OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lyle's flying fox

Lyle's flying fox (Pteropus lylei) is a species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae. It is found in Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam, with an outlying population in Yunnan, China. It faces persecution from farmers and it is killed for bushmeat in parts of its range. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being "vulnerable".

## Description

Lyle's flying fox is a moderate-sized species. It has a long snout, large eyes, pointed ears and a fox-like face. The upper parts are mostly blackish apart from a broad collar of orange fur and sometimes a dark brown or yellowish-brown lower body. The wings are black or dark brown, while the underparts are dark brownish-black.

## Distribution and habitat

Lyle's flying fox is endemic to the countries in southern Asia adjoining the Gulf of Thailand, its range extending from southern Thailand through central and southern Cambodia to the extreme southwestern part of Vietnam. It has also been detected in Yunnan Province in China. It is gregarious and roosts in tropical and sub-tropical forest, mangrove forests and can also occur in plantations and secondary forests.
A colony of thousands of bats consisting of this species, mixed with the large flying fox, is to be found at the Bat Pagoda (Khmer Chùa Dơi) in Sóc Trăng city in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. Here the bats roost in trees in the grounds of the temple and are protected by the monks.

## Ecology

Like other flying foxes, Lyle's flying fox feeds on fruit; its diet is known to include mango, cashew, monkey jack, sapodilla, dragonfruit, Java apple, tamarind, jambolan and roseapple. It chews the fruit and spits out most of the seeds, but some seeds are swallowed and pass through the bat, resulting in their dispersal. The bat also feeds on flowers, nectar and pollen. While foraging they visit orchards, and may fly 50 km (31 mi) between roosts.
The bats feed nocturnally but the roosting colony, high in trees, is quite active during the day, with mothers feeding their young and the bats moving around and vocalizing. This bat is a reservoir for the Nipah virus, the causal agent of a newly emerged neurological and respiratory disease which was first reported in 1998. The virus is harmless in bats but can cause a fatal disease in pigs and humans.

## Status

The trees in which Lyle's flying fox roosts may become denuded of leaves and the bats may be threatened when the trees die, if they have not been replaced by new plantings. Another threat the bats face is hunting in Thailand and Cambodia and persecution by farmers across their range trying to protect their orchards. The International Union for Conservation of Nature estimates that populations have declined by more than 30% within the last fifteen years and has rated the conservation status of this flying fox as "vulnerable".
# 2002 in Germany

Events in the year 2002 in Germany.

## Incumbents

* President – Johannes Rau
* Chancellor – Gerhard Schröder

## Events

* 1 January - The Euro Currency officially became the legal tender for Germany, along with the other European Union (EU) Eurozone member area countries, replacing the Deutsche Mark by being introduced physically with the official launch of the currency coins and banknotes. 6-17 February - 52nd Berlin International Film Festival
* 22 February: Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002
* 26 April: Erfurt massacre
* 17 May: Legoland Germany opens.
* 8 June – 15 September : Documenta11
* 30 June: The Völkerstrafgesetzbuch goes into effect.
* 1 July: Überlingen mid-air collision
* 10 July: Swiss International Air Lines Flight 850
* 13 July: Murder of Marinus Schöberl
* August: 2002 European floods
* 22 October: The Second Schröder cabinet led by Gerhard Schröder was sworn in.
* 16 December: Berlin Plus agreement
* Date unknown:
** German construction company Philipp Holzmann is defunct.
** Hammer Klavier Trio, a jazz trio from Hamburg is founded.
** JCNetwork student consultancy is founded.
** NanoAndMore, a nanotechnology distributor is founded.

## Elections

* 2002 German federal election
* 2002 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern state election
* 2002 Saxony-Anhalt state election

## Births

* 26 October - Emma Schweiger, actress

## Deaths

* 27 January - Franz Meyers, German politician (born 1908)
* 1 February - Hildegard Knef, German actress (born 1925)
* 8 February - Joachim Hoffmann, German historian (born 1930)
* 11 March - Marion Dönhoff. German journalist (born 1909)
* 13 March - Hans-Georg Gadamer, German philosopher (born 1900)
* 3 April - Heinz Drache, German actor (born 1923)
* 9 April - Thomas Dinger, German musician (born 1952)
* 2 May - Richard Stücklen, German politician (born 1916)
* 4 May - Rolf Friedemann Pauls, German diplomat (born 1915)
* 2 June - Konrad Wirnhier, German sport shooter (born 1937)
* 13 June - John Herberger, German football player and coach (born 1919)
* 17 June - Fritz Walter, German football player (born 1920)
* 22 June - Frank Ripploh, German actor and film director (born 1949)
* 29 June - Alfred Dregger, German politician (born 1920)
* 13 July - Marinus Schöberl, German murder victim (born 1985)
* 25 July - Johannes Joachim Degenhardt, Archbishop of Paderborn (born 1926)
* 30 August - Horst Wendlandt, German film director (born 1922)
* 14 October - Norbert Schultze, German film composer (born 1911)
* 23 October - Marianne Hoppe, German actress (born 1909)
* 7 November - Rudolf Augstein, German journalist (born 1923)
* 3 December - Klaus Löwitsch, German actor (born 1936)
* 6 December - Gerhard Löwenthal, German journalist (born 1922)
* 31 December - Jürgen Dethloff, German engineer (born 1924)
# Thomas MacDonald

Thomas MacDonald or Tom MacDonald may refer to:

## Thomas MacDonald

* Thomas Logie MacDonald (1901–1973), Scottish astronomer
* Thomas Harris MacDonald (1881–1957), American road-builder
* Thomas MacDonald (cricketer) (1908–1998), Irish cricketer
* Thomas H. MacDonald, British stage and film actor
* Thomas Kennedy Macdonald (1847–1914), New Zealand politician
* Tommy Mac (carpenter) (born 1966), American carpenter and woodworker

## Tom MacDonald

* Tom Macdonald (politician) (1898–1980), New Zealand politician
* Tom Macdonald (writer) (1900–1980), Welsh journalist and novelist
* Tom MacDonald (rapper) (born 1988), Canadian musician
* Tommy Mac (musician) (born 1971), Canadian musician
# Northern Lincolnshire and Goole Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Northern Lincolnshire and Goole Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust is an NHS Foundation Trust which was established in April 2001, by a merger of North East Lincolnshire NHS Trust and Scunthorpe and Goole Hospitals NHS Trust. It runs the Diana, Princess of Wales Hospital in Grimsby, Scunthorpe General Hospital, both in Lincolnshire, and Goole and District Hospital, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England.
The trust established the Path Links Pathology Service jointly with United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust in 2001.
In January 2016 the trust was one of five where substantial reconfiguration of services was envisaged.

## Performance

It was one of 11 trusts to be placed into special measures after the Keogh Review into higher than expected mortality rates. It was assigned to Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust for support and though it was said to be making good progress it was one of the 24 trusts placed in the highest risk band by the Care Quality Commission in October 2013.
In December 2013 the Trust was one of thirteen hospital trusts named by Dr Foster Intelligence as having higher than expected higher mortality indicator scores for the period April 2012 to March 2013 in their Hospital Guide 2013.
It was taken out of special measures in July 2014.
In April 2015 the trust asked for an emergency loan from the Department of Health as it forecast an £18 million year end deficit for 2014-15. It expects a deficit of £25.8 million for 2015/6.
Scunthorpe General Hospital was judged by the Care Quality Commission to be "inadequate" in April 2016. They found "evidence of harm to patients within the outpatient services because of poor management of the follow up appointment system". The trust complained about this assessment. Diana, Princess of Wales Hospital in Grimsby was rated as "requires improvement", while Goole and District Hospital was rated "good".
The trust was hit by a Ransomware virus, Globe2, on 30 October 2016. Computer systems were shut down and 2,800 appointments were cancelled over the following two days.
In May 2017 it announced an external contract for ophthalmology work to help clear a backlog of almost 900 patients. It was again put into special measures after the Care Quality Commission found that there "remained a lack of management oversight of the recurrent backlogs".
In January 2020 it had a backlog of 34,938 follow-up appointments of which 20% were in ophthalmology. The ophthalmology service could not meet the quality standards set by NICE regarding “the frequency of recall to follow-up, as well as the tests which need to be performed every visit due to limitation of clinical capacity, technical instrumentation and training technicians”.
# Oliver Bendt

Oliver Bendt (born Jörg Knoch on 29 October 1946 in Potsdam) is a German singer and actor.
Knoch grew up the son of an actress in Munich, where he played children's roles in several films, including Königswalzer (1955) and Weil du arm bist, musst du früher sterben (1956). He received his first violin, piano and guitar lessons and became a member of the Regensburg Cathedral Boys Choir, where he received vocal training, and completed his vocal studies at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg. In 1967, he competed at the Ralf Arnie Musikverlag as a junior and came into a career as a singer under the name "George" in 1967 and 1968 with four single records. At the same time he sang with the German production of the musical Hair. Later, he renamed himself Oliver Bendt and had more success with cover versions of English hits, including What I did, I did for Maria, I'll come back to Amarillo, My Song for Mary and Oh, Marie.
Towards the end of the 1970s, he lived for some time on the Caribbean island of Saint Lucia. Here he had the idea for the Goombay Dance Band, which brought him his greatest successes in 1979/1980. The greatest success in Germany was the song Sun of Jamaica. Internationally it was Seven Tears. This single sold 11 million copies, and was in the chart for 12 weeks in the UK including three weeks at number one.
Bendt lives with his family in Norderstedt near Hamburg; he met his wife in St. Lucia.
# Coprosma acutifolia

Coprosma acutifolia, is a shrub that is native to New Zealand, found only on Raoul Island. C. acutifolia can grow up to 12 metres tall in wet or dry forest, becoming a sub-canopy tree at lower altitudes and a canopy species along ridgelines.
Tree up to c. 10 m. tall; branches ascending; branchlets slender, glab. Lvs on slender petioles 5–7 mm. long. Stipules membr., sheathing, sub-acute; denticle prominent. Lamina membr., glab., ovate to ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, acuminate, tapering to petiole; ± 60-(75) × 20- (35) mm.; margins ± waved. Reticulated veins fine, evident. ♂ 3–9 on slender axillary branched peduncles 10–15 mm. long; calyx cupular, teeth 4–5, acute; corolla subfunnelform, lobes 5, acute, ± = tube; stamens us. 5. ♀ 3 in a cluster on branched axillary peduncles; calyx cupular, teeth triangular, us. 5; corolla tubular, lobes linear-triangular, < tube. Drupe orange-red, oblong, 7–8 mm. long.

## Etymology

The genus name, Coprosma derives from the Greek kopros ("dung") and osme ("smell"), and describes the genus' foul smell, while the specific epithet, acutifolia, derives from Latin, and means "sharp-leaved".
# Boardy Barn

Boardy Barn was a bar located in The Hamptons in New York from 1970 until 2021. The bar was only open on Sundays in the summer from mid-May to the Sunday after Labor Day during the hours of 2pm to 8pm. Every week, about 2,000 patrons visit the venue's party tent.
Boardy Barn was often celebrated for its upbeat atmosphere and its signature smiley face stickers, and the Miami New Times called it "the happiest place on earth".
The New York Post estimated that on the Sunday before Memorial Day in 2011, Boardy Barn ran through 600 kegs of Budweiser in seven hours. According to Tony Galgano, one of the owners of Boardy Barn, "They say that if we were open year round, we would sell more beer than at Yankee Stadium in a season."
The bar closed in 2021. New owners in 2023 opened the space under the renamed title "The Barnyard" This is not affiliated with the official Boardy Barn. In 2024 the official Boardy Barn moved to the West Village in New York City at Houston Hall, 222 West Houston.
# Lyle, Lyle, Crocodile

Lyle, Lyle, Crocodile is a children's book written by Bernard Waber first published in 1965.$^{:2}$ It is the sequel to The House on East 88th Street, published in 1962.
The book is the second in the Lyle the Crocodile series, which follows the life of Lyle, a city-dwelling crocodile who lives in a Victorian brownstone with the Primms family.

## Plotline

The story begins with Lyle and Mrs. Primm going shopping and running into their neighbor, Mr. Grumps. The grouchy Mr. Grumps finds Lyle a nuisance because Lyle scares his cat, Loretta, and Mr. Grumps has him thrown in the zoo. When Lyle is freed by his old performing partner Mr. Valenti, they go back to the house on 88th Street, where they find Mr. Grumps' house on fire. Lyle rescues Mr. Grumps and Loretta, is declared a hero, and thus is allowed to stay with the Primms, and is warmly accepted by Mr. Grumps and Loretta.

## Adaptations

An animated musical adaptation of Lyle, Lyle, Crocodile aired on HBO on November 18, 1987. The special is also a part of the HBO Storybook Musicals lineup.
A live-action/animated feature film adaptation was released on October 7, 2022, by Sony Pictures and is directed by Will Speck and Josh Gordon. Like the animated special, it is a musical, with original songs written for this film by the songwriting team of Pasek and Paul, who also served as executive producers. Canadian singer Shawn Mendes voices Lyle who cannot talk but can sing.
# Past and Present

Past and Present may refer to:
* Past and Present (book), by Thomas Carlyle, 1843
* Past & Present (journal), a British academic journal
* Past and Present (paintings), series of three paintings by Augustus Egg, 1858
* Past and Present (film), a 1972 Portuguese film
* "Past and Present" (Stargate SG-1), an episode of the TV series
* "Past and Present", an episode of TV series Dark
* Past & Present, a 2010 album by the Carter Family III
# Thomas Clark (Upper Canada)

Thomas Clark (Unknown – October 6, 1835) was a businessman and political figure in Upper Canada.
He was born in Scotland and came to Upper Canada in 1791 to seek employment with his cousin, Robert Hamilton. In 1796, he opened a store in Queenston. He then formed a partnership with Samuel Street to transport goods around Niagara Falls. He owned docks and storage facilities at Queenston, Chippawa and Fort Erie. In 1800, when Street left the partnership, he formed a new partnership with Robert Nichol transporting and trading in goods which lasted until 1803. In the same year, he was appointed justice of the peace. Around 1808, he set up several large flour milling complexes with Samuel Street. Besides his partnership with Street, Clark also had an agreement with John Jacob Astor and others for the shipping and sale of flour.
During the War of 1812, he served with distinction as lieutenant-colonel in the Lincoln Militia. After the war, he served on the commission which settled claims for war losses; he was also involved in erecting a monument on Queenston Heights to Major-General Isaac Brock. Some of his businesses were destroyed by the Americans during the war.
In 1815, he became a member of the Legislative Council of Upper Canada. Clark initially supported Robert Gourlay, especially since he was interested in having the restrictions regarding sale of lands to Americans lifted; however, when Gourlay fell into disfavour with the administration, Clark was quick to voice his disapproval of Gourlay. As a land speculator, he also favoured a revision of the policy regarding taxes on uncultivated lands. In 1821, he was selected to a commission to establish a new agreement for sharing revenues with Lower Canada. He also served on commissions charged with improving navigation within the province.
He died at Niagara Falls in 1835.
Clark's former home, Oak Hall, is now the headquarters for the Niagara Parks Commission.
# Norway at the 2019 Summer Universiade

Norway competed at the 2019 Summer Universiade in Naples, Italy held from 3 to 14 July 2019. The country won one silver medal and one bronze medal.

## Medal summary
### Medal by sports

Medals by sport :
| Athletics | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Taekwondo | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |

### Medalists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date |
| Silver | Victor Asp | Taekwondo | Men's –74 kg | July 11 |
| Bronze | Amalie Iuel | Athletics | Women's 400 metres hurdles | July 10 |
# Out of Touch (disambiguation)

"Out of Touch" is a song by Hall & Oates, from the album Big Bam Boom.
Out of Touch may also refer to:
* Out of touch (phrase) or "square"
* "Out of Touch" (Dove Cameron song)
* "Out of Touch", by The Grass Roots, from the album Let's Live for Today
* "Out of Touch", by Lucinda Williams, from the album Essence
* "Out of Touch", by Squeeze, from the album Sweets from a Stranger
# Oliver Bengough

Oliver (Olly) Bengough (born February 1975) is a British entrepreneur and media mogul. He is best known for his transformation of the KOKO music venue in London, and as the founder of the broadcasting channel Cinémoi.

## Career

Bengough opened his first bar “Lunasa” in 2000 at the age of 23 A year later, in 2001, Bengough founded the Mint Group, under which he would go on to launch 5 other venues across London.
In 2003, Bengough collaborated with Groove Armada to expand the Lovebox Music Festival from a small monthly club night, to a festival handling over 50,000 people per weekend.

### The House of KOKO

In 2022, Bengough opened The House of KOKO, following a three-year, £70-million overhaul of KOKO's backstage area.
The House of KOKO named by Tatler magazine 'London’s most thrilling new members’ club, is a private members club in Camden Town, London.

### KOKO

In 2004, Bengough was introduced to a former theatre named Camden Palace that was at the time run down. Bengough embarked on a multimillion-pound restoration process of the venue, which took more than six months to complete. The restoration process included all new technical facilities, enabling the scope of operations to be broadened to include live concert performances, club nights, corporate events and television production. Reopened under the new name of KOKO, the club has hosted a number of high-profile events since and is a popular venue in London. The venue was closed in March 2019 for a major refurbishment. It was due to reopen in spring 2020, but a fire in January of that year caused damage to the roof of the building, pushing back plans to reopen it.

### Cinémoi

In 2009, Bengough founded Cinémoi, a global television network focusing on film, fashion and international style. Cinémoi launched in North American version on DirecTV in 2012; broadcasting to over 20 million households.
# Coproporphyrinogens

Coproporphyrinogens are tetrapyrroles with four propionic acid groups and an equal number of substituted methyls.
Coproporphyrinogen III is the most common variance. In the metabolism of porphyrin, it is formed from uroporphyrinogen III by the enzyme uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase, and it is converted into protoporphyrinogen IX by coproporphyrinogen III oxidase.
# Bimber

Bimber may refer to:
* Bimber (moonshine), a class of Polish alcoholic beverages
* Bimber, New South Wales, a locality in Finch County, Australia
* Bruce Bimber, social scientist who introduced the idea of accelerated pluralism
* Oliver Bimber, German computer scientist
# Lyuban (town), Leningrad Oblast

Lyuban (Russian: Любань, IPA:) is a town in Tosnensky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Tigoda River 85 kilometers (53 mi) southeast of St. Petersburg. Population: 4,188 (2010 Census); 4,616 (2002 Census); 5,078 (1989 Soviet census). The median age is 40.9 and the population of Lyuban is 53.5% female.

## History

It was first mentioned in the 15th century as a trade settlement. In 1851, a railway station was built and the development of the settlement of Lyuban-Gorka (Любань-Горка), serving the railway station started. On June 3, 1917, Lyuban-Gorka was granted town status and renamed Lyuban. Lyuban was a part of Novgorodsky Uyezd of Novgorod Governorate.
On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Lyubansky District, with the administrative center in Lyuban, was established. The governorates were also abolished and the district became a part of Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. On August 15, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On August 19, 1930, Lyubansky District was abolished and Lyuban became a part of the newly established Tosnensky District. Between September 1941 and January 1944, during World War II, Lyuban was occupied by German troops.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with 25rural localities, incorporated within Tosnensky District as Lyubanskoye Settlement Municipal Formation. As a municipal division, Lyubanskoye Settlement Municipal Formation is incorporated within Tosnensky Municipal District as Lyubanskoye Urban Settlement.

## Economy
### Industry

The main industrial enterprise is a lumber plant.

### Transportation

The Saint Petersburg – Moscow Railway and the M10 Highway, connecting Moscow and St. Petersburg, run through the town. Lyuban is also connected by roads with Luga and with Kirovsk via Mga.

## Culture and recreation

Lyuban contains two cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally eight objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federal monuments are the tombs of Pavel Melnikov and Alexey Bolotov, engineers coordinating the construction of the railway. The tomb of painter Andrei Ryabushkin at the same cemetery is protected as a cultural monument of local significance.
# Pheidole pilifera

Pheidole pilifera is a species of ant and a higher myrmicine in the family Formicidae.

## Subspecies

These four subspecies belong to the species Pheidole pilifera:
* Pheidole pilifera artemisia Cole, 1933$^{icg}$
* Pheidole pilifera coloradensis Emery, 1895$^{icg}$
* Pheidole pilifera pacifica Wheeler, 1915$^{icg}$
* Pheidole pilifera pilifera (Roger, 1863)$^{icg}$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Thomas Morin Reserve

The Thomas Morin Reserve is an Indian reserve of the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation in Saskatchewan. It is within the city of Flin Flon.