OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Federico Buffa

Federico Buffa (born 28 July 1959 in Milan) is an Italian journalist, writer and television sportscaster.
He studied sociology at UCLA Summer Session in 1978. In 1984, he started as sportive journalist for the matches disputed by Pallacanestro Olimpia Milano basket team and, from the 7h championship game, he shared the microphone together with the Italian journalist Flavio Tranquillo.
In 1986 he graduated in Law at the University of Milan with a dissertation on the sports employment contracts. In the same year he become a professional journalist and wrote his first article for Italian Magazine "Superbasket" (which has been published on September's Number). Two years later he began working as basketball agent and started his career as NBA's commentator for Italian TV. Since May 2014 he directed the ten-episode program titled Federico Buffa racconta Storie Mondiali ("Federico Buffa tells World Cup Stories") which was aired on Sky Sport TV.
He still works as journalist for Sky Sport Italia and Milan Channel.

## Works

* Black Jesus. Un grande viaggio nel basket americano in 23+1 fermate. Libri di Sport. 2002. ISBN 978-88-87676-10-5.
* Black Jesus. The anthology. Libri di Sport. 2005. ISBN 978-88-87676-68-6.
# Quadraceps

Quadraceps is a genus of louse. They are ectoparasites of birds in the order Charadriiformes, and the genus was circumscribed in 1939 by Theresa Clay and Richard Meinertzhagen. Infestation is believed to increase the rate of nest desertion, lowers the success rate of baby birds hatching, reduces the number of birds in the clutch, and cause birds to attract fewer mates. All in all, the survival of the nestlings is lowered drastically.

## Species

Species include:
* Quadraceps charadrii (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Quadraceps hopkinsi Timmermann, 1952
* Quadraceps neoaustralis Emerson & Price, 1986
* Quadraceps separatus (Kellogg & Kuwana, 1902)
# Mersal (disambiguation)

Mersal is a 2017 Tamil language action thriller film.
Mersal may also refer to:

## Arts

* Mersal (soundtrack), a soundtrack to the 2017 film
* Mersal al-Gharam, a 2004 Syrian novel by Fawwaz Haddad, also known as The Love Messenger

## People

* Iman Mersal (born 1966), Egyptian poet
* Hatem Mersal (born 1975), Egyptian former long jumper
* Mahmoud Mersal (born 1940), Egyptian former Olympic boxer
* Ragab Mersal (born 1945), Egyptian former Olympic table tennis sport
* Nafi Mersal (born 1960), Egyptian sprinter

## Other uses

* Mersalyl, an organomercury compound used as drug
# Donghai Subdistrict, Tianjin

Donghai Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 东海街道; traditional Chinese: 東海街道; pinyin: Dōnghǎi Jiēdào) is a subdistrict in the southeast corner of Hexi District, Tianjin, China. It shares border with Chentangzhuang Subdistrict in the north and east, Taihu Road Subdistrict in the south, and Jianshan Subdistrict in the west. Its population was 80,013 as of the 2020 census.
The subdistrict's name Donghai literally means "East Sea".

## History

Timetable of Donghai Subdistrict :
| Year | Status | Belong to |
| 1981 - 1992 | Zhujiangdao Subdistrict | Hexi District, Tianjin |
| 1992 - 1994 | Zhujiangdao Subdistrict Sanshuidao Subdistrict | Hexi District, Tianjin |
| 1994 - present | Donghai Subdistrict | Hexi District, Tianjin |

## Administrative divisions

In 2021, Donghai Subdistrict was divided into 12 residential communities. They are listed as follows:
| Subdivision Names | Name Transliterations |
| 云江新苑 | Yunjiang Xinyuan |
| 兰江新苑 | Lanjiang Xinyuan |
| 龙江里 | Longjiangli |
| 川江里 | Chuanjiangli |
| 华江里第一 | Huajiangli Diyi |
| 华江里第二 | Huajiangli Di'er |
| 松江里 | Songjangli |
| 粤江里 | Yuejiangli |
| 桂江里 | Guijiangli |
| 三水南里 | Sanshui Nanli |
| 汉江里 | Hanjiangli |
| 儒林园 | Rulinyuan |
# Poisson scatter theorem

In probability theory, The Poisson scatter theorem describes a probability model of random scattering. It implies that the number of points in a fixed region will follow a Poisson distribution.

## Statement

Let there exist a chance process realized by a set of points (called hits) over a bounded region $K\in \mathbb {R} ^{2}$ such that:
    1) There are only a finite number of hits over the entire region K.
    2) There are no multiple hits at a single point.
    3) There is homogeneity and independence among the hits. i.e. For any non-overlapping subregions $B_{1},\ldots ,B_{k}\in K$, $k\geq 2$, the numbers of hits in these regions are independent.
In any region B, let N$_B$ be the number of hits in B. Then there exists a positive constant $\lambda$ such that for each subregion $B\in K$, N$_B$ has a Poisson distribution with parameter $\lambda |B|$, where $|B|$ is the area of B (remember that this is $\mathbb {R} ^{2}$, in other measure spaces, $|B|$ could mean different things, i.e. length in $\mathbb {R}$). In addition, for any non-overlapping regions $B_{1},\ldots ,B_{k}$, the random variables $N_{B_{1}},\ldots ,N_{B_{k}}$ are independent from one another.
The positive constant $\lambda$ is called the intensity parameter, and is equivalent to the number of hits in a unit area of K.
    Proof: $E(N_{B})/|B|=\lambda |B|/|B|=\lambda$
Also,
    $P({\text{ one hit in B }})=\lambda |B|e^{-\lambda |B|}\rightarrow \lambda |B|{\text{ as }}|B|\rightarrow 0$
While the statement of the theorem here is limited to $\mathbb {R} ^{2}$, the theorem can be generalized to any-dimensional space. Some calculations change depending on the space that the points are scattered in (as is mentioned above), but the general assumptions and outcomes still hold.

## Example

Consider raindrops falling on a rooftop. The rooftop is the region $K\in \mathbb {R} ^{2}$, while the raindrops can be considered the hits of our system. It is reasonable to assume that the number of raindrops that fall in any particular region of the rooftop follows a poisson distribution. The Poisson Scatter Theorem, states that if one was to subdivide the rooftops into k disjoint sub-regions, then the number of raindrops that hits a particular region $B_{i}$ with intensity $\lambda _{i}$ of the rooftop is independent from the number of raindrops that hit any other subregion. Suppose that 2000 raindrops fall in 1000 subregions of the rooftop, randomly. The expected number of raindrops per subregion would be 2. So the distribution of the number of raindrops on the whole rooftop is Poisson with intensity parameter 2. The distribution of the number of raindrops falling on 1/5 of the rooftop is Poisson with intensity parameter 2/5.
Due to the reproductive property of the Poisson distribution, k independent random scatters on the same region can superimpose to produce a random scatter that follows a poisson distribution with parameter $(\lambda _{1}+\lambda _{2}+\cdots +\lambda _{k})$.
# Breath (Breaking Benjamin song)

"Breath" is a song by American rock band Breaking Benjamin. It was released in January 2007 as the second single from their third album, Phobia. It was the band's fourth charted song on the US Hot 100 overall, and the second from Phobia. Although "Breath" failed to capture the pop success of "The Diary of Jane" at No. 50 where "Breath" hit No. 84 on the Billboard Hot 100, it was more successful on the rock charts where it hit No. 1 on the US Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, making it Breaking Benjamin's first number-one hit, staying there for seven weeks where "The Diary of Jane" hit No. 2 and it also hit No. 3 on the US Modern Rock Tracks chart, tying with "So Cold" as their highest-charting single on the chart where "The Diary of Jane" hit No. 4. The single was certified double platinum by the RIAA in August 24, 2022.

## Versions

The original version is the "Breath" off Phobia, which is 3:38 long. "Breath" also has a radio edit, which can be heard over public radio. The edit was mixed by Ian van Dahl. "Breath" was No. 6 on the top 40 mix edit charts of May 2008, it is 3:13 long. Generally, most active rock, mainstream rock and alternative rock stations still play the original version as of today. There is also another version of "Breath", but in a classical version. It is a cover song by Vitamin String Quartet and it's on the album Strung Out – The String Quartet Tribute to Hard Rock Hits, Vol. 4, which can be found on iTunes.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Benjamin Burnley and Mark Klepaski

## Critical reception

Chuck Taylor of Billboard reviewed the song favorably, stating that its "foot-tapping beats and accessible melody are better appreciated when separated from its closely related siblings." He went on to say that the song has a "solid midtempo pace that peaks with another one of the band's climactic choruses."

## Charts

| Chart (2007) | Peak position |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 87 |
| Canada Rock (Billboard) | 8 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 84 |
| US Alternative Airplay (Billboard) | 3 |
| US Mainstream Rock (Billboard) | 1 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | 2× Platinum | 2,000,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Ložina

Ložina (pronounced) is a settlement in the Haloze Hills in the Municipality of Podlehnik in eastern Slovenia, right on the border with Croatia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
# 2019 European Athletics Indoor Championships – Women's long jump

The women's long jump event at the 2019 European Athletics Indoor Championships was held on 2 March at 10:00 (qualification) and 3 March at 18:00 (final) local time.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Ivana Španović Serbia | Nastassia Mironchyk-Ivanova Belarus | Maryna Bekh-Romanchuk Ukraine |

## Records

Standing records prior to the 2019 European Athletics Indoor Championships :
| World record | Heike Drechsler (GDR) | 7.37 | Vienna, Austria | 13 February 1988 |
| European record | Heike Drechsler (GDR) | 7.37 | Vienna, Austria | 13 February 1988 |
| Championship record | Heike Drechsler (GDR) | 7.30 | Budapest, Hungary | 5 March 1988 |
| World Leading | Malaika Mihambo (GER) | 6.99 | Berlin, Germany | 1 February 2019 |
| European Leading | Malaika Mihambo (GER) | 6.99 | Berlin, Germany | 1 February 2019 |

## Results
### Qualification

Qualification: Qualifying performance 6.65 (Q) or at least 8 best performers (q) advance to the Final
| Rank | Athlete | Nationality | #1 | #2 | #3 | Result | Note |
| 1 | Ivana Španović | Serbia | 6.79 | | | 6.79 | Q |
| 2 | Maryna Bekh-Romanchuk | Ukraine | 6.57 | 6.78 | | 6.78 | Q |
| 3 | Nastassia Mironchyk-Ivanova | Belarus | 6.77 | | | 6.77 | Q, SB |
| 4 | Malaika Mihambo | Germany | 6.74 | | | 6.74 | Q |
| 5 | Tania Vicenzino | Italy | 6.51 | 6.68 | | 6.68 | Q, PB |
| 6 | Alina Rotaru | Romania | 6.45 | 6.66 | | 6.66 | Q |
| 7 | Florentina Costina Iușco | Romania | 6.52 | 6.45 | – | 6.52 | q, SB |
| 8 | Abigail Irozuru | Great Britain | 6.45 | 6.32 | 6.50 | 6.50 | q |
| 9 | Fátima Diame | Spain | 6.25 | x | 6.46 | 6.46 | |
| 10 | Māra Grīva | Latvia | 6.37 | x | 6.41 | 6.41 | =PB |
| 11 | Milica Gardašević | Serbia | 6.30 | x | 6.41 | 6.41 | |
| 12 | Laura Strati | Italy | 6.35 | x | 6.40 | 6.40 | |
| 13 | Éloyse Lesueur-Aymonin | France | 6.22 | 6.37 | 6.31 | 6.37 | |
| 14 | Jahisha Thomas | Great Britain | 6.33 | 6.20 | 6.34 | 6.34 | |
| 15 | Lauma Grīva | Latvia | 6.34 | 6.29 | 6.16 | 6.34 | |
| 16 | Hafdís Sigurðardóttir | Iceland | 6.34 | 6.29 | 6.16 | 6.34 | |
| 17 | Anasztázia Nguyen | Hungary | x | 6.28 | x | 6.28 | |
| 17 | Jazmin Sawyers | Great Britain | x | x | 6.28 | 6.28 | |
| | Hanne Maudens | Belgium | | | | DNS | |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Nationality | #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | #6 | Result | Note |
| | Ivana Španovic | Serbia | 6.90 | 6.72 | 6.80 | 6.78 | 6.99 | – | 6.99 | =WL |
| | Nastassia Mironchyk-Ivanova | Belarus | 6.93 | x | 6.89 | 6.77 | x | x | 6.93 | PB |
| | Maryna Bekh-Romanchuk | Ukraine | x | x | 6.63 | 6.84 | 6.75 | 6.62 | 6.84 | |
| 4 | Malaika Mihambo | Germany | 6.82 | x | x | 6.83 | x | x | 6.83 | |
| 5 | Alina Rotaru | Romania | 6.36 | x | 6.64 | 6.57 | x | 6.59 | 6.64 | |
| 6 | Tania Vicenzino | Italy | 6.42 | 6.01 | 6.40 | 6.41 | 6.58 | 6.50 | 6.58 | |
| 7 | Abigail Irozuru | Great Britain | 6.41 | x | 6.50 | x | 6.37 | 6.35 | 6.50 | |
| 8 | Florentina Costina Iușco | Romania | x | x | 6.39 | 6.28 | 6.49 | x | 6.49 | |
# Felice Benasedo

Felice Giuseppe Benasedo (6 May 1922 - 10 January 2016) was a former Italian Grand Prix motorcycle road racer from Italy. He had his best season in 1950 when he finished in seventh place in the 125cc world championship.

## Career statistics
### By season

| Season | Class | Motorcycle | Race | Win | Podium | Pole | FLap | Pts | Plcd |
| 1950 | 125cc | MV Agusta | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7th |
| Total | | | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
# Admiralty Navy War Council

The Admiralty Navy War Council was a temporary war planning and naval strategy advising committee of the Admiralty established in October, 1909 under Admiral Fisher it existed until 1911 when it was later replaced by the Admiralty War Staff.

## History

In May 1909, the Director of Naval Intelligence, Rear-Admiral Alexander E. Bethell, submitted a written report for the creation of a "Navy War Council" following the outcome of the Beresford Inquiry and recommendations that followed; it was to be made up of the following personnel: the First Sea Lord as president; the Director of Naval Intelligence acting as vice-president; an "Assistant Director for War"; the President, and the Captain of the Royal Naval War College; the Naval Assistant to the First Sea Lord. The head of the War Division of the Naval Intelligence Department's and the Commander of the Royal Naval War College acting as Joint Secretaries. Other Admiralty department heads could be summoned, to act as members of the council as and when their expertise was required. Its role acted as a precursor to the establishment of a professional naval staff function; it would initially devise on naval war plans, and also given an advisory role on naval strategy matters The council held a series of nine meetings between 13 October 1909 and 10 June 1911 before it was abolished and replaced by the Admiralty War Staff in January 1912.

## Council members

The Council had of four members, including
* First Sea Lord, and President of the War Council and Chief of Staff.
* Director of Naval Intelligence.
* Director of Naval Mobilisation.
* Secretary of the Navy War Council who was the Assistant Secretary to the Admiralty.
# Tommaso Tommasina

Tommaso Tommasina (Novara, Piedmont, November 26, 1855 - 1935) was an Italian painter and sculptor.
He was resident in Rome and later in Suna on the shores of Lago Maggiore. After 1886, he moved to Geneva. He painted portraits and watercolours. At Turin, in 1880 and 1884, he exhibited a portrait of a woman. He also completed the following watercolours: Quel che avvenne poi and Mater dolorosa, and a bronzed stucco bust, titled: Civis romanus sum!
# Mersch District

The district of Mersch was one of the four districts of Luxembourg between 1857 and 1867. It took its name from its administrative centre, the town of Mersch, and contained the cantons of Mersch and Redange. It is the only district to have been created after the initial establishment, and was the only district to have been abolished before they all were in 2015.
The district was created on 30 May 1857. The canton of Mersch was taken from Luxembourg District, whilst Redange canton was taken from Diekirch District. However, this fourth district was abolished only ten years later, on 4 May 1867; the 1857 law was repealed, and the previous three districts were recreated as before.
The cantons and communes of Mersch district were:
* Mersch
** Bissen
** Boevange-sur-Attert
** Berg
** Fischbach
** Heffingen
** Larochette
** Lintgen
** Lorentzweiler
** Mersch
** Nommern
** Tuntange
* Redange
** Arsdorf
** Beckerich
** Bettborn
** Bigonville
** Ell
** Folschette
** Grosbous
** Perlé
** Redange
** Saeul
** Useldange
** Vichten

## Footnotes

* ↑ (in French and German) "Mémorial A, 1857, No. 16" (PDF). Service central de législation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2006-08-11.
* ↑ (in French and German) "Mémorial A, 1867, No. 17" (PDF). Service central de législation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2006-08-11.
* ↑ Name changed to 'Colmar-Berg' in 1991. "Memorial A, 1991, No. 25" (PDF) (in French). Service central de législation. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 17, 2005. Retrieved 2006-08-11.
* 1 2 3 4 Merged to form Rambrouch in 1979. "Mémorial A, 1978, No. 46" (PDF) (in French). Service central de législation. Retrieved 2006-08-11.
* ↑ Name changed to 'Préizerdaul' in 2001. "Mémorial A, 2001, No. 91" (PDF) (in French). Service central de législation. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 24, 2004. Retrieved 2006-08-11.
49°45′N 6°06′E﻿ / ﻿49.750°N 6.100°E﻿ / 49.750; 6.100
# The Parsonage (choir)

The Parsonage is a group of around 40 Glasgow based singers which was formed at the beginning of 2006 by Janis F. Murray.

## About the choir

The choir is named in honour of the country singer, Gram Parsons. The band describes themselves on their myspace page: "We are a non-religious, mixed sex, varied of age, determinedly independent and self defining organic group. Inspiration comes from the raw, storytelling simplicity of the folk, country and blues traditions." The choir practices at the Glasgow University Research Club.
Many of the band's famous songs are covers of well known popular music. The sound of a choir singing these popular tunes is quite distinctive. The sound is somewhat similar to that of The Langley Schools Music Project.

## Associated musicians

The choir claims strong influences by Gram Parsons and Hank Williams and plan their next album to be a tribute to these two. The Parsonage has done backing vocals for Rod Stewart at Hampden. They were involved with Echo & the Bunnymen's album The Fountain, released in 2009. Many of the choir members are well known local musicians from bands such as Foxface, Mother and the Addicts and Bricolage. The choir have played many Scottish festivals, and took part in the 2009 T in the Park festival in Balado, Scotland.

## Discography

* This Ain't No Lovey Dovey, EP was released December 2007 on Glasgow label OSScarr Records
# Ramdurg State

Ramdurg State was one of the Maratha princely states ruled by the Bhave family during the British Raj. It was administered as part of the Deccan States Agency of the Bombay Presidency, founded in 1799. It was one of the former states of the Southern Maratha Country and its capital was at Ramdurg.
Ramdurg State measured 438 square kilometers in area. According to the 1901 census, the population was 37,848.
# Chevron House

30 Raffles Place, formerly called Chevron House and Caltex House, is a high-rise skyscraper located in the central business district of Singapore. It is located on 30 Raffles Place, in the financial district of Raffles Place. The building is near several buildings and landmarks, such as Singapore Land Tower, 16 Collyer Quay, CIMB Plaza and The Arcade, all of which are less than 100 metres (110 yd) away. The development has direct underground access to Raffles Place MRT station. 16 Collyer Quay, a nearby neighbors of 30 Raffles Place, shares a four-level retail podium with the building.
30 Raffles Place has a total of 33 floors, excluding 3 basement levels, and it rises 152.0 metres (498.7 ft) above ground.

## History

30 Raffles Place was designed by Murphy/Jahn, Inc. Architects and Architects 61, and was completed in 1993, just one year after its next-door neighbour, 16 Collyer Quay. The other firms involved in the development are CapitaLand Commercial Limited, Savu Investments Private Limited, CapitaLand, Obayashi Gumi Corporation, Sendai Eversendai Engineering Group, Steen Consultants Private Limited, PCR Engineers Private Limited, Chevalier Group, PCR Engineers Private Limited, Rider Hunt Levett & Bailey, and Toshiba Elevator and Building Systems Corporation.

### Goldman Sachs acquisition

In September 2007, a Goldman Sachs-linked fund bought Chevron House, at a price of S$730 million. This equates to $2,780 per square foot ($29,924/m$^2$) of net lettable area. This is Goldman Sachs' second major acquisition of an office property in Singapore. It will allow CapitaLand to have a profit of about $150.8 million from the sale of its stake.
Before the sale, Chevron House was owned by several companies. CapitaLand, IP Property Fund Asia and NTUC Income Insurance Co-operative had a stake of 50 per cent, 25 per cent and 25 per cent respectively. A few months later, its neighbors 16 Collyer Quay was also bought by Goldman Sachs.

## Architecture

30 Raffles Place models the late-modernist architectural style, and is similar to that of Springleaf Tower and Hitachi Tower. It is mainly built out of aluminium, glass and steel. A distinctive glass rotunda and four-storey high portico is located at the entrance of the building. The rotunda motif is expressed on the roof, capped by radial louvres that provide shade. This strong feature that distincts the building from other skyscrapers in Raffles Place.

## Tenants

Major tenants of Chevron House includes Planet Fitness. Planet Fitness occupies 17,000 square feet (1,600 m$^2$) of space in the building. It is primarily used as a gym, and has a mezzanine interior with large windows.
* Caltex House street view
* Chevron House atrium
* Chevron House (bottom left)
# Brazès

Brazès is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Edmond Brazès (1893–1980), French writer
* Noël Brazès (1920–2010), French rugby union player
# 2019 Gent–Wevelgem (women's race)

The eighth running of Gent–Wevelgem's women's race was held on Sunday 31 March 2019. It was the fifth event of the 2019 UCI Women's World Tour. The race started in Ypres and finished in Wevelgem, covering a distance of 136.9 km. Italian Marta Bastianelli won the previous edition in 2018.

## Teams

24 teams competed in the race.
Professional women's teams
* Alé–Cipollini
* Aromitalia–Basso Bikes–Vaiano
* Astana
* Biehler Pro Cycling
* Bigla Pro Cycling
* Boels–Dolmans
* BTC City Ljubljana
* Canyon–SRAM
* CCC Liv
* Doltcini–Van Eyck Sport
* Drops
* FDJ Nouvelle-Aquitaine Futuroscope
* Health Mate–Cyclelive Team
* Hitec Products–Birk Sport
* Lotto–Soudal Ladies
* Mitchelton–Scott
* Movistar Team
* Parkhotel Valkenburg
* Team Sunweb
* Tibco–Silicon Valley Bank
* Team Virtu Cycling
* Trek–Segafredo
* Valcar–Cylance
* WNT–Rotor Pro Cycling

## Results

| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
| 1 | Kirsten Wild (NED) | WNT–Rotor Pro Cycling | 3h 33' 34" |
| 2 | Lorena Wiebes (NED) | Parkhotel Valkenburg | s.t. |
| 3 | Letizia Paternoster (ITA) | Trek–Segafredo | s.t. |
| 4 | Marta Bastianelli (ITA) | Team Virtu Cycling | s.t. |
| 5 | Amy Pieters (NED) | Bigla Pro Cycling | s.t. |
| 6 | Lotte Kopecky (BEL) | Lotto–Soudal Ladies | s.t. |
| 7 | Michela Balducci (ITA) | Aromitalia–Basso Bikes–Vaiano | s.t. |
| 8 | Elena Cecchini (ITA) | Canyon–SRAM | s.t. |
| 9 | Elisa Balsamo (ITA) | Valcar–Cylance | s.t. |
| 10 | Marta Cavalli (ITA) | Valcar–Cylance | s.t. |