OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# North Australian, Ipswich and General Advertiser

The North Australian, Ipswich and General Advertiser was the first newspaper published in Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. It was commonly called the North Australian as those words appeared most prominently on its masthead.

## History
### The North Australian, Ipswich and General Advertiser

The first edition was published on 2 October 1855. The owners were Edmund John Bays and Arthur Charles Bays. The editor until about 1858 was Arthur Sidney Lyon. The last edition published was on 29 April 1862.

### The North Australian and Queensland General Advertiser

It was replaced by the North Australian and Queensland General Advertiser owned by Richard Bedford which published its first edition on 1 May 1862 through to its last edition on 12 September 1863. Despite the removal of the word Ipswich in its title, the newspaper was still published in Ipswich.

### The North Australian

It was followed by The North Australian published by Randal McDonnell. Its first edition was published on 15 September 1863 and its last on 25 March 1865. Unlike its predecessors, it was published in Brisbane.

## Digital preservation

Most editions of these newspapers are available through the National Library of Australia's Newspaper Digitisation Project.
# Grove of Fetters

A grove of Fetters (Old Norse: Fjöturlundr) is mentioned in the Eddic poem "Helgakviða Hundingsbana II":
       Helgi obtained Sigrún, and they had sons. Helgi lived not to be old. Dag, the son of Högni, sacrificed to Odin, for vengeance for his father. Odin lent Dag his spear. Dag met with his relation Helgi in a place called Fiöturlund, and pierced him through with his spear. Helgi fell there, but Dag rode to the mountains and told Sigrún what had taken place.
       ― Helgakviða Hundingsbana II, Thorpe's translation
The description is often compared with a section by Tacitus on a sacred grove of the Semnones:
       At a stated period, all the tribes of the same race assemble by their representatives in a grove consecrated by the auguries of their forefathers, and by immemorial associations of terror. Here, having publicly slaughtered a human victim, they celebrate the horrible beginning of their barbarous rite. Reverence also in other ways is paid to the grove. No one enters it except bound with a chain, as an inferior acknowledging the might of the local divinity. If he chance to fall, it is not lawful for him to be lifted up, or to rise to his feet; he must crawl out along the ground. All this superstition implies the belief that from this spot the nation took its origin, that here dwells the supreme and all-ruling deity, to whom all else is subject and obedient.
Due to the resemblance between the two texts, some scholars have identified the deity of the Semnones with an early form of Odin. Others suggest an early form of Týr may have been involved, as he is the Germanic continuation of Proto-Indo-European sky-father '*dyeus', whose cognates are Jupiter and Zeus. Furthermore, Tacitus reports that the Germanic peoples of his age regarded a "Tuisco" or "Tuisto" as the progenitor of mankind, which is sometimes surmised to be a Latinisation of Proto-Germanic '*Tiwaz', which later became "Týr" in Old Norse.
# Guatemala at the 2021 Summer World University Games

Guatemala competed at the 2021 Summer World University Games in Chengdu, China held from 28 July to 8 August 2023.

## Competitors

| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Swimming | 1 | 1 | 2 |

## Swimming
### Men

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Jacob Itzep | 50 metre freestyle | 25.22 | 51 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Jacob Itzep | 100 metre freestyle | 55.61 | 49 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Jacob Itzep | 200 metre freestyle | 2:04.60 | 39 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Jacob Itzep | 50 metre butterfly | 27.97 | 43 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Jacob Itzep | 100 metre butterfly | 1:01.94 | 40 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Jacob Itzep | 200 metre butterfly | 2:23.61 | 24 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |

### Women

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Asly Pelico | 100 metre freestyle | 1:07.02 | 43 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Asly Pelico | 50 metre butterfly | 33.45 | 42 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Asly Pelico | 100 metre butterfly | 1:12.87 | 35 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Asly Pelico | 200 metre butterfly | 2:47.28 | 22 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
# Noranda

Noranda may refer to:
* Noranda (mining company)
* Noranda Caldera, an Archean caldera in Canada
* Noranda, Western Australia, a suburb of Perth
* Noranda, Quebec, a former city in Canada: see Rouyn-Noranda
# Enteromius aboinensis

Enteromius aboinensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius. It was described from the Amboina River in Niger, and has been reported from the Benue River.
# Gudigar

Gudigar or Gudigara are a group of people residing in the state of Karnataka, India.
# North Hill

North Hill may refer to:

## Anguilla

* North Hill, Anguilla, a district

## United Kingdom

* North Hill, Cornwall, a village in England
* North Hill, Malvern, an elevation
* North Hill, Orkney, an RSPB nature reserve

## United States

* North Hill (Riverside, California), a hill
* North Hill (Plymouth), a neighborhood in Plymouth, Massachusetts
* North Hill, Minot, North Dakota, a neighborhood
* North Hill (Albany County, New York), a mountain
* North Hill Historic District (disambiguation), two places
* North Hill Preservation District, Pensacola, Florida
# Gristle-headed splayfoot salamander

The gristle-headed splayfoot salamander (Chiropterotriton chondrostega) is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Sierra Madre Oriental of east-central Mexico.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# North Division (NHL)

The National Hockey League's North Division (branded as Scotia NHL North Division for sponsorship reasons) was one of the four divisions used by the NHL for the 2020–21 NHL season. This division was organized in 2020 as the result of the travel restrictions that had been in place since March 2020 between the Canada–United States border due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The entirety of the 2020–21 regular season and first two rounds of the playoffs were played between seven Canadian-based teams in the NHL.
Of the four divisions in 2020–21, the North Division was the only one with a name not previously used by the NHL. It was also the first all-Canadian NHL division to play since the league first expanded into the United States in 1924.

## Division lineups
### 2020–21

* Calgary Flames
* Edmonton Oilers
* Montreal Canadiens
* Ottawa Senators
* Toronto Maple Leafs
* Vancouver Canucks
* Winnipeg Jets

#### Changes from the 2019–20 season

* The North Division is formed due to COVID-19 restrictions
* The Calgary Flames, Edmonton Oilers and Vancouver Canucks come from the Pacific Division
* The Montreal Canadiens, Ottawa Senators and Toronto Maple Leafs come from the Atlantic Division
* The Winnipeg Jets come from the Central Division

#### Changes from the 2020–21 season

* The division is dissolved as the league returned to previous two conference and four division alignment
* The Calgary Flames, Edmonton Oilers and Vancouver Canucks return to the Pacific Division
* The Montreal Canadiens, Ottawa Senators and Toronto Maple Leafs return to the Atlantic Division
* The Winnipeg Jets return to the Central Division

## Division champions

* 2021 – Toronto Maple Leafs (35–14–7, 77 pts)

### Season results

| $^{(#)}$ | Denotes team that won the Stanley Cup |
| $^{(#)}$ | Denotes team that won the Clarence S. Campbell Bowl, but lost Stanley Cup Finals |
| $^{(#)}$ | Denotes team that qualified for the Stanley Cup playoffs |
| ‡ | Denotes winner of the Presidents' Trophy |
| Season | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th |
| 2020–21 | Toronto (77) | Edmonton (72) | Winnipeg (63) | Montreal (59) | Calgary (55) | Ottawa (51) | Vancouver (50) |
# North Macedonia men's national water polo team

The North Macedonia men's national water polo team was formed in 1991, following the Republic of Macedonia's declaration of independence. Before 1991, the Republic of Macedonia was part of Yugoslavia, and its players participated in the Yugoslavia national water polo team.
The first major event that the team qualified for was the 2008 Men's European Water Polo Championship, finishing in 8th place.

## Results
### World Championship

    Within Yugoslavia team
       1973 (3rd) ,1975 (13), 1978 (3rd), 1982 (7), 1986 (1st), 1991 (1st)
* 2009 – 14th place

### FINA World League

* 2010 – 19th place
* 2011 – 16th place
* 2012 – Preliminary round

### European Championship

    Within Yugoslavia team
       1927 (9),1934 (5), 1947 (8), 1950 (3rd), 1954 (2nd),1958 (2nd),1962 (2nd),1966 (3rd) 1970 (3rd) , 1974 (3rd) , 1977 (2nd),1981 (4th), 1983 (4th), 1985 (2nd), 1987 (2nd),1989 (2nd), 1991 (1st)
* 2008 – 8th place
* 2010 – 12th place
* 2012 – 11th place

### Universiade

* 2011 – Bronze medal

## Current squad

| no. | name | position | right/ left | date of birth |
| 1 | Dalibor Perčinić | GK | R | 1976 |
| 2 | Igor Milanovic | D | R | 1992 |
| 3 | Ivan Vuksanović | CF | R | 1981 |
| 4 | Zdravko Delaš | CF | R | 1982 |
| 5 | Nenad Bosančić | CF | L | 1982 |
| 6 | Vladimir Krecković | CB | R | 1980 |
| 7 | Blagoje Ivović | CB | R | 1980 |
| 8 | Edi Brkić | CF | L | 1974 |
| 9 | Dimitar Dimovski | CB | R | 1992 |
| 10 | Vladimir Latković | CF | R | 1981 |
| 11 | Nenad Petrović (C) | D | R | 1977 |
| 12 | Danijel Benić | CF | R | 1977 |
| 13 | Bojan Janevski | CK | R | 1990 |
    Coach: Stevan Nonković
# Guest at One's Own Home

Guest at One's Own Home (Swedish: Gäst i eget hus) is a 1957 Swedish drama film directed by Stig Olin and starring Anita Björk, Lars Ekborg and Alf Kjellin. It was shot at the Centrumateljéerna Studios in Stockholm and on location around the city. The film's sets were designed by the art director Nils Nilsson.

## Cast

* Anita Björk as Eva Dahl
* Lars Ekborg as Boy Lannert
* Alf Kjellin as Age Dahl
* Isa Quensel as Stepmother
* Holger Löwenadler as Fredik Lannert
* Monica Nielsen as Berit
* Barbro Hiort af Ornäs as Lisen
* Claes Thelander as Sten, Doctor
* Aino Taube as Mrs. Brecker
* Birgitta Andersson as Guest
* Sten Ardenstam as Guest
* Sven Arvor as Waiter
* Tom Dan-Bergman as Guest
* Elsa Ebbesen as Mrs. Bergström
* Sten Gester as Guest
* Anne Marie Machnow as Guest
* Karin Miller as Nurse
* Gösta Prüzelius as Doctor
* Astrid Söderbaum as Maid
# Gronow Davis

Major-General Gronow Davis VC (16 May 1828 – 18 October 1891) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

## Details

Davis was 27 years old, and a captain in the Royal Regiment of Artillery, British Army during the Crimean War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.
On 8 September 1855 at Sebastopol, Crimea, Captain Davis commanded the spiking party in the attack on the Redan with great coolness and gallantry. Afterwards he saved the life of a lieutenant of the 39th Regiment of Foot by jumping over the parapet of a sap and going some distance across the open, under murderous fire, to help carry the wounded man to cover. He also carried several other wounded soldiers to safety.
He later achieved the rank of major-general. His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Artillery Museum, Woolwich, England.
# Nordland (disambiguation)

Nordland may refer to:

## Places

* Nordland, a county in Norway
* Nordlandet, an island in Kristiansund, Norway
* Nordland, Nordland, a village in the island municipality of Værøy in Nordland county, Norway
* Nordland, Washington, a community in the United States
* Nordland Township (disambiguation), the name of several townships in the United States
* Northern Norway, a geographical region in Norway

## Fiction

* Nordland (Warhammer), a province in the land of "The Empire" in the Warhammer Fantasy setting
* The land occupied by the Norts in the Rogue Trooper fictional scenario

## Music

* Nordland (band), a 1980s Danish pop band
* Nordland I and Nordland II, albums by the Swedish Viking metal band Bathory

## Ships

* Nordland, a German gunnery training ship from 1944 to 1945, formerly the Danish coastal defence ship HDMS Niels Juel
* FV Nordland a German fishing trawler in service 1922–39, and 1939–40
* V 401 Nordland a Vorpostenboot in service in 1939
* V 411 Nordland a Vorpostenboot in service in 1939
* HMS Nordland, a Royal Navy salvage boat in service 1940–48

## Other

* Nordland (boat), a type of fishing boat used in northern Norway
* Nordland (magazine), a Nazi publication in Sweden
* SS Division Nordland, a Waffen-SS unit
* Nordland Line, a railway line in Northern Norway
# Guilford Court House, North Carolina

Guilford Court House, North Carolina, was the county seat of Guilford County before being replaced by Greensboro in 1808. It no longer exists as an identifiable community, having been absorbed by Greensboro. On March 15, 1781, it was the site of the Battle of Guilford Court House, which is now commemorated at Guilford Courthouse National Military Park. The Battle was between the Continental Army under general Nathanael Greene and the British Army under general Charles Cornwallis. The battle resulted in a British victory, but Greene's forces inflicted heavy casualties on Cornwallis' forces.
# Norman Laird

Norman Laird (1906 – 28 April 1970) was a medical doctor and unionist politician in Northern Ireland.
Laird studied at the Royal Belfast Academical Institution and the Queen's University of Belfast. He became a doctor and joined the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), and chaired its St Anne's branch from 1948 until 1969. He was awarded an OBE in 1961.
Laird was elected for the UUP in Belfast St Anne's at the 1969 Northern Ireland general election. In March 1970, he was one of five UUP MPs expelled from the Ulster Unionist parliamentary party for refusing to support the government in a vote of no confidence. He died the following month. In the ensuing by-election, his seat was won by his son, John Laird.
# Gujiabao railway station

Gujiabao railway station is a station of Jingbao Railway in Inner Mongolia.
# North Star (Amtrak train)

The North Star was a passenger train operated by Amtrak (the National Railroad Passenger Corporation) between Duluth, Minnesota and Saint Paul, Minnesota. It originally operated from Chicago, Illinois via St. Paul to Superior, Wisconsin and Duluth, but was soon cut back to a Saint Paul–Duluth train. The service relied in part on funding from the state of Minnesota.

## History

The North Star was introduced in the spring of 1978, when Amtrak moved Twin Cities operations from the Great Northern Depot in Minneapolis to Midway station in Saint Paul and combined the previous Chicago–Minneapolis Twin Cities Hiawatha and the Minneapolis–Duluth Arrowhead services into one train. Where the Arrowhead's route was 148 miles (238 km) long, the North Star was a 573-mile (922 km) sleeper originating in Chicago at 10:30 PM in the initial schedule. It took 8 hours 45 minutes to reach Saint Paul, where there was a 35-minute layover. It then took another 3:45 to reach Duluth for an overall schedule of just over 13 hours from Chicago.
Three other trains shared parts of the North Star route: the quad-weekly Empire Builder from Chicago to Portland, Oregon and Seattle, Washington, via the Milwaukee Road to St. Paul and the former Great Northern beyond; the thrice-weekly North Coast Hiawatha, also from Chicago to Portland and Seattle, on the Milwaukee to St. Paul and the former Northern Pacific beyond; and the daily Turboliner between Chicago and Milwaukee.$^{:31}$ The Empire Builder became a daily train again in 1979 when the North Coast Hiawatha was eliminated.$^{:166}$
There were perennial budget battles involving the North Star. In October 1981 cost-cutting measures forced the service to be converted to a Twin Cities–Duluth local, which left the daily Empire Builder as the only Chicago–Twin Cities connection. No effort was made to link the schedules of the two trains. At this time, the schedule was 3 hours 35 minutes from Saint Paul to Duluth. It briefly stopped service in September 1982 when Amtrak requested $27,000 (equivalent to $85,246 in 2023) in funding to keep it operating as a weekend and peak period train. Duluth businessman Jeno Paulucci offered a $25,000 (equivalent to $78,931 in 2023) donation, with the rest intended to be covered from some other source. U.S. Senator David Durenberger (R-MN) also requested that Amtrak run a financial audit, which uncovered an extra $100,000 (equivalent to $315,724 in 2023) in available funds.
By the end of service in 1985, the North Star no longer served Superior and made intermediate stops only in Cambridge and Sandstone. State funding ran out in March 1985, and the train made its final run on April 7 of that year.$^{:191}$
# Equinalysis

Equinalysis is a computer software program designed to capture and analyse equine locomotion by visually tracking and quantifying biomechanical data. The system was developed in 2004 by consultant farrier, Haydn Price with the intent of allowing veterinarians, farriers, horse trainers and physiotherapists to highlight subtle changes in a horse's locomotion and provide a video record of how a horse's movements change during the course of its working life. This then allows the user to improve the horse's performance with various techniques and treatment plans, such as appropriate shoeing regimes.

## Operation

For the analysis, polystyrene markers are placed at specific points on the horse's limbs, mainly over the joints. Then the horse is walked and trotted in-hand, and filmed with a video camera from all angles on a hard, flat surface. The information is then collated and downloaded on to a CD or DVD, which is analyzed on a computer by an accredited individual. The specialist software program records the movement of the markers and produces data that can be used to quantify stride length, body symmetry, joint flexion and extension, and soundness. The resulting baseline of facts - which is presented in a hard-copy portfolio of information for future reference - then provides the horse owner with a valuable 'baseline measurement' of movement and soundness.

## Reliability

A 2011 study published in the Journal of Equine Veterinary Science found the system did not produce repeatable data from day to day, and was therefore not sufficiently reliable for use in clinical evaluations of equine lameness.
# Erepta setiliris

Erepta setiliris is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Helicarionidae. This species is endemic to Réunion, a French island in the Indian Ocean.
# Eois delicatula

Eois delicatula is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Bolivia.
# Eois discata

Eois discata is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Singapore and on Borneo and Bali.
# Eois dibapha

Eois dibapha is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Costa Rica.
# Gunnel Nyman

Gunnel Nyman (September 19, 1909 – October 7, 1948) was a Finnish glass and metal artist, and one of the founders of modern Finnish glass design. She was also a proponent of early mass-produced glassware. Nyman's glassware is exhibited in museums internationally.
Born Gunnel Anita Gustafsson in Turku in 1909, she moved to Helsinki with her family in 1922. She married Gunnar Nyman in 1936.
Nyman studied furniture design at the Taideteollinen Korkeakoulu (Central School of the Industrial Arts) in Helsinki, under Arttu Brummer and worked initially in the functionalist style.
Trained as a furniture designer, Nyman also created metalwork for ecclesiastical use as well as lighting, most notably for Helsinki's Swedish Theater, which she designed in collaboration with the Oy Taito AB metalsmiths.
During the post-war era she transitioned to glassware and collaborated or worked on commission with various glassworks including Riihimäki, Karhula-Iittala and Nuutajärvi.
Her work features organic lines and focuses on the characteristics of glass itself.
Nyman died in 1948 after a long illness. In 1951, she was posthumously awarded the gold medal at the Milan Triennial.
# Eosaster

Eosaster is a monotypic genus of echinoderms belonging to the family Goniasteridae. The only species is Eosaster nadiae.
The species is found in Pacific Ocean (near Australia).
# North Buffalo

North Buffalo may refer to:
* North Buffalo Township, Pennsylvania, a township in Pennsylvania
* North Buffalo, Buffalo, a neighbourhood in Buffalo, New York
# Malumeng

Malumeng is a community council located in the Mafeteng District of Lesotho. Its population in 2006 was 9,740.

## Villages

The community of Malumeng includes the villages of Ha Heri, Ha Isaka, Ha Kubelle, Ha Lebamang, Ha Leboto, Ha Mabatla, Ha Mahooana, Ha Maisane, Ha Majara, Ha Manthama, Ha Marite, Ha Mashaile, Ha Masia, Ha Masooane, Ha Mokoenehi, Ha Molete, Ha Moloi, Ha Monono, Ha Monyane, Ha Moqanyane, Ha Motamolane, Ha Mothokho, Ha Ntšonyane, Ha Pitso, Ha Ralintoane, Ha Ramathaha, Ha Ramathaleha, Ha Ramatima, Ha Rantaba, Ha Raseboko, Ha Ratheepe, Ha Seatile, Ha Sebaki, Ha Sebatli, Ha Sekhele, Ha Sekhonyana, Ha Seshemane, Ha Tjoobe, Ha Tobi, Ha Turupu, Khohlong, Libopeng, Limapong, Liptjemptjeteng, Mahlokeng, Malumeng, Manganeng, Marabeng, Matebeng, Moeaneng, Motse-Mocha, Qibing, Sehlabaneng, Sekhutlong, Thibella, Thoteng and Thoteng-ea-Khoete.
# Paul Wild

Paul Wild may refer to:
* Paul Wild (Australian scientist) (1923–2008), British-born Australian scientist
** Paul Wild Observatory in Narrabri, Australia
* Paul Wild (rugby league), British rugby league footballer
* Paul Wild (Swiss astronomer) (1925–2014)
# Pao Pao (disambiguation)

Pao Pao is a village on the island of Mo'orea in French Polynesia.
Pao Pao or Paopao may also refer to:
* "Pao Pao", a 1959 song by Monchito and His Mambo Royals
* "Pao Pao" (Kokkinou song), a 2000 hit by Elli Kokkinou
* Pao Pao, a story by Pier Vittorio Tondelli
* Pao Pao Bay, Mo'orea, Tahiti
* Paopao (canoe), a single-outrigger canoe made from a single log in the Pacific islands of Tuvalu
* Pao-pao ("Cannonball"), childhood nickname of Jackie Chan (born 1954), Hong Kong actor and filmmaker
* Joe Paopao (born 1955), American former quarterback and coach in the Canadian Football League
* Jordan Paopao (born 1986), American former offensive lineman and special teams coordinator and tight ends coach for the Washington Huskies