OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gronovia

Gronovia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Loasaceae, native to Mexico, Central America and northwest South America. They are annual climbing herbs with irritating stinging hairs.

## Species

Currently accepted species include:
* Gronovia longiflora Rose
* Gronovia scandens L.
# Nordland Arbeiderblad

Nordland Arbeiderblad was a Norwegian newspaper, published in Narvik in Nordland county.
Nordland Arbeiderblad was started in October 1931 as the Communist Party of Norway organ in the vicinity. It was published twice a week. It was not issued during the German occupation of Norway from 1940 to 1945, more specifically after August 1940 when the Communist Party was outlawed. The newspaper resurfaced in July 1945, and lasted until October 1958. Before its demise, it was the third last of the Communist Party newspapers, leaving only Friheten and Ny Tid.
Editors-in-chief include Gotfred Johan Hølvold from 1934 to 1936 and Erling Bentzen from 1949 to 1952.
# Guillermo Garcia

Guillermo Garcia may refer to:
* Guillermo García (actor) (born 1981), Venezuelan actor
* Guillermo García (swimmer) (born 1955), Mexican Olympic swimmer
* Guillermo García Oropeza (born 1937), Mexican writer
* Guillermo García-López (born 1983), Spanish professional tennis player
* Guillermo Garcia (baseball) (born 1972), former Major League Baseball catcher
* Guillermo García (sailor) (born 1944), Mexican Olympic sailor
* Guillermo Garcia (volleyball) (born 1983), Argentina national volleyballer
* Guillermo Garcia (tennis), Chilean tennis player at the 1955 & 1956 US Open
* Guillermo García Cantú (born 1960), Mexican actor
* Guillermo Garcia Gonzales (1953–1990), Cuban chess grandmaster
* Guillermo García (Salvadoran footballer) (born 1969), Salvadoran football player
* Guillermo García, model from Zaragoza; Mister Spain 2009
* Guillermo García (musician) (born 1988), Mexican guitarist for S7N
# Guilford Dudley (ambassador)

Guilford Dudley Jr. (June 23, 1907 – June 13, 2002) was an American businessman and diplomat. He served as the United States Ambassador to Denmark under the Nixon Administration.

## Early life

Guilford was born on June 23, 1907, in Nashville, Tennessee. His father, Guilford Dudley, Sr., was a co-founder of the Life and Casualty Insurance Company of Tennessee. His mother, Anne Dallas Dudley, was an activist in the women's suffrage movement in the United States.
Guilford graduated from Vanderbilt University. During World War II, he served in the United States Navy.

## Career

Dudley began his career for the Life and Casualty Insurance Company in 1932. He served as its president from 1951 to 1968. Under his leadership, the company built the Life & Casualty Tower in Downtown Nashville in 1957. He merged the company with American General in 1968. It is now a subsidiary of the American International Group.
Guilford was the chairman of the finance committee of the Tennessee Republican Party. He was the finance manager on the presidential campaigns of Republican candidates Dwight Eisenhower, Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford, and he "served as an advisor to Ronald Reagan's 1980 transition team." He served as the United States Ambassador to Denmark from 1969 to 1971. He was awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of the Dannebrog.

## Personal life, death and legacy

Guilford was married three times; his third wife was Jane Anderson. They resided in Palm Beach, Florida, in a house he later sold to A. Alfred Taubman. Dudley had two sons and a daughter. He was a member of the Belle Meade Country Club in Belle Meade, Tennessee, and the Everglades Club and the Bath and Tennis Club in Palm Beach. He was active in his local community, advocating for causes such as the annual Iroquois Steeplechase.
Guilford died in Nashville, Tennessee, at 94. His funeral was held at the Christ Church Cathedral, and he was buried in Mount Olivet Cemetery. His grandson Chris Dudley was a professional basketball player and politician.
# Grzegorz Kaszak

Grzegorz Kaszak (born 24 February 1964) is a Polish prelate of the Catholic Church who was Bishop of Sosnowiec from 2009 to 2023. He was secretary of the Pontifical Council for the Family from 2007 to 2009.

## Biography

Grzegorz Kaszak was born in Choszczno, Poland (Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień). He graduated from high school in 1983 and studied at the Major Seminary of Gościkowo - Paradyż and then moved to the newly established seminary in Szczecin. He was ordained a priest on 18 June 1989 by Bishop Kazimierz Majdański.
For six months he was chaplain in the parish of Saint Adalbert in Świnoujście-Warszów He then studied moral theology at the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross in Rome. From 1992 to 2002, he worked at the Pontifical Council for the Family. He received his doctorate in 1998 with a thesis entitled "Love and responsible contraception in the catechesis of John Paul II". From July 2002 to November 2007 he was rector of the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Polish Institute in Rome. He was appointed secretary of the Pontifical Council for the Family by Pope Benedict XIV in November 2007.
Pope Benedict named him bishop of Sosnowiec, the second bishop since it was erected in 1992, on 4 February 2009. He received his episcopal consecration on 28 March from Cardinal Józef Glemp. He was the youngest head of a Polish diocese at the time, and some questioned his lack of pastoral experience. He was one of a number of Polish clerics who returned to Poland from their Vatican positions around this time.
Pope Francis accepted his resignation on 24 October 2023. His early resignation was prompted, according to press reports, by recent scandals. After a priest died from suicide in January 2017, Kaszak made no public comments and the diocese blamed mental health issues that others disputed. Another case in March 2023 involved the suicide of a priest following the violent murder of a deacon. Then an orgy conducted by priests with a male sex worker in August 2023 became public knowledge after medics were prevented from aiding the worker when he suffered an adverse drug reaction. In a letter to the diocese on 23 September, Kaszak promised that the priest who hosted the event would be punished by the Church no matter what action the civil authorities take. There were calls for Kaszak's removal, notably from the Catholic journalist and activist Tomasz Terlikowski [pl] and the theologian Jarosław Makowski [pl].
# North Tivoli, Queensland

North Tivoli is a suburb of Ipswich in the City of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, North Tivoli had a population of 84 people.

## Geography

The northern boundary of North Tivoli follows the Warrego Highway. Mount Crosby Road runs through from west to north.
The Bremer River marks the southern border. Most of the suburb is used for industrial purposes; the eastern half of the suburb is occupied by a single business, producing blended landscaping soils and compost.

## Demographics

In the 2016 census, North Tivoli had a population of 96 people.
In the 2021 census, North Tivoli had a population of 84 people.

## Education

There are no schools in North Tivoli. The nearest primary school is Tivoli State School in Tivoli. The nearest secondary school is Ipswich State High School in Brassall.
# North to Alaska (song)

"North to Alaska" is a 1960 hit song recorded by Johnny Horton that was featured in the movie of the same name. The song was written by Mike Phillips, along with Tillman Franks. Though Horton had sung several popular movie tie-in songs, this was the first one that was sung over the opening titles. Horton died in an automobile accident November 5, 1960 two days before the movie was released. Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time.

## Background

The song's lyrics during the opening titles of the film provide a back story for the point where the film begins: Sam McCord left Seattle in 1892 with George and Billy Pratt, "crossed the Yukon river" and "found the bonanza gold below that old white mountain just a little southeast of Nome." By "1901" Sam was known as "a mighty man", and his partner George then tells him, "I'd trade all the gold that's buried in this land for one small band of gold to place on sweet little Jenny's hand." George feels that Jenny is his "true love", and he declares he will "build for my Jenny a honeymoon home" below the same mountain where gold was discovered. An instrumental of the song is also played at the saloon on a piano when Sam and Angel arrive in Nome. The bass singing portion is done by Rusty Goodman.

## Chart performance

"North to Alaska" topped Billboard magazine's Country Singles chart, reached number four on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and eight on Norway Singles Chart.
| Chart (1960–61) | Peak position |
| Australia Singles Chart | 2 |
| Canada (CHUM) | 1 |
| New Zealand (Lever Hit Parade) | 6 |
| Norway (VG-lista) | 8 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 23 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 4 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 1 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 10 |
| West Germany | 41 |
# Gujepur

Gujepur (Hindi:गूजेपुर) is a village and Gram panchayat in Bilhaur Tehsil, Kanpur Nagar district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Its village code is 149904. As per 2011 Census of India report the population of the village is 2,410 where 1,307 are men and 1,103 are women. The village is located 70 km towards North from District headquarters Kanpur.
# Equine agility

Equine agility or horse agility is a sport similar to dog agility but using horses. Horses are asked to navigate an obstacle course with guidance from a human handler on the ground. At lower levels, the horse may be guided with a lead rope but at higher levels the horse works without a lead and in some cases, without a halter. There also are competition levels where horses compete in the "wild" — outside of an enclosed arena, and competitions where horses are not judged live but rather via video sent in by their handlers. Any equine of any size may compete in agility, including miniature horses, donkeys, mules and draft horses.
In live competition, handlers are required to wear an equestrian helmet and cannot use whips or sticks. The horse is only allowed, at most, to wear a halter, lead rope and may wear leg protection such as brushing boots. The lead rope must be loose and the handler cannot pull on it but must remain within a designated position with their horse. Competition usually consists of a course of eight or more obstacles. Examples of obstacles may include tunnels, jumps, a seesaw, passing through a curtain, weaving between poles or cones, passing through or over poles, branches, gates, hoops, water, or tarps; entering a trailer; rolling a ball, backing between two poles, stepping onto an object, standing still, carrying a light load, crossing a bridge, navigating a small maze or labyrinth, crossing over an A-frame, and so on. Courses are often timed, particularly at higher levels.
# Equine Park

Equine Park is a township in Bandar Putra Permai, Seri Kembangan, Selangor. It is located south of Bukit Jalil, east of Puchong, and north of Putrajaya.

## History

Global Oriental Berhad (formerly known as Equine Capital Berhad) purchased 550 acres of the land in 1994 and developed Equine Park into a satellite township.

## Places of interest

* Alice Smith School
* AEON Taman Equine
* Giant Seri Kembangan Archived 2013-05-11 at the Wayback Machine
* McDonald Putra Permai Archived 2012-07-23 at the Wayback Machine
* Pasar Borong Selangor Archived 2012-01-24 at the Wayback Machine

## Access
### Public transportation

PY36 Taman Equine MRT station served by the 12 MRT Putrajaya Line.

### Car

Equine Park is connected to Maju Expressway (MEX) and Damansara–Puchong Expressway (LDP) interchange via Jalan Seri Kembangan (Jalan Putra Permai).
# Guild of Play

The Guild of Play was founded by Dame Grace Kimmins (1871–1954) and others from the Passmore Edwards Settlement to provide structured play for city girls.

## Objective

To provide a civilising influence away from the city streets by reviving the old Merrie England idealised lifestyle.

## Related organisations

* The Bermondsey Settlement
* The Chailey Heritage
* The Guild of the Poor Brave Things
* The Passmore Edwards Settlement

## Related people of influence

* John Passmore Edwards
* Millicent Garrett Fawcett
* Hugh Price Hughes and wife Katherine
* Lord Llangattock
* Mary Neal
* Emmeline Pethick-Lawrence (sometimes written Emmeline Pethick, or with the hyphen omitted)
* Mary Ward
* Brian Kimmins
# Erepta odontina

Erepta odontina is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Helicarionidae. This species is endemic to Mauritius.
# Holding hands

Holding hands is a form of physical intimacy involving two or more people. It may or may not be romantic. Couples often hold hands while walking together outdoors.

## Cultural aspects

In Western culture, spouses and romantic couples often hold hands as a sign of affection or to express psychological closeness. Non-romantic friends may also hold hands, although acceptance of this varies by culture and gender role. Parents or guardians may hold the hands of small children to exercise guidance or authority. In terms of romance, handholding is often used in the early stages of dating or courtship to express romantic interest in a partner. Handholding is also common in advanced stages of a romantic relationship where it may be used to signify or seek solace and reassurance.
Same-sex couples may avoid holding hands in public due to homophobia. In 2012, an average of 74% of gay men and 51% of lesbian women responded to an EU Fundamental Rights Agency survey saying they avoid holding hands in public for fear of harassment or assault. These responses varied from 45% to 89% depending on country, with an average of 66%.
In Arab countries, North Africa, some parts of Asia and traditionally in some Mediterranean and Southern European cultures (especially in Sicily), males also hold hands for friendship and as a sign of respect; a custom which is especially noticed by societies unused to it, for instance when, in 2005, Crown Prince Abdullah of Saudi Arabia held hands with the United States President George W. Bush.

## Physical and psychological aspects

According to Tiffany Field, the director of the Touch Research Institute, holding hands stimulates the vagus nerve, which decreases blood pressure and heart rate and puts people in a more relaxed state.
# Marita insculpta

Marita insculpta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 6 mm.
The shell is closely longitudinally plicate. The ribs form a slight posterior shoulder or angle, interstices with revolving lirae. The color of the shell is light yellowish brown, darker in the grooves.

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off South Australia and Victoria.
# Chiruromys

Chiruromys is a genus of Old World mouse that is restricted to New Guinea and the nearby islands of Goodenough, Fergusson, and Normanby.

## Characteristics

These are small arboreal rats with long tails. Head and body is 8.4–17.5 centimetres (3.3–6.9 in), tail is 12.8–24.5 centimetres (5.0–9.6 in), and weight is 23–122 grams (0.81–4.30 oz). The fur is grey to brown above with a white belly. They are restricted to forests where they spend all of their time in the canopy. They live in groups usually consisting of a breeding pair and their offspring (usually one to three) (Nowak, 1999).

## Classification

Musser and Carleton (2005) considered Chiruromys to be a member of the Pogonomys Division within the Murinae along with the genera Pogonomys, Hyomys, Macruromys, Mallomys, Coccymys, and Anisomys. It is considered a New Guinea Old Endemic, part of the initial wave of murines colonizing the island.

## Species

Genus Chiruromys
* Greater tree mouse, Chiruromys forbesi
* Lamia, Chiruromys lamia
* Lesser tree mouse, Chiruromys vates
# François Bachy

François Bachy (born 6 March 1960) is a French journalist. He was born in Saint-Cloud, Hauts-de-Seine. After obtaining a master's degree in political science, he joined the Training Centre for Journalists (CFJ).

## Career

He spent his entire career at TF1 where he started as a journalist in the economic department (1984–1985) before transferring to the political department (1985–1989).
From 1989 until 1991, he presented the 11 p.m. weekend news and 7 arts à la une from 1989–1993. He then became the senior reporter at TF1's cultural desk. (1991–1993).
Bachy was primarily a political journalist, becoming deputy editor(1994–1996) then chief editor of the domestic policy department, as well as deputy chief editor (1996–2002) then chief editor of the economic and political departments (2002 onwards). As economics and politics chief editor, he nightly analyzed the political situation during election campaigns and was a regular pundit on the 8 p.m. news, discussing political events. During the presidential campaign of 2002, he hosted a "campaign diary" on Jean-Pierre Pernaut's news broadcasts at 1 p.m.
He was decorated as a knight of the National Order of Merit by Jacques Chirac on May 3, 2007 .
He is Deputy Director of Public Information, in charge of the political centre since 2008.
In 2008, he began hosting Le Blog Politique on TF1 and LCI.
In May 2011, he began as a presenter for one Thursday a month with Laurence Ferrari on Parole Directe, a monthly political program on TF1's 8 p.m. broadcast.
He left the TF1 Group on September 10, 2012 to join the Caisse des Dépôts group on October 16, 2012 as communications director and member of the management committees of Groupe Caisse des Dépôts.
He is the author of two books about François Hollande.
# Battle of Martynów

The Battle of Martynów of 20 June 1624 refers to the engagement between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski and the horde of Crimean Tatars under Khan Temir. Koniecpolski dealt a crushing defeat to Khan Temir's forces near Novyi Martyniv (Мартинів). The victory at Martyniów was the biggest Polish victory over the Tatar raiders in a century.

## Background

In the spring of 1624 the Crimean Tatars began to organize another raid into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth borderlands. The horde, led by Khan Temir, approached the Commonwealth in May, and hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski gathered forces to stop it. However, his army was numerically inferior, so that at first he could only carry out delaying actions. By 13 January when he received intelligence that the horde had begun to turn back, he had about 5,000 troops: 600 hussars, 1350 registered Cossacks cavalry, 650 additional Cossack cavalry, 1450 other light cavalry, 350 infantry, 450 nobles from pospolite ruszenie, and several light cannons. This force included several notable soldiers and commanders, such as Stefan Chmielecki, Jan Odrzywolski, Samuel Łaszcz, Paweł Czarniecki and Stefan Czarniecki. He sent some forces, including mobilized peasants, to block possible routes of retreat for the horde, in order to force the horde to cross a river near the village of Martynów, where he planned to ambush them. The Tatar strength is unknown. Leszek Podhorodecki cites a contemporary diarist's estimate of 15,000, calling it a "gross exaggeration".

## Battle

Koniecpolski had to lay several possible ambushes, as Khan Temir was a savvy tactician, and would not fall easily into a trap. Eventually, he tricked the Tatars into attacking his lines, and after some feints by both sides, he managed to trick them into attacking a fortified tabor formation. In order to entrap Khan Temir, Koniecpolski created the illusion that his forces were retreating, abandoning high ground and leaving some scattered wagons with supplies, suggesting disorder. The Tatar attack was absorbed by the Polish cavalry, and a bloody battle ensued, which after about an hour caused the Tatars to break off. Koniecpolski's then pursued them, before withdrawing again, this time luring Tatars into the artillery fire of the tabor formation. This was followed by the charge of all 12 chorągiews of Polish cavalry. In the ensuing retreat, many Tatars drowned in the Dniestr river or nearby muds, and Khan Temir was wounded. Polish forces pursued the fleeing Tatars, and were able to free most of the people the Tatars had captured and were leading into slavery (jasyr). The Polish pursuit ended on the night of 20 to 21 June.

## Aftermath

The victory at Martyniów was a major success for Koniecpolski, as it was the biggest Polish victory over the Tatar raiders in a century. At the same time, Khan Temir lost some influence among the Tatars.
# Dechen Pem

Dechen Pem is a Bhutanese singer. She started singing in 1994 and had an album produced through Norling Drayang.
She won numerous awards including the award for Best Playback Singer (Female) at the 8th National Film Awards as well as the award for Best Playback Singer (Female) at the 1st Viewers Choice Awards’ Dechen pem is cited as one of the veteran rigser singer in Bhutan. She is currently judging the National Singing Competition, Druk Super Star organized by actor Kencho Wangdi

## Personal life

She is married and has two children. In 1993, she joined the Teacher Training College in Paro and upon graduation became a teacher. However, by 2005 she had returned to singing as well as film making.

## Songs

Final Cry (film)
* Phu Ru Ru Ru
* Zamling Miee Bumo
Perfect Girl (film)
* Tendre
* Gawai Semten
Norbu My Beloved Yak (film)
* Gang Thowai
* Olo Lo Lai
* Gungsa Yala
Golden Cup (film)
* Gangchen
* Gesar Shichham
Arunachal Pradesh to Thimphu (film)
* So Ya So Ya
* Ha Hu..
* Tawang Bazer
* Tharingsa

## Films

* Sergyel
* Sem Gai Demtse
* Sem Hingi Sangtam

## Awards

She has won eight awards for best playback singing.
Best female playback singer for Sem Gi Damtse
# Poa ensiformis

Poa ensiformis, commonly known as sword tussock-grass or purple-sheathed tussock-grass, is a species of tussock grass that is endemic to Australia.
The species was formally described in 1970 by Australian botanist Joyce Winifred Vickery based on plant material collected to the north of Kiandra in New South Wales.
# Poa fax

Poa fax is a species of grass in the family Poaceae, native to the Australian states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales, and Victoria. This species has the shortest scientific name of any plant. Poa (πόα) is Greek for "fodder", and fax is Latin for "torch" or "flame", referring to "its dense, spike-like inflorescence which resembles a torch with ascending tongues of flame". While the name Poa fax is accepted as valid by Flora of Australia, and some databases reflect this, such as POWO, WCSP and FloraBase, other sources such as Tropicos, WFO and GrassBase consider it a synonym of Neuropoa fax.