OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# History of video games/Platforms/SquareOne
## History

The console was developed by the startup Wizama of France.
The console was shown at CES 2019 and CES 2020.
The console was expected to be released in Fall of 2022 for a price of 499 euros.

## Technology
### Compute

The system was equipped with 2 gigabytes of RAM.
The system could be made with either 64 gigabytes or 128 gigabytes of internal storage.

### Input

NFC and Bluetooth are used by the console in conjunction with a touchscreen to simulate the board of a board game.
Games were installed via digital download.

## Games
### Chromacy

A strategy game.

## Refrences

* 1 2 Rubin, Ross (May 20, 2022). "Startups remake classic games for the digital era" (in en). ZDNET. https://www.zdnet.com/article/startups-remake-classic-games-for-the-digital-era/.
* 1 2 3 "SquareOne Returns to CES Las Vegas" (in en). Elektor. https://www.elektormagazine.com/news/squareone-returns-to-ces-of-las-vegas.
* 1 2 3 4 5 Priday, Richard (11 January 2020). "SquareOne wants to be your all-digital board game collection" (in en). Tom's Guide. https://www.tomsguide.com/news/squareone-wants-to-be-your-all-digital-board-game-collection.
* ↑ Caballero, David (January 8, 2019). "Wizama's SquareOne is a digital board game console" (in en). Gamereactor UK. https://www.gamereactor.eu/wizamas-squareone-is-a-digital-board-game-console/.
# History of video games/Platforms/Super Cassette Vision
## History
### Launch

The Super Cassette Vision was released by Epoch in 1984 to replace the older 1981 Epoch Cassette Vision and the cost reduced 1983 Epoch Cassette Vision Jr.
On launch the Super Cassette Vision sold well in Japan, as well as in France.
The Super Cassette Vision Lady was launched in 1985 and marketed to women. This was the first notable console to pursue this strategy, later followed by others such as the Casio Loopy.

## Technology
### Compute

The Super Cassette Vision used an 8-bit NEC PD7801G CPU (Based on the Z80) clocked at 4 megahertz.
The system had 128 bytes of RAM and four kilobytes of VRAM.

## Notable games

* Lupin III
* Dragon Ball: Dragon Daihikyō
* Miner 2049er
* Boulder Dash
* Doraemon Nobita's Time Machine the Great Adventure
* Mappy
* Pole Position II

## Gallery
### Super Cassette Vision

* The system featured both RF and RGB outputs.
* The system rear also featured a power jack, as well as an RGB or RF channel selector.
* The bottom part of the unit served as a handy container for storing controllers while not in use.

### Motherboard

* Super Cassette Vision motherboard assembly from the front left.
* Super Cassette Vision motherboard assembly from the front right.
* Super Cassette Vision motherboard assembly from the back left.
* Super Cassette Vision motherboard assembly from the back right.
* The bottom of the motherboard. Note the large Capacitor protruding from the daughterboard near the power input.

## References

* 1 2 "Japanese Company Made Consoles For Girls, And Also Cute Toys". Kotaku. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ "Epoch Super Cassette Vision (1984 - late 1980s)". Museum of Obsolete Media. 8 March 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
* ↑ "Super Lady Cassette Vision – The Video Game Kraken". Retrieved 27 November 2020.
* ↑ "The Most Unusual Video Game Consoles" (in en). PCMAG. https://www.pcmag.com/news/the-most-unusual-video-game-consoles. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* ↑ Packwood, Lewis (15 July 2018). "In the Loopy: the story of Casio's crazy 90s console" (in en). Eurogamer. https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2018-07-15-in-the-loopy-the-story-of-casios-crazy-90s-console. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
* 1 2 "OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum". www.old-computers.com. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
# Historical Geology/Glacial marine sediment

In this article we shall discuss the deposition of glacial till in a marine environment. Readers may find it useful to refresh their memory of the relevant terminology by looking back at the article on glaciers.

## Deposition of glacial marine sediment

The mechanism by which glaciers form and move has already been discussed in the main article on glaciers.
In that article we discussed the sediment deposited by the ablation of glaciers on land. Glacial marine sediment is formed when instead glaciers ablate into the sea: the rafts of ice so formed are carried out to the open sea by currents, carrying glacial till with them; when they eventually melt, they deposit this sediment.
It follows from their mode of transportation that although glacial marine sediments are composed of the same sort of material as glacial sediment on land, this material will be arranged quite differently: on land, we find the coarser material arranged in moraines, while the finer material is carried off by meltwater and spread across outwash plains. At sea, by contrast, the coarser sediment will be deposited at random among the finer sediment.

## Glacial marine sedimentary rocks: how do we know?

We can observe present-day glacial marine sediment in the Arctic and Antarctic. The areas marked in cyan on the map to the right show where glacial marine sediments are presently being deposited. These sediments have sufficiently distinctive characteristics that when we find rocks with the same characteristics in the geological record, we are entitled to deduce that they are lithified glacial marine sediments.
The marine fossils in such rocks identify them as being marine. What identifies them as glacial is their unique structure. This consists principally of finely ground rock flour, often lacking layering, scattered throughout with dropstones: boulders and cobbles which have been rafted out to sea on glacial ice and then sank when the ice melted.
Being glacial material, dropstones are often unrounded or poorly rounded. Furthermore, some of them will betray clear signs of their glacial nature by being polished and striated as a result of being dragged along at the base of the glacier.
These features allow us to identify glacial marine sedimentary rocks. Our ability to do so helps us to find out about climatic conditions in the past; we shall discuss this further when we address paleoclimatology.
← Deposition rates · Saline giants →
# Intellectual Property and the Internet

This book looks at the history of intellectual property laws and their effects on the internet.

## Table of Contents
### Legal Concepts

* Intellectual property
* Copyright
* Copyright infringement
* Injunction

### Technical Concepts

* Domain Name System
* Internet service providers
* Cloud computing
* Digital media
* Hyperlinks
* Virtual private networks
* Deep packet inspection
* IP address
* Web browsers
* Streaming media
* Proxy servers
* Search engines
* Anonymizers
* Online Advertising

### History and Legislation

* SOPA
* PROTECT IP Act
* OPEN Act
* Digital Millennium Copyright Act
* PRO-IP Act
* Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act
* DDL intercettazioni
* First Amendment to the United States Constitution
* Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China
* Italian Wikipedia

### Societal Issues

* Free and open source software
* DNS hijacking
* Freedom of speech
* Network neutrality
* Internet security
* Internet censorship
* Chilling effect
* Whistleblowing
* Electronic commerce
* Counterfeit consumer goods

### Players

* American Library Association
# How to Frame a Picture/Fitting glass

The glass should be cut 1/8" smaller than the frame itself, however this should be achieved not by adjusting the size of the glass but by making the dimensions of the frame 1/8" larger than the objects to be placed in it.
# How to Frame a Picture

    For information about creating a nice photo see the OC Photography Program, or tips on Digital Photography/Taking Digital Photos.
Creating a frame for a picture can be an expensive and confusing task. This Wikibook attempts to address this by providing instructions to allow you to do it yourself!
The book is currently broken into pages, which attempt to address the various stages required to produce a basic, though gallery quality, picture frame. There are additional pages which address special techniques and outline methods to handle complex items (such as boxing gloves).
This book began life as a summary of experience from someone new to the area, and will hopefully be built upon to become a useful reference and guide.

## Contents
### Basic techniques

* Equipment required (August 6, 2005)
* Material required (August 6, 2005)
** Choosing colours and styles (July 16, 2005)
* Calculate the sizes (August 6, 2005)
* Creating a frame (July 16, 2005)
* Fitting glass (July 16, 2005)
* Adding matt-board (July 16, 2005)
* Final assembly (and keeping out bugs) (July 16, 2005)

### Advanced techniques

* Tips for pastel drawings (July 16, 2005)
* Tips for thick objects (July 16, 2005)
* Tips for cloth (July 16, 2005)
* Machine cut matting (July 16, 2005)
* Tips for setting up a workshop (July 16, 2005)
* Fixing common problems (July 16, 2005)

## Contributing to this book

(Following text derived from: Blender_3D:_Noob_to_Pro)
If you would like to contribute to this book, you are strongly encouraged (read "begged") to do so! There are a couple of things you may wish to do:
(Note to Firefox users: There is a useful toolbar just for editing wiki pages.)

### Editing a page

Simply click on the "edit this page" link at the top of whichever page you would like to edit! Your contribution will be immediately made live, but will also be quickly reviewed, so using these pages to link to your favourite pornographic site is a waste of time and energy, as offending additions will be quickly removed. You can also ask questions and make comments about each page by clicking the "discussion" link at the top of the page.

### Adding a page

If you would like to add a page to the book, such as a new tutorial page or a reference page, create a link to it under Contents section on this very page. Then with that link live, click it to be taken to the new page where you will be able to create content for the page.

## Authors

Quiettype - Initial idea and outline

## See also

Google for links to lots of commercial sites with reference guides.

### References

* "The complete guide to Picture Framing" by Jenny Rodwell and George Short (Black Cat)
* "Picture framing made easy" by Penelope Stokes (Blandford Press) ISBN 0-7137-1851-X
* "Picture Framing. A practical guide to all aspects of the art and the craft" by Pete Bingham (Merehurst) ISBN 185-391-1615
# How to Frame a Picture/Calculate the sizes

* Keep a workbook of notes and measurements, so that you can track back specifics
* Extra space at bottom of frame, unless frame re-use needed.
* Always measure off the frame
Matt width - 5cm.
The calculations are in centimeters.
| | Width | Height | |
| Artwork | <ArtWidth> | <ArtHeight> | |
| Inner edge (red) | <ArtWidth> - 1 | <ArtHeight> - 1 | Need overlap to keep picture in place |
| Matt size (green) | <ArtWidth>-1 + (2*<MattWidth>) | <ArtHeight>-1 + (2*<MattHeight>) +1 | extra matt at bottom to stop optical illusion of frame leaning forward |
| Frame size (blue) | <ArtWidth>-1+(2*<MattWidth>) +(2*<FrameWidth>) | <ArtHeight>-1+(2*<MattHeight>)+1 +(2*<FrameHeight>) |
Which means that ...
you need this much frame prior to cutting: left + right + top + bottom
2*(<ArtWidth>-1+(2*<MattWidth>)+(2*<FrameWidth>))+ 2 * (<ArtHeight>-1+(2*<MattHeight>)+1+(2*<FrameHeight>)) = (2*<ArtWidth>)-2+(4*<MattWidth>)+(4*<FrameWidth>)+ (2*<ArtHeight>)+(4*<MattHeight>)+(4*<FrameHeight>)

## Measuring for Mounts

    Someone should merge this section into the above.
Calculating the Mount Size (to be cut from a sheet of mount board).
* Decide how much of the picture you want to show (add to, or take away from the art size) = WINDOW SIZE.
* Decide how much mount you want around the window (margins).
** Top and both sides are the same.
** For bottom margin allow extra 20% to compensate for the optical illusion which makes the bottom border seem narrower than it actually is.
** Standard margin sizes:
*** Top and sides 50mm, bottom 65mm.
*** Top and sides 65mm, bottom 75mm.
*** Top and sides 75mm, bottom 90mm.
** Allow for width of frame rebate by adding that amount to each margin width = MARGIN WIDTH.
* Therefore MOUNT HEIGHT = rebate allowance + top margin + window height + bottom margin + rebate allowance.
* Therefore MOUNT WIDTH = rebate allowance + right margin + window width + left margin + rebate allowance.
* Therefore MOUNT SIZE = MOUNT HEIGHT * MOUNT WIDTH
# How to Frame a Picture/Choosing colours and styles

When choosing the appropriate surround for artwork, it is helpful to keep in mind several variables:
* Do you need to crop the picture?
* Is the piece destined for a single location?
* What materials do you have on hand?
* Will you need to re-use the frame?
And finally, and probably most importantly:
# How to Frame a Picture/Equipment required
## Equipment suggested for picture framing

* Sharp pencil (2B recommended, as it will leave clear sharp lines)
* Notebook (for recording colours for matboard, frame types and measurements - and for calculating costs)
* Retractable tape measure
* Metal ruler
* Sharp knife
    Retractable snap-off bladed knife works well.

### Frame cutting and assembly

* Mitre saw, or guillotine
* Bounding tape thing
* Corner tacking gun, with tacks

### Glass cutting

* Oil filled glass cutter
* Cotton gloves

### Mat cutting

* Square and rightangle ruler based cutter
    Note: a ruler and a knife just doesn't cut it ;)

## Advanced stuff
### Storage
#### Mat board

The spare mat board is easy to store in an old map drawer cabinet. These can be often be picked up at ex-government furniture stores.

#### Frame material

Standing against the wall, or up in the rafters.
# How to Frame a Picture/Creating a frame
### Check

* Sanity check measurements

### Cut

* Make clean cuts, taking care to approach the line.
* Undercut the edge to ensure tight fit on corner.
[Include profile shot of cutout of frame edge]

### Assemble

* Use masking tape to temporarily hold frame in place.

### Check

Place the frame over the artwork to check that it's the right shape and size.

### Glue

* Add glue to edges
* Tape
* Use band to hold frame in place
* When tightening, check that the frame comes below the middle line of the frame, to ensure a tight edge on the face.

### Pin

* Check for staples length pushing though the frame, especially for routed edges.

### Check

* Glue on the front face
# How to Frame a Picture/Final assembly

* Clean glass
* Assemble pieces
* Check the look of the front
For each side:
* Lay down tape
* Push it into corners and around the pins
* Add eyehooks
* Secure the hanging cord
# How to Frame a Picture/Material required

When selecting a frame, decide on the colour, window size and area of the mount. (A pale colour makes the picture look larger; a dark colour makes the picture look smaller). Normally, a frame is sold in a long strip which needs to be cut to size.
You will also need:
* Glass
* Matt board
* Foam core
* Sealing tape
* Wood glue
* Pins for securing the backing to the frame
* Eyelets
* Nylon cord
# Japanese/Question-answer

English: Click here for the Wiktionary entry for ?. When you find the answer, you can add it here by clicking "edit".
This template helps editors create exercises for readers.
See documentation on Talk:Korean/Question-answer. taken from Template:Korean/Question-answer
# Japanese/Q&A

Feel free to post any questions you have while learning or encountering Japanese.
Post Questions Below This Line
# Japanese/Mini-tutorial lesson

STILL, WORK NEEDS TO BE DONE DOWN HERE!!! There are still some mistakes in the texts, so don't use it for study purposes!

## Useful phrases

フレーズの練習(れんしゅう) - Phrase practise
* メニュー　を　お願いします
* 何（なに）　が　お勧め（おすすめ）　ですか。
* これ　は　好き（すき）　では　ありません。
* これ　は　冷たすぎます（つめたすぎます）。
* これ　は　熱すぎます　（あつすぎます）。
* お寿司（おすし）　を　わさび抜き（わさびぬき）　で　お願いします（おねがいします）。
* ステーキ　は　ウエルダン　に　してください。
* これ　は　注文したの（ちゅうもんしたの）　と　ちがいます
* すみません。
* ワイン　リスト　を　見せて（みせて）　下さい。
* 赤（あか）　ワイン
* コーヒー を 下さい。 クリーム と 砂糖 (さとう) を お願いします。
* 日本酒 を コップ　で　下さい。
* ビール　を　下さい。
* 勘定（かんじょう）を　お願いします。

## Conversation

レストランでの会話(かいわ) - Conversation at the restaurant
| Japanese | Japanese | English | English |
| ウェイトレス: | いらっしゃいませ。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| 小林(こばやし)さん: | 本日（ほんじつ）の　寿司弁当（すしべんとう) は 何ですか。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| ウェイトレス: | まぐろ　と　鮭（さけ）と　いか　の　握り寿司（にぎりずし）、鶏のから揚げ（とりのからあげ）、ほうれんそう　の　ごまあえ　と　お味噌汁　です。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| 小林さん: | いいです　ね。それ　に　します。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| ウェイトレス: | お茶　に　なさいます　か。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| 小林さん: | お願いします。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| 本田さん: | 何がお勧め（おすすめ）ですか。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| ウェイトレス: | 今晩（こんばん）のお勧め　は　新鮮な（しんせんな）　かき　です。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| 本田さん: | 美味しいそう（おいしいそう）ですね。どのように　調理（ちょうり）する の ですか。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| ウェイトレス: | 酢の物（すのもの）か　フライ　です。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| 本田さん: | フライ　に　して　下さい。レモン　を　たっぷり　かけて　下さい。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| Japanese | Japanese | English | English |
| 佐々木(ささき)さん: | すみません。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| 男性(だんせい): | はい。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| 佐々木さん: | この　辺り（あたり）に　ある　いい日本料理屋（にほんりょうりや）を　教えて（おしえて）下さい。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| 男性: | そうですね。「山号庵(さんごうあん)」が　いいです よ。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| 佐々木さん: | それ　は　どこ　です　か。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
| 男性: | この道（みち）を　行って（いって）、信号（しんごう）を　右（みぎ）に曲って（まがって）にちょう　行った（いった）　ところ　に　あります。左（ひだり）に　あります。 | {{{en}}}: | {{{english}}} |
# International Relations/The European Union/Institutions

The European Union has created seven main institutions:
| European Parliament - Legislative (lower house) - | European Council - Sets impetus and direction - | Council of the European Union - Legislative (upper house) - | European Commission - Executive - |
| acts together with the Council as a legislator shares with the Council the budgetary power and decides in the last instance on the general budget of the EU exerts the democratic control over EU institutions including the European Commission and appoints the Commission members based and plenary sessions in Strasbourg, General Secretariat in Luxembourg, primarily meets in Brussels | summit of the Heads of Government, chaired by the President of the European Council) gives the necessary impetus for the development and sets out general objectives and priorities will not legislate based in Brussels | acts together with the Parliament as a legislator exerts together with the Parliament the budgetary power ensures coordination of the broad economic and social policy and sets out guidelines for the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) conclude international agreements based in Brussels | is the "government" submits proposals for new legislation to the Parliament and to the Council implements EU policy and administers the European Union budget|budget ensures compliance with EU law negotiates international treaties based in Brussels |
| Court of Justice of the European Union - Judiciary - | European Court of Auditors - Financial auditor - | European Central Bank - Monetary executive (central bank) - |
| ensure uniformity of interpretation of European law has the power to decide legal disputes between EU member states, EU institutions, businesses and individuals based in Luxembourg | shall examine the proper use of revenue and expenditure of the EU institutions based in Luxembourg | forms together with the national central banks the European System of Central Banks and thereby determining the monetary policy of the EU ensures price stability in the eurozone by controlling the money supply based in Frankfurt am Main |

## References

* ↑ Consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union/Title III: Provisions on the Institutions
* ↑ "Institutions: The European Commission". Retrieved 2007-06-25. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
* ↑ "Parliament's powers and procedures". European Parliament. Retrieved 2007-06-12.
# International Relations/World Politics in the Twentieth Century

International Relations has not come out of the Cold war. Many may think the Cold war ended with the demolition of the Berlin Wall or with the decline of the USSR. Nothing could be further from the truth. In fact, the Cold war is a virus-like phenomena. It has changed the outlook from being a tussle between the West and the Communist block to a war between the developing and developed economy. The manifestations are the north south dialogues. The Russian President and U.S President all spoke the same language. Whether they spoke different languages in the so called Cold War period is it self to be questioned. Thus in the 21st century only the players change but not the game plan. Its always between the haves and have-nots.
# International Relations/The Making of Foreign Policy

< International Relations
A foreign policy is a set of political goals that seeks to outline how a particular country will interact with the other countries of the world.
Foreign policies generally are designed to help protect a country's national interests, national security, ideological goals, and economic prosperity. This can occur as a result of peaceful cooperation with other nations, or through aggression, war, and exploitation.
The 20th century saw a rapid rise in the importance of foreign policy, with virtually every nation in the world now being able to interact with one another in some diplomatic form.
Creating foreign policy is usually the job of the head of government and the foreign minister (or equivalent). However, in the United States, Congress also has considerable power and influence, and is able to pass Foreign Relations Authorization bill's.
# International Service Learning Study Abroad Handbook
## Table of Contents

    Chapters:
      * Introduction Ethical global citizenship and service learning. Relationships Long-term and sustainable partnerships in other countries General guidelines
      * Respect Introduction Traveling with a group Cultural norms Appropriate Dress Alcohol and Drugs The Camera Displays of materialism and “wealth”
      * Relationships Introduction Developing relationships Power and equity Confidentiality Sustaining relationships when you leave
      * Service Helping vs. Service Who is it for? Short term vs. long term Giving and Receiving
      * Resources Introduction Eco-systems Carbon footprint
      * Identity shifts Introduction Ways that you are culturally different with regard to religion, sexuality, values and norms – how will that play itself out in another context? What might you want to think about before you go? Gender/Sexual Orientation Race Religion Culture Shock Homesickness Boredom
      * About Where You're Going Research, Media, Communication, Technology
      * Safety Risk Reduction, having a plan, Buddy system.
      * Health
      * Housing Options and Conditions
      * PART 2: Introduction
      * Pre-departure Basics
      * About Where You're Going
      * Housing
# International Relations/The Use of Force

A use of force doctrine is employed by police forces, as well as soldiers on guard duty, to regulate the actions of police and guards. The aim of such a doctrine is to balance security needs with ethical concerns for the rights and well-being of intruders or suspects.
U.S. soldiers on guard duty are given a "use of force briefing" by the sergeant of the guard before being assigned to their post.
"The only difference between lawful force for police and civilians is that peace officers are not given the option of fleeing the scene to avoid confrontation."
Indeed, soldiers on guard duty will be severely punished for "abandoning their post" if they leave before being "properly relieved".

## History

This module was adapted from the Wikipedia article, Use of force, at 28 May 2005, used under GNU Free Documentation License.

## See also

* Monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force