OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zaka

ZAKA is an Israeli emergency response organisation.
Zaka may also refer to:

## Places
### Burkina Faso

* Zaka, Gounghin, a village in Gounghin Department, Kouritenga Province
* Zaka, Tenkodogo, a village in Tenkodogo Department, Boulgou Province

### Iran

* Zaka, Iran, a village in Khuzestan Province

### Zimbabwe

* Zaka District
* Zaka (Senatorial constituency), roughly congruent with Zaka District
# Tubulavirales

Tubulavirales is an order of viruses.

## Taxonomy

The following families are recognized:
* Inoviridae
* Paulinoviridae
* Plectroviridae
# Bakshaganj Union

Bakshaganj Union is a union, the smallest administrative body of Bangladesh, located in Nangalkot Upazila, Comilla District, Bangladesh. The total population is 20,038.
# William L. Burke

William Lionel Burke (July 1941 – July 1996) was an astronomy, astrophysics, and physics professor at UC Santa Cruz. He is also the author of Spacetime, Geometry, Cosmology (ISBN 0-935702-01-6) (out of print but recently scanned into the Internet Archive), and of Applied differential geometry (ISBN 0-521-26929-6), a text expounding the virtues of differential forms over vector calculus for theoretical physics. Bill also has a draft of a 3rd book reachable on the web |Div, Grad, Curl are Dead].
Born in Bennington, Vermont, Burke obtained his Bachelor of Science degree from Caltech in 1963. His 1969 doctoral thesis, also at Caltech and supervised by Richard Feynman (chair), John Wheeler and Kip Thorne (3rd PhD student), was entitled The Coupling of Gravitational Radiation to Nonrelativistic Sources. His discovery of the Burke Potential, an aspect of gravitation overlooked by Einstein himself, dates from this period. He became a full professor at UCSC in 1988.
Burke is also known as the godfather of the Santa Cruz "Chaos Cabal" also known as the dynamical systems collective, that nurtured the seminal work of MacArthur Fellow Robert Shaw, Norman Packard, Doyne Farmer and James P. Crutchfield. In Tom Bass' book The Eudaemonic Pie, Burke prided himself for his Rubik's Cube costume at the end of the book which kept his identity concealed from his students.
Among other Burke PhD students was astronaut Steven Hawley who was briefly married to astronaut Sally Ride.
An avid hiker, climber, skier, sailor, wind surfer, and Go player, Bill Burke died from complications due to a cervical fracture sustained in an automobile accident. Bill's understanding of science is paraphrased by his thinking: "Never descend the Grand Canyon with less than two geologists."
Bill was married and then divorced from his wife Pat (Patricia).
# Poe, Indiana

Poe is an unincorporated community in Marion Township, Allen County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.
It has about two city blocks of area. Namita Kamath of The Journal Gazette wrote that "Poe is frequently associated with Hoagland".

## History

Poe was first named Williamsport, in honor of landowner William Essig, but it was changed because the U.S. postal authorities refused to accept that name, there being another post office in the state with a similar name.

## Geography

Poe is located at 40°56′09″N 85°05′13″W﻿ / ﻿40.93583°N 85.08694°W﻿ / 40.93583; -85.08694.
Poe has a downtown. In 1995 Kamath quoted an area resident who stated that Poe's downtown had much less activity than it had previously.

## Infrastructure

The fire department building moved onto land donated by an area individual in the 1960s.
A post office was established at Poe in 1856, and remained in operation until it was discontinued by 1917. The Fort Wayne, Indiana post office serves Poe as of 1997.
In 1956 the Poe Southwestern Telephone Association was issuing One share of Capital Stock for $25 per share.

## Education

The East Allen County Schools district includes Poe, and Heritage Elementary School and Heritage Junior/Senior High School are the facilities Poe is zoned to.

## Religion

Poe and Hoagland share a Methodist congregation, Hope United Methodist Church, located outside of the Hoagland CDP. There were previously two separate congregations, Poe (Williamsport) United Methodist Church and Hoagland United Methodist Church (originally Middletown Methodist Church), which merged into Hope in 1995. The former Poe church was to be converted for residential use.

## Recreation

Poe Days is an annual celebration to help fund the fire department.
# Merica laticosta

Merica laticosta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cancellariidae, the nutmeg snails.
# Gmina Suwałki

Gmina Suwałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Suwałki, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.
The gmina covers an area of 264.82 square kilometres (102.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,388.

## Villages

Gmina Suwałki contains the villages and settlements of Biała Woda, Białe, Bobrowisko, Bród Mały, Bród Nowy, Bród Stary, Burdyniszki, Cimochowizna, Czarnakowizna, Czerwony Folwark, Dubowo Drugie, Dubowo Pierwsze, Gawrych-Ruda, Gielniewo, Huta, Korkliny, Korobiec, Kropiwne Nowe, Kropiwne Stare, Krzywe, Kuków, Kuków-Folwark, Leszczewek, Leszczewo, Lipniak, Magdalenowo, Mała Huta, Niemcowizna, Nowa Wieś, Okuniowiec, Osinki, Osowa, Piertanie, Płociczno-Osiedle, Płociczno-Tartak, Poddubówek, Potasznia, Przebród, Słupie, Sobolewo, Stara Turówka, Stary Folwark, Taciewo, Tartak, Trzciane, Turówka Nowa, Wasilczyki, Wasilczyki-Gajówka, Wiatrołuża Pierwsza, Wigry, Wychodne, Zielone Drugie, Zielone Kamedulskie, Zielone Królewskie and Żyliny.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Suwałki is bordered by the city of Suwałki and by the gminas of Bakałarzewo, Filipów, Jeleniewo, Krasnopol, Nowinka, Przerośl, Raczki and Szypliszki.
# Cladara anguilineata

Cladara anguilineata, the angle-lined carpet moth, is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae.
The MONA or Hodges number for Cladara anguilineata is 7638.
# Reidar Amble Ommundsen

Reidar Amble Ommundsen (17 March 1890 – 26 December 1940) was a Norwegian ski jumper and soccer player.

## Career

In 1911 he won the Norwegian soccer cup final 5–2, with his club Lyn Fotball against IF Urædd.
On 7 February 1915 he set the ski jumping world record distance of 54 metres (177 ft) at Vikkollen hill in Mjøndalen, Norway.

## Ski jumping world record

| Date | Hill | Location | Metres | Feet |
| 7 February 1915 | Vikkollen | Mjøndalen, Norway | 54 | 177 |
# Tubuli seminiferi recti

The tubuli seminiferi recti (also known as the tubuli recti, tubulus rectus, or straight seminiferous tubules) are structures in the testicle connecting the convoluted region of the seminiferous tubules to the rete testis, although the tubuli recti have a different appearance distinguishing them from these two structures.
They enter the fibrous tissue of the mediastinum, and pass upward and backward, forming, in their ascent, a close network of anastomosing tubes which are merely channels in the fibrous stroma, lined by flattened epithelium, and having no proper walls; this constitutes the rete testis. Only Sertoli cells line the terminal ends of the seminiferous tubules (tubuli recti).
# Cyanistes

Cyanistes is a genus of birds in the tit family Paridae. The genus was at one time considered as a subgenus of Parus. In 2005 an article describing a molecular phylogenetic study that had examined mitochondrial DNA sequences from members of the tit family, proposed that a number of subgenera including Cyanistes be elevated to genus status. This proposal was accepted by the International Ornithologists' Union and the British Ornithologists' Union.

## Species

The genus contains three species:
| Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
| Cyanistes caeruleus | Eurasian blue tit | Europe |
| Cyanistes teneriffae | African blue tit | northern Africa and the Canary Islands. |
| Cyanistes cyanus | Azure tit | Russia and Central Asia and northwest China, Manchuria and Pakistan. |
The name Cyanistes was introduced for a subgenus by the German naturalist Jakob Kaup in 1829. The word comes from the classical Greek kuanos meaning dark-blue. The type species was designated as the Eurasian blue tit by George Gray in 1842.
# Cobbett

Cobbett is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Hilary Dulcie Cobbett (1885–1976), British artist
* William Cobbett (1763–1835), British radical agriculturist and prolific journalist.
* Walter Willson Cobbett (1847–1937), British author of Cobbett's Cyclopedic Survey of Chamber Music.
# Pleuropogon refractus

Pleuropogon refractus is a species of grass known by the common name nodding semaphoregrass. It is native to the west coast of North America from British Columbia to northern California, where it grows in moist meadows, marshy areas, and shady forests.

## Description

Pleuropogon refractus is a perennial bunchgrass growing to a maximum height around 5 feet. It has a fruit type of caryopsis. The bloom period is between the months of April and August. The flower color is brown. The inflorescence bears widely spaced cylindrical spikelets which hang sideways off the stem, resembling semaphore signals. Each spikelet may be up to 2.5 centimeters long and may contain up to 14 flowers. As the spikelets develop the stem may bend over or nod, so that the spikelets point downward.
The other species of Pleuropogon in Oregon is Pleuropogon oregonus. They can differentiated by height, Pleuropogon refractus is taller, and they have different ranges. Pleuropogon refractus is west of the Cascade Mountains, while oregonus is east of the Cascade Mountains.

## Distribution and habitat

It grows in wet meadows, riverbanks, and shady places. Its elevations range from sea level to around 1000 meters.
It has a global NatureServe rank of G4, meaning apparently secure. It also has this rank in California and British Columbia. Washington and Oregon don't have a local rank for it. It has an IUCN rank of Least concern, and it was assessed in the first of April, 2015. The population trend is unknown.
Its communities include, redwood forests, Douglas-fir forests, yellow pine forests, and wetland-riparian.
# Melville Scott

The Ven. Melville Horne Scott (1827–1898) was Archdeacon of Stafford from 1888 until his death.

## Biography

Scott came from an eminent family: his grandfather was the influential preacher and author Thomas Scott; and his brother George Gilbert Scott an English Gothic revival architect Two of his nephews George Gilbert Scott, Jr. and John Oldrid Scott, and his grandson Giles Gilbert Scott, were also prominent architects. Another nephew was the botanist Dukinfield Henry Scott. His own father was Reverend The Rev. Thomas Scott, Rector of Wappenham, he
Scott was educated at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge and ordained in 1851. He held incumbencies at Ockbrook (1852 to 1872), Litchurch (1872 to 1878; and Lichfield (1878 to 1894). He was appointed a prebendary of Lichfield Cathedral in 1878 and a Canon Residentiary in 1894.
He died on 3 June 1898.
# Golakandail Union

Golakandail Union is a union, the smallest administrative body of Bangladesh, located in Rupganj Upazila, Narayanganj District, Bangladesh. The total population is 28,440.
# Clarisse Ratsifandrihamanana

Clarisse Andriamampandry Ratsifandrihamanana (Fénérive-Est, December 5, 1926 – Antananarivo, June 28, 1987) was a Malagasy writer.
She married Dr. Henri Ratsifandrihamanana in 1946, and they had eight children, including Lila Ratsifandrihamanana. She gained seven important literature prizes and was a member of Malagasy Academy and an officer of Legion of Honour. Clarisse Ratsifandrihamanana had started writing when she was very young, but she really devoted herself to literature after her third daughter's death in 1950. Her literature style is very diverse, both in themes and formats.

## Partial bibliography

* Ny Zanako, I, II
* Lavakombarika
* Salohy
* Ramose
* Lohataona sy Rririnina
# Londershausen House

Londershausen House may refer to:
* Gottlieb Londershausen House
* Paul Londershausen House
# Broadway & 87th Street shopping center

The Broadway & 87th Street shopping center designed by Wisstein Bros. and Surval, was one of the earliest shopping centers in Los Angeles, built in stages between 1936 and 1939 at 8701–8765 South Broadway between 87th and 88th streets, in what is now termed the Broadway-Manchester neighborhood. Researcher and author Richard Longstreth calls it the first true neighborhood shopping center.

## Anchors

It was notable at the time for the high number of anchor stores: a Mayfair's Foodtown supermarket (a new type of store at that time), two drugstores: Thrifty Drug Stores and Owl Rexall Drugs, and two variety stores: Woolworth's and Newberry's.

## Integrity

Stores each had separate façades facing the streets; there was no uniform look for the shopping center as a unit. The street-facing side of the shops was used for display windows; there were no displays facing the parking lot in back, reflecting the perception of parking lots at that time as utilitarian.

## Parking innovation

There was regular street parking in front, and storefronts were flush with the sidewalk. however, there was a shared parking lot for 280 cars at the back of the stores, about equal in size of the combined size of the stores, also a novelty at that time. The northernmost buildings are in use as an indoor swap meet (bazaar).
# William Miller (sound engineer)

William Miller is a British sound engineer. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Sound for the film News of the World.

## Selected filmography

* News of the World (2020; co-nominated with Oliver Tarney, Mike Prestwood Smith and John Pritchett)
# Mercury granuloma

Mercury granulomas is the result of mercury exposure, a skin condition characterized by foreign-body giant cell reaction.$^{:46}$
# Golden Valley Township, Roseau County, Minnesota

Golden Valley Township is a township in Roseau County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 190 at the 2000 census.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.2 square miles (94 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 190 people, 74 households, and 50 families residing in the township. The population density was 5.2 inhabitants per square mile (2.0/km$^2$). There were 99 housing units at an average density of 2.7 per square mile (1.0/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 98.42% White, and 1.58% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.11% of the population.
There were 74 households, out of which 41.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.7% were married couples living together, 6.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.1% were non-families. 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.08.
In the township the population was spread out, with 32.1% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 35.8% from 25 to 44, 17.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 131.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 122.4 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $44,375, and the median income for a family was $48,625. Males had a median income of $29,167 versus $27,031 for females. The per capita income for the township was $15,513. About 6.1% of families and 9.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.5% of those under the age of eighteen and 11.1% of those 65 or over.
# Clara Marshall

Clara Marshall (May 8, 1847 – March 13, 1931) was an American physician, educator, and author. She was dean of the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania from 1888 to 1917.

## Early life and education

Clara Marshall was born in West Chester, Pennsylvania, the daughter of prominent Quakers Mary and Pennock Marshall. She initially worked as a schoolteacher, and at age 24 she enrolled in the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania. Her instructors included Rachel Bodley (chemistry), Ann Preston (physiology), Emeline Horton Cleveland (obstetrics), and Mary Scarlett-Dixon (anatomy).
She graduated with a degree in medicine in 1875, and due to her exceptional skill was immediately made a demonstrator of materia medica and therapeutics. Some members of the college board disputed Marshall's appointment due to her lack of experience, but she was able to overcome their objections. To further her knowledge of the subject, she attended lectures at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy in 1876, becoming the first woman to do so. After this she was made a professor of materia medica and therapeutics at the Woman's Medical College, a title she would retain until 1905.

## Career

In 1882 Marshall was the first woman to join the faculty of Blockley Medical College, as a demonstrator in obstetrics. In her 1897 book The Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania: An Historical Outline, she praised chairman John Huggard for offering her the opportunity, writing: "To this gentleman, more than to any other, belongs the honor of extending more fully to women the clinical advantages of this great hospital." In 1886 she became an attending physician at the Girls' Department of the Philadelphia House of Refuge.
Marshall became dean of the Woman's Medical College in 1888, after the death of Rachel Bodley. During her tenure, her achievements included expanding degree programs from three to four years, increasing the number of subjects taught, and instituting an entrance exam. In 1896 she oversaw the establishment of the first professorship in bacteriology and a laboratory for its instruction. She encouraged students to author academic papers, and in 1895 compiled a list of over 500 such publications. In 1904, Marshall's fundraising efforts resulted in the construction of Pavilion Hospital on the college grounds. From 1907 to 1913 this was expanded to the larger College Hospital. She retired as dean in 1917 and worked in private practice until shortly before her death from arteriosclerosis in 1931.
Marshall was a member of organizations such as the Philadelphia County Medical Society, the Obstetrical Society of Philadelphia, the Medical Society of the State of Pennsylvania, and the American Medical Association. She was a founding member of the New Century Club, and advocated for women's suffrage and the admission of women to medical societies. She was a school board member and a school director in Philadelphia's Eighth Ward.
# Bjarte

Bjarte is a Norwegian male given name and may refer to:
* Bjarte Lunde Aarsheim (born 1975), Norwegian footballer
* Bjarte Baasland (born 1974), former Norwegian businessman and convicted fraudster
* Bjarte Birkeland (1920–2000), Norwegian literary researcher
* Bjarte Breiteig (born 1974), Norwegian short story writer
* Bjarte Bruland (born 1969), Norwegian historian
* Bjarte Eikeset (born 1937), Norwegian lawyer, judge and politician for the Conservative Party
* Bjarte Flem (born 1958), former Norwegian football goalkeeper
* Bjarte Haugsdal (born 1990), Norwegian footballer
* Bjarte Hjelmeland (born 1970), Norwegian actor and theatre director
* Bjarte Ludvigsen (born 1975), record producer from Bergen, Norway
* Bjarte Myrhol (born 1982), Norwegian handball player
* Bjarte Tørå (born 1953), Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party
* Bjarte Engen Vik (born 1971), former Norwegian Nordic combined athlete
# Reid vapor pressure

Reid vapor pressure (RVP) is a common measure of the volatility of gasoline and other petroleum products. It is defined as the absolute vapor pressure exerted by the vapor of the liquid and any dissolved gases/moisture at 37.8 °C (100 °F) as determined by the test method ASTM-D-323, which was first developed in 1930 and has been revised several times (the latest version is ASTM D323-15a). The test method measures the vapor pressure of gasoline, volatile crude oil, jet fuels, naphtha, and other volatile petroleum products but is not applicable for liquefied petroleum gases. ASTM D323-15a requires that the sample be chilled to 0 to 1 degrees Celsius and then poured into the apparatus; for any material that solidifies at this temperature, this step cannot be performed. RVP is commonly reported in kilopascals (kPa) or pounds per square inch (psi) and represents volatization at atmospheric pressure because ASTM-D-323 measures the gauge pressure of the sample in a non-evacuated chamber.
The matter of vapor pressure is important relating to the function and operation of gasoline-powered, especially carbureted, vehicles and is also important for many other reasons. High levels of vaporization are desirable for winter starting and operation and lower levels are desirable in avoiding vapor lock during summer heat. Fuel cannot be pumped when there is vapor in the fuel line (summer) and winter starting will be more difficult when liquid gasoline in the combustion chambers has not vaporized. Thus, oil refineries manipulate the Reid vapor pressure seasonally specifically to maintain gasoline engine reliability.
The Reid vapor pressure (RVP) can differ substantially from the true vapor pressure (TVP) of a liquid mixture, since (1) RVP is the vapor pressure measured at 37.8 °C (100 °F) and the TVP is a function of the temperature; (2) RVP is defined as being measured at a vapor-to-liquid ratio of 4:1, whereas the TVP of mixtures can depend on the actual vapor-to-liquid ratio; (3) RVP will include the pressure associated with the presence of dissolved water and air in the sample (which is excluded by some but not all definitions of TVP); and (4) the RVP method is applied to a sample which has had the opportunity to volatilize somewhat prior to measurement: i.e., the sample container is required to be only 70-80% full of liquid(so that whatever volatilizes into the container headspace is lost prior to analysis); the sample then again volatilizes into the headspace of the D323 test chamber before it is heated to 37.8 degrees Celsius.