# Sardinian/Printable version

The current, editable version of this book is available in Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection, at
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Sardinian

# Alphabet

It's a typical Latin-derived alphabet, as follows
* A (A)
* B (Bi)
* C (Ci)
* D (Di)
* E (E)
* F (Efa)
* G (Gi)
* H (Aca)
* I (I)
* J (Jota)
* K (Kappa)
* L (Ella)
* M (Emma)
* N (Enna)
* O (O)
* P (Pi)
* R (Erra)
* S (Essa)
* T (Ti)
* TZ (Zeta surda)
* U (U)
* V (Vu)
* X (Ìchisi)
* Z (Zeta sonora)

# Pronounce

One of the major complications is the difference between the written form and the spoken one, given one must follow specific rules: it is important to mention at least some in the generality of cases.
It is highly recommended to learn as reported below, since the actual pronunciation of what is written shall be taken for granted.

# Articles
## Definite

| | Singular | Plural |
| Masculine | Su = the | Sos = the |
| Feminine | Sa = the | Sas = the |

## Indefinite

| Masculine | Feminine |
| Unu = a | Una = a |

# Prepositions

Prepositions go before a noun, pronoun, adjective or verb to indicate their function in a sentence; and may be simple, contracted or improper.

## Simple prepositions

* A = to
* Chin o Cun = with
* De = of
* Dae = from / by
* In = in
* Pro = because of / to
* Tra = between / among
* Peri = towards

## Contracted prepositions

These are generally formed by simple prepositions + the definite article.
* A su / sa ; A sos / sas
* Chin su / sa ; Chin sos / sas
* De su / sa ; De sos / sas
* Dae su / sa ; Dae sos / sas
* In su / sa ; In sos / sas

## Improper prepositions

* Sutta = under / beneath / below
* Supra = above
* Sicunde = according to
* Chentza = without
* Francu = with the exception of

## Prepositional phrases

* In fattu [de] = behind
* Finas / Fintzas [a] = until
* Prima [de] = before
* [a] Pustis [de] = after
* [a] Curtzu [de] = near / close to
* [in] S'oru [de] = near to the edge of
* Attesu [dae] = far (away) from
* Innedda [dae] = far (away) from
* [a] Largu [dae] = far (away) from
* Paris [chin] = together with
* Affaccu [de] = next to
* [a] Costazu [de] = next to
* Contr'[a] = against
* [a] Cara [de] = before / in front of
* Fora [de] = out of / outside of
* Intro [de] = inside / within
* [in] Cambiu [de] = in exchange for / in return for
* Imbetzes [de] = instead of
* Because of the abovementioned pronunciation rules, the pronunciation of the prepositions is as follows:
       A ssu / ssa ; A ssos / ssas
       Chi' ssu / ssa ; Chi' ssos / ssas
       De ssos / ssas ; De ssos / ssas
       Dae su / sa ; Dae sos / sas
       I' ssu / ssa ; I' ssos / ssas
       I 'ffattu 'e ...
       Affacch 'e ...
* In spoken form, when in o chin are bound to the indefinite article unu / -a, a -d is added.
       Cantande ind unu tzilleri (Singing in a bar)
       Fipo chind un'amica (I was with a friend)
* In spoken form, the -D of De often is not pronounced; so that the preposition becomes 'e.

# Cardinal numbers

* Unu = 1
* Duos = 2
* Tres = 3
* Battor = 4
* Chimbe = 5
* Ses = 6
* Sette = 7
* Otto = 8
* Nove = 9
* Deche = 10
* Undichi = 11
* Doichi = 12
* Treichi = 13
* Battordichi = 14
* Bindichi = 15
* Seichi = 16
* Dechessette = 17
* Decheotto = 18
* Dechennove = 19
* Binti = 20
* Bintunu = 21
* Bintiduos = 22
* Bintitres = 23
* Trinta = 30
* Trintunu = 31
* Trintaduos = 32
* Trintatres = 33
* Baranta = 40
* Barantunu = 41
* Barantaduos = 42
* Barantatres = 43
* Chimbanta = 50
* Chimbantunu = 51
* Chimbantaduos = 52
* Chimbantatres = 53
* Sessanta = 60
* Sessantunu = 61
* Sessantaduos = 62
* Sessantatres = 63
* Settanta = 70
* Settantunu = 71
* Settantaduos = 72
* Settantatres = 73
* Ottanta = 80
* Ottantunu = 81
* Ottantaduos = 82
* Ottantatres = 83
* Novanta = 90
* Novantunu = 91
* Novantaduos = 92
* Novantatres = 93
* Chentu = 100
* Chent'e unu = 101
* Chent'e duos = 102
* Chent'e tres = 103
* Chentuchimbantunu = 151
* Duchentos/-as = 200
* Duchentos/-as e unu/-a = 201
* Duchentos/-as e duos/-as = 202
* Duchentos/-as e tres = 203
* Duchentos/-as bintitres = 223
* Trechentos/-as = 300
* Battochentos/-as = 400
* Chimbichentos/-as == 500
* Seschentos/-as = 600
* Settechentos/-as = 700
* Ottochentos/-as = 800
* Novechentos/-as = 900
* Milli = 1000
* Mill'e unu/-a = 1001
* Mill'e duos/-as = 1002
* Duamiza = 2000
* Tremiza = 3000
* Battomiza = 4000
* Chimbemiza = 5000
* Semiza = 6000
* Settemiza = 7000
* Ottomiza = 8000
* Novemiza = 9000
* Dechemiza = 10000
* Doichimiza = 12000
* Bintunamiza e deche = 21010

# Ordinal numbers
## Ordinal numbers serving as adjectives

* Primu/-a = first
* Sicundu/-a = second
* Tertzu/-a = third
* Cuartu/-a = fourth
* Cuìntu/-a = fifth
* Sestu/-a = sixth
* Sèttimu/-a = seventh
* Ottavu/-a = eighth
* Nonu/-a = ninth
* Décimu/-a = tenth

## Ordinal numbers serving as pronouns

* Su 'e unu = the first
* Su 'e duos = the second
* Su 'e tres = the third
* Su 'e battor = the fourth
* Su 'e chimbe = the fifth
* Su 'e ses = the sixth
* Su 'e binti = the twentieth
* Su 'e bintunu = the twenty-first
* Su 'e bintiduos = the twenty-second
* Su 'e trinta = the twenty-third
* Su 'e chentu = the one hundredth
* Su 'e milli = the one thousandth

# Verbs

Sardinian has the following moods and tenses:
| Indicative | Subjunctive | Conditional | Imperative | Infinitive | Participle | Gerund |
| • Present • Imperfect • Preterite♦ • Present Perfect • Past Perfect • Future • Future Perfect | •Present •Imperfect •Past •Pluperfect | •Present •Past | •Present •Future | •Present •Past | •Present♦♦ •Past | •Present •Past |

# Verbs/Conjugation of ÈSSER
## Indicative
### Present

* Deo so
* Tue ses
* Issu/Issa est
* Nois semus
* Bois sezis
* Issos/Issas sun

### Imperfect

* Deo fippo
* Tue fis
* Issu/Issa fit
* Nois fimus
* Bois fizis
* Issos/Issas fin

### Present Perfect

* Deo so istau/-da
* Tue ses istau/-da
* Issu/Issa est istau/-da
* Nois semus istaos/-das
* Bois sezis istaos/-das
* Issos/Issas sun istaos/-das

### Past Perfect

* Deo fippo istau/-da
* Tue fis istau/-da
* Issu/Issa fit istau/-da
* Nois fimus istaos/-das
* Bois fizis istaos/-das
* Issos/Issas fin istaos/-das

### Future

* Deo app'a esser
* Tue as a esser
* Issu/Issa at a esser
* Nois amus a esser
* Bois azes a esser
* Issos/Issas an a esser

### Future Perfect

* Deo app'a esser istau/-da
* Tue as a esser istau/-da
* Issu/Issa at a esser istau/-da
* Nois amus a esser istaos/-das
* Bois azes a esser istaos/-das
* Issos/Issas an a esser istaos/-das

## Subjunctive
### Present

* (Chi) Deo sìa
* (Chi) Tue sìas
* (Chi) Issu/Issa sìat
* (Chi) Nois siàmus
* (Chi) Bois siàzes
* (Chi) Issos/Issas sìan

### Imperfect

* (Chi) Deo (es)sèrepo
* (Chi) Tue (es)sères
* (Chi) Issu/Issa (es)sèret
* (Chi) Nois (es)sèremus
* (Chi) Bois (es)sèrezes
* (Chi) Issos (es)sèren

### Past

* (Chi) Deo sìa istau/-da
* (Chi) Tue sìas istau/-da
* (Chi) Issu/Issa sìat istau/-da
* (Chi) Nois siàmus istaos/-das
* (Chi) Bois siàzes istaos/-das
* (Chi) Issos/Issas sìan istaos/-das

### Pluperfect

* (Chi) Deo (es)sèrepo istau/-da
* (Chi) Tue (es)sères istau/-da
* (Chi) Issu/Issa (es)sèret istau/-da
* (Chi) Nois (es)sèremus istaos/-das
* (Chi) Bois (es)sèrezes istaos/-das
* (Chi) Issos (es)sèren istaos/-das

## Conditional
### Present

* Deo dìo esser
* Tue dìas esser
* Issu/Issa dìat esser
* Nois diàmus esser
* Bois diàzes esser
* Issos/Issas dìan esser

### Past

* Deo dìo esser istau/-da
* Tue dìas esser istau/-da
* Issu/Issa dìat esser istau/-da
* Nois diàmus esser istaos/-das
* Bois diàzes esser istaos/-das
* Issos/Issas dìan esser istaos/-das

## Imperative
### Present

* Sìas (tue!)
* Sìat (issu / issa!)
* Siàmus (nois!)
* Siàzes (bois!)
* Sìan (issos / issas!)

### Future

* As a esser (tue!)
* At a esser (issu / issa!)
* Amus a esser (nois!)
* Azes a esser (bois!)
* An a esser (issos / issas!)

## Infinitive
### Present

* Èsser

### Past

* Èsser istau/-da

## Participle

Istau/-da ; Istaos/-das

## Gerund
### Present

* (Es)sende

### Past

* (Es)sende istau/-da ; (Es)sende istaos/-das

# Verbs/Conjugation of other auxiliary verbs
## ÁER (To have)
### Indicative
#### Present

* Deo appo
* Tue as
* Issu/Issa at
* Nois amus
* Bois azes
* Issos/Issas an

#### Imperfect

* Deo aìo
* Tue aìas
* Issu/Issa aìat
* Nois abamus, ajabamus
* Bois abazes, ajabazes
* Issos aìan

#### Present Perfect

* Deo app'àppiu
* Tue as àppiu
* Issu/Issa at àppiu
* Nois amus àppiu
* Bois azes àppiu
* Issos/Issas an àppiu

#### Past Perfect

* Deo aìo àppiu
* Tue aìas àppiu
* Issu/Issa aìat àppiu
* Nois abamus àppiu
* Bois abazes àppiu
* Issos/Issas aìan àppiu

#### Future

* Deo app'àer
* Tue as' àer
* Issu/Issa at' àer
* Nois amus' àer
* Bois azes' àer
* Issos/Issas an' àer

#### Future Perfect

* Deo app'àer àppiu
* Tue as' àer àppiu
* Issu/Issa at' àer àppiu
* Nois amus' àer àppiu
* Bois azes' àer àppiu
* Issos/Issas an' àer àppiu

### Subjunctive
#### Present

* (Chi) Deo appa
* (Chi) Tue appas
* (Chi) Issu/Issa appat
* (Chi) Nois appamus
* (Chi) Bois appazes
* (Chi) Issos/Issas appan

#### Imperfect

* (Chi) Deo aèrepo
* (Chi) Tue aères
* (Chi) Issu/Issa aèret
* (Chi) Nois aerèmus
* (Chi) Bois aerèzes
* (Chi) Issos/Issas aèren

#### Past

* (Chi) Deo app'àppiu
* (Chi) Tue appas àppiu
* (Chi) Issu/Issa appat àppiu
* (Chi) Nois appamus àppiu
* (Chi) Bois appazes àppiu
* (Chi) Issos/Issas appan àppiu

#### Pluperfect

* (Chi) Deo aèrep' àppiu
* (Chi) Tue aères àppiu
* (Chi) Issu/Issa aèret àppiu
* (Chi) Nois aerèmus àppiu
* (Chi) Bois aerèzes àppiu
* (Chi) Issos/Issas aèren àppiu

### Conditional
#### Present

* Deo dìo àer
* Tue dìas àer
* Issu/Issa dìat àer
* Nois diàmus àer
* Bois diàzes àer
* Issos/Issas dìan àer

#### Past

* Deo dìo àer àppiu
* Tue dìas àer àppiu
* Issu/Issa dìat àer àppiu
* Nois diàmus àer àppiu
* Bois diàzes àer àppiu
* Issos/Issas dìan àer àppiu

### Imperative
#### Present

* Appas (tue!)
* Appat (issu / issa!)
* Appamus (nois!)
* Appazes (bois!)
* Appan (issos / issas!)

#### Future

* As' àer (tue!)
* At' àer (issu / issa!)
* Amus' àer (nois!)
* Azes' àer (bois!)
* An' àer (issos / issas!)

### Infinitive
#### Present

Áer

#### Past

Áer àppiu

### Participle

Áppiu

### Gerund
#### Present

Aènde

#### Past

Aènde àppiu

## DÈPER (Must / To have to)
### Indicative
#### Present

* Deo depo
* Tue depes or des
* Issu/Issa depet or det
* Nois depimus or demus
* Bois depies or dezis
* Issos/Issas depen or den

#### Imperfect

* Deo depìo or dìo
* Tue depìas or dìas
* Issu/Issa depìat or dìat
* Nois depiabàmus or diàmus
* Bois depiabàzes or diàzes
* Issos/Issas depìan or dìan

#### Present Perfect

* Deo appo dèpiu
* Tue as dèpiu
* Issu/Issa at dèpiu
* Nois amus dèpiu
* Bois azes dèpiu
* Issos/Issas an dèpiu

#### Past Perfect

* Deo aìo dèpiu
* Tue aìas dèpiu
* Issu/Issa aìat dèpiu
* Nois abamus dèpiu
* Bois abazes dèpiu
* Issos aìan dèpiu

#### Future

* Deo app' a deper
* Tue as a deper
* Issu/Issa at a deper
* Nois amus a deper
* Bois azes a deper
* Issos/Issas an a deper

#### Future Perfect

* Deo app' àer dèpiu
* Tue as' àer dèpiu
* Issu/Issa at' àer dèpiu
* Nois amus' àer dèpiu
* Bois azes' àer dèpiu
* Issos/Issas an' àer dèpiu

### Subjunctive
#### Present

* (Chi) Deo depa
* (Chi) Tue depas
* (Chi) Issu/Issa depat
* (Chi) Nois depamus
* (Chi) Bois depazes
* (Chi) Issos/Issas depan

#### Imperfect

* (Chi) Deo dière
* (Chi) Tue dières
* (Chi) Issu/Issa dièret
* (Chi) Nois dierèmus
* (Chi) Bois dierèzes
* (Chi) Issos/Issas dièren

#### Past

* (Chi) Deo appa dèpiu
* (Chi) Tue appas dèpiu
* (Chi) Issu/Issa appat dèpiu
* (Chi) Nois appamus dèpiu
* (Chi) Bois appazes dèpiu
* (Chi) Issos/Issas appan dèpiu

#### Pluperfect

* (Chi) Deo aèrepo dèpiu
* (Chi) Tue aères dèpiu
* (Chi) Issu/Issa aèret dèpiu
* (Chi) Nois aerèmus dèpiu
* (Chi) Bois aerèzes dèpiu
* (Chi) Issos/Issas aèren dèpiu

### Conditional
#### Present

* Deo dìo deper
* Tue dìas deper
* Issu/Issa dìat deper
* Nois diàmus deper
* Bois diàzes deper
* Issos/Issas dìan deper

#### Past

* Deo dìo àer dèpiu
* Tue dìas àer dèpiu
* Issu/Issa dìat àer dèpiu
* Nois diàmus àer dèpiu
* Bois diàzes àer dèpiu
* Issos/Issas dìan àer dèpiu

### Imperative
#### Present

* Depas (tue!)
* Depat (issu / issa!)
* Depamus (nois!)
* Depazes (bois!)
* Depan (issos / issas!)

#### Future

* As a deper (tue!)
* At a deper (issu / issa!)
* Amus a deper (nois!)
* Azes a deper (bois!)
* An a deper (issos / issas!)

### Infinitive
#### Present

Dèper

#### Past

Áer dèpiu

### Participle

Dèpiu

### Gerund
#### Present

Depende

#### Past

Aènde dèpiu

# Verbs/All the three conjugations
## FIRST CONJUGATION: verbs ending in ~ARE eg: Cantare (to sing / to chant)
### Indicative
#### Present

* Deo cànto
* Tue càntas
* Issu/Issa càntat
* Nois cantàmus
* Bois cantàes
* Issos/Issas càntan

#### Imperfect

* Deo cantàbo
* Tue cantàbas
* Issu/Issa cantàbat
* Nois cantabàmus
* Bois cantabàzes
* Issos/Issas cantàban

#### Present Perfect

* Deo appo cantàu
* Tue as cantàu
* Issu/Issa at cantàu
* Nois amus cantàu
* Bois azes cantàu
* Issos/Issas an cantàu

#### Past Perfect

* Deo aìo cantàu
* Tue aìas cantàu
* Issu/Issa aìat cantàu
* Nois abamus cantàu
* Bois abazes cantàu
* Issos/Issas aìan cantàu

#### Future

* Deo app'a cantàre
* Tue as a cantàre
* Issu/Issa at a cantàre
* Nois amus a cantàre
* Bois azes a cantàre
* Issos/Issas an a cantàre

#### Future Perfect

* Deo app'àer cantàu
* Tue as' àer cantàu
* Issu/Issa at' àer cantàu
* Nois amus' àer cantàu
* Bois azes' àer cantàu
* Issos/Issas an' àer cantàu

### Subjunctive
#### Present

* (Chi) Deo cànte
* (Chi) Tue càntes
* (Chi) Issu/Issa càntet
* (Chi) Nois cantémus
* (Chi) Bois cantézas
* (Chi) Issos/Issas cànten

#### Imperfect

* (Chi) Deo cantàrepo
* (Chi) Tue cantàres
* (Chi) Issu/Issa cantàret
* (Chi) Nois cantarémus
* (Chi) Bois cantarézes
* (Chi) Issos/Issas cantàren

#### Past

* (Chi) Deo appa cantàu
* (Chi) Tue appas cantàu
* (Chi) Issu/Issa appat cantàu
* (Chi) Nois appamus cantàu
* (Chi) Bois appazes cantàu
* (Chi) Issos/Issas appan cantàu

#### Pluperfect

* (Chi) Deo aèrepo cantàu
* (Chi) Tue aères cantàu
* (Chi) Issu/Issa aèret cantàu
* (Chi) Nois aerémus cantàu
* (Chi) Bois aerèzes cantàu
* (Chi) Issos/Issas aèren cantàu

### Conditional
#### Present

* Deo dìo cantàre
* Tue dìas cantàre
* Issu/Issa dìat cantàre
* Nois diàmus cantàre
* Bois diàzes cantàre
* Issos/Issas dìan cantàre

#### Past

* Deo dìo àer cantàu
* Tue dìas àer cantàu
* Issu/Issa dìat àer cantàu
* Nois diàmus àer cantàu
* Bois diàzes àer cantàu
* Issos/Issas dìan àer cantàu

### Imperative
#### Present

* Cànta (tue!)
* Càntet (issu / issa!)
* Cantémus (nois!)
* Cantàe (bois!)
* Cànten (issos / issas!)

#### Future

* As a cantàre (tue!)
* At a cantàre (issu / issa!)
* Amus a cantàre (nois!)
* Azes a cantàre (bois!)
* An a cantàre (issos / issas!)

### Infinitive
#### Present

Cantàre

#### Past

Áer cantàu

### Participle

Cantàu

### Gerund
#### Present

Cantànde

#### Past

Aènde cantàu

## SECOND CONJUGATION: verbs ending in ~ER eg: FÀCHER (to do / to make)
### Indicative
#### Present

* Deo fàco
* Tue fàches
* Issu/Issa fàchet
* Nois fachìmus
* Bois fachìes
* Issos/Issas fàchen

#### Imperfect

* Deo fachìo
* Tue fachìas
* Issu/Issa fachìat
* Nois fachiabàmus
* Bois fachiabàzes
* Issos/Issas fachìan

#### Present Perfect

* Deo appo fàttu
* Tue as fàttu
* Issu/Issa at fàttu
* Nois amus fàttu
* Bois azes fàttu
* Issos/Issas an fàttu

#### Past Perfect

* Deo aìo fàttu
* Tue aìas fàttu
* Issu/Issa aìat fàttu
* Nois abamus fàttu
* Bois abazes fàttu
* Issos aìan fàttu

#### Future

* Deo app' a fàcher
* Tue as a fàcher
* Issu/Issa at a fàcher
* Nois amus a fàcher
* Bois azes a fàcher
* Issos/Issas an a fàcher

#### Future Perfect

* Deo app' àer fàttu
* Tue as' àer fàttu
* Issu/Issa at' àer fàttu
* Nois amus' àer fàttu
* Bois azes' àer fàttu
* Issos/Issas an' àer fàttu

### Subjunctive
#### Present

* (Chi) Deo fàca
* (Chi) Tue fàcas
* (Chi) Issu/Issa fàcat
* (Chi) Nois facàmus
* (Chi) Bois facàzes
* (Chi) Issos/Issas fàcan

#### Imperfect

* (Chi) Deo fachérepo
* (Chi) Tue fachéres
* (Chi) Issu/Issa fachéret
* (Chi) Nois facherémus
* (Chi) Bois facherézes
* (Chi) Issos/Issas fachéren

#### Past

* (Chi) Deo appa fàttu
* (Chi) Tue appas fàttu
* (Chi) Issu/Issa appat fàttu
* (Chi) Nois appamus fàttu
* (Chi) Bois appazes fàttu
* (Chi) Issos/Issas appan fàttu

#### Pluperfect

* (Chi) Deo aèrepo fàttu
* (Chi) Tue aères fàttu
* (Chi) Issu/Issa aèret fàttu
* (Chi) Nois aerèmus fàttu
* (Chi) Bois aerèzes fàttu
* (Chi) Issos/Issas aèren fàttu

### Conditional
#### Present

* Deo dìo fàcher
* Tue dìas fàcher
* Issu/Issa dìat fàcher
* Nois diàmus fàcher
* Bois diàzes fàcher
* Issos/Issas dìan fàcher

#### Past

* Deo dìo àer fàttu
* Tue dìas àer fàttu
* Issu/Issa dìat àer fàttu
* Nois diàmus àer fàttu
* Bois diàzes àer fàttu
* Issos/Issas dìan àer fàttu

### Imperative
#### Present

* Fàche (tue!)
* Fàcat (issu / issa!)
* Facàmus (nois!)
* Fachìe (bois!)
* Fàcan (issos / issas!)

#### Future

* As a fàcher (tue!)
* At a fàcher (issu / issa!)
* Amus a fàcher (nois!)
* Azes a fàcher (bois!)
* An a fàcher (issos / issas!)

### Infinitive
#### Present

Fàcher

#### Past

Áer fàttu

### Participle

Fàttu

### Gerund
#### Present

Fachénde

#### Past

Aènde fàttu

## THIRD CONJUGATION: verbs ending in ~ÌRE eg: FINÌRE (to end / to finish)
### Indicative
#### Present

* Deo fìno
* Tue fìnis
* Issu/Issa fìnit
* Nois finìmus
* Bois finìes
* Issos/Issas fìnin

#### Imperfect

* Deo finìo
* Tue finìas
* Issu/Issa finìat
* Nois finiabàmus
* Bois finiabàzes
* Issos/Issas finìan

#### Present Perfect

* Deo appo finìu
* Tue as finìu
* Issu/Issa at finìu
* Nois amus finìu
* Bois azes finìu
* Issos/Issas an finìu

#### Past Perfect

* Deo aìo finìu
* Tue aìas finìu
* Issu/Issa aìat finìu
* Nois abamus finìu
* Bois abazes finìu
* Issos/Issas aìan finìu

#### Future

* Deo app'a finìre
* Tue as a finìre
* Issu/Issa at a finìre
* Nois amus a finìre
* Bois azes a finìre
* Issos/Issas an a finìre

#### Future Perfect

* Deo app'àer finìu
* Tue as' àer finìu
* Issu/Issa at' àer finìu
* Nois amus' àer finìu
* Bois azes' àer finìu
* Issos/Issas an' àer finìu

### Subjunctive
#### Present

* (Chi) Deo fìna
* (Chi) Tue fìnas
* (Chi) Issu/Issa fìnat
* (Chi) Nois finàmus
* (Chi) Bois finàzes
* (Chi) Issos/Issas fìnan

#### Imperfect

* (Chi) Deo finìrepo
* (Chi) Tue finìres
* (Chi) Issu/Issa finìret
* (Chi) Nois finirémus
* (Chi) Bois finirézes
* (Chi) Issos/Issas finìren

#### Past

* (Chi) Deo appa finìu
* (Chi) Tue appas finìu
* (Chi) Issu/Issa appat finìu
* (Chi) Nois appamus finìu
* (Chi) Bois appazes finìu
* (Chi) Issos/Issas appan finìu

#### Pluperfect

* (Chi) Deo aèrepo finìu
* (Chi) Tue aères finìu
* (Chi) Issu/Issa aèret finìu
* (Chi) Nois aerémus finìu
* (Chi) Bois aerèzes finìu
* (Chi) Issos/Issas aèren finìu

### Conditional
#### Present

* Deo dìo finìre
* Tue dìas finìre
* Issu/Issa dìat finìre
* Nois diàmus finìre
* Bois diàzes finìre
* Issos/Issas dìan finìre

#### Past

* Deo dìo àer finìu
* Tue dìas àer finìu
* Issu/Issa dìat àer finìu
* Nois diàmus àer finìu
* Bois diàzes àer finìu
* Issos/Issas dìan àer finìu

### Imperative
#### Present

* Fìni (tue!)
* Fìnat (issu / issa!)
* Finàmus (nois!)
* Finìe (bois!)
* Fìnan (issos / issas!)

#### Future

* As a finìre (tue!)
* At a finìre (issu / issa!)
* Amus a finìre (nois!)
* Azes a finìre (bois!)
* An a finìre (issos / issas!)

### Infinitive
#### Present

Finìre

#### Past

Áer finìu

### Participle

Finìu

### Gerund
#### Present

Finìnde

#### Past

Aènde finìu

# Verbs/Irregular verbs
## A

* APÈRRER (to open)
          Other verbs such as copèrrer, iscopèrrer etc. are to be conjugated just like this one.
       IND.(PRES.): deo apérjo, tue apéris, issu/-a apérit, nois aperímus, bois aperíes, issos/-as apérin
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo aperío, tue aperías etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo apérja, (chi) tue apérjas etc.
       IMPER.(PRES.): apèri (tue!), aperíe (bois!)
       PART.(PAST): apértu
       GER.(PRES.): aperìnde
* ANDÀRE (to go)
       IMPER.(PRES.): bàe (tue!), bàzze (bois!)

## B

* BÀLER (to be worth)
       IND.(PRES.): deo bàzo, tue bàles, issu/-a bàlet, nois balímus, bois balíes, issos/-as bàlen
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo balío, tue balías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo bàza, (chi) tue bàzas, (chi) issu/-a bàzat, etc.
       IMPER.(PRES.): bàle (tue!), balíe (bois!)
       PART.(PAST): bàfiu
       GER.(PRES.): balénde
* BÈNNER (to come)
          Other verbs such as cumbènner, imbènner, prebènner, etc. are to be conjugated just like this one.
       IND.(PRES.): deo bénzo, tue bénis, issu/-a bénit, nois benìmus, bois beníes, issos/-as bènin
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo benío, tue benías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo bénza, (chi) tue bénzas, (chi) issu/-a bénzat, etc.
       IMPER.(PRES.): béni (tue!), beníe (bois!)
       PART.(PAST): bènniu
       GER.(PRES.): benìnde
* BÍER (to see)
       IND.(PRES.): deo bìo, tue bìes, issu/-a bìet, nois (b)idímus, bois (b)idíes, issos/-as bìen
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo bidío, tue bidías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo bìa, (chi) tue bìas, (chi) issu/-a bìat, etc.
       IMPER.(PRES.): bìe (tue!), (b)idíe (bois!)
       PART.(PAST): bìdu oppure bìstu
       GER.(PRES.): biénde
* BÒLER (to want)
       IND.(PRES.): deo bòzo, tue bòles, issu/-a bòlet, nois bolímus, bois bolíes, issos/-as bòlen
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo bolío, tue bolías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo bòza, (chi) tue bòzas, (chi) issu/-a bòzat, etc.
       IMPER.(PRES.): bòle (tue!), bolíe (bois!)
       PART.(PAST): bòfiu
       GER.(PRES.): bolénde

## C

* CHÉRRER (to want)
       IND.(PRES.): deo chérjo, tue chéres, issu/-a chéret, nois cherìmus, bois cheríes, issos/-as chéren
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo cherío, tue cherías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo chérja, (chi) tue chérjas, (chi) issu/-a chérjat, etc.
       PART.(PAST): chérfiu
       GER.(PRES.): cherénde

## D

* DÀRE (to give)
       IND.(PRES.): deo dào, tue dàes, issu/-a dàet, nois dàmus, bois dàzes, issos/-as dàen
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo dàbo oppure daío, tue dàbas oppure daías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo día, (chi) tue días, (chi) issu/-a díat, (chi) nois diàmus, (chi) bois diàzes, (chi) issos/-as dían
       IMPER.(PRES.): dàe (tue!), dàze (bois!)
* DÉPER (must / to have to)
       Here is the conjugation of this verb in particular.
* DÒLER (to hurt)
       The conjugation is regular, with the exception of PART.(PAST) which is dòrfiu.

## F

* FÉRRER (to wound)
          Other verbs such as offérrer, preférrer, reférrer etc. are to be conjugated just like this one.
       IND.(PRES.): deo férjo, tue féris, issu/-a férit, nois ferìmus, bois feríes, issos/-as férin
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo ferío, tue ferías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo férja, (chi) tue férjas, (chi) issu/-a férjat, etc.
       IMPER.(PRES.): féri (tue!), feríe (bois!)
       PART.(PAST): fértu
       GER.(PRES.): ferìnde

## I

* ISTÈRRER (to extend)
       IND.(PRES.): deo istèrjo, tue isterres, issu/-a isterret, nois isterrímus, bois isterríes, issos/-as isterren
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo isterrío, tue isterrías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo istèrja, (chi) tue istèrjas, (chi) issu/-a istèrjat, etc.
       IMPER.(PRES.): isterre (tue!), isterríe (bois!)

## M

* MANTÈNNER (to maintain)
       This verb is to be conjugated just like TÈNNER, with the exception of the PART.(PAST) which is mantésu.
* MÒRRER (to die)
       IND.(PRES.): deo mòrjo, tue mòris, issu/-a mòrit, nois mòrimus, bois mòríes, issos/-as mòrin
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo morío, tue morías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo mòrja, (chi) tue mòrjas, (chi) issu/-a mòrjat, etc.
       IMPER.(PRES.): mòri (tue!), moríe (bois!)
       PART.(PAST): mòrtu
       GER.(PRES.): morìnde

## N

* NÀRRER (to say)
       This verb is particular, in that it belongs to the second conjugation just for the INF.(PRES.); all of the other moods seem to belong to the first one.
          IND.(PRES.): deo nàro, tue nàras, issu/-a nàrat, nois nàramus, bois nàraes, issos/-as nàran or even deo nàro, tue nàs, issu/-a nàt, nois nàmus, bois nàzes, issos/-as nàn
          IND.(IMPERF.): deo nàbo, tue nàbas, etc.
          SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo nìe, (chi) tue nìes, etc.
          IMPER.(PRES.): nàra (tue!), nàze (bois!)
          PART.(PAST): naràu or even nàu
          GER.(PRES.): narànde or even nànde

## P

* PÀRRER (to seem)
          Other verbs such as appárrer, cumpárrer, iscumpárrer are to be conjugated just like this one.
       IND.(PRES.): deo pàrjo, tue pàres, issu/-a pàret, nois parìmus, bois paríes, issos/-as pàren
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo parío, tue parías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo pàrja, (chi) tue pàrjas, (chi) issu/-a pàrjat, etc.
       PART.(PAST): pàrtu
* PÒDER (can)
       IND.(PRES.): deo pòtto, tue pòdes, issu/-a pòdet, nois podìmus, bois podíes, issos/-as pòden
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo podío, tue podías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo pòda, (chi) tue pòdas, (chi) issu/-a pòdat, etc.
       PART.(PAST): pòttiu
* PÒNNER (to put)
          Other verbs such as cumpònner, dispònner, impònner, propònner etc. are to be conjugated just like this one.
       IND.(PRES.): deo pònzo, tue pònes, issu/-a pònet, nois ponìmus, bois poníes, issos/-as pònen
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo ponío, tue ponías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo pònza, (chi) tue pònzas, (chi) issu/-a pònzat, etc.
       IMPER.(PRES.): pòne (tue!), poníe (bois!)
       PART.(PAST): pòstu
       GER.(PRES.): ponénde

## T

* TÈNNER (to have)
          The following compound verbs are conjugated similarly: astènner, cuntènner, mantènner, trattènner, retènner, sustènner etc.
       IND.(PRES.): deo ténzo, tue ténes, issu/-a ténet, nois tenìmus, bois teníes, issos/-as ténen
       IND.(IMPERF.): deo tenío, tue tenías, etc.
       SUB.(PRES.): (chi) deo ténza, (chi) tue ténzas, (chi) issu/-a ténzat, etc.
       IMPER.(PRES.): téne (tue!), teníe (bois!)
       PART.(PAST): téntu
       GER.(PRES.): tenénde
* TRATTÈNNER (to hold)
       This verb is to be conjugated just like TÈNNER, with the exception of the PART.(PAST) which is trattésu.

## Z
# Interjections

* Ajò ! / archaically: Ajòni ! = Come on!
* Eja! = Yes!
* Emmo! = Yes!
* Alé! = Hooray! / Come on! (different from "Ajò"; "Alé" is more "Hooray" than "Come on")
* Ello...! = So...!
* Uff'! = Phew!
* Mah! =
* Oh...! = [vocative / to call someone, or in formulation of a question]
* Puh! / Putzidda! = Yuck!
* Bo'! = Enough! [often preceded by "puntu e"]
* Tittía! = It's cold! / What a cold! [often followed by da "bette frittu!", "bette astragu!", "su frittu chi b'at!" etc.]
* Pistidda! = [for burning sensation]
* Addolumannu! = Unfortunately! [ followed by the possessive to give references , eg. "addolumannu nostru!" or "unfortunately for us!"]
* Mudu! = Shit up! (to a boy/man)
* Muda! = Shit up! (to a girl/woman)
* Innorobona! = Good luck!
* Innoromala! = Go to hell!
* Arguai! = Woe! (in the sense of "woe betide him who ...")
* Iscuru! = Poor guy!
* Iscura! = Poor girl/woman!
* Pacubene! = [lamentation, sometimes followed by the possessive to give references , eg. "pacubene tuo!"]
* Mamma mea! / Ma' Mea! = Oh my!
* Oddeu'! / Oddé! = Yikes!
* Sa làstima! = What a pity! [often ironic ]
* Mancari! = If only... (literally "Maybe!")
* Malaittu / -a! = Cursed (be you/him/her/it) [sometimes followed by "chi siat / sian"]
* Raju! = Heck!, Wow!
* Archibusada! = Wow!
* Balla! = Wow!
* Bene! = Good!
* Marranu / -a! = [to taunt a victim to a duel]
* Zée...! / Cée...! = [exclamation of surprise, especially negative]

# Colours, months and seasons
## Dies (days)
### Sa chida (the week)

| Sardu | English |
| Lunis | Monday |
| Martis | Tuesday |
| Mércuris | Wednesday |
| Jòbia | Thursday |
| Chenàpura | Friday |
| Sàpadu | Saturday |
| Dumìnica | Sunday |

### Festas (holidays)

| Sardu | English |
| Prima di'e Annu | New Year's Day |
| Pasca de sos tres Res | Epiphany |
| Pasca de Frores | Pentecost/Whitsunday |
| Mes'Agustu | Mid-August/feast of the assumption |
| Pasca 'e Nadale | Christmas |
| Pasca | Easter |

## Meses (months)

| Sardu | English |
| Jannàrju | January |
| Freàrju | February |
| Màrtu | March |
| Aprìle | April |
| Màju | May |
| Làmpadas | June |
| Trìbulas | July |
| Agùstu | August |
| Capidànne | September |
| Santu Gabìne | October |
| Sant'Andrìa | November |
| Nadàle | December |

## Istajones (seasons)

| Sardu | English |
| Berànu | Spring |
| Istíu | Summer |
| Attùnzu | Fall/Autumn |
| Ibèrru | Winter |

## Colores (colours)

| Sardu | English |
| Biancu (archaic: Arbu) | white |
| Nigheddu | black |
| Ruju | red |
| Grogu | yellow |
| Blu | blue |
| Biaitu | azure / sky-blue |
| Birde | green |
| Aranzu | orange |
| Tabachìnu | brown |
| Murru | gray |
| Rosa | pink |