OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Echoes of Lithuania

Echoes of Lithuania (Ecos de Lituania) is Latin America's only Lithuanian radio programme and it is produced in the municipality of Berisso in Buenos Aires, Argentina by Juan Ignacio Fourment Kalvelis.

## Background

The programme was founded in 1947 by Zeferinas Junkevicius, a Lithuanian-Argentine who wanted to keep united Latin America's Lithuanian Diaspora by broadcasting covering a host of topics including Lithuanian sports, tourism, news, recipes, music, history and, traditions in Spanish language. The programme was operational in Argentina until 1971 that ended its broadcast. During all those years the programme was broadcast live from different Argentine radio stations such as “Radio Libertad”, “Radio Antártida” and “Radio Mitre”. Throughout the “Junkevicius Era” all the broadcastings ended with a “Sooner or later Lithuania will be free again". These words rang for 24 years in the heart of Lithuanian diaspora and rekindled the hopes that the Motherland regain its freedom.

## Revival

In 2003, with Lithuania now free and independent of the Soviet Union, Juan Ignacio Fourment Kalvelis, a young journalist and member of the Lithuanian community in Argentina, following the steps and values of Zeferinas Junkevicius, decided to re-open "Echoes of Lithuania". Today, Echoes of Lithuania broadcasts live from Buenos Aires every Sunday, from 19:00 to 21:00, through the radio station FM Difusión – Berisso on the channel 98.1 FM, broadcasting from the municipality of Berisso in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The programme can also be heard on-line, via the Internet.

## Awards

The broadcast won a number of awards including “Gaviota de Oro” and “Lanín de Oro". Meanwhile, the radio broadcast is recognized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Lithuania, the Embassy of the Republic of Lithuania in Argentina, the World Lithuanian Community and the World Lithuanian Youth among other institutions and organizations abroad.

## Staff

Juan Ignacio Fourment Kalvelis, Juan José Fourment, Isabel Kalvelis, Fabián Meschini, Alexis Griska, Alfonso Markus, Ana Semenas, Carlos Forte, Damián Romaniuk, Irene Andrunavicius, Juan Klimaitis, Mirta Cecis, Raúl Petronis, Virginia Petronis, Valentina Bukauskas, Miguel Stratakis, Adilson Puodziunas, Algirdas Delonas, Deimante Doksaite, Liudvikas Jakavicius-Grimalauskas, Fernando Jorge Ivanauskas, Jurgita Laurinenaite y Loreta Palauskaite.
# National Archives of Panama

The National Archives of Panama (Spanish: Archivo Nacional de Panamá) is the institution in charge of safeguarding national documents. It was created by Law No. 43 of December 14, 1912, under the administration of President Belisario Porras, being Panama the first republic in America to have a building dedicated to its national archive.
Since its creation, it has had the mandate to protect the documentary material of patrimonial value and record of the historical memory of the country, in addition to the preservation of the historical-cultural heritage for current and future generations.

## History

The National Archives of Panama was created as an institution thanks to the enactment of Law No. 43 of December 14, 1912 under the administration of President Belisario Porras Barahona and has as a precedent the creation in 1885 of the position "Public Archivist of Panama City” (Spanish: Archivero Público de la Ciudad de Panamá) during the time of Union to Colombia.
After the Separation of Panama from Colombia and after returning from a hearing by the London Public Registry, the Royal Archives in Brussels and the Manuscripts Division of the Library of Congress in Washington among others, Dr. Porras was surprised at the dedication provided to the public records in the previous countries he set out to found a National Archive, Panama being the first country in America to build a building for that purpose.
Since its inception, it was conceived as a dependency of the Secretariat of Government and Justice, in 1941 it was renamed "National Archives" to the current name "National Archive of Panama." In 1964 it passed into the hands of the Ministry of Education; and then in 1982 it was assigned as a dependency of the National Institute of Culture. Finally, in 1999 the National Archive was transferred as a Directorate attached to the Public Record of Panama.
# National Council for Teacher Education Act, 1993

National Council for Teacher Education Act, 1993 is an Act of the Parliament of India which gave statutory recognition to the National Council for Teacher Education. and subsequently passed.

## Objective

The objective of the bill, according to the government, was to "provide for the establishment of a National Council for Teacher Education" as a separate body rather than as just an advisory department, a role the council had held since its inception in 1976.
# Ectatomma opaciventre

Ectatomma opaciventre is a South American species of ant from the subfamily Ectatomminae. In the Brazilian savannah, nests occur at low density and in specific microhabitats.

## Basic biology

E. opaciventre is polydomous. Nests are excavated in soil and can be up be up to 68 cm deep, and comprise multiple sub-chambers.

## Foraging ecology

The foraging ecology of E. opaciventre has been studies in detail. Workers forage diurnally, scavenging and predating live arthropods (primarily leaf cutter ants and termites). Opportunistically consuming dead and alive animal protein is typical of Ectatomma. However, E. opaciventre has the least diverse diet of studied ants from the genus, and unlike others, does not collect liquid food. They forage individually, and show individual-level spatial fidelity in foraging habits ('path fidelity').

## Behavior
### Temporal polyethism

E. opaciventre exhibits temporal polyethism, with young workers performing more brood care and allogrooming than older workers.

### Nest relocation

In response to disturbance, ants may migrate nest. Various mechanisms are used by different species, including tandem running, pheromone trail laying, and 'adult transport' where workers carry adult nest-mates. E. opaciventre shows exclusively adult transport, with workers (and winged gynes) carrying workers, winged gynes, queens and males. This differs from other closely related species e.g., E. quadridens, which lay trails.

### Other

* Trophic egg laying. Workers appear capable of laying trophic eggs.
* Wallpapering. When a new callows eclose, other workers collect the pupal case ('puparium') and use it to line the nest walls. This behaviour is also documented in other ponerine species
# Nation Party

Nation Party may refer to:
* Nation Party (Turkey, 1948)
* Nation Party (Turkey, 1962)
* Nation Party (Turkey, 1992)
* Egyptian Nation Party
* Nation Party of Iran
* Japan Nation Party
* Parti Bangsa Malaysia
* Party of the Nation, or National Renaissance Front of Romania
* National Umma Party, Sudan
* Thai Nation Party
* Welsh Nation Party
# Edaphodon kawai

Edaphodon kawai was a prehistoric chimaeriform fish species belonging to the genus Edaphodon, of which all the species are now extinct. Edaphodon kawai was a type of rabbitfish, a cartilaginous fish related to sharks and rays, and indeed, some rabbitfishes are still alive today. E. kawai is one of numerous Edaphodon species, but is the only one which has been discovered in the Southern Hemisphere, near New Zealand. Indeed, only a handful of other Chimaeroformes have been discovered in the Southern Hemisphere. They first appeared during the Devonian period around 415 to 360 million years ago, but the only known specimen of E. kawai has been dated to the Late Cretaceous at the height of the rabbitfish's reign. Its scientific name, kawai, means "fish" in the language of the Moriori, a Pacific tribe who inhabited the islands.

## Description

Like most prehistoric cartilaginous fishes, E. kawai is known from a few fragmentary remains, including teeth and a beak. E. kawai provided many new points of knowledge for scientists when it was formally described in 2006. Firstly, the range of the prehistoric Edaphodon species, and indeed all prehistoric rabbitfish, was thought to be restricted to the Northern Hemisphere. However, when the fragmental remains of E. kawai were discovered in the Chatham Islands not far from New Zealand, the rabbitfish range was extended. The E. kawai holotype was discovered in the island's Takatiki Grit formation and was dated back to the Late Cretaceous.
Another point of interest for scientists was the uncharacteristic teeth E. kawai possessed. Unlike the sharks and rays to which they are related, most rabbitfish have a single set of teeth that do not grow back and are used for grinding their food. These teeth, along with the position of the mouth so that it is the underside of the head, allows the rabbitfish to graze on the sea bed much like a herbivore would do on land. However, this is not the case with E. kawai; it had teeth which were equipped for both grinding and cutting. This opened up a range of new prey to the fish, which would have been able to scavenge food and rip flesh from decaying carcasses, unlike others in its group, which would only have been able to crush organic matter. E. kawai lived during the Late Cretaceous. During this time, the rabbitfish reached their maximum in diversity.
However, some have argued that the remains of E. kawai are actually those of another prehistoric cartilaginous fish, Ischyodus, which lived about the same time and has also been compared to the rabbitfish Chimaera monstrosa.
# Eckhardt Rehberg

Eckhardt Rehberg (born 3 April 1954) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern from 2005 until 2021.

## Political career

From 1990 until 2005, Rehberg served as a member of the State Parliament of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. From 2001 until 2005, he was the chairman of the CDU in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. During that time, he was the party's candidate to unseat incumbent Minister-President Harald Ringstorff in the 2002 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern state election; he eventually lost against Ringstorff.
Rehberg became a member of the Bundestag in the 2005 German federal election. From 2005 until 2009, he served on the Committee on Economic Affairs and Technology. From 2009 until 2021, he was a member of the Budget Committee. In 2015 he also became his parliamentary group's spokesperson on the national budget. He was also a member of the so-called Confidential Committee (Vertrauensgremium) of the Budget Committee, which provides budgetary supervision for Germany's three intelligence services, BND, BfV and MAD. In addition to his committee assignments, he served on the Council of Elders, which – among other duties – determines daily legislative agenda items and assigns committee chairpersons based on party representation.
In the negotiations to form Merkel's fourth coalition government following the 2017 federal elections, Rehberg was part of the working group on financial policies and taxes, led by Peter Altmaier, Andreas Scheuer and Olaf Scholz.

## Other activities
### Regulatory agencies

* Federal Network Agency for Electricity, Gas, Telecommunications, Posts and Railway (BNetzA), Member of the Rail Infrastructure Advisory Council (2014–2015)

### Corporate boards

* Deutsche Bahn, Member of the supervisory board (since 2018)
* KfW, ex-officio Member of the Board of Supervisory Directors (2014–2019)
* Nordex, Member of the Political Advisory Board (2009–2013)
* Volkswerft, Member of the supervisory board (2005–2013)
* Ostseestadion, Member of the advisory board (2005–2009)

### Non-profit organizations

* F.C. Hansa Rostock, Member

## Political positions
### Human rights

In June 2017, Rehberg voted against Germany's introduction of same-sex marriage.

### Economic policy

Rehberg has been a supporter of the debt brake in the budget of Germany since its introduction in 2009. Amid the economic downturn due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, he demanded that “suspending the debt brake must not become a habit. We have to get back to the regular debt limit as quickly as possible.”
In 2018, Rehberg rejected plans presented by Minister of Finance Olaf Scholz for a European unemployment stabilization fund designed to arm the eurozone against crises. He later criticized the European Commission’s 2019 plans for loosening the EU's budget rules in a bid to free up spending for a European Green Deal, arguing that the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) already provided enough flexibility to permit public investments.
# Eckhart

Eckhart may be:

## People with the surname Eckhart

* Meister Eckhart (c. 1260–c. 1328), German theologian
* Johann Georg von Eckhart (1664–1730), German historian and linguist
* Dietrich Eckart (1868–1923), German journalist and political activist
* Aaron Eckhart (born 1968), American film actor
* Lisa Eckhart (born 1992), Austrian comedian and slam poet

## Other

* Eckhart Tolle (born 1948) is a German-born writer and public speaker living in Canada.
* Eckhart von Hochheim, aka Meister Eckhart, a German theologian and philosopher
* Mason Eckhart, a comic book character
* Eckhart (TV series), a Canadian animated children's TV show
* Eckhart Branch Railroad, early short line railroad
# Ed Fancher

Edwin Crawford Fancher (August 29, 1923 – September 27, 2023) was an American newspaper publisher and psychologist.
One of the three founders of The Village Voice, Fancher was responsible for the paper's circulation, distribution, and advertising. He was one of the founders of the Washington Square Consultation Center, later the Washington Square Institute for Psychotherapy and Mental Health. Fancher died on September 27, 2023, at the age of 100.
# Gerry Teifer

Gerald Emmett Teifer (May 28, 1922 – September 20, 2004) was an American songwriter, music publisher, recording industry executive, and entertainer.

## Biography

He was born in Muskegon, Michigan and moved to Chicago, then in 1956 he moved to New York City.
His professional career took him to Los Angeles, and Nashville where he influenced the lives of many in the music business. Gerry's songs and collaborations were recorded by numerous artists including, Elvis Presley, George Strait, Eddy Arnold, Johnnie Ray, and Doris Day. As a songwriter his best known hits were "A Full Time Job" recorded by Eddy Arnold (1952), and "I Don't Care (As Long As You Care For Me)", a song performed regularly on the Liberace show (circa 1953). He also co-wrote the New York Yankees theme song (under the pseudonym of Bob Bundin), which was heard on radio and early television as "Here Come The Yankees".
Gerry was also a talented whistler, and released several singles on Epic Records including "Poco A Poco", "Stop, Look And Whistle", "Heartaches", and "Blue Brazil". As a whistler he also recorded with Chuck Sagle and his Orchestra, was on the Leon Redbone album Double Time on Warner Brothers Records, and performed on numerous commercials.
During his career, he was the first General Manager of the CBS publishing company April/Blackwood Music, President of Metromedia Music, President of RCA Records publishing division Sunbury-Dunbar Music in New York, vice-president of ATV Music Group in Nashville and in New York, and head of foreign licensing for Opryland Music Group in Nashville.
He was an Army paratrooper during World War II, a touring table tennis champion, and was well known among his colleagues as an excellent tennis player who regularly won music industry tournaments.
He married Elizabeth Edmans and had 3 sons, James, Bruce and Gary. He later had 8 grandchildren, Elizabeth, Dawn, Christine, Erin, Dylan, Claire, Lydia and Linda.
He retired to Dunedin, Florida, and died at St. Mark Village, Palm Harbor, Florida, on September 20, 2004, at the age of 82.
# Edmund Ward

Edmund Ward may refer to:
* Edmund Franklin Ward (1892–1990), American illustrator
* Edmund Ward (architect) (1912–1998), British architect, co-founder of GMW Architects
* Edmund Ward (screenwriter) (1928–1993), British novelist and screenwriter
* Ed Ward (writer) (1948–2021), American writer and radio commentator
* Edmund Ward Ltd, British publishers
# Ed Zawatsky

Ed Zawatsky is the former head coach and general manager of the Yorkton Terriers Junior 'A' Hockey Team. He led the Terriers team to the SJHL championship, the Anavet Cup, in his rookie year, and was named SJHL Coach of the Year. He followed that up by taking the team to a second Anavet Cup, and into the final of the national championship, the RBC Cup.
Zawatsky began as an assistant coach in 2002-03 season. He manned the bench for three years as an understudy to Don Chesney. Zawatsky is a former Terrier himself and still holds the team’s single season scoring record.
He earned an NCAA Division 1 scholarship while playing junior hockey, and from Colorado College went to the American Hockey League, ECHL, and 9 seasons in Germany.
# Nauru at the 2024 Summer Olympics

Nauru competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France; from 26 July to 11 August 2024. It was the nation's eighth appearance at the Summer Olympics.
Sprinter Winzar Kakiouea was the only athlete to represent Nauru at this edition of the games. Kakiouea also served as the country's flagbearer during the opening and closing ceremonies. He finished 6th in his heat at the Men's 100 metres, resulting in his elimination.

## Competitors

The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.
| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Athletics | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 1 | 0 | 1 |

## Athletics

Nauru sent one sprinter to compete at the 2024 Summer Olympics.

### Key

* Note–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
* Q = Qualified for the next round
* q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
* NR = National record
* N/A = Round not applicable for the event
* Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round

### Track events

| Athlete | Event | Preliminary | Preliminary | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Winzar Kakiouea | Men's 100 m | 11.15 | 6 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
# Gertrud (play)

Gertrud is a Swedish 1906 play (drama), in three parts, by author and playwright Hjalmar Söderberg.

## Story description

The play is a modern relationship drama. The main characters are the middle-aged Gertrud and three men she has a relationship with: her husband Gustav Kanning, a politician; her former lover Gabriel Lidman, an older poet; and her newfound love Erland Jansson, a young composer. All three desire her and have desired her in a different way.
The first act is set in Gustaf Kanning's study at his home, where Gertrud, in the first scene, sits in the dark awaiting her husband's return from work. She is going to tell she is leaving him for her newfound love, and her former love interest suddenly returns from a long trip overseas. Gertrud is faced with questions about the sacrifice she is making for Jansson, and the reactions of Kanning and Lidman.
The play tackles themes of love, passion, the feeling of being trapped and confined in a marriage, the need of love, the search of the love, the ontology of real love, the right to love and be loved, love and closeness in a relationship, and differences between men and women.
The original production in Sweden premiered on February 13, 1907, at the old Royal Dramatic Theatre featuring Gerda Lundequist in the title role.

## Characters

* Gertrud Kanning
* Gustav Kanning
* Gabriel Lidman
* Erland Jansson
* Kanning's mother
* The White Shape

## Notable productions

* The original 1907 staging with Gerda Lundequist as Gertrud by the Royal Dramatic Theatre.
* The 1953 Royal Dramatic Theatre staging with Eva Dahlbeck as Gertrud.
* The 1999 TV-theatre adaption (SVT) with Marie Richardson as Gertrud.

## Film adaptation

* 1964 – Gertrud (directed by Carl Theodor Dreyer)
# Ede Oldbury

Edith Lucy Oldbury BEM (née Morfett; 26 May 1888 – 13 September 1977), was a New Zealand domestic servant, storekeeper and community leader. She was born in Kamo, New Zealand, in 1888.
In the 1972 Queen's Birthday Honours, Oldbury was awarded the British Empire Medal, for services to the community.
# Gilbert Ireland

Sir Gilbert Ireland (1624 – 30 April 1675) of Hale Hall, Lancashire was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1654 and 1675.
Ireland was the son of John Ireland of Hutt and Hale and his wife Elizabeth Hays, daughter of Sir Thomas Hays, alderman of London. He was a grandson of Sir Gilbert Ireland who brought the giant John Middleton to court. He inherited both the house at Hutt and Hale Hall on the death of his father in 1633. In 1645, he was one of committee appointed by parliament to assess taxes in Lancashire. He was High Sheriff of Lancashire in 1648.
In 1654, Ireland was elected Member of Parliament for Lancashire in the First Protectorate Parliament, and was re-elected in 1656 for the Second Protectorate Parliament. In 1659, he was elected MP for Liverpool in the Third Protectorate Parliament. Ireland was re-elected MP for Liverpool in April 1660 for the Convention Parliament. He was knighted at the Restoration on 16 June 1660. In 1661 he was re-elected MP for Liverpool for the Cavalier Parliament and sat until his death in 1675.
In 1674 he moved into Hale Hall after completing alterations to the house. He hid the gables on the north front of the Jacobean building behind a brick parapet which was ornamented with stone medallions and other features and arched over the recesses between the bays. On the tower he placed a stone tablet inscribed "Built by Sir Gilbert Ireland, Knt, and Dame Margt, Ao dI 1674".
He was elected Mayor of Liverpool in 1674, but died during his year of office. Ireland had married Margaret Ireland, daughter of Thomas Ireland of Beausey, Lancashire, but died without issue. Hale Hall passed to his nephew, also Gilbert.
# Gilbert Ironside the elder

Gilbert Ironside the elder (1588–1671) was Bishop of Bristol.

## Life

He was elder son of Ralph Ironside, rector of Long Bredy and of Winterbourne Abbas and was born at Hawkesbury, near Sodbury, Gloucestershire, on 25 November 1588. The second son, Ralph Ironside (1590–1683) became rector of Long Bredy in succession to his father, who died in 1629, and was also Archdeacon of Dorset.
Gilbert Ironside matriculated at Trinity College, Oxford, 22 June 1604, and became scholar of his college 28 May 1605, B.A. 1608, M.A. 1612, B.D. 1619, and D.D. 1620, and Fellow of Trinity 1613. In 1618 he was presented to the rectory of Winterbourne Steepleton, Dorset, by Sir Robert Miller. In 1629 he succeeded his father in the benefice of Winterbourne Abbas. He was also rector of Yeovilton in Somerset. Anthony à Wood says that he kept his preferments during the protectorate, but this is doubtful.
Either by marriage or other means he amassed a large fortune before the Restoration. On 13 October 1660 he was appointed to a prebendal stall in York Minster, but resigned the post next year. In 1660/1 he was made Bishop of Bristol — he was elected to the See on 30 November (or 1 December) 1660, confirmed 24 December, and consecrated a bishop on 13 January 1661. As a man of wealth he was considered fitted to maintain the dignity of the episcopate with the reduced revenues of the see.
At Bristol, Ironside showed forbearance to nonconforming ministers. Edmund Calamy gives particulars of a long conference between him and John Westley, grandfather of John Wesley. Ironside died on 19 September 1671, and was buried in his cathedral without any memorial, near the steps of the bishop's throne.

## Works

He was the author of Seven Questions of the Sabbath briefly disputed, Oxford, 1637

## Family

He married (1) Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Frenchman of East Compton, Dorsetshire, and (2) Alice, daughter of William Glisson of Marnhull, Dorsetshire. By his first wife he was father of four sons, of whom Gilbert Ironside the younger was the third.