OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Non-Programmer's Tutorial for Python 2.6/Front matter

Python 3 notice: it's not recommended to learn Python 2 since it has been deprecated and replaced by Python 3. If you're new to Python, start learning Python 3. There's a Python 3 version of this Wikibook.
All example Python source code in this tutorial is granted to the public domain. Therefore, you may modify it and relicense it under any license you please. Since you are expected to learn programming, the GNU Free Documentation License would require you to keep all programs that are derived from the source code in this tutorial under that license. Since the python source code is granted to the public domain, that requirement is waived.
This tutorial was originally written in LaTeX and was available at: http://www.honors.montana.edu/~jjc/easytut/. It was moved here because the other server is going away and it was being read at least ten times a day. This document is available as LaTeX, HTML, PDF, and Postscript. Go to http://jjc.freeshell.org/easytut/ (Also could try http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.honors.montana.edu/~jjc/easytut/ or http://www.geocities.com/jrincayc/easytut.tar.gz ) to see all these forms. There are also versions of this in Korean, Spanish, Italian and Greek in the tar file.
The Non-Programmers' Tutorial For Python is a tutorial designed to be an introduction to the Python programming language. This guide is for someone with no programming experience.
If you have programmed in other languages I recommend using Python Tutorial for Programmers written by Guido van Rossum.
If you have any questions or comments please use the discussion pages or see Non-Programmer's Tutorial for Python 2.6/Authors for author contact information. I welcome questions and comments about this tutorial. I will try to answer any questions you have as best I can.
Thanks go to James A. Brown for writing most of the Windows install info. Thanks also to Elizabeth Cogliati for complaining enough : about the original tutorial (that is almost unusable for a non-programmer), for proofreading, and for many ideas and comments on it. Thanks to Joe Oppegaard for writing almost all the exercises. Thanks to everyone I have missed.

## Other resources

* Python Home Page
* Python Documentation
* Python Tutorial for Programmers
* LaTeX, PDF, and Postscript, and Zip versions
See also chapter The End for some more comments.
| Previous: Authors | Front Page | Next: Intro |
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Amnesia

Rises special defense by two for one battle.
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Annihilape
## Description

A ghostly monkey-like Pokémon.

## Base Statistics

A Fighting and Ghost type Pokémon.

## Type Matching

Moves that deal 200% of their damage to Annihilape: flying, psychic, fairy, ghost Moves that deal 50% of their damage to Annihilape: rock, poison Moves that deal 25% of their damage to Annihilape: bug Moves that deal 0% of their damage to Annihilape: normal, fighting
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Ambipom
## Description

A bipedal Monkeylike pokémon.

## Base Statistics

A Normal type Pokémon.

## Type Matching

Moves that deal 200% of their damage to Ambipom: fighting Moves that deal 0% of their damage to Ambipom: ghost

## How to Evolve

Ambipom evolves from Aipom.
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Amoonguss
## Description

A mushroom-like Pokémon.

## Base Statistics

A Grass and Poison type Pokémon.

## Type Matching

Moves that deal 200% of their damage to Amoonguss: fire, ice, flying, psychic Moves that deal 50% of their damage to Amoonguss: water, electric, fighting, fairy Moves that deal 25% of their damage to Amoonguss: grass
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Anorith
## Basic Statistics

* National Index: 347
* Johto Index: 347
* Hoenn Index: 135
* Stage: Basic
* Height: 0.7m/2'4"
* Weight: 12.5kg/28.0lb
* Gender Distribution: 87.5% Male
* Ability: Battle Armor
* Type: Rock/Bug
* Species: Old Shrimp
* Egg Group: Water 3
* Hatch Steps: 7680
* Catch Rate: 45
* Base Experience: 119
* Max Experience: 600000
| | HP | Attack | Defense | Speed | Special Attack | Special Defense |
| Base Stats (RB/Y) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Base Stats (GS/C) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Base Stats (RS/FL/E) | 45 | 95 | 50 | 75 | 40 | 50 |
| Base Stats (DP/PT/HGSS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (BW/B2W2) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (XY/ORAS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (SM/USUM) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (RB/Y) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Max Stats (GS/C) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Max Stats (RS/FL/E) | 294 | 317 | 218 | 273 | 196 | 218 |
| Max Stats (DP/PT/HGSS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (B/W/B2W2) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (X/Y/ORAS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (SM/USUM) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Effort Points (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |

## Type Matching

Move types which are good on Anorith: Rock, Steel, Water Move types which are bad on Anorith: Normal, Poison
All other move types are normal effectiveness on Anorith.

## How to Evolve

Anorith evolves at level 40.

## Moveset

| Level | Ruby / Sapphire Emerald XD / Colosseum | Fire Red / Leaf Green |
| Start | Scratch | Scratch |
| 7 | Harden | Harden |
| 13 | Mud Sport | Mud Sport |
| 19 | Water Gun | Water Gun |
| 25 | Metal Claw | Metal Claw |
| 31 | Protect | Protect |
| 37 | Ancientpower | Ancientpower |
| 43 | Fury Cutter | Fury Cutter |
| 49 | Slash | Slash |
| 55 | Rock Blast | Rock Blast |

### TM/HM

* RS/FL: Aerial Ace, Attract, Brick Break, Cut, Dig, Double Team, Facade, Frustration, Hidden Power, Protect, Rest, Return, Rock Smash, Rock Tomb, Sandstorm, Secret Power, Sunny Day, Toxic,

### Breeding

* RS/FL: Knock Off, Rapid Spin, Rock Slide, Swords Dance

## Trading Cards

* EX Sandstorm #27 - Anorith
* EX Sandstorm #28 - Anorith
| Basic: Anorith | Stage 1: Armaldo | (No Stage 2) |
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Appletun
## Description

An apple pie-like Pokémon.

## Base Statistics

A Grass and Dragon type Pokémon.

## Type Matching

Moves that deal 400% of their damage to Appletun: ice Moves that deal 200% of their damage to Appletun: poison, flying, bug, dragon, fairy Moves that deal 50% of their damage to Appletun: ground Moves that deal 25% of their damage to Appletun: water, grass, electric
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Applin
## Description

An apple-like Pokémon.

## Base Statistics

A Grass and Dragon type Pokémon.

## Type Matching

Moves that deal 400% of their damage to Applin: ice Moves that deal 200% of their damage to Applin: poison, flying, bug, dragon, fairy Moves that deal 50% of their damage to Applin: ground Moves that deal 25% of their damage to Applin: water, grass, electric
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Altaria
## Basic Statistics

* National Index: 334
* Johto Index: 334
* Hoenn Index: 122
* Stage: Stage 1
* Height: 1.1m/3'7"
* Weight: 20.6kg/45.0lb
* Gender Distribution: 50% Male
* Ability: Natural Cure
* Type: Dragon/Flying
* Species: Humming
* Egg Group: Flying/Dragon
* Hatch Steps: 5120
* Catch Rate: 45
* Base Experience: 188
* Max Experience: 600000
| | HP | Attack | Defense | Speed | Special Attack | Special Defense |
| Base Stats (RB/Y) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Base Stats (GS/C) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Base Stats (RS/FL/E) | 75 | 70 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 105 |
| Base Stats (DP/PT/HGSS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (BW/B2W2) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (XY/ORAS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (SM/USUM) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (RB/Y) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Max Stats (GS/C) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Max Stats (RS/FL/E) | 354 | 262 | 306 | 284 | 262 | 339 |
| Max Stats (DP/PT/HGSS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (B/W/B2W2) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (X/Y/ORAS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (SM/USUM) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Effort Points (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |

## Type Matching

Move types which are very good on Altaria: Ice Move types which are good on Altaria: Dragon, Rock Move types which are bad on Altaria: Fire, Water Move types which are very bad on Altaria: Grass Move types which don't effect Altaria: Ground
All other move types are normal effectiveness on Altaria.

## Moveset

| Level | Ruby / Sapphire Emerald XD / Colosseum | Fire Red / Leaf Green |
| Start | Peck Growl Astonish Sing | Peck Growl Astonish Sing |
| 8 | Astonish | Astonish |
| 11 | Sing | Sing |
| 18 | Fury Attack | Fury Attack |
| 21 | Safeguard | Safeguard |
| 28 | Mist | Mist |
| 31 | Take Down | Take Down |
| 35 | Dragonbreath | Dragonbreath |
| 40 | Dragon Dance | Dragon Dance |
| 45 | Refresh | Refresh |
| 54 | Perish Song | Perish Song |
| 59 | Sky Attack | Sky Attack |

### TM/HM

* RS/FL: Aerial Ace, Attract, Double Team, Dragon Claw, Earthquake, Facade, Fire Blast, Flamethrower, Fly, Frustration, Hidden Power, Hyper Beam, Ice Beam, Iron Tail, Protect, Rain Dance, Rest, Return, Roar, Rock Smash, Safeguard, Secret Power, Solarbeam, Steel Wing, Sunny Day, Thief, Toxic

### Breeding

* RS/FL: Agility, Haze, Pursuit, Rage

## Trading Cards

* EX Dragon #2 - Altaria
* EX Deoxys #1 - Altaria
* Pokémon XD, shadow pokémon:Heal bell
* Pokémon Box: False swipe
| Basic: Swablu | Stage 1: Altaria | (No Stage 2) |
# Pokémon/Pokédex/Ampharos
## Basic Statistics

* National Index: 181
* Johto Index: 55
* Hoenn Index: 329
* Stage: Stage 2
* Height: 1.4m/4'7"
* Weight: 61.5kg/136.0lb
* Gender Distribution: 50% Male
* Ability: Static
* Type: Electric
* Species: Light
* Egg Group: Monster/Ground
* Hatch Steps: 5120
* Catch Rate: 45
* Base Experience: 194
* Max Experience: 1059860
| | HP | Attack | Defense | Speed | Special Attack | Special Defense |
| Base Stats (RB/Y) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Base Stats (GS/C) | 90 | 75 | 75 | 55 | 115 | 90 |
| Base Stats (RS/FL/E) | 90 | 75 | 75 | 55 | 115 | 90 |
| Base Stats (DP/PT/HGSS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (BW/B2W2) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (XY/ORAS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (SM/USUM) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Base Stats (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (RB/Y) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Max Stats (GS/C) | 383 | 248 | 248 | 208 | 328 | 278 |
| Max Stats (RS/FL/E) | 384 | 273 | 273 | 229 | 361 | 306 |
| Max Stats (DP/PT/HGSS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (B/W/B2W2) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (X/Y/ORAS) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (SM/USUM) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Max Stats (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Effort Points (Sword/Shield/BDSP) | – | – | – | – | – | – |

## Type Matching

Move types which are good on Ampharos: Ground Move types which are bad on Ampharos: Electric, Flying, Steel
All other move types are normal effectiveness on Ampharos.

## Moveset

| Level | Gold / Silver | Crystal | Ruby / Sapphire Emerald XD / Colosseum | Fire Red / Leaf Green |
| Start | Tackle Growl Thundershock Thunder Wave | Tackle Growl Thundershock Thunder Wave | Tackle Growl Thundershock Thunder Wave | Tackle Growl Thundershock Thunder Wave |
| 9 | Thundershock | Thundershock | Thundershock | Thundershock |
| 18 | Thunder Wave | Thunder Wave | Thunder Wave | Thunder Wave |
| 27 | Cotton Spore | Cotton Spore | Cotton Spore | Cotton Spore |
| 30 | Thunderpunch | Thunderpunch | Thunderpunch | Thunderpunch |
| 42 | Light Screen | Light Screen | Light Screen | Light Screen |
| 57 | Thunder | Thunder | Thunder | Thunder |

### TM/HM

* GS/C/RS/FL: Attract, Double Team, Flash, Frustration, Hidden Power, Hyper Beam, Iron Tail, Protect, Rain Dance, Rest, Return, Rock Smash, Strength, Thunder, Toxic
* C/RS/FL: Thunderbolt
* GS/C: Curse, Defense Curl, Dynamicpunch, Endure, Fire Punch, Headbutt, Sleep Talk, Snore, Swagger, Swift, Thunderpunch, Zap Cannon
* RS/FL: Brick Break, Facade, Focus Punch, Light Screen, Secret Power, Shock Wave

### Evolution

* GS/C/RS/FL: Body Slam, Reflect, Safeguard, Screech, Take Down
* GS/C: Thunderbolt
* RS/FL: Charge, Odor Sleuth

## Trading Cards

* Neo Genesis #1 - Ampharos
* Neo Revelation #1 - Ampharos
* Neo Destiny #1 - Dark Ampharos
* Expedition #2 - Ampharos
* Expedition #35 - Ampharos
* Aquapolis #H1 - Ampharos
* Aquapolis #1 - Ampharos
* EX Dragon #89 - Ampharos EX
* EX Team Rocket Returns #2 - Dark Ampharos
| Basic: Mareep | Stage 1: Flaaffy | Stage 2: Ampharos |
# Open Education Handbook/Open Education - Conferences and Events

There are several points in the calendar where awareness of openness in education is raised. These include:
* Open Education Week (March)
* Open Access Week (October)
* Open Data Day (February)
* Education Freedom Day (January)
There are also many conferences dedicated to open education which take place all around the world.

### Open Education Conferences
#### Europe

* Online Educa – Annual global elearning conference held in Berlin.
* OER14 conference – Annual conference held in the UK, focused on OER.
* Mozilla Festival – Annual event usually held in London, lots of teaching and learning activities related to web.
* OKFest – The Open Knowledge Foundation Festival – this year open education is likely to an important area.
* Wikimania - Annual conference centered on Wikimedia projects with tracks dedicated to education, free culture, open data, and more.
* Cetis Conference - Annual Conference from Cetis, UK centre that specialises in technology innovation and interoperability standards in learning, education and training.
* OPPI - Helsinki Learning Festival: Held in Helsinki, first year in 2014. Focuses on new learning practices.

#### USA

* OpenEd conference – Annual conference held in US, currently the biggest Open education conference in the world.
* OCWC Conference – Held in the US and organised by the Open Courseware Consortium.
* Connections - US conference that brings together leading policy, academic and technology experts to discuss the future of open education resources (OER) as well as the technologies that are making this future a possibility.

#### Non-Western

* Inaugural International Conference on Open and Flexible Learning (ICOFE) – Annual event held last year in Hong Kong.
* International Conference of the African Virtual University – This year was the first year this conference ran, held in Kenya.
* Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning – Bi-annual event organised by the Commonwealth of Learning, held in Africa.
* Asia Regional OpenCourseWare And Open Education Conference - Held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and organised by University of Malaya.
* EELU ICEL 2014 - EELU International conference on e-learning - Held in Egypt.
* OER Asia - Open Educational Resource Community in Asia Symposium - Held in WOU in Penang, now in its 2nd year.
# Open Education Handbook/OER for the developing world

The current publication system creates a developed world bias, leaving researchers in the developing world without a voice and without access to publication spaces. The developing world is an area where OERs can have real impact. Initiatives include
* Commonwealth of Learning
* National Developments
* Sakshat: One Stop Education Portal
* OSCAR: Open Source Courseware Animations Repository
* Free or open textbook programmes, such as Siyavula in South Africa
Previous programmes focused on the developing world have suffered from a lack of commitment locally and no clear strategy for implementation. There has also been a ‘not-made-here’  mentality and materials were considered too generic. On reflection the Commonwealth of Learning recommends that projects not only to develop capacity and content but to ensure a buy-in from local partners and to have a clear implementation strategy
Just as most other projects and activities of the "open movement", Open Educational Resources can have real impact on local development in developing countries. Direct benefits of developing, using, sharing and distributing OER in local contexts include:
* Increase access to educational resources
* Unlock knowledge for the local needs
* Reduce authoring and distribution costs of educational resources
* Increase efficiency and optimize resources by reusing OERs
* Capacity building at teachers and authors levels
* Increase awareness at students and institutional levels
* Facilitate collaboration in the local educational communities
* Cost/Effort effective modernization of the local educational resources
* Potential of OER in developing countries

### The potential of OER in developing countries

The lack of intellectual property protection laws or their enforcement by authorities resulted in a wide use of "illegally" copied or "pirated" software and content in many of developing countries. While not considering copyright and license agreements in data and information sharing activities including education, developing countries can still have limited access to very useful educational resources in other parts of the world. Educators in developing countries, like their peers all over the world, may not be aware of the license restrictions on the materials they use in their classes. Authors and producers of educational resources may also want know more about using, reusing and sharing available resources and offering their resources under an appropriate licanse to increase their outreach and benefit.
The potential of OERs in developing countries arise in multiple areas including:
* Spreading locally developed educational resources that meet local needs
* Building local contribution communities and increase resources' quality
* Establishing the culture of sharing in the educational context

### Further resources

* OER Africa
* Open Learning Exchange
* Making it Matter: Supporting education in the developing world through open and linked data
* TESS-India
* Commonwealth of Learning
# Open Education Handbook/Open Advocacy

Convincing policy makers requires making both a business and a social case for open education. Advocates need to help policy makers to see that open education matters and that open policy effectively supports open education.
Open policy advocates need to present a coordinated case to policymakers that 21st century legal and technical tools can be used to significantly improve the effectiveness of investments in publicly funded resources. For instance:
* The global reach and increasing speed and bandwidth of the Internet
* The decreasing cost of hardware and marginal costs of digital storage, copying and distribution
* Open licensing and the popularity of mobile devices are making content more easily accessed
When policy makers understand the power of open policies, they can avoid the lock-in of stale frameworks and existing financial models, so they can maximize the positive societal impact of publicly funded resources.
Many open advocates use the OER Advocacy Coalition email group to share their experiences and form strategies for change.
There are some good arguments for open education in the videos from the Why Open Education Matters video competition.

### Further resources

* EC Opening Up Education
* OER Africa Policy
* POERUP Research Project into OER policy in the EU
# Open Education Handbook/Open Data & Institutions

Open education is fundamentally about removing barriers to education. Opening up data of any sort fits with this agenda and activities around open licensing in particular are both important and hugely supportive. But secondly, and possibly more importantly, opening up education data gives us the potential to see education and its components differently. This new perspective provides us with an opportunity to revolutionise education and make it better.
As David Lassner, Interim president and former chief information officer at the University of Hawaii explains:
The movement for open education is ultimately about wanting better education for all. Open education data is proving to be an important instrument in achieving that goal.

### Principle

The charitable mission of education can be helped through a commitment to open data, help educators and institutions to engage with learners more effectively and in better ways. Data openness and exchange can drive quality research (collaboration, testing, replication) while promoting the social role and place of institutions themselves, helping maintain public and political commitment to the institution and making it more transparent.

### Policy

Education institutions are already subject to freedom of information, but new open research data policies (such as the HEFCE consultation on inclusion as part of next Research Excellence Framework) may alter obligations. Large amounts of institutional data (finance, student performance, etc.) are already collected by HESA and UCAS and made widely available, and this is a trend which can be observed in many countries. The next logical step is for more open data about institutions to be made available. With agreed frameworks and metrics in place it will be easier to substantiate comparisons and claims about widening participation, or student performance, for example.

### Practice

Institutions can use their own data to inform decisions and management practices, and improve business and pedagogical intelligence. By linking across other open data sets and curating the most relevant information staff and students can be supported in teaching and learning.
Always check with your institution before releasing any institutional information openly!
# Open Education Handbook/Open Assessment

Open assessment is the process of making assessment of students work open and driven by community rather than closed and proprietary. It is also used as an umbrella term for describing models used to recognise informal learning.
In Open Learning – Open Assessment?! the ideas of formal assessment and open assessment are contrasted. Open assessment takes the form of:
* Formative Assessments
* Assessment for learning
* Assessment as learning
* Assessment for growth and development (transforming learning)
* Assessment of competences
* Performance, portfolios E-Assessment
It can also consider prior learning (RPL), prior learning assessment (PLA), or prior learning assessment and recognition (PLAR).
Open badges can be seen as accreditation related to open assessment.

### Further resources

* OPASnet workspace for informed decision making
* Stephen Downes on open source assessment
* Introduction to Open Assessment (Canvas)