OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Universal Postal Union Collection

The Universal Postal Union Collection is a deposit by the General Post Office (GPO) in the United Kingdom, under section 4 of the Public Records Act, of its duplicate Universal Postal Union collection of 93,448 stamps, covering the period from 1908.

## History

The stamps of the dominions and foreign countries were not represented in the Museum's collection after 1890. Wilmot Corfield, one of the most prominent figures in Anglo-Indian philately at the beginning of this century, campaigned from 1910 onwards for the augmentation of the Tapling Collection or, if this were impossible, the creation of a collection of modern stamps in some other museum in the London area.
The stamps of the dominions and foreign countries were not represented in the British Museum's Tapling Collection after 1890. At the Fifth Philatelic Congress, held at Edinburgh in 1913, Wilmot Corfield outlined his proposals for the completion of the Tapling Collection and the establishment of a National Collection Committee which would assist the British Museum, on a voluntary basis, in keeping it up to date. E. D. Bacon, in his capacity as honorary philatelic adviser to the Museum, investigated the possibilities of acquiring stamps from the General Post Office. As a result, a parcel of stamps was handed over to the Museum early in 1914. The General Post Office offered to make regular donations of stamps to the Museum, but the offer was declined and, with the advent of the First World War, no further action was taken.
Negotiations between the General Post Office and the Museum in June 1962 and culminated in November 1964 with the transfer of the collection hitherto maintained by the Accountant General's Department. Since then specimens of all new issues received by the General Post Office from the International Bureau have been forwarded to the Museum for inclusion in this collection.
Colonial stamps circulated by the Universal Postal Union from 1885 till 1948 were overprinted or perforated SPECIMEN for security reasons, whereas the stamps given to the Museum direct were in mint, unoverprinted condition. In recent years the study of 'Specimen' overprints has developed as a branch of philately and the main value of this collection lies in the fact that it represents a period when such overprints (and their equivalents in German, Spanish, Russian, Italian, and Dutch) were in use.
There are a few stamps which were distributed through the Universal Postal Union but which were not subsequently issued in the country of origin. In these cases the only examples to survive are invariably in the official collections. They include the St. Helena I d. of 1903 printed entirely in red (instead of in red and black).
Apart from the interest to the student of 'specimen' stamps the value of this collection lies in its world-wide scope, as it provides the general public with the stamps of almost 500 postal administrations.
As of 2007 the stamps in the collection were held in 228 albums and the postal stationery in 22. There was a small amount of additional material.
# Grimsthorpe

Grimsthorpe is a hamlet in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the A151 road, and 3 miles (5 km) north-west from Bourne. Grimsthorpe falls within the civil parish of Edenham, which is governed by Edenham Grimsthorpe Elsthorpe & Scottlethorpe Parish Council.
Grimsthorpe Castle is 500 yards (460 m) to the west.
John Marius Wilson's 1870 Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Grimsthorpe as:
   a hamlet in Edenham parish, Lincoln; on the river Glen, 1½ mile W of Edenham village. Pop., 135. Grimsthorpe Park was the seat once of the Duke of Ancaster, afterwards of Lord Gwyder; is now the seat of Lord Willoughby d'Eresby; was built partly in the time of Henry III., but principally by the Duke of Suffolk, to entertain Henry VIII.; is a large, irregular, but magnificent structure; and stands in an ornate park, about 16 miles in circuit. A Cistertian abbey, founded about 1451, by the Earl of Albemarle, and called Vallis Dei, or, vulgarly, Vaudy, formerly stood in the park, about a mile from the castle.
Vaudey Abbey was a Cistercian abbey founded in 1147, dissolved in 1536. The Abbey and its commercial quarries became part of Grimsthorpe Park. The park itself is mentioned in the Domesday Book.
The majority of employment in the village is in agriculture, at Grimsthorpe Castle, or at the Black Horse public house.
# W. A. Fell

W. A. Fell was a member of the Executive Council of the Straits Settlements and the Legislative Council of the Straits Settlements, the director of several companies and the Director-general of the Department of Supply during World War II.

## Career

Fell arrived in British Malaya in 1908 and served as the director of Adamson Gilfillian & Co. for several years. He served on the Penang Harbour Board in 1920. He then served on the Singapore Harbour Board for 13 years, and as a committee member of the Singapore Chamber of Commerce for 15 years.
He was made an unofficial member of the Legislative Council of the Straits Settlements in 1929. He was made an honorary unofficial member of the council in 1930, and held the role until his term expired in 1936, after which he was replaced by A. E. Thornley-Jones.
He and Chan Sze Jin were appointed temporary unofficial members of the Executive Council of the Straits Settlements in place of Tan Cheng Lock and Arnold P. Robinson in June 1935. He was replaced by Richard Williamson in 1937. He was a member of the Singapore Improvement Trust from its establishment in 1927 to 1937.
He was a Justice of the Peace, as well as the director of Harper Gilfillan & Co. In April 1939, he was made a temporary member of the Advisory Committee of the Malayan Rubber Fund in place of W. E. Wallis, who was on leave. He was conferred the CBE in June. In 1941, he was appointed the Director-general of the Department of Supply.
# Vučija

Vučija (Serbian Cyrillic: Вучија) is a village in the municipality of Trebinje, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Torodora deltospila

Torodora deltospila is a moth in the family Lecithoceridae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1911. It is found in India in Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Dehradun and Jammu and Kashmir.
The wingspan is about 21 mm. The forewings are whitish ochreous with a blackish-fuscous streak along the basal sixth of the costa and a flattened-triangular blackish-fuscous blotch representing the plical and first discal stigmata, extending from near the base to the middle. There is an inverted-triangular blackish-fuscous blotch representing the second discal stigma and between these blotches are two fuscous spots. The dorsum is suffused with fuscous from near the base to the tornus. The posterior two-fifths of the wing are dark fuscous suffusedly irrorated with ochreous whitish, tending to form streaks on the veins, and cut by a nearly straight whitish-ochreous subterminal line parallel to the termen, slightly indented above the middle. The hindwings are light grey.
# Šmartno ob Dreti

Šmartno ob Dreti (pronounced) is a village on the Dreta River in the Municipality of Nazarje in Slovenia. The area belongs to the traditional region of Styria and is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

## Church

The local parish church in the centre of the village is dedicated to Saint Martin and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Celje. It was first mentioned in documents dating to 1426, but has numerous later additions.

## Gallery

* Historical postcard of Šmartno ob Dreti
# Zafar Ahmad Nizami

Zafar Ahmad Nizami (25 November 1939 — 23 April 2009) was an Indian author, poet and writer. He served the Jamia Millia Islamia as Professor of Political Science for about 30 years and authored books like Memarān-e-Jamia, Hindustān ke chand Siyasi Rahnuma, Maulana Azad Ki Kahani and Tarīkh-e-Hind: Ahd-e-Jadeed.

## Biography

Nizami was born on 25 November 1933 in Pratapgarh, Rajasthan. He pursued M.A degrees in English (1959) and Political Science (1961) from Vikram University, Ujjain. He taught in the colleges of Jaora, Ratlam, Sehore and Datia as a lecturer and then moved to Jamia Millia Islamia where he taught in the department of Political Science as a professor. He later became its head professor. He also served Institute of Objective Studies, New Delhi as director. He retired from the Jamia Millia Islamia in 2001. He died on 23 April 2009 in Escorts Hospital Delhi.

## Literary works

Nizami's works include:
* Memarān-e-Jamia (Urdu) — (The Founders of Jamia Millia Islamia).
* Hindustān ke chand Siyasi Rahnuma
* Maulana Azad Ki Kahani
* Tarīkh-e-Hind: Ahd-e-Jadeed
* Builders of Modern India: Hakim Ajmal Khan
* Dr. Zakir Hussain: A Pictorial Biography
* Qalmi Khāke
* Azadi-e-Hind Ki Jaddojahd Mai Musalmano Ka Kirdar (Vol 1)
* Jamaat-e-Islami: Spearhead of Separatism

## Legacy

Following research studies are few guided by Nizami:
* Gandhis technique of mass mobilization by Madan Mohan Verma.
* Diplomacy in Islam by Mohammad Ali Nasir Homoud.
* A study of India's political and economic co operation with Asean count by Suman Chaudhary.
# ICPF

ICPF may refer to:
* Inter Collegiate Prayer Fellowship, a Christian campus group which is spread across 19 countries
* Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, one of the six institutes belonging to the ASCR chemical sciences section
* International Commission on Peace and Food, private non-governmental initiative to bring an end to the arms race
# ICPR

ICPR could refer to:
* International Committee for Prostitutes' Rights, now known as the European Sex Workers' Rights Alliance
* Inter-university Consortium for Political Research, now known as the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research
* Indian Council of Philosophical Research
* International Conference on Pattern Recognition, a conference hosted by the International Association for Pattern Recognition
* International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine, a commission which is part of the management of the Rhine Basin
# Winifred Cooper

Winifred Cooper was a British film editor known for her work on films like They Met in the Dark and Hitchcock's Rich and Strange.

## Selected filmography

* Candlelight in Algeria (1944)
* They Met in the Dark (1943)
* At Dawn We Die (1943)
* Torpedoed (1937)
* Two Who Dared (1936)
* Bill and Coo (1931)
* East of Shanghai (1931)
* The Outsider (1931)
# Wilson, Calvert County, Maryland

Wilson is an unincorporated community in Calvert County, Maryland, United States. Wilson is located along Wilson Road near the Chesapeake Bay, 5.5 miles (8.9 km) northeast of Prince Frederick.
# Alta High School

Alta High School may refer to:

## In the United States

* Alta High School (Utah), Sandy, Utah
* Alta High School (Iowa), Alta, Iowa
# Alta Group Newspapers

Alta Group Newspapers Inc. was a newspaper publisher in the northeastern United States, overseeing three daily newspapers and one weekly newspaper before being bought and broken up by Community Newspaper Company in 1996.
The company's flagship property was the Journal Tribune in Biddeford, Maine. Its most profitable newspaper was The Milford Daily News in Massachusetts. It also ran The Evening Times of Little Falls, New York, and the weekly The Northern Light in Conway, New Hampshire.

## History

Managed as a trust by Bank of Boston, Alta was formed in 1977 to oversee four newspapers and five charities owned by the Foster and Whitehouse families.
In May 1996, the bank announced it would sell the chain in order to meet financial obligations to the trust's beneficiaries.
CNC, which already owned daily newspapers bordering The Milford Daily News on the north and east (the Middlesex News and Daily Transcript, respectively), emerged as the top bidder later that year. Bill Elfers, CNC's CEO, called the Milford paper "an outstanding property". It had made nearly US$5 million in revenues the year before, out of about US$10 million for the full Alta chain, which cleared about US$1 million after expenses (but before taxes).
Terms of the deal were not made public. It was CNC's first foray into newspaper ownership outside Massachusetts; at the time, some speculated that the company would quickly turn around and sell the New York and Maine dailies. Elfers denied these rumors, but within a year, CNC had indeed unloaded the Journal Tribune and Evening Times.
The Milford paper remains part of the CNC chain, now a division of GateHouse Media.
# Winye language

Winyé, or Kolsi, is a Gur language of Burkina Faso. Speakers are largely monolingual.
# Winyi of Kibulala

Wasswa Chwamale Mwanga Winyi (fl. early 14th century) was a reigning monarch of Bunyoro-Kitara during the period circa 1300 AD. His chief palace was located at Kibulala, Ssingo, where his remains are buried today. When Prince Kalemeera of Buganda, the only son of Ssekabaka Chwa Nabakka, was exiled to Bunyoro, he took refuge at the palace of his paternal uncle, Winyi I at his palace in Kibulala. There he committed more transgressions, fathering Prince Kimera Walusimbi with Lady Wannyana, his uncle's chief wife. Prince Kimera later became the third Kabaka of Buganda.

## Lineage

He was the second-born of Ssekabaka Kato Kintu's five children. He was born at Kibulala.

## Marital life and children

Prince (Omulangira) Winyi, Chief of Kibulala (allegedly Winyi I, Omukama of Bunyoro-Kitara) married Lady Wannyana, his chief wife, sister of Balitema Kajubi, Chief of Busujju, a Muhima. Together they had two children: (a) Princess (Omumbejja) Musenyu, Chiefess of Kyeeya; the eldest child and (b) Prince (Omulangira) Ntembe, Chief of Busoga.

## Ababiito of Kibulala

The descendants of Winyi of Kibulala, constitute the Buganda Clan known as Ababiito b'eKibulala (the Babiito of Kibulala), one of the 54 recognized clans of the estimated 9 million Baganda.

## The final days

Wasswa Chwamale Mwanga Winyi died sometime in the middle of the 14th Century. He is buried at Kibulala, Ssingo, in modern-day Kiboga District. His burial site is recognized by the Buganda Royal Family as a Buganda Cultural Site. Naalinnya Dina Kigga Mukarukidi, the sister of the reigning Buganda Monarch, Muwenda Mutebi II, is assigned to the site, as cultural supervisor.

## Succession table

| Preceded byUnknown | King of Bunyoro Early Fourteenth Century | Succeeded byUnknown |
# John Hare (cricketer)

John Hugh Montague Hare (31 May 1857 – 1 August 1935) was an English first-class cricketer and educator.
The son of Hugh James Hare, he was born in May 1857 at Docking Hall at Docking, Norfolk. He was educated at Uppingham School, before going up Exeter College, Oxford. While studying at Oxford, he played first-class cricket for Oxford University, making his debut against the Gentlemen of England at Oxford in 1879. He played first-class cricket for Oxford until 1880, making a total of eight appearances. In his eight matches, Hare scored a total of 126 runs at an average of 11.45 and with a high score of 38 not out. His county cricket was for Norfolk, for whom he played minor matches for until 1890.
After graduating from Oxford, he became a master at both Winchester College and Eton College. Hare died at Docking Hall in August 1935.
# 1907 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship

The 1907 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 19th staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board.
On 2 August 1908, Tullaroan won the championship after a 2–06 to 1–03 defeat of Mooncoin in the final. This was their ninth championship title overall and their first in three championship seasons.
# Carbonne station

Carbonne is a railway station in Carbonne, Occitanie, France. The station is located on the Toulouse–Bayonne railway. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by the SNCF.

## Train services

The following services currently call at Carbonne:
* local service (TER Occitanie) Toulouse – Saint-Gaudens – Tarbes – Pau

## Bus Services

Bus connections are available at the station to Montesquieu-Volvestre.
# Archery at the 1992 Summer Paralympics – Men's individual open

The Men's Individual Open was an archery competition in the 1992 Summer Paralympics.
Gold medalist, Jens Fudge, was the second Danish male archer to win a medal in the Paralympics, after Finn Larsen who won gold in 1980, as he defeated Japanese Kenichi Nishii in the final. The bronze medal match was won by Korean Hyun Kwan Cho.

## Results
### Qualifying round

| Rank | Archer | Points |
| 1 | Hyun Kwan Cho (KOR) | 1190 |
| 2 | Veijo Viinikka (FIN) | 1187 |
| 3 | Jens Fudge (DEN) | 1186 |
| 4 | Kenichi Nishii (JPN) | |
| 5 | Marco Schreiner (LUX) | |
| 6 | Jan Thulin (SWE) | |
| 7 | Ezio Lovisetto (ITA) | |
| 8 | Antonio Rebollo (ESP) | |
| 9 | Raimo Tirronen (FIN) | |
| 10 | Sung Hee Kim (KOR) | |
| 11 | Mario Esposito (ITA) | |
| 12 | Stepan Bugaychuk (IPP) | |
| 13 | Jean-Michel Favre (FRA) | |
| 14 | Hak Young Lee (KOR) | |
| 15 | Konstantine Shumkov (IPP) | |
| 16 | Jean Francois Garcia (FRA) | |
| 17 | Dmitri Nikolsky (IPP) | |
| 18 | Thomas Darkins (GBR) | |
| 19 | Manfred Boeckers (GER) | |
| 20 | Robert Anderson (GBR) | |
| 21 | Jose Fernandez (ESP) | |
| 22 | Carroll Walker (USA) | |
| 23 | Carmelo Scalisi (BEL) | |
| 24 | Jose Luis Hermosin (ESP) | |
| 25 | Hilmar Butenhoff (GER) | |
| 25 | Walfried Niedersberg (GER) | |
| 27 | Rene Le Bras (FRA) | |

### Finals

| Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Gold medal match | Gold medal match | Gold medal match |
| 1 | Hyun Kwan Cho (KOR) | 102 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Antonio Rebollo (ESP) | 98 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Antonio Rebollo (ESP) | 98 | 1 | Hyun Kwan Cho (KOR) | 98 | | | |
| | | | 4 | Kenichi Nishii (JPN) | 104 | | | |
| 5 | Marco Schreiner (LUX) | 103 | 4 | Kenichi Nishii (JPN) | 104 | | | |
| 4 | Kenichi Nishii (JPN) | 106 | | | | | | |
| 4 | Kenichi Nishii (JPN) | 106 | | | | 4 | Kenichi Nishii (JPN) | 100 |
| | | | | | | 3 | Jens Fudge (DEN) | 103 |
| 3 | Jens Fudge (DEN) | 100 | | | | | | | 3 | Jens Fudge (DEN) | 103 |
| 6 | Jan Thulin (SWE) | 89 | | | |
| 6 | Jan Thulin (SWE) | 89 | 3 | Jens Fudge (DEN) | 97 | Bronze medal match | Bronze medal match | Bronze medal match |
| | | | 2 | Veijo Viinikka (FIN) | 92 |
| 7 | Ezio Lovisetto (ITA) | 88 | 2 | Veijo Viinikka (FIN) | 92 | 1 | Hyun Kwan Cho (KOR) | 106 |
| 2 | Veijo Viinikka (FIN) | 90 | | | | 2 | Veijo Viinikka (FIN) | 98 |
# East African Currency Board

The East African Currency Board (EACB) was established in 1919 to supply and oversee the currency of British colonies in British East Africa. It was established after Britain took control of mainland Tanzania from Germany at the end of World War I, and originally oversaw the territories of Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania (excluding Zanzibar). Zanzibar joined the currency area in 1936. In 1941, parts of what are now Somalia, Ethiopia, and Eritrea started using the East African shilling while under British wartime control. From 1951 to 1965, it was used in the colony and protectorate of Aden.
The board operated out of premises at 4 Millbank, London SW1, one time the offices of the Crown Agents.
For most of its existence, the EACB's main function was to issue and maintain the local East African shilling at par with the British shilling. This was done by ensuring that the local currency was adequately backed by sterling securities.
The East African Currency Board was replaced in 1966 by the independent central banks of these countries: Bank of Uganda, Central Bank of Kenya and Bank of Tanzania.
# Toy drive

A toy drive is a charity event that collects toys or money to be distributed to those in need.

## Overview

This is usually for the celebration of Christmas. Volunteers are brought together to sort through toys to wrap and sort for age appropriateness. Appeals are made in shopping centers, schools, and other places for the public to purchase toys and to meet certain goals. Many charities or organizations will orchestrate a seasonal effort on top of their usual practices. Many police departments, fire departments, and military groups are involved in these efforts. One of the most important and famous toy drives is Toys For Tots which is operated by the United States Marine Corps.
# Independence Speed Tandem

The Independence Speed Tandem is a German single-place, paraglider that was designed by Michaël Nesler and produced by Independence Paragliding of Eisenberg, Thuringia. It is now out of production.

## Design and development

The Speed Tandem was designed as a tandem glider for flight training.
The aircraft's 14.9 m (48.9 ft) span wing has 48 cells, a wing area of 40.6 m$^2$ (437 sq ft) and an aspect ratio of 5.4:1. The pilot weight range is 140 to 220 kg (309 to 485 lb). The glider is DHV 1-2 certified.
Company test pilot Christian Amon was also involved in the development as well as flight testing of the Speed Tandem.

## Specifications (Speed Tandem)

Data from Bertrand
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Capacity: one passenger
* Wingspan: 14.9 m (48 ft 11 in)
* Wing area: 40.6 m$^2$ (437 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 5.4:1
Performance
* Maximum speed: 47 km/h (29 mph, 25 kn)
# Andrei Cross

Andrei Cross (born 2 June 1984) is a Barbadian former swimmer, who specialized in the breaststroke events. Cross represented his nation Barbados at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and in two editions of the Commonwealth Games (2002 and 2006), establishing a national record of 29.24 in the 50 m breaststroke. During his swimming career, Cross was affiliated with TeamBath, the sports organization of England's University of Bath, under the tutelage of head coach Mark Skimming.
Cross competed in the men's 100 m breaststroke at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. Leading up to the Games, he cleared the FINA-B entry standard time in 1:03.64 to assure his selection to the Olympic team at the 2007 Maribor Open in Slovenia. Swimming in heat three of the evening prelims, Cross held off his fast pace over Uzbekistan's Ivan Demyanenko to save the penultimate spot from the eight-swimmer field by 0.17 seconds. Cross' time of 1:04.57 was not good enough to put him through to the semifinals, finishing only in fifty-fifth place overall.
He works as a manager facility at Barbados Amateur Swimming Association.
# Žaneta Jaunzeme-Grende

Žaneta Jaunzeme-Grende (born 10 March 1964) is a Latvian politician and businesswoman. She is a member of the National Alliance, and former Minister for Culture in the Third Dombrovskis cabinet. She was President of the Latvian Chamber of Commerce from 2008 to 2011.
On September 16, 2013 Jaunzeme-Grende was fired from the position of Minister for Culture of Latvia by the Prime Minister Valdis Dombrovskis because of her conflict with the culture sector, She was subsequently replaced by Dace Melbārde.
She speaks Latvian, English, and Russian.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 "Kultūras ministres kandidātes Žanetas Jaunzemes-Grendes biogrāfija". TVNet (in Latvian). 24 October 2011. Retrieved 29 October 2011.
* ↑ "Latvia's culture minister fired over conflicts". The Baltic Times. 17 August 2013. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
* ↑ "Melnbarde is formally nominated for the post of Culture Minister". Baltic News Network. 29 October 2013. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
* ↑ "Žaneta Jaunzeme-Grende". State Chancellery of Latvia. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
* This article about a Latvian politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Andrew Livingstone

Andrew Livingstone may refer to:
* Andrew Livingstone (footballer), English soccer player
* Andrew Livingstone, producer of Bamboo
* Andrew Livingston (actor), British character actor, starred in 1997 film The Full Monty