OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arian (disambiguation)

Arianism is a nontrinitarian Christological doctrine.
Arian may also refer to:

## Pertaining to Arius

* A follower of Arius, a Christian presbyter in the 3rd and 4th century
* Arian controversy, several controversies which divided the early Christian church
* Arian fragment, Arian palimpsest

## People
### Groups of people

* Arians or Areians, ancient people living in Ariana (origin of the modern name Iran)
** Aryan, a term associated with the Proto-Indo-Iranians
** Aryan race, the racial concept
* An inhabitant of Aria (today's Herat, Afghanistan), used by the ancient and medieval Greeks (as Ἄρ(ε)ιοι/Ar(e)ioi) and Romans (as Arii)

### Given name

* Arian Asllani (born 1983), American rapper known as Action Bronson
* Arian Bimo (born 1959), Albanian footballer
* Arian Çuliqi, Albanian television director and screenwriter
* Arian Foster (born 1986), American football player
* Arian Hametaj (born 1957), Albanian footballer
* Arián Iznaga, Cuban Paralympian sprinter
* Arian Kabashi (born 1996), Kosovan footballer
* Arian Kabashi (born 1997), Swedish footballer
* Arlan Lerio (born 1976), Filipino boxer
* Arian Leviste (born 1970), American electronic music artist, producer, and DJ
* Arian Moayed (born 1980), Iranian-born American actor and theater producer
* Arian Moreno (born 2003), Venezuelan footballer
* Arian Nik (born 1994), British actor
* Arian Smith (born 2001), American football player

### Surname

Arian is a surname that originated in Ancient Persia
* Arman Arian (born 1981), Iranian author, novelist and researcher
* Asher Arian (1938–2010), American political scientist
* Asma Arian, German-Qatari human rights activist
* Laila Al-Arian (born 1980s), American broadcast journalist
* Sami Al-Arian (born 1958), Palestinian-American civil rights activist
* Praskovia Arian (1864–1949) Russian and Soviet writer and feminist
* Bruce Arians (born 1952), American football coach and former player
* Jake Arians (born 1978), American football player

## Other

* Arian (band), a pop band in Iran
* Arian (newspaper), an Iranian newspaper since 1914
* Arian, an outsider's name for a member of the Polish Brethren
* Arian, a person born under the constellation Aries (astrology)
# Cody Anderson (disambiguation)

Cody Anderson may refer to:
* Cody Anderson (born 1990), MLB pitcher
* Cody Anderson, In Fear and Faith band member
* Cody Anderson, a character in the Total Drama series
# Cody Balogh

Cody Balogh (born February 14, 1986) is a former American football offensive lineman. He was signed by the Bears as an undrafted free agent in 2008. He played college football at Montana.

## Early years

Cody was first-team all-conference at Steilacoom High School, in Steilacoom, Washington, on both offense and defense in both his junior and senior years, respectively. He was named a first-team all-state by the Tacoma News Tribune and participated in the Washington All-Star Game as a senior. He also was a two-year starter in basketball and played on a team that was ranked No. 2 in the state his senior year.

## College career

Cody attended the University of Montana, where he was a four-year letterwinner (2004–07). He started the final 41 games of his college career. He was an honorable mention all-Big Sky as a senior, starting all 12 games, 11 while playing at left tackle, and 1 while playing at left guard. He served as the Grizzlies captain as Montana went 11–0 and won the Big Sky title. He was also selected as the Paul Weskamp Award winner, which is given annually to Montana's Outstanding Offensive Lineman. He was named a third-team All-American by The Sports Network as a junior, and started all 14 games at left tackle and was a first-team all-Big Sky selection. He also helped lead the Grizzlies to a 10–1 regular season record (only losing an away game to the Iowa Hawkeyes), a Big Sky Championship, and an appearance in the National Semifinals. As a sophomore, Balogh started all 12 games helping the Grizzlies to qualify for the NCAA Tournament, but the Grizzlies fell in the first round. Balogh started the final 3 games of his freshman season, including the quarterfinal, semifinal and Division I-AA Championship Game which Montana lost, 31–21, to James Madison.

## Professional career
### Chicago Bears

Balogh was undrafted in the 2008 NFL draft. In May 2008, Balogh tried out for the Chicago Bears in their annual rookie minicamp following the draft. After the rookie minicamp, Balogh was signed as an undrafted free agent. His arrival on the scene was considered a "nice surprise" by the Chicago Sun-Times.
After spending his rookie season on the practice squad, Balogh was re-signed to a future contract on December 29, 2008. Cody was waived on the September 5 cutdown to the 53 man regular season roster.

## Personal

Cody is the son of Steven and Patricia Balogh. In college, he majored in health and human performance.
He receives frequent shout-outs on PA Exam Prep Review Podcast (See Headaches).
# William McFarlane (1890s footballer)

William McFarlane was a footballer who played at inside-right for Burslem Port Vale in 1893.

## Career

McFarlane joined Second Division side Burslem Port Vale in January 1893, making his debut in a 3–0 defeat at Walsall Town Swifts on 18 February that year. He made a further three appearances at the Athletic Ground, before being released at the end of the season.

## Career statistics

Source:
| Club | Season | Division | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Burslem Port Vale | 1892–93 | Second Division | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Total | Total | Total | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
# Colin Cook (speedway rider)

Colin Cook (born 29 August 1954) is an English former motorcycle speedway rider who rode for Ipswich Witches and Leicester Lions in the British League, before spending eight successive seasons with the Exeter Falcons.

## Biography

Cook was born in Southwold in 1954. He took up speedway while working as a plant fitter, initially at Mildenhall, before joining Ipswich Witches in the mid-1970s. He was loaned out to National League team Scunthorpe Saints in 1975, averaging 5.91 in his first season.
After a further season at Scunthorpe he moved on to the Boston Barracudas in 1977. A much improved season saw his average rise and he also won the National League Pairs Championship with Rob Hollingworth. In 1978, he was recalled by Ipswich and was part of the cup-winning team that year. Cook transferred to Leicester Lions early in the 1979 season for £2,500.
In 1982, he rose to the position of third heat-leader for the Lions, but his time at Leicester was hampered by injuries. After the Lions closed down in 1983, Cook moved back to Boston in 1984, where he became the club captain. A late withdraw by Boston in 1985, saw Cook switch to Exeter Falcons before spending the last eight years of his career with the Devon club. He retired at the end of the 1992 season.
# Colin Cook

Colin Cook may refer to:
* Colin Cook (cricketer) (born 1960), English cricketer
* Colin Cook (footballer) (1909–?), English footballer
* Colin Cook (speedway rider) (born 1954), English speedway rider
# William Peck (astronomer)

Sir William Peck FRSE FRAS (3 January 1862, Castle Douglas, Kirkcudbrightshire – 7 March 1925, Edinburgh) was a Scottish astronomer and scientific instrument maker.

## Life

He was born in Castle Douglas in Kirkcudbrightshire on 3 January 1862, the son of William Peck. His family moved to Edinburgh in his youth and here he worked in a glue factory in the Gorgie district for Robert Cox. Cox asked him to run a private observatory. From 1883, despite a lack of formal university training, he began lecturing in Astronomy.
He was the director of the Edinburgh City Observatory from 1889 until his death. In the same year he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Robert Cox, Sir Arthur Mitchell, Alexander Buchan and the 8th Duke of Argyll. From 1893 to 1896 he was involved in the relocation of the Edinburgh Observatory from Calton Hill to Blackford Hill.
In 1898 he founded the Madelvic Motor Carriage Company, one of the world's first factories making electric cars, at the Madelvic Works at Granton, Edinburgh.
He continued to live at Observatory House on Calton Hill in Edinburgh even after the observatory moved to Blackford Hill.
He also belonged to the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, a secret occult society founded in the late 1800s. Among the members of the Golden Dawn, there was Irish poet W B Yeats, actress Florence Farr, Oscar Wilde's wife Cobstance Mary, Bram Stocker and obviously Aleister Crowley.
He was knighted by King George V in 1917.
He died at his home in Inverleith Row in Edinburgh on 7 March 1925. He is buried in Warriston Cemetery in the upper section, on the north side of the main east-west path.

## Family

In 1889 he married Christina Thomson (1865-1922).

## Works

* The handy star map (1880)
* The constellations and how to find them (1887)
* Popular Handbook and Atlas of Astronomy (1890)
* The observer's atlas of the heavens (1898)
* The Southern Hemisphere constellations and how to find them (1911)
* An Introduction to the Celestial Sphere. Volume I The Topography and Mythology of the Star Groups (1919)
# Arnold S. Shapiro

Arnold Samuel Shapiro (June 5, 1921, Brookline, Massachusetts – May 1, 1962, Newton, Massachusetts) was an American mathematician known for his eversion of the sphere and Shapiro's lemma. He also was the author of an article on Clifford algebras and periodicity with Raoul Bott, later redone by Michael Atiyah and Bott.

## Life

During WWII Shapiro was in the US Army signal corps stationed in Belgium.
In 1949 Shapiro was a student of Norman Steenrod at University of Michigan. He wrote an article "Group extensions of compact groups" and was awarded a master's degree.
In 1950 Shapiro was a student of André Weil at University of Chicago. With a dissertation "Cohomology relations in fiber bundles", he was awarded a Ph.D.
He continued his studies at the Institute for Advanced Study from 1955 to 57. Raoul Bott was also at the Institute at that time; he recounted his mathematical contacts in an AMS-MAA invited address August 9, 1988, in Providence Rhode Island:
    During that time, and largely at Princeton, I met Serre, Thom, Hirzebruch, Atiyah, Singer, Milnor, Borel, Harish-Chandra, James, Adams,... I could go on and on. But these people, together with Kodaira and Spencer, and my more or less "personal remedial tutor", Arnold Shapiro, were the ones I had the most mathematical contact with.
In 2000 Allyn Jackson interviewed Bott, who then revealed Shapiro's part in the Periodicity Theorem. He explained that there was a controversy in dimension 10 about the homotopy of the unitary group.
    I hit upon a very complicated method involving the exceptional group G2 to check the conundrum independently. My good friend Arnold Shapiro and I spent all weekend computing. At the end we came out on the side of Borel and Hirzebruch, so I was convinced that they were right. And if they were right, the table of homotopy groups started to look periodic for a long stretch.
In 1957 Shapiro published an extension of Dehn's lemma after a method of Papakyriakopoulos. In 1960 Shapiro contributed to the Bourbaki Seminar his "Algèbres de Clifford et periodicité des groupes π$_K$(BO))". The topic was taken up again in 1964 as Clifford modules by Bott and Atiyah with Shapiro named as an author, though he had died.
In December 1960 Shapiro spoke with Bernard Morin about turning a sphere inside-out. This oral communication was later recalled in the Mathematical Intelligencer article "Arnold Shapiro's eversion of the sphere". The authors remark, "His is not the simplest, nor the most interesting of the many explicit eversions that have been devised since. It is, however, the only one to use standard topological constructions."
Arnold Shapiro died in 1962 in Newton, Massachusetts where he was a tenured professor at Brandeis University. Each year an undergraduate student of mathematics at Brandeis University is awarded a Shapiro Prize in memory of Arnold.
# Collegium Marianum

Collegium Marianum is a Prague-based Czech early music orchestra founded in 1997 by the flautist Jana Semerádová. She graduated from the Prague Conservatory and the Philosophical faculty of Charles University, where she studied theory and performance practice of early music. She completed her studies at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague in the class of Wilbert Hazelzet. In the years 2008-2011, she taught the baroque transverse flute and leads master classes. Semerádová is also programme director of the concert cycle Baroque Soirées and the annual Letní slavnosti staré hudby (Summer Festivities of Early Music).

## Discography

* Henrico Albicastro: Concerti a quattro op.7 Nr.1-12, with Collegium 1704, Luks 2 CDs 2000 Pan Classics
* Music of Baroque Prague I - with Constanze Backes, and Marián Krejčík baritone 2003
* Music of Baroque Prague II - with Hana Blažíková 2005
* Gloria, sacred arias Simona Houda-Šaturová. Ars.
* Jan Dismas Zelenka: Sepolcri. Hana Blažíková, David Erler, Tobias Hunger, Tomas Kral, Collegium Marianum, Jana Semeradova
* František Jiránek: Sinfonias. Supraphon
* Rorate Coeli, works of V. K. H. Rovenský, A. Reichenauer, J. D. Zelenka, J. F. Fasch, A. Caldara. Hana Blažíková Collegium Marianum, dir. Jana Semerádová, 2009
* Jan Josef Ignác Brentner: Concertos & Arias Hana Blažíková Collegium Marianum, Jana Semerádová, 2009
* A. Caldara: Maddalena ai piedi di Cristo Hana Blažíková as Maddalena DVD Collegium Marianum
* Musici da Camera - Music form 18th Century Prague, Vivaldi etc. 2 CDs Supraphon 2012
# Collegium Invisibile

Collegium Invisibile is an academic society founded in 1995 in Warsaw that affiliates outstanding Polish students in the humanities and science with distinguished scholars in accordance with the idea of a liberal education. The association aims at offering young scholars the opportunity to participate in original research projects as well as exclusive individual master-student cooperation through the tutorial system based on methods used at the Oxbridge universities.
Collegium has its roots in the tradition of the eighteenth century Collegium Nobilium, an elite high school founded in 1740, one of the predecessors of the University of Warsaw. Traditionally, the rector of the university is ex officio chairman of the science board of the Collegium.
Each year about twenty Polish students who have succeeded in passing a stringent admission procedure are granted membership of Collegium and thus receive an opportunity to follow an individually chosen path of academic study.

## Tutors

Students choose scholars with whom they would like to cooperate. The scholars are then invited to become fellows of the Collegium.

### Fellows

* Jan Błoński
* Leszek Balcerowicz
* Bronisław Geremek
* Jerzy Jarniewicz
* Jacek Jastrzębski
* Ewa Łętowska
* Aleksander Gieysztor
* Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz
* Jerzy Jedlicki
* Jerzy Kłoczowski
* Monika Kostera
* Andrzej Koźmiński
* Ryszard Legutko
* Philippe Lejeune
* Andrzej Olechowski
* Zbigniew Pełczyński
* Wojciech Roszkowski
* Marek Safjan
* Marek Siemek
* Paweł Śpiewak
* Józef Tischner
* Ewa Wipszycka
Source:
# Coleophora multicristatella

Coleophora multicristatella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in Canada, including Nova Scotia.
The larvae feed on the leaves of Gaylussacia baccata and Rhododendron canadense. They create a composite leaf case.
# Coleophora motacillella

Coleophora motacillella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found from France to southern Russia and from Denmark to Austria and Romania.
Adults are on wing in July and August.
The larvae feed on Chenopodium and Atriplex species. They feed on the generative organs of their host plant.
# William Walsh (archbishop of Dublin)

William Joseph Walsh (30 January 1841 – 9 April 1921) served as the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin from 3 July 1885 until his death in 1921.

## Early life and priestly ministry

He was born at 11 Essex Quay in Dublin, the only child of Ralph and Mary Perce Walsh. His father was a watchmaker and jeweler. William inherited his sympathy for Irish nationalism and independence from his father, who had the boy enrolled in the Repeal Association before he was two years old. William was educated locally at Mr Fitzpatrick's School on Peter St. and at St. Laurence O’Toole Seminary School, Harcourt St, Dublin. In 1856, he went to the Catholic University of Ireland and three years later St. Patrick's College, Maynooth where he became Professor of Theology in 1867. He was appointed vice-president of Maynooth in 1878 and president in 1880. A poor preacher, he made the press his pulpit, and made a name for himself in the areas of land law and education.

## Archbishop

The Land issue divided the Irish hierarchy. Walsh supported agrarian reform on behalf of the rural population. Walsh was openly sympathetic to Irish nationalism, and an advocate of both Home Rule and agrarian land reform. It was his support for this movement, led by Michael Davitt, which made the Vatican honour Michael Logue in Armagh with the dignity of Cardinal in 1893 rather than Walsh in Dublin.
Walsh served on the Senate of the Royal University of Ireland (1883–4) and as part of the Commission of National Education (1885–1901).
He was appointed Chancellor of the newly founded National University of Ireland in 1908, a position he held until he died, after which he was succeeded by Éamon de Valera.
Walsh has been described as "the greatest archbishop of Dublin since Laurence O'Toole.
Walsh Road in Drumcondra, Dublin is named after him.

## Publications

Walsh wrote: the following texts:
* A Plain Exposition of the Irish Land Act of 1881 (1881).
* The Queen's Colleges and the Royal University of Ireland (1883–1884).
* The Irish University Question (1897).
* Trinity College and the University of Dublin (1902).
* Trinity College and its Medical School (1906).
* Harmony of the Gospel Narratives of the Passion, Resurrection and Ascension of Our Blessed Lord (1907)
# William Stewart (Ontario politician)

William E. Stewart (born 1919 or 1920) was a trade unionist and leader of the Communist Party of Ontario in the 1970s. Stewart was born and raised in Hamilton, Ontario and was a union organizer in the textile and electrical industries. During World War II he served with the Canadian Armoured Corps.
He lived in British Columbia in the 1950s and 1960s where he worked as a dockworker and was a Communist candidate in Vancouver South in the 1962 federal election and again in 1965.
Stewart led the party's coterie of five candidates in the 1971 provincial election. In 1975, the party ran 33 candidates and received 9,500 votes.
Stewart ran in Dovercourt in the 1971, 1975 and 1977 provincial elections. He was also the Communist Party of Canada's candidate in St. Catharines for the 1974 federal election.
He was succeeded as party leader by Mel Doig for the 1981 provincial election. Stewart served as the party's labour secretary in the 1980s.
# Colobaea

Colobaea is a genus of flies in the family Sciomyzidae, the marsh flies or snail-killing flies.

## Species

* C. acuticerca Carles-Tolrá, 2008
* C. americana Steyskal, 1954
* C. beckeri (Hendel, 1902)
* C. bifasciella (Fallén, 1820)
* C. canadensis Knutson & Orth, 1990
* C. distincta (Meigen, 1830)
* C. eos Rozkosny, 1991
* C. flavipleura Rozkosny, 1991
* C. limbata (Hendel, 1933)
* C. montana Knutson & Orth, 1990
* C. nigroaristata Rozkosny, 1984
* C. occidentalis Knutson, Deeming & Ebejer, 2018
* C. pectoralis (Zetterstedt, 1847)
* C. punctata (Lundbeck, 1923)
# Colin Stannard

Colin Percy Stannard (8 February 1924 – 4 August 2023) was an English Anglican clergyman who was Archdeacon of Carlisle and a residentiary canon at Carlisle Cathedral from 1984 to 1993.

## Biography

Stannard was educated at Woodbridge School and Selwyn College, Cambridge; and, after World War II service with the Royal Norfolk Regiment, ordained in 1950. After a curacy at St Edmundsbury Cathedral he served incumbencies in Grimsby, Barrow-in-Furness, Upperby, Gosforth and Natland before his Carlisle appointments. Stannard died on 4 August 2023, at the age of 99.
# Colin Spedding

Sir Colin Raymond William Spedding CBE (22 March 1925 – 17 December 2012) was a British biologist, agricultural scientist and animal welfare expert. Spedding founded or worked for numerous agricultural agencies, including the Farm Animal Welfare Council, Assured Food Standards and the UK Register of Organic Food Standards. He also held academic posts at the University of Reading and the Grassland Research Institute, and was a prolific author of books on wildlife and agriculture.

## Early life and education

Spedding was born in 1925, the son of an itinerant Methodist minister. He attended several different schools before leaving education without qualifications in 1939. During the Second World War, Spedding served aboard Royal Navy torpedo boats. After the war, he secured a menial laboratory job, and studied as an evening student to gain a degree in zoology from the University of London.

## Academic career

Between 1949 and 1975, Spedding worked at the Grassland Research Institute in Hurley, Berkshire. Thereafter, he became Professor of Agricultural Systems at the University of Reading, also serving as the university's Dean of the Faculty of Agriculture and Food, and as its pro-vice-chancellor between 1986 and his nominal retirement in 1990. He furthermore served as a governor of the Royal Agricultural College between 1982 and 1988, and was President of the Institute of Biology from 1992 to 1994. As well as publishing over 200 academic papers, Spedding wrote or edited a total of 19 books both during and after his academic career, on subjects as diverse as farming, garden wildlife and proverbs. He was appointed CBE in 1988, and knighted in the 1994 New Year Honours.

## Animal welfare advocacy

Spedding founded or chaired numerous animal welfare and organic certification organisations, including the Farm Animal Welfare Council, Assured Food Standards, the National Equine Forum, the Apple and Pear Research Council and the UK Register of Organic Food Standards. While heading the Farm Animal Welfare Council in the 1990s, he presided over the development of five key tenets of animal welfare: "freedom from hunger and thirst; from discomfort; from pain and disease; from fear; and freedom to express normal behaviour".

## Personal life

Spedding married Betsy George in 1952. They had two sons and a daughter before Betsy's death in 1988; one of their sons predeceased Spedding. Spedding was a keen gardener, and kept a three-acre garden at his home in Berkshire, which he often opened to local schoolchildren for the study of wildlife. He died in December 2012, aged 87.
# Purdue State Bank

The Purdue State Bank Building is a historic structure in West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, designed by American architect and Frank Lloyd Wright's mentor Louis Sullivan. Completed in 1914, the bank is the smallest and least expensive of Sullivan's "Jewel Boxes", a series of Midwestern banks designed in the modern style at the end of his career. Built on a tiny, trapezoidal lot between two streets, the structure is less ornamental than most of the architect's other work, including only a few terra cotta panels. The building cost $14,600 to be constructed, of which only about 10% was paid to Sullivan, barely covering his expenses. A local paper at the time referred to Sullivan as "one of the most noted bank architects in the United States".
During the 1950s, a stone portion was added to the back of the building and the original doorway was converted into a window and then an ATM. The building is located one block from Purdue University and currently houses a branch of Chase bank.
# Wake District, Ehime

Wake (和気郡, Wake-gun) was a district located in central Iyo Province (Ehime Prefecture). Due to the 1878 Land Reforms, the district merged with Onsen District and the district dissolved.