OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# False Friends of the Slavist/Ukrainian-Slovenian
## Українська мова — Slovenščina

| Ukr. ворог Sln. sovražnik ‘enemy’ Sln. vrag Ukr. чорт ‘devil, demon’ | map |
| Ukr. грати 1. igrati ‘to play (a game)’ 2. igrati ‘to play (music)’ Sln. igrati 1. грати ‘to play (a game)’ 2. грати ‘to play (music)’ 3. виконувати роль ‘to play (theatre)’ | map |
| Ukr. жито Sln. rž ‘rye’ Sln. žito Ukr. збіжжя ‘grain, cereals, (Br.) corn’ | map |
| Ukr. жінка Sln. žena, ženska ‘woman’ Sln. žena 1. жінка ‘woman’ 2. дружина ‘wife’ | map |
| Ukr. край 1. kraj ‘edge’ 2. kraj ‘end’ 3. kraj ‘region’ 4. zemlja, dežela ‘country’ Sln. kraj 1. край ‘edge’ 2. край ‘end’ 3. край ‘region’ | map |
| Ukr. лист 1. list ‘sheet of paper’ 2. list ‘leaf’ 3. pismo ‘letter’ Sln. list 1. лист ‘sheet of paper’ 2. лист ‘leaf’ | map |
| Ukr. лікарня Sln. bolnica ‘hospital’ Sln. lekarna Ukr. аптека ‘chemist’s, pharmacy’ | map |
| Ukr. літо Sln. poletje ‘summer’ Sln. leto 1. рік ‘year (in the sg.)’ 2. рік (30 років) ‘year (in the plural), e.g. 30 years’ | map |
| Ukr. наглий 1. nagel ‘sudden’ 2. predrzen, nesramen ‘naughty’ Sln. nagel 1. наглий ‘sudden’ 2. швидкий, бистрий ‘fast, quick’ 3. різкий, поспішний ‘vehement, hasty’ | map |
| Ukr. пара 1. para ‘steam’ 2. par ‘pair’ 3. nekaj ‘a couple of, some’ Sln. para Ukr. пара ‘steam’ | map |
| Ukr. південь Sln. jug ‘south’ Sln. poldan Ukr. полудень ‘noon’ | map |
| Ukr. північ 1. polnoč ‘midnight’ 2. sever ‘north’ Sln. polnoč Ukr. північ ‘midnight’ | map |
| Ukr. повість Sln. roman ‘novel’ Sln. povest Ukr. оповідання ‘legend’ | map |
| Ukr. просто 1. prosto ‘simple, simply’ 2. naravnost ‘straight on’ Sln. prosto Ukr. просто ‘simple, simply’ | map |
| Ukr. родина Sln. družina ‘family’ Sln. rodbina Ukr. рідня ‘relations’ | map |
| Ukr. серпень Sln. veliki srpen ‘August’ Sln. srpen (mali, veliki) 1. серпень ‘August’ 2. липень ‘July’ | map |
| Ukr. склеп 1. klet, podpritličje, prizemlje ‘cellar’ 2. grobnica ‘tomb, vault’ Sln. sklep Ukr. вирішення ‘decision’ | map |
| Ukr. слово Sln. beseda ‘word’ Sln. slovo Ukr. прощання ‘leave-taking, farewell’ | map |
| Ukr. сметана Sln. kisla smetana ‘sour cream’ Sln. smetana Ukr. вершки ‘cream’ | map |
| Ukr. стіл Sln. miza ‘table’ Sln. stol Ukr. стілець ‘chair’ | map |
| Ukr. столиця Sln. glavno mesto ‘capital’ Sln. stolica Ukr. кафедра ‘professorship’ | map |
| Ukr. сторона Sln. stran ‘side’ Sln. stran 1. сторона ‘side’ 2. сторінка ‘page’ | map |
| Ukr. травень Sln. veliki traven ‘May’ Sln. traven (mali, veliki) 1. травень ‘May’ 2. квітень ‘April’ | map |
| Ukr. чоловік Sln. soprog, zakonec ‘husband’ Sln. človek Ukr. людина ‘man, human being’ | map |
* For additional information on false friends, see the On-line hypertext bibliography by Daniel Bunčić and Ryszard Lipczuk.
* You can help!
* Have you spotted any mistakes on this page? Would you like to add information about false friends from your own experience, or help enhance this project in other respects?
* Just click the "edit this page" button at the top of this page — it’s easier than you think! If you need advice, see the editing help for this book.
# False Friends of the Slavist/Ukrainian-Slovak
## Українська мова — Slovenčina

| Ukr. білизна 1. bielizeň ‘linen, laundry’ 2. belosť ‘whiteness’ Slk. bielizeň Ukr. білизна ‘linen, laundry’ | map |
| Ukr. вихід Slk. východ ‘exit’ Slk. východ 1. вихід ‘exit’ 2. схід ‘east’ | map |
| Ukr. ворог Slk. nepriateľ ‘enemy’ Slk. vrah Ukr. вбивця ‘murderer’ | map |
| Ukr. гора Slk. hora ‘mountain’ Slk. hora 1. гора ‘mountain’ 2. ліс ‘forest’ | map |
| Ukr. грати 1. hrať ‘to play (a game)’ 2. hrať ‘to play (music)’ Slk. hrať 1. грати ‘to play (a game)’ 2. грати ‘to play (music)’ 3. виконувати роль ‘to play (theatre)’ | map |
| Ukr. живіт Slk. brucho ‘belly, body’ Slk. život Ukr. життя ‘life’ | map |
| Ukr. жито Slk. žito, raž ‘rye’ Slk. žito 1. жито ‘rye’ 2. пшениця ‘wheat’ | map |
| Ukr. жінка Slk. žena ‘woman’ Slk. žena 1. жінка ‘woman’ 2. дружина ‘wife’ | map |
| Ukr. край 1. kraj ‘edge’ 2. kraj ‘region’ 3. územie, krajina ‘country’ 4. koniec ‘end’ Slk. kraj 1. край ‘edge’ 2. край ‘region’ | map |
| Ukr. листопад 1. listopad ‘falling of leaves’ 2. november ‘November’ Slk. listopad Ukr. листопад ‘falling of leaves’ | map |
| Ukr. лікарня Slk. nemocnica ‘hospital’ Slk. lekáreň Ukr. аптека ‘chemist’s, pharmacy’ | map |
| Ukr. матка Slk. maternica ‘womb, uterus’ Slk. matka Ukr. мати ‘mother’ | map |
| Ukr. наглий 1. náhly ‘sudden’ 2. bezočivý, drzý ‘naughty’ Slk. náhly 1. наглий ‘sudden’ 2. різкий, поспішний ‘vehement, hasty’ | map |
| Ukr. овочі Slk. zelenina ‘vegetables’ Slk. ovocie Ukr. фрукти ‘fruits’ | map |
| Ukr. пара 1. para ‘steam’ 2. pár ‘pair’ 3. niekoľko ‘a couple of, some’ Slk. para Ukr. пара ‘steam’ | map |
| Ukr. південь Slk. juh ‘south’ Slk. poludnie Ukr. полудень ‘noon’ | map |
| Ukr. північ 1. polnoc ‘midnight’ 2. sever ‘north’ Slk. polnoc Ukr. північ ‘midnight’ | map |
| Ukr. повість Slk. román ‘novel’ Slk. povesť 1. пошана, репутація ‘fame, reputa-tion’ 2. оповідання ‘legend’ | map |
| Ukr. просто 1. proste ‘simple, simply’ 2. priamo ‘straight on’ Slk. proste Ukr. просто ‘simple, simply’ | map |
| Ukr. річ Slk. vec ‘matter’ Slk. reč Ukr. мова ‘speech’ | map |
| Ukr. словенський Slk. slovinský ‘Slovene’ Slk. slovenský Ukr. словацький ‘Slovak’ | map |
| Ukr. столиця Slk. hlavné mesto ‘capital’ Slk. stolica Ukr. стілець ‘chair’ | map |
| Ukr. сторона Slk. strana ‘side’ Slk. strana 1. сторона ‘side’ 2. сторінка ‘page’ 3. партія ‘political party’ | map |
* For additional information on false friends, see the On-line hypertext bibliography by Daniel Bunčić and Ryszard Lipczuk.
* You can help!
* Have you spotted any mistakes on this page? Would you like to add information about false friends from your own experience, or help enhance this project in other respects?
* Just click the "edit this page" button at the top of this page — it’s easier than you think! If you need advice, see the editing help for this book.
# False Friends of the Slavist/Ukrainian-Kashubian
## Українська мова — Kaszëbsczi jãzëk

| Ukr. живіт Ka. brzëch, żót ‘belly, body’ Ka. żëwot Ukr. життя ‘life’ | map |
| Ukr. лист 1. lëst ‘letter’ 2. lëst ‘leaf’ 3. cedélk ‘sheet of paper’ Ka. lëst 1. лист ‘letter’ 2. лист ‘leaf’ | map |
| Ukr. пам’ятник Ka. pamiãtnik, pomnik ‘monument’ Ka. pamiãtnik 1. пам’ятник ‘monument’ 2. щоденник ‘diary’ | map |
| Ukr. південь Ka. pôłnié ‘south’ Ka. pôłnié 1. південь ‘south’ 2. полудень ‘noon’ | map |
| Ukr. просто 1. prosto ‘simple, simply’ 2. prost, na prost, za prost ‘straight on’ Ka. prosto Ukr. просто ‘simple, simply’ | map |
| Ukr. шина 1. szina ‘rail’ 2. gumowi réf, mańtel, przëkriwk ‘tyre’ Ka. szina Ukr. шина ‘rail’ | map |
* For additional information on false friends, see the On-line hypertext bibliography by Daniel Bunčić and Ryszard Lipczuk.
* You can help!
* Have you spotted any mistakes on this page? Would you like to add information about false friends from your own experience, or help enhance this project in other respects?
* Just click the "edit this page" button at the top of this page — it’s easier than you think! If you need advice, see the editing help for this book.
# Classical Mechanics/Central Field

< Classical Mechanics
Prev Up Next
Consider a central potential V(r). A central potential is where the potential is dependent only on the field point's distance from the origin; in other words, the potential is isotropic.
The Lagrangian of the system can be written as
${\mathcal {L}}={\frac {1}{2}}m{\dot {\vec {x}}}^{2}-V(r)$
Since the potential is spherically symmetry, it makes sense to write the Lagrangian in spherical coordinates.
${\dot {\vec {x}}}^{2}=\left({\frac {d}{dt}}\left(r\sin \phi \sin \theta ,r\cos \phi \sin \theta ,r\cos \theta \right)\right)^{2}$
It can then be worked out that:
${\dot {\vec {x}}}^{2}={\dot {r}}^{2}+r^{2}{\dot {\theta }}^{2}+r^{2}{\dot {\phi }}^{2}\sin ^{2}\theta$
Hence the equation for the Lagrangian is:
${\mathcal {L}}={\frac {1}{2}}m\left({\dot {r}}^{2}+r^{2}{\dot {\theta }}^{2}+r^{2}{\dot {\phi }}^{2}\sin ^{2}\theta \right)-V(r)$
One can then extract three laws of motion from the Lagrangian using the Euler-Lagrange formula:
${\frac {d}{dt}}\left({\frac {\partial {\mathcal {L}}}{\partial {\dot {r}}}}\right)={\frac {\partial {\mathcal {L}}}{\partial r}}$ Substituting in L{\textstyle {\mathcal {L}}}: ${\frac {d}{dt}}\left(m{\dot {r}}\right)=\left(mr{\dot {\theta }}^{2}+mr{\dot {\phi }}^{2}\sin ^{2}\theta -{\frac {\partial V}{\partial r}}\right)$ Calculating the derivatives: $m{\frac {d^{2}r}{dt^{2}}}=mr{\dot {\theta }}^{2}+mr{\dot {\phi }}^{2}\sin ^{2}\theta -{\frac {\partial V}{\partial r}}$
This looks messy, but when we look at the Euler-Lagrange relation for $\phi$, we have
${\frac {d}{dt}}\left(mr^{2}{\dot {\phi }}\sin ^{2}\theta \right)=0$
Hence $mr^{2}{\dot {\phi }}\sin ^{2}\theta$ is a constant throughout the motion.
# Classical Mechanics/Hamilton Theory

< Classical Mechanics
In addition to the Lagrangian description of the system, the Hamiltonian description can also be used.
The Hamiltonian ${\mathcal {H}}$ can be constructed as follows
${\mathcal {H}}=\sum _{n}p_{n}{\dot {q}}_{n}-{\mathcal {L}}$
Where $p$ is the momentum, $q$ is the position, and ${\mathcal {L}}$ is the Lagrangian.
# Classical Chinese/Pronoun

Ways to address "you" in 文言文 Classical Chinese.
子 (zǐ): This is a respectful way to address someone who is equal or superior to the speaker, such as a friend, a teacher, or a ruler. For example, “子曰：學而時習之，不亦說乎？” (zǐ yuē: xué ér shí xí zhī, bù yì yuè hū?) This means "The Master said: Is it not a joy to learn and practice what one has learned in due time?"
君 (jūn): This is a way to address someone who is the lord, the king, or the sovereign of the speaker, such as a ruler or a feudal lord. For example, “君子不器。” (jūnzǐ bù qì.) This means "The gentleman is not a vessel."
汝 (rǔ): This is a way to address someone who is equal or inferior to the speaker, such as a friend, a servant, or a child. For example, “汝何故遲也？” (rǔ hé gù chí yě?) This means "Why are you late?"
公 (gōng): This is a way to address someone who is a noble, a prince, or a high-ranking official, such as a duke or a minister. For example, “公之於國也。” (gōng zhī yú guó yě.) This means "Your contribution to the state."
卿 (qīng): This is a way to address someone who is a close friend, a lover, or a subordinate, such as a general or a minister. For example, “卿可謂善吏乎？” (qīng kě wèi shàn lì hū?) This means "Can you be called a good official?"
爾 (ěr): This is a way to address someone who is equal or inferior to the speaker, such as a friend, a servant, or a child. For example, “爾其學之。” (ěr qí xué zhī.) This means "You should learn it."
汝曹 (rǔ cáo): This is a way to address a group of people who are equal or inferior to the speaker, such as friends, servants, or soldiers. For example, “汝曹聽我令。” (rǔ cáo tīng wǒ lìng.) This means “You all listen to my command.”
# Dark and Light/Classes/Cleric
## Cleric

* Cleric Skills
* Healer Skills
* Citizen Skills
# Dark and Light/Classes/Fighter
## Fighter

* Fighter Skills
* Citizen Skills

### Stat Costs

Becoming a Fighter will decrease some of your stat raising costs:
* CON -1
* DEX -1
* STR -1
# Dark and Light/Classes/Illusionist
## Illusionist

* Illusionist Skills
* Mage Skills
* Citizen Skills
# Dark and Light/Classes/Mage
## Mage

* Mage Skills
* Citizen Skills

### Stat Costs

Becoming a Mage will decrease some of your stat raising costs:
* INT -1
* DEX -1
* QUI -1

### Strategy

* An important tip for casters is to maintain range between you and your enemy. While casting a spell, you see a progress bar. After the bar finishes (i.e. your casting time), your character will be waving his hands as the spell attacks the target. During this time, it is possible to move. It is in your best interest to back up and increase the distance between you and the target so you have more time to cast spells.
* Another tip for casters is to avoid interruption. To do this put points into quickness. This may not be the best if you wish to PvP, but currently allocating approx. 100 or more attribute points into quickness allows you to become almost invulnerable to being hit in melee by a MOBs' regular attacks.
# Dark and Light/Classes/Citizen
### Citizen

Citizen Skills

### Strategy

The basic strategy is to find mobs of your level or perhaps one to two levels higher, to generate FXP and FX levels and skill points. You begin life as a level 1 citizen with 2 FX points, you should immediately spend 1 point into your survival skills and get the Keep in Life skill. The Keep in Life skill icon should appear on your hotbar once you've invested the point for it. Now go to a empty hotbar space with your mouse pointer and right-click to get the game action keys list. There is an action command called EnableStickFight, select this command and it will add an icon to your hotbar. This button will now make you move into melee range with the target you are attacking and place you within the 5 meter range necessary for Keep in Life to work. Further investment into survival skills will increase your effectiveness at combat with ranged attacks and eventually a self heal. You should also be sure to invest into your mount skills as your mounts will fight for you, improving your ability to fight higher level mobs or groups of mobs. Not to mention, its a big world and you need a better mode of transportion than your own legwork. Once you reach level 5 you can now click on your stat info bar, a small box opens up a window with base class choices.

### Tactics

Everybody starts life with a crossbow unequiped, you can equip this item and use it to open attacks with a ranged shot. Your survival skills will make you much more effective at killing mobs than just your basic attack. "Find your food" gives you a ranged special for an opening attack which is much more effective than the basic crossbow shot. You should try to get your Dodo mount as soon as possible, the default stance for pets is to protect you and so they will automaticly attack your target once the mob attacks you. The most difficult part of life as a citizen is finding mobs of the appropriate level.

### Hints and Bugs

Use the EnableStickFight command to maintain 5 meter melee range with your targets.
# Dark and Light/Classes/Enchanter
## Enchanter

* Enchanter Skills
* Healer Skills
* Citizen Skills
# Dark and Light/Classes/Hunter
## Hunter

* Hunter Skills
* Citizen Skills

### Stat Costs

Becoming a Hunter will decrease some of your stat raising costs:
* STR -1
* DEX -1
* QUI -1

### Tactics

Generally, the best tactic is to use your bow to pull the MOB from as far as you can, using all of the attack skills possible before your target gets within range. (Use at least one ranged attack skill and one melee attack skill.) When the MOB enters melee range you can direct your pet to attack it and switch to melee mode, using your melee attack skills as needed. This should see you through to level 10 when you get class skills. Usually you can remove most of a mobs hitpoints before it even gets to you this way.
Dropping 1-6 basic traps on one spot between the mob and you and pulling the mob through these is an easy way to kill higher level melee-only mobs. This doesn't work as well for mobs with ranged attacks and you should keep an eye on wandering mobs in your vicinity, they might trigger your traps and attack you whilst you are not ready for them
# Dark and Light/Classes/Monk
## Monk

* Monk Skills
* Healer Skills
* Citizen Skills
# Dark and Light/Classes/Healer
## Healer

* Healer Skills
* Citizen Skills
# HydroGeoSphere/Array Dimensioning

When performing Task 1, grok first checks for the existence of a file array_sizes.default in the directory where the prefix.grok file is located. If it is not found, the file is automatically created and default array sizes are written which are then used by the preprocessor. Associated with each default are a descriptor and a default value. A portion of the file is shown here:
So, for example, the default maximum number of dual continuum material zones is 20. If the problem is defined such that an array exceeds the default maximum (e.g. the number of dual continuum material zones exceeds 20) then grok will halt execution and issue an error message (to the screen and the prefixo.eco file) of the form:
Given the descriptor in the error message, you can now edit the array_sizes.default file and increase the appropriate value. Note that the file is sorted alphabetically by descriptor. When you run grok again, it will read the new default value from the file. Re-compilation of the code is not necessary, since it uses Fortran 95 ALLOCATE statements to define array sizes at run-time.
HydroGeoSphere does not utilize the file array_sizes.default, but instead uses exact array sizes determined and passed by grok.
Remember, this process is problem-dependent, and each time you run grok in a different directory, a fresh array_sizes.default file will be generated with default values.
# HydroGeoSphere/Boundary Conditions

* General
* Type
** Specified Head
** Specified Flux
** Seepage
** Free Drainage
** Potential Evapotranspiration
** Specified Flowrate
** River Flux
** Drain Flux
** Surface Loading
** Hydromechanical Stress
** Pore Water Freezing and Thawing
** Surface Flow
** Snowmelt
* Node and Face Sets
* Time-Varying Inputs
** Interpolation
** Intermittent Conditions
* Constraints and Tecplot Options
** Nodal Flux Head Constraints
** Tecplot Output
* Transport
** Specified Concentration
** Specified Mass Flux
** Specified Third-Type Concentration
** Thermal Energy
** Imported from GMS
** Immiscible Phase Dissolution Source
** Zero-Order Source
# HydroGeoSphere/Absolute Concentration and Temperature as Primary Variables

The following instruction can be used to enable a density-dependent flow and transport solution. In this case, fluid density is directly calculated from individual species concentrations and temperature. The allowed species are $Na^{+},K^{+},Ca^{2+},Mg^{2+},Cl^{-},SO_{4}^{2-},CO_{3}^{2-}$ and $HCO_{3}^{-}$ and fluid temperature $T$, which have to be defined within the solute definition block (See Section 5.6.3.1). Note that the units must be mg l$^{-1}$ and °C, respectively.

## Use Pitzer model

With this instructions, fluid density is calculated from species concentrations using Pitzer’s ion interaction model. Note that this method can be very time-consuming because fluid density is calculated by iterating between density and molality. The default is a faster and non-iterative empirical approach.

## Picard convergence criteria

* toldens The minimum absolute difference in head, concentration and temperature for convergence of the non linear Picard loop.
* maxitdens The maximum number of iterations for the Picard loop. If the maximum number of iterations is reached without obtaining convergence, the time step is cut in half and the loop is started over.
Similar to the use of the ”Density-dependent transport” instruction when using relative concentration, the above instruction assigns new values to the convergence criteria. The defaults are 1.0 × 10$^{-5}$ and 100, respectively.
# HydroGeoSphere/Axisymmetric Flow
## Axisymmetric coordinates

This instruction is used for simulating radial flow to a well. It should only be applied to a vertical cross-section, of unit thickness in the y-direction. The x-coordinate is taken as the radial distance.
One should define a vertical cross-section of unit thickness in the y-direction (with 2 nodes in that direction), and locate a pumping/injection well at the origin (x = 0.0).
# HydroGeoSphere/Boundary Conditions Guidelines
## Boundary condition input routines

The boundary condition input routines have been completely rewritten in this version of HydroGeoSphere. The old routines were developed over the years by many different developers and for a host of reasons. There was a lack of continuity between the routines that has made it increasingly difficult to update and maintain HydroGeoSphere. With this in mind, a more well defined data structure has been developed for defining boundary conditions and, where possible, the functionality of the old routines has been incorporated. For the end user, this means having to learn a new approach to defining boundary conditions, but one that we hope will be more logical and therefore easier to understand and apply.
In its simplest form, a boundary condition is defined by a value that is associated with a node, for example, a specified head. In some cases, such as a well that has a variable pumping rate, the value may change temporally. If the well were turned off abruptly then started up again at a later time, the value would not be applied continuously. Some inputs are not defined by a single value, but rather by a 2- or 3-dimensional field. For example, rainfall may be given in the form of 2-D raster data defined in a certain region. Other inputs might be in the form of tables of values at defined locations, which is often the case when we incorporate information from another model. As you can see, we need a combination of data structure and input format that are general, yet flexible.

## General boundary condition layout

All flow boundary conditions require inputs for the bc type, node and face set, and the time-varying inputs described in Section 5.7.2, Section 5.7.3, and Section 5.7.4. The constraints and tecplot options are optional values. A general boundary condition layout is shown as the following instruction:

## Boundary condition...End

grok reads instructions that define a new boundary condition until it encounters an End instruction.
# HydroGeoSphere/Cutoff Walls

Cutoff walls can be used to represent internal impermeable boundaries which could occur, for example, in a funnel-and-gate system.

## Cutoff Walls

* nwalls Number of impermeable cutoff walls to be defined. Read the following nwalls times:
       (a) iorient Wall orientation number.
       (b) avalue,afrom,ato,verfrom,verto Position, lateral minimum and maximum extent, vertical minimum and maximum extent.
The orientation parameter iorient should be set to 1 if the cutoff wall is in the xz-plane. In this case avalue is the y-coordinate of the wall and afrom and ato are the x-coordinates of the ends of the wall. If iorient is 2 the cutoff wall is in the yz-plane and avalue is the x-coordinate of the wall and afrom and ato are the y-coordinates of the ends of the wall. In either case verfrom and verto are the z-coordinates of the bottom and top of the wall respectively.
Only vertical cutoff walls are allowed.
Cutoff walls are restricted to rectangular block element grids.