OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Archontophoenix myolensis

Archontophoenix myolensis, the Myola palm, is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is endemic to Queensland, Australia. It is threatened by habitat loss. It occurs in the Myola area and the Black Mountain in the Kuranda range in the Atherton Tablelands, Queensland. The total population is seriously threatened by habitat clearance and is estimated to contain fewer than 100 mature trees and remains unprotected. Regeneration is good.

## Distribution

Restricted to an altitudinal range of 350 to 400 m, the species occurs in riverine rainforest on metamorphic rocks on the Barron River near Kuranda, Queensland and in particular near the village of Myola. Invasive weeds have prevented the expansion of the remaining rainforest habitat. Seedlings are washed away by floods.
# Archontophoenix

Archontophoenix is a plant genus comprising six palm species that are native to New South Wales and Queensland in eastern Australia. They are tall, slender and unbranched. Relationships between Archontophoenix and the other genera of subtribe Archontophoenicinae, including the New Caledonia endemic Actinokentia, Chambeyronia and Kentiopsis are unresolved.
Species include:
* Archontophoenix alexandrae (F.Muell.) H.Wendl. & Drude - Alexandra palm, king palm
* Archontophoenix cunninghamiana H.Wendl. & Drude - Bangalow palm, piccabeen palm
* Archontophoenix maxima Dowe
* Archontophoenix myolensis Dowe
* Archontophoenix purpurea Hodel & Dowe - Mount Lewis king palm
* Archontophoenix tuckeri Dowe

## Classification

Subfamily: Arecoideae; Tribe: Areceae; Subtribe: Archontophoenicinae. There are four other genera in the subtribe Archontophoenicinae, namely Actinokentia, Actinorhytis, Chambeyronia, Kentiopsis.
# HMS Mayfly

HMS Mayfly may refer to two vessels of the British Royal Navy named after the mayfly:
* Mayfly, a torpedo boat launched in January 1907, having been named HMS TB 11 whilst under construction; sunk by a naval mine in March 1916
* HMS Mayfly (1915), a Fly-class river gunboat constructed in sections at Yarrow in 1915; lent to the War Department in January 1918; sold at Basra in March 1923
# Hacıalanı, Erdemli

Hacıalanı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Erdemli, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 181 (2022). The village is situated in the peneplane area to the south of the Toros Mountains. The distance to Erdemli is 43 kilometres (27 mi) and the distance to Mersin is 70 kilometres (43 mi).
Because the village is actually a yayla (summer resort) the population sharply increases during the summer to up to 3000. The artificial lake Karakız is to the east of the village. The touristic potential of the village with the Roman ruins as well as cedar forests is promising. But at the present tourism plays no important role in village economy. Its main economic activity is farming, with tomato, cherry, peach, apple and beans being the main crops. Animal breeding is another activity.
# Aripo Savannas

Aripo savannah is a tropical savanna ecosystem in the northeast of Trinidad. It is a rare example of savannas formed due to edaphic factors, i.e. the growth of trees is restricted not by climate but by a shallow layer of clay. This impervious hardpan clay layer restricts the growth of roots and magnifies both seasonal flooding and seasonal drought. These factors combined with regular exposure to the uninterrupted tropical sun make the savannas a hostile environment for most plants and animals.
Although the edaphic layer is distinct, the Aripo savannas is ecologically similar to other tropical hyperseasonal savannas, such as those found within Gran Sabana in Venezuela or Cerrado in Brazil. In fact, some of the dominant grassland species are shared between all three savannas.
The savannas are home to many rare plants, including at least two endemic species: Rhynchospora aripoensis and Xyris grisebachii. They also provides a habitat for several rare and threatened animals. In the past, the area has been exposed to considerable disturbance due to human activity, but the savannas along with the associated Marsh and Palm forests are now protected within the 1,788 hectare Aripo Savannas Environmentally Sensitive Area.
# HSBC Centre

HSBC Centre (Chinese: 滙豐中心; Jyutping: wui6 fung1 zung1 sam1) is an office building of HSBC in Tai Kok Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It consists of a 14-storey and two twin connected 15-storey office towers resting on a 1-level podium with a public transport interchange and a 2-level basement carpark were built.
Formerly Tai Kok Tsui Ferry Pier Bus Terminus, the building was developed by Sino Land in 1998 during the development of Olympian City. Later, Sino sold the office part of the building to HSBC at HK$4 billion. Then HSBC's back office started there in 1999.

## Floor Directory

* Ground Floor (G/F):
** MTR Olympic station public transport interchange;
** MTR Olympic station Exit B and C;
** Building Lobby and main entrance.
* Upper Ground Floor (UG/F):
** Office Lobbies of Tower 1, 2 & 3;
** The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation HSBC Centre Branch
** HSBC Express Banking Centre
** Staff Canteen
** Staff Only Pacific Coffee
** Staff Medical Clinic
** Wayfoong Sports Club (WSC) fitness centre
** Wayfoong Nursery School
** Footbridges to MTR Olympic station and Harbour Green
* 2/F to 18/F: Various Supporting Departments Offices of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation

## Lion statues

For the celebration of the 150th anniversary of HSBC, a pair of lions were re-cast in 2015, modelling on the Hong Kong lions at the HSBC Main Building. They are placed at the lobby of HSBC Centre.
# HSBC Expat

HSBC Expat, formerly HSBC International, is the offshore banking arm and wholly owned by HSBC based in Saint Helier, Jersey, Channel Islands.

## Operations

HSBC Expat focuses on providing finance and cross border services to expatriates and migrants. It offers its global services in over 100 countries.
Its key business operations include multi-currency accounts for easy management of finances across borders, wealth management and investments for international clients, insurance suited to expatriates' needs, international mortgage services, tax planning, and managing global wealth.
# Arlos

Arlos is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.
# Arlon (Chamber of Representatives constituency)

Arlon was a constituency used to elect a single member of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives between 1831 and 1900.

## Representatives

| Election | Representative (Party) | Representative (Party) |
| 1831 | | Jean-Baptiste Nothomb (Liberal) |
| 1833 | | Jean-Baptiste Nothomb (Liberal) |
| 1837 | | Jean-Baptiste Nothomb (Liberal) |
| 1841 | | Jean-Baptiste Nothomb (Liberal) |
| 1845 | | Jean-Baptiste Nothomb (Liberal) |
| 1848 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1852 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1856 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1857 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1861 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1864 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1868 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1870 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1874 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1878 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1882 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1886 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1890 | Victor Tesch (Liberal) |
| 1892 | | Alphonse Nothomb (Catholic) |
| 1894 | | Camille Ozeray (Liberal) |
| 1898 | | Adolphe de Limburg Stirum (Catholic) |
| 1900 | Merged into Arlon-Marche-Bastogne | Merged into Arlon-Marche-Bastogne |
# Haegeum

The haegeum (Korean: 해금) is a traditional Korean string instrument, resembling a vertical fiddle with two strings; derived from the ancient Chinese xiqin. It has a rodlike neck, a hollow wooden soundbox, and two silk strings, and is held vertically on the knee of the performer and played with a bow. It is also popularly known as kkangkkang-i (깡깡이), kkaengkkaeng-i (깽깽이), or aeng-geum (앵금).
The haegeum is one of the most widely used instruments in Korean music. The haegeum is used in court music as well as madangnori (ordinary people's music). The haegeum's range of expression is various despite having only two strings, with sounds ranging from sorrowful and sad to humorous. The haegeum is made using eight materials: metal, stone, silk, bamboo, gourd, clay, hide, and wood, and so it is called paleum (eight sounds).
The sohaegeum (소해금) is a modernized fiddle with four strings, used only in North Korea and in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in China.
The haegeum is a Korean musical instrument played with a wooden bow between two strings, standing in line with a large wooden block standing vertically on top of the ring box. The haegeum is also classified as a string instrument because it consists of two strings made of silk thread. However, it is classified as a wind instrument because it serves as a wind instrument that can make a continuous sound using a bow. The haegeum has a unique tone, so it is characterized by a unique tone rather than matching with other wind or string instruments.

## History

There are no records about the exact era when the haegeum was first introduced in Korea. According to several sources, references to the haegeum can be found in hanlimbyeolgok (the unrhymed verse and songs of the royal scholars) made in the Goryeo dynasty, so it can be inferred that the haegeum has been played at least since then.
In the Joseon Dynasty, the haegeum was used in various music: that of royal ancestral rites, parades, festivals, and hyangak (Korean music).
The way the haegeum is played changed dramatically since the Joseon Dynasty. Before middle Joseon period, musicians played the string in gyeong-an method (placing and stopping with no pulling on strings like western bowed-string instrument), but since then they have begun to play in yeok-an method (pulling the string). Accordingly, it is possible to make a wide variety of sounds by pulling and releasing strings since it has no fingerboard.
To improve the acoustic ability of the haegeum, various modifications have been introduced since the 1960s. In 1965, Park Hun-bong and Kim Bun-gi developed a low-tune Haegeum, and in 1967 Kim Gisu made a small haegeum.
# Haggie

Haggie is a shortened form of MacKeggie. Notable people with the surname include:
* Dick Haggie (1933–2005), New Zealand rugby league player
* John Haggie (born 1954), Canadian politician
# Haacht

Haacht (Dutch pronunciation:) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant. The municipality comprises the towns of Haacht proper, Kelfs, Tildonk, Wakkerzeel and Wespelaar.
In 2023, Haacht had a total population of 15,465. It is reported to have a population density of 505 inhabitants per km$^2$.

## Attractions

Special attractions in Haacht are:
* The church St.-Remigius, of which some walls still date the original construction from the year 1281.
* The Anti-Tank canal, a defensive line built in 1939 as part of the K-W Line, to protect against German attack. It proved ineffective, as the invading Germans took a wide detour around it. In 1997 the nature preservation group Natuurpunt [nl] made it a protected natural area.
* The brewery of Haacht, the biggest Belgian brewery that is still in Belgian ownership and the third Belgian brewery regarding marketshare. The brewery is named after the municipality of Haacht but is actually located within the borders of neighbouring municipality Boortmeerbeek.
* The new sporting facilities 'Den Dijk', opened in 2003, with a separate gymnastics hall.
* It also has the nearest train station in its surroundings: Haacht Railway Station.
* Sint Remigius church
* Anti-Tank canal, built to protect against the German tank attacks during World War II, today a preserved natural area

## Municipal government

Haacht has a city council of 23 members.

## Transport

Haacht has three railway stops: Haacht, Wespelaar-Tildonk and Hambos.
# Ariel S. Leve

Ariel S. Leve (born January 24, 1968) is an American author and award-winning journalist. She was a columnist for The Guardian and subsequently for the Sunday Times Magazine. Her memoir An Abbreviated Life was published by HarperCollins in 2016.

## Early life

Ariel Leve was born in New York City and grew up with her mother, Sandra Hochman, a poet, in Manhattan. At age five she began traveling to Southeast Asia, where she spent part of the year living in Bangkok, Thailand, with her father.

## Career

Leve was a senior writer for The London Sunday Times Magazine from 2003-2010. She has contributed frequently to The Guardian, and has written for The New York Times, The New York Times Book Review, Esquire Magazine, Vanity Fair Magazine, Men’s Journal, The Wall Street Journal Magazine, The Financial Times Magazine, The Sunday Telegraph Magazine, The Sunday Times Style Magazine, Marie Claire, Elle, Psychologies, Vogue (U.K.), Granta and others.
Leve has written a number of profiles and cover stories, including the June 2016 Esquire Magazine cover story on the actor Liev Schreiber. She has appeared as a guest on WTF with Marc Maron and given a TED talk on gaslighting.
From October 2005 to January 2010 Leve wrote the weekly humor column "Cassandra" for the Sunday Times Magazine. Prior to that, the column ran in The Guardian under the title "Half Empty". From 2010 - 2012 Leve wrote a monthly food column for Guardian called The Fussy Eater.

### Books

Leve's first book, titled It Could Be Worse, You Could Be Me in the US and The Cassandra Chronicles in the UK, was a collection of her "Cassandra” columns from The Sunday Times Magazine. It was published in August 2009. Leve's television pilot of "It Could Be Worse, You Could Be Me" was optioned by Cineflix Studios
Her second book, 1963: The Year of the Revolution, co-authored by Robin Morgan recounts the story of the rise of the Youthquake movement in 1963. Leve and Morgan detail how young people became a significant commercial and cultural force for the first time. The book includes interviews with prominent figures from the movement, including Eric Clapton, Keith Richards, Bill Wyman, Mary Quant, Patti Boyd, Andrew Loog Oldham, Neil Sedaka and Carly Simon.
Leve's third book, An Abbreviated Life, was published in June 2016. A memoir of her early years, it explores the psychological consequences of a traumatic childhood and the aftermath of survival. The memoir received positive reviews in The New York Times, The Guardian, The Spectator and others.

## Awards

In 2005, she was nominated for the British Press Awards for Interviewer of the Year for 2004.
In 2008, she was nominated for the British Press Awards for Feature Writer of the Year for 2007.
In 2008, she won Feature Writer of the Year from the Magazine Design and Journalism Awards.
In 2010, she was nominated for the British Press Awards for Interviewer of the year for 2009, and was "Highly Commended.
# Arnet

Arnet may refer to:

## As a surname or given name

* Hugo Arnet (also spelled Arnot), Scottish advocate
* Jan Arnet, bass player for The Head Hunters
* Edward Arnet Johnson, American basketball player
* Josef Kalt (later known as Josef Kalt-Arnet), Swiss rower

## Other uses

* Arnet Pereyra Sabre II, aircraft
* ArnetMiner, software
# Haapsipea

Haapsipea is a village in Peipsiääre Parish, Tartu County in eastern Estonia.
# Arierang

Arierang is the Dutch association for Korean Adoptees in the Netherlands.
International adoption of South Korean children to the Netherlands started in 1969, after lobbying started in late 1967. Since then until 2003, around 4100 children have been adopted from South Korea to Dutch parents in the Netherlands.
Arierang was founded in 1991 by Dutch Korean Adoptee Myong Sook Flikweert. Its bylaws were filed on May 28, 1993, officially becoming a registered association. Arierang is a founding member and part of the International Korean Adoptee Associations (IKAA).
Members of Arierang are adopted from the Republic of Korea, living in the Netherlands and older than 16 years. Activities are frequently organised for and by the members on a volunteer basis such as the Arierang Weekend and social events on a monthly basis. The association publishes a member magazine, Uri Shinmun (='Our Newspaper'). Furthermore, Arierang hosts events and shares information about Korean culture, language, food, travelling and adoption. Arierang strives to maintain good relationships with the Korean society in the Netherlands and the embassy of the Republic of Korea.
In 2009 Arierang hosted the IKAA Gathering in Amsterdam, with over 140 Korean adoptees from 9 countries attending.
# Arotrophora obrimsocia

Arotrophora obrimsocia is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Thailand and Assam, India.
The wingspan is 21–22 mm for males and 22–26 mm for females.
# Hacıuşağı

Hacıuşağı (also, Gadzhi-Ushagy and Gadzhyushagy) is a village and municipality in the Agsu Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 435.
# Arrhenatherum

Arrhenatherum, commonly called oat-grass or button-grass, is a genus of Eurasian and North African plants in the grass family.

## Description

Wild forms can resemble wild oat (Avena) or fescue (Festuca). Oat-grasses are very common perennials with yellowish roots. The shining stems grow to a height of 1.80 m (6 ft), but die off in winter. The leaves are hairless with blunt ligules. The inflorescence is a panicle with two-flowered bisexual spikelets.

### Species

* Arrhenatherum album - tall oat-grass - Mediterranean from Portugal to Cyprus
* Arrhenatherum calderae - Tenerife in Canary Islands
* Arrhenatherum elatius - false oat-grass, tall oat-grass, tall meadow oat - Eurasia + North Africa from Iceland to Canary Islands + Kazakhstan; naturalized in East Asia, Australia, New Zealand, the Americas
* Arrhenatherum kotschyii - Turkey, Caucasus, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan
* Arrhenatherum longifolium - France, Spain, Portugal, Morocco
* Arrhennatherum palaestinum - eastern Mediterranean from Greece to Iraq
* Arrhenatherum pallens - Portugal

### formerly included

numerous species now considered better placed in other genera Avenula Danthoniastrum Duthiea Helictochloa Helictotrichon Sphenopholis
# Artelida crinipes

Artelida crinipes is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family. This beetle is distributed on island of Madagascar.
# Art Toronto

Art Toronto, previously known as the Toronto International Art Fair, is an international contemporary art exhibition held each year in Toronto, Ontario, Canada at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre since 2000. Since its inception, it has grown to become the pre-eminent forum for displaying contemporary art in Canada, with exhibitors from around the world. It is Canada's oldest and largest international art fair.
Art Toronto features 100 commercial galleries from Canada and around the world. After two years of hybrid and virtual programming during the pandemic, the fair returned to the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in 2022, and, as of 2023, is directed by Mia Nielsen.
For the 2023 fair, Kitty Scott will curate Focus, a 2,000-square-foot exhibition which will present new artworks by artists alongside historical work. Art Toronto is also launching Discover, a new section dedicated to exhibitions of work by emerging artists.
# Arto Mansala

Arto Olavi Mansala (born 1941 Kuopio) is a Finnish diplomat, a Bachelor of Political Sciences. He has been an ambassador in Budapest between 1985 and 1989, in Beijing in 1989–1992, Moscow 1993-1996 and Bonn 1996–2001. After returning home he was Counselor of Foreign Affairs at the Political Department of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs 2001–2002, Under-Secretary of State 2002–2003, Deputy Secretary of State for the Summer of 2003 and Secretary of State from the beginning of September 2003. Mansala retired in 2008.
# Hack's law

Hack's law is an empirical relationship between the length of streams and the area of their basins. If L is the length of the longest stream in a basin, and A is the area of the basin, then Hack's law may be written as
    $L=CA^{h}\$
for some constant C where the exponent h is slightly less than 0.6 in most basins. h varies slightly from region to region and slightly decreases for larger basins (>8,000 mi$^2$, or 20,720 km$^2$). In addition to the catchment-scales, Hack's law was observed on unchanneled small-scale surfaces when the morphology measured at high resolutions (Cheraghi et al., 2018).
The law is named after American geomorphologist John Tilton Hack.
# Arthur von Oettingen

Arthur Joachim von Oettingen (28 March [O.S. 15] 1836 – 5 September 1920) was a Baltic German physicist and music theorist. He was the brother of theologian Alexander von Oettingen (1827–1905) and ophthalmologist Georg von Oettingen (1824–1916).

## Biography

He studied astronomy and physics at the University of Dorpat, and furthered his education of physics in Paris in the laboratories of Antoine César Becquerel (1788–1878) and Henri Victor Régnault (1810–1878), and afterwards at Berlin in the laboratories of Heinrich Gustav Magnus (1802–1870), Johann Christian Poggendorff (1796–1877) and Heinrich Wilhelm Dove (1803–1879).
In 1868 he became a professor at Dorpat, where he founded a meteorological observatory. In 1893 he moved to the University of Leipzig, where he remained until 1919 as a teacher and honorary professor. In 1898 and 1904 he published the third and fourth volumes of Poggendorff's Biographisch-Literarisches Handwörterbuch der exakten Naturwissenschaften.
Oettingen was a primary advocate of a theory of acoustical relationships known as "harmonic dualism". This concept was later expanded and elaborated on by musicologist Hugo Riemann (1849–1919). Oettingen is also credited for introducing a measurement of musical interval known as the millioctave. He later created a musical instrument, the Orthotonophonium - a pump organ using 72 notes per octave, to further advocate harmonic dualism.

## Selected works

* Harmoniesystem in dualer Entwicklung, Dorpat 1866.
* Meteorologische Beobachtungen angestellt in Dorpat im Jahre ..., Dorpat 1868–1877.
* Über den mathematischen Unterricht in der Schule, Dorpat 1873.
* Elemente des geometrisch-perspektivischen Zeichnens, Leipzig 1901.
# Arthur von Rosthorn

Arthur von Rosthorn (14 April 1862, Vienna – 17 December 1945, Oed) was an Austrian diplomat and sinologist.
He obtained his education in Vienna and Oxford, where he was a student of sinologist James Legge. From 1883 to 1893 he was associated with the Seezollverwaltung (customs administration) in China. In 1895 he received his doctorate from the University of Leipzig, and afterwards worked for the Austrian diplomatic service; serving as a legation secretary and counselor in China, and later as an envoy in Tehran (1906–11) and Beijing (1911–17). In 1922 he was named an honorary professor at the University of Vienna, where up until 1939, he taught classes in Chinese language, literature and history.
He was an editor of the journal "Wiener Beiträge zur Kunst- und Kulturgeschichte Asiens Jahrbuch" (Vienna contributions to the art and cultural history of Asia). Since 1986 the "Rosthorn-Medaille" is awarded to individuals or groups who have rendered special services to Sino-Austrian relations. It is sponsored by the Österreich-Chinesischen Gesellschaft (ÖCGF, Austrian-Chinese Society) and the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute.

## Selected works

* The salt administration of Ssŭchʻuan; published in English in 1893.
* Die ausbreitung der chinesischen macht in südwestlicher richtung bis zum vierten jahrhundert, 1895 – The propagation of Chinese southwestern migration in the fourth century AD.
* Das soziale leben der Chinesen, 1919 – The social life of the Chinese people.
* Die anfänge der chinesischen geschichtschreibung, 1920 – The beginnings of Chinese historiography.
# Artur Vallner

Artur Vallner (18 October 1887 Tallinn – 1939 (or 4 November 1937)) was an Estonian educator and politician.
In 1917 he was Chairman of Estonian Provincial Assembly. Vallner was executed during the Great Purge.