OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ingrid Schmeck

Ingrid M. Schmeck (born 1944) is a German visual artist, illustrator, and graphic designer.

## Biography

Ingrid Schmeck was born 1944 in Poznań, Reichsgau Wartheland (present-day Poland). She was raised in Eckernförde, Germany. Schmeck studied at the Muthesius Academy of Art in Kiel in book arts, between 1962 and 1967; and between 1971 and 1973 at the Academy of Fine Arts in Hamburg.
Since 1974, she has worked as a freelance artist in Germany, Switzerland and Greece. In her pictures of houses and townscapes she has developed a distinctive, multi-perspective form of presentation. Beside urban themes, her subjects include European plants and maritime subjects, including seascapes and illustrations for the former cruise company Deilmann. One of the main subjects in her work remains the forms of appearance of European Fastnacht and Carnival, particularly traditions in Basel and Lucerne and the Alemannic range.
In numerous different solo exhibitions her work was presented in museums and galleries in Basel, Berlin, Athens, Aix-en-Provence, Coburg, Eckernförde, Genève, Goslar, Lübeck, Lucerne, Munich, Zurich as well as on the islands Sylt and Naxos.
# Blair toilet

The Blair Toilet (a.k.a. Blair Latrine) is a pit toilet designed in the 1970s. It was a result of large-scale projects to improve rural sanitation in Rhodesia under UDI at the Blair Research Institute, and then deployed further during the 1980s after Zimbabwean Independence. There was mass deployment of the toilet design in the rural areas of the country. It was developed by Peter Morgan of Salisbury, Rhodesia (now Harare, Zimbabwe).
Its design makes use of air currents, a septic tank like pit, over which is built an upper structure with an open light-trap entrance and ventilation pipe from the bottom pit with a fine wire grate to keep out flies but more importantly to trap those entering the toilet hole from flying out towards the light. The result is hygienic, as flies can not escape from the fecal matter to spread disease, and the gases produced by the decomposing waste are redirected outside. It also does not smell.
# Blairdaff

Blairdaff is a parish in Garioch, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, next to the villages of Kemnay and Monymusk.
Blairdaff had a grocery store, a post office, and both petrol and diesel pumps until 1986 when only the post office was relocated to Blindburn Farm. Blairdaff Parish Church (Church of Scotland) is linked to the church in the Chapel of Garioch. The original church is located in Blairdaff's courtyard. After a fire in the 1950s, the old church had the roof removed, however, there is a tradition of open air services in the summer months, which continues to this day.
# Industrial Promotion Services

Industrial Promotion Services (IPS) is the industrial development arm of the Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development (AKFED). AKFED is a member of the Aga Khan Development Network.

## Location

IPS is headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya, and has subsidiaries in Tanzania and Uganda.

## Development projects

The development projects that IPS is involved in include:
* An equity participation in the 74MW Kipevu II Power Plant in Kenya
* An equity participation in the 288MW Azito Power Plant in Ivory Coast
* An equity participation in the 250MW Bujagali Power Plant in Uganda. Other partners in this project include Sithe Global Power LLC, an American power development company. Sithe Global Power LLC, is owned by the Blackstone Group and Reservoir Capital Group.
* Through its Special Purpose Vehicle subsidiary West Nile Rural Electrification Company, an equity participation in the 3.5MW Nyagak I Power Station in West Nile sub-region, in Northern Uganda.

## Ownership

The shareholders in IPS are summarized in the table below:
Industrial Promotion Services Stock Ownership :
| Rank | Name of Owner | Percentage Ownership |
| 1 | Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development | 51.0 |
| 3 | German Investment Corporation (DEG) | 14.5 |
| 4 | Others | 19.5 |
* DEG stands for German Investment Corporation, the investment arm of the Federal Republic of Germany
# Industrial Property Office

Industrial Property Office may refer to:
* Netherlands Industrial Property Office
* Norwegian Industrial Property Office
# Industrial Property Digital Library

The Industrial Property Digital Library (IPDL) is a free online service for searching Japanese patents, patent applications, utility models, designs and trademarks. It makes available to the public the intellectual property Gazettes of the Japan Patent Office (JPO). The IPDL provides around 55.5 million documents and their relevant information as published since the end of the 19th century.
The service was originally developed by the JPO, which had provided it since March 1999. The information is now available from the National Center for Industrial Property Information and Training (INPIT), since October 1, 2004.
The Patent Abstracts of Japan (PAJ) are accessible through the IPDL web site, and provide access to English abstracts of Japanese patent documents. The PAJ is published since 1976. The PAJ includes the legal status information since January 1993.
# Black Flag, Western Australia

Black Flag is an abandoned town in Western Australia, 30 km north west of Kalgoorlie. It is on the Black Flag to Ora Banda Road in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia.
The town derives its name from the Black Flag gold find that was discovered in 1893 when a prospector, R.H Henning, pegged the lease. The mine was producing and attracting more miners to the area in 1894, and the town was gazetted in 1897. A condenser was built in 1895 to produce drinking water for the towns population. John Forrest visited the town in the same year during his 1,600-kilometre (994 mi) tour through the goldfields.
A police station and a racecourse had been established in the town in 1896 and at the town's peak over eight hotels, a bakery, a bank and numerous other businesses were operating.
The population of the town was 313 (260 males and 53 females) in 1898.
The two biggest mines in town, Black Flag and Ladee Bountiful, closed down between 1906 and 1907 and the town was abandoned shortly afterwards.
The name of the town is thought to originate from a flag that had been hung up to indicate that a store was open for business. However, Norman Sligo, in his book Mates and Gold, suggests that the name was because of the "hills and flats being coated with black ironstone wash".
The remains of the townsite are within the Credo Station leasehold.
# Insect Armageddon

Insect Armageddon may mean
* Decline in insect populations, a widespread loss of insect numbers and species
* Earth Defense Force: Insect Armageddon, a computer game
# Black Township, Posey County, Indiana

Black Township is one of ten townships in Posey County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 9,032. The township is the largest both in terms of area and population in Posey County.

## History

Black Township was organized in 1817. The township was named for the Black family of pioneer settlers.
The Frederick and Augusta Hagemann Farm, Mann site, and Mount Vernon site are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## Adjacent Townships

* Indiana
** Posey County
*** Lynn Township (North)
*** Marrs Township (East)
*** Point Township (Southwest)
*** Robinson Township (Single Point)
* Illinois
** White County
*** Emma Township (West)
* Kentucky
** Henderson County
*** Corydon District (Southeast)
** Union County
*** Uniontown District (South Central)

## Cities

* Mount Vernon

## Unincorporated places

* Bufkin
* Dead Mans Crossing
* Erwin
* Farmersville
* Grafton
* Prairie
* Upton
* Welborn Switch

## Education

It is within the Metropolitan School District of Mt. Vernon, which operates Mount Vernon High School.
# Integral graph

In the mathematical field of graph theory, an integral graph is a graph whose adjacency matrix's spectrum consists entirely of integers. In other words, a graph is an integral graph if all of the roots of the characteristic polynomial of its adjacency matrix are integers.
The notion was introduced in 1974 by Frank Harary and Allen Schwenk.

## Examples

* The complete graph K$_n$ is integral for all n.
* The only cycle graphs that are integral are $C_{3}$, $C_{4}$, and $C_{6}$.
* If a graph is integral, then so is its complement graph; for instance, the complements of complete graphs, edgeless graphs, are integral. If two graphs are integral, then so is their Cartesian product and strong product; for instance, the Cartesian products of two complete graphs, the rook's graphs, are integral. Similarly, the hypercube graphs, as Cartesian products of any number of complete graphs $K_{2}$, are integral.
* The line graph of an integral graph is again integral. For instance, as the line graph of $K_{4}$, the octahedral graph is integral, and as the complement of the line graph of $K_{5}$, the Petersen graph is integral.
* Among the cubic symmetric graphs the utility graph, the Petersen graph, the Nauru graph and the Desargues graph are integral.
* The Higman–Sims graph, the Hall–Janko graph, the Clebsch graph, the Hoffman–Singleton graph, the Shrikhande graph and the Hoffman graph are integral.
* A regular graph is periodic if and only if it is an integral graph.
* A walk-regular graph that admits perfect state transfer is an integral graph.
* The Sudoku graphs, graphs whose vertices represent cells of a Sudoku board and whose edges represent cells that should not be equal, are integral.
# Integral length scale

The integral length scale measures the correlation distance of a process in terms of space or time. In essence, it looks at the overall memory of the process and how it is influenced by previous positions and parameters. An intuitive example would be the case in which you have very low Reynolds number flows (e.g., a Stokes flow), where the flow is fully reversible and thus fully correlated with previous particle positions. This concept may be extended to turbulence, where it may be thought of as the time during which a particle is influenced by its previous position.
The mathematical expressions for integral scales are:
$\mathrm {T} =\int _{0}^{\infty }\rho (\tau )d\tau$
$L=\int _{0}^{\infty }\rho (r)dr$
Where $\mathrm {T}$ is the integral time scale, L is the integral length scale, and $\rho (\tau )$ and $\rho (r)$ are the autocorrelation with respect to time and space respectively.
In isotropic homogeneous turbulence, the integral length scale $\ell$ is defined as the weighted average of the inverse wavenumber, i.e.,
$\ell =\int _{0}^{\infty }k^{-1}E(k)dk\left/\int _{0}^{\infty }E(k)dk\right.$
where $E(k)$ is the energy spectrum.
# Bleachers (disambiguation)

Bleachers are raised, tiered rows of benches.
Bleachers may also refer to:
* Bleachers (album), 2024 album by Bleachers
* Bleachers (band), an American indie pop band started by Jack Antonoff
* Bleachers (novel), a novel by John Grisham
* Bleach wash jeans, worn as part of early 1980s skinhead and punk fashion
# Bleak House, Broadstairs

Bleak House (originally known as Fort House) is a prominent house on the cliff overlooking the North Foreland and Viking Bay in Broadstairs, Kent. It was built around 1801 and then substantially extended, doubling in size, in 1901. The house was the site of the North Cliff Battery and was used as a coastal station for observing maritime activity.
Charles Dickens holidayed at Fort House in the 1850s and 1860s, and wrote David Copperfield during his time there. He is also said to have penned out Bleak House whilst in residence, hence the change of name in the early 1900s.
The house is Grade II listed on the National Heritage List for England.

## History

Bleak House was originally called Fort House and was the residence of a captain of one of the two coastal forts guarding Broadstairs, the town in which it is situated.

### Association with Charles Dickens

Charles Dickens leased Fort House from the 1840s till 1852. It was there in that "airy nest" above the harbour that he wrote David Copperfield. Fort House was dubbed Bleak House in the early part of the 20th century. Somebody asserted that it was the Bleak House referred to in Dickens' 1853 novel, and the name stuck. There has been much dispute over the truth of the claim. Some people believe that the house from which Dickens took his inspiration is far distant from Broadstairs. What can be certain is that the house held a special attraction for Dickens, and was the residence he "most desired" in his most favourite of watering places, Broadstairs. The famous Danish author Hans Christian Andersen was a regular guest during this time.
In the novel Sophy Laurie, published in 1865, William Carew Hazlitt writes: It is at Broadstairs they are staying; in the big, bleak house that stands alone on a peak of the chalk cliff, as if it were some sentinel set over the rovers up and down the sea.
For much of the 20th century, Bleak House was in two quite distinct parts, serving as both a private residence and a Dickens memorial museum. In 2012 the previous owners opened the house as a wedding venue and guest house. It is now under new ownership and is a private residence once again, as of January 2021. It is being restored back to its former glory.

## Smuggling

Broadstairs, like many coastal places around England, had something of a reputation for smuggling in the 18th and early 19th centuries. The current establishment has a Smugglers Museum below deck.
# Bleadon Hill

Bleadon Hill (grid reference ST351574) is a 13.52 hectare geological Site of Special Scientific Interest just north of the village of Bleadon, North Somerset, notified in 1999.
The site is a Geological Conservation Review site, as it shows a low ridge of calcite-cemented Pleistocene sand and gravel on its southern side. Various marine or glacial origins have been postulated for the sediments and it has even been suggested that this is a Mesozoic beach conglomerate. On the basis of the sedimentology, it is most likely that these sediments accumulated during the Quaternary when an ice sheet rested against Bleadon Hill.
There is evidence or agricultural use of the land in the medieval period and possibly from Roman times.
# Blue & Lonesome (George Jones album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | link |
Blue & Lonesome is a compilation album by American country music artist George Jones released in 1964 on the Mercury Records label.

## Background

Although Jones had left Mercury at the end of 1961 for United Artists, his old label continued releasing albums featuring sides by Jones from their archive, some of which dated back to his days recording on the independent Starday label. Every track on this album had been previously released on an album or single.
As the title suggest, Blue & Lonesome includes songs that Jones built his reputation on: hardcore honky tonk songs with themes of heartache and loss. Although it is a compilation, it is an impressive collection featuring a mixed bag of Jones originals and songs made famous by others, including Marty Robbins, Don Gibson, Lefty Frizzell and Hank Williams. The Jones-penned "Don't Stop The Music" had been a minor hit for the singer in early 1957 while "Life To Go", also written by Jones, was a top five smash for Stonewall Jackson in 1959. Blue & Lonesome also includes the original recording of "Color of the Blues", a song Jones wrote with Lawton Williams that would go on to be recorded by Red Sovine, Skeeter Davis, Loretta Lynn, Elvis Costello and Patty Loveless.
Blue & Lonesome was reissued by Righteous Records, a reissue imprint marketed and distributed by Great Britain's Cherry Red label with bonus tracks recorded earlier in Jones's career.

## Reception

Thom Jurek of AllMusic calls Blue & Lonesome "an excellent portrait of Jones' transition. He was well on his way to becoming the great singer of broken love songs and honky tonk ballads from the rockabilly and hillbilly singer of his youth, and these tune prove it."

## Personnel

* Grady Martin, Jerry Kennedy, Hank Garland, Harold Bradley – guitar
* Buddy Emmons, Jimmy Day – steel guitar
* Bob Moore – bass
* Buddy Harman – drums
* Tommy Jackson, Rufus Thibodeaux – fiddle
* Floyd Cramer, Hargus "Pig" Robbins – piano
# Blue (2003 film)

Blue (Korean: 블루; RR: Beulru) is a 2003 South Korean war film directed by Lee Jung-gook focusing on elite rescue divers of the South Korea Navy. The film attracted 61,223 admissions in the nation's capital, Seoul.

## Plot

Two friends in the South Korean navy, Lee and Kim are both part of an elite diving squad, specializing in emergency deep sea salvage dives. Lee is strait-laced and takes his duties seriously, while Kim treats the Navy as a lark. When Kang, a diving instructor and Kim's former girlfriend, is posted to the unit, this creates tension between the friends as they compete for Kang's affections. The tension is heightened when Lee is promoted ahead of Kim, creating a rivalry between the two. Kim's gung-ho approach to diving, and the danger he poses for himself (and his fellow divers), leads to further problems. Matters come to a head when an incident at sea causes the sinking of a submarine, requiring the unit to attempt a dangerous salvage rescue of the sunken submarine.

## Cast

* Shin Hyun-joon as Kim Jun
* Shin Eun-kyung as Kang Su-jin
* Kim Young-ho as Lee Tae-hyeon
# Blue (1992 film)

Blue is a Canadian short drama film, written and directed by Don McKellar and released in 1992. An exploration of culture's ambivalent relationship with pornography, the film stars David Cronenberg as a carpet salesman with a passion for erotic literature, intercut with scenes of explicit sexuality.
The cast also includes Tracy Wright, Brad Armstrong and Elizabeth Zorn.
The film premiered in the Canadian Perspective program at the 1992 Toronto International Film Festival, where it received an honorable mention from the Best Canadian Short Film award jury.
# Blepharomastix saurialis

Blepharomastix saurialis is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Achille Guenée in 1854. It is found in French Guiana.
# Blåkulla

Blåkulla is Swedish for "Blue hill", and may refer to:
* Blå Jungfrun, Swedish island in the Baltic Sea
* Blockula, legendary island where witches consort with the devil
* Blue residential buildings in Hagalund, Solna
* Residential area in Laholm
# Blonde in Bondage

Blonde in Bondage (Swedish: Blondin i fara) is a 1957 Swedish drama crime film directed by Robert Brandt, who also wrote lyrics to the film's two songs. Distributors Corporation of America released the film in the US as a double feature with The Flesh Is Weak (1957). It was shot at the Metronome Studios in Stockholm.

## Plot

New York City reporter Larry Brand is sent to Stockholm to do a story on Swedish morals. A traffic accident leads him into rescuing a strip tease artiste from drug addiction and pits him against a ruthless criminal gang.

## Cast

* Mark Miller as Larry Brand
* Anita Thallaug as Mona Mace
* Lars Ekborg as Max
* Ruth Johansson as Laila
* Birgitta Ander as Birgitta
* Eva Laräng as Ingrid
* Anita Strindberg as telephone operator (credited as Anita Edberg)
* Erik Strandmark as Olle
* Stig Järrel as Kreuger
* Börje Mellvig as Chief Inspector
* Dangy Helander as prostitute
* Norma Sjöholm as second prostitute
* Sangrid Nerf as taxi driver
* Alexander von Baumgarten as Kuger's valet
* John Starck as chief of guards

## Soundtrack

"The Blues" , "Shock Around the Clock" (music by Ulf Carlén, lyrics by Robert Brandt).
# Blonde lace

Blonde lace is a continuous bobbin lace from France that is made of silk. The term blonde refers to the natural color of the silk thread. Originally this lace was made with the natural-colored silk, and later in black. Most blonde lace was also made in black. It was made in the 18th and 19th centuries. The pattern, which is generally of flowers, is made with a soft silk thread, thicker than the thread used for the ground. This causes a big contrast between the flowers and the ground. It uses the same stitches as Chantilly lace and Lille lace, and is similarly made in strips 5 in (13 cm) wide and invisibly joined. Blonde lace is not as good as Chantilly lace though, as the ground is not as firm, nor is the pattern as regular.
Blonde lace became very popular, and replaced Mechlin lace. It is very soft, and thus was well suited to the gathered trimmings fashionable during the nineteenth century. Blonde lace was used by royalty, and was worn in the portraits of the daughter of George IV, Princess Charlotte in 1817, and of Queen Adelaide in 1830. In 1805 blonde lace was popular in Paris.
Blonde lace was made in Caen from 1744, in parts of Flanders, in Barcelona, and, in small quantities, in the east Midlands of England from about 1806. It did not suffer when other lacemakers were reduced to the brink of ruin in 1821 to 1832 by the introduction of machine-made bobbin net. In fact, the demand for blonde actually increased, and Caen exported great quantities, by smuggling, to England. It was one of the earliest laces to be copied by machine - in 1833 the traverse warp machine (invented in 1811) made it for a full season, and it was sold without saying it was machine-made, at handmade prices, with no one the wiser. By 1840 blonde lace was out of favor.

## Spanish blonde lace

There was a lot of blonde lace made in Spain, mostly in the Catalonia region, and especially in Barcelona. It had all the same qualities as blonde lace made elsewhere, with very large flowers. It was used mainly for mantillas and scarves and became part of the archetypical image of a Spanish lady.
# Bob Gardner (Queensland politician)

Robert James Gardner (1 April 1890 – 12 November 1966) was a member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.

## Biography

Gardner was born in Brisbane, Queensland, the son of William Gardner and his wife Mary Jane (née Murphy). He was educated at the local primary school and after finishing his education became a storekeeper. From 1928 until 1950 he worked as a painter for the State Works Department of Queensland
On 9 April 1913 he married Annie Campbell (died 1986) and together had two sons and four daughters. Gardner died in Brisbane in November 1966 and was buried in the Hemmant Cemetery.

## Public career

Gardner, a member of the Labor Party, won the seat of Bulimba at the 1950 Queensland state election, beating the sitting Independent Labor member, George Marriott and the Liberal Party candidate, John Hamilton. However, Hamilton appealed the decision and the Acting Chief Justice, Alan Mansfield found that there gross fraud committed in the election. Fake ballot papers had been lodged, and whilst Mansfield did not put any of the blame on Gardner, he ruled the Gardner's election win to be void.
A by-election was held in April 1951, and once again Gardner won the seat. Two days after the by-election, Bernard Maguire, the Chief Electoral Officer, was charged with eight counts of having forged ballot papers. In September 1951 though, the Crown dropped the case after a jury failed three times to reach a verdict and Maguire was then discharged.
Gardner went on to hold the seat until the 1957 Queensland state election, having sided with Premier Vince Gair to join the newly formed QLP after the ALP had split two months earlier. He was defeated by future Opposition leader, Jack Houston of the ALP. He was a member of the Bulimba Hockey Association, the Australian Natives Association, and Valleys Rugby League Old Boys Association.
# Bo Ancker

Bo Ancker, (26 April 1926 – 10 October 1997) was a Swedish author and reporter. He was a culture reporter at Sveriges Radio between 1952 and 1989.