OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2012 Aegon Trophy

The 2012 Aegon Trophy was a professional tennis tournament played on grass courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2012 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Nottingham, Great Britain between 4 and 10 June 2012.

## ATP entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| JPN | Go Soeda | 58 | 1 |
| SVK | Lukáš Lacko | 64 | 2 |
| JPN | Tatsuma Ito | 68 | 3 |
| RUS | Dmitry Tursunov | 88 | 4 |
| AUS | Marinko Matosevic | 90 | 5 |
| RUS | Igor Kunitsyn | 101 | 6 |
| CAN | Vasek Pospisil | 102 | 7 |
| EST | Jürgen Zopp | 103 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of May 28, 2012.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Jamie Baker
* Andrew Fitzpatrick
* Oliver Golding
* Josh Goodall
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Robert Kendrick
* Illya Marchenko
* Denis Matsukevich
* Frederik Nielsen

## WTA entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| AUT | Tamira Paszek | 52 | 1 |
| TPE | Hsieh Su-wei | 64 | 2 |
| GBR | Elena Baltacha | 68 | 3 |
| GRE | Eleni Daniilidou | 69 | 4 |
| GEO | Anna Tatishvili | 75 | 5 |
| JPN | Kimiko Date-Krumm | 76 | 6 |
| POL | Urszula Radwańska | 79 | 7 |
| GBR | Anne Keothavong | 81 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of May 28, 2012.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Naomi Broady
* Tara Moore
* Samantha Murray
* Melanie South
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Michelle Larcher de Brito
* Melanie Oudin
* Kristýna Plíšková
* CoCo Vandeweghe

## Champions
### Men's singles

* Benjamin Becker def. Dmitry Tursunov, 4–6, 6–1, 6–4

### Men's doubles

* Treat Conrad Huey / Dominic Inglot def. Jonathan Marray / Frederik Nielsen, 6–4, 6–7$^{(9–11)}$, [10–8]

### Women's singles

* Urszula Radwańska def. CoCo Vandeweghe, 6–1, 4–6, 6–1

### Women's doubles

* Eleni Daniilidou / Casey Dellacqua def. Laura Robson / Heather Watson, 6–4, 6–2
# Karabar

Karabar is a suburb of Queanbeyan, New South Wales. It is at the southern part of the developed area of Queanbeyan—-bordering the suburbs of Queanbeyan East, Jerrabomberra, Googong and Queanbeyan. The eastern border of the suburb is defined by the Queanbeyan River. As well as a shopping centre it contains netball courts, several ovals and public high and primary schools. It is dominated by Mount Jerrabomberra, which overlooks the suburb. At the 2021 census, Karabar had a population of 8,517 people.
The Karabar High School and Distance Education Centre is a state public high school for years 7 to 12, located in Karabar.
The distance education centre serves students who are unable to attend school because of geographic isolation, illness, vocational talent, religious and other reasons, in the southern part of NSW as well as Australians living overseas and students from smaller private and state high schools that are unable to offer specialist subjects such as languages, extension mathematics and software design and development.
The high school provides education for students in academic, vocational and employment streams leading to the award of the NSW Higher School Certificate. A specialist program for gifted and talented students called the Selective Extension Program draws students from throughout the district and the ACT. The Karabar marching band, "The Namadgi Redbacks" tours internationally every two years.
The Primary School, Queanbeyan South is over the fence from Karabar High. Queanbeyan South is a public school for pre-school to year 6.
# Alloclita zelotypa

Alloclita zelotypa is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1918. It is found in Mozambique.
# Hudlin

Hudlin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Reginald Hudlin (born 1961), American writer, film director, and producer
* Warrington Hudlin (born 1952), American film director, producer, and actor
* Willis Hudlin (1906–2002), American baseball player
# Bogdănești

Bogdănești may refer to several places in Romania:
* Bogdănești, Bacău, a commune in Bacău County
* Bogdănești, Suceava, a commune in Suceava County
* Bogdănești, Vaslui, a commune in Vaslui County
* Bogdănești, a village in Mogoș Commune, Alba County
* Bogdănești, a village in Vidra Commune, Alba County
* Bogdănești, a village in Scorțeni Commune, Bacău County
* Bogdănești, a village in Traian Commune, Bacău County
* Bogdănești, a village in Santa Mare Commune, Botoșani County
* Bogdănești, a village in Horlești Commune, Iași County
* Bogdănești, a village in Gornet Commune, Prahova County
* Bogdănești, a village in Fălciu Commune, Vaslui County
* Bogdănești, a village in Bujoreni Commune, Vâlcea County
* Bogdănești, a village in Oteșani Commune, Vâlcea County
* Bogdănești, a village in Tomșani Commune, Vâlcea County
and to:
# Azizlu

Azizlu may refer to:
* Azizlu, Armenia
* Azizlu, Ardabil, Iran
* Azizlu, East Azerbaijan, Iran
* Azizlu, Zanjan, Iran
# 901 Brunsia

901 Brunsia is an S-type asteroid belonging to the Flora family in the Main Belt. Its rotation period is 3.136 hours.
# Trescowthick

Trescowthick is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Donald Trescowthick (1930–2024), Australian businessman
* Norman Trescowthick (1895–1966), Australian flying ace
# Elita (cigarette)

Elita is a Latvian brand of cigarettes that was produced between 1967 and 2009 by the Latvian company "Rīgas Tabakas Fabrika" and later by British American Tobacco. According to the data submitted by the Latvian State Revenue Service, Elita was the most sold brand of filtered cigarettes in Latvia for about twenty years.

## History

Elita cigarettes were launched in 1967. The cigarettes were mostly distributed in Russia, Latvian SSR and Lithuanian SSR. Elita used an American blend of tobacco in their cigarettes. During the Soviet period, the cigarettes were produced in soft packs, but after the restoration of independence of Latvia, packs were produced in hard packages with twenty cigarettes in each pack, and were distributed in cartons consisting of ten packs. There were more than twenty kinds Elitas produced between 1967 and 2009 belonging to the types KS-20-S and KS-20-H. The Trademark for Elita was owned by British American Tobacco.
In 2004, the Elita Light branch brand was discontinued due to restrictions introduced by European Union's directive 2001/37/EU. The packages were modernized with an increased health warning area and changes to inscriptions were made to “Smoking kills” or any other of thirteen variants on the choice of the vendor. An inscription with a volume of tar, nicotine and CO was also added. The package also depicted a barcode and black Der Grüne Punkt.
The brand was mainly sold in the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic and Latvia, but was also sold in Italy, Lithuania and Russia.

## Production

The original production of Elita cigarettes were produced in Rīga, Latvia at a factory located at Miera st. 58. The factory was owned by the state company "Rīgas Tabakas Fabrika", which was founded in 1887. The capacity of the factory was 5.6 billion cigarettes per year. In 1992 Rīgas Tabakas Fabrika was sold to the Latvian-Denmark company House of Prince Latvia. In 1997, the volume of production of Elita was about 24 million packs. Also in 1997, a new variant of the cigarettes was introduced: “Elita Plus”. Starting in 2002, Elita were produced on a new production line using king size (84 mm) tubes. Production at Rīga factory was stopped in 2009 due to a 30% drop in sales and increase of illegal sales.
# Allocnemis eisentrauti

Allocnemis eisentrauti is a species of white-legged damselfly in the family Platycnemididae.
# Borrelia japonica

Borrelia japonica is a spirochete bacterium first isolated from Japanese mammals.
# Htandaw

Htandaw is a village in Banmauk Township, Katha District, in the Sagaing Region of northern-central Burma.
# Bogdan Gheorghiu

Bogdan Gheorghiu is a Romanian politician who has been serving as Minister of Culture in the Cîțu Cabinet, led by Prime Minister Florin Cîțu, as of 23 December 2020. He previously served in this position in the first cabinet and second cabinet led by Ludovic Orban. He is affiliated with the National Liberal Party (PNL).
# Henrique & Juliano

Henrique & Juliano, sometimes written Henrique e Juliano, is a Brazilian sertanejo duo. Their single, "Cuida bem dela", was number 1 for 8 weeks in Brasil Hot 100 Airplay and has been accessed by over 220 million viewers on YouTube.
The brothers are from Palmeirópolis, in the Brazilian state of Tocantins. They have been compared to other male sertaneja duos, Henrique & Diego and Jorge e Mateus.

## Discography
### Albums

* 2011: Vem Curtir com a Gente – Independente – CD
* 2012: Henrique & Juliano - CD
* 2013: Ao Vivo em Palmas - Som Livre – CD/DVD
* 2014: Ao Vivo em Brasília – Som Livre – CD/DVD
* 2016: Novas Histórias - Som Livre – CD/DVD
* 2017: O Céu Explica Tudo - Som Livre – CD/DVD
* 2018: Menos é Mais - Som Livre – CD/DVD
* 2020: Ao Vivo no Ibirapuera - Som Livre – CD/DVD

### Singles

| Year | Title | Top position (BRA) | Album |
| 2011 | "Nasci Pra Te Amar" | — | Vem Curtir com a Gente |
| 2012 | "Vem Novinha" | 58 | Ao Vivo |
| 2012 | "Não Tô Valendo Nada" (with João Neto & Frederico) | 22 | Ao Vivo em Palmas |
| 2013 | "Mistura Louca" (with Os Hawaianos) | 54 | Ao Vivo em Palmas |
| 2013 | "Separa, Namora" | 26 | Ao Vivo em Palmas |
| 2013 | "Tá Namorando e Me Querendo" | 24 | Ao Vivo em Palmas |
| 2014 | "Recaídas" | 15 | Ao Vivo em Palmas |
| 2014 | "Até Você Voltar" | 7 | Ao Vivo em Brasília |
| 2014 | "Cuida Bem Dela" | 1 | Ao Vivo em Brasília |
| 2015 | "Mudando de Assunto" | 2 | Ao Vivo em Brasília |
| 2015 | "Na Hora da Raiva" | 4 | Novas Histórias |
| 2016 | "Como é Que a Gente Fica" | 2 | Novas Histórias |
| 2016 | "A Flor e o Beija-Flor" (part. Marília Mendonça) | 15 | Novas Histórias |
| 2017 | "Vidinha de Balada" | 1 | O Céu Explica Tudo |
| 2017 | "Aquela Pessoa" | 1 | O Céu Explica Tudo |
| 2018 | "Mais Amor e Menos Drama" | 3 | O Céu Explica Tudo |
| 2018 | "Quem Pegou, Pegou" | 1 | Menos é Mais |
| 2019 | "Cidade Vizinha" | 6 | Menos é Mais |
| 2019 | "Liberdade Provisória" | 1 | Ao Vivo no Ibirapuera |

#### Collaborations

| Year | Title | Top position | Album |
| Year | Title | BRA | Album |
| 2014 | "Bonde dos Solteiros" (with Fred & Gustavo) | 21 | Pra Ser Tudo Perfeito |
| 2015 | "Maior Que o Oceano" (with Thiago Brava) | — | Sempre Diferente |
| 2015 | "10 Minutos Longe de Você" (with Victor & Leo) | 1 | Irmãos |
| 2015 | "Acho Que Esqueci de Mim" (with Roberta Miranda) | 72 | Apenas Single |
| 2015 | "Colecionei" (with Zé Ricardo & Thiago) | 21 | Onde Tudo Começou |
| 2015 | "Impasse" (com Marília Mendonça) | — | Marília Mendonça - Ao Vivo |
| 2016 | "Deixa a Gente Quieto" (com João Bosco & Vinícius) | 7 | Céu de São Paulo |
| 2016 | "A Mala é Falsa" (com Felipe Araújo) | 19 | Felipe Araújo 1,2,3 Ao Vivo Em Goiânia |
| 2017 | "Deixa Eu Cantar" (com Eddy Britto & Samuel) | 40 | Apenas Single |
| 2018 | "O Alvo" (com Diego & Victor Hugo) | 15 | Sem Contraindicação - Ao Vivo |
| 2018 | "Teste da Mãozinha" (com Hugo & Guilherme) | 18 | No Pelo em Campo Grande |
# LBOZ

LBOZ is a coefficient used in spectrophotometry to estimate selectivity (amount of overlapping of spectra) in a quantitative manner. It is named after its creators: Lorber, Bergmann, von Oepen, and Zinn.

## Definition

Let $\mathbf {X}$ be a matrix of the spectra (absorbances), where the k rows correspond to the components in mixture and n columns correspond to the sequence of wavelengths. The LBOZ criterion for kth component is calculated from the following formula:
    $\xi _{k}={\frac {1}{\|\mathbf {X} _{k-row}\|\|\mathbf {X} _{k-col}^{+}\|}}$
where $\mathbf {X} ^{+}$ means a pseudoinverse of the matrix and $\|\cdots \|$ means an euclidean length of a vector.

## Properties

The image above show synthetic Gaussian spectra. The LBOZ criteria are: 0.561 for black compound, 0.402 for red compound, 0.899 for green and 0.549 for blue. LBOZ always lie in range <0,1> and has strong mathematical sense – it presents the amount of spectral signal which is not overlapped by the others. Hence, the uncertainty of a compound quantity increases by $1/\xi$ in presence of the other compounds. In this case, the highest uncertainty is expected during determination of red compound – theoretically 2.38 times greater than during determination of its compound alone.
# 9020

9020 may refer to:

## In general

* 9020 BCE, a year in the 10th millennium BC
* 9020 CE, a year in the 10th millennium
* 9020, a number in the 9000 (number) range

## Places

* 9020 Eucryphia, an asteroid in the Asteroid Belt, the 9020th asteroid registered
* Vermont Route 9020. a state highway
* Telephone exchange 9020, a local exchange in New Zealand; see List of dialling codes in New Zealand

## Products

* CP Class 9020, a diesel locomotive train class
* HP 9020, a computer workstation in the HP 9000 series
* IBM 9020, a mainframe computer model used for air traffic control
* John Deere 9020, a tractor series; see List of John Deere tractors
* Kintetsu 9020 series, an electric multiple unit train series
* Tokyu 9020 series, an electrical multiple unit train series

## Other uses

* East Japan Railway Company (stock ticker: 9020)
# Elias III

Elias III or Eliya III may refer to:
* Elias III of Jerusalem, Patriarch of Jerusalem from about 879 to 907
* Elias III of Périgord (1055–1104)
* Ignatius Elias III, Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch in 1917–1932
* Elias III of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, Patriarch of the Church of the East in 1176-1190
# Boston Teran

Boston Teran is the pseudonymous American author of 16 novels published from 1999 to 2023. Teran's legal identity is unknown, and the author engages in limited publicity by doing only one interview per book.
Two of Teran's novels have been adapted for the screen: God Is a Bullet (1999 novel, film released 2023) and The Creed of Violence (2010 novel, in development as of 2023).

## Works

* God Is a Bullet (1999)
* Never Count Out the Dead (2001)
* The Prince of Deadly Weapons (2002)
* Trois Femmes (2006)
* Giv: The Story of a Dog and America (2009)
* The Creed of Violence (2010)
* Gardens of Grief (2011)
* The World Eve Left Us (2012)
* The Cloud and the Fire (2013)
* The Country I Lived In (2013)
* By Your Deeds (2016)
* A Child Went Forth (2018)
* How Beautiful They Were (2019)
* Two Boys at Breakwater (July 2021)
* Crippled Jack (September 2022)
* Big Island L.A. (October 2023)
* The White Country (March 2024)

## Awards and distinctions

* CWA John Creasey Award for best first novel: God Is a Bullet
* Finalist, 2000 Mystery Writers of America Edgar Award for Best First Novel: God Is a Bullet
* Longlist, 2001 International Dublin Literary Award: God Is a Bullet
* Winner, 2001 Japan Adventure Fiction Association Prize: God Is a Bullet
* Longlist, 2011 International Dublin Literary Award: Giv: The Story of a Dog and America
* Finalist, 2011 ForeWord INDIES for Adult Fiction (Historical): Gardens of Grief
* Silver Winner, 2012 ForeWord INDIES for Adult Fiction (Translations): The World Eve Left Us
* Finalist, 2018 Foreword INDIES for Adult Fiction (Historical): A Child Went Forth
* Finalist, 2023 Next Generation INDIE Book Award for Adult Fiction (Historical): Crippled Jack
* Silver Winner, 2023 IBPA Ben Franklin Award for Adult Fiction (Historical): Crippled Jack
* Winner, 2024 American Fiction Awards for Adult Fiction (Urban Fiction): Big Island, LA
* Finalist, 2024 American Fiction Awards for Adult Fiction (Mystery/Suspense: Hard-Boiled/Crime): Big Island, LA
# Cithaeron (spider)

Cithaeron is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Cithaeronidae, first described by O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1872.

## Species

As of April 2019 it contains seven species:
* Cithaeron contentum Jocqué & Russell-Smith, 2011 – South Africa
* Cithaeron delimbatus Strand, 1906 – East Africa
* Cithaeron dippenaarae Bosmans & Van Keer, 2015 – Morocco
* Cithaeron indicus Platnick & Gajbe, 1994 – India
* Cithaeron jocqueorum Platnick, 1991 – Ivory Coast
* Cithaeron praedonius O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 (type) – North Africa, Greece, Turkey, Middle East to India, Malaysia. Introduced to Brazil, Cuba, Australia, United States
* Cithaeron reimoseri Platnick, 1991 – Eritrea, Brazil (probably introduced)
# Podcast Inkubator

Podcast Inkubator is one of the most popular podcasts in Croatia and Southeast Europe. It is hosted by several different contributors, mostly local journalists, while the podcast production is handled by the MiS Studio.

## Background

Podcast Inkubator broadcast their first episode on YouTube in March 2017. The podcast began as a passion project of three journalists: Dea Radžić, Ratko Martinović and Marko Petrak. Since then, two more hosts have an various points hosted episodes, the rapper Slaven Berić, better known as Fil Tilen and Aida Šukurica, a journalist and radio host.
By their first anniversary, they had amassed a total of 1,5 million views and 5,500 subscribers to their channel, and had hosted a number notable personalities, such as Mirko Cro Cop, Stipe Drews, Roberto Soldić and Vedran Bađun.
In May 2019, they passed the milestone of 100 million total views, which made them the most listened to podcast in Croatian history. At that point, they had gained over 100,000 subscribes as well.

## Show composition

The show currently has three regular hosts: Ratko Martnović and Marko Petrak, who are the co-founders of the podcast, and Milan Stjelja, who is a later addition.
Marko Petrak primarily hosts personalities from the sphere of combat sports and martial arts, most often boxers and mixed martial artists, such as Satoshi Ishii, Antonio Plazibat, Ivana Habazin, and so on. The themes discussed usually relate to the professional careers of the athletes, their latest fights, as well as their opinions on the recent happenings in the world of combat sports.
Ratko Martinović hosts people from various spheres of life, such as the e-sports player Luka Perković, the synth-pop band Svemirko or sportspeople such as Ivica Kostelić.
Milan Stjelja hosts the "A1 Nogometni Podcast" which focuses exclusively on football in Croatia, the guests most often being Football players, managers, coaches, or journalists.
# Aït Yahia Moussa

Aït Yahia Moussa is a town and commune in Tizi Ouzou Province in northern Algeria.
# 2006 Miami FC season

The 2006 Miami FC season was the first season of the new team and club in the USL First Division. This year, the team finished in fifth place for the regular season and made it to the first round of the playoffs.

## Regular season
### Standings
#### First Division

Commissioner's Cup, bye to semifinal round of playoffs  Bye to semifinal round of playoffs  First round of playoffs
| Pos | Club | Pts | Pld | W | L | T | GF | GA | GD | H2H Pts |
| 1 | Montreal Impact | 51 | 28 | 14 | 5 | 9 | 31 | 15 | +16 |
| 2 | Rochester Raging Rhinos | 50 | 28 | 13 | 4 | 11 | 34 | 21 | +13 |
| 3 | Charleston Battery | 46 | 28 | 13 | 8 | 7 | 33 | 25 | +8 | CHA: 4 pts VAN: 1 pt |
| 4 | Vancouver Whitecaps | 46 | 28 | 12 | 6 | 10 | 40 | 28 | +12 | CHA: 4 pts VAN: 1 pt |
| 5 | Miami FC | 39 | 28 | 11 | 11 | 6 | 47 | 44 | +3 |
| 6 | Puerto Rico Islanders | 38 | 28 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 38 | 36 | +2 |
| 7 | Seattle Sounders | 37 | 28 | 11 | 13 | 4 | 42 | 48 | −6 |
| 8 | Atlanta Silverbacks | 35 | 28 | 10 | 13 | 5 | 36 | 42 | −6 |
| 9 | Virginia Beach Mariners | 32 | 28 | 8 | 12 | 8 | 26 | 37 | −11 | VBM: 7 pts TOR: 4 pts |
| 10 | Toronto Lynx | 32 | 28 | 8 | 12 | 8 | 30 | 36 | −6 | VBM: 7 pts TOR: 4 pts |
| 11 | Portland Timbers | 27 | 28 | 7 | 15 | 6 | 25 | 39 | −14 | POR: 9 pts MIN: 3 pts |
| 12 | Minnesota Thunder | 27 | 28 | 7 | 15 | 6 | 34 | 45 | −11 | POR: 9 pts MIN: 3 pts |

##### Playoffs

Quarterfinals and Semifinals 2-game aggregate
Higher seeded team hosted first game
* Exception: Montreal hosted second game vs Vancouver
| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| | | | | | 2 | Rochester Raging Rhinos | 1 | 0 | 1 | | | |
| 3 | Charleston Battery | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | Charleston Battery | 0 | 0 | 0 | | | |
| 6 | Puerto Rico Islanders | 2 | 0 | 2 | | | | | | 2 | Rochester Raging Rhinos | 0 |
| | | | | | | | | | | 4 | Vancouver Whitecaps | 3 |
| | | | | | 4 | Vancouver Whitecaps (a.e.t.) | 0 | 2 | 2 | | | |
| 4 | Vancouver Whitecaps | 4 | 2 | 6 | 1 | Montreal Impact | 0 | 0 | 0 | | | |
| 5 | Miami FC | 1 | 0 | 1 | | | | | | | | |
# 40S ribosomal protein S30

40S ribosomal protein S30 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FAU gene.

## Function

This gene is the cellular homolog of the fox sequence in the Finkel-Biskis-Reilly murine sarcoma virus (FBR-MuSV). It encodes a fusion protein consisting of the ubiquitin-like protein FUBI at the N-terminus and ribosomal protein S30 at the C-terminus. It has been proposed that the fusion protein is post-translationally processed to generate free fubi and free ribosomal protein S30. Fubi is a member of the ubiquitin family, and ribosomal protein S30 belongs to the S30E family of ribosomal proteins. Whereas the function of fubi is currently unknown, ribosomal protein S30 is a component of the 40S subunit of the cytoplasmic ribosome. Pseudogenes derived from this gene are present in the genome. Similar to ribosomal protein S30, ribosomal proteins S27a and L40 are synthesized as fusion proteins with ubiquitin.
# Germany–Malta relations

Germany and Malta have maintained diplomatic relations since 1965. Both countries are members of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the European Union, the Schengen area and the Eurozone. Malta cooperates with NATO in the Partnership for Peace program. Germany has given full support to Malta's membership of the European Union.

## History

In the Middle Ages, Malta was under the rule of the Hohenstaufen dynasty from 1194 to 1268, who were the Roman-German rulers at that time. In the 16th century, Malta briefly came under the rule of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, who offered it as a fiefdom to the Order of Saint John, expelled from Rhodes, in 1525. The Order determined the history of the island for the following 268 years and is therefore often called the "Order of Malta".
In 1798 Napoléon Bonaparte was sighted with his fleet off Malta. Under the only German Grand Master of the Order so far, Ferdinand von Hompesch zu Bolheim, the island was surrendered without a fight and abandoned by the Knights of the Order, so that Ferdinand was also the last Grand Master to reside on Malta. After a Maltese rebellion, the islands came to Great Britain in 1800, under whose control it would remain until 1964.
During World War I, operations against German submarines were launched from Malta. During World War II, Malta once again served as a base for the Allies due to its strategic location. The island was subsequently hit by over 2000 German and Italian air raids (see Siege of Malta (World War II)), to which more than 1500 Maltese fell victim. In 1964 Malta gained its independence. Diplomatic relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and Malta were established in 1965. Relations have intensified with Malta's accession to the European Union in 2004.

## Cultural relations

The University of Malta has maintained a fully-fledged German Studies program since 2008.
The German-Maltese Society has existed since 1991 and is based in Adenau.

## Economic relations

Germany is one of Malta's most important trading partners. The total volume of trade with Malta amounted to 1.1 billion euros in 2021, putting Malta in 77th place in the ranking of German trading partners. German exports to Malta that year totaled 637 million euros, while imports from Malta totaled 435 million euros. Around 50 to 60 German companies are active in Malta and have invested around 17 billion euros.
Malta is very popular with German tourists: they make up the largest contingent of holidaymakers alongside the British and Italians.