OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Carl Hehn

Carl Georg Franz Hehn (Russian: Карл Георг Франц Ген; 25 April 1821 – 19 February 1875) was a Baltic German agricultural scientist and a professor at the University of Dorpat (Tartu). He conducted research on soil liming, effect of climate on agriculture, and was a founder of the Baltic Forest Society in 1865.
Hehn was born in Odenpa, Livonia, to pastor Bernhard Gottlieb Hoehn (1776-1856) and his wife Caroline Körber (1785-1878). He went to the Dorpat Gymnasium (1833-1838) and then to the University where he received a candidate's degree with a dissertation Ueber den Reichtum des Bodens. He then taught at Pskov before returning to Dorpat and studying agricultural sciences. In 1849 he became a teacher at the Dorpat Veterinary School and in 1858 he received a master's degree with a dissertation Die Intensität der livländischen Landwirtschaft. He managed an estate in Pskov where he introduced land ownership by peasants. In 1860 he took a position as secretary of the Livonia public benefit and economic society and worked there for 8 years. During this period he edited the society's periodical Baltische Wochenschrift für Landwirtschaft, Gewerbefleiß und Handel and organized the first all-Baltic agricultural fair in 1865. An agricultural school (now Riga Technical University) was created in 1862 and in 1867-68 and Hehn was appointed the first professor of agriculture. He became a full professor of agricultural technology in 1873 and taught courses in soil science, plant sciences, economics, cattle breeding and the history of agriculture. In 1874 he began to write a dissertation on Der Einfluss des Klimas auf die Baltische Landwirtschaft but did not complete it as he died from tuberculosis.
# Georgios Ginis

Georgios Ginis is an electrical engineer with ASSIA, Inc. in San Mateo, California. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2013 for his contributions to transmission optimization in digital subscriber loops.
# Pilang

Pilang can refer to:
* Pilang, an alternate name for the pelang, an outrigger boat from Indonesia and Malaysia
* Pilang, an alternate name for the vinta, an outrigger canoe from the Philippines
# Henry of Sandwich

Henry of Sandwich (died 1273) was a medieval Bishop of London.

## Life

Henry was the son of Henry of Sandwich, a knight from Sandwich, Kent. He held the prebend of Weldland in the diocese of London.
Henry was Archdeacon of Oxford from 1259 to 1262. He was elected Bishop of London on 13 November 1262, confirmed 21 December and consecrated on 27 May 1263. He was suspended from office on 1 December 1265 but was reinstated by Pope Gregory X on 31 May 1272. He returned to England from exile on 31 January 1273.
Henry died on 15 September 1273. After his death, his nephew Sir Ralph de Sandwich was made administrator of the See of London, having already acted as their administrator during Henry's exile in Rome.

## Citations

* 1 2 Greenway Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300: Volume 1, St. Paul's, London: Bishops
* ↑ Greenway Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 3: Lincoln: Archdeacons of Oxford
* ↑ Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 258
# Grande Oriente do Brasil

The Grande Oriente do Brasil is a masonic body in Brazil. It was founded in 1822. It has 1700 lodges with around 100,000 members. It is within the tradition of Anglo-American Freemasonry.
# Epichloë sinica

Epichloë sinica is a hybrid asexual species in the fungal genus Epichloë.
A systemic and seed-transmissible grass symbiont first described in 2009, Epichloë sinica is a natural allopolyploid of Epichloë bromicola and a strain in the Epichloë typhina complex.
Epichloë sinica is found in Asia, where it has been identified in species of the grass genus Roegneria.
# Bodmin General railway station

Bodmin General railway station, located in Bodmin, Cornwall, United Kingdom, was the terminus of the Great Western Railway's Bodmin branch line, and is now the principal railway station of the heritage Bodmin & Wenford Railway.

## History

The Great Western Railway opened a terminus in Bodmin on 27 May 1887, the line diverging from the Cornish Main Line at Bodmin Road. On 3 September 1888 a new line was opened to join with the Bodmin and Wadebridge line at Boscarne Junction. Bodmin General remained a terminus, so trains running through had to reverse here and retrace their journey for a few yards before bearing right just beyond the station.
The single-sided platform had two adjacent lines, the nearer being used as a run-round and the further being furnished with a goods shed beyond which another curving siding served a cattle dock. At the end of the platform was the signal box and beyond this were two sidings, one housing an engine shed; the junction being on the running line immediately beyond this. A short refuge siding was added to the Bodmin Road line in June 1928, and further on a connection into Fulford Trumps siding was added in April 1973.
The station was originally named Bodmin and, after nationalisation, became Bodmin General on 26 September 1949, in order to distinguish it from other stations in the area (Bodmin North and Bodmin Road).
The engine shed closed in April 1962, and passenger services ceased on 30 January 1967. Freight services were withdrawn from Bodmin General on 1 May 1967 and the signal box closed later that year. The line officially closed on 3 October 1983 following the demise of freight traffic from Wenford.

## Stationmasters

* William Henry Smale 1887 - 1898 (afterwards station master at Torre)
* Thomas Henry Hunt 1899 - 1908 (formerly station master at Chipping Norton)
* W.A. Glasson 1908 - 1910
* Percy Joseph Molyneaux 1911 - 1918 (formerly station master at Penryn)
* W.C. Wenmoth 1918 - 1935
* Edward Leslie Morris ca. 1939
* Cecil Aubrey Stephens 1947 - 1965 (formerly station master at Horrabridge)

## Bodmin & Wenford Railway

The Bodmin & Wenford Railway, a heritage railway, uses Bodmin General as its principal station. Services run to both Bodmin Parkway and to Boscarne Junction; the junction between these two lines is just outside the station which is a terminus. In February 2020, a second platform was opened.
An engine shed and workshops is situated adjacent to the station. The workshops are open for inspection when trains are running.

## Services

| Preceding station | Heritage railways | Heritage railways | Heritage railways | Following station |
| Boscarne Junction | | Bodmin and Wenford Railway | | Colesloggett Halt |
| | Historical railways | Historical railways | Historical railways | |
| St Lawrence Platform | | Great Western Railway LSWR running powers | | Bodmin Road |
# Billy Openshaw

William Openshaw (1881–1945) was an English professional footballer who played as a full-back.
# Carelia anceophila

Carelia anceophila was a species of small, air-breathing, land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Amastridae.
This species was endemic to the Hawaiian Islands.
# Georgios Giannelis

Georgios Giannelis (born 24 July 1971) is a Greek middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 3000 metres steeplechase at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Pilaki (disambiguation)

Pilaki is a Turkish dish. Pilaki or Piłaki may also refer to
* Piłaki, Mrągowo County, a settlement in Gmina Sorkwity, Poland
* Piłaki Małe, a village in Gmina Budry, Poland
* Piłaki Wielkie, a village in Gmina Pozezdrze, Poland
* Żery-Pilaki, a village in Gmina Grodzisk, Poland
* Olga-Afroditi Pilaki (born 1989), Greek rhythmic gymnast
# Frederick Buckle

Frederick Buckle (25 September 1849 – 7 November 1884) was an English cricketer. He played fifteen first-class matches for Surrey between 1867 and 1872.
# Robert W. Williams Plantation

The Robert W. Williams Plantation was a small cotton-growing forced-labor farm located in of approximately 800 acres (320 ha) located in northern Leon County, Florida, U.S. established by Robert W. Williams.

## Location

The Robert W. Williams Plantation was located on the southwest shore of Lake Iamonia.

## Plantation specifics

The Leon County Florida 1860 Agricultural Census shows that the Robert W. Williams Plantation had the following:
* Improved Land: 400 acres (160 ha)
* Unimproved Land: 400 acres (160 ha)
* Cash value of plantation: $8,000
* Cash value of farm implements/machinery: $300
* Cash value of farm animals: N/A
* Number of slaves: 37
* Bushels of corn: N/A
* Bales of cotton: N/A

## The owner

Robert W. Williams was an attorney and represented the Marquis de Lafayette and his heirs over the Lafayette lands. Williams also belonged to the National Agricultural Society and served as vice-president from 1841-1842 and was considered a scientific farmer
# Maşadqanlı

Maşadqanlı (known as Birinci Aratkənd until 1992) is a village and municipality in the Agsu Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 523.
# Attorney General Barnes

Attorney General Barnes may refer to:
* A. R. Barnes (1867–1944), Attorney General of Utah
* Clarence A. Barnes (1882–1970), Attorney General of Massachusetts
# Billy Orchard

William Henry Orchard MC (9 August 1888 – 22 July 1965) was an Australian rules football player for the Geelong Football Club between 1906 and 1915. He served in the First AIF. He was awarded a Military Cross.

## Family

The son of Edwin Orchard (1863-1927) and Ruth Orchard (1866-1938), née Mallett, he was born on 9 August 1888. He married Henrietta Jessie Galbraith (1895-1966) on 21 July 1915; they had three children, William, Douglas, and June.

## Football
### Geelong (VFL)

He was Geelong's captained for two seasons: 1914 and 1915. He was also playing coach in 1914.

### Third Divisional team (AIF)

He played for the (winning) Third Australian Divisional team in the famous "Pioneer Exhibition Game" of Australian Rules football, held in London, in October 1916. A news film was taken at the match.

## Field Umpire

He was a field umpire in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1920s.

## Cricket

Orchard was an outstanding cricketer taking 264 wickets at 12.6 between 1903–1936 in the Geelong Cricket Association.

## Military career

In 1918 at Ypres he was awarded the Military Cross for "the efficient manner in which he (Captain Orchard) carried out his task of reorganisation and his cheerfulness under depressing circumstances that earned for him the Military Cross."
# Carelia dolei

Carelia dolei was a species of small, air-breathing, land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Amastridae.
This species was endemic to the Hawaiian Islands.
# Piki Films

Piki Films is a New Zealand film and video production and distributing company based in Auckland. Piki Films is known for producing Jojo Rabbit, Hunt for the Wilderpeople, The Breaker Upperers, Baby Done, and Red, White & Brass. The name "Piki" means "jump" or "climb over" in the Māori language.

## History

Piki Films was founded by the Oscar-nominated filmmakers Taika Waititi and Carthew Neal.
In September 2019, Jojo Rabbit won the festival's audience award at the Toronto International Film Festival and earned six nominations at the 92nd Oscars in 2020.

## Productions

| Film | Year | Director | Notes |
| Hunt for the Wilderpeople | 2016 | Taika Waititi | |
| FafswagVogue.com | 2018 | Tanu Gago | Documentary featurette |
| The Breaker Upperers | 2018 | Madeleine Sami, Jackie van Beek | |
| Jojo Rabbit | 2019 | Taika Waititi | |
| Baby Done | 2020 | Curtis Vowell | |
| Red, White & Brass | 2023 | Damon Fepulea'i | |
| We Were Dangerous | 2024 | Josephine Stewart-Te Whiu | |
| The Mountain | 2024 | Rachel House | |
| Television | Year | Creators |
| Aroha Bridge | 2013 - 2019 | Jessica Hansell, Simon Ward |
| Our Flag Means Death | 2021- | David Jenkins |
| Time Bandits | 2024 | Jemaine Clement, Iain Morris, Taika Waititi |
# Franklin Harbor Conservation Park

Franklin Harbor Conservation Park is a protected area in the Australian state of South Australia located on the east coast of Eyre Peninsula in the gazetted locality of Cowell about 5 kilometres (3.1 miles) south of the town centre in Cowell.
The conservation park consists of land on a peninsula that encloses the south east side of Franklin Harbor and on four islands within Franklin Harbor including Entrance Island. The conservation park occupies land in Sections 258, 259, 260 and 261 of the cadastral unit of the Hundred of Playford.
The conservation park was proclaimed on 22 January 1976 under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972. As of July 2016, the conservation park covered an area of 13.56 square kilometres (5.24 sq mi). Since 2012, the conservation park has been overlapped by the protected area known as the Franklin Harbor Marine Park.
As of 1982, the conservation park was considered to have "significance" for the following reasons:
   ...(it) preserves an area of mangrove and samphire flats, an association that is markedly depleted in South Australia. The entrance islands ... contain a population of death adders. The islands also provide a safe roosting and feeding site for sea birds.
As of 1982, the flora of the conservation park was described as follows:
   Two of the islands and the protected side of the peninsula feature a low woodland of Avicennia marina and a samphire shrubland. The seaward side of the peninsula features a sandy beach backed by minor areas of open scrubland dominated by boxthorn, with scattered Callitris, Santalum, Leucopogon and Nitraria.
The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category Ia protected area. In 1982, it was listed on the now-defunct Register of the National Estate.
# Robert W. Wilson (philanthropist)

Robert Warne Wilson (November 3, 1926 – December 23, 2013) was an American hedge fund manager, philanthropist, and art collector.

## Early life and education

Born in Detroit, Wilson gained his undergraduate degree at Amherst College and his master's from the University of Michigan. He attended the University of Michigan law school, but later left to work as a securities analyst.

## Career and philanthropy

Wilson began his career in 1949, as a trainee at First Boston, then returned in 1953, following his service in the Korean War.
He founded his own hedge fund in 1969, and retired in 1986. By 2000 he was worth an estimated $800 million.
According to BusinessWeek he gave away over four hundred million dollars, and according to others more than $600 million, to environmental and preservation organizations including the Nature Conservancy and the World Monuments Fund. While Wilson mainly donated to conservation and environmental causes, he also donated to both politically conservative and liberal causes. He gave nearly $1 million to The Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR), yet he also donated $800,000 to the Drug Policy Alliance in 2007 and opposed the War on Drugs. After his death, an email correspondence with Bill Gates revealed that Wilson opposed The Giving Pledge, calling it "practically worthless."
An avid art collector at the time, Wilson had been on the board of trustees of the Whitney Museum of American Art for over thirty years. In his will, Wilson left his art collection to The Whitney with the exception of James Rosenquist's 1997 painting, "The Meteor Hits the Swimmer's Pillow."
He was chairman of the New York City Opera board from 1981 to 1993. Wilson was passionate about criminal justice reform and was a member of the American Civil Liberties Union for over four decades.

## Personal life

Wilson was openly gay. He married once and was divorced; he had no children. He was survived by his brother William.

## Death

Wilson died on December 23, 2013, at age 87, after leaping from his apartment on the 16th floor of The San Remo in Manhattan. He had suffered a stroke in June 2013 and another in the month prior to his suicide.
# No. 569 Squadron RAF

No. 569 Squadron RAF was a proposed squadron of the Royal Air Force during the Second World War.

## History

The squadron was theoretically formed on 10 January 1944 as a transport unit within 46 Group. This group was created as a Transport Support Group and was to have 5 squadrons at 3 new bases, RAF Down Ampney, RAF Blakehill Farm and RAF Broadwell The intended squadrons were two already existing ones, Nos. 271, 512 and three new ones to be formed: Nos. 569, 575 and 597 Squadron. In the event only No. 575 Squadron was really formed, and No. 48 Squadron RAF and No. 233 Squadron RAF took the other places, though personnel under training with 512 squadron had been intended for service with No. 569 Squadron. No. 569 Squadron, like No. 597 Squadron was disbanded on 1 March 1944 before it had any aircraft or personnel.
# Maṇi Kambum

The Maṇi Kambum (Tibetan: མ་ཎི་བཀའ་འབུམ་, Wylie: ma Ni bka' 'bum, "Collected teachings on Mani") is a Tibetan Buddhist terma text which contains teachings connected with the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara. The Maṇi Kambum was composed over time by different hands. It was likely composed from the 12th century to the 13th century.

## Overview

The Maṇi Kambum is traditionally attributed to the Tibetan king Songtsen Gampo. It is traditionally said to be a revelation of three different Tibetan masters: siddha Ngöndrup, Nyangrel Nyima Özer, and Śākya Ö. The work focuses on the compassionate bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara which is promoted here as the patron deity of Tibet. In the Maṇi Kambum, Songtsen Gampo is said to be an emanation of Avalokiteśvara who arrived in Tibet in order to spread the Buddha's Dharma.
The Maṇi Kambum is a very important work for the culture and history of Tibetan Buddhism as well as Tibet in general. The text is connected with the rise in popularity of Avalokiteśvara devotion in Tibet from the 12th to the 14th century. It is also influenced by the Kāraṇḍavyūha Sūtra, which is the source of the Mani mantra.
The Maṇi Kambum is divided into three major sections or cycles:
* The Cycle of Sūtras (mdo skor), revealed by Śākya Ö, which contains myths and legends of Avalokiteśvara and Songtsen Gampo.
* The Cycle of Attainment (sgrub skor) by siddha Ngöndrup, which contains several ritual manuals for deity yoga. These manuals are called "means of achievement" (sgrub thabs; Skt. sādhanas) and focus on Avalokiteśvara.
* The Cycle of Precepts (zhal gdams kyi skor) by Nyangrel Nyima Özer, which contains 150 short texts dealing with doctrine and meditation.
# Attorney General Barrett

Attorney General Barrett may refer to:
* George F. Barrett (1907–1980), Attorney General of Illinois
* James E. Barrett (1922–2011), Attorney General of Wyoming
# Carl Pray

Carl Esek Pray (March 30, 1870 – August 10, 1949) was the head coach of the Central Michigan college football program from 1897 to 1899. A graduate of Olivet College, he was a history instructor at the Milwaukee Normal School after leaving Central Michigan. He was also a professor of history at Michigan State Normal College for 23 years, from 1913 to 1936.

## Head coaching record
### Football

| Year | Team | Overall |
| Central Michigan Normalites (Independent) (1897–1899) ||||||
| 1897 | Central Michigan | 2–1 |
| 1898 | Central Michigan | 1–2 |
| 1899 | Central Michigan | 3–2 |
| Central Michigan: | Central Michigan: | 6–5 |
| Total: | Total: | 6–5 |
# EDTMP

EDTMP or ethylenediamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid) is a phosphonic acid. It has chelating and anti corrosion properties. EDTMP is the phosphonate analog of EDTA. It is classified as a nitrogenous organic polyphosphonic acid.

## Properties and applications

EDTMP is normally delivered as its sodium salt, which exhibits good solubility in water. Used in Water treatment as an antiscaling and anti corrosion agent, the corrosion inhibition of EDTMP is 3–5 times better than that of inorganic polyphosphate. It can degrade to Aminomethylphosphonic acid. It shows excellent scale inhibition ability under temperature 200 °C. It functions by chelating with many metal ions.
The anti-cancer drug Samarium ($^{153}$Sm) lexidronam is also derived from EDTMP.
# Pilz Glacier

Pilz Glacier (also known as Pit Glacier) is in Wenatchee National Forest in the U.S. state of Washington and is on the north slopes Luahna Peak. Pilz Glacier descends from 8,000 to 6,900 ft (2,400 to 2,100 m). An arête separates Pilz Glacier from Butterfly Glacier to the west. Pilz Glacier is within the Glacier Peak Wilderness and is just over 6.5 mi (10.5 km) southeast of Glacier Peak.
# Franklin Hall

Franklin Hall may refer to:

## Places

* Franklin Hall (Columbus, Mississippi), a Mississippi Landmark
* Franklin Hall (Goodwell, Oklahoma), listed on the NRHP in Oklahoma
* Franklin Hall, San Francisco, 1906 San Francisco earthquake Committee's final venue

## People

* Franklin P. Hall (born 1938), U.S. politician
* Franklin Hall (comics) a supervillain
* Franklin Hall (minister) (1907-1993), an American minister

## Organizations

* Franklin Hall was the nickname of Theta Xi's chapter at Yale University 1865-1936
# Chemical Surf

Chemical Surf is a Brazilian electronic music production duo formed by Lucas and Hugo Sanches.
With constant tours around the world, the duo has accumulated more than 400 million streams on streaming platforms, with singles like "Hey Hey Hey", "Pararam", "I Wanna Do", "Feeling Good", "Terremoto", among others. Chemical Surf's has performed at some of the world's leading music festivals, such as Tomorrowland, Rock In Rio, Lollapalooza and Creamfields.
The duo has produced and released tracks with artists such as Tiësto, Kaskade, Gabriel O Pensador, Vintage Culture, as well as Afrojack, Steve Aoki, and R3hab. Chemical Surf's music has been released by some of the main electronic music labels, such as Spinnin' Records, STMPD, DimMak, Musical Freedom, Armada, Sony Music, among others.

## Discography
### Main Singles

* "Hey Hey Hey" (2017)
* "Feeling Good" (2017)
* "I Wanna Do" (2019)
* "Pararam" (2019)
* "Terremoto" (2020)
* "Interstelar" (2020)
# No. 575 Squadron RAF

No. 575 Squadron RAF was a transport squadron of the Royal Air Force during the Second World War.

## History

The squadron was formed at RAF Hendon on 1 February 1944 from elements of 512 Squadron. Just two weeks later it moved to RAF Broadwell to work-up as a tactical transport squadron with the Douglas Dakota, the military transport version of the Douglas DC-3 airliner. The squadron's first operations were leaflet raids on France, on the eve of D-Day it dropped the 5th Para brigade into the invasion drop zone (Operation Tonga). On 6 June it towed 21 gliders into France. In the next few weeks it started a casualty evacuation service from France back to England. In September 1944 it was heavily involved in operations at Arnhem, suffering casualties.
After the end of the war the squadron began flying to and from India from RAF Melbourne in Yorkshire and later from RAF Blakehill Farm. In January 1946 it moved to RAF Bari in Italy to operate an air service between Italy, Austria, Romania, Greece and Bulgaria. It was eventually disbanded at RAF Kabrit, Egypt on 15 August 1946.

## Aircraft operated

Aircraft operated by no. 575 Squadron RAF, data from :
| From | To | Aircraft | Version |
| February 1944 | August 1946 | Douglas Dakota | Mk.III |
| June 1944 | May 1945 | Avro Anson | Mk.I |
| March 1945 | August 1946 | Douglas Dakota | Mk.IV |

## Squadron bases

Bases and airfields used by no. 575 Squadron RAF, data from :
| From | To | Base | Remark |
| 1 February 1944 | 14 February 1944 | RAF Hendon, Middlesex | |
| 14 February 1944 | 5 August 1945 | RAF Broadwell, Oxfordshire | Dets. at B.56/Evere and B.70/Deurne, Belgium |
| 5 August 1945 | 16 November 1945 | RAF Melbourne, Yorkshire | |
| 16 November 1945 | 11 January 1946 | RAF Blakehill Farm, Wiltshire | |
| 11 January 1946 | 26 July 1946 | RAF Bari, Italy | |
| 26 July 1946 | 15 August 1946 | RAF Kabrit, Egypt | |

## Commanding officers

Officers commanding no. 575 Squadron RAF, data from :
| From | To | Name |
| February 1944 | December 1944 | W/Cdr. T.A. Jefferson, AFC |
| December 1944 | July 1945 | W/Cdr. E.C. Deanesly, DFC |
| July 1945 | August 1946 | W/Cdr. B.L. Duigan, DSO, DFC |