OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Expansionist nationalism

Expansionist nationalism, is an aggressive radical form of nationalism or ethnic nationalism (ethnonationalism) that incorporates autonomous, heightened ethnic consciousness and patriotic sentiments with atavistic fears and hatreds focused on "other" or foreign peoples, framing a belief in expansion or recovery of formerly owned territories through militaristic means.

## History

The term was coined during the late nineteenth century as European powers indulged in the "Scramble for Africa" (1880s onwards), but has been most associated with authoritarian governments during the 20th century, including Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, the Japanese Empire, and the Central and Eastern European countries of Albania (Greater Albania), Bulgaria (Greater Bulgaria), Croatia (Greater Croatia), Hungary (Greater Hungary), Romania (Greater Romania) and Serbia (Greater Serbia).

## Ideology

Expansionist nationalism is distinguished from liberal nationalism by its advocacy of chauvinism and racialism, its belief in the superiority of one's own nation and dominance combined with the exclusive right of self-determination. Nations are not considered equal with regard to their right of self-determination, rather some nations are believed to possess characteristics or qualities that make them superior to others. Expansionist nationalism therefore asserts the state's right to increase its borders at the expense of its neighbors.
# Micraspis

Micraspis is a genus of fungi in the family Micraspidaceae. The genus contains three species.
# Michael T. Anderson

Michael T. Anderson (born November 18, 1950, in Boulder, Colorado) is an American mathematician. He is a professor of mathematics at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. His research concerns differential geometry including Ricci curvature and minimal surfaces.
After doing his undergraduate studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara, Anderson received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1981 under the supervision of H. Blaine Lawson.
In 2012, Anderson became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

## Major publications

* Anderson, Michael T.; Schoen, Richard. Positive harmonic functions on complete manifolds of negative curvature. Ann. of Math. (2) 121 (1985), no. 3, 429–461.
* Anderson, Michael T. Ricci curvature bounds and Einstein metrics on compact manifolds. J. Amer. Math. Soc. 2 (1989), no. 3, 455–490.
* Anderson, Michael T. Convergence and rigidity of manifolds under Ricci curvature bounds. Invent. Math. 102 (1990), no. 2, 429–445.
# Expedition Robinson 2011

Robinsonekspedisjonen 2011, is the eleventh season of the Norwegian version of the Swedish show Expedition Robinson. This season will premiere in early September. The main twist this season is that the contestants will be divided into two tribes known as Gamle (Old) and Unge (Young) based on their ages with those in Gamle being age forty and up and those in Unge being under the age of thirty.

## Finishing order

| Contestant | Original Tribe |
| Anita Svensson 45, Lindesnes | Gamle |
| Arild Grimsgård 40, Alvdal | Gamle |
| Beatrice Bærem 22, Halden | Unge |
| Cathrine Moen 20, Kolbotn | Unge |
| Christin Kalve 40, Stord | Gamle |
| Christina Ruste Hinna 21, Hønefoss | Unge |
| Elisabet Madsen 25, Hornes | Unge |
| Gabriel Holta 22, Stavanger | Unge |
| Hans Christian Valstad 23, Bærum | Unge |
| Hans-Olaf Hess 46, Hurum | Gamle |
| Jon Torstein Bakken 42, Frekhaug | Gamle |
| Lillan Ramøy 43, Nøtterøy | Gamle |
| Marianne Moen 47, Oslo | Gamle |
| Morten Heierdal 28, Furuset | Unge |
| Nicolas Perle 29, Mauritzius | Unge |
| Terje Pedersen 70, Fredrikstad | Gamle |
# Expedition Rock

Expedition Rock (60°42′S 44°44′W﻿ / ﻿60.700°S 44.733°W﻿ / -60.700; -44.733) is a submerged rock 1.5 nautical miles (3km) east-northeast of Cape Robertson, lying in the entrance to Jessie Bay on the north side of Laurie Island, in the South Orkney Islands. It was charted by Petter Sorlle, 1912–15, and called "Aagot Gr"; it was recharted by Discovery Investigations in 1933 and named Expedition Rock.
# Expo 64

The Swiss national exposition of 1964 (French: Exposition nationale suisse de 1964), usually shortened to Expo 64, was a world's fair held in Lausanne, more specifically in Vidy and the neighbouring Vallée de la Jeunesse, between 30 April and 25 October 1964.
Expo 64 was directed by Gabriel Despland, with Alberto Camenzind as chief architect, Edmond Henri as administrative director, and Paul Ruckstuhl as financial director. The syndic of Lausanne, Georges-André Chevallaz, was also part of the direction committee.

## Sectors

Expo 64 was divided into eight sectors:
* La Voie Suisse ("the Swiss way"): main sector of Expo 64, devoted to the history, political system, cultural values and future perspectives of Switzerland
* L'art de vivre ("art of life"): devoted to the resources of the 1960s, such as the environment, the way of life and spiritual aspirations.
* Communications et transports ("Communications and transports"): Communications, transports and their consequences on territorial equipment.
* Industrie et artisanat ("Industry and craft"): innovations from 1945.
* Les échanges ("import and export"): indigenous production was emphasised against importations.
* Terre et la forêt ("Earth and forest"): a variety of trees and several typical farms were put on display, along with activities such as milk or wine production.
* Le port (harbour): the leisure centre of the exposition, with restaurants, coffee shops, shops, dance clubs and various attractions.
* La Suisse vigilante ("Vigilant Switzerland"): promoting the Swiss Army. This sector also premiered Wehrhafte Schweiz (Fortress of Peace), a 20 minute short film about the Swiss Army.

## Attractions

The main attractions of the exposition were:
* The symphonie des échanges ("Symphony of exchanges"): a symphony played on machines
* A monorail.
* The Mésoscaphe Auguste Piccard (PX-8), and tourism submarine.
* The "Spiral" tower
* Un jour en Suisse ("A day in Switzerland"), a sociological study
* La Suisse s’interroge ("Switzerland ponders"), five 3-minute films by Henry Brandt
The results of the sociological study Un jour en Suisse were subject to censorship, both with the selection of question (questions such as "can one be a good Swiss while being a conscientious objector", "not believe in God", "support the right to abortion" were suppressed) and later when the answers were processed and suggested results that the Federal Council found embarrassing. 580,000 people, out of 12 million visitors, answered the study.

## Remains of Expo 64

Some of the attractions of Expo 64 still exist and can be seen on the lakeside:
* The théâtre Vidy-Lausanne
* The Esplanade des trois Suisse
* A concrete building in the Vallée de la Jeunesse and a playground
* The voile d'or
* A miniature railway in Vidy
Furthermore, the A1 motorway between Lausanne and Geneva, built for Expo 64, is still in operation, along with the Maladière roundabout at the end of the A1. An aerial tramway in Les Diablerets connecting the Scex Rouge, at nearly 3,000 metres, was also inaugurated in occasion of the exhibition.
# Expo 71

Expo 1971 Budapest was a Specialised Expo organised under the theme of Hunting and recognised by the Bureau International des Expositions. It was held in Budapest, Hungary from 27 August to 30 September 1971. The Expo welcomed 52 countries and gathered 1.9 million visitors.
The International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation (CIC) implemented its newly recognised rules at the Expo. The Expo featured a Wildlife Film Festival and thematic symposiums.
# Excretory system of gastropods

The excretory system of gastropods removes nitrogenous waste and maintains the internal water balance of these creatures, commonly referred to as snails and slugs. The primary organ of excretion is a nephridium.

## Structure

The most primitive gastropods retain two nephridia, but in the great majority of species, the right nephridium has been lost, leaving a single excretory organ, located in the anterior part of the visceral mass. The nephridium projects into the main venous sinus in the animal's foot. The circulatory fluid of gastropods, known as haemolymph directly bathes the tissues, where it supplies them with oxygen and absorbs carbon dioxide and nitrogenous waste, a necessary waste product of metabolism. From the arterial sinuses bathing the tissues, it drains into the venous sinus, and thus flows past the nephridium.
The main body cavity of most aquatic gastropods also includes pericardial glands, often located above the heart. These secrete waste into the haemolymph, prior to further filtration in the nephridium. Pulmonates lack these glands, so that the nephridium is the only major organ of excretion.
In some gastropods, the nephridium opens directly into the sinus, but more usually, there is a small duct, referred to as the renopericardial canal. In aquatic gastropods, the nephridium is drained by a ureter that opens near the rear of the mantle cavity. This allows the flow of water through the cavity to flush out the excreta. Terrestrial pulmonates instead have a much longer ureter, that opens near the anus.
In addition to the pericardial glands and nephridium, excretory cells are also present in the digestive glands opening into the stomach. These glands have a metabolic function, somewhat similar to that of the vertebrate liver, and excrete waste products directly into the digestive system, where it is voided with the faeces.

## Water balance

In aquatic gastropods, the waste product is invariably ammonia, which rapidly dissolves in the surrounding water. In the case of freshwater species, the nephridium also resorbs a significant amount of salt in order to prevent its loss through osmosis into the surrounding water.
Terrestrial species instead excrete insoluble uric acid, which allows them to maintain their internal water balance. Even so, most species require a somewhat humid environment, and secrete a considerable amount of water in their slime trail. Those few species that dwell in arid environments typically hibernate or aestivate during dry periods to preserve moisture.
# Extensor brevis muscle

Extensor brevis muscle may refer to:
Foot:
* extensor digitorum brevis muscle
* extensor hallucis brevis muscle
Arm:
* extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle
* extensor pollicis brevis muscle
# Expenses scandal

Expenses scandal may refer to:

## Canada

* Senate expenses scandal
* Nova Scotia parliamentary expenses scandal
* Saskatchewan expenses scandal

## Ireland

* Ivor Callely expenses scandal
* FÁS expenses scandal
* John O'Donoghue expenses scandal

## United Kingdom

* United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal
# Edward Stuart McDougall

Edward Stuart McDougall (25 September 1886 – 14 February 1957) was a Canadian politician and judge. He was a judge on the Court of King's Bench of Quebec and the International Military Tribunal for the Far East. In 1936, McDougall was briefly the Quebec minister of finance in the first government of Adélard Godbout.
McDougall was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He earned a law degree from McGill University and became a member of the Quebec bar in 1913. At the beginning of the First World War, in 1914, he volunteered in Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry of the Canadian Expeditionary Force. He was sent to the front in 1915 and was wounded in 1917, after which he returned to Montreal. At the end of the war, McDougall was a major.
In 1922, he married Katherine Eleanor Mackenzie. They had a daughter.
In June 1936, Adélard Godbout succeeded Louis-Alexandre Taschereau as premier of Quebec. Wanting to dissociate from old government, which was sullied by the scandals, Godbout sought out some non-politicians to serve in his cabinet. McDougall accepted Godbout's offer to become provincial treasurer (minister of finance). McDougall was sworn in on 27 June 1936 and immediately began campaigning for election to the Quebec National Assembly in the 1936 election as a Liberal. McDougall ran in the constituency of Montreal-Saint-Laurent. On 17 August 1936, McDougall was beaten by Thomas Joseph Coonan, the Union Nationale candidate, by less than 200 votes. The Union Nationale won more seats than the Liberals, and Godbout's short term as premier also came to an end.
In 1942, McDougall was appointed as a judge of the Court of King's Bench of Quebec (the former name of the Quebec Court of Appeal), the highest appellate court in Quebec. In 1946, McDougall represented Canada as a judge on the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo.
McDougall died in Montreal. He was survived by his wife, daughter and 3 grandchildren.
# Bucephalus (flatworm)

Bucephalus (lit. 'ox head') is the genus name for many trematode flatworms that are parasites of molluscs and fish. Like other Bucephalidae, they are found in fish both as adults and as metacercariae. In marine and freshwater teleosts, they live as parasites inside the digestive tract, especially the intestine.
The genus Bucephalus was based on the earliest known bucephalid, B. polymorphus Baer (1827), initially described from a cercaria larva. Siebold (1848) believed that the adult bucephalid he named Gasterostomum fimbriatum represented an adult form of the same bucephalid, but this identity has never been proved.
The name Bucephalus (lit. 'ox head') was chosen because of the horn-like appearance of the forked tail (furcae) of its cercaria. By what Manter calls a "curious circumstance", horns are also suggested by the long tentacles of adult worms.
They are distinguished from other genera in the same family by having tentacles associated with the anterior sucker. Genus members have their mouth in the middle of the body.
An earlier name for this genus was Gasterostomum, given by von Siebold in 1848 to all adult trematodes with a ventral mouth. Odhner (1905) established two suborders of digenean trematodes called Gasterostomata and Protostomata. The two genera in Gasterostomata were Gasterostomum (now Bucephalus) and Prosorhynchus, of which the former has an anterior sucker separate from its digestive tract and the latter has an anterior rhynchus. Members of the genus Bucephalus are also sometimes referred to as "gasterostomes."
# Višnjevec Podvrški

Višnjevec Podvrški is a settlement (naselje) in the Samobor administrative territory of Zagreb County, Croatia. As of 2011 it had a population of 42 people.
# Navobod

Navobod may refer to one of several different locations in Tajikistan:
* Navobod, Hisor, a jamoat in the city of Hisor, Districts of Republican Subordination Region
* Navobod, Istaravshan, a village in the city of Istaravshan, Sughd Region
* Navobod, Panjakent, a village in the city of Panjakent, Sughd Region
* Navobod, Qubodiyon District, a jamoat in Qubodiyon District, Khatlon Region
* Navobod, Rasht District, a jamoat in Districts of Republican Subordination Region
* Navobod, Jaloliddin Balkhi District, a jamoat in Jaloliddin Balkhi District, Khatlon Region
* Navobod, Tursunzoda, a jamoat in the city of Tursunzoda, Districts of Republican Subordination Region
# Mental Health Association of San Francisco

The Mental Health Association of San Francisco (MHA-SF) is a charitable organization which deals with mental health education, advocacy, research, and service in San Francisco. It was established as the San Francisco Mental Hygiene Society in 1947. The present name was adopted in 1957.
The San Francisco-based organization is one of 320 affiliates of Mental Health America (formerly known as the National Mental Health Association) throughout the United States and an affiliate of the Mental Health Association in California.
It has received core funding from The California Endowment.
# Constantin Kousnetzoff

Constantin Kousnetzoff, or Konstantin Pavlovich Kuznetsov (Russian: Константин Павлович Кузнецов); (10 August 1863, Zhyolnino - 30 December 1936, Paris) was a Russian painter who spent most of his career in France; known primarily for his landscapes, cityscapes and Symbolist watercolors.

## Biography

He was born to a wealthy merchant family who owned a trading business with headquarters in Astrakhan. He was educated at home, where he learned to play the piano and the flute. His interest in painting was inspired by the time he spent in the countryside, and his first works were in imitation of Ivan Shishkin.
Around 1892, he entered an art academy in Saratov. There, he met Victor Borisov-Musatov and, in 1895, accompanied him to Paris, where they both worked in the studios of Fernand Cormon. In 1899, he returned home just long enough to get married, then settled in Paris in 1900. At that time, he became an assistant to Ferdinand Humbert. His wife, Alexandra, studied at the Académie Julian.
That same year, he began making frequent trips to Brittany and Normandy, where he produced over 150 coastal scenes, and became associated with the Barbizon school (which he had first encountered in Saratov); frequently painting with Jean Peské, who was also a Russian emigrant.
He continued to exhibit in Moscow and Saint Petersburg and, from 1905, was a member of the "Moscow Association of Artists [ru]". In 1909, he designed sets and scenery for a production of Pelléas et Mélisande by the Opéra-Comique, but they were never used.
After 1927, he never left Paris; working along the Seine in Summer and in his studio the rest of the year. During this time, his style began to depart from Impressionism, with a darker palette and sharper contrasts. In the 1930s, he turned to creating illustrations; notably for a special, numbered French-language edition of Viy by Nikolai Gogol. His illustrations for several works by Pushkin were never published.
After his eldest son died in 1933, his health began to decline and he died three years later. Major retrospectives of his work were held in Paris in 1937, the 1960s, and 1987.

## Artist's legacy

Kuznetsov's works are in many museum collections, including the State Tretyakov Gallery and the Russian Museum, and abroad, at the Musée d'Orsay and the Carnival Museum in Paris, the Pont-Aven and the Hague Municipal Museum.
After the artist's death retrospective exhibitions of his works were held in Paris in 1937, 1964, 1965 and 1966.
In 2021 the first large-scale exhibition of Konstantin Kuznetsov's works in Russia was held at the Tretyakov Gallery.

## Selected paintings

* The Artist's Daughters
* Place de la Concorde
* Wedding Party
* Bright Morning at Notre-Dame de Paris
# Constantin Le Paige

Constantin Marie Le Paige (9 March 1852 – 26 January 1929) was a Belgian mathematician.
Born in Liège, Belgium, Le Paige began studying mathematics in 1869 at the University of Liège. After studying analysis under Professor Eugène Charles Catalan, Le Paige became a professor at the Université de Liège in 1882.
While interested in astronomy and the history of mathematics, Le Paige mainly worked on the theory of algebraic form, especially algebraic curves and surfaces and more particularly for his work on the construction of cubic surfaces. Le Paige remained at the university until his retirement in 1922.
# Atlantic Bank of New York

Atlantic Bank of New York is a bank holding company and a subsidiary of New York Community Bank.

## History

In 1926, Bank of Athens Trust Company, a subsidiary of Bank of Athens, received a bank charter in New York State.
In 1952, the bank changed its name to Atlantic Bank of New York.
In 1953, the bank acquired Hellenic Bank Trust Company.
In 1959, the bank acquired Bankatlanta Safe Deposit Company.
In 2002, the bank acquired Yonkers S&L.
In 2006, the bank was acquired by New York Community Bank for $400 million. and Mr. Spiros J. Voutsinas appointed President of Atlantic Bank.
In 2014, Spiros J. Voutsinas, the president & chief executive officer of the bank, died. In July 2014, Nancy Papaioannou was elected President of Atlantic Bank of New York, division of New York Commercial Bank.≤5≥
# Athletics at the 2015 Parapan American Games – Men's 200 metres T37

The men's T37 200 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2015 Parapan American Games was held on August 14 at the CIBC Athletics Stadium. The defending Parapan American Games champion was Omar Monterola of Venezuela.

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing records were as follows:
| World record | Andrey Vdovin (RUS) | 22.77 | Lyon, France | 24 July 2013 |
| Americas record | Omar Monterola (VEN) | 23.34 | London, Great Britain | 31 August 2012 |
| Parapan record | Omar Monterola (VEN) | 23.70 | Guadalajara, Mexico | 18 November 2011 |

## Schedule

All times are Central Standard Time (UTC-6).
| Date | Time | Round |
| 10 August | 15:55 | Final |

## Results

All times are shown in seconds.
| KEY: | q | Fastest non-qualifiers | Q | Qualified | PR | Parapan American Games record | AR | Area record | NR | National record | PB | Personal best | SB | Seasonal best | DSQ | Disqualified | FS | False start |

### Final

Wind: -0.5 m/s
| Rank | Name | Nation | Time | Notes |
| | Mateus Evangelista Cardoso | Brazil | 24.02 | PB |
| | Omar Monterola | Venezuela | 24.20 | SB |
| | Paulo Pereira | Brazil | 24.70 | |
| 4 | Lucas Ferrari | Brazil | 25.33 | PB |
| 5 | Oscar Fabian Riveros Amaya | Colombia | 26.38 | |
# Wylie (Australian explorer)

Wylie (c. 1825 – ?) was an Indigenous Australian originally from the King George Sound tribe around Albany in Western Australia. He accompanied Edward John Eyre to Adelaide by sea in May 1840, and would have left with Eyre on his expedition to penetrate to the interior in June of the same year, but Wylie was ill. Later in the year, Eyre was at Fowlers Bay in the west, having retreated from the north, and Wylie joined him by way of the ship supplying the expedition, the Hero.
Wylie was subsequently one of the three Aboriginals to accompany Eyre and John Baxter on their final attempt to cross the Nullarbor Plain in 1841. He deserted for a brief time with the other older Aboriginal member of the party, Joey, while the party rested at the sandhills of present-day Eucla, but they returned when they failed to find any food. Several weeks later he proved loyal to Eyre when Joey and Yarry (the other Aboriginal person) murdered Baxter and deserted. Despite the two Aboriginals accosting them and calling for Wylie to join them the following day, Wylie stayed with Eyre for the rest of the journey, impressing the French whalers they met in Rossiter Bay with his voracious appetite.
Joey and Yarry had been taken on by Eyre at Gundagai and Yarry have been the same person as Yarri or Yarree, who saved a large number of Gundagai citizens during the flood of 25 June 1852 and was accused of at least one subsequent murder.
After the completion of the journey, Wylie remained at Albany. He spent a brief time as a native policeman, and also benefited from a government pension procured for him by Eyre, who remained in contact with him for some years afterward.
Eyre's expedition was dramatised in the 1962 Australian radio play Edward John Eyre by Colin Thiele.
# Contention

Contention or contentious may refer to:
* Contention (telecommunications), a media access method to share a broadcast medium
* Contention, Oregon, U.S., later known as Twickenham
* Contention City, Arizona, U.S., a ghost town
* Bus contention, an undesirable state in computer design
* FV4401 Contentious, a prototype British tank destroyer
* Resource contention, in computer science, a conflict over access to a shared resource
# Wzory

Wzory is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Iwaniska, within Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) south-west of Iwaniska, 15 km (9 mi) south-west of Opatów, and 49 km (30 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.
# WÆE

WÆE is a Swedish pop music band. It consists of Mikael Carlsson (formerly of The Honeydrips) and Mathias Nilsson (formerly of Twig). According to the band, their purpose is to combine their love of black metal with their love of dub. Their debut EP "resa till mark" was released 11 January 2011 on Bandcamp.