OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Black River Bridge

Black River Bridge may refer to:
* Black River Bridge, New Brunswick
* Black River Bridge (Carrizo, Arizona), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Gila County, Arizona
* Black River Bridge (Pocahontas, Arkansas), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Randolph County, Arkansas
# Ewijk

Ewijk is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Beuningen, and lies about 9 km west of Nijmegen. The river Waal runs in the north.
Ewijk was a separate municipality until 1980, when it was merged with Beuningen.

## History

It was first mentioned in 855 as Euuic, and means "neighbourhood near water". Doddendaal is a castle near Ewijk. Part of the wall with corner towers date from the 14th century. The main building was damaged by fire in 1590, and was repaired in the early-17th century. Between 1973 and 1976, it was restored and has become a restaurant. In 1840, it was home to 680 people.
The A50 and A73 motorway meet at Ewijk, and in the late 20th century, the town was mainly known for its daily traffic jams. In 2011, the Tacitusbrug over the Waal was widened from 2x2 to 2x4 lanes.

## Monuments

There are 21 Rijksmonuments in Ewijk. Here are a few (in chronological order):
* Old Tower, 12th century
* Doddendael Castle [nl], 14th century
* De Clef Inn, 17th century
* Gable Roof Farm, 1799
* Doddendael Castle Park, ca. 1825
* John the Baptist church, 1916-1917

## Notable people

* Susan de Klein (1973–2019), dressage rider
* Patje, football coach
* Heino, semi-professional football player

## Gallery

* Ewijk, church tower
* Doddendael Castle
* The Waal during high water
* House in Ewijk
# Reyran

The Reyran is a torrent of the Var department in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France and a tributary of the Argens. It is an ephemeral stream, 26.8 km long, which originates in Bagnols-en-Forêt in the Var, 12 km from Fréjus. The Reyran flows only three months a year and can be dry the rest of the year. Its flow is very irregular. The annual rate is 22.70 million m3 and once every 30 years reaches to only 15.75 million m3. The rate is highest during the months of December, January and April. The flow rate is sometimes zero during July and August. During the summer months, the river bed may present a series of isolated ponds that decrease in size by the day. The bed of the Reyran is made of coarse sand and gravel up to 30–40 cm. Their lithology is that of surrounding rocks: sandstone, gneiss, pegmatite, volcanic rocks.

## Fréjus

The Reyran is piped in through the city of Fréjus. A concrete canal was built after the Malpasset Dam failure. These are preventive measures of the city against flood risks. The Reyran does not cause flood plain, as Argens, but rather exceptional torrential floods and urban run-offs as the Garonne and Valescure to the neighboring town of Saint-Raphael. A flood of this type occurred in 2012 and destroyed the concrete ford located just downstream from the highway bridge, close to the ancient hamlet of Malpasset devastated in 1959.
The Frejus runs north to south and empties into the Argens at the Naval Air Base of Frejus-Saint Raphael.
# Christopher Haun

Christopher Alexander "Alex" Haun (September 14, 1821 – December 11, 1861) was a potter from Greene County, Tennessee, regarded as one of the most notable and skilled of the antebellum period. During the American Civil War, he was executed by the Confederate States of America for participation in the East Tennessee bridge-burning conspiracy.

## Biography

Haun was one of many examples in 19th century Tennessee of what were later referred to as family potters, rural potters who ran businesses, often part-time as a supplement to farming and with the aid of their families, supplying practical vessels for local use. Stephen T. Rogers of the Tennessee Historical Commission writes that Haun "produced some of the most beautiful and finely crafted lead-glazed earthenware in Tennessee". Haun and a number of potters lived in a part of Greene County referred to as Pottertown, using local clay found near Lick Creek. Pottertown was a staunchly Unionist enclave in a Confederate State.
Union supporter Reverend William Blount Carter launched a plan, with the approval of President Abraham Lincoln, to destroy Tennessee bridges in order to disrupt the Confederate railroad system. Haun and other local potters were recruited to destroy the bridge over Lick Creek. On November 8, 1861, after being sworn into Company F of the 2nd Regiment Tennessee Volunteer Infantry, they proceeded to the bridge and destroyed it. There they captured Confederate sentries and released them after they swore an oath to the union. The Confederate soldiers, however, informed the authorities and Haun and four others were captured. Haun and three of the others were hanged for treason at the Knoxville, Tennessee jail on December 11.
Before he died, he wrote to his wife regarding the disposition of his pottery business and concluded:
   I have the promise that my body will be sent home to you. O live for heaven, Oh my bosom friend and children,
   Live for heaven I pray.
   My time is almost out, dear friend, farewell to this world — farewell to earth and earthly troubles.
# Paul Caruso (drummer)

Paul Caruso (1 June 1955 – 3 May 2006) was a drummer who played for the Boston band The Atlantics.
Caruso joined the Atlantics in 1979, as a replacement for Ray 'Boy' Fernandes, and played on the group's best selling record Lonelyhearts. He co-produced and played a drum instrumental on the song "Mercy" from Joe Perry's album Joe Perry which was nominated for a Grammy. He also appeared on Late Night with Conan O'Brien as a drummer for Perry roughly a year before his death. Caruso was also an engineer on two Aerosmith albums, Just Push Play in 2001 and Honkin' on Bobo in 2004.
He collapsed and died aged 50 at his home in Kingston. He was survived by his wife, Susan, and two sons, Christian and Zachary.
# SGN (company)

SGN (previously Scotia Gas Networks) is a British gas distribution company. It manages natural and green gas distribution networks in Scotland and in the south of England. As of 2014/15 SGN operates more than 44,000 miles (71,000 km) of pipes. In the same period, SGN spent £500 million on upgrading the network.

## History

The company was formed in 2005 as Scotia Gas Networks. From that year it was 50% owned by SSE plc. In September 2014 it was renamed SGN.
SSE sold 16.7% of the company to the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority in 2016.
In March 2021, SSE sold its remaining one-third share for £1225 million, and the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority sold its one-sixth holding. The purchasers were the Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, which increased its stock holding from 25% to 37.5%, and Brookfield Infrastructure Partners, which bought 37.5%; the Ontario Municipal Employees Retirement System retained its 25% holding, which in December 2021 it sold to the American private equity firm Global Infrastructure Partners. The financial terms of the sale were not disclosed, but the Globe and Mail reported the price was 1.6 billion Canadian dollars.
In September 2020 the company commissioned Wood to create a "decarbonisation roadmap" for the north-east and east coast of Scotland.

## Funding for innovation

In 2014, SGN was awarded funding from the industry regulator, Ofgem, to develop two projects. "Opening up the Gas Market" is an investigation into whether the British Gas Safety Regulations could be changed to accept different types of gas. "Robotics" is a project to develop technology for repairing steel mains without interrupting the gas.

## Thornton Heath gas explosion

A gas explosion in Croydon, London, on 8 August 2022 resulted in the death of a 4-year-old girl, Sahara Salman. Several other local residents were seriously injured. SGN was reported to have been notified of the gas leak on 30 July
# Dicella

Dicella is a genus of flowering plants in the family Malpighiaceae.

## Species

The genus includes seven species, assigned to two sections.

### Section Dicella

* Dicella bracteosa (Adr. Juss.) Griseb.
* Dicella nucifera Chodat - found in southeastern Brazil and adjacent Paraguay and Argentina

### Section Macropterys

* Dicella aciculifera W. R. Anderson - known only from Costa Rica
* Dicella conwayi Rusby
* Dicella julianii (J. F. Macbr.) W. R. Anderson
* Dicella macroptera Adr. Juss.
* Dicella oliveirae M. W. Chase - all of South America from Colombia to about 19°S.
# Maria Adelaide Lima Cruz

Maria Adelaide Lima Cruz was a Portuguese painter, illustrator, set designer and costume designer.

## Early life

Maria Adelaide de Lima Cruz (1908 – 1985) was born into a family of painters and musicians, being the daughter of the painter and piano teacher, Adelaide Lima Cruz (1878 – 1963), and sister of the musicologist, Maria Antonieta Lima Cruz. Starting to draw at a young age, and becoming a pupil of Carlos Reis, she did not follow any academic training.

## Artistic career

Lima Cruz started illustrating professionally in 1921 at the age of 12 for the magazine Ilustração Portuguesa. She first exhibited her art in 1921 in an exhibition with her mother who contributed only two paintings. She would go on to have around 40 individual exhibitions in Portugal and France, spending some time in Paris in 1934 under a government scholarship. While in Paris she achieved success with costumes designed for Corina Freire, the Portuguese actress and singer, who wore them in a show performed with Maurice Chevalier.
In 1928, she debuted as a stage and costume designer for what was known in Portugal as a "magazine" show (Vaudeville). Her initial, cosmopolitan, colourful and elegant style, adapted well to such shows. Her costumes became famous and for the rest of the 1920s and the 1930s she continued to make an important contribution to the design of shows, including ballet and opera. In 1931 she also started to exhibit objects in glass. In January 1932, she opened the Salão dos Artistas Criadores (Salon of Creative Artists), together with the sculptors Maria José Dias da Câmara and Ana de Gonta Colaço, which aimed to display only stylistically original works. Leading on from stage designs she started to do murals, including for the Casino Estoril in 1935 and for the Portuguese World Exhibition held in 1940 in Belém near Lisbon. The latter, although intended to glorify the Portuguese Estado Novo regime, actually gave an opportunity to a large number of artists, including ten women, who had artistic ideas opposed to those of the regime.
Much of the work of Lima Cruz is in private collections. However, her work can be seen in the Chiado Museum in Lisbon and at the Casa-Museu Dr. Anastácio Gonçalves in Lisbon.
# Diou

Diou may refer to:
* Diou, Allier, a commune in the French department of Allier
* Diou, Indre, a commune in the French department of Indre
* Diou, Mali, a village and commune in Mali
* Paul Emile Diou (1855–1914), French general
# Evan Austin

Evan Austin (born September 10, 1992) is an American Paralympic swimmer. He represented the United States at the Summer Paralympic Games.

## Career

Austin competed in the 400 metre freestyle S7 event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics and won a bronze medal. He also competed in the 50 metre butterfly S7 event and won a gold medal.
# Sad (disambiguation)

Sadness is an emotion associated with loss and grief.
Sad may also refer to:

## Geography

* Sad, Oman, a village in Oman
* Sad, Podlaskie Voivodeship, a village in Poland
* Sad, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, an urban settlement in Ukraine

## Language

* Ṣād (ﺹ), a letter of the Arabic alphabet
* Sandawe language (ISO 639 language code: sad), spoken in Tanzania
* Ṣād (surah), the thirty-eighth sura of the Qur'an

## Music

* Sad (album), a 1998 album by Nels Cline Trio
* "Sad!", a song by XXXTentacion from the album ?
* "Sad" (Elton John and Pnau song), on the album Good Morning to the Night
* "Sad", a song by Maroon 5 from the album Overexposed
* "Sad", a song by Bebe Rexha from the album Expectations
* "Sad", a song by Bo Burnham from the album what.
* "Sad", a song by Chico Rose featuring Afrojack
* "Sad", a song by Linkin Park on the album LP Underground 9: Demos
* "Sad", a song from the Pearl Jam album Lost Dogs

## Other

* #Sad!: Doonesbury in the Time of Trump, a collection of Doonesbury comic strips
# Royal Albert Edward Infirmary

The Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, also known as the Wigan Infirmary, is a health facility in Wigan Lane, Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. It is managed by the Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust.

## History

The facility has its origins in the Wigan Dispensary which was established in King Street in 1796. The foundation stone for the current facility in Wigan Lane was laid by the Earl of Crawford in 1870. General Sir James Lindsay, who had seen action in the Red River Rebellion, was in attendance for the ceremony. The new building, which was designed by Thomas Worthington and Joseph Hanson, was opened by the Prince and Princess of Wales in 1873. A children's ward was added in 1877 and it joined the National Health Service in 1948. A major extension, in the same architectural style as the original building, was completed in 2004. In September 2019 the trust announced that an extra ward might be created to respond to growing demand for beds.
In May 2020, a new ward dedicated to treating COVID-19 patients was opened in the hospital. The Bryn Ward has 50 beds with 27 of those being used for intensive care. The modular unit was built in the Infirmary's car park.
In 2021, a new £7.6 million community assessment unit, with 21 beds, was opened in the Infirmary.
# Paul Tasker

Paul Juan Tasker is an electrical engineer known for his research on microwaves. He is a professor at Cardiff University, Wales, and a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

## Education and career

Tasker earned his Bachelor of Science and PhD from the University of Leeds.
With his PhD, Tasker worked as a research associate at Cornell University from 1984 to 1990, and later as a senior researcher and manager with the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics (IAF). He eventually joined the faculty of Engineering at Cardiff University in 1995.
In 1997, Tasker established the Institute of High Frequency and Communication Engineering at Cardiff University, which was later bought by Focus Microwaves Inc in Canada.

## Recognition

Tasker was elected as a Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales in 2013. In 2014, he was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) "for his contributions to microwave measurements and their application to microwave models". He and his coauthors Tim Canning and Steve Cripps were later awarded the 2016 Microwave Prize of the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society for their paper Continuous mode power amplifier design using harmonic clipping contours: theory and practice.
# Waldau

Waldau may refer to:
* Waldau (surname)
* Waldau (Bern), a psychiatric clinic in Bern, Switzerland
* Waldau (Osterfeld), a village in the municipality of Osterfeld, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
* Waldau (Kassel), a city quarter of Kassel, Hesse, Germany
* Waldau (Titisee-Neustadt), a village in Baden-Württemberg, Germany
* Waldau (Victoria), a suburb of Melbourne, Australia
* Waldau (Vojvodina), the German name for the village of Sonta, Serbia
# Manasa Bari

Manasa Bari (born 27 May 1974) is a Fijian former rugby union footballer and currently, coach. He played as wing.

## Career

Bari was first capped Fiji during the test match against Samoa on 1 July 1995, in Apia. He played thirty matches for Fiji, including eight test matches, one of them being the 1999 Rugby World Cup match against France in Toulouse, on 16 October, being his last international cap.
Bari debuted playing for Fiji sevens in the 1994 Hong Kong Sevens. Two years later, he was called up for the 1997 Rugby World Cup Sevens, in which the Fijians proved unbeaten by winning the Melrose Cup for the first time. After the tournament, Post Fiji issued a series of stamps commemorating the winning team, which also featured Waisale Serevi, Taniela Qauqau, Jope Tuikabe, Leveni Duvuduvukula, Inoke Maraiwai, Aminiasi Naituyaga, Marika Vunibaka, Luke Erenavula and Lemeki Koroi. Eh also took part to the second stage of the Fijian campaign in the 1999-00 IRB Sevens World Series.
Bari worked as a police sergeant. He coached the Police sevens team and other local teams, at International level he is part of the training staff as assistant coach or as manager.
# Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial

The Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (DMIST) is a multi-institutional research study, beginning in 2001, on the efficacy for screening of full-field digital mammography (FFDM) compared to conventional film-screen mammography that was sponsored by the U.S. National Cancer Institute and performed by the American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN).
The findings that FFDM was not inferior to the existing technology, and potentially superior in younger women with dense breasts, has led to a rapid proliferation of digital systems in the US. On the other hand, women with dense breasts receive two to three times the amount of radiation during their imaging as dense breasts absorb more X-ray because of the density (difficulty of the X-ray to penetrate dense tissue).
# Bulbophyllum microtepalum

Bulbophyllum microtepalum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.
# Londerzeel

Londerzeel (Dutch pronunciation:) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant. The municipality comprises the towns of Londerzeel proper, Malderen, Steenhuffel (home of Palm Breweries) and Sint-Jozef. On 1 January 2018, Londerzeel had a total population of 18,620. The total area is 36.53 km$^2$ which gives a population density of 510 inhabitants per km$^2$.
Their football team is K. Londerzeel S.K.

## Notable people

* Gerard Walschap (b. Londerzeel-St. Jozef, 9 July 1898-Antwerp, 25 October 1989), writer.
* Kris Van Assche, fashion designer.

## Twin towns

Londerzeel has been twinned with Gladenbach (Germany) since 2010.
# Michael Barnard (politician)

Michael Thomas Claude Barnard (27 September 1942 – 11 December 1999) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly from 1969 to 1984, representing Bass for the Labor Party. He was Deputy Premier under two Labor Premiers, Doug Lowe and Harry Holgate from 1980 to 1982, and a long-standing Minister for Tourism (1975–82) and Health (1977–80).
Barnard had numerous family political connections. He was the grandson of Claude Barnard and the nephew of Lance Barnard, who both served in the Australian House of Representatives as federal members for Bass. Claude Barnard had also held the state seat of Bass in the 1950s. Michael Barnard's retirement in 1984 ended the Barnard family's representation in Tasmanian and Australian politics.
# Sad Book

Michael Rosen's Sad Book is a 2004 non-fiction book by English children's author Michael Rosen. Illustrated by Quentin Blake, the book deals with the topic of grief. Although it is marketed as a children's book, Rosen explicitly mentions on the inside book jacket that it is for everyone. The book chronicles Rosen's grief over the loss of his son Eddie, who died of meningococcal septicaemia aged 18.

## Overview

Rosen said that the book arose after a group of children asked him questions about his son's death and they were able to discuss it in a "matter-of-fact" way. It begins with a picture of Rosen looking happy, with text explaining that he is sad and only pretending to be happy. The book frequently uses a disconnection between text and image to communicate the complex feelings of grief.
The remainder of the book discusses the different feelings that bereavement brings, and ways of coping with them including distracting oneself and expressing feelings through writing. It also describes how Rosen found his despair lifting and how he was able to deal with his grief and think about the good times he had with his son.

## Reception

The Guardian noted that the book was indeed sad but highly recommended it, saying, "Sad Book doesn't hide the darkness. It doesn't try to pretend that suffering and sadness are easy to bear. But it does at least show that it's okay to feel bad sometimes." The Daily Telegraph considered whether it was suitable for children, and felt that parents would need to use the book as a stimulus for discussion and have to explain some of its ideas. Publishers Weekly praised it for its candour and said that it "will resonate with – and help – anyone mourning a loss or dealing with an indefinable sadness".
# Paul Portier (cinematographer)

Paul Portier was a French cinematographer. He worked on around fifty films during his career.

## Selected filmography

* Imperial Violets (1924)
* The Woman in Gold (1926)
* The Song of the Nations (1931)
* A Happy Man (1932)
* Baroud (1932)
* Adémaï in the Middle Ages (1935)
* Wedding Night (1935)
* Count Obligado (1935)
* Wolves Between Them (1936)
* The Novel of Werther (1938)
* Clodoche (1938)
* Three Waltzes (1938)
* There's No Tomorrow (1939)
* Musicians of the Sky (1940)
* The Acrobat (1941)
# Waldeck-Eisenberg

The principality, or county of Waldeck-Eisenberg was a principality in the Holy Roman Empire that belonged to the Upper Rhenish Circle.

## Waldeck-Eisenberg (1507-1598)

The principality of Waldeck-Eisenberg was created in 1507 when the principality of Waldeck was divided between Count Henry VIII and his uncle Philip II. Philip acquired Eisenberg, Mengeringhausen, Landau and the half of Rhoden, Wettenberg and Waldeck. He also received a share of the herrschaft Itter. Korback was jointly ruled.
In 1538, Count Philip III divided the country among his two sons Wolrad II and John I. Wolrad was bestowed Eisenberg and John I got Landau.
Following the extinction of Waldeck-Landau in 1597 and Waldeck-Wildungen in 1598 Waldeck was reunited under the joint administration of the brothers Christian and Wolrad IV of Waldeck-Eisenberg.

## Waldeck-Eisenberg (1607-1692)

In 1607, Waldeck was divided again. Wolrad IV got Eisenberg and Christian got Wildungen thus the branches Eisenberg and Wildungen were once again created
In 1625, the county of Bad Pyrmont was inherited from the estate of the county Gleichen. Out of the same estate also came the hereditary herrschaft Tonna in Thuringia. This herrschaft was obtained in 1640 of Schenk of Tautenburg. In 1677, the herrschaft Tonna was sold to the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha.
As a result of the marriage of Count Wolrad IV and Anna of Baden-Durlach in 1639 the county of Culemborg, the imperial county Wittem and the heerlijkheid Werth were inherited.
On June 1, 1682, Count Georg Friedrich was elevated to Prince of the Holy Roman Empire. Because he had no sons, with his death came an end to his regal title. His daughter Henriette inherited the county of Culemborg and the heerlijkheid Werth. Her sister Elizabeth Albertine inherited Wittem. Waldeck-Eisenberg reverted to Waldeck-Wildungen and thus reuniting Waldeck forever.