OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pakistani History/Prehistory/Palaeolithic Age
## Lower Palaeolithic Age

Pakistan can trace its history all the way back to the Palaeolithic or the Old Stone Age. The most notable archaeological site is found at Riwat in Punjab where evidence of the earliest Homo migration and occupation outside Africa can be found. Also present in its vicinity, at the Soan Valley, are traces of one of the major Lower Palaeolithic techno-complexes from the Indian subcontinent.

### Riwat (ca. 1.9 million — 45,000 years ago)

Riwat (or Rawat) near Murree is a Lower Paleolithic site in Punjab, Pakistan. This site provides evidences of the earliest Homo occupation outside Africa and dates back to 1.9 million years ago. The site was discovered in 1983. The artefacts found at the site consist of flakes and cores made on quartzite. Another site at Riwat shows a later occupation dating back to around 45,000 years ago.

### Soanian culture (ca. 500,000 — 125,000 years ago)

The Soanian (also spelt Sohanian) culture is spread across sites that are found along the Sivalik region of the present-day Pakistan, India and Nepal. The Sivalik region runs from Bhutan and Bangladesh in the east through southern Nepal, northern India and northern Pakistan at their western extremities, roughly parallel to the Himalayan range. The culture was first identified and named by Dr Hellmut de Terra in 1936.
The ancient Soanian culture is characterised by the various edged pebble tools, like hand axes and cleavers, discovered in the Soan terrace between Adiala and Khasala, situated about 16 km (9.9 mi) from Rawalpindi. The Soanian culture is a contemporary of another Lower Palaeolithic culture, the Acheulean.
Tools dating back 2 million years have been recovered from the Soan terrace. Many fossil-bearing rocks are exposed at the surface in the Soan River gorges. Fossils of gazelles, rhinoceros, crocodiles, giraffes and rodents dating back 14 million years have also been found here. A sample of these fossils are displayed at the Pakistan Museum of Natural History in Islamabad.

## References

* ↑ Lycett, Stephen J. (September 2007). "Is the Soanian techno-complex a Mode 1 or Mode 3 phenomenon? A morphometric assessment" (PDF). Journal of Archaeological Science. 34 (9): 1434–1440. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2006.11.001. Retrieved 23 August 2015.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
* ↑ Chauhan, Parth R. (2013). "An Overview of the Siwalik Acheulian & Reconsidering Its Chronological Relationship with the Soanian – A Theoretical Perspective". Assemblage. University of Sheffield (7). Retrieved 23 August 2015.
* ↑ De Terra, Hellmut (1969). MacCurdy, George Grant (ed.). Early man: as depicted by leading authorities at the International symposium, the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, March 1937. ISBN 978-0-8369-1184-8. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
# Pakistani Studies
## Contents
### Overview

* About
* History
* Politics
* Geography
* Economy
* Culture

## External links

* Official Website of the Government of Pakistan
* Official Website of the President of Pakistan
* Official Information Website of Pakistan
* CIA Factbook information
* World Bank data on Pakistan
* Common Language Project Country Fact Sheet - Pakistan
* Higher Education Commission Pakistan
* Pakistan Provinces and Cities Data
* Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies
* Pakistaniaat Forum
# Pakistani History/Islamic Republic of Pakistan

The Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the fifth-most populous country, with a population of over 241.5 million, having the second-largest Muslim population as of 2023. Islamabad is the nation's capital, while Karachi is its largest city and financial centre. Pakistan is the 33rd-largest country by area and the ninth-largest in Asia. Bounded by the Arabian Sea on the south, the Gulf of Oman on the southwest, and the Sir Creek on the southeast, it shares land borders with India to the east; Afghanistan to the west; Iran to the southwest; and China to the northeast. It shares a maritime border with Oman in the Gulf of Oman, and is separated from Tajikistan in the northwest by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor.
Pakistan is the site of several ancient cultures, including the 8,500-year-old Neolithic site of Mehrgarh in Balochistan, the Indus Valley civilisation of the Bronze Age, and the ancient Gandhara civilisation. The regions that compose the modern state of Pakistan were the realm of multiple empires and dynasties, including the Achaemenid, the Maurya, the Kushan, the Gupta; the Umayyad Caliphate in its southern regions, the Samma, the Hindu Shahis, the Shah Miris, the Ghaznavids, the Delhi Sultanate, the Mughals, and most recently, the British Raj from 1858 to 1947.
Spurred by the Pakistan Movement, which sought a homeland for the Muslims of British India, and election victories in 1946 by the All-India Muslim League, Pakistan gained independence in 1947 after the Partition of the British Indian Empire, which awarded separate statehood to its Muslim-majority regions and was accompanied by an unparalleled mass migration and loss of life. Initially a Dominion of the British Commonwealth, Pakistan officially drafted its constitution in 1956, and emerged as a declared Islamic republic. In 1971, the exclave of East Pakistan seceded as the new country of Bangladesh after a nine-month-long civil war. In the following four decades, Pakistan has been ruled by governments whose descriptions, although complex, commonly alternated between civilian and military, democratic and authoritarian, relatively secular and Islamist.
Pakistan is considered a middle power nation, with the world's sixth-largest standing armed forces. It is a declared nuclear-weapons state, and is ranked amongst the emerging and growth-leading economies, with a large and rapidly-growing middle class. Pakistan's political history since independence has been characterized by periods of significant economic and military growth as well as those of political and economic instability. It is an ethnically and linguistically diverse country, with similarly diverse geography and wildlife. The country continues to face challenges, including poverty, illiteracy, corruption, and terrorism. Pakistan is a member of the United Nations, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Commonwealth of Nations, the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, and the Islamic Military Counter-Terrorism Coalition, and is designated as a major non-NATO ally by the United States.
# Pakistani Studies/About

Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاکستان), is a country located in South Asia that overlaps with the Greater Middle East. It has a thousand-kilometre coastline along the Arabian Sea in the south and borders Afghanistan and Iran to the west, India to the east and the People's Republic of China in the far northeast. The Kashmir region is claimed by India and Pakistan. Both countries and China separately administer parts of the region with the Indian- and Pakistani-held areas defined by the Line of Control. The Pakistan–China border is not recognized by India.
Pakistan is the sixth most populous country in the world and is the second most populous Muslim country. It was established as a modern state in 1947, as one of the two parts of the partitioned British India, but the region has a long history of settlement and civilisation including the Indus Valley Civilisation. The region was invaded by Persians, Greeks, Arabs, Turks, Mongols, Afghans, and was incorporated into the British Raj in the nineteenth century. Since independence, Pakistan has experienced times of significant military and economic growth, and periods of instability, with the secession of East Pakistan (present-day Bangladesh). Pakistan is a declared nuclear weapons state.

## Etymology

The name "Pakistan" means "Land of the Pure" in Urdu and Persian. It was coined in 1933 by Choudhary Rahmat Ali, who published it in the pamphlet Now or Never as an acronym of the names of the "Muslim homelands" of western India — P for Punjab, A for Afghania (the Afghan (Pashtun) areas in the Northwest Frontier Province), K for Kashmir, S for Sindh and tan for Balochistan. The i was later added to the name since in Urdu, the national language of Pakistan, "istan" refers to "land of" while "pak" means pure. Officially, the nation was founded as the Dominion of Pakistan in 1947, and was renamed as the Islamic Republic of Pakistan in 1957.
# Pakistani History/Prehistory/Iron Age/Vedic period

In the history of South Asia, the Vedic period (or the Vedic age; ca. 1500–500 BCE) was the period during which the Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, were composed.
During the early part of the Vedic period, the Indo-Aryans settled into northern India, bringing with them their specific religious traditions. The associated culture (sometimes referred to as Vedic civilization) was initially a tribal, pastoral society centred in the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent (which is now Pakistan); it spread after 1200 BCE to the Ganges Plain, as it was shaped by increasing settled agriculture, a hierarchy of four social classes, and the emergence of monarchical, state-level polities.
# Persian/Lesson 14

| | فارسی (‹fârsi›, “Persian”) Learn the Persian language Contents • Introduction Persian Alphabet lessons: 1 ( ۱ ) • 2 ( ۲ ) • 3 ( ۳ ) • 4 ( ۴ ) Elementary grammar: 5 ( ۵ ) • 6 ( ۶ ) • 7 ( ۷ ) • 8 ( ۸ ) • 9 ( ۹ ) 10 ( ۱۰ ) • 11 ( ۱۱ ) • 12 ( ۱۲ ) • 13 ( ۱۳ ) • 14 ( ۱۴ ) • 15 ( ۱۵ ) Intermediate: 16 ( ۱۶ ) • 17 ( ۱۷ ) • 18 ( ۱۸ ) • 19 ( ۱۹ ) • 20 ( ۲۰ ) 21 ( ۲۱ ) • 22 ( ۲۲ ) • 23 ( ۲۳ ) • 24 ( ۲۴ ) • 25 ( ۲۵ ) • 26 ( ۲۶ ) Advanced: Appendix: Alphabet • Glossary • Handwriting |
| To continue, your computer must display Persian. The box below should show these Persian letters on the far right: ا ب پ ت ث ج چ ح خ د ذ ر ز ژ س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ک گ ل م ن و ه ی If they are different or in the wrong order, see Persian Computing. |||
    درس 14 - les 14
    سگ - hond
    حيوان - dieren
    مهربان - aardig
    گوسسفند - schaap
    گرگ - wolf
    رفتن - gaan
    آمدن - komen
    برگشتن - terugkomen
    ديدن - zien
    ترس - bang
    ترسيدن - bang zijn
    گفتن - zeggen
    گردش - picknick, wandeling
    گردش كردن - picknicken
    نزديك - dichtbij
    پدر بزرگ - opa
    زري - Zari meisjesnaam
    نزديك شدن - dichtbij komen
    نگهداري - oppas
    نگهداري كردن - oppassen
    چوپان - herder
    يك روز اكرم و زري با پدر بزرگ به گردش رفتند - Akram en Zari gingen met opa wandelen
    در راه يك سگ چوپان ديدند - Onderweg zagen zij een herdershond
    كه از گوسفندان نگهداري مي كرد - Zij pasten op de schapen
    گرگ اجازه نداشت به گوسفندان نزديك شود - Een wolf mag niet bij de schapen komen
    گرگ از سگ چوپان مي ترسدو به آنها نزديك نمي شود - Een wolf is bang voor de herdershond en komt niet dichtbij hen
    پدر بزرگ گفت: سگ حيوان خوب و با وفا است - Opa zegt dat het een trouwe hond is
    تكليف شب . جمله بسازيد - huiswerk
    چوپان . ترس . سك گوسفند - zin maken
    فعل بسازيد . گردش كردن . ترسيدن . رفتن werkwoord vervoegen

## Light verbs

Most verbs in Persian are light verbs. There are relatively few simple verbs still in use.
* یاد گرفتن ‹yâd gereftan› (“to learn”)
* کار داشتن ‹kâr dâštan› (“to be busy”) (“to have work”), e.g. کار دارم ‹kâr dâram› (“I’m busy.”)
* کار کردن ‹kâr kardan› (“to do work”)
* پیدا شدن ‹peydâ šodan› (“to become found”)
* گوش دادن ‹guš dâdan› (“to give ear (listen)”)
* خوب بودن ‹xub budan› (“to be good”)
Some light verbs are active vs. passive in pairs with کردن vs. شدن (e.g. تلفن کردن, تمیر کردن, گریه کردن, فراموش کردن, فکر کردن)
* کلیدم را گم کردم. ‹kelidamow gom kardam› (“I lost my key.”)
* کلیدم گم شد. ‹kelidam gom šod› (“My key was lost.”)
* Contents • Introduction
* Persian Alphabet lessons: 1 ( ۱ ) • 2 ( ۲ ) • 3 ( ۳ ) • 4 ( ۴ )
* Elementary grammar: 5 ( ۵ ) • 6 ( ۶ ) • 7 ( ۷ ) • 8 ( ۸ ) • 9 ( ۹ )
* 10 ( ۱۰ ) • 11 ( ۱۱ ) • 12 ( ۱۲ ) • 13 ( ۱۳ ) • 14 ( ۱۴ ) • 15 ( ۱۵ )
* Intermediate: 16 ( ۱۶ ) • 17 ( ۱۷ ) • 18 ( ۱۸ ) • 19 ( ۱۹ ) • 20 ( ۲۰ )
* 21 ( ۲۱ ) • 22 ( ۲۲ ) • 23 ( ۲۳ ) • 24 ( ۲۴ ) • 25 ( ۲۵ ) • 26 ( ۲۶ )
* Advanced:
* Appendix: Alphabet • Glossary • Handwriting
This section of the Persian Language Wikibook is a stub. You can help Wikibooks by expanding it. (See the Persian course Planning page.)
# Persian/Lesson 17

| | فارسی (‹fârsi›, “Persian”) Learn the Persian language Contents • Introduction Persian Alphabet lessons: 1 ( ۱ ) • 2 ( ۲ ) • 3 ( ۳ ) • 4 ( ۴ ) Elementary grammar: 5 ( ۵ ) • 6 ( ۶ ) • 7 ( ۷ ) • 8 ( ۸ ) • 9 ( ۹ ) 10 ( ۱۰ ) • 11 ( ۱۱ ) • 12 ( ۱۲ ) • 13 ( ۱۳ ) • 14 ( ۱۴ ) • 15 ( ۱۵ ) Intermediate: 16 ( ۱۶ ) • 17 ( ۱۷ ) • 18 ( ۱۸ ) • 19 ( ۱۹ ) • 20 ( ۲۰ ) 21 ( ۲۱ ) • 22 ( ۲۲ ) • 23 ( ۲۳ ) • 24 ( ۲۴ ) • 25 ( ۲۵ ) • 26 ( ۲۶ ) Advanced: Appendix: Alphabet • Glossary • Handwriting |
| To continue, your computer must display Persian. The box below should show these Persian letters on the far right: ا ب پ ت ث ج چ ح خ د ذ ر ز ژ س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ک گ ل م ن و ه ی If they are different or in the wrong order, see Persian Computing. |||
In this lesson, you will learn about the comparative and superlative forms of Persian adjectives.

## Dialogue: ... ‹...›

... and... are talking....
| X: | ‹...› “...” | ... Missing audio. If you are fluent in Persian, record and upload your voice. | ...: |
| Y: | ‹...› “...” | ... Missing audio. If you are fluent in Persian, record and upload your voice. | ...: |
Explanation
    ... and ....
Vocabulary
* آقا ‹âqâ› IPA: /ɒːˈɣɒː/ — “Mr.”
* استاذ ‹ostâd› /oˈstɒːd/ — “professor”
* ی ‹ye, e› — “of” (see explanation of ezâfe below)
درس 17 les17
    هر روز - elke dag
    ديروز - gisteren
    فردا - morgen
    آفتاب - zonneschijn
    خورشيد - zon
    مهتاب - maanlicht
    ماه - maan
    خواهر - zuster
    خانه - huis
    روشن - licht
    تاريك - donker
    گرم- warm
    سرد - koud
    بزرگ - groot
    كوچك - klein
    خوب - goed
    بد - slecht
    شب - nacht
    روز - dag
    مسواك - tandenborstel
    حوله - handdoek
    صابون - zeep
    دندان - tanden
    از خواب بيدار شدن - wakker worden
    بابا صورتش را سشت- pappa wast zijn gezicht
    من مسواك زدم
    من مسواك زدم - ik poets mijn tanden
    ما از خواب بيدار شديم - wij worden wakker
    روز خورشيدزمين را روشن مي كند - overdag schijnt de zon
    شب ماه زمين را روشن مي كند - 's nachts schijnt de maan
    لاله دست و صورت خود را با حوله خشك مي كند - Laleh droogt haar gezicht met een handdoek
    خدا ما را دوست دارد - God houdt van ons

## Comparative adjectives

* بهتر ‹behtar› (“better”)

## Review

In this lesson, you learned comparative and superlative adjectives.
| Core vocabulary: {{{1}}} ‹{{{2}}}› IPA: [[:Media:fa-{{{1}}}.ogg|{{{3}}}]] | ...s: {{{1}}} ‹{{{2}}}› IPA: [[:Media:fa-{{{1}}}.ogg|{{{3}}}]] {{{1}}} ‹{{{2}}}› IPA: [[:Media:fa-{{{1}}}.ogg|{{{3}}}]] |

## Next: Lesson 18 ( ۱۸ ), Subjunctive

Continue to Lesson 18 ( ۱۸ ), Subjunctive >>
* Contents • Introduction
* Persian Alphabet lessons: 1 ( ۱ ) • 2 ( ۲ ) • 3 ( ۳ ) • 4 ( ۴ )
* Elementary grammar: 5 ( ۵ ) • 6 ( ۶ ) • 7 ( ۷ ) • 8 ( ۸ ) • 9 ( ۹ )
* 10 ( ۱۰ ) • 11 ( ۱۱ ) • 12 ( ۱۲ ) • 13 ( ۱۳ ) • 14 ( ۱۴ ) • 15 ( ۱۵ )
* Intermediate: 16 ( ۱۶ ) • 17 ( ۱۷ ) • 18 ( ۱۸ ) • 19 ( ۱۹ ) • 20 ( ۲۰ )
* 21 ( ۲۱ ) • 22 ( ۲۲ ) • 23 ( ۲۳ ) • 24 ( ۲۴ ) • 25 ( ۲۵ ) • 26 ( ۲۶ )
* Advanced:
* Appendix: Alphabet • Glossary • Handwriting
This section of the Persian Language Wikibook is a stub. You can help Wikibooks by expanding it. (See the Persian course Planning page.)
# Persian/Lesson 19

درس 19
    طاهره - Thohereh meisjesnaam
    حاضر - klaar
    بعضي - sommige
    عصر - middag
    - blij
    غمگين - verdriet
    اجازه - mag
    تشكر - dank
    شناخت - ken
    آموزگار - lerares, leraar
    معلم - lerares, leraar
    حياط - tuin
    وسط - middel
    قله - bergpiek
    كشتي - schip
    باغ - bloementuin
    تيغ - doorn
    عمو - oom
    ميوه - fruit
    من از ميوها سيب را بيشتر دوست دارم - ik vind een appel het lekkerste fruit
    مادر بزرگم باغ انار و سيب دارد - mij oma heeft een boomgaard met appels en granaatappels
    گلها در باغ تيغ داردند و بايد ما موا ظب باشيم - we moeten oppassen voor doornen in de tuin
    زنگ تفريح بود وما بازي كرديم - Wij spelen in de pauze
    وهمه در زنگ تفريح با هم آشنا هستند - in de pauze kennen alle kinderen elkaar
    وفاطمه وطاهره با صابون دست و صورت خود را مي شو يند - Tahereh en Fatimeh wassen hun handen met zeep
    تكليف شب - huiswerk
    جمله بسازيد - zinnen maken
آشنا - ظهر - درد - بازي كردن
    فعل بسازيد - werkwoorden vervoegen
دوست بودن - ميوه خوردن - تفريح كردن - خداحافظي كردن
# Persian/Lesson 20

    فصل - seizoen
    بهار - lente
    تابستان - zomer
    پائئز - herfst
    زمستان - winter
    گرم - warm
    سرد - koud
    هوا - weer
    شكوفه -bloesem
    عيد - feest
    عيد نوروز nieuwjaar
    برف -sneeuw
    چشمه - bron
    برگ - blad
    در بهار هوا خوب است - in de lente is het mooi weer
    وعيد نوروزاول بهار است - Het Iraanse nieuwjaar begint op de eerste dag van de lente
    در بهار درختان شكوفه ميآورد - in de lente hebben bomen bloesem
    در تابستان هوا گرم است - in de zomer is het weer warm
    وميوه ها در تابستان رسيده مي شوند - in de zomer rijpt het fruit
    در پائئز هوا سرد است وباد مي آيد - in de herfst is het koud en komt de wind
    ودر زمستان هوا سرد است و برف و با ران مي بارد - in de winter is het koud en komt er regen en sneeuw
    تكليف شب - huiswerk
    جمله بسازيد - zinnen maken
    فعل بسازيد - werkwoord vervoegen
# Persian/Lesson 21

21
    ايام هفته - naam van de dagen van de week
    شنبه zaterdag
    يكشنبه - zondag
    دوشنبه - maandag
    سه شنبه - dinsdag
    چهار شنبه - woensdag
    پنج شنبه - donderdag
    جمعه - vrijdag
    مـــــاها - naam van de maanden
    بهار - lente
    فروردين - farvardien
    ارديبهشت - ordibehesht
    خرداد - khordad
    تابستان - zomer
    تير - tier
    مرداد - mordad
    شهريور- shahrivar
    پائئز - herfst
    مهر - mehr
    آبان - aban
    آذر - azar
    زمستان - winter
    دي - dey
    بهمن - bahman
    اسفند - esfand
het alfabet:
    آا - a
    ب - b
    پ - p
    ت - t
    ث -s, wordt beschreven als de s van Soraya
    ج - dj, uitspreken als de engelse j in jungle
    چ - ch, uitspreken als engelse ch in child
    ر - r
    ز -z
    ژ - zj
    س -s
    ش - sj, uitspreken als de eerste twee letters van het engelse woord shovel
    ص - s
    ض - z
    ط - t
    ع - a
    غ - gh, klank tussen een k en h in, wordt achterin de keel uitgesproken
    ف - f
    ق - gh, klank tussen een k en h in, wordt achterin de keel uitgesproken
    ك - k, als de engelse c in cat
    گ - zachte k, als de engelse g in god
    ل - L
    م - m
    ن - n
    و - w, wordt soms als een oe uitgesproken
    ه - h
    ي - i, wordt soms als een nederlandse j uitgesproken
de cijfers:
    1 = (yek) یک
    2 = (do) دو
    3 = (se) سه
    4 = (cahâr) چهار
    5 = (panj) پنج
    6 = (šeš) شش
    7 = (haft) هفت
    8 = (hašt) هشت
    9 = (noh) نه
    10 = (dah) ده
    11 = (yâzdah) یازده
    12=(davâzdah) دوازده
    13 = (sizdah) سیزده
    14 = (cahârdah) چهارده
    15 = (pânzdah) پانزده
    16 = (šânzdah) شانزده
    17 = (hafdah) هفده
    18 = (haždah) هجده
    19 = (nuzdah) نوزده
    20 = (bist) بیست
    25 = (bisto panj) بیست و پنج
De tientallen:
    30 = (si) سی
    40 = (cehel) چهل
    50 = (panjâh) پنجاه
    60 = (šast) شصت
    70 = (haftâd) هفتاد
    80 = (haštâd) هشتاد
    90 = (navad) نود
De honderdtallen:
    100 = (sad) صد
    200 = (devist) دویشت
    300 = (sisad) شیصد
    400 = (cahârsad) چهارصد
    500 = (pânsad) پانصد
    600 = (šešsad) شش صد
    700 = (haftsad) هفت صد
    800 = (haštsad) هشت صد
    900 = (nohsad) نه صد
    1000 = (hezâr) هزار
    2000 = (do hezâr) دو هزار
    10.000 = (dah hezâr) ده هزار
    100.000 = (sad hezâr) صد هزار
    1.000.000 = (miliyon) ملیون
# Persian/Lesson 15

درس 15 - Les 15
    كشاورز - tuinder
    كشاورزي كردن - tuinieren
    اسب - paard
    گاري - rijtuig
    مي بندد - vastmaken
    استفاده - gebruiken
    سنگين - zwaar
    سبك - licht
    جواد - Jawad jongensnaam
    پدر - vader
    برنج - rijst
    گندم - tarwe, graan
    جو - gerst
    كاشتن - planten werkwoord
    مريم - Mariam meisjesnaam
    اين مردكشاورز است - die man is tuinder
    او اسب را به گاري مي بندد - Hij zet het paard voor het rijtuig
    او با گاري بار سنگين مي بدد - Hij trekt het zware rijtuig
    پدر جواد گشاورز است - de vader van Jawad is tuinder
    او برنج و گندم مي كارد - hij plant rijst en tarwe
    و مردم از آن استفاده مي كنند - en daar maken mensen gebruik van
    تكليف شب . - huiswerk
    جمله بسازيد: برنج گندم پدر كشاورز جواد - zinnen maken
    فعل بسازيد: كاشتن استفاده كردن كشا ورزي كردن - werkwoord vervoegen
* Contents • Introduction
* Persian Alphabet lessons: 1 ( ۱ ) • 2 ( ۲ ) • 3 ( ۳ ) • 4 ( ۴ )
* Elementary grammar: 5 ( ۵ ) • 6 ( ۶ ) • 7 ( ۷ ) • 8 ( ۸ ) • 9 ( ۹ )
* 10 ( ۱۰ ) • 11 ( ۱۱ ) • 12 ( ۱۲ ) • 13 ( ۱۳ ) • 14 ( ۱۴ ) • 15 ( ۱۵ )
* Intermediate: 16 ( ۱۶ ) • 17 ( ۱۷ ) • 18 ( ۱۸ ) • 19 ( ۱۹ ) • 20 ( ۲۰ )
* 21 ( ۲۱ ) • 22 ( ۲۲ ) • 23 ( ۲۳ ) • 24 ( ۲۴ ) • 25 ( ۲۵ ) • 26 ( ۲۶ )
* Advanced:
* Appendix: Alphabet • Glossary • Handwriting
This section of the Persian Language Wikibook is a stub. You can help Wikibooks by expanding it. (See the Persian course Planning page.)
# Persian/Lesson 18

* Contents • Introduction
* Persian Alphabet lessons: 1 ( ۱ ) • 2 ( ۲ ) • 3 ( ۳ ) • 4 ( ۴ )
* Elementary grammar: 5 ( ۵ ) • 6 ( ۶ ) • 7 ( ۷ ) • 8 ( ۸ ) • 9 ( ۹ )
* 10 ( ۱۰ ) • 11 ( ۱۱ ) • 12 ( ۱۲ ) • 13 ( ۱۳ ) • 14 ( ۱۴ ) • 15 ( ۱۵ )
* Intermediate: 16 ( ۱۶ ) • 17 ( ۱۷ ) • 18 ( ۱۸ ) • 19 ( ۱۹ ) • 20 ( ۲۰ )
* 21 ( ۲۱ ) • 22 ( ۲۲ ) • 23 ( ۲۳ ) • 24 ( ۲۴ ) • 25 ( ۲۵ ) • 26 ( ۲۶ )
* Advanced:
* Appendix: Alphabet • Glossary • Handwriting
18درس
    لثه - tandvlees
    دانه - zaad
    ستاره - ster
    پشت - achter
    جلو - voor
    ثريا - Soraya meisjesnaam
    كثيف - vies
    ممكن - misschien- mogelijk
    دهان - mond
    بيماري - ziekte
    مريضي - ziekte
    درد - pijn
    صحبت - gesprek
    موقع - tijd
    مزرعه - boerderij
    شروع - begin
    تمام - klaar
    جمع - samen
    خراب - kapot
    ظهر - middag
    مدرسه - school
    بچه ها - kinderen
    آوردن - brengen
    لذت - lekker
    باغبان - tuinman
    رضا - Reza jongensnaam
    اضغر - Asgar jongensnaam
    غذا - eten
    من مدرسه شروع كردم - mijn school begint
    ثريا مريض بود - Soraya was ziek
    من يك مزرعه زيبا ديدم - Ik zag een mooie boerderij
    اصغر و رضا ضهر از مدرسه آمدند - Asgar en Reza komen 's middags uit school
    ستارها در آسمان هستند - sterren zijn in de de hemel
    لثه و دندان رضا مريض است - het tandvlees en de tanden van Reza zijn ziek
    مدرسه اصغر نزديك است - De school van Asgar is dichtbij.
    تكليف شب - Huiswerk
    خمله بسازيد - Zinnen maken
    مدرسه - خراب - ظهر - لذت - باغبان
    فعل بسازيد - werkwoord vervoegen
    آوردن - مريض ششدن - لذت بردن - صحبت كردن
* Contents • Introduction
* Persian Alphabet lessons: 1 ( ۱ ) • 2 ( ۲ ) • 3 ( ۳ ) • 4 ( ۴ )
* Elementary grammar: 5 ( ۵ ) • 6 ( ۶ ) • 7 ( ۷ ) • 8 ( ۸ ) • 9 ( ۹ )
* 10 ( ۱۰ ) • 11 ( ۱۱ ) • 12 ( ۱۲ ) • 13 ( ۱۳ ) • 14 ( ۱۴ ) • 15 ( ۱۵ )
* Intermediate: 16 ( ۱۶ ) • 17 ( ۱۷ ) • 18 ( ۱۸ ) • 19 ( ۱۹ ) • 20 ( ۲۰ )
* 21 ( ۲۱ ) • 22 ( ۲۲ ) • 23 ( ۲۳ ) • 24 ( ۲۴ ) • 25 ( ۲۵ ) • 26 ( ۲۶ )
* Advanced:
* Appendix: Alphabet • Glossary • Handwriting
This section of the Persian Language Wikibook is a stub. You can help Wikibooks by expanding it. (See the Persian course Planning page.)
# Pinyin/Cod

Search Pinyin cod
Cod is popular as a food with a mild flavor and a dense, flaky white flesh. Cod's soft liver can be canned or fermented into cod liver oil, providing an excellent source of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and omega-3.
cod-yú shì chángjiàn'd shíyòng-yú, wèidào róuhé; yúròu mìdù gāo, piàn-zhuàng, báisè. cod-yú gānzàng róuruǎn, kě zào guàntóu huò fāxiào chéng yúgānyóu, hán fēngfù vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, hé omega-3.
# Pinyin/Cognitive

See also