OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Géraldine Legendre

Géraldine Legendre (born 1953) is a French-American cognitive scientist and linguist known for her work on French grammar, on mathematical models for the development of syntax in natural languages including harmonic grammar and Optimality Theory, and on universal grammar and innate syntactic ability of humans in natural language. She is a professor of cognitive science at Johns Hopkins University and the chair of the Johns Hopkins Cognitive Science Department.

## Education and career

Legendre studied English literature at the University of Tours, earning a licentiate in 1974. She went to the University of California, San Diego for graduate study, and she completed her M.A. in 1984 and her Ph.D. in 1987. Her dissertation, Topics in French Syntax, was supervised by David M. Perlmutter and Sandra Chung.
She became an assistant professor of linguistics at the University of Colorado Boulder and earned tenure there in 1994. In 1995, she moved to Johns Hopkins University, and in 2000, she was promoted to full professor. She became department chair in 2018.

## Books

Legendre is the author of the book Topics in French Syntax (Routledge, 1994) and the coauthor with Paul Smolensky of the two-volume The Harmonic Mind (MIT Press, 2006). She is also a co-editor of edited volumes including Optimality-Theoretic Syntax (MIT Press, 2001) and Optimality-Theoretic Syntax, Semantics, and Pragmatics: From Uni- To Bidirectional Optimization (Oxford University Press, 2016).
# Catholic Church in Sudan

The Catholic Church in Sudan is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome.
In 2020 there were approximately 1.1 million Catholics in Sudan, about 3.2% of the total population. Sudan forms one ecclesiastical province, consisting of one archdiocese and one suffragan diocese.
# Euphorbia vezorum

Euphorbia vezorum is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitat is sandy shores. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Escoma Municipality

Escoma Municipality is the fifth municipal section of the Eliodoro Camacho Province in the La Paz Department in Bolivia. It was created on February 6, 2009. Until then this area was part of the Viacha Municipality. Its seat is Escoma with 576 inhabitants in the year 2001.
Escoma Municipality is situated in the Altiplano on the western edge of the Cordillera Real. It is bordered to the north-east, north and west by the Puerto Acosta Municipality, to the south by Lake Titicaca, to the south-east by the Puerto Carabuco Municipality and to the east by the Mocomoco Municipality.

## Division

The municipality is divided into four cantons:
| Canton | Inhabitants (2001) | Seat |
| Escoma Canton | 5,097 | Escoma |
| Challapata Peninsula Canton | 905 | Challapata |
| Collasuyo Canton | 561 | Collasuyo |
| Villa Puni Canton | 514 | Villa Puni |
Formerly all these cantons which now make up the Escoma Municipality belonged to the Viacha Municipality.
# Theories of famines

The conventional explanation until 1951 for the cause of famines was the decline of food availability relative to the nutritional needs of the population (abbreviated as FAD for food availability decline). The assumption was that the central cause of all famines was a decline in food availability by reason of decline in food production or disruption of food distribution. However this does not explain why only a certain section of the population such as the agricultural laborer was affected by famines while others were insulated from them. On the other hand, inequalities in wealth or ability to exit food shortage areas sufficiently explain such phenomena.

## Failure of exchange entitlements

It has been suggested by Amartya Sen in his book Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation that the causal mechanism for precipitating starvation includes many variables other than just the decline of food availability such as the inability of an agricultural laborer to exchange his primary entitlement, i.e. labor for rice, when his employment became erratic or was completely eliminated. According to the proposed theory, famines are due to an inability of a person to exchange his entitlements rather than to food unavailability. This theory is called the failure of exchange entitlements or FEE in short.
Amartya Sen also touches on this in an article titled The Food Problem: Theory and Policy from Third World Quarterly, "The approach of entitlements also provides guidance regarding relief of famines should it occur or threaten to occur. Moving food into famine areas will not in itself do much to cure starvation, since what needs to be created is food entitlement and not just food availability."

## Lack of democracy

Amartya Sen advances the theory that lack of democracy and famines are interrelated; he cites the example of the Bengal famine of 1943, stating that it only occurred because of the lack of democracy in India under British rule. Sen further argues that the situation was aggravated by the British government's suspension of trade in rice and grains among various Indian provinces.
Olivier Rubin's review of the evidence disagrees with Sen; after examining the cases of post-Independence India, Niger, and Malawi, he finds that "democracy is no panacea against famine." Rubin's analysis questions whether democracy and a free press were sufficient to truly avert famine in 1967 and 1972 (the Maharashtra famine involved some 130,000 deaths), and notes that some dynamics of electoral democracy complicate rather than bring about famine relief efforts. Rubin does not address colonial period famines.
On the other hand, Andrew Banik's study Starvation and India's democracy affirms Sen's thesis, but indicates that while democracy has been able to prevent famines in India, it has not been sufficient to avoid severe under-nutrition and starvation deaths, which Banik calls a 'silent emergency' in the country.
According to a FEWSNET report, "Famines are not natural phenomena, they are catastrophic political failures."
# Bad Sobernheim (Verbandsgemeinde)

Bad Sobernheim is a former Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Bad Kreuznach, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde was in Bad Sobernheim. On 1 January 2020 it was merged into the new Verbandsgemeinde Nahe-Glan.
The Verbandsgemeinde Bad Sobernheim consisted of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):
* Auen
* Bad Sobernheim
* Bärweiler
* Daubach
* Ippenschied
* Kirschroth
* Langenthal
* Lauschied
* Martinstein
* Meddersheim
* Merxheim
* Monzingen
* Nußbaum
* Odernheim am Glan
* Rehbach
* Seesbach
* Staudernheim
* Weiler bei Monzingen
* Winterburg
49°47′17″N 7°39′07″E﻿ / ﻿49.788°N 7.652°E﻿ / 49.788; 7.652
* This Bad Kreuznach district location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# DanceTelevision

DanceTelevision (formerly known as DanceTrippin TV) is an audiovisual dance content platform which is active across web, apps, social medias, and television, owned by DanceTrippin BV which is based in Amsterdam, Netherlands with assets in various locales in Western & Eastern Europe, Australia, and Brazil. The platform is a network of the following genre-focussed content brands under which content is distributed to targeted dance audiences: Algorhythm (tech house), House floor (house music), Deep Tech Minimal](minimal tech), Techno Warehouse (techno), Deep House District (deep house), MainStage (commercial EDM), and Chill AF (downtempo). DanceTelevision publishes a variety of content including dj shows from clubs and festivals, studio sets, artist & label features, and a broad range of dance content produced by independent creators within the dance community itself.
DanceTelevision apps are available on iPhone, Android, Roku, Amazon, smart TV's from Sony and Samsung, Sky Germany and Austria streaming sticks, and telecom set top boxes of KPN and Vodafone Ziggo in the Netherlands, Swisscom and UPC in Switzerland, Virgin Ireland, Unity Media Germany. The linear cable TV channel is available in the Netherlands through Vodafone Ziggo.
DanceTelevision and its genre focussed content brands are active across social medias including Facebook where as of June 2019 the network has over 2.3 million fans and 40 million monthly reach. At the same point in time DanceTelevision has over 400,000 fans of its YouTube channel, there were 215,000 fans for its content network on Instagram, 61,000 followers onSoundcloud, and 30,000 monthly active users of its apps.
History: DanceTrippin TV began in 2000 as a grass roots project to qualitatively capture the spirit and musical essence of dj performances at clubs and festivals. It soon began broadcasting its content during the night hours of TEF local Ibiza TV which led it to gain access to world famous Ibiza clubs and DJs. In 2008 it launched its TV Channel and was eventually picked up by the Dutch cable operator Ziggo. DanceTrippin TV could previously be received by satellite as well; the channel was available free-to-air on the Astra 3 and Astra 4 satellites. But in June 2013 it ceased its satellite transmission. In May 2018 the content platform was renamed by DanceTelevision, and repositioned as a network of highly targeted content brands in order to more effectively reach an increasingly fragmented audience. As of May 2019 DanceTelevision has produced over 700 DJ shows which are available through the platform, in addition to works from external and independent creators.
# Lagrida

Lagrida is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae.
* Lagrida aenea Hintz, 1919
* Lagrida nitida Breuning, 1938
* Lagrida rufa Jordan, 1894
# Apeks

Apeks Marine Equipment Ltd. is a manufacturer of scuba diving equipment based in Blackburn, Lancashire, England. The company is best known for its diving regulators (especially for cold water use) as well as dry suit valves, which are provided to many dry suit manufacturers. Apeks equipment is used by several militaries and emergency services, including the Royal Navy.
The company was founded in 1974 by Ken Ainscough and Eric Partington, with its name being an anagram of their initials. In 1997, the company was acquired by the Aqualung Group, which at the time was called Aqua Lung International.
# 535 Montague

535 Montague is a minor planet orbiting the Sun that was discovered by Raymond Smith Dugan on 7 May 1904 in Heidelberg, Germany. It was named after the town Montague in Massachusetts.
Photometric observations of this asteroid give a light curve with a period of 10.248 hours.
# Boakla

Boakla is a village in the Bagré Department of Boulgou Province in south-eastern Burkina Faso. As of 2005, the village has a population of 1,151.
# Euphorbia verruculosa

Euphorbia verruculosa is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Namibia. Its natural habitats are rocky areas and cold desert.
# Ernie Carson

Ernie Carson (December 4, 1937 – January 9, 2012) was an American Dixieland jazz revival cornetist, pianist, and singer. He was born in Portland, Oregon.
Carson played trumpet from elementary school and at Lincoln High School in Portland, Oregon. He was introduced to Dixieland music by listening to Monte Ballou's Castle Jazz Band through the bathroom wall at the Liberty Theater in Portland as a teenager. He ended up playing with the Castle Jazz Band in the mid-1950s prior to a stint in the U.S. Marines. Following this he worked in Los Angeles with Dave Wierbach, Jig Adams, Ray Bauduc, Pat Yankee, and Turk Murphy, and led several of his own groups from the 1970s, including the Capital City Jazz Band and a new version of the Castle Jazz Band. After more than twenty years of playing based in Atlanta, he moved back to Oregon in 1995. He died in 2012 in Portland, Oregon.

## Discography
### As leader

* Ernie Carson and His Capital City Jazz Band (Jazzology, 1968)
* Ole Oregon Ern (Fat Cat, 1973)
* Pretty Little Lady from Beaumont, Texas (1975)
* At the Hooker's Ball (GHB, 1980)
* Pink Elephants (GHB, 1992)
* Southern Comfort (GHB, 1993)
* Christmas at the Castle (1993)
* Wher'm I Gonna Live? (Stomp Off, 1994)
* Every Man a King (GHB, 1995)
* Old Bones (Stomp Off, 1995)
* One Beer (GHB, 1995)
* If I Had a Talking Picture (1998)

### As sideman

* Live at Earthquake McGoon's with Turk Murphy (RCA, 1961)
* Nonte Ballou and his New Castle Jazz Band (GHB 1968)
* "Jazz On a Saturday Afternoon - Volume One and Two" with Wild Bill Davison (Jazzology Records 1970)
* "Barrelhousin' with Joe" with Joe Darensbourg (GHB 1972)
* "Echoes og Chicago" with Art Hodes and his Windy City Seven (Jazzology Records 1978)
* "We Just Couldn't Say Goodbye" with Maxine Sullivan (Jazzology Records 1978)
* On the Goldenrod Showboat, The Original Salty Dog Jazz Band (1982)
* "World of Jelly Roll Morton" with Bob Greene (GHB 1982)
* "Go Back Where You Stayed Last Night" with Carol Leigh (GHB 1996)
* "You've Got To Give Me Some" with Carol Leigh (GHB 1996)
* "St. Peter Street Strutters" with Bob Greene (Delmark Records 2009 - recorded in 1964)
# Jastrzębia

Jastrzębia may refer to:
* Jastrzębia, Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Jastrzębia, Kutno County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Jastrzębia, Łęczyca County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Jastrzębia, Łowicz County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Jastrzębia, Tarnów County in Lesser Poland Voivodeship (south Poland)
* Jastrzębia, Wadowice County in Lesser Poland Voivodeship (south Poland)
* Jastrzębia, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (south-central Poland)
* Jastrzębia, Grójec County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Jastrzębia, Radom County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
# Leucania oaxacana

Leucania oaxacana is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae, found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Leucania oaxacana is 10451.
# Craig A. Franklin

Craig A. Franklin is a former United States Air Force lieutenant general who last served as the commander of Third Air Force, based at Ramstein Air Base in Germany. A 1981 graduate of the United States Air Force Academy, Franklin served in flying assignments, instructor pilot assignments, as well as multiple staff assignments. Franklin commanded a test and evaluation group and three wings, including the 332nd Air Expeditionary Wing based at Balad Air Base, Iraq.
Franklin submitted his retirement to be effective 31 January 2014. His early retirement resulted in a reduction in retirement rank to the two-star rank of major general. This is as a direct result of Franklin's dismissal of a sexual assault case in February 2013 after the officer in question, a lieutenant colonel, had been found guilty at a court martial in November 2012. The officer was subsequently released from prison and restored to his rank, only to be forced into retirement at a lower rank after the discovery of further sexual misconduct. In a statement Franklin said, "he was retiring 'for the good of this command and the Air Force' because of persistent doubts about his impartiality in overseeing sex-abuse investigations." He officially retired on April 1, 2014.
# Zacapu

Zacapu (Place of Stones), is a city and surrounding municipality in the Nahuatzen mountains of Michoacán, Mexico. It is located at 19°49′N 101°48′W﻿ / ﻿19.817°N 101.800°W﻿ / 19.817; -101.800. The municipality has an area of 455.96 km$^2$ (176.05 sq mi). Geographic features in Zacapu include the Cerro del Tecolote mountain range and Zacapu Lagoon.

## Demographics

The 2010 Mexican census indicated that the city had a population of 52,806 and the municipality a population of 73,455.

## Notable people

* José Ángel Aguilar, writer
* Rudy Gutierrez, noted oncologist
* Juan B. Guido, poet
* Fray Jacobo Daciano, Danish Franciscan priest, member of the Tzintzuntzan convent
* Primo Tapia de la Cruz, labor leader who organized farming communities against landholders. He was assassinated in 1926.
* Abel Alcázar Pallares, philanthropist and community activist
* Armando Martínez (cyclist), cyclist
* Rodolfo Vitela, cyclist
* Jorge del Pozzo, businessman
* César Martínez, boxer
* Adolfo García Trujillo, marathonist
* Eugenio Calderón, professional footballer, played for Cruz Azul, Morelia, Irapuato, Tigres and Guadalajara. Retired in 1992.
* Jaime Contreras, artist, designer, welder, semi-professional footballer.
* Hugo Ayala Castro, professional footballer, play for Morelia, Atlas and currently Tigres.
# Waman Thakre

Waman Thakre is an Indian photographer and a former deputy director at the Directorate of Panchayat and Social Service of the Government of Madhya Pradesh. He is a Fellow of the Royal Photographic Society and the Photographic Society of America and is a recipient of the Shikhar Award of the MP State government. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2007, for his contributions to Arts.

## Biography

Waman Thakre was born in a Marathi family on 24 April 1932 at Ramtek, a village in Nagpur district of the Western Indian state of Maharashtra and did his schooling at Samarth Vidyalaya, Ramtek and New Era High School, Nagpur. His college education was Chitrakala Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur and Sir Jamsetjee Jeejebhoy School of Art, Mumbai and after graduating in commercial art and photography, he started his career as an artist under state government service. He rose in ranks at government service and was a deputy director at the Directorate of Panchayat and Social Service of the Government of Madhya Pradesh at the time of his superannuation.
Thakre has conducted several exhibitions in India and abroad and holds several rare photographs in his collection; one of the photographs, a portrait of Rani Lakshmi Bai he displayed at World Photography Day exhibition at Bhopal in 2010, invited controversy as to the authenticity of the work. He is the advisor of Photolovers, an Indore-based photographic organization, and is involved with promotion of photography in the state. The Government of Madhya Pradesh awarded him Shikhar Award in 1988 and he received the fourth highest Indian civilian award of the Padma Shri in 2007.
Thakre lives in Bhopal, in Madhya Pradesh.
# Dicauda

Dicauda is a genus of cnidarians belonging to the family Myxobolidae.
Species:
# Boa imperator sabogae

Boa imperator sabogae (previously Boa constrictor sabogae) is a subspecies of large, heavy-bodied snake. It is a member of the family Boidae.
This subspecies of Boa imperator is endemic to the Pearl Islands, off the Pacific Coast of Panama.
# Manuel Schüttengruber

Manuel Schüttengruber (born 20 July 1983) is an Austrian football referee who officiates in the Austrian Football Bundesliga. He has been a FIFA referee since 2014, and is ranked as a UEFA first category referee.

## Refereeing career

In 2010, Schüttengruber began officiating in the Austrian Football Bundesliga. His first match as referee was on 28 August 2010 between SV Mattersburg and Red Bull Salzburg. He also officiated two matches in the Swiss Super League in 2012. In 2014, he was put on the FIFA referees list. He officiated his first senior international match as a FIFA referee on 15 November 2016 between the Czech Republic and Denmark.
# Ernest Newman (priest)

Ernest Frederick Newman (2 March 1859 – 28 April 1928) was Archdeacon of Plymouth from 1921 to 1928.
He was educated at Marlborough and Keble College, Oxford and ordained in 1885. After a curacy at Reading Minster he became a Chaplain to the Forces serving at the Tower of London and in Bengal, Caterham, South Africa (where he was Mentioned in despatches) and Portsmouth until his Archdeacon’s appointment.
# Icó

Icó Portuguese pronunciation: is a town in Ceará, Brazil, located in the Microrregião of Salgado in the central part of the state. Icó borders the municipalities of Umari, Cedro, Iguatu, Orós, Jaguaribe, Pereiro, and the states of Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba. The seat of the town, also called Icó, is located 375 kilometres (233 mi) from the state capital, Fortaleza. The municipality covers 1,872 km$^2$ (723 sq mi) and has a population of 68,162 with a population density of 36 inhabitants per square kilometer. It is located 1,872 km (1,163 mi) from the state capital of Sergipe, Aracaju.
Icó sits on a flat plain on the right bank of the Salgado River, a short distance from its confluence with the Jaguaribe.

## History

The greater area of central Ceará was explored in the 17th century with the town being founded in 1738. Icó reached its greatest point of development in the 18th century as a commercial center connecting the hinterlands of the sertão and the coast. Its development declined due to successive droughts and a domestic cattle market centered on the south and southeastern provinces of Brazil. This process was accentuated by the construction of the Baturité Railroad in 1870, which left Icó on the fringe of regional trade.
In the mid-19th century the "Teatro da Ribeira dos Icós" was built. The town also has a historic church.
# Dancing in the Dark

Dancing in the Dark may refer to:

## Film and television

* Dancing in the Dark (1949 film), an American musical comedy directed by Irving Reis
* Dancing in the Dark (1986 film), a Canadian drama directed by Leon Marr
* "Dancing in the Dark" (Charlie's Angels), a television episode
* "Dancing in the Dark" (The Golden Girls), a television episode
* Dancing in the Dark, a 1995 television film starring Victoria Principal

## Literature

* Dancing in the Dark (novel), a 2005 novel by Caryl Phillips
* Dancing in the Dark, a 1982 novel by Joan Barfoot
* Dancing in the Dark, a 2005 novel by Mary Jane Clark
* Dancing in the Dark, a 1997 novel by Stuart M. Kaminsky
* Dancing in the Dark, a 1999 novel by Maureen Lee
* Dancing in the Dark, a novel by Susan Moody
* Dancing in the Dark, a 1992 novel by Donald Thomas

## Music
### Albums

* Dancing in the Dark (Sonny Rollins album), 1987
* Dancing in the Dark (Rob Schneiderman album), 1998
* Dancing in the Dark, by the Fred Hersch Trio, 1992
* Dancing in the Dark, by Tierney Sutton, 2004
* Dancing in the Dark, an EP by Hot Chip, or the title song, 2015
* Dancing in the Dark: 10 Years of Dancing Ferret, by Dancing Ferret, 2005

### Songs

* "Dancing in the Dark" (Bruce Springsteen song), 1984
* "Dancing in the Dark" (Howard Dietz and Arthur Schwartz song), 1931
* "Dancing in the Dark" (Jessy song), 2006
* "Dancing in the Dark" (Kim Wilde song), 1983
* "Dancing in the Dark" (Rihanna song), 2015
* "Dancing in the Dark", by Imagine Dragons from Evolve, 2017
* "Dancing in the Dark", by Mike Mareen, 1985
* "Dancing in the Dark", by Solange Knowles from Sol-Angel and the Hadley St. Dreams, 2008
* "Dancing in the Dark", by Sykamore from Pinto, 2022
# Cossula albicosta

Cossula albicosta is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Costa Rica.
# Archichlora phyllobrota

Archichlora phyllobrota is a species of moth of the family Geometridae. It is found in central Africa and it is known from Gabon, Cameroon and Congo.
# V. hastata

V. hastata may refer to:
* Verbena hastata, the blue vervain or swamp verbena, a flowering plant species
* Verbesina hastata, a flowering plant species in the genus Verbesina
* Viola hastata, the halberd-leaf yellow violet, a flowering plant species in the genus Viola
# Didacus

Didacus may refer to:
* Didacus of Alcalá
* Didacus Ximenes
* Didacus Jules
# Justicia triloba

Justicia triloba is a species of flowering plant in the family Acanthaceae. It a shrub native to the Caatinga vegetation and Cerrado vegetation of Brazil, ranging from Tocantins to Piauí and Minas Gerais states.