OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alexander Lockhart

Alexander Macdonald Lockhart (July 1806 – 27 October 1861) was a British Conservative politician and landowner.
Lockhart was born in 1806, the third son of Sir Alexander Lockhart, 1st Baronet (died 1816), himself Member of Parliament (MP) for Berwick-upon-Tweed and a member of the extended Lockharts of Lee family.
Lockhart was elected Conservative MP for Lanarkshire at the 1837 general election on 24 July 1837 and held the seat until the dissolution of the 13th United Kingdom parliament on 23 June 1841. He served as a magistrate.
He had four siblings; two sisters and two older brothers, the latter being Sir Charles Lockhart, second baronet (1799–1832) and Sir Norman Lockhart, third baronet (1802–1849). The fourth baronet, Sir Norman Macdonald Lockhart (1845–1870), was his nephew.
He died on 27 October 1861, aged 55, after a few days illness, while visiting John Young at Galgorm Castle, County Antrim.
He was a friend of and advisor to painter Joseph Severn and his family.
# Turf Club (gentlemen's club)

The Turf Club is a London gentlemen's club, established in 1861 as the Arlington Club. It has been located at 5, Carlton House Terrace since 1965.

## History

The Turf Club was founded in 1861 as the Arlington Club, with premises in Bennett Street, Piccadilly. It was while there that a committee of the Arlington, consisting of George Bentinck, Sir Rainald Knightley, Charles C. Greville, H. B. Mayne, John Bushe, G. Payne, and Colonel Pipon, under the chairmanship of John Clay MP, drew up the laws of whist, officially sanctioned by the Portland Club in 1864.
Members had originally wished to call themselves simply The Club until it was discovered that they had been beaten to it: a hundred years or so earlier the name had been claimed by Dr Johnson and Sir Joshua Reynolds for their renowned dining society.
The Turf Club moved in 1875 to the corner of Piccadilly and Clarges Street. The new building at 85 Piccadilly, designed by John Norton, remained the clubhouse for ninety years until the Club decided to sell the extremely valuable freehold.
In 1965, the Turf Club moved to its current home at 5 Carlton House Terrace, SW1Y 5AQ, overlooking the Mall. Carlton House Terrace itself was designed and built by John Nash, the successful Regency architect, between 1827 and 1833. The freehold of Number 5 belongs to the Crown Estate and the lease was held by the Earls of Caledon from 1830 until 1929, and its residents included Lord Palmerston; John Hay, the U.S. Ambassador; Emerald, Lady Cunard (mother of Nancy Cunard); and Harry Gordon Selfridge, founder of Selfridges.

## Notable members

The following is a list of notable present Turf Club members with year of birth in brackets.
* Adrian Ward-Jackson, CBE (1950)
* Thomas Fermor-Hesketh, 3rd Baron Hesketh, KBE, PC (1950)
* John Livingstone-Learmonth (1950)
* Anthony Fane, 16th Earl of Westmorland (1951)
* Hon. Peregrine Moncreiffe of that Ilk (1951)
* James Spencer-Churchill, 12th Duke of Marlborough (1955)
* Lt. Gen. Sir Barney White-Spunner, CBE (1957)
* Michael Bowes-Lyon, 18th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne (1957)
* Alastair Morrison, 3rd Baron Margadale (1958)
* Christopher Taylour, 7th Marquess of Headfort (1959)
* David Manners, 11th Duke of Rutland (1959)
* Hon. Rupert Soames, OBE (1959)
* Patrick Meade, 8th Earl of Clanwilliam (1960)
* Charles Hay, 16th Earl of Kinnoull (1962)
* Maurice Roche, 6th Baron Fermoy (1967)
* George Bingham, 8th Earl of Lucan (1967)
* Harry Lawson, 7th Baron Burnham (1968)
* Clifton Wrottesley, 6th Baron Wrottesley (1968)
* Andrew Balding (1972)
* Frederick Hervey, 8th Marquess of Bristol (1979)
* Sir Michael Palin
# Béni Saf District

Béni Saf is a district in Aïn Témouchent Province, Algeria. It was named after its capital, Béni Saf.

## Municipalities

The district is further divided into three municipalities:
* Béni Saf
* Sidi Safi
* El Emir Abdelkader
# Dongfeng, Dawa District

Dongfeng (simplified Chinese: 东风; traditional Chinese: 東風; pinyin: Dōngfēng; lit. 'east wind') is a town of Dawa County in central Liaoning province, China. As of 2011, it has 11 villages under its administration. It is served by Liaoning Provincial Highway 211 (S211).
# Grace A. Dow

Grace Anna Dow (/daʊ/; 1869–1953) was an American philanthropist. She is best known as the wife of Herbert H. Dow, inventor, entrepreneur and founder of Dow Chemical Company, and mother of architect Alden B. Dow.

## Personal

She was born in Michigan as Grace Anna Ball in 1869 to Arnelia and George Willard Ball, a schoolteacher and banker, respectively. In 1892, she married Herbert Henry Dow in Midland, Michigan.
Grace and Herbert raised seven children together. She lived most of her married life in Midland, except for a short period in Cleveland, Ohio early in her husband's business career.

## Philanthropy

After her husband's death, Grace Dow founded The Herbert H. and Grace A. Dow Foundation in his memory. She served as a trustee of the Foundation until her death. The Foundation is dedicated to funding religion, education, culture, science, and community life in Michigan.
In April 1941, Grace Dow donated ten acres (later increased to 40 acres) of property as the site for Midland Hospital (now MyMichigan Medical Center Midland). Relatives recalled her joy in making the gift, which was adjacent to the Dow family orchards. She joked, "If nothing else, they can sit there and eat apples while they have to be in the hospital."
Throughout her life, Grace Dow frequently contributed to projects in the Midland community personally as well as through the activities of the Dow Foundation. She personally donated to a variety of local church construction projects, including donation of an Italian marble altar for St. Bridget's Catholic Church; and supported missionary work at home and abroad. She served a number of years as president of the Presbyterian Women's Missionary Society, and provided help to those in need.
Grace Dow was an active member of several civic organizations including a women's study club, the Monday Club, for which she served two presidencies; co-founder of the John Alden Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution, for which she was the first Regent and served a 3-year term on the state board; and served 50 years on the Midland Library board. In the early 1950s she was involved in the planning and funding through the Foundation of a new library building, which was designed by her son, architect Alden Dow. Grace died in 1953 before construction began.

## Legacy and honors

* Midland named the new library as the Grace A. Dow Memorial Library in her honor.
* She founded The Herbert H. and Grace A. Dow Foundation and donated to numerous civic projects through it, including health care and education.
# 1924 Giro di Lombardia

The 1924 Giro di Lombardia was the 20th edition of the Giro di Lombardia cycle race and was held on 9 November 1924. The race started and finished in Milan. The race was won by Giovanni Brunero.

## General classification

| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
| 1 | Giovanni Brunero (ITA) | Legnano | 8h 38' 23" |
| 2 | Costante Girardengo (ITA) | Maino | + 7' 44" |
| 3 | Pietro Linari (ITA) | Legnano | + 7' 44" |
| 4 | Alfredo Binda (ITA) | | + 7' 44" |
| 5 | Ezio Cortesia [it] (ITA) | | + 13' 19" |
| 6 | Gaetano Belloni (ITA) | Legnano | + 18' 01" |
| 7 | Pietro Bestetti (ITA) | Maino | + 18' 01" |
| 8 | Michele Robotti [it] (ITA) | | + 18' 01" |
| 9 | Adriano Zanaga (ITA) | Legnano | + 18' 01" |
| 10 | Alfredo Dinale (ITA) | | + 18' 01" |
# Abramson School

Abramson School can refer to:
* Abramson Science and Technology Charter School, a charter school in New Orleans, Louisiana
* Marion Abramson High School, a former high school in New Orleans, Louisiana, in the location of the current Abramson Science and Technology Charter School
# Đoko Pavićević

Đorđije "Đoko" Pavićević (Serbian Cyrillic: Ђорђије "Ђоко" Павићевић; 6 May 1872 – 4 June 1970) was an officer of the Royal Montenegrin Army and Royal Yugoslav Army who fought in World War I and in World War II as a member of the Yugoslav Partisans, and later a colonel of Yugoslav People's Army. He was the oldest recipient of the Order of the People's Hero.

## Biography

Pavićević was born on 6 May 1872 in Do Pješivački, near Danilovgrad and came from an old Montenegrin military family. He became literate late, so it was not until 1906 that he enrolled in military school. As an officer and supporter of Janko Vukotić, he came into conflict with the Minister of War, Mitar Martinović, which is why he spent almost a year in prison under accusation that he was the opponent of King Nicholas. After the Balkan Wars, he though about joining the Royal Serbian Army, however, he named commander of the border company in Đakovica. During World War I, as part of the Sandžak Army, during 1914 and 1915, he participated in the Serbian-Montenegrin offensive in Bosnia. During the Austro-Hungarian occupation of Montenegro, he was interned in Hungary, where he remained in a prison camp until the end of the war.
As a supporter of the Serbian-Montenegrin unionism, he joined the new Royal Yugoslav Army, but in 1923 he retired at his own request. Until the beginning of the World War II, he lived in the village of Mokri Do, near Nikšić.
During the Uprising in Montenegro against the Italian occupation, together with four children - two sons and two daughters, at the age of 69, he entered the fight. He stood out as an old warrior in the fall of 1941, when, after the uprising subsided, he joined the Yugoslav Partisans along with his two sons. From the end of 1942, he was an advisor to the commander of the Third Strike Division, as well as a councilor at the First Session of AVNOJ and a member of ZAVNO of Montenegro and Boka. He was admitted to the membership of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia in September 1943. The writer Vladimir Nazor called him the oldest Yugoslav Partisan.
After the end of the war, he was demobilized as a colonel, and for some time he was the president of the District Board of the Unitary National Liberation Front (NOF) in Nikšić and a member of the Main Board of the NOF of Montenegro. He was elected a Member of the National Assembly of Montenegro. His older son Vojislav died in the war, and the younger Branko was the first president of the Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts. He was the holder of the Commemorative Medal of the Partisans of 1941, and was awarded the Order of the People's Hero on 27 November 1953, at the age of 81, as the oldest holder of this decoration.
Pavićević died on 4 June 1970 at the age of 98.
# William Allen Jones

William Allen Jones (c. 1831 – 1897) was a Canadian dentist and miner. He was the first practicing dentist in British Columbia under the British Columbia Dental Act.

## Early life and education

Jones was born in 1831 in Raleigh, North Carolina to Allen Jones and Temperance Jones. He had five siblings: James Munroe, John Craven, Elias Toussaint, Sophia, and another sibling whose name is unknown. William's father, Allen Jones, bought his family's freedom in North Carolina for five-thousand dollars. Allen attempted to establish a school for Black children, however it was burned down repeatedly by local white residents. The family moved to Oberlin, Ohio afterwards. Jones graduated from Oberlin College with a Bachelor of Arts in 1857.

## Career and later life

William moved to California after graduation, along with his brother Elias and John who also graduated from Oberlin College. However, the Jones brothers soon moved to Salt Spring Island, Colony of Vancouver Island in 1859 along with many other African-Americans under the increasing threat of California becoming a slave state. William and Elias soon headed for Barkerville and participated in the Cariboo Gold Rush as miners while John Craven remained on Salt Spring island as a teacher. Jones returned to the United States with Elias after the American Civil War ended in 1865 to continue his dental studies at Oberlin College. Elias opted to stay in the United States, but William soon returned to Barkerville.
Jones began practicing dentistry after returning to Bakerville, opening a dental practice in 1876. He became known as the "Barkerville Dentist", earning the nickname "Painless Jones". He advertised his dental services in the Cariboo Sentinel as "painless dentistry", and used medicines to make the process less painful for his clients. No license was required to practice at this time, so Jones continued to practice until 1886 when the British Columbia Government introduced a new Dental Act. Jones quickly obtained his license to practice dentistry under the new Act on June 26, 1886, making him the first person to be granted license to practice dentistry under British Columbia's first iteration of dental profession regulations.
Jones died of pneumonia in 1897 and is buried in the Williams Creek Cemetery. Barkerville has since been restored as a National Historic Site of Canada. Jones's dental office is now featured on Barkerville's main street, with chair and instruments on display. Jones's dental office completed reconstruction in 1961, with the British Columbia Dental Association being involved in reconstruction through the donation of equipment and assistance in exhibition development.
# Belgium at the 1964 Summer Paralympics

Belgium sent a delegation to compete at the 1964 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo, Japan. Its athletes finished fourteenth in the overall medal count.

## Medalists

France and Belgium both sent one athlete each to form a team for dartchery mixed pairs open. This team finished third and a bronze medal was attributed to both countries in the medal table.
| Medal | Name | Sport | Event |
| Gold | Y. Alloo | Table tennis | Women's Singles C |
| Bronze | Raymond Schelfaut | Archery | Men's Albion Round Open |
| Bronze | Raymond Schelfaut | Dartchery | Mixed pairs open |
# John C. Munro

John C. Munro may refer to:
* John Munro (Canadian politician) (John Carr Munro), member of parliament for Hamilton, Ontario
* John Campbell Munro, Scottish-born Australian folk musician
* John C. Munro (clipper), an iron full-rigged ship built in 1862
# Dongfeng

Dongfeng is the romanization of several Chinese names of which most notably "East Wind" (simplified Chinese: 东风; traditional Chinese: 東風). Dongfeng may refer to:

## People's Republic of China

* Dongfeng (missile) (Chinese: 东风导弹), series of ballistic missiles of the People's Liberation Army
* Chinese series of diesel locomotives
** China Railways DF
** DF4
** DF8
** Dongfeng DMU
* Dongfeng Motor Corporation (Chinese: 东风汽车公司), automobile company and its subsidiaries and joint ventures

### Administrative divisions

* Dongfeng County (Chinese: 东丰县), Liaoyuan City, Jilin Province
* Dongfeng District (Chinese: 东风区), Jia Mu Si City, Heilongjiang Province
* Dongfeng Town (disambiguation), for towns named Dongfeng nationwide

#### Neighborhoods (Chinese: 东风街道)

* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Bengbu, in Longzihu District, Bengbu, Anhui
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Beijing, in Fangshan District
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Guangzhou, in Yuexiu District
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Baoding, in Beishi District, Baoding, Hebei
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Shijiazhuang, in Qiaodong District
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Daqing, in Sartu District, Daqing, Heilongjiang
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Jixi, in Jiguan District, Jixi, Heilongjiang
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Qitaihe, in Qiezihe District, Qitaihe, Heilongjiang
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Shangqiu, in Liangyuan District, Shangqiu, Henan
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Zhumadian, in Yicheng District, Zhumadian, Henan
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Xiangyang, in Fancheng District, Xiangyang, Hubei
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Changchun, in Luyuan District, Changchun, Jilin
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Benxi, in Xihu District, Benxi, Liaoning
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Panjin, in Shuangtaizi District, Panjin, Liaoning
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Yingkou, in Zhanqian District, Yingkou, Liaoning
* Dongfeng Subdistrict, Jinan, in Licheng District

#### Townships and Villagae

* Dongfeng Township, Shanxi (Chinese: 董封乡), in Yangcheng County
* Dongfeng Township, Beijing (Chinese: 东风地区)
* Dongfeng Township, Anyang, in Long'an District, Anyang, Henan
* Dongfeng Township, Dancheng County, Henan
* Dongfeng Township, Zhuzhou, in Yanling County, Hunan
* Dongfeng Township, Yizhang County, Hunan
* Dongfeng Township, Jilin, in Taobei District, Baicheng
* Dongfeng, a village in Xinghua Township, Hong'an County, Huanggang, Hubei

## People

* Dong Feng (physician) (Chinese: 董奉), Eastern Han physician
* Dong Feng (weightlifter), Chinese weightlifter

## Taiwan

* Azio TV (Chinese: 東風衛視), satellite capable operated by Era Television
# USS Asterion

USS Asterion has been the name of two ship of the United States Navy.
* USS Asterion (AK-100), was a cargo ship that served during both World Wars.
* USS Asterion (AF-63), was originally named Arcadia Victory and was acquired by the Navy in 1961 as a store ship.

## Sources

* This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.
# IL Trott

Idrettslaget Trott is a Norwegian association football club from Rommetveit, Stord, Hordaland.
The men's football team currently plays in the Fourth Division, the fifth tier of Norwegian football. It last played in the Norwegian Second Division in 1997.
# 1918 in radio

1918 in radio details the internationally significant events in radio broadcasting for the year 1918.

## Events

* 10 April – Alexander M. Nicholson files a patent for the radio crystal oscillator.
* 22 September – The first radio broadcast from the United Kingdom to Australia is made by Amalgamated Wireless to the home of Ernest Fisk in Sydney.
* 11 November – Armistice ends World War I.
* Edwin Howard Armstrong develops the superheterodyne receiver.
* A 200 kW alternator starts operating at Station NFF, the United States Navy station at Somerset, New Jersey, the most powerful radio transmitter at this time.

## Births

* 1 January – Wolf Mittler, German broadcaster (d. 2002)
* 16 April – Spike Milligan, British comedian, writer, musician, poet and playwright (d. 2002)
* 26 April – William Hardcastle, British radio news presenter (d. 1975)
* 18 June – Isobel Barnett, British broadcasting personality (suicide 1980)
* 8 August – Salty Brine, American radio host (d. 2004)
* 9 August – Giles Cooper, Anglo-Irish broadcast dramatist (d. 1966)
* 4 September – Paul Harvey, American radio broadcaster (d. 2009)
* 22 September – Betty Wragge, American actress of the Golden Age of Radio (d. 2002)
* 26 September – John Zacherle, American television and radio host, singer and voice actor (d. 2016)
* 7 September – Billy Graham, American minister whose sermons were broadcast on radio (d. 2018)
# Acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement syndrome

Acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement syndrome (AIBSE) is a rare eye disease affecting the retina of the eye. It is basically a type of retinopathy which affects females more than males. Currently there is no treatment for this condition, but, it is usually self limiting.

## Cause

Though exact etiology of AIBSE syndrome is unknown, studies shows that viral illness like influenza and vaccinations like MMR may trigger the condition.

## Demographics

AIBSE syndrome affects females more than males. Higher incidence is seen in Caucasian people.

## Signs and Symptoms

Enlargement of blind spot area in the visual field of the eye is the main sign and acute onset photopsia is the main symptom of AIBSE syndrome. Other symptoms include monocular scotoma and reduced light perception.

## Diagnosis

Diagnostic techniques like ophthalmoscopy, visual field test, optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, multifocal electroretinography and electrophysiology may be used in diagnosing AIBSE syndrome. Subjective measurement of blind spot enlargement is done using visual field testing. In the early stages, using FFA peripapillary hyperfluorescence may be observed. Since OCT can be used to observe the microstructural alterations in the outer retina, it is the gold standard in diagnosing AIBSES.

## Treatment

Currently there is no treatment for this condition, but, it is usually self limiting. Systemic administration of corticosteroids may be advised. Even if the disease is resolved, the enlarged blind spot usually does not return to normal.

## History

Fletcher et al. first described AIBSE syndrome in 1988.
# Xigu

Xigu can refer to:
* Xigu District (西固区), a district in Lanzhou, Gansu, China
* Xigu Subdistrict (西沽街道), a subdistrict in Tianjin, China
* Xigu arsenal, Qing dynasty imperial arsenal
# Yeonbaek County

Yeonbaek County (Yeonbaek-gun) or Yonbaek County (Yonbaek-gun) was a county in Hwanghae Province, Korea. It was established in 1914 by uniting Yonan County and Paechon County. It was divided during the Division of Korea. The part of Yeonbaek county under South Korean authorities were administered under Gyeonggi Province. During the Korean War, North Korea took all of Yeonbaek County, and after briefly establishing the regions formerly under South Korean control as South Yeonbaek county (남연백군), North Korea disestablished Yeonbaek County and reestablished former Yonan County and Paechon County in 1952.

## Administrative division

The county had 1 Eup, 19 Myeons and 175 Ris.

### Yonan Eup

The region was famous for its wine.

### Gwaegungmyeon

The region was famous for its silk.

### Geumsanmyeon

The region was famous for its beans and pots.

### Dochonmyeon

The region had an old fortress.

### Mokdanmyeon

The region harvested weed, ginseng and tobacco.

### Bongbukmyeon

The region had a gold mine.

### Bongseomyeon

The region was where the cranes live.

### Seoksanmyeon

The region had a lot of fields and was famous for its rice.

### Songbongmyeon

Temple called ungyesa existed here.

### Onjeongmyeon

Ginseng and cotton were its specialties.

### Yongdomyeon

The region had tons of fertile fields.

### Unsanmyeon

A rock that is said to be where Gongmin of Goryeo was born existed here.

### Yugokmyeon

The region had some cattle.

### Unchonmyeon

The region was famous for god quality crops such as beans. Also, it had a onsen.

### Haeryongmyeon

The region was known for its scenery.

### Haesongmyeon

The region was known for its fishing event in April.

### Haewolmyeon

The region was one of the top 4 regions that produced gold out of all the regions in Korea.

### Honammyeon

The region had some dolmen ruins.

### Hodongmyeon

Ancient pottery was discovered here.

### Hwaseongmyeon

There was a temple that is said to be founded by Gongmin of Goryeo, which later disappeared.

## Education

In 1929, due to the 1 myeon 1 school policy, every up and myon had its own elementary schools. In 1934, the yonan agricultural school was established. As of 1938, the county had 64 Seodangs.

## Religion

As of 1939,there were 50 Buddhist temples, 19 Roman Catholic cathedrals and 19 Protestant churches.

## Population census

In 1942, there were 35,953 families and 199,942 people living in the county which was the most populous county in the province.
# Bavington Hall

Bavington Hall is a 17th-century privately owned country house at Little Bavington in Northumberland. It is a Grade II* listed building.
A tower house (Little Bavington Tower) was recorded on the site in 1415, but this was replaced in the late 17th century by the Shafto family.
The Shaftos acquired the estate when William Shafto married the Bavington heiress in the 15th century. In 1716 William Shafto and his son John were attainted for their part in the Jacobite rising of 1715 and the estate was forfeited and sold by the Crown to Admiral George Delaval. On his death Delaval restored the property to the Shafto family by bequeathing the estate to his brother-in-law George Delaval Shafto (High Sheriff of Northumberland 1739 and Member of Parliament for Northumberland 1757–74).
Significant alterations and improvements to the three-storey, seven-bayed house were carried out in 1720, 1851 and 1930.
The Shafto family sold the property in 1994. The present owners offer holiday accommodation in cottages in the grounds. The grounds contain a grotto, statues and other features which are Grade II listed.