# Horticulture/Pisum

Peas :
| Genus: | Pisum |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Type: | Annuals |
| Pollination: | Insects |
Pisum is a genus of the family Fabaceae, native to southwest Asia and northeast Africa. Pisum sativum, the field pea or garden pea, is the most commonly cultivated.

## Description

Tendrilled vines with compound leaves. The flower has 5 sepals (fused), 5 petal, 10 anthers (9 are fused ,1 free) and 2 carpels(fused). The fruit is a legume (the pea).

## Growing conditions

Sunny locations, soils should be rich but well-drained. Seeds are usually inoculated with a bacteria which fixes atmospheric nitrogen for the use of the plant.

## Varieties

The genus contains one to five species, depending on taxonomic interpretation; the International Legume Database (ILDIS) accepts three species, one with two subspecies :
* Pisum abyssinicum (syn. P. sativum subsp. abyssinicum)
* Pisum fulvum
* Pisum sativum - Pea
** Pisum sativum subsp. elatius (syn. P. elatius, P. syriacum)
** Pisum sativum subsp. sativum

## Uses

Pisum sativum is commonly grown as a food crop, but all plants in this genus can be used as cover crops.

## Pests and diseases

Powdery Mildew
Leaf Spot, Pod Spot
* Ascochyta pinodes
* Ascochyta pisi
Downy Mildew
Damping Off
White Mold
* Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Root Rots
Blight
* Sclerotium rolfsii
Wilt
* Fusarium oxysporum pisi
Aphids
* Pea Aphid: Acyrthosiphon pisum
* Green Peach Aphid: Myzus persicae
Bugs
* Tarnished Plant Bug: Lygus lineolaris
* Fourlined Plant Bug: Poecilocapsus lineatus
Thrips
* Onions thrips: Thrips tabaci
Maggots
* American Serpentine Leafminer: Liriomyza trifolii
* Pea Leafminer: Liriomyza huidobrensis
* Seedcorn Maggot: Delia platura
Beetles
* Pea Weevil: Bruchus pisorum
* Pea Leaf Weevil: Sitona lineatus
* Cucumber Beetles
Caterpillars
* Turnip Moth: Agrotis segetum
* Pea Moth: Cydia nigricana
* Stalk Borer: Papaipema nebris
* Cabbage Looper: Trichoplusia ni
* Celery Looper: Anagrapha falcifera
* Speckled Green Fruitworm: Orthosia hibisci
* Beet Armyworm: Spodoptera exigua
Bucculatrix pyrivorella, w:Cabbage Moth, Common Swift, w:Ghost Moth, Hypercompe indecisa, The Nutmeg, w:Setaceous Hebrew Character and w:Turnip Moth.

## References

Christopher Brickell; et al. (1993). The American Horticultural Society Encyclopedia of Gardening. DK Publishing, inc. pp. 339–340. {{cite book}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last= (help)
* Staff of the L. H. Bailey Hortorium (1976). Hortus Third: A Concise Dictionary of Plants Cultivated in the United States and Canada. Cornell University Press. p. 879. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
* Cranshaw, Whitney (2004). Garden Insects of North America: The Ultimate Guide to Backyard Bugs. Princeton University Press. p. 613. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
* Pippa Greenwood, Andrew Halstead, A.R. Chase, Daniel Gilrein (2000). American Horticultural Society Pests & Diseases: The Complete Guide to Preventing, Identifying, and Treating Plant Problems (First Edition ed.). Dorling Kindersley (DK) Publishing, inc. p. 203. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)