OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Raghu Venugopal

Raghu Venugopal is a Toronto-based emergency physician and professor who led a one-man anti-vaccine counter protest in 2021, triggering a change in legislation.

## Education

Venugopal completed his medical residency training at McGill University before completing an international emergency medicine fellowship at Johns Hopkins University.
He has a Masters of Public Health from Harvard University.

## Career

Venugopal has worked for Médecins Sans Frontières in Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. He has served on the board of directors of Médecins Sans Frontières Canada.
He works at Toronto General Hospital, and is an assistant professor of medicine at the University of Toronto.
In 2016, he spoke of the benefits of telemedicine in a Médecins Sans Frontières run hospital in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
In 2019, he spoke out against the Ontario Provincial Government's cuts to the public health budget.
In August 2021, he spoke out against the nursing shortage in Ontario.
In September 2021, Venugopal counter protested an anti-vaccination protest outside the Toronto General Hospital. He called the protests "un-Canadian" and "unacceptable". The same day, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced he would criminalize blocking access to hospitals; and an amendment to the Criminal Code of Canada was approved on the 17 December 2021.
# Trades Union Congress (disambiguation)

Trades Union Congress or Trade Union Congress can refer to:
* Aden Trade Union Congress
* Guyana Trades Union Congress
* Intercolonial Trades Union Congress in Australia
* Irish Trades Union Congress
* Malaysian Trades Union Congress
* National Trades Union Congress in Singapore
* Scottish Trades Union Congress
* Trade Union Congress of Nigeria, TUCN, a trade union federation established in 1942
* Nigeria Trade Union Congress, NTUC, a breakaway of TUCN in 1960 that later merged to form the Nigeria Labour Congress
* Trade Union Congress of Nigeria, TUC, a trade union federation established in 2005
* Trades Union Congress in the United Kingdom
* Trade Union Congress of Eswatini
* Trades Union Congress of Ghana
* Trade Union Congress of Namibia
* Trade Union Congress of Tanzania
* Trade Union Congress of the Philippines
# Treaty of Brno (1478)

The Treaty of Brno was a draft to the Peace of Olomouc developed in March 1478 in Brno by the envoys of Matthias Corvinus of Hungary and King Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary in an effort to end the Bohemian–Hungarian War (1468–1478). Corvinus accepted the accord and slightly modified it on 20 September 1478, which determined the division of Bohemian territories. Based on the terms of the treaty, Vladislaus would cede the territories of Moravia, Silesia, and Lusatia to Corvinus. If Matthias perished, then Vladislaus was permitted to redeem these lands for 400,000 florins. Moreover, both monarchs would be permitted to utilize the title King of Bohemia. However, only Matthias was required to address the other claimant as the King of Bohemia.
# Yacuanquer

Yacuanquer is a town and municipality in the Nariño Department, Colombia.

## Climate

Climate data for Yacuanquer/Tangua (Sindagua), elevation 2,800 m (9,200 ft), (1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 17.2 (63.0) | 17.4 (63.3) | 17.4 (63.3) | 17.6 (63.7) | 17.5 (63.5) | 17.4 (63.3) | 17.3 (63.1) | 17.7 (63.9) | 18.3 (64.9) | 18.0 (64.4) | 17.0 (62.6) | 16.9 (62.4) | 17.5 (63.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 13.1 (55.6) | 13.2 (55.8) | 13.2 (55.8) | 13.3 (55.9) | 13.3 (55.9) | 13.1 (55.6) | 12.9 (55.2) | 13.1 (55.6) | 13.3 (55.9) | 13.3 (55.9) | 12.9 (55.2) | 13.0 (55.4) | 13.1 (55.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 9.2 (48.6) | 9.4 (48.9) | 9.7 (49.5) | 9.7 (49.5) | 9.7 (49.5) | 9.3 (48.7) | 8.8 (47.8) | 8.7 (47.7) | 8.9 (48.0) | 9.2 (48.6) | 9.5 (49.1) | 9.6 (49.3) | 9.3 (48.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 91.3 (3.59) | 83.5 (3.29) | 91.0 (3.58) | 113.7 (4.48) | 94.1 (3.70) | 50.9 (2.00) | 29.4 (1.16) | 22.5 (0.89) | 50.8 (2.00) | 111.6 (4.39) | 137.8 (5.43) | 112.4 (4.43) | 989.0 (38.94) |
| Average precipitation days | 20 | 18 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 19 | 15 | 12 | 15 | 19 | 24 | 23 | 235 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 79 | 77 | 75 | 75 | 78 | 82 | 81 | 79 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 120.9 | 101.6 | 96.1 | 99.0 | 114.7 | 123.0 | 158.1 | 158.1 | 135.0 | 127.1 | 114.0 | 117.8 | 1,465.4 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 4.0 |
| Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales ||||||||||||||
# Choristoneura retiniana

Choristoneura retiniana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the United States, where it has been recorded from California and Nevada.
The wingspan is 20–25 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from June to September.
The larvae feed on Abies concolor, Abies magnifica, Abies grandis and Pseudotsuga menziesii.
# 2011 Rose of Tralee

The 2011 Rose of Tralee was the 52nd edition of the annual Irish international festival, held on 22–23 August 2011 at the Festival Dome, in Tralee, County Kerry. Hosted by Dáithí Ó Sé for a second time, 32 contestants participated in the 2011 pageant. The festival was won by Tara Talbot, who represented Queensland. Talbot was hot favourite going into the festival. The background music for the event was composed by the Garda Síochána Orchestra.

## List of Roses

| Regional Title | Contestant | Age |
| Big Apple | Caitlin McNeill | 22 |
| Boston & New England | Moira Sullivan | 24 |
| Chicago | Siobhan Carroll | 26 |
| Cork | Kathryn Brennan | 25 |
| Derby | Niamh McTague | 22 |
| Londonderry | Catherine Feeney | 27 |
| Donegal | Maria McCole | 23 |
| Down | Nicole Curran | 22 |
| Dubai | Gráinne Boyle | 24 |
| Dublin | Siobhéal Nic Eochaidh | 22 |
| Edmonton | Tara Keigher | 23 |
| Germany | Saoirse Fitzgerald | 25 |
| Kerry | Síle Ní Dheargain | 26 |
| Laois | Sinead Fennell | 21 |
| London | Caroline Marley | 25 |
| New York | Erin Loughran | 22 |
| New Zealand | Ailbhe Ryan | 26 |
| Ottawa | Katherine Scott | 22 |
| Perth | Melanie Gore | 25 |
| Philadelphia | Beth Keeley | 25 |
| Queensland | Tara Talbot | 27 |
| Roscommon | Róisín Guihen | 19 |
| San Francisco | Sheila Ashtiani | 20 |
| South Australia | Susan Gellard | 27 |
| Southern California | Molly O'Keefe | 27 |
| Sunderland | Niamh O'Connell | 20 |
| Sydney | Caroline Harney | 27 |
| Texas | Danielle Ybarra | 25 |
| Tipperary | Nóirín Ryan | 24 |
| Toronto | Aileen Doyle | 25 |
| Washington, D.C. | Dorothy Henggeler | 25 |
| Wexford | Mary Kehoe | 26 |

## Broadcasting

The 2011 Rose of Tralee was broadcast live on RTÉ One and attracted an audience share of 54.3 per cent, the highest in four years.

## Trivia

Perez Hilton posted a video clip online of Siobhéal Nic Eochaidh's on-stage grooving gangsta style to "LMFAO - Party Rock Anthem" in a black floor length gown. He commented: "What the hell is this?? We have no idea, but it's totally making our day!"
# Aspera (company)

Aspera is a data transport and streaming technology company that provides high-speed data transfer services. Aspera belongs to the hybrid cloud business unit of IBM.

## History

Aspera was founded in 2004 by Michelle Munson and Serban Simu. Munson and Simu patented and Aspera developed FASP, a high-speed data transfer protocol, and software products based on FASP. IBM acquired Aspera in January 2014.
Aspera won a 2013 Primetime Engineering Emmy Award for Outstanding Achievement in Engineering Development and a 2014 Technology and Engineering Emmy Award for Secure Accelerated File Movement over IP including the Internet. The company received a Hollywood Professional Association (HPA) Engineering Excellence Award for its Telestream Vantage with Lightspeed Live Capture product in 2018.

## Patents

Aspera has been granted the following patents:
* 2005: Bulk data transfer technology.
* 2007: Methods and systems for aggregate bandwidth control.
* 2009: Practical models for high speed file delivery services, supporting guaranteed delivery times and differentiated service levels.
* 2010: Methods and systems for input and output driven rate adaptation.
* 2012: Multicast bulk transfer systems.
* 2015: Bulk data transfer and measuring the roundtrip time of requests and transmissions.
# Puñay

Cerro Puñay is a volcanic cone in the Chunchi Canton of Ecuador.

## Possible structure

Since 2002 it has become a tourist attraction, based on the claim that at the top there is an ancient structure, referred to variously as a temple and a pyramid, possibly shaped like a Macaw.
An alleged Quechua myth about a lost pyramid containing golden artifacts located somewhere in the Ecuadorian highlands supposedly lured both archeologists and grave robbers to the area in search of Puñay. In 2002 Christian Aguirre, a student in the School of Ecotourism in the University Politecnica de Chimborazo said that it had the formation of a giant Macaw, a bird sacred to all Andean Cultures.
In an interview Christian said with regards to the many holes in the pyramid "These holes were made about 50 to 70 years ago by gringos. Nobody knows what they took but many people here say there used to be a lot of gold"
In 2003, Eudoro Flores, the former mayor of the nearby city of Chunchi, was noted as saying "If you want gold, go to Puñay" but added he was impelled to promote the place for tourism to help its conservation, and prevent grave robbers from further desecrating the site.

## Declaration of "Spiritual Patrimony of the Peoples and Nations of Humanity"

On The 21st of June 2007 an "Ancestral meeting for the arrival of new times" was held on Puñay to celebrate Inti Raymi which marks the winter solstice. The Minister for Tourism in Ecuador at the time, María Isabel Salvador, along with the main authorities of Chimborazo province and indigenous leaders from the Sierra Centro described the event as a "symbolic act of enormous importance to the Andean people".
With the event started the process of declaring Puñay as the "Spiritual Patrimony of the Peoples and Nations of Humanity" The declaration also strengthened the tourism and cultural potential of the sacred site to help its future conservation and protect it from further desecration.
# Blodveien

Blodveien may refer to:
* Blodveien (film) (The Blood Road), a Norwegian-Yugoslav film from 1955
* Blood Road (Norwegian: Blodveien), a route in Nordland county, Norway
# Bloed, Sweet & Trane

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Music Review | 90% |
| Rolling Stone | |
Bloed, Sweet & Trane is Van Coke Kartel's fifth studio album. It was released in October 2013, and produced by Springbok Nude Girls' guitarist Theo Crous.
# Weisman-Hirsch House

The Weisman-Hirsch House is a historic home located in Marshall, Texas.

## History

It is a two-and-a-half story frame structure home built with Queen Anne and Colonial Revival elements. The house was built in 1900 for Joe Weisman, a leader in the city's Jewish community. The house was recognized with a Texas Historical Marker in 1979 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
# George Sanderson

George Sanderson may refer to:
* George P. Sanderson (1848–1892), big game hunter in India
* George Henry Sanderson (1824–1893), mayor of San Francisco
* George Sanderson (politician) (1810–1886), mayor of Lancaster, Pennsylvania
* George Pringle Sanderson (1850–1940), Canadian politician from Alberta
* George G. Sanderson (1840–1919), insurance broker, shipowner and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada
* George K. Sanderson (1844–1893), U.S. Army officer
* George Plaisted Sanderson (1836–1915), mayor of Lynn, Massachusetts
* George A. Sanderson, secretary of the United States Senate
* George Sanderson, a character in the film Monsters, Inc.
# Caudofemoralis

The caudofemoralis (from the Latin cauda, tail and femur, thighbone) is a muscle found in the pelvic limb of mostly all animals possessing a tail. It is thus found in nearly all tetrapods.

## Location

The caudofemoralis spans plesiomorphically between femur (thigh) and tail; in mammals it is reduced and found directly posterior/caudal to the gluteus maximus and directly anterior/cranial to the biceps femoris.

## Origin and insertion

   The caudofemoralis originates from the transverse processes of the second, third and fourth caudal vertebrae. The caudodistal portion of the muscle in mammals lies deep to the proximocranial portion of the Biceps femoris; near the middle of the thigh, the caudofemoralis gives rise to a long, thin, and narrow tendon that passes distally to the knee joint and inserts into the fascia lata that is anchored to the lateral border of the patella.
Among archosaurians, the caudofemoralis is divided in a pars pelvica/brevis (characterized by a pelvic origin) and a pars caudalis/longa (caudal origin), and the insertion on the femur is marked by the fourth trochanter (but this becomes reduced in maniraptorans and absent in birds).

## Action

In mammals the caudofemoralis acts to flex the tail laterally to its corresponding side when the pelvic limb is bearing weight. When the pelvic limb is lifted off the ground, contraction of the caudofemoralis causes the limb to abduct and the shank to extend by extending the hip joint (acetabulofemoral or coxofemoral joint). In other tetrapods contraction of the caudofemoralis retracts the hindlimb.

## Cited References

* 1 2 Rosenzweig, Lionel J. (1990). Anatomy of the Cat: Text and Dissection Guide. Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Brown Publishers. p. 110. ISBN 0697055795. OCLC 21078189. OL 2066111M.
* This muscle article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# 3 Balloons

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
3 Balloons is an album by comedian/musician Stephen Lynch. According to his official website, it was first studio album since 2000's A Little Bit Special. As of 5 March 2009, it is available for purchase in MP3 format directly from WhatAreRecords.com. It was made available from other on-line stores starting the following week of March 2009. CDs were made available for sale at shows and on-line shortly after that, and it was released in stores starting 24 March.
On his official site, Lynch says:
   "My last two albums were recorded live in concert, just guitar and voice, and I wanted to do something different this time. Whenever I write or perform a new song, in my head I hear pianos and drums and tubas and string sections and jug bands and children's choirs. I want you to hear those things too. Except we couldn't find a children's choir whose parents would let them sing about drug mules and transsexual prostitutes. Maybe next time."
Most professional news sources did not review the album, with the notable exception of Allmusic's positive review, stating: "Love him or hate him — and that really does seem all there is to choose from — 3 Balloons finds novelty songster Stephen Lynch on a roll, keeping the quality high even when the formula is the same it has been for the past decade."
The album cover is a visual parody of the artwork design for the T. Rex album Electric Warrior.

## Track list

All tracks are written by Stephen Lynch

## Personnel

* Stephen Lynch – acoustic guitar, vocals
* Dean Sharenow – drums
* Ivan Bodley – bass
* Rich Campbell – piano
* Erik Della Penna – electric guitar, cigar box guitars
* Jonathan Dinklage – violin, viola, string arrangements
* Dave Eggar – cello
* Rod Cone and David Josefsberg – additional vocals
# Choristoneura thyrsifera

Choristoneura thyrsifera is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Yunnan, China.
# Philip Brodie

Philip Brodie may refer to:
* Philip Brodie, Lord Brodie (born 1950), Scottish lawyer and judge
* Philip Brodie (actor) (born 1975), British actor and writer
# Words and Phrases Legally Defined

Words and Phrases Legally Defined is a law dictionary. It contains statutory and judicial definitions of words and phrases. It is one of the two "major" dictionaries of its type (the other being Stroud's). Both dictionaries have entries not contained in the other. This dictionary is "useful".

## Editions and supplements

The first edition was edited by Sir Roland Burrows and was published under the title Words and Phrases Judicially Defined in five volumes from 1943 to 1945.
The second edition was edited by John B. Saunders and published by Butterworths in five volumes from 1969 to 1970.
The third edition was published in four volumes from 1988 to 1990.
The fourth and fifth editions were edited by David Hay. The fourth edition was published in four volumes in 2007. The fifth edition was published in 2018.
There are annual supplements.

## Interpretation of Documents

Interpretation of Documents is a book by Sir Roland Burrows. The first edition was published in 1944 and is a reprint of the introduction to volume 1 of Words and Phrases Judicially Defined. The second edition was published in 1946. The Law Times said that the differences between the two editions are not substantial.
# 3 Bats Live

3 Bats Live is a music DVD by rock singer Meat Loaf. Recorded on March 18, 2007 at London, Ontario during his "Seize the Night" tour, it mainly features songs from the Bat Out of Hell trilogy. The DVD was released in the UK on October 15, 2007, and in the UK on November 20, 2007.

## Track listing

All songs by Jim Steinman, unless otherwise noted.
* "All Revved Up with No Place to Go" (very short version)
* "Paradise by the Dashboard Light"
* "You Took the Words Right Out of My Mouth"
* "Out of the Frying Pan (And Into the Fire)"
* "Life Is a Lemon and I Want My Money Back"
* "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)"
* "Objects in the Rear View Mirror May Appear Closer than They Are"
* "Rock and Roll Dreams Come Through"
* "Seize the Night" (very short version)
* "The Monster Is Loose" (John 5/Desmond Child/Nikki Sixx)
* "Bad for Good"
* "If It Ain't Broke, Break It"
* "Blind as a Bat" (Child/James Michael)
* "Two Out of Three Ain't Bad"
* "Bat Out of Hell"
* "Black Betty" (Traditional)
* "It's All Coming Back to Me Now"
* "Mercury Blues"
* "Gimme Shelter" (Jagger/Richards)

## Extra features

Extra features include the videos for "It's All Coming Back to Me Now" and "Cry Over Me", both directed by P. R. Brown. It also contains the "Monster Is Loose Animated Short Film" and "Making the Monster: Making of Bat Out of Hell III", that were included on the CD+DVD UK edition of the Bat III album. A second disc contains a ninety-minute retrospective documentary called Meat Loaf: In Search of Paradise, about preparations for the tour and its first leg.

## Other editions

A Limited Collectors "deluxe edition" box was also released, which includes a replica tour programme, tour poster, bat shaped sticker and guitar pick.
A Blu-ray edition was released in the United Kingdom on November 11, 2008 by Mercury UK and is also available as an import in the United States. No official US Blu-ray release has been set at this time by Hip-O or Mercury.

## Personnel

* Meat Loaf – lead vocals
* Kasim Sulton – bass, Vocals
* John Miceli – drums
* Mark Alexander – keyboards, vocals
* Paul Crook – guitars
* Randy Flowers – guitars, vocals
* Dave Luther – Saxophone, keyboards, vocals
* Marion Raven – guest vocals
* Aspen Miller – vocals
* "C.C." Coletti-Jablonski – vocals

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 25,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. |||
# Mary A. Williams

The Mary A. Williams was a 19th-century Sandy Hook pilot boat, built in 1861 by the shipbuilder Edward F. Williams in Greenpoint, Brooklyn, for a group of New York pilots. She was named Mary Ann Williams after the wife of the builder. The boat was considered one of the finest connected with the pilot service. She survived the Great Blizzard of 1888. In the age of steam, the Mary A. Williams was sold in 1896.

## Construction and service

New York pilot boat Mary A. Williams was built in 1861 for the New York and Sandy Hook pilots. She was launched on January 28, 1861, from the Edward F. Williams shipyard, at Greenpoint, Brooklyn. She was 77 feet in length, 19 feet 6 inches in beam, 7 feet and 9 inches in hold (depth), measuring 57.64 tons or (106 tons register). She was named Mary Ann Williams after the wife of the builder, Edward F. Williams. The launch was witnessed by a large number of friends and pilots. The boat was considered one of the finest connected with the pilot service.
The Mary A. Williams was registered with the Record of American and Foreign Shipping from 1876 to 1900, as a Pilot Schooner, with the New York Pilots as owners and Pilots H. Burnett and John Wolff as the Masters. She was 77 in length, 18.5 in breadth of beam, 7.9 in depth of hold, 55-tons and built in 1861.
The Mary A. Williams, No. 19 was one of only twenty-one New York pilot boats existing 1860.
On May 30, 1876, fifteen miles from the Sandy Hook lightship, the Mary A. Williams picked up John S. Graham, who was on the bark Eliza McLaughlin. Graham was driven to jump overboard from the vessel to escape bad treatment from the captain and mate. John Wolff, the pilot-boat captain, took a yawl to reach Graham and carried him on board the Williams.$^{:p330}$
In the March Great Blizzard of 1888, the Mary A. Williams was one of 17 vessels out on pilot duty at the time of the storm. She survived the storm with no incident.
In May 1890, Pilot boats Mary A. Williams, William H. Bateman and Edmund Blunt raced and competed for honors to reach several ocean liners coming into port off Sandy Hook. The North German Lloyd steamship, Rhein, was in reach. The racing pilot boats raced to her side. The Bateman won the race by less than a dozen yards.$^{:p65}$
The New York pilot boat Mary A. Williams, No. 19 was rebuilt in October 1890 from the keel up at the C. & R. Poillon shipyard. The changes made were said to equal if not excel any boat in the New York pilot-boat fleet.

## End of service

On 1 February 1896, the New York Pilots discarded sixteen sailboats and moved them to the Erie Basin in Brooklyn. They were replaced with steam pilot boats. The Mary A. Williams was sold for $5,500.
# Ben Shedd

Ben Shedd is an American director, producer, and writer of film and video. He shared the 1978 Academy Award for Best Documentary Short Film.

## Education

He earned a BA from San Francisco State University in 1968 and an MA from the University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts in 1973.

## Career

As a member of the original production team, he worked on the PBS science series Nova. He worked on the first program in 1972 and acted as a director, producer, and writer during Nova’s second and third seasons in 1973-1976.
Since 1985, he has directed and produced giant screen IMAX-type science films, including Seasons and Tropical Rainforest. Ben Shedd has described large-format film and fulldome video as “exploding the frame,” where the frame to which he refers relates to experiences typified by “framed” cinematic art.

## Recognition

Ben Shedd shared a Peabody Award for the second season of Nova.
Shedd and Jacqueline Phillips Shedd, producers of The Flight of the Gossamer Condor film, received the 1978 Academy Award for Documentary Short Subject. The film tells the story of history's first successful human powered airplane—designed by inventor Paul MacCready and his team from AeroVironment, flown by pilot Bryan Allen.
# George C. Chesbro

George C. Chesbro (June 4, 1940 – November 18, 2008) was an American author of detective fiction. His most notable works feature '"Dr. Robert "Mongo the Magnificent" Fredrickson"'. He also wrote the novelisation of the movie The Golden Child starring Eddie Murphy.
Chesbro was born in Washington, D.C. He worked as a special education teacher at Pearl River and later at Rockland Psychiatric Center, where he worked with troubled teens. Chesbro was married and had a son, a daughter and two stepdaughters.