OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# PAPA syndrome

PAPA syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterised by its effects on skin and joints. The acronym PAPA stands for pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum and acne.

## Signs and symptoms

PAPA syndrome usually begins with arthritis at a young age, with the skin changes more prominent from the time of puberty.
The arthritis is the predominant feature, noted by its juvenile onset and destructive course. Individuals often recall episodes of arthritis precipitated by a traumatic event. With repeated episodes the joints become damaged with multiple joint replacements required. Hopefully, with improved treatment options, the damage will be limited in new cases.
Pyoderma gangrenosum is variably expressed, which means that it is not always present in all individuals with the disease. It presents as poorly healing ulcers with undermined edges. Pathergy is an important feature (this term refers to the tendency of ulcers to arise at points of injury). There are reports of lesions developing at the site of a joint replacement wound, central venous line and intravenous drip insertion.
Acne affects most individuals with PAPA syndrome but to a variable degree. It is usually of a severe nodulocystic type which if untreated results in scarring.

## Genetics

PAPA syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, which means that if one parent is affected, there is a 100% chance that a child will inherit the disease from a homozygous affected parent and a 50% chance that a child will inherit the disease from an affected heterozygous parent.
The responsible gene has been identified on chromosome 15. Two mutations have been found in a protein called CD2 binding protein 1 (CD2BP1). This protein is part of an inflammatory pathway associated with other autoinflammatory diseases such as familial Mediterranean fever, hyperimmunoglobulinemia D with recurrent fever, Muckle–Wells syndrome, neonatal onset multisystem inflammatory disease, and familial cold urticaria.

## Diagnosis

Clinical features along with the familial tendency may be enough to make a diagnosis. Genetic testing may also be used.

## Treatment

Acne treatment may require oral tetracycline antibiotics or isotretinoin. Treatments directed at tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (infliximab, etanercept) and interleukin-1 (anakinra) have shown a good response in resistant arthritis and pyoderma gangrenosum. Other traditional immunosuppressant treatments for arthritis or pyoderma gangrenosum may also be used.
# Bajaji Rao Naik Nimbalkar

Bajajirao Mudhoji Naik Nimbalkar was a Maratha nobleman and sixteenth Raja of Phaltan Jagir during 1644–1676. He was sardar of Deccan Sultanates and Maratha nobleman.

## Life

He succeeded throne of Phaltan after his father Naik Nimbalkar Mudhoji II. He was sixteenth direct descent from Padakla Jagdevrao Parmar, the founder of his dynasty and Phaltan. Bajaji was the brother-in-law of Shivaji, the founder of Maratha Empire, as his sister Maharani Saibai was his first wife. His sons were Mahadaji and Vanangoji. Mahadaji married Sakhubai, the eldest daughter of Shivaji and Saibai. He converted back to Hinduism from Islam later on and his conversion was performed by Shivaji according to Hindu Vedic rites.

## Career

He fought many battles for the Islamic Sultans of Deccan and later for the Marathas. However, it is said that he embraced the Muslim religion in the court of the Adil Shahi Dynasty after pressure for him to join Islam. Later, Shivaji brought him back in the Hindu religion at Nira-Narsingpur and he had given his daughter to Bajaji's Son. Bajaji also married Ahirekar Patil and Bhosale Kinhaikar's daughters when he returned to the Hindu religion.
# Finland at the 1952 Summer Olympics

Finland was the host nation for the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. 258 competitors, 228 men and 30 women, took part in 139 events in 18 sports. The nation won 22 medals.

## Basketball
### Men's Team Competition

* Main Round (Group B)
** Lost to Mexico (48-66)
** Lost to Soviet Union (35-47)
** Lost to Bulgaria (64-65) → did not advance, 16th place
* Team Roster
** Juhani Kyöstilä
** Raine Nuutinen
** Raimo Lindholm
** Timo Suviranta
** Kauko Heinänen
** Pentti Laaksonen
** Oiva Virtanen
** Esko Karhunen
** Eero Salonen
** Pertti Mutru
** Tuomo Ristola
** Tapio Pöyhönen

## Cycling
### Road Competition

Men's Individual Road Race (190.4 km)
* Raino Koskenkorva — 5:23:34.6 (→ 42nd place)
* Paul Backman — did not finish (→ no ranking)
* Paul Nyman — did not finish (→ no ranking)
* Ruben Forsblom — did not finish (→ no ranking)

### Track Competition

Men's 1.000m Time Trial
* Onni Kasslin
** Final — 1:15.3 (→ 14th place)
Men's 1.000m Sprint Scratch Race
* Helge Törn — 27th and last place

## Diving

Men's 3m Springboard
* Helge Vasenius
** Preliminary Round — 65.41 points (→ 14th place)
* Olavi Heinonen
** Preliminary Round — 58.06 points (→ 29th place)

## Fencing

11 fencers, 8 men and 3 women, represented Finland in 1952.

### Men's foil

* Kurt Lindeman
* Heikki Raitio

### Men's épée

* Erkki Kerttula
* Rolf Wiik
* Heikki Raitio

### Men's team épée

* Kauko Jalkanen, Erkki Kerttula, Rolf Wiik, Nils Sjöblom, Jaakko Vuorinen, Paavo Miettinen

### Women's foil

* Maggie Kalka
* Marianne Sjöblom
* Taimi Mattsson

## Modern pentathlon

Three male pentathletes represented Finland in 1952, winning bronze in the team event.

### Individual

* Ole Mannonen
* Lauri Vilkko
* Olavi Rokka

### Team

* Ole Mannonen
* Lauri Vilkko
* Olavi Rokka

## Rowing

Finland had 26 male rowers participate in all seven rowing events in 1952.

### Men's single sculls

* Sevi Holmsten

### Men's double sculls

* Keijo Koivumäki
* Eero Koivumäki

### Men's coxless pair

* Bengt Ahlström
* Stig Winter

### Men's coxed pair

* Veijo Mikkolainen
* Toimi Pitkänen
* Erkki Lyijynen (cox)

### Men's coxless four

* Veikko Lommi
* Kauko Wahlsten
* Oiva Lommi
* Lauri Nevalainen

### Men's coxed four

* Kurt Grönholm
* Paul Stråhlman
* Birger Karlsson
* Karl-Erik Johansson
* Antero Tukiainen (cox)

### Men's eight

* Tor Lundsten
* Birger Andersson
* Eero Lehtovirta
* Yrjö Hakoila
* Antti Arell
* Harry Wikman
* Esko Lyytikkä
* Klaus Lampi
* Toivo Räsänen (cox)

## Shooting

Eleven shooters represented Finland in 1952. Vilho Ylönen won a silver medal in the 50 m rifle, three positions and Tauno Mäki won a bronze medal in the 100m running deer.

### 25 m pistol

* Pentti Linnosvuo
* Veli-Jussi Hölsö

### 50 m pistol

* Klaus Lahti
* Oiva Tylli

### 300 m rifle, three positions

* Vilho Ylönen
* Pauli Janhonen

### 50 m rifle, three positions

* Vilho Ylönen
* Kullervo Leskinen

### 50 m rifle, prone

* Kullervo Leskinen
* Vilho Ylönen

### 100m running deer

* Tauno Mäki
* Yrjö Miettinen

### Trap

* Konrad Huber
* Sven-Erik Rosenlew
# Finland at the 1956 Summer Olympics

Finland competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia and Stockholm, Sweden (equestrian events). 64 competitors, 63 men and 1 woman, took part in 62 events in 14 sports.

## Medalists
### Gold

* Pentti Linnosvuo — Shooting, Men's Free Pistol
* Rauno Mäkinen — Wrestling, Men's Greco-Roman Featherweight
* Kyösti Lehtonen — Wrestling, Men's Greco-Roman Lightweight

### Silver

* Olavi Mannonen — Modern Pentathlon, Men's Individual Competition

### Bronze

* Voitto Hellsten — Athletics, Men's 400 metres
* Veikko Karvonen — Athletics, Men's Marathon
* Jorma Valkama — Athletics, Men's Long Jump
* Pentti Hämäläinen — Boxing, Men's Featherweight
* Raimo Heinonen, Onni Lappalainen, Olavi Leimuvirta, Berndt Lindfors, Martti Mansikka, and Kalevi Suoniemi — Gymnastics, Men's Team Combined Exercises
* Wäinö Korhonen — Modern Pentathlon, Men's Individual Competition
* Berndt Katter, Wäinö Korhonen, and Olavi Mannonen — Modern Pentathlon, Men's Team Competition
* Kauko Hänninen, Veli Lehtelä, Matti Niemi, Toimi Pitkänen, and Reino Poutanen — Rowing, Men's Coxed Fours
* Vilho Ylönen — Shooting, Men's Free Rifle, Three Positions
* Erkki Penttilä — Wrestling, Men's Freestyle Featherweight
* Taisto Kangasniemi — Wrestling, Men's Freestyle Heavyweight

## Athletics

Men's Marathon
* Veikko Karvonen — 2:27:47 (→ Bronze Medal)
* Eino Oksanen — 2:36:10 (→ 10th place)
* Paavo Kotila — 2:37:10 (→ 13th place)

## Cycling
### Sprint

* Paul Nyman — 18th place

### Time trial

* Paul Nyman — 1:16.1 (→ 18th place)

### Individual road race

* Paul Nyman — 5:23:40 (→ 11th place)

## Diving

Men's 10m Platform
* Helge Vasenius
** Preliminary Round — 66.63 (→ did not advance, 16th place)

## Fencing

Two fencers, both men, represented Finland in 1956.

### Men's épée

* Rolf Wiik
* Wäinö Korhonen

## Modern pentathlon

Three male pentathletes represented Finland in 1956. Wäinö Korhonen won the bronze and Ole Mannonen won the silver in the individual event. In the team event, the Finnish pentathletes won bronze.

### Individual

* Ole Mannonen
* Wäinö Korhonen
* Berndt Katter

### Team

* Ole Mannonen
* Wäinö Korhonen
* Berndt Katter

## Rowing

Finland had five male rowers participate in two out of seven rowing events in 1956.

### Men's coxless four

* Kauko Hänninen
* Reino Poutanen
* Veli Lehtelä
* Toimi Pitkänen

### Men's coxed four

* Kauko Hänninen
* Reino Poutanen
* Veli Lehtelä
* Toimi Pitkänen
* Matti Niemi (cox)

## Shooting

Four shooters represented Finland in 1956. Pentti Linnosvuo won gold in the 50 m pistol and Vilho Ylönen won bronze in the 300 m rifle, three positions.

### 25 m pistol

* Pentti Linnosvuo
* Kalle Sievänen

### 50 m pistol

* Pentti Linnosvuo
* Kalle Sievänen

### 300 m rifle, three positions

* Vilho Ylönen
* Jorma Taitto

### 50 m rifle, three positions

* Vilho Ylönen
* Jorma Taitto

### 50 m rifle, prone

* Vilho Ylönen
* Jorma Taitto

## Wrestling

* Viljo Punkari
# P. Uthirapathy

P. Uthirapathy is an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as a Communist Party of India candidate from Tiruthuraipundi constituency in 1977 and 1984 elections and as a Communist Party of India (Marxist) candidate in 1980 election.
# Fiery spiny mouse

The fiery spiny mouse (Acomys ignitus) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae found in Kenya and Tanzania. Its natural habitats are dry savanna and rocky areas. It may be found as a commensal in human habitations.

## Description

While most spiny mice are small in size, the fiery spiny mouse (A. ignitus) is slightly larger, measuring at approximately 10 cm in length. The species gets its name from the hair on their coats that are connected in groups. These groups of hair are stiff guard hairs, resembling tiny quills and they are able to separate from the skin quite easily. Unlike other species in the genus, the fiery spiny mouse does not lose its bare, scaled tail as easily.
The fiery spiny mouse varies in color from a deep brown to a reddish mixed with some black on its back while the belly is white. The dorsal surface color has also been described as being orange in color. It has medium-sized ears and black eyes.

## Distribution and habitat

The fiery spiny mouse is found in Northeastern Tanzania, near the Usambara Mountains and in Southern Kenya. It has a strictly confined habitat, occupying primarily rocky habitats in dry savannas in lower altitudes between 700 meters to 1,000 meters. The species is isolated on cliffs and outcrops and as a result, there's uneven distribution among populations.
However, it's not uncommon to find the species in gardens, grain storage units and straw huts. In human settlements, the fiery spiny mouse has an advantage when competing against Wilson's spiny mouse (A. wilsoni), gaining preferred resources. With human settlements there's more dietary resources, like seeds.

## Phylogeny

The fiery mouse is in the order Rodentia and in the family Muridae. It is thought to be most closely related to Acomys pulchellus, Acomys kempi, Acomys montanus, and Acomys cahirinus.

## Diet

The fiery spiny mouse is omnivorous, even though it primarily eats grains, it also eat insects. They drink water easily and in dry bush country, they suck the water from leaves.

## Behavior

Generally, fiery spiny mice are gentle in nature and rarely bite. They are also described as being very shy. However, in some cases, when living in groups, an individual will kill and somewhat eat the other members of the group. This was a behavior that was observed primarily in captivity. The fiery spiny mouse is nocturnal, doing most of its activity in the night hours.
# Baixo Alentejo

Baixo Alentejo may refer to:
* Baixo Alentejo Province (1936-1976)
* Baixo Alentejo (intermunicipal community) (NUTS 3 region)
# Baixo Longa

Baixo Longa is a city and commune of Angola, located in the province of Cuando Cubango.
# Owl moth

Owl moth is a common name for various types of moths, mainly species in the family Brahmaeidae; it may refer to:

## Family Brahmaeidae

* Brahmaea certhia, the Sino-Korean owl moth
* Brahmaea europaea, the European owl moth
* Brahmaea japonica, the Japanese owl moth
* Brahmaea tancrei, the Siberian owl moth
* Brahmaea wallichii

## Other moth species

* Anticarsia irrorata
* Cometaster pyrula, the faint owl moth or yin-yang moth
* Thysania zenobia
# Oxnard (disambiguation)

Oxnard may refer to:

## Places

* Oxnard, California, a city in Ventura County, California, U.S.

## Arts, entertainment, and media

* Oxnard (album), a 2018 album by Anderson Paak
* Oxnard, Hamtaro character
# Oxnard Air Force Base

Oxnard Air Force Base is a former United States Air Force base, in the city of Camarillo, California.

## History

Camarillo Airport was established in 1942, when the California State Highway Department built an auxiliary landing field with a 5,000 ft (1,500 m) runway. During World War II the 36th Flying Training Wing (U.S. Army Air Forces) supervised contractors training pilots at the airfield. In 1951 The runway was extended to 8,000 ft (2,400 m) to accommodate what by then had developed into Oxnard Air Force Base. In the 1950s, the base was home to the 354th Fighter Interceptor Squadron. The base fielded F101 Voodoo interceptors, which had a cameo appearance in the movie "The Russians Are Coming, The Russians Are Coming (1966). In the mid-1960s they were replaced, when the base received 17 new F-106 Delta Darts. The base was highlighted in U.S. Air Force Training Film "Nuclear Attack Preparedness Procedures: Survive to Fight".
On January 1, 1970, Oxnard AFB was deactivated and the base became surplus property. Oxnard had 99 officers and 990 enlisted personnel before its closing. The last commanding officer of the 414th Fighter Group was Colonel Paul D. Cofer.
# Oxysternon conspicillatum

Oxysternon conspicillatum is a species of dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. It is found in both evergreen and semi-deciduous mesic forests, including disturbed habitats, ranging from near sea level to an altitude of 3,000 m (9,800 ft) in the Amazon basin and Chocó of tropical South America and Panama, possibly extending as far west as the border region with Costa Rica. Both adults and young of this common and widespread beetle primarily feed on dung, but the species has also been recorded feeding on dead animals.
O. conspicillatum has been studied as a potential source for antimicrobial agents, with the possible use of its host defense peptides in the development of new antibiotics.

## Appearance

Adult O. conspicillatum have a length of 1.6–3.1 cm (0.63–1.22 in). The species exhibits some sexual dimorphism; large ("major") males have a large black horn on their head and two spikes on their pronotum while females' lack these. However, small ("minor") males are more female-like in their appearance, with the smallest essentially lacking a horn and pronotum spikes.
The species typically is metallic green, but occasionally it can be metallic dark blue or blue-green. Blue individuals were initially described as a separate species, O. oberthuri, and are sometimes still recognized as a distinct species or a subspecies of O. conspicillatum, but there are no differences except for the color, intermediates occur, and there is no geographical pattern (all colors may occur together), leading recent authorities to typically consider them as color phases of a single monotypic species.
# Finnish gunboat Klas Horn

Klas Horn was originally the Kazarski-class torpedo gunboat Posadnik of the Imperial Russian Navy. One of three built for the Russian Baltic Fleet, Posednik was used as a despatch vessel during World War I. During the Russian Revolution, Finland declared independence from the Russian Empire and the ship, which lay abandoned in Finnish waters, was taken over by the newly formed Finnish Navy and renamed Klas Horn, after a 16th-century admiral. Klas Horn ended her Finnish Navy service in the 1930s. The ship was broken up for scrap in 1938.

## Design and description

The Kazarski class were an early Russian design of torpedo gunboats. The ships measured 60.20 metres (197 ft 6 in) long with a beam of 7.42 m (24 ft 4 in) and a draught of 3.25 m (10 ft 8 in). They had a displacement of 420 tonnes (410 long tons) and had a complement of 65 officers and ratings. They were propelled by one shaft powered by a vertical triple expansion engine fed steam by two Ioco boilers rated at 3,500 indicated horsepower (2,600 kW). The Kazarskis sported a single funnel. They had a maximum speed of 21 knots (39 km/h; 24 mph) and could carry 90 tonnes (89 long tons; 99 short tons) of coal for fuel. They were initially armed with six 3-pounder (47 mm) guns and three 1-pounder guns. The Kazarskis were also equipped with two 15-inch (380 mm) torpedo tubes. One was fixed in the bow while the other was deck-mounted and could be trained at targets.
The vessel underwent a series of modifications during her existence. In 1907 Posadnik had her 3-pounder guns replaced with two 57 mm (2.2 in)/40 calibre guns. In 1910 the ship was rearmed with two 75 mm (3.0 in) guns, two 57 mm guns, two machine guns and the bow torpedo tube was removed. In 1911, Posadnik underwent another change, having the bow 75 mm gun swapped out for a 4-inch (100 mm)/60 calibre gun. In 1917, the second 75 mm gun was swapped out for a 4-inch gun.

## Construction and career

Posadnik was constructed at the Schichau shipyard in Elbing, Germany. The vessel was laid down in 1891 and launched on 13 April 1892. During World War I, Posadnik was used as a despatch vessel for the Baltic Fleet. During the Bolshevik Revolution, Finland declared independence from the Russian Empire in 1918. The basis for the new nation's navy were a series of former Russian vessels abandoned during the revolution in Finnish waters. Posadnik was taken over in March 1918 and renamed Klas Horn for a a 16th-century admiral. The ship was stricken in 1937 and broken up for scrap in 1938.
# Baldomero Sanín Cano

Baldomero Sanín Cano (27 June 1861 in Rionegro, Antioquia – 12 May 1957 in Bogotá) was a Colombian essayist, journalist, linguist, humanist and university professor.
He graduated as a teacher in the Normal de Rionegro, in the department of Antioquia, and became undersecretary of the Reyes administration and ambassador of Colombia in England. He was a collaborator of the Hispania magazine and an editor of the newspaper La Nación of Buenos Aires. He served as a minister in Argentina 1934. He was a member of the Academia Colombiana de la Lengua. He was also Rector of the University of El Cauca in Popayan and also collaborator of El Tiempo in Bogota.

## Works

* La administración Reyes 1904–1909 (1909)
* Colombia hace sesenta años (1888)
* An elementary Spanish grammar (1918)
* La civilización manual y otros ensayos (1925)
* Indagaciones e imágenes (1926)
* Manual de historia de la literatura española (1926)
* Crítica y arte (1932)
* Divagaciones filológicas y apólogos literarios (1934)
* Ensayos (1942)
* De mi vida y otras vidas (1949)
* El humanismo y el progreso del hombre (1955)
* Pesadumbre de la belleza y otros cuentos y apólogos (1957)
* Letras colombianas (1984).
# Ronzone

Ronzone (Renzón in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 369 and an area of 5.3 square kilometres (2.0 sq mi).
Ronzone borders the following municipalities: Fondo, Malosco, Sarnonico and Eppan.
# Wipperfelder Bach

Wipperfelder Bach is a river of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is 3.4 kilometres (2.1 mi) long. It is an orographic right tributary of the Kürtener Sülz.

## Topography

The river rises at the southern edge of Unterholl at 271 metres (889 ft) above sea level. From here, the creek flows south. The river drains a catchment area of about 3 square kilometres (1.2 sq mi). The Wipper Felderbach has an average water depth of about 25 centimetres (0.82 ft).

## Ecosystem

One of the native animals of the river is the Brown Trout.
# Adenanthos sericeus subsp. sericeus

Adenanthos sericeus subsp. sericeus, commonly known as coastal woollybush, is a shrub native to the south coast of Western Australia. It has bright red but small and obscure flowers, and very soft, deeply divided, hairy leaves. It is the western subspecies of Adenanthos sericeus (woolly bush), occurring mostly in the vicinity of King George Sound.

## Description

As with the species in general, this subspecies grows as an upright, spreading shrub, or occasionally a small tree. It has erect branches that are covered in short hairs when young, but these are lost with age. Flowers are bright red, and the fruit is an oval-shaped achene about 5 mm (0.2 in) long.
The leaves of this subspecies are typically over 30 mm (1.2 in) long, and divided into many laciniae: average numbers range from 11 to 35, but individual leaves may have up to 50. In this way it differs from the other subspecies, A. sericeus subsp. sphalma, which has smaller leaves typically divided into around 6 laciniae, and rarely more than 12.

### Discovery and naming

As the autonymic subspecies, the subspecies name necessarily encompasses the type specimen of the species, and is treated as having been automatically published upon publication of the species name by Jacques Labillardière in 1805. However the name did not come into use until Ernest Charles Nelson published A. sericeus subsp. sphalma in 1978.
The placement of A. sericeus subsp. sericeus in Nelson's arrangement of Adenanthos may be summarised as follows:
    Adenanthos
       A. sect. Eurylaema (4 species)
       A. sect. Adenanthos
          A. drummondii
          A. dobagii
          A. apiculatus
          A. linearis
          A. pungens (2 subspecies)
          A. gracilipes
          A. venosus
          A. dobsonii
          A. glabrescens (2 subspecies)
          A. ellipticus
          A. cuneatus
          A. stictus
          A. ileticos
          A. forrestii
          A. eyrei
          A. cacomorphus
          A. flavidiflorus
          A. argyreus
          A. macropodianus
          A. terminalis
          A. sericeus
             A. sericeus subsp. sericeus
             A. sericeus subsp. sphalma
          A. × cunninghamii
          A. oreophilus
          A. cygnorum (2 subspecies)
          A. meisneri
          A. velutinus
          A. filifolius
          A. labillardierei
          A. acanthophyllus

## Distribution and habitat

Adenanthos sericeus subsp. sericeus occurs mostly around King George Sound, extending west as far as Torbay Inlet and east almost to Cape Riche; it sometimes occurs very close to the sea. It is calcifuge, occurring only in siliceous sands derived from weathered granite. Thus most populations are associated with granite monadnocks. Though its range is restricted, it is locally common and often dominant.