OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Ithaca/656
## Annotations

Liliata rutilantium. Turma circumdet. Jubilantium te virginum. Chorus excipiat. (Latin) See 010.21-22 and 023.08-10.
Heigho, heigho, Heigho, heigho See 067.30-32.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China/Article 12

| ←Article 10, unamended Article 11 | Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China Republic of China (Taiwan) Article 12 |

## Newly adopted and promulgated on 2005-06-10

(From http://law.moj.gov.tw/eng/LawClass/LawSearchNo.aspx?PC=A0000002&DF=&SNo=12 )

### Article 12.

Amendment of the Constitution shall be initiated upon the proposal of one-fourth of the total members of the Legislative Yuan, passed by at least three-fourths of the members present at a meeting attended by at least three-fourths of the total members of the Legislative Yuan, and sanctioned by electors in the free area of the Republic of China at a referendum held upon expiration of a six-month period of public announcement of the proposal, wherein the number of valid votes in favor exceeds one-half of the total number of electors. The provisions of Article 174 of the Constitution shall not apply.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China/Article 6

| ←Article 5 | Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China Republic of China (Taiwan) Article 6 | Article 7→ |

## Promulgated full amendment on 1997-07-21

(From http://taiwaninfo.nat.gov.tw/fp.asp?xItem=408&CtNode=124 )
Article 6. The Examination Yuan shall be the highest examination body of the State, and shall be responsible for the following matters; and the provisions of Article 83 of the Constitution shall not apply:
1. Holding of examinations;
2. Matters relating to the qualification screening, security of tenure, pecuniary aid in case of death, and retirement of civil servants; and
3. Legal matters relating to the employment, discharge, performance evaluation, scale of salaries, promotion, transfer, commendation and award of civil servants.
The Examination Yuan shall have a president, a vice president, and several members, all of whom shall be nominated and, with the consent of the National Assembly, appointed by the president of the Republic; and the provisions of Article 84 of the Constitution shall not apply.
The provisions of Article 85 of the Constitution concerning the holding of examinations in different areas, with pre scribed numbers of persons to be selected according to various provinces and areas, shall cease to apply.

## Promulgated amendment on 2000-04-25

(From http://taiwaninfo.nat.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=18030&CtNode=103&htx_TRCategory=&mp=4 )
Article 6. The Examination Yuan shall be the highest examination body of the state, and shall be responsible for the following matters; and the provisions of Article 83 of the Constitution shall not apply:
1. Holding of examinations;
2. Matters relating to the qualification screening, security of tenure, pecuniary aid in case of death, and retirement of civil servants; and
3. Legal matters relating to the employment, discharge, performance evaluation, scale of salaries, promotion, transfer, commendation and award of civil servants.
The Examination Yuan shall have a president, a vice president and members, all of whom shall be nominated and, with the consent of the Legislative Yuan, appointed by the president of the republic; and the provisions of Article 84 of the Constitution shall not apply.
The provisions of Article 85 of the Constitution concerning the holding of examinations in different areas, with prescribed numbers of persons to be selected according to various provinces and areas, shall cease to apply.
# Annotated Republic of China Laws/Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China

| ←Temporary Provisions Effective During the Period of Communist Rebellion until 1991 | Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China Republic of China (Taiwan) |

## History

From http://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawHistory.aspx?PCode=A0000002 :
* Adopted by the second extraordinary session of the First National Assembly on April 22, 1991, and promulgated by the president on May 1, 1991
* Adopted by the extraordinary session of the Second National Assembly on May 27, 1992, and promulgated by the president on May 28, 1992
* Adopted by the fourth extraordinary session of the Second National Assembly on July 28, 1994, and promulgated by the president on August 1, 1994
* Adopted by the second session of the Third National Assembly on July 18, 1997, and promulgated by the president on July 21, 1997
* Revised by the fourth session of the Third National Assembly on September 3, 1999, and promulgated by the president on September 15, 1999
    （* The Council of Grand Justices, in its Constitutional Interpretation No. 499 on March 24, 2000, announced that the Additional Articles of the Constitution approved on September 15, 1999, were void, effective immediately. The revised Additional Articles promulgated on July 21, 1997 would remain in effect.）
* Revised by the fifth session of the Third National Assembly on April 24, 2000, and promulgated by the president on April 25, 2000.
* Revisions to Articles 1, 2, 4, 5, and 8 of, and addition of Article 12 to, the Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China, proposed and announced by the Legislative Yuan on August 26, 2004, adopted by the Fourth National Assembly on June 7, 2005, and promulgated by the president on June 10, 2005.

## Wikibooks annotation

* 1 2 This complete amendment is in a separate page, and later partial amendments are in other separate pages per articles.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Sirens/245
## Annotations

Sonnez ... La cloche! (French) Sound ... The bell!

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988) 291.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Sirens/247
## Annotations

Is that her? ... yes, sitting with his ex Is that Lady Dudley? ... yes, sitting with her husband, his excellency the Lord Lieutenant, William Humble Ward, Earl of Dudley. See 242.03.
eau de Nil (French) water of the Nile. Eau de Nil is the name of a pale yellowish green colour. Here it refers to the colour of the Lord Lieutenant's uniform, contrasted with Lady Dudley's pearl grey dress.
beau (French) boyfriend; male lover.

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988) 295.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Sirens/252
## Annotations

Mooney's en ville and in Mooney's sur mer (French) Mooney's-in-town and in Mooney's-on-the-sea. Lenehan is whimsically referring to two public houses in the city centre:
    J. G. Mooney & Co., Wine and Spirit Merchants, 1 Lower Abbey Street.
    Gerald Mooney, Publican, 3 Eden Quay.
The latter is situated on one of the River Liffey's quays — hence it is sur mer — while the former is "landlocked". See 138.13.
élite (French) a group of people with superior intellectual, social or economic status in society. The members of Lenehan's élite of Erin are hardly superior to their fellow Irishmen in any of these categories.

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988) 297.
* ↑ Thoms, Official Directory of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: Dublin (1903) pp. 1407 and 1481. Ian Gunn & Clive Hart, James Joyce's Dublin (2004) p.119.
# Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Sirens/246
## Annotations

Naminedamine (Latin) Bloom's corruption of the liturgical phrase In nomine Domini (In the name of the Lord). During Paddy Dignam's Burial Service, Bloom had concocted the term Dominenamine (100.01). Later, in this episode, he will be inspired to concoct a similar nonsense word by a line in The Croppy Boy: 272.20. Another variant, nominedomine, occurs at 277.37.

## References

* ↑ Gifford (1988) 294. Thornton (1968) 241.
# Basic Algebra/Lines (Linear Functions)/Chapter Test

Please post your test problems this way:
* Problem:(answer,level of difficulty(easy, medium, hard))
* Example 2x=6: (x=3,easy)
# Basic Algebra/Lines (Linear Functions)/Functions and Relations
## Lesson

y = x^2
Is this a function?
versus, y^2 = x
Is this a function?
The first equation is a function because x has only one y-value, whereas the second equation has many values.
In a function, each domain value or x-value should only have one y-value, otherwise it is not a function.
Definition: In two sets, A and B, a function is a mapping from A to B.
This mapping should satisfy the following conditions in order for it to be a function:
* All the elements of set A should be paired with any element of set B.
* An element of set A should not be paired with more than one element of set B. (i.e. the first coordinates of an ordered pairs should not be repeated)
# Basic Algebra/Lines (Linear Functions)/Find the Equation of the Line Using Two Points
## Lesson

You can find the y intercept(b) of a line by using "point slope" with a pair of cordinates.
-Find the slope (y$_2$ - y$_1$) / (x$_2$ - x$_1$) -Use one of the coordinates (points) and use this formula: y-y$_1$=m(x-x$_1$) -Then you end up with y=mx+b

## Example Problems

Find the y-intercept of the following coordinates:
(2,1) (3,-7)
(1,3) (3,4)
(0,2) Example 1:
First find the slope m of between the two points:
m = (y-y1) / (x-x1)
m = (6-2) / (3-5)
m = -2
We know that the equation has the form y = mx + b, and we also know that this function passes both of the points, so let's use point #1 to find b:
point #1 (2,1)
2 = m(5) + b
2 = (-2)(5) + b
b = 12
Alternatively, we can use point #2 and get to the same result.
The line equation is:
y = -2x + 12
# Basic Algebra/Lines (Linear Functions)/Graphing Points

Graphing points is as simple as counting. First, a grid is needed which we will call a graph. A set of given coordinates are needed to plot a point which can be called ordered pairs. Ordered pairs follow this format: (x, y). The first number represents where at the point lies in the x-direction. The second number represents where at the point lies in the y-direction, or how many units the point lies from the origin. For example, the coordinates (2, 3) tell you to move 2 units to the right on the x-axis, and 3 units up on the y-axis, then draw a point. For instance, if the coordinates given were (-5, 0) you would draw a point that is 5 units left of the origin (which is (0, 0)) and the point wouldn't go up or down because the second coordinate is 0. These points are often labeled as letters such as A, B, or C.
# Basic Algebra/Lines (Linear Functions)/Slope of a Line
## Lesson

To understand the Cartesian Coordinate graph and how it works, you must know how number lines work. A number line is a line of numbers that streches infinitely on both sides. The Negative numbers extend infinitely to the left and the Positive numbers go infinitely to the right. Zero sits right smack in the dead center of the line however long it might be. A cartesian coordinate graph is just two infinite number lines one vertical(the X-axis) and one horizontal(the Y-axis) on top of each other forming a cross with 0 as the center point or Origin as it is called. The graph is also divided into 4 quadrants. these are numbered with Roman numerals.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:2D_Cartesian_Coordinates.svg
However, for understandability's sake, this graph is usually shortened to -6 and + 6 on both the X and Y axis. Also, however, this graph is also ugly and not very user friendly. (Gridboard)
Now, how to determine the slope of a line: Let's pretend that we are baking giant chocolate cookies for a bake sale. Right before you start your Bake-O-Rama, You make three of them. You figure you can make two an hour. You also take inventory every hour like this:

## Example Problems

slope (m) = ${\frac {y_{2}-y_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}}}$
Using the points in the diagram above, x$_1$ and y$_1$ are both 2 and x$_2$ is 6 and y$_2$ is 4. So we substitute each value into the slope equation.

## Practice Games

Sorry, none at this time!
# Basic Algebra/Linear Inequalities/Solving Inequalities
## Vocabulary

* Inequality
* Inverse Operation
* Graphing
* Number Line
* Filled Circle
* Empty Circle
# Basic Algebra/Lines (Linear Functions)/Chapter Review

Lesson 1. Graphing Points
Lesson 2. Equations in Two Variables
Lesson 3. Graphing Lines(Linear Functions)
Lesson 4. Slope of a Line
Lesson 5. Slope-Intercept Form of a Line
Lesson 6. Find Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
Lesson 7. Find the Equation of the Line Using Two Points
Lesson 8. Functions and Relations
# Basic Algebra/Lines (Linear Functions)/Slope-Intercept Form of a Line
## Vocabulary
### Domain

    The x position of a point

### Slope-intercept form

    y=mx+b, where x and y are constants and m=slope and b= y-intercept

## Example Problems

Graph:
* y=2x+3
* y=3/2x-5

## Practice Games

Linear Equations Review Project
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/Named Reactions/Hofmann Rearrangement

The Hofmann rearrangement is the organic reaction of a primary amide to a primary amine with one fewer carbon atom.
The reaction is named after its discoverer: August Wilhelm von Hofmann. This reaction is also sometimes called the Hofmann degradation, and should not be confused with the Hofmann elimination.

## Mechanism

The reaction of bromine with sodium hydroxide forms sodium hypobromite in situ, which transforms the primary amide into an intermediate isocyanate. The intermediate isocyanate is hydrolyzed to a primary amine giving off carbon dioxide.

## Variations

Several reagents can substitute for bromine. N-Bromosuccinimide and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) can effect a Hofmann rearrangement. In the following example, the intermediate isocyanate is trapped by methanol forming a carbamate.
In a similar fashion the intermediate isocyanate can be trapped by tert-butanol yielding the t-butoxycarbonyl (Boc)-protected amine.
A mild alternative to bromine is also (bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo)benzene.

## References

* ↑ Hofmann, A. W. v. Ber. 1881, 14, 2725.
* ↑ Wallis, E. S.; Lane, J. F. Org. React. 1949, 3, 267-306. (Review)
* ↑ Shioiri, T. Comp. Org. Syn. 1991, 6, 800-806. (Review)
* ↑ Keillor, J. W.; Huang, X. - Organic Syntheses (2004, 549pp)
* ↑ Almond, M. R.; Stimmel, J. B.; Thompson, E. A.; Loudon, G.M. - Organic Syntheses (1993, 132pp)

## Bibliography

* Clayden, Jonnathan (2007). Organic Chemistry. Oxfort University Press Inc. p. 1073. ISBN 978-0-19-850346-0.
* Fieser, Louis F. (1962). Advanced Organic Chemistry. Reinhold Publishing Corporation, Chapman & Hall, Ltd. pp. 499–501.
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/Named Reactions/Barton Reaction

The Barton Reaction involves the photolysis of a nitrite to form a δ-nitroso alcohol. It is named for the British chemist Sir Derek Harold Richard Barton. The mechanism is believed to involve a homolytic RO–NO cleavage, followed by δ-hydrogen abstraction and free radical recombination.
A related reaction is the Hofmann-Löffor-Freytage reaction involving haloamines.

## References

* ↑ doi:10.1021/ja01480a030
* ↑ IUPAC Goldbook
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/Named Reactions/Curtius Rearrangement

The Curtius rearrangement (or Curtius reaction or Curtius degradation), as first defined by Theodor Curtius, is a chemical reaction that involves the rearrangement of an acyl azide to an isocyanate. Several reviews have been published.
The isocyanate can be trapped by a variety of nucleophiles. Often water is added to hydrolyze the isocyanate to an amine. When done in the presence of tert-butanol, the reaction generates Boc-protected amines, useful intermediates in organic synthesis.
Carboxylic acids 1 can be easily converted to acyl azides 3 using diphenylphosphoryl azide 2.
Likewise, when the Curtius reaction is performed in the presence of benzyl alcohol, Cbz-protected amines are formed.

## Reaction mechanism

The first step of the Curtius rearrangement is the loss of nitrogen gas forming an acyl nitrene (2). Once formed, acyl nitrenes very quickly rearrange by migration of R-group forming the desired isocyanate (3).

## Scope

In one variation called the Darapsky degradation (A. Darapsky, 1936) a Curtius rearrangement takes place as one of the steps from an α-cyanoester to an amino acid.

## References

* ↑ Curtius, T. (1890). Ber. 23: 3023. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
* ↑ doi:10.1002/prac.18940500125
* ↑ Smith, P. A. S. (1946). Org. React. 3: 337–449. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
* ↑ doi:10.1021/cr00084a001
* ↑ Kaiser, C.; Weinstock, J. (1988), "Amines from mixed carboxylic-carbonic anhydrides: 1-phenylcyclopentylamine", Org. Synth.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link); Coll. Vol., 6: 910 {{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
* ↑ doi:10.1021/op970115w
* ↑ doi:10.1021/ol051428b
* ↑ Shioiri, T.; Yamada, S. (1990), "Diphenyl phosphorazidate", Org. Synth.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link); Coll. Vol., 7: 206 {{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
* ↑ doi:10.1021/ja00772a052
* ↑ doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)97352-1
* ↑ Jessup, P. J.; Petty, C. B.; Roos, J.; Overman, L. E. (1988), "1-N-Acylamino-1,3-dienes from 2,4-pentadienoic acids by the Curtius rearrangement: benzyl trans-1,3-butadiene-1-carbamate", Org. Synth.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link); Coll. Vol., 6: 95 {{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
* ↑ http://www.chempensoftware.com/reactions/RXN051.htm
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/Named Reactions/Dieckmann Condensation

The Dieckmann condensation is the intramolecular chemical reaction of diesters with base to give β-ketoesters. It is named after the German chemist Walter Dieckmann (1869–1925). The equivalent intermolecular reaction is the Claisen condensation.
    Dieckmann Condensation reaction mechanism for the example given.
Owing to the steric stability of five- and six-membered ring structures, these will preferentially be formed. 1,4- and 1,6 diesters will form five-membered cyclic β-keto esters, while 1,5- and 1,7 diesters will form six-membered β-keto esters.

## References

* ↑ Dieckmann, W. Ber. 1894, 27, 102 & 965
* ↑ Dieckmann, W. Ber. 1900, 33, 595 & 2670
* ↑ Dieckmann, W. Ann. 1901, 317, 51 & 93
* ↑ Schaefer, J. P.; Bloomfield, J. J. Org. React. 1967, 15, 1-203. (Review)
* ↑ Davis, B. R.; Garrett, P. J. Comp. Org. Syn. 1991, 2, 806-829. (Review)
* ↑ Organic-Chemistry.org. Dieckmann Condensation. http://www.organic-chemistry.org/namedreactions/dieckmann-condensation.shtm
# Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/Named Reactions/Hofmann-Loffor-Freytage Reaction

The Hofmann-Löffler reaction or Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag Reaction is an organic reaction is which a haloamine is converted to a cyclic amine such as a pyrrolidine with heat and an acid.
An example is the synthesis of n-butylpyrrolidine:
The reaction type is a radical substitution. In the first step the halogen atom migrates from nitrogen to a gamma or delta carbon position in a rearrangement reaction.
A conceptually related reaction is the Barton reaction.

## References

* ↑ doi:10.1002/cber.188301601120
* ↑ doi:10.1002/cber.19090420377
* ↑ Organic Syntheses, Coll. Vol. 3, p.159 (1955); Vol. 25, p.14 (1945). http://www.orgsynth.org/orgsyn/pdfs/CV3P0159.pdf
# Ada Programming/Libraries/Ada.Text IO.Editing

This language feature is available from Ada 95 on.
Ada.Text_IO.Editing is a unit of the Predefined Language Environment since Ada 95.
This package is used for the generation and printing of strings from numbers representing amounts in some currency. The inclusion of a currency can be simply avoided by passing "" as parameter.

## Example

Code:

## See also
### Wikibook

* Ada Programming/Libraries/Ada

### Ada Style Guide

* Ada Style Guide/Reusability#Decimal Type Output and Information Systems Annex

### External examples

* Search for examples of Ada.Text_IO.Editing in: Rosetta Code, GitHub (gists), any Alire crate or this Wikibook.
* Search for posts related to Ada.Text_IO.Editing in: Stack Overflow, comp.lang.ada or any Ada related page.

### Ada Reference Manual
#### Ada 95

* F.3.3: The Package Text_IO.Editing

#### Ada 2005

* F.3.3: The Package Text_IO.Editing

#### Ada 2012

* F.3.3: The Package Text_IO.Editing

### Open-Source Implementations

FSF GNAT
* Specification: a-teioed.ads
* Body: a-teioed.adb
drake
* Specification: textio/a-teioed.ads
* Body: textio/a-teioed.adb
# Ada Programming/Libraries/Ada.Text IO.Complex IO

This language feature is available from Ada 95 on.
Ada.Text_IO.Complex_IO is a unit of the Predefined Language Environment since Ada 95.

## See also
### Wikibook

* Ada Programming/Libraries/Ada

### External examples

* Search for examples of Ada.Text_IO.Complex_IO in: Rosetta Code, GitHub (gists), any Alire crate or this Wikibook.
* Search for posts related to Ada.Text_IO.Complex_IO in: Stack Overflow, comp.lang.ada or any Ada related page.

### Ada Reference Manual
#### Ada 95

* G.1.3: Complex Input-Output

#### Ada 2005

* G.1.3: Complex Input-Output

#### Ada 2012

* G.1.3: Complex Input-Output

### Open-Source Implementations

FSF GNAT
* Specification: a-ticoio.ads
* Body: a-ticoio.adb
drake
* Specification: textio/a-ticoio.ads
* Body: textio/a-ticoio.adb
# Ada Programming/Libraries/Ada.Unchecked Deallocate Subpool

This language feature has been introduced in Ada 2012.
Ada.Unchecked_Deallocate_Subpool is a unit of the Predefined Language Environment since Ada 2012.

## See also
### Wikibook

* Ada Programming/Libraries/Ada

### External examples

* Search for examples of Ada.Unchecked_Deallocate_Subpool in: Rosetta Code, GitHub (gists), any Alire crate or this Wikibook.
* Search for posts related to Ada.Unchecked_Deallocate_Subpool in: Stack Overflow, comp.lang.ada or any Ada related page.

### Ada Reference Manual
#### Ada 2012

* 13.11.5: Subpool Reclamation
# Ada Programming/Libraries/Ada.Task Termination

This language feature is only available from Ada 2005 on.
Ada.Task_Termination is a unit of the Predefined Language Environment since Ada 2005.

## See also
### Wikibook

* Ada Programming/Libraries/Ada

### External examples

* Search for examples of Ada.Task_Termination in: Rosetta Code, GitHub (gists), any Alire crate or this Wikibook.
* Search for posts related to Ada.Task_Termination in: Stack Overflow, comp.lang.ada or any Ada related page.

### Ada Reference Manual
#### Ada 2005

* C.7.3: The Package Task_Termination

#### Ada 2012

* C.7.3: The Package Task_Termination

### Open-Source Implementations

FSF GNAT
* Specification: a-taster.ads
* Body: a-taster.adb
drake
* Specification: tasking/a-taster.ads
* Body: tasking/a-taster.adb
# Ada Programming/Libraries/Ada.Text IO.Bounded IO

This language feature is only available from Ada 2005 on.
Ada.Text_IO.Bounded_IO is a unit of the Predefined Language Environment since Ada 2005.

## See also
### Wikibook

* Ada Programming/Libraries/Ada

### External examples

* Search for examples of Ada.Text_IO.Bounded_IO in: Rosetta Code, GitHub (gists), any Alire crate or this Wikibook.
* Search for posts related to Ada.Text_IO.Bounded_IO in: Stack Overflow, comp.lang.ada or any Ada related page.

### Ada Reference Manual
#### Ada 2005

* A.10.11: Input-Output for Bounded Strings

#### Ada 2012

* A.10.11: Input-Output for Bounded Strings

### Open-Source Implementations

FSF GNAT
* Specification: a-tiboio.ads
* Body: a-tiboio.adb
drake
* Specification: textio/a-tiboio.ads