OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Intensive Hebrew/Introduction

Units · Vocabulary · Grammar · Workbook · Texts · Appendices

## Contents
### Studying Hebrew · ללמוד עברית

    Why Study Hebrew? · How to Study

### The Hebrew World · העברית העולם

    Culture · History of Hebrew · The Jewish State

### Alphabet · אלפבית

    Grammar · Consonants · Gereshes · Vowels · Semi-consonants also Acting as Vowels · Final Letters · Cursive
    Vocabulary · Punctuation · Numerals

### Pronunciation & Spelling · ההגייה והאיות

    Phonology · Sounds & Syllables · Dagesh · Vowel Reduction · Shva · Spelling

### Greetings · ברכות

    Vocabulary · Introductions · Hello · Goodbye · How are you?

### Numbers · מספרים

    Vocabulary · Feminine Numerals · Masculine Numerals · Ordinal Numbers · Mathematics · How much?

### Dates · תאריכים

    Vocabulary · Days · Months · Years · Seasons · Jewish Calendar · Holidays · Birthdays

### Telling Time · ?מה השעה

    Vocabulary · Time · Time of Day
# Intensive Care Medicine/suggestion

* Help:Contents
* Wikibooks:Neutral point of view
* Wikibooks:Policies and guidelines
* Wikibooks:Copyrights - Non-free materials and special requirements and Wikipedia: Non-free content policy provide direction on limited use of Copyrighted material, when necessary (ex. in quotations).
Wikibooks is for collaborative development of free textbooks.
You do not need technical skills to contribute. You can easily change most books. Please introduce yourself, and let us know what interests you.
If you already contribute at other Wikimedia projects, our Wikimedia Orientation should quickly get you started.
* Read the Using Wikibooks book for a friendly introduction to the project, or our help pages for more information.
* You can get friendly help from the community in the user assistance room or our IRC channel.
* Upload freely licensed files to Wikimedia Commons. You may request permission to upload fair use files locally. Please include author and source {{information}} and a {{non-free use rationale}} for non-free files.
* You can restore a previously saved version.
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* Please fill in and preview your edits before saving.
* Sign your name on discussion pages by typing ~~~~
* User scripts can make many tasks easier. Look at the Gadgets tab of my preferences; check off the boxes for the scripts you want, and hit save!
# Intercontinental Motorcycle Touring/Touring Styles

Touring styles vary from rider to rider and the following are typical ways of touring the world, either as such or as a combination.
* Time-constrained, riding-focused tour – This represents the majority of the tours where the riders (usually one to tree individuals) have dedicated a specific amount of time and money in their life to prepare for and complete their adventure. The routes used are usually well known and traveled and the riders spend most of their time riding leaving little time for local tourism, on or off the motorcycle. Under these conditions, some tours focusing on good asphalt roads through North America, Europe, and parts of Asia (Russia/Siberia especially) can be completed within a few months. Sometimes, the riders will chose to add some challenges to their tour by covering some harder stretches of road or ride for cause (for example a humanitarian project with the purpose to raise money through publicity of the tour).
* Split in multiple sections – Some riders will opt to spend a few months every couple of years or so to travel only through a few countries at a time. Eventually, over the years, these travelers end up completing a full round-the-world tour by adding up all the individuals sections they traveled. These riders usually prefer to travel at a slower pace to have more opportunities and time to explore the countries traversed.
* Opening new roads – Some riders will concentrate on touring in very harsh conditions, opening some uncharted territories, riding though some extremely difficult terrain in the desert or the jungle and sometime under terrible weather conditions. For these patient riders it may take years to complete their journey.
* Lifetime touring – A few well known riders have toured the world for the majority of their life, traveling for years, sometimes decades. These riders have chosen to spend their life on the road exploring countries where motorcycle tourism is rare and at great risks, and sometimes exploring the same country multiple times. Some of these riders started in the 1970s of 1980s and are still riding. Their adventurous life is often detailed in books and websites they publish.
* Organized tours – Several companies organize trans- and intercontinental tours with potentially larger groups of riders.
# Intensive Care Medicine/toc

Table of contents

## Introduction

* Preface
* Suggestions for authors

## Overview

* History of Intensive Care Medicine
* The Intensive Care Unit
* Organizational aspects of Intensive Care Medicine
* Outreach care and Early warning systems
* Disease severity assessment systems
* Ethical aspects of Intensive Care Medicine

## Clinical Intensive Care

* Clinical Intensive Care Medicine
* Procedures in Intensive Care Medicine
* Organ supportive therapy in Intensive Care Medicine
* Pharmacology in Intensive Care Medicine
* Pathologic basis of Intensive Care requiring Illnesses
* Laboratory Investigations in Intensive Care Medicine
* Diagnostic Imaging in Intensive Care Medicine

## Para-clinical Intensive Care

* Research in Intensive Care Medicine
* Quality
* Economics of Intensive Care

## Intensive Care organizations

* Intensive Care Medicine Fraternities
* Training programs in Intensive Care Medicine
* Patient support groups
* Intensive Care related foundations

## Appendix

* Normal reference values
* Clinical calculators
* Authors and contributors

## Index

* Index of definitions
* Index of illustrations
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies/Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold

Clifford Henry Yarburgh "Cliff" Gold was a prominent amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, amateur club administrator in the late 1920s and early 1930s, then joined his uncle 4EG at Ted's commercial station 4GG. His station callsign was 4CG (4=Queensland, C=Cliff, G=Gold) and he operated from Brisbane, Queensland. A summary biography has not yet been prepared however the following resources have been assembled in preparation:
* Transcriptions and Notes - Clifford Henry Yarburgh "Cliff" Gold - More than 50 transcriptions and notes
* Photos, QSL cards and other graphics - Clifford Henry Yarburgh "Cliff" Gold - Nothing uploaded as yet
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies/Cyril Donald Moran

More than 50 key articles relevant to Cyril Donald Moran, mainly from the NLA's Trove Digitised Newspapers have been transcribed for ease of reference here: Cyril Donald Moran - Transcriptions and Notes
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies/Douglas George Sanderson

Douglas George Sanderson was broadcast engineer with the Postmaster General's Department from the 1930s, rising to a senior position in Telstra Broadcasting Branch in Queensland before its ultimate demise. His booklet "On The Air" completed in 1988 is the definitive technical history of the National Broadcasting Service in Queensland. A summary biography has not yet been prepared however the following resources have been assembled in preparation:
* Transcriptions and Notes - Douglas George Sanderson - More than 50 transcriptions and notes
* Photos, QSL cards and other graphics - Douglas George Sanderson - Nothing uploaded as yet
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies/Cecil Ralph Newman Morris

Cecil Ralph Newman Morris was a prominent amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, amateur club administrator in the late 1920s and early 1930s, and ultimately senior state public servant. His station callsign was initially 4CN (4=Queensland, C=Cecil, N=??) then 4LW (4=Queensland, L=Long, W=Wave) and he operated from Brisbane (Rosalie), Queensland. A summary biography has not yet been prepared however the following resources have been assembled in preparation:
* Transcriptions and Notes - Cecil Ralph Newman Morris - More than 20 transcriptions and notes from 150+ identified
* Photos, QSL cards and other graphics - Cecil Ralph Newman Morris - Nothing uploaded as yet
# History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies/Douglas George Sanderson/Notes
## Douglas George Sanderson - Transcriptions and notes
### 1980s
#### 1980
##### 1980 12
#### 1981
##### 1981 12
#### 1982
##### 1982 12
#### 1983
##### 1983 12
#### 1984
##### 1984 12
#### 1985
##### 1985 12
#### 1986
##### 1986 12
#### 1987
##### 1987 12
#### 1988

   * 1947-1988, English, Photograph edition:
   * Douglas George Sanderson photographs and journal.
   * Sanderson, Douglas George, (compiler.)
   * Bookmark: https://trove.nla.gov.au/version/263970841
   * Language English
   * Edition details
   * Title: Douglas George Sanderson photographs and journal.
   * Creator: Sanderson, Douglas George, (compiler.)
   * Produced: 1947-1988.
   * Content Types: text still image
   * Carrier Types: sheet volume
   * Physical Description: 1 photograph album (approximately 150 photographs); and 74 loose photographs. 1 journal.
   * Subjects
   ** Sanderson, Douglas George -- Career in telecommunication.
   ** Telecommunication -- Queensland.
   ** Telecommunication cables -- Queensland.
   ** Radio -- Queensland -- Transmitters and transmission -- Photographs.
   * Target Audience: General
   * Summary: The collection relates to Douglas George Sanderson's employment as an engineer with the Postmaster General's Department. The photograph album contains photographs with captions of the establishment of radio transmission centres in the late 1940s at Clevedon in North Queensland (4QN); Bald Hills in Brisbane (4QG and 4QR); Dalby (4QS); Longreach (4QL); Bowen; Ayr, Fantome Island; 1949 emergency radio telephone at Pile Light, Lytton; Gatton; Russell Island; Redland Bay; Kamma, near Gordonvale (4QY); and the National Broadcasting Service office in Alice Street, Brisbane. The journal covers D.G. Sanderson's time working on the South-East Asia Commonwealth Cable (SEACOM) during the early 1960s.
   * Biography: During the 1960s the Commonwealth Telecommunications Board laid a submarine cable linking Commonwealth countries. The section linking New Zealand and Australia to South East Asia via Cairns and Hong Kong was known as SEACOM and was completed in 1967.
   * Notes: 32187 ,Douglas George Sanderson Photographs and Journal, John Oxley Library, State Library of Queensland Multiple copyright statuses.
   Access Conditions: Unrestricted access.
   * Terms of Use: You are free to use for personal research and study. For other uses see https:/​/​www.slq.qld.gov.au/​understanding-copyright.
   * Libraries Australia ID: 65955637
   * Contributed by: Libraries Australia

##### 1988 12
#### 1989
##### 1989 12
### 1990s
#### 1999
##### 1999 01
##### 1999 12
### 2000s
#### 2009
##### 2009 01
##### 2009 12
### 2010s
#### 2019
##### 2019 01
##### 2019 12
### 2020s
#### 2029
##### 2029 01
##### 2029 12
## References

* ↑ https://trove.nla.gov.au/version/263970841
# How To Assemble A Desktop PC/Noted contributors

* Noogz - Editor, Hardcore contributor, Team member
* Reub2000 - Original Author, Hardcore contributor, Team member
* Hyperlink - Organizer, Team member, Structural Contributor
* Andreas - Consultant, Print version
* Yayyak - Contributors
* KunalThaggarse - Contributor
# JavaScript/Exercises/TicTacToe

TicTacToe
TicTacToe is a game for two players. They choose fields out of a 3 x 3 chessboard.
First, we need an HTML file plus CSS to realize the user interface. It shall contain:
* A caption
* A container with nine buttons arranged in a 3 x 3 chessboard
* Two button Start X and a button Start O to decide which user starts
* A Reset button
* A textfield to give the users feedbacks about the status of the game
The HTML might look like this:
Next, you develop the app's logic by adding events to buttons and functions within the script element.
* When the game starts or will be reset, the nine X/O buttons and the feedback area must be cleared.
* It is helpful when the nine X/O buttons call the same event handler. event.target.id delivers the ID of the button and via document.getElementById(event.target.id) this button is reachable.
* Whenever one of the nine X/O buttons is clicked, this button must be protected against further clicks elem.disabled = true.
* We need a function that decides whether a line, a row, or a diagonal (8 possibilities) contains 3 'X's respectively 3 'O's.
* Consider the case that no one wins.
All in all, the app might look like this:
# JavaScript/Glossary

We try to keep consistency within the Wikibook when using technical terms. Therefore here is a short glossary.
| object | An object is an associative array with key-value pairs. The pairs are called properties. All data types are derived from object - with the exception of primitive data types. |
| property | A key-value pair that is part of an object. The key part is a string or a symbol, the value part is a value of any type. |
| dot notation | The syntax to identify a property of an object using a dot: myObject.propertyKey |
| bracket notation | The syntax to identify a property of an object using brackets: myObject["propertyKey"] |
| curly braces notation | The syntax to express an object 'literaly' using { }: const myObject = {age: 39} |
| function | A function is a block of code introduced by the keyword function, an optional name, open parenthesis, optional parameters, and closing parenthesis. function greeting(person) { return "Hello " + person; }; The above function is a named function. If you omit the function name, we call it a anonymous function. In this case, there is an alternative syntax by using the arrow syntax =>. function (person) { // no function name return "Hello " + person; }; // 'arrow' syntax. Here is only the definition of the function. // It is not called, hence not running. (person) => { return "Hello " + person; }; // or: (person) => {return "Hello " + person}; // assign the definition to a variable to be able to call it. let x = (person) => {return "Hello " + person}; // ... and execute the anonymous function by calling the variable // that points to it: x(...) alert( x("Mike") ); // interesting: alert(x); // execute an anonymous function directly ((person) => { alert("Hello " + person); })("Mike"); |
| method | A method is a function stored as a key-value pair of an object. The key represents the method name, and the value the method body. A method can be defined and accessed with the following syntax: let person = { firstName: "Tarek", city : "Kairo", show : function { return this.firstName + " lives in " + this.city; }, }; alert(person.show); |
| callback function | A function that is passed as an argument to another function. |
| console | Every browser contains a window where internal information is shown. It's called the console and normally not opened. In most browsers, you can open the console via the function key F12. |
| item | A single value in an array. Same as 'element'. |
| element | A single value in an array. Same as 'item'. |
| parameter | When defining a function, variables can be declared in its signature, e.g.,: function f(param1, param2). Those variables are called parameters. |
| argument | When calling a function, variables can be stated to be processed in the function, e.g.,: f(arg1, arg2). Those variables are called arguments. The arguments replace the parameters which were used during the function definition. |
# JavaScript/Functions/Exercises

Topic: Functions
1. Define a function with one parameter. The function returns a string starting with "The given argument was: " and ends with ". Ok?". Insert the argument between those two strings.
2. Extend the previous function to handle different data types, e.g., Numbers, Objects, ... . Show the data type into the returned string.
3. Define a function that takes two parameters. The function returns the average of both.
4. Define the function of the first exercise with an arrow function.
5. Define a function that takes an array of numbers as its parameter. The function returns the array's length, the smallest element, the largest element, and the average of all elements.
Because a function can return only a single element, all those computed values must be packed into an array (or an object). This array is the return value.
6. Define a function for describing a car. It takes four parameters: producer, model, horsepower, and color. The first two are mandatory; the last two are optional. Define default values for the last two parameters, e.g., "unknown".
# JavaScript/Finding elements/Exercises

Topic: Locate elements and DOM navigation
We use the following HTML page for the exercises.
1. Extent the function show in a way that it shows the content of all li elements.
2. Extent the function show in a way that it shows the content of all elements of the CSS class text.
3. Extent the function show in a way that it shows the content of the second paragraph. Use exclusively getElementsByTagName.
# JavaScript/First program

Here is a single JavaScript statement, which creates a pop-up dialog saying "Hello World!":
For the browser to execute the statement, it must be placed inside a HTML <script> element. This element describes which part of the HTML code contains executable code. It will be described in further detail later.
The <script> element should then be nested inside the <head> element of an HTML document. Assuming the page is viewed in a browser that has JavaScript enabled, the browser will execute (carry out) the statement as the page is loading.
This basic 'Hello World' program can then be used as a starting point for any new program that you need to create.

## Exercises

1. Copy and paste the basic program into a file, and save it on your hard disk as 'exercise_1-1.html'. You can run it in different ways:
* By going to the file with a file manager and opening it using a web browser.
* By starting your browser and then opening the file from the menu.
* By starting your browser and then specify the URL to 'exercise_1-1.html' with the file protocol. Please note that a) there are 3 slashes after 'file:' and b) replace 'temp' with the name of your directory.
** Windows: file:///C:/temp/exercise_1-1.html (it's Windows syntax, nevertheless use slash instead of backslash)
** Linux: file:///temp/exercise_1-1.html
What happens?
2. Save the above file as 'exercise_1-2.html'. Replace the double quotes in the line alert("Hello World!"); with single quotes, so it reads alert('Hello World!'); and save the result. If you open this file in the browser, what happens?
# JavaScript/Finding elements

To work with nodes of the DOM tree, you need to locate them directly or navigate to them beginning at a starting point. DOM's Document interface serves as an entry point into the web page's content. It offers a rich set of properties and methods to reach particular nodes. The methods return single nodes or an array of nodes.
Clicking on the button invokes the function show. The examples should be included there.

## Using ID

An easy-to-use, fast, and exact method to locate an individual element is to mark the element with the id property in the HTML, e.g., <p id="p2">, and use this id as the parameter to getElementById. The following code snippet will locate the element and displays its content.
The getElementById method returns one single element (the first with this id if the id is not unique).
That is also true if the element is not a text node but a node with child nodes. The return value is a single element with all its child elements included.

## Using tag name

Another way to find elements on an HTML page is the getElementsByTagName method. It accepts a tag name, e.g., 'h1', 'div', or 'p', and returns all such elements in an array.
Here, we use the method to retrieve an array of all 'div' elements.

## Using class name

Next, elements can be located by an associated CSS class selector. Class selectors can have a complex syntax. Here, we use only the simple form of class names.
The example retrieves all elements that use the CSS class text - what is done by the 3 paragraphs of the first div. Please note, that the other paragraphs are not retrieved.

## Using a query selector

The shown locating methods use specialized semantics to locate elements. But there is also a general method that combines all of that - plus more.
Query selectors use a complex syntax consisting of HTML element ids, HTML element names, HTML attributes, CSS classes, positions, and more. They locate single elements or a list of elements. To retrieve the first element which satisfies the selector, use the querySelector method. If you want to retrieve all matching elements, use querySelectorAll.

## Navigating the DOM tree

You can navigate in the DOM tree in the direction from the root to the leaves. This is done by locating an element and using this node as the new root for the following navigation steps.

## See also

* DOM methods

## Exercises

    ... are available on another page (click here).
# JavaScript/Forms

Many users are familiar with filling out forms on a web page and then hitting the "submit" button. There are at least two ways JavaScript can improve this process:
* JavaScript can be used to check the data before it is sent to the server.
** JavaScript can pre-validate the data, to catch common errors and suggest improvements immediately while the user is filling out the form, before the user clicks the "submit" button.
** JavaScript can take text typed into a text area and pre-render it in a separate area of the page, so people can see how it will be rendered and formatted before clicking the "preview" button.
** JavaScript can give a live wordcount or character count of text typed into a text area.
* Sometimes a web site does a "online" calculation involving only a small amount of data and returns the result to the user. In this case, JavaScript can intercept the "submit" button, do the entire calculation locally in the browser. The user gets the results more or less immediately, rather than waiting for the data he typed in to be sent to the server, waiting for the server to get around to processing that data, and waiting for the data to come back from the server.
Many people recommend keeping all the content accessible to people with disabilities and to people who have JavaScript turned off. One way to do that is to start with standard HTML forms, and then add unobtrusive JavaScript to improve the user experience to people who have JavaScript turned on. The system should degrade gracefully, keeping all the content available (and validating user data, if necessary), whether or not any or all of the JavaScript runs successfully.

## Further reading

* JavaScript/Working With Files mentions one use of HTML forms
* HyperText Markup Language/Forms explains how to write "plain" forms without JavaScript.

## References

* ↑ "How can I display the HTML content of a Text Area within a div as HTML content and not text?"
* ↑ Andrey Fedoseev. "jQuery plugin to add realtime preview panel to text areas, similar to StackOverflow edit interface"
* ↑ Guillaume DE LA RUE. "A Markdown live editor in JS".
* ↑ Sacha Schmid. JavaScript word count
* ↑ Drew Schrauf. "JavaScript Wordcount That Works".
* ↑ "JavaScript word-count for any given DOM element"
* ↑ Jake Rocheleau. "Building a Live Text area Character Count Limit with CSS3 and jQuery"