OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hunter Township, Jackson County, Minnesota

Hunter Township is a township in Jackson County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 258 at the 2000 census.
Hunter Township was organized in 1872, and named for James Wilson Hunter, a county official.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 35.8 square miles (93 km$^2$), of which 35.7 square miles (92 km$^2$) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km$^2$) (0.17%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 258 people, 99 households, and 77 families residing in the township. The population density was 7.2 inhabitants per square mile (2.8/km$^2$). There were 113 housing units at an average density of 3.2 per square mile (1.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 100.00% White. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.78% of the population.
There were 99 households, out of which 30.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.7% were married couples living together, 4.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.2% were non-families. 20.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.00.
In the township the population was spread out, with 27.1% under the age of 18, 3.9% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 24.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.6 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $41,786, and the median income for a family was $46,667. Males had a median income of $33,333 versus $26,000 for females. The per capita income for the township was $18,729. About 3.9% of families and 3.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.6% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.

## Politics

Hunter Township is located in Minnesota's 1st congressional district, represented by Mankato educator Tim Walz, a Democrat. At the state level, Hunter Township is located in Senate District 22, represented by Republican Doug Magnus, and in House District 22B, represented by Republican Rod Hamilton.
# O with diaeresis

O with diaeresis may refer to:
* O with diaeresis (Cyrillic) (Ӧ, ӧ), a letter in Cyrillic alphabets such as Kurdish, Udmurt, Altay, Khakass, Mari, Udmurt and Komi
* O with diaeresis (Latin) (Ö, ö), a letter in Latin alphabets such as Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, Icelandic, Swedish, Romani, Turkish, Azerbaijani and Tajik
# George Trimble House (Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania)

George Trimble House is a historic home located at Silver Spring Township in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was built in 1812, and is a two-story, five bay wide brick building with a stone foundation and rear kitchen ell. It has a Federal style interior.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.
# Barbara Wright

Barbara Wright may refer to:
* Barbara Wright (translator) (1915–2009), English translator of modern French literature
* Barbara Wright (politician) (born 1933), American politician in New Jersey
* Barbara Wright (professor) (1935–2019), emeritus professor of French at Trinity College, Dublin
* Barbara Wright (author) (born 1951), American novelist
* Barbara Wright (Doctor Who), a fictional character in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who
# Nikolaj Omersa

Nikolaj Omersa (3 December 1911 – 3 December 1981) was a Slovene painter and illustrator.

## Biography

Omersa was born in Idrija in 1911. He graduated from the Zagreb Academy of Fine Arts in 1937. During the Second World War he was interred in Dachau Mittelbau-Dora and Ravensbrück concentration camps. After the war he taught in Ljubljana and was professor at the Academy of Fine Arts and Design from 1954 to 1973.
He received the Prešeren Foundation Award in 1969 for an exhibition of his work in Nova Gorica the previous year, and the Grand Prešeren Award in 1978 for his lifetime achievement.
He also won the Levstik Award for his illustrations three times: in 1950 for his illustrations of Milan Šega's collection of stories Zgodbe o živalih (Stories about Animals), in 1955 for his illustrations of a Hungarian folk tale Zajčkov zvonček (Bunny's Bell) and in 1959 for three books - Skrivnostni jezdec (The Mysterious Rider) by Zane Grey, Pisani svet (Colourful World) by France Bevk and Pogumni kapitani (Captains Courageous) by Rudyard Kipling.
# Broadwater

Broadwater, Broad Water or Broadwaters may refer to:

## Places
### Australia
#### New South Wales

* Broadwater National Park, in New South Wales
* Broadwater, New South Wales, a town in the Northern Rivers

#### Queensland

* Broadwater, Queensland, a locality in the Southern Downs Region near Stanthorpe
* Gold Coast Broadwater, the bay in the Gold Coast
** Electoral district of Broadwater, an polling area surrounding the Gold Coast Broadwater
* Lake Broadwater (also known as Broadwater Lagoon), a protected area in the Western Downs Region, near Dalby

#### Western Australia

* Broadwater, Western Australia, a suburb of Busselton

### United Kingdom
#### England

* Broadwater Farm, Tottenham, London
** Broadwater Farm riot, 1985 race riots
* Broadwater, West Sussex
** Broadwater (electoral division), a West Sussex County Council constituency
* Broadwater, Hertfordshire
* The Broadwater, Berkshire. The name given to a small section of the River Blackwater, and the historical name of Twyford Brook, both tributaries of the River Loddon.
* Broadwater School, Godalming
* Broadwater Green, London
* The Broad Water, an alternative name for Tixall Wide, Staffordshire
* Broadwaters, ward in Wyre Forest, Worcestershire

#### Wales

* Broad Water, a salt water lagoon in Gwynedd

### United States

* Broadwater Energy, a proposed liquid natural gas terminal proposed for Long Island Sound
* Broadwater, Missouri
* Broadwater County, Montana
* Broadwater, Nebraska

## People with the surname

* Charles Arthur Broadwater (1840 - 1892), American businessman and banker
* Chris Broadwater (born 1972), Louisiana politician
* W. Craig Broadwater (1950 - 2006), a United States federal judge

## Other uses

* USS Broadwater (APA-139), US Navy ship
* Broadwater Development, an American casino holding company
# Richard Whitlock

Richard Whitlock may refer to:
* Richard Whitlock (writer) (1616-1666), English doctor, vicar, and the author of Zootomia.
* Richard Whitlock (surgeon), Canadian cardiovascular surgeon.
# Fay Rusling

Fay Rusling is a British comedy writer and performer, most known for her work in the sketch show Smack the Pony and the sitcom Green Wing. She has had a working partnership with fellow writer Oriane Messina since 1999.

## Performer

    Green Wing (2004-2007) Playing Nurse.
    Speeding in Channel 4's Comedy Lab (2005) Playing Abigail.

## Writer

    Smack the Pony (1999-2003)
    2DTV (2001-2004)
    Green Wing (2004-2007)
    Speeding in Channel 4's Comedy Lab (2005)
    Campus (2009-2011)
    Me and Mrs Jones (2012) (also creator)
    Brief Encounters (TV series) (2016) (also creator)
    Breeders (2020-2021)
    Piglets (2024)

## Radio

    Bearded Ladies - (2005-Present, Writer and Performer)
# Principle of deferred decision

Principle of deferred decisions is a technique used in analysis of randomized algorithms.

## Definition

A randomized algorithm makes a set of random choices. These random choices may be intricately related making it difficult to analyze it. In many of these cases Principle of Deferred Decisions is used. The idea behind the principle is that the entire set of random choices are not made in advance, but rather fixed only as they are revealed to the algorithm.

## Applications
### The Clock Solitaire Game

The principle is used to evaluate and determine the probability of "win" from a deck of cards. The idea is to let the random choices unfold, until the iteration ends at 52, where if the fourth card is drawn out of a group labeled "K", the game terminates.
# Hunter Valley (disambiguation)

Hunter Valley, or Hunter Region, is the valley of the Hunter River in New South Wales, Australia.
Hunter Valley may also refer to:
* Hunter Valley Coal Chain, a chain of coal delivery
* Hunter Valley Grammar School
* Hunter Valley Important Bird Area
* Hunter Valley Railway Trust, a railway museum
* Hunter Valley Steamfest, a locomotive event
* Hunter Valley wine, a wine region
# Euxoa leuschneri

Euxoa leuschneri is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Euxoa leuschneri is 10722.1.
# George Lerner

George Lerner (1922–1995) was an American inventor known for inventing the toy Mr. Potato Head.

## Biography

Lerner was born in Brooklyn, New York and worked during his lifetime as an artist, graphic designer, and model maker. In 1949, he designed and produced a first generation set of plastic face pieces. The push pin shaped noses, ears, eyes, and mouth parts could be pushed into fruits or vegetables to transform the food into playmates. The toy did not take off at first because post-World War II consumers didn't like the idea of wasting food by playing with it. Lerner finally sold the toy for $5,000 to a cereal company. The toys were planned to be a premium giveaway in cereal boxes. But when Lerner found a better deal offered by toy manufacturer Hassenfeld Brothers (now Hasbro), Lerner and the manufacturer bought the rights back for $7,000. Hasbro officially named the toy Mr. Potato Head.
In 1964 and 1975, George Lerner's original designs got their plastic head and size upgrades respectively, in order to comply with government issued safety regulations.
Lerner died in 1995.

## Personal life

Lerner was Jewish, and was of Romanian-Jewish descent.
# Nicopolis (disambiguation)

Nicopolis was an ancient city and archbishopric in Epirus, now in continental Greece.
Nicopolis or Nikopolis (Greek: "city of victory") may also refer to:

## In Europe

* Nicopolis (theme), a Byzantine theme (military province) encompassing western Greece
* Nicopolis ad Istrum, a city in Moesia, also known as Nicopolis ad Iaternum, now Stari-Nicup in northern Bulgaria
* Nicopolis ad Nestum, city in Thrace, ruins at modern Garmen in southern Bulgaria
* Nikopol, Bulgaria

## In Africa

* Nicopolis, a city on Egypt's Mediterranean coast, about five miles east of Alexandria

## In Asia
### Anatolia (Turkey)

* Nicopolis (Armenia), an ancient Roman colony, now Koyulhisar in Turkey
* Nicopolis (Bithynia), an ancient town of Bithynia in northwestern Anatolia
* Nicopolis (Cilicia), an ancient town of Cilicia in southeastern Anatolia
* Nicopolis, a city in Asia Minor, now Afyonkarahisar
* Nikopolis, the old name for Şebinkarahisar

### Holy Land

* Emmaus Nicopolis, a Roman name for the city of Emmaus as refounded in 221 AD (in present-day Israel), Arabic ‘Amwās
# Rietoog

Rietoog is a settlement in the Hardap Region of Namibia. It is situated 112 kilometres (70 mi) southwest of Rehoboth and 130 kilometres (81 mi) north of Maltahöhe along the M47 gravel road and belongs to the Rehoboth Rural electoral constituency. The name Rietoog means Cane-eye in Afrikaans, named after a spring that looks like an eye, surrounded by canes, near the town.

## History

The Basters, a group from South Africa, moved to the area in the 1890s.

## Geography

Rietoog has a very dry climate and is surrounded by mountains. Little rainfall has led to a low water supply. Most of the water is supplied from the water tank in the school playground.
Many of its residents keep domestic animals such as horses, dogs, cats, and donkeys. Local plants include the camelthorn tree. A geological feature in the area is the Rietoog Nappe which is said to be "separated from the 4 upper, allochthonous units by a major sole thrust."

## Economy, education and transport

Rietoog has a school and two small shops. The school, WJD Cloete Junior Secondary School, opened in 1949, and currently has about 250 learners in grades 1-10. To travel locally people ride in donkey carts, which are carts pulled by 2-4 donkeys. A minibus transports people to the nearest, larger town of Rehoboth.
Cars are used by a few residents, but there are settlements off the main road and behind the school, which are inaccessible by any form of transport. The M47 gravel road is used as a thoroughfare between Rehoboth and Naukluft.
# Pote (disambiguation)

Poté is a municipality of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Pote or Poté may also refer to:

## Surname

People with the surname Pote or Poté include:
* Lou Pote (born 1971), American baseball pitcher
* Michael Pote (born 1989), South African cricketer
* Mickaël Poté (born 1984), Beninese football forward
* Pravin Pote, Indian politician from Maharashtra
* Romain Poté (1935–2010), Belgian sprinter
* William Pote (1718 – c. 1755), British surveyor and ship captain

## Given name

People with the given name Pote include:
* Pote Sarasin (1905–2000), Thai diplomat and politician
* Pote Human (born 1959), real name Gerhard Human, South African rugby union player and coach
* Pote, fictional villain in the 1998 Indian film Gunda, played by Mohan Joshi
# Minortrophon priestleyi

Minortrophon priestleyi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
# Principle of conferral

The principle of conferral is a fundamental principle of European Union law. According to this principle, the EU is a union of its member states, and all its competences are voluntarily conferred on it by its member states. The Union has no competences by right, and thus any areas of policy not explicitly agreed in treaties by all member states remain the domain of the member states. This indicates that the member states have the right to deal with all matters that fall outside the agreements of the Treaties and the EU can only act within the conferred competences defined by the Member States in the treaties.
This principle has always underpinned the European Union, but it was explicitly specified for the first time in the proposed and rejected Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe. The principle carried over into its replacement, the Treaty on European Union (TEU). It is spelled out fully in Articles 4 and 5 of the TEU.
Both Articles make clear that the Union acts only within the limits of the competences conferred upon it by the Member States, but then state clearly that "Competences not conferred upon the Union in the Treaties remain with the Member States." Article 4(1) repeats this and goes on to stipulate that "The Union shall respect the equality of Member States before the Treaties as well as their national identities, inherent in their fundamental structures, political and constitutional, inclusive of regional and local self-government. It shall respect their essential State functions, including ensuring the territorial integrity of the State, maintaining law and order and safeguarding national security. In particular, national security remains the sole responsibility of each Member State."
In many areas the Union has shared competence with the Member States. Once the Union has passed legislation in these fields competence moves to the Union.
# Cleocnemis

Cleocnemis is a genus of South American running crab spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1886.

## Species

As of September 2022 it contains eight species, found only in South America:
* Cleocnemis heteropoda Simon, 1886 (type) – Brazil
* Cleocnemis insignis (Mello-Leitão, 1929) – Brazil
* Cleocnemis lanceolata Mello-Leitão, 1929 – Brazil
* Cleocnemis magna (Mello-Leitão, 1929) – Brazil
* Cleocnemis mutilata (Mello-Leitão, 1917) – Brazil
* Cleocnemis querencia (Lise & Silva, 2011) – Brazil
* Cleocnemis robertae (Lise & Silva, 2011) – Brazil, Argentina
* Cleocnemis zabele (Pantoja, Drago-Bisneto & Saturnino, 2020) – Brazil
# HMS Proserpine

Several Royal Navy ships have borne the name HMS Proserpine:
* HMS Proserpine (1756) was a sloop purchased in 1756 and captured by France later that year.
* HMS Proserpine (1757) was a fireship purchased in 1757 and sold in 1763.
* HMS Proserpine (1777) was a sixth-rate frigate wrecked in a snowstorm on 1 February 1799 on Scharhörn Sand near Newark Island in the Elbe with the loss of 14 of her crew. After she had been abandoned, several crew members returned to her and refloated her on 10 February but she grounded again on Baltrum Island.
* HMS Proserpine (1798) was the French frigate Bellone, which HMS Ethalion captured on 12 October 1798 and which the Royal Navy took into service as a 36-gun fifth-rate frigate. She was hulked in 1799 and sold for breaking up in 1806.
* HMS Proserpine (1807) was an Amphion-class frigate launched in 1807. While she lay off Toulon on 27 February 1809, the French frigates Pénélope and Pauline captured her in the action of 27 February 1809.
* HMS Proserpine (1830) was a 46-gun fifth rate sold in 1860.
* HMS Proserpine (1896) was a Pelorus-class cruiser built in 1896 and scrapped in 1919.
* HMS Proserpine, a shore naval base at Lyness in Orkney used by Scapa Flow in World War II.
# Georges d'Esparbès

Georges d'Esparbès (24 March 1863 - 25 June 1944) was a French novelist. Three film versions were made of his work Les demi-soldes, set during the Napoleonic era.
# D-tryptophan N-malonyltransferase

In enzymology, a D-tryptophan N-malonyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.112) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    malonyl-CoA + D-tryptophan $\rightleftharpoons$ CoA + N$_2$-malonyl-D-tryptophan
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are malonyl-CoA and D-tryptophan, whereas its two products are CoA and N2-malonyl-D-tryptophan.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is malonyl-CoA:D-tryptophan N-malonyltransferase.
# Niels Vorenhout

Niels Vorenhout (born March 17, 1980) is a former Dutch basketball player and coach.

## Coaching career

In May 2013 Vorenhout became head coach of his former club, Maxxcom BSW from Weert. In 2015, his contract expired.
# Brooklyn Mall

Brooklyn Mall is a shopping mall in Brooklyn, Pretoria, South Africa, owned by development company Growthpoint Properties. Brooklyn is designed around two spaces – the Mall itself, hosting the retail area, and Brooklyn Square, an outside dining area.
# Chapters (Paradox album)

Chapters is the fourth album by Irish grunge band Paradox, released on 24 January 2015. It is the first album by the band to feature Maeve Kelly on cello.

## Personnel

* Pete Mac – guitar, vocals, bass, drums
* Mike Mac – drums
* Maeve Kelly – cello
# Boulton (surname)

Boulton is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

## A

* Adam Boulton (born 1959), British journalist, Editor-at-large of Sky News
* Alfredo Boulton (1908–1995), Venezuelan photographer, founder of Boulton Foundation
* Andres Boulton Pietri [es] (1909–1994), Venezuelan entrepreneur of Venezuelan Boulton Group
* Andres Boulton [es] (born 1943), Venezuelan writer and philosopher

## B

* Bolivia Bottome Boulton [es] (born 1960), Venezuelan musicologist

## C

* Charles Arkoll Boulton (1841–1899), British lieutenant colonel in the Red River Rebellion
* Clint Boulton (1948–2021), English footballer

## D

* Doris Boulton-Maude born Doris Boulton (1892–1961), Englısh artist

## E

* Eduardo Schlageter Boulton [es] (1940–2003), Venezuelan entrepreneur of Venezuelan Boulton Group
* Eric Boulton (born 1976), British ice hockey player
* Ernest Boulton (1848–1905), British actor accused in the Boulton and Park transvestism trial

## H

* Henry Lord Boulton Schimmel [es] (1829–1891), Venezuelan entrepreneur of Venezuelan Boulton Group
* Henry Lord Boulton Nuñes [es] (1920–2015), Venezuelan entrepreneur of Venezuelan Boulton Group
* Howard Boulton Nuñes [es] (born 1936), Venezuelan entrepreneur of Venezuelan Boulton Group

## I

* Isaac Watt Boulton (1823–1899), British engineer, owned a locomotive-hire business known as Boulton's Siding

## J

* John Boulton Rojas [es] (1870–1940), Venezuelan entrepreneur of Venezuelan Boulton Group
* John Boulton Townley [es] (1805–1875), British entrepreneur founder of Venezuelan Boulton Group

## L

* Laura Boulton (1899–1980), American ethnomusicologist

## M

* Maria Teresa Boulton [es] (born 1956), Venezuelan photographer
* Margarita Boulton [es] (born 1978), Venezuelan photographer
* Margot Boulton [es] (1907–2003), Venezuelan philanthropist
* Marjorie Boulton (1924–2017), British writer
* Matthew Boulton (1728–1809), British manufacturer and business partner of James Watt
* Matthew Piers Watt Boulton (1820–1894), British classicist, amateur scientist and inventor
* Matthew Robinson Boulton (1770–1842), British manufacturer and son of Matthew Boulton

## N

* Nicholas John Boulton (Born 1966) British Photographer

## R

* Ralph Boulton (1923–1992), English footballer
* Richard Boulton Winckelmann (born 1964), Venezuelan entrepreneur of Venezuelan Boulton Group
* Roger Boulton Almeida [es] (born 1937), Venezuelan entrepreneur of Venezuelan Boulton Group
* Roland Denis Boulton [es] (born 1960), Venezuelan economist

## V

* Vanessa Boulton [es] (born 1979), Venezuelan designer

## W

* William Savage Boulton (1867–1954), English geologist
# Felice Besostri

Felice Carlo Besostri (23 April 1944 – 6 January 2024) was an Italian jurist and politician.

## Life and career

Felice Besostri was born in Zevio on 23 April 1944. He completed his legal studies at the University of Milan at the age of 25. Besostri later joined the university's political science department as a researcher.
Between 1983 and 1988, Besostri served as mayor of Borgo San Giovanni, and represented the Italian Socialist Party (PSI). After the PSI disbanded in 1994, Besostri became close to Valdo Spini, and was elected to the Senate of the Republic representing the Democrats of the Left, a member party of The Olive Tree coalition, from 1996 to 2001.
After completing his term in the Senate, Besostri became known for appealing the enforcement of the Italian electoral law of 2005, which led to its voidment on 13 January 2004. The subsequent changes in 2015 were again stricken down by his iniziative.
Besostri died in Milan on 6 January 2024, at the age of 79: at his funeral he was remembered with Giacomo Matteotti's quotation "the man dies, not the idea".
# Brian Morrissey

John Brian Morrissey is a co-founder of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.
Born in Dungarvan, Ireland, he graduated from University College Dublin with a degree in veterinary medicine and became a member of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons in 1965.
He immigrated to Canada in 1968, and joined the Food Production and Inspection Branch of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and held several positions including Director General of the Food Inspection Directorate, and Assistant Deputy Minister (ADM) of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. Between 1990 and 1992, he served as ADM of the Science Branch at Fisheries and Oceans Canada and in 1992, he was appointed ADM of the Research Branch at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.
In 2001, he was awarded Canada's "Outstanding Achievement Award", and in 2004 was presented with the French Ministry of Agriculture's professional designation known as "Knight of the Order of Agricultural Merit" for advancing Franco-Canadian cooperation in research.