OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Treaty between Thailand and Japan (1940)

The Treaty between Thailand and Japan Concerning the Continuance of Friendly Relations and the Mutual Respect of Each Other's Territorial Integrity was concluded in Tokyo on June 12, 1940 between the Thai and the Japanese governments. The treaty was a step in co-operation between the Thai and the Japanese governments, which eventually became allies in the Second World War.
Ratifications were exchanged in Bangkok on December 23, 1940. The treaty became effective on the same day and was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on July 26, 1941.

## Background

Following the Japanese invasion of China in 1937, the Japanese government began cultivating relations with the Thai government. That was intensified during the battle of France (May–June 1940), as the German forces advanced into France. The Japanese government was keen to exploit the situation to gain control over French Indochina.
The Kingdom of Thailand had a common border with Indochina and so was viewed by Tokyo as a possible ally against the French control of that area.

## Terms

Article 1 provided for mutual respect of each other's sovereignty by the two governments.
Article 2 provided for the joint consultation between the two governments on matters of common concern.
Article 3 stipulated that if a party was under attack by a third party, the other party would not lend any assistance to the attacking third party.
Article 4 provided for the ratification of the treaty.
Article 5 stipulated the treaty would remain in force for five years, with the possibility to extend it further.

## Aftermath

The growing co-operation between the Thai and the Japanese governments in the wake of the treaty led the Thais to wage a brief and successful war against French Indochina in 1940-1941, which resulted in some territorial conquests for Thailand with Japanese assistance. In general, the trend facilitated the gradual process of Japanese takeover of Indochina throughout 1941, which was one of the main causes for Japanese entry into the Second World War. The Thai government, in return, was compelled to join the Japanese government in a treaty of alliance in December 1941.
# 4n + 2

4n + 2 may refer to:
* Singly even number, a number of the form 4n + 2 for an integer n
* Hückel's rule in organic chemistry, also known as the 4n + 2 rule
# Ramdi

Ramdi is a village and Village Development Committee in Pyuthan, a Middle Hills district of Rapti Zone, western Nepal.

## Villages in this VDC

| | | Ward | Lat. | Lon | Elev. |
| Anpchaur | आँपचौर | | 28°04'N | 82°50'E | 750m |
| Ardus | अर्दुस | | 28°04'N | 82°48'E | 550 |
| Bayodanda | बयोडाँडा | | 28°03'N | 82°48'E | 1,119 |
| Chakchake | चकचके | 7 | 28°03'N | 82°48'E | 590 |
| China | चिन | | 28°03'N | 82°49'E | 1,330 |
| Chorpani | चोरपानी | | 28°03'N | 82°48'E | 1,022 |
| Dungdunge | डुङडुङे | | 28°03'N | 82°49'E | 1,150 |
| Ekchote | एकचोटे | | 28°02'N | 82°47'E | 538 |
| Jujineta | जुजीनेटा | 5 | 28°04'N | 82°49'E | 930 |
| Kalikholagaun | कालीखोलागाउँ | | 28°01'N | 82°48'E | 530 |
| Kitghat | किटघाट | | 28°04'N | 82°48'E | 550 |
| Kot Thumka | कोट थुम्का | | 28°01'N | 82°49'E | 1,522 |
| Ramdi | रम्दी | 3 | 28°03'N | 82°49'E | 1,165 |
| Ramdibesi | रम्दीबेसी | | 28°04'N | 82°49'E | 750 |
| Sikhre | सिख्रे | | 28°02'N | 82°49'E | 1,358 |
| Sirbari | सिरबारी | | 28°02'N | 82°48'E | 1,135 |
| Tigra | तिग्रा | 1 | 28°02'N | 82°50'E | 750 |
# Rakovski, Dobrich Province

Rakovski is a village in Kavarna Municipality, Dobrich Province, northeastern Bulgaria.
# 3rd Battalion

3rd Battalion may refer to:
* 3rd Battalion, 6th Field Artillery, a field artillery battalion of the United States Army
* 3rd Battalion, 16th Field Artillery, a field artillery battalion of the United States Army
* 3rd Battalion, 29th Field Artillery, a unit of the 3rd Brigade Combat Team
* 3rd Battalion, 69th Armor Regiment, a United States Army combined arms battalion
* 3rd Battalion, 126th Aviation Regiment, an aviation battalion of the United States Army Massachusetts National Guard
* 3rd Battalion, 153rd Infantry Regiment, a United States infantry battalion
* 3rd Battalion, 158th Aviation Regiment, an aviation battalion of the United States Army
* 3rd Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment, an infantry battalion of the United States Army
* 3rd Battalion, 319th Field Artillery Regiment, a field artillery battalion of the United States Army
* 3rd Battalion, CEF, a battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force
* 3rd Battalion, Royal Anglian Regiment, the Territorial Army unit of the Royal Anglian Regiment
* 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, a parachute infantry battalion
* 3rd Battalion, Parachute Regiment, a battalion-sized formation of the British Army's Parachute Regiment
* 3rd Battalion, The Royal Canadian Regiment, a regular force infantry battalion
* 3rd Battalion, Ulster Defence Regiment, a battalion of the British Army
* 3rd Battalion (Australia), an infantry battalion of the Australian Army
* 3rd Battalion 1st Marines, an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 2nd Marines, an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 3rd Marines, an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 4th Marines, an infantry battalion of the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 5th Marines, an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 6th Marines, an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 7th Marines, an infantry battalion of the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 8th Marines, an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 9th Marines, an infantry battalion of the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 10th Marines, an artillery battalion of the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 11th Marines, an artillery battalion of the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 12th Marines, an artillery battalion of the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 14th Marines, a reserve artillery battalion in the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 23rd Marines, a reserve infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 24th Marines, a reserve infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 25th Marines, a reserve infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps
* 3rd Battalion 28th Marines, an inactive infantry battalion of the United States Marine Corps
# Bredenbek (Bünzau)

The Bredenbek is a tributary of the Bünzau in the north German state of Schleswig-Holstein. The river has a length of about 4 km (2.5 mi). It rises west of Wasbek and discharges into the Bünzau west of Bargfeld.
# Rameshwar Prasad (Uttar Pradesh politician)

Rameshwar Prasad (c. 1930s – 3 January 2020) was an Indian politician from Uttar Pradesh belonging to the Indian National Congress. He was a legislator of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly.

## Biography

Prasad was elected as a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Baberu in 1980 and served until 1985.
Prasad died on 3 January 2020 from kidney disease.
# Triacetate-lactonase

The enzyme triacetate-lactonase (EC 3.1.1.38) catalyzes the reaction
    triacetate lactone + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ triacetate
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on carboxylic ester bonds. The systematic name is triacetolactone lactonohydrolase. Other names in common use include triacetic lactone hydrolase, triacetic acid lactone hydrolase, TAL hydrolase, and triacetate lactone hydrolase.
# Trent Kynaston

Trent Kynaston, born (1946-12-07) December 7, 1946 (age 77) in Tucson, Arizona, is an American jazz and classical saxophonist, music educator, and composer and has performed throughout the United States, Canada, Europe, Central America, South America, Africa, and Asia.

## Biography

Kynaston is Professor Emeritus of Music at Western Michigan University where he recently retired after 39 years of teaching. During his tenure he was the recipient of Down Beat magazine's Achievement Award for Jazz Education, the College of Fine Arts Outstanding Service Award, the Dean's Outstanding Teaching Award, and the Western Michigan University Distinguished Teaching Award. In 2008 he was recognized as WMU "Professor of the Year."
He holds degrees from the University of Arizona in Tucson and the coveted gold Medaille d'Honeur in saxophone and chamber music from the Conservatoire National de Musique de Bordeaux, France. He started the WMU Jazz Orchestra in 1974 and directed the band for 30 years. The award-winning ensemble received national acclaim for its high performance standards and creative approach to big band jazz. Recognitions include two-time winner of the college big band category of Down Beat Magazine's annual DB student music awards, a heralded performance in New York City’s Carnegie Hall, thirteen consecutive performances at the Montreux-Detroit International Jazz Festival, 25 consecutive Outstanding Band recognitions at the Notre Dame Collegiate Jazz Festival, and performances at several IAJE International Conferences. The ensemble's CD's, Spritely Overdue (1996), Disposable Income (1997), Blue Miles (1998), Sweet Tango (1999), Cosmosis (2002), and Boogaloo Land (2005), received rave reviews and were all released on Sea Breeze Jazz Vista Recordings.
He has published numerous compositions, books and articles on various aspects of music, and is recognized world-wide for his jazz solo transcription books. He has performed and toured with such notable jazz artists as Art Farmer, Red Rodney, Billy Hart, Bobby Shew, Mark Murphy, Marvin Stamm, Kenny Werner, and Randy Brecker. His recordings with the Western Jazz Quartet (which he formed in 1974) include Live at the Akwarium Jazz Club (Warsaw, Poland) on Koch Jazz International #3-3811-1, Firebird (1993) on SMR-9301 (listed in the January 2000 issue of Down Beat Magazine as one of the best CD's of the 90's), Blue Harts (1995) on SMR-9501, Sabine's Dance (2000) on Sea Breeze Jazz -SBJ 3040 (all featuring Billy Hart), Turtles (1997) on Polonia CD 068, with Randy Brecker, The Waning Moon (1999) on Mercury, and Mayan Myths (2006) on Sea Breeze Jazz SBJ 3079.
# 3rd Tank Regiment (Japan)

The 3rd Tank Regiment was an armored regiment of the Imperial Japanese Army in World War II. It served in the China/Manchuria theater throughout the war.

## History

The 3rd Tank Regiment was created in 1937 by upgrading the 3rd Tank Battalion. At the end of January 1939, Lieutenant Colonel Kiyotake Yoshimaru took command of the regiment; Yoshimaru was promoted to full colonel in March, and under him the regiment participated in the Battles of Khalkhin Gol against the Soviet Union in 1939,$^{:351}$ as part of the 1st Tank Corps. The other regiment of the 1st Tank Corps was the 4th Tank Regiment, which was equipped mostly with light tanks, and the 1st Tank Corps was part of the Yasuoka Detachment under Major General Masaomi Yasuoka.
At this time the 3rd Tank Regiment had the following order of battle:$^{:349}$
* 26 Type 89 I-Go medium tanks armed with a short-barrelled (low-velocity) Type 90 57 mm gun
* 4 Type 97 Chi-Ha medium tanks armed with the similar Type 97 57 mm tank gun
* 4 Type 97 tankettes armed with a Type 94 37 mm tank gun
* 7 Type 94 tankettes armed with a light machine guns
Japanese armor fared poorly in these battles, the low-velocity guns being unable to penetrate Soviet armor, while being themselves vulnerable to Soviet high-velocity tank guns. Colonel Yoshimaru himself was killed when his command tank was destroyed by Soviet gun fire on 3 July 1939. During the action of 2 and 3 July, the 3rd Tank Regiment was badly mauled by the Soviet army forces.$^{:401–403}$
3rd Tank Regiment was included in 1st Tank Division when the division was formed at Ningan in Manchukuo in June 1942.
The 3rd Tank Regiment was detached from the 1st Armored Division and attached to 11th Army for Operation Ichi-Go against China in 1944. It remained in China while the rest of the 1st Armored Division returned to Japan for the defense of the home islands, and was disbanded with the rest of the 11th Army in 1945.
# Ralph Mosser Barnes

Ralph Mosser Barnes (October 17, 1900 - November 5, 1984) was an American industrial engineer and Professor of Industrial Engineering at the University of Iowa, and the University of California, Los Angeles. He is known as author of the 1937 "Motion and Time Study," which would become standard work for industrial engineers for generations, and as recipient of the 1941 Gilbreth Medal.

## Biography

Born in Clifton Mills, West Virginia, Barnes was the son of John J. Barnes and Martha (Mosser) Barnes. He obtained his BSc and his MA in mechanical engineering from the West Virginia University, and his PhD from the Cornell University.
After his graduation in 1923 Barnes started his career at the U.S. Window Glass Co. in Morgantown, West Virginia for a year. In 1924-25 he was Assistant Engineer at Bausch & Lomb in Rochester, New York, working in Product Development. in 1925-26 he worked another year as Industrial Engineer at Gleason Corporation also in Rochester, New York.
In 1926 Barnes started his academic career as instructor at the University of Illinois. In 1928 he was appointed assistant Professor of Industrial Engineering at University of Iowa, working his way up to associated Professor of Industrial Engineering in 1930 and Professor of Industrial Engineering in 1934. In 1949 he moved to the University of California, Los Angeles, where he was Professor of Engineering and Production Management until his retirement in the late 1960s.
Barnes was awarded the Gilbreth Medal in 1941, the Industrial Incentive Award in 1951, and the Frank and Lillian Industrial Engineering Award after his retirement in 1969.

## Reception

Ralph M. Barnes is noted for his work in the fields of industrial engineering and management. The Work-Factor Council summarized:
   His major contribution to management is the fundamental research he has conducted in industrial engineering. He has developed an extensive film library of motions and time-study applications useful to industry and educational films showing techniques and principles. During his 21-years of stay with the University of Iowa he developed the curriculum in industrial engineering and aided in expanding and enlarging course offerings; developed and equipped the University’s industrial-engineering laboratory; developed and directed the industrial-engineering research program; and originated and directed the University’s management course during 1939 - 1948.

## Selected publications

* Barnes, Ralph M. Industrial Engineering and Management, 1931.
* Barnes, Ralph M. Motion and time study. 1937. 3rd ed. 1949.
* Barnes, Ralph Mosser. Work methods manual. 1944.
* Barnes, Ralph M. Motion and Time Study Problems and Projects 1949.
* Barnes, Ralph Mosser. Work sampling. WC Brown Company, 1956.
# Raising of the son of the woman of Shunem

The raising of the son of the woman of Shunem is a miracle by Elisha narrated in the Hebrew Bible, 2 Kings 4:
   2 Kings 4: 32 When Elisha came into the house, he saw the child lying dead on his bed. 33 So he went in and shut the door behind the two of them and prayed to the Lord. 34 Then he went up and lay on the child, putting his mouth on his mouth, his eyes on his eyes, and his hands on his hands. And as he stretched himself upon him, the flesh of the child became warm. 35 Then he got up again and walked once back and forth in the house, and went up and stretched himself upon him. The child sneezed seven times, and the child opened his eyes.
The story begins at 2 Kings 4:8, and is demarcated from the previous story by Elisha's arrival in Shunem, and by a change in heroine — from the widow of the son of the prophets (4:1-7) to the rich woman of Shunem.
# Ramirez, Texas

Ramirez is an unincorporated community in southern Duval County, Texas, United States.
The Ramirez Common School District serves area students in grades pre-kindergarten through six. Students in grades seven through twelve attend Benavides Secondary School in nearby Benavides.
# 49er & 49er FX Asian Championships

49er & 49er FX Asian Championships are annual Asian Championship sailing regattas in the 49er and the 49er FX classes organised by the International 49er Class Association.

## Editions

| Year | City | Country | Dates | Events | Athletes | Nations | Notes |
| 2018 | Jakarta | Indonesia | 18-24 June | 2 | | | |
| 2016 | Abu Dhabi | United Arab Emirates | 7–12 March | 2 | part of the 2016 Asian Sailing Championship | part of the 2016 Asian Sailing Championship | |
| Championships | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Notes |
| 2018 Jakarta | India, (IND) GANAPATHY KELAPANDA CHENGAPA, VARUN ASHOK THAKKAR | Thailand, (THA), DON WHICRAFT, DYLAN WHITCRAFT | Japan, (JPN) SHINGEN FURUYA, SHINJI HACHIYAMA | |
| 2016 Abu Dhabi | | | | |
# 36 Cancri

36 Cancri is a star located in the southern part of the zodiac constellation Cancer, approximately 501 light years away from the Sun. It is also known by its Bayer designation c Cancri and its Flamsteed designation 36 Cancri. This star is visible to the naked eye as a faint, white-hued object with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.92. It is moving away from Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +16 km/s.
This is an ordinary A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A3 V, which indicates it is generating energy through hydrogen fusion at its core. It has a projected rotational velocity of 44 km/s, with 2.66 times the mass of the Sun and double the Sun's radius. The star is radiating 93 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 8,472 K.
# 36 Camelopardalis

36 Camelopardalis is a single star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Camelopardalis. It is visible to the naked eye as a dim point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of +5.3. Parallax measurements provide a distance estimate of approximately 710 light years away from the Sun, and it is drifting away from the Earth with a radial velocity of −1.15 km/s.
36 Camelopardalis has a stellar classification of K1 III-IIIb, which indicates that it is a K-type giant star with a mild underabundance of CH molecules in its spectrum. At present it has 1.24 times the mass of the Sun but has expanded to an enlarged diameter of 42 R$_☉$. It shines at 714 L$_☉$ from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,589 K, giving it an orange glow. 36 Cam's metallicity is around solar level and spins slowly with a projected rotational velocity of 3 km/s.
# 51st Division (1st Formation) (People's Republic of China)

The 51st Division (Chinese: 第51师) was created In February 1949 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 1st, 3rd Independent Brigade and Independent Detachment of Jiluyu Military District.
The division is part of 17th Corps. Under the flag of 51st division it took part in the Chinese civil war. On March 13, 1952 the division was disbanded.
As of disbandment division was composed of:
* 151st Regiment;
* 152nd Regiment;
* 153rd Regiment.
# Randy Dickison

Randy Dickison (died 1996) was a high diver who made attempts at the world record high dive.
Dickison attended Phillips Junior High School in Minneapolis, Minnesota with fellow future high diver Dana Kunze. In 1982 he executed a 30 m (98 ft) dive and landed head first. He attempted 4 world records for highest dives from 51.5 m (169 ft), 51.8 m (170 ft), 52.4 m (172 ft), and 53 metres (173 feet 11 inches). He attempted to set the high diving world record in 1985 with a 174 feet 8 inches (53.24 m) dive at Ocean Park Hong Kong, but fractured multiple bones of his left leg in the attempt.
Dickison died during a stunt dive into a giant sponge in Belgium in 1996.
# Breckinridge (surname)

Breckinridge is a surname, and may refer to:
* Aida de Acosta (née Breckinridge, 1884–1962), in 1903 flew Santos Dumont's dirigible airship
* Cabell Breckinridge (1788–1823), lawyer and politician in Kentucky
* Clifton R. Breckinridge (1846–1932), congressman from Kentucky, Minister to Russia, son of John C. Breckinridge
* Desha Breckinridge (1867–1935), editor and publisher of the Lexington Herald, husband of Madeline McDowell Breckinridge and brother of Sophonisba Breckinridge
* Henry Skillman Breckinridge (1886–1960), lawyer, politician, and Olympic fencer
* James Breckinridge (1763–1833), Virginia lawyer and politician, Revolutionary War soldier and brigadier general in the War of 1812
* James Carson Breckinridge (1877–1942), United States Marine Corps officer
* James D. Breckinridge (died 1849), U.S. Representative from Kentucky
* John Breckinridge (U.S. Attorney General) (1760–1806), United States Senator and Attorney General
* John B. Breckinridge (1913–1979), Attorney General of Kentucky and member of the United States House of Representatives
* John C. Breckinridge (1821–1875), Senator from Kentucky, fourteenth Vice President of the United States, and later Confederate general and the last Confederate Secretary of War
* John Cabell Breckinridge, best known as Bunny Breckinridge, American actor
* Joseph Cabell Breckinridge Sr. (1842–1920), officer in the United States Navy in the Spanish–American War
* Madeline McDowell Breckinridge (1872–1920), Kentucky suffragette, reformer, and wife of Desha Breckinridge
* Mary Carson Breckinridge (1881–1965), founder of the Frontier Nursing Service
* Mary Cyrene Burch Breckinridge (1826–1907), wife of John C. Breckinridge and Second Lady of the United States
* Robert Jefferson Breckinridge (1800–1871), 1860 supporter of Lincoln over his nephew John C. Breckinridge
* Sophonisba Breckinridge (1866–1948), American activist
* William Campbell Preston Breckinridge (1837–1904), Confederate general and U.S. Representative from Kentucky
* William Robertson "Bill" Breckinridge (1907-1958), Major League pitcher, briefly, and longtime Tulsa attorney
# Trichrous lineolatus

Trichrous lineolatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by White in 1853.
# Trichrous pilipennis

Trichrous pilipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Chevrolat in 1862.
# Ramesa tosta

Ramesa tosta is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by Francis Walker in 1855. It is found in Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar, Java, South China, Taiwan and Japan.

## Subspecies

* Ramesa tosta luridivitta Hampson, 1893
# Brian Aris

Brian Aris is a British photographer who began his career as a photojournalist. Initially, he was a front line photographer of The Troubles in Northern Ireland, the plight of Palestinian children in Jordan, the civil war in Lebanon, famine in Africa and the Vietnam War. In 1976, he met with Paula Yates who wanted to become a model and struck up a friendship with her then boyfriend Bob Geldof. Eventually he decided to change direction and become a photographer of fashion and glamour models, as well as stars of the music industry for newspapers and magazines.

## Music, Film and fashion

He has photographed Beatles, Twiggy, Blondie, Linda Ronstadt, Tina Turner, Susan George, The Who, Rolling Stones, Ozzy Osbourne, Van Morrisson, Sophia Loren, Madonna, Meryl Streep, Sheena Easton, Wham!, Annie Lennox, George Michael, Cliff Richard, David Bowie, Elton John, Debbie Harry, The Clash, Pink Floyd, Roxy Music, Joan Collins, Kate Bush, The Jam, The Boomtown Rats, David Beckham, Victoria Beckham, Roxy Music, Rod Stewart, Duran Duran, Big Country, Sting and The Police.

## Royal family

He photographed Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother at Clarence House, and Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon at Kensington Palace. Aris was commissioned to produce the official portraits marking both Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II's 70th birthday and, later, the Golden Wedding Anniversary of her marriage to Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. Other British Royal family members he has photographed include Prince Andrew, Duke of York; Sarah, Duchess of York; Anne, Princess Royal's son Peter Phillips wedding to Autumn Kelly at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle; and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge.