OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Environmental Health Engineering Theory and Practice

Environmental Health Engineering Theory and Practice (Dec 17, 2019)
| The Earth seen from Apollo 17 | Caduceus color | Square-compass - square above |

## Table of contents

| Introductory Material About Peer Review Introduction Theory Environmental Health Engineering: What it is and What it is Not Genetics Susceptibility Exposure Disease Toxicological Paradigm Internal Dose Biologically Effective Dose Early Biologic Effect Altered Structure or Function Infectious Disease Carriage Infectious Dose Infected Cells Agent Replication | Practice Geographic Scope Regulations Communities Populations Individuals Core Topics Food Safety Drinking Water Sanitation Indoor Air Quality Wastes Housing Disaster Sanitation Statutes and Regulations Additional Topics Biological Agents Chemical Agents Radiological Agents Vectors and Pests Occupational Exposure Noise Pools Institutions | Emerging Areas Antimicrobial Resistance Plastics Climate Change Case Studies 1993 Cryptosporidiosis Outbreak; Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA 2014 Lead in Drinking Water Crisis; Flint, Michigan, USA Conclusions Conclusions |

## Related Wikibooks

* GNU Health
* Drinking Water
* Teaching Elementary School Health Education/Environmental Health

## Useful Off-site Resources

* NEHA: National Environmental Health Association, USA
* CIEH: Chartered Institute of Environmental Health, UK
* IFEH: International Federation of Environmental Health
# Entry Level PHP Web Application Development/Our First Programs: Hello, World!/Variables-Answer

Variables are placeholders for any value of any type. The purpose of them is to reserve a place in memory for an as-yet unknown value (such as “Jim”) and be able to act on it in the program.
# Character Creation/Character personality

Is your character mean, nice, stupid? That can be determined all by their personality...

## Personality mix

Most characters have three personalities. The first two mixed together to make their main personality, and the third one arising when danger is near, e. g. Character number one's main personality is a mix of harshness and intelligence, while in a dangerous situation he would be brave.
Sometimes there are a characters with four personality types, the first three being their main personality, and the fourth appearing what they face danger (the personalities could be split so that the third and fourth are displayed when danger arises).
# Character Encodings/Author guidelines

There will be some important Author guidelines for this book and this page should be updated in a few days. In the interim please don't simply move the pages from Transwiki namespace into the book, alternatively ask the author if you want to do that. Also please check the To-Dos list.
# Character Encodings/Code Tables

* EBCDIC
* MS-DOS
* Windows
* ISO
* HP
# Character Creation/Little details

Details are very important in character creation, they could make or break your character! There won't be tips on little details, since there can be so many, but there will be one thing: When planning details, be careful, they will change your character a lot!
For example, a reader can tell that a character is impatient if she taps her feet from time to time.
It is especially important for the characters to have little details as this makes the reader able to relate to them more. Let's take the antagonist for instance, say he's a mean, nasty, bloodthirsty man, that's alright but what makes him special? What makes him stand out in the sea of all other such people?
Maybe it's his love for roses or unrequited love from someone he has been chasing after or ability to create criminally beautiful art.
If we have a protagonist whom you've thoroughly ascertained is no Mary Sue, how do we give them a personal feel, it must be something that readers can relate to; perhaps he's reckless or likes to hang his coat on the third peg or only drinks a certain brand of tea.
As said above, little details can make or break a character however, do be sure not to overload your characters. Think of ordinary people then apply that to your works.
# Development Cooperation Handbook/Designing and Managing Programmes/Stages of Programme Cycle Managemen

Stages of Programme Cycle Management:
* Program identification
* Program formulation or design
* Program implementation or execution
* Program evaluation
* Ending a programme

## Tools

* The deliverable that terminates the identification phase (and opens the designing phase of programme cycle management) is the "programme scope document".
* The deliverable that terminates the designing phase (and opens the designing phase of programme cycle management) is the "program plan".
* Program Quality Plan
* Guideline: How can we plan a programme so as to considered the impact it will have?
* Guideline : clarifying the responsibilities of project managers and program managers
* Guideline: How to manage programmes for a learning organization that is projectized and employee empowering
# Development Cooperation Handbook/Designing and Managing Projects/Project Execution Tools

Project execution (or implementation) is the phase in which the plan designed in the prior phases of the project life are put into action. The purpose of project execution is to deliver the project expected results (deliverable and other direct outputs). Typically, this is the longest phase of the project management lifecycle, where most resources are applied.

### Conduct Project Execution Kick-off event

Project Execution Kick-off Meeting Agenda
Project Team Roster

### Manage Project Partnerships

An Example of Partnership Agreement Guidelines An Example of Partnership agreement letter

### Manage Project Human Resources
###### Templates

Applicant employee evaluation form Staff Activity Forecast and Report Interpersonal skill assessment Employee Performance Review – Peer Review
Performance appraisal forms

###### Guidelines

Key Questions for Establishing the Team Organization
How to reach an agreement on the Employee Performance Objectives
How to manage motivated and effective teams
How to recognize if Team Building is successful
How to check the level of togetherness in a team
Measures to make teams more performing
The 5 steps of team creation
Checklist for Identifying Performance Problems
Why do organisations need to plan and manage their communication?
How team members can improve overall project communication
Measures to make teams more performing
Required characteristics of the project manager
The 10 Project Management Guiding Principles

### Manage Implementation of Project Execution
###### Templates

Tasks implementation report form
Template - Project Status Snapshot
Template - Project status summary
Template - Project Status Report

###### Checklists

What to do in order to obtain information about a project
What to ask in order to obtain information about a project What to say in order to provide information about a project

###### Guidelines

Guideline: how to report project performance How team members can improve overall project communication
How to built the trust and provide solid support for your reports
# Development Cooperation Handbook/Designing and Managing Projects/Project Planning Tools
#### Tools for Project Origination

Project origination: when someone has an idea and proposes a project that can help to achieve the objectives of a programme; more in ⇒ Project origination
Template for Project business case Template for List of all proposed solutions Checklist for approval of Project Business Case Template for Decision on allocating organizational resources for developing a project plan

#### Tools for Project Initiation

Project initiation stage: when the project idea is discussed with other stakeholders like partners, sponsors, beneficiaries, and decisions are taken with regard to the number, the nature and the quality of the project outputs. more in ⇒ Project initiation stage
Project Initiation Kick-off Meeting Agenda
Project Stakeholder Analysis Template
Scheme of the logical correspondence among identified problems, proposed solutions, expected outcomes and contractual outputs of a project
The Scope Statement Template
Guideline: How to write a scope statement
Project Snapshot
Checklist for the Internal approval of the project

#### Tools for Project Detailed planning

Detailed Planning or design stage comprises all the activities required in order to make sure that there is a consensus amongst all stakeholders about project activities and methodologies and there are adequate resources allocated to the project activities. More in ⇒ Detailed Planning
Template for Project stakeholder Roles and Responsibilities
Project Stakeholder Responsibility Matrix
Template: Project Management plan
Template: Risk Management Plan
Template: Project team training plan
Template: Project Communication Plan
Action plan
Project Resource Sheet
Human Resource Plan
Action Plan with Resource Usage
Communication Plan
Logical Framework
The project Plan Document Guideline: How to prepare a detailed project plan document

#### Evaluation of the Project Plan

Project Decision Process Checklist
Project Planning Process Report
Project Plan Evaluation Checklist
Worksheet for Project Auditing and Review
# English-Hanzi/Direction

Direction is the position that something faces toward.
方向 是 某事物 面向 的 位置。
# English-Hanzi/Disease

Special:search/disease prefix:English-Hanzi/
Disease is an illness. It affects the health of the living things.
疾病 是 一种 毛病。它 影响 生物 的 健康。
# English-Hanzi/Donut

Special:search/donut prefix:English-Hanzi/
Donut is a small deep fried dough. It is usually in ring or ball shapes. It is often filled with sugar, chocolate, jam, cream, and etc.
donut 是 小型 的 油炸 面团。它 通常 是 环形 或 球形。它 经常 充满 糖，巧克力，果酱，奶油 等。
# English-Hanzi/Dough

Special:search/dough prefix:English-Hanzi/
Dough is a mixture of flour, water, and etc. It is used to make breads and pastries.
面团 是 面粉，水 等 的 混合物。它 用于 制作 面包 和 糕饼。
# English-Hanzi/Ear

The ear is the part of the body which allows animals (including people) to hear. People and most mammals have ears. Non-mammals can also hear, but may have holes instead of external ears. The ear works by directing sound to the inner ear. These vibrations are sent to the brain by a network (organized group) of nerves. The whole system is called the auditory system.
耳朵 是 使 动物（包括人）能够 听到 的 身体 部位。人 和 大多数 哺乳动物 都 有 耳朵。非哺乳动物 也 可以 听到，但 可能 是 个 洞 而 不是 外耳。耳朵 通过 将 声音 引导 至 内耳 来 工作。这些 振动 通过 神经 网络（有组织 的 组织）发送 到 大脑。整个 系统 被 称为 听觉 系统。
# English-Hanzi/Digestion

Special:search/digestion prefix:English-Hanzi/
Digestion is the process that the body breaks down a food and absorbs the nutrients of the food.
消化是身体分解食物和吸收食物养分的过程。
# English-Hanzi/Dog

A dog is an animal that is usually used as a pet.
狗 是 通常 用作 宠物 的 动物。
# English-Hanzi/Drink

Special:search/drink prefix:English-Hanzi/
A drink is a food that is a liquid.
饮料 是 液体 食物。
# English-Hanzi/Dumpling

Special:search/dumpling prefix:English-Hanzi/
Dumpling is a type of food wrapped in a dumpling shape, such as a jiaozi, and ravioli.
团子是一种被包裹成团状的食物，如饺子，和ravioli（意大利饺子）。
# English-Hanzi/Duodenum

The duodenum is a short section of the small intestine that receives secretions from the pancreas and the liver via the pancreatic and common bile ducts. It is the place where most digestion occurs.
十二指肠 是 小肠 的 一小段，通过 胰腺 和 胆总管 接受 来自 胰腺 和 肝脏 的 分泌物。这 是 大部分 消化 发生 的 地方。
# Final Fantasy/Weapons/Scimitar

| Weapon Type | Sword |
| Bought At | Pravoka |
| Price | 200 G |
| Damage Bonus | 10 |
| Hit % Bonus | 10 |
The Scimitar is a curved weapon popular with those who travel by sea. Merchants often carry Scimitars to protect themselves from pirates, whose weapon of choice is the Scimitar as well. The curvature of the blade makes the Scimitar more accurate and slightly more damaging than a straight blade, such as a Rapier, once a warrior gains the skill to use the Scimitar properly.
The Scimitar may be used by:
* Fighter / Knight
* Thief / Ninja
* Red Mage / Red Wizard
# Final Fantasy/Weapons/Small Dagger

| Weapon Type | Dagger |
| Bought At | Coneria |
| Price | 5 G |
| Damage Bonus | 5 |
| Hit % Bonus | 10 |
The Small Dagger is a common weapon that requires very little skill in weaponry to use. However, it is the least powerful weapon. As a result, it is hardly ever wielded by any but the Black Mage, who is unable to use stronger armament. It is a two-edged blade that is primarily intended for stabbing rather than slashing, though it is able to cut in slashing motions as well.
The Small Dagger may be used by:
* Fighter / Knight
* Thief / Ninja
* Red Mage / Red Wizard
* Black Mage / Black Wizard
Final Fantasy Origins: Knife
# Final Fantasy/Weapons/Thor's Hammer

Thor's Hammer is the most powerful hammer in the game. It has the added effect of casting Lit2 if you use it as an item during combat.
# Final Fantasy/Weapons/Short Sword

| Weapon Type | Sword |
| Bought At | Pravoka |
| Price | 550 G |
| Damage Bonus | 15 |
| Hit % Bonus | 10 |
Short Swords are short but heavy blades. They are the smallest sword used for open warfare as opposed to city or ship protection. Short Swords are nearly always carried in conjunction with shields and fights are commonly determined by skill in finding an opening to stab rather than sheer strength. The point of the Short Sword is extremely sharp as opposed to most other swords, which are primarily slashing weapons.
The Short Sword may be used by:
* Fighter / Knight
* Ninja
* Red Mage / Red Wizard
Final Fantasy Origins: Broadsword
# Final Fantasy/Weapons/Silver Sword

| Weapon Type | Sword |
| Bought at | Elfland |
| Price | 4000 G |
| Damage Bonus | 23 |
| Hit % Bonus | 15 |
The Silver Sword is a powerful slashing weapon designed from mystical mythril silver by the elves of Elfland. The mythril material makes the Silver Sword extremely light, quick, and strong. It also gives the sword a distinctive silver gleam. It is the strongest sword sold by weaponsmiths to the general public.
The Silver Sword may be used by:
* Fighter / Knight
* Ninja
* Red Mage / Red Wizard
Final Fantasy Origins: Mythril Sword
# Final Fantasy/Weapons/Wooden Staff

| Weapon Type | Staff |
| Bought At | Coneria |
| Price | 5 G |
| Damage Bonus | 6 |
| Hit % Bonus | 0 |
Wooden Staves are extremely simple bludgeoning weapons that are often carried as symbols by apprentice mages. As weapons, they leave much to be desired. They are basically large sticks that are used to strike foes. These staves are about five feet long and four inches in diameter.
There are rumors of certain staves having magical powers, but if these potent weapons exist, they are certainly not held by the apprentices who make use of the wooden staff.
The Wooden Staff is a good starting weapon for the White Mage, though the Iron Hammer is decidedly better.
The Wooden Staff may be used by:
* Fighter / Knight
* Ninja
* Black Belt / Master
* Red Mage / Red Wizard
* White Mage / White Wizard
* Black Mage / Black Wizard
Final Fantasy Origins: Staff
# Final Fantasy/White Magic/AntiIce

| Color | White |
| Level | 4 |
| Location | Elfland |
| Price | 4000 G |
| Battle Use | Yes |
| Field Use | No |
AntiIce is a defensive White Magic spell that creates a magical barrier to protect the cast and his allies from Ice based attacks. It reduces the damage from such attacks by 50% for all those the caster wishes. It is a temporary spell that wears off after a battle is finished. It is very similar to the AntiLit and AntiFire spells. Knights do not have the magical aptitude required to cast this powerful spell.
AntiIce can be cast by:
* Red Mage / Red Wizard
* White Mage / White Wizard
Final Fantasy Origins: NulIce
# Final Fantasy/Weapons/Wooden Nunchaku

| Weapon Type | Nunchaku |
| Bought at | Coneria |
| Price | 10 G |
| Damage Bonus | 12 |
| Hit % Bonus | 0 |
The wooden nunchaku is the most powerful weapon available from the smiths in Coneria. It consists of two wooden rods connected by a short chain, wihth one rod being held and the other swung by means of the chain. Unfortunately, it is an extremely difficult weapon to wield and requires years of practice to master. Accordingly, very few are able to make use of the nunchaku in combat without severely damaging themselves. The Black Belts are often seen armed with nunchaku.
The wooden nunchaku may be used by:
* Ninja
* Black Belt / Master
Final Fantasy Origins: Nunchaku
# Final Fantasy/White Magic/AntiFire

| Color | White |
| Level | 3 |
| Location | Elfland |
| Price | 1500 G |
| Battle Use | Yes |
| Field Use | No |
AntiFire is a defensive White Magic spell that creates a magical barrier to protect the cast and his allies from Fire based attacks. It reduces the damage from such attacks by 50% for all those the caster wishes. It is a temporary spell that wears off after a battle is finished. It is very similar to the AntiLit and AntiIce spells.
AntiFire can be cast by:
* Knight
* Red Mage / Red Wizard
* White Mage / White Wizard
Final Fantasy Origins: NulFire
# Electronics/Electromagnetic Waves

< Electronics/Timeline
Originally people thought that radio waves propagate through the ether.
The ether was disproved by showing that it did not flow.
EM waves are photons that travel through free space.
# Electronics/Electronics Formulas
## Analog Electronics

* Electronics Components
* Series Circuits
* Parallel Circuits
* 2 Port Network
* Op Amp Configurations

## Digital Electronics

* Digital Gates
* Adder
* Subtractor
* Multiplexer
* Encoder
* Flip Flop
* Register
# Electronics/Electronics Formulas/Encoder

Configuration
Truth Table
    A$_1$A$_0$D$_3$D$_2$D$_1$2$_0$Decimal Number 0000000 0100011 1000102 1100113
# Electronics/Electronics Formulas/Flip Flop
## Mạch Điện NOR

    Q = NOT of R + Q_
    Q_ = NOT of S + Q
    RSQQ_ 0000 0101 1010 11XX
Mạch điện trên có khả năng đổi trạng thái Set hay Reset và giử trạng thái
    01 Set
    10 Reset
    00 Giử

## Mạch Điện NAND

    Q = NOT of R + Q_
    Q_ = NOT of S + Q
    RSQQ_ 00XX 0101 1010 1100
Mạch điện trên có khả năng đổi trạng thái Set hay Reset và giử trạng thái
    01 Set
    10 Reset
    11 Giử
# Electronics/Electronics Formulas/Parallel Circuits

* Parallel RL
* Parallel RL
* Parallel LC
* Parallel RLC
# Electronics/Electronics Formulas/2 Port Network
## RL

    ${\frac {v_{o}}{v_{i}}}={\frac {j\omega L}{R+j\omega L}}$
    ${\frac {v_{o}}{v_{i}}}={\frac {j\omega T}{1+j\omega T}}$
    $T={\frac {L}{R}}$

## LR

    ${\frac {v_{o}}{v_{i}}}={\frac {R}{R+j\omega L}}$
    ${\frac {v_{o}}{v_{i}}}={\frac {1}{1+j\omega T}}$
    $T={\frac {L}{R}}$

## RC

    ${\frac {v_{o}}{v_{i}}}={\frac {\frac {1}{j\omega C}}{R+{\frac {1}{j\omega C}}}}$
    ${\frac {v_{o}}{v_{i}}}={\frac {1}{1+j\omega T}}$
    $T=RC$

## CR

    ${\frac {v_{o}}{v_{i}}}={\frac {R}{R+{\frac {1}{j\omega C}}}}$
    ${\frac {v_{o}}{v_{i}}}={\frac {j\omega T}{1+j\omega T}}$
    $T=RC$

## LR - CR

    ${\frac {v_{o}}{v_{i}}}=({\frac {1}{1+j\omega {\frac {L}{R}}}})({\frac {j\omega RC}{1+j\omega RC}})$
    $\omega _{2}-\omega _{1}={\frac {R}{L}}-{\frac {1}{RC}}$

## CR - LR

    ${\frac {v_{o}}{v_{i}}}=({\frac {1}{1+j\omega RC}})({\frac {j\omega {\frac {L}{R}}}{1+j\omega {\frac {L}{R}}}})$
    $\omega _{2}-\omega _{1}={\frac {R}{L}}-{\frac {1}{RC}}$
# Electronics/Electronics Formulas/Adder
## Half Adder

    ABSC 0000 0110 1010 1101

## Full Adder

    A (1)B (1)C$_{in}$ (1)S (1)C$_{out}$ (2) 00000 00110 01010 01101 10010 10101 11001 11111

## Application

adding 2 4 bit binary numbers
# Electronics/Electronics Formulas/Digital Gates
## Basic Gates

    Cổng Cơ BảnCổng GhépBiểu TượngToánBảng Vận Hành Cổng TiếpY = is NOT NOT A Y = AA B 0 0 1 1 Cổng NOT Y = is NOT AA B 0 1 1 0 Cổng NAND Y = NOT A AND BA B C 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 Cổng NOR Y = NOT A OR BA B C 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 Cổng XNOR Y = NOT A NOR BA B C 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0

## Combinational Gates

    Cổng Cơ BảnCổng GhépBiểu TượngToánBảng Vận Hành Cổng TiếpY = is NOT NOT A Y = AA B 0 0 1 1 Cổng NOT Y = is NOT AA B 0 1 1 0 Cổng NAND Y = NOT A AND BA B C 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 Cổng NOR Y = NOT A OR BA B C 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 Cổng XNOR Y = NOT A NOR BA B C 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
# Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Bb5/3...f5/4. Nc3/4...fxe4/5. Nxe4/5...d5/6. Nxe5/6...dxe4/7. Nxc6/7...Qd5/8. c4/8...Qd6/9. Nxa7/9...Bd7/10. Bxd7/10...Qxd7/11. Qh5/11...g6/12. Qe5/12...Kf7/13. Nb5

| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
| 8 | | | | | | | | | 8 |
| 7 | | | | | | | | | 7 |
| 6 | | | | | | | | | 6 |
| 5 | | | | | | | | | 5 |
| 4 | | | | | | | | | 4 |
| 3 | | | | | | | | | 3 |
| 2 | | | | | | | | | 2 |
| 1 | | | | | | | | | 1 |
| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
Black's c7 and e4 pawns are threatened. 13...c6 saves one and, by kicking the knight, gains the necessary tempo to save the other.
Black still isn't worried about 14.Qxh8 which can be met by 14...Nf6 15.b3 Re8 16.Bb2 Bg7 or the quiet 16...Be7 ( 16...Bc5 is a well-known blunder because of 16.Qxf6+ Kg8 17.Qh8+ Kf7 18.Qg7+ Ke6 19.Qf6#) winning the queen for two rooks.
# Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Bb5/3...f5/4. Nc3/4...fxe4/5. Nxe4/5...d5/6. Nxe5/6...dxe4/7. Nxc6/7...Qd5/8. c4/8...Qd6/9. Nxa7/9...Bd7/10. Bxd7/10...Qxd7/11. Qh5/11...g6/12. Qe5

| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
| 8 | | | | | | | | | 8 |
| 7 | | | | | | | | | 7 |
| 6 | | | | | | | | | 6 |
| 5 | | | | | | | | | 5 |
| 4 | | | | | | | | | 4 |
| 3 | | | | | | | | | 3 |
| 2 | | | | | | | | | 2 |
| 1 | | | | | | | | | 1 |
| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
Black doesn't want the g8-knight to be hanging after a potential Qxh8, so 12...Kf7 is played to guard it. Black is planning to trap the queen in the corner with ...Nf6, so ...Ne7 would be a big mistake.
# Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Bb5/3...f5/4. Nc3/4...fxe4/5. Nxe4/5...d5/6. Nxe5/6...dxe4/7. Nxc6/7...Qd5/8. c4/8...Qd6/9. Nxa7/9...Bd7/10. Bxd7/10...Qxd7/11. Qh5/11...g6/12. Qe5/12...Kf7

| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
| 8 | | | | | | | | | 8 |
| 7 | | | | | | | | | 7 |
| 6 | | | | | | | | | 6 |
| 5 | | | | | | | | | 5 |
| 4 | | | | | | | | | 4 |
| 3 | | | | | | | | | 3 |
| 2 | | | | | | | | | 2 |
| 1 | | | | | | | | | 1 |
| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
White does not take the rook!

## The reason White does not take the rook

Because the queen gets trapped in the corner after 13.Qxh8 Nf6, after which Black can leisurely play ...Rd8, move the bishop, and force White to trade queen for rook. That wouldn't be a disaster for White, who would have two rooks and two pawns for the queen, in fact it's quite possibly a winning advantage still. But White's rooks would be stuck in the corners, and the Black queen would be running around in the middle of the board, and accidents can happen.

## The move White plays instead

Is the simple 13. Nb5, saving the knight and hitting c7.
# Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Bb5/3...f5/4. Nc3/4...fxe4/5. Nxe4/5...d5/6. Nxe5/6...dxe4/7. Nxc6/7...Qd5/8. c4/8...Qd6/9. Nxa7/9...Bd7/10. Qh5

| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
| 8 | | | | | | | | | 8 |
| 7 | | | | | | | | | 7 |
| 6 | | | | | | | | | 6 |
| 5 | | | | | | | | | 5 |
| 4 | | | | | | | | | 4 |
| 3 | | | | | | | | | 3 |
| 2 | | | | | | | | | 2 |
| 1 | | | | | | | | | 1 |
| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
Black doesn't have an obvious way of escaping the check. 10...Qg6 would allow White with her next two moves Qxg6 and Bxd7 to a) ruin Black's pawns, b) swap off material when ahead and c) prevent Black castling. Fleeing to either d8 or e7 with the king followed by 11.Bxd7 Kxd7 12.Qb5+ would ship yet another pawn, as would 10...Ke7 11.Bxd7 Qxd7 12.Qe5+. The computer recommends 10...Kd8 11.Bxd7 Qxd7 as the least bad option, although White could then swing the queen over to a5 threatening Nc6+ and so forcing the king straight back to e8, while potentially saving a tempo by not having to move the knight immediately.
So the modern, active way of defending this position as Black is with 10...g6 followed by 11.Bxd7+ Qxd7!? It doesn't sacrifice a whole rook, "only" an exchange, because White hasn't got time to capture on h8 and also save the knight.