OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lesson 1

This introductory lesson provides a simple conversation with a table of all the vocabulary used. Then the ways to say your name or the names of others is provided.

## Hello

UPhilani ubingelela umngani wakhe, uNandi.
    uPhilani: Sawubona Nandi.
    uNandi: Sawubona Philani.
    uPhilani: Unjani?
    uNandi: Ngikhona (ngiyaphila), wena unjani?
    uPhilani: Nami ngikhona (ngiyaphila). uhambe kahle.
    uNandi: Ngiyabonga. Usale kahle.
| isiZulu | isiNgisi |
| Sawubona | Hello |
| Unjani? | How are you? |
| Ngikhona | I'm fine |
| Wena | You |
| Nami | Also (and me) |
| Sala | Stay |
| Hamba | Go |
| Kahle | well |
| Ngiyabonga | Thank you. |
The first exchange illustrates a fairly casual or familiar tone. It is both more formal and more polite to use the plural forms, e.g.:
    uJacob: Sanibonani
    uNjabulo: Yebo, sanibonani.
    uJacob: Ninjani?
    uNjabulo: Sikhona/Siyaphila, nina ninjani?
    uJacob: Nathi sikhona/siyaphila.
| isiZulu | isiNgisi |
| Sanibonani | Hello |
| Ninjani? | How are you? |
| Sikhona/Siyaphila | We're fine/well |
| Nina | You (plural) |
| Nathi | Also (and us) |
It would normally be considered somewhat rude and abrupt to say goodbye just then. An exchange of pleasantries would normally follow such greetings, but in large cities, since people are often busy, this short conversation is sufficient.
A very polite way of saying farewell would be:
    uJacob: Nihambe kahle.
    uNjabulo: Nisale kahle.

### Notes

* Sanibona(ni) where the final ni may or may not be used

## Introducing people

Philani introduces his friend Thabo to Nandi.
    uPhilani: Nandi, Lo umgani wami, uThabo.
    uNandi: Ngiyajabula ukukwazi!
    uThabo: Nami, ngiyajabula ukukwazi!
Thabo introduces himself to Nosipho.
    uThabo: Igama lami nguThabo!
    uNosipho: Ngiyajabula ukukwazi! NginguNosipho.
    uThabo: Ngiyajabula ukukwazi!
| isiZulu | isiNgisi |
| Igama | Name |
| -mi | my |
| Lo (Lona) | This |
| Nina | You (plural) |
| Ngiyajabula ukukwazi | I'm pleased to know you. |
| Umngani | Friend |
| Ngingu- | I'm |
The above table says that -mi means my but la- that is added to it is for agreement. Lami agrees with igama. The same is true for wami: the wa- agrees with umngani.

## How are you?

Philani sees his friend Thabo in the street.
    uPhilani: Sawubona Thabo!
    uThabo: Yebo, sawubona Philani!
    uPhilani: Unjani?
    uThabo: Ngiyaphila, wena unjani?
    uPhilani: Angiphilile.
| isiZulu | isiNgisi |
| Angiphilile | I'm not well. |

## Surname

Nandi tells Thabo her surname.
    Nandi: Isibongo sami uNdlovu.
    uThabo: NgingowakwaKhumalo.
| isiZulu | isiNgisi |
| Isibongo | Surname |
| Ngingowakwa- | I'm of the family of |

## Summary

* We can say hello: Sawubona, Sanibona or Sanibonani
* Ask people how they are: Unjani?, Ninjani?.
* Say how you are: Ngiyaphila, ngikhona, angiphilile.
* Introduce yourself: Igama lami ngu-, Ngingu-.
* Introduce others: Lo ngu-.
* Say your surname: Isibongo sami, Ngingowakwa-.

## Next step

Try the Exercise or go the next Lesson 2.
# 99 Elm Problems/Problem 81

Write a function that, given two nodes a and b in a graph, returns all the acyclic paths from a to b.
# # # THIS IS A STUB # # #
Example in Elm:
Result:
Solutions
# 99 Elm Problems/Problem 80

Convert graphs representations
# # # THIS IS A STUB # # #
Result:
Solutions
# 99 Elm Problems/Problem 82

Find all closed paths in a graph starting at a given node.
# # # THIS IS A STUB # # #
Result:
Solutions
# 99 Elm Problems/Problem 85

Determine if two graphs are isomorphic.
# # # THIS IS A STUB # # #
Result:
Solutions
# 99 Elm Problems/Problem 8

Write a function to remove consecutive duplicates of list elements.
Result:
Solutions
# 99 Elm Problems/Problem 8/Solutions

Solution 1: Recursive version
# 99 Elm Problems/Problem 84

Find the minimal spanning tree of a graph. / Hint: Use the algorithm of Prim. A small modification of the solution of problem does the trick.
# # # THIS IS A STUB # # #
Result:
Solutions
# 99 Elm Problems/Problem 86

Node degree and graph coloration / 86.a) Calculate the degree of a node in a graph.
# # # THIS IS A STUB # # #
Result:
Solutions
# 99 Elm Problems/Problem 87

Output a depth-first order graph traversal of a graph given the starting node. The output should be a list of nodes that are reachable from the starting point and sorted in depth-first order.
# # # THIS IS A STUB # # #
Result:
Solutions
# 99 Elm Problems/Problem 83

Find all spanning trees of a graph.
# # # THIS IS A STUB # # #
Result:
Solutions
# 21 Expected Difficult Questions With Simple Answers/Ecology
## Is solar power environmentally friendly?

--> Solar power needs solar panels/cells which are made after the extraction of many rare metals and we need a massive amount of fossil fuel to make these panels/cells. Then another component is batteries which are essential to the use of solar power. Batteries are made of many toxic chemicals which are difficult to obtain and then almost life-threatening to living beings and other beings on earth.

## Is the use of electric vehicles environment friendly?

--> This is precisely similar to the solar power issue. There are a number of issues as follows which make electric vehicles bad options in the current scenario.
* E-vehicles need batteries.
* Electricity needs fossil fuels, atomic fuel, or solar power.
* Battery becomes almost half of the cost of the vehicle and after battery life ends which eventually

## Is milk vegetarian or non-vegetarian food?

Milk comes from animals, most commonly cows, but it is not the flesh of the animal. It can therefore be classified as vegetarian. However, there are some vegetarians who choose not to consume other animal products such as milk or eggs.
Vegetarianism is not to be confused with veganism, which is always against the consumption of all animal products.
# 2009 UIL Spelling Study Manual/E

For words with a * contestants must also know definitions.
# 21 Expected Difficult Questions With Simple Answers/Caste
## What is caste anyways?

-> A endogamous social group engaged in a single occupation that also follows untouchability, sexual purity-chastity rules, and many other regional variations of cultural practices, which mark the distinction of this group from other groups. Generally, characteristics include, inter-marriage, untouchability, ban on widow re-marriage, parda/veil, housebound wives, etc.

## Caste based reservations are right or wrong?

-> In Maharashtra We have following reservations in Place Template:Pie chart
He

## I don't believe in caste, but if "those people" keep pushing their caste, will it end?

-> I want to ask you a few questions and you will have to answer them for yourself, at the end, you will find out whether Do you actually follow caste or not?
* Your spouse/lover/intimate partner is of the same caste as yours? or similar to your caste?
* Maximum of your friends/peers with whom you usually hang out are from the same caste as yours?
* Your food habits/language identifiable to your caste/community?
* You believe and follow all the codes around holy-unholy, purity, chastity, virginity, etc
* You are following and feel that everyone should carry their caste occupations

## What is the Atrocity act? Is the atrocity act getting misused?

-> The Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 is an act of India. Which was enacted to safeguard the rights of STs and SCs. There are hardly any instances where it was proven in court that this act was used wrongly. In fact, the chart sheet rate and execution rate for such cases are ridiculously low, and even use of this act is in question let alone misuse.
# 21 Expected Difficult Questions With Simple Answers

This is a collection of Questions asked by common people who are unwilling to know, ignorant about, or in opposition of marginal groups like Queers, women, people of color and other marginal groups
    This book intends to document frequently asked difficult, tricky questions for Social Scientists, activists and persons who work on these issues. I am planning to collect questions on the themes of caste, gender, sexuality, race, class, and capitalism and if possible I will try and cover other themes too. Here I will try and collect 21 important questions and answers for each theme. Though this number might vary as per the need of the theme.
    This book is a outcome of questions I/User:QueerEcofeminist have received/faced during my decade long work with NGOs, university departments, community in the states of Maharashtra, Jharkhand and Delhi. The context and content of these states from India may differ from those residing in other parts of the world.
    Many a times, we know how to answer the typical and easy to answer questions. We already have our sympathies about the people of margins, people who are constantly discriminated against, face violence. But I want to focus on those questions which are asked by insensitive, cruel, strong opponents of queers, people of color, dalits, labors and many others who are forced to be on the margins of the society. So questions which are asked to social workers, social scientists, community representatives may drastically differ from my experiences. But Everyone is welcome and add questions which they think are difficult to answer and tricky about their own identity, movement they want to further.

## Table of Contents

* Caste
* Sexuality
* Capitalism
* Development
* Gender and Feminism
* Disability
* Marxism
* Ecology
# 21 Expected Difficult Questions With Simple Answers/Gender and Feminism
## What is feminism?

--> Feminism is a belief system/way of life/ideology that enables one to think, interrogate and act upon social differences, and discrimination. And try and make the world around a better place by bringing equality and justice. It was started with the aim of ending gender discrimination.

## Are feminists all women? Can men be feminists?

-> Yes, anyone can be a feminist as it doesn't matter at all. What makes you feminist is whether you question and work towards decreasing the gender hierarchies.

## What is political lesbianism?

--> Its a stream of feminism started by radical feminists. Which believes

## What is gender?

--> Gender is a socio-cultural set of roles one identifies with in order to function, behave, communicate and carry on many other social activities. ex feminine, masculine, trans, pan, agender. etc.
# A-level Biology/Central Concepts

Central concepts is the primary A2 module and is not optional. It builds on concepts learned in AS year.

## Contents

Photosynthesis (Jun 11, 2008)
Energy and Respiration (Jun 13, 2008)
Control, coordination and homeostasis (Jun 13, 2008)
Meiosis, genetics and gene control (Jun 12, 2008)
Classification, selection and evolution (Jun 11, 2008)
Populations and interactions (Jun 02, 2008)
# A-level Biology/Human Health and Disease

Human health and disease provides everything to do with health, diseases, smoking and immunity.

## Contents

* Introduction (May 30, 2008)
* Diet (Jun 01, 2008)
* Gaseous exchange (May 31, 2008)
* Smoking and Disease (May 31, 2008)
* Infectious Diseases (June 01, 2008)
* Immunity (May 31, 2008)
# AI Art Generation Handbook/List of lists

Here are a few lists that are relevant to the Handbook Discussion

### Resources

AI Art Generation Handbook/Communities
AI Art Generation Handbook/List of recommended extensions

### Prompt-crafting

AI Art Generation Handbook/VACT/Fabric Patterns
AI Art Generation Handbook/Differing Resolution for SDXL
# AI Art Generation Handbook/List of local AI Art WebUI

The WebUI listed here are updated since June 2024.
There are some criteria that are needed so that this local AI Art WebUI are included inside:
* They should be free (in terms of beer) and not paid (Therefore for example: Commercially available Adobe Firefly is totally out)
* They do not need to include online registration (ala link to Google's account) or needed always on-line to be functions (like makeayo)
* They should be notable enough for other user to take notice and promotions through words-of-mouth (or in this age, social media)
See also: List of AI Art Websites if you want to use it online or don't have the required hardware.
| Author Name | Website Link | Remark |
| Automatic 1111 | A1111 Web UI | One of the most earliest and most versatile WebUI with external extensions built in. It is also one of the largest community support (based on Github stars) |
| comfyanonymous | ComfyUI | Instead of typing text as programming input, it uses node programming to "program" as flow-state in text to image generation |
| cmdr2 | Easy Diffusion | Easy to install WebUI with one-click install |
| lllyasviel | Forge | Optimisation from the A1111 fork which can produce faster image generations and also optimise the memory management to reduce OOM error message |
| lllyasviel | Fooocus | WebUI that tries to emulate the ease of use ala MidJourney. Note: This is the recommended local WebUI for the beginners if they want to try AI Art Generations |
| invoke-ai | InvokeAI Stable Diffusion Toolkit | It have have unified UI for inpainting and outpainting workflow. |
| n00mkrad | NMKD Stable Diffusion GUI | This fork support for AMD GPU |
| lllyasviel | omost | This fork using Large Language Model to describe descriptively about the images so that it can render the images in different part of images and combined together in single image |
| Vladmandic | SD.Next | A fork from Auto1111 which can support multiple types of models , improved prompt parser, optimised for multiple platform and Lora enhancer for training. |
| VoltaML | VoltaML | Recompiled ML library into high performance inference runtimes like TensorRT, TorchScript, ONNX and TVM meaning that it can generate double the speed from A1111 |

## References

https://www.reddit.com/r/StableDiffusion/s/s8rqnqOE3N
# AI Art Generation Handbook/List of recommended extensions

Recommended must have:
ControlNet
webui-controlnet - A method that are useful for guiding AI to generate (especially human) with a pose that you wanted. See more info here: AI Art Generation Handbook/ControlNet
3D Model Pose Editor - A extension to edit the 3D model
ComfyUI
webui-comfyui - A method to intergrate node based comfyui into Auto1111 (Must have comfyui installed)
# AI Art Generation Handbook/List of AI Image Model

This page is to show the available AI models that are available to public that can be used to run in local PC to generate images
| AI Image Model | Author Name | Website Link | Remark |
| SD1.5 | RunwayML | https://huggingface.co/runwayml/stable-diffusion-v1-5 | The OG of the AI image generations |
| SDXL | Stability AI | https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stable-diffusion-xl-base-1.0 | |
| Stable Cascade | Stability AI | https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stable-cascade | Able to produce faster image generations due to smaller latent space |
| SDXL Turbo | Stability AI | https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/sdxl-turbo | Almost real time mage generation in 4 steps or less |
| DALLE2-pytorch | Lucidrains | https://github.com/lucidrains/DALLE2-pytorch https://huggingface.co/nousr/conditioned-prior/tree/main/vit-b-32 | |
| Hunyuan DIT | Tencent | Project: https://github.com/Tencent/HunyuanDiT Model: https://huggingface.co/Tencent-Hunyuan/HunyuanDiT-v1.1/tree/main/t2i/model | |
| ai-forever | Kadinsky | Project: https://github.com/ai-forever/Kandinsky-3 Model: https://huggingface.co/ai-forever/Kandinsky3.1/tree/main/weights | One of the project from Russia |
| WARP-AI | Würstchen | https://huggingface.co/warp-ai/wuerstchen/tree/main | |
| Pix-Art α | Pix-Art Alpha | Project: https://github.com/PixArt-alpha/PixArt-alpha Model: https://huggingface.co/PixArt-alpha/PixArt-alpha/tree/main | |
| Pix-Art Σ | Pix-Art Alpha | Project: https://github.com/PixArt-alpha/PixArt-sigma Model: https://huggingface.co/PixArt-alpha/pixart_sigma_sdxlvae_T5_diffusers/tree/main | |
| Luina T2X | Alpha-VLLM | Project: https://github.com/Alpha-VLLM/Lumina-T2X Model: https://huggingface.co/Alpha-VLLM/Lumina-Next-T2I/tree/main | |
| AuraFlow v0.1 | cloneofsimo, FAL.ai | Project: https://blog.fal.ai/auraflow/ Model: https://huggingface.co/fal/AuraFlow | |
# AI Art Generation Handbook/Out-painting

1st step: Select the images and place it at the canvas
Final Step: Select the suitable images and save the images
# AI Art Generation Handbook/Node Prompting in Stable Diffusion/ComfyUI Custom Output Name

To create a custom output name is easy , the format is usually goes like this
%<Node name for SR>.<parameter>%
Here are 3 most common ways to customise the prompt name

#### (1) K-Sampler

Original Node name for S&R : KSampler
| Parameter | Format |
| seed | %KSampler.seed% |
| steps | %KSampler.steps% |
| cfg | %KSampler.cfg% |
| step | %KSampler.sampler_name% |
| scheduler | %KSampler.scheduler% |
(2) Text Prompt
Original Node name for S&R : CLIPTextEncode
| Parameter | Format |
| Prompt's text | %CLIPTextEncode.text% |
(3) Empty Latent Image
Original Node name for S&R : EmptyLatentImage
| Parameter | Format |
| width | %EmptyLatentImage.width% |
| height | %EmptyLatentImage.height% |
# Advanced Interactive Media/Motion

Motion is a Apple software application that is used to create and to edit motion graphics. The latest version is Motion 3 and it comes with the Final Cut Studio 2.
Getting Started
Start Up
- Double Click on Motion Icon - Welcome screen appears - Select Start a New Project - Select NTSC DV - in the project preset Menu Setup
- File Browser
For tutorials on motion you can access it through http://www.motionsmarts.com/tutorials.html
# Advanced Interactive Media/Learning Resources

There is no specific text book for this class; however, software posted below is available to students in the AI Class when requested.

## A listing of software relevant to the production of interactive multimedia (listed in approximate order of relevance to this class project

* "Director"
* "Facebook"
* "Profcast for Podcasting"
* Inspiration Project Planner
* "Flash"
* "InDesign"
* "DVD Studio Pro"
* "Youtube"
* "Flickr.com"
* "Garage Band"
* "Light Room"
* "Lightwave 3-D"
* "Motion"
* " Photoshop"
* Xti 10.1 megpix Still Camera
* "Aperture"
* "Stitcher with hotlinks"
* "Technorati"
* "Visual Composer Pro"
* "WIKIbook"
* "Compressor"
* "Final Cut Pro"
* "LiveType"
* "Automator"
* Blue Screen Keyer - Ultra 2
Other Software/Hardware
* Boris Red 4
* Snapfish.com
* Design Resource.com
* Poser
* Shake
* Blogger
* Del.ic.ious
* Desire2Learn
* Dreamweaver
* Eluminate
* Imatronics Interactive
* Live Stage
* Panoramio - Satellite map photos
* Quintura.com
* Sethgodin - Alexaholic leads
* Vue 5
* Balloon Cam
* Zip Cam
* Alexaholic
An excellent website that provides online tutorials is www.creativecow.com. Adobe After Effects tutorials are exceptional at this site.
# Advanced Interactive Media/Interactive Team/Job Description

It is the main goal and objective of the Interactive Team to assemble the core of the project in Director once all media is captured and edited. To put it basic terms, once the pieces are gathered, it is the job of the Interactive Team to assemble them and add the coding and effects needed to create the immersive multimedia experience. Once this is created, the project will undergo a process of debugging followed by fixing those errors. Once the final product is polished, it will be authored in a format that adheres to the medium of playback.
# Advanced Interactive Media/Interactive Team/Other Topics

Hierarchy of Navigation
# Advanced Interactive Media/Lab Hours
## Lab Hours

Current Interactive Classroom hours are posted below. It is possible to adapt this schedule to Ai Class demand with at least one week advanced warning. Student workers will make every effort to adjust open hours to meet current needs. Contact the teacher if limited lab time is a problem for your creative group.
Monday
* 7:50am–4:30pm
* 7:00pm–8:30pm
Tuesday
* 11:25am–1:30pm
* 3:30pm–4:30pm
* 7:00pm–8:30pm
Wednesday
* 8:25am–10:25am
* 12:00pm–4:30pm
* 7:00pm–8:30pm
Thursday
* 11:25am–1:30pm
* 3:30pm–4:30pm
* 7:00pm–8:30pm
Friday
* 8:25am–10:25am
* 12:00pm–4:30pm
Saturday
* 3:00pm–6:30pm
# Advanced Interactive Media/LiveType
## LiveType

Apple LiveType is text creator in the following paragraphs the basics of this program will be explained. Start out by typing in the Inspector window in the upper left hand box. After typing in a word, it appears on the Canvas. The Blue Bar under the text moves the text around, or by just clicking on a letter that letter will move by itself. The start and end points on blue bar moves the text vertically. A person can create a control point on the blue bar to skew the text by holding down control then click on the blue bar and choose ‘add control point’. To curve the text hold control then click on the control point and choose add a curve point. Attributes and text settings are similar to that in Photoshop. There is two different font types Regular and LiveFonts. In the media browser window on the far right choose the font tab and choose a font and click apply to change it. To style the regular font a viewer can go back to the inspector window and change the text in any way that they wish with attributes, effects, style and text. Under the style tab there are four ways to style the text shadow, outline, glow and extrude. LiveFonts are pre made animated texts that a user can choose from in the media browser under Livefonts. To change the color of the Livefont the user can simply go to attributes in the inspector window and change the color where it says color.
The texture tab in the media browser allows the user to put an animated background to the text. When adding textures the texture gets put onto the timeline below the separated bar, this is so that the user can choose whether or not they want to include it in final render. The viewer can drag the background on the timeline above the separation bar and that would make the background automatically render out in final output with the text. The timeline in LiveType isn’t like a normal editing system timeline. This is because when an animated text or background is dragged out or shortened it makes it faster and longer in speed. In the inspector window under the tab timing it displays the speed of the layer and the user can notice as they shorten or lengthen the speed changes. But, this doesn’t apply to anything static. The user can also slide the layer up and down the timeline horizontally to make it appear earlier or later in the animation. One very good feature about LifeType is that the preset textures can loop seamlessly. Another cool feature about LiveFont is that it can have multiple projects open at a time and be able to switch between them with tabs right above the timeline. The user can also hold down control and click on a track to copy and then paste it on another project. One more handy feature is that the user can hold down control and click on a track and choose reveal media browser to find the original source of that track quickly. Some really good free tutorials on LiveType can be found at: http://www.livetypecentral.com/cgi-bin/livetypecentral.cgi/tutorials.html
Product Link: http://www.apple.com/finalcutpro2/livetype.html