OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Perrin Nicolson House

The William Perrin Nicolson House is a historic house built in 1891, located on Piedmont Ave. in Midtown Atlanta, northeast of downtown. The building was designated in 1989 as a historic building by the City of Atlanta, as William Perrin Nicolson House. The building was also listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the William P. Nicolson House.

## History

The house was built in 1891 by surgeon William Perrin Nicolson as a wedding present for his bride, Carolyn Crane. The building was designed by regionally renowned master architect Walter T. Downing in the Eclectic Colonial Revival style. Downing designed many public buildings and churches, such as Sacred Heart Church (1877–98) but his most unusual and impressive works were his residential designs where his eclectic and individualistic style shines through.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977, and is a City of Atlanta Landmark Building and Site (1989). One reason for its listing is that it is now a relatively rare surviving example of W.T. Downing's residential work, being one of only five of his houses in Atlanta still extant, and it is the only one reflecting the distinctive style that he developed in his designs commissioned in the 1890s.
The listing included two contributing buildings.
The property is documented by several interior and exterior photos in Downing's book titled Domestic Architecture.
William Perrin Nicolson died at the house on April 4, 1928, and the house remained in the Nicolson family until in 1982.

## Inn

The Nicolson House received the "Atlanta Urban Design Commission Award of Excellence for Historic Preservation and Adaptive Re-Use" from Atlanta Mayor Andrew Young in 1987. It is one of the featured properties in the 1991 book Classic Atlanta: Landmarks of the Atlanta Spirit. The property was operated as the Shellmont Inn Bed and Breakfast until 2016.

## In modern culture

It was featured in the 2015 movie in Chevy Chase's "Vacation" series, Vacation, as Clark and Ellen Griswold's personal bed and breakfast business.
# Apostolepis lineata

Apostolepis lineata, commonly known as the hognose lineate blackhead, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. It is endemic to Brazil.
# Yulianto

Yulianto is an Indonesian name. Notable people with the name include:
* Alvent Yulianto (born 1980), Indonesian badminton player
* Charis Yulianto (born 1978), Indonesian footballer
* Hari Nur Yulianto (born 1989), Indonesian footballer
* Kurniawan Dwi Yulianto (born 1976), Indonesian footballer
# Hank Simms

Hank Simms (May 25, 1923 – August 7, 2013) was a voice actor and announcer, best known for narrating the opening credits of Quinn Martin TV shows, including The F.B.I., Barnaby Jones, Cannon and The Streets of San Francisco. He was also hired to imitate his distinctive announcing style in the opening credits for the satirical TV series Police Squad!.
# Cortical minicolumn

A cortical minicolumn (also called cortical microcolumn) is a vertical column through the cortical layers of the brain. Neurons within the microcolumn "receive common inputs, have common outputs, are interconnected, and may well constitute a fundamental computational unit of the cerebral cortex". Minicolumns comprise perhaps 80–120 neurons, except in the primate primary visual cortex (V1), where there are typically more than twice the number. There are about 2×10$^8$ minicolumns in humans. From calculations, the diameter of a minicolumn is about 28–40 μm. Minicolumns grow from progenitor cells within the embryo and contain neurons within multiple layers (2–6) of the cortex.
Many sources support the existence of minicolumns, especially Mountcastle, with strong evidence reviewed by Buxhoeveden and Casanova who conclude "... the minicolumn must be considered a strong model for cortical organization" and "[the minicolumn is] the most basic and consistent template by which the neocortex organizes its neurones, pathways, and intrinsic circuits".
Cells in 50 μm minicolumn all have the same receptive field; adjacent minicolumns may have different fields.

## Number of neurons

Estimates of number of neurons in a minicolumn range from 80–100 neurons.
Jones describes a variety of observations that may be interpreted as mini- or micro-columns and gives example numbers from 11 to 142 neurons per minicolumn.

## Number of minicolumns

Estimates of the number of neurons in cortex or in neocortex are on the order of 2×10$^{10}$. Most (perhaps 90%) of cortical neurons are neocortical neurons.
Johansson and Lansner use an estimate of 2×10$^{10}$ neurons in the neocortex and an estimate of 100 neurons per minicolumn, yielding an estimate of 2×10$^8$ minicolumns.
Sporns et al. give an estimate of 2×10$^7$ – 2×10$^8$ minicolumns.

## Size of minicolumns

The minicolumn measures of the order of 40–50 μm in transverse diameter; 35–60 μm; 50 μm with 80 μm spacing, or 30 μm with 50 μm. Larger sizes may not be of human minicolumns, for example macaque monkey V1 minicolumns are 31 μm diameter, with 142 pyramidal cells — 1270 columns per mm$^2$. Similarly, the cat V1 has much bigger minicolumns, ~56 μm.
The size can also be calculated from area considerations. If cortex (both hemispheres) is 1.27×10$^{11}$ μm$^2$ then if there are 2×10$^8$ minicolumns in the neocortex then each is 635 μm$^2$, giving a diameter of 28 μm (if the cortex area were doubled to the commonly quoted value, this would rise to 40 μm). Johansson and Lansner do a similar calculation and arrive at 36 μm (p51, last para).
Downwards projecting axons in minicolumns are ≈10 μm in diameter, periodicity and density similar to those within the cortex, but not necessarily coincident.
# Gold (Sir Sly EP)

Gold is the debut extended play by Los Angeles–based indie pop band, Sir Sly. It was released through Interscope Records on May 21, 2013.

## Track listing

* "Where I'm Going" – 3:19
* "Gold" – 3:51
* "Found You Out" – 3:37
* "Ghost" – 3:38
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Apes On Tape | Positive |
# Samantha Scott-Blackhall

Samantha Scott-Blackhall is a Singaporean theatre director. Her 2006 production of Quills won Best Production of the Year at the Life! Theatre Awards.

## Early life and education

Scott-Blackhall is the daughter of child psychologist Carol Balhetchet and the sister of designer Chelsea Scott-Blackhall. She studied at Flinders University in Adelaide, South Australia, and obtained her degree in drama and directing from the university in 2002.

## Career

In 2003, Scott-Blackhall directed the plays Popcorn, Agnes of God and The Deep Blue Sea. In the following year, she directed the plays Dead Certain, a psychological thriller, Harold Pinter's The Lover and The Dumb Waiter, and The Physicists. In 2005, she received three nominations for Best Director at the 2005 Life! Theatre Awards for The Physicists, The Lover and the Dumb Waiter and Dead Certain. She won Best Director for The Physicists. In 2005, she directed Modern Dance for Beginners.
In 2006, she directed the plays Doubt: A Parable, Death and the Maiden, Quills, The Car and 41 Hours. Quills won Best Production of the Year at the 2006 Life! Theatre Awards. In 2007, she directed an adaptation of the novel Lord of the Flies, as well as Everything but the Brain, Real Men, Fake Orgasms and Hitting (On) Women. In 2008, she directed the all-Eurasian play Mama's Wedding, as well as Apocalypse: Live! and Das Experiment: Black Box. In 2009, she directed the plays Manhood, Singapore Love Letters, The Vampire Monologues and Streetwalkers. In 2010, she directed the plays Ma Goes Home, Perfecting Prata and Behold Cravings.
In 2012, she directed an adaptation of Freud's Last Session. She was nominated for Best Director at the 2013 Life! Theatre Awards for her work on the play. In 2013, she directed the play 8 Women. In 2014, she directed the plays A Wedding, A Funeral & Lucky, the Fish and Stand Behind the Yellow Line – Garisan Kuning. In 2018, she directed the plays Red and Souvenir.
Scott-Blackhall has also taught at the LASALLE College of the Arts.
# Afrogyrorbis natalensis

Afrogyrorbis natalensis is a species of gastropods belonging to the family Planorbidae.
The species is found in Africa.
# List of Maldivian presidential candidates

This is a list of Maldivian presidential candidates. The first Maldivian presidential election was held in 1952, which was the first Republic. The first republic was later abolished. The Second Republic was started in 1968, and the first presidential election of the Second Republic was in the same year.

## List

| Year | # | Candidate | Party | Vice Presidential candidate | Votes | Result |
| 1952 | — | Mohamed Amin Didi | RMP | Ibrahim Mohamed | Un­known | Won |
| 1968 | — | Ibrahim Nasir | IND | Abdul Sattar Moosa | Un­known | Won |
| 1973 | — | Ibrahim Nasir | IND | Ibrahim Shihab | Un­known | Won |
| 1978 | — | Maumoon Abdul Gayoom | IND | 01.2 Vacant; No Vice president | Un­known | Won |
| 1983 | — | Maumoon Abdul Gayoom | IND | 01.2 Vacant; No Vice president | 57,913 | Won |
| 1988 | — | Maumoon Abdul Gayoom | IND | 01.2 Vacant; No Vice president | 69,373 | Won |
| 1993 | — | Maumoon Abdul Gayoom | IND | 01.2 Vacant; No Vice president | Un­known | Won |
| 1998 | — | Maumoon Abdul Gayoom | IND | 01.2 Vacant; No Vice president | 86,504 | Won |
| 2003 | — | Maumoon Abdul Gayoom | DRP | 01.2 Vacant; No Vice president | 102,909 | Won |
| 2008 | 1 | Qasim Ibrahim | JP | Ahmed Ali Sawaad | 27,056 | Lost |
| 2008 | 2 | Maumoon Abdul Gayoom | DRP | Ahmed Thasmeen Ali | 71,731 (First Round) 82,121 (Second Round) | Lost |
| 2008 | 3 | Hassan Saeed | IND | Ahmed Shaheed | 29,633 | Lost |
| 2008 | 4 | Mohamed Nasheed | MDP | Mohamed Waheed Hassan | 44,293 (First Round) 97,222 (Second Round) | Won |
| 2008 | 5 | Ibrahim Ismail | SLP | Fathimath Nahid Shakir | 1,382 | Lost |
| 2008 | 6 | Umar Naseer | IDP | Ahmed Rizwy | 2,472 | Lost |
| 2013 | 1 | Qasim Ibrahim | JP | Hassan Saeed | 48,131 | Lost |
| 2013 | 2 | Mohamed Waheed Hassan | GIP | Ahmed Thasmeen Ali | 10,750 | Lost |
| 2013 | 3 | Abdulla Yameen | PPM | Mohamed Jameel Ahmed | 61,278 (First Round) 111,203 (Second Round) | Won |
| 2013 | 4 | Mohamed Nasheed | MDP | Mustafa Lutfi | 96,764 (First Round) 105,181 (Second Round) | Lost |
| 2018 | 1 | Abdulla Yameen | PPM | Mohamed Shaheem | 96,052 | Lost |
| 2018 | 2 | Ibrahim Mohamed Solih | MDP | Faisal Naseem | 134,705 | Won |
| 2023 | 1 | Umar Naseer | IND | Maaz Saleem | 6,343 | Lost |
| 2023 | 2 | Hassan Zameel | IND | Mariyam Aleem | 327 | Lost |
| 2023 | 3 | Ibrahim Mohamed Solih | MDP | Mohamed Aslam | 86,161 (First Round) 109,868 (Second Round) | Lost |
| 2023 | 4 | Mohamed Muizzu | PNC | Hussain Mohamed Latheef | 101,635 (First Round) 129,159 (Second Round) | Won |
| 2023 | 5 | Qasim Ibrahim | JP | Ameen Ibrahim | 5,460 | Lost |
| 2023 | 6 | Ahmed Faris Maumoon | IND | Abdul Sattar Yoosuf | 2,979 | Lost |
| 2023 | 7 | Ilyas Labeeb | TD | Hussain Amr | 15,839 | Lost |
| 2023 | 8 | Mohamed Nazim | MNP | Ahmed Adheel Naseer | 1,907 | Lost |
# Apostolepis nigroterminata

Apostolepis nigroterminata, commonly known as the Peru blackhead or the Peru burrowing snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. It is found in Peru, Brazil, and Bolivia.
# Yumaklı

Yumaklı may refer to:
* Yumaklı, Çerkeş
* Yumaklı, Kütahya, a village in the Merkez (Central) district of Kütahya Province, Turkey
* Yumaklı, Yenipazar
# Lasioglossum tarponense

Lasioglossum tarponense is a species of sweat bee in the family Halictidae.
# Hank Small

Henry N. Small (born April 25, 1947) is a former American football coach and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania from 1986 to 1993, compiling a record of 47–40–1. Small was athletic director at Charleston Southern University, an NCAA Division I school in Charleston, South Carolina from 2001 to 2018.
Small spent four years as the offensive coordinator at Wake Forest University and also coached at Rutgers University, Florida State University, Princeton University, and Brown University. He also spent a year in the player personnel office of the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL).

## Head coaching record
### College

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| Lehigh Engineers (Patriot League) (1986–1993) ||||||
| 1986 | Lehigh | 5–6 | 2–2 | T–2nd |
| 1987 | Lehigh | 5–5–1 | 3–1–1 | 2nd |
| 1988 | Lehigh | 6–5 | 2–3 | T–3rd |
| 1989 | Lehigh | 5–6 | 1–3 | T–3rd |
| 1990 | Lehigh | 7–4 | 3–2 | T–2nd |
| 1991 | Lehigh | 9–2 | 3–2 | T–2nd |
| 1992 | Lehigh | 3–8 | 2–3 | T–4th |
| 1993 | Lehigh | 7–4 | 4–1 | 1st |
| Lehigh: | Lehigh: | 75–38–2 | 20–17 | |
| Total: | Total: | 75–38–2 | | |
# Cortical pseudolaminar necrosis

Cortical pseudolaminar necrosis, also known as cortical laminar necrosis and simply laminar necrosis, is the death of cells in the cerebral cortex of the brain in a band-like pattern, with a relative preservation of cells immediately adjacent to the meninges.
It is seen in the context of cerebral hypoxic-ischemic insults, e.g. status epilepticus, strokes.
Histologically, grey matter is more vulnerable than white matter to necrosis due to lack of oxygen. The third layer of the grey matter is the most vulnerable. Damage is greater in the sulci when compared to gyri of the brain.
When seen on CT scan, it shows hyperdensity in the surface of the cortex. Cortical enhancement is seen after two weeks, with maximum intensity at one to two months, and resolved after six months.
On MRI scans, early changes show low T1 intensity due to ischemic changes. There is high T1 intensity due to accumulation of neuronal damage, reactive tissue changes, and deposition of fat-laden macrophages.
# Gold (Sister Sparrow album)

Gold is Sister Sparrow's fourth studio album, released on October 12, 2018 on Thirty Tigers. The album came after the band took a break while the lead singer, Arleigh Kincheloe, had a son in 2017.
# James H. Jones (North Carolina politician)

James Henry Jones (died April 8, 1921) was a personal servant, coachman, contractor, deputy sheriff, firefighter, and courier. He worked for Jefferson Davis and served as an alderman in Raleigh, North Carolina. He was a Republican.
He was a delegate to the 1865 Colored Men's Convention held in Raleigh and served in the Union League. He married and had two sons.
# Irja Askola

Irja Kaarina Askola (born 18 December 1952 in Lappeenranta, Finland) is the former Bishop of Helsinki. She was the first female Finnish bishop in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland.
Askola was the Bishop of Helsinki from 2010 to 2017.

## Early life and career

Askola first became involved with the Church as a child after the early death of her father. She started her theological studies at the University of Helsinki 1971 and continued them as an academic research assistant until 1981. In 1982 she was named the editor-in-chief of Vartija magazine together with Simo Knuuttila.
She graduated as Master of Theology in 1975, and was ordained as a priest in 1988.
Askola has worked as an executive secretary for the Conference of European Churches, based in Geneva, Switzerland from 1991 to 1999. She has also worked as a Special Advisor in Theological Affairs to the Bishop Mikko Heikka.
She was elected Bishop of Helsinki in June 2010 as successor to Eero Huovinen; she was chosen on the second round of the election with 591 votes.

## Episcopacy

Askola was installed on 12 September 2010 by the Archbishop of Turku, Kari Mäkinen. He was assisted by other bishops from Finland (Matti Repo and Mikko Heikka from the Diocese of Espoo); Norway (Olav Skjevesland); Denmark (Elisabeth Dons Christensen) and Namibia (Thomas Shivute). The Anglican Co-Consecrator was Edward Darling, the former Bishop of Limerick in the Church of Ireland.
Her consecration was attended by other women who are bishops — from Sweden, Germany and Denmark, and David Hamid, the Anglican Suffragan Bishop in Europe. Several Finnish public figures were also present, including President Tarja Halonen and Prime Minister Mari Kiviniemi.
In June 2013, Askola consecrated a same-sex couple for missionary work for the first time in Finland. Hundreds of conservative Finns resigned from the church in protest during the following days.

## Views

Askola is considered as a liberal; for example she supports same-sex marriage. She also said she wants to welcome more same-sex couples for Church blessings, but that no pastors would be compelled to do so In an interview given to YLE, Askola said she would practice "a dialogue with society", and that the Church must address such issues as current social inequalities and racial intolerance.
# Larry Doyle (footballer)

Larry Doyle was an Irish footballer who played for Dolphin and St James's Gate.
He won a junior cap for Ireland in 1927 and he also played for the Ireland senior football team on just one occasion when appeared at left back in a 5–0 defeat to Spain in Dalymount Park, Dublin on 13 December 1931.

## Honours

* League of Ireland
** Winner: 1934–35: 1
** Runner Up: 1935–36: 1
* Dublin City Cup
** 1934-35: 1
* Leinster Senior League
** 1929-30, 1930-31: 2
* Leinster Senior Cup
** Winner: 1931-32: 1
** Runner Up: 1930–31, 1932–33: 2
* FAI Cup : 1
** Winner:1937–38
** Runner Up: 1931–32, 1932–33: 2
* League of Ireland Shield
** Runner Up: 1934–35: 1
# Abolloptera

Abolloptera is a genus of planthoppers with only one species, Abolloptera bistriata. It is found in Texas and north-eastern Mexico.
# Cosmodome

The Cosmodome (French: Cosmodôme) is a space science museum and education centre located in Laval, Quebec, Canada. Cosmodome is the home to both Space Camp Canada and the Space Science Centre (a museum). Space Camp Canada welcomed its first campers in July 1994 while the Space Science Centre opened its doors to the public in December 1994.

## History

The Cosmodome opened in 1994, but was facing bankruptcy by 1997. It was rescued in March 1997 by a $11.9-million government bailout.

## The Space Science Centre

The Space Science Centre is the only museum in Canada dedicated solely to the space sciences and houses one of two lunar rocks on display in Canada. The one featured was retrieved by astronaut James Irwin on the Apollo 15 mission.

## Space Camp Canada

Space Camp Canada features 6 space simulators, described below. Each is designed to help the space camp trainee understand the difficulties of working in space.

### 1/6th Chair

The 1/6th chair simulates lunar gravity by suspending the user in a chair connected to a series of springs on a rail which allows for movement in an allotted area. A trainee's challenge on the 1/6 chair is to pick up objects from the ground while bouncing.

### Zero G Wall

The Wall of Weightlessness, also known as the Zero G Wall, uses a counterbalance to suspend the trainee in mid air. By filling the counterbalance with water until its weight is approximately that of the trainee, the trainee is free to move in the 3 translational directions. Missions are usually given to trainees to heighten the experience and generally consist of interacting, in one way or another, with a mock-satellite suspended in proximity to the wall.

### Space Station Mobility Trainer (SSMT)

The SSMT was a device conceived with exercise while on-orbit in mind. It consists of a circular jogging pad in which a special chair and harness has been fitted. Once seated, the trainee may run freely forwards and backwards, rotating along the axis of the pad.

### Manned Maneuvering Unit

The Manned Maneuvering Unit simulates the NASA vehicle of the same name. By forcing compressed air out of rubber pads, the Space Camp MMU functions as a hovercraft, and is hence able to move with little resistance. A series of motors controlled via user input allow for horizontal translations and rotations, and a large gear and hydraulic pump allow for 360 degree roll and 30 degree pitch respectively.

### Multi-Axis Chair

A trainee is strapped to the multi-axis chair which spins on three axes, disorientating its occupant. The trainee's challenge at the multi-axis chair is to read words, identify images, and do other tasks while rolling in three dimensions simultaneously.

## Affiliations

The Museum is affiliated with: CMA, CHIN, and Virtual Museum of Canada.
# Gold King Creek Airport

Gold King Creek Airport (ICAO: PAAN, FAA LID: AK7) is a public-use airport located at 64°11′53″N 147°55′43″W﻿ / ﻿64.19806°N 147.92861°W﻿ / 64.19806; -147.92861. It is 39 nautical miles (45 mi, 72 km) southeast of Fairbanks, Alaska, and is owned by the State of Alaska DOT&PF.

## Facilities and aircraft

Gold King Creek Airport covers an area of 30 acres (12 ha) at an elevation of 1,720 feet (524 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 9/27 with a gravel and dirt surface measuring 2,558 by 17 feet (780 x 5 m). For the 12-month period ending December 31, 2005, the airport had 50 general aviation aircraft operations, an average of 4 per month.
# Samuel Lane (painter)

Samuel Lane (1780–1859) was an English portrait-painter.

## Life

The son of Samuel and Elizabeth Lane, he was born at King's Lynn on 26 July 1780. After a childhood accident he became deaf and partially dumb. He studied under Joseph Farington and then under Sir Thomas Lawrence who employed him as assistant.
Lane first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1804, secured a large practice, and was a constant contributor for more than fifty years, sending in all 217 works. He lived in London at 60 Greek Street, Soho until 1853, and then retired to Ipswich; he sent his last contribution to the academy in 1857. He died at Ipswich on 29 July 1859.

## Works

His portraits included: Lord George Bentinck for the King's Lynn Guildhall; James Saumarez, 1st Baron de Saumarez for the United Service Club; Sir George Pollock and Sir John Malcolm for the Oriental Club; Charles Gordon-Lennox, 5th Duke of Richmond; Charles Blomfield, bishop of London; Thomas Clarkson for Wisbech Town Hall; Philip Broke for the East Suffolk Hospital; Thomas Coke, for the Norwich Corn Exchange; Luke Hansard for the Stationers' Company; Thomas Telford, Edmond Wodehouse, General William Loftus (MP), his wife Lady Elizabeth Loftus, George Manby and other prominent persons. Lane was known for truthful likenesses; many of them were engraved by Charles Turner, Samuel William Reynolds, William Ward, and others.
# William le Palmer

William le Palmer was an English Member of Parliament (MP).
He was a Member of the Parliament of England for Leicester in 1307 and 1314.
# Addison Cresswell (politician)

Addison John Baker Cresswell (1 October 1788 – 5 May 1879) was a British Conservative politician.
Cresswell was elected Conservative Member of Parliament for North Northumberland at the 1841 general election but was unseated at the next election in 1847. He was the elder brother of lawyer Sir Cresswell Cresswell.
# Arcas (disambiguation)

Arcas is a figure in Greek mythology.
Arcas may also refer to:
* Arcas, an epithet of the Greek god Hermes
* Arkas (comics), Greek comics artist
* Arcas, Cuenca, a municipality in Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain
* Arcas (Macedo de Cavaleiros), a Portuguese parish
* Arcas (rocket), a sounding rocket
* Arcas (butterfly), a genus of butterflies
* Arcas (crater), a crater on Jupiter's moon Callisto
# Yu Dan

Yu Dan may refer to:
* Yu Dan (academic) (born 1965), Chinese academic
* Yu Dan (sport shooter) (born 1987), Chinese sports shooter
# Crassispira suffecta

Crassispira suffecta is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae, the turrids and allies.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 28 mm.

## Distribution

Fossils have been found in Eocene strata in the Paris Basin, France.