OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Kneazle
## Overview

Kneazles are small creatures that look like large cats, but have spotted fur, large ears and a tail like a Lion. An independent, intelligent creature, capable of aggression which it shows occasionally, a kneazle will make a great pet, if it likes you! It can be relied upon to guide its owner home if they should get lost. A kneazle requires a license for legal ownership.

## Extended Description

Apparently Kneazles can interbreed with cats; the resulting cat/kneazle hybrid is relatively intelligent and larger than the ordinary cat. Crookshanks, Hermione's cat, is probably just such a cross-breed. We are led to believe that old Mrs. Figg is actually making a living by creating such hybrids. While we are told that it is necessary to have a license to own a Kneazle, nothing is said about licensing requirements, if any, for cat/Kneazle hybrids. If Crookshanks is one, we can safely assume that no license is required, because Hermione would be certain to get one.

## Analysis

It could be said that the author's introduction of the Kneazle and its ability to cross-breed with cats is perhaps less than honest with the reader, that we should know about the possibility of Crookshanks' being not just an ordinary cat. There is no mention of Kneazles in the principal seven books, and thus no mention of the possibility that Crookshanks may be a hybrid. However, it is certainly true that in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, Crookshanks acts far more intelligent than an ordinary cat, and introducing the hybrid idea, even if it is done after the fact, may be necessary to explain that intelligence.

## Questions

Study questions are meant to be left for each student to answer; please don't answer them here.
# Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Knight Bus
## Overview

The Knight Bus is a means of transportation for the stranded wizard; it will carry you from anywhere to anywhere (in England anyway) if you have the fare.

## Extended Description

The Knight Bus is summoned by raising your wand arm. It is fitted inside with four-poster beds, and you can get a toothbrush or a mug of hot chocolate if you choose; though it's probably best to skip the latter, as the ride is rough enough to cause you to spill your mug.
In Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, the Knight Bus appears in its daytime configuration. The four-poster beds are replaced by ordinary chairs, which like the beds are not anchored, so they slide around the inside of the bus with every swerve.
One side note: The Knight Bus in the movie of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban contains, as decoration, a number of shrunken heads which talk. The author is on record as saying that, while she didn't think that detail up, she rather wishes she had.

## Questions

Study questions are meant to be left for each student to answer; please don't answer them here.

## Notes

* ↑ Interview on the extended DVD set
# Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Inferius
## Overview

Inferi are corpses that seem alive.

## Extended Description

Inferi are actually animated by the will of a wizard. They are greatly feared because, being already dead, they cannot be killed, and are effectively fearless. Animation of Inferi is a very dark form of magic, and Voldemort made great use of them in his attempts to take over Wizarding society before Harry was born.
It appears that Voldemort has used Inferi to protect one of his Horcruxes; we see them in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. At this point, we learn also that they can be stopped by fire.
We learn in that book, also, that Mundungus Fletcher has been imprisoned in Azkaban for impersonating an Inferius. It is in relation to Mundungus that Inferi are described; they are mentioned beforehand, but it is only when a student brings up the story of Mundungus' imprisonment that the Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher, Professor Snape, actually describes what they are.

## Analysis

In the cave of the Horcrux, there are a large number of Inferi lying in wait under the surface of the water. We have reason to believe that those Inferi have been there for at least fifteen years, most likely much longer, as Kreacher tells us that they were there when Voldemort was initially hiding that Horcrux, before Harry was born. Thus, we must assume that either some part of the spell used to create Inferi, or some additional spell that is not discussed, must halt the natural processes that would result in the dead body decomposing.

## Questions

Study questions are meant to be left for each student to answer; please don't answer them here.

## Greater Picture

In Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, we meet the animated corpse of Bathilda Bagshot. While her body does contain Voldemort's pet snake Nagini, it is uncertain whether Nagini is controlling Bathilda, or whether what remains of her has been made into an Inferius. It is true that her remains have not deteriorated significantly in the several months since her passing, so some of the magic that preserves the Inferius must have been used on her.
# Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Kappa
## Questions

Study questions are meant to be left for each student to answer; please don't answer them here.
# Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Incendio
## Overview

Incendio causes the victim or object to burst into flame.

## Questions

Study questions are meant to be left for each student to answer; please don't answer them here.
# Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Jarvey
## Overview

A Jarvey is a magical beast that looks like an overgrown ferret and can speak English, though this is apparently self-taught and consists mainly of swear words.

## Questions

Study questions are meant to be left for each student to answer; please don't answer them here.
# Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Jobberknoll
## Overview

The Jobberknoll is a tiny, largely mute, blue-speckled bird that eats insects.

## Extended Description

According to "Newt Scamander", the Jobberknoll makes no sound until its death, at which time it releases a long scream composed of every sound it has ever heard, in reverse (and presumably sped up).

## Analysis

"Scamander" also says that the feathers of the Jobberknoll are used in truth serums and memory potions. Presumably this is because of the Jobberknoll's ability to recall and replicate sound heard during its lifetime.
There is no mention of this creature in the seven main books of the series, and apart from its possible use as a potion ingredient, it does not play a role in the series at all.

## Questions

Study questions are meant to be left for each student to answer; please don't answer them here.
# Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Knarl
## Overview

The Knarl is largely indistinguishable from a hedgehog.

## Extended Description

The Knarl is mentioned three times in the series. The first time, in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, is when Professor Grubbly-Plank is being inspected by Professor Umbridge. Responding to a query about her course plans, Professor Grubbly-Plank says that she still has to teach the class how to detect Crups and Knarls.
Later that same year, Hagrid, then teacher of Care of Magical Creatures, expresses his dissatisfaction with the Ministry-approved curriculum by saying he can't understand why anyone would prefer learning about Knarls instead of Chimaeras.
The final instance, in the same book, is when Harry, in his Care of Magical Creatures OWL, must distinguish Knarls from Hedgehogs; we are told that he did this by offering them milk.
In Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, "Newt Scamander" tells us that the only difference between Knarls and Hedgehogs is that, offered food, a Knarl will believe that it is a trap and will react angrily.

## Questions

Study questions are meant to be left for each student to answer; please don't answer them here.
# Karrigell

Karrigell is an open Source Python web framework written in Python
The Python 2 version is the stable release. A version for Python 3.2 and above was released in February 2011

## How-tos

Explains "how to" build web applications. This section only applies to the Python3 version
* Pronounce "Karrigell"
* Install
* Write the "Hello world" script
* Build a simple HTML page
* Write an interactive application in a single script
* Use the POST method
* Upload files
* Redirect to a URL
* Insert dynamic values in a template
* Insert an image, a stylesheet, a Javascript in a document
* Manage encodings
* Set, read and erase cookies
* Import a module

## Tutorial

This tutorial explains how to build a simple web based application : the example is a CD collection. The home page will show the list of records, with a counter of visits and a "login" link. People who successfully log in will be able to add / edit / remove records
The first step is to install Karrigell. Download the latest version, unzip it in a folder, open a console window and in this folder run python Karrigell.py. This will start the built-in web server on port 80
* Home page
* Managing The Database

## Snippets

* Counter
* Test Mysql
* Set Content-type header

## External links

* Group
* Karrigell for Python A review on devshed
# Karrigell/Build a simple HTML page

There are 3 ways you can build HTML in a script
* Raw HTML The first one is to return a string with HTML tags, like this : def index: return "&lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;Hello world&lt;/body&gt;&lt;html&gt;"
* Templates For a document that holds mainly static HTML, with only a few dynamic values, you can use templates. For instance, create a file called page.tmpl with: <html> <body> Hello world </body> </html> and save it in the same folder as index.py. Then modify index.py like this: def index: return Template("page.tmpl") The built-in function Template is available in all the scripts managed by Karrigell. It reads the content from the file located at the relative url page.tmpl and returns it. More on the templating system later.
* The HTMLTags module The third way, recommended when the page is mostly made of dynamic content, is to use the HTMLTags module, included in the package : def index: return HTML(BODY("Hello world")) The HTMLTags module defines classes for all valid HTML tags, in uppercase letters : the classes for tags <html> and <body> are HTML and BODY (surprise !). These classes are available in the scripts managed by Karrigell The function index returns an instance of the class HTML, called with an instance of the class BODY ; the server returns its string representation, which is the HTML code <html><body>Hello world</body><html>
# Kapampangan/Numbers To Twenty
## Part A: Description

Kampampangan numbers 1-20

## Part B: Application

| métung | one (when designating one thing: I have one car) |
| adwá | two |
| atlú | three |
| ápat | four |
| limá | five |
| ánam | six |
| píto | seven |
| walú | eight |
| siyám | nine |
| apúlu | ten |
| labíng métung | eleven |
| labíng adwá | twelve |
| labíng atlú | thirteen |
| labíng ápat | fourteen |
| labíng limá | fifteen |
| labíng ánam | sixteen |
| labíng píto | seventeen |
| labíng walú | eighteen |
| labíng siyám | nineteen |
| adwáng púlu or bénti (Span.) | twenty |

## Part C: Exercises

Ganito. Magbilang tayo mula metung hanggang apulu

## Part D: Summary

You now know how to count up to twenty. Also you have learned the following new words and phrases:
| Kap. word 1 | Eng. trans 1 |
| word 2 | trans 2 |
# Kapampangan/Solutions to all exercises

In this section we will give the solution to the exercises in green.

## Pronouncing Kapampangan

| Kapampangan word | Translation | Hear it | English-like pronunciation | IPA pronunciation | Comment |
| ngéni | now | Listen (help·info) | ngEh-nee | ['ŋɛni] | Starts the same as the middle sound in English singing |
| yélu | ice | Listen (help·info) | yEh-loo | ['jɛ:lʊ] | The stressed and long vowel is the e, therefore the oo at the end should be short |
| syam | nine | Listen (help·info) | sh-am | [ʃam] | Same as English shampoo without the poo bit |
| reni | these | Listen (help·info) | rrEh-nee | ['rɛ:ni] | e is same as English bed. Remember to roll the r. |
| dyéli | jelly | Listen (help·info) | djeh-lee | ['dʒɛ:li] | Same as English jelly |
| tsinélas | slippers | Listen (help·info) | tsee-nEh-lah-ss or tchee-nEh-lah-ss | [tsinɛ:las] or [tʃinɛ:las] | Starts the same as English tsar, or chat |

## Greeting

Translate into Kapampangan:
| Good afternoon | Mayáp a gatpanápun |
| Hello madam, how are you? (to an elderly woman) | Kumustá pu? |
Translate into English:
| Mayáp a béngi pu | Good night, sir |
| Mayáp a yábak | Good morning |

## Introducing Yourself

Write the following conversation in Kapampangan and then read it aloud:
* Try to indroduce yourself to a person of you age that you meet in a party.
Mayáp a yábak. Áku y <your name>.
* Express how nice it is to meet them.
Masayá kung akilála ka.
* Ask them what is their name.
Nánung lagyú' mu?

## Introducing Yourself, Part Two

Write the following conversation in Kapampangan and then read it aloud:
* You meet what seems to be an elderly relative of your friend in that same party, but you are not certain: ask them their name.
Mayáp a yábak pu. Nánu pu ing lagyú' yu?
* They are indeed: indroduce yourself to them, and express how nice it is to meet them.
Áku pu y <your name>. Masayá ku pu ing akilála kayú.
* Finally, introduce a friend called Lisa to them.
Íni pu y Lisa.
# Karrigell/Counter

A program to count the number of visits to a page:
The session ensures that the visit in counted only once for each visitor, even if he reloads the page 100 times.
You can of course include this script in another one (Include('counter.py')). You could even pass a filename to the Include function, if you need to manage a different counter for each page.
# Kapampangan/Numbers To One Hundred
## Part A: Description

In this section, we will learn how to count to one hundred. As you will see, a mixture of numbers from old Kapampangan and words originating from Spanish are used. This is because, for a very long time in Pampanga, anything that involved complex transactions was handled in Spanish, rather than in Kapampangan.

## Part B: Application

| métung | one |
| aduang pulu | twenty |
| atlung pulu | thirty |
| apat a pulu | forty |
| limang pulu | fifty |
| anam a pulu | sixty |
| 'pitung pulu | seventy |
| walung pulu | eighty |
| siyam a pulu | ninety |
| dinalan | one hundred |

## Part D: Summary

You now know how to count up to one hundred. Also you have learned the following new words and phrases:
| Kap. word 1 | Eng. trans 1 |
| word 2 | trans 2 |
# Kapampangan/References

This book has been possible only thanks to the few references that are available on the Web.
Those notable are:
* Wikipedia:Kapampangan language
* Wikipedia:Kapampangan people
* Wikipedia:Languages of the Philippines
* Ethnologue: Languages of the Philippines
* The Kapampangan Wikipedia
* The Kapampangan Wiki Dictionary
Word lists from Native speakers also helped us:
* Maxpages: learn Kapampangan in 10 (12?) lessons
* Words of Spanish origin
* Words of Malayo-Polynesian origin
We also referred to a few print books:
# Klingon/Why learn Klingon

So you've found the Klingon Wikibook and now you wonder, why learn Klingon? Isn't it the language of self-absorbed reality-impaired nerds that believe in Star Trek and think Vulcans will soon land in their back yard? Is the language even practically useful? You may find it hard to believe, but Klingon can actually supply a valuable skill and a worthwhile endeavor for many people.
We can give many reasons to learn Klingon; the language represents a personal endeavor and as such does not hold the same value for every person. Some possible reasons you may find yourself interested in Klingon include:
Whatever your reasons, learning Klingon can present an interesting and enriching experience. There are other artificial languages you may find interesting: Lojban, Esperanto, Sindarin (elf, J.R.R. Tolkien), and Drow-Elf (D&D), to list a few.
# Knot Theory

Written by volunteers and editors at Wikibooks, A Wikimedia Foundation Project
Knot Theory is the study of, as you may have guessed, knots. What are mathematical knots? Mathematical knots are just like the knots you know, but they cannot be untied. So they are a closed curve in 3D space that does not intersect itself.
The main topic of conversation in Knot Theory is how we can tell two knots apart. This is done by knot invariants. With knot invariants we can tell whether two knots are different. The only way to tell whether two knots are topologically the same, is with the Reidemeister moves.
In this book we will study the basics of Knot Theory and see some Braid Theory amongst other topics.

## Table of Contents

    Introduction
* Knots

## References

* Queen, M., On the Jones Polynomial: A Monica Queen Thesis, arXiv:2108.13835, 2021.
# Knot Theory/Printable version

The current, editable version of this book is available in Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection, at
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Knot_Theory

# Knots
### Preliminary definitions

Let us begin by defining a knot.
A knot is a smooth embedding of a circle into ambient space $\mathbb {R} ^{3}$. The most basic knot is the unknot, which is essentially just a circle $\bigcirc$ (we will define this properly shortly).
A link of $n\in \mathbb {N}$ components is a smooth embedding of $n$ disjoint circles into three-dimensional space. So obviously any knot can be seen as a link with one component. Analogously to the unknot, the most basic link is the unlink, which is essentially $n$ disjoint circles. We usually denote an $n$-unlink as $\bigcirc ^{n}$. So, a $1$-unlink is an unknot.
Before this chapter, we mentioned that knot theory is the study of distinguishing knots and links. So we now need to define a notion of equivalence on links to be able to distinguish links.
Two links are equivalent if they are ambient isotopic. Here, ambient isotopy means that there exists a homotopy such that it is a smooth family of diffeomorphisms. Two links are said to have the same link type if they are equivalent; so link type is the equivalence class for links. Similarly, knot type is the equivalence class for knots. We included smoothness here, because homotopy is too weak for embeddings in ambient space since we can define any continuous map from one link to the unlink.
It is easy to see that link equivalence is in fact an equivalence relation.
Now we can define the $n$-unlink as a link that is equivalent to $n$ disjointed circles.
We can now define a projection map from $\mathbb {R} ^{3}$ to $\mathbb {R} ^{2}$ such that no three edges pass through a point and no two edges are tangent to one another. We then indicate over and under crossings by putting breaks in the edge. We call this projected link a link diagram.
Theorem (Reidemeister's theorem). Every link has a link diagram. Also, two links are equivalent if and only if their link diagrams are related by a finite sequence of Reidemeister moves. Reidemeister moves consist of three very standard moves: RI - a twist, RII - moving one strand over the other, RIII - moving a strand over or under a crossing.

### References

* Queen, M., On the Jones Polynomial: A Monica Queen Thesis, arXiv:2108.13835, 2021.
# Klingon/Sound clips

These sound clips appear throughout the tlhIngon Hol Wikibook as aids to the reader.

## Vocabulary

These vocabulary words also appear in the English dictionary of Klingon words, with definition and sound clip.
* nuqneH
* Qu'vatlh
# Klingon/Time

Telling time in Klingon.

# Present

* jaj­lo’ - dawn
* po - morning
* pem - daytime
* pem­jep - midday
* pov - afternoon
* choS - twilight
* ram - night
* ram­jep - midnight
* DIS - year
* jar - month
* Hogh - week
* jaj - day (from dawn to dawn)
* rep - hour
* tup - minute (of time)
* lup - second (of time)

# Past

* ben - years ago
* wen - months ago
* Hu’ - days ago
* ret - time period ago
* qen - recently, a short time ago
The words ben years ago, wen months ago, and Hu’ days ago can be immediately preceded by any number to form a time expression, while ret time period ago must be preceded by a number and the name of a time period. Here are some examples:
* wejvatlh ben - three hundred years ago, three centuries ago
* wa’maH wen - ten months ago
* wa’­Hu’ - yesterday, one day ago
* vagh tup ret - five minutes ago

# Future

* nem - years from now
* waQ - months from now
* leS - days from now
# Knots/Bend knots

A bend knot is a knot used to join two lengths of rope.
Although the Reef knot can be used in this way, it is insecure when used as a bend and so is not classed as one.

## Bend knots

* Knots/Bend knots/Carrick bend
* Knots/Bend knots/Double sheet bend
* Knots/Bend knots/Fisherman's bend
* Knots/Bend knots/Hunter's bend
* Knots/Bend knots/Sheet bend
* Knots/Bend knots/Surgeon's knot
* Knots/Bend knots/Water knot
* Knots/Bend knots/Zeppelin bend
# Knots/Bend knots/Carrick bend

* Carrick bend
* A fully interwoven diagonally opposed Carrick bend
* Use: The Carrick bend is used for joining two lines. It is particularly appropriate for very heavy rope or cable that is too large and stiff to easily be formed into other common bends. It will not jam even after carrying a significant load or being soaked with water. The Carrick bend's aesthetically pleasing interwoven and symmetrical shape has also made it popular for decorative purposes.
* In the interest of making the Carrick bend easier to untie, especially when tied in extremely large rope, the ends may be seized to prevent the knot from collapsing when load is applied. This practice also keeps the knot's profile flatter and can ease its passage over capstans or winches.
* The ends are traditionally seized to their standing part using a Round seizing. For expediency, a series of double constrictor knots, drawn very tight, may also be used. When seizing the Carrick bend, both ends must be secured to their standing parts or the bend will slip.
* WARNING: The Carrick bend is generally tied in a flat interwoven form shown above. Without additional measures it will capsize (collapse) under load into a secure and stable, although bulky, form. If the knot is allowed to capsize naturally under tension, considerable slippage of line through the knot can occur before tightening. The knot should be upset carefully into the capsized form and worked up tight before actual use.