OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 3 Monocerotis

3 Monocerotis is a binary star system in the equatorial constellation of Monoceros, located approximately 780 light years away from the Sun based on parallax. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, blue-white hued star with a combined apparent visual magnitude of 4.92. The system is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +39 km/s.
The magnitude 4.98 primary, designated component A, has a stellar classification of B5 III, matching an evolved blue giant star. It has 5.85 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 1,105 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 15,000 K. The companion, component B, is magnitude 7.96 with an angular separation of 1.9″ from the primary.
# V7 (political alliance)

V7 was a political alliance in Suriname formed for the 2015 elections.

## History

V7 was formed in January 2015 to contest the 2015 elections, and was established as an alliance of seven parties; the Progressive Reform Party, the National Party of Suriname, the Surinamese Labour Party, the Democratic Alternative '91 (all of which had been members of the New Front for Democracy and Development alliance for the 2010 elections), Pertjajah Luhur, the Party for National Unity and Solidarity and the Brotherhood and Unity in Politics. However, shortly before the elections, the Party for National Unity and Solidarity left to join the A-Combination.
The alliance nominated Chan Santokhi as its presidential candidate. In the elections it received 37% of the vote, winning 18 of the 51 seats in the National Assembly. However, the National Democratic Party won a majority of the seats.
On 25 June 2015, V7 collapsed after several politicians split off from the Pertjajah Luhur, and the Brotherhood and Unity in Politics left the alliance.
# V81

V81 may refer to:
* Complaint tablet to Ea-nāṣir
* Lancia Esatau V.81, an Italian bus
# Hugh McCartney

Hugh McCartney (3 January 1920 – 28 February 2006) was a Scottish Labour Party politician.

## Early life

Born in Glasgow, the son of a tram driver, McCartney studied at John Street Senior Secondary School in the Bridgeton area of the city, and at the Royal Technical College (later the University of Strathclyde) in the city centre. He joined the Independent Labour Party's Guild of Youth at the age of 14 and began a textile apprenticeship. He joined the Labour Party at 16. During the Second World War he entered engineering at Rolls-Royce in Coventry and for the Royal Air Force, becoming active as a trade unionist.

## Political career

McCartney became a councillor on Kirkintilloch town council in 1955, and in 1965 a Dunbartonshire county councillor, serving on both bodies until 1970. That year he was elected to Parliament for the Clydeside seat of Dunbartonshire East, defeating Communist shipbuilders' trade union leader Jimmy Reid. McCartney too became active in supporting the Clydeside shipbuilding industry.
From 1974, McCartney represented Dunbartonshire Central, then Clydebank and Milngavie from 1983 after further boundary changes. A low-profile Member of Parliament, he was a Scottish whip and active in the TGWU and Scottish groups of Labour MPs. He retired from Parliament in 1987.

## Personal life

McCartney was married to fellow trade unionist Margaret, with whom he had two daughters, Irene and Margaret, and one son, Ian McCartney. Ian also had a career in politics, and his roles included Minister of State for Trade, Chairman of the Labour Party and Member of Parliament for Makerfield between 1987 and 2010.
# Ulyanovsk Mechanical Plant

JSC Ulyanovsk Mechanical Plant or UMP for short (translit. Ulyanovsk Mekhanicheskiy Zavod, UMZ) is a Soviet/Russian military enterprise, now part of Almaz-Antey holding. Founded on January 1, 1966, by the Decree of Soviet government. Located in the city of Ulyanovsk, Russia next to UAZ.

## Products

UMZ settled to mass production of:
* ZSU Shilka 1964-1982
* 2K12 Kub (also an export version under the name Kvadrat) 1968-1985
* 9K37 Buk since 1980
* 9K22 Tunguska since 1981
* Pantsir complex radiotechnics system since 1988
* Orion, Ohota complex radiotechnics system since 2000
* a set of civilian products
# Alford

Alford may refer to:

## People

* Alford (surname)

## Places
### Australia

* Alford, South Australia

### England

* Alford, Lincolnshire
** Alford Manor House
** Alford Windmill
** Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Alford
* Alford, Somerset
* Alford Crossways
    See also: Alfold

### Scotland

* Alford, Aberdeenshire
** Alford Valley Railway

### United States

* Alford, Florida
* Alford, Indiana
* Alford, Massachusetts

## Other uses

* Alford plea, in US law
** North Carolina v. Alford, the Supreme Court case concerning the Alford plea
# Audibert & Lavirotte

The Audibert & Lavirotte was a French automobile, manufactured in Lyon from 1894 to 1901. The company, the oldest maker of automobiles in the city, was set up by Maurice Audibert and Emile Lavirotte built cars that were generally similar to the Benz. These were up to 6 horsepower, and featured belt drive and rear-mounted engines. In 1900, the company built three 36 hp racers, which were entered in the Nice-Salon-Nice race on 25 March 1901. They were the heaviest vehicles in the race, weighing over 1600 kilograms each. They manufactured a so-called Berline de Voyage, which may have been the first saloon car as early as 1898. The company ceased production in November 1901, after financiers did not pay and the factory was forced to shut down. The plant was taken over by Marius Berliet in 1902. Lavirotte helped finance this action and was employed by the Berliet company until his retirement in 1927. Audibert went to Rochet-Schneider. He died in 1931.
# 1691 in China

Events from the year 1691 in China.

## Incumbents

* Kangxi Emperor (29th year)

## Events

* Public Security Police Force of Macau § History: Law enforcement was first taken by the military stationed in Portuguese Macau, with Portuguese Navy troops at first before the Portuguese Army stepped in to take over internal security duties on 14 March 1691.
# Yeşilören, Merzifon

Yeşilören is a village in the Merzifon District, Amasya Province, Turkey. Its population is 79 (2021).
# Yeşilöz

Yeşilöz may refer to the following places in Turkey:
* Yeşilöz, Alanya, a beach resort village (yayla) in the district of Alanya, Antalya Province
* Yeşilöz, Amasya, a village in the district of Amasya, Amasya Province
* Yeşilöz, Batman, a village in the district of Batman, Batman Province
* Yeşilöz, Çerkeş
* Yeşilöz, Güdül, a town in the district of Güdül, Ankara Province
* Yeşilöz, Gülşehir, a village in the district of Gülşehir, Nevşehir Province
* Yeşilöz, Horasan
* Yeşilöz, İnebolu, a village
* Yeşilöz, Kalecik, a village in the district of Kalecik, Ankara Province
* Yeşilöz, Köprüköy
* Yeşilöz, Kurşunlu
* Yeşilöz, Polatlı, a village in the district of Polatlı, Ankara Province
# Yeşilöz, Güdül

Yeşilöz is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Güdül, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 419 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde).
# Howard Liddell (psychologist)

Howard Scott Liddell (November 1895–October 1962) was an American professor of psychology who was involved in the Macy Conferences.
Liddell graduated from the University of Michigan in 1917. After completing his MA, he moved to Cornell University as an instructor, completing his Ph.D. in 1923 and becoming an assistant professor in 1926. In 1930 he was appointed Chairman of Department of Physiology in the Medical College He became professor of Psychology in 1939 and then professor of Psychobiology in 1947. The Behavior Farm Laboratory which he founded at Cornell University was renamed the Liddell Laboratory of Comparative and Physiological Psychology after his death.
Liddell attended a lecture by Gleb Anrep, a former assistant of Ivan Pavlov given at Cornell in 1923. In 1924, following Anrep's advice, Liddell went on to set up a laboratory modelled on that of Pavlov. He experimented on pigs, dogs, sheep, goats, and rabbits. Liddell then visited Pavlov's original laboratory in Leningrad in 1926 and again in 1934 at the time of his publication of Comparative Psychology. He had been able to induce an experimental neurosis in otherwise normal sheep by 1927.
Liddell was guest speaker at the Cerebral Inhibition Meeting in May 1942.

## Publications

* Comparative Psychology (1934)
* Conditioning and Emotions (Reprinted from Scientific American) (1954)
* Emotional Hazards in Animals and Man (1956)
# Howard Lindley

Howard Lindley (died 1972) was an Australian freelance journalist, film maker, and music writer for POL and Go-Set magazines. In the late 1960s he edited a trade journal, Lumiere, on the film and TV industry, where he supervised its section on avant-garde and experimental film. Lindley committed suicide in 1972 after starting work on a film about the Australian rock band, The Masters Apprentices.
# Howard Libov

Howard Libov is an American director of music videos and films. He is director of film production for the bachelor of arts program at Fairleigh Dickinson University in Madison, New Jersey.
He has produced documentaries for CNN.

## Early life

Libov graduated with a master's degrees in communication and education from Georgia State University in Atlanta, Georgia, followed by a Bachelor of Fine Arts in film from New York University Tisch School of the Arts. He also attained a certificate in film directing from the American Film Institute.

## Career

In 1984, he directed the video to R.E.M.'s single "So. Central Rain (I'm Sorry)", recorded at Reflection Studio in Charlotte, North Carolina. The same year, he directed the video to Love Tractor's single "Spin Your Partner".
Libov co-wrote and directed "Favorite Son" (2009) with Pablo Schreiber, who played David Paxton in the film. R.E.M.'s Mike Mills wrote and recorded his song "Gift of the Fathers" for the film. The duo previously worked together in 1991 on Libov's film Men Will Be Boys.
He also directed and co-wrote Midnight Edition (1994) with Will Patton and directed the award-winning documentaries Aglow and Fourteen Stations.
# Algebraic character

An algebraic character is a formal expression attached to a module in representation theory of semisimple Lie algebras that generalizes the character of a finite-dimensional representation and is analogous to the Harish-Chandra character of the representations of semisimple Lie groups.

## Definition

Let ${\mathfrak {g}}$ be a semisimple Lie algebra with a fixed Cartan subalgebra ${\mathfrak {h}},$ and let the abelian group $A=\mathbb {Z} [[{\mathfrak {h}}^{*}]]$ consist of the (possibly infinite) formal integral linear combinations of $e^{\mu }$, where $\mu \in {\mathfrak {h}}^{*}$, the (complex) vector space of weights. Suppose that $V$ is a locally-finite weight module. Then the algebraic character of $V$ is an element of $A$ defined by the formula:
    $ch(V)=\sum _{\mu }\dim V_{\mu }e^{\mu },$
where the sum is taken over all weight spaces of the module $V.$

## Example

The algebraic character of the Verma module $M_{\lambda }$ with the highest weight $\lambda$ is given by the formula
    $ch(M_{\lambda })={\frac {e^{\lambda }}{\prod _{\alpha >0}(1-e^{-\alpha })}},$
with the product taken over the set of positive roots.

## Properties

Algebraic characters are defined for locally-finite weight modules and are additive, i.e. the character of a direct sum of modules is the sum of their characters. On the other hand, although one can define multiplication of the formal exponents by the formula $e^{\mu }\cdot e^{\nu }=e^{\mu +\nu }$ and extend it to their finite linear combinations by linearity, this does not make $A$ into a ring, because of the possibility of formal infinite sums. Thus the product of algebraic characters is well defined only in restricted situations; for example, for the case of a highest weight module, or a finite-dimensional module. In good situations, the algebraic character is multiplicative, i.e., the character of the tensor product of two weight modules is the product of their characters.

## Generalization

Characters also can be defined almost verbatim for weight modules over a Kac–Moody or generalized Kac–Moody Lie algebra.
# Alienable

Alienable may refer to:
* in law, property that can be subject to alienation
* in grammar, a type of possession
# Alfred Barrett

Alfred Barrett (died 18 July 1849) was born in New England. He was an engineer by training.
In about 1818, Barrett began working on the engineering staff that was constructing the Erie Canal in New York State. He rapidly gained experience and was an accredited engineer by 1821. The project was completed in 1825.
In 1824, the Erie project was visited by William Hamilton Merritt and he likely recruited Barrett as resident superintending engineer of the Welland Canal. Over the course of his career, he worked on a variety of important projects including the Lachine Canal improvements and resident engineer on the Erie.
His professional achievements were of high importance to the development of the economy of this North American area. His early death cut short a highly productive and important engineering career.
He died in Montreal of cholera.
# Hugh Wood (priest)

Hugh Singleton Wood, KHC (1859–1941) was a Church of England priest and Royal Navy chaplain. He was the Chaplain of the Fleet and Archdeacon of the Royal Navy, serving from 1906 to 1917.
Wood was educated at The Queen's College, Oxford, matriculating in 1878 and graduating B.A. in 1882. and ordained in 1884. He began his ecclesiastical career with a curacy at Holy Trinity, Haverstock Hill. He then served with the Navy from 1886 to 1917. He was an Honorary Chaplain to the King from 1910 to 1936.
He died on 8 March 1941.
# YkkC-yxkD leader

The ykkC/yxkD leader is a conserved RNA structure found upstream of the ykkC and yxkD genes in Bacillus subtilis and related genes in other bacteria. The function of this family is unclear for many years although it has been suggested that it may function to switch on efflux pumps and detoxification systems in response to harmful environmental molecules. The Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis sequence AE013027 overlaps with that of purine riboswitch suggesting that the two riboswitches may work in conjunction to regulate the upstream gene which codes for TTE0584 (Q8RC62), a member of the permease family.
Nelson et al. showed that this riboswitch senses and responds to guanidine and it was renamed Guanidine-I riboswitch. Furthermore, they demonstrated that bacteria are capable of endogenously producing guanidine and the riboswitch controls genes whose products are involved in modification or pumping out guanidine as a toxic compound from bacteria. Crystal structures of the riboswitch bound to the ligand have also been determined.
The mini-ykkC RNA motif is a putative cis-regulatory element that apparently regulates similar genes to those regulated by the Guanidine-I riboswitch (ykkC/yxkD leader). However, the mini-ykkC RNA motif is simpler in structure and has fewer highly conserved nucleotide positions than the ykkC-yxkD leader. Despite this each of its two stem-loop structures directly bind free guanidine. Therefore, mini-ykkC RNA motif represents a distinct class of guanidine-sensing RNAs called Guanidine-II riboswitch. Its crystal structure was also determined.
The ykkC-III RNA motif is a distinct candidate cis-regulatory RNA that appears to regulate genes related to the preceding motifs. Although the structure of ykkC-III RNAs does not resemble ykkC/yxkD RNAs, both have a structure complexity that led to the proposal that they represent riboswitches. The ykkC-III motif has a rigidly conserved ACGA sequence within it that resembles a less rigidly conserved ACGA or ACGG sequence found in mini-ykkC RNAs, but it is unknown whether this observation relates to a biological relationship. Biochemical validation has been presented to show that this motif is a third class of guanidine riboswitches called Guanidine-III riboswitch.
# Tubular Beats

Tubular Beats is a remix album containing collaborations between Mike Oldfield and York (Torsten Stenzel), that was released on 1 February 2013. Unlike previous club mixes, the album is a true two-sided collaboration between Oldfield and Stenzel, making use of parts from the original multitrack tapes as well as new parts played by Oldfield. Tarja Turunen appears on the track "Never Too Far".
It was released on the independent Edel label in Germany even though Oldfield is currently signed to the major label of Universal/Mercury. The album cover shows Oldfield's trademark Tubular Bells logo in blue/black on a white background.
A promo video for "Guilty 2013" was released by earMusic, which contains a shortened version of "Guilty Electrofunk Mix". In 2011 Moist Creations had released a screenshot from this titled "Guilty 2011".
The track "Tubular Bells 2 (Mike Oldfield & York Remix)" is, unlike the name suggests, not the remix of a track of the album Tubular Bells II, but a remix of the track "Finale" of the album Tubular Bells, in which a melody from "A Minor Tune" of the same album is incorporated.
# Board for Standardization of the Serbian Language

The Board for Standardization of the Serbian Language (Serbian Cyrillic: Одбор за стандардизацију српског језика, romanized: Odbor za standardizaciju srpskog jezika) is a linguistic institute in Serbia, Montenegro and Republika Srpska whose purpose is to preserve and foster the Serbian language. It was founded in 1997 in Belgrade.
The founders of the board were:
* Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
* Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts
* Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republika Srpska
* Matica srpska
* Institute for the Serbian language in Belgrade
* Serbian Literary Guild in Belgrade
* Faculty of Philology of the University of Belgrade
* Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Novi Sad
* Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Niš
* Faculty of Philology of the University of Priština
* Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Banja Luka
* Faculty of Philosophy of the University of East Sarajevo
* Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Montenegro in Nikšić
* University of Kragujevac
# United International Airlines

United International Airlines was a cargo airline with its base at Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport in Serbia.

## History

United International had previously operated under the name Air Sofia and was based in Sofia, Bulgaria. On 5 March 2007, after Bulgaria joined the EU, the airline lost its license from the Bulgarian government, along with four other airlines. The airline relocated to Serbia. However, approximately one year later, in 2008, the Serbian Civil Aviation Directorate also withdrew their license.

## Fleet

* 5 Antonov An-12 (YU-UIA. YU-UIB, YU-UIC, YU-UID, YU-UIE)
# Kerri ní Dochartaigh

Kerri ní Dochartaigh (born 1983) is a Northern Irish writer known for her nature writings. She has published in The Guardian, The Irish Times and elsewhere, and her debut book Thin Places was shortlisted for the Wainwright Prize in 2021.

## Biography

ní Dochartaigh was born in 1983 in Derry in Northern Ireland, near the Irish border. Her mother was Catholic and her father Protestant, and when she was aged 11, living in the Waterside area, their home was petrol-bombed in the night. The family moved to a Catholic area, and then out of the town to Ballykelly, 20 miles away. When she was 16, a boy she was friends with was murdered an hour after she had seen him, and his murderer has not been identified.
She read English Literature and Classics at Trinity College Dublin. She then taught for periods in Rudolf Steiner schools in Edinburgh and Bristol.

## Writing career

ní Dochartaigh has published in The Guardian, The Irish Times, Winter Papers, Caught By The River and elsewhere,
Her 2021 book Thin Places was published by Canongate Books after a six-way contest between publishers. It is "a mixture of memoir, history and nature writing" and describes "a wild Ireland, an invisible border, an old conflict and the healing power of the natural world". Thin Places was shortlisted for the 2021 Wainwright Prize for UK Nature Writing, and won the Butler Literary Award for 2022 from the Irish American Cultural Institute.
In March 2021 ní Dochartaigh featured in BBC Radio 4's series The Outsiders: "Five writers on how a year of lockdowns has changed their relationship with the nature on their doorstep", and in August 2021 she appeared at the Edinburgh International Book Festival, online, along with composer and writer Kerry Andrew.
In 2023, ní Dochartaigh published Cacophony of bone, which chronicles her life in a remote cottage in central Ireland from 2019 to 2020. It was longlisted for the Wainwright Prize for Nature Writing.

## Personal life

As of 2021 she lives "in an old railway cottage in the very heart of Ireland" with her partner and her dog.

## Selected publications
### Books

* Thin places. Edinburgh: Canongate. 2021. ISBN 978-1786899637.
* Cacophony of Bone. Edinburgh: Canongate. 2023. ISBN 978-1838856304.

### Other writings

* "Unnameable Things". The Clearing. Little Toller Books. 26 February 2019.
* "Kerri Ní Dochartaigh on 2021: 'One thing is certain, and that is that there still is hope'". TheJournal.ie. 28 January 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
* "Shadows and Reflections: Kerri ní Dochartaigh". www.caughtbytheriver.net. Caught by the River. 12 January 2020.
* "In search of light on the edge of Ireland". The Guardian. 14 February 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
# 2013 Ivy League Baseball Championship Series

The 2013 Ivy League Baseball Championship Series was held at Robertson Field at Satow Stadium on the campus of Columbia University in New York, New York, on May 4, 2013. The series matched the regular season champions of each of the league's two divisions, Columbia and Dartmouth. Columbia won their second series championship in two games and claimed the Ivy League's automatic berth in the 2013 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.
Through the 2013 championship, Dartmouth had appeared in the Ivy League Championship Series every year since 2008, winning in 2009 and 2010.

## Results

Game One
May 4, 2013 12:00 pm :
| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | R | H | E |
| Dartmouth | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 3 |
| Columbia | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 13 | 1 |
| WP: Roy (3–1) LP: Sulser (5–3) Home runs: Dartmouth: Keller Columbia: None Boxscore ||||||||||||||
Game Two
May 4, 2013 3:40 pm :
| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | R | H | E |
| Columbia | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 16 | 0 |
| Dartmouth | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 9 | 3 |
| WP: Olson (1–1) LP: Danielak (1–1) Attendance: 952 Boxscore |||||||||||||