OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pnina Herzog

Pnina Herzog (1925/1926 - January 21, 2005) was an Israeli pharmacist and public health official.

## Biography

She was the daughter of Zalman and Frieda Shachor, who had been both living in Palestine in the 1940s. In 1946, she graduated from school and began studying pharmacy in Manchester. Later, she would also study at universities in Ottawa and Washington, D.C. She acquired a Ph.D.
On February 14, 1952, she married Yaakov Herzog with whom she had been acquainted since childhood. Rabbi Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog, his father, conducted the ceremony. Yaakov Herzog was a diplomat and ambassador of Israel in Canada between 1960 and 1963. The couple hat three children: Shira (born 1953), Eliezra (1955) and Yitzhak (1967). Her husband died in 1972. Chaim Herzog, from 1983 to 1993 President of Israel, was Pnina Herzog's brother-in-law; the politician Isaac Herzog is a nephew.
From 1964 onwards, Pnina Herzog found occupation in the Israeli public health branch; first as a pharmacist in charge of registration of new drugs. She was deputy head and later acting head of the department of clinical pharmacology between 1972 and 1984, and was also in the advisory committee for the approval of clinical trials. That position also saw her as a member to the advisory group to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1983 and 1984 regarding the international collaborating scheme on adverse drug reactions. In the WHO, she was member of the executive board from 1993 to 1996, where she became vice chairperson in 1994. She represented the executive board on the 49th WHO assembly in 1996.
She was also a women's activist and served between 1988 and 1994 as vice president in the International Council of Women (ICW). After a break due to her work for the WHO, she then served for two terms as president of the ICW between 1997 and 2003.
Her professed hobbies were painting and the piano.
# Bombontiangou

Bombontiangou is a town in the Coalla Department of Gnagna Province in eastern Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 1,276.

## Geography

Bombontiangou – which is an agropastoral locality dispersed into several residential centers located on the right bank of the Faga River – is located approximately 15 km northwest of Coalla.

## Health and education

The nearest health center in Bombontiangou is the Bonsiega Health and Social Promotion Center (HSPC).
# Bognor Reef

Bognor Reef is a 39.7-hectare (98-acre) biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest which stretches along the foreshore of Bognor Regis in West Sussex. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.
This is an area of beach, sand dunes, grassland, scrub and marsh. Flora include the nationally endangered childing pink. It is one of the few areas which has the full sequence of layers in the London Clay, dating to the Early Eocene. It is particularly valuable for plant fossils. It is described by Natural England as the most important site in the world for pyritised fossil insects, especially beetles.
# Podali Shankar Rajeshwar

Lieutenant General Podali Shankar Rajeshwar PVSM, AVSM, VSM, ADC is a former General officer in the Indian Army. He last served as the 14th Commander-in-Chief, Andaman and Nicobar Command, from December 2019 to May 2020. He took office on 1 December 2019 when Vice Admiral Bimal Verma retired. He superannuated on 31 May 2020, handing over command to Lieutenant General Manoj Pande. Earlier, he had served as the 12th Chief of Integrated Defence Staff, from November 2018 to November 2019.

## Early life and education

Rajeshwar is an alumnus of Indian Military Academy, Dehradun and National Defence College, Delhi. He also holds a master's degree in national security administration from National Defense College, Philippines.

## Career

Rajeshwar was commissioned into the Indian army's Regiment of Artillery in December 1980. He has various operational experiences in high altitude areas, counter-insurgency areas in the North East, and counter-terrorist operations in Jammu and Kashmir. He has held commands of an artillery regiment during Operation Parakram, an infantry brigade at line of control, General-Officer-Commanding XII Corps, Director General of Perspective Planning at the Integrated Headquarters and GOC of Romeo Force in Jammu and Kashmir. He has also served in various United Nations Peacekeeping operations to Rwanda and Mozambique.
Rajeshwar served as 12th Chief of Integrated Defence Staff to the Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee (CISC) of the Indian Armed Forces. He assumed the office on 1 November 2018 when Lieutenant General Satish Dua retired, and served in the same capacity till 30 November 2019 when Vice Admiral R. Hari Kumar took over.

## Honours and decorations

During 38 years of his career, he has been awarded Param Vishisht Seva Medal in January (2020), Ati Vishisht Seva Medal in January 2018 and Vishisht Seva Medal in January 2016 for his service.
| Param Vishisht Seva Medal | Param Vishisht Seva Medal | Ati Vishisht Seva Medal | Ati Vishisht Seva Medal |
| Vishisht Seva Medal | Samanya Seva Medal | Samanya Seva Medal | Special Service Medal |
| Siachen Glacier Medal | Operation Vijay Medal | Operation Parakram Medal | Sainya Seva Medal |
| High Altitude Service Medal | Videsh Seva Medal | 50th Anniversary of Independence Medal | 30 Years Long Service Medal |
| 20 Years Long Service Medal | 9 Years Long Service Medal | ONUMOZ | UNAMIR |

## Dates of rank

| Rank | Component | Date of rank |
| Second Lieutenant | Indian Army | 13 December 1980 |
| Lieutenant | Indian Army | 13 December 1982 |
| Captain | Indian Army | 13 December 1985 |
| Major | Indian Army | 13 December 1991 |
| Lieutenant-Colonel | Indian Army | 31 December 2002 |
| Colonel | Indian Army | 1 February 2005 |
| Brigadier | Indian Army | 12 December 2008 (acting) 1 February 2009 (substantive; seniority from 31 January 2008) |
| Major General | Indian Army | 31 January 2013 (seniority from 11 April 2011) |
| Lieutenant-General | Indian Army | 1 April 2016 (substantive) |
# Podalia albescens

Podalia albescens is a moth of the family Megalopygidae. It was described by William Schaus in 1900. It is found in Brazil.
The wingspan is about 48 mm. The body is white with transverse dark grey lines. The forewings are white with some dark grey spots at the base and an inner transverse row of smoky black spots extending on the costa as far as the end of the cell. There is a narrow grey outer band, partly obsolete and broken by the veins, as well as a subterminal row of large grey spots, partly filled in with white. There is also a terminal row of dark grey spots. The hindwings are white with a terminal row of small grey spots.
# Bone sarcoma

A bone sarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumour, a type of sarcoma that starts in the bones. This is in contrast to most bone cancers that are secondary having developed as a metastasis from another cancer. Bone sarcomas are rare, and mostly affect the legs. The other type of sarcoma is a soft-tissue sarcoma.
There are three main types of bone sarcoma based on tissue type – an osteosarcoma, a Ewing's sarcoma, and a chondrosarcoma.

## Main types

The three main types of bone sarcoma are an osteosarcoma, most frequently found of the three; Ewing's sarcoma, and a chondrosarcoma. There are many subtypes of these.

### Osteosarcoma

An osteosarcoma is predominantly found in childhood and adolescence. They are primarily found in long bones, and may be secondary tumours. Osteosarcomas are composed of mesenchymal cells that produce immature bone. The tumour cells are unique in that they produce immature osteoid.

### Ewing's sarcoma

Ewing's sarcoma is the next most commonly found sarcoma in adolescents and young adults. Ewing's is highly aggressive, typically developing from the medullary cavity of a bone with cells invading the Haversian system. An immunohistochemistry test shows the tumour as having small rounded blue cells. The cells express high levels of CD99.

### Chondrosarcoma

A chondrosarcoma is the type of bone cancer that starts in the cartilage cells. It is the most common type found in adults. Unlike the other types it is rarely found in those under the age of twenty. Most chondrosarcomas develop in the pelvis, legs or arms. Benign counterparts are known as enchondromas. Chondrosarcomas are classified by grade as a measurement of their growth rate – I, II, and III. The lower the grade the slower the rate of growth. Grade III are the most aggressive, and are liable to spread.
Subtypes of chondrosarcomas have different features and different outlooks, they include:

#### Dedifferentiated

    Dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas can change in part to cells that are like those of an osteosarcoma for example which has a faster rate of growth.

#### Clear cell

    Clear cell chondrosarcomas are rare, slow-growing, and seldom spread.

#### Mesenchymal

    Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas can grow quickly but unlike other types may respond to radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. They have densely packed small round blue cells like those in Ewing's sarcoma. Type II collagen can help distinguish it from other tumours.
# Bomu

Bomu may refer to:
* Bomu language, a language of West Africa
** Distinct from the standard variety of the Dogon language of West Africa, known Toro so and as Bomu Tegu or just Bomu in the plains languages; see Escarpment Dogon
* The Mbomou River, also called the Bomu river, a river forming part of the Central African Republic—Democratic Republic of the Congo border
* Domaine Chasse Bomu, a nature reserve in the Democratic Republic of the Congo whose name translates as Bomu Strict Nature Reserve
* Bomu or baimu refers to the wood of several species of Cupressaceae used in China for furniture
* Botswana Music Union, the Recording Industry of Botswana's music industry awards
# Bomubogor

Prince Xiang of the First Rank, or simply Prince Xiang, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Xiang peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank vis-à-vis that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a feng'en fuguo gong except under special circumstances.
The sole bearer of the title was Bombogoor (博穆博果儿,20 January 1642 – 22 August 1656), the Hong Taiji's 11th son, who was made "Prince Xiang of the First Rank" in 1655. Bombogoor died without an heir and had not adopted any children, leaving the peerage extinct. Bombogor was honoured with the title "Prince Xiangzhao of the First Rank" (和硕襄昭亲王, "xiangzhao" meaning "helpful and luminous").

## Family of Bomubogor

* Primary Consort, of the Khorchin Borjigin clan
* 5 mistresses
# Plumbogummite

Plumbogummite is a rare secondary lead phosphate mineral, belonging to the alunite supergroup of minerals, crandallite subgroup. Some other members of this subgroup are:
* Crandallite, CaAl$_3$(PO$_4$)$_2$(OH)$_5$·H$_2$O, where calcium replaces lead
* Goyazite, SrAl$_3$(PO$_4$)$_2$(OH)$_5$·H$_2$O, where strontium replaces lead
* Philipsbornite, PbAl$_3$(AsO$_4$)$_2$(OH)$_5$·H$_2$O, where the arsenate group AsO$_4$ replaces the phosphate group PO$_4$
Plumbogummite was discovered in 1819 and named in 1832 from the Latin "plumbum" for lead, and "gummi" for gum, in allusion to its lead content and appearance, which at times resembles coatings of gum.

## Unit cell

Plumbogummite crystallizes in space group R3m. The reported lattice parameters (the lengths of the sides of the unit cell) vary in detail according to the source, but all agree that normal plumbogummite has "a" close to 7 Å and "c" close to 17 Å, with Z=3. Various reported values of "a" and "c"are:
    a = 7.01 Å, 7.017 Å, 7.018 Å, 7.033 Å
    c = 16.71Å, 16.75 Å, 16.784 Å, 16.789 Å
Mills et al. investigated a gallium-rich sample of plumbogummite from Tsumeb, Namibia, and found larger cell parameters, with a = 7.0752 Å and c = 16.818 Å.

## Structure

The basic structural units of plumbogummite are PO$_4$ tetrahedra, with phosphorus atoms (P) at the center and oxygen atoms (O) at the corners, together with AlO$_6$ octahedra, aluminium atoms (Al) at the center and oxygen atoms at the corners. The tetrahedra and octahedra combine by sharing corners, to form composite layers. Lead atoms (Pb) occupy sites between the layers.

## Environment

Plumbogummite is found in the oxidized zones of lead-bearing deposits. It commonly occurs as botryoidal, kidney shaped, stalactitic or globular crusts or masses, frequently with a concentric structure; rare crystals have a hexagonal outline. Pyromorphite and baryte are commonly associated minerals, and plumbogummite may be pseudomorphic after them. Other associated minerals include mimetite, duftite, cerussite, anglesite and wulfenite.

## Occurrence

The type locality is Huelgoat, Finistère, Brittany, France, and the type material is stored in the Natural History Museum, Paris, France.
Plumbogummite has been found in the Central Cobar Mines, New South Wales, Australia and the Nifty Copper Mine, Western Australia. Also in the Kintore open cut at Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia, but it is generally inconspicuous there and only a few specimens have been collected.
Material from the Siglio XX Mine, Llallagua, Bolivia, is an unusual pale yellow color, rather than the more common blue or green, forming crusts on quartz and cassiterite, and enclosing crude octahedral jeanbandyite crystals with orange colored shells of plumbogummite.
# Bodil Rasmussen

Bodil Rasmussen (born 12 December 1957 in Fredericia) is a Danish rower.
# Plaça de Lesseps, Barcelona

Plaça de Lesseps is a square serving as the border between the Sarrià-Sant Gervasi and Gràcia district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, loosely divided in two parts. One of the most heavily transited squares in the city, Lesseps is the starting point of one of Barcelona's busiest rondes: Ronda del General Mitre, as well as being the west end of Carrer Gran de Gràcia and being crossed by a number of streets, namely: Travessera de Dalt, Avinguda del Príncep d'Astúries, Avinguda de Vallcarca, Avinguda de la República Argentina, Carrer del Torrent de l'Olla, Carrer de la Mare de Déu del Coll, Carrer de Santa Perpètua, Carrer de Maignon and Carrer de Pérez Galdós.
A traditionally arbored spot of the city, it has seen heavy construction works for years to move the route of the aforementioned rondes, allowing the square to become a more pedestrian-friendly place while easing the heavy traffic that crosses it on a daily basis.
The square is named after Ferdinand de Lesseps, the developer of the Suez Canal. Earlier in his career, De Lesseps was the French consul in Barcelona. He is known in Barcelona for having intervened against the 1842 bombing of the city ordered by General Baldomero Espartero and Captain-General Juan Van Halen. Before 1895 the square had been known as Josepets, after the 1626 convent of Santa Maria de Gràcia, also known as Els Josepets", which remained a popular name for the square, although now outdated.

## Culture

* Jaume Fuster library, inaugurated in 2006.

## Education
### Schools

* Col·legi d'Educació Infantil i Primària Rius i Taulet
* Aula de Formació d'Adults Rius i Taulet

### Other

* Residència Universitària Lesseps

## Religion

* Parròquia de la Verge de Gràcia i Sant Josep, a Catholic church.

## Transport
### Metro

* Lesseps metro station, one of the city's oldest metro stations, served by L3. It's expected to be served by L9 in the future.

### Bus

The following bus routes reach Plaça de Lesseps:
* Line 22 Pl. Catalunya - Ctra. Esplugues
* Line 24 Av. Paral·lel - Carmel
* Line 28 Pl. Catalunya - Carmel
* Line 31 Hospital Clínic - Canyelles
* Line 32 Estació de Sants - Roquetes
* Line 74 Zona Universitària - Fabra i Puig
* Line 87 Pg. Maragall - Travessera de Gràcia
* Line 92 Pg. Marítim - Gràcia
* Line 116 Gràcia - La Salut
* Tibibus

### Night bus

* Line N4 Via Favència - Pl. Catalunya - Gran Vista
# Plaça de Francesc Macià, Barcelona

Plaça de Francesc Macià (Catalan pronunciation:) is a square in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Located in one of the main business areas of the city, it is one of the most transited points of Barcelona. It is crossed by Avinguda Diagonal and several other major thoroughfares: Avinguda de Josep Tarradellas, Travessera de Gràcia, Carrer del Comte d'Urgell and Avinguda de Pau Casals. It is part of the Sarrià-Sant Gervasi district, even though it borders two other districts of Barcelona: Les Corts and Eixample.
It is named after Francesc Macià (1859-1933), Catalan president during the Second Spanish Republic who proclaimed a short-lived Catalan Republic.
The central part of the square contains a pond modelled after the shape of Menorca, the birthplace of its architect, Nicolau Rubió i Tudurí, as well as feminine sculpture called Joventut ("youth") designed by Josep Manuel Benedicto, added in 1953.
Spanish-language newspaper La Vanguardia is based in Avinguda Diagonal 477, within square limits.

## History

The square was devised by Nicolau Rubió i Tudurí in the 1930s as part of the urban reform envisioned for Barcelona, under the specific name of Proyecto de Urbanización de la Avenida de Alfonso XIII, entre la calle Urgel, desde el Palacio Real hasta el límite del término municipal ("urbanisation project for Alfonso XIII Avenue, between Carrer d'Urgell, from Palau Reial to city government limits"). The square's name has been changed in repeated occasions over time until the transition to democracy (1975-1978). In 1979 its current name was adopted.

### Names

This is the complete list of names given to the square:
* 1932: Alcalá Zamora - former president of the Second Spanish Republic.
* 1936: Hermanos Badía - honouring brothers Josep Badia and Miquel Badia, murdered by FAI members earlier that year.
* 1939: Calvo Sotelo - right-wing monarchist politician during Primo de Rivera's dictatorship and the Second Spanish Republic, murdered in 1936, considered a "martyr of the crusade" during Francisco Franco's dictatorship.
* 1979: Francesc Macià

## Transport

The square is the terminus of Trambaix routes T1, T2 and T3.
It can also be accessed using the following bus lines: 6, 7, 14, 15, 27, 32, 33, 34, 41, 54, 59, 63, 66, 67 and 68.
A Barcelona Metro station is projected there: Francesc Macià (Barcelona Metro).
# Plaça de Sants (Barcelona Metro)

Plaça de Sants is a Barcelona Metro station, named after the nearby Plaça de Sants, in the Sants-Montjuïc district of the city of Barcelona. The station is served by lines L1 and L5.
The line L1 platforms are located below the Carrer de Sants between the Carrer d'Alcolea and the Carrer de Guadiana, and comprise two 88-metre (289 ft) long side platforms. The line L5 platforms are some 200 metres (660 ft) to the west, under the Plaça de Sants between the Carrer de Sants and the Carrer Galileu, and comprise two 94-metre (308 ft) long side platforms. The two sets of platforms are linked by an underground corridor, and there are six station accesses on the Plaça de Sants and Carrer de Sants.
Plaça de Sants metro station lies some 10 minutes walk from Barcelona's main Sants railway station, which is better served by the Sants Estació metro station on lines L3 and L5.
The L1 part of the station is on the original section of line L1 (then the Ferrocarril Metropolitano Transversal de Barcelona) between Catalunya and Bordeta stations, which was opened in 1926. The L5 part was opened in 1969, along with the original section of L5 between Collblanc and Diagonal stations.
# Council of Political and Security Affairs (Saudi Arabia)

The Council of Political and Security Affairs of Saudi Arabia is one of two subcabinets of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the other being the Council of Economic and Development Affairs. It is led by its Chairman Mohammad bin Salman. The Council is composed of the head of Intelligence and nine ministers. All members of the Council are appointed by royal decree. It was established by King Salman to replace the National Security Council in January 2015.

## History

The Council was created to support the policymaking mechanisms of the kingdom. Upon announcing the entity on 29 January 2015, nine ministers were announced as members and the council was chaired by Prince Muhammad bin Nayef. The Council's inaugural meeting was held on 11 February 2015.
The council played an important role in Operation Decisive Storm, part of the military intervention in Yemen.
On June 21, 2017, Prince Muhammad bin Nayef was relieved of all duties by King Salman, and was replaced by Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman.

## Membership

Upon announcing the entity on 29 January 2015, nine ministers were announced as members and the council was chaired by Prince Muhammad bin Nayef. The Council's current membership consists of:
Council of Political and Security Affairs :
| Mohammad bin Salman | Crown Prince and Prime Minister, President. |
| Khalid bin Salman | Minister of Defence, Member. |
| Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud | Minister of Foreign Affairs, Member. |
| Abdullah bin Bandar bin Abdulaziz Al Saud | Minister of National Guard, Member. |
| Abd al-Latif bin Abdulaziz Al-Sheikh | Minister of Islamic Affairs, Endowments, Call and Guidance, Member. |
| Musaad bin Mohammed Al Aiban | Minister of State, Member of the Council of Ministers, Member. |
| Saad bin Khalid Al Jabry | Minister of State, Member of the Council of Ministers, Member. |
| Khalid bin Ali bin Abdullah al-Humaidan | Chief of General Intelligence, Member. |
# Marju (given name)

Marju is an Estonian feminine given name, a cognate of the English language given name Mary.
As of 1 January 2023, 1,483 women in Estonia bear the first name Marju, making it the 122nd most popular female name in the country. People bearing the name Marju include:
* Marju Kõivupuu (born 1960), Estonian philologist, cultural historian, writer and folklorist
* Marju Länik (born 1957), Estonian pop singer
* Marju Lauristin (born 1940), Estonian politician
* Marju Lepajõe (1962-2019), Estonian classical philologist, translator and religious historian