OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Saint George Gingerland Parish

Saint George Gingerland, also known as Marketshop. St George parish in the southeastern part of the island of Nevis, Leeward Islands, West Indies. It is one of five parishes on the island, and has a total population of about 2,500. The five parishes, in combination with the nine parishes of St. Kitts, make up the fourteen administrative parishes of the two-island Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis.
The parish is commonly referred to as Gingerland, and is named after the valuable ginger crop that used to be grown there. The Anglican parish church of Saint George is located within the main village of Market Shop, and Gingerland also encompasses numerous other villages such as Chicken Stone, Zetlands and Zion. Gingerland is one of the most populous parishes on Nevis, primarily because the higher parts of the parish have fertile soil and good rainfall. The parish is on the windward side of the island (meaning that it faces into the trade winds). Many of the villages in Gingerland are situated at an altitude of nearly 1,000 feet (over 300 meters), making them considerably cooler than coastal villages (especially at night).
Gingerland supplies most of Nevis with fresh fruits and vegetables. The farms are mostly small holdings, where crops are grown for private consumption and for sale. The livestock include sheep and goats, which wander and graze freely; and pigs, cows and horses, which are either fenced or tethered. Feral donkeys roam freely. On the coast around Indian Castle, fishing is important economically.
Tourism is an important industry in Gingerland. The main buildings of hotels such as Old Manor (now closed) and Golden Rock Estate were originally sugarcane plantation "great houses", and some of the other plantation buildings, including the old windmills, have been turned into guest suites or dining areas. A third plantation hotel in the parish is Montpelier Plantation, which is situated not far from the Botanic Garden. The island's racetrack is located in the area near Red Cliff, and the well-attended Nevis horse races take place at approximately monthly intervals.
# Saint Placid's School and College

Saint Placid's School and College (SPSC) is a Catholic secondary school run by the Congregation of Holy Cross in Chittagong, Bangladesh. It was founded by the Anglo Belgian Benedictines in 1853. As of 2022, it had a faculty of 68 to teach more than 3000 students.

## History

The school was founded in 1853 as Bandel Catholic Free School by the Anglo Belgian Benedictines. Two years later it was transferred to the Congregation of Holy Cross. It was renamed St. Placid's School in 1883, after a Benedictine Saint of the 6th century.
Saint Placid's is one of many English medium schools that were started by Christian missionaries during the time of the British rule. The schools were used to educate the Christian community of the regions they served to give them the advantages of education in the British ruled Indian subcontinent. They were also used to promote the conversion of people to Christianity especially from the poor who saw the schools as an added benefit for their children. Throughout their history though, these schools also took in students who were the children of the wealthy who could afford the fees that were charged to non-Christians. These students may have formed the majority and also provided income to the schools. After independence, the schools remained and adapted to the new countries they served (India, Pakistan and later Bangladesh as it became independent of Pakistan). They catered more and more to the children of the emerging middle class and also had a secular public front that was aligned with the religious sensitivities of the local people. At St. Placid's in the 1960s for example, the day started with the national anthem at assembly and when the students reached their "home room" they recited the Lord's Prayer, which was deemed consistent with both Muslim and Christian beliefs.
Throughout recent history, the success of such schools was due in part to what the educated classes saw as the failure of the public education system. St. Placid's as well as similar schools filled the gap between what was seen by the educated and affluent members of society as the best education for obtaining the most desirable jobs in the government and business, and what the public education offered.
As of 2015, Principal Prodip Louis Rozario heads 68 teachers instructing 2,505 pupils.

## Curriculum

St. Placid's School and College converted to Bengali medium shortly after the country became independent Bangladesh.

## Extracurricular activities

St. Placid's scout troop was founded in 1923 and was three times national champion. St. Placid's basketball team was national champion in 2009. It became national champion again in 2015, 2020 and 2022.

## Notable alumni

* Asif Iqbal - lyricist, music composer and corporate personality
* Shantanu Biswas (25 October 1954 – 12 July 2019), dramatist, playwright, singer-songwriter
* Abdul Mannan, Chairman, University Grants Commission of Bangladesh (2015-2019)
* Aftab Ahmad, Vice-Chancellor, National University, Bangladesh (2003-2005)
* Saifuzzaman Chowdhury Javed, Member Parliament, Minister, Government of Bangladesh
# Aname barrema

Aname barrema is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Anamidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1985 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in south-east Queensland.
# Chief Justice of Indonesia

Chief Justice of Indonesia may refer to:
* Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia
* Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia
# Chicago and West Michigan Railway

The Chicago and West Michigan Railway (C&WM) is a defunct railroad which operated in the state of Michigan between 1881 and 1899. It was one of the three companies which merged to become the Pere Marquette Railway.
The C&WM was formed on October 1, 1881, through the consolidation of the Chicago and West Michigan Railroad, the Grand Rapids, Newaygo and Lake Shore Railroad, the Grand Haven Railroad and the Indiana and Michigan Railroad.

## Network

At its creation in 1881, the C&WM controlled the following lines, comprising 353.6 miles (569.1 km):
| Line | Length | Original company | Notes |
| New Buffalo–Holland–Muskegon–Pentwater | 169.5 miles (272.8 km) | Chicago & West Michigan (C&WM) and Grand Haven (GH) | |
| Holland–Grand Rapids–White Cloud | 70 miles (110 km) | C&WM and Grand Rapids, Newaygo & Lake Shore (GRN&LS) | |
| Allegan–Holland | 23 miles (37 km) | GH | |
| Muskegon–Big Rapids | 51.2 miles (82.4 km) | GH | |
| Mears–Hart | 3.3 miles (5.3 km) | C&WM | Branched south of Pentwater |
| Fruitport–Muskegon | 13.5 miles (21.7 km) | Grand Rapids & Lake Shore (C&MLS) | |
| White Cloud–Bitely | 17 miles (27 km) | White River (WR) | Leased |
The C&WM's first new line was a 37-mile (60 km) extension south from New Buffalo to La Crosse, Indiana, which opened in November 1882. In 1884 the C&WM bought the White River Railroad, which it had previously leased, which controlled a 29.86-mile (48.06 km) line from White Cloud to Baldwin (where it joined the Flint & Pere Marquette). In 1890 the C&WM extended the line north from Baldwin another 74 miles (119 km) to Traverse City. On February 28, 1891, the C&WM created the Chicago and North Michigan to extend the line an additional 78.5 miles (126.3 km) to Bay View, a task it completed on July 17, 1892; the company also built a 9.8-mile (15.8 km) branch line from Williamsburg to Elk Rapids.$^{:42–43}$$^{:49}$
In 1897 the C&WM entered into an arrangement with William Alden Smith to construct a railway line southeast from Rapid City through Kalkaska to northern Missaukee County. Alden's company, the Grand Rapids, Kalkaska and Southeastern Railroad, completed the road in 1898 and was leased by the C&WM starting the next year. The C&WM's successor, the Pere Marquette, formally consolidated the GRK&S in 1903.
In 1899 the C&WM consolidated with the Flint and Pere Marquette Railway and the Detroit, Grand Rapids and Western Railroad to form the Pere Marquette Railway. However, the conveyance of the Indiana property was later declared invalid, and the C&WM continued to exist as a non-operating subsidiary in that state until March 12, 1917, at the same time as the Pere Marquette Railway took over the Pere Marquette Railroad.
Today, only the lines from New Buffalo to Holland, Holland to Hamilton, Grand Rapids to Ludington, Walhalla to Manistee, and Grawn to Williamsburg remain in use, with the rest of the track torn out, most of it being dismantled between 1982 and 1983 when the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway abandoned a lot of its former C&WM trackage.
# Anarchy Alive!

Anarchy Alive!: Anti-Authoritarian Politics from Practice to Theory is a book by Uri Gordon that investigates anarchist theory and practice. An expanded reworking of the author's PhD thesis at the University of Oxford, the book was released by Pluto Press, a London-based radical publisher, in November 2007. It is presented as "an anarchist book about anarchism", and assumes some background knowledge and sympathy for anarchism on the part of the reader. Gordon considers his approach in the book to have many commonalities with that of anthropologist David Graeber, author of Fragments of an Anarchist Anthropology.

## Contents

Anarchy Alive! was not designed to further debates about the finer points of anarchist theory within academia, nor as a history of ideas, but rather to serve as a tool for activists trying to engage with theory—leading anarchist scholar Alex Prichard to characterise it as "a user’s manual for anarchist activism". It is divided into six chapters, addressing anarchism as a political culture, anarchism as an ideology, anarchist forms of organisation and power, anarchism and violence, anarchism and technology, and anarchism and nationalism (through the case study of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict).

## Reception

Anarchy Alive! was favourably reviewed in journals including Anarchy: A Journal of Desire Armed, New International and Anarchist Studies. Reviewing the book in Anarchist Studies, Alex Prichard predicted that "not only will Anarchy Alive! become required reading in the anarchist movement, but it will have a sizeable impact on the academy … this will be a defining text in anarchist circles for the next few years at the very least". Richard Swift, in a review for New International, called the book "a short and thoughtful account", and granted it a four-out-out-of-four star rating. The CrimethInc. collective recommended the work for its analysis of power and authority in an anarchist context. Freedom reviewer Tom Jennings dissented, calling into question the theoretical coherence of the book. Another critical view came from the Socialist Standard, which although conceding that the book was "well-written and can be read on a know-your-opponent basis", denounced the book for its anarchist critique of representative democracy.
# Australaglaspis

Australaglaspis stoneyensis is an aglaspid that superficially resembles a horseshoe crab, or trilobite. It is known from Idamean-aged strata (Late Cambrian) at Stoney Point in north-west Tasmania.
# Frontier Communications West Coast

Frontier Communications West Coast, Inc. was a local telephone operating company owned by Frontier Communications through Frontier Communications Northwest serving the area around Crescent City, in Del Norte County, California.
It was founded in 1928 as the New West Coast Telephone Company. It later changed its name to West Coast Telephone Company of California, Inc., and was most recently known as Verizon West Coast, Inc. until 2010.
Upon its sale to Frontier Communications, the company gained its last name, Frontier Communications West Coast, Inc.
It was merged into Citizens Telecommunications Company of California in 2013.
# Russell J. Donnelly

Russell James Donnelly (born 16 April 1930 in Hamilton, Ontario, died 13 June 2015 in Eugene, Oregon) was a Canadian-American physicist known for his work on classical and quantum fluid dynamics. He connected the fields of low temperature physics and fluid turbulence.

## Life

Donnelly graduated from McMaster University with a bachelor's degree in 1951 and a master's degree in 1952. In 1956 he received his doctorate from Yale University, with a thesis entitled "On the hydrodynamics of liquid helium". His doctoral advisers were the noted physicists C. T. Lane and Lars Onsager. His PhD work demonstrated that the oscillations of liquid helium in a U-tube at a low temperature could be described by two-phase liquid theory.
In 1956 he became an instructor and later professor at the James Franck Institute at the University of Chicago, where he worked with S. Chandrasekhar and Dave Fultz. From 1959 - 1963 he was Sloan Fellow. In 1966 he moved to the University of Oregon, where it was possible for both himself and his wife, art historian Marian Donnelly, to hold positions. He eventually served twice as department chair at the University of Oregon. In 1972 he worked at the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen. He was also a visiting professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara and the University of Birmingham. He was a consultant at NASA and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
During his life he advised 25 PhD students, and mentored many others, including future Nobel prize winner David Lee. He died from pneumonia on 13 June 2015 in Eugene, Oregon.

## Honors

* 2002, Fritz London Memorial Prize, International Union of Pure and Applied Physics
* 2001, Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
* 2001, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
* 1999, Honorary doctorate, McMaster University
* 1996, Lars Onsager Medal, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
* 1975, Otto Laporte Award, Division of Fluid Dynamics, American Physical Society
* 1963, Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS)
* Fellow of the Institute of Physics
# The Punch Tavern

The Punch Tavern is a Grade II listed public house at 98–100 Fleet Street, Holborn, London.
The pub previously on this site was called the Crown and Sugar Loaf, but was renamed as the Punch Tavern in the 1840s, as Punch magazine had its office nearby at that end of Fleet Street. It was rebuilt by the architects Saville and Martin in two phases, first the main part area of the pub and its Fleet Street frontage in 1894–95, and then its Bride Lane frontage with a "Luncheon Bar" behind in 1896–97.
# Værlandet

Værlandet is an island in Askvoll Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 9-square-kilometre (3.5 sq mi) island lies immediately east of the Bulandet island group. The island of Alden lies about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) northeast of Værlandet. The island lies about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west of the mainland coast of Askvoll, and it is only accessible by boat. There is a regular ferry route connecting Værlandet to the mainland village of Askvoll. There is a series of bridges that connect Værlandet to the islands of Bulandet to the west. Værlandet Chapel is located on the island. In 2001, there were about 200 residents on the islands. The Værlandet LORAN-C transmitter was located on the island, but demolished on 19 Sep 2017.
# Anthia oberthuri

Anthia oberthuri is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Anthiinae. It was described by Obst in 1906.
# 1997 Páginas Amarillas Open

The 1997 Páginas Amarillas Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Madrid in Spain that was part of Tier III of the 1997 WTA Tour. It was the second edition of the tournament and was held from May 19 through May 24, 1997. Jana Novotná won the singles title.

## Winners
### Women's singles

Jana Novotná defeated Monica Seles 7–5, 6–1
* It was Novotná's 4th title of the year and the 80th of her career.

### Women's doubles

Mary Joe Fernández / Arantxa Sánchez Vicario defeated Inés Gorrochategui / Irina Spîrlea 6–3, 6–2
* It was Fernández's 3rd title of the year and the 26th of her career. It was Sánchez Vicario's 3rd title of the year and the 76th of her career.
# 1997 Punjab provincial election

Provincial Assembly elections were held in Punjab, Pakistan on 3 February 1997 to elect all 240 members of the Provincial Assembly of Punjab, Pakistan along with nationwide general elections and three other provincial elections in Sindh, Balochistan, and North-West Frontier Province. The elections were held as a result of dismissal of Benazir Bhutto's second government by President Farooq Leghari in November 1996. After which, a caretaker government was inducted in Punjab under Mian muhammad Afzal Hayat, a former member of Punjab Assembly, as the Caretaker Chief Minister.

## Results

The Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) achieved a landslide victory by securing 211 out of 240 seats, leaving their primary competitor, the Pakistan Peoples Party, far behind with just 3 seats at third place while the Independent candidates won 21 seats finishing second.
| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | 6,608,784 | 53.22 | 211 | +106 |
| | Pakistan Peoples Party | 2,557,786 | 20.60 | 3 | -90 |
| | Pakistan Muslim League (J) | 175,171 | 1.41 | 2 | −16 |
| | Pakistan Democratic Party | 50,026 | 0.40 | 1 | New |
| | Muslim Ittehad Pakistan | 27,378 | 0.22 | 1 | New |
| | Others | 440,663 | 3.55 | 0 | – |
| | Independents | 2,557,786 | 20.60 | 21 | +3 |
| Total | Total | 12,417,594 | 100.00 | 239 | 0 |
| Source: Election Pakistan ||||||

## Aftermath

After the elections, Shehbaz Sharif assumed the role of Chief Minister of Punjab on February 20, 1997. His appointment to this position came about as a result of receiving 226 votes during the assembly vote, which lead to the formation of a supermajority government.
# Palais Wilczek

Palais Wilczek is a palace in Vienna, Austria. It was owned by the noble Wilczek family. The palace, as it stands now, was built on the site of the former Brassican family palace some time between 1722 and 1737. The construction is attributed to Anton Johann Ospel [de]. In 1728 the palace came into the possession of Lower Austrian Landmarschall [de] Carl Ignaz Lempruch. The Wilczek family came into possession of the palace in 1825.
The palace is located between Palais Herberstein and Palais Modena. Franz Grillparzer and Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff have both lived there.
# Palais Trautson

Palais Trautson is a Baroque palace in Vienna, Austria, located at Museumstraße 7. It was once owned by the noble Trautson family.

## History

The land on which the palace is built originally belonged to Countess Maria Margareta Trautson in 1657 and consisted of a small house and a vineyard. After the Battle of Vienna, During repairs Johann Leopold Donat von Trautson, the prince of Troutson, commissioned Christian Alexander Oedtl to build the palace in 1712. Oedtl used designs by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach. In 1760, the palace was bought by Empress Maria Theresa of Austria for 40,000 Guilders, who then gave the palace to the Hungarian Guard. The Hungarian Guard converted the palace's garden to a riding school and the orangery to the stables. Since 1920, the Hungarian Historical Institute in Vienna, and since 1924 the Collegium Hungaricum were headquartered in the palace. In 1961, the Hungarian government sold the palace.
# 1997 Malta Grand Prix

The 1997 Rothmans Malta Grand Prix was the fourth edition of the professional invitational snooker tournament, which took place from 30 October to 2 November 1997. The tournament was played at the Jerma Palace Hotel in Marsaskala, Malta.
Ken Doherty won the title, defeating John Higgins 7–5 in the final.

## Main draw

| Quarter-finals Best of 9 frames | Quarter-finals Best of 9 frames | Quarter-finals Best of 9 frames | Semi-finals Best of 11 frames | Semi-finals Best of 11 frames | Semi-finals Best of 11 frames | Final Best of 13 frames | Final Best of 13 frames | Final Best of 13 frames |
| 1 | Ken Doherty | 5 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Joe Grech | 4 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Joe Grech | 4 | Ken Doherty | Ken Doherty | 6 | | | |
| | | | Tony Drago | Tony Drago | 2 | | | |
| 4 | Tony Drago | 5 | Tony Drago | Tony Drago | 2 | | | |
| 5 | Alain Robidoux | 1 | | | | | | |
| 5 | Alain Robidoux | 1 | | | | Ken Doherty | Ken Doherty | 7 |
| | | | | | | John Higgins | John Higgins | 5 |
| 2 | John Higgins | 5 | | | | | | | John Higgins | John Higgins | 5 |
| 7 | Nigel Bond | 4 | | | | | | |
| 7 | Nigel Bond | 4 | John Higgins | John Higgins | 6 | | | |
| | | | Alex Borg | Alex Borg | 4 | | | |
| 3 | Alex Borg | 5 | Alex Borg | Alex Borg | 4 | | | |
| 6 | Mark Williams | 3 | | | | | | |
# 1997 Malta Open darts

1997 Malta Open is a darts tournament, which took place in Malta in 1997.

## Results

| Round | Player |
| Winner | George Trypiniotis |
| Final | Godfrey Abela |
| Semi-finals | Colin Rice |
| Semi-finals | Ted Hankey |
| Quarter-finals | Bernd Hebecker |
| Quarter-finals | Andy Keen |
| Quarter-finals | Sean Palfrey |
| Quarter-finals | Andreas Krockel |
# Pairwise testing

Pairwise testing may refer to:
* All-pairs testing
* Pairwise comparison
# Palmira, Colón

Palmira is a corregimiento in Santa Isabel District, Colón Province, Panama with a population of 319 as of 2010. Its population as of 1990 was 313; its population as of 2000 was 458.
# Panorpa anomala

Panorpa anomala is a species of common scorpionfly in the family Panorpidae. It is found in North America.
# 1999 European Athletics U23 Championships – Women's 5000 metres

The women's 5000 metres event at the 1999 European Athletics U23 Championships was held in Göteborg, Sweden, at Ullevi on 31 July 1999.

## Medalists

| Gold | Katalin Szentgyörgyi Hungary |
| Silver | Cristina Iloc Romania |
| Bronze | Olivera Jevtić Yugoslavia |

## Results
### Final

31 July
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | Katalin Szentgyörgyi | Hungary | 15:18.80 | CR |
| | Cristina Iloc | Romania | 15:22.64 | |
| | Olivera Jevtić | Yugoslavia | 15:24.83 | |
| 4 | Mónica Rosa | Portugal | 15:43.22 | |
| 5 | Ionela Bungardean | Romania | 15:45.15 | |
| 6 | Sylvia Nussbeck | Germany | 15:49.99 | |
| 7 | Rosaria Console | Italy | 15:51.35 | |
| 8 | Susanne Wigene | Norway | 15:56.03 | |
| 9 | Alessandra Aguilar | Spain | 16:03.75 | |
| 10 | Jilly Ingman | Great Britain | 16:04.47 | |
| 11 | Judit Plá | Spain | 16:11.67 | |
| 12 | Melanie Schulz | Germany | 16:14.32 | |
| 13 | Amy Waterlow | Great Britain | 16:23.10 | |
| 14 | Alemitu Çolakoğlu-Bekele | Turkey | 16:25.54 | |
| | Petrine Holm | Denmark | DNF | |
| | Katie Skorupska | Great Britain | DNF | |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 16 athletes from 11 countries participated in the event.
* Denmark (1)
* Germany (2)
* Hungary (1)
* Great Britain (3)
* Italy (1)
* Norway (1)
* Portugal (1)
* Romania (2)
* Spain (2)
* Turkey (1)
* Yugoslavia (1)
# Panyam mandal

Panyam mandal is one of the 29 mandals in Nandyal district of the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. It is under the administration of Nandyal revenue division, and the headquarters are located at Panyam.