OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mantra Films

Mantra Films Inc., or Mantra Entertainment, was an American independent softcore pornography production company created by Joe Francis, chiefly for the production and distribution of the United States–based Girls Gone Wild and Guys Gone Wild media franchises.

## History and organization

The company was previously known as Fall Line Entertainment. In addition to Girls Gone Wild, the company also produced the Banned from Television series in 1998, featuring raw, uncensored and graphic scenes of violence caught on camera. The company also produces "Uncensored" versions of reality dating shows such as Blind Date and The Fifth Wheel, which feature extensive (mostly female) nudity and sexual content that cannot be shown on mainstream television.
The company is based on a business model of getting young women to bare their breasts on camera in exchange for a t-shirt, then selling the resulting videos directly to the consumer. In the early days of his company, Francis obtained this footage third-party, and some cameramen who sold Francis footage did not obtain releases from those being filmed. This resulted in lawsuits, one of which was settled for $10,000. Today the videos, which sell for as little as $9.99 apiece, contribute to a total sales figure of $40 million a year for Mantra Films, Inc.

## Legal issues

In January 2001, Francis was found liable by a Los Angeles jury for misappropriating the idea for Banned from Television, a series of extreme videotapes that preceded Girls Gone Wild and were distributed by Mantra. The jury awarded producer Les Haber a total of $3.5 million on his claims against Francis.
A 2003 complaint against Mantra Films, Inc. resulted in a $1.1 million payout by the company. The complaint stemmed from Mantra's practice of enrolling customers in continuity programs without their consent. The penalty was partially to redress the customers who were harmed and also a civil penalty.
On September 12, 2006, Francis entered a plea agreement in a Florida court for failing to properly document the ages of models depicted in certain episodes, and for failing to label the DVDs with information regarding where such records are kept, as required by federal law. Following prosecution by the Obscenity Prosecution Task Force and the United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida, Francis agreed to pay $2.1 million in fines. The law in question is designed to protect minors from sexual exploitation.
In 2009 Mantra Films was reported to be delinquent in paying over $651,000 to the California Franchise Tax Board.
# Elizabeth Kerr Coulson

Elizabeth Kerr Coulson (c. 1819 – 23 January 1876) was an English novelist who published under the pseudonym Roxburghe Lothian. Her two-volume work of historical fiction, Dante and Beatrice from 1282 to 1290: A Romance, was published only three weeks before her death. Her fictionalized autobiography Lizzie Lothian appeared posthumously.
She died at Bellaport Old Hall, near the village of Norton in Hales in Shropshire.

## Dante and Beatrice

Her two-volume work of historical fiction, Dante and Beatrice from 1282 to 1290: A Romance (based on the lives of Dante Alighieri and Beatrice Portinari), was published only three weeks before her death. Reviews were mixed; The Edinburgh Review noted that the author, assumed to be a man, showed "keen appreciation of the social aspects of Florentine life at this period, with its vivid contrasts of light and shade." Lothian's "gifts of deep feeling and sympathetic fancy" combined with "careful antiquarian study" were praised, though it was admitted that the characters are "somewhat fantastical."
The British Quarterly Review likewise acknowledged the book's antiquarian value as a "handbook" of the period's "manners, customs, literature, laws, religion, architecture." The biographical facts pertaining to Dante and Beatrice's lives, however, are handled with fictional licence, sometimes to the point of contradiction. The author is praised for "his" learning, productive effort, and descriptive powers, but the anonymous reviewer concludes that "dramatic imagination is altogether wanting" and "the book is a museum rather than a stage."

## Sources

* Susan Brown, Patricia Clements, Isobel Grundy. "Women's Writing in the British Isles from the Beginnings to the Present".The Orlando Project.
# Tuya Lake

Tuya Lake, located in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, presumably derives its name from the presence of nearby steep-sided, flat-topped volcanoes, known as tuyas. The lake is situated just south of Tuya Butte at a latitude of about 59 degrees North and a longitude of about 131 degrees West.

## Fish species

The fish species that are native to Tuya Lake include Arctic grayling (Thymalus arcticus), bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), longnose sucker (Catostomus catostomus), burbot (Lota lota), prickly sculpin (Cottus asper), and slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus). While it is not a native species, sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) can also be found in Tuya Lake.

### Impact of the Pacific Salmon Treaty

The Pacific Salmon Treaty was created in 1985 and it is an agreement between the United States and Canada aimed at conserving salmon populations and maintaining equity in the area of salmon fishing. As a part of this treaty, the amount of sockeye salmon was increased by 100,000 in the Stikine Water Shed, which Tuya Lake is a part of.

## Surrounding areas

Much of the area surrounding Tuya Lake consists of undeveloped wilderness. The human activity around Tuya Lake is limited mainly to hunting and other outdoor activities. Common animals that attract hunters include caribou, grizzly bear, moose, mountain goat, black bear, wolf, and wolverine. The types of waterfowl in the area include northern pintail, lesser scaup, and red-throated loon.

### Landforms and vegetation

The Tuya Lake region is in close proximity to many mountains, plateaus, tuyas, and valleys. In lowland areas, wetlands are common. Forests of white spruce, willow, birch, and fir are present.

## Tributaries

Tuya Lake empties into Tuya River which flows in a South or Southwest direction until it enters the Stikine River. It is fed by numerous tributaries, most notably Butte Creek, as well as several others that are not named.
# California Cured Fruit Association

The California Cured Fruit Association was formed by plum growers in the Santa Clara Valley, the country's largest center of production, in 1900 to handle distribution of the dried fruit. There were well over three thousand members, which included farmers in other parts of the state.
The driving force in the association was its President Hiram Bond who with his brother Elmer Monroe Bond, a New York produce dealer, owned a plum nursery, vineyard and winery in Santa Clara, California.
There were wide swings in the price of prunes depending on time from the harvest. In 1901, the Association built a large dried fruit warehouse near Santa Clara's railroad station. The Cured Fruit Association disbanded in 1903. That year there was an unusually successful plum crop too large to be processed or stored in the association's warehouses. Farmers who were faced with rotting fruit sold outside of their agreement at less than the association approved price. A group of dissident members managed to obtain a majority and had the organization disbanded.
In 1916, Rosenberg Brothers took over the warehouse for its dried prune and apricot operation. Many of the farmers involved were later active in the California Prune Board which in 2000 became the California Dried Plum Board. In 2019 a decision reverted the name of the organization.
# Allan L. Edmunds

Allan L. Edmunds (born 1949, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American artist.

## Biography

Edmunds attended the Tyler School of Art and Architecture, receiving a master's degree in Fine Art. In 1972 Edmunds founded the Brandywine Graphic Workshop (now the Brandywine Workshop and Archives (BWA)) in Philadelphia.
His work is included in the collections of the National Gallery of Art, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, and the Woodmere Art Museum.
Edmunds' work was included in the 2015 exhibition We Speak: Black Artists in Philadelphia, 1920s-1970s at the Woodmere Art Museum.
# Pourquoi L'Amérique

Pourquoi L'Amérique (translation: Why America) is a soundtrack album by American jazz saxophonist Eddie Harris recorded in 1968 for the documentary of the same name on American history from 1917 to 1939 by French film director Frédéric Rossif and released on the French AZ label.

## Track listing

All compositions by Eddie Harris except as indicated
* "Pourquoi L'Amérique" – 3:30
* "La Terre" – 5:00
* "Odeur de la Poudre" – 3:45
* "Musique pour un Massacre" – 4:04
* "Mort d'un Ennemi Public" – 2:40
* "Pourquoi L'Amérique (Deuxième Version)" – 1:51
* "New Deal" – 3:39
* "Prelude to Pearl Harbor" – 1:50
* "Civilisation de Consommation" – 2:00
* "Grèves Sauvages" – 1:40
* "Parfois la Guerre" – 1:55
* "Raisins de la Colère" – 3:30
* Pourquoi L'Amérique (Troisième Version)" – 3:15

## Personnel

* Eddie Harris – tenor saxophone, varitone
* Jodie Christian – piano
* Melvin Jackson – bass
* Billy Hart – drums
# Piano Concerto (Tan Dun)

Piano Concerto "The Fire" is the first piano concerto by the Chinese composer Tan Dun. It was commissioned by the New York Philharmonic under the direction of Lorin Maazel. Its premiere was given on 9 April 2008, by the Chinese pianist Lang Lang and the New York Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Leonard Slatkin in Avery Fisher Hall, New York City. It has an approximate duration of 30 minutes. and is written in three movements:
* Lento
* Adagio melancholia
* Allegretto
The score is published by G. Schirmer. It is scored for two flutes, piccolo, two oboes, two clarinets, two bassoons, four horns, three trumpets, three trombone, one tuba, timpani, four percussion, harp, and strings.
It was described by Lang Lang as "very melodic, very rhythmic, and very dramatic." It requires that the pianist uses its fingers, palms, fists, and forearms to play the piece, therefore the pianist was described as a "martial artist of the keyboard".
It was well received by critics and described as a "mishmash of genres".
# Cannarozzi

Cannarozzi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Antonella Cannarozzi, Italian costume designer
* Pete Cannarozzi, keyboardist on Splendido Hotel, It's Alright (I See Rainbows), In Your Eyes, New Jersey Devils' organist
* Ted Cannarozzi, program directory for WRBQ-FM
# Elizabeth Killigrew

Elizabeth Killigrew may refer to:
* Elizabeth Trewinnard, Elizabeth Trewinnard, Lady Killigrew (before 1525 – after 1582)
* Elizabeth Killigrew, Viscountess Shannon, wife of Francis Boyle, 1st Viscount Shannon and mistress of Charles II of England
# Pel's pouched bat

Pel's pouched bat (Saccolaimus peli) is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae. It is found in Angola, Cameroon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are subtropical and tropical forests.

## Sources

* ↑ Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Hutson, A.M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Saccolaimus peli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T19801A22004557. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T19801A22004557.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
* This Emballonuridae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# 2008 NAWIRA Women's Rugby Championship

The 2008 NAWIRA Women's Rugby Championship was hosted by Guyana from the 5th to the 10th of April at Georgetown. Trinidad and Tobago reclaimed the Caribbean title.

## Table

| Pos | Team | P | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| 1 | Trinidad and Tobago | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 96 | 15 | 81 | 8 |
| 2 | Guyana | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 59 | 15 | 44 | 8 |
| 3 | Jamaica | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 32 | 0 | 5 |
| 4 | Cayman Islands | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 7 | 132 | -125 | 3 |
# California Cup Classic

The California Cup Classic is an American thoroughbred horse race run annually at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California during its Oak Tree Racing Association meet in the fall of the year. It is raced over a distance of 1+1⁄8 miles (1.8 km) on dirt and is open to horses three-year-olds and up bred in the state of California. As of 2015, it offers a purse of $250,000 and a trophy.
The California Cup Classic is part of the "California Cup Day" series of races intended to call attention to, and to honor, the California Thoroughbred racing and breeding industry.

## Past winners

* 2014 California Chrome
* 2013 Tiz a Mischief
* 2012 - Lucky Primo (Tyler Baze)
* 2011 - Norvsky (Rafael Bejarano)
* 2010 - Soul Candy (Rafael Bejarano)
* 2009 - Bold Chieftain (Russell Baze)
* 2008 - Mr. Chairman (Michael Baze)
* 2007 - Bold Chieftain (Russell Baze)
* 2006 - Texcess
* 2005 - McCann's Mojave
* 2004 - Cozy Guy
* 2003 - Tizbud
* 2002 - Calkins Road
* 2001 - Irisheyesareflying
* 2000 - Sky Jack
* 1999 - Bagshot
* 1998 - BudroyaleStraub-Rubens
* 1997 - Awesome Daze
* 1996 - Megan's Interco
* 1995 - Luthier Fever
* 1994 - College Town
* 1993 - Best Pal
* 1992 - June's Reward
* 1991 - Charmonnier
* 1990 - My Sonny Boy
# Allan L. McCutcheon

Allan Lee McCutcheon (March 15, 1950 – May 3, 2016) was an American sociologist and statistician. He is best known for his work in survey research and methods, as well as for his contributions to categorical data analysis, especially to latent class analysis.

## Biography

McCutcheon studied sociology as an undergraduate at the Iowa State University, graduating in 1972, and continued his studies at the University of Chicago, earning an M.A. in 1977 and a Ph.D. in 1982. He taught at the University of Delaware from 1982 to 1996, first as an assistant professor, and since 1988 as an associate professor. He was a professor at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln from 1996 to 2015, first until 2005 at the Department of Sociology, and since 2003 at the Department of Statistics, as well as the Donald O. Clifton Chair of Survey Science. At UNL he founded graduate programs in survey research, as well as the Gallup Research Center, which he directed until 2004. Until his retirement in 2015 he also served as senior scientist at the Gallup Organization.

## Latent Class Analysis

McCutcheon's textbook Latent Class Analysis (Sage, 1987, ISBN 9780803927520) became the standard introductory text on the topic. He also co-edited with Jacques A. Hagenaars a highly cited volume Applied Latent Class Analysis (Cambridge University Press, 2002, ISBN 9780511065941).

## Exit polls

Since 2003, McCutcheon served in senior roles in exit-poll research at Edison Research, which supplied exit-poll data for the National Election Pool, a collaboration of networks including ABC, Associated Press, CBS, CNN, Fox News, and NBC.

## Works

* Kaminska, Olena, Allan L. McCutcheon, and Jaak Billiet. "Satisficing among reluctant respondents in a cross-national context." Public Opinion Quarterly 74.5 (2010): 956–984.
* Clarke, Harold D., and Allan L. McCutcheon. "The dynamics of party identification reconsidered." Public Opinion Quarterly (2009): nfp051.
* Hagenaars, Jacques A., and Allan L. McCutcheon, eds. Applied latent class analysis. Cambridge University Press, 2002. ISBN 9780511065941
* McCutcheon, Allan, and Colin Mills. "Categorical data analysis: log-linear and latent class models." Research Strategies in the Social Sciences: A Guide to New Approaches. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1998): 71–94.
* McCutcheon, Allan L. "A latent class analysis of tolerance for nonconformity in the American public." Public Opinion Quarterly 49.4 (1985): 474–488.
# Piano Concerto (Weir)

The Piano Concerto is a concerto for piano and string orchestra by the British composer Judith Weir. The work was commissioned by Anthony and Mary Henfrey in celebration of their 25th wedding anniversary. It was written for the pianist William Howard, who first performed the work with the BT Scottish Ensemble at the Spitalfields Festival in London on 12 June 1997.

## Composition

In the score program notes, Weir described the soft nature of the Piano Concerto, writing, "Ever since the modern piano was born, the composition of piano concertos has been on an inflationary spiral, and it is now a musical form associated with the crashingly loud side of music; which is not the kind of music I generally like to write." She continued:
   But knowing of William's performances of such smale [sic] scale concertos as the Mozart K 449 with as few as five strings in the accompanying orchestra, I was inspired to write him a contemporary piece which similarly lives in the space between chamber music and bravura-filled spectacle. The first performance (given at the 1997 Spitalfields Festival in London) was performed with an orchestra of nine solo strings, led from the keyboard. Subsequent performances have sometimes involved much larger string orchestras, often directed by a conductor. But this doesn’t seem to have altered the essentially intimate character of the music.

### Structure

The concerto has a duration of roughly 15 minutes in performance and is cast in three movements:
* I
* II: "The Sweet Primeroses"
* III

## Reception

The Piano Concerto is one of Weir's most celebrated works. Tom Service of The Guardian called it a "pocket-sized compression of a big classical form into just 15 minutes, scored for piano and string ensemble," adding, "Weir somehow manages to create music that sounds completely new from the utterly familiar elements of a held chord in the strings and a melody high up in the piano." Reviewing a recording of the concerto, the music critic Anthony Tommasini of The New York Times similarly remarked, "Ms. Weir's 1997 Piano Concerto, while paying homage to the delicacy of Mozart's smaller-scaled concertos, shows her in her most audacious mode from the start: wispy lyrical lines in the piano are cushioned by pungent chamber orchestra chords, until the piano turns agitated and a rhythmic bout breaks out among all the players." Arnold Whittall of Gramophone described it as "another exercise in puncturing pretension, making strong points about how both lyrical and brittle textures can interact with folk-like idioms in ways where nothing seems diluted or bland."
# Manuel of Castile

Manuel of Castile (1234 – 25 December 1283, The first Lord of Villena and Peñafiel, Cuéllar, and Escalona, was an Infante, son of Ferdinand III of Castile and his wife Elisabeth of Hohenstaufen.

## Life

Born in Carrión de los Condes, the name Manuel was given to him to commemorate his maternal grandmother's roots in Imperial Byzantium. He was granted the Seigneury of Villena in 1252, created for him to govern that lordship as "apanage" (a medieval micro-state that would return to the central crown if the minor lineage ends with no successor). This lordship would grow by receiving the cities around the Vinalopó River (Elda valley, Aspe, Crevillente, Elche). He also received the Adelantamiento of the Kingdom of Murcia.
Manuel travelled to Italy in 1259 as part of the embassy sent by his father to Pope Alexander IV. Later, when his brother became king Alfonso X the Wise, served him as Alférez and Majordomo of the king.
He died at Peñafiel in 1283 and was buried in the Monastery of Uclés. His son Juan Manuel, who succeeded him in Villena and Peñafiel among the others, and became prince of Villena, was a notable medieval writer.
Manuel of Castile, as son of Ferdinand III of Castile, belonged to the royal House of Burgundy of Castile and León, but he was also the first of a new family branch, the House of Manuel of Villena.

## Family

He married twice. His first wife, whom he married in 1260 in Soria was Constance of Aragon, daughter of James I of Aragon. Two children were born of this marriage:
* Alfonso Manuel (1260/1261–Montpellier, 1276), without issue.
* Violante Manuel (1265–Lisbon, 1314), lady of Elche and Medellín. Married circa 1287 to Afonso of Portugal, son of Afonso III of Portugal.
His second marriage after Constança's death was in 1274/1275 to Beatrice of Savoy, daughter of Amadeus IV of Savoy. One child was born of this marriage:
* Juan Manuel (1282–1348), Prince of Villena, Duke of Penafiel and Lord of Escalona.
Children from other women include:
* Sancho Manuel (1283-after 1345), Lord of Infantado and Carrion. First married María Rodríguez de Castañeda, and then Inés Díaz de Toledo. With issues from both marriages.
* Enrique Manuel (born circa 1272)
* Blanca Manuel (born circa 1273)

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Manuel of Castile :
# Elizabeth Shepherd

Elizabeth Shepherd (born 12 August 1936) is an English character actress whose long career has encompassed the stage and both the big and small screens. Her television work has been especially prolific. Shepherd's surname has been variously rendered as "Shephard" and "Sheppard".

## Career

Shepherd began acting in television series in 1959. In 1960, she appeared in an adaptation of A. J. Cronin's novel, The Citadel. She was the original choice to play Emma Peel in the 1960s television series The Avengers. However, after filming nearly two episodes, Shepherd left the production and was replaced by Diana Rigg.
In 1970, she appeared on Broadway in Barry England's Conduct Unbecoming, a story of the British Army in Kipling's India, as Mrs Hasseltine. She was praised for her performance in Time magazine. Shepherd was pictured in Time along with her co-stars, the pop singers Jeremy Clyde and Paul Jones, who began their roles as British subalterns in London during 1969.
In film she appeared as both Lady Rowena and Ligeia in Roger Corman's The Tomb of Ligeia (1964), as well as in Damien - Omen II as the ill-fated reporter Joan Hart, The Kidnapping of the President, Deadly Companion and Amelia.
Her TV work includes the cult series The Corridor People (1966), the 1978 miniseries The Bastard, and The Cleopatras, a BBC historical drama.
Elizabeth Shepherd has acted in numerous stage plays in both Shakespearean and contemporary dramas. As well as teaching drama at the Stella Adler school, she starred in "December Fools" in 2006 at the Abingdon Theater in New York. In 2014, she starred in a Canadian production of Driving Miss Daisy.
An article in the Toronto Star reported an incident of Shepherd being a victim of identity theft and mortgage fraud in 2006.
In 2019, she released an audiobook of Edgar Allan Poe's Ligeia along with other Poe tales. The CD has been met with critical acclaim.

## Filmography

* The Queen's Guards (1961) - Susan
* What Every Woman Wants (1962) - Sue Goodwin
* Blind Corner (1964) - Joan Marshall
* The Tomb of Ligeia (1964) - The Lady Rowena Trevanion / The Lady Ligeia
* Hell Boats (1970) - Alison
* The Duchess of Duke Street (1976) - Series 1, episode 7 - Diana Strickland
* Damien - Omen II (1978) - Joan Hart
* Deadly Companion (1980) - Frances
* The Kidnapping of the President (1980) - Joan Scott
* Love (1982) - Mrs Wiseman (segment "Julia")
* Invitation to the Wedding (1985) - Lady Caroline
* Head Office (1985) - Mrs Issel
* Criminal Law (1988) - Dr Sybil Thiel
* Mustard Bath (1993) - Matthew's mother
* Time to Say Goodbye? (1997) - Teresa Rodriguez
* The White Raven (1998) - Hannah Rothschild
* The Spreading Ground (2000) - Mayor Hackett
* Desire (2000) - Mrs Waterson
* Amelia (2009) - Frances Putnam