OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Postage stamps and postal history of Transnistria

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Transnistria, an unrecognized breakaway territory of Moldova and the de facto independent Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic.

## Before independence
### Tiraspol Zemstvo stamps

In the Russian Empire, Tiraspol was an administrative centre of the Tiraspol Uyezd located in the Kherson Governorate. On January 1, 1873, the Tiraspol Zemstvo began running the official local postal service. Two Zemstvo stamps were issued for this purpose, in 1873 and 1879, that were cancelled with a pen. Additionally, free, non-denominated official labels were printed in 1875 but they were not postage stamps.

### Romanian occupation

During World War II, the territory was occupied by the Romanian military forces, and the Transnistrian Government was established. Romania issued special postage stamps for Transnistria in 1941 and 1943, and semi-postals in 1942.
* Postage stamps of Romania for Transnistria, 1941, with a Tiraspol postmark
* A Romanian stamp for Transnistria on piece and postmarked Tiraspol 1941
* A semi-postal of Romania for Transnistria, 1942

## Tiraspol provisional stamps

Transnistria declared its independence from Moldova on September 2, 1990, and in June 1992, the postal authorities in Tiraspol, the capital and administrative centre of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, overprinted sheets of two definitive stamps of the former Soviet Union. The overprints read 'Тирасполь / 30-VI-92' (Tiraspol / 30-June-92) and two new values, '20 коп.' (20 kopecks) and '28 коп.' (28 kopecks). These provisionals were only in use from July 3 to July 21, 1992, and were then confiscated and destroyed by Moldavian authorities in Kishinev (now Chișinău).

## First PMR stamps

On November 18, 1993, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (Council) of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic made decision on issuing the first stamps. The first Transnistria stamp was designed by Grigoriy Bronza and appeared on December 31, 1993. Since then it has typically issued between 3 and 5 different series of stamps per year. The region's name is given only in Cyrillic, as 'ПОЧТА ПМР' (POST OF PMR, with PMR standing for Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic).

### Validity

The postage stamps of Transnistria are not recognised outside of the country and are valid only for domestic service within Transnistria. International mail and mail to the rest of Moldova requires Moldovan postage stamps.
* Postage stamps of Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, 2015
* Postage stamps of Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, 2019

## Bogus PMR stamps

Bogus stamp issues have been a problem in the region for several years, with private persons overprinting stamps of the Soviet Union or printing labels resembling Transnistrian stamps, and selling them to unsuspecting collectors. The bogus stamps usually give the region's name in Cyrillic, as 'ПМР' , although sometimes the Latin letters 'PMR' are seen instead. There is no consistent practice, with some stamps only inscribed in Cyrillic and others only in Latin.
# Postage stamps and postal history of Tristan da Cunha

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Tristan da Cunha.

## Local stamps

In 1946, labels showing penguins and the currency being potatoes were issued. The 4 potatoes red stamp was included in the miniature sheet issued in 1979 to commemorate the death centenary of Sir Rowland Hill.

## First stamp

The first stamps of Tristan da Cunha were issued on 1 January 1952 and consisted of twelve stamps of Saint Helena overprinted TRISTAN DA CUNHA. In 1954 a definitive set depicted various themes of the islands.
# Gisela

Gisela is the name of:

## People
### Full name

* Gisela, Abbess of Chelles (757–810), daughter of Pepin the Short, sister of Charlemagne
** Gisela, daughter of Charlemagne (781–808)
* Gisela, daughter of Louis the Pious (born 821), consort of Eberhard of Friuli
* Gisela of France, also Gisella or Giséle (fl. 911), traditionally, a daughter to the king of France, Charles the Simple and a consort of Rollo
* Gisela of Burgundy (c. 975 – 21 July 1006), daughter of Conrad, king of Burgundy
** Gisela of Hungary (c. 985 - 7 May 1065), her daughter
* Gisela of Swabia (989 or 990 – 14 February 1043), Holy Roman Empress, wife of Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor
* Archduchess Gisela of Austria (12 July 1856 – 27 July 1932), daughter to Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and Elisabeth of Bavaria, named after Giselle of Bavaria
* Gisela (singer) (born 1 January 1979), a Spanish singer

### Given name

* Gisela (name)

## Other

* Gisela, Arizona, a US census-designated place
* Gisela (magazine)
# Bouvier's Law Dictionary

Bouvier's Law Dictionary is a set consisting of two or three books with a long tradition in the United States legal community. The first edition was written by John Bouvier.
John Bouvier (1787–1851) was born in Codognan, France, but came to the United States at an early age. He became a U.S. citizen in 1812, was admitted to the bar in 1818, and began practicing law in Philadelphia. During his years of practice and study, he noticed the lack of a solid American law dictionary. He decided to fill this need, and worked on a new law dictionary incessantly for 10 years. One of his main goals was to distinguish American law from its English antecedent. He finally presented it for publication in 1839. Like many of his generation, Bouvier used his preface to justify his work, stating the irrelevance of English legal dictionaries to the American legal system of the United States. He wanted to create a totally new law dictionary that would address the American legal system, so he derived his definitions almost wholly from customs, court decisions, and statutes of the United States.
From his preface:
    "…most of the matter in the English law dictionaries will be found to have been written while the feudal law was in its full vigor, and not fitted to the present times, nor calculated for present use, even in England. And there is a great portion which, though useful to an English lawyer, is almost useless to the American student. What, for example, have we to do with those laws of Great Britain which relate to the person of their king, their nobility, their clergy, their navy, their army; with their game laws; their local statutes, such as regulate their banks, their canals, their exchequer, their marriages, their births, their burials, their beer and ale houses, and a variety of similar subjects?"
In addition, Bouvier included entries for all the states that had formed the union as of 1839. A large 2-volume work, Bouvier's dictionary has been especially useful for understanding obsolete terms given in older authorities, amplifying their meanings in the American context.
The dictionary quickly became popular and received excellent reviews. The book is well written and extensively researched; Bouvier made significant contribution to each new edition and rewrote several articles. Many well known legal scholars have contributed to its revisions. Bouvier published three editions in twelve years and was preparing a fourth at the time of his death in 1851. By the year 1886, when it was first revised, there had been fifteen editions. The work is still widely used. Volumes of the early edition are considered collector items and a pristine set can fetch hundreds of dollars.
# Bourneville-Sainte-Croix

Bourneville-Sainte-Croix (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the department of Eure, northern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 by merger of the former communes of Bourneville and Sainte-Croix-sur-Aizier.
# Pouteria puberula

Pouteria puberula is a species of plant in the family Sapotaceae. It is endemic to Venezuela.
# Pouteria pimichinensis

Pouteria pimichinensis is a species of plant in the family Sapotaceae. It is endemic to Venezuela.
# Box Butte Dam

Box Butte Dam (National ID # NE01069) is a dam in the arid northwestern panhandle area of Dawes County, Nebraska.
The earthen dam was constructed from 1941 through 1946 by the United States Bureau of Reclamation with a structural height of 87 feet (27 m) and 5,508 feet (1,679 m) long at its crest. It impounds the Niobrara River for flood control, part of the Bureau's Mirage Flats Project for irrigation water storage. No hydroelectric power is produced here.
The reservoir it creates, Box Butte Reservoir, has a water surface of 1,600 acres (650 ha), 612 acres (248 ha) of surrounding land, about 14 miles (23 km) of shoreline, and a capacity of 31,060 acre-feet (38,310,000 m$^3$). Recreation includes fishing (for northern pike, walleye, largemouth bass, yellow perch, and channel cat), hunting, boating, camping and hiking.
The southern shore of the lake borders the Box Butte Reservoir State Recreation Area.
# Potliquor (album)

Potliquor is the fourth album by American band Potliquor. It was released in 1979 and was their first album since 1973.
With no music released and/or seeing radio play since 1973, things were not looking very positive for the new lineup of Potliquor, now a three-man group composed of drummer Jerry Amoroso, bassist Guy Schaeffer, and guitarist Mike McQuaig. Amoroso flew to New York City to attempt to get a second chance at a recording contract, but to no avail. His disappointment led to the writing of "New York City You Ain't". Armed with a new song, Amoroso successfully negotiated a record deal with Capricorn Records early in 1977. With this new record label support, Potliquor released the song as a single in March 1977, but the lack of substantive airplay and sales scuttled plans for a new album.
It wasn't until 1979 when, free of their Capricorn Records contract, Potliquor went into Studio in the Country to record their fourth album, Potliquor. It had moderate success.
In a national feature "Pop Scene – Here's the Answer" provided by the United Feature Syndicate based in New York, New York, a newspaper reader from Santa Monica, California wrote in to inquire about Potliquor, having heard "Louisiana Lady", a single from the Potliquor album. The feature responded that "Capitol is giving the group new life, and is promoting them as if they were recently formed."

## Personnel

* Jerry Amoroso – drums, vocals, percussion
* Mike McQuaig – guitar
* Steve Sather – guitar, Vocals
* Guy Schaeffer – bass guitar, vocals
Additional musicians
* Rod Roddy (courtesy of Louisiana's LeRoux) – piano, clavinet, Oberheim synthesizer
* John Smith – saxophone solo on "Misery"
* Yolanda Nichols – background vocals on "Right Street / Wrong Direction" and "Misery"
* Charles Brent – string Arrangement on "Oh So Long"
* Charles Brent and John Smith – horn arrangements on "Misery", "Hey Mama", "Boy Oh Boy", "Liar"
* Jerry Amoroso and John Smith – horn arrangements on "Mr. President"
* String Quartet – Valerie Poullette, Michael Gyurik, Allen Nisbet, Jim Ummel
* Horn Section – Jon Smith, Charles Brent, Brian O'Neil, John Brem, Joe Woolie, Wade Smith
Production
* Bill Evans – producer, engineer
* Jerry Amoroso – co-producer
# Giulio Cesare Fontana

Giulio Cesare Fontana (12 February 1580, Rome - 9 June 1627, Naples) was an Italian architect and engineer, mainly active in Naples and its surroundings.

## Life

He was the son of Elisabetta Paduschi and her husband, the architect Domenico Fontana. He trained in the studios headed by his father, his uncle Giovanni Fontana, his cousin Carlo Maderno, Matteo Castelli and Girolamo Rainaldi. He and his father travelled to the Kingdom of Naples to design the Dogana nuova (1594) and the crypt of the Duomo di Salerno and the Duomo di Amalfi - Giulio Cesare was director of works on both these crypts until 1612. He also summoned Bartolomeo Picchiatti from Ferrara as a collaborator.
In 1607, following his father's death, he became chief royal architect of the Kingdom, restoring Castel Nuovo and leading work on the Palazzo Reale. That same year he took part in the competition to design the Royal Chapel of the Treasure of St. Januarius organised by the Deputazione della Real Cappella del Tesoro. Other competitors included Ceccardo Bernucci, Giovan Battista Cavagna, Francesco Grimaldi, Giovanni Cola di Franco, Michelangelo Naccherino, Dionisio Nencioni di Bartolomeo and Giovan Giacomo Di Conforto. A commission in Rome judged the competition and the designs by father Grimaldi and Giovanni Cola di Franco were declared the winning entries.
In 1612 viceroy Pedro Fernández de Castro, count of Lemos, commissioned him to convert the former cavallerizza into the Palazzo dei Regi Studi, which now houses the Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli - nel frattempo operò nella sistemazione dei Regi Lagni. Around the same time he designed the grain pits in Largo Mercatello (now Piazza Dante) in Naples and worked on the Regi Lagni. In 1626 he designed the portale dell'Annunziata gateway in Aversa, took part in completing the oratory of San Carlo Borromeo near the church of Sant'Anna dei Lombardi - that church also contains the funerary monument to Domenico Fontana, designed by Giulio Cesare in 1627 but badly damaged during World War Two.
# Botanical and horticultural library

A botanical and horticultural library is a library specializing in the preservation and collection of literature and materials about plants. The mission of many botanical and horticultural libraries is to make accessible and available to those who use it the information on this topic.
Botanical and horticultural libraries can be found in arboretums, botanical gardens, research institutions, horticultural societies, conservatories, governmental offices, colleges, and universities as part of a larger university library.
Typical users include members of various public gardens, students of the life sciences, researchers, and scholars.

## Collections

The collections within these types of libraries cover such topics as flowers, grasses, trees, fungi, aquatic plants, weeds, algae, pests, and fertilizers. The typical collection is composed of books, periodicals, and photo collections. The types of materials depend on the types of patrons. A public botanical garden library may contain books for children, nursery catalogs, seed catalogs, popular how-to publications, movies, and various other media resources. At an academic library, there may be such archived materials, such as historical letters, autographs of famous botanists, plant lists, field notes, and reports of botanic expeditions. Much of the collection in academic botanical and horticultural libraries includes work on the identification of particular plants. Some libraries contain live specimens and preserved samples of plants, referred to as an herbarium.
Libraries may also hold highly specialized collections of certain species. For example, The Orchid Library of Oakes Ames is devoted exclusively to orchids. The collection is composed of more than 5,000 journals and books devoted to the classification and identification of orchid species around the world.

## Patron types

Typical users include: members of various botanic gardens; students of the life sciences including botany, horticulture, agriculture, biology, herbology, turf grass management; researchers; and scholars.
# Positional advantage

Positional advantage is a combative position relative to an opponent. It is used extensively to describe a situation of significant tactical advantage over an opponent in open-hand conflict (i.e. without weapons) in William Cheung's Traditional Wing Chun Kung Fu and Ian Protheroe's Classical Wing Chun.
In physical altercations, positional advantage is significant because a defender who has attained positional advantage:
* is not as open to an attack from the attacker's rear hand
* may control the attacker's lead limbs (one arm and one leg)
* is in range to attack or defend both hands
* is able to redirect their opponent's force
In the words of Sifu Ian Protheroe, "as long as your strongest side is facing your opponent's weakest side, you have the advantage". Although positional advantage has been adopted specifically by Classical and Traditional Wing Chun practitioners, the term is applicable to all martial styles, both with and without weapons. Related concepts include centre and central line theory. These terms are used to describe many different things by Wing Chun practitioners (see the Wikipedia entry for Wing Chun for more information).
# Pouzay

Pouzay (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.
# Bowman Bluff, North Carolina

Bowman Bluff is an unincorporated community in Henderson County, in the U.S. state of North Carolina.

## History

A post office called Bowman's Bluff was in operation between 1856 and 1904. The community probably derives its name from Mary Bowman.
# Giuseppe Pirovani

Giuseppe Pirovani (c. 1755-c. 1835) was an Italian painter of the Neoclassic period, mainly active in Brescia.
Born in Pavia to a Brescian family. His father was a merchant, who noticed his son's affinity to and ability at drawing while at work; he thus sent young Giuseppe to study in Rome under Pompeo Battoni. He apparently submitted designs for a public hall in Philadelphia. He painted altarpieces in Brescia.
# Girl & the Goat

Girl & the Goat is a restaurant in Chicago, Illinois. Time Out Chicago has rated the restaurant four out of five stars.
# Positively Beale St.

Positively Beale St. is the sixth solo studio album by American blues rock musician Walter Trout, the last to be credited to the Walter Trout Band. Recorded between February and March 1997 at 315 Beale St. Recording in Memphis, Tennessee, it was produced by Jim Gaines and released on May 19, 1997, by Provogue Records. The album charted at number 65 on the Dutch Albums Chart and number 9 on the UK Jazz & Blues Albums Chart. Following its initial release in Europe, Positively Beale St. was issued in North America by Ruf Records under the title Walter Trout, credited to Trout as a solo artist.

## Background

The Walter Trout Band recorded Positively Beale St. between February 19 and March 21, 1997, at 315 Beale St. Recording in Memphis, Tennessee. The album was produced by Jim Gaines and was reportedly intended as "a tribute to Memphis and its musical legacy". "Let Me Be the One" was released as the sole single from the album on October 6, 1997. After the album was released in Europe by Provogue Records, Trout signed a deal with Ruf Records for a North American release. In early 1998, the album was issued by Ruf under the title Walter Trout, with opening track "Got a Broken Heart" issued as a limited edition "heart-shaped" CD single.

## Reception
### Commercial

Positively Beale St. reached number 65 on the Dutch Albums Chart and number 9 on the UK Jazz & Blues Albums Chart.

### Critical

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Uncut | |
Media response to Positively Beale St. was positive. In a review of the original European release for Music & Media, Thessa Mooij wrote that the album "clearly shows the depth [Trout's] own material has developed over the years", praising both his guitar playing but also his vocal performance. In a feature titled "The Walter Trout albums you should definitely own" for Classic Rock, Henry Yates suggested that "Positively Beale Street changed everything" for Trout, describing it as "a whistle-stop tour of all Uncle Sam's most seminal genres, from the late-night blues of 'Marie's Mood' to the falsetto-led R&B of 'Song for a Wanderer'".

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Walter Trout, except where noted

## Personnel

Notes
* ↑ Trout is also credited under the alias "Wally Bass" with performing backing vocals.

## Charts

Chart performance for Positively Beale St. :
| Chart (1997) | Peak position |
| Dutch Albums (MegaCharts) | 65 |
| UK Jazz & Blues Albums (OCC) | 9 |
# Positively Beadhead

Positively Beadhead is an album by the American musician Terrance Simien, released in 1999. Simien supported the album with a North American tour. The album title refers to Simien's practice of throwing beads to his fans during concerts.

## Production

Simien was backed by his band, the Mallet Playboys. "Keep On Smilin'" is a cover of the Wet Willie song. "500 Miles" is a version of the folk standard written by Hedy West. "Jolie Blonde" is an interpretation of the Cajun song. "Macque Choux" is named after the Creole corn recipe. "Mardi Gras in the Country" employs congas and timbales in the song's break. "Grandma's House" imagines various dead musicians in heaven. Paul Cebar contributed to the songwriting.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Associated Press | |
| The Gazette | 7/10 |
| The Penguin Guide to Blues Recordings | |
The Gazette noted that "some bands aim for back-to-the-bayou authenticity, but Simien has a fondness for uptown soulfulness." OffBeat wrote that Simien "sings in a silky, creamy high-end voice that's gorgeously soulful, exhibiting a sheen like no other." The Chicago Tribune determined that, "closer to Cajun-flavored pop than genuine folk, Simien's eclectic brand of bayou elevates melody over feverish dance grooves, but what it lacks in old school energy it more than makes up for in fetching, accordion-accented hooks."
The News Journal said that "Simien's ever-curious take on the afterlife shares equal space with Zydeco rave-ups and Caribbean-flavored steel drums." The Boston Globe concluded that "Simien is finally on his way to living up to his potential." The Star Tribune opined that "all the zydeco, soul music, yuppie pop and hippie rock pay off wonderfully."
AllMusic deemed Positively Beadhead "an album that has a lot more going for it than just another garden-variety zydeco party disc."
# Ginigera Junction railway station

Ginigera Junction railway station (station code: GIN) is NSG-6 Category Station falls under Hubli railway division of South Western Railway in Koppal district, Karnataka, India. Ginigera Junction railway station has three platforms which mainly serve Ginigera Village and nearby villages.

## Major trains

Trains that run through/from Ginigera are:
* Hampi Express
* Hubballi–Karatagi Unreserved Express
* Karatagi-Hubballi Unreserved Express
* Hubballi–Karatagi Special Express
* Karatagi-Hubballi Special Express
* Yesvantpur–Karatagi Express
* Karatagi-Yesvantpur Express
* Hubballi-Tirupati Special fare Express
* Tirupati-Hubballi Special fare Express
* Hubballi–Hosapete DEMU Passenger
* Hosapete-Hubballi DEMU Passenger
* Hubballi–Guntakal Passenger
* Guntakal–Hubballi Passenger
# Box Cinema

Box Cinema was a free-to-air Indian Hindi movie channel that was owned by Box Cinemedia Services Pvt. Ltd. The channel shows Bollywood and South Indian dubbed movies.

## History

Box Cinemedia Services Pvt Ltd launched Box Cinema in January 2019. This channel shows Bollywood, Hollywood, and South Indian dubbed movies. It was replaced by Atrangii on 6 June 2022.
# Brachiocephalic

Brachiocephalic can refer to the following:
* The brachiocephalic artery supplies blood to the right arm, head and neck.
* The left and right brachiocephalic veins merge to form the superior vena cava, one of the primary pathways by which blood is returned to the heart.
* Brachiocephalic is not an alternate spelling but misspelling of brachycephalic, a grouping within the cephalic index describing "short headed" animals or persons. A common use of this term is in describing pug-nosed dogs.