OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# De Hempenserpoldermolen

De Hempenserpoldermolen is a smock mill in Wergea, Friesland, Netherlands which was built in 1863 and has been restored to working order. It is listed as a Rijksmonument.

## History

De Hempenserpoldermolen was built in 1863 to drain the Hempensermeerpolder. There had been a mill on the site since 1784. The mill worked by wind alone until 1955. A Brons diesel engine had been placed in the mill in 1953. In 1955, the mill was offered for sale and demolition, contrary to a directive requiring it to be kept in working order. The Provincial Executive refused permission for the mill's demolition and suggested that the municipality took over the mill. On 30 December 1959, the water board sold the mill to the municipality Boarnsterhim for ƒ2. A condition of the sale was that the diesel engine remained in the mill. The mill was restored in 1983 by millwright Tacoma of Stiens, Friesland. The diesel engine was replaced by an electric motor in 1986. The mill was sold to the Molenstichting Boarnsterheim in 2010. It is listed as a Rijksmonument, №34603.

## Description

De Hempenserpoldermolen is what the Dutch describe as a Grondzeiler. It is a two storey smock mill on a single storey base. There is no stage, the sails reaching almost to ground level. The mill is winded by tailpole and winch. The smock and cap are thatched. The sails are Common sails. They have a span of 23.80 metres (78 ft 1 in). The sails are carried on a cast iron windshaft, which was cast by Gietijzerij De Prins van Oranje, The Hague in 1889. The windshaft carries the brake wheel which has 60 cogs. This drives the wallower (30 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft there are two crown wheels The upper crown wheel, which has 36 cogs drives an Archimedes' screw via a crown wheel. The lower crown wheel, which has 37 cogs is carried on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which is used to drain the polder. The axle of the screw is 40 centimetres (1 ft 4 in) diameter and 5.80 metres (19 ft 0 in) long. The screw is 90 centimetres (2 ft 11 in) diameter. It is inclined at 29.5°. Each revolution of the screw lifts 180 litres (40 imp gal) of water.

## Public access

De Hempenserpoldermolen is open whenever the mill is working by wind, or by appointment.
# Thomas Leitch

Thomas M. Leitch (born June 23, 1951) is an American academic and film scholar, the author of several authoritative books on film studies and one on Wikipedia.

## Early life

Leitch was born in Orange, New Jersey, and educated at Columbia University, where in 1972 he graduated BA magna cum laude in English and Comparative Literature, and then at Yale University, where he became an MA in 1973 and a PhD in 1976.

## Academic career

Leitch's first academic post was as assistant professor in the department of English at Yale, from 1976 to 1983. He then had the same position at the department of English, University of Delaware, from 1983 to 1986, when he became an associate professor there. He advanced to professor of English at the University of Delaware in 1991, and remains in post. He has also taught as a Fulbright Lecturer at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
His fields of study are American and British literature, cultural studies, film and new media, and public humanities. He “drifted into film studies” in the 1980s and since then has taught undergraduate courses in film and graduate courses in cultural and literary theory.

## Reception

Times Higher Education reviewed Leitch's Wikipedia U: Knowledge, Authority and Liberal Education in the Digital Age (2014), noting his view that the assumptions made by Wikipedia's critics about accuracy and authority are themselves open to debate. In the book, Leitch argues that Wikipedia is “an ideal instrument for probing the central assumptions behind liberal education”.

## Personal life

Leitch married in 1977 and has two children. He is a Roman Catholic and a Democrat.

## Selected publications

* What Stories Are: Narrative Theory and Interpretation (University Park: Penn State University Press, 1986)
* Find the director and Other Hitchcock Games (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1991)
* Lionel Trilling: An Annotated Bibliography (New York: Garland, 1992)
* The Encyclopedia of Alfred Hitchcock (New York: Facts on File, 2002)
* Crime Films (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002)
* Perry Mason (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2005)
* Film Adaptation and its Discontents: From Gone with the Wind to The Passion of the Christ (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007)
* A Companion to Alfred Hitchcock, with Leland A. Poague (Wiley-Blackwell, 2011) (ed.)
* Wikipedia U: Knowledge, Authority, and Liberal Education in the Digital Age (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014)
* Oxford Handbook of Adaptation Studies. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017) (ed.)
* The History of American Literature on Film (Bloomsbury Press, 2019)
# Desmoscelis

Desmoscelis is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Melastomataceae.
Its native range is Southern Tropical America.
Species:
* Desmoscelis calcarata Triana
* Desmoscelis villosa (Aubl.) Naudin
# Ailton Silva

Ailton Silva may refer to:
* Ailton dos Santos Silva (born 1966), Brazilian football manager
* Ailton Ferreira Silva (born 1995), Brazilian footballer
# Chamutete

Chamutete is a town in southern Angola. Chamutete is also spelled Techamutete. It lies in Huíla Province.

## Transport

It is currently terminus for a branch railway from Dongo on the Southern Railway system. In 2007, talks between Angola and Namibia were considering the interlinking of their respective railways with a line passing through Chamutete, and Oshikango on the border. The central and northern systems would remain to be linked.
# Wizard Wells, Texas

Wizard Wells is an unincorporated farming community in Jack County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 69 in 2000.

## History

Because a man named G. W. Vineyard controlled a large portion of the land, the settlement was formerly known as Old Vineyard. According to legend, Vineyard found that the spring waters on his property healed the sores on his legs in the 1880s. The settlers called the burgeoning settlement Wizard Wells due to the purported miraculous healing. Wizard Wells has long been a hub for the local farming community and a place to shop. Between 1920 and 1940, the town's population was approximately 175 people. The population of Wizard Wells began to gradually drop in the 1950s. The projected population of the village was 69 in 1986 and remained that way until 2000.
Butterfield Overland Mail had a stage stand in the community.$^{:72}$

## Geography

Wizard Wells is located on Farm to Market Road 1156, 13 mi (21 km) east of Jacksboro in east-central Jack County.

## Education

Today, the community is served by the Jacksboro Independent School District.
# Clarke Hinkle Field

Clarke Hinkle Field is one of the two outdoor American football practice facilities of the Green Bay Packers (the other being Ray Nitschke Field). These fields, together with the Don Hutson Center, comprise the team's training complex.
The field is named for Clarke Hinkle, who played for the Packers from 1932 to 1941. Hinkle is a member of both the Pro Football and Packers halls of fame. The field itself has been in use by the team since 1958, and was named for the former player in 1997.
Clarke Hinkle Field has a sand-based natural turf surface, installed in 2005. The natural grass surface is reinforced with artificial fibers using the Desso GrassMaster system. It was installed at Clarke Hinkle Field as a test for the turf problems that plagued Lambeau Field in the later months of the season which proved successful, as Lambeau Field itself was sodded with the Desso GrassMaster system in 2007. The nearby outdoor Ray Nitschke Field has an artificial FieldTurf surface, allowing the team to practice on surfaces used by the majority of NFL teams.
# Great Central

Great Central or Great Central Railway may refer to:

## Railways

* Great Central Railway, a historical railway company in the United Kingdom
* Great Central Railway (heritage railway), a modern heritage railway in Leicestershire, England
* Great Central Railway (Nottingham), a modern heritage railway in Nottinghamshire, England
* Great Central Main Line, the historical route these companies follow(ed)
* Great Lakes Central Railroad, a short line in Michigan, United States
* Great Western and Great Central Joint Railway, a main line in south east England
* Hull and Barnsley and Great Central Joint Railway, also known as the Gowdall and Braithwell Railway
* Great Central tube station, the former name of Marylebone London Underground station, in England

## Other

* Great Central Lake, lake in British Columbia, Canada
* Great Central League, baseball league in the Upper Midwest United States
* Great Central Mines, a defunct mining company in Australian
* Great Central Road, in Australia
# Canutillo Formation

The Canutillo Formation is a geologic formation that is exposed in the Franklin Mountains near El Paso, Texas. The formation is Middle Devonian in age.

## Description

The Canutillo Formation consists of about 15 feet (4.6 m) of soft gray siltstone. It is unconformably overlain by the Percha Formation. The Canutillo Formation likely correlates with the Onate Formation.

## Fossils

The formation is fossiliferous, but few fossils are time diagnostic. Fossils include abundant Leiorhynchus and other brachiopods and a few pelecypods.

## History of investigation

The formation was first described in his dissertation by L.A. Nelson in 1937 for outcrops in the Franklin Mountains. Nelson assigned all beds between the Silurian Fusselman Formation and the Mississippian Helms Formation to the Canutillo. Nelson formally published the definition in 1940 and extended the outcrop range to the Hueco Mountains. In 1945, F.V. Stevenson restricted the formation to the Franklin Mountains. In 1949, Lowell R. Laudon and Arthur L. Bowshwer restricted the formation to a sequence of just 15 feet (4.6 m) of soft gray siltstone.
# Chamblet

Chamblet (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Allier department in central France.
# Chalcosyrphus cuprescens

Chalcosyrphus cuprescens is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae.

## Distribution

Panama.
# Chalcosyrphus dubius

Chalcosyrphus dubius is a species of syrphid fly in the family Syrphidae.

## Distribution

Canada, United States.
# Changan Ruixing S50

The Ruixing S50 and Ruixing S50V is a 7-seater MPV produced by Changan Automobile under the Ruixing sub-brand.

## Overview

The Ruixing S50 debuted in the 2016 and was launched on the Chinese auto market with prices ranging from 48,900 yuan to 77,900 yuan at launch.
The Ruixing S50 seats seven in a 2-2-3 configuration. The power of the Ruixing S50 comes from a 1.6-liter inline-four producing 116hp and 150nm of torque. The front and rear end design of the Ruixing S50 is controversial as the styling heavily resembles the second generation Toyota Alphard.
The Ruixing S50 is manufactured by Chana, Changan's commercial division, also later known as Oushang. As of 2019, the Ruixing van products has been excluded from Oushang's official website and was sold separately from a different channel. Internationally, the Ruixing S50 was sold simply as the Changan S50.
# Bohumil Musil

Bohumil Musil (10 May 1922 – 5 December 1999) was a Czech football player and later manager.
As a player, Musil played for several Czechoslovak clubs, but never gained any success with them. He was far more successful as a football coach. After finishing his active career, Musil started to work as a football manager. He coached famous Prague clubs, Dukla Prague and Slavia Prague. He also coached briefly Czechoslovakia national football team.
He led Dukla Prague to two Czechoslovak First League championships, in 1953 and 1966. In 1966 he also won the Czechoslovak Cup with Dukla. Musil was noted for his coaching skills of youth football teams.
# Bohumil Sekla

Bohumil Sekla (16 May 1901 in Bohuslavice – 7 August 1987 in Prague) was a Czechoslovak biologist. He specialised in genetics and was known as an expert in determining parenthood by the biological-hereditary method.
Sekla studied at Charles University in Prague, first history, then psychology and finally biology. After his studies he worked at the university and became one of the founders of modern genetics in Czechoslovakia. During 1933-45 Sekla was the leader of Czechoslovakian eugenic society (Československá eugenická společnost). During the 1950s he needed to defend genetics against Lysenkoism. When this theory got discredited he got the chance to establish and lead modern research institutes (Department of Human and Medical Genetics of the Biological Institute in 1969 and Department of Medical Genetics of the Teaching Hospital in 1970). Due to political activity during Prague Spring Sekla was forced into retirement but he continued to work as physician-specialist until 1985.
# Channel 18 branded TV stations in the United States

The following television stations in the United States brand as channel 18 (though neither using virtual channel 18 nor broadcasting on physical RF channel 18):
* WBGT-CD in Rochester, New York
* WVVA-DT2 in Bluefield, Virginia
* WWJE-DT in Derry, New Hampshire
The following television stations in the United States formerly branded as channel 18:
# Changing the Game (film)

Changing the Game is a 2012 dramatic film starring Sean Riggs, Tony Todd, Raw Leiba, Sticky Fingaz, Brandon Ruckdashel and Irma P. Hall and directed by Rel Dowdell. The film opened theatrically by AMC Theatres in New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, DC, Atlanta and was cited by the noted website FilmFresh.com as one of the top three African-American films of 2012. The film recently premiered on May 15, 2014 on cable channel BET as the "Movie of the Week."

## Plot

Darrel (Riggs) is a supremely intelligent African-American man who rises from the tough streets of Philadelphia to the world of high finance on Wall Street. He soon learns the white-collar world is filled with as much crime as the drug-filled hood he left behind.

## Cast

* Sean Riggs as Darrell Barnes
* Tony Todd as Curtis the Diabolical / FBI Agent
* Irma P. Hall as Grandma Barnes, Darrell's grandmother
* Sticky Fingaz as Craig
* Brandon Ruckdashel as Marty Levine
* Munir R. Kreidie as Obul Metha
* Dennis L.A. White as Andre "Dre" Newell
* Mari White as Jennifer
* Suzzanne Douglas as Mrs. Davis, Darrell's teacher
* Raw Leiba as Balu
* Elizabeth Marie Camacho as Julissa, Sexy Flight Attendant
* Charli Baltimore as News Reporter
# Bolinhos de mandioca com mel

Bolinhos de mandioca com mel ("little balls of manioc with honey") is a traditional Cape Verdean dessert.
It is made by mixing whole eggs with molasses (referred to in Portuguese as "cane honey"). To this are added water, aguardente liquor, and oil. The ball is then rolled in manioc flour to form balls which are then baked in an oven.
# Kaland, Austrheim

Kaland is a village in Austrheim municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the northwestern tip of the mainland Alver peninsula, just west of the Mongstad industrial area. The 0.9-square-kilometre (220-acre) village has a population (2019) of 477 and a population density of 530 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,400/sq mi).
# Chinese accounting standards

Chinese accounting standards are the accounting rules used in mainland China. As of February 2010, the Chinese accounting standard systems is composed of Basic Standard, 38 specific standards and application guidance.
Chinese accounting standards are unique because they originated in a socialist period in which the state was the sole owner of industry. Therefore, unlike Western accounting standards, they were less a tool of profit and loss, but an inventory of assets available to a company. In contrast to a Western balance sheet, Chinese accounting standards did not include an accounting of the debts that a corporation holds, and were less suitable for management control than for accounting for tax purposes.
This system of accounting was widely considered to be unsuitable for managing corporations in a market economy. In 2006, the Chinese government introduced a revised accounting law. This was the fruit of considerable discussion and protracted debate, involving the Ministry of Finance, members of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and representatives of some Chinese firms.
This revised law marked a large step forward for the continuing integration of world trade and capital markets, with China adopting a significant number of the accounting standards laid out by the International Accounting Standards Board. The old Chinese Accounting Standards (CAS) were largely replaced by the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), to bring China more in line with the rest of the world. The similarity between the new Chinese accounting standards and the IFRS is almost 90–95%.
This has proven to be a massive undertaking. As a consequence Chinese companies who offer shares for sale in the United States used to be required to prepare three sets of statements, one using Chinese accounting standards (China GAAP), one using international standards (IFRS), and one using North American GAAP standards (US GAAP). However, since 2008 the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) allows foreign private issuers to use financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS.
# Charbonnel et Walker

Charbonnel et Walker Chocolatier is a British firm of chocolate makers based in Bond Street, London.

## History

Encouraged by Albert, Prince of Wales, later King Edward VII, in 1875 Virginie Eugenie Lévy, née Charbonnel, of Maison Boissier chocolate house in Paris, and Minnie Walker began a partnership in London as "Parisian Confectioners and Bon-Bon Manufacturers". The partnership of Charbonnel and [sic] Walker was dissolved on 16 April 1878 and Walker carried on alone until her death on 8 June 1883. The notice of death published in the London Gazette referred to "Mary Ann Alphandery also known as Minnie Walker". The company of Charbonnel and Walker Limited went into liquidation in June 1894. The connection with the royal family continues, as Charbonnel et Walker hold a Royal Warrant as Chocolate Manufacturers to the Queen.
Charbonnel et Walker is based in the Royal Arcade in Bond Street, not far from the original premises, and manufactured its chocolates at its factory in Tunbridge Wells, Kent, until 2018 when it relocated their production to Poundbury, Dorset.
The company claims a number of notable figures from history to have been customers, such as Noël Coward (who is said to have requested a fortnightly delivery box of their finest selections to his home), Wallis Simpson, Sir John Gielgud, Sir Alec Guinness, Lauren Bacall, Princess Diana and Princess Margaret. Prince Francis of Teck, the younger brother of the British queen Mary of Teck, bequeathed the Teck Emeralds to his mistress "after courting her with Charbonnel et Walker chocolates."

## Confectioneries

Charbonnel et Walker offers a wide variety of chocolates, as well as sugar confections like crystalized ginger and glazed brazil nuts. A speciality is the Marc de Champagne Chocolate Truffles: these are chocolate truffles with chocolate butter infused with Marc de Champagne.
The company also produces a themed "James Bond – 007" range, inspired by the James Bond film franchise, including 007 Dry Martini Truffles. Their hot drinking chocolate was created by Charbonnel in 1875; it is available in Original and Sea Salt Caramel flavours.

## Branches

As of 2022, there are four Charbonnel et Walker shops, as well as two outlets in department stores:
* Old Bond Street, London
* Canary Wharf, London
* Leeds, West Yorkshire
* Broadgate Circle, London
* Harrods – Chocolate Room (Ground Floor), London
* Selfridges – Chocolate Room (Lower Ground Floor), London
# Charbonnières, Saône-et-Loire

Charbonnières (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.
# Chipley

Chipley may refer to:
* Chipley, Florida, a city in Washington County, Florida, United States
* Chipley, Georgia or Pine Mountain, Harris County, Georgia
* Chipley, Somerset, a United Kingdom location
* Chipley Priory, a medieval Augustine priory near Clare, Suffolk, United Kingdom

## People with the surname

* Bill Chipley, American football player
* William Dudley Chipley, American railroad tycoon and statesman
# Kambiwa

Kambiwa is a genus of Brazilian cellar spiders that was first described by B. A. Huber in 2000. As of June 2019 it contains only two species, found only in Brazil: K. anomala and K. neotropica.
# Dean Spratt

Dean Spratt (1952–2007) was an American traffic reporter. He was one of eight children born to Mary and Ray Spratt. He grew up in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Blind from birth Spratt attended St. Cloud State University where he studied communications. In November 1981, Spratt became the first traffic reporter at WCCO-AM radio, as well as the first blind traffic reporter in the country. Spratt worked primarily out of an office in his home that he transformed into a sound booth and filled it with police scanners, telephones, radio equipment, and later computers.

## Life

Spratt was married to Stephanie Borden and they had a son, Benjamin. They divorced in 1987. Spratt later married Carolyn who brought three sons to the family and together they had two daughters, Elizabeth and Lisa.
Spratt was a lover of electronics and amateur radio. He held the callsign N0HSR from 1997 until his death in 2007. On satellite communication networks he was known as the SkyScanner.
In 2004 Dean lost his position at WCCO due to consolidation and restructuring. His traffic position was outsourced to a company called Metro, who hired Spratt to continue to do the traffic. But, that position was also phased out. He then took up his hobby of amateur radio, and joined the W0KIE Satellite Radio Network where he hosted a weekly music/tech/comedy show, Thursday Night Potpourri. It was broadcast on W0KIE as well as streamed on the internet.

## Death

In January 2007 Spratt suffered a stroke. Shortly before entering physical therapy Spratt developed a complication and died on January 20, 2007, surrounded by family.

## Legacy

Shortly after Spratt's death, W0KIE disappeared from the airwaves; but a successor emerged under the new moniker SkyScanner Satellite Radio Network, in Spratt's honor, and remained on air until moving exclusively to the internet in 2011. The network still replays Spratt's Thursday Night Potpourri show.
The radio serial, Powder River, produced by the Colonial Radio Theatre, and a favorite satellite program, dedicated its fourth season to Spratt, who guest starred in two episodes as Dr. Lyman before he died.
# Dha. Velu

Dha. Velu is an Indian politician who is a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected from Mylapore as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate in 2021.

## Elections contested

| Election | Constituency | Party | Result | Vote % | Runner-up | Runner-up Party | Runner-up vote % |
| 2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election | Mylapore | DMK | Won | 45.51% | R. Nataraj | ADMK | 39.12% |
# Jonathan Davies

Jonathan Davies may refer to:
* Jonathan Davies (rugby, born 1962), Welsh dual-code rugby player and TV pundit
* Jonathan Davies (rugby union, born 1988), Welsh rugby union player
* Jonathan Davies (cricketer, born 1976), former English cricketer
* Jonathan Davies (cricketer, born 1980), former Welsh cricketer
* Jon Davies, American meteorologist and storm chaser
* Jonathan Davies (English priest) (died 1809), Canon of Windsor and headmaster of Eton College
* Jonathan Ceredig Davies (1859–1932), Welsh traveller and writer
* Jonathan Davies (Welsh priest) (born 1969), Welsh Anglican priest
* Jonathan Davies (athlete) (born 1994), English middle- and long-distance runner
* Jonathan Davies (politician), British MP for Mid Derbyshire