OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1688 in music

The year 1688 in music involved some significant events.

## Events

* Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany, hired Bartolomeo Cristofori as his keeper of musical instruments.

## Published popular music

* Lilliburlero in popular circulation

## Classical music

* John Blow – Ode for New Year's Day
* Marc-Antoine Charpentier
** Magnificat à 4 voix sans instruments, H.76
** Dixit Dominus H.202
* Gottfried Finger – 12 Sonatas for Diverse Instruments, Op.1
* Johann Philipp Krieger – O Jesu, du mein Leben
* Henry Purcell – A Fool's Preferment, Z.571
* André Raison – Premier livre d'orgue
* Johann Schenck – Tyd en Konst-Oeffeningen, Op.2
* Daniel Speer
** Philomela angelica cantionum sacrarum
** Musikalisch-türkischer Eulenspiegel
* Giuseppe Torelli – 12 Concertino per camera for Violin and Cello, Op. 4, published in Bologna
* Giovanni Buonaventura Viviani – Salmi, Mottetti e Litanie della B. V. a 1. 2. 3. voci
* Johann Jakob Walther – Hortulus chelicus

## Opera

* Marc-Antoine Charpentier – David et Jonathas
* Johann Philipp Förtsch – Die heilige Eugenia
* Jean-Louis Lully – Zephire et Flore
* Henry Purcell – Dido and Aeneas Z.626
* Philidor André Danican l'aine – Le Mariage de la grosse Cathos

## Births

* April 15 – Johann Friedrich Fasch, composer (died 1758)
* October 17 – Domenico Zipoli, composer (died 1726)
* date unknown
** Zacharias Hildebrandt, organ builder (died 1777)
** Lorenzo Sornis, violinist

## Deaths

* January 8 – Francesco Foggia, composer (b. 1604)
* January 29 – Carlo Pallavicino, Italian composer (b. c. 1630)
* May 14 – Carlo Grossi, composer (born c. 1634)
* November 26 – Philippe Quinault, librettist for many operas of Jean-Baptiste Lully (born 1635)
* date unknown – Anne Chabanceau de La Barre (born c. 1628)
# North American tektite strewn field

The North American tektite strewn field is a large area, known as a strewn field, in North America defined by the presence of tektites consistent with having come from the same bolide. The field is believed to be associated with the Chesapeake Bay impact crater.
# Nohead Bottom, Virginia

Nohead Bottom is an unincorporated community in Middlesex County, Virginia, United States. It was also known as Nohead.
# 1544 Vinterhansenia

1544 Vinterhansenia, provisional designation 1941 UK, is a dark asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 22 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 October 1941, by Finnish astronomer Liisi Oterma at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland, and named for Danish astronomer Julie Vinter Hansen.

## Orbit and classification

Vinterhansenia is classified as both C-type and X-type asteroid. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.1–2.6 AU once every 3 years and 8 months (1,335 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic. Vinterhansenia was first identified as A906 DB at Heidelberg Observatory in 1906. Its first used observation, 1928 DO, was also taken at Heidelberg in 1928, and extends the body's observation arc by 13 years prior to its official discovery observation at Turku in 1941.

## Lightcurves

Two rotational lightcurves of Vinterhansenia were obtained from photometric observations taken by Kevin Ivarsen in October 2003, and Laurent Bernasconi in March 2005. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 13.7 and 13.77 hours with a brightness variation of 0.15 and 0.18 magnitude, respectively (U=2/2).

## Diameter and albedo

According to the space-based surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Vinterhansenia measures between 20.76 and 26.23 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.040 and 0.078. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.0599 and a diameter of 21.63 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.0.

## Naming

This minor planet was named for Danish astronomer Julie Vinter Hansen (1890–1960), who worked at the Copenhagen Observatory and was director of the International Astronomical Union's telegram bureau and Editor of its Circulars (also see Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams) The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center in January 1956 (M.P.C. 1350).
# 178th Division (1st Formation) (People's Republic of China)

The 178th Division (Chinese: 第178师) was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 22nd Brigade, 8th Column of Huabei Military District. Its history could be traced to 2nd Independent Brigade of Jiluyu Military District formed in August 1947.
The division was a part of 60th Corps. Under the flag of 178th it took part in the Chinese civil war, including the Chengdu Campaign.
The division was composed of 532nd, 533rd and 534th Infantry Regiments.
In February 1950, the division was combined with Mianyang Military Sub-district. Its 532nd and 533rd Infantry Regiments moved to Chengdu as local garrison force.
In March 1952 the division was disbanded:
* 532nd Infantry Regiment was converted to 19th Public Security Regiment of Chuanxi Military District;
* 534th Infantry Regiment was converted to 20th Public Security Regiment of Chuanxi Military District;
* 533rd Infantry Regiment was utilized to activate the 28th Aviation Division.
# Norelona

Norelona is a monospecific genus of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Elonidae.

## Species

* Norelona pyrenaica (Draparnaud, 1805)
# North Fork Piney River

North Fork Piney River is a tributary of the Piney River in Eagle County, Colorado. The river flows southwest from a source on the west flank of Elliott Ridge in the White River National Forest to a confluence with the Piney River.
# Parliament of Ravennika

Two parliaments took place in the city Ravennika in Central Greece in 1209 and 1210, organized by the Latin Emperor Henry of Flanders:
* Parliament of Ravennika (1209)
* Parliament of Ravennika (1210)
# Ross MacDonald

Ross MacDonald may refer to:
* Ross MacDonald (musician), musician with The 1975
* Ross MacDonald (sailor), Canadian sailor
* Ross Macdonald, American-Canadian writer of crime fiction
# Robert Rae

Robert Rae may refer to:
* Robert Rae (cricketer) (1912–1981), English cricketer
* Robert Rae (agricultural scientist) (1894–1971), Scottish agricultural scientist
* Bob Rae (born 1948), Canadian lawyer and politician
# Allotinus strigatus

Allotinus strigatus is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It was described by John Coney Moulton in 1911. It is found in Southeast Asia.

## Subspecies

* Allotinus strigatus strigatus (Borneo, Pulo Laut)
* Allotinus strigatus malayanus Corbet, 1939 (Thailand, Langkawi, Malay Peninsula, Tioman, Singapore)
# PEG Africa

PEG Africa (also known as PEG) is a for profit corporation, financing and deploying solar power to households and SMEs in West Africa. The company provides loans for pay-as-you-go (PAYG) solar power home systems and solar water irrigation to customers that do not have access to an electrical grid. The loans are repaid by customers in small increments, using mobile payments. The solar power home systems can be used by customers as collateral for loans on further products and services.

## History

The company was founded in 2013 by Hugh Whalan (CEO) and Nate Heller (COO). Whalan and Heller had previously run a solar financing and distribution company called Impact Energies in Ghana, which was acquired in 2013 in the first off-grid solar exit in Africa. Whalan also started the first crowdfunding site for energy lending in 2009.
After commercial launch in 2015, the company had over 10,000 customers and 29 service centers across Ghana by 2016, and closed its Series A funding round with a total of $7.5 million. In 2017, the company raised a further $13.5 million through a combination of debt and Series B equity financing. Investors across both rounds of funding included Energy Access Ventures (EAV), Blue Haven Initiative, Investisseurs & Partenaires (I&P), ENGIE Rassembleurs d’Energies, Impact Assets, Acumen, and PCG Investments, among others. In late 2016, the company extended its operations to the Ivory Coast, in 2018 to Senegal and in 2019 to Mali. In March 2019, the company announced a $25 million Series C round taking the total funding raised by PEG to $50 million USD.
Since 2016, PEG Africa has been awarded the B Corporation ‘best for Customers’ and ‘best for the World’ awards. In 2017, the company introduced free hospital insurance for its customers and in 2018 started a corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative in Ghana named PEG Boafo. The initiative aims to provide education and healthcare support to remote communities in West Africa. In March 2018 PEG provided lighting systems for a school and a medical facility in the Volta Region. Under the Boafo initiative, the company has also established a Learning Center and improved the Community Health Facility in Amotare, a rural community near Begoro.
PEG received the International Ashden Award for Innovative Finance in 2017, an SME Ghana Award in 2018 and the Ghana Energy Award for Off Grid Energy Solution 2018. The company features on the London Stock Exchange Group list of Companies to Inspire Africa 2017 in the Renewable Energy category, and in 2018 was the subject of a Harvard Business School case study. In 2019, PEG became the first company to qualify for the 2x challenge for gender equality.
# Lubudi Airport

Lubudi Airport (ICAO: FZQU) is an airport serving the town of Lubudi in Lualaba Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. The runway is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north of the town.
# Cameraria caryaefoliella

Cameraria caryaefoliella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Ontario and Quebec in Canada, and the United States (including Georgia, Illinois, Florida, Kentucky, New York, Texas, Vermont, Wisconsin, Connecticut and Pennsylvania).
The wingspan is 6–7 mm. There are three generations per year.
# Wolak

Wolak is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ewa Wolak (born 1960), Polish politician
* Marsha Wolak (born 1958), American poker player and tennis player
* Paweł Wolak (born 1981), Polish boxer
* Robert Wolak (born 1955), Polish mathematician
# Root River (Kenora District)

The Root River is a river in the Unorganized Part of Kenora District in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. The river is part of the Hudson Bay drainage basin, is a tributary of Lac Seul, and serves as the conduit for waters diverted from Lake St. Joseph, the source of the Albany River in the adjacent James Bay drainage basin.

## Course

The river begins at an unnamed lake and heads east then northeast to Otatakan Lake, where it takes in the left tributary Wesley River. It flows east, takes in the diverted waters from Lake St. Joseph as a left tributary, then turns south, passes over the Nattaway Falls, and reaches Adamhay Lake. The river heads west, and reaches its mouth at Anenimus Bay on Lac Seul. Lac Seul flows via the English River, Winnipeg River and Nelson River to Hudson Bay.

## Tributaries

* Dunbar Creek (left)
* Deadhead Creek (right)
* Dagmar Creek (left)
* Free Creek (left)
* Ecar Creek (left)
* Under Creek (left)
* Lynxpaw Creek (right)
* Diversion channel from Lake St. Joseph (left)
* Wesley River (left)
* Sharp Creek (left)
# 2003 Asian Cycling Championships

The 2003 Asian Cycling Championships took place at Changwon, South Korea from 4 to 13 August 2003.

## Medal summary
### Road
#### Men

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Individual road race | Shinri Suzuki Japan | Hidenori Nodera Japan | Hassan Maleki Iran |
| Individual time trial | Hossein Askari Iran | Mai Công Hiếu Vietnam | Kazuya Okazaki Japan |

#### Women

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Individual road race | Jiang Yanxia China | Zhang Junying China | Choi Hye-kyeong South Korea |
| Individual time trial | Li Meifang China | Han Song-hee South Korea | Ayumu Otsuka Japan |

### Track
#### Men

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Sprint | Kim Chi-bum South Korea | Yuichiro Maesori Japan | Hiroyuki Inagaki Japan |
| 1 km time trial | Masaki Inoue Japan | Guo Jianbin China | Liu Chin-feng Chinese Taipei |
| Keirin | Keiichiro Yaguchi Japan | Shinichi Ota Japan | Kim Chi-bum South Korea |
| Individual pursuit | Alireza Haghi Iran | Jang Sun-jae South Korea | Vladimir Bushanskiy Kazakhstan |
| Points race | Song Kyung-bang South Korea | Mehdi Sohrabi Iran | Taiji Nishitani Japan |
| Scratch | Song Kyung-bang South Korea | Mehdi Sohrabi Iran | Alireza Haghi Iran |
| Elimination | Choi Soon-young South Korea | Amir Zargari Iran | Alexey Kolessov Kazakhstan |
| Madison | Kazakhstan Yuriy Yuda Vladimir Bushanskiy | South Korea Kwak Hoon-sin Suh Seok-kyu | Iran Amir Zargari Abbas Saeidi Tanha |
| Team sprint | Japan Masaki Inoue Yuichiro Maesori Hiroyuki Inagaki | South Korea | Chinese Taipei |
| Team pursuit | South Korea Song Kyung-bang Choi Soon-young Jang Sun-jae Kwak Hoon-sin | Iran Alireza Haghi Mehdi Sohrabi Abbas Saeidi Tanha Amir Zargari Hossein Askari | Japan Takashi Sasaki Kei Uchida Taiji Nishitani Yusuke Kuroki |

#### Women

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Sprint | Jiang Cuihua China | Ahn Yun-hee South Korea | Maya Tachikawa Japan |
| 500 m time trial | Jiang Cuihua China | Maya Tachikawa Japan | Kim Sun-yi South Korea |
| Keirin | Jiang Cuihua China | Maya Tachikawa Japan | Lee Jong-ae South Korea |
| Individual pursuit | Li Meifang China | Zhang Junying China | Lim Hyung-joon South Korea |
| Points race | Han Song-hee South Korea | Ni Fenghan China | Ayumu Otsuka Japan |
| Scratch | Lan Hsiao-yun Chinese Taipei | Jiang Yanxia China | Gu Sung-eun South Korea |
| Elimination | Wang Weiping China | Gu Sung-eun South Korea | Han Song-hee South Korea |
| Team sprint | Japan Maya Tachikawa Masumi Shinozaki Tomoko Endo | China Tian Fang Ni Fenghan Jiang Yanxia | South Korea Kim Sun-hee Ahn Yun-hee Lee Jong-ae |
| Team pursuit | China Li Meifang Qian Yunjuan Zhang Junying Jiang Yanxia | South Korea Gu Sung-eun Han Song-hee Choi Hye-kyeong Lim Hyung-joon | None awarded |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | China | 8 | 6 | 0 | 14 |
| 2 | South Korea | 6 | 7 | 8 | 21 |
| 3 | Japan | 5 | 5 | 7 | 17 |
| 4 | Iran | 2 | 4 | 3 | 9 |
| 5 | Chinese Taipei | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 5 | Kazakhstan | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 7 | Vietnam | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Totals (7 entries) | Totals (7 entries) | 23 | 23 | 22 | 68 |
# 2003 in Indonesia

The following lists events that happened during 2003 in Indonesia.

## Incumbents

| President | President | Vice President | Vice President |
| Megawati Soekarnoputri | | | Hamzah Haz |

## Events
### April

* April 4 – A raid was launched by an unidentified mob, against the armory of the Wamena District of the Indonesian Army, which was followed by a sweeping operation and forced relocation of civilians around Wamena by the Indonesian Army and the Indonesian National Police.

### August

* August 5 – A car bomb exploded at the Marriott Hotel in Jakarta, Indonesia, killing 12 people and injuring 150.

### December

* December 31 – A bombing, which occurred during a concert at a night market in Peureulak, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam province, Indonesia, killed at least 10 people, including three children, and wounded 45 others.

## Births

* May 29 – Priska Madelyn Nugroho, Indonesian tennis player
* June 21 – Adhisty Zara, Indonesian singer, performer and actress
* June 21 – Lyodra Ginting, Indonesian singer

## Deaths
### March

* March 21 – Umar Wirahadikusumah, 4th Vice President of Indonesia (b. 1924)

### April

* April 4 – Abdul Kadir, Indonesian footballer (b. 1948)
* April 13 – Farouk Afero, Pakistani-born Indonesian film actor (b. 1939)

### May

* May 6 – Ateng, Indonesian actor and comedian (b. 1942)

### August

* August 16 – Ben Mang Reng Say, Indonesian politician (b. 1928)

### December

* December 29 – Ersa Siregar, Indonesian reporter and journalist, shot dead in a shootout between TNI and GAM (b. 1955)
# 2003 in Germany

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events in the year 2003 in Germany.

## Incumbents

* President – Johannes Rau
* Chancellor – Gerhard Schröder

## Events

* 6–16 February: 53rd Berlin International Film Festival
* 7 March: Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 2003
* 27 March: Death of Jeremiah Duggan
* 2 July: Coburg shooting
* 14 July: Accident on the Bundesautobahn 5

### Full date unknown

* Learning Resource Server Medicine is developed in German and English for medicine and dentistry learning and teaching.

## Elections

* Bavarian state election, 2003
* Bremen state election, 2003
* Hessian state election, 2003
* Lower Saxony state election, 2003

## Sport

* 2003 Men's European Volleyball Championship
* 2002–03 Bundesliga
* 2002–03 2. Bundesliga
* 2002–03 Deutsche Eishockey Liga season
* 2003 European Grand Prix
* 2003 German Grand Prix
* 2003 German motorcycle Grand Prix
* 2003 BMW Open

## Births

* 15 September - Pascal Brendel, German gymnast

## Deaths

* 5 February - Manfred von Brauchitsch, German racing driver (born 1905)
* 3 March - Horst Buchholz, German actor (born 1933)
* 18 March - Karl Kling, German racing driver (born 1910)
* 28 March - Ludwig Elsbett, German engineer (born 1913)
* 18 April - Rudolf Brunnenmeier, German football player (born 1941)
* 30 May - Günter Pfitzmann, German actor (born 1924)
* 5 June - Jürgen Möllemann, German politician (born 1945)
* 25 July - Ludwig Bölkow, German aeronautical pioneer (born 1912)
* 26 July - Jürgen Brandt, German general (born 1922)
* 14 August - Helmut Rahn, German football player (born 1929)
* 28 August - Peter Hacks, German playwright and author (born 1928)
* 28 August - Philipp-Ernst, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe, German nobleman (born 1928)
* 8 September - Leni Riefenstahl, German film director, producer, screenwriter, editor, photographer, actress and dancer (born 1902)
* 14 September - Henry Schmill, German mining engineer (born 1925)
* 21 October - Werner Krüger, German engineer (born 1910)
* 26 October - Heinz Piontek, German writer (born 1925)
* 23 November - Lothar Emmerich, German football player (born 1941)
* 27 November - Will Quadflieg, German actor (born 1914)
# 2004 10,000 Lakes Festival

The 2004 10,000 Lakes Festival was held July 1 through July 4.

## 2004 Lineup

* The String Cheese Incident
* 311
* The Roots
* Galactic
* Medeski Martin & Wood
* Keller Williams
* John Mayer
* Los Lobos
* Yonder Mountain String Band
* Stockholm Syndrome
* North Mississippi Allstars
* Jazz Mandolin Project
* Dirty Dozen Brass Band
* Cyril Neville
* Rob Wasserman
* DJ Logic
* Soulive
* Cyro Baptista
* The Radiators
* The Samples
* The Big Wu
* Aranka Fabian
* Particle
* Buckwheat Zydeco
* Dread Zeppelin
* The Greyhounds
* Maroon 5
* Xavier Rudd
* New Monsoon
* Donavon Frankenreiter
* The JiMiller Band
* The Lost Trailers
* Wookiefoot
* Hooch
# Pasipha hauseri

Pasipha hauseri is a species of land planarian belonging to the subfamily Geoplaninae. It is found within Brazil.

## Description

Pasipha hauseri has a flattened body that can reach to about 8 cm in length. The dorsum is greyish-brown, with a light median stripe. The greyish-brown pigment of the dorsum darkens as it borders the median stripe. The ventral side of the body is ivory.

## Etymology

The origin of the specific epithet is not specified, but it is likely given in honor of Josef Hauser, who collected the type specimens.
# Pasipha carajaensis

Pasipha carajaensis is a species of land planarian belonging to the subfamily Geoplaninae. It is found within Brazil.

## Description

Pasipha carajaensis has an elongate body with parallel margins, reaching up to about 24 mm in length. The dorsum is a pale grey color with a yellowish median band, which is bordered by two dark paramedian stripes. The ventral side of the body is a pale grey color.
Additionally, in regards to internal anatomy, certain features in combination distinguish it from other members of the genus. P. carajaensis lacks a glandular margin. The pharynx is collar-form in shape. The prostatic vesicle is outside of the penis bulb, with the proximal portion being short and ovoid, and the distal portion being globose. The female atrium is oval-elongate in shape and is lined by a pseudostratified epithelium.

## Etymology

The specific epithet of carajaensis is derived from the species' type locality, described as the "speleological province" of Carajás, which is referring to the Carajás mineral province encompassing the Carajás National Forest and Carajás Mountains. The location of the holotype is within this province, in a cave, and is in close proximity to the national forest.

## Distribution

P. carajaensis is only known to be found in caves in the Carajás speleological province, just outside of the municipality of Curionópolis, Pará, Brazil.
# Pasipha tutameia

Pasipha tutameia is a species of land planarian belonging to the subfamily Geoplaninae. It is found within Brazil.

## Description

Pasipha tutameia has an elongate body with parallel margins and a rounded front tip, reaching up to about 42 mm in length. Though not known in life, only after fixation, the dorsum is brown in color, with a pale brown median band and a narrow dark median stripe. There are flecks all across the dorsum, with the exception of the anterior tip, which sometimes concentrate on the borders of the pale median band. The ventral side of the body is pale gray.
Additionally, in regards to internal anatomy, certain features in combination distinguish it from other members of the genus. P. tutameia lacks a glandular margin. The pharynx is collar-form in shape. The prostatic vesicle has a globose proximal portion, and a pear-shaped distal portion. P. tutameia additionally has an inverted penis, unique among species of Pasipha, which is long and folded. The female atrium is short and funnel-shaped.

## Etymology

The specific epithet of tutameia was given in reference to the tale book Tutameia – Terceiras Estórias by Brazilian author João Guimarães Rosa; Rosa was born in Cordisburgo, the type locality of P. tutameia.

## Distribution

P. tutameia is known from its type locality; it was found in the Gruta Santo Amaro II Cave, within the municipality of Cordisburgo, Minas Gerais, Brazil.