OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Intelligence Intensification/Memory Techniques/A Longer Peglist

While rhyming peglists are simple to learn, they become ambiguous rather quickly as 11 rhymes with 7, 21 rhymes with 31 rhymes with 41, etc. The major system gives you a non-ambiguous way to generate as many pegs as you need.
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| 0 | | Tie | Noah | Ma | Rye | Law | Shoe | Cow | Ivy | Bee |
| 10 | Toes | Toad | Teen | Time | Tire | Towel | Teach(er) | Taco | TV | Tub |
| 20 | Nose | Net | Nun | Enemy | Nair | Nail | Notch | Nuke | Knife | Knob |
| 30 | Mice | Mat | Moon | Mummy | Mower | Mule | Match | Mic | Movie | Mop |
| 40 | Rose | Rod | Rain | Ram | Error | Roll | Roach | Rock | Roof | Rap |
| 50 | Lasso | Loot | Lion | Lamb | Liar | Hell hole | Leech | Lake | Leaf | Lip |
| 60 | Cheese | Cheetah | Chain | Jam | Chair | Jail | Cheech | Shock | Jiffy (peanut butter) | Jeep |
| 70 | Case (of beer) | Coat | Gun | Game | Car | Koala | Coach | Cake | Cough | Cap |
| 80 | Vice | Vat | Van | Foam | "Fore!" (golf) | Fool (jester) | Fish | Fig | Fife | VP |
| 90 | Bus | Bite | Bone | Bum | Bear | Ball | Peach | Bike | Beef | Pipe |
| 100 | Disease | Toast | Design | Dismay | Desire | Diesel | Dosage | Tusk | Adhesive | Toss-up |
| 110 | Tights | Dead head | Tighten | Totem | Tater | Total | Detach | | | |
* If you have not done so already study the number section these pegwords will not make sense without doing so.
* If you find any of these pegs difficult to remember, make up one of your own.
* Do not expect to learn the entire list at once. Start with 10 or so. When you can memorize a list of 10 objects with them, learn 10 more and memorize a list of 20 items. Then learn 10 more and so on.
* Once you have mastered 52 pegwords see the section on cards.
# Iranian History/Alexander's Campaign and the Macedonian Conquest of Persia

At the accession of Darius III, Persia was gripped by turmoil. Her empire might have been the largest in the whole world, however, Darius III appeared unequal to the task of governing it. As a rresult, the Empire crumbled rapidly, its downfall hastened by the invasion of a monarch from a small province of Greece called Macedonia called Alexander III, who became famous in history as Alexander the Great.

## Origin of The Macedonian Empire

Macedonia was a small principality located in the northern part of modern-day Greece. The Macedonian kingdom had been in existence since the 9th century BC, its first king being Karanus who ruled upto 778 BC. However, the first king of any note was Philip II who, during the 23 years that he ruled (from 359 BC to 336 BC) conquered the whole of Greece and the Southern Balkans and converted the kingdom into an Empire. During the later years of his reign, he carried his arms into Thrace and was elected to lead an invasion of Persia. But a few months before the supposed invasion was to begin, Philip was assassinated and Greece was gripped by civil war.

## Alexander III

On the death of Philip `II, a war of succession broke out amongst his sons. Alexander, a son of Philip emerged victorious and grabbed the throne crowning himself Alexander III. Soon after his accession, Alexander completed the conquest of Byzantium. He had also to deal with the widespread rebellion in Greece and the Southern Balkans which he put down with a firm hand. Having resolved internal problems and disputes in his Empire, Alexander started upon his career of conquests.
Alexander first conquered the Northern Balkans pushing back the Syths and other Northern barbarians and pushing back the frontier. Having secured his northern frontiers, Alexander crossed the Byzantium into Asia with an army of 42,000 and started upon his great Eastern campaign.

### Battle of the Granicus

Alexander reached up to Lydia virtually unmolested. The Persians gave battle on the banks of the Granicus river. The Greek Light cavalry and infantry charged at the centre of the Persian line. The centre was made of Persian nobles all of whom were killed in the ensuing battle. The Persian cavalry rushed to the aid of the centre thereby allowing the Greeks to enact a breach. The Persians were massacred in large numbers. Total casualties for the Macedonians were between 300 and 400. The Persians had 2,000 infantry captured, which were of the Greek mercenaries who decided to fight on after the Persian retreat; roughly 1,000 cavalry and 3,000 infantry were killed, mostly in the rout.
# Iranian History/Ayatollah Khomeini and The Islamic Revolution

The Iranian Revolution (also known as the Islamic Revolution, Persian: انقلاب اسلامی, Enghelābe Eslāmi) was the revolution that transformed Iran from a monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the revolution and founder of the Islamic Republic. It has been called "the third great revolution in history," following the French and Bolshevik revolutions, and an event that "made Islamic fundamentalism a political force ... from Morocco to Malaysia."

## References

* ↑ Islamic Revolution, Iran Chamber.
* ↑ Islamic Revolution of Iran, MS Encarta.
* ↑ The Islamic Revolution, Internews.
* ↑ Iranian Revolution.
* ↑ Iran Profile, PDF.
* ↑ The Shah and the Ayatollah: Iranian Mythology and Islamic Revolution (Hardcover), ISBN 0-275-97858-3, by Fereydoun Hoveyda, brother of Amir Abbas Hoveyda.
* ↑ An [[w:Iranian monarchy|]] is the kind of monarchy Iran was.
* ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica.
* ↑ Marvin Zonis quoted in Wright, Sacred Rage 1996, p.61
* ↑ Nasr, Vali, The Shia Revival, Norton, (2006), p.121
See Bibliography Section
# Java Persistence/Ebean/Example Model

Ebean uses JPA annotations
* Customer
* Order
* Order Detail
# Java Persistence/Databases

Most JPA providers will support any JDBC and SQL compliant database. Some JPA features requires database specific support.
JPA functionality that may be database specific include:
* schema creation
* pagination
* pessimistic locking
* generated ids and sequencing
* update and delete queries
* outer joins
* functions
* lobs
Depending on what database and JPA provider you use, these features may or may not work. Most JPA providers have a persistence unit property (persistence.xml) to specify the database platform the persistence unit will be accessing, and have built in support for a large set of database platforms. Some JPA providers will auto-detect the database platform, so setting the property is not required. Many JPA providers have extended support for various databases to handle different data types or handle functionality specific to the database platform.
Most JPA providers provide support for most popular databases such as, Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL, DB2, SQL Server.
    TopLink / EclipseLink : Have extended support for most databases, see FAQ, and have extended support for the Oracle database, see FAQ. EclipseLink will auto detect the database platform so no persistence property is required, but can be set using "eclipselink.target-database".
# DataNucleus AccessPlatform

DataNucleus AccessPlatform is a Java persistence solution, supporting JDO and JPA specifications, providing much more than a simple ORM provides.
The goal of DataNucleus is to provide support for persistence of Java objects using JDO or JPA APIs to a range of datastores. These currently include RDBMS, ODBMS, XML, ODF, Excel, LDAP, JSON, Google BigTable, Amazon S3, HBase, Cassandra and Neo4j. This range of possible datastores is by far the widest available with any JPA implementation, and in addition allows use of JDO metadata and persistence using JPA's API if required, or indeed use of JPA metadata and persistence using JDO's API, again more flexible than available with any other JPA implementation. To view further details about current capabilities of AccessPlatform, please visit the DataNucleus AccessPlatform website.
# Ebean

Ebean is a Java ORM based on the JPA specification.
The goal of Ebean is to provide mapping compatible with JPA while providing a simpler API to use and learn.

## Index

* Why Ebean
* Example Model
* Quick Start - examples
* Mapping via JPA Annotations
* Query
** Basics
** Future - Asychronous query execution
** PagingList
** Aggregation - Group By
* Save and Delete
* Transactions
* Caching
* Using raw SQL
# Java Persistence/Ebean/Aggregation - Group By

There are 3 main ways you can do "Aggregation" type queries (with GROUP BY and HAVING clauses).
* SQL
* @SqlSelect - Report Bean
* @SqlSelect - Normal Bean
* @Formula
# Java Persistence/Ebean/Aggregation - Group By/SQL

Using raw SQL with Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql) and SqlRow
# German/Level V

Lessons: Level I • Level II • Level III Level IV Level V
Grammar • Appendices • About (including print versions) • Q&A • Planning

## LEVEL V: REVIEW LESSONS

* Lesson 1 ~ Starting Point
* Lesson 2 ~ Berlin, Germany
* Lesson 3 ~ Vienna, Austria
* Lesson 4 ~ Bern, Switzerland
* Lesson 5 ~ Salzburg, Austria
* Lesson 6 ~ Zürich, Switzerland
* Lesson 7 ~ Hannover, Germany
* Lesson 8 ~ Bonn, Germany
* Lesson 9 ~ Innsbruck, Austria
* Lesson 10 ~ Bavaria, Germany
* Lesson 11 ~ Kiel, Germany
* Lesson 12 ~ Schaan, Liechtenstein
* Lesson 13 ~ Schaffhausen, Switzerland
* Lesson 14 ~ Deutschland, Österreich, und Schweiz
# German Law/Introduction

German law is the law of Germany. Germany's law system has considerably changed in the years after the first World War. Beforehand it was a monarchy with an emperor and a kind of parliament called "Bundesrat" (federal council). Do not confuse it with the nowadays "Bundesrat"! Then, in 1918/1919 Germany became a democratic republic. It got a quite liberal constitution ("Deutsche Verfassung von 1919" or -- mostly -- "Weimarer Reichsverfassung"). However, when Hitler became Chancellor he used the democratic system to erode it itself. The democratic republic changed to a dictatorship resulting in the second World War. 1945 WWII ended and the Allies intervened and took action in the legal system of Germany: They abolished laws from the Nazis which was not appropriate, mostly because it was racist. Then there was established the Parliamentary Council ("Parlamentarischer Rat"). It was constituted to form a new constitution. This happened in 1949 with the announcement of the "Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland" (abbr.: GG; Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany). So, Germany is a democratic and federal social state (Art. 20 GG). It is also governed by the rule of law but that is not stated literally in the constitution. It is deduced from the way of law-making, the separation of powers, the basic rights and a lot more.
The law system in Germany is -- in contrast to the English legal system -- an inductive system. That means that law does not derive from decisions of judges but from the parliament. Although that is the main source of law today in the English legal system as well, there are differences. Judges in Germany are not allowed not to apply laws from the parliament -- even when they think it is not just. They can only ask the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany to declare it unconstitutional.

## Explanatory notes

In this book it can happen that there will be used the German system of referencing to laws. Therefore here is an overview:
| abbr./sign | German meaning | English translation | explanation |
| Art. | Artikel | article | used to point out the importance or when there is needed an additional hierarchy |
| § | Paragraph | section | It is not literally translated. But they are used equivalently. |
| Abs. ... or roman upper numerals | Absatz | paragraph | The same as above. |
| S. ... or Arabic numerals (only when roman upper numerals were used for paragraphs) | Satz | sentence | |
| Alt. | Alternative | alternative | |
| Var. | Variante | alternative | Mostly used when there are more than two alternatives because "alternative" just means that there are exactly two options if you translate it literally from the Latin origin. |
| Nr. | Nummer | number/item | |
| lit. | Buchstabe | letter/item | |
# German/Level IV

Lessons: Level I • Level II • Level III Level IV Level V
Grammar • Appendices • About (including print versions) • Q&A • Planning

## LEVEL IV: ERWEITERTE LEKTIONEN

Section 1 ~ Kiel, Germany
* Lektion 1
* Lektion 2: Undeveloped
* Lektion 3: Undeveloped
* Wiederholung 1: Undeveloped
Section 2 ~ Schaan, Liechtenstein
* Lektion 4: Undeveloped
* Lektion 5: Undeveloped
* Lektion 6: Undeveloped
* Wiederholung 2: Undeveloped
Section 3 ~ Schaffhausen, Switzerland
* Lektion 7: Undeveloped
* Lektion 8: ~ Undeveloped
* Lektion 9: ~ Undeveloped
* Wiederholung 3: Undeveloped
# German/Level III/Markus Studiert

Lektion 1 | Lektion 2 | Lektion 3 | Lektion 4 | Lektion 5 | Lektion 6 | Lektion 7 | Lektion 8 | Lektion 9 | Lektion 10 | Lektion 11 | Lektion 12
Lektion Eins für Fortgeschrittene

## Geschichte 1-3 ~ Markus studiert

    Markus ist in der Universität. Er trinkt dort einen Kaffee und isst ein Brötchen. Danach geht er in die Bibliothek. Er sucht ein Buch über Biochemie. Er holt das Buch aus dem Regal und setzt sich an einen Tisch. Nach einer Stunde geht er in den Hof und raucht eine Zigarette. Danach geht er an den Tisch zurück. Er denkt: "Wenigstens eine Stunde..." und stellt das Buch wieder in das Regal.
This short story (Geschichte) is told in the 3rd person (see Grammatik 1-3). Note how this is apparent from both the pronoun (Er or "he") and verb forms.

## Vokabeln 1-3

   * Pronunciation Guide >>

## Grammatik 1-3 ~ Personal Pronouns

As in English, personal pronouns exist in three grammatical persons, each with singular and plural number. In Gespräch 1-1 and 1-2, you see only the singular versions. The table here gives also the plural (nominative case only):

## Grammatik 1-3 ~ Incomplete Sentences

What are we to make of short, incomplete sentences such as that in Gespräch 1-1: 'Und dir?'? This translates as: 'And for you?'. In English and German it is not always necessary to express every part of a sentence, especially in conversation where the words left out are easily understood by both or all parties. Walk up to a stranger and say 'And you?' and a possible response is a hostile 'Out of my face, fool'. But in the conversation between Heinrich and Karl, Heinrich knows that Karl is really meaning: Und wie geht es dir?, with that part underlined left out of the conversational statement. Note especially that the pronoun 'you' retains its case—its relation to the missing verb from the implied sentence—distinctive in German (that is, dir instead of du) but not so in English (the form "you" covers both cases).

## Übersetzung 1-2

Although these sentences involve many grammatical concepts that have not been covered, each can be written in German by referring to the example sentences and vocabularies in Lessons 1 and 1A. Using a piece of paper and pencil, translate each of these sentences into German:
* Hello Mark! Do you have a cigarette?
* Are you studying German?
* Catherine drinks coffee at a table.
* The students study at the library.
* He eats cheese and sausage in the courtyard.
* She looks for a book about biology.
* Mark goes back to the University.
* Mark removes the book from the shelf and places it on the table.
   * Antworten >
# German/Level III/Tour de France

Lektion 1 | Lektion 2 | Lektion 3 | Lektion 4 | Lektion 5 | Lektion 6 | Lektion 7 | Lektion 8 | Lektion 9 | Lektion 10 | Lektion 11 | Lektion 12

## Lernen 7-2 ~ Tour de France

(aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie) Die Tour de France ist eines der berühmtesten und wichtigsten sportlichen Großereignisse überhaupt. Seit 1903 wird die Tour alljährlich - mit Ausnahme der Zeit des Ersten und Zweiten Weltkriegs - drei Wochen lang im Juli ausgetragen und führt dabei in wechselnder Streckenführung quer durch Frankreich und das nahe Ausland.
Eine Tour de France der Frauen (grande boucle féminine) mit deutlich kürzeren Etappen wird seit 1984 gefahren. Sie steht medial völlig im Schatten ihres männlichen Pendants.

## Vokabeln 7A

Pronunciation Guide >>
# Marathi/Common Phrases

| Number | Marathi | Pronunciation |
| Greeting or Salutation | नमस्कार | Namaskār |
| Good Morning | सुप्रभात | Suprabhāt |
| Good Night | शुभ रात्री | Shubh Rātri |
| How are you? | आपण कसे आहात? | Āpan kase āhāt? |
| What is your name? | आपले नाव काय? | Āpale nāv kāy? |
| My name is _____ | माझे नाव _____ | Mājhe nāv _____. |
| Yes | हो | Ho |
| No | नाही | Nāhi |
| What time is it? | किती वाजले? | Kitī vājale? |
| It's nice. | छान आहे | Chhān āhe. |
| I am fine. | मी मजेत आहे | Miī majet āhe. |
| Did you have your meal? | जेवण झाले का? | Jevaņ jhāle kā? |
| Sorry. | क्षमा करा | Kshamā karā. |
| I apologize. | मी आपली क्षमा मागतो | Mī āpalī kshamā māgato. |
| Will you please speak a bit slowly? | कृपया जरा सावकाश बोलाल का? | Kripayā jarā sāvakāsh bolāl kā? |
| Where is the Bus stop? | बस थांबा कुठे आहे? | Bus thāmbā kuțhe āhe? |
| Hello | नमस्कार | Namaskār |
| Good | चांगला | Chānglā |
| Please | कृपया | Kripayā |
| Thank you | आभार | Ābhār |
| How much? | किती? | Kitī? |
| Where is _____? | _____ कुठे आहे? | _____ kuțhe āhe? |
# Mapudungun/Raguileo/Lessons/Story 1

Not sure how to write to the left of the glossary box...
| Glossary |
| Antv | - sun |
| 3 | |
| 4 | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 | |
| 8 | |
| 9 | - |
| 10 | - |
# Mapudungun/Raguileo/Pronunciation
## The Raguileo Alphabet

| A | C | Z | E | F | Q | I | K | L | B | J | M | N | H | Ñ | G | O | P | R | S | T | X | U | V | W | Y |

## Consonants

| C | Is pronounced like ch in chocolate. |
| Z | Is pronounced like a combination of the th in thing and a softened d. |
| F | Is pronounced like f in food. |
| K | Is pronounced like the k in Katherine. |
| L | Is pronounced like the l in look. |
| B | Is pronounced by saying L but having the tip of your tongue between your teeth. |
| J | Is pronounced like the y in yes. |
| M | Is pronounced like m in mouse. |
| N | Is pronounced like n in not. |
| H | Is pronounced like by saying n but having the tip of your tongue between your teeth. |
| Ñ | Is pronounced like the ny in canyon. |
| G | Is pronounced like the ng in sing. |
| P | Is pronounced like p in party. |
| R | Is pronounced like r in red. |
| S | Is pronounced like the s in singer or like sh in show depending on dialect. |
| T | Is pronounced like the t in type. |
| X | Is pronounced like the tr in train. |

## Vowels

* The vowel A is like the a in the English word father.
* The vowel E is like the e in the English word met or bed.
* The vowel I is like the ee in the English word see or the i in ill.
* The vowel O is like the o in the English word hot or the augh in caught.
* The vowel U is like the oo in the English word boo or boot.
The last vowel V is made by first trying to say i in the English word ill but instead saying the oo in English word boot.

## Semivowels

| Q | Is pronounced like the g in gut. |
| W | Is pronounced like the w in water. |
| Y | Is pronounced like the y in yes. |

## Audio

Ruka - house
Xewa - dog
# Mapudungun/Raguileo/Lessons/Seasons

pewv = spring
walvg = summer
xafkem = autumn, fall
pukem = winter
In the southern hemisphere the seasons are the opposite of the northern hemisphere.
# Mapudungun/Raguileo/introduction
## Introduction to the Raguileo Alphabet

History The Raguileo Alphabet was originally written by a mapuche poet and linguist named Anselmo Raguileo Lincopil. It has other names such as Grafemario Raguileo or Grafemario Mapuche.
Grafemario can be translated as "graphemic system" or "writing system".
Details The Raguileo Alphabet has 26 letters.
# Marathi/Common Colours

White = पांढरा , सफेद , शुभ्र
Black = काळा
Red = लाल
Yellow = पिवळा, लिंबु कलर
Blue = निळा
Orange = कॆशरी , भगवा , नारिंगी
Purple = जांभळा
Green = हिरवा
Pink = गुलाबी
Brown = तपकिरी
Golden = सोनेरी
Silver = चंदेरी
Reddish = तांबडा
# Assignments and Answers

TASK
* Develop an organizational profile indicating your capacity to deliver FOSS Training and Consultancy services to your target market.
* Explain at least one way a cash flow statement can be deceptive
# Linguistics/Sign Language
## Gestures vs. Sign Languages

Gestures and sign languages are distinct. There are several types of gestures:
* Iconics: They are a reflection of what the speaker actually says. For example, you could flap your arms when you say Birds can fly.
* Deictics: We use them when we point to something. You could point to a dog and say, it's cute.
* Beats: We tap with our hands or fingers in accordance to the rhythm of our speech, usually for emphasis. For example, a teacher may tap on the blackboard or her desk to highlight important words.
None of the above are similar to human languages like English or French. They do not express such a great variety of ideas, and are not systems of communication per se. They do not satisfy the unique design features of language, which we'll see later on. Sign languages are different: Sign languages are actual languages. They are made up of meaningful words and morphemes which themselves are composed of meaningless 'phonemes'. (Iconics, however, are sometimes linked to sign language, as we'll see below.)

## Manually-Coded Languages vs. Sign Languages

Sign languages are not, contrary to popular belief, manual representations of English or any other spoken language. They started out as, and continue to be, languages in their own right, with their own independent lexicon, syntax and morphology. Granted, words from spoken languages can be imported into sign languages, but the same phenomenon occurs between distinct natural languages.
However, manual representations of spoken languages, called manually-coded languages, are sometimes used for communication between the deaf and the hearing because it is far easier for a hearing person to gain competence in these languages. Signed English is an example of this. It is akin to speaking English with French words.
# Mario Adventure/Kuribo's Woods

This is world 4 of Mario Adventure.
# Mario Adventure/Starry Slopes

* Map Music: Doom Ship, then Coin Heaven after clearing the fortress.
* Level Music: Hills
Wow! World 5 is in outer space.Too many sparkling,shining and bright stars.I wonder how can Mario live in outer space without air (I mean oxygen).

## Coin Hunt

* Location: The fifth level from the start, the rightmost one you’ll see before scrolling the map.
* Time Limit: 300
To the untrained eye, it’s an easy level that ends with a giant wall that you can’t pass, thereby destroying your hopes of ever finishing the game.
In reality, you have to collect every coin in the level, then enter a magical door that appears near the start of the level. You’ll have to duck-slide to get a few of those coins. There’s a few spike-ball blowing piranhas here. The glass block can be used on the first one, and the flying koopa’s shell on the second and third, if you want.
I’m not a big fan of the bullet-bill part at the “end”. Just remember that they don’t launch if you’re next to or on them. If you start small, it would be helpful to get both power-ups (one at the start, and all the way to the right of the level) without taking damage.
# Mario Adventure/Warp Whistle levels

If you blow a whistle in Mario Adventure, you’re taken to a different bonus level depending on what world you were on.
World 1: A bunch of ? blocks. There’s two Fire Flowers and two Raccoon Tails to collect, as well as some coins. Keep in mind that only one power-up can be displayed on-screen at a time, and if you hit another ? block with a power-up in it, the first one will go away.
World 2: Battle Goombas up a hill, then slide down it (use Down to slide). When you slide to the bottom, press A on the music note block, keeping your momentum, and you’ll launch right up into another music note block. Continue this 5 times and you’ll get to the top, which has better prizes; an invisibility suit or a wand.
World 7: Takes you to the key.
World 8: Lots of prizes. Two Fire Flowers, two Raccoon Suits, and a Kuribo’s Shoe to boot (pun not intended). No wand though, which is what you need to fight the many Bowsers the easy way.