# Wildlife Gardening/Location/Pennsylvania
## Geography

General description of environment and ecology. USDA hardiness zones and/or international equivalents.

## Taxa
### Taxa of interest
#### Native

* List of native taxa and their favorable attributes. Some taxa may be dual-listed in taxa of concern and this should be pointed out.
Native butterflies of West Virginia :
| Taxon | Amphibians and fishes | Birds | Mammals | Reptiles | Invertebrates | Plants and fungi | Notes |
| Vanessa virginiensis, the American painted lady butterfly. Adult pictured. | 4 ! | 4 ! | 4 ! | 4 ! | 4 ! | 4 ! | |
Vines:
* Bignonia capreolata- Not in PA
* Campsis radicans
* Clematis virginiana
* Lonicera sempervirens
* Parthenocissus quinquefolia
* Passiflora incarnata
* Wisteria fructescens
Trees to check:
* Acer rubrum
* Acer saccharum- strongly allelopathic
* Acer negundo- moderately allelopathic
* Betula nigra
* Carya glabra
* Carya laciniosa
* Castanea dentata
* Fagus grandifolia- may be slightly allelopathic
* Fraxinus americana- may be slightly allelopathic
* Fraxinus pennsylvanica- may be slightly allelopathic
* Liquidambar styraciflua
* Liriodendron tulipifera
* Nyssa sylvatica
* Platanus occidentalis- strongly allelopathic
* Quercus alba- moderately allelopathic
* Quercus coccinea
* Quercus falcata- strongly allelopathic
* Quercus palustris
* Quercus phellos
* Quercus rubra- may be slightly-strongly allelopathic
* Quercus velutina
* Tilia americana- slightly allelopathic
* Ulmus americana- strongly allelopathic
Conifers to check
* Chamaecyparis thyoides- not in WV
* Juniperus virginiana
* Pinus strobus
* Pinus virginiana
* Tsuga canadensis
Shrubs and understory trees to check:
* Acer pennsylvanicum
* Acer spicatum
* Alnus serrulata
* Amelanchier arborea
* Amelanchier canadensis
* Amelanchier laevis
* Amorpha fructicosa
* Aralia spinosa
* Aronia arbutifolia
* Aronia melanocarpa
* Asimina triloba
* Baccharis halimifolia
* Carpinus caroliniana
* Castanea pumila
* Ceanothus americanus
* Celtis occidentalis
* Cephalanthus occidentalis
* Chionanthus virginicus
* Clethra alnifolia
* Comptonia peregrina
* Cornus alternifolia
* Cornus amomomum
* Cornus florida
* Cornus racemosa
* Cornus sericea
* Corylus americanus
* Dirca palustris
* Euonymus americanus
* Hamamelis virginiana
* Hydrangea arborescens
* Ilex decidua
* Ilex glabra
* Ilex opaca
* Ilex verticillata
* Itea virginica
* Kalmia angustifolia
* Kalmia latifolia
* Lindera benzoin
* Magnolia virginiana
* Marella pennsylvanica
* Ostrya virginiana
* Rhododendron arborescens
* Rhododendron atlanticum
* Rhododendron calendulaceum
* Rhododendron maximum
* Rhododendron periclymenoides
* Rhododendron prinophyllum
* Rhododendron viscosum
* Rhus copallina
* Rhus glabra
* Rhus typhina
* Rosa blanda
* Rosa carolina
* Rosa palustris
* Rosa setigera
* Rosa virginiana
* Salix discolor
* Salix nigra
* Salix sericea
* Sambucus canadensis
* Sassafras albidum
* Spiraea alba
* Spiraea tomentosa
* Ulmus rubra
* Vaccinium angustifolium
* Vaccinium corymbosum
* Viburnum acerifolium
* Viburnum dentatum
* Viburnum nudum
* Virburnum prunifolium
Ground covers to check.
* Antennaria dioica
* Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
* Asarum canadense
* Carex galucodea
* Carex pennsylvanica
* Carex platyphylla
* Carex stricta
* Chrysogonum virginianum
* Fragraria virginiana- not in wv
* Gaultheria procumbens
* Hepatica americana
* Maianthemum canadense
* Mitchella repens
* Pachysandra procumbens- not in wv
* Phlox divaricata
* Phlox maculata
* Phlox stolonifera
* Podophyllum peltatum
* Potentilla candensis
* Potentilla simplex
* Sedum ternatum
* Tiarella cordifolia
* Viola blanda
* Viola pallens
* Viola papilionacea
* Viola pedata
* Viola septentrionalis
* Waldsteinia fragrarioides
HP dry sites to check
* Agrimonia parviflora
* Amsonia tabernaemontana
* Anemone canadensis
* Aquilegia canadensis
* Arisaema triphyllum
* Asclepias tuberosa
* Aster divaricatus
* Aster latiflorus
* Aster novae-angliae
* Aster oblongifolius
* Aster spectabilis
* Baptisia australis
* Cardamine concatenata
* Chrysopis mariana
* Cimicifuga racemosa
* Coreopsis lanceolata
* Coreopsis verticillata
* Eupatorium hyssopifolium
* Eupatorium perfoliatum
* Eupatorium rotundifolium
* Eupatorium serotinum
* Euphorbia corollata
* Geranium maculatum
* Heliopsis helianthoides
* Heuchera americana
* Lespedeza virginica
* Mertensia virginica
* Oenothera fructicosa
* Packera aurea
* Phlox maculata
* Pycnathemum muticum
* Pycnanthemum tenuifolium
* Ratibida pinnata
* Rudbeckia fulgida
* Rudbeckia nitida
* Salvia lyrata
* Sedum ternatum
* Senna hebecarpa
* Silene virginica
* Sisyrinchium angustifolium
* Solidago caesia
* Solidago canadensis
* Solidago graminifolia
* Solidago rugosa
* Solidago speciosa
* Vernonicastrum virginicum
HP Moist sites to check
* Aconitum uncinatum
* Actaea pachypoda
* Agastache scrophulariifolia
* Aruncus dioicus
* Asclepias incarnata
* Aster puniceus
* Astilbe biternata
* Boltonia asteroides
* Chelone glabra
* Coreopsis rosea
* Dicentra cucullaria
* Dicentra eximia
* Erythronium americanum
* Eupatorium coelestinum
* Eupatorium dubium
* Eupatorium fistulosum
* Eupatorium rugosum
* Filipendula rubra
* Helenium autumnale
* Helianthus angustifolius
* Hibiscus moscheutos
* Iris versicolor
* Jeffersonia diphylla
* Liatris spicata
* Lobelia cardinalis
* Lobelia siphilitica
* Ludwigia alternifolia
* Lysimachia ciliata
* Mimulus ringens
* Monarda didyma
* Penstemon digitalis
* Phlox paniculata
* Polemonium reptans
* Polygonatum commutatum
* Rudbeckia laciniata
* Verbena hastata
* Vernonia noveboracensis
Grasses, Sedges, Rushes
* Andropogon gerardii
* Andropogon ternarius - not wv
* Andropogon virginicus
* Carex flaccosperma - not wv
* Carex pennsylvanica
* Carex vulpinoidea
* Chasmanthium latifolium
* Elymus canadensis
* Elymus hystrix
* Elymus virginicus
* Eragrostis spectabilis
* Juncus effusus
* Panicum virgatum
* Saccharum giganteum - not wv
* Schizachyrium scoparium - not wv check name
* Sorghastrum nutans
* Tripsacum dactyloides
Ferns- all wv
* Adiantum pedatum
* Athyrium filix-femina
* Denstaedtia punctilobula
* Onoclea sensibilis
* Osmunda cinnamomea
* Osmunda regalis
* Polystichum acrostichoides
* Thelypteris noveboracensis
don't forget to note deer resistance

#### Introduced

Introduced butterflies of West Virginia :
| Taxon | Amphibians and fishes | Birds | Mammals | Reptiles | Invertebrates | Plants and fungi | Notes |
| Vanessa virginiensis, the American painted lady butterfly. Adult pictured. | 4 ! | 4 ! | 4 ! | 4 ! | 4 ! | 4 ! | |

### Taxa of concern

Taxa that one might be very cautious about having around like large predators, venemous animals, poisonous plants, agricultural pests, invasive species, noxious weeds.
Native butterflies of West Virginia :
| Taxon | Safety | Social or legal | Conservation | Garden goals | Notes |
| Vanessa virginiensis, the American painted lady butterfly. Adult pictured. | | | | | |

## Law

Laws of interest to wild gardeners.