OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Felix Victor Birch-Hirschfeld

Felix Victor Birch-Hirschfeld (2 May 1842 – 19 November 1899) was a German pathologist who was a native of Kluvensieck bei Rendsburg.

## Biography

In 1867 he received his medical doctorate from the University of Leipzig, where he studied under Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich (1815–1877) and Ernst Leberecht Wagner (1828–1888). In 1870 he became a prosector at the city hospital in Dresden, and in 1885 returned to Leipzig, where he succeeded Julius Cohnheim (1839–1884) as chair of pathological anatomy. One of his better known assistants was pathologist Christian Georg Schmorl (1861–1932).
Birch-Hirschfeld made important contributions in several facets of pathological medicine. He is known for his work in the field of bacteriology, with tuberculosis being the primary focus in regards to infectious diseases. In 1898 he described the unitary nature of nephroblastoma.

## Associated eponym

* "Birch-Hirschfeld stain": A stain that was formerly used for demonstrating amyloid, and consisted of a mixture of Bismarck brown and crystal violet.

## Selected writings

* Lehrbuch der Pathologischen Anatomie, (Textbook of pathological anatomy) Leipsig, 1877
* Die Entstehung der Gelbsucht neugeborener Kinder, (The emergence of jaundice in newborn children); Virchow's Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medicin, Berlin, LXXXVII.
* The Skrophulose, In: Hugo Wilhelm von Ziemssen's "Handbuch der speciellen Pathologie und Therapie". Volume XIII; second edition
* Grundriss der Allgemeinen Pathologie, (Outline of general pathology) Leipzig, 1892
* Über die Krankheiten der Leber und Milz, (On diseases of the liver and spleen). In: Carl Jakob Adolf Christian Gerhardt's "Handbuch der Kinderkrankheiten". Volume IV, Tübingen, H. Laupp, (1877–1893).
# Mordellistena tantula

Mordellistena tantula is a species of beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described by Liljeblad in 1945.
# Fluorometholone acetate

Fluorometholone acetate, also known as oxylone acetate and sold under the brand names Flarex, Florate, and Omnitrol, is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid and a corticosteroid ester, as well as a progestogen and progestogen ester.$^{:186}$ It is the C17α acetate ester of fluorometholone.
In addition to its potent corticosteroid activity, fluorometholone acetate is a progestogen. It has been studied in the treatment of breast cancer in women and has been found to be effective, producing remission in about 20% of women with advanced breast cancer at an oral dosage of 50 mg/day. However, it also produces severe Cushing's syndrome-like symptoms like plethora, moon face, glycosuria, marked weight gain, hypertension, and osteoporosis at this dosage due to its glucocorticoid activity.
# Germany men's national ice sledge hockey team

The German national ice sledge hockey team is the ice sledge hockey team representing Germany. The team is overseen by the Deutscher Rollstuhl-Sportverband (DRS), and participates in international competitions.

## Tournament record
### Performance in Paralympic Games

* 2006 – 4th

### Performance in World Championship

* 2004 – 7th
* 2008 – 5th
* 2009 – 8th

### Performance in European Championship

* 2005 – Gold
* 2007 – Bronze
* 2011 – 6th place

## Rosters
### 2006 Paralympics roster

The following is the German roster in the men's ice sledge hockey tournament of the 2006 Winter Paralympics.
Robert Lionel Pabst, Rolf Rabe, Sebastian Kessler, Sebstiaan Disveld, Sven Stumpe, Udo Segreff, Raimund Patzelt, Matthias Koch, Alexander Klein, Frank Rennhack, Gerd Bleidorn, Jorg Wedde, Marco Lahrs, Marius Hattendorf

### 2009 World Championship roster

Rolf Rabe, Lars Uhlemann, Matthias Koch, Marco Lars, Robert Pabst, Jörg Wedde, Christoph Appelkamp, Gerd Bleidorn, Sebastien Disveld, Torsten Ellmer, Marc Müller, Christian Pilz, Frank Rennhack, Udo Segreff, Sven Stumpe
# Orurillo District

Orurillo District is one of nine districts of the province Melgar in Peru.

## Ethnic groups

The people in the district are mainly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent. Quechua is the language which the majority of the population (87.82%) learnt to speak in childhood, 11.98 % of the residents started speaking using the Spanish language (2007 Peru Census).
# Megatrend

Megatrends are trends that have an effect on a global scale. Some of the current megatrends relate to global threats.
A megatrend strongly influences different spheres of life in many countries and at different levels, covering political, economic, natural environmental, social, and cultural dimensions. A megatrend is different than a shortlived product or consumer trend.
John Naisbitt was a pioneer of future studies. His book “Megatrends: Ten New Directions Transforming Our Lives” was first published in 1982. It focused mainly on the United States but also attempted to present a global outlook. Naisbitt accurately predicted the change from industrialized to information societies.
A growing number of research institutions, international organizations, and think tanks are reflecting on megatrends with the purpose of engaging in dialogue and influence policymaking and investments.
Kuhn & Margellos proposed a framework to identify and prioritize megatrends which focuses on five criteria relating to the relevance of trends. The five key criteria are the following:
* Research and, particularly, research coverage of the trend by researchers and analysts from different disciplinary background in different countries and regions.
* Level of political attention for the trend in a significant number of countries and regions.
* Significant interest from global investors. This acknowledges that investments have great potential to promote trends.
* Media coverage of the trend. This refers to traditional media and social media.
* Strength of social movements and advocacy actions related to the trend. These factors represent different spheres of societies: scientific and research, state, and government institutions; financial and business sectors; media; and civil society.
Kuhn & Margellos interviewed researchers and experts from more than 30 countries to prioritize megatrends resulting in the following megatrends:
* Climate Action and Sustainability
* Digitalization
* Inequality
* Demography
* Urbanization and Smart Cities
* Health and Nutrition
* Green Economy
* Sustainable Finance
* Multipolar World Order and the Future of Multilateralism
* Democracy and Governance Innovations
* Civilizational Developments: Diversity, Individualization and Loneliness, Gender Shift, and Identity Politics
* Migration.
However, it is important to note that the identification and analysis of megatrends rely on the disciplinary and professional perspectives of researchers and experts, as well as the specific country or region upon which their analysis is focused.

## Economic implications

Economically, megatrends can be exploited by enterprises to make profit. At least 7 megatrends have been identified by multinational investment and professional services companies:
* Technological progress, esp. in the internet domain
* Demographic change and social change
* Rapid global urbanization
* Climate change and resource depletion
* Emerging markets
* The impact of deepfakes and other synthetic media
* Microbiomes and synthetic biology
# Bodmér

Bodmér is a village in Fejér county, Hungary.
# SP-1 switch

SP-1 (Stored Program 1) was the name of a computerized telephone exchange (a so-called switching office) manufactured by Northern Electric (later Northern Telecom and now Nortel Networks beginning in 1972) in Canada. It was introduced in 1971 (as stated in a Northern Telecom print ad that is included (page 55) in a history of Nortel, written by Peter C. Newman who was commissioned by Nortel to write it. Copyright is 1995. No ISBN.)
As indicated by the name "Stored Program", the SP-1 introduced computer control to the telephone switching market. (AT&T's #1ESS preceded the SP-1 by several years.)
A central computer controlled the operation of the switch. Switch behavior was determined by the operation of a computer program.
With its use of computer hardware and software control, the SP-1 marked an evolutionary step in telephony design. It was an intermediate form between the previous generation of electromechanical systems and the next generation of fully digital systems. Like the previous generation of systems, the SP-1 was an analog switch that used a special form of mechanical relay (Minibar crossbar switch) to provide the voice connections. The voice signal remained in the analog domain throughout the exchange, with the crossbar switches providing a metallic path to connect the end points of a call together. However the SP1 replaced the previous generation's complex relay-based controllers (markers) with a modern Harvard architecture electronic computer, with separate data and program memories. SSI DTL logic was used throughout. Two types of memory was used - ferrite sheet memory for the CPU and Piggyback Twistor memory for the storage of program and routing information. A number of variations on the base switch were available. A "two wire" version for local service, a four wire version for toll service. Two/four wire versions were also available as was a TOPS variant that was used to provide Operator services. The first four wire switch (four wire-tops, i.e., it provided toll switching and operator services) was placed in service in Thunder Bay circa 1972. The operator service consoles (CRTs) used an Intel 4004 processor.
The next generation of systems evolved from the SP1 design to replace the analog switch with a digital technology.
SP-1 proved the feasibility of software-controlled systems for telephony. It set the stage for the introduction of fully digital systems with the development of the DMS (Digital Multiplex Systems) by Nortel in the 1970s. (Nortel's SL-1 (PBX) was Nortel's first fully digital switching system, and it was introduced in service in 1975.)
# Ostřešany

Ostřešany is a municipality and village in Pardubice District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,100 inhabitants.

## Notable people

* Zdeněk Jičínský (1929–2020), lawyer and politician
# Frankfurt International School

The Frankfurt International School e.V. (FIS) is an English-language World IB day school founded in 1961 in Frankfurt, but located in Oberursel, Germany.
The main campus in Oberursel consists of a Primary School campus for students in "First Steps" (Age 3) to Grade 1 and the Main Campus for Elementary School (Grades 2–5) and Upper School (Grades 6–12). A satellite campus in Wiesbaden Naurod offers schooling for students from "First-Steps" (Age 3) to Grade 8.

## Curriculum and accreditation

FIS is accredited by the "New England Association of Schools and Colleges". It is also an International Baccalaureate World School and a founding member of that organization. The school implements a curriculum based on the principles espoused in the IB Primary Years Program and International Baccalaureate Diploma Program.
Subjects taught include, but are not limited to, Business, Computer Science, Design and Technology, Economics, Geography, History, Mathematics, Psychology, Physics, Visual Arts, Music, Global Politics, and Theater.
The school offers language instruction in English, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Dutch and Spanish.

## Faculty and staff

The school employs faculty and staff from over 70 countries. The head of the school is Dr. Paul Fochtman.

## Facilities and technology

The facilities cover 16 acres (6.5 ha) in Oberursel, Germany and feature a historic administration building (known as "Old Main"), and the three separate divisional school buildings. The main campus has two all-weather sports fields and several playgrounds.

## Extracurricular activities
### Sports

The school's sports teams compete in ISST and SCIS tournaments for basketball, tennis, soccer, baseball, softball and volleyball.

### REAL (Recreation, Enrichment, and Learning) program

FIS has an after-school program known as REAL (Recreation, Enrichment, and Learning). Within the REAL Program, students can enroll in music, dance, or language courses, participate in sports or martial arts, sharpen their STEM skills or join our supervised Kids Club playgroups. Parents can participate, too – whether it's learning German or starting a new physical fitness routine – and classes are offered both during the day and into the evening. With more than 200 course offerings each year, the REAL Program provides yet another opportunity for FIS community members to pursue their passion and meet others. The REAL Program runs three separate terms per year; each is approximately 8-10 weeks in length. An online brochure is published prior to the start of each term with comprehensive information about the courses offered.

### The Arts

FIS allows students to take part in many non-athletic activities in the performing arts, student groups, and various charitable projects. Notably, the school offers the opportunity for students to audition for the AMIS program, which hosts annual festivals for band, orchestra, jazz band and choir at different international schools.
# Barishaki Cheborion

Barishaki Bonny Cheborion is a Ugandan lawyer and judge, who serves as a justice of the Court of Appeal of Uganda, since September 2015.

## Background and education

He was born in present-day Kapchorwa District; his father is the late George William Cheborion (24 November 1928 to 2 March 2014). He attended Makerere University, the oldest and largest public university in Uganda, graduating with a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree. Later he obtained a Diploma in Legal Practice, from the Law Development Centre, in Kampala, Uganda's capital city. Barishaki Bonny Cheborion was admitted to the Uganda Bar and is a practicing attorney.

## Work experience

He has a long service record in the Office of the Attorney General of Uganda and in the Uganda Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs, where he rose to the rank of Director for Civil Litigation.

## Judicial career

In September 2015, he was appointed to the Court of Appeal of Uganda, which doubles as the Constitutional Court of Uganda, where he still sits as of December 2017.

## Other considerations

He is a member of the Uganda Law Society.
# George Weekes

George Arthur Weekes (b Clifton, Bristol 5 September 1869; d Cambridge 23 June 1953) was a 20th-century British academic.
Weekes was educated at Bristol Grammar School and Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge. He became a Fellow of Sidney Sussex in 1893; Chaplain in 1894; Praelector in 1895; Tutor in 1905; Senior proctor in 1906 and Master in 1918. He was Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge from 1926 to 1928. He was appointed a Canon of Ely in 1935, and retired in 1945.
# Busca

Busca may refer to:

## People

* Antonio Busca (lieutenant) (1767–1834), Italian nobleman and lieutenant
* Antonio Busca (painter) (1625–1686), Italian painter
* Gianmarco Busca (born 1965), Italian catholic bishop
* Ignazio Busca (1731–1803), Italian cardinal
* Pasquale Busca (born 1948), Italian racewalker

## Places

* Busca, Piedmont, Italy
* Bușca, Mihăești, Olt, Romania
# Oru Oorla

Oru Oorla (transl. In a town) is a 2014 Indian Tamil-language film directed by K. S. Vasanthakumar for producer P.Velusamy, starring Venkatesh, Neha Patil and Indrajit.

## Plot

Theri, an alcoholic after his mother's death undergoes a change as his sister-in-law delivers a girl. He believes that his mother has reborn as his niece. He takes the responsibility of protecting her, but his brother's fight with a sex worker brings tragedy to all.

## Cast

* Venkatesh
* Neha Patil
* Indrajit
* Annapoorni
* Naan Kadavul Murali
* Sundar
* Siva
* Iyyappan Kannan

## Soundtrack

The music composed by Ilaiyaraaja, who composed the songs after the film was shot.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | Ippadiyum Oruthan Undu | Velmurugan | Mu. Metha |
| 2 | Thaaye Vanthaye | Ilaiyaraaja | Mu. Metha |
| 3 | Thannathaniye | Haricharan | Mu. Metha |
| 4 | Thedi Ennai Kaanave | Senthil Dass | Mu. Metha |
| 5 | Vanathil | Rita | Mu. Metha |

## Reception

The Times of India gave the film a rating of 2.5 out of 5 stars, praising it for its screenplay, performances, and music while also stating that the cinematography was not up to the mark.
# Espostoa frutescens

Espostoa frutescens is a plant in the family Cactaceae.

## Description

Espostoa frutescens is a cactus that grows up to 2 meters tall, with branches emerging from its base. The upright shoots range from 0.5 to 2 meters in length and 6 to 10 centimeters in diameter. The plant has 22 to 28 low, rounded ribs with closely spaced, elliptical, light brown woolly areoles. It bears 40 or more light yellow, needle-like spines that are 4 to 8 millimeters long, sometimes with a single central spine 1 to 2.5 centimeters long. The cephalium, measuring 20 to 50 centimeters long, has five to seven ribs and is covered in light brown wool up to 3 centimeters long.
The funnel-shaped, white flowers are 4 to 4.5 centimeters long and 3.5 to 4 centimeters in diameter. The circular green fruits measure 1.6 to 2 centimeters in length and 1.5 to 2.5 centimeters in diameter. The species relies on nectar bats (including Geoffroy's tailless bat) for pollination. To facilitate the bats' echolocation, the plant's flowers are surrounded with a sound-absorbent furry area resulting in stronger flower echoes.

## Distribution and habitat

Espostoa frutescens is endemic to Ecuador and confined to Loja, El Oro and Azuay provinces. Its habitat is open areas in dry forests from 500 metres (1,600 ft) to 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) altitude.

## Taxonomy

This species was first described in 1989 by Jens E. Madsen.
# Ambt Montfort

Ambt Montfort (Dutch pronunciation: ) is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg.
In 1991, the municipalities of Montfort, Posterholt, Reutje and Sint Odiliënberg merged. The original name of the merged municipality was "Posterholt", but it was changed in "Ambt Montfort" in 1994. On January 1, 2007, Ambt Montfort merged into the municipality of Roerdalen.
Ambt Montfort is the birthplace of Formula One driver Jos Verstappen.
# Our Generation

Our Generation may refer to:
* Our Generation (journal), an anarchist journal published in Montreal, founded in 1961 as a journal of the problems of achieving world peace
* Our Generation (film), a documentary about Australian aboriginal rights
* Our Generation (album), the debut album by 2017 Britain's Got Talent winner Tokio Myers
* "Our Generation", a song by Marcy Playground from their 1999 album Shapeshifter
* "Our Generation", a song by Ernie Hines
* "Our Generation (The Hope of the World)", an arrangement of the Ernie Hines song by John Legend & The Roots on their 2010 album Wake Up!
# Paleologu

Paleologu may refer to:
* Alexandru Paleologu, Wallachian 1848 revolutionary, father of Maurice Paléologue
* Alexandru Paleologu (1919–2005), Romanian writer and diplomat
* Jean de Paleologu (1855–1942), Romanian poster artist and painter
* Theodor Paleologu (born 1973), Romanian historian and diplomat, son of Alexandru
* Palaiologos, Byzantine Greek family
* Albești-Paleologu, a commune in Prahova County, Romania
# Bonomi BS.11 Milano

The Bonomi BS.11 Milano and BS.12 Roma were primary gliders designed and built in Italy in the 1930s. Only about six were produced.

## Design and development

Plans of the influential German primary glider Zögling of 1926 were sold worldwide and led to many similar new designs. One of its features was a very simple rectangular wing plan; in Italy, Camillo Silva used something similar in at least seven of his designs, the Allievo A and B (1928?) and the Bonomi series BS.7 Allievo Italia (1929), BS.16 Allievo Bonomi (1930), BS.11 Milano, BS.12 Roma (1933) and BS.17 Allievo Cantù (1934). Amongst these, the A and B and the BS.11 and 12 had wire, rather than strut braced wings. These two pairs differed primarily in the pilot's accommodation; the early two had exposed seats and the later gliders open cockpits in full fuselages, though both the rear fuselages and empennages also differed greatly.
Like all these designs, the BS.11 was a simple, high wing aircraft. Its rectangular plan, two spar, fabric covered wings were supported over the nacelle on a single, central, distorted N form strut, with an upright forward member and a sloping rear component. These met the wing at the spars, the forward one almost at the leading edge. The rear member of the N extended above the wing to meet a short, near vertical strut, forming a flat, fabric covered, triangular pylon or cabane, from which a pair of landing wires ran to both spars on each side. Flying wires from a point on the lower fuselage directly beneath the tip of the cabane ran to the same positions on the wing underside. As on all of these low aspect ratio Zögling style wings, the ailerons were short span and broad, with cropped tips forming the wing tips
The Milano had a rectangular section, plywood skinned fuselage, with an open, unscreened cockpit below the wing leading edge. A wooden landing skid, with deep rubber springing, ran aft from near the nose to the end of the N-frame, assisted by a small tail bumper. The empennage was similar to those of the BS.7 and BS.8, with a strut braced triangular tailplane on a short, broad fin, the latter carrying a constant chord, unbalanced rudder about three times the height of the fin. The elevators were also unbalanced and of constant chord apart from a cut-out for rudder movement.
The BS.12 Roma was similar to the Milano but a little greater in span.
The first flight of the Milano was in 1932. About six Milanos and Romas were built. Designed to be winch launched, they were seen as a suitable aircraft on which to gain a B certificate for a 30-minute flight.

## Variants
### BS.11 Milano

    as described.

### BS.12 Roma

    Similar but slightly greater span of 20.00 m (65 ft 7 in).

## Specifications (BS.11 Milano)

Data from Pedrielli (2011) p.89
General characteristics
* Crew: One
* Length: 6.06 m (19 ft 11 in)
* Wingspan: 10.92 m (35 ft 10 in)
* Wing area: 17.50 m$^2$ (188.4 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 6.8
* Empty weight: 115 kg (254 lb)
* Gross weight: 190 kg (419 lb)
Performance
* Maximum glide ratio: 12:1 estimated
* Wing loading: 11 kg/m$^2$ (2.3 lb/sq ft)
# Pursuit of Loneliness

Pursuit of Loneliness is a 2012 American film written and directed by Laurence Thrush. The black and white documentary-styled film is about the loneliness of old age, in which an old lady has died anonymously in a Los Angeles county hospital. The cast includes Joy Hille, Sandra Escalante, Sharon Munfus, Kirsi Toivanen, and Natalie Fouron.