# List of Singapore Open mixed doubles champions

The Singapore Open Badminton Championships is an annual badminton tournament created in 1929. The Mixed Doubles was first contested in 1931. The tournament was canceled between 1942 and 1946 because of World War II and discontinued from 1974 to 1986. It returned in 1987 as Konica Cup and was held until 1999. There was no competition held in 1932, 1937, 1938, 1962, 1969, 1973, 1987 to 1989, 1993, 1996 and 2000. The tournament returned in 2001 under a new sponsor. It was again canceled between 2020 and 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Below is the list of the winners at the Singapore Open in mixed doubles.

## History

In the Amateur Era, Ong Poh Lim (1950–1954, 1956, 1960–1961, 1963) holds the record for the most titles in the Mixed Doubles, winning Singapore Open nine times. He share the record for most consecutive titles of five (1950–1954) with Jessie Ong (1957–1961). The most back-to-back finals ever reached in mixed doubles was also achieved by Ong when he reached seven consecutive finals between 1950 and 1956.
Since the Open Era of badminton began in late 1979, Liliyana Natsir holds the record for the most Mixed Doubles titles with six. Kim Dong-moon and Ra Kyung-min (2002–2003), Tontowi Ahmad and Liliyana Natsir (2013–2014), Dechapol Puavaranukroh and Sapsiree Taerattanachai (2019 and 2022, no competition in 2020 and 2021) share the record for most consecutive victories with two.

## Finalists
### Amateur era

| Year | Country | Champions | Country | Runners–up | Score |
| 1931 | SGP | E. J. Vass | SGP | See Gim Hock | 13–21, 21–9, 21–16 |
| 1931 | SGP | J. de Souza | SGP | Tai Yee Weng | 13–21, 21–9, 21–16 |
| 1932 | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition |
| 1933 | SGP | E. J. Vass | SGP | L. M. Pennefather | 21–7, 21–9 |
| 1933 | SGP | J. de Souza | SGP | Alice Pennefather | 21–7, 21–9 |
| 1934 | SGP | E. J. Vass | SGP | Michael Tan | 12–21, 21–13, 21–14 |
| 1934 | SGP | J. de Souza | SGP | Alice Pennefather | 12–21, 21–13, 21–14 |
| 1935 | SGP | Seah Eng Hee | SGP | E. J. Vass | 21–14, 21–17 |
| 1935 | SGP | Aileen Wong | SGP | Alice Pennefather | 21–14, 21–17 |
| 1936 | SGP | Leow Kim Fatt | SGP | Yap Chin Tee | 21–14, 21–16 |
| 1936 | SGP | Tan Kim Lui | SGP | Lillian Tan | 21–14, 21–16 |
| 1937–1938 | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition |
| 1939 | SGP | Wong Peng Soon | SGP | Tan Chong Tee | 21–12, 21–3 |
| 1939 | SGP | Waileen Wong | SGP | Lee Shao Meng | 21–12, 21–3 |
| 1940 | SGP | Tan Chong Tee | SGP | S. A. Durai | 15–21, 21–6, 21–3 |
| 1940 | SGP | Lee Shao Meng | SGP | Yoong Sook Lian | 15–21, 21–6, 21–3 |
| 1941 | SGP | S. A. Durai | SGP | Yap Chin Tee | 21–13, 21–14 |
| 1941 | SGP | Yoong Sook Lian | SGP | Elsie Wong | 21–13, 21–14 |
| 1942–1946 | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition |
| 1947 | SGP | Quek Keng Chuan | SGP | Cheong Hock Leng | 15–3, 15–4 |
| 1947 | SGP | Alice Pennefather | SGP | Teo Tiang Seng | 15–3, 15–4 |
| 1948 | SGP | Wong Peng Soon | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | 15–5, 15–8 |
| 1948 | SGP | Waileen Wong | SGP | Helen Heng | 15–5, 15–8 |
| 1949 | SGP | Wong Peng Soon | SGP | Quek Keng Chuan | 15–3, 15–6 |
| 1949 | SGP | Waileen Wong | SGP | Ong Heng Kwee | 15–3, 15–6 |
| 1950 | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | SGP | Lau Teng Siah | 15–11, 15–6 |
| 1950 | SGP | Alice Pennefather | SGP | Mak Fong Sim | 15–11, 15–6 |
| 1951 | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | SGP | Cheong Hock Leng | 15–13, 15–5 |
| 1951 | SGP | Mary Sim | SGP | Teo Tiang Seng | 15–13, 15–5 |
| 1952 | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | SGP | Goh Tian Chye | 18–17, 15–7 |
| 1952 | SGP | Ong Siew Yong | SGP | Alice Pennefather | 18–17, 15–7 |
| 1953 | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | SGP | Goh Tian Chye | 15–6, 15–0 |
| 1953 | SGP | Ong Siew Yong | SGP | Alice Pennefather | 15–6, 15–0 |
| 1954 | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | SGP | Teoh Peng Hooi | 12–15, 15–7, 15–12 |
| 1954 | SGP | Ong Siew Yong | SGP | Lau Hui Huang | 12–15, 15–7, 15–12 |
| 1955 | SGP | Teoh Peng Hooi | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | 15–8, 7–15, 18–13 |
| 1955 | SGP | Lau Hui Huang | SGP | Vivienne Puckridge | 15–8, 7–15, 18–13 |
| 1956 | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | SGP | Teoh Peng Hooi | 18–16, 15-6 |
| 1956 | SGP | Mary Quintal | SGP | Lau Hui Huang | 18–16, 15-6 |
| 1957 | MAS | Lim Say Hup | SGP | Lau Teng Chuan | 15–13, 7–15, 18–16 |
| 1957 | SGP | Jessie Ong | SGP | Lau Hui Huang | 15–13, 7–15, 18–16 |
| 1958 | MAS | Lim Say Hup | MAS | Johnny Heah | 8–15, 15–10, 17–15 |
| 1958 | SGP | Jessie Ong | MAS | Amy Heah | 8–15, 15–10, 17–15 |
| 1959 | MAS | Lim Say Hup | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | 15–11, 18–14 |
| 1959 | SGP | Jessie Ong | SGP | Nancy Lim | 15–11, 18–14 |
| 1960 | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | MAS | Bobby Chee | 15–11, 15–7 |
| 1960 | SGP | Jessie Ong | MAS | Tan Gaik Bee | 15–11, 15–7 |
| 1961 | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | SGP | Bob Lee | 15–9, 15–11 |
| 1961 | SGP | Jessie Ong | SGP | Nancy Ang | 15–9, 15–11 |
| 1962 | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition |
| 1963 | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | SGP | Tan Boon Liat | 15–8, 15–6 |
| 1963 | SGP | Lim Choo Eng | SGP | Nancy Sng | 15–8, 15–6 |
| 1964 | SGP | Tan Boon Liat | SGP | Pang Kum Leong | 15–5, 15–3 |
| 1964 | SGP | Lim Choo Eng | SGP | Lily Sim | 15–5, 15–3 |
| 1965 | SGP | Lindy Lin | SGP | Tan Boon Liat | 17–14, 18–15 |
| 1965 | SGP | Vivien Gwee | SGP | Nancy Sng | 17–14, 18–15 |
| 1966 | MAS | Billy Ng | MAS | Eddy Choong | 17–15, retired |
| 1966 | MAS | Sylvia Ng | SGP | Lim Choo Eng | 17–15, retired |
| 1967 | INA | Darmadi | MAS | Ng Boon Bee | 15–4, 15–5 |
| 1967 | INA | Minarni | MAS | Rosalind Singha Ang | 15–4, 15–5 |
| 1968 | DEN | Svend Andersen | THA | Sangob Rattanusorn | 15–8, 15–11 |
| 1968 | JPN | Noriko Takagi | THA | Pachara Pattabongse | 15–8, 15–11 |
| 1969 | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition |
| 1970 | MAS | Ng Boon Bee | THA | Chirasak Champakao | 15–11, 15–12 |
| 1970 | MAS | Sylvia Ng | THA | Pachara Pattabongse | 15–11, 15–12 |
| 1971 | MAS | Ng Boon Bee | THA | Bandid Jaiyen | 15–6, 15–9 |
| 1971 | MAS | Sylvia Ng | THA | Thongkam Kingmanee | 15–6, 15–9 |
| 1972 | INA | Johan Wahjudi | THA | Chirasak Champakao | 15–11, 15–7 |
| 1972 | INA | Regina Masli | SGP | Liem Siew Choo | 15–11, 15–7 |
| 1973–1989 | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition |

### Open era

| Year | Country | Champions | Country | Runners–up | Score |
| 1990 | SWE | Jan-Eric Antonsson | DEN | Jan Paulsen | 9–15, 15–10, 15–7 |
| 1990 | SWE | Maria Bengtsson | ENG | Gillian Gowers | 9–15, 15–10, 15–7 |
| 1991 | DEN | Thomas Lund | SWE | Pär-Gunnar Jönsson | 15–8, 15–12 |
| 1991 | DEN | Pernille Dupont | SWE | Maria Bengtsson | 15–8, 15–12 |
| 1992 | SWE | Pär-Gunnar Jönsson | KOR | Lee Sang-bok | 15–3 15–10 |
| 1992 | SWE | Maria Bengtsson | KOR | Gil Young-ah | 15–3 15–10 |
| 1993 | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition |
| 1994 | DEN | Thomas Lund | DEN | Jon Holst-Christensen | 15–1, 18–15 |
| 1994 | DEN | Marlene Thomsen | DEN | Rikke Olsen | 15–1, 18–15 |
| 1995 | INA | Tri Kusharjanto | KOR | Kim Dong-moon | 15–12, 9–15, 15–10 |
| 1995 | INA | Minarti Timur | KOR | Gil Young-ah | 15–12, 9–15, 15–10 |
| 1996 | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition |
| 1997 | INA | Bambang Suprianto | KOR | Kim Dong-moon | 15–13, 15–9 |
| 1997 | INA | Rosalina Riseu | KOR | Park So-yun | 15–13, 15–9 |
| 1998 | INA | Tri Kusharjanto | DEN | Michael Søgaard | 15–10, 15–8 |
| 1998 | INA | Minarti Timur | DEN | Rikke Olsen | 15–10, 15–8 |
| 1999 | KOR | Kim Dong-moon | DEN | Michael Søgaard | 15–4, 15–8 |
| 1999 | KOR | Ra Kyung-min | DEN | Rikke Olsen | 15–4, 15–8 |
| 2000 | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition |
| 2001 | DEN | Jens Eriksen | DEN | Michael Søgaard | 7–2, 4–7, 7–5, 7–5 |
| 2001 | DEN | Mette Schjoldager | DEN | Rikke Olsen | 7–2, 4–7, 7–5, 7–5 |
| 2002 | KOR | Kim Dong-moon | ENG | Nathan Robertson | 11–2, 13–10 |
| 2002 | KOR | Ra Kyung-min | ENG | Gail Emms | 11–2, 13–10 |
| 2003 | KOR | Kim Dong-moon | CHN | Zheng Bo | 15–5, 15–9 |
| 2003 | KOR | Ra Kyung-min | CHN | Zhang Jiewen | 15–5, 15–9 |
| 2004 | INA | Nova Widianto | MAS | Koo Kien Keat | 15–1, 15–4 |
| 2004 | INA | Liliyana Natsir | MAS | Wong Pei Tty | 15–1, 15–4 |
| 2005 | CHN | Zhang Jun | THA | Sudket Prapakamol | 10–15, 15–7, 15–5 |
| 2005 | CHN | Gao Ling | THA | Saralee Thoungthongkam | 10–15, 15–7, 15–5 |
| 2006 | INA | Nova Widianto | ENG | Nathan Robertson | 21–16, 20–22, 23–21 |
| 2006 | INA | Liliyana Natsir | ENG | Gail Emms | 21–16, 20–22, 23–21 |
| 2007 | INA | Flandy Limpele | THA | Sudket Prapakamol | 21–14, 21–13 |
| 2007 | INA | Vita Marissa | THA | Saralee Thungthongkam | 21–14, 21–13 |
| 2008 | INA | Nova Widianto | ENG | Anthony Clark | 17–21, 21–14, 21–9 |
| 2008 | INA | Liliyana Natsir | ENG | Donna Kellogg | 17–21, 21–14, 21–9 |
| 2009 | CHN | Zheng Bo | CHN | Xie Zhongbo | 19–21, 21–19, 21–11 |
| 2009 | CHN | Ma Jin | CHN | Zhang Yawen | 19–21, 21–19, 21–11 |
| 2010 | DEN | Thomas Laybourn | INA | Nova Widianto | 21–12, 21–15 |
| 2010 | DEN | Kamilla Rytter Juhl | INA | Liliyana Natsir | 21–12, 21–15 |
| 2011 | INA | Tontowi Ahmad | TPE | Chen Hung-ling | 21–14, 27–25 |
| 2011 | INA | Liliyana Natsir | TPE | Cheng Wen-hsing | 21–14, 27–25 |
| 2012 | TPE | Chen Hung-ling | JPN | Shintaro Ikeda | 21–17, 21–11 |
| 2012 | TPE | Cheng Wen-hsing | JPN | Reiko Shiota | 21–17, 21–11 |
| 2013 | INA | Tontowi Ahmad | KOR | Yoo Yeon-seong | 21–12, 21–12 |
| 2013 | INA | Liliyana Natsir | KOR | Eom Hye-won | 21–12, 21–12 |
| 2014 | INA | Tontowi Ahmad | INA | Riky Widianto | 21–15, 22–20 |
| 2014 | INA | Liliyana Natsir | INA | Puspita Richi Dili | 21–15, 22–20 |
| 2015 | CHN | Zhang Nan | CHN | Lu Kai | Walkover |
| 2015 | CHN | Zhao Yunlei | CHN | Huang Yaqiong | Walkover |
| 2016 | KOR | Ko Sung-hyun | CHN | Xu Chen | 21–17, 21–14 |
| 2016 | KOR | Kim Ha-na | CHN | Ma Jin | 21–17, 21–14 |
| 2017 | CHN | Lu Kai | THA | Dechapol Puavaranukroh | 19–21, 21–16, 21–11 |
| 2017 | CHN | Huang Yaqiong | THA | Sapsiree Taerattanachai | 19–21, 21–16, 21–11 |
| 2018 | MAS | Goh Soon Huat | INA | Tontowi Ahmad | 21–19, 21–18 |
| 2018 | MAS | Shevon Jemie Lai | INA | Liliyana Natsir | 21–19, 21–18 |
| 2019 | THA | Dechapol Puavaranukroh | MAS | Tan Kian Meng | 21–14, 21–6 |
| 2019 | THA | Sapsiree Taerattanachai | MAS | Lai Pei Jing | 21–14, 21–6 |
| 2020–2021 | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition | No competition |
| 2022 | THA | Dechapol Puavaranukroh | CHN | Wang Yilyu | 21–12, 21–17 |
| 2022 | THA | Sapsiree Taerattanachai | CHN | Huang Dongping | 21–12, 21–17 |
| 2023 | DEN | Mathias Christiansen | JPN | Yuta Watanabe | 21–14, 20–22, 21–16 |
| 2023 | DEN | Alexandra Bøje | JPN | Arisa Higashino | 21–14, 20–22, 21–16 |
| 2024 | CHN | Zheng Siwei | TPE | Yang Po-hsuan | 21–11, 21–19 |
| 2024 | CHN | Huang Yaqiong | TPE | Hu Ling-fang | 21–11, 21–19 |

## Statistics
### Multiple champions

Bold indicates active players.
| Rank | Country | Player | Amateur era | Open era | All-time | Years |
| 1 | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | 9 | 0 | 9 | 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1956, 1960, 1961, 1963 |
| 2 | INA | Liliyana Natsir | 0 | 6 | 6 | 2004, 2006, 2008, 2011, 2013, 2014 |
| 3 | SGP | Jessie Ong | 5 | 0 | 5 | 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961 |
| 4 | SGP | E. J. Vass | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1931, 1933, 1934 |
| 4 | SGP | J. de Souza | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1931, 1933, 1934 |
| 4 | SGP | Wong Peng Soon | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1939, 1948, 1949 |
| 4 | SGP | Waileen Wong | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1939, 1948, 1949 |
| 4 | SGP | Ong Siew Yong | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1952, 1953, 1954 |
| 4 | MAS | Lim Say Hup | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1957, 1958, 1959 |
| 4 | MAS | Sylvia Ng | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1966, 1970, 1971 |
| 4 | KOR | Kim Dong-moon | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1999, 2002, 2003 |
| 4 | KOR | Ra Kyung-min | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1999, 2002, 2003 |
| 4 | INA | Nova Widianto | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2004, 2006, 2008 |
| 4 | INA | Tontowi Ahmad | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2011, 2013, 2014 |
| 15 | SGP | Alice Pennefather | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1947, 1950 |
| 15 | SGP | Lim Choo Eng | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1963, 1964 |
| 15 | MAS | Ng Boon Bee | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1970, 1971 |
| 15 | SWE | Maria Bengtsson | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1990, 1992 |
| 15 | DEN | Thomas Lund | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1991, 1994 |
| 15 | INA | Tri Kusharjanto | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1995, 1998 |
| 15 | INA | Minarti Timur | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1995, 1998 |
| 15 | THA | Dechapol Puavaranukroh | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2019, 2022 |
| 15 | THA | Sapsiree Taerattanachai | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2019, 2022 |
| 15 | CHN | Huang Yaqiong | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2017, 2024 |

### Champions by country

| Rank | Country | Amateur era | Open era | All-time | First title | Last title | First champions | Last champions |
| 1 | Singapore (SGP) | 24.5 | 0 | 24.5 | 1931 | 1965 | E. J. Vass J. de Souza | Lindy Lin Vivien Gwee |
| 2 | Indonesia (INA) | 2 | 10 | 12 | 1967 | 2014 | Darmadi Minarni | Tontowi Ahmad Liliyana Natsir |
| 3 | Malaysia (MAS) | 4.5 | 1 | 5.5 | 1957 | 2018 | Lim Say Hup Jessie Ong | Goh Soon Huat Shevon Jemie Lai |
| 3 | Denmark (DEN) | 0.5 | 5 | 5.5 | 1968 | 2023 | Svend Andersen Noriko Takagi | Mathias Christiansen Alexandra Bøje |
| 5 | China (CHN) | 0 | 5 | 5 | 2005 | 2024 | Zhang Jun Gao Ling | Zheng Siwei Huang Yaqiong |
| 6 | South Korea (KOR) | 0 | 4 | 4 | 1999 | 2016 | Kim Dong-moon Ra Kyung-min | Ko Sung-hyun Kim Ha-na |
| 7 | Sweden (SWE) | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1990 | 1992 | Jan-Eric Antonsson Maria Bengtsson | Pär-Gunnar Jönsson Maria Bengtsson |
| 7 | Thailand (THA) | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2019 | 2022 | Dechapol Puavaranukroh Sapsiree Taerattanachai | Dechapol Puavaranukroh Sapsiree Taerattanachai |
| 9 | Chinese Taipei (TPE) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2012 | 2012 | Chen Hung-ling Cheng Wen-hsing | Chen Hung-ling Cheng Wen-hsing |
| 10 | Japan (JPN) | 0.5 | 0 | 0.5 | 1968 | 1968 | Svend Andersen Noriko Takagi | Svend Andersen Noriko Takagi |

### Multiple finalists

Bold indicates active players. Italic indicates players who never won the championship.
| Rank | Country | Player | Amateur era | Open era | All-time |
| 1 | SGP | Ong Poh Lim | 12 | 0 | 12 |
| 2 | INA | Liliyana Natsir | 0 | 8 | 8 |
| 3 | SGP | Alice Pennefather | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 4 | SGP | Jessie Ong | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 4 | KOR | Kim Dong-moon | 0 | 5 | 5 |
| 6 | SGP | E. J. Vass | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 6 | SGP | Lau Hui Huang | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 6 | DEN | Rikke Olsen | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 6 | INA | Nova Widianto | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 6 | INA | Tontowi Ahmad | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 11 | SGP | J. de Souza | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 11 | SGP | Wong Peng Soon | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 11 | SGP | Waileen Wong | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 11 | SGP | Ong Siew Yong | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 11 | SGP | Teoh Peng Hooi | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 11 | MAS | Lim Say Hup | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 11 | SGP | Lim Choo Eng | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 11 | SGP | Tan Boon Liat | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 11 | MAS | Sylvia Ng | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 11 | MAS | Ng Boon Bee | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 11 | SWE | Maria Bengtsson | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 11 | KOR | Ra Kyung-min | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 11 | DEN | Michael Søgaard | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 11 | THA | Dechapol Puavaranukroh | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 11 | THA | Sapsiree Taerattanachai | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 11 | CHN | Huang Yaqiong | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 27 | SGP | Yap Chin Tee | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | SGP | Tan Chong Tee | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | SGP | Lee Shao Meng | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | SGP | S. A. Durai | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | SGP | Yoong Sook Lian | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | SGP | Quek Keng Chuan | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | SGP | Cheong Hock Leng | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | SGP | Teo Tiang Seng | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | SGP | Goh Tian Chye | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | SGP | Nancy Sng | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | THA | Pachara Pattabongse | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | THA | Chirasak Champakao | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | DEN | Thomas Lund | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 27 | SWE | Pär-Gunnar Jönsson | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 27 | KOR | Gil Young-ah | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 27 | INA | Tri Kusharjanto | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 27 | INA | Minarti Timur | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 27 | ENG | Nathan Robertson | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 27 | ENG | Gail Emms | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 27 | CHN | Zheng Bo | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 27 | THA | Sudket Prapakamol | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 27 | CHN | Ma Jin | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 27 | TPE | Chen Hung-ling | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 27 | TPE | Cheng Wen-hsing | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 27 | CHN | Lu Kai | 0 | 2 | 2 |