# Wallace (New Zealand electorate)

Wallace was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It was established in 1858, the first election held in 1859, and existed until 1996. From 1861 to 66, it was represented by two members. In total, there were 18 Members of Parliament from the Wallace electorate.

## Population centres

The initial 24 New Zealand electorates were defined by Governor George Grey in March 1853, based on the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 that had been passed by the British government. The Constitution Act also allowed the House of Representatives to establish new electorates, and this was first done in 1858, when four new electorates were formed by splitting existing electorates. Wallace was one of those four electorates, and it was established by splitting the Dunedin Country electorate. Settlements in the initial area were Invercargill, Gore, Mataura, and Riverton.
This electorate was in the rural part of Southland.

## History

The first election was held on 30 November 1859 during the term of the 2nd New Zealand Parliament, and was won by Dillon Bell. The electorate was named after Scottish military hero William Wallace.
For the term of the 3rd New Zealand Parliament (1861–66), it was a two-member electorate. From 1866 to its dissolution in 1996, it was a single-member electorate.
In 1938 additional areas added from Central Otago and the West Coast made Wallace the biggest (non-Māori) electorate in New Zealand.
In the 1996 election, the first MMP election, the electorate was combined with the adjacent Clutha electorate into the Clutha-Southland electorate.

### Members of Parliament

Key
Independent  Liberal  Reform  National

#### Single-member electorate

| Election | Winner | Winner |
| 1859 election | | Dillon Bell |

#### Multi-member electorate

| Election | Winners | Winners | Winners | Winners |
| 1861 election | | Dillon Bell | | Walter Mantell |

#### Single-member electorate

| Election | Winner |
| 1866 election | Alexander McNeill |
| 1st 1869 by-election | Cuthbert Cowan |
| 2nd 1869 by-election | George Webster |
| 1871 election | George Webster |
| 1875 by-election | Christopher Basstian |
| 1875 election | James Joyce |
| 1879 election | Henry Hirst |
| 1881 election | Theophilus Daniel |
| 1884 election | Henry Hirst |
| 1887 election | Samuel Hodgkinson |
| 1890 election | James Mackintosh |
| 1893 election | James Mackintosh |
| 1896 election | Michael Gilfedder |
| 1899 election | Michael Gilfedder |
| 1902 election | John Thomson |
| 1905 election | John Thomson |
| 1908 election | John Thomson |
| 1911 election | John Thomson |
| 1914 election | John Thomson |
| 1919 election | Adam Hamilton |
| 1922 election | John Thomson |
| 1925 election | Adam Hamilton |
| 1928 election | Adam Hamilton |
| 1931 election | Adam Hamilton |
| 1935 election | Adam Hamilton |
| 1938 election | Adam Hamilton |
| 1943 election | Adam Hamilton |
| 1946 election | Tom Macdonald |
| 1949 election | Tom Macdonald |
| 1951 election | Tom Macdonald |
| 1954 election | Tom Macdonald |
| 1957 election | Brian Talboys |
| 1960 election | Brian Talboys |
| 1963 election | Brian Talboys |
| 1966 election | Brian Talboys |
| 1969 election | Brian Talboys |
| 1972 election | Brian Talboys |
| 1975 election | Brian Talboys |
| 1978 election | Brian Talboys |
| 1981 election | Derek Angus |
| 1984 election | Derek Angus |
| 1987 election | Derek Angus |
| 1990 election | Bill English |
| 1993 election | Bill English |
| (Electorate abolished in 1996; see Clutha-Southland) |||

## Election results
### 1993 election

1993 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Bill English | 9,832 | 55.93 | −14.59 |
| | Labour | Lesley Soper | 4,254 | 24.20 | |
| | Alliance | P J Horton | 2,359 | 13.42 | |
| | Christian Heritage | J P Stevens | 628 | 3.57 | −0.40 |
| | Independent | M La Roche | 217 | 1.23 | |
| | McGillicuddy Serious | Robyn West | 201 | 1.14 | |
| | Natural Law | B Bull | 87 | 0.49 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,578 | 31.73 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 17,578 | 79.98 | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 21,977 | | |

### 1990 election

1990 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Bill English | 12,243 | 70.52 | |
| | Labour | David Soper | 3,357 | 19.33 | |
| | Christian Heritage | J P Stevens | 690 | 3.97 | |
| | NewLabour | Marinus La Rooij | 556 | 3.20 | |
| | Social Credit | J P Sawyers | 366 | 2.10 | |
| | Democrats | P Miller | 148 | 0.85 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 8,886 | 51.18 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 17,360 | 82.56 | −3.91 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 21,026 | | |

### 1987 election

1987 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Derek Angus | 12,323 | 66.91 | +13.85 |
| | Labour | Barry Julian | 4,729 | 25.67 | |
| | Democrats | M J Radich | 1,038 | 5.63 | |
| | Independent | Charmaine Smith | 327 | 1.77 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 7,594 | 41.23 | +11.29 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 18,417 | 86.47 | −4.71 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 21,298 | | |

### 1984 election

1984 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Derek Angus | 10,034 | 53.06 | +0.91 |
| | Labour | Calvin Fisher | 4,371 | 23.11 | |
| | NZ Party | Kevin Phillips | 3,270 | 17.29 | |
| | Social Credit | J T Hicks | 1,234 | 6.52 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,663 | 29.94 | −4.03 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 18,909 | 91.18 | +1.90 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 20,737 | | |

### 1981 election

1981 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Derek Angus | 10,065 | 52.15 | |
| | Social Credit | Owen Horton | 3,507 | 18.17 | +1.35 |
| | Labour | Ernest Dix | 3,143 | 16.28 | |
| | Independent | Aubrey Begg | 2,585 | 13.39 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 6,558 | 33.97 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 19,300 | 89.28 | +13.55 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 21,615 | | |

### 1978 election

1978 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Brian Talboys | 9,253 | 49.47 | −15.07 |
| | Labour | Jim Thomson | 3,929 | 21.00 | |
| | Social Credit | Owen Horton | 3,147 | 16.82 | +5.74 |
| | Independent National | June Slee | 2,199 | 11.75 | |
| | Values | C E Henderson | 176 | 0.94 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,324 | 28.46 | −14.71 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 18,704 | 75.73 | −9.45 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 24,698 | | |

### 1975 election

1975 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Brian Talboys | 10,433 | 64.54 | +12.34 |
| | Labour | Ian Lamont | 3,455 | 21.37 | +10.99 |
| | Social Credit | Owen Horton | 1,792 | 11.08 | |
| | Values | John Veitch | 484 | 2.99 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 6,978 | 43.17 | +23.33 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 16,164 | 85.18 | −2.22 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 18,976 | | |

### 1972 election

1972 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Brian Talboys | 7,640 | 52.20 | −4.37 |
| | Labour | Ian Lamont | 4,736 | 32.36 | |
| | Social Credit | F J Williams | 1,382 | 9.44 | −5.65 |
| | Liberal Reform | A G J McDonald | 796 | 5.43 | |
| | New Democratic | I C Lumsden | 80 | 0.54 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2,904 | 19.84 | −13.68 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 14,634 | 87.40 | +2.75 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 16,743 | | |

### 1969 election

1969 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Brian Talboys | 7,646 | 56.57 | +2.82 |
| | Labour | J Robson | 3,115 | 23.04 | |
| | Social Credit | F J Williams | 2,040 | 15.09 | −4.58 |
| | Country Party | R J Egerton | 714 | 5.28 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,531 | 33.52 | +6.34 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 13,515 | 84.65 | +0.03 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 15,965 | | |

### 1966 election

1966 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Brian Talboys | 7,841 | 53.75 | −9.71 |
| | Labour | Aubrey Begg | 3,876 | 26.57 | |
| | Social Credit | F J Williams | 2,870 | 19.67 | +12.01 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 3,965 | 27.18 | −13.23 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 14,587 | 84.62 | −1.74 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 17,238 | | |

### 1963 election

1963 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Brian Talboys | 9,013 | 63.46 | −5.04 |
| | Labour | John Reid | 3,272 | 23.04 | |
| | Social Credit | F J Williams | 1,088 | 7.66 | |
| | Liberal | V D Stevens | 828 | 5.83 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,740 | 40.41 | −4.31 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 14,201 | 86.36 | −2.20 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 16,443 | | |

### 1960 election

1960 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Brian Talboys | 8,786 | 68.50 | +5.56 |
| | Labour | E Harris | 3,050 | 23.77 | |
| | Social Credit | J P Stack | 990 | 7.71 | +0.72 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,736 | 44.72 | +11.84 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 12,826 | 88.56 | −1.90 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 14,482 | | |

### 1957 election

1957 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Brian Talboys | 8,266 | 62.94 | |
| | Labour | John Reid | 3,947 | 30.05 | |
| | Social Credit | J P Stack | 919 | 6.99 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,319 | 32.88 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 13,132 | 90.46 | +2.15 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 14,516 | | |

### 1954 election

1954 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Tom Macdonald | 7,405 | 62.22 | −8.91 |
| | Labour | J W Cleary | 2,939 | 24.69 | −4.17 |
| | Social Credit | S A Shaw | 1,557 | 13.08 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,466 | 37.52 | −4.75 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 11,901 | 88.31 | +0.68 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 13,476 | | |

### 1951 election

1951 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Tom Macdonald | 8,515 | 71.13 | +2.72 |
| | Labour | J W Cleary | 3,455 | 28.86 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,060 | 42.27 | +5.44 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 11,970 | 87.63 | −3.94 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 13,659 | | |

### 1949 election

1949 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Tom Macdonald | 8,379 | 68.41 | +3.95 |
| | Labour | Herman Victor Freeman | 3,868 | 31.58 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,511 | 36.83 | +7.14 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 12,247 | 91.57 | −2.28 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 13,374 | | |

### 1946 election

1946 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Tom Macdonald | 8,068 | 64.46 | |
| | Labour | David Johnston Munro | 4,352 | 34.77 | |
| | Independent | Leslie A. Murrell | 95 | 0.75 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 3,716 | 29.69 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 12,515 | 93.85 | +2.11 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 13,334 | | |

### 1943 election

1943 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Adam Hamilton | 4,738 | 55.03 | +1.03 |
| | Labour | John James Lynch | 3,131 | 36.36 | −9.13 |
| | Independent | Patrick McMullan | 675 | 7.84 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 65 | 0.75 | +0.25 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,607 | 18.66 | +10.15 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,609 | 91.74 | −0.96 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 9,384 | | |

### 1938 election

1938 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National | Adam Hamilton | 5,353 | 54.00 | +3.34 |
| | Labour | John James Lynch | 4,509 | 45.49 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 50 | 0.50 | −0.08 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 844 | 8.51 | −13.53 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,912 | 92.70 | +1.33 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 10,692 | | |

### 1935 election

1935 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Reform | Adam Hamilton | 4,674 | 50.66 | −17.16 |
| | Labour | Lawrence Edmond | 2,640 | 28.61 | |
| | Democrat | William Hinchey | 1,821 | 19.73 | |
| | Independent Labour | Thomas Rewcastle | 91 | 0.98 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 54 | 0.58 | −0.31 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2,034 | 22.04 | −13.60 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,226 | 91.37 | +9.06 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 10,097 | | |

### 1931 election

1931 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Reform | Adam Hamilton | 5,408 | 67.82 | +19.03 |
| | Independent | Peter Gilfedder | 2,566 | 32.18 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 72 | 0.89 | −0.19 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2,842 | 35.64 | +35.42 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,046 | 82.31 | −9.38 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 9,775 | | |

### 1928 election

1928 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Reform | Adam Hamilton | 4,360 | 48.79 | −4.66 |
| | United | Walter Taylor | 4,340 | 48.56 | |
| | Independent Liberal | George Pulley | 139 | 1.55 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 97 | 1.08 | −0.28 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 20 | 0.22 | −17.52 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,936 | 91.69 | +1.43 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 9,745 | | |

### 1925 election

1925 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Reform | Adam Hamilton | 4,001 | 53.45 | +5.19 |
| | Labour | James Morris MacKenzie | 2,673 | 35.71 | |
| | Liberal | George Shepherd Edie | 432 | 5.77 | |
| | Independent Liberal | Peter Gilfedder | 277 | 3.70 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 102 | 1.36 | +0.76 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,328 | 17.74 | +14.87 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,485 | 93.12 | +5.02 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 8,038 | | |

### 1922 election

1922 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | John Thomson | 3,646 | 51.13 | +2.02 |
| | Reform | Adam Hamilton | 3,441 | 48.26 | −1.60 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 43 | 0.60 | −0.41 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 205 | 2.87 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,130 | 88.10 | +5.37 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 8,093 | | |

### 1919 election

1919 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Reform | Adam Hamilton | 2,843 | 49.86 | |
| | Liberal | John Thomson | 2,800 | 49.11 | −9.37 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 58 | 1.01 | −0.01 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 43 | 0.75 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,701 | 82.73 | −0.59 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 6,891 | | |

### 1914 election

1914 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Liberal | John Thomson | 3,036 | 58.48 |
| | Reform | Alexander Rodger | 2,155 | 41.51 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 53 | 1.02 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 881 | 16.97 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,191 | 83.32 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 6,230 | |

### 1899 election

1899 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Michael Gilfedder | 1,896 | 53.06 | +26.73 |
| | Conservative | Allen Carmichael | 1,677 | 46.94 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 219 | 6.13 | 3.71 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 3,573 | 78.05 | 1.46 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 4,578 | | |

### 1896 election

1896 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Liberal | Michael Gilfedder | 756 | 26.33 |
| | Liberal | Rev. Thomas Neave | 640 | 22.29 |
| | Conservative | Hugh Valentine | 585 | 20.38 |
| | Conservative | Henry Hirst | 487 | 16.96 |
| | Liberal | James Mackintosh | 403 | 14.04 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 116 | 4.04 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 3,927 | |

### 1890 election

1890 general election: Wallace :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Liberal | James Mackintosh | 675 | 44.47 |
| | Conservative | Samuel Hodgkinson | 497 | 32.74 |
| | Independent | Henry Hirst | 346 | 22.79 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 178 | 11.72 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,518 | 54.31 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 2,795 | |

### 1875 by-election

1875 Wallace by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Independent | Christopher Basstian | 57 | 48.72 |
| | Independent | Robert Cameron | 38 | 32.48 |
| | Independent | Dr Francis Alexander Monckton | 22 | 18.80 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 19 | 16.24 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 117 | |