OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cornus darvasica

Cornus darvasica is a species of plant in the family Cornaceae that is endemic to Tajikistan.

## Distribution and habitat

C. darvasica is known only from a single site in the Darvaz area of Tajikistan, east of Kalai-Khumb, where it grows in shrubby thickets on the slopes of gorges, occupying an area of less than 10 km$^2$ (3.9 sq mi).
# Piero Sansalvadore

Pietro Giacinto Angelo Sansalvadore known in Great Britain as Piero Sansalvadore (born Turin, 7 April 1892; died Turin, 27 July 1955) was an Italian-born musician, writer, and artist who became a naturalised British citizen.

## Biography
### Early life

Little is known about Sansalvadore's early life. He started to learn the violin at the age of 7 years and when he was 17, began to compose music. A composition for violin and piano is recorded in the Italian National Library.

### First World War and inter-war period

Sansalvadore fought during World War I and was injured in the head and legs. While he was recovering from a nervous breakdown after the war he started to paint, which became his vocation. In 1928 he transferred his studio from Turin to Venice, but in 1930 visited London for an exhibition of his paintings at the Claridge Gallery and remained in England. There he developed a different technique of painting in which he applied paint directly to small panels of bare wood with a palette knife.
Between 1930 and 1933 he spent time in Glasgow and Edinburgh and his paintings of Scotland were shown at the M'Lure Gallery in 1932 and at the gallery of James Connell in Glasgow in May 1934. Examples of his etchings were reproduced in Fine Prints of the Year in 1932 and 1933. He also held an exhibition of paintings at the Fine Art Society in London in December 1938 and four of his pictures of the Silver Jubilee celebrations were bought by Queen Mary, the wife of King George V.
Soon after he arrived in England Sansalvadore found a house and studio in London, on Peel Street in Notting Hill Gate, and lived there for the rest of his life. After seeing Segovia play at the Wigmore Hall he learned to play the guitar and started to collect instruments. He was a member of the Philharmonic Society of Guitarists.

### Second World War and post-war period

During the Second World War Sansalvadore joined the BBC and worked in the Italian Section, which broadcast recordings of him playing the guitar. During the war he became a naturalised British citizen. After the war Sansalvadore held exhibitions of views of London and the Cinque Ports at the Parsons Gallery in London in 1951 and 1953. The pictures sold in 1953 were for the benefit of the Save the Children Fund.

### Death

Piero Sansalvadore died suddenly of a heart attack in July 1955 during a visit to Turin to arrange an exhibition of his work.

## Works

He was the author of at least one novel, published in 1918. Examples of his paintings are held in the collections of The Guildhall Art Gallery, London; the Hunterian Art Gallery, University of Glasgow; and the Museum of London, and can be seen on Art UK.
# Carlos González (cinematographer)

Carlos González, VSC, is a Venezuelan cinematographer and director based in Los Angeles, California.
As a cinematographer, some of his film credits include Raw Justice (1994), Original Gangstas (1996), Joseph's Gift (1998), The Breaks (1999), Wishmaster 2: Evil Never Dies (1999) and The Omega Code (1999).
In television, González served as a cinematographer on the series The New Normal, Switched At Birth and From Dusk Till Dawn: The Series, among others. In 2000, he became a cinematographer on the Nickelodeon series The Brothers García, he made his directorial debut on that series in 2002. His other directing credits include Unfabulous, Big Time Rush, 100 Things To Do Before High School, Switched At Birth, Stuck In The Middle, and the three-hour miniseries Lost In The West. As a film director, he directed the documentaries Children of the Clouds (2007) and Robbed of Truth (2011).
González was born in Maturín, Venezuela. He has a Bachelor of Architecture from the University of Miami and a Masters in Cinematography from the American Film Institute. He holds triple nationality, U.S., E.U. (Spain) and Venezuela. He is a member of the Directors Guild of America, the Venezuelan Society of Cinematography (SVC) and the International Cinematographers Guild.
# Gene trapping

Gene trapping is a high-throughput approach that is used to introduce insertional mutations across an organism's genome.

## Method

Trapping is performed with gene trap vectors whose principal element is a gene trapping cassette consisting of a promoterless reporter gene and/or selectable genetic marker, flanked by an upstream 3' splice site (splice acceptor; SA) and a downstream transcriptional termination sequence (polyadenylation sequence; polyA).
When inserted into an intron of an expressed gene, the gene trap cassette is transcribed from the endogenous promoter of that gene in the form of a fusion transcript in which the exon(s) upstream of the insertion site is spliced in frame to the reporter/selectable marker gene. Since transcription is terminated prematurely at the inserted polyadenylation site, the processed fusion transcript encodes a truncated and nonfunctional version of the cellular protein and the reporter/selectable marker. Thus, gene traps simultaneously inactivate and report the expression of the trapped gene at the insertion site, and provide a DNA tag (gene trap sequence tag, GTST) for the rapid identification of the disrupted gene.

## Access

The International Gene Trap Consortium is centralizing the data and supplies modified cell lines.
# A Tale of Two Villages

A Tale of Two Villages (Spanish: Historia de dos aldeas) is a 1951 Spanish drama film directed by Antonio del Amo and starring Nani Fernández, Carlos Muñoz and Manolo Morán.

## Cast

* Manuel Arbó
* Xan das Bolas
* José Bódalo
* Nani Fernández
* Juana Mansó
* Arturo Marín
* Manolo Morán
* Carlos Muñoz
* Manuel Requena
* Lina Rosales
* Porfiria Sanchíz
# Rock Creek, Oregon

Rock Creek or Rockcreek, Oregon may refer to the following in the U.S. state of Oregon:

## Communities

* Rock Creek, Baker County, Oregon, an unincorporated community
* Rock Creek, Gilliam County, Oregon, an unincorporated community
* Rockcreek, Oregon, a census-designated place in Washington County

## Streams

* Rock Creek (Catlow Valley), Oregon
* Rock Creek (John Day River tributary), Oregon
* Rock Creek (Lane County, Oregon)
* Rock Creek (Wasco County, Oregon)
* Rock Creek (Washington County, Oregon)
# Noel Whitcomb

Noel Bernard Whitcomb (25 December 1918 - 11 June 1993) was an English journalist and the founder of the Daily Mirror Punters' Club.

## Early life

Whitcomb was born on Christmas Day 1918 and was educated by the Society of Jesus at Farnham. He served in the Royal Artillery during World War II, but his service was curtailed by Tuberculosis.

## Early career

Whitcomb worked for a film trade magazine the Daily Renter before joining the Daily Mirror. He famously discovered a ‘talking’ Jack Russell Terrier. By 1947 he had his own Daily Mirror column, 'Looking at the Lousy World and Seeing the Funny Side'. By 1953, Whitcomb had a full-page column and another on London night life.

## Daily Mirror Punters' Club

Whitcomb owned a number of race horses: Heidelberg, winner on the flat, over hurdles and fences; Even Up, who won 14 races; Royal Fanfare, a prolific winner in England, France and Spain; and Mirror Boy, who won the Andy Capp Handicap in 1980.
He was the Founder President of the successful Daily Mirror Punters' Club. The Daily Mirror Punters' Club was established to enable members to enjoy more affordable admission to racecourses in Britain and throughout the world, making Horse racing more accessible. Within five years, the Daily Mirror Punters’ Club had over 500,000 members.
An account of a number of the foreign tours on which Whitcomb accompanied members of the Daily Mirror Punters' Club is included in When Next the Tropic Sun? The book is authored by David Johnson, the travel agent who organised the tours for the Daily Mirror Punters' Club and who himself came from a family which had owned racehorses including Sceptre (co-owned with Robert Sevier).
Whitcomb’s career at the Daily Mirror came to an end in 1980, reportedly when its new owner, Robert Maxwell, objected to his expense account.
A detailed account of Whitcomb's career and the establishment of the Daily Mirror Punters' Club is included in his autobiography, A Particular Kind of Fool. The title of Whitcomb's autobiography was derived from a quotation from his hero Evelyn Waugh: Most fools can get a book published, but it takes a particular kind of fool to hold down a job on a daily newspaper.
# Erbessa capena

Erbessa capena is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1885. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil and French Guiana.
# German submarine U-146 (1940)

German submarine U-146 was a Type IID U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarineduring World War II. Her keel was laid down on 30 March 1940 by Deutsche Werke in Kiel as yard number 275. She was launched on 21 September 1940 and commissioned on 30 October with Eberhart Hoffmann in command.
U-146 began her service life with the 1st U-boat Flotilla. She was then assigned to the 22nd flotilla and subsequently to the 3rd flotilla where she conducted two patrols, sinking one ship, in 1941. She spent the rest of the war as a training vessel, moving back to the 22nd flotilla.
She was scuttled on 5 May 1945.

## Design

German Type IID submarines were enlarged versions of the original Type IIs. U-146 had a displacement of 314 tonnes (309 long tons) when at the surface and 364 tonnes (358 long tons) while submerged. Officially, the standard tonnage was 250 long tons (254 t), however. The U-boat had a total length of 43.97 m (144 ft 3 in), a pressure hull length of 29.80 m (97 ft 9 in), a beam of 4.92 m (16 ft 2 in), a height of 8.40 m (27 ft 7 in), and a draught of 3.93 m (12 ft 11 in). The submarine was powered by two MWM RS 127 S four-stroke, six-cylinder diesel engines of 700 metric horsepower (510 kW; 690 shp) for cruising, two Siemens-Schuckert PG VV 322/36 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 410 metric horsepower (300 kW; 400 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 0.85 m (3 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 80–150 metres (260–490 ft).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 12.7 knots (23.5 km/h; 14.6 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.4 knots (13.7 km/h; 8.5 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate for 35–42 nautical miles (65–78 km; 40–48 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 3,800 nautical miles (7,000 km; 4,400 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph). U-146 was fitted with three 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes at the bow, five torpedoes or up to twelve Type A torpedo mines, and a 2 cm (0.79 in) anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of 25.

## Operational career
### First patrol

The submarine's first patrol commenced with her departure from Kiel on 17 June 1941. She crossed the North Sea and negotiated the gap between the Faroe and Shetland Islands. She sank Pluto 100 nmi (190 km; 120 mi) north north-west of the Butt of Lewis (in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland). She then sailed to a point south-west of Ireland.

### Second patrol

For her second patrol, she left Kiel on 26 July 1941. Her return was on 11 August. No further details are available.

### Fate

The boat was scuttled in the Raederschleuse (lock) at Wilhelmshaven on 5 May 1945. The wreck was broken up on an unknown date.

## Summary of raiding history

| Date | Ship | Nationality | Tonnage (GRT) | Fate |
| 28 June 1941 | Pluto | Finland | 3,496 | Sunk |
# Picture Rocks

Picture Rocks is the name of some places in the United States:
* Picture Rocks, Arizona
* Picture Rocks, Pennsylvania
# Hagnon of Peparethus

Hagnon of Peparethus was an ancient Greek athlete listed by Eusebius of Caesarea as a victor in the stadion race of the 53rd Olympiad (568 BC). He was the first winner from the Aegean Islands and the only winner from the Sporades.
# Blanche Seaver

Blanche Ebert Seaver (September 15, 1891–April 9, 1994) was an American philanthropist and musician.

## Early life and marriage

Born Blanche Ebert on September 15, 1891, she was the tenth child of Norwegian immigrants to Chicago. Her musical talent was evident from a young age, and she graduated from the Chicago Music School in 1911. She would go on to write and arrange music for Irish tenor John McCormack and for the Philadelphia Orchestra under the direction of Leopold Stokowski.
In 1916, she married Frank Seaver, a lawyer who had helped draft the first charter for Los Angeles County. He went on to make a fortune manufacturing oil drilling equipment first for Edward L. Doheny and later for his own Hydril Company.

## Philanthropy

The Seavers were generous philanthropists, founding an orphanage in Mexico City in the 1920s, and donating to the First Congregational Church of Los Angeles and the Los Angeles Music Center, in addition to other musical organizations. Blanche served on the board of several organizations, including Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Pomona College, and the University of Southern California.
Following Frank's death in 1964, Blanche became a benefactor of the young George Pepperdine College in South Central Los Angeles, which, due in large part to her donations, opened a campus in Malibu, California and was renamed Pepperdine University in 1971. In 1975, the liberal arts college at Pepperdine was named Seaver College in memory of Frank and in honor of Blanche's gifts. In all, her friendship with Pepperdine president William S. Banowsky led to more than $160 million in donations to Pepperdine, and she served on the university's board of regents until her death.
# Abayomi Alvin

Towase Abayomi Alvin (born June 20, 1993) is a Nigerian actor and model known for his achievements in the entertainment industry. He has been recognized with several awards for his contributions.

## Career

Alvin embarked on his professional acting career in 2013, becoming part of the Nollywood scene. He secured his debut role in the movie "Collateral War" (2014), directed by Iwuanyanwu Chuks and produced by Chioma Okeke, alongside prominent actors such as Yvonne Jegede and John Dumelo.
He continued to expand his portfolio, featuring in notable Nollywood productions including Calabash Banking Series by Obi Emelonye, where he played a supporting role. His acting repertoire includes appearances in renowned television series such as Jenifa's Diary, Isoken, MTV Shuga Naija, Jemeji, Moms at War, The Johnsons, Alive, Mentally, Truth, A Naija Christmas, You and Me, and The Guys.
In 2022, Alvin was cast in a secondary role for the dance-drama TV series Breakout, directed by Benneth Nwankwo. This series marked a significant milestone as Nigeria's first dance-drama TV series.

## Awards and recognitions

Throughout his career, Abayomi has been honored with various awards and nominations. Notably, he received the Best Actor award at the 19teen Rom Awards in 2017. His accomplishments have been acknowledged by the Industry Cynosure accolade from Maya Awards.
Additionally, Abayomi's talent has garnered nominations at esteemed events like the Best of Nollywood Awards (Revelation of the Year, 2017), City People Entertainment Awards (Most Promising Actor - English), African Entertainment Legends Awards (Most Promising Actor), Nigerian Achievers Awards (Next Rated Actor, 2018), Tush All Youth Awards (Revelation of the Year), and Scream All Youth Awards (Most Promising Actor, 2018).
In 2022, he secured a nomination for The Future Awards Africa Prize For Acting, standing alongside peers such as Teniola Aladese, Maryam Yahaya, Nengi Adoki, Temi Ami-Williams, Emeka Nwagbaraocha, and Bimbo Ademoye.
# Herbert Branston Gray

Herbert Branston Gray (21 April 1851 – 5 April 1929) was an English clergyman and schoolmaster. He was Headmaster and later Warden of Bradfield College and Chairman of the Headmasters' Conference for the year 1900.
Born at Putney, Gray was the younger son of Thomas Gray, of St Peter's, Kent, in the Isle of Thanet, a businessman in the City of London, by his marriage to Emily Mary Heath at Wandsworth in 1849. He was educated at Winchester at Chernocke House (Furleys) as exhibitioner (1865–70) and Queen's College, Oxford. In 1877 he was ordained and became an assistant master at Westminster School before being appointed as Headmaster at Louth Grammar School in 1878, then Bradfield College in 1880. In 1881 Gray established Bradfield's tradition of Greek plays, when as headmaster he arranged for the first such play, Alcestis, to be performed to raise money for the school at a time of financial hardship. Gray was inspired by the performance of Agamemnon at Balliol College, Oxford, in 1880, directed by F. R. Benson. He successfully invited Benson to manage the Bradfield play, and Benson played Apollo himself.
In 1882 Gray married Selina Marriott at Sleaford, Lincolnshire.
By 1898 Gray had the title at Bradfield of "Warden and Chairman of Council", meaning that he was in charge of the school's governance and not managing its teaching from day to day. In 1900, he was chairman of the Headmasters' Conference, and the annual conference was held at Bradfield.
In 1903 Gray was a Member of the Moseley Educational Commission to the United States. In his The Public Schools and the Empire (1913), he recommended that scholarship funding and the competitive system needed to be reformed and that "the cult of sport" should be eliminated.
At the time of his death Gray was Vicar of Lynton, Devon. He left a widow, Selina Gray, and an estate valued at £6,426.

## Selected publications

* Herbert Branston Gray, Modern Laodiceans, and other sermons (Rivingtons, 1883)
* Herbert Branston Gray, Men of Like Passions: Being Characters of Some Bible Heroes and Other Sermons Preached to Bradfield Boys (Longmans, Green, & Company, 1894)
* Herbert Branston Gray, "Report of the Reverend Herbert Branston Gray" in Reports of the Mosely Educational Commission to the United States of America (London: Co-operative Printing Society Limited, 1904)
* Herbert Branston Gray, The Public Schools and the Empire (Michigan: University of Michigan, 1913)
* Herbert Branston Gray DD, The Crossways: the Reform of Secondary Education (1913)
* Herbert Branston Gray DD, America at School and at Work (London: Nisbet, 1918)
# Erbessa continens

Erbessa continens is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by Louis Beethoven Prout in 1918. It is found in Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil.
# Xavier Legrand

Xavier Legrand (born 28 March 1979) is a French actor, scriptwriter and filmmaker. Legrand was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film for the 2013 film Avant que de tout perdre (Just Before Losing Everything). His first feature Custody was in competition at the 74th Venice Film Festival and earned Legrand the Silver Lion for Best Director as well as four César Awards.
His second feature film, The Successor (Le Successeur), premiered at the 71st San Sebastián International Film Festival in 2023. The movie received mixed reviews from critics.

## Selected filmography

* Just Before Losing Everything (2013, short film)
* Custody (2017)
* The Successor (Le Successeur) (2023)
# Physalaemus kroyeri

Physalaemus kroyeri is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae. It is endemic to northeastern Brazil.
Physalaemus kroyeri is a very common, terrestrial frog. Its natural habitat is dry "Caatinga" savanna. It also occupies open areas where the Atlantic forest has been cleared. It is usually found near temporary ponds or in the water. It breeds in these temporary ponds, building a foam nest.
# Rats (footballer)

Ambrósio Amaro Manuel Pascoal best known as Rats, (born 5 May 1977) is a retired Angolan football player. He has played for Angola national team.

## National team statistics

Angola national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2003 | 1 | 0 |
| 2004 | 4 | 0 |
| Total | 5 | 0 |
# National Applications Office

The National Applications Office (NAO) was a United States Department of Homeland Security program that provided local, state, and federal officials extensive access to spy-satellite imagery. It had access to military satellites to observe the United States.

## Details

The NAO was described as a clearinghouse for requests by law enforcement, border security, and other domestic homeland security agencies to access feeds from spy satellites that had collected data for mainly scientific and military uses in the past. The name of the agency had been described as "deceptive."
Access to spy satellite surveillance tools allowed Homeland Security and law enforcement officials to see real-time, high-quality images. Which allowed them to identify gang safe houses, border smuggler staging areas, or even hideouts of would-be terrorists. The spy surveillance satellites were considered by military experts to be far more powerful than those that were currently available to civilian officials. They could take color photos, see through cloud cover and forest canopies, and used different parts of the light spectrum to locate traces left by chemical weapons. However, the full capabilities of these systems are among the most carefully held governmental secrets.
In October 2, 2007, the United States Congress had filed an injunction against the NAO, that ordered it not to begin operations, due to concerns about civil liberty issues. Some in Congress wanted to shut down the agency due to concerns that the satellites could be used to create a "Big Brother" in the sky directed at anyone's house, place of worship or school.
The NAO's charter was signed in February 2008. On November 9, 2008, the Government Accountability Office released a recommendation that the NAO's role be more strictly defined. This might be seen as evidence that the aforementioned civil liberty issues have not been sufficiently addressed.
In 2009 Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano terminated the office.
# Blanche Satchel

Blanche Satchel was an Australian dancer and model.

## Biography

Satchel appeared in the Ziegfeld Follies and Earl Carroll's Vanities and was once Miss Australia. She came from London, England, with the Follies in 1925. Her height was 5'7", she weighed 123 pounds, and she had brown eyes. Her mother was an actress. She was linked romantically to aviator Charles Lindbergh according to newspaper stories in 1928.
Satchel was the subject of a number of nude paintings rendered by Howard Chandler Christy, who is famous for the Christy Girl. She is noted for posing for a portrait of Juliet which was presented to the Shakespeare Foundation. She also modeled for a series of murals which were displayed in an elegant hotel in Buffalo, New York. Christy once described her as "the most beautiful Titian-blonde in the world". In 1927 Satchel posed for a Lucky Strike cigarette advertisement with fellow Ziegfeld Girls Murrell Finley, Myrna Darby and Jean Ackerman.

## Personal life

She was the second wife of millionaire broker Max Bamberger. They wed in Greenwich, Connecticut on 20 June 1933. Satchel was awarded a divorce on a cruelty charge in September 1938. She died in New York in 2004.