OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Monopoly/The Speed Die

Introduced in Monopoly: The Mega Edition in 2006 and added to the standard game the following year, the Speed Die is a special red (originally blue) die that speeds up the progression of the game when it is used. It is rolled alongside the other dice and has unique effects not seen with them.
Theoretically, the Speed Die could be used with any Monopoly game, but this section will only focus on its use in the standard game and the Mega Edition.

## Using the Speed Die

In standard Monopoly, a player may only start rolling the Speed Die once they have passed GO at least once. However, in the Mega Edition, the Speed Die is used from the start.
The Speed Die is not rolled during the initial roll to determine turn order or if you are attempting to roll out of Jail.
Like the normal dice, the Speed Die has six faces: three number faces showing the numbers one through three, two faces showing Mr Monopoly, and a face showing a bus.

### Effects of the Faces

The effects of each of the Speed Die's faces are as follows:
* If the player rolls a number, that number is added to the total of the white dice.
* If the player rolls Mr. Monopoly, then they move according to the total of the white dice and take the appropriate action. Then, before they roll again or end their turn, they must advance to the next unowned property on the board from their position and buy or auction it.
** If all of the properties on the board have been purchased, then the player instead advances to the next opponent-owned property that is unmortgaged and pays the appropriate rent.
** If all of the properties on the board have been purchased and all opponents' properties are mortgaged, then nothing happens after the white dice action is resolved.
* If the player rolls a bus, the actions they may take depend on the version of Monopoly being played:
** In standard Monopoly, the bus-rolling player is given three choices for their move: they may choose to move one of the individual numbers rolled on the white dice, or they can choose to move the total of both white dice. For example, if a player rolls a two, four and bus, they would be allowed to move two, four or six spaces.
** In The Mega Edition, the player moves according to the total of the white dice and takes the appropriate action. Then, before they roll again or end their turn, they must choose to either draw a Bus Ticket card and keep it for later use, or advance to the next Chance or Community Chest space clockwise from their position and follow the instructions on the top card of the appropriate deck. The latter action will be defaulted to if no Bus Tickets remain.

### Rolling Triples

If the player rolls triples (the same number on all three dice), they are allowed to immediately move to any space on the board of their choosing, and take the appropriate action for that space, after which their turn ends. If the player passes GO in the process, they collect ₩200 as with a normal pass.
If a player rolls doubles twice and then rolls triples, they do not go to Jail, since their turn ends after the triples roll.
# Monopoly Project Page

Welcome to the monopoly project page. This is a book about the best selling board game monopoly. If you are interested in taking part in this project please sign up under contributors.

## In Scope

The [US] game's design is clearly based upon images and places located within Atlantic City, New Jersey. Hence "Boardwalk."

### Variants
## Out of Scope
### Endless list of different place names from various versions. (This would be huge)
## Tasks

Create projectpage --AdRiley Completed --AdRiley 21:01, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
Rework Contents Page --AdRiley 21:01, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

## Issues
### Image Copyrights

How do we stand with regards to including images of monopoly in our book? I should imagine monopoly is copyrighted, are photographs I take of my set breach of copyright? --AdRiley 21:01, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
    Yes, unless the company that owns them (Parker Bros.?) releases them under public domain or one of the free-use copyrights. --SB_Johnny | 23:34, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
       One thing that you should try is to contact Parker Bros, and ask for permission to use some images for "a book you are writing on monopoly". They might give you some images, or they might give you permission to use images you already have. This strategy has worked sometimes in the past, but not always. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 00:28, 8 February 2007 (UTC)
       If you do that, you need to make sure they understand that it's a wikibook though, otherwise they might not understand that you're not asking for personal permission, but rather free licensing.--SB_Johnny | 10:12, 8 February 2007 (UTC)
There are some images on commons for you to use, and so long as they are on commons, you can use them without fear of copyright problems:
* Commons:Monopoly
* Commons:Category:Monopoly
There aren't a lot of images, but this should get you started. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 01:46, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

### Beyond Boardwalk and Park Place Rules copyright

Do we have the right to reproduce the rules from the 1986 book Beyond Boardwalk and Park Place Rules? I suspect not... --AdRiley 21:01, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
    No, for the same reasons that the images are problematic. --SB_Johnny | 23:36, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
    Reproducing the rules verbatim is not allowed, but you are likely allowed to paraphrase them, so long as you offer proper citations. --Whiteknight (talk) (projects) 00:29, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

## Timeline

07/02/2007 AdRiley joined project
07/02/2007 Project Page Created

## Contibutors

AdRiley
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies/Albert Edward Grey
### Albert Edward Grey

* Grey, Albert Edward "Bert" - 1897(WA)-1981(WA) - 6BO Perth (Nedlands, 1925-1932), 6BO Carnarvon (1933), 6AA Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939), amateur operator (RTCP 532, 1920, Marconi & Telefunken; no record of AOCP; 1COCP 35, 1934; TVOCP 278 1960), amateur broadcaster, PMGD (postal assistant, Leederville,1919), RAAF (WW2, radar systems)
A comprehensive biography of Albert Edward "Bert" Grey has not yet been prepared for this Wikibook, however the following resources have been assembled in preparation:
* Research - Albert Edward Grey - Summary of research to date
* Transcriptions and Notes - Albert Edward Grey - More than 50 transcriptions
* Photos, QSL cards and other graphics - Albert Edward Grey - Nothing uploaded as yet, but many relevant QSLs held
* Incubator of Wikipedia Article on Albert Edward Grey - Coming real soon now!
Key internet links:
Neville Williams' biography in "When I think Back . . ." section of Electronics Australia of December 1996
Pending further progress on the foregoing, the following lovely article from Melbourne's Table Talk, summarising Max's life to 1927, and accompanied by a wonderful caricature touches briefly on how much Max contributed to the development of wireless in Australia in the 1920s
* ↑ http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199612.pdf
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Archives

There are numerous archives in Australia and internationally holding material relating to the history of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia.
Foremost among those is the National Archives of Australia.
A Directory of Archives in Australia numbering almost 500 is published by the Australian Society of Archivists.
At this stage, only a small number of key digitised files from the NAA will be transcribed for this Wikibook, and then mostly key correspondence within each file.
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Research

Australian historical researchers have been blessed by the National Library of Australia's Trove, more particularly the Digitised Newspapers which enable personal text correction (line by line) of OCRed scans. While the quality of that OCRed content is initially highly variable, once a researcher has corrected the text, within a few minutes or at most a few hours, the corrected text is indexed and accessible by the normal search processes.
The following is intended to assist editors researching data to further develop this Wikibook:
Gazettes
Newspapers
Magazines and Journals
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Archives/NAA

Foremost among the archives of Australia is the National Archives of Australia.
At this stage, only a small number of key digitised files from the NAA will be transcribed for this Wikibook, and then mostly key correspondence within each file.
The NAA utilises a barcode/item number system to identify each of its individual holdings and that system will also be used here to identify each transcription.
List of partial and complete transcriptions by item number:
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies/Alan Owen Burrows
## Alan Owen Burrows
### Potted Biography

Burrows, Alan Owen [150] - 1901(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - radio correspondent (Sydney Morning Herald, Sydney Sun); proprietor Miss F. V. Wallace (Wireless Shop), 1927-1933; president Waverley Radio Club - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Waverley, 1930-1933) - Comment: Gone too soon

### Brief Biography

Alan Owen Burrows was born 5 February 1901 at Windsor, NSW to Parents Richard Burrows and Eveline Mary Georgina Burrows nee Barraclough. Little is known of his young life, but clearly he had an early interest in journalism, and from 1922 occasional articles appeared in the Sydney Sun on a variety of domestic and radio topics, such as "Jewellery as an Art", "The Public Library", "Jewellery by Auction", "Wireless School at Work", "Everyday Surnames", "The Amateur Bushranger" and "Making it Yourself".
On 5 May 1924, he commenced a regular weekly column with the Sun exclusively devoted to radio and adopted the name "Ad Astra". The column focused upon the practical aspects of listening in, such as construction of sets and choices to be made in part selection.
From 6 August 1924, the name of the column was changed to "Wireless & Radio", together with a fancy graphic masthead, still staying with the Sydney Sun. Like most journalists of the day, he fell in line with the regulator and voiced opinions against inexperienced operators using regenerative sets and unlicensed listers poaching broadcasting programmes. He saw the need for programmes variety being fulfilled by the amateur broadcasters but did not promote individual operators. In November 1924 he was quick to announce two-way communication between Australia & England.
From 12 June 1925, Alan swung his allegiances to The Sydney Morning Herald, initially changing the name of his column to "Wireless Notes and News", but likely after complaint from similarly named columns in NSW, to just "Wireless" (3 July 1925). This column continued, largely unaltered to 20 July 1927.
On 2 August 1927, after more than two years with the SMH, he returned to the Sydney Sun, with the column name returning also to "Wireless & Radio", including even the original masthead graphic. The column continued uninterrupted until the final copy of 30 September 1930.

### Resources

A comprehensive biography of Alan Owen Burrows has not yet been prepared for this Wikibook, however the following resources have been assembled in preparation:
* Research - Alan Owen Burrows - Summary of research to date
* Transcriptions and Notes - Alan Owen Burrows - More than 20 transcriptions and notes in chronological order (reads like a detailed biography)
* Photos, QSL cards and other graphics - Alan Owen Burrows - Nothing uploaded as yet, but several photos identified
* Incubator of Wikipedia Article on Alan Owen Burrows - Coming real soon now!

### Key Articles

Some gems prospected from Trove:
# Iranian History
## Ancient Iran

* Geography of Iran and Ethnological and Political Divisions
* Ancient pre-historic Iran
* The Elamites

## The Achaemenids

* The Medes and the Early Achaemenids
* The Era of the three Dariuses
* Alexander's Campaign and the Macedonian Conquest of Persia
* The Seleucids

## The Parthians

* The Early Arsacids 251 BC - 12 AD
* The Later Arsacids 12 AD - 226 AD

## The Sassanians

* The Early Sassanians 226 - 379 AD
* The Middle Sassanian Period 379 - 488 AD
* Qobad I and the Two Khusros 488 - 629 AD
* Anarchy and Downfall of the Sassanian Empire
* Last Remnants of Sassanian Rule

## Advent of Islam

* The Islamic Conquest of Iran
* The Umayyad Caliphate
* The Abbasid Caliphate
* /The Indigenous Dynasties: The Tahirids, the Samanids and the Saffarids
* Age of Literary Accomplishments

## The Early Medieval Period

* Mahmud Ghaznavi
* The Later Ghaznavids and the Seljuqs
* The Empire of Khwarezm
* Origin of Sufism

## The Mongols and the Ilkhanids

* The Invasion of Genghis Khan
* Halaku Khan and The Muslim Ilkhans
* Timur and the end of Mongol Rule

## The Golden Age of Iranian Civilization

* The Early Safavids
* Abbas I or Shah Abbas
* The Later Saffavids

## Nader Shah and the Qajars

* Nader Shah
* The Zand Dynasty
* The Rise of the Qajars
* The Great Game
* Modernity and The Rise of Islamic Fundamentalism
* The Iranian Constitional Revolution

## Modern Iran

* The Pahlavis
* Ayatollah Khomeini and The Islamic Revolution
* The Islamic Republic of Iran
Bibliography
# Io Programming/Binding Io to C++

The following code example shows a simple class bound to Io. The binding was tested to work, but it may not be fully correct.
The IoBindingTest class only stores a number, with the usual setter and getter accessors. Also, two instances of the class can be compared to each other. The class has the regular constructor, as well as a copy constructor, and a constructor that takes a number. The copy constructor is used in the binding when creating a clone.
The binding class creates a bunch of static class functions, which can be accessed from C code, such as Io's VM, for using the test class' similarly named instance methods. Also, the binding class has methods specific to the Io VM (proto, tag, rawClone, mark, free), and a final function to add the binding to the VM at runtime.
The proto function is used for creating the initial prototype in the Io VM.
The addBinding function is used to put the prototype of our object into the Io VM at runtime.
The mark function is used by the garbage collector. If the C++ object has references to other objects in the Io VM, they must also be marked.
free is pretty self-explanatory, this is where the C++ object should be freed/deleted, if appropriate.
The following three functions are the actual bindings of the instance methods, so that they can be called from a script.
# Must Have List for Io 1.0 (Brainstorm)

This is from http://www.quag.geek.nz/io/musthaves1.0.html
* Date rewrite to take timezone offsets into account
* Sequence renamed to String
* Complex numbers

## Documentation additions and improvements

* Tutorials need to be written
** Io Programming/Writing Bindings Tutorial would be helpful
** Io Programming/Objective-C Tutorial would be helpful
* Reference
** Make top-level link on iolanguage.com to references.
** Doc strings for all methods.
** Examples for many methods.

## Security / Testing

* Security Audit
* Security Policy
* Safe Sandbox
* Regression Testing
* maybe? waterken web calculus

## Bindings

* xml
* postgres
* mysql

## Misc Changes

* Unicode Support in Strings
* Binary Modules (dynamically loading bindings)
* Regular expression callbacks.
* printf (style) formatting would be handy to make porting software easier.
* HTTP server (Needs explanation)
* Readline style input
** Arrow up / down to see a history of lines entered

# Must Have List for Io 2.0 (Brainstorm)

* JIT compilation
** Rewrite portions of Io that can take advantage of JIT in Io
# Io Programming/Pitfalls
## Subtle Io pitfalls
### Object initialization

Now, you can use the A object, but the A object is not yet initialized (by the init method). The init method is only called when the A object is cloned. This can for instance "bite" you if you implement your own clone method for an object.

### Reading variables/slots that contains activable objects

If a variable/slot is assigned with an activable object, you need to use getSlot("varname") to get the same object. Otherwise, the object will be activated and you will get the result of the activation instead. One such activable object is a method.
For example, if you want to do some introspection, and inspect the methods of an object:

## Bugs
### Self Referential Prototype

Trying to set the prototype of an object to the object being contained by that object like this:
Can cause IoVM to die with Segmentation Fault. You need to replace that code with something that looks like this:
A is known to the parser but has no sane value in memory in the first use, so it tries to append invalid memory to the list of prototypes. In the second form the slot is both known to the parser and also filled with a valid object, so it works.
# OpenSCAD User Manual/CSG Export

The CSG Format is a subset of the OpenSCAD file format.
Being a subset, CSG is much easier to read/interpret for other CAD software, than a direct OpenSCAD File.
Currently, FreeCAD can import CSG, but it does not support the full format.
Using FreeCAD, OpenSCAD files can be converted into step files. (Of course, the limitations of the FreeCAD import have to be kept in mind, when using FreeCAD as a converter.)

## See Also

* https://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/OpenSCAD_Module
* https://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/OpenSCAD_CSG
* https://github.com/openscad/openscad/wiki/CSG-File-Format

## Previous

STL Export

## Next

DXF Extrusion
# OpenSCAD User Manual/Command Glossary

This is a Quick Reference; a short summary of all the commands without examples, just the basic syntax. The headings are links to the full chapters.
Please be warned: The Command Glossary is presently outdated (03 2015).
Please have a look at the Cheatsheet, instead:
http://www.openscad.org/cheatsheet/

## Modules

Variables can be default initialized <var1>=<defaultvalue>
In module you can use children to refer to all child nodes, or children(i) where i is between 0 and $children.

## Include Statement

After 2010.02
filename could use directory (with / char separator).
Prior to 2010.02

## Other Language Features

When $fa and $fs are used to determine the number of fragments for a circle, then OpenSCAD never uses less than 5 fragments.
The $t variable is used for animation. If you enable the animation frame with view->animate and give a value for "FPS" and "Steps", the "Time" field shows the current value of $t.
# OpenSCAD User Manual/Changing the colour of an object

To draw pieces of different colours, use the instruction color in front of the piece.
To do color: color("red") cube(20); specify the color with the name in commas.
To do a transparency: color("green",0.5) cylinder(r=20, h=30); insert an optional parameter with value in 0 to 1
To do with RGB color: color([150/255, 60/255, 200/255],0.8) sphere(20);
We can define the color with the RGB code, dividing every number in 255 or/and adding a transparency.
# OpenSCAD User Manual/CGAL From Source

This page is intended for cases where the process at OpenSCAD_User_Manual/Building_on_Linux/UNIX has failed for some reason. Please file an issue on OpenSCAD's github if the above process did not work for you. In the meantime, these instructions might provide a workaround solution for you.
# Open Education Handbook/History of the OER movement

The Free to Learn Guide offers a brief history of the OER movement. The MIT OpenCourseWare project is seen as the first recognised OER project, though the open education movement predates this event with roots in open source, open and distance learning and open knowledge. David Wiley coined the term open content in 1998 and OER was first used at UNESCO's 2002 Forum on the Impact of Open Courseware for Higher Education in Developing Countries. In September 2007 a meeting in Cape Town led to the Cape Town Open Education Declaration release on 22 January 2008.
The OER movement is comprised of four main categories (from SPARC site):
* OpenCouseWare (OCW): OpenCourseWare is the digital publication of high quality educational materials that are freely and openly licensed, and are available online to anyone, anytime. They frequently include course planning and evaluation tools along with thematic content. OpenCourseWare initiatives range in scope from mirroring traditional classroom sized endeavors, to the emerging MOOC (massive open online course) model, which enables large-scale participation by anyone with Internet access.
* OER Publishers: The rapid rise in the cost of textbooks, combined with the high demand for affordable alternatives, has led to the emergence of new open publishing efforts for textbooks and other OER. This category also includes initiatives geared toward developing specific collections of OER, such as the Khan Academy and Saylor Foundation.
* OER Repositories: Digital repositories have evolved into a convenient place to find, share and remix OER from a variety of sources. They range in scope from portals and gateways that provide access to information on OER and aggregated content resources to institutional repositories with source content and tools to develop OER.
* Publicly-Funded Initiatives: Increasingly, policymakers on the local, state and national levels are developing policies that encourage the creation and adoption of OER. Approaches vary from directly funding the creation of OER to conditioning federal or state research dollars to require that any Education Resources produced as a result of that funding be made openly accessible. (See POERUP and OER Policy in Europe)

### Further resources

* Open Education Timeline by the Open Education Working Group
* OER History (University of Maryland)
* History of OER by David Wiley
* OER History (video) by Bernard Nkuyubwatsi
* Kernohan, David and Amber Thomas (2012) OER - a historical perspective
* Open educational resources - the story so far (JISC)
# Open Education Handbook/Licence

The Open Education Handbook is licenced under a the following Creative Commons licence.
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
This license lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon this work (even commercially) as long as credit is provided for the original creation. This is among the most accommodating of CC licenses offered, and recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials.
Note: The CC-BY licence applies to the Open Education Handbook 2014 published by Open Knowledge, which was the basis for this Wikibook. Alterations made on Wikibooks are dual licensed under the CC-BY-SA 3.0 license and the GNU Free Documentation License.