OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Caroline Lamarche

Caroline Lamarche (French pronunciation:; born 3 March 1955) is a French-speaking writer. She was born in Liège and spent her early childhood in Spain and her later childhood near Paris. With a degree in Romance languages, she taught in Liège and in Nigeria. As of 2008, she lives on the outskirts of Brussels.

## Body of work

She has had six novels published by publishers Les Éditions de Minuit and later Éditions Gallimard. She has published poetry, including the French half of the French-Dutch bilingual book Entre-deux / Twee vrouwen van twee kanten (with Hilde Keteleer, published by Fram), and further short shories including J'ai cent ans (published by Le Serpent à Plumes). She has also produced for-radio works for France-Culture and for Belgian radio, and scripts for plays (Théâtre du Festin, Montluçon, Paris).
Her main works since the turn of the 21st century have been Carnets d'une soumise de province ("Notes from a submissive country girl"), Voies Libres ("Free Paths"), with photographer Christian Carez (published by MET), the novel Karl et Lola and the illustrated story La Barbière as well as a children's book Le Phoque (éd. du Rouergue, 2008).

## Works (selection)

* Le Jour du chien, Minuit, Prix Rossel (1996)
* La nuit l'après-midi, Minuit (1998)
** Published in English as "Night in the Afternoon"
* J'ai cent ans, nouvelles, Le Serpent à Plumes (1999), rééd. Le Rocher/Le Serpent à Plumes (2006)
* L'ours, Gallimard (2000)
* Lettres du pays froid, Gallimard (2003)
* Carnets d'une soumise de province, Folio Gallimard (2004)
* Karl et Lola, Gallimard (2007)
* La Barbière, Les Impressions Nouvelles (2007)
* Mons, photos de Marie-Françoise Plissart, Les Impressions Nouvelles (2009)
* Liège-Guillemins. La gare blanche, photos de Alain Janssens. Mardaga / Eurogare (2010)
* La Chienne de Naha, Gallimard (2012)

## Awards

For her early short stories, she was awarded the Prix Radio France Internationale and the Prix de la Fureur de Lire. Her first novel Le jour du chien was awarded the Prix Rossel.
For her radio piece L'autre langue ("The other language"), she received the "Prix SACD" at the Festival Phonurgia Nova, Arles 2003.
# François-Augustin de Paradis de Moncrif

François-Augustin de Paradis de Moncrif (1687, Paris – 19 November 1770, Paris) was a French writer and poet, of a family originally of Scots origin. He was appointed historiographer royal to Louis XV of France. His parody of owlishly pedantic scholarship, Histoire des chats, and the protection of the house of Orléans gained him entry to the Académie française. Maurepas records in his memoirs that at the induction ceremony, a member let loose a cat he had secreted in his pocket: the cat miaowed, the Académiciens miaowed and the serious oration dissolved in laughter.

## Works

* Les Aventures de Zeloïde et d'Amanzarifdine, contes indiens, 1715
* La Fausse magie, prose comedy in 3 acts, Comédie Italienne, 1719
* L'Oracle de Delphes, verse comedy in 3 acts, Comédie-Française, 1722; adapted from La Fontaine's Le Mari confesseur, it was interdicted at the fourth performance, its satire against paganism appearing to be applicable to the Christian religion.
* Histoire des Chats : dissertation sur la prééminence des chats dans la société, sur les autres animaux d'Égypte, sur les distinctions et privilèges dont ils ont joui personnellement, 1727
* Les Abdérites, verse comedy in 1 act, 1732
* L'Empire de l'Amour, ballet en vers libres, 1733
* Essais sur la Necessité et sur les Moyens de Plaire, 1738
* Les Ames rivales, novel 1738
* Œuvres mêlées, 1743
* Zélindor, roi des Sylphes, ballet libretto, music by François Francœur and François Rebel, presented at Versailles 17 March 1745
* Poésies chrétiennes composées par ordre de la Reine, 1747
* Almasis, ballet, 1748
* Ismène, pastorale héroïque, 1748
* Observations pour servir à l'histoire des gens de lettres qui ont vécu dans ce siècle, 1751
* La Sybille, ballet music by Antoine Dauvergne presented at Versailles, 13 November 1753
* Enée et Lavinie (with Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle), lyric tragedy in 5 actst music by Antoine Dauvergne, presented at the Académie royale de musique, 14 February 1758
* Les Fêtes d'Euterpe (with Charles-Simon Favart), opera-ballet, music by Antoine Dauvergne, presented at the Académie royale de musique, 8 August 1758
* Erosine, pastorale héroïque, 1765
# Begoña Fernández (mathematician)

María Asunción Begoña Fernández Fernández (published as Begoña Fernández) is a Mexican mathematician specializing in probability theory, stochastic processes, and mathematical finance. She is a professor of mathematics at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).

## Education

Fernández studied mathematics at UNAM, graduating in 1979. She earned a master's degree in statistics and operations research in 1986, and completed her doctorate at CINVESTAV in 1990.

## Recognition

Fernández is a member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences.
# Eastern Nile State

Eastern Nile was a state in South Sudan that existed between 2 October 2015 and 14 January 2017 when it was divided into Central Upper Nile State and Northern Upper Nile State. It was located in the Greater Upper Nile region and it was part of the former states of Upper Nile and Jonglei. The state bordered the states of Eastern Bieh, Latjoor, Western Bieh, Fashoda State, and the country of Ethiopia to the east.

## History

Before Eastern Nile State was formed, its territory was in the former states of Upper Nile and Jonglei. On 2 October 2015, President Salva Kiir issued a decree establishing 28 states in place of the 10 constitutionally established states. The decree established the new states largely along ethnic lines. A number of opposition parties and civil society groups challenged the constitutionality of the decree. Kiir later resolved to take it to parliament for approval as a constitutional amendment. In November the South Sudanese parliament empowered President Kiir to create new states. Chol Thon Balook was appointed Governor on 24 December 2015. On 14 January 2017 Eastern Nile State was divided into Central Upper Nile State and Northern Upper Nile State.

## Geography

Eastern Nile State was located in the Greater Upper Nile region and the state borders the states of Latjoor and Eastern Bieh to the south, Western Bieh and Western Nile to the west, and the country of Ethiopia to the east.

### Administrative divisions

When Eastern Nile State was formed, the state split even further into a total of 11 counties. These counties are Malakal County, Renk County, Melut County, Sobat West County, Sobat East County, Akoka County, Koma County, Atar County, Khor Fulus County, Northeast Maban County, and Southeast Maban County. Each county was also given a county commissioner.

### Towns and cities

The capital of the state was Malakal. Malakal's population in 2015 was 160,765. Malakal is the 2nd largest in the country. Other towns and villages in the state of Eastern Nile include Daga Post, Doleib Hill, Melut (located in Melut County), and Renk (located in Renk County).
# Bhujung

Bhujung is a village development committee in Lamjung District in the Gandaki Province of northern-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1621 people living in 339 individual households.
# Geyiktepe, Yenişehir

Geyiktepe is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Yenişehir, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. Its population is 110 (2022).
# Frances Howard

Frances Howard may refer to:
* Frances Howard, Countess of Surrey née de Vere (1516–1577), daughter of the Earl of Oxford and wife of the executed Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
* Frances Howard, Countess of Kildare (d. 1628), courtier
* Frances Stewart, Duchess of Lennox née Frances Howard (1578–1639), daughter of Thomas Howard, Viscount Bindon
* Frances Carr, Countess of Somerset née Frances Howard (1591–1632), countess of Somerset and dau. of Lord Thomas Howard
* Frances Howard (actress) (1903–1976), American actress and wife of film producer Samuel Goldwyn
* Frances Minturn Howard (1905–1995), American poet
* Frances Drake or Frances Howard (1912–2000), American actress
# Grand Forks City Hall

Grand Forks City Hall is a building in Grand Forks, North Dakota that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
It was built in 1911.
It was designed by Grand Forks architect John W. Ross and was built by Northern Construction & Engineering.
In a 1981 survey of Downtown Grand Forks historical resources, it was stated this building "is pure Beaux Arts. Rather small in scale and only two storys over a raised basement, the City Hall is faced with ashlar and was similar in mass, style, and materials to the recently razed Carnegie Library which was located nearby."$^{:5}$
The listing was for an area of less than one acre with just the one building.
# Clanculus undatoides

Clanculus undatoides is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

## Description

The height of the shell attains 10 mm, its diameter also 10 mm. The rather small, somewhat solid shell is turbinately conoid. It is opaque, reddish rose with indistinct purple spots. The 5½ flat whorls increase rapidly in size. They are margined below, girdled with 6 series of rounded granules, of which the lowest line is the smallest. They increase gradually in size to the suture, which is coronate and broadly canaliculate. The base is flattened, ornamented with 8 spiral lines of close rose colored granules. The rhomboid aperture contains a thickened lip, which is lirate inside. The columella has two obtuse, blunt tubercles above and below, and intermediate small obsolete teeth. The narrow umbilicus is white, with a rather conspicuous white margin.

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off New South Wales and Victoria.
# Frank Grimes (disambiguation)

Frank Grimes (born 1947), is an Irish actor.
Frank Grimes may also refer to:
* Frank Grimes, a character in The Simpsons
* Frank Grimes, Jr., son of Frank Grimes, in The Simpsons episode "The Great Louse Detective"
* Lt. Frank Grimes, character in the 2002 movie John Q
* Francis "Frank" Grimes, character in the show Ugly Americans
# Marcel-Léger Ecological Reserve

Marcel-Léger Ecological Reserve is an ecological reserve in Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada. It was established in 1981.
# Bhuk Deurali

Bhuk Deurali is a village development committee in Parbat District in the Dhawalagiri Zone of central Nepal.
# Ectatomin

Ectatomin is a protein toxin from the venom of the ant Ectatomma tuberculatum. Ectatomin can efficiently insert into the plasma membrane, where it can form channels. Ectatomin was shown to inhibit L-type calcium currents in isolated rat cardiac myocytes. In these cells, ectatomin induces a gradual, irreversible increase in ion leakage across the membrane, which can lead to cell death.
Ectatomin is composed of two subunits, A and B, which are homologous. The structure of ectatomin reveals that each subunit consists of two alpha helices with a connecting hinge region, which form a hairpin structure that is stabilized by disulfide bridges. A disulfide bridge between the hinge regions of the two subunits links the heterodimer together, forming a closed bundle of four alpha helices with a left-handed twist.
# Graham Thompson (swimmer)

Graham Thompson (born 2 May 1964) is a Zimbabwean butterfly, freestyle and medley swimmer. He competed in four events at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Antimitra lirata

Antimitra lirata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colubrariidae.
# François Gonon

François Gonon (born 23 April 1979) is a French orienteering competitor. He has received gold and silver medals with the French relay team in both world championships and European championships. He currently competes for the French orienteering club O'JURA and for the Swedish orienteering club IFK Göteborg.

## Biography

He competed at the 2005 World Orienteering Championships in Aichi, where he received a silver medal in relay with the French team. He received a silver medal in the relay event at the 2006 European Orienteering Championships in Otepää, together with Damien Renard and Thierry Gueorgiou. He finished 6th overall in the Orienteering World Cup in 2007. He received a bronze medal in the long distance event at the 2008 World Orienteering Championships in Olomouc. He received a gold medal in the relay event and a bronze medal in the long distance event at the 2011 World Orienteering Championships in Savoie.
# Parmelia lambii

Parmelia lambii is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in the Antarctic Peninsula.

## Taxonomy

The species was first described by Auguste-Marie Hue in 1915 as Physcia tabacina. The type specimen was collected from Jenny Island in Marguerite Bay. Although the specimen was later lost, Elke Mackenzie had examined it and written up an unpublished description in 1959. Based on Mackenzie's detailed description, Dag Olav Øvstedal proposed in 2009 that the specimen actually represented a previously unrecognized species of Parmelia. He considered that the minute punctiform (point-like) pseudocyphellae suggested a position in genus Punctelia, but the presence of atranorin and salazinic acid as lichen products indicated a placement in Parmelia. Because the name Parmelia tabacina had already been published for another taxon, a new name was need, and so Øvstedal honoured Elke Mackenzie (formerly Lamb) in the new specific epithet lambii.
# Buddhist (horse)

Buddhist (1886 – December 30, 1893) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 1889 Preakness Stakes at the Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Maryland. Buddhist's sire and dam were Hindoo and Emma Hanly. Buddhist's was bred in Kentucky by Ezekiel F. Clay & Catesby Woodford and his owner was Samuel S. Brown. He was trained by future U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee, John W. Rogers.
Buddhist's jockey, George "Spider" Anderson, is considered among the great African American jockeys in horse racing history. On May 10, 1889, Anderson and Buddhist finished the race with an astonishing time of 2:17.50 and became the 17th winners of the Preakness Stakes. Buddhist made Preakness history by having one of the largest winning margins when he won the race by eight lengths. Buddhist died in a stable fire on December 30, 1893, that also killed 11 other horses at C. V. Hollar's Bishop Farm.

## Pedigree

Pedigree of Buddhist :
| Sire Hindoo 1878 | Virgil 1864 | Vandal | Glencoe I |
| Sire Hindoo 1878 | Virgil 1864 | Vandal | Tranby Mare |
| Sire Hindoo 1878 | Virgil 1864 | Hymenia | Yorkshire |
| Sire Hindoo 1878 | Virgil 1864 | Hymenia | Little Peggy |
| Sire Hindoo 1878 | Florence 1869 | Lexington | Boston |
| Sire Hindoo 1878 | Florence 1869 | Lexington | Alice Carneal |
| Sire Hindoo 1878 | Florence 1869 | Weatherwitch | Weatherbit |
| Sire Hindoo 1878 | Florence 1869 | Weatherwitch | Birdcatcher Mare |
| Dam Emma Hanly 1880 | Buckden 1869 | Lord Clifden | Newminster |
| Dam Emma Hanly 1880 | Buckden 1869 | Lord Clifden | The Slave |
| Dam Emma Hanly 1880 | Buckden 1869 | Consequence | Bay Middleton |
| Dam Emma Hanly 1880 | Buckden 1869 | Consequence | Result |
| Dam Emma Hanly 1880 | Glena 1874 | Glengarry | Thormanby |
| Dam Emma Hanly 1880 | Glena 1874 | Glengarry | Carbine |
| Dam Emma Hanly 1880 | Glena 1874 | Neutrality | Revenue |
| Dam Emma Hanly 1880 | Glena 1874 | Neutrality | Sea Breeze |
# Penicillium rudallense

Penicillium rudallense is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium isolated from the Karlamilyi National Park in Western Australia.
# Galeshewe Anti-Aircraft Regiment

Galeshewe Anti-Aircraft Regiment (formerly Regiment Vaalriver) is a reserve air defence artillery regiment of the South African Army.

## History
### Origin

Regiment Vaalrivier was established on 1 January 1960 as one of the Afrikaans medium anti-aircraft units. The unit was headquartered in Vereeniging.

### Border War

Regiment Vaalrivier provided air defence in the Border War from 1976 to 1984 as part of 7 South African Infantry Division.

### Equipment and operations

Regiment Vaalrivier was initially armed with 35mm Oerlikon and 40mm Bofors units. By 1975, the regiment only had three 35mm batteries of 12 guns per battery.
Regiment Vaalrivier provided air defence artillery for the border war in 1976 to 1980, stationing batteries at Grootfontein, Rundu, Ondwanga, Ruacana and Oshakati and once again Ruacana in 1980.
By 1984 forward, the regiment was involved in cross border operations as well.

### Amalgamation

In 1997 members of Regiment Overvaal were amalgamated into the Regiment.

### Migration

Regiment Vaalrivier moved to Apex Base in Brakpan in 2008, but eventually was transferred to Kimberley.

### Name Change

In August 2019, 52 Reserve Force units had their names changed to reflect the diverse military history of South Africa. Regiment Vaalriver became the Galeshewe Anti-Aircraft Regiment, and have 3 years to design and implement new regimental insignia.

## Battle honours

* Operation Savannah (Angola)

## Freedom of the City

Regiment Vaalrivier received the Freedom of Vereeniging on 27 April 1963 and the Freedom of Vanderbijlpark on 31 October 1970.
# Ectatomma parasiticum

Ectatomma parasiticum is a species of ant in the subfamily Ectatomminae. Known from Mexico, the species is a social parasite of the related species Ectatomma tuberculatum. It is the only parasitic species described in the Ectatomminae subfamily, and among the rare inquilines from the tropics.

## Parasitism

Ectatomma parasiticum shares several life-history traits with other workerless inquiline ants: rarity, local distribution, variation in abundance, limited dispersal, intracolonial mating, queen miniaturization, morphological similarity with its host, and quasiexclusive production of sexuals. Some of these parasitic traits, the polygynous population of the host, and the association between sibling species are arguments which may support the hypothesis of sympatric speciation. Despite a possible recent divergence of the social parasite from its host, E. parasiticum can be discriminated by its host, and then potentially rejected. Nevertheless, most parasites elicited interest and attractiveness from the host, probably because of their peculiar chemical profile (a weak chemical signature) and/or their reproductive status.
Fénéron et al. (2013) suggested that E. parasiticum could have conserved from its host sibling species the queen-specific substances that produce attracting and settling effect on workers, then making the exploitation of the host easier. However, recognition in ants is a multi-component system which encodes different types of information, but not independently of one another. For example, it has been suggested that fertility signal interferes with the production or the perception of colony-specific cues in Camponotus floridanus. In case of E. parasiticum, host worker attractiveness due to the queen-specific substance could, in return, increase the probability to be detected as carrying distinct recognition cues, and then to be attacked by the most discriminating host workers. This hypothesis would explain why the social integration of the parasite into host colonies is imperfect.
# Fourth Ward School

Fourth Ward School may refer to:
* Fourth Ward School (Virginia City, Nevada), an NRHP contributing property in the Virginia City Historic District
* Fourth Ward School (Seneca Falls, New York), on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Seneca County, New York
* Fourth Ward School (San Antonio, Texas), on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Bexar County, Texas
* Fourth Ward School (Morgantown, West Virginia) on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Monongalia County, West Virginia
# Ben Day process

The Ben Day process is a printing and photoengraving technique for producing areas of gray or (with four-color printing) various colors by using fine patterns of ink on the paper. It was developed in 1879 by illustrator and printer Benjamin Henry Day Jr. (son of 19th-century publisher Benjamin Henry Day). The process is commonly described in terms of Ben Day dots, but other shapes can be used, such as parallel lines or textures.
Depending on the effect, color, or optical illusion needed, small colored dots are closely spaced, widely spaced, or overlapping. Magenta dots, for example, are widely spaced to create pink, or an interleaved pattern of cyan and yellow dots might be used to produce a medium green. The technique has been widely used in color comic books, especially in the mid 20th century, to inexpensively create shading and secondary colors.
The process differs from the halftone dots, which can vary continuously in size to produce gradations of shading or color, and are commonly produced from photographs. Ben Day dots are of equal size and distribution across a specific area, and are commonly applied to line art or graphic designs. To apply the dots, the artist would cut the appropriate shapes from transparent overlay sheets, which were available in a wide variety of dot size and distribution, to provide a range of tones to use. When photographically reproduced as a line cut for letterpress printing, the areas of Ben Day overlay provided the effect of tonal shading to the printing plate.
Ben Day dots have been used deliberately, usually to evoke their use in color comics. They were a hallmark of American artist Roy Lichtenstein, who enlarged and exaggerated them in many of his paintings and sculptures to evoke the printing technique used in the comic book illustrations he commonly copied. The animated trilogy Spider-Verse (2018–2024) uses a variety of visual styles, including illustrations with visible Ben Day dots.
# Belaturricula ergata

Belaturricula ergata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Borsoniidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 32 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Antarctic waters of the Scotia Sea. and the Weddell Sea.
# Penicillium sacculum

Penicillium sacculum is an anamorph species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which produces the xanthone 1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-6-sulfo-8-methylxanthone. Penicillium sacculum was isolated from the halophyte plant Atriplex
# Fourth Ward Polling Place

The Fourth Ward Polling Place was a municipal building located at 209 Washington Street in Petoskey, Michigan. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. The building is missing and presumed demolished.
The Fourth Ward Polling Place was a single story, gable-roofed Classical Revival structure built of concrete block and faced with rock. The facade had a stepped parapet, an entrance on one side, and two windows. The side wall had three garage doors and another window.
The building was constructed at some point just after 1907. The building served for many years as a polling place, and for other municipal uses.