OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bongawan (state constituency)

Bongawan is a state constituency in Sabah, Malaysia, that is represented in the Sabah State Legislative Assembly.

## Demographics

Ethnic breakdown of Bongawan's electorate as of 2020

## History
### Poling districts

According to the gazette issued on 31 October 2022, the Bongawan constituency has a total of 10 polling districts.
| State constituency | Poling Districts | Code | Location |
| Bongawan（N30） | Batu Enam | 176/30/01 | SK Our Lady SK Kelatuan SK Langkawit SK Lingan |
| Bongawan（N30） | Kabang | 176/30/02 | SK Kayau SK Kambizaan |
| Bongawan（N30） | Gadong | 176/30/03 | SK Belatik |
| Bongawan（N30） | Bongawan | 176/30/04 | SK Nyaris-Nyaris |
| Bongawan（N30） | Kimanis Mandahan | 176/30/05 | SMK Kimanis |
| Bongawan（N30） | Kimanis Estate | 176/30/06 | SMA Kimanis |
| Bongawan（N30） | Simpangan | 176/30/07 | SJK (C) Cheng Ming |
| Bongawan（N30） | Kuala Pus | 176/30/08 | SK Sumbiling |
| Bongawan（N30） | Bongawan Estate | 176/30/09 | SK Viging Ulu |
| Bongawan（N30） | Seladan | 176/30/10 | SMK Bongawan |

### Representation History

Member of Sabah State Legislative Assembly for Bongawan :
| Assembly | Years | Member | Party |
| Constituency created ||||
| 3rd | 1967 – 1971 | Mulkiaman Sherzeman | Alliance (USNO) |
| 4th | 1971 – 1976 | Aliudin Harun | Alliance (USNO) |
| 5th | 1976 – 1981 | Dzulkifli Abdul Hamid | Alliance (USNO) |
| 6th | 1981 – 1985 | Abdul Hamid Kanizaman | BN (BERJAYA) |
| 7th | 1985 – 1986 | Ibrahim Pengiran Dewa | USNO |
| 8th | 1986 – 1987 | Abdul Karim Abdul Ghani | USNO |
| 8th | 1987 – 1990 | Abdul Ghani Bidin | PBS |
| 9th | 1990 – 1994 | Karim Bujang | BN (USNO) |
| 10th | 1994 – 1999 | Karim Bujang | BN (UMNO) |
| 11th | 1999 – 2004 | Karim Bujang | BN (UMNO) |
| 12th | 2004 – 2008 | Karim Bujang | BN (UMNO) |
| 13th | 2008 – 2013 | Karim Bujang | BN (UMNO) |
| 14th | 2013 – 2018 | Mohamad Alamin | BN (UMNO) |
| 15th | 2018 – 2020 | Daud Yusof | WARISAN |
| 16th | 2020 – | Daud Yusof | WARISAN |
# Logspeed CZ Aréna

LOGSPEED CZ Aréna is an indoor sporting arena located in Plzeň, Czech Republic. The capacity of the arena is 7,356 people. The ice rink was established in 1950 as an open-air stadium, and between 1966 and 1970 the area was developed to cover the playing surface. It is currently home to the HC Škoda Plzeň ice hockey team.

## History

HC Škoda Plzeň played at the winter rink, which was built at the site of the city's former cattle market, for the first time on 11 February 1950 competing against Slávia Prešov in a friendly match. In 1951 the hockey team reached the top level of Czechoslovak ice hockey and the rink became a top-tier venue. The venue hosted its first outdoor international match against Swedish side AIK Stockholm, which a crowd of 14,000 witnessed. During a match against Vítkovice on 31 March 1992, a flare set off by one of the attending fans resulted in a major fire at the arena. Between 2002 and 2005, the city of Plzeň spent approximately 150 million Czech koruna to modernise the arena.
The stadium co-hosted the 2005 IIHF World U18 Championships in ice hockey, which was the first international tournament to be hosted there. In 2017 American rock group ZZ Top played at the venue.

## Naming and sponsorship

The arena was sponsored by energy company ČEZ Group from 2005, taking the name ČEZ Aréna. This arrangement continued until 2015, when the sponsor made a decision to reduce its sponsorship of sports. In 2015 the new name of the arena was announced as Home Monitoring Aréna. The arena subsequently took the name LOGSPEED CZ Aréna in 2019, ahead of the 2019–20 Czech Extraliga season, on a five-year contract.
# Logroñés

Logroñés may refer to five clubs based in Logroño, Spain:
* CD Logroñés, Spanish football club founded in 1940 and not entering any competition since 2009
* AD Fundación Logroñés, Spanish football club founded in 1999 and dissolved in 2009
* Logroñés CF, Spanish football club founded in 2000 and dissolved in 2008
* UD Logroñés, Spanish football club founded in 2009
* SD Logroñés, Spanish football club founded in 2009
# Lora Webb Nichols

Lora Webb Nichols (1883–1962) was an American photographer and diarist.

## Early life and education

Nichols was born in Boulder, Colorado. Her grandfather was Colorado Lieutenant Governor David H. Nichols. She moved with her family to Encampment, Wyoming.

## Life and work

Nichols began photographing in 1899 at age 16. Lucy Davies, writing in The Daily Telegraph, described her work as recording Wyoming's "inconsequential chores and rituals (washing, shovelling snow, braiding hair) rather than grand events. Even so, her frank, bold pictures capture the clean-cut thrill of pioneer life, of America's hugeness and scope." Around 1905, Nichols built a darkroom and worked as a photographer and a photo finisher. In 1925, she founded three businesses in Encampment: the Rocky Mountain Studio which developed film and loaned cameras; The Encampment Echo newspaper; and The Sugar Bowl, selling soda and ice cream. When cowboys and young men in the Civilian Conservation Corps passed through town, Nichols would loan them a camera and ask them to return with photographs. These images represent about a third of her archive.
In 1935, she moved to Stockton, California and worked in a children's home, eventually becoming its director. She returned to Encampment in 1956, where she died in 1962.

## Personal life

She had six children.

## Legacy

There are 24000 photographs in Nichols' archive, 16000 of them taken by her, held at the American Heritage Center of the University of Wyoming. That archive also includes a manuscript for her unfinished memoir, I Remember: a Girl's Eye View of Early Days in the Rocky Mountains. Her diaries and other photographs are held at Grand Encampment Museum in Encampment.

## Publications

* Encampment, Wyoming: Selections from the Lora Webb Nichols Archive 1899–1948. Amsterdam: Fw, 2020. Edited by Nicole Jean Hill. ISBN 978-94-90119-89-8. With essays by Nancy F. Anderson and Hill.
** Amsterdam: Fw, 2021.
# Political philology

Political philology is "an active mode of understanding" texts. It does not simply take (religious) texts at face-value as religious texts without any connection to a social and political context, but situates them in a historical context, and is sensitive to the social and political implications and usages of a (religious) text.
# Loki Schmidt

Hannelore "Loki" Schmidt (née Glaser; 3 March 1919 – 21 October 2010) was a German teacher and environmentalist. She was the wife of Helmut Schmidt, who was the Chancellor of Germany from 1974 to 1982.

## Life and work

Hannelore Glaser was born in 1919 in Hamburg. She studied four semesters of education. After graduation she worked as a school teacher continuously from 1940 until 1972 (teaching elementary school, Volksschule and Realschule). She married Helmut Schmidt in 1942. He became a politician who rose in 1974 to become Chancellor of West Germany.
In 1976, Loki Schmidt founded the Stiftung zum Schutze gefährdeter Pflanzen (engl.: foundation for the protection of endangered plants), which later became the Stiftung Naturschutz Hamburg und Stiftung zum Schutze gefährdeter Pflanzen (engl.: nature conservancy foundation Hamburg for the protection of endangered plants).
In 1980, she established the Flower of the Year campaign, a public awareness campaign for the protection of endangered wildflowers in Germany. For this work she was awarded the title Professor by the University of Hamburg. She was an honorary doctor of the Russian Academy of Science in St. Petersburg and the University of Hamburg.
The new botanical garden in Hamburg was renamed after her to "Loki-Schmidt-Garten" in 2012.
She was buried in the Ohlsdorf Cemetery.

## Legacy

The Puya loki-schmidtiae, the Pitcairnia loki-schmidtiae and the scorpion Tityus lokiae are named in her honour.

## Family

Loki and Helmut Schmidt married on 27 June 1942; they had a son (who died as an infant) and a daughter.

## Later years

In 2009, she was awarded the honorary citizen award (Ehrenbürgerschaft)—the highest decoration—of Hamburg. She died during the night of 20/21 October 2010, aged 91, at her home in Langenhorn. The marriage with Helmut Schmidt had lasted 68 years.

## Publications

* Schützt die Natur: Impressionen aus unserer Heimat. Herder Verlag, 1979, ISBN 3-451-18225-4.
* H.-U. Reyer, W. Migongo-Buke und L. Schmidt: Field Studies and Experiments on Distribution and Foraging of Pied and Malachite Kingfishers at Lake Nakuru (Kenya). In: Journal of Animal Ecology, Band 57, 1988, S. 595–610, Zusammenfassung, ISSN 0021-8790.
* W. Barthlott, S. Porembski, M. Kluge, J. Hopke und L. Schmidt: Selenicereus wittii (Cactaceae). An epiphyte adapted to Amazonian Igapó inundation forests. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution, Band 206, 1997, S. 175–185, ISSN 0378-2697.
* Die Botanischen Gärten in Deutschland. Verlag Hoffmann und Campe, 1997, ISBN 3-455-11120-3.
* Die Blumen des Jahres. Verlag Hoffmann und Campe, 2003, ISBN 3-455-09395-7.
* P. Parolin, J. Adis, M. F. da Silva, I. L. do Amaral, L. Schmidt und M. T. F. Piedade: Floristic composition of a floodplain forest in the Anavilhanas archipelago, Brazilian Amazonia. In: Amazoniana, Band 17 (3/4), 2003, S. 399–411, Abstract, ISSN 0065-6755.
* Loki: Hannelore Schmidt erzählt aus ihrem Leben. Verlag Hoffmann und Campe, 2003, ISBN 3-455-09408-2.
* Mein Leben für die Schule. 2005, ISBN 3-455-09486-4
* Erzähl doch mal von früher: Loki Schmidt im Gespräch mit Reinhold Beckmann. Verlag Hoffman und Campe, 2008, ISBN 3-455-50094-3.
# Lord Adam Gordon

Major Lord Adam Granville Gordon KCVO MBE (1 March 1909 – 5 July 1984) was a British royal courtier.
Gordon was the second son of Lt.-Col. Granville Cecil Douglas Gordon (1883–1930), who was later an equerry to the Duke of Connaught, and Violet Ida Streatfeild. His grandfather was Lord Granville Armyne Gordon (1856–1907), sixth son of the 10th Marquess of Huntly.
He was educated at Eton and joined the territorial division of the Royal Artillery in 1927, rising to the rank of Major and fought in World War II (where he was mentioned in despatches and afterwards awarded the MBE). In 1937, his elder brother, Douglas, inherited their great-uncle's title of Marquess of Huntly, and Adam and his younger brothers were granted the rank of a marquess's younger sons, enabling him to use the prefix Lord.
In 1953, Lord Adam succeeded Gp. Capt. Peter Townsend as Comptroller and Assistant Private Secretary to The Queen Mother, a post he held until his retirement in 1974. He was knighted in 1960 and died in 1984.
In 1947, he married Pamela, daughter of Alexander Herriot Bowhill of Inchmarlo CBE. They had two sons, Adam Alexander (born 1948) and Douglas Herriot (born 1951), Page of Honour to Queen Elizabeth II, 1965–67.
# Pont-Saint-Pierre

Pont-Saint-Pierre (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Eure department in Normandy in northern France.
# Lokomotiv Yaroslavl (VHL)

Lokomotiv was an ice hockey team in Yaroslavl, Russia. They played in the VHL, the second level of Russian ice hockey. It was a farm club of Lokomotiv Yaroslavl of the Kontinental Hockey League. It was founded for the 2011-12 season after the entire KHL team, along with its coaching staff, died in the 2011 Lokomotiv Yaroslavl plane crash and consisted of MHL players of Loko Yaroslavl. When the franchise rejoined the KHL in its 2012–13 season, it was decided to keep a minor team in the VHL structure.
In 2013, Lokomotiv Yaroslavl decided not to allow its team to participate in the VHL for the 2013–14 season. Therefore, Lokomotiv's VHL club was disbanded.
# Lokomotive

The Lokomotive (German for "locomotive") is a striking climbing rock north of Kurort Rathen in Saxon Switzerland in Germany. The rock, which resembles a steam locomotive in appearance, is also known as Große Ruine, is about 30 metres high and is divided into two parts: known as Lokomotive-Dom ("Locomotive Dome") and Lokomotive-Esse ("Locomotive Chimney"). The ridge between the two is called the Kesselgrat ("Boiler Ridge"), the rock teeth next to the Esse as Pfeife ("Whistle"). For a short time there was a weather vane on the dome in the shape of a wheel. The Lokomotive rises on the massif of the Honigsteine.
The Dome of the Lokomotive was first climbed in 1886 by Friedrich Hartmann and Robert Kappmeier. In the history of free climbing in Saxon Switzerland the climb of the Esse on 7 June 1903 by Albert Kunze and Oliver Perry-Smith was the first ascent of the Esse and the first step in climbing the open face. Until then climbers had focussed on chimneys and crevices. The first ascent of the grade V Lokomotivüberfall climbing route on the Esse unleashed an intensive period of climbing in Saxon Switzerland that lasted until 1910, during which climbers like Kunze, Perry-Smith and Rudolf Fehrmann made the first ascent of many important climbing peaks, like the Barbarine, the Große Herkulessäule, the Jungfer or the Teufelsturm.

## Sources

* Karl Däweritz: Klettern im Sächsischen Fels, Sportverlag Berlin, Berlin, 1979.
* Dietmar Heinicke (ed.): Kletterführer Sächsische Schweiz, Band Wehlener Gebiet/Rathener Gebiet/Brand, Dresden, 2003, ISBN 3-934514-06-5
* Rudolf Fehrmann: Der Bergsteiger in der Sächsischen Schweiz, Verlagsanstalt Johannes Siegel, Dresden, 1908.
# Lokomotiv Stadium (Tashkent)

Lokomotiv Stadium, is a multi-use stadium in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home of football club, Lokomotiv Tashkent.
The stadium was built on the site of the Traktor Tashkent Stadium. The construction work started in 2009 and finished in 2012. The stadium holds 8,000 people.
The stadium was opened on 11 May 2012 with the 2012 Uzbek League match between Lokomotiv and FK Andijan.
# Polysarcus

Polysarcus is a genus of bush crickets in the subfamily Phaneropterinae and tribe Barbitistini. Species can be found in western Europe (but not the British Isles or Scandinavia), Middle East through to Afghanistan.

## Species

The Orthoptera Species File lists:
* Polysarcus denticauda (Charpentier, 1825) - type species
* Polysarcus elbursianus (Uvarov, 1930)
* Polysarcus scutatus (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882)
* Polysarcus zacharovi (Stshelkanovtzev, 1910)
* Polysarcus zigana Ünal & Chobanov, 2013
# Lone Star College–Montgomery

30°12′39″N 95°28′03″W﻿ / ﻿30.21087°N 95.46746°W﻿ / 30.21087; -95.46746 Lone Star College–Montgomery (formerly Montgomery College or MC) is a community college in The Woodlands, Texas.
It was founded in 1992 and is part of the Lone Star College System, serving the Montgomery County area.
The school enrolled just over 9,200 credit students in the fall 2007 semester and is the only Lone Star College System college to offer biotechnology, physical therapist assistant, human services and land surveying degrees.
The current campus was dedicated August 14, 1995, by then-Governor George W. Bush.

## Notable alumni

* Preston Fassel, novelist and journalist, Class of 2009
# P. californica

P. californica may refer to:
* Paeonia californica, the California peony or wild peony, a plant species endemic to southwest California
* Parnassia californica, the California grass of Parnassus, a flowering plant species native to the mountains of Oregon, California and Nevada
* Perideridia californica, the California yampah, a flowering plant species endemic to California
* Phacelia californica, the California phacelia and California scorpionweed, a plant species native to coastal northern California and Oregon
* Phalaris californica, the California canarygrass, an uncommon grass species native to southern Oregon and northern and central California
* Phragmatopoma californica, the sandcastle worm, honeycomb worm or honeycomb tube worm, a reef-forming marine polychaete worm species found on the Californian coast, from Sonoma County to northern Baja California
* Phryganidia californica, the California oakworm or California oak moth, a moth species found along the coasts of California and Oregon
* Plagiodera californica, a leaf beetle
* Polioptila californica, the California gnatcatcher, a small insectivorous bird species
* Polygala californica, the California milkwort, a flowering plant species native to southwestern Oregon and northern and central California
* Pteronarcys californica, the giant stonefly or salmonfly, an aquatic insect species

## Synonyms

* Phomopsis californica, a synonym for Diaporthe citri, a plant pathogen species
* Pyrocleptria californica, a synonym for Schinia aurantiaca, a moth species found in North America, including California and Arizona
# Acompsia ponomarenkoae

Acompsia ponomarenkoae is a moth of the family Gelechiidae which can be found in Albania and Greece.
The wingspan is 20–24 millimetres (0.79–0.94 in) for males and 16–17 millimetres (0.63–0.67 in) for females. Adults are on wing from late May to late July.

## Etymology

The species is named for Dr. Margarita Ponomarenko who discovered its distinctness independently of the scientists who described the species.
# Mülsen

Mülsen is a municipality in Germany, Landkreis Zwickau in Saxony. It is situated 6 km northeast of Zwickau.
# Extended enterprise

An extended enterprise is a loosely coupled, self-organizing network of firms that combine their economic output to provide products and services offerings to the market. Firms in the extended enterprise may operate independently, for example, through market mechanisms, or cooperatively through agreements and contracts. They provide value added service or product to the OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer).
Alternatively referred to as a "supply chain" or a "value chain", the extended enterprise describes the community of participants involved with provisioning a set of service offerings. The extended enterprise associated with "McDonald's", for example, includes not only McDonald's Corporation, but also franchisees and joint venture partners of McDonald's Corporation, the 3PLs that provide food and materials to McDonald's restaurants, the advertising agencies that produce and distribute McDonald's advertising, the suppliers of McDonald's food ingredients, kitchen equipment, building services, utilities, and other goods and services, the designers of Happy Meal toys, and others.
Extended enterprise is a more descriptive term than supply chain, in that it permits the notion of different types and degrees and permanence of connectivity. Connections may be by contract, as in partnerships or alliances or trade agreements, or by open market exchange or participation in public tariffs.
How an extended enterprise is organized and structured and its policies and mechanisms for the exchange of information, goods, services and money is described by the enterprise architecture.
The notion of the extended enterprise has taken on more importance as firms have become more specialized and inter-connected, trade has become more global, processes have become more standardized and information has become ubiquitous. The standardization of business processes has permitted companies to purchase as services many of the activities that previously had been provided directly by the business entity. By outsourcing certain business functions that had been previously self-provided, such as transportation, warehousing, procurement, public relations, information technology, firms have been able to concentrate their resources on those investments and activities that provide them the greatest rate of return. The remaining "core competencies" determine the firm's unique value proposition.
Recently, the notion of extended enterprise has been updated by Alguezaui and Filieri (2014) who have reconceptualized the extended enterprise in the knowledge economy.
# 2010 CAF Confederation Cup knockout stage

The knockout phase of the 2010 CAF Confederation Cup began on 29 October 2010 and concluded on 4 December 2010. The knockout phase involved the four teams who finished in the top two in each of their groups in the group stage. Each tie was played over two legs, with each team playing one leg at home. The team that had the higher aggregate score over the two legs progressed to the next round. In the event that aggregate scores finish level, the team that scored more goals away from home over the two legs progressed. If away goals are also equal, the tie is decided by a penalty shoot-out – with no extra time being held.

## Qualified teams

| Group | Winners | Runners-up |
| A | Al-Hilal | Ittihad |
| B | FUS Rabat | CS Sfaxien |

## Semifinals

1–1 on aggregate. CS Sfaxien won on penalties.
2–2 on aggregate. FUS Rabat won on the away goals rule.

## Final

FUS Rabat won 3–2 on aggregate.
# Ada Swineford

Ada Swineford (July 12, 1917 – July 31, 1993) was a clay mineralogist and Professor of geology at Western Washington State College in Bellingham. Swinefordite is named after her.

## Life

Swineford was born in Chicago on 17 June 1917. Her parents were Charles and Kate (born Watson) Swineford and she was unusual in deciding to choose geology when few women were involved. Her father was a professor of engineering at the Chicago Institute of Technology. She obtained her own science degree in 1940 and a master's degree in 1942 at the University of Chicago. The same year she joined the geological Survey of Kansas. By 1949 she led the petrology department. In 1954 she was awarded a doctorate by Pennsylvania State University and in 1958 she began teaching at the University of Kansas and in 1964 she was an associate professor.
In 1961 she and Paul C. Franks published the proceedings of the "Clay and Clay Materials" conference which was held in Austin Texas.
She moved to Western Washington State College in Bellingham where she became a full professor in 1969. She nominally retired in the 1970s but also took up positions at other universities.
Swineford was a mineralogist and more particularly a Kansas geologist. She and John Frye studied loess. She was involved in the controversy that argued over the nature of loesse formation. She and Frye looked at the particle size of loesse and compared it with local dust. They found a high degree of similarity and this strengthened the evidence of Russell's theory that they had been formed from dust.
The mineral Swinefordite is named after her. The clay is said to have the consistency of Vaseline and is found in a mine in North Carolina. The clay is rich in lithium and was discovered by one of her students.
# Aimo Maggi

Aimo Maggi (31 May 1756 – 9 December 1793) was an Italian painter of the Neoclassic periods, mainly active in his natal city of Brescia.
Adept as a musician, he dedicated himself to writing and painting. He studied at the University of Bologna. He was a pupil of the landscape painter Agostino Bertelli. In 1794, and hence posthumously, Maggi's biography of Bertelli was published.
# Rodeillo

Rodeillo (pronounced ) is a village located 25 kilometers from Pichilemu, in central Chile.
The village has a water mill built in 1952 by countryman José Elizardo Muñoz Vargas; it has become a touristic attraction.
# Carex spicigera

Carex spicigera is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to Sri Lanka.
It was described by the botanist Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck in 1834 as published in Contributions to the Botany of India.
# Carex sparganioides

Carex sparganioides, known as bur-reed sedge or loose-headed bracted sedge, is a perennial plant belonging to the sedge family (Cyperaceae). Its native range includes most of the eastern and central United States and eastern Canada. In Maine, it is typically found in hardwood or mixed forests.
It typically grows 30–100 centimeters (12–39 in) high, and contains teardrop-shaped seed sacs within egg-shaped spikelets.
Carex sparganioides is considered endangered in Maine and New Hampshire. It is used for soil stabilization on shaded slopes.
# Aisone

Aisone is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southwest of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 269 and an area of 36.7 square kilometres (14.2 sq mi). The mayor is Marisa Rondolino. Aisone borders the following municipalities: Demonte, Valdieri, and Vinadio.