OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pristimantis melanogaster

Pristimantis melanogaster is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to northern Peru where it is only known from vicinity of the type locality in the Bagua Province, Amazonas Region. Its natural habitats are páramo and elfin forest within very humid montane forest at elevations of 2,800–3,470 m (9,190–11,380 ft) asl. It is known from only three locations in a region subject to destruction of habitat through agriculture, livestock grazing and wood extraction.
# Côtebrune

Côtebrune (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.
# Prostitution in Belarus

Prostitution in Belarus is illegal but commonplace and is an administrative, rather than criminal, offence. Running a brothel is forbidden and engaging in other means of pimping are punishable by up to 10 years in prison. UNAIDS estimated there were 22,000 sex workers in Belarus in 2016.
Sex trafficking is a problem in the country.

## Historical extent

Official data for Vitebsk, Minsk, Grodno and Mogilev provinces in 1889 showed there were 50 brothels with 326 prostitutes working in them. The 1897 Russian census of the 5 Belarus provinces recorded 479 prostitutes.
According to Ministry of Internal Affairs official 2010 figures, there were 1,930 women involved in prostitution in Belarus, roughly 637 of them were in Minsk. 780 people were prosecuted for prostitution in 210.

## Sex tourism

The country is a destination for sex tourism. The government has tried to combat this by visa restrictions. However there are no visas required for visitors from Russia, where most of the sex tourists come from. Most tourists travel to the country independently, but there are "sex tours" organised from Turkey and Western Europe.
Russian are attracted to casinos in the country, (Russia banned gambling and shut all casinos in 2009) and prostitution is attached to many of the casinos. There have been a number of high-profile arrests in connection with prostitution in casinos. In 2012, the art director and manager of Minsk's Dankoff Club were arrested and later the owner of the club, Jury Dańkoŭ, was also arrested.
In 2009, a Turkish citizen resident in Belarus was jailed 7 years for organising sex tours from Turkey. A year later an accomplice was also sentenced to 7 years. Some Middle East nationals have also been deported from Belarus for similar activities.

## Sex trafficking

Belarus is a source, transit, and destination country for women and children subjected to sex trafficking. Belarusian victims are primarily subjected to trafficking in Russia and Belarus, as well as in Poland, Turkey, and other countries in Eurasia and the Middle East. Some Belarusian women travelling for foreign employment in the adult entertainment and hotel industries are subjected to sex trafficking. The government has identified Belarusian, Moldovan, Russian, Ukrainian, and Vietnamese victims exploited in Belarus.
Article 181 of the criminal code prohibits both sex and labour trafficking and prescribes penalties ranging from five to 15 years imprisonment in addition to the forfeiture of offenders’ assets. The government reported one sex trafficking investigation in 2016 under article 181, compared with one in 2015, one in 2014, and six in 2013.
The United States Department of State Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons ranks Belarus as a 'Tier 3' country.
# Chanceaux-sur-Choisille

Chanceaux-sur-Choisille (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 523 | — |
| 1800 | 419 | −3.12% |
| 1806 | 597 | +6.08% |
| 1821 | 604 | +0.08% |
| 1831 | 617 | +0.21% |
| 1836 | 694 | +2.38% |
| 1841 | 712 | +0.51% |
| 1846 | 676 | −1.03% |
| 1851 | 694 | +0.53% |
| 1856 | 716 | +0.63% |
| 1861 | 745 | +0.80% |
| 1866 | 732 | −0.35% |
| 1872 | 658 | −1.76% |
| 1876 | 649 | −0.34% |
| 1881 | 777 | +3.67% |
| 1886 | 724 | −1.40% |
| 1891 | 715 | −0.25% |
| 1896 | 708 | −0.20% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1901 | 658 | −1.45% |
| 1906 | 644 | −0.43% |
| 1911 | 614 | −0.95% |
| 1921 | 615 | +0.02% |
| 1926 | 604 | −0.36% |
| 1931 | 606 | +0.07% |
| 1936 | 660 | +1.72% |
| 1946 | 599 | −0.97% |
| 1954 | 662 | +1.26% |
| 1962 | 726 | +1.16% |
| 1968 | 701 | −0.58% |
| 1975 | 959 | +4.58% |
| 1982 | 1,801 | +9.42% |
| 1990 | 2,601 | +4.70% |
| 1999 | 2,821 | +0.91% |
| 2007 | 3,573 | +3.00% |
| 2012 | 3,539 | −0.19% |
| 2017 | 3,515 | −0.14% |
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :
# Odontolytes

Odontolytes is a genus of aphodiine dung beetles in the family Scarabaeidae. There are about 19 described species in Odontolytes.

## Species

These 19 species belong to the genus Odontolytes:
* Odontolytes andamanensis Koshantschikov, 1916
* Odontolytes angusticollis (Schmidt, 1909)
* Odontolytes capitosus (Harold, 1867)
* Odontolytes denominatus (Chevrolat, 1864)
* Odontolytes domingo (Stebnicka, 2002)
* Odontolytes guayara (Stebnicka, 2002)
* Odontolytes huebneri (Petrovitz, 1970)
* Odontolytes iquitosae (Stebnicka, 2002)
* Odontolytes landai (Balthasar, 1963)
* Odontolytes loretoensis (Stebnicka, 2002)
* Odontolytes minutus (Petrovitz, 1973)
* Odontolytes panamensis (Stebnicka, 2002)
* Odontolytes puyoensis (Stebnicka, 2002)
* Odontolytes rondoniae (Stebnicka, 2002)
* Odontolytes tectipennis (Stebnicka & Skelley, 2005)
* Odontolytes teutoniae (Stebnicka, 2002)
* Odontolytes transversaria (Schmidt, 1909)
* Odontolytes viejoae (Stebnicka & Skelley, 2005)
* Odontolytes waoraniae (Stebnicka & Skelley, 2005)
# Box Canyon (Colorado)

Box Canyon is a box canyon in Ouray County, Colorado, United States.

## Description

A mining camp was established in the canyon that helped the city of Ouray establish itself as a permanent community. Box Canyon is home to Box Canyon Falls, a 285 feet (87 m) waterfall, with quartzite walls that extend almost 100 ft (30 m) past the falls. Access to the canyon is through a short, 500 feet (150 m) foot trail to the base of the falls or a steep trail leading to the top of the falls. A fee is required to use the trails to the canyon.

## Geology

Box Canyon contains an Angular Unconformity. The Elbert Formation sits on the Uncompahgre Formation which represents a geologic age difference of approximately 1.3 billion years.
# Miramichi River Valley

Miramichi River Valley is an incorporated rural community in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. It was formed through the 2023 New Brunswick local governance reforms.

## History

Miramichi River Valley was incorporated on January 1, 2023.

## Government

Miramichi River Valley residents are able to cast votes in the rural community's elections. The community is within the federal electoral district of Miramichi-Grand Lake, and within the provincial electoral district of Southwest Miramichi-Bay du Vin.
The mayors of Blackville during its time as an incorporated village from 1967 to 2022 included:
* Lawrence Stephens (1967-1969)
* Harold Connors (1969-1971)
* Roland Walls (1971-1992)
* Glen Hollowood (1992-1998)
* Roland Walls (1998-2001)
* Omer MacKenzie (2001-2004)
* Glen Hollowood (2004-2012)
* Harold Muck (2012-2013)
* Matthew Sturgeon (2013)
* Andrew Hawkes (2013-2016)
* Christopher Hennessy (2016-2021)
* Ian Fortune (2021-2022)

## Economy

Miramichi River Valley's economy was once tied to the forest industry. A large sawmill that employed 200 workers had been operated in the village by industrial conglomerate UPM Kymmene, but it closed in 2007 as a result of economic pressures.
Miramichi River Valley is home to a single financial institution, Blackville Credit Union. It is the oldest of its kind in New Brunswick.

## Education

Blackville School, grades K - 12, is a public school in the community. This is the only grade school in Miramichi River Valley, with students occasionally transporting to other Miramichi schools instead (Such as Miramichi Valley High School).

## Notable people

* Herb Curtis
* J. F. A. McManus
* Kathy McCormack
* Marion Leane Smith (Lived her final years and died in Blackville.)
# Gnamptopteryx

Gnamptopteryx is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae erected by George Hampson in 1893. Its only species, Gnamptopteryx perficita, was first described by Francis Walker in 1858. It is found in India, Sri Lanka, and Taiwan.
The Taiwan population is classified as a subspecies - Gnamptopteryx perficita cymatia (Hampson, 1902).
# Cleptometopus lobatus

Cleptometopus lobatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1940.
# Barcroft Boake

Barcroft Boake may refer to:
* Barcroft Boake (poet) (1866–1892), Australian poet
* Barcroft Boake (educator) (1814–1876), Irish-born clergyman and educator
* Barcroft Capel Boake (1838–1921), Australian photographer
# Gerda Hellberg

Gerda Hellberg née Lundberg (1870–1937) was a prominent Swedish women's rights activist, contributing to Sweden's fight for women's suffrage. While studying in Uppsala, together with her female student friends, she founded Sweden's first student association for women. After moving to Karlstad in 1897, her home became a centre for meetings of women's rights activists. In 1903, she established the Karlstad branch of the National Association for Women's Suffrage (LKPR) and in 1912 was the first women to be elected to the city council. Following the introduction of women's suffrage, she chaired the newly established Karlstad branch of the Fredrika Bremer Association, the oldest existing women's rights organization in Sweden.

## Early life and education

Born in Stockholm on 22 June 1870, Gerda Lundberg was the daughter of the merchant and industrialist Olof Henrik Lundberg and his wife Ida Josefina née Lundgren. She was raised in a well-to-do home with six half-siblings from her mother's first marriage. After attending Stockholm's French school until 1886, she studied German and biology at Norra Latin, continuing at Wallinska skolan. She began studying languages at Uppsala University in 1888, the only woman among almost a thousand students. She graduated in modern languages in 1892.
While studying in Uppsala, she lived with Ann-Margret Holmgren and her family in a home attracting liberal radicals. She established friendships with two other borders, Gulli Petrini and Lydia Wahlström, the latter becoming a lifelong companion. Together with a few other women, Gerda Lundberg encouraged them to establish Sweden's first student association for women, Kvinnliga Studentföreningen, founded on 2 March 1892.

## Suffrage and women's rights

The same year, she met Mauritz Hellberg (1859–1947) from the radical Verdandi student association. The editor of the daily newspaper Karlstads-Tidninger, he also stood for universal suffrage. The couple married in 1897 on Gerda's 27th birthday. They settled in Karlstad where their first son, Helvin, was born two years later. Their second son, Love, born in 1903 but died the following year.
In March 1903, as a result of increasing interest in votes for women, the Karlstad branch of LKPR, the women's association for suffrage, was established. With Gerda Hellstad as chair, the organization was one of the two most active branches in western Sweden, the other being the Gothenburg branch. The family also moved into a new residence, Villa Skogsbrynet, large enough to attract a stream of visitors interested in the suffrage movement.
In November 1912, thanks to support from the women's association, Hellberg was elected to the city council where she served until 1923. That year, a branch of Fredrika Bremer Association was established in Karlstad with Hellberg as chair. She worked towards better professional qualifications for women and for general equality. She served until 1935 when she became honorary chair.
Gerda Hellberg died in Karlstad on 6 August 1937.
# Gottfried Gustav Pitz Barn

The Gottfried Gustav Pitz Barn in Cass County, Nebraska near Plattsmouth, Nebraska is a German banked barn built in 1883 by Gottfried Gustav Pitz. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.
Pitz came to the United States from Germany in 1868, at age 19. He was a market gardener who brought produce into Plattsmouth and Omaha to sell.
It is a one-and-a-half-story 16 by 16 feet (4.9 m × 4.9 m) plan barn, with a dry brick floor.
It has also been known as the Pia-Muller Barn.
It is located at 903 Livingston Rd.
# Bow Island Airport

Bow Island Airport (TC LID: CEF3) is located 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) northeast of Bow Island, Alberta, Canada.
# Fellow of the Federation

Fellow of the Federation is the fellowship given out by the International Federation of Vexillological Associations (FIAV).

## History

Established in 2001, the International Federation of Vexillological Associations Board awards this fellow to those who have 'made significant contributions to vexillology and/or for rendering significant service to FIAV (including service as an ICV Congress Organizing Representative (COR)) or a FIAV Member.'

## Medal and Post Nominals

Recipients of this Fellowship are allowed to use the Post Nominal 'FF'.
According to the International Federation of Vexillogical Associations, when the award is given out 'A Fellow receives a certificate signed by the Board and a medal bearing the central knot device of the FIAV flag suspended from a chest ribbon of blue and yellow, the colors of the FIAV flag, as well as a miniature ribbon and a lapel pin.
# Brian O'Rourke (composer)

Brían O'Rourke (1949-2022) was a composer and singer of Irish folk songs. He lectured in Irish Studies at Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology and authored several books on Irish folk songs.

## Life

O'Rourke was born in Ratheniska, County Laois. He was married and had three children, with whom he lived in Magherabaun, Feakle. O'Rourke taught Irish Studies or Irish Heritage at Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology.

## Works

O'Rourke published two volumes with collections of Irish songs. These songs were frequently performed by Sean nós singers.
* Blas Meala (english: A sip from the honeypot)
* An Dhub ina Bhan (english: Pale rainbow)
As a composer, he was best known for "The Bhodrán song" (when I grow up), included on the album The Very Best of Irish Ballads (ARC Music 2015) and Chantal du Champignon.
In the book chapter "County Mayo in Gaelic Folk Song", O´Rourke identifies a series of characters in the history of County Mayo that are remembered through folk songs.
* Seán Mac Aoidh, murder suspect and ascribed author of the poem Sail Og Rua
* Dónal Ó Maoláine, rapparee described in an adventure song
* Lacky Ó Máille, the troubled friar and author of two songs
* Tomás Bán Mac Aodhagáin, a person sentenced to be hanged who is described in the song that bears his name
* Dónal Meirgeach Mac Conmara, the freckled adscribed author of the song An Ghaoth Andeas
# Humffray River

The Humffray River is a perennial river of the Mitchell River catchment, located in the Alpine region of the Australian state of Victoria.

## Location and features

Formed by the confluence of the Humffray River West Branch and Humffray River East Branch, the Humffray River rises below the Tea Tree Range within the Great Dividing Range, northeast of the Wonnangatta River Reference Area and flows generally south by east, joined by one minor tributary before reaching its confluence with the Wonnangatta River in remote country below Little Baldy within the Alpine National Park in the Alpine Shire. The river descends 133 metres (436 ft) over its 14-kilometre (8.7 mi) course.
# Gossen's second law

Gossen's Second “Law”, named for Hermann Heinrich Gossen (1810–1858), is the assertion that an economic agent will allocate his or her expenditures such that the ratio of the marginal utility of each good or service to its price (the marginal expenditure necessary for its acquisition) is equal to that for every other good or service. Formally,
    ${\frac {\partial U/\partial x_{i}}{p_{i}}}={\frac {\partial U/\partial x_{j}}{p_{j}}}~\forall \left(i,j\right)$
where
* $U$ is utility
* $x_{i}$ is quantity of the $i$-th good or service
* $p_{i}$ is the price of the $i$-th good or service

## Informal derivation

Imagine that an agent has spent money on various sorts of goods or services. If the last unit of currency spent on goods or services of one sort bought a quantity with less marginal utility than that which would have been associated with the quantity of another sort that could have been bought with the money, then the agent would have been better off instead buying more of that other good or service. Assuming that goods and services are continuously divisible, the only way that it is possible that the marginal expenditure on one good or service should not yield more utility than the marginal expenditure on the other (or vice versa) is if the marginal expenditures yield equal utility.

## Formal derivation

Assume that utility, goods, and services have the requisite properties so that $\partial U/\partial x_{i}$ is well defined for each good or service. An agent then optimizes
    $U\left(x_{1},x_{2},\dots ,x_{n}\right)$
subject to a budget constraint
    $W\geq \sum _{i=1}^{n}\left(p_{i}\cdot x_{i}\right)$
where $W$ is the total available sum of money. Using the method of Lagrange multipliers, one constructs the function
    ${\mathcal {L}}\left(x_{1},x_{2},\dots ,x_{n},\lambda \right)=U\left(x_{1},x_{2},\dots ,x_{n}\right)+\lambda \cdot \left[W-\sum _{i=1}^{n}\left(p_{i}\cdot x_{i}\right)\right]$
and finds the first-order conditions for optimization as
    ${\frac {\partial {\mathcal {L}}}{\partial \lambda }}=0$
(which simply implies that all of $W$ will be spent) and
    ${\frac {\partial {\mathcal {L}}}{\partial x_{i}}}=0~~\forall i$
so that
    ${\frac {\partial U}{\partial x_{i}}}-\lambda \cdot p_{i}=0~~\forall i$
which is algebraically equivalent to
    ${\frac {\partial U/\partial x_{i}}{p_{i}}}=\lambda ~~\forall i$
Since every such ratio is equal to $\lambda$, the ratios are all equal one to another:
    ${\frac {\partial U/\partial x_{i}}{p_{i}}}={\frac {\partial U/\partial x_{j}}{p_{j}}}~\forall \left(i,j\right)$
(Note that, as with any maximization using first-order conditions, the equations will hold only if the utility function satisfies specific concavity requirements and does not have maxima on the edges of the set over which one is maximizing.)
# Georgerobinsonite

Georgerobinsonite, named for George Willard Robinson, is a lead chromate mineral with formula Pb$_4$(CrO$_4$)$_2$(OH)$_2$FCl. It exhibits very small, transparent crystals with a bright orange-red color. It was obtained from the Mammoth–St. Anthony Mine in Arizona in the 1940s and identified in 2009.

## History

The type specimen for georgerobinsonite was found in the Mammoth–St. Anthony Mine in Tiger, Arizona. The sample was collected by Dan Mayers in 1943 or 1944. At this time, the mine was operating at a level where a number of exotic minerals have been discovered. The exact location of its origin is unknown, but it is likely from the Collins vein at the 500 level.
The sample, labelled M 117 by Mayers, was donated along with many others to the Department of Mineralogy at Harvard. Professor Heinrich Meixner obtained it in the 1950s in an exchange with the curator of Harvard's mineral collection, Professor C. Frondel. Werner H. Paar then acquired it in the early 1970s. Several years prior to 2011, reexamination of M 117 revealed very small crystals of an orange-red mineral. They were initially misidentified as wulfenite, but later determined to be a new mineral species.
In November 2009, the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) designated the mineral as IMA 2009-068. The IMA later approved georgerobinsonite as the recommended name. Georgerobinsonite is named for George Willard Robinson, A. E. Seaman Mineral Museum curator since 1996 and mineralogy professor at Michigan Technological University.

## Properties

Georgerobinsonite is a soft, brittle mineral that forms crystals less than 0.1 mm (0.0039 in) across. The mineral possesses a pale-orange streak and an adamantine luster. It is most strongly associated with cerussite and diaboleite.
# Nikoslav Bjegović

Nikoslav Bjegović (Serbian Cyrillic: Никослав Бјеговић; born 16 November 1967) is a Serbian retired footballer who played as a defender.

## Club career

After failing to make an impact at Partizan, Bjegović played for OFK Beograd and Vojvodina, securing himself a move to Red Star Belgrade in 1997. He helped the club win the FR Yugoslavia Cup in the 1998–99 season. In early 2000, Bjegović moved abroad to China to join Beijing Guoan. He also briefly played for Swiss club Luzern before retiring.

## International career

At international level, Bjegović was capped once for FR Yugoslavia in December 1998, coming on as a substitute in a friendly against Israel.

## Honours

Red Star Belgrade
* FR Yugoslavia Cup: 1998–99
# Halorubrum coriense

Halorubrum coriense is a halophilic Archaeon in the family of Halorubraceae.
# Heeswijk (disambiguation)

Heeswijk may refer to:
* Heeswijk, a town in North Brabant, the Netherlands
* Heeswijk (Cuijk), a hamlet in North Brabant, the Netherlands
* Heeswijk (Utrecht), a hamlet in the Netherlands
# Bowman–Birk protease inhibitor

In molecular biology, the Bowman–Birk protease inhibitor family of proteins consists of eukaryotic proteinase inhibitors, belonging to MEROPS inhibitor family I12, clan IF. They mainly inhibit serine peptidases of the S1 family, but also inhibit S3 peptidases.
Members of this family have a duplicated structure and generally possess two distinct inhibitory sites. These inhibitors are primarily found in plants and in particular in the seeds of legumes, as well as in cereal grains. In cereals, they exist in two forms, one of which is a duplication of the basic structure. Proteins of the Bowman–Birk inhibitor family of serine proteinase inhibitors interact with the enzymes they inhibit via an exposed surface loop that adopts the canonical proteinase inhibitory conformation. The resulting noncovalent complex renders the proteinase inactive. This inhibition mechanism is common for the majority of serine proteinase inhibitor proteins, and many analogous examples are known. A particular feature of the Bowman–Birk inhibitor protein, however, is that the interacting loop is a particularly well-defined, disulfide-linked, short beta-sheet region.
# Feline

Feline may refer to:

## Zoology

* Loosely, Felidae, a member of the cat family, which includes the subfamilies Pantherinae and Felinae (conventionally designated a felid).
** Following the taxonomic convention, Felinae, the subfamily of Felidae that includes domestic cats and smaller wild cats.
*** Cat, the domesticated feline.

## Music

* Feline (band), a late-1990s London-based English rock group.
* Feline (The Stranglers album), 1983.
* Feline (1998 album), the self-titled album by Feline, expanded release of Save Your Face.
* Feline (Ella Eyre album) (2015), the debut studio album by Ella Eyre.
* Feline (song), a song on Delta Goodrem's 2016 album Wings of the Wild.
* "Feline", a song by the Cat Empire

## Comics

* Feline (comics), a fictional character from the Malibu comics line.
# Golian, India

Golian is a village in the north Indian state of Punjab. It is located in the district Hoshiarpur.
* This article about a location in the Indian state of Punjab is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Clinidium gilloglyi

Clinidium gilloglyi is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by R.T. & J.R. Bell in 2000.
# Prostyliferidae

Prostyliferidae is an extinct family of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Sorbeoconcha.
According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Prostyliferidae has no subfamilies.