# Tagalog/Lesson 4

| Mgá Aralín (Lessons): | 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 - 12 - 13 - 14 - Table of Contents |
This lesson will teach you about Tagalog numbers.

## Diálogo (Dialogue)

The characters for this dialogue are Amy and Mark. The dialogue will be in Tagalog first, then an English translation will appear below the Tagalog original.

### Sa Tagalog (In Tagalog)

Amy: Mark, magkano ang tsokolate? Mark: Tatlóng piso lang. Amy: Masaráp ba iyán? (common: Masaráp ba 'yan?) Mark: Oo. At mura pa. (common: Oo, mura pa.) Amy: Sige, bíbili akó ng dalawá. (common: Sige, pabili ng dalawa) Mark: Eto, Amy. Anim na piso iyán. (common: Eto, Amy. Anim na piso lahat.)
Amy: Sige. Salamat, Mark. Mark: Waláng anumán.

### Salin sa Inglés (English translation)

Amy: Mark, how much is the chocolate? Mark: Only three pesos. Amy: Is it delicious? Mark: Yes. And it's cheap. (common: Yes, even cheap.) Amy: Okay, I'll buy two. (common: Ok, give me two.) Mark: Okay, Amy. That's six pesos. (common: Here, Amy. Six pesos in total.) Amy: Okay. Thanks Mark. Mark: You're welcome, Amy.

## Talasalitaan (Vocabulary)

* Magkano: How much
* Tsokolate: Chocolate
* Tatló: Three
* Piso: Peso
* Masaráp: delicious
* Mura: Cheap
* Bíbili: Will buy
* Dalawá: Two
* Salamat: Thank you
* Waláng anumán: You're welcome

## Aralín (Lesson)
### Mgá bilang kardinál (Cardinal numbers)

| 0 = walâ | |
| 1 = isá | 11 = labíng isá |
| 2 = dalawá | 12 = labindalawá |
| 3 = tatló | 13 = labintatló |
| 4 = apat | 14 = labíng apat |
| 5 = limá | 15 = labinlimá |
| 6 = anim | 16 = labíng anim |
| 7 = pitô | 17 = labing pitô |
| 8 = waló | 18 = labing waló |
| 9 = siyám | 19 = labinsiyám |
| 10 = sampû | 20 = dalawampû |
Tagalog has distinct words for numbers ranging from 0-10, as shown above. To form numbers within the range of 11 and 19, the prefix labíng- (or in some cases labin-, without the '-g') is added to the number separated by a dash (or not in some cases), as also shown above.
Numbers above 19 whose digit ends with zero use the base number (0-9) and add the suffix -mpû if the base number ends in a vowel, as shown in these examples:
* Dalawampû (Twenty)
* Limampû (Fifty)
If the ending letter of the base number ends with the letter "o", the letter is changed to "u" before adding the suffix -mpû, as shown in these examples:
* Tatlumpû (Thirty)
* Pitumpû (Seventy)
* Walumpû (Eighty)
If the ending letter of the base number is a consonant, the ligature na is added and the "m" from the suffix -mpû is dropped, incorporating na into the suffix. However, it is still spelled as one word, as shown in these examples:
* Apatnapû (Forty)
* Animnapû (Sixty)
* Siyamnapû (Ninety)
Numbers above 20 whose ending digit is a digit other than zero use the base form of the number but attach a contracted form of at, the Tagalog word for "and", written as 't, and are separated by a space, as shown in these examples:
* Apatnapú't pitô (Forty-seven)
* Dalawampú't anim (Twenty-six)
* Siyamnapú't siyám (Ninety-nine)
When numbers reach the hundreds range, the number is modified by dropping the last letter and adding the suffix -daán, as shown in these examples:
* Isandaán (One hundred)
* Limandaán (Five hundred)
There are exceptions, however. With numbers whose base number ends with "o", the "o" changes to a "u" before adding the suffix -daan, as shown in these examples:
* Tatlundaán (Three hundred)
* Pitundaán (Seven hundred)
* Walundaán (Eight hundred)
In numbers whose base number ends with a consonant, the ligature na is added before the suffix. However, the suffix -daán changes to -raán, as shown in these examples:
* Apatnaraán (Four hundred)
* Animnaraán (Six hundred)
* Siyamnaraán (Nine hundred)
For counting thousands, use the word libo, meaning "thousand".
* Isáng libo (One thousand)
* Tatlumpúng libo't apatnaraán at dalawá (Thirty thousand four hundred two)
For counting millions, use the word milyón, meaning "million".
* Isáng milyón (One million)
* Apat na milyó't tatlundaá't labíng-anim na libo't siyamnaraán at limá (Four million three hundred sixteen thousand nine hundred five)

### Mgá bilang ordinál (Ordinal numbers)

Except for the number 1, Tagalog ordinals are made by adding the prefix ika- to the number in most cases, as shown in these examples:
* Ika-apat (Fourth)
* Ika-limá (Fifth)
* Ika-pitô (Seventh)
* Ika-waló (Eighth)
There are cases in which the first two letters of the base number are removed before adding the prefix -ika, as shown in these examples:
* Ikalawá (Second)
* Ikatló (Third)
You can also substitute the prefix pang- to indicate ordinality, examples:
* Pangalawá (Second)
* Pangatló (Third)
The number 1 is a special case, as it is written as una, taken from Spanish.
For numbers ranging above ten, the ika- prefix is applied to the number in the same way that it is done regularly, as shown in these examples below:
* Ika-labíng apat (Fourteenth)
* Ika-dalawampú't siyám (Twenty-ninth)
* Ika-walumpú't waló (Eighty-eighth)

### Mgá bilang Espanyól (Spanish numbers)

In certain situations, such as the numbering of buildings or places and financial transactions, Spanish numbers are used instead of Tagalog ones.
| 0 = sero | |
| 1 = uno | 11 = onse |
| 2 = dos | 12 = dose |
| 3 = tres | 13 = trese |
| 4 = kuwatro | 14 = katorse |
| 5 = singko | 15 = kinse |
| 6 = sais | 16 = disisais |
| 7 = siyete | 17 = disisiyete |
| 8 = otso | 18 = disiotso |
| 9 = nuwebe | 19 = disinuwebe |
| 10 = diyes | 20 = bente |

## Exercise

Translate the following into English from Tagalog and from Tagalog to English.
| Isang Pusà - ... | Dalawáng Giraffe - ... | Limang Pangulò/Presidente - ... | Five Hundred Euros - ... |
Mga Sagot — Answers: 1. One Cat, 2. Two Giraffes, 3. Fives Presidents, 4. Limang Daan Euro.
| Mgá Aralín (Lessons): | 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 - 12 - 13 - 14 - Table of Contents |