OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mapleton, Ontario

Mapleton is a rural township in the Canadian province of Ontario, located within Wellington County.

## Communities

The largest and central community in Mapleton is the village of Drayton, which contains the township offices and has the largest retail presence.
The township also contains the smaller communities of Alma, Bosworth, Dobbenville, Glen Allan, Goldstone, Hollen, Lebanon, Moorefield, Parker, Quarindale, Riverbank, Rothsay, Spruce Green, Stirton, Wyandot, and Yatton.

## History

The township was formed by the amalgamation of the townships of Maryborough and Peel, and the village of Drayton on January 1, 1999.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Mapleton had a population of 10,839 living in 3,245 of its 3,633 total private dwellings, a change of 3% from its 2016 population of 10,527. With a land area of 535.56 km$^2$ (206.78 sq mi), it had a population density of 20.2/km$^2$ (52.4/sq mi) in 2021.

## Education

Mapleton is served by four public schools, administered by the Upper Grand District School Board. These are:
* Alma Public School
* Centre Peel Public School
* Drayton Heights Public School
* Maryborough Public School (Moorefield)
Secondary education is served by Norwell District Secondary School in Palmerston, in the adjacent township of Minto.
Mapleton is also served by one independent school
* Community Christian School (Drayton), which is connected to the Ontario Alliance of Christian Schools.

## Recreation

Conestogo Lake is home to a reservoir and conservation area. It is part of the Conestogo River watershed.
# Bruno Saraiva

Bruno José Palminha Saraiva (born 1 October 1974) is a Portuguese former footballer who played as a central defender, currently the manager of Louletano.

## Playing career

Born in Huambo, Angola to Portuguese parents, Saraiva competed almost exclusively in the Portuguese third division in a ten-year senior career. He started out at S.C. Olhanense, retiring at the age of 29 after a spell with C.D. Olivais e Moscavide.
Saraiva's professional input consisted of the 2000–01 season, starting in 21 of his appearances for F.C. Marco and suffering relegation from the Segunda Liga.

## Coaching career

After retiring, Saraiva spent his first years as a manager in youth football. On 1 May 2013, after Olhanense's Manuel Cajuda resigned a few weeks before the end of the 2012–13 campaign, he took on the role of interim at the Primeira Liga club with the primary goal of avoiding relegation. After a 0–0 home draw against C.S. Marítimo this was achieved, and he initially committed to a new deal only to leave the club shortly after and be replaced by former Portugal international Abel Xavier.
On 7 February 2017, after three incomplete spells in the third tier, Saraiva returned to Olhanense who ranked last in division two, eventually not being able to move the team from that place.
# Professionals in the City

Professionals in the City (commonly known as PNC) is a socializing and networking private organization based out in Washington, DC, with branches in New York City, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Boston.
It was founded in 1999 by Michael Karlan, who serves as the incumbent president of the organization. PNC has 200,000 members and hosts more than 1,000 events a year.

## History

The organization was established in 1999 in Washington D.C. by Michael Karlan, an American attorney and social entrepreneur. From the beginning, it started as a social club for various events, including singles dinners, museum outings, wine tastings, and paintball trips.
In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown restrictions in the United States, PNC switched to "virtual speed dating" by using video-conferencing applications such as Zoom.

## Organization and activities

PNC consistently organizes community events in Washington DC, Baltimore, Boston, Los Angeles, New York, and Philadelphia. It hosts events showcasing cities' diverse offerings, including their nightlife, arts, cultural and sporting events, and neighborhoods. Many of the events have a matchmaking focus, such as speed dating. The organization also hosts various local dating coaches who give seminars on general principles of dating and attraction, as well as specific topics, such as body language. PNC is also known for organizing dating events for various ethnic, age and LGBT groups.
# Alexander Langeweg

Alexander Langeweg (30 March 1890 – 30 November 1961) was a Dutch composer. His work was part of the music event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Get a Grip (disambiguation)

Get a Grip is a 1993 Aerosmith album and its title track
Get a Grip may also refer to:
* Get a Grip (TV series)
* "Get a Grip" (The Boomtown Rats song)
* "Get a Grip" (Semisonic song)
# Melville Jones

Melville Jones may refer to:
* Melville Jones (bishop), (1866–1941), New Zealander bishop
* Melville Jones (racing driver), (1893–1975), American racing driver
# International Federation of Automatic Control

The International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC), founded in September 1957 in France, is a multinational federation of 49 national member organizations (NMO), each one representing the engineering and scientific societies concerned with automatic control in its own country.
The aim of the Federation is to promote the science and technology of control in the broadest sense in all systems, whether, for example, engineering, physical, biological, social or economic, in both theory and application. IFAC is also concerned with the impact of control technology on society.
IFAC pursues its purpose by organizing technical meetings, by publications, and by any other means consistent with its constitution and which will enhance the interchange and circulation of information on automatic control activities.
International World Congresses are held every three years. Between congresses, IFAC sponsors many symposia, conferences and workshops covering particular aspects of automatic control.
The official journals of IFAC are Automatica, Control Engineering Practice, Annual Reviews in Control, Journal of Process Control, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, the Journal of Mechatronics, Nonlinear Analysis: Hybrid Systems, and the IFAC Journal of Systems and Control.

## Awards

IFAC Fellows
Major Medals
* Giorgio Quazza Medal
* Nathaniel B. Nichols Medal
* Industrial Achievement Award
* Manfred Thoma Medal
High Impact Paper Award
* Automatica Prize Paper Award
* Control Engineering Practice Prize Paper Award
* Journal of Process Control Prize Paper Award
* Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence Prize Paper Award
* Mechatronics Journal Prize Paper Award
* Congress Applications Paper Prize
* IFAC Congress Young Author Prize
* Control Engineering Textbook Prize
* Congress Poster Paper Prize
Outstanding Service Award
# Burton J. Kushner

Burt Kushner is an American pediatric ophthalmologist specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of strabismus. Kushner's contributions include demonstration of improved visual fields of patients following strabismus surgery, elucidation of torsional contribution to patients with diplopia, corticosteroid treatment of periocular capillary hemangioma, and novel hypotheses on the mechanism of "overacting" extraocular muscles.

## Training

Kushner graduated from the Northwestern University School of Medicine in 1969, and subsequently completed his internship at Evanston Hospital, ophthalmology residency at University of Wisconsin–Madison Hospital and fellowship in pediatric ophthalmology at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute.

## Offices held and honors

* Director of pediatric ophthalmology and adult strabismus service in the department of ophthalmology at University of Wisconsin–Madison Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin.
* John W. and Helen Doolittle Professor, University of Wisconsin–Madison Medical School
* Founding Editor-in-Chief, Journal of AAPOS
* 1992 Heed Foundation Award
* 1999 Senior Honor Award, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
* 2005 Alfred W. Bressler Prize in Vision Science, awarded by The Jewish Guild for the Blind
* Dr. Kushner presented the first Eugene R. Folk MD Endowed Lecture at the American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting on October 15, 2005.

## Published works (partial list)

* Merriam SW, Kushner BJ (2007). "An investigation into the mechanisms causing antipodean strabismus". J AAPOS. 11 (3): 249–53. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2006.10.022. PMID 17360204.
* Kushner BJ (2006). "How do recessions and resections of extraocular muscles work?". J AAPOS. 10 (4): 291–2. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2006.06.001. PMID 16935224.
* Kushner BJ; Miller, MT; Chapman, L (2006). "PRK and amblyopia". Ophthalmology. 113 (6): 1063–4, author reply 1064-5. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.02.033. PMID 16751052.
* Kushner BJ (2006). "Multiple mechanisms of extraocular muscle 'overaction'". Arch Ophthalmol. 124 (5): 680–8. doi:10.1001/archopht.124.5.680. PMID 16682590.
* Steele AL, Bradfield YS, Kushner BJ, France TD, Struck MC, Gangnon RE (2006). "Successful treatment of anisometropic amblyopia with spectacles alone". J AAPOS. 10 (1): 37–43. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2005.08.003. PMID 16527678.
* Kushner BJ (2005). "The treatment of convergence insufficiency". Arch Ophthalmol. 123 (1): 100–1. doi:10.1001/archopht.123.1.100. PMID 15642819.
* Kushner BJ (2004). "Ocular torsion: rotations around the 'WHY' axis". J AAPOS. 8 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2003.09.004. PMID 14970791.
* Kushner BJ, Kowal L (2003). "Diplopia after refractive surgery: occurrence and prevention". Arch Ophthalmol. 121 (3): 351–21. doi:10.1001/archopht.121.3.315. PMID 12617699.
* Kushner BJ (2002). "Intractable diplopia after strabismus surgery in adults". Arch Ophthalmol. 120 (11): 1498–504. doi:10.1001/archopht.120.11.1498. PMID 12427063.
* Kushner BJ (2002). "Atropine vs patching for treatment of amblyopia in children". JAMA. 287 (16): 2145–6. doi:10.1001/jama.287.16.2145. PMID 11977238.
# Wolfgang Hahn

Wolfgang Hahn (April 30, 1911 – January 10, 1998) was a German mathematician who worked on special functions, in particular orthogonal polynomials.
He introduced Hahn polynomials, Hahn difference, Hahn q-addition (or Jackson-Hahn-Cigler q-addition), and the Hahn–Exton q-Bessel function. He was an honorary member of the Austrian Mathematical Society.
# Arnsgereuth

Arnsgereuth is a village and a former municipality in the district Saalfeld-Rudolstadt, in Thuringia, Germany. Since 1 December 2011, it is part of the town Saalfeld.
# Epistolae Vagantes

The Epistolae Vagantes is a collection of the letters of Pope Gregory VII not included in his register.
The collection was edited by H. E. J. Cowdrey in 1972, and printed by the Clarendon Press, in the Oxford Medieval Series. Each of Gregory's Latin letters is accompanied by an English translation by Cowdrey, whose painstaking work on the edition significantly contributed to the advancement of his career and the modern understanding of religion in the Middle Ages.
# Eospilarctia nehallenia

Eospilarctia nehallenia is a moth in the family Erebidae first described by Charles Oberthür in 1911. It is found in Taiwan and China.
The wingspan is 46–51 mm.

## Subspecies

* Eospilarctia nehallenia nehallenia (Sichuan, Shaanxi, Yunnan)
* Eospilarctia nehallenia baibarensis (Matsumura, 1930) (Taiwan)
# Ercheia pulchrivena

Ercheia pulchrivena is a species of moth of the family Erebidae first described by Francis Walker in 1864. It is found on Sumatra and Borneo.
# Ephippus

Ephippus or Ephippos may refer to:
* Ephippus of Olynthus, Ancient Greek historian of Alexander the Great
* Ephippus of Athens, Ancient Greek comic poet
* Ephippus (fish), a fish genus
# Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations

The Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations (also known as The Mechanics' Union or MUTA) was an American trade union founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1827.

## Origin

During the winter of 1826–1827, more than 800 Philadelphians were jailed in a debtors' prison as a consequence of not having paid off their loans.
One anonymous prisoner working from his prison cell wrote an open letter, "To the Mechanics and Working-Men of the Fifth Ward, and those friendly to their Interests," describing the difficult work conditions suffered by working-class Philadelphians. The letter inspired a few outspoken writers to publish a widely circulated article demanding the workday be cut from twelve hours to ten hours. In June 1827, carpenters in Philadelphia struck for a 10-hour workday, agreeing to no reduction in wages. According to ExplorePAhistory.com:
   "When [the carpenters] stopped working, housing and business construction nearly halted. By August, bricklayers, painters, typographers, glaziers, and craftsmen in other trades had walked off their jobs or threatened to do so."
By October, the protesters had established the Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations, the first trade union to cross craft lines.

## Activities

Almost immediately, the organization set up its own advocacy newspaper, the Mechanics Free Press, and began providing benefits for its members and political candidates, "who will support the interest of the working classes." The Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations became a proxy of the united crafts in Philadelphia, independent of the increasingly popular Jacksonian Democrats. Members of the association became known as "workies", and ran numerous candidates for local offices while forging coalitions with other Anti-Jacksonian organizations who supported educational reforms and economic regulations favorable to Philadelphia's workers.
In 1837, ten years after the original carpenter protests, dozens of industries achieved their greatest victory when the City of Philadelphia passed legislation prohibiting businesses from employing workers for more than 10 hours a day.

## Loss of influence

The gains of the organization, however, were relatively short lived. Soon after the 10-hour workday legislation, the Panic of 1837 caused many businesses to declare bankruptcy, and the subsequent rise in unemployment effectively deactivated the Mechanics' Union.

## Legacy

Despite the relatively short lifespan of the Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations, future union leaders such as John Siney and William Sylvis looked to the Mechanics' Union for inspiration in the coal miners organizing movement. The organization also heavily influenced the idea of collective bargaining in the United States.
# Erbessa basivitta

Erbessa basivitta is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by Louis Beethoven Prout in 1918. It is found in Brazil.
# Erbessa cingulina

Erbessa cingulina is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1885.

## Description

Erbessa cingulina has a wingspan of about 38 millimetres (1.5 in). The species has a high wing-pattern variability. Usually forewings are deep black, with all the nerves ochraceous brown and an oval spot at the end of the cell. Hindwings are creamy white with the margins broadly banded with black. The abdomen with a central streak and one on each side bright yellow.

## Distribution

This species can be found from northern Bolivia north to central Peru, along the eastern slope of the Andes.
# Medial condyle of tibia

The medial condyle is the medial (or inner) portion of the upper extremity of tibia.
It is the site of insertion for the semimembranosus muscle.
# Mecca Cafe

Mecca Cafe is a restaurant in Seattle, in the U.S. state of Washington.

## Description

Mecca Cafe is a diner and dive bar in Seattle's Lower Queen Anne. The menu has included burgers and sandwiches. According to Lonely Planet, "Half of the long, skinny room at Mecca Café is a ketchup-on-the-table diner, but all the fun happens on the other side, where decades worth of beer mat scribbles line the walls and the bartenders know the jukebox songs better than you do."

## History

Mecca Cafe is among Seattle's oldest continuously operating bars. C. Preston and Frances Smith opened the restaurant in 1930. Mecca Cafe remained in the family until 2001. David Meinert later purchased the business.
# McFee

McFee is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Allan McFee (1913–2000), often irreverent announcer for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's radio and TV networks
* Bruce McFee (born 1961), Scottish politician
* Henry Lee McFee (1886–1953), pioneer American cubist painter and a prominent member of the Woodstock artists colony
* John McFee (born 1950), American singer, songwriter, guitarist and multi-instrumentalist
* June King McFee (died 2008), contributor to the world of art education, with her research and publications
* Malcolm McFee (1940–2001), English TV and film actor
* Michael McFee, poet and essayist from Asheville, North Carolina
* Oonah McFee (1916–2006), award-winning Canadian novelist and short story writer
* William McFee (1881–1966), writer of sea stories
# McFarlane–Bredt House

McFarlane–Bredt House is a historic home at 30 Hylan Boulevard in Rosebank, Staten Island, New York. It was built about 1840 and is a two-story, wood-frame clapboard house in the Italian Villa style. The house, located atop a hill on Staten Island's North Shore, faces New York Harbor to the northeast. It consists of four sections: the original, two-story central section built about 1840; the extension to the original section built about 1860; a wind added about 1870; and a three-story western addition completed in the 1890s.
The McFarlane–Bredt House served as the headquarters of the New York Yacht Club from 1869 to 1871. The New York City government acquired the adjoining McFarlane–Bredt and Alice Austen houses in 1970 and proposed renovating the McFarlane–Bredt House in the 1990s. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
# Mecyclothorax altiusculus

Mecyclothorax altiusculus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Psydrinae. It was described by Britton in 1938.
# Mecyclothorax anaana

Mecyclothorax sinuatus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Psydrinae. It was described by Liebherr in 2012.
# Equestrian statue of George Washington

Equestrian statue of George Washington may refer to:
* Equestrian statue of George Washington (Boston)
* Equestrian statue of George Washington (New York City)
* Equestrian statue of George Washington (Newark)
* Equestrian statue of George Washington (Paris)
* Equestrian statue of George Washington (Washington Circle)
# Eriastrum diffusum

Eriastrum diffusum is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common name miniature woollystar. It is native to the southwestern United States from California to Texas, where it grows in many types of open habitat. This is an annual herb producing a thin, usually woolly stem up to about 20 centimeters long, growing erect or spreading outward. The leaves are divided into 2 to 4 narrow, threadlike linear lobes. The inflorescence is a woolly cluster of narrow, leaflike bracts laced with webby fibers. The small flowers are funnel-shaped, with yellowish throats and white to pale blue corollas.
# Eriastrum luteum

Eriastrum luteum is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common names yellow woollystar and yellow-flowered eriastrum. This wildflower is endemic to California where it is known only from Monterey and San Luis Obispo Counties. This is a small annual rarely reaching the maximum 25 centimeters in height. It has occasional thin, threadlike leaves which are covered in a coat of woolly hairs. The inflorescence is a cluster of leaflike green or reddish bracts strung densely with cobwebby white wool and bearing bright yellow flowers. Each flower has five rounded lobes and long, protruding stamens with large anthers.
# Meditation centre

A meditation centre is a place where meditation and related activities are practiced either individually or as group. These centres are located across the world and services are offered either free or with paid admission. The centres are operated by individuals and organisations.

## Objective

Meditation centres are intended to help people relieve stress. These centres are located across the world and are usually located away from cities to avoid any type of distractions.

## Facilities

The following facilities are often included in a meditation centre:
* Museum
* Meditation halls
* Spa
* Meditation lodges
* Club houses
* Hotel
* Restaurant
* Boutique
# Erbi Txakur

The Erbi Txakurra is a Spanish breed of scenthound. It originates in the provinces of Álava and Bizkaia in the Basque Autonomous Community in northern Spain. It is one of five Basque breeds of dog, the others being the Basque Shepherd Dog, the Pachón de Vitoria, the Villano de Las Encartaciones and the Villanuco de Las Encartaciones, and is one of fourteen animal breeds native to the Paîs Vasco. It was traditionally used for hunting hare, but since the hare became scarce in the Basque country it is more frequently used to hunt wild boar, roe deer or occasionally foxes.
It is critically endangered: in 2009 there were fewer than fifty examples.$^{:534}$

## History

The Erbi Txakurra originates in the provinces of Álava and Bizkaia in the Basque Autonomous Community in northern Spain, and is the traditional hare-hunting dog of Basque hunters; the name of the breed means 'hare dog'.$^{:533}$ It is one of five Basque breeds of dog, the others being the Basque Shepherd Dog, the Pachón de Vitoria, the Villano de Las Encartaciones and the Villanuco de Las Encartaciones. Of these, all but the Pachón de Vitoria are indigenous to the Basque Autonomous Community, and were recognised as traditional Basque breeds by government decree in 2001.$^{:599}$ It was among the fourteen indigenous animal breeds included in the rural development plan for the País Vasco for 2007–2013.
With the Villanuco de Las Encartaciones it is one of the most seriously endangered breeds of the Basque Country: in 2009 there were fewer than fifty examples.$^{:534}$

## Characteristics

The Erbi Txakurra is of medium size. It is somewhat smaller than the Sabueso Español but more muscular, and does not have such long ears. The coat is short and of a uniform pale orange-brown with irregular white markings, usually on the face, the chest, the paws and the tip of the tail. The nose and palate are pigmented, the eyes are chestnut-brown.$^{:534}$

## Use

The Erbi Txakurra was traditionally used for hunting hare, but since the hare became scarce in the Basque country it is mainly used to hunt wild boar; it may also be used in hunting roe deer or occasionally foxes.$^{:533}$