OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of deputy chairmen of the Polish Council of State

List of deputy chairmen of the Polish Council of State.
The deputy chairmen of the Polish Council of State were deputy heads of state of the People's Republic of Poland 1952–1989.
This is a list of office-holders:

## Term 1952–1957

| Name | Entered office | Left office |
| Jan Bohdan Dembowski | 1952 | 1957 |
| Franciszek Mazur | 1952 | 1957 |
| Stanislaw Kulczynski | 1956 | 1957 |
| Czeslaw Wycech | 1956 | 1957 |
| Waclaw Barcikowski | 1952 | 1956 |
| Stefan Ignar | 1952 | 1956 |

## Term 1957–1961

| Name | Entered office | Left office |
| Oskar Lange | 1957 | 1961 |
| Boleslaw Podedworny | 1957 | 1961 |
| Stanislaw Kulczynski | 1957 | 1961 |
| Jerzy Albrecht | 1957 | 1960 |

## Term 1961–1965

| Name | Entered office | Left office |
| Oskar Lange | 1961 | 1965 |
| Boleslaw Podedworny | 1961 | 1965 |
| Stanislaw Kulczynski | 1961 | 1965 |
| Edward Ochab | 1961 | 1964 |

## Term 1965–1969

| Name | Entered office | Left office |
| Oskar Lange | 1965 | 1965 |
| Boleslaw Podedworny | 1965 | 1969 |
| Stanislaw Kulczynski | 1965 | 1969 |
| Ignacy Loga-Sowinski | 1965 | 1969 |
| Mieczyslaw Klimaszewski | 1965 | 1969 |

## Term 1969–1972

| Name | Entered office | Left office |
| Boleslaw Ruminski | 1969 | 1971 |
| Boleslaw Podedworny | 1969 | 1971 |
| Zygmunt Moskwa | 1969 | 1972 |
| Ignacy Loga-Sowinski | 1969 | 1971 |
| Stanislaw Gucwa | 1971 | 1972 |
| Mieczyslaw Klimaszewski | 1969 | 1972 |

## Term 1972–1976

| Name | Entered office | Left office |
| Zygmunt Moskwa | 1972 | 1976 |
| Janusz Groszkowski | 1972 | 1976 |
| Jozef Ozga-Michalski | 1972 | 1976 |
| Wladyslaw Kruczek | 1972 | 1976 |

## Term 1976–1980

| Name | Entered office | Left office |
| Edward Babiuch | 1976 | 1980 |
| Tadeusz Witold Mlynczak | 1976 | 1980 |
| Zdzislaw Tomal | 1976 | 1980 |
| Wladyslaw Kruczek | 1976 | 1980 |

## Term 1980–1985

| Name | Entered office | Left office |
| Tadeusz Witold Mlynczak | 1980 | 1985 |
| Zdzislaw Tomal | 1980 | 1984 |
| Jerzy Zietek | 1980 | 1985 |
| Kazimierz Secomski | 1980 | 1985 |
| Boleslaw Struzek | 1984 | 1985 |

## Term 1985–1989

| Name | Entered office | Left office |
| Tadeusz Witold Mlynczak | 1985 | 1989 |
| Tadeusz Szelachowski | 1985 | 1989 |
| Zenon Komender | 1985 | 1989 |
| Kazimierz Barcikowski | 1985 | 1989 |
# Lipps–Meyer law

The Lipps–Meyer law, named for Theodor Lipps (1851–1914) and Max Friedrich Meyer (1873–1967), hypothesizes that the closure of melodic intervals is determined by "whether or not the end tone of the interval can be represented by the number two or a power of two", in the frequency ratio between notes (see octave).
"The 'Lipps–Meyer' Law predicts an 'effect of finality' for a melodic interval that ends on a tone which, in terms of an idealized frequency ratio, can be represented as a power of two."
Thus the interval order matters — a perfect fifth, for instance (C,G), ordered ⟨C,G⟩, 2:3, gives an "effect of indicated continuation", while ⟨G,C⟩, 3:2, gives an "effect of finality".
This is a measure of interval strength or stability and finality. Notice that it is similar to the more common measure of interval strength, which is determined by its approximation to a lower, stronger, or higher, weaker, position in the harmonic series.
The reason for the effect of finality of such interval ratios may be seen as follows. If $F=h_{2}/2^{n}$ is the interval ratio in consideration, where $n$ is a positive integer and $h_{2}$ is the higher harmonic number of the ratio, then its interval can be determined by taking the base-2 logarithm $I=12log_{2}(h_{2}/2^{n})=12log_{2}(h_{2})-12n$ (3/2=7.02 and 4/3=4.98). The difference of these terms is the harmonic series representation of the interval in question (using harmonic numbers), whose bottom note $12n$ is a transposition of the tonic by n octaves. This suggests why descending interval ratios with denominator a power of two are final. A similar situation is seen if the term in the numerator is a power of two.

## Sources

* ↑ Meyer, M.F. (1929). "The Musician's Arithmetic", The University of Missouri Studies, January.
* ↑ Robert Gjerdingen, "The Psychology of Music", (2002). The Cambridge History of Western Music Theory, Th. Christensen ed., p.963. ISBN 978-0-521-62371-1.
* ↑ Krumhansl, Carol L. Cognitive Foundations of Musical Pitch. New York: Oxford UP, 2001. 122. Print
* ↑ Wright, David. Mathematics and Music. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society, 2009. 53. Print.
# Curioseboda

Curioseboda is a genus of moths belonging to the family Tortricidae. It contains only one species, Curioseboda probola, which is found in Thailand.
The wingspan is 12.5 mm.

## Etymology

The genus name is derived from Latin curiosus (meaning interesting or curious) and the name of the similar genus Eboda. The species name refers to the costal scales of the forewings and is derived from Greek probolos (meaning extending forwards).
# Evci, Alaca

Evci is a village in the Alaca District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 264 (2022).
# Maracó Department

Maracó Department is a department of Argentina in La Pampa Province. The capital city of the department is General Pico.

## Population

In the 2010 Census, the Department of Maracó had a population of 59,024 inhabitants, of which 28,879 were male and 30,145 were female. The male-to-female ratio of the Maracó Department was 95.8 males per 100 females, the second lowest in the Province of La Pampa after the Capital Department.
According to the 2022 Census it has 70 156 inhabitants (Indec, 2022).
# Mansons Landing Water Aerodrome

Mansons Landing Water Aerodrome (IATA: YMU, TC LID: CAV7) is located adjacent to Mansons Landing on Cortes Island, British Columbia, Canada.
# Marble, Pennsylvania

Marble is an unincorporated community in Clarion County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located along Pennsylvania Route 208, 6.2 miles (10.0 km) north of Shippenville. Marble has a post office with ZIP code 16334.
# Manuel Pessanha

Manuel Pessanha (Portuguese translation of Italian Emanuele Pessagno) was a 14th century Genoese merchant sailor who served as the first admiral of Portugal at the time of King Denis of Portugal. His brother was the Genoese merchant and administrator, Antonio Pessagno.
Manuel Pessanha was the son of Simone, lord of the Castle di Passagne. In 1316–17 Manuel Pessanha reached an agreement with king Denis of Portugal, who appointing him to reform the new Portuguese Navy. Pessanha then employed twenty men from Genoa to be captains of the vessels. In a royal charter of 1 February 1317, Pessanha was appointed with the title of Admiral of Portugal (which would become hereditary in his family), entitled to a pension of 3,000 pounds, divided into three equal payments due in the months of January, May and September, and from rural incomes from several land possessions in Portugal. This contract was subsequently renewed later in 1317 and on 14 April 1321 and 21 April 1327.
He participated in the naval battles between Castile and Portugal during the reign of king Afonso IV of Portugal. He was taken prisoner by the Castilians in 1337 after the Battle of Cape St. Vincent, but released in 1339. On 30 October 1340 he commanded the Portuguese fleet that helped Castile in the Battle of Río Salado, fought off Cádiz, while the Moors' ships blocked Tarifa. In 1341, he participated in an attack on Ceuta, considered a nest of Moroccan pirates who regularly attacked the coasts of Algarve. His performance in this confrontation led to the Pope Benedict XII praising him in a bull which was sent to the Portuguese king.
He had two sons from his first marriage to Genebra Pereira, Carlos Pessanha and Bartolomeu Pessanha, both of whom would succeed him in turn as Admiral of Portugal, and a son from his second marriage to Leonor Afonso, Lançarote Pessanha, who also would be an admiral of Portugal, who was murdered at the Castle of Beja during the 1383–85 Portuguese interregnum.
Carlos and Bartolomeu, had no heirs, so the admiralty title passed through both of Lançarote's sons, Manuel II and Carlos II, until the 1430s, when lacking male heirs, the Admiral title would pass through the family's female lines through several Portuguese noble houses, ending up with the house of Azevedo in 1485 and the house of Castro (Counts of Resende) after 1660.
# Marattia

Marattia is a small genus of primitive, large, fleshy eusporangiate ferns. It is the type genus of the family Marattiaceae, order Marattiales and class Marattiopsida. Formerly considered to be a much larger genus, genetic analysis has shown that Marattia in the broad sense was paraphyletic, and subsequently the genera Ptisana and Eupodium were split off. Except for one species in Hawaii, the genus is neotropical.
The plants are large and terrestrial, with more or less erect rhizomes and fronds being 2-5 times pinnate. Sporangia are fused into synangia, and spores are monolete.
Basal chromosome count is 2n=80. The type species is M. alata.

## Species list

* Marattia alata Sw. – Jamaica and Cuba
* Marattia douglasii (C. Presl) Baker – pala, kapua ilio, or Hawaii potato fern; Hawaii
* Marattia excavata Underw. – Mexico to Panama
* Marattia interposita Christ – Guatemala to Panama
* Marattia laxa Kunze – Mexico to Panama
* Marattia weinmanniifolia Liebm. – southern Mexico to El Salvador
Phylogeny of Marattia
# European Ophthalmic Pathology Society

The European Ophthalmic Pathology Society is a learned society for advancing ophthalmic pathology, the study of the pathological basis of the diseases of the eye and its adnexa: the orbit, eyelids, conjunctiva and the lacrimal apparatus.

## History

Founded in April 1962 at the premises of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in London, it was inspired by a similar learned society in the United States, the Verhoeff-Zimmerman Society, founded in 1945 and at that time called "The American Ophthalmic Pathology Club". In the early 1960s, ophthalmic pathology in Europe was not yet recognized as a distinct discipline and its practitioners had rarely had a formal training in the subject. Invitations to an inaugural meeting to be held in London were sent by Norman Ashton of London, S. Ry Andersen of Copenhagen, and Willem Manschot of Rotterdam to about 30 prospective members in May, 1961, together with details of what would be expected of them:
* The members should have a special knowledge of ocular pathology.
* They should be actively engaged in this work.
* They should have adequate laboratory facilities.
* They should have sufficient pathological material to provide interesting cases for the meetings.
The society is governed by its council, which is chaired by the society's president, according to a constitution and bye-laws. The members of the council and the president are elected from and by the Ordinary Members, the basic members of the society, who are themselves elected by existing Ordinary Members and are limited to 35 in number. The council is elected for three years and consists of the president, the corresponding secretary and the organizing secretary, the latter being responsible for organizing the next scientific meeting.
The current officers, elected in June 2017 and June 2019 (Organizing Secretary), are:
* President: Tero Kivelä, MD (Finland)
* Corresponding Secretary: Elisabeth Messmer, MD (Germany)
* Organizing Secretary: Luis Alfaro, MD (Spain)

## Functions and activities

According to its constitution, the aim of the society is to promote the advancement of ophthalmic pathology by co-ordination with general ophthalmology, general pathology and allied sciences. In addition, it encourages research, teaching and improvement of technical methods in ophthalmic pathology through scientific meetings. The society organizes an annual meeting typically held in a city where one of its Ordinary Members is located, and branded symposia on ophthalmic pathology in collaboration with general ophthalmological congresses held in Europe and elsewhere.
# Eutetrapha terenia

Eutetrapha terenia is an extinct species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, that existed during the Middle Miocene in what is now China. It was described by Zhang J. F., Sun B. and Zhang X. in 1994.
# Marc Douez

Marc Douez (born 20 September 1981 in Victoria ) is an Australian former national champion and world champion rowing coxswain.

## Club and state rowing

Douez' senior coxing was done from the Melbourne University Boat Club.
He was first selected to represent Victoria in the men's youth eight who contested the Noel F Wilkinson Trophy in the Interstate Regatta within the 2001 Australian Rowing Championships. On seven occasions between 2003 and 2010 he coxed the Victorian senior men's eight contesting the King's Cup at the Australian Interstate Regatta. He steered those eights to victory in 2003, 2006 and 2007.
In Melbourne University colours Douex contested national titles at the Australian Rowing Championships. In 2005 and 2007 he coxed MUBC crews racing for the Australian men's coxed four national championships.

## International representative rowing

Douez was first selected to represent Australia in the men's eight which contested the 2002 World Rowing U23 Championships in Genoa and achieved a fourth placing.
Douez made his first appearance in senior Australian representative crews in 2003. He steered the men's eight to a silver medal at the World Rowing Cup III in Lucerne and then at the 2003 World Rowing Championships in Milan to the final and a fifth placing. At those 2003 championships he was also up front in the Australian men's coxed pair of Luke Pougnault and Jonathan Fievez both from Western Australia when they rowed to a silver medal. 2004 saw Douez selected to cox the Australian senior lightweight eight and he called their racing campaign to a bronze medal at the 2004 World Rowing Championships in Banyoles.
In 2005 Douez was selected to steer the Australian coxed pair at the 2005 World Rowing Championships in Gifu, Japan with Hardy Cubasch at bow and Sam Conrad stroking. The pair led the race from start to finish and claimed Australia's second ever World Championship title in that boat class.
Coming into the 2008 Olympic campaign, Douez was vying for the coxswain's seat in the Australian men's senior eight. In selection trials he was beaten out by his New South Wales opponent Marty Rabjohns.
# Armenian Encyclopedia

Armenian Encyclopedia may refer to:
* Armenian Encyclopedia Publishing House
* Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia (1974-1987)
* Armenian Concise Encyclopedia [hy] (1990-2003)
# Jerat Percintaan

"Jerat Percintaan" (in English: "Love Snare" or "Love Trap") is the first single and award-winning song performed by Malaysian pop singer Siti Nurhaliza. It earned the Best Song award at the Anugerah Industri Muzik in 1997.
The song previously won Best Performance, Ballad Song Champion as well as Song Champion awards at the Anugerah Juara Lagu in 1996. During this competition, Siti faced strong competitors such as Ziana Zain and Fauziah Latiff. Anugerah Juara Lagu is a competition held by TV3.

## Song

The melody to "Jerat Percintaan" was composed by Adnan Abu Hassan and lyrics written by Othman Zainuddin and Hani M.J.

## Release and reception

"Jerat Percintaan" was released as the main track of Siti Nurhaliza I in 1996. It was well-received and became one of her signature songs.

## Awards
### Anugerah Juara Lagu

| Year | Recipient/Nominated works | Category | Result |
| 1996 | "Jerat Percintaan" | Best Ballad | Won |
| 1996 | "Jerat Percintaan" | Best Performance | Won |
| 1996 | "Jerat Percintaan" | Song Champion | Won |

### Anugerah Industri Muzik

| Year | Recipient/Nominated works | Category | Result |
| 1997 | "Jerat Percintaan" | Best Song | Won |
# Fagitana littera

Fagitana littera, the marsh fern moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is listed as a species of special concern in the US state of Connecticut. It was described by Achille Guenée in 1852.

## Larval foods

Thelypteris palustris is reported as the only known host plant for the species.
# Internal representation

Internal representation may refer to:
* Mental representation, in man
* Knowledge representation, in artificial intelligence
* Intermediate representation, the data structure or code used internally by a compiler or virtual machine to represent source code
# Culverden Stadium

Culverden Stadium is an association football stadium in Royal Tunbridge Wells, Kent, England. It is the home ground of Tunbridge Wells F.C. It has a capacity of 3,750, with 250 seats. It is located in Culverden Park Road, Tunbridge Wells.

## History

The Culverden Stadium was opened in 1962 as a permanent home for Tunbridge Wells. The occasion was commemorated with a charity football match between Tunbridge Wells and a TV All Stars team which included Jess Conrad and Bernard Bresslaw. On 31 August 2005, during an FA Cup Preliminary Round Replay, the Culverden Stadium was the location of a record set for the most penalty kicks taken in a penalty shoot-out. The match was won by Tunbridge Wells against Littlehampton Town 16-15 after 40 penalty kicks. This was recognised as an FA and European record. In September 2006, the Culverden Stadium was subject to a series of vandalism attacks. The clubhouse was broken into and equipment was stolen. A later attempt was thwarted after Tunbridge Wells officials boarded the windows of the clubhouse. The record crowd at the Culverden Stadium was 1,810 set in March 2013 for an FA Vase quarter final between Tunbridge Wells and Hadleigh United.
In January 2023, the clubhouse was damaged by a fire.

### Pitch

The Culverden Stadium was recognised in non-league football for having a poor surface. It also has a sloped pitch. To address this in 2012, Tunbridge Wells set up a pitch fund to gain funds to improve it.

## Usage

The Culverden Stadium hosts the annual Courier Cup in August. The Culverden is also used for non-football purposes with it being used as a location for bingo.
# ANP32E

Acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member E is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ANP32E gene. The ANP32E gene is located on chromosome 1q22. In mammalian cells, ANP32E has been shown to be an H2A.Z chaperone capable of promoting the removal of H2A.Z from chromatin. In brain tissue, ANP32E together with Cpd1 regulate protein phosphatase 2A activity at synapses during synaptogenesis and has been observed to form a complex with ANP32A and SET that stabilizes short-lived mRNAs containing AU-rich elements, as well as having acetyltransferase inhibitory activity (in a complex with SET) and having a role in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation.
# List of deputy chairmen of the Federation Council of Russia

The following is a list of deputy chairmen of the Federation Council of Russia.

## First deputy chairmen

| # | Name | Period | Federal subject |
| 1 | Valery Goreglyad | 30 January 2002–28 January 2004 | Sakhalin Oblast |
| — | Abolished | 29 January 2004–18 September 2009 | — |
| 2 | Alexander Torshin | 19 September 2009–3 March 2010 3 March 2010–20 January 2015 | Mari-El |
| 3 | Nikolay Fyodorov | 30 September 2015–22 September 2020 | Chuvash Republic |
| 4 | Andrey Yatskin | 23 September 2020–Incumbent | Rostov Oblast |
| 5 | Andrey Turchak | 23 September 2020–4 June 2024 | Pskov Oblast |
| 6 | Vladimir Yakushev | 25 September 2024–Incumbent | Tyumen Oblast |

## Deputy chairmen

| # | Name | Period | Federal subject |
| 1 | Ramazan Abdulatipov | 14 January 1994–15 January 1996 | Dagestan |
| 2 | Valeryan Viktorov | 14 January 1994–23 January 1996 | Chuvashia |
| 3 | Anatoly Dolgolaptev | 25 October 1994–23 January 1996 | Moscow Oblast |
| 4 | Vasily Likhachev | 24 January 1996–10 June 1998 | Tatarstan |
| 5 | Oleg Korolyov | 24 January 1996–1 January 2002 | Lipetsk Oblast |
| 6 | Valery Zubov | 24 January 1996–10 June 1998 | Krasnoyarsk Krai |
| 7 | Valery Kokov | 24 January 1996–24 December 2001 | Kabardino-Balkaria |
| 8 | Vladimir Platonov | 10 June 1998–10 October 2001 | Moscow Oblast |
| 9 | Vladimir Varnavsky | 10 June 1998–26 December 2002 | Omsk Oblast |
| 10 | Valery Goreglyad | 26 December 2001–30 January 2002 | Sakhalin Oblast |
| 11 | Andrey Vikharev | 30 January 2002–28 May 2003 | Kurgan Oblast |
| 12 | Mikhail Nikolayev | 30 January 2002–23 June 2010 | Sakha |
| 13 | Alexander Torshin | 30 January 2002–19 September 2008 | Mari-El |
| 14 | Dmitry Mezentsev | 28 January 2004–7 July 2009 | Irkutsk Oblast |
| 15 | Svetlana Orlova | 28 January 2004–12 November 2008 | Kemerovo Oblast |
| 16 | Yury Vorobyov | 19 September 2008–Incumbent | Vologda Oblast |
| 17 | Vyacheslav Shtyrov | 24 November 2010–27 September 2014 | Sakha |
| 18 | Ilyas Umakhanov | 25 December 2010–17 March 2021 | Dagestan |
| 19 | Yevgeny Bushmin | 27 April 2013–6 October 2019 | Rostov Oblast |
| 20 | Galina Karelova | 1 October 2014–Incumbent | Voronezh Oblast |
| 21 | Andrey Turchak | 8 November 2017–23 September 2020 | Pskov Oblast |
| 22 | Nikolai Zhuravlyov | 6 November 2019–Incumbent | Kostroma Oblast |
| 23 | Konstantin Kosachev | 17 March 2021–Incumbent | Mari El |
# De Luxe Florida

De Luxe Florida Manufacturing Plant (Spanish: Fábrica de Fomento De Luxe Florida), also known as the De Luxe Caribe Inc. Building (Edificio De Luxe Caribe Inc.), is a historic factory building located in Florida, Puerto Rico. The building was added to the United States National Register of Historic Places in 2012 as it is a prime example of the early prototypes for manufacturing plants in Puerto Rico.
The factory consists of plant number T-0472-0-58 and its addition labeled T-0472-0-66, which integrate the best-known and most successful manufacturing plant of the municipality of Florida. This is one of three prototypical buildings at a small-sized industrial park located northeast of town, alongside Road PR-642, Kilometer 11.1. The L-shaped plant was designed by architect René O. Ramírez, one of Puerto Rico's earliest and most decisively Modern architects. Built in steel and concrete, with an A-frame supported above concrete beams and columns, the property embodies key stylistic considerations pertaining to the Modern Movement in architecture. The De Luxe Florida/Caribe still incorporates all key components identifiable with the manufacturing building as originally designed and built.
# Euxoa lineifrons

Euxoa lineifrons is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Euxoa lineifrons is 10784.
# Ái Nghĩa

Ái Nghĩa is a township (thị trấn) in, and capital of, Đại Lộc District, Quảng Nam Province, Vietnam.
# Cyril Davies (rugby union)

Cyril Allun Havard Davies (21 November 1936 — 21 July 2017) was a Welsh international rugby union player.
Born in Ammanford, Davies attended Amman Valley Grammar School and was a Wales Schools under-15s captain.
Davies, a centre, played his first-class rugby for Cardiff, Swansea and Llanelli. He won seven Wales caps in irregular appearances between 1957 and 1961, including a win against the visiting 1957/58 Wallabies side in Cardiff. Knee injuries plagued him during his career and a broken nose brought about his eventual retirement in 1964/65 season, having returned to his hometown club Ammanford, which he then served as coach.