OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Reading machine

A reading machine is a piece of assistive technology that allows blind people to access printed materials. It scans text, converts the image into text by means of optical character recognition and uses a speech synthesizer to read out what it has found.

## Development

The first prototype of reading machine, called optophone, was developed by Dr. Edmund Edward Fournier d'Albe of Birmingham University in 1913. Five vertically-aligned photodetectors were used to scan a line of printed text. Each cell generated a different tone (G, C, D, E, G8) when detecting black print, so that each character was associated with a specific time-varying chords of tones. With some practice, blind users were able to interpret this audio output as a meaningful message. However, the reading speed of this device was very slow (approximately one word per minute).
From 1944 until up to the 1970s, new prototypes of reading machine were developed at Haskins Laboratories under contract from the Veterans Administration. The research project was conducted by Caryl Parker Haskins, Franklin S. Cooper and Alvin Liberman. Their first attempts to improve the optophone all ended in failures, and users were still unable to read more than 5 words per minutes in average, even after long training sessions. This observation led Liberman to suppose that the limitation was cognitive rather than technical, and to formulate his motor theory of speech perception. He realized that the speech signal was not heard like an acoustic "alphabet" or "cipher," but as a "code" of overlapping speech gestures, due to coarticulation. Therefore, a reading machine cannot simply convert the printed characters into a series of abstract sounds, rather it must be able to identify the characters and to produce a speech sound as output using a speech synthesizer.
The first commercial reading machine for the blind was developed by Kurzweil Computer Products (later acquired by Xerox Corporation) in 1975. Walter Cronkite used this machine to give his signature sound off, "And that's the way it is, January 13, 1976."
In the mid-1960s, Francis F. Lee joined Dr. Samuel Jefferson Mason's Cognitive Information Processing Group in the Research Laboratory of Electronics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to work on a reading machine for the blind, the first system that would scan text and produce continuous speech. Early reading machines were desk-based and large, found in libraries, schools, and hospitals or owned by wealthy individuals. In 2009, a cellphone running Kurzweil-National Federation of the Blind software works as a reading machine.
# Reading globe groups

Reading globe groups are voluntary groups which were set up in the mid-1990s by Reading Borough Council in Reading, Berkshire, England, following the undertaking of the Agenda 21 agreement by central government. GLOBE stands for Go Local On a Better Environment. An umbrella group, The Reading Globe Alliance (TREGA), facilitates exchange of information between the groups.

## Aims

The Globe Groups around Reading work on improving their local environment in ways that will benefit the local residents and protect the environment. All residents in the group's area may join the group or provide input.

## List of Reading globe groups

* Caversham Globe Group
* Newtown Globe Group
* Oxford Road Community Garden (formerly Battle Globe Group)
* Redlands Globe Group
* Southcote Globe Group
* Tilehurst Globe Group
# Twelve Knights of Glamorgan

The Twelve Knights of Glamorgan were a "legendary" group of mercenaries who followed Robert Fitzhamon (d.1107), the Norman conqueror of Glamorgan. Although Fitzhamon was an actual historical figure, 16th-century historians, in particular Sir Edward Stradling, built upon the legend of a group of knights who ruled over the county in his stead. The fact that many of the knights existed during the period gave the legend credence.

## Background

The legend of the Twelve Knights of Glamorgan was founded by the antiquarian Sir Edward Stradling (d. 1609) of St Donat's Castle in Glamorgan. In 1561, he wrote "The Winning of the Lordship of Glamorgan out of Welshmens' Hands", describing the actions of Robert FitzHamon, the first Lord of Glamorgan, assigning to him twelve Knights who followed him from Gloucestershire to effect the conquest. Most of the knights in his list withstand modern historical scrutiny, but not however the Stradling knight himself, the ancestor of Sir Edward, whom he had believed to have been a follower of Fitzhamon. It has been more recently determined that the first Stradling in Glamorgan actually arrived later than Fitzhamon, probably originating in Switzerland.

## List of the Twelve Knights

An account of the Knights and of the stolen lands allotted to each by right of conquest is given in the 1591 work of Sir Edward Mansel of Margam, "An Account of the Cause of the Conquest of Glamorgan by Sir Robert FitzHaymon and his Twelve Knights".
They are as follows:
* Sir William de Londres; Ogmore
* Sir Richard de Grenville (d.post-1142), younger brother of Robert FitzHamon; Neath
* Sir Payn de Turberville; Coity
* Sir Robert St. Quintin; Llanblethian
* Sir Richard Siward; Talyfan
* Sir Gilbert Umfraville; Penmark
* Sir Roger Berkerolles; St Athan
* Sir Reginald Sully; Sully
* Sir Peter le Soare; Llanbedr-ar-Lai
* Sir John Fleming; Wenvoe
* Sir Oliver St. John; Fonmon
* Sir William Stradling; St Donat's
# A Little Bit TV

A Little Bit TV is an Irish documentary series that is airing on RTÉ. Made as part of the broadcaster's TV50 celebrations, in each episode, a well-known RTÉ presenter is profiled in detail.

## History

A Little Bit TV is the fifth incarnation of the A Little Bit... series of television programmes. In 2005 the first series, A Little Bit Country, profiled a well-known performer in the country and Irish music genre. Three years later in 2008 A Little Bit Showband profiled some of the most popular showbands from the 1960s. The following year A Little Bit Funny profiled some of the most popular comedians from yesteryear. In 2011 A Little Bit Eurovision looked at Ireland's close links with the Eurovision Song Contest. The Following year RTÉ Television celebrated its golden jubilee and the fifth incarnation, A Little Bit TV, began profiling some of the most well-known television presenters from fifty years of television in Ireland.

## Transmissions
### Series One (2012)

| Show | Broadcast date | Subject |
| 1 | 5 January | Bill O'Herlihy |
| 2 | 12 January | Gráinne Seoige |
| 3 | 19 January | Bunny Carr |
| 4 | 26 January | Bláthnaid Ní Chofaigh |
| 5 | 2 February | Derek Davis |
| 6 | 9 February | Mark Cagney |
| 7 | 16 February | Theresa Lowe |
| 8 | 23 February | Seán Duignan |
# A Little Bit Special

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
A Little Bit Special is the first album recorded by comedian Stephen Lynch. It was recorded at Park West Studios in Brooklyn, New York in 2000. Along with Superhero and The Craig Machine, the albums have sold over 250,000 copies.
In the song "Jim Henson's Dead", Lynch pays homage to many of the characters from The Muppet Show and Sesame Street, two of puppeteer Jim Henson's most famous creations. "R.D.C. (Opie's Lament)" is a song all about Rae Dawn Chong, who is Tommy Chong's daughter.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Stephen Lynch
- Includes: Bonus track – "Kitten"

## Personnel

* Stephen Lynch: Guitars, Vocals
* Kevin Bagot: Guitars
* Paul Loessel: Piano
* Ivan Bodley: Bass, Keyboards, Percussion
* Mike Denicola: Vocal Ad-Libs
* Jay Mohr, Mark Teich: Additional Vocals
# A New Astronomy

A New Astronomy is the fourth album by the Italian psychedelic rock band Jennifer Gentle, released in 2006 by Sub Pop Records and A Silent Place.

## Track list

* Lost Aurora
* Hidden Flower
* Red Apple Devil
* Hollow Earth Theory
* Sex Rituals Of The Dead
* Hiss From Nowhere
* The Cannibal Club
* Church Of The Black Emptiness
* “What Did You Say?”
* A Classification Of Clouds
* Music From Mars
* Last Aurora
* Me And Joe On The Moon
# A New Athens (novel)

A New Athens, first published in 1977, is a novel by Canadian author Hugh Hood and the second in his 12-novel cycle, The New Age. It was preceded by The Swing in the Garden.

## Setting

The book is set in southeastern Ontario, Canada between 1952 and 1965 in the fictional city of Stoverville, based on Brockville. Much of the story takes place in the form of reminiscences of the late 1950s and 1960s.

## Story

Narrator Matt Goderich, now approaching middle age, has become an art historian. As the novel opens, he is wandering along the back roads of eastern Ontario, contemplating the flora, the history of trains in the region, and decades past. He relates his time as a young student, beginning in 1948, where he is a rare Catholic at the overwhelmingly Protestant Victoria University in the University of Toronto. After a fleeting first romance he meets his future wife Edie, who disappoints her family by converting to Catholicism to marry him. The young couple spends time in her hometown of Stoverville (a fictionalized version of Brockville), where her parents have a boathouse on the Saint Lawrence River. Her father is a well-known politician, and her mother is a brilliant but undiscovered painter. The 'new Athens' of the title is a reference to the town of Athens, Ontario.

## Reception

Writing in the Vancouver Sun, Alan Dawe positively reviewed it, saying that he "can contemplate with pleasure to the prospect of reading this novel again and again." David Helwig of the Toronto Star wrote that it is "humane, often charming, sometimes witty, lovingly detailed and full of a real generosity of spirit" but was "slacker in texture than its predecessor."
# A (Cass McCombs album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Pitchfork | 7.7/10 |
A is the debut studio album by Cass McCombs. It was released on May 20, 2003, via Monitor Records.

## Personnel

* Cass McCombs (Composer, Primary Artist)
* Chris Cohen (Guitar)
* Anthony Lukens (Organ)
* Matt Popieluch (Electric Piano)
* Jason Quever (Drums, Engineering)
* Luke Top (Bass)
* Brian DeRan (Cover Art)
* Dutch Germ (Artwork)
* Trevor Shimizu (Artwork)
* JJ Golding (Mastering)
# Twin Township

Twin Township may refer to:
* Twin Township, Darke County, Ohio
* Twin Township, Preble County, Ohio
* Twin Township, Ross County, Ohio
# Brown v Raindle

Brown v Raindle (1796) 30 ER 998 is an English land law case, concerning co-ownership of land. It confirmed that equity will not, in copyhold land for example, generally allow a widow the right to remain in a property where a mortgage remains in arrears.

## Facts

This was a standard repossession action. The legal question arose as to enforcing repossession against a widow — would it have to wait as with the rights of the lord of the manor in the custom of that manor, under the copyhold system, until her demise.
As such a bill was filed for foreclosure, and to compel a surrender of a copyhold estate for three lives, under a covenant in the mortgage deed of 1792 (to surrender those premises as an additional security). Did a covenant of the mortgagor bar the right of his widow "to free-bench"? The custom of the manor appeared by the evidence to be, that the copyholder could convey these estates by surrender; but where he dies seised of the estate, the widow "is entitled to the estate during her widowhood as her free-bench".

## Judgment

Sir RP Arden said the following in his judgment.
   I had occasion lately to look into that case. I had no doubt about it. It is perfectly clear. The right of the widow of a copyholder arising out of her estate, which is in his power during his life, may be barred by him by any act done for valuable consideration; whether conveying a legal estate, or otherwise. It is very different from an estate-tail with remainders over; for those estates are not in the power of the party, till the recovery is suffered. They are estates not arising out of the estate of the tenant in tail. Upon the evidence, supposing this a widow's estate arising out of an estate, of which the husband was complete owner, and could bar her estate, I am of opinion, it is that sort of estate, which any equitable conveyance will bind. Any act of the husband for valuable consideration bars her equally with a legal surrender; and she is compellable in equity to surrender pursuant to such contract. A covenant by a joint-tenant to sell, though it does not sever the joint tenancy at law, will in equity. I have always understood this as a settled point, and have no difficulty upon it. Therefore let her convey all her estate and interest in the copyhold premises according to the deed of the 2nd of July 1792, subject to redemption.
# Broomweed

Broomweed is a common name for several species of plants, including:
* Amphiachyris amoena, also known as Texas broomweed
* Amphiachyris dracunculoides, also known as annual broomweed, prairie broomweed, or common broomweed
* Corchorus siliquosus, a tropical plant used to make brooms
* Gutierrezia sarothrae, also known as perennial broomweed or broom snakeweed
* Gutierrezia texana, also known as Texas snakeweed or matchweed
* Malvastrum coromandelianum
* Scoparia dulcis, also known as sweet broomweed
* Sida species, tropical plants used to make brooms
* Triumfetta species, tropical plants used to make brooms
# Broomtail

A broomtail is a horse of the American West that is small and of poor quality. The term usually also suggests that the horse is untrained or wild. In some cases, the word is used to describe poor-quality mares, with poor quality male horses then being called "fuzztails." The term has nothing to do with the quality of a horse's tail.
# Rebecca Riggs

Rebecca Riggs is an Australian actress best known for her role as Commandant Grayza in the science fiction television series Farscape.

## Career
### Film

Riggs had parts in films such asJerry Maguire and Raw Nerve.

### Television

Riggs played the recurring role of Commandant Grayza in the TV show Farscape.
She has also appeared in many Australian television series including Backberner, All Saints, Day of the Roses, Medivac and Fire.

### Theatre

Riggs has appeared as a stage performer in Australia with such companies as Bell Shakespeare Company, Queensland Theatre Company, Darwin Theatre Company, La Boite and TN.
She has undertaken a variety of theatre roles . She has played Juliet and Lady Capulet in two different productions of Romeo and Juliet, Lady Macbeth in Macbeth, Trinculo in The Tempest, Bianca in Othello, Viola in Twelfth Night and Kate in The Taming of the Shrew. She has also appeared in modern Australian plays including the musicals Summer Rain and an acclaimed performance as Judy Garland in The Boy from Oz.
Riggs has performed a one woman/fifteen character show The Tall Green Stranger in the Ceramic Pot, and also in cabarets at the L.A. Creation Conventions in 2009 and 2011: The Shower Show (2009) and Witch Way? (2011).
She has performed with many improvisational troupes throughout Australia and has sung with bands, choirs and a cappella groups such as Darc Marc, The Lutin Girls Choir, The Star Pickets, Schrödinger's Cats, and many more.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Type |
| 1990 | Raw Nerve | | Feature film |
| 1996 | Jerry Maguire | | Feature film |
| 1999 | Alien Cargo | Meryl Leonardi, SSS17 Sleeper | Feature film |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Type |
| 1995 | Fire | Jane Connor | TV series, 2 episodes |
| 1995 | Space: Above and Beyond | Mrs Vansen | TV series, 1 episode |
| 1996 | Medivac | Mary Jessup | TV series, 1 episode |
| 1996 | Gladiators | Competitor | TV game show |
| 1998 | Day of the Roses | Cherilyn Skow | TV miniseries, 2 episodes |
| | Backberner | | TV series |
| 1999-2005 | All Saints | Jenny Carmichael / Brenda Stewart | TV series, 2 episodes: Desperate Remedies, False Convictions |
| 2002-03 | Farscape | Commandant Grayza | TV series, 12 episodes |
| 2004 | Farscape: The Peacekeeper Wars | Commandant Grayza | TV miniseries, 2 episodes |
| 2019 | Reef Break | Jan / Realtor | TV series, 1 episode |
| 2020 | The End | Ella the Group Leader | TV series, 1 episode |

## Personal life

She is also now committed to refining communication in disaster and crisis through her work with consultancy Crisis Ready and the not for profit organization Emergency Media and Public Affairs. She is a fan of the Sci Fi genre.
# A Song to Sing, O

A Song to Sing, O is a one-man musical play by Melvyn Morrow with songs by Gilbert and Sullivan and by George Grossmith, about the life of comedian and actor George Grossmith, who originated the principal comic roles for the most famous Savoy operas from 1877 through the 1880s. The plot concerns a fictional backstage interview given by Grossmith to an American reporter in 1889 during his last performance of The Yeomen of the Guard – indeed, his last performance for the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company (although he did return briefly in 1897 in His Majesty). In between some interview gossip, Grossmith sings Gilbert and Sullivan songs, and some of his own songs to the reporter, and he enacts a scene from Grossmith's book, The Diary of a Nobody.
The show was originally created for D'Oyly Carte star John Reed at the Savoy Theatre in London in 1981. The Times review commented that it was "as if the writer never trusted the Savoyards to accept more than the slightest criticism of Gilbert and Sullivan while he was actually straining to say something genuinely rude" and that the script "refrains from real expression. ... The attraction is almost entirely the talented twisting of Mr. Reed's tongue around familiar patter."
The piece has since been played in Australia by Anthony Warlow in 1987 and Dennis Olsen in 1991.

## Musical numbers
### Songs by Gilbert and Sullivan

* When I good friends – Trial by Jury
* My name is John Wellington Wells – The Sorcerer
* Over the bright blue sea; Sir Joseph's barge is seen; I am the Monarch of the Sea; When I was a lad – H.M.S. Pinafore
* Hold monsters! - I am the very model of a modern Major General – The Pirates of Penzance
* If you're anxious for to shine – Patience
* If you go in; When you're lying awake – Iolanthe
* If you give me your attention – Princess Ida
* I’ve got a little list; Tit-willow; There is beauty - The Mikado
* My boy you may take it from me; I know a youth – Ruddigore
* Finale Act 2 – The Yeomen of the Guard

### Songs by Grossmith

* A Peculiar Man
* I'm Tired of the Moon
* The Muddle Puddle Porter
* See Me Dance the Polka
* Johnny at the Gaiety
* French Verbs
# Bruce Phillips

Bruce Phillips may refer to:
* Bruce Phillips (footballer), Australian rules footballer
* Bruce Phillips (journalist), Canadian television journalist
* Utah Phillips (Bruce Duncan Phillips), American labor organizer, folk singer, storyteller and poet
# A Boat Load of Home Folk

A Boat Load of Home Folk (1968) is a novel by Australian author Thea Astley.

## Plot summary

The novel follows a group of passengers on a cruise ship docked at a Pacific Island as a hurricane approaches.

## Critical reception

In The Canberra Times Liam Mason noted that the reader was able to sympathise with the novel's characters: "There is also an almost depressing realism in Miss Astley's resolutions of her characters' crises: the failure of a friend, the failure of a marriage, the failure of a priest, the failure (at the most trivial level) of a womaniser in a would-be seduction. For there is not necessarily any solution. Nor need there be a new start after the ritual of death and disaster."
Michael Wilding, writing in Southerly found a lot to like about the book, but also had some reservations: "The precision of the writing, the spareness and clarity, are immediately appealing. But as the novel progresses the lack of any substantial content lets the writing drift towards the somewhat consciously fine, and the religious references—the recurrent calvaries, crucifixions and expiations, become obtrusive."
# Fred Hunt (musician)

Herbert Frederick Hunt (21 September 1923 – 25 April 1986) was an English jazz pianist.

## Early life

Born in London as the younger son of a pianist mother and a cellist father he enjoyed thorough musical education from his distinguished parents. Hunt was a self taught pianist. He started playing piano at the age of 13 and played local gigs before joining the Royal Air Force.

## Career

After demobilisation, he began his musical career playing semi-professionally with Mike Daniels and the Cy Laurie Four in 1951. He then became professional and went on to join Alex Welsh's band from 1954 to 1962 and again from 1964 to 1974.
As Welsh's primary pianist, and often a featured soloist, he became one of Britain's leading trad jazz musicians, and recorded with Eddie Davis, Bud Freeman, Eddie Miller, and Ben Webster in 1967. His work with Alex Welsh did not stop him from accompanying visiting Americans, including recording with the four-tenor group, Tenor Of Jazz, featuring Ben Webster and Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, which toured in the late 60s.
After leaving Welsh in 1974, he played in Copenhagen and South Africa, then split his time after 1976 between Britain, Denmark and Germany. He led a trio featuring drummer Lennie Hastings from 1978 although Hastings died that year.
In 1979 the German label Erus Records released a direct cut LP called Yesterdays which featured the Fred Hunt Trio (Fred Hunt on piano, Brian Mursell on bass and Roger Nobes on drums) in front of a live audience.
Other albums include "Peals on Velvet" (trio) recorded 1968 and 1957, "Elegie" (trio with Roy Rubin and Lennie Hastings) recorded 1978 and "Blues 'n' Boogie" a duo with Mike Bracewell and one track with Alex Welsh added on cornet, recorded 1979 and 1968.
He toured with Wild Bill Davison late in the 1970s and played with Welsh once more in the early 1980s before retiring due to failing health after being incapacitated and confined to wheelchair. He worked frequently at London's PizzaExpress Jazz Club until his death in 1986. He died in Weybridge, Surrey aged 62.
He is best remembered for his long association with the Alex Welsh band and, as such, became a top pianist in both modern jazz and trad jazz musical settings.
# Fredrik Brubakken

Fredrik Brubakken is a Norwegian handball player.
He made his debut on the Norwegian national team in 1986, and played 111 matches for the national team between 1986 and 1994. He participated at the 1993 World Men's Handball Championship.
# Morgan (clothing)

Morgan de toi is a clothing brand, owned by the French company Morgan SA. The company was established in 1947 to sell lingerie, but has since diversified.
At present it has over 650 retail outlets worldwide. Production is vertically integrated and takes place mainly in France. The brand is targeted at women between the ages of 18 and 35. The CEO is Yann Jaslet and the headquarters are in Paris.
Morgan operates worldwide in the following arenas:
* retail stores,
* licensed stores,
* wholesale,
* mail order,
* 3rd party internet
The UK operation had moved to 7 Back Hill, London, and appointed Fergus Patterson as their managing director. The business operated stand alone retail sites as well as numerous concessions in leading department stores such as Debenhams and House of Fraser.
In Friends' episode The One With Ross's Thing, Phoebe wears a Morgan t-shirt.
# Mother Mallard's Portable Masterpiece Co.

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Mother Mallard's Portable Masterpiece Co. is the debut album of synthesizer ensemble Mother Mallard's Portable Masterpiece Company, independently released in 1973 through Earthquack Recordings.

## Personnel

* David Borden – synthesizer, electric piano, production
* Steve Drews – synthesizer
* Linda Fisher – synthesizer
# Motta de' Conti

Motta de' Conti is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) east of Turin and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Vercelli.
Motta de' Conti borders the following municipalities: Candia Lomellina, Caresana, Casale Monferrato, Langosco, and Villanova Monferrato.