OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pinyin/Liver failure

Search Pinyin failure
The fact that the liver is no longer able to perform its function is called Liver failure or Hepatic failure. These functions include the synthesis of proteins. It is also part of the metabolism. The failure can either be acute or chronic.
Gānzàng bù nénggòu zhíxíng tā d gōngnéng chēngwéi gānshuāijié. Zhèxiē gōngnéng bāokuò dànbái d héchéng, yěshì xīnchéndàixiè d yībùfèn. Gānshuāijié kěyǐ shì jíxìng huò mànxìng d.
# Pinyin/Living

Search living
Living
I always ask myself, why one should live.
Nonsense, everyone have survival instinct. Even ants.
But what I say is not this, people come and go, ought to leave behind something.
What I have that are worth leaving behind.
Yes, what I have that are worth leaving behind.
Huózhe
Wǒ jīngcháng wèn zìjǐ, zìjǐ weihshern'me huózhe.
Fèihuà, rénrén dōu yǒu qiúshēngyù ma. Mǎyǐ dōu yǒu.
Dànshì wǒ shuō de bùshì zhège, rén lái le, yǒu zǒu le, zǒngdé liúxià diǎn shénme ba.
Wǒ yǒu shénme zhídé liúxià de ya.
Shì ya, yǒu shénme zhídé liúxià de ya.
# Pinyin/Live longer

See also
# Pinyin/Live together

See also
# Pinyin/Little birds

Search Pinyin bird
Little birds
Little birds fly and fly, passing through sky and clouds. Little birds fly and fly, fly onto treetops to chirp, is like saying the arrival of spring.
xiaaoniaao
xiaaoniaao xiaaoniaao fei 'ya fei, feiguoh larntian her bairyurn. xiaaoniaao xiaaoniaao fei 'ya fei, feishahng shuhshao ji-ji-jiaoh, haaoxiahng shuo chuntian daoh le.
# Pinyin/Liver

See also
Liver is the organ of vertebrates (including humans). It is the organ of the main metabolic functions in the body，which used for detox, glycogen storage, secretory protein synthesis, and so on. The liver also makes bile in the digestive system. Most of the liver diseases have jaundice, which is because the liver is unable to continue the discharge of bilirubin, therfore bilirubin is accumulated in the body.
Gānzàng shì jǐzhuīdòngwù (bāokuò rénlèi) de qìguān. Tā shì shēntǐnèi yǐ dàixiè gōngnéng wéizhǔ de qìguān, yòngyú páidú, chǔcún gāntáng, fēnmìxìng dànbáizhì héchéng děngděng. Gānzàng yě zhìzào xiāohuà xìtǒng zhōng de dǎnzhī. Dàbùfèn de gānzàng jíbìng dōu huì yǒu huángdǎn zhèngzhuàng, zhè shì yóuyú gānzàng bùnéng jìxù bǎ dǎnhóngsù páichū suǒyǐ zài tǐnèi lěijī.
# Learning anatomy/Ureter
## Anatomy

The parts of the ureter are the abdominal ureter, pelvic ureter, and intravesical or intramural ureter.

## Function

The ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
# Learning anatomy/Urinary bladder
## Anatomy

The bladder or urinary bladder is made up of the dome or apex, neck, body, and fundus. The bladder is between the ureter and urethra.

## Function

The detrusor muscle expands when filled with urine. Then the nerve signals tell the brain that you need to run to the bathroom. When emptying, the detrusor muscle squeezes the urine to the urethra. Check out the urethra page to learn more. Make sure to read the kidney, nephron, and ureter pages too.
# Learning number theory with Gauß

This wikibook is based on Gauß' Disquisitiones Arithmeticae. It will cover all content of the book of Gauß', but it will be punctually extended for one of two reasons: a) The extension is part of a modern number theory education, or b) the extension connects Gauß' work to more recent additions to mathematics. The former aspect (and actually the latter too) is of importance since we want this wikibook to be usable as a textbook for number theory. Furthermore, we strive to include the largest possible number of proofs. On occasion, we will add 'nice' theorems for their aesthetic value.
* Congruent numbers
* Prime factorisation
* Greatest common divisor, least common multiple
* Continued fractions
* Linear equations
* Systems of linear equations
* Euler's totient function
# Learning anatomy/Throat
## Pharynx
### Anatomy

The pharynx is made up of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.

### Function

The pharynx brings food from the oral cavity to the esophagus. The pharynx also brings air from the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx.

## Larynx
### Anatomy

The parts of the larynx are the epiglottis, thyroid, cricoid, arytenoids, cuniform, corniculates, infrahyoid, suprahyoid, thyrohyoid membrane, lateral thyrohyoid ligament, quadrangular membrane, cricothyroid ligament complex, and posterior cricoarytenoid ligament.

### Function

The larynx helps in speech. The larynx moves air from the pharynx to the trachea. The epiglottis prevents food from entering the airway.
# Learning anatomy/Urethra
## Anatomy

Male and female urethras are different.

### Male

The first thing at the bottom of the urethra is called the penis. Then there is the spongy urethra and then there is the membranous urethra. The prostatic urethra is last.

### Female

The parts of the female urethra are the muscular, erectile, and mucous parts but no penis.

## Function

The internal urethral sphincter opens itself. The external sphincter is what we control to open and when that sphincter is open it goes into the toilet. It passes through the penis in men.
# Learning the vi Editor

The above text is a little example of how the vi editor's screen looks.

## Contents

* Getting acquainted (Jan 11, 2005)
* Basic tasks (Jan 11, 2005)
* Making your work easier (Jan 11, 2005)
* Advanced tasks (Jan 11, 2005)
* Details (Jan 11, 2005)
* Vi clones (Feb 7, 2005)
** Vim (Feb 7, 2005)
*** Basic navigation (Nov 1, 2006)
*** Modes (Nov 1, 2006)
*** Tips and Tricks (Nov 1, 2006)
*** Useful things for programmers to know (Nov 1, 2006)
*** Enhancing Vim (Nov 1, 2006)
*** External Scripts (March 24, 2010)
*** VimL Script language (Nov 1, 2006)
*** Vim on Windows (June 1, 2008)
*** Vim Touch
** vile (May 28, 2006, just a stub)
** BusyBox vi (May 28, 2006, just a stub)
* vi Reference (Nov 7, 2005)

### Appendices

* Navigation
* Acknowledgements

## See also

* Vim

## Links

* http://thomer.com/vi/vi.html
# Learning anatomy/Test
## Quiz

You have random organs. You have to type the name. You also have to describe if the the the organ is needed to live. Your score will be on Wednesday. Answers will be cleared 10 days after being scored so other people can answer. Please edit visually. Please put your user name so that I know who did it. First, I will read your user page and then give you a score. I will remind you that you need to put your user name if you didn't. I will also put it on your talk page in case you forget.
# Learning anatomy/Venule

Cardiovascular system
* Heart
* Artery
* Arteriole
* Capillary
* Venule
* Vein
_______________________________________________________________________

## Anatomy

The venules are made up of the intima, media, and adventitia.

## Function

The venules move blood from the capillaries to the veins.
# Learning anatomy/Vein

Cardiovascular system
* Heart
* Artery
* Arteriole
* Capillary
* Venule
* Vein
_______________________________________________________________________
Capillary - Venule

## Anatomy

Just like the other blood vessels, the parts of the vein are the intima, media, and adventitia.

## Function

Oxygen has been used so it travels back to the heart through the veins.
# Pinyin/Earth's crust

Earth's crust is the hard outer layer of the Earth.
dihqiaoh shih Dihqiur de jianyihng waihcerng.
# Pinyin/Earth science

Search earth
Search science
Earth science refers to all sciences studying the earth, it is a specialized branch of planetary science. Various subjects usually base on their views to study the earth, such as physics, geography, geology, meteorology, mathematics, chemistry, biology. It is closely related to human life, such as the gold and diamond jewelries wearing by people, are all mineral resources from the earth; the materials of sand, stone and cement used for building, are also come from the earth; seafoods are caught mostly from the seas; temperature changes affect the life seriously; and the earth motion always affects us. Therefore, earth science is a very basic and important subject.
Dìqiú kēxué shì zhǐ yīqiè yánjiū dìqiú de kēxué, shì xíngxīng kēxué de zhuānmén fēnzhī. Gè xuékē tōngcháng huì yǐ wùlǐ, dìlǐ, dìzhì, qìxiàng, shùxué, huàxué, shēngwù de jiǎodù yánjiū dìqiú. Tā hé rénlèi de shēnghuó xīxīxiāngguān, rénmen shǒu shàng suǒ dài de huángjīn shìpǐn hé zuànshí, dōu shì láizì dìqiú de kuàngchǎn zīyuán; gài fángzi suǒ yòng de shā, shí, shuǐní, qí yuánliào yěshì láizì dìqiú; suǒ chī de yú-xiā, dàdōu qǔ-zì hǎiyáng; qìwēn biànhuà yánzhòng yǐngxiǎng shēnghuó; dìqiú de yùnxíng, yě shíshíkèkè yǐngxiǎngzhe wǒmen. Yīncǐ, dìqiú kēxué shì yīgè hěn jīchǔ, hěn zhòngyào de xuékē.
# Pinyin/Earth's core

Earth's core is the central part of the Earth.
dihher shih Dihqiur de zhongxin buhfehn.
# Pinyin/East Asia

See also
# Pinyin/Earth

Search Pinyin Earth
The Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only planet known to have life. The Earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago. It is one of four rocky planets in the Solar System. The other three are Mercury, Venus, and Mars.
Dihqiur shih dih-3 kaohjihn Taihyarng d xirngxing, weiryi yiizhi yoou shengmihng, yue 45 yih niarn qiarn xirngcherng; shih Taihyarngxih 4'g yarnshir xirngxing zhiyi, lihngwaih 3'g shih Shuiixing, Jinxing her Huooxing.
The huge attractive force of the Sun makes the Earth to move around the Sun, it is called revolution. The Earth also moves around itself, it is called rotation. The time for one revolution is called a year, for one rotation is called a day.
Taihyarng d juhdah yiinlih shii Dihqiur weirraao Taihyarng yuhnxirng, jiaohzuoh gongzhuahn. Dihqiur yee weirraao zihzii yuhnxirng, jiaohzuoh zihzhuahn. 1-cih gongzhuahn d shirjian jiaohzuoh 1 niarn, 1-cih zihzhuahn d jiaohzuoh 1 rih.
The attractive force of the Earth makes the Moon to move around the Earth. The Moon is the only satellite of the Earth, it reflects sunlight to the Earth and its attractive force affects the tides of the Earth.
Dihqiur d yiinlih shii Yuehqiur weirraao Dihqiur yuhnxirng. Yuehqiur shih Dihqiur d weiryi weihxing, ta faansheh yarngguang zhih Dihqiur, ta d yiinlih yiingxiaang Dihqiur d chaorxi.
The Earth is the only planet in the Solar System that has a big quantity of liquid water. About 70% of the surface of the Earth is covered by oceans. Because the Earth has water, it has living things.
Dihqiur shih Taihyarngxih weiryi yoou dahliahng yehtii shuii d xirngxing, ta d biaaomiahn yue 70% shih haaiyarng. youryur yoou shuii, Dihqiur jiuh yoou shengwuh.
# Pinyin/East

See also
# Pinyin/Earthquake

Search earthquake
Search earth
An earthquake is a violent movement of the Earth's crust.
dihzhehn shih dihqiaoh de juhlieh yuhndohng.
The time of each earthquake is very short, but may repeat over a long period of time.
meei cih dihzhehn de shirjian heen duaan, dahn charng shirjian huih yoou yurzhehn.
It is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust. This creates earthquake waves, waves of energy that travel through the Earth.
yuarnyin shih dihqiaoh lii de nerngliahng turarn shihfahng, chaansheng zhehnbo chuarn daoh dihmiahn.
# Medal of Honor: Frontline/Cheats

Before you read the following cheats, I strongly recommend you don't use them until you have completed the game, it is far more satisfying to clear it yourself. Anyways:

### Level Passwords

* Campaign 1, Mission 1 - ORANGUTAN
* Campaign 2, Mission 1 - BABOON
* Campaign 3, Mission 1 - CHIMPNZEE
* Campaign 4, Mission 1 - LEMUR
* Campaign 5, Mission 1 - GORILLA

### Movie Cheats

* Making of Prologue - BACKSTAGEO
* Making of Campaign 2 - BACKSTAGER
* Making of Campaign 3 - BACKSTAGEF
* Making of Campaign 4 - BACKSTAGEI
* Making of Campaign 5 - BACKSTAGES
* Paintball - MAGGOTAHOY
* Animation - ANIMREEL

### Other Cheats

* MOHton Torpedo -Fire Photon Torpedos instead of bullets - TPDOMOHTON
* Silver Bullet - One shot kills - WHATYOUGET
* Bullet Shield - Invincibility - BULLETZAP
* Perfectionist - Single shot kills you - URTHEMAN
* Achilles Head - Only head-shots kill - GLASSJAW
* Men With Hats - Germans wear strange hats or big heads - HABRDASHR
* Invisible Enemy - Gives you invisible enemies. - WHERERU
* Snipe-o-Rama - All weapons have scopes - LONGSHOT
* Rubber Grenades - They bounce like mad! - BOING
* Others:
   * Free gold star for level, but start next with no weapons - MONKEY
   * Get gold star on previous level to the one you are on now - TIMEWARP
   * Invincibility - Pause the game and press, Square, L1, O, R1, Triangle, L2, Select, R2
# Medal of Honor: Frontline/Difficulty Levels

There are three different difficulty settings for the game they are as follows (as per game):
Easy - Player is a skilled marksman and can heal fully between missions. Enemies are new recruits.
Normal - Players and enemies are evenly matched and some healing occurs between missions.
Hard - Your enemies are truly dangerous and no healing occurs between levels.
# Medal of Honor: Frontline

This is a guide to the highly popular PlayStation 2 game - Medal of Honor: Frontline. This guide was originally written for Gamefaqs.com by CGorman, but they decided to make it freely available to be edited by anyone on Wikibooks. Please add to it if you have any further knowledge of the game or spot mistakes. Hopefully, this being the first guide for a PlayStation 2 game on Wikibooks, will encourage others to add new guides for other titles.

## Table of Contents

1. The Basics
    Weapons
    Medals and Stars
    Difficulty Levels
    Enemy Bios
    Walkthrough Notes
2. The Walktroughs
    Prologue: D-Day
    Campaign 1: A Storm in the Port
    Campaign 2: Needle in a Haystack
    Campaign 3: Several Bridges too Far
    Campaign 4: Rolling Thunder
    Campaign 5: The Horten's Nest
3. Tips/Further Information
    Strategies and Tips
    Secrets
    Cheats
    Glitches
    Q&A
    Bored? Try these!
    Getting a Gold Star - Level by Level
    Websites
    Rest in Series

## Notes

* This game is set in World War 2, from an Allied point of view. Sometimes phrases like 'shoot the German beside the door', 'Kill the Nazi behind the barrel', or 'the enemies beside the barn' are used. These are used solely to help players win the game - and they are not intended to cause offense to Germans, Germany or any one with German friends/relatives.
* Some cheats and tips in this guide are intended for the PlayStation 2 version only.
# Medal of Honor: Frontline/Bored? Try these!

I have heard several people say there is no replay value in this game, well there is, so here's a list of things to do if you're bored.
* Try clearing the game in all 3 difficulties.
* Try clearing every level with a gold - in all 3 difficulties!
* Try to get all the medals.
* See how high you can get your accuracy overall the levels.
* See how far you can get using only a pistol (or rifle in D-Day)
* See how quick you can clear the game.
* See how many levels you can clear without getting an extra health item (Field Surgeon Pack, Medical Kit, Medical Canteen)
* See how far you can get by only whacking people with your gun!
* See how far you can get without shooting or killing any enemies!
* Try to finish all levels without an Ally dying
* Take out all tanks without Machine gun
* Flush all the toilets
* Have a group of enemies play "Chasey" with you throughout the level
* Beat the level in the fastest possible time
* Get 100% Accuracy
* Get only head shots and severely beat all Civilians!
# Models and Theories in Human-Computer Interaction/Limitations of the Diffusion of Innovation Model

Diffusion of Innovations, while useful in sociological studies due to the fact that it is well equipped at looking at the broad picture, is not a very good model for smaller scale concerns. As the Business Insights article says, "Thus far, relatively little research has investigated personal characteristics of individual actors as modulators of adoption of innovations." It came about after a study on Iowa farmers adopting hybrid-corn and was then adapted after repeated use in other areas. It has successfully been used to model many other large scale studies like agricultural practices, political reforms, and fertility-control methods as just some examples, but they’re all rather large, societal views.
How useful would it be to apply it to an office that is trying to give its employee base new technology. How well would it determine adoption by say, a group of 20-40 people in a workplace environment? On such a scale, I think individual characteristics play a more important role and Diffusion of Innovations’ categories of adopters and characteristics of technology are insufficient in predicting behavior in such small environments and would therefore not be useful to someone that might be designing something for a business.
# Models and Theories in Human-Computer Interaction/Is Technology helpful?

Activity Theory (AT) is indeed a thought provoking theory. It is indeed a descriptive theory. There are many different ways the parts of the activity system may play out so I think of AT as a behavioral descriptive framework. Although, I have to admit, the chapter on AT in Carroll's was a bit of a hard read; it was very abstract, and the example of the Colored Petri Nets (CPN) did't help much given that the object as well as the outcome of the tool is beyond my knowledge. Therefore, I can say I only understand the basic idea of the theory at this point.
Two things about the theory I felt were powerful and very true according to my experience. One, a tool is only good according to how useful it is within the context of the problem space it is being used. In other words, a tool is a solution. It is very common in my profession of software development where the business will ask us to design a tool such that it does X, Y, and Z. Now, they are not explaining the problem space; they are asking for a solution. Meaning, maybe their is non-technological way of solving the problem, or maybe only a subset of what is being asked for makes sense. More than the problem space (the object in AT), there is the context of people and processes that surround the tool. This is articulated quite well by AT. And all of which play into how to useful the tool will be and in implementing the best design.
Two, the notion of systemic contradictions (or tensions) within the activity system is very true. An example of this is when multiple tools are available to work on the same object (e.g., programming environments) but only a few of them are allowed according to the rules of the community (e.g., the organization). The tools are creating tension, such that the subject is not sure which tool to use given the rules in place. Now, what usually happens is either the developers will force the issue and the rules are changed or the owner's of the rules will remove the tools not allowed.
I love how this theory helps answer the question: is this technology helpful? It identifies the variables that participate in that answer.
# Models and Theories in Human-Computer Interaction/Is This Technology Helpful?

Activity Theory (AT) is indeed a thought provoking theory. It is indeed a descriptive theory. There are many different ways the parts of the activity system may play out so I think of AT as a behavioral descriptive framework. Although, I have to admit, the chapter on AT in Carroll's was a bit of a hard read; it was very abstract, and the example of the Colored Petri Nets (CPN) did't help much given that the object as well as the outcome of the tool is beyond my knowledge. Therefore, I can say I only understand the basic idea of the theory at this point.
Two things about the theory I felt were powerful and very true according to my experience. One, a tool is only good according to how useful it is within the context of the problem space it is being used. In other words, a tool is a solution. It is very common in my profession of software development where the business will ask us to design a tool such that it does X, Y, and Z. Now, they are not explaining the problem space; they are asking for a solution. Meaning, maybe their is non-technological way of solving the problem, or maybe only a subset of what is being asked for makes sense. More than the problem space (the object in AT), there is the context of people and processes that surround the tool. This is articulated quite well by AT. And all of which play into how useful the tool will be and in implementing the best design. The worst thing that could happen is to introduce a tool that makes it harder for the subject to reach their objective.
Two, the notion of systemic contradictions (or tensions) within the activity system is very true. An example of this is when multiple tools are available to work on the same object (e.g., programming environments) but only a few of them are allowed according to the rules of the community (e.g., the organization). The tools are creating tension, such that the subject is not sure which tool to use given the rules in place. Now, what usually happens is either the developers will force the issue and the rules are changed or the owner's of the rules will remove the tools not allowed.
I love how this theory helps answer the question: is this technology helpful? It identifies the variables that participate in that answer.
# Models and Theories in Human-Computer Interaction/Keeping the Conversation Going

A technology such as WikiBook lends itself to the creation of a medium that allows great input not only into the creation of content but also the manner in which that content is created and organized. In a pre-computer world dominated by board rooms and face-to-face meetings, it was simple to offer up information and work together as a group to compile information. The responses were immediate and actionable. As technology and electronic communication improved, however, the ability to isolate oneself and essentially work in a vacuum increased as well. The idea of Activity Theory does a great job of showing how the idea of WikiBook can continue the same effectiveness as dealing with each other in-person. This post will focus on three of the main points of Activity Theory:

### Focus on Work Practice

When WikiBook was created, the emphasis was on specifically NOT telling users how to input content. Yes, there are very few strict rules about structure and some even looser rules regarding what is considered acceptable content, but generally, you can enter any type of information you want. The content is continually being reviewed for objectionable content, and certain ‘power users’ have the ability to reject parts or all of a user’s contribution.

### Focus on Many Users

In direct contrast to a user blog, WikiBook welcomes content from multiple users. Programmers focus their energy on creating the best product and reviewing feedback to fit this unique niche. WikiBook, in this case, is the “mediator of human activity” and it is imperative the product be powerful and intuitive for the easiest possible use.

### Focus on Active User Participation

As commented earlier, WikiBook has very loose guidelines regarding the creation of a page. A page can range from a very simple one- or two-sentence summary all the way up to a complex page loaded with pictures, audio clips, videos, and more. User are encouraged to learn the language and come up with their own ways of making their content educational and visually-appealing.

### Conclusion

These three points come together to assist WikiBook in mimicking a face-to-face conversation very well. With the ability to add content and receive immediate feedback, WikiBook allows users from all over the world to interact as if they were in the same room.
# Models and Theories in Human-Computer Interaction/Intertwined Systems

Human computer interactive tools like Wikibooks is an empowering platform allowing individual input enabling greater contribution to a body of knowledge that might not have been available otherwise. The personal contribution provides ownership in the subject matter and positive stress to provide a quality contribution increasing the value of the collective product.
The Activity Theory supports contributing to a collective endeavor, which is represented by Leontiev’s embedded triangles: Subject-Object-Community and Instruments-Rules-Division of Labor. Computer collaborative platforms provide opportunities for individual people to contribute in an endeavor resulting in the advancement of every conceivable subject.