OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grand Master of Ceremonies of France

The Grand Master of Ceremonies of France or Grand maître des cérémonies de France was one of the Great Officers of the Maison du Roi ("King's Household") during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration. His function was to organize all public ceremonies of the crown.
The position was created by Henri III on January 1, 1585, to relieve the Grand Master of France of part of his workload. The Grand Master of Ceremonies took his oath of office at the hands of the Grand Master of France.
The Grand Master of Ceremonies oversaw state ceremonies and not court etiquette or private functions. He played a role in ceremonies celebrating or commemorating births, baptisms, marriages, and funerals for members of the royal family, royal feasts, ambassadorial receptions, the coronation, royal entries into towns, lits de justice, meetings of the States General and important assemblies.
The duties of The Grand Master of Ceremonies were principally :
* overseeing logistics of ceremonies (materials, workers, plans, menus);
* carrying messages and convocations from the king to Parlement, the other sovereign courts or notable individuals;
* accompanying the king and the queen, or foreign sovereigns, on their travels, so as to manage the ceremonies during the trip;
* making official records of the ceremonies to serve as jurisprudence and to aid future ceremonies;
* counselling the members of the court of their role in the ceremonies, and overseeing that the ceremonies unfold properly.
In the exercise of his functions, he was assisted by a "master of ceremonies" and an aide.
The Grand Master of Ceremonies carried a baton covered in black velvet, with an ivory tip.
The position was eliminated in 1792, but was reinstated during the Bourbon Restoration.

## Grand Masters of Ceremonies

* 1585-1603 Guillaume Pot de Rhodes
* 1603-1616 Guillaume II Pot de Rhodes
* 1616-1622 François Pot de Rhodes
* 1622-1642 Claude Pot de Rhodes
* 1642-1666 Henri de Rhodes
* 1666-1684 Charles, marquis de Rhodes
* 1684-1701 Jules-Armand Colbert, marquis de Blainville
* 1701-1749 Thomas II, marquis de Dreux
* 1749-1755 Michel, marquis de Brézé
* 1755-1781 Joachim, marquis de Dreux
* 1781-1792 & 1814-1829 Henri-Évrard, marquis de Dreux-Brézé
* 1829-1830 Scipion, marquis de Dreux-Brézé
# Paige's Music

W. H. Paige and Company is a music instrument retailer based in Indianapolis, Indiana. The company was founded in 1871 in Terre Haute, Indiana, by William H. Paige, a vocal music teacher, and W. B. Warton, a real estate agent. The company sold a variety of musical instruments, books, and phonographs. William Paige died in 1901, and the company was then operated by his sons Warner and Frederick.
By 1977, the company was run by Warner Paige III, who opened a second location in Indianapolis. The Terre Haute location was later closed, as was a satellite store in Kokomo, Indiana. In 1999, Mark Goff, who had joined the company in 1985, purchased the company.
The company now focuses primarily on band and orchestra instruments for schools. The company is listed in the "Top 200 Music Stores Ranked by Sales" by The Music Trades.
# Pakistan Bridge Federation

The Pakistan Bridge Federation is the governing body for the game of bridge in Pakistan. The federation was founded as the Pakistan Bridge Association in 1972. It was renamed to the Pakistan Bridge Federation in 1993. Its headquarters are located in Karachi.
It has a membership of around 500 players.

## History

Tournament bridge was introduced in Pakistan in the mid-1970s. At that time, Dr. Muhammad Ilyas shifted from Saudi Arabia to Karachi and started bridge clubs, the first of which was opened at the Bangalore Town Hall near Tipu Sultan Road. However in 1977, the club had to move after an adjacent mosque accused it of gambling. Eventually, it was able to establish its base underneath one of the stands at the National Stadium.
After the introduction of the game, M. Aslam Sheikh is credited with popularizing it. Young officers of the armed forces played it regularly to improve their mental acuity. Eventually, the civilian population also started playing it, and the game spread. So far, Pakistani players have won 34 medals in international competitions.

## Affiliations

The Pakistan Bridge Federation is affiliated with:
* World Bridge Federation
* Bridge Federation of Asia & the Middle East
* Pakistan Sports Board
# Flag of Kemerovo Oblast

The flag of Kemerovo Oblast is a red rectangle with a blue stripe at the hoist side, its width 1/3 of the flag length. In the upper part of the blue stripe is the Kemerovo Oblast coat of arms. The coat of arms contains the year 1943, the year of the oblast's foundation, on a red Order of Lenin ribbon with gold edges. The emblem contains a pick axe and a hammer. The oblast is one of Russia's major coal and metal mining regions. The flag ratio is 1:2, however a variant used from 2003 is 2:3 ratio.
The current version of the flag was approved on 10 March 2020, after changes were made to the coat of arms of the Oblast. The previous flag was adopted on 7 June 2002, however according to Sergei Sherniakov of the Heraldic Committee of Perm Region the adoption date of the Kemerovo Oblast flag was 29 May 2002.
# Flag of Kashubia

The flag that is used as the symbol of Kashubia, a region in Central Europe, and the Kashubian people, is divided horizontally into black and yellow stripes.

## Design

There is no one universally recognized official description of the flag design. The most common version of the flag of Kashubia is divided horizontally into two equally-sized stripes that are black on top and yellow on the bottom. Notably, such design is officially recognized by the Kashubian Association. There are no official proportions of the flag's height and width.
The flags colours originate from the coat of arms of Kashubia. Alternatively, some theories state that the flag originates from the flag of the Habsburg monarchy.
The other version is a banner of arms, based on the coat of arms of Kashubia, that depicts a black griffin standing on its back paws, wearing a yellow crown, placed in the centre of the yellow background. The griffin is adopted from the coat of arms of Kashubia.

## History

The first recorded use of the flag dates back to 18 August 1929 during a Kashubian convention in Kartuzy. In the book Współczesna literatura kaszubska 1945-1980, the author Jan Drzeżdżon states that the griffin flag was the first to be shown, and the two-stripe flag was the second. He also mentions that Aleksander Majkowski owned such flag before the convention happened. The convention was the first event that saw the rise of the popularity of the flag. Following the hanging of the flag at the convention, the local government sent police officers to take it down. In order to prevent further escalation, the flag was hung next to the flag of Poland.

## Holiday

The Kashubian Flag Holiday (Kashubian: Swiãto Kaszëbsczi Fanë; Polish: Święto flagi kaszubskiej) happens on 18 August as the anniversary of the first time the Kashubian flag was displayed. The first celebration of said holiday happened in 2012 as an initiative of Kashubian Association.
# Flag of Khakassia

The flag of Khakassia is used by the Republic of Khakassia, a federal subject of Russia. It consists of a blue-white-red horizontal tricolour with a green vertical band on the hoist containing a traditional yellow sun device. The ratio of the flag is 1:2 and it was adopted 25 September 2003.

## History

During Soviet rule, Khakassia existed as the Khakas Autonomous Oblast and did not have its own flag. In February 1992, after the fall of the Soviet Union, Khakassia became one of the republics of Russia, and on 6 June 1992, Khakassia adopted its first flag. The earliest version of the flag of Khakassia was similar to the current one, but the sun on the hoist was black and the colours of the tricolour were white-blue-red, similar to the flag of Russia. On 23 December 1993, the colour of the sun was changed from black to yellow.
The usage of the Russian flag on regional flags is forbidden in Russia, but Khakassia was granted exception to the rule as its flag was designed before the law was passed. Despite being exempt from the rule, on 25 September 2003 the order of the stripes on the flag of Khakassia was changed from white-blue-red to blue-white-red, so that the order of the stripes no longer mimicked the Russian flag.

## Flags
### Historical flags

| Date | Use |
| 1992–1993 | Former flag of Khakassia |
| 1993–2002 | Former flag of Khakassia |
| 2002–2003 | Former flag of Khakassia |

### Administrative flags

| Date | Use |
| ?–present | Flag of Abakan |
| ?–present | Flag of Abaza |
| 2004–present | Flag of Sayanogorsk |
| ?–2004 | Flag of Sayanogorsk |
| ?–present | Flag of Sorsk |
| ?–present | Flag of Chernogorsk |
| ?–present | Flag of Altaysky District |
| ?–present | Flag of Askizsky District |
| ?–present | Flag of Beysky District |
| 2010–present | Flag of Bogradsky District |
| ?–2010 | Flag of Bogradsky District |
| ?–present | Flag of Tashtypsky District |
| ?–present | Flag of Ust-Abakansky District |
| 2012–present | Flag of Shirinsky District |
| ?–2012 | Flag of Shirinsky District |
# Palatka Redlegs

The Palatka Redlegs were a minor league baseball team that existed from 1956 to 1962 as members of the Florida State League, as descendants from the Palatka Azaleas.
The team began as an affiliate of the Detroit Tigers in 1956, as the Palatka Tigers. From 1957 to 1960, the franchise was affiliated with the Cincinnati Reds. In 1961 they were affiliated with the Milwaukee Braves.
The Redlegs enjoyed a fairly successful run during their affiliation with the Reds, finishing no worse than third place over four seasons, including making the league finals in 1957 and winning the championship in 1960. However, as a Braves' affiliate, it would finish 61–78, which earned them sixth place in the 1961 FSL.
The franchise then affiliated with the Chicago Cubs as the Palatka Cubs before folding in 1962.

## The Ballpark

Palatka teams played at the Azalea Bowl in Forrester Field, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The address is 1600 Twigg Street. The park, with the original grandstand demolished, is still in use today as home to the Palatka High School Panthers. Babe Ruth conducted clinics at the field in the late 1930s. "

## A False Spring: Novel

The 1961 team was memorialized in Pat Jordan's award-winning book "A False Spring." Jordan was a one-time phenom who never made it to the big leagues. He wrote of his minor league experiences in Palatka, such as the time a player sprinted in, grabbed a bat, clubbed a snake and threw it over the outfield fence.

## Notable alumni

* Dave Bristol (1960)
* Bill Connors (1962)
* Vic Davalillo (1958) MLB All-Star
* Tommy Helms (1959) 1966 NL Rookie of the Year
* Pat Jordan (1961)
* Mel Queen (1960)
* Johnny Vander Meer (1958, MGR) 4 x MLB All-Star
* Rube Walker (1962, MGR)
# Palintropa peregrina

Palintropa peregrina is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Clarke in 1971. It is found on Rapa Iti.
# Palinuro (disambiguation)

Palinuro is a town in the Province of Salerno, Italy.
Palinuro may also refer to:
* Cape Palinuro, Campania, Italy
* Italian training ship Palinuro
* Volcano Palinuro, off the coast of Cilento in Southern Italy
* Palinuro de México, a 1976 novel by Mexican author Fernando del Paso
# Page From a Diary

Page From a Diary is a 1936 play by the British writer Charles Bennett. It is a melodrama set on the Northwest Frontier where a British unit is trapped by the enemy and a Captain's wife is involved in a love triangle.
It ran for 33 performances at the Garrick Theatre in London's West End. The cast included Greer Garson and Ernst Deutsch.
# Barkheda Baramad

Barkheda Baramad is a village in the Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is located in the Berasia tehsil.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Barkheda Baramad has 32 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 72.06%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 160 | 81 | 79 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 24 | 11 | 13 |
| Scheduled caste | 59 | 32 | 27 |
| Scheduled tribe | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Literates | 98 | 59 | 39 |
| Workers (all) | 74 | 41 | 33 |
| Main workers (total) | 39 | 35 | 4 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 19 | 17 | 2 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 16 | 14 | 2 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Main workers: Other | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 35 | 6 | 29 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 34 | 6 | 28 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Non-workers | 86 | 40 | 46 |
# Fletcher Watson

Fletcher G. Watson (c. 1912 – 7 May 1997) was an American professor of science education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education (1946–77), where he served as the Henry Lee Shattuck Professor of Education (1966–77). Watson was a founder and co-director of Harvard Project Physics.

## Early life and education

Watson was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1912. He graduated in astronomy at Pomona College in 1933 and earned a Ph.D. in astronomy in 1938 at Harvard University.

## Career

Following his Ph.D., Watson joined the Harvard College Observatory, researching meteors, meteorites, and solar observation. During World War II, Watson served in the Navy, where he worked on the Long Range Navigation (LORAN) system. He left the navy in 1946 with the rank of lieutenant commander. Harvard University president James Bryant Conant appointed Watson a professor of science education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, where he served from 1946 until 1977. He was named Harvard's first Henry Lee Shattuck Professor of Education in 1966.
In 1964, Watson founded and was co-director of Harvard Project Physics, a nationwide effort to develop high school physics courses that would attract more students, particularly females. One aspect of the program that he researched was testing the course materials in schools to find out if they were having the desired result of increasing interest and enrollment in science courses.
Watson retired from Harvard in 1977, and served as director of Project City Sciences at New York University. This program focused on training teachers and other professionals for work in inner-city schools. He served as a member of the planetarium advisory committee of the Boston Museum of Science, and was the committee's first chairman.

## Personal life

Watson's son is Alexander F. Watson, former ambassador and diplomat. He had three other sons, Jonathan G. Watson, former pilot of Marine One and a helicopter expert, Stephen C Watson, and Christopher Watson, a nurse in Rhode Island.
# Fletcher Wamilee

Fletcher Wambo Wamilee (born 6 January 1972) is a Vanuatuan sprinter.
Wamilee competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics held in Barcelona, he entered the 100 metres and ran a time of 11.41 seconds and finished 8th in his heat so didn't qualify for the next round.
# Barbara station

Barbara (French pronunciation:) is a station of the Paris Métro on Line 4 in Montrouge and Bagneux. The station was built as part of a two-station southward extension from Mairie de Montrouge to Bagneux–Lucie Aubrac. It opened in January 2022.

## History

The extension of Line 4 south from Mairie de Montrouge received déclaration d'utilité publique in February 2005. Work to build the extension began in 2015, and was originally planned to open in 2020. During the planning stages of the extension, the station was tentatively called Verdun-Sud. Following a public vote, the station was named after French singer Barbara, who was buried in the nearby Cimetière parisien de Bagneux.
The station was opened on 13 January 2022. The extension is expected to bring 37,000 new passengers per day. The cost of the extension was 406 million euro, split between Ile-de-France Region (60%), the state (25.7%), and the department of Hauts-de-Seine, in which Barbara is located (14.3%).
An apartment building for young workers was built by RATP Habitat above the station entrance at Avenue Marx Dormoy, and was completed in February 2023.

## Architecture

The station was designed by LIN (Finn Geipel and Giulia Andi). The design uses white corrugated metal panels on the walls and vaulted ceiling, as well as large circular light fittings – a similar concept was also used at Aimé Césaire and Mairie d'Aubervilliers stations on line 12.

## Passenger services
### Access

The station has two entrances:
* Access 1 - "Avenue Marx Dormoy" is located on the territory of Montrouge, along Avenue Marx-Dormoy, at the corner of Avenue de Verdun and Avenue Henri Ginoux. The entrance is located on the ground floor of an apartment building for young workers.
* Access 2 - "Avenue de Stalingrad" is located on the territory of Bagneux, at the corner of Avenue de Stalingrad and Avenue du Colonel-Fabien. The entrance is a standalone building.

### Platform

The platform is fitted with platform edge doors, installed as part of the automation of Line 4.

### Other services

The station connects with lines 128 and 323 of the RATP Bus Network.

## Nearby

* Cimetière parisien de Bagneux
* Fort de Montrouge
# Barkly Pass

Barkly Pass is situated in the high mountains of the Eastern Cape, South Africa, on the Regional R58 tarred road between Elliot and Barkly East.

## History

The pass is named after Henry Barkly, governor of the Cape. It was constructed in 1885.

## Route

The pass starts a few kilometres outside Elliot at 1,473 m (4,833 ft) above sea level and ascends moderately steep at a gradient of 1:22 attaining an elevation gain of 626 m (2,054 ft) in a distance of 12 km (7.5 mi). After a few sharp hairpin bends it reaches an elevation of 2,018 m (6,621 ft) at the summit. The pass is subject to frequent winter snow closures.
# Barnaba Adorno

Barnaba Adorno (Genoa, 1385 - Genoa, 1459) was the 30th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.

## Biography

Born in Genoa around 1385, he was the nephew of the former Doges Giorgio Adorno and Antoniotto Adorno, the latter elected to the dogal office four times. Engaged in commercial traffic in the eastern Genoese colonies, especially in Chios, he participated together with other members of his family in military operations against the dominion of the Visconti family in the territories of the Republic of Genoa.
Upon the resignation of his cousin Raffaele Adorno, Barnaba Adorno took over as the new Doge of Genoa, the thirtieth in republican history. This mandate, however, even for the opposition maneuvers of the Fregosos, did not last even a month and on 30 January forced him to flee the Genoese capital.
Adorno presumably died in Genoa in 1459.
# Barnaba Cagnoli

Barnaba Cagnoli (1262?-1332) was an Italian friar from Vercelli.
He was born around the year 1262 and became the provincial of Lombardy from 1305 to 1313 and from 1319 to 1324.
In 1317 he was named inquisitor and defender of the faith for Asti and Piedmont.
After the finish of his second provinciality, he was appointed as papal legate in Piedmont by John XXII, reducing the princes and marquess from that region to the unit and the peace, therefore before they were separated of the Church and in war among itself. In 1324 he was elected Master general of the Dominican Order, serving until his death in Paris in 1332.
# Pale-vented thrush

The pale-vented thrush (Turdus obsoletus) is a species of bird in the family Turdidae.
It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and heavily degraded former forest.
# Fluoronitrobenzene

Fluoronitrobenzene may refer to three compounds with the formula FC$_6$H$_4$NO$_2$:
* 2-Fluoronitrobenzene
* 3-Fluoronitrobenzene
* 4-Fluoronitrobenzene
# Pamela Rosado

Pamela Rosado (born 30 April 1986) is a Puerto Rican basketball player for Montañeras de Morovis and the Puerto Rican national team.
She participated at the 2018 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup. and at the 2020 Summer Olympic Games, which were held in 2021 because of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020.
# Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Flexor digiti minimi brevis may refer to:
* Flexor digiti minimi brevis (hand)
* Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle (foot)
# Focused deterrence

Focused deterrence (also known as pulling levers policing) is a crime prevention strategy which aims to deter crime by increasing the swiftness, severity and certainty of punishment for crimes by implementing a mix of law enforcement, social services, and community mobilization. This approach also aims to identify underlying causes of gun injury-related problems and tailors specific solutions to each of them. The available evidence indicates that these programs are notably effective at reducing gun violence, though this may not be due to the provision social services. Among the focused deterrence programs that have been implemented in the United States is the Operation Ceasefire program in Boston, which aimed to concentrate law enforcement efforts on violent criminals in crime "hot spots". This was the first program, created by criminologist David M. Kennedy. From there, inspired focused deterrence programs were applied, including Operation Peacekeeper in Stockton and other forms of Operation Ceasefire in Rochester, Newark, and Los Angeles.
# Pahi language

Pahi, or Lugitama (also Riahoma, Wansum), is a Sepik language of Sandaun Province, Papua-New Guinea.
# Pahi

Pahi may refer to:

## Places

* Páhi, a village in Hungary
* Kampung Pahi, a village in Malaysia
* Pahi River, a river in New Zealand
* Pahi, New Zealand, a village in New Zealand
* Pahi (Tanzanian ward), in Tanzania
* Pahi, Unnao, a village in Sikandarpur Karan CDB, Uttar Pradesh, India

## Other uses

* Pahi (ship), a traditional Tahitian watercraft
* Pahi language, a language of Papua-New Guinea
* Pahi language (Nepal), or Pahari, a language of Nepal
* Te Pahi, a Māori tribal leader
# Palm i705

The Palm i705 was an upgrade from the last series of Palm PDAs to use the now discontinued Palm.net service via Mobitex to access the World Wide Web from Palm devices. It featured 8MB of onboard memory and an SD/MMC slot for additional storage or SDIO cards. It used the Motorola Dragonball VZ 33 MHz processor and ran Palm OS 4.1, it was noted as being the first Palm.net capable device without a flip out antenna and with an internal rechargeable battery, although it was the third and final of the three models manufactured by Palm that were capable of utilizing this network.
# Barnes Hospital

Barnes Hospital may refer to:
* Barnes Hospital, Cheadle in Greater Manchester, England
* Barnes Hospital, London in Richmond upon Thames, England
* Barnes-Jewish Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri, United States