OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Flight Information Centre

Flight Information Centres (FICs) are centres employing flight service specialists responsible for the management and dissemination of flight safety related information operated by Nav Canada.
Nav Canada's FIC and flight service stations (FSS) use a network of remote communications outlets (RCOs) strategically located to provide maximum coverage and assistance to aircraft flying in all areas of Canada. Flight service specialists staff these stations providing essential aviation-related information to support mainly general aviation, commercial and private. Pilots can contact FICs to obtain any pre-flight information required 24 hours a day. The specialist will provide callers with an interpretation of the latest weather reports, forecasts, satellite images and weather radar, copies of the latest Notice To Airmen (NOTAMs), and file, modify, open, or close a flight plan. Only a few FICs provide for face to face briefings but all can be contacted on a toll free number, or via radio using an RCO (located at numerous aerodromes). Historically, the common en route frequency of 126.7 has been used to contact the FIC, but as general radio traffic has increased, the congestion on that frequency has resulted in a plan by Nav Canada to change over a significant number of RCOs to one of four dedicated FIC frequencies - 123.275, 123.375, 123.475, or 123.55 MHz. When this occurs in a particular area, 126.7 will no longer be monitored by the FIC, however, they will retain broadcast capabilities on 126.7 to transmit urgent messages such as SIGMETs or to aid in a search for an overdue aircraft.

## History

In Canada, 5 FICs have replaced some of the Flight Service Stations. 54 Flight Service Stations remain in operation, mainly at mandatory frequency airports. The FIC concept was conceived from a program begun in the 1990s by Transport Canada, and continued by Nav Canada after the company's inception in 1996. The original plan had a 20-year span and would have included 22 hubs (FICs). Nav Canada decided to accelerate the process and further centralize the project into 8 FICs.
With the removal of FIC duties from Yellowknife, and the closures of North Bay FIC, Halifax FIC, and Winnipeg FIC, there are 5 FICs across Canada as of 2022.
# Admiralty Naval Aircraft Materials Laboratory

The Admiralty Naval Aircraft Materials Laboratory was a research department of the British Royal Navy responsible for dealing with metallurgical and chemical problems affecting naval aircraft from 1949 to 1966.

## History

The Naval Aircraft Materials Laboratory was opened in 1946 as the Materials Laboratory at Holton Heath (originally as an outstation of the Central Metallurgical Laboratory) at the Royal Naval Aircraft Repair Yard, Fleetlands. It dealt with all metallurgical and chemical problems affecting work in the yard, and later it concerned itself with Naval aircraft problems from further afield. It acquired the title Naval Aircraft Materials Laboratory in the early 1950s and since then its status and title have not changed. It is a department of the Royal Naval Aircraft Repair Yard, Fleetlands and is ultimately under the control of the Director-General Aircraft (Naval).

## Timeline

* Admiralty Materials Laboratory, 1947-1977
* Admiralty Naval Aircraft Materials Laboratory, 1953-1966
# Phosphonium coupling

In organic chemistry, phosphonium coupling is a cross-coupling reaction for organic synthesis. It is a mild, efficient, chemoselective and versatile methodology for the formation of C–C, C–N, C–O, and C–S bond of unactivated and unprotected tautomerizable heterocycles. The method was originally reported in 2004. The C–OH bond of a tautomerizable heterocycle is activated with a phosphonium salt (PyBroP, PyBOP, BroP, or BOP), and subsequent functionalization with either a nucleophile through SNAr displacement or an organometallic through transition metal catalyzed cross coupling reaction. The in situ activation of the C-OH bond in phosphonium coupling has been applied to cross coupling reactions of tautomerizable heterocycles and arenols using other types of activating reagents.
Phosphonium coupling generates in situ a pseudo aryl or heteroaryl halide (the intermediate phosphonium species), which subsequently reacts with its coupling partner.
# College of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Raipur

College of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Raipur is a constituent college of Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya. It was established in 1983 under the jurisdiction of Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur. The College is the only Institute of its kind in Chhattisgarh. This college is spread in area of approximately 12 acres.

## History

College of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Raipur was established in 1983 under the jurisdiction of Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur. In 1987, college was transferred under Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur. In the year 1989, Government of Madhya Pradesh Dairy Plant situated in Raipur was handed over to Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya for establishment of this College. Since 2012, it is a constituent college of Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya.

## Departments

* Department of Dairy Technology
* Department of Dairy Engineering
* Department of Dairy Microbiology
* Department of Dairy Chemistry
* Department of Dairy Business Management
* Department of Food Technology

## Academics

The institute offers B.Tech, M.Tech and Ph.D in Dairy Science and Food Technology.
# Ellen Mary Patrick Downing

Ellen Mary Patrick Downing (19 March 1828 – 27 January 1869), known as Mary of the Nation and E. M. P. D., was an Irish nationalist, poet and nun. She was one of the three chief poets of Irish nationality.

## Biography

Born in Cork in 1828, Downing was the daughter of the resident medical officer in Cork Fever Hospital. She wrote for The Nation, submitting over 40 poems which they published and becoming one of the top poets representing Irish Nationalism. She went on to write for the United Irishman until it was suppressed by the Treason Felony Act 1848. She was a member of the Cork Historical Society which is where she met Joseph Brenan, a Young Irelander to whom she became engaged. After disappointment in love however she joined the North Presentation Convent on 14 October 1849. Her new name was Sister Mary Alphonsus. However ill health meant that she did not remain in the convent but lived in her own home though remaining a lay sister. Later she joined the Third Order of St Dominic. George Russell called her a saint and noted that she was much in demand as a religious teacher.

## Selected works
### Poetry collections

* Voices of the Heart, ed. Most Rev. J. P. Leahy, Bishop of Dromore, Dublin 1868; enlarged ed., 1880;
* Novenas and Meditations, Leahy ed., Dublin 1879;
* Poems for Children (issued Dublin 1881)
# Body fluid

Body fluids, bodily fluids, or biofluids, sometimes body liquids, are liquids within the body of an organism. In lean healthy adult men, the total body water is about 60% (60–67%) of the total body weight; it is usually slightly lower in women (52–55%). The exact percentage of fluid relative to body weight is inversely proportional to the percentage of body fat. A lean 70 kg (150 lb) man, for example, has about 42 (42–47) liters of water in his body.
The total body of water is divided into fluid compartments, between the intracellular fluid compartment (also called space, or volume) and the extracellular fluid (ECF) compartment (space, volume) in a two-to-one ratio: 28 (28–32) liters are inside cells and 14 (14–15) liters are outside cells.
The ECF compartment is divided into the interstitial fluid volume – the fluid outside both the cells and the blood vessels – and the intravascular volume (also called the vascular volume and blood plasma volume) – the fluid inside the blood vessels – in a three-to-one ratio: the interstitial fluid volume is about 12 liters; the vascular volume is about 4 liters.
The interstitial fluid compartment is divided into the lymphatic fluid compartment – about 2/3, or 8 (6–10) liters, and the transcellular fluid compartment (the remaining 1/3, or about 4 liters).
The vascular volume is divided into the venous volume and the arterial volume; and the arterial volume has a conceptually useful but unmeasurable subcompartment called the effective arterial blood volume.

## Compartments by location

* intracellular fluid (ICF), which consist of cytosol and fluids in the cell nucleus
* Extracellular fluid
** Intravascular fluid (blood plasma)
** Interstitial fluid
** Lymphatic fluid (sometimes included in interstitial fluid)
** Transcellular fluid

## Health
### Clinical samples

Clinical samples are generally defined as non-infectious human or animal materials including blood, saliva, excreta, body tissue and tissue fluids, and also FDA-approved pharmaceuticals that are blood products. In medical contexts, it is a specimen taken for diagnostic examination or evaluation, and for identification of disease or condition.
# Břežany II

Břežany II is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants.

## Etymology

The name Břežany is derived from the word břeh ('[river] bank' in Czech, but in old Czech also meaning 'hillside') or from the word březí ('birch forest'). The word břežané denoted people who live near a bank, hillside or birch forest, so Břežany was a village of such people.
The Roman numeral in the name serves to distinguish it from the nearby municipality of the same name, Břežany I. The Roman numeral is used since 1960.

## Geography

Břežany II is located about 28 kilometres (17 mi) west of Kolín and 20 km (12 mi) east of Prague. It lies in a flat agricultural landscape on the border between the Central Elbe Table and Prague Plateau. In the eastern part of the municipal territory is a small flooded quarry.

## History

The first written mention of Břežany is from 1305. Until 1588, the village was divided into two parts; one part was owned by the royal chamber and the other was owned by the Prague archbishopric. In 1588, the entire village was acquired by the Smiřický noble family and annexed to the Kostelec estate. In 1622, the estate was bought by the Liechtenstein family. In 1639, during the Thirty Years' War, Břežany was looted by the Swedish army under the leadership of Johan Banér.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 571 | — |
| 1880 | 678 | +18.7% |
| 1890 | 701 | +3.4% |
| 1900 | 744 | +6.1% |
| 1910 | 703 | −5.5% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 664 | −5.5% |
| 1930 | 871 | +31.2% |
| 1950 | 695 | −20.2% |
| 1961 | 652 | −6.2% |
| 1970 | 603 | −7.5% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 587 | −2.7% |
| 1991 | 483 | −17.7% |
| 2001 | 502 | +3.9% |
| 2011 | 653 | +30.1% |
| 2021 | 932 | +42.7% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.

## Sights

Among the protected cultural monuments are a gate of a homestead, dating from the first half of the 19th century, and a fire mast rotary siren. The siren, located on a 4 m (13 ft) high mast, was constructed in the 1920s and was brought to Břežany II in 1935 at the latest.
# Christmas Day with Kitty Wells

Christmas Day with Kitty Wells is a Christmas album recorded by country music singer Kitty Wells and released in 1962 on the Decca label (DL 4349). Wells was accompanied by the Jordanaires on the album. Allmusic gave it three stars.

## Track listing

Side 1
* "Dasher with the Light Upon His Tail" (Warner McPherson)
* "C-H-R-I-S-T-M-A-S" (Jenny Lou Carson, Eddy Arnold)
* "Santa's on His Way" (Bill Phillips, Nita Phillips)
* "Christmas Ain't Like Christmas Anymore" (Roy Botkin, George Gray)
* "Jingle Bells" (James Lord Pierpont)
* "Silent Night" (Franz Xaver Gruber, John F. Young)
Side 2
* "Here Comes Santa Claus (Right Down Santa Claus Lane)" (Oakley Haldeman, Gene Autry)
* "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" (Johnny Marks)
* "Blue Christmas" (Billy Hayes, Jay W. Johnson)
* "Ole Kris Kringle" (Roy Botkin)
* "White Christmas" (Irving Berlin)
* "Away in a Manger" (Traditional)
# M2613

M2613 is a nonsteroidal estrogen derived from triphenylbromoethylene which was studied for the treatment of breast cancer in women in the 1940s, but was never marketed.
# Flower Painter in Ordinary

Flower Painter in Ordinary, also called Flower Painter to the Queen, is a position in the United Kingdom awarded to a painter, and connected to the Queen. Holders of the office included:
* Joseph Barney, "Fruit and Flower Painter" to the Prince Regent
* Phoebe Earle (wife of Denis Dighton and sister of Augustus Earle), was "Fruit and Flower Painter" to Queen Adelaide
* Augusta Innes Withers, to Queen Adelaide and Queen Victoria
* Valentine Bartholomew to Queen Victoria (from before 1849 until his death in 1879)
* Helen Cordelia Angell to Queen Victoria (between 1879 and 1884)
# Robert B. Pinter

Robert Bartholomew Pinter was an American biomedical engineer and authority on signal processing in the insect visual system.

## Education

He received a BS in electrical engineering from Marquette University in 1957 and an MS from Northwestern University in 1960. He received his PhD in electrical engineering and biomedical engineering from Northwestern University in 1964, with a thesis entitled A Study of the Dynamic Properties of the Generator Potential of the Limulus Photoreceptor. His MS and PhD were both under Richard W. Jones.

## Career

Pinter has joined the University of Washington in 1964 and held joint appointments with the Departments of Electrical Engineering and Zoology. He also held appointments as visiting professor of psychology at Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada and visiting fellow of the center for visual sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
His research interests were mathematical and electronic models of the visual and nervous system and linear and nonlinear control theory.

## Books by Pinter

* Bahram Nabet and Robert B. Pinter, Sensory Neural Networks: Lateral Inhibition, Taylor & Francis Group, 1991, ISBN 0-8493-4278-3
* Robert B. Pinter and Bahram Nabet, Nonlinear Vision, Taylor & Francis Group, 1992, ISBN 0-8493-4292-9
# The Byrds' Greatest Hits Volume II

The Byrds' Greatest Hits Volume II is the second greatest hits album by the American rock band the Byrds. It was released in the United Kingdom and Europe on October 29, 1971, by CBS Records as a follow-up to the band's first compilation album, The Byrds' Greatest Hits. The album appeared following the band's successful appearance at the Lincoln Folk Festival in England on July 24, 1971, and according to band biographer Johnny Rogan may have been issued by CBS as a reaction to the band's previous studio album, Byrdmaniax, having failed to chart in the UK.
The album gathered together many of the singles that the Byrds had issued in the UK since the release of their first compilation in 1967, and as a result, it is the first album to feature the band's recording of Bob Dylan's "Lay Lady Lay", which had been issued as a non-album single in May 1969. Most of the tracks on the album were originally released between 1968 and 1971, but the song "The Times They Are a-Changin'" dated from 1965, despite that era of the band's career having already been covered by the Byrds' first greatest hits album.
The Byrds' Greatest Hits Volume II failed to reach the UK Albums Chart, but it peaked at number 1 in the Netherlands. The album's critical reception was generally warm, with the NME describing the compilation as, "an indispensable acquisition for any student of the cream of American rock, particularly of the roots and influences". Nonetheless, a number of contemporary reviews also made note of the album's inaccurate and misleading title, since among the twelve tracks included, only the song "Chestnut Mare" had been a genuine hit.
The album has never been re-issued on CD and is currently out of print.

## Track listing
### Side 1

* "Ballad of Easy Rider" (Roger McGuinn, Bob Dylan) – 2:03
** NOTE: Bob Dylan is not officially credited as a songwriter on "Ballad of Easy Rider".
* "Jesus Is Just Alright" (Arthur Reynolds) – 2:09
* "Chestnut Mare" (Roger McGuinn, Jacques Levy) – 5:09
* "You Ain't Goin' Nowhere" (Bob Dylan) – 2:35
* "I Am a Pilgrim" (traditional, arranged Roger McGuinn, Chris Hillman) – 3:42
* "Goin' Back" (Gerry Goffin, Carole King) – 3:26

### Side 2

* "I Trust (Everything Is Gonna Work Out Alright)" (Roger McGuinn) – 3:19
* "Lay Lady Lay" (Bob Dylan) – 3:17
* "Drug Store Truck Drivin' Man" (Roger McGuinn, Gram Parsons) – 3:52
* "Wasn't Born to Follow" (Gerry Goffin, Carole King) – 2:00
* "The Times They Are a-Changin'" (Bob Dylan) – 2:18
* "Get to You" (Gene Clark, Roger McGuinn) – 2:39
** NOTE: The album erroneously credits "Get to You" to Chris Hillman and Roger McGuinn.
# Coleophora taygeti

Coleophora taygeti is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in Spain, France, Italy, Greece and Romania.
# Ellen Hørup

Ellen Gunhilde Hørup (29 December 1871 – 25 March 1953) was a Danish journalist and non-fiction writer. She wrote extensively in several languages including English in support of peace, improvements in childcare, and women's rights. Hørup was also an active supporter of Mahatma Gandhi, working with him for a time.

## Biography

Born in Copenhagen, Hørup grew up in a rather radical home for the times as her mother Emma Hørup continued to teach rather than raise her daughter at home while her father, the politician Viggo Hørup, was known for his pacificism. Although she trained as a dentist, graduating in both Denmark (1893) and France (1894), she only practised for a short period of training practice.
In 1886, she married the lawyer Vilhelm Nielsen who soon became a leading player at the newspaper Politiken. For a number of years, she continued virtually unnoticed, except for adding to her emancipated reputation by becoming the first female rower and racing cyclist in Denmark. In her early forties, she began work as a translator, producing an Italian version of Hans Christian Andersen's fairly tales. In 1912, she published her first articles in Tilskueren before joining Politikken as a translator. It was not until 1927 that she published the first of a series of long editorial articles in the paper. Thanks to her excellent knowledge of English, Russian and Italian, she is thought to be the first Danish woman who wrote articles on international politics before the Second World War. In 1930, she founded Indiens Venner (Friends of India) together with a journal bearing the same name, reflecting branches of Friends of India organizations around the world. In 1932, she established The International Committee for India which held a number of conferences in Geneva.
She was financially independent after the death of her mother as she inherited shares in the paper her father had started. Continuing her father's work, she was an active supporter of the Indian Congress Party and Mahatma Gandhi. Together with the ceramic artist Cathinca Olsen and the Norwegian singer Bokken Lasson, she worked with Gandhi in the 1920s and 1930s.
Following a quiet period during the war, she resumed editorial writing in 1949, criticizing in particular the lack of organized child care in Denmark and the unsatisfactory conditions in homes for children. She founded a children's home of her own and became a member of the Danish branch of the Fédération Démocratique Internationale des Femmes, now known as Danmarks Demokratiske Kvindeforbund.

## Selected works

* Gandhis Indien, 1931
* Magtens Vej, 1936
* Politik og Krig, 1937
* Hvorfor faar vi Krig?, 1938
* Hvordan Freden reddes, 1939
* Der er kun en Krig, 1946
* Kapitalisme, kommunisme og krig, 1949
# Bohol Fault System

Bohol Fault System is a reverse fault system in Bohol province, Philippines. This fault system contains 3 segments: the newly found North Bohol Fault following the 2013 Bohol earthquake, the South Offshore Fault, and the East Bohol Fault.
The North Bohol fault is located in Inabanga and near Clarin, the South Offshore fault affects the southern towns, while the East Bohol fault starts at the SW part of Bohol from Loay and goes east towards Pilar.

## Bohol fault segments
### North Bohol fault

The North Bohol fault or Inabanga fault is a reverse fault located at Anonang, Inabanga which was found on 15 October 2013 during the Bohol earthquake. According to the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, a new fault occurs only once in a century. The North Bohol fault, shaped as a hanging wall and also known as the "Great Wall of Bohol", became one of the tourist attractions in Bohol province.

### South Offshore fault

The South Offshore Fault is adjacent to the town of Anda. It affects the southern coastal towns from Anda in the east to Maribojoc in the west. The epicenter of the destructive magnitude 6.8 earthquake on February 8, 1990 was near Anda as shown in the map to the right.

### East Bohol fault

The East Bohol fault is a dominantly strike slip fault located at the southern portion of Bohol province, opposite to the North Bohol fault.

## Bohol earthquake

The 2013 Bohol earthquake was a deadly event which happened on 15 October, striking the provinces of Bohol, Cebu, Negros Oriental, Masbate and Leyte.
The M$_w$  7.2 earthquake produced a ~50-km-long, ~12-km-wide northeast trending zone of uplift with an ~8-km-long discontinuous ground rupture indicating predominantly reverse-slip movement on a southeast dipping fault.
Displacement along the northeastern segment of the NBF in Inabanga is significantly larger in the northeast than in the southwest. In the northeast, the displacement was mostly 2 m and reached a maximum of 5 m, while in the southwest, the displacement was mostly less than 1 m. The maximum and average displacements, which were measured along the nearly continuous approximately 2-km-long ground rupture in Sitio Cumayot, Barangay Anonang, Inabanga, were around 5 and 2 m, respectively.
Documentation of the nearly continuous northern terminus of the earthquake ground rupture revealed its association to preexisting scarps of the previously unmapped, Quaternary-active North Bohol Fault. Trenching across the rupture at four sites not only reveals the geometry and kinematics of the fault but also shows at least one or two pre-2013 surface rupturing events. Onshore geologic mapping and offshore seismic reflection profiles demonstrate the presence of an island-wide, northeast-southwest trending fold-and-thrust belt through which deformation related to the regional shortening across the Visayan Sea Basin in the central Philippines is likely distributed.
# Bříza

Bříza is a municipality and village in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.
Bříza lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) south of Litoměřice, 36 km (22 mi) south of Ústí nad Labem, and 34 km (21 mi) north-west of Prague.
# Dorcel TV

Dorcel TV is a subscription based pay-TV adult entertainment television channel distributed throughout Europe via digital cable and satellite television. It is owned by Marc Dorcel. Its content is mostly hardcore pornography, some including faked orgasms.
Dorcel TV also launched in Quebec in 2018.