OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Balouria

Balouria (Balauria, Balowria, Baloria or Billawaria) is a clan of Chandravanshi Rajputs, claiming descent from the Balauria kings of Basohli princely state. The Chandravanshi Rajputs ruled the modern areas of Billawar, Basohli, and Bhaderwah from around 750 AD until the 19th-century annexation. They derive their name from their kingdom, Balor (now known as Billawar).
Raja Bhogpal, of the Pal dynasty of Kullu, founded Balor, today known as Billawar, in the late 7th century AD. The ruling family of Balor were subsequently known as Balouria. They mostly live in and around Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh, in North India. The Balouria clan established the Kingdom of Bashohli, Bhaderwah, Batol and Bhadu in Jammu and Kashmir. Raja Bhupat Pal (1598-1635), Raja Medini Pal (1725-1736) and Raja Amrit Pal (1757-1776) were some of the prominent kings among the Balouria rulers. They derive their name from Balaur (modern day Billawar), first capital of the Basohli princely state.
# David Essig

David Essig (born December 2, 1945, in Frederick, Maryland) is a Canadian singer-songwriter, producer and record label owner.

## History

David Essig was born in Frederick, Maryland, in 1945. In 1971, he emigrated to Canada, and became a Canadian citizen in 1978. He was first introduced to Canadian audiences as a performer at the 1971 Mariposa Folk Festival. He developed a particular popularity in Italy, where he has toured over twenty times. In 1974, he established one of Canada's first musician-owned and operated record labels, Woodshed Records. A number of the label's releases were distributed by Posterity Records, owned by Harvey Glatt, under the Posterity-Woodshed label. The label was revived as "New Woodshed" in 1984. Records produced by Essig include releases by Willie P. Bennett, Cathy Fink and Duck Donald, Dixie Flyers, Fred Eaglesmith and Jackie Washington.
# Lampyris algerica

Lampyris algerica is a species of firefly in the genus Lampyris. It lives in Algeria and is commonly known as a glowworm, although this name is not specific to the species.
# Apterosperma

Apterosperma is a monotypic genus of plants in the family Theaceae. The sole species is Apterosperma oblata, which is endemic to China and is threatened by habitat loss.
# Cesare Agostino Detti

Cesare Agostino Detti, or Cesare-Auguste Detti (Novembre 28, 1848, Spoleto – May 19, 1914, Paris), was an Italian painter, best known for his historical genre scenes, largely from the 17th and 18th centuries, inspired by the Troubadour style.

## Biography

His father, Davide Detti, was an engineer and an amateur painter. As a result, his early interest in art was encouraged. In 1861, he made the acquaintance of Francesco Coghetti, a painter from Rome who was creating murals at the Teatro Nuovo (now known as the Teatro Nuovo Gian Carlo Menotti [it]). Coghetti suggested that Detti receive formal training at the Accademia di San Luca, where he was a professor. Detti studied there until 1866 and came under the influence of Marià Fortuny, who introduced him to the work of the Macchiaioli.
Upon graduating, he began to travel extensively, spending several years in Naples and exhibiting there in 1872. Although he had originally decided to settle in Rome, he visited Paris in 1876 and met Adolphe Goupil, one of the leading art dealers of his time. Not only did Goupil agree to exhibit his works, but he also arranged to make them into engravings for his bourgeois customers.
He eventually decided to stay in Paris and held his first exhibit at the Salon in 1877. His commitment to Paris was further strengthened when, in 1880, he married Juliette-Emilie Filieuse, with whom he had two daughters and a son. In 1883, the family relocated to the commune of Bourron-Marlotte, just outside of Paris. There, he became associated with a society of independent landscape painters known as the Groupe de Marlotte [fr].
In 1888, he participated in the Italian Exhibition in London. He also held showings at the Exposition Universelle (1889), where he was vice-president of the "Italian Committee", and the Exposition Universelle (1900), where he was awarded a silver medal. His later years were filled with travels, including Latin America and a trip to the United States from 1906 to 1910.
At the outbreak of World War I, France required all foreign nationals to return to their home countries. Detti had never taken French citizenship, so he was forced to return to Rome. While there, he received a call that his son was seriously ill and he went back to Paris, where he died shortly after his arrival.
# War (Bolt Thrower album)

War is a live album by Bolt Thrower recorded in Manchester 1992, on an 8-track tape. It was originally recorded by the band members in order to have some of their own live recordings for posterity. Later on Earache Records wanted to release a special edition of the ...For Victory album, thus it was packed with that album in 1994 in a limited 2CD package; i.e., they just replaced the box with a 2CD box and added the second disc. The album is sometimes known or listed as Live War.
The promo edition was labeled Mosh 124, which is a mistake, since according to the official Earache catalogue Mosh 124 is a Fudge Tunnel album.

## Personnel

* Karl Willetts – vocals
* Gavin Ward – guitars
* Barry Thomson – guitars
* Andrew Whale – drums
* Jo Bench – bass
# Discrete two-point space

In topology, a branch of mathematics, a discrete two-point space is the simplest example of a totally disconnected discrete space. The points can be denoted by the symbols 0 and 1.

## Properties

Any disconnected space has a continuous mapping which is not constant onto the discrete two-point space. Conversely if a nonconstant continuous mapping to the discrete two-point space exists from a topological space, the space is disconnected.
# Thog

Thog may refer to
* Thog (comics), a Marvel comics character
* the THOG problem, a logic puzzle by psychologist Peter Wason
* Thog, a character in the webcomic The Order of the Stick
* Thog, a large blue monster in The Muppet Show
# Ban Tum railway station

Ban Tum railway station is a railway station located in Pak Thok Subdistrict, Phitsanulok City, Phitsanulok. It is located 400.005 km from Bangkok railway station and is a class 3 railway station. It is on the Northern Line of the State Railway of Thailand.
# Liberal Party of Canada candidates in the 1945 Canadian federal election

The Liberal Party of Canada fielded candidates in the 1945 Canadian federal election, and won seats to form their third consecutive majority government. Many of the party's candidates have their own biography pages; information about others may be found here.

## Alberta
### Vegreville: Albert Ernest Archer

Albert Ernest Archer received 4,806 votes (28.45%), finishing second against Social Credit incumbent Anthony Hlynka. See his biography for further details.

### Wetaskiwin: Robert Henry Charles Harrison

Robert Harrison was a barrister. He received 3,040 votes (16.68%), finishing fourth against Social Credit incumbent Norman Jaques.
The website of the Glenbow Museum of Alberta includes references to a Queen's Counsel named Robert H. Harrison, who was inducted as an honorary chief of the Tsuu T'ina Nation in 1967. It is possible that this is the same person as the 1945 candidate.
# Laoyou rice noodles

Laoyou rice noodles (Chinese: 老友粉), which translates as "old friend rice noodles", also referred to as "ol' buddy noodles", is a local noodle dish local to Nanning, China. It is made of fried pepper, sour bamboo shoots, black beans, garlic, pork, soup and rice noodles.

## Legend

In the 1930s, an old man in Nanning used to visit a tea house every day. But once, he did not show up for many days due to the flu. When the tea house owner heard about it, he prepared a bowl of hot noodles for the old man with pickled bamboo shoots, chili, fermented soya beans, and crushed garlic. The sour and spicy noodles helped the old man recover fast. The old man was grateful to the tea house owner and later sent him a plaque reading "old friend frequent." According to the story, this is how laoyou noodles, also known as "old friend noodles" or "old buddy noodles", got its name. Since the people of Nanning love eating rice noodles, the dish gradually became laoyou rice noodles.
# Archibald Bishop (disambiguation)

Archibald Bishop (1829–1901) was a Canadian politician.
Archibald Bishop may also refer to:
* Archie Bishop, character in The Dead (Higson novel)
* Archie Bishop, character in Hawk(e): The Movie
# Bob Agee

Bob R. Agee was the thirteenth President of Oklahoma Baptist University from 1982 to 1998. He also served as the Executive Director for the International Association of Baptist Colleges and Universities from 1997 to 2007.

## Biography

Agee attended Union University in Jackson, Tennessee where he received his Bachelor of Arts degree. He went on to attend the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary in Louisville, Kentucky where he received Master of Divinity and Doctor of Ministry degrees. Agee also holds a Ph.D. in Higher Education Administration from Vanderbilt University's George Peabody College for Teachers in Nashville, Tennessee and an Honorary Doctor of Divinity degree from California Baptist University.
He served as Vice President for Religious Affairs, professor of practical studies in the religion department, and as Special Assistant to the President for Institutional Planning at Union University in Jackson, Tennessee. He then served as the thirteenth President of Oklahoma Baptist University from 1982 to 1998. He was the Executive Director for the International Association of Baptist Colleges and Universities from 1997 to 2007.
He serves on the Boards of Directors of the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities and the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities. He is also involved with the commission on Policy Analysis for the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities, the Education and Evangelism Committee of the Baptist World Alliance, the Accreditation Review Council for the North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, the National Council for the Accreditation of Teacher Education, the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities, and the Education Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention. From 1998 to 2002, he served as Executive Director of the Consortium for Global Education.
# Varkaus Speedway Stadion

Varkaus Speedway Stadion is a motorcycle speedway in Varkaus, Finland. It is located on the northern outskirts of the town off the Tykkitie road, adjacent to the motorcycle racing and karting facilities.

## History

The Speedway circuit is one of the oldest in Finland and held the final of the Finnish Individual Speedway Championship three times in 1985, 1995 and 2002.
In recent years the track has been renovated to meet international regulations and was chosen as the venue for the 2018 Individual Speedway Junior European Championship final and the semi-final of the 2023 European Pairs Speedway Championship.
In 2024, the track was selected to hold the semi-final of the European Under-19 Individual Speedway Championship.
# Ernst Lemmermann

Ernst Johann Lemmermann (27 May 1867 in Bremen – 11 May 1915 in Bremen) was a German botanist who specialized in the field of phycology.
During his career he taught classes (Seminarlehrer) in Bremen, where he also worked as a botanical assistant at the Städtisches Museum für Natur-, Völker- und Handelskunde. In Bremen he was an instructor to biologist Friedrich Hustedt (1886-1968), who named the diatom species of Achnanthes lemmermannii in honor of his former teacher in 1933.
He was also honoured in 1942, in Lemmermanniella, which is a genus of cyanobacteria belonging to the family Synechococcaceae, and Lemmermannia which is a genus of fresh water trebouxiophyceans, named in 1904. Also, the blue-green algae species, Anabaena lemmermannii was named after Lemmermann, now a synonym of Dolichospermum lemmermannii (P.G.Richt.) Wacklin, L.Hoffm. & Komárek.

## Published works

* Algologische Beiträge (IV-V), 1898.
* Ergebnisse einer Reise nach dem Pacific (H. Schauinsland, 1896/97) : Plankton-algen, 1899 - Findings from a journey to the Pacific (Hugo Hermann Schauinsland, 1896-97): Plankton-algae.
* Das Genus Ophiocytium Naegeli, 1899.
* Flagellatae, Chlorophyceae, Coccosphaerales und Silicoflagellatae (1908) in: Nordisches Plankton by Karl Andreas Heinrich Brandt and Carl Apstein (editors) – Flagellatae, Chlorophyceae, Coccosphaerales and Silicoflagellatae.
* Das Plankton schwedischer Gewässer, 1904 - Plankton of Swedish waterways.
* Pantostomatineae, Protomastiginae, distomatinae, 1914.
# Evani

Evani is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Alberico Evani (born 1963), Italian footballer and manager
* Evani Esperance (born 1990), Surinamese footballer
# Ikuta

Ikuta may refer to;
* Ikuta Shrine, Japanese shrine
* Ikuta Station, Japanese railroad station
* Ikuta Atsumori, Japanese noh play

## People

* Chōkō Ikuta (生田 長江, 1882-1936), translator, literary critic
* Erina Ikuta (生田 衣梨奈, born 1997), Japanese idol singer (Morning Musume)
* Erika Ikuta (生田 絵梨花, born 1997), Japanese actress and former idol singer (Nogizaka46)
* Masaharu Ikuta (生田 正治, born 1935), Japanese businessman
* Sandra Segal Ikuta, American federal judge
* Toma Ikuta (生田 斗真, born 1984), Japanese actor
* Yasuhiro Ikuta (生田 康宏, born 1979), Japanese alpine skier
* Lilas Ikuta (幾田 りら, born 2000), Japanese singer (Yoasobi)
# Balka Suman

Balka Suman (born 18 October 1983) is an Indian politician. He is a former Member of Parliament in the 16th Lok Sabha from Peddapalli, Telangana. He won the 2014 Indian general election being a Bharat Rashtra Samithi candidate. He has been elected as an MLA from Chennur constituency in 2018 Telangana Legislative Assembly election.
He lost his election in 2023.

## Early life and education

Suman was born on 18 October 1983 in Regunta village of Karimnagar district of Telangana (erstwhile Andhra Pradesh) to Balka Suresh and Muttamma. His father Balka Suresh has been a strong TRS party supporter and Metpally TRS party president during Telangana movement; presently he is the Metpally Market Committee chairman; his mother Muttamma is a housewife. Suman has two siblings, a younger brother and sister. He is married to Rani Alekhya, a TV journalist, in 2013 and the couple has two children – Suhan and Sushan.
Suman completed primary education from Class 1 to 4 at Metpally. From Class 5 to 9, he studied at APSWR (TWSR) School for boys at Pembatla in Jagitial district. From SSC to Intermediate, he studied at APSWR (TSWRJC) at Rukmapur, Choppadandi in Karimnagar district.
After junior college, Balka Suman graduated with B.A. (HEP) Degree from Government Degree College, Korutla, Jagityal district. The year 2003 is significant in Suman's life as it marked his entry to Osmania University to do Master's in English at Secunderabad PG College. Suman joined M.Phil. in Linguistics in 2004 but dropped out of it as he was busy with student politics and separate Telangana movement. In 2008, he registered for PhD. in English at Arts College, Osmania University. His area of research is Native American Literature. He was awarded PhD in May 2023.

## Political career

Suman entered politics in 2001 by joining the Bharat Rashtra Samithi, and was a key driving force at Osmania University. He actively participated in Telangana agitation.
He served as O.U campus' student wing (BRSV) president for Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS) in 2007 and was made the student wing (BRSV) State President of BRS party in 2010. He is currently the MLA from Chennur constituency.
Between 2009 and 2014, he played an important role in the Telangana movement, supporting the demands of Telangana people.
Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) member in December 2018 elections at Chennur (SC) Constituency. He won the election with a majority of 28,132 votes against his opponents. However, he lost the election in December 2023 to Congress candidate G Vivek Venkata Swamy.

## Controversies

Suman was involved in a physical fight during a TV debate. Balka Suman is also known to be very aggressive in his style of politics. He was involved in fights with various district collectors and senior police officers during his tenure as Member of Parliament, and Member of Legislative Assembly. For the latest municipal elections in 2020, there is a serious allegation that he has threatened and bribed two candidates to withdraw from the elections.
# Archibald Carmichael

Archibald Carmichael may refer to:
* Archibald Hill Carmichael (1864–1947), U.S. Representative from Alabama
* Archibald M. Carmichael (1882–1959), Canadian farmer, minister, teacher and politician
* A. D. Carmichael (Archibald Drummond Carmichael, 1859–?), industrial chemist
# Cevizli, Gelibolu

Cevizli is a village in the Gelibolu District of Çanakkale Province in Turkey. Its population is 91 (2021).
# 77a Squadriglia

77a Squadriglia was one of the first Italian fighter squadrons. After its founding on 31 May 1916, it began flying combat in July 1916, and would operate until the end of World War I. It was one of the squadrons drawn into late 1917's Battle of Caporetto, and forced to retreat after the Italian defeat. By the time the Austro-Hungarians sued for peace, 77a Squadriglia could count some 50 aerial victories scored in about 250 victories.

## History

77a Squadriglia of the Corpo Aeronautico Militare was founded at La Comina on 31 May 1916. It was issued Nieuport 10 two-seaters and assigned to 3o Gruppo. The new squadron began flying combat operations in July 1916. After its move to Cascina Farello, on 14 November 1916 the squadron's airfield was bombed, killing two.
As the year turned, 77a Squadriglia was re-equipped with Nieuport 17 single-seat fighters. In March 1917, it began receiving Spad VIIs, which it emblazoned with the squadron symbol of a heart in a white circle. The unit was drawn into the northern frontier fighting at Caporetto. As a result of that Italian defeat, the squadron was forced to relocate rapidly three times. After coming to rest at Marcon, the squadron was attached as part of 13o Gruppo.
As the squadron's records have vanished, details of its later wartime service are scarce; one known notable feat was Italy's first night fighter victory on 24 July 1918, scored by Giovanni Ancillotto. However, when World War I did end, the squadron had flown more than 5,000 combat sorties, engaged its aerial enemies about 250 times, and been credited with 50 victories. Four of its pilots had become aces while within its ranks.

## Commanding officers

* Pier Ruggero Piccio: ca 30 May 1916 - 26 January 1917
* Ettore Croce: 26 January 1917
* Ferruccio Ranza
* Alberto Marazzani
* Filippo Serafini: August 1918

## Duty stations

* La Comina: from 25 May 1916
* Fossalunga: from June 1916
* Cascina Farello: from August 1916
* Aiello del Friuli: from March 1917
* La Comina: ca November 1917
* Arcade: ca November 1917
* Marcon: ca November–December 1917

## Notable members

* Pier Ruggero Piccio
* Giovanni Ancillotto
* Carlo Lombardi
* Ernesto Cabruna
* Cosimo Rizzotto

## Endnotes

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Franks et al 1997, pp. 123-124.
# Eublemma roseonivea

Eublemma roseonivea, the predaceous moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Francis Walker in 1863. It is found in China, Taiwan, the Philippines, Malaya and Borneo.
The larvae prey on lac insects.
# Evaniella californica

Evaniella californica is a species of ensign wasp in the family Evaniidae. It is found in North America.
# Thomas Ashe (writer)

Thomas Ashe (1770–1835) was an Irish novelist and miscellaneous writer.

## Biography

Ashe was the third son of a half-pay officer, and was born at Glasnevin, near Dublin, 15 July 1770. He received a commission in the 83rd regiment of foot, which, however, was almost immediately afterwards disbanded; and he was sent to a counting-house at Bordeaux. There he suffered a short imprisonment for wounding in a duel a gentleman whose sister he had seduced, but, the wound not proving fatal, the prosecution was not persisted in.
Returning to Dublin, Ashe was appointed secretary to the Diocesan and Endowed Schools Commission, but, getting into debt, resigned his office and retired to Switzerland. He then spent several years in foreign travel, living, according to his own account, in a free and unconstrained fashion, and experiencing a somewhat chequered fortune.
In his later years Ashe was short of money. He died at Bath on 17 December 1835.

## Works

Besides recording in his Memoirs his impressions of the countries he visited, Ashe published separately:
* Travels in America in 1806, for the Purpose of Exploring the rivers Alleghany, Monongahela, Ohio and Mississippi..., 1808;
* Memoirs of Mammoth and other Bones found in the vicinity of the Ohio, 1806
* A Commercial and Geographical Sketch of Brazil and Madeira, 1812.
* History of the Azores, Or Western Islands Containing an Account of the Government, Laws and Religion, the Manners, Ceremonies, and Character of the Inhabitants and Demonstrating the Importance of These Valuable Islands to the British Empire,1813.
He was also the author of novels, including the Spirit of the Book, 1811, 4th edition 1812; the Liberal Critic, or Henry Percy, 1812: and the Soldier of Fortune, 1816.