# Derby (horse race)

A derby (UK: /ˈdɑːrbi/ DAR-bee, US: /ˈdɜːrbi/ DUR-bee) is a type of horse race named after the Derby Stakes run at Epsom Downs Racecourse in England. That was in turn named after Edward Smith-Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby, who inaugurated the race in 1780. Perhaps the best-known example after the original is the Kentucky Derby in the United States.
Traditionally, the term "derby" is used strictly to refer to races restricted to three-year-olds, as the English and U.S. Triple Crown races all are. The most notable exceptions to this rule are the Hong Kong Derby and Singapore Derby, restricted to four-year-old Thoroughbreds, and the Canadian Pacing Derby, an annual harness race for "aged pacers" (Standardbreds) four years old and up.
In Scandinavian harness racing Derby is restricted to four-year-olds. Exception is the Finnhorse Derby, which is restricted to five-year-olds.
| Name | Place | Distance | Restrictions | First race | Day | Notes |
| American Derby | Arlington Park, Arlington Heights, Illinois, USA | 1+3⁄16 miles (1900 m) | | 1884 | | |
| Australian Derby (also known as AJC Derby) | Randwick Racecourse, Sydney | 2400 metres (1.5 miles) | 3 yr olds | 1861 | Late March or early April | |
| Bangalore Derby | Bangalore Turf Club | 2,000 metres | 4 yr olds & up | | Mid July | |
| Danish Derby (Bet25 Derby, The Macallan Derby) | Klampenborg Galopbane | 2400 metres | 3 yr olds | 1910 | 1st Saturday in August | |
| Epsom Derby (also known as The Derby, Derby Stakes and the English Derby) | Epsom Downs Racecourse, England | 1 mile, 4 furlongs and 10 yards (2423 metres) | 3 yr olds colts and fillies | 1780 | 1st Saturday in June | |
| French Derby (more often known as Prix du Jockey Club) | Chantilly Racecourse | 2100 metres (1.30 miles; 10.44 furlongs) | 3 yr olds colts and fillies | 1836 | Early June | |
| German Derby (Deutsches Derby) | Horner Rennbahn, Hamburg | 2,400 metres (1.5 miles) | 3 yr olds colts and fillies | 1869 | Early July | |
| Hong Kong Derby | Sha Tin Racecourse | 2,000 metres | 4 yr olds | 1873 | mid March | |
| Hungarian Derby (Magyar Derby) | Kincsem Park, Budapest | 2,400 metres | 3 yr olds | 1921 | Early July | |
| Italian Derby (Derby Italiano) | Capannelle Racecourse | 2200 | | 1884 | | |
| Indian Derby | Mahalaxmi Racecourse, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India | 2,400 metres | 4 yr olds | 1943 | 1st Sunday in Feb. | |
| Irish Derby | The Curragh, County Kildare, Ireland | 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) | 3 yr olds | 1866 | Last Sunday in June | |
| Kentucky Derby | Churchill Downs, Louisville, Kentucky, USA | 1+1⁄4 miles (2 km) | 3 yr olds | 1875 | 1st Saturday in May | |
| New Zealand Derby | Ellerslie Racecourse, Auckland | 2400 metres (1.5 miles; 12 furlongs) | 3yr olds | 1860 | 1st Saturday in March | |
| Queensland Derby | Eagle Farm Racecourse, Brisbane | 2400 metres (1.5 miles; 12 furlongs) | 3yr olds | 1868 | June | |
| Singapore Derby | Kranji Racecourse | 1,800 metres | 4 yr olds | 1880 | Mid July | Final one to be run in 2024 |
| Swedish Trotting Derby (Svenskt Travderby) | Jägersro Racetrack, Malmö | 2640 metres (1.64 mi; 13.12 furlongs) | 4yr olds | 1928 | 1st Sunday in September | |
| Tokyo Yushun Japanese Derby | Tokyo Racecourse | 2,400 metres | 3 yr olds colts and fillies | 1932 | late May or Early June | Currently the richest Derby. |
| Victoria Derby | Flemington Racecourse | 2,500 metres | 3 yr olds | 1855 | | |
| WATC Derby | Ascot Racecourse, Perth | 2,400 metres | 3yr olds | 1888 | New Years Day or nearby Saturday | |
| Notes: ↑ Location has varied ↑ Distance has varied ↑ Before 1995, 1st Wednesday in June ↑ Current race date. Dates have varied over time, but have always been in late June or early July. |||||||

## Other

* American Classic Races
* British Classic Races
* French Classic Races
* Thoroughbred horse racing
* Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing