OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# German submarine U-372

German submarine U-372 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II. She was laid down on 17 November 1939 by Kriegsmarinewerft Kiel as construction number 3, launched on 8 March 1941 and commissioned on 19 April 1941 under Kapitänleutnant Heinz-Joachim Neumann.

## Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-372 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8–27 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-372 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and a 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.

## Service history

The boat's career began with training at 1st U-boat Flotilla on 19 April 1941, followed by active service on 1 July 1941 as part of the 1st Flotilla until 13 December 1941, when she joined 29th U-boat Flotilla for operations in the Mediterranean.
In 6 patrols she sank 3 merchant ships, for a total of 11,751 gross register tons (GRT), and HMS Medway, a 14,650 GRT, valuable submarine depot ship.

### Fate

U-372 was sunk on 4 August 1942 in the Mediterranean, SW of Haifa, in position 32°28′N 34°37′E﻿ / ﻿32.467°N 34.617°E﻿ / 32.467; 34.617, by depth charges from Royal Navy destroyers HMS Sikh, HMS Zulu, HMS Croome, HMS Tetcott and an RAF Wellington bomber piloted by F/O Gordon L. MacIntyre DFC. All hands survived.

### Wolfpacks

U-372 took part in three wolfpacks, namely:
* Brandenburg (15 September – 1 October 1941)
* Störtebecker (16 – 19 November 1941)
* Steuben (19 November – 2 December 1941)

## Summary of raiding history

| Date | Ship Name | Nationality | Tonnage | Fate |
| 5 August 1941 | Belgravian | United Kingdom | 3,136 | Sunk |
| 5 August 1941 | Swiftpool | United Kingdom | 5,205 | Sunk |
| 19 September 1941 | Baron Pentland | United Kingdom | 3,410 | Sunk |
| 30 June 1942 | HMS Medway | Royal Navy | 14,650 | Sunk |
# Bramall

Bramall may refer to:
People:
* Edwin Bramall, Baron Bramall (1923–2019) British field marshal
* John Bramall (1923–2000), English sound engineer
Other uses:
* Bramall Hall, a manor house in Greater Manchester, England
* Bramall Lane, a football stadium in Sheffield, England
# Novi Handriawan

Thomas Novi Handriawan (born November 4, 1986) is an Indonesian former footballer.

## Club statistics

| Club | Season | Super League | Super League | Premier Division | Premier Division | Piala Indonesia | Piala Indonesia | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| PSMS Medan | 2011-12 | 30 | 1 | - | - | - | - | 30 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 30 | 1 | - | - | - | - | 30 | 1 |
# 1937 Western Kentucky State Teachers Hilltoppers football team

The 1937 Western Kentucky State Teachers Hilltoppers football team represented Western Kentucky State Teachers College (now known as Western Kentucky University) in the 1937 college football season. They were led Carl “Swede” Anderson, in his last year at the school, and team captain Clarence Caple. Caple and Joe Cook were named to the All Kentucky Team.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| September 24 | Emporia State | Bowling Green, KY | W 7–0 |
| October 1 | at Bradley | Peoria, IL | W 21–0 |
| December 8 | Tampa | Bowling Green, KY | W 13–0 |
| October 15 | at Tennessee Tech | Cookeville, TN | W 20-0 |
| October 22 | Union (KY) | Bowling Green, KY | W 21-0 |
| October 30 | at Western State Teachers (MI) | Western State Teachers College FieldKalamazoo, MI | L 7–13 |
| November 6 | Eastern Kentucky | Bowling Green, KY (rivalry) | W 23–0 |
| November 13 | Western Illinois | Bowling Green, KY | W 28–0 |
| November 20 | Murray State | Bowling Green, KY (rivalry) | T 7–7 |
| Homecoming |||||
# Janell Moon

Janell Moon is an American author of spiritual non-fiction and poetry. In 2002, her book The Wise Earth Speaks to Your Spirit was voted one of the year's best spiritual books by Spirituality and Health magazine.
Her poetry awards include the National Main Street Rag Poetry Contest, The Stonewall Prize from the Chestnut Hills Press, the Salt Hill National Prize from Syracuse University in New York, the Whiskey Hill Award, the Georgia State University Randall Jared Award, the Billie Murray Denny Poetry Award, The Red Rock Review Prize, The Villa Montalvo Poetry Prize, the Gertrude Award, Comstock Poetry Award, and the Poet Lore Award.
She is also a hypnotherapist.

## Works

* Riding Free in a Blue Studebaker (2008)
* The Prayer Box: Create, Write and Live Your Prayers (2004)
* How to Pray Without Being Religious (2004)
* The Wise Earth Speaks to Your Spirit: 52 Ways to Find Your Soul Voice Through Journal Writing (2002)
* Stirring the Waters: Writing to Find Your Spirit (2001)
* The Mouth of Home (1999)
# Fluorescent Black (album)

Fluorescent Black is a studio album by American hip hop group Anti-Pop Consortium. It was released on Big Dada on September 28, 2009.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 79/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| BBC | favorable |
| Clash | 8/10 |
| Drowned in Sound | 8/10 |
| Exclaim! | favorable |
| MusicOMH | |
| Pitchfork | 7.0/10 |
| PopMatters | |
| Spin | favorable |
At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 79, based on 13 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
John Bush of AllMusic gave the album 4.5 out of 5 stars, calling it "one of the best rap records of the year." Thomas Quinlan of Exclaim! said, "Fluorescent Black is an exciting, energetic return for a group long overdue for a new release, and it might just be the best Anti-Pop Consortium album to date." Adam Park of Clash gave the album an 8 out of 10, describing it as "a futuristic blueprint that will subtly define the coming decade's urban landscape."
Dan LeRoy of Dallas Observer included it on the "Best Hip-Hop of 2009" list.

## Personnel

Credits adapted from liner notes.
Anti-Pop Consortium
* Beans – vocals, production
* High Priest – vocals, production
* M. Sayyid – vocals, production
* Earl Blaize – production, engineering, mixing
Additional musicians
* Dolphin – guitar (1, 3, 12)
* MegMan – bass guitar (1, 3, 4), synthesizer (1, 6), production (11)
* Alter Ego – production (4)
* Celina Gray – vocals (4)
* Leslie Klyachman – vocals (4)
* Kristina Zubkova – vocals (4)
* Michael Figaro – vocals (6)
* David Nelson – vocals (9)
* La Sonya Gunter – vocals (9, 11, 12)
* Roots Manuva – vocals (10)
* Shawn Keys – keyboards (12), strings (12)
* Mr Live – vocals (15)
Technical personnel
* Dan Huron – recording (12, 17)
* Tony Dawsey – mastering
* Ron Croudy – design
* Mark Evans – illustration
* Timothy Saccenti – photography
# Albuquerque Chaparrals

The Albuquerque Chaparrals were a senior amateur ice hockey team playing in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The Chaparrals were members of the Southwest Hockey League for its entire existence.

## History

When Ralph Engelstad founded the Southwest Hockey League in 1975, he was able to take advantage of the paucity of ice hockey teams in the region. After the dissolution of the Albuquerque Six-Guns in 1974, the Tingley Coliseum was available for a new tenant and agreed to be the home for the Chaparrals. Coached by Bob Gernander, the team finished second out of six in its first season. Unfortunately, Albuquerque was far less successful in its sophomore year and were in last place about two-thirds of the way through the year. In late January, the league was unable to continue due to a lack of funds and suspended play. All teams, including the Chaparrals, immediately ceased operation and never played again.
# Ethel Wormald

Dame Ethel May Wormald DBE (née Robinson; born 19 November 1901 – died 23 February 1993) was a British politician, educationist and social activist. She was the second woman Lord Mayor of Liverpool. She was appointed a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire for her efforts.

## Biography

She attended Leeds University on scholarship. After graduating she married Stanley Wormald. The couple had two sons. The family relocated to Liverpool after Stanley Wormald took up employment at the Liverpool Institute.

## Political career/activism

She was involved the Personal Aid Society and the Socialist Educational Association. She stood in 1953 as a Labour candidate for Kensington, Liverpool. She served on the council until 1968, chairing the Education Committee from 1955–61, and from 1963–67, when she became the second woman ever to be named as Lord Mayor of Liverpool.
She became a member of the Liverpool Regional Hospital Board and, while a member, fought to create a centre for mentally ill patients who were released from local hospitals without options. A few years before her death she moved to Bethesda, Wales with her younger son, Michael Wormald, a Labour councillor in Arfon for twelve years.

## Death

She died at Bangor, Gwynedd on 23 February 1993, aged 91.

## Legacy

The Ethel Wormald College, a day school which allows older students to train as teachers without spending extra time at residential colleges.
# Brasfemes

Brasfemes is a civil parish in the municipality of Coimbra, Portugal. The population in 2021 was 1,935, in an area of 9.18 km$^2$.
Population of the civil parish of Brasfemes (1864–2021)YearPop.±% 1864 890—     1878 987+10.9% 1890 759−23.1% 1900 831+9.5% 1911 956+15.0% 1920 877−8.3% 1930 967+10.3% 1940 1,127+16.5% 1950 1,249+10.8% 1960 1,353+8.3% 1970 1,508+11.5% 1981 1,758+16.6% 1991 1,695−3.6% 2001 1,847+9.0% 2011 1,969+6.6% 2021 1,935−1.7% :
# Rwanda: From Genocide to Precarious Peace

Rwanda: From Genocide to Precarious Peace is a 2018 non-fiction book by Susan Thomson, published by Yale University Press.
The book describes rule of Rwanda by the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) and Paul Kagame after the Rwandan Genocide had occurred.
The author argues that increasing wealth inequality has led to behind-the-scenes political strife.

## Background

Thomson wrote about Rwanda in Whispering Truth to Power: Everyday Resistance to Reconciliation in Postgenocide Rwanda in 2013.
The author conducted interviews with Rwandans, including ordinary people and pro-RPF high status individuals, as well as field work. In addition the author used the Gersony Report and other official documents as sources.

## Contents

The book has an introduction. Thomson argues that the common public image of post-genocide Rwanda as being peaceful is not accurate.
The genocide is described in the first part, "Genocide: its causes and consequences," which has 60 pages, divided into three chapters. Thomson stated her belief that political power and not ethnic division was the driving factor behind the genocide. She also describes the actions the RPF took in the pre-genocide, genocide, and post-genocide periods.
The second part, the fourth through seventh chapters, describes the period that occurred immediately after the end of the genocide.
"Setting up for success," the third part, describes RPF welfare programs, including anti-poverty programs. It includes chapters 8 through 10.
Other aspects of RPF rule is described in the fourth part, "The fruits of Liberation." Chapters 9 and 10 are in this part.
The end part of the book examines whether a repeat of genocide is likely in the future. The author argued that in the immediate future there are no signs of such a repeat but that such is possible further into the future.

## Reception

Aditi Malik of College of the Holy Cross argued that the work has "a compelling critique of the RPF's reconstruction model". Malik criticized Chapter 12 for not giving enough information on how the usage of language builds loyalty to the RPF, and that the chapter was "hurried".
Kathryn Mara of University of Wisconsin praised the book for being "laboriously researched" though she argued that adding "a more comparative analysis" would make the work better. Mara explained how the RPF political actions impact rank and file Rwandans.
W. R. Pruitt of Virginia Wesleyan University argued that the book had undue bias against the Rwandan government and that at times was misleading in its criticisms.
Herman T. Salton of International Christian University stated that the work is "engaging, well-researched and important".
Anneleen Spiessens described the book as having "a compelling case for a power-political analysis".
# Guzmania harlingii

Guzmania harlingii is a species of plant in the family Bromeliaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# The History of Sketch Comedy

The History of Sketch Comedy is an Audible Plus podcast by Keegan-Michael Key and Elle Key.

## Background

The trailer for the show was released on January 5, 2021. The series was released on January 28, 2021. The idea for the show came from Key's wife, Elle Key. The series is also directed and co-written by Elle Key. The series consists of 10 episodes that are each roughly 30 minutes long. The podcast is an Audible Plus show and is exclusive to the platform. The podcast was not performed in front of live audience, but Key did record with Elle Key, a sound engineer, and a production assistant. Laura Jane Standley and Eric McQuade wrote in The Atlantic that "Key's knowledge of comedy is sophisticated" and included the show in their list of the best podcasts in 2021. The show was nominated for a 2022 NAACP Image Award. The show won the 2022 People's Voice Award for Best Writing at the Webby Awards.
# KRT72

KRT72 is a keratin gene. It is responsible for hair formation, and it encodes a protein present in the inner root sheath of hair follicles.
# Davis Lakes

Davis Lakes is a group of lakes near the northern edge of Duchesne County, Utah, United States.

## Description

The lakes are in the High Uintas Wilderness within the Ashley National Forest at the headwaters of the Uinta River at an elevation of 11,020 feet (3,360 m).
Davis Lakes were named for Bob Davis, an early guide in the area and was the first to stock fish in the lakes.
# Kuppusamy

Kuppusamy is an Indian surname used in the state of Tamil Nadu. Notable people with that name include:
* Anitha Kuppusamy, Indian Tamil folk and Carnatic singer
* G. Nehru Kuppusamy, Indian politician
* N. Kuppusamy, Indian politician
* Pushpavanam Kuppusamy, Indian Tamil folk singer
* S. Nagarajan Kuppusamy, Singaporean convicted killer
* Bala Kuppusamy, Singaporean serial rapist and robber
# Fluorescent Black

Fluorescent Black may refer to:
* Fluorescent Black (comics), 2008–2010 story in Heavy Metal magazine
* Fluorescent Black (album), 2009 album by American hip hop group Anti-Pop Consortium
# Eugene M. Landis

Eugene Markley Landis (August 14, 1901 – 1987) was a professor of medicine and noted vascular physiology researcher.
Landis was born in New Hope, PA on August 14, 1901. His father was a biology teacher.
He received four diplomas from the University of Pennsylvania; AB in 1922, MS in 1924, MD in 1926, and PhD in 1927. He began doing research in zoology as an undergraduate student and did physiology research on capillary pressure and permeability as a medical student. After his PhD, we went abroad for a research fellowship in Copenhagen and London.
He returned to the United States and worked as a professor of medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. He became chairman of medicine at University of Virginia School of Medicine in 1939, and professor of physiology at Harvard Medical School in 1943. He retired in 1967.
Landis served as president of the American Society for Clinical Investigation in 1942 and as president of the American Physiological Society in 1952. He served as Editor-in-Chief of Circulation Research. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1954.
Landis died in 1987. He was married and had one daughter.
In 1969, the Microcirculatory Society began awarding the Eugene M. Landis Research Award.
# House of Montoire

The House of Montoire started with Nihard, Lord of Montoire. Later, through the marriages of Plaisante de Montoire and Helvise Doubleau, the possessions of Mondoubleau and Fréteval Langeais were added. The manor of Mondoubleau and, following the marriage of Pierre II de Montoire and Agnès de Vendôme, the county of Vendôme became part of the House of Montoire.

## House of Montoire

Nihard (+ 1059), seigneur de Montoire
Plaisante of Montoire
* 1)Married, Eudes I of Doubleau (+1057), seigneur de Montdoubleau,
* 2)Married, Aubry de Nouatre (+1072), seigneur de Montoire
Hugues II Doubleau (+1065), seigneur de Montdoubleau, son of Plaisante
Helvise Doubleau, daughter of Hugues II
* 1)Married, Payen de Fréteval (+1044), seigneur de Fréteval
* 2)Married, Hamelin II de Langeais (+1108), seigneur de Langeais and de Montoire, son of Gautier de Langeais, Viscount of Le Mans and Vendôme
1)Hildebert Payen, seigneur de Montdoubleau son of Payen of Freteval.
* Married Aia.
2)Peter I of Montoire (+1135), seigneur de Montoire, son of Hamelin II.
* Married, Ada
Philip de Montoire, seigneur de Montoire, son of Peter I.
* 1)Married, Aénor
* 2)Married Laetitia, Lady of Savonières
Peter II, seigneur de Montoire, son of Philip of Montoire and Laetitia.
* Married, Agnès of Vendôme, daughter of Bouchard IV, Count of Vendôme
John IV (+1230), seigneur de Montoire, Count of Vendôme, son of Peter II.
* Married, Eglantine
Peter (+1249), Count of Vendôme, son of John IV.
* Married, Jeanne de Mayenne (+1246)
Bouchard V (1225+1271), Count of Vendôme, son of Peter.
* Married, Marie de Roye
Jean V (1250+1315), Count of Vendôme, son of Bouchard V.
* Married, Eléonore de Montfort, Lady of Castres
Bouchard VI (1290+1354), Count of Vendôme and Lord of Castres, son of John V.
* Married in 1320, Alix de Dreux
Jean VI (+1364), Count of Vendôme and Lord of Castres, son of Bouchard VI.
* Married, Jeanne de Ponthieu
Catherine de Vendôme (+1412), Countess of Vendôme and Castres, daughter of John VI.
* Married, John I of Bourbon, Count of La Marche and of Vendôme
       ===>Counts of Vendôme through the House of Bourbon-La Marche
Bouchard VII (+1371), Count of Vendôme and Castres, son of John VI.
* Married, Isabelle of Bourbon (+1371)
Jeanne de Vendôme (+1372), Countess of Vendôme and Castres, daughter of Bouchard VII.
# Gustaf Söderberg

Gustaf Söderberg (April 8, 1799 - November 3, 1875) was a Swedish painter and military officer.

## Biography

Söderberg was born at Norrköping in Östergötland, Sweden. He was the son of the clothing manufacturer Johan Söderberg and Agnes Arosenius. He studied art in Stockholm and had a career in military service. In 1819 he went to Italy and in 1821 spent some time in Paris. In 1824, he traveled through Norway on a painting tour. He regularly participated in the Academy of Fine Arts exhibitions from 1822.
He was appointed Adjutant at the Expeditionary General for the Army at Stockholm in 1826. In 1827 he was appointed ordination officer of the Crown Prince. He was commissioned to make lithographic poster work on the Swedish and Norwegian military uniforms which was completed in 1828.
He became Adjutant to the Crown Prince in 1833. During the 1830s to the 1850s, he made several trips around Europe while advancing in the military grades to become Colonel. He retired from military service in 1864 and spent his last years traveling in Europe. He died in Stockholm during 1875.
# T. D. Upshaw

Taz David Upshaw (August 8, 1902 – May 1970) was an educator, principal, and American football coach. He was the seventh head football coach at Tennessee A&I State College—now known as Tennessee State University—in Nashville, Tennessee and he held that position from 1930 until 1931, compiling a record of 3–4.
# KRT40

KRT40 is a keratin gene that encodes for keratin40, a type I keratin expressed in the kidney.
# January 2013 Northwest Pacific cyclone

The January 2013 Northwest Pacific cyclone was a powerful extratropical cyclone which caused heavy rainfall and a severe blizzard in Japan in January 2013. Forming northeast of Taiwan on January 13 and absorbing Tropical Depression Bising soon afterward, the storm quickly intensified in the southern sea off Japan on January 14, and reached its peak intensity east of Japan on January 15, with its central atmospheric pressure decreasing to 936 hPa (27.6 inHg). The system then weakened, crossed the Kamchatka Peninsula late on January 18, and dissipated east of Hokkaido on January 21.

## Meteorological history

At 0000 UTC on January 13, an extratropical cyclone formed northeast of Taiwan, and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) started to issue storm warnings on the developing low; 18 hours later, the storm southeast of Kyushu absorbed Tropical Depression Bising which formed near the Philippines. Fed by the remnants of the tropical depression's huge amounts of heat and vapor, the storm quickly intensified and became a hurricane-force bomb cyclone when it passed over the sea south of Japan on January 14. Late the same day, the estimated 10-minute maximum sustained winds reached 80 knots (150 km/h) when the storm was east of the Tōhoku region. On January 15, the atmospheric pressure of the powerful extratropical cyclone far east of Hokkaido decreased to 936 hPa (27.6 inHg), which is equivalent to a very strong typhoon.
At 0000 UTC on January 16, the extratropical cyclone started to weaken, and the storm was no longer producing sustained hurricane-force winds. A half of day later, the estimated 10-minute maximum sustained winds weakened to 50 knots (93 km/h) when the system was located southeast of the Kamchatka Peninsula, whilst the atmospheric pressure also decreased to 948 hPa (28.0 inHg). The storm turned westerly on January 17, and it became gale-force at 00Z on January 18. Late on January 18, the center crossed the southernmost point of the Kamchatka Peninsula and arrived at the Sea of Okhotsk, when the atmospheric pressure was 986 hPa (29.1 inHg). The low turned southwesterly then southerly, and it passed through the Kuril Islands on January 20. The system finally dissipated to the far east of Hokkaido on January 21.

## Impact
### Japan

The powerful extratropical cyclone which passed over the sea south of Japan caused heavy rainfall and snowfall in the country on January 14. In Tokyo, the blizzard dumped 8 cm (3.1 in) of snow in nine hours. It also left 13 cm (5.1 in) of snow in the neighboring city Yokohama and 30 cm (12 in) of snow in mountainous areas around Tokyo.
About 1600 injuries were recorded in Japan. In Shiojiri, a 71-year-old man died after falling into an open drain as he cleared snow around his house. A large chunk of frozen snow fell from the Tokyo Skytree and crashed into the roof of a house below, leaving a 30 cm (12 in) hole.
As January 14 was also Coming of Age Day in 2013, many young Japanese people who were celebrating their 20th year had to walk through heavy snowfall to attend Coming of Age Day ceremonies.