OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rebol Programming/Debugging techniques
## Debugging techniques

There are various debugging tools available in Rebol.

### Probe

Probe is a highly useful tool. What it does, is read the return values of functions and output them on the console. The return value is passed through probe, so you can insert it anywhere in your program.
The value is both printed and returned as a value, because probe lets the return value pass through itself, as opposed to print, which doesn't return a useful value.
A more useful example:
NOTE: Be careful with probing large objects as they can take a very long time to print on the console. Large amounts of output can be stopped by pressing Escape.

### Trace

Trace can help you to see function calls or TCP/IP network statistics on the console.
Trace/func returns a large amount of feedback, so it's wise only to activate it around the code you need to examine.

### Protect-system

it is easy in Rebol to accidentally redefine a system word, as all words can be redefined. This code will cause strange things to happen a long way away from the original error:
That stray ":" on the return redefines return rather than returning the expected result. Any later code that uses return may misbehave.
An answer may be to protect all existing words from change:

### Print

Adding print statements is a time-honored way of debugging code. Rebol has a neat way of letting you leave the statements in unactivated until needed
The trick is to define another word as a synonym of print, eg:
And use that to add debugging print statements:
In production code, or when you want to turn the debugging statements off, simply add:
Rebol provides specific functions to help with debugging. The function ?? prints a variable name followed by its molded value. Unlike the print function, it also returns the value it receives.
Once you have finished debugging, you can either remove all the ?? from the source, or just redefine ?? so that it just passes the value as though it were no longer present.

### Adding a debugging option to GUI programs

While a VID program is running, you can't use the console to type print or ?? or any other debugging functions. One way round that is to add a console input field to your VID program, and execute whatever is typed into that:
Try typing help view into the field labeled console.

### Quickly restarting a GUI program

You can shave off a tiny bit of debugging time, by adding a simple button to your program that quits the program and starts it again.

### Stopping and continuing programs

Stopping a program to the console can be done with Escape key.
Continuing GUI programs can be done with do-events command.
# The Many Faces of TPACK

'The Many Faces of TPACK: Perspectives and Approaches" is a Wikibook created as part of the Research and Practice on Technology in Teacher Education Course (EDS 536) taught at Middle East Technical University in Spring 2013. This collaborative work between the course instructor/editor and the students/authors intends to present the approaches and perspectives on the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework which provided a theoretical foundation to the course activities and experiences. All the content in this book as well as the format such as the cover, title, and the table of contents were created by the course participants. Special thanks goes to Hatice Çilsalar and Mustafa Şat who contributed to the design of the wikibook pages and the cover.
If you have questions about contribution or the content contained in this Wikibook, please send an email to Evrim Baran (ebaran (at) metu.edu.tr).
To reference this resource use: Baran, E. (2013) (Ed.). The Many Faces of TPACK: Perspectives and Approaches. Wikibook/textbook, available at: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/The_Many_Faces_of_TPACK

## Contents

* Preface (Baran)
** Contributors' Biographies
* Exploring TPACK within Disciplines
** Science Teacher Education (Cetinkaya)
** English Language Teacher Education (Celik )
** Math Teacher Education (Kol)
** Special Education Teacher Education (Altan)
** Primary Teacher Education (Cilsalar)
** Computer Education Teacher Education (Bahcekapili)
* Measuring TPACK
** TPACK Measures (Ilci)
** TPACK Survey (Sat)
* Investigating Turkey's Technology Initiatives with TPACK (Kayaduman)
* Teacher Education Simultaneous Renewal with TPACK (Yasan)
# The Mojavi 3 Book
## Introduction

* What Is Mojavi?
* Mojavi Features
* Benefits Of Using Mojavi

## Getting Started

* Requirements
* Downloading Mojavi
* Installation
* Configuration
* Crash Course
* Creating Your First Module
* Migrating From Mojavi 2

## Mojavi Architecture

* Core Components
** Controller
** Context
** Request
** User
* Directory Layout
* Naming Conventions
* Modules
** Actions
** Models
** Templates
** Views
* Configuration Files
* Diagrams
** Application Flow
** Filter Flow
** Security
** Validation

## Beginning Mojavi 3

* Manipulating The Request
** Files
** Parameters
* Interprocess Communication
* Session Handling
* Database Interaction
* User Security
** Securing Your Actions
** What Is A Credential
* Filters
** Pre-Execution
** Post-Execution
* Validators
** Parameter Validation
* Logging

## Advanced Mojavi 3

* Integrating External Scripts
* Mojavi Exceptions
* Configuration Cache System
* Action Chains

## Custom Components

* Registering
* Creating
** Actions
** Controllers
** Filters
** Loggers
** Requests
** Storages
** Users
** Views
** Validators

## Guides

* Separation of Logic
* Truly Modular Development

## Tutorials

* Installing Mojavi 3
* Creating Your First Module
* Migrating From Mojavi 2.0
* Multi-Page Forms HOW-TO
* Global Templating - The Decorator Pattern
* Decorator Profiling
* Users And Security
# The Mojavi 3 Book/Downloading Mojavi
### Downloading Mojavi

You can get the Mojavi code by downloading the package at . Mojavi 3 works only with PHP 5, both in Linux or Windows. Also it is a good idea to download the API documentation.
After downloading the package, download it to some location. The package consists of
# The Mojavi 3 Book/Core Components/User

The User is an object to represent a visitor in a website using the Mojavi system. Each unqiue visit to the website is represented by a separate instance of the User class and that object is persistant for the life of that visitor's session. This is a great advantange in the Mojavi system in that you can maintain information pertaining to that session in an organized and logical way.
The User object is special in that is uses a Storage object to obtain data persistence. Because of this, you can store data specific to that visitor. You can do this by making a call to the User method setAttribute and store the data there. This could be information about the user, such as their name, address or occupation. Or it would be information specific to that session, such as storing data from a multipage form. At any point during that visitor's session you can retrieve that same data by calling getAttribute.
The User can also be used to set up security for the website. Using a SecurityUser class, you can check the credentials of a visitor to see if they have permissions to be in restricted sections of the website.
In the User class you also have parameters that you can set to initialize custom implementations of the User class.
# The Maryland Entrepreneur's Guide/Springboard Enterprises
## Springboard Enterprises

Springboard Enterprises is an organization designed to foster women business entrepreneurs by supporting emerging companies led by women. It describes itself as a "go-to organization" to obtain information and support for women-led emerging companies. This support is intended to accelerate access to equity markets for women-led companies by offering workshops and seminars, membership programs, education, coaching, connections with investors, forums, and a web-based learning center.

### Programs

* Venture Forums are designed to feature women-led emerging businesses in front of venture capitalists.
* Educational programs are offered to provide information regarding the equity markets and building a new company.
* The Learning Center is an online site designed to provide women entrepreneurs with a "virtual boot camp" regarding the equity raising process. The site contains resources designed to help women better understand the process of obtaining financing for emerging companies. The site contains tutorials on fundamentals of the equity market, creating a pitch, preparing a business plan, and other tools, resources and videos.
* Springboard Enterprises: Fosters women business entrepreneurs.
# The Mojavi 3 Book/Installation

Mojavi Installation Steps. 1. download mojavi files. 2. extract those files in directory(i extracted all files to d:\\web\mojavi). 3. open the dir you extract files in you will see Folders (i).svg (ii) lib (iii) opt and (iv)webapp Files (i) index.php (ii) mojavi-all-classes.php
the actual installation starts now. 1. go to webapp folder 2. find and open config.php 3. set BASE_DIR to d:/web/mojavi/ 4. set MOJAVI_FILES to $BASE_DIR . 'mojavi-all-classes.php' 5. set OPT_DIR as $BASE_DIR . 'opt/' 6 and set LOG_DIR to your log dir as above. 7. know comment 'die' statement in your (mojavi folder in my case) index.php
important: you will still encounter a problem because the application has not been developed.
# The Computer Revolution/Blogs

A blog is a web page that contains short, frequently updated entries in chronological order, typically as a means of expression or communication. A blog is essentially an online journal that can be seen by the public and is usually run by one individual. Blogs are written and updated by a variety of people, and can be used to post personal commentary, research updates, comments on current events, political opinions or celebrity gossip, such as perezhilton.com or livejournal.com. There are often forms of software that is downloadable and helps you develop and customize your blog to the layout that will suit your needs!

## Footnotes

* ↑ Understanding Computers
# The Computer Revolution/Business
## Business Topics

* Advances
* Business Continuity
* Drawbacks
* Retail
* Corporate
* Future
# The Computer Revolution/Business/Business Continuity
## Disaster Recovery / Business Continunity

Disaster Recovery / Business Continunity
From a SOHO (small office/home office) to the largest corporations, a business continuity plan is just as important as having the proper infrastructure and applications in place for a business’s customers.
Once a business starts to lose contact with it customers, the loss to a business is incomprehensible, that is why a good business continuity plan is important. Here are some of the basic inquiries that are needed in creating a recovery plan.
* Calculate the cost of down time
Each company will have different critical areas that need additional financing for recovery.
* Develope a Disaster Recovery plan
This is the set in stone instructions from who can declare a disaster to the business group mobilized during a test or actual disaster to perform the business continuity plan. This should include procedures where the company will restore their data from, to the infrastructure (Network/Servers), and applications needed.
* Test the business continuity plans several times a year
This speaks for itself, testing allows the company to streamline their recovery procedures and discover missing components such as servers, network requirments or applications that need to be added into the business continuity plan. 1 http://www.stratus.com/~/media/Stratus/Files/Library/AnalystReports/AberdeenDatacenterDowntimeCost.pdf
# The Computer Revolution/Artificial Intelligence/Weak VS Strong AI
## Weak Artificial Intelligence

Weak AI gives computers elements of human cognition--the ability to think like a human. A good example of Weak AI is computer software which uses an approach known as "brute force" to calculate probabilities. The case of chess master Garry Kasparov vs IBM's Deep Blue program is a good illustration. Although Kasparov had the advantage of human intuition, Deep Blue had the ability to calculate 200 million probabilities per second. In the end Kasparov was overcome by Deep Blue's super-efficient ability to calculate those probabilities. Another example of Weak AI is spell-checking software, which--like Deep Blue--uses probabilities to make determinations. When a writer spells a word incorrectly, the software does not check the spelling like a grade school teacher does, but compares the incorrectly spelled word against a dictionary of correctly spelled terms with similar characters. It then determines which word was probably intended by the author using a set of programmed heuristics. The efficiency of Weak AI is determined by the speed at which such comparisons can be made and the depth of the database which it draws upon.

## Strong Artificial Intelligence

Strong AI claims that a computer can be given the ability to think on a level with humans, possibly becoming "aware" of itself at some point. Strong AI is still in its infancy and has yet to develop to a credible level among scholars. At Stanford University, professor Douglas Lenat and a team of programmers, linguists, theologians, mathematicians, and philosophers have recorded 1.4 million basic truths and generalities into a database in an attempt to give a computer the intelligence of a 12-year-old. They have also given the computer the ability to ask questions and form assumptions. Strong AI uses two approaches. Cyc which loads the database with facts and rules and Co.

## Conclusion

The efforts of Douglas Lent and other teams of scholars who have attempted to impart a database with the distinctly human quality of intuition are admirable. However, the author does not see how this approach differs from Weak AI. Although the type of information differs, both methods require the building of databases and, at the core, use probabilities or high-speed comparisons to draw conclusions. Computers, though capable of performing tasks far beyond the ability of humans, are not (at this point) able to mimic human intuition, because intuition is a unique and individual possession of each person. It cannot be created or quantified by facts, figures, basic truths or generalities. It is not downloadable, regardless of the size of the data base.
# The Computer Revolution/Business/Advances
## The Computer Revolution as a Business Tool

Computers are an indispensable tool for doing business. This is the plain truth that all businesses large or small must understand. When I was a kid, on allowance day, I'd cycle over to Mr. Lee's candy store and buy 25 cents of mixed candy. Mr. Lee knowing how much I preferred the sugar coated strawberries to those mini-tootsie rolls would fill the order (a little brown bag) top heavy with those delicious strawberries, a smattering of other sweets, and at the most one or two tootsie rolls. Unlike the competition up the street at the Blue Jeans candy store where no matter how you protested the order was always filled with goodies in equal amounts, Mr. Lee understood the business principle of customization. In fact, I'm sure that if Mr. Lee were doing business today, he would be keeping track of his customer's buying habits with a computer like so many successful businesses are doing.
Consider this: When you shop at retailers like Superstore, Home Depot, Staples and so on, virtually all of the products on the shelf are there in an attempt to fit the shopper’s tastes. How do these retailers know the shopping habits of thousands people? Simple, they are tracking and recording purchases at the check out counter with a computer. More sophisticated software programs will record demographics like age, address, sex, occupation, and how much money you spend.
But computers don't just help record customer purchases. They are critical in managing inventories of literally thousands of products. This aids retailers in deciding how much and when to replenish there stocks; what is selling like hotcakes and what isn’t moving.
Perhaps most important of all, computers can track the flow of money. Accounting applications like Excel and Quicken allow retailers to keep record of debits and credits, profits and losses, charitable donations, and theft. They are useful for keeping the all important tax records too. Computers streamline business and keep costs down while enabling faster and more efficient service.
# The Computer Revolution/Business/Corporate

An introduction on how computers have had affects on the corporate side of business ranging from new sectors introduced into corporate business which have grown into industrial giants.

## Net Teller

* History
* Services & Expansion
* Success
* Quick Facts
* Sources
History
Neteller originated in 1999, the purpose of this business was to take advantage of the internet
and create a business which could provide the general public a way of transferring funds from
the customers accounts to an online merchant. The role Neteller would play in this process was
to offer a convenient way of money transfer along with the safety and security which a company
could offer.
Services & Expansion
Initially just offering services for online money transfers, Neteller soon stemmed out with a
new program called InstaCASH allowing bank account transfers and distributing Neteller cards
for customer convenience. Neteller soon realized that the services which they provided were in
demand around the world. In taking another step forward Neteller decided to expand its company’s
limits and offer their services globally. Thus expanding Neteller’s cliental and making it a top
competitor in the online transfer corporation. With the expansion of the business, Neteller soon
opened new regional offices to maintain customer security and satisfaction which are key principles
the corporation operates on. The regional offices are based in Calgary, Canada, London, England, Hong Kong, China and San
Jose, Costa with its corporate head quarters based in Douglas, Isle of Man.
Success
Neteller has succeeded as a business platform , due to the blend of an unconventional idea and the use of technology.
Resulting in a company which has dominated its market and established a global name for itself. Well providing secure
and friendly service to millions of customers and merchants. With on going advances in technology and a constant demand
to progress quicker, Neteller will continue to strive forward with assistance of technology.
Quick Facts
As stated by Neteller " User base of more than 3 million customers","More than 3,500
online merchants accept payments through Neteller system","Over 7.3 billion in transactions
processed in 2005", " Company employs over 800 people ".
Sources
Neteller.(2006).Sept 15,2006,from http://www.neteller.com/home/index.jsf
# The Computer Revolution/Backing up Data

Backing Up Your Computer
The data stored on the computer is probably the most important item in terms of overall computer security. Many systems (especially home users) have not adequately planned for the catastrophic loss of data that would occur with a hard drive failure, fire, theft, etc. Data should be secured by using password protection, and an encryption scheme. Data should be recoverable using some means of backup protection. Sensitive and/or confidential data needs this type of protection. Data backup entails making copies of important files and folders. Routine backups are not typically made of the OS because this should be available on a previously created disk image or on software discs form the vendor. Backing up the other software a user has purchased and installed on the computer is recommended also, for ease of re-installation if needed. Most, if not all, fully integrated commercial operating systems will include security options that include backups. In Microsoft Windows 7, for example, the backup and restore utility takes care of this function. Cloud computing is becoming increasingly popular for backups. Most serious home computer users will have two backups, often on a separate portable hard drive and another on a commercial server in the “cloud”. Examples include, but are certainly not limited to Google, JustCloud (Amazon’s offering), and Carbonite.
References used:
http://www.cumc.columbia.edu/it/getting_started/backup.htm
http://windows.microsoft.com/en-US/windows7/products/features/backup-and-restore.htm
# The Computer Revolution/Artificial Intelligence/Turing Test

The Turing Test
- The Turing test answers the question " do computers have or have computers achieved human intelligence"
Alan Turing, the creator of the Turing test, predicted that by the end of the century, computers would mimic human thinking. Alan, a mathematician at the time ( 1950 ) stated that it would be impossible to tell if a conversation with a computer could be distinguishable from conversation with a person.
In most examples the test works as follows:
1. human being(1) typing responses to human being(2) questions or queries
2. computer program providing other responses to same human being(2) questions or quieres
3. now both human being (1) and the computer program are not in eye site of human being (2) so that human being (2) has no visual reference of which source ( human (1) or computer ) is providing the reference.
4. the point of the test is to answer the question above "do computers have or have computers achieved human intelligence" 5. if the human being (2) is unable to determine which source responding to him is either human or computer, this demostrates the computers ability to hold human intelligence.
The Loebner Prize
In 1990, Dr. Hugh Loebner introduced a contest designed to implement the Turing Test. He offered to award a prize of $100,000 and a bronze medal to the computer that could “think” like a human and could be considered artificially intelligent. Each year an annual contest is held and a prize of $2000 and a bronze medal is awarded to the program that responds with the most “human-like” responses. So there is a winner every year, but to date, the gold medal has never been awarded.
Parker, D. M. (2011). Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow. Boston, MA: Course Technology. Cengage Learning.
# The animals speak/Amazons

(Lilacine amazon, or Ecuadorian red-lored amazon, Amazona lilacina)
# The animals speak/Bibliography

Bekoff, Marc, Minding Animals : Awareness, Emotions and Heart, 2002; The Emotional Lives of Animals: A Leading Scientist Explores Animal Joy, Sorrow, and Empathy and Why They Matter, 2007
Bradbury, Jack W. and Vehrencamp, Sandra L., Principles of animal communication, 2011
Cheney, Dorothy L. and Seyfarth, Robert M., Baboon Metaphysics : The Evolution of a Social Mind, 2014
Daston, Lorraine and Mitman, Gregg, Thinking with Animals : New Perspectives on Anthropomorphism, 2005
Goodenough, Judith, McGuire, Betty and Jakob, Elizabeth, Perspectives on Animal Behavior, 2010
Håkansson, Gisela and Westander, Jennie, Communication in Humans and Other Animals, 2013
Hurley, Susan and Nudds, Matthew (eds), Rational Animals?, 2006
Lorenz, Konrad, King Solomon's Ring, 1949; Here I Am – Where Are You? – A Lifetime's Study of the Uncannily Human Behaviour of the Greylag Goose, 1988
Maynard Smith, John and Harper, David, Animal signals, 2003
Pepperberg, Irene, The Alex Studies : Cognitive and Communicative Abilities of Grey Parrots, 2009
Premack, David and Woodruff, Guy, Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind?, The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1978, 4, 515-526
# The animals speak/Fisherbirds

(Grey heron, Ardea cinerea)
The fisherbird
# The animals speak/Greylag geese of the lake of the Head of Gold
### Black or White

This film must be seen while listening to the song of Michael Jackson (same title, same duration):
# The animals speak/Kings and Queens

(Giraffe, Giraffa camelopardalis)
The gallop of the giraffe
The departure of the giraffe
The giraffe sees from very far that it is looked at