# Lombard/Conjunctions and conjunctive locutions

* The reference orthography for this page of Lombard course is New Lombard orthography

## Copulative conjuctions and copulative conjuctive locutions
### Copulative conjunctions

| Conjunctions in English | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| e (1) | and | | All dialects |
| dessorapù (1) | in addition | | (1) MI |

### Copulative conjunctive locutions

| Conjunctive locution in English | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| e poeu (1) | and besides, and moreover | | (1) MI |
| e anca (1) | in addtition | | (1) MI |
Furthermore adverbs of addtion can play the role of copulative conjunction.

## Disjunctive conjuctions and disjunctive conjuctive locutions
### Disjunctive conjuction

| Conjunction in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| o (1) | or | | |
| opur (1) | or | | (1) VA MI |

### Disjunctive conjuctiuve locutions

| Locuzzion de sgiontadura | Translation into English | Examples | Dialet |
| se de nò (1) | otherwise, else | (1) MI BG | |
| putost che (1) | or | (1) MI | |

## Adversative conjuction and conjuctive locutions
### Adversative conjuctions

Adversative conjunctions join two words or two sentences at the same level but one against the other
| Conjunction in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| anzi (1) | in fact | | (1) MI |
| ma (1) | but | L'è una macchina veggia, ma la fonziona an’mò ben. (It's an old machine but it still works well) | (1) MI |
| però (1) | (a) but (b) tough | L'è una macchina veggia, però la fonziona ancamò ben. (It's an old machine but it still works well) | (1) MI BG |
| comunque (1) | however | L'è una macchina veggia, comunque la fonziona ancamò ben. (It's an old machine however it still works well) | (1)MI |
| nondemen (1) nondimen (2) | nevertheless | | (1) MI (1) MI (arcaich) |
| inveci (1) | but | | (1) MI |

### Locuzioni congiuntive avversative

Adversative conjunctive locutions join two words or two sentences on the same level but against each other; the second sentence, which, using the conjunctions above would be a negation, must have the verb in the infinitive.
| Conjunctive locution in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| inveci de/inveci che (1) | instead of | L'ha lavorad inveci che studià (He worked instead of studying) | (1) MI |
| inscambi de/inscambi che (1) | instead of | | |
| al post che (1) | instead of | L'ha lavorad al post che studià (He worked instead of studying) | (1) MI |
| piuttosto che (1) | rather than | | (1) MI |

## Congiunzioni e locuzioni congiuntive di tempo
### Congiunzioni di tempo

| Conjunction in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| finché (1) | till, as long as | | (1) MI |
There is also quand (when), especially in Milanese dialect it is sometimes used without being followed by "che" (see below) due to the influence of the Italian language.

### Conjunctive locutions of time

| Conjunctive locution in Lombard | Translation into English | Dialect |
| intanta che (1) | while | (1) MI |
| in quella che (1) | while | (1) MI |
| quand che (1) | when | (1) MI |
| fina tant che (1) | as long as | (1) MI |
| fin per fina (1) | until | (1) MI (arcaich) |
| dopo che (1) | aftyer | (1) MI |
| maneman che (1) | as | (1) MI |
| prima che (1) | before | (1) MI |
| inanz che (1) | before | (1) MI |
| semper che (1) | assuming | (1) MI |
| via via che (1) | as | (1) MI |

## Conjunctions and conjunctive locutions of cause
### Conjunctions of cause

| Conjunction in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| perchè (1) | because | | (1) MI |
| che (1) | that | Son content che ti te seet chì. (I’m glad you are here) (english doesn’t use conjunctions in this case) | (1) MI |

### Conjunctive locutions of cause

| Conjunctive locution in Lombard | Translation into English | Dialet |
| desgià che (1) | as, because, since | (1) MI |
| del moment che (1) | since | (1) MI |
| vist che (1) | given that, since | (1) MI |
| dato che (1) | given that, since | (1) MI |

## Conditional conjunctions and conjunctive locutions
### Conditional conjunctions

| Conjunction in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| se (1) | if | | |
| qualora (1) | in case, if | | |

### Conditional conjunctive locutions

| Conjunctive locution in Lombard | Translation into English |
| basta che (1) | as long as |
| con che (1) | provided that, on condition that, as long as |
| semai che (1) | if ever |
| quand che (1) | when |
| al cas che (1) | in case |
| senza che (1) | unless, wikthout |

## Concessive conjunctions and concessive conjunctive locutions
### Concessive conjunctions

| Conjunctions in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| ancaben (che) (1) ansiben (che) (2) | although, though | | (1) MI (2) MI (arc.) |
| siben (che) (1) seben (che) (2) siben che (3) | even if, although, though | | (1) MI (2) MI (3) BG |
| nonostant (che) (1) nonistant (che) (2) | although | Nonostant che l'aveva studiad poch l'hà passad l'esam istess Although he had studied little he passed the exam anyway | (1) MI (2) MI (arcaich) |
| con-tut-ché (1) con-toeut-ché (2) | although | | (1) MI (2) BG |
| quantunque (1) | although | | (1) MI < |

### Concessive conjunctive locutions

| Conjunctive locutions in Lombard | Translation into English | Dialect |
| anca se (1) | even if | |
| con tut che (1) con toeut che (2) | although | (1) MI (2) BG |
| se anca (1) | even if | |

## Exceptive conjunctive locutions

| Locuzioni congiuntive in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| condemanch che (1) | unless | | (1) MI |
| foeura che (1) | except | | (1) MI |
| via che (1) | except | | (1) MI |
| che (1) | che (same meaning as except but is used in negating sentences) | No gh’hoo alter che ti (I have nothing but you) | (1) MI |

## Concluding conjuntion and conlucluding conjunctive locutions
### Concluding conjunction

| Conjunctions in Lombard | Translation into English | Dialect |
| donca (1) | so | (1) MI |
| alora (1) | so | (1) MI |
| eben (1) ben (2) | well | (1) MI |
| epur (1) | an yet | (1) MI |

### Concluding conjunctive locutions

| Conjunctive locutions in Lombard | Traduzioni in Lombard | Examples | Dialect |
| per quest (1) | so | | (1) MI |

## Conjunctions and conjunctive locutions of purpose
### Conjunctions of purpose

| Conjunctions in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| ondeché (1) | in order to | | (1) MI |

### Conjuntive locutions of purpose

| Conjunctive locutions in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| de manera che (1) (per fà) in manera che (2) | in order to | | (2) MI |
| cont el fin che (1) | in order to | | |

## Declarative conjunctions and declarative conjunctive locutions

Declarative conjunctions are used to start a sentence that explains what the previous sentence said; they are coordinating when the two sentences are at the same level, otherwise they are subordinating.

### Declarative conjunctions
#### Congiunzioni dichiarative subordinanti

| Conjunctions in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| che (1) ca (2) | (that) (it introduce a subordinated sentences wich best descrive the predicate) | T'avevi did che seri andad a scola. I told you (that) I went to school (In this cas English may not even use conjunctions) | (1) MI (2) VA |
| come (1) | how | | (1) MI |

#### Coordinating declarative conjunctions

| Conjunction | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| cioè (1) | that is | | |
| idest (1) | i.e. | | |

### Declarative conjunctive locutions
#### Subordinating declarative conjunctive locutions

| Conjucntive locution in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| compagn che (1) | like | | |

#### Coordinating declarative conjunctive locutions

| Locuzioni congiuntive in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| o ben (1) | that is | | (1) MI |
| de fatt (1) | in fact | | (1) MI |

## Correlative conjuctions

| Conjunction | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| né...né (1) | no… no, not … or | | |
| tant..quant (1) | as…as | | |
| sia...sia (1) | both…and | | |
| sia...che (1) | both and | sia te che me (both you and me) | (1) Lagh |

## Comparative conjuctions

| Conjunction | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| che (1) ca (2) | than | L'è mej lavorà che vesser disocupad (It’s better to work than to be unemployed) | (1) MI (2) VA |

## Consecutive conjuctions

| Conjunctive locutions in Lombard | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| tant che (1) | so much that | | |
| che (1) | that | A faseva inscì cald che 'l sariss stad mej se 'l diretor el n'havariss permetud de tegnì su i calzoni curt in offizzi. ( It was so hot that it would have been better if the director had consented us to wear shorts in the office) | MI |

## Limitating conjunctive locutions

| Conjunctive locutions | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| con tant (1) | as far as | | |

## Relative conjunctions

| Conjucntion | Translation into English | Examples | Dialect |
| indove (1) | where | Chess-chì l'è el post indove mi son nassud this is the place where I was born. | (1) MI |
| quand (1) / quand che (2) | when | | |