OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ober-Laudenbach

Ober-Laudenbach is a district of the town of Heppenheim in the state of Hesse, Germany. Formerly an independent municipality, it was merged into Heppenheim in 1971.

## History

Archaeological finds (burial mounds) show that Ober-Laudenbach was already a settlement 4000 years ago. Laudenbach was first documented in 795, referred to as Lutenbach. Around 1200, it became the principal town of Ober-Laudenbach.
# Ober-Ramstadt

Ober-Ramstadt is a town in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district, in Hessen, Germany. It is situated 9 km southeast of Darmstadt. As of 2020, its population was 15,127.

## Geography
### Location

Ober-Ramstadt is situated 9 km away from Darmstadt on the Bundesstrasse 426 (National Route 426) at the foot of the Odenwald. The small river Modau flows through Ober-Ramstadt, forming a little artificial lake south of the city.

### Neighbouring communities and areas

Ober-Ramstadt borders Roßdorf to the north, to the east the city of Reinheim, Groß-Bieberau to the southeast, the community of Modautal in the south, to the west Mühltal, and to the northwest the city of Darmstadt.

### Divisions and districts

Since 1977, Ober-Ramstadt is formed by the town itself plus three more Stadtteile: Modau, (2.877 citizens 30 June 2005), Wembach-Hahn, (1.004 citizens 30 June 2005), and Rohrbach, (1.534 citizens 30 June 2005), which joined in voluntarily in 1972.

## History

Traces of first settlement have been found which date from the later Stone Age. Written evidence derives from 1310, when Eberhardt, Count of Katzenelnbogen received the same freedoms and rights as the city of Frankfurt for his town Ramstadt. This included the right to hold a market and to build fortifications around the town. During and after the Thirty Years' War, the bigger part of population died, mainly through pestilence.
In 1699, Ernest Louis, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt allowed the Waldensians from the Piedmont valley of Pragelato to settle on his property in Rohrbach, Wembach and Hahn, which were left deserted as a result of the preceding war and pestilence. The Waldensians had to flee from their hometowns because of religious pursuits. Waldensians still have a vital religious community in Rohrbach-Wembach-Hahn. Until the end of the 19th century, waldensian school lessons were taught in French language.
Since the 19th century, Ober-Ramstadt began to industrialize. In 1895, Eduard Murjahn founded the „Deutsche Amphibolin-Werke“ (German Amphibolite Works), which today is market leader in the paints and enamels branch in Germany and other countries. In 1901, a centralized watersupply was set up, followed by electricity in 1907.
The town history can be seen in the town museum, located in the former town hall built in 1732.

## International relations

Ober-Ramstadt is twinned with:
* Cogoleto, Italy, since 1959
* Pragelato, Italy, since 1974
* Vermezzo, Italy, since 2003
* Zelo Surrigone, Italy, since 2003
* Saint-André-les-Vergers, France, since 1970
* Thurm (today part of Mülsen), Germany, since 1990
* Fethiye (Malatya), Turkey, since 2004

## Famous people

* Georg Christoph Lichtenberg (1742–1799), born in Ober-Ramstadt, 18th-century scientist and satirist.
* Friedrich Alefeld (1820–1872) lived and died in Ober-Ramstadt, was a botanist, author and medical practitioner.
* Arnulf Zitelmann (born 1929) is a freelance author.
* Gerhard Kleppinger (born 1958) former footballer.
# Euchromius keredjella

Euchromius keredjella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Hans Georg Amsel in 1949. It is found in Iran, Afghanistan and Turkey.
# Euchromius klimeschi

Euchromius klimeschi is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Mozambique, South Africa and Namibia.
The length of the forewings is 12–15 mm. Adults are on wing from October to December and from February to March. In Somalia, adults have also been recorded in April, May and June.
# Eunomia (disambiguation)

Eunomia is one of the Horae, goddesses of Greek mythology. Eunomia may also refer to:
* Eunomia (moth), a moth genus
* The Eunomia family of asteroids (named after the goddess)
** 15 Eunomia, the largest asteroid in that family
* Eunomia (plant), a genus of plants in the family Brassicaceae
* A fictional computer in SoltyRei; see List of SoltyRei characters#Eunomia
# Eua expansa

Eua expansa is a species of tropical air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Partulidae.
The following cladogram shows the phylogenic relations of Eua expansa:
# Haematococcus pluvialis

Haematococcus pluvialis is a freshwater species of Chlorophyta from the family Haematococcaceae. This species is well known for its high content of the strong antioxidant astaxanthin, which is important in aquaculture, and cosmetics. The high amount of astaxanthin is present in the resting cells, which are produced and rapidly accumulated when the environmental conditions become unfavorable for normal cell growth. Examples of such conditions include bright light, high salinity, and low availability of nutrients. Haematococcus pluvialis is usually found in temperate regions around the world. Their resting cysts are often responsible for the blood-red colour seen in the bottom of dried out rock pools and bird baths. This colour is caused by astaxanthin which is believed to protect the resting cysts from the detrimental effect of UV-radiation, when exposed to direct sunlight.

## Gallery

* H. pluvialis
* A single flagellate of H. pluvialis
* Drawing of Haematococcus pluvialis
* Cultivation of H. pluvialis

## Synonyms

Sphaerella pluvialis Flotow Famille des Sporulacés. Catégorie lapinistique. Herbacées .

## Cultures

UTEX Culture 2505 Haematococcus pluvialis CCAP Strain Number 34/6 Haematococcus pluvialis Flotow SCCAP Culture number K-0084 Haematococcus pluvialis Flot. 1844 em. Wille 1903

## Culture medium

Vinasse can be used as a basal medium for Haematococcus pluvialis culture. The vinasse culture medium consist of vinasse diluted to 3% and supplemented with 0.7% NaCl, and the pH was adjusted to 7.0. A 0.4 g/L quantity of inoculum can be used for the initial culture (cells in vegetative growth). The culture must be performed with 0.5 vvm air at 25 °C, and until 15 days of culture.
# Haematodendron

Haematodendron is a monotypic genus of trees in the family Myristicaceae containing a single species, Haematodendron glabrum, endemic to forests of east Madagascar.
# Hadavalli

Hadavalli is a small village, situated about 17 km from Bhatkala in Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka, India.

## History

Hadavalli, which finds its name in history as Sangeetapura, was once believed to be an abode for musicians and also a center for art and architecture.

## Nature

There a number of Jain Basadi in Hadavalli. The basadis are housed in the Chandragiri and Indragiri hills that stand facing each other. It is said about these hills that the tatwapada (songs of principles), which used to be sung on Chandragiri, were interpreted by the scholars sitting on top of Indragiri. A special sound system like that of a dome was said to have been constructed on the hill for the same. Indragiri has two footprints inscribed on stone and on Chandragiri is a small basadi with no shrine.

## Temples

Though it is said that several basadis existed in the area, there are very few which have overcome the onslaught of time. Among them, the Chandranath basadi stands out as a prominent one. As the name itself suggests, the Chandranath basadi has a statue of Jain Teerthankara, Chandranath. The architecture of the place dates back to the 14th century when it was said to be the capital of Saluva dynasty.
Said to be built in the Vijayanagara Empire style, the Chandranath basadi is supported by 24 pillars, with the doors and pillars inside containing detailed carvings.
There are many other basadis adjacent to Chandranath basadi such as Parshwanath and Neminath basadi, besides the Padmavati temple. The statues of 24 teerthankara have been displayed at the renovated Padmavathi temple.
The Padmavati temple remains in possession of a family which has statues of twenty four Thirthankaras. They are carved in black polished stone, each over half a meter tall. All the statues have inscriptions wrought in very small letters. The temple looks like a house from outside. Regular puja (worship) takes place every day.
It is also said that 132 statues, which were taken from here for an exhibition in Belgaum, were never returned. Nobody now knows where these statues are.
# Euderces spinicornis

Euderces spinicornis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Louis Alexandre Auguste Chevrolat in 1835 and is known from South, Central, and North America, specifically from Colombia, Honduras, Guatemala, and southern Mexico (Veracruz).
# Euderces pulcher

Euderces pulcher is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1874 and is known from Central and North America, specifically from Nicaragua, Honduras, Guatemala, and Mexico. Its larvae feed on Guazuma ulmifolia.
# Obrćevac

Obrćevac is a village in the municipality of Kladanj, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was nil, down from 102 in 1991.
# Obręb

Obręb may refer to the following places:
* Obręb, Piaseczno County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Obręb, Pułtusk County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Obręb, Sierpc County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Obręb, Żuromin County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
# Eunidia sexplagiata

Eunidia sexplagiata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1954.
# Eunidia spinicornis

Eunidia spinicornis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Péringuey in 1888.
# Eunidia stramentosa

Eunidia stramentosa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1939.
# Obertsrot

Obertsrot is a village in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is administratively part of the town of Gernsbach in the Rastatt district.

## Geography

The village is located south of Gernsbach in the Murg Valley. The main settlement lies west of the Murg River.

## History

The first mention of Obertsrot is in a document from 1377, held in the State Archives in Karlsruhe. On April 1, 1970, Obertsrot merged with Hilpertsau to form the Obertsrot community, which was then incorporated into the town of Gernsbach on July 1, 1974.

### Coat of Arms

The Obertsrot coat of arms depicts two diagonally crossed pike poles with their tips turned outwards, with three red roses in between them. This design is ringed by a blue knotted rope.
* Coat of arms of Obertsrot
* Former coat of arms of Obertsrot
# Hagnagora clustimena

Hagnagora clustimena is a species of moth of the family Geometridae first described by Herbert Druce in 1893. It is found in Mexico, Panama, Honduras and Costa Rica.
Adults are on average smaller than Hagnagora croceitincta and slightly larger than Hagnagora mirandahenrichae. The white transversal blotch on the forewing stretches to the costal margin and the apical dark-brown area reaches vein CuA2, as also observed in H. mirandahenrichae. H. clustimena is slightly paler than H. mirandahenrichae.
# Ocalea

Ocalea may refer to:
* Ocalea (mythology)
* Ocalea (genus), a genus of insect of the order Coleoptera
* Ocalea (river)
* Ocalea (town)
# Ocalea (beetle)

Ocalea is a genus of the rove beetles (insects in the family Staphylinidae). The group contains 24 species which can be found on the mainland of Europe (mostly in Romania) North America (British Columbia and perhaps other locations), and in New Zealand.

## Species

* Ocalea agnita
* Ocalea badia
* Ocalea columbiana
* Ocalea franciscana
* Ocalea grandicollis
* Ocalea gyorgyi
* Ocalea robusta
# Eurytrochus strangei

Eurytrochus strangei is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

## Description

The shell grows to a length of 10 mm, its diameter 8 mm. The small, rather thin, narrowly umbilicate shell has a globose-conical shape. It is lusterless, olive colored, with scattered white dots, and obliquely radiating brown flames below the sutures, the spiral ribs with minute brown dots. The acute spire is conical,. The sutures are subcanaliculate. The five convex whorls are encircled by strong spiral ridges, 3 on the upper, 4 on the body whorl, the fourth forming the periphery. The interstices are spirally striate, below the suture radiately lamellose striate. The base contains numerous concentric lirae. A patch around the umbilicus is white, articulated with brown. The aperture is subquadrangular, iridescent and sulcate within. The straight columella is usually green tinged.
The strong keels of the upper surface separate this form from allied species.

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria.
# Hamad Al Busaidi

Hamad Al Busaidi may refer to:
* Hamad bin Said Al Busadi, Sultan of Oman from 1786 to 1792
* Hamad bin Thuwaini Al Busaidi, Sultan of Zanzibar from 1893 to 1896
# HMS Prospero (1837)

HMS Prospero was a wood-hulled British paddle steamer built in 1829 on the River Clyde at Port Glasgow as Belfast for service between Glasgow and Belfast. In 1837 she was purchased by the Admiralty to run as HMS Prospero on the packet service between Pembroke and Ireland. She was broken up in 1866.

## Construction

Belfast was launched in August 1829 at the Port Glasgow shipyard of John Wood & Co. With a wooden hull, her side-paddles were powered by a two-cylinder beam engine of 150 hp (110 kW) nominal, made by David Napier at Camlachie, Glasgow. Belfast's initial tonnage was given as 180 tons burthen by Builder's Old Measurement and 123 tons nrt; she was 116 ft 8 in (35.56 m) long, with a beam of 18 ft 0 in (5.49 m).

## Glasgow-Belfast service

The steamer Belfast was built for operation by John Gemmill, who had pioneered the steamer route between Glasgow and Dublin in 1826 with his ships Erin and Scotia, and been involved in the Glasgow-Belfast trade since at least 1823. She was owned by David Napier, her engine builder, and arrived at Belfast on her first voyage on 2 September 1829. In mid-1830 Glasgow shipowners J & G Burns bought out John Gemmill's Belfast service, but continued to operate Belfast on the same route.

## Admiralty packet

On 4 August 1837 Belfast was sold to the Admiralty for service on its mail-carrying service to Ireland. She was sent to Pembroke Dockyard for alterations and was recorded as 244 tons by Builder's Old Measurement, 129 ft 6 in (39.47 m) long, a beam of 20 ft 4 in (6.20 m) and depth of 11 ft 5 in (3.48 m). She had a crew of 12 and was armed with a single 12-pdr carronade on a travelling carriage.
HMS Prospero began service between Pembroke and Waterford on 2 October 1837. Within a few months she was nearly lost. On 15 February 1838, after a crossing from Pembroke in heavy gales, she was prevented her entering Waterford until they abated. During the night the gale increased to a hurricane, carrying away her paddleboxes, causing a leak and putting her engine out of service, though the crew were able to contain the leak. Adrift, she would have probably been totally wrecked but for "the providential circumstance of a heavy sea carrying the vessel safely over the bar" into the comparative shelter of Youghal harbour. She left Youghal on 22 February after hull and engine repairs, and resumed service, then in October was sent to Woolwich Dockyard for a thorough overhaul.
The ship was given new boilers at Holyhead in March 1841.
Prospero was based at Pembroke for nearly 30 years, initially as a steam packet and, from 1853, as dockyard tender, tug and occasional coastal transport. In October 1866, Prospero was sold to Messrs Marshall for demolition at Plymouth.
# Hamilton, New Jersey

Hamilton, New Jersey is the name of several places in the U.S. state of New Jersey:
* Hamilton Township, Atlantic County, New Jersey
* Hamilton Township, Mercer County, New Jersey
* Hamilton, Neptune Township, Monmouth County, New Jersey
# Hall High School (Illinois)

Hall High School, also known as Spring Valley Hall, or HHS, is a public four-year high school located at 800 West Erie Street in Spring Valley, Illinois, a small city in Bureau County, Illinois, in the Midwestern United States. HHS serves the communities and surrounding areas of Spring Valley, Bureau, Cherry, Dalzell, Ladd, and Seatonville. The campus is located 20 miles west of Ottawa, Illinois, and serves a mixed small city, village, and rural residential community.

## Academics

Potential reference/citation:

## Athletics

Hall High School participated in the Three Rivers Conference, North Division, and is a member school in the Illinois High School Association. Their mascot is the Red Devils, with school colors of red and white. The school has 2 state championships on record in team athletics and activities: Boys Football in 1995–1996 (3A) and 2001–2002 (3A).
Formerly a part of the NCIC Conference at the beginning of the 2013–2014 school year, Hall joined the Three Rivers Conference.

## History

As of 2015, Hall has been in-session in a newly built, 32 million dollar school.
Hall High School has no known consolidations in the recent past. Surrounding communities may have possessed high schools at some time which were consolidated into the current HHS. Potential reference/citation:
# Eurowheel

Eurowheel is a 92-metre (302 ft) tall Ferris wheel at the Mirabilandia amusement park near Ravenna, in Emilia–Romagna, Italy. It is known for its views over Ravenna and nearby beaches, and its 50,000 light bulbs are said to make it the brightest Ferris wheel in the world.
When constructed in 1999, Eurowheel was the tallest extant Ferris wheel in Europe, superseding the 73-metre (240 ft) Moscow-850.
Both the 94-metre (308 ft) Great Wheel, built for the Empire of India Exhibition at Earls Court, London, in 1895, and the 100-metre (330 ft) Grande Roue de Paris, built for the Exposition Universelle of 1900 in Paris, were taller, however the London wheel was demolished in 1907 and the Paris wheel in 1920.
Eurowheel is now Europe's second tallest extant Ferris wheel, after the 130-metre (430 ft) London Eye, which officially opened on 31 December 1999, but which did not open to the public until March 2000 because of technical problems.
Eurowheel has a 90 cm (35 in) minimum passenger height restriction.
# Euploea phaenareta

Euploea phaenareta, the giant crow is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Johann Gottlieb Schaller in 1785. It is found in the Indomalayan realm and the Australasian realm.

## Subspecies

* E. p. phaenareta (Ambon, Serang)
* E. p. corus (Fabricius, 1793) (Sri Lanka, Burma)
* E. p. pavettae Zinken, 1831 (Java)
* E. p. callithoe Boisduval, 1832 (New Guinea, Louisiades, Goodenough, Fergusson, Woodlark, Kiriwina Islands)
* E. p. castelnaui C. & R. Felder, [1865] (Burma to Peninsular Malaysia, Langkawi, Singapore, Thailand)
* E. p. euthoe C. & R. Felder, [1865] (Aru, Kai)
* E. p. semicirculus Butler, 1866 (Bachan, Halmahera, Morotai)
* E. p. mesocala Vollenhoven, 1872 (Waigeu)
* E. p. unibrunnea Salvin & Godman, 1877 (eastern New Guinea, New Britain, Duke of York Island, New Ireland, Queen Charlotte Island, Feni Island)
* E. p. althaea Semper, 1878 (Philippines: Mindanao)
* E. p. drucei Moore, 1883 (Thailand, Vietnam)
* E. p. butleri Moore, 1883 (Borneo)
* E. p. phaeretena Kheil, 1884 (Nias)
* E. p. heurippa Godman & Salvin, 1888 (Solomon Islands)
* E. p. micronesia (Doherty, 1891) (Enggano)
* E. p. eucala Staudinger, 1896 (Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba)
* E. p. celebica (Fruhstorfer, 1898) (Sulawesi)
* E. p. salvini Staudinger, 1889 (Palawan)
* E. p. locupletior (Fruhstorfer, 1900) (Talaud Island)
* E. p. irma (Fruhstorfer, 1903) (Obi)
* E. p. hollandi Fruhstorfer, 1904 (Buru)
* E. p. rolanda Fruhstorfer, 1904 (Sula Island)
* E. p. defiguratus (Fruhstorfer, 1908) (Bali)
* E. p. juvia Fruhstorfer, 1908 (Taiwan)
* E. p. sacerdotalis Fruhstorfer, 1910 (Jobi)
* E. p. nikrion Fruhstorfer, 1910 (Bawean)
* E. p. hesiodus Fruhstorfer, 1910 (Bangka)
* E. p. statius Fruhstorfer, 1910 (Sumatra)
* E. p. admiralia Strand, 1914 (Admiralty Islands)
* E. p. ornae Schröder & Treadaway, 1979 (Philippines: Samar)

## Biology

The larva feeds on Cerbera - C. floribunda, C. manghas, and Plumeria species.
# Euploea radamanthus

Euploea radamanthus, the magpie crow, is a butterfly found in India and Southeast Asia that belongs to the danaid group of the brush-footed butterflies family. Euploea radamanthus is found in the Eastern Himalayas and into the Malay region.
# Euploea stephensii

Euploea stephensii is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Cajetan Felder and Rudolf Felder in 1865. It is found in the Australasian realm.

## Subspecies

* E. s. stephensii (New Guinea)
* E. s. pumila Butler, 1866 (New Guinea)
* E. s. jamesi (Butler, [1877]) (Southeast New Guinea - Papua, Samarai, Tagula Island, Goodenough, Normanby, Fergusson Island)
* E. s. kirschi (Moore, 1883) (Waigeu)
* E. s. salpinxoides (Fruhstorfer, 1899) (West Irian, New Guinea, Manam Island)
* E. s. bismarckiana (Fruhstorfer, 1900) (Umboi Island, New Britain, Duke of York Island, New Ireland, Queen Charlotte Island)
* E. s. flaminia (Fruhstorfer, 1904) (Salawati)
* E. s. phokion (Fruhstorfer, 1904) (East New Guinea, Huon Gulf, Karkar Island)
* E. s. garcila Fruhstorfer, 1910 (West New Guinea: Sorong)
* E. s. manusi Carpenter, 1942 (Admiralty Islands)
* E. s. nivana Carpenter, 1953 (Nivani Islands)
# Euthymol

Euthymol is a brand of antiseptic, fluoride-free toothpaste distributed by LG H&H UK that is characterised by its bright pink colour and medicinal taste. It is also notable for its packaging, which is old fashioned, having merely a pattern and the product name.
The supply of Euthymol toothpaste was temporarily interrupted in mid-2013 while the product was reformulated due to changes in the European Cosmetics Regulation. The new formulation of Euthymol was released to supply chains in January 2014 and was available in stores in February 2014.
The name Euthymol is a portmanteau of the words eucalyptus and thymol, which were the active ingredients of the original formulation. This was marketed by Parke, Davis & Co. as far back as 1896, and as well as toothpaste it was sold as a variety of antiseptic powders and creams, which contained thymol, oil of wintergreen, menthol, eucalyptus oil, boric acid and indigo, though modern formulations only contain the first three of those ingredients (amongst other things).
# Eureka, Wisconsin

Eureka, Wisconsin in the United States state of Wisconsin may refer to:
* Eureka, Polk County, Wisconsin, a town
* Eureka Center, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community within Eureka, Polk County, Wisconsin
* Eureka, Winnebago County, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community