OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Antidynamo theorem

In physics and in particular in the theory of magnetism, an antidynamo theorem is one of several results that restrict the type of magnetic fields that may be produced by dynamo action.
One notable example is Thomas Cowling's antidynamo theorem which states that no axisymmetric magnetic field can be maintained through a self-sustaining dynamo action by an axially symmetric current. Similarly, the Zeldovich's antidynamo theorem states that a two-dimensional, planar flow cannot maintain the dynamo action.

## Consequences

Apart from the Earth's magnetic field, some other bodies such as Jupiter and Saturn, and the Sun have significant magnetic fields whose major component is a dipole, an axisymmetric magnetic field. These magnetic fields are self-sustained through fluid motion in the Sun or planets, with the necessary non-symmetry for the planets deriving from the Coriolis force caused by their rapid rotation, and one cause of non-symmetry for the Sun being its differential rotation.
The magnetic fields of planets with slow rotation periods and/or solid cores, such as Mercury, Venus, and Mars, have dissipated to almost nothing by comparison.
The impact of the known anti-dynamo theorems is that successful dynamos do not possess a high degree of symmetry.
# City Railway Station metro station

City Railway Station metro station may refer to:
* City Railway Station metro station (Bangalore)
* City Railway Station metro station (Lucknow)
* Chengzhan station (literally "City Railway Station station") in Hangzhou
# City Raga

City Raga is the eighteenth album by Popol Vuh which was originally released in 1995 on Milan Records.
In this album, Popol Vuh plays a style of music which is similar to bands like Enigma, Deep Forest or Banco de Gaia, mixing electronic music and dance rhythms with ethnic chants and the sampled voice of singer Maya Rose rather than the krautrock, psychedelic rock and ambient music of their previous releases. Because of this, City Raga remains generally a controversial release among Popol Vuh's fanbase.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by Florian Fricke, Guido Hieronymus, and Maya Rose except where noted.
* "Wanted Maya" – 7:00
* "Tears Of Concrete" – 5:30
* "Last Village" (Fricke, Hieronymus) – 7:10
* "City Raga" – 8:10
* "Morning Raga" (Fricke, Daniel Fichelscher, Hieronymus) – 5:40
* "Running Deep" (Fricke, Hieronymus) – 6:00
* "City Raga (Mystic House Mix)" – 6:41

## Personnel

* Florian Fricke – piano
* Guido Hieronymus – keyboards, electric guitar
* Maya Rose – vocals

### Guest musicians

* Daniel Fichelscher – acoustic guitar (on 5)
* Children's choir from Kathmandu

## Credits

Recorded at New African Studio, Munich, on June - September 1994
Product and sound consulting by Johannes Fricke and Gerhard Augustin
Produced by Florian Fricke and Frank Fiedler
Product management by Hubert Hass
# Cinzia Casiraghi

Cinzia Casiraghi is a Professor of Nanoscience in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Manchester and National Graphene Institute in the UK.

## Education

Casiraghi's undergraduate studies took place at the Politecnico di Milano in Italy, where she obtained a BSc and an MSc in Nuclear Engineering. She completed her PhD in electrical engineering at the University of Cambridge in 2006.

## Research and career

After her PhD, she completed postdoctoral positions both at Cambridge and at the Free University of Berlin, Germany. In 2008 Casiraghi was awarded the Sofja Kovalevskaya Award, a €1.65 million grant awarded to the highest quality junior researchers from outside Germany, for work concerning formation of graphene and carbon nanotubes. She moved to the University of Manchester in 2010, and was appointed Professor in Nanoscience in 2016, the same year that she was awarded a Philip Leverhulme Prize. She uses Raman spectroscopy to study two-dimensional materials; which include graphene and chalcogenides. She has focussed on ink-jet printed two-dimensional materials as well as nanotubes for sensors, photodetectors and solar cells.
Casiraghi was awarded a European Research Council (ERC) consolidator grant to study the Nucleation of Organic Crystals on 2D Templates. She has also demonstrated diamond-like carbon can be to increase storage density of data storage.
Outside of academia, Casiraghi has contributed to popular science segments for BBC Radio 4 and The Guardian.

## Honours and awards

Her awards and honours include:
* Philip Leverhulme Prize, 2016
* Eli and Harari £50K Graphene Enterprise Award, 2015
# City Walk, Canberra

City Walk is a paved outdoor pedestrian area in Civic, Canberra. It was formed by the closure to traffic of Alinga Street between East Row in the east (at the City Interchange) and Binara Street (near Casino Canberra) in the south-west, and named City Walk in January 1975. Pedestrians can walk almost the whole way without having to cross any roads with cars on them, except for Akuna Street.
City Walk intersects with Garema Place and Petrie Plaza. Along the walk can be found the Canberra Merry-Go-Round, the Centrepoint arcade, Canberra Centre shopping centre and the Canberra Times fountain.
City Walk often has street performers, and events such as the National Multicultural Festival.
# Anthony Amoroso

Anthony Amoroso is an Italian-American chef who is a Corporate Executive Chef at BRGuest Hospitality formerly Executive Chef at SeaBlue at The Borgata in Atlantic City, New Jersey and was a winner on the Iron Chef America episode Battle Branzino in 2009.

## Early life and education

Amoroso grew up in an Italian-American family in Jersey City, New Jersey. When he was 18 years old, Amoroso told his mother that he wanted to attend cooking school. Consequently, he graduated at the Culinary Arts Institute at Hudson County Community College.

## Career

After graduating, Amoroso began his culinary career at the Hilton at Short Hills. Amoroso moved to New York City and began working under Chef Rick Moonen as a sous chef and then advanced to chef de cuisine at Oceana. He continued working under Moonen at Branzini, and was named Executive Chef to open RM Seafood.
In 2003, Amoroso relocated to Las Vegas, Nevada after being hired by Chef Michael White to be the opening Executive Chef at Fiamma Trattoria and Bar at the MGM Grand Las Vegas. In 2005, Amoroso moved to the Bellagio where he worked as the Executive Chef at Michael Mina's namesake restaurant, and was awarded two Michelin Stars.
In the fall of 2008, Amoroso provided several recipes for Men's Fitness magazine. While working at Michael Mina's, Amoroso participated in the Food Network show Iron Chef America where he defeated Iron Chef Masaharu Morimoto in a battle featuring branzino.
In September 2009, Amoroso returned to the east coast as Executive Chef at Mina's SeaBlue at the Borgata in Atlantic City. His Iron Chef America episode originally aired on October 18, 2009.
# Antonio Maria Rinaldi

Antonio Maria Rinaldi (born 27 February 1955) is an Italian economist and politician. He has always expressed critical positions towards the euro as a single European currency. With a strongly Eurosceptic orientation, Rinaldi calls himself a post-Keynesian economist.

## Biography

Antonio Maria Rinaldi was born in Rome on 27 February 1955. His father was the banker Rodolfo Rinaldi, president of Banco di Santo Spirito, vice-president of Banca Nazionale del Lavoro and representative in Europe of the Chase Manhattan Bank, while his mother is the noblewoman Isabella Rossini, a distant descendant of the famous composer Gioachino Rossini.
He graduated in economics in 1979 at the LUISS University in Rome. He worked at various credit institutions, such as Banco di Roma, American Service Bank and Fideuram; he was also an official of the CONSOB and a manager at Eni (1986-1994). In 1994 he was a member of the board of directors of ENAV.
Rinaldi has been a student of Paolo Savona. He worked as a university professor from 2012 to 2018, and he taught political economy and corporate finance at the Link Campus University of Rome, the University of Molise of Campobasso and the D'Annunzio University of Pescara.
In 2019 he was elected MEP on the League's list, with 48,501 preference votes.
# Antonio Maria Vassallo

Antonio Maria Vassallo (c. 1620-1664/1673) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active mainly in Genoa, and painting mythologic scenes and still lifes.
His biography is poorly documented, and mainly depends on the Genoese biographer Raffaele Soprani (1674) as a source. He initially apprenticed with Vincenzo Malò (c. 1605-c. 1650), a Flemish artist who had studied with Teniers the Elder and Rubens. Vassallo appears to have been influenced by his fellow Genoese Sinibaldo Scorza and Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione.
He painted a St. Francis with Three female saints (1648) for the church of San Gerolamo in Quarto. Vassallo also painted a Martyrdom of Saint Marcello Mastrilli' (1664) for the Convento di Carignano. Vassallo also painted portraits, yet no portraits by Vassallo are known at present.
The closest follower of Vassallo's still-life style is Giovanni Agostino Cassana (c. 1658-1720).
# Clack Island

Clack Island is part of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park at the tip of Cape Melville, Queensland in Bathurst Bay, Australia.
It is north-east of Denham Island and Flinders Island in the Flinders Group National Park. It is around 21 hectares or 0.21 square km in size,
Clack Island has a major place in Aboriginal ritual and mythology, and also has a large number of paintings. It is the traditional centre for male ritual activities and is the resting-place of the two culture heroes, Itjibiya and Almbarrin, who are the dominant figures of traditional mythology in the region.
# Anthranilate 3-hydroxylase

Anthranilate 3-hydroxylase may refer to:
* Anthranilate 3-monooxygenase (FAD), an enzyme
* Anthranilate 3-monooxygenase, an enzyme
# Antonio Ghomsi

Antonio Ghomsi (born 22 April 1986) is a Cameroonian former footballer who played as a left-back.

## Biography

Ghomsi started his career at Genoa. In July 2006, he was signed by Messina of Serie A. He made his Serie A debut on 1 October against Livorno. In summer 2007 he left for Juve Stabia of Serie C1. He became a free agent after Messina bankrupted in July 2008. In October 2008, he was signed by Avellino of Serie B on free transfer.
In July 2009, he was signed by A.C. Siena of Serie A. and pending a loan deal to K.V. Mechelen. He made his Belgian First Division debut on 1 August 2009, K.V. Mechelen 4–1 won K.V.C. Westerlo.
# Antonovych (name)

Antonovych is a Slavic surname according to Slavic naming customs. Notable people with this name include the following
* Dmytro Antonovych (1877–1945), Ukrainian politician
* Volodymyr Antonovych (1834–1908), Ukrainian historian, archivist and archeologist
# Antonovsky

Antonovsky is a Slavic surname according to Slavic naming conventions. Notable people with this name include the following:
* Aaron Antonovsky (1923–1994), American sociologist
* Ilya Antonovsky (born 1989), Russian ice hockey player
# Clanculus villanus

Clanculus villanus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

## Description

The size of an adult shell varies between 10 mm and 21 mm. It differs from the typical forms of Clanculus in lacking the strong tooth at the base of the columella. The very solid shell has a conical shape. It is cinereous-olive or purplish, lighter beneath, and sparsely dotted with black. The about 6 whorls are slightly convex, and spirally lirate. The body whorl is encircled by about 14 granose separated lirae, of which about 6 are on the upper surface, their interstices bearing spiral stripe. The body whorl is obtusely angular at the periphery, slightly convex beneath, a little descending anteriorly. The aperture is rounded-tetragonal. The outer and basal lips are plicate within. The columella is as in Clanculus guineensis Gmelin, 1791 but longer. The narrow umbilicus is deep. The parietal wall is slightly calloused and is wrinkled.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Senegal and Gabon.
# Antony J. Ballard

Antony J. Ballard is an English personal celebrity chef and businessman.

## Life and career

Ballard is a personal chef to celebrities. His clients have included Bruce Willis, Chevy Chase, Michael Crichton, and at special events who included Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr, Liza Minnelli, Keith Richards, and others.
Ballard never attended a culinary school, saying "For me, it was trial by fire." At age 19, Ballard initially worked at the resort Bournemouth Highcliff Marriott Hotel in England where he received a "traditional, rigorous training." In 1980, he moved to the USA where he worked for 11 years as executive chef at the Grolier Club in New York City. It was here that he was introduced to many high-profile opportunities. He then branched out on his own and opened a gourmet shop A Thyme for Change in North Salem, but closed it a few years later. In 1993, Ballard began a 5-year position as personal chef for Michael Crichton, saying that Crichton "just wanted a restaurant-quality lifestyle without ever having to step foot [sic] out of his house."
Other companies he started include Ballard Famous Chef Products LLC and ChefAntonyJBallard.com.
Ballard is an active firefighter in the Croton Falls Fire Department. He has two children.
# Will Ferdy

Werner Ferdinande (9 March 1927 – 8 November 2022), known as Will Ferdy, was a Belgian singer. He became known for the songs Christine, Belijdenis, De stervende, Ziede gij me gere [nl], and Het Schrijverke [nl], which is a song, based on the poet Het Schrijverke [nl] with the same name, by Guido Gezelle. He was a figurehead within the gay community, because he was the first Flemish singer to come out. He received the Gay Krant award in 2006. Earlier in his career, Ferdy was also active as a comedian.
Ferdy suffered from Parkinson's disease. He died in Antwerp on 8 November 2022, at the age of 95.
# Clann-an-oistir

The 'Clann-an-oistir' (from the Latin ostuarii) were the doorkeepers to the monastery of Iona.
The first of the family came over from Ireland with Colum Cille, but when they caused the displeasure of that saint, he invoked a curse on them, by which it was decreed that never more than five of his clan should exist at the same time. Accordingly, when a sixth was born, one of the five was to look for death, which always happened until the race was extinguished. A female who died about the middle of the 18th century in Iona was the last person who could trace a lineage to the doorkeepers of this monastery.
# Clanmorris

The barony of Clanmorris is a barony in County Mayo, Ireland. It is also known as Crossboyne, and was formed from the Gaelic tuath of Conmhaícne Cúile Tuiredh. It included the areas of Tir Nechtain and Tir Enna. The name Clanmorris derives from Maurice de Prendergast a Norman knight and his descendants the Fitz Maurice or McMorris family. The Baron Clanmorris title dates from 1800 when it was created for John Bingham.

## Parishes

The following are civil parishes within the barony of Clanmorris:
* Balla, originally part of Carra.
* Crossboyne
* Kilcolman
* Kilvine
* Mayo Abbey
* Tagheen

## Towns and villages

* Balla
* Claremorris
* Mayo Abbey
* Ballindine
# City Weekend

City Weekend was a free, bi-weekly entertainment event and venue listing magazine based out of China. Its on-line edition was both autonomous and complementary to the print magazine — City Weekend was "reader-powered" and sources most of its information directly from the expat community. The last publication was in 2018, and they have closed operations in China since then. The website is not maintained anymore.

## History and profile

Founded in 1999, City Weekend created content related to dining, nightlife, arts, culture, health and wellness, fashion and shopping, local community news, and travel in the English language. It was one of the highest-circulation English magazines in China, available free.
The magazine distinguished itself by being one of the first private English language publications in China - it had been distributed since 1999 in Beijing, and 2000 in Shanghai; up until 2018.
The magazine itself acted as a source of information for many in the expat community. Staff relied on its reader-powered website to access local communities and generated everything from national articles to factual news about local events, venues, and classified ads in China's two largest cities — Beijing and Shanghai (and for a brief period Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Suzhou).
City Weekend also published a variety of free guides yearly, including a Bar and Restaurant Guide and the Service Directory (a small English business and service phone book). The magazine also produced supplements focusing on expat families (Parents & Kids, as well as Shanghai Family), and the real-estate market (Home & Office).
City Weekend was published by the Swiss multinational publisher Ringier, and its circulation was audited by BPA Worldwide.
In 2010, City Weekend launched an English-language group buying platform called FlashBuy, the first one of its kind targeting English speakers in both Beijing and Shanghai.
In 2014, City Weekend Beijing was sold to another company. Ringier continued to operate City Weekend nationally in China, everywhere except Beijing until 2018. In 2018, after a failed acquisition, City Weekend ended publication in China.
# Al Sharish, Iraq

Al Sharish (الشرش ) is a village of Basrah Governorate in Iraq between the Shatt al Arab and Hammar Marshes. It is located at 47.4465n, 30.986e.
It has a primary and a Girls school and police station.

## Geography

It is on the east side of the Shatt Al-Arab River and the Iranian border.
The topography is flat, the elevation is 5m above sea level and the climate arid.
The village is near the Hammah Marshes and many of the inhabitants are Marsh Arabs. The area suffered greatly during the Iran–Iraq War, during which it was a major battlefield, and again after the 1991 Iraqi uprising.
# Rose Brenner

Rose Brenner (1884–1926) was an American women's leader and educator. From 1920 until her death, she headed the National Council of Jewish Women, raising membership from 28,000 to 50,000 and introducing specialized committees on foreign relations and post-war reconstruction. In particular, she established support for European refugees.

## Biography

Born on 3 April 1884 in Brooklyn, Rose Brenner, the eldest of six siblings, was the daughter of Judge Jacob Brenner and his wife Louise née Blumeneau. Her father played a leading role in local religious activities and politics. Brenner graduated in 1908 with a BA from Adelphi College.
She became active in the Brooklyn Section of the National Council of Jewish Women, serving as president from 1912 to 1918. She went on to become vice-president of the national council in 1915, later becoming national president in 1920. Under her leadership, the organization not only almost doubled membership but established a National Speakers Bureau and expanded its services for immigrant assistance. It also published Jewish prayer courses, including a prayer book in Braille. One of her main concerns was to provide support for Jewish immigrants in rural communities in the United States. As a result, in 1920 a Department of Farm and Rural Work was established.
In 1921, she also strengthened the organization by publishing The Jewish Woman, a quarterly, and the monthly The Immigrant. She set up services in support of refugees and created NCJW affiliates in Europe, caring for emigrants intending to go to America. Although she was unable to attend the First World Congress of Jewish Women in 1923 in Vienna, she sent a strong message of support through her representative Estelle Sternberger.
Brenner was also an active supporter of the Beth Elohim Temple where she taught for 20 years and chaired its sisterhood. She served as director of the Women's Foundation for Health under the Brooklyn Board of Education.
Rose Brenner died in Brooklyn of a stroke on 5 April 1926, aged only 42.
# Rose in the Dark

Rose in the Dark is the first full-length studio album by British soul singer Cleo Sol, released in 2020.

## Reception

Editors at AllMusic rated this album 4.5 out of 5 stars, with critic Andy Kellman writing that this music contrasts with the diversity of Sault, being made up of "dusty and intimate R&B with gospel roots, switched up on occasion with dub, bossa nova, and acoustic blues among other naturally integrated sounds", continuing that the instruments are played with "sensitivity and purpose". The site also chose this as the best of 2020, calling it "exceptional". The Arts Desk also included this among the best of 2020, with critic Joe Mugg giving it 5 out of 5 stars, characterizing the music as modern soul that has "the rich, string embellished psychedelic soul of Rotary Connection and Norman Whitfield era Temptations, though here there's more of a lovers rock pulse too" that has subtle power and "Sol’s voice is velvet throughout, but there’s absolute assurance that the hooks embedded and woven through the grooves are plenty to make it addictive". Both Clash Music (44th) and Complex UK (5th) included this on their list of the best albums of the year: in the former, editors praised the music's impact during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the latter, Joseph "JP" Patterson wrote that this release "leaves [Sol's] mark as one of British music’s brightest talents, an R&B icon-in-waiting".

## Track listing

All songs written by Dean Josiah Cover and Cleopatra Nikolic, except where noted.
* "One Love" – 1:20
* "Why Don't You" – 3:49
* "Young Love" – 4:25
* "Rewind" – 2:23
* "Rose in the Dark" – 3:47
* "When I'm in Your Arms" – 5:35
* "Sideways" – 3:13
* "Butterfly" (Cover, Nikolic, and Alistair O'Donnell) – 3:20
* "Sure of Myself" (Cover, Nikolic, and O'Donnell) – 3:39
* "I Love You" – 2:57
* "Her Light" – 4:05

## Personnel

* Cleo Sol – vocals, instrumentation, liner notes
* Inflo – production
# Alan Stevens

Alan Stevens may also refer to:
* Alan Stevens (footballer) (born 1923), Australian football player
* Alan Stevens (sailor) (born 1933), Hong Kong Olympic sailor
* Alan Stevens (writer), British science fiction writer
* Alan Stevens, former chief executive of Central Railway
# Alain Ekwe

Alain Michel Ekwe (born 20 March 1982 in Douala) is a Cameroonian footballer who plays as a forward. He also has Portuguese nationality, due to the many years spent in the country.
Ekwe played professional football in Portugal, Malta, Greece, Vietnam and Costa Rica, his biggest achievement being appearing in the second division for both Leça FC, Asteras Tripolis F.C. and Kastoria FC (one season apiece).