OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Nationality Act/Article 4

| ←Article 3 | Nationality Act Republic of China (Taiwan) Law Article 4 | Article 5→ |

## Promulgated full amendment on 2000-02-09
### Article 4

    An alien or a stateless person who has, at present, a domicile in the territory of the Republic of China, meets one of the requirements specified in sub-paragraphs (2) to (4) of the preceding Article, and has legally stayed in the territory of the Republic of China for more than 183 days each year for more than three years without interruption, also meets one of the following requirements, he (she) may apply for naturalization:
* A person who is the spouse of a ROC citizen.
* A person whose father or mother is or was a ROC citizen.
* A person who is adopted by a ROC citizen.
* A person who was born in the territory of the Republic of China.
    A minor alien or a stateless person, whose father, mother, or adopted father or mother is a ROC citizen and who has legally stayed in the territory of the Republic of China for less than three years and does not meet the requirements specified in sub-paragraphs (2) and (4) of the preceding article may also apply for naturalization.

## Promulgated amendment on 2005-06-15
### Article 4

    A foreign national or stateless person who now has a domicile in the territory of the ROC, if meeting the requisites provided in Subparagraph 2 to Subparagraph 5 of Paragraph 1 of the preceding article, has legally resided in the territory of the ROC totally for more than 183 days every year for more than 3 consecutive years, under any of the conditions provided by the following Subparagraphs, can also apply for naturalization:
* He/she is the spouse of a national of the ROC.
* His/her father or mother is or was once a national of the ROC.
* He/she is an adopted child of a national of the ROC.
* He/she was born in the territory of the ROC.
    A foreign national or stateless person who is a minor, if his/her father, mother or adoptive parents now is or are national (s) of the ROC, even if he /she has legally resided in the territory of the ROC less than 3 years and doesn’t meet the requisites provided in Subparagraph 2, Subparagraph 4 and Subparagraph 5 of Paragraph 1 of preceding Article, can also apply for naturalization.

## Promulgated amendment on 2016-12-21
### Article 4

(no governmental translation yet)

## Annotated by Wikibooks

* ↑ "Law of Nationality". Immigration Office (Taiwan). 2001-06-20. Retrieved 2016-12-28.
* ↑ "Nationality Act: Article 4". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2006-01-27. Retrieved 2016-12-28.
# History

* Amended on January 10, 2007
* Article 3 amended on June 29, 2011

# Contents

    Articles 1, 2, 3 and 6 have been amended.

## Article 4

    Whoever, with intent to gain, does not exchange coins or notes according to the legal exchange rates, shall be fined up to 10 times of the amount of the profit thus obtained.
    Whoever engages in the money exchange business and charges a fee or commission over 1% of the nominal value of the coins or notes to be exchanged, shall be subject to the same penalties.

## Article 5

    Whoever damages coins or notes intentionally, and renders them unusable, shall be fined up to 5 times the nominal value of such coins or notes.

## Article 7

    This Act shall become effective on the date of promulgation.

## Annotated by Wikibooks

* ↑ "Penal Act of Offenses Against National Currency: Legislative History". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2011-06-29. Retrieved 2016-09-07.
* ↑ Promulgated on July 15, 1935 under a different name as temporary
* ↑ Promulgated on July 15, 1937 under a different name as temporary
* ↑ Promulgated on October 18, 1943 under the latest name as non-temporary
* ↑ Promulgated on September 4, 1973
* ↑ "Penal Act of Offenses Against National Currency: Article Content". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2011-06-29. Retrieved 2016-09-07.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Passport Act
## History

| Version No. | Passed Legislature | Promulgated by President | Amended articles (± amended; + added; - deleted) |
| 1 | 1944-06-28 | 1944-07-22 | + New 17 articles in Mainland Era |
| 2 | 1952-02-19 | 1952-03-03 | ± All 24 articles articles in Taiwan |
| 3 | 1967-06-30 | 1967-07-10 | ± All 18 articles with name change |
| 4 | 1989-06-09 | 1989-06-23 | ± All 18 articles |
| 5 | 1994-12-27 | 1995-01-11 | ±1 ±4 ±9 ±11 ±13 |
| 6 | 2000-04-28 | 2000-05-17 (effective 2000-05-21) | ± All 27 articles |
| 7 | 2015-05-22 | 2015-06-10 (effective 2016-01-01) | ± All 37 articles |
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Nationality Act/Article 6

| ←Article 5 | Nationality Act Republic of China (Taiwan) Law Article 6 | Article 7 to Article 9→ |

## Promulgated full amendment on 2000-02-09
### Article 6

    An alien or a stateless person who has rendered distinguished service to the Republic of China but does not meet the requirements specified in the sub-paragraphs of Article 3 may also apply for naturalization.
    The Ministry of the Interior needs to first obtain the approval of the Executive Yuan before it can grant naturalization to such person as stated in the preceding Paragraph.

## Promulgated amendment on 2005-06-15
### Article 6

    A foreign national or stateless person who has made special contributions to the ROC but doesn’t meet the requisites provided in Subparagraphs of Paragraph 1 of Article 1, can also apply for naturalization. Preceding permission of naturalization by the MOI shall be approved by the Executive Yuan.

## Annotated by Wikibooks

* ↑ "Law of Nationality". Immigration Office (Taiwan). 2001-06-20. Retrieved 2016-12-28.
* ↑ "Nationality Act: Article 6". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2006-01-27. Retrieved 2016-12-28.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Penal Act of Offenses Against National Currency/Article 1

| Penal Act of Offenses Against National Currency Republic of China Law from Mainland Era to Taiwan Article 1 | Article 2→ |

## Promulgated amendment on 1973-09-04
### Article 1

    In this Act,“national currency”means notes or coins issued by the Central Government or its authorized agency in the territory of the Republic of China (Taiwan).
    The provisions of this Act apply to those notes and coins issued by the above-described agency before the promulgation of this Act.
    Whoever, with intent to gain, smuggles silver, gold or any kind of new or old coins, shall be imprisoned for life or at least 5 years; in addition thereto, a fine of up to five times of the nominal or market value of the coins may be imposed.
    Whoever, with intent to gain, destroys any kind of new or old coins and smuggles them, shall be subject to the same penalties.
    An attempt to commit an offence specified in one of the two preceding paragraphs is also punishable.

## Annotated by Wikibooks

* ↑ "Penal Act of Offenses Against National Currency: Article 1". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2011-06-29. Retrieved 2016-09-07.
# Adventist Adventurer Awards and Answers/Bead Craft

* Bead Craft
* Builder

## What is a bead?

A bead is a small object with a hole in it so that it can be fastened with thread or string. (Most beads are round.)

## Where did the word "bead" come from?

The word bead comes from an Old English word—gebed, or bede—which means prayer.

## Name some of the materials that are use to make beads.

Beads can be made out of things like seeds, wood, stone, plastic, glass, metal, ceramic, pearls, shells, berries, beans, ivory, coral, amber or precious stones

## Tell at least two interest facts about the history of beads.

Historical facts about beads include:
* People made things out of beads in Egypt in Bible times.
* The worlds first calculator was an abacus, which is made out of beads. It is still used in many countries.
* Beads were used as money by American Indians and other native peoples. Wampum or Indian money beads, were often made out of shells. Indians used beads to trade with the Pilgrims.
* Some Indians used porcupine quills or pieces of bone for needles to string beads on thread made out of horse hair or cotton.
* People who are Catholic or Buddhist often use beads to help them remember and count their prayers.
* Beads have been used to decorate clothes for more than 400 years.

## Name at least three things you can do with beads.

* Perle (melt beads.)
* String them together.
* Use them to trade, or for play money.
* Decorate clothes.
* Make pot holders or other things to decorate your home.
* Count things.

## Make four (4) or more different objects with beads.

* String beads onto a pipe cleaner and shape it into a heart, cross or shepherds rod.
* Sew beads on piece of cloth in the shape of your name (or initials).
* Trace a picture or design onto heavy paper or cloth. Glue or sew beads onto it.
* Make a refrigerator magnet using beads. (Glue them onto a clothespin or piece of felt, or string them on thread or wire.
* Decorate a bean bag with beads.
* Sew beads on shoes or moccasins.
* String beads onto thread or ribbon and wrap them around the outside of a picture frame.
* Make a sculpture by stringing beads onto copper wire and shaping it.

## External Resources

vteAdventist Adventurer Awards :
# Adventist Adventurer Awards and Answers/Beginning Swimming

* Beginning Swimming
* Eager Beaver

## Know how to dog paddle.

Face over water and paddling with alternate hands, often with the nose and mouth above the water. This stroke can be used in reverse to propel the body feet first.

## Know how to swim with your head underwater.

By relaxing your body ease your breath open your eyes normal.

## Know two water safety rules.

* Always have an adult watch you when you are in the pool
* Never run around the pool
* Never jump in on top of someone
* Always obey pool rules.
* Swim with a buddy.
* If you're just learning to swim, stay in the shallow end.
* Don't push or jump on others.
* Don't Dive at the shallow water
* No eating while swimming
* Swimming Instructor-Life Guard must be alert with medical outfit

## What would you do if someone was in trouble in the pool? Would you try to save them? Why would it be better to call a parent or adult to come and help?

If you see someone in trouble in the pool, it's better to call for parent or adult to come and help. Reason: Unless you are a trained in lifeguard, you might be drag into the water instead.
When you see someone in trouble, start calling for help from the poolside. Make as much noise as possible.

## What is the emergency number of an ambulance?

9 - 1 - 1
vteAdventist Adventurer Awards :
# Beekeeping/Robbing Behavior

Most strains of bees are super-hard-working, but they are also sensible and will take their food from easier sources than they usually favour if it is up to standard. This includes some forms of human food and sometimes brings them into conflict with us. But, some bees take this "alternative food source" thing to extremes and even rob food, i.e. honey and pollen etc. from neighbouring hives. These hives will usually defend their stocks vigorously, but not always successfully. It has also been noted that the different species of honey bees differ greatly in their tendencies to rob and their ability to defend the hive.
# Beekeeping/Semi-Social Bees
## Semi-Social Bees

social insect, any of numerous species of insects that live in colonies and manifest three characteristics: group integration, division of labour, and overlap of generations. Social insects are best exemplified by all termites (Isoptera; sometimes Blattodea) and ants (Formicidae) and by various bees and wasps (Hymenoptera).
Social insects are differentiated in structure, function, and behaviour into castes, the major ones being the reproductives (e.g., the queen) and the steriles (workers and soldiers). Besides carrying out the basic function of reproduction, the members of the reproductive caste generally select the site for a new colony and excavate the first galleries. The workers care for the eggs and larvae, collect food for other members of the colony, and construct and repair the nest, while the soldiers defend the colony against predators.
# Beekeeping/Sideline Beekeeping

Sideline beekeeping usually happens when a hobby gets out of hand, or when a conscious decision is made to expand - perhaps with the aim of going 'full time' one day.
# Beekeeping/Skep Hive

Skeps are inverted baskets made from straw or reeds, usually with a domed top. Sometimes they are coated with clay for extra durability. An entrance is arranged either by making a small hole in the side, or by means of a shaped wooden base.
Skeps used to be the most common form of beehive in Europe before the invention of the modern hive with moveable frames around the middle of the 19th century. There are still skeppists today, especially in Germany and eastern Europe.
# Beekeeping/Slatted Bottom Board

A Slatted Bottom Rack fits between the bottom hive body and the bottom board. It provides cluster space for bees, allows air circulation without allowing a direct draft on the brood, and helps prevent crowding near the hive entrance.
# Beekeeping/Queen Locating

One way you can find a queen bee in a hive that you can clearly see is to find an area where you see a large clump of bees all looking into one central area for a long period of time. Also, some bees will repeatedly come and go from this same place. In the middle of this clump, if you were to brush the workers away, you would most likely find the queen. She is normally guarded by as many as 10-20 workers at one time.
Many times it is not necessary to locate the queen herself as there is likely a lot of evidence of her presence in the hive. Eggs are the most compelling evidence that you've got a viable queen. Look for a uniform deposition of eggs (if it's spotty it may be a laying worker or an old queen).
If I missed something in here, or if you have more info to add, please do edit this article.
Brood is capped 9 days after the egg being laid. The best sign of 'queen rightness' are eggs (second to seeing the queen herself). If you can find eggs they were laid in the last 3 days. A laying worker will generally stick eggs to the side, rather than bottom, of a cell as her abdomen is not long enough. Workers can only lay drones (male) as they will not be fertilised. You can also get a drone laying queen however, if she is old, damaged or poorly mated.
# Beekeeping/Screened Bottom Board

Developed to reduce the mite population of that hive. It is placed on the bottom of the hive box. Sticky paper can be placed underneath the box to observe the number of mites that fall through the screen. If a plain floor is used below the SBB, a gap of around 2" (5cm) will prevent any mites returning to the hive.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Civil Code/Article 15
## First promulgated in 1929
### Article 15

* Those who are interdicted have no capacity to make juridical acts.
    (Used to be hosted as a governmental translation)

## Promulgated amendment in 2008
### Article 15

* A person who has become subject to the order of the commencement of guardianship has no capacity to perform any juristic act.
    (From the governmental translation)

## Wikibooks annotation

"To be interdicted" has been amended to "the commencement of guardianship".
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Civil Code

The Civil Code as a Republic of China Law from Mainland Era to Taiwan is divided into five Parts. Each Part has its own Enforcement Act. :
| Part numbers and names | Article numbers | Article numbers | Enforcement Acts |
| Part I General Principles | 1 | − 152 | Enforcement Act |
| Part II Obligations | 153 | − 756−9 | Enforcement Act |
| Part III Rights In Rem | 757 | − 966 | Enforcement Act |
| Part IV Family | 967 | − 1137 | Enforcement Law |
| Part V Succession | 1138 | − 1225 | Enforcement Law |
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Civil Associations Act/Article 67

| ←Article 65 to Article 66 | Civil Associations Act Republic of China (Taiwan) Law Article 67 |

## Promulgated full amendment on 1989-01-27
### Article 67

    This Act shall become effective as of the date of promulgation.

## Promulgated amendment on 2009-05-27

Effective on 2009-11-23

### Article 67

    This Act shall become effective as of the date of promulgation.
    The articles of this law amended on 12th May of 2009 of the Republic of China take effect on 23rd November of 2009.

## Annotated by Wikibooks

* ↑ "Civil Associations Act". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 1993-12-31. Retrieved 2017-04-23.
* ↑ "Civil Associations Act: Article 67". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2017-04-23.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Civil Code/Article 8
## First promulgated on 1929-05-23

(Effective on 1929-10-10, derived from http://law.moj.gov.tw/Eng/LawClass/LawSearchNo.aspx?PC=B0000001&DF=&SNo=8 )

### Article 8

* An absent person who has disappeared for more than ten years may be declared dead by the court upon the application of any interested person.
* If the absent person was over eighty years of age and has disappeared for more than five years, he may be declared dead.
* If the absent person was in a catastrophe, he may be declared dead when he has disappeared for more than three years.

## Promulgated amendment on 1982-01-04

(Effective on 1983-01-01, from http://law.moj.gov.tw/Eng/LawClass/LawSearchNo.aspx?PC=B0000001&DF=&SNo=8 )

### Article 8

* An absent person who has disappeared for more than seven years may be declared dead by the court upon the application of any interested person or the public prosecutor.
* If the absent person was over eighty years of age and has disappeared for more than three years, he may be declared dead.
* If the absent person was in a catastrophe, he may be declared dead when it has been over a year after the end of the catastrophe.

## Wikibooks annotation

The minimum waiting time to declare missing persons dead has been reduced, and public prosecutors have become specifically eligible to apply to declare missing persons dead.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Cyclops/314
## Annotations

the church of Saint Fiacre in Horto (Latin) Saint Fiacre is the patron saint of gardeners. In Horto is Latin for in a garden. There was no Church of Saint Fiacre in Ireland in 1904; Fiacre's 7th-century hermitage Kilfiachra has given its name to a townland and a civil parish, both known as Kilferagh, in County Kilkenny.

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988) 354.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Cyclops/323
## Annotations

En ventre sa mère (French) In his mother's belly. This archaic French phrase is still used in English law to refer to a child who has not yet been born. J. J. O'Molloy, who uses the phrase, is an unemployed lawyer.

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988)
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Cyclops/315
## Annotations

The lynching mentioned is not necessarily fictional, but seems likely to refer to the lynching of Will Brown in Omaha, Nebraska in 1919.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Cyclops/316
## Annotations

Entente cordiale (French) Cordial agreement. The Entente cordiale was a series of agreements signed on 8 April 1904 between France and the United Kingdom.
perfidious Albion A translation of the perennial French lament, Perfide Albion! See 311.37.
Conspuez les Français (French) Down with the French. See 311.37.
Come Where the Booze is Cheaper was a music hall monologue and song written and composed by E W Rogers & A E Durandeau (1890) and performed by Charles Coborn (1852-1945). See https://monologues.co.uk/musichall/Songs-C/Come-Where-The-Booze-Is-Cheaper.htm

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988) 360. Thornton (1968) 286.
* ↑ Gifford (1988) 360.
# Arimaa/Elephant and Minor Piece Attacks

This chapter addresses attacks with an Elephant and Dog(s), Cat(s) and/or Rabbit(s). These types of attacks are rarely seen in the opening because the defensive setup on both sides is normally too sturdy to allow a successful attack by such weak invaders. Therefore, most of the situations covered will deal with the middlegame or endgame.
* Objectives and Risks
* Ideal Placement of Pieces
* Defensive Systems and Counter-Attacks
* On a Depleted Board
* Burrowing with a Rabbit
* Illustrative Games
← Elephant and Horse Attacks · Multi-Piece Swarming Attacks →
# Arimaa/Elephant and Minor Piece Attacks/Objectives and Risks
## Reasons to use an Elephant and Minor Piece Attack

* to capture enemy pieces in a trap that is defended only by weak pieces such as Cats and Rabbits
* to create a counter-attack when the Camel and Horses are under attack on the opposite wing
* to generate goal threats in the endgame
* to facilitate the hostage-taking of a strong defender
* to allow attacking opportunities for Horses and Camels by distracting the enemy Elephant
* because all the Horses and Camels have been exchanged off the board
* to blockade the enemy position (see chapter on Multiple Piece Swarming Attacks)

## Risks associated with Elephant and Minor Piece Attacks

* multiple weak attackers may be taken hostage or framed
* if the Elephant is forced to move to another quadrant, pieces may be trapped
* the home trap defense may be seriously weakened and the goal defense may be compromised
* hostage-taking attempts decentralize the attacking Elephant
* the attacking side may not be able to hold the crucial b6 square
* an Elephant and Rabbit Attack is likely to result in the Rabbit being framed on the c6 square, unless the trap is defended only by Rabbits
# Basic Geography/Biosphere

The Biosphere consists of all the ecosystems.
# Basic Geography/Climate

Climate is commonly considered to be "the weather averaged over a long period of time, typically 30 years". The concept of "climate" includes the statistics of the weather—such as the degree of day-to-day or year-to-year variation."
Climate is variable across the globe; it is affected by landscape, relief, and activities (both human and physical). There are also microclimates. These are areas within a climatic region that can vary (e.g. top of hill, sunny side of hill, shaded side of hill, bottom of the hill, etc.). Climate is variable across time, including deep time.
It is important to note that weather is not the same as climate. Weather is the state of conditions at a certain point in time, as opposed to climate which covers a longer period of time. The different parts of the weather include: temperature, pressure, precipitation and humidity.
The science of monitoring and studying the atmosphere and predicting its weather and climate is called meteorology. People who study weather and climate are known as meteorologists.

## Contents Of Climate

* Climate Elements
* Weather Fronts and Global Air Masses
* Recording and Mapping the Weather
* Global Climate Zones
* Weather Extremes and Climatic Change

## References

1. ^ Wikipedia article on Climate
# Basic Geography

Note that this book is for pre-university level geography—it can be used by school/college students as well as adults looking to build on their geographical knowledge.

## Contents
### Entry Level
#### Physical Geography

* Climate and Weather
* Weather
* Coasts
* Ecosystems
* Energy
* Glaciation
* Hydrology
* Geology

#### Human Geography

* Development
* Economics
* Farming
* International Issues
* Population and Resources
* Settlement
* Tourism

#### Others

* Geographical Skills
* Geographic Information Systems

### Further Level
#### Physical Geography

* Atmosphere
* Biosphere
* Environmental Hazards
* Hydrosphere
* Lithosphere

#### Human Geography

* Population
* Rural
* Urban
* Industrial
* Development and Health
* Rural Land Resources