OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Section B Introduction

This section will ask you questions that you will have to find programming solutions to. The past exam papers have always provided a strict program specification in the form of variable names and pseudocode. It is very likely that a problem will be set around the theme of cryptography but different to the skeleton code in some way. You should be able to interpret pseudocode, structured english, structure charts, stepwise refinement tables and decision tables. Any of these techniques could be used to communicate an algorithm to be coded.

## Practice questions

Obviously all the past papers from AQA have good section B questions that you should attempt. Here are some around this year's theme...

### Numeric Caesar Cipher

(a) Write a program that encrypts a number sequence using the same principle as the Caesar Cipher. (b) Test your program using a key= 6 and the number sequence 0123456789
Answer:

### Character Frequency

Using the average frequency that characters appear is one way to "crack" many simple ciphers. You can learn more about this here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_frequency.
Write a program that counts the number of times each character appears in some inputted text. It should output a list of characters with the number of times each appears.
(pseudo-code to follow)
Answer:
Another question....
Answer:
# Section B Introduction

This section will ask you questions that you will have to find programming solutions to. There will be more than one way of answering each question, so the answers below are only indicative of what we are looking for.
As long as you get the same answers it doesn't matter how you do it. You may be given pseudocode to help you program the problem.

## Batting Averages

Write a program to enter batting scores until the number 0 is input. And then output the total and average score.

## Password Cracking

Write code to keep asking for login, only accepting: username= PSN Password = easy. Otherwise it should say. “Not hacked yet”:

## Christmas Trees

Write code to print out a Christmas tree of a user defined size: even rows = *, odd = #. For example for the number 4 it should output:
# A-level Computing/AQA/Problem Solving, Programming, Data Representation and Practical Exercise/Skeleton code/2012 Exam

The exam questions are very hard to predict and this site is by no means going to give you everything you need for the questions you'll sit. The most important thing you should do is learn how to program, and learn how to program well!
The exam is split into 4 sections that must be completed on a computer:

## Section A

<30 minutes> Theory Questions based on the material you have covered for unit 1. For an overview of what this might include see the specification and this wikibook
* Section A

## Section B

<20 minutes> Programming solutions to short problems, not based on the preliminary material or skeleton code
* Section B

## Section C

<20 minutes> Theory questions about the preliminary material and skeleton code
* Section C

## Section D

<50 minutes> Program solutions based around the preliminary code. The guidance below doesn't pretend to offer the actual questions that will be set in the exam, but by doing them you should hopefully get a better grasp of the code and be able to answer any questions thrown at you during the exam.
* Section D
# A-level Computing/AQA/Problem Solving, Programming, Data Representation and Practical Exercise/Skeleton code/2011 Exam/Section C
## Potential questions
### Validation

* List the Erroneous, Extreme and Typical Data for a user selecting a menu item:
* List the Erroneous, Extreme and Typical Data for a manual bowling die:
* List the Erroneous, Extreme and Typical Data for a manual appeal die:

### Variables

* Give the name of the identifier of a Constant
* Give the name of the identifier of a global variable
* Give the identifier of a local variable
* Note the identifier of an array:
* Give the identifier of a user defined data type:
* Give an example of an assignment statement:
* Give an example of a variable declaration:
* Why might we not want to store an average score as an integer?

### Loops

* Give the name of a stepper variable used in a loop?
* Give the name of a fixed variable used in a loop?
* Give the name of a follower used in a loop?
* Give the name of a most recent holder used in a loop?

### Sub Routines

* Write down a function declaration used in the program
* Write down a function call used in the program
* Write down a procedure declaration used in the program
* Give the name of a parameter used in a procedure
* Explain the difference between using byRef and byVal
* Why is Byref used in the ResetTopScores sub routine?
* Write down where a return value for a function is assigned:

### Trace Tables

* Construct a trace table for the ResetTopScores procedure when passed the following data:
| Maxsize | Count | TopScores | TopScores | TopScores | TopScores | TopScores | TopScores | TopScores | TopScores |
| Maxsize | Count | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 |
| Maxsize | Count | name | score | name | score | name | score | name | score |
| 4 | | Peter | 23 | Michael | 65 | Aubrey | 24 | Marea | 89 |
# A-level Computing/AQA/Problem Solving, Programming, Data Representation and Practical Exercise/Skeleton code/2011 Exam/String manipulation

Visual Basic allows you to do many things with strings. This is particularly important if you are wantint to extract data from text, search text, or generally manipulate text. Some of the functions you might be interested in are:
* ToUpper 'converts the entire string into Upper case
* ToLower 'converts the entire string into Lower case
* Split 'splits a string into different parts, see below
For the exam you are dealing with a CSV file. This has comma separated values, so we might have to find the data that is hiding in the commas. Take a look at the example below.
Output:
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Eumaeus/614
## Annotations

Gloria (Latin) Glory. See 079.11.
Rossini's Stabat Mater See 079.04.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Eumaeus/615
## Annotations

anno ludendo hausi, Doulandus (Errata) Gabler emends this to: annos ludendo hausi, Doulandus.
annos ludendo hausi, Doulandus (Latin) I used up my years in playing — Dowland. The words are taken from an emblem presented to Dowland by his friend Henry Peacham (1578-1644). Peachum describes the gift thus in The Compleat Gentleman:
The astute reader will have noticed that annos ludendo hausi is an anagram of Iohannes Doulandus. By omitting Iohannes, Stephen has lost the anagram. According to Thomas Fuller, the anagram was composed by Ralph Sadler, Esq, of Standon, Hertfordshire, who was with Dowland in Copenhagen.
dux and comes (Latin) leader and follower. In music these terms are used to describe the subject and answer in a fugal or canonic composition. The Fitzwilliam Virginal Book includes several such pieces (mostly fantasias) by Giles Farnaby and one or two by his son Richard.

## References

* ↑ Gabler, Hans Walter (1984). Ulysses: The Corrected Text. New York: Garland. p. 540.
* ↑ Gifford (1988) 560-561. Thornton (1968) 458.
* ↑ Henry Peachum, The Compleat Gentleman (1634) 233.
* ↑ Thomas Fuller, The History of the Worthies of England (1662), Volume 2, page 113, footnote.
* ↑ Gifford (1988) 561. Thornton (1968) 458.
* ↑ Fitzwilliam Virginal Book, Volume 2, Nos. 129, 208, 229, 231, 232, 233, 237, 238, 240, 246, 248, 296.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Eumaeus/612
## Annotations

passim (Latin) here and there. In English, passim is often used in conjunction with the name of a book or writer to indicate that a word, a phrase or an idea is to be found at many places in the writer's work — too many for them to be individually enumerated.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Eumaeus/616
## Annotations

in medias res (Latin) into the middle of the story. In his Ars Poetica, the Roman poet Horace thus describes the ideal epic poet:
Ars Poetica :
| Nec gemino bellum Troianum orditur ab ovo: Semper ad eventum festinat et in medias res, Non secus ac notas, auditorem rapit .... | Nor does he begin the Trojan war from the double egg: Always he hurries on to the outcome; and into the middle of things, Just as if they were well known, he carries off the listener .... |
The Homeric epics the Iliad and the Odyssey and Virgil's Aeneid all begin in medias res.

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988) 561. Thornton (1968) 459.
* ↑ Horace, Ars Poetica 147-149.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Eumaeus/617
## Annotations

genus omne (Latin) all that kind. The usual form of this phrase is: et hoc genus omne (and all this sort of thing). The narrator (Bloom?) is using the Latin phrase as a simple substantive, as though it were a synonym for ilk. This unusual practice is typical of his affected style in this episode.

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988) 562.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Eumaeus/610
## Annotations

conditio sine qua non an indispensable condition. A common alternative to sine qua non. See 590.15.

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988) 558.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Copyright Act/Article 80-1

| ←Article 79 | Copyright Act Republic of China (Taiwan) Law Article 80-1 | Article 80-2→ |

## Newly adopted and promulgated on 2003-07-09
### Article 80-1

    Electronic rights management information made by a copyright owner shall not be removed or altered; provided, this shall not apply in any of the following circumstances:
    1.Where removal or alteration of electronic rights management information of the work is unavoidable in the lawful exploitation of the work given technological limitations at the time of the act.
    2.Where the removal or alteration is technically necessary to conversion of a recording or transmission system.
    Whoever knows that electronic rights management information of a work has been unlawfully removed or altered shall not distribute or, with intent to distribute, import or possess the original or any copy of such work. He/She also shall not publicly broadcast, publicly perform, nor publicly transmit [the same].

## Annotated by Wikibooks

* ↑ "Copyright Act". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2003-07-09. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Copyright Act/Article 82

| ←Article 81 | Copyright Act Republic of China (Taiwan) Law Article 82 | Article 82-1→ |

## Promulgated amendment on 2003-07-09
### Article 82

    The specialized agency in charge of copyright matters shall establish a Copyright Examination and Mediation Committee to handle the following matters:
    1.　　　Examination of rates of compensation for use under the provisions of paragraph 4 of Article 47.
    2.　　　Mediation of disputes between copyright intermediary organizations and users concerning compensation for use.
    3.　　　Mediation of disputes concerning copyright or plate rights.
    4.　　　Other consultation in connection with copyright examination and mediation.
    Where mediation referred to in subparagraph 2 of the preceding paragraph fails, the dispute shall be arbitrated in accordance with act.
    Dispute mediation referred to in subparagraph 3 of paragraph 1, when involving criminal matters, shall be limited to cases actionable only upon complaint.

## Promulgated amendment on 2004-09-01
### Article 82

    The specialized agency in charge of copyright matters shall establish a Copyright Examination and Mediation Committee to handle the following matters:
    1. Examination of rates of compensation for use under the provisions of paragraph 4 of Article 47.
    2. Mediation of disputes between copyright intermediary organizations and users concerning compensation for use.
    3. Mediation of disputes concerning copyright or plate rights.
    4. Other consultation in connection with copyright examination and mediation.
    Dispute mediation referred to in subparagraph 3 of the preceding paragraph, when involving criminal matters, shall be limited to cases actionable only upon complaint.

## Promulgated amendment on 2010-02-10
### Article 82

    The specialized agency in charge of copyright matters shall establish a Copyright Review and Mediation Committee to handle the following matters:
    1.Examination of rates of compensation for use under the provisions of paragraph 4 of Article 47.
    2.Mediation of disputes between copyright collective management organizations and users concerning compensation for use.
    3.Mediation of disputes concerning copyright or plate rights.
    4.Other consultation in connection with copyright examination and mediation.
    Dispute mediation referred to in subparagraph 3 of the preceding paragraph, when involving criminal matters, shall be limited to cases actionable only upon complaint.

## Wikibooks annotation

* ↑ "Copyright Act". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2003-07-09. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
* ↑ Derived from 2003 and 2010 texts.
* ↑ "Copyright Act: Article 82". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2014-01-22. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Copyright Act/Article 82-2

| ←Article 82-1 | Copyright Act Republic of China (Taiwan) Law Article 82-2 | Article 82-3→ |

## Newly adopted and promulgated on 2003-07-09
### Article 82-2

    After a mediation settlement has been ratified by a court, the parties shall not initiate any further public or private prosecution or action with respect to the mediated matter.
    A civil mediation settlement ratified by a court as referred to in the preceding paragraph shall have the same force as a final and unappealable court judgment in a civil case. With respect to a criminal mediation settlement that has been ratified by a court, where the subject matter is payment of a certain amount of money, or other substitute therefore, or securities, the written mediation settlement statement shall constitute a writ of execution.

## Annotated by Wikibooks

* ↑ "Copyright Act". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2003-07-09. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Copyright Act/Article 82-3

| ←Article 82-2 | Copyright Act Republic of China (Taiwan) Law Article 82-3 | Article 82-4→ |

## Newly adopted and promulgated on 2003-07-09
### Article 82-3

    Where a civil mediation settlement has been concluded, and then ratified by a court while the civil action is under litigation, and where no final and unappealable court judgment has yet been obtained, the civil action shall be deemed withdrawn as of the date of the conclusion of the mediation settlement.
    Where a criminal mediation settlement has been concluded, and then ratified by a court while the criminal case is in the investigation stage or before the conclusion of arguments in the trial of first instance, and where the parties have agreed to withdraw the case, the complaint or private prosecution shall be deemed withdrawn as of the date of the conclusion of the mediation settlement.

## Annotated by Wikibooks

* ↑ "Copyright Act". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2003-07-09. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Copyright Act/Article 82-4

| ←Article 82-3 | Copyright Act Republic of China (Taiwan) Law Article 82-4 | Article 87→ |

## Newly adopted and promulgated on 2003-07-09
### Article 82-4

    Should there exist any ground for invalidation or voidance of a civil mediation settlement after ratification by a court, the parties may file an action with the original ratifying court to invalidate or void the mediation settlement.
    The action referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be initiated by the parties within 30 days of service of the written mediation settlement statement ratified by the court.

## Annotated by Wikibooks

* ↑ "Copyright Act". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2003-07-09. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Copyright Act/Article 81

| ←Article 80-2 | Copyright Act Republic of China (Taiwan) Law Article 81 | Article 82→ |

## Promulgated amendment on 2001-11-12
### Article 81

    Economic rights holders may, with the approval of the specialized agency in charge of copyright matters, establish copyright intermediary organizations for the purpose of exercising rights or for collecting and distributing compensation for use.
    Exclusive licensees may also join copyright intermediary organizations.
    The approval for establishment and the organization and capacities of the organizations referred to in paragraph 1, as well as the supervision and guidance thereof, shall be otherwise provided for by act.

## Promulgated amendment on 2010-02-10
### Article 81

    Economic rights holders may, with the approval of the specialized agency in charge of copyright matters, establish copyright collective management organizations for the purpose of exercising rights or for collecting and distributing compensation for use.
    Exclusive licensees may also join copyright collective management organizations.
    The approval for establishment and the organization and capacities of the organizations referred to in paragraph 1, as well as the supervision and guidance thereof, shall be otherwise provided for by act.

## Wikibooks annotation

* ↑ "Copyright Act". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2003-07-09. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
* ↑ "Copyright Act: Article 81". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2014-01-22. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Copyright Act/Article 82-1

| ←Article 82 | Copyright Act Republic of China (Taiwan) Law Article 82-1 | Article 82-2→ |

## Newly adopted and promulgated on 2003-07-09
### Article 82-1

    Within seven days of the date of the conclusion of a mediation settlement, the specialized agency in charge of copyright matters shall submit the written mediation settlement statement for review by the court of jurisdiction.
    The court shall review the written mediation settlement statement referred to in the preceding paragraph with due dispatch. Unless it is contrary to act or regulation, public order, or good morals, or compulsory execution would be impossible, the judge shall sign [copies] thereof and affix the seal of the court thereto, and shall return the mediation settlement statement to the specialized agency in charge of copyright matters for service to the parties, retaining one copy for its own records.
    Where the court decides not to ratify a mediation settlement statement, it shall notify the specialized agency in charge of copyright matters of the reasons.

## Annotated by Wikibooks

* ↑ "Copyright Act". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2003-07-09. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Copyright Act/Article 88

| ←Article 87 | Copyright Act Republic of China (Taiwan) Law Article 88 | Article 90-1→ |

## Promulgated amendment on 2003-07-09
### Article 88

    A person who unlawfully infringes on another person's economic rights or plate rights out of intention or negligence shall be liable for damages. Where multiple persons engage in unlawful infringement, they shall bear joint and several liability for damages.
    With regard to the damages referred to in the preceding paragraph, the injured party may make claim in any of the following manners:
    1. In accordance with the provisions of Article 216 of the Civil Code; provided, when the injured party is unable to prove damages, it may base the damages on the difference between the amount of expected benefit from the exercise of such rights under normal circumstances and the amount of benefit from the exercise of the same rights after the infringement.
    2. Based on the amount of benefit obtained by the infringer on account of the infringing activity; provided, where the infringer is unable to establish costs or necessary expenses [of the infringing act or articles], the total revenue derived from the infringement shall be deemed to be its benefit.
    If it is difficult for the injured party to prove actual damages in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, it may request that the court, based on the seriousness of the matter, set compensation at an amount of not less than ten thousand and not more than one million New Taiwan Dollars. If the damaging activity was intentional and the matter serious, the compensation may be increased to five million New Taiwan Dollars.

## Annotated by Wikibooks

* ↑ "Copyright Act". Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. Ministry of Justice (Taiwan). 2003-07-09. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
# Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Health and Science/First Aid, Advanced

First Aid, Advanced :
| Health and Science General Conference | Skill Level 3 |
| Health and Science General Conference | Year of Introduction: 1963 |

## If residing in the United States or any other country in which Red Cross instruction is given, pass the American Red Cross exam in Advanced First Aid and receive your certificate.

The Red Cross has contact information on their web page which can be found at . They do charge a fee, so be prepared for that. To make the most use of the Red Cross training, study the answers in the First Aid, Standard honor prior to attending the class. Wikibooks also has a First Aid book which has the same scope as this course.

## Note: The yellow oval on the patch designates “advanced” level.

This honor is normally taught as part of the AY Guide curriculum, so it bears the same color as the Guide insignia.
# Polish Opening
### 1. b4 e5

Black plays the most common reply. This pawn move gives Black a share of the centre slightly larger than in standard openings, while freeing the bishop on f8 to take White's b4 pawn. Now both 2. a3 and 2. Bb2 are good responses.

## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation.
1. b4 e5
| 2 | 3 |
| Bb2 Bxb4 | Bxe5 Nf6 | +/= |
| a3 d5 | Bb2 a5 | = |
| b5 d5 | Bb2 Nd7 | =/+ |
| ... Nf6 | Bb2 Bc5 | =/+ |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.

## References

* Eric Schiller (2002). Unorthodox Chess Openings (Second Edition ed.). Cardoza. ISBN 1-58042-072-9. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help)
* Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
* This Chess related article is a stub. Please assist Wikibooks by expanding it.
# Nimzovich-Larsen Attack
### 1...e5
### Statistics
## Theory table

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation. .
| 1.b3 |
| | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Nimzovich-Larsen Attack | Bb2 Nc6 | |
| Nimzovich-Larsen Attack | Bb2 Nc6 | e3 a6 | Nf3 d6 | Qe2 Nf6 | Nc3 Qe7 | 0-0-0 g6 | d4 Bg7 | dxe5 dxe5 | Nd5 Nxd5 |
| | c4 Nf6 | to 1.c4 e5 2.b3 |
| The Scientist's Method | Bb2 Nc6 | d4 |
When contributing to this Wikibook, please follow the Conventions for organization.
* Eric Schiller (2002). Unorthodox Chess Openings (Second Edition ed.). Cardoza. ISBN 1-58042-072-9. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help)
* Nunn's Chess Openings. 1999. John Nunn (Editor), Graham Burgess, John Emms, Joe Gallagher. ISBN 1-8574-4221-0.
* Modern Chess Openings: MCO-14. 1999. Nick de Firmian, Walter Korn. ISBN 0-8129-3084-3.