OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Athletics at the 2015 Parapan American Games – Men's 400 metres T11

The men's T11 400 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2015 Parapan American Games was held between August 10 and 11 at the CIBC Athletics Stadium. The defending Parapan American Games champion was Daniel Silva of Brazil.

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing records were as follows:
| World record | Daniel Silva (BRA) | 49.82 | Guadalajara, Mexico | November 18, 2011 |
| Americas Record | Daniel Silva (BRA) | 49.82 | Guadalajara, Mexico | November 18, 2011 |
| Parapan American Games | Daniel Silva (BRA) | 49.82 | Guadalajara, Mexico | November 18, 2011 |

## Schedule

All times are Central Standard Time (UTC-6).
| Date | Time | Round |
| 10 August | 18:15 | Semifinal 1 |
| 10 August | 18:21 | Semifinal 2 |
| 11 August | 19:50 | Final |

## Results

All times are shown in seconds.
| KEY: | q | Fastest non-qualifiers | Q | Qualified | PR | Parapan American Games record | NR | National record | PB | Personal best | SB | Seasonal best | DSQ | Disqualified | FS | False start | DNF | Did not finish |

### Semifinals

The fastest from each heat and next two overall fastest qualified for the final.

#### Semifinal 1

| Rank | Name | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Daniel Mendes da Silva (Guide: Heitor de Oliveira Sales) | Brazil | 54.10 | Q |
| 2 | Dustin Walsh (Guide: Dylan Williamson) | Canada | 54.10 | q |
| 3 | Alberton Cretton Salas (Guide: Ignacio Pignataro) | Argentina | 57.15 | |
| 4 | William Sosa (Guide: Cesar Leonardo Chavarro Diaz) | Colombia | DSQ | False Start |

#### Semifinal 2

| Rank | Name | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Felipe de Souza Gomes (Guide: Jorge Pereira Borges) | Brazil | 54.18 | Q |
| 2 | Jesus Diaz (Guide: Yoandri Mosquera Medina) | Venezuela | 55.46 | q, PB |
| 3 | Mauricio Chavez (Guide: Marcos Ramirez) | Mexico | 55.64 | |
| | Delfo Jose Arce Orozco (Guide: Arley Barrios | Colombia | DNF | |

### Final

| Name | Nation | Time |
| Felipe de Souza Gomes (Guide: Jorge Pereira Borges) | Brazil | 51.13 |
| Dustin Walsh (Guide: Dylan Williamson) | Canada | 54.72 |
| Jesus Diaz (Guide: Yoandri Mosquera Medina) | Venezuela | DNF |
| Daniel Mendes da Silva (Guide: Heitor de Oliveira Sales) | Brazil | DSQ |
# Piromania

Piromania is a 1984 platform game published by Automata UK for the ZX Spectrum. Strange Loop previously published the game as Infernal Combustion.

## Gameplay

Piromania is a game in which the player is Walter who must put out the fires that PiMan sets as he runs around Walter's house.

## Reception

Daniel Canavan reviewed Piromania for Imagine magazine and stated that, "Arcade games generally don't hold my interest long. This one, however, is not bad, so if you are into arcade action and high score tables, I recommend it."
# Plastilina

Roma Plastilina is a brand of non-hardening modeling clay sold by Spanish company JOVI and its subsidiaries. JOVI Modeling Clay, Plastilina, is mainly composed of vegetable matter, making it lighter and giving 33% more volume per ounce than mineral-based modelling clay. It is sold on the internet and in many arts and craft stores..
# 2014 European Masters Athletics Championships

The nineteenth European Masters Athletics Championships were held in İzmir, Turkey, from August 22–31, 2014. The European Masters Athletics Championships serve the division of the sport of athletics for people over 35 years of age, referred to as masters athletics.
The event had many fewer participants than the previous edition, although three more nations took part than did previously.

## Events

The following events took place:

### Men

| Event/Age | M35 | M40 | M45 | M50 | M55 | M60 | M65 | M70 | M75 | M80 | M85 | M90 |
| 100 metres | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 200 metres | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 400 metres | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - |
| 800 metres | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - |
| 1500 metres | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - | |
| 5000 metres | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - |
| 10000 metres | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - | - |
| 110 metres hurdles | X | X | X | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 100 metres hurdles | - | - | - | X | X | X | X | - | - | - | - | - |
| 80 metres hurdles | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | X | X | - | - |
| 400 metres hurdles | X | X | X | X | X | X | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 300 metres hurdles | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | X | X | - | - | - |
| 200 metres hurdles | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - | - |
| 3000 metres steeplechase | X | X | X | X | X | X | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2000 metres steeplechase | - | - | - | - | - | X | X | X | X | X | - | - |
| 4x100 metres relay | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - |
| 4x400 metres relay | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - | - | - |
| Marathon | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - | - |
| High jump | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - |
| Pole vault | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - | - |
| Long jump | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
| Triple jump | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - |
| Shot put | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| Discus throw | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| Hammer throw | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
| Javelin throw | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| Weight throw | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - |
| Throws pentathlon | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| Decathlon | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - | - |
| 5000 metre track race walk | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - | X |
| 20000 metre road race walk | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - | - |
# The Human Spider

Human Spider, The Human Spider or The Human-Spider may refer to:

## People

* Bill Strother, who scaled the Heard Building in 1922
* Real-life comparisons of the Marvel character Spider-Man including:
** Alain Robert (born 1962), French rock climber and urban climber

## Characters

* Arachnida from The Show, a 1927 American silent film
* Fineas Sproule from Billy the Kid's Old Timey Oddities, an American comic book series
* Mankot, the ride of Gojo from the comic book Gojo
* Human Spider, Peter Parker's introductory alternate name in the 2002 Spider-Man film
* The Human Spider, a contestant in the "Superhero Tryouts" segment of the BBC comedy sketch show The Wrong Door

## Television

* "The Human Spider", a 2008 episode of the Channel 4 documentary Cutting Edge
# 2013 in games

This page lists board and card games, wargames, miniatures games, and tabletop role-playing games published in 2013. For video games, see 2013 in video gaming.

## Games released or invented in 2013

* Android: Netrunner - A Study in Static
* Android: Netrunner - Cyber Exodus
* Android: Netrunner - Trace Amount
* Axis & Allies: World War I 1914
* Card Hunter
* Caverna
* Clumsy Thief
* Concept
* The Duke
* Evolution: Random Mutations
* Forbidden Desert
* Freedom: The Underground Railroad
* Kantai Collection
* The Lord of the Rings Dice Building Game
* My Little Pony Collectible Card Game
* Russian Railroads
* Star Trek: Attack Wing
* Superfight
* Theros
* Village: Inn

## Game awards given in 2013

* Spiel des Jahres: Hanabi
* Kennerspiel des Jahres: Legends of Andor
* Kinderspiel des Jahres: Der verzauberte Turm
* Deutscher Spiele Preis: Terra Mystica
* Games: Trajan

## Deaths

| Date | Name | Age | Notability |
| January 18 | Lynn Willis | ?? | co-designer of the Basic Role-Playing system |
| February 25 | Allan B. Calhamer | 81 | designer of Diplomacy |
| March 24 | Todd Breitenstein | 47 | designer of Zombies!!!, co-founder of Twilight Creations, Inc. |
| April 20 | Quinton Hoover | 49 | illustrator, known for work on Magic: The Gathering and Dungeons & Dragons, amongst others |
| December 25 | Anthony J. Bryant | 52 | author |
# The Golden Web (novel)

The Golden Web is a 1910 mystery novel by the British writer E. Phillips Oppenheim, written using the pen name Anthony Partridge. It was first serialised in Ainslee's Magazine before being published in book form the following year in Britain and America respectively.

## Film adaptations

It was made into a 1920 British silent film The Golden Web directed by Geoffrey Malins and starring Milton Rosmer. A 1926 American silent remake of the same title was directed by Walter Lang and featured Lillian Rich, Huntley Gordon, Lawford Davidson.
# The Illegal (novel)

The Illegal is a novel by Canadian writer Lawrence Hill. It was published in 2015 by Harper-Collins.

## Synopsis

The novel's central character is Keita Ali, a marathon runner from the fictional Indian Ocean nation of Zantoroland. The story follows Ali as he desperately tries to save his only sibling, who has been kidnapped.

## Critical response

The novel won the 2016 edition of Canada Reads, making Hill the first writer to win the competition twice. Prior to its publication, the novel was optioned for film treatment by Conquering Lion Pictures, the producers of the miniseries adaptation of Hill's prior novel The Book of Negroes.
The French translation Le Sans-papiers, by Carole Noël and Marianne Noël-Allen, was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for English to French translation at the 2017 Governor General's Awards.
# Franco-American (brand)

Franco-American is a brand name of the Campbell Soup Company. Founded by Alphonse Biardot as Franco-American Food Company, it sells gravy and condensed soups; it was formerly used for SpaghettiOs and other pasta products until 2004 when it was replaced with the main Campbell's brand.

## History

The company was founded as Franco-American Food Company by Alphonse Biardot, who immigrated to the United States from France in 1880. In 1886, he and his two sons opened a commercial kitchen in Jersey City, New Jersey, featuring the foods of his native country. The company proved a success, particularly with its line of canned soup and pasta, and it was acquired by Campbell's in 1915.
The Franco-American name was phased out over the next two decades for soup products and in the late 1990s for pasta products. However their product line was still sufficient to continue advertising well into the 1970s, with Barry Manilow performing their jingle "Who Can? Franco Ameri-Can". On November 18, 2004, Campbell's announced it was discontinuing the name for pasta products in favor of its own "to boost sales of what had been Franco-American's canned SpaghettiOs, RavioliOs, Macaroni and Cheese, and regular spaghetti, along with beef, chicken and turkey gravy varieties sold in cans and jars".
As of 2023, the Campbell Soup Company continues to sell gravy products under the Franco-American name, along with a small line of condensed soups that are similar to soups sold under the Campbell's brand.
Their logo can still be found on the back of SpaghettiOs cans, next to the copyright.
# Burton Salmon

Burton Salmon is a village and civil parish in the Selby district of North Yorkshire, England, close to the border with West Yorkshire, and approximately 3 miles (5 km) north from Knottingley, on the A162 road. According to the 2001 Census the parish had a population of 419, reducing slightly to 416 at the 2011 Census.
It was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire until 1974.
The village primary school is Burton Salmon Community Primary School. There is also a public house, The Plough Inn, dating from the 17th century, and a Methodist chapel.

## Toponymy

The place name "Burton Salmon" is formed of two elements. The first originates in Old English and translates as "farmstead of the Britons" (Brettas, genitive Bretta) plus the word tūn, meaning "farmstead, village, settlement". The second element, "Salmon" is a manorial affix, derived from the name Salamone, that of a man who held lands in the area in the 13th century. Although not mentioned in the Domesday Book, the village was recorded as Brettona circa 1160, before the name of the estate holder was appended, and again as Burton Salamon in 1516.
# Carorita

Carorita is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by E. Duffey & P. Merrett in 1963. As of May 2019 it contains only two species: C. limnaea and C. sibirica.
# Chialli

Chialli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Giuseppe Chialli (1800–1839), Italian sculptor, brother of Vincenzo
* Vincenzo Chialli (1787–1840), Italian painter
# Weber Stake Relief Society Building

The Weber Stake Relief Society Building is a historic building in Ogden, Utah. It was built in 1902 for the Relief Society in the Webster stake of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and it was designed in the Gothic Revival architectural style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since February 13, 1989.
# Andrew McIntosh (physicist)

Andrew McIntosh (also known as Andy McIntosh) Emeritus Professor of Thermodynamics and Combustion theory at the University of Leeds. He is also the director of the organisation Truth in Science which promotes creationism and intelligent design.
His research-group has received the outstanding contribution to innovation and technology award from the Times Higher Education awards in London in 2010 for developing a technology based on the defence mechanism of bombardier-beetle.

## Creationism

In a 2007 discussion with Richard Dawkins on BBC Radio Ulster, McIntosh argued that the principles of thermodynamics are not consistent with Darwinian evolution.
In November 2006, the University of Leeds issued a statement distancing itself from creationism, and described McIntosh's directorship of Truth in Science as being unconnected with his teaching or research.

## Publications

* Origins: Examining the Evidence (Truth in Science, 2011) ISBN 978-0956963109
* The Delusion of Evolution (New Life Publishing Co, 2010) ISBN 978-1904835028
* Genesis for Today: Showing the Relevance of the Creation/Evolution Debate to Today's Society (foreword by Ken Ham) (Day One Publications, 2000) ISBN 978-1-903087-15-2
* Shah, AA; Brindley, J; McIntosh, AC; Radernacher, J (2008). "The effects of heat exchange and fluid production on the ignition of a porous solid" (PDF). Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications. 9 (2): 562–584. doi:10.1016/j.nonrwa.2006.12.002.
* McIntosh, AC (2007). "Combustion, fire, and explosion in nature - some biomimetic possibilities". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C. 221 (10): 1157–1163. doi:10.1243/09544062jmes541. S2CID 110692518.
# Wedoquella

Wedoquella is a genus of South American jumping spiders that was first described by María Elena Galiano in 1984. They reach a body length of about 5 to 11 millimetres (0.20 to 0.43 in), and are most closely related to Phiale in general appearance. The genus name is an arbitrary combination of letters with the suffix "-ella".

## Species

As of September 2019 it contains five species, found in Paraguay, Bolivia, and Argentina:
* Wedoquella apnnea Rubio, Nadal & Edwards, 2019 – Argentina
* Wedoquella denticulata Galiano, 1984 (type) – Argentina
* Wedoquella karadya Rubio, Baigorria & Edwards, 2019 – Argentina
* Wedoquella macrothecata Galiano, 1984 – Argentina
* Wedoquella punctata (Tullgren, 1905) – Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina
# Andean tyrant

Andean tyrant has been split into 2 species:
* Jelski's black tyrant, Knipolegus signatus
* Plumbeous tyrant, Knipolegus cabanisi
# Andrew Turberfield

Andrew J Turberfield is a British Professor of Physics based at the University of Oxford. Turberfield's research is largely based on DNA nanostructures and photonic crystals, and his work on both nanomachines and photonic crystals has been highly cited. Turberfield is a fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford.
In 2011 he won the Institute of Physics David Tabor Medal and Prize.
# Andrew Scott (bishop)

Andrew Scott (15 February 1772 – 4 December 1846) was a Roman Catholic bishop who served as the Vicar Apostolic of the Western District of Scotland from 1832 to 1845.

## Education and early ministry

He was born in Chapelford, Enzie, Banffshire on 15 February 1772. His family had been farmers at Chapelford for hundreds of years. Having manifested a desire from an early age to enter the clergy, he was admitted to the Seminary of Scalan on 25 January 1785 and continued his studies at the Scots College, Douai. In 1793, he was compelled to return home at the outbreak of the French Revolution when the college was abandoned. He resumed his studies in Scotland under the direction of Rev. John Farquharson and was ordained to the priesthood at Aberdeen by Bishop Hay on 25 March 1795.Immediately after ordination, he was appointed to the mission at Dee Castle in Aberdeenshire and in 1800 was sent to Huntly. He came to Glasgow in 1805 where initially there were few Catholics.
He built St Andrew's Cathedral, Glasgow (1814–16), which still stands on the River Clyde, to accommodate the growing number of Catholics in the town. In Glasgow, he built schools which could be used as chapels on Sunday, and meeting places during the week. He pursued and won a libel case against a Protestant activist, the case of Scott v McGavin, 25 June 1821.

## Episcopate

He was appointed the Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic of the Western District and Titular Bishop of Erythrae by the Holy See on 13 February 1827, and consecrated to the Episcopate at St Andrew's Cathedral, Glasgow on 21 September 1828. The principal consecrator was Bishop Alexander Paterson, Vicar Apostolic of the Eastern District of Scotland, and the principal co-consecrators were Bishop Ranald MacDonald, Vicar Apostolic of the Western District of Scotland and Bishop Thomas Penswick, Vicar Apostolic of the Northern District of England. He continued to reside in Glasgow and took charge of the lowland portion of the Western District.
On the death of Bishop Ranald MacDonald on 20 September 1832, he automatically succeeded as the Vicar Apostolic of the Western District. After John Murdoch was appointed as his Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic (assistant Bishop) on 4 June 1833, Bishop Scott was able to concentrate on the Highland part of the Western District, operating from Greenock and resigning the charge of Glasgow to Bishop Murdoch. While he had concentrated on schools in the Lowlands and Glasgow, in the western Highlands, he attempted to restore liturgy by building churches. He built new buildings at Badenoch, Bornish, Fort Augustus, Morar and Glencoe.
He resigned on 15 October 1845. The number of practising Catholics in the area increased from 1,000 to 70,000 during his forty-year tenure, largely due to Irish immigration. He died on 4 December 1846, aged 74, and was buried in St Mary's Church, Abercromby Street, Glasgow.
# Wegala

Wegala is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# Wegama Lower

Wegama Lower is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# Andrey Muchnik

Andrey Albertovich Muchnik (February 24, 1958 - March 18, 2007) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician who practiced mathematical logic. He was awarded the A. N. Kolmogorov Prize in 2006.

## Biography

Andrey Muchnik was born on February 24, 1958, in the Soviet Union. His parents were Albert Abramovich Muchnik and Nadezhda Mitrofanovna Ermolaeva. Both of his parents were mathematicians and students of P. S. Novikov, a Soviet mathematician. Muchnik's father, Albert Muchnik, solved Post's problem regarding the existence of a non-trivial enumerable degree of Turing reducibility.
Andrey Muchnik began his academic journey at Moscow State University. Muchnik began working as a mathematician at the seminar of Evgenii Landis and Yulij Ilyashenko for third year students of the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of Lomonosov Moscow State University. In his second year, he published his first work on differential equations under the guidance of Ilyashenko.
Starting in his third year, he specialized in definability theory at the Department of Mathematical Logic, under the supervision of Alexei Semenov. In 1981, he completed his diploma on the solution to a problem posed by Michael Rabin at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Nice. The problem involved eliminating transfinite induction in the proof of Rabin's theorem on the solvability of the monadic theory of infinite trees. Later on, Muchnik applied his approach to prove a generalization of Rabin's theorem, which had been announced by Shelah and Stupp. Using the original idea of Alfred Tarski, he introduced in the notion of self-definability to derive a proof of the Cobham-Semenov theorem. He earned his Ph.D. in 2001.
Subsequently, he worked at the Institute of New Technologies and the Scientific Council of the USSR Academy of Sciences in the field of cybernetics. He eventually became one of the leaders of the Kolmogorov seminar at Moscow State University.
Muchnik also contributed results to the field of algorithmic information theory. Many of his results and collaborations were published after his death.

## Awards

Andrey Muchnik was awarded the A.N. Kolmogorov Prize (along with Alexei Semenov, 2006) for his work in the field of mathematics and for the series of works "On the Refinement of A.N. Kolmogorov, Related to the Theory of Chance.”
# The New Science of Politics

The New Science of Politics: An Introduction is a 1952 book by the American-German philosopher Eric Voegelin. It is about political representation and revolutionary political tendencies, which Voegelin interprets as modern Gnosticism.
# Olaf Eliassen

Olaf Eliassen (3 September 1949 – 5 November 2023) was a Norwegian politician. A member of the Centre Party and later Árja, he served in the Sámi Parliament of Norway from 2001 to 2013.
Eliassen died on 5 November 2023, at the age of 74.
# Alston, Georgia

Alston is a town in Montgomery County, Georgia, United States, with a population of 178 at the 2020 census.

## History

The community was named after Alex Alston, a pioneer citizen. A post office has been in operation at Alston since 1910. Alston incorporated in 1910.
Alston was the location of the murder of resident Isaiah Nixon, who was shot in his front yard in front of his wife and six children on September 8, 1948, after voting in the Georgia Democratic primary.

## Geography

Alston is located in southeastern Montgomery County at 32°04′49″N 82°28′42″W﻿ / ﻿32.080405°N 82.478460°W﻿ / 32.080405; -82.478460. Its eastern border is the Toombs County line.
Georgia State Route 135 runs through the town, leading north 10 miles (16 km) to Higgston and southwest 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to Uvalda. Mount Vernon, the Montgomery county seat, is 10 miles (16 km) to the northwest via Mount Vernon Alston Road.
According to the United States Census Bureau, Alston has a total area of 2.9 square miles (7.5 km$^2$), of which 0.03 square miles (0.08 km$^2$), or 0.87%, are water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 159 people, 63 households, and 44 families residing in the town. By 2020, its population grew to 178.
# Congenital muscular dystrophy-infantile cataract-hypogonadism syndrome

Congenital muscular dystrophy-infantile cataract-hypogonadism syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder which is characterized by congenital muscular dystrophy, infantile-onset cataract, and hypogonadism. Males usually develop Klinefelter syndrome while females develop agenesis of the ovaries. It has been described in eight individuals of which seven came from Finnmark County, Norway. Inheritance pattern is thought to be autosomal recessive.
# Vernonia Pioneer Museum

The Vernonia Pioneer Museum is a history museum, located in Vernonia, Oregon, United States. The building that houses the museum is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Oregon–American Lumber Company Mill Office.