# Orthopaedic Surgery/Adult Reconstruction

* Orthopaedic Surgery
* INTRODUCTION ·
* AUTHORS ·
* ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ·
* NOTE TO AUTHORS
* 1.Basic Sciences ·
* 2.Upper Limb ·
* 3.Foot and Ankle ·
* 4.Spine ·
* 5.Hand and Microsurgery ·
* 6.Paediatric Orthopaedics ·
* 7.Adult Reconstruction ·
* 8.Sports Medicine ·
* 9.Musculoskeletal Tumours ·
* 10.Injury ·
* 11.Surgical Procedures ·
* 12.Rehabilitation ·
* 13.Practice
| | Adult Reconstruction | |
| <<Macrodactyly | Adult Reconstruction | Arthroplasty>> |
* Arthroplasty
** General Principles
*** Materials
**** Metals
***** Stainless Steel
***** Cobalt-based Alloys
***** Titanium and Titanium Alloys
***** Combinations of Metals
**** Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene
**** Ceramics
**** Composite Materials
*** Fixation
**** Polymethlymethacrylate
**** Porous Metals
**** Calcium Phosphate Ceramics
*** Perioperative Principles
**** Operating Room Environment
**** Prophylactic Antibiotics
**** Postoperative Precautions
** Arthroplasty of Hip
*** Applied Biomechanics
**** Forces Acting on Hip
**** Centralisation of Head of Femur
**** Neck Length and Offsets
**** Head and Neck Diameter
**** Frictional Torque
**** Wear
**** Lubrication
**** Stress Transfer to Bone
*** Selection of Total Hip Components
**** Femoral Components
***** Femoral Stems with Cement
***** Cementless Stems with Porous Surface
***** Nonporous Cementless Femoral Components
***** Custom-made Femoral Components
**** Acetabular Components
***** Cemented Acetabular Components
***** Cementless Acetabular Components
***** Bipolar Acetabular Components
***** Acetabular Reconstruction Rings
*** Surface Replacement Arthroplasty
*** Indications for Total Hip Arthroplasty
*** Contraindications for Total Hip Arthroplasty
*** Preoperative Evaluation
*** Preoperative Roentograms
*** Preparation and Draping
*** Surgical Approaches and Techniques
**** Posterolateral Approach with Posterior Dislocation of Hip
**** Implantation of Cementless Acetabular Components
**** Implantation of Cemented Acetabular Components
**** Implantation of Bipolar Prosthesis
**** Implantation of Cementless Femoral Components
**** Implantation of Cemented Femoral Components
**** Trochanteric Osteotomy
*** Surgical Problems to Specific Hip Disorders
**** Arthritic Disorders
***** Degenerative Arthritis
***** Rheumatoid Arthritis
**** Avascular Necrosis
**** Protrusio Acetabuli
**** Developmental Dysplasia
**** Dwarfs
**** Postraumatic Disorders
***** Femoral Fractures and Nonunions
***** Acetabular Fractures
**** Failed Reconstructive Procedures
***** Proximal Femoral Osteotomy
***** Arthrodesis
***** Painful Hemiarthroplasty
***** Failed Resurfacing Procedures
**** Metabolic Disorders
***** Paget Disease
***** Gaucher Disease
***** Sickle Cell Anemia
***** Chronic Renal Failure
***** Hemophilia
**** Infectious Disorders
***** Pyogenic Arthritis
***** Tuberculosis
**** Tumors
**** Neurologic Disorders
*** Complications
**** Nerve Injuries
**** Vascular Injuries
**** Hematoma Formation
**** Bladder and Urinary Tract Injuries
**** Limb Length Discrepancy
**** Dislocation and Subluxation
**** Heterotopic Ossification
**** Thromboembolism
**** Fractures
**** Trochanteric Nonunion
**** Loosening
***** Femoral Loosening
***** Acetabular Loosening
***** Diagnosis
**** Infections
***** Management of Infections
***** Reconstruction after Infection
**** Osteolysis
**** Stem Failure
**** Miscellaneous Complications
*** Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty
**** Indications and Contraindications
**** Preoperative Planning
**** Surgical Approach
***** Stem Removal
***** Removal of Broken Stem
***** Removal of Cement from Femur
***** Removal of Cup and Cement form Acetabulum
**** Reconstruction of Acetabular Deficiencies
***** Cavitary Deficits
***** Segmental Deficits
**** Reconstruction of Femoral Deficiencies
***** Segmental Deficits
***** Cavitary Deficits
***** Femoral Deformity
***** Femoral Allograft
*** Postoperative Care
** Arthroplasty of Knee
*** Applied Biomechanics
**** Role of PCL in Knee Arthroplasty
**** Longitudinal and Rotatioinal Alignment of Knee
**** Patellofemoral Joint
**** Polyethylene Issues
**** Component Fixation
*** Indications for Tricompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
*** Indications for Unicondylar Knee Arthroplasty
*** Indications for Patellar Resurfacing
*** Indications for Simultaneous Bilateral Knee Arthroplasty
*** Outcome Measures of Knee Arthroplasty
*** Prosthesis Survival in Knee Arthroplasty
*** Preoperative Evaluation in Knee Arthroplasty
*** Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
**** Anaesthetic Options
**** Surgical Approaches
**** Bone Preparation
**** Ligamentous Balancing
***** Varus Deformity
***** Valgus Deformity
***** Flexion Contracture
***** Balancing Posterior Cruciate Ligament
**** Management of Bone Deficiency
**** Patellofemoral Tracking
**** Component Implantation
**** Wound Closure
*** Unicondylar Knee Arthroplasty
*** Postoperative Management
*** Surgical Problems to Specific Knee Disorders
**** Previous High Tibial Osteotomy
**** Previous Patellectomy
**** Neuropathic Arthropathy
**** Medical Conditions
*** Complications of Knee Arthroplasty
**** Thromboembolism
**** Infection
**** Patellofemoral Complications
**** Neurovascular Complications
**** Periprosthetic Fractures
*** Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
**** Aseptic Failure
**** Revision Exposures
**** Component Removal
**** Reconstruction Principles
**** Results
** Arthroplasty of Ankle
** Arthroplasty of Shoulder
*** History
*** Biomechanics of Shoulder Arthroplasty
*** Prosthesis Design
*** Indications for Shoulder Arthroplasty
*** Preoperative Evaluation
*** Shoulder Hemiarthroplasty
*** Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
*** Rehabilitation after Shoulder Arthroplasty
*** Complications of Shoulder Arthroplasty
*** Revision Shoulder Arthroplasty
** Arthroplasty of Elbow
*** History of Elbow Arthroplasty
*** Biomechanics of Elbow Arthroplasty
*** Types of Elbow Arthroplasty
**** Interpositional Arthroplasty
**** Resection Arthroplasty of Radial Head
**** Implant Arthroplasty
***** Total Elbow Replacement
***** Radial Head Implant Arthroplasty
*** Complications of Elbow Arthroplasty
*** Indications of Elbow Arthroplasty
*** Techniques of Elbow Arthroplasty
*** Revision and Salvage Elbow Arthroplasty
* Arthrodesis
** Ankle Arthrodesis
*** Approaches
*** Preparation of Joint Surfaces
*** Fixation of Arthrodesis
*** Bone Grafting
*** Techniques
** Knee Arthrodesis
*** Indications
*** Techniques
** Hip Arthrodesis
*** Indications
*** Techniques
*** Arthrodesis in Absence of Femoral Head
*** Total Hip Arthroplasty after Arthrodesis
** Wrist Arthrodesis
*** History
*** Indications
*** Position
*** Techniques
*** Complications
** Elbow Arthrodesis
*** Indications
*** Techniques
*** Complications
** Shoulder Arthrodesis
*** History
*** Indications
*** Position
*** Techniques
*** Complications
* Osteotomy
** Hip Osteotomy
*** Salter's Procedure
*** Triple Innominate Osteotomy
*** Spherical Acetabular osteotomy
*** Ganz Osteotomy
*** Chiari's Osteotomy
** Knee Osteotomy