OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bennet Burleigh

Bennet Graham Burley (c. 1840 – June 17, 1914) was a Scottish-born pirate, Confederate spy and journalist. Later in life, he changed his surname to Burleigh and became a celebrated war correspondent for London's The Daily Telegraph.
Born in Glasgow, he began work as a shipping clerk at the age of 20. Shortly afterwards, he was forced to marry one of the family's servants after getting her pregnant. Burley left for North America with another clerk to take part in the American Civil War. He joined the Confederates, disrupting Union ship traffic. Burley was captured in May 1864 but escaped a month later. He took part in a raid on Lake Erie in September 1864 led by John Yates Beall. Burley had convinced a Canadian cousin in Guelph, Adam Robertson, to manufacture munitions for use in that raid. He returned to Guelph but was later captured and extradited to the United States. The jury deadlocked at his first trial and he was returned to jail to await a second trial. Burley was able to escape to Canada and returned to Scotland. At this point, he changed his name to Bennet Burleigh.
In 1881, Burleigh was hired by the London Telegraph to cover the war in Sudan. He was a correspondent for the Central News Agency during the bombardment of Alexandria in 1882. Burleigh was the first to report the failure of the Gordon relief expedition, which led to the slaughter of the Khartoum garrison. He also covered the Boer War and the Russo-Japanese War. He authored several books on his experiences reporting on conflict.
Burleigh ran unsuccessfully several times for Glasgow seats in the British parliament.
He died in Bexhill on June 17, 1914 and was buried in Brookwood Cemetery.
Burleigh is thought by some to be a model for the correspondent Gilbert Torpenhow in Rudyard Kipling's The Light That Failed.
# Glyphipterix semiflavana

Glyphipterix semiflavana is a species of sedge moth in the genus Glyphipterix. It was described by Syuti Issiki in 1930. It is found in China and Japan.
Adults are 4–5 mm long. There is one generation per year.
# Adetus fuscoapicalis

Adetus fuscoapicalis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1942.
# 1874 in architecture

The year 1874 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.

## Events

* George Devey begins to remodel Ascott House (near Wing, Buckinghamshire) in England.
* Eastern Parkway in Brooklyn, New York, laid out by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux, is completed.
* Watts & Co. established as an interior design and furnishings company in London by George Frederick Bodley, Thomas Garner and George Gilbert Scott Jr.

## Buildings and structures
### Buildings completed

* California State Capitol in Sacramento, California, USA.
* Eads Bridge at St. Louis, USA, designed by James B. Eads.
* Grand Synagogue of Paris, France, designed by Alfred-Philibert Aldrophe.
* Palais Garnier (opera house), Paris, France, designed by Charles Garnier.
* St. Nicholas' Church, Hamburg, Germany, designed by George Gilbert Scott.
* Wahnfried, Richard Wagner's villa in Bayreuth, Germany.
* The Ancoats Hospital, an enlargement of the current building, in Manchester, designed by Lewis and Crawcroft, opens.
* Serbian Orthodox Cathedral in Sarajevo, designed by Andrey Damyanov

## Awards

* RIBA Royal Gold Medal – George Edmund Street.
* Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: Benoît Édouard Loviot.

## Births

* February 12 – Auguste Perret, French architect, pioneer of reinforced concrete (died 1954)
* March 10 – Karl Lindahl, Finnish-Swedish architect (died 1930)
* April 11 – William Alexander Harvey, English architect of Bournville (died 1951)
* April 24 – John Russell Pope, American architect (died 1937)
* October 21 – Edwin Cooper, English architect (died 1942)

## Deaths

* January 13 – Victor Baltard, French architect (born 1805)
* April 13 – James Bogardus, American inventor and architect (born 1800)
* April 19 – Owen Jones, Anglo-Welsh architect (born 1809)
* August 3 – Carl Tietz, German architect working in Vienna (born 1831)
* September 3 – John Rennie the Younger, English civil engineer (born 1794)
* November 14 – Robert William Billings, British Gothic Revival architectural draughtsman and architect (born 1812)
# 2004 Liège–Bastogne–Liège

The 2004 Liège–Bastogne–Liège took place April 25, 2004 and saw Davide Rebellin win his first Liège–Bastogne–Liège, capping a victorious week having already won the Amstel Gold Race and La Flèche Wallonne to complete a rare Ardennes triple. The previous year's winner, Tyler Hamilton, finished in ninth position.

## Results

| | Cyclist | Team | Time |
| 1 | Davide Rebellin (ITA) | Gerolsteiner | 6h 20' 09" |
| 2 | Michael Boogerd (NED) | Rabobank | + 2" |
| 3 | Alexander Vinokourov (KAZ) | T-Mobile Team | + 4" |
| 4 | Samuel Sánchez (ESP) | Euskaltel–Euskadi | + 8" |
| 5 | Erik Dekker (NED) | Rabobank | + 12" |
| 6 | Matthias Kessler (GER) | T-Mobile Team | s.t. |
| 7 | Michele Scarponi (ITA) | Domina Vacanze | s.t. |
| 8 | Ivan Basso (ITA) | Team CSC | s.t. |
| 9 | Tyler Hamilton (USA) | Phonak | s.t. |
| 10 | Ángel Vicioso (ESP) | Liberty Seguros | s.t. |
# John Ashworth (preacher)

John Ashworth (8 July 1813 – 26 January 1875) was an English preacher, manufacturer, and author.

## Early life

Ashworth was born on 8 July 1813 at the hamlet of Cutgate near Rochdale, the eighth child of his parents, who were poor woollen weavers. He has himself told the story of his mother manufacturing a 'bishop' (pinafore) for him out of a pack-sheet, from which all her exertions could not wash away the indelible word 'Wool,' which therefore formed his breastplate. The poverty of the family was further embittered by the intemperance of the father, who, however, reformed later in life. The only education which John obtained was at a Sunday school.

## Career

He married before he was twenty. The union was a happy one, but Ashworth and his first wife had years of struggle with poverty and care. His position somewhat improved, and in 1851, when visiting the Great Exhibition, he formed the resolution of founding a chapel for the destitute in Rochdale, but the proposal was so much discouraged by his friends that he abandoned it for a time, and did not put it into execution until 1858, at which point he would found the non-conformist Chapel for the Destitute.
As minister of this chapel Ashworth was brought into close contact with the poorest people of a great factory town. He was a vigorous preacher of the orthodox type, and understanding the people's way of life, and speaking a language which they understood, he gathered a great congregation. He was a liberal in politics, a staunch teetotaller, and an uncompromising advocate for the Maine Law and the observance of the Sunday after a rigid puritanical fashion. He visited the United States and the Holy Land, and for many years had a busy life as preacher, manufacturer, lecturer, and author.
Ashworth wrote Walks in Canaan and Back from Canaan, and had begun an account of his Rambles in the New World he died; his chief work was Strange Tales, followed after a time by another anthology, Simple Records. These were printed as separate tracts, and have had a circulation in the millions. Some have been translated into Welsh, French, Dutch, Russian, and Spanish. Yet the publisher to whom the first one was offered only undertook to print it on being guaranteed from any risk. These narratives are interesting for the glimpses they give of the life of the poor of the manufacturing districts. They mostly relate incidents that had come to his knowledge during his work amongst the poor. The accuracy of one was challenged, but for most of them sufficient vouchers could be adduced. Ashworth's intimate knowledge of the class he describes makes his Strange Tales particularly valuable.

## Death

Ashworth died on 26 January 1875, and was followed to his grave in the Rochdale cemetery by a procession of those amongst whom he had laboured.
# Bennet Dowler

Bennet Dowler (1797-1879) was a physician and physiologist of the United States.

## Biography

He was born in Moundsville, Virginia, and received an M.D. from the medical school of the University of Maryland. He settled in Clarksburg, Virginia, where he was postmaster for four years.
In 1836, he settled in New Orleans, where he founded the Academy of Sciences, and for some years edited The New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal. His many experiments upon the condition of the human body immediately after death resulted in valuable discoveries in contractibility, calorification, and capillary circulation.
His researches on animal heat, in health, in disease, and after death, which have been published in various medical journals, disclosed the fact that post-mortem calorification after death from fever, cholera, sunstroke, etc., rises in some cases much higher than its antecedent maximum during the progress of the trouble.
In 1845 Dowler began a series of experiments in comparative physiology on the alligator of Louisiana, which led him to conclude that, after decapitation, the head and, especially, the trunk afford evidences of possessing the faculties of sensation and motion for hours, and that the headless trunk, deprived of all the senses but that of feeling, still retains the powers of perception and volition, and may act with intelligence in avoiding an irritant. As the result of those discoveries, he held that the functions and structure of the nervous system constitute a unity inconsistent with the assumption of four distinct and separate sets of nerves, and a corresponding four-fold set of functions.
In 1860, Dowler is recorded as having enslaved three people: two females, aged 10 and 35, and a male aged 27.
He was a fellow and founder of the Royal Society of Northern Antiquities, Copenhagen, a permanent member of the American Medical Association, and was one of the founders of the New Orleans Academy of Sciences.

## Selected works

Dowler wrote articles and treatises on a variety of topics, some controversial. Several of his works have been digitized by the National Library of Medicine:
Contributions to experimental physiology: showing that the ligation of the trachea, the divisions of the spinal cord in the cervical and dorsal regions, the removal of the viscera ... do not prevent intelligence, sensation, and motions (1852)
Experimental rescearches [sic] on the post-mortem contractility of the muscles, with observations on the reflex theory (1846)
A response to a professor and a speculation on the sensorium (1850)
Researches on the natural history of death (1850)
Tableau of the yellow fever of 1853: with topographical, chronological, and historical sketches of the epidemics of New Orleans since their origin in 1796, illustrative of the quarantine question (1854)
# Aeby

Aeby is a Swiss-German surname, derived from the personal name Adalbert (Albert). Notable people with the surname include:
* Christoph Theodor Aeby (1835–1885), Swiss anatomist and anthropologist. The "closing plate of Aeby" (sic) is mentioned without a specific citation by the comparative neuroanatomist J.B.Johnston in his 1923 paper on the mammalian amygdaloid region, referring to the locus at the medial hemispheric wall that 'closes' the choroidal fissure. He probably was citing C.T.Aeby.
* Georges Aeby (1913–1999), Swiss footballer
* Jack Aeby (1923–2015), American engineer
* Paul Aeby (1910-?), Swiss footballer
* Philipp Aeby (born 1968), Swiss businessman
# Valeria Culotta

Valeria Cizewski Culotta is an American molecular biologist.

## Early life and education

Culotta was born and raised in Maryland, where she graduated from Havre De Grace High School in 1975. She then completed her PhD in 1987 at Johns Hopkins University and her postdoctoral training in molecular biology at the National Cancer Institute.

## Career

Following her postdoctoral training, Culotta joined the faculty of Environmental Health Sciences at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in 1990. While serving in this role, she received a MERIT award from the National Institutes of Health to support her research. Culotta eventually joined the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology where she found that copper chaperones have evolved to ferry copper ions to specific copper-containing proteins. As such, her discovery was implicated in certain motor neuron disorders and diseases of copper metabolism such as Wilson's and Menkes diseases. In 2011, Culotta was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science for her studies on the role of metals in biology.
Beyond studying copper chaperones, Culotta began to study the role of manganese and iron in the cellular workings of the Lyme bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi. In 2015, Culotta and her research team discovered that levels of copper in the bloodstream increase during infection in an attempt to kill the pathogen with copper poisoning. As such, organs such as the kidneys send their copper into the bloodstream, causing their levels to drop. The following year, she became the Bloomberg School's first Director of Postdoctoral Training and earned the 2018 inaugural Dean's Award for Distinction in Faculty Mentoring.
In 2020, Culotta was appointed the inaugural Associate Vice Provost for Postdoctoral Affairs to "advance policies and priorities for postdocs across all of the Johns Hopkins divisions and labs." In this role, her research team discovered a new type of copper-dependent enzyme in pathogenic fungi.
# 1967 New York Jets season

The 1967 New York Jets season was the eighth season for the team in the American Football League (AFL). The season began with the team trying to improve on their 6–6–2 record from 1966 under head coach Weeb Ewbank. The Jets finished with an 8–5–1 record (their first winning season). Third year quarterback Joe Namath had the best season of his career becoming the first quarterback in pro football history to throw for 4,000 yards in a season (he threw for 4,007 yards). It remains a club record as of 2024. In addition, Namath also posted career highs in touchdown passes (26) and interceptions (28).

## Schedule

| Week | Date | Opponent | Result | Record | Venue | Attendance | Recap |
| 1 | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye |
| 2 | September 10 | at Buffalo Bills | L 17–20 | 0–1 | War Memorial Stadium | 45,748 | Recap |
| 3 | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye |
| 4 | September 24 | at Denver Broncos | W 38–24 | 1–1 | Bears Stadium | 35,565 | Recap |
| 5 | October 1 | Miami Dolphins | W 29–7 | 2–1 | Shea Stadium | 61,240 | Recap |
| 6 | October 7 | Oakland Raiders | W 27–14 | 3–1 | Shea Stadium | 63,106 | Recap |
| 7 | October 15 | Houston Oilers | T 28–28 | 3–1–1 | Shea Stadium | 62,729 | Recap |
| 8 | October 22 | at Miami Dolphins | W 33–14 | 4–1–1 | Orange Bowl | 30,049 | Recap |
| 9 | October 29 | Boston Patriots | W 30–23 | 5–1–1 | Shea Stadium | 62,784 | Recap |
| 10 | November 5 | at Kansas City Chiefs | L 18–42 | 5–2–1 | Municipal Stadium | 46,642 | Recap |
| 11 | November 12 | Buffalo Bills | W 20–10 | 6–2–1 | Shea Stadium | 62,671 | Recap |
| 12 | November 19 | at Boston Patriots | W 29–24 | 7–2–1 | Fenway Park | 26,790 | Recap |
| 13 | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye |
| 14 | December 3 | Denver Broncos | L 24–33 | 7–3–1 | Shea Stadium | 61,615 | Recap |
| 15 | December 10 | Kansas City Chiefs | L 7–21 | 7–4–1 | Shea Stadium | 62,891 | Recap |
| 16 | December 17 | at Oakland Raiders | L 29–38 | 7–5–1 | Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum | 53,011 | Recap |
| 17 | December 24 | at San Diego Chargers | W 42–31 | 8–5–1 | San Diego Stadium | 34,580 | Recap |
| Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text. ||||||||

## Game summaries
### Week 16

| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| • Jets | 14 | 14 | 14 | 0 | 42 |
| Chargers | 7 | 17 | 0 | 7 | 31 |

## Standings

AFL Eastern Division :
| viewtalkedit | W | L | T | PCT | DIV | PF | PA | STK |
| Houston Oilers | 9 | 4 | 1 | .692 | 5–1–1 | 258 | 199 | W2 |
| New York Jets | 8 | 5 | 1 | .615 | 5–1–1 | 371 | 329 | W1 |
| Buffalo Bills | 4 | 10 | 0 | .286 | 3–5 | 237 | 285 | L1 |
| Miami Dolphins | 4 | 10 | 0 | .286 | 2–6 | 219 | 407 | L1 |
| Boston Patriots | 3 | 10 | 1 | .231 | 3–5 | 280 | 389 | L5 |
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings in the AFL.
# Tropic Skincare

Tropic Skincare is a British online and multi-level marketing company which sells skincare and cosmetic products. The company is based in Croydon, South London. The business is owned by The Apprentice series 7 contestant Susie Ma.

## History

Tropic initially launched as Tropic Pure Plant Skin Care in 2007, by founder Susan Ma. The company officially became incorporated in 2011. After Susan Ma took part in the seventh series of The Apprentice, Alan Sugar invested to become a 50/50 partner in Tropic. In 2013, Tropic launched its Social Selling Business Platform with 400 founding sales people. Tropic has since increased its product range to include skincare, body care, hair care, sun care, tanning serums and products designed for men. In April 2023, Ma purchased back Sugar's shares and now owns 100% of the business.

## Business structure

Tropic uses a direct sales and multi-level marketing business model, in which sales people are paid for selling and for sales made by people they recruit or sponsor. Sales people host party plan events where products are demonstrated or sampled and orders are taken from customers. Sales people also can attend commercial events and have personal web-shops, where products are sold online.
"Ambassadors" earn a 25% commission on products they sell themselves, and advance through the "qualifications" ("ambassador", "manager", and "executive manager") set out in the Success Plan. The terms and conditions sellers sign requires that ambassadors only buy stock to sell for genuine customer orders, rather than purely to advance levels. It also caps Ambassador's stock capacity to 20 items at any one time. There are no volume requirements to earn commission.

## Ethics

Tropic is certified by the Vegan Society, PETA, and Cruelty Free International, and is a CarbonNeutral and Ethically accredited company.

## Press

Tropic featured on The Sunday Times Hundred 2022 - Britain's Fastest Growing Private Companies for the sixth consecutive year. Previously known as the Fast Track 100.
# Tienshanite

Tienshanite, named for the Tian Shan Range in Mongolia, is a rare borosilicate mineral, though rock-forming in some parts of its original locality at the Dara-i-Pioz Glacier in Tajikistan. Its formula is extremely complex: KNa$_3$(Na,K,)$_6$(Ca,Y,RE)$_2$Ba$_6$(Mn$^{2+}$,Fe$^{2+}$,Zn,Ti)$_6$(Ti,Nb)$_6$Si$_{36}$B$_{12}$O$_{114}$[O$_{5.5}$(OH,F)$_{3.5}$]F$_2$.
# Lichtgestalt

Lichtgestalt is a 2005 album by German gothic rock duo Lacrimosa. The album was released on 2 May 2005 by Hall of Sermon.

## Music

Recorded in 2005, it consists of 9 tracks, including the two different versions of "The Party Is Over". The album has strong elements of symphonic metal. The album continues in the musical vein of Lacrimosa's previous albums, in contrast to Tilo Wolff's other musical project, Snakeskin.
The style changes between calm songs with string instruments and aggressive electric guitar tracks.
Lyrics cover Lacrimosa's by-now standard themes of love, estrangement and loneliness. A notable exception is the last individual track, "Hohelied der Liebe", a song written entirely for orchestra and choir with rock elements, and with lyrics taken from St Paul's First Epistle to the Corinthians.

## Charts

| Chart (2005) | Peak position |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 30 |
| Polish Albums (ZPAV) | 21 |

## Credits

All songs written, composed, arranged, orchestrated & produced by Tilo Wolff except the lyrics of "Hohelied der Liebe" taken from the Holy Bible. Arranged By, Composed By, Orchestrated By, Producer, Written-By – Tilo Wolff Bass – Yenz Leonhardt (tracks: 7)
Bass [Fretless] – Susanne Vogel (tracks: 5)
Bassoon – Philip Kreinert (tracks: 1)
Cello – Boris Matchin (tracks: 4)
Choir – Arno Schubert (tracks: 8), Christian Hammerschick (tracks: 8), Kanemaki Chor (tracks: 8), Rosenberg Ensemble (tracks: 8), Thomas Günther (tracks: 8)
Clarinet – Thomas Gramatzki (tracks: 1, 4)
Conductor [Spielmann-schnyder Philharmonie] – Christopher Clayton (tracks: 3, 5, 7)
Conductor [Victor Smolski Symphonic Orchestra] – Andrey Zubrich (tracks: 2, 8)
Double Bass – Katharina C. Bunners (tracks: 4)
Drums – AC (2) (tracks: 4, 8), Manne Uhlig (tracks: 2, 3, 5 to 7), Thomas Nack (tracks: 1)
Flute – Thomas Gramatzki (tracks: 6)
Guitar – Sascha Gerbig (tracks: 5)
Guitar, Bass – Jay P. (3)
Oboe – Thomas Rohde (tracks: 1, 4, 5, 6)
Orchestra – Spielmann-Schnyder Philharmonie* (tracks: 3, 5, 7), Victor Smolski Symphonic Orchestra (tracks: 2, 8)
Viola – Thomas Oepen (tracks: 4)
Viola [Da Gamba], Cello – Birte Schultz (tracks: 8)
Violin [1st] – Stefan Pintev (tracks: 4)
Violin [2nd] – Rodrigo Reichel (tracks: 4)
Vocals, Keyboards – Anne Nurmi
Vocals, Piano, Programmed By, Trumpet – Tilo Wolff
# Agelas

Agelas is a genus of sea sponge in the class Demospongiae.

## Ecology and distribution

Members of this genus are filter feeders. and occur in the West Indies, the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean in shallow tropical and subtropical waters down to a depth of 30 metres (98 ft) or exceptionally 50 metres (160 ft).

## Spicules

Some authorities report that the spongin fibres contain no coring spicules while others report that there are some of variable length. Fernando Parra-Velandia however, describing the Caribbean species in the group, writes that "The presence of verticillated acanthostyle spicules and a fibroreticulate skeleton of spongin fibres cored and/or echinated by spicules characterize this group."

## Species

The World Register of Marine Species includes the following species in the genus:
* Agelas axifera Hentschel, 1911
* Agelas bispiculata Vacelet, Vasseur & Lévi, 1976
* Agelas braekmani Thomas, 1998
* Agelas cavernosa Thiele, 1903
* Agelas cerebrum Assmann, van Soest & Köck, 2001
* Agelas cervicornis (Schmidt, 1870)
* Agelas ceylonica Dendy, 1905
* Agelas citrina Gotera & Alcolado, 1987
* Agelas clathrodes (Schmidt, 1870)
* Agelas conifera (Schmidt, 1870)
* Agelas dendromorpha Lévi, 1993
* Agelas dilatata Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864
* Agelas dispar Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864
* Agelas flabelliformis (Carter, 1883)
* Agelas gracilis Whitelegge, 1897
* Agelas inaequalis Pulitzer-Finali, 1986
* Agelas linnaei De Voogd, Parra-Velandia & Van Soest, 2008
* Agelas marmarica Lévi, 1958
* Agelas mauritiana (Carter, 1883)
* Agelas nakamurai Hoshino, 1985
* Agelas nemoechinata Hoshino, 1985
* Agelas novaecaledoniae Lévi & Lévi, 1983
* Agelas oroides (Schmidt, 1864)
* Agelas repens Lehnert & van Soest, 1998
* Agelas robusta Pulitzer-Finali, 1982
* Agelas rudis Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864
* Agelas sceptrum (Lamarck, 1815)
* Agelas schmidti Wilson, 1902
* Agelas semiglaber Pulitzer-Finali, 1996
* Agelas sventres Lehnert & van Soest, 1996
* Agelas tubulata Lehnert & van Soest, 1996
* Agelas wiedenmayeri Alcolado, 1984
# Aechmea alba

Aechmea alba is a species of plant in the genus Aechmea. This species is endemic to Brazil.