OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Geographical centre of Switzerland

The geographical centre of Switzerland has the coordinates 46°48′4″N 8°13′36″E﻿ / ﻿46.80111°N 8.22667°E﻿ / 46.80111; 8.22667 (Swiss Grid: 660158/183641). It is located at Älggi-Alp in the municipality of Sachseln, Obwalden. The point is the centre of mass determined in 1988 by Swisstopo.
As the point is difficult to access, a stone was set 500 m further south-east on Älggi Alp (1645 m). This symbolizes the centre of Switzerland and is located at 46°47′54″N 8°13′55″E﻿ / ﻿46.79833°N 8.23194°E﻿ / 46.79833; 8.23194﻿ (Marker for the geographic centre of Switzerland) (Swiss Grid: 660557/183338). A plaque on the stone commemorates the winner of the "Swiss of the Year" award.
# Pseudonectria

Pseudonectria is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae.

## Species

* Pseudonectria aquifolii
* Pseudonectria bambusae
* Pseudonectria bambusina
* Pseudonectria callorioides
* Pseudonectria casaresii
* Pseudonectria ciliata
* Pseudonectria coffeicola
* Pseudonectria collorioides
* Pseudonectria furfurella
* Pseudonectria gigaspora
* Pseudonectria maranhensis
* Pseudonectria musae
* Pseudonectria ornata
* Pseudonectria pachysandricola
* Pseudonectria pipericola
* Pseudonectria reticulospora
* Pseudonectria rousseliana
* Pseudonectria strasseri
* Pseudonectria sulphurata
* Pseudonectria tabacina
* Pseudonectria tilachlidii
# Ian David

Ian David is an Australian writer, best known for his work in television, particularly adaptations of true stories such as Police Crop: The Winchester Conspiracy, Joh's Jury and Blue Murder.

## Select Credits

* A Country Practice
* Police Crop: The Winchester Conspiracy (1990) – TV movie
* Joh's Jury (1992) – TV movie
* Blue Murder (1995) – mini series
* Bad Cop, Bad Cop (2002) – TV series
* The Shark Net (2003) – TV mini series
* 3 Acts of Murder (2009) – TV movie
* Killing Time (2011) – TV mini series
# Aphelia effigies

Aphelia effigies is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the country of Georgia.
# Jeffrey Reeves

Jeffrey Reeves (born 15 January 1936) is a British rower. He competed in the men's coxed pair event at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Anton Teutenberg

Ferdinand Anton Nicolaus Teutenberg (4 December 1840 – 2 October 1933) was a New Zealand stonemason, carver, engraver, medallist and jeweller. He was born in Hüsten, Germany, in 1840. Teutenberg was the son of a gunsmith, who worked for Frederick William IV of Prussia. Teutenberg was taught masonry and carving techniques by his father.
When Teutenberg visited New Zealand in 1866, he worked on carvings that became part of the Auckland High Court and Pitt Street Methodist Church, after a chance meeting with architects Amos and Taylor.
# Udea uralica

Udea uralica is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Slamka in 2013. It is found on the Asiatic slopes of the Polar Ural Mountains, the Altai Mountains and Sayan Mountains. The habitat consists of willow-grass tundra.
# Akona

Akona is a small village 15 km south-east of Kulpahar. It has ruins from the Chandela period.
# Psilocybe caeruleoannulata

Psilocybe caeruleoannulata is a species of psilocybin mushroom found in Uruguay and Brazil, where it grows on marshy grounds, grasslands, or pastures. It is the most common Psilocybe species in the Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
# Cultural Palace of Nationalities

The Cultural Palace of Nationalities (民族文化宫) is located in Beijing's Xicheng District, on West Chang'an Avenue. Built in September 1959, it is one of the Ten Great Buildings and was registered as the first of 55 museums in the city. The building houses a museum, an art gallery, a library, an art institute, a theater, a guesthouse, and other facilities. It is under the administration of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China.

## Architecture

The Cultural Palace of Nationalities was built by the master of contemporary Chinese architecture Zhang Bo, whose well-known works include the Great Hall, Beijing Hotel, Friendship Hotel and Diaoyutai State Guesthouse. It covers 32,000 m$^2$. The main building has 13 floors and is 67 meters high. The east and west sides are surrounded by wings, with a central exhibition hall extending north. The exterior is predominantly white, with peacock-blue glazed tile roof eaves. Characters over its entrance spell "solidarity" and "progress."

## Function

The mission of the Culture Palace is to serve and educate the various minority cultures of the country. The collection of National Culture Palace includes over 60 million literature and science text books. The basic display for the "Chinese Traditional Culture Series" exhibition, and theater performances will be from time to time various national art. In recent years, the building also provides exhibition space to other types of exhibitions organized.
In 1979, the National Palace Museum changed its name to the National Palace Hall. The museum's collection contains cultural relics of ethnic minorities in China to promote minority cultures. Large collections of arts and crafts, costumes, musical instruments, and religious articles show the culture of the Chinese of all ethnic groups, and witness the historical development of all ethnic groups.
39°54′34″N 116°22′09″E﻿ / ﻿39.90944°N 116.36917°E﻿ / 39.90944; 116.36917
# Save My Lost Nigga Soul

Save My Lost Nigga Soul is a 1993 Canadian short film, directed by Clement Virgo. An adaptation of the story of Cain and Abel, it was made while Virgo was a student at the Canadian Film Centre.
The film is about two Black Canadian brothers who live together but do not see eye to eye because one is a drug addict. Meanwhile their roommate, an aspiring stand-up comedian, is planning to use material about their disputes in his forthcoming performance debut.
Virgo's later feature film Love Come Down was an expansion on the themes of Save My Lost Nigga Soul.

## Achievements and awards

The film won the Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian Short Film at the 1993 Toronto International Film Festival, and was nominated for the Genie Award for Best Theatrical Short Film at the 15th Genie Awards.
# Gunderup (manor house)

Gunderup is a manor house located in Køge Municipality, Denmark. It has been associated with Vallø since its establishment in 1592 and is today managed as a farm under Vallø stift.

## History

Gunderup was originally a village that belonged to Vallø in 1421. The Gunderup estate was established as a farm (ladegård) under Vester Vallø by Mette Rosenkrantz in 1582. Vallø was from the mid-16th to the mid-17th century divided into a western and an eastern estate.
In 1610, Mette Rosenkrantz' son Oluf Steen Rosensparre gave Gunderup to his wife as a widow seat. She owned both Gunderup and Vester Vallø until her death in 1638. The estates were then taken over by Christen Skeel, who already owned Øster Vallø. Since then Gunderup has remained in the hands of the same owners as Vallø. Queen Sophie Magdalene founded Vallø stift in 1737.

## Architecture

The main building is from 1861. It is a white-rendered, single-storey building built in red brick and has a slate roof.

## Today

Gunderup is managed as a farm under Vallø stift.

## List of owners

* (1582–1588) Mette Rosenkrantz, widow (1) Rosensparre, (2) Oxe
* (1588–1624) Oluf Steen Rosensparre
* (1624–1638) Elisabeth Gyldenstjerne, widow Rosensparre
* (1638–1659) Christen Albretsen Skeel
* (1659–1695) Otto Skeel
* (1695–1707) Christen Skeel
* (1707–1708) Christian Siegfried von Plessen
* (1708–1713) The Crown
* (1713–1730) Queen Anna Sophie Reventlow
* (1730–1731) The Crown
* (1731–1737) Queen Sophie Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
* (1737–present) Vallø stift
# George Ducas (album)

George Ducas is the debut studio album by American country music singer George Ducas. It was released in September 1994 on Liberty Records, and peaked at number 57. It featured four singles: "Teardrops" (number 38), "Hello Cruel World" (number 52), "Kisses Don't Lie" (number 72), and his biggest hit, "Lipstick Promises", which reached number 9.

## Critical reception

Rating it 3 out of 5 stars, Bill Hobbs of the Tampa Bay Times called the album's sound "so classic and yet so contemporary". He also considered the single "Lipstick Promises" to be the strongest track, comparing it favorably to Roy Orbison.

## Personnel
### Musicians

* Richard Bennett - acoustic guitar, electric guitar
* Billy Bremner - electric guitar
* Mike Brignardello - bass guitar
* Terry Crisp - pedal steel guitar
* Chad Cromwell - drums
* George Ducas - acoustic guitar
* Dan Dugmore - pedal steel guitar, acoustic guitar
* Glen Duncan - fiddle
* Dave Hoffner - piano, Hammond B-3 organ
* Larry Marrs - bass guitar
* Angelo Petraglia - acoustic guitar, electric guitar
* Hank Singer - fiddle
* Billy Thomas - drums

### Background vocals

* Deryl Dodd
* George Ducas
* Jim Lauderdale
* Kim Richey
* Harry Stinson

### Nashville Mandolin Ensemble

* Butch Baldassari - leader, first mandolin
* John Mock - arrangement, first mandolin
* Rob Haines - first mandolin
* Bob Alenko - second mandolin
* Fred Carpenter - second mandolin
* Charlie Derrington - mandola
* John Hedgecloth - mandocello

### Strings

* John Catchings - leader, cello
* Richard Grosjean - viola
* Mary Van Osdale - violin
* David Davidson - violin
* Pamela Sixfin - violin
* Christian Teal - violin

### Technical

* Richard Bennett - producer
* John Hampton - recording ("Teardrops" and "Kisses Don't Lie")
* Dave Hoffner - string arrangement
* Denny Purcell - mastering
* Rocky Schnarrs - recording (except "Teardrops" and "Kisses Don't Lie")

## Chart performance

| Chart (1995) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Top Country Albums | 57 |
| U.S. Billboard Top Heatseekers | 36 |
# Frankenstein 90

Frankenstein 90 is a 1984 French comedy film directed, produced and written by Alain Jessua. The film stars Jean Rochefort and Eddy Mitchell.

## Release

The film was released in France on VHS in 1995.

## Reception

Variety stated that Alain Jessua and Paul Gégauff "manages some facile but amiable comic situations" but that "Jessua gropes unsuccessfully for the right macabre-satiric tone." The review stated that Eddy Mitchell was "an inveterate film buff" and "no doubt had fun with the part," but that "Rochefort and other players seem less at ease." AllMovie gave the film one and a half stars out of five, calling it an "uneven spoof".
# Graceville Colony, South Dakota

Graceville Colony is a census-designated place (CDP) corresponding to the Gracevale Hutterite colony in Lake County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 21 at the 2020 census. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.
It is in the southwest part of the county, on the east side of the East Fork of the Vermillion River, a south-flowing tributary of the Missouri River. It is 8 miles (13 km) southeast of Winfred and 14 miles (23 km) southwest of Madison, the county seat.
# Ida-Virumaa FC Alliance

Ida-Virumaa FC Alliance is an Estonian football club operating in Ida-Viru County. They play in the Esiliiga, the second highest level of Estonian football league pyramid. The club was created in 2012, when Kohtla-Järve JK Alko and Kohtla-Järve FC Lootus joined. Before 2021, the team was called Kohtla-Järve JK Järve.
Before the 2023 season, the club moved their home matches from Spordikeskuse Staadion in Kohtla-Järve to Kiviõli Arena in Kiviõli.

## Players
### Current squad

As of 25 September 2023.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 1 | GK | UKR | Artur Shamanskyi |
| 2 | DF | CMR | Jean Marie Wadjonre Amadou |
| 4 | DF | EST | Alex Boronilstsikov |
| 5 | DF | EST | Grigori Mitsuk |
| 6 | FW | EST | Aleks Vitrikus |
| 7 | MF | EST | Danila Tsogankov |
| 8 | MF | EST | Maksim Miskov |
| 9 | FW | EST | Konstantin Pavlov |
| 10 | FW | EST | Mihhail Orlov |
| 12 | FW | EST | Eduard Zotov (on loan from Jõhvi FC Phoenix) |
| 14 | DF | EST | Kirill Koskor |
| 15 | DF | EST | Maksim Jakovlev |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 17 | DF | BRA | Paulo Vitor |
| 19 | FW | UKR | Marek Satov |
| 22 | MF | EST | Ivan Ivanov |
| 24 | MF | EST | Arkadi Butenko |
| 25 | DF | EST | Ramaz Kardava |
| 27 | GK | EST | Ilja Barkanov |
| 28 | FW | UKR | Akim Sutskov |
| 30 | FW | EST | Raivo Saar |
| 31 | DF | EST | Roman Nikonorov |
| 69 | GK | EST | Nikita Kanev |
| 70 | MF | RUS | Iraklii Torinava |
| 99 | FW | EST | Vadim Velikanov |

### Out on loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 11 | MF | EST | Roland Kardava (at Levadia U21) |

## Seasons in Estonian football

| Season | League | Pos | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Avg. Att. | Top Scorer | Notes |
| 2013 | Esiliiga B | 10 | 36 | 4 | 5 | 27 | 26 | 79 | −53 | 17 | 35 | Grigori Tipukin (9) | as Kohtla-Järve JK Järve |
| 2014 | Esiliiga B | 7 | 36 | 11 | 4 | 21 | 53 | 77 | −24 | 37 | 43 | Alexander Nikulin (7) | as Kohtla-Järve JK Järve |
| 2015 | Esiliiga B | 2 | 36 | 21 | 9 | 6 | 66 | 29 | +37 | 72 | 61 | Aleksei Tihhonov (9) | as Kohtla-Järve JK Järve |
| 2016 | Esiliiga | 10 | 36 | 8 | 6 | 22 | 42 | 97 | –55 | 30 | 58 | Lasha Kemukhtashvili (8) | as Kohtla-Järve JK Järve |
| 2017 | Esiliiga B | 5 | 36 | 15 | 6 | 15 | 55 | 48 | +7 | 51 | 66 | German Narnitski and Aleksei Tihhonov (12) | as Kohtla-Järve JK Järve |
| 2018 | Esiliiga B | 3 | 36 | 21 | 6 | 9 | 80 | 39 | +41 | 69 | 74 | Aleksandr Ivanjusin (14) | as Kohtla-Järve JK Järve |
| 2019 | Esiliiga | 7 | 36 | 12 | 4 | 20 | 51 | 82 | –31 | 40 | 72 | Raivo Saar (17) | as Kohtla-Järve JK Järve |
| 2020 | Esiliiga | 10 | 30 | 1 | 3 | 26 | 13 | 91 | –78 | 3 | ? | Gleb Pevtsov (4) | as Kohtla-Järve JK Järve |
| 2021 | Esiliiga B | 3 | 32 | 17 | 2 | 13 | 63 | 70 | -7 | 53 | ? | Mihhail Orlov (20) | as Ida-Virumaa FC Alliance |
| 2022 | Esiliiga | 8 | 36 | 8 | 3 | 25 | 29 | 105 | -76 | 27 | ? | Mihhail Orlov and Roland Kardava (7) | as Ida-Virumaa FC Alliance |
| 2023 | Esiliiga | 10 | 36 | 6 | 2 | 28 | 50 | 123 | -73 | 20 | ? | Mihhail Orlov (16) | as Ida-Virumaa FC Alliance |
# Aradus similis

Aradus similis is a species of flat bug in the family Aradidae. It is found in North America.
# Cure All

Cure All is an album by keyboardist Robert Walter. The recording features James Singleton (bass) and Johnny Vidacovich (drums). AllMusic states that Cure All is soul-jazz with "a healthy balance of intellect and funkiness". All About Jazz states Cure All's "simplicity is refreshing rather than predictable" and that Walter's sidemen for the album are known for their appreciation for the spirit of New Orleans.

## Track listing

* "Snakes and Spiders" - 4:31
* "Money Changes" - 3:11
* "Cure All" - 3:26
* "Coupe" - 3:31
* "Scores of Spores" - 4:07
* "Parts and Holes" - 5:36
* "Rivers of Babylon" - 3:23
* "Maple Plank" - 4:16
* "Box of Glass" - 2:23
* "Measure Up" - 3:25
* "Hillary Street" - 4:16
* "Bulldog Run" - 5:26
* "T" - 3:40

## Personnel

* Robert Walter - Hammond organ, Fender Rhodes, piano, clavinet, percussion
* James Singleton - double bass
* Johnny Vidacovich - drums, cymbals
# Kollam G. K. Pillai

Kollam G. K. Pillai was an Indian actor in Malayalam cinema. He acted in more than 50 films. He handled character roles and comedy roles during the 1970s and 1980s. He died on 30 January 2016.

## Career

He was a theater artist turned movie actor. He entered into the field of dramas in 1950 through school festivals. He became active in theater with the famous drama Dahajalam in 1962. He has performed many famous plays on more than 4000 stages; these include Dahajalam, Neethipeedam, Rajadoothu, Ayiram Arakkilam, and Accident. Masappady Mathupillai (1973), directed by A. N. Thampi, was his debut movie. He worked as a conductor at Kerala State Road Transport Corporation. He acted in many television serials as well. He was not active in movies for a long time since the loss of his eyesight.

## Personal life

He was born to Nair parents Ammachiveedu Radhabhavan K.P. Gopalapillai and Kunjiyamma on 29 August 1934 at Kollam. He was married to Madhavikuttiyamma and the couple had four children, Jayasree, Ushakumari, Vijayasree and Bindusree. He was settled at Sankaramangalam in Chavara, Kollam. He died on 30 January 2016 at his daughter's house Oyoor in Kollam due to age-related ailments. He was 82.

## Partial filmography

* Masappady Mathupillai (1973)
* Mucheettukalikkaarante Makal (1975)
* Pushpasharam (1976)
* Mukkuvane Snehicha Bhootham (1978)
* Choola (1979)
* Sayoojyam (1979)
* Lajjavathi (1979)
* Chandrahasam (1980)
* Deepam (1980)
* Vedikkettu (1980)
* Ithikkara Pakki (1980)
* Ivar
* Sooryan (1982)
* Justice Raja as Rajasekharan's father (1983)
* Kurishuyudham as Paappi (1984) as Paappi
* Swanthamevide Bandhamevide (1984)
* Ivide Thudangunnu as PC Pasu Villa (1984)
* Aa Neram Alppa Dooram (1985)
* Ulsavappittennu (1988)
* Nagarangalil Chennu Raparkam (1990) as Karyasthan
* Arabikkadaloram (1995)

## As a singer

* Kothikkothi as Pushpasharam (1976)

### Television serials

* Manasaputhri (Asianet)
* Pakida Pakida Pambaram (Doordarshan)
* Nilavilakku (Surya Tv)
* Hallo Kuttichathan (Asianet)
* Autograph (Asianet)
# Scattergood Pulls the Strings

Scattergood Pulls the Strings is a 1941 American comedy film directed by Christy Cabanne and written by Christy Cabanne and Bernard Schubert. It is the sequel to the 1941 film Scattergood Baines. The film stars Guy Kibbee, Bobs Watson, Susan Peters, James Corner, Emma Dunn, Dink Trout and Monte Blue. The film was released on May 23, 1941, by RKO Pictures.

## Plot

Store owner Scattergood Baines helps a boy find his runaway father, who has escaped prison after being falsely accused, and a young scientist who is trying to invent a television with colors, while being opposed by his girlfriend's father.

## Cast

* Guy Kibbee as Scattergood Baines
* Bobs Watson as Jimmy Jordan
* Susan Peters as Ruth Savage
* James Corner as Urban Downs
* Emma Dunn as Mirandy Baines
* Dink Trout as Pliny Pickett
* Monte Blue as Ben Mott
* Carl Stockdale as Squire Pettibone
* Paul White as Hipp
* Fern Emmett as Clara Potts
* Lee 'Lasses' White as Ed Potts
* Ann Shoemaker as Mrs. Downs
* Gordon Hart as Homer Savage
* Howard C. Hickman as Withers
* Earle Hodgins as Deputy
# Antonin de Selliers de Moranville

Antonin Leonard Maurice Ghislain, Knight de Selliers de Moranville (Saint-Josse-ten-Noode 1852 – Ixelles 1945) was a Belgian military officer.

## Early life

He was born into a Catholic noble family; his father was Léonard de Selliers de Moranville, knight of Selliers de Moranville (1803–1856). He married Octavie Hector, with whom he had 7 children. Until 1869 he studied at the École Royale Militaire.

## Career

Second Lieutenant in 1871. Colonel in 1902. In 1904, he was Commander in Chief of the Gendarmerie, a military force with law enforcement duties, until 1914. He was Chief Commander of the Belgian army from 25 May until 6 September 1914. During his assignment the Kingdom was invaded by German troops and the Belgian mobilization started. On 6 September he was dismissed by the King, under the advice of Lieutenant General Baron Louis de Ryckel. The same Decree abolished the function of Chief of Staff. In this way the King secured control of the force.
He is buried in the cemetery of Neder-Over-Heembeek.

## Honours

* Belgium:
** Croix de Guerre.
** Grand Officer in the Order of Leopold.
** Grand Officer in the Order of the Crown.
* Russian Empire: Grand Cordon in the Imperial Order of Saint Anna.
* Netherlands: Grand Officer in the Order of Orange-Nassau.
* United Kingdom: Honorary Knight Commander in the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George.
* Kingdom of Portugal: Knight Commander in the Royal Military Order of Our Lord Jesus Christ.
* France: Knight in the Legion of Honour.
* Kingdom of Greece: Knight of the Order of the Redeemer.
* Honorary Citizen of Rouen.
Military offices :
| Preceded byAuguste de Ceuninck | Chief of the General Staff of the Belgian Army 25 May 1914 – 6 September 1914 | Succeeded byFélix Wielemans |
# Tlaloc (fish)

Tlaloc is a genus of fish in the family Profundulidae endemic to Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras. The genus is not, however, recognised by Fishbase or in the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World. The genus is named for Tlaloc the water god of the Aztecs.

## Species

As delineated in 2015 there are 4 recognized species in this genus:
* Tlaloc candalarius (C. L. Hubbs, 1924) (Headwater killifish)
* Tlaloc hildebrandi (R. R. Miller, 1950) (Popoyote or Chiapas killifish)
* Tlaloc labialis (Günther, 1866) (Large-lip killifish)
* Tlaloc portillorum (Matamoros & J. F. Schaefer, 2010) (Ulúan killifish)
# Geological history of Europe

The formation of Europe as a coherent landmass dates to after the breakup of Pangaea, taking place during the Oligocene and completed by the early Neogene period, some 20 million years ago.

## Pre-Pleistocene

During the Lower Paleozoic Era, Proto-Europe acquired a large piece of crust, known as East Avalonia, that would eventually become northwestern Scotland. Avalonia itself would eventually separate into the eastern coastal region of North America, divided by the Atlantic Ocean, from southern Ireland, England, Wales, Belgium, and the Netherlands.
Alpine orogeny started as early as the Mesozoic with the formation of the Alpide belt, some 200 Mya. Even earlier orogenies relevant for the ultimate formation of Europe are the Caledonian orogeny, some 400 Mya and the Variscan orogeny, some 300 Mya.
Until the lower Oligocene period, about 32 Mya, the future lands of Europe were an island continent, separated from Asia by a shallow sea, but possessing intermittent land-bridge connections to North America via Greenland. Many animal species from the much larger North America colonized Europe during these times. As sea levels changed and sediments accumulated, the sea between Europe and Asia gradually dried out and Europe became a western appendage of the Earth's largest land mass.

## Pleistocene

The Pleistocene epoch lasted from 2.6 million years ago until 12,000 years ago. During this period there were a number of glacial and inter-glacial periods. During the glacial periods there were large drops in sea level, so the coast-line was greatly modified. The final major cold spell occurred from 25,000 to 18,000 years ago and is known as the Last Glacial Maximum when the Fenno-Scandinavian ice sheet covered much of northern Europe while the Alpine ice sheet occupied significant parts of central-southern Europe. However, there were several less cold periods after this. The epoch ends with the Younger Dryas when there were small ice sheets in Scotland and Scandinavia.

## Holocene

The Holocene has lasted from 12,000 years ago to the present. It can be subdivided into a number of climatic stages: Preboreal, Boreal, Atlantic, Subboreal, and Subatlantic. Its main features have been the rise in sea level and the isostatic recovery from the weight of the ice sheets in the north. This has led to flooding of the continental shelf around the British Isles and may have resulted in the Black Sea becoming saline.