OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Practical Electronics/Device pinouts/CompactFlash cards

| Function | Function | Function | Dir | Pin | Pin | Dir | Function | Function | Function |
| Comm. Mem. | I/O | True IDE | Dir | Pin | Pin | Dir | Comm. Mem. | I/O | True IDE |
| GND | GND | GND | N/A | 1 | 26 | OUT | CD1 | CD1 | CD1 |
| D03 | D03 | D03 | BI | 2 | 27 | BI | D11 | D11 | D11 |
| D04 | D04 | D04 | BI | 3 | 28 | BI | D12 | D12 | D12 |
| D05 | D05 | D05 | BI | 4 | 29 | BI | D13 | D13 | D13 |
| D06 | D06 | D06 | BI | 5 | 30 | BI | D14 | D14 | D14 |
| D07 | D07 | D07 | BI | 6 | 31 | BI | D15 | D15 | D15 |
| CE1 | CE1 | CS0 | IN | 7 | 32 | IN | CE2 | CE2 | CS1 |
| A10 | A10 | L | IN | 8 | 33 | OUT | VS1 | VS1 | VS1 |
| OE | OE | ATA SEL | IN | 9 | 34 | IN | NU | IORD | IORD |
| A09 | A09 | L | IN | 10 | 35 | IN | NU | IOWR | IOWR |
| A08 | A08 | L | IN | 11 | 36 | IN | WE | WE | WE |
| A07 | A07 | L | IN | 12 | 37 | OUT | READY | IREQ | INTRQ |
| VCC | VCC | VCC | N/A | 13 | 38 | N/A | VCC | VCC | VCC |
| A06 | A06 | L | IN | 14 | 39 | IN | CSEL | CSEL | CSEL |
| A05 | A05 | L | IN | 15 | 40 | IN | VS2 | VS2 | VS2 |
| A04 | A04 | L | IN | 16 | 41 | IN | RESET | RESET | RESET |
| A03 | A03 | L | IN | 17 | 42 | OUT | WAIT | WAIT | IORDY |
| A02 | A02 | A02 | IN | 18 | 43 | OUT | NU | INPACK | NC |
| A01 | A01 | A01 | IN | 19 | 44 | IN | REG | REG | HA |
| A00 | A00 | A00 | IN | 20 | 45 | BI | BVD2 / H | SPKR | DASP |
| D00 | D00 | D00 | BI | 21 | 46 | BI | BVD1 / H | STSCHG | PDIAG |
| D01 | D01 | D01 | BI | 22 | 47 | BI | D08 | D08 | D08 |
| D02 | D02 | D02 | BI | 23 | 48 | BI | D09 | D09 | D09 |
| WP | IOS16 | IOCS16 | IN | 24 | 49 | BI | D10 | D10 | D10 |
| CD2 | CD2 | CD2 | OUT | 25 | 50 | N/A | GND | GND | GND |

### Key

* GND Ground reference voltage
* VCC Positive power rail. This can be either 3.3V or 5V.
* D[15:0] Birdirectional data bus
* A[10:0] Address bus
* CD1, CD2 Card detect signals. These go low when a card is inserted into a socket.
# Practical Electronics/Filters
## Electronics Filter

An Electronics filter is an electronic device that has stable voltage that does not change even over a range of frequencies. There are 5 types of Electronic Filter

## Filter Types

* Low Pass Filter
* High Pass Filter
* Band Pass Filter
* Tuned Resonance Selected Band-reject
* Tuned Resonance Selected Band-pass
# Practical Electronics/Device pinouts
## Memory Devices

* CompactFlash cards

## Integrated Circuits

* 4000 series
* 7400 series
# Practical Electronics/Diodes/Types of diode
## Diode's Types

    ComponentDiodeDescription Light Emitted Diode Commonly used in lighting application where correctly applied voltage will turn on LED producing illuminations Protection Diode Used in a circuit to protect the circuit from reverse voltage and currents Schottky DiodeA type of diode with low forward voltage ,Vf drop and a very fast switching ability. Used in almost all types of high-speed switching applications Photo DiodeA type of special diodes that takes light energy and converts it into electrical energy Varactor DiodePrimarily used in tuning circuits where a change in capacitance tunes the circuit Zener DiodeSpecial type of diode that is used most extensively as a voltage regulator Tunnel DiodeThe characteristic of this diode is when voltage applied increases , the electric current decreases. It is used as a very fast switching device in computers Shockley DiodeFunctions primarily as a switch when applied voltages exceedingly the target voltage
# Programming Fundamentals/Functions
## Overview

This chapter introduces modular programming, functions, parameters, return values, and scope.

## Chapter Outline

* Modular Programming
* Hierarchy or Structure Chart
* Function Examples
* Parameters and Arguments
* Call by Value vs Call by Reference
* Return Statement
* Void Data Type
* Scope
* Programming Style
* Standard Libraries
* Code Examples
** C++
** C#
** Java
** JavaScript
** Python
** Swift
* Practice: Functions

## Learning Objectives

* Understand key terms and definitions.
* Given example pseudocode, flowcharts, and source code, create a program that uses functions, parameters, and return values to solve a given problem.
# Programming Fundamentals/Index Notation
## Overview

Index notation is used to specify the elements of an array. Most current programming languages use square brackets as the array index operator. Older programming languages, such as FORTRAN, COBOL, and BASIC, often use parentheses as the array index operator.

## Discussion

Example:
| Language | Example |
| C++ | int ages = {49, 48, 26, 19, 16}; int myAge = ages[2]; |
| C# | int ages = {49, 48, 26, 19, 16}; int myAge = ages[2]; |
| Java | int ages = {49, 48, 26, 19, 16}; int myAge = ages[2]; |
| JavaScript | var ages = [49, 48, 26, 19, 16]; int myAge = ages[2]; |
| Python | ages = [49, 48, 26, 19, 16] my_age = ages[2] |
| Swift | var ages:[Int] = [49, 48, 26, 19, 16] var my_age = ages[2] |
As an operator, square brackets either provide the value held by the member of the array (Rvalue) or change the value of member (Lvalue). In the above example, the member that is two offsets from the front of the array (the value 26) is assigned to the variable named myAge. The dereference operator of [2] tells the computer, go to the 2nd offset from the front of the ages array and get the value stored there. In this case, the value would be 26. In most current programming languages, the array members (or elements) are referenced starting at zero. The more common way for people to reference a list is by starting with position one. Consider:
| Position | Index | Miss America | Other Contests |
| zero offsets from the front | ages[0] | Winner | 1st Place |
| one offset from the front | ages[1] | 1st Runner Up | 2nd Place |
| two offsets from the front | ages[2] | 2nd Runner Up | 3rd Place |
| three offsets from the front | ages[3] | 3rd Runner Up | 4th Place |
| four offsets from the front | ages[4] | 4th Runner Up | 5th Place |
Saying that my cousin is the 2nd Runner-Up in the Miss America contest sounds so much better than saying that she was in 3rd Place. We would be talking about the same position in the array of the five finalists.
ages[3] = 20;
This is an example of changing an array’s value by assigning 20 to the 4th member of the array and replacing the value 19 with 20. This is an Lvalue context because the array is on the left side of the assignment operator.

## Key Terms
### array member

    An element or value in an array.

### index

    An operator that allows us to reference a member of an array.

### offset

    The method of referencing array members by starting at zero.

## References

* cnx.org: Programming Fundamentals – A Modular Structured Approach using C++
* ↑ Wikipedia: Index notation
# Programming Fundamentals/Function Examples Python
## References

* Wikiversity: Computer Programming
# Programming Fundamentals/Function Examples Swift
## References

* Wikiversity: Computer Programming
# Programming Fundamentals/If Then Else
## Overview

The if–then–else construct, sometimes called if-then, is a two-way selection structure common across many programming languages. Although the syntax varies from language to language, the basic structure looks like:

## Discussion

The "if then else' control structure, from the selection category, is available in every high level language. The structure is controlled by asking a question that has a true or false answer. Review the example below:
In most languages, the question (called a test expression) is a Boolean expression. The Boolean data type has two values – true and false. Let’s rewrite the structure to consider this:
Some languages use reserved words of: “if”, “then” and “else”. Many eliminate the “then”. Additionally the “do this” can be tied to true and false. You might see it as:
And most languages infer the “is true” you might see it as:
The above four forms of the control structure are saying the same thing. The else word is often not used in our English speaking today. However, consider the following conversation between a mother and her child.
Child asks, “Mommy, may I go outside and play?”
Mother answers, “If your room is clean then you may go outside and play or else you may go sit on a chair for five minutes as punishment for asking me the question when you knew your room was dirty.”
Let’s note that all of the elements are present to determine the action (or flow) that the child will be doing. Because the question (your room is clean) has only two possible answers (true or false) the actions are mutually exclusive. Either the child 1) goes outside and plays or 2) sits on a chair for five minutes. One of the actions is executed; never both of the actions.

### One Choice – Implied Two-Way Selection

Often the programmer will want to do something only if the expression is true, that is with no false action. The lack of a false action is also referred to as a “null else” and would be written as:
Because the “else do nothing” is implied, it is usually written in short form like:

## Key Terms
### if then else

    A two-way selection control structure.

### mutually exclusive

    Items that do not overlap. Example: true or false.

## References

* cnx.org: Programming Fundamentals – A Modular Structured Approach using C++
* ↑ Wikipedia: Conditional (computer programming)
# Programming Fundamentals/Hierarchy or Structure Chart
## Overview

The hierarchy chart (also known as a structure chart) shows the relationship between various modules. Its name mostly comes from showing the organization (or structure) of a business, with the president of the business at the top, followed by the vice president etc., continuing down until the lowest level workers are reached. Within the context of a computer program, it shows the relationship between modules (or functions). Detailed logic of the program is not presented. It does represent the organization of the functions used within the program, showing which functions are calling on a subordinate function. Those above are calling those on the next level down, almost like how a manager orders an employee to complete a task.
Hierarchy charts are created by the programmer to help document a program. They convey the big picture of the modules (or functions) used in a program.

## Key Terms
### hierarchy chart

    Conveys the relationship or big picture of the various functions in a program.

### structure chart

    Another name for a hierarchy chart.

## References

* cnx.org: Programming Fundamentals – A Modular Structured Approach using C++
# LaTeX/Initials

* LaTeX
* Getting Started
* Introduction
* Installation
* Installing Extra Packages
* Basics
* How to get help
* Common Elements
* Document Structure
* Text Formatting
* Paragraph Formatting
* Colors
* Fonts
* List Structures
* Special Characters
* Internationalization
* Rotations
* Tables
* Title creation
* Page Layout
* Customizing Page Headers and Footers‎
* Importing Graphics
* Floats, Figures and Captions
* Footnotes and Margin Notes
* Hyperlinks
* Labels and Cross-referencing
* Initials
* Mechanics
* Errors and Warnings
* Lengths
* Counters
* Boxes
* Rules and Struts
* Technical Text
* Mathematics
* Advanced Mathematics
* Theorems
* Chemical Graphics
* Algorithms
* Source Code Listings
* Linguistics
* Special Pages
* Indexing
* Glossary
* Bibliography Management
* More Bibliographies
* Special Documents
* Scientific Reports (Bachelor Report, Master Thesis, Dissertation)
* Letters
* Presentations
* Teacher's Corner
* Curriculum Vitae
* Academic Journals (MLA, APA, etc.)
* Creating Graphics
* Introducing Procedural Graphics
* MetaPost
* Picture
* PGF/TikZ
* PSTricks
* Xy-pic
* Creating 3D graphics
* Programming
* Macros
* Plain TeX
* Creating Packages
* Creating Package Documentation
* Themes
* Miscellaneous
* Modular Documents
* Collaborative Writing of LaTeX Documents
* Export To Other Formats
* Help and Recommendations
* FAQ
* Tips and Tricks
* Appendices
* Authors
* Links
* Package Reference
* Sample LaTeX documents
* Index
* Command Glossary

## Initials

A common feature of literary works is initials, i.e. decorative first characters on the first page of a chapter in a book.

## The lettrine package

The lettrine package available in most Latex-distributions (Miktex, Texlive) seems to be the most mature package to add initials. The package is highly configurable and easy to use.
Example:
* \documentclass{article}
* \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
* \usepackage{palatino}
* \usepackage{lettrine}
* \begin{document}
* \lettrine{D}{ie Halbinsel Coney Island} (englisch: Kanin­chen­insel) ist der äußer­ste süd­liche Zipfel von Brook­lyn, der direkt an der At­lantik­küste liegt und vor allem durch seine großen Ver­gnü­gungs­parks und die an­gren­zende Hoch­haus­sied­lung rus­si­scher Ein­wan­derer be­kannt ist. Reste früherer Ver­gnü­gungs­parks kann man heute noch be­sich­tigen.
* \bigskip
* \lettrine[lines=1]{D}{ie Halbinsel Coney Island} (englisch: Kanin­chen­insel) ist der äußer­ste süd­liche Zipfel von Brook­lyn, der direkt an der At­lantik­küste liegt und vor allem durch seine großen Ver­gnü­gungs­parks und die an­gren­zende Hoch­haus­sied­lung rus­si­scher Ein­wan­derer be­kannt ist. Reste früherer Ver­gnü­gungs­parks kann man heute noch be­sich­tigen.
* \bigskip
* \lettrine[lines=3]{D}{ie Halbinsel Coney Island} (englisch: Kanin­chen­insel) ist der äußer­ste süd­liche Zipfel von Brook­lyn, der direkt an der At­lantik­küste liegt und vor allem durch seine großen Ver­gnü­gungs­parks und die an­gren­zende Hoch­haus­sied­lung rus­si­scher Ein­wan­derer be­kannt ist. Reste früherer Ver­gnü­gungs­parks kann man heute noch be­sich­tigen.
* \end{document}
https://ctan.org/pkg/lettrine
# Mathematical Proof and the Principles of Mathematics/Introduction/Objectives and prerequisites

This is a more detailed look at what a prospective reader will need to understand this book and what topics will be covered.

## Prerequisites

The material in this book represents a break from the kind of computational mathematics you may have been exposed to previously. So there aren't many mathematical facts that will be required. But this knowledge will be helpful in that it will be used in some of the examples given. You will need to be familiar with unknowns and varables as used in algebra and calculus, and be familiar with the concept of functions. Perhaps most importantly, you should not be daunted by mathematical symbols and expressions; they are the vocabulary of the language of mathematics.

## Objectives

After reading this book and completing exercises the reader should:
* Appreciate the reasons for rigor in mathematics and understand the advantages of proof over intuition and inductive reasoning.
* Understand the axiomatic method and how if differs with the scientific method.
* Understand and be able to work with commonly used constructions in mathematics.
* Be proficient at constructing simple proofs of mathematical statements.
* Be able to construct more complex proofs given some hints.
* Be proficient at understanding mathematical texts.
* Be familiar with problem solving techniques as applied to mathematics.
* Appreciate the scope of modern mathematics.
* Be familiar with the fundamental concepts of the different areas of mathematics.
* Appreciate the aesthetics of mathematics.
* Be familiar with some of the lore of mathematics: famous names, unsolved problems, historical anecdotes, famous quotes etc.
# Mathematical Proof and the Principles of Mathematics/Logic

As mentioned in the introduction, this is not meant to be an exposition on logic. For one thing that would be a book in itself. For another, our goal is to provide you what you need to know to do mathematics proper and you don't need to know the internal workings for that. If you think of logic as a car, we just need to know how to operate the steering wheel, gas pedal and brakes; we don't need to know the principles of the internal combustion engine or where the gas comes from.
To that end, we will avoid using the symbolism of logic, though we will introduce the notation so you will know what it means if you encounter it. We will accept the rules of logical deduction as valid, and leave the justification that they are valid to logicians. Most are intuitively true anyway. There are actually quite a few rules that have to be learned, but we will introduce them as they are used so they don't come at you all at once.
# Mathematical Proof and the Principles of Mathematics/Logic/Non-classical logic

We've been requiring that mathematical statements be either true or false. But there are many statements in mathematics which we don't know whether they are true. So it seems reasonable to ask what happens if this basic assumption is really justified. Non-classical logics ask what happens if the true/false values of statements are not required and rules of inference are modified accordingly. There is quite a menagerie of these logical systems and we list some of the more important ones here.

## Intuitionistic logic

This type of logic rejects the method of indirect proof. In our system this amounts to saying that the rule of inference
    From not not $P$ deduce $P$
is not valid.

## Fuzzy logic

In this type of logic, instead of statements have an absolute truth value they have a degree of certainty which ranges from 0 (for false) to 1 (for true). This type of logic has found applications in control theory and artificial intelligence.

## Modal logic

This type of logic attempts to capture the difference between statements which are necessarily true and those which happen to be true. For instance, the statement "Donald Trump won the 2016 U.S. Presidential election," is true, but you can imagine a parallel universe where it is false, so it's not considered necessarily true. On the other can the statement "2+2=4" would be true in any parallel universe, so it's considered necessarily true.

## Quantum logic

This type of attempts to model the statements of quantum physics. Certain measurements in quantum physics, such as position and momentum, are complimentary, meaning they can be made individually but not together. This means that statements such as "The momentum of the particle P is x." and "The position of the particle P is y." do not behave as expected with respect to the usual rules of logic.
# Nissan 240SX Performance Modification/KA24DE and KA24E/Supercharging

A supercharger (also known as a blower) is an air compressor used to force more air (and hence more oxygen) into the combustion chamber(s) of an internal combustion engine than can be achieved at ambient atmospheric pressure.
www.boosthead.com sells supercharging kits for the SOHC and DOHC 240sx. Team Clockwork Performance in Compton California is a reputable shop that can instal this kit on any Nissan 240sx.
# Nissan 240SX Performance Modification/Non Nissan Engine Swaps

Non Nissan Engine Swaps

# Chevy V8

The most common swap is to an LS series (aluminum block), which is most popular from the Corvette (but was also used in other vehicles such as the Trailblazer SS, Cadillac CTS-V, & 05/06 Pontiac GTO). The iron LT blocks should be do-able also. There is a 6 speed manual transmission available.

## Specs and Versions

LS1, 5.7L = 350hp LS2, 6.0L = 400hp LS6, 5.7L = 400hp LS7, 7.0L = 505hp LS9, 6.2L(supercharged) = 638hp

## Swap Guide
### Required Items

Engine
oilpan from the GTO
special motor mounts
custom drive shaft
some wiring harness magic to make your gaugepod work
electric radiator fans (new radiator recommended)
fuel pump

### Step by Step
# Ford 302ci (5.0l) V8
## Specs and Versions

'95 to '02 ford explorer motor mounts

## Swap Guide
### Step by Step
# Lexus 1UZ-FE
## Specs and Versions

244ci 262.4ci (4.0-4.3 L)
Early 90's Horsepower 250 @ 5600 Torque lbf 260 @ 4400
Mid 90's Horsepower 261 Torque lbf. 268 ft·lbf
Mid 90's with VVT-I Horsepower 290 Torque lbf. 300
# Nissan 240SX Performance Modification/Shocks and Springs

Shocks and springs are an inexpensive alternative to full coilovers to give your car a lower, stiffer, more sporty ride. Lower springs with a stiffer spring rate will make your car ride rough, the tradeoff is reduced weight transfer and greater stabillity when cornering.

# Shocks

Shocks keep the springs on your car from constantly bouncing by providing resistance to the lateral motion of the shock and spring assembly.
Aftermarket shocks usually have features like adjustability or support for lower height springs.
shock reviews

# Springs

Springs dictate the ride height of the car and the motion of the dampers.
Stiff, low springs allow of reduced weight transfer when accelerating and cornering at the cost of reduced ride comfort.
spring reviews
# Nissan 240SX Performance Modification/KA24DE and KA24E/Aftermarket Engine management

OBD1 Aftermarket Engine Management
- OBD1 Stock ECU Daughterboards
Several options exists for modifying the stock OBD1 ECU with a add-on board allowing full read/write access to all OBD1 ECU tables (Fuel/Ignition/Maf Translations etc.).
Nistune http://nistune.com/
Bikirom www.bikirom.com
- Standalone
AEM Etc.
# Nissan 240SX Performance Modification/KA24DE and KA24E/Exhaust

A free-flowing exhaust has been know to create increases in both horsepower and torque across the RPM range in the KA24-powered 240SX.
Unlike other 4 cylinder engines, the KA24DE responds very well to most of the 3" exhausts on the market. Improvements have been made across the entire powerband, with no loss of torque.
exhaust reviews
# Nissan 240SX Performance Modification/KA24DE and KA24E/CAI

A Cold Air Intake is a performance system designed to allow for a greater volume of air to enter the engine, at a lower temperature. The system is usually comprised of a replacement filter, an air passage tube, and mounting hardware.
The replacement filter generally substitutes a cloth element that uses special oil, applied to the cloth element to collect dust and prevent particles from entering the engine. Although performance filters that work without the need for oiling have been introduced. The cloth elements allow greater volumes of air and easier flow of air providing greater power and faster revving from the engine.
The air passage tube carries the air from the filter to the throttle body. The tube is generally constructed of metal and designed in such a manner to move the physical location of the air filter to an area away from the heat of the engine, such as inside the fender or behind the bumper. resulting in a cooler intake charge. Colder air has a higher density, offering more oxygen for combustion. The tube generally has holes and fittings for attachment of factory fitted electronic sensors, and factory fitted vacuum tubes.
Mounting hardware usually consists of brackets to support the tube by bracing it on the body or engine.
Several Cold Air Intakes are available for the 240SX
CAI reviews
# Nissan 240SX Performance Modification/KA24DE and KA24E/Header

The Header is metal plumbing that directs hot exhaust gases out of the engine to the exhaust. There are two specific design features to the plumbing. The Plumbing is called runner lengths that are designed in what is called the 4-1 header design, or the 4-2-1 header design. The purpose of header design is to manipulate the way power is used in the power band. Power is manipulated through pulses in a process known as scavaging, either for function of low to mid-end power use, or for the function of high-end power use. 4-2-1 is designed to function as a low to mid end power header. The stock header is restrictive and can be upgraded to a less restrictive unit for a slight increase in power, while the 4-1 header was made for high-RPM applications. Stock headers were created for maximum back pressure to regulate smog emissions, and in no way is the stock header a performance enhancer.
header installation
header reviews