OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mushroom synagogue

A mushroom synagogue is a synagogue that sprang up temporarily, usually on a for-profit basis, usually only for the High Holidays. These synagogues became popular during the 1920s and 1930s, especially during the Great Depression when purchasing a seat for services was more difficult to afford.

## Background

At the turn of the 20th century, the Lower East Side of New York City had over 300 synagogues for the growing Jewish community. However, due to economic demands, many Jews became lax in observance of the Sabbath and would not attend services on a regular basis. Only a quarter of men attended services regularly. Even if a person didn't attend synagogue the whole year, many Jews would still attend during the High Holiday season, sometimes referred to as "twice-a-year Jews". To accommodate the large demand that the local synagogues could not satisfy, these new synagogues would sprout up.
The religious establishment fought these synagogues on an annual basis. The August 17, 1930 edition of the Jewish Daily Bulletin announced that New York rabbis had issued a "war declaration" against the synagogues. The religious leaders continued issuing proclamations, publishing advertising notices in papers, and even going so far as to push to have legislation passed in New York State in 1934 that forbade religious services "that fraudulently represents itself as being in 'accordance with the precepts of any recognized religious creed' or misrepresents the facilities that the services will be held in or the qualifications of the person leading the services".

## Reactions

While the Jewish establishment fought against the mushroom synagogues, oftentimes providing free tickets and setting up synagogues without a need for tickets, the fight seemed to cease during the 1920s. During the decade, many synagogues were built, especially with more room for attending worship services and providing other social services. The added prosperity of the community allowed traditional and mushroom synagogues to operate. The Great Depression changed all this. With holiday tickets being a major avenue of revenue for synagogues, the depression added economic and physical hardships to synagogues, which helped fuel the market for the mushroom synagogues. These synagogues were often sponsored by charities to raise revenue for operations. Often, established synagogues would agree to put those organizations higher on the charity list if the mushroom synagogue would cease operations. Ironically, while mushroom synagogues have mostly all gone away, many institutions use the model as a way of outreach to unaffiliated Jews or those who might seem hesitant to join a synagogue.
# GNH

GNH may refer to:
* Greenhithe railway station, England
* Grey Nuns Hospital (disambiguation)
* Gross National Happiness
* Guru Nanak Home for Handicapped Children, Ranchi, India
* Lere language
# Gajari

Gajari is a village development committee in Baitadi District in the Mahakali Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,190 and had 480 houses in the town.
# Argyle Street, Bath

Argyle Street (formerly Argyle Buildings) is a historic street in the centre of Bath, England located between Pulteney Bridge and Laura Place.

## History

As part of the Bathwick Estate, Argyle Street was designed by Thomas Baldwin for Sir William Pulteney. Construction of the street was completed around 1789. The buildings were intended to serve as residential townhouses like those immediately adjacent in Laura Place. However, over several decades shopfronts were added to form an extension to the shopping parade on Pulteney Bridge. As a result the street now has a fine selection of shopfronts with designs from several different architectural periods. Particularly noteworthy are the late Georgian shopfronts to numbers 8, 9, and 16, and Victorian shopfronts to numbers 6, 7, and 12.
The Argyle Congregational Chapel is located on the north side of the street between numbers 6 and 7. It is used by a United Reformed Church congregation.
* Numbers 1 - 5
* Argyle Congregational Chapel, flanked by Number 6 (left) and Number 7 (right)
* Victorian shopfront to Number 6
* Late Georgian shopfront to Number 8
* Late Georgian shopfront to Number 9
* Victorian shopfront to Number 12
# Musquash Parish, New Brunswick

Musquash is a geographic parish in Saint John County, New Brunswick, Canada.
For governance purposes, the parish is part of the incorporated rural community of Fundy Shores, which is a member of the Southwest Regional Service Commission.
Prior to the 2023 governance reform, the parish formed the local service district of the parish of Musquash, which was a member of the Fundy Regional Service Commission (FRSC).

## Origin of name

The Provincial Archives of New Brunswick gives it origin as "derived from the Maliseet word for muskrat" but does not mention that word or give a source.
William F. Ganong has entries for Musquash Islands and Musquash Harbour, the former translated from the French I. aux Rats musquez, island of muskrats, the latter uncertain, both possibly related to Maliseet words.
Musquash is a synonym of muskrat, possibly borrowed from Massachusett.

## History

Musquash was erected in 1877 from Lancaster Parish.

## Boundaries

Musquash Parish is bounded:
* on the north by the Kings County line;
* on the east by the City of Saint John;
* on the south by the Bay of Fundy;
* on the west by the Charlotte County line.

## Communities

Communities at least partly within the parish.
* Chance Harbour
* Dipper Harbour East
* Dipper Harbour West
* Five Fathom Hole
* Gooseberry Cove
* Little Lepreau
* Musquash
* Prince of Wales
* South Musquash

## Bodies of water

Bodies of water at least partly within the parish.
* Little Lepreau River
* West Branch Musquash River
* Belvidere Stream
* Deer Lake Stream
* Fishing Stream
* Hanson Stream
* Menzies Stream
* Dipper Harbour Creek
* Ferguson Creek
* Goose Creek
* McLaughlin Creek
* Moose Creek
* Wetmore Creek
* West Branch Reservoir
** Back Channel
** The Narrows
* Bay of Fundy
** Plumper Hole
* Maces Bay
* Chance Harbour
* Dipper Harbour
* Little Dipper Harbour
* Musquash Harbour
* Hepburn Basin
* Bonny Doone Lake
* more than twenty other officially named lakes

## Islands

Islands at least partly within the parish.
* Gooseberry Island
* Musquash Island
* Stillwater Island
* Man Rock
* Musquash Ledges
* Pork Ledge

## Other notable places

Parks, historic sites, and other noteworthy places at least partly within the parish.
* Dipper Harbour Back Cove Protected Natural Area
* Gooseberry Cove Protected Natural Area
* Loch Alva Protected Natural Area
* Log Falls Dam
* Musquash Estuary Protected Natural Area
* Point Lepreau
* Round Meadow Cove Protected Natural Area

## Access Routes

Highways and numbered routes that run through the parish, including external routes that start or finish at the parish limits:
# Galaxy (Jeff Lorber Fusion album)

Galaxy is the seventh studio album by The Jeff Lorber Fusion it was released in January 2012.

## Track listing

* "Live Wire"-4:03
* "Big Brother"-4:50
* "Montserrat-4:50
* "Singraja" - 4:36
* "Galaxy"-5:17
* "City"-4:29
* "Horace"-5:34
* "The Samba"-4:49 (featuring Larry Koonse)
* "Rapids"-4:25
* "Wizard Island"-4:50
* "The Underground"-4:39 (featuring Randy Brecker)
# Gabriel Koch

Gabriel Koch (1807 – 1881) was a German entomologist.
Gabriel Koch lived in Frankfurt. He was mainly interested in Lepidoptera.
His collections, which also include Hymenoptera, are held by Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Frankfurt Zoological Society and Senckenberg Museum.
He wrote:
* Die geographische Verbreitung der europäischen Schmetterlinge in anderen Welttheilen. Leipzig: Hermann Costenoble (1854)
* Die schmetterlinge des südwestlichen Deutschlands, insbesondere der umgegend von Frankfurt, Nassau und der Hessischen Staaten; nebst angabe der fundorte und flugplaetze. Cassel, T. Fischer (1856)
* Die Indo-Australische Leidopteren (Fauna) in ihrem Zusammenghang mit der Europaeischen, nebst den drei Hauptfaunen der Erde. Leipzig, L. Dennicke (1865)
* Die Indo-Australische lepidopteren-fauna in ihrem zusammenhang: mit den drei hauptfaunen der erde, nebst abhandlung über die entstehung der farben in der puppe. Berlin: Denicke's verlag Link & Reinke (1873)
* Die Geographische Verbreitung der Schmetterlinge über die Erde. Von G. Koch. Red. von A. Petermann Gotha (1873)
# Gakuto Coda

Gakuto Coda (甲田 学人, Kōda Gakuto, born 1977) is a Japanese light novelist. His works can be found under both spellings of his name, his works in English translation under 'Coda' and his works in Japanese under 'Kouda'. His series Missing has been adapted into a manga, and Tokyopop released two in the series, 2007 to 2008, before it went bankrupt. He is known for basing his horror novels on research into psychology and folklore.

## Works
### Missing series

* Missing: Kamikakushi no Monogatari, ISBN 4-8402-1866-8, July 2001 ; Spirited Away ISBN 978-1427800329, November 2007
* Missing 2: Noroi no Monogatari, ISBN 4-8402-1946-X, October 2001 ; Letter of Misfortune ISBN 978-1427800336, March 2008
* Missing 3: Kubikukuri no Monogatari, ISBN 4-8402-2010-7, January 2002 ; The Hanged Man, scheduled for September 2008, didn't happen.
* Missing 4: Kubikukuri no Monogatari Kanketsuhen, ISBN 4-8402-2061-1, March 2002
* Missing 5: Mekakushi no Monogatari, ISBN 4-8402-2112-X, June 2002
* Missing 6: Awasekagami no Monogatari, ISBN 4-8402-2188-X, October 2002
* Missing 7: Awasekagami no Monogatari Kanketsuhen, ISBN 4-8402-2263-0, January 2003
* Missing 8: Ikenie no Monogatari, ISBN 4-8402-2376-9, May 2003
* Missing 9: Zashiki-warashi no Monogatari, ISBN 4-8402-2485-4, October 2003
* Missing 10: Zoku Zashiki-warashi no Monogatari, ISBN 4-8402-2571-0, January 2004
* Missing 11: Zashiki-warashi no Monogatari Kanketsuhen, ISBN 4-8402-2703-9, July 2004
* Missing 12: Kamioroshi no Monogatari, ISBN 4-8402-2996-1, March, 2005
* Missing 13: Kamioroshi no Monogatari Kanketsuhen, ISBN 4-8402-3038-2, June 2005
* Ya Ma, ISBN 4-8402-3249-0

### Dansho no Grimm / Grimm Fragments series

* Dansho no Grimm 1: Haikaburi, ISBN 4-8402-3388-8
* Dansho no Grimm 2: Hansel and Gretal, ISBN 4-8402-3483-3
* Dansho no Grimm 3: Ningyohime Beginning, ISBN 4-8402-3635-6 ; of the Little Mermaid
* Dansho no Grimm 4: Ningyohime Finale, ISBN 978-4-8402-3758-1
* Dansho no Grimm 5: Akazukin Beginning, ISBN 978-4-8402-3909-7
* Dansho no Grimm 6: Akazukin Finale, ISBN 978-4-8402-4116-8
* Dansho no Grimm 7: Kin no tamago o umu mendori, ISBN 978-4-04-867016-6, 2008 ; Hen that lays eggs of gold
* Dansho no Grimm 8: Nadeshiko Beginning

### Other works

* Magic Night Kai, ISBN 4-0486-8287-3, 2010
* Magic Night Odd, ISBN 4-0486-8277-6, 2010
# Gakuto

Gakuto (written: 岳人, 岳登, 岳斗, 学人 or ガクト in katakana) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Gakuto Coda (甲田 学人, born 1977), Japanese writer
* Gakuto Kajiwara (梶原 岳人, born 1994), Japanese voice actor
* Gakuto Kondo (近藤 岳登, born 1981), Japanese footballer
* Gakuto Mikumo (三雲 岳斗, born 1970), Japanese writer
* Gakuto Notsuda (野津田 岳人, born 1994), Japanese footballer
* Gakuto Oshiro (大城 ガクト, born 1973), better known as Gackt, Japanese musician, record producer and actor

## Fictional characters

* Gakuto Mukahi (向日 岳人), a character in the manga series The Prince of Tennis
* Gakuto Shimazu (島津 岳人), a character in the visual novel Maji de Watashi ni Koi Shinasai!
# Mycobacterium brisbanense

Mycobacterium brisbanense is a member of the Mycobacterium fortuitum third biovariant complex. They are rapidly growing ubiquitous environmental organisms that normally inhabit soil, dust and water. These organisms frequently are human pathogens that cause a wide spectrum of clinically significant disease. It is important for practitioners to be aware of these organisms as possible etiological agents, as they are resistant to most first-line anti-tuberculous agents.

## Etymology

The species name brisbanense means pertaining to Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, the source of the type strain.

## Description

Microscopy
* The organisms are acid-fast, Gram-positive, pleomorphic bacilli. Long filamentous forms are often observed, but spores and capsules are absent.
Colony characteristics
* Colonies are mucoid, convex, round, entire-edged and do not demonstrate aerial hyphae.
* Colonies are white to slightly beige and small in diameter (approx. 1 mm) after incubation on heart infusion agar with 5% (v/v) rabbit blood for 2 days at 35 °C.
Physiology
* Growth occurs on Löwenstein–Jensen medium at 35 °C in less than 7 days, but no growth occurs at 42 °C.
* Growth occurs on 5% NaCl and on MacConkey's agar without crystal violet at 28 °C.
* Arylsulfatase activity by 3 days, utilizes acetamide, reduces nitrate, produces urease and exhibits iron uptake.
* It does not utilize citrate or grow in lysozyme. Semi-quantitative catalase activity is weakly positive (<45 mm).
* It does not utilize citrate, grow in lysozyme or produce thermostable catalase.
Differential characteristics
* The nearest phylogenetic neighbour, according to 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, is Mycobacterium diernhoferi ATCC 19340T.

## Pathogenesis

* Reported infections include skin and soft-tissue abscesses with associated osteomyelitis, bacteraemia, endocarditis, keratitis, lymphadenitis, peritonitis, post-surgical infections, pulmonary infections and disseminated disease. Involvement of the central nervous system is rare, but meningitis may develop after trauma or surgery. The immunocompromised patient is at special risk for developing severe diseases, especially catheter-related infection with bacteraemia.

## Type strain

* First isolated from an antral sinus in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
* Strain W6743 = ATCC 49938 = CCUG 47584 = DSM 44680
# Mycobacterium canariasense

Mycobacterium canariasense is a rapidly growing, non-pigmented mycobacterium first isolated from blood samples obtained from 17 patients with febrile syndrome. Etymology: canariasense; referring to the Latin adjective of the Spanish islands where all strains were isolated.

## Description

Microscopy
* Weakly acid-fast rods.
Colony characteristics
* Visible growth appears in 2–3 days as smooth, moist, shiny, non-pigmented colonies on Löwenstein-Jensen medium. Growth later develops a more yellowish, smooth, moist and shiny appearance.
Physiology
* Growth occurs at 30 and 37C, but not at 22, 42 or 45C.
* Grows on MacConkey agar without crystal violet, but does not grow in the presence
of 5% NaCl.
* Positive for arylsulfatase activity (3 days) and Tween 80 hydrolysis.
* Produces a low level of heatstable catalase and is negative for reduction of nitrates.
Differential characteristics
* The 16S rRNA and hsp65 gene sequences of M. canariasense are unique.
* Most closely related to Mycobacterium diernhoferi and Mycobacterium mucogenicum.

## Pathogenesis

* First isolated from blood samples obtained from 17 patients with febrile syndrome in the Canary Islands.

## Type strain

* Strain 502329T =CIP 107998T =CCUG 47953T
# Gahambars

The seasonal festivals, called gahambars (meaning "proper season"), occur six times a year. Due to the peculiarities of the Shahenshahi and Kadmi variants of the Zoroastrian calendar, in those variants the seasonal festivals are actually celebrated many months in advance and are therefore said to reflect the six "primordial creations" of Ahura Mazda, otherwise known as the Amesha Spentas. Each of these festivals is celebrated over five days. The six festivals are:
* Maidyozarem Gahambar ('mid-spring' feast), April 30 – May 4
* Maidyoshahem Gahambar ('mid-summer' feast), June 29 – July 3
* Paitishahem Gahambar (feast of 'bringing in the harvest'), September 12 – September 16
* Ayathrem Gahambar ('bringing home the herds'), October 12 – October 16
* Maidyarem Gahambar ('mid-year'/winter feast), December 31 – January 4
* Hamaspathmaidyem Gahambar (feast of 'all souls', literally 'coming of the whole group'), March 16 – March 20
# Muslim Safety Forum

The Muslim Safety Forum (MSF) is a British-based organisation set up to challenge the "unfair focus on the Muslim community when it came to policing activities and enforcement of anti-terror policing legislation". It was founded in 2001 and comprised a number of Muslim organisations, including the Muslim Council of Britain (MCB), the Islamic Human Rights Commission (IHRC), the Islamic Forum Europe (IFE), and others. It was described in 2010 by the Human Rights Watch (HRW) as "a non-governmental umbrella group that represents over 40 Muslim organisations in the UK". The MSF has been described by Shiraz Maher in The Jewish Chronicle as "an extremist group dominated by Islamists who support Hamas".
The group had many meetings at New Scotland Yard (the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Service) to discuss community safety, counter-terrorism and community policing measures. From 2001 until 2011, the MSF held regular meetings between senior police officers and representatives of Islamic institutions and Muslim community organisations. It was one of a number of Metropolitan Police measures introduced following the September 11 attacks as one of many efforts by the service to engage in dialogue with the British Muslim community to tackle Islamophobia and anti-Muslim hate crimes.
In 2006 Azad Ali was its chairman. In December 2006, Ali signed an agreement with Sir Ian Blair, then Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police, which stated: "The Commissioner will recognise the MSF as the principal body in relation to Muslim community safety and security." By this agreement, Sir Ian or his deputy were to meet Ali and the MSF at least twice a year and to hold monthly meetings with the MSF at "New Scotland Yard or other suitable premises". Met chiefs, including counter-terrorist commanders, were to attend the MSF's own meetings "whenever possible". The Met were to "use the MSF as a consultation body to help formulate policy or practice" and "progress an annual plan of work through agreed priority workstreams", jointly led by Met and MSF representatives. Ali was the MSF lead on counter-terrorism.
In the wake of the controversy about the abortive Forest Gate raid in summer 2006, the Met also agreed to set up a four-man panel with the MSF, with Ali as one of the panel, to offer the Muslim community to scrutinise police intelligence.
Ali left the post of chairman in 2008, then, having been appointed the MSF treasurer, resigned from MSF in 2009 after publicity over his appraisal of Abdullah Yusuf Azzam, mentor of Osama bin Laden, and approval on his blog of Azzam's son saying that as a Muslim he is religiously obliged to kill British soldiers in Iraq. However he remained a trustee and director of the MSF. In July 2010 he was reinstated as MSF's chairman.
In 2012, the group received an increase in funding in the lead-up to the 2012 Olympic Games in London.
# Gaetano Santaiti

Giuseppe Gaetano Santaiti (Italian pronunciation:; March 17, 1967 in Seminara), is a boss of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria, Italy. Santaiti was the acknowledged head of the area of Seminara, located about 30 km northeast of Reggio Calabria, together with the Gioffrè clan.
The clan expanded to northern Italy, notably Liguria and Lombardy, as well as to Turkey where links were established with Kurdish rebel groups for the purpose of drug trafficking.
Wanted since 1993 for mafia association, drug trafficking, extortion and possession of arms, he was included in the list of most wanted fugitives in Italy. He had been sentenced to 24 years of imprisonment. Santaiti was arrested in Seminara on May 20, 2001.
He decided to become a government witness (pentito) in 2003 and his testimony resulted in the arrest of some 30 people. In July 2010, the protection as a government witness was revoked after his arrest for "false statements in his defense".
# Mycobacterium virus Patience

Mycobacterium virus Patience, also called Patience, is a bacteriophage that infects Mycobacterium smegmatis bacteria. The large difference between the GC content of this virus's genome (50.3%) and that of its host (67.4%) indicate Patience likely evolved among bacteria of lower GC content but was able to infect M. smegmatis as well. It is the only species of the genus Patiencevirus.
# Mycobacteroides franklinii

Mycobacteroides franklinii (formerly Mycobacterium franklinii) is a species of bacteria from the phylum Actinomycetota belonging to the genus Mycobacteroides. Most of the original strains were isolated from clinical specimens in Pennsylvania, but some have been found in conduit water in the Netherlands. In general, human M. franklinii infections present with symptoms similar to an infection with Mycobacteroides abscessus, but it can also be associated with tattoo infections. M. franklinii is also associated with outbreaks of mycobacteriosis in farmed fish. M. fanklinii is susceptible to cefoxitin and bedaquiline.
# Mycobacterium wolinskyi

Mycobacterium wolinskyi is a rapidly growing mycobacterium most commonly seen in post-traumatic wound infections, especially those following open fractures and with associated osteomyelitis. Mycobacterium wolinskyi is clearly clinically significant, and occurs in the same settings as Mycobacterium smegmatis and members of the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex; they differ from members of the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex in the type of chronic lung disease they produce, with essentially all cases occurring in the setting of chronic lipoid pneumonia, either secondary to chronic oil ingestion or chronic aspiration (usually achalasia). Etymology: Wolinsky, named after Emanuel Wolinsky in honour of, and in recognition for, significant contributions to the study of the non-tuberculous mycobacteria.

## Description

Microscopy
* Gram-positive, nonmotile and acid-fast rods.
Colony characteristics
* Smooth to mucoid, off-white to cream coloured and nonpigmented colonies.
* Visible growth in 2 to 4 days on Middlebrook 7H10 agar.
Physiology
* No pigment is produced and growth occurs at 30, 35 and 45 °C.
* Isolates grow on MacConkey agar without crystal violet and in the presence of 5% NaCl, are negative for arylsulfatase activity at three days.
* Positive for iron uptake and nitrate reductase.
* They produce low-level semi-quantitative catalase activity that is stable at 68 °C, pH 7±0.
* The type strain is susceptible to amikacin and sulfamethoxazole, intermediately susceptible to doxycycline and ciprofloxacin, variably susceptible to cefmetazole, cefoxitin, chloramphenicol and clarithromycin, and resistant to isoniazid, rifampin and tobramycin.

## Pathogenesis

* M. wolinskyi causes human disease and is most commonly seen in post-traumatic wound infections, especially those following open fractures and with associated osteomyelitis.

## Type strain

* The type strain, ATCC 700010T (MO739), was recovered from a post-surgical facial abscess in Switzerland.
* Strain MO739 = ATCC 700010 = CCUG 47168 = CIP 106348 = DSM 44493 = JCM 13393.