OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gong Ke

Gong Ke (Chinese: 龚克; born June 1955) is a Chinese electronic engineer and administrator who served as president of Tianjin University from 2006 to 2011 and president of Nankai University from 2011 to 2018. He was an alternate member of the 18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 11th and 12th National People's Congress

## Biography

Gong was born into an official family in Beijing in June 1955, while his ancestral home in Changsha, Hunan. His grandfather Gong Yinbing was a communist revolutionary and politician. His father Gong Yuzhi was a Chinese Communist Party theorist and politician. His mother Sun Xiaoli is a professor at Peking University. During the Cultural Revolution, he worked at the state owned No. 789 Factory between June 1970 and March 1978. He attended Beijing Institute of Technology (now Beijing Institute of Technology) where he received his bachelor's degree in electronic engineering in 1982. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in November 1981. From February 1982 to February 1983, he attended language training at Guangzhou Institute of Foreign Languages (now Guangdong University of Foreign Studies). In 1983, he enrolled at Graz University of Technology, where he earned his doctor's degree in communication and radio wave in 1987. He returned to China in September 1987 and that same year carried out postdoctoral research at Tsinghua University.
After graduation, he stayed at the university and worked as assistant, professor, deputy director, director, and eventually moved up the ranks to become vice president in March 1999. In July 2006, he was promoted to become president of Tianjin University, a position at vice-ministerial level. He became president of Nankai University in January 2011, and served until January 2018. In August 2017, he was proposed as executive president of the newly founded China New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Strategy Research Institute, an academic institution studying artificial intelligence under the jurisdiction of Chinese Academy of Engineering. In November 2019, he was chosen as chairman of World Federation of Engineering Organizations, becoming a Chinese chairman for the first time.

## Honours and awards

* 2001 Foreign academician of Russian Academy of Astronautics
# Orthodox Temples (Transnistria)

Orthodox Temples is the name of a series of commemorative coins issued in Transnistria in 2001 by the Transnistrian Republican Bank.
According to official information from the Bank, the coins were issued in remembrance of the many churches which were "destroyed in times of persecutions" of the Church [during the Soviet time] and, as such, the series was devoted to restored and reconstructed sacred edifices.
The series consists of gold and silver coins featuring images of the following Russian Orthodox churches within the Diocese of Tiraspol (Transnistria):
* Church of the Blessed Virgin's Assumption (Vărăncău village)
* Church of the Blessed Virgin's Protection (Valea Adâncă village)
* Cathedral of God's Ascension (Chiţcani village)
* Cathedral of the Birth of Christ (Tiraspol city)
* Cathedral of Transfiguration (Bender city)
* Church of the Blessed Virgin's Birth (Vadul-Turcului village)
* Church of Paraskeva the Serbian (Zăzuleni village)
* Church of the Lifegiving Trinity (Raşcov village)
* Church of St Michael the Archangel (Stroieşti village)
# Farlington

Farlington may refer to the following places in the United Kingdom:
* Farlington, Hampshire, in the suburbs of Portsmouth
* Farlington, North Yorkshire
# Farley v Skinner

Farley v Skinner [2001] UKHL 49 is an English contract law case, concerning the measure and availability of damages for distress.

## Facts

Mr Farley bought a large estate, Riverside House, in Blackboys, Sussex, not far from Gatwick Airport. It had a croquet lawn, a tennis court, an orchard, a paddock and a swimming pool. It cost £420,000 and after the purchase was complete on 28 February 1991, he spent £125,000 improving it. He also had a flat in London, a house in Brighton and one overseas. He hired Mr Skinner to survey the house, particularly to determine levels of aircraft noise. Skinner reported that the noise was of acceptable level, whereas in reality, at 6 am the noise was intolerable. Holding patterns formed right above the house. This distressed Mr Farley as he often spent early mornings in his garden.
The trial judge held that Mr Farley had paid no more than someone who knew of the noise, so there was no financial loss, but awarded £10,000 for distress and discomfort.

## Court of Appeal

The Court of Appeal agreed with the defendant's challenge to this ruling, stating that no damages could be awarded for mere inconvenience, and physical discomfort was required to justify damages.

## House of Lords

The House of Lords restored the trial judge’s award, because not being put at such inconvenience was an important term.
Lord Scott held that if Mr Farley had known about the aircraft noise he would not have bought the property. He could either claim for being deprived of the contractual benefit (Ruxley Electronics Ltd v Forsyth), or he could claim as having consequential loss on breach of contract (Watts v Morrow). He added that if there had been an appreciable reduction in the house’s market value, he could not recover both, which would have been double recovery. Although £10,000 was ‘on the high side’, the value was within the right range.
   ‘If the cause is no more than disappointment that the contractual obligation has been broken, damages are not recoverable even if the disappointment has led to a complete mental breakdown. But, if the cause of the inconvenience or discomfort is a sensory (sight, touch, hearing, smell, taste) experience, damages can, subject to the remoteness rules, be recovered.’
Referring to the departure of this case from "an ordinary surveyor's contract", Lord Clyde said it was 'the specific provision relating to peacefulness of the property in respect of the aircraft noise which makes the present case out of the ordinary'. The predominant object test was dispensed with, so it was enough that the term broken was known by both parties to have been important (it did not matter whether the purpose of the contract was to provide peace of mind). So it seems surveyors will not ordinarily be liable when a house is defective and causes distress.
# Oreophrynella

Oreophrynella, commonly known as bush toads, is a genus of true toads native to the tepuis of southern Venezuela and adjacent Guyana. The distribution of some species is restricted to a couple of tepuis or even a single tepui, as in the case of Oreophrynella weiassipuensis, which occurs on Wei-Assipu-tepui.

## Description

Species of the genus Oreophrynella are small frogs, less than 26 mm (1.0 in) in snout–vent length. They are characterized by opposable digits of the foot, dorsal skin that bears tubercules, and direct development (i.e., there is no free-living larval stage). The presence of opposable digits, unique among bufonids, in combination with an extension of the interdigital integument and the relative length/orientation of the digits, is likely to be an adaptation to facilitate life on rocky tepui summits and an exaptation to arboreality The genus also displays cranial simplification in the form of cranial fontanelles and absence of the quadratojugal, which may be driven by a reduction of developmental costs, increase in flexibility, and reduction of body weight. The cranial simplification combined with the shortening of the vertebral column and shift towards a partly firmisternal girdle may be adaptations to the peculiar tumbling behaviour displayed by Oreophrynella.

## Species

The following species are recognised in the genus Oreophrynella:
| Binomial name and author | Common name |
| Oreophrynella cryptica Señaris, 1995 | |
| Oreophrynella dendronastes Lathrop & MacCulloch, 2007 | Waterfall toad |
| Oreophrynella huberi Diego-Aransay and Gorzula, 1990 | Bolivar bush toad |
| Oreophrynella macconnelli Boulenger, 1900 | MacConnell's bush toad |
| Oreophrynella nigra Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1994 | Pebble toad |
| Oreophrynella quelchii Boulenger, 1895 | Roraima bush toad |
| Oreophrynella seegobini Kok, 2009 | |
| Oreophrynella vasquezi Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1994 | |
| Oreophrynella weiassipuensis Señaris, DoNascimento, and Villarreal, 2005 | |
# Empress cicada

The empress cicada (Megapomponia imperatoria) is a species of cicada from Southeast Asia. It is the largest species of cicada with a head-body length of about 7 cm (2.8 in) and a wingspan of 18–20 cm (7–8 in).
# Emily Parker

Emily J. Parker FRSNZ is a New Zealand bio-organic chemist and academic. She is Professor of Chemical Biology at Victoria University of Wellington.

## Academic career

Parker has a BSc from the University of Canterbury. She completed her PhD at the University of Cambridge in 1996 and stayed on there as a research fellow. Parker then returned to New Zealand to take up a position at Massey University. In 2006 she transferred to the University of Canterbury and remained there until June 2017 when she was appointed as full professor at the Ferrier Research Institute within the Victoria University of Wellington.

## Honours and recognition

Parker received the NZ Institute of Chemistry's Easterfield Award in 2005 and the New Zealand Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Award for Research Excellence in 2008. In 2010 she received the Award for Sustained Excellence in Tertiary Teaching from Ako Aotearoa.
In 2018 Parker was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand.

## Selected works

* Oliver W Sterritt; Eric J M Lang; Sarah A Kessans; Timothy M Ryan; Borries Demeler; Geoff Jameson; Emily Parker (17 October 2018). "Structural and functional characterisation of the entry point to pyocyanin biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa defines a new 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase subclass". Bioscience Reports. 38 (5). doi:10.1042/BSR20181605. ISSN 0144-8463. PMC 6435475. PMID 30242059. Wikidata Q64970001.
* Wanting Jiao; Gerd Mittelstädt; Gert-Jan Moggré; Emily J Parker (9 April 2019). "Hinge Twists and Population Shifts Deliver Regulated Catalysis for ATP-PRT in Histidine Biosynthesis". Biophysical Journal. 116 (10): 1887–1897. doi:10.1016/J.BPJ.2019.03.040. ISSN 0006-3495. PMID 31053263. Wikidata Q91748354.
* Wanting Jiao; Yifei Fan; Nicola J Blackmore; Emily Parker (26 March 2020). "A single amino acid substitution uncouples catalysis and allostery in an essential biosynthetic enzyme in Mycobacterium tuberculosis". Journal of Biological Chemistry. doi:10.1074/JBC.RA120.012605. ISSN 0021-9258. PMC 7212630. PMID 32217694. Wikidata Q90689425.
* Wanting Jiao; Eric Jm Lang; Yu Bai; Yifei Fan; Emily J Parker (30 July 2020). "Diverse allosteric componentry and mechanisms control entry into aromatic metabolite biosynthesis". Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 65: 159–167. doi:10.1016/J.SBI.2020.06.015. ISSN 0959-440X. PMID 32739636. Wikidata Q98187054.
# Encinas de Abajo

Encinas de Abajo is a village and municipality in the province of Salamanca, Spain, which is part of the autonomous community of Castile-Leon. It is located 17 kilometres (11 mi) from the provincial capital city of Salamanca, and had a population in 2016 of 666.

## Geography

The municipality covers an area of 201 km$^2$ (78 sq mi) and lies 796 metres (2,612 ft) above sea level. The postal code is 37182.

## Economy

* The basis of the economy is agriculture.
# Emunah

Emunah was a monthly Jewish magazine published in Brooklyn, New York. The publisher was Emunah of America, which is a women's Zionist company. It targeted the Orthodox Jewish community, featuring articles of interest to Jewish families, current issues and national news. The last magazine issue published was Spring 2016.
"Emunah" (אמונה) is also a Hebrew word with the meaning 'faith'; however, in Western culture, the concept of faith generally places the action upon the subject rather than its object, as in 'faith in God'. This is passive by nature. In Jewish culture, it is action oriented involving active support, and places the action upon the object, as in 'support God'.
# En Thangai

En Thangai may refer to:
* En Thangai (1952 film), a 1952 Tamil-language film starring M. G. Ramachandran
* En Thangai (1989 film), a 1989 Tamil-language Indian feature film
* En Thangai Kalyani, a 1990 Tamil-language Indian feature film
* En Thangai (TV series), 2015 TV show
# En Thangai (TV series)

En Thangai (transl. My Sister) is an Indian Tamil-language soap opera that aired Monday through Saturday on Raj TV from 4 May 2015 to 2 January 2016 at 6:30PM IST for 188 episodes. The show starred Pandiarajan, Ramya, Anu Mohan, Lakshmi Raj and among others. It was produced by produced by RR Telefilms and directed by Mangai Arirajan.

## Cast

* Pandiarajan
* Ramya
* Anu Mohan
* Lakshmi Raj
* Vasavi
* Madhuriya
* Vishwa
* Renukha
* Apsal
* Uma
* Makima
* Sathiyan
* Sumathi Sri
* Thanush
* Puspalatha
* Dhurai

## International broadcast

* In Sri Lanka Tamil Channel on Nethra TV.
* In Canada Tamil Channel on Tamil Entertainment Television.
# Matthew Bradley

Matthew Bradley or Matt Bradley may refer to:

## Sports

* Matt Bradley (born 1978), Canadian ice hockey player
* Matt Bradley (American football) (1960–2002), American football player
* Matt Bradley (basketball) (born 1999), American college basketball player

## Others

* Matthew Bradley, actor in the 1975 film Next Door
* Matt Bradley (The Goldbergs), character on the U.S. TV series The Goldbergs based on a real person
# Emperatriz

Emperatriz may refer to:
* Emperatriz (Mexican TV series), a 2011 telenovela
* Emperatriz (Venezuelan TV series), a 1990 telenovela
# Matthew Luscombe

Matthew Henry Thornhill Luscombe (1776–1846) was a Scottish Anglican bishop in Europe.

## Life

He was the son of Samuel Luscombe, physician at Exeter, and his wife Jane. He was educated at Exeter grammar school and at Catharine Hall, Cambridge, where he graduated B.A. 1798 and M.A. 1805. He was curate at Clewer, Windsor, and from 1806 to 1819 was master of the East India Company College at Hertford Heath, holding also the curacy of St. Andrew's, Hertford. Walter Farquhar Hook was one of his pupils there, and became an intimate friend. On 20 January 1810 he was incorporated M.A. of Oxford, joining Exeter College and proceeding B.C.L. 1 February 1810, and D.C.L. two days later. In 1819 he moved to Caen, and subsequently to Paris.
In 1824, George Canning decided to appoint Luscombe embassy chaplain in Paris, and also general superintendent at the same time of the Anglican congregations on the continent. But he shortly afterwards assented to a proposal made by Hook, that the bishops of the Scottish Episcopal Church should consecrate Luscombe to a continental bishopric; and so on 20 March 1825 Luscombe was consecrated at Stirling. In the course of the same year he assumed the office of chaplain at Paris, a post he retained until his death. Instead of the room at the embassy or the French Protestant Oratoire in which services had been held, he erected in 1834, mostly at his own cost, a church in the Rue d'Aguesseau. He officiated at William Makepeace Thackeray's marriage in Paris in 1836.
Luscombe died suddenly of heart disease at Lausanne, 24 August 1846, and was buried at La Sallaz cemetery. On June 30 1804, at St. George's, Hanover Square, he had married Susannah Dawes, the daughter of Henry Harwood, commissioner of the navy, by whom he had a son (who predeceased him) and two daughters. He left a bequest for divinity scholarships at Glenalmond College, Perthshire.

## Works

Luscombe held high-church principles. He was one of the founders in 1841 of the Christian Remembrancer. He published:
* Sermon on Adultery, London 1801.
* Sermons from the French (translations), 1825.
* The Church of Rome compared with the Bible, the Fathers of the Church, and the Church of England, 1839. This was translated into French, and a reply appeared in 1842 by Alessandro Zeloni: Concordance des Écritures, des Pères et des conciles des cinq premiers siècles avec la doctrine de l'Église catholique romaine, ou Réponse à l'ouvrage de M. Luscomb, évêque anglican.
* Pleasures of Society, a poem (anon.)
# Maurice de Hond

Maurice de Hond (born 8 October 1947) is a Dutch pollster and entrepreneur. He is the founder of the Steve JobsSchool, an elementary school which gives each student an iPad to encourage individualized learning. As of 2016, 35 public schools in the Netherlands adopted the school model. Two Steve JobsSchools opened in South Africa in 2016. The schools closed after a negative report by government educational inspectors found that students who graduated the schools were lacking severely in educational skills and the foundation running the schools declared bankruptcy in 2018.

## Career

Born in Amsterdam, De Hond studied human geography at the University of Amsterdam, obtaining a degree in 1971. He worked for the university, as assistant with the Sociaal Geografisch Instituut, but became a project leader for Interview-NSS in 1973. He founded Cebeon with Hedy d'Ancona in 1975, a market research firm targeting the non-profit sector, which he left in 1980 to become a director at Interview-NSS, later a commissioner until 1999. Starting in the mid-80s, De Hond started doing consultancy work for various companies, including Vendex (for which he led the computer department Microcomputer Club Nederland (MCN) of the Vroom & Dreesmann department store and the Dixons electricals store in the 1980s), ITT and Wegener. In 1998, he was one of the founders of Newconomy, an internet start-up, which after a stock exchange listing in 2000, saw a market cap of €400 million, but subsequently lost much of its market value. Eventually, De Hond had to resign from his leadership position. He now polls through his own company, and internet site Peil.nl.

## Deventer murder case

Since 2005, De Hond campaigned to reopen a murder case that happened in the Dutch city of Deventer. De Hond believed that a tax advisor named Ernest Louwes was wrongfully convicted, and that a handyman of the murdered woman, Michaël de Jong, was behind the murder. De Hond led his own investigation into the matter, but a subsequent investigation by the public prosecutors found no reason to reopen the case. De Jong brought De Hond to court over his allegations, for which De Hond refused to submit after the matter was closed. A Dutch court found De Hond at fault in continuation of his allegations, after which De Hond was reprimanded and forced to pay de Jong and his girlfriend over €100,000.
# Enlow

Enlow may refer to:
* Enlow, Pennsylvania
* Enlow (band)
* Blayne Enlow, born 1999
# Mauritius Institute of Training and Development

The Mauritius Institute of Training and Development is an institute of pre-vocational and vocational education in Mauritius. The institute offers technical and vocational education and training (TVET) courses at the secondary and tertiary levels of education, as well as training for professional certifications in a number of subjects.
The institute also offers education and training options for early school leavers. Previously the institute offered the National Trade Certificate Foundation (NTC F) course for early school leavers who failed to complete primary school and earn the Certificate of Primary Education. However, this course option has been gradually phased out and replaced with a programme of study of four years of pre-vocational education.
# Maurycy Stanisław Potocki

Count Maurycy Stanisław Potocki (Pilawa coat of arms) was born on May 16, 1894, in his family real estate of Jabłonna near Warsaw, Congress Poland. He was a member of the House of Potocki: his father was August Potocki, and his great-grandfather was Aleksander Stanisław Potocki. Maurycy Stanisław died on May 16, 1949, in London.
In 1906, after the death of his father, young Maurycy inherited the estates of Jabłonna, Nieporęt and Białobrzegi, with total area of 7800 hectares. Before the outbreak of World War I, he studied in England, but failed to complete the studies. During the war, Potocki fought in Polish I Corps in Russia, under General Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki. As a Colonel of 1st Uhlan Regiment, he fought in Polish–Ukrainian War and Polish–Soviet War.
In the Second Polish Republic, Potocki officially stayed away from politics, but was a well-known figure in Warsaw society. He co-created the Polish Automobile Club, participated in car races, and had a collection of race cars. Also, he was a prominent member of the Polish Hunting Association: during hunting trips, Potocki met a number of foreign dignitaries, including Hermann Göring and Count Galeazzo Ciano. In 1926 he presented two paintings by Canaletto to Royal Castle, Warsaw. In 1922, Potocki founded Glass Factory Jablonna, which employed 250 people, and which provided him with the bulk of the income.
In September 1939, during the Invasion of Poland, Potocki was a member of Warsaw's Citizen Guard (Straz Obywatelska), and during the war, with permission of the Home Army, maintained contacts with German officials, based on his prewar relations. He frequently intervened with occupation authorities, asking them for release of Polish activists. After one of such interventions, in August 1942, Władysław Studnicki was freed. A tenement house in Warsaw, which belonged to Potocki, and which housed a restaurant “Za Kotara” was a contact office of the 5th Department of Home Army Headquarters.
After the Warsaw Uprising Potocki went to Ojców near Kraków. In March 1945 he was arrested by Communist Urzad Bezpieczenstwa, and sent to a prison in Kielce. In August 1945, the Kielce prison was captured by a unit of Antoni Heda (see Cursed soldiers), and Potocki was released. In autumn 1945 he illegally left Poland, and settled in London, where he died in 1949.
Potocki was awarded the Virtuti Militari 5th Class, and Cross of Valour (twice). He had two wives: Teresa née Woroniecka (married 1914, divorced 1928), and Maria née Gasiorowska (married 1929), and daughter Natalia, born 1929.

## Sources

* Wojciech Roszkowski, Potocki Maurycy Stanisław (1894–1949), właściciel Jabłonny, w: Polski Słownik Biograficzny, tom XXVIII (redaktor naczelny Emanuel Rostworowski), Wrocław 1984–1985
# Endodonta apiculata

Endodonta apiculata is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Endodontidae, an endemic family of land snails from the Hawaiian islands.

## Conservation status

This species is critically endangered and may perhaps already be extinct, mainly because of habitat loss due to human development.

## Distribution

It is (or was) found only in Kauai, Hawaii, United States.
# Endodonta

Endodonta is a genus of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Endodontidae, an endemic family of land snails from the Hawaiian islands.

## Species

Species within the genus Endodonta include:
* Endodonta apiculata (Ancey 1899)
* Endodonta binaria (L. Pfeiffer, 1856)
* Endodonta christenseni Slapcinsky, Yeung & Hayes, 2020
* Endodonta concentrata (Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1905)
* Endodonta ekahanuiensis (Solem, 1976)
* Endodonta fricki (L. Pfeiffer, 1858)
* Endodonta kalaeloana Christensen, 1982
* Endodonta kamehameha (Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1905)
* Endodonta lamellosa (Férussac, 1824)
* Endodonta laminata (Pease, 1866)
* Endodonta marsupialis Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1905
* Endodonta rugata (Pease, 1866)
# Mautodontha boraborensis

Mautodontha boraborensis is a species of gastropod in the family Charopidae. It is endemic to French Polynesia.
# Mautner

Mautner is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Amora Mautner (born 1975), International Emmy-nominated Brazilian television director and former actress
* Friederich Ignaz Mautner (1921–2001) was an Austrian-American mathematician
* Jorge Mautner (born 1941) Brazilian singer-songwriter, violinist, actor, screenwriter
* Menachem Mautner, Professor of Comparative Civil Law and Jurisprudence at the Tel Aviv University
* Michael N. Mautner (born 1942), researcher in physical chemistry, astrobiology and astroecology
* Wilhelm Mautner (1889–1944), Austrian-German economist