OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Al Gurdon

Al Gurdon is a British broadcast lighting designer and consultant. He specialises in large scale televised music shows and events including the MTV Awards, the Eurovision Song Contest and the Super Bowl half-time concerts. Gurdon was the Broadcast Lighting Designer for the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2012 London Olympics.
Gurdon has a BA Hons in Film and Photography from the Polytechnic of Central London, now known as the University of Westminster. He has had a long-standing working relationship with television director Hamish Hamilton.

## Awards and nominations

Al Gurdon was awarded an Emmy at the 66th Primetime Emmy Awards 2014. He won in the category of Outstanding Lighting Design/Lighting Direction for a Variety Special for the Sochi 2014 Olympic Winter Games Opening Ceremony. He was the Lighting Designer in a team with Peter Canning, Michael Owen and Ross Williams (Lighting Directors).
Along with three other key members of the lighting team, Gurdon was also nominated for an Emmy at the 65th Primetime Emmy Awards, scheduled for 22 September 2013 in Los Angeles, for Outstanding Lighting Design/Lighting Direction for a Variety Special, for their work on the 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony. Gurdon was nominated as Director of Photography, and the three other nominees for the ceremony are Patrick Woodroffe (Lighting Designer), Tim Routledge (Moving Light Programmer) and Adam Bassett (Lighting Director).
Gurdon was also nominated for an Emmy is the same category (Outstanding Lighting Design/Lighting Direction for a Variety Special) for the Super Bowl XLVI Halftime Show starring Madonna.
# Arouva albivitta

Arouva albivitta is a species of snout moth in the genus Arouva. It was described by Cajetan Felder, Rudolf Felder and Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer in 1875, and is known from Brazil.
# Senator Crane (disambiguation)

Winthrop M. Crane (1853–1920) was a U.S. Senator from Massachusetts from 1904 to 1913.
Senator Crane may also refer to:
* Jesse D. Crane (1841–1914), Michigan State Senate
* Mike Crane (born 1964), Georgia State Senate
* Robert C. Crane (1920–1962), New Jersey State Senate
* Winston Crane (1990–2002), Australian Senate
# Zzyzx (Zeromancer album)

Zzyzx is the third studio album of the Norwegian industrial rock band Zeromancer. The album takes its title from the name of a road leading to, and named for, Zzyzx, California.
This album saw Zeromancer approaching a lighter sound with a more mainstream direction, but also more meaningful lyrics. The album spawned two singles, "Erotic Saints" followed by "Famous Last Words".
This was also their only album released through the Warner Music Group.

## Track listing

* "Teenage Recoil"
* "Hollywood"
* "Famous Last Words"
* "Erotic Saints"
* "Idiot Music"
* "Stop the Noise!"
* "Feed You with a Kiss"
* "Lamp Halo"
* "Mosquito Coil"
* "Blood Music"
* "New Madonna" (bonus track)
* "Gone to Your Head" (bonus track)
* "Fractured" (bonus track)
There are several different versions of this album all with different songs at the end. This is track listing for 2004 Cleopatra Records version. All songs by Keller, Ljung, and Schröder. The last two songs are special tracks.

## Personnel

* Alex Møklebust – vocals
* Kim Ljung – bass, backing vocals
* Noralf Ronthi – drums
* Chris Schleyer – guitar
* Erik Ljunggren – keyboard, programming
# VinyLoop

VinyLoop is a proprietary physical plastic recycling process for polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It is based on dissolution in order to separate PVC from other materials or impurities.

## Background

A major factor of the recycling of polyvinyl chloride waste is the purity of the recycled material. In most composite materials, PVC is among several other materials, such as wood, metal, or textile. To make new products from the recycled PVC, it is necessary to separate it from other materials. Traditional recycling methods are not sufficient and expensive because this separation has to be done manually and product by product.
VinyLoop is a recycling process which separates PVC from other materials through a process of dissolution, filtration and separation of contamination. A solvent is used in a closed loop to elute PVC from the waste. This makes it possible to recycle composite structure PVC waste, which would normally be incinerated or put in a landfill site.

## Process

The process consists of the following steps:
* Pre-treatment: waste plastics are cleaned, ground and mixed
* Dissolution: a specific solvent is used to selectively dissolve the PVC compound in a closed loop
* Filtration: impurities which have not been dissolved are removed through filtration—they are separated by type of material by filtration, centrifugation and decantation. After separation, the secondary materials are washed with pure solvent to dissolve all remaining PVC compounds
* Precipitation of the regenerated PVC compound: the solution of PVC is recovered in a precipitation tank, where steam is injected to evaporate the solvent and precipitate the PVC. The PVC compound is separated in the form of aqueous effluent. and dried.
* Drying: after recovering the excess water from the slurry, the wet PVC goes to a dryer.
Possible products made from recycled PVC are coatings for waterproofing membranes, pond foils, shoe soles, hoses, diaphragms tunnel, coated fabrics, and PVC sheets. It is an attempt to solve the recycling waste problem of PVC products.

## Ecological importance

VinyLoop-based recycled PVC's primary energy demand is 46 percent lower than conventional produced PVC. The global warming potential is 39 percent lower.
The VinyLoop process has been selected to recycle membranes of different temporary venues of the London Olympics 2012. Roofing covers of the Olympic Stadium, the Water Polo Arena, the London Aquatics Centre and the Royal Artillery Barracks will be deconstructed and a part will be recycled in the VinyLoop process.

## Closure

Since the process could not remove low molecular weight phthalate plasticizers during recycling, tightening EU regulations meant the recycling plant based in Ferrara, Italy has closed as of 28 June 2018.
# Thomas Frost (disambiguation)

Thomas Frost is an American music producer.
Thomas Frost may also refer to:
* Thomas Frost (fl. 1870s), Australian architect, designer of additions to Brougham Place Uniting Church in Adelaide, South Australia
* Thomas Frost (writer) (1821–1908), English journalist
* Thomas N. Frost (died 1969), American politician from Virginia
* Tom Frost (1936–2018), rock climber
* Thomas Frost, character in the TV series Dominion
# Agabus falli

Agabus falli is a species of predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae. It is found in North America.
# Law of Argentina

The Legal system of Argentina is a civil law legal system. The pillar of the civil system is the Constitution of Argentina (1853).
The Argentine Constitution of 1853 was an attempt to unite the unstable and young country of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata under a single law, creating as well the different organisms needed to run a country. This constitution was finally approved after failed attempts in 1813 (see Assembly of 1813), 1819 and 1831 (Pacto Federal).

## Structure of the Law in Argentina
### Constitution of Argentina

   * Bill of Rights
   * Form of Government
   * Delegation of Powers to the National
   * Precedence of Laws - International Treaties
   * Provincial Constitutions

### Civil Code of Argentina

The first Civil Code was written by Argentine jurist Dalmacio Vélez Sársfield, and came into effect on January 1, 1871 and remained law until 1 August 2015, when it was replaced by a new Civil and Commercial Code - Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación.
The 1871 Argentine Civil Code was largely inspired by the Spanish legal tradition, and also by the Brazilian Civil Code, the Spanish Civil Code of 1851, the Napoleonic code and the Chilean Civil Code. The sources of this Civil Code also include various theoretical legal works, mainly of the great French jurists of the 19th century. It was the first Civil Law that consciously adopted as its cornerstone the distinction between rights and obligations and real property rights, thus distancing itself from the French model.
The new Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación brings many changes, in particular the modernization of family law.

### Argentine sources of law

   * Statutory Law
   * Case Law
   * Custom
   * General Principles of Law
   * Analogy
   * Equity

### Argentine interpretation of legislation

   * Methods of Interpretation
   * Sources of Interpretation
   * Special Rules of Interpretation

### Argentine law jurisdictions

   * Jurisdiction
   * Competence
   * Levels of Jurisdiction
   * Jurisdiction of the Argentine Courts in the International Sphere
# Acton Vale LTC Open

The Acton Vale LTC Open was a grass court tennis tournament held in Acton Vale LTC, East Acton, London, England from 1885 to 1891.

## History

The Acton Vale Open tennis tournament was established in June 1885. The tournament attracted many prominent players with singles draw averaging 32. The tournament was held annually until 1891 then was discontinued due to a compulsory purchase order being issued by the local authority to redevelop the land. The club moved to a new location but the event never recovered.

## Finals
### Men's singles

Incomplete roll:
| Year | Winner | Finalist | Score |
| 1885 | Ernest Wool Lewis | Herbert Chipp | 7-5, 6–2, 7–5.< |
| 1886 | Ernest Wool Lewis | Ernest George Meers | 6-2, 6–2, 6–2. |
| 1888 | Ernest George Meers | Charles Gladstone Eames | 6-1, 6–1, 6–2. |
| 1890 | Herbert Chipp | Wilberforce Eaves | 6-4, 3–6, 1–6, 6–2, 6–4. |
| 1891 | Herbert Chipp | James Herbert Crispe | 6-4, 6–4, 2–6, 3–6, 6–1. |
# Arouva mirificana

Arouva mirificana is a species of snout moth in the genus Arouva. It was described by Francis Walker in 1864, and is known from Brazil.
# Sengenyama Kofun

Sengenyama Kofun (浅間山古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located in the Kuraganomachi neighborhood the city of Takasaki, Gunma Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1927. It is the second largest kofun in Gunma Prefecture after the Ōta Tenjinyama Kofun (Ōta), and third in the Kantō region after the Ōta Tenjinyama Kofun and the Funazukayama Kofun (Ishioka, Ibaraki). It is estimated to have been built around the end of the 4th century and the beginning of the 5th century and is part of a group of 13 tumuli which were concentrated in the vicinity, forming the Kuragano kofun cluster.

## Overview

The Sengenyama tumulus is a zenpō-kōen-fun (前方後円墳), which is shaped like a keyhole, having one square end and one circular end, when viewed from above. It is situated on a plain to the southeast of the city center of Takasaki on the left bank of the Karasu River near the confluence of the Kabura River. The tumulus has a total length of 170.5 meters, with a posterior circular portion in three tiers and an anterior rectangular portion two tiers, and is orientated to the southeast. The surface was originally covered in fukiishi and both cylindrical haniwa and figurine haniwa (shaped as people and houses) have been recovered. In design, it closely resembles the Sakimisasagiyama Kofun in Nara, indicating a close connection with the Yamato kingdom. During the Meiji period, local inhabitants dug into the tumulus searching for the burial chamber, but discovered only vermillion painted fragments of stone and clay, and no grave goods. The chamber itself may have been a pit-shaped clay-lined hole.
The tumulus was surrounded by a double moat, with the inner moat having a width of 20 to 30 meters and the outer moat having a width of 56 to 65 meters.
Within the same Kuragano Kofun Cluster are a number of other very large keyhole-shaped tumuli, including the Ōtsurumaki Kofun (123 meters long), which has a separate National Historic Site designation, and the Kotsurumaki Kofun (87.5 meters).

### Total length

    171.5 meters

### Anterior rectangular portion

    66.3 meters long x 74.8 meters wide x 5.5 meters high, 2-tier

### Posterior circular portion

    105 meter diameter x 14.1 meters high, 3-tiers
The tumulus is about 15 minutes on foot from Kuragano Station on the JR East Takasaki Line.
# Irere

Irere may refer to:
* Irere, a common name for the white-faced whistling duck
* Irere (Alexander McQueen collection), a 2003 fashion collection
* Irere Claudette, Rwandan politician
# Villa María, San José

Villa María is a small village (caserío) in the San José Department of southern Uruguay.

## Geography

It is located on km.71 of Route 3, 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north of its junction with Route 1 and 3.2 kilometres (2.0 mi) northeast of Rafael Perazza (by secondary road). Route 3 connects it to the department capital, San José de Mayo, 19 kilometres (12 mi) to the north, as well as to the capitals or main cities of other departments.

## Population

In 2011 Villa María had a population of 620.
| Year | Population |
| 1963 | 104 |
| 1975 | 209 |
| 1985 | 279 |
| 1996 | 322 |
| 2004 | 512 |
| 2011 | 620 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay
# Thomas Frobisher

Thomas Frobisher (1744 – September 12, 1788) was an English fur trader in Canada.
The son of Joseph Frobisher and Rachel Hargrave, He was born in Yorkshire, England and came to Quebec City in 1769. Frobisher joined his brothers Joseph and Benjamin in the western fur trade. He founded the first trading post at Île-à-la-Crosse in 1776.
He died at Montreal at the age of 44 and was buried in the old Protestant burying ground on Dorchester Street.
# William Olcott

William Olcott may refer to:
* William J. Olcott (1862–1935), American football player and mining and railroad executive
* William Tyler Olcott (1873–1936), American lawyer and amateur astronomer
* William M. K. Olcott (1862–1933), American lawyer and politician from New York City
# Leanne Smith

Leanne Smith (born May 28, 1987) is an American World Cup alpine ski racer and specializes in the speed events.

## Early life

Born in North Conway, New Hampshire, Smith attended A. Crosby Kennett High School. She spent her skiing time on the local mountain, Cranmore, where the founder of the first skiing school in the United States, Hannes Schneider, arrived from Austria. Following Cranmore, she trained with the Mount Washington Valley Ski Team, coached by Kurt Simard. Smith graduated from high school in 2005, and then attended the University of New Hampshire in Durham and raced for the Wildcats in 2006.

## U.S. Ski Team

After her freshman year at UNH, Smith joined the U.S. Ski Team for the 2007 season, on the developmental team. She moved up to the World Cup team the following season and made her debut in December 2007 in Canada at Lake Louise and finished 23rd in the downhill.
Smith's best World Cup finish is 2nd in a downhill at Val-d'Isère in December 2012. She represented the U.S. at the Winter Olympics in 2010 and 2014, and at the World Championships in 2011 and 2013.

## World Cup results
### Season standings

| Season | Age | Overall | Slalom | Giant Slalom | Super G | Downhill | Combined |
| 2008 | 20 | 88 | — | — | 36 | 45 | 35 |
| 2009 | 21 | 94 | — | — | 43 | 41 | 41 |
| 2010 | 22 | 75 | — | — | 41 | 36 | 31 |
| 2011 | 23 | 30 | — | — | 15 | 22 | 19 |
| 2012 | 24 | 38 | — | — | 16 | 25 | 28 |
| 2013 | 25 | 25 | — | — | 12 | 12 | 37 |
| 2014 | 26 | 52 | — | — | 19 | 30 | — |

### Top ten finishes

* 2 podiums – (2 DH)
| Season | Date | Location | Discipline | Place |
| 2011 | 21 Jan 2011 | Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy | Super G | 8th |
| 2011 | 4 Mar 2011 | Tarvisio, Italy | Super Combined | 9th |
| 2012 | 15 Jan 2012 | Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy | Super G | 10th |
| 2012 | 28 Jan 2012 | St. Moritz, Switzerland | Downhill | 7th |
| 2012 | 15 Mar 2012 | Schladming, Austria | Super G | 5th |
| 2013 | 2 Dec 2012 | Lake Louise, Canada | Super G | 8th |
| 2013 | 14 Dec 2012 | Val-d'Isère, France | Downhill | 2nd |
| 2013 | 19 Jan 2013 | Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy | Downhill | 3rd |
| 2013 | 20 Jan 2013 | Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy | Super G | 6th |
| 2014 | 8 Dec 2013 | Lake Louise, Canada | Super G | 6th |

## World Championship results

| Year | Age | Slalom | Giant Slalom | Super-G | Downhill | Combined |
| 2011 | 23 | — | — | 19 | DNF | DSQ1 |
| 2013 | 25 | — | — | 16 | 12 | DNS2 |

## Olympic results

| Year | Age | Slalom | Giant Slalom | Super-G | Downhill | Combined |
| 2010 | 22 | — | — | 18 | — | 21 |
| 2014 | 26 | — | — | 18 | — | DNF2 |
# Wilczek Island

Wilczek Island, (Остров Вильчека; Ostrov Vil'cheka) is located in the southeastern end of Franz Josef Land, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.

## History

Wilczek Island was the first island of the Franz Josef Archipelago on which the Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition set foot on November 1, 1873. A grave was dug ashore for Otto Krisch, a deceased member of the expedition and a cairn was erected with a message in a sealed container in it informing about the new discovery.
On August 5, 1991, German ship Dagmar Aaen with the Arved Fuchs expedition reached Wilczek Island. Fuchs dug up the Austro-Hungarian expedition bottle from among the stones in the cairn, but the writing inside could not be read. The document was brought to the office the Federal Criminal Police Office in Wiesbaden. There the writing was deciphered and it was confirmed that it was a note from Polar explorers Julius Payer and Karl Weyprecht. The document is now in the German Naval Museum in Bremerhaven.

## Geography

Wilczek Island is a 10 km (6 mi) long island southwest of Salm Island, separated from the latter by a 3 km (2 mi) wide sound. The island is mostly unglacierized, except for a small ice cap in the north and a smaller one in the south.
"Wilczek Island" should not be confused with much larger Wilczek Land located in the same archipelago, but they are both named after Austro-Hungarian Count Johann Nepomuk Wilczek. Count Hans Wilczek was the most important sponsor of the Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition to Franz Josef Land.

### Adjacent islands
#### Lamont Island

12 km south of Wilczek Island lies Lamont Island (остров Ламон) 79° 48' N; 58° 40' E. This is a small double island, only 1.3 km in length. Lamont Island is the southernmost island of the Franz Josef Archipelago. In some maps it appears as Lamon Island.
This double islet was named after Scottish Arctic explorer Sir James Lamont.
# Weller (disambiguation)

Weller is a surname.
Weller may also refer to:

## Business

* Weller Flugzeugbau, a German aircraft manufacturer
* Weller Pottery, largest American manufacturer of commercial and art pottery in early twentieth century
* Weller, a brand of soldering irons and other electronic products made by Apex Tool Group

## Places

* Weller, Virginia, an unincorporated community in the United States
* Weller Township (disambiguation)
# Arthur C. Needles

Arthur Chase Needles (January 10, 1867, in Baltimore, Maryland – October 26, 1936, in Roanoke, Virginia) was the president of the Norfolk and Western Railroad. He was president of the railroad that had 20,000 employees across the nation, and guided the company successfully through the opening years of the Great Depression.

## Early life and education

Needles was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and attended preparatory school at Swarthmore College.

## Personal life

He was married in 1899 to Bessie Parker Williams of Baltimore. They had a son, John Oliver Needles. Bessie Needles died in 1923.
His only daughter, Phoebe Augusta Needles (1906–1913), died at the age of 6 from meningitis. "He became interested through an Episcopal minister to underprivileged children in Franklin County, Virginia, and established there the St. Phoebe's Mission, in honor of his daughter, who died as a child. For the last sixteen years of his life he virtually supported the mission, although he was himself of the Quaker faith."
In 1928 he married Hortense Edith Clarke of New York.

## Railroad career

Needles began work at age 16 in 1882 as a rodman with the Washington, Ohio and Western Railroad. Joining the Norfolk and Western in 1883, he worked sixteen hours a day when needed as both a brakeman and yard clerk. In 1884, he was promoted to night yard clerk, and in 1887 he was promoted to yardmaster of the Radford, Virginia Division of the railroad, and for the Pocahontas Division until 1890. He was made train master of the Pocahontas Division, and the supervisor of the Clinch Valley Line. Within a few years, he was promoted to superintendent, then vice-president of the Shenandoah Division. During World War I, the federal government took over the control of the railroads, and he was made the Federal Manager under the United States Railroad Administration from June 1, 1918, to March 1, 1920, when the railroads were returned to private ownership.

## Railroad president

Arthur C. Needles was the president of the Norfolk and Western railroad from 1924 to 1936. As president he worked to increase the safety of the railroad, both for employees and the public. He accepted the E. H. Harriman Award for railroad safety in 1926. He was responsible for turning many of the tracks into double tracks to promote both safety and efficiency. He also increased electrical transport of many of the coal trains operated by the company.
He was also the president of the Pocahontas Coal and Coke Company, and director of: Winston-Salem Southbound Railway Company; Norfolk and Portsmouth Belt Line Railroad; Fruit Growers Express Company; Mutual Fire, Marine and Inland Insurance Company; First National Exchange; Bank of Roanoke; Norfolk Terminal Authority.

## Death and burial

After a short illness, he died unexpectedly of heart problems in 1936. Although a Quaker, he funeral was observed at St. John's Episcopal Church in Roanoke. Afterwards, a special train carried his body to Baltimore for interment at the family lots at Green Mount Cemetery.
# Sentinel Island (Colorado)

Sentinel Island is a small island in Summit County, Colorado in the Dillon Reservoir. It appears on a 1970 USGS map of the area, along with Silver Dollar Island and Fishhook Island.
# Arsentyev

Arsentyev / Arsentiev (masculine) or Arsentyeva / Arsentieva (feminine) is a Russian patronymic surname derived from the given name Arsentiy. Notable people with the surname include:
* Francys Arsentiev
* Fyodor Arsentyev