OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grant Saacks

Grant Saacks is a South African former professional tennis player.
Born and raised in Cape Town, Saacks was a junior Wimbledon quarter-finalist and played collegiate tennis for Pepperdine University during the late 1980s.
While competing on the professional tour he reached a best singles world ranking of 427 and in 1988 made the main draw of a Grand Prix tournament in Indianapolis, where he lost his first round match in three sets to Jim Pugh.
Earlier in his career he had singles victories over Pete Sampras, Petr Korda and Wayne Ferreira. He was a top 30 Men's player in France and ranked #23 Junior tennis player in the world.
Saacks has lived in New York City since 1999 and works in real estate.
# Chicklet

Chicklet is a Canadian musical group consisting of Julie Park (vocals, guitar) and Daniel Barida (guitar, vocals, synth). Sean Bettam (bass) was part of the group from 1997 to 1999 and toured the US to support their first album Wanderlust. Chris Sytnyk (bass) recorded on several Chicklet releases including Lemon Chandeliers, Wanderlust and Indian Summer.

## History

Chicklet started as a side project from the other musical projects Park and Barida were involved with prior to 1995.
They recorded, produced and independently released Daisy Smile and Kitty in 1995 and played live shows throughout Toronto. In 1996, Chicklet were invited to Livonia, Michigan to record the song Shellac, which was recorded and produced by legendary 4AD musician/producer Warren Defever of His Name is Alive. The song attracted the attention of California's Dewdrop Records and was included on the 1997 compilation Splashed with Many a Speck.
Later that year, Chicklet signed with California's Satellite Records which released the three-song recording, Premiere. It was released on semi-transparent purple 7" vinyl, and introduced the band to a larger audience while attracting positive reviews from press in both the US and Europe.
In 1997, Chicklet recorded an EP titled Lemon Chandeliers at Toronto's Audiolab Studio with Chris Hegge. Chris Sytnyk recorded bass while Barida played drums and percussion on all the tracks. Park and Barida followed up with a full-length album titled Wanderlust in 1998, which was also recorded at Audiolab.
Chicklet continued touring across the US to support Wanderlust. Sean Bettam played bass while the band performed with pre-recorded drums on stage. While on tour, Chicklet was interviewed on KROQ-FM in Los Angeles where Rodney Bingenheimer invited the band on his live radio show 'Rodney on the Roq'. Later, Johnny Marr (ex-The Smiths) and Rodney introduced the band while performed at Cafe Bleu in Hollywood California. Chicklet charted on the Billboard college radio charts with the album Wanderlust.
Their second full-length album Indian Summer was released in 2003 which was recorded and self-produced in their home studio and mastered by Chris Perry. Sytnyk once again recorded the bass lines as Bettam left Chicklet to start the band Talledega. Chicklet supported the album by touring the eastern US States.
Chicklet promised a new release for 2009, but nothing materialized. In 2017, the band reunited for Canadian Music Week 2017.
Now voted Chicklet as the "hottest obscure indie band in Toronto". The obscurity in their hometown is due to Chicklet's conscious effort to focus on a broader audience. The fan base tends to be out of Canada.
The songs, "Kyopo" and "Sleep Talking" were used in the Canadian television show Fashion Television.

## Discography
### Albums

* Wanderlust (1998)
* Indian Summer (2001)

### EPs and singles

* Daisy Smile & Kitty (cassette) (1995)
* Premiere (7" purple vinyl) (1996)
* Lemon Chandeliers (5 song ep) (1997)
* Ordinary (single) (2010)

## Videography

* "Sugar Rush" (1996)
* "Sleep Talking" (1998)
* "Frown" (1999)

## Television

* Fashion Television
* Music Now
* Mitch (film)
* The Recycler (film)
# James McLachlan (scholar)

James McLachlan is a Mormon studies scholar and theologian. In 2005 he became the inaugural co-editor, along with Carrie McLachlan, of Element: a Journal of Mormon Philosophy and Theology, the flagship peer-reviewed journal of Mormon theology. McLachlan is also Professor of Philosophy and Religion at Western Carolina University. As of 2011, McLachlan co-chaired the American Academy of Religion’s Mormon Studies Group and was a board member of the Society for Mormon Philosophy and Theology.
# Alberta Caledonia Pipe Band

The Alberta Caledonia Pipe Band was a competitive grade 1 pipe band based out of Calgary and Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

## History

The group was originally established in Edmonton in 1982, as the Grade 1 Edmonton Caledonia Pipe Band. The band's name was changed in the mid 1990s, after it received a large influx of players from Calgary; the band was then based out of both cities.
In 2000, they began attending the annual World Pipe Band Championships and, in 2001, placed 7th in the grade 1 finals. The group was one of the top competitive pipe bands in both Canada and the world.
The band recorded two CDs, They Took Their Leave in 1998 and Another Round in 2005.
In 2013, key members of the pipe section leave to pursue their careers elsewhere and the band decided to fold as it was not able to field a competition band at the Grade 1 level.
The Edmonton group of players came back together in 2015 to start the new grade 2 local band North Stratton Pipe Band. The Calgary players joined the Grade 2 Rocky Mountain Pipe Band.
# Asmalık, Çermik

Asmalık is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çermik, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. Its population is 153 (2022).
# Abacetus anjouaniananus

Abacetus anjouaniananus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Straneo in 1973 and is an endemic species found in Madagascar, Africa.
# Charlemont Bridge

Charlemont Bridge is a stone bridge in Moy, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland
The bridge spans the River Blackwater connecting the villages of Moy and Charlemont (on the east bank) on the old coaching route between Dungannon and Armagh. It is a triple-arched stone bridge constructed in 1855 by William Dargan, who was also responsible for the Portadown to Dungannon section of the Ulster Railway.
# Charles Fenner

Charles Albert Edward Fenner (18 May 1884 – 9 June 1955) was an Australian geologist, naturalist, geographer and educator.

## History

Fenner was born in the town of Dunach, Victoria (near Ballarat), the fifth child of German born Johannes Fenner and Mary Fenner, née Thomas, of Adelaide. After leaving school he embarked on an apprenticeship as compositor with the Talbot Leader a local newspaper. He won a scholarship to attend Melbourne Teachers' College, and graduated BSc with Honours and Dip. Ed. in 1913. Fenner taught at several Victorian schools before being appointed (joint?) principal of the Ballarat School of Mines in November 1914. He also had charge of the school's Geology department, the teaching of which was favorably commented on by examiners. He paid particular attention to field work, which the students enjoyed, as well as being important to their education. Fenner also prepared students for the Geology examinations at Melbourne University, with notable success. In 1916 he accepted the post of Superintendent of Technical Education in South Australia, a position he held until May 1939, when he was appointed acting Director of Education in place of W. J. Adey who was on the eve of retirement. During that time he completed research work for his D.Sc and from 1929 lectured in geography at the University of Adelaide, and in 1937 went on an extended overseas tour. In September 1939 he succeeded Adey as Director of Education and held that position until 1946, when he retired due to ill health. He worked as a volunteer for the South Australian Museum, pursuing his research into tektites, among other interests, and contributed numbers of articles to Walkabout, until 1954 when he suffered a stroke, and died a year later. His remains were buried in the Centennial Park Cemetery.

## Other interests

Fenner was president of the Royal Society of South Australia in 1931, and a member of the board of governors of the Public Library. Most of his spare time was spent in research and on geology excursions. He was particularly interested in australites, small glassy, often button-shaped, objects found on the Nullarbor Plain and elsewhere in southern Australia, believed to be ejecta from a large meteorite that landed in China.

## Recognition

Fenner won the
* Sachse Gold Medal (awarded by the Royal Geographical Society (Victorian Branch), named in honour of its president, Arthur Sachse) in 1919 for a paper delivered to the Royal Society of Victoria, dealing with the geology of the Werribee River basin.
* David Syme Research Prize in 1929 for a thesis, Adelaide, South Australia: A Study in Human Geography
* John Lewis Medal (awarded by the Royal Geographical Society of Australasia) in 1947 for South Australia: A Geographical Study.
A portrait of Fenner by Beulah Symes Leicester was a finalist for the 1938 Archibald Prize. A portrait by his friend Ivor Hele was held by Croydon Park College of Further Education.
# Karel David

Karel David (born 8 February 1964 in Nový Jičín, Czechoslovakia) is a retired long-distance runner from the Czech Republic, who won the 1991 and 1992 edition of the Vienna Marathon. David represented Czechoslovakia twice in the men's marathon (1988 and 1992) at the Summer Olympics. He set his personal best time (2:11:57) on 23 May 1993 at the Hamburg Marathon which as of April 2024 is still the national record of the Czech Republic.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Czechoslovakia ||||||
| 1988 | Olympic Games | Seoul, South Korea | 55th | Marathon | 2:26:12 |
| 1989 | Universiade | Duisburg, West Germany | 5th | Marathon | 2:16:31 |
| 1989 | Košice Peace Marathon | Košice, Czechoslovakia | 1st | Marathon | 2:18:39 |
| 1990 | European Championships | Split, FR Yugoslavia | 7th | Marathon | 2:18:05 |
| 1991 | Vienna Marathon | Vienna, Austria | 1st | Marathon | 2:12:25 |
| 1992 | Vienna Marathon | Vienna, Austria | 1st | Marathon | 2:13:41 |
| 1992 | Olympic Games | Barcelona, Spain | 19th | Marathon | 2:16:34 |
| Representing Czech Republic ||||||
| 1995 | World Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | — | Marathon | DNF |
| 1997 | World Championships | Athens, Greece | 32nd | Marathon | 2:24:42 |
# Karelsprivilege

Karelsprivilege is a legendary privilege that Charlemagne allegedly paid to the Frisians led by Magnus Forteman to thank them for the support that was given to his attack on Rome. Since the 13th century, the Frisians regularly mentioned Karelsprivilege in legal and historical works. The authenticity of the privilege has been heavily contested, especially after the Middle Ages. The privilege formed the basis of the so-called Frisian freedom. It was recognized as genuine by a number of Holy Roman emperors. An affirmation and recognition of the privilege was given by Emperor Conrad II in 1039.
The original has been lost. According to tradition it was inscribed on the wall of a church, which could be the church of Almenum, Ferwoude or Oldeboorn. Copies were made and circulated during the Middle Ages. Some or all of these copies were likely forgeries.
In the Middle Ages, only the original, and undamaged sealing wax impressions, were accepted as valid. Forged documents were common, and a well-organized archive of treaty documents that could serve as a reference did not exist. Medieval literature mentioned a link between the Frisian eagle as a heraldic charge in coats of arms and the Karelsprivilege. This is unclear because in the time of Charlemagne there were no family or regional coat of arms existing, but it could have been used as a banner in that period.
Other names used for this charter are: Magnuskerren, Friezenprivilege, Vrijheidsprivilege, Libertas Frisonica or Previlegii Frisiorum Caroli Magni.

## Background

Between 650 and 750 the Franks significantly expanded their realm. At that time they conquered a large part of Frisia. That conquest was not complete. The part already conquered remained in unsettled ownership (see the death of Boniface). Frisia east of the Lauwers, together with Saxony, continued to oppose the Franks.
Only Charlemagne eventually succeeded, in breaking the last resistance by the Saxons in 785. The Saxons were led by Widukind and were beaten during the Saxon Wars. One of Charlemagne's first steps after the conquest of the Saxons was enumerating the local customs For Frisia that meant the codification of the Lex Frisionum. To what extent this led to the imposition of law on the Frisians is unknown.
The core of the privilege would have been that this freedom was returned to the Frisians. The obligations the Lex said the Frisian received the freedom to apply those rights, but not that they were forced to do so.

## Meaning

Although the existence of the privilege has been challenged, the Frisian Countries up to the beginning of the sixteenth century developed in a unique way, without the feudal system introduced by Charlemagne in other areas of Western Europe.
# Chiquinho

Chiquinho is a nickname for Francisco (Francis) in Portuguese speaking countries, and may refer to the following:
* Chiquinho Carlos (born 1963), Brazilian-born footballer who played in the Portuguese leagues in the 1980s and 1990s
* Chiquinho Conde (born 1965), Mozambican footballer
* Chiquinho (footballer, born 1974), Brazilian footballer
* Chiquinho (footballer, born 1980), Portuguese footballer
* Chiquinho (footballer, born 1983), Brazilian footballer
* Chiquinho (footballer, born 1989), Brazilian footballer
* Chiquinho (footballer, born 1995), Portuguese footballer
* Chiquinho (footballer, born 2000), Portuguese footballer
* Chiquinho (novel), a 1947 novel published by Baltasar Lopes da Silva
# Cho Sung-hwan

Cho Sung-hwan may refer to:
* Cho Seong-hwan (independence activist) [ko] (born 1875), Korean independence activist
* Cho Sung-hwan (cyclist) (born 1943), South Korean cyclist
* Jo Sung-hwan (born 1970), South Korean football player and manager
* Cho Sung-hwan (baseball) (born 1976), South Korean baseball player
* Cho Sung-hwan (footballer, born 1982), South Korean football player
* Cho Sung-hwan (footballer, born 1985), South Korean football player
# Charles Hastings Doyle

Sir Charles Hastings Doyle KCMG (10 April 1803 – 19 March 1883) was a British military officer who was the second Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia post Confederation and the first Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick.

## Military career

Born in London, England, the eldest son of Lieutenant-General Sir Charles William Doyle and Sophia Cramer Coghill, he attended the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, and joined the army as an ensign of the 24th (The 2nd Warwickshire) Regiment of Foot on 23 December 1819. He was promoted to the ranks of lieutenant on 27 September 1822 and captain on 16 June 1825. He received a brevet as major on 28 June 1838. Rising through the ranks (Lieutenant Colonel in 1846,), he reached major-general in 1860. He was Colonel of the 70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot from 1868 to 1870.
After service in the Crimean War, he was stationed in Nova Scotia and, during the American Civil War, resolved the Chesapeake Affair, which took place in Halifax. He then countered the threat of the Fenian Raid on Canada's Maritime Provinces by ending the Campobello Island Raid. By April 1866 the menace of a Fenian invasion of New Brunswick was at its most serious, and Doyle quickly responded to Lieutenant Governor Gordon's request for military aid. On 17 April 1866, he left Halifax with Royal Navy warships carrying over 700 British regulars and proceeded to Passamaquoddy Bay, where the Fenian force was concentrated, under the command of John O'Mahony. This show of British armed might discouraged the Fenians, and the invaders dispersed.
He was appointed the Lieutenant-Governor of New Brunswick in 1867, the first Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick after Confederation. From 1867 to 1873, he was the second Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia post-Confederation. In 1869 he was appointed a Knight Commander of St Michael and St George, and in 1870 he was promoted to lieutenant-general. He became Commander of the British Troops in Canada in 1870 and general officer commanding Southern District in April 1874. He was promoted full general in 1877.
There is a full-length portrait of him by Adolphus Robert Venables in Province House (Nova Scotia). He is the namesake of Port Hastings, Nova Scotia.
# Chloroselas mazoensis

Chloroselas mazoensis, the purple gem, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in South Africa, in northern KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Limpopo and North West provinces. It is also found in Zimbabwe.
The wingspan is 20–24 mm for males and 22–25 mm females. Adults are on wing from September to December and again in May and/or June in a small second generation in northern KwaZulu-Natal.
The larvae probably feed on young shoots of Acacia species.
# Chloroselas overlaeti

Chloroselas overlaeti is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (from the south-eastern part of the country to Lualaba), Zambia and Tanzania (from the western part of the country to Mpanda and Kigoma).
# Kamloops This Week

Kamloops This Week was a local newspaper in Kamloops, British Columbia from 1988 to 2023.
In October 2023, the paper announced it will print its final issue on Oct. 25.

## Awards

In 2014, KTW was named best community newspaper in Canada and in 2014 and 2015, KTW was named best community newspaper in B.C./Yukon.
The paper was named a finalist of the 2022 Michener Award, Canada's highest journalism honor. KTW has also won five Webster Awards (B.C.'s highest journalism honor) and has been a Webster finalist numerous times. In addition, KTW has taken home dozens of BC/Yukon Community Newsmedia (known as the Ma Murrays) and Canadian Community Newspaper Association awards.
# Charles L. English

Charles Lewis English (born 1951) is a former United States Ambassador to Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Charles L. English was sworn in as United States Ambassador to Bosnia and Herzegovina on September 20, 2007 and presented his credentials to the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina on October 4, 2007. Prior to his appointment, Ambassador English served as the deputy director of the Office of Career Development and Assignments in the Bureau of Human Resources at the U.S. Department of State from 2006 to 2007. As deputy director, he was responsible for effecting the assignments of all members of the U.S. Foreign Service.
From 2003 to 2006, Ambassador English served as the Director of the Office of South Central European Affairs in the Bureau for European and Eurasian Affairs, where he was responsible for coordinating the State Department's approach to relations with countries in the Western Balkans. From 2002 to 2003, he served as the Director of the Office of European Union and Regional Affairs in the Bureau for European and Eurasian Affairs.
Ambassador English received a bachelor's degree from Princeton University and studied international economics at the graduate level at New York University. Ambassador English is also a graduate of Xaverian High School in Brooklyn, New York. He is married to Patricia Espey-English and they have two children, Cathryn and Matthew.
# Charles James Monk

Charles James Monk (30 November 1824 – 10 November 1900) was an English Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1859 and 1885.
Monk was born at Peterborough, the son of Rt. Rev. James Henry Monk Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol, and his wife Jane Smart Hughes daughter of Rev. Hugh Hughes of Huneaton Warwickshire. He was educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge. At Cambridge he was the Sir W Browne's Medallist in 1845, University Members Prizeman in 1846 and 1847 and he graduated junior optime in 1847. In 1850, he was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn. He became Chancellor of the diocese of Bristol in 1855 and Chancellor of diocese of Gloucester in 1859. He was also a Deputy Lieutenant and J.P. for Gloucestershire
At the 1857 general election Monk stood for parliament unsuccessfully at Cricklade.
He was elected as one of the two Members of Parliament (MPs) for Gloucester at the 1859 general election but was unseated on petition. He was re-elected for Gloucester in 1865 and held the seat until 1885. He was author of the Revenue Officers' Disabilities Removal Act, 1868.
Monk did not stand in the 1885 general election, when the parliamentary borough of Gloucester was abolished and the name transferred to a new county division with the same name, but covering a bigger area. He unsuccessfully contested the new seat in 1892, but won it in 1895 and held it until he stood down at the 1900 general election, shortly before his death.
Monk married Julia Ralli, daughter of P. S. Ralli of London in 1853.
Monk was President of the Association of Chambers of Commerce of the United Kingdom from 1881 to 1884 and became a director of the Suez Canal Company in 1884. He was author of The Golden Horn.
Monk lived at Bedwell Park, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, where he died at the age of 75.
# Kaohsiung Science Park

The Kaohsiung Science Park (Chinese: 高雄科學園區; pinyin: Gāoxióng Kēxué Yuánqū), also known as Luzhu Science Park, is located in Lujhu District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. It is a part of the project of Southern Taiwan Science Park, and covers an area of 1,409 acres (5.70 km$^2$). The park was established in 2010.
# Charles Thorn (golfer)

Charles Thorn (born November 1877) was a Scottish-American professional golfer. Thorn placed seventh in the 1902 U.S. Open.

## Early life

In 1879 at age 2, he emigrated with his family to the United States and became a naturalized American citizen. In 1900 he was boarding with the George Eke family at Shelter Island, New York.

## Golf career
### Head professional jobs

By 1901 he was serving as the professional at Bedford Springs Hotel resort course in Bedford Springs, Pennsylvania, one of the oldest golf courses in the country. While there, he worked to improve the course by rebuilding greens and tee boxes and installing an irrigation system using the natural springs found in the area as a water source. In January 1919 Thorn was the head professional at Miami Beach Golf Club in the winter months and spent his summers working at Shinnecock Hills Golf Club on Long Island, New York.

### Major championship tournaments

Thorn was in the field for the playing of the eighth U.S. Open in 1902. The golf tournament was held October 10–11, 1902, at Garden City Golf Club in Garden City, New York. Fellow Scotsman Laurie Auchterlonie established a new 72-hole U.S. Open scoring record to win his first U.S. Open title by six strokes ahead of Stewart Gardner and Walter Travis. Thorn's steady play resulted in a seventh-place finish.
Auchterlonie turned in a record-breaking performance on his way to the championship. He posted rounds of 78-78-74-77, becoming the first golfer in U.S. Open history to card four sub-80 rounds. His 307 total was six shots better than the previous tournament record, set by Harry Vardon in 1900. Stewart Gardner and amateur Walter Travis, the designer of Garden City Golf Club, both posted a 313 total to share second place.
The low scores were in large part due to the introduction of the Haskell golf ball, which soon replaced the gutta-percha ball as the prominent golf ball in use.