OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bandiagara

Bandiagara (French pronunciation:) is a small town and urban commune in the Mopti Region of Mali. The name translates roughly to "large eating bowl"—referring to the communal bowl meals are served in. Mainly on its Bandiagara Escarpment it has about 2,000 speakers of the vibrant Bangime language, an isolate used mainly as an anti-language; it has the highest point of the country.
Bandiagara is 65 km east-southeast of Mopti. A seasonal river, the Yamé, flows in a northeasterly direction through the town. The population includes a number of different ethnic groups including Dogons, Fulani and Bambaras.

## History

Bandiagara is said to have been founded in 1770 by Nangabanu Tembély, a Dogon hunter.
In 1864, Tidiani Tall, El Hadj Umar Tall's nephew and successor, chose Bandiagara as capital of the Toucouleur empire.
It is the birthplace of Malian authors Amadou Hampâté Bâ, Madina Ly-Tall and Yambo Ouologuem.
In the music video for the song Reset by Three Trapped Tigers it is shown as the location of an alien rune.
As of 2018 the town remained insecure with attacks on hotels used by UN staff being reported. Nine soldiers were killed and nine wounded in an attack on a police station on February 25, 2021.
* The 19th century Maison toucouleurs in Bandiagara. Part of the Bandiagara Escarpment World Heritage Site in Mali
* Market stalls in town
* Dogon men
* Bandiagara in the early 1900s
# Dexterity (video game)

Dexterity, known as Funny Field (ファニーフィールド) in Japan, is a puzzle video game released by SNK for the Game Boy in 1990. The game consists of a square-shaped floor covered in seven rows and eight columns of tiles (56 tiles in total). The goal of the game is to flip all of the light tiles into dark tiles. There are several enemies as the level advances. The game has a total of 30 rounds.
# Weed identification

Weed identification may relate to
* History of plant systematics, the classification of plants
* Botany, the study of plants
* Taxonomy, the classification of living things
* Weed plant science
* Weed (disambiguation)
# Kampong Sungai Buloh

Kampong Sungai Buloh is a village in the north-east of Brunei-Muara District, Brunei. The population was 3,857 in 2016. It comprises the original village settlement as well as the public housing area STKRJ Kampong Sungai Buloh.

## Geography

Kampong Sungai Buloh is one of the villages in Mukim Mentiri, a mukim in Brunei-Muara District. As a village subdivision, it borders Kampong Salar to the north-east, Kampong Mentiri and RPN Panchor Mengkubau to the south, and Kampong Tanah Jambu to the west.

## Facilities
### Mosque

Kampong Sungai Buloh Mosque is the village mosque; it was inaugurated on 7 October 1983. The mosque can accommodate 370 worshippers.
# HMS Circe

Six ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Circe, after the Greek goddess Circe.
* The first HMS Circe (1785) was a 28-gun sixth rate launched in 1785 and wrecked in 1803.
* The second HMS Circe (1804) was a 32-gun fifth rate launched in 1804 and sold in 1814.
* The third HMS Circe (1827) was a 46-gun fifth rate launched in 1827, confined to harbour service in 1866, renamed HMS Impregnable in 1916 and sold 1922.
* The fourth HMS Circe (1892) was a torpedo gunboat in service from 1892 to 1920.
* The fifth HMS Circe (1939) was an auxiliary minesweeper requisitioned in 1939 and transferred to the Royal Australian Navy as HMAS Medea in 1942.
* The sixth HMS Circe (1942) was a minesweeper launched in 1942 and broken up 1967.
# Hypericum annulatum subsp. annulatum

Hypericum annulatum subsp. annulatum is a subspecies of Hypericum annulatum, which is a species of the genus Hypericum.

## Description

The subspecies has a single stem with many black glands. The leaves also have numerous black glands. Its sepals have cilia that are twice as long as its glands. Its petals are red tinged and also have black glands.

## Distribution

The subspecies can be found in Bosnia & Herzegovina, Macedonia, Sardinia, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, and Switzerland.
# The Ridings Centre

The Ridings Shopping Centre is an indoor shopping centre in Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England. It opened on 17 October 1983. The pioneering centre was a UK first and subsequently served as a template for many shopping centres throughout the UK.

## Stores and services

The Ridings Centre covers an area of 319,000 square feet (29,600 m$^2$) and has an estimated annual footfall of 11 million. The centre contains a number of retailers such as Boots, Marks & Spencer, Morrisons, Primark as well as a number of independent stores. The centre has three car parks (each assigned a colour) including three multi-storeys and a rooftop car park.
A five-screen Reel Cinema opened in the centre in 2019.

## History

The Ridings Centre opened on 17 October 1983. It included construction of a large complex to house the upper and middle malls along with the blue and red car parks. In addition to this, an existing open shopping precinct on Kirkgate originally opened in 1972 was roofed and extensively updated to become the lower mall, and the existing Almhouse Lane multi-storey was adapted to become the green car park. It was the first of its kind in the UK, containing features such as a food court inspired by shopping centres in the United States and its major popularity upon opening meant there were queues even to enter the centre.
The centre was extensively refurbished in 2008 at a cost of £2.5 million. The improvements included a redesign of the centre's entrances as well as new lifts (replacing the original glass wall-climber lift that was the first in the UK).
The Ridings Centre was purchased in 2015 by NewRiver. This was followed by a £5 million renovation in 2017 which included a new food court (since closed) and space for 'pop-up' shops.

## Awards

* The Ridings Centre won the award for 'European Shopping Centre Of The Year' on numerous occasions.
* In 2018 the centre won the Revo Purple Apple Marketing Awards, obtaining a Golden Apple Award.

## Transport connections

The Ridings Centre is located near Wakefield Westgate and Wakefield Kirkgate railway stations as well as Wakefield Bus Station. The centre is located near the A61 and the M1. Arriva Yorkshire have their headquarters and main depot located in Wakefield, on the A61, next to the Hepworth Gallery. Arriva are the owners and managers of Wakefield Bus Station.
# Jehan le Cuvelier d'Arras

Jehan le Cuvelier d'Arras (fl. c. 1240–70) was a trouvère associated with the so-called "school of Arras". He may be the same person as Johannes Cuvellarius from Bapaume, a suburb of Arras, who is mentioned in documents of 1258. He was the respondent in nine jeux partis and judge of six; he also composed six chansons courtoises. His six chansons are:
* Amours est une merveille
* Anuis et desesperance
* J'ai une dame enamee
* Jolivetés et joenece
* Mout me plaisent a sentir
* Pour la meillour qu'onques formast Nature
This last one can be approximately dated, since it is dedicated to Wagon Wion, sheriff (échevin) of Arras in 1265 and dead by February 1273. Cuvelier's chansons are predominantly heptasyllabic, although one (Pour la meillour) is decasyllabic and there are pentasyllabic lines in the others. All are in bar form with the exception of Amours est, which is AA'BB'CC'DE. The use of motives in the caudae is typical. Unusual for his place and time he favoured plagal modes, save for the authentic J'ai une dame. In the readings of the music for Amours est, Mout me plaisent, and Pour la meillour found in the Chansonnier Cangé (BnF fr.846), there is evidence of modal rhythm. Ligatures in Anuis et desesperance and Jolivetés also suggest the "free use" of modal rhythm.
Jehan de Grieviler debated Cuvelier in Cuvelier, un jugement and in Cuvelier, j'ain mieus que moi Gamart de Vilers addressed Cuvelier as "sire", an indication of his rank. Cuvelier's most popular debating partner was Jehan Bretel, who initiated six juex partis with him:
* Cuvelier, dites moi voir
* Cuvelier, et vous, Ferri (also addressed to Lambert Ferri)
* Cuvelier, or i parra
* Cuvelier, s'il est ainsi
* Cuvelier, vous amerés
* Je vous demant, Cuvelier, espondés
Bretel and Ferri joined up to propose a jeu with Cuvelier and the Tresorier d'Aire: Biaus sire tresorier d'Aire. Cuvelier also judged a jeu parti involving Adam de la Halle.
# 2018 WV1

2018 WV$_1$ is a very small asteroid and near-Earth object of the Apollo group that passed within 27,000 kilometers (17,000 miles) of the Earth's surface on 2 December 2018. It was first observed on 29 November 2018 by Hannes Gröller with the Catalina Sky Survey at Catalina Station on Mount Bigelow, Arizona, in the United States.

## Orbit

2018 WV$_1$ orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.97–1.11 AU once every 389 days (semi-major axis of 1.04 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.07 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic.
As an Apollo asteroid with an orbital period slightly larger than that of the Earth, its orbit is very similar to that of the Earth, indicating that the object could potentially be a piece of lunar ejecta, a fragment of the Moon that was ejected into space when a larger asteroid hit the Moon a long time ago.

## 2018 flyby

On 2 December 2018, the asteroid passed about 33,000 km (21,000 mi) from Earth, traveling 5.2 kilometres per second (3.2 mi/s) relative to Earth and briefly reaching apparent magnitude 17. This was the third-closest approach by an asteroid in 2018, and the 70th asteroid of the year that passed within 1 lunar distance of Earth. Its absolute magnitude of 30.1 indicates a diameter between 2.5 and 5.6 metres.
2018 WV$_1$ remained inside the Earth's sphere of influence from 27 November till 7 December 2018. During the flyby, its orbital period changed from 1.13 to 1.06 years.
At the time of its discovery, 2018 WV$_1$ had a 2% chance to hit Earth in early December 2018. The possibility of impact was ruled out soon after, as more data became available.

## Other flybys

2018 WV$_1$ passed within 0.38 AU (57,000,000 km) of Earth in December 2019.
The asteroid, when first discovered, was placed on the Sentry risk table. Further observations refined its orbit enough to remove it from the table on December 3, 2018

### Flyby gallery

* Its closest approach was between the Earth and Sun, so can't be observed.
* Animation of 2018 WV1 orbit around Earth Moon · Earth · 2018 WV1
* Animation of 2018 WV1 orbit around Sun from 2017 to 2021 Sun · Earth · 2018 WV1
# Jason Churko

Jason Churko is a Canadian musician centered in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. He is the guitarist and singer - sometimes the sole member - of the band Chords of Canada. Churko was the former frontman for Transistor Sound & Lighting Co. and is a former member of The Paperbacks. He has made guest appearances as a guitarist on the song "Gasoline" from the album Jimson Weed by Nathan, and with Winnipeg group Boats.
# Diamond tree

Diamond trees (tropostats) are a theoretical product of a future technology in molecular manufacturing that have been proposed as a method of long-term sequestration of atmospheric carbon into solid diamond products. There is growing interest in the conversion of sequestered atmospheric carbon dioxide into synthetic diamond, a process pioneered by a New York based company called Aether Diamonds. So far, the only method used for creating synthetic diamonds from carbon dioxide sequestered from the atmosphere is by chemical vapour deposition.
# Weed the People (book)

Weed the People: The Future of Legal Marijuana in America is a 2015 book written by Bruce Barcott and published by Time Books.
# Spring Valley Township, Monona County, Iowa

Spring Valley Township is a township in Monona County, Iowa, United States.
# HMS Clacton

Two ships of the Royal Navy were named HMS Clacton
* HMS Clacton (1904), an auxiliary minesweeper torpedoed and sunk in 1917
* HMS Clacton (J151), a Bangor-class minesweeper launched in 1941 and sunk in 1943
# Hypericum assamicum

Hypericum assamicum is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is endemic to India. Hypericum assamicum is one of two species of Hypericum in the section Hypericum sect. Sampsonia.

## Description

Hypericum assamicum is an erect, perennial or suffruticose (woody at the base) herb 20–40 cm (7.9–15.7 in) tall. The stems are terete with internodes 2–6.5 mm (0.1–0.3 in), shorter than or exceeding the leaves. The oblong to oblanceolate leaves are perfoliate, in pairs, thinly papery, up to 50 mm (2.0 in) long and 15 mm (0.59 in) broad, with glaucous undersides and obtuse to rounded tips. The margin of the leaf is entire, or rarely glandular-crenate, with dense, black glands. The leaves have broadly cuneate or rounded leaf bases. The flowerheads produce 12–18 flowers in corymbiform or subpyramidal branching patterns. Each flower is approximately 12 mm (0.47 in) with 5 sepals, 5 yellowish petals, and approximately 15 stamens. The cylindric to subglobose fruiting capsules reach 6 mm (0.24 in) in length with reddish-brown seeds, each seed 0.8 mm (0.031 in) long. It flowers and fruits between March and April.

## Taxonomy

Hypericum assamicum was described in 1971 by Samarendra Nath Biswas in Webbia, Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Geography. The type specimen was collected in Nowgong (now Nagaon), Assam, India in July 1848. It was named for its type locality, Assam, India.
It is placed in the section Hypericum sect. Sampsonia, along with Hypericum sampsonii, based on the combination of perfoliate leaves and vesicular-glandular capsule valves. Hypericum assamicum is distinguished from H. sampsonii by its leaves that are shortly connate-perfoliate at the base (vs. broadly perfoliate bases), spatulate-oblong unequal sepals (vs. oblong subequal sepals), petals shorter than the sepals (vs. petals as long as the sepals), ovaries with 3-parietal placentas (vs. 3-celled with an axile placenta), and subglobose to oblong capsules with rounded or obtuse apices (vs. ovoid capsules with narrowed to acute apices). The closest population of H. sampsonii to H. assamicum is approximately 850 km (530 mi) away.

## Distribution and habitat

Hypericum assamicum is endemic to eastern India. A 1915 collection noted that it was "common in jungles". It occurs at altitudes up to 1,200 m (3,900 ft) in riparian areas, open grasslands, roadsides, agricultural fields, and fallow places in the eastern Himalayas.
# The Record at Xiang King's Temple

The Record at Xiang King's Temple (chữ Hán: 項王祠記, Hạng vương từ ký) is a Vietnamese legend told in Truyền kỳ mạn lục by Nguyễn Dữ in the 16th century. It tells the story of Hồ Tông Thốc [vi], a Trần dynasty's mandarin who has an encounter with Xiang Yu in a dream.

## In Truyền kỳ mạn lục

The Record at Xiang King's Temple is the first story of Nguyễn Dữ's Truyền kỳ mạn lục collection, published in the first volume.
   Hồ Tông Thốc of the Trần dynasty, on a diplomatic trip to China, writes a poem at the temple of Xiang King to mock him of his defeat in the Chu–Han Contention. At night, in a dream, a man comes and invites Hồ to Xiang's palace. Xiang King welcomes him but complains about his mocking poem. Xiang justifies his defeat as the will of heaven and not by his own weakness. Hồ rebukes Xiang, citing the beheading of Song Yi, a capable general, the killing of Ziying, who had surrendered, the boiling of Han Sheng, an innocent man, and the burning of Epang Palace as causes of him losing popular support. Xiang answers that he killed Song Yi to save thousands of people from his hesitance, killed Ziying to avenge the Six Kingdoms eliminated by the Qin, killed Han Sheng for his arrogance and burned Epang Palace to disavow the extravagance of Qin Shi Huang and teach following generations of sparingness. Hồ further cites Xiang's burning of books and murdering of Emperor Yi as cruel acts while praising Han King for his restoration of uprightness and scholarship, which made Han King superior to Xiang. When Xiang is confounded by Hồ's words, his advisor Fan steps up and argues that good leadership is proven by followers' loyalty, like how Cao Jiu fought to death for Xiang, unlike how Yong Chi and Chen Xi betrayed Liu Bang. He continues to cite the suicide of Consort Yu as a proof of Xiang's dignity, in contrast to Lü Zhi who was adulterous or Consort Qi who was turned into a human swine. Fan uses Liu Bang's mockery of his own father's forthcoming execution, and his choosing of the second son over the first son as indications of his immorality. The advisor pleads to Hồ Tông Thốc to help his master clean his name from the dishonor he has unfairly suffered. The Trần's representative finds his arguments reasonable and agrees. After the party, Hồ parts way with Xiang and he wakes up as the sun rises. Hồ holds an offering at the prow of his ship before leaving.

## Historic significance

Truyền kỳ mạn lục is one of few books that managed to record a poem of Hồ Tông Thốc as most of his other works were confiscated by the Ming dynasty after their invasion of Đại Ngu and became lost.
# Jehanabad Court railway station

Jehanabad Court railway station is a railway station on the Patna–Gaya line under Danapur railway division of the East Central Railway zone. The station is situated beside National Highway 83 at Jehanabad in Jehanabad district in the Indian state of Bihar.

## History

Gaya was connected to Patna in 1900 by East Indian Railway Company by Patna–Gaya line. The Gaya to Jahanabad was electrified in 2002–2003. Electrification of the Patna–Gaya line was completed in 2003.
# Uzun oba

Uzun Oba is an archaeological excavation site in Azerbaijan. It is located on the right bank of the Nakhchivançay near the village of Aşağı Uzunoba in the Babək district.

## Description

The site was investigated during excavations of the international archaeological expedition Azerbaijan-France in 2015. Vali Baxşəliyev and Catherine Marro were the leaders of the expedition. The stratigraphic cut from 2 to 5 m deep was preserved during the excavation on the eastern slope of the site at 2 m high. During the excavation, painted ceramic pieces from the V millennium BC came to light. Such ancient finds are very rare for the region.
# Bactrianoscythris afghana

Bactrianoscythris afghana is a moth of the family Scythrididae. It was described by Pietro Passerin d'Entrèves and Angela Roggero in 2009. It is found in Afghanistan.
# Alfragide

Alfragide (Portuguese pronunciation:) is a parish in Amadora Municipality. The population in 2011 was 17,044, in an area of 2.51 km².
Its patron saint is Our Lady of Fatima.
In the extreme south of the parish is located the first IKEA store in Portugal as part of a major shopping areas of Lisbon. This shopping area also extends to the parishes of Buraca and, specially, Carnaxide (Oeiras).
* Apartment Buildings in Alfragide
* A typical example of architecture of the parish
* Location within the municipality of Amadora
# Developable mechanism

Developable mechanisms are a special class of mechanisms that can be placed on developable surfaces.

## Examples

Some well-known examples of developable mechanisms include the door on the Apollo Command Module and the cargo doors on the Space Shuttle. Both of these examples are single-hinge-line mechanisms. Note how in each case the joint axes are in line with the ruling lines of the surface. Images are shown on the right.
Origami uses developable surfaces because the paper can be assumed to not stretch. Action origami utilizes the movement of the origami.
Ortho-planar mechanisms are a subset of developable mechanisms where the developable surface is a plane and the links emerge out of the plane. Lamina Emergent Mechanisms are ortho-planar mechanisms (and hence also developable mechanisms) where the joints are compliant mechanisms. The same joints used to create lamina emergent mechanisms can be used to approximate developable surfaces

## Advantages

Developable surfaces are easy to manufacture and are found in many applications. Developable mechanism can be embedded within these surfaces.
Developable mechanisms are deployable.
Developable mechanism stow compactly during one position of the mechanism's motion.

## Mathematical Modeling

The motion of developable mechanisms can be modeled using traditional kinematics formulas. In rigid-body linkages, the shape of the rigid links does not change the motion.
# Spring Valley Township, Greene County, Ohio

Spring Valley Township is one of twelve townships of Greene County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,478.

## Geography

Located in the southwestern part of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Beavercreek Township - north
* Xenia Township - northeast
* Caesarscreek Township - east
* Sugarcreek Township - southeast
* Chester Township, Clinton County - southwest
* Wayne Township, Warren County - west
The village of Spring Valley is located in central Spring Valley Township.
The Little Miami River flows through Spring Valley Township. At the point where the river crosses the county line into Warren County is located Greene County's lowest point, 730 feet (220 m) above sea level.

## Name and history

Spring Valley Township was created in 1856.
It is the only Spring Valley Township statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# HMA

HMA may refer to:
* Hargrave Military Academy, a boarding school in Chatham, Virginia
* Harvard Musical Association, a private charitable organization
* Hawaiian Mission Academy, a school in Honolulu
* Heads of Medicines Agencies, network of medicines agencies within the European Economic Area
* Health Management Associates (Arkansas company)
* Health Management Associates (Florida company)
* Herd Management Area, area containing wild horses and/or wild burros, managed by the Bureau of Land Management
* High memory area, in DOS computers
* HMA (VPN), a VPN provider
* Honda Manufacturing of Alabama
* Hot-melt adhesive
* Khanty-Mansiysk Airport's IATA airport code
# Hypericum annulatum subsp. intermedium

Hypericum annulatum subsp. intermedium is a subspecies of Hypericum annulatum, which is a species of the genus Hypericum. It was described by Norman Keith Bonner Robson.

## Dispersion

The subspecies can be found in Northeast Tropical Africa, in Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan. It is also found in the Arabian Peninsula, in Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, and Qatar.
# Jed Hansen

Jed Ramon Hansen (born August 19, 1972) is a former Major League Baseball second baseman who played for three seasons. He played for the Kansas City Royals from 1997 to 1999, playing in 87 career games.