OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joseph Petrie

Joseph Petrie (1848 – 4 May 1908) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament from Westland, New Zealand.

## Early life

Petrie was born in Aberdeenshire, Scotland in 1848, and arrived in New Zealand by the ship Silistria in 1860. Petrie went to the Otago goldfields, and visited Gabriel's Gully. He settled on the West Coast in 1865, first in Hokitika but soon after he came to Greymouth. A journalist by profession, he was editor and part proprietor of the Greymouth Evening Star. Petrie was a member of the Jockey Club and Trotting Club. He married Miss Creer in 1874, and they had three surviving sons and two surviving daughters.

## Political career

From 1875, Petrie was a member of Greymouth Borough for several decades until his death. He was mayor of Greymouth for two terms in 1887 and 1888. He was an inaugural councillor when Brunner Borough was formed in November 1887, simultaneous to his Greymouth mayoralty. Petrie was a member of the Greymouth Harbour Board for over 20 years.
He represented the Greymouth electorate from 1881 to 1884, when he was defeated by Arthur Guinness. At the 1905 election, Petrie challenged Guinness for the seat but Guinness retained his incumbency.
Petrie stood once more for the mayoralty of Greymouth in April 1907 and was successful.

## Death

On a business trip to Wellington in early April 1908, Petrie had a fall in the suburb of Newtown when leaving a tram. The tram suddenly jolted forward and Petrie was thrown heavily from the carriage. He was knocked out and sustained internal injuries. Taken to a private hospital, Petrie did not regain consciousness for two days.
Although hospitalised in Wellington, Petrie contested the Greymouth mayoral election later that month represented through his son John. The other candidate for the mayoralty withdrew, not wishing to cause the injured Petrie "any anxiety". Petrie was declared elected on 24 April but did not return from Wellington; he died there on 4 May 1908.
Petrie's body was shipped home on the steamer Mapourika for burial at the Greymouth cemetery. Members of the borough council carried his coffin from the ship and placed it in the goods shed before the hearse arrived. An estimated 2,500 people attended the funeral. Petrie's coffin was carried on a fire carriage with local councillors acting as pallbearers with two bands, the Druids and the Fire Brigade, trailing the procession. There was a strong representation from people from the hospital, education and the racing clubs as well as several members of Parliament. The Last Post sounded at the conclusion of the service.
# Joseph W. Singer

Joseph William Singer is an American legal scholar specializing in property law. He is the Bussey Professor of Law at Harvard University, where he has been teaching since 1992. Previously, he taught at Boston University School of Law and practiced law in Boston. He also served as a law clerk in the Supreme Court of New Jersey.

## Education

Singer earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in political economy from Williams College, a Master of Arts in political science from Harvard University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School.

## Career

Singer has authored an extensive body of work, including Entitlement: The Paradoxes of Property (Yale University Press, 2000), The Edges of the Field: Lessons on the Obligations of Ownership (Beacon Press, 2000), and No Freedom without Regulation: The Hidden Lesson of the Subprime Crisis (Yale University Press, 2015). In addition to his books on property law and federal Native American law, he has written more than 70 law review articles. In 2015, Singer was awarded the Brigham–Kanner Property Rights Prize from the William & Mary Law School for his contributions to the advancement of private property rights.
# Joseph Botterill

Joseph Botterill (ca.1862 – 17 August 1920) was a politician in the State of South Australia. He was a Liberal Union member of the South Australian Legislative Council from 1915 to 1920, representing the Southern District.

## History

Joseph was a son of Joseph Botterill Sr., who had a general store at Apsley, Victoria.
In 1899 he took over management of Mingbool station in the South-East of South Australia, followed by Moorak, which he managed for Col. Browne. He then purchased Clifton Estate and Barnoolut Estate. In 1918 he purchased "The Caves", the old Umpherston property at Mount Gambier, where he died.

## Politics

In 1915 he was elected unopposed to the South Australian Legislative Council for the Southern district. He died in office in August 1920, having already announced his planned retirement on account of his intention to move to Victoria.

## Other interests

He was a member of the Mount Gambier Agricultural and Horticultural Society and for a time its president, and was president of the Liberal Union.
# Dyserth railway station

vteDyserth branch line :
Legend :
Dyserth railway station served the village of Dyserth, Flintshire (now Denbighshire), Wales. It was the southern terminus of the 2 miles 70 chains (4.6 km) Dyserth branch, most of which is now a public footpath. At its peak Dyserth had passengers in the thousands. In 1930 the line and station closed for passengers in the face of road competition. At one point fourteen trains a day had shuttled along the line. Although the station has long been demolished, a crane from the station has been installed at the end of the walk as a feature of historical interest, as have two pieces of track at Chapel Street.
The branch line to Dyserth was opened by the LNWR in 1869, initially for mineral traffic only. A passenger service was instituted in 1905 but lasted only until 1930, when it was withdrawn by the LMS. Despite being closed the station site was host to two LMS caravans from 1934 to 1939. The line remained open to serve a quarry at Dyserth until complete closure in 1973.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Terminus | London and North Western Railway Dyserth Branch Line | Allt-y-Graig Line and station closed |
# Joseph E. O'Connell

Joseph E. O'Connell Sr. was an American businessman and racehorse owner. Two of his horses, Cavan and Celtic Ash, won the Belmont Stakes.

## Early business career

O'Connell graduated from the College of the Holy Cross in 1910 and went to work for the bond department of Lee, Higginson & Co. He remained with the company for five years before leaving to become the assistant to the president at the International Trust Company.

## Military service

O'Connell, a member of the 9th Regiment of the Massachusetts National Guard, was sent to the Mexican border in 1916. After this, he returned to the International Trust Company. When war was declared on Germany in 1917, O'Connell enlisted in the United States Navy, where he remained until after World War I ended.

## Return to business

After his discharge from the Navy, O'Connell joined Kaler, Carney, Liffler & Co, an insurance brokerage. He remained there until May 1925, when he joined National Shawmut Bank as the assistant vice president of its credit department. On January 1, 1930, he was elected vice president of the company. He also served as vice president of the Shawmut Association and the Shawmut Bank Investment Trust. On December 31, 1935, O'Connell left Shawmut to become a resident partner of Soucy, Swartswelter & Co. In addition to working for Soucy, Swartswelter & Co, O'Connell also served a president of Pilot Publishing Company and in 1939 was elected to the board of directors of the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company. He later served as a director of Boston Edison and the Union Savings Bank of Boston. In 1942, after Soucy & Co. had been dissolved, O'Connell formed his own stock brokerage, O'Connell & Co.

## Philanthropy

O'Connell served as the treasurer of numerous Catholic charities, including St. Vincent's Orphan Asylum. He was also a member of the executive committee of St. Elizabeth's Hospital.

## Horse racing

O'Connell and Irish-born trainer Thomas J. Barry purchased a number of race horses from Ireland during the late 1950s. The pair purchased Cavan from Irish racehorse trainer Paddy Prendergast for an undisclosed sum. In the 1958 Belmont Stakes, Cavan upset 3-20 favorite Tim Tam to prevent the horse from winning the Triple Crown. In 1960, O'Connell and Barry returned to the Belmont with the British-bred, Irish-raised Celtic Ash. Celtic Ash came from last place to win the race by 5 1/2 lengths, giving O'Connell a perfect 2–0 record in the race. Due to an illness, O'Connell was forced to watch the race from St. Elizabeth's Hospital.
On July 7, 1960, O'Connell died at St. Elizabeth's Hospital following a four-week illness.

## Personal life

A native of Lowell, Massachusetts, O'Connell resided in Newton, Massachusetts during his adult life. He was the nephew of Cardinal William Henry O'Connell.
O'Connell was previously married to Dorothy McGaffee, with whom he had one son and three daughters. Their son, Joseph Jr, was married to Pat Hitchcock, an actress and the daughter of Alfred Hitchcock. He was survived by his widow Dorothy O'Connell (née Weilich), and their son Mark.
# Joseph Dunbar

Joseph Dunbar (born 1944) is an American scientist Ph.D. in Physiology whose specialization is diabetes. His major research interests are the relationships between insulin and glucagon and their physiology.
Dunbar was born in Vicksburg, Mississippi, on August 27, 1944, to college-educated parents. His mother was a teacher, his father was an agricultural specialist who worked for the US government. He attended Alcorn College High School and graduated from Port Gibson High School, in 1960, where he took available advanced science courses. Like both his parents he attended Alcorn State University, where (encouraged by his biology and chemistry teachers) he decided to become a scientist. After graduating college, he taught music in a high school, and the following year enrolled at Texas Southern University, graduating in with a MS in biology in 1966, and he stayed on for a year as a biology instructor. During that time he married Agnes Estorge; the two married in 1967. They have two daughters Andrea Denise (1971) and Erica Kaye (1975). In 1967, he enrolled in the doctoral program at Wayne State University, and began his career working in diabetes research. Other notables are Chairman Dept. Physiology Wayne State University(WSU) School of Medicine (SOM)(1998-2007);Assoc. VP Research WSU 2008-2016; Director of Medical Student Research(2016-2021) and Principal Investigator of multiple diabetes research and student training programs. He is currently a Professor in the Department of Physiology at Wayne State University.
# E. R. Hughes

E. R. Hughes was an American politician who was the first Republican to serve on the Oklahoma Corporation Commission. He served two nonconsecutive terms from 1921 to 1927 and from 1929 to 1935.

## Biography

Hughes was elected to the Oklahoma Corporation Commission in 1920 and 1928. He was the first and only Republican elected to the Oklahoma Corporation Commission until the election of Bob Anthony in 1988. He ran for reelection in 1926. In 1934, he ran for reelection to the Corporation Commission but he withdrew after advancing to a runoff with Frank A. Anderson. After Anderson's primary win state law was changed to require Black candidates be labeled on the ballot as "(Negro)," until the practice was ruled unconstitutional by the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit in 1955.
# Dâmina Pereira

Dâmina de Carvalho Pereira (born 2 December 1952) is a Brazilian politician and businesswoman. She has spent her political career representing Minas Gerais, having served as federal deputy representative from 2015 to 2019.

## Personal life

Pereira was born to Joao Pereira de Carvalho and Waldette Rodrigues de Carvalho. Before becoming a politician Pereira worked as a businesswoman.

## Political career

Pereira voted in favor of the impeachment of then-president Dilma Rousseff. She voted in favor of 2015 tax reforms but against the 2017 Brazilian labor reform, and would vote against the opening of a corruption investigation into Rousseff's successor Michel Temer.
Pereira is the first woman to be elected to the chamber of deputies from the municipality of Lavras. Originally elected as a member of the Party of National Mobilization, Pereira joined the Party of the Brazilian Woman in 2015, then the Social Liberal Party the following year. In 2018 she joined Podemos.
# Frankie McBride

Frankie McBride (born 1944, Omagh, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland) is an Irish country and folk singer, who rose to stardom in the second half of the 1960s.
McBride's hit single, "Five Little Fingers", reached No. 2 on the Irish charts and No. 19 on the UK Singles Chart in 1967. A full-length self-titled album hit No. 29 on the UK Albums Chart the following year. The song was noted for its blending of rock and roll and country, a trend which became increasingly acceptable to mainstream audiences in the late 1960s.
McBride also recorded an album of gospel music in Nashville, Tennessee with Gloria Smith in 1981.

## Discography
### Albums

* Frankie McBride (1968)
* Lost Loves And Loneliness (1974)
* Why Me Lord (1981)

### Singles

* 1967: "Five Little Fingers"
# Henricus (disambiguation)

Henricus was a settlement in colonial America.
Henricus may also refer to:

## People

* Henricus (given name)
* Barney Henricus (1915–2007), Sri Lankan boxer and police officer, brother of Basil
* Basil Henricus (1922–2002), Sri Lankan boxer and army officer

## Other uses

* Henricus (moth)
# Piet Dickentman

Pieter Casper Johan "Piet" Dikkentman (4 January 1879 – 7 October 1950) was a professional cyclist from the Netherlands. He had a long a successful career spanning from 1885 to 1928, which peaked in 1903 when he won the UCI Motor-paced World Championships. He competed internationally and married twice, to an Australian and to a German. Consequently, while he lived most of his life in Amsterdam, he also spent years in Germany and Australia.

## Biography

He was born in Amsterdam to Pieter Casper Dikkentman, a carpenter, and Sophia Diederica Boekstal. After finishing school he trained as mechanical engineer. He began competing in cycling at the age 16 and specialized in sprint. He was noticed by Jan Mulder, who made him a member of his quint, a type of tandem bicycle ridden by a team of five cyclists. In this discipline Dikkentman won a world title in 1898, and set a new world record (500 meters in 28.6 seconds) in 1899. Around that time he became professionally involved in motor-paced racing. This event was difficult for him, as he had 10 crashed during his career as well as a strong rivalry with the German cyclist Thaddäus Robl; this rivalry, however, made him famous in Germany. Especially difficult was for him the 1904 season when he had a long recovery after being hit by a pacer. Nevertheless, he won three medals at the UCI Motor-paced World Championships, in 1901, 1903 and 1905, including a gold medal in 1903, as well as five European medals (in 1900, 1901, 1903, 1904 and 1907).
After these successes, Dikkentman, who was a self-managing professional cyclist, became a wealthy man. Yet, for many years he kept a strict daily routine of training and diet. He also followed all technical developments in the design of bicycles and pacing motorcycles. However, his career declined in the late 1900s due to the lack of a good pacer, and he eventually retired in 1913.
Dikkentman competed all around the world, including Japan and Australia. On 27 February 1908 he married Lilian Brasker, an Australian. The couple had a daughter, Edna Victoria (b. 1909 in South Yarra, Victoria), and divorced on 11 July 1917. On 14 March 1918 he married again, to Emilie Agnes Minna Zöphel, a German. They had one son and three daughters.
While working at his bicycle shop, Dikkentman could not stand the retirement and returned to cycling in the 1920s, finishing in second-third place in the national motor-paced championships in 1921–1923. In 1927, he won a race in Amsterdam in a record time. He retired from active cycling after a race in Szczecin, Poland, on 28 October 1928, aged 49. He continued competing as a pacer, but without much success. In his late years he ran a bicycle shop in his native Amsterdam, where he died in 1950.
# Heritage preservation in North Korea

Heritage preservation in North Korea has been administered by different laws and governing bodies over time.

## History

After liberation of Korea in 1945, North Korea published the "Treasure, relic, scenic site, natural monuments conservation act" in April 1946, and installed the "ancient relic conservation committee" to administer the conservation of national heritage.But upon a decision by the cabinet, it was replaced with the "Conservation of relics of materialc culture act" and the organization administering the conservation was renamed the "material culture artefact investigation and conservation committee." In 1994, the "Cultural heritage protection act" was legislated in 1994. The legislation only considers artefacts of material culture and was classified into three categories,National treasure level artefacts,Quasi-national treasure level(then also called conservation grade relics) and general artefacts. In 2012, "the cultural heritage law" was legislated, which compared to the law in 1994, included non material culture heritage(some media translate as non-material cultural properties) designations(equivalent to intangible cultural assets), that are designated at a state or local level, and artefacts and historic relics having its own separate numbering system,designations and classification systems(the 1994 did not differentiate between the two and put under the single name artefact, with three classifications but the new law classifies artefacts into two as national and general, and in terms of historic relics classifies into three as national,quasi national, and general.).In 2015, the new "national heritage protection law" included the designations of natural heritage through a separate sublaw.

## Types

The lists presented in these following links are based on data from 2005,when the 1994 law was still in effect.
* National Treasure (North Korea)
* Cultural assets of North Korea(Quasi national treasures classifications as of 2005)
The lists presented in these following inks are based on data from 2015.
* Non-material culture heritage of North Korea: Pungsan dog is designated as a state level non material cultural heritage along with methods to raise the dog and depictions of the dog in literature.Dog meat soup of Kyongsong was designated as a local non material cultural heritage. Making of Korean tofu was designated as a state level non material cultural heritage. 8 new entries of state level non material heritage was added in 2018. In 2021, ritual rites to dangun was designated as state level non material cultural heritage. From 2012 to 2018, 108 entries have been designated in the classification.
# Marc Monnet

Marc Monnet (born 11 March 1947, in Paris) is a French composer of contemporary music, mainly electroacoustic music, who develops the notion of humour in music.

## Selected works

* Patatras, for clarinet, bassoon, 2 violas, 2 cellos and 2 double basses (1984)
* Chant, for solo cello (1984)
* Rigaudon, for horn quartet (1985)
* Les Ténèbres de Marc Monnet, for string quartet (1985)
* Siècle pierre tombeau, for ensemble and electronics (1984)
* Close, for string quartet (1993–1994)
* Wa-wa, for four horns and four trombones (1987)
* Fantasia bruta, for viola solo (1982)
* Chants ténus, for old instruments and electronics (1992)
* Babioles, six pieces for alto saxophone and one piece for tenor saxophone or basset horn (1992)
* Chant fêlé, for flute, clarinet, violin, cello, piano and real time transformations (1996)
* Mouvement, imprévus, et..., for orchestra, violin and other thingies (2013)
# David Crombie Park

David Crombie Park is a park in downtown Toronto that is the spine of the St Lawrence Neighbourhood. While not a destination for visitors from outside the neighbourhood, the park is well used by residents, and by tourists using it as a corridor to walk from downtown to the entertainments found in the nearby Distillery District.

## Namesake

The park is named after David Crombie, who, during his successive three term as mayor of Toronto, had taken a leadership role in the redevelopment of the neighbourhood that surrounds the park. The efforts of Crombie and his colleagues, to preserve the human scale of the neighbourhood, and keep it liveable, are widely praised, in retrospect. The neighbourhood has been called "the gold standard for mixed development" and "the best example of a mixed-income, mixed-use, pedestrian-friendly, sensitively scaled, densely populated community ever built in the province."
# David Erskine, Commendator of Dryburgh

David Erskine, Commandator of Dryburgh was a Scottish landowner.
He was a son of Robert Erskine, Master of Erskine, a brother of John Erskine, Lord Erskine, and Jean Home.
In 1556 his uncle, the Earl of Mar, installed him as Commendator of Dryburgh Abbey and Inchmahome Priory, positions securing him a large income. His cousin Adam Erskine was made Commendator of Cambuskenneth.
Erskine's surviving accounts show that his kinsman Arthur Erskine of Blackgrange and his wife Magdalen Livingstone stayed at Dryburgh on the 9 and 10 of October 1566 before riding to Jedburgh to join Mary, Queen of Scots.
On 21 March 1567 he witnessed and signed an inventory of guns and artillery equipment at Edinburgh Castle. The occasion of making the inventory was that his uncle, now Earl of Mar, resigned responsibility for the castle to James Balfour of Pittendreich. In a formal ceremony, Erskine, with John Cunningham of Drumquhassil, Alexander Erskine of Gogar, Alexander Forrester of Garden, and Archibald Haldane, Constable of Edinburgh Castle, gave the castle keys to James Cockburn of Skraling.
In May 1585 his wife, Margaret Haldane, was held at Kildrummy Castle in the custody of the Master of Elphinstone. Francis Walsingham, at the instance of her brother, wrote to Edward Wotton, an English diplomat in Edinburgh, to ask that she be moved to more congenial location. For a time, William Stewart of Caverston, was made Commendator of Dryburgh.
In 1590 Jean Fleming, Lady Thirlestane paid him £132 Scots for the teind of Lauder.
David Erskine died on 28 May 1611. Margaret Haldane, Lady Dryburgh, died on 13 January 1618.