# Radiation Oncology/Corporate/Protons

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Proton Therapy

## Associations

* Particle Therapy Cooperative Group (PTCOG)
** "An organization for those interested in proton, light ion, and heavy charged particle radiotherapy"
* National Association for Proton Therapy (NAPT)
** U.S. based, independent, non-profit, public benefit corporation
** Promotes the clinical benefits of proton beam radiation therapy for cancer patients and their families

## Existing Proton Facilities

North America
* Canada
** TRIUMF - ocular diseases only
* United States
** Loma Linda
** Harvard University (Massachusetts General Hospital)
** Midwest Proton Radiotherapy Institute
** MD Anderson Cancer Center
** University of California San Francisco/University of California Davis - ocular diseases only
** University of Florida
** ProCure Oklahoma
** University of Pennsylvania
** Hampton University, VA
** CDH Proton Center ProCure, IL
Europe
* Belgium
** Louvain
* France
** Centre Antoine Lacassagne (Nice)
** Institut Curie (Orsay)
* Germany
** Hahn-Meitner Institut (HMI/Charite) - ocular diseases only
** Rinecker PTC
** Heidelberg HIT
* Italy
** Catana - ocular diseases only
** CNAO
* Russia
** Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP, Moscow)
** Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR, Dubna), YouTube link
** Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI)
* Sweden
** Uppsala Universitet
* Switzerland
** Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)
* United Kingdom
** Clatterbridge Center for Oncology - ocular diseases only
Asia
* China
** Wanjie Proton Therapy Center
* Japan
** National Cancer Center Hospital East
** Kobe Univeristy (Hyogo Medical Center)
** National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba
** Shizuoka Cancer Center
** University of Tsukuba
** Southern Tohoku Proton Therapy Cancer Center, Fukushima
** Wakasa Bay
* Korea
** Korea National Cancer Center
Africa
* South Africa
** IThemba LABS, South Africa
Chronologic List Overview
| Facility | Country | Start | Particle | Comments |
| Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory | USA | 1955 | Proton, Heavy Ion |
| Svedberg Laboratory | Sweden | 1957 | Proton | New facility Uppsala, 1988 |
| Harvard Cyclotron | USA | 1961 | Proton | New facility in 2001 |
| JINR | Russia | 1964 | Proton | New facility 1989 |
| ITEP | Russia | 1969 | Proton |
| PNPI | Russia | 1975 | Proton |
| Chiba | Japan | 1979 | Proton |
| Tsukuba | Japan | 1983 | Proton |
| PSI | Switzerland | 1984 | Proton |
| JINR | Russia | 1989 | Proton |
| Uppsala | Sweden | 1989 | Proton |
| Clatterbridge | UK | 1989 | Proton | ocular only |
| Loma Linda | USA | 1990 | Proton | first hospital-based |
| Nice | France | 1991 | Proton |
| Orsay | France | 1991 | Proton |
| LOuvain | Belgium | 1991 | Proton | low energy only |
| iTHEMBA | South Africa | 1993 | Proton |
| MPRI | USA | 1993 | Proton |
| UCSF / UC Davis | USA | 1994 | Proton | ocular only |
| Chiba | Japan | 1994 | Carbon | first ion |
| TRIUMF | Canada | 1995 | Proton | ocular only |
| GSI | Germany | 1997 | Carbon |
| HMI | Germany | 1998 | Proton | ocular only |
| NCC | Japan | 1998 | Proton |
| Hyogo | Japan | 2001 | Proton, Carbon |
| Harvard | USA | 2001 | Proton | |
| Catana | Italy | 2002 | Proton | ocular only |
| Shizuoka | Japan | 2002 | Proton |
| Wakasa | Japan | 2002 | Proton |
| Wanjie | China | 2004 | Proton |
| MD Anderson | USA | 2006 | Proton |
| University of Florida | USA | 2006 | Proton |
| Southern Tohoku PTC | Japan | 2008 | Proton |
| Rinecker PTC | Germany | 2009 | Proton |
| Oklahoma ProCure | USA | 2009 | Proton |
| Heidelberg HIT | Germany | 2009 | Proton/Carbon |
| University of Pennsylvania | USA | 2010 | Proton |
| Hampton University | USA | 2010 | Proton |
| CDH ProCure Chicago | USA | 2010 | Proton |
| CNAO | Italy | 2011 | Proton/(Carbon) |

## Proposed Proton Facilities

United States
* Northern Illinois University, IL
* ProCure
** ProCure: CentraState Health, NJ - IBA - target 2012
** ProCure: Beaumont Hospital, MI
** ProCure: Boca Raton, FL
** ProCure: Seattle Cancer Care Alliance: Seattle, WA
* American Shared Hospital Services
** American Shared Hospital Services: Tufts University, MA
** American Shared Hospital Services: MD Andersen Orlando, FL
** American Shared Hospital Services: Long Beach Memorial, CA
** American Shared Hospital Services: San Francisco Bay area, CA
** American Shared Hospital Services: Kettering Medical Center, Dayton, OH
* Lehigh Valley Hospital, PA
* South Florida Proton Center, FL
* Broward Medical Center, FL
* Washington University, MO
* First Coast Oncology, FL
* McLaren Health Care, MI - ProTom
* Dayton, OH - Optivus
* University of Iowa, IA
* Scripps Health, CA - Varian
* Wright State University, OH
* Knoxville, TN
* University of Maryland, MD
* Mayo Clinics, MN and AZ
* Emory University, GA
* Atlantic Health System, NJ - ProTom
* Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
* Willis-Knighton, Shreveport, LA (Summer 2014)
Europe
* MedAustron, Austria - proton and carbon ion
** Abstract 2007
* WPE Essen, Germany
* Prague, Czech Republic
* Rozumberok, Slovakia
* Krakow, Poland
* Caen, France - carbon ion
* Dimitrovgrad, Russia
Middle East
* Qatar
Asia
* National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
* Linkou Chang Gung Hospital, Taiwan
* Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Hospital

## Vendors

* Hitachi and Hitachi North America
** Proton facilities: Tsukuba, MD Anderson
* IBA
** Proton facilities: Massachusetts General Hospital, National Cancer Center Japan, National Cancer Center Korea, Wanjie Proton Therapy Center, Midwest Proton Radiotherapy Institute
* Optivus Proton Therapy
** Proton facilities: Loma Linda
* Varian Medical Systems (ACCEL subsidiary)
** Proton facilities: Paul Scherrer Institute
* Siemens AG
* Still River Systems
* ProTom International
* Compact Particle Acceleration Corporation & TomoTherapy

## Treatment Planning

* PerMedics Medical Systems - Odyssey
* Elekta via CMS software - XiO and Focal

## Patient Positioning

* Brindisi, Italy; 2010 PMID 20465816 -- "Patient positioning in the proton radiotherapy era." (Devicienti S, J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2010 May 13;29(1):47. [Epub ahead of print])
** Review of various robotic couch applications

## Overview by Institution

* Heidelberg, Germany; 2010 PMID 20831505 -- "Heidelberg Ion Therapy Center (HIT): Initial clinical experience in the first 80 patients." (Combs SE, Acta Oncol. 2010 Oct;49(7):1132-40.)
* CNAO Italy; 2009 PMID 19579862 -- "The National Center for Oncological Hadron Therapy: status of the project and future clinical use of the facility." (Orecchia R, Tumori. 2009 Mar-Apr;95(2):169-76.)
** Overview of plans for the facility
* Hyogo Japan; 2009 PMID 19920379 -- "[Current status and future of particle radiotherapy at the Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center]" [Article in Japanese] (Murakami M, Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2009 Nov;36(11):1791-4.)
** Overview. 2,639 patients treated with prostate, H&N, liver, lung and sarcomas (total 87%). Proton beam 2,122 (80%), carbon ion 517 (20%)
* European ENLIGHT network
** 2008 PMID 18208851 -- "COST-ENLIGHT strategic workshop on hadron (particle) therapy, CERN, Geneva, 3-4 May 2007." (Taylor RE, Br J Radiol. 2008 Mar;81(963):169-71. Epub 2008 Jan 21.)
*** Overview of meeting to review current status of hadron therapy in Europe
** 2007 PMID 17513898 -- "European developments in radiotherapy with beams of large radiobiological effectiveness." (Amaldi U, J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2007;48 Suppl A:A27-41.)
*** Overview of European experience, including development of facilities in Heidelberg (HIT) and Pavia (CNAO). Also review of Marburg, Wiener Neustadt, Lyon and Uppsala and the development of ENLIGHT network
* Paul Scherrer Institut; 2007 PMID 17878101 -- "[Proton beam therapy: clinical indications and summary of the Swiss experience] - [Article in French]" (Weber DC, Bull Cancer. 2007 Sep 1;94(9):807-15.)
* Harvard
** 2007 PMID 17668954 -- "Clinical proton radiation therapy research at the Francis H. Burr Proton Therapy Center." (DeLaney TF, Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2007 Aug;6(4 Suppl):61-6.)
*** Review of MGH current clinical research goals
** 1980 PMID 6245096 -- "Clinical experience with proton beam radiation therapy." (Suit HD, J Can Assoc Radiol. 1980 Mar;31(1):35-9.)
*** Cannot yet assess efficacy, but results warrant further investigation
* Loma Linda; 2007
** 2007 PMID 17668955 -- "Development and operation of the Loma Linda University Medical Center proton facility." (Slater JD, Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2007 Aug;6(4 Suppl):67-72.)
*** Overview of a hospital-based center development
** 2006 PMID 16551128 -- "Clinical applications of proton radiation treatment at Loma Linda University: review of a fifteen-year experience." (Slater JD, Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2006 Apr;5(2):81-9.)
*** Review of 15 year experience using protons

## Other Entities

* GSI, Germany
* ProBeam Oncology, USA
** Partnership between MD Anderson Cancer Center, Sanders Morris Harris, and The Styles Company to manage the Proton Therapy Center at MD Anderson
* Proton Brotherhood of the Balloon, USA
* ProCure Treatment Centers, USA
* TERA Foundation, Italy
* Proton Therapy Global Management
* SAH Global