# Welsh/Mynediad/Lesson 1

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
* Be able to introduce yourself.
* Ask for someone's name.
* Ask how someone is.
* Respond to the question 'How are you?' in various ways.
* Ask what someone's occupation is
* Learn how to say what occupation you have

## Dialogue

| Welsh Conversation • Lesson 1 • audio (upload) Gwers 1 Lesson 1 |
| Glyn | Helo. Pwy ydych chi? |
| Catrin | Catrin ydw i. Beth yw eich enw chi? |
| Glyn | Glyn ydw i. Sut ydych chi? |
| Catrin | Iawn, diolch. A chi? |
| Glyn | Da iawn. Beth yw eich swydd chi? |
| Catrin | Athrawes ydw i. |
| Glyn | Iawn, meddyg ydw i. |

## Vocabulary

| Welsh Vocabulary • Lesson 1 • audio (upload) Gwers 1 Lesson 1 |
| Cymraeg | English |
| Helo | Hello |
| Pwy | Who |
| Chi | You (formal) |
| A/ac | And |
| Sut | How |
| Da | Good |
| Iawn | Fine; Very |
| Beth | What |
| Eich | Your (formal) |
| Enw | Name |
| Gwaith / Swydd | Job |
| Athrawes | Teacher (female) |
| Meddyg | Doctor |

## Introducing oneself

In the dialogue, Glyn asks Catrin,
* Pwy dach chi? or 'Who are you?'.
This is one way of asking who someone is. Another way is to ask for their name. Catrin asks,
* Beth ydy'ch enw chi? or 'What is your name?'
To respond, we can use the ydw i pattern. Just respond,
* [name] ydw i.
* e.g. Bob ydw i. (I'm Bob)
This will literally translate to '[name] am I', as the word order is slightly different than what you would say in English. In this sentence, (y)dw is the form of 'to be' and i means 'I' or 'me'. For right now, just learn these phrases parrot fashion until we deconstruct them in later lessons.
Another way to say who you are is,
* Fy enw i ydy [name]'
* e.g. Fy enw i ydy Bob. (My name is Bob)
Fy enw i ydy... translates to 'My name is...' As with all the other phrases on this page, just learn how to say it for now, before we deconstruct it in later lessons.

## How are you?

In the dialogue, we hear Sut dach chi? which means 'How are you?'. There are several possible ways to answer this question:
| Cymraeg | English |
| Bendigedig | Fantastic |
| Da iawn | Very good |
| Da | Good |
| Iawn | Fine |
| Dim yn ddrwg | Not bad |
| Ofnadwy | Awful |
If you notice, the word iawn follows da (good) to make 'very good'. Iawn by itself can mean 'fine', but after an adjective it can mean 'very'.
* mawr (big) ; mawr iawn (very big)
* prysur (busy) ; prysur iawn (very busy)

## What do you do?

To ask what someone's job is, you can use the phrase,
* Beth ydy'ch gwaith / swydd chi?
which means, 'What is your job?' You can respond using the dw i (am I) pattern from earlier. Insert the job title before dw i.
* Athro ydw i. (I'm a teacher.)
* Meddyg ydw i. (I'm a doctor.)
* Gwraig tŷ ydw i. (I'm a housewife.)
* Mecanic ydw i. (I'm a mechanic.)
Here are some more occupations you can use:
| Cymraeg | English |
| Actor | Actor |
| Actores | Actress |
| Ysgrifennydd | Secretary (m) |
| Ysgrifenyddes | Secretary (f) |
| Ffermwr | Farmer |
| Cyfreithiwr | Lawyer |
Note that in Welsh, there is no indefinite article (a, an). For example, in English, one would say:
* I am a doctor.
But in Welsh, there is no indefinite article. So meddyg means both 'doctor' and 'a doctor'. Instead, just use the word as it is:
* Meddyg ydw i. (I am a doctor.)

## Review

* Pwy dach chi? Who are you? (formal)
* Pwy wyt ti? Who are you? (informal)
* Beth ydy'ch enw chi? What is your name?
* [name] ydw i. I am [name].
* Beth ydy'ch gwaith / swydd chi? What do you do?
* [job] ydw i. I am a [job].
* Sut dach chi? How are you?
* There is no indefinite article in Welsh.
* Use iawn to mean 'very'. It goes after the adjective.