OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Skill Level 3 Vocational

* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Masonry
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Bookbinding
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Communications - Advanced
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Paperhanging
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Shorthand
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/House Painting, Exterior
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Accounting
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Shoe Repair
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/House Painting, Interior
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Barbering
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Plumbing
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Internet - Advanced
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Welding
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Automobile Mechanics - Advanced
* Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Vocational/Forestry - Advanced
# Bad Science/Interpretation
## Bad science... lost in interpretation!
### Scary medical statistics

Numbers are everywhere: lottery tickets, prices in the sales, channels on your telly….everywhere! But when numbers get muddled, we all get confused…especially when it happens in the media!
Fractions, percentages, ratios and a simple "not knowing what to do with the data" can lead to worrying conclusions, and the scariest of medical scares!
It’s easy to get scared if you don’t know the full story.
Being scientifically literate i.e. understanding the basic principles in science, allows you to judge whether the scientific data have been interpreted correctly and whether all you hear about in the media is true. What do you mean Brad and Jen aren’t together anymore?
The following are a selection of resources for teachers and students.

### Whiteboard

* Ben's Article: Risky Business
* Ben's Article: After Feeding
* Ben's Article: A Wee Dram
* Interactive Odds: Probability Game

### Activities

* Teacher's Notes
* Data Sheet
* Student's Worksheets
* Background Notes

## Further reading

There’s plenty out there on the internet about probabilities, statistics and medical health scare stories, but here are a few links we thought would be useful too:
* The Mathematics of Chance with Dr Simon Singh.
* The Mathagony Aunt
* Health research probabilities
The story of Sally Clark and cot deaths
# Backpack Camping and Woodland Survival/Skills/Hunting and gathering/Traps and Snares

A 'trap' is a device or tactic intended to capture, detect, or inconvenience an animal or game. Traps may be physical objects, such as cages or snares.
This is a gallery of traps.
# Bad Science
## Contents
### Front Matter

* Introduction
* Authors and Contributors
* Got the Bad Science bug?

### Activities

* Let’s Get Detoxed – Scientific Claims in Advertising
* The Placebo Effect – Do you believe your teacher?
* Lost in interpretation – Scary Medical Statistics
# Bad Science/Detox/Background
## Scientific Claims in Advertising: Let's Get Detoxed!
### Background Notes
#### What is real detox?

Excretion is the process by which our bodies chemically separate waste products and eliminate them!
Your body is naturally detoxing all the time.
Your excretory system is what removes harmful substances from your body, allowing it to survive.
When harmful substances are converted into less harmful ones, this process is called detoxification.
The main organs of excretion are the:
* Lungs
* Kidneys
* Skin
* Intestine

#### So what’s a “toxin”?

“Toxin” really refers to the waste products of metabolism, and these shouldn’t build up in our bodies. An example of a waste product is urea, which we get rid of in our urine and sweat. Waste gases, such as carbon dioxide, are eliminated when we breathe out.

#### Natural Born Cleaners: Kidney Facts

Kidneys (which look just like kidney beans, funnily enough) clean the blood. Blood is pumped from the heart through the renal artery to each kidney, and any waste matter and excess water is filtered off. This liquid waste is urine, which as we all know, leaves your body when you go to the toilet.
Filtered blood flows through the renal vein back to the heart. Severe kidney disease requires a treatment known as dialysis. The patient’s blood is pumped through a dialysis machine, which does the work of the kidneys: filters the waste from the blood, and returns the clean blood.

#### Did you know?

Your kidneys are the size of a clenched fist, yet they receive about 20% of the blood pumped by the heart. Dialysis patients spend nearly 60 hours a week attached to a dialysis machine. More than 300,000 people in the U.S. suffer from renal failure each year and are waiting for a kidney transplant. Healthy people can survive perfectly well with one kidney, and so can donate one to someone with kidney disease as long as their tissues match.
But did you know, if you need a kidney transplant, your non-functional one would not be swapped for the donor one, instead it’s added somewhere else in your abdomen.
The earliest successful kidney transplant in a human was performed by RH Lawler (USA) at Little Company of Mary Hospital, Chicago, Illinois USA on 17 June 1950.
A specialised excretory organ is your liver:
Its major excretory function is to break down old red blood cells (ones that have reached their normal life span, a mere 100 days in humans. Parts of the haemoglobin molecule are transformed by the liver to compounds known as bile pigments. These are excreted in the bile (important in the digestive process), discharged into the intestine and finally out of the body with the faeces!
# Bad Science/Detox
## Bad science... let's get detoxed!
### Scientific claims in advertising

In this day and age, everyone's after a quick fix to make them feel good.
Forget diets, sweaty gym shorts, or a milkshake for breakfast, lunch and dinner…let's start detoxing ourselves.
OK, so here’s the deal: Let's stick our feet in some water, stick an electric current through it, and no, we don't get fried, instead we’ll find we've removed toxins from the trillions of pores in our feet. All this icky brown stuff spews out. And we’re shiny clean on the inside? Good Science? Nah…Bad Science!
Aqua Detox claims to be an amazing treatment that removes toxins from the pores in your feet. Dialysis for the feet? Surely this is a major breakthrough then? Hmm….we need a course of five to ten sessions, at 30 minutes a session, and how much hard-earned cash should we part with, exactly?

### What the students had to say about this activity:

* "I liked working on real-life examples."
* "I enjoyed testing the advertising claims."
* "I liked the real examples rather than things which seem to come from nowhere."
* "When we put the nails in the salty water and it started to bubble and go brown. But when we didn’t put any salt in nothing happened so it’s just the salt."
* "The aqua detox thing is a con and they are trying to grab your money."

### Documents

The following are a selection of PDF documents for teachers and students. Feel free to type 'Aqua Detox' into an internet search engine and see what you find. whiteboard
* Ben's Article: Rusty Results
* Starter Activity: What is Real Detox?
* Aqua Detox Meets The Public

### Activities

* Teacher's Notes
* Student's Worksheets
* Background Notes

### Further links

How about a hair shampoo advert claiming to make hair 10% stronger! See UPD8 resources on Interpreting and Evaluating Evidence.
What does the Advertising Standards Authority do? Do they keep an eye on whether science is misrepresented in the media? There are rules concerning the promotion of many health-related products in the media. For instance a claim that a brand of toothpaste helps reduce decay must be backed up by clinical evidence if it is to be used in an advertisement.
# Bad Science/Detox/Worksheet
## Scientific Claims in Advertising: Let’s Get Detoxed!
### Student Worksheet

Write down what you think DETOX means:
What is happening in the Aqua Detox process? Would you have it done?
Pour some distilled water into a beaker/bowl. Put the doll’s feet into this newly created footspa, and place the electrodes in. Connect the electrodes and switch on the power supply. Wait for a few minutes. What happens?
Now pour some salt into the water, stir to dissolve and repeat the experiment. What happens now?
From the results of your experiment, decide what you think is going on in the Aqua Detox equipment. What is the most likely source of the colouration in the water? Does your conclusion support Aqua Detox’s claims or Ben Goldacre’s article?
What further experiments would you carry out to confirm your conclusion?
What do you think about this treatment? What do you think about this kind of advertising?
# Budget Watch Collecting/Repainting/reluming hands

A fairly easy way to drastically improve the look of some watches is to replace worn or missing lume from the hands. This works with slotted hands
Required tools:
Toothpicks
Paint or lume compound
Something to hold a toothpick (blob of clay, Rodico or a hole)
You may want to remove the old paint, especially if you are using lume paint rather than plain. If the watch is very old, make sure it does not contain radium, a poisonous radioactive material. If the dial says ra anywhere, if the paint looks brown, or if the crystal has shadows of the hands it probably contains radium. Radium is relatively safe if contained inside the watch case, but dangerous if breathed or swallowed.
Place the hands upside down on the toothpick, hour hand first.
In this case, I did not clean the old paint off, since it was mostly intact.
Mix the paint as required for the appropriate color and texture. It should be reasonably thick, but still liquid rather than paste. I used several colors of acrylic here, trying to duplicate the original as closely as possible.
With the clean end of a toothpick, pick up a small amount of paint. Drag the paint across the back of the hand in the slot area. This should leave a film of paint, and the front side should look clean and even.
Let dry
Back after finishing:
Before and after (different watch, done with the same technique)
# Budget Watch Collecting/Selling a Watch on the Internet

In all forums, it is vitally important to have good clear pictures. See Budget Watch Collecting/Watch Photography for help with this. Ebay charges extra for extra pictures, and many watch forums have limited picture space. In those cases, it is often easier to use a free hosting service like [Photobucket] and post links. Mechanical watches should usually show the movement if possible. If the watch is running, show pictures with the second hand in different positions. If a watch is not running, check the balance--If there is no play, report that.
With inexpensive watches, you need to balance your time with the extra bids better pictures will generate. I place my watches on a stand, take them to the wall of my porch outside, and take a fairly standard series of photos--Full face, then I rotate the watch to 5 or 6 positions showing all sides and back. I'll then take a picture of the back, and a movement picture for mechanicals. I'll try to get two pictures of any flaws--One with lighting adjusted to make the flaw stand out, another "actual view" with the flaw how it really looks in normal lighting. If the watch glows strongly in the dark, I try to get a picture of that.
Don't's: Make sure a calendar watch isn't photographed in the middle of a date change--Fairly common, that is where the watch is most likely to stop on its own, but it makes it look like the calendar is misaligned. Chronographs should be photographed both reset and with the chrono running. LED's should be photographed without flash, with the digits lit.
Outlets:
So far, my selling has been done on Ebay. I almost always start with a starting bid a small fraction of the expected price, no reserve and take my chances. Sometimes I'll set a "buy it now" of about 20% more than I expect the watch to sell for. Occasionally I'll get a buy-it-now, often I'll get a low starting bid but a final price higher than the buy-now price.
Many watch forums have associated trade forums. Rules vary, and in general expectations are higher, with no "don't know what I'm doing" excuses.
# Budget Watch Collecting/Seiko serial numbers

Most Seikos have a relatively simple code--The first letter of the serial number is the last digit of the year, the second is the month, using N for November, D for December. If the production dates of the movement are known, and they were made for less than 10 years this works well. Some movements that were made for a long time are more difficult--The 7009 for instance was made longer than 10 years, so the exact date can be difficult. One clue can be the number of digits--From about 1960 to 1967, Seiko used 7 digit serial numbers. In 1967 and 68, they used both 7 and 6 digit numbers, and from 1969 on, used exclusively 6 digit numbers.
# Budget Watch Collecting/Selecting a watch

1. Dial condition--It is very difficult to improve the appearance of most watch dials. They are designed to be protected, and anything strong enough to remove dirt is also likely to remove markings or coatings. Sometimes spot cleaning with a toothpick can reduce some marks, but it is just as likely to make things worse. Watch dials can be "redialed"--This is basically repainted. Quality can range from very good (although rarely as good as the original) to very obviously re-painted. Prices begin at $20 or so, not counting removing the dial and shipping.
2. Case condition. If a watch is gold-tone, check edges, lugs and high spots for missing plating. If the gold has worn off, polishing will make it look good temporarily, but the brass underneath will soon tarnish--The transition from gold to brass can bee seen with a loupe.
3. Movement condition. Mechanical watches should wind and set smoothly. There should be slight resistance when setting--If there is too little resistance, make sure the minute hand moves under its own power, and if it is a calendar (or jump-hour) manually turn the watch to where the calendar starts to move, then make sure the minute hand continues to move while advancing the calendar. The movement should be clean inside, and the balance should be turning evenly and at least half a turn.
4. Crown. Fairly easy to replace, but make sure you know how much your watchmaker charges first. Manual wind watches with worn smooth crowns are especially irritating.
5. Crystal--This may be important, or may be a minor problem. If the crystal is plastic and not cracked or discolored, most scratches can be polished very easily. Domed round plastic crystals and flat glass crystals usually have generic replacement crystals readily available. Fancy crystals can be difficult to find a match for.
A general note - don't feel rushed to buy the first watch that comes along. In general, if you find one specific watch online that meets your criteria, then you will find more than one. Shop around, and get a feel for price and the range of condition that your chosen model can be found in. A common mistake is to buy an inferior watch, and then loose money on it later when you try to sell it to fund the purchase of one in better condition that comes along.
# Budget Watch Collecting/Quicky lube

Disclaimer: While this method is reasonably likely to get a mechanical watch running again, it is also likely to cause greatly increased wear if the watch is run much afterwards. I recommend this in limited circumstances only. One is to sort watches--If you can get a watch running with this, a standard clean/lube/regulate will very likely put the watch in good condition. The other situation is when a watch would be interesting, but even in good running condition would not be worth the cost of a servicing.
With that in mind--Many watches can be resurrected by oiling the critical friction surfaces that are accessible without disassembly. If you can get an oiler to the escape wheel, a drop of oil on each of about 3 teeth will be the most likely to revive the watch. Be extremely careful--you will be working in the area of the most fragile parts of the watch. Additionally, oil to each of the visible pivot jewels can help.
# Budget Watch Collecting/Removing the dial

First remove at least the seconds and minute hands, the hour hand if desired.
Timex dials are usually held with tabs that bend over the movement plate. Lift the tabs as little as possible.
Some inexpensive pinlevers have tiny screws on the edge of the face.
Most good watches will have two dial feet or posts with some sort of screw to retain them.
A common method on Swiss watches is a cam screw--this will have a very tall head, and a sharp ridge between the threads and the head. There is a flat removed from the ridge. These will be screwed in until almost snug, with the flat lined up with the dial hole. The dial is installed, then these screws are backed out--The ridge will bite into the dial foot, and backing the screw out will tighten the dial. To remove, turn clockwise until the flat aligns with the post.
The screws may be simple setscrews around the edge--Sometimes straight in towards the center, sometimes at an angle.
A third, commonly found on Japanese watches is a cam near the edge. This will be pried away from the foot. (Picture will come later)
# Budget Watch Collecting/Removing hands

The proper way of removing hands is to use a hand remover. These have jaws that fit under the hands, with a slot to go around the posts. Most will pry against the dial.
For most hand removers, it is best to put something between the hands and the dial--A slotted piece of watch tissue is best, but other similar materials will work. (Watch tissue is pre-cut squares of thin paper, similar to wrapping tissue. Smooth and not very absorbent, unlike facial tissue)
If you are using makeshift tools, make sure you lift on both sides evenly, rather than trying to pry one side until the hand comes off. This is especially important on seconds hands, their pinion is fairly fragile, and the hands frequently have a tube. You can either pry alternately on each side, or better pry on both sides at once with two tools.
Especially with makeshift tools, it is likely that the hand will jump across the room when removed. You may want to work inside a plastic bag, or place a blob of watch cleaning putty on the tip of the hand.
On most (but not all) watches, it is not necessary to remove the hour hand, its wheel will just lift off the dial. Most Timex mechanicals only require removal of the seconds hand, the minute and hour hands can stay with the dial.
It can be helpful to set the hands to 12:00 before removing them, especially on calendar watches.
To align the hands on a calendar watch, set the time with no hands until the calendar is advanced to where it should be at midnight, then replace the hands.
There are special tools to replace hands, but a pair of tweezers held open just enough to clear the post the hand fits on (for hour and minute hands) works well. Make sure the hands are parallel with the dial, and that all hands can travel around without touching the dial, dial markers, other hands or the crystal.
# C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/abort
## abort

| Syntax | #include <cstdlib> void abort( void ); |
The function abort terminates the current program. Depending on the implementation, the return from the function can indicate a canceled (e.g. you used the signal function to catch SIGABRT) or failed abort.
SIGABRT is sent by the process to itself when it calls the abort libc function, defined in cstdlib. The SIGABRT signal can be caught, but it cannot be blocked; if the signal handler returns then all open streams are closed and flushed and the program terminates (dumping core if appropriate). This means that the abort call never returns. Because of this characteristic, it is often used to signal fatal conditions in support libraries, situations where the current operation cannot be completed but the main program can perform cleanup before exiting. It is also used if an assertion fails.

### Related topics

    assert - atexit - exit
# C++ Programming/Code/Standard C Library/Functions/abs
## abs

| Syntax | #include <cstdlib> int abs( int num ); |
The abs function returns the absolute value of num. For example:

### Related topics

    fabs - labs
# AppleScript Programming/Shell Programming

AppleScript can interact with UNIX shell scripts in a couple of ways. AppleScript can call UNIX shell scripts and utilities using the "do shell script" command. UNIX shell scripts can call the "osascript" utility to execute AppleScript code.

## AppleScript command "do shell script"

To run shell commands from Applescript:
The user would hear a sound.

## Shell command "osascript"

The osascript utility allows shell scripts to execute Applescript code in three different ways.
* Line by line from within a shell script using the osascript -e
* Specify a plain text file or compiled script file using osascript filename.
* Through the standard input.
For example, the following command in a shell script or at a prompt, will open a Mac OS X dialog box and wait for the user to respond:
The user would see:
# AppleScript Programming/System Events

One of the many things that can be used with Applescript, is System Events. To use the System Event application, you must first give it a "tell" command.
This will tell applescript to execute commands associated with the program System Events. For example, the command:
Will type the letter "e" into the current application.
Here's a simple program:
It will open the application TextEdit, start a new document, and type the phrase "Support Wikibooks!"
You can also use keystroke tab (note that there are no quotes) to type a tab, and keystroke return to enter a new line.
Which will create a new document with Support Wikibooks! and by donating, on another line.
Now you may be wondering, How do I perform key combinations like command+q (Works with other modifier keys, like option, and control)
Key combos is a three line code consisting of
You can also hold down many keys at a time using the augment of key down and key up but separating keys using commas
Here is a program that will open text edit and then quit it using command+q:
You can also use one line commands for keystrokes, such as:
Which will invoke Copy in most Mac applications.
It is possible to use combokeys in oneline like this:
# AppleScript Programming/Standard Additions

Standard Additions is a hidden application used exclusively in AppleScript. It contains all of the miscellaneous commands necessary for scripting, but are not attached to any other application.