OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Solitaire card games/Sir Tommy

Cards are dealt one at a time. When an ace turns up, it forms a foundation which builds up to King regardless of suit. Four such foundations should be built. A card that cannot yet be placed on the foundation is placed onto one of four wastepiles; once placed, it cannot be moved, but the top card of each wastepile remains available to be placed on a foundation.
The game is won if all cards are emptied from the wastepiles and built on the foundations. Strategically, to achieve a win, skilled players reserve one wastepile for Kings and for other high cards.

## References

* ↑ David Parlett (1980): The Penguin Book of Patience. ISBN 0-14046-346-1
# Solresol/Nouns

In Solresol, a word can be a noun, a verb, an adjective, or an adverb. Since figuring out all this from contact would be frustrating, the inventor of Solresol, François Sudre, made a way to distinguish the forms of a word. The placement of emphasis or stress on a certain syllable would make it one part of speech. In the case of nouns, the stress is on the first syllable
However, since there isn't a regulating body of Solresol, no official way to show this stress has been established. However, one way has been widely used. In this system, a circumflex (ˆ) would be placed above the vowel of the syllable that has the emphasis.
With this in mind, let's see some examples with some basic Solresol nouns.
Fâresimi- Cat Dôsiredo- Milk Mîsolredo- Person Sîdoredo- town
# Solitaire card games/Strategy

This game belongs to the same family of games as Sir Tommy and is a more difficult variant and requires, as the name implies, a lot more skill.
The cards in the deck are dealt one at a time. Aces, whenever they appear, are placed onto the foundations and are built up by suit. Cards that cannot yet be built are placed on any one of eight wastepiles, the top cards of which are available for play. Once a card is placed on a wastepile, the next place it will go is to foundations; it cannot be moved to another wastepile.
The game finishes after all cards are dealt into the wastepiles and all appropriate cards are built. The game is won when all cards end up in the foundations.
# What You Should Know About Medicines/Acute

In medicine, acute refers that something is of rapid and recent onset. Acute conveys no level of urgency, however. Examples of frequently acute conditions include: broken bones, heart attacks, and the stomach flu.
# What You Should Know About Medicines/Anticholesterols

There are several types of medications used to lower cholesterol. But first, a few words on what the problem is.
In the human body, cholesterol is an important chemical, which is used to make vital hormones like testosterone and estradiol. It is manufactured in the body, or can be ingested in the diet, and absorbed in the intestinal tract.
There are several subtypes of cholesterol. When one says "my cholesterol is good", it usually refers to the total cholesterol. There is one subtype called high density lipoprotein (HDL for short), which is considered the "good" cholesterol. The higher this is, the better. Another subtype is called low density hypoprotein, or "bad" cholesterol. Over the years, physicians have been lowering what they consider to be "safe" LDL, and for most people it is now lower than 100. (For people at "high risk" of complications, like diabetics, it is below 70.) There are other subtypes as well, but they are less important clinically.
The evidence for high cholesterol being linked to cardiovascular disease like heart attacks and strokes took decades to glean from the data of hundreds of scientific studies. Even though the cholesterol values currently account for only about 50% of the causes of cardiovascular disease, efforts to lower these levels have resulted in dramatic drops in morbidity and mortality. So much effort is expended to aid people in understanding what their personal cholesterol levels are, how their diet can contribute to it, and if high, how changing their diet and other lifestyle parameters can reduce their risk.
Some medications to lower cholesterol work by trying to "bind" it in the intestinal tract before it actually enters the blood stream. Although this can work for some people, and a high fiber diet that helps is nearly always good for us, it is unlikely to change the cholesteral values much by itself.
The most commonly prescribed cholesterol lowering medications in the US today are called statins, for short. They include medications with names like Lipitor, lovastatin, mevacor, etc. They work quite well for most people, and some work better than others. Your clinician can help chose the one for you. They have a serious side effect of damaging muscles, which is uncommon, but not rare. After going on a statin, your clinician should draw blood to ensure the medication is not causing you harm.
Niacin is another cholesterol lowering medication, usually taken as a powder. It's side effects include "flushing", where one turns red, like a menopausal hot flash.
# What You Should Know About Medicines/Anticoagulant

An Anticoagulant is a substance used to prevent blood clots. It is useful for patients who (i) are at an increased risk of large abnormal blood clots (ex. have high cholesterol, or high blood pressure) (ii) have had heart valve surgery, (iii) have a prosthetic valve made of synthetic material, and (iv) have atrial fibrillation.
MORE INFO: Clotting is an important property of blood. It is sometimes desirable that such clotting of blood be prevented. Anticoagulants are used both inside and outside the human body to prevent the clotting of blood.
USE OF ANTICOAGULANT IN HUMANS: Example 1:
Thrombosis : The formation of a blood clot (thrombus) inside a blood vessel is described as Thrombosis. Such blood clots obstruct the flow of blood through the circulatory system. For example, your blood clots when you cut yourself so that you will not bleed to death. In cases where thrombosis is causing disease, anticoagulants can be used (at carefully controlled dosages) to reduce the tendency to clotting.
Common anticoagulants for this use are Warfarin, Heparin (various heparins exist), and nicoumalone.
USE OF ANTICOAGULANT OUTSIDE HUMAN BODY: Anticoagulants are also used to prevent the clotting of blood outside the body.
Examples
1) Blood transfusion bags : Blood is collected from donors and stored into sterile plastic bags. To maintain the fluid state of blood, it is necessary to prevent the clotting of blood. Chemicals like Acid Citrate Dextrose (ACD) and Citrated Phosphate Dextrose (CPD) can be added to stop blood clotting
2) Medical and surgical equipments: If blood is allowed to clot, these equipments will get clogged up and thus will no longer work. To prevent this from happening suitable anticoagulants are used
# What You Should Know About Medicines
## Medical Disclaimer

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The medical information provided on Wikibooks is, at best, of a general nature and cannot substitute for the advice of a medical professional (for instance, a qualified doctor/physician, nurse, pharmacist/chemist, and so on). Wikibooks is not a doctor.
None of the individual contributors, system operators, developers, sponsors of Wikibooks nor anyone else connected to Wikibooks can take any responsibility for the results or consequences of any attempt to use or adopt any of the information presented on this web site.
Nothing on Wikibooks.org or included as part of any project of Wikimedia Foundation Inc., should be construed as an attempt to offer or render a medical opinion or otherwise engage in the practice of medicine.

## Table of Contents

* Introduction
* Why Medicines?
* How Medicines Work
* Administration Basics
* Medications
** Anticoagulants
** Antipyretics
** Antidepressants
** Anticonvulsants
** Analgesics and Painkillers
** Anticholesterols
** Anxiolytics
** Antipsychotics
** Beta Blockers
** Calcium Channel Blockers
** Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE Inhibitors)
** Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB's)
** Diuretics
** Neuropathic
** Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
** Opioids
** Diabetes Medications
** Stimulants
** Statins
** Z-Drugs
* Symptoms
** Anorexia
** Diaphoresis
** Anxiety
** Anxiolytic
** Aggression
** Constipation
** Coma
** Delirium
** Delusions
** Dementia
** Depression
** Dissociation
** Dysphoria
** Epilepsy
** Nausea
** Obtundation
** Vomiting
** Euphoria
** Disinhibition
** Impulsivity
** Hyperactivity
** Inflammation
** Psychosis
** Agitation
** Edema
** Sepsis
** Sedation
** Dizziness
** Malaise
** Weight Gain
** Xerostomia
** Headache
** Tic
** Tremor
** Somnolence
* Dispensing
** Tablets, pills, and capsules
** Liquids
** Sublingual
** Topical and transdermal
** Injection
** Inhalation
** Suppository
** Opthalmologic
** Implant
** Film
* Drug Interactions
* Side Effects
** Severe Allergic Reaction
** Paradoxical Reaction
** Poisoning
** Reye's Syndrome
** Tardive Dyskensia
** Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)
** Serotonin Syndrome
** Overdose
** Headache
** Nausea
** Mild Sedation
** Dependence
** Tolerance
** Addiction
* Safe Disposal
* Special populations
** Children
** The Elderly
** Diabetics
** Kidney Problems
* Appendices
** Common Medications by Brand Name
** Common Medications by Use
** Glossary of Pharmacological Abbreviations
# What You Should Know About Medicines/Analgesics

An analgesic is a medicine used to relieve pain. The body of analgesic knowledge is vast and complex. Morever it is ever changing with an increasing array of new molecules and drugs.
Examples of Analgesics:
1. Flexin Continus tablets Useful in Osteoarthritis and Painful Musculoskeletal disorders
2. Codafen Continus tablets Useful in Dental pain, post-operative pain, dysmenorrhea
Pain relief has traditionally relied on three main groups of drugs:
* Opioids, which reduce pain awareness in the brain, but don't change the pain
* Local anaesthetics, which confuse the nerves sending pain signals to the brain
* Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which reduce the inflammation **which leads to pain
Researchers continue to search for new ways of using these traditional drugs. (a) Varying the routes of administration.
* The oral route is the most common, but means the medication has to be swallowed, absorbed into the body, and pass the liver before it can work.
* Transdermal Opioids (putting cream or patches on the skin) is an advantage for continuous pain treatment, like cancer pain or severe arthritis, and one formulation may last 72-80 hours, reducing medication administration errors and side effects
* Injectable pain medication is frequently used for areas that allow surgery or other pain relief when the entire body does not need to be involved, like fixing a tooth at the dentist, or sewing a laceration closed on an arm.
(b) Use of some different delivery formulations. (c) Changing the species to which they may be given.
Research has also brought in various new compounds offer improved pain relief and reduction in side effects.
# What You Should Know About Medicines/Anorexia

Being anorectic means having no appetite. This is most often caused by an medication or medical condition. It is a fairly common medication side effect, commonly caused by medications that have side effects of appetite suppressing (such as methylphenidate for ADHD). However, you should never take a medication not prescribed to you to help you lose weight.
# What You Should Know About Medicines/Antidepressants

Depression is a common condition. It may be situational, or may be due to an imbalance of hormones in the brain (Clinical Depression). Although there is no laboratory test for depression, and experienced clinician can make diagnosis based on history and observation, and recommend medication to correct a likely imbalance.
The most commonly prescribed antidepressants are currently the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI). This type of antidepressant has mostly replaced older ones (e.g. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI), Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)). The SSRIs are generally considered to be more effective than the older types, and are typically considered safer and therefore preferable for use in depressed patients who may feel suicidal. Prozac (fluoxetine) was the first SSRI in the United States (Luvox (Fluvoxamine) being the first worldwide).
One theory of depression is a depressed level of serotonin (there may also be an connection with an imbalance in other neurotransmitters such as dopamine and/or norepinephrine). SSRIs act by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin elevating available serotonin levels (it does not cause more serotonin to be created). Antidepressants (including SSRIs) can alter the level of more than one neurotransmitter simultaneously. The affinity for other neurotransmitters will vary depending on the particular drug considered. Though some types of antidepressants have been designed to have a high affinity for multiple neurotransmitters (e.g. Effexor (venlafaxine) which inhibits the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine).
Antidepressants usually take 2 to 6 weeks for take effect. Though treatment with an antidepressant should be reassessed at regular intervals (e.g. every couple of months) to see if continued usage is warranted.
Common side effects of SSRIs include (but are not limited to) dry mouth, nausea, sedation, headache, sweating, GI issues, weight gain/loss and issues with libido. These effects usually subside within a couple weeks, though the weight and libido issues may persist throughout the duration of treatment.
Some people may experience an increase in impulsivity or suicidal ideation with these medications. Thus, the prescribing physician should be contacted upon any such out of character mood or conduct.
Caution should be used when discontinuing an antidepressant. The dosage should be reduced gradually over time (dependent on the particular drugs half-life) to reduce the chances or severity of symptoms of a discontinuation syndrome.
# XForms/Venn Diagram
## Motivation

You want to interactively change Venn Diagram parameters.

## Method

Use XForms range controls to change values in a form. Use the bind to concatenate input parameters. Use the incremental attribute to allow the user to see the changes as the range controls change. Sending a submit will alter the Venn Diagram REST parameters.

### Output of Call to Google Charts
## Link to Executable Example

Load Example Form
# XHTML
## Contents

* What is XHTML — (Feb 19, 2022)
** History of XHTML — (Feb 19, 2022)
** Media Types — (Feb 19, 2022)
** A Basic XHTML Document — (Feb 19, 2022)
* DTD (Document Type Definition) — (Feb 19, 2022)
* XHTML Grammar — (Feb 19, 2022)
* XHTML Documents — (Feb 19, 2022)
* XHTML Attributes — (Feb 19, 2022)
* XHTML Objects — (Feb 19, 2022)
* XHTML Validating — (Feb 19, 2022)
* Appendices:
** HTML vs. XHTML — (Feb 19, 2022)

## Other Resources

* XHTML Tutorial from HTML Source, detailing the differences in writing XHTML from HTML.
* XHTML Tutorial from W3Schools Introducing comprehensively XHTML.
* "HTML Dog" HTML and CSS Tutorials.
* XForms - XForms Tutorial and Cookbook.
* Common questions on HTML and XHTML are listed at the W3C FAQ page on XHTML and HTML 4.01.
* XHTML lessons
* XHTML Books Collection
* xHTML Tutorial for Beginners
# Preventing Form Data Loss When User Navigate Away from Unsaved Data

Add this code to global.js
Mozilla Page
IE Manual

## Discussion

Use the xf:load action in combination with an xforms-value-changed event to call a "dirty" function containing setBunload(true).
Likewise, use the load action within the submission to call a "clean" function containing "setBunload(false)".

## References

This example was taken from Alex Bleasdale in 2007.
Microsoft documentation on page unload function
# Native XML Databases

XForms works very well when the submit element can insert or update instance data directly into a database. This feature is supported by most native and hybrid databases.
There are over 30 Native XML databases in use today from both OpenSource and commercial vendors. One of the large factors that make some easier to integrate with XForms is the availability of a Rest interface so that your submit URL statement can be structured somewhat like this:
http://www.example.com/application/form/save.xq
Where save is some XQuery file that has the instructions for saving the XML data into the appropriate table or collection.

## References

* Wikipedia Article on XML Databases
For a list of Native XML Databases see:
* Rob Bourret Web Site
# XForms/eXist

eXist is a native XML database that has a full REST interface. This allows you to use eXist to save form data without writing any middleware glue.

## eXist REST interface

eXist provides a full REST interface that is easy to call from an XForm.

## eXist WebDAV interface

eXist also provides a full WebDAV interface. This allows you to do HTTP "PUT" operations directly from your forms.

## eXist Example

In this example, we will create a user named "juser" (Jane User) and setup a collection to read and write form data.

## Sample Program

To run this program, just install eXist from the web site. use the eXist admin menu to create a user called "juser". Then create a home collection for juser at /db/home/juser. Then login as juser and create a collection called "test". You will put a form and instance data into this file.
To read and write instance data into a form just use the following example:
Note that if the data is in the same collection as the form (not a good long term design) you can use a relative path reference. Also note that we are doing an HTTP PUT operation to the webdav (not rest) interface to exist.

## Using eXist URLs

It is easy to load XML data directly into your XForms application. In the instance statement in your model just add a src attribute and put a path name to the file you want to edit. The key is to put the word "rest" in the URL when you are reading data into your form:
Always put the word "webdav" in the URL path when doing an HTTP PUT.
That is all there is to it!
For more information see the eXist manual on using the REST and WebDAV interfaces for eXist.

## Using XQuery to return Document IDs

When using an XML database, you sometimes wish to have the database receive an XML document and store it in the correct location based on business rules such as the content of an XML document and the date. This can be done in relational databases using stored procedures.
XQuery can be thought of as an XML-oriented stored procedure. eXist allows you to save directly to the URL of an XQuery and the XQuery can store the document based on a number of rules.
Here is an example eXist XQuery that that takes HTTP POST and creates a path name to a collection based on the county in input document and the date. After it saves the file and checks that the save has worked it increments a counter similar to the AUTOINCREMENT property of some relational databases.

## Processing the Results

This XQuery returns an XML message such as the following
Assuming you have a hostname, port and application-name variables are set up, the XForms application would contain the following code:

## Setting the mime type for XQuery Results

If you want your XQuery to return the correct mime type put the following in the preamble:
(This suggestion from Kurt Cagle)
# XForms/Web Service Tester
## Motivation

You want a generic tool for testing a REST web service. You want to be able to put in a URI and an instance document and see what data is returned.

## Discussion

The response area could be hidden in a switch/case view and a toggle done after submission.

## Acknowledgments

Thanks to Fraser for this suggestion.
# XForms/Web service

Web services can be called directly from an XForms application using the submission element in the model.

## Connecting a web service to an Event

To call a web service you first need to "wire it" up to an event. For example this can be a "submit" button at the end of a form.
The submit element is usually in the presentation (inside the body tag) and is wired to a <submission> element in the model.
This is just a temporary storage area that the results will be inserted into.

### The XForms submission Statement

There are few things to note. The action attribute is the URL of the connection point of the web service. The operation you call is not included in the URL.
The method (get, put or post) in this case is a post.

### Mediatype

XForms is a rich application development standard. So by default the HTTP transactions used by XForms use a mediatype for XML application that includes binary files and binary attachments. So by default, XForms sends an HTTP command with the following in it:
However most simple web services do not support binary. The mediatype for ASCII text (without binary) is just:
So if you will also be sending binary files you will need to add a mediatype attribute to to your submission:

## Debugging Response Documents

You can also replace the entire document with the XML result (the option is replace="all") or you can just have it replace an instance.
The last three <toggle> statements are for displaying results.

### A style sheet

This makes the error messages red and the correct responses green.

### The Presentation

Here is the actual body of the XForms document. It has a single button that calls the web service.

## Discussion

The presentation conditionally displays the error messages using a switch/case section. The toggle elements are each triggered by the appropriate event.
You can also put a spinning GIF icon in the section to get an animation for a response from the server.
# XForms/XForms Architecture
## The XForms Architecture

Unlike some technologies, e.g. AJAX, XForms is much more than a collection of languages and techniques. XForms has a fully developed architecture and a complete set of design patterns.
To start with let's look at the heart of XForms architecture: The Model-View-Controller design pattern.
Most people that have studied MVC architecture agree on two aspects: The Model and the View. The model is where you store your data or your business objects. The View is what the user sees. But many variations of MVC have very different implementations of a controller. In the early days of SmallTalk at Xerox PARC the controller was related to user events and how they are gathered and dispatched. Today our input controls have much of the heavy lifting of events "baked into" them, so the form designers don't have to worry too much about handling mouse events and redirecting them unless they want specific behaviors. Many forms can be created without any knowledge of how events work.
To understand how XForms work you must understand that XForms has two trees in the browser.
The model is a tree that is not presented to the user directly and holds one or more instances and optionally some binding rules and some named events.
The view is a tree of presentation elements that the user sees. To build an XForms application you simply wire the two trees together using binding statements. And there are several ways to do this.
# XForms/Vertical Menu
## Motivation

You want a navigation bar on the left edge of a form that allows you to swap different sections of a large form into view.

## Screen Image

Vertical Tabs

## Discussion

This is similar to the horizontal tab menu. It uses the CSS-3 target pseudo element.