OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joseph Edward Evans

Joseph Edward Evans (18 September 1855 – 25 December 1938) was a British schoolmaster and amateur astronomer, headmaster of the Royal Hospital School in Greenwich and a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society.

## Early and personal life

Joseph Edward Evans was born in Great Coggeshall, Essex, the eldest son of Lieutenant Charles Evans who was Chief Officer of the Coastguard at Robin Hood Bay. He entered the Royal Hospital School at Greenwich in 1866 aged eleven, took a Bachelor's Degree at London University and became a teacher. He taught in Dindigul, Madras Province, in India where his three sons and eldest daughter were born. He returned to the UK in 1890, taking on various teaching posts before becoming headmaster at the Royal Hospital School in 1899 – a position he held until his retirement in 1920.

## Astronomical contributions

Evans combined his duties as Headmaster at the Royal Hospital School with work at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich. He collaborated with Edward Walter Maunder, a professional astronomer, with research into the question of whether there were canals on Mars – a topic of debate at the time. He used his position at the school to arrange an experiment in which boys were asked to reproduce drawings of various disc images, including ones on which no canals had been drawn but which contained "minute dot-like markings". Maunder and Evans found that when the disc was viewed from certain distances the boys visualised, and drew, "canals".
# Joseph Petrus Hendrik Crowe

Lieutenant colonel Joseph Petrus Hendrik Crowe VC (12 January 1826 – 12 April 1876) was the second South African-born recipient of the Victoria Cross (after Christopher Teesdale VC), the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

## Details

He was 31 years old, and a lieutenant in the 78th Regiment of Foot, British Army during the Indian Mutiny, when the following deed took place, for which he was awarded the VC.
On 12 August 1857 at Boursekee Chowkee, the entrenched village in front of Busherutgunge, India, the redoubt was occupied by the enemy, who were causing heavy casualties among the 18th Regiment. It was decided to take the place by storm, and the Highlanders dashed forward, Lieutenant Crowe being the first in, followed by his men. In less than a minute the redoubt was captured.

## His death

On 23 October 1875 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel, commanding the 1st Battalion of Foot. He was due to return home to South Africa in 1876 and contracted a chill while snipe shooting in the Irish bogs. He died on 12 April 1876 in Penge, Surrey and was interred in a non-descript grave in the West Norwood Cemetery. In 1957, his overgrown grave was found and in August 1976 his remains were exhumed. A grand return was planned and on 5 February 1977, following a quasi-military ceremony in St Katherine's Anglican Church, his casket was carried on a gun carriage, followed by descendants of his sisters, to the MOTH Garden of Remembrance, Uitenhage, where his remains were reinterred.

## The medal

At his death, his eldest sister Maria Margaret Lister inherited his medals and another sister, Dorothya Susanna Lovemore inherited his sword. Margaret stored his medals in a wall cupboard in her home, "Firlands", Rondebosch, but they were forever lost when the home was destroyed by fire. The medals were not recovered, but the sword has remained in the Lovemore family.
# Allegiance: Patriotic Song

"Allegiance: Patriotic Song" is a World War I song first copyrighted on March 14, 1918.
Julia Smith composed this song for voice and piano. It was published in Boston, Massachusetts by D.W. Cooper Music Co. The cover, illustrated by E. S. Fisher, features a caption which reads, "Dedicated to the spirit of Americanism as typified by the immortal Lincoln.”
# The Speeding Venus

The Speeding Venus is a 1926 American silent drama film directed by Robert Thornby and starring Priscilla Dean, Robert Frazer and Dale Fuller.

## Cast

* Priscilla Dean as Emily Dale
* Robert Frazer as John Steele
* Dale Fuller as Midge Rooney
* Johnny Fox as Speck O'Donnell
* Ray Ripley as Chet Higgins
* Charles Sellon as Jed Morgan
# 2004 West Virginia Mountaineers football team

The 2004 West Virginia Mountaineers football team completed the regular season with an 8–4 (4–2 conference record) and traveled to the Gator Bowl, where they lost to the Florida State Seminoles 30–18. The Mountaineers began the season ranked #10, but ended disappointedly by losing the last three games of the season after starting 8–1.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Rank | Site | TV | Result | Attendance |
| September 4 | 6:00 p.m. | East Carolina* | No. 10 | Mountaineer FieldMorgantown, West Virginia | ESPN+ | W 56–23 | 59,172 |
| September 11 | 6:00 p.m. | at Central Florida* | No. 10 | Citrus BowlOrlando, Florida | | W 45–20 | 32,224 |
| September 18 | Noon | No. 21 Maryland* | No. 7 | Mountaineer FieldMorgantown, West Virginia | ESPN2 | W 19–16 $^{OT}$ | 60,358 |
| September 25 | Noon | James Madison* | No. 6 | Mountaineer FieldMorgantown, West Virginia | | W 45–10 | 56,609 |
| October 2 | Noon | at Virginia Tech* | No. 6 | Lane StadiumBlacksburg, Va | ESPN | L 13–19 | 65,115 |
| October 13 | 7:30 p.m. | at Connecticut | No. 17 | Rentschler FieldEast Hartford, Connecticut | ESPN | W 31–19 | 40,000 |
| October 21 | 7:30 p.m. | Syracuse | No. 15 | Mountaineer FieldMorgantown, West Virginia | ESPN | W 27–6 | 52,909 |
| October 30 | Noon | at Rutgers | No. 15 | Rutgers StadiumPiscataway, New Jersey | ESPN+ | W 35–30 | 35,079 |
| November 6 | 1:00 p.m. | Temple | No. 15 | Mountaineer FieldMorgantown, West Virginia | ESPN+ | W 42–21 | 52,108 |
| November 13 | Noon | No. 21 Boston College | No. 13 | Mountaineer FieldMorgantown, West Virginia | ABC | L 17–36 | 58,118 |
| November 25 | 8:00 p.m. | at Pittsburgh | No. 21 | Heinz FieldPittsburgh (Backyard Brawl) | ESPN | L 13–16 | 52,641 |
| January 1 | 1:00 p.m. | vs. No. 17 Florida State* | | Alltel StadiumJacksonville, Florida (Gator Bowl) | NBC | L 18–30 | 70,112 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from AP Poll released prior to the gameAll times are in Eastern time ||||||||

## Roster

The 2004 football team featured stars Rasheed Marshall at quarterback, Kay-Jay Harris at running back, Chris Henry at receiver, and a stout defense featuring Pacman Jones (who also played returner), Mike Lorello, Kevin "Boo" McLee, Jahmile Addae, Eric Wicks, and Alton McCann. Brandon Myles also played receiver behind Henry to help out the passing game.
# La Guadalupe

La Guadalupe (Spanish pronunciation:) is a village and municipality in the Guainía Department, Colombia. La Guadalupe borders the corregimiento of San Felipe on the north, Brazil on the south and west, and Venezuela on the East.
# Sidi Bousber

Sidi Bousber is a small town and rural commune in Ouezzane Province of the Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 11,260 people living in 2191 households.
# 1935 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship

The 1935 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 41st staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board.
Ahane were the defending champions.
Ahane won the championship after a 6–08 to 2–03 defeat of Kildimo in the final. It was their fourth championship title overall and their third title in succession.
# Hans Hunziker (canoeist)

Hans Hunziker is a retired Swiss slalom canoeist who competed in the late 1960s. He won a bronze medal in the K-1 event at the 1967 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Lipno nad Vltavou.
# Jos van der Vegt

Gerardus Johannes Hendricus "Jos" van der Vegt (born 22 April 1953, in Rotterdam) is a Dutch businessman. He is currently a member of the board of Feyenoord Rotterdam as well as director of Rotterdam Ahoy. He is also chairman of the Rotterdam Marathon and part of the Economic Development Board Rotterdam. Between 1991 and 1996 he was director of the Feyenoord Stadion.
# Sakutarō

Sakutarō, Sakutaro or Sakutarou (written: 作太郎 or 朔太郎) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Sakutarō Hagiwara (萩原 朔太郎, 1886–1942), Japanese writer
* Sakutarō Iwasa (岩佐 作太郎, 1879–1967), Japanese anarchist
* Sakutaro Tachi (立 作太郎, 1874–1943), Japanese legal scholar

## Fictional characters

* Sakutaro (さくたろう), a character in the sound novel Umineko no Naku Koro ni
# 2008 in Cage Rage Championships

The year 2008 was the 7th year in the history of the Cage Rage Championships, a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United Kingdom. In 2008 Cage Rage Championships held 9 events, Cage Rage Contenders 8.

## Title fights

* ↑ For the World Featherweight Championship.
* ↑ For the British Light Heavyweight Championship.
* ↑ For the British Welterweight Championship.
* ↑ For the British Middleweight Championship.
* ↑ For the British Heavyweight Championship.

## Events list

| # | Event Title | Date | Arena | Location |
| 43 | Cage Rage UK - Fighting Hurts Final | November 1, 2008 | The Troxy | London, United Kingdom |
| 42 | Cage Rage 28 | September 20, 2008 | The Troxy | London, United Kingdom |
| 41 | Cage Rage 27 | July 12, 2008 | Wembley Arena | London, United Kingdom |
| 40 | Cage Rage Contenders 10 | June 14, 2008 | The Troxy | London, United Kingdom |
| 39 | Cage Rage 26 | May 10, 2008 | NEC Arena | Birmingham, United Kingdom |
| 38 | Cage Rage Contenders - Ireland vs. Belgium | May 3, 2008 | National Stadium | Dublin, Ireland |
| 37 | Cage Rage Contenders 9 | April 12, 2008 | The Troxy | London, United Kingdom |
| 36 | Cage Rage 25 | March 8, 2008 | Wembley Arena | London, United Kingdom |
| 35 | Cage Rage Contenders 8 | February 2, 2008 | The Troxy | London, United Kingdom |

## Cage Rage Contenders 8

Cage Rage Contenders 8 was an event held on February 2, 2008 at The Troxy in London, United Kingdom.

### Results
## Cage Rage 25

Cage Rage 25 was an event held on March 8, 2008 at Wembley Arena in London, United Kingdom.

### Results

* ↑ For the World Featherweight Championship.

## Cage Rage Contenders 9

Cage Rage Contenders 9 was an event held on April 12, 2008 at The Troxy in London, United Kingdom.

### Results
## Cage Rage Contenders - Ireland vs. Belgium

Cage Rage Contenders - Ireland vs. Belgium was an event held on May 3, 2008 at National Stadium in Dublin, Ireland.

### Results
## Cage Rage 26

Cage Rage 26 was an event held on May 10, 2008 at NEC Arena in Birmingham, United Kingdom.

### Results

* ↑ For the British Light Heavyweight Championship.
* ↑ For the British Welterweight Championship.
* ↑ For the British Middleweight Championship.

## Cage Rage Contenders 10

Cage Rage Contenders 10 was an event held on June 14, 2008 at The Troxy in London, United Kingdom.

### Results
## Cage Rage 27

Cage Rage 27 was an event held on July 12, 2008 at Wembley Arena in London, United Kingdom.

### Results

* ↑ For the British Heavyweight Championship.

## Cage Rage 28

Cage Rage 28 was an event held on September 20, 2008 at The Troxy in London, United Kingdom.

### Results
## Cage Rage UK - Fighting Hurts Final

Cage Rage UK - Fighting Hurts Final was an event held on November 1, 2008 at The Troxy in London, United Kingdom.
# La Ville-aux-Bois-lès-Dizy

La Ville-aux-Bois-lès-Dizy (French pronunciation:, literally La Ville-aux-Bois near Dizy) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
# George Adam Reay

Dr George Adam Reay FRSE FRIC CBE (1901–1971) was a 20th-century Scottish biochemist and fish technologist who helped set up the Torry Research Station and served as its first director.

## Life

He was born in Aberdeen on 31 May 1901 the son of Adam Reay, an engineer, and his wife Helen Glass Cownie. The family lived at 6 Ferryhill Terrace. He was educated at Robert Gordon's College then studied Science at Aberdeen University graduating MA in 1921 and a further BSc in 1923. He then did postgraduate studies at Cambridge University gaining a doctorate (PhD) in 1927.
After this he joined the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research in Aberdeen under Sir William Bate Hardy, and was with them when they set up the Torry Research Station in 1929, being posted as its first Officer in Charge and in 1937 being given the title director. He worked to investigate improved methods of handling white fish catches at sea, and was one of the first to emphasise the importance of storing fish at low temperatures and of quick freezing, leading to the technique of freezing freshly caught fish at sea which gained commercial acceptance from the early 1960s onwards.
In 1955 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Sir Edmund Hirst, Donald McArthur, John Barclay Tait, Cyril Lucas and Thomas Phemister.
He retired in 1964 and died, following a short illness, in Aberdeen Royal Infirmary on 20 January 1971. He is buried at Dunnottar churchyard near Stonehaven.

## Publications

* The Handling and Storage of White Fish at Sea (1929)

## Family

He was married to Tina Mary Margaret Shewan (1900–1980) in 1928. They had two children.
# Shun Akiyama

Shun Akiyama (秋山駿, Akiyama Shun, April 23, 1930 – October 2, 2013) was a Japanese literary critic and member of the Japan Art Academy.
He was born in Tokyo, and graduated from Waseda University in 1953 with a degree in French literature. Between 1979 and 1993 he was a professor at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, and from 1997 at Musashino University. He died, aged 83, in Tokyo.

## Books

* 『内部の人間』（1967, 南北社, のち晶文社）
* 『対談・私の文学』（1969, 講談社）
* 『無用の告発－存在のための考察』（1969, 河出書房）
* 『抽象的な逃走』冬樹社 1970
* 『歩行と貝殻』講談社 1970
* 『時が流れるお城が見える』（1971, 仮面社）
* 『考える兇器』冬樹社 1972
* 『小林秀雄と中原中也』　第三文明社(レグルス文庫) 1973
* 『作家論』 第三文明社 1973
* 『秋山駿批評　1』1973, 小沢書店
* 『地下室の手記』（1974, 徳間書店/1991年5月、日本文芸社）
* 『秋山駿批評 2』小沢書店 1975
* 『言葉の棘 』北洋社 1975
* 『文学への問い 秋山駿第一対談集』徳間書店 1975
* 『秋山駿文芸時評 1970・6-1973・12 』河出書房新社 1975
* 『内的生活』（1976, 講談社）
* 『秋山駿批評 3』小沢書店 1976
* 『知れざる炎　評伝中原中也』（1977, 河出書房新社/1991年5月, 講談社文芸文庫）
* 『架空のレッスン』小沢書店 1977
* 『批評のスタイル 』アディン書房 1978
* 『内的な理由』構想社 1979
* 『文学の目覚める時 秋山駿第二対談集』徳間書店 1979
* 『舗石の思想』 講談社 1980 (2002, 講談社文芸文庫)
* 『秋山駿批評 4』小沢書店 1981
* 『生の磁場 文芸時評1977～1981』小沢書店 1982
* 『本の顔本の声』福武書店 1982
* 『こころの詭計』（小沢書店 1983）
* 『魂と意匠　小林秀雄』（1985, 講談社）
* 『簡単な生活者の意見』（1988年, 小沢書店）
* 『恋愛の発見』小沢書店 1988
* 『人生の検証』（1990, 新潮社　のち新潮文庫/2002年5月, 新潮オンデマンドブックス）
* 『時代小説礼讃』（1990, 日本文芸社）
* 『歩行者の夢想 秋山駿自選評論集』学芸書林 1991
* 『路上の櫂歌』（1994, 小沢書店）
* 『信長』新潮社 1996（のち新潮文庫, 1999年）
* 『信長発見』共著（1997, 小沢書店　のち朝日文庫）
* 『砂粒の私記』(1997年, 講談社）
* 『作家と作品私のデッサン集成』(1998, 小沢書店）
* 『片耳の話　言葉はこころの杖』(2001, 光芒社）
* 『神経と夢想－私の「罪と罰」』(2003, 講談社）
* 『信長と日本人　魂の言葉で語れ!』(2004, 飛鳥新社）
* 『小説家の誕生　瀬戸内寂聴』(2004, おうふう）
* 『批評の透き間』(2005, 鳥影社）
* 『私小説という人生』（2006, 新潮社）
* 『内部の人間の犯罪 秋山駿評論集』 2007 講談社文芸文庫
* 『忠臣蔵』(2008年, 新潮社)
* 『「生」の日ばかり』講談社 2011

## Awards

* Gunzō Award for New Writers, literary criticism division (1960）
* Itō-Sei Literary Prize (1990）
* Noma Literary Prize (1996）
* Mainichi Publishing Culture Award (1996）
* Watsuji Tetsurō Culture Award (2003）
# TOPPS (research group)

TOPPS is a research group at Datalogisk institut, Copenhagen University (DIKU). TOPPS is an abbreviation of the Danish "Teori Og Praksis for ProgrammeringsSprog", which roughly translates into "Theory and practice of programming languages". The group web site states that they are a group of researchers with interest in "Semantics-based Program Analysis and Manipulation".
# Hangaard Township, Clearwater County, Minnesota

Hangaard Township is a township in Clearwater County, Minnesota, United States. The population was five at the 2010 census.
Hangaard Township was named for Gunder G. Hangaard, a pioneer settler and native of Norway.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 22.0 square miles (57 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 8 people, 4 households, and 2 families residing in the township. The population density was 0.4 inhabitants per square mile (0.15/km$^2$). There were 7 housing units at an average density of 0.3 per square mile (0.12/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 100.00% White.
There were 4 households, out of which 25.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 25.0% were married couples living together, and 50.0% were non-families. 50.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.00 and the average family size was 3.00.
In the township the population was spread out, with 37.5% under the age of 18, 37.5% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, . The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 166.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 400.0 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $50,417, and the median income for a family was $0. Males had a median income of $51,250 versus $0 for females. The per capita income for the township was $30,000. There were no families and 40.0% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.
# Saint-Romain-les-Atheux

Saint-Romain-les-Atheux (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Loire department in central France.
# 2012 Big Ten Conference men's soccer season

The 2012 Big Ten Conference men's soccer season was the 22nd season of men's varsity soccer in the conference. Penn State and Northwestern tied for first in the regular season, while Michigan State won the Big Ten Tournament. Indiana won the NCAA Tournament, winning their eighth title.

## Preseason

Northwestern and eventual national champions Indiana were picked to tie as the conference regular season champions.

### Preseason poll

| Projected Rank | School | 2011 Finish |
| T-1 | Northwestern | 1st |
| T-1 | Indiana | 4th |
| 3 | Michigan State | 5th |
| 4 | Ohio State | T-2nd |
| 5 | Penn State | 7th |
| 6 | Wisconsin | T-2nd |
| 7 | Michigan | 6th |

## Teams
### Stadia and locations

| Team | Location | Stadium | Capacity |
| Indiana Hoosiers | Bloomington, Indiana | Armstrong Stadium | 6,000 |
| Michigan Wolverines | Ann Arbor, Michigan | U-M Soccer Stadium | 2,200 |
| Michigan State Spartans | East Lansing, Michigan | DeMartin Soccer Complex | 2,500 |
| Northwestern Wildcats | Evanston, Illinois | Lakeside Field | 900 |
| Ohio State Buckeyes | Columbus, Ohio | Owens Memorial Stadium | 10,000 |
| Penn State Nittany Lions | State College, Pennsylvania | Jeffrey Field | 5,000 |
| Wisconsin Badgers | Madison, Wisconsin | McClimon Stadium | 2,000 |
* Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska and Purdue do not sponsor men's soccer

### Personnel

| Team | Head Coach | Shirt supplier |
| Indiana | Todd Yeagley | Adidas |
| Michigan | Chaka Daley | Adidas |
| Michigan State | Damon Rensing | Nike |
| Northwestern | Tim Lenahan | Under Armour |
| Ohio State | John Bluem | Nike |
| Penn State | Bob Warming | Nike |
| Wisconsin | John Trask | Adidas |

## Regular season
### Results

| Home \ Away | IND | MIC | MSU | NOR | OSU | PSU | WIS |
| Indiana | — | 1–2 | — | 1–1 | — | — | 2–0 |
| Michigan | — | — | 1–0 | — | 3–2 | 1–1 | — |
| Michigan State | 3–1 | — | — | 1–2 | — | — | 2–0 |
| Northwestern | — | 2–0 | — | — | 1–0 | 0–1 | — |
| Ohio State | 0–2 | — | 1–2 | — | — | — | 0–0 |
| Penn State | 0–1 | — | 2–1 | — | 4–4 | — | — |
| Wisconsin | — | 2–1 | — | 0–0 | — | 0–1 | — |

## Postseason
### Big Ten Tournament

| Semifinal | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | Penn State | 1 | | | |
| 5 | Michigan State | 3 | | | |
| 5 | Michigan State | 3 | 5 | Michigan State (OT) | 2 |
| | | | 3 | Michigan | 1 |
| 2 | Northwestern | 0 | 3 | Michigan | 1 |
| 3 | Michigan | 3 | | | |

### NCAA Tournament

| Seed | Region | School | 1st Round | 2nd Round | 3rd Round | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Final |
| 16 | 1 | Indiana | BYE | W 4–1 vs. Xavier – (Bloomington) | W, 2–1 vs. Notre Dame – (Notre Dame) | W, 1–0 vs. North Carolina – (Chapel Hill) | W, 1–0 vs. Creighton – (Hoover) | W, 1–0 vs. Georgetown – (Hoover) |
| — | 1 | Michigan State | W, 2–1 vs. Cleveland State – (East Lansing) | L, 0–3 vs. Notre Dame – (Notre Dame) | | | | |
| — | 2 | Michigan | W, 3–1 vs. Niagara – (Ann Arbor) | L, 1–2 vs. Akron – (Akron) | | | | |
| — | 4 | Northwestern | W 1–0 vs. Western Illinois – (Evanston) | W, 1–0 vs. Marquette – (Milwaukee) | L, 1–2 vs. Louisville – (Louisville) | | | |
# 2008 in Cape Verde

The following lists events that happened during 2008 in Cape Verde.

## Incumbents

* President: Pedro Pires
* Prime Minister: José Maria Neves

## Events

* January 9: food export ban from Santo Antão due to the agricultural pest, the Cape Verdean millipede (Spinotarsus caboverdus), lifted
* May 18: Local elections took place in the municipalities
* June 27: A new government under Prime Minister Neves was announced
* October 9: ISE, ISCEMAR and INAG were dissolved, having become part of the University of Cape Verde
* November 24: Universidade de Santiago opened in Assomada
* December 13: São Filipe Municipal Museum opened in the old town hall of São Filipe

## Sports

* Sporting Clube da Praia won the Cape Verdean Football Championship
# La Ville-aux-Bois-lès-Pontavert

La Ville-aux-Bois-lès-Pontavert (French pronunciation:, literally La Ville-aux-Bois near Pontavert) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
# George Adam Pfeiffer

George Adam Pfeiffer (16 July 1889, New York City – 28 December 1943) was an American mathematician.
Pfeiffer received in 1910 his master's degree in engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology and then his A.M. in 1911 and in 1914 his Ph.D. in mathematics from Columbia University. He spent the academic year 1914–1915 as a Benjamin Pierce Instructor at Harvard University and then in 1915 became an instructor at Princeton University. During WW I, he was in the U.S. army and at Princeton University taught meteorology to army aviation students. After the war he taught, starting as an instructor in February 1919, at Columbia University. There he became in 1924 an assistant professor and in 1931 an associate professor, in which position he remained until his death from a heart attack following minor surgery in 1943.
Pfeiffer is known for publishing the first example of a holomorphic function with a non-linearizable irrational indifferent fixed point. The question of the linearizability of fixed points is of great importance in complex dynamics. After Pfeiffer's example, Hubert Cremer gave various criteria for the non-linearizability of irrational indifferent fixed points, while Carl Ludwig Siegel in 1942 gave conditions which imply the linearizability of such fixed points.
Pfeiffer was on the editorial staff of Annals of Mathematics.

## Sources

* Daniel Alexander, Felice Iavernaro, Alessandro Rosa: Early days in complex dynamics: a history of complex dynamics in one variable 1906-1940, History of Mathematics 38, American Mathematical Society 2012; biography of Pfeiffer on p. 365

## Selected publications

* "On the conformal geometry of analytic arcs." American Journal of Mathematics 37, no. 4 (1915): 395–430. doi:10.2307/2370214
* "Note on the linear dependence of analytic functions." Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 23, no. 3 (1916): 117–118. MR1559879
* "A property of the level lines of a region with a rectifiable boundary." Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 34, no. 5 (1928): 656–664. MR1561631