OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Art-Club

Art-Club was an association of artists during the postwar period in Vienna, Austria, in 1946–1959.

## History

Art-Club was formed with the intention of fighting for the autonomy of modern art. This rather late standpoint in art history should be viewed in the light of the conditions dictated by Nazi art ideals right after Anschluss. The autonomy of the arts had been soiled by the concept of entartete Kunst and needed to be emphasized. For a decade marked by violence, the free picture had been oppressed as well as the free word.

## Some groups

Unlike Gruppe 47 in Germany, the Austrian Art-Club was not specially aspired to literature, though pronounced writers like Ilse Aichinger and Ernst Jandl were members, as was H. C. Artmann before he got more occupied by the distinctive Wiener Gruppe. (Ingeborg Bachmann however preferred Gruppe 47). Art-Club wanted to be a continuous platform for young painters, sculptors, authors and musicians. Different artist studios were meeting places as well as city cafés. Joint exhibitions could take place in Wiener Secession. The idiom of one group of members reminded critics of Surrealism. Johann Muschik characterized in the late 1950s these particular members Wiener Schule des Phantastischen Realismus (Vienna School of Fantastic Realism). Abstract painting occurred as well, for instance in the works of the young Hundertwasser, but also in a group called Hundsgruppe with among others Arnulf Rainer and Maria Lassnig.

## Well-known members

* Friedrich Achleitner
* Ilse Aichinger
* H. C. Artmann
* Konrad Bayer
* Maria Biljan-Bilger
* Arik Brauer
* Jeannie Ebner
* Paul Flora
* Hans Fronius
* Ernst Fuchs
* Elfriede Gerstl
* Albert Paris Gütersloh
* Rudolf Hausner
* Wolfgang Hollegha
* Friedensreich Hundertwasser
* Wolfgang Hutter
* Ernst Jandl
* Maria Lassnig
* Anton Lehmden
* Friederike Mayröcker
* Josef Mikl
* Ferry Radax
* Arnulf Rainer
* Rudolph von Ripper
* Hans Weigel
* Susanne Wenger

## Footnotes

* ↑ http://www.ubu.com/papers/ruhm_vienna.html Gerhard Rühm on the dating and the early history.
* ↑ http://www.basis-wien.at/avdt/htm/033/00060449.htm basis-wien.at | Article in German: Avantgarde der neuen Freiheit (Avantgarde of the new freedom)
* ↑ http://www.basis-wien.at/avdt/htm/053/00058677.htm Article from Der Standard (June 5, 2003)

## Literature

* Die Wiener Schule des Phantastischen Realismus, exh. cat. (Hannover, Kestner-Ges., 1965)
# Arsenije Plamenac

Arsenije Plamenac (Serbian Cyrillic: Арсеније Пламенац; fl. 1766 – 1784) was the Metropolitan of Cetinje between 1781 and 1784, earlier the co-adjutor to Metropolitan Sava Petrović during the reign of Šćepan Mali (1767–73). Plamenac (Plamenać) was from Crmnica, and belonged to the tribe's most notable brotherhood, the Plamenac. His father, Raič, was a priest. His maternal uncle was Sava Petrović. Following the footsteps of his father, and being the nephew of Sava, he quickly elevated through the monastic ranks, becoming a hegumen before his ordination. Sava intended to appoint him his successor in 1766, but was met with opposition from the Montenegrin tribes. The tribes accepted Arsenije after Sava had gained the support of Šćepan Mali, an impostor of Peter III of Russia who sought to rule Montenegro. Šćepan Mali supported Plamenac because he felt at home in Crmnica, and believed he would more easily take control of the whole of Montenegro by the side of Plamenac than the Petrović. Vasilije Brkić, the Patriarch of Peć, who had fled to Montenegro, consecrated Plamenac as a bishop in 1767. After his death, he was succeeded by Petar I Petrović Njegoš.
# Arsenijević

Arsenijević (Serbian Cyrillic: Арсенијевић) is a Serbian surname, a patronymic derived from the given name Arsenije (from Greek Arsenios). It may refer to:
* Milorad Arsenijević (d. 1987), Yugoslav Serbian footballer
* Filip Arsenijević, Serbian footballer
* Stefan Arsenijević (born 1977), Serbian film director
* Nemanja Arsenijević (born 1986), Serbian footballer
* Vladimir Arsenijević (born 1965), Serbian novelist
* Marina Arsenijevic (born 1970), Serbian-born American concert pianist and composer
# Arthur Blake

Arthur Blake may refer to:
* Arthur Blake (American actor) (1914–1985), American actor
* Arthur Blake (English actor) (1929–2001), English actor
* Arthur Blake (hurdler) (born 1966), American hurdler
* Arthur Blake (distance runner) (1872–1944), American middle-distance runner
* Arthur Blake (Royal Navy officer) (1917–1940), British flying ace of the Second World War
* Blind Blake (Arthur Blake, 1896–1934), American blues/ragtime singer and guitarist
# Dunton Cove

Dunton Cove or the Covenanters' Cave is an artificial cave in a craggy outcrop of rocks overlooking the Craufurdland Water just below the confluence of the Dunton Water and the Calf Fauld Water in East Ayrshire, Scotland, close to the village of Waterside. Traditionally it was used as a hiding place for Covenanters in the 17th century during 'The Killing Time' of the 1680s.

## Cave and access

The Dunton Cove is located in a stone cliff above the Craufurdland Water on the east side of the water course, just off the private road leading from Airtnoch Farm through the forestry plantations to Craigendunton and the old reservoir.
The cave is only large enough for a few people and the regular lines of the rectangular opening add emphasis to its artificial origin or creation from a pre-existing cavity.
Several hand and foot holds have been cut into the rock face however access is difficult. Internally the cave has no special features such as a shelf for sitting and its therefore seems to have been used as a short term refuge used whilst soldiers were temporarily in the vicinity.
The opening is obvious from the level of the Craufurdland Water and it is said that a bush such as gorse or willow would be pulled up and tied with ropes over the entrance as camouflage.

## History

The word cove in Scots means 'cave'.
It is noted in the 1856 Ordnance Survey 'Name Book', Volume 27 as being recorded on "Mr. Craufords' Estate" map and local information of its use by Covenanters and its artificial origin was provided by Matthew Dunlop of Craigendunton and John Dunlop of Waterside.
No specific record of the cave's use are recorded however Covenanter sympathies were strong in the area and the 'Fugitive Roll' of May 1684 records "Andrew Gemmil, in Bembreich (Benbeoch); James Lindsay and his son Thomas in Glerfin (Clanfin), and his son, Thomas Lindsay; James Howie and his son, John Howie at Lochgoin Farm and also living at Lochgoin was Isobel Howie, who is known to have gone into hiding after a raid on Lochgoin. Meadowhead and Airtnoch farms were rented by the Covenanter, John Paton."
A story is recorded by one author of soldiers pursuing a group of Covenanters across the moors and upon reaching the Craufurdland Water they became aware that their prey had entered this cave and rather than soak their uniforms crossing the water course they instead fired a number of rounds into the opening and left satisfied that the men had been killed however having laid themselves on the floor they were in fact unscathed.
Several other caves in Ayrshire and beyond are said to have been used as places of concealment by Covenanters, such as the Cleeves Cove on the Dusk Water near Dalry and Peden's Cave on the Lugar Water near Ochiltree.
# Norm form

In mathematics, a norm form is a homogeneous form in n variables constructed from the field norm of a field extension L/K of degree n. That is, writing N for the norm mapping to K, and selecting a basis e$_1$, ..., e$_n$ for L as a vector space over K, the form is given by
    N(x$_1$e$_1$ + ... + x$_n$e$_n$)
in variables x$_1$, ..., x$_n$.
In number theory norm forms are studied as Diophantine equations, where they generalize, for example, the Pell equation. For this application the field K is usually the rational number field, the field L is an algebraic number field, and the basis is taken of some order in the ring of integers O$_L$ of L.
# Noordgouwe

Noordgouwe is a village in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is a part of the municipality of Schouwen-Duiveland, and lies about 12 km north of Zierikzee.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1395 or 1396 as Noortgouda. It has been named after De Gouwe river which separated Schouwen from Duiveland. Noord (north) was the location of the polder on the island. In 1374, permission was granted to polder the salt marshes. Noordgouwe is a circular village around a church which is surrounded by a moat. The village used to be a heerlijkheid.
In 1434, the Carthusian monastery Sion was founded near Noordgouwe. In 1568, during the Reformation it was abandoned and later demolished. The Dutch Reformed church was originally dedicated to the Three Kings' Day. The tower was built shortly after 1462 and contains the entrance to the church. The church was rebuilt after it was destroyed by Spanish troops in 1576. It was restored and extensively modified in 1846.
Noordgouwe was home to 625 people in 1840. It was a separate municipality until 1961, when it was merged with Brouwershaven. In 1997, it became part of the municipality of Schouwen-Duiveland.

## Gallery

* Former hospital
* Former widow houses in Noordgouwe
* Street view (1962)
# Arnold Schwartzman

Arnold Martin Schwartzman OBE RDI is a British designer, author, and film director who in 1982 won an Oscar for Best Documentary Feature, for his film of the reminiscences of Holocaust survivors titled Genocide.

## Early life and family

Arnold Schwartzman was born in east London in 1936. His family moved to Margate, Kent when he was nine years old, where his parents ran the Majestic Hotel in Cliftonville. Schwartzman's first job in the movie industry was in Margate, as the assistant projectionist at the Cameo cinema. He studied at Canterbury College of Art, now University for the Creative Arts. He is married to Isolde.

## Career

Schwartzman's early career was in British television.
In 1982, he won an Oscar for Best Documentary Feature, for Genocide. His other films are Liberation (1994) and Echoes That Remain (1991). He has designed advertisements for the Oscars for several years.
In 1982 he was appointed the director of design for the Los Angeles Olympic Games.

## Honours

Schwartzman was appointed a member of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 2002. In 2006 he was elected a Royal Designer for Industry (RDI). He was made an Honorary Freeman of Margate, his hometown, in September 2023, with his colleague Sir Ben Kingsley attending the ceremony to pay tribute to Schwartzman's career.

## Selected publications

* Phono-Graphics: The visual paraphernalia of the talking machine. Chronicle Books, 1993. ISBN 9780811803021
* Designage: The art of the decorative sign. Chronicle Books, 1999. ISBN 9780811819626
* A Persistence of Vision: Arnold Schwartzman profiles His Work in Graphic Design and Film. Images Publishing Group, 2005. ISBN 9781864701210
* London Art Deco. Hudson Hills Press, Manchester, Vermont, 2006. ISBN 9781555952822
* Art Deco City: The world's most beautiful buildings. Palazzo Editions, 2018. ISBN 9781786750419
* Arts and Crafts: From William Morris to Frank Lloyd Wright. Palazzo Editions, 2021. ISBN 9781786750655
# Arthur Prince

Arthur Prince may refer to,
* Arthur Prince (footballer) (1902–1980), British footballer
* Arthur Prince (ventriloquist) (1881–1948), British ventriloquist
* Arthur Prince, a character played by Paul Stanton in the 1940 film And One Was Beautiful
# Arthur Pritchard

Arthur Brynley Pritchard (22 October 1917 – December 2005) was a Welsh professional footballer who played as a forward in the Football League for Newport County.

## Career

Born in Newport, Wales, Pritchard started his career with local club Oakdale, before signing with hometown club Newport County. Here, he made his professional debut, making four appearances in the Football League. He joined Southern League side Yeovil & Petters United midway through the 1936–37 season, scoring eight goals.
Pritchard joined Colchester United ahead of their inaugural Southern League season in the summer of 1937, starting against his former club Yeovil in their first ever professional match, when Yeovil came out 3–0 victors at the Huish on 28 August 1937. He scored twice in the first professional match to be played at Layer Road on 2 September, scoring the third and fifth goals in a 6–1 win against Bath City. During the 1937–38 season, Pritchard registered 17 league goals in 22 outings, with four goals in four games in the Southern League Cup, and eight goals in eleven games in all other competitions. He also helped the club to win the Southern League Cup in their first season.
The 1938–39 season saw Pritchard become a virtual ever-present in the starting eleven. He scored 34 times in 40 league games, in addition to one goal in two FA Cup appearances, three goals in three Southern League Cup outings and six in fourteen in other competitions, as Colchester went on to win the Southern League title.
Pritchard played his final games for the club during the ill-fated 1939–40 season. He scored a contentious goal in Colchester's delayed Southern League Cup semi-final from the 1938–39 season on 28 August 1939 during a 5–1 win at Carrow Road over Norwich City Reserves. This was to be his last goal for the club. His final match was a 2–1 home defeat by Chelmsford City in the Southern League on 31 August. During his time with Colchester, Pritchard became something of a record setter, becoming the first U's player to hit seven hat-tricks for the club, and two four goal hauls. These records were later broken by Arthur Turner.
As an Army reservist, Pritchard was called to Edinburgh to rejoin his regiment, the Royal Scots Greys as soon as war was declared. The Royal Scots Greys were involved in heavy fighting in the North African Campaign, Italian Campaign and the North West Europe Campaign. As such, Pritchard was twice erroneously reported as killed in action by the local press.

## Honours
### Colchester United

* 1938 Southern League Cup winner
* 1938–39 Southern League winner
    All honours referenced by:
# Arthur Probert

Arthur Reginald Probert (30 September 1907 – 14 February 1975) was a British politician. He served as a Labour Member of Parliament (MP) from 1954 to 1974.
Probert, born in Aberdare, was the son of Albert John Probert, born in Bury Hill, Herefordshire and Margaret Probert, born in Aberaman, Aberdare. He was educated at Aberdare Grammar School, before becoming a local government officer. During World War II, he served with the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve.
After the war, Probert joined the Labour Party, and from 1949 to 1954 was the secretary of the Aberdare Trades and Labour Council. From 1951, he was additionally secretary of the Glamorgan Federation of Trades Councils.
Probert was first elected as an MP to the Commons at the 1954 Aberdare by-election, following the death of Labour MP David Emlyn Thomas. He was a whip from 1959 to 1960, and Parliamentary Private Secretary to Frank Cousins from 1965 to 1966. He then served on the Speaker's Panel of chairmen. He held his seat until he retired at the February 1974 general election, and died at home in Abernant in 1975 aged 67.
# North Carolina State League

The North Carolina State League was a Class D level league in Minor League Baseball. The original version of the league played from 1913 to 1917 as the successor to the Carolina Association. The second version of the league was established in 1937 in part in order to compete with the Piedmont-region independent league, the Carolina League, and ran through 1953 when it combined with the Western Carolina League to form the Tar Heel League.

## Cities represented
### 1913–1917

* Asheville, NC: Asheville Mountaineers 1913–1915; Asheville Tourists 1916–1917
* Charlotte, NC: Charlotte Hornets 1913–1917, moved from Carolina Association 1908–1912
* Durham, NC: Durham Bulls 1913–1917
* Greensboro, NC: Greensboro Patriots 1913–1917, moved from Carolina Association 1908–1912
* Raleigh, NC: Raleigh Capitals 1913–1917
* Winston-Salem, NC: Winston-Salem Twins 1913–1917, moved from Carolina Association 1908–1912

### 1937–1942, 1945–1952

* Albemarle, NC: Albemarle Rockets 1948
* Concord, NC: Concord Weavers 1939–1942, 1945–1948; Concord Nationals 1949–1950; Concord Sports 1951
* Cooleemee, NC: Cooleemee Weavers 1937–1938; Cooleemee Cools 1939; Cooleemee Cards 1940–1941
* Elkin, NC: Elkin Blanketeers 1951–1952
* Gastonia, NC: Gastonia Cardinals 1938, moved to Tar Heel League 1939–1940
* Hickory, NC: Hickory Rebels 1942, 1945–1951, moved to Western Carolina League 1952
* High Point, NC & Thomasville, NC: High Point-Thomasville Hi-Toms 1948–1952, moved to Tar Heel League 1953
* Kannapolis, NC: Kannapolis Towelers 1939-1941
* Landis, NC: Landis Sens 1937-1939; Landis Dodgers 1940; Landis Senators 1941; Landis Millers 1942, 1945–1947; Landis Spinners 1949–1951
* Lexington, NC: Lexington Indians 1937–1942; Lexington A's 1945–1948; Lexington Indians 1949; Lexington A's 1950; Lexington Indians 1951–1952, moved to Tar Heel League 1953
* Mooresville, NC: Mooresville Moors 1937–1942, 1946–1952, Mooresville Braves (1945), moved to Tar Heel League 1953
* Newton, NC & Conover, NC: Newton-Conover Twins 1937–1938, moved to Tar Heel League 1939–1940
* Salisbury, NC: Salisbury Bees 1937–1938; Salisbury Giants 1939–1942; Salisbury Pirates 1945–1952
* Shelby, NC: Shelby Cardinals 1937–1938
* Statesville, NC: Statesville Owls 1942; Statesville Cubs 1945–1946; Statesville Owls 1947–1952
* Thomasville, NC: Thomasville Chairmakers 1937; Thomasville Orioles 1938; Thomasville Tommies 1939–1942; Thomasville Dodgers 1945–1947; see High Point
# Arquebuse-class destroyer

The Arquebuse class was a group of 20 destroyers built for the French Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. Two ships were sunk during the First World War and the others were scrapped after the war.

## Losses

The Catapulte was sunk after a collision with the British steamship Warrimoo near Bizerte, Tunisia, on 18 May 1918.
The Mousquet was sunk off the entrance of Penang harbour in the Strait of Malacca on 28 October 1914 by the German cruiser SMS Emden, which she was attempting to engage.

## Ships

The first 10 ships were provided for in the 1900 Budget, and the second 10 in the 1901 Budget, but all were built under the Programme of 1900. They were numbered M'12 to M'31 respectively.
| Name | Ordered | Laid down | Launched | Completed | Fate |
| Carabine | 4 May 1900 | 15 July 1901 | 21 July 1902 | September 1903 | Sold for scrap 26 July 1919 at Bizerte. |
| Sarbacane | 4 May 1900 | 1 October 1901 | 12 March 1903 | December 1903 | Deleted 1 October 1920; still for sale at Toulon in January 1922. |
| Arquebuse | 1 August 1900 | 1900 | 15 November 1902 | May 1903 | Sold for scrap 1 March 1921 at Bizerte. |
| Arbalète | 1 August 1900 | 23 November 1900 | 28 April 1903 | August 1903 | Sold for scrap 10 May 1921 at Toulon. |
| Mousquet | 14 November 1900 | November 1900 | 7 August 1902 | June 1903 | Sunk 28 October 1914 off Penang. |
| Javeline | 14 November 1900 | November 1900 | 15 October 1902 | 30 June 1903 | Sold for scrap August 1920 at Cherbourg. |
| Sagaie | 7 November 1900 | 1901 | 15 November 1902 | April 1903 | Sold for scrap 12 April 1921 at Lorient. |
| Épieu | 7 November 1900 | 1901 | 17 January 1903 | July 1903 | Sold for scrap 20 May 1922 at Bizerte. |
| Harpon | 14 November 1900 | November 1900 | 20 October 1902 | April 1903 | Sold for scrap 10 July 1922 at Cherbourg. |
| Fronde | 14 November 1900 | January 1901 | 17 January 1903 | April 1903 | Sold for scrap 6 May 1920 at Toulon. |
| Francisque | 5 March 1901 | 5 February 1903 | 2 March 1904 | April 1904 | Sold for scrap 10 July 1922 at Cherbourg. |
| Sabre | 5 March 1901 | 1903 | 15 April 1904 | June 1904 | Sold for scrap 1 June 1921 at Rochefort. |
| Dard | 29 May 1901 | 15 October 1902 | 10 September 1903 | May 1904 | Sold for scrap 20 December 1920 at Bizerte. |
| Baliste | 29 May 1901 | 20 November 1902 | 22 October 1903 | June 1904 | Sold for scrap 6 May 1920 at Toulon. |
| Mousqueton | 29 May 1901 | 1901 | 4 November 1902 | September 1904 | Sold for scrap 15 April 1921 at Bizerte. |
| Arc | 29 May 1901 | 1901 | 24 December 1902 | July 1904 | Sold for scrap 9 January 1921 at Toulon. |
| Pistolet | 22 May 1901 | September 1901 | 29 May 1903 | 21 September 1903 | Sold for scrap 6 May 1920 at Toulon. |
| Bélier | 22 May 1901 | September 1901 | 29 May 1903 | April 1904 | Sold for scrap 20 May 1922 at Bizerte. |
| Catapulte | 29 May 1901 | 1901 | 1 April 1903 | October 1903 | Sunk in collision 18 May 1918 off Bizerte. |
| Bombarde | 29 May 1901 | 6 December 1901 | 26 June 1903 | 26 November 1903 | Sold for scrap 20 April 1921 at Rochefort. |

## Citations

* 1 2 "French Navy in World War I". naval-history.net. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
# Arquelio Torres Ramírez Coliseum

The Arquelio Torres Ramírez Coliseum (Spanish: Coliseo Arquelio Torres Ramírez) is a sports arena in San Germán, Puerto Rico also known as "La Cuna" or "El hogar del monstruo anaranjado". It has capacity for 5000 people. It has recently been remodeled in preparation for the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games. The basketball club Atléticos de San Germán host their home games at the Coliseum.
# Arqueles Vela

Arqueles Vela (Guatemala/Tapachula 1899 – Mexico City 1977) was a Mexican writer, journalist and teacher, of Guatemalan origin. He was one of the major members of the Stridentism movement and author of La señorita Etcétera (1922), one of the earliest avant-garde narrative works.
He used to publish some articles with the pen-name "Silvestre Paradox" in the Mexican newspaper "El Universal Ilustrado", even though other journalists published with that pen-name too.

## Works
### Poetry and narrative

* El sendero gris y otros poemas inútiles (1920)
* La señorita Etcétera (1922)
* El café de nadie (1926)
* Un crimen provisional (1926)
* El intrasferible (1927; published again in 1977)
* El viaje redondo (1929)
* Cantata a las muchachas fuertes y alegres de México (1940)
* Cuentos del día y de la noche (1945)
* La volanda (1956)
* El picaflor (1961)
* Luzbel (1966)

### Essays

* Introducción, organización, interpretación y dirección del teatro de muñecos, Historia materialista del arte (1936).
* Evolución histórica de la literatura universal (1941).
* El arte y la estética (1945).
* Teoría literaria del modernismo (1949).
* Elementos del lenguaje y didáctica de la expresión (1953).
* Fundamentos de la literatura mexicana (1953).
* Análisis de la expresión literaria (1965).
# Aron Royé

Aron Royé (born 3 April 1988) is a Dutch basketball player who last played for Apollo Amsterdam in the Dutch Basketball League (DBL).

## Career

Royé started his career in Leiden with Zorg en Zekerheid Leiden. After two seasons, Royé left for the Hanzevast Capitals from Groningen. With the club from Groningen, that later played under the name GasTerra Flames, Royé won the national championship in 2010 and the Dutch Cup in 2011. In the summer of 2011 Royé decided to play for amateur team Apollo Amsterdam in the Dutch second division. When Apollo turned professional in 2012, Royé reentered the Dutch Basketball League. In his first season with Amsterdam, Royé averaged 16.3 points per game, which made him fourth best scorer in the DBL. He also made the All-Star Team that year. In August 2013 his contract was extended.
On 11 July 2014 Royé signed a 2-year deal with Port of Den Helder Kings. In December, Kings went bankrupt and Royé transferred to his former team, Apollo Amsterdam.
On 31 May 2017 Royé signed a 2-year contract for a second stint with Donar. On 28 December Royé left Donar.
On 12 January 2018 Royé returned to Apollo Amsterdam.

## 3x3 Basketball

Royé played with the Dutch national 3x3 basketball team at the 2018 FIBA 3x3 World Cup, where he won a silver medal. He played his second tournament in the 2019 FIBA 3x3 World Cup.