OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 3D4

In mathematics, the Steinberg triality groups of type $^3$D$_4$ form a family of Steinberg or twisted Chevalley groups. They are quasi-split forms of D$_4$, depending on a cubic Galois extension of fields K ⊂ L, and using the triality automorphism of the Dynkin diagram D$_4$. Unfortunately the notation for the group is not standardized, as some authors write it as $^3$D$_4$(K) (thinking of $^3$D$_4$ as an algebraic group taking values in K) and some as $^3$D$_4$(L) (thinking of the group as a subgroup of D$_4$(L) fixed by an outer automorphism of order 3). The group $^3$D$_4$ is very similar to an orthogonal or spin group in dimension 8.
Over finite fields these groups form one of the 18 infinite families of finite simple groups, and were introduced by Steinberg (1959). They were independently discovered by Jacques Tits in Tits (1958) and Tits (1959).

## Construction

The simply connected split algebraic group of type D$_4$ has a triality automorphism σ of order 3 coming from an order 3 automorphism of its Dynkin diagram. If L is a field with an automorphism τ of order 3, then this induced an order 3 automorphism τ of the group D$_4$(L). The group $^3$D$_4$(L) is the subgroup of D$_4$(L) of points fixed by στ. It has three 8-dimensional representations over the field L, permuted by the outer automorphism τ of order 3.

## Over finite fields

The group $^3$D$_4$(q$^3$) has order q$^{12}$ (q$^8$ + q$^4$ + 1) (q$^6$ − 1) (q$^2$ − 1). For comparison, the split spin group D$_4$(q) in dimension 8 has order
q$^{12}$ (q$^8$ − 2q$^4$ + 1) (q$^6$ − 1) (q$^2$ − 1) and the quasisplit spin group $^2$D$_4$(q$^2$) in dimension 8 has order q$^{12}$ (q$^8$ − 1) (q$^6$ − 1) (q$^2$ − 1).
The group $^3$D$_4$(q$^3$) is always simple. The Schur multiplier is always trivial. The outer automorphism group is cyclic of order f where q$^3$ = p$^f$ and p is prime.
This group is also sometimes called $^3$D$_4$(q), D$_4$$^2$(q$^3$), or a twisted Chevalley group.

## $^3$D$_4$(2$^3$)

The smallest member of this family of groups has several exceptional properties not shared by other members of the family. It has order 211341312 = 2$^{12}$⋅3$^4$⋅7$^2$⋅13 and outer automorphism group of order 3.
The automorphism group of $^3$D$_4$(2$^3$) is a maximal subgroup of the Thompson sporadic group, and is also a subgroup of the compact Lie group of type F$_4$ of dimension 52. In particular it acts on the 26-dimensional representation of F$_4$. In this representation it fixes a 26-dimensional lattice that is the unique 26-dimensional even lattice of determinant 3 with no norm 2 vectors, studied by Elkies & Gross (1996). The dual of this lattice has 819 pairs of vectors of norm 8/3, on which $^3$D$_4$(2$^3$) acts as a rank 4 permutation group.
The group $^3$D$_4$(2$^3$) has 9 classes of maximal subgroups, of structure
    2$^{1+8}$:L$_2$(8) fixing a point of the rank 4 permutation representation on 819 points.
    [2$^{11}$]:(7 × S$_3$)
    U$_3$(3):2
    S$_3$ × L$_2$(8)
    (7 × L$_2$(7)):2
    3$^{1+2}$.2S$_4$
    7$^2$:2A$_4$
    3$^2$:2A$_4$
    13:4
# Diario Rombe

Diario Rombe is a digital newspaper outlet from Equatorial Guinea established in 2012 by Mocache Massoko. Based in Spain, it is considered as the most reliable media opposing the government of Teodoro Obiang.
Alongside Facebook, Twitter, and the opposition media Radio Macuto, Diario Rombe was blocked in the country during the 2015 student protests in Equatorial Guinea. It was also one of the media uncovering the Pandora Papers in 2021.
# June Wright

Dorothy June Wright (née Healy; 29 June 1919 – 4 February 2012) was an Australian writer. She wrote six popular crime novels between 1948 and 1966, all with recognisable settings in and around Melbourne. She also wrote many articles for Catholic lay journals such as The Majellan, Caritas and Scapular and the Catholic newspaper The Advocate. She recorded her personal memoirs and family history in two volumes in 1994 and 1997.

## Early life and education

Wright was born in 1919 in Malvern, Victoria and educated at Malvern's Kildara College, Loreto Mandeville Hall, in Toorak. After leaving school, she briefly studied commercial art at Melbourne Technical School before working as a telephonist at the Central Telephone Exchange in Lonsdale Street, Melbourne, which formed the basis of her first novel Murder in the Telephone Exchange. In 1941 she married Stewart Wright, an accountant. They had six children: Patrick, Rosemary, Nicholas, Anthony, Brenda and Stephen.
# Eulia ministrana

Eulia ministrana is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the Palearctic and Nearctic realms.
The wingspan is 18–24 mm. The head is dark fuscous. The thorax is ferruginous-ochreous, with a large crest. The forewings are narrowed anteriorly and pale ochreous.The base of costa, a more or less developed very large triangular often pale-centred dorsal suffusion, and the terminal streak are all deep ferruginous.The cilia are dark ferruginous-fuscous. The hindwings are grey, the termen darker. The larva is light green head brown.
Adults are on wing from May to June. There is one generation per year.
The larvae feed on various shrubs and trees including Betula pendula, Rhamnus cathartica , Corylus avellana and Castanea sativa.
# Ernests Gūtmanis

Ernests Gūtmanis (born 15 January 1901, date of death unknown) was a Latvian boxer who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. In 1924 he was eliminated in the first round of the lightweight class after losing his fight to Jorge Nicolares.
# Ideoblothrus mexicanus

Ideoblothrus mexicanus is a species of pseudoscorpion. It is endemic to the Mexican state of Tamaulipas.
# Janine Ghobert

Janine Ghobert (24 April 1931 – 18 December 2022) was a Belgian jurist and politician of the Liberal Reformist Party (PRL).

## Biography

Ghobert earned a doctorate in law and specialized in political science and international relations. She was president of the Conseil national de Protection de la Jeunesse from 1975 to 1981, president of the Conseil supérieur des Œuvres de l'Enfance from 1979 to 1983, and president of the Office de la naissance et de l'enfance [fr] from 1983 to 1988. She was honorary vice-president of the King Baudouin Foundation and honorary president of Solidarité Libérale internationale. She was vice-president of the Comité national pour la célébration 40-60 du roi Baudouin Ier de Belgique.
Ghobert served in the Senate from 7 December 1981 to 24 November 1991 and was a member of the Chamber of Representatives from 24 November 1991 to 21 December 1992. On the latter date, she was nominated to be a judge on the Constitutional Court, a mandate from which she retired on 24 April 2001.
Ghobert was the wife of Baron Jacques Delruelle [fr]. She died in Ixelles on 18 December 2022, at the age of 91.

## Decorations

* Officer of the Order of Leopold
* Grand Officer of the National Order of the Lion
* Officer of the Order of the Republic of Tunisia
# Dardenne

Dardenne may refer to:
* Ardennes-Verdun dynasty, or Maison Dardenne
* Dardenne brothers, Belgian film directors
* Sabine Dardenne, Belgian author
* Jay Dardenne, lawyer and politician from Baton Rouge, Louisiana
* Guy Dardenne, Belgian footballer
* Dardenne Prairie, Missouri
* Dardenne Township, St. Charles County, Missouri
# Cortical magnification

In neuroscience, cortical magnification describes how many neurons in an area of the visual cortex are 'responsible' for processing a stimulus of a given size, as a function of visual field location. In the center of the visual field, corresponding to the center of the fovea of the retina, a very large number of neurons process information from a small region of the visual field. If the same stimulus is seen in the periphery of the visual field (i.e. away from the center), it would be processed by a much smaller number of neurons. The reduction of the number of neurons per visual field area from foveal to peripheral representations is achieved in several steps along the visual pathway, starting already in the retina.
For quantitative purposes, the cortical magnification factor is normally expressed in millimeters of cortical surface per degree of visual angle. When expressed in this way, the values of cortical magnification factor vary by a factor of approximately 30 – 90 between the foveal and peripheral representation of the primary visual cortex (V1), depending on how the estimate is obtained. The inverse of M (i.e. degrees visual angle per millimeter cortical tissue) increases linearly with eccentricity in the visual field.
Visual performance depends importantly on the amount of cortical tissue devoted to the task. As an example, spatial resolution (i.e. visual acuity) is best in the center of the fovea and lowest in the far periphery. Consequently, visual performance variations across the visual field can often be equalized by enlarging stimuli depending on their location in the visual field by a factor that compensates for cortical magnification, which is referred to as M scaling (M=magnification). However, the variation of visual performance across the visual field differs widely between different functions (pattern recognition, motion perception, etc.), and cortical magnification is only one factor amongst others that determine visual performance.
# Zang Tu

Zang Tu (died c.October 202 BC) was a Chinese military general, monarch, politician, and warlord who lived during the late Qin dynasty and early Han dynasty of China.

## Biography

Zang Tu was originally a military general serving under Han Guang, the king of the Yan state. Around 207 BC, when rebellions broke out all over China to overthrow the Qin dynasty, Zang Tu was sent to lead an army to assist rebel forces from the insurgent Zhao state, which were under attack by a Qin army led by Zhang Han. Following the defeat of Qin forces at the Battle of Julu, Zang Tu joined a coalition rebel army under the command of Xiang Yu of the Chu state, and followed Xiang Yu as they fought their way to the Qin capital Xianyang.
In 206 BC, after the fall of the Qin dynasty, Xiang Yu divided the former Qin Empire into the Eighteen Kingdoms and appointed Zang Tu as the King of Yan (燕王). Part of the former Yan kingdom was granted to Han Guang, who was appointed by Xiang Yu as the King of Liaodong. Zang Tu then returned to the Yan kingdom and attempted to force Han Guang to move to his allocated kingdom in the Liaodong Peninsula, but the latter refused to comply. As a result, Zang Tu attacked Han Guang and killed him at Wuzhong, thereby becoming king of a united Yan kingdom.
In 204 BC, after his victory against the Zhao kingdom at the Battle of Jingxing, Han Xin followed Li Zuoche's advice and sent a messenger to Zang Tu, asking him to pledge allegiance to Liu Bang, the King of Han. Zang Tu agreed. In 202 BC, Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu and unified China under his rule, proclaiming himself Emperor of China and establishing the Han dynasty on 28 February. Zang Tu became a vassal of the Han Empire and retained his kingly title and territories. Later that year in c.August, Zang Tu rebelled against the Han Empire, invading and capturing territory in the Dai kingdom. Liu Bang personally led an army to suppress the rebellion. Zang Tu was defeated in battle and captured in c.October. He refused to surrender and was executed by Liu Bang.

## Descendants

Zang Tu had a son called Zang Yan (臧衍), who escaped to join the Xiongnu after his father died.
Zang Tu's granddaughter, Zang Er (臧兒), married Wang Zhong, and had a daughter called Wang Zhi. Wang Zhi became the second wife of Emperor Jing, the fourth emperor of the Han dynasty, and the mother of the future Emperor Wu.
# Gyula Moravcsik

Gyula (Julius) Moravcsik (Budapest, 29 January 1892 – Budapest, 10 December 1972), who usually wrote just as Gy. Moravcsik, was a Hungarian professor of Greek philology and Byzantine history who in 1967 was awarded the Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts.

## Scholarship

Moravcsik explored in depth the relationship between Byzantium and the Turkic peoples, broadly defined and so including Hungarians, and this was reflected in the two volumes of Byzantinoturcica and the 1953 Bizánc és a Magyarság (Byzantium and the Magyars).
With R.J.H. Jenkins, he produced the critical and translated edition of Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus' De Administrando Imperio. That work was first published in Budapest, 1949, and later at Dumbarton Oaks. Moravcsik also contributed to the later Commentary, also in the Dumbarton Oaks series.

## Family

His elder son Michael Moravcsik (1928–1989), became professor of physics at University of Oregon. His younger son, Julius Moravcsik (1931–2009), became a professor of philosophy at Stanford University. His daughter, Edith A. Moravcsik, became a professor of linguistics at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. His grandson, Andrew Moravcsik, became Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University.

## Selected publications

* Byzantinoturcica I and II, Budapest 1942 & 1943. Second edition, Berlin 1958.
* Bizánc és a Magyarság. 1953.
* Studia Byzantina. 1967.
* Moravcsik, Gyula, ed. (1967) [1949]. Constantine Porphyrogenitus: De Administrando Imperio (2nd revised ed.). Washington D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies. ISBN 978-0-88402-021-9.
* Moravcsik, Gyula (1970). Byzantium and the Magyars. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
# Diastreptoneura

Diastreptoneura is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Diastreptoneura distorta, is found in the Brazilian state of Amazonas. Both the genus and species were first described by Warren in 1889.
The Global Lepidoptera Names Index gives this name as a synonym of Drobeta Walker, 1858.
# Ideoblothrus seychellesensis

Ideoblothrus seychellesensis is a species of pseudoscorpion. It is found in the Seychelles on Felicite Island and Silhouette Island. As of 2012, the species has been considered endangered and is listed on the IUCN red list.

## Range and habitat

Ideoblothrus seychellesensis has been documented on two islands - Felicite Island and Silhouette Island, both in the Seychelles. Its recordings are on coastal habitats, and is likely found under bark in lowland woodland. However, it is unknown if it truly resides under bark, as the others of the Ideoblothrus genus are typically found among leaf litter in tropical forests. More evidence is needed.

## Ecology

The species currently faces the primary threat of habitat loss due to human development in the region, alongside invasive diseases. It previously faced the risk of agriculture harming its ecosystem, however this is no longer the case.

## Etymology

The species derives its name from the country it is found in.
# Bad Aibling station

Bad Aibling station is a railway station in the city of Bad Aibling, located in the Rosenheim district in Upper Bavaria, Germany.

## History

The station was erected in the 19th century for the Mangfall Valley Railway. Officially put in to service on October 31, 1857, the station is now operated by the Deutsche Bahn AG and used for heavy and regional trains.
In direct vicinity to the Bad Aibling station a second station served as a railway terminus for an electrified branch line to Bad Feilnbach that it now dismantled.

## Accidents and incidents

On the route between Bad Aibling and Kolbermoor on May 28, 1945, military train full of soldiers collided head on with an empty train. The accident, which occurred in a forest about 2 kilometres eastbound of the Bad Aibling station, took five lives and caused 21 injured, some seriously. Contributory cause was the interruption of telephone and communication lines between Bad Aibling and Kolbermoor at the end of World War II.
On 9 February 2016 the Bad Aibling rail accident occurred only 700m from the location of the 1945 accident when two passenger trains were involved in a head-on collision near Bad Aibling. Several people were killed and many more were injured.
# Dardenne Township, St. Charles County, Missouri

Dardenne Township is an inactive township in St. Charles County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.
Dardenne Township most likely was erected in 1818, taking its name from Dardenne Creek.
# Cortical modem

A cortical modem is a type of brain machine interface that specifically injects images directly into the visual cortex by way of a direct neural interface (DNI) chip. The true breakthrough goal lies in the information transfer speed. Both computers and the human brain can transfer information at incredible speeds, and the real bottleneck in the field of brain-computer interaction is the lack of data transfer speeds between the two.
This technology is especially useful in prosthetics. “If you can directly feed sensory information into the cortex – what the sensory system would have done if it was still there – then you would have the fine closed-loop input-output needed for complex control.” This technology can ultimately give back a person's sensory information that they lost, such as sight or touch.
# 7th municipality of Naples

The Seventh Municipality (In Italian: Settima Municipalità or Municipalità 7) is one of the ten boroughs in which the Italian city of Naples is divided.

## Geography

The municipality is located in the north-eastern suburb of the city and borders with Casoria, Casavatore and Arzano.
Its territory includes the zones of Ponti Rossi and Capodichino, seat of Naples Airport.

## Administrative division

The Seventh Municipality is divided into 3 quarters:
| Quarter | Population | Area (km²) |
| Miano | 26,501 | 1.87 |
| San Pietro a Patierno | 18,390 | 5.45 |
| Secondigliano | 46,569 | 2.94 |
| Total | 91,460 | 10.26 |
# Dicke Tannen

Dicke Tannen is a protected landscape, around 4.2 hectares (10 acres) in area, near the Harz village of Hohegeiß, which lies in the borough of Braunlage. It is host to what are widely considered to be the strongest spruce trees in North Germany; the individual trees reaching heights of 50 metres and trunk diameters of 100 to 180 centimetres. The landscape has been specially protected since 1989 as a natural monument.
The trees, which are up to 350 years old and known colloquially as Rottannen ("Red Firs") were first mentioned in the 18th century in forestry documents. They owe their survival, firstly, to their location on the steep, wind-sheltered slopes of the narrow Wolfsbach valley; secondly, the fact that they were almost too difficult to fell with the axes and saws of the time on account of their huge size and the transportation of their timber would have proven almost impossible. As a result the area has not been used for forestry for over 200 years and thus gives the impression of almost being a virgin forest.
Whilst around 1900, just under 120 trees were counted; around 1960 there were 85, in 1980, just 58, and currently there are only 23 healthy and 2 dead trees left. Apart from those reaching their natural age limit, changing environmental conditions may also have affected them. Dicke Tannen is No. 45 in the system of checkpoints forming the Harzer Wandernadel hiking network.
# European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization

The European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) is an intergovernmental organisation responsible for European cooperation in plant protection in the European and Mediterranean region. Founded on April 18, 1951 and based in Paris, France, EPPO is the Regional Plant Protection Organization (RPPO) for Europe under the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC).
To meet its objectives to protect plants, strategize against the introduction and spread of dangerous pests, and to promote safe and effective control methods, EPPO develops international standards and recommendations, provides reporting services, participates in global discussions on plant health, EPPO hold regular expert working groups, and maintained EPPO codes.

## History

Founded in 1951 and based in Paris, France, EPPO is the Regional Plant Protection Organization (RPPO) for Europe under the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC). The intergovernmental organisation responsible for European cooperation in plant protection in the European and Mediterranean region had grown to 52 member states as of 2020. EPPO's objectives are to protect plants, to develop international strategies against the introduction and spread of dangerous pests, and to promote safe and effective control methods.
EPPO has developed international standards and recommendations on phytosanitary measures, good plant protection practice, and on the assessment of plant protection products (pesticides). It also provides a reporting service of events of phytosanitary concern such as outbreaks and new pest records. EPPO maintain datasheets on pests of regulatory concern. As a Regional Plant Protection Organization, EPPO also participates in global discussions on plant health organised by FAO and the IPPC Secretariat. EPPO holds expert working groups to perform pest risk analyses on plant pests of concern to the EPPO region.

## EPPO codes

EPPO is responsible for management of the EPPO code system, previously known as Bayer codes. The system is an encoded identifier used by EPPO, in a system designed to uniquely identify organisms that are important to agriculture and crop protection.

## EPPO member countries

As of February 2021:

## EPPO Bulletin

The EPPO Bulletin is the official publication of EPPO. It features articles on all aspects of plant protection and is published on behalf of EPPO by Wiley-Blackwell. Articles are published in French or English with a Russian summary.
# Ernest Wood (actor)

Ernest Wood (died July 13, 1942) was an American stage and screen actor. He played in many movies, including Woman's Law, A Perfect Gentleman, Not Damaged, Call It Luck, and False Pretenses.
# Ideoblothrus nesotymbus

Ideoblothrus nesotymbus is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Syarinidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1991 by Australian arachnologists Mark Harvey and Karen Edward. The specific epithet nesotymbus comes from Greek: nesos (‘island’) and tymbos (‘tomb’), with reference to the type locality.

## Description

The body length of the male holotype is 1.35 mm; that of paratype females is 1.79-2.31 mm. The colour of carapace and pedipalps is reddish-brown, with the chelicerae and coxae orange, legs and abdomen pale tan. Eyes are absent.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs on Barrow Island off the Pilbara coast of North West Australia. The type locality is a borehole in limestone karst, 5.8 km north-west of Chevron Texaco Camp.

## Behaviour

The pseudoscorpions are hypogean, terrestrial predators.
# BACE1-AS

BACE1-AS, also known as BACE1 antisense RNA (non-protein coding), is a human gene at 11q23.3 encoding a long noncoding RNA molecule. It is transcribed from the opposite strand to BACE1 and is upregulated in patients with Alzheimer's disease. BACE1-AS regulates the expression of BACE1 by increasing BACE1 mRNA stability and generating additional BACE1 through a post-transcriptional feed-forward mechanism. By the same mechanism it also raises concentrations of beta amyloid, the main constituent of senile plaques. BACE1-AS concentrations are elevated in subjects with Alzheimer's disease and in amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice.
Knocking down BACE1-AS reduces amyloid production and plaque deposition.