# Old Norse/Adjective Declension

In this chapter, the following concepts are explained:
* strong declension
* weak declension
* present participle and comparative declension
* comparative and superlative formation
Labial mutation (aka. u-umlaut) is marked by an L before the ending.
Front mutation (aka. i-umlaut) is marked by an F before the ending.
Just like nouns, some adjectives inject a -j- or -v- between the stem and the ending, depending on the stems of their Proto-Germanic ancestors (a-, ō-, ja-, jō-, wa- and wō-stems). The distinction between the adjectives which make either or none of the injections is not made in this page.

## Strong declension
### Masculine declension

Strong masculine adjective declension :
| case | singular | plural |
| nominative | -r | -ir |
| genitive | -s, -ar | -ra |
| dative | L -um | L -um |
| accusative | -an | -a |

### Feminine declension

Strong feminine adjective declension :
| case | singular | plural |
| nominative | L -∅ | -ar |
| genitive | -rar | -ra |
| dative | -ri | L -um |
| accusative | -a | -ar |

### Neuter declension

Strong neuter adjective declension :
| case | singular | plural |
| nominative | -t | L -∅ |
| genitive | -s | -ra |
| dative | L -u | L -um |
| accusative | -t | L -∅ |

## Weak declension
### Masculine declension

Weak masculine adjective declension :
| case | singular | plural |
| nominative | -i | L -u |
| genitive | -a | L -u |
| dative | -a | L -um |
| accusative | -a | L -u |

### Feminine declension

Weak feminine adjective declension :
| case | singular | plural |
| nominative | -a | L -u |
| genitive | -u | L -u |
| dative | -u | L -um |
| accusative | -u | L -u |

### Neuter declension

Weak neuter adjective declension :
| case | singular | plural |
| nominative | -a | L -u |
| genitive | -a | L -u |
| dative | -a | L -um |
| accusative | -a | L -u |

## Present participle and comparative declension
### Masculine declension

Masculine present participle and comparative declension :
| case | singular | plural |
| nominative | -i | -i |
| genitive | -a | -i |
| dative | -a | L -um |
| accusative | -a | -i |

### Feminine declension

Feminine present participle and comparative declension :
| case | singular | plural |
| nominative | -i | -i |
| genitive | -i | -i |
| dative | -i | L -um |
| accusative | -i | -i |

### Neuter declension

Neuter present participle and comparative declension :
| case | singular | plural |
| nominative | -a | -i |
| genitive | -a | -i |
| dative | -a | L -um |
| accusative | -a | -i |

## Comparative and superlative formation
### -ari, -astr

Comparative and superlative formation with -ari, --astr :
| positive | comparative | superlative |
| -r | -ari | -astr |

### -ri, -str with front mutation

Comparative and superlative formation with -ri, -str and front mutation :
| positive | comparative | superlative |
| -r | F -ri | F -str |

### Irregularities

Some adjectives had their comparative and superlative forms based on different stems than those of their positive forms.
Comparative and superlative formed from different stems :
| positive | comparative | superlative |
| gamall | ellri | ellztr |
| góðr | betri | beztr |
| illr, vandr | verri | verstr |
| lítill | minni | minnstr |
| margr | fleiri | flestr |
| mikill | meiri | mestr |
Some comparative and superlative forms developed by analogy from positive forms that were adverbs. These positive forms are indicated in parentheses, and do not exist as adjectives, but rather as adverbs.
Comparative and superlative formed from adverb positives by analogy :
| positive | comparative | superlative |
| (aptr) | eptri | epztr, aptastr |
| (fyrir) | fyrri | fyrstr |
| (of) | øfri, efri | øfstr, efstr |
| (út) | ýtri | ýztr |
| (austr) | eystri | austastr |
| (vestr) | vestri | vestastr |
| (norðr) | norðarri | norðastr |
| (suðr) | sunnar | sunnastr |