OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Viola Cordova

Viola Cordova (October 20, 1937 – November 2, 2002), a philosopher, artist, and author, member of the Jicarilla Apache tribe, was one of the first Native American women to earn a PhD in philosophy.

## Early life

Viola Cordova grew up in Taos, New Mexico; her father was a member of the Jicarilla Apache tribe, and her mother was Hispanic. She earned her bachelor's degree from Idaho State University, and her MA and PhD in philosophy from the University of New Mexico.

## Career

She served with Anne Waters as co-editor of the American Philosophical Association's Newsletter on American Indians in Philosophy from its inception in 2001 until her death.
In his book, What Has No Place, Remains, Nicholas Shrubsole notes that "Viola Cordova reminds us that the act of listening to understand can not be premised upon the desire to see a distortion of one’s self."

## Death and legacy

Cordova died on November 2, 2002. After her death, the University of New Mexico named an annual lecture series in her honor.

## Works

* Conceptual frameworks as a source of cultural distinctions (Master's thesis, University of New Mexico, 1985)
* The concept of monism in Navajo thought (PhD dissertation, University of New Mexico, 1992)
* How It Is: A Native American Creation Story by V. F. Cordova (Center for Applied Studies in American Ethnicity, Colorado State University, 1994)
* Who We Are: An Exploration of Identity by V. F. Cordova (Center for Applied Studies in American Ethnicity, Colorado State University, 1994)
* Hearing Other Voices: A Series of Talks and Lectures by Viola Cordova, PhD (Colorado State University, 1995)
* Cordova, V. F. (2007). How It Is: The Native American Philosophy of V. F. Cordova. Edited by Kathleen Dean Moore, Kurt Peters, Ted Jojola, and Amber Lacy. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. ISBN 978-0-8165-2649-9. OCLC 137331382.
# Viola Concerto in G major (Telemann)

Of Georg Philipp Telemann's surviving concertos, his Viola Concerto in G major, TWV 51:G9 is among his most famous, and still regularly performed today. It is the first known concerto for viola and was written circa 1716–1721. Telemann focused on composing for lesser-known instruments, resulting in the composition of this Viola Concerto. Telemann's Concerto for Viola represents a major Baroque concerto, as he explored the soloistic sound of the instrument, allowing it to be viewed as more than just an ensemble instrument. Unlike J.S. Bach and Vivaldi’s standard concerti of three movements, Telemann’s Concerto in G major for Viola contains four movements, and follows sonata da chiesa form, alternating between the tutti and solo sections, a common practice during this period.
Movements:
* Largo: A mellow movement with long notes. Written in 3/2, with many dotted quarter and eighth note slurs, and is in the key of G. Usually is played with vibrato. Some performers choose to add significant ornamentation to this very simple movement.
* Allegro: Most played movement. Written in 4/4 and in the key of G. The melody begins with a distinctive syncopated figure which is also used independently later in the movement.
* Andante: A slow, mellow movement in the relative minor and largely on the upper strings of the instrument. This movement is in E minor, the relative minor of G major.
* Presto: A fast, exciting movement in the tonic key.
The fast movements contain very few slurs, and many performers' editions include slurring suggestions, often indistinguishable from markings contained in the original. The performer is encouraged to invent a varied pattern of slurs which fits the shape of each phrase.
The slow movements both give the option of a cadenza.
A typical performance lasts about 14 minutes.
# Alexandra Mehnert

Alexandra Mehnert (born 1974) is a German politician as a member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) party. She was elected a member of the European Parliament in the 2024 European elections.

## Early life and education

Mehnert was born on 6 August 1974 in Magdeburg in the former German Democratic Republic. Magdeburg is now the capital of the state of Saxony-Anhalt. She graduated from high school in Magdeburg in 1993 and then studied political science, sociology and education at the Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg. She received a scholarship to do this from the Konrad Adenauer Foundation, which is associated with, but independent from, the CDU. In 1998 she received a Master of Arts degree.

## Career

Since obtaining her master's degree she has worked for the Konrad Adenauer Foundation in various positions. From 1998 she was head of the Schloss Wendgräben Vocational School. She then became the head of the Europe Direct Information Centre in Magdeburg, run by the same foundation, and briefly worked at the Erfurt Vocational School as a parental leave replacement. Until her election to the European Parliament, she was head of the Saxony-Anhalt Political Education Forum, which is also supported by the Konrad Adenauer Foundation.

## Political career

In 1990, Mehnert joined the Young Union, a youth organization of the CDU and its coalition partner, the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU). She joined the CDU in 1991 and the Christian Democratic Employees' Association (CDA), which is an organization connected with the CDU, in 1993. She was a co-founder of the Saxony-Anhalt Young Union and its chair from 1991 to 1994. She was a member of the Saxony-Anhalt CDU state executive committee from 2000 to 2006, and held that position again from September 2023.

## European Parliament

Mehnert was an unsuccessful candidate in the 2004 European elections. On 10 June 2023, she was chosen as the top candidate for the CDU in Saxony-Anhalt for the 2024 European elections. In the election on 9 June 2024, she was elected to the European Parliament, where she joined the European People's Party Group and became a member of the Committee on Transport and Tourism. Her campaign material stressed the importance she attached to the European Union.
# Virapandy Road railway station

Salem–Palakkad line :
Legend :
Source: Google Maps :
This diagram: viewtalkedit :
Virapandy Road railway station (station code: VRPD) is an NSG–6 category Indian railway station in Salem railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is located in Salem Junction to Erode Junction line double electrified track;
# Violence and Activism at the Border

Violence and Activism at the Border is a book by University of Texas professor Kathleen Staudt, in which the author discusses violence against women in the border city Ciudad Juarez in Mexico.
The book was generally well-received within academic and border-activist circles, with one review commending the interdisciplinary and intersectional framework that Staudt took in her analysis.

## Content

In the introduction of the book, Staudt states that the book “contains conceptual, empirical and strategic analyses of interest to multiple audiences concerned with violence, borders, activism, and women and gender.”
She does this by composing a review on existing knowledge of violence to women in Ciudad Juarez, showing data surveys from the survivors of violence in the city, looking at who exactly are the victims, how they reacted, their reasoning to how the violence happened and how much do they fear for their safety in their home.
Chapter Four is more concerned to how activism from local and transnational feminist organizations spread awareness to the violent situation in the border city with its biggest protest in 2004 bringing in approximately 5,000 to 8,000 people to protest against femicide (the murders of women being unsolved and ignored by local law enforcement). This was the peak of the movement but it did bring necessary change as law enforcement in Ciudad Juarez did step up to the concerns of the community and the activists of human rights groups.
Chapter Five is where Staudt looks at the changes and provides an analysis if it is just weak attempts to try and calm activists and community members of their concerns. There has been better enforcement than before but the situation is still very much a depressing one for the safety of women in Ciudad Juarez.
One conclusion that Staudt makes in her book is how neoliberal economic policy has created an environment beside the United States where there are large maquiladoras that provide massive employment but with only 25-50 dollars a week being paid to these workers, putting many in the city into poverty. Violence is more likely in poverty since there is lack of control and added stress of being in poverty. This is why there's greater numbers of violence below the poverty line. Add that with the law enforcement in Ciudad Juarez not being concerned about the well-being of women in the city, having a culture of violence to women being the norm.
With activism having put more pressure towards the government, Staudt shows the changes the government has made could be much better but many Mexican politicians and bureaucrats have been timid in making too much changes in fear of angering the male population in, making the changes for women's safety in Mexico to be slow but steady.
# Roxanne Avent

Roxanne Avent (born 21 June 1976) is an American film producer and movie studio executive.

## Career

Avent has produced several films, including Meet the Blacks, starring Mike Epps, George Lopez, Mike Tyson, Snoop Dogg, Bresha Webb and Zulay Henad. She is the co-founder of Hidden Empire Film Group (HEFG) alongside her partner Deon Taylor. The company supplies commercial projects for studios and major independents worldwide. She is the producer of the award-winning film Supremacy starring Danny Glover, Derek Luke, Evan Ross and Lela Rochon. She is also the producer of Chain Letter, The Hustle and Dead Tone.
Before running HEFG, Avent worked for the Directors Guild of America. She also served as a label manager for Taylor Made Muzik, the largest independent record label in North California.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
| 2007 | Dead Tone | Co-executive producer | |
| 2008 | The Hustle | Co-executive producer, Production manager | |
| 2008 | Nite Tales: The Movie | Co-executive producer, Production manager | |
| 2009 | Up All Nite | Producer | TV series 6 episodes |
| 2009 | Chain Letter | Executive producer, Production manager | |
| 2009–2011 | Nite Tales: The Series | Unit production manager | TV series 3 episodes |
| 2011 | Night Tales | Producer | TV movie |
| 2014 | Supremacy | Producer, Unit production manager | |
| 2016 | Meet the Blacks | Producer, Unit production manager | |
| 2018 | Traffik | Producer | |
| 2019 | The Intruder | Producer | |
| 2019 | Black and Blue | Producer | |
| 2020 | Fatale | Producer | |
| 2021 | The House Next Door: Meet the Blacks 2 | Producer | |
# Viscount Harberton

Viscount Harberton, of Carbery in the County of Kildare is a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created on 5 July 1791 for Arthur Pomeroy, 1st Baron Harberton, who had previously represented County Kildare in the Irish House of Commons. He had already been created Baron Harberton, of Carbery in the County of Kildare, on 10 October 1783, also in the Peerage of Ireland. As of 2023 the titles are held by his descendant, the eleventh Viscount, who succeeded his uncle in 2004.

## Viscounts Harberton (1791)

* Arthur Pomeroy, 1st Viscount Harberton (1723–1798)
* Henry Pomeroy, 2nd Viscount Harberton (1749–1829)
* Arthur James Pomeroy, 3rd Viscount Harberton (1753–1832)
* John Pomeroy, 4th Viscount Harberton (1758–1833)
* John James Pomeroy, 5th Viscount Harberton (1790–1862)
* James Spencer Pomeroy, 6th Viscount Harberton (1836–1912), married Florence Wallace Pomeroy
* Ernest Arthur George Pomeroy, 7th Viscount Harberton (1867–1944), married Fairlie Harmar
* Ralphe Legge Pomeroy, 8th Viscount Harberton (1874–1956)
* Henry Ralph Martyn Pomeroy, 9th Viscount Harberton (1908–1980)
* Thomas de Vautort Pomeroy, 10th Viscount Harberton (1910–2004)
* Henry Robert Pomeroy, 11th Viscount Harberton (b. 1958)
The heir apparent is the present holder's son, Hon. Patrick Christopher Pomeroy (b. 1995)
# Viscount Harcourt

Viscount Harcourt, of Stanton Harcourt in the County of Oxford, was a title created twice for members of the Harcourt family, once in the Peerage of Great Britain and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
It was first created in the Peerage of Great Britain for Lord Chancellor Simon Harcourt, who was created Baron Harcourt in 1711, Viscount Harcourt in 1721, and Earl Harcourt and Viscount Nuneham in 1749. For more information on these titles, which all became extinct in 1830, see Earl Harcourt.
The viscountcy was revived in 1917 in favour of Lewis Vernon Harcourt, also created Baron Nuneham, of Nuneham Courtenay in the County of Oxford, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Harcourt was the son of Sir William Vernon Harcourt, son of William Vernon Harcourt, son of the Honourable and Right Reverend Edward Venables-Vernon-Harcourt, son of George Venables-Vernon, 1st Baron Vernon, by his third wife, Martha Harcourt, daughter of Simon Harcourt, son of Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt.
After the death of the first viscount in 1922, the second viscount succeeded his father while still a student at Eton College. He married twice but left no sons; the title became extinct upon his own death in 1979.

## Viscount Harcourt, first creation (1721)

* See Earl Harcourt

## Viscount Harcourt, second creation (1917)

* Lewis Vernon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt (1863–1922)
* William Edward Harcourt, 2nd Viscount Harcourt (1908–1979)
# Celina angustata

Celina angustata is a species of predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae. It is found in North America and South America.
# Alexander Shepherd

Alexander Shepherd may refer to:
* Alex Shepherd (Alexander James Shepherd, born 1946), Canadian Member of Parliament
* Alexander Shepherd (public servant) (c. 1797/98–1859), 2nd Colonial Treasurer of New Zealand
* Alexander Robey Shepherd (1835–1902), Governor of the District of Columbia
# Rozema

Rozema is a Dutch and West Frisian surname.

## Notable people with the surname

* Dave Rozema (born 1956), American former Major League Baseball pitcher
* Irene Rozema, West German sprint canoer
* Mischa Rozema (born 1971), Dutch film and commercials director
* Patricia Rozema (born 1958), Canadian film director, writer and producer
* Sander Rozema (born 1987), Dutch former professional footballer
# Vincenzo Civitali

Vincenzo Civitali (1523 - 1597) was an Italian Renaissance sculptor, jeweler, and architect, active in his native Lucca.

## Biography

He was the son of the sculptor and architect Nicolao, and the grandson of the sculptor Matteo. Vincenzo is said to have been sent to Rome to study there.
In Lucca, among the projects attributed to Vincenzo are the Funeral Monument to Guidiccioni in the church of San Francesco and being the sole builder of the Walls of Lucca. The Palazzo Guidiccioni of the same family is also attributed to him. He rebuilt the chapel of the Holiest Sacrament in the Lucca Cathedral.
He was dismissed from a role in building military fortifications by a disagreement with Francesco Paciotto in 1579. He moved to work with Alfonso II d'Este in Ferrara and was asked to design a fort in Monte Alfonso in Garfagnana. He resigned that post and moved in 1588 to help design the fortified walls of Lucca.
# Violin Sonata No. 2 (Ravel)

Maurice Ravel's Violin and Piano Sonata No. 2 for violin and piano was composed from 1923 to 1927; it was inspired by forms of American music such as jazz and blues.
This work was the only violin and piano sonata published during Ravel's lifetime; the existence of the Violin Sonata No. 1 (Ravel) only came to be known long after Ravel's death. For that reason this sonata was, and still often is called Ravel's "Violin and Piano Sonata" without numbering.

## Inspiration

When the composer was living in Montfort-l'Amaury, France, he accompanied Hélène Jourdan-Morhange, and they shared a love for jazz. The classic blues band of W. C. Handy exhibited the style of St. Louis blues in Paris from 1923 to 1927. Ravel was inspired by the style of music and dance, and jazz elements can also be found in the Piano Concerto for the Left Hand and other works.

## Movements

The violin and piano sonata consists of three movements:
* Allegretto (G major)
* Blues. Moderato (A♭ major)
* Perpetuum mobile. Allegro (G major)
# Competition, Missouri

Competition is an unincorporated community in southern Laclede County, Missouri, United States. It is located approximately seventeen miles southeast of Lebanon. It is on Missouri Route Z about one-half mile north of the Laclede-Wright county line. Lynchburg is approximately seven miles to the east. The Gasconade River flows past one mile to the east.
Competition was originally called "Newburg", and under the latter name, settlement was made in the 1840s. A post office under the town name of Competition was established in 1858, and remained in operation until 1967. A naming competition accounts for the present name.
# Competine Township, Wapello County, Iowa

Competine Township is a township in Wapello County, Iowa, United States.

## History

Competine Township was organized in 1844.
# Aspenzinsos

Aspenzinsos was a town of ancient Cappadocia, inhabited in Byzantine times.
Its site is located near Karanlıkdere, Asiatic Turkey.
# Aspera

Aspera may refer to:

## Music

* Aspera (band), an American indie rock band
* (a)spera, a 2009 album by Mirah
* Above Symmetry, a Norwegian progressive metal band originally known as Aspera
* "Aspera", the lead track from We Will Become Like Birds by Erin McKeown

## Science

* Aspera European Astroparticle network, a physics organization

## Technology

* Aspera (company) a file transfer software company
* Analyzer of Space Plasmas and Energetic Atoms, an instrument package on the Mars Express and Venus Express spacecraft
* Automatic Space Plasma Experiment with Rotating Analyzer, an instrument on board the Phobos 2 spacecraft

## Biology and Anatomy

* Ulmus 'Aspera', a kind of elm tree
* Aspera, a nomen superfluum for the Rubiaceae genus Galium
* Aspera (coral), a genus of coral
* H. aspera (disambiguation), several species of plants
* Linea aspera, a bone structure in human anatomy

## Other

* Per aspera ad astra, a Latin phrase
# CompeteFor

CompeteFor is a website set up by the Regional Development Agencies of the United Kingdom to facilitate the awarding of public contracts to business. The CompeteFor service was launched on January 17, 2008.
The service is available to all businesses, but the emphasis is on the support of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
# American Fork Cemetery Rock Wall

The American Fork Cemetery Rock Wall on North 100 East in American Fork, Utah, United States, was built in 1937 and 1938. It was a work of the Works Progress Administration. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.
The south wall is 923 feet long and the east wall is 817 feet long, ignoring breaks for entrances.
# Buccinanops monilifer

Buccinanops monilifer, common name the collared buccinum, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Nassariidae, the Nassa mud snails or dog whelks.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 28 mm and 51 mm.
The smooth shell is ovate, oblong and fusiform. It is, whitish, slightly diaphanous, surrounded by two brown bands, interrupted by very prominent chestnut-colored spots upon the lowest whorl of the spire. A band of the same color, but less distinct, exists upon the other whorls. The spire is composed of seven or eight slightly angular whorls, the two or three lowest, crowned with a row of elongated, solid, pointed tubercles, pretty near to each other. The tubercles of the upper whorls are less apparent. The ovate aperture is yellowish. The base is pretty strongly emarginated. The thin outer lip is arched, marked internally by two transverse brown bands, which are very apparent externally.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs from Central Brazil to Argentina
# Barkly East Commando

Barkly East Commando was a light infantry regiment of the South African Army. It formed part of the South African Army Infantry Formation as well as the South African Territorial Reserve.

## History
### Operations
#### With the SADF

During this era, the unit was mainly used for area force protection, search and cordons as well as stock theft control assistance to the rural police.

#### With the SANDF
##### Disbandment

This unit, along with all other Commando units was disbanded after a decision by South African President Thabo Mbeki to disband all Commando Units. The Commando system was phased out between 2003 and 2008 "because of the role it played in the apartheid era", according to the Minister of Safety and Security Charles Nqakula.

## Leadership

Leadership :
| From | Honorary Colonels | To |
| From | Commanding Officer | To |
| From | Regimental Sergeant Major | To |
# Fluorone

Fluorone is a heterocyclic chemical compound. It forms the core structure for various chemicals, most notably fluorone dyes, including fluorescein, erythrosine and rhodamine. It is an isomer of xanthone, sometimes referred to as an isoxanthone.
# Fluoromethamphetamine

Fluoromethamphetamine may refer to:
* 2-Fluoromethamphetamine (2-FMA)
* 3-Fluoromethamphetamine (3-FMA)
* 4-Fluoromethamphetamine (4-FMA)
# Pagodatrochus variabilis

Pagodatrochus variabilis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 3 mm and 7 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Red Sea and in the western Indian Ocean.
# Floating City

Floating City (Chinese: 浮城; Jyutping: fau4 seng4) is a 2012 Chinese-Hong Kong drama film directed by Yim Ho.

## Premise

The story of a self-made man in a rapidly changing Hong Kong at the end of British Colonial rule.

## Reception

Exclaim! writer Robert Bell said "...the subject matter of Floating City doesn't come as a surprise, mirroring the life of a self-made man with the rapid change of Hong Kong from small fishing village to booming metropolis over latter half of the 20th Century. But what does surprise is just how amateurish and sloppy it all is, which is of substantial concern with such an epic and ambitious project."
DVD Talk reviewer Thomas Spurlin said "As a whole, the impression I took away from Floating City is that of an overwrought and disjointed meditation on the value of life and the injustice of misfortune, a melodrama that confuses its soapbox-worthy communication of social issues and generational shifts in China for an enriching tale of cohabiting with them."
PopMatters journalist J.C. Maçek III wrote "First and foremost, Floating City is an incredibly beautiful movie. Director Yim Ho uses his camera lens to drink in the scenery of Hong Kong over a decades-long story that is as beautiful as the scenery itself."
# Bar dice

Bar dice is a drinking game played with five dice and a cup. Generally played in a bar, tavern or pub, the game is often used to determine which of the participants will pay for the next round of drinks.

## Game mechanics

Bar dice is played with five six-sided dice, with each player attempting to assemble the highest hand possible from each "flop" or toss of the dice. Each round of the game will result with one player who has the highest hand; that player is "out" and can neither continue playing nor is responsible for the purchase of the next round of drinks.
Scoring is based on amassing the largest number of dice with the same digits. Each hand must include at least a single "Ace", or one, in order to be a valid hand; Aces act as "wilds", and can be paired with any other digit. The strength of a player's hand depends first on the number of digits and then value of those digits. As an example, a hand with four 3's is better than a hand with three 5's, but not better than a hand with five 2's.
Rules vary from place to place. In Wisconsin, when the game has only two players remaining each player is allowed three shakes of the dice, attempting to get the highest score.