OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Low arousal theory

The low arousal theory is a psychological theory explaining that people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and antisocial personality disorder seek self-stimulation by excessive activity in order to transcend their state of abnormally low arousal. This low arousal results in the inability or difficulty to sustain attention on any task of waning stimulation or novelty, as well as explaining compulsive hyperactive behavior.
A person with low arousal reacts less to stimuli than one without. This individual, according to Hare (1970) is "in a chronic state of 'stimulus-hunger'". To further explain, Mawson and Mawson (1977) claim that the individual needs more "sensory inputs" to feel normal.

## Causes

Researchers are unsure what causes low emotional arousal. Researchers have proposed three theories that could account for the low emotional arousal. The first theory stresses that emotional arousal is highly genetic. Secondly, some with low emotional arousal show underarousal of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA axis). The HPA axis is responsible for the body's stress response. Because there is thought to be underarousal of the HPA axis, studies have shown that this causes reduced secretion of epinephrine and cortisol. These two hormones are responsible for the physiological response to a threat. Third, low emotion arousal often elicits hypoactivity of the amygdala. The amygdala in the brain is part of the limbic system, and is responsible for processing and regulating emotions. This could possibly explain as to why those with low arousal often lack empathy as well as emotional reactivity to other people.

## Antisocial personality disorder

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is characterized by repeated deceitfulness, impulsivity, irritability, and aggressiveness since 15 years old. Persons diagnosed with this disorder often score low on fear conditioning. The lack of the empathy associated with ASPD is thought to be linked to the low arousal theory. A study conducted showed that people diagnosed with ASPD showed less physiological arousal to pictures of people crying than people who were not. ADHD is often a precursor for ASPD. ADHD often co-occurs with conduct disorders 30–50% of the time; this can lead to the development of aggressive behavior which projects a higher likelihood of a person developing ASPD.

## Noise and performance

ADHD is related to an incorrectly functioning dopamine system. In a study, the best performance was exhibited when stimuli caused a certain amount of psychological arousal. When using sound to help brain function, also known as stochastic resonance, it was found that significantly more noise is required to improve the performance of those with ADHD, since they have less dopamine (hypodopaminergia).
# Borghild Rud

Borghild Rud (20 March 1910 – 25 June 1999) was a Norwegian artist and illustrator.
Borghild Eline Rud was born at Ringsaker in Hedmark, Norway. She was the daughter of Mons Nilsen Rud (1873–1927) and Emma Johanne Nergaard (1882–1947) and was a sister of editor Nils Johan Rud. She attended the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry where she trained under Eivind Nielsen from 1925 to 1926 and with Halfdan Strøm and Jean Heiberg from 1926 until 1930. She debuted at the Autumn Exhibition (Høstutstillingen) in Oslo during 1926. She was awarded the Benneches legat for 1928–29.
She worked for the magazine Arbeidermagasinet (later renamed Magasinet for Alle) from 1929 to 1970. Her brother edited the magazine from 1932 to 1970. She provided illustrates for books including Haugtussa by Arne Garborg and Markens gröda by Knut Hamsun. She is often most well known for her collaborations with Alf Prøysen. She is particularly familiar with the drawings of Alf Prøysen's literary character Mrs. Pepperpot (Teskjekjerringa). An almost 30-year long collaboration between Rud and Prøysen resulted in almost a thousand drawings. She made illustrations for over 800 of his texts, including all but one of his "stubben" (short works of prose) in Arbeidermagasinet.
# Hastula venus

Hastula venus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Terebridae, the auger snails.
# Orca Bates

Orca Bates (born 1976) was the favorite model for artist Jamie Wyeth. He was first painted in late 1989, and numerous times over the next five years. Orca was a "wild child", described by Jamie as "more of a seagull than a person". Orca's parents, Daniel and Amy Bates, had divorced by the time Orca was 12. Both remarried and continued to live on Manana Island (adjacent to Monhegan island, about 10 miles [16 km] off Pemaquid Point on the mainland), where they were neighbors of Jamie Wyeth. Orca and his younger sister, Kila, split their time between the two households.
Orca currently lives in Pine Island, New York. He married Colleen Dougherty in 2011. Orca's younger half-brother, Cat Bates (born 1986), also modeled for Jamie Wyeth in 1995.
Wyeth's paintings of Orca Bates include:
* "Portrait of Orca Bates," 1989, oil on panel, 50 x 40 in., William A Farnsworth Library & Art Museum, standing holding a large bird
* “Orca Bates,” 1990, oil on panel, 40 x 40 in., collection of Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, Bentonville, Arkansas
* "Orca" 1990, Standing in blue uniform, 50 x 44 in.
* Screen Door to the Sea, 1994, oil on panel, 36 x 30 in.

## Additional reading

Anderson, Cindy, "A Portrait of Orca Bates", Yankee, Vol. 60, No. 9, Sept. 1996, pp. 54–127

## Footnotes

* ↑ Anderson, Cindy, "A Portrait of Orca Bates", Yankee, Vol. 60, No. 9, Sept. 1996, p. 124
* ↑ Standring, Timothy J., Wyeth: Andrew & Jamie in the Studio, Yale University Press, 2015, p. 44
* ↑ https://freepressonline.com/Content/Columnists/Picturing-Maine-by-Chris-Crosman/Article/Jamie-Wyeth-s-Orca-Bates-/50/772/31001 Crosman, Christopher, "Jamie Wyeth's "Orca Bates"" in The Free Press, Feb. 26, 2014
* ↑ https://whyy.org/articles/a-voyage-to-wyeths-magical-islands/ Conway, Terry, "A Voyage to Wyeth’s Magical Islands", Newsworks, Jan. 21, 2015
* ↑ Anderson, Cindy, "A Portrait of Orca Bates", Yankee, Vol. 60, No. 9, Sept. 1996, p. 56
* ↑ http://www.jeanneschinto.com/commentaries/category/monhegan-island Schinto, Jeanne, "Jamie Wyeth's Retrospective", July 18, 2014
* ↑ Anderson, Cindy, "A Portrait of Orca Bates", Yankee, Vol. 60, No. 9, Sept. 1996, p. 123
* ↑ https://www.facebook.com/OrcaBates/about?section=year-overviews&lst=100038133961397%3A1085797925%3A1560533003 Facebook
* ↑ Anderson, Cindy, "A Portrait of Orca Bates", Yankee, Vol. 60, No. 9, Sept. 1996, p. 127
# Zé Luiz (footballer, born 1974)

José Luiz Seabra Filho (born 25 January 1974 in Bauru, Brazil), simply known as Zé Luiz, is a naturalized from Trinidad and Tobago football defender.

## Career

Zé Luiz signed for W Connection in 2000. His previous clubs include Noroeste and Botafogo-SP.

### International career

He made his debut for the Trinidad and Tobago national team in January 2005 in a friendly against Azerbaijan. However, he was unable to feature for Trinidad and Tobago at the 2006 World Cup because he did not gain full citizenship in time.
# Trichrous vittatus

Trichrous vittatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Fisher in 1932.
# Masonoceras

Masonoceras is a genus of Karagondoceratids from Lower Mississippian strata, the shell of which is thinly subdiscoidal to discoidal with an acute ventral margin in late ontogeny. Whorls are strongly embracing, the umbilicus narrow to occlude. The mature external suture contains a wide trifid ventral lobe, the flanking prongs longer than the medial, an asymmetrically rounded lateral saddle and a deeper asymmetric pointed lateral lobe. Internal molds of the type, Mesoceras Kentuckiense show the presence of a broad hyponomic sinus flanked by high rounded vantrolateral salients.
Mesonoceras is similar in general form to this probable ancestor Karagandoceras but differs primarily in its pointed asymmetric lateral lobe, that of Karagandoceras is more symmetric.
# Cedar Point Wind Farm

Cedar Point Wind Farm is a 252.3 megawatt (MW) wind farm in eastern Colorado, United States, north of the town of Limon. It was the second largest wind facility in the state when it was completed in 2011. The electricity is being sold to Xcel Energy under a 20-year power purchase agreement.

## Facility details

The facility is located on about 20,000 acres of leased private land 80 miles east of Denver. It extends across western Lincoln County and crosses a few miles into Elbert County. 42 miles of new overhead transmission line carry the electricity to the Xcel Energy substation near Deer Trail in Arapahoe County.
Renewable Energy Systems developed and constructed the project. Numerous turbine components were produced at Vestas' manufacturing facilities in Colorado. Construction began in August 2010 and completed in September 2011, employing about 365 workers. The construction included 139 - 1.8 MW Vestas turbines, two substations, one operations and maintenance building, and transmission lines. The facility is owned and operated by Enbridge, employing about 12 permanent workers. It generates enough electricity to meet the needs of about 80,000 Colorado homes.

## Electricity production

Cedar Point Wind Farm Generation (MW·h) :
| Year | Total Annual MW·h |
| 2011 | 315,018* |
| 2012 | 867,709 |
| 2013 | 757,472 |
| 2014 | 764,234 |
| 2015 | 645,035 |
| 2016 | 661,318 |
| 2017 | 743,686 |
| 2018 | 726,656 |
| 2019 | 589,976 |
| 2020 | 710,181 |
| 2021 | 495,999 |
| Average (years 2012–2021) ---> | 696,226 |
(*) partial year of operation
# Catullus 7

Catullus 7 is a poem by Catullus addressed to his mistress Lesbia. Similar to Catullus 5, this poem revels in counting kisses, with a touch of stellar voyeurism.
The meter of this poem is hendecasyllabic, a common form in Catullus' poetry.

## Footnotes

* ↑ There are several mythological and historical figures called Battus, and it is unclear to which one Catullus was referring.
# Lu Yun-chang

Lu Yun-chang (Chinese: 呂雲章, 14 September 1891 – 19 June 1974) was a Chinese politician. She was among the first group of women elected to the Legislative Yuan in 1948.

## Biography

Lu was born in Nanchang County in Jiangxi Province to a family from the village of Liugong in Fushan County [zh] in Shandong Province. She attended Peking Normal Women's University [zh], graduating from the Department of Chinese Literature. She subsequently worked as an education inspector in Hebei and Anhui provinces, as headteacher of a girls' school in Tong County in Hebei and as director at Beijing Normal University.
In the 1948 elections to the Legislative Yuan, she ran as a Kuomintang candidate in Shandong and was elected to parliament. She relocated to Taiwan during the Chinese Civil War, where she remained a member of the Legislative Yuan until her death in 1974.
# Lyn Parker

Lynette Parker is an Australian social and cultural anthropologist. She is an Emerita Professor and an elected fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia. She has studied contemporary Indonesia and in particular Bali.

## Life

Parker took her first degree in Asian Studies and her doctorate at the Australian National University before undertaking post doctoral research in Indonesia while employed by that university's Research School of Asian and Pacific Studies. Her work in Indonesia focussed on the island of Bali where she looked at education, gender issues and fertility. She moved to the University of Western Australia where she was a lecturer in their school of Asian Studies.
In 1989 she published her thesis concerning the village of Brassika in southern Bali as it was absorbed into the nation of Indonesia. The thesis looked at the changing ownership of land and changes brought about by the Land Reform Act of 1960 and the 1965 Gestapu coup created by the 30 September Movement.
Parker's work has been concerned with gender but she notes that the Western ideal of women striving for autonomy is not suited to Indonesian culture.
Parker was interested in improving the education of environmental education in Indonesia. She and her pre-doctoral students have been writing in the media, writing articles and books to encourage the study of the environment. Parker was consulted when the first university environmental program was being established in Indonesia.
Parker lead a team who published several studies and the book Creating Multicultural Citizens: A Portrayal of Contemporary Indonesian Education in 2013.
In 2021 she was elected a Fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia.
# Heidelsberg

Heidelsberg is a mountain of Saxony, southeastern Germany.
50°34′49″N 12°42′20″E﻿ / ﻿50.58028°N 12.70556°E﻿ / 50.58028; 12.70556
* This Saxony location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Åkerby-Lopperstad

Åkerby-Lopperstad is a village in the municipality Borgholm on the island Öland and the province Kalmar län in Sweden. The village had 73 inhabitants in 2010.
# Breien

Breien is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Anja Breien (born 1940), Norwegian film director
* Bård Breien (born 1971), Norwegian film director
* Haakon Hasberg Breien (1864–1942), Norwegian judge
* Thor Breien (1899–?), Norwegian judge
# Α-Halo ketone

In organic chemistry, an α-halo ketone is a functional group consisting of a ketone group or more generally a carbonyl group with an α-halogen substituent. α-Halo ketones are alkylating agents. Prominent α-halo ketones include phenacyl bromide and chloroacetone.

## Structure

The general structure is RR′C(X)C(=O)R where R is an alkyl or aryl residue and X any one of the halogens. The preferred conformation of a halo ketone is that of a cisoid with the halogen and carbonyl sharing the same plane as the steric hindrance with the carbonyl alkyl group is generally larger.

## Halo ketone synthesis

Halo ketones and halo carbonyl compounds in general are synthesized by reaction of carbonyl compounds with sources of X$^+$ (X = halogen), which is provided using halogens:
    RC(O)CH$_3$ + X$_2$ → RC(O)CH$_2$X + HX
Specialized sources of electrophilic halogenating agents include N-Bromosuccinimide and 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBDMH). In the Nierenstein reaction an acyl chloride reacts with diazomethane

### Asymmetric synthesis

Efforts are reported in asymmetric synthesis of halo carbonyls through organocatalysis. In one study an acid chloride is converted into an α-halo ester with a strong base (sodium hydride), a bromine donor and an organocatalyst based on proline and quinine:
In the proposed reaction mechanism the base first converts the acid chloride to the ketene, the organocatalyst then introduces chirality through its quinonoid tertiary amine, forming a ketene adduct.

## Reactions

Illustrative of their alkylating activity are reactions with potassium iodide in acetone, chloroacetone reacts faster than 1-chloropropane by a factor of 36,000. Halo ketones react with phosphites in the Perkow reaction.
The halo group can be removed in reductive dehalogenation of halo ketones. α-Halo ketones can also be converted to alkenes by treatment with hydrazine.
Due to the presence of two electron withdrawing groups (carbonyl and halide), the α-hydrogen is acidic. This property is exploited in the Favorskii rearrangement, where base abstracts first an acidic α-hydrogen and the resulting carbanion then displaces the halogen.
In crossed aldol reactions between halo ketones and aldehydes, the initial reaction product is a halohydrin which can subsequently form an oxirane in the presence of base.
α-Halo ketones can react with amines to form an α-halo imine, which can be converted back to the parent halo ketone by hydrolysis, so that halo imines may be used as masked versions of halo ketones. This allows some chemical transformations to be achieved that are not possible with the parent halo ketones directly.

### Precursors to heterocycles

Halo ketones take part in several reaction types, especially since they are bifunctional, with two electrophilic sites (α-carbon and carbonyl carbon). In one manifestation of this duality, they are precursors to heterocycles. Thiazoles arise from reaction of chloroacetone with thioamides.2-Aminothiazoles are similarly produced by reaction of 2-chloroketones with thioureas. Pyrroles may be synthesized by reaction of halo ketones with dicarbonyls and ammonia in the Hantzsch pyrrole synthesis.
# Royal Scot

Royal Scot may refer to:
* Garde Écossaise, a regiment of the French army
* Royal Scots, a regiment of the British Army
* Royal Scots (Jacobite), a regiment of Scottish exiles in French service, in existence from 1744 to 1762
* Royal Scot (train), a British named express passenger train which first ran in 1862
* LMS Royal Scot Class, a class of express passenger locomotive introduced in 1927
* LMS Royal Scot Class 6100 Royal Scot, a preserved British steam locomotive of the above class
* a Solenostemon scutellarioides cultivar
# Vidkun

Vidkun or Vidkunn is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Vidkun Quisling (1887–1945), Norwegian military officer and politician
* Vidkunn Hveding (1921–2001), Norwegian politician
* Vidkunn Nitter Schreiner, editor of Bergens Tidende, 1942–1945
# Bodyflight

Bodyflight, or body flight, is the term in the skydiving, which means staying or moving of a body or system of bodies in the air flow. It is one of the most dynamically developing sports in the world. In the windtunnel sport parachuting and skydiving, bodyflight is performed by applying air flow on certain parts of a body, to control the body any muscular forces can be used.
As a tool for learning to control the body flight, there is a vertical wind tunnel, which makes it possible to fly in the air, simulating free fall due to the created air flow (on average, about 190 km/h).
Bodyflight includes various flight poses, movements and flight transits, when combined, flight elements (tricks) are formed. Also this include turns, rolls, lateral movement, fall rate control, and other acrobatics in the air. The skill of bodyflight makes it possible for skydivers to fly closer to each other while they are falling, to allow them to link together in formation skydiving, then fly apart to a safe distance before opening parachutes.
The flight pose is the body position controlled by the muscular effort in the air flow. There are many different poses, including "mantis", "bumblebee", and "dragon". Flight movement is the movement or rotation of a body in the air flow in a certain direction. Flight transit is a transition from one flight pose to another (changing the areas of the body, affected by the air flow).
Bodyflight is accomplished via increasing/decreasing the drag of your body, using arms and legs as rudders for bodyflight motion control, as well as other techniques similar to that of an airplane. Professional athletes who fly through the air for long distances, such as ski jumping, have also used certain bodyflight techniques to increase jumping distance by manipulating their bodies to be more airfoil-like. Frequent visitors to a vertical wind tunnel are often called 'tunnel rats', much like frequent visitors to ski slopes are called 'ski bums'. Some body flying enthusiasts develop their tunnel-flying skills not for sky diving training, but in order to be able to give professional performances.

## Flight poses

* Bear
* Bumblebee
* Cat
* Chicken
* Dragonfly
* Eagle
* Lotus
* Mantis
* Sloth
* Star
# Lynn, Colorado

Lynn is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place (CDP) located in and governed by Las Animas County, Colorado, United States. The population of the Lynn CDP was 11 at the United States Census 2020. The Aguilar post office (Zip Code 81020) serves the area.

## Geography

Lynn is in northwestern Las Animas County, 20 miles (32 km) north of Trinidad, the county seat. Interstate 25 passes through the community, with access from Exit 34 (County Road 60). The town of Aguilar is 2 miles (3 km) to the southwest, and Walsenburg is 16 miles (26 km) to the north on I-25.
The Lynn CDP has an area of 459 acres (1.857 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

The United States Census Bureau initially defined the Lynn CDP for the United States Census 2010.
# Åkerman

Åkerman is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Gustaf Åkerman (1888–1959), Swedish economist
* Gustav Åkerman (1901–1988), Swedish Army lieutenant general
* Johan Åkerman (born 1972), Swedish ice hockey player
* Johan Harmenberg Åkerman (born 1954), Swedish Olympic champion fencer
* Lisbeth Åkerman (born 1967), Swedish journalist
* Malin Åkerman (born 1978), Swedish-Canadian model and actress
# Breidleria

Breidleria is a genus of mosses belonging to the family Hypnaceae.
The genus was first described by Loeske.
The species of this genus are found in Eurasia and Northern America.
Species:
The genus name of Breidleria is in honour of Johann Breidler (1828 - 1913), an Austrian architect and botanist (studying Bryology and Mckology), from Leoben.
The genus was circumscribed by Leopold Loeske in Stud. Morph. Laubm. (Loeske) on page 172 in 1910.
# Α-Hederin

α-Hederin (alpha-hederin) is a water-soluble pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin found in the seeds of Nigella sativa and leaves of Hedera helix.

## Anticancer studies

α-Hederin and also its derivative, kalopanaxsaponin-I, have been studied for their anticancer activities. α-Hederin has been shown to enhance the cytotoxicity of an established chemotherapeutic agent, 5-fluorouracil, in an animal model of colon carcinoma.
# Mastermind-like 3 (drosophila)

Mastermind-like 3 (Drosophila) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAML3 gene.
# Centennial Bridge

Centennial Bridge may refer to:

## Canada

* Centennial Bridge (New Brunswick), over the Miramichi River, in Northumberland County, New Brunswick, Canada

## China

* Haikou Century Bridge

## Panama

* Centennial Bridge, Panama, which crosses the Panama Canal

## United States

* Centennial Bridge (Leavenworth, Kansas), over the Missouri River, connecting Leavenworth, Kansas and Platte County, Missouri
* Centennial Bridge (Center Valley, Pennsylvania), an arch bridge in Center Valley, Pennsylvania
* Centennial Covered Bridge, a replica wooden covered bridge in Cottage Grove, Oregon
* Rock Island Centennial Bridge, connecting Rock Island, Illinois and Davenport, Iowa
* Teegarden-Centennial Covered Bridge, over Little Beaver Creek, in Columbiana County, Ohio
* Veterans Memorial Centennial Bridge, in Idaho (formerly Bennett Bay Centennial Bridge)

## Windows 10

* The codename for the application bridge used to port Win32 desktop apps to the Universal Windows Platform
# Catuna oberthueri

Catuna oberthueri, or Oberthür's pathfinder, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae, named after the French entomologist Charles Oberthür. It is found in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and western Tanzania. The habitat consists of forests.
# Love Dies Young

"Love Dies Young" is a song by American rock band Foo Fighters. It was released as the fifth and final single from their tenth studio album, Medicine at Midnight, on November 22, 2021. It was the last single released during drummer Taylor Hawkins' lifetime.

## Music video

Directed by Dave Grohl, the music video depicts the band as synchronized swimmers with their faces deepfaked onto each swimmer. Their coach played by Jason Sudeikis begins with a 4 minute speech berating them before going out to perform for a group of judges in a competition. The end of the video pays homage to the Baby Ruth chocolate candybar incident from the film Caddyshack, in which the candybar is mistaken for floating feces.