OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charterhouse Cave

Charterhouse Cave, on the Mendip Hills in Somerset, is the deepest cave in southern England.

## History

Charterhouse Cave was first excavated in 1972. By 1977 the Sidcot School Speleological Society had reached Bat Chamber, although the first main breakthrough into the system was made in 1982. Active exploration continues and breakthroughs were made in April 2008 when 300 metres (980 ft) of passage big enough to walk through was discovered, and again when the Portal Pool Sump was passed in May 2009 revealing another 500 m (1,600 ft) of passage. Continued exploration in 2010 and 2011 brought the cave to its current length and depth

## Access

The cave is situated on land owned by Somerset Wildlife Trust. Because of the various well-preserved formations in the cave, the entrance blockhouse is kept locked and access is restricted to those with permits issued by member clubs of the Charterhouse Caving Company. For the same reason, no novices or cavers aged under 16 are allowed to enter.

## Description

The cave has three large chambers, Midsummer Chamber, The Citadel, and Times Square; The Citadel is almost as large as the chambers in GB Cave and Lamb Leer. There are a number of long, fairly straight passages which are approximately 2 m (6.6 ft) across and the same high.
Various parts of the cave contain delicate formations, including Forbidden Passage, Midsummer Chamber, The Citadel, The Grotto of the Singing Stal, and the First and Second Inlets.
When Portal Pool Sump was passed in May 2009, about 500 m (1,600 ft) of new passage was discovered, as well as a number of side-passages. Surveys conducted after the breakthrough in May 2009 show approximately 1,000 m (3,300 ft) of passage, with an estimated 500 m unsurveyed plus a number of leads yet to be explored. The surveys have also confirmed the depth at over 200 m (660 ft).
The stream in nearby GB Cave flows into Charterhouse Cave and ultimately rises near Gough's Cave in Cheddar Gorge, approximately 2 km (1.2 mi) away.

## Fauna

There is a hole in the concrete blockhouse over the entrance to the cave to allow the entrance of bats.
The insect life found within the cave is fairly typical of caves on the Mendip Hills, including a number of troglophiles and troglobites such as the freshwater shrimp (niphargus fontanus) and the springtail (onychiurus schoetti).
# Karl Jeschke

Karl Hermann Jeschke (born August 17, 1890, date of death unknown) was an SS-Oberscharführer and member of staff at Auschwitz concentration camp. He was prosecuted at the Auschwitz Trial.
Jeschke was born in Hohenliebenthal. He joined the Nazi Party in 1933. He served in the Wehrmacht fighting on the front until 1944. In July 1944 he was drafted into the Waffen-SS and sent to Auschwitz, where he worked as a guard. In mid-September 1944 he was transferred to the Charlottengrube subcamp.
After World War II, Jeschke was tried by the Supreme National Tribunal in Kraków. He received a three-year prison sentence. His subsequent whereabouts are unknown.
# Karl Jensen (painter)

Karl Georg Jensen (22 November 1851 – 23 May 1933) was a Danish painter. He is remembered for his landscapes of northern Zealand and for his architectural interiors.

## Biography

Born in Holstebro, Jensen studied painting at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, graduating in 1879. He also received private tuition from Harald Foss and in the early 1880s assisted Lorenz Frølich with his decorations in Frederiksborg Palace.
In the 1880s, he became interested in architectural painting and created colourful interiors for churches and palaces such as Audenssalen på Rosenborg (Audience Hall at Rosenborg, 1889). Karl Madsen aroused his interest in world art, leading him to study Japanese art while in Paris in 1889. From 1892, he was a member of Den Frie Udstilling.
Jensen was not very productive but his work comprising some 200 paintings has placed him among Denmark's most significant colourists, on a par with Christen Købke. His Landskab fra Næstvedegnen (1884) is considered a masterpiece but he also painted several other noteworthy landscapes of northern and western Zealand. The picturesque detail of his architectural paintings of church and palace interiors is also worthy of note.

## Awards

In 1926, Jensen was awarded the Thorvaldsen Medal.
# Chelin, Switzerland

Chelin (pronounce /xәlíṅ/ in patois) is a village of the municipality of Lens in the district of Sierre in Switzerland.

## Geography

Chelin is located on the slope of the hill Châtelard, on the right side of the Rhone Valley, in the canton of Valais. The village is situated at around 8 km of Sion, at 8.5 km of Sierre and at 10.5 km of Crans-Montana.

## History

The first evidence of a permanent settlement date back to the Bronze Age, as attested by the discovery in 1894 of a Celtic cemetery which has unfortunately been destroyed since then. Archaeologists found varied objects of the daily life that haven't been sold, but offered to the Swiss National Museum, the Natural History Museum of Geneva and the Natural History Museum of Sion. They found for example, two torcs, a Gallic bracelet, a razor, three vases and some belt ornaments.
In 1223, a list of royalties mention a fertile field cultivated in kitchen garden or in orchard. Some years after, vineyards are mentioned for the first time. Thereafter, texts reveal fewer fields and meadows, probably because it yielded less money than the vines.
In June 1934, after an upsurge of tuberculosis cases in Valais, we built a preventorium to provide infected children air cures and allow them to rest.
Chelin has in all likelihood been inhabited continuously since the Bronze Age, so we do not find a lot of very old houses as modernized over time.
In the past, this village was visited by far for the practice of hunting grey partridge so abundant, but it left the Valais in the 1960s due to the urbanization of the canton.
# Chris Shelton

Chris Shelton may refer to:
* Chris Shelton (author)
* Chris Shelton (baseball)
* Chris Shelton (unionist), American labor union leader
# Chowringhee (disambiguation)

Chowringhee is a neighbourhood in central Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Chowringhee may also refer to:
# Edward Fomalont

Edward Fomalont (born May 14, 1940) is an American scientist working at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. He specializes in radio galaxies, X-ray binary systems, astrometry, and general relativity. He has published more than 330 papers in peer-reviewed journals and proceedings of scientific conferences.
In 1975, Fomalont and Richard Sramek made a first radio-interferometric occultation experiment to test the theory of general relativity by measuring the bending of microwave radiation in the gravitational field of the Sun. Fomalont and colleagues made the most precise VLBI test of general relativity in 2005 that had reached precision of few parts in 10,000.
In 2002, Fomalont and Sergei Kopeikin claimed to have measured the speed of gravity in the dedicated experiment by observing the tangential component in the gravitational bending of light of a quasar caused by the orbital motion of Jupiter with respect to the barycenter of the solar system. This claim was disputed but vigorously defended by Kopeikin and Fomalont in a number of subsequent publications.
Fomalont is an active participant in many international radio interferometric projects including the VLBI Space Observatory Programme and Square Kilometre Array.

## Bibliometric information

As of March 2024, the NASA ADS database yields a h index of 77, with more than 22737 non-self citations. The tori index and riq index are 99.8 and 163, respectively.
# Karl Gallwitz

Leutnant Karl Gallwitz (18 August 1895 – 17 May 1984) was a World War I flying ace credited with ten aerial victories.

## Early life

Karl Gallwitz was born in Sigmaringen, the German Empire, in 1895. He visited the Gymnasium-school in Nordhausen.

## Aerial service

Gallwitz originally flew a Roland D.III for artillery cooperation units on the Russian Front, shooting down two observation balloons with FA 37, before a brief assignment to Jasta 29. On 24 August 1917, he joined Jasta Boelcke in France. He scored three times in October; the last one, on the 27th, was over Arthur Rhys-Davids. He started over again in 1918, scoring five more times, including bringing down British aces Robert Kirby Kirkman and John Herbert Hedley. Gallwitz finished out his tally of ten on 21 April 1918, and crashed soon thereafter. Once he recuperated from his injuries, he was assigned to Inspekteur der Flieger.

## Postwar

From 1919 he studied Mechanical engineering in Braunschweig, Danzig and Stuttgart.
He later was a professor for agricultural machinery at the university of Göttingen, where he taught from 1936 to 1965.

## Sources of information

* 1 2 3 Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps 1914 - 1918. p. 113.
* ↑ The Aerodrome website http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/germany/gallwitz.php Retrieved on 20 April 2010
# Christian-Peter Friese

Christian-Peter Friese (August 5, 1948, Munich - December 25, 1970, East Berlin) was one of the victims at the Berlin Wall. Members of the Border Troops of the German Democratic Republic shot him while trying to escape from East Germany.

## Biography

He was his mother's only child, and grew up with her in Naumburg. His father is unknown. After school, he trained as a car mechanic. In Naumburg he took a job at the Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany).

## Death

On the evening of December 24, 1970, he left his home and his mother without saying goodbye or leaving a message. He went to East Berlin by train. Once there he went to the allotment Vogelsang II in Treptow which was right on the border. He watched the border and climbed around midnight on the interior fence. He triggered alarm by touching the subsequent signal fence. A total of five border guards opened fire on Christian-Peter Friese, who took cover in the vehicle barrier ditch. Shortly afterwards Friese began again to run in the direction of the last border fence. He was hit several times in the legs and upper body. He succumbed to his injuries in the death strip. In the crime scene sketch of the files of the Stasi were recorded a total of 98 shots on Christian-Peter Friese.

## Aftermath

A senate speaker and the American City Commandant expressed their protest over the incident. The West-Berlin police initiated an investigation.
The mother of the deceased was informed on January 7, 1971, by members of the Stasi about the death. The legend was that Christian-Peter Friese was traveling by car into a tree. The body had been cremated. The urn was transferred one month later to Naumburg and buried there in the municipal cemetery, under the supervision of the Stasi.
After the German reunification, the mother said to Naumburg police that her son revealed his intention of fleeing. In a Mauerschützenprozess (process against guards of the wall who had shot) the border guards involved were acquitted because intent to kill could not be established, and because the court could not determine which of the defendants was responsible for the actual killing.
# Ennemain

Ennemain (French pronunciation:; Picard: Ènmain ) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

Ennemain is situated on the D103 and D145 crossroads, 2 miles (3 km) from the banks of the river Somme, some 20 miles (32 km) west of Saint-Quentin.
# 266 Aline

266 Aline is a fairly large main belt asteroid that was discovered by Johann Palisa on 17 May 1887 in Vienna and is thought to have been named after the daughter of astronomer Edmund Weiss. It is a dark C-type asteroid and is probably composed of primitive carbonaceous material. 266 Aline is orbiting close to a 5:2 mean motion resonance with Jupiter, which is located at 2.824 AU.
Photometric observations made in 2012 at the Organ Mesa Observatory in Las Cruces, New Mexico, produced a light curve with a period of 13.018 ± 0.001 hours and a brightness variation of 0.10 ± 0.01 in magnitude.
In 2001, the asteroid was detected by radar from the Arecibo Observatory at a distance of 1.41 AU. The resulting data yielded an effective diameter of 109 ± 15 km.
# 1992 Uber Cup group stage

The 1992 Uber Cup group stage was held at Stadium Negara in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from 5 to 10 May 1992.
The group stage was first stage of the tournament where only the two highest-placing teams in each of the two groups advanced to the knockout stage.

## Draw

The original draw for the tournament was conducted on 13 March 1992. The 8 teams will be drawn into two groups each containing four teams.

### Group composition

Group :
| Group A | Group B |
| China  Indonesia  Malaysia (Host)  Netherlands | England  Japan  South Korea  Sweden |

## Group A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | GF | GA | GD | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | China | 3 | 3 | 0 | 28 | 4 | +24 | 395 | 176 | +219 | 3 | Advance to semi-finals |
| 2 | Indonesia | 3 | 2 | 1 | 24 | 8 | +16 | 371 | 197 | +174 | 2 | Advance to semi-finals |
| 3 | Malaysia (H) | 3 | 1 | 2 | 8 | 23 | −15 | 174 | 323 | −149 | 1 | |
| 4 | Netherlands | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 28 | −25 | 127 | 371 | −244 | 0 | |

### China vs Indonesia
## Group B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | GF | GA | GD | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | South Korea | 3 | 3 | 0 | 29 | 8 | +21 | 412 | 229 | +183 | 3 | Advance to semi-finals |
| 2 | Sweden | 3 | 2 | 1 | 19 | 19 | 0 | 361 | 359 | +2 | 2 | Advance to semi-finals |
| 3 | Japan | 3 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 23 | −14 | 241 | 352 | −111 | 1 | |
| 4 | England | 3 | 0 | 3 | 14 | 22 | −8 | 322 | 395 | −73 | 0 | |
# Apomorphomyia

Apomorphomyia is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Apomorphomyia lygaeidophaga Crosskey, 1984

## Distribution

South Africa.
# Australian Industry and Defence Network

The Australian Industry & Defence Network Inc. (AIDN) is the industry association for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) doing business in the defence and security sectors in Australia and abroad.
# Alberta Bigagli

Alberta Bigagli was an Italian psychologist and poet, born in Sesto Fiorentino in 1928. She died in August 2017. Her published works include the poetry collections L'arca di Noè (1986), In mezzo al cerchio (1989), Diamanti (1994), Olindo del fuoco (2001), and the prose collection L’amore è altro (1975).
# Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Women's 200 metres T44

The T44 category is for athletes who have a single below knee amputation or who can walk with moderately reduced function in one or both legs.
The Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Women's 200 metres T44 event at the 2016 Paralympic Games took place on 15 September 2016, at the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange.

## Heats
### Heat 1

19:38 14 September 2016:
| Rank | Lane | Bib | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 5 | 359 | Irmgard Bensusan | Germany | 26.70 | Q |
| 2 | 8 | 308 | Marie-Amelie le Fur | France | 26.97 | Q |
| 3 | 1 | 345 | Laura Sugar | Great Britain | 28.04 | Q |
| 4 | 6 | 271 | Sara Andres Barrio | Spain | 28.80 | |
| 5 | 4 | 452 | Federica Maspero | Italy | 29.04 | |
| 6 | 2 | 612 | Fleur Jong | Netherlands | 29.15 | |
| | 3 | 900 | April Holmes | United States | | DSQ |
| | 7 | 818 | Nyoshia Cain | Trinidad and Tobago | | DSQ |

### Heat 2

19:45 14 September 2016:
| Rank | Lane | Bib | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 8 | 618 | Marlou van Rhijn | Netherlands | 26.69 | Q |
| 2 | 3 | 779 | Abassia Rahmani | Switzerland | 27.89 | Q |
| 3 | 5 | 453 | Giuseppina Versace | Italy | 28.13 | Q |
| 4 | 4 | 890 | Femita Ayanebeku | United States | 28.58 | q |
| 5 | 7 | 476 | Saki Takakuwa | Japan | 28.77 | q |
| 6 | 2 | 918 | Liz Willis | United States | 29.67 | |
| | 6 | 144 | Marissa Papaconstantinou | Canada | | DSQ |

## Final

17:45 15 September 2016:
| Rank | Lane | Bib | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | 5 | 618 | Marlou van Rhijn | Netherlands | 26.16 |
| | 6 | 359 | Irmgard Bensusan | Germany | 26.90 |
| | 4 | 308 | Marie-Amelie le Fur | France | 27.11 |
| 4 | 3 | 779 | Abassia Rahmani | Switzerland | 27.84 |
| 5 | 7 | 345 | Laura Sugar | Great Britain | 28.31 |
| 6 | 1 | 890 | Femita Ayanebeku | United States | 28.81 |
| 7 | 2 | 476 | Saki Takakuwa | Japan | 28.88 |
| 8 | 8 | 453 | Giuseppina Versace | Italy | 28.90 |
# Victory O Lord!

Victory O Lord! is an 1871 painting by John Everett Millais depicting Moses, Aaron and Hur during the Battle of Rephidim against the Amalekites. Along with his landscape Chill October it represented a major turning point in Millais's career.
The painting illustrates a passage in the Book of Exodus, chapter 17, which describes how Moses and his two companions watched the battle from the hill. Moses holds the Rod of God in his right hand.
   And Moses said unto Joshua, Choose us out men, and go out, fight with Amalek: tomorrow I will stand on the top of the hill with the rod of God in mine hand. So Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Amalek: and Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill. And it came to pass, when Moses held up his hand, that Israel prevailed: and when he let down his hand, Amalek prevailed. But Moses hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon; and Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side; and his hands were steady until the going down of the sun. And Joshua discomfited Amalek and his people with the edge of the sword.
Millais depicts the "going down of the sun", when the three patriarchs watch the final moments of the battle. Moses is in the middle while Aaron and Hur hold up his arms to ensure victory. Aaron, in red, is on the right. The battle below is indicated by the arrow at the bottom right.
Millais worked on the painting over many years, scraping and repainting the surface. F. G. Stephens commented that the painting depicted the conflict between the unyielding and steadfast willpower of Moses, and the physical and emotional exhaustion of his companions. He also praised the vivid painting of the aged flesh of the figures. The painting contrasts dramatically in style with the contemporary religious works of Millais's former companion, William Holman Hunt, such as The Shadow of Death, on which Hunt was working at the same time; however, it has been suggested that both pictures may refer to typological prefigurations of the crucifixion in scenes in which raised, outstretched arms signify both physical suffering and triumph.
# ASXL1

Putative Polycomb group protein ASXL1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ASXL1 gene.
In Drosophila, the Additional sex combs (Asx) gene encodes a chromatin-binding protein required for normal determination of segment identity in the developing embryo. The protein is a member of the Polycomb group of proteins, which are necessary for the maintenance of stable repression of homeotic and other loci. The protein is thought to disrupt chromatin in localized areas, enhancing transcription of certain genes while repressing the transcription of other genes. The protein encoded by this gene functions as a ligand-dependent co-activator for retinoic acid receptor in cooperation with nuclear receptor coactivator 1. Mutations in this gene are associated with myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
# A Decade

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Slant | |
A Decade is Canadian alternative rock band Our Lady Peace's first compilation album, released on November 21, 2006, in Canada, and November 28, 2006, in the United States. In addition to songs from the band's first six albums, the set included two unreleased songs, "Kiss on the Mouth" and "Better Than Here".
The Canadian release of the album includes a bonus DVD containing a feature-length concert/documentary directed by Rafael Ouellet and produced by Robi Levy. The film features interviews with the current band members, behind the scenes footage, and performances of the songs "Picture", "Thief", "Innocent", "Where Are You", "Wipe That Smile Off Your Face", and "Clumsy" shot on November 6, 2005, at Massey Hall in Toronto. It also includes a photo gallery, and discography with lyrics.
"4am" and "One Man Army" have been remixed from their original album versions.
"In Repair" and "Life" appear with narration from Ray Kurzweil's book The Age of Spiritual Machines, which inspired the album on which the two songs first appeared, Spiritual Machines. The narration on the version of "Life" issued here was not included on the original version from Spiritual Machines.
The first single from the album was "Kiss on the Mouth", released in Canada in September 2006.
# HMS Tenacious

Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Tenacious:
* HMS Tenacious (1917) was an R-class destroyer launched in 1917 and sold in 1928.
* HMS Tenacious (R45) was a T-class destroyer launched in 1943. She was converted into a Type 16 frigate between 1951 and 1952 and was scrapped in 1965.
# Veslemjøsa

Veslemjøsa is a lake at Barentsøya, Svalbard. It is named after Mjøsa, the largest lake of Norway. The lake is located within the plain of Heimarka.
# Half Brother (band)

Half Brother was an English pop rock band in the late 1970s, consisting of two half brothers, Howard Goodall and Jonathan Kermode.
Howard Goodall first conceived the band at the age of 15. He went on to be a composer of musicals, choral music, and music for television, as well as presenting music-based programmes for television and radio, for which he has won a number of awards.

## Members

The main members of the band were:
* Howard Goodall – keyboards & vocals
* Jonathan Kermode – keyboards & vocals
Additional notable musicians who played with the band included:
* Ray Cooper – percussion
* Frank Gibson – drums
* Laurence Juber – guitar
* John Mealing – keyboards
* Alan Parker – guitar
* Henry Spinetti – drums

## Discography
### Albums

* Half Brother (LP) – Ariola Hansa (AHAL 8002) – 1978

### Singles

* "Holding Hands With Love" (7") – Ariola Hansa (AHA 515) – 1978
* "Hideaway" (7", Single) – Ariola Hansa (AHA 534) & Hansa International (100 443-100) – 1979
# Half Drunk Under a Full Moon

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Classic Rock Germany | 7/10 |
| Gigwise | |
| NME | |
| Riff Magazine | 9/10 |
| The Upcoming | |
Half Drunk Under a Full Moon is the sixth studio album by Scottish rock band the Fratellis. The album was released on 2 April 2021, having been delayed by a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Background

In contrast to the more rock-oriented music of previous albums, Half Drunk Under a Full Moon features a baroque pop sound with considerable use of brass and strings. Guitarist and vocalist Jon Fratelli had previously sought this approach on their debut album's most successful single, "Chelsea Dagger": "I wasn't mad keen on going down the road of the chant vocals. I really wanted to have a New Orleans big band playing. But Tony Hoffer, our producer, had us doing multiple vocal takes from all around the studio."
In addition to the album's delay, the COVID-19 pandemic caused multiple cancellations of the supporting tour. This prompted the band to organise a series of small-scale shows at independent record stores, with all proceeds going to the stores themselves and to the band's crew. On 2 April 2021, the band released a non-album cover of Baccara's 1977 single "Yes Sir, I Can Boogie" and donated all proceeds to the Tartan Army Children's Charity, Soccer Aid and the Eilidh Brown Memorial Fund. This was one of two covers released in conjunction with the album, the other being a studio recording of Dion's 1961 single "Runaround Sue" with which the band had been closing concerts for several years.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Jon Fratelli, except where noted

## Charts

| Chart (2021) | Peak position |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 12 |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 3 |
# Vexillum baccheti

Vexillum baccheti is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 13.1 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Tahiti.