OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...c5/3. Nxe5
## 3. Nxe5!

In the sequence 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 c5, the move 3. Nxe5! is a good move for White. Here's why:
After 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3, White is attacking the pawn on e5. If Black then plays 2...c5, this does not defend the e5 pawn. Therefore, White can capture this pawn for free with 3. Nxe5!, gaining material advantage early in the game.
This is a basic principle in chess: to take advantage of your opponent's mistakes. In this case, Black's mistake was not defending the e5 pawn, and White can capitalize on this mistake by capturing the pawn with 3. Nxe5!.3...f6
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 c5? 3. Nxe5!
# ERP Internals/Modules/Payroll/Functions/Maintain Module Information/Modify GL Distribution

The GL Distribution parameters contain every General Ledger account number that the Payroll module can post to. This function allows the Systems Administrator or the Module Administrator to change those account numbers.
# ERP Internals/Modules/Pricing

The ERP provides six different prices for each item. The Pricing module calculates these prices based on pricing rules. Every ERP package has some form of Pricing module.
* Functions
* Reports

## Data Exchange

Pricing does not send or receive transactions to/from other modules.
# ERP Internals/Modules/Pricing/Functions/Maintain Module Information

Some parameters and data tables are used by every module. These are maintained by Systems Administration. But, every module has some parameters and/or data tables that it alone uses. Systems Administration can change this information but each module has a function "Maintain Module Information" that can change it as well. This allows segments of systems administration to be delegated to the senior person in charge of a particular module.
# ERP Internals/Modules/Payroll/Reports

* Checks
* Labels
# ERP Internals/Modules/Preventative Maintenance/Functions

Preventative Maintenance has the following functions:
* Maintain Unit Information
* Enter Transactions
* Generate Maintenance Schedule
* Maintain Module Information
# ERP Internals/Modules/Purchasing/Functions

Purchasing has the following functions:
* Maintain Supplier Information
* Find a Supplier
* Find a Purchase Order
* Create a Purchase Order
* Print Purchase Orders
* Maintain Module Information
# ERP Internals/Modules/Preventative Maintenance

Some enterprises own machinery that must be serviced to ensure maximum life and uptime. Preventive Maintenance collects the hours that machines have been operated and schedules service. Contrast this with Service Management. Not every ERP package has a Preventative Maintenance module although all the large ones do.
* Functions
* Reports

## Tables

The first table is the Unit table which contains one record for every machine requiring preventative maintenance and the second table is the Maintenance table which contains one record for every maintenance performed. There is at least one maintenance record for every unit and there can be many.

## Data Exchange

Preventative Maintenance does not send or receive transactions to/from other modules.
# ERP Internals/Modules/Preventative Maintenance/Functions/Maintain Module Information

Some parameters and data tables are used by every module. These are maintained by Systems Administration. But, every module has some parameters and/or data tables that it alone uses. Systems Administration can change this information but each module has a function "Maintain Module Information" that can change it as well. This allows segments of systems administration to be delegated to the senior person in charge of a particular module.
# ERP Internals/Modules/Pricing/Functions

Pricing has the following functions:
* Maintain Customer Discounts
* Maintain Module Information
# Chronicles of Narnia/Introduction

Welcome to the Chronicles of Narnia, a collaborative effort towards providing an extensive guidebook to the Narnia series. This book is under development at Wikibooks, a site providing a collection of open-content textbooks. Anyone can edit this book, and all who are interested in helping out the project are encouraged to be bold and dive right in to make this one of the most useful books on Narnia anywhere.

## What This Book Will Cover

This book wishes to provide in-depth analysis and specific detailing of all things in the Harry Potter series. Readers should be able to learn more about the characters, places, and events than what is merely present in the books. Critical commentary on each chapter, character, place, and event is provided in an effort to help the reader better understand detailed content and realize possible underlying connections to a greater storyline.
This book is meant to cover only the actual series, the seven books that make up the actual story. This book will explicitly not cover the Narnia BBC TV productions, feature films, video games, fan fiction, or other authorized or unauthorized works in the same fiction universe.

## Where To Start

This book is built to handle several different levels of readers of the Narnia series. Therefore, the book has several pages available that detail suggested reading guides for specific levels of reading:
* Beginner - Readers who are new to the Chronicles of Narnia in general. This page should be used by readers who have read only a small amount of the Narnia books or are just interested in a general overview of the storyline and biographical information.
* Intermediate - Readers who have read most of the Chronicles of Narnia and are clued in to many of the principal characters and places. Analysis for characters, places, and events and detailed summaries of the books.
* Advanced - Readers who have read all of the series and are looking to develop detailed knowledge of much of the books' content and realize the greater picture. A slight step up from the intermediate level, almost every topic in the book is covered, providing a comprehensive view of the series.
# Chronicles of Narnia/Characters/Edmund Pevensie
## Role in the Books
### The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe

Entering Narnia on his own after Lucy, Edmund meets, and is enchanted by, the White Witch, who recognizes that he is one of the "Sons of Adam" whose coming has been foretold to end her reign. The White Witch promises to make Edmund King if he will bring the other three Pevensies to her castle. Returning to our world, he acts quite spitefully towards Lucy, first saying that he believed her story of Narnia, and then later denying it, with the end result that all four Pevensie children end up in Narnia. It is while they are at home with the Beaver family, some of Narnia's talking animals, that Edmund leaves for the White Witch's castle.

### The Last Battle
## Strengths

* He had courage and determination when it came to fighting against the witch of Narnia.

## Weaknesses

Edmund is portrayed initially as a very weak character, impelled in part (in the first book, The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe) by jealousy, specifically of the magical land Lucy has created or visited. Once he has had the truth revealed to him, however, he does mend his ways. This sudden changing of his character does seem a little unusual, a little forced.
Because he was then resident with the White Witch, Santa Claus is unable to provide the gift that had been prepared for him. The other three Pevensie children do receive quite valuable gifts which stand them in good stead in later adventures, but Edmund does not receive his, and we never find out what it would have been.
# Chronicles of Narnia/Frameworks

The frameworks below should be used with page layouts in the Chronicles. Note that when a spoiler warning appears below a header, it is intended that all the text of that subsection should fall under the warning.

## Book Chapter

NB: Technically a beginner should not access chapter summaries at all, so that's why {{spoiler}} is used instead of the beginner-specific version of {{Chronicles of Narnia/Beginner Spoiler}}.
# Chronicles of Narnia/Characters/Aslan

Aslan is the son of emperor-beyond-the-sea (even though we don't see him). He is the king and the creator of Narnia. He is also the all-knowing and the all-loving king. C.S. Lewis meant Aslan to represent Christ and Aslan's father to represent God. The children and the Narnians represent the humans and the witch represents the evil spirits that want to drag us to our bad side.
# Chronicles of Narnia/Characters/Mr. Tumnus

Mr Tumnus is a faun. He was the first person to meet Lucy when she entered Narnia through the wardrobe. He was later turned to stone by the White Witch but came back to life when the prophecy started.
# Chronicles of Narnia/Index

This is a topical index to the Chronicles of Narnia. You can improve the Chronicles by indexing more topics. A list of all modules in this wikibook can be found here.

## C
### Calormen

    Places/Calormen

## E
### Edmund

    see Pevensie, Edmund

### Eustace

    see Scrubb, Eustace

## N
### Narnia

    Places/Narnia

## P
### Pevensie, Edmund

    Characters/Edmund Pevensie

### Pevensie, Lucy

    Characters/Lucy Pevensie

### Pevensie, Peter

    Characters/Peter Pevensie

### Pevensie, Susan

    Characters/Susan Pevensie

### Pole, Jill

    Jill Pole

## S
### Scrubb, Eustace

    Characters/Eustace Scrubb
# Chronicles of Narnia/Introduction/Advanced
## Included Content

The Advanced reader should be knowledgeable in all areas of the Narnia series. No topic has been left unaddressed and all commentary/analysis is understood. Every page and section is accessible, including Greater Picture, to make sure that all aspects of the plot have been covered and understood in order to realize the full magnitude of scenes and relationships in the storyline.

## Excluded Content

Nothing is kept from the Advanced reader. The Advanced reader has free reign over all content in the Guide.

## What's Next

There is no step past the Advanced level. Advanced readers are asked to review analysis and questions to make sure content is understood. The Index page should prove most useful for reference purposes.
# Chronicles of Narnia/Characters/Susan Pevensie
## Strengths

Able to fight with bows and arrows.
# Communication Course/Signal Processing/Amplitude Modulation (AM)

Amplitude modulation (AM) occurs when the amplitude of a carrier wave is modulated, to correspond to a source signal. In AM, we have an equation that looks like this: Fsignal(t) = A(t)sin(ωt)
# Communication Course/Signal Processing/Phase Modulation (PM)

Phase modulation is most commonly used to convey digital signals. All high performance modems today use phase modulation. Similar to FM (frequency modulation), is Phase modulation. (We will show how they are the same in the next chapter.) If we alter the value of the phase according to a particular function, we will get the following generalized PM function:
sPM = Acos(2πfct + αs(t))
It is important to note that the fact that for all values of t. If this relationship is not satisfied, then the phase angle is said to be wrapped.
# Communication Course/Transmitting Medium
## Wires

Communication signals travel through wire as radiated electromagnetic wave to receiver

## Air

Communication signals travel through the air as radiated electromagnetic wave to receiver
# Communication Networks
## Preface

The purpose of this open book project is to provide a free text book about electrical (digital or analog) communication networks. It will be an accompaniment to the Communication Systems book, but will focus more on real-world implementation and less on mathematical theory. See the introduction section for more details.
This book needs help. This is a wiki, so you can help edit it.

## Table of Contents

* Introduction
* Authors
* Licensing

### Networks

* History of Networking
* Network Basics
* Network Topologies
* Cellular Networks
* Duplex Networks

### Analog Networks

* Circuit Switching Networks
* Cable Television Network
* Radio Communications

### Physical Medium and Digital Communications

* Local Loop
* Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
* Cable

### Digital Networks

* Parallel vs Serial
* Channels
* OSI Reference Model
* Error Control, Flow Control, Medium Access Control (MAC)
* Ethernet and Link Switching
* Internet
* Wireless Internet

### Hybrid Networks

* Analog and Digital Telephony
* Analog and Digital Radio
* Analog and Digital TV

### Routing and Packet Switching

* IP Tables
* Routing

### Network Protocols and Applications

* Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
* Internet Protocol (IP) and Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
* Ping and Traceroute
* TCP and UDP Protocols
* Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
* Network Address Translation (NAT) and Port Address Translation (PAT) Protocols
* Domain Name System (DNS)
* Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
* File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
* Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
* Ethereal (packet sniffer)

### Network APIs

* Berkeley Socket API

### Advanced Channels

* Multipathing
* Fading Channels

## Resources

* Glossary
* Resources
# Communication Networks/Analog and Digital TV
## Coaxial Cable

Coaxial cable has an incredibly high bandwidth (compared to twisted pair), and it distorts very little over long distances. For this reason, coax is able to carry a large number of analog television channels to a very large audience.

## Bi-Directional Cable

The original implementation of the television network only needed to move data in one direction: from the station to the homes. For this reason, a number of amplifiers were installed in the network that take the signal from the base station, and amplify that signal towards the homes. However, a problem arises when cable internet users want to transmit data back to the base station (upload).
The original cable TV network had a very large amount of available bandwidth, but it wasn't designed to transmit data from the user back to the network. Instead, the entire network was set up with directional amplifiers, that would amplify data going to the user, but wouldnt affect data coming back from the user.

## HDTV

HDTV is the next generation of television, and actually allows better resolution, larger frame size, and lower bandwidth than the traditional analog signals. Also, digital signals are less prone to cross-talk between channels, so channels don't need to be spaced as far apart in the frequency domain as analog signals are.
This chapter will discuss the next generations of the cable TV network.

## Channels

The TV channels in an analog TV scheme carry channels spaced every 6 MHz from about 150 MHz to 500 MHz. Below 150 MHz was considered originally to be too susceptible to noise, and there was simply no need to expand above 500 MHz. However, with the advent of cable internet, the system needed to be revamped.

## Bandwidth

A new band was set aside, from 55 MHz to 75 MHz, to allow traffic to be uploaded from the user. Also, another band was set aside, from 550 to 750 MHz to allow for cable internet downloads. A cable modem would be able to demodulate these two bands of data, without interfering with the TV signal.

## Problems

200 MHz of download bandwidth seems like a lot, but every household on a given line (and there could be 100 or more) all need to share this bandwidth, which can slow down the system, especially in heavily populated areas.
# Communication Course/Signal Processing/Frequency Modulation (FM)

If we make the frequency of our carrier wave a function of time, we can get a generalized function that looks like this: sFM = Acos(2π[fc + ks(t)]t + φ)
# Address Resolution Protocol

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a mechanism used by IP to find the hardware address of a host from an IP address.
When IP is trying to send a datagram to the Data Link Layer (layer 2), Ethernet will be informed to look for the hardware address, also known as MAC Address, of the destination in the local network. Since Ethernet is using hardware addresses to identify source and destination, ARP will be used to obtain the hardware address by broadcast the specified IP address. Then, the machine that matched the specified IP address will reply with the requested hardware address.
Figure 9: ARP broadcast

## ARP Packet Format

Similar to IP Packet, Each ARP packet field is explain as follows:
Figure 10: ARP packet
The image below is a snapshot of an ARP packet capture on Ethereal:
Figure 11: ARP packet captured from Ethereal
Notice the destination from Ethernet header is all 1s (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff). ARP is performing a broadcast in the above trace.
Here is another example for ARP to locate hardware address. “arp –a” command allows to display current ARP cache tables for all interfaces:
Figure 12: ARP Command for Hardware Address
IP allows datagram to transport across a large network, the Internet. However, if two nodes are going to communicate across the same Local Area Network (LAN), IP in layer 3 will not be needed because ARP with the Ethernet address is enough for the data transfer. Unless many different layer 2 communications are established across the internet, then IP and router will be forced to use. Layer 3 IP is usually only used when a communication goes beyond layer 2 and is required.

## Summary

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a mechanism used by IP that finds the hardware address of a host from an IP address within the local area network.
# Communication Networks/Analog and Digital Radio
## HD Radio

In the United States, analog radio broadcasts has been operating for many years in two distinct service bands: AM and FM. AM signals were relatively low frequency, measured in Kilohertz, and used amplitude modulation. FM radio stations were higher frequencies, measured in megahertz, and used frequency modulation.
Recently, however, a new type of radio broadcast was introduced, a digital type known as High-Definition (HD) radio.

## Spectrum of HD Radio

HD radio stations, because they are digital and therefore suffer fewer of the nonlinearity effects of analog modulation occupy a smaller bandwidth then traditional radio stations. To save space in the spectrum, HD radio stations are broadcast in the buffer regions between analog radio stations. Originally, these buffer regions were created because there was bleed-through between radio stations because of nonlinearities in the transmitters. Modern transmitters, in an effort to save energy, have mostly reduced these errors. Because of this, the buffer regions between stations are mostly unused and free from noise and interference.
Existing radio receivers can detect these HD channels, but an addition of a digital demodulator and signal reader is necessary to read them.
# Communication Course/Signal Processing
## Modulation

Sound, voice

### Types of Modulation

* Amplitude Modulation (AM)
* Frequency Modulation (FM)
* Phase Modulation (PM)
# English-Hanzi/Method

A method is a way of doing thing.
方法 是 做事 的 方式。
# English-Hanzi/Midday

Midday is noon.
正午就是中午。
# English-Hanzi/Milky Way

The Milky Way is a galaxy. It is a large group of stars, planets and etc, in which the Earth and our sun are part of it.
银河系 是 一个 星系。它是一大群恒星和行星等，其中地球和我们的太阳是它的一部分。
# English-Hanzi/Mediterranean

Special:search/Mediterranean prefix:English-Hanzi/
Special:search/sea prefix:English-Hanzi/
The Mediterranean is the sea which is surrounded by Europe, Asia and Africa.
地中海 是 被 欧洲，亚洲 和 非洲 包围 的 海。
# English-Hanzi/Microorganism

Microorganism is a very small living thing. It can only be seen by a microscope.
微生物是一种非常小的生物。只能用显微镜看到。
# English-Hanzi/Mineral

Special:search/mineral prefix:English-Hanzi/
A mineral is a nutrient in the body. It helps the body to keep healthy or to grow.
矿物质 是 身体 的 营养素。它 帮助 身体 保持 健康 或 生长。
# English-Hanzi/Metal

Some chemical elements are called metals. They are the majority of elements in the periodic table. These elements usually have the following properties:
* They can conduct electricity and heat.
* They can be formed easily.
* They have a shiny appearance.
* They have a high melting point.
Most metals are solid at room temperature, but this does not have to be the case. Mercury is liquid. Alloys are mixtures, where at least one part of the mixture is a metal. Examples of metals are aluminium, copper, iron, tin, gold, lead, silver, titanium, uranium, and zinc. Well-known alloys include bronze and steel.
The study of metals is called metallurgy.
一些 化学元素 被 称为 金属。它们 是 元素周期表 中 的 大多数 元素。这些 元素 通常 具有 以下 属性：
* 它们 可以 传导 电力 和 热量。
* 它们 可以 很 容易地 形成。
* 它们 有 一个 闪亮 的 外观。
* 它们 具有 高熔点。
大多数 金属 在 室温 下 都是 固体，但 不 一定 是 这种 情况。汞 是 液体。合金 是 混合物，其中 至少 一部分 混合物 是 金属。金属 的 例子 是 铝，铜，铁，锡，金，铅，银，钛，铀 和 锌。着名 的 合金 包括 青铜 和 钢。
对 金属 的 研究 被 称为 冶金学。
# English-Hanzi/Middle East

Special:search/Middle East prefix:English-Hanzi/
The Middle East is a region that includes the southwest of Asia and the northeast of Africa.
中东 是 一个 包括 亚洲 西南部 和 非洲 东北部 的 地区。
# English-Hanzi/Migrant

Special:search/migrant prefix:English-Hanzi/
A migrant is a person who moves to live from one place to another.
移民 是 从 一个 地方 移居 到 另一个 地方 的 人。
# English-Hanzi/Microscope

A microscope is an equipment. It makes very small things looks bigger, so that we can see clearly.
显微镜是一种设备。它使很小的东西看起来更大，所以我们可以看清楚。
# Haiku
## Contents

NB: This is not the final contents list. Please discuss this book in the discussion page before doing anything.
* Introduction
* Setting up Haiku
** On a Hard Drive
** On a PC Emulator
*** QEMU
*** MS Virtual PC
*** VirtualBox
** Troubleshooting
* Haiku Basics
** Introduction
** The Desktop
** The Deskbar
** Tracker
* Advanced Desktop Features
** Introduction
** Workspaces
** Twitcher
** Quick Switch
** The Team Monitor
** The 'Open With' Window
** Opening a File through Drag and Drop
** Clippings
** Add-ons
** Finding Files and Folders: Queries
* Internet and Networking
** Introduction
** Supported Hardware
** Setting Up Your Internet Connection
*** Using a Modem
*** Using Broadband
** E-Mail
*** Setting Up Your E-mail
*** E-Mail Programs
** Web Browsers
*** NetPositive
*** Mozilla Firefox
* Audio and Video
** Introduction
** Media Hardware
** Media Preferences
** Sounds Preferences
** Media Players
*** MediaPlayer
*** MidiPlayer
** Digital Cameras
** TV
** SoundRecorder
** CD Burning
* Preferences: Customizing your Desktop
** Introduction
** Backgrounds
** DataTranslations
** Devices
** DriveSetup
** FileTypes
** Fonts
** JoySticks
** Keyboard
** Keymap
** Mouse
** Printers
** Screen
** ScreenSaver
** ScrollBar
** Time
** VirtualMemory
** Workspaces
* Appendices
** Introduction
** Windows
** Menus
** Mouse
** Keyboard
** Shortcuts

## Contributers

* George Wyatt (Gwyatg)
* Ville Koskinen (w-ber)
# Mailing lists are the Hacktivist's Opinel

Mailing lists are:
* Simple
* Available
* Easy to use
* Reliable
* Efficient
However, they are pretty much a single-purpose tool. They are meant for one thing, and they do it good. Hence Opinel, not Swiss army knife.

## See also

* Mailing lists how-to
# This page gives a quick overview of what works for what and what to beware of

| | Good for | Not good for | Pros | Cons | Watch out for | Learning Curve |
| Mailing lists | Coordinating activities, keeping in touch with supporters, | Sharing large files, collaborative work on-line, recruiting new support | Simple, quick and cheap | Low visibility | Trolls | easy (Send and Reply email) |
| Wikis | Collaborative work | Tasks that require hierarchy and secrecy | Cheap, easy to use, transparent, in many cases much better than using e-mails, history area (nothing is ever erased) | History area all actions are documented | Spam | Steep (needs a tutorial - new people have difficulty embracing wikis) |
| Social networking sites | Keeping up-to-date on people, finding friends of friends who can assist, searching for people with specific skills, job searching | | | | People whom you do not know who want you to join their network for no good reason | easy |
| Forums | Discussing a specific question, expressing many opinions, moving towards a decision | Long discussions that last many weeks or months | | | "Flaming" wars: people getting emotional and upset about a topic. That is the time to move the discussion to another format (phone, face-to-face meeting) | easy |
| Shared Referencing | Finding out about links that might interest you, sharing links you identified, promoting links so others learn about them | | | | | |