OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Functions of phraseological units

Phraseological units have a set of specific functions, predetermined by their essence. Some functions are constant or definite, in other words – attribute to all phraseological units in any conditions of their use, others are variative, peculiar to some types of phraseologisms. Definitive are communicative, cognitive and nominative functions.
Communicative function - serves as a means of communication or messages.
Perceptive (or cognitive) function – reflection of real world objects, promoting their cognition.
Nominative function – relatedness of phraseologisms to objects of real world, including situations, as well as replacement of such objects in speech activity with their phraseological names. A phraseologism “brown paper” may be made an example.
According to A.Kunin variative functions are – volitional and resultative. Volitional function is related to will expression. Resultative function consists in notation of reason that caused the action or state, expressed by a phraseologism.
I. Chernysheva sets a question about text-forming (context forming) function of phraseologisms. Text-forming factors of phraseological units are understood as implementation of linguistic features of these language signs, allowing them equally to grammatical and lexical language means, to create such links in text structure, which are elements of structure and in specific cases - binding means for text fragments.
In a such manner, we offer the following classification of phraseological units:
1 nominative – designation of subjects and objects with purpose of more specific description; 2 volitional – expression of speaker’s will; 3 resultative – specification of event source or state; 4 stylistic – achievement of specific expression color; 5 directive – influence on the addressee – control, upbringing, advice; 6 symptomatic – expression of specific feelings, receiving some reaction from the addressee.

## References

* 1 2 3 Kunin, А. English Phraseology. Moskow: High School, 1970. Print.
* ↑ Amosova, N. Fundamentals of English Phraseology. Leningrad: Leningrad University, 1963. Print.
* ↑ Teliya, N. Types of linguistic meanings. Moskow: Foreign Affairs, 1981. Print.
* ↑ Chernysheva, I. English Phraseology. Moskow: High School, 1980. Print.
# The Lyrics of Henry VIII/Why shall not I (Unattributed)

[ff. 107$^v$-108$^r$]
Why shall not I. why shall not I to my lady. why shall not I be trew why shall not I.
my lady hath me in that grace 5 she takes me as her howne her mynd is in non other place now sith it ys thus known why shall not I
my lady sayth of trouth. it ys 10 no loue that can be lost alas alas what word ys this her to remember mest why shall not I.

## Textual Commentary

Meditating on his lady’s statement that “trouth … ys no loue that can be lost” (ll. 10–11), the speaker of this lyric asks himself the rhetorical question posed in the incipit.
    6 howne Own.
The unattributed “Why shall not I” is through-set in three voices.
This piece is indexed in Robbins Index & Suppl. 2250.5, Boffey, and Ringler MS TM1051. Reprinted in Flügel Anglia 250–51, Flügel Neuengl 137, Stevens M&P 419, and Stevens MCH8 79.

## Textual Notes
### Texts Collated

H$^{1,2,3}$ (ff. 107$^v$–108$^r$).
    9 not I] I not H$^3$
    10 trouth.] non trouth^ H$^2$, trouth^ H$^3$
    13 remember] reme H$^1$, remember H$^{2,3}$; mest] est H$^{1,2,3}$ (Stevens M&P 419 and others)
    14 not I] I not H$^3$
# The Lyrics of Henry VIII/Withowt dyscord, Henry VIII

[ff. 68$^v$-69$^r$]
| Early Modern English | Modern English |
| Withowt dyscord | Without discord |
| and bothe acorde | And both accord, |
| now let us be | Now let us be. |
| bothe hartes alone | Both harts alone |
| to set in one | To set in one. |
| best semyth me. | Best seems me. |
| for when one sole | For when one sole |
| ys in the dole | Is in the dole |
| of louys payne. | Of love's pain |
| then helpe must haue | Then help must have |
| hym selfe to saue | Himself to save |
| and loue to optayne. | And love to obtain. |
| wherfor now we. | Where for now we |
| that louers be. | That lovers be, |
| let vs now pray. | Let us now pray: |
| Onys loue sure. | Once love sure |
| for to procure. | For to procure |
| withowt denay. | Without denial. |
| wher loue so sewith. | Where love so sues |
| ther no hart rewith. | There no heart rues, |
| but condyscend. | But condescend. |
| Yf contrarye. | If contrary, |
| what remedy. | What remedy? |
| god yt amen. | God it amend. |

## Textual Commentary

“Withowt dyscord” is an exposition concerning the unity of the lovers, from the “dole / of louys payne” commonly associated with the pangs of the courtly love tradition (“dyscord”), to the unity of the hearts and souls of the lovers (“acorde”). Addressed to lovers, the lyric concludes with a prayer for “sure love” where the lover sues.
    7 sole Soul, perhaps, but also in the sense of being alone or solitary (OED a 2.a) and separated from another (OED a 2.b).
    10 helpe must haue Help he must have.
    16 Onys Once (i.e. on some occasion).
    18 denay Denial, refusal (OED “deny” n.1).
    19 sewith Make suit; legal (courtly allusion); see also the comment to Henry’s “If love now reynyd as it hath bene” (H 38.12).
    20 rewith Sorrows, distresses, grieves (OED v.1 3); also, feels remorse (OED v.1 9).
    21 condyscend Condescend.
    23 what remedy Cf. Cornish’s “My loue sche morneth for me” (H 21.26) and the anonymous “What remedy what remedy” (H 69); see also Ravenscroft’s “Hey downe downe”: “what remedy though alas for loue I die with woe” (Pammelia 13).
    24 amen Amend, but also in the sense of “answer our prayer”; cf.., in this context of prayer, Henry’s “Though sum saith that yough rulyth me” (H 51.18) and his “Lusti yough shuld vs ensue” (H 61.27); with special reference to these two lyrics, cf. also the sentiments expressed towards ‘disdainers’ in the concluding lines of the Jousts of May: “Some reprehende / Suche as entende / To condescende / To chyualry // God them amende / And grace them sende / Not to offende / More tyll they deye” (ll. 180–87).
The first stanza of “Withowt dyscord,” lines 1–12, is through-set, while the remaining text appears following the third voice.
Indexed in Robbins Index & Suppl. 4213.5, Boffey, and Ringler MS TM2014. Reprinted in Flügel Anglia 237, Flügel Neuengl 136–7, Padelford 76, Stevens M&P 410, Stevens MCH8 50, and Trefusis 26–27.

## Textual Notes
### Texts Collated

H$^{1,2,3}$ (ff. 68$^v$–69$^r$, ll. 1–12 H$^{2,3}$).
    10 must] to H$^2$
# The Legend of Zelda: Link's Awakening
## Table of contents

* Introduction

### Gameplay

* Controls
* Characters
** Nightmares
* Enemies
* Items
* Koholint Island
** Mabe Village

### Walkthrough

* The Mysterious Forest
* Tail Cave
* Before Bottle Grotto
* Bottle Grotto
* Key Cavern
* Angler's Tunnel
* Catfish's Maw
* Face Shrine
* Eagle's Tower
* Turtle Rock
* Wind Fish's Egg

### Sidequests

* Secret Seashells
* Heart Pieces
* Trading Sidequest
* Photographs (DX only)
* Color Dungeon (DX only)
# The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild

This Wikibook is an unofficial guide to The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, a 2017 video game for the Wii U and Nintendo Switch.

## Table of Contents
### Items

* Materials
* Weapons

### Dungeons

* Divine Beasts
* Shrines
# The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild/Materials

Materials are a key gameplay mechanic and play a role in a variety of activites. Materials are central to cooking, potion making, equipment enchanting, and a number of quests.
# The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past/Walkthrough

Welcome to Hyrule, adventurer. You are about to embark on a quest that will determine the fate of the worlds, both light and dark. This walkthrough is presented in the most logical order in which to visit the various locations, but it is not the only order that you can use. You are free to make detours and explore nearly every part of the world when you play. As you collect more items and abilities, more of the world will become available to you. Whether you choose to follow this walkthrough step by step or wish to travel along your own path, the walkthrough has been broken up into sections that you can immediately jump to and find the information that you are looking for.
Your journey begins on a stormy night when Zelda, the Princess of Hyrule, sends out a desperate telepathic plea for rescue. Your journey will start in your home, in the middle of the Light World...
# The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild/Divine Beasts
## Order

The divine beasts are usually completed this order.
* Divine Beast Vah Ruta
* Divine Beast Vah Rudania
* Divine Beast Vah Medoh
* Divine Beast Vah Naboris
That said, the divine beasts can be completed in any order the player wishes.

## Specific Divine Beasts
### Vah Ruta

The divine beast of the Zora.
Specilized arrows are required to board Vah Ruta.
The boss of Vah Ruta is Waterblight Ganon.
Completion of this divine beast grants the player an automatic revival when they run out of health. This ability can be used just once before it must recharge.

### Vah Rudania

The divine beast of the Goron.
The interior of Vah Rudania is initially unlit, unlike most of the divine beasts.
The boss of Vah Rudania is Fireblight Ganon.
Completion of this divine beast grants the player the ability to create a near perfect shield while guarding, allowing for most attacks to automatically be ignored. This ability can be used just a few times before it must recharge.

### Vah Medoh

The divine beast of the Rito.
Familiarity with slow motion bow shooting helps with boarding Vah Medoh.
The boss of Vah Medoh is Windblight Ganon.
Completion of this divine beast grants the player the ability to create and then paraglide on an updraft at will, greatly expanding mobility options. This ability can only be used a few times before it must recharge.

### Vah Naboris

The divine beast of the Gerudo.
Specialized arrows are required to board Vah Naboris. Familiarity with Sand Seal riding makes the boarding easier.
The boss of Vah Naboris is Thunderblight Ganon.
Completion of this divine beast allows the player to unleash a electrical attack when they pause to "charge" their weapon for an otherwise normal strong attack. This ability can only be used a few times before recharging is required.
# The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild/Weapons
## Weapons
### Axe
#### Woodcutter

A woodcutter's tool of choice felling trees. It's formidable weight and uneven balancing make it a slow, ineffcient weapon.

### Sword
#### Rusty

This once-fearsome sword has seen better days. It can do some damage in the right hands, but, also breaks quickly.

#### Traveler

A very common sword often keep by travelers to fall off small beasts. It's fairly durable, but, a bit unreliable against monsters.

#### Claymore
## Bows and Arrows
### Bow
#### Soldier

A bow designed for armed conflict. Inflicents more damage than a civilan bow, but, it will still break if it touches fire.

#### Traveler

A small bow used by travelers for protection. It doesn't do a of damage, but, it can be used to attack foes frrom a distance.

### Arrow

x5 - A bundle of five common arrows. The shafts of these arrows we're from the wood of a sturdy tree.
# The Legend of Zelda: Collector's Edition

The Legend of Zelda: Collector's Edition (known as The Legend Of Zelda Collection in Japan) is a compilation of some early The Legend of Zelda games made available in some Nintendo GameCube bundles. It was also given to some players who registered their games and hardware on Nintendo's site or subscribed to Nintendo Power.
The collection contains the following games:
* The Legend of Zelda
* Zelda II: The Adventure of Link
* The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time
* The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask
* The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker (20 minute demo)
The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past was conspicuously absent. This was likely due to a then recent re-release of the game for the Game Boy Advance.

## The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker (20 minute demo)

The demo of this game lets you choose from one of three special saved games (each of the names is a description of the type of gameplay that the location of the saved game focuses on): "Dungeon" (inside Dragon Roost Island), "Stealth" (inside the Forsaken Fortress), and "Island" (at Windfall Island).
Surprisingly, the "demo" does not feature any real type of hindrance besides what is already governed by the game (although you cannot save the game or change or view the options). For example, the saved game titled "Dungeon" puts you inside the Dragon Roost Island dungeon, however you can leave at any time and explore the island. Unfortunately, after you arrive at the island (as the developers did and then saved the game for the demo) the Red Lion requires that you complete the dungeon and retrieve Din's Pearl before being able to sail again. You can better understand this if you play from the "Island" saved game and then sail over to Dragon Roost Island.
Note that each of the saved games starts with different items, however the Hero's Shield, Spoils Bag, and Telescope are present in all of them.
* The "Dungeon" saved game starts with the Delivery Bag, an Empty Bottle, the Hero's Sword, Pirate's Charm, Sail, zero Treasure Charts, Wind Waker, and one Red Chu Jelly and one Joy Pendant in the Spoils Bag.
* The "Stealth" saved game begins with just a single Joy Pendant in the Spoils Bag,
* The "Island" saved game has nothing in the Spoils Bag, but begins with the Hero's Sword, Pirate's Charm, Sail, and zero Treasure Charts.
# World Stamp Catalogue/Contributors

— Hobby&learning 19:05, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC) I started this WikiBook, and I know it will be a huge project, I think it will help a lot of people in enjoying their hobby which is still one of the most popular hobbies around the world !
— Tom Webb 7 July 2005 05:57 (UTC) I came across this interesting WikiBook and thought I might be able to help with fleshing out New Zealand stamps section. Will try to add additional information as and when I can :)
— Nonenmac 03:06, 14 May 2007 (UTC) I just added the module World Stamp Catalogue/United States, which is a copy of what I had created as a Commons article (Stamps of the United States) based on the US stamp images there. I have not yet made an attempt to conform to the World Stamp Catalogue format or content. I mainly wanted to provide an indication of what US stamp images are available on Wikimedia Commons. Feel free to do any constructive reformatting that would help. Some scans from my personal collection are shown in commons:User:Nonenmac/postage stamps.
— We, participants in the Russian WikiProject Philately, namely Mariluna, Michael Romanov, Leonid Dzhepko, Andrey Sdobnikov and others have started contributing to the World Stamp Catalogue for Soviet Union and Russia. We aim to represent these two countries as full as possible. And maybe more. As you can see the year 1989 is already there. All interested persons are welcome to join us. On behalf of my collegues, --Leonid Dzhepko 20:04, 12 November 2007 (UTC)
- User:AshLIn. I inhabit en:WP. I would like to author the Indian stamps section with help from others. AshLin (talk) 05:37, 3 April 2009 (UTC)
- I have picked US stamps of 1940 as an example of how I like the catalog to look when it becomes more populated with information. Nonenmac had already done much of the hard work for scanning some images, I just arranged them into the new templates and combined with additional info Robert Huber (discuss • contribs) 14:02, 10 September 2013 (UTC)
# World Stamp Catalogue/Crete
## Crete

* Postage stamps and postal history of Crete
# World Stamp Catalogue/Cyprus
## Cyprus

* Postage stamps and postal history of Cyprus
# World Stamp Catalogue/Czech Republic
## The Czech Republic

* Postage stamps and postal history of the Czech Republic
# World Stamp Catalogue/Costa Rica
## Costa Rica

* Postage stamps and postal history of Costa Rica
# World Stamp Catalogue/Cundinamarca
## Cundinamarca

* Postage stamps of Cundinamarca
# World Stamp Catalogue/Comoro Islands
## The Comoros

* Postage stamps and postal history of the Comoros
# World Stamp Catalogue/Cuba
## Cuba

* Postage stamps and postal history of Cuba
# World Stamp Catalogue/Croatia
## Croatia

* Postage stamps and postal history of Croatia
# World Stamp Catalogue/Cyrenaica
## Cyrenaica

* Postage stamps and postal history of Cyrenaica
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Lowering Adverse Flow Of Qi By Warming The Lung

* Xiao Qing Long Tang
* Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang
* Ling Gan Wu Wei Jia Jiang Xin Ban Xia Xing Zi Tang
back to :
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Lu Gen

Name Means:
* Lu-rush/reed
* Gen-root/rhizome
English Name:
Latin Name:
Taste & Temperature:
* Gan-Sweet
* Han-Cold
Channels:
* Hand Tai Yin of Lung
* Foot Yang Ming of Stomach
Actions & Indications:
* Clear Heat & Drain Fire
* clear heat and generate fluids
* clear Lung Heat
* clear Stomach Heat
* encourage rash to surface
* clear heat and promote urination
* clear heat, relieve irritability and stop vomiting
Contraindications:
Dosage:
* 5-10 qian (15-30 grams)
* up to 20 qian (60 grams)

## Notes

* ↑ (WO/2009/149585) COMPOSITIONS FOR REDUCING BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL AND USES THEREOF, World Intellectual Property Organization.
* ↑ Haiying Liu, Nongxue Qiu, Huihuang Ding, Ruiqi Yao. “Polyphenols contents and antioxidant capacity of 68 Chinese herbals suitable for medical or food uses”, Food Research International, Volume 41, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 363-370.
* ↑ China Pharmacopoeia Committee. (2000). Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China (Vol. 1). Beijing: China Chemical Industry Press.
back to:
* Qing Re Xia Huo
* TCM Materia Medica
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Lung Meridian

Lung Meridian | Large Intestine Meridian | Stomach Meridian | Spleen Meridian | Heart Meridian | Small Intestine Meridian | Urinary Bladder Meridian | Kidney Meridian | Pericardium Meridian | San Jiao Meridian | Gallbladder Meridian | Liver Meridian | Ren Mai | Du Mai | Head And Neck Acupuncture Points | Chest And Abdomen Acupuncture Points | Back Acupuncture Points | Upper Extremities Acupuncture Points | Lower Extremities Acupuncture Points
The acupuncture points of the Lung Meridian (手太阴肺经) include:
| Chinese Name | Pinyin | Acupoint |
| 中府 | zhōng fǔ | LU 1 |
| 云门 | yún mén | LU 2 |
| 天府 | tiān fǔ | LU 3 |
| 侠白 | xiá bái | LU 4 |
| 尺泽 | chǐ zé | LU 5 |
| 孔最 | kǒng zuì | LU 6 |
| 列缺 | liè quē | LU 7 |
| 经渠 | jīng qú | LU 8 |
| 太渊 | tài yuān | LU 9 |
| 鱼际 | yú jì | LU 10 |
| 少商 | shào shāng | LU 11 |
back to:
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Lowering Flow Of Qi By Regulating Middle-jiao

| No. | Name of Formula in Pinyin |
| 1 | Ping Wei San |
| 2 | Wei Ling San |
| 3 | Xiang Sha Ping Wei San |
| 4 | Ding Siang Shi Di Tang |
| 5 | Xuan Fu Dai Zhe Tang |
| 6 | Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang |
| 7 | Xiao Ban Xia Tang |
| 8 | Ban Xia Jia Fu Ling Tang |
| 9 | Fu Ling Yin |
| 10 | Fu Ling Yin He Ban Xia Hou Pu Tang |
| 11 | Ban Xia Hou Pu Tang |
| 12 | Jiu Wei Bing Lang Tang |
| 13 | Jian Zhong Tang |
| 14 | Da Ban Xia Tang |
| 15 | Hou Pu Sheng Jiang Ban Xia Gan Cao Ren Shen Tang |
| 16 | Shi Di Tang |
back to :
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Ma Huang Fu Zi Xi Xin Tang

The formula Ma Huang Fu Zi Xi Xin Tang, designed to restore yang to relieve the exterior, to warm the channel and stop pain, consists of the following:
| No. | Pinyin | Simplified Chinese | Grams |
| 1 | Ma Huang | 麻黄(草麻黄) | 6 |
| 2 | Fu Zi | 附子 | 3 |
| 3 | Xi Xin | 细辛 | 3 |
back to:
* Relieving The Exterior With Pungent And Warm Herbs
* Expelling Pathogenic Factors From Both The Interior And Exterior
* Formula Design
* Prescriptions
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Lu Ci Xian Wan

The formula Lu Ci Xian Wan, designed to clear away heat and eliminate phlegm to relieve cough, consists of the following:
| No. | Pinyin | Simplified Chinese | Grams |
| 1 | Lu Ci Xian | 鸬鹚涎 | 180 |
| 2 | Niu Bang Zi | 牛蒡子 | 180 |
| 3 | Shi Gao | 石膏 | 120 |
| 4 | Shan Zhi Zi | 山栀子(炒) | 120 |
| 5 | Tian Hua Fen | 天花粉 | 120 |
| 6 | Hai Ge Qiao (calcined) | 海蛤壳(煅) | 120 |
| 7 | She Gan | 射干 | 60 |
| 8 | Qing Dai | 青黛 | 60 |
| 9 | Ma Huang | 麻黄 | 48 |
| 10 | Xing Ren | 杏仁 | 120 |
| 11 | Xi Xin | 细辛 | 30 |
| 12 | Gan Cao | 甘草 | 24 |
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Ma Huang Tang

Ma Huang Tang 麻黄汤 (Ephe﻿dra D﻿ecoction) consists of
* Ma Huang (麻黄) ephedra stem - 18gm
* Gui Zhi (桂枝) cinnamon twig - 12gm
* Xing Ren (杏仁) apricot kernel - 20gm
* Zhi Gan Cao (炙甘草) honey-fried (prepared) licorice - 6gm
back to:
* Relieving The Exterior With Pungent And Warm Herbs
* Prescriptions for Relieving Exterior Syndromes
* Formulas
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Ma Huang

Ma-Linen, hemp, sesame, paralysis or numbness
Huang-Yellow
(Chinese: 麻黄)
Ephedra Stem
Taste & Temperature:
* Xin-Spicy
* slightly Ku-Bitter
* Wen-Warm
Channels:
* Hand Tai Yin of Lung
* Foot Tai Yang of Urinary Bladder
Actions & Indications:
* drastic diaphoretic
* disperse Lung, calm cough & asthma
* promote urination, reduce swelling
Caution:
* weak body
* hypertension
* deficiency-type sweating or wheezing
Dosage:
Cooking:
* cook first
* remove foam
back to:
* Xin Wen Jie Biao
* TCM Materia Medica
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Ma Zi Ren Wan

Ma Zi Ren Wan consists of the following:
* Huo Ma Ren (Fructus Cannabis) 20g
* Ku Xing Ren (Semen Armeniacae Amarum), ao (simmered) 10g
* Bai Shao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) 9g
* Da Huang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) 12g
* Hou Po (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis), zhi (fried with liquid) 9g
* Zhi Shi (Fructus Aurantii lmmaturus) 9g
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Man Jing Zi

Name Means:
* Man-to spread
* Jing-Brambles/thorns
* Zi-Seeds
English Name:
Chinese Name:
Latin Name:
Taste & Temperature:
* Xin-Spicy
* Ku-Bitter
* Liang-Cool
Channels:
* Foot Tai Yang of Urinary Bladder
* Foot Jue Yin of Liver
* Foot Yang Ming of Stomach
Actions & Indications:
* disperses Wind-Heat (Spicy & Cool)
* clears head & eyes
* drains Damp & expels Wind
Contraindication:
Caution:
* Yin deficiency syndrome
* Blood deficiency
* chronic skin infection
* headache or eye problem due to Blood or Yin deficiency
* Stomach Qi deficiency
Antagonize:
* Wu Tou
* Shi Gao
Dosage:
back to:
* Xin Liang Jie Biao
* TCM Materia Medica

## Notes

* ↑ Y. Hua, H.-L. Xina, Q.-Y. Zhanga, H.-C. Zhenga, K. Rahmanb, L.-P. Qina. "Anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperprolactinemia activities of Fructus Viticis and its effective fractions and chemical constituents", Phytomedicine, Volume 14, Issue 10, Pages 668-674 (15 October 2007)
# Singing/Introduction

In the 21st century, it is often said by those selling singing techniques, books and methods that most people can learn how to sing. In fact, scientists have stated that the human larynx is typically very similar across all humans with only a difference in sizes. It is however a commonly held belief that singing is reserved for only a few which are born with the ability. Because of the difference in vocal fold sizes, some people are less capable of hitting higher and lower notes in chest voice (tenor can't hit much below low c, most untrained baritones can't go much above middle C). Knowing one's tessitura is important, the song must be in a key suitable for you, otherwise you are likely to look quite the fool as you break and go into falsetto or head voice in inappropriate places. The human larynx is an instrument, in which all that is necessary in order to sing is to learn how to use it, and practice often. With a little bit of motivation and patience, it can be achieved.