OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Marathi Language Day

Marathi Language Day is either of the two popular days being celebrated in the Indian state of Maharashtra where Marathi language is primarily spoken.
* 1st May - "Marathi Official Language Day" (मराठी राजभाषा दिन)
* 27th February - "Marathi Language Pride Day" (मराठी भाषा गौरव दिन)

## 1 May

On 1 May 1960, the erstwhile Bombay State was divided into the current states of Maharashtra and Gujarat based on primary spoken languages as Marathi and Gujarati. The day is hence also celebrated in Maharashtra as Maharashtra Day (महाराष्ट्र दिन) and is observed as state holiday. Marathi thus became the "Official Language" of the state from 1 May 1960. The Government of Maharashtra issued notice on 5 July 1960 establishing Directorate of Languages. As per "Maharashtra Official Language Act 1964", Marathi language officially received the status of Official Language. From 1 May 1966, the Marathi Official Language Act was implemented in all government affairs in the state. Book title Introduction to Raj Bhasha was also published for non-Marathi speaking government officials. However, in due course of time, due to the fanfare celebrations of Maharashtra Day and Labour Day; both being observed on 1 May, the Marathi Official Language Day celebrations had reduced and also being ignored by government bodies. On 10 April 1977, the government issued another circular about reminder of this day and its observances. In the revived events, various functions and competitions were encouraged to be arranged on local levels from 28 April to 30 April with conclusion ceremonies held on 1 May.

## 27 February

Vishnu Vaman Shirwadkar, popularly known by his pen name, Kusumagraj, was a celebrated Marathi author who was honoured with Jnanpith Award in 1987. He made significant contribution in the cultural field of Maharashtra and tireless efforts to make Marathi the language of knowledge. On 21 January 2013, Maharashtra Government issued circular to celebrate 27 February, birthday of Kusumagraj, as "Marathi Language Pride Day".

## Celebrations

Essay competitions and seminars are arranged in Schools and Colleges. Government officials are asked to conduct various events.
# Maria Thaddäus von Trautmannsdorff

Maria Thaddäus von Trautmannsdorff (28 May 1761 – 20 January 1819) was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

## Early life

He was born on 28 May 1761 in Graz as son of Imperial Count Weikhard Joseph von Trauttmansdorff-Weinsberg (1711-1788) and Countess Maria Anna von Wurmbrand-Stuppach (1733-1807).

## Ecclesiastical career

He was ordained as Bishop of Hradec Králové on 8 September 1795. On 26 November 1811 he was elected Archbishop of Olomouc. Due to the imprisonment of Pope Pius VII by Napoleon Bonaparte, papal approval of this decision did not take place until 15 March 1814. On 23 September 1816 he was appointed cardinal.
He died in Vienna on 20 January 1819 and was buried in Olomouc.
# Blake Garden AA

Hong Kong Blake Garden AA Ltd. (Chinese: 卜公體育會, also known as HK Blake Garden AA or simply Blake Garden), is a football club in Hong Kong. In 2011 played in the Hong Kong Third A Division League. It was formed by a group of football fans in Blake Garden, Hong Kong. It had competed in the Hong Kong First Division League.

## History

In the 1970s, Blake Garden attracted lovers of football. A group of teenagers formed a team called Blake Garden. The team registered as a member of HKFA, and competed in Hong Kong Third Division League.
In the 1975–76 season, Blake Garden, as a team competing in Hong Kong Third Division League, reached the final of Hong Kong Junior Challenge Shield. Blake Garden defeated Hong Kong Second Division League club Jardine SA with a penalty goal and advanced to the Hong Kong Second Division League.
In the 1976–77 season, Blake Garden placed 2nd in the Second Division League, and promoted to the Hong Kong First Division League for the first time.
In the 1977–78 season, Blake Garden reached the final of the Hong Kong FA Cup, losing to Seiko SA.
In the 1978–79 season, during the match against Yuen Long District SA on 11 March 1978, players got in a fight. Blake Garden placed last that season and was relegated to the Second Division.
# False chamomile

False chamomile is a common name for several plants and may refer to:
* Boltonia asteroides
* Tripleurospermum inodorum
* Tripluerospermum maritimum
# Andrea Nuti

Andrea Nuti (born 8 April 1967 in Milan) is a retired Italian sprinter who specialized in the 400 metres.

## Biography

He won six medals at the International athletics competitions, five of these with national relays team. He participated at two editions of the Summer Olympics (1992 and 1996), he has 37 caps in national team from 1990 to 2000.
His personal best time is 45.35 seconds, achieved in July 1993 in Sestriere. Once finished his athletic career he has started working (2002) as physical trainer at Inter FC in the juvenile teams. In 2010 he was part of the technical staff of Mourinho's team and with Inter he won the Champions League in Madrid, on 22 May 2011.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Italy ||||||
| 1990 | European Indoor Championships | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 15th (h) | 400 m | 48.54 |
| 1990 | European Championships | Split, Yugoslavia | 12th (sf) | 400m | 46.11 |
| 1990 | European Championships | Split, Yugoslavia | 4th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:01.78 |
| 1991 | World Indoor Championships | Seville, Spain | 3rd | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:05.51 |
| 1991 | Mediterranean Games | Athens, Greece | 5th | 400 m | 46.02 |
| 1991 | Mediterranean Games | Athens, Greece | 1st | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:03.20 |
| 1991 | World Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 31st (h) | 400 m | 46.80$^1$ |
| 1991 | World Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 11th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:02.72 |
| 1992 | European Indoor Championships | Genoa, Italy | 2nd | 400 m | 46.37 |
| 1992 | Olympic Games | Barcelona, Spain | 22nd (qf) | 400 m | 45.96 |
| 1992 | Olympic Games | Barcelona, Spain | 6th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:02.18 |
| 1993 | World Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | 25th (qf) | 400 m | 46.77 |
| 1993 | World Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | 9th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:01.85 |
| 1994 | European Indoor Championships | Paris, France | 5th | 400 m | 50.05 |
| 1994 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 17th (h) | 400 m | 46.87 |
| 1995 | World Indoor Championships | Barcelona, Spain | – | 400 m | DQ |
| 1995 | World Indoor Championships | Barcelona, Spain | 2nd | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:09.12 |
| 1995 | World Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 20th (qf) | 400 m | 45.89 |
| 1995 | World Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 11th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:02.01 |
| 1996 | Olympic Games | Atlanta, United States | 9th (sf) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:02.56 |
| 1997 | World Indoor Championships | Paris, France | 7th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:09.98 |
| 1997 | World Championships | Athens, Greece | 7th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:01.52 |
| 1998 | European Championships | Budapest, Hungary | 4th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:02.48 |
$^1$Disqualified in the quarterfinals

## National titles

He has won 9 times the individual national championship.
* 5 wins in the 400 metres (1990, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996)
* 4 wins in the 400 metres indoor (1990, 1991, 1992, 1994)
# Bylazora (moth)

Bylazora is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae described by Francis Walker in 1863.

## Description

Palpi porrect (extending forward) and hairy. A large frontal tuft present. Hindlegs with a tuft of long hair from femoro-tibial joint. Wings with crenulate outer margin. Forewings short and broad. Costa arched at base. Male with a fovea. Vein 3 from near angle of cell and veins 7 to 9 stalked from near upper angle. Vein 10 and 11 stalked and anastomosing (fusing) with vein 12. Hindwings with vein 3 from near angle of cell.

## Species

* Bylazora infumata Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875
* Bylazora licheniferata Walker, [1863]
* Bylazora pilicostata Walker, 1862
# Ruby Hill

Ruby Hill may refer to:
* Ruby Hill, Denver
* Ruby Hill, Nevada
* Ruby Hill Terrain Park in Denver
* Ruby Hill Railroad (List of Nevada railroads)
* Ruby Hill Winery in the Livermore Valley AVA
* Ruby Hill (singer) (1922–2004), American singer
* Ruby Hill (bowls), English bowls player
* Ruby Hill, character on the television show Good Girls played by Retta
# Waruga

Waruga are a type of sarcophagus or above ground tomb traditionally used by the Minahasans of North Sulawesi, Indonesia. They are made of stone and consist or a ridged upper part and a box-shaped lower section.
Dead Minahasans were originally wrapped in woka, a type of leaf. Woka is the leaf of the fan palm, Livistona. Then they were put in wooden coffins. In the 9th century the Minahasa started using waruga.
Bodies are put in a position facing north. They are seated with the heel and toe attached to the buttocks, and the head "kissing" the knees. The Minhasa believe their ancestors came from the north.
In 1828 the Dutch banned the use of waruga and the Minahasa started making coffins. Disease outbreak, including typhoid and cholera, was feared. This was also due to Christian practice being to bury the dead.
Waruga in Tonsea have carvings and reliefs showing how the bodies are stored in their respective waruga and illustrating livelihoods.
There are about 370 Warugas (waruga-waruga) in Rap-Rap (15), Airmadidi Bawah (211), and Sawangan (144). They are a tourist attraction and were listed in the UNESCO World Heritage Site Tentative List since 1995. However, it was pulled out from the list on 2015. At Taman Purbakala Waruga-Waruga, the sarcophagi have been collected from surrounding areas and at a nearby museum porcelain, armbands, axes and bone fragments are exhibited. Most of the waruga have been looted for valuable contents.
# Dirca palustris

Dirca palustris, or eastern leatherwood, is a shrub that grows to a maximum height of about three meters. It is native to the eastern half of North America but abundant only locally. It is most likely to be encountered in the northern part of its range, and is a dominant shrub in some hardwood forests of the upper Great Lakes Region. Rich woods, swampy in some cases, provide its main habitat, and it is occasionally cultivated. The species name, "palustris", means "of the swamps," although it also occurs in well-drained areas provided that the soils are moisture-retentive. It is often hard to recognize because the flowers, which come out just before leafing, last a very short time and D. palustris may be mixed in with the much more frequent Spicebush, which also has small yellow flowers that appear before the leaves and do so at just about the same time in the early spring. Its closest relative, the western leatherwood, lives across the continent in the San Francisco Bay Area.
# Marc Monchal

Marc Monchal (27 August 1935 – 12 November 2020) was a French army general. In addition to his status as an army general, he served as Chief of Staff of the French Army from 17 April 1991 to 27 August 1996 after having been Head of the Minister of Defence's military cabinet from 17 April 1989 to 17 May 1991.

## Biography

At the age of one, Monchal lost his father. His mother worked as a grocer during his youth. He was admitted to the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr in 1954 and he chose to serve in the artillery. He then attended the École d’application de l’Artillerie in Metz.
Monchal served in the Algerian War in the 24th Artillery Regiment, then in the 35th Parachute Artillery Regiment, where he was promoted to brigadier general in June 1984.
In April 1989, Minister of Armed Forced Jean-Pierre Chevènement named Monchal Head of the Minister of Defence's military cabinet, succeeding Jacques Lanxade. In April 1991, he accepted the position of Chief of Staff of the French Army, leaving his previous post to Jean Rannou. During his tenure as head of the French Army, he led France through the Yugoslav Wars and the Rwandan genocide. In 1996, the year he turned 61, he retired from the Army and left his position to Philippe Mercier. During his tenure, he created the Cellule d’aide aux blessés de l’armée de Terre, founded in 1993.
From 17 October 1996 to 17 October 2001, he served on the Conseiller d'État. Marc Monchal died on 12 November 2020 at the age of 85.

## Decorations

* Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour (2015) (Grand Officer in 1995, Commander in 1991)
* Cross for Military Valour
* Combatant's Cross
* North Africa Security and Order Operations Commemorative Medal
* Médaille de la jeunesse, des sports et de l'engagement associatif
* Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
# Edward Courtney

Edward Courtney may refer to:
* Sir Edward Courtney, character in the film, The Courtneys of Curzon Street
* Edward Courtney (classicist) (1932–2019), a Northern Irish classical scholar
* Edward Courtney (Jesuit), see Oath of Allegiance of James I of England
* Tedda Courtney (Joseph Edward Courtney, 1883–1957), Australian rugby league footballer and coach
* Ed Courtney Jr. (1905–1986), his son, Australian rugby league footballer
# Blondes (band)

Blondes is a New York City-based electronic duo. The band consists of Sam Haar and Zach Steinman. The group is signed to RVNG Intl.

## Discography
### Studio albums

| Title | Details |
| Blondes | Released: February 7, 2012 Label: RVNG Intl. Format: Digital download, CD |
| Swisher | Released: August 6, 2013 Label: RVNG Intl. Format: Digital download, CD |
| Warmth | Released: August 11, 2017 Label: R&S Records Format: Digital download, CD |

### Extended plays

| Title | Details |
| Touched | Released: June 28, 2010 Label: RVNG Intl. Format: Digital download, CD |
| Persuasion | Released: August 2015 Label: RVNG Intl. Format: Digital download, CD |

### Singles

| Title | Year | Album |
| "Lover" / "Hater" | 2011 | Blondes |
| "Business" / "Pleasure" | 2011 | Blondes |
| "Wine" / "Water" | 2011 | Blondes |
| "Rein" | 2015 | Non-album single |
# Mikleuš

Mikleuš is a village and municipality in Croatia in Virovitica-Podravina County.
In the 2011 census, it had a total population of 1,464, in the following settlements:
* Balinci, population 70
* Borik, population 326
* Četekovac, population 213
* Čojlug, population 15
* Mikleuš, population 840
In the same census, 91.6% were Croats and 6.22% Serbs.
# Chiba Sports Stadium

Chiba Sports Stadium (千葉県総合スポーツセンター陸上競技場) is a multi-purpose stadium in Chiba, Chiba, Japan. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium holds 30,000 people.
# Richard Gore

Richard Gore (died 1622) was an English merchant adventurer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1604 to 1611.

## Life

Gore was the son of Gerard Gore, an alderman of the City of London. He was auditor from 1601 to 1603. In 1604, Gore was elected Member of Parliament for City of London and sat until 1611. He was Auditor again from 1606 to 1608.
Gore went to live at Hamburg in connection with the merchant adventurers and lived there many years before his death in 1622.
Gore was the brother of Sir John Gore, Lord Mayor in 1624/25, and of William Gore, alderman and Sheriff in 1615/16.
# Horn-shaped jade ring

A horn-shaped jade ring, also known as a trumpet-shaped jade ring (Chinese: 喇叭形玉環; pinyin: lǎ ba xíng yù huán) is a kind of prehistoric single-bulged bracelet found in Taiwan. It is carved and polished from one individual jade, with a section in "L" shape. One side of the bracelet extends externally, forming the shape of a trumpet. The arc of the extending part is extremely smooth. The marks of rotational cutting are not seen on the bracelet itself, and the largest periphery is not aligned... Many of such jade ornaments have been unearthed in late Neolithic archaeological sites, among which the Peinan Site has found 8 horn-shaped jade rings in total

## Functions

Among the bracelets found in the Peinan Site, slate bracelets with 1 to 7 parts wearing on one wrist or both wrists account for the most. On the other hand, the horn-shaped jade ring were usually used as a single ornament on the left arm of females. The trumpet-like opening is heading towards the top, and the ornament itself can reach the joint of the elbow. The horn-shaped jade ring is usually buried along with tube bead necklace or bell-shaped jade beads (also known as bell-shaped jade strung ornaments). As bell-shaped jade beads were previous and rare, it’s suspected the owner of both had a special social status

## Distribution

Horn-shaped jade rings were found mostly in the Peinan Site. During the salvage archaeological excavation in the 1980s, the Taitung County Government had collected at least 2 specimens while National Taiwan University had 6. Besides the Peinan Site, the ornaments were also unearthed from at least 3 archaeological sites across Taiwan: one in Wanshan Site, Yilan; one in the cultural layer from the first location of Kukeng Tapingting Site, Yunlin; and one fragment in the Wushantou phase of Tahu Culture of Peisanshe Site, Tainan. These ornaments were unearthed from the sites later in terms of period than the one in Peinan Site, with smaller shapes

## Discussion on the Origins

In other regions near Taiwan, around the same or earlier period, double-bulged bracelet and single-bulged bracelet were trending in southern or southwestern China. The materials were either jade or bronze, and double-bulged bracelets accounted for the most. No double-bulged or bronze bracelets has been found in Taiwan so far. Therefore, some scholars believe that the single-bulged bracelets in Taiwan and the horn-shaped jade rings undergoing transformation seem not to originate from southern or southwestern China directly but were rather indirectly affected by Mainland Southeast Asia.

## Designated national treasure

Among the horn-shaped jade rings unearthed in the Peinan Site and collected in the National Museum of Prehistory, one of them is made of emerald and transparent jade. The ornament is in complete shape and of fine quality, displaying it’s uniqueness in style and the excellence of jade craftsmanship in prehistoric Taiwan. It can be dated back to 4,000 to 3,500 years ago (4,000-3,500 B.P.; or 2,050-1,550 BC), and was designated as a national treasure by the Ministry of Culture in 2012.
# Ampelosicyos

Ampelosicyos is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae.
It is native to Madagascar.
The genus name of Ampelosicyos is in honour of Ampelos, who was the personification of the grapevine and lover of Dionysus in Greek and Roman mythology.
It was first described and published in Hist. Vég. Îsles Austral. Afriq. on page 68 in 1808.

## Species known

As accepted by Plants of the World Online:
* Ampelosicyos bosseri (Keraudren) H.Schaef. & S.S.Renner
* Ampelosicyos humblotii (Cogn.) Jum. & H.Perrier
* Ampelosicyos leandrii (Keraudren) H.Schaef. & S.S.Renner
* Ampelosicyos major Jum. & H.Perrier
* Ampelosicyos meridionalis Keraudren
* Ampelosicyos scandens Thouars
# Loitsche

Loitsche is a village and a former municipality in the Börde district in Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the municipality Loitsche-Heinrichsberg. This is where Tokio Hotel singer Bill Kaulitz and guitarist Tom Kaulitz grew up.
Loitsche is about 20 km north of Magdeburg. Loitsche has about 674 inhabitants (2005). Loitsche has a size of 19,43 km².
* This Börde location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Bussy Mansell

Bussy Mansel or Bussy Mansell may refer to:
* Bussy Mansell (1623–1699)
* Bussy Mansel, 4th Baron Mansel (died 1750), Welsh peer, MP for Cardiff 1727–34, for Glamorganshire 1737–45
# Louis-Daniel Perrier

Louis-Daniel Perrier (1818–1903) was a Swiss architect from Neuchâtel, Switzerland. He was born in Paris although he was originally from the towns of Sainte-Croix and Orges in Switzerland. He studied art in Paris and Berlin before moving to Neuchâtel in 1848.
He was the architect for the government of the Canton of Neuchâtel between 1849 and 1863. In 1864 and until 1867, he was construction director for the city of Neuchâtel. He constructed Philippe Suchard's house, the church of Les Brenets, the primary school "Le Collège de la Promenade" in Neuchâtel, and restored the castles of Neuchâtel and Cormondrèche among other works.
He was married to Cécile Dardel and is the father of the Federal Councillor Louis Perrier. He was also the great-grandfather of Denise and Raymonde Berthoud.
# Miklos Bencze

Miklós Bencze (19 June 1911 – 24 January 1992) was a Hungarian-American Jewish bass singer. He was born in Hungary and studied with tenor Manfredo Polverosi; he had his debut as Ferrando in Il Trovatore at the Hungarian State Opera in 1946. He also performed with the Budapest Municipal Opera Theatre and with opera companies in Vienna and Innsbruck. He married Budapest native Ilona Anna Szabari.
In 1957, after Soviet troops marched into Budapest to end the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, Bencze and his wife left Hungary and emigrated to the United States. There he received a Rockefeller Foundation grant and performed at Carnegie Hall in New York. While continuing his operatic career in major opera houses in roles such as Sparafucile, Leporello, Don Basilio and Mephisto, he took a position as a voice teacher and artist in residence at Baylor University in Waco, Texas. In 1964 he accepted a similar position at the University of Mississippi. Among his pupils, he numbered many prominent singers and teachers. Finally, in 1977, he retired from the stage and taught voice at Wallace Community College in Dothan, Alabama.
# Anastasia Goodstein

Anastasia Goodstein is the author of Totally Wired: What Teens and Tweens Are Really Doing Online (St.Martin’s Press), which was published March 20, 2007.
Anastasia graduated from Antioch College, with a B.A. in Journalism/Women's Studies in 1995. After graduating, she began her youth-media career at Teen Voices magazine, which was written by and for teen girls. Her interest in working with teens spurred her to do three years of extensive fundraising for Women Express, the organization that publishes Teen Voices. She even raised money to pay her own salary. Some of her fundraising projects included creating an annual event called Rhythm & Voices that combined readings from up-and-coming literary stars with live jazz.
After leaving the magazine she continued her education at the Medill School of Journalism at Northwestern University. She graduated in 1999 with an MSJ. She was one of the first three students to concentrate in New Media at Medill. After graduating from Medill, she moved to New York City to work at About.com and for Oxygen Media as an editorial Web producer. She left New York for Silicon Valley almost one year later to take a position as a managing editor at Kibu, which was a website for teen girls. After Kibu became a casualty of the bursting dot-com bubble, she went to work for AOL Web Properties as a senior editor, and then helped launch KeepMedia, a premium content service that delivered current and archived articles from 150+ popular magazines and newspapers on one website. Anastasia also worked at Current TV, a television network started in part by Al Gore, as a director in the Online Studio group.
# C11H13N3O

The molecular formula C$_{11}$H$_{13}$N$_3$O (molar mass: 203.24 g/mol) may refer to:
* Ampyrone
* 5-Carboxamidotryptamine
* Feprosidnine
* Sumanirole