OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Echinocereus pseudopectinatus

Echinocereus pseudopectinatus is a species of cactus native to Mexico and the United States.

## Description

Echinocereus pseudopectinatus typically grows singly with light green cylindrical shoots up to 20 cm long and 5 cm in diameter, partially hidden by spines. It has 15 to 16 slightly tuberculated ribs. The three to five protruding, whitish central spines, sometimes in two rows, are 0.5 to 1.5 cm long. The twelve to fifteen spreading, whitish radial spines are 0.9 to 1.5 cm long. The funnel-shaped flowers are magenta, appear near the tips of the shoots, and are up to 11 cm long with a diameter of 6 to 9 cm. The spherical fruits are red and thorny.

## Distribution

Echinocereus pseudopectinatus is found in a small area in Cochise County, Arizona, USA, and in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora between 800 and 1500 meters. The plant grows on rocky outcrops in the Chihuahuan Desert growing along with Mammillaria standleyi, Echinocereus rigidissimus and Coryphantha recurvata.

## Taxonomy

First described as Echinocereus bristolii var. pseudopectinatus by Nigel Paul Taylor in 1985, the specific epithet "pseudopectinatus" means 'false' and indicates its similarity to Echinocereus pectinatus. Taylor elevated it to an independent species in 1989.
# Judith Lennox

Judith Lennox is a British writer of romance novels.
# 1885 in India

Events in the year 1885 in India.

## Incumbents

* Empress of India – Queen Victoria
* Viceroy of India – The Earl of Dufferin

## Events

* National income - ₹3,991 million
* 24 June – Lord Randolph Churchill becomes Secretary of State for India.
* 28 December – 72 Indian lawyers, academics and journalists gather at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay to form the Congress Party.
* First President of Indian National Congress – W. C. Banerjee; First Secretary of Indian National Congress – A. O. Hume; Dadabbhai Naoroji gave the name Indian National Congress

## Law

* Indian Telegraph Act
* Land Acquisition (Mines) Act
* East India Unclaimed Stock Act (British statute)
* East India Loan Act (British statute)
* Indian Army Pension Deficiency Act (British statute)
* Evidence By Commission Act (British statute)

## Births

* 14 February – Syed Zafarul Hasan, Muslim philosopher (died 1949).
# Duke Williams

Duke Williams may refer to:
* Duke Williams (musician), American musician
* Duke Williams (safety) (born 1990), American football safety
* Duke Williams (wide receiver) (born 1993), American football wide receiver
# Galeotto II Pico della Mirandola

Galeotto II Pico della Mirandola, lord of Mirandola (Mirandola, 1508 – Paris, 20 November 1550), was an Italian condottiere.
He was the son of Ludovico I Pico, who died in 1509 and Francesca Trivulzio and grew up under the tutelage of his mother, who ruled the state in his name until 1511. He learned from it the hatred of his uncle Gianfrancesco II Pico, lord of Mirandola. In 1533 he entered the castle and murdered his uncle, taking power. Then Emperor Charles V sent his commissioners to Mirandola, inviting Galeotto to hand over the State, but he refused and was therefore sentenced to death. But not even the sending of the general Antonio de Leyva succeeded in moving Galeotto.
He then placed himself in 1536, under the protection of Francis I, sending his children to the French court. In the Italian War of 1536–38, when the war between the French and Charles V rekindled, Galeotto participated in Piedmont in the maneuvers against the imperials.
He died in Paris in 1550.
He was the father of Silvia Pico della Mirandola and Fulvia Pico della Mirandola, who married the brothers François III de La Rochefoucauld, Prince of Marcillac, Count of Roucy and Baron of Verteuil, and Charles de La Rochefoucauld, Comte de Randan, in a double marriage of siblings.
# Karvansara

Karvansara or Karavansara or Karevansera may refer to:
* Amre Taza, Armenia
* Karvansara, Gegharkunik, Armenia
* Ijevan, Armenia
* Karvansara, Khuzestan, Iran
* Karvansara, Markazi, Iran
* Karvansara, Naqadeh, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Karvansara, Urmia, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Karvansara, Zanjan, Iran
* Karvansara-ye Olya, Iran
* Karvansara-ye Sofla, Iran
# Reine Enchanteur

Reine Enchanteur (f. 1967) was a Thoroughbred racehorse out of Sea Bird who was sold for a world-record $405,000 ($3.5 million inflation adjusted) in 1968.
She earned a total career purse of $9,305. Owner Wendell P. Rosso used her for breeding, including with 1971 Blue Grass Stakes winner Impetuosity.
# Nawada railway station

Nawada Railway Station or Nawadah is a main railway station of Nawada in Nawada District, Bihar. Its code is NWD. It serves Nawada city. The station consists of 2 platforms. The platform is well sheltered. Although it is a category C station, it lacks many facilities like most good C class stations. The station lies on Gaya–Kiul line of East Central Railway. Its new building is currently under construction at just 500m away from old building in Kiul direction.
vteGaya–Kiul line :
Legend :
Sources: Google maps; India Rail Info :

## Major trains

The following trains run from Nawada railway station:
TRAIN SCHEDULE :
| Train No. | Train Name | Arrival Time | Departure Time | Running Days | Running Days | Running Days | Running Days | Running Days | Running Days | Running Days |
| 03394 | Gaya - Kiul Passenger Special (UnReserved) | 00:20 | 00:25 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 15620 | Kamakhya - Gaya Weekly Express | 03:52 | 03:54 | | | T | | | | |
| 03389 | Kiul - Gaya Passenger Special (UnReserved) | 06:50 | 06:55 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 03386 | Gaya - Jhajha Passenger Special (UnReserved) | 06:55 | 07:00 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 05404 | Gaya - Jamalpur Express Special (UnReserved) | 07:55 | 08:00 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 03627 | Kiul - Gaya Passenger Special (UnReserved) | 07:55 | 08:00 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 13023 | Howrah - Gaya Express | 09:00 | 09:02 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 03356 | Gaya - Kiul MEMU Special | 08:55 | 09:00 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 03615 | Jamalpur - Gaya Passenger Special (UnReserved) | 11:45 | 11:50 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 03390 | Gaya - Kiul Passenger Special (UnReserved) | 13:07 | 13:12 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 13024 | Gaya - Howrah Express | 13:22 | 130:24 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 15619 | Gaya - Kamakhya Weekly Express | 14:01 | 14:03 | | | T | | | | |
| 12350 | New Delhi - Godda Weekly Humsafar Express | 15:00 | 15:02 | | | | W | | | |
| 03616 | Gaya - Jamalpur Passenger Special (UnReserved) | 17:00 | 17:05 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 03355 | Kiul - Gaya MEMU Special | 17:00 | 17:05 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 03385 | Jhajha - Gaya Passenger Special (UnReserved) | 18:00 | 18:05 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 05407 | Rampurhat - Gaya Express Special (UnReserved) | 21:30 | 21:35 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 12349 | Godda - New Delhi Weekly Humsafar Express | 21:18 | 21:20 | | M | | | | | |
| 03628 | Gaya - Kiul Passenger Special (UnReserved) | 21:15 | 21:20 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |
| 03393 | Kiul - Gaya Passenger Special (UnReserved) | 22:15 | 22:20 | S | M | T | W | T | F | S |

## Proposed Routes Through This Station

* Nawada - Bihar Sharif line - 39.10 Km.
* Nawada - Banka line (via. Jamui) - 149 Km.
* Nawada - Giridih line (via. Satgawan) - 130 Km.
* Nawada - Pawapuri line - 35 Km.
* Nawada - Lakshmipur line - 137 Km.
# Finsterwalder Funfex

The Finsterwalder Funfex is a German high-wing, single-place, hang glider, designed and produced by Finsterwalder.

## Design and development

The Funfex and the smaller-sized Airfex are intended as man-packable double-surface intermediate gliders for recreational cross-country flying. As such the Funfex weighs only 24 kg (52.9 lb) and can be reduced to a folded size of 1.95 m (6.4 ft)
The aircraft is made from aluminum tubing, with the wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its 9.4 m (30.8 ft) span wing is cable braced from a single kingpost. The nose angle is 120° and the aspect ratio is 5.5:1.

## Variants
### Airfex

    Medium-sized glider with wing area of 13.8 m$^2$ (149 sq ft) and a pilot hook-in weight of 45 to 75 kg (99 to 165 lb). DHV certified as Class 1-2.

### Funfex

    Large-sized glider with wing area of 16 m$^2$ (170 sq ft) and a pilot hook-in weight of 70 to 105 kg (154 to 231 lb). DHV certified as Class 2.

## Specifications (Funfex)

Data from Bertrand
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Wingspan: 9.4 m (30 ft 10 in)
* Wing area: 16 m$^2$ (170 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 5.5:1
* Empty weight: 24 kg (53 lb)
* Gross weight: 136 kg (300 lb)
Performance
* Stall speed: 25 km/h (16 mph, 13 kn)
* Never exceed speed: 80 km/h (50 mph, 43 kn)
* Maximum glide ratio: 10.5:1
* Wing loading: 8.5 kg/m$^2$ (1.7 lb/sq ft)
# Rubus fagifolius

Rubus fagifolius is a Mesoamerican species of brambles in the rose family. It grows in southern Mexico (Veracruz, Oaxaca, Chiapas) and Central America (Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica).
Rubus fagifolius is a climbing perennial sometimes reaching 18 meters above the ground. Stems have curved prickles. Leaves are compound with 3 or 5 thick, leathery leaflets. Flowers are white. Fruits are red, the drupelets falling apart separately.
# Rubus felix

Rubus felix, the woodland dewberry, is a rare North American species of flowering plant in the rose family. It has been found in scattered locations in the eastern United States (Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Long Island in New York State, Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky).
The genetics of Rubus is extremely complex, so it is difficult to decide on which groups should be recognized as species. There are many rare species with limited ranges such as this. Further study is suggested to clarify the taxonomy.
# Rubus ferrugineus

Rubus ferrugineus is a Caribbean species of brambles in the rose family. It has been found only on the island of Guadeloupe in the West Indies, part of the French Republic.
Rubus ferrugineus is a perennial shrub or small tree with stems up to 6 meters (20 feet) tall, with curved prickles. Stems are covered with wool and armed with curved prickles. Leaves are compound with 3 or 5 leaflets. Flowers are white. Fruits are black and egg-shaped.
# Holy Rosary Cathedral

Holy Rosary Cathedral can refer to:

## Bangladesh

* Holy Rosary Cathedral, Chittagong

## Canada

* Holy Rosary Cathedral (Vancouver), a Roman Catholic church in British Columbia
* Holy Rosary Cathedral (Regina, Saskatchewan), the Mother Church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Regina

## Curaçao

* Queen of the Most Holy Rosary Cathedral, Willemstad

## India

* Cathedral of the Most Holy Rosary, Kolkata
* Cathedral of the Most Holy Rosary, Cuttack

## Indonesia

* Holy Rosary Cathedral, Semarang (Cathedral of the Virgin Mary, Queen of the Holy Rosary), a Roman Catholic church in Semarang

## Taiwan

* Holy Rosary Cathedral, Kaohsiung, the oldest Catholic church in Taiwan

## United States

* Rosary Cathedral (Toledo, Ohio) a Roman Catholic church in Toledo, Ohio
# Home by Dawn

Home by Dawn is the fourth album by American singer-songwriter JD Souther, released in 1984.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Philadelphia Inquirer | |
Musician reviewer J. D. Considine wrote simply: "Don't wait up." The Philadelphia Inquirer deemed Home by Dawn "one of the best, most enjoyable L.A. rock albums in years." The New York Times noted that "although his idiom certainly is reminiscent of the Eagles', his very lack of dominant commercial success helps preserve his sense of freshness."

## Track listing

All songs written by JD Souther, except where noted.
* "Home by Dawn" – 2:49
* "Go Ahead and Rain" – 3:31
* "Say You Will" (Souther, Danny Kortchmar) – 2:51
* "I'll Take Care of You" – 2:32
* "All for You" – 3:31
* "Night" (Souther, Waddy Wachtel) – 3:29
* "Don't Know What I'm Gonna Do" – 2:09
* "Bad News Travels Fast" – 5:52
* "All I Want" – 5:59

## Personnel

* JD Souther – guitar, piano, drums, vocals, backing vocals
* Steve Goldstein – keyboards on "Night"
* Don Henley – vocals, backing vocals
* David Hungate – bass
* Vince Melamed – keyboards
* Josh Leo – guitar
* Russ Martin – backing vocals
* Randy McCormick – keyboards
* Linda Ronstadt – vocals on "Say You Will"
* Timothy B. Schmit – vocals, backing vocals
* Waddy Wachtel – guitar on "Night"
* Billy Joe Walker Jr. – guitar

## Production

* David Malloy - producer
* Richard Bosworth - engineer
* Joe Bogan - recording
* Niko Bolas, Russ Martin - additional vocal recording
# Homospermidine synthase (spermidine-specific)

In enzymology, a homospermidine synthase (spermidine-specific) (EC 2.5.1.45) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    spermidine + putrescine $\rightleftharpoons$ sym-homospermidine + propane-1,3-diamine
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are spermidine and putrescine, whereas its two products are sym-homospermidine and propane-1,3-diamine.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring aryl or alkyl groups other than methyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is spermidine:putrescine 4-aminobutyltransferase (propane-1,3-diamine-forming).
# Chử Đồng Tử

Chử Đồng Tử (Chữ Hán: 褚童子) is the name of a famous Vietnamese divine being, one of "The Four Immortals" "Tứ bất tử" in traditional Vietnamese mythology. In legend Chử Đồng Tử appeared on a yellow or golden dragon to Triệu Quang Phục the sixth-century resistance leader.

## Mythology

Chử was born in an extremely poor fishing family. He and his father possessed nothing but a single loincloth. When his father died, Chử Đồng Tử did not want to bury his father while naked. Afraid of being seen bare by others, Chử retreated to a marsh where few people would approach.
One day, Princess Tiên Dung (仙容) passed by the marsh. She ordered her servant to put up curtains while she took a bath. Coincidentally, the spot she chose to bathe in was exactly where Chử was hiding himself. Upon discovering the youth, the Princess reckoned that this meeting must be fate, and proposed to Chử.
The king was enraged by his daughter's marriage to a poor commoner. He disowned Princess Tiên Dung and her husband. They were forced to wander and work to feed themselves. Chử Đồng Tử took up trading as his occupation. Whilst on a caravan or business trip, he docked at an island on the sea where he met a sage named Phật Quang (佛光). Chử remained behind to become his disciple. Upon completing his study, his master gave him a stick and a hat.
Upon returning to his wife and wandering lifestyle, one day the couple found themselves in a vast field with no shelter under the pouring hail. Chử drove the stick into the ground and used the hat to shield his wife. To their amazement, the stick and the hat transformed into a grand palace with many servants. People from nearby villages came and pledged their allegiance to the princess and her husband.
Assuming that his daughter was rebelling against him, the king led a force to subjugate her. The princess and her husband refused to fight him, so with their castle and servants, they ascended into heaven. The spot where the castle once stood is now called Nhất Dạ (meaning One Night).
# Hon-Yim Ko

Hon-Yim Ko is a Professor Emeritus at the University of Colorado, where he held the Glenn L. Murphy Professor and Chair of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering from 2000 to 2010. He has won national renown in research and teaching in the specialties of centrifuge modeling, earthquake engineering, mechanical properties of soil and rock, constitutive modeling and soil-structure interaction. His research resulted in over 200 scholarly publications, and prestigious research awards, including the Huber Research Prize by the American Society of Civil Engineers; and the Colorado Engineering Council Gold Medal.
He excelled in university teaching, being awarded the Outstanding Educator of America from by the American Society for Engineering Education and the Hutchinson Memorial Teaching Award, U. of Colorado.
He is cited in the American Men and Women of Science.

## Education

Ko was educated in the Queen Elizabeth School, Hong Kong, and received his B.Sc. at the University of Hong Kong. He went for graduate studies in the California Institute of Technology where he obtained the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees.
# Ciguatoxin

Ciguatoxins are a class of toxic polycyclic polyethers found in fish that cause ciguatera.
There are several different chemicals in this class. "CTX" is often used as an abbreviation.
* Ciguatoxin 1 - CID 5311333 from PubChem
* Ciguatoxin 2 - CID 6441260 from PubChem
* Ciguatoxin 3 - CID 6444399 from PubChem
* Ciguatoxin 4B (Gambiertoxin 4b) - CID 6450530 from PubChem

## Toxic effect on humans

Ciguatoxins do not seem to harm the fish that carry them, but they are poisonous to humans. They cannot be smelled or tasted and cannot be destroyed by cooking. Rapid testing for this toxin in food is not standard.
Some ciguatoxins lower the threshold for opening excitatory voltage-gated sodium channels in the nervous system. Opening a sodium channel causes depolarization, which could sequentially cause paralysis, heart arrhythmia, and changing the senses of heat and cold. Such poisoning from ciguatoxins is known as ciguatera.
Ciguatoxins are lipophilic, able to cross the blood–brain barrier, and can cause both central and peripheral neurologic symptoms.
The major symptoms will develop within 1–3 hours of toxin ingestion: vomiting, diarrhea, numbness of extremities, mouth and lips, reversal of hot and cold sensation, muscle and joint aches. The symptoms may last from days to weeks or even months depending on each individual situation. There is no known antidote, though several therapeutic targets have been identified. The LD$_{50}$ of ciguatoxin in mice is around 200 to 300 ng/kg.

## Bioaccumulation

Ciguatoxin is produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus, a type of dinoflagellate. The phenomenon occurs in the Caribbean Sea, Hawaii, and coastal Central America. The toxin usually accumulates in the skin, head, viscera, and roe of big reef fish like grouper, wrasse, triggerfish, lionfish, and amberjack. It also affects barracuda, snapper, hogfish, king mackerel, and sea bass.
# Royal Palace (opera)

Royal Palace is a 1925 one-act German-language ballet opera with a female choir in 13 scenes by Kurt Weil to a libretto by Yvan Goll. The premiere was on 2 March 1927 at the Berlin State Opera under the artistic direction of Erich Kleiber.
The orchestral score and thus the original instrumentation was lost during the Nazi era and was reconstructed in 1971 by Noam Sheriff and Gunther Schuller, as a dance drama from a piano reduction with notes on the orchestration.

## Cast

* Dejanira (dramatic soprano)
* The Husband (bass)
* Yesterday's Lover (baritone)
* Tomorrow's Lover (tenor)
* The Young Fisherman (tenor)
* The Old Fisherman (bass)
* Ladies Choir (backstage)
# Rudbeck

The Rudbeck family, also spelled Rudebeck or von Rudebeck is a Swedish noble family, originating from Northern Schleswig. They were ennobled in 1719 by Queen Ulrika Eleanora and in 1776 awarded with the title of Baron in Sweden. The family is related to the Nobel family.

## Notable members

* Johannes Rudbeck (1581–1646), Bishop at Västerås, Sweden, from 1619 until his death
* Olaus Rudbeck (1630–1702), Swedish scientist and writer, professor of medicine at Uppsala University, son of Bishop Johannes Rudbeck at Västerås
* Olof Rudbeck the Younger (1660–1740), Swedish explorer and scientist, son of Olaus Rudbeck Sr., ennobled 1719 by Queen Ulrika Eleanora.
# Chuvash State Academic Song and Dance Ensemble

Chuvash State Academic Song and Dance Ensemble is a Russian art collective, originally named the Chuvash National Choir.

## History

The team was founded in 1924 by Chuvash professional music composers and choral conductors F.P. Pavlov (1892–1931) and V.P. Vorobyov (1887–1954) as the Chuvash National Choir. Its leaders began to gather and process Chuvash folk songs, performing them for the public in Chuvashia and throughout Russia. In the 1920s the choir toured in Moscow, Leningrad and Gorky.

### Ensemble

In 1939 the Chuvash National Choir was renamed the Chuvash State Song and Dance Ensemble. The first artistic director was a young composer and conductor A.G. Orlov-Shuzm (1914–1996). Under his leadership the ensemble performed in Moscow, music and dance of the RSFSR peoples. Later the ensemble was led by conductor Kazatchkov S.A. (1909–2005).

### World War II

The activity continued during World War II. The Ensemble stayed three-months at the Bryansk and Kalinin Fronts in the winter of 1943.

## Recognition

* Winner of All-Union and All-Russian review,
* Laureate of the State K. Ivanov's Prize of the Chuvash Republic
* Team was awarded the title "academic" ensemble (1994).
* Honorary diploma of the Chuvash Republic (2009).
# Hoofdklasse (disambiguation)

The Hoofdklasse (Dutch, 'head class') is the second-highest league of amateur football in the Netherlands, and the fifth tier in general.
Hoofdklasse may also refer to:

## Netherlands

* Hoofdklasse (women), the second highest league of amateur women's football
* Men's Hoofdklasse Hockey, the men's top division of field hockey
* Women's Hoofdklasse Hockey, the women's top division of field hockey
* Hoofdklasse (cricket), the second highest domestic cricket competition
* Hoofdklasse (korfball), the second highest echelon of korfball
* Honkbal Hoofdklasse, the highest level of professional baseball
* Futsal Hoofdklasse (women), the second level women's futsal league

## Suriname

* SVB Hoofdklasse, the second division of Surinamese football
# Hoofdletters, Tweeling- en Meerlingdruk

Hoofdletters, Tweeling- en Meerlingdrukwas a Dutch book published in 1958. In the book, author Dr. George van den Bergh made several propositions for a more economical arrangement of type in books. The book was featured in Herbert Spencer's Typographica (Old Series, number 16, 1959) in and Eye magazine (no. 47, vol. 12, Spring 2003). In Rick Poynor's Typographica he translates the Dutch title as "Capitals, twin- and multi-print."
There were three principles in van den Bergh's proposals. The first was that printing in all caps (Hoofdletters in Dutch means uppercase letters) would save the space wasted by the ascenders and descenders of lowercase letters. The second principle involved double printing texts that could be screened by overlaying sheets that masked every other line of text. The third principle involved double printing texts in red and green: the reader could then read through red or green "spectacles" that filtered out one text.
Erik Kindel, author of the 2003 Eye article sums up with a contemporary evaluation of the book:
   Casting a cold eye over Hoofdletters, Tweeling- en Meerlingdruk, it is difficult to see it as anything more than an earnest but bizarre solution to what was undoubtedly a real problem in postwar Europe, and the Netherlands in particular. Most designers, typographers and readers will probably find its technically deterministic contravention of long-established typographic practice merely naïve, resulting in a harmless curiosity that merits little consideration, only incredulity. But if Hoofdletters is designated a practical failure, a typography in extremis, something stops us from dismissing it out of hand. With a warmer eye it resolves into an enlightening object of mirth. While there is no indication that Van den Bergh regarded Hoofdletters with anything but complete seriousness, 45 years on it, too, operates, if accidentally, as an ingenious satire – on the preoccupations of legibility research, or the promise of technology so readily associated with the period of its invention"
# Hoofnagle

Hoofnagle is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Chris Hoofnagle, American law professor
* Jay Houston Hoofnagle (born 1943), American expert in hepatotoxicity, hepatitis, cirrhosis and other diseases of the liver
* William Hoofnagle (1921–2012), American economist and politician