# Flora of New York/Clade Carex

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## New York State Carex cladogram

* Based on the intermediate framework recommended by the Global Carex Group (2021) and Flora of North America.
* Subsectional grouping for sect. Ovales is from Hipp, Reznicek, Rothrock, Weber (2006).
* Carex
* subg. Siderosticta
* (0)
* subg. Psyllophorae
* (0)
* subg. Euthyceras   B.
* Rara Clade - § Leptocephalae - Carex leptalea (Bristle-stalked sedge) N5
* Capitata Clade
* § Capituligerae
* Carex capitata (Capitate sedge) N0
* Carex arctogena (Tufted black sedge) N0
* § Leucoglochin
* Carex microglochin (Fewseeded bog sedge) N0
* § Nardinae
* Carex nardina (Spike sedge) N0
* Pauciflora Clade
* § Leucoglochin - Carex pauciflora (Few-flowered sedge) N5
* subg. Uncinia
* D.   sect. Phyllostachyae - § Phyllostachyae
* Carex willdenowii (Willdenow's sedge) N4
* Carex backii (Back's sedge) N3
* Carex jamesii (James' sedge) N2-3
* Carex juniperorum (Juniper sedge) N0
* subg. Vignea
* C.
* Echinata Clade - § Stellulatae
* Carex echinata (Star sedge) N5
* Carex interior (Inland sedge) N5
* Carex atlantica ssp. atlantica (Wide-leaved prickly bog sedge) N5
* Carex atlantica ssp. capillacea (Narrow-leaved prickly bog sedge) N
* Carex exilis (Meager sedge) N4
* Carex seorsa (Weak stellate sedge) N4
* Carex sterilis (Dioecious sedge) N4
* Carex wiegandii (Wiegand's sedge) N1
* sect. Glareosae - § Glareosae
* Carex canescens ssp. canescens (Typical hoary sedge) N5
* Carex canescens ssp. disjuncta (Silvery sedge) N
* Carex brunnescens (Brownish sedge) N5
* Carex trisperma (Three-seeded sedge) N5
* Carex billingsii (Billings’ sedge) N
* Carex arcta (Northern clustered sedge) N1
* Carex tenuiflora (Sparse-flowered sedge) N1-2
* D.
* sect. Deweyanae - § Deweyanae
* Carex deweyana var. deweyana (Dewey's sedge) N5
* Carex bromoides ssp. bromoides (Brome-like sedge) N5
* E.
* sect. Phaestoglochin - § Phaestoglochin - Carex spicata ssp. spicata (Spiked sedge) X
* Annectens Clade
* § Vulpinae
* Carex stipata (Awl-fruited sedge) N5
* Carex laevivaginata (Smooth-sheathed sedge) N5
* Carex alopecoidea (Foxtail sedge) N5
* Carex conjuncta (Soft fox sedge) N1
* § Heleoglochin
* Carex diandra (Lesser-panicled sedge) N5
* Carex prairea (Prairie sedge) N5
* Carex decomposita (Cypress-knee sedge) NH
* § Multiflorae
* Carex vulpinoidea (Fox sedge) N5
* Carex annectens (Yellow-fruited sedge) N5
* § Phaestoglochin
* Carex cephaloidea (Thin-leaf sedge) N5
* Carex cephalophora (Oval-headed sedge) N5
* Carex sparganioides (Bur-reed sedge) N5
* Carex muehlenbergii var muehlenbergii (Muhlenberg's sedge) N4
* Carex muehlenbergii var enervis (Muhlenberg’s veinless sedge) N3
* Carex mesochorea (Midland sedge) N2
* Carex aggregata (Glomerate sedge) N2
* Carex leavenworthii (Leavenworth's sedge) N?
* § Divisae
* Carex praegracilis (Clustered field sedge) X-NA
* sect. Physoglochin
* § Physoglochin - Carex alascana (Northern bog sedge) N1
* G.
* sect. Macrocephalae
* § Macrocephalae - Carex kobomugi (Asian sand sedge) X-A
* Rosea Clade
* § Phaestoglochin
* Carex rosea (Rosy sedge) N5
* Carex radiata (Eastern star sedge) N5
* Carex appalachica (Appalachian sedge) N5
* Carex retroflexa (Reflexed sedge) N4
* Carex texensis (Texas sedge) X-NA
* H.
* sect. Dispermae
* § Dispermae - Carex disperma (Soft-leaved sedge) N5
* Disticha Clade
* § Ammoglochin - Carex siccata (Dry-spike sedge) N5
* § Holarrhenae - Carex sartwellii (Sartwell's sedge) N1-2
* sect. Chordorrhizae
* § Chordorrhizae - Carex chordorrhiza (Creeping sedge) N2-3
* I.
* sect. Cyperoideae
* § Cyperoideae
* Carex sychnocephala (Many-headed sedge) N1
* § Ovales
* "Festucaceae"
* Carex scoparia (Pointed broom sedge) N5
* Carex normalis (Greater straw sedge) N5
* Carex tenera (Delicate quill sedge) N5
* Carex echinodes (Prickly quill sedge) N1
* Carex bebbii (Bebb's sedge) N5
* Carex brevior (Short-beaked sedge) N5
* Carex crawfordii (Crawford's sedge) N4
* Carex festucacea (Fescue sedge) N4
* Carex bicknellii (Bicknell's sedge) N3
* Carex merritt-fernaldii (Fernald's sedge) N2-3
* Carex molesta (Troublesome sedge) N2-3
* Carex tincta (Tinged sedge) NH
* "Tribuloideae"
* Carex tribuloides (Blunt broom sedge) N5
* Carex projecta (Necklace sedge) N5
* Carex cristatella (Crested sedge) N5
* Carex muskingumensis (Muskingum sedge) X-NA
* "Alatae"
* Carex alata (Broadwing sedge) N4
* Carex longii (Long's sedge) N
* Carex albolutescens (Greenish-white sedge) N
* Carex cumulata (Clustered sedge) N2-3
* "Fetae"
* Carex silicea (Sea-beach sedge) N4
* Carex hormathodes (Marsh straw sedge) N2-3
* Carex straminea (Eastern straw sedge) N1
* "Foeneae"
* Carex foenea (Hay sedge) N5
* Carex argyrantha (Silvery-flowered sedge) N4
* Carex adusta (Lesser brown sedge) N1
* subg. Carex
* IS. sect. Secalinae - § Secalinae - Carex secalina (Rye sedge) X-EA
* A. sect. Albae - § Albae - Carex eburnea (Bristle-leaved sedge) N4
* B. Sect. Cryptostachyae
* C. Decora Clade
* D. Tristachya Clade
* E.
* Flacca Clade -
* § Thuringiaca
* Carex flacca ssp. flacca (Heath sedge) X-E
* sect. Panicae
* § Bicolores
* Carex aurea (Golden-fruited sedge) N5
* Carex garberi (Elk sedge) N1
* § Paniceae
* Carex tetanica (Rigid sedge) N5
* Carex woodii (Wood’s sedge) N5
* Carex livida (Livid sedge) N1
* Carex meadii (Mead's sedge) N1
* Carex vaginata (Sheathed sedge) N1
* Carex panicea (Grass-like sedge) X-NA
* § Laxiflorae
* Carex laxiflora (Broad looseflower sedge) N5
* Carex gracilescens (Slender loose-flowered sedge) N5
* Carex leptonervia (Nerveless woodland sedge ) N5
* Carex blanda (Eastern woodland sedge) N5
* Carex albursina (White bear sedge) N5
* Carex ormostachya (Necklace spike sedge) N4
* Carex striatula (Lined sedge) N1
* Carex styloflexa (Bent sedge) N1
* F. Fastigata Clade
* G. sect. Pictae
* § Clandestinae - Carex pedunculata ssp. pedunculata (Long-stalked sedge) N5
* H. Hirta Clade
* § Paludosae
* Carex lacustris (Lake sedge) N5
* Carex lasiocarpa ssp. americana (American woolly-fruited sedge) N5
* Carex pellita (Woolly sedge) N5
* Carex striata (Walter's sedge) N2
* Carex houghtoniana (Houghton's sedge) N2
* § Carex
* Carex trichocarpa (Hairy-fruited sedge) N4
* Carex atherodes (Wheat sedge) N3
* Carex hirta (Hairy sedge) X-E
* § Vesicariae
* Carex lurida (Sallow sedge) N5
* Carex baileyi (Bailey's sedge) N5
* Carex comosa (Bristly sedge) N5
* Carex hystericina (Porcupine sedge) N5
* Carex pseudocyperus (Cyperus-like sedge) N5
* Carex schweinitzii (Schweinitz's sedge) N2-3
* Carex retrorsa (Retrorse sedge) N5
* Carex tuckermanii (Tuckerman's sedge) N5
* Carex utriculata (Beaked sedge) N5
* Carex vesicaria (Blister sedge) N5
* Carex oligosperma (Few-seeded sedge) N3
* Carex bullata (Button sedge) N1
* § Lupulinae
* Carex lupulina (Hop sedge) N5
* Carex intumescens (Bladder sedge) N5
* Carex grayi (Bladder sedge) N5
* Carex lupuliformis (False hop sedge) N2
* § Squarrosae
* Carex frankii (Frank's sedge) N1
* I.
* sect. Longirostres
* § Hymenochlaenae - Carex sprengelii (Long-beaked sedge) N5
* sect. Racemosae
* § Racemosae
* Carex buxbaumii (Buxbaum's sedge) N2
* Carex atratiformis (Scabrous black sedge) N1
* J. sect. Stylosae - § Phacocystis - Carex haydenii (Hayden's sedge) N2
* K.
* sect. Phacocystis - § Phacocystis
* C. crinita clade
* Carex crinita (Fringed sedge) N5
* Carex gynandra (Nodding sedge) N5
* Carex torta (Twisted sedge) N5
* Carex mitchelliana (Mitchell's sedge) N1-2
* C. aquatilis clade
* Carex aquatilis (Water sedge) N5
* Carex lenticularis (Lakeshore sedge) N5
* Carex emoryi (Emory's sedge) N1
* C. bigelowii clade
* Carex stricta (Tussock sedge) N5
* Carex bigelowii (Bigelow's sedge) N2
* w. palearctic clade
* Carex nigra (Smooth black sedge) N1
* L.
* Barrattii Clade - § Limosae - Carex barrattii (Barratt's sedge) N1
* sect. Limosae
* § Limosae
* Carex limosa (Mud sedge) N5
* Carex magellanica ssp. irrigua (Boreal bog sedge) N4
* sect. Squarrosae
* § Squarrosae
* Carex squarrosa (Squarrose sedge) N5
* Carex typhina (Cattail sedge) N1
* § Shortianae
* Carex shortiana (Short's sedge) N1
* Prasina Clade - § Hymenochlaenae - Carex prasina (Drooping sedge) N5
* M.
* Incertae Sedis - § Anomalae - Carex scabrata
* sect. Paludosae - § Paludosae - Carex acutiformis (I)
* Vestita Clade - § Paludosae - Carex vestita (Velvet sedge) N5
* sect. Scirpinae
* § Scirpinae - Carex scirpoidea (Canadian single-spike sedge) N1
* Castanea Clade
* § Hymenochlaenae
* "Gracillimae"
* Carex gracillima (Graceful sedge) N5
* Carex aestivalis (Summer sedge) N4
* Carex × aestivaliformis (False summer sedge) N
* Carex davisii (Davis' sedge) N2
* Carex formosa (Handsome sedge) N2
* "Arctatae"
* Carex arctata (Drooping woodland sedge) N5
* Carex debilis  var. rudgei (Rudge’s sedge) N5
* Carex debilis  var. debilis (White-edged sedge) N2
* Carex castanea (Chestnut sedge) N4
* Carex venusta (Dark-green sedge) N1
* Carex × knieskerni (Knieskern’s sedge) N
* § Porocystis
* Carex pallescens (Pales sedge) N5
* Carex hirsutella (Hairy-leaved sedge) N5
* Carex swanii (Swan's sedge) N5
* Carex virescens (Ribbed sedge) N5
* Carex bushii (Bush's sedge) N3
* Carex caroliniana (Carolina sedge) N1
* § Hirtifoliae
* Carex hirtifolia (Pubescent sedge) N5
* § Paniceae
* Carex polymorpha (Variable sedge) NH
* N.
* sect. Griseae
* § Granulares
* Carex granularis (Limestone meadow sedge) N5
* Carex crawei (Crawe's sedge) N2
* § Careyanae
* Carex digitalis var. digitalis (Slender woodland sedge) N5
* Carex abscondita (Thicket sedge) N1
* Carex laxiculmis var. laxiculmis (Spreading sedge) N5
* Carex laxiculmis var. copulata (Bright-green spreading sedge) N4
* Carex platyphylla (Broad-leaved sedge) N5
* Carex careyana (Carey's sedge) N1
* Carex plantaginea (Plantain-leaved sedge) N5
* § Griseae
* Carex hitchcockiana (Hitchcock's sedge) N3
* Carex glaucodea (Blue sedge) N2
* Carex conoidea (Open-field sedge) N5
* Carex grisea (Inflated narrow-leaved sedge) N5
* Carex amphibola (Eastern narrow-leaved sedge) N1
* Carex oligocarpa (Eastern few-fruited sedge) N4
* sect. Collinsiae
* § Collinsiae - Carex collinsii (Collins' sedge) N1
* O.
* Esquiroliana Clade (0)
* P.
* sect. Chlorostachyae - § Chlorostachyae - Carex capillaris ssp. capillaris (Hair-like sedge) (N1)
* Q.
* sect. Rostrales - § Rostrales
* Carex folliculata (Long sedge)
* Carex michauxiana (Michaux's sedge)
* sect. Spirostachyae - § Spirostachyae - Carex extensa (Long-bracted Sedge) European
* sect. Sylvaticae - § Sylvaticae - Carex sylvatica (European woodland sedge) (I)
* sect. Ceratocystis - § Ceratocystis
* Carex flava (Yellow sedge) N5
* Carex viridula var. viridula (Green sedge) N5
* Carex cryptolepis (Small yellow sedge) N3
* R. Fulginosa Clade (0)
* S. sect. Hymenochlaenae - § Hymenochlaenae - Carex cherokeensis (Cherokee sedge) NL
* T. Hallerianae–Digitatae Clade (0)
* U. Setigera–Haematostoma Clade (0)
* V. Concinna Clade
* § Clandestinae - Carex richardsonii (Richardson's sedge) NX
* W. sect. Acrocystis
* America
* East
* Carex pensylvanica (Pennsylvania sedge) N5
* Carex lucorum (Blue Ridge sedge) N4
* Carex tonsa (Shaved sedge) N5
* Carex rugosperma (Parachute sedge) N5
* Carex umbellata (Parasol sedge) N5
* Carex albicans var. albicans (White-tinged sedge) N5
* Carex nigromarginata (Black-edge sedge) N1-3
* Carex reznicekii (Reznicek's sedge) N1-2
* Carex emmonsii (Emmons' sedge) N3
* Carex novae-angliae (New England sedge) N4
* West
* Carex communis (Fibrous-rooted sedge) N5
* Carex deflexa var. deflexa (Northern sedge) N3-4
* Carex peckii (Peck's sedge) N4
* Western America Clade (0)
* Eurasia
* Carex montana (Mountain sedge) X
* X. Mitrata Clade - § Mitratae - Carex caryophyllea (Spring sedge) (X)
* ↑ Global Carex Group: Roalson EH, Jiménez-Mejías P, et al (2021) A framework infrageneric classification of Carex (Cyperaceae) and its organizing principles. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 59:726–762. Main Article - Appendix
* ↑ Peter W. Ball, A. A. Reznicek, Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Vol. 23: 26 Carex. New York and Oxford. Accessed 1/21/2024
* ↑ Hipp, Andrew & Reznicek, Anton & Rothrock, Paul & Weber, Jaime. (2006). Phylogeny and Classification of Carex Section Ovales (Cyperaceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences - INT J PLANT SCI. 167. 10.1086/505538.