OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pfostenschlitzmauer

A Pfostenschlitzmauer (German for "post-slot wall") is the name for defensive walls protecting Bronze Age and Iron Age hill forts and oppida in Central Europe, especially in Bavaria and the Czech Republic. They are characterized by vertical wooden posts set into the front stone facing. The rampart is constructed from a timber lattice filled with earth or rubble. The transverse cross-beams may also protrude through the stone facing, as with the murus gallicus used in Gaul and western Germany. It is sometimes referred to in English as a timber-framed wall.
The construction method is also known as "Kelheim-style", named after the extensive ramparts at the oppidum of Kelheim.
At the oppidum of Manching, an earlier murus gallicus rampart was rebuilt in Pfostenschlitzmauer style.

## Gallery

* Model of a Pfostenschlitzmauer wall of the "Altkönig-Preist" type
* Reverse view
* Pfostenschlitzmauer-type fortification wall
# Margaretta Craig

Margaretta Craig OBE (1902–1963) was an American nurse and a missionary of the Presbyterian Church who served as Principal of the School of Nursing Administration, New Delhi (1943–1946) and later as the Principal of College of Nursing, New Delhi (now Rajkumari Amrit Kaur College of Nursing), (1946–1958).

## Professional career

Craig left for India in 1930 and remained in India for the rest of her professional career. She joined Wanless Hospital, Miraj in western India in 1930 where she worked until she was called by the Government of India in 1943 to head the newly established School of Nursing Administration in New Delhi. She served as Principal of the School of Nursing Administration, New Delhi (1943-1946) and later as the Principal of College of Nursing (now Rajkumari Amrit Kaur College of Nursing), New Delhi (1946–1958).
After her retirement in 1958 from the College of Nursing, New Delhi (now Rajkumari Amrit Kaur College of Nursing), Margaretta Craig joined Christian Medical College, Ludhiana as Nursing Superintendent where she worked until her death in 1963. Ms. Craig was instrumental in establishing the Nursing School at Christian Medical College, Ludhiana.

## Awards and honours

* OBE (civil division) in January 1948
* Florence Nightingale Medal by International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in 1955

## Legacy

* Margaretta Craig hostel in the main campus of Christian Medical College, Ludhiana is named after her.
* Margaretta Craig Scholarship is available for students of Rajkumari Amrit Kaur College of Nursing, New Delhi
* Margaretta Craig memorial prize instituted by The Trained Nurses' Association of India
# Edward A. Goff Jr.

Edgar Allen "Pete" Goff Jr. (December 12, 1896 – February 11, 1989) was a United States Air Force colonel and jet fighter pilot. He was a member of the Early Birds of Aviation. In service, he spent 13 years on active duty and 36 additional years as a reserve officer.

## Biography

He was born on December 12, 1896, to Edgar Allen Goff Sr. in Battle Creek, Michigan.
He built and flew his first glider in January 1912 when he was in high school in Battle Creek, Michigan. He made his first recorded flight in June 1915.
He joined the Aeronautical Division, U.S. Signal Corps in January 1917, and after receiving his ground and primary flight training, he took advanced training at Kelly Field and was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Officers Reserve Corps in May 1919.
For several years Pete operated a sales, service, school and taxi business in Battle Creek as the Battle Creek Air Service.
He was employed by Stinson and Verville Aircraft Company. He also flew for a few months as air mail pilot.
From 1937 to 1942 he was employed by the Bureau of Air Commerce in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, leaving his position as Senior Aeronautical Inspector to return to active duty in the Air Force. He had a total of over 11,000 hours of civilian flying and 6,000 hours of recorded military flight.
He retired from active military service on January 31, 1957. On January 14, 1957, Pete's fellow officers and many of his Early Bird friends honored him at a cocktail hour and dinner at the officers club at Wright-Patterson AFB where Pete was stationed. Guest speaker was Brigadier General Leslie Mulzer, and his flying career from pushers to jets was recalled in fond tribute to a man who has contributed greatly to the development of aviation.
He then joined Link Aviation of Binghamton, New York.
He died on February 11, 1989, in Edgewater, Maryland, of respiratory failure.

## Legacy

He was inducted into the Michigan Aviation Hall of Fame on October 7, 2000.
# Frea flavomarmorata

Frea flavomarmorata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1935. It is known from the Ivory Coast.

## Subspecies

* Frea flavomarmorata flavomarmorata Breuning, 1935
* Frea flavomarmorata minettii Teocchi & al., 2009
# Clepsimacha

Clepsimacha is a genus of moths in the family Gelechiidae. It contains the species Clepsimacha eriocrossa, which is found in Taiwan.
# Pumiliopareia

Pumiliopareia is an extinct genus of pareiasaurid parareptile from the Permian period of South Africa. It is known from a complete skeleton with osteoderms.

## Description

Pumiliopareia was about 50 cm (19.6 in) in length with a 12 cm (4.7 in) skull. It is the smallest known member of the pareiasaurs, measuring only a fifth as long as some of its larger relatives. Like Anthodon, its body was entirely covered with osteoderms. In analyses that support a pareiasaur origin of turtles, the sister taxon of the testudines. However it specifically shares with turtles a single trait only: Ribs greatly expanded anteroposteriorly (i.e. wide).

## Classification

Originally included under the genus Nanoparia, it was given its own name by Lee 1997 who found it did not form a clade with Nanoparia luckhoffi, the type species of that genus, and preferred to have monophyletic genera. Nanoparia may still be a paraphyletic genus, which is allowed in Linanean binomial taxonomy, or it may be that all three pumiliopareiasaurs are similar enough to belong to single genus.
# Hans Leybold

Hans Leybold (2 April 1892 – 8 September 1914) was a German expressionist poet, whose small body of work was a major inspiration behind much of the Dada movement, in particular the works of his close friend Hugo Ball. Although Leybold died two years before the emergence of Dada, his absurdist writings and poems represent an important stage in the development of expressionist movement in Germany.
Born into a middle-class family in Frankfurt am Main, Leybold was raised in Hamburg where he completed his schooling in 1911 and joined the German Army. In his compulsory year of conscription he impressed his superior officers so much he was offered a commission and embarked on a military career. Taking a leave of absence to attend university, Leybold traveled to Munich to study German literature and whilst there he fell in with the crowd of German poets and authors who would head the Dada movement post-war. These figures included Richard Huelsenbeck, Emmy Hennings, Klabund, Johannes R. Becher, Franz Jung and most importantly of all his particular friend Hugo Ball. It was Ball who interested Leybold in the expressionist movement and soon the two of them were soon producing poetry together under the pseudonym Ha Hu Baley. In the company of these authors, Leybold experimented wildly with technique and imagery in his poetry, seeking both to develop his skills and in the process deconstruct poetry itself, heavily influenced by Alfred Kerr and Friedrich Nietzsche. In consequence of his literary experimentation, his studies went neglected and he began to edit and contribute to expressionist magazines, such as Die Aktion and his own work, the short lived magazine Revolution, in which he and his colleagues issued their literary manifesto.
   "Protect yourself against responsibilities! Hit out: against old household rubbish! And if some valuable piece gets torn up in the process: what does it matter? You respected people! You well-polished ones! You bigwigs! We ought to stick our tongues out at you! Boys, you'll say. Old men! we'll reply"
In August 1914 the First World War erupted and Leybold was immediately called up as an active reservist. Less than a month later, Leybold was seriously wounded during operations near Namur and was evacuated to a casualty clearing hospital. He recovered rapidly from his wound but on 8 September, the night he returned to his regiment, he committed suicide by gunshot to the head. His death was never fully explained, although a rumour persisted that he had syphilis and had given up on survival following his wound. His works were collected together many years after his death, as he never had a book published independently, and he is now recognised as an important influence both on Dadism and German expressionism itself.
# Geoff Barkway

Staff Sergeant Geoff Barkway DFM (18 September 1921 – 8 June 2006) was a member of the Glider Pilot Regiment who achieved fame as the pilot of the third Horsa glider to land at Pegasus Bridge in the early hours of 6 June 1944. This remarkable achievement was described as "the greatest feat of flying of the second world war" by Air Chief Marshal Sir Trafford Leigh-Mallory. Shortly after the landing he was shot in the arm and later had it amputated when gangrene set in.

## Early life

He was born in London on 18 September 1921, and educated at Leyton Technical College. He became an apprentice fitter and turner at London and North Eastern Railway, then joined the Royal Signals Territorial Army in February 1939. Mobilised at 17, he transferred to the railways branch of the Royal Engineers. In 1942 he volunteered for training as a glider pilot, and, after completing a rigorous infantry training course, learned to fly powered aircraft and then gliders.

## Pegasus Bridge

The glider that he flew landed in occupied France shortly after midnight. The two previous gliders had occupied much of the landing area and he was forced to swerve left then right to avoid number two flown by Oliver Boland. This resulted in it rotating right by 90 degrees, breaking in half and the nose ending up in a pond. Geoff Barkway was catapulted through the nose and momentarily lost consciousness. Recovering he returned to the aircraft and assisted in releasing some of his passengers who had become entangled.
Shortly afterwards he was unloading ammunition when he was shot in the right arm. When he awoke in the café alongside the bridge, his arm was in a sling and he had lost a lot of blood. He was recovered to a Portsmouth hospital, where he was to lose his arm as a result of gangrene.

## Post war

Geoff Barkway was invalided from the Army in 1945 and, after a year's rehabilitation, obtained an Engineering degree at Kingston Technical College. He then had a long career with London Transport, which included responsibility for the operation of tests on Stages Two and Three of the Victoria line. In 1973 he became a divisional engineer. After retiring in 1981, he became a consultant in underground transport systems in New York City and Singapore.
He married Eileen Underwood, whom he had met when she was serving with the ATS, in 1945. They had two sons and two daughters.
# Berlin Declaration

Berlin Declaration may refer to one of the following declarations:
* Berlin Declaration on Education for Sustainable Development (2021)
* The Berlin Declaration on the Uniqueness of Christ and Jewish Evangelism in Europe Today, a theological declaration issued by the World Evangelical Alliance in 2008
* Berlin Declaration (2007) – signed on the 50th anniversary of the Treaty of Rome
* Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (2003)
* Berlin Declaration (1945) – "Declaration regarding the defeat of Germany and the assumption of supreme authority with respect to Germany by the Governments of the United States of America, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom and the Provisional Government of the French Republic" ("de:Berliner Erklärung (Alliierte)")
* Berlin Declaration (1909) is a theological declaration condemning the Pentecostal movement
# Pevensie

Pevensie is the surname of some of the primary characters in some of C. S. Lewis' The Chronicles of Narnia books:
* Edmund Pevensie
* Lucy Pevensie
* Peter Pevensie
* Susan Pevensie
# Margaretta

Margaretta is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1875. A dozen names have been proposed as species within Margaretta, but at present only one, Margaretta rosea, is categorized as "accepted" by The Plant List. Most of the rest are "unresolved," in other words, of uncertain affinity. Margaretta rosea is native to Uganda in eastern Africa.
# Edward Gero

Edward Gero is an American stage actor active primarily in the Washington, DC area, acclaimed for his performances in Shakespeare and other classical plays.

## Early life and career

Gero, an Italian-American, was raised in Madison, New Jersey; his mother was a housemaid and his father a union president. Gero decided on a career in acting after seeing a production of Hamlet starring Stacy Keach in New York’s Delacorte amphitheater as a teenager. After his education at Montclair State University, Gero began playing small roles at Classic Stage Company, an off-Broadway theater in New York, and later was invited to play a full season at the Barter Theatre in Abingdon, Virginia. By 1983 he was appearing in productions at the Shakespeare Theatre in Washington, D.C., where he remains a fixture to this day. He has appeared in seventy productions there, including roles in all the major works of Shakespeare as well as plays by Molière and Chekhov. Gero has branched out into non-classical plays as well, appearing to great acclaim as President Richard Nixon in the two-man play Nixon’s Nixon at Roundhouse Theatre in Bethesda, Maryland. In November 2009 Gero made his debut at Ford’s Theatre, playing the role of Ebeneezer Scrooge in the company’s annual version of Dickens’ A Christmas Carol. Gero has done voice-over work for documentaries on the Discovery Channel and PBS. He is an Associate Professor of drama and Performance Area Head in the School of Theater at George Mason University, and also teaches for the University of Maryland and George Washington University. Gero has won four Helen Hayes awards: in 1989 (for Macbeth), 1994 (for Richard II), 1995 (for Henry IV), and 1998 (for Skylight). He played Mark Rothko in John Logan's Red at the Goodman Theatre in Chicago and at Arena Stage in Washington, D.C. In 2015, Gero played Supreme Court Associate Justice Antonin Scalia in John Strand's The Originalist, also at Arena Stage. He is married to Marijke Ebbinge, a former Ford model. Their son, Christian, is a sound designer and audio engineer.

## Performance

His Scalia role was first performed in Washington DC in 2015 and The New York Times gave it a positive review stating: "Mr. Gero’s portrayal is a more reflective version of Justice Scalia than the one the public sees. It is also more sympathetic than many might expect." The play is set for stage production to start performances at the Pasadena Playhouse in California on April 11, 2017.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1990 | Die Hard 2 | Engineer #5 | |
| 1993 | Striking Distance | Officer Lulley | |
# Frea fulvovestita

Frea fulvovestita is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Fairmaire in 1893.
# Wilfred Hardy

Wilfred 'Wilf' Hardy (7 July 1938 – 4 September 2016) was a British artist and illustrator who contributed many painted pages to Treasure, Look and Learn, Eagle and Speed and Power magazines. He also produced work for the Royal International Air Tattoo. He specialised in painting aircraft, producing posters and private commissions.

## Early life

He was born in Brentford in Middlesex (West London).

## Aviation work

From 1976 to the 2000s Hardy produced work for the Royal International Air Tattoo airshow, formerly the International Air Tattoo. His first advertisement poster for the airshow featured a hovering Hawker Siddeley Harrier GR.1. His artwork for the next five shows included aircraft such as the Panavia Tornado GR.1, Lockheed Hercules and Hawker Siddeley Nimrod. For the 1983 edition, he helped create a design that would become commonplace for many years to come, with the aircraft heading straight towards the viewer. Over time this design was refined further with more aircraft being included and with the medium of a poster primarily changing to that of a programme, this design can be seen in the 1994 and 1996 editions.
In 1979, he designed the special paint scheme for a Royal Air Force McDonnell Douglas Phantom FGR.2 (XV424), and its backup (XV486), which was to re-enact the Transatlantic flight of Alcock and Brown for the 60th anniversary of the crossing.
Hardy also provided illustrations for other airshows and the cover of several editions of the Royal Air Force Yearbook.

## Personal life

He lived in Kent. He married Barbara Woolstencroft in 1960 in Kent. They had three sons (born 1961, 1963 and 1965).
# Great Repeal Bill

Great Repeal Bill may refer to two items of United Kingdom legislation:
* Great Repeal Bill (2008 proposal), Conservative proposal which fed into the Protection of Freedoms Act 2012
* European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018, first proposed under the title "Great Repeal Bill" in 2016 by the May ministry as part of Brexit
# Harold Cooper

Harold Cooper may refer to:
* Harold More Cooper (1886–1970), Australian anthropologist
* Harold Cooper (baseball) (1923–2010), minor league baseball executive and county commissioner of Franklin County, Ohio
* Harold Cooper (American football) (1912–1972), American football player
* Harry Cooper (veterinarian) (born 1943), Australian veterinarian and television personality
* Hal Cooper (director) (1923–2014), American television director and producer
* Hal Cooper (ice hockey) (1913–1977), Canadian ice hockey player
# Geoff Ferris (motorsport)

Geoff Ferris (born 2 August 1936) is a British racing car designer who has designed open-wheel racing cars for Penske Racing (Formula One and CART), Lotus (Formula One), Rebaque (Formula One) and Brabham (Formula 2, Formula Atlantic/B, Formula 3, and F5000).
He has twice (1980 and 1982) won the Louis Schwitzer Award for innovation and engineering excellence in the field of racing car design.
# Berthierite

Berthierite is a mineral, a sulfide of iron and antimony with formula FeSb$_2$S$_4$. It is steel grey in colour with a metallic lustre which can be covered by an iridescent tarnish. Because of its appearance it is often mistaken for stibnite.
It was discovered in France in 1827 and named for the French chemist, Pierre Berthier (1782–1861).
# Beneath Medicine Tree

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Punknews.org | |
Beneath Medicine Tree is the first full-length album from Copeland. Beneath Medicine Tree features a heavy medical theme. Aaron Marsh admits that the lyrics in this album were inspired by the hospitalization of his girlfriend and the death of his grandmother. The album booklet includes photographs by then-bassist James Likeness of hospital scenes. Marsh cites that, "With Beneath Medicine Tree, I wanted to make a record that moves people, while with In Motion, I wanted to make a record that makes people move."
Vulture.com described "When Paula Sparks" as the emo centerpiece of the album, "being one of [the emo genre's] deepest and richest examinations of grief."

## Track listing

* "Brightest" – 2:05
* "Testing the Strong Ones" – 3:36
* "Priceless (For Eleanor)" – 4:50
* "Take Care" – 4:10
* "When Paula Sparks" – 4:54
* "California" – 5:26
* "She Changes Your Mind" – 3:48
* "There Cannot be a Close Second" – 3:38
* "Coffee" – 4:46
* "Walking Downtown" – 3:06
* "When Finally Set Free" – 3:55
The title track, "Beneath Medicine Tree", was not included in the final release of this album, but was instead re-written and released as "Love Is a Fast Song" on their second album, In Motion.
# Pevensey Haven

Pevensey Haven is a 6.1-kilometre (3.8 mi) long river in the Pevensey Levels in the Wealden district of East Sussex, England, that is a tributary to Salt Haven in the civil parish of Westham.

## Course

Pevensey Haven rises at the confluence of two smaller streams in the neighbourhood of Rickney (BN27)—Hurst Haven to the northeast, and Glynleigh Sewer to the west. Pevensey Haven flows a southerly course before turning east; after it receives the waters of Chilley Stream (east), it commences a southeasterly course into the civil parish of Pevensey. Pevensey Haven then turns south and flows underneath the Pevensey Bypass section of the A27 road via a culvert, where it receives the waters of Old Haven. When Pevensey Haven reaches Westham, it curves east to become known as Salt Haven.

## Water quality

Water quality of the river in 2019, according to the Environment Agency, a non-departmental public body sponsored by the United Kingdom's Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs:
| Ecological Status | Chemical Status | Length | Catchment |
| Moderate | Fail | 6.181 km (3.841 mi) | 36.708 km$^2$ (14.173 sq mi) |
# Edmund Darch Lewis

Edmund Darch Lewis (October 17, 1835 – August 12, 1910) was an American landscape painter known for his prolific style and marine oils and watercolors. Lewis was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in a well-to-do family. He started training at age 15 with German-born Paul Weber (1823–1916) of the Hudson River School. At age 19 he exhibited at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, and was elected an Associate of the Academy at age 24.

## Career

Lewis's early work in oil, because of his excellent training, was precocious and is considered technically superior to his later work. He traveled throughout Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York, painting river scenes, and for 2 decades he traveled to the White Mountains and painted landscapes of mountains, rivers, and lakes. He made extensive marine paintings throughout New England, becoming a prolific and successful artist. His work was appreciated because of the luminosity of their objects. Because of the lively yet glowing work, he is considered one of the Luminist painters in the Hudson River School.
After mastering oil painting early in his career, Lewis switched to watercolor painting. Although not as technically outstanding, his watercolors were also admired for their luminosity - Luminism, and Lewis continued to generate canvases in mass production style.

### Later life

Later in life, as an affluent artist Lewis collected decorative art, including furniture, ceramics, tapestries, and paintings by the masters. He had 2 adjacent homes constructed on 22nd St. in downtown Philadelphia to show his collection to Philadelphia society.

### Lake Willoughby

Lewis's painting of Lake Willoughby (Vermont), a huge 80-inch canvas finished in 1867, is owned by the Pennsylvania Academy. The painting emphasized both the picturesque and sublime aspects of nature like other popular, mid-century popular spectacular panoramas of the Hudson River School.
# Edward Gerrard

Edward Gerrard may refer to:
* Edward Gerrard (footballer), English footballer
* Edward Gerrard (taxidermist), founder of London taxidermy firm Edward Gerrard & Sons