OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Drury Lane Theatrical Fund

The Drury Lane Theatrical Fund (DLTF) is a benevolent fund for established in 1766 by members of the Theatre Royal in London, England, "for the relief and support of such performers and other persons belonging to the said theater, as, through age, infirmity, or accident, should be obliged to retire from the Stage".
The fund was established by John Johnstone, David Garrick and others, and received benefactions, such as from Sarah Harlowe, subscriptions from performers, and the proceeds of benefit plays. By 1776, it had a capital base of £3,400, and owned a house situated in Drury Lane, let at a yearly rent of £50. The fund was established as a charity by the Drury Lane Theatre Act 1776.
The fund continues into the 21st century; Graham Bickley is a director; previous officeholders include John Pritt Harley and Edmund Kean.
Amongst its pensioners have been:
* Esther Brand
* Joseph Grimaldi
* Sarah Harlowe
# Bug-A-Salt

Bug-A-Salt is the brand name of a plastic gun used to kill soft-bodied insects by hitting them with salt particles.

## Description

The Bug-A-Salt device uses granular table salt as non-toxic projectiles to kill insects. The plastic gun is designed to spray up to 80 discharges of salt, which forms a conical spread pattern, similar to the blast pattern from a shotgun.
Biologist Michael Dickinson of the California Institute of Technology says flies cannot dodge the tiny salt particles, but will be protected by their arthropod exoskeleton and will only be stunned.

## History

Bug-A-Salt was created by Lorenzo Maggiore and patented in 2012. Maggiore invented the tool to kill houseflies at a distance, without creating a mess.
The Skell Inc company launched its Bug-A-Salt product in 2012 on the Indiegogo platform. At the close of Skell's crowd-funding campaign on September 11, 2012, the company had sold more than 21,400 units of the original model of the Bug-A-Salt salt gun.
# Harold Tyler

Harold Tyler may refer to:
* Harold R. Tyler Jr. (1922–2005), United States federal judge
* Harold I. Tyler (1901–1967), American businessman and politician from New York
# Chorzęcin

Chorzęcin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tomaszów Mazowiecki, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) west of Tomaszów Mazowiecki and 40 km (25 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.
In 2019, the Volunteer Fire Brigade in Chorzęcin celebrated 100th anniversary.
There is a public transport bus from Tomaszów Mazowiecki to Chorzęcin (2 lines).

## Gallery

* A chapel since 1859
* Belfry at the church
* Kindergarten (2019)
* Fire station and culture center (2019)
* Village park (2019)
* Tennis court (2019)
# Hwang Hyun-chul

Hwang Hyun-chul (born on March 4, 1947) is a South Korean martial artist who is a ninth-degree midnight blue belt in Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan and the son of the late Hwang Kee, founder of the Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan (formerly Tang Soo Do Moo Duk Kwan) system.

## Biography

Hyun-chul Hwang was born in Seoul, South Korea, the oldest child of Moo Duk Kwan founder Hwang Kee. He began training in martial arts under his father, Hwang Kee, on May 5, 1954, at the age of 7. Two years later at the age of 9, he would become the youngest person in Korea to earn his black belt.
From 1970 to 1973, he was the head instructor at the Central Moo Duk Kwan dojang (school) and at the U.S. 8th Army Base in Yongsan, Korea. From there he would serve as head instructor for the Greek Tang Soo Do Moo Duk Kwan Federation, and an invitational instructor for the United Kingdom Tang Soo Do Moo Duk Kwan Federation. In 1975, Hwang moved to the United States and opened a school in Springfield, New Jersey.
In 1975, Hwang would soon become the chairman of the Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) for then U.S. Tang Soo Do Moo Duk Kwan Federation, serving under his father. In 1995, during the 50th anniversary celebration of the founding of the Moo Duk Kwan the elder Hwang officially renamed the art from Tang Soo Do Moo Duk Kwan to Soo Bahk Do, with the younger Hwang being named the president of the renamed U.S. Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan Federation.
For the next several years Hwang would rise up the ranks and eventually be promoted to the rank of ninth-degree black belt. In 2002, with the passing of his father, he was named as the new grandmaster of Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan. In 2004, Hwang was inducted into the Black Belt Hall of Fame as Man of the Year.
# Drapeau

Drapeau is a French surname meaning flag. Notable people with the surname include:
* Étienne Drapeau (born 1978), retired Canadian ice hockey player
* Jean Drapeau, CC, GOQ (1916–1999), Canadian lawyer and politician who served as mayor of Montreal
* Joseph Drapeau (1752–1810), seigneur, merchant and political figure in Lower Canada
* Joseph-Napoléon Drapeau, Canadian politician
* Scott Drapeau (born 1972), American basketball player
# Drape (disambiguation)

Drape can refer to:
* a curtain
* Drapery, cloth used for decorative purposes
* Drape suit, a British variation of the lounge suit
# Dresser (surname)

Dresser is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Annetta Seabury Dresser (1843–1935), American writer
* Bob Dresser (1878–1924), American baseball player
* Christopher Dresser (1834–1904), Scottish designer and design theorist, a pivotal figure in the Aesthetic Movement
* Daniel LeRoy Dresser (1862–1915), American shipbuilder
* Davis Dresser
* Denise Dresser (born 1963), Mexican political analyst, writer, and university professor
* Edith Stuyvesant Dresser (1873–1958), American philanthropist and wife of George Washington Vanderbilt II and Peter Goelet Gerry
* George Warren Dresser (1837–1883), American soldier and civil engineer
* Henry Dresser (1891–1963), American football and baseball player and coach.
* Henry Eeles Dresser (1838–1915), English businessman and ornithologist
* Hilary Dresser (born 1968), British sprint canoeist
* Horatio Dresser (1866–1954), American, New Thought religious leader and author
* Ivan Dresser (1896–1956), American runner in the 1920 Olympics
* Jeff Dresser (born 1973), retired American soccer midfielder
* Julius Dresser (1838–1893), American, early leader in the New Thought movement
* Kevin Dresser (born 1962), American wrestling coach
* Louisa Dresser (1907–1989), expert on early American painting
* Louise Dresser (1878–1965), American actress
* Madge Dresser, professor
* Marcia Van Dresser (1877–1937), American operatic soprano, recitalist, and actress
* Mark Dresser (born 1952), American double bass player and composer
* Paul Dresser (1857–1906), American singer, songwriter and comedic actor
* Richard Dresser (born c.1951), American playwright
* Samuel Dresser (1831–1901), American politician
* Solomon Robert Dresser (1842–1911), American inventor and politician
* Tom Dresser (1892–1982), English soldier, recipient of the Victoria Cross
# Dračevo, Čapljina

Dračevo is a village in Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the 1991 census, the village is located in the municipality of Čapljina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 556.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Croats | 545 | 98.0% |
| Bosniaks | 2 | 0.4% |
| Serbs | 4 | 0.7% |
| other/undeclared | 5 | 0.9% |
| Total | 556 | 100% |
# Drymaeus acervatus

Drymaeus acervatus is a species of tropical air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Bulimulidae.
This species is endemic to the Amazon river basin in Brazil.
# Drymaeus dakryodes

Drymaeus dakryodes is a species of tropical air-breathing land snail, a pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Bulimulidae.
# List of storms named Saomai

The name Saomai was used for two tropical cyclones in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. The name is the Vietnamese name for the planet Venus (Sao Mai – "morning star").
* Typhoon Saomai (2000) (T0014, 22W, Osang) - a Category 5 super typhoon impacted Japan and Korean peninsula.
* Typhoon Saomai (2006) (T0608, 08W, Juan) – another Category 5 super typhoon that caused 458 deaths in the Philippines and China.
"Saomai" was retired by the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee following the 2006 typhoon season, and was replaced with "Son-Tinh".
# Driven from Home

Driven from Home is a 1927 American silent drama film directed by James Young and starring Ray Hallor, Virginia Lee Corbin and Pauline Garon.

## Cast

* Ray Hallor
* Virginia Lee Corbin
* Pauline Garon
* Sôjin Kamiyama
* Anna May Wong
* Melbourne MacDowell
* Margaret Seddon
* Sheldon Lewis
* Virginia Pearson
* Eric Mayne
* Alfred Fisher
# Duckesia

Duckesia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Humiriaceae.
Its native range is Venezuela, Brazil and Peru.
The genus name of Duckesia is in honour of Adolpho Ducke (1876–1959), an entomologist, botanist and ethnographer specializing in Amazonia. It was first published and described in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. Vol.35 on page 76 in 1961.
Known species:
* Duckesia liesneri (Cuatrec.) K.Wurdack & Zartman
* Duckesia verrucosa (Ducke) Cuatrec.
# Drowned lands

Drowned lands is a name sometimes given to seasonally flooded areas, or to areas flooded by reservoirs. Sometimes it is poetically applied to lands said to have been lost to the sea, such as Lyonesse.
There are certain locations particularly identified with this appellation:

## United States

* Ancram, New York, in the valley of Punch Brook
* Fish House, New York, now covered by Great Sacandaga Lake
* Between Hamburg, New Jersey and Denton, New York, along the Wallkill River, drained to form the "Black Dirt Region"
* Medford, New Jersey
* Along the Wabash River in Indiana
* Putnam, Dresden and Whitehall, New York, at the south end of Lake Champlain

## Netherlands

* Verdronken Land van Saeftinghe
* Verdronken Land van Reimerswaal
# Dry River (Northern Territory)

The Dry River is a river in the Northern Territory of Australia.
The headwaters of the river rise under Tinker Hill in the Fitzgerald Range just north of Birrimba Station homestead. The river floes in a north easterly direction moving across the mostly uninhabited plains through Dry River Station and then discharges into the King River, of which it is a tributary, and eventually flows into the Timor Sea.
The only tributary of the Dry River is Forrest Creek.
The river's catchment covers an area of 3,000 square kilometres (1,158 sq mi). The eastern parts of the catchment are bounded by the Sturt Plateau. Upper parts of the river have been described as weakly developed.
Western Creek was once a major tributary of the Dry River but it now flows into Elsey Creek. There are a number of waterholes which are permanent on the black soil plains of the river.
# Trenton High School

Trenton High School may refer to:
* Trenton High School (Florida), Trenton, Florida, US
* Trenton High School (Trenton, Iowa), Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Grundy County, Iowa
* Trenton High School (Michigan), Trenton, Michigan, US
* Trenton High School (Missouri), the current high school in Trenton, Missouri, US
* Trenton High School (Trenton, Missouri), the former high school, a historic building
* Trenton High School (Nova Scotia), Trenton, Nova Scotia, Canada
* Trenton High School (Ontario), Trenton, Ontario, Canada
* Trenton High School (Texas), Trenton, Texas, US
* Trenton Central High School, Trenton, New Jersey, US
* Trenton Central High School West, Trenton, New Jersey, US
# Lanthanide chlorides

Lanthanide chlorides are a group of chemical compounds that can form between a lanthanide element (from lanthanum to lutetium) and chlorine. The lanthanides in these compounds are usually in the +2 and +3 oxidation states, although compounds with lanthanides in lower oxidation states exist.

## Lanthanide dichlorides

Divalent chlorides are formed by neodymium, samarium, europium, dysprosium, thulium and ytterbium. They can be prepared by reducing the trivalent chloride with lithium metal/naphthalene in tetrahydrofuran:
    LnCl$_3$ + Li → LnCl$_2$ + LiCl (Ln=Nd,Sm,Eu)
Reducing the chloride with the metal or hydrogen is also possible:
    2 LnCl$_3$ + Ln → 3 LnCl$_2$ (Ln=Nd,Sm,Eu?,Dy,Tm,Yb)
    2 LnCl$_3$ + H$_2$ → 2 LnCl$_2$ + 2 HCl (Ln=Nd,Sm,Eu,Dy,Tm,Yb)

## Lanthanide trichlorides

The lanthanide trichlorides can generally be prepared by dissolving the oxide or carbonate with hydrochloric acid. They are produced commercially by carbothermic reaction of the oxide. To produce the anhydrous forms of these trichlorides, the ammonium chloride route is taken. The anhydrous lanthanide trichlorides have high melting points and are generally pale colored.
Lanthanide trichlorides :
| MCl$_3$ | color | structure type | f-configuration |
| LaCl$_3$ | colorless | UCl$_3$-type | f$^0$ |
| CeCl$_3$ | colorless | UCl$_3$-type | f$^1$, doublet |
| PrCl$_3$ | green | UCl$_3$-type | f$^2$, triplet |
| NdCl$_3$ | pink | UCl$_3$-type | f$^3$, quartet |
| PmCl$_3$ | green | UCl$_3$-type | f$^4$, quintet |
| SmCl$_3$ | yellow | UCl$_3$-type | f$^5$, sextet |
| EuCl$_3$ | yellow | UCl$_3$-type | f$^6$, septet |
| GdCl$_3$ | colorless | UCl$_3$-type | f$^7$, octet |
| TbCl$_3$ | white | PuBr$_3$-type | f$^8$, septet |
| DyCl$_3$ | white | AlCl$_3$-type | f$^9$, sextet |
| HoCl$_3$ | yellow | AlCl$_3$-type | f$^{10}$, quintet |
| ErCl$_3$ | violet | AlCl$_3$-type | f$^{11}$, quartet |
| TmCl$_3$ | yellow | AlCl$_3$-type | f$^{12}$, triplet |
| YbCl$_3$ | colorless | YCl$_3$-type | f$^{13}$, doublet |
| LuCl$_3$ | colorless | AlCl$_3$-type | f$^{14}$ |
# Yōko Kondō

Yōko Kondō may refer to:
* Yōko Kondō (ice hockey player) (born 1979), Japanese ice hockey player
* Yōko Kondō (manga artist) (born 1957), Japanese manga artist
# Ecotopia (album)

Ecotopia is an album by jazz fusion band Oregon recorded in March 1987 and released on ECM later that year. The quartet consists reed player Paul McCandless, guitarist Ralph Towner, bassist Glen Moore, and percussionist Trilok Gurtu—replacing Collin Walcott following his accidental death.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Reviews of the album were mixed:
The AllMusic review by Thom Jurek states, "there is no excuse for this waste of studio time and Manfred Eicher's energy. It is no wonder that he began the ECM New Series a few years before, given the junk churned out by some of label's stable between 1983 and 1988, and this record is a stellar example. Simply put, this is a trite, new age piece of dreck slopped out by a group of musicians whose combined creativity should always take them to stellar heights. There are no redeeming tracks on this disc, and few redeeming moments."
Writing in progarchives.com, Ian Alterman called the album "the perfect mixture of Oregon compositions... In my opinion, Ecotopia is the group's best post-Walcott album, and among my favorite "progressive jazz" albums of all time."

## Track listing

    All compositions by Ralph Towner except as indicated
* "Twice Around the Sun" – 10:31
* "Innocente" – 6:24
* "WBAI" (Trilok Gurtu, Paul McCandless, Glen Moore, Ralph Towner) – 2:02
* "Zephyr" – 5:55
* "Ecotopia" – 5:06
* "Leather Cats" (Glen Moore, Samantha Moore) – 7:39
* "ReDial" – 5:59
* "Song of the Morrow" (Collin Walcott) – 5:16

## Personnel

* Paul McCandless – soprano saxophone, oboe, English horn; wind driven synthesizers on "WBAI"
* Ralph Towner – classical guitar, 12 string guitar, piano, Prophet-10 synthesizer; drum machine on "Twice Around the Sun"
* Glen Moore – bass
* Trilok Gurtu – tabla, percussion
# Bug, Kentucky

Bug is an unincorporated community located in Clinton County, Kentucky, United States. Its post office is closed.
The origin of the name "Bug" is obscure.
# Sven Tito Achen

Sven Tito Achen (born 29 July 1922 in Buenos Aires, Argentina; died 14 November 1986) was an Argentine-Danish writer and author on heraldry, co-founder of the Scandinavian Society of Heraldry (Societas Heraldica Scandinavica) and the first editor of the Scandinavian Heraldisk Tidsskrift (Heraldry Journal) published in Denmark.
# Karl Erik Zachariassen

Karl Erik Zachariassen (1942 – 11 December 2009) was a Norwegian entomologist.
After taking his cand.real. degree at the University of Oslo with a thesis within zoophysiology, he studied further at the University of California, San Diego and took the dr.philos. degree in 1980. His doctoral thesis was titled Mechanisms Involved in Tolerance to Freezing in Adult Beetles. He became professor at the Norwegian Institute of Technology in 1988, later the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
He furthermore chaired the Norwegian Entomological Society for fourteen years, was a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters and the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters. He resided in Soknedal, and died in 2009.
# Winze

A winze is a minor connection between different levels in a mine. When worked upwards from a lower level it is usually called a raise; when sunk downward from a higher level it may be called a sump. The top of a winze is located underground and it is not equipped with winding gear. Rather, the access up and down between levels is usually via ladder. This is in contrast to a shaft, which is a deeper connection between levels and does have winding gear, whether the top of the excavation is located on the surface or underground.
# Driven to Destruction

Driven to Destruction may refer to:
* Test Drive: Eve of Destruction, a 2004 racing game by the American video games studio Monster Games known in Europe as Driven to Destruction
* "Driven to Destruction", a song by the Polish band Riverside from the 2009 album Anno Domini High Definition
* "Driven to Destruction", a song by Send More Paramedics from the 2004 album The Hallowed and the Heathen
* "Driven to Destruction", a 2016 episode of MythBusters
# Common blackberry

Common blackberry is a common name for several plants and may refer to:
* Rubus allegheniensis, native to eastern North America
* Rubus fruticosus, native to Europe
# Apomorphism

In formal methods of computer science, an apomorphism (from ἀπό — Greek for "apart") is the categorical dual of a paramorphism and an extension of the concept of anamorphism (coinduction). Whereas a paramorphism models primitive recursion over an inductive data type, an apomorphism models primitive corecursion over a coinductive data type.

## Origins

The term "apomorphism" was introduced in Functional Programming with Apomorphisms (Corecursion).
# Ecological Metadata Language

Ecological Metadata Language (EML) is a metadata standard developed by and for the ecology discipline. It is based on prior work done by the Ecological Society of America and others, including the Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity. EML is a set of XML schema documents that allow for the structural expression of metadata. It was developed specifically to allow researchers to document a typical data set in the ecological sciences.
EML is largely designed to describe digital resources, however, it may also be used to describe non-digital resources such as paper maps and other non-digital media.
The Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity project has developed a software client specifically to address this need. Morpho is data management software intended for generating metadata in EML format. Morpho is part of the DataONE Investigator Toolkit, and therefore intended to facilitate data sharing and reuse among ecologists and environmental scientists.
# Buona Sera

"Buona Sera" (sometimes titled "Buona Sera, Signorina") is a song written by Carl Sigman and Peter de Rose, and best known for being performed by Louis Prima in 1956. It reached number one in the singles charts in Belgium, the Netherlands and Norway, and is ranked number 3 on the all-time best-selling singles chart in Flanders between 1954 and 2014, as compiled by Ultratop. Prima's track also reached number 25 in the UK Singles Chart in February 1958.
Ralf Bendix reached number 5 in Germany with his recording of the same song in 1958. In the same year, Dean Martin recorded the song on his This is Dean Martin! album. Acker Bilk's version reached number 7 in the UK Singles Chart in 1960.
The song was used as the theme song for the second season of the TV series Platane, by Éric Judor in 2013.
On October 13 2023, The Gypsy Queens and Tony Danza released a version produced by Larry Klein and a video clip for the song, with cameo appearances from Michele Hicks and Nadia Farès as well as Joe Gannascoli. The original story was written by John Patrick Shanley, it was shot in New York and Nice.

## Other notable versions

* Bad Manners, UK, 1981 (number 34 in UK Singles Chart)
* The Gypsy Queens and Tony Danza, UK, 2023 (Sonico Productions)
* Van Morrison, USA, 1974 (It's Too Late to Stop Now, Warner Brothers)
# Harald Bathelt

Harald Bathelt is a German-Canadian geographer, currently a Canada Research Chair at University of Toronto.
# ZNF469

Zinc finger protein 469 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZNF469 gene.

## Function

This gene encodes a zinc-finger protein. Low-percent homology to certain collagens suggests that it may function as a transcription factor or extra-nuclear regulator factor for the synthesis or organization of collagen fibers. Mutations in this gene cause brittle cornea syndrome.

## Clinical significance

Mutations in ZNF469 are associated with keratoconus as well as a type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome called brittle cornea syndrome.
# Chekre

Chekre (Turki/Kypchak and Persian: چکره) was Khan of the Golden Horde from 1414 to 1416. His name is found in several renditions, including Chinggis Oghlan (چنگیز اغلان) and possibly Berke. Information on his life and reign is very limited.

## Ancestry

According to the Tawārīḫ-i guzīdah-i nuṣrat-nāmah, Chekre was the son of Āqmīl, the son of Mīnkāsar, the son of Abāy, the son of Uz-Tīmūr (Kay-Tīmūr), the son of Tuqa-Timur, the son of Jochi, the son of Chinggis Khan. He was probably a nephew of Mamai's khan ʿAbdallāh.

## Reign

Chekre is first mentioned as a Jochid prince living in exile at the court of Timur (Tamerlane) in 1404. He subsequently stayed with Timur's grandson Abū-Bakr b. Mīrān Shāh, where he was witnessed by the Bavarian captive Johann Schiltberger. Losing his control over the court of the Golden Horde, the beglerbeg Edigu apparently looked for a candidate to set up as puppet khan, and requested Chekre's return from the Timurid court. Abū-Bakr granted this request and allowed Chekre to recruit a unit of cavalry, with which he joined Edigu in Khwarazm in 1412. He then participated in Edigu's campaign in Sibir. Edigu had secured Chekre's friendship, apparently intending to make him his puppet khan, but refrained from doing so while negotiating with the sons of Tokhtamysh, the khans Jalāl ad-Dīn and Karīm Berdi. After the latter was overthrown by his brother Kebek, however, Edigu declared Chekre khan in 1414. Edigu and Chekre defeated Kebek, which allowed Karīm Berdi to briefly recover his throne in 1414, before losing it to another of his brothers, Jabbār Berdi. Meanwhile, Edigu and Chekre had extended their control to Bolghar. They temporarily displaced Jabbār Berdi in 1415, but in 1416 he was able to defeat Chekre, who is not heard from again and is presumed to have perished in the struggle, or to have lost Edigu's support and survived into the 1420s. Edigu's next protégé khan was Darwīsh, probably the son of Chekre's nephew. Unlike Jabbār Berdi, whose reign he had interrupted, Chekre issued coins from several mints, including Bolghar, Orda, Sarai, and (old) Astrakhan.

## Descendants

According to the Tawārīḫ-i guzīdah-i nuṣrat-nāmah, Chekre had two sons and a daughter: Bāysunghur, Laʿl, and Tūlūnchak.

## Genealogy

* Genghis Khan
* Jochi
* Tuqa-Timur
* Kay Timur
* Abay
* Minkasar
* Aqmil
* Chekre