OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kojo explorations
## Scope

Learning coding to children using Logo language in a dedicated IDE. This book is about interactively exploring different topics in Math, Art, and Science via Programming. Here’s a quick word on these important areas of learning:
* Math is the language of structure and pattern, and underlies all of our efforts to understand the world around us in a systematic way.
* Art helps us to appreciate beauty and experience the mysterious, and kindles the creative and joyous spark in us.
* Science is our way of trying to make sense of nature (using Math).
* Programming is a systematic way of representing structure and pattern – in a formalism that can be executed directly on computers by us to do useful things like the following:
** playing with ideas (in Math, Science, and Art) .
** creating information structures (like the Internet).
** automating the world around us.
These are crucial subjects for kids to get comfortable with – to be literate, knowledgeable, and happy citizens of the 21st century world.
This book helps with the learning of these subject by getting kids to create things using them. With the help of this book, they create drawings, algorithms, electronic circuits, and sound effects. Later volumes in this series will help them create animations, games, robots, and more.
The interactive software used to explore the above areas in the book is called the Kojo Learning Environment. Kojo is an award winning open-source app that is used by tens of thousands of people around the world. It is powerful, feature rich, and robust, and is available on Linux, Windows, and Mac.
The ideas used in this book while creating things include:
* Math – unit length, distances, integers, rational numbers, fractions, ratio and proportion, percentages, estimation, angles (definition, supplementary, interior and exterior), circles, arcs, polygons, coordinate geometry, LCM, HCF, BODMAS, equations, arithmetic sequences, random numbers, symmetry, simple interest, averages, and visual and numeric patterns.
* Art – all kinds of shapes and colors, brought together creatively. • Programming – turtle graphics, values and variables, commands and functions, algorithms, primitives, composition, and abstraction.
* Science (Physics) – atomic structure, potential difference, current, resistors, and ohm’s law.
This book has a couple of additional, very important, goals – to give kids practice, via Kojo, with the following:
different modes of thinking – inductive, deductive, systematic, analytical, creative, etc.
learning how to learn new things using exploration, discovery, and feedback.
This includes helping them to learn various problem solving strategies.
These are essential skills for the dynamic, information based work environments of the 21st century.
* Kojo explorations/Introduction
* Kojo explorations/Commands and programs

## Other projects

Logo_Programming

## External links

Kogics homepage projects
# Kojo explorations/Introduction

The book will help you to:
* Create beautiful computer generated art.
* Make electronic circuits to do fun things.
* Apply math to enrich your creations (drawings and circuits).
Learn computer programming (a very important 21st century skill), math, and physics, along with thinking and problem solving skills – as you go about making your creations.
You will do all of this using a learning environment called Kojo. To learn more about Kojo before you begin this journey, you are welcome to take a quick look at the "Kojo, An Introduction ebook".
The following is a picture of the Kojo workspace:
When you start up Kojo, you see a turtle sitting near the center of the screen, within a window called the drawing canvas. Your programs instruct this turtle to do things. You can ask it to move forward, drawing a line as it moves. You can ask it to turn left or right. You can ask it to change the color of the lines it draws, and the shapes it fills. All of this can be used to make very interesting drawings. To the bottom-left of the Kojo workspace is the script editor, where you write your programs (or scripts, which are small programs). The script editor has a tool-bar with buttons that quickly let you do most of the core things that you need to do within Kojo – run programs, trace programs, check your programs for errors, etc. To the bottom-right is the output pane, where Kojo gives you informative messages to help you recover from mistakes that you make in your programs. You also write out results from your programs in this area. To whet your appetite, here are some examples (taken from the Kojo Samples and Showcase menus) of drawings that you can create within Kojo:
With that brief introduction to Kojo, lets get going...

## Note

* ↑ http://www.kogics.net/kojo-ebooks#intro
# Koine Greek/7

In the learning of Koine Greek, accents are not very significant, and are often ignored entirely (particularly in the study of the New Testament and Septuagint). Even in the study of Classical Greek, only a rudimentary knowledge of accents is necessary. However, for the sake of comprehensiveness, the information regarding them is provided below.

### Accents and Morae

Ancient Greek was a language that distinguished between long and short syllables. Recall that the letters omicron and epsilon always denote short vowels. Iota, alpha, and upsilon can denote either short or long versions, but the letters eta and omega are always long, and all the diphthongs are long, except that αι and οι are usually short at the end of a word. The difference between long and short vowel is the number of morae (singular: mora) it contains. A short vowel counts as one mora, and a long vowel counts as two. Here are basic rules of accentuation:
* Almost every Ancient Greek word has an accent, and the accent will always fall on one of the last three syllables. Examples: οὐ-δείς, Ἀ-σί-α, ἄν-θρω-πος.
* When a short vowel takes the acute accent, its pitch is rising. When a long vowel takes the acute, its second mora has a rising pitch. The mora immediately following has a falling pitch, even if it is on the next word.
* A circumflex can occur only over a long vowel. It indicates that the first mora has a rising pitch and the second a falling pitch. It is only allowed to occur on the last two syllables.
* The pronunciation of the grave accent is not precisely known. An acute accent on the last syllable (the ultima) changes into a grave unless the word stands last in its clause. The grave does not occur under any other circumstances. Example: ὁρ-ῶ αὐ-τό, but αὐ-τὸ ὁ-ρῶ.
* If the last syllable is long, the accent will not fall on the third last syllable (the antepenult). (This rule has exceptions, but don't worry about them right now.)
* If the second last syllable (the penult) is long and it takes the accent:
       The accent will be an acute if and only if the ultima is long. Examples: βαί-νω, σῴ-ζω
       The accent will be a circumflex if and only if the ultima is short. Examples: βαῖ-νε, σῷ-ζε
# Koine Greek/Authors
## Authors

1. Daniel Canaris
2. Peter Norcross
(please contribute!)
# Koine Greek/Preface

As you probably already know, Greek and English use different alphabets. Because of this, you need to download and install a Greek font to properly view any of the following pages. If you don't, they will appear as jibberish.
The font used throughout this textbook is SPIonic, a free font developed primarily for Biblical researchers. To download and install it, follow these simple instructions:
* Visit the Society of Biblical Literature's Biblical Fonts page. Scroll to the bottom of the page.
* The second item from bottom reads, in part, "SPIonic is a Greek font." Click the attached MAC or WIN button to download the zipped font file.
* When the download is complete, open the zip file. It should contain one file, named SPIONIC_.TTF. Copy the file into your system's fonts folder.
* To test the installation, open any page below. It may be necessary to completely close all browser windows before the font will display correctly.
Before you begin, a word on prerequisites. This course assumes no previous foreign language knowledge. As I mentioned above, learning a third or fourth language is usually easier than learning a second, but all this course presumes is English fluency.
I have tried to avoid rote memorization where possible, but the fact is that memorization is impossible to avoid completely. Rules of grammar, of accent, even the alphabet itself must simply be memorized. This is not as difficult as many people seem to think, however, and the text will try to provide helps where possible.
# Mario Kart DS/Nintendo WFC
## Nintendo WFC

Mario Kart DS was the first on-line Nintendo DS game. Though the official service is now discontinued, this section of the guide remains relevant for those using 3rd party servers, as well as a historical document.
In on-line mode you can race against up to four people from around the world.
There is a choice of four modes
* Regional: Race against people from your region
* Worldwide: Race against people from around the world
* Friends: Race against people on your friends list
* Rivals: Race against people with a similar ability as yourself
Once you select a mode the game will start searching for 3 other people to race against. If 3 people can not be found you may race against fewer people.

### Game Progress

The game takes place over four races. The player with the most points after the fourth race wins, but all characters can get wins and losses. You get one win for everybody you got more points than, but you also get one loss for everybody who gets more points that you. This makes it possible to get wins and losses at the same time. At this time players may choose to continue racing or quit. If two or more players choose to continue, a new game will begin with those players.

### Courses

Every player gets to select a course. The course selected by the most players is the course used. If there is a tie, the course used is chosen at random.
Several of the more complex and/or obstacle-ridden courses were disabled for online play due to possible latency issues. The courses available in on-line mode shown in these tables:
Nitro Grand Prix :
| # | Mushroom Cup | WFC | Flower Cup | WFC | Star Cup | WFC | Special Cup | WFC |
| 1 | Figure-8 Circuit | Yes | Desert Hills | Yes | DK Pass | Yes | Wario Stadium | Yes |
| 2 | Yoshi Falls | Yes | Delfino Square | Yes | Tick-Tock Clock | No | Peach Gardens | No |
| 3 | Cheep Cheep Beach | Yes | Waluigi Pinball | No | Mario Circuit | Yes | Bowser Castle | No |
| 4 | Luigi's Mansion | Yes | Shroom Ridge | No | Airship Fortress | No | Rainbow Road | Yes |
Retro Grand Prix :
| # | Origin | Shell Cup | WFC | Banana Cup | WFC | Leaf Cup | WFC | Lightning Cup | WFC |
| 1 | SNES | Mario Circuit 1 | Yes | Donut Plains 1 | No | Koopa Beach 2 | No | Choco Island 2 | Yes |
| 2 | N64 | Moo Moo Farm | Yes | Frappe Snowland | Yes | Choco Mountain | Yes | Banshee Boardwalk | No |
| 3 | GBA | Peach Circuit | Yes | Bowser Castle 2 | No | Luigi Circuit | No | Sky Garden | Yes |
| 4 | GCN | Luigi Circuit | Yes | Baby Park | Yes | Mushroom Bridge | No | Yoshi Circuit | Yes |
# Mario Party/About
## History of this Wikibook

This Wikibook was started on July 20th, 2021, initially consisting of imported Wikipedia content dating back to 2007.
# Mario Kart DS/Emblems

Mario Kart DS lets you design an emblem for your kart. This emblem is also used in online races.
You can create and edit your emblem by going to Options > Edit > Emblem > Paint. Emblems are 32x32 pixels in size.
# Mario Kart DS/Kart Stats

Each character starts out with two karts with similar, but still slightly different statistics. The karts are rated in the following categories:

## Acceleration

    How fast a kart can reach its top speed. A kart with higher acceleration will recover from being hit by an item faster.

## Speed

    A kart's maximum speed. Higher speeds are usually associated with less acceleration and handling.

## Handling

    How sharply a kart steers. Karts with higher handling rely on their turning ability rather than their drifting ability to steer through turns, leading to a lower drift stat.

## Weight

    How heavy a kart is. This stat is also affected by what character is driving the kart. Lightweights have high acceleration, low top speeds, and have the best off-road ability, but can suffer from being attacked or throttled by heavier characters. Heavyweights are recommended to be the fastest racers, but have terrible acceleration and terrible driving off-road. Middleweights are average in all their abilities. The heavier a kart is, the slower it drives off road. Being heavy has no use in Wi-Fi play, because you cannot bump players.

## Drift

    How hard a kart turns during a powerslide. Having a higher drift rating increases the tightness of the turns a kart can drift through, but decreases its ability to turbo boost on straightaways, a technique also known as "snaking." The higher your drift, the less your miniboosts last, and the less drift you have, the longer they last. This is why R.O.B-BLS, the kart, with low acceleration and low drift, has the third longest mini turbo in the game, only outclassed by the Standard RB and the R.O.B-LGS.

## Items

    High item stats give karts a higher chance of getting powerful items, as well as making items such as stars and Bullet Bills affect the player longer. How many mushrooms a player gets in time trial mode depends on his/her kart's item stat.
# Mario Party
## Contents
### Gameplay

* Boards
* Minigames
* Victory
* Characters

### Main Menu

* Mushroom Bank
* Mini-Game House
* Mini-Game Stadium
* Mini-Game Island

### Meta

* About
# Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Araminta Meliflua Black
## Overview

Araminta Meliflua was a pure-blood witch and a member of the Black Family. She is Walburga Black's cousin and apparently tried to pass a bill that would make it legal to hunt muggles.

## Role in the Books
### Order of the Phoenix

While looking at the Black Family tapestry, she is one of the names that Sirius points out to Harry. According to Sirius at some point she tried to pass a bill through the Ministry that would make muggle hunting legal.

## Relationships with Other Characters

Sirius views Araminta with contempt much like he does with the rest of the family.

## Analysis

Araminta Meliflua seems to have an especially strong hatred for muggles, even compared to the rest of the family. The fact that she tried to make it legal to hunt muggles shows us that she viewed them to a level almost similar to animals. The level of loathing she has towards muggles makes her sound almost like a Death Eater, though we have no evidence that she ever was one or even had anything to do with the organization.

## Questions

Study questions are meant to be left for each student to answer; please don't answer them here.
* Why do you think Araminta Black tried to pass the Muggle Hunting Law?
# Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Arnold
## Overview

Arnold is a purple Pygmy Puff, a miniature Puffskein. He is owned by Ginny Weasley.

## Role in the Books
### Half-Blood Prince

Ginny buys Arnold from her brothers Fred and George, at their Wizarding joke shop, Weasleys' Wizard Wheezes in Diagon Alley. He is very fluffy and Ginny describes him as "Really cute." Pygmy Puffs resemble little fluffy balls that roll around, squeak, and come in various shades of pink and purple. Luna Lovegood believes that all Pygmy Puffs sing on Boxing Day

## Analysis

Pygmy Puffs are actually rather curious examples of Fred and George's entrepreneurship. The Puffskein, from which the Pygmy Puff is apparently derived, is apparently a reasonably common Wizarding pet. The pygmy puff, a version unique to Fred and George, is made miniature and pastel shaded by some artifice of theirs, and seems designed for tween and teen girls.

## Questions

Study questions are meant to be left for each student to answer; please don't answer them here.
# Introductory Neutronics/Introduction

The subject of nuclear engineering is studied primarily by two groups of professionals:
* Radiation health physics professionals: those concerned with the medical applications of nuclear physics.
* Nuclear reactor physics professionals: those concerned with the physics of neutron, fission product, and radiation production and motion within nuclear reactors.
Radiation health physics is the broad term for the medical application of nuclear physics. Radiation health physics is also a science that does the following:
* analyzes the effects of radiation on biological systems.
* analyzes the use of radiation for the study of biological systems.
* recognizes, evaluates, and controls health hazards to permit the safe use and application of ionizing radiation.
Nuclear reactor physics is the branch of science that deals with the study and application of chain reaction to induce a controlled rate of fission within a nuclear reactor for the production of energy. Nuclear reactor physics is usually shortened to reactor physics. Reactor physics covers the following:
* the interaction of radioactive and non-radioactive inorganic substances.
* is primarily focused on the inducing and sustaining of nuclear chain reactions.
* is generally known as neutronics.
* also covers the transfer of heat and fluid in reactor systems.
The transfer of heat and fluid in reactor systems are critical for maintaining both safety and the physical viability of a nuclear chain reaction. This field of study is generally known as thermo- or fluid-dynamics and is covered by several other texts on wikibooks.
The primary purpose of neutronics is the study and description of the characteristics and distribution of the neutron population within a given volume or system. Because the neutron population is so large, and because calculations and measurements are so crude, this group of particles is generally described in terms of a continuous vector field. This means that calculations in nuclear engineering give values in terms of the average number of neutrons.
# Introspector/GccCpp
## Intro

The motivation for compiling the gcc with g++ is to allow for a fine tuned capture of information about the trees directly from the compiler. Currently, the access to the tree data structures are not wrapped as tightly as they could be. By using the c++ compiler we can monitor all read and write accesses to the tree nodes. that way we can isolate how they are used.
then we should be able to recreate a better and more well documented tree interface.
I have tried using java to compile the gcc source code, but it does not support operator overloading and makes you rework all types of things.
Here I have introduced a smart pointer for all the members. and a integer wrapper for the direct values.
At this point the bitfields are no longer optimized.
the next step would be to include the original tree definitions as the internal storage and use the wrapper for the public interface.
I have also replaced the central tree union as a base class.
The idea behind using classes instead of unions is this :
Later when we have reworked the parts, there should be no need for unions. The usage of virtual base classes and inheritance will remove the need for them.
we will need to do multiple iterations over the model before we get to the point that the gcc will run with a c++ compiled back end. It is sure to meet some critics, so we we keep the pages here until it is ready.
here is the consolidated header Introspector/GccCpp/mytypes.h]
Here is the edited tree header Introspector/GccCpp/tree.h
Here is the edited rtl header Introspector/GccCpp/rtl.h
Here is my current patch : Introspector/GccCpp/patch.diff
tree-dump.c/char class switch
tree-dump.c/test rtl
# Introductory Neutronics/Nuclear Processes

Though the exact nature of the atomic structure is still debated among physicists, for the purposes of designing and analyzing nuclear reactors, the "classic" model of an atomic nucleus (consisting of N neutrons and Z protons) surrounded by a cloud of electrons is sufficiently accurate. While the exact mechanism by which the neutrons and protons are bound together is irrelevant, it is important to note that (being electrically neutral) neutrons are not repelled by the strong positive electric field generated by the protons but are only attracted to the nucleus by the nuclear force which is strongly dependent on distance.
# Introspector/Compiler/AST

Abstract Syntax Trees are basically collections of facts in a program. a set of statements that cantain declarations, types, values, onstants.
They can be compared to graphs of data in RDF.
Trees basically are an intermediate representation of the program facts.
I hope to create a better tree representation for compilers using RDF.
# Introspector/GccCpp/mytypes.h

here is my new tree.h wrapper
# Norwegian/Contributors
## Contributors

* User:Couragepiece93
* User:Martin Kraus
* User:Swift
* User:H92
* User:EinarKramer
* User:German Men92
* User:DarkPhoenix
# Norwegian/Cover

Norsk ~ English
Learning the Norwegian Language
# Norwegian/Nationalities

In Norwegian, only the name of the country is considered a name, and thus capitalized. Nationalities and languages are written with lower case initials.
| English | (country) | (nationality) | (language) |
| | Land | Nasjonalitet | Språk |
| Norway | Norge | norsk | norsk |
| Sweden | Sverige | svensk | svensk |
| Finland | Finland | finsk | finsk |
| Denmark | Danmark | dansk | dansk |
| Iceland | Island | islandsk | islandsk |
| Britain | Storbritannia | britisk | engelsk |
| France | Frankrike | fransk | fransk |
| Spain | Spania | spansk | spansk |
| Germany | Tyskland | tysk | tysk |
| Poland | Polen | polsk | polsk |
| Austria | Østerrike | | |
| Switzerland | Sveits | | tysk, fransk, italiensk |
| Italy | Italia | italiensk | italiensk |
| Canada | Cananda | canadisk | engelsk og fransk |
| USA | USA | amerikansk | engelsk |
| Mexico | Mexico | meksikansk | spansk |
| Chile | Chile | chilenske | spansk |
| Agentina | Argentina | | spansk |
| Brazil | Brasil | | portugisisk |
| Australia | Australia | australsk | engelsk |
| Vietnam | Vietnam | vietnamesisk | vietnamesisk |
| Japan | Japan | japansk | japansk |
| China | Kina | kinesisk | kinesisk |
| Russia | Russland | russisk | russisk |
| India | India | inder | hindi, engelsk, og 16 andre språk |
| Pakistan | Pakistan | pakistansk | urdu |
| Afghanistan | Afghanistan | afghansk | pashto, dari |
| Iraq | Irak | - | arabisk, kurdisk |
| Latvia | Latvia | - | latvisk |
| Sudan | Sudan | - | arabisk |
| Estonia | Estland | - | estisk |
| Belgium | Belgia | - | nederlandsk, fransk, tysk |
| Colombia | Colombia | colombiansk | spansk |
| Ireland | Irland | irsk | irsk |
| South Africa | Sør-Afrika | sør-afrikansk | afrikaans |
| Romania | Romania | rumensk | rumensk |
| Serbia | Serbia | serbisk | serbisk |
| Ukraine | Ukraina | ukrainsk | ukrainsk |
| Turkey | Tyrkia | tyrkisk | tyrkisk |
| Indonesia | Indonesia | indonesisk | indonesisk |
Please add others with accuracy.