OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Moniliformin

Moniliformin is the organic compound with the formula M[C$_4$HO$_3$] (M$^+$ = K$^+$ or Na$^+$). Both the sodium and potassium salts are generally hydrated, e.g. . In terms of its structure, it is the alkali metal salt of the conjugate base of 3-hydroxy-1,2-cyclobutenedione (the enolate of 1,2,3-cyclobutanetrione), a planar molecule related to squaric acid. It is an unusual mycotoxin, a feed contaminant that is lethal to fowl, especially ducklings.
Moniliformin is formed in many cereals by a number of Fusarium species that include Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium subglutinans, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium fujikuroi and others. It is mainly cardiotoxic and causes ventricular hypertrophy.

## Biochemistry

Moniliformin actually causes competitive inhibition of the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of respiratory reaction, which prevents pyruvic acid, product of glycolysis, to convert to acetyl-CoA. Ultrastructural examination of right ventricular wall of 9 month old female mink (Mustela vison) fed acute doses of moniliformin (2.2 and 2.8 mg/kg diet) and sub-acute doses (1.5 to 3.2 mg/kg diet) reveals significant damage to myofiber, mitochondria, Z and M lines and sarcoplasmic reticulum as well as increased extracellular collagen deposition. Minks are considered most sensitive mammals to the toxicity of moniliformin. Chemically speaking, it is the sodium salt of deoxysquaric acid (the other name of that acid is semisquaric acid).

## Physicochemical information

Moniliformin is soluble in water and polar solvents, such as methanol.
λ$_{max}$: 226 nm and 259 nm in methanol.
# Moniligastridae

Moniligastridae is a family of earthworms native to South and Eastern Asia, containing around 200 species and five genera.

## Genera

* Desmogaster Rosa, 1890
* Drawida Michaelsen, 1900
* Eupolygaster Michaelsen, 1900
* Hastirogaster Gates, 1930
* Moniligaster Perrier, 1872
# Fork, South Carolina

Fork is an unincorporated community in Dillon County, South Carolina, United States. Fork is located at the junction of South Carolina Highway 41 and South Carolina Highway 57, 10.4 miles (16.7 km) south-southeast of Dillon. Fork has a post office with ZIP code 29543.
# Fort Church (Rhode Island)

Fort Church was a World War II United States Army coastal defense fort in Little Compton, Rhode Island. Together with Fort Greene near Point Judith, it superseded all previous heavy gun defenses in the Harbor Defenses of Narragansett Bay.

## History

Fort Church was built as part of a general modernization of US coast defenses that began in 1940 with the outbreak of war in Europe and the Fall of France. The fort was named for Colonel Benjamin Church (1639–1718), considered a forerunner of the United States Army Rangers and buried in Little Compton. The goal was to replace all previous heavy weapons, many of which were over 35 years old, with long-range 16"/50 caliber Mark 2 guns. Lighter weapons would be replaced by 6-inch guns on high-angle shielded barbette carriages. Ammunition magazines and the 16-inch guns would be in casemated bunkers to protect against air attack. Fort Church also had a rare casemated 8-inch gun battery.
The fort was intended to protect the approaches to Narragansett Bay and its easternmost arm, called the Sakonnet River, as part of the Harbor Defenses of Narragansett Bay. It was mirrored by Fort Greene near Point Judith.
Three reservations were acquired for Fort Church 1939–1942, which was initially named the Sakonnet Point Military Reservation. The North Reservation was at the Sakonnet Golf Club, the East Reservation was near Briggs Marsh and South Main Road, and the South Reservation was near Sakonnet Point itself. Battery Gray, or Battery Construction Number (BCN) 107, was on the North Reservation and had two 16-inch guns. Battery Reilly was on the East Reservation with two casemated 8-inch guns. BCN 212 with two 6-inch guns was on the South Reservation, along with two "Panama mounts" (circular concrete platforms) for towed 155 mm guns.
Battery Gray was named for Major Quinn Gray. Battery Reilly was named for Captain Henry J. Reilly (1845–1900), who was killed at Peking, China in the Boxer Rebellion.
In 1948, with the war over, Fort Church's guns were scrapped along with almost all other US coast artillery weapons.

## Present

The batteries at Fort Church have all been buried or built over.
# Formoso River (Goiás)

The Formoso River is a river of Goiás state in central Brazil.
# Formothion

Formothion (chemical formula: C$_6$H$_{12}$NO$_4$PS$_2$) is a chemical compound with obsolete uses in acaricides and insecticides.
# Montaut, Landes

Montaut (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in south-western France.
# Montaut, Ariège

Montaut (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Ariège department in southwestern France.
# Wrząca

Wrząca may refer to the following places:
* Wrząca, Pabianice County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Wrząca, Sieradz County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Wrząca, Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Wrząca, Czarnków-Trzcianka County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Wrząca, Kalisz County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Wrząca, Turek County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Wrząca, Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland)
# Glenn Holgersson

Glenn Holgersson (born 5 November 1979) is a former Swedish footballer, last playing for FC Rosengård.

## Career

He has primarily played left back or centre back. He played for Kirseberg IF, Malmö FF, Höllvikens GIF and IFK Malmö, before joining Malmö FF for a second time. From 2006 to 2009 he played for Örebro SK; he then joined FC Rosengård.
# Crinigera

Crinigera is a genus of fungi in the division Ascomycota. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the phylum is unknown (incertae sedis), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Crinigera maritima. Crinigera maritima is a marine ascomycota fungus species with characteristic appendaged cleistothecia and ascospores that cling onto substrates of wood, algae, or sand. It is found in the mesohaline zone of many different coastal countries. It has been mistaken for a new fungal species Dryosphaera navigans and has yet to be assigned to a class, order, or family.

## Taxonomy

Crinigera maritima was first described by I. Schmidt in 1969, who suspected the species belongs to either the Plectascales or Erysiphales families. There is ongoing debate of the classification beyond the subphylum level. After re-examination Crinigera maritima type material, Koch and Jones concluded that Schmidt described two different species to be Crinigera maritima. They renamed Crinigera maritima Schmidt-paratype 214 to Dryosphaera navigans.

## Description

The globose, light brown cleistothecial ascocarp is 310-324 μm with a 30-36 μm subiculum that attaches to the substrate. The cleistothecia have branched short appendages, a defining characteristic. Thick walled asci and paraphyses (1) make up the hymenium. The two-celled, cylindrical ascospores have appendages that have been described as hair-like.

## Habitat and distribution

This species was initially found growing on Fucus vesiculosus (commonly known as bladder wrack algae) in the Baltic Sea. Ascocarps have been observed growing on driftwood, sand, and algae. Crinigera maritima has also been found in Japan, Denmark, Sri Lanka, Seychelles, Brunei, Brazil, and on the west coast of India. It is an obligate marine fungus.

## Ecology

A study in India about fungi that grow on driftwood observed Crinigera maritima as the highest frequency of occurrence (61.4%) compared to other common marine fungi in that region. Another study in India looked at 3327 wood samples and discovered Crinigera maritima in the top five most frequent fungi (10% appearance). The appendages of the ascospores and cleistothecia allow for strong attachment to the substrate.
# Cosmo Alexander

Cosmo Alexander (1724 – 25 August 1772) was a Scottish portrait painter. A supporter of James Edward Stuart's claim to the English and Scottish thrones, Alexander spent much of his life overseas following the defeat of the Jacobite cause in 1745.

## Biography

Alexander was the son of John Alexander, a painter and engraver from Aberdeen, and was named Cosmo after Cosmo Gordon, son of the Jacobite Duke of Gordon. In 1745 he took part in the Jacobite Rising, which concluded with the defeat of Bonnie Prince Charlie at Culloden in January 1746.
Like many other prominent Jacobites he fled to Europe, arriving in Rome in 1747. He was commissioned to paint Bonnie Prince Charlie, and continued to paint portraits of the exiled Jacobites as he traveled through Italy and then France over the following years. He settled in London in 1754, where the architect James Gibbs, his friend and fellow Scots Catholic, had left him a house. Over the following decade he worked in London, Scotland and the Netherlands, joining the Incorporated Society of Artists in 1765.
In 1766 Alexander moved to Philadelphia and painted portraits of the Scottish communities of the American colonies. In 1768, William Franklin, the Royal Governor of New Jersey, invited Alexander to his mansion in Burlington to do commission work. The next year, in Newport, Rhode Island, Alexander took on an assistant named Gilbert Stuart, who was then 14 years old. Alexander and Stuart traveled in the southern states, and in 1771 Alexander returned with Stuart to Scotland. Stuart planned to continue his studies under Alexander, but the elder painter died in Edinburgh the following year on 25 August 1772.

## Legacy

A fictional lost painting by Cosmo Alexander is a plot point in the 1927 novella The Case of Charles Dexter Ward by horror writer HP Lovecraft. In the story, Alexander is described as being "a painter worthy of the Scotland that produced Henry Raeburn, and a teacher worthy of his illustrious pupil Gilbert Stuart."

## Gallery

* Self-Portrait, Aberdeen Art Gallery
* Alexander's portrait of Bonnie Prince Charlie, painted in Rome and now in the collection of the Stirling Smith Museum and Art Gallery
* Alexander's portrait of George Keith, 5th Earl Marischal, painted in 1742 and now in the collection of the University of Aberdeen
* Portrait of the Countess of Findlater, 1756, Aberdeen Art Gallery
* Portrait of Rev. William Wilson of Airlie, Perth, 1761, Aberdeen Art Gallery
* Capt. James Parker, by Cosmo Alexander, 1771
* Margaret Parker (nee Elligood), by Cosmo Alexander, 1771
# Elizabeth Khaxas

Elizabeth Khaxas (born 1960) is a Namibian writer and activist.
Khaxas ran Sister Namibia from 1998 to 2004. After leaving Sister Namibia, she founded the Women's Leadership Centre.
Khaxas and her partner were also part of the Frank and Khaxas v Chairperson of the Immigration Selection Board court case in Namibia, which tried to obtain legal recognition of same-sex relationships in Namibia.
# Eva Sinclair

Eva Sinclair may refer to:
* Eva Sinclair (violinist) on My Happiness (album)
* Eva Sinclair, fictional character in Under the Dome (TV series)
* Eva Sinclair, fictional character in The Originals (TV series)
# Marvin Camras

Marvin Camras (January 1, 1916 – June 23, 1995) was an electrical engineer and inventor who was widely influential in the field of magnetic recording.
Camras built his first recording device, a wire recorder, in the 1930s for a cousin who was an aspiring opera singer named Willy. He also built Willy a telephone, because he could not afford one, at the age of 8. Shortly afterwards he discovered that using magnetic tape made the process of splicing and storing recordings easier.
Camras's work attracted the notice of his professors at what became Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) and was offered a position at Armour Research Foundation (which merged with Lewis Institute in 1940 to become IIT) to develop his work.
Before and during World War II Camras' wire recorders were used by the armed forces to train pilots. They were also used for disinformation purposes: battle sounds were recorded and amplified and the recordings placed where the D-Day invasion was not going to take place. This work was kept secret until after the war.
In June 1944 he was awarded U.S. patent 2,351,004, titled "Method and Means of Magnetic Recording". In all, Camras received more than 500 patents, largely in the field of electronic communications.
Camras received a bachelor's degree in 1940 and a master's degree in 1942, both in electrical engineering, from IIT. In 1968, the institution awarded him an honorary doctorate.
In May 1962 Camras wrote a speculative prediction paper titled "Magnetic recording and reproduction - 2012 A.D.". In his paper Camras predicted the existence of mass-produced portable media players he described as memory packs the size of a package of playing cards holding up to 10$^{20}$ bits of information. Such devices would not have any mechanical moving parts and would store both sound and movies. He also predicted music and movie downloads, online shopping, access to online encyclopedias and newspapers and the widespread use of online banking transactions.
Camras built his own house by hand, doing everything except laying the foundation. He also built a bomb shelter in this house.
In recognition of his achievements, he received the National Medal of Technology award in 1990.
Marvin Camras died of kidney failure at the age of 79 in Evanston, Illinois.
# Tojolabal

Tojolabal or Tojolabʼal may refer to:
* Tojolabal people, an ethnic group of Mexico
* Tojolabʼal language, a Mayan language
# Puccinia sparganioides

Puccinia sparganioides is a parasitic fungus that causes rust disease on plants, including Spartina alterniflora.
# Puccinia subnitens

Puccinia subnitens is a fungal species and plant pathogen that causes rust on Beta vulgaris. It was originally found on Distichlis spicata in Montana, USA.
# Purl (disambiguation)

Purl or wormwood ale is a drink.
Purl may also refer to:
* Persistent uniform resource locator
* Personalized Uniform Resource Locator
* Linda Purl, an American actress
* Purl stitch (knitting)
* Purl (film), a 2019 animated short by Pixar Animation Studios
* A character in Bitz & Bob, the one that have rollerskates.
# Tokelauan cuisine

Tokelauan cuisine (Meakai tokelau) is the culinary traditions and practices of the island nation of Tokelau.

## Ingredients

The original food crops of the Tokelauans were coconut (niu), pandanus (fala), noni (nonu), dyer's fig (mati) and arrowroot (māhoā) Of these, coconut and pandanus fruit were considered the major food crops while noni, dyer's fig and arrowroot were considered famine food, eaten only during times of scarcity. Coconut in particular was a very important component of the diet, making up the majority of the Tokelauans energy intake. The coconut drupe was prepared and consumed in various forms, the meat, milk and oil are all used extensively in many meal preparations. Sap from the cut flower spathe was also collected and is consumed as a beverage or boiled down into a red syrup (kaleve kukula) that was used as a sweetener for various dishes.

## Foods and dishes

* Lolo fala; a pudding made from pandanus fruit pulp and coconut cream, sometimes thickened with starch.
* Ota; a raw fish dish.
* 'otai; a drink made from grated coconut meat, milk and water mixed together.
* Puleleti; a confection made from desiccated coconut and coconut syrup rolled into balls.
* Puta; a round doughnut.
* Tatuna; coconut cream residue separated during the process of making coconut oil, usually formed into balls and eaten with pandanus fruit.
* Tupelepele; a gelatinous food made from grated coconut meat and coconut water, thickened with starch.
* Vaihalo; a porridge made from coconut.
# Purcell Room

The Purcell Room is a concert and performance venue which forms part of the Southbank Centre, one of central London's leading cultural complexes. It is named after the 17th century English composer Henry Purcell and has 370 seats. The Purcell Room has hosted a wide range of chamber music, jazz, mime and poetry recitals. In the context of the Southbank Centre it is the smallest of a set of three venues, the other two being the Royal Festival Hall, a large symphony hall, and the Queen Elizabeth Hall (QEH), which is used for orchestral, chamber and contemporary amplified music.
The Purcell Room was built at the same time as the Queen Elizabeth Hall, with which it shared a common foyer building and architectural features as an example of Brutalist architecture. The focus of the building is its interior space and it makes few concessions to external decoration. From outside, even its position within Southbank Centre is not easy to discern. The Queen Elizabeth Hall and Purcell Room were designed, with The Hayward, as additions to the Southbank Centre arts complex by Hubert Bennett, head of the architects department of the Greater London Council, with Jack Whittle, F.G West and Geoffrey Horsefall.
The venue was temporarily closed in September 2015, for major renovations, and re-opened in 2018.

## Architecture

The Purcell Room stands between the Queen Elizabeth Hall (QEH) auditorium and The Hayward, aligned parallel to Waterloo Bridge, with the stage backing on to the side of the QEH auditorium (the north-west end). The auditorium is cantilevered out over the centre access road and its rear façade faces the entrance to The Hayward. The auditorium is reported to be fitted with a Helmholtz resonator to allow its acoustic properties to be modified.
The access link from the foyer building (shared with the QEH) is through a massive sculpted concrete casing, visible from outside the entrance to The Hayward, near the overhead bridge. The artists' foyer is between the Purcell Room and QEH auditoriums at ground level.
The treatment of the ventilation services is an early example of the external treatment of such equipment. This idea later reached a peak in the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris and Lloyd's building in London in the 1970s and 80s respectively.
The roof of the building, which is supported independently of the auditorium, holds the plant room for both the QEH and the Purcell Room. The plant room's three massive vents are housed high above the walkway near the entrance to the Hayward and also towards the Waterloo Bridge side of the north corner of the roof. Large concrete ducts lead from the plant room: vertically to the foyer building below via the mysterious concrete tower, and horizontally to the QEH auditorium.
# Pycnorhachis

Pycnorhachis is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The only species is Pycnorhachis maingayi.
Its native range is Peninsula Malaysia.
# Pycnosphaera

Pycnosphaera is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gentianaceae. The only species is Pycnosphaera buchananii.
Its native range is Tropical Africa to Botswana.
# Pycnora

Pycnora is a genus of fungi in the monotypic family Pycnoraceae. It contains three species. The genus was circumscribed by Josef Hafellner in 2001; the family was proposed by Mika Bendiksby and Einar Timdal in 2013.
Characteristics of the Pycnoraceae are the lecideine, black apothecia that consistently have asci with eight simple ascospores. The secondary chemistry of the family features dibenzofurans, particularly alectorialic acid.
# Purnima Pandey

Purnima Pandey (born 16 October 1997) is an Indian weightlifter. Purnima Pandey created eight national records on the way to a gold in the women's +87 kg category at the 2021 Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships at Tashkent. In July 2022 she placed sixth in the women's +87 kg weightlifting event at the 2022 Commonwealth Games.
# Blue Army

Blue Army may refer to:
* Blue Army (Poland), the Polish army unit
* Blue Army (Russia), the armed peasant group
* Blue Army of Our Lady of Fátima, the Catholic lay organization
* Blue Army (Aerosmith), Aerosmith fans
* Ipswich Town F.C., nickname for Ipswich Town football club fans
* Leicester City F.C., nickname for the football club
# Blue Arc

Blue Arc may refer to
* the Daegu Stadium
* BlueArc - a company manufacturing Network-attached storage devices
# Titaea timur

Titaea timur is a moth of the family Saturniidae. It is only known from Misahualli in Ecuador.
# Pyrausta thibetalis

Pyrausta thibetalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Oberthür in 1886. It is found in China (Sichuan).
# Blow the Chinks Down!

"Blow the Chinks Down!" is a Sailor Steve Costigan short story by Robert E. Howard. It was originally published in the October 1931 issue of Action Stories.
# Titan 2 (disambiguation)

Titan 2 or Titan II may refer to:
* LGM-25C Titan II, a U.S. intercontinental ballistic missile
* Titan II (rocket), a U.S. space launch rocket series developed from the ICBM
* HTC Titan II, a smartphone
* Kudo3d Titan 2, a desktop 3-D printer
* Titan 2.0, a videogame engine
* MG-332 Titan-2, a sonar system equipped on Soviet Kanin-class destroyer
* Titan 2 (recovery ship) [wikidata], a Sudoimport recovery crane ship; see List of vessels built at Crichton-Vulcan and Wärtsilä Turku shipyards
* Titan 2 (construction ship) [wikidata; uk], a KS Energy construction support ship
# Monocreagra orthyades

Monocreagra orthyades is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1893. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.
# Ruston

Ruston may refer to:

## Place names
### United States

* Ruston, Louisiana
* Ruston, Washington

### United Kingdom

* East Ruston, Norfolk, England
* Ruston, North Yorkshire, England
* Ruston Parva, East Riding of Yorkshire, England

## Companies

* Ruston (engine builder) (or Ruston, Proctor and Company), railway locomotive and industrial equipment manufacturer in Lincoln, England
** Ruston & Hornsby, descendant of Ruston, Proctor & Co.
** Ruston-Bucyrus, manufacturer of steam shovels and cranes

## People
### Given name

* Ruston Kelly, American musician and songwriter
* Ruston Webster, NFL general manager

### Surname

* Abigail Ruston, American shot putter
* Anne Ruston, Australian politician
* Audrey Hepburn (born Audrey Kathleen Ruston), Belgian-born British actress
* John Ruston (bishop), South African Anglican bishop
* Joseph Ruston, English engineer and politician
* Nicolas Ruston, English artist
* Dick Ruston, Canadian politician

## Other

* Camp Ruston, American prisoner of war camp
* Ruston Way Park, park in Tacoma, Washington, United States
# Glenn Holtzman

Glenn D. Holtzman (October 9, 1930 – May 6, 1980) was a professional American football defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He played four seasons for the Los Angeles Rams (1955–1958).
* This biographical article relating to an American football defensive lineman born in the 1930s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Crininae

Crininae is one of four subtribes within the tribe Amaryllideae (subfamily Amaryllidoideae, family Amaryllidaceae), with a pantropical distribution (Crinum) and also sub-Saharan Africa.

## Description

Leaves frequently show an intercalary meristem and are usually fringed with cartilaginous teeth. The leaf apices are also often truncate (cut off). The flowers may be actinomorphic to zygomorphic, with a perigone tube with free stamens. The fruit is indehiscent, irregular, and often rostellate (rosetted). The scape does not abscise (shed) during seed dispersal, with the exception of Ammocharis longifolia where it detaches at ground level. The seeds also lack an integument, but are endosperm-rich and partially chlorophyllous with cork-covering.

## Taxonomy
### Phylogeny

Crininae are phylogenetically placed within the Amaryllideae as follows:

## Subdivision

As circumscribed by Meerow et al. (2001), there were three genera (Species), although the precise relationship between Cybistetes and Amocharis has been problematic, having been segregated in 1939 but later restored in 2007, submerging Cybistetes within Ammocharis as A. longifolia:
Genera (species):
* Crinum (65)
* Ammocharis (6)

## Distribution

The subtribe is widespread in the tropics (pantropical) and sub-Saharan Africa.