OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yalour Islands

Yalour Islands, also known as the Jalour Islands, is a group of islands and rocks 2.8 kilometres (1.5 nmi) in extent in the south part of the Wilhelm Archipelago. The group lies 1.9 kilometres (1 nmi) northwest of Cape Tuxen, Graham Land. Discovered and named by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, under J.B. Charcot. Named for Lieutenant Jorge Yalour, Argentine Navy, an officer of the Argentine corvette Uruguay which came to the rescue of the shipwrecked Swedish Antarctic Expedition in November 1903.
The rocks observed on the Yalours and surrounding areas are predominantly igneous intrusives that have cooled deep under ground. The main rock type is grey to black gabbro composed of small crystals of grey-white feldspar and black pyroxene. The rocks here were formed by much the same process that the rest of the peninsula was formed; the Pacific plate sliding under the Antarctic Peninsula in an ocean/continent subduction-type tectonic event. This process, called orogenesis, is one of the most common ways for a mountain chain to form. The Andres and the coast ranges of North America are other classic examples of this type of tectonism. The mountain building has nearly stopped though; it is only at the very tip of the peninsula and in the South Shetland Islands that the process continues. For the rest of the peninsula, it erosion and gravity's turn to shape the landscape.
About 8,000 pairs of Adelie penguins nest in the Yalour Islands.
* Kayaking near the Yalour Islands
* Kayaker near the Yalour Islands
* Adelie penguin in the Yalour Islands
* Kayaking near the Yalour Islands
* Adelie penguins in the Yalour Islands
# Andrija Otenhajmer

Andrija Otenhajmer (16 October 1926 – 26 March 1999) was a Yugoslav middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 1500 metres at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Əmircan, Qakh

Əmircan (also, Amirdzhan) is a village and municipality in the Qakh Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 567.
# Carex ferruginea

Carex ferruginea, the rusty sedge or rust-coloured sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to the Alps, the southern Carpathians, and the western Balkan Peninsula, and has been introduced to the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is a glacial relict species.
# Canton of La Couronne

The canton of La Couronne is an administrative division of the Charente department, southwestern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in La Couronne.
It consists of the following communes:
* La Couronne
* Nersac
* Puymoyen
* Saint-Michel
# Canton of La Courtine

The Canton of La Courtine is a former canton situated in the Creuse département and in the Limousin region of central France. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 9 communes, which joined the canton of Auzances in 2015. It had 1,678 inhabitants (2012).

## Geography

A farming area, with the town of La Courtine, in the arrondissement of Aubusson, at its centre. The altitude varies from 595m (Clairavaux) to 936m (Saint-Oradoux-de-Chirouze) with an average altitude of 760m.
The canton comprised 9 communes:
* Beissat
* Clairavaux
* La Courtine
* Magnat-l'Étrange
* Malleret
* Le Mas-d'Artige
* Saint-Martial-le-Vieux
* Saint-Merd-la-Breuille
* Saint-Oradoux-de-Chirouze

## Population

Historical population of Canton of La Courtine (Source: INSEE) :
| Year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 |
| Population | 2 665 | 2 939 | 2 529 | 2 098 | 2 038 | 1 943 |
| From the year 1962 on: No double counting—residents of multiple communes (e.g. students and military personnel) are counted only once. |||||||
# Josef Houben

Heinrich Hubert Maria Josef Houben (27 October 1875, in Waldfeucht (Rheinland) Germany – 28 June 1940, in Tübingen) was a German chemist. He made achievements within ketone synthesis, terpenes, and camphor studies. After being wounded several times on the front lines in World War I, Houben was made head of the war laboratory. He improved the Hoesch reaction which is now normally called Houben-Hoesch reaction. Houben organized and made a major rework of the book Methods of Organic Chemistry which is now referred to as Houben-Weyl Methods of Organic Chemistry.

## Life

Houben studied at the University of Bonn and changed his subjects from mathematics and astronomy to chemistry under the influence of August Kekulé. He received his Ph.D. for work with Julius Bredt in 1898, and they collaborated on the initial 1902 publication of what became known as Bredt's Rule. After some time at the University of Aachen and University of Bonn Houben joined the laboratory of Emil Fischer at the University of Berlin. After his habilitation in 1908 he stayed in Berlin until the beginning of World War I. Houben served in the army and after being wounded several times he became head of the war laboratory. After the war Houben became professor at the Biologische Reichsanstalt in Berlin Dahlem in 1921, a position he held until his forced retirement in 1933. Houben died in Tübingen in 1940.

## Work

During his time with Emil Fischer his research was focused on the Organomagnesium compounds, while in his time at the Biologischen Reichsanstalt Houben was improving the already known Hoesch reaction.
# Yaman (tribal group)

Yaman was an Arab tribal confederation, originating from South Arabia, known for their centuries-long rivalry with the Qays, another Arab tribal confederation. As late as the nineteenth century battles were fought in Palestine between Qays and Yaman groups.
The Yamanis supported the Umayyads which was integral to them coming to power in the first Muslim civil war (fitna) from 656 to 661 and to them regaining power in the second Muslim civil war from 683 to 692.
In Umayyad times, the Yaman tribes mostly settled in southern Syria, in the steppes around Homs, Palmyra, and Palestine, while the Qays settled in northern Syria, in Jund Qinnasrin, the Jazira, and the Byzantine frontier areas. Another difference between the confederations was that some of the Yamani tribes like the Kalb, Tanukh, Judham, and Tayy had been extant in the Levant before the Muslim conquest, while most of the Qaysi tribes arrived afterwards. Other Yamani tribes such as Madh'hij, Kinda and Himyar, settled in after the Islamic conquest.

## Yaman tribes

* Azd
* Kalb
* Judham
* Ghassan
* Kinda
* Lakhm
* Madh'hij
* Quda'a
* Khuza’ah
* ’Amilah
* Himyar

## Notable battles

* Battle of Marj Rahit (684)
# Angel Romero (guitarist)

Angel Romero (born August 17, 1946 in Málaga) is a Spanish classical guitarist, conductor and former member of the guitar quartet Los Romeros. He is the youngest son of Celedonio Romero, who in 1957 left Spain for the United States with his family.
Romero made his professional debut at the age of six. At the age of sixteen, at his United States debut, he appeared as the Los Angeles Philharmonic's first guitar soloist, giving Joaquín Rodrigo's Concierto de Aranjuez its premiere for the US West Coast. He has studied conducting with Eugene Ormandy, the conductor of the Philadelphia Orchestra.
He has performed as a soloist with orchestras including the New York Philharmonic, the Cleveland Orchestra, the Royal Philharmonic, the New World Symphony, and the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra. He has also conducted the Pittsburgh Symphony, the Academy of St Martin in the Fields, the Royal Philharmonic, Germany’s NDR Symphony Orchestra and the Berlin Symphoniker, the Beijing Philharmonic, the Euro-Asia Philharmonic, the Shanghai Symphony, the Bogotá Philharmonic, the Chicago Sinfonietta, the Orquesta de Baja California, the Santa Barbara Symphony, the San Diego Symphony and the San Diego Chamber Orchestra, among others. He has made highly acclaimed recordings for Delos International, RCA Victor Red Seal and RCA Victor Worldwide, Telarc and Angel/EMI (Angel/EMI recordings produced by Patti Laursen).
On February 11, 2000 at the USC Thornton School of Music, he and his brothers, Pepe and Celin, were each presented with the Grand Cross of Isabel la Catolica (the highest honour that can be offered in Spain), and were knighted for their musical accomplishments; the ceremony included a gala performance by The Romeros and the Thornton Chamber Orchestra.
In 2007, he was honoured by the Recording Academy, producer of the Grammy Awards, with the Recording Academy President’s Merit Award.
He has also been involved in the film industry. In 1989, he performed the score for The Milagro Beanfield War, directed by Robert Redford. In 1994, he composed and directed the musical score for Bienvenido-Welcome, a film by Gabriele Retes, for which he won the 1995 ARIEL (the "Academy Award" of Mexico). He also performed and recorded the score for By the Sword composed by Bill Conti, and played a cameo role in Bound by Honor, a Taylor Hackford film.

## Discography

* Concierto de Aranjuez and Fantasia para un Gentilhombre
* A Touch of Class: Popular Classics Transcribed for Guitar
* A Touch of Romance: Spanish & Latin Favorites Transcribed for Guitar
* Angel Romero Plays Bach: The Music of Bach Transcribed for Guitar
* Granados: Twelve Spanish Dances
* Vivaldi Concertos with the Academy of St Martin in the Fields
* Remembering the Future
* Romero/Rodrigo – Solo works for guitar
* Bella: The Incomparable Artistry of Angel Romero
# Yasmin Thayna

Yasmin Thayna is a Brazilian filmmaker who wrote and directed the short film, ′Kbela′ in 2015. ′Kbela′ won the 2017 award for Best Diaspora Short Film in the Africa Movie Academy Awards.
She is also a founder of the online film community Afroflix, which seeks to give people of color an opportunity to share and distribute their work. Thayna has worked on other short films, taught classes, and frequently gives talks about what it means to be black.

## Personal life

Yasmin Thayna was born in 1993 to a black mother and white father in an area outside of Rio de Janeiro called Baixada Fluminense.
# Angelina Noble

Angelina Noble (c.1879 – 19 October 1964) was an Australian linguist and missionary. She and her husband founded churches and missions in Australia.

## Life

Noble was born in Winton in the Colony of Queensland in about 1879. She was of European and Aboriginal ancestry, but her parents are unknown. She first came to light when she was dressed as a boy named Tommy. She had been abducted as a child slave by a horse dealer. The local police in Cairns took an interest and she was sent to Yarrabah mission school. She was a good student, and she showed a talent for languages. In time she could speak at least five aboriginal languages.
She married James Noble who was a widower employed by the Reverend Ernest Gribble at Bellenden Ker mission. Gribble had a small number of aboriginal Christian supporters, but James was the most important. James had lost his first wife and their child, and after that, his would be second wife had died too. James was aboriginal and had become Gribble's close assistant. He stood in for Gribble and he became a lay-reader at St John's parish, Cairns in 1901. She and James helped Aboriginal people resettle at Yarrabah. In 1904 they went to the Mitchell River to choose a location for a new mission.
In 1909 they created another new mission on the Roper River and they and Horace Reid volunteered to work there where Angelina's gift for languages was important.
In 1914 they founded a very small mission that has really just a hut on the Forrest River. They served there for eighteen years with Ernest Gribble. Their presence has been credited with keeping Gribble alive. Angelina offered medical help there and until 1920 she was only female missionary. In 1926 there was a massacre of aboriginal people by two Australian policeman. Her husband contributed to the enquiry as he had had gathered evidence of the burning of the bodies. At the subsequent inquest Angelina was a translator. In accounts of the massacre they refer to Angelina as "Mamma". In 13 September 1925 her husband became the first aboriginal clergyman and they returned to the Forrest River.
In 1933 they were at the Palm Island mission where she was an assistant minister's wife. The returned to Forrest River and James died in 1941.
Noble died in St Lukes hospital on 19 October 1964 in Yarrabah. The Angelina Noble Centre is a cross cultural centre for women founded by Evelyn Hibbert in 2019.
# Big Beaver Creek Wildlife Area

The Big Beaver Creek Wildlife Area is a 572-acre (231 ha) tract of protected land located in Dunn County, Wisconsin, managed by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR). Land to be used for the wildlife area was first acquired in 1959 to provide access to the Big Beaver Creek and Little Beaver Creek, along with the associated wetlands complex. The other major goal was to open up the area to state-sponsored timber harvesting, specifically that of tamarack.

## Big Beaver Creek

The Big Beaver Creek Wildlife Area is composed of two parts, the primary wildlife area to the south, and the somewhat separate Big Beaver Meadow State Natural Area. The 110 acres (45 ha) natural area is to a large extent landlocked with little to no road access, which resulted in the offering up for sale of the most affected areas, a 78 acres (32 ha) tract of mostly sedge meadow.

## Flora and fauna

There are several different species of trees in the wildlife area, including white pine, white oak, red oak, and two different species of maple, sugar maple and red maple. In addition to the various species of trees found on the property, there are six "high priority" species of bird that are known to frequent the area; the northern bobwhite quail, blue-winged warbler, brown thrasher, field sparrow, whip-poor-will and the willow flycatcher. Besides birds, white-tailed deer, turkeys and rabbits can be found in the area.
While there has been a continuous effort by the WDNR to limit the expansion of invasive species detrimental to protected areas in Wisconsin, multiple such invasive florae reside in the Big Beaver Creek Wildlife Area. These include buckthorn, honeysuckle, garlic mustard and siberian elm. Invasive fauna include the gypsy moth and emerald ash borer.
# Ștefan Maimescu

Ştefan Maimescu is a politician and journalist from the Republic of Moldova.

## Biography

In the 1980s, Ştefan Maimescu worked as a correspondent for the Gosteleradio. He served as member of the Parliament of Moldova (1990–1994).
# Angela Salloker

Angela Salloker (1913-2006) was an Austrian actress. She appeared in a number of 1930s films, notably in the title role in the 1935 film Joan of Arc. Following the Second World War she appeared largely in television.
In 1936 she played the major role of Charlotte Corday in a play about her assassination of Jean-Paul Marat at the Deutsches Theater in Berlin.

## Selected filmography

* The Black Whale (1934)
* The Secret of Cavelli (1934)
* Joan of Arc (1935)
* Girls' Dormitory (1936)
* The Broken Jug (1937)
* Die Hochzeitsreise (1939)
* White Gold (1949)
* Mademoiselle de Scuderi (1976, TV film)
# Şerif İlden

Mustafa Şerif İlden (1877, Veles – 1952, Istanbul) was a Turkish career officer, diplomat and far-right politician.

## Biography

He was born in Veles. His father, Hüseyin Avni Bey, was a civil servant in Skopje. Şerif Bey graduated from the Manastır Military High School in 1891 and the Istanbul Field Artillery School in 1895. In the same year, he entered the Military Academy with the rank of lieutenant. When the Balkan Wars broke out, he was the Chief of Staff of the Western Army. On January 8, 1914, he was appointed as the Chief of Staff of the 9th Corps in Erzurum. He participated in World War I. He was taken prisoner by the Russians on the Sarıkamış Front on 29 January 1915. The life of captivity in Siberia lasted three years. In January 1918 he escaped to Constantinople. He retired on March 31, 1918. He supported the Turkish War of Independence by sending weapons and ammunition to the Turkish soldiers. After 1923, he held diplomatic positions between 1935 and 1939.
# Independent Ukraine

Independent Ukraine (Ukrainian: Самостійна Україна) is a political pamphlet published in 1900 by Mykola Mikhnovsky in support of the Revolutionary Ukrainian Party. It is considered one of the first articulation for a modern, independent Ukrainian state.
# Angelo (disambiguation)

Angelo is both a given name and a surname.
Angelo may also refer to:

## Places
### Brazil

* Santo Ângelo, a city

### United States

* Angelo, Wisconsin, a town
** Angelo (community), Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
* San Angelo, Texas, a city

## Arts, entertainment, and media

* Angelo (band), a Japanese rock band
* Angelo (opera), a 1876 opera by César Cui, based on Victor Hugo's play
* Angelo (poem), by Pushkin
* "Angelo" (Brotherhood of Man song), 1977
* ""Angelo" (Francesco Renga song)", 2005 winning song at the Sanremo Music Festival
* Angelo, Tyrant of Padua, a 1835 play by Victor Hugo
* Avenging Angelo, a 2012 film
* Angelo (TV series), a 2017 Chinese television series
# Angelo Abenante

Angelo Abenante (10 May 1927 – 27 March 2024) was an Italian trade unionist and politician. A member of the Italian Communist Party, he served in the Chamber of Deputies from 1963 to 1968 and in the Senate of the Republic from 1968 to 1976.

## Career

After graduating from the Liceo scientifico Vincenzo Cuoco in Naples, he studied Engineering at the University of Naples Federico II, without completing his studies.
A trade unionist of the Italian General Confederation of Labour (CGIL), from 1956 onwards, he was a member of the secretariat of the Chamber of Labour of Naples. A member of the Italian Communist Party, he was a municipal councillor and assessor for urban planning in Torre Annunziata and a provincial councillor in Naples.
Abenante was then elected to the Chamber of Deputies in Legislature IV of Italy (from 1963 to 1968), while in Legislatures V and VI he was a senator, remaining in office from 1968 until 1976.

## Personal life and death

Abenante was married to Ada Salvagnini, a Venetian onetime World War II partisan born in Mestre in 1923; she died in 2011.
Abenante died on 27 March 2024, at the age of 96.
# Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems Program

The Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems (CCRE) program began with a collaborative field project conceived by six National Museum of Natural History scientists during the early 1970s. The scientists interests included a range of disciplines central to reef ecology, including: invertebrate and vertebrate zoology, botany, carbonate geology, and paleobiology. The primary work site is the Carrie Bow Marine Field Station, a research station at Carrie Bow Caye (16°48′9″N 88°4′55″W﻿ / ﻿16.80250°N 88.08194°W﻿ / 16.80250; -88.08194﻿ (Carrie Bow Caye)) on the Meso-American Barrier Reef in Belize. The program is an extended duration study of coral reefs, mangroves, sea grass meadows, and the sandy bottoms. It has been a functioning research program since the early 1970s when it was called the Investigations of Marine Shallow-Water Ecosystems (IMSWE).

## Research over the years

The site grew quickly and within ten years, 65 scientists and graduate students worked at the station, and more than 100 research papers were published on the fauna, flora, and geology of the reef. To date, there have been over 500 publications based on research done at the station.

## History
### Early years

In 1972 the Carrie Bow Caye location was chosen for its rampant growth, its secluded location, its size and its distance from research centers on land. Between 1972-1975 there were very few resources and equipment when the program was getting started. The program's initial objectives were to make maps of the area and where near reefs were as well as to identify key species in the ecosystem.

### Next Step

In 1975 a grant from Exxon Corporation was awarded, which doubled the funding of the CCRE program. Aerial photographs of the reef were also taken allowing for highly detailed mapping of the area. In 1978 hurricane Greta passed across the Belize Barrier Reef and caused severe damage to the equipment and buildings of the Carrie Bow station and the reef. Even with this setback the team published their findings. The book is known as the Blue Book, which became the stepping off for their future investigations, and further funding.

### 1980s

In the 1980s, the team turned some of their attention to the highly bio-diverse mangrove swamps, just north-west of the Carrie Bow. Because the mangroves are both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, the team was able to diversify their research and start terrestrial studies. In 1985, the National Museum of Natural History received money from the US Congress to study the Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystem (CCRE); this would become the new name of the research initiative.

### 1990s

In 1997, as many projects were coming to an end, a fire left the station little more than rubble and ashes.

### 21st Century

The reef has been struck by a number of hurricanes, causing substantial damage and erosion to the beaches and CCRE facilities. The damages caused have led to many infrastructure changes and improvements to the facilities. Most recently, Valerie Paul took over as the CCRE Director.
# Yarm Bridge

Yarm Bridge is a Grade II* listed masonry road bridge over the River Tees, connecting the towns of Yarm and Egglescliffe.

## History

The main thoroughfare through the town of Yarm was historically West Street, which at the River Tees led to a ford. A "bridge of Yarum" is mentioned in 1228, with a bridge at the location seemingly in a bad condition, in 1305 when Edward I granted a 5 year toll to repair it. In 1400, Walter Skirlaw, Bishop of Durham, ordered a replacement road bridge in stone. It originally consisted of 5 pointed arches, however in the modern day, only the three central arches remain.
During the English Civil War the northmost arch of the bridge was destroyed and was replaced by a draw bridge, to prevent parliamentary forces from attacking the controlling royalists. This span was not replaced until 1785.
In 1771 a major flood on the Tees, along with others in the North-East, caused major damage to many of the river's bridges. Despite escaping the flood without damage, the small size of bridges span meant that the flow was unable to pass beneath and instead serious damage was caused to the town, with every house being underwater. Partly as a result of a desire to avoid this problem in future and a need to increase the bridge's capacity for traffic, it was decided, in 1803, to replace the bridge with an iron bridge. This bridge was built under the direction of Thomas Wilson. By 1805 the arches where erected. Unfortunately, at the beginning of the next year, the completed but unopened structure collapsed, and the stone bridge was instead doubled in width.
Today it carries the A67 road.

## Refences

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Betteney, Alan (2019). "Crossing the Tees: Fords, Ferries and Bridges" (PDF). River Tees Rediscovered. Tees Archaeology: 23–26. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2023. Retrieved 11 July 2024.
* ↑ Historic England. "YARM BRIDGE OVER RIVER TEES, Yarm (1105658)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
* ↑ Historic England. "Yarm Bridge, Egglescliffe (1006763)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
* ↑ "Yarm Bridge". Stockton Heritage. Retrieved 11 July 2024.
* 1 2 3 4 5 Woodhouse, Robert (1991). The River Tees: A North Country River. Lavenham: Terence Dalton Limited. p. 63. ISBN 0861380916.
* 1 2 3 Roberts, Martin; Pevsner, Nikolaus; Williamson, Elizabeth (2021). County Durham. New Haven, CT ; London: Yale University Press. p. 383. ISBN 978-0-300-22504-4.
* ↑ "Bridges over the Tees" (PDF). myice.ice.org.uk. Institute of Civil Engineers. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
* 1 2 3 Rennison, R. W. (2019). "The Great Inundation of 1771 and the Rebuilding of the North-East's Bridges" (PDF). Archaeologia Aeliana. 29: 269291. doi:10.5284/1061067. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
* ↑ Rennison, R. W. (1981). "3. County Durham and Cleveland". Civil Engineering Heritage Northern England. the Institution of Civil Engineers. pp. 70–101 – via ICE Virtual Library.