OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Robert Rector (artist)

Robert Rector (born 1946) is an American Postwar and contemporary painter.
His work can be found in collections in the United States, Japan, Europe and corporate collections, such as FedEx Field in Washington, DC and the U.S. embassy in Albania. His work has been shown at the Brooks Museum and other museums and galleries.

## Early life

Rector was born in Pascagoula, Mississippi and grew up in the neighboring town of Ocean Springs.

## Education

Rector graduated from Ocean Springs High School in 1964. He attended Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, where he received his BFA in 1971 and his MFA in 1973.
He was an associate professor of art at Northwestern State University in Natchitoches, Louisiana. In 1981, Rector left teaching and began painting full-time. His work has been shown art galleries in the Southern region and museums in the U.S.

## Career

Rector creates abstract art that is influenced by color field painting, abstract expressionism,minimalism and the tension between the latter two. The Mississippi Encyclopedia states "His reconciliation of these approaches has produced complex abstractions concerned with the balance between intuition and intellect."
He has exhibited in solo and group exhibitions across the United States, including a recent retrospective at the Shaw Center for the Arts, Baton Rouge; the Ogden Museum of Art, New Orleans; The Hunter Museum of Art, Chattanooga; and Gremillion & Company, Houston and Austin.
His work has been described as an exploration of the "relationship between the natural environment and human experience" through the use of experimental, sculptural surface treatments. The compositions of his paintings reference architectural drawing. Rector works in the deep woods of Louisiana and makes trips to the beach and the Colorado Rockies. His paint-handling involves saturated, prismatic layers of paint that convey an atmospheric quality. Edward Pramuk called Rector "a visual poet." Others, including Patti Carr Black, have written that his paintings are "exquisite statements of color, surface, and gestural form" that is centered on landscape as form, color and light.

## Collections

His work is in numerous collections including Apple, Credit Suisse, Compaq, IBM, Louisiana State Collection, Old State Capitol Museum, Saks Fifth Avenue, Tokai Bank, and the University of Texas at Austin, among others.
His work is held in the permanent collection of the Memphis Brooks Museum of Art Ogden Museum of Southern Art, and the Louisiana State University Museum of Art and the Mississippi Museum of Art.
# Sky (hieroglyph)

Sky (heaven) in hieroglyphs :
The ancient Egyptian Sky hieroglyph, (also translated as heaven in some texts, or iconography), is Gardiner sign listed no. N1, within the Gardiner signs for sky, earth, and water.
The Sky hieroglyph is used like an Egyptian language biliteral-(but is not listed there) and an ideogram in pt, "sky"; it is a determinative in other synonyms of sky. For the language value hrt, it has the phonetic value hry.

## Pt, with Gods and the Pharaoh

The Sky hieroglyph can be found in iconography with the gods, especially Ra as referencing the Lord of P(e)t, (Lord of Heaven), and the God's ownership of Pet. The Pharaoh is often equally named as the Lord of Pet.
Some ancient Egyptian names using the sky hieroglyph are Petosiris and the god Petbe.

## Ligatured variants of Sky

The simple 'vault' of the sky hieroglyph has variants that are ligatured with it. Three of these are given separate entries in Gardiner's sign list:

## Why the sky hieroglyph is not a biliteral

Though the sky hieroglyph is used as pt, in the Coptic alphabet, for the Coptic language, (the follow-on to the Egyptian hieroglyphs), the spelling of the "sky" is "pe" in Coptic. Consequently, Budge's 2-volume dictionary lists the sky hieroglyph under "pe-t"
| Preceded by Stool-or-mat (hieroglyph) unileral-P (start of P's) | sky-("heaven") "pt" | Succeeded by Bird in flight p3-(pa) |
* Relief
* Pyramidion
* Temple of Hatshepsut
* Hieroglyph-(using Sky hieroglyph)
# Johnny Fourie

Jan Carel Fourie (1937 – 2007) was a South African jazz guitarist born in Postmas in the Northern Cape province.

## Biography

Growing up in the town of Benoni in the Gauteng province of South Africa, his first passion for music came while watching cowboy movies and Fourie wanted to imitate the sound of the musicians. After hearing the George Shearing Quintet in 1949, he focused on jazz music.
At the age of 15, he left his parents' house in order to pursue his career in jazz guitar playing. His first gigs were with Boeremusiek (traditional South African Afrikaans music) bands, and he quickly gained recognition as a great guitarist in the Johannesburg music scene of the 1950s.
In 1961, Fourie took a boat to London. In the first two weeks, his money ran out and his wife was becoming desperate. Fourie then got his first gig playing with an Eastern European violinist at the Blue Boar Inn. He described the situation: "What I saw in Soho forced me to leave in November on a boat destined for London with my wife and baby and about two hundred Rand".
A short while after this, Fourie auditioned for the Ray Ellington Quartet of The Goon Show fame, and worked in London with Ellington, Tubby Hayes and Roger Webb. Following the end of apartheid, he became a professor of jazz at the Technikon University in Pretoria, and told his students about the Ellington audition: "This was the biggest test of my life. It was a make or break period. I could not read the notes and initially I was turned down, but when they heard me play they told me that they would like me to perform. I was very exhilarated, but had no ability to read music. I had two weeks to memorize four years of work. It was the moment of truth and I passed!"
After this, Fourie become the resident guitarist for the esteemed jazz club, Ronnie Scott's. Here, he was exposed to Bill Evans, Jim Hall, René Thomas, Freddie Hubbard, Stan Getz, Roland Kirk and Sonny Rollins, among others.
After London, he returned to South Africa to go and practice the new style of jazz fusion, which began its growth during the 1970s. After this, he briefly settled in New York, where he worked with John McLaughlin, the famous British jazz/fusion guitarist.
He then taught students the guitar in South Africa for the remainder of his career. Fourie formed a band with friends Johnny Boshoff and Hennie Becker and played covers of John Mclaughlin's Mahavishnu Orchestra at The Branch Office club in Johannesburg. McLaughlin said of him: "Johnny Fourie is one of the greatest guitar players of our époque."
# Dramandougou

Dramandougou is a town in the Tiéfora Department of Comoé Province in south-western Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 1,217.
# Jones House (Gibsland, Louisiana)

The Jones House, also known as Smith House, is a historical house located on Louisiana Highway 154 about 100 yards (91 m) north of its junction with Louisiana Highway 517. It was built in about 1840 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
It was built as log dog trot house and was modified in about 1870. In 1980 the current building was a five-bay central hall plan house. It was deemed "a typical example of the simplest version of the Greek Revival when it was applied to residences in Louisiana." It was the home of Louisiana state senator John P. Jones from about 1900 to about 1930.
# Joko Sidik

Joko Sidik Fitrayono (born May 20, 1988 in Samarinda) is an Indonesian footballer who plays as a defender.
# Jook Walraven

Joannes Theodorus Maria (Jook) Walraven (born August 20, 1947, Amsterdam) is a Dutch experimental physicist at the Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute for experimental physics at the University of Amsterdam. From 1967 he studied physics at the University of Amsterdam. Both his doctoral research and PhD research was with Isaac Silvera, on the subject of Bose-Einstein Condensation. Because of the difficulty of his research subject, his promotion took six years instead of four. The aim of his PhD research was to make a gas of atomic hydrogen, which could become the world's first quantum gas. This might then be a suitable candidate for a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC).
In order to achieve this state, the gas of atomic hydrogen would have to be cooled to only a few Kelvin, without recombining to molecular hydrogen. Jook Walraven developed a method of evaporative cooling: a tank was filled with a gas of atomic hydrogen, from which the 'hottest' (fastest) atoms were removed. This resulted in a lower temperature of the whole gas. To keep the atomic hydrogen from forming hydrogen molecules, the atoms were spin-polarized by a 7 tesla magnet.
In a few years, Silvera and Walraven had achieved the first quantum-gas. However, due to interactions with the wall of the tank, the gas did not cool enough to reach the critical temperature at which it condenses into a BEC. In the meantime, several other groups had started to do research on the subject, some of which were actually doing research in laser science. Two of these groups managed to achieve the first BEC in 1995 by using evaporative cooling in combination with laser cooling.
In 1996 Jook Walraven was offered the position of director at AMOLF, which he accepted. He decided to change fields to laser science, and achieved his first BEC a few years later.
In November 2005, Jook Walraven was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society (APS), "for pioneering experimental and theoretical contributions to the physics of quantum gases".
# Družetići

Družetići is a village in the municipality of Gornji Milanovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 703 people.
# Dumitru Seul

Dumitru Seul (born 31 March 1987) is a Moldovan football midfielder who plays for FC Veris.

## Club statistics

* Total matches played in Moldavian First League: 42 matches - 1 goal
# Jonny Hurst

Jonny Hurst (born 11 June 1966), originally from Solihull, Birmingham, latterly Wanstead, north London, is England's first (and to date only) Chant Laureate.
Barclaycard set up the competition to choose a Chant Laureate, who would be paid £10,000 to tour Premiership stadiums and compose football chants for the 2004–5 football season. The judging panel was chaired by the Poet Laureate, Andrew Motion, who said "What we felt we were tapping into was a huge reservoir of folk poetry." Ironically, Hurst, a Birmingham City fan, composed the winning entry about Birmingham's local rivals Aston Villa. The chant, sung to the tune of Barry Manilow's Copacabana, refers to that club's star player, Juan Pablo Ángel. Some 1,500 people applied for the role.
A veteran of the Edinburgh Festival Fringe and the Canal Cafe Theatre NewsRevue, Jonny Hurst is both a comedy writer and a lawyer.
He published his first book, 'Becoming a Lawyer', in July 2013.
# Jonathan Nelson

Jonathan Nelson may refer to:
* Jonathan Nelson (American football) (born 1988), American football safety
* Jonathan Nelson (singer), American gospel singer-songwriter
* Jonathan Nelson, American founder of Organic, Inc.
* Jonathan M. Nelson (born 1956), founder of Providence Equity Partners
# Durham Cassiodorus

The Durham Cassiodorus (Durham, Cathedral Library, MS B. II. 30) is an 8th-century illuminated manuscript containing an abbreviation of Cassiodorus's Explanation of the Psalms. The manuscript was produced in Northumbria in about 730, and remains in the north-east of England in the library of Durham Cathedral.
The original text from Cassiodorus was heavily edited, leaving barely any original text written by him.
The codex has 261 surviving folios. It is the earliest known copy of the commentary written by Cassiodorus in the sixth century and the hands of six scribes have been identified within it.

## Illustrations

The manuscript contains two surviving miniatures of King David, one of David as Victor (right) and an early example of David as a Musician. A third miniature is known to have existed, probably prefacing the text, but does not survive.
# Dubford, Aberdeen

Dubford is a housing estate of approximately 550 homes, north of Denmore within the Bridge of Don suburb in the north of Aberdeen, Scotland.
Dubford takes its name from the farmstead on which it was built. Aberdeen City Council commissioned an outline plan for its development, published as the Dubford Development Framework, in January 2012. The Aberdeen Local Development Plan 2017 specifies that 550 homes were extant in Dubford by 2016. Scotia Homes advertises the estate as one of its developments.
# Duke Gustav Wilhelm of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

Duke Gustav Wilhelm of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (31 January 1781 – 10 January 1851) was a member of the German grand ducal house of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

## Military career

Gustav Wilhelm was born in Ludwigslust on 31 January 1781, the second surviving son of Frederick Francis, Hereditary Prince of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, later Grand Duke, and Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg.
In 1807, the ducal family went into exile in Altona during the Napoleonic Wars. Gustav Wilhelm served as a ryttmästare in the Swedish Army and a major in the Prussian Army. He was on his Grand Tour in Naples in 1813 when the German campaign of 1813 broke out and subsequently returned to Ludwigslust to take up the rank of major in the Mecklenburger volunteer regiment. He was wounded at the Battle of Sehested and lost two fingers. He was captured by Denmark but exchanged a few hours later.

## Later life

After the war, Gustav Wilhelm settled in Italy before returning to Mecklenburg in 1827. In 1830, he commissioned the architect Friedrich Georg Erich Groß to build Villa Gustava, a residence in Ludwigslust completed in 1832.
Gustav Wilhelm was a talented musician and sang and played guitar at court concerts at Ludwigslust Palace. Composer Louis Massonneau dedicated his "Six Trios" to him. He was a domherr (canon) in Magdeburg.
In 1848, Gustav Wilhelm was made a godfather of Princess Louise, fourth daughter of Queen Victoria. He died on 10 January 1851 in Ludwigslust at the age of 69. His great-nephew, Grand Duke Frederick Francis II, declared national mourning. He was interred in the Louisen-Mausoleum in the schlosspark of Ludwigslust Palace.

## Legacy

He never married. Karl Heinrich Ulrichs mentions him as homosexual.
Villa Gustava continued to be occupied by members of the grand ducal family, including Duke William and Duchess Paul Frederick, until 1923. Today it has fallen into ruin.

## Honours

* Mecklenburg-Schwerin:
** Military Merit Medal for 1813–1815
** Mecklenburg Campaign Medal
* Kingdom of Prussia:
** Grand Cross of the Order of the Red Eagle
** Royal Prussian Order of Saint John
* Sweden: Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword
* The Netherlands: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Netherlands Lion
* Kingdom of Hanover: Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order
* Russian Empire: Knight, 4th Class, of the Order of St George
* Denmark: Knight of the Order of the Elephant, 14 July 1841
# Duncan Odom

Duncan T. Odom is a research division head at the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) in Heidelberg, and a University Professor at Heidelberg University. Previously he was a research group leader at the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute (CRUK CI) at the University of Cambridge (2006-2022) and an associate faculty member at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (2011-2018).

## Education

Odom was educated at the New College of Florida where he was awarded a Bachelor of Arts degree in Chemistry in 1995. He continued his study at California Institute of Technology (Caltech) where he was awarded a PhD in chemistry for research on DNA-binding metallo-intercalators supervised by Jacqueline Barton.

## Career and research

After a period as a postdoctoral researcher in genetics and genomics at the Whitehead Institute in Cambridge, Massachusetts with Richard A. Young, he established his research group at the University of Cambridge in 2006. His research investigates how transcription and transcriptional regulation vary during evolution, and its implications for diseases such as cancer, using high throughput biology methods to investigate genome evolution. As of 2017, according to Google Scholar his most highly-cited papers have been published in Cell, Chemical Reviews, and Science.
His research has been funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the European Research Council (ERC), the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO), the Wellcome Trust and Cancer Research UK. His former doctoral students include Christina Ernst.

### Awards and honours

Odom was awarded the Crick Lecture by the Royal Society in 2014 for his "pioneering work in the field of comparative functional genomics, which has changed our understanding of the evolution of mammalian transcriptional regulation." He was awarded EMBO Membership in 2015, and the Mary F. Lyon Medal from The Genetics Society in 2016.
# Dusky-tailed flatbill

The dusky-tailed flatbill (Ramphotrigon fuscicauda) is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
# Jordan Academy of Music

Jordan Academy of Music is a private university located in Amman, Jordan. Established in 1989, its goal is to develop musical culture in the country.
# Josef Fischer (cyclist)

Josef Fischer (20 January 1865 – 3 March 1953) was a German road bicycle racer. He is best known for winning the first edition of Paris–Roubaix in 1896 and Bordeaux–Paris in 1900.

## Major results
### 1893

    1st, Vienna–Berlin

### 1896

    1st, Paris–Roubaix

### 1899

    2nd, Bordeaux–Paris

### 1900

    1st, Bordeaux–Paris
    2nd, Paris–Roubaix

### 1903

    15th, Tour de France
vte Paris–Roubaix winners :
* This biographical article relating to German cycling is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Jose Theatre

Jos Theatre is the first permanent movie theatre in Kerala. Located in Swaraj Round in Thrissur city, it was built by Kattukkaran Varunny Joseph, the first man to screen the film in Kerala. The movie theatre was earlier known as Jose Electrical Bioscope.
# Joseph Effner

Joseph Effner (February 4, 1687 (baptized) – February 23, 1745) was a German architect and decorator.

## Biography

Effner was born in Dachau as a son of the court gardener Christian Öffner. Effner accompanied the elector of Bavaria Max Emanuel to Bruxelles. In 1706 Effner was retrained by Gabriel Germain Boffrand in Paris. Here he changed his family name to "Effner". In 1717 Effner was sent by the elector to Italy for a study trip. From 1715 to 1726 Effner was then court architect to the elector. Joseph Effner introduced modern French ideas of architecture to the Munich court. After the death of Enrico Zuccalli in 1724 he received even more competences. With the accession to power of Charles Albert in 1726 Effner was replaced by his pupil François de Cuvilliés and then worked in the administration. He died in Munich.

## Training

Effner studied architecture under the famous French architect Germain Boffrand. The latter made a deep impression on Effner's style. It was this training that led to his introducing French designs upon his return to Germany with the Elector.

## Designs

As chief court architect, Effner worked on the Elector's residences in Munich. He made several changes to these buildings. His work on the Nymphenburg Palace is regarded as his best. He increased the palace's size. He also added three pavilions, an octagonal Chinese pagoda, a ruined hermit's cell, and a tiled bathhouse.

## Chief Works

* Upgrading of Dachau Palace (1715–1717)
* Fürstenried Palace in Munich (1715–1717)
* Expansion of the Park and Palace of Nymphenburg and construction of the Pagodenburg teahouse (1716–1719) and the Badenburg bathing house (1718–1721)
* Expansion of Schleissheim Palace (1719–1726)
* Construction of the Reiche Zimmer (Rich Rooms) in the Munich Residence
* Palais Preysing in Munich (1723–1729)
# Joseph Kopp

Joseph Kopp (16 November 1788, in Sommerau – 7 July 1842, in Erlangen) was a German classical philologist.
He attended the lyceum in Munich as a pupil of Christian Friedrich Wilhelm Jacobs, and from 1810 to 1812 studied philology at the University of Heidelberg, where his teachers included August Böckh and Georg Friedrich Creuzer. Afterwards, he worked as schoolteacher in Munich, and in 1819 was named a professor of history and second director of the philological seminar at the lyceum. In 1827 he was appointed professor of philology at the University of Erlangen, where he became a good friend and colleague of orientalist Friedrich Rückert.

## Published works

He was not a prolific author of books, his best known literary effort being an edition of Damascius, titled Damascii philosophi Platonici Quaestiones de primis principiis (1826). In 1831–34 he published a number of reviews on the editions of Aristotelian books, on works of Oriental literature, on the history of philosophy, etc. He was also the author of an unfinished Aristotelian lexicon. In 1888 novelist Fritz Reuter published Friedrich Rückert in Erlangen und Joseph Kopp. Nach Familienpapieren dargestellt zum hundertjährigen Geburtstag des Dichters ("Friedrich Rückert in Erlangen and Joseph Kopp. According to family papers presented to the centennial birthday of the poet").
# Josef Meissner

Josef Meissner (born 21 October 1893) was a Czechoslovak football manager who coached Czechoslovakia in the 1938 FIFA World Cup.
# Jordan, Oregon

Jordan is an unincorporated community in Linn County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It lies along Oregon Route 226, southeast of Stayton and about halfway between Scio and Lyons.
Thomas Creek flows through Jordan. A covered bridge, the Jordan Bridge, built in 1937, was a 90-foot (27 m) Howe truss span that crossed the creek here. Dismantled in 1985, its timbers were moved to Stayton and reassembled in that city's Pioneer Park.
The community was once the site of the Monastery of Our Lady of Jordan.
# Joseph Needham (cricketer)

Joseph Needham (9 January 1862 – 30 August 1889) was an English cricketer who played for Derbyshire in 1883.
Needham was born in Priestcliffe, Derbyshire and in 1881 was working as a farmhand for his uncle George Broom at Taddington.
Needham played a single first-class game for Derbyshire in the 1883 season in May against Lancashire. He is shown as being first in the Derbyshire batting lineup and yet not out for just six runs in the second innings, for a team total score of 118. A possible explanation is that he retired hurt early in the game but returned later for another attempt at bat. He was a right-handed batsman and made 9 runs in his single first-class appearance.
Needham died at Taddington at the age of 27.
# Dzierzkowice

Dzierzkowice may refer to the following places in Poland:
* Dzierżkowice, Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Dzierżkowice, Opole Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Gmina Dzierzkowice, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Dzierzkowice, seat of Gmina Dzierzkowice, divided into several localities:
** Dzierzkowice-Góry, a village in Gmina Dzierzkowice
** Dzierzkowice-Podwody, a village in Gmina Dzierzkowice
** Dzierzkowice-Rynek, a village in Gmina Dzierzkowice
** Dzierzkowice-Wola, a village in Gmina Dzierzkowice
** Dzierzkowice-Zastawie, a village in Gmina Dzierzkowice