OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Josef Fiala

Josef Fiala (Joseph Fiala) (3 February 1748 – 31 July 1816), was a Czech composer, oboist, viola da gamba virtuoso, cellist, and pedagogue of the Classical period.

## Life

He was born in Lochovice in Bohemia and began his musical career there as an oboist in the service of Countess Valpruga Netolická. The countess supported his studies of oboe with Jan Šťastný in Prague. He also studied violoncello and viola da gamba with František Josef Werner. In 1774 he left to Bavaria to play the oboe in the orchestra of Count Ernst Kraft von Oettingen-Wallerstein. In 1777 he moved to Munich to serve in the court orchestra of Elector Maximilian Joseph. Here he married Josefina Procházková, a daughter of his colleague from the orchestra, horn player Matyáš Procházka. That year in Munich, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart befriended Fiala and was greatly impressed by his compositions. After the death of the Elector in 1778 Mozart helped him secure a position in Salzburg.
From 1778 to 1785 Fiala lived in Mozart's birth house at Getreidegasse no.9 in Salzburg. He was an oboist for archbishop Hieronymus von Colloredo's orchestra and played violin and violoncello in Salzburg State Theatre. In 1785 Fiala moved to Vienna, where he served as a horn player for Nikolaus II, Prince Esterházy, and in 1786 to Saint Petersburg where he worked in the court of Catherine the Great. After his return from Russia, he toured over Europe playing his own compositions. In 1790 he played viola da gamba for King Friedrich Wilhelm II. Finally in 1792 he became Kapellmeister, cellist and composer for Joseph Maria, Prince of Fürstenberg in Donaueschingen, where he spent the rest of his life.

## Works
### Concertos

* Concerto for Violin, Oboe, Viola and Violoncello
* Concerto for 2 Oboes
* Concerto for English Horn and Clarinet in B flat Major
* Concerto for 2 French Horns in E-flat major
* Concerto for Violoncello in G major
* Concerto for Flute in D major
* Concerto for Oboe in B-flat major
* Concerto for English Horn E-flat major
* Concerto for English Horn and Orchestra in C major
* Concerto for Bassoon in C major
* Concerto for Trumpet in G minor

### Chamber music

* 30 works pro 5–10 wind instruments
* 24 quartets
* 10 trios
* 7 pieces for violin and violoncello
* 3 pieces for violoncello and contrabass
* 1 piece for 2 flutes
* 2 pieces for flute or oboe and bassoon
* 2 pieces for oboe and violin
* 2 pieces for oboe and viola

### Other

* 10 symphonies
* Rondo for harpsichord and violin
* 2 sonatas for harpsichord
* 12 German Dances for Harpsichord
* Masses
* Ave Maria

## Legacy

During Fiala's tenure in the court of Friedrich Wilhelm II, the king honored Josef by giving him his own family crest.
# Dunajovice

Dunajovice is a municipality and village in Jindřichův Hradec District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
# Duodenojejunal flexure

The duodenojejunal flexure or duodenojejunal junction, also known as the angle of Treitz, is the border between the duodenum and the jejunum.

## Structure

The ascending portion of the duodenum ascends on the left side of the aorta, as far as the level of the upper border of the second lumbar vertebra. At this point, it turns abruptly forward to merge with the jejunum, forming the duodenojejunal flexure. This forms the beginning of the jejunum. The duodenojejunal flexure is surrounded by the suspensory muscle of the duodenum.$^{:274}$ It is retroperitoneal, so is less mobile than the jejunum that comes after it, helping to stabilise the jejunum.
The duodenojejunal flexure lies in front of the left psoas major muscle, the left renal artery, and the left renal vein. It is covered in front, and partly at the sides, by peritoneum continuous with the left portion of the mesentery.

## Clinical significance

The ligament of Treitz, a peritoneal fold, from the right crus of diaphragm, is an identification point for the duodenojejunal flexure during abdominal surgery.$^{:85}$

## Additional images

* Duodenojejunal fossa.
* Front of abdomen, showing surface markings for duodenum, pancreas, and kidneys.
# Josef Meier

Josef Meier (also P. Jos. Meier, Paul Jos. Meier, Joseph Meier, Paul Joseph Meier, Paul Josef Meier) (7 November 1874 – 28 November 1945) was a missionary and ethnologist. He was a member of the Roman Catholic Missionaries of the Sacred Heart order. He worked in the Bismarck Archipelago with the peoples of the Gazelle Peninsula on New Britain Island in Papua New Guinea.

## Life

Meier recorded myths and stories of the peoples of the Gazelle peninsula in the local Tolai language, and then translated them into German. In this work Meier employed an early version of the interlinear gloss. His work describing the myths and legends of the Admiralty Islanders of the Bismarck Archipelago was one of the earliest collections describing the mythology of a Melanesian tribe.
# Joseph L. Gormley

Joseph Leo Gormley (May 22, 1914 – June 6, 2004) was the chief of chemistry and toxicology for the FBI.
Born in Clinton, Massachusetts, he was raised in Somerville, Massachusetts. Gormley received his bachelor's and master's degrees in chemistry from Boston College. With his wife Frances he fathered and raised nine children.
In 1940, he moved to Washington, D.C., and joined the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Gormley earned two law degrees from Georgetown University and a master's degree in forensic science from George Washington University.
He spent more than thirty three years with the FBI, investigating some of the agency's most famous cases, including the Great Brinks Robbery in 1950 and the 1964 murders of three young civil rights workers, which became known as the "Mississippi Burning" case. He served as an expert witness in numerous trials, testifying on his knowledge of chemistry, toxicology and arson. For more than 20 years, Gormley supervised a program that developed the use of lie detector tests for investigative purposes.
He retired from the FBI in 1973, and moved temporarily to Maine to direct the Maine State Police Crime Laboratory. After returning to the Washington, D.C., area he worked in the research and training divisions of the International Association of Chiefs of Police. In addition to his work at the IACP, Gormley worked as a consultant for law enforcement matters in his later years. The former president of the Mid-Atlantic Association of Forensic Scientists, Gormley also taught at George Washington University and the University of Maryland College Park. He is remembered as one of the fathers of modern forensic science.
# Dūdmaišis

Dūdmaišis or Labonoro dūda is a Lithuanian bagpipe with a single chanter and drone. The Lithuanian bagpipe was traditionally played at a variety of events, including May Day festivities, and spring caroling. A 1955 publication by the Lituanus Foundation noted that: "The Labanoro Dūda or Bagpipe was at one time very widely used, though it is almost forgotten."
Dūdmaišis are made of sheep, ox, goat or dogskin or of sheep’s stomach. A blowing tube is attached to the top. On one side of the bag is a pipe with fingerholes, on the other side are one or two drone pipes without fingerholes, which play at a single tone. The mouthpieces of the pipes, which have reeds made of goose quill or cane, are usually inside the bag. On the outside end are attached bent horn-shaped tips made of apple or pine wood. The bagpipes are mentioned in written sources beginning in the 16th century. It was known throughout the territory of Lithuania, but by the middle of the 20th century, it survived only near the eastern borders of Lithuania. It was played at celebrations, weddings, taverns, and markets. The bagpipes were often accompanied by fiddles, clarinets, cimbalom, basetle and drums.

## Players

* Lygaudė, traditional folk group
* Ugniavijas, traditional men's folk band
* Atalyja, Lithuanian folk-rock band
# Josef Vrana

Josef Vrana (17 October 1905, in Stříbrnice – 30 November 1987, in Olomouc) was the administrator of the archbishopric of Olomouc, as well as titular bishop of Octabia.

## Life

After the death of the interned archbishop of Olomouc, Josef Karel Matocha In 1961, the Czechoslovakian authorities refused to accept a new bishop candidate (František Vaňák) proposed by the Holy See. Finally, Josef Vrana, who was a member of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, was appointed an administrator on 19 February 1973.
The position of Vrana was controversially discussed. In order to avoid worse controversy, the Vatican accepted his appointment and appointed him at the same time to the titular bishop of Octabia. Nevertheless, the Church had no confidence in him, and avoided mentioning him as a "bishop of Olomouc," as the state authorities have demanded.
In the episcopal conference of which he was a member, Vrana was supposed to push through the state's requirements and expectations. Nevertheless, he has also endeavored to fulfill his duties as a bishop. Neither his bishop's colleague nor the faithful who saw him as a traitor trusted him. On the part of the state authorities he was awarded an award, but at the same time he was also mistrusted, For example, his office and his telephone calls were monitored.
Vrana was buried in the Fürstenbergkapelle of Saint Wenceslas Cathedral, where an epitaph records him.
# Dwyer, Wyoming

Dwyer is an unincorporated community in Platte County, Wyoming, United States.
# Durham Miners Heritage Centre

54°46′20″N 1°35′40″W﻿ / ﻿54.7721°N 1.5945°W﻿ / 54.7721; -1.5945
The Durham Miners Heritage Centre was a museum, now closed, run by the Durham Miners Heritage Group at Neville's Cross, Durham, England. It had a display of coal mining memorabilia and an exhibition of art.
One of the main reasons for the display was to educate the next generation of children about the mining past of County Durham and to give opportunities to research coal mining history, especially local school groups in the area and visitors to the city.
The displays included mining pit lamps such as the famous Davy lamp, tools used in the mining trade and a selection of art by former miners. A computer facility showed photographs and there was also a section of books on mining.
# Durham North

Durham North may refer to:
* Durham North (Ontario provincial electoral district)
* Durham North (UK Parliament constituency)
* Durham, North Carolina
* Durham—Northumberland, Ontario
# E. Mavis Hetherington

E. Mavis Hetherington (November 27, 1926 – July 21, 2023) was a Canadian psychology professor at the University of Virginia. She was a leading researcher on the impacts of divorce, family as units, and child development. She published more than 200 articles and edited 13 books. Hetherington also introduced a new method of analyzing observational research.

## Early life and education

E. Mavis Hetherington was born in British Columbia on November 27, 1926. She earned a B.A. degree in English and psychology in 1947, and a year later earned her M.A. in psychology at the University of British Columbia. After receiving her master's degree, she entered the graduate program at the University of California, Berkeley where she earned her Ph.D. in clinical and developmental psychology in 1958. At Berkeley, Hetherington studied under Leo Postman, who influenced her to become involved in research instead of becoming a practitioner.

## Marriage and career

Hetherington met her husband, John Hetherington, while working on her Ph.D. She started her academic career at Rutgers University-Newark. In 1960, Hetherington and her husband obtained positions at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. While teaching in Wisconsin, Hetherington experienced discrimination by being paid less than the men in the department while out-publishing them and being one of the most popular professors. During her career she published more than 200 research articles and edited 13 books. Hetherington's many awards include the Distinguished Teaching in Developmental Psychology Award from the American Psychological Association, the G. Stanley Hall Distinguished Scientist Award from Division 7 (Developmental Psychology) of the American Psychological Association, and the Society for Research on Adolescence Distinguished Scientist Award.

## Major contributions
### Virginia Longitudinal Study of Divorce and Remarriage.

In 1972, Hetherington and colleagues started the 20-year Longitudinal Study of Divorce and Remarriage. Hetherington followed 450 families who had children that were four years old and lived in Virginia. Today, some of those children are adults and have also been divorced or remarried. This has allowed Hetherington to study the effects of divorce and remarriage through generations. Numerous follow up studies have also been completed from this data. Findings have caused controversy and a new perspective on divorce, remarriage, and families. Hetherington and colleagues found that divorce is devastating but not as devastating as most theorists have concluded. She also discovered that divorce can't be looked at as a single event but must be viewed as a process of transitions and perspectives from the entire family. Hetherington concluded that social interactions of the family will affect the outcomes of divorce and remarriage and variations of outcomes must be acknowledged.

### Later life and death

Because of her husband's illness, Hetherington retired in 1999 after 29 years at the University of Virginia, but her research continued through the students she mentored.
E. Mavis Hetherington died on July 21, 2023, at the age of 96.
# Dâmbovnic

The Dâmbovnic is a right tributary of the river Neajlov in Romania. It discharges into the Neajlov in Obedeni. Its length is 110 km (68 mi) and its basin size is 639 km$^2$ (247 sq mi).

## Geography

The river flows through four different counties: Argeș, Dâmbovița, Teleorman and Giurgiu. It flows from North-West to South-East and forms near the high plains of Pitești, where it receives residual water from Arpechim. Then, it passes through the Găvanu-Burdea Plain and finally ends into the Neajlov River, near Clejani. It is a permanent river. It flows through the villages Bradu, Suseni, Pădureni, Gălășești, Rociu, Bârlogu, Negrași, Mozăceni, Slobozia, Șelaru, Vătași, Drăghinești, Gratia, Cartojani, Sadina, Roata de Jos, Mârșa and Uiești.

### Protected areas

At the confluence with the river Mozacu, is a small reservation, Negrași Daffodil Meadow.

## Human impact on the river

The only part of the valley that is not affected by human activities is the upper part, above the Dâmbovnic Lake. At this part, the river can dry up in summer.
The only lake is the Dâmbovnic Lake, situated at the place where the residual water from Arpechim flows into the river through a 5.8 km long canal. The lake is very important and is used as a cleaning station for the toxic wastes. Work is done in order to remove the toxic sediments in the lake and to improve the natural and artificial filters. Downstream, the river is drained.

### Pollution

In the past, the water was very polluted. This affects the river itself, underground water and local villages. The main source of pollution was the Arpechim Refinery, which was closed in 2011. Record fines were given in 2007. However, there are other sources of pollution, like petrol, when oil pipes are broken by thieves. In the lower part of the valley, pollution may accidentally come from local villagers who wash their cars and animals in the river or take construction materials from the riverbed.
However, recent studies show that the ecosystems are not endangered. Fish exist again and there are many plants near and in the water.
The underground water is severely polluted. As a result, water from local fountains is not drinkable. Especially in the villages that are upstream, people drink water from local public sources. In Rociu, water is pumped from 150 to 200 meters deep.
# 1203 in Ireland

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events from the year 1203 in Ireland.

## Incumbent

* Lord: John

## Events

* The House of Burke is founded during the Norman conquest
* William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke founded Tintern Abbey (County Wexford)

## Deaths

vteYears in Ireland (1101–present) :
* This year in Ireland article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Joseph R. Parrott

Joseph Robinson Parrott (October 30, 1858 – October 13, 1913) was President of the Florida East Coast Railway. He died in Maine on October 13, 1913. He graduated from Yale University in 1883, where he was a member of Skull and Bones.$^{:162}$ He was a close associate of Henry Flagler. A car ferry was named for him.
# Josy Van Leberghe

Josy Van Leberghe was a Belgian figure skater. She competed with Robert Van Zeebroeck in the mixed pairs event at the 1928 Winter Olympics where they finished in sixth place.
# EHA

Eha or EHA may refer to:

## Education

* East Haven Academy, in Connecticut
* East Holmes Academy, a closed segregation academy in West, Mississippi
* Economic History Association, an American academic research society
* Education for All Handicapped Children Act, of the United States Congress
* Epstein Hebrew Academy, in Olivette, Missouri

## People

* Eha (given name), an Estonian feminine given name
* Edward Hamilton Aitken (1851–1909), British naturalist and humorist
* Franz Eha (1907–1974), Swiss long distance runner

## Health

* European Hematology Association, a professional organisation
* EcoHealth Alliance A NGO for protecting health from infectious diseases

## Other uses

* East Hampton Aire, a defunct US airline
* Egg hatch assay
* Eha Railway, in China
* Electro-hydraulic actuator
* Elkhart–Morton County Airport, in Kansas, United States
* Engineering Heritage Awards
* England Handball Association
* English Hockey Association, now England Hockey
* Environmental Health Australia, a professional organisation
* Estonian Handball Association
* Ethernet Hardware Address
# 12 Tonadillas en estilo antiguo

12 Tonadillas en estilo antiguo, H. 136, is a collection of 12 songs by Spanish composer Enrique Granados with texts by Fernando Periquet[es]. Together with Canciones amatorias [ca] they are considered to be the most important vocal works by Granados.

## Composition and publication history

The original title of the composition is Collección de tonadillas escritas en estilo antiguo. The songs were first published in 1912-1913 and 1915 by Casa Dotesio (its name being changed in 1913 to Unión musical Española). When the collection was finished, the order of the songs was rearranged. Hence, there are two numbering systems.
| Orig. | Later | Title | Text incipit | Key | Tempo indication | Dedicatee | year | Notes |
| 9 | 1 | Amor y odio: Tonadilla | Pensé que yo sabría | G minor | Allegretto | Maria Barrientos | 1913 | |
| 10 | 2 | Callejeo: Tonadilla | Dos horas ha que callejeo | A major | Allegro risoluto | Maria Barrientos | 1913 | |
| 2 | 3 | El majo discreto: Tonadilla | Dicen que mi majo es feo | A major | Allegretto | – | 1912 | |
| 12 | 4 | El majo olvidado: Tonada o canción | Cuando recuerdes los días | F minor | Andantino | Emilio de Gogorza | 1915 | |
| 4 | 5 | El majo tímido: Tonadilla | Llega a mi reja | B♭ major | Allegro | – | 1912 | |
| 8 | 6 | El mirar de la maja: Tonadilla | ¿Por qué es en mis ojos...? | A♭ minor | Allegro | Maria Barrientos | 1913 | Notated with no key signature |
| 3 | 7 | El tra-la-la y el punteado: Tonadilla | Es en balde, majo mio | A major | Allegro | – | 1912 | |
| 1 | 8 | La maja de Goya: Tonadilla | De Goya sabréis, sin duda – Yo no olvidaré en mi vida | A major | Allegretto comodo – Andantino quasi allegretto | – | 1912 | Consists of two parts: in the first a long text is spoken with piano accompaniment, the second is the song proper |
| 5 | 9 | La maja dolorosa: 3 Tonadillas: N. 1 | ¡Oh muerte cruel! | F minor | Andantino dramático | – | 1912 | With English horn ad libitum |
| 6 | 10 | La maja dolorosa: 3 Tonadillas: N. 2 | ¡Ay majo de mi vida! | A minor | Andantino con dolore | – | 1912 | |
| 7 | 11 | La maja dolorosa: 3 Tonadillas: N. 3 | De aquel majo amante | B minor | Andantino | – | 1912 | |
| 11 | 12 | Las currutacas modestas: Tonadilla | Decid qué damiselas | A♭ major | Quasi andantino | – | 1913 | For 2 voices |
# 12 String Guitar!

12 String Guitar! is an instrumental folk album released by the Folkswingers in 1963. The Folkswingers were a studio band with constantly changing personnel. On this album, they consist of Glen Campbell on 12-string guitar and the Dillards.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |

## Personnel

* Doug Dillard – banjo
* Rodney Dillard – guitar
* Dean Webb – bass
* Glen Campbell – 12-string guitar

## Production

* Producer – Jim Dickson

## Charts

| Chart | Entry date | Peak position | No. of weeks |
| Billboard 200 | 1963 | 132 | ? |
# 101 Central Park West

101 Central Park West is a residential building on Central Park West, between 70th and 71st Streets, on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. The apartment building was constructed in 1929 in the Neo-Renaissance style by architects Simon Schwartz & Arthur Gross. It is next to The Majestic between 71st and 72nd Streets and Congregation Shearith Israel on 70th Street. The building is divided into three blocks which all consist of two elevator banks. Past and present residents of the building include Harrison Ford, Rick Moranis, Georgina Bloomberg, Noah Emmerich, Meyer Davis, and Rabbi Norman Lamm, the former chancellor of Yeshiva University.
It was one of several buildings on Central Park West that were built for Jews who were not welcomed in Manhattan's East Side luxury buildings.
# EX3

EX3 or EX-3 may refer to:

## Arts, media, and entertainment

* EX-3, a Spanish mákina band
* The Expendables 3, a 2014 American action film
* Street Fighter EX3, a 2000 head-to-head fighting game

## Automobiles

* Beijing EX3, a 2018–present Chinese subcompact electric crossover
* Geometry EX3, a 2021–present Chinese subcompact electric crossover
* Kandi EX3, a 2017–present Chinese subcompact electric crossover
* Peugeot EX3, a 1912–1914 French race car
* Toyota EX-III, a 1969 Japanese concept car

## Other uses

* EX3, a postcode district in the EX postcode area in England
# ESAD de Reims

The École Supérieure d'Art et de Design de Reims is a college of art and design in Reims, France.

## History

The school of fine arts was founded in 1748 by Reims local government. Its founder, Louis-Jean Lévesque de Pouilly, sought to attract artists, architects and craftsmen from France and neighbouring countries.
In 1992, the French Minister of Culture and the town of Reims declared the school a college of fine arts and design. The college manager, Gervais Jassaud, recruited practicing designers as teaching staff.
The school offers courses in graphic, multimedia, product and furniture design, as well as studies in fine art. ESAD offers both bachelor's and master's degrees.
ESAD has approximately 200 students and 40 permanent teaching staff, as well as visiting artists and lecturers.

## Location

The school is located in Reims town centre, near Notre Dame Cathedral.

## Logo

The college logo was designed by Jean-Charles Amey in 2006. The logo was inspired by simple geometric form. Its derivation into a typeface and layout structure refers to a process of translating two dimensions into volume.

## International programmes

ESAD participates in Erasmus university exchange programmes, allowing students and staff to work at partner institutions including:
* HBKSaar, Saarbrücken, Germany;
* George Enescu University of Arts of Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania;
* Ecole Supérieure d’Art Visuel de La Cambre, Brussels, Belgium;
* Danmarks Designskole, Copenhagen, Denmark;
* Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey;
* Technical Educational Institute of Athens, Athens, Greece;
* EASD Valencia, Valencia, Spain;
* Escola Superior de Disseny, Barcelona, Spain;
* VUT Brno, Brno, Czech Republic;
* ISIA Faenza, Faenza, Italy.