OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Computers & Society/Social Web

Since the publication of Manuel Castells' book The Internet Galaxy in 2001, there have been enormous changes to the Society.
In this chapter we will look specifically that those changes which go by the name Social Web.
In 2001, Castells opposed "Virtual Communities" to the "Network Society" (p.116). After a chapter of detailed analysis he concludes that perhaps that "individuals are in fact reconstructing the pattern of social interaction [...] to create a new form of society: the network society." (p.133).
We need to look for evidence to see if in fact there is a reconstruction of social interaction.
# Computer network technologies and services

Originally imported from WikiAppunti: Computer network technologies and services lecture notes
* WAN
* MPLS
* IPv6
* Migration to IPv6
* VPN
* VoIP
* Quality of service
* Elements of security and cryptography
# Dialectical Behavioral Therapy

This is the start of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Wiki
DBT is based upon the work of Marsha M. Linehan, Ph.D. who developed this treatment for people with Borderline Personality Disorder, see Skills Training Manual for Treating Borderline Personality Disorder by Marsha M. Linehan ISBN 0898620341.

## Table of Contents

* Core Mindfulness Skills
** Observe
** Describe
** Participate
** Non-Judgmentally
** One-Mindfully
** Effectively
** Wise Mind
* Emotion Regulation Skills
** Identifying and labeling emotions
** Understanding the function of emotions
** Identifying obstacles to changing emotions
** Reducing vulnerability to “emotion mind”
** Increasing positive emotional events
** Increasing mindfulness to current emotions
** Taking opposite action
** Applying distress tolerance techniques
* Interpersonal Effectiveness Skills
** Attending to Relationships
** Balancing Priorities vs. Demands in Life and Relationships
** Options for Intensity of Asking or Saying No, and Factors to Consider in Deciding
** Objective Effectiveness
** Relationship Effectiveness
** Self-Respect Effectiveness
* Distress Tolerance Skills
** Distracting
** Self-soothing
** Improving the moment
** Thinking of pros and cons.
** Radical Acceptance
** Turning the mind toward acceptance
** Willingness versus Willfulness.
# Dialectical Behavioral Therapy/Borderline Personality Disorder

What is Borderline Personality Disorder? And, do I have to have this diagnosis to benefit from DBT?
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a label that mental health professionals use to describe the behavior of certain people who have serious problems in living. People with this diagnosis often experience stronger emotions than the average person, feel afraid or desperate more often, and frequently do impulsive things as a result. They may have problems getting and keeping good relationships because their feelings of anger or fear are so strong. People with BPD may think that others are trying to take advantage of them or have hurt feelings easily. Also, they may have feelings of emptiness or sadness inside that cause them to want to die or to find relief in self-harm. For some people with this diagnosis, these mood swings and the behaviors that come from them may make it impossible to live a good life.
Most people who have the diagnosis of BPD also have one or several other diagnoses. These often include a mood disorder (like, Bi-Polar Disorder or Depression), Attention Deficit Disorder, or others. Also, they may be on one, several, or no medications at all. There is no single medication that seems to be best for everyone with this disorder, and a wide variety of medications are prescribed. Sometimes people have to try out several different medications before they find the right single medication or combination that helps them the most. One rule that applies to almost everyone with BPD is that medication is not enough to help people get better and stay better. Therapy is also required in order to make satisfying and lasting life changes and to “get over” Borderline Personality Disorder.
Biosocial Model of Borderline Personality Disorder
# Autodesk 3ds Max/Modifiers

Affect Region Modifier
Attribute Holder Modifier
Bend Modifier where are the functions
Bevel Modifier
Bevel Profile Modifier
Camera Map Modifier (Object Space)
Camera Map Modifier (World Space)
Cap Holes Modifier
Cross-Section Modifier
Delete Mesh Modifier
Delete Patch Modifier
Delete Spline Modifier
Disp Approx Modifier
Displace Modifier

## Displace NURBS Modifier (World Space)

Edit Mesh Modifier
Edit Normals Modifier
Edit Patch Modifier
Edit Poly Modifier
Edit Spline Modifier
Extrude Modifier
Face Extrude Modifier
FFD (Free-Form Deformation) Modifiers
FFD (Free-Form Deformation) (Box/Cyl) Modifier
FFD (Free-Form Deformation) Select Modifier
Fillet/Chamfer Modifier
Flex Modifier
HSDS Modifier
Lathe Modifier
Lattice Modifier
Linked XForm Modifier
LS Colors Modifier (World Space)
LS Mesh Modifier
MapScaler Modifier (Object Space)
MapScaler Modifier (World Space)
Material Modifier
MaterialByElement Modifier
Melt Modifier
Mesh Select Modifier
MeshSmooth Modifier
Mirror Modifier
Morpher Modifier
MultiRes Modifier
Noise Modifier
Normal Modifier
NSurf Sel Modifier
Normalize Spline Modifier
Optimize Modifier
PatchDeform Modifier (World Space)
PathDeform Modifier (World Space)
PatchDeform Modifier
Patch Select Modifier
PathDeform Modifier
Physique Modifier
Point Cache Modifier
Point Cache Modifier (World Space)
Poly Select Modifier
Preserve Modifier
Projection Modifier
Projection Holder Modifier
Push Modifier
Relax Modifier
Renderable Spline Modifier
Ripple Modifier
Select By Channel Modifier
Shell Modifier
Skew Modifier
Skin Modifier
Skin Morph Modifier
Skin Wrap Modifier
Skin Wrap Patch Modifier
Slice Modifier
Smooth Modifier
Spherify Modifier
Spline IK Control Modifier
Spline Select Modifier
Squeeze Modifier
STL Check Modifier
Stretch Modifier
Subdivide Modifier
Substitute Modifier
Surface Mapper Modifier (World Space)
Surface Modifier
SurfDeform Modifier
SurfDeform Modifier (World Space)
Symmetry Modifier
Taper Modifier
Tessellate Modifier
Trim/Extend Modifier
TurboSmooth Modifier
Turn To Mesh Modifier
Turn To Patch Modifier
Turn To Poly Modifier
Twist Modifier
Unwrap UVW Modifier
UVW Map Modifier
UVW Mapping Add Modifier
UVW Mapping Clear Modifier
UVW XForm Modifier
VertexPaint Modifier
Vertex Weld Modifier
Volume Select Modifier
Wave Modifier
XForm Modifier
# AutoCAD/External links
## External links
### Clones

CADopia 8 is a software similar to AutoCAD.

### Free clones

This section is to include information about AutoCAD clones that are free software.
FreeCAD is an OpenSource CAD/CAE
A9CAD has a freeware CAD version.
ProgeCAD 2009 smart! is freeware for non-commercial use.
DoubleCAD XT
NANOcad has a free copy
Dassault Systèmes offers Draftsight for free

### AutoCAD Books

* AutoCAD 2007 and AutoCAD LT 2007 Bible by Ellen Finkelstein
* AutoCAD 2007 and AutoCAD LT 2007: No Experience Required by David Frey
* AutoCAD 2007 For Dummies by David Byrnes and Mark Middlebrook
* Digital Drawing for Designers: A Visual Guide to AutoCAD 2015 by Douglas R. Seidler
* Exercise Workbook for Beginning Autocad 2006 by Cheryl Shrock
* Mastering AutoCAD 2007 and AutoCAD LT 2007 by George Omura
* Up and Running with AutoCAD 2010 by Elliot Gindis
* AutoCAD 2019: A Problem Solving Approach by Prof. Sham Tickoo

### Free AutoCAD Tutorials

CADTutor - Text and video tutorials.
MyCADSite - Text and video tutorials.
# Autodesk 3ds Max

This is a book for learning to use the 3D modeling/animation software 3ds Max.

## Lessons

* Introduction to the interface - This section is for people intending to learn to use 3ds Max.
* Beginner - This section is for users who know how to operate the basic controls and wish to learn how to model at a basic level.
* Intermediate - This section is for anyone who already has a basic understanding of how to use and model with 3ds Max and wishes to expand their knowledge.
* Advanced - This section is for any one who wishes to learn advanced modeling and animating features of 3ds Max.

## Appendices

* Small 3ds Max

## Glossary

* Terminology - A reference of terms for 3ds Max.
* Shortcuts - A reference of keyboard shortcuts in 3ds Max.
* Modifiers - A list of Modifiers available in 3ds Max and their functions.
# AutoCAD/Layout Space & Model Space
## Layout Space/Model Space

Layout Space is typically used as an area for drawing entities that are not real-world objects, but rather entities that are informational in nature (annotations, border and title block, notes, etc.) and therefore can always be drawn at the same size they will be printed at. It has been long-debated about the usefulness of Layout(Paper) Space, especially since AutoCAD introduced xRefs and the ability to clip them. Many users find working solely in Model Space an efficient method of working in CAD (ala Microstation), however both methods of working in AutoCAD have their pros and cons, and what method a user may choose will largely depend on personal preference and/or the preferred method of the company one works for.

### Model Space

Model space is basically "the real world". Everything is drawn at a scale of one to one (where meters, millimeters or inches are the preferred drawing units) and all drawing components are positioned at the correct distances from each other, regardless of what sheet of paper they may end up being printed on. The drawings may also be positioned on a specific coordinate system, such as a national mapping grid, in order to integrate accurately with other drawings.

### Layout (Paper) Space

A typical Layout Space layout will consist of a standardized title block containing information about the drawing; drawing number, date completed etc. This title block will be drawn to accurately fit on a standardized sheet of paper. For example, a sheet of ISO A1 measures 841mm by 594mm. Thus, a title block for printing on such a sheet may measure 820 drawing units by 570. It can then be printed out at a scale of 1 to 1, and will fit on the page nicely.

### Viewports

All this is of course well and good, but how do we get the actual drawing information from model space into this titleblock? To do this, we utilize an item known as a viewport. A viewport is a shape (usually a rectangle but can be any shape) that is drawn into paper space. Think of them as a TV screen. Inserting a viewport into paper spaces "places a camera" into model space. You can change the angle of view, the scale factor and many other variables in the viewport settings. These changes only effect this one viewport. This lets you have, for example, one large viewport of a building site at a scale of 1:100, and right beside it another showing a detailed area at a scale of 1:10. It's the same building site, and it exists only once in model space, but it is represented twice in two different ways in the final drawing. The obvious advantage of this is any changes made in model space will instantly update in every viewport, keeping all your printable drawings up to date.
# AutoCAD/DWG Files

AutoCAD drawings are saved using the DWG extension, and over the years this has become a standard format for exchanging technical drawings, to the extent that even programs such as Adobe Illustrator will recognise DWG files. AutoCAD also supports an even more widely recognised format called DXF which was specifically designed as an interchange format. Unfortunately, as AutoCAD has passed through numerous editions, the DWG format has upgraded to keep pace with newer features. The most recent format was released with AutoCAD 2012 and any files saved using this format cannot be opened by AutoCAD 2011, 2010, 2009 etc.
# AutoCAD/Drafting
## Drafting
### Starting a drawing

Upon running the program, the user will likely be prompted with an option to open an existing drawing or start afresh using a template. Templates are saved using a DWT extension and provide a quick way to get started. Having selected a template or having chosen to start from scratch, the user finds themselves at an empty drawing and is free to input information. The main area of the program window is taken up by the drawing area. This is surrounded by toolbars, a menu bar and a command line. The toolbars and the menu bar work the same way as other Windows programs, but the command line is a little more primitive. It is a throwback to the earlier versions of AutoCAD which existed in a time prior to Graphical User Interfaces and all editing had to be done by typing in commands and specifying coordinates. Even something like zooming into an area required the user to input the coordinates defining the window around the area to zoom into. Naturally enough, none of this functionality has been removed, with the result that AutoCAD now has both a modern graphical interface and a less pretty but far more flexible command line system. The advantages of using the command line to control the program will become clear later.

### OSNAP Modes

Using object snap modes is crucial for accurate drawing. Drawing without them will result in misaligned entities and inaccurate lengths and positioning.
They can be accessed while using a command that asks the user to input a specific point, either directly at the command line, the OSNAP toolbox or by right clicking while holding the shift key.
# C Sharp Programming/Keywords/when

The when contextual keyword is used to provide filtering capabilities in a catch statement or a case label of a switch statement. The keyword immediately precedes a condition, e.g., when (lifeValue < 1).
C# Keywords :
| abstract | as | base | bool | break |
| byte | case | catch | char | checked |
| class | const | continue | decimal | default |
| delegate | do | double | else | enum |
| event | explicit | extern | false | finally |
| fixed | float | for | foreach | goto |
| if | implicit | in | int | interface |
| internal | is | lock | long | namespace |
| new | null | object | operator | out |
| override | params | private | protected | public |
| readonly | ref | return | sbyte | sealed |
| short | sizeof | stackalloc | static | string |
| struct | switch | this | throw | true |
| try | typeof | uint | ulong | unchecked |
| unsafe | ushort | using | var | virtual |
| void | volatile | while |
Special C# Identifiers (Contextual Keywords) :
| add | alias | async | await | dynamic |
| get | global | nameof | partial | remove |
| set | value | when | where | yield |
Contextual Keywords (Used in Queries) :
| ascending | by | descending | equals | from |
| group | in | into | join | let |
| on | orderby | select | where |
# C Sharp Programming/Keywords/while

The while keyword identifies a while loop.
C# Keywords :
| abstract | as | base | bool | break |
| byte | case | catch | char | checked |
| class | const | continue | decimal | default |
| delegate | do | double | else | enum |
| event | explicit | extern | false | finally |
| fixed | float | for | foreach | goto |
| if | implicit | in | int | interface |
| internal | is | lock | long | namespace |
| new | null | object | operator | out |
| override | params | private | protected | public |
| readonly | ref | return | sbyte | sealed |
| short | sizeof | stackalloc | static | string |
| struct | switch | this | throw | true |
| try | typeof | uint | ulong | unchecked |
| unsafe | ushort | using | var | virtual |
| void | volatile | while |
Special C# Identifiers (Contextual Keywords) :
| add | alias | async | await | dynamic |
| get | global | nameof | partial | remove |
| set | value | when | where | yield |
Contextual Keywords (Used in Queries) :
| ascending | by | descending | equals | from |
| group | in | into | join | let |
| on | orderby | select | where |
# C Sharp Programming/Keywords/yield

The yield keyword returns the next value from an iterator or ends an iteration.
C# Keywords :
| abstract | as | base | bool | break |
| byte | case | catch | char | checked |
| class | const | continue | decimal | default |
| delegate | do | double | else | enum |
| event | explicit | extern | false | finally |
| fixed | float | for | foreach | goto |
| if | implicit | in | int | interface |
| internal | is | lock | long | namespace |
| new | null | object | operator | out |
| override | params | private | protected | public |
| readonly | ref | return | sbyte | sealed |
| short | sizeof | stackalloc | static | string |
| struct | switch | this | throw | true |
| try | typeof | uint | ulong | unchecked |
| unsafe | ushort | using | var | virtual |
| void | volatile | while |
Special C# Identifiers (Contextual Keywords) :
| add | alias | async | await | dynamic |
| get | global | nameof | partial | remove |
| set | value | when | where | yield |
Contextual Keywords (Used in Queries) :
| ascending | by | descending | equals | from |
| group | in | into | join | let |
| on | orderby | select | where |
# C Sharp Programming/NET Framework overview

.NET Framework is a common environment for building, deploying, and running Web Services, Web Applications, Windows Services and Windows Applications. The .NET Framework contains common class libraries - like ADO.NET, ASP.NET and Windows Forms - to provide advanced standard services that can be integrated into a variety of computer systems.

## Introduction

In June 2000 Microsoft released both the .NET platform and a new program language called C#. C# is a general-purpose OOP language designed to give optimum simplicity, expansiveness, and performance. Its syntax is very similar to Java, with the major difference being that all variable types are derived from a common ancestor class.
C# is a language in itself. It can perform mathematical and logical operations, variable assignment and other expected traits of a programming language. This in itself is not flexible enough for more complex applications. At some stage, the developer will want to interact with the host system whether it be reading files or downloading content from the Internet.
The .NET framework is a toolset developed for the Windows platform to allow the developer to interact with the host system or any external entity whether it be another process, or another computer. The .NET platform is a Windows platform-specific implementation. Other operating systems have their own implementations due to the differences in the operating systems I/O management, security models and interfaces.

## Background

* Originally called NGWS (Next Generation Windows Services).
* .NET does not run in any browser. It is a runtime language (Common Language Runtime) like the Java runtime. By contrast, Microsoft Silverlight does run in a browser.
* .NET is based on the newest Web standards.
* .NET is built on the following Internet standards:
** HTTP, the communication protocol between Internet Applications
** SOAP, the standard format for requesting Web Services
** UDDI, the standard to search and discover Web Services
** XML, the format for exchanging data between Internet Applications
# C Sharp Programming/Keywords/virtual

The keyword virtual is applied to a method declaration to indicate that the method may be overridden in a subclass. If the virtual keyword is not applied and a method is defined in a subclass with the same signature as the one in the parent class, the method in the parent class is hidden by the subclass implementation. With other words, it is only possible to have a true polymorphism of functions with this keyword.
Notice: Comparing it with Java, a method is not virtual if and only if it is final. This is the result of different design philosophies.
C# Keywords :
| abstract | as | base | bool | break |
| byte | case | catch | char | checked |
| class | const | continue | decimal | default |
| delegate | do | double | else | enum |
| event | explicit | extern | false | finally |
| fixed | float | for | foreach | goto |
| if | implicit | in | int | interface |
| internal | is | lock | long | namespace |
| new | null | object | operator | out |
| override | params | private | protected | public |
| readonly | ref | return | sbyte | sealed |
| short | sizeof | stackalloc | static | string |
| struct | switch | this | throw | true |
| try | typeof | uint | ulong | unchecked |
| unsafe | ushort | using | var | virtual |
| void | volatile | while |
Special C# Identifiers (Contextual Keywords) :
| add | alias | async | await | dynamic |
| get | global | nameof | partial | remove |
| set | value | when | where | yield |
Contextual Keywords (Used in Queries) :
| ascending | by | descending | equals | from |
| group | in | into | join | let |
| on | orderby | select | where |
# C Sharp Programming/Keywords/void

The void keyword is used in method signatures to declare a method that does not return a value. A method declared with the void return type cannot provide any arguments to any return statements they contain.
Example:
C# Keywords :
| abstract | as | base | bool | break |
| byte | case | catch | char | checked |
| class | const | continue | decimal | default |
| delegate | do | double | else | enum |
| event | explicit | extern | false | finally |
| fixed | float | for | foreach | goto |
| if | implicit | in | int | interface |
| internal | is | lock | long | namespace |
| new | null | object | operator | out |
| override | params | private | protected | public |
| readonly | ref | return | sbyte | sealed |
| short | sizeof | stackalloc | static | string |
| struct | switch | this | throw | true |
| try | typeof | uint | ulong | unchecked |
| unsafe | ushort | using | var | virtual |
| void | volatile | while |
Special C# Identifiers (Contextual Keywords) :
| add | alias | async | await | dynamic |
| get | global | nameof | partial | remove |
| set | value | when | where | yield |
Contextual Keywords (Used in Queries) :
| ascending | by | descending | equals | from |
| group | in | into | join | let |
| on | orderby | select | where |
# C Sharp Programming/Keywords/volatile

The volatile keyword is used to declare a variable that may change its value over time due to modification by an outside process, the system hardware, or another concurrently running thread.
You should use this modifier in your member variable declaration to ensure that whenever the value is read, you are always getting the most recent (up-to-date) value of the variable.
C# Keywords :
| abstract | as | base | bool | break |
| byte | case | catch | char | checked |
| class | const | continue | decimal | default |
| delegate | do | double | else | enum |
| event | explicit | extern | false | finally |
| fixed | float | for | foreach | goto |
| if | implicit | in | int | interface |
| internal | is | lock | long | namespace |
| new | null | object | operator | out |
| override | params | private | protected | public |
| readonly | ref | return | sbyte | sealed |
| short | sizeof | stackalloc | static | string |
| struct | switch | this | throw | true |
| try | typeof | uint | ulong | unchecked |
| unsafe | ushort | using | var | virtual |
| void | volatile | while |
Special C# Identifiers (Contextual Keywords) :
| add | alias | async | await | dynamic |
| get | global | nameof | partial | remove |
| set | value | when | where | yield |
Contextual Keywords (Used in Queries) :
| ascending | by | descending | equals | from |
| group | in | into | join | let |
| on | orderby | select | where |
This keyword has been part of the C# programming language since .NET Framework 1.1 (Visual Studio 2003).