OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# British Herpetological Society

The British Herpetological Society (BHS) is an international herpetological society based in the United Kingdom. The BHS is a non-profit organization with goals to support the conservation, education and captive care of reptiles and amphibians. The society regularly publishes the Herpetological Journal and Herpetological Bulletin on a quarterly basis. It is one of the oldest international herpetological societies and is recognized worldwide for its support in conservation, research and other relevant activities.

## History

The society was established in 1947 with the help of Dr Malcolm A. Smith who was a physician who practised in the Royal Court of Siam. Whilst in Siam (present day Thailand), Dr Smith studied the herpetofauna as well as that of south-east Asia. After retiring, he returned to Britain where he developed an interest in the native reptiles and amphibians. This led him founding the society as a way to promote the values he saw fit in regards to the herpetofauna of the British Isles and the wider landscape.

### Past Presidents

Past presidents of the British Herpetological Society, listed by retirement date:
* Dr. M. A. Smith (1956)
* Dr. J. F. D. Frazer (1981)
* The Earl of Cranbrook (1990)
* Prof. J. L. Cloudsley-Thompson (1996)
* Dr. R. Avery (1997)
* Dr. H. Robert Bustard (2005)
* Prof. T. J. C. Beebee (2013)
* Prof. R. A. Griffiths (2018)

## Publications

The BHS publishes a small number of publications such as:
* Herpetological Journal (formerly British Journal of Herpetology)
* Herpetological Bulletin (formerly The British Herpetological Society Bulletin)
* Natterjack
* British Herpetological Society Reports
# Lisa Bertini

Lisa Bertini (born 22 February 1972) is an Italian rower. She competed in the women's lightweight double sculls event at the 1996 Summer Olympics. Her brother Lorenzo Bertini is also an Olympic rower.
# Arslan Tash reliefs

The Arslan Tash reliefs are bas-reliefs of human figures and animals which adorned the city gates and temple portals of ancient Hadatu; the modern archeological site of Arslan Tash, literally "the Stone Lion". (Turkish; Arslan - Lion, Taş - Stone)
The bas-reliefs may have been carved by different artists in different periods, but an inscription carved across the body of one bull dates the inscription to the reign of Tiglath-Pileser III (745-727 BC) however artistic considerations suggest the conclusion that the reliefs were originally carved sometime between the reigns of Shalmaneser III (858-824 BC) and Sargon II (721-705 BC).
In February 2015, in the Syrian city of Raqqa, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) publicly ordered the bulldozing of a colossal ancient Assyrian gateway lion sculpture from the 8th century BC. Another lion statue was also destroyed. Both statues originated from the Arslan Tash archaeological site. The destruction was published in the ISIL magazine, Dabiq.
* Basalt wall slabs from the palace of Tiglath-pileser III at Arslan Tash, Syria. Ancient Orient Museum, Istanbul
* Assyrian chariot, charioteer, and a horse rider. Basalt wall reliefs from the palace of Tiglath-pileser III at Arslan Tash, Syria. 744-727 BCE. Ancient Orient Museum, Istanbul
* Assyrian warriors. A procession of mace bearers. Basalt wall reliefs from the palace of Tiglath-pileser III at Arslan Tash, Syria. 744-727 BCE. Ancient Orient Museum, Istanbul
* Basalt wall slab showing Assyrian soldiers in procession, holding long spears. From the palace of Tiglath-pileser III at Arslan Tash, Syria. Ancient Orient Museum, Istanbul
# Farmer's Castle

Farmer's Castle was a defensive fortification built opposite the mouth of the Little Kanawha River on the Ohio River by a group of pioneers from the Ohio Company of Associates. It was located about 15 miles downriver of Marietta, Ohio, the first European-American settlement in the Northwest Territory. The pioneers had surveyed the land during the winter of 1788-89, and moved from Marietta to their new farms in April 1789. They called their town Belle-prairie, or modern day Belpre, Ohio. Adjacent to the island later known as Blennerhasset Island, the settlers began construction of Farmer's Castle during January 1791 for protection during the Northwest Indian War.
   The work was commenced the first week in January, and was prosecuted with the utmost energy, as their lives, apparently, depended on its completion. As fast as the block houses were built, the families moved into them. They were thirteen in number, arranged in two rows, with a wide street between, as shown in the engraving. The basement story was in general twenty feet square, and the upper about twenty-two feet, thus projecting over the lower one, and forming a defense from which to protect the doors and windows below, in an attack. They were built of round logs a foot in diameter, and the interstices nicely chinked and pointed with mortar. The doors and window shutters were made of thick oak planks, or puncheons, and secured with stout bars of wood on the inside. The larger timbers were hauled with ox-teams, of which they had several yokes, while the lighter for the roofs, gates, &c, were dragged along on hand sleds, with ropes, by the men. The drawing was much facilitated by a few inches of snow, which covered the ground. The pickets were made of quartered oak timber, growing on the plain back of the garrison, formed from trees about a foot in diameter, fourteen feet in length, and set four feet deep in the ground, leaving them ten feet high, over which no enemy could mount without a ladder. The smooth side was set outward, and the palisades strengthened and kept in their places by stout ribbons, or wall pieces, pinned to them with inch treenails on the inside. The spaces between the houses were filled up with pickets, and occupied three or four times the width of the houses, forming a continuous wall, or inclosure, about eighty rods in length and six rods wide. The palisades on the river side filled the whole space, and projected over the edge of the bank, leaning on rails and posts set to support them. They were sloped in this manner for the admission of air during the heat of summer.

## Regional forts

Fortified settlements were constructed in other parts of the region. Upriver from Marietta, located at the mouth of the Muskingum River, United States troops built Fort Harmar, and the Ohio Company of Associates built Campus Martius and Picketed Point Stockade. Up the Muskingum River from Marietta, other Associates built Fort Frye. It developed as modern-day Beverly, Ohio.
# Experientialism

Experientialism is a philosophical view which states that there is no "purely rational" detached God's-eye view of the world which is external to human thought. It was first developed by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson in Metaphors We Live By. Experientialism is especially a response to the objectivist tradition of transcendental truth most prominently formulated by Immanuel Kant which still requires a commitment to what Lakoff and Johnson call "basic realism". Most importantly, this involves acknowledging the existence of a mind-independent external world and the possibility of stable knowledge of that external world. In Women, Fire and Dangerous Things, Lakoff expands on the foundations of experientialism with research into the nature of categories.
# Irisarri

Irisarri is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Antonio José de Irisarri (1786–1868), Guatemalan statesman, journalist, and politician
* Hermógenes Irisarri (1819–1886), Chilean poet, journalist, diplomat, and political figure
* Jon Irisarri (born 1995), Spanish cyclist
* Rafael Anton Irisarri, American composer, multi-instrumentalist, producer, and media artist
# Vert (sport)

Vert is a term used in extreme sports especially vert skating, vert skateboarding, snowboarding and BMX to denote a competition held on a vert ramp which allows the competitors to fly into the air and land back on the ramp. This time in the air allows the competitor to perform moves which would otherwise be extremely difficult. An example of this would be a flip, or a spin.
The term itself comes from the word "vertical," the direction in which the competitor is moving after leaving the ramp.
Ramps used in these events are usually vert ramps.
Outside of competitions, the term vert is not normally used. Instead, the specific type of ramp is denoted. So instead of saying "I am going to go ride vert," one might say "I am going to go ride a half-pipe." However, it would be correct to say "in competitions, I usually ride vert," in order to differentiate from other forms of competition (such as freestyle, park or street).
ESPN's X Games initially eliminated vert from its 2008 competition, due to declining ratings over the last few years, but because of a proposed boycott of the "Big Air" event, mainly by the professional skateboarders, it was reinstated.
# Chasefu District

Chasefu District is a district of Eastern Province, Zambia. It was made independent from Lundazi District in 2018. As of the 2022 Zambian Census, the district had a population of 131,160 people. Tumbuka is the predominant language spoken in the district.
# Cystoisospora

Cystoisospora is a genus of parasitic alveolates belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa.

## Taxonomy

This genus was originally created by J. K. Frenkel in 1977. Its use was discontinued but was resurrected in 2005. This genus currently includes species that have oocysts containing two sporocysts with four sporozoites in each without Stieda bodies. These species infect the enterocytes of mammals and are transmitted by the orofaecal route.
DNA analysis has shown that this genus belongs to the family Sarcocystidae.
The type species of this genus is Cystoisospora felis.

## Life cycle

This parasite has been isolated from dogs, cats and raccoons. C. belli has been isolated from immunosuppressed humans — particularly those with HIV infection.
These parasites normally infect the enterocytes of the small intestine and are spread by the orofaecal route. The definitive hosts are cats but other species including various species of rodents may be infected. No further development occurs in these paratenic hosts and the parasites remain dormant until ingested by a definitive host.

## Epidemiology

This genus has been recorded worldwide. C. felis and C. rivolta occur in up to 40% of cats in some tropical countries.

## Clinical

Clinical signs include watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever and weight loss. The diagnosis is made by microscopic examination of the stool. Distinguishing between the species of Cystoisospora is most easily done with PCR. This method can also be used to make the diagnosis.
Treatment is based on trimethoprim-sulfonamides with clindamycin or toltrazuril for resistant strains.

## Prevention

Hygiene on the premises is important in prevention. Good litter tray hygiene is also critical in multi-cat households. Utensils, runs, cages and other implements should be steam-cleaned or washed in boiling water. Because of the importance of paratenic hosts such as cockroaches, insect control is critical.
# British Hero (1809 ship)

British Hero was launched at Jarrow in 1809. She initially was a government transport and so did not appear in Lloyd's Register (LR) or the Register of Shipping (RS) until she came into mercantile service c. 1813. She was lost in November 1816 on a voyage to India.

## Career

A violent gale hit the Tagus on 19 December 1812. Among the vessels sustaining damage was the "British Hero Transport", which lost her cables and anchors.
She first appeared in the Register of Shipping in the 1813 volume with Cockerill, master, Carling & Co., owners, and trade Plymouth transport.
The British East India Company (EIC) had in 1813 lost its monopoly on the trade between Britain and India and numerous shipowners proceeded to sail their vessels on the newly-legal trade. Lloyd's Register for 1816 showed her master as Edwards, her owner as Crow & Co., and her trade as London–India. She had undergone small repairs in 1816.
On 22 May 1816 British Hero, J. Edwards, master, sailed for India under a license issued by the EIC. On 5 June British Hero, Edwards, master, arrived at Madeira from London, and sailed on the 8th for Bengal. She arrived at the Cape of Good Hope on 30 July, and on 18 August sailed for Madras and Bengal.

## Fate

Lloyd's List reported that British Hero had wrecked on 3 November 1816 on the Diamond Rock off Aracan. She had struck a hidden rock in clear weather some days after she left Madras. She struck in the evening and by 10pm crew and passengers had taken to the ship's boats. They then sailed to Chittagong, where they arrived on 9 November.

## Citations

* 1 2 Hackman 2001, p. 256.
* 1 2 3 4 RS (1813), Seq.№B528.
* ↑ Lloyd's List №4735.
* ↑ LR (1816), Supple. pages "B", Seq.№B35,
* ↑ LR (1818), "Licensed and Country Ships".
* ↑ Lloyd's List №5090, Ship arrival and departure (SAD), data.
* ↑ Lloyd's List №5124, SAD data.
* ↑ Lloyd's List №5168.
* ↑ The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British and Foreign India, China, and Australia (1817), p.90.
# Linus Loeliger

Linus Loeliger (born c. 1994/1995) is a Swiss professional poker player who specializes in online No Limit Texas hold 'em (NLHE) cash games. Loeliger focuses almost exclusively on no-limit hold 'em.

## Poker career

In 2013, Loeliger posted a challenge on Two Plus Two Publishing where he attempted to build a bankroll from $150 playing low stakes until he was properly rolled for $100NL. By the end of 2017, he was playing $200/$400 NLHE online.
Loeliger won the UKIPT £2,000 No Limit Hold'em event in April 2016 earning £55,650. The next month he began playing high stakes online poker on PokerStars under the alias "LLinusLLove". In February 2018, Loeliger along with Timofey Kuznetsov and Jonas "OtB_RedBaron" Mols, was ranked by poker player Andres "Educa-p0ker" Artinano as one of the top three 6-max no-limit hold 'em players in the world. On 21 February 2018, Loeliger won $112,306 from cash games on PokerStars with a majority of his profits coming from OtB_RedBaron. In 2018, Loeliger won $699,973 from playing NLHE cash games between January and April of that year. He finished runner up to Michiel "utreg" Brummelhuis in the 2018 $2,100 NLHE SCOOP-21-H earning $145,314.66.
As of 2018, Loeliger has earned over $1,400,000 playing online poker. His total live tournament winnings exceed $7,600,000.
# Arslan Shah I

Arslan Shah I was Seljuk Sultan of Kerman from 1101–1142, a city in Iran situated at the center of Kerman province. Located in a large and flat plain, this city is placed 1,076 km (669 mi) south of the Iranian capital, Tehran.

## Reign

Arslan began his reign from 1101. Despite Muhammad bin Ibrahim's limited account, Arslan-Shah's reign seems to have been relatively peaceful and uneventful. He is noted for supporting scholars and the ulema, contributing to Kerman's commercial prosperity during this period. The Persian Gulf's chaos and piracy redirected trade overland, expanding the trading suburb of the capital. The stable Seljuq amirate in eastern central Iran served as a refuge for political exiles and those seeking military assistance. Arslan-Shah also played a role in aiding the Ghaznavid Bahram-Shah, son of Mas'ud III.
Arslan-Shah's diplomatic engagements extended to Yazd, where he interceded on behalf of the final members of the Kakuyid family, who held their fiefs in the region. Subsequently, as a testament to his involvement and perhaps as a result of negotiations, Arslan-Shah was granted ownership of Yazd by one of the Kakuyid claimants. He strategically maintained connections with the Great Seljuqs during his rule in Kerman. Despite his autonomous position, Arslan-Shah was meticulous in respecting the authority of Ahmad Sanjar in Khurasan, refraining from encroaching on his rights.
Notably, when Bahram-Shah sought military assistance, Arslan-Shah, acknowledging Sanjar as the senior representative of the Seljuqs in eastern Iran, declined direct involvement. Instead, he directed Bahram-Shah to seek support from Sanjar. Ultimately, it was through Sanjar's assistance that Bahram-Shah ascended to the throne at Ghazna in 1117, illustrating the complex dynamics and diplomatic intricacies of the time.

## Death

Marking the longest rule among the Seljuks of Kerman, the extended and tranquil rule of Arslan-Shah came to a sudden and violent conclusion in 1142. A dispute over the future succession escalated, leading to a burst of aggression from Arslan-Shah's assertive and capable son, Muhammad. In a shocking turn of events, Muhammad seized his own father, causing his demise. Subsequently, he took drastic measures by imprisoning and blinding approximately twenty of his own brothers and nephews.

## Family

One of his wives was Zaitun Khatun. She was the daughter of an amir from Harat and had been sold into slavery. Later, she came into the hands of Arslan-Shah, who, when she revealed her origins to him, married her. She was the mother of Kirman-Shah, Arslan-Shah's heir apparent, and was an intelligent woman. She built many madrasas and ribats in Kirman and constituted awqaf for them. She was given the laqab Ismat al-Din and her awqaf were known as the awqaf-i ismatiyya. Another of his wives was the daughter of Muhammad I Tapar. He had four sons, Muammad, who succeeded him in 1142, Toghril, Kirman-Shah and Saljuk-Shah. Kirman-Shah's daughter was married to Seljuk Sultan Muhammad II and after his death to his cousin Sultan Arslan-Shah.
# Farmers State Bank (Conway, Arkansas)

The Farmers State Bank is a historic commercial building at 1001 Front Street in Conway, Arkansas. It is a two-story masonry structure in the Classical Revival style. Its side walls are finished in brick, and most of its facade is in stone. The dominant feature of the facade are four massive engaged Tuscan columns, which support an entablature, cornice, and parapet. The main entrance is set in the central bay, with a bracketed hood above. It was designed by Thompson & Harding and built about 1918.
The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
# FIBA Africa Under-20 Championship for Women

The FIBA Africa Under-20 Championship for Women was a basketball competition in the International Basketball Federation's FIBA Africa zone. The event was held only twice, in 2002 and 2006, before being cancelled. The winners competed in the FIBA Under-21 World Championship for Women.

## Summary

| Year | Host | Final | Final | Final | Third-place game | Third-place game | Third-place game |
| Year | Host | Champion | Score | Second Place | Third Place | Score | Fourth Place |
| 2002 Details | Tunis | Tunisia | – | Senegal | | – | Angola |
| 2006 Details | Maputo | Mali | 49 – 47 | Mozambique | Senegal | 80 – 37 | South Africa |

## Participating nations

| Nation | | | |
| Nation | 2002 | 2006 | |
| Nation | x | 5 | |
| Angola | 4 | 5 | 2 |
| Mali | | | 1 |
| Mozambique | | | 1 |
| Senegal | | | 2 |
| South Africa | | 4 | 1 |
| Tunisia | | | 1 |
| # Teams | | 5 | |

## World U-21 Championship for Women record

| Team | 2003 | 2007 | Total |
| Mali | | 12 | 1 |
| Tunisia | 12 | | 1 |
| Total | 1 | 1 | 2 |
# Karl Johannes Neumann

Karl Johannes Neumann (9 September 1857 in Glogau near Krotoschin – 12 October 1917 in Munich) was a German classical historian.
He studied classical philology, ancient history and church history at the University of Leipzig, later continuing his education at the University of Tübingen. In 1880 he received his doctorate at Leipzig with a dissertation on the anti-Christianity writings of Emperor Julian ("Prolegomena in Juliani imperatoris libros quibus impugnavit Christianos"). Following graduation, he worked as an assistant in the university library at Halle. In 1880 he became an associate professor at the University of Strasbourg, where he gained a full professorship in 1890. In 1909/10 he served as university rector.

## Published works

* "Prolegomena in Juliani Imperatoris libros quibus impugnavit Christianos", (dissertation) 1880.
* Strabons Quellen im elften Buche, 1881 – Strabo's sources in the eleventh book.
* Strabons Landeskunde von Kaukasien: Eine Quellenuntersuchung, 1883 – Strabo's "Geographica" of Caucasia: A source investigation.
* Der römische Staat und die allgemeine Kirche bis auf Diocletian (volume 1), 1890 – The Roman state and the general church up until Diocletian.
* Hippolytus von Rom in seiner Stellung zu Staat und Welt. Neue Funde und Forschungen zur Geschichte von Staat und Kirche in der römischen Kaiserzeit, 1902 – Hippolytus of Rome and his position to the state and world.
* Römische Staatsaltertümer. In: Alfred Gercke, Eduard Norden: Einleitung in die Altertumswissenschaft, Volume 3, Issue 4, Third Edition, Leipzig (1923).
He also made contributions to the Ullstein Weltgeschichte (section on the Hellenistic states and the Roman Republic) and to August Pauly's Realencyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft.
# List of governors of Kebbi State

Warning: The text in this article is "transcluded" into a template used at the foot of several pages. It therefore cannot contain references like.<ref&#x3E;...</ref&#x3E; But you can and should list sources in the ==References== section at the foot. This is a list of Kebbi State administrators and Governors of Kebbi State. Kebbi State was formed on 27 August 1991, when it was split off from Sokoto State.
| Name | Title | Took office | Left office | Party |
| Patrick Aziza | Administrator | 28 August 1991 | January 1992 | Military |
| Abubakar Musa | Governor | January 1992 | November 1993 | NRC |
| Salihu Tunde Bello | Administrator | 9 December 1993 | 22 August 1996 | Military |
| John Ubah | Administrator | 22 August 1996 | August 1998 | Military |
| Samaila Bature Chamah | Administrator | August 1998 | May 1999 | Military |
| Adamu Aliero | Governor | 29 May 1999 | 29 May 2007 | APP; ANPP |
| Usman Saidu Nasamu Dakingari | Governor | 29 May 2007 | 29 May 2015 | PDP |
| Aminu Musa Habib Jega | Acting Governor | 24 February 2012 | 25 May 2012 | |
| Abubakar Atiku Bagudu | Governor | 29 May 2015 | 29 May 2023 | APC |
| Nasir Idris | Governor | 29 May 2023 | Incumbent | APC |
# Iris zaprjagajevii

Iris zaprjagajevii (sometimes misspelled zaprjagajewii,) is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia. It has greyish-green leaves, short stem and white flowers with a yellow crest.

## Description

Iris zaprjagajevii has brownish-grey papery coated bulbs and swollen storage roots.
The leaves are greyish-green with a distinct white margin/edge, and are not fully developed at flowering time. They are clustered around the stem of the plant, partially obscuring the stem. They are falcate shaped and around 4 cm wide.
It grows to a maximum height of 10–15 cm (4–6 in).
It has a short stem that has about 1-3 flowers,
In the UK, it flowers between March and April, depending on the situation. The flowers produce a scent that is similar to primroses.
It has white flowers with a yellow crest. The flowers can have a slight bluish, lilac or pink staining. The flower tube is generally 6–9 cm long. It has falls which are 4 cm long. The claws have down-turned margins and are 2 cm wide.
The seed has an aril (a creamy white collar).

## Taxonomy

It was originally published by Ivan Ivanovich Abramov, as Juno zaprjagajevii in 'Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.' 8: 115 in 1971.
It was then published as Iris zaprjagajevii by Tony Hall and Arnis Seisums in the 'Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society' 167: 300 in 2011.
This species was named 'zaprjagajevii' in honour of Mikhail Leonidovich Zapryagaev, at that time acting Director of the Pamir Botanical Garden in Khorog, Tajikistan, who was the first to notice the distinction of this plant.
Iris zaprjagajevii is now an accepted name by the RHS, and it was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 3 October 2014.

## Native

Iris zaprjagajevii can be found in the Pamir Mountain range in Central Asia. It was found near Nishup (in the South Western section of the Pamir Mountains) in the former Russian state of Tajikistan

## Cultivation

It can be cultivated in an alpine house or outside in well-drained soils similar to other Juno irises.