OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# When It Hits the Fan/Morals and law

When there is no order, no one to enforce laws and no barrier to personal action it is then up to everyone what path to fallow. One becomes sole responsible for how to act and behave, not strictly to others but to oneself and it will intimately depend on ones capability to cope with the choices made.

## Faith and religion

In a survival situation, one can be put in situations that will shake if not completely redefine ones vision of the world. Humanity when in dire situations has shown to ultimately preferred to explain, blame or justify actions and events as externalities, nature, gods, demons, anything that shifts blame, shame or responsibility away from itself, religion can be a strength or a weakness depending on the situation, but faith in a greater plan, in higher intervention, has historically be demonstrated as a force that permits us to go further and cope with unbearable events, for better or worst.
Faith is a type of self suggestion, mind over matter, it can be used like self-hypnosis to suppress pain, increase motivation and indeed enable oneself to perform, focus, act and cope in any situation.
Most mainstream religious beliefs will hopefully also come with a heightened sense of morality and will include a degree of self responsibility for behaviors in relation to the divine. But ultimately religion is not the guarantee or generator of good morals, but a way to share a common ground and a choice on how to cope with reality and part of ones identity.

## Morals

Let us start by defining what morals are, for instance in regards to ethics, that sometimes is considered a synonym. In a emergency situation there are no ethical dilemmas, in regards to the sense of impropriety, all is superseded by survival, but that does not mean that one should become amoral.
Morals have and will continue to have importance in any situational of human existence, at least in any situation that is not death threatening. Of course that those that put morals aside could have a better chance of survival, but morals, ultimately have value and is are an intrinsic part of what makes us human. Since the field of moral choices that can occur is so vast, this section should be dedicated to hypothetical situations and as a reflection on the value and cost of maintaining the high moral ground.
# Writing Adolescent Fiction/Character names/Zimbabwean
## Girls' names

* Chamakomo
* Chemwapuwa
* Chipo
* Dorleta
* Ebe-Zanzi
* Farai
* Japera
* Jendayi
* Kambo
* Kariba
* Katura
* Maiba
* Mapenzi
* Massassi
* Mazvita
* Moyo
* Mudiwa
* Muzwudzani
* Mwaurayeni
* Mwazwenyi
* Nehanda
* Nenande
* Nyanda
* Rufaro
* Sandawana
* Sangeya
* Sekai
* Shoorai
* Sibongile
* Simba
* Sitembile
* Sukutai
* Zuzuru
* Zvishavane

## Boys' names

* Banga
* Betserai
* Chaga
* Changa
* Chenzira
* Dakarai
* Gamba
* Goredenna
* Hondo
* Jabulani
* Jiri
* Kamali
* Kaseko
* Katura
* Kokayi
* Lobengula
* Mashama
* Matope
* Moyo
* Mqabukonyongolo
* Ndabaningi
* Nyenyedzi
* Petiri
* Rudo
* Runako
* Savieri
* Sekayi
* Sifiye
* Sodindo
* Tawanda
* Tendekayi
* Tichawonno
* Ushindi
* Ziyapaya
* Zuka

## Surnames

* Banana
* Banga
* Bhebhe
* Birir
* Bwerinofa
* Chakaipa
* Chapwanya
* Chauke
* Chibanda
* Chidyausiku
* Chidzero
* Chidzeru
* Chidziva
* Chihota
* Chimusasa
* Chirombo
* Chitepo
* Chitsvatsva
* Chiwira
* Chrima
* Chuma
* Dangarembga
* Dhliwayo
* Dlamini
* Dludlu
* Dube
* Gatsi
* Gondo
* Gonzo
* Gumbo
* Gwenzi
* Hadebe
* Hove
* Hungwe
* Kagona
* Kangwena
* Karimanzira
* Katiyo
* Katomeni
* Katsande
* Khumalo
* Khupe
* Lenneiye
* Lesabe
* Lieros
* Mahachi
* Mahamba
* Mahoso
* Majoni
* Makhalisa
* Makhulu
* Makoni
* Makumbe
* Malinga
* Mankaba
* Mapfumo
* Maphosa
* Maposa
* Mapuranga
* Maraire
* Marufu
* Masaku
* Masuku
* Masvarise
* Matambanadzo
* Matchaba
* Mathe
* Mazhindu
* Mbangwn
* Mbedzi
* Mhlanga
* Midzi
* Mlambo
* Mlilo
* Mombeshora
* Motsi
* Moyo
* Mpala
* Mpofu
* Msipa
* Mubako
* Muchemwa
* Muchenje
* Mudenda
* Mudzingwa
* Mugabe
* Mugadza
* Mugwagwa
* Mukonoweshuro
* Mukumana
* Muleya
* Munemo
* Mungoshi
* Munsaka
* Murerwa
* Mutasa
* Mutero
* Muyama
* Muyambo
* Muza
* Muzorewa
* Ncube
* Ndebele
* Ndhlovu
* Ndlovu
* Ndou
* Ngidhi
* Nguni
* Ngwenya
* Nhamo
* Nhongo
* Nkiwane
* Nkomo
* Nyagumbo
* Nyamapfene
* Nyandoro
* Nyathi
* Nyoni
* Nzenza
* Olonga
* Paradza
* Rise
* Rukwava
* Rungano
* Ruzvidzo
* Sakara
* Sande
* Saruchera
* Sekeramayi
* Seranika
* Shamuyarira
* Shoko
* Shonhiwa
* Shumba
* Siamusiye
* Sibanda
* Sigauke
* Sikara
* Simango
* Sithole
* Siziba
* Tafirenyika
* Takawira
* Taruvinga
* Tekene
* Tekere
* Tembo
* Tfumaindiru
* Tigere
* Tongagara
* Tshuma
* Tsimba
* Tsuro
* Tungwarara
* Vera
* Wafawanaka
* Zindoga
* Zuenyika
* Zulu
* Zuze
* Zvobgo
# Writing Adolescent Fiction/Character names/Unisex

* Alex
* Alexis
* Arden
* Ariel
* Arlie
* Ashe
* Ashley
* Avery
* Avie
* Bailey
* Blair
* Bobby
* Brett
* Bronte
* Brooklyn
* Bryn
* Brynn
* Caden
* Cameron
* Casey
* Cassidy
* Cecil
* Colby
* Cole
* Corin
* Cory
* Courtney
* Dakota
* Daley
* Daly
* Dana
* Darby
* Darian
* Darnell
* Darrell
* Darryl
* Dayna
* Dell
* Devin
* Devon
* Dustin
* Elis
* Elliot
* Emerson
* Emery
* Evan
* Evelyn
* Fay
* Finley
* Finn
* Garnet
* Gay
* Gayle
* Ginkgo
* Hayden
* Hayley
* Heaven
* Hilary
* Hope
* Hyacinth
* Ivy
* Jack
* Jamie
* Jasper
* Jayden
* Jo
* Johnnie
* Jordan
* Joyce
* Juniper
* Juno
* Kale
* Kasey
* Kelly
* Kelsey
* Kelsie
* Kennedy
* Kerry
* Kiernan
* Kim
* Kimberly
* Kit
* Kristen
* Kye
* Kyrie
* Lacey
* Lee
* Leigh
* Lennox
* Leo
* Lesley
* Leslie
* Lindsay
* Lindy
* Logan
* Loren
* Lucky
* Lyndsay
* Lynn
* Mackenzie
* Madison
* Mallory
* Marley
* Mason
* Mel
* Meredith
* Mica
* Monroe
* Morgan
* Noah
* Noel
* Odell
* Ollie
* Paige
* Paris
* Parker
* Parris
* Paxton
* Payton
* Pepper
* Quinn
* Randi/Randy
* Raven
* Rebel
* Ripley
* Robin
* Ronnie
* Rowan
* Sam
* Sandi
* Sandy
* Sasha
* Sawyer
* Schuyler
* Shannon
* Shirley
* Skyler
* Snow
* Spencer
* Sprite
* Sydney
* Tatum
* Taylor
* Tegan
* Terry
* Tobi
* Tory
* Tracy
* Vivian
* Wallis
* Waverly
* Whitney
* Wisdom
* Yeast
# Urban Traffic Operations/About

Comprehensive and state-of-the-art study of the important aspects and different components of urban traffic operations and traffic flow modeling techniques. Traffic management systems include traffic data collection and processing, incident detection and management, adaptive signal systems, adaptive ramp metering systems, road pricing and evacuation traffic management. Simulation modeling includes the introduction to traffic simulation software packages, model calibration and validation, input modeling, random number generators, statistical design and analysis of simulation experiments. Focus on the microscopic traffic simulation and its various modeling and simulation approaches in studying traffic dynamics and control in a transportation network.
# Urban Forestry
## Urban Forestry - An Introductory Text of Public and Private Urban Forest Management

Robert G. Underwood, Associate Professor of Forestry, Minot State University - Bottineau Campus, and all interested parties.
This is text for students at the freshman and sophomore college level. The scope and content will be based on statements made a few years ago by Dr. Alex Shigo, a noted USFS and private tree health researcher. Dr. Shigo remarked that it was impossible to cover all the material needed for an individual to most jobs during a short college career. He suggested that textbooks and courses needed to change to teaching awareness type materials. Students are made aware of the principles involved in the profession, but the details are left to be covered in the employers orientation and on-the-job training sessions. Each employer specializes in slightly different areas, the details of each company and setting will be too varied and specific to be covered in a college text.
With this in mind, I hope we can can create an urban forestry text that highlights the important concepts needed to get a sound start in both the public and private sectors of the "urban forest".

## Chapters

* Definitions
* Evolution of the City

## See also

Applied Ecology/Habitat Creation
Forestry
# Urban Forestry/Definitions
## What is the Urban Forest?

If we look for an ecological definition of a forest, we may find that it is an association of all the plants, animals and geological features that occur in a landscape dominated by trees. If we look around the world, we find that the degree of this domination by trees varies greatly, between the rain forests of the tropics and the savanna oak forests of the prairie edges of the temperate regions. The switch from this definition to one of the urban forest, requires only that we add man as a major animal and various anthropological features to the geological ones. Ecologically, every feature has some effect on every other part of the system. If they are in balance, the system is working properly.

## Who is the Urban Forester?

As the forester is charged with managing the forest, so is the urban forester charged with managing that portion of our forest which is impacted by trees. The urban forester is sometimes referred to an an arborist. I believe that there is a significant distinction between the two careers. I have heard the arborist defined as one who facilitates the coexistence of people and trees. The arborist deals with the care of trees, much as a medical specialist. The urban forester is more along the lines of the hospital administrator, while he/she may also be a doctor, they are also a politician, lawyer, personnel manager, and bookkeeper, among other things.
# Urban Traffic Operations
## Introductory Material

* About
* Introduction

## Traffic Flow Theory

* Lighthill-Whitham-Richards (LWR) Model
* Cell-Transmission-Model (CTM)
* Car Following Model
* Lane-Changing Model

## Traffic Simulation

* VISSIM
* AIMSUN
* Projects

## Freeway Management

* Ramp Metering
* Incident Management
* Examples

## Arterial Signal Control

* Fixed-Time Signal Control
* Adaptive Signal Control

## SMART-SIGNAL System

* SMART-SIGNAL System Overview
* Intersection Queue Length Estimation
* Arterial Travel Time Estimation
* ANSI Safety Signs

## Conclusions

* Conclusions

## References

* References

## Useful Off-site Resources

* SMART-SIGNAL: Systematic Monitoring of Arterial Road Traffic and Signals
# Urban Traffic Operations/Traffic Flow Theory

* Macroscopic Simulation
* Microscopic Simulation
# What Is Graff?

What is graffiti to the eyes of the public? To many, graffiti is a defacing of public property, some words scrawled out on a brick wall, some spray paint done in about three seconds with absolutely no meaning. Most people pass by a person doing block letters in a note book. They take one look at the letters and accuse the person of being a vandal. These people don't see between the lines in the art form we know as graffiti.
What's graffiti to us?
Well, take a look at it this way. Graffiti is an art, has every right to be displayed in a museum (which, in fact, some is), and is something people from urban environments almost enjoy. It's a movement, it's a culture, it's a way of life. It's talent that flows in the form of lettering and cartooning, red and black and orange and pearlescent gold spray paint. It's design capability that flows in the form of Sharpie ink, Marks-a-lot paint, and normal pencil or pen. And what I said above about people unable to read between the lines, is that FAME means something other than what it seems. SARS means something other than just a sickness.
If you're reading to learn how to vandalize property, I suggest you find another source. If you're serious about making things beautiful, about the ART part of graffiti, about the calligraphy flow of this underdog art form, then I welcome you to my world.
Because once in, there's a big wall behind you that's about to prevent you from turning back.
# Urban Traffic Operations/ANSI Safety Signs

The new ANSI standards also emphasizes on a custom design for the safety sign . As per the standard convention a sign can include an Action statement, consequences, a symbol, the message can be written in mixed case and can add emergency information.

## Seven Steps to an effective ANSI Standard Safety Sign

Here are seven secrets to make your signs and labels as effective as possible following the ANSI standards:
1. Over Emphasis on the Action
Give the viewer instructions on how to avoid the hazard. Bias the sign towards action. Signs are really advertisements for safety. They need to be persuasive.
2. Incorporating Symbols
Many people cannot read English. Many more cannot see clearly enough to read, even if they do understand English. A symbol provides a quick way to reinforce the safety message and broaden your audience.
3. Choosing the Proper Header
The header helps get the sign noticed. A warning, after all, should not be a wallflower.
4. Describe the Hazards & Consequences
You will die or get hurt if you ignore this warning! A safety message should tell you (1) why the situation is dangerous and (2) what will happen if you don't obey.
5. Write in a Headline Style
Use simple and direct words. Unfortunately, most people cannot read above the sixth grade level.
Use active rather than passive verbs: "Wear Hard Hats" is better than "Hard Hats are Required". Avoid adverbs that are difficult to interpret: "Respond within one minute" is better than "Respond quickly."
6. Provide Emergency Info.
Without a telephone number, lifesaving minutes can be lost. In a pinch, you don't want someone fumbling through the phone book to report an accident, or a potentially dangerous situation.
7. Choose the Right Material
Installation and ordering costs are often more expensive than the sign itself. As a result, a durable sign always pay in the long run.
# Usability for Nerds/Track user behavior

You may get additional information from tracking actual user behavior. On a web site you can simply use the server logs. Several programs are available for analyzing server logs. On other systems you may set up a system for logging everything that users do. These logfiles can then be analyzed statistically.
If the statistics reveal that many users are making the same errors or have the same problems, then you have found a usability problem that should be solved.
The statistics may also be useful for dividing users into categories. If those users that use function A also use function B, while other users use only function C and D, then you can use this information in the design of your menu system so that A and B are in the same submenu, while C and D are in another submenu.
If your system has a search facility, then you should make a log of search misses. This will reveal if important topics are missing in your system, if users use synonyms that you haven't predicted, or spell words in peculiar ways. If several users have searched in vain for the same word then that item should be added to the system.
The user data in your logs should probably be anonymized to avoid concerns about violation of privacy.
← Feedback from customers · Hardware/Keyboard →
# Usability for Nerds/Transparency

Transparency means that the user can easily find out what is going on behind the surface. A mechanical device may simply be designed so that the movements of important parts are visible or it may have a control panel showing the state of its internal parts in an intuitively understandable way.
In electronic devices there may not be any mechanical parts to show, so the state of internal actions must be visualized with text or drawings. It should be clear where a program stores its files so that the user can make backup copies or delete old files for security reasons.
The picture above shows a queue for a printer. Whenever commands or jobs are queued, there should be a visual representation of the queue, and preferably a way to cancel jobs in the queue or change their priority.
The payphone shown below is an elegant example of making a function visible. You simply place your coins in the slide on top before making a call. The coins then fall down, one by one, as they are needed. It is very clear to the user what is happening, and nobody can be in doubt how much money they have left to talk for. The user can even remove coins or change their order during the session.
This design is not perfect, though. Rejected coins are returned in a little compartment covered by a metal flap (at the drawing of a twisted coin). The user may be able to hear coins falling down in this compartment, but cannot see them. I would prefer that the coins fall down in an open basket so that they are easy to see and easy to pick up.
← Predictability · Never interrupt the user →
# Usability for Nerds/User profile

Before starting to design a product you may need to make a profile of the users and the situation of use:
* Will each user use the product as a daily routine or only occasionally?
* Does each user have their own specimen of the product or are many users using the same machine?
* Is the product likely to be used only by a certain category of people or does it have to be usable by everybody, including children, old people, and handicapped people?
* Are the users motivated by the fun of using the product, by the improved comfort and convenience that the product provides, by a pressing need, or is the use of this product part of a paid job, etc.?
* Will the users be discouraged if it takes too long to learn how to use the product?
* Do the users have the patience to read the instructions or will they want to start using the product right away?
* Can we expect the users to have a special education or knowledge?
* Can we expect the users to have received specific instructions or training in the use of this kind of product?
* Can we expect the users to be able to read instructions in a particular language, or do we need to make instructions in several languages, or make the product self-explanatory so that no instructions are needed at all?
* Can we expect the users to know technical terms used in the instructions?
This picture shows a ballot from the US presidential election in Florida 2000. The user has to punch a hole in the middle of the ballot at the point indicated by the numbered arrow next to the name of the desired candidate. It turned out that only a few hundred votes separated the two main candidates, George W. Bush and Al Gore. However, several thousand voters punched a hole next to Pat Buchanan though they intended to vote for Al Gore, and many more punched two holes or made other errors. Thus, the slightly confusing design of this ballot has probably decided who became the president of the United States!
The core of the problem here is that the designers haven't taken the user profile into account. The ballot has to be clearly understandable to all adults, including people with lowered visual and cognitive skills. Furthermore, all users are first time users, and they are unlikely to spend more than a few seconds studying the ballot before punching their hole.
← Convincing decision makers · Involve users in the design →
# Usability for Nerds/Speak the user's language

An old web browser showed this dialog box when opening a pdf file:
It is nice that the program tells me what it is doing while I am waiting for the document, but this message is not very understandable. First, the title "Viewing Location" is confusing: I don't want to view a location, I want to view a document. The text "Spawning External Viewer" is even worse: "Spawning" is something that a fish does. It doesn't make sense here, except to a proficient C programmer. The word "External" is also confusing. The viewer is external from the programmer's point of view, because it is provided by somebody else. But as a user, I don't want to think of who programmed which part of my software, I want to concentrate on the contents of the document I am about to see. Therefore: Speak the user's language and present things from the user's point of view.
You don't have to go to extremes, though. Sometimes users may be offended by a language that sounds too childish, and often there are technical terms that become less comprehensible if you try to "translate" them to everyday language.
← WYSIWYG · Avoid anthropomorphic interfaces →
# Usability for Nerds/Standardization

Which way would you turn the knob on a radio to turn up the volume?
Clockwise of course. No instructions are needed and nobody makes mistakes because a volume control always goes clockwise. The advantage of such a standard is obvious. (The only exception to this standard is a water tap, which goes counterclockwise to open).
The numeric keys on your computer and your pocket calculator are probably placed like this:
While the keys on the remote control for a TV are placed like this:
The keys on a telephone may be placed either way.
The lack of a universal standard for numeric keypads is a problem. The user will type faster and make fewer errors if the keyboard layout is always the same. And blind people would certainly prefer that all telephones have the same key placements.
Compare the key placements in these pictures:
If you design a control panel or other hardware user interface, be sure to check if there is a standard or common practice for the colors, shapes, and placements of buttons etc.
The same applies to software user interfaces. Consistency is important within a system as well as between systems. Does this dialog box look familiar?
A dialog box for saving files looks and works the same in almost all Windows programs. This regularity is obtained by defining the code for such a dialog box in the operating system rather than in the application program. This is a great advantage to the user because they can use a new program immediately without having to learn how to save a file, etc. If you are making a software program, then be sure to make the menus as similar as possible to the menus in other programs (e.g. File to the left, Help to the right, etc.) and use the interface elements that are included in the operating system or common standard libraries whenever possible. Some programmers want to design their own dialog boxes in order to add fancy decoration. You should resist the temptation to do so for two reasons. First, the user will need more time to get used to your interface; and second, the standard file dialog box has a lot of extra functionality that you wouldn't include if you were to program it from scratch.
Web pages are less standardized, although the need for standardization is high because most of the users that visit a web page have never been there before. If the user has problems figuring out how to use your page and where to click, then they will probably just press the back button and surf somewhere else. A hyperlink should be underlined and colored, preferably blue. Unfortunately, some designers remove the underlining for aesthetic reasons.
There is currently no standard HTML code for menus that works in all browsers. Therefore complex menus have to be designed from scratch, and different web pages use very different solutions. If you make a fancy menu design then you have to test it in all browsers and platforms. Graphical menu designs are unlikely to work in text readers for blind people.
← Feature Bloat · Open standards →