# 1965 Turkish census

The 1965 Turkish census was held on October 24, 1965 and recorded the population and demographic details of every settlement in Turkey. The 1965 census was the last census with information languages and ethnicities as afterwards, the Turkish Government prohibited their publication.

## Population by district

| | total population | no | rate | urban | % | rural | % | man | % | woman | % |
| Turkey | 31,391,421 | | | 10,805,817 | 34,42% | 20,585,604 | 65,58% | 15,996,964 | 50,96% | 15,394,457 | 49,04% |
| Adana | 902,712 | 5 | 2,88% | 422,298 | 46,78% | 480,414 | 53,22% | 466,032 | 51,63% | 436,680 | 48,37% |
| Adıyaman | 267,288 | 47 | 0,85% | 51,463 | 19,25% | 215,825 | 80,75% | 136,615 | 51,11% | 130,673 | 48,89% |
| Afyonkarahisar | 502,248 | 21 | 1,60% | 125,102 | 24,91% | 377,146 | 75,09% | 250,478 | 49,87% | 251,770 | 50,13% |
| Ağrı | 246,961 | 56 | 0,79% | 53,420 | 21,63% | 193,541 | 78,37% | 130,396 | 52,80% | 116,565 | 47,20% |
| Amasya | 285,729 | 45 | 0,91% | 83,016 | 29,05% | 202,713 | 70,95% | 148,016 | 51,80% | 137,713 | 48,20% |
| Ankara | 1,644,302 | 2 | 5,24% | 1,069,761 | 65,06% | 574,541 | 34,94% | 872,680 | 53,07% | 771,622 | 46,93% |
| Antalya | 486,910 | 23 | 1,55% | 129,657 | 26,63% | 357,253 | 73,37% | 244,939 | 50,30% | 241,971 | 49,70% |
| Artvin | 210,065 | 57 | 0,67% | 30,068 | 14,31% | 179,997 | 85,69% | 102,630 | 48,86% | 107,435 | 51,14% |
| Aydın | 524,918 | 17 | 1,67% | 165,953 | 31,62% | 358,965 | 68,38% | 262,021 | 49,92% | 262,897 | 50,08% |
| Balıkesir | 708,342 | 9 | 2,26% | 230,353 | 32,52% | 477,989 | 67,48% | 365,959 | 51,66% | 342,383 | 48,34% |
| Bilecik | 139,041 | 66 | 0,44% | 36,356 | 26,15% | 102,685 | 73,85% | 68,900 | 49,55% | 70,141 | 50,45% |
| Bingöl | 150,521 | 65 | 0,48% | 20,401 | 13,55% | 130,120 | 86,45% | 77,758 | 51,66% | 72,763 | 48,34% |
| Bitlis | 154,069 | 64 | 0,49% | 43,813 | 28,44% | 110,256 | 71,56% | 80,996 | 52,57% | 73,073 | 47,43% |
| Bolu | 383,939 | 37 | 1,22% | 70,459 | 18,35% | 313,480 | 81,65% | 189,663 | 49,40% | 194,276 | 50,60% |
| Burdur | 194,950 | 61 | 0,62% | 54,135 | 27,77% | 140,815 | 72,23% | 98,137 | 50,34% | 96,813 | 49,66% |
| Bursa | 755,504 | 7 | 2,41% | 335,048 | 44,35% | 420,456 | 55,65% | 379,055 | 50,17% | 376,449 | 49,83% |
| Çanakkale | 350,317 | 39 | 1,12% | 81,753 | 23,34% | 268,564 | 76,66% | 182,806 | 52,18% | 167,511 | 47,82% |
| Çankırı | 250,706 | 55 | 0,80% | 43,731 | 17,44% | 206,975 | 82,56% | 120,131 | 47,92% | 130,575 | 52,08% |
| Çorum | 485,567 | 24 | 1,55% | 97,032 | 19,98% | 388,535 | 80,02% | 240,576 | 49,55% | 244,991 | 50,45% |
| Denizli | 463,369 | 26 | 1,48% | 117,739 | 25,41% | 345,630 | 74,59% | 230,468 | 49,74% | 232,901 | 50,26% |
| Diyarbakır | 475,916 | 25 | 1,52% | 162,467 | 34,14% | 313,449 | 65,86% | 249,874 | 52,50% | 226,042 | 47,50% |
| Edirne | 303,234 | 43 | 0,97% | 102,171 | 33,69% | 201,063 | 66,31% | 157,377 | 51,90% | 145,857 | 48,10% |
| Elazığ | 322,727 | 42 | 1,03% | 106,180 | 32,90% | 216,547 | 67,10% | 165,636 | 51,32% | 157,091 | 48,68% |
| Erzincan | 258,586 | 53 | 0,82% | 57,397 | 22,20% | 201,189 | 77,80% | 129,233 | 49,98% | 129,353 | 50,02% |
| Erzurum | 628,001 | 12 | 2,00% | 152,183 | 24,23% | 475,818 | 75,77% | 324,977 | 51,75% | 303,024 | 48,25% |
| Eskişehir | 415,101 | 33 | 1,32% | 200,332 | 48,26% | 214,769 | 51,74% | 210,949 | 50,82% | 204,152 | 49,18% |
| Gaziantep | 511,026 | 19 | 1,63% | 244,215 | 47,79% | 266,811 | 52,21% | 262,815 | 51,43% | 248,211 | 48,57% |
| Giresun | 428,015 | 32 | 1,36% | 75,069 | 17,54% | 352,946 | 82,46% | 207,320 | 48,44% | 220,695 | 51,56% |
| Gümüşhane | 262,731 | 52 | 0,84% | 31,957 | 12,16% | 230,774 | 87,84% | 123,907 | 47,16% | 138,824 | 52,84% |
| Hakkari | 83,937 | 67 | 0,27% | 14,132 | 16,84% | 69,805 | 83,16% | 45,680 | 54,42% | 38,257 | 45,58% |
| Hatay | 506,154 | 20 | 1,61% | 203,610 | 40,23% | 302,544 | 59,77% | 266,594 | 52,67% | 239,560 | 47,33% |
| Isparta | 266,240 | 49 | 0,85% | 96,551 | 36,26% | 169,689 | 63,74% | 136,333 | 51,21% | 129,907 | 48,79% |
| İçel | 511,273 | 18 | 1,63% | 189,382 | 37,04% | 321,891 | 62,96% | 262,008 | 51,25% | 249,265 | 48,75% |
| Istanbul | 2,293,823 | 1 | 7,31% | 1,792,071 | 78,13% | 501,752 | 21,87% | 1,243,900 | 54,23% | 1,049,923 | 45,77% |
| İzmir | 1,234,667 | 3 | 3,93% | 621,553 | 50,34% | 613,114 | 49,66% | 641,118 | 51,93% | 593,549 | 48,07% |
| Kahramanmaraş | 438,423 | 30 | 1,40% | 105,090 | 23,97% | 333,333 | 76,03% | 222,104 | 50,66% | 216,319 | 49,34% |
| Kars | 606,313 | 13 | 1,93% | 117,363 | 19,36% | 488,950 | 80,64% | 312,952 | 51,62% | 293,361 | 48,38% |
| Kastamonu | 441,638 | 29 | 1,41% | 67,163 | 15,21% | 374,475 | 84,79% | 209,389 | 47,41% | 232,249 | 52,59% |
| Kayseri | 536,206 | 16 | 1,71% | 191,221 | 35,66% | 344,985 | 64,34% | 266,972 | 49,79% | 269,234 | 50,21% |
| Kırklareli | 258,386 | 54 | 0,82% | 85,856 | 33,23% | 172,530 | 66,77% | 137,823 | 53,34% | 120,563 | 46,66% |
| Kırşehir | 196,836 | 60 | 0,63% | 42,000 | 21,34% | 154,836 | 78,66% | 95,762 | 48,65% | 101,074 | 51,35% |
| Kocaeli | 335,518 | 40 | 1,07% | 136,531 | 40,69% | 198,987 | 59,31% | 177,915 | 53,03% | 157,603 | 46,97% |
| Konya | 1,122,622 | 4 | 3,58% | 354,578 | 31,58% | 768,044 | 68,42% | 560,069 | 49,89% | 562,553 | 50,11% |
| Kütahya | 398,081 | 35 | 1,27% | 87,084 | 21,88% | 310,997 | 78,12% | 200,954 | 50,48% | 197,127 | 49,52% |
| Malatya | 452,624 | 27 | 1,44% | 147,040 | 32,49% | 305,584 | 67,51% | 230,274 | 50,88% | 222,350 | 49,12% |
| Manisa | 748,545 | 8 | 2,38% | 265,857 | 35,52% | 482,688 | 64,48% | 381,798 | 51,01% | 366,747 | 48,99% |
| Mardin | 397,880 | 36 | 1,27% | 90,093 | 22,64% | 307,787 | 77,36% | 205,313 | 51,60% | 192,567 | 48,40% |
| Muğla | 334,973 | 41 | 1,07% | 59,330 | 17,71% | 275,643 | 82,29% | 166,339 | 49,66% | 168,634 | 50,34% |
| Muş | 198,716 | 59 | 0,63% | 32,503 | 16,36% | 166,213 | 83,64% | 103,298 | 51,98% | 95,418 | 48,02% |
| Nevşehir | 203,316 | 58 | 0,65% | 46,710 | 22,97% | 156,606 | 77,03% | 98,083 | 48,24% | 105,233 | 51,76% |
| Niğde | 362,444 | 38 | 1,15% | 69,956 | 19,30% | 292,488 | 80,70% | 177,689 | 49,03% | 184,755 | 50,97% |
| Ordu | 543,863 | 15 | 1,73% | 83,585 | 15,37% | 460,278 | 84,63% | 268,141 | 49,30% | 275,722 | 50,70% |
| Rize | 281,099 | 46 | 0,90% | 63,554 | 22,61% | 217,545 | 77,39% | 130,070 | 46,27% | 151,029 | 53,73% |
| Sakarya | 404,078 | 34 | 1,29% | 124,936 | 30,92% | 279,142 | 69,08% | 203,896 | 50,46% | 200,182 | 49,54% |
| Samsun | 755,946 | 6 | 2,41% | 197,103 | 26,07% | 558,843 | 73,93% | 379,635 | 50,22% | 376,311 | 49,78% |
| Siirt | 264,832 | 51 | 0,84% | 75,520 | 28,52% | 189,312 | 71,48% | 139,686 | 52,75% | 125,146 | 47,25% |
| Sinop | 266,069 | 50 | 0,85% | 38,068 | 14,31% | 228,001 | 85,69% | 128,830 | 48,42% | 137,239 | 51,58% |
| Sivas | 705,186 | 10 | 2,25% | 168,685 | 23,92% | 536,501 | 76,08% | 350,377 | 49,69% | 354,809 | 50,31% |
| Tekirdağ | 287,381 | 44 | 0,92% | 96,897 | 33,72% | 190,484 | 66,28% | 150,140 | 52,24% | 137,241 | 47,76% |
| Tokat | 495,352 | 22 | 1,58% | 123,403 | 24,91% | 371,949 | 75,09% | 251,748 | 50,82% | 243,604 | 49,18% |
| Trabzon | 595,782 | 14 | 1,90% | 108,492 | 18,21% | 487,290 | 81,79% | 281,583 | 47,26% | 314,199 | 52,74% |
| Tunceli | 154,175 | 63 | 0,49% | 23,240 | 15,07% | 130,935 | 84,93% | 78,112 | 50,66% | 76,063 | 49,34% |
| Urfa | 450,798 | 28 | 1,44% | 150,383 | 33,36% | 300,415 | 66,64% | 230,612 | 51,16% | 220,186 | 48,84% |
| Uşak | 190,536 | 62 | 0,61% | 57,133 | 29,99% | 133,403 | 70,01% | 94,315 | 49,50% | 96,221 | 50,50% |
| Van | 266,840 | 48 | 0,85% | 60,686 | 22,74% | 206,154 | 77,26% | 142,446 | 53,38% | 124,394 | 46,62% |
| Yozgat | 437,883 | 31 | 1,39% | 67,466 | 15,41% | 370,417 | 84,59% | 217,744 | 49,73% | 220,139 | 50,27% |
| Zonguldak | 650,191 | 11 | 2,07% | 157,463 | 24,22% | 492,728 | 75,78% | 326,918 | 50,28% | 323,273 | 49,72% |

## Largest cities

| Ranking | City | Population | Province |
| 1 | Istanbul | 1,742,978 | Istanbul |
| 2 | Ankara | 905,660 | Ankara |
| 3 | İzmir | 329,052 | İzmir |
| 4 | Adana | 289,919 | Adana |
| 5 | Bursa | 211,644 | Bursa |
| 6 | Eskişehir | 173,882 | Eskişehir |
| 7 | Gaziantep | 160,152 | Gaziantep |
| 8 | Konya | 157,934 | Konya |
| 9 | Kayseri | 126,653 | Kayseri |
| 10 | Sivas | 108,320 | Sivas |
| 11 | Samsun | 107,510 | Samsun |
| 12 | Erzurum | 105,317 | Erzurum |
| 13 | Malatya | 104,428 | Malatya |
| 14 | Diyarbakır | 102,653 | Diyarbakır |
| 15 | İzmit | 89,547 | Kocaeli |
| 16 | Mersin | 86,692 | İçel |
| 17 | Adapazarı | 86,124 | Sakarya |
| 18 | Karşıyaka | 82,574 | İzmir |
| 19 | Elazığ | 78,605 | Elazığ |
| 20 | Urfa | 73,498 | Şanlıurfa |
| 21 | Antalya | 71,833 | Antalya |
| 22 | Manisa | 69,711 | Manisa |
| 23 | İskenderun | 69,382 | Hatay |
| 24 | Balıkesir | 69,341 | Balıkesir |
| 25 | Trabzon | 65,516 | Trabzon |
| 26 | Denizli | 64,331 | Denizli |
| 27 | Maraş | 63,284 | Maraş |
| 28 | Antakya | 57,855 | Hatay |
| 29 | Tarsus | 57,737 | İçel |
| 30 | Kırıkkale | 57,669 | Ankara |
| 31 | Zonguldak | 55,404 | Zonguldak |
| 32 | Kütahya | 49,301 | Kütahya |
| 33 | Karabük | 46,169 | Zonguldak |
| 34 | Akhisar | 46,167 | Manisa |
| 35 | Edirne | 46,091 | Edirne |
| 36 | Erzincan | 45,197 | Erzincan |
| 37 | Afyonkarahisar | 44,026 | Afyonkarahisar |
| 38 | Aydın | 43,483 | Aydın |
| 39 | Çorum | 41,574 | Çorum |
| 40 | Kars | 41,376 | Kars |
| 41 | Nazilli | 41,330 | Aydın |
| 42 | Ceyhan | 41,124 | Adana |
| 43 | Ereğli | 38,362 | Konya |
| 44 | Kilis | 38,095 | Gaziantep |
| 45 | Tokat | 37,368 | Tokat |
| 46 | Turgutlu | 35,674 | Manisa |
| 47 | Uşak | 35,517 | Uşak |
| 48 | Amasya | 34,168 | Amasya |
| 49 | Osmaniye | 34,027 | Adana |
| 50 | Bandırma | 33,116 | Balıkesir |
| 51 | Van | 31,431 | Van |
| 52 | Mardin | 30,974 | Mardin |
| 53 | Ödemiş | 30,580 | İzmir |
| 54 | Bornova | 30,445 | İzmir |
| 55 | Burdur | 29,268 | Burdur |
| 56 | Salihli | 28,909 | Manisa |
| 57 | Isparta | 28,328 | Isparta |
| 58 | İnegöl | 27,777 | Bursa |
| 59 | Söke | 27,558 | Aydın |
| 60 | Siverek | 27,527 | Urfa |
| 61 | Ordu | 27,303 | Ordu |
| 62 | Tire | 27,243 | İzmir |
| 63 | Çorlu | 27,187 | Tekirdağ |
| 64 | Tekirdağ | 27,069 | Tekirdağ |
| 65 | Rize | 26,989 | Rize |
| 66 | Bafra | 26,239 | Samsun |
| 67 | Zile | 26,113 | Tokat |
| 68 | Karaman | 26,051 | Konya |
| 69 | Lüleburgaz | 25,667 | Kırklareli |
| 70 | Siirt | 25,480 | Siirt |
| 71 | Giresun | 25,331 | Giresun |
| 72 | Akşehir | 25,269 | Konya |
| 73 | Edremit | 25,003 | Balıkesir |
| 74 | Batman | 24,990 | Siirt |
| 75 | Kırşehir | 24,861 | Kırşehir |
| 76 | Kırklareli | 24,790 | Kırklareli |
| 77 | Aksaray | 24,414 | Niğde |
| 78 | Ağrı | 24,168 | Ağrı |
| 79 | Bergama | 24,121 | İzmir |
| 80 | Kastamonu | 23,485 | Kastamonu |
| 81 | Merzifon | 23,410 | Amasya |
| 82 | Kırıkhan | 23,405 | Hatay |
| 83 | Mustafakemalpaşa | 23,179 | Bursa |
| 84 | Yozgat | 23,081 | Yozgat |
| 85 | Çanakkale | 22,789 | Çanakkale |
| 86 | Nizip | 22,675 | Gaziantep |
| 87 | Turhal | 22,658 | Tokat |
| 88 | Polatlı | 22,558 | Ankara |
| 89 | Düzce | 22,274 | Bolu |
| 90 | Adıyaman | 22,153 | Adıyaman |
| 91 | Niğde | 21,663 | Niğde |
| 92 | Uzunköprü | 21,537 | Edirne |
| 93 | Çankırı | 21,450 | Çankırı |
| 94 | Gölcük | 21,444 | Kocaeli |
| 95 | Nevşehir | 21,121 | Nevşehir |
| 96 | Keşan | 20,293 | Edirne |
| 97 | Kozan | 20,236 | Adana |
| 98 | Bolvadin | 20,139 | Afyonkarahisar |
| 99 | Kartal | 20,139 | Istanbul |
| 100 | Ereğli | 18,978 | Zonguldak |
| 101 | Bitlis | 18,725 | Bitlis |
| 102 | Soma | 18,633 | Manisa |
| 103 | Karacabey | 18,368 | Bursa |
| 104 | Çarşamba | 18,003 | Samsun |
| 105 | Sarıkamış | 16,618 | Kars |
| 106 | Menemen | 16,588 | İzmir |
| 107 | Reyhanlı | 16,469 | Hatay |
| 108 | Muğla | 16,408 | Muğla |
| 109 | Ayvalık | 16,283 | Balıkesir |
| 110 | Alaşehir | 16,012 | Manisa |
| 111 | Samandağı | 15,990 | Hatay |
| 112 | Kadirli | 15,926 | Adana |
| 113 | Gemlik | 15,716 | Bursa |
| 114 | Iğdır | 15,701 | Kars |
| 115 | Muş | 15,687 | Muş |
| 116 | Birecik | 15,317 | Urfa |
| 117 | Bayburt | 15,184 | Gümüşhane |
| 118 | Ünye | 15,039 | Ordu |
| 119 | Bor | 14,309 | Niğde |
| 120 | Bartın | 14,259 | Zonguldak |
| 121 | Yalova | 14,241 | Istanbul |
| 122 | Tosya | 14,119 | Kastamonu |
| 123 | Erciş | 14,072 | Van |
| 124 | Babaeski | 13,879 | Kırklareli |
| 125 | İslahiye | 13,775 | Gaziantep |
| 126 | Tavşanlı | 13,652 | Kütahya |
| 127 | Elbistan | 13,492 | Maraş |
| 128 | Develi | 13,411 | Kayseri |
| 129 | Sinop | 13,354 | Sinop |
| 130 | Erbaa | 13,168 | Tokat |
| 131 | Karapınar | 12,989 | Konya |
| 132 | Milas | 12,987 | Muğla |
| 133 | Gelibolu | 12,945 | Çanakkale |
| 134 | Sungurlu | 12,886 | Çorum |
| 135 | Burhaniye | 12,597 | Balıkesir |
| 136 | Niksar | 12,577 | Tokat |
| 137 | Urla | 12,454 | İzmir |
| 138 | Alanya | 12,436 | Antalya |
| 139 | İskilip | 12,400 | Çorum |
| 140 | Kırkağaç | 12,162 | Manisa |
| 141 | Silvan | 12,158 | Diyarbakır |
| 142 | Biga | 12,063 | Çanakkale |
| 143 | Yerköy | 11,962 | Yozgat |
| 144 | Silifke | 11,864 | İçel |
| 145 | Bingöl | 11,727 | Bingöl |
| 146 | Torbalı | 11,712 | İzmir |
| 147 | Şereflikoçhisar | 11,683 | Ankara |
| 148 | Gönen | 11,666 | Balıkesir |
| 149 | Besni | 11,625 | Adıyaman |
| 150 | Dörtyol | 11,595 | Hatay |
| 151 | Çayeli | 11,496 | Rize |
| 152 | Yenişehir | 11,352 | Bursa |
| 153 | Dinar | 11,298 | Afyonkarahisar |
| 154 | Bayındır | 11,273 | İzmir |
| 155 | Susurluk | 11,268 | Balıkesir |
| 156 | Anamur | 11,246 | İçel |
| 157 | Viranşehir | 11,063 | Urfa |
| 158 | Emirdağ | 10,914 | Afyonkarahisar |
| 159 | Yalvaç | 10,912 | Isparta |
| 160 | Bozhüyük | 10,842 | Bilecik |
| 161 | Hendek | 10,788 | Sakarya |
| 162 | Tatvan | 10,786 | Bitlis |
| 163 | Malkara | 10,763 | Tekirdağ |
| 164 | Ergani | 10,528 | Diyarbakır |
| 165 | Midyat | 10,391 | Mardin |
| 166 | Havza | 10,338 | Samsun |
| 167 | Erdemli | 10,304 | İçel |
| 168 | Çumra | 10,299 | Konya |
| 169 | Yahyalı | 10,283 | Kayseri |
| 170 | Selçuk | 10,227 | İzmir |
| 171 | Gümüşhacıköy | 10,199 | Amasya |
| 172 | Ilgın | 10,196 | Konya |
| 173 | Sandıklı | 10,192 | Afyonkarahisar |
| 174 | Maden | 10,166 | Elazığ |
| 175 | Bucak | 10,094 | Burdur |
| 176 | Kaman | 10,067 | Kırşehir |
| 177 | Demirci | 10,050 | Manisa |
Population of Turkey according to language :
| Language | Census 1935 | Census 1935 | Census 1945 | Census 1945 | Census 1965 | Census 1965 |
| Language | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % |
| Turkish | 13,899,073 | 86.0 | 16,598,037 | 88.3 | 28,175,579 | 90.2 |
| Kurdish | 1,489,246 | 9.2 | 1,476,562 | 7.9 | 2,108,721 | 6.9 |
| Zazaki | 1,489,246 | 9.2 | 1,476,562 | 7.9 | 147,707 | 0.5 |
| Arabic | 153,687 | 1.0 | 247,204 | 1.3 | 368.971 | 1.2 |
| Greek | 108,725 | 0.7 | 88,680 | 0.5 | 49.143 | 0.2 |
| Circassian | 91,972 | 0.6 | 66,691 | 0.4 | 57,337 | 0.2 |
| Ladino | 79,000 | 0.5 | 51,019 | 0.3 | 9,124 | 0.0 |
| Armenian | 77,000 | 0.5 | 56,179 | 0.3 | 32,484 | 0.1 |
| Laz | 63,253 | 0.4 | 46,987 | 0.3 | 27,715 | 0.1 |
| Georgian | 57,325 | 0.4 | 40,076 | 0.2 | 32,334 | 0.1 |
| Abaza | 10,099 | 0.1 | 8,602 | 0.0 | 10,643 | 0.0 |
| others | | | 110,137 | 0.6 | 157,449 | 0.5 |
| Total | 15,803,000 | 15,803,000 | 18,790,174 | 18,790,174 | 31,391,207 | 31,391,207 |

## Mother tongues
### National level

Languages spoken in Turkey, 1965 census :
| Language | Mother tongue | Only language spoken | Second best language spoken |
| Abaza | 4,563 | 280 | 7,556 |
| Albanian | 12,832 | 1,075 | 39,613 |
| Arabic | 365,340 | 189,134 | 167,924 |
| Armenian | 33,094 | 1,022 | 22,260 |
| Bosnian | 17,627 | 2,345 | 34,892 |
| Bulgarian | 4,088 | 350 | 46,742 |
| Pomak | 23,138 | 2,776 | 34,234 |
| Chechen | 7,563 | 2,500 | 5,063 |
| Circassian | 58,339 | 6,409 | 48,621 |
| Croatian | 45 | 1 | 1,585 |
| Czech | 168 | 25 | 76 |
| Dutch | 366 | 23 | 219 |
| English | 27,841 | 21,766 | 139,867 |
| French | 3,302 | 398 | 96,879 |
| Georgian | 34,330 | 4,042 | 44,934 |
| German | 4,901 | 790 | 35,704 |
| Greek | 48,096 | 3,203 | 78,941 |
| Italian | 2,926 | 267 | 3,861 |
| Kurdish (Kurmanji) | 2,219,502 | 1,323,690 | 429,168 |
| Judæo-Spanish | 9,981 | 283 | 3,510 |
| Laz | 26,007 | 3,943 | 55,158 |
| Persian | 948 | 72 | 2,103 |
| Polish | 110 | 20 | 377 |
| Portuguese | 52 | 5 | 3,233 |
| Romanian | 406 | 53 | 6,909 |
| Russian | 1,088 | 284 | 4,530 |
| Serbian | 6,599 | 776 | 58,802 |
| Spanish | 2,791 | 138 | 4,297 |
| Turkish | 28,289,680 | 26,925,649 | 1,387,139 |
| Zaza | 150,644 | 92,288 | 20,413 |
| Total | 31,009,934 | 28,583,607 | 2,786,610 |

### Provincial level

Languages spoken in Turkey by provinces, 1965 census :
| Province / Language | Turkish | Kurdish | Arabic | Zazaki | Circassian | Greek | Georgian | Armenian | Laz | Pomak | Bosnian | Albanian | Jewish |
| Adana | 866,316 | 7,581 | 22,356 | 332 | 51 | 51 | 0 | 28 | 9 | 0 | 312 | 483 | 29 |
| Adıyaman | 143,054 | 117,325 | 7 | 6,705 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 84 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Afyonkarahisar | 499,461 | 125 | 19 | 1 | 2,172 | 169 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 16 | 14 | 2 | 1 |
| Ağrı | 90,021 | 156,316 | 105 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 77 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 103 | 0 | 0 |
| Amasya | 279,978 | 2,179 | 9 | 2 | 1,497 | 6 | 1,378 | 208 | 6 | 0 | 10 | 336 | 1 |
| Ankara | 1,590,392 | 36,798 | 814 | 21 | 393 | 124 | 41 | 66 | 120 | 7 | 126 | 833 | 64 |
| Antalya | 486,697 | 23 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Artvin | 190,183 | 46 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 7,698 | 1 | 12,093 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Aydın | 523,583 | 168 | 85 | 0 | 112 | 71 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 26 | 88 | 0 |
| Balıkesir | 698,679 | 560 | 38 | 8 | 3,144 | 236 | 1,273 | 9 | 205 | 1,707 | 314 | 24 | 4 |
| Bilecik | 137,674 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 736 | 4 | 73 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 0 |
| Bingöl | 62,668 | 56,881 | 19 | 30,878 | 17 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Bitlis | 56,161 | 92,327 | 3,263 | 2,082 | 205 | 1 | 5 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Bolu | 375,786 | 363 | 0 | 0 | 1,593 | 3 | 1,541 | 488 | 1,791 | 0 | 40 | 6 | 1 |
| Burdur | 194,910 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Bursa | 746,633 | 213 | 22 | 0 | 799 | 106 | 2,938 | 35 | 517 | 65 | 1,169 | 1,928 | 69 |
| Çanakkale | 338,379 | 443 | 0 | 25 | 1,604 | 5,258 | 4 | 9 | 12 | 3,675 | 516 | 6 | 121 |
| Çankırı | 250,510 | 158 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Çorum | 474,638 | 8,736 | 4 | 0 | 1,808 | 12 | 8 | 51 | 3 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Denizli | 462,860 | 283 | 28 | 5 | 8 | 97 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
| Diyarbakır | 178,644 | 236,113 | 2,536 | 57,693 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 134 | 3 | 48 | 1 | 5 | 0 |
| Edirne | 290,610 | 386 | 104 | 21 | 9 | 18 | 2 | 12 | 3 | 10,285 | 329 | 58 | 92 |
| Elazığ | 244,016 | 47,446 | 17 | 30,921 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 30 | 12 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| Erzincan | 243,911 | 14,323 | 13 | 298 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 12 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Erzurum | 555,632 | 69,648 | 86 | 2,185 | 109 | 8 | 4 | 11 | 24 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 1 |
| Eskişehir | 406,212 | 327 | 42 | 0 | 1,390 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 14 | 23 | 114 | 78 | 0 |
| Gaziantep | 490,046 | 18,954 | 885 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 0 |
| Giresun | 425,665 | 305 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2,029 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gümüşhane | 260,419 | 2,189 | 0 | 0 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Hakkari | 10,357 | 72,365 | 165 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Hatay | 350,080 | 5,695 | 127,072 | 7 | 780 | 767 | 11 | 376 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 44 | 1 |
| Isparta | 265,305 | 688 | 75 | 11 | 8 | 91 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Mersin | 500,207 | 1,067 | 9,430 | 23 | 76 | 137 | 13 | 12 | 19 | 3 | 3 | 9 | 1 |
| Istanbul | 2,185,741 | 2,586 | 2,843 | 26 | 317 | 35,097 | 849 | 29,479 | 128 | 165 | 3,072 | 4,341 | 8,608 |
| İzmir | 1,214,219 | 863 | 352 | 5 | 1,287 | 898 | 15 | 17 | 15 | 1,289 | 2,349 | 1,265 | 753 |
| Kars | 471,287 | 133,144 | 61 | 992 | 215 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 24 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 1 |
| Kastamonu | 439,355 | 1,090 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 180 | 849 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Kayseri | 509,932 | 8,454 | 34 | 8 | 17,110 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 6 | 9 | 15 | 160 | 1 |
| Kırklareli | 252,594 | 602 | 136 | 24 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 7 | 3,375 | 1,148 | 144 | 11 |
| Kırşehir | 185,489 | 11,309 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Kocaeli | 320,808 | 235 | 0 | 10 | 1,467 | 63 | 2,755 | 46 | 2,264 | 381 | 3,827 | 22 | 7 |
| Konya | 1,092,819 | 27,811 | 67 | 4 | 1,139 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 11 | 75 | 0 |
| Kütahya | 397,221 | 105 | 13 | 2 | 17 | 4 | 2 | 88 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 34 | 0 |
| Malatya | 374,449 | 77,794 | 33 | 10 | 14 | 5 | 7 | 148 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Manisa | 746,514 | 241 | 15 | 0 | 488 | 42 | 67 | 2 | 6 | 54 | 116 | 192 | 3 |
| Kahramanmaraş | 386,010 | 46,548 | 21 | 0 | 4,185 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 |
| Mardin | 35,494 | 265,328 | 79,687 | 60 | 75 | 11 | 15 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 0 |
| Muğla | 334,883 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Muş | 110,555 | 83,020 | 3,575 | 507 | 898 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nevşehir | 203,156 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 0 |
| Niğde | 353,146 | 8,991 | 10 | 0 | 227 | 5 | 0 | 12 | 4 | 0 | 15 | 4 | 0 |
| Ordu | 538,978 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 4,815 | 34 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Rize | 275,291 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 4 | 0 | 5,754 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Sakarya | 388,481 | 2,163 | 32 | 3 | 538 | 6 | 4,535 | 2 | 2,671 | 23 | 2,899 | 794 | 1 |
| Samsun | 747,115 | 1,366 | 3 | 0 | 3,401 | 91 | 2,350 | 5 | 51 | 319 | 10 | 610 | 0 |
| Siirt | 46,722 | 179,023 | 38,273 | 484 | 1 | 0 | 15 | 98 | 3 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 |
| Sinop | 261,341 | 2,126 | 0 | 0 | 659 | 1 | 1,144 | 228 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 7 | 3 |
| Sivas | 649,099 | 32,284 | 19 | 23 | 2,086 | 0 | 0 | 217 | 1 | 0 | 515 | 0 | 0 |
| Tekirdağ | 284,222 | 548 | 76 | 18 | 5 | 19 | 52 | 8 | 2 | 1,627 | 6 | 51 | 102 |
| Tokat | 483,948 | 3,974 | 7 | 3 | 5,934 | 0 | 367 | 45 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 964 | 0 |
| Trabzon | 590,799 | 72 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 4,535 | 1 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Tunceli | 120,553 | 33,431 | 20 | 2,370 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 18 | 10 | 8 | 0 |
| Şanlıurfa | 207,652 | 175,100 | 51,090 | 14,554 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Uşak | 190,506 | 16 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Van | 118,481 | 147,694 | 557 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 66 |
| Yozgat | 433,385 | 2,424 | 1 | 0 | 1,597 | 2 | 0 | 118 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 1 | 0 |
| Zonguldak | 649,757 | 43 | 26 | 0 | 5 | 17 | 2 | 3 | 15 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Provinces with Turkish speakers in majority Provinces with Turkish speakers in plurality Provinces with Kurdish speakers in plurality Provinces with Kurdish speakers in majority
* Turkish- and Kurdish-speaking pluralities
* Turkish-speaking population
* Kurdish-speaking population
* Arabic-speaking population
* Zaza-speaking population
* Circassian-speaking population
* Greek-speaking population
* Armenian-speaking population
* Georgian-speaking population
* Laz-speaking population
* Pomak-speaking population
* Bosnian-speaking population
* Albanian-speaking population
* "Jewish"-speaking population

### Maps of provinces in Turkey by percentage of spoken first language

Source:
* Arabic
* Circassian
* Georgian
* Greek
* Kurdish
* Laz
* Pomak
* Turkish
* Zaza