OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Radiation Oncology/Miscellaneous lymphoid

* Front Page: Radiation Oncology | RTOG Trials | Randomized Trials
Miscellaneous lymphoid disorders, including lymphoproliferative disorders.

## Castleman disease

Synonyms: angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, giant lymph node hyperplasia, lymphoid hamartoma, follicular lymphoreticuloma.
Clinically presents as lymphadenopathy with or without constitutional symptoms.
Pathology: is neither purely reactive nor purely neoplastic. Etiology is unclear. HHV-8 has been implicated.
Multicentric disease can be rapidly progressive with the potential for malignant transformation.
Surgery is standard of care for unicentric Castleman disease. RT can be used with doses around 40 Gy. Combination chemotherapy and steroids are used for multicentric Castleman disease.
Reviews:
* 2010 - PMID 20864917 Full text -- "Castleman Disease in the 21st Century: An Update on Diagnosis, Assessment, and Therapy" (van Rhee F, Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2010 July;8(7):486-98.)
* PMID 11505414, 2001 — "Treatment of unicentric and multicentric Castleman disease and the role of radiotherapy." Chronowski GM et al. Cancer. 2001 Aug 1;92(3):670-6.
# Radiation Oncology/Mortality

* Front Page: Radiation Oncology | RTOG Trials | Randomized Trials
Radiation Mortality
# Radiation Oncology/Multiple myeloma/Guidelines

Multiple Myeloma Official Guidelines
Classification, Diagnosis, and Staging
* International Myeloma Working Group: - Molecular classification of multiple myeloma
** 2009 PMID 19798094
* International Myeloma Working Group: - Consensus statement and guidelines regarding the current role of imaging techniques in the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple myeloma.
** 2009 PMID 19421229 PDF
* Criteria for diagnosis, staging, risk stratification and response assessment of multiple myeloma.
** 2009 PMID 18971951
* International Myeloma Working Group: - Guidelines for serum-free light chain analysis in multiple myeloma and related disorders.
** 2009 Official Guidelines PMID 19020545
* International Myeloma Working Group: - Criteria for the classification of monoclonal gammopathies, multiple myeloma and related disorders
** 2003 PMID 12780789
Allogenic Stem Cell Transplant
* International Myeloma Working Group: - Consensus Statement Regarding the Current Status of Allogeneic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma
** 2010 Official Guideline PMID 20697091
* International Myeloma Working Group: - Consensus statement and guidelines regarding the current status of stem cell collection and high-dose therapy for multiple myeloma and the role of plerixafor
** 2009 PMID 19554029
Treatment
* International Myeloma Working Group: - Recommendations for the treatment of multiple myeloma-related bone disease.
** 2013 PMID 23690408
* International Myeloma Working Group: - Guidelines for the management of multiple myeloma patients ineligible for standard high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation.
** 2009 PMID 19494840
MGUS
Response Criteria
* International Myeloma Working Group: - Consensus statement and guidelines regarding the current role of imaging techniques in the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple myeloma.
** 2009 PMID 19421229
* Criteria for diagnosis, staging, risk stratification and response assessment of multiple myeloma.
** 2009 PMID 18971951
* International uniform response criteria for multiple myeloma
** 2006 PMID 16855634
# Sport Innovation/Technology in NFL helmets/FAQ

FAQ:
When did testing on the helmets start?
Helmets began to be manufactured for public purchase towards the end of 2010. The 2011 season saw the beginning of populated usage within high school games for testing purposes.
How much weight does the technology add to the helmet?
It weighs 6 ounces and is quite similar to a foam pad with six sensors (OBrien, 2005).
Who is responsible for monitoring the impact data?
Riddell advertise the technology with the idea that the team doctor is responsible for managing the real time impacts through the laptop (Riddell, 2012). Obviously within each team dynamic the responsibility however will be unique to that team.
What is the most common helmet-related injury?
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is the most common head injury. It is caused by any blunt force trauma to the head and can result in minor bruising or severe degrees of concussion.
How sensitive are the accelerometers?
Due to the initial stages of testing the sensitivity of the accelerometers are still under development however by following the link below and scrolling to the bottom of the page the first initial data recorded is represented within a graph.
Home
Riddell Helmets
Conclussion
References
# Sport Innovation/Tennis Tournament Software

The Tennis Tournament Software offers technology solutions for tennis clubs and tournaments with the objective of making tennis administration as friendly-user and organized as possible. Simplifying the manager's workload allows full focus on the main event's priorities. Tennis organisations using this technological solution as a service include Tennis Australia.
As this software uses the same features as the Tournament Management Software, there are specific benefits tailored for the sport of tennis as enlisted below.
This tool allows tournament managers to create questions to retrieve any information needed from tennis players. Tailoring the entry form is possible by including the organisation's logo and inserting the form on the website in order to retain all web traffic.
Active Network offers their clients free publicizing for their tennis tournament as it is listed on their consumer website, Active.com, and in their online, searchable calendar, including a link to the tournament's registration form. The calendar listing is also optimized to appear on the first pages of search engines such as Google, Bing and Yahoo, being potentially exposed to millions of people around the world.
All major credit cards are securely processed online and registrants receive an immediate notification email after making their payment. Cancellations can be done and issue refunds, as well as partial payments and logging in later to pay the balance.
Active Network's clients can access real-time participant information from any computer device. In addition, financial report templates are provided with the option of creating tailored templates to send them to staff members.
Emails, newsletters and training tips can be distributed through Active's marketing tools, keeping tennis players engaged in the off-season and providing an update when registration becomes available in the new season.

## References

1. The Active Network (2011). Tennis Tournament Software. Retrieved from www.activenetwork.com.au/products/tennis-event-management-software.htm
Active Network in Action - Event management SaaS
# Sport Innovation/Technology in NFL helmets/Conclussion

Conclussion:
Whilst no helmet is completely concussion proof the latest technology emerging in the newest designs of the top two companies to produce NFL helmets is without a doubt gradually coming close. The emergence of new materials, and the incorporation of various industries knowledge and technology is seeing the risk of concussion amongst NFL players being reduced by the new helmets currently still in trial periods within the NFL.
Home
Riddell Helmets
FAQ
References
# Sport Innovation/Technology in NFL helmets/Riddell Helmets

Riddell Helmets:
Riddell has been the lead supplier of NFL helmets for multiple years now, and are leaders for innovation within the industry. Last year Riddell was awarded two of the three highest possible 5-star rankings in the latest Virginia Tech Helmet Ratings™. Whilst Riddell supply multiple different designs throughout the NFL, the latest technology they incorporate into their manufacturing of their designs is embedded within all pro helmets and includes (Riddell, 2012); images available at http://www.riddell.com/innovation/hits-technology/
Head Impact Telemetry System (HITS)
The MX encoder present within the helmet, is the electronic genius behind monitoring and recording impacts whilst being worn. This system measures the location, magnitude, direction and even duration of all impacts and then transmits the information to the wireless SRS (sideline, response system) (Riddell, 2012). The encoder doesn’t change the feel of the helmet and players are oblivious to wearing it (OBrien, 2005).
HITS is a head acceleration measurement system operating in real time. It contains six head mounted accelerometers and a RF-transceiver inside the helmet to record head impact not helmet impact severity(Gwin, Chu, & Greenwald, 2006).
This technology allows for easy and accurate sideline monitoring of on field collisions via wireless communication. This dual system allows coaches and medical staff with real time information that can identify potentially dangerous head impacts. It also allows for storage of the data to allow for a deeper understanding of the impact exposure profile of the athlete. This can also be used to manage lifetimes of helmets within circulation (Riddell, 2012). This twofold technology is still in the trial stages and is only seen within a handful of helmets within the NFL. Riddell has managed to record over 200,000 impacts so far and will continue to evaluate the technology in terms of the data it receives (Riddell, 2012). Data sideline moniters provide looks simalar to the photo found by following this link HITS data photo
Home
FAQ
Conclussion
References
# Sport Innovation/Technology in NFL helmets/References

References:
Beideman, D. (2010). Newer helmets designed to cushion the blow, Philadelphia Inquirer.
Fung, A. (2011). Football Helmet safety hits the hill. National Journal.
Gwin, J., Chu, R., & Greenwald, R. (2006). Head impact telemetry system TM for measurement of head acceleration in ice hockey.
Machine Design. (2011). Helmets go head-to-head in NFL testing. Machine Design,, 83(4), 22-24.
OBrien, B. (2005). Riddell sideline response system identifies head injuries through sensors in football helmet., Oklahoma City.
Riddell. (2012). Riddell Official helmet of the NFL, from http://www.riddell.com/
Vorro, B. (2011). Certified reconditioned helmets help protect football players. Waste and recycling news, 17(9).
Home
Riddell Helmets
FAQ
Conclussion
# Sport Innovation/Technology on- and off-field at the 2014 FIFA World Cup

INTRODUCTION TO TECHNOLOGY IN FOOTBALL (SOCCER)
Football (soccer) is a sport that has so far resisted the use of high-tech support on and off-field.
There is a range of new machineries developed to improve the game’s result and flow. A wireless technology is already in use and can adjudicate on off-side decisions such as whether a ball passes over the goal line; clarify penalty decisions, replays on big screens and with an off-field referee interconnecting with the umpires on the field; as many other possibilities to make the game clear.
However, FIFA’s decision of keeping technology away from the fields also has sustenance; the gaming can lose the characteristics and the World Game can suffer with changes and impacts still unknown, speculations arise the idea of threat the Game’s Magic.
While on-field technologies are easier to control and be banned from fields, off-field interaction indicates a long way to be adapted and soccer is no longer different. The use of Social Media for example is changing how supporters spectate the games and bringing place a more interactive communication channel.
Moreover, Sport Broadcasting suffered impacting changes in live and Online Streaming forcing FIFA and the major sporting events to adapt themselves to a new way of showcasing the matches.

##### ON-FIELD TECHNOLOGY

* Goal-line technology
* GPS Tracking

##### OFF-FIELD TECHNOLOGY

* Track Check
* Video Replay and Big Screen
* Social Media in Soccer
* Broadcasting
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Sheng Jiang

Sheng-Fresh Jiang-Ginger
Fresh Ginger Root
(Chinese name:生姜)
Taste & Temperature:
* Xin-Spicy
* Wen-Warm
Channels:
* Hand Tai Yin of Lung
* Foot Tai Yin of Spleen
* Foot Yang Ming of Stomach
Actions & Indications:
* disperse Wind-Cold (Warm & Spicy)
* warm the Lung, stop cough
* reduce the toxicity of Ban Xia, Tian Nan Xing
* harmonize Ying/Wei Qi
* warm the Middle Jiao, alleviate vomiting
Prepared forms of the herb:
* Sheng Jiang Pi (生姜皮) - diuretic
* Gan Jiang (干姜) - dried ginger root
Contraindications:
* Qi & Yin deficiency causing excessive sweating
* Lung Heat patterns
* vomiting due to Stomach Heat
Caution:
* Yin deficiency
* Blood deficiency
* chronic skin infection
Dosage: 1-3 qian (3-9 grams)
back to:
* TCM Materia Medica
* Xin Wen Jie Biao
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Shen Qi Wan

The formula Shen Qi Wan (also known as Ba Wei Wan, 八味丸), designed to warm and tonify kidney-yang, consists of the following:
| No. | Pinyin | Simplified Chinese | Grams |
| 1 | Shu Di Huang | 熟地黄 | 24 |
| 2 | Shan Yao | 山药 | 12 |
| 3 | Shan Zhu Yu | 山茱萸 | 12 |
| 4 | Ze Xie | 泽泻 | 9 |
| 5 | Fu Ling | 茯苓 | 9 |
| 6 | Mu Dan Pi | 牡丹皮 | 9 |
| 7 | Gui Zhi | 桂枝 | 3 |
| 8 | Fu Zi | 附子 | 3 |
back to:
* Warming And Nourishing Kidney Yang
* Formula Design
* Prescriptions
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Sheng Di Huang

Name Means:
* Sheng-Fresh
* Di-Earth or soil
* Huang-Yellow
English Name:
* rehmannia root
* Chinese foxglove root
Latin Name:
Chinese Name:
* 生地黄 (Simplified Chinese)
* 生地黃 (Traditional Chinese)
Chinese Pinyin: shēng dì huáng
Taste & Temperature:
* Gan-Sweet
* Ku-Bitter
* Han-Cold
Channels:
* Hand Shao Yin of Heart
* Foot Jue Yin of Liver
* Foot Shao Yin of Kidney
Actions & Indications:
* Clear Heat & Cool Blood, for Heat in Blood level
* nourish Yin
* nourish Yin/Blood and generates fluids
* used for wasting and thirsting disorder
* cool upward blazing Heart Fire
Contraindications:
* Spleen/Stomach deficiency with diarrhea
* Spleen deficiency with Damp
* Yang deficiency
* weak pregnant women with deficient Blood or deficient Spleen/Stomach
* should avoid onions, garlic, radishes
Dosage:

## NOTES

* ↑ WO/2008112561/20080918 COMBINATION THERAPY FOR ALLEVIATING PAIN-RELATED CONDITIONS CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS. World Intellectual Property Organization.
* ↑ (WO/2001/091770) COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATING EYE DISCOMFORT CONTAINING HERBALS AND/OR NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS AND/OR MINERALS AND/OR VITAMINS. World Intellectual Property Organization.
back to:
* Qing Re Liang Xue
* TCM Materia Medica
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Sheng Mai San

The formula Sheng Mai San, designed to replenish qi and promote production of body fluids, astringe yin and stop perspiration, consists of the following:
| No. | Pinyin | Simplified Chinese | Grams |
| 1 | Ren Shen | 人参 | 9 |
| 2 | Mai Men Dong | 麦门冬 | 9 |
| 3 | Wu Wei Zi | 五味子(北五味子) | 6 |
back to :
* Relieving Cough By Tonifying The Lung
* Formula Design
* Glossaries
* Prescriptions
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Sheng Yang Yi Wei Tang

The formula Sheng Yang Yi Wei Tang, designed to replenish qi and lift yang, remove dampness and strengthen the stomach, consists of the following:
| No. | Pinyin | Simplified Chinese | Grams |
| 1 | Huang Qi | 黄芪(膜荚黄芪) | 30 |
| 2 | Ban Xia | 半夏 | 9 |
| 3 | Ren Shen | 人参 | 9 |
| 4 | Gan Cao | 甘草 | 9 |
| 5 | Du Huo | 独活 | 9 |
| 6 | Fang Feng | 防风 | 9 |
| 7 | Bai Shao Yao | 白芍药 | 9 |
| 8 | Qiang Huo | 羌活 | 9 |
| 9 | Ju Pi | 橘皮(陈皮) | 6 |
| 10 | Fu Ling | 茯苓 | 6 |
| 11 | Chai Hu | 柴胡(北柴胡) | 6 |
| 12 | Ze Xie | 泽泻 | 6 |
| 13 | Bai Zhu | 白术 | 6 |
| 14 | Huang Lian | 黄连 | 30 |
| 15 | Sheng Jiang | 生姜 | 3 |
| 16 | Da Zao | 大枣 | 3 |
Source: Liu Gongwang, "Development of Formulas of Chinese Medicine", ISBN: 7-5080-2797-3. Huaxia Publishing House. 2002.
back to :
* Formula Design
* Prescriptions
* Usage Of Prescriptions
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Shi Gao

Name Means:
* Shi-Stone
* Gao-Paste
English Name:
Chinese Name:
Latin Name:
Taste & Temperature:
* Gan-Sweet
* Xin-Spicy
* very Han-Cold
Channels:
* Hand Tai Yin of Lung
* Foot Yang Ming of Stomach
Actions & Indications:
* Clear Heat & Purge Fire
* Big 4 symptoms of Qi level Heat (indicates invasion of Yang Ming):
** Big Fever
** Big Thirst (drink ice water)
** Big Sweating (Heat pushes sweat out)
** Big Pulse (very strong)
* clear Excess Lung Heat
* clear blazing Stomach Heat (for toothache)
* absorb exudation for eczema, burns, and ulcerated sores (calcined, topically)
Contraindications:
* Spleen/Stomach deficient Cold
* pulse is minute
* Yang deficiency
* Yin deficient Heat (b/c body weak)
Dosage:
* 3-10 qian (9-30 grams)
* up to 30 qian (90 grams)
Cooking:
* crush
* cook 30 minutes longer
back to:
* Qing Re Hie Hu
* TCM Materia Medica

## References

* ↑ Carl-Hermann Hempen, Toni Fischer. "Herbs that cool heat", A Materia Medica for Chinese Medicine (First Edition), 2009, Pages 110-263
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Sheng Fa Tang

The formula Sheng Fa Tang, designed to promote hair growth, replenish qi and blood, consists of the following:
| No. | Pinyin | Simplified Chinese |
| 1 | Zhi Shou Wu | 制首乌 |
| 2 | Sha Ren | 砂仁(阳春砂) |
| 3 | Shu Di Huang | 熟地黄 |
| 4 | Han Lian Cao | 旱莲草 |
| 5 | Nv Zhen Zi | 女贞子 |
| 6 | Gou Qi Zi | 枸杞子 |
| 7 | Xi Qian Cao | 稀签草 |
| 8 | Hei Zhi Ma | 黑芝麻 |
| 9 | Dang Shen | 党参 |
| 10 | Zhi Huang Qi | 炙黄芪 |
| 11 | Sang Shen Zi | 桑椹子 |
| 12 | Dang Gui | 当归 |
| 13 | E Jiao | 阿胶 |
| 14 | Bai Shao Yao | 白芍药 |
| 15 | Gui Yuan Rou | 桂圓肉 |
| 16 | Ju Pi | 橘皮(陈皮) |
| 17 | Zhi Gan Cao | 炙甘草 |
| 18 | Xiao Hong Zao | 小红枣 |
back to :
* Formula Design
* Glossaries
* Prescriptions
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Sheng Fa Yin

The formula Sheng Fa Yin, designed to nourish kidney-yin, enrich blood, supplement essence, darken hair and address insomnia, consists of the following:
| No. | Pinyin | Simplified Chinese |
| 1 | Sheng Di Huang | 生地黄 |
| 2 | Shu Di Huang | 熟地黄 |
| 3 | Dang Gui | 当归 |
| 4 | Ce Bai Ye | 侧柏叶 |
| 5 | Hei Zhi Ma | 黑芝麻 |
| 6 | He Shou Wu | 何首乌 |
back to :
* Formula Design
* Glossaries
* Prescriptions
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Sheng Ma

Name Means:
* Sheng-Ascending
* Ma-Hemp
English Name:
* cimicifuga rhizome
* bugbane rhizome
* black cohosh rhizome
Chinese Name:
Latin Name:
Taste & Temperature:
* Xin-Spicy
* Gan-Sweet
* Liang-Cool
Channels:
* Hand Tai Yin of Lung
* Hand Yang Ming of Large Intestine
* Foot Tai Yin of Spleen
* Foot Yang Ming of Stomach
Actions & Indications:
* disperse Wind-Heat (Spicy & Cool)
* raise Yang Qi
* lower or sink the qi in the Middle Jiao
* clear heat & detoxify
* release rashes
Contraindication:
* Qi & Yin deficiency causing excessive sweating
* Yin deficiency with Heat
* upper excess & lower deficiency
* fully-erupted measles
* difficulty in breathing
Caution:
* Yin deficiency
* Blood deficiency
* chronic skin infection
Dosage:
back to:
* Xin Liang Jie Biao
* TCM Materia Medica

## Notes

* ↑ J.X. Li, J. Liu, C.C. He, Z.Y. Yu, Y. Du, S. Kadota, H. Seto. "Triterpenoids from Cimicifugae rhizoma, a novel class of inhibitors on bone resorption and ovariectomy-induced bone loss", Maturitas, Volume 58, Issue 1, 20 September 2007, Pages 59-69
# Traditional Chinese Medicine/Sheng Hua Tang

The formula Sheng Hua Tang, designed to promote blood circulation to remove blood stasis, especially during postpartum retention of lochia due to deficiency of blood and pain in the lower abdomen, consists of the following:
| No. | Pinyin | Simplified Chinese | Grams |
| 1 | Dang Gui | 当归 | 9 |
| 2 | Chuan Xiong | 川芎 | 6 |
| 3 | Tao Ren | 桃仁 | 9 |
| 4 | Pao Jiang | 炮姜 | 3 |
| 5 | Zhi Gan Cao | 炙甘草 | 3 |
back to:
* Removing Stasis By Activating Blood Flow
* Formula Design
* Prescriptions
# Sensory Systems/Olfactory System/Introduction

Probably the oldest sensory system in nature, the olfactory system concerns the sense of smell. The olfactory system is physiologically strongly related to the gustatory system, so that the two are often examined together. Complex flavors require both taste and smell sensation to be recognized. Consequently, food may taste “different” if the sense of smell does not work properly (e.g. head cold).
Generally the two systems are classified as visceral sense because of their close association with gastrointestinal function. They are also of central importance while speaking of emotional and sexual functions.
Both taste and smell receptors are chemoreceptors that are stimulated by molecules soluted respectively in mucus or saliva. However these two senses are anatomically quite different. While smell receptors are distance receptors that do not have any connection to the thalamus, taste receptors pass up the brainstem to the thalamus and project to the postcentral gyrus along with those for touch and pressure sensibility for the mouth.
In this article we will first focus on the organs composing the olfactory system, then we will characterize them in order to understand their functionality and we will end explaining the transduction of the signal and the commercial application such as the eNose.
# Sensory Systems/Neurosensory Implants/Visual Implants
## Other Visual Implants

In addition to the stimulation of the retina, also other elements of the visual system can be stimulated

### Stimulation of the Optic Nerve

With cuff-electrodes, typically with only a few segments.
Advantages:
* Little trauma to the eye.
Challenges:
* Not very specific.

### Cortical Implants

Dr. Mohamad Sawan, Professor and Researcher at Polystim neurotechnologies Laboratory at the Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, has been working on a visual prosthesis to be implanted into the human cortex. The basic principle of Dr. Sawan’s technology consists in stimulating the visual cortex by implanting a silicium microchip on a network of electrodes made of biocompatible materials and in which each electrode injects a stimulating electrical current in order to provoke a series of luminous points to appear (an array of pixels) in the field of vision of the sightless person. This system is composed of two distinct parts: the implant and an external controller. The implant lodged in the visual cortex wirelessly receives dedicated data and energy from the external controller. This implantable part contains all the circuits necessary to generate the electrical stimuli and to oversee the changing microelectrode/biological tissue interface. On the other hand, the battery-operated outer control comprises a micro-camera which captures the image as well as a processor and a command generator which process the imaging data to select and translate the captured images and to generate and manage the electrical stimulation process and oversee the implant. The external controller and the implant exchange data in both directions by a powerful transcutaneous radio frequency (RF) link. The implant is powered the same way. (Wikipedia )
Advantages:
* Much larger area for stimulation: 2° radius of the central retinal visual field correspond to 1 mm² on the retina, but to 2100 mm² in the visual cortex.
Challenges:
* Implantation is more invasive.
* Parts of the visual field lie in a sulcus and are very hard to reach.
* Stimulation can trigger seizures.