OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Itanda Falls

The Itanda Falls are rapids on the White Nile river in Uganda. They are a challenge for kayakers, being graded at the highest level of difficulty.
# Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris

Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, bacterium. The bacteria are acidophilic and produce endospores. It was first isolated from soil. The species was originally classified as Bacillus acidoterrestris in 1987, but further 16S rRNA studies found that the species belonged in the newly created genus Alicyclobacillus. The species name is derived from the Latin acidum (acid) and terrestris (from the earth), referring to its acidophilic nature and that it was isolated from soil.
Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris was among the first three species reclassified from the genus Bacillus to the newly created Alicyclobacillus in 1992, along with A. acidocaldarius and A. cycloheptanicus.
The optimum growth temperature for A. acidoterrestris is 42-53 °C, and can grow in the 35-55 °C range, and in pH 2.2-5.8.
# Toquima National Forest

Toquima National Forest was established by the U.S. Forest Service in Nevada on April 15, 1907 with 368,000 acres (1,490 km$^2$). On July 1, 1908 the entire forest was transferred to Toiyabe National Forest and the name was discontinued.
# Tirupati–Karimnagar Superfast Express

The 12761 / 12762 Tirupati–Karimnagar Superfast Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Karimnagar in India. It is currently being operated with 12761/12762 train numbers on bi-weekly basis.

## Service

The 12761/Tirupati–Karimnagar Superfast Express has an average speed of 58 km/h and covers 713 km in 12h 15m. The 12762/Karimnagar–Tirupati Superfast Express has an average speed of 55 km/h and covers 713 km in 12h 55m.

## Route & Halts

The important halts of the train are:
* Tirupati
* Renigunta Junction
* Sri Kalahasti
* Gudur Junction
* Vijayawada Junction
* Madhira
* Khammam
* Mahbubabad
* Warangal
* Jammikunta
* Peddapalli Junction
* Karimnagar

## Coach composition

The train has standard ICF rakes with a maximum speed of 110 km/h. The train consists of 21 coaches:
* 2 AC II Tier
* 2 AC III Tier
* 12 Sleeper coaches
* 5 General Unreserved
* 2 Seating cum Luggage Rake

## Traction

Both trains are hauled by a Lallaguda Loco Shed-based WAP-7 or electric locomotive from Tirupati to Karimnagar and vice versa.

## Rake sharing

The train shares its rake with 17007/17008 Secunderabad–Darbhanga Express and 12769/12770 Seven Hills Express.

## Direction reversal

The train reverses its direction 1 times:
* Peddapalli Junction
# Sextus Julius Caesar (governor of Syria)

Sextus Julius Sex. f. Sex. n. Caesar was a cousin of the Roman general Gaius Julius Caesar, and served as one of his lieutenants during the Civil War. He was killed in a revolt of the soldiers while still a young man.

## Family

Sextus was the son of Sextus Julius Caesar, the Flamen Quirinalis, and grandson of Sextus Julius Caesar, who was consul in 91 BC. Although some scholars have supposed that he was identical with the flamen, Appian describes him as "very young" in 47 BC; the consul Sextus had died in 89, and the flamen held a very senior priesthood some ten years before the time that his son was so described by Appian. Sextus' grandfather, the consul, was an uncle of Gaius Julius Caesar, under whom the young Sextus would serve during the Civil War.

## Career

In 49 BC, early in the Civil War, Sextus was in Spain, serving in the army of his cousin, who dispatched him as an ambassador to Marcus Terentius Varro, one of Pompeius' commanders, whom Caesar later pardoned after the Battle of Pharsalus. At the end of the Alexandrine War in 47 BC, Caesar gave Sextus the command of Syria. It is unclear precisely what titles he held; Broughton suggests that he was one of Caesar's military tribunes in 49, then quaestor in 48; in Syria he may have been Caesar's legate, or perhaps proquaestor pro praetore; in either case he was governor of Syria.
At this time, Quintus Caecilius Bassus, one of Pompeius' lieutenants, who had fled to Tyre after the Battle of Pharsalus, endeavoured to gain the support of some of Sextus' soldiers. When the governor discovered his activity, Bassus gave the excuse that he was collecting troops to assist Mithridates of Pergamon. Bassus then spread the rumour that Caesar had been defeated and killed in Africa, and claimed that he had been appointed governor of Syria. He marched against Sextus, who defeated him; but then induced Sextus' own soldiers to revolt and slay their commander. Bassus claimed the title of praetor, and most of Sextus' troops, although a few remained loyal, and fled to Cilicia. Caesar then assigned Syria to Quintus Cornificius, then in Cilicia.
# 1976 Bolivian census

The Eighth Census of Bolivia is the national census of Bolivia conducted in 1976. The population was 4,613,486.
# Archibasis

Archibasis is a genus of damselflies belonging to the family Coenagrionidae. These damselflies are generally medium-sized with bright colouring. Archibasis occurs in southern Asia, Indonesia, New Guinea and Australia.

## Species

The genus Archibasis includes the following species:
* Archibasis crucigera Lieftinck, 1949
* Archibasis incisura Lieftinck, 1949
* Archibasis lieftincki Conniff & Bedjacnic, 2013
* Archibasis melanocyana (Selys, 1877)
* Archibasis mimetes (Tillyard, 1913)
* Archibasis oscillans (Selys, 1877)
* Archibasis rebeccae Kemp, 1989
* Archibasis tenella Lieftinck, 1949
* Archibasis viola Lieftinck, 1949
# Don Kho

Don Kho is an island village in the People's Democratic Republic of Lao, located in Champasak Province. It sits in the main stream of the Mekong River upstream (northwest) of Pakse

## General information

Don Kho is a small island in the Mekong River with a population of roughly 450 people. It is located several kilometres upstream from the Southern Lao city of Pakse. The villagers here depend very largely on fishing as a source of livelihood. Much of the fish is sold for cash income and used to buy other products and produce. The island is also covered in idyllic rice paddies which provide another source of food for the locals. There has been some tension on the island recently with the local district setting up a "no fishing" exclusion zone in part of the waterways, potentially impacting upon livelihoods.
Lao Airlines Flight 301 crashed near Don Kho on 16 October 2013.

## Tourist Industry

There is a very small silk-weaving industry on the island, which is regarded highly for the quality of silk and the patterns produced. The island does not have electricity or running water, but tourists are welcome to visit during the day. Currently very few tourists visit this island (at times there are none for months on end) as the resources and attractions are limited. To get there one would need to pay a local boat operator some kip to take you across to the island. The islanders hope, in time, to develop a more substantial tourism industry on the island, but currently do not have the means to do so.
The island does now have electricity .

## Other features

The island features a small school and surprisingly dramatic temple which was originally built by the French, now used by the Buddhist monks on the island. The temple complex also features a large bell tower which is used by the monks to signal meal times for those on the island. Now there is electricity on the Island {220 volts}
# SASTRA-CNR Rao Award

SASTRA-CNR Rao Award is an award instituted by SASTRA University, a private and deemed university in the town of Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, to honor excellence in chemistry and material science, the two areas in which C N R Rao has made great, important and substantial contributions. The Award was instituted in 2013 and the first award was presented jointly to Suresh Das the then Director of National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram and Sourav Pal, the Director of National Chemical Laboratory, Pune on 28 February 2014. The award carries a cash prize of Rs. 5 lakh and a citation.

## Awardees

Recipients of SASTRA-CNR Rao Award :
| Year | Name | Affiliation at the time of the award |
| 2014 | Suresh Das | National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram |
| 2014 | Sourav Pal | National Chemical Laboratory, Pune |
| 2015 | K N Ganesh | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune |
| 2015 | V Chandrasekhar | National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar |
| 2016 | T K Chandraeskhar | Science and Engineering Research Board |
| 2016 | N Sathyamurthy | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali |
| 2017 | Baldev Raj | National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore |
| 2017 | S Chandrasekhar | Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad |
| 2018 | A K Sood | |
| 2018 | Santanu Bhattacharya | Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore |
| 2019 | G U Kulkarni | Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Bangalore |
| 2019 | R Murugavel | IIT Bombay |
| 2020 | J N Moorthy | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram |
| 2020 | S Sampath | Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore |
| 2021 | A K Ganguli | Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi |
| 2021 | G Mugesh | Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore |
| 2022 | T Govindaraju | Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore |
| 2022 | Sandeep Verma | Science and Engineering Research Board, New Delhi |
# Yeşilöz, Alanya

Yeşilöz (previously Domalan) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Alanya, Antalya Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,270 (2022). It is a beach resort village on the south Mediterranean coast. Yeşilöz has a large sandy beach that stretches for about 3 km. There are several small shops, a variety of restaurants, a barber, 2 hotels and some of Turkey's most exclusive private villas.
Situated on the coast road between the Alanya town center and Antalya Gazipaşa Airport, the village also has a regular bus service. The buses run every 15 minutes and are available from early morning until late night. The road is dotted with fish restaurants, hotels, and shops. Many of the restaurants along the beach have private sections of the beaches reserved for guests.
Yeşilöz is about 15 minutes from Gazipaşa going south and 15 minutes from Alanya going north. The new international airport, Gazipaşa Airport, is 15 minutes from Yeşilöz.
There are major development plans for a golf course above Yeşilöz.
The Taurus Mountains behind the village are the source of the river that flows into the sea, and the mountains are covered with trees planted by the Turkish government. The main economic activities are farming and tourism, and the village is in a protected development area which has restricted all developments to single villas.
Yeşilöz is one of the destinations of the boat trips from Alanya's harbour, with boats anchoring in the inlets and coves up the coast towards Gazipaşa.
# The Godwin Building

The Godwin Building is an historic building in Newtown, Pennsylvania. Built in 1868 as a bank, the building is now a law office.

## History

The building was constructed in 1868 by Barclay Smith to house a new financial venture, the Newtown Banking Company. The Newtown Banking Company financed The Philadelphia and Newtown Railroad, a Newtown-based railroad company that built rails from Philadelphia to Newtown. By 1878, the bank had failed.
A 1905 photograph showed that the building, then owned by Mark Granite, housed a general store . In 1941 it was named the Keller Memorial Building after owner Clayton Keller, who worked there as a barber for over 30 years.
In 1983 it became The Godwin Building when it was purchased by Robert A. Godwin, an attorney who renovated it for his law practice. The building has also been home to a number to a psychotherapy practice, accounting firm, nail and hair salons, and a gift shop.
# Shabaana Khader

Shabaana A. Khader is an Indian-American microbiologist who is the Bernard and Betty Roizman Professor of Microbiology at the University of Chicago. She is also the Chair of the Department of Microbiology. In an effort to design new vaccines and therapeutic strategies, Khader studies host-pathogen interactions in infectious disease.

## Early life and education

Khader grew up in India. She attended Bharathidasan University, where she earned an undergraduate degree in zoology in 1995. She completed an undergraduate degree in biomedical genetics at the University of Madras. She was a doctoral researcher in biotechnology at the Madurai Kamaraj University. Her research considered host-pathogen interactions during leprosy, a disease caused by mycobacteria. After earning her doctorate in 2004, she was a postdoc at the Trudeau Institute under the mentorship of Dr. Andrea Cooper, working on host-immune responses in tuberculosis. At Trudeau, Khader demonstrated that the cytokine Interleukin-17 played a critical role in vaccine-induced immunity to the infectious disease tuberculosis. She studied and described the role Interleukin 12 (IL-12) cytokines play in tuberculosis infection.

## Research and career

Khader joined the University of Pittsburgh in 2007 and studied mycobacterium tuberculosis and francisella tularensis and the role of cytokines in immunity. Khader moved her research team to Washington University in St. Louis in 2013. In 2022, Khader moved to the University of Chicago, and was appointed chair of the Department of Microbiology.
Khader's research considers the complex host-pathogen interactions that take place in infectious disease. In these interactions, the bacterium can escape the granuloma, spreading as a pathogenic organism throughout a host. She looks to inform the design of new diagnostic tests and novel vaccines.

## Awards and honors

* 2021 Elected Fellow of American Society for Microbiology
* 2021 Executive Leadership in Academic Medicine Program

## Selected publications

* Shabaana A Khader; Guy K Bell; John Pearl; et al. (11 March 2007). "IL-23 and IL-17 in the establishment of protective pulmonary CD4+ T cell responses after vaccination and during Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge". Nature Immunology. 8 (4): 369–377. doi:10.1038/NI1449. ISSN 1529-2908. PMID 17351619. Wikidata Q58518610.
* Vicky Lampropoulou; Alexey Sergushichev; Monika Bambouskova; et al. (28 June 2016). "Itaconate Links Inhibition of Succinate Dehydrogenase with Macrophage Metabolic Remodeling and Regulation of Inflammation". Cell Metabolism. 24 (1): 158–166. doi:10.1016/J.CMET.2016.06.004. ISSN 1550-4131. PMC 5108454. PMID 27374498. Wikidata Q37412828.
* S A Khader; S L Gaffen; J K Kolls (8 July 2009). "Th17 cells at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity against infectious diseases at the mucosa". Mucosal Immunology. 2 (5): 403–411. doi:10.1038/MI.2009.100. ISSN 1933-0219. PMC 2811522. PMID 19587639. Wikidata Q33611067.
# Appiayapalayam

Appiyapalayam, is a small village under the Ettiverampalayam panchayat, located 3 km from Perumanallur and 17 km from Tiruppur.
The Sri Maagali Amman temple and Perumal Kovil are at the center of the village. The annual Pongal festival at the Sri Magali Ammam Temple takes place during the Tamil month of Panguni (Mar–Apr). As a traditional Kongu village, majority of peoples are farmers. The main village is surrounded by farm houses called "Thotams". Well irrigation is the water source for the cultivation of major crops which include cotton, bananas, turmeric, groundnuts and cholam. The village gets rain from both the North East and South West Monsoon.
Tirupur attracts people from this village to get associated with the knitwear business. The Nethaji Apparel Park at New Tiruppur is near this village. Government buses travel from Tirupur to Nambiyur passes through this village. The nearest railway station is Tiruppur. Appiyapalayam a has a government primary school and a public health centre.
# Dong-hoon

Dong-hoon, also spelled Tong-hoon or Dong-hun, is a Korean masculine given name. Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name. There are 24 hanja with the reading "dong" and 12 hanja with the reading "hoon" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names.
* Chung Dong-hoon (born 1932), South Korean boxer
* Choi Dong-hoon (born 1971), South Korean film director
* Hoon Lee (born Tong-hoon Lee, 1973), American stage and film actor
* Haha (entertainer) (born Ha Dong-hoon, 1979), South Korean actor
* Primary (musician) (born Choi Dong-hoon, 1983), South Korean musician
* Yoon Dong-hun (born 1983), South Korean football player
* Nam Dong-hoon (born 1984), South Korean modern pentathlete
* Lee Dong-whun (born 1987), South Korean figure skater
* Han Dong-hoon (born 1973), South Korean politician
# SASM (disambiguation)

SASM may refer to:

## Science and technology

* SASM, an IDE for NASM assembly language

## Military

* Southwest Asia Service Medal, a military award of the United States Armed Forces

## Museums

* Strategic Air and Space Museum in Ashland, Nebraska
# Huangping County

Huangping County (simplified Chinese: 黄平县; traditional Chinese: 黃平縣; pinyin: Huángpíng Xiàn; Hmu: Wangx Zangx) is a county in the east of Guizhou province, China. It is under the administration of the Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture.

## Administrative divisions

Huangping County is divided into 8 towns and 3 townships:

### towns

* Xinzhou 新州镇
* Jiuzhou 旧州镇
* Chong'an 重安镇
* Gulong 谷陇镇
* Pingxi 平溪镇
* Yedonghe 野洞河镇
* Shangtang 上塘镇
* Langdong 浪洞镇

### townships

* Yiwanshui 一碗水乡
* Zhifang 纸房乡
* Wengping 翁坪乡

## Climate

Climate data for Huangping, elevation 825 m (2,707 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.0 (71.6) | 28.5 (83.3) | 30.6 (87.1) | 32.0 (89.6) | 34.1 (93.4) | 32.0 (89.6) | 33.4 (92.1) | 33.2 (91.8) | 32.8 (91.0) | 28.9 (84.0) | 29.9 (85.8) | 24.1 (75.4) | 34.1 (93.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.0 (44.6) | 10.1 (50.2) | 14.7 (58.5) | 20.6 (69.1) | 24.3 (75.7) | 26.8 (80.2) | 29.3 (84.7) | 29.5 (85.1) | 25.9 (78.6) | 20.2 (68.4) | 15.5 (59.9) | 9.8 (49.6) | 19.5 (67.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.9 (39.0) | 6.3 (43.3) | 10.3 (50.5) | 15.8 (60.4) | 19.7 (67.5) | 22.8 (73.0) | 24.9 (76.8) | 24.4 (75.9) | 21.0 (69.8) | 16.0 (60.8) | 11.3 (52.3) | 6.1 (43.0) | 15.2 (59.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.8 (35.2) | 3.8 (38.8) | 7.4 (45.3) | 12.5 (54.5) | 16.4 (61.5) | 19.9 (67.8) | 21.8 (71.2) | 21.0 (69.8) | 17.6 (63.7) | 13.2 (55.8) | 8.5 (47.3) | 3.6 (38.5) | 12.3 (54.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −5.6 (21.9) | −5.4 (22.3) | −4.4 (24.1) | 1.2 (34.2) | 6.0 (42.8) | 11.4 (52.5) | 11.8 (53.2) | 13.0 (55.4) | 7.8 (46.0) | 3.5 (38.3) | −2.6 (27.3) | −7.3 (18.9) | −7.3 (18.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 36.3 (1.43) | 35.0 (1.38) | 69.3 (2.73) | 112.2 (4.42) | 171.4 (6.75) | 205.3 (8.08) | 158.0 (6.22) | 113.0 (4.45) | 89.7 (3.53) | 91.5 (3.60) | 48.6 (1.91) | 28.8 (1.13) | 1,159.1 (45.63) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 16.6 | 14.1 | 17.8 | 17.2 | 17.9 | 16.8 | 13.5 | 12.5 | 11.2 | 15.4 | 11.9 | 12.2 | 177.1 |
| Average snowy days | 5.3 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.8 | 10.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 83 | 81 | 82 | 81 | 81 | 83 | 80 | 79 | 80 | 83 | 82 | 79 | 81 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 34.1 | 45.7 | 65.7 | 92.4 | 112.5 | 104.3 | 173.3 | 183.0 | 129.7 | 86.8 | 80.9 | 57.1 | 1,165.5 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 10 | 14 | 18 | 24 | 27 | 25 | 41 | 46 | 36 | 25 | 25 | 18 | 26 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
# 2011 European Judo Championships – Women's team

The women's team competition at the 2011 European Judo Championships was held on 24 April at the Abdi İpekçi Arena in Istanbul, Turkey.

## Results

| Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| Poland | 1 | | |
| Spain | 4 | | |
| Spain | 4 | Spain | 1 |
| | | Germany | 4 |
| Germany | 3 | Germany | 4 |
| Russia | 2 | | | | |
| Russia | 2 | | | Germany | 2 |
| | | | | France | 3 |
| Ukraine | 1 | | | France | 3 |
| Turkey | 4 | | | | |
| Turkey | 4 | Turkey | 1 | | |
| | | France | 4 |
| France | 4 | France | 4 |
| Great Britain | 1 | | |

### Repechage

| Repechage | Repechage | Third place | Third place |
| Poland | 1 |
| Russia | 4 | | |
| Russia | 4 | Russia | 2 |
| | | Turkey | 3 |
| Repechage | Repechage | Third place | Third place |
| Ukraine | 3 |
| Great Britain | 2 | | |
| Great Britain | 2 | Ukraine | 3 |
| | | Spain | 2 |
# Frédéric Soulié

Frédéric Soulié (23 December 1800 – 23 September 1847) was a French popular novelist and playwright. He wrote over forty sensation novels like Mémoires du diable (1837-8).

## Life

Frédéric Soulié was born in Foix, the son of a philosopher professor. He gained a law degree before going to Paris to pursue a literary life. Though his early historical dramas were unsuccessful, he gained more attention with the novel Les deux cadavres (1832).

## Works
### Plays

* Roméo et Juliette, 1828.
* Christine à Fontainebleau, 1829.
* Clotilde, 1832.
* Diane de Chivri, 1839
* Le fils de la folle
* Le Proscrit, 1840
* La Closerie des Genêts, 1846.

### Novels

* Les deux cadavres [The two corpses], 1832.
* Le vicomte de Béziers, 1834.
* Le comte de Toulouse, 1835.
* Les mémoires du diable [Memoirs of the devil], 1837-8. (translated into English by Black Coat Press in 2 volumes)
* Les prétendus [The pretenders], 1842.
* La lionne [The lion], 1846
* La comtesse de Monrion, 1847
* Confession générale
* Eulalie Pons
* La Comtesse de Mourion
* Saturnin Fichet
# Shadworth Hodgson

Shadworth Hollway Hodgson, FBA (25 December 1832 – 13 June 1912) was an English philosopher.

## Biography

He worked independently, without academic affiliation. He was acknowledged by William James as a forerunner of Pragmatism, although he viewed his work as a completion of Kant's project. Hodgson was a member of a London philosophy club with James, called the "Scratch Eight". Hodgson regarded the poets William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge as his chief inspirations, and had no academic background, though he was a member of the Metaphysical Society.
He was the first president of the Aristotelian Society and held that post from 1880 to 1894.
His principal work was The Metaphysic of Experience (1898) which prepared the way for New Realism. He objected to the stance of empiricism in its postulating of persons and things, and insisted that neither subject nor object are warranted as initial considerations of philosophy.
He died on 13 June 1912.
Hodgson believed in what he called the principle of reflective consciousness, namely that "A thing is what it is known as, this is the principle in its objective formula; 'the objective and subjective aspects are inseparable,' this is its subjective formula, expressing the way in which the same truth appears in reflection itself.".
Attention to Hodgson was briefly enlivened by an article by Wolfe Mays in a British phenomenology journal in the 1970s.
The volumes of Hodgson's principal work were often shipped with uncut pages and visits to libraries with these volumes has revealed that sometimes most pages of all 4 volumes remained uncut even one hundred years later.
# Kriukai

Kriukai (Samogitian: Kriokā) is a small town in Šiauliai County in northern Lithuania. In 2011, it had a population of 533.

## Gallery

* Kriukai chapel (St. Laurence's Church)
* Kriukai church belfry
* Old Jewish cemetery