# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies/William Philip Bechervaise/Notes/1870s
## William Philip Bechervaise - Notes & Transcriptions - 1870s
#### 1870
##### 1870 01

Bechervaise's office struggling with increased business resulting from lowered rates
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . The Telegraph-office, now that cheaper rates have come into play, seems to require more assistance. It will be seen from our mining reports that complaints are made of a too tardy delivery of telegrams.

##### 1870 02

As previous
   PARLIAMENTARY INTELLIGENCE. LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY. Wednesday, 16th February. . . . Mr Jones called the attention of the honorable the Commissioner of Trade and Customs to the serious want of accommodation in transmitting telegrams from Ballarat, and asked if steps would be taken to remedy the evil complained of. He urged the appointment of two additional operators and to make use of the railway circuit. The Hon. Mr Cohen read a communication from the master of the telegraph-station at Ballarat, who said no inconvenience had been experienced by him. Mr Jones said possibly no inconvenience had accrued to the station-master, but there had been to to the public. Mr Dyte furnished a case where a message of his on the previous evening took four hours to deliver. The hon. Postmaster promised to enquire into the matter.

##### 1870 04

Bechervaise's team part of a larger effort to get out a record-sized report, kudos all round
   Our readers may be interested to hear that the telegraphic report of Mr. Michie's speech which appeared in The Argus of yesterday was the longest press message ever transmitted in Victoria. It consisted of 7,440 words, and occupied two of the most skilful operators in the public service exactly four hours in the transmission. This is precisely 31 words per minute, a rate of speed quite unprecedented in the experience of the Victorian Telegraph department, and reflecting the highest credit on the gentlemen employed on the work. We may add that the operators expressed themselves in the highest terms with regard to the excellence of the arrangements of the members of our staff who reported the speech, the rapidity and regularity with which the "copy" was supplied to them, having greatly facilitated the expeditious transmission of the report. Our reporters, in their turn, desire to acknowledge the zealous co-operation of Mr. Bechervaise, the station master at Ballarat, whose services were invaluable in forwarding their work.

##### 1870 05

Bechervaise, now in charge of both post office and telegraph office, announces housekeeping
   TUESDAY, 24th May (the Queen's Birthday), being proclaimed a General Holiday, the following arrangements will be observed in the POST OFFICE and TELEGRAPH DEPARTMENT:— Post Office delivery windows to be open from 9 am. to 10 a.m. The first delivery by letter-carrier only to be effected. All Mails to be received and despatched as usual. Telegraph Offices to be open from 8.30 a.m. to 10 a.m., and from 6 p.m. to 7 p.m. TUESDAY, 24th May (Queen's Birthday), the TELEGRAPH OFFICES will be opened only from 8.30 to 10 a.m., and from 6 to 7 p.m. W. P. BECHERVAISE, Manager. Ballarat, 21st May, 1870.

##### 1870 06

Bechervaise announces arrangements for the long gone Separation Day public holiday, again the usage "J. W. Bechervaise" appears
   ON FRIDAY, 1st JULY (SEPARATION DAY), Telegraph Offices will be open from 8.30 a.m. till 10 a.m., and from 6 p.m. till 7 p.m. J. W. BECHERVAISE, Manager.

##### 1870 07

Bechervaise announces new rates for telegrams to Tasmania
   TELEGRAPH OFFICE. ON and after the 1st of July next, the ADDRESS and SIGNATURE to each Telegraphic Message forwarded by Submarine Cable to Tasmania will not be sent free if, together, they exceed Ten words in length. Any number of words beyond Ten will be charged for as part of the message to be transmitted. J. W. BECHERVAISE, Manager.

##### 1870 08

Telegraph office housekeeping
   TELEGRAPH OFFICE. ON and after the 1st of July next, the ADDRESS and SIGNATURE to each Tele-graphic Message forwarded by Submarine Cable to Tasmania will not be sent free if, together they exceed Ten words in length. Any number of words beyond Ten will be charged for as part of the message to be transmitted. J. W. BECHERVAISE, Manager.

##### 1870 09

Delays in arrival of the California mail steamer cause Bechervaise to make special arrangements
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . As some uncertainty appears to exist as to when news may be expected via San Francisco, we may mention that that mail is not due at Sydney till the 18th inst. To prevent the numerous enquiries which are daily made at the telegraph-office re the arrival of the Californian mail steamer (writes Mr Bechervaise), it hereby notified that the arrival of that vessel will be announced by the hoisting of the Union Jack on the tower at Craig’s Royal hotel, and also at the George hotel.
Intense interest in early reports of the 1870 Franco-Prussian War, telegraph office struggling to keep up with demand
   NEWS AND NOTES. The Royal Mail steamer Malta was sighted off Queenscliff at ten a.m. on Sunday, and landed her mails at noon. We received our files by special express on Sunday night, and this morning we are enabled to give our readers as complete details of the great war as can be obtained from the latest and best sources. Upon such an important and exciting occasion as this we have thought it necessary to spare no expense and no exertion. Once more our good citizens have been filled with excitement, and the "war news" has proved again how far more powerful a great and universal question of public import is to fix the attention than is any mere matter of local difference. Nothing could exceed the wide spread eagerness of the crowd which lined Sturt street, on Saturday last, and probably upon no previous occasion has the mass of people in front of our office been so great, so eager, or so earnest. No sooner was the flag which announces the arrival of the mail hoisted at the Royal and the George hotels, than men began to pour down the street and up the Main road, and concentrated themselves in front of our office. Before they had been waiting half an hour for news, some of the more eager began to grow impatient, and when a telegraph messenger at length appeared, it was with some difficulty that he edged his way through the crowd — willing as the crowd was to make way for him. At four o’clock in the afternoon we were able to get to press with our first edition, and no sooner was it ready for delivery than a dense mass of men crowded into the Star office, and by a pressure which none could withstand were so tightly wedged together that several uplifted hands broke away part of our office fixtures, and one unwilling hand smashed the globe of a gas-burner. Then, as papers were obtained, small knots of men were seen gathering together outside, while one who had secured the coveted news would be reading aloud, amidst the hum of passing comment on the words which told of "— — — fearful musters, and prepar'd defence." At five o'clock we issued a third edition, and as soon afterwards as possible a fourth and a fifth edition. Long after darkness had set in, all well lighted shop windows were beset by clusters of readers of the Star, many straining their eyes with a pain and intensity which evidenced their interest in the great subject about which they were reading. It is needless to remark that our German fellow colonists were affected by the news in a manner somewhat beyond the intensity of ordinary readers, and they with reasonable exultation, but with good taste, retired to celebrate the success of their countrymen, in draughts which were quaffed within the shade of host Henkel’s bar or in the inner recesses of the rooms of other German hostelries. Frenchmen in the crowd were not numerous, but this we can say, that wherever they were, there was little done or said to hurt their pride, beyond the fact of reading out the news of their great defeats. In the main, however, the feeling was one of gladness that the Prussians had been victorious, and it did not fail to present itself to the observation of the great majority of those who commented on the war, that of the two contending parties Prussia would use her victories to better purpose and with most humanity. It would be noticed that many errors appeared in the telegrams as issued by us on Saturday, but we deemed it better to satisfy the craving for news, with celerity rather than with the nicest accuracy. Today all the discrepancies are cleared up, and some passages which on Saturday might have mystified the reader, are today made plain. The telegraph department here is so absurdly unfitted for a pressure of labor, such as a long message entails upon it, that we cannot but express our thanks to Mr Bechervaise and his staff for so admirably performing a heavy duty with such readiness and ability.
As previous
   Yesterday we complained that, in consequence of the Ballarat and Geelong railway being hermetically sealed against traffic on Sunday, the letters and papers by the English mail steamer could not reach Ballarat until half-past ten o'clock on Monday, and that one consequence of this delay would be that the residents of a large number of towns west, southwest, and north of Ballarat would not get their correspondence for twenty-four hours afterwards, or on Tuesday, as the coaches leave every midnight. The justice of our complaint has since been admitted on all sides, and there can be no doubt we shall have much indignation expressed by the unfortunate people up country who are the victims of this delay. On such an occasion a special train should immediately have been put on the line, as was once done between Geelong and Melbourne, and the mail bags sent through for delivery early on Monday morning, instead of being placed under lock and key for some eighteen hours. This is the practice adopted in every part of the globe where civilisation has been extended to, and it is not a little discreditable that this colony should form the only exception to the rule. The delay in despatching the letters, however, was not the only curious feature of last Sunday's proceedings. A resident of Ballarat having a deep interest in the arrival of the mail steamer off the Heads, went to the telegraph office shortly after the Malta was signalled, and endeavored to send a message through to Geelong. Mr Bechervaise very courteously tried to "raise" Geelong, and failing once and twice, tried a third, fourth, and fifth time, but without the slightest result as there was no one in the Geelong office. The same gentleman subsequently tried the railway line with precisely the same effect. Now we can scarcely conceive a greater act of stupidity on the part of the Geelong clerks than to be absent from their offices at such a critical time; and we think it would well become the Government to issue special instructions to the operators at the different telegraph offices to be in attendance at their instruments for an hour or two after the arrival of the mail steamer has been telegraphed off the Heads, supposing she arrives on a Sunday. On any other day they would be there as a matter of course. This concession to the public would be a very slight one to make; but its importance to some people in the colony would often be immense. To hermetically close both the railway line and the telegraph offices when the steamer is landing her mails, seems to us to be the most stupendous piece of folly conceivable. Such a despotic proceeding might be excusable amongst Thakomban's subjects; but here, in Victoria, it is simply contemptible and unjust.

##### 1870 10

Another mail steamer eagerly awaited
   NEWS AND NOTES. We are, by Mr J. W. Bechervaise, manager of the Electric Telegraph-station, Ballarat, requested to state that the arrival of the mail steamer (via California) at Sydney will be notified to the public in the usual manner, by the hoisting of the Union Jack on the towers of Craig's and the George hotels.
The Governor's arrival causes confusion as signalled by the same flags as for the mail steamers
   Confusion on Governor's Arrival. We are again this morning without intelligence of the arrival of the Californian mail steamer at Sydney. While on this subject, we may add that a great deal of confusion was caused yesterday afternoon by the hoisting of flags at Craig's and the George hotel in honor of the Governor's visit. Mr Bechervaise had arranged that these flags should be hoisted the moment the arrival of the City of Melbourne was reported from Sydney; and therefore when they appeared yesterday afternoon on their flagstaffs the general impression was that the mail steamers had been signalled. The newspaper offices were put to a great deal of inconvenience by this little matter, and enquiries for extraordinaries lasted all the afternoon. Of course no one is blameable for the flags being hoisted, as the presence of the Governor in Ballarat justified the step taken. The inconvenience called by it is, however, worth mentioning, if only to prevent people at a distance from being led astray by any report which may have reached them similar to that which prevailed in the town all the afternoon.
Proposed solution to previous problem
   Hospital Tower. The hospital authorities would confer a boon upon the public in these piping hot times of war, if they would arrange for hoisting a flag on the hospital tower when the California and Suez mails arrive. A flag at the staff on the tower would be visible over nearly the whole city. It is by far the best site in the city for a flag, and we hope the ready courtesy of Mr Bechervaise in such matters will be henceforth utilised by the hospital authorities for the public benefit.

##### 1870 11

Bechervaise announces that telegraph office at Walhalla is now open
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise, telegraph manager, Ballarat, informs us that the telegraph office at Walhalla was opened for business on Thursday.
Hospital agrees the Ballarat Star proposal to fly flags for its tower upon arrival of the mails
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . We some time ago offered a suggestion to the committee of management of the district hospital for utilising the tower of the building by hoisting flags upon it at the arrival of the mails, so that all the in-habitants of Ballarat may immediately know of events so important in these times of war as the arrivals of instalments of news from Europe. We are now glad to be able to inform the public that the hospital authorities have taken the matter in hand, and that, when the Californian mail arrives, Mr Bechervaise will communicate with the hospital authorities at once, when a union jack will be run up to the top of the mast. A flag, with R.M. in a white field, will be hoisted on the arrival of the Suez mail. The president of the hospital is to procure the flags in time for use when next they are required. The public will be very much benefited by the action taken.
Bechervaise's brother Edward Price Bechervaise (then in Royal Navy, later immigrant to Geelong) elected to a committee to manage a relief fund for the widows and children of the HMS Captain disaster
   THE LOSS OF H.M.S. CAPTAIN. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Sir, By the Mail this afternoon, I received the inclosed appeal on behalf of the widows and families of the officers and men who perished in H.M. late ship Captain. The details of this appalling accident by which Captain Hugh T. Burgoyne, V.C.; Captain Coles, C.B.; and nearly 500 officers and men lost their lives, are now generally known to the public. May I, through the influence of your journal, kindly request the assistance of the New South Wales community, whoso liberality to, and sympathy with, the Navy on all occasions, has deservedly won the gratitude of all connected with the Service. Hugh Burgoyne was one of our most rising men, and his loss will be severely felt by the whole profession, as also that of Captain Coles, whose untiring zeal in endeavouring to carry out his invention cost him his life. Subscriptions will be thankfully received by Mr. Underhill, at 46, Phillip-street, up to the departure of the Clio, on 1st proximo, and by Captain Middleton, Commissariat, after that date. I have the honour to be, Sir, your most obedient servant, J. H. STIRLING, Commodore. H.M.S. Clio, at Sydney, 25th November. "At a meeting of officers held at the Royal Naval College, Portsmouth, on the 13th September, 1870, when Admiral Sir James Hope, G.C.B., was appointed president, and at which a large and influential number of the Royal Navy were present, Captain George Hancock, R.N., of H.M.S. Duke of Wellington, was voted to the chair, "It was resolved,— That the following officers should form a committee for the purpose of raising a fund for the relief of the widows and relatives of those who perished in the appalling accident which befel her Majesty's late ship Captain, when in company with the Channel Squadron, off Cape Finisterre, on the morning of the 7th September, 1870, by which Captain Hugh Talbot Burgoyne, V.C., R.N., Captain Cowper Phipps Coles, N.N., and nearly 500 officers, men, and boys, lost their lives — . . . Mr. E. P. Bechervaise, R.N.; . . . Henry Kirkham, Esq., hon. sec.; to be called the "Captain Relief Fund Committee." "That the above members, the commanders-in-chief and captains of her Majesty's ships on the home and foreign stations, together with the bankers and agents in the United Kingdom, be requested to receive subscriptions in aid of the bereaved families by this sad catastrophe. . . .

##### 1870 12
#### 1871
##### 1871 03

New telegraph office for Ballarat ready for business
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . The Electric Telegraph Office will be opened for business in the new public buildings on Monday. The entrance to the lobby and receiving window is under the Post-office colonnade near the money-order office. There is no admittance for the public in Lydiard street.
New Ballarat telegraph office ready for commencement
   BALLARAT. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) FRIDAY, March 10. . . . The new telegraph office, adjoining and forming part of the same range of buildings as the Post-office and Treasury, is just finished, and the wires are all ready laid to be connected with the instruments to-morrow night, when possession of the new premises will be taken by Mr. Bechervaise, the local master. The new office is very neatly fitted up, and has all the most recent improvements for disconnexions and protection against lightning. Arrangements are also made to prevent the messengers knowing the purport of the messages they deliver, as all the messages in future will be given to them in closed envelopes. On Monday morning business will be commenced in the new offices.
Lovely detailed description of the technical workings of the new Ballarat telegraph office
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . The new Electric Telegraph-office in connection with the Post-office, is to be opened today for business. The old telegraph office, has been found far too small, and very inconvenient for some time past and the occupation of the new building will be a source of satisfaction to the officials and to the public. The public room of the new office, is reached from the Post-office colonnade, and in this room is the receiving window through which telegrams are passed to the receiving clerk into the operating room. This is a fine apartment, the dimensions of which we have already given in a description of the new building. In this room the four recording instruments are placed. They are constructed on the American principle, and the message is printed by electricity on a ribbon of paper which passes through the recorder, in cipher characters. Over each recorder is a lightning arrester, which conducts the lightning to the earth and prevents it damaging the instruments, while all communication on any particular line can be immediately cut off by the simple turning of a small catch or "switch." Each of the recording instruments is worked by a small battery, independent of those used in the transmission of messages. In another room are the four batteries, working the four Melbourne wires, the four going to Beaufort, Creswick, Lintons, and Buninyong, and one used by the Railway Department. Each of these batteries consists of thirty cells, or glass jars filled with sulphuric acid and water, into each of which hangs a piece of zinc and platinum. These are connected with the wires. The batteries are taken down and renewed or cleaned once a month. The messengers now have a room to themselves, and the messages are only seen by the despatch clerk, a great improvement on the former system. The portions of the new building to be used for a sub-treasury and land office will be occupied as soon as furniture is procured.
The Ballarat Courier slower to report on the new telegraph office, but even more detailed
   THE NEW TELEGRAPH OFFICE. In appropriating the west wing of the Post Office, which has been only recently completed, to the purposes of the Electric Telegraph Office, the Government have evinced a disposition to cede a measure of justice to Ballarat, and to recognise the importance of the local branch of the department. The old Telegraph Office, situated in Lydiard street, had long been found unsuitable. In an architectural point of view it was an eyesore; while, as regarded the public, it was found from the first most inconvenient and totally inadequate for the proper transaction of business. The exterior was unsightly, and the interior incommodious and badly lighted, so that the transfer of the office to the new building cannot but be proportionately gratifying to the officials and the public generally. The lobby or room in which the telegrams intended for despatch are written is situated at the south-west angle of the building, and is entered from the colonnade. This apartment is lofty and well lighted, being about 15 feet square, and fitted up with a ledge of ample extent, so as to afford every accommodation for writing. A large shipping case, composed of polished cedar, occupies the centre of the room. To the right on entering is the receiving window looking into the operators' room. This is a large apartment, the dimensions being about 70 feet in length and 25 in width, lofty, and lighted by three semi-circular topped windows, looking into Lydiard street. The wires are introduced from outside, at the most northerly window, and connected with the instruments, of which there are five, fixed to a long table of highly polished cedar running the greater length of the apartment. The instruments are constructed upon the American or Morse's principle, which combines to an astonishing degree all the requirements of speed and accuracy. The batteries with which they are connected are erected in an anteroom. Here the electrical current is generated by means of glass cells or jars completely insulated. There are forty to each instrument. These cells are filled with sulphuric acid and water, in which is immersed a piece of platinum and zinc. The various cells are arranged on shelves, and are connected by wires with the main wire communicating with the instrument. The process of telegraphing appears extremely simple, but to become a good operator there is required not only considerable intelligence, but a certain amount of natural adaptability. A long ribbon of paper passes through the instrument, and on this are slightly punctured the cypher marks embodying the telegraphic message. The punctures, or rather indentations, are imparted to the surface of the revolving ribbon by a key that is raised and lowered in such a manner as to produce the effect desired. The words are written by a sort of stenography. For instance, a dot preceding a horizontal stroke indicates the letter A; and by varying the number and position of the dots, together with the length of the stroke, an entire alphabet is constructed. This seems complicated, but the reverse is the fact: the operator, if at all expert, being able to forward words at the rate of thirty-five a minute, with almost unerring accuracy. Over each instrument is a lightning arrester, which has the effect of preventing the ingress of lightning and the possible destruction of the machine, the current being turned off in another direction, by simply moving a catch or "switch." When not turned off, the lightning is conducted down a wire, which, descends into the ground. By a similar description of catch, the communication can be opened with or severed from the other telegraph stations. It is intended to erect two additional instruments for the purposes of a special line between Ballarat and Beaufort, and Ballarat and Creswick, some complaints having been made as to the want of sufficient facilities for telegraphing to and from those places and their immediate neighborhood. At the end of the operators room is a small apartment for the use of the messengers, who receive the telegrams enveloped through a small window, thus shutting them off from the interior of the office. This is a considerable improvement upon the system which formerly prevailed. The fittings and furniture of the office are very superior, and have been erected or furnished under the immediate supervision of the telegraph master, Mr Bechervaise, who certainly deserves well of the Government and the public, on the one hand, owing to his long and faithful service, inasmuch as we believe he is one of the oldest civil servants in Ballarat, and on the other, from his uniform courtesy and diligence in the discharge of his onerous and important duties.

##### 1871 05

The impending completion of a new town high point is another opportunity for Bechervaise's mail announcements
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . At the suggestion of Mr Bechervaise, the arrival of the English mail will be signalled from the town-hall tower as soon is it is finished.

##### 1871 09

Several telegraph offices now open for business on Sundays
   TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION ON SUNDAYS. On and after Sunday, 24th September, telegraphic communication will be available between the following stations:— Melbourne, Geelong, Ballarat, Queenscliff, Castlemaine, Sandhurst, Echuca, Beechworth, Maryborough, Warrnambool, Belfast, and Portland, from 9.30 to 10 p.m. Press messages, or private messages relating to sickness, death, and arrival or departure of friends by land or sea, will be transmitted and received. The Minimum Rate of Charge is — Private messages, 2s 6d, for 28 words or under; Press messages, 2s 6d, for 58 words or under; ordinary rates for every additional word. A box will be fixed at the Telegraph-office door, labelled "Telegram box, to be cleared at 9.30 p.m. Sundays." The fee for messages is to be enclosed with telegram. A distinct address and signature is to be placed on each telegram. Further information on the subject may be obtained on weekdays at any telegraph office in Victoria. WM. P. BECHERVAISE, Manager. Electric Telegraph Office, Ballarat, 21st September, 1871.

##### 1871 12

Bechervaise and two sons holidaying in Tasmania
   SHIPPING INTELLIGENGE. HOBSON'S BAY. . . . CLEARED OUT.— DEC. 8. . . . Tamar, s.s., 308 tons, W. H. Saunders, for Launces-ton. Passengers: cabin — Mr. and Mrs. Turner, Mrs. Wrixon, Mrs. Walker, Mr. and Mrs. Ayre, Mr. and Miss Auld, Mr. and Mrs. A. Scott, Mr. and Mrs. Stephens, Mr. and Mrs. Candy, Messrs. Richards, Bechervaise, Hammond, Goode, Hullingen, G. Danier, Abrahams, Gomm, Lipscombe, Henry G. Scott, jun., Masters Bechervaise (two); and five in the steerage. Hudson and Watkins agents.
As previous
   Shipping Intelligence. ARRIVALS. Dec. 9.— Steamship Tamar, 308 tons, W. H. Saunders, from Melbourne; G. Fisher, agent. Passengers — Miss Florence Browne, Miss Auld, Mrs Walker, Mrs Wrixon, Mr and Mrs Stephens, Mr and Mrs A. Scott, Mr and Mrs Turner, Mr and Mrs Candy, Mr and Mrs Ayre, Messrs. Scott, Auld, Henry, Bechervaise and 2 sons, Hammond, Abrahams, Hulling-ham, Damer, Good, Gomm, Richards, Lips-combe, Johnson; 16 steerage. . . .

#### 1872
##### 1872 01

Bechervaise and two sons return from Tasmanian holiday
   SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. HOBSON'S BAY. . . . ARRIVED.— Dec. 30. . . . Southern Cross, T.S.N. Co.'s s.s., 342 tons, E. Lucas, from Hobart Town 28th ult. Passengers — saloon: Rev. R. D. P. Harris and Mrs. Harris, Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Paterson, Mr. and Mrs. Lawaon, Mr. and Mrs. Stephens, Mr. and Mrs Chamberlain, Mrs. C. Allison and Miss Allison, Miss Fairley, Miss Dowdell, Miss James, Miss Thomas, Miss Kilburn and Masters Kilburn (2), Capt. Pascoe, R.N.; Messrs. Travers, Walpole, J. Hughston, Mulligan, W. P. Bechervaise, Masters Bechervaise (2), Messrs Bellin; Harris, and 8 in the steerage. Hudson and Watkins, agents.
Bechervaise's son Herbert does well in Competitive Exam
   Government Advertisements. Education Office, 4th January, 1872 THE following LIST, showing the result of the COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION for exhibitions, open to pupils in Common Schools, held in December, 1871, is published for general information. The eight boys whose names appear at the head of the list are the successful candidates. No candidates will benefit by the result until a certificate of his age from the registrar of the district be furnished, in case he was born in Victoria; or, in case he was born elsewhere, a statutory declaration as to the place and date of birth his father or guardian. By order of the Board of Education, R. F. KANE, Secretary. Maximum number of marks, 680. No. Name. No. of Marks. No. of School. Name of School. . . . 43. Bechervaise, Herbert 228 424 Mount Pleasant
Belated report of Bechervaise's departure from Hobart after brief visit with two sons
   Shipping. . . . PORT OF HOBART TOWN.— Dec. 28, passengers per s.s. Southern Cross, for Melbourne — Mrs and Miss Allison, Mr W., Miss and Master Kilburn, Mr Bechervaise and two sons, Master Halmes, Rev. R. D. Poulett-Harris and Mrs Harris, Mr and Mrs Law-son, Mr and Mrs Stephens, Captain Pascoe, R.N., Mr Mulligan, Mr. G. Hughston, Miss Dowdell, Miss Thomas, Miss Chamberlain, Master F. Belbin, Miss James, Miss Farley, Mr and Mrs Paterson; 5 steer-age.
A former operator for Bechervaise dies in the construction of the Overland Telegraph
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Kraagen, who recently died for want of water on the line of the overland telegraph from South Australia, was formerly a member of the telegraph staff, under Mr Bechervaise, in Ballarat. He was a good operator, and took so large an interest in telegraph matters that he placed himself under Mr Todd, the able director of telegraphs for South Australia, and, as has been seen, perished in the performance of his duty.

##### 1872 02

Bechervaise announces the opening of the Emerald Hill telegraph office
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . We are informed by Mr Bechervaise, telegraph master, Ballarat, that telegraphic communication is now established with Emerald Hill.
Benefit for the orphan children of Bechervaise's former staffer
   The Late Mr. C. Kraegen.— On Monday evening an entertainment was given by some of our German fellow-colonists at the National Hotel, Pirie-street, for the benefit of the orphan children of the late Mr. C. Kraegen, a Telegraph-master, who died on the overland line while en route for his station. About 300 persons were present at the performance, amongst them many English people. The programme opened with an overture spiritedly played by the Concordia Band. A lady then spoke an appropriate prologue. After this followed a one-act drama by Theodor Korner, entitled "Die Suhne." The dramatis personae who were three in number, went through their parts with eclat, showing that they had thoroughly studied their task. After an interval "Love's Request," sung by an English lady, was so well rendered that an encore was demanded, and in response "Only" was sweetly presented. The "Sleeping Duet" from "Il Trovatore" was effectively given by two German ladies. Then the mirth-provoking "Sneezing Song" was produced by an English amateur, who caused even more amusement by his rendering of "Nobody's Child." A duet from "Figaro" was excellently given, and it was redemanded. The proceedings closed with a side-splitting farce called "Ein gebildeter Hausknecht," in which the performers acquitted themselves very creditably. The affair was decidedly successful throughout, and at the end vociferous calls were given for the stage manager, but he did not appear.
The full report of the circumstances of the passing of Bechervaise's former staffer C. W. J. Kraegen in the S. A. Register
   THE OVERLAND TELEGRAPH ROUTE. No. VIII. By Central Australian. The country from the Charlotte Waters north-ward thus far is decidedly better than anything seen yet; but it is unfortunately badly watered in dry seasons, and liable to be very wet in others. The soil is almost all sand, of a saffron colour, and its depth ranges from six inches to as many feet. This sand forms into ridges part of the way, say from 60 miles north of Charlotte Waters, one succeeding another for a distance of about 50 miles. Through this soil the pulling is terribly heavy and the progress correspondingly slow, but there is some compensation for the sandy monotony in the improved appearance of the country. At nearly 100 miles from Charlotte Waters the River Finke is joined by the Hugh, and the road leaves the course of the former for the latter, which it continues to follow and cross repeatedly. At this time of the year both are dry, but it is believed that water can be had in either at any low-lying point by digging a foot or two. Running into these rivers on each side are beautifully well-grassed gullies abounding in shrubs of varied size and description, also with fine sheaoak and stunted pine-trees. These gullies, ending as they generally do at the river bank, seem to lead the traveller in all instances direct from the upland of sand to a verdant forest, for the gums that grow along the banks end the view, forming a charming sylvan picture. The shrubs hereabout flower profusely, and as the various blossoms have a nice scent it is quite a pleasure to travel amongst them. There are violet, orange, pale blue, pink, yellow, purple, lavender, and lilac blossoms at every step, and as they contrast with every variety of green the effect is lovely. Of course we have mulga, myall, and wattle, also what some of the travellers decide on calling native orange; but it is a perfect pomegranate, and although not just now quite ripe, the fruit is well formed, and ought not to be mistakable. At present the fruit is about the size of hen eggs, but quite green; it has the smell of chlorodyne and the usual sweet-bitter taste. The native orange is altogether different from this, which already shows the purple pomegranate pips inside the skin. At a place where the Alice Creek joins the Hugh River were found two holes dug, and whilst camped one night was received the mail from Adelaide with papers of November 25. The bag had been sent on to overtake us from Charlotte Waters. This night there arrived a team from the North going down country, and enquiries were made of the persons with the dray for one of our party who had been lost sight of for over a week, but they had not seen or heard aught of him, nor could we by any means find out where he was; meantime the party pushed ahead, making as good use of the time as possible. When about four or five miles from Rocky Camp, on the Hugh, and almost abreast of Mount Burrell, a horse in one of the teams received a sunstroke, and within an hour was dead. The heat was intense, but in the evening a fine thunderstorm and shower cooled the air a little for a brief period. Two days later it rained again, and the following day more showers fell. These are doing much good in keeping the grass fresh, but I am afraid there was not enough rain to replenish the water in the holes and creeks, which seem to be drying rapidly. At Rocky Camp a snake, which was over five feet in length and had a good-sized rat inside, was killed, and one of the party skinned the reptile, intending to make a belt. The skin was beautifully marked, and this being the time that snakes appear to best advantage, it shines brilliantly in the sun. At Minnie's Creek the company camped in one of the prettiest natural basins ever seen. It is completely surrounded by low grassy hills, the herbage is green, and water is abundant in a fine rocky pool close at hand, whilst all around the blossoming shrubs looked their very best, and glittered like countless diamonds in the setting sun. We camped; it was just after a shower, and the general effect was grand. A Terrible Journey. The relation of an unfortunate and disastrous affair now comes, and it seems best to give the facts as they were told by one of the persons concerned. He said:— On, or about the 2nd of this month, whilst we were all at Charlotte Waters, anxiously awaiting the arrival of drays that were expected daily with battery material, we had to fit up before proceeding. It was decided by Mr. Clarke, who is in charge of the telegraphic operators, that as the 31st was rapidly approaching, and as the operators for Stations Nos. 2, 3, and 4 were respectively 250, 450, and 650 miles or so from their stations, it would be advisable that the three should push on ahead of the main body, and by forced march reach each one his station before January 1, 1872, to be prepared to work should the line be ready. Good horses would be supplied, of course, and fresh ones could be had in exchange to go on from No. 2. He reckoned that at 30 miles a day, and a push on the 8th, after starting, the officers could make Station No. 2 by the evening of the 12th, Station No. 3 on the 20th, and Station No. 4 on the 28th, the start to be made from Charlotte Waters on De-cember 4. We got the route written out, eight days' provisions packed on a horse, three swags on another, and each man mounting his horse said good-by, and in high spirits left. We made the Goyder that night, and camped. This was the first stated stopping-place, and is 30 miles from Charlotte Waters. We had had to thrash one, apparently the better of the pack-horses, to get him to the camp in time. On the 5th we made the first crossing of the Finke after a deal of trouble with that same nag, and it was now made clear that he could not go the stages. We had made about 29 miles, and had to go 33 on the morrow. On the 6th we had trouble all the way, and had to go very slowly, when we ought to have travelled a shade faster; and near sunset we found ourselves at a place where the track went to the left of the line down a gully that evidently went to the creek. We followed this track about five miles, at say barely two miles an hour. The pack-horse absolutely refused to stir, when we removed his pack to a saddle-horse and walked ahead, leaving the useless brute behind. About half a mile further the Hugh was reached at a place where it was per-fectly dry, and we had to go thirsty to bed. In the morning, whilst two packed up and loaded the horses, a third went to find the animal we left behind on the previous night; but the horse had not been too tired to travel off, and was therefore nowhere to be found. As we had no time to hunt up a lazy useless brute, and knew he would be sure to make to the water, where the party coming up behind would find him, we started, and having found a pool up the Hugh about two miles we breakfasted, and rearranged the loading. The solitary pack horse had to carry the load, also the saddle of the other beast, and each of us took his swag on in front. By this means we carried all the things, intending at the first good camp to leave any surplus, such as the extra pack-saddle, &c., for the wagons behind to pick up. About 5 o'clock we arrived at the junction of the Hugh and Alice Creek, and as it was set down in the directions that water could also be got eight miles from this point, it was deter-mined to push on a little further. We camped that night without water, and, making an early start, got to the supply ahead for breakfast. We had ridden only about 20 miles, and were not content with this slow progress. It would have been better had we stayed at the Alice and Hugh altogether. Just after sunrise on December 8 we left the camp, and made for water. Our hearts were as light as the morning was beautiful, and we pushed on steadily; first one and then another singing snatches of this or that song, until it struck us we had certainly gone fully the distance we ought to have travelled, and we began looking about. By this time the sun was very warm. The horses felt it severely, and so did we, especially as we had not yet had break-fast. We examined the track carefully for the leading-off one that was to take us to the water. We hunted for that, followed track after track, and with every every fresh disappointment the desire for what we sought seemed to increase intensely; at the same time it became evident that the horses were getting distressed. The empty pack-saddle was taken off the pack-horse and stuck in a tree with a note attached, and off we went again, but had not gone far when a saddle-horse laid down in the road. This was convincing proof that the horses were becoming knocked up, and every likely place was tried for the only thing that would relieve them and set ourselves up again. Therefore we continued pushing on as well as we could, and oh, joy! came to a tree in a creek on which was read in letters punctured in tin and affixed there the announcement that water was to be had at the junction of that creek and the Hugh, about a mile from that spot; the next water by the road ten miles, or what we took to be such. Off we sped down the creek. What to us was a mile of hot sand and pebbles now — we would have water in a few minutes, and all would be well. We got to the place, looked at the hole, found it dry, dry; went down the Hugh in the hot sand and blazing sun, but gave that up, and returned. We dug with hands, tomahawks, knives — we had no shovel — but still no water could be got, and the terrible disappointment made all now feel the want much more than would have been the case but for being assured by the punctured tin announcement that water was to be had there about; besides, the efforts in the scorching white sand, walking in it to a depth of six inches, digging as far as our arms would reach, perspiring and choking, had thoroughly exhausted two of us to such an extent that we had to lie down and rest. Then the question arose, "what are we to do?" It was getting late; we had certainly now 11 miles to go for water, with a doubt of getting it then, as it also was said to be in the Hugh, and the two of us who worked were now absolutely exhausted. After much debate it was determined to follow up the channel of the Hugh, which took a course a little west of that followed by the road, and try for water at any likely spot. Away, then, through the hot sand, to and fro, first to one place on the east side, then back over a hundred yards of sand to what appeared a certainty on the west, but still upward and still unsuccessful, until the Hugh turned too far westward, and we determined to leave it, cut the track, and follow it to water if we could. Taking an obtuse angle, by about 5 o'clock we struck the telegraph line, and the two who had worked in the sand being now thoroughly "done up" lay on the ground. The proposal was made that as the pack-horse was in need of a spell, the saddle-horse that had succumbed before could now hardly travel, two of us were really knocked up, and as the water could not surely be over five or six miles off at furthest, the third man should take his own and the other comparatively fresh saddle-horse, and with three water-bags proceed at his best speed. There was, it seemed, time to get to the water before dark, and the return was easy either by road or line. Besides, the third member of the party was really fresh, and being the lightest would affect the horses the least. The proposition was "jumped at;" away he went promising to be back soon, and we meantime felt assured that the rest would serve the two tired horses that remained, and enable them to go on after all had a drink. We waited, thirsted, and still waited through many hours of a very close warm night, but still no water came, and as patience had run out when the moon rose we packed up, and leading the horses started on foot after the messenger. It would be impossible briefly to tell all the speculations made and discussed to account for his non-return. He had abandoned us! He had lost his horses! He had lost his way! But, horror of horrors, he had not found water! These with many other surmises arose, and none had any comfort in them for us, who were now almost speechless and helpless for want of a drink. We made little progress; the horses travelled slowly, and we had often to lie down, put our nostrils close to the ground, and thereby obtain a breath of comparatively cool air — a thing we could not get whilst walking. The sun rose red; no doubt the sight was grand — the god of day in all his majesty and by his glorious light obliterating the effect of the pale moon and still paler stars; but we had no eye for the beautiful in nature this morning. We felt rather that the weather prognostications of old people, who tell us that "a red sunrise means a hot day," were likely to be realized to our particular disadvantage; and it was so, for a hotter day it would be almost folly to desire or seek. We got to a creek at last, and this must certainly be the "Rocky Creek" of the written directions it was thought, for we had now certainly come far more than 10 miles from that notice on the tree. How gladly we hailed the creek; how willingly admitted that it was very "rocky," although the largest rock seen would have satisfied a rabid macadamist, and gone clean through a two and a half inch ring; but it was "Rocky Creek" surely. We followed down — how far cannot be said — then left the creek and sought elsewhere, but got no water; and as ever and anon we had to get back to the road in case the messenger with the water should have returned, we wearied ourselves going to and fro, and, although travelling much, did not go far, and so Saturday passed away. On Sunday we could hardly stir. What I had been doing at intervals I cannot say, but I think my dreadful giddiness then and deafness now to be in some way the result of the sufferings then experienced for want of water, and my companion says I talked an awful lot of "bosh." I am sure he did — "gabbled" is the word — unintelligibly, and laughed occasionally, but somehow we managed to try again for water in the creek — it must be there — and so at it we went again on Sunday morning, wearing finger nails off and drawing blood from the fingers until our want of success left but one resource — one horse might be shot, and its blood would help us to make an effort to get on. We shot a horse — the weakest — and having got what we desired from that source, again sought the road and rested. We had a good supply of liquid now — a quart-potful each — and might rest a little before starting, and we did. At last when we had partly emptied our quarts, and had to violently shake what remained before we could make any part of it liquid, we joined our strength and put on the pack-saddle, with some bread, tea, and sugar only, and getting on the top of all, let the horse go. Neither tasted food from Thursday night, the 7th — could not swallow if we had tried — and were too weak to guide the horse, which had only a halter on; therefore he did much as he liked, and as he chose to take us in the way we wanted to go, why, we let him, or rather, he took us. How hot it was! The sun poured down upon us, and I really thought we should never get over the plain!; but we did. We sat and suffered; the poor horse crawled, and doubtless also suffered. He seemed to go at the rate of about half a mile an hour — he could not have gone a mile an hour — but whether one or the other it seemed an eternity before we got to the timber. On we crawled, until on rising a bank we saw the bed of the Hugh once more. The horse pricked up his ears, mended his pace, reached the steep rocky bank, and of a sudden (thank the Lord !) we saw water — a small pool 18 inches by 30, and only a foot deep; but water. Down the steep hill we went, got off the horse's back somehow, and simultaneously man and beast plunged into the blessed liquid to satisfy an appalling thirst that had lasted from 8 o'clock on Friday morning, December 8, until about 2 p.m. on the Sunday following. And now the question what had become of our companion arose. We could not tell, of course, nor could we find strength all at once to try to discover. We rested the balance of that day, eating nothing, but "swigging" water like a couple of dissipated fishes. On Monday, the 11th, we determined that as we could not go forward we would go back and meet the wagons. If our companion had gone out, he would be all right; if he had gone back, it was our duty to follow and help him, and, failing to find him, give the alarm at least. Monday was, however, lost, because we had to manufacture a water-bag; and to do that it was necessary to get at one of the swags in which was some canvas. The swags and packs were therefore brought forward; we then found that we had travelled about four miles the previous day. The bag was made, and filled with water to soak it, and on Tuesday, having first planted our companion's swag and some bread, and posted a proper direction on a place he would be sure to see should he come there, and secured everything carefully, off we went for the Alice and Hugh, a distance of about 34 miles. We led our horse and walked all the way. At the creek we found we had read 16 for 10 miles, and thus misled our selves. We arrived at the Alice that same night about half-past 8 o'clock, very tired indeed. We could not proceed next day. The liquid we had drunk was causing pains; we were stiff after the long walk; also we expected the wagons next night, so we waited Wednesday and Thursday; but feeling better on Friday, packed up, and seeing that the wagons would not come to us, started to go to them. One of us had so injured a foot on Tuesday's journey that it was found necessary to put him on the top of the pack, and in this order off we went for the old depot No. 2, where we arrived in about six hours, after walking through 16 miles of sand, just in time to see some of the other party arriving from the opposite direction. They had found our pack-horse, had heard nothing of our companion, were surprised and distressed at our troubles, and glad to see us so far well. The wagons came up next day, and from Mr. Boucaut we received the greatest kindness. On the following day — the Sunday — we started with the wagons on the way back again, arriving at the Rocky Camp on December 20. The party of operators referred to were:— C. W. J. Kraegen, Station 2; J. F. Mullen, Station 3; R. C. Watson, Station 4. Mr. Kraegen went on for water, and up to our arrival at Rocky Camp nothing had been heard of him. It had been determined to institute a strict search at this camp to pick up the track of the missing man, and it was intended to do all that was possible to ensure finding him. Every one was resolved to do all he could, and every confidence was felt and expressed as to the result being favourable. Meantime, one of the party had been following the telegraph line, because it was known there was a break in it somewhere between Charlotte Waters and Station 2, and as we had just encamped at Rocky Camp the lineman arrived, and reported the Finding of Mr. Kraegen's Body. He had come on it at an angle-post about three miles from our camp, and brought in his belt, found lying at his feet, and on which was his revolver, loaded all round, cartouch-box, and pouch. Arrangements were immediately made, and Messrs. Boucaut, Clarke, Watson, Mueller, Young, who found the body, Loudon, and Holzerland proceeded to the place and identified the body. He left no scrap of writing; had no marks about him; lay on his stomach, resting his head on the left arm, and holding his hat as if shielding his head from the morning sun. His head was to the east, his face to the south, and not the faintest mark of a struggle appeared. He had evidently lain down exhausted, and quietly died for want of water nine or ten days before we saw him. A grave was dug as near the spot as the stony nature of the ground permitted, and he was wrapped in a blanket and interred. Mr. Boucaut read the Church of England burial service over the remains, and caused a rough fence to be erected round the grave, against which bushes were placed to protect our departed companion's last earthly resting-place from the native dogs. An inscription, punctured in tin, to the following effect was attached to a stout board, and fixed in place of a headstone:— "In memory of C. W. J. Kraegen, aged 40, who perished here for want of water, about 12/12/'71. Buried 20/12/'71." The camp was sad that night, and it has been so for many nights since, for Kraegen was a favourite with all. He was a widower, and leaves three children, now at school at Goulbourn, N.S.W. Mr. Boucaut has by unanimous request taken charge of such property as he left here. As a close to this sorrowful affair it may be stated that the two survivors were very weak and ill when they rejoined the wagons. They were, however, as well provided for as it was possible under the circumstances, and went on with the wagons on the 17th, on which day they revisited the Alice, where they camped for the night. Mr. Boucaut did all in his power to render the two as comfortable as could be managed, whilst the attention of Mr. Flint to the wants of the sick men deserves particular recognition. It was intended to have closed this paper at Minnie Creek, where most of it was written; but as no opportunity served to forward it, the document has been brought on to the McClure Springs, where we have halted at a capital watering-place with plenty of good grass. We have been joined since unharnessing by two empty wagons bound south, and by them I forward this, hoping you may get it soon. The drivers of the down teams tell us that there has been much rain up country. The Hugh, they say, was five feet deep just after they crossed, about 10 miles up from here, today, and as the river is almost a hundred yards wide at the place indicated, with a level sandy bed, readers will easily form some idea of the immense body of water there must have come into it from somewhere. It is raining while this is written, and looks very black towards the North, as if a lot of rain was falling on the MacDonnell Ranges. The reports of the completeness of the line all agree that it is now fit to work as far as the end of Section E — a distance by road of about 1,650 miles from Adelaide. The country travelled through after leaving the Minnie is the finest, most picturesque, and pleasant traversed in South Australia. The peculiar construction of the James Ranges, with their many little coves, gulches, grass to the top, pretty trees, shrubs, and flowering plants, is prominently brought under notice by reason of the road going up a narrow defile between the hills, and following it for miles. We crossed the Hugh several times whilst in the ranges, also smaller watercourses, and remarked that their several beds are not so sandy as further down; but the crops of pebbles are very large. Green grass can be had at every step; some of it very tall, some short; but all apparently good fodder. Water, too, is abundant. The principal trees not previously noticed are a kind of poplar which has a very bitter tasted leaf, and whose bark gives forth a strong scent like chlorodyne, and the fig, which is in good bearing, but the fruit is not quite ripe. A flowering plant like a rose grows here, armed with perfect shaped thorns — the flower is a beautiful cloth of gold colour; hollyhocks are numerous, as are the parachylia, convolvuli, native cucumber, and a plant with a pretty white flower. Truly the drive through these valleys is a perfect treat. The road is not difficult, and the soil is a dun-coloured loam with some few pebbles intermixed. When the Alice Springs are reached, where Station 2 is to be built, the mileage will be made out and forwarded, and it will be seen the information published in the Observer last November was correct as regards the distance the operators were to have travelled by the end of the year — to wit, 1,200 miles from Adelaide; but the calculation that this would be the end of Section E has been based on the line measurements, and not on the actual length of road to be travelled, which cannot be less than 1,650 miles from the capital to Attack Creek — the place where Station 4 is to be built. McClure's Springs, Hugh River, December 25, 1871.
Abridged report by the Ballarat Star on the circumstances of the passing of Bechervaise's former staffer Kraegen
   THE OVERLAND TELEGRAPH. DEATH OF MR. KRAEGEN FROM THIRST. Some time since we mentioned that Mr Kraegen, who died from thirst on the line of the Overland Telegraph, was formerly in the Ballarat Telegraph-office, under Mr Bechervaise. A correspondent of the S. A. Register, one of the party which nearly succumbed to thirst, gives life-like particulars of the disaster, from which we abridge the following account:— An advance party of three operators — C. W. Kraegen, J. F. Mullen, and R. C. Watson — was despatched from Charlotte Waters on the 8th December to the new station posts in the desert, with written directions as to the watercourses they would find. In the evening, after a hot and exhausting day’s travel, they came, says the writer, to a tree in a creek on which was read in letters punctured in tin and affixed there the announcement that water was to be had at the junction of that creek and the Hugh, about a mile from that spot; the next water by the road ten miles, or what we took to be such. Off we sped down the creek. What to us was a mile of hot sand and pebbles now — we would have water in a few minutes, and all would be well. We got to the place, looked at the hole, found it dry, dry; went down the Hugh in the hot sand and blazing sun, but gave that up, and returned. We dug with hands, tomahawks, knives — we had no shovel — but still no water could be got, and the terrible disappointment made all now feel the want much more than would have been the case, but for being assured by the punctured tin announcement that water was to be had thereabout; besides, the efforts in the scorching white sand, walking in it to a depth of six inches, digging as far as our arms would reach, perspiring and choking, had thoroughly exhausted two of us to such an extent that we had to lie down and rest. Then the question arose, "what are we to do?" After much debate it was determined to follow up the channel of the Hugh, which took a course a little west of that followed by the road, and try for water at any likely spot. The proposal was made that as the pack horse was in need of a spell, the saddle-horse that had succumbed before could now hardly travel, two of us were really knocked up, and as the water could not surely be over five or six miles off at furthest, the third man should take his own and the other comparatively fresh saddle-horse, and with three water bags proceed at his best speed. The proposition was "jumped at;" away he went, promising to be back soon, and we meantime felt assured that the rest would serve the two tired horses that remained, and enable them to go on after all had a drink. We waited, thirsted, and still waited through many hours of a very close, warm night, but still no water came, and as patience had run out when the moon rose we packed up, and leading the horses started on foot after the messenger. It would be impossible briefly to tell all the speculations made and discussed to account for his non-return. He had abandoned us! He had lost his horses! He had lost his way! But, horror of horrors, he had not found water! These with many other surmises arose, and none had any comfort in them for us, who were now almost speechless and helpless for want of a drink. We made little progress; the horses travelled slowly, and we had often to lie down, put our nostrils close to the ground, and thereby obtain a breath of comparatively cool air — a thing we could not get whilst walking. We wearied ourselves going to and fro, and although travelling much, did not go far, and so Saturday passed away. On Sunday we could hardly stir. My companion says I talked an awful lot of "bosh." I am sure he did — "gabbled" is the word — unintelligibly, and laughed occasionally, but somehow we managed to try again for water in the creek — it must be there — and so at it we went again on Sunday morning, wearing finger nails off and drawing blood from the fingers until our want of success left but one resource — one horse might be shot, and its blood would help us to make an effort to get on. We shot a horse — the weakest — and having got what we desired from that source, again sought the road and rested. We had a good supply of liquid now — a quart-potful each — and might rest a little before starting, and we did. How hot it was! The sun poured down upon us, and I really thought we should never get over the plain; but we did. We sat and suffered; the poor horse crawled, and doubtless also suffered. He seemed to go at the rate of about half a mile an hour. On we crawled, until on rising a bank we saw the bed of the Hugh once more. The horse pricked up his ears, mended his pace, reached the steep rocky bank, and of a sudden (thank the Lord!) we saw water — a small pool 18 in. by 30 in., and only a foot deep; but water. Down the steep hill we went, got off the horse's back somehow, and simultaneously man and beast plunged into the blessed liquid to satisfy an appalling thirst that had lasted from eight o’clock on Friday morning 8th December, until about two p.m. on the Sunday following. We rested the balance of that day, eating nothing, but "swigging" water like a couple of dissipated fishes. On Monday, the 11th, we determined that as we could not go forward we would go back and meet the waggons. We led our horse and walked all the way. At the creek we found we had read sixteen for ten miles. We arrived at the Alice after walking through sixteen miles of sand, just in time to see some of the other party arriving from the opposite direction. They had found our pack-horse, but had heard nothing of our companion. One of the search party which was organised came on the body of Mr. Kraegen at an angle-post about three miles from our camp, and brought in his belt, found lying at his feet, and on which was his revolves, loaded all round, cartouch-box, and pouch. He left no scrap of writing; had no marks about him; lay on his stomach, resting his head on the left arm, and holding his hat as if shielding his head from the morning sun. His head was to the east, his face to the south, and not the faintest mark of a struggle appeared. He had evidently lain down exhausted, and quietly died for want of water nine or ten days before we saw him. A grave was dug as near the spot as the stony nature of the ground permitted, and he was wrapped in a blanket and interred. Mr Boucant read the Church of England burial service over the remains, and caused a rough fence to be erected round the grave, against which bushes were placed to protect our departed companion’s last earthly resting-place from the native dogs. An inscription, punctured in tin, to the following effect was attached to a stout board, and fixed in place of a headstone:— "In memory of C. W. J. Kraegen, aged forty, who perished here for want of water about 12 | 12 | ’71. Buried 20 | 12 | ’71."

##### 1872 04

Bechervaise announces the opening of the telegraph station at Fryerstown
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise, telegraph-master, informs us that on this day telegraphic communication will be opened with Fryerstown, near Castlemaine.

##### 1872 06

Bechervaise announces a telegraphic connection to Europe, albeit with intermediate horse express
   TELEGRAPH TO EUROPE. The following notice has been published by the Superintendent of Electric Telegraphs — South Australia, Adelaide, Port Darwin, and London. Telegraph Despatch of First Messages to Europe. Messages will be received at any South Australian Telegraph Office, for transmission to London and other places in connection with the British and Australian Telegraph Company's Cable, during the ordinary office hours, on Tuesday next, the 25th instant. The Messages will be forwarded from Tennant's Creek by horse express over that portion of the line at present incomplete. (Signed) W. J. Cunningham, pro. Superintendent of Electric Telegraphs, South Australia. Telegraph Messages, for Europe and the East, will be received up to 8 p.m. on the 25th instant, at any telegraph station in Victoria (where full particulars as to charges can be ascertained), for transmission to Adelaide and thence in accordance with the above notice; but this department will not be responsible for any delay that may occur beyond the limits of Victoria. W. Turner. J. W. Bechervaise, Manager Telegraph Station, Ballarat, 24th June, 1872.

##### 1872 07

Bechervaise reports still no telegram from Europe
   NEWS AND NOTES. At ten o'clock on Sunday night, Mr Bechervaise, telegraph-master, informed us that there was up to that time no sign of a telegram having been received from Europe by the Trans-Australian telegraph.
Bechervaise announces commencement of Hawthorn telegraph office
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . We are informed by Mr Bechervaise, telegraph-master, that telegraphic communication was yesterday established with Hawthorn.
Bechervaise again advertising telegrams to Europe via the Overland Telegraph with temporary horse express gap-filler
   GENERAL TELEGRAPH NOTICE. Telegraphic Messages for Europe and the East. Telegrams will be received up to 8 p.m. of the 8th instant at any Telegraph Station in Victoria (where full particulars as to charges can be ascertained) for transmission to London and other places, in connection with the British and Australian Telegraph Company’s cable via Adelaide and Port Darwin. The messages will be forwarded from Tennant's Creek per horse express, over that portion of the line at present incomplete. This department will not be responsible for any delay that may arise beyond the limits of Victoria. WM. P. BECHERVAISE, Manager. Electric Telegraph Office, Ballarat, 5th July, 1872.
Proposal for telegraph station masters to act as an employment service
   MELBOURNE. 26th July. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) A proposal to establish a national labor office under government superintendence was brought before the hon. the Chief Secretary this afternoon by a numerous deputation, introduced by the Hon. Howard Spensley, M.L.A. The attention of the Chief Secretary was called to the success which had attended a similar establishment in San Francisco, and it was suggested that the services of the telegraph station masters throughout the colony might be secured for the purpose of transmitting daily information to a central labor office in Melbourne, so that persons requiring employment might, by payment of a fee of one shilling, be enabled to ascertain where their labor could be made available. It was stated that the expense of the whole machinery need not amount to more than £1400 per annum, while it had been calculated that the income from fees would reach about £2100. After some conversation as to the details of the proposal, Mr Francis expressed the opinion that a properly matured scheme of the kind proposed would be highly useful as "a labor barometer." He concluded his remarks by requesting the deputation to supply him with further particulars respecting the Californian scheme above alluded to, and promised to take the matter into consideration.

##### 1872 08

Bechervaise announces that telegrams may now be sent overnight for a fee, opening of the Overland Telegraph just a footnote
   TELEGRAPH NOTICE. The following Order in Council, dated 19th August, has been approved:— Telegrams may be forwarded from and to any station in Victoria during the night, on special notice being given at any station before 8 p.m. Minimum charge:— Private messages, fifty-eight words or under, five shillings; and one penny each additional word. Press messages, one hundred and eighteen words or under, five shillings; and one halfpenny each additional word. Should messages be tendered after 8 p.m. without special notice, and be transmitted, above rates to be charged. Sunday telegrams are in future to be charged according to above rates. All previous Orders in Council relating to charges on telegrams transmitted after ordinary hours of business are hereby cancelled. Telegraph communication is now established with Port Darwin. The rate of charge is 16s for the first ten words; each additional word 1s 2d; address and signature of telegram exclusive. W. P. BECHERVAISE, Manager.
Bechervaise announces that the Brunswich telegraph office is now open for business
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . We are informed by Mr W. P. Bechervaise, telegraph-master, Ballarat, that on Wednesday telegraphic communication was established with Brunswick. The office at that place is under the charge of Mr Joseph George, postmaster.

##### 1872 10

Bechervaise announces opening of Chewton telegraph office
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr W. P. Bechervaise, telegraph-master, Ballarat, informs us that telegraphic communication has this day been established with Chewton.

##### 1872 11

Always the innovator, Bechervaise liaises with Ballarat Turf Club for provision of a dedicated telegraph live to the race course
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr. Clibborn, the active secretary of the Ballarat Turf Club, and Mr Bechervaise, telegraph-master, were on Thursday out at Dowling Forest Course, and all along the line of the proposed telegraph communication between Ballarat and the course. The matter was conclusively settled in favor of the work, and we believe the line will be in operation at the next meeting of the club. This will be an immense advantage to everybody in the least interested in racing affairs.
Bechervaise announces commencement of Brighton telegraph office
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr W. P. Bechervaise, telegraph master, informs us that telegraphic communication was on Wednesday established with Brighton.

##### 1872 12

Bechervaise announces a temporary telegraph office at the Ballarat Turf Club races (Australian first?)
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . With reference to the Ballarat Turf Club races, Mr W. P. Bechervaise, telegraph master, Ballarat, has forwarded us the following notice for publication:— "The Telegraph-office at the Ballarat racecourse will be opened from noon on Thursday, 5th December, and each day of the meeting, till thirty minutes after the last race has been run. There will be no delivery of telegrams by messenger, but a list will be posted outside the office showing the names of persons for whom telegrams await delivery at the window."
Bechervaise's son Herbert Price places 37th in competitive exam
   Education Office, December 5, 1872. NOTICE.— The following list, showing the RESULT of the COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION for exhibitions open to pupils in common schools held in November 1872, is published for general information. The eight boys whose names appear at the head of the list are the successful candidates. No candidate will benefit by the result until a certificate of his age from the registrar of the district be furnished, in case he was born in Victoria; or, in case he was born elsewhere, a statutory declaration as to the place and date of birth by his father or guardian. Proof must also be given that the candidates have been pupils in common schools for 12 months previous to the 21st November, 1872. B. F. KANE, Secretary Board of Education.
   * Maximum Number of Marks, 680. No. Name of Candidate. No. of Marks. Roll No. Name of School
   * 37 Bechervaise, H. P. 278 424 Mount Pleasant
The temporary telegraph office is a great success
   BALLARAT TURF CLUB SPRING MEETING. FIRST DAY - THURSDAY, 5TH DECEMBER . . . Everything is so well arranged at the course that it is quite superfluous to speak in terms of praise either of the officials or the police, and at these meetings the public seem to give no trouble to anyone. The course was very well kept by Tommy Wilson, on old Blue-?in, and two very small lads, also in scarlet, acted as assistants. There is now capital accommodation for the Press in the stand, and a room is provided for their use. Other places might well follow the good example set by Ballarat in this respect. The Telegraph-office proved a great success, and Mr Bechervaise and his assistants had quite a rush of business; and there is no doubt that the line will pay. It is a very great convenience, and the Press and the public both appreciate it. Mr J. T. Sleep acted as timekeeper. The first race was The Telegraph Stakes, of 50 sovs. Entrance 1 sov. Half a mile. Handicap. . . . .
As previous
   BALLARAT TURF CLUB SPRING MEETING. THIRD DAY, SATURDAY, 7TH DECEMBER. . . . The telegraph station was a very great convenience, and was so well patronised that the club will not have to pay anything under the guaranty they gave. Mr Bechervaise, who was personally in charge, was, as usual, attentive and obliging and his staff got through their work very well. Mr Bechervaise wishes to acknowledge on his own behalf, and on that of his assistants, the courtesy shown by the stewards, and Mr Clibborn, and the obliging things done by Tommy Wilson, the clerk of the course, and to thank the stewards for their hospitality. . . .
Bechervaise announces that Overland Telegraph again interrupted
   NEWS AND NOTES. We are informed by Mr Bechervaise, telegraph manager, that the Trans-Australian line is again interrupted between the Peak and Charlotte Waters.
Bechervaise announces that Overland Telegraph again restored
   NEWS AND NOTES. Mr W. P. Bechervaise, telegraph manager, informs us that the defect in the Trans-Australian line between the Peake and Charlotte Waters, has now been repaired.
Another house removalist causes grief to Bechervaise's telegraph wires
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . At the City Police-court, on Tuesday, John Lennon, the proprietor of the house-removing machine, was charged by Mr Bechervaise, telegraph station-master, with breaking the telegraph wires on the Ararat route. It appears that McLennon, for some time past has given the telegraph department some trouble by breaking wires when removing large wooden houses, and Mr Bechervaise on this occasion summoned him. Mr Gaunt cautioned the defendant, but said he was liable to be punished for a misdemeanor.

#### 1873
##### 1873 01

Summary of temporary telegraph station at Ballarat Race Course
   RACING EVENTS. The Ballarat Turf Club Spring Meeting was held on 5th, 6th, and 7th December, under the most favorable auspices. On this occasion a line of telegraph was constructed from the course at Dowling Forest to Ballarat. Mr Bechervaise and his assistants had quite a rush of business, and the Press and the public both appreciated the convenience. Stewards — Messrs A. Kelly, A. Fisken, N. R. Macleod, R. L. Bell, and G. G. Morton. Judge — Mr John Simson. Starter — Mr A. Fisken. Handicapper — Mr E. T. Barnard. Clerk of the course — Mr T. Wilson. Weigher — Mr J. Hinds.

##### 1873 04

Bechervaise announces that submarine cable between Singapore and Batavia is still interrupted
   NEWS AND NOTES. Mr Bechervaise informs us that the submarine cable is still interrupted between Singapore and Batavia.

##### 1873 05

Bechervaise advises Ballarat Shire Council that telegraph line soon to be extended to Learmonth
   BALLARAT SHIRE COUNCIL. Monday, 12th May. Present — The President, and Crs Gilchrist, Baird, Read, Edwards, Mitchell, and Findlay. Correspondence.— . . . . Extension of the Telegraph Wire to Learmonth.— In answer to Cr Read, who had proposed to move in the matter, the president stated that at a recent inter-view with Mr Bechervaise regarding this extension he was informed that the cost of the construction would be placed on the Estimates for the present year, and the work executed in due course.
Bechervaise assists in raising funds for an orphaned neice of a late friend
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . At a meeting of a few of the friends of the late Mr John Cathie, held on Friday evening, the Hon. J. B. Humffray in the chair, it was decided to open subscription lists to raise funds for the funeral expenses, and also to make some provision for the maintenance, education, and future care of Mr Cathie’s orphan niece. Mr Batten was appointed treasurer, and Mr Bechervaise hon. secretary. Both gentlemen will be glad to receive subscriptions, and we will take charge of any that may be left at this office.
Bechervaise announces opening of a new telegraph station at Leigh Road railway station (now Bannockburn)
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise informs us that telegraphic communication has been opened with the Leigh road railway station.
Bechervaise announces opening of Stratford telegraph office
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise informs us that a telegraph office has been opened at Stratford.
Bechervaise attends the Levee at the start of the new Governor's first visit to Ballarat
   THE GOVERNORS VISIT. Seldom has a season of pleasure or a public rejoicing in Ballarat been more auspiciously inaugurated than were the proceedings of yesterday on the arrival here of his Excellency Sir George F. Bowen, Governor of the colony of Victoria. To the lieges of Ballarat the day was set apart not only as a holiday for the reception of the Queen's representative, but also as a day of rejoicing in honor of the 54th anniversary of Her Majesty's birth; and, as if to do honor to the occasion, even the elements were propitious, and "Queen's weather" gladdened the hearts of her subjects. A fresh genial breeze made the morning invigorating, but the bright afternoon sun tinged everything with a golden ray that added even more than its some-what faded name to the charms of the "Golden City." During his Excellency's future, and we sincerely hope, long career as Governor of this colony, he will visit many towns, and receive many such addresses of hearty welcome and congratulation as those which were presented to him by our public bodies yesterday. But we doubt whether in any part of these wide dominions, or under even the most favorable circumstances, he will meet with a more genial, hearty, and pleasant reception than that which was awarded him yesterday, on his first visit to the Town and City of Ballarat. . . . THE LEVEE As his Excellency entered the hall the bells were fired nineteen times — the customary number for a Governor. This part of the day's proceedings had been well arranged, and was a much more successful ceremony than most people had expected. The front entrance to the hall was prettily decorated with flowers and ferns, and so also was the staircase leading to the large room, where the presentations were made. The passage leading from the head of the stairs to the reception-room was divided into two and the room itself was divided into compartments by a floral division. The room was laid with a beautiful carpet, and at one end was the dais, sur-mounted by the Royal ensign, while round the room were displayed many bannerets and wreaths, which lent both a gay and brilliant appearance to the scene. Those who were presented entered by one passage, and passing round the division of the room in front of his Excellency, left by the other. At about two the presentations commenced. His Excellency, with his aide-de-camp, passed from the committee-room to the hall, accompanied, at his Excellency's request, by the two mayors, Councillor Lewis, Rev. Mr Henderson (moderator of the Presbyterian Assembly, in the robes of his office), the Hon. J. G. Francis, the Hon. A. Fraser, and Messrs Jones, Clarke, and James, M.L.A. Others who had the right of entry followed — the clergy, the members of the two councils and of shires and borough councils, his Honor Judge Rogers, and a few gentlemen, chiefly those who had attended to present addresses taking precedence. The following was the list of presentations: — . . . Wm. P. Bechervaise . . .
Bechervaise in the Governor's part which tours the local district
   THE GOVERNOR'S VISIT. The visit of his Excellency the Governor to Ballarat and the surrounding district would have been incomplete without an inspection of the pastoral, agricultural, and mining area that extends from our north-western boundary to the auriferous leads in the neighborhood of Clunes. This had been seen from the initiation of the movement to entertain his Excellency, and certainly the arrangements made for giving effect to that object were each as reflect the utmost credit upon all parties concerned. The carriages intended to convey the vice-regal party to Clunes were in readiness at Craig's hotel at half-past nine yesterday, and shortly afterwards a start was made. The Chief Secretary was unable to remain in Ballarat, having been telegraphed for from Melbourne the previous evening, and he in consequence left Ballarat by the early train. Amongst those who accompanied his Excellency were the mayor of Ballarat City, and Mrs Claxton; Mr Baird, mayor of the Town of Ballarat; Major Pitt, A.D.C.; Major W. C. Smith, Mr Robert Lewis, Mr Joseph Jones, Mr John James, Mr James McDowall, Mr Reeves (mayor of Geelong), Mr Permewan, Mr Wanliss, Mr Sleep, Mr Caselli, Mr Ivey, Mr Donald Gunn (president of the Ballaratshire Council), Mr Bath, Mr Henderson (assistant traffic manager of the Victorian Railways), Mr Bechervaise, &c., &c. The start was made at half-past nine, Inspector Ryall and a number of mounted troopers bring in attendance as a guard of honor. Lady Bowen was too unwell to accompany the party. The cortege, on leaving Craig's, proceeded up Sturt street, turning off on the north, and taking the detour of the lake on the west side, until the road to Learmonth was reached. The weather was cold and threatening from the first, and as the party advanced the clouds became more dense each moment until, as the ranges were reached, it became evident that rain, and heavy rain, was imminent. Nevertheless the horses pushed on. The houses along the roadside were adorned with bunting, and the scattered rural population put in an appearance in groups as the visitors swept past, cheering lustily and otherwise demonstrating their desire to participate in the general welcome accorded to Her Majesty's representative. Learmonth was reached about eleven o'clock. The available population turned out en masse for the occasion, all attired in holiday garb, and looking as joyous and comfortable as could be wished. About 150 juveniles were assembled near the shire hall, and as the Governor drove up they sang the National Anthem, at the conclusion of which three cheers were given by the large crowd congregated for his Excellency the Governor and the other visitors. The president and members of the shire council were in readiness at the entrance with an address. This was read by Mr Richmond, the secretary, and was as follows:—

##### 1873 06

The PMG approves Bechervaise teaching telegraphy at the Ballarat Mechanics' Institute
   At a meeting of the Mechanics' Institute Committee, held on Tuesday evening (present — Messrs Claxton, president; Embling, Anderson, James, Bade, I. J. Jones, Stansfield, Thompson, Whitelaw, Campbell, and J. P. Marshall), the following letters were received:— From Monsieur Rayroux, offering to take charge of the French class now without a teacher, Signor Matheo having been compelled by ill-health to leave Ballarat. It was resolved to accept Monsieur Rayroux's offer. — From the Postmaster-General, with permission for Mr Bechervaise to take charge of a class for the study of telegraphy. — From the School of Design, asking that the restriction, by which competition for prizes to the amount of £10 offered by the committee was confined to those pupils who are members of the institute, be removed. It was re-solved to adhere to the original terms of competition.

##### 1873 07

Bechervaise requests school-teachers to caution their pupils about stone throwing at telegraph insulators
   By request, we draw the attention of school-teachers in the districts around Ballarat to the wanton destruction, by the boys, of the telegraph insulators, caused by stone-throwing. Mr Bechervaise thinks that a caution administered by the head-teachers to the youths would have the desired effect. The lads in the locality of Mount Rowan have gives the most offence.
Bechervaise announces interruptions in the submarine cables from Hong Kong
   We learn from Mr Bechervaise that the great northern cables between Hong Kong, Amoy, Shanghai, and Nagasaki, are interrupted. Telegrams have therefore, for the present, to be posted at Hong Kong.
Annual report of the Ballarat Turf Club favourably notes the establishment of a temporary telegraph office at the racecourse
   BALLARAT TURF CLUB. The annual meeting of the members of the above club was held on Monday afternoon, at Craig’s hotel; Mr A. Kelly occupied the chair. The secretary read the following report and balance-sheet:— "At the commencement of the racing year we beg to present you with a financial statement of the receipts and expenditure during our term of office, and we have much pleasure in congratulating you upon the present highly prosperous position of the club. Since the election of the committee a large amount of work has been done, and numerous improvements have been carried out at the racecourse. The saddling paddock has been much enlarged and levelled throughout; the lawn and members’ carriage paddock have been ex-tended; a telegraph-office has been opened under the supervision of Mr Bechervaise, and at the present time everything is in excellent order, and the trees, shrubs, and plants flourishing. A very successful race meeting was held in the spring, and a winter steeplechase meeting on the 17th of this month. The late secretary of the club, Mr Thomas S. Clibborn, having been appointed secretary to the Australian Jockey Club, resigned his position, to the regret of your committee, on the 30th May. At a meeting, held to elect his successor, Mr E. C. Moore was unanimously chosen. . . .

##### 1873 12

Bechervaise again provides telegraph facilities at Ballarat Turf Club Spring meeting, react quickly to line problems
   B.T.C. SPRING MEETING. FIRST DAY.— THURDAY, 4TH DECEMBER. Patron — His Excellency the Governor. Stewards — Messrs A. K. Finlay, R. Le Poer Trench, G. G. Morton, Herbert Power, and Hector Wilson. Judge — Mr John Simson. Starter — Mr A. Fisken. Clerk of the course — Mr T. Wilson. Secretary — Mr E. C. Moore. Thursday was the first day of the Ballarat Turf Club Spring Meeting, which has so far passed off most successfully. Formerly the spring meeting lasted for three days, but the club have thought it advisable to make it only two days, and to add one day to the autumn meeting. By this arrangement the public will be able to witness just as many days' racing at Dowling Forest in the course of the year, and perhaps more conveniently than before. . . . The telegraph office on the course, under the charge of Mr Bechervaise and a staff of assistants, was a great convenience to the public, and the operators must have been kept pretty busy during the day. Not long before the first race started it was discovered that there was something wrong with the line on the Creswick road, by which communication between the race course and Ballarat was interrupted. It was rather fortunate that this was discovered in time, for Mr Bechervaise and those under his direction were only just able, by dint of great exertion, to put everything straight before the line was required.
Bechervaise announces the opening of the Alexandra telegraph office
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise informs us that on and after the 18th instant telegraphic communication will be open with Alexandra.

#### 1874
##### 1874 01

Bechervaise again goes the extra mile to get local news out
   Mr Bechervaise is always so anxious to accommodate the public, that no person will read the following from the Herald with the least surprise:— "That any news of the cricket match at Ballarat was received in Melbourne on New Year's Day is entirely due to the courtesy displayed by the manager of the Ballarat Telegraph Office. The conductors of this journal had been told at Melbourne that the Ballarat office would be open all day, but no instructions to that effect were received at the latter place. Accordingly, when our representative went to the Ballarat office, he found it closed. On looking up the manager, it was found that all the hands had gone till six o'clock. Mr Bechervaise at once intimated that he would have an operator looked up, and the office opened at half-past three. At three o'clock, the office was opened, and the anxious public placed in possession of news. Had our reporter been a quarter of an hour later, the manager of the Ballarat office would have left his quarters for the day, and the public have been without the news till after six p.m. When a gentleman voluntarily sacrifices his holiday, to suit the public, the act deserves recognition."

##### 1874 03

The temporary telegraph at the Ballarat Turf Club sees record business for the Grand National
   BALLARAT TURF CLUB GRAND NATIONAL MEETING. SECOND DAY.— FRIDAY. Stewards — Messrs A. K. Findlay, R. Le Poer Trench, G. G. Morton, H. Power, A. Wilson. Judge — Mr James Simson. Starter — Mr A. Fisken. Time-keeper — Mr Sleep. Clerk of the Course — Mr Thomas Wilson. The morning of the great day of the Steeplechase Meeting opened very unpropitiously, as a stiff northerly breeze was blowing, raising clouds of dust in all parts of the town, and deterring many from venturing on a trip to the Forest. However, some thousands were bold enough to brave the disagreeables of the road. Nearly every vehicle in Ballarat was pressed into service, and between 5000 and 6000 people had assembled on the course by the time the Grand National was run. . . . Mr Bechervaise was kept very busy, with his assistants, in the telegraph office, more mes-sages being dispatched than at any previous meeting. . . .
Bechervaise assists in raising funds for the widow and children of murdered telegraph station master
   With reference to the Barrow's Creek telegraph station murder, we understand that Mr Stapleton, the late station-master, has left a widow and four children very badly provided for. A subscription is being raised on their behalf, and Mr Bechervaise, our local telegraph master, will be happy to receive donations in aid. This is a case well deserving the sympathies of the public.

##### 1874 04

Bechervaise returns to Melbourne after a stay in Hobart
   SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. . . . CLEARED OUT.— April 22. Southern Cross, s.s., 343 tons, E. Lucas, for Melbourne. Passengers — Cabin: Mrs. Ryan, Miss E. Mansfield, Miss Seward, Misses Dean (2), Miss Knowles, Mr. Yates and 3 children, Dr. H. L. and Mrs. Atkinson, Miss J. Carns, Miss Crocker, Mrs. Henry Reed, Miss Jackson, Miss Chamberlain, Mrs. Dowd and child, Dr. MacMillan, Master M. Alexander, Messrs. Chapman, Finlayson, H. Cook, Jordan, Geo. Wilson, W. P. Bechervaise, Cox, J. Brock, C. Hall, E. A. Macpherson, McKillop, and 15 steerage.
As previous
   SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. PORT OF MELBOURNE. ARRIVED HOBSON'S BAY. . . . Southern Cross, s.s., 342 tons, E. Lucas, from Hobart Town 22nd instant. Passengers — cabin: Dr. H. L. Atkinson and Mrs Atkinson, Mrs H. Reed, Mrs B. Ryan, Mrs Dowd and child, Miss Seward, Miss Cearin, Miss Coker, Miss Knowles, Misses Deans (two), Miss Jackson, Miss Chamberland, Miss Mansfield; Messrs. Chapman, Finlayson, H. Cook, J. Brock, E. A. McPherson, C. Hall, Jordan, McKillop, G. Wilson, W. P. Bechervaise, McMillan, Cox, Yates and three children, Master W. Alexander; and twenty-two in the steer-age. Hudson, and Watson agents.

##### 1874 05

Bechervaise loans some Wheatstone equipment for the Fine Arts Exhibition at the Mechanics' Institute
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . The Fine Arts Exhibition at the Mechanics' Institute last night was largely attended, both in the hall and the upper room; the hall more largely, of course, as besides the pictures there were the attractions of a concert, in which Miss Bessie Harrison, Mr Henry Mordaunt, Mr Herbert, and Mr. Williams took part. Comic and sentimental and operatic music were given, and added materially to the pleasantness of the evening. Mr Bechervaise has sent some of Wheatstone's telegraphic apparatus, the use of which he explained in the hall. Upstairs, Mr Bardwell’s automaton photographer, a galvanic apparatus, and a sewing machine worked by water-power, afforded much amusement.
Victorian telegraph station masters, including Bechervaise contribute to the Stapleton Relief Fund
   PUBLIC NOTICES. STAPLETON RELIEF FUND. The Committee beg to acknowledge the following Contributions towards the Stapleton Relief Fund:— . . . Total Telegraph Department, £221 1s., less expenses, £2 2s. = £219 19s. Collected in Victoria:— Thomas Green, Castlemaine, £1 1s.; W. P. Bechervaise, Ballarat, £1 1s.; J. Nichol, Daylesford, £1; D. W. Forbes, Echuca, £1; H. W. Bristow, Kyneton, £1; W. Bardwell, Ballarat, £1; W. Blandford, Ballarat, 2s. 6d.; F. H. O'Connell, Dunolly, 10s.; J. H. Kibble, Inglewood, 10s. 6d.; J. T. Harper, Inglewood, 5s.; C. M. Maplestone, Maryborough, £1 1s.; J. Thwaites, Creswick, £1; Thos. Reed, Maldon, 10s.; J. L. Collier, Clunes, £1; James Collis, Talbot, 10s.; G. E. Groves, Kilmore, 10s.; D. W. Bale, Castlemaine, 5s. = £12 6s. Total, £944 6s. 6d.
Bechervaise awaits Government approval to be lecturer at telegraphy classes
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Numerous enquiries having been made as to the telegraphy class at the School of Mines, we may mention that so soon as the authority of the Government has been obtained for Mr Bechervaise to act as lecturer, a class will be formed, to which ladies will be admitted, subject to compliance with the statutes in respect to nomination.
As previous
   It is announced in our advertising columns that a class in telegraphy will be at once formed at the Ballarat School of Mines under the charge of Mr W. P. Bechervaise. Instruction will be given by Mr Bechervaise every Tuesday at seven o'clock in the evening, and on Saturday at two. Students are requested to enrol themselves at once with Mr Barnard, the registrar.
As previous
   INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. A CLASS in TELEGRAPHY, under the direction of Mr W. P. BECHERVAISE, will be FORMED, to meet on Tuesdays at 7 p.m., and on Saturdays at 2 p.m. Students are requested to attend at my office for the purpose of being enrolled. W. HY. BARNARD, Registrar pro tem.

##### 1874 06

Bechervaise's telegraphy class already has 16 enrolments
   This evening a class in telegraphy will be opened at the School of Mines, under Mr Bechervaise. Sixteen students have already entered for instruction.
Bechervaise now included in list of lecturers at School of Mines for Telegraphy class
   Education. INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. VISITOR: His Excellency the Governor. PRESIDENT: His Honor Sir Redmond Barry. VICE-PRESIDENT: His Honor Judge Rogers. TRUSTEES: His Honor Sir Redmond Barry. Somerville Livingstone Learmonth, Esq. Rivett Henry Bland, Esq. COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. *The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy, M.P. *The Hon. John A. MacPherson, M.P. *The Hon. Duncan Gillies, M.P. *The Hon. William McLellan, M.P. *F. McCoy, Esq., Professor, University of Melbourne. *Vacant. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. B. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. M. Davey, Esq. Joseph Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D. Robert Lewis, Esq., J.P. James McDowall, Esq., J.P. James Oddie, Esq., J.P. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. E. Steinfeld, Esq., J.P. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. J. Williamson, Esq. The Mayor of the City of Ballaarat; and *The Chairman, for the time being, of each of the seven Mining Boards of Victoria. *Honorary Councillors. ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. The Chairman of Mining Board, Ballaarat. President of Examiners — His Honor Judge Rogers. Honorary Auditor — Richard Ford, Esq. "To fit the miner by a general review of phenomena observed, and processes used in various localities, to adopt what is most suitable to the particular locality." "— — to form links in the chain of improvements." Warington W. Smyth, M.A., Cambridge. APRIL TERM (b. 13th April; e. 20th June), 1874. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS: Mathematics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. Fredk. Ive, Auth. Surv. Mechanics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Natural Philosophy .. .. ditto Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. Robert Malachy Serjeant Mechanical Engineering .. .. Andrew Croll Mineralogy .. .. — Geology as applied to Mining .. .. ditto Metallurgy and Assaying .. .. Joseph Flude. Chemistry .. .. Joseph Flude. Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. Persons thinking of becoming Pupils are particularly invited to attend The School, and observe the method adopted of imparting instruction. . . .
Detailed report of Bechervaise's telegraphy class at the School of Mines
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . The class for instruction in telegraphy, at the School of Mines, which was opened on Tuesday evening, has proved to be a great success. Twenty pupils, eighteen ladies and two gentlemen, began the course of instruction, that being the full number for which there is at present accommodation. Many more are anxious to join, and have paid the term fees, so as to secure the right to admission as vacancies occur. We believe that the council of the school intend to erect a gallery round the lecture-hall, so as to afford more space for pupils and instruments, and thus meet the demand for instruction. Mr Bechervaise was the lecturer, and instructed the pupils in the mysteries of the telegraphic alphabet. At the close of the lecture he presented each with his or her name and address written in the telegraph characters on a slip of paper, for each to study in the interval between the next lecture. Mr Bechervaise had to do all the work of arranging the instruments himself, as he did not receive the help from his assistants which he expected. The total number of pupils now attending the School of Mines is 86.
As previous, further detail of content
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . The telegraphic class at the School of Mines, under Mr Bechervaise, met on Tuesday evening, and from the progress the students have already made in their studies since the commencement, it is apparent that the whole class are earnest in what they have commenced. Mr Bechervaise is certainly a most explicit and practical lecturer on telegraphy, and, while verbally explaining the use of the instruments and force of electricity and its uses, practically demonstrates the uses and power and combination in a manner to be understood by all. The lecture on Tuesday evening commenced by a description and demonstration of the voltaic or galvanic current, after which the mode of making the local circuit was made plain, the lecturer impressing upon his pupils the necessity of thoroughly understanding these rudiments before attempting more difficult matters in connection with telegraphy. The connection between the main and local currents was then graphically explained, after which the students were again practised on the telegraphic alphabet, both by sound and sight. At the conclusion of the lecture several of the ladies visited the Telegraph office, when the purpose of the lecture was more practically demonstrated, many of the necessary instruments not having yet been fixed at the school. So far as the class has already advanced, both Mr Bechervaise and his pupils must be complimented upon the progress made after a course of only three lectures, some of the pupils giving ready answers to questions put by the lecturer, while they were under examination. A few visitors attended during the lecture, and appeared to take great interest in the proceedings.
Bechervaise's 20 students in telegraphy class revealed as overwhelmingly female
   MISCELLANEA. . . . The School of Mines, thanks to the unflagging energy of Mr Barnard, the registrar, the hearty interest taken in the school by some other of our local men, and the merits and importance of the education given at the school, have made that seminary the first of its kind in these colonies. The newest addition to the curriculum is the study of telegraphy. A class, comprising eighteen ladies and two gentlemen, has been recently formed under the auspices of Mr Bechervaise, the superintendent of the Ballarat Telegraph-office.
School of Mines details officers & staff for the coming financial year, Bechervaise as lecturer in telegraphy, McGowan and Ellery as examiners
   Education. INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. VISITOR: His Excellency the Governor. PRESIDENT: His Honor Sir Redmond Barry. VICE-PRESIDENT: His Honor Judge Rogers. TRUSTEES: His Honor Sir Redmond Barry. Somerville Livingstone Learmonth, Esq. Rivett Henry Bland, Esq. COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. *The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy, M.P. •The Hon. John A. MacPherson, M.P. *The Hon. Duncan Gillies, M.P. *The Hon. William McLellan, M.P. *F. McCoy, Esq., Professor, University of Melbourne. *Vacant. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. B. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. M. Davey, Esq. Joseph Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D. Robert Lewis, Esq., J.P, James McDowall, Esq., J.P. James Oddie, Esq., J.P. B. M. Serjeant, Esq. E. Steinfeld, Esq., J.P. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. J. Williamson, Esq. The Mayor of the City of Ballaarat; and The Chairman, for the time being, of each of the seven Mining Boards of Victoria. * = Honorary Councillors. ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. The Chairman of Mining Board, Ballaarat. President of Examiners — His Honor Judge Rogers. Honorary Auditor — Richard Ford, Esq. "To fit the miner by a general review of phenomena observed, and processes used in various localities, to adopt what is most suitable to the particular locality." "— — to form links in the chain of improvements." Warington W. Smyth, M.A., Cambridge. JULY TERM (b. 13th July, e. 19th September), 1874. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS: Mathematics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. Vacant. Mechanics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Natural Philosophy .. .. ditto Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. Robert Malachy Serjeant Mechanical Engineering .. .. Andrew Croll Mineralogy .. .. — Geology as applied to Mining .. .. ditto Metallurgy and Assaying .. .. Joseph Flude. Chemistry .. .. Joseph Flude. Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. Persons thinking of becoming Pupils are particularly invited to attend The School, and observe the method adopted of imparting instruction. JUNE and NOVEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Subjects. Examiners. Euclid (1st six books) .. .. G. J. Russell, M. A. & John Lynch, Auth. Surv. Algebra to Quadratic Equations .. .. ditto . Logarithms .. .. ditto. Trigonometry .. .. ditto. Description and use of Mathematical Instruments .. .. John Lynch, Auth. Surv. & P. C. Fitzpatrick, C.S. Drawing, including Plans and Sections, and plotting from Field Book .. .. ditto. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. ditto. Levelling .. .. ditto. Calculations of Areas and Quantities .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M Serjeant Drawing Plans for and construction of Machinery .. .. John Lewis. Selected Specifications .. .. ditto. Mechanics — Theoretical and Applied with calculation of strength and strain of Materials .. .. ditto. Natural Philosophy, including Heat Hydraulics Hydrostatics — the Steam Engine .. .. ditto. Mineralogy .. .. G. H. F. Ulrich, F.G.S. Geology to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy — Theoretical and Practical .. .. J. Cosmo Newbery, B.Sc. Assaying .. .. ditto. Inorganic Chemistry — Theoretical and Practical .. .. ditto. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F. R. S. & Sam. W. McGowan.

##### 1874 08

Bechervaise raised from fourth to third class in the Civil Service
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . After eighteen years’ service in the Telegraph Department of this colony we are glad to record the fact that Mr Bechervaise has been raised from the fourth to the third-class in the Civil Service. This increase in status is accompanied by increase in pay, and after seventeen years' residence in Ballarat, there are many people who will join us in our congratulations to Mr Bechervaise upon this recognition of his telegraphic skill and general efficiency.
As previous
   We are very glad to learn that Mr Bechervaise, our telegraph master, yesterday received notification from headquarters, that he had been promoted from the fourth to the third class of the Civil Service. This means improved status in the service, and an increased, and annually increasing, salary to that zealous and obliging official. Mr Bechervaise has had charge of the telegraph department of Ballarat for the last seventeen years, and has always given the fullest possible satisfaction to every person having business relationship with it. The promotion in this instance has been well earned, and we are glad that the opportunity is afforded to us of publicly stating this fact.

##### 1874 09

Postmistress at Gordon, one of Bechervaise's pupils with a view to dual duties as telegraph master
   Mr W. Clarke, M.L.A., yesterday presented a petition to the hon. the Postmaster-General, from 300 of the inhabitants of Gordon and Egerton, praying for the establishment of a telegraph office at the former place. At present the telegraph line from Ballarat to Ballan extends in front of the post office at Gordon, and it requires only a few yards of wire to carry the line into the office at Gordon. Mr. Turner stated that the post-mistress at Gordon was now taking lessons in telegraphy from Mr. Bechervaise, in the Ballarat office, and as soon as she was proficient in the art an office would be opened at Gordon.
Bechervaise again listed as lecturer in Telegraphy for School of Mines, fourth term
   Education. INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. VISITOR: His Excellency the Governor. PRESIDENT: His Honor Sir Redmond Barry. VICE-PRESIDENT: His Honor Judge Rogers. TRUSTEES: His Honor Sir Redmond Somerville Livingstone Learmonth, Esq. Rivett Henry Bland, Esq. COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. *The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy, M.P. *The Hon. John A. MacPher-son, M.P. *The Hon. Duncan Gillies, M.P. *The Hon. William McLellan, M.P. *F. McCoy, Esq., Professor, University of Melbourne. *Vacant. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. M. Davey, Esq. Joseph Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D. Robert Lewis, Esq., J.P. James McDowall, Esq., J.P. James Oddie, Esq., J.P. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. E. Steinfeld, Esq., J.P. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. J. Williamson, Esq. The Mayor of the City of Ballaarat; and *The Chairman, for the time being, of each of the seven Mining Boards of Victoria. *Honorary Councillors. ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. The Chairman of Mining Board, Ballaarat. President of Examiners — His Honor Judge Rogers. Honorary Auditor — Richard Ford, Esq. "To fit the miner by a general review of phenomena observed, and processes used in various localities, to adopt what is most suitable to the particular locality." "— — to form links in the chain of improvements." Warington W. Smyth, M.A., Cambridge. OCTOBER TERM (b. 12th October, e. 19th December), 1874. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS: Mathematics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. C. Wm. Thomas, Auth. Surv. Mechanics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Natural Philosophy .. .. ditto Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. Robert Malachy Serjeant Mechanical Engineering .. .. S. Keast Mineralogy .. .. — Geology as applied to Mining .. .. ditto Metallurgy and Assaying .. .. Joseph Flude. Chemistry .. .. Joseph Flude. Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. Persons thinking of becoming Pupils are particularly invited to attend The School, and observe the method adopted of imparting instruction. JUNE and NOVEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Subjects. Examiners. Euclid (1st six books) .. .. G. J. Russell, M. A. & John Lynch, Auth. Surv. Algebra to Quadratic Equations .. .. ditto . Logarithms .. .. ditto. Trigonometry .. .. ditto. Description and use of Mathematical Instruments .. .. John Lynch, Auth. Surv. & P. C. Fitzpatrick, C.S. Drawing, including Plans and Sections, and plotting from Field Book .. .. ditto. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. ditto. Levelling .. .. ditto. Calculations of Areas and Quantities .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M Serjeant Drawing Plans for and construction of Machinery .. .. John Lewis. Selected Specifications .. .. ditto. Mechanics — Theoretical and Applied with calculation of strength and strain of Materials .. .. ditto. Natural Philosophy, including Heat Hydraulics Hydrostatics — the Steam Engine .. .. ditto. Mineralogy .. .. G. H. F. Ulrich, F.G.S. Geology to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy — Theoretical and Practical .. .. J. Cosmo Newbery, B.Sc. Assaying .. .. ditto. Inorganic Chemistry — Theoretical and Practical .. .. ditto. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F. R. S. & Sam. W. McGowan.

##### 1874 10

The temporary telegraph office at the Ballarat Turf Club again does good business
   BALLARAT TURF CLUB SPRING MEETING. FIRST DAY.— THURSDAY, 15TH OCTOBER. Stewards — Messrs C. Ayrey, A. Chirnside, H. Eddington, H. Fisher, C. W. Gibson, W. Leonard, G. G. Morton, N. R. Macleod, H. Power, Le Poer Trench, A. Wilson. Judge — Mr H. Fisher. Starter — Mr J. Johnston. Clerk of the Course — Mr T. Wilson. Handicapper — Mr E. T. Barnard. Thursday was the first day of the Ballarat Turf Club Spring Meeting, and may be said to have passed off as successfully as could be desired, the weather being beautifully fine, the running very fair, and the attendance quite up to the average, although not so numerous as has been seen on some occasions on the course. . . . . The telegraph-office was under the charge of Mr Bechervaise, who, with his usual courtesy, assisted by a good staff of assistants, disposed of the messages with the utmost rapidity. The office must have done a good business during the day.
Bechervaise makes a donation to the School of Mines
   The School or Mines.— Subscriptions and donations received from 11th September to 15th October, 1871, acknowledged with thanks, were as follow:— Bechervaise, W. P., Ballarat, £1 1s; . . .
Establishment of the Pigoreet telegraph office, subject to the postmaster attending Bechervaise's telegraphy classes
   The hon. the Postmaster-General has intimated to Mr W. Clarke, M.L.A., that the telegraph line will be extended to Piggoreet, provided the local postmaster qualifies for the office by attending the telegraph class under Mr Bechervaise at the School of Mines, Ballarat.

##### 1874 12

Bechervaise again supervising the temporary telegraph office at the Ballarat Turf Club
   BALLARAT TURF CLUB MIDSUMMER MEETING. FIRST DAY.— FRIDAY, 4TH DECEMBER. Stewards.— Messrs C. Ayrey, A. Chirnside, H. Ed-dington, Hurtle Fisher, C. W. Gibson, W. Leonard, Geo. G. Morton, N. R. Macleod, H. Power, R. Le Poer Trench, and A. Wilson. Judge — Mr A. Fisken. Handicapper — Mr. E. T. Barnard. Starter — Mr J. Johnson. Clerk of the Course — Mr T. Wilson. The two days midsummer meeting of the Ballarat Turf Club commenced on Friday, at the Dowling Forest racecourse, but it cannot be said that the opening was very auspicious, the attendance of the public being very meagre, although the patrons and members of the club mustered in very fair numbers. The lawn, saddling paddock, and grand-stand did not present any very material change from previous meetings of the club, but there was a marked falling-off in the outside reserve, the attendance there not exceeding 400 persons, a large proportion of whom were intent on business. . . . The telegraph-office on the course was personally superintended by Mr Bechervaise, who was not kept so busy as usual on these occasions.
Bechervaise is presented with a gold locket by his telegraphy class students at the end of term
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . A very interesting affair took place at the close of the instruction given at the class in telegraphy at the School of Mines on Wednesday evening. There were nineteen students present, and Mr Kyran John O'Dee, on behalf of the students in the first class, presented Mr Bechervaise, the manager of the local Electric Telegraph-office, and instructor in the telegraphy classes, with a handsome gold locket, on which was the following inscription:— "A slight token of esteem to W. P. Bechervaise, Esq., from the first class in Telegraphy, Ballarat, 9th December, 1874." In making the presentation Mr O'Dee complimented, his instructor on the admirable manner in which he had imparted to the students the instruction in telegraphy. A feeling response was made by Mr Bechervaise.

#### 1875
##### 1875 01

Bechervaise again listed as lecturer in Telegraphy at School of Mines for first term 1875
   Education. INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. VISITOR: His Excellency the Governor. PRESIDENT: His Honor Sir Redmond Barry. VICE-PRESIDENT: His Honor Judge Rogers. TRUSTEES: His Honor Sir Redmond Barry Somerville Livingstone Learmonth, Esq. Rivett Henry Bland, Esq. COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. *The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy, M.P. *The Hon. John A. MacPherson, M.P. *The Hon. Duncan Gillies, M.P. *The Hon. William McLellan, M.P. *F. McCoy, Esq., Professor, University of Melbourne. *Rev. John I. Bleasdale, D.D., F.R.S. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. M. Davey, Esq. Joseph Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D. Robert Lewis, Esq., J.P. John Walker, Esq. James Oddie, Esq., J.P. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. J. Williamson, Esq. The Mayor of the City of Ballaarat; and The Chairman, for the time being, of each of the seven Mining Boards of Victoria. *Nominations vested in the Crown. ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. The Chairman of Mining Board, Ballaarat. President of Examiners — His Honor Judge Rogers. Honorary Auditor — Richard Ford, Esq. "To fit the miner by a general review of phenomena observed, and processes used in various localities, to adopt what is most suitable to the particular locality." "— — to form links in the chain of improvements." Warington W. Smyth, M.A., Cambridge. JANUARY TERM (b. 11th January, e. 20th March), 1875. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS: Mathematics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. C. Wm. Thomas, Auth. Surv. Mechanics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Natural Philosophy .. .. ditto Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. Robert Malachy Serjeant Mechanical Engineering .. .. Samson Keast Mineralogy .. .. — Geology as applied to Mining .. .. ditto Metallurgy and Assaying .. .. Joseph Flude. Chemistry .. .. Joseph Flude. Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. Persons thinking of becoming Pupils are particularly invited to attend The School, and observe the method adopted of imparting instruction. JUNE and NOVEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Subjects. Examiners. Euclid (1st six books) .. .. G. J. Russell, M. A. & John Lynch, Auth. Surv. Algebra to Quadratic Equations .. .. ditto . Logarithms .. .. ditto. Trigonometry .. .. ditto. Description and use of Mathematical Instruments .. .. John Lynch, Auth. Surv. & P. C. Fitzpatrick, C.S. Drawing, including Plans and Sections, and plotting from Field Book .. .. ditto. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. ditto. Levelling .. .. ditto. Calculations of Areas and Quantities .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M Serjeant Drawing Plans for and construction of Machinery .. .. John Lewis. Selected Specifications .. .. ditto. Mechanics — Theoretical and Applied with calculation of strength and strain of Materials .. .. ditto. Natural Philosophy, including Heat Hydraulics Hydrostatics — the Steam Engine .. .. ditto. Mineralogy .. .. G. H. F. Ulrich, F.G.S. Geology to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy — Theoretical and Practical .. .. J. Cosmo Newbery, B.Sc. Assaying .. .. ditto. Inorganic Chemistry — Theoretical and Practical .. .. ditto. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F. R. S. & Sam. W. McGowan. . . .
Bechervaise announces the opening of the Horsham Telegraph Office
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise informs us that telegraphic communication is now open to Horsham.

##### 1875 03

Bechervaise visits Sydney
   SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. HOBSON'S BAY. . . . CLEARED OUT.— MARCH 25. . . . You Yangs, s. s., 457 tons, A. Thrussell, for Sydney. Passengers — saloon: Mrs. McLauchlan, Mrs. Dyer and child, Mrs. Murphy, Miss Gorman, Miss Walker, Miss Bishop, Mrs. Davis and four children, Mrs. Coggins, Misses Coggins (two), Mrs. James, Mrs. Danks, Mrs. Wilkinson, Messrs. B. G. Davies, M.L.A., J. D. Langridge, M.L.A., John Martin, H. Walker, John Johnson, Edward Hassel, F. Pearson, Donald McRae, R. James, W. P. Bechervaise, H. Hedderwich, R. E. Lewis, A. B. Solomon, Wm. Powell, John Danks, A. H. McMillan, F. E. Beaver, J. Scott, G. Ford, W. S. Cox, T. T. Cutbush, A. B Joske, S. Hellier, J. Murphy, L. Duval, P. B. Turnbull, James Turnbull, David Young, E. N. Glass, W. H. Gallop, Bavin; and 52 in the steerage. W. H. Smith, agent.

##### 1875 04

Bechervaise heads back to Melbourne from Sydney
   CLEARANCES.— April 1. Wentworth (s.), 650 tons, Captain Paddle, for Melbourne. Passengers — Mrs. Bruce, Miss Bruce, Mrs. C. Jones, Mrs. Walton, Mrs. O'Sullivan, Mrs. Cooper, Mrs. Jones, Mrs. Jamieson, Mrs. J. J. Lade, Messrs. R. Outran, W. McArthur, W. Bruce, C. M. Maxwell, J. E. Beaver, E. Myers, F. Desailly, G. Desailly, Walton, Master Walton, W. P. Bechervaise, O'Sullivan, W. T. Cooper, Gotch, A. C. Heunerbine, E. S. Holland, Majendi, and 18 in the steerage.
Bechervaise arrives back in Melbourne
   SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. HOBSON'S BAY. . . . Arrived . . . April 4 . . . Wentworth, s.s., 954 tons, B. Paddle, from Sydney. Passengers — saloon: Mr. and Mrs. William Bruce, Mr. and Mrs. O'Sullivan, Mr. and Mrs. Walton, Mr. and Mrs. W. T. Cooper, Mrs. Chas. Jones, Miss Bruce, Mrs. J. J. Lade, Mrs. Jones, Messrs. W. R. Outram, W. McArthur, C. M. Maxwell, F. E. Beaver, E. Myers, W. P. Bechervaise, E. S. Holland, Gotch, Magendie, Huenerbein, Master Walton; and 11 in the steerage. W. P. White and Co., agents.
Bechervaise listed by School of Mines as Telegraphy lecturer
   INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. VISITOR: His Excellency the Governor. PRESIDENT: The Hon. Sir Redmond Barry. VICE-PRESIDENT: His Honor Judge Rogers. TRUSTEES: The Hon. Sir Redmond Barry. Somerville Livingstone Learmonth, Esq. Rivett Henry Bland, Esq. COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. *The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan J. M. Davey: Esq. Duffy. *The Hon. John A. MacPherson, M.L.A. *The Hon. Duncan Gillies, M.L.A. *The Hon. William McLellan, M.L.A. *F. McCoy, Esq., Professor, University of Melbourne. *Rev. John I. Bleasdale, D.D., F.R.S. W. H. Barnard, Esq. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. M. Davey, Esq. Joseph Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D. Robert Lewis, Esq., J.P. James Oddie, Esq., J.P. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. John Walker, Esq. J. Williamson, Esq. The Mayor of the City of Ballaarat; and The Chairman, for the time being, of each of the seven Mining Boards of Victoria. *Nominations vested in the Crown. ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D., J.P. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. The Chairman of Mining Board, Ballaarat. President of Examiners — His Honor Judge Rogers. Honorary Auditor — Richard Ford, Esq. "To fit the miner by a general review of phenomena observed, and processes used in various localities, to adopt what is most suitable to the particular locality." "— — to form links in the chain of improvements." Warington W. Smyth, M.A., Cambridge. APRIL TERM (b. 12th April, e. 19th June), 1875. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS: Mathematics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. C. Wm. Thomas, Mining and Auth. Surv. Mechanics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Natural Philosophy .. .. ditto Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. Robert Malachy Serjeant Mechanical Engineering .. .. Samson Keast Mineralogy .. .. — — Geology as applied to Mining .. .. — — Metallurgy and Assaying .. .. Joseph Flude. Chemistry .. .. Joseph Flude. Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. Persons thinking of becoming Pupils are particularly invited to attend The School, and observe the method adopted of imparting instruction. JUNE and NOVEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Subjects. Examiners. Euclid (1st six books) .. .. G. J. Russell, M.A.; John Lynch, Auth. Surv. Algebra to Quadratic Equations .. .. ditto. Logarithms .. .. ditto. Trigonometry .. .. ditto. Description and use of Mathematical Instruments .. .. John Lynch, Auth. Surv.; P. C. Fitzpatrick, C.S. Drawing, including Plans and Sections and plotting from Field Book .. .. ditto. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. ditto. Levelling .. .. ditto. Calculations of Areas and Quantities .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M. Serjeant. Drawing Plans, for and construction of Machinery .. .. John Lewis. Selected Specifications .. .. ditto. Mechanics — Theoretical and Applied with calculation of strength and strain of Materials .. .. ditto. Natural Philosophy, including Heat Hydraulics Hydrostatics — the Steam Engine .. .. ditto. Mineralogy .. .. G. H. F. Ulrich, F.G.S. Geology as applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy — Theoretical and Practical .. .. J. Cosmo Newbery, B.Sc. Assaying .. .. ditto. Inorganic Chemistry — Theoretical and Practical .. .. ditto. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F.R.S.; Sam. W. McGowan.
Bechervaise again makes a donation to the School of Mines
   The School of Mines, Ballarat.— Subscriptions received since 11th March to 8th April, 1875, and acknowledged with thanks:— L. Ballhausen, Running Creek, Ovens, £2 2s; James Coghlan, Ballarat, £1 1s; William Fly, Ballarat, 5s; W. L. Gilbert, Cardigan, 10s 6d; London Chartered Bank of Australia, Ballarat, £2 2s; Samuel Steel, Ballarat, £1 1s; Union Bank of Australia, Ballarat, £2 2s; J. F. Usher, M.D., Ballarat; £1 1s; M. P. Whiteside, Ballarat, £1 1s; total, £11 5s 6d. Towards the Pyrites, Fund:— W. P. Bechervaise, £1 1s; J. Flude, £1 1s; Accident Fund, Happy Valley Company, Ovens, £8 13s 9d. Towards the Endowment Fund:— J. Ware, Yallay-Poora, £20; Buninyongshire Council, £5.

##### 1875 05

Comprehensive background and overview of Bechervaise's telegraphy classes at the School of Mines
   THE SCHOOL OF MINES. IX. The invention, par excellence, of the present century is the electric telegraph as now in use all over the civilised world — in land, in mighty ocean's bed, instantaneously transmitting men's thought between stations separated by the thickness of a wall, or the breadth of the boundless sea. And yet how very few people there are in the colony or amongst the world's mass of humanity who know anything at all about the first principles of telegraphy. In this respect at least their education has been neglected. In telegraphy the first observed fact of amber attracting small bits of feather, the germ of the noble invention of the telegraph, lay entombed, unproductive for centuries. This was frictional electricity, and the experiment, though so easy of performance and so old, even now astonishes most people. Variations of the phenomenon — a piece of sealing-wax being substituted for the amber always amuses children, and those of larger growth are also sometimes surprised when passing a vulcanised comb through their hair of a frosty night in a dry room by the sparks emitted with reports of lilliputian artillery. But the amusement and surprise are all the result of the observed phenomena, no enquiry being made as to the cause and nature of the facts. Unfortunately this is the way of the world, and hence from the time of Thales to William IV., the electric telegraph was developing. All the great nations of the earth seem to have had a finger in the pie — the canny Scot, the inventive Yankee, the experimental German, Frenchman, and Italian, and the practical Englishman have all in their day and generation added "line upon line, here a little, there a little" to the latest, as well as the greatest, of practical science-arts. But we must close our introductory remarks, our business being to present to our readers a word-picture of the School of Mines classes in the art. By the way, the full title of the school includes "Industries;" and whether the council thought telegraphy came under that heading, or desired "to take time by the fore-lock," and to instruct the students in what may come to be imprest into the service of mining, we know not; it is, however, evident that the responsibility has been wisely undertaken, for since the formation of classes nearly twelve months ago, under the superintendence of Mr Bechervaise, the manager of the Electric Telegraph office in this city, no fewer than 62 students have joined them, of whom 22 have satisfactorily passed their exanimation in the subject. The first step a student takes, after purchasing his textbook and hiring a manipulator, or key (which can be done at the school), is to learn his - —, — - - -, — - — - (A.B.C.) and all he can about the sources of electricity, voltaic and galvanic batteries (the youthful experiment of receiving a shock from the copper penny on one surface of his tongue and a piece of zinc on the other coming strangely to his remembrance), the direction of currents, all about "open" and "closed" circuits, electromotive force, tension, quantity, induction, magnetism, construction of lines, insulation, and putting offices in circuit. All this information he can readily acquire by attending his class twice a week at the hour of seven in the evening. But something more than this is requisite to pass examination. He must also be up in manipulating, so as to transmit messages accurately and quickly, and in receiving, that is, in reading those sent to him. To accomplish all this a portion of the lecture-hall has been fitted-up as a class-room, with the several instruments and a circuit of two terminal stations, formed by a line run across the hall between two instruments on opposite sides of the room, with twain batteries, the opposite poles of which are connected to earth plates just outside the main building. It was a long time before people found out that the earth had anything to do with the telegraphing of signals. It may be remembered that in the last generation the air seemed to monopolise the art, as the telegraph semaphore at the Admiralty in Westminster, which, some forty years ago, wind and weather permitting, used to flap out its messages. The earth being itself a conductor was, of course, as usual, only an accidental discovery. However, the fact of the earth's powers in the forming of circuits is now part and parcel of telegraphic knowledge, and Mr Bechervaise has a nice contrivance — an earth-switch he calls it — by which the circuit now formed between instruments A and B at the school can be divided. Four instruments are on the "short circuit" for the purpose of practice in manipulation. The text books used are by Calley, Sabine, Noad, and Pope, the last-mentioned being an expensive American work, copies of which have been obtained from New York and supplied to students, only recently, at the publishing price. Sabine's little book, published by Weale at 3s, is both a cheap and useful manual, and with that helper many an hour can be profitably spent by the student in the lecture-hall between the hours of 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. in good hard practice. The system of telegraphy taught in the school is known as "The Morse recording system," and all the several parts of the requisite apparatus are well worth investigation, and the diagramatic arrangement of the wires forming the different connections between relay, register, key, battery, &c., is very good and instructive, if not novel. The students in these classes are of both sexes, and come from Little River, Clunes, Mount Pleasant, Sebastopol and Ballarat. Some of them were previously operators in telegraph-offices. No clearer evidence could be demanded, that the technical instruction afforded by the school in telegraphy is a public want. In concluding this division of our papers, the classes, we may be allowed to remark that the methodical arrangements whereby students can avail themselves of the attainments of gentlemen well up in the several matters of which they are masters, and of practising with apparatus of superior quality, are potent elements of success. Indeed, all that is done at the School of Mines, Ballarat, seems to be on principle, and on good and high principle too. On entering the school a person makes the usual declaration, that he will faithfully obey the statutes and rules, and submit respectfully to the constituted authorities; thereupon he becomes an enrolled student, and as such receives a "charge" or address, of which the following is the purport:— Having become associated with an honorable institution, honorable on account of its seeking to elevate those who thus join themselves to it, by imparting to them a thorough, scientific, and practical education in the subject of their choice, it will doubtless be the desire of the student, as it is his duty, to endeavor on his part to maintain its dignity. The subject of study being of his own choosing, it is expected that the student will excel in it; this he can only hope to attain to by diligent care. And at the council by admitting him to the privileges of a student, to a certain extent places in his keeping the school's honor, he should do all in his power to preserve it inviolate, and on no account to behave so as to bring discredit on the school, but to look forward to the time, when his labors shall be rewarded with the highest honor the school can bestow upon him, namely a certificate of competency.

##### 1875 07

Bechervaise again listed as lecturer in Telegraphy for School of Mines
   INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. VISITOR: His Excellency the Governor. PRESIDENT: The Hon. Sir Redmond Barry. VICE-PRESIDENT: His Honor Judge Rogers. TRUSTEES: The Hon. Sir Redmond Barry. Somerville Livingstone Learmonth, Esq. Rivett Henry Bland, Esq. COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. *The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy. *The Hon. John A. MacPherson, M.L.A. *The Hon. Duncan Gillies, M.L.A. *The Hon. William McLellan, M.L.A. *F. McCoy, Esq., Professor, University of Melbourne. *Rev. John I. Bleasdale, D.D., F.R.S. W. H. Barnard, Esq. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. M. Davey, Esq. Joseph Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D. Robert Lewis, Esq., J.P. James Oddie, Esq., J.P. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. John Walker, Esq. J. Williamson, Esq. The Mayor of the City of Ballaarat; and Chairman, for the time being, of each of the seven Mining Boards of Victoria. *Nominations vested in the Crown. ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D., J.P. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. The Chairman of Mining Board, Ballaarat. President of Examiners — His Honor Judge Rogers. Honorary Auditor — Richard Ford, Esq. "To fit the miner by a general review of phenomena observed, and processes used in various localities, to adopt what is most suitable to the particular locality." "— — to form links in the chain of improvements." Warington W. Smyth, M.A., Cambridge. JULY TERM (b. 12th July, e. 18th Sept.), 1875. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS: Mathematics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. C. Wm. Thomas, Mining and Auth. Surv. Mechanics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Natural Philosophy .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. Robert Malachy Serjeant Mechanical Engineering .. .. Samson Keast Mineralogy .. .. — — Geology as applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy and Assaying .. .. Joseph Flude, Chemistry .. .. Joseph Flude. Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. German .. .. — — Persons thinking of becoming Pupils are particularly invited to attend The School, and observe the method adopted of imparting instruction. JUNE and NOVEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Subjects. Examiners. Euclid (1st six books) .. .. G. J. Russell, M. A & John Lynch, Auth. Surv. Algebra to Quadratic Equations .. .. ditto. Logarithms .. .. ditto. Trigonometry .. .. ditto. Description and use of Mathematical Instruments .. .. John Lynch, Auth. Surv. & P. C. Fitzpatrick, C.S. Drawing, including Plans and Sections, and plotting from Field Book .. .. ditto. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. ditto. Levelling .. .. ditto. Calculations of Areas and Quantities .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M. Serjeant. Drawing Plans for and construction of Machinery .. .. John Lewis. Selected Specifications .. .. ditto. Mechanics — Theoretical and Applied with calculation of strength and strain of Materials .. .. — — Natural Philosophy, including Heat Hydraulics Hydrostatics — the Steam Engine .. .. ditto Mineralogy .. .. G. H. F. Ulrich, F.G.S. Geology applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy — Theoretical and Practical .. .. J. Cosmo Newbery, B.Sc. Assaying .. .. ditto. Inorganic Chemistry — Theoretical and Practical .. .. ditto. APRIL and OCTOBER EXAMINATIONS. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F.R.S. & Sam. W. McGowan. . . .
Bechervaise announces opening of Maffra telegraph office
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise informs us that a telegraph-office has been opened at Maffra, Gippsland.

##### 1875 08

Bechervaise announces the opening of the Blackwood telegraph office with Miss Louise Hansen in charge
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise informs us that on and after today the Electric Telegraph office at Blackwood will be opened. Miss Louise Hansen is the officer in charge.

##### 1875 09

Bechervaise announces the opening of the Oakleigh telegraph office
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Bechervaise informs us that a telegraph-office is now open at Oakleigh.

##### 1875 10

Bechervaise again listed as lecturer in telegraphy for the final 1875 term at School of Mines
   INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. VISITOR: His Excellency the Governor. PRESIDENT: The Hon. Sir Redmond Barry. VICE-PRESIDENT: His Honor Judge Rogers. TRUSTEES: The Hon. Sir Redmond Barry. Somerville Livingstone Learmonth, Esq. Rivett Henry Bland, Esq. COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President *The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy. *The Hon. John A. MacPherson, M.L.A. *The Hon. Duncan Gillies M.L.A. *The Hon. William McLellan, M.L.A. *F. McCoy, Esq., Professor, University of Melbourne. *Rev. John I. Bleasdale, D.D., F.R.S. W. H. Barnard, Esq. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. M. Davey, Esq. Joseph Flude, Esq. Aug. Hoelscher, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D. Robert Lewis, Esq., J.P James Oddie, Esq., J.P. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. Asr. S.M.B. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. John Walker, Esq. J. Williamson, Esq. The Mayor of the City of Ballaarat; and The Chairman, for the time being, of each of the seven Mining Boards of Victoria. *Nominations vested in the Crown. ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. J. M. Bickett, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. Flude, Esq. R. F. Hudson, Esq., M.D., J.P. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. The Chairman of Mining Board, Ballaarat President of Examinations — His Honor Judge Rogers. Honorary Auditor — Richard Ford, Esq. "To fit the miner by a general review of phenomena observed, and processes used in various localities, to adopt what is most suitable to the particular locality." "— — to form links in the chain of improvements." Warington W. Smyth, M.A., Cambridge. OCTOBER TERM (b. 11th Oct., e. 18th Dec.), 1875. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS: Mathematics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. C. Wm. Thomas, Mining and Auth. Surv. Mechanics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Natural Philosophy .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. Robert Malachy Serjeant Mechanical Engineering .. .. Samson Keast Mineralogy .. .. — — Geology as applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy and Assaying .. .. Joseph Flude. Chemistry .. .. Joseph Flude. Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. German .. .. F. J. Thomas, B.A. French .. .. Ado. Rayroux, Univ. Paris Persons thinking of becoming Pupils are particularly invited to attend The School, and observe the method adopted of imparting instruction. JUNE and NOVEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Subjects. Examiners. Euclid (1st six books) .. .. G. J. Russell, M. A & John Lynch, Auth. Surv. Algebra to Quadratic Equations .. .. ditto. Logarithms .. .. ditto. Trigonometry .. .. ditto. Description and use of Mathematical Instruments .. .. John Lynch, Auth. Surv. & P. C. Fitzpatrick, C.S. Drawing, including Plans and Sections, and plotting from Field Book .. .. ditto. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. ditto. Levelling .. .. ditto. Calculations of Areas and Quantities .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M. Serjeant. Drawing Plans for and construction of Machinery .. .. John Lewis. Selected Specifications .. .. ditto. Mechanics — Theoretical and Applied with calculation of strength and strain of Materials .. .. — — Natural Philosophy, including Heat Hydraulics Hydrostatics — the Steam Engine .. .. ditto Mineralogy .. .. G.H.F. Ulrich, F.G.S. Geology applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy — Theoretical and Practical .. .. J. Cosmo Newbery, B.Sc. Assaying .. .. ditto. Inorganic Chemistry — Theoretical and Practical .. .. ditto. APRIL and OCTOBER EXAMINATIONS. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F.R.S. & Sam. W. McGowan.
Brief comment on the strange attraction of Bechervaise's telegraphy classes
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise's telegraphy classes are patronised by all sorts of people. There seems to be a fascination in the art, apart from its value in bread-winning, but the greater portion of the students, of course, look to it as a stepping stone to government employment.

##### 1875 11

Ballarat Postmaster, William Thacker, passes
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . We are sorry to record the death, at 5 p.m. on Sunday, of Mr Thacker, postmaster, Ballarat. He was seized with an apoplectic attack at 2 a.m. on Thursday, and never spoke or betrayed any sign of consciousness from that time till death. The deceased, who was in his 60th year, was one of the oldest government officers, having for some thirty years been in the Civil Service of Victoria. For twenty years he was stationed in Geelong, whence he came five years ago to Ballarat, and in both places he proved himself to be a most efficient officer. He has left a widow and two children. The remains of deceased will be conveyed by midday train on Tuesday to Geelong for burial, the funeral moving from the Geelong station on the arrival of the train.
Death notice for the Ballarat Postmaster, William Thacker
   DEATH. THACKER.— On Sunday, 7th November, at 5 p.m., at the Post-office, Ballarat, William Thacker, Postmaster, in the sixtieth year of his age.
Post-office officials carry the remains of William Thacker to the Geelong train
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . The remains of the late Mr Thacker will be conveyed from the Post-office to the Geelong train at eleven o'clock this morning, and will be followed by all the Post-office officials dressed in their new uniforms of scarlet and black. The coffin will be carried by some of the officers in the Post-office.
As previous, Bechervaise one of the pall-bearers in the funeral cortege
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . The remains of Mr Thacker, late postmaster in Ballarat, were conveyed to Geelong on Tuesday by the midday train. The funeral cortege from the post-office to the railway station was of such a character as to show at once the respect in which the deceased was held by those who had for many years worked under his direction. Eight postmen, dressed in their new scarlet uniform, with a band of crape round the left arm, carried the coffin to the station; four of them carried it to Mair-street, and the other four finished the mournful ceremony. Several post-men led the procession, and the following persons acted as pall-bearers, viz., Messrs W. P. Bechervaise, T. Harte, O. M. Nicholson, and J. Whitehead. Amongst the mourners was Mr Henry Thacker, of Geelong, brother of the deceased. The coffin was placed in the railway hearse and taken to Geelong, where, we understand, it was borne to the grave by the Geelong postmen. A very large number of persons lined each side of Lydiard street whilst the funeral procession went to the Western Railway-station.
Bechervaise is promoted to postmaster Ballarat with responsibility also for telegraph office
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise has been appointed postmaster for Ballarat, with charge also of the telegraph station. In the combined departments Mr Bechervaise will have thirty-six permanent officers under him, and in mail times a dozen or so more, so that the responsibilities and labor of the double office will, obviously, be no small burden. But, then, Mr Bechervaise is so experienced a captain already that we have no doubt he will very efficiently discharge his onerous duties. He has in-creased his crew certainly, and a David Blair sort of fellow hints at our elbow that the s-crew will also be increased, so we suppose the advent of so courteous and capable a gentleman as Mr Bechervaise to this new double office will be satisfactory all round.
As previous, from the Argus
   BALLARAT. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) FRIDAY EVENING. . . . Mr. Bechervaise, for many years superintendent of the telegraphic station here, has been appointed postmaster, in the room of the late Mr. Thacker, deceased, and will continue to fill the double appointment.
As previous, from the Age
   NEWS OF THE DAY. . . . The Star states that Mr. Bechervaise has been appointed postmaster for Ballarat, with charge also of the telegraph station. The promotion was made in consequence of the death of Mr. Thacker, the previous post-master.
Bechervaise now responsible for notices for both post office and telegraph office
   POST-OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for the United Kingdom, Europe, America, &c., will be made up at this office on Wednesday, the 1st December, for despatch by the Royal Mail Steamship China. The times appointed for closing are:— For Registered Letters at 4 p.m.; for Ordinary Letters, Packets, and Newspapers, at 6 p.m. Money Orders on the United Kingdom will not be issued after 1 p.m. on Wednesday, 1st December. A Supplementary Mail for Letters only will be made up for despatch via Queenscliff, on Thursday morning, the 2nd December, at 5 o'clock. WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Office, Ballarat, 23rd November, 1875.

##### 1875 12

Sample Bechervaise housekeeping
   POST-OFFICE NOTICE. Mails will be made up at this office for the undermentioned places:— Mails for Honolulu, San Francisco and London, will be made up on Monday, 13th instant, for despatch to Sydney. The time appointed for closing is, for letters, newspapers, and packets, Five a.m. Letters &c., for the United Kingdom and the Continent of Europe, will not be forwarded by this route unless fully pre-paid and specially endorsed "Via California." WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Office, Ballarat, 7th December, 1875.

#### 1876
##### 1876 01

Bechervaise again listed as lecturer in telegraphy for first term 1876 at School of Mines
   INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. VISITOR: His Excellency the Governor. PRESIDENT: The Hon. Sir Redmond Barry. VICE-PRESIDENT: His Honor Judge Rogers. TRUSTEES: The Hon. Sir Redmond Barry. Somerville Livingstone Learmonth, Esq. Rivett Henry Bland, Esq. COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. *The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy. *The Hon. John A. MacPherson, M.L.A. *The Hon. Duncan Gillies M.L.A. *The Hon. William McLellan, M.L.A. *F. McCoy, Esq., Professor, University of Melbourne. *Rev. John I. Bleasdale, D.D., F.R.S. W. H. Barnard, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. M. Davey, Esq. Joseph Flude, Esq. Aug. Hoelscher, Esq. A. Hoelscher, Esq. Robert Lewis, Esq., J.P James Oddie, Esq., J.P. John Osborne, Esq. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. Asr. S.M.B. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. John Walker, Esq. C. M. Watson, Esq. J. N. Wilson, Esq. The Mayor of the City of Ballaarat; and The Chairman, for the time being, of each of the seven Mining Boards of Victoria. *Nominations vested in the Crown. ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL. The President and the Vice-President. W. H. Barnard H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. Flude, Esq. A. Hoelscher, Esq. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. Asr. S.M.B. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. The Chairman of Mining Board, Ballaarat. President of Examinations — His Honor Judge Rogers. Honorary Solicitor — The Hon. H. Cuthbert, M.L.C. Honorary Auditor — Richard Ford, Esq. "To fit the miner by a general review of phenomena observed, and processes used in various localities, to adopt what is most suitable to the particular locality." "— — to form links in the chain of improvements." Warington W. Smyth, M.A., Cambridge. JANUARY TERM (b. 17th Jan., e. 18th March), 1876. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS: Mathematics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. C. Wm. Thomas, Mining and Auth. Surv. Mechanics .. .. John Victor, T.C.D. Natural Philosophy .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. Robert Malachy Serjeant Mechanical Engineering .. .. John James. Mineralogy .. .. — — Geology as applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy and Assaying .. .. Joseph Flude. Chemistry .. .. Joseph Flude. Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. German .. .. F. J. Thomas, B.A. French .. .. Ado. Rayroux, Univ. Paris Persons thinking of becoming Pupils are particularly invited to attend The School, and observe the method adopted of imparting instruction. JUNE and DECEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Subjects. Examiners. Euclid (1st six books) .. .. G. J. Russell, M. A & John Lynch, Auth. Surv. Algebra to Quadratic Equations .. .. ditto. Logarithms .. .. ditto. Trigonometry .. .. ditto. Description and use of Mathematical Instruments .. .. John Lynch, Auth. Surv. & P. C. Fitzpatrick, C.S. Drawing, including Plans and Sections, and plotting from Field Book .. .. ditto. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. ditto. Levelling .. .. ditto. Calculations of Areas and Quantities .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M. Serjeant. Drawing Plans for and construction of Machinery .. .. John Lewis. Selected Specifications .. .. ditto. Mechanics — Theoretical and Applied with calculation of strength and strain of Materials .. .. — — Natural Philosophy, including Heat Hydraulics Hydrostatics — the Steam Engine .. .. ditto Mineralogy .. .. G. H. F. Ulrich, F.G.S. Geology applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy — Theoretical and Practical .. .. J. Cosmo Newbery, B.Sc. Assaying .. .. ditto. Inorganic Chemistry — Theoretical and Practical .. .. ditto. MARCH and SEPTEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F.R.S. & Sam. W. McGowan.
Bechervaise commences his classes
   Seventeen new students have joined the classes at the School of Mines this term. As yet many of the old students have not put in an appearance. Last night the lecturers in attendance were Mr Bechervaise in telegraphy, and Mr Rayroux in French. To-night Mr Flude in chemistry, Mr C. W. Thomas in surveying, and Mr F. J. Thomas in German, will attend.
Bechervaise's son, Herbert Price, a pupil-teacher at Ballarat East school, a good cricketer
   CRICKET. . . . A cricket match, between the Ballarat City and Ballarat East pupil-teachers, will be played on the City Oval on Saturday next. The teams will be chosen from the following:— City — P. McGregor, J. M. McGregor, Harvey, Burns, Glasson, Sutton, Smith, White, Cor-let, Bell, Gilbert, and Frazer. East — Bechervaise, Partridge, Duffy, Blight, Eudy, Hocking, Gray, Bailey, Bradley, Payne, Conlon, Oldfield. Wickets to be pitched at 9 o'clock.

##### 1876 02

As previous, Bechervaise's son, Herbert Price, a pupil-teacher at Ballarat East school, a good cricketer
   The following players will represent the B.C.C. to-day on the Eastern Oval against the Queen Victoria C.C. at two o'clock sharp:— Messrs Bryce, C. D. Figgis, Herbert, Turner, Scates, Franklin, Bennett, Dale, Mackay, Field, Thompson, Williams, and Bechervaise. In consequence of this contest, the match which was to have been played between the Queen Victoria C.C. and the Ballarat North C.C. stands postponed.
As previous, Bechervaise's son, Herbert Price, a pupil-teacher at Ballarat East school, a good cricketer, plays in the Ballarat Cricket Club first eighteen
   A match was played on Saturday, at the Eastern Oval, between the B.C.C. first eleven and the next eighteen. The eighteen went in first, and made 47. The first eleven followed, and gained an easy victory, with seven wickets and 33 runs to spare. The following are the scores on both sides:— Eighteen. Pateman, b Mackay ..... 8 Crow, c Franklin, b E. Figgis ..... 1 R. Harry, b Mackay ..... 1 Sherard, b B. Figgis ..... 8 Williams, b Mackay ..... 2 Bryce, b E. Figgis ..... 0 Wimble, run out ..... 5 Toms, b Mack ..... 1 Wilkinson, run out ..... 3 Turton, run out ..... 6 Keenan, b Mackay ..... 0 Young, b E. Figgis ..... 4 Bechervaise, b Herbert ..... 6 Dimelow, not out ..... 6 Lambert, b Herbert ..... 0 Blakey, run out ..... 0 Rolands, c E. Figgis, b B. J. Figgis ..... 1 Porritt, b J. Figgis ..... 0 Total ..... 47 First Eleven. Williamson, b Bryce ..... 7 B. J. Figgis, b Bryce ..... 4 Oldham, c Bryce, b Bechervaise ..... 21 Franklin, not out ..... 23 Turner, not out ..... 11 Byes, 3; wide, 1 ..... 4 Total (with three wickets down) ..... 70
Myrniong telegraph office opens under a pupil of Bechervaise
   A telegraph office has been opened at Myrniong, under the charge of Mr G. M. Simmons, who was taught telegraphy at the School of Mines, Ballarat, by the lecturer, Mr Bechervaise.
Typical housekeeping for Bechervaise
   POST OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for the United Kingdom, Europe, America, &c., will be made up at this office on Wednesday, 23rd February, for despatch by the R.M.S. China. The times appointed for closing are:— For registered letters, ordinary packets, and news-papers, at six p.m. Money orders on the United Kingdom will not be issued after one p.m. on Wednesday, the 23rd Feb-ruary. A Supplementary Mail, for letters only, will be made up for despatch via Queenscliff on Thursday morning, 24th February, at five o'clock. WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Office, Ballarat, 17th February, 1876.

##### 1876 03

Typical housekeeping for Bechervaise
   POST-OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for Fiji, Honolulu, San Francisco, and London, will be made up at this office at half past five o'clock on the morning of Tuesday, 7th March. Letters, &c., for the United Kingdom and the Continent of Europe will not be forwarded by this route unless fully pre-paid and specially endorsed, "Via California." WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat, 29th February, 1876
As previous, Bechervaise's son, Herbert Price, a pupil-teacher at Ballarat East school, a good cricketer, plays in the Ballarat Cricket Club second eleven
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . The following second eleven of the B.C.C. will play at Gordon on Saturday against the local club, viz.:— Messrs Embling, Sweeney, Morey, sen., Slater, Thompson, Pateman, Young, Keenan, Bechervaise, Sherrard, sen., and Bryant. The team will start from Welling-ton's livery stables, Armstrong street, at a quarter to 9 a.m.
As previous, Bechervaise's son, Herbert Price, a pupil-teacher at Ballarat East school, a good cricketer, plays in a team of pupil teachers against the Ballarat Cricket Club and top scores for his team
   CRICKET. B.C.C. V PUPIL TEACHERS. A match was played yesterday, on the Eastern Oval, between teams chosen from the above, and re-sulted in a very close game. Victory was declared in favor of the B.C.C., who made 78 against their oppo-nents' 74. For the B.C.C. Scates made the highest score — 33, not out — by very fair play, only one other of the eleven getting into double figures. Pateman, for the same side, carried off bowling honors. The most noteworthy features in the play of the pupil teachers were the excellent bowling of Harvey and the batting of Bechervaise, the 20 runs made by the latter being put together by a very creditable display of cricket, without giving a chance. The following are the scores:— B.C.C. Antcliffe, b Harvey ... 0 F. M. Franklin, c Gray, b Penhall ... 10 R. Pateman, b Harvey ... 5 W. Coxon, run out ... 4 G. Williams, thrown out ... 7 E. Scates, not out ... 33 R. Harry, b Harvey ... 5 Blaikie, b Harvey ... 2 Rowlands, b Harvey ... 2 Wilkinson, b Harvey ... 4 Dawe, b Harvey ... 0 Sundries ... 6 Total ... 78 Pupil Teachers. P. Young, b Pateman ... 5 P. McGregor, b Pateman ... 0 J. C. Corlett, b Pateman ... 14 Bechervaise, not out ... 20 Harvey, c Scates, b Harry ... 0 T. Gray, b Pateman ... 4 Blight, b Pateman ... 0 R. Gray, b Pateman ... 15 Burns, run out ... 2 P. Axford, c and b Coxon ... 0 Sundries ... 14 Total ... 74

##### 1876 04

Bechervaise supervises an experimental internal telegraph line within the School of Mines
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . The Electric Telegraph Department has consented to a line being laid down to connect the office of the registrar of the School of Mines with the school laboratory, and Mr Bechervaise is now superintending the work.
Bechervaise is again listed as lecturer in telegraphy for April/June term at School of Mines
   INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. VISITOR: His Excellency the Governor. PRESIDENT: The Hon. Sir Wm. Foster Stawell, Kt. VICE-PRESIDENT: His Honor Judge Rogers. TRUSTEES: The Hon. Sir Redmond Barry. Somerville Livingstone Learmonth, Esq. Rivett Henry Bland, Esq. COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. *The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy. *The Hon. John A. MacPherson, M.L.A. *The Hon. Duncan Gillies, M.L.A. *The Hon. William McLellan, M.L.A. *F. McCoy, Esq., Prof. University of Melbourne. *Rev. John I. Bleasdale, D.D., F.G.S. W. H. Barnard, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. M. Davey, Esq. Joseph Flude, Esq. Aug. Hoelscher, Esq. Robert Lewis, Esq., J.P James Oddie, Esq., J.P. John Osborne, Esq. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. Asr. S.M.B. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. John Walker, Esq. C. M. Watson, Esq. J. N. Wilson, Esq. The Mayor of the City of Ballaarat; and The Chairman, for the time being, of each of the seven Mining Boardsof Victoria. *Nominations vested in the Crown. ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL. The President and the Vice-President. W. H. Barnard, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. Flude, Esq. A. Hoelscher, Esq. R. M. Serjeant,Esq. Asr. S.M.B. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. The Chairman of Mining Board, Ballaarat. President of Examinations — His Honor Judge Rogers. Honorary Solicitor — The Hon. H. Cuthbert, M.L.C. Honorary Auditor — Richard Ford, Esq. "To fit the miner by a general review of phenomena observed, and processes used in various localities, to adopt what is most suitable to the particular locality." "— — to form links in the chain of improvements." Warington W. Smyth, M.A., Cambridge. APRIL TERM (b. 17th April, e. 24th June), 1876. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS: Mathematics .. .. John Victor, (T.C.D.), J.P. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. C. Wm. Thomas, Mining and Auth. Surv. Mechanics .. .. John Victor, (T.C.D.), J.P. Natural Philosophy .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. Robert Malachy Serjeant Mechanical Engineering .. .. John James. Mineralogy .. .. — — Geology as applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy and Assaying .. .. Joseph Flude. Chemistry .. .. Joseph Flude. Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. German .. .. F. J. Thomas, B.A. French .. .. Ado. Rayroux, Univ. Paris Persons thinking of becoming Pupils are particularly invited to attend The School, and observe the method adopted of imparting instruction. JUNE and DECEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Subjects. Examiners. Euclid (1st six books) .. .. G. J. Russell, M. A & John Lynch, Auth. Surv. Algebra to Quadratic Equations .. .. ditto. Logarithms .. .. ditto. Trigonometry .. .. ditto. Description and use of Mathematical Instruments .. .. John Lynch, Auth. Surv. & P. C. Fitzpatrick, C.S. Drawing, including Plans and Sections, and plotting from Field Book .. .. ditto. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. ditto. Levelling .. .. ditto. Calculations of Areas and Quantities .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M. Serjeant. Drawing Plans for and construction of Machinery .. .. John Lewis. Selected Specifications .. .. ditto. Mechanics — Theoretical and Applied with calculation of strength and strain of Materials .. .. — — Natural Philosophy, including Heat Hydraulics Hydrostatics — the Steam Engine .. .. ditto Mineralogy .. .. G. H. F. Ulrich, F.G.S. Geology applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Assaying, including Metallurgy — Theoretical and Practical .. .. J. Cosmo Newbery, B.Sc. Inorganic Chemistry — Theoretical and Practical .. .. ditto. MARCH and SEPTEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F.R.S. & Sam. W. McGowan.
Bechervaise announces that the Port Darwin-Java submarine cable again interrupted
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise notifies that as the Port Darwin and Java cable is now interrupted foreign telegrams will not be received till further notice.

##### 1876 05

Typical housekeeping for Bechervaise
   POST OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for Fiji, Honolulu, San Francisco, London, will be made up at this office at half-past five o'clock on the morning of Tuesday, 2nd May. Letters, &c., for the United Kingdom and the Continent of Europe will not be forwarded by this route unless fully prepaid, and specially endorsed "Via California." WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat, 25th April, 1876.

##### 1876 06

Bechervaise announce opening of Durham Ox telegraph station (near Boort)
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise informs us that telegraph communication is now opened with Durham Ox.
Typical housekeeping for Bechervaise
   POST OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for Fiji, Honolulu, San Francisco, London, will be made up at this office at half-past five o'clock on the morning of Tuesday, 27th inst. Letters, &c., for the United Kingdom and the Continent of Europe will not be forwarded by this route unless fully prepaid, and specially endorsed "Via California." WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat, 20th June, 1876.

##### 1876 07

Bechervaise again listed as telegraphy instructor at School of Mines for third term 1876
   INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. VISITOR: His Excellency the Governor. PRESIDENT: The Hon. Sir Wm. Foster Stawell, Kt. VICE-PRESIDENT: His Honor Judge Rogers. TRUSTEES: The Hon. Sir Redmond Barry. Somerville Livingstone Learmonth, Esq. Rivett Henry Bland, Esq. COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. *The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy. *The Hon. John A. MacPherson, M.L.A. *The Hon. Duncan Gillies, M.L.A. *The Hon. William McLellan, M.L.A. *F. McCoy, Esq., F.G.S., Prof. University of Melbourne. *Rev. John I. Bleasdale, D.D., F.G.S. W. H. Barnard, Esq., F.GS. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. M. Davey, Esq. Joseph Flude, Esq. Aug. Hoelscher, Esq. Robert Lewis, Esq., J.P James Oddie, Esq., J.P. John Osborne, Esq. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. Asr. S.M.B. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. John Walker, Esq. C. M. Watson, Esq. J. N. Wilson, Esq. The Mayor of the City of Ballaarat; and The Chairman, for the time being, of each of the seven Mining Boards of Victoria. *Nominations vested in the Crown. ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL. The President and the Vice-President. W. H. Barnard, Esq. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. Flude, Esq. A. Hoelscher, Esq. R. M. Serjeant,Esq. Asr. S.M.B. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. The Chairman of Mining Board, Ballaarat. President of Examiners — His Honor Judge Rogers. Honorary Solicitor — The Hon. H. Cuthbert, M.L.C. Honorary Auditor —Richard Ford, Esq. "To fit the miner by a general review of phenomena observed, and processes used in various localities, to adopt what is most suitable to the particular locality." "— — to form links in the chain of improvements." Warington W. Smyth, M.A., Cambridge. JULY TERM (b. 17th July, e. 23rd September), 1876 SUBJECTS and LECTURERS: Mathematics .. .. John Victor, (T.C.D.), J.P. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. Charles Wm. Thomas, Mining and Auth. Surv. Mechanics .. .. John Victor, (T.C.D.), J.P. Natural Philosophy .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M. Serjeant, Asr. S.M.B. Mechanical Engineering .. .. — — Mineralogy .. .. — — Geology as applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy and Assaying .. .. Joseph Flude. Chemistry .. .. Joseph Flude. Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. German .. .. F. J. Thomas, Prin. Bal. Co'. French .. .. Ado. Rayroux, Univ. Paris Persons thinking of becoming Pupils are particularly invited to attend The School, and observe the method adopted of imparting instruction. JUNE and DECEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Subjects. Examiners. Euclid (1st six books) .. .. G. J. Russell, M. A & John Lynch, Auth. Surv. Algebra to Quadratic Equations .. .. ditto. Logarithms .. .. ditto. Trigonometry .. .. ditto. Description and use of Mathematical Instruments .. .. John Lynch, Auth. Surv. & P. C. Fitzpatrick, C.S. Drawing, including Plans and Sections, and plotting from Field Book .. .. ditto. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. ditto. Levelling .. .. ditto. Calculations of Areas and Quantities .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M. Serjeant, Asr. S.M.B. Drawing Plans for and construction of Machinery .. .. John Lewis. Selected Specifications .. .. ditto. Mechanics — Theoretical and Applied with calculation of strength and strain of Materials .. .. — — Natural Philosophy, including Heat Hydraulics Hydrostatics — the Steam Engine .. .. ditto Mineralogy .. .. G. H. F. Ulrich, F.G.S. Geology applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Assaying, including Metallurgy — Theoretical and Practical .. .. J. Cosmo Newbery, B.Sc. Inorganic Chemistry — Theoretical and Practical .. .. ditto. MARCH and SEPTEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F.R.S. & Sam. W. McGowan. MARCH, JUNE, SEPTEMBER, and DECEMBER EXAMINATIONS.
Bechervaise announces commencement of new telegraph station at Riddell's Creek
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise informs us that telegraphic communication has been established with Riddell's Creek.
Bechervaise announces commencement of new telegraph station at Cooktown, Queensland
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise informs us that telegraphic communication has been established with Cooktown, Queensland.

##### 1876 08

Typical housekeeping for Bechervaise
   POST OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for the United Kingdom, Europe, America, &c., will be made up at this office on Monday, the 4th September, for despatch by the R.M.S. Assam. The times appointed for closing are:— For registered and ordinary letters, packets, and newspapers, at six p.m. Money orders on the United Kingdom will not be issued after one p.m. on Monday, 4th September. A Supplementary Mail, for letters only, will be made up for despatch via Queenscliff on Tuesday morning, the 5th September, at five o'clock. WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat, 25th August, 1876.

##### 1876 09

Herbert Price commences the cricket season after winter lay off
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . The cricket season will be opened on Saturday by a match on the Oval between teams chosen from the married and single members of the B.C.C. The married team will be chosen from the following players:— Messrs Hunt, Field, Franklin, W. H. Figgis, Mackay, Oldham, Orr, Pamphilon, Thompson, Scates, Watson, Campbell, Slater, and Ferguson; and the single from the following:— Messrs G. Antcliff, Broken-shire, Bennett, Bechervaise, S. E. and C. D. Figgis, Henderson, Morey, Pobjoy, Reid, Williamson, Sherard, Wilkinson, and Wimble.

##### 1876 10

Bechervaise steps in for the mayor of Ballarat to accompany VIPs on tour
   Mr Rae, Commissioner of the New South Wales Railways, paid a visit to Ballarat on Saturday. He was accompanied by the Hon. J. Woods, M.L.A. The two gentlemen made a rapid tour of the town, Lake Wendouree, and the Botanic Gardens, under the guidance of Mr Bechervaise, our post and telegraph master. The mayor was prevented from doing the honors of the occasion by having to leave Ballarat by the afternoon train for Melbourne, but his worship and Mr Rae had a short chat on the railway platform before his departure. Mr Rae and Mr Woods returned to Melbourne by the evening train, the former gentleman previously (missing line) that during his rambles through Australia he had not come across a town outside of Melbourne and Sydney that approaches Ballarat for the excellence of its streets, or for the beauty of its buildings.
Bechervaise again makes a donation to the School of Mines
   THE SCHOOL OF MINES. The administrative council of the School of Mines met on Thursday evening last, the 12th inst., his Honor Judge Rogers vice-president, being in the chair. The following donations since last meeting were reported as having been received and acknowledged with thanks:— Annual Report Department of Mines, New South Wales, 1875, by the Hon. J. Lucas, M.L.A., Minister of Mines; Prize Essays, 1860, by the Victorian Government; Catalogue, Educational Division, South Kensington Museum, by W. H. Barnard, F.G.S.; artificial coal pressed from Lal Lal lignite, by Allan de Lacy; Right Rev. Dr Thornton, £2 2s; A. A. Mayou, of Queensland, £1 1s, towards the expenses of the school; and Alex. Millan, Elaine, £1, for pyrites works; and W. P. Bechervaise, £1 1s, to the endowment fund. Accounts amounting to £15 11s were passed for payment, . . .
Bechervaise again listed as telegraphy instructor at School of Mines for fourth term 1876
   Education. INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. VISITOR: His Excellency the Governor. PRESIDENT: The Hon. Sir Wm. Foster Stawell, Kt. VICE-PRESIDENT: His Honor Judge Rogers. TRUSTEES: The Hon. Sir Redmond Barry. Somerville Livingstone Learmonth, Esq. Rivett Henry Bland, Esq. COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. *The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy, M.L.A. *The Hon. John A. MacPherson, M.L.A. *The Hon. Duncan Gillies, M.L.A. *The Hon. William McLellan, M.L.A. *F. McCoy, Esq., F.G.S., Prof. University of Melbourne. *Rev. John I. Bleasdale, D.D., F.G.S. W. H. Barnard, Esq., F.G.S. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. M. Davey, Esq. Joseph Flude, Esq. Aug. Hoelscher, Esq. Robert Lewis, Esq., J.P. James Oddie, Esq., J.P. John Osborne, Esq. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. Asr. S.M.B. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. John Walker, Esq. C. M. Watson, Esq. J. N. Wilson, Esq. The Mayor of the City of Ballaarat; and The Chairman, for the time being, of each of the seven Mining Boards of Victoria. *Nominations vested in the Crown. ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL. The President and the Vice-President. W. H. Barnard, Esq., F.G.S. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. Flude, Esq. A. Hoelscher, Esq. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. Asr. S.M.B. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. The Chairman of Mining Board, Ballaarat. President of Examiners — His Honor Judge Rogers. Honorary Solicitor — The Hon. H. Cuthbert, M.L.C. Honorary Auditor —Richard Ford, Esq. "To fit the miner by a general review of phenomena observed, and processes used in various localities, to adopt what is most suitable to the particular locality." "— — to form links in the chain of improvements." Warington W. Smyth, M.A., Cambridge. OCTOBER TERM (b. 16th October, e. 23rd December), 1876. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS: Mathematics .. .. John Victor, (T.C.D.), J.P. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. Charles Wm. Thomas, Mining and Auth. Surv. Mechanics .. .. John Victor, (T.C.D.), J.P. Natural Philosophy .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M. Serjeant, Asr. S.M.B. Mechanical Engineering .. .. — — Mineralogy .. .. — — Geology as applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy and Assaying .. .. Joseph Flude. Chemistry .. .. Joseph Flude. Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. German .. .. F. J. Thomas, Prin. Bal. Gram. School. French .. .. Ado. Rayroux, Univ. Paris Persons thinking of becoming Pupils are particularly invited to attend The School, and observe the method adopted of imparting instruction. JUNE and DECEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Subjects. Examiners. Euclid (1st six books) .. .. G. J. Russell, M. A & John Lynch, Auth. Surv. Algebra to Quadratic Equations .. .. ditto. Logarithms .. .. ditto. Trigonometry .. .. ditto. Description and use of Mathematical Instruments .. .. John Lynch, Auth. Surv. & P. C. Fitzpatrick, C.S. Drawing, including Plans and Sections, and plotting from Field Book .. .. ditto. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. ditto. Levelling .. .. ditto. Calculations of Areas and Quantities .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M. Serjeant, Asr. S.M.B. Drawing Plans for and construction of Machinery .. .. John Lewis. Selected Specifications .. .. ditto. Mechanics — Theoretical and Applied with calculation of strength and strain of Materials .. .. — — Natural Philosophy, including Heat Hydraulics Hydrostatics — the Steam Engine .. .. ditto Mineralogy .. .. G. H. F. Ulrich, F.G.S. Geology applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Assaying, including Metallurgy — Theoretical and Practical .. .. J. Cosmo Newbery, B.Sc. Inorganic Chemistry — Theoretical and Practical .. .. ditto. MARCH and SEPTEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F.R.S. & Sam. W. McGowan. MARCH, JUNE, SEPTEMBER, and DECEMBER EXAMINATIONS. . . . FEES.—Payable in advance. . . . In Telegraphy .. .. 1 1 0 . . .

##### 1876 11

Herbert Price Bechervaise plays well in a match between Corio and Ballarat
   CRICKET. . . . Corio v. Ballarat.— A match was played on Saturday on the Ballarat Eastern Oval between the above clubs, and resulted in a victory for the Ballarat. The proceedings were opened about 12 o'clock by the Corio, who had won the toss, going to the wickets, Thomas and Cuthbertson being the pioneers. Both batsmen played very cautiously, and it was not until four overs had been delivered, that 10 appeared on the semaphore. Thomas seemed to be well set, and a long score was predicted for him, but in playing forward to one of Bechervaise's he was stumped by Antcliffe, the general opinion being that the umpire's decision, to say the least of it, was doubtful. 1—7—13. Vieusseux next made his appearance, but evidently was in a hurry to get back to the pavilion, as he quietly put the first ball de-livered to him into Figgis' hands, at short slip. 2—0—13. Immediately afterwards "How's that?" was heard all over the field, and Cuthbertson had to retire, being well caught at the wickets. 3—7—15, and Corio faces looked very glum. A stand of some duration, however, was now made between France and Berghoff; the former contenting himself with playing in his usual careful style, while the latter punished the bowling to some effect. When the score stood at 32, Berghoff played . . .
Reduced attendance at Ballarat Turf Club means reduced turnover at the temporary telegraph station there
   BALLLARAT TURF CLUB. SPRING MEETING. FIRST DAY.— FRIDAY, 24TH NOVEMBER. Stewards — Messrs A. Chirnside, R. Le Poer Trench, G. G. Morton, J. Winter, W. Wilson, J. O. Inglis, C. W. Gibson, N. A. Wilson, N. R. Macleod, A. E. Ffrench, C. Ayrey. Judge — J. Simson. Starter — W. Brazenor. Secretary — James Johnston. Clerk of the course — T. Wilson. The Spring Meeting of the club for the season 1876 cannot be termed a great success, and the fact is accounted for in a variety of ways. Our readers are well posted up in all matters relating to the late disadvantageous circumstances under which the club’s committee has for the past few months labored, which, added to not very genial weather, and the fact that times are rather dull in and around Ballarat, will account, in a great measure, for the meagre attendance at Dowling Forest on Friday. There were, perhaps, 800 persons on the ground. The lawn, stand, and saddling paddock were greatly robbed of their usual attractions owing to the thin muster, but the course and the countryside about never looked better as far as nature’s beauties were concerned. . . . Under Mr Bechervaise's management the telegraphic arrangements on the ground were all that could be desired, though the amount of business got through must have been small.
Bechervaise and two children depart Melbourne for Launceston
   SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. HOBSON'S BAY. . . . CLEARED OUT.— Nov. 28. . . . Tamar, 308 tons, W. H. Saunders, for Launceston. Passengers — cabin: Miss Bechervaise, Master Bechervaise, Mr. and Mrs. Sadlier, Rev. J. Carey, Messrs. A. G. Murray, Bechervaise, Rosser, and Murnane; and 20 in the steerage. Chas. Hudson, agent.

##### 1876 12

Bechervaise and two children depart Hobart for Melbourne after fortnight's stay
   SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. . . . CLEARED OUT.— December 18. Alhambra, s.s., 497 tons, M. Muir, for Melbourne. Saloon passengers — Mr. Bechervaise and two children, Mrs. Miles, Miss Niel, Mr. Hunter, and two in the steerage.
As previous, family arrives back in Melbourne
   SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. PORT OF MELBOURNE. ARRIVED HOBSON'S BAY. December 20.— Alhambra, s.s., 497 tons, T. Muir, from New Zealand 13th instant, via Hobart Town 18th instant. Passengers — saloon: From New Zealand — Miss Stanley, Mrs Isaacs, Mrs McCormack, Miss Joyce, Mrs Patten, Mrs Furmell, Dr. G. Henry; Messrs Ralph, Williamson, Mowatt, Kneen, J. F. Fisher, A. T. Anderson, Holder, Block, and Master Hurst. From Hobart Town — Mrs Neid, Mrs Miles and child, Mr Bechervaise and family (two), Mr Hunter; also, Mr Donaldson (chief officer), Mr Palmer (second officer), Mr Robinson (chief engineer), Mr Cree (second engineer), Mr Rowe (third engineer), Mr Birch (purser), and Mr Lovering (chief steward), and the crew of the wrecked steamer Otago; and 97 in the steerage.
Bechervaise's son Herbert Price Bechervaise passes the Civil Service Examination
   THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE. . . . CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION. At the matriculation examination, held in the October Term, 1876, the following per-sons passed the examination qualifying themselves for admission into the ordinary division of the civil service of Victoria:— . . . Herbert Price Bechervaise, S. S.; . . .
Herbert Price Bechervaise selected to play with the Ballarat Cricket Club team against the All England Eleven
   NEWS AND NOTES. The match committee met on Tuesday evening and selected the following players to represent, Ballarat against the All England Eleven:— Antcliffe, Bechervaise, Brokenshire, Barclay, Bennett, Bell, Boyle, Coulsell, Cleverley, W. H. Figgis, S. E.. Figgis, Goldsmith, Hunt, Harry, A. J. E. Morey, J. Morey, Nettle, Oldham, Pobjoy, Pamphilon, Scates, and Watson; emergency, Williamson and Sherard. Any of the above players who cannot take part in the match are requested to intimate the same to the secretary on or before Thursday evening next. In the list chosen it will be seen that Williamson does not occur. He is put down as an "emergency" man, but we think that most players will admit that he would have proved in all probability such an emergency as the English bowlers would have found rather tough to get over very patiently. Searcy, the Melbourne player, is said to have refused to play, as he concurred in the general objection here to non-district players. The choice of Boyle and Goldsmith may or may not prolong the game, but it will give a chance of some better play, and will rob the result of half its value in the event of a victory for the twenty-two. Mr Dyte has been chosen scorer, and Mr Neep umpire. We congratulate the committee on the unexceptionable character of this portion of their work. The scorer is a good one, and the umpire a man able at all points of his very important office.
Herbert Price Bechervaise gets a warts and all assessment of his cricketing
   CRICKET. FOLLIES AND FAILINGS OF THE MEMBERS OF BALLARAT C.C. PICKED TO PLAY AGAINST THE ALL-ENGLAND ELEVEN, ON NEW YEAR'S DAY. Antcliffe — Good bat; but nervous when swift bowling is introduced; good long-field Bechervaise — Good field, sure catch; ugly bat; left-hand change bowler Brokenshire — Hard hitter, with good defence; good field, but return of ball very bad Barclay — Cannot form an opinion, having not seen him play lately Bennett — Fine bat, with splendid back play, and good hitting powers; fair field Bell — Good field, sure catch; may try to hit Shaw out of ground, but fail Boyle — Good all round man; Melbourne player Coulsell — Splendid wicket-keeper; reliable bat; no field Cleverly — Pretty bat, good bowler, good field; in fact, best all round in team W. H. Figgis — Splendid bat, good field; my choice for highest scorer S. E. Figgis — Splendid slow round-arm bowler; cramped style of batting, but sure; fair field H. Hunt —Good man, but very much abused Harry — Least said the better A. J. E. Morey — Splendid fast bowler, good field in slips; may or may not get runs J. Morey — Fair fast bowler, good field in slips; may see second ball, but very doubtful; worth his place for bowling and fielding Nettle — Good promising wicket-keeper; good bat, with fine wrist play; splendid field Oldham — Very nervous, inclined to dance whilst batting; showy field Pobjoy — Promising colt; fair bat, splendid field, and change bowler Pamphilon — If once set, will play splendid innings; bad field; change bowler Scates — Fair long-stop; only point in his favor Watson — Splendid defence, with good leg-hitting, and wonderful cutting powers; good field, change bowler. An Old Cricketer.

#### 1877
##### 1877 01

Herbert Price Bechervaise in the Ballarat Cricket Club team to play the All England team
   THE ALL ENGLAND MATCH. Today the match between the Ballarat Twenty-two and the All England Eleven will commence on the Eastern Oval at noon. The names of the Twenty-two chosen were as follow:— Antcliffe, Bechervaise, Brokenshire, Barclay, Bennett, Bell, Boyle, Coulsell, Cleverley, W. H. Figgis, S. E. Figgis, Goldsmith, Hunt, Harry, A. J. E. Morey, J. Morey, Nettle, Oldham, Pobjoy, Pamphilon, Scates, and Watson; emergency, Williamson and Sherard. On Saturday Boyle telegraphed to say he could not play, and Williamson has been selected to fill his place. C. M. Watson has been chosen captain. It is very positively stated that Goldsmith will yet refuse to play; should that be the case, Sherard will fill his place. The English team is as follows:— Lillywhite (captain), Armitage, Charlwood, Emmett, Greenwood, Hill, Pooley, Shaw, Southerton, Selby, and Ullyett, Jupp standing umpire. The grandstand has been thoroughly repaired and suitable accommodation provided for the Press and scorers. Opposite to the grandstand, on the other side of the Oval, a board will be erected to show the names of the men batting. The Englishmen will arrive here from Melbourne by the first train this morning. The Mayor of the City and some of our leading citizens, with a host of cricketers, will meet them at the station. The mayor will show the visitors over the City-hall, and some other of our public buildings, and then hand them over to the B.C.C., who will entertain them at Craig's hotel, and afterwards escort them to the Oval.
Detailed report of the match references Herbert Price Bechervaise
   THE ALL ENGLAND MATCH. Judging from the attendance at the Eastern Oval on Monday, no less than the excellent cricket shown by the All England Eleven and by the B.C.C. Twenty-two in the field, the Ballarat Cricket Club may be congratulated on having achieved a success. The accounts given of the different matches played by the Englishmen in Melbourne and other places had excited a widely-spread feeling of desire to witness their play. It was feared that the internecine squabbles that have racked the cricket club for some time would have in some measure destroyed the public interest, but instead of doing so, they only appear to have whetted it. Several thousand persons assembled at and about the Western railway station on Monday morning to welcome the English eleven, and on the arrival of the first train the visitors were received by the Mayors of the City and Town, Mr Watson, captain of the B.C.C. Twenty-two, and many of our leading citizens. The Englishmen were then driven in one of Cobb’s coaches to the City-hall, Ellis’ brass band playing before them. The roads were lined with people, and before leaving the railway station three hearty cheers were given for the visiting team. Champagne was opened at the City-hall, the mayor, in a neat little speech, welcoming the team that had played so pluckily in Melbourne, and Mr Lillywhite (captain) responding. After breakfast, which was prepared for them at Craig’s, the visitors were driven up Sturt street as far as the Hospital, then down to the Eastern Town-hall, where the Mayor of Ballarat East gave them a cordial invitation to inspect the building at 11 next morning. This they accepted, and then, as it was getting late, drove to the Oval. The weather in the morning looked threatening. A cold wind was blowing, and the sky was overcast with clouds, and the attendance at the scene of action was but meagre, so meagre that the faces of the match committee perceptibly lengthened, and fears were evidently entertained that the match was not to be a pecuniary success. Matters, happily, turned out capitally. From 1 o'clock until 3, there was a constant stream of people into the grounds, and when at 3 the sky quickly cleared, and the sun shone out brilliantly, there were about 7500 spectators of the match. Of these, 6500 paid at the gates, the others were members of the club, with the numerous boys who had slipped in without paying. The grand stand, slightly renovated for the occasion, was filled, and the members' reserve crowded. All the seats were occupied, the ladies being in the majority, and the little lawn in front, with the brilliant hues of the dresses worn by the ladies promenading thereon, and the gaily colored caps of the cricketers, looked like a large flowerbed. The Oval itself was ringed with eager faces set six or seven deep; every available bough bore strange fruit in the shape of juvenile humanity, while the space in front of the Pavilion was packed. All the hotels on the ground seemed to be doing a thriving trade, at least towards the close of the day, and everybody seemed to enjoy the scene. The brass band stationed in the members' reserve played at intervals dreamy waltzes or sparkling galops, and outside, in front of the Pavilion, a man with a horrible street organ, tortured the ear of the musical listener. A man with a strangely marked board, and bursting with money and love of his fellow men, was offering to bet anybody any sum upon the turn-up numbers of certain dice. Those who played, however, generally found that they were rather poorer when they left off than when they began. Men wandered about with marvellous scarlet and azure balloons, and did a rare trade, as is their custom in holiday time. As it was expected before midday that Goldsmith would refuse to play, the match committee of the B.C. C. selected Sherard to fill his place, the team with this addition being as thoroughly local as the most rabid opponent of the committee could desire. Lillywhite, the English captain, having won the toss, elected to send his men first to the wickets, this being precisely what the local men wished. Ullyett and Selby were the first to wield the willow to the bowling of E. Morey and E. Figgis, who bowled the whole of the innings from the north and south wickets respectively. The remaining members of the local team were disposed of as follows:— Coulsell, wicket-keeper; Scates, long-stop; Antcliffe, long-slip; J. Morey, third man; Bechervaise, cut; Oldham, point; Pobjoy, cover-point; Pamphilon, second mid-off; Bennett, second cover-point; Watson, mid-off; Cleverley, long-off; Nettle, long-on; W. H. Figgis, mid-on; Brokenshire, extra long-on; Williamson, second mid-on; Barclay, square-leg; Hunt, short-leg; Sherard, long-leg; Harry, draw; Bell, second long-leg. Ullyett, at the south end, took the first ball from E. Morey, which was neatly snicked for 3, and the remaining three balls of the over passed without scoring. E. Figgis then bowled to Ullyett at the north end, and the second ball was cut for 1. In the first ball of the next over Ullyett was beautifully caught by E. Figgis at short slip, and retired after making 4. 1—4—4. Emmett, the famous left-hand batter and bowler, then took Ullyett's place opposite Morey, and a cut to leg was neatly stopped by Hunt. In the next over E. Figgis missed a rather difficult catch at short slip, and the over passed without scoring. The next ball Selby cut for 2, the ball being smartly returned by A. Bennett. There seemed to be a bumpy spot at the south wicket, for Emmett at intervals during the batting worked very hard to flatten with his bat the place where Morey pitched each ball. Another maiden, Coulsell wicket-keeping very smartly, and the B.C.C. backing up well. Emmett then slipped a ball for 1, which was well stopped by Antcliffe. The left-hand man ran out to hit a very seductive ball from E. Figgis; the ball dropped short, shot in, and the batsman was beautifully stumped by Coulsell. 2—1—7. This pretty bit of cricket was universally applauded, and throughout the game Coulsell proved himself a smart and most efficient wicket-keeper. Greenwood then faced E. Figgis, and blocked the last ball of the over. The last ball of the next over Selby hit to leg for 1, the ball being missed by Scates, and stopped by Harry at long-leg. A bye was then stolen off a swift ball from Figgis, and a hit to point for 1 by Selby closed the over. 10 up. A neat cut was stopped by J. H. Morey, and the over was a maiden one. Selby then made a very pretty cut for 2, and followed it by another for a single. In the next over Selby made a drive to mid-on for a single, and a drive by Greenwood to long-on was well stopped by W. H. Figgis. Off the last ball of the next over, bowled by E. Morey, Greenwood made a magnificent hit for 4 into the willows by the grand stand, which was hailed with cheers from the spectators. A run was then neatly stolen for a ball that dropped midway between the wickets, and the B.C.C. men seemed to awaken to the fact that smart fielding was becoming necessary. A maiden over bowled by Morey followed. Greenwood cut for a single, and 20 appeared on the scoring-board. Another run was stolen for a very short hit, and backers of the Englishmen began to look jubilant. A hit by Greenwood to point was stopped by Oldham, and one to leg by Hunt. Greenwood sent a ball from Figgis in the next over a skyer to Bennett, at long-leg far back, and was neatly caught, the spectators cheering. 3—6—21. Charlwood next appeared, and Morey bowled a maiden. Selby made a hit for a single, which was stopped and quickly returned by Sherard at long-off. Another short run was stolen by Charlwood, to the disgust of the local players and the delight of the onlookers, followed by a hit to long-field for a single. More patting of the wicket followed, the ground appearing very bumpy. Selby then made a capital cut for a couple, Bechervaise being rather slow in returning it. Selby hit the third ball of the next over to square-leg under the chains for 3. . . .
Bechervaise announces the opening of the telegraph office at Portsea
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise informs us that a telegraph-office has been opened at Portsea.
Bechervaise donates ore specimens to the School of Mines
   The administrative council, of the School of Mines met on Thursday evening, 11th instant; Mr A Hoelscher in the chair. Accounts amounting to £73 13s 2d were passed for payment, thereby increasing the bank overdraft, as no portion of the grant-in-aid had been received. The following donations, made since last meeting up to the end of the year 1876, had been acknowledged with thanks:— T. A. Hardy, Ballarat, tridescent quartz, Township Quartz Reef Company; Government Statist, Melbourne, parts VIII. and IX.: Statistical Register of Victoria, 1875; Hon. T. MacDermott, M.L.A., "Diamonds and Precious Stones," Emanuel, 1867; Louis Ballhausen, Running Creek, three specimens argentiferous galena, India; W. P. Bechervaise, three specimens tin ore, and detonating cap for cannon; Smith Tibbets, Coburg, iron ore; Hope claim, Running Creek, £1 1s; J. Flude, £2 2s, pyrites fund. At the meeting of the council which followed, E. S. Harris, of Beechworth, and Professor Tate, A.L.S., F.G.S., of Adelaide, were appointed honorary correspondents of the school.
Bechervaise again listed as telegraphy instructor at School of Mines for first term 1877
   INGENIO EFFODERE OPES. THE SCHOOL OF MINES, BALLAARAT. VISITOR: His Excellency the Governor. PRESIDENT: The Hon. Sir Wm. Foster Stawell, Kt. VICE-PRESIDENT: His Honor Judge Rogers. TRUSTEES: The Hon. Sir Redmond Barry. Somerville Livingstone Learmonth, Esq. Rivett Henry Bland, Esq. COUNCIL: The President and the Vice-President. *The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy, M.L.A. *The Hon. John A. MacPher-son, M.L.A. *The Hon. Duncan Gillies, M.L.A. *The Hon. William McLellan, M.L.A. *F. McCoy, Esq., J.P., F.G.S., Prof. Univ. of Melbourne. *Rev. John I. Bleasdale, D.D., F.G.S. W. H. Barnard, Esq., F.G.S. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. M. Davey, Esq. Joseph Flude, Esq., Aug. Hoelscher, Esq. Robert Lewis, Esq., J.P. James Oddie, Esq., J.P. John Osborne, Esq. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. Asr. S.M.B. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. John Walker, Esq. C. M. Watson, Esq. J. N. Wilson, Esq. The Mayor of the City of Ballaarat; and The Chairman, for the time being, of each of the seven Mining Boards of Victoria. *Nominations vested in the Crown. ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL. The President and the Vice-President. W. H. Barnard, Esq., F.G.S. H. R. Caselli, Esq., J.P. P. Chauncy, Esq., J.P. J. Flude, Esq. A. Hoelscher, Esq. R. M. Serjeant, Esq. Asr. S.M.B. J. F. Usher, Esq., M.D., L.A.H.D. The Chairman of Mining Board, Ballaarat. President of Examiners — His Honor Judge Rogers. Honorary Solicitor — The Hon. H. Cuthbert, M.L.C. Honorary Auditor — Richard Ford, Esq. "To fit the miner by a general review of phenomena observed, and processes used in various localities, to adopt what is most suitable to the particular locality." "— — to form links in the chain of improvements." Warington W. Smyth, M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S. JANUARY TERM (b. 15th January, e. 24th March), 1877. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS: Mathematics .. .. John Victor, (T.C.D.), J.P. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. Charles Wm. Thomas, Mining and Auth. Surv. Vic., and Lic. Surv. N.S.W. Mechanics .. .. John Victor, (T.C.D.), J.P. Natural Philosophy .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M. Serjeant, Asr. S.M.B. Mechanical Engineering .. .. — — Mineralogy .. .. — — Geology as applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Metallurgy and Assaying .. .. Joseph Flude. Chemistry .. .. Joseph Flude. Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. German .. .. F. J. Thomas, Prin. Bal. Gram. School. French .. .. Ado. Rayroux, Univ. Paris Persons thinking of becoming Pupils are particularly invited to attend The School, and observe the method adopted of imparting instruction. JUNE and DECEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Subjects. Examiners. Euclid (1st six books) .. .. G. J. Russell, M. A & John Lynch, Auth. Surv. Algebra to Quadratic Equations .. .. ditto. Logarithms .. .. ditto. Trigonometry .. .. ditto. Description and use of Mathematical Instruments .. .. John Lynch, Auth. Surv. & P. C. Fitzpatrick, C.S. Drawing, including Plans and Sections, and plotting from Field Book .. .. ditto. Mining and Land Surveying .. .. ditto. Levelling .. .. ditto. Calculations of Areas and Quantities .. .. ditto. Principles and Practice of Mining .. .. R. M. Serjeant, Asr. S.M.B. Drawing Plans for and construction of Machinery .. .. John Lewis. Selected Specifications .. .. ditto. Mechanics — Theoretical and Applied with calculation of strength and strain of Materials .. .. — — Natural Philosophy, including Heat Hydraulics Hydrostatics — the Steam Engine .. .. ditto Mineralogy .. .. G. H. F. Ulrich, F.G.S. Geology applied to Mining .. .. ditto. Assaying, including Metallurgy — Theoretical and Practical .. .. J. Cosmo Newbery, B.Sc. Inorganic Chemistry — Theoretical and Practical .. .. ditto. MARCH and SEPTEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F.R.S. & Sam. W. McGowan. MARCH, JUNE; SEPTEMBER, and DECEMBER. EXAMINATIONS. . . .
Bechervaise participates in a rescue on Lake Wendouree
   SUBMERGED.— A very awkward accident occurred to a party of ladies and gentlemen who were "fishing" at Lake Wendouree on Saturday (says the Courier). Mr. Raymond, of the Survey office, with his wife and two other ladies and several children, accompanied by two gentlemen, made up a party for an afternoon's outing on the lake, and went there well provided with fishing tackle and bait, and provisioned for a longer voyage than it was their lot to take on that occasion. Having engaged a sailing boat they made for McDowall's Island, where, under the friendly shade of the umbrella tree, they hoped to entice the voracious perch to swallow hook baited with the lively minnow. As a preliminary to fishing operations the anchor was cast, and the inexperienced mariners then made fast the mainsail. The weather was fine, and the wind rather puffy, but no inconvenience had been felt on this account, and there was no look-out for squalls. Suddenly, when the party (all of whom were in high spirits, and generally enjoying the situation) least expected the approach of disaster, a quick powerful breeze came up, found resistance in the secured mainsail, and in a twinkling the yielding boat was capsized. The ladies, lightly and fashionably attired, were soused headlong into the waters of the lake, the gentlemen ditto, and the children for a moment or two disappeared from view. All quickly came to the surface, and feminine voices in distress were soon heard crying for assistance, which, fortunately, for those immersed, was soon at hand. The accident was witnessed by several persons, who bore down upon the drenched ones, and succeeded in rescuing them from their perilous position. Mr. Bechervaise, Mr. Barren, and Mr. Ford, were sailing or rowing near by, and lent valuable aid, each one taking some of the party into his boat and conveying them safely to shore. Except the fright and the ducking we have not learned that the ladies or children suffered by the accident; and the gentlemen have certainly gained something by it — experience in the management of fishing craft.

##### 1877 02

Bechervaise's advice sought on best means to link the Ballarat fire stations
   At a joint meeting of the officers of the City and Ballarat Fire Brigades, held at the Buck's Head hotel last night, it was resolved that the two captains, Messrs Morris and Williams, be empowered to wait upon Mr Bechervaise, of the Telegraph Department, in order to devise the best means of establishing electric communication be-tween the two brigade stations, and bring up a report on the matter at some future meeting.

##### 1877 03

Herbert Price Bechervaise plays in a match between Ballarat Cricket Club & City Cricket Club
   CRICKET. BALLARAT v. CITY. This match was begun on Saturday on the Eastern Oval, and attracted a good deal of attention. The Ballarat Club put forward anything but a first eleven, many of the best players it seems being for some reason out of the match. Nor was the City team first-class or a full one. Oldham captained the Ballarat, and Coulsell the City men, the former going to the wickets first. Before five men were put out over 100 runs had been made, Harry contributing 31 and C. Sherard 51. The remainder of the team soon went out, the total of the innings being 123. The City men went in, and when stumps were drawn, three wickets had fallen for 55 runs, Cleverley having made 19 and J. Morey 15. The match will be continued next Saturday. The following are the scores:— B.C.C. Harry, run out .. .. 31 Herbert, b Cleverley .. .. 4 Pamphilon, l b w, b Cleverley .. .. 10 C.Sherard, c Ditchburn, b J. Morey .. .. 51 Oldham, b T. Bell .. .. 5 A. Sherard, c Ditchburn, b Bell .. .. 6 Bechervaise, c Ditchburn, b Bell .. .. 0 Field, b Morey .. .. 0 Goode, not out .. .. 13 Mackay, b Cleverley .. .. 2 Lempriere, b Cleverley .. .. 0 Sundries .. .. 1 Total .. .. 123 C.C.C. Cleverley, b Field .. .. 19 Ditchburn, c Herbert, b Bechervaise .. .. 5 Pateman, not out .. .. 13 J. Morey, c Lempriere, b Pamphilon .. .. 15 E. Williams, not out .. .. 3 Total, for three wickets .. .. 55
Fire Brigade fails to consider Bechervaise report due to lack of quorum
   BALLARAT FIRE BRIGADE. The monthly meeting of the Ballarat Fire Brigade was held on Monday, 5th March; Captain Morris in the chair. The secretary's report dealing with routine matter was adopted, as also was the treasurer's report and the financial statement for the month, both of which were considered satisfactory. There had been four fires during the month, and the attendance at each had been good. The telegraph committee's report set forth that the Captains of the City and Town brigades had, in accordance with the resolution passed at a former meeting, waited upon Mr. Bechervaise with reference to the arrangement of telegraphic communication between the two stations. A meeting called to consider the report of the interview with that gentleman had lapsed for want of a quorum. It was stated that the brigade had been represented at the firemen's picnic at Geelong. . . .
Bechervaise's usual housekeeping
   POST OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for the United Kingdom, Europe, America, &c., will be made up at this office on Wednesday, 21st instant, for despatch by the R.M.S. Assam. The times appointed for closing are — For registered letters, ordinary letters, packets, and newspapers, at six p.m. Money orders on the United Kingdom will not be issued after one p.m. on Wednesday, the 21st instant. A Supplementary Mail, for letters only, will be made up for despatch, via Queenscliff, on Thursday morning, 22nd instant, at five o'clock. Letters for the United Kingdom, and foreign countries via the United Kingdom, bearing a late fee of 6d each, will be received up to 11 a.m. on Thursday, 22nd instant, for despatch via Geelong. WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat, 12th March, 1877.
Herbert Price Bechervaise again selected to play against the All-England Eleven
   The following are the names of the twenty-two selected to play against the All-England Eleven, viz.:— Messrs G. Antcliffe, Bechervaise, J. Brokenshire, A. Bennett, R. Coulsell, H. Cooper, Bell, E. Figgis, Field, Franklin, Herbert, Harry, Hunt, Nettle, Norman, Pobjoy, Pateman, Pamphilon, J. Sherard, A. E. Morey, J. Morey, C. M. Watson, Mackay, and Goode. It will be observed that Mr Cleverley, who made so good a stand against the English bowling on the last occasion, has not been chosen. We regret to have to add, too, that Mr C. M. Watson will be unable to play, and thus the loss of, without doubt, the best captain of a cricketing team in Ballarat.

##### 1877 04

Bechervaise again listed as telegraphy instructor at School of Mines for second term 1877
   APRIL TERM (b. 16th April, e. 25th June), 1877. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS. . . . Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. . . . MARCH and SEPTEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F.R.S. & Sam. W. McGowan. . . .
Bechervaise's daughter Charlotte Alice Bechervaise (age 13) achieves Second Honors in Upper School of Queen's College Ballarat
   QUEEN'S COLLEGE, BALLARAT EASTER TERM, 1877. Honor List. Upper School.— First Honors — Misses M. Crawford, C. Crawford, M. McIntyre, S. Kent, J. Walker, M. Walker. Upper School.— Second Honors — Misses C. Bechervaise, A. Stansfield. Lower School.— First Honors — Misses M. Hoelscher, A. Wilson, F. Cadden, N. Campbell, M. Craw-ford, A. Harris, W. Harris. Lower School.— Second Honors — Misses L. Finnis, B. Herring, F. Campbell. M. DIXIE, Principal. C. TURNBULL, Master. L. AKINS. M. McINTYRE.
Bechervaise's former premises being promoted to house a museum
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . The City Council has now a chance of getting an excellent building for the proposed museum, which cannot fail to prove very attractive. Mr Bechervaise, the postmaster and telegraph manager, is about to shift his quarters to the Post-office, and we understand that the Telegraph-office will be vacant. Under these circumstances the City Council would do well to see if the building cannot be got for the museum, as the building is suitable, and the site an excellent one.
As previous
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise informs us that the department wishes to keep the ground at the rear of the old Telegraph-office, and that some use will be found for the building. The City Council is not at all likely to want the ground in question, but the building appears to be available for the proposed museum, if the matter is gone properly about, as it is quite clear the department can do without it, seeing that it has done so for many years.
As previous
   A MUSEUM. TO THE EDITOR OF THE STAR. SIR,— Having noted in a recent issue of the Star, in the report of last meeting of the City Council, that no reply to the application of the council for the use of the old Telegraph-office lately occupied by Mr Bechervaise had been received from the Postmaster-General, I wish to enquire through your columns if the members of council are earnest in this matter. Is a museum a desideratum in Ballarat? Is the site suitable, and the building itself adapted to the purpose? For my own part, I reply most readily to each of these questions in the affirmative. The building may easily be made to suit the reception of such specimens of art, &c., as would immediately form the nucleus of what may become in time an important repository of rare objects. Again, the site itself is an excellent one. That it is desirable, moreover, that Ballarat should have among other things its museum, is beyond a question of doubt. I would ask, what are the attractions that draw so many of our inland population during holiday seasons, and as leisure or opportunity affords at other times, to the metropolis? Why, its parks, its gardens, its aquatic amusements, free library, museums, and picture galleries. Paterfamilias and pleasure-seekers in general sweep past our picturesque and hospitable city, beholding nothing, it may be, beyond a few scattered buildings as the iron horse moves onward. Not the faintest suspicion of our possessing aught to recreate the mind or charm and delight the sense of visitors crosses their thoughts. I say, Sir, it is our own fault, as it will also be our sure loss, if we do not by every rational method increase the attractions of town and city. We have advantages second to no other inland city in the colonies for making it the resort of, not our neighbors only to the north and west of Ballarat, but of the people also of more distant places and the metropolis itself. Every little helps, and the newer idea of a museum is indeed a valuable one. I trust the council will not lose sight of the subject, nor use slack energy in following it up. The old Telegraph office is no longer necessary to the department of the Postmaster-General, now that the offices of telegraph manager, and postmaster are combined in one person, and it is therefore not necessary nor expedient that the old building which the citizens desire to have for a laudable object should be withheld with the merely objectless view of possessing it. The citizens through their council have a perfectly legitimate claim upon the Government in this matter, and I trust the opportunity will not be allowed to pass of turning it to good account. Presuming the museum to be an accomplished fact, I know a gentleman who intends to contribute to its primitive collections a few curiosities, as well as some useful hints to the trustees as to classification, &c.— Yours, &c., MUSEUM

##### 1877 05

Bechervaise again donates to the School of Mines
   THE SCHOOL OF MINES. The monthly meeting of the administrative council of the school was held on Thursday evening, the 10th instant, at 8 o'clock; Mr P. Chauncy, J.P., in the chair. A large amount of correspondence was read, after which accounts to the amount of £122 15s 3d were passed for payment. Since last meeting the following donations had been made and acknowledged with thanks:— Copies of papers by proprietors, viz.:— Avoca Mail, 20th and 21th April, and 1st May; Benalla Standard, 24th and 27th April, and 8th May; Colonist, Nelson, N.Z., 10th April; Westport Times, N.Z., 10th April. S. R. Krone's "System and machinery for dry crushing and concentrating ores," with plan accompanying, presented by Major J. T. Sleep; No. 1265, "Journal of Society of Arts," London; "Ventilation of rooms generally," presented by Mr Lecturer, W. P. Bechervaise;
Bechervaise provides detailed explanation as to telegram delivery delay
   With reference to the complaint made by a correspondent in our columns the other day as to the delay that occurred in the delivery of a telegraphic message in Ballarat, we have obtained the following satisfactory explanation from Mr Bechervaise: — "The telegram addressed to Mr Arthur, Queen street (any part of which is outside the mile circle marked on the telegraph map), was received from Sandhurst on the 1st May, at 11.36 am.; and as the operators did not know the person, and the cabman would not risk obtaining the money with-out a guarantee, a memo, was sent to the Sandhurst office at 11.52, asking for 1s 6d, the cost of delivery, to be guaranteed. No reply bring received from Sandhurst at 3 p.m., a copy of the telegram was posted to Mr Arthur, so as to catch the afternoon delivery by letter carrier. At 3.20 a reply was received from Sandhurst, stating the cost of delivery was paid there, and the telegram was then delivered and signed for by Mr Arthur at 3.45."
Further on possible museum
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . We have reason to believe that our correspondent "Museum," in his letter published on Wednesday, is mistaken as to the motives which he imputes to Mr Bechervaise relative to the old Telegraph-office quarters. Mr Bechervaise is, we believe, indifferent as to who gets the building when he vacates it, and he may, therefore, perhaps see his way to help the City Council in getting it for so useful a purpose as a museum.
Bechervaise to be approached to extend afternoon delivery of letters
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . At the meeting of the Town Council on Friday evening, reference was made to the desirability of an afternoon delivery of letters over a wider range in Ballarat East than at present. Several councillors spoke on the subject, pointing out the mistaken economy of the postal department, and it was resolved that the mayor and town clerk should take the matter in hand. They will probably communicate first with Mr Bechervaise, and should he not be able to make a change, the Postmaster-General will be asked to do so. The request is certainly a reasonable one, and there should be no difficulty in granting it.

##### 1877 06

Typical housekeeping for Bechervaise
   POST OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for the United Kingdom, Europe, America, &c., will be made up at this office on Monday, 11th instant, for despatch by the R.M.S. Travancore. The times appointed for closing are — For registered letters, ordinary letters, packets, and newspapers, at six p.m. Money orders on the United Kingdom will not be issued after one p.m. on Monday, the 11th instant. A Supplementary Mail, for letters only, will be made up for despatch, via Queenscliff, on Tuesday morning, 12th instant, at five o'clock. Letters for the United Kingdom, and foreign countries via the United Kingdom, bearing a late fee of 6d each, will be received up to 11 a.m. on Tuesday, 12th instant, for despatch via Geelong. WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat, 4th June, 1877.
Bechervaise reports that unreliable Bass Strait cable again restored
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Mr Bechervaise informs us that telegraphic communication with Tasmania was 3 p.m. on Monday.

##### 1877 07

Bechervaise again listed as telegraphy instructor at School of Mines for third term 1877
   JULY TERM (b. 16th July, e. 22nd Sept.), 1877. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS. . . . Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. . . . MARCH and SEPTEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F.R.S. & Sam. W. McGowan. . . .

##### 1877 08

Usual housekeeping for Bechervaise
   POST OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for the United Kingdom, Europe, America, &c., will be made up at this office on Monday, 6th August, for despatch by the R.M.S. China. The times appointed for closing are — For registered letters, ordinary letters, packets, and newspapers, at six p.m. Money orders on the United Kingdom will not be issued after one p.m. on Monday, the 6th August. A Supplementary Mail, for letters only, will be made up for despatch, via Queenscliff, on Tuesday morning, 7th August, at five o’clock. Letters for the United Kingdom, and foreign countries via the United Kingdom, bearing a late fee of 6d each, will be received up to 11 a.m. on Tuesday, 7th August, for despatch via Geelong. WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat. 30th July, 1877.
Bechervaise leads vote of thanks to a lecturer at the Town Mission Debating Society and is in turn nominated to lecture himself
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . At the meeting of the Town Mission Debating Society on Thursday evening, 9th instant, Mr M. Hosking in the chair, Mr Robert Lorimer delivered a most interesting and instructive lecture upon "Heat." He handled his subject in a masterly manner, his quotations and illustrations were singularly apt, and he was attentively listened to throughout by all present. In proposing a vote of thanks to the lecturer, Mr Bechervaise expressed his regret that the Town Mission-hall had not been filled on the occasion, and he included in his motion a request to Mr Lorimer to re-deliver his lecture when he could make it convenient to do so. The proposition was seconded by Mr M. Hosking, the town missionary, who made a few remarks, as to the pleasure he felt assured all had experienced in hearing Mr Lorimer. The motion was vociferously and unanimously carried. Mr Bechervaise was requested to favor the society with a lecture, which he promised to do at some future time, the subject to be "Electricity, and other hidden forces as applied to modern telegraphy." In complying with this wish he took occasion to point out the advantages obtainable at the School of Mines, advocating its claims and giving some few particulars with reference to the different classes at that admirable institution, concluding by inviting all to visit the school and see for themselves.
Bechervaise's son Herbert Price Bechervaise concludes 4 years as pupil teacher Mount Pleasant School, appointed Beaufort State School
   Mr H. Bechervaise, who has been a pupil teacher at the Mount Pleasant school for over four years, and has completed his course, has been appointed second assistant in the Beaufort State school, No. 69. Yesterday a movement was started to make him a presentation of some sort before he leaves the school. The teachers and scholars subscribed, and during the day purchased a handsome gold albert and locket. Prior to dismissing the school, the scholars having been assembled in one room, Mr Nicholls, head teacher, made the presentation, wishing the recipient every success in his new situation. Mr Bechervaise responded with a few appropriate remarks, and thanked all present for their unexpected mark of esteem. This pleasing ceremony was brought to a close by the scholars joining in three hearty cheers for their late teacher.

##### 1877 09

Typical housekeeping for Bechervaise
   POST OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for the United Kingdom, Europe, America, &c., will be made up at this office on Monday, 3rd September, for despatch by the R.M.S. Tanjore. The times appointed for closing are — For registered letters, ordinary letters, pockets, and newspapers, at six p.m. Money orders on the United Kingdom will not be issued after one p.m. on Monday, the 3rd September. A Supplementary Mail, for letters only, will be made up for despatch, via Queenscliff, on Tuesday morning, 4th September, at five o'clock. Letters for the United Kingdom, and foreign countries via the United Kingdom, bearing a late fee of 6d each, will be received up to 11 a.m. on Tuesday, 4th September, for despatch via Geelong. WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat, 27th Angust,1877.

##### 1877 10

Bechervaise's lady telegraphy students awarded certificates
   THE SCHOOL OF MINES. The quarterly meeting of the council of the School, was held on 11th inst. Present — His Honor Judge Rogers, vice-president (in the chair), Messrs Flude, Bickett, Hoelscher, Caselli, J.P.; Usher, M.D.; and Barnard. The minutes of the previous meeting were read and confirmed. It was unanimously resolved that Robert Etheridge, jun., F.G.S., be appointed honorary correspondent for Edinburgh. That the reports of the examiners be adopted, and certificates granted as follows:— In telegraphy — Elizabeth Margaret Hamilton Mackintosh, with credit ; John August Louis Luth, with credit; Laura Maria Cook, James Paul Harris, and Richard Hain, jun. That leave of absence for October term be granted to Mr Examiner Lynch, at his request, in consequence of his son intending to present himself for examination in December next, and that Prof. Andrew, M.A., be politely requested to prepare the papers for this examination. Draft bill of incorporation, so far as prepared, laid on the table, the vice-president undertaking to complete it. The meeting then adjourned, after which the usual monthly meeting of the administrative council was held. A large amount of correspondence was read, and accounts to the amount of £64 9s were passed for payment. The following donations, made since last meeting, were acknowledged with thanks:— Issue of following newspapers from proprietors, viz., Ballarat Star, Ballarat Courier, Avoca Mail, and Benalla Standard; catalogue, &c., Messrs Scanlan, jun., and Co., Walsall, England; a quantity of shavings, Mr J. Butterworth, contractor; Thorpe's Inorganic Chemistry Non-Metals, Ed. 1874, Mr T. Newbury; the Engineer, weekly issue of from 1865-1877 (inclusive), with exception of a few numbers missing, Mr W. H. Shaw; box of minerals, Mr P. Mathews; loan of model of self-acting brake for winding engines, Mr. W. McLeish; monthly record of the results of observations in meteorology, terrestrial magnetism, taken at the Melbourne Observatory during May, 1877, Government astronomer; £1 1s from Mr. A. Lewers, J.P., Creswick, and 5s from Mr. F. Ellsworth, Talbot, toward the Government fund; Mr W. P. Bechervaise, £1 1s. It was resolved that the School’s architect be requested to prepare plans and estimates for the east fence. It was reported that since last meeting thirty-one visitors had inspected the School, and eight fresh students had been enrolled. The council then adjourned.
Bechervaise again listed as telegraphy instructor at School of Mines for fourth term 1877
   OCTOBER TERM (b. 15th Oct., e. 22nd Dec.), 1877. SUBJECTS and LECTURERS. . . . Telegraphy .. .. Wm. P. Bechervaise. . . . MARCH and SEPTEMBER EXAMINATIONS. Telegraphy .. .. R. L. J. Ellery, F.R.S. & Sam. W. McGowan. . . .

##### 1877 11

Typical housekeeping for Bechervaise
   POST-OFFICE NOTICE MAILS for FIJI, HONOLULU, SAN FRANCISCO, and LONDON will be made up at this office on Tuesday, the 13th instant, for despatch to Sydney. The time appointed for closing, for letters, packets, and newspapers, is 11 a.m. Letters, &c., for the Continent of Europe will not be forwarded by this route unless fully prepaid and specially endorsed "via California." WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat, 9th November, 1877.
Bechervaise again assists the Ballarat Turf Club with temporary telegraph office
   BALLARAT TURF CLUB SPRING MEETING. SECOND DAY.— FRIDAY, 23RD NOVEMBER. The attendance at Dowling Forest on the second day of the races was somewhat better than on the first, and there must have been about 3500 persons on the ground, some 400 of whom went by train to Sulky Gully, and walked thence to the course. His Excellency Sir George Bowen, and the party who were with him on the first day, attended the races on Friday, with the addition of the Hon. J. Woods. The lawn was well filled with ladies, who by reason of the fine weather were able to present themselves in bright summer costume, and the general effect of the sight from the grand stand was very pretty indeed. . . . The arrangements connected with the racing were perfectly carried out by the secretary and stewards, and Mr Bechervaise, who was in charge of the telegraph-office on the ground, and gave the utmost satisfaction to the public, desires to acknowledge the kindness of Mr Johnston and Mr T. Wilson, the clerk of the course, to himself and his staff. . . .

##### 1877 12

O. M. Nicholson acting Postmaster in Bechervaise's stead
   POST-OFFICE NOTICE. WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. MAILS for AUCKLAND, HONOLULU, SAN FRAN-CISCO, and LONDON will be made up at this office on Monday, 10th December, for despatch to Sydney. The time appointed for closing, for letters, newspapers, and packets, is 11 a.m. Letters, &c., via the United Kingdom, for the Continent of Europe will not be forwarded by this route unless fully pre-paid and specially endorsed "via California." O. M. NICHOLSON. Acting-Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat, 7th December, 1877.
Bechervaise youngest child Philip Burton Bechervaise wins honours in Arithmetic at Christ Church Grammar School
   CHRIST CHURCH GRAMMAR SCHOOL HONOR LIST. Arithmetic.— Class V.— G. Thompson. Class IV.— J. M. Gray, H. Bade, P. Bechervaise. Class III. — W. McCartney. Class II.— C. King. Class I.— J. Flegaltaub. Writing.— Class V.— S. Clark. Class IV.— G. Jones. Class III.— T. Thomson. Class II.— F. Miller. Class I.— E. Bailey. Reading.— Class V. — P. Lewis. Class IV.— J. McDowall. Class III.— T. Thomson. Junior Class Boxhorn. French.— Senior Class — P. Lewis. Latin.— Senior Class — W. Durose. Junior Class — T. Thomson. Geography.— Class V.— J. Holmes. Class IV.— L. Axford. Class III.— T. Miller. Junior Class — E. Miller. Mensuration.— Arthur R. Bailey. Grammar.— Class V.— G. Thomson. Clare IV.— W. Durose. Class III.— A. Drury, J. R. Jopling. Junior class — A. Bartrop. Orthography.— Class V.— P. Lewis. Class IV. — R. McCartney. Class III.— T. Miller. Class II.— Wm. McCartney. Class I.— C. Hogg. Mental Arithmetic.— Senior Class — G. Thomson. Junior Class — R. McCartney. History.— Class V.— A. R. Bailey. Class IV.— L. Axford. Class III.— T. Miller. General Improvement.— C. Bailey, G. Bailey, A. Bailey.
Bechervaise's daughter Charlotte Alice Bechvaise wins honours and prizes at Queen's College
   QUEEN'S COLLEGE. PRIZE LIST. Class Prizes. First Honors at Four Quarterly Examinations .. .. Miss M. McIntyre First Honors at Four Quarterly Examinations .. .. Miss J. Walker First Honors at Three Quarterly Examinations .. .. Miss M. Walker First Honors at Two Quarterly Examinations .. .. Miss B. King First Honors at Two Quarterly Examinations .. .. Miss M. B. Young First Honors at Two Quarterly Examinations .. .. Miss R. McVitty Fourth Class. First Honors at Three Quarterly Examinations .. .. Miss C. Bechervaise First Honors at One Quarterly Examinations .. .. Miss A. Stansfield First Honors at One Quarterly Examinations .. .. Miss L. Claxton Third Class. First Honors at Four Quarterly Examinations, and highest class marks for the year .. .. Miss M. Hoelscher First Honors at Four Quarterly Examinations .. .. Miss F. Cadden First Honors at Four Quarterly Examinations .. .. Miss A. Wilson First Honors at One Quarterly Examination .. .. Miss G. Crawford First Honors at One Quarterly Examination .. .. Miss L. Finnis First Honors at One Quarterly Examination .. .. Miss B. Herring Second Class. First Honors at Three Quarterly Examinations .. .. Miss N. Campbell. First Honors at One Quarterly Examination .. .. Miss A. Shoppee First Honors at One Quarterly Examination .. .. Miss L. Niven First Honors at One Quarterly Examination .. .. Miss A. Preshaw First Honors at One Quarterly Examination .. .. Master A. H. Barnard First Honors at One Quarterly Examination .. .. Master H. I. Barnard. First Class. First Honors at Three Quarterly Examination .. .. Miss F. Campbell. There are two young ladies in the Fourth Class, Miss S. Smith and Miss M. Proctor, who have been very industrious, and I regret that they have not been at school long enough to compete with their class-fellows. Special Prizes. Latin, I. (Presented by Mr Turnbull) .. Miss J. Walker Latin, II. (Presented by Mr Turnbull) .. Miss R. McVitty Music, I. (Senior School) .. Miss M. B. Young Music, II. (Junior School) .. Miss F. Campbell. Drawing, I (Presented by Mr Braun) .. Miss L. Claxton Drawing, II. Class Drawing (Presented by Mr Bruun) .. Miss E. Akins, Miss Bechervaise (Ties) Mathematical Prize .. Miss M. McIntyre, Miss M. Walker (Ties) English Essay, I. prize .. Miss R. McVitty English Essay, II. .. Miss F. Bailey English Essay (Junior School) .. Miss F. Cadden Singing, I. .. Miss A. Wilson Singing, II. .. Miss F. Shoppee Needlework (Senior School) .. Miss E. Cave Needlework (Junior School) .. Miss A. Smith Best Arithmetic (Junior School) .. Miss A. Finlayson Best-liked girl .. Miss A. Crawford Punctuality .. Miss M. Hoelscher.

#### 1878
##### 1878 01

Telephone experiments by Bechervaise foreshadowed
   VICTORIAN MEMS. . . . Telephone experiments are to be made in Ballarat shortly by that enterprising electrician, Mr. Bechervaise. The apparatus is in process of construction, and we hear that representatives of the Press are to be invited to witness its trial.
At the Juvenile Industrial Exhibition, Bechervaise to assist with Kirklands telephone demonstration and his own Morse / Wheatstone telegraph apparatus
   THE JUVENILE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) BALLARAT, SATURDAY EVENING. At the regular meeting of the executive committee of the Juvenile Industrial Exhibition, held last night, the honorary secretary stated that there had been received to date 1,476 applications for space, embracing over 2,000 exhibits and requiring 1,145½ square feet of floor space 2,136ft. of table space, and 7,268ft. of wall space; total, 10,549 square feet; but this did not include the model railway, with its stations, bridges, locomotives, trucks, wagons, &c., nor the traction engine, all of which would be shown in the market-shed separately. Of the exhibitors, 768 were males and 708 females. The contributions to the exhibition are as follow:— Victoria, 1,408 entries; New South Wales, 32; New Zealand, 30; Tasmania, 4; South Australia, 1; and Western Australia, 1. The principal Victorian contributors are:— Ballarat 586; Melbourne, 336; Geelong, 151; Sandhurst, 65; Creswick, 28; Daylesford, 20; Clunes, 14; Castlemaine, 12; and so on to districts with only one entry each. The secretary said the exhibits were beginning to come in well, and applications for space were still being made, and he thought the capacity of the hall would be taxed to its utmost. A gentleman present desired to know if non-competitive exhibits would be still received, because there were some manufacturers who had expressed their wish to show some very interesting articles if they would be permitted, and the committee decided to permit such to be received to date of opening. It was stated that Mr Long, of Ballarat East, had promised to transfer one of his lolly manufacturing machines to the exhibition, with a lad to work it daily, to show how the sweets were made. A master printer had also promised to send one of his printing presses, with a lad to work it daily. With regard to the working of Mr Kirkland's telephone it was stated that Mr Bechervaise, the local telegraph superintendent, had most kindly offered every assistance in his power, and had offered to attend himself occasionally, and to send one of his operators too, if the department did not object. He also recommended the committee to get two of Morse's and two of Wheatstone's instruments to show the working of the telegraph system, which will be done. Among the latest special novelties to be shown are a model flour mill, and a model marine-engine, both to be kept at work daily to show their respective actions. No answers had yet been received from any of the friendly societies, the volunteers, or the fire brigades, on the matter of a procession on the opening day, but Major Sleep having consented to act as marshal on that day, he was appointed to the office. The committee decided to whom cards of invitation should be forwarded for the opening day, and the entrance-fee for that and the following day was fixed at 2s. 6d. each. The secretary said he had written to the city and town councils, requesting them to make some arrangements for the reception and entertainment of His Excellency the Governor on the opening day. The tender of Mr Bruun to provide a band on each evening of the exhibition was accepted.

##### 1878 02

Bechervaise also getting involved in telephone experiments
   Mr Bechervaise intends to make experiments here in a day or two with a telephone apparatus constructed in Melbourne.
Detailed report of the telephone experiments by Bechervaise, Challen, Blandford, James
   THE TELEPHONE. Very interesting and successful experiments with the last great revelation of science, the telephone, were made on Sunday at the Ballarat and Melbourne telegraph offices simultaneously. Sunday was selected as the day for experiment, not that the gentlemen operating have not due respect for the fourth commandment, but because on that day only the telegraph lines are not used, and the work of important scientific trial of a great discovery can be carried on without interruption. At the Melbourne office Mr James and a few other gentlemen attended at 11 a.m., the time agreed upon, while Messrs Bechervaise, Challen, Blandford, Macaw, Whitelaw, with a few gentlemen specially invited, and the representatives of the Press, occupied the Ballarat office. Mr P. R. Challen, a clever electrician employed at the Melbourne office, and a member of the Torpedo Corps, is, we are informed, the gentleman, who constructed the first telephones ever seen in Victoria, from some of which results completely satisfactory have been obtained. He obtained his idea of the instrument from the description of Professor Bell’s given by the Scientific American, though he never anticipated obtaining the results detailed by some American papers. Mr. Challen's telephone is constructed thus:— A magnetised steel bar about 6 inches long forms the core; at one end of this, thin silk-covered copper wire, in quantity proportionate to the resistance of the line, is wound; the core is then enclosed in a wooden case; close to and in front of the coil of wire a very thin plate of iron called the diaphragm is fixed, and the upper part of the wooden case forms a kind of bell or sound concentrator. The ends of the copper wire are connected with the telegraph or connecting wire between the two persons who wish to talk, and each person having a telephone, communication is established. The person speaking holds his telephone to his mouth, letting it touch his chin, and speaks into it in a clear, distinct manner. The sound causes the diaphragm to vibrate, and these slight vibrations so affect the magnetised steel bar that by an electromagnetic effect a current of electricity is created in the encircling coil of wire. Flashing along the line of communication to the second telephone, it passes reversely through the coils, and affecting the magnetism of the bar causes the diaphragm to vibrate and produce sounds similar to those shouted into the sending telephone. The sound itself does not travel, but, by an application of that marvellous agent electricity, is reproduced. In 1861 one Reiss, of Frankfort, constructed a telephone which transmitted musical sounds, and anticipations of it seem to have existed for very many years. Professor Bell brought it to its present pitch, and by experiments such as are now being made all over the world, we may hope to reach in earnest that imaginative account given in jest by an American journal, wherein it was stated that a large audience could sit in a room and listen to a concert given in another room 30 miles away, the sound coming by telephone with as much distinctness as though the audience and the singers were only 30 feet apart. Messrs Bechervaise and Challen acted as conductors of the experiments here, and a lively conversation with the Melbourne operators commenced. On placing the telephone to the ear to listen for the answer, the words came in a faint thin tone, but one so exquisitely clear that the very inflexions of the speaker’s voice could be noticed. "Cooey," from its open, vowel sound, could always be heard, but sibilant and guttural sounds did not always come plainly. At times the answers were wonderfully distinct, every word falling on the ear with refreshing clearness. The voice always, however, seemed to be refined, and, as it were, thinned away until the sounds seemed to come from fairy-like creatures seated in the recesses of the telephone. The voice of Mr Bechervaise was recognised by Mr. James, and friendly greetings were exchanged. The Melbourne men said that it rained, and asked to be cheered with a song. They were regaled with "Hold the fort," the strains of which they did not recognise! Whether this was due to the slips of the singers, or to want of knowledge of religious matters on the part of the hearers, remained an open question. The Melbourne operators then sang ‘"God Save the Queen, taking different parts. The melody came through with the utmost distinctness, the tenor voice sounding remarkably clear. The fairy sounds were so attractive that "Encore" was shouted from this end and the peal of laughter that burst from the lips of those who had been singing was plainly audible here, 100 miles from the vocalists. Conversation followed, and everyone had a chance of hearing for himself the replies from Melbourne. At half past 12, after the most successful experiments yet made, an appointment was made for 3 o’clock, and the parties separated. At 3 a large party, including a few ladies, assembled in the Ballarat office, and experiments made again. A flute was played at the Melbourne end, a telephone being placed on it. At this end the sound resembled "horns of Elf-land faintly blowing," every note coming with a purity and distinctness very pleasing. Communication now began to change for the worse, and frequently words and whole sentences of a speech seemed to be arrested, or to only reach the ear in a series of funny crackles. It was stated that heavy rain was falling, and that disturbing electrical influences were prevalent, so that the second sitting was closed early. Mr Challen will, we believe, remain here, and some more experiments may be made tonight. The success attending the operations here is apparent when we state that from Sydney to East Maitland only "Cooey" would travel, and that from Melbourne to Albury, 190 miles, only an occasional word could be communicated. Here ordinary conversation could be heard, though the telephone had to be held closely to the ear. Challen has substituted for a magnetised piece of steel with soft iron core, as Professor Bell uses, a piece of steel without the iron. Mr H. Sutton, who made a very good pair of telephones on Professor Bell's principle, and who used them on Sunday, found them inferior in power to Mr Challen's.
As previous, a slightly different report with some further detail
   Writing about the success of the telephone the Ballarat correspondent of the Clunes Guardian gives the following account of an experiment made last Sunday, between Ballarat and Melbourne, with the instrument: — The day was selected as being the only one on which the telegraph wires between Ballarat and Melbourne were open for the purpose of the experiment. The telegraph office was the scene of operations, the instrument used being one made by Mr Challen, of the Melbourne department, after Professor Bell's principle, and the operators were Mr. W. P. Bechervaise, head of the Ballarat department, and Mr Challen. A somewhat large party assembled on the occasion, and Melbourne was spoken with. "What is the weather like with you?" asked Mr Bechervaise through the telephone. Almost at once came the reply, very clear and audible, "Ah! Bechervaise, is that you old fellow?" The Melbourne operator had recognised the voice. Then came the reply. "It's raining here and gloomy; give us a song to cheer us up." Some of the ladies in the Ballarat office then sang "Hold the fort," when "thank you" was answered from Melbourne. The metropolitan operators then gave "God save the Queen," with telling effect; the strains of the grand old anthem reaching Ballarat so clearly as to enable a musical critic present to remark that the tenor in the choral parts was a very good and well trained voice. "Encore! encore!" was sent to Melbourne and was responded to by the singers with a merry peal of laughter, also distinctly heard in the Ballarat office. The experiments, it is stated, will prove more successful than any yet made in the colony. The distance of telegraph wires between the two sets of operators was, as your readers will probably be aware, over 102 miles.
A detailed report of the Melbourne-Ballarat telephony experiments from the Melbourne end, sadly not identifying the persons there
   A Morning with the Telephone. One of our reporters writes:— Yesterday morning, hearing that some telephonic experiments were to be made at the Post-office, I made application to be allowed to witness them, which was courteously granted, and I was shown into a quiet little parlor, where six gentlemen and two little boys were standing watching one of their number, who was connecting three things that look like short thick stethoscopes, by means of fine covered wire, with a similar wire coming through the door, and one which I was told "had earth." These were the telephones, and the connections being made in about two minutes, one of the instruments was handed to me, and the others taken by two officers of the department. Putting his mouth near the mouthpiece of the telephone, one of them close to me cooeyed gently, and I almost dropped my instrument with astonishment. Distinct and clear came an answering cooey. It was faint, and sounded distant, as it well might, for the caller was in Ballarat! "How does it come over; can you hear us?" was the next question asked, and instantly the answer was returned, perfectly audible and distinct when the instrument was held close to the ear. "First-rate, we hear you capitally." "That's C—' said the person at the third telephone; and taking it from his ear he said in a mocking tone, "Poor Mr C—" "Poor Paddy—" came back immediately. At a distance of over a hundred miles two friends recognised each other's voices, and called each other by name! I tried my voice then, and slightly knowing one of the gentlemen at the other end, opened a conversation with him, in the course of which we reminded one another of things we had done together some months ago. After some ten minutes' talking by all parties, Ballarat said they were going to get "better earth" and a short pause was made, when they again called us and asked for a song, which was given, and encored from Ballarat, which wanted a second verse, saying there were about twenty-five persons in the office, and only three telephones, so that all wanted to hear. Ballarat then sang God Save the Queen, the three voices being distinct and the harmony recognisable. We then sang Sun of My Soul, which provoked Ballarat to say the tenor was shaky. That meant me — and it was vary shaky. For an hour and a half we alternately at either end sang hymns, the Old Hundredth being the most successful, and then making an appointment for the afternoon, put down our telephones. In the afternoon they were resumed, and flute and violin solos sent along the wire, much to the expressed pleasure of our hundred-mile off friends. A song, with flute obligato, the latter played by Mr G. W. Lloyd, was so much relished that they were urgent for an encore. A thunderstorm somewhere on the line now began to disturb the results, and after listeners had received two or three smart shocks, sounding as if a pistol had been discharged in the ear, the experiments were reluctantly brought to a close. This has been the most successful trial yet made. Listeners in Melbourne could hear the people in Ballarat laughing and talking in the room, though, as the speakers were not at the mouthpiece, no words could be distinguished. The ticking of the Morse instrument was plainly audible. In conversation with the gentlemen trying the experiment, I learned that the telephones, which have been made in the department by the officers themselves have been constructed solely from a description in the Engineer newspaper, none having been imported. Slow-sustained sounds travel the best. The letters r and w are very distinct. A telephonist, unless naturally quick-eared, and articulating distinctly, requires some practice, though others are successful at the first trial. The best in the colony is a little boy, of about eight years of age, who was the first to speak into a telephone, which was made by his father, an officer of the Telegraph department, and the wire extended from a bedroom to a kitchen in the experimenter's house. In using the instrument, the voice does not require to be raised above an ordinary speaking tone. What is the future of this wonderful discovery, now in its infancy, and not much more than a scientific toy — though used in two business establishments in this city — it is impossible to foresee. As the invention stands at present, by using a hundred instruments, a hundred people in Melbourne could hear a hymn sung or a sermon preached in Ballarat, and one wire between the cities would be sufficient. The atmospheric disturbances prevented the trial yesterday of the duplex, which has proved a success at short distances. By the duplex, messages can be spoken through the wire in contrary directions at the same time. The cheapness of the telephone is also a recommendation, the instrument costing very little, and no battery being needed. One single cell for ringing a bell to call attention — and that can be switched off when the telephone is working — is all that is required to make it practically useful. Further experiments will be shortly tried, and some new telephones are being constructed with a view to increase the sound if possible, and it is likely yet greater successes will be achieved by the courteous and intelligent gentlemen who so kindly gave me yesterday my Morning with the Telephone.
Bechervaise's son Walter Reed Bechervaise part of a team preparing a massive model of the Western Railway Station
   It is anticipated that all arrangements for the opening of the Juvenile Industrial Exhibition will be completed by Thursday morning, and, from the progress being made, this seems more than probable. A large number of packages arrived at the Alfred Hall yesterday, including the model of the Western railway station from the employes of the Phoenix Foundry Company. It is the work of three apprentices of the Phoenix Foundry — F. Stevenson, A. Clarke, and W. Bechervaise. The material is wood, the model being on a scale of about 1½ inches to the foot, and is a little over 12 feet by 10 feet in dimensions. The workmanship is excellent, and the model is a very creditable piece of work. The time taken in its construction was about three months.
It would appear that Sutton is the original inventor of what we would now call a telephone handset, Bechervaise in the wings
   A NEW TELEPHONE. Some interesting and very successful experiments in telephony were made few evenings ago at Mr H. Sutton's music warehouse in Sturt street, in the presence of Mr Oddie, Mr Bechervaise, the postmaster, Mr Blandford of the Telegraph-office, and several other gentlemen. The instruments experimented with were two of Professor Bell’s portable telephones (made by Mr Sutton), from which splendid results were obtained, and a new form of telephone, described by its inventor, Mr H. Sutton, as a compound telephone, and the general opinion of those who witnessed the experiments is, that in spite of the adverse circumstances under which they took place, this telephone is a great improvement on Professor Bell's. In all the experiments a resistance, equal to 30 miles of ordinary telegraph wire was used in the circuit. It appears whilst experimenting seven months ago with the horseshoe form of permanent magnet, the poles of which were surrounded with convolutions of fine wire and various diaphragms, he found that when subjecting a vibrating diaphragm to the action of both poles of the magnet at the same time, instead of the entire magnetic force being utilised in evolving electricity, that part of the force was neutralised in the diaphragm, which seemed to act in the same way as the keeper of a permanent magnet. He found by presenting only one pole of the same magnet to the diaphragm that a far stronger current was evolved, and knowing the action is reciprocal between each pole of the same magnet, the idea was suggested to place a coil of wire on both ends of a bar magnet. The compound form of telephone is the outcome of these and other experiments. This instrument is different from Bell's portable telephone, in that it consists of a curved magnet, surrounded by coils of wire at both ends. Each coil has a separate diaphragm, the curve of the magnet being so arranged that one diaphragm comes opposite the mouth of the operator, whilst the other diaphragm reaches his ear. The following good results are obtainable from the arrangement:— 1st. That he can both speak and listen at the same moment. 2nd. That it evolves more intensity of sound. 3rd. The timbre of sounds transmitted are reproduced more perfectly. 4th. When used as a transmitting instrument the results obtained from all other telephones of the ordinary form in the same circuit are considerably improved. 5th. The instrument is mounted on an adjustable stand, which leaves both hands of the operator free. In Professor Bell's arrangement two telephones are necessary, one held to the ear, another to the mouth, both hands being thus engaged. Mr Sutton's telephone being compound, opens up a new field for experimental research, and we understand that he is still engaged in experiments which may further improve the application of telephonic science.
Further experiments with Challen's telephones
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Some fifty or so ladies and gentlemen gathered by invitation at the telegraph-office on Friday evening for the purpose of hearing some telephonic experiments in the shape of communication between the Ballarat and Melbourne offices, but owing to an unusual press of messages on all the lines, the experiments were not successful. Mr Challen, late of Buninyong and now of the the Melbourne office, was here with half a dozen telephones of his own construction, and as only partial communication was possible with Melbourne, Mr Bechervaise and Mr Challen kindly arranged that experiments should be made between an upper and the lower room through 100 miles of coil, and the party having divided, communications were soon established, and several songs were sung and distinctly heard. The pains and politeness of the operating gentlemen merit the thanks of all who were present, and we are pleased to learn that further opportunities will be afforded of testing the uses of the new and wonderful invention, in which lie we know not what immense possibilities and utilities in the future.
Bechervaise exhibits at the Juvenile Industrial Exhibition
   OPENING OF THE AUSTRALIAN JUVENILE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION, BALLARAT. Yesterday was inaugurated what must be considered one of the most important events in the history of Ballarat, and which must result in incalculable benefits not only to our own community, but to the colony generally, as showing to the world the wonderful progress made by the rising generation of Australasia in industry, art, manufactures, and inventions. It is now some six months ago since our worthy fellow-citizen, Mr R. D. Bannister, published in these columns his idea of holding a juvenile industrial exhibition, not merely in a local sense, but having for its object the bringing together in one centre the handiwork of the youths and maidens in all parts of the colony, and so perceptible was the scheme he laid before the public, that success was almost then assured. Aided by a number of willing workers, who entered into the movement with vigor and determination, a large and influential committee was formed, who gave active assistance. The interest extended to all parts of Victoria and the neighboring colonies; and in answer to communications to the leading men in all large centres of population most encouraging promises of support were given. Such an exhibition as that intended, however, entailed hard work and determination; but the hon. secretary and committee were quite equal to it, and having appointed agents and subcommittees in other parts of the colonies, the latter became imbued with the enthusiasm of the promoters, and worked with a will. The result is an exhibition of which Ballarat and the colonies might well be proud — an exhibition of work which would do credit to the youth of any country in the world. It is, therefore, only due to the following gentlemen, who have originated and brought to a successful issue such a good work, that their services should be acknowledged by the community — at least by publicity. Executive committee:— Messrs Charles Seal (chairman), H. R. Caselli, J.P. (deputy chairman), Alexander Hunter (treasurer), James McDowall, J.P., George Smith, Jonathan Robinson, William Evans, J. C. Smith, Peter Matthews, Thos. Bodycomb, Henry Smith, J.P., Jas. Buley, C. J. Richardson, William Proctor, Joseph Flude, R. M. Serjeant, Jno., Whitehead, James Campbell, Hugh Reid, William Benson, James M. Main, W. H. Keast, Edwin Curtis, George O. Preshaw, John Macartney, Charles C. Shoppee, Henry Bradbury. The visitor to the Alfred Hall must undoubtedly be surprised at the collection of work there exhibited by the rising generation, and wonder at the progress made in the arts and manufactures, while he will be no less gratified at the thought that our young ladies have made rapid strides in the fine arts, and are quite equal to their mothers before them in the manufacture of household requisites of every description. Looking at the array of machinery, manufactures, implements, and artisans' work of all kinds, it is a matter for congratulation that we possess such an industrious and intelligent young community. It may be asked, too, whether much of this is not due to our protective policy, which, by giving employment to the sons and daughters of the soil has not aided in their advancement, and the answer must unquestionably be in the affirmative. One of our modern writers has said in reference to the coming race, that at the age of twelve they will commence to accumulate wealth from the results of their industry, and that in the youth of manhood they will be able to rest at ease on their previous earnings, thus realising the real philosophy of life. Are we too sanguine in hoping that, judging from the progress made during the last half-century in the technical instruction of young Australia, we are hurrying onwards to that happy result? Perhaps so; but to be practical we will now revert to the opening ceremony yesterday. The day could not have been finer for a processional display, and this, combined with the vice-regal visit, and the enthusiasm that appeared to be felt in connection with such a great and interesting undertaking as a Victorian Juvenile Industrial Exhibition in Ballarat, tended to create a great deal of excitement in the town. From early morning flags were flying from nearly every prominent building, and country people, and indeed many from Geelong, Melbourne, Sandhurst, and other places, arrived by the morning trains, and perambulated the streets during the forenoon, heightening the general effect. The tradespeople had been requested by the two mayors to observe a half-holiday, but though the shops generally were open during the forenoon there was little inclination to do business, and the afternoon was entirely given up to holiday-making. By the direction of Minister of Public Instruction, the State school children were allowed a general holiday, and they swelled the throng of those who assembled in the principal streets, as well to welcome the representative of royalty as to add to the eclat to the inaugural proceedings of the exhibition. The bodies composing the procession commenced to muster in Lydiard street, near the monument, about one o'clock, under the direction of the marshal, Major Sleep. The following took part:— Ballarat Fire Brigade, City Fire Brigade, Rechabites, I.O.O.F., Sons of Temperance, St Andrew's Society, Protestant Mutual Society, Protestant Alliance, Hibernian Society, A.O.O.F., M.U.I.O.O.F., Good Templars, Druids, A.I.O.O.F., German Association, G.U.O.O.F., Australian Natives. The bands of Mr Rosenblum's, Mr Armstrong's, and Mr Cox's schools were also present and played lively airs during the march. Before two o'clock. Major Sleep had the members of the procession lining the street from the station to Craig's hotel. About sixty of the B.V.R. with their new Martini-Henry rifles, paraded at the orderly-room, under the command of Captain Musgrove, and marched from thence to the railway station, where they formed a guard of honor to his Excellency. The members of the Prince of Wales Light Horse, too, under Captain Wilson, mustered in good force and formed the escort. Before two o'clock the reception party met at the terminus to welcome the Governor, the following being present:— The Hon. Sir Samuel Wilson, M.L.C.; the Hon. Henry Cuthbert, M.L.C.; the Hon. Major W. C. Smith, Messrs Brophy, Fincham, James, Bell, and Richardson, M.L.A's.; the mayor of the City, Mr J. W. Gray, and Mrs Gray and Mrs Claxton; the mayor of the Town, Mr D. Turpie; Councillors Long, Phillips, Morrison, Lewis, T. Williams, Josephs; and Messrs H. R. Caselli, H. Smith, McDowall, J. C. Smith, Flude, and McCartney (members of the committee of the exhibition), Mr Perry (town clerk), and Mr R. Ford (secretary to the Harbor Trust, who is at present on a visit to Ballarat for the purpose of escorting Sir John Coode). The special train, which left Melbourne at 11.5 a.m., reached Ballarat at 2.5 pm., and as the carriages drew up at the station the guard of honor presented arms, and the band played the National Anthem. The necessary introductions having been got over, the party (which consisted of his Excellency, Lady Bowen and three daughters, Major Pitt, Sir John Coode, the hon. the Minister of Railways (Mr John Woods) and the Hon. C. J. Jenner, proceeded to Craig's hotel, in carriages provided for them, the Alfred bells ringing out a merry peal meanwhile. The Light Horse escorted the vice-regal carriage, and the guard of honor followed the line of carriages. As the cortege moved along the avenue formed by the open lines of the several bodies, the people cheered lustily. Every available sightseeing position along the route was thronged with spectators, and a perfect mess of human beings, some thousands in all, followed in the wake. Inspector Babington, with great forethought, had taken care that the public should not be allowed inside the southern platform, and hence there was no crowding or confusion, and the procession — thanks to Major Sleep's arrangements — formed naturally and in good order, the open lines closing in and marching behind, each society doing this as its turn came. At Sturt street, the procession, with the exception of the carriages, turned down the northern side, and marched round the gardens, turning into the southern side, and back to Lydiard street, and proceeding round by the intersection of Armstrong street, back again to Craig's hotel to await the Governor and his party, who were lunching there privately. Shortly before three o'clock his Excellency's carriage was again set in motion, and, followed as before, proceeded down Bridge street and the Main road as far as the intersection of Humffray street, up that street, and back to the Alfred Hall by way of Victoria and Bridge streets. The guard of honor awaited him at the door of the building, where he was lustily cheered. Meantime, the hall had been rapidly filling. The portion of seats set apart for ladies was filled to overflowing long before the Governor's arrival. . . . In the north-east corner of the hall is stationed a case of exhibits from the Ballarat School of Mines, including a collection of cut crystals, gems, and laboratory requisites worthy of special inspection. Mr Bechervaise, telegraph and postmaster, also exhibits a couple of Morse's recording instruments, and a similar number of Wheatstone's apparatus, which are fitted up in the four corners of the hall, connecting the whole by wire. These are under the care of one or other operators of the local office who may be present, and, in their usual courteous manner explain the science of telegraphy to the interested visitors. An electric ball is also shown by the department. The north-eastern division of the hall is devoted principally to the exhibits of collections and devices in shells, stuffed birds, animals, and preserved insects — all of exceeding beauty.
Further successful experiments with Challen's telephones
   Very successful experiments were made on Saturday and Sunday, in Ballarat, with the telephone. On Saturday evening, at the invitation of Mr J. Oddie, about twenty-two gentlemen sat down to an excellent dinner at Craig's hotel, which was given in connection with a telephonic seance. Mr Bechervaise, chief of the Ballarat Telegraph Office, occupied the chair, and Mr Mayor Gray the vice-chair. After dinner, and the usual toasts, Mr Bechervaise gave a short address on electricity in general, and Mr Challen read a paper also treating of electricity, more particularly in connection with the telephone, and giving a description of the telephone and how it worked. Experiments were then made with the instrument, wires having been brought into the hotel from the main telegraph line, and connection having been established between two rooms In the hotel a good distance apart, very successful results were obtained. Voices were distinguished without difficulty, and the persons named to whom they belonged. Singing was also successfully transmitted. The experiments were kept up until a late hour, when the company separated well satisfied with the outcome of the experiments. On Sunday morning, the telephone was called into requisition between the Ballarat and Melbourne telegraph offices. "Cooeys" were heard very plainly from Melbourne, and singing also. One of the operators in Melbourne, being asked who was speaking, named correctly, first Mr Challen and then Mr Bechervaise. The Sunday morning experiments were altogether very successful. The fact that singing is transmitted much easier and plainer than ordinary speaking points to the conclusion that the best way to carry on a conversation with the telephone is in a high-pitched voice, or by intoning. Further experiments may be looked for at no distant date.
As previous, a more detailed report in the Star, Bechervaise oversights telephone experiments driven by Challen
   TELEPHONIC SEANCES. Twenty or thirty gentlemen were invited by Mr James Oddie, the Maecenas of local telephony, to dine at Craig's hotel on Saturday evening, for the purpose of hearing some explanations of and experiments with the telephone. Mr Bechervaise, chief of the Ballarat post and telegraph department, presided, and the Mayor of the City, Mr J. W. Gray, occupied the vice-chair, the company including Mr Challen, the Melbourne telephonist, who has made this branch of science a special study. As is common at Craig’s, the dinner was well served, and when the heavier business of the table was over, Mr Bechervaise explained in a short speech the nature of electro-telegraphy, and Mr Challen then in a longer address detailed the development of telephony, from Professor Bell's experiments with the human ear to the construction of the telephone with it's tiny diaphragm, the representative of the human tympanum. Mr Bechervaise told the company he had learned to put aside the word "current" in connection with electricity, and to use the word "force" instead, but what the force was he did not pretend to say. Mr Challen appeared to regard the force by which sounds were transmitted by the magneto-electric apparatus, by telegraph or telephone, as molecular, not vibratory. He also had some doubts, therefore, whether the coils of wire which were used in telephonic experiments to represent given mileage distances did really so represent the distances expressed. Mr Challen said he had been, he thought, the first in this hemisphere to experiment largely in the construction and use of the telephone, and he complimented Mr Sutton, of Ballarat, on his successes, and hoped that they might be mutually helpful. He expressed his sense of the very great compliment paid him that night, and of the generous hospitality afforded by the host, Mr Oddie. Mr P. Cazaly and Mr J. Robson added vocal and instrumental music to the charms of the evening, and Mr Bechervaise drew visions of private telephonic boxes at telegraph stations, where Brown, Jones, or Robinson, taking his key with him, could go and have a chat with Mrs. Brown, Jones, or Robinson, a few hundreds or thousands of miles distant. Mr Flude, of the School of Mines, had intended to say something bearing upon the science of motion, but the time had grown late, and he contented himself with moving a vote of thanks to Mr Challen for his interesting address and his experiments, to which Mr Challen briefly responded. A vote of thanks was also passed, accompanied by musical honors, to Mr Oddie, for his hospitality and his interest in the new development of applied science, Mr Oddie replying in a few modest words. Then came the experiments. Wires had been placed round the dining-hall, and thence along passages to another room in the hotel, the company divided, each party haying telephones attached to the wires, and thus, through coil distances ranging from 98 to 200 miles, conversations were held and songs sung with entire success. It was stated that Professor Bell had conversed at 1500 miles, and heard a man's breath at 100 miles, a quite credible statement now, for, as Mr Bechervaise remarked, he had had instantaneous replies at 1500 miles by telegraph, and was, for his part, quite ready to believe anything. Mr Challen, with a magnetic coil and a common biscuit-tin in place of the telephone proper, obtained similar results to those obtained with the telephone, thus showing that the transmission of sounds is possible with very rude material. On Sunday morning a number of gentlemen assembled at the Telegraph-office, and took part in some further telephonic experiments, which were arranged by Mr Bechervaise and Mr Challen, whose name has come rather prominently forward lately in connection with the construction of telephones. Four instruments were placed in circuit here, and communication was held with the Melbourne office, where it appeared there were only a few operators at the time. A quartette party here sang several sacred airs, and "Home, sweet home," which the Melbourne man said he heard very distinctly, and he mentioned the names of the airs. As the experiments proceeded it was found that someone else had entered the Melbourne office, the operators in which were prevailed upon to sing, and the first thing that came through distinctly was recognised immediately us "Sunny days," after which the music of "The brother's lullaby" was reproduced in the Ballarat telephones. Between the singing a more or less continuous conversation was kept up, and a solo sang in Melbourne, though it was not recognised by the gentlemen in, the Ballarat office, was heard here very plainly. A musical box was placed in circuit here, and the music from it was heard in Melbourne. The proceedings closed by "God save the Queen" being sung and repeated in Melbourne, every note being heard here distinctly. Mr Bechervaise considered these experiments to be the best yet held in Ballarat, and hopes that at the next seance things will go better still.
Bechervaise's son Walter Reed Bechervaise exhibits at the Juvenile Industrial Exhibition
   AUSTRALIAN JUVENILE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION. The success of the Australian Juvenile Industrial Exhibition seems to be more pronounced than even its most sanguine supporters anticipated. Up to the close of the exhibition last night 1370 persons had entered the hall, including the representatives of single and family season tickets, and the general opinion that was expressed regarding the display was one of unqualified admiration. The receipts for the day amounted to £70 96 6d, of which £21 was for season tickets. It is not only, amongst the residents of Ballarat that this gratifying view of the exhibition is entertained. Strangers from all parts of the colony keep dropping in, and so great is the enthusiasm that a special apprentices train has been arranged for to leave Sandhurst at half-past seven on Wednesday morning, and Castlemaine at half-past eight o'clock, to arrive in Ballarat about one o'clock, and start on the return journey about five p.m. In the hurry of getting things ready for the opening of the exhibition, there was little classification of the exhibits. This, indeed, could not have been done, for the exhibits then were, and still are, incomplete; but things are beginning now to be put into better order, and we trust that classification will go on steadily. . . . CLASS III.— Building materials, decorations, and models of building — This is an interesting division in connection with the exhibition and when there is a little more order in the way of classification, will no doubt prove very attractive. The railway station model, rather a clever piece of work, has not yet been finished. It is being put together in the machinery yard, having been manufactured by the following apprentices at the Phoenix Foundry, viz.:— F. Stephenson, A. Clark, R. Bodycomb, and Walter Bechervaise. . . .
Another report of the experiments (Ballarat correspondent of Camperdown Chronicle), author waxing poetic
   BALLARAT. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) BALLARAT, February 23. . . . I was one of a party invited to a telephonic seance at Craig's hotel on Saturday evening, the affair including an elegant banquet at the charges of Mr. James Oddie, a liberal patron of the new discovery, or the new development of old discoveries. Mr. Bechervaise, our post and telegraph master, presided, and the city mayor, Mr. J. W. Gray, was in the vice chair. Mr. Challen, the leading telephonist in Melbourne was present with several telephones, and after dinner the party divided, some remaining in the dining room, and others going to an other room with which, through, divers passages, communication was established by wires, and a circuit of 200 miles, in wire coils, effected. Each room party had telephones, and thus conversation was had, songs were sung, and the 200 miles of distance were practically annihilated. Mr. Bechervaise imagines we shall have our private telephones by-and bye under lock and key at the telegraphic offices, and have quiet chats when we like with our friends in Europe or America. Why not? And if our action may be photographed upon eternal space, and read by the angel, why, too, may there not be in space an etherial-used diaphramic condition of matter by which, with etherial circuits established or establishable, the stars may literally sing and talk together, and the distance of Uranus, multiplied a thousand fold, be but a little stage in the infinite travels of all but instantaneous exchanges of vocal thought? There seems really to be no limit to the imaginable possibilities of telephonic operation in the sense I have indicated. Our operators are bound by their powers of establishing relatively coarse continuity of circuit, be it for a mile or a thousand miles. But what infinite refinements, and extensions, and perfections of communication may there not be in God's great scientific laboratory in limitless ether, by means of which a universe of peopled worlds may be in perpetual social vocal union. Nay, do we not get glimpses through these miracles of realised science of what omniscience and omnipotence may be, and what may be their modes of operation? I do not know how high or wide or long the celestial seat of the gods may be, but I suppose it is u big place, and the telephone and telegraph enable us, nevertheless, to understand wider interpretation to be put on the Roman poet's reference to Jove's dread power which shook all Heaven by a nod. Et tetum mutu tremefeit Olympum? The "fierce light that beats upon the throne" is nothing to this all blabbing faculty of light and sound playing upon the infinite receptivity of recording space. But Solomon's father knew all this I suppose, and he wrote " Whither shall we flee from thy presence?" On Sunday at the telegraph office, very good telephonic interchanges of talk and song were had with Melbourne.

##### 1878 03

Bechervaise hosts an illustration of electricity by the little know John Palmer
   ILLUSTRATIONS OF ELECTRICITY AND THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. On Friday evening Mr John Palmer, who for many years has been a student of the science of electricity, and who was aided by perhaps the finest private collection of electrical instruments in the colony, gave a very interesting illustrative lecture at State-school No. 34, before an audience of scholars and their friends. The large room upstairs had been fitted up with the necessary electrical appliances (including an induction coil containing seven miles of wire, which had been made by Mr Palmer himself), together with diagrams, upon which he lucidly illustrated the science. Mr Bechervaise was voted to the chair, and thought Mr Palmer ought to have given the notice of his illustrative lecture fuller publicity. From his (the chairman's) knowledge of Mr Palmer's acquaintance in telegraphy and telephony, he was sure the audience would have a treat in store. Mr Palmer said he had been for many years a thorough student of electricity and telegraphy; but he did not intend to lecture on the present occasion, but to give practical illustrations of electricity and galvanism in a manner to make the power understood by the youngest intellect, as well as to interest the adult. His desire was to give the young community an idea of the importance of the science of electricity. There was in the city a School of Mines, where tuition was given on the subject, but he was sorry to say that it was not patronised as it should be. He did not want to interfere with their mission, but to give such instruction in the State schools that would lead the young people to pursue the subject with pleasure and profit to themselves, and tend to the advancement of this very important science. Mr Palmer then illustrated the effect of an ordinary battery on the galvanometer, which was the principle of the needle telegraph. He said the system of telegraphic alphabets were now reduced to the needle and Morse recording systems. The illustrator then showed that, by the needle instrument, the two indicators, though miles apart, must act in concert when connected by an electric wire; so that electricity was somewhat simple after all. Mr Palmer then, with the assistance of a small engine, showed that machinery could be driven by electricity, but did not think the latter would supersede steam. Yet it showed that electricity was still an important motive power. The principle of the Morse instrument was then explained, as well as the alphabet, and the method of transmission. Mr Palmer proceeded to illustrate the effect of the electromagnet, by which the magnet, with the two small poles connected, held suspended a handful of nails, as well as an iron plate which might weigh over 20lb. By means of a small coil in connection with the larger, Mr Palmer afterwards showed the principle of current and induced electricity. By means of Geisler tubes, the lecturer gave a very pretty exhibition of induced electricity, explaining that the vacuum tubes through which the blue electric flame passed contained a small portion of atmospheric air or other gas, but not equal to the ordinary pressure. He said that it had been found that different gases gave forth different coloured lights, and showed this by a number of experiments with tubes of various construction, exhibiting the several colors produced by the various gases. Mr Palmer then stated that there was one other use to which current electricity was sometimes applied, but not so often as it should be — that was for blasting in mines. The use of fuse had resulted in many lives being lost, which might be prevented by the use of electricity. By the explosion of a small piece of gun-cotton, and the application of the battery, he showed the simplicity of the method, and the manner in which torpedoes were exploded. Mr Palmer concluded his very interesting and practical illustrations amid applause, and said his intention, on a future occasion, was to give a telephonic seance in the same room, when with twenty instruments he would enable so many persons to hear a conversation carried on, no matter how far apart. For the amusement of the audience, Mr Palmer then exhibited a number of chromotropes of exceptional beauty, which were separately the cause of much admiration, and were heartily applauded. On the motion of Mr Dyte, seconded by Mr Whitehead, a vote of thanks was accorded to Mr Palmer for his interesting and instructive illustrative lecture, both gentlemen expressing an opinion that Mr Palmer should give more publicity to his next entertainment. Mr Palmer replied, and moved a vote of thanks to the chairman for the aid rendered by his presence that evening. The vote was carried by acclamation, and the entertainment closed.
Bechervaise's son Herbert Price Bechervaise, now living at Beaufort, participates in athletics event
   BEAUFORT ATHLETIC SPORTS. The following are the entries for the various events to be competed for at the Beaufort Athletic Sports Club meeting, to be held in the agricultural reserve on Easter Monday:— Maiden Race — Of 3 sovs. 100 yards — C. R. Clarke, Stockyard Hill; P. Ryan, Weatherboard; E. Hainsman, Ballarat; W. Mounsey, Ballarat; T. Pedder, Beaufort; H. Bechervaise, Beaufort; J. B. Humphreys, Beaufort; H. McKay, Beaufort; W. Thomas, Ballarat. Beaufort Handicap — Of 5 sovs. 100, 200, 440, 880 yards —F. H. Oliver, Stawell; W. J. McCarlie, Fitzroy; A. D. Wilson, Maryborough; H. Loft, Beaufort; G. Ryan, Melbourne; J. Tweedale, Ballarat; J. Herbert (assumed), Ballarat; H. Richmond, Ballarat; E. Hainsman, Ballarat; Thomas Bennett, Geelong; J. Wylelaskie, Wickliffe; J. B. Humphreys, Beaufort; T. Pedder, Beaufort; H. Bechervaise, Beaufort; W. Douglas, Ararat; M. Harrison, Casterton; P. O'Brien, Crowlands; R. Provis, Beaufort; A. Ricketts, Geelong; J. Shaw, Geelong; W. H. Marsh, Ballarat; R. Sharp, Ballarat; R. Brown, Joel Joel; D. McPhee, Joel Joel; W. J. Watts, Huntly; W. Sansom, Ballarat. Hurdle Race — Of 8 sovs. 100,200,300 yards.— H. Loft, Beaufort; C. Driver, Beaufort; E. Adamthwaite, Beaufort; J. Packham, Trawalla; C. W. Harrison, Ballarat; J. F. Stevenson, Ballarat; D. McPhee, Joel Joel; T. Pedder, Beaufort. Youth's Race — Of 2 sovs. 300 yards.— W. Shuttlewood, Beaufort; R. Andrews, Ballarat; J. Murchison, Beaufort; W. Woods, Beaufort; J. Chapman, Beaufort; J. Holland, Ballarat; E. Moore, Beaufort; J. Woods, Ballarat; J. McKenzie, Ballarat; W. McFarlane, Beaufort; E. Thomas, Beaufort; C. R. Clarke, Stockyard Hill; C. Driver, Beaufort; A. Loft, Beaufort. STEEPLECHASE — Of 8 sovs. 600 yards.— F. H. Oliver, Stawell; J. Wylelaskie, Wickliffe; F. Adamthwaite, Beaufort; P. O'Brien, Crowlands; C. Broadbent, Beaufort; C. W. Harrison, Ballarat; J. E. Stevenson, Ballarat; D. McPhee, Joel Joel.

##### 1878 04

Bechervaise donates to the Ballarat District Hospital
   BALLARAT DISTRICT HOSPITAL Incorporated. The following amounts, received from all sources during the month of March, 1878, are hereby gratefully acknowledged:— £ s. d. . . . W. P. Bechervaise, Sturt street . . . 1 1 0
Bechervaise again supports the Ballarat Turf Club meeting with the temporary telegraph office
   BALLARAT TURF CLUB AUTUMN MEETING. Thursday, 11th April. Patron — his Excellency Sir Geo. F. Bowen. President — W. J. Clarke. Stewards — Messrs N. R. Macleod, J. Hardy, A. Chirnside, G. G. Morton, A. Wynne, C. W. Gibson, W. Bailey, Hector Wilson. Judge — J. Simson. Starter — A. M. Greenfield. Handicapper — E. T. Barnard. Secretary —J. Johnston. Splendid racing weather ushered in the Autumn Meeting of the club. The attendance at Dowling Forest was not so large as we expected would have been the case, the "road" difficulties, and the insatiable greed of "cabby," acting as of yore as a considerable handicap to a good muster. By Mr Joseph Thompson's special train, which arrived from Melbourne at 11.25, something under 100 sporting men put in an appearance, the two American and three ordinary carriages being but fairly occupied. At a little after 11 o'clock a general start was made for Dowling Forest, the "road" having the best of matters, or, in fact, matters all to itself, as no railway arrangements were made to the Sulky Gully platform. At the time the first race started there were perhaps some 1200 persons on the ground. The bookmaking fraternity, which seems to grow in number and strength each season, was more than usually well represented, and in the saddling paddock a ceaseless howl was kept up. It was a case of "all cry but little wool," for betting flagged more than we ever remember to have noticed. It was all double event long shots, very little straight out business being transacted. The course arrangements were all that could be wished, and though a little burnt up and devoid of verdure, the course itself looked well. There was only a fair attendance of ladies, so that the lawn was divested of much of the gay appearance so characteristic of the club's spring meetings. The whole surroundings of the meeting were of a pleasant character, which, barring the din created by the metallics, resembled more a private outing than a public gathering. Prompt time was kept, and the rather lengthy card was got through without delay. Mr Bechervaise, with his staff, was at the telegraph-office on the ground, and gave every facility to Press and public having business to transact with his department. . . .
Bechervaise again donates to the School of Mines and sees several students granted Certificates in Telegraphy
   THE SCHOOL OF MINES. The monthly meeting of the administrative council of the School was held on Thursday evening the 11th instant. Present — Mr H. R. Caselli, J.P. (in the chair), and Messrs Hoelscher, Usher, M.D., L.A.H.D., Flude, and Barnard. The month's correspondence was read, and accounts to the amount of £46 11s 6d were passed for payment. The following donations made since last meeting were acknowledged with thanks:— Three local papers, Avoca Mail, Port Denison Times of 2nd March; native bread found in a well at Napoleons, Rev. Josh Walker; Public Education Report, Royal Commission of Enquiry, Prof. C. H. Pearson, commissioner; Manchester Science Lectures 1866-7, 1871, 1873, 1874, two copies, 1875-6, Josh. Flude. Programme of Session for 1877-8, Report of Council 1877, presented at annual meeting of Birmingham and Midland Institute; C. H. Barwell, Stockfield, Tysley, England. Serie II., Nos. 46 and 47, Compte Rendu de l'Assemblee Generale, Societe Entomologique de Belgique; Action of Light on Selenium, by Professor W. G. Adam; M.A., F.R.S., and R. E. Day, M.A.; R. E. Day, M.A., hon. correspondent, London. Reports of Mining Surveyors and Registrars for quarter ended 31st December, 1877; Mining Department and D. Christy. Assortment of candles and samples of substances used in their manufacture; Messrs J. Kitchen and Sons, per Seth Wood, Melbourne. A System of High-pressure Combustion of Fuel for Mechanical-power Purposes, and of the Utilisation of the Elastic Forces of Gases thereby Generated; Philip Chauncy, J.P. The Patent Pulsometer; the Direct-acting Steam Pump (pamphlet); C. E. Clarke, Melbourne, patentee. Two guineas from Mr W. H. Shaw, Ballarat; one guinea from W. P. Bechervaise, Ballarat; 10s 6d from W. L. Gilbert, Cardigan; 2s 6d from C. Morris, jun., Ballarat, Geo. Brooker, N.Z., Fredk. Moore, N.Z. Towards the endowment fund — Ballaratshire Council, £2 2s, and Borough Council of Clunes, £2. It was resolved that steps be taken to obtain portion of the vote for 1877-8, £2000, in aid of mining schools, and that a deputation, consisting of the local members and the City Mayor, with the registrar, be the deputation to wait on the hon. the Minister of Mines accordingly. It was reported that since last meeting 39 visitors had inspected the school, and one fresh student had been enrolled. The meeting then adjourned, after which the usual quarterly meeting of the council was held. Present — Councillor Wilson (in the chair), and Messrs Hoelscher, Caselli, J.P.; Usher, M.D., L.A.H.D., Flude, Bickett, and Barnard. The report of the examiners having been read, as follows:— Examiners in telegraphy, recommending that certificates of competency be granted to the following candidates viz.:— Catherine Griffiths, Lewis Pritchard, Ellen Campion, John James Mansfield, Robert James Graham; it was resolved that the usual certificates be granted accordingly. Mr M. D. Hamilton, assistant in laboratories, having tendered his resignation, it was resolved that the same be accepted with extreme regret as well for the cause (the ill-health of Mr Hamilton) as for the zeal, efficiency, and faithfulness with which Mr Hamilton had discharged his duties during the whole period of his connection with the school, viz., seven years; that he be made a life-governor of the institution in recognition of valuable services rendered; a committee consisting of Councillors Wilson, Flude, and Barnard, being formed to draw up a suitable testimonial to Mr Hamilton. Mr Charles Flude was appointed assistant in laboratories vice Mr Hamilton resigned; and it was resolved to advertise for a collector and caretaker. Mr G. H. F. Ulrich's, F.G.S., resignation as hon. examiner in geology was accepted with regret, accompanied by an expression of thanks of the council to Mr Ulrich for his past services. After transacting other business the council then adjourned.

##### 1878 05

A Ballarat Star journalist waxes poetic with a story involving Bechervaise
   ZIGZAG PAPERS. "Yes, write as you like, for I do not care what your opinions are, but you must respect the laws of decency and of libel."— Ed. Star. "Right, O wise man. I will be reverent of the laws."—Z. . . . Do you think you could pluck out the heart of the mystery of the post-office? I was coming down the steps of our post-office the other morning, when I saw a man gnashing his teeth, tearing his hair, and making wild pugilistic signs in the direction of Melbourne. I spoke soothingly to him, drew him across to Machefer's wine-shop, bathed his temples with some of the tears sold there, poured red wine down his throat, and then he became calm and explanatory. He said — "I am the correspondent of an up-country newspaper, and am the victim of the inscrutable laws of the post-office. Having to post my letter to catch the 10.45 train for Stawell, and having to go near the railway station, I determined to drop my letter into the box provided at the station that the public may deposit their letters up to the latest minute. I was at the box when the clearing officer arrived with his bag; I dropped my letter into his bag, and he then said he was clearing for Melbourne, not Stawell. Give me back my letter, then, I said, but he told me he dared not do so. It was no longer mine. It was the property of the State in trust for the person to whom it was addressed. The box told me nothing of all this. I rushed to Mr Bechervaise and told him my story. His eyes glistened and danced about me as if he wished to make me feel cheerful, and I went down on my knees and prayed him to take the letter out of the man's bag, and give it to the guard of the next train, that it might reach Stawell in time for the printers. He said he could do a good many things, but not that. He got the law book, and showed me its testimony, which corroborated the story of the man with the bag. The letter was, in fact, consecrate. Its dedication was the only thing the powers could attend to, and the only way out of the difficulty was for me to telegraph to the addressee, and tell him to tell Mr Bechervaise to take the letter and give it to the guard of the next train. By this time my head began to swim, and in an agony of rage and mortification I rushed out into the open air, where, Sir, you found me, and came to me like a good Samaritan." Well, I said, is there no remedy for such embarrassments as this? "Certainly," he replied. "If the Post-office people would say on the box at the station that it is meant only for such and such trains, everybody would know how to avoid such liability to bewilderment and temporary lunacy as that I had to suffer." I called, for one of Machefer's thinnest slices of garlicised sausage, two glasses of champagne with Frothy whirls, White as Cleopatra's melted pearls, and said, "All right, my dear boy, I will see Bechervaise or the Postmaster-General, and try and get half a crown's worth of lettering put on the box." The champagne had roused my unfortunate friend by this time, and he began to talk fast. Machefer, with the sprightly vivacity of his nation, looked upon him and seemed to think him the great G.G., ghost or corpus, or some other person, fresh from the mysteries of Paris, and having himself had some tears, broke out, "Dame! q'est ce que c'est done? Est ce que vous allez faire la betise de croire rencontre ici parmi ces droles d'Angiais la politesse et le bon sens que l'on trouve toujours dans chaque bureau public de la belle France?" This seemed to sober the unfortunate, who growled in reply, "You be — with your gibberish; look to your razor, and don't cut the garlic so coarse." Things now shaped unpleasantly; I drew the post-office victim away, and we parted. Now, Sir, as I do not know how to approach Government officials in these days of "revenge," I made up my mind to compound with my conscience, and content my deluded friend and myself by simply telling you his heart-rending story.
Bechervaise's son Walter Reed Bechervaise wins a bronze medal with his Phoenix Foundry team for their model Railway Station at the Ballarat Juvenile Industrial Exhibition
   AUSTRALIAN JUVENILE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION BALLARAT, 1878. LIST OF AWARDS. PUBLISHED AS A SUPPLEMENT to "THE BALLARAT STAR," AND "MINER AND AGRICULTURIST." . . . RAILWAY STATION. 14 F. Stephenson, Phœnix Foundry, Ballarat, 18 years; bronze medal A. Clark, do do, 19 years; do Walter Bechervaise, do do, 17 years; do.
Bechervaise teams with Palmer for further telephone experiments with Melbourne
   A most successful telephonic seance was held yesterday morning, the Ballarat and Melbourne telegraphic office being in circuit. There were present at the Ballarat office, by the invitation of Mr Bechervaise — The Hon. P. Lalor, Commissioner of Customs; the Rev. Charles Clark, and about fifteen ladies and other gentlemen. The members of the cable conference and a number of the Ministry were invited to the Melbourne office. Mr John Palmer's telephones, twelve in number, were used in Ballarat. The Rev. Charles Clark gave a recitation, which was clearly heard, and the speaker recognised, at the Melbourne office. Mr Clark also recognised the voice of a gentleman singing in Melbourne immediately, and named him. The seance, which lasted for nearly three hours, was most successful throughout, and the results, which speak well for Mr Palmer's telephones, were the most favorable that have yet been obtained between the two offices.

##### 1878 06

Typical housekeeping for Bechervaise
   POST-OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for the United Kingdom, Europe, America, &c., will be made up at this office on Monday, 10th instant, for despatch by the R.M.S. Siam. The times appointed for closing are — For registered letters, ordinary letters, packets, and newspapers, at 6 p.m. Money orders on the United Kingdom will be issued up to 3 p.m. on Monday, the 10th inst. A Supplementary Mail, for letters only, will be made up for despatch, via Geelong, on Tuesday evening, 11th instant, at 6 p.m. WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat, 4th June, 1878.
The Ballarat Star journalist Zig Zag, again devotes much of his column to Bechervaise
   ZIGZAG PAPERS. "Yes, write as you like, for I do not care what your opinions are, but you must respect the laws of decency and of libel."— Ed. Star, "Right, O wise man. I will be reverent of the laws."— Z. . . . My cherished friends amongst the clergy, who do not believe it right to have telephonic investigations on a Sunday, have been talking against Mr Bechervaise and his doings in that line. My friends of the churches hold that only the truths and mysteries propounded by them ought to be considered on Sundays, but Bechervaise loves other truths and mysteries than theirs, and is trying, with others, to get nearer to the heart of the telephonic mystery, and see what use can be made of it in the interests of humanity. Apropos of this business, an angel of applied science writes to me in this wise:— "Up to the present time one of the great obstacles (perhaps the greatest) to success in telephone speaking is the presence of induced force from other lines on the telegraph poles. It naturally occurs to telegraphic people, then, that Sunday is about the only day to get an opportunity to do this work, as on that day all the voltaic batteries in circuit with the lines can be disconnected or thrown off without fear of delaying important business on the railway and other wires. This being the case, where is the harm, I wonder? If rumor be correct, there are seances of a higher and more glorious character occasionally held on the Sabbath day, and to which telephoning for a few hundreds or even thousands of miles is as nothing. Perhaps our friend Bechervaise if he wished could not only give us some information on the subject of telephoning at great distances with the inhabitants of this our spheroid, but also enlighten us as to telephony between this and other spheres." So the scientific angels interchange compliments, and even grow mysterious in their allusions. Now, Bechervaise, what say you? Will you or will you not postpone your Sunday telephony to other people’s Sunday theology? If you will not, then the devil will have you as surely as that an executive council’s decision on a hanging case may be depended on. By heaven, Sir, you had better look out. There are parsons of correct opinions about, and there are cabinets and executive councils as malleable as the American politician, whoso opinions were not for an age, but for all times. Lock up your batteries and your telephones, Sir; go to church, and keep the Sunday as the clergy would have you do.

##### 1878 07

Bechervaise and Palmer again attempting telephony experiments, this time to Adelaide, but unsuccessful
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . A number of gentlemen, including the Hon. H. Cuthbert, Postmaster-General, assembled at the Telegraph-office on Sunday afternoon, when some experiments, which were, unfortunately, not successful, were made to establish telephonic communication between Ballarat and Adelaide. The idea of attempting to speak with South Australia, over a distance of nearly 500 miles, was first mooted by Mr John Palmer, whose telephones were used on the present occasion, and arrangements were subsequently made between Mr Cuthbert and Mr. Todd, inspector of telegraph lines in the adjoining colony, for the seance to take place at 3 o'clock on Sunday afternoon. Everything being adjusted here, Mr Bechervaise "cooeyed" to Adelaide, but no reply was received to this or any subsequent call, a result which all present at the experiments regretted. The line used was the direct one through Hamilton, Casterton, and Mount Gambier, but whether the weather was not favorable or the officer at some intermediate station had not made the necessary connections or disconnections, or some other cause intervened, neither on this line nor the one through Melbourne, which was also tried, was anything heard through the telephones from Adelaide. After this failure some successful experiments were made between an upstairs room and the telegraph-office.
Bechervaise announces restoration of service through Shanghai and Amoy cable
   We are informed by Mr Bechervaise that the Shanghai and Amoy cable is now repaired and open for traffic.
Bechervaise promotes after-hours services available through the Ballarat Telegraph Office
   NOTICE AS TO TELEGRAPHIC MESSAGES. As the public do not appear to understand the nature of the facilities offered for the transaction of telegraphic business at night and on Sundays, the following particulars are given:— Melbourne, Ballarat, Geelong, Sandhurst, Warrnambool, Stawell, and Beachworth are in attendance on week nights, at 11 o'clock, for the receipt and despatch of telegrams, at the following rates:— Fifty-eight words and under, 5s; and one penny for each additional word. But telegrams may be forwarded to and from any telegraph station in Victoria throughout the night on special notice being given at a telegraph-office before 8 p.m. The minimum charge will be the same as for the above-named stations. On Sundays, telegrams relating to sickness, death, arrival or departure of friends by land or sea, dropped into the boxes provided for that purpose, up to 9.30 p.m., with fee enclosed, will be sent the same night at the above-mentioned rates; and to and from the following stations only:— Melbourne, Sandhurst, Warrnambool, Queenscliff, Maryborough, Beechworth, Castlemaine, Geelong, Echuca, Dunolly, Ballarat, Stawell, Portland, St. Arnaud, Belfast, Sale. All further information may be obtained from the Monthly Postal Guide, a copy of which is always to be seen outside the Post-office. Access to the Telegraph-office at any time during the night, after 11 o'clock, may be gained by the Lydiard street entrance. WILLIAM PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster.
Bechervaise chairs a lecture by Mrs Hardinge-Britten on spiritualism, suggests he has an interest in the subject
   MRS HARDINGE-BRITTEN ON "MODERN SPIRITUALISM." Mrs Hardinge-Britten, the talented lecturess on Spiritualism, delivered her second lecture in the Academy of Music on Tuesday night, taking for her subject — "What and where is the spirit world?" The attendance was small, but the audience listened to the lecture very attentively, and at times applauded Mrs Britten when a special burst of eloquence fell upon their ears or a truism was presented to them in glowing words. The lady's husband introduced her to the audience, and repeated an announcement made on the previous evening, that if the audience wished her to speak on any other subject connected with spiritualism than the one she had chosen, she was prepared to do so. The house, however, was silent, and the lecturess opened her lecture, Mr Bechervaise taking the chair on the stage. Mrs Britten began by remarking that the most important subject which had engaged the attention in the world in connection with religious belief, was the question as to what was the soul's hereafter in connection with the ministry of angels — the demonstrations of love which the spirits of those the world called dead might bring to us. When we remembered the millions and tens of millions that now walked the earth, and considered that fifty years hence perhaps there would not be one left, what subject, she asked, could be of more interest than to know what became of us? Where had those countless multitudes gone to which had passed into the open gate of the unknown land, and whither were we ourselves bound? She would endeavor to answer the question, and her first consideration would be whether spiritism presented any thing that was not in the strictest harmony with reason, justice, and those revelations of past ages which we had been accustomed to consider as divine. Spiritism was not like other religions of the present age, which were opinions concerning ourselves given in the past, but was the revelation of the present — a revelation of facts, and it was desirable to compare the opinions of the past with the facts of the present.

##### 1878 08

Person unknown impersonating Bechervaise to gain free admission to entertainment
   PLAIN-CLOTHES CONSTABLES AND FREE ADMISSIONS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE ARGUS. Sir,— Seeing a sub-leader in your issue of today relative to a case tried in Geelong against a ticket-taker in our employ, who refused a constable in plain clothes admission to the Mechanics Institute, we beg space to offer a few remarks on the matter ourselves. The arguments against admitting the police when in plain clothes and without being furnished with proofs of their office, which were put forward in your article, were also urged by ourselves in the police court when the case was tried, but the Bench refused to admit them. The presiding magistrate went so far as to say that not only every member of the police force (whether in plain clothes or uniform), but also every magistrate and J.P., has the right of entrée to all places of public amusement free of charge; and that anybody refusing such persons is liable to a penalty of £20. It certainly seems hard that companies travelling through the country (especially those who carry their own ticket-takers, who cannot be expected to know the faces of all the police and J. P.' s in the towns visited) should be compelled to admit, free of charge, to their entertainments all such persons who feel disposed to patronise public amusements without paying for them. It may scarcely be necessary to mention that, after the decision of the Geelong Bench became known, our performances in that town were most liberally patronised by the force. In Ballarat we were asked not only to admit the police free of charge, for a gentleman, with a party of ladies, who stated that he was the postmaster, requested admission on the same remunerative terms as the force. Trusting, Sir, that you will do us the favour of inserting this, we remain, &c., BYRNE and BARRY, Managers, Wheatleigh-Legrand Dramatic Company. Princess Theatre, Sandhurst, Aug. 8.
As previous, Bechervaise vigorously responds
   BALLARAT. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) MONDAY EVENING. . . . Mr Bechervaise, our local postmaster, who is precluded by his official position from writing to the press in connexion with any grievance he may have, has drawn my attention to a sentence in the letter of your correspondents "Byrne and Barry" in today's Argus, on the "free admissions of officials to public entertainments," in which they state, "In Ballarat we were asked not only to admit the police free of charge, but a gentleman, with a party of ladies, who stated that he was the postmaster, requested admission on the some remunerative terms as the force." Mr. Bechervaise cannot blame your correspondents for stating that some one personated him, and deceived, or tried to deceive, them, but he is exceedingly anxious that they and his friends should know without delay that he was not the person who asked for the favour, and that he is now using his best endeavours to discover who the perpetrator of the imposition was. Beyond this your correspondents "Byrne and Barry" appear to be peculiarly susceptible to this kind of fraud, as, on learning that they had been imposed on in the case of the postmaster, I at once inquired of the sub inspector of police if he knew anything of the application to admit "the force" free, and he gave me his assurance that he had neither asked nor authorised any member of the force to ask for such an unwarrantable privilege.
Bechervaise's representative continue to seek justice for their client
   THE ALLEGED PERSONATION OF THE BALLARAT POSTMASTER. TO THE EDITOR OF THE ARGUS. Sir,— Messrs. Byrne and Barry, managers of the Wheatleigh Legrand Dramatic Company, having left this colony without com-plying with the request of Mr. Bechervaise, postmaster, Ballarat, to contradict their statement in reference to him, and requesting information as to the individual whom they alleged had attempted to personate him, Mr. Bechervaise has caused a further letter to be forwarded to them. Considering Mr. Bechervaise's position here, and the utter untruthfulness of the charge made against him, may I ask you to insert this and the enclosed in an early issue of your journal.— Yours. &c., C. MARRIOTT WATSON. Lydiard-street, Ballarat, Aug. 16.
   Messrs. Byrne and Barry, Dramatic Company, Hobart Town, Tasmania. Sirs,— I am instructed by Mr Bechervaise, postmaster, Ballarat, to draw your attention to his letter to you of 12th August inst., and to request a reply. In your letter to The Argus of 12th August inst. you assert that when at Ballarat "a gentleman who stated he was the postmaster, with some ladies, requested admittance on the same remunerative terms as the force." As Mr Bechervaise was never near the doors of the Academy whilst your company were here, and there was not the slightest truth in the assertion, he at once wrote asking you to contradict the statement, and request-ing you would furnish him with in-formation respecting the individual who, you allege, had attempted to personate him. You have not replied to these reason-able requirements, and I have now to request you will do so without further delay. I must also remind you that it is a most improbable thing that any one in Ballarat would attempt to personate a gentleman so well known as Mr. Bechervaise, and at the door of a theatre, where detection would be a certainty. I have further to add, my client has made inquiries in the matter, and learns from the doorkeepers employed by you that no such occurrence as you allege, in fact, occurred at Ballarat. Under these circumstances it is impossible for Mr Bechervaise to be satisfied with any-thing less than immediate compliance with his letter.— Yours, &c., C. MARRIOTT WATSON. Lydiard-street, Ballarat, Aug 16.
As previous, further detail
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Some people seem to possess an unlimited stock of impudence, and in this class must be reckoned Charles Whelan, who not long ago was sent to gaol for impersonating a detective in Ballarat. After his release one of his first acts was to cause no end of annoyance to Mr Bechervaise, by representing himself at the door of the Academy of Music lately as the local postmaster, for the purpose of gaining free admission to the performance of "The Shaughraun," and later still he marched with a bold front to the check-taker at the glass-blowers' entertainment, and demanded admission as the sub-inspector of police. The doorkeeper, however, happened to know Mr Babington, and eyeing the self-styled inspector rather curiously, the latter, feeling he was on dangerous ground, decamped. All sorts of characters the fellow has impersonated since he has been in Ballarat, swindling in all directions, but he received a check on Monday at the City Court, being sent to gaol for six months by Mr Thomson, P.M., for obtaining goods under false pretences from Mr G. Burgoyne, grocer, of Mair street.
Bechervaise seeks return of popular lecturer on spiritualism
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . A meeting of gentlemen desirous of again hearing Mrs Hardinge Britten lecture here was held on Monday evening at the Academy of Music. The attendance was good, and Mr Bechervaise occupied the chair. It was decided to invite Mrs Britten to visit us again at an early date, probably next Sunday week.

##### 1878 09

Bechervaise elected starter at the recently formed Ballarat Yacht Club
   BALLARAT YACHT CLUB. The annual meeting of the Yacht Club was held at Gill’s hotel last night, Commodore Edwards occupying the chair. The annual report stated:— "Your committee, in their annual report, beg to congratulate members on the large measure of success which has attended the opening season of the club. Since the formation of the club in May, 1877, the interest felt in yachting has increased to a surprising extent; and now the time-honored and healthy rereation enjoys a popularity scarcely surpassed by any other indulged in in Ballarat. During the past season the sailing members of the club have been almost constantly afloat when the state of the weather and the depth of water permitted of sailing, while the non-sailing members have on all occasions displayed the greatest interest in the various public and private events contested on the lake. The first annual regatta, held on 30th November, 1877, in which so many of the crack yachts from the seaboard took part, was generally pronounced the greatest success of the kind know in the colony; while the different cup contests and private matches which have taken place since have provoked great interest, and have been heartily enjoyed, both by members and the public. The season has, in fact, been much more successful than your committee had reason to expect. . . . Election of Officers.— The Hon. R. Le Poer Trench was re-elected president without opposition, and the Hon. H. Cuthbert and Mr E. Morey were elected vice-presidents. Mr O. E. Edwards was unanimously re-elected commodore, and Mr G. Hathorn captain. Messrs A. Brown and A. T. Seal were re-elected treasurer and secretary respectively. Mr H. R. Caselli was re-elected judge, Mr Bechervaise was elected starter, and Mr. Sleep, re-elected timekeeper. Messrs Bailey, Morey, Mann, Hickman, Claxton, and Williams were elected members of the executive, committee; and Messrs Williams, Morey, Thurling, Bailey, Downey, and Menzies members of the sailing committee. It was resolved to have the opening cruise on Saturday next, to start at 3 p.m. . . .

##### 1878 10

Bechervaise involved with successful telephone experiments between Ballarat and Creswick
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . Some interesting telephonic experiments were made at the Telegraph-office on Friday evening, when successful communications were had with Creswick, where the Rev. Duncan Frazer, who is an ardent telephonist, was delivering a lecture. His son, Mr G. K. Coutts, Mr Bechervaise, and others operated, and until telegraphic occupation of the line prevented, the exchanges were very clear. Singing and conversation were heard, and Mr Coutts sounded a bugle, to which he heard the Rev. Mr Frazer reply distinctly, "Very well done, George, do it again." Altogether the experiments were both amusing and successful.
Examination for Bechervaise's students in telegraphy class, 13 of 18 pass
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . An examination in telegraphy was held on Friday at the School of Mines, the examiners being Messrs R. L. J. Ellery, F.R.S., and Sam. W. McGowan. Eighteen candidates presented themselves for examination; thirteen passed, and seven of the number with credit. The vice-president has directed that a list of the successful candidates shall be at once posted on the notice-board of the school. The following is a copy:— C. J. Wild, C. Ross, C. Burns, C. Graham, J. Jolly, A. Tuxen, E. Toy, with credit; also, C. Ralston, O. Alderson, A. Bennett, S. Wil-liams, W. Robson, B. Moore.
Bechervaise's son Herbert Price travels to Adelaide
   SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. HOBSON'S BAY. . . . CLEARED OUT.— OCT 10 . . . South Australian, 656 tons, T. W. Lockyer, for Adelaide. Passengers — saloon: Mr. and Mrs. Baynton, Mr. and Mrs. James B. Wilson, Mrs. Guthridge, Mrs. McCutcheon, Mrs. Johnston, Mrs. Bean, Mrs. Shewring, Miss Carruthers, Mrs. Cogues, Miss Jones, Messrs. Hewlings, Joseph Symons, R. B. Wiseman, G. Robertson, Jackson, H. Beckervaise, Wright, Kilgore, Ernest Giles, De Young, M. H. Davis, and Do-naldson; and 63 in the steerage. McMeckan, Black-wood, and Co., agents.

##### 1878 11

Herbert Price Bechervaise still playing cricket with Ballarat Cricket Club
   CRICKET. . . . A match will be played on Saturday on the East Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, between the second elevens of the East Melbourne and Ballarat Cricket Clubs. The following players will represent the B.C.C.:— Campbell, Bechervaise, Jackson, McKenzie, Keogh, Reid, Johnston, Lewis, Lang, Conway, McDermott, and Wilkinson. The above team are requested to meet at the railway station tomorrow morning, at a quarter past 6 o'clock.
Typical housekeeping for Bechervaise
   POST-OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for the United Kingdom, Europe, America, &c., will be made up at this office on Thursday, 28th November, for despatch by the R.M.S. Siam. The times appointed for closing are — For registered letters; ordinary letters, packets, and newspapers, at 6 p.m. Money orders on the United Kingdom will be issued up to 1 p.m. on Thursday, 28th November. A Supplementary Mail, for letters only, will be made up for despatch, via Queenscliff, on Friday morning, 29th November, at 5 o’clock. Letters for the United Kingdom, and foreign countries via the United Kingdom, bearing a late fee of 6d each, will be received up to 11 a.m. on Friday, 29th November, for despatch via Geelong. WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat, 22nd November, 1878.

##### 1878 12

Bechervaise is official starter for the second annual regatta of the Ballarat Yacht Club
   BALLARAT YACHT CLUB. ANNUAL REGATTA. (By Our Own Reporter) The second annual regatta of the Ballarat Yacht Club was held on Lake Wendouree yesterday. The affair attracted yachting men from all quarters, and so much interest was taken in the matches that seven boats were sent up from Melbourne to compete in the first and second class matches All the yachts sent up from Melbourne belonged to the Albert-park Yacht Club. Yesterday morning was fine, but bitterly cold, the thermometer being as low as in the depth of winter. There was scarcely any wind, and it was feared there would not be breeze enough to try the sailing qualities of the boats and the skill of the captains. About noon, however, the wind freshened, and the temperature became more genial. The holding of the regatta was made an excuse for a general half holiday, and soon after noon, the majority of the adult population, and all the boys of Ballarat, appeared to be assembled on the borders of Lake Wendouree. The scene was a very pleasant one. The sky was bright, the banks of the lake were thronged with an immense crowd of well dressed holiday makers, the lake was dotted with innumerable sailing and rowing boats and crowded steamboats, while moored ready for starting for the great race of the day were 14 really beautiful little yachts. The course was laid out so as to give the yachts a run of a little over a mile, so that there might be no confusion at starting. The flag ship was stationed at View Point, at the south end of the lake, and the course was from that point round Garden Island, a mile and an eighth distant, then round a buoy at the north west end, called Brace's buoy, along the west side of the lake round a buoy at the southern corner, and thence to the flagship, the distance being a little over three miles. The wind was from the southwest, so that it was running and reaching all the way except from Garden Island to Bruce's buoy. The wind was rather variable, with smart puffs at times. The race was a most exciting one, and no one could tell which of the two leading boats had won till the official announcement was made. Those who witnessed the contest, were satisfied that the best-handled boats finished first and second. Captain Hathorne handled the winning boat admirably, and his knowledge of the locality assisted him greatly. Captain R. Heard, who sailed the Reporter, was under a disadvantage in being almost a stranger to the lake, and he had the bad luck to lose his best assistant in R. Banner, who met with an accident just before the race started, through a bottle of lemonade bursting and cutting both his hands badly. The winner, though owned by a Ballarat resident, was built by Mr. J. Edwards, of the Yarra-bank, and the second and third yachts came from the same well-known establishment. Fourteen competitors started for the second-class race, which was won by Coquette, who led most of the distance; Girofla was second, and Victoria third. This race was started so late in the afternoon that the Melbourne visitors were unable to see the finish. The regatta was pronounced by everyone to be the most enjoyable holiday ever held in Ballarat. The office bearers were — Commodore, Mr. O. E. Edwards; captain, Mr. G. Hathorne;, treasurer, Mr. A. Brown; judge, Mr. H. R. Caselli; starter, Mr. M. P. Bechervaise; time-keeper, Mr. J. T. Sleep; secretary, Mr. W. Downie; assistant judge, Mr. W. Reddish. The following are the particulars of the racing:— . . .
Typical housekeeping for Bechervaise
   POST-OFFICE NOTICE. Mails for the United Kingdom, Europe, America, &c., will be made up at this office on Friday, 27th December, for despatch by the R.M.S. Assam. The times appointed for closing are — For registered letters, ordinary letters, packets, and newspapers, at 6 p.m. Money orders on the United Kingdom will be issued up to 1 p.m. on Friday, 27th December. A Supplementary Mail, for letters only, will be made up for despatch, via Queenscliff, on Saturday morning, 28th December, at 5 o'clock. Letters for the United Kingdom, and foreign countries via the United Kingdom, bearing a late fee of 6d each, will be received up to 11 a.m. on Saturday, 28th December, for despatch via Geelong. WM. PHILIP BECHERVAISE, Postmaster. Post and Telegraph Offices, Ballarat, 20th December, 1878.

#### 1879
##### 1879 01

Early indication of discontent within Vic PMGD staff
   The hon. the Postmaster-General received a number of deputations to-day, chief among which was one from a number of the employes of the post-office, with respect to certain promotions in the letter-sorters and despatch departments, which, it was contended, had not been equitably made. On examining the papers, however, it was discovered that these changes had been made prior to Mr Patterson's assumption of office, and the hon. gentleman promised to give his best consideration to the matter, with a view of redressing anything inequitable in the changes made.
As previous
   INQUIRY IN THE POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT. To the Editor of the Herald. Sir,— Allow me, through the columns of your valuable paper, to call the attention of the Postmaster-General to the declaration which he made last week to Messrs Munro and Laurens, M.L.A.'s, with reference to the assistant-sorters of the G.P.O. On inquiry, it would appear that the Minister found that those subordinate officers had been unjustly treated, through Mr Cuthbert having been improperly induced to do that which was a gross injustice. Mr Patterson promised that he would make further inquiries into the matter. The question in which those assistant-sorters are most directly interested is to know how that inquiry is to take place. If it is done by some officers of that department, especially those who misled Mr Cuthbert, Mr. Patterson may rest assured that the condition of the subordinates is not likely to be very much improved. Why not appoint a board of inquiry now that Parliament is in recess? What proofs can be more glaring and substantial than those pointed out by the Minister himself to Messrs Munro and Laurens to show that the subordinate is unjustly treated? The public cannot forget the memorandum which was read by Mr Patterson in Parliament, in answer to Mr Gaunson's motion — viz., "That the loss of the overtime was of considerable importance to those officers in receipt of small wages; ranging from five to ten shillings per diem." Those who drew up that memorandum had the effrontery to say that only half-a-dozen of supernumeraries were affected, and those who really did lose by the new system were officers in receipt of from £350 to £400 per annum. However, that precious document, which brings disgrace on its author, subsequently proved itself to be utterly incorrect. On a subsequent day Mr Patterson had to admit it in Parliament. Mr Gaunson having insisted upon his previous motion, as being a bona fide one. On that occasion Messrs Munro and Nimmo warmly supported Mr Gaunson. In the presence of such facts, which shook every feeling of justice, how can the Minister trust such officers? Mendax in uno mendax in toto. A board of inquiry is, therefore, indispensable to those subordinate officers. Let them come before such board, and bring to light certain things that might astonish both the public and the Postmaster-General. Should Mr Patterson fail to appoint such board of inquiry, I predict, and without fear of contradiction, that the poor subordinate will never get fair play, and will always be badly treated.— I am, &c., DO IT.
Compare to previous, PMG's call for complaints to not be aired in the press
   LETTER-CARRIERS' HALF-HOLIDAY. The letter-carriers of Melbourne and its suburbs celebrated their first anniversary of their Saturday half-holiday at Hockin's Hotel, on Saturday night. There was a good attendance, and a substantial dinner was provided for those present. Mr Dewhurst, letter-carrier, presided, and Mr Turner, Postmaster of South Yarra, took a prominent part in the proceedings, being the initiator of the half-holiday system. During the course of the evening, Mr Patterson, the Postmaster-General put in an appearance. After the usual toasts were proposed, Mr Keating proposed the health of Mr John Turner, as the first person to secure to the letter-carriers the great boon of having a Saturday half-holiday. Mr Turner, in acknowledging the honor done him, recounted the obstacles he met in the way, and the help, also, that he had received. He was proud to have it said that he made the start in giving the letter-carriers a half-holiday, and he felt it was a duty incumbent on him. He then spoke in flattering terms of the assistance the present Postmaster-General, Mr Patterson, had accorded them, and felt sure that from him the Post Office officials would receive justice, and would soon be placed on a better footing than they had occupied before. Mr Flattly proposed the health of Mr Patterson, and spoke in high terms of what that gentleman had done for them. Mr Patterson, in acknowledging the toast, mentioned what he had done for the Post Office since he took the reins of the department. He was determined to do justice to every one, despite their political proclivities. If any of them wanted redress he advised them to come to him, and not to write letters to the press on the subject, as he would always do them justice. He congratulated them on this their first anniversary, and trusted they would see many more. He hoped the time was not far distant when the working of the Melbourne Post Office would compare favorably with even the principal one in London; and to accomplish this they were to all work with a purpose, and implicitly carry out the directions of those above them. A vote of thanks was accorded to the press for the assistance rendered by them in advocating the cause of the letter-carriers in the Saturday half-holiday movement. During the meeting both Mr Patterson and Mr Turner were repeatedly cheered. The company dispersed at midnight after all had thoroughly enjoyed themselves.
As previous, a more detailed and revealing report
   THE LETTER-CARRIERS' HALF-HOLIDAY. The letter carriers of Melbourne and suburbs celebrated the first anniversary of their Saturday half holiday by spending a social evening together last Saturday, at Hockin's Rooms, Elizabeth street. There were about 100 persons present, including several guests, amongst whom were the Hon. J. B. Patterson, Postmaster-General, and Mr John Turner, postmaster of South Yarra. After supper, Mr. Dewhurst, the chairman, gave the toast of "The Queen," which was drunk with musical honours. Mr. Keating proposed the health of Mr. Turner, to whom, he said, they were deeply indebted, inasmuch as he was the originator of their half holiday, and one of its most indefatigable and energetic promoters. This toast was warmly received, and responded to. Mr. Turner, in replying, recounted the difficulties he had to contend with when promoting the movement, and expressed a hope that the letter carriers would never be deprived of their half-holiday. Mr. James Flattley proposed the health of the present Postmaster-General. (Cheers.) They had sometimes had Postmaster-Generals whose health they would not like to drink — (hear, hear) — but on account of the great administrative ability displayed by Mr Patterson since he took office, of the many important reforms he had inaugurated, and of the consideration he had shown, not only for the convenience of the public but also for the comfort of the employés, he had made himself dear to the hearts of his subordinates, and they could, therefore, drink this toast with enthusiasm. They had had his sympathy in their half holiday movement, and he had now given them a deputy-postmaster-general whom they all regarded with the greatest respect. Moreover, under his administration they hoped to have the regulations for promotions of 1874, under which they at present laboured so disadvantageously, remodelled. (Applause). Mr Patterson thanked them cordially for their kind expressions of esteem. He was glad that the officers of the department had that feeling towards its head which was most likely to make that department respected by the community. No man could have more reason to feel proud than Mr. Turner had at the compliments which had been paid to him that night as the founder of the Saturday half holiday for the letter-carriers, and they were compliments which had been well merited. Letter-carriers had a very pleasant position in one sense, for it was said they had sweethearts everywhere — (laughter) — but they had also very hard work. Indeed, he believed that they and some men in the Railway department did harder work than, perhaps, any other employés in the civil service, whilst they received just as poor remuneration. He was, therefore, much pleased that they had obtained a weekly half holiday. The Post-office and Railway departments were essentially established for the convenience of the public, and it would just be as absurd for an engine driver to declare on the morning of a holiday that he should enjoy himself on that day as well as other people as for a postman to refuse to work when other people, although holiday making, were depending on his services. When, however, they had to undergo any sacrifice of time or loss of a holiday, it should always be made up to them afterwards. He would not, then, have been pleased had they obtained their Saturday half-holiday at the slightest sacrifice to public convenience; but he was glad to say that, as business men were away from their offices from Saturday afternoon until Monday morning, no inconvenience could arise from the innovation. (Applause.) Reference had been made to the reforms he (Mr. Patterson) had instituted in the department during the four or five months he had been at its head. In the first place, he considered that, in making appointments or promotions, competency alone should be considered. No man could say that he, since the day he took office, had ever appointed any person above the junior class, and no man would ever be able to make such a statement truthfully. Future employes would all have to commence at the bottom of the ladder and rise step by step, as they deserved to be promoted, either on the ground of long service or of competency for certain duties. (Applause.) That was the only way a department employing a large body of men could be properly managed. In the next place, he had wiped out one class — that of assistant sorters — altogether, and had filled up the vacancies in the sorting staff from the letter carriers. Letter carriers who were growing old in the service were entitled to some such position, and they were a sufficiently intelligent class from which to draw the sorters. (Applause ) In the old country, they were not considered sufficiently intelligent, but he (Mr Paterson) entertained a different opinion, whilst he also held that letter carrying was not work for old men. Some of his predecessors had appointed men over 50 years of age as postmen, but he hoped that there would be such a reform of the civil service as would for the future prevent the recurrence of that kind of thing and throw the field open to young men. At present, too, new hands received very shabby remuneration, and before getting employment at all had to go through a lot of trouble and pass Dr McCrea before they could be accepted. Moreover, the results of the medical examinations were sometimes very strange. He (Mr. Patterson) had seen men physically strong rejected, whilst weakly men seemed to be on the increase in the department. However, there was a medical gentlemen whose duty it was to look after that, and he (Mr. Patterson) was, therefore, not responsible. One little thing he had done for new employes was to reduce their probationary period from three to two months, whilst he had increased the pay of those in the telegraph office from 10s. to 12s. 6d. per week, to correspond with the Railway department's office. It was impossible for a Minister to do his duty unless he laid down a certain mode of procedure, and he (Mr. Patterson) had adopted this as a safe rule to go by — "that only juniors shall be appointed as letter-carriers, and when vacancies arise in the sorting department they shall be filled up by the most competent amongst the letter carriers who desire to become sorters." (Applause.) Of course, like every other Minister, he was only in office for a short time; but if he could lay down a broad rule which could be clearly understood by the officers of the department, they would not be ready to go astray from it in the future, and he would now invite the employes to resist every attempt which might be made to defraud them of their proper promotion by the introduction of any system which would not stand a test on principles of equity. (Applause.) He desired to maintain the most harmonious feelings between the officers and himself, and he was therefore happy to hear that the selection he had made of a deputy-postmaster general had met with their entire approval. He liked the Post office department, because it required some administration; and he was pleased to receive daily congratulations with respect to the reforms he had inaugurated. The delivery of letters early in the morning was in itself a great reform. It certainly entailed on some men the necessity of emptying letter boxes at an earlier hour, but he would see that these officers were equitably dealt with. There still remained plenty of work — enough to occupy the hardest working Minister that ever took office for the next 12 months. He had observed letters in the newspapers that must have emanated from some dissatisfied persons in the department, but when they were inquired into and analysed, they were generally found to be entirely untruthful. It would be much better if any officer who had a complaint to make would lay it before his superior, who in turn would bring it under his (Mr. Patterson's) notice so that the cause of it might be removed. He (Mr. Patterson) did not want to work the department politically, and could therefore invite any employe who was dissatisfied to go to him for justice, no matter what political opinions he might hold. His desire was to make the postal and telegraph service of this country as perfect as possible, and one which would be a credit to the colony. (Applause.) On the motion of Mr Turner, a vote of thanks was accorded to the Government for having granted the letter carriers the Saturday half-holiday. The proceedings, which were varied at intervals by songs and recitations from employes, were soon afterwards brought to a conclusion.
First clear indication of reforms to telegraph branch that would bring Bechervaise to Melbourne
   The changes in connexion with the Postal service are not yet completed. An important reorganisation is contemplated by Mr. Patterson in connexion with the telegraphic branch of the service, which is likely to be placed more directly than it is at present under the control of Mr. S. W. McGowan, as the professional head of the Post-office department.
Further political commentary
   THERE is reason to suspect that the reappearance of corruption in Cabinet appointments, and the undisguised tyranny with which civil servants of heterodox political opinions are beginning to be treated, have caused division and distrust in the Ministerial camp; and we are told that a house divided against itself shall fall. The literary partisans of the Government never ventured to uphold the appointment of Mr James Farrell to the post of Parliamentary librarian — nor did they see fit to defend the coarse brutality shown by the Commissioner of Railways in dismissing a worthy work-man for blurting out one solitary indiscreet expression at Mr Gaunson's meeting. The Age, as the labouring men's tutelary genius, felt it unsafe to justify an act so analogous to gagging, and an innate hatred of oppression and a misgiving as to Ministerial integrity sufficed to keep the remaining advocates of Berryism silent. Similarly, nothing satisfactory has been said in vindication of the youngest Duffy's appointment as clerk of the papers, over the head of a man who had served up to the position. It is felt that the reign of unscrupulous venality that was scotched in the defeated Duffy-Berry Ministry is reviving in full strength under the auspices of Berry and the Unseen Hand. Mr Patterson, when posturing before the jubilant letter-carriers the other night, on the occasion of their half-holiday anniversary, made an assertion which, if strictly accurate, draws a very vivid contrast between himself and his colleagues, and shows that he is conscious of the blot on their administration. Mr Patterson said "he defied any one to point to one improper appointment or promotion made by him." It may be that Mr Patterson throughout has washed his hands of the appointments and dismissals that lie open to criticism, although some men are bold enough to say that the appointment of Mr Jackson as Deputy Postmaster-General was in direct ignorement of Mr S. W. McGowan, the next in seniority to the retiring officer, Mr Turner. If he be innocent of all complicity in the corrupt acts by which the Ministry are accomplishing their condemnation, it is a very good reason why he should draw such a very obvious distinction between himself and his colleagues, although resignation would be more practical and to the purpose. As an illustration of the style in which the Ministry reward the unscrupulous and leather-lunged, in contrast to the penalty inflicted on Birch, their offending ganger, we may mention the case of Murphy, who presented himself to Mr Berry on his embarkation as the accredited representative of the associated trades, but who was afterwards repudiated by them. Instead of representing 40,000 men, as he stated, he represented only himself, but the audacious man was immediately rewarded for his homage to Berryism by appointment as an Exhibition Commissioner. It appears by the indignant correspondence now going on that the total of the 17 or 18 trades' unions in Melbourne amounts to 800 men, so the odd 39,200 are phantoms which lent eclat to the embarkation scene. We may rest assured that the fermentation of these facts during Mr Berry's absence, and the suppressed fury felt at the elevation of the Attorney-General as his locum tenens, will help to prepare the people for the election which looms in the distance.
SA Advertiser has good links into Victorian Government . . .
   Radical changes are proposed to be made in the General Post-Office and Telegraph Department. Mr. McGowan has been appointed Head Manager; Mr. James, the present Manager, has been made Travelling Inspector of Telegraphs; and Mr. Payter, the Assistant Manager, has been sent to Ballarat to succeed Mr. Bechervaise, who comes to Melbourne to organise the department under Mr. McGowan.
The Argus states that Bechervaise's shift to Melbourne is permanent
   We mentioned recently that a reorganisation of the Electric Telegraph department is contemplated by the Minister, who thinks that the arrangements are susceptible of many improvements. Some important changes in the personnel of the department have now to be announced. Mr. T. R. James, who has long been in charge of the metropolitan station, will for the present be employed in inspectorial work. His place will be taken by Mr. W. P. Bechervaise, of Ballarat, who comes to Melbourne permanently, and Mr. J. W. Payter, assistant manager, Melbourne proceeds to take charge at Ballarat. The telegraphic department is now directly under the control of its old head, Mr. S. W. McGowan, who has been asked by Mr. Patterson to report on various schemes of improvement.
Further detail to previous
   NEWS OF THE DAY. . . . For some time past the Postmaster-General has been greatly dissatisfied with the working of the Telegraph department, and in consequence of the difficulties placed in his way in obtaining information respecting it, has resolved to effect a thorough reorganisation at all risks. Yesterday the first step in that direction was effected, Mr. James, the head of the department, being temporarily removed from that position, and ordered to perform inspectorial duties in the country for the next three months. In the meantime Mr. S. W. McGowan will have supreme control of the central office, and will be assisted and advised in the work of reorganisation by Mr. Bechervaise, of Ballarat, who is stated to be one of the most efficient officers in the service. Mr. Joseph Pater (sic, Payter) will take charge of the Ballarat office in the meantime. It is believed that there has been great irregularity in the promotions in the office, which cannot be justified.
Yet another take
   TOWN TALK. . . . Some important changes in the personnel of the Telegraph Department are announced. Mr T. R. James, who has long been in charge of the metropolitan station, will for the pre-sent be employed in inspectorial work. His place will be taken by Mr W. P. Bechervaise, of Ballarat, who proceeds to Melbourne permanently, and Mr J. W. Payter, assistant manager, Melbourne, proceeds to take charge at Ballarat. The Telegraphic Department is now directly under the control of Mr S. W. McGowan, who has been asked by Mr Patterson to report on various schemes of improvement.
Bechervaise to leave Ballarat today to commence charge of Melbourne office
   Mr Bechervaise will leave Ballarat today to commence work in his new sphere at the Telegraph Office, Melbourne. We avail ourselves of this event to publicly record the courteous manner in which he has always acted to the public during his long connection with Ballarat, and to acknowledge the efficient manner in which he has generally discharged his duties. Mr Bechervaise will henceforth be stationed in Melbourne, where he will have full charge of the Telegraph Office.
Bechervaise departs Ballarat
   BALLARAT. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) TUESDAY EVENING. . . . Mr. W. P. Bechervaise, for many years in charge of the post and telegraph department here, left for Melbourne this morning to take charge of the head office. He was accompanied to the train by a numerous party of friends anxious to wish him prosperity in his new sphere of labour. A testimonial is being got up for presentation to Mr. Bechervaise.
As previous
   NEWS OF THE DAY. . . . Last night's Post writes:— "Mr W. P. Bechervaise, late post and telegraph master at Ballarat, left for the metropolis by the 11.30 train this morning, whither he proceeds to take charge of the Melbourne branch of the department. Mr Bechervaise was accompanied to the station by a few personal friends and leading citizens, all of whom expressed regret at parting with so capable and courteous an officer as Mr Bechervaise has proved himself during a residence amongst us of over 20 year's. The local office was this morning taken charge of by Mr Payter, who will for the future assume command."
Bechervaise's friends meet to organise a testimonial
   NEWS AND NOTES. This day's events:— "The Man from America," at the Academy of Music; Dr Lynn at the Mechanics' Institute (members' entertainment); cricket match on the Eastern Oval, Herndon dramatic company v the Comus Club; meeting of Mr Bechervaise's friends, Lester's Hotel, 8 p.m.; meeting of Board of Advice, school 34.
A Herald journalist waxes poetic on attempts to reform in Victoria politics & administration, including the Melbourne Telegraph Office
   THE POLITICAL POSITION. We have not touched political subjects for some weeks, because our readers are well-nigh sick of them. Our contemporaries, who are still ding-donging on the one theme, are for the most part worrying over the past. They are fighting the battles over again and denouncing the doings of the Ministry with an iteration which is getting monotonous. And what is the good of it? One of the chief functions of the press is to keep the Ministry straight; not perhaps, in the same sense as the Speaker is reputed to have operated upon his Excellency in critical times, but to keep the public thoroughly informed of the administrative actions of the various political heads. This constant flow of news and criticism exercises a wholesome and salutary check — or rather, it ought to do — on such weak Ministers as might not otherwise be able to resist the importunate demands of the hungry office-seekers and other needy hangers-on. Whilst a restraining influence is thus exercised, it is only fair to acknowledge the good deeds of Ministers, and encourage them to emulate each other in the institution of reforms or departmental improvements. On this principle we recognise the activity of Mr Patterson in the administration of his various departments, and his desire simultaneously to serve the country and win his spurs as an administrator. We do not object in the least to the semi-picnic style in which the Watts River and the Yan Yean are visited. Such little gratifications are the lawful perquisites of office, and are well earned after the tedious midnight debates of a harassing session. The desire to increase the water supply, and afford additional comfort to citizens, is a proper one to encourage. Mr Patterson is therefore to be congratulated on the activity he has displayed, not only in this direction, but in rendering the Post Office more efficient, and in now endeavoring to improve the Electric Telegraph service. To Mr Woods, we understand, belongs the credit of suggesting an amendment of our over-land mail arrangements with Sydney. During his well-earned pleasure-jaunt to Newcastle, where he principally desired to see "how coals were handled," he took the opportunity of suggesting to the Sydney Government that a little extra speed on the overland route between the colonies would be appreciated in Melbourne, the result of which is that our mails will in future be carried to and fro with increased expedition. Major Smith again has not been idle. Opening new State schools with political addresses is his forte. As often as the opportunity has offered itself, the Major has trotted off to the post of duty with as many of his colleagues and parliamentary supporters as he could muster for the occasion. Then, Mr Longmore has not been remise in taking excursions and fortifying himself against the evils of town life by copious draughts of country and cool mountain air. One day he is counting the number of rabbits in view at one time from a given point, and devising a scheme for their destruction; the next he is personally inspecting red-gum reserves in the Ovens district, in which no red gum exists, and throwing them open to selection; then he is throwing open tracts of country in goldfield districts, which have been withheld from the selector on the plea that they might be required by the miner. The Otway forest, consisting of nearly 160,000 acres, is to be offered to selectors in a few days. Thus we see that several Ministers, by a judicious combination of business with pleasure, by an admixture of free travelling with a sense of duty to self and to the State, are really doing good — much more good than they often do by nights of recriminatory debate in Parliament. Mr Grant's duties are probably such as require his presence in town or possibly he derives no pleasure from the al fresco joys so much sought after by some of his colleagues; but at all events he does not appear to travel much. Sir Bryan O'Loghlen, bearing on his shoulders in addition to his own, the cares and responsibilities bequeathed to him by his absent chief, is more tied to office than his colleagues. Still, we are glad to see that he can find time to make himself conversant with the beauties and capabilities of the Yan Yean reservoir. Ministers will find that the contemplation of nature in her most agreeable moods, and under enjoyable circumstances, exercises a softening influence on the human mind, and, we hope, the political conscience. When Mr Patterson and Sir Bryan, in company with his Excellency, unpack the carefully prepared picnic hamper on the shores of the Yan Yean, and contemplate the placid majesty of that great sheet of water it will, perhaps, occur to them to contrast the tranquility of the lake and scenery with the political storms in which they have been prominent actors. If they pursue the contrast further, they will realise that our great inland reservoir has been more useful and more comforting to the people than the sea of politics. Tranquil and unruffled, it does its duty honestly. It sends us our morning bath and our drink; it lays the dust in the streets and turns machinery; it fertilises our garden plots, and cleans our horses and buggies; and all this in a quiet, unobtrusive way that wakes the citizens' heart to gratitude. Now, what do we get from politics compared with this? Have we reaped any fruit at all, or any solid advantage whatever from the stormiest of Parliament which is approaching its end? Ministers, will do well to consider the contrast further, and to note that out of quietness comes comfort, and out of strength utility, as illustrated in the Yan Yean. Let them apply this lesson in the future, and they will turn to profit some of these pleasant junkettings, which the country does not grudge them.
As previous, another overview by an Age journalist
   "It is just as impossible for men who are immersed in the labor and business of daily life to investigate and elucidate the great problems of government and social polity, as it would be for them to master the science of law, surgery, medicine, or divinity." This is the latest utterance of the somewhat sententious oracle, from which the Conservative party in this country draw all their knowledge and inspiration, and we do not know that a more pregnant condemnation of Conservative politics and politicians could be compressed into the limits of a single sentence. If we look through the bead-roll of those politicians for the last twenty years, what do we find? The most conspicuous figures have been men laboring under the very disqualifications which it is now declared ought to be a barrier to their entrance into political life — men immersed in business, who have had neither the time nor the inclination to devote themselves to the study of the problems which they ventured to legislate for — the O'Shanassys, McCullochs, Francises, Services, Langtons, Murray Smiths, and the rest. It has been the one persistent object of the Liberal party to rescue the government of the country from the hands of such men. Their contention has been that a landowner should not be at the head of the Lands department, and that a bank director and merchant should not be entrusted with the task of determining the fiscal and financial policy of the country. Not that they are more incapable or less honest than their neighbors, but because they are attached to a class, are impregnated with its prejudices, and must be insensibly tempted to prefer its interests to those of the community in general. They bring to the work of legislation the instincts of the counting-house and the bank parlor, and give such time to it as they can snatch from the engrossing obligation to push their own private fortunes above all things else. Problems of government and social polity are necessarily the secondary business of their existence, and departments are administered, not with a view to get the greatest amount of work out of them, but in such a way as to secure the least amount of trouble. If we want proof of this, we have only got to contrast the number of useful departmental reforms accomplished by the present Government with the barren faineantism of the holders of office who preceded them. In the Post Office, in the Railways, in every office in fact where a single abuse could be brought to light, or a single useful innovation be introduced to remedy it, nothing has been left unattempted to promote the comfort and safety of society. Whatever else may be charged against the Berry Government, they will always be remembered for their unfashionable zeal and industry in the cause of the public. Their chief commendation is that they have not disdained to do in person what "the men immersed in the labors "of daily life" made a rule of either overlooking altogether or entrusting to their underlings with pretty much the same effect. If a railway is to be surveyed Mr. Woods is the first on the line of route to examine into its merits on the spot. Is there a failure in the water supply? Mr. Patterson goes to the Yan Yean or the Watts River to ascertain for himself the best means of repairing the want; while Mr. Longmore is at the other end of the colony consulting with the selectors about the ravages of the rust and the rabbits. It is the same with the other departments. Their political heads are not lay figures, to whom the easy chairs and sofas of office are the elegant reward for doing nothing, but hard-working men who are not immersed in the labors of their private counting houses, and are therefore able to think out the great problems of government and social polity with a conscientious desire to find the best possible solution for them. This is undoubtedly the distinguishing characteristic of the present Government, and we thank its opponents for calling attention to its superiority in this respect over those that have preceded it. It is in a particular sense a working Government, and nobody can hereafter deprive it of the distinction. It is eminently significant of its opponents' honesty or argumentative sagacity that, though they have discovered at last that a Government composed of men immersed in the business of daily life is the least suited to deal with politics successfully, they are nevertheless perpetually denouncing Mr. Berry and his colleagues as mere professional politicians. If, as we are told, politics ought to be considered as a profession of itself, how can it be charged as an offence against a man that he devotes his time to the study of politics, and depends upon the reward that it brings him for the means of living? Such men abound in Europe. In fact they are the men who rule all the world over. We find them overtopping their fellows among English statesmen in both camps. Mr. Gladstone, Lord Beaconsfield, Mr. Lowe, Mr. Foster were never immersed in the labors and business of daily life. They were never bank directors, squatters or merchants; in other words, they were never anything else but professional politicians, and yet we venture to say the problems of government and social polity have not suffered in their hands. And if not, why not? Because they have made politics their business, as inferior men in a smaller sphere of activity are doing at this moment in Victoria to their own credit and the marked aggrandisement of their country.
Ballarat people organise a formal farewell for Bechervaise
   A number of gentlemen met last night at Lester's hotel for the purpose of devising some means of recognising the lengthened and valuable services of Mr W. P. Bechervaise. Mr A. Anderson was voted to the chair, and Mr W. Downie explained the purpose of the meeting. It was resolved that Mr Downie act as secretary. A number of apologies for unavoidable absence, with intimations that whatever was done would be heartily supported, were received. After some discussion, it was resolved that those present form themselves into a committee, with power to add to their number, and that the recognition to Mr Bechervaise take the form of a complimentary banquet, the tickets to be half a guinea each. The secretary was requested to communicate with Mr Bechervaise, and ascertain when he could make it convenient to visit Ballarat, after which, probably on Monday next, a meeting of the committee will be held at Lester's hotel, due notice of which will be given.
"Let justice be done though the heavens fall."
   THE POSTOFFICE DEPARTMENT. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Sir,— With reference to an extract from the Ballarat Star, published in your last night's issue, it would appear that there is great dissatisfaction in the accountants' department of the G.P.O. It is understood that the Postmaster-General will be interviewed in the matter. There is no other branch of the public office in Victoria where the subordinate officers, it would appear, are more harshly treated? than those attached to the G.P.O. The facts that have lately been publicly revealed, evidently tend to show that there is a general dissatisfaction prevailing amongst the subordinates in that department. One of your correspondents last week, writing on the subject, challenging anybody to contradict him, said, that unless a board of inquiry is appointed, the subordinate officers shall never get fair play. The more we go, the more we find that such a board, as suggested by your correspondent, is indispensable, which might perhaps result in the removal of some of those officers so handsomely paid, and who seem now to have lost that confidence which the subordinates previously had in them, and might also very likely root out what may be called "Brough Smythism." Mr Patterson has undoubtedly achieved great reforms in the G.P.O., which are of a great credit to himself, and the community has found the precious advantages resulting from those reforms; but, on the other hand, nothing should now be spared to improve the condition of those poor subordinate officers, by whom, through their activity, zeal and regular attendance, the last alterations in that department are being so successfully carried out. I think, from the information that I have received, that it is only a board of inquiry that will settle, once for all, the future prospect of these men; and should this be done, it would really be one of the brightest and glorious days that the P.O. employes have ever witnessed in that special branch of the public service.— Yours, &c., "FIAT JUSTITIA RUAT CAELUM." 14th January.
Bechervaise testimonial progresses
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . About twenty gentleman met on Monday night at Lester's hotel in reference to the Bechervaise testimonial; Mayor Leggo in the chair. The question of form of recognition was discussed at some length, when it was finally resolved that the department be written to asking that a presentation be allowed. It was also arranged that the whole of the gentlemen present form themselves into a committee, and that Messrs Anderson, Perry, Palmer, Baldwin, and Downie be a sub-committee to arrange for carrying out the object of the meeting. The committee arranged to wait upon the friends of Mr Bechervaise, with the view of making the presentation a genuine feeling of respect and appreciation of Mr Bechervaise's long residence and kindly conduct as a public officer and citizen.
Example of Patterson's reform activities
   THE MINISTRY OF ACTION. TO THE EDITOR Of THE AGE. Sir,— One of the benefits conferred on the community at large and the inhabitants of North Carlton in particular by the altered post office arrangements is clearing the letter-boxes in time for despatch per morning trains. The Postmaster-General during the short time he has been in office has done more real practical work than any previous Minister, and it would appear he does not intend to stand still, his motto being "Onward." Another benefit conferred on this district was a change in the time of delivery of letters, which did not take place in the morning until past eleven o'clock, though this injustice had from time to time been brought under the notice of no less than four gentlemen who had previously held the same office, some of whom gave the usual official reply, and others did not reply at all. Mr. Patterson had not been in office a week when the matter was represented to him, and within two days the letters were delivered at half-past eight a.m., and have always been delivered before nine o'clock ever since. The residents ought therefore to thank Mr. Patterson for the prompt action he has taken to give them their letters before leaving for their offices in the morning instead of finding them on their return home in the evening, which in many cases rendered them of no commercial value,— Yours, &c., ST. JUDE'S.
Ballarat correspondent offers insight on the Post Office goings on, but does not fully reveal
   BALLARAT. FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT. BALLARAT, January 24. I think I told you in my last letter that we are going to give Mr. Bechervaise, our late post and telegraph master, a dinner at Lester's Hotel. Now also there is a move made for a testimonial, but whether pictorial, pecuniary, or chronometrical has not yet been revealed. This reminds me of Mr. Bechervaise's predecessor in the post office here, who had two or three "fads." Poor Thacker, honest as the sun, and in some things suggestive of the moon, had an incontrollable passion for watches. I am told that he had between thirty and forty watches and I don't know how many clocks. He used to keep the watches in a tin box and have a sort of dress parade at certain and uncertain intervals. But, perhaps, the most strange of all his eccentricities was his buying mining scrip and holding them no matter what price they rose to. Such super-commercial views in regard to scrip would be enough at the Corner to amount to a requisition to David Fitzpatrick, J.P., to hold an inquest. But Thacker was not one of the common herd in matters of conscience. R.I.P. Reverting to Bechervaise I may state that with his removal to the Melbourne telegraph office, synchronises the removal from the Melbourne post office of Mr. Hart the oldest officer in our post office. Bechervaise and Hart had a chronic feud on, and hated one another very cordially, but I am not aware that this jarring between the head and the subordinate had anything to do with the simultaneous removal of the officers. Bechervaise was a valuable public officer, a jolly sort of a fellow to meet, but that, I suppose, will not paint him as an angel of light. Alas! my dear sir, you and I were told when children that there are skeletons in every house.

##### 1879 02

New telegraph master at Ballarat makes a welcome change
   NEW AND NOTES. . . . A very welcome addition has just been made to the furniture in the lobby of the Telegraph-office, and one which it is surprising should have been wanting so long. It consists of a table and chairs to accommodate persons wishing to write out telegrams in the lobby, especially ladies, to whom the old high desks have proved very uncomfortable hitherto.
Further Patterson reforms in the telegraph network
   NEWS OF THE DAY. . . . It is perhaps not generally known, in connection with other arrangements recently made in the working of the Telegraph department, that any telegraph office in the colony can now communicate with the head office in Melbourne at all times, night as well as day, and on Sundays at all hours. We understand that it is proposed, to make a material alteration in the rates charged for the transmission of telegrams after eight p.m. to the more important offices, such as Geelong, Ballarat, Sandhurst, Castlemaine, Beechworth, Sale, &c. The rates hitherto charged have been fifty-eight words and under, 5s. The rates proposed to be adopted are the following:— From eight p.m. to eleven p.m., double the present ordinary rates, viz., 2s. for ten words, and 2d. every additional word. After eleven p.m. until half-past eight a.m., treble the ordinary rate, viz., 3s. for ten words, and 3d. for every additional word. The ordinary rates on press messages will remain unaltered, but it is proposed to reduce the charge on press messages transmitted within the colony on Sunday to the amount charged for press messages on other days between half-past seven p.m. and eleven p.m., viz., 100 words and under, 2s., each additional fifty words and under, 9d. The Postmaster-General, in view of the forthcoming Exhibition, is in communication with the authorities in Sydney, the object being to obtain additional facilities for the transmission of press messages between that city and Melbourne.
The Bechervaise testimonial committee progresses the work & collection
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . A meeting of the Bechervaise testimonial committee was held on Monday night at Lester's hotel. Present — Messrs H. Leggo (in the chair), Perry, Cook, Anderson, Palmer, Sleep, Morey, Downie, and Dr King. The various members of committee reported favorably as to the amount collected, and it was resolved the lists be left open for another week, the sub committee in the meantime to see to the purchase of a suitable presentation. Mr W. J. Gates was appointed to collect donations promised, and it was arranged to hold a meeting on Monday evening next, at the same time and place.
Ballarat Courier report of the Bechervaise testimonial
   PRESENTATION TO MR W. P. BECHERVAISE. Mr W. P. Bechervaise, who for many years was post and telegraph master in this town, having been through departmental exigencies removed to Melbourne to fill the position of head of the telegraph office there, his numerous Ballarat friends determined that he should not be allowed to leave the town without receiving some recognition of the estimation in which he was held by them. A committee was formed, and it was determined to present him with a handsome gold watch. The members of the staff at the local office also determined to present him with a token of esteem, and their presentation took the form of a gold albert chain and locket, and the two presents were given to Mr Bechervaise at Lester's hotel last night. The watch, which is from the establishment of Mr J. T. Sleep, of Lydiard street, bears the following inscription:— "Presented to Mr W. P. Bechervaise by a few of his Ballarat friends. 8th February, 1879," while the locket is engraved with a very pretty monogram. About forty gentlemen, amongst whom the Yacht Club (of which Mr Bechervaise was a prominent member) was well represented, assembled at Lester's hotel last night to take part in the presentation, and to wish Mr Bechervaise farewell. The mayor of the city occupied the chair, and, after proposing the health of the guest, said — "I have much pleasure, on behalf of a number of your friends and well-wishers at Ballarat, in presenting you with this watch as a small token of the regard and esteem you have won both in your official and private capacity during your long residence amongst us. Although regretting your departure, we hope that your removal to another sphere of duty will be beneficial to your best interests. We are sure that the same courteous attention in official intercourse, and geniality of disposition in private life, will ensure for you equal respect and goodwill elsewhere as you have enjoyed during twenty years' residence at Ballarat. I would like to add that, while acting in a representative capacity, I fully sympathise with the action of your friends, and desire also to express my own testimony of goodwill and best wishes for the future of yourself and family. I now invite the company to drink the health of Mr Bechervaise." The toast was drunk with musical honors, and Mr Bechervaise, rising to respond, expressed himself as very flattered by the kindly expression of feeling given vent to by the proposer of the toast, and by the other gentlemen present in the manner which they had received it. They must all be aware, he said, that when the question of a testimonial to him was mooted by the chairman of the Yacht Club, he (the speaker) dissented from it. He dissented because he did not approve of testimonials, but the chairman promptly told him to mind his own business. He did mind his own business, and he was very glad he had, seeing how the matter had eventuated. He had been a resident of Ballarat twenty-one years and over, and the fact of so many gentlemen assembling to do honor to him he thought was some kind of appreciation of what they termed his excellent services and conduct as a citizen. He had always tried to live by the golden rule, and apparently not altogether unsuccessfully. He was very proud to see those who were present, and should always look back with pleasure upon the incidents of that evening. He might state that it was not definitely settled that his connection with Ballarat should be permanently severed, and he might be soon sent back here. Whether that was so or not he should always look upon Ballarat as the pleasantest place south of the line. Officials were obliged to obey orders, but were he relegated to Ballarat he would be glad to obey, and he would even come here at a reduced status, if the opportunity were offered him. He accepted their very handsome present with great gratification. Mr Bechervaise then concluded by thanking the donors for their testimonial, and for the very cordial way in which they had toasted him. Mr Anderson, the vice-chairman, then proposed the health of the mayor, whom he thanked for presiding, and after the toast had been drunk, the mayor responded. The meeting then broke up; the company dispersing amid mutual expressions of good wishes.
As previous, the Ballarat Star report of the Bechervaise testimonial
   PRESENTATION TO MR W. P. BECHERVAISE. About thirty gentlemen attended at Lester's hotel on Monday evening, for the purpose of presenting Mr W. P. Bechervaise, the late postmaster here, with a testimonial in recognition of the esteem in which he was held by his friends. Mr Bechervaise has been lately removed to Melbourne to undertake special duties in connection with the telegraphic system of the colony, and it was on the occasion of his leaving Ballarat to assume his new position that his friends determined to present him with the gift which he received on Monday night. The Mayor of the City (Cr Leggo) occupied the chair, and Mr Andrew Anderson the vice-chair, there being among the gentlemen present members of both councils and several of the officials in the local telegraphic and postal departments. Apologies were received for the absence of several gentlemen. The testimonial consisted of a gold watch, subscribed for by Mr Bechervaise's friends outside the offices over which he lately presided, and a chain and locket subscribed for by the staff in those offices. The watch bore the following inscription:— "Presented to Mr W. P. Bechervaise by a few of his Ballarat friends. 8th February, 1879." The Mayor, in making the presentation, said:— "I have much pleasure, on behalf of a number of your friends and well-wishers at Ballarat, in presenting you with this watch, as a small token of the regard and esteem you have won both in your official and private capacities during your long residence amongst us. Although regretting your departure, we hope that your removal to another sphere of duty will be beneficial to your best interests. We are sure that the same courteous attention, in official intercourse and geniality of disposition, in private life will ensure for you equal respect and goodwill elsewhere, as you have enjoyed during your residence at Ballarat. I would like to add that while acting in a representative capacity I fully sympathise with the action of your friends, and desire also to express my own testimony of goodwill and best wishes for the future of yourself and family. I now invite the company to drink the health of Mr Bechervaise." (Applause.) The toast was drunk with cheers, and in replying Mr Bechervaise said "Mr Mayor and gentlemen, I feel very much flattered indeed, at the kind expression of feeling given vent to by you. You are all aware that the initiation of the testimonial to me at the meeting of the Yacht Club was in a measure dissented from by me, when I said I did not approve of testimonials. I was told by the gentleman having the chair to mind my own business, and I did so. (Laughter.) And, Mr Mayor, I am very glad I did mind my own business, because it has eventuated in this beautiful watch which you have presented to me. So far as my residence in Ballarat is concerned I may say that I have been here in a public capacity for twenty-one years and over, and the very fact of your assembling this evening to do me honor in this way is some kind of appreciation of what you term my good services — and good conduct, may I mention — as a citizen and a private resident. (Hear, hear.) I have, without being egotistical, always endeavored to do what was right and act conscientiously, that is to say, observe what is generally termed the golden rule, and place myself in the position of others, to do to them as I would wish to be done by. This is my religion, and what may be termed acting conscientiously, and I feel persuaded that it has not been altogether unnoticed. (Hear, hear.) Your presence this evening proves that it is not, and I have so many friends around me that my general feelings of modesty and bashfulness have been already overcome by pride. I am proud, certainly, to see you here and to receive this present from you. For the present itself, as I said the other day in the office when something of the sort was spoken of there, I care very little, but it is the expression of feeling carried with that present I esteem; and no matter where I am, I shall always look back to this day, and my reception by you and your presentation to me. (Hear, hear.) It has been understood by many that my connection with Ballarat has been permanently severed, but this may or may not be the case. When the secretary of this movement communicated with the Postmaster-General upon the subject, that gentleman said to me that it was inadvisable for me to accept this testimonial, in case I went back to Ballarat. I said all the better, and finally he was agreeable for me to accept the present. I have done half of my term in Melbourne, and I may come back, but whether I do or not, this Ballarat of ours will always have the first place in my affections, because I am sure south of the line it is not possible to live in a place more comfortable and healthy. (Hear, hear.) I hope to be able to come back, and will gladly obey when instructed to do so. I am not surprised to see so many gentlemen present, for I know I have all hearty esteem and goodwill, and I shall accept your present with the greatest gratification. I feel very much your kindly expression of feeling, and if I come back I shall endeavor to do my best, as I have always done before, that is, work together with you. (Applause.) The vice-chairman proposed the health of "The Mayor," which was well received, and duly responded to, and after a few more toasts, including "The Testimonial Committee, and its secretary, Mr Downie," were drunk, the proceedings terminated.

##### 1879 03

Bechervaise chairs the ordinary monthly meeting of the Telegraph Electrical Society
   NEWS OF THE DAY. . . . The ordinary monthly meeting of the Telegraph Electrical Society was held last night at the Athenaeum, Mr. W. B. Bechervaise in the chair. A new code of rules for the society, drawn up by Mr. J. D. Doyle, was adopted, and ordered to be printed. It was also decided to print at once a pamphlet compiled by Messrs. Doyle and Daniel, containing full details of the electric light. A new form of Theiler's telegraphic instrument was exhibited. It was considered very ingenious, but opinions varied on the question of its practical value.
Bechervaise in a cast of thousands at the Levee of the new Governor of Victoria
   THE GOVERNOR'S LEVEE. The Marquis of Normanby, the new Governor of Victoria, held a Levee at Government house yesterday. In consequence, probably, of this being His Excellency's first public reception in this colony, a special interest attached to the ceremony. Certainly the attendance was much larger and more thoroughly representative of the various classes of the colonists, than has been witnessed on similar occasions for many years. The ceremony, which took place in the ballroom, began at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, and occupied upwards of an hour. About 1,300 gentlemen were presented. Owing to the bad state of her health, Lady Normanby was prevented from attending. The concourse began to pour into the Government-house grounds soon after 2 o'clock. Shortly before 3 o'clock, Sir Bryan O'Loghlen, with Major Smith, and Messrs Patterson, Longmore, and Grant, his fellow Ministers, entered the room, and took up positions on the dais. His Excellency the Governor, accompanied by Colonel Anderson and some officers of the volunteers, and Lord Harvey Phipps, A.D.C, and Captain Le Patourel, private secretary, came in just before the stroke of the hour, and the presentation commenced punctually. There was a great variety of costume in the neighbourhood of the dais, and the scene was brilliant and striking. Prominent in the assemblage were seen scarlet-robed judges of the Supreme Court, dazzlingly attired officers of the Volunteer force and foreign consuls, and members of the senate and undergraduates of the University in their academic costumes. Gentlemen holding cards of entrée were admitted by the principal entrance, and were presented in the drawingroom at half past 2 o'clock. They followed His Excellency to the ball-room, where the ordinary presentations took place. Of course the great majority of the citizens who attended wore the sad-looking British evening dress. Several gentlemen who had received cards of entrée arrived too late for the drawing room reception, and were presented in the ordinary form. The President and members of the Legislative Council were the first to bow to the Governor in public. Next came members of the Legislative Assembly, members of city and suburban municipal councils, members of the University, officers of volunteers, and so on. No particular order, however, was observed in the public presentation. A few mayors and presidents of local bodies in the country districts were present, but not so many as on the occasion of the late Governor's levée on the Queen's birthday anniversary last year, when free railway passes were sent by the Government to all persons in such positions. On the present occasion, we understand that free passes were issued only to mayors and presidents who applied for them. The following gentlemen presented cards of entrée . . . The following is an alphabetical list of the other gentlemen presented - . . . Rev. James Ballantyne, John Blyth, Rev. Dr. Bromby, Alexander Buchanan, Ernest Arthur Barker, Geo. Billson, M.L.A.; F. F. Baillere, Dr. Dougan Bird, Captain J. Browne, E.M.A., R.V.V.A.; Wm. P. Bechervaise, Robert Bowman, M.L.A.; Gilbert Wilson Brown, Dr. Blair, Richard Birnie, Dr. Thomas Black, Chas. Barrett, William Black, Dr. Edwd. Barker, Joseph Brown, D. M. Beynon, George Frederick Brind, Henry Bolger, Robert Barton, James Balfour, Rev. H. A. Betts, S. Bright, Lachlan J. Brient, Charles F. E. Brown, F. Barton, Jas. MacBain, M.L.A.; . . .
Report in the Ballarat Star that Bechervaise to return to his Ballarat duties
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . We are informed that Mr W. P. Bechervaise will resume his old position as head of the local post and telegraph office in the course of a week or so.
Long term Ballarat post office employee Harte also transferred to Melbourne
   The employes of the local post and telegraph offices intend to present Mr T. Harte, who has been transferred to the Melbourne branch, with a testimonial of their esteem in the shape of a handsome gold chain and medal, the latter bearing a suitable inscription. Mr Harte has been an officer in the local branch for about sixteen years, and gained the respect of all with whom he came in contact. The presentation will be made in a few days.
Possible explanation for the rumour that Bechervaise expected to return to Ballarat
   CITY AND TOWN GOSSIP. BY "Quince." . . . A rumor was circulated a few days ago to the effect that Mr Bechervaise was again about to reign in the Ballarat Post and Telegraph Offices. I wonder can this be in any way associated with the fact of the authorities, in their last communication to the council, ignoring the post office for the East. Now, Councillor Scott and Co., to work, and let us see what sort of metal you are made of. It is common rumor, and has been for a long time, that the ex-postmaster is dead against the scheme — in fact says it can't be done. Red-tape has ruled too long to the dis-advantage of the East and its institutions, and it is but for the representatives of the ratepayers in both the council and Parliament to say "It must be," and it shall be — red-tapeism notwithstanding.
As previous, further developments
   We are requested to explain that the statement made that Mr Bechervaise, late post and telegraph master in Ballarat, is opposed to the opening of a post and telegraph office in Ballarat East, is entirely without foundation, and that the reports that gentleman has made to the head of the department will entirely substantiate this denial.

##### 1879 04

Further shoddy reporting by the Ballarat Courier
   We understand that the Postmaster-General has definitely determined to place Mr Bechervaise permanently in charge of the Melbourne Post and Telegraph Office; in which position he will have our present local postmaster, Mr Payter, as second in command. Mr James, of the Melbourne office, is to replace the latter gentleman here, and will enter upon his duties at once.
More careful & attributed reporting by the Star
   NEWS AND NOTES. . . . More changes are pending in the post and telegraph office management here. Mr Bechervaise, who was in Ballarat on Wednesday, will remain in Melbourne at least for some time yet, and Mr Payter who is also about to return to Melbourne, will be replaced here by Mr James, who also comes from the metropolis.
Harte's testimonial with no mention of Bechervaise
   PRESENTATION TO MR THOMAS HARTE. Mr Thomas Harte, who has lately been removed from the Ballarat Post-office, where he has occupied a responsible position for many years, to the general post-office in Melbourne, was made the recipient of a testimonial from his fellow-workers at the Town Hall hotel on Saturday night. There were about fifteen officials from the post and telegraph offices present at the presentation, and Mr T. Heaney, who was voted to the chair, explained the object of the gathering, which, as he said, was to give some expression of the esteem in which Mr. Harte was held by them, and of the regret which they felt at his removal to Melbourne — change, however, which they hoped prove beneficial to him in every way. The chairman then called on Mr Kidd, the senior letter-carrier, to make the presentation of a valuable gold chain and medal to Mr Harte. Mr Kidd spoke of the one general feeling of regret which was manifested in the office at Mr Harte’s removal, and said that he knew that that gentleman would value the testimonial not for its mere intrinsic worth, but for the old associations which it would recall, and the fact that it was subscribed for with the utmost cheerfulness would much enhance its value. (Hear, hear.) So long as the trinket lasted, he said, Mr Harte might feel assured that those who gave it him, and indeed many who had not had an opportunity to subscribe for it, would think of him as a genuine straight-forward honest man, and a fellow-worker with whom they would all very much like to be associated with again. (Applause.) It was always an aim of human nature to earn the good opinion of others, and what he said of Mr Harte was perfectly true, and it now only remained for him to hand that gentleman the gift from his late associates. (Applause.) The medal bore the following inscription on the obverse, "Presented to Thos. Harte by the employees of the Ballarat Post-office, as a mark of their high esteem and good wishes after many years connection with him in the service. March, 1879." On the reverse was engraved the recipient's monogram. Mr Harte on rising to reply was received with applause. He spoke as follows:— . . .
Further rumours about Bechervaise placement
   MISCELLANEOUS. . . . Mr Bechervaise, late post and telegraph master in Ballarat, is to be placed permanently in charge of the Melbourne office, Mr James succeeding him at Ballarat.
New regulations for running, management and staff of the Victorian Post & Telegraph office
   NEWS OF THE DAY. . . . A new set of regulations providing for the proper carrying on of the business of the Post and Telegraph offices, the arrangement of the salaries and the system of promotion of the employés, and fixing the terms of probation as well as the time for and mode of hold-ing examinations, has just been completed and will shortly be put into operation. Mr. Lang-ton's regulations, which have never proved in any respect satisfactory, are to be completely superseded, and the change will be welcomed by all concerned. The formulation of the new rules and the devising of a suitable arrange-ment of the various departments of post office labor was a task of considerable difficulty, and it has only been successfully accomplished by Mr. Patterson, with the active co-operation of the Deputy Postmaster-General (Mr. Jackson) and Mr. Malcom, an officer of the depart-ment.

##### 1879 05

Bechervaise takes the chair of the Telegraph Electrical Society
   The usual monthly meeting of the Telegraph Electrical Society was held last evening in the Athenaeum. Mr. W. P. Bechervaise occupied the chair. Mr. P. R. Challen exhibited and explained a speaking phonograph constructed by himself in imitation of Edi-son's clever invention. The instrument repeated quite audibly, and sometimes with remarkable distinctness, the songs and sentences uttered by members in the mouth-piece and the suggestions of experience will no doubt lead to its further improvement. A cordial vote of thanks to Mr. Challen was passed. Two new members were elected — Mr. Walter Campbell, of the Ballarat Telegraph office, and Mrs. M. Mitchell, of the Majorca Telegraph office.
Bechervaise takes charge of distribution of a major speech by Service, setting a record in the process
   The report of Mr. Service's speech published yesterday was admirably transmitted by the Telegraph department. Besides the messages to the country press, 21,500 words were sent to the Melbourne papers, of which The Argus received over 13,000 words. As the meeting did not conclude until after 11 o'clock, the operators could not be kept fully supplied with copy until that hour, when the reporters left, but notwithstanding this drawback the Maldon office had finished at half-past 1 o'clock, and the last Argus slip was received by us at 10 minutes to 2. This is the most successful tele-graphing feat as yet recorded in Victoria. The lines were in good working order, and Mr. Bechervaise sent up a staff of his best operators to Maldon, and took charge him-self in Melbourne. The arrangements at Maldon worked without a hitch, under the supervision of Mr. G. E. Groves, the local manager, to whose courtesy the representatives of the press are indebted for material assistance.
Bechervaise again in a cast of thousands attending the Governor's levee for the Queen's birthday
   THE LEVEE. The levee of his Excellency the Governor, in honor of Her Majesty's birthday, was held in the ballroom of the Government House. From an early hour the town was astir with people correctly attired for presentation to the representative of their sovereign — staff and volunteer officers, navy men, people holding official positions at the University, graduates and undergraduates, private gentlemen in evening (or morning) costume; everybody "got up" in his peculiar and appropriate style for doing honor to Royalty's representative. Anyone who witnessed the stream of loyal citizens which flowed across Prince's Bridge to the Vice-regal residence could not help feeling convinced that Victoria was not ripe for republicanism. All kinds of conveyances bore gentlemen along the St. Kilda road to the Government House — grand carriages and pairs of prancing steeds, modest one-horse broughams, quiet buggies, and democratic jingles and wagonettes. The approaches to Government House were guarded by mounted policemen, who regulated the order of the vehicles and prevented confusion. A body of the local force was drawn up in front of the house, and gave an official eclat to the proceedings. The hall presented a very brilliant appearance, which, however, would have been improved by the presence of ladies, whose graceful presence always "lends enchantment to the view." Gentlemen presenting cards of entree entered by the principal door of the Government House, facing the north; and having been received, repaired to the ballroom where they took up places near the person of his Excellency. The crowd there assembled was very grand. The scarlet uniforms of the staff and volunteer officers, the blue coats of the naval ones, the scarlet and ermine of the judges, the robes of the bishops, the full-bottomed wigs and silk gowns of the Queen's Counsel, the gowns and hoods of the University graduates, all commingling in charming harmonious variety. The following presentations were made:— The following gentlemen had the right of entree:— . . . B. Leut. Colonel Bull, R. A. A. Balfour, E. L. Backhouse, M.A., T. Brisbane, J. Burston, W. Briggs, A. C. Brownless, junr., G. Bennett, T. Bolam, Dr T. Black, R. J. Ballantyne, H. J. L. Batten, Capt. F. W. Bull, E. Bage, Dr E. Barker, J. Benn, F. E. Beaver, G. B. Berry, Capt. B. Baxter, Lieut. J. R. Ballenger, R. Bright, S. Bright, H. Brotherton, C. Berghoff, A. Bayne, H. Burrows, J. H. Blackwood, Capt. J. J. Buchan, G. W. Brown, F. G. Bushell, J. Bosisto, T. Bent, M.L.A., T. D. Burrough, R. S. Bradley, G. K. Brown, W. P. Bechervaise, E. Barry, W. P. Buckhurst, R. Blackwood, J. L. Barrow, S. Browne, J. Brady, C. O. F. Bichner, C. Baker, — Brook, J. Blair, R. G. Brien, Rev. C. Becher, Cr. Bowen, F. S. Brush, Dr Balls-Headley, Rev. Dr Bromby, Sir R. Barry, R. Barton, M. L. Bagge, J. Barker, J. Blackwood, N. Black, J. Barwick, J. B. Bennett. . .

##### 1879 06

Bechervaise, a head of the Melbourne Telegraph Office, chairs the monthly meeting of the Telegraph Electrical Society
   The Telegraph Electrical Society held its usual monthly meeting at the Athenaeum last night, Mr. W. P. Bechervaise in the chair. The hon. secretary, Mr. L. S. Daniel, read a paper on Edison's Electro-chemical Telephone, a recent invention which, dispensing with magnets and electro-magnetism, brings into action a modification of his electro-motograph, and electro-chemical action is made to reproduce on a mica diaphragm the vibrations of sound imparted to the transmitting telephone. These sounds are stated by those who have heard this instrument to far surpass anything yet produced by electric telephones, and to actually utter with perfect distinctness in loud tones the conversation carried on through it. Only a meagre description of the new invention has yet reached Australia, but it is hoped that one of the instruments will be exhibited at the next monthly meeting. Mr. J. D. Doyle also described the mode of action of Cowper's writing telegraph, which requires two lines to work it, and is undoubtedly one of the most clever of the numerous recent inventions in telegraphy. Mr. Arthur Giles, of Daly Waters telegraph station, Northern Territory, was elected a member.

##### 1879 07

Bechervaise again chairs the meeting of the Telegraph Electrical Society
   NEWS OF THE DAY. . . . A meeting of the Telegraph Electrical Society was held at the Chief Telegraph Office on Saturday evening, Mr. W. P. Bechervaise presiding. In compliance with an invitation from the commissioners of the Melbourne Exhibition of 1880, it was decided to appoint two delegates to represent the society at the Social Science Congress proposed to be held during the period of the Exhibition, and Messrs. Geo. Smibert and L. S. Daniel, the hon. secretary of the society, were appointed.

##### 1879 08

Bechervaise again chairs the annual meeting of the Telegraph Electrical Society
   NEWS OF THE DAY. . . . The annual election of officers of the Telegraph Electrical Society was held last night at the Melbourne Athenaeum, Mr. L. S. Daniel being reappointed hon. secretary, and Messrs. J. D. Doyle, P. R. Challen, J. W. Payter and G. Smibert the committee of management. The annual report showed the society to be in a satisfactory condition, a number of new members having joined during the past (its fifth) year, and the balance-sheet leaving a credit in favor of the society. Mr. W. P. Bechervaise presided, and there was a good attendance of members. Mr. T. W. Jackson, Deputy Postmaster-General, was elected a member.
As previous, another report with further detail
   The fifth annual general meeting of the Telegraph Electrical Society was held last night at the Melbourne Athenaeum, Mr. Bechervaise presiding. The secretary read the annual report, showing the society to be progressing satisfactorily, 18 new members having been elected during the past twelve months, and the financial statement showing a balance to the credit of the society. The election of officers was then made, Mr. L. S. Daniel being re-elected hon. secretary and treasurer, and Messrs. J. W. Payter, G. Smibert, P. R. Challen and J. D. Doyle being appointed as the committee of management. Mr. T. W. Jackson, deputy post-master-general, was elected a member. A vote of thanks to the retiring committee terminated the proceedings.

##### 1879 09

Bechervaise elected as a member of the Royal Society Victoria
   The ordinary monthly meeting of the Royal Society was held last night, Mr. R. L. J. Ellery, the president, in the chair. Messrs. C. R. Blackett, M.L.A., Arnold Lilly, and P. Bechervaise were elected as members, and Messrs. T. W. Fowler and W. R. Guilfoyle, F.L.S., as associates of the society. The adjourned discussion on Mr. A. Sutherland's paper on the "Method of Calculating the Increment in the Value of Land," was resumed and brought to a conclusion by a few remarks by Mr. W. C. Kernot, M.A., and Mr. Sutherland. Mr. Cosmo Newbery read a few remarks on a new occurrence of gold in serpentine rock in an asbestos mine near Gundagai, N.S.W.; and Mr. T. E. Rawlinson, C.E., read a lengthy and interesting paper on "Forestry and Forest Culture," demonstrating the urgent necessity for placing the forests of Victoria under more efficient management, in order that the effects of the wasteful destruction of timber that has been going on may be counteracted.

##### 1879 11

A brilliant insight into the operation of the telegraph office at Flemington racecourse, overseen by Bechervaise, on Melbourne Cup day 1879, by an Argus reporter
   THE CUP DAY. Year by year, the Melbourne Cup day draws together from a wider area, covered by a steadily increasing population, a larger concourse of visitors. Whether the times are prosperous, or whether they are the reverse, tens of thousands of people, from all parts of Australia and from New Zealand, make it a point of almost religious duty to be present at Flemington on the great racing festival of the year. Douglas Jerrold once said that if an earthquake were to engulf England tomorrow, the survivors would manage to meet and dine somewhere amongst the rubbish, just to celebrate the event. And we believe that if Mr. Berry's long promised, but hitherto unperformed civil war were to break out on the eve of the Cup day, and he himself, mounted upon Mr. Rignold's fiery untamed steed, was to be seen charging down Flinders-lane at the head of a squadron of Geelong Indefensibles, people would go on packing up their hampers of boned turkey and tongue, and lobster salad, and Roederer and Moet, with a calmly courageous determination not to be baulked of their day's pleasure on the morrow; and that there would not be one brilliant costume the less, trailing in sheeny splendour on the lawn, to dazzle the eyes of admiring or of envious beholders. . . . The thousands on the course sought to know what number had taken the prize, but the inland towns and capitals of distant colonies had to be told by telegraph what had happened. The numbers had hardly been elevated when the telegraph-office was suddenly rushed. The scene as viewed from the inside was a strange one. Six windows were opened, and in an instant telegrams were thrust in in handfuls. Two or three faces wet with perspiration appeared before each aperture, and over the shoulders in front came the arms and hands of the people behind. Some forced in the paper with their fingers, and had the silver coins between their teeth, but were so excited that they did not know what they had done with the money. If the public jostled for places, hands trembled, and voices could scarcely articulate, the operators and clerks were cool. They took one paper at a time, quickly glanced at the address, counted the words, pencilled down two or three figures, tossed the silver into a corner and filed the message. If notes were tossed in with the telegrams, the clerk had to force them back. He could not stop to give change with a rush like this on. In a few minutes each of the five operators had a pile of messages at his side, and the work of transmission was well advanced. As the files beside the receivers got full, they were emptied, and the papers quickly passed across to the proper instrument. Messages for Sydney, Sandhurst, and Ballarat, or Geelong, were sent direct from the course, all others to the central office in the city, where 30 operators waited to distribute them. In came papers in pencil or ink as fast as sheets could be delivered from a newspaper press. "Where for?" asked the clerk, as he snatched up one, with a name but no address. "Sydney," was the reply, he pencilled on the words, and tossed the 2s. into the corner of his desk. Plenty came in without signatures — some written on sheets torn across the middle, some blotched with the still wet ink. "Lend me 2s.," said one to a friend in the crowd behind him. "I've nothing but notes. Here's the cash now," he called in through the window, and his crumpled message was taken up a second time, and this time passed on to the operator. The chief of the central office (Mr. Bechervaise) was in his shirt sleeves, and had not a spare moment on his hands, as he helped with others to clear the files and supply the operators, whose fingers were busy on the keys, and whose eyes were fastened on the scarcely legible scrawl that lay on the top of the heap. At the end of a quarter of an hour, the rush had not slackened in the slightest. The front of the office was thronged as thickly as at first, and fresh messages were in process of manufacture. Forms were held up against the rough stone walls, and the names of the first three horses rapidly, but roughly scribbled down. Two men competed for places at a wooden post. Some who could not get near shelves or walls used the shoulders of their friends as tables, and wrote under difficulties. The owner of one pair of shoulders became restive with excitement, and the table jumped away. It only remained for the impatient writer to look for a new one. The first bell had rung for the next race, and the receivers were still busy. Backs were bent down and faces pushed half into the windows, and the eager men in the second row looked in vain for a crack through which to thrust their messages in, and begone. It was not until three quarters of an hour had elapsed that Mr. Bechervaise could direct the three extra windows to be closed, and let some of his wearied clerks go outside for a few moments fresh air. Though the business done at the office on the racecourse is most lucrative, strange to say but little effort has been made to provide the operators and clerks with needful room. On the Derby day, one of the expertest hands nearly fainted at his instrument with the heat of the confined air of the little box in which ten men were at work. There was just space for a tripartite desk and three small tables, and here, with scarcely an inch of spare elbow room, five expert men were expected to polish off the messages of the rapacious public at the rate of 40 words a minute. They did it in spite of drawbacks. The instruments never stopped. There was scarcely a perceptible interval between one message and another. The tick-tick went steadily on. An hour had elapsed, and the next race was in progress, yet messages had not ceased to come in. There had already been over 7,500 words sent, but the piles of untouched forms seemed still large. It was estimated roughly that the Cup messages alone numbered nearly 2,000. By six o'clock, every inland town in possession of a telegraph office and a hotel must have known that Darriwell had won the Cup; by 5 o'clock, the result must have been announced to thousands in Sydney and Adelaide, and perhaps the news had reached the most distant New Zealand towns.

##### 1879 12

Bechervaise starter at the Ballarat Yacht Club annual regatta
   BALLARAT REGATTA. On Wednesday, 3rd December, the third annual regatta under the auspices of the Ballarat Yacht Club took place and crowned with a measure of success which must have been alike gratifying to the committee and to the vast number of spectators who assembled to witness the affair. The weather in the early morning looked somewhat threatening, and fears began to be entertained that the pleasures of the day were going to be marred, but bye and bye the rain-clouds cleared away, and a bright, breezy day ensued. Indeed, if both committee and visitors had had the regulating of the weather in their own hands, they could not have made it more auspicious. . . . The following boats also started:— Vagabond, Flying Scud, Achievement, Coquette, Tornado, Secret, Girofle, and Viola. This the principal event of the day, was anxiously looked forward to by everyone present, the favorites being the Victoria, Viola, and Achievement. The boats were got into position in good time, but during the time Mr Bechervaise was taking stock of the ballast in the various boats, the Coquette carried away her moorings owing to the strong breeze, and a considerable time was lost before she could be brought into line for the start.
Bechervaise resigns as telegraphy lecturer at School of Mines, appointed honorary life governor in recognition of services, numerous certificates in telegraphy, especially women
   SCHOOL OF MINES. The annual meeting of governors and subscribers was held at the School of Mines on 27th December; Mr J. Noble Wilson in the chair. The annual report, which was read by Mr W. H. Barnard, registrar, was as follows:— "Council.— On the 26th February the Governor in Council appointed the Hon. J. Warrington Rogers, Q.C., and the Right Reverend the Bishop of Ballarat, Crown nominees. The Hon. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy, M.L.A., K.C.M.G., has signified his intention of resigning his position as a Crown nominee. The following members of council retire by effluxion of time, but are eligible for re-election, viz., Messrs James Campbell; H. R. Casselli, J.P.; R. M. Serjeant, Asr. S.M.B.; J. F. Usher, M.D.; and the City Mayor. Messrs Joseph Flude, Jamies Oddie, J.P., and G. O. Preshaw have intimated their intention of not seeking re-election. . . . Lecturers.— The resignation of Mr W. P. Bechervaise was accepted with regret by the council in consequence of that gentleman's removal to Melbourne, and the necessary permission of the Government having been obtained, Mr W. D. Campbell was appointed in his stead lecturer in telegraphy. . . . Certificates.— Certificates have been granted by the council on the reports of examiners as under:— Willian Burbridge, George Alfred Hall (both of whom passed with credit); also, Susan Francis Cahir, Mary Rose, Josephine Usher, and Mary Troy, in telegraphy; Charles William Strachan, third class driver of other than winding engines; Amelia Grace Evans, Harry Crisp, Charles Samuel Clarke, Mary Ann McBarland, Annie Mackey, William John Kittlewell Pomroy, Elizabeth Ann Curnow, Archibald Drummond, Mary Ann Frances Proctor, and Harriet Blanche Smith (all of whom passed with credit); also Evelina Morris, Charles Russell Goode, Emma Jane King, Kate Agnes Mackey, Annie Grainger, Esther Amelia Tutton, Catherine Mary Josephine Ryan, and Gwenny Davies, in telegraphy. . . . Honorary Life Governor.— Mr W. P. Bechervaise, who for a period of four years and a half lectured in the subject, of telegraphy, and whose resignation as lecturer was rendered compulsory in consequence of departmental arrangements causing his removal to Melbourne, was, in recognition of valuable services rendered, appointed an honorary life governor of the school.

## References

* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XV, (15): p. 2. 18 January 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article112857857. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
* ↑ "PARLIAMENTARY INTELLIGENCE.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XV, (41): p. 3. 17 February 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219306225. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
* ↑ "WEDNESDAY, APRIL 27, 1870.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (7,450): p. 5. 27 April 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5818977. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) (918): p. 2. 24 May 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191565124. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) (950): p. 2. 30 June 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191567289. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) (967): p. 2. 20 July 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191565187. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) (985): p. 2. 10 August 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191564498. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XV, (219): p. 2. 14 September 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article218798413. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XV, (229): p. 2. 26 September 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article218798737. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) (1026): p. 2. 27 September 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191645662. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XV, (244): p. 2. 13 October 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article218799225. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) (1047): p. 2. 21 October 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191644060. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XV, (255): p. 2. 26 October 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article218799538. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XV, (263): p. 2. 4 November 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article218799809. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XV, (268): p. 2. 10 November 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article218799963. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "THE LOSS OF H. M. S. CAPPAIN.". The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales, Australia) LXII, (10,146): p. 7. 26 November 1870. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13217473. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVI, (60): p. 2. 11 March 1871. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197561084. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (7,723): p. 6. 11 March 1871. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5844102. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVI, (61): p. 2. 13 March 1871. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197561114. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "THE NEW TELEGRAPH OFFICE.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) (1180): p. 3. 28 March 1871. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191644265. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVI, (121): p. 2. 23 May 1871. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197562922. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVI, (229): p. 2. 26 September 1871. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197566152. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (7,956): p. 4. 9 December 1871. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5857727. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "Shipping Intelligence.". Cornwall Advertiser (Tasmania, Australia) , (125): p. 2. 12 December 1871. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article233000838. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
* ↑ "SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (7,974): p. 4. 1 January 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5858363. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (7,978): p. 3. 5 January 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5858523. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "Shipping.". Weekly Examiner (Tasmania, Australia) I, (1): p. 7. 6 January 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article233098126. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (13): p. 2. 15 January 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197626048. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTE.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (34): p. 2. 8 February 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197626607. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "NOTICES AND ORDERS OF THE DAY.". South Australian Register (South Australia) XXXVII, (7876): p. 5. 13 February 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article39264851. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "THE OVERLAND TELEGRAPH ROUTE.". South Australian Register (South Australia) XXXVII, (7879): p. 5. 16 February 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article39259545. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "THE OVERLAND TELEGRAPH.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (47): p. 4. 23 February 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197626921. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (102): p. 2. 29 April 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197628390. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (151): p. 2. 25 June 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219155921. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (156): p. 2. 1 July 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219156067. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (160): p. 2. 5 July 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219156167. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (161): p. 2. 6 July 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219156187. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "MELBOURNE.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (179): p. 2. 27 July 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219156678. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (203): p. 2. 24 August 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219157345. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (207): p. 2. 29 August 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219157457. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (240): p. 2. 7 October 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219158356. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (274): p. 2. 15 November 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219196017. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (279): p. 2. 21 November 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219196151. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (291): p. 2. 5 December 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219196488. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (8,265): p. 3. 6 December 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5843835. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT TERF CLUB SPRING MEETING.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (292): p. 3. 6 December 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219196535. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT TURF. CLUB SPRING MEETING.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (294): p. 2. 9 December 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219196573. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (297): p. 2. 12 December 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219196651. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (299): p. 2. 14 December 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219196705. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVII, (302): p. 2. 18 December 1872. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219196794. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "RACING EVENTS.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (1): p. 4. 1 January 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219197093. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (80): p. 2. 3 April 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199003656. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARATSHIRE COUNCIL.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (113): p. 4. 13 May 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199004542. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (117): p. 2. 17 May 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199004649. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (120): p. 2. 21 May 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199004723. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (125): p. 2. 27 May 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199004852. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "THE GOVERNOR'S VISIT.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VII, (1854): p. 3. 29 May 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article192280932. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "THE GOVERNOR'S VISIT.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VII, (1856): p. 2. 31 May 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article192281750. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VII, (1860): p. 2. 5 June 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article192279781. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VII, (1893): p. 2. 14 July 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article192278441. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VII, (1899): p. 2. 21 July 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article192276536. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT TURF CLUB.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (179): p. 2. 29 July 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199006264. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "B.T.C. SPRING MEETING.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (290): p. 3. 5 December 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201608500. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (301): p. 2. 18 December 1873. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201608770. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VIII, (2042): p. 2. 5 January 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article192284200. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT TURF CLUB GRAND NATIONAL MEETING.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VIII, (2107): p. 2. 21 March 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article192282708. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VIII, (2108): p. 2. 23 March 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article192282662. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.". The Mercury (Tasmania, Australia) XXIV, (4243): p. 2. 23 April 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article8929528. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.". Bendigo Advertiser (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (5892): p. 2. 27 April 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article88232674. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (118): p. 2. 19 May 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201973654. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". Evening Journal (South Australia) VI, (1642): p. 4 (SECOND EDITION). 27 May 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article196749624. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (125): p. 2. 27 May 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201973833. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VIII, (2166): p. 2. 30 May 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article192285398. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (128): p. 3. 30 May 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201973897. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VIII, (2168): p. 2. 2 June 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article192285924. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (130): p. 4. 2 June 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201973959. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (131): p. 2. 3 June 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201973985. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (137): p. 2. 10 June 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201974139. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "MISCELLANEA.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (140): p. 4. 13 June 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201974226. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (148): p. 4. 23 June 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201974434. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (182): p. 2. 1 August 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199327403. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VIII, (2220): p. 2. 1 August 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191558900. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VIII, (2248): p. 2. 3 September 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191558121. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (227): p. 4. 23 September 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199328554. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT TURF CLUB SPRING MEETING.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (247): p. 3. 16 October 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199329110. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "CHEAP GARDENING.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (247): p. 3. 16 October 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199329107. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) VIII, (2297): p. 2. 30 October 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191558871. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT TURF CLUB MIDSUMMER MEETING.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (290): p. 4. 5 December 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208250076. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (294): p. 2. 10 December 1874. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208250187. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (12): p. 4. 14 January 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208250958. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (18): p. 2. 21 January 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208251116. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
* ↑ "SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. HOBSON'S BAY.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (8,980): p. 4. 27 March 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11514322. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
* ↑ "CLEARANCES.—APRIL 1.". The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales, Australia) LXXI, ([?]04): p. 4. 2 April 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28402443. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
* ↑ "SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. HOBSON'S BAY.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (8,987): p. 4. 5 April 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11514746. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (83): p. 4. 8 April 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208252916. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
* ↑ "PROVINCE ELECTION.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (84): p. 3. 9 April 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208252960. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "THE SCHOOL OF MINES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (111): p. 3. 11 May 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208328657. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (155): p. 1. 1 July 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208329856. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (177): p. 2. 27 July 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208330474. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) xx, (204): p. 2. 27 August 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208331228. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (223): p. 2. 18 September 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208331728. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (237): p. 4. 5 October 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200184756. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (238): p. 2. 6 October 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200184788. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (266): p. 2. 8 November 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200185519. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
* ↑ "Family Notices". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (266): p. 2. 8 November 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200185506. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (267): p. 2. 9 November 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200185537. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (268): p. 2. 10 November 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200185561. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (270): p. 2. 12 November 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200185609. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (9,178): p. 5. 13 November 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article7424795. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS OF THE DAY.". The Age (Victoria, Australia) (6481): p. 4. 13 November 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article202165796. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (285): p. 2. 30 November 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200185968. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XX, (294): p. 2. 10 December 1875. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200186187. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (3): p. 4. 4 January 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200186698. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (2682): p. 2. 25 January 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article210999419. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "CRICKET.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (23): p. 3. 28 January 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200187241. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (2693): p. 2. 5 February 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article211002029. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "SECOND ELEVEN QUEEN VICTORIA C.C. V PHŒNIX FOUNDRY C.C.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (2701): p. 3. 14 February 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article210999555. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (2705): p. 2. 18 February 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article210999224. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "POST OFFICE NOTICE.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (2705): p. 2. 18 February 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article210999234. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (51): p. 2. 1 March 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200228444. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (59): p. 2. 10 March 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200228654. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "CRICKET". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (2730): p. 4. 18 March 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article210996234. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (81): p. 2. 5 April 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200229307. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (83): p. 4. 7 April 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200229389. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (97): p. 2. 25 April 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200229767. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
* ↑ "POST OFFICE NOTICE.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XVIII, (2770): p. 2. 4 May 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article210995720. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (142): p. 2. 16 June 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200230988. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (148): p. 2. 23 June 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200231175. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (157): p. 4. 4 July 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200231411. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (157): p. 2. 4 July 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200231420. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (161): p. 2. 8 July 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200231550. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
* ↑ "POST OFFICE NOTICE.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (2867): p. 2. 26 August 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207828157. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (231): p. 2. 28 September 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199831118. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (2904): p. 2. 9 October 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207827910. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
* ↑ "THE SCHOOL OF MINES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (245): p. 4. 14 October 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199831504. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (253): p. 1. 24 October 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199831723. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
* ↑ "CRICKET.". Geelong Advertiser (Victoria, Australia) (9,165): p. 3. 20 November 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article150636393. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "BALLLARAT TURF CLUB.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (284): p. 4. 25 November 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199832558. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
* ↑ "SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (9,504): p. 4. 29 November 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5911437. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.". The Mercury (Tasmania, Australia) XXIX, (5053): p. 2. 19 December 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article8949969. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.". Bendigo Advertiser (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (6715): p. 2. 22 December 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article88244801. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (9,526): p. 6. 25 December 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5912853. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (310): p. 2. 27 December 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199833375. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "CRICKET.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XIX, (2974): p. 3. 30 December 1876. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207828110. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* ↑ "THE ALL ENGLAND MATCH.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (1): p. 3. 1 January 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199825672. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
* ↑ "THE ALL ENGLAND MATCH.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (2): p. 2. 2 January 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199825685. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (8): p. 2. 9 January 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199825863. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XX, (2986): p. 2. 13 January 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207822336. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (14): p. 4. 16 January 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199826037. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "THE BENDIGO ADVERTISER". Bendigo Advertiser (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (6,741): p. 2. 23 January 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article88270428. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XX, (3014): p. 2. 15 February 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207824995. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "CRICKET.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (55): p. 3. 5 March 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199827310. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT FIRE BRIGADE.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (56): p. 2. 6 March 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199827347. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (69): p. 2. 21 March 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199827751. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XX, (3044): p. 2. 22 March 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207819698. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (79): p. 4. 3 April 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199828057. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XX, (3054): p. 4. 4 April 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207818694. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (82): p. 2. 6 April 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199828126. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (83): p. 2. 7 April 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199828155. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "A MUSEUM.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (97): p. 3. 24 April 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199828614. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "THE SCHOOL OF MINES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (112): p. 4. 12 May 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199829147. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XX, (3089): p. 2. 15 May 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207819013. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (116): p. 2. 17 May 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199829282. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (118): p. 2. 19 May 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199829327. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (132): p. 2. 5 June 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199837743. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (138): p. 2. 12 June 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199837938. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (168): p. 4. 17 July 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199838842. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (182): p. 2. 2 August 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199839321. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (190): p. 2. 11 August 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199839546. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (3177): p. 2. 25 August 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207823227. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (210): p. 2. 4 September 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199840175. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
* ↑ "THE SCHOOL OF MINES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (244): p. 4. 13 October 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199841212. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (252): p. 1. 23 October 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199841425. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (270): p. 2. 13 November 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199282051. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT TURF CLUB SPRING MEETING.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (280): p. 3. 24 November 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199282332. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (291): p. 2. 7 December 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199282626. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXI, (3277): p. 3. 20 December 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article211535964. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (303): p. 3. 21 December 1877. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199282948. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
* ↑ "VICTORIAN MEMS.". The Albury Banner and Wodonga Express (New South Wales, Australia): p. 17. 19 January 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article257956297. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
* ↑ "THE JUVENILE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (9,865): p. 7. 28 January 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5919001. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (29): p. 2. 2 February 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199284004. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "THE TELEPHONE.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (30): p. 3. 4 February 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199284053. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". Avoca Mail (Victoria, Australia) (1,046): p. 2. 8 February 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201449062. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "A Morning with the Telephone.". The Herald (Victoria, Australia) (1812): p. 2. 4 February 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article244521618. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (3323): p. 2. 13 February 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article211539119. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "A NEW TELEPHONE.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (41): p. 4. 15 February 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199284335. Retrieved 4 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (42): p. 2. 16 February 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199284369. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "OPENING OF THE AUSTRALIAN JUVENILE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION, BALLARAT.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (3326): p. 2. 16 February 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article211540002. Retrieved 24 December 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (3327): p. 2. 18 February 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article211540283. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "TELEPHONIC SEANCES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (43): p. 4. 18 February 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199284396. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
* ↑ "AUSTRALIAN JUVENILE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (3328): p. 3. 19 February 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article211537658. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT.". Camperdown Chronicle (Victoria, Australia) IV, (360): p. 3. 26 February 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article22471655. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
* ↑ "ILLUSTRATIONS OF ELECTRICITY AND THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (3356): p. 2. 23 March 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article211535907. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
* ↑ "BEAUFORT ATHLETIC SPORTS.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (3362): p. 4. 30 March 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article211540493. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (3363): p. 3. 1 April 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article211540673. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT TURF CLUB AUTUMN MEETING.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (89): p. 3. 12 April 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199323045. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
* ↑ "THE SCHOOL OF MINES". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (90): p. 2. 13 April 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199323077. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
* ↑ "ZIGZAG PAPERS.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (118): p. 4. 17 May 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199323891. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
* ↑ "AUSTRALIAN JUVENILE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION BALLARAT, 1878.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (119): p. 1 (Unknown). 18 May 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199323945. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXII, (3404): p. 2. 20 May 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article210368600. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (136): p. 2. 7 June 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199324406. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
* ↑ "ZIGZAG PAPERS.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (142): p. 3. 14 June 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199324606. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (156): p. 2. 1 July 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199325020. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (3448): p. 2. 10 July 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article210368240. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (180): p. 2. 29 July 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199325739. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
* ↑ "MRS HARDINGE-BRITTEN ON “MODERN SPIRITUALISM."". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (182): p. 3. 31 July 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199325803. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
* ↑ "PLAIN-CLOTHES CONSTABLES AND FREE ADMISSIONS.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,032): p. 10. 12 August 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5943910. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,033): p. 7. 13 August 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5944079. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
* ↑ "THE ALLEGED PERSONATION OF THE BALLARAT POSTMASTER.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,039): p. 7. 20 August 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5945023. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (199): p. 2. 20 August 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199326331. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (199): p. 2. 20 August 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199326331. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT YACHT CLUB.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (212): p. 3. 4 September 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199343923. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (239): p. 2. 5 October 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199344714. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (239): p. 2. 5 October 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199344714. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
* ↑ "SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,084): p. 4. 11 October 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5916655. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
* ↑ "CRICKET.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (280): p. 2. 22 November 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199345908. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (282): p. 2. 25 November 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199345956. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT YACHT CLUB ANNUAL REGATTA.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,132): p. 6. 6 December 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5923658. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIII, (307): p. 2. 24 December 1878. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199346692. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
* ↑ "MELBOURNE.". Mount Alexander Mail (Victoria, Australia) (6165): p. 3. 1 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article198858492. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
* ↑ "INQUIRY IN THE POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT.". The Herald (Victoria, Australia) (2094): p. 3. 6 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246220569. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
* ↑ "LETTER-CARRIERS' HALF-HOLIDAY.". The Herald (Victoria, Australia) (2094): p. 3. 6 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246220566. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
* ↑ "THE LETTER-CARRIERS' HALF-HOLIDAY.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,157): p. 6. 6 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5927330. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
* ↑ "TUESDAY, JANUARY 7, 1879.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,158): p. 5. 7 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5927496. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
* ↑ "The Gippsland Times". Gippsland Times (Victoria, Australia) (2148): p. 2 (Morning.). 8 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article62026153. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
* ↑ "COLONIAL TELGRAMS.". The South Australian Advertiser (South Australia): p. 5. 9 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article29367157. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
* ↑ "THURSDAY, JANUARY 9, 1879.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,160): p. 5. 9 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5927760. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS OF THE DAY.". The Age (Victoria, Australia) (7460): p. 2. 9 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199356254. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
* ↑ "TOWN TALK.". Geelong Advertiser (Victoria, Australia) (9,825): p. 2. 10 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article150424516. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
* ↑ "No Title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (3607): p. 2. 13 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232165408. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,165): p. 7. 15 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5928524. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS OF THE DAY". The Herald (Victoria, Australia) (2102): p. 2. 15 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246222284. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
* ↑ "NES AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (13): p. 2. 15 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199347194. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
* ↑ "THE POLITICAL POSITION.". The Herald (Victoria, Australia) (2102): p. 2. 15 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246222287. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
* ↑ "No title". The Age (Victoria, Australia) (7466): p. 2. 16 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199358502. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
* ↑ "THURSDAY, JANUARY 16, 1879.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (3610): p. 2. 16 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232165515. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
* ↑ "THE POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT.". The Herald (Victoria, Australia) (2105): p. 3. 18 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246224804. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (18): p. 2. 21 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199347335. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
* ↑ "THE MINISTRY OF ACTION.". The Age (Victoria, Australia): p. 3. 21 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199360121. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT.". Camperdown Chronicle (Victoria, Australia) V, (455): p. 2. 31 January 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article29097007. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEW AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (28): p. 2. 1 February 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200132553. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS OF THE DAY.". The Age (Victoria, Australia) (7480): p. 5. 1 February 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199363417. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (30): p. 2. 4 February 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200132615. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
* ↑ "PRESENTATION TO MR W. P. BECHERVAISE.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (3644): p. 2. 25 February 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232166950. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
* ↑ "PRESENTATION TO MR W. P. BECHERVAISE.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (48): p. 3. 25 February 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200133136. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS OF THE DAY.". The Age (Victoria, Australia) (7508): p. 3. 6 March 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199359830. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
* ↑ "THE GOVERNOR'S LEVEE.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,214): p. 6. 13 March 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5935521. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (64): p. 3. 15 March 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200133562. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
* ↑ "No Title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (3665): p. 2. 21 March 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232167751. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
* ↑ "CITY AND TOWN GOSSIP.". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (3668): p. 4. 25 March 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232167906. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
* ↑ "No Title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (3670): p. 2. 27 March 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232167963. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
* ↑ "No Title". The Ballarat Courier (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (3682): p. 2. 10 April 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232168459. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS AND NOTES". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (86): p. 2. 10 April 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200134146. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
* ↑ "PRESENTATION TO MR THOMAS HARTE.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (88): p. 4. 14 April 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200134220. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
* ↑ "MISCELLANEOUS.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (90): p. 4. 16 April 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200134267. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS OF THE DAY.". The Age (Victoria, Australia) (7548): p. 2. 23 April 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199360581. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
* ↑ "THURSDAY, MAY 8, 1879.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,261): p. 5. 8 May 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5942372. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
* ↑ "SATURDAY, MAY 17, 1879.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,269): p. 7. 17 May 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5943540. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
* ↑ "THE LEVEE.". The Herald (Victoria, Australia) (2205): p. 3. 24 May 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article244746134. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
* ↑ "THURSDAY, JUNE 5, 1879.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,285): p. 5. 5 June 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5945794. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS OF THE DAT.". The Age (Victoria, Australia) (7618): p. 2. 14 July 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199364921. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
* ↑ "NEWS OF THE DAY.". The Age (Victoria, Australia) (7639): p. 2. 7 August 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199368676. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
* ↑ "The Argus.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,339): p. 5. 7 August 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5952468. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
* ↑ "The Argus.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,376): p. 5. 19 September 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5956138. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
* ↑ "THE CUP DAY.". The Argus (Melbourne) (Victoria, Australia) (10,416): p. 5. 5 November 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5962073. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
* ↑ "BALLARAT REGATTA.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (289): p. 4. 4 December 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199821445. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
* ↑ "SCHOOL OF MINES.". The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia) XXIV, (310): p. 3. 30 December 1879. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199822143. Retrieved 17 November 2020.