OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Medal of Honor: Frontline/Websites

If by some amazing chance, this guide hasn't covered everything, you can visit any of the following sites for more information.
* Original Version of this guide
* The official website
* MOH Help center
* Uk MOH website
* More MOH
* Yet more Help
* About the real Medal of Honor.
* About the real Medal of Honor
* Cheats
* Gamefaqs MOH message board
* MOH fansite
* Fansite
* fansite
* Fansite
* Fansite
* Fansite
* MOH Stuff
* Fansite
* Fansite
If you discover another useful site, please add it.
# MediaWiki Administrator's Handbook/Asking for help

When uncertain about whether and how to use a tool, there are various venues both within and associated with each project where assistance can be found.
By project (with a link to the project admin list):
* Wikibooks: Ask one of the other administrators on their talk page, or use the IRC channel (#wikibooks on freenode), or post a note to Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance
* Commons
* Meta:
* Wikinews:
* Wikipedia:
* Wikiquote:
* Wikisource:
* Wikispecies:
* Wikiversity:
* Wiktionary:
# MediaWiki

Books related to MediaWiki—the wiki software that runs Wikipedia and Wikibooks:
* Editing Wikitext
* MediaWiki User Guide
* MediaWiki Developer's Handbook
* MediaWiki Administrator's Handbook
# MediaWiki Administrator's Handbook/Edit History
## Edit History

    See also: Meta: Help:Moving a page: Fixing cut and paste moves
    See also: Wikipedia:How to fix cut-and-paste moves
    See also: Help:Moving a page: Fixing cut and paste moves
    WARNING – undoing this procedure is extremely tedious. Please read above links carefully and be sure you actually want to do this – it can get very messy and complicated.
Note that you can only merge or split edit histories – you cannot copy them (without the Duplicator extension), i.e., cannot create two duplicate copies of the same edit history.
Edit histories should generally be merged if pages in the main namespace copy contents from pages in the main namespace of a sister Wikimedia project in order to comply with the GFDL license. For similar reasons if a page in the main namespace is split into several pages such as from becoming big or due to reorganization it is generally a good idea to split the edit history among the new pages.
Some Wikimedia projects may include additional namespaces in which edit histories should be merged or split up.

### Old method

Historically, to merge the edit history of two or more pages or to split up the edit history of single page into two or more separate pages you will need to use the Delete and Undelete tools. Follow these instructions to do so. Suppose you wish to merge "Foo" and "Bar" (and maybe "Bar 2") to "Foo".
* open the page you wish to merge the edit histories into and click the edit link – you will keep this open for a while. ("Foo" → Edit)
* open a window for each page whose edit history you plan to merge with step 1. ("Bar", "Bar 2")
* click on the move link of each page you opened in step 2. ("Bar" → Move)
* enter into the "To new title" field box for each page, the page name from step 1 and confirm deletion of the existing page. (Move "Bar" to "Foo"; confirm delete "Foo")
* close all windows open in step 2 and open a copy of the page in step 1 in a new window. (Close "Bar", "Bar 2", open a new "Foo")
* click on the history link and then the view or restore link. ("Foo" → History → View/Restore)
* confirm you wish to restore edit histories. (Confirm restore "Foo" History)
* go back to the page and click the edit link. ("Foo" → Edit)
* copy and paste the contents of the edit box in step 1 into the edit box in previous step. (Copy and paste from old "Foo" to merged "Foo")
* enter "restored current version" into the summary box and click save page to restore back the current version. (Save!)

### Using Special:MergeHistory

A faster method is to simply make use of MediaWiki's history-merging tool. Simply enter the source and destination page in the tool, and then choose the number of revisions you want to history-merge. This method is recommended as it's far less tedious with less risk of getting tangled with deletion and undeletion.
# MediaWiki Administrator's Handbook

This book is a guide for administrators of MediaWiki--the software that runs Wikipedia.

### Contents

* Preface
* Explanation of Admin-specific Tools
** Deletion and Undeletion - how and when to use these tools.
** Page Protection
** User Block
** Sidebar
** Importing - how and when to use this tool.
** Block - how and when to use this tool.
** Edit History - how and when to merge or split up edit histories.
** Protect - how and when to use this tool.
** Rollback - how and when to use this tool.
** Special pages - special pages only available to administrators.
** Editing in the MediaWiki Namespace - changing the appearance of the project.
* Aspects of Being a Responsible Administrator
** Introduction
** Being a Project Leader
** Recent Changes Patrol
** Spam and Spammers - dealing with spam and spammers.
** How to Handle Copyright Violations
** Countervandalism IRC Bots
* Wikimedia-specific
** Asking for help - where to go on individual projects to request advice.
** Wikimedia projects
** Pages to watch - what pages administrators may wish to watch on individual projects.
** Combating spam - advice for those doing anti-spam work

## Related books

* MediaWiki Developer's Handbook
* MediaWiki User Guide
# MediaWiki Administrator's Handbook/Editing in the MediaWiki Namespace

Editing pages in the MediaWiki namespace is one of the more complicated and serious abilities of an administrator, and must be undertaken with extreme caution because it can change the appearance of the entire website.
* MediaWiki:Uploadtext – Text appearing on the upload page, including warnings about images without copyright information, etc.
* MediaWiki:Sitenotice – Text that appears at the top of every page on the site, just below the tabs
* MediaWiki:Copyrightwarning2 – The copyright warning that appears below the edit window.
* MediaWiki:Common.css – Style sheet (CSS) defining site appearance, common to all skins
* MediaWiki:Monobook.js – Contains scripts in JavaScript
* MediaWiki:Edittools – Provides list of special characters appearing below edit box and save/preview buttons
* MediaWiki:Sidebar – Defines 'navigation' box in top-left corner, and allows for the creation of other navigation boxes (such as the 'community' box on wikibooks)
* MediaWiki:Revertpage – Text added to the edit summary when using the rollback tool.
* MediaWiki:Monobook.css – Style sheet (CSS) defining site appearance in default skin.
* MediaWiki:Licenses – List of available licenses for images/files appearing in a drop-down list on file upload page.
* MediaWiki:Newmessagesdifflink
* MediaWiki:Mainpage
* MediaWiki:Sharedupload – Appears on the page of any image or file used in wikibooks but actually located on commons. Most wikis use a template linking to the commons page.
* MediaWiki:Tagline – The text appearing just below a page title (on Wikibooks, this currently reads "From Wikibooks, open books for an open world").
# Messier Index/M20

The Trifid Nebula (catalogued as Messier 20 or M20 and as NGC 6514) is an w:H II region located in Sagittarius. Its name means 'divided into three lobes'. The object is an unusual combination of an w:open cluster of w:stars, an w:emission nebula (the lower, red portion), a w:reflection nebula (the upper, blue portion) and a w:dark nebula (the apparent 'gaps' within the emission nebula that cause the trifid appearance; these are also designated Barnard 85). Viewed through a small w:telescope, the Trifid Nebula is a bright and colorful object, and is thus a perennial favorite of amateur astronomers.

## Characteristics

The Trifid Nebula was the subject of an investigation by astronomers using the w:Hubble Space Telescope in w:1997, using filters that isolate emission from w:hydrogen w:atoms, w:ionized w:sulfur atoms, and doubly ionized w:oxygen atoms. The images were combined into a false-color composite picture to suggest how the nebula might look to the eye.
The close-up images show a dense cloud of dust and gas, which is a w:stellar nursery full of embryonic stars. This cloud is about 8 w:light years away from the nebula's central star. A w:stellar jet protrudes from the head of the cloud and is about 0.75 w:light-years long. The jet's source is a young stellar object deep within the cloud. Jets are the exhaust gasses of star formation. Radiation from the nebula's central star makes the jet glow.
The images also showed a finger-like stalk to the right of the jet. It points from the head of the dense cloud directly toward the star that powers the Trifid nebula. This stalk is a prominent example of an w:evaporating gaseous globules, or 'EGGs'. The stalk has survived because its tip is a knot of gas that is dense enough to resist being eaten away by the powerful radiation from the star.
In January, 2005, w:NASA's w:Spitzer Space Telescope discovered 30 embryonic stars and 120 newborn stars not seen in w:visible light images.

## Gallery

* M20 Amateur Image Courtesy Hunter Wilson
* The Trifid nebula. The outlined area is enlarged right. Credit: w:NASA/w:ESA.
* Hubble image of a stellar jet in the Trifid nebula. Credit: w:NASA/w:ESA.
* Hubble image, a closer detail of last. Credit: w:NASA/w:ESA.
* The Trifid Nebula in infrared as seen by the Spitzer Space Telescope
* Credit:Adam Block-Mount Lemmon SkyCenter. University of Arizona (Board of Regents)Credit:Adam Block-Mount Lemmon SkyCenter. University of Arizona (Board of Regents)

## External links

* Spitzer IR Trifid discoveries
* Messier 20, SEDS Messier pages
* Trifid Nebula at ESA/Hubble

## References

* 1 2 3 4 "SIMBAD Astronomical Database". Results for NGC 6514. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
# Messier Index/M24

The Sagittarius Star Cloud (also known as Delle Caustiche, Messier 24, IC 4715) is a w:star cloud in the w:constellation of Sagittarius, approximately 600 w:light years wide, which was discovered by w:Charles Messier in 1764.
The stars, clusters and other objects comprising M24 are part of the Sagittarius or Sagittarius-Carina arms of the w:Milky Way galaxy. Messier described M24 as a "large nebulosity containing many stars" and gave its dimensions as being some 1.5° across, a description that fits the star cloud rather well. Some sources, improperly, identify M24 as the faint cluster w:NGC 6603.
M24 fills a space of significant volume to a depth of 10,000 to 16,000 w:light-years. This is the most dense concentration of individual stars visible using w:binoculars, with around 1,000 stars visible within a single w:field of view.

## External links

* Messier 24, SEDS Messier pages
# Messier Index/M16

The Eagle Nebula (catalogued as Messier 16 or M16, and as NGC 6611) is a young w:open cluster of w:stars in the w:constellation w:Serpens, discovered by w:Jean-Philippe de Cheseaux in 1745-46. Its name derives from its shape which is reminiscent of an w:eagle. It is the subject of a famous photograph by the w:Hubble Space Telescope, which shows pillars of star-forming gas and dust within the nebula.

## Characteristics

The Eagle Nebula is part of a diffuse w:emission nebula, or H II region, which is catalogued as w:IC 4703. This region of active current star formation is about 6,500 w:light-years distant. The tower of gas that can be seen coming off the nebula is approximately 57 trillion miles (97 trillion km) high.
The brightest star in the nebula has an w:apparent magnitude of +8.24, easily visible with good binoculars.

## 'Pillars of Creation' region

Images made in 1995 by Jeff Hester and Paul Scowen using the w:Hubble Space Telescope greatly improved scientific understanding of processes inside the nebula. One of these, a famous photograph known as the "w:Pillars of Creation", depicts a large region of star formation. Its small dark areas are believed to be w:protostars. The pillar structure of the region resembles that of a much larger star formation region, imaged with the w:Spitzer Space Telescope in 2005, in Cassiopeia, which is designated W5 and has been dubbed the "Mountains of Creation".
Combinations of w:X-ray images from the Chandra observatory with Hubble's "Pillars" image have shown that X-ray sources (from young stars) do not coincide with the pillars, but instead randomly dot the area. This suggests that star formation may have peaked approximately one million years ago in the Eagle Nebula and any protostars in the pillar's EGGs are not yet hot enough to emit X-rays.
In early 2007, scientists using the Spitzer discovered evidence that potentially indicates the Pillars were destroyed by a nearby w:supernova explosion about 6,000 years ago, but the light showing the new shape of the nebula will not reach w:Earth for another millennium.

## In fiction

    See Eagle Nebula in fiction.
* Detail of Hubble image. Courtesy of w:NASA/w:ESA
* An infrared view of the pillars reveals different structures. Credit w:ESO
* Three-colour composite mosaic image of the Eagle Nebula. Credit w:ESO

## External links

* SEDS Messier page on M16
* Hubble telescope images on M16

## References

* 1 2 3 4 "SIMBAD Astronomical Database". Results for NGC 6611. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
* ↑ Spitzer Captures Cosmic "Mountains Of Creation"
* ↑ Famous Space Pillars Feel the Heat of Star's Explosion - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
# Messier Index/M19

Messier 19 or M19 (also designated NGC 6273) is a w:globular cluster in the w:constellation w:Ophiuchus. It was discovered by w:Charles Messier in w:1764 and added to his catalogue of w:comet-like objects that same year.
M19 is the most w:oblate of the known globular clusters. It is at a distance of about 28,000 w:light-years from the w:Solar System, and is quite near to the w:Galactic Center, at only about 5,200 light-years away.

## External links

* Messier 19, SEDS Messier pages
* Messier 19, Galactic Globular Clusters Database page

## References

* 1 2 3 4 "SIMBAD Astronomical Database". Results for NGC 6273. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
# Messier Index/M2

Messier 2 or M2 (also designated NGC 7089) is a globular cluster in the constellation Aquarius, five degrees north of the star Beta Aquarii. It contains about 150,000 stars, including 21 known variable stars. Its brightest stars are red and yellow giants. The overall spectral type is F4.
Under extremely good conditions, it is just visible to the naked eye. Binoculars or small telescopes will identify this cluster as non-stellar, while larger telescopes will resolve individual stars, of which the brightest are of apparent magnitude 13.1. It is about 37,500 light-years away from Earth. At 175 light-years in diameter, it is one of the larger globular clusters known. The cluster is rich and compact.
M2 was discovered by the French astronomer Jean-Dominique Maraldi in 1746 while observing a comet with Jacques Cassini. Charles Messier rediscovered it in 1760 but thought it a nebula without any stars associated with it. William Herschel was the first to resolve individual stars in the cluster, in 1794.

## External links

* M2,SEDS Messier pages
* M2, Galactic Globular Clusters Database page
* Historic observations of M2

## References

* 1 2 3 4 "SIMBAD Astronomical Database". Results for NGC 7089. Retrieved 2006-11-15.
* ↑ distance × sin( diameter_angle / 2 ) = 87.3 ly. radius
# Messier Index/M21

Messier 21 or M21 (also designated NGC 6531) is an w:open cluster of w:stars in the w:constellation of Sagittarius. It was discovered and catalogued by w:Charles Messier on w:June 5, w:1764.
M21 is a relatively young cluster of a mere 4.6 million w:years of age. It is tightly packed but contains about 57 w:stars. A few blue giant stars have been identified in the cluster, but Messier 21 is composed mainly of small dim stars. With a magnitude of 6.5, M21 is not visible to the naked eye; however, with the smallest binoculars it can be easily spotted on a dark night.

## External links

* Messier 21, SEDS Messier pages
# Messier Index/M23

Messier 23 (also known as NGC 6494) is an w:open cluster in the w:constellation Sagittarius. It was discovered by w:Charles Messier on w:June 20, w:1764.
M23 is at a distance of about 2,150 w:light-years away from w:Earth, its radius is around 15-20 w:light years. There are some 150 identified members in this cluster, the brightest being of magnitude 9.2. M23 can be found with a modestly sized w:telescope in the rich starfields of the Sagittarius w:Milky Way.

## External links

* Messier 23, SEDS Messier pages
# Messier Index/M17

The Omega Nebula, also known as the Swan Nebula (catalogued as Messier 17 or M17 and as NGC 6618) is an w:H II region in the w:constellation Sagittarius. It was discovered by w:Philippe Loys de Chéseaux in 1745. w:Charles Messier catalogued it in 1764. It is located in the rich w:starfields of the Sagittarius area of the w:Milky Way.
The Omega Nebula is between 5,000 and 6,000 w:light-years from w:Earth and it spans some 15 light-years in diameter. The cloud of interstellar matter of which this w:nebula is a part is roughly 40 light-years in diameter. The total w:mass of the Omega Nebula is an estimated 800 w:solar masses.
A cluster of 35 stars lies embedded in the nebulosity and causes the w:gases of the nebula to shine due to radiation from these hot, young stars.

## External links

* Messier 17, SEDS Messier pages
* Messier 17 Amateur Image by Waid Observatory
* Omega Nebula at ESA/Hubble

## References

* 1 2 3 4 "SIMBAD Astronomical Database". Results for NGC 6618. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
# Messier Index/M18

Messier 18 or M18 (also designated NGC 6613) is an w:open cluster of w:stars in the w:constellation Sagittarius. It was discovered by w:Charles Messier in w:1764 and included in his list of w:comet-like objects. From the perspective of w:Earth, M18 is situated between the w:Omega Nebula (M17) and the w:Sagittarius Star Cloud (M24). Its age is estimated at 32 million years.

## External links

* Messier 18, SEDS Messier pages
# Lombard/Alphabet

| Capital letter | Lowercase letter | Extended name of the letter (New Lombard Orthography) | Extended name of the letter (Scriver Lombard) | Extended name of the letter (Milanese orthography) | Pronunciation IPA of the estende name od the letter | Dialects |
| A | a | a (1) | | a (1) | IPA: /a/ (1) | (1) MI |
| B | b | be (1) | | be (1) | IPA: /be/ (1) | (1) MI |
| C | c | ce (1) | | ce (1) | IPA: /t͡ʃe/ (1) | (1) MI |
| Ç | ç | - | | - | There is no pronunciation, add it if you want (1) | |
| D | d | de (1) | | de (1) | IPA: /de/ (1) | (1) MI |
| E | e | e (1) | | e (1) | IPA: /e/ (1) | (1) MI |
| F | f | efa (1) | | effa (1) | IPA: /ˈɛfa/ (1) | (1) MI |
| G | g | ge (1) | | ge (1) | IPA: /ˈɡe/ (1) | (1) MI |
| H | h | aca (1) | | acca (1) | IPA: /ˈaka/ (1) | (1) MI |
| I | i | i (1) | | i (1) | IPA: /ˈi/ (1) | (1) MI |
| J | j | i longa (1) | | i (1) | IPA: /iˈlũ:ga/ (1) | (1) MI |
| L | l | ella (1) | | èlla (1) | IPA: /ˈɛlla/ (1) | (1) MI |
| M | m | ema (1) | | èmma (1) | IPA: /ˈɛma/ (1) | (1) MI |
| N | n | ena (1) | | ènna (1) | IPA: /ˈɛna/ (1) | (1) MI |
| O | o | o (1) | | ò (1) | IPA: /ˈɔ/ (1) | (1) MI |
| Oeu | oeu | oeu (1) | - | oeu (1) | IPA: /ˈø/ (1) | (1) MI |
| Œ | œ | - | | - | IPA: /ˈø/ (1) | |
| P | p | pe (1) | | pe (1) | IPA: /ˈpe/ (1) | (1) MI |
| Q | q | cu (1) | | co (1) | IPA: /ˈky/ (1) | (1) MI |
| R | r | erra (1) | | èrra (1) | IPA: /ˈɛrra/ (1) | (1) MI |
| S | s | essa (1) | | èssa (1) | IPA: /ˈɛssa/ (1) | (1) MI |
| T | t | te (1) | | te (1) | IPA: /ˈte/ (1) | (1) MI |
| U | u | u (1) | | u (1) | IPA: /ˈy/ (1) | (1) MI |
| V | v | ve (1) | | ve (1) | IPA: /ˈve/ (1) | (1) MI |
| Z | z | zeta (1) | | zètta (1) | IPA: /ˈzɛta/ (1) | (1) MI |
Apart from these letters there are also k, x, y and w sometimes used only in Lombard words recently imported from foreign languages.
    Note
# Lojban Made Easy/L2

Cmene (pronounced shmeh neh, ʃmɛnɛ) are Lojbanized names. All cmene are preceded by "la" and end in a consonant followed by a period. If it starts with a vowel, it will have a period before.
* Write the name with the Lojban alphabet
** Ch → Tc
** Sh → C
** Y → I
** W → U
** J → Dj
* If it ends in a vowel, insert any consonant, though "s" is most common
Examples: Harold → xeirold → la xeirold. Susan → suzen → la suzen. Harry → xeiri → la xeiris. Einstein → ainstain → la .ainstain.

## Practice

Write the cmene for the following names
* Mary
* Mark
* Harriet
* Jennifer
* Obama
* Dorothy
* Toto

## Answers

* la meiris.
* la mark.
* la xeiriet.
* la djenefer.
* la .obamas.
* la dortis.
* la totos.
# Lojban Made Easy/Manual of Style

Lessons will consist of:
* List of Vocab/Things to Learn
* In Use
* New Grammar
* Practice
Tables will be like this:
# Lojban Made Easy/L3

Attitudinals express emotion, and generally consist of two vowels. Some examples:
Add -nai to negate
Examples:
* .iunai hate
* .ua.ue surprise at a discovery
* .a'u.ua interest in a discovery
* .iinai non-fear

## Practice

What attitudinal would you use if...
* ...you see a scary monster
* ...you spill soda on a best friend's dress at a dance
* ...you buy a lottery ticket
* ...you win the lottery
* ...your best friend gets three cookies at snack time and you only get one
* ...you travel to Mars and meet little green men
* ...you are unhappily in love

## Answers

* .ii (or for brave people .iinai)
* .u'u
* .a'o or .au
* .ui
* .oa
* .u'e.ua.ue
* .iu.uinai
# Lojban Made Easy/Printable version

The current, editable version of this book is available in Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection, at
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Lojban_Made_Easy

# Manual of Style

Lessons will consist of:
* List of Vocab/Things to Learn
* In Use
* New Grammar
* Practice
Tables will be like this:

# L1

Alphabet and Pronunciation :
| Letter | Sound | IPA |
| A | father | /a/ |
| B | boy | /b/ |
| C | sheep | /ʃ/ |
| D | dog | /d/ |
| E | bet | /ɛ/ |
| F | fat | /f/ |
| G | goat | /g/ |
| I | machine | /i/ |
| J | pleasure | /ʒ/ |
| K | king | /k/ |
| L | late | /l/ |
| M | mat | /m/ |
| N | Nine | /n/ |
| O | open | /o/ |
| P | pie | /p/ |
| R | river | /ɹ/ |
| S | snake | /s/ |
| T | top | /t/ |
| U | moon | /u/ |
| V | vase | /v/ |
| X | loch | /x/ |
| Y | about | /ə/ |
| Z | zebra | /z/ |
| ' | hello | /h/ |
Alphabet and Pronunciation :
| Letter | Sound |
| ai | hi |
| au | how |
| ei | may |
| oi | boy |
| ia | yacht |
| ie | yet |
| ii | year |
| iu | you |
| ua | water |
| ue | wet |
| ui | we |
| uo | woah |
| uu | womb |

## Practice

Pronounce the word given.
* .i
* .a
* .e
* .a
* .o
* .u
* .e'i
* lu'a
* se'inai
* gu'onai
* diklo
* tumla
* tunlo
* stasu
* kabri
* vitke
* pandi
* ransu
* tercakyjme
* backemselrerkru
* seljinru
* penydjuxa'a
* vokygenkantu
* xagmaubi'o
* xacysantyse'u
* finprxipoglosu
* mxyzptlk
* smacrkobaiu
* samcrkasava

# L2

Cmene (pronounced shmeh neh, ʃmɛnɛ) are Lojbanized names. All cmene are preceded by "la" and end in a consonant followed by a period. If it starts with a vowel, it will have a period before.
* Write the name with the Lojban alphabet
** Ch → Tc
** Sh → C
** Y → I
** W → U
** J → Dj
* If it ends in a vowel, insert any consonant, though "s" is most common
Examples: Harold → xeirold → la xeirold. Susan → suzen → la suzen. Harry → xeiri → la xeiris. Einstein → ainstain → la .ainstain.

## Practice

Write the cmene for the following names
* Mary
* Mark
* Harriet
* Jennifer
* Obama
* Dorothy
* Toto

## Answers

* la meiris.
* la mark.
* la xeiriet.
* la djenefer.
* la .obamas.
* la dortis.
* la totos.

# L3

Attitudinals express emotion, and generally consist of two vowels. Some examples:
Add -nai to negate
Examples:
* .iunai hate
* .ua.ue surprise at a discovery
* .a'u.ua interest in a discovery
* .iinai non-fear

## Practice

What attitudinal would you use if...
* ...you see a scary monster
* ...you spill soda on a best friend's dress at a dance
* ...you buy a lottery ticket
* ...you win the lottery
* ...your best friend gets three cookies at snack time and you only get one
* ...you travel to Mars and meet little green men
* ...you are unhappily in love

## Answers

* .ii (or for brave people .iinai)
* .u'u
* .a'o or .au
* .ui
* .oa
* .u'e.ua.ue
* .iu.uinai