OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of Tamil flags

This is a list of historical and modern flags used by the Tamil people.

## Modern Tamil flags
### Indian Tamil flags

| Name | Image | Description |
| Banner of the Government of Tamil Nadu | | The banner of the Government of Tamil Nadu depicts the Emblem of Tamil Nadu displayed on a white field. The emblem consists of the National Emblem of India flanked on either side by an Indian flag. Behind the national emblem, is the image of a Gopuram tower based on the West Tower of Srivilliputhur Andal Temple. |

### Sri Lankan Tamil flags

| Name | Image | Description |
| Sri Lankan Tamil Ethnic flag | | The Sri Lankan Tamils use a horizontally split flag in red and yellow. These colors are considered as the national colors of the unrecognized state of Tamil Eelam. |
| Flag of Tamil Eelam | | Another famous flag of the Sri Lankan Tamils is the flag of Tamil Eelam, the Puli Kodi (tiger flag). The flag has emblem depicting a tiger jumping through a circle of bullets, with crossed black bayonets on a red background. This flag has its origin from the Tamil separation movement in Sri Lanka. The tiger symbol was adopted from the emblem of the Chola Empire, it should reflect the martial history (Veera varalaru) and the national upheaval of the Tamils. The crossed bayonets were based on the historical crossed sword emblem of Vannimai and represent the armed resistance. This flag was created by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) in 1977 and was later in 1990 designated as the National flag of Tamil Eelam. Today, the flag is often seen in Tamil diaspora protests all over the world. |

## Historical Tamil flags

| State | Flag | Description |
| Chera Dynasty | Bow and Arrow | The Chera kings had the title Villavar Kon, as the Villavar clan founded the ancient Chera Kingdom. Villavar means archer in Tamil. |
| Chola Dynasty | Pouncing Tiger | The tiger flag of Chola is mentioned in the Periya Puranam. |
| Pandya Dynasty | Twin fish | According to legend, the goddess Meenakshi was born as the daughter of a Pandya king. Her eyes had the shape of a fish and resemble the emblem of the Pandyas. |
| Pallava Dynasty | bull and lion | The Pallava royal insignia was the (lion) and (bull) which was changeable. Narashimavarman used the lion as his emblem and Nandivarman preferred the Nandi. Under the reign of Parameswaravarman was Khatvanga (Skull mace) added to Pallava emblem. |
| Ay Kingdom | Elephant | The Cheras took over the elephant emblem after the conquest of Ay Kingdom. |
| Jaffna kingdom | bull | The emblem of Aryacakravartis depicting a white Nandi surrounded by conch, parasol, sun and moon on a traditional saffron background. The Aryachakravtis of Jaffna are allegedly to be related to the Chodaganga Dynasty of Kalinga, both share a similar royal emblem. |
| Vanniar (Chieftain) | Crossed Swords | The flag of Pandara Vanniyan, the last Tamil ruler of Vannimai, was "Crossed Swords". |
| Pudukkottai state | Lion | The emblem of Pudukkottai state was a lion with the Hanuman flag in its right fore paw on a green background. |
# Thorpe Marriott

Thorpe Marriott is a residential area in Norfolk, England covering part of Taverham and Drayton parishes. Much of its housing was built during the latter quarter of the 20th century.
It enjoys the amenities of both parishes, which are easily accessible from Fakenham Road (A1047). Although lacking its own school, surgery, post office or chemist, Thorpe Marriott holds a church and the Otter public house. Marriott's Way passes through it.

## History

Broadland District Council first earmarked the 380 acre site for development in 1986. By 1994, 1,500 homes had been built, with plans for the residence of around 5,200 people once the project was to be finished. The plans included a mix of house styles including family houses, two bedroom terraces and bungalows.
In 2005, the landlord of The Otter pub in Thorpe Marriott campaigned to gain a drinks licence extension to open later on Saint George's Day by designating it as a national holiday, but this was refused by a high court judge.
A mural of Grogu and the Mandalorian was created at a park in the area in 2023. Plans for the building of 1,530 new homes as well as a pub, a primary school, a medical centre, and shops on farmland on the edge of Thorpe Marriott, near the Norwich Northern Distributor Road were recommended in December that year.

## Marriott's Way

Passing through the development is Marriott's Way, a long distance footpath, bridleway and cycle route which forms part of National Cycle Route 1.
# Thomas W. Greelish

Thomas William Greelish (December 31, 1939 – June 23, 1991) was an American lawyer who served as United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey from 1985 to 1987.

## Biography

Greelish was born on December 31, 1939, in Manhattan, New York City to Mildred and William Greelish. At the age of 7 he moved with his family to Califon, New Jersey. He attended Dickinson College from 1957 to 1959 and then dropped out of college and worked at a brewery. He decided to return to school full-time, attending night classes and graduating from Rutgers–Newark in 1967 with a B.A. degree. He received a J.D. degree from Seton Hall University School of Law in 1971.
Greelish worked as law secretary to U.S. District Judge Frederick Bernard Lacey in 1971. Later that year, he began working in the office of the United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey. He was an assistant prosecutor under U.S. Attorney Herbert Jay Stern, serving in that position until 1976.
In 1976 he joined the Morristown law firm of Schenck, Price, Smith & King. He became First Assistant Attorney General of New Jersey in 1982, and then first assistant U.S. Attorney in 1983 under W. Hunt Dumont.
From August 1985 to March 1987, Greelish was the U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey. During his tenure he prosecuted cases dealing with organized crime, white-collar fraud and drug trafficking. Among the cases he handled was the prosecution of Susan Rosenberg and Timothy Blunk for their role in the Resistance Conspiracy.
He resigned to enter private practice, working as a partner in the Newark office of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Leiby & MacRae (later known as LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae).
In 1991 Greelish died of an apparent heart attack after attending an outdoor symphony performance in Morristown, New Jersey. He was 51 and lived in Mendham Township with his wife Peggy Ann.

## Legacy

He was survived by his wife Peggy, daughter Sharon Greelish Cody, J.D. (Partnership Manager at Harbor Compliance), and son James P. Greelish, M.D.(Assistant Professor Columbia University, Director of Cardiothoracic Surgery Caromont Healthcare, Inc.). His other son William Robert Greelish died of Duchene's muscular dystrophy at the age of 25.
# Thorius minutissimus

Thorius minutissimus is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Mexico. It is known only from one site near Santo Tomás Teipan in the Sierra Madre del Sur of Oaxaca, in pine–oak forest at 2,458 meters elevation. Its extent of occurrence (EOO) is 10 km$^2$, which represents the single location.
It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Bärbel Schäfer

Bärbel Schäfer (born 16 December 1963) is a German television presenter and talk show host.

## Life

Schäfer works in Germany as television presenter and talk show host. In 2004 Schäfer married Michel Friedman in Eschborn, only shortly after Friedman was convicted in a case involving forced prostitution and drug usage. In her 2005 novel "Wer, wenn nicht er?" (Who if not he?) she loosely reflects on her mixed emotions concerning her marriage with Friedman the previous year.

## Works

* together with Susanne Luerweg: Wer, wenn nicht er? Roman, 2005, ISBN 3-453-29007-0
* together with Monika Schuck: Ich wollte mein Leben zurück. Rütten & Loening, 2006, ISBN 3-352-00658-X
* together with Susanne Luerweg: Schaumküsse. Diana Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-453-29022-8
* together with Monika Schuck: Die besten Jahre: Frauen erzählen vom Älterwerden. Kiepenheuer Verlag, 2008 ISBN 3-378-01091-6
* together with Monika Schuck: Das Glücksgeheimnis: Paare erzählen vom Gelingen ihrer Liebe. Kiepenheuer Verlag, 2009 ISBN 3-378-01102-5

## Awards

* Goldene Kamera for talk show Bärbel Schäfer
# Scott Matheson

Scott Matheson may refer to:
* Scott Milne Matheson Sr. (1897–1958), US Attorney for Utah 1949–1953
* Scott M. Matheson (1929–1990) son of the above, governor of Utah 1977–1985
* Scott Matheson Jr. (born 1953) son of the above, US Attorney for Utah from 1993–1997, currently a judge on the 10th United States Circuit Court
# Glipa baeri

Glipa baeri is a species of beetle in the genus Glipa. It was described in 1917.
# Voulton

Voulton (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.

## Demographics

Inhabitants of Voulton are called Voultonais.
# Administration of Ryukyu Islands

Administration of Ryukyu( Island)s may refer to the following (historical) jurisdictions,
on the Ryukyu Islands in southern Japan :
* United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands
* Apostolic Administration of Ryukyus (now Roman Catholic Diocese of Naha)
# Heaven Garcia

Heaven Garcia (born June 8, 2000) is an American boxer. She competed at the 2018 AIBA Youth World Boxing Championships, winning the gold medal in the women's flyweight event. She also competed at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics, winning the bronze medal in the girls' flyweight event.
# Víctor Manuel Tinoco Rubí

Víctor Manuel Tinoco Rubí is a Mexican politician, member of Institutional Revolutionary Party, and Governor of Michoacán from 1996 to 2002.
Víctor Manuel Tinoco was elected Senator from Michoacán for LV and LVI Legislatures from 1991 to 1997, but in 1995 he left to the position and he was nominated as candidate of PRI for Governor of Michoacán, the elections of that year were extremely competed, facing candidates Cristóbal Arias Solís of the PRD and Felipe Calderón of the PAN, Michoacán came from a conflicting election in 1992 when the candidate who officially gained the victory, Eduardo Villaseñor Peña of the PRI, had had to resign two weeks after assuming the position before the protests of Arias PRD members who demanded the victory for Cristóbal, finally Tinoco obtained a triumph of approximately five percentage points over Arias, whom nevertheless defeat recognized never, protesting again electoral fraud.
# Adalbert d'Uzès

Aldebert d'Uzès et de Posquières or Adalbert d'Uzès et de Posquières was a bishop of Nîmes from 1141 to 1180. He was the son of Raymond Décan de Posquières d'Uzès and Marie d'Uzès. During his long reign, he sought to oppose the growth of Catharism within his diocese. In 1165 he was one of the participants in the debate between Catholics and Cathars at Lombers.
# Adesmus urubu

Adesmus urubu is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Galileo and Martins in 1999. It is known from Brazil.
# William Edward de Winton

William Edward de Winton (6 September 1856 – 30 August 1922) was a British zoologist. He traveled widely, and discovered a number of previously undescribed cricetid species. His East Africa photo collection, from the late 1890s, is kept at the London Natural History Museum.
# Admire, Pennsylvania

Admire is an unincorporated community in York County, Pennsylvania, United States.
# Adelborg

Adelborg is a Swedish noble family, which consists of two different lines. The older main line is descended from the burgher and brewer in Gothenburg Anders Eriksson, who died before February 1688. His son was the customs controller in Helsingborg Lars Andersson Borgh, who died 1719. His grandsons were the adjutant and later Captain Eric Otto Borgh (1741–1787) and his older brother Johan Borgh (1736–1805), who were ennobled 13 September 1772 at Stockholm Palace by King Gustavus III of Sweden with the name Adelborg, and were introduced 9 May 1776 at Riddarhuset as noble family number 2090.
The younger, non-related line is descended from the yard bailiff Lars Joensson in Långåker in Fredsberg. His son was the mountain bailiff Peter Larsson Borgh (1651–1692). His great-grandson Johan Aron Borgh (1742-28 September 1785), was ennobled at the same time as the above-mentioned brothers, 13 September 1772 with the same name and was introduced at Riddarhuset the same day as them, but died childless, making his line extinct.
The main line is of the same origin as the extinct noble Swedish family Borg, number 1570.

## Family members

* Erik Otto Borgh (1741–1787), Swedish Army captain, ennobled Adelborg in 1772
** Per Otto Adelborg (1781–1818), military and artist
*** Bror Jacob Adelborg (1816–1865), naval officer and artist, brother of Anders Otto
**** Maria Adelborg (1849–1940), a textile artist, daughter of Bror Jacob, sister of Ottilia and Gertrud
**** Gertrud Adelborg (1853–1942), politician, sister of Ottilia and Maria
**** Ottilia Adelborg (1855–1936), artist, sister of Maria and Gertrud
*** Anders Otto Adelborg (1811–1862), Swedish Army captain, brother of Bror Jacob
**** Otto Ehrenfrid Adelborg (1845–1900), Swedish Army captain
***** Fredrik Adelborg (1886–1948), Consul General, the brother of Gustaf-Otto and Louise
***** Gustaf-Otto Adelborg (1883–1965), writer, grandson of Per Otto Adelborg, brother of Fredrik and Louise
***** Louise Adelborg (1885–1971), a designer and textile artist, sister of Gustaf-Otto and Fredrik
* This biography of a member of the Swedish royal house is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Vox Populi (TV series)

Vox Populi was a weekly current affairs program broadcast by the Australian public broadcaster Special Broadcasting Service television channel "SBS TV" (now SBS One).
The program first went to air in July 1986. Vox Populi was broadcast for nine years. The program's first presenter was journalist Vladimir Lusic. In 1990 he was replaced as presenter by Rhoda Roberts. Roberts was the first indigenous Australian to present a prime time current affairs program.
# W24

W24 may refer to:
* W24 (band), a South Korean band
* British NVC community W24, an underscrub community in the British National Vegetation Classification system
* Burduna language
* Compound of five tetrahedra
* LSWR O2 Class W24 Calbourne, a locomotive
* Mercedes-Benz W24, a German sedan
* W24 engine, an engine with twenty-four cylinders
* Wanderer W24, a German sedan
* Witt design, a block design in combinatorics
# Heiligenberg (Naumburg)

Heiligenberg is a mountain of Hesse, Germany. It is located between Altendorf to the north and Heimarshausen to the south of the Naumburgh township in the district of Kassel. It lies in the East Waldeck Border Lowlands (Ostwaldecker Randsenken) of the West Hesse Highlands (Westhessisches Bergland), and is covered with a mixed deciduous and evergreen forest. It lies within the Habichtswald Nature Park. The Elbe, a northern tributary of the Eder, runs east past the mountain.
On the southeast flank of the Heiligenberg, at 318.2 m, is the giant stone of Heimarshausen (Riesenstein von Heimarshausen), a roughly 9 m high, jagged and white-red sandstone rock, which in prehistoric times was a site of sacrifice, a place of worship and an observatory and is today designated as a natural monument.
# Admiral of the Blue

Admiral of the Blue was a senior rank of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom, immediately outranked by the rank Admiral of the White (see order of precedence below). From 1688 to 1805 this rank was in order of precedence third; after 1805 it was the fourth. In 1864 it was abolished as a promotional rank. The command flag for an Admiral of the Blue is a plain blue flag.

## History

The Navy Royal inaugurated squadron colours during the reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603) to subdivide the English fleet into three squadrons. There were three classes of admirals and differentiated by using coloured flags. In 1620 the official flag ranks of admiral, vice admiral, and rear admiral were legally established that arose directly out of the organisation of the fleet into three parts. In 1688 the formal flag rank of Admiral of the Fleet was created.
The Admiral of the Blue was a senior rank of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom, immediately outranked by the rank Admiral of the White (see order of precedence below). Royal Navy officers currently holding the ranks of commodore, rear admiral, vice admiral and admiral of the fleet are sometimes considered generically to be admirals. From 1688 to 1805 this rank was in order of precedence third; after 1805 it was the fourth. In 1864 it was abolished as a promotional rank.

## Order of precedence Admirals of the Colour

The Navy was divided into three squadrons White, Blue and Red, in order of seniority. Admirals were appointed to these squadrons and therefore their rank and squadron split the seniority originally into 9 bands then later 10 with ‘Admiral of the Fleet' as senior to all others.
Seniority was therefore from 1805 to 1864:
* Admiral of the Fleet
* Admiral of the Red Squadron (rank created in 1805)
* Admiral of the White Squadron
* Admiral of the Blue Squadron
* Vice-Admiral of the Red Squadron
* Vice-Admiral of the White Squadron
* Vice-Admiral of the Blue Squadron
* Rear-Admiral of the Red Squadron
* Rear-Admiral of the White Squadron
* Rear-Admiral of the Blue Squadron
Seniority was therefore from 1624 to 1805:
* Admiral of the Fleet, (rank created in 1688)
* Admiral of the White Squadron
* Admiral of the Blue Squadron
* Vice-Admiral of the Red Squadron
* Vice-Admiral of the White Squadron
* Vice-Admiral of the Blue Squadron
* Rear-Admiral of the Red Squadron
* Rear-Admiral of the White Squadron
* Rear-Admiral of the Blue Squadron
Admirals without an appointment were colloquially referred to as Yellow Admirals. Ships of the Royal Navy flew the Ensign that coincided with the squadron of their commanding officer.
# William Cocke (politician)

William Cocke (1672 – 1720) was an English politician and doctor in the early 1700s. He was among the first university-trained doctors in Colony of Virginia.

## Early life

William Cocke was born in Sudbury, Suffolk County, England in 1672. He graduated from Queens’ College, University of Cambridge in 1693.

## Career

Cocke arrived in Williamsburg, Virginia in 1710, opening a medical practice and servingas the personal physician of Lieutenant Governor Alexander Spotswood. Cocke quickly became "an important force" in the politics of the Colony of Virginia. On June 10, 1712, Spotswood took advantage of the departure of the former governor Edmund Jenings and made Cocke secretary of the colony. In August 1713, the Virginia leadership appointed Cocke to fill the vacant seat on the Virginia Governor's Council.
In 1714, Cocke was one of three Privy Council members who helped the House of Burgesses draft a bill congratulating the new king George I on gaining the throne of Great Britain. From the summer of 1716 to the spring of 1718, Cocke was London, England, in part to address the Board of Trade on behalf of the colony. On October 22, 1720, Coocke was addressing a session of the General Court in Williamsburg and collapsed onto William Byrd II and died.

## Personal life

Cocke's wife, Elisabeth Catesby, was the daughter of English naturalist Mark Catesby. Their daughter Anne Cocke married Major William Woodford in 1722. Their grandson, William Woodford, was a general in the Revolutionary War.
Cocke died on October 22, 1720, in Williamsburg. He was buried under the floor of the Bruton Parish Church in Williamsburg. After Cocke's death, his wife eventually married John Holloway, speaker of the House of Burgesses.
# Vriesea castaneobulbosa

Vriesea castaneobulbosa is a plant species in the genus Vriesea, native to Costa Rica.
# Admiral Fleming

Admiral Fleming may refer to:
* Clas Larsson Fleming (1592–1644), Royal Swedish Navy vice admiral
* Erik Fleming (councilor) (1487–1548), Finnish-born Royal Swedish Navy admiral
* Henrik Fleming (1584–1650), Royal Swedish Navy vice admiral
* Klaus Fleming (1535–1597), Finnish-born Royal Swedish Navy admiral
# Admiral Ford

Admiral Ford may refer to:
* John Ford (1894–1973), U.S. Navy rear admiral
* John Ford (Royal Navy officer) (died 1796), British Royal Navy vice admiral
* John D. Ford (1840–1918), U.S. Navy rear admiral
* Wilbraham Ford (1880–1964), British Royal Navy vice admiral
# Admiral Franklin

Admiral Franklin may refer to:
* John Franklin (1786–1847), British Royal Navy rear admiral
* Samuel Rhoads Franklin (1825–1909), U.S. Navy rear admiral
# Admiral Foote

Admiral Foote may refer to:
* Andrew Hull Foote (1806–1863), U.S. Navy rear admiral
* Edward Foote (1767–1833), British Royal Navy vice admiral
* Percy Wright Foote (1879–1961), U.S. Navy rear admiral
# Helen Piwnica-Worms

Helen Margaret Piwnica-Worms (born 1957) is an American cell-cycle researcher. Since 2013, she has served as vice provost of science at the MD Anderson Cancer Center and professor in MD Anderson's Department of Cancer Biology.

## Early life and education

Piwnica-Worms was born in 1957. She received her undergraduate degree in biology from St. Olaf College in 1979 and a Ph.D. in microbiology and immunology from Duke University.

## Career

After completing her postdoctoral training at the Dana–Farber Cancer Institute (1988), she held a non-tenure track instructor position at Dana–Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard University (1988-1989). Piwnica-Worms joined the faculty at Tufts University School of Medicine (1989-1992). Between 1992 and 1994, she was an associate professor at Dana-Farber and Harvard. In 1994, she moved to Washington University in St. Louis (WashU) who were recruiting experts in cell cycle control. She was subsequently appointed the Gerty T. Cori Professor and Chair of Cell Biology and Physiology and Professor of Internal Medicine, and served as the associate director of Basic Science at the Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center. During her tenure at WashU, Piwnica-Worms's research focused on the regulation of the human cell division cycle and how perturbation in its control contributes to human cancer. As such, she began testing ways to use CHK1 inhibitors to stop damaged cells from dividing. During this time, Piwnica-Worms was named a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2007.
As a result of her research, Piwnica-Worms was promoted to head of the Department of Cell Biology and Physiology at Washington University School of Medicine in 2011. In 2013, Piwnica-Worms was recruited to join the MD Anderson Cancer Center as their vice provost of science and professor in MD Anderson's Department of Cancer Biology. During this time, she was also elected a member of the National Academy of Medicine for advancing the understanding and treatment of cancer. In 2019, Piwnica-Worms and her research team discovered that triple-negative breast cancer cells could develop resistance to frontline, or neoadjuvant, chemotherapy by transiently turning on molecular pathways that protect the cells.

## Personal life

Piwnica-Worms is married to her high school sweetheart, radiologist, and biochemist David R. Piwnica-Worms. They have a daughter and a son.
# Helen Pitts

Helen Pitts may refer to:
* Helen Pitts Douglass (1838–1903), American suffragist
* Helen Pitts (horse trainer) (born 1974), American racehorse trainer
# Adam Smyth

Adam Charles Smyth (born 16 May 1981) is an English cricketer. Smyth is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium pace. He was born at Coventry, Warwickshire.
Smyth represented the Warwickshire Cricket Board in a single List A match against the Kent Cricket Board in the 2000 NatWest Trophy. In his only List A match, he scored 21 runs, while with the ball he took a single wicket at a cost of 32 runs.
He currently plays club cricket for Kenilworth Wardens Cricket Club in the Birmingham and District Premier League.