# French/Lessons/Weather

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## Grammar review · At · À

The preposition à /a/ means at or in:
    Nous sommes à la maison.$^{Weareathome.}$
    Il est à l'hôtel.$^{Heisatthehotel.}$
The contraction au /o/ is used in place of à le (singular):
    Je suis au bar.$^{Iamat(in)thebar.}$
Likewise, the contraction aux /o/ is used in place of à les (plural).

## Dialogue · Is it going to rain?

Mireille: Il fait beau temps !$^{Itisfineweather!}$
Monique: Il va pleuvoir aujourd'hui ?$^{Isitgoingtoraintoday?}$
    Monique could also use the question form instead of the intonation given above:
   * Est-ce qu'il va pleuvoir aujourd'hui ? (Pronounced eh-skeel)
    or
   * Va-t-il pleuvoir aujourd'hui ?
Mireille: Non, il ne va pas pleuvoir, il fera soleil.$^{No,notraining,itwillbesunny.}$
Monique: Très bien ! Allons au parc !$^{Verywell!let'sgotothepark.}$
Marcelle: Apporte un parapluie, au cas où il pleuvrait.$^{Bringanumbrellaincaseitrains.}$
Similar to English, pleuvoir is an impersonal verb: it has only a third-person singular conjugation:
* il pleut (present)
* il va pleuvoir or il pleuvra (future)
* il pleuvrait (conditional).

## Grammar · Negation · Négation

In order to say that one did not do something, the ne … pas construction must be used. The ne is placed before the verb, while the pas is placed after.

### Formation and rules

Simple negation is done by wrapping ne … pas around the verb:
    Je ne porte pas mon manteau.$^{Iamnotwearingmycoat.}$
In a past tense, ne … pas surrounds the auxiliary verb, not the participle:
    Je n'ai pas porté mon manteau.$^{Ididnotwearmycoat.}$
When an infinitive and conjugated verb are together, ne … pas usually surrounds the conjugated verb:
    Je ne veux pas porter mes gants.$^{Idonotwanttowearmygloves.}$
Ne pas can also precede the infinitive for a different meaning:
    Je veux ne pas porter mes gants.$^{Iwantnottowearmygloves.}$
Ne precedes any pronoun relating to the verb it affects:
    Je ne les porte pas.$^{Iamnotwearingthem.}$
In spoken French, the ne can be omitted, leaving simply pas after the verb in context:
    Je sais pas qui vous êtes.$^{Idonotknowwhoyouare.}$

#### Examples
### Negation of indefinite articles

The indefinite articles un, une, and des change to de (or d’) when negating a sentence.

#### Examples
## Vocabulary · Common weather

Note that le temps means both the weather and the time.

## Grammar · To go · Aller

The verb aller is translated to to go. It is irregularly conjugated (it does not count as a regular -er verb).

### Formation

| aller /a.le/ (ah-lay) | to read |
| je vais /vɛ/ (vay) | I go |
| tu vas /va/ (vah) | you go |
| il va /va/ (vah) | he goes |
| nous allons /a.lɔ̃/ (ah-loh$^{(n)}$) | we go |
| vous allez /a.le/ (ah-lay) | you go |
| ils vont /vɔ̃/ (voh$^{(n)}$) | they go |
| allé /a.le/ | gone |

### Usage

There is no present progressive tense in French, so aller in the present indicative is used to express both I go and I am going:
    Où est-ce que tu vas?$^{Whereareyougoing?}$
Aller must be used with a place and cannot stand alone.
In addition to meaning at or in, the preposition à /a/ means to when used with aller :
    Je vais à Paris.$^{IamgoingtoParis.}$
    Je vais au bureau.$^{Iamgoingtotheoffice.}$
    Tu vas à l'école ?$^{You'regoingtoschool?}$

### Near future · Futur proche

An infinitive preceded by aller is used to say that something is going to happen in the near future:
    Il va pleuvoir demain.$^{It'sgoingtoraintomorrow.}$
    Il va faire froid.$^{It'sgoingtobecold.}$
    Je vais aller au magasin.$^{Iwillgotothestore.}$
Recall that the negative goes around the conjugated verb.
    Il ne va pas pleuvoir demain.$^{It'snotgoingtoraintomorrow.}$

### Supplementary grammar · There · y

In place of a preposition and place, the pronoun y /i/, meaning there, can be used; y comes before the verb:
    J'y vais.$^{I'mgoingthere.}$
    Nous allons au Mexique. Nous y allons.$^{WearegoingtoMexico.Wearegoingthere.}$
Remember that aller must be used with a place (there or a name) when indicating that you are going somewhere, even if a place wouldn't normally be given in English.
The negative form of aller with the y pronoun has both the verb and pronoun enclosed between ne and pas:
    Il n'y va pas.$^{He'snotgoingthere.}$

### Supplementary vocabulary · Expressions
## Exercises

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