OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bill Horace

Bill Horace (c. 1976 – June 21, 2020) was a Liberian fighter, a former member of the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) and alleged war criminal.
He fled to Canada in 2002 and was killed in his home in London, Ontario in 2020.

## Early life

Horace was born around 1976 in Buchanan, Liberia. At the age of 12 he fled Buchanan as the NPFL took over the area, he later joined the NPFL.

## Liberian civil war

In the early 1990s, during the First Liberian Civil War, Horace was a General in Charles Taylor's NPFL and was reported to have participated in or ordered massacres, executions, crucifixions, and the recruitment of child soldiers, primarily in Maryland County. Many of these activities were documented in Liberia's Truth and Reconciliation Commission and the Commission's final report recommended that he face justice, but the recommendations of the Commission's report were never implemented. In 1993-1994 word of Horace's activities in Maryland County eventually reached Taylor, who sent a team to remove Horace, who then fled to the Ivory Coast.

## Canada, death

Horace moved to Canada in 2002 and applied for refugee status, which was rejected in 2005, and also applied for permanent residency. Through the 2010s he was investigated by the Canadian government for war crimes, stalling his immigration proceedings. He lived in Toronto and then in London, Ontario, where he was fatally shot in his home in a planned attack on June 21, 2020.

## Investigation

In 2022, a 23-year-old suspect was charged with Horace's murder. BBC News reported on speculation that his killing was linked to activities in Liberia, but that Canadian police stated his death was presumed linked to a network of criminal fraudsters in Canada.

## Family

Horace was married and lived with his two children, who were 4 and 9 years old when he was killed.
# Papyrus 91

Papyrus 91 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering, designated as 𝔓$^{91}$), is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Acts of Apostles. The surviving texts of Acts are verses 2:30-37; 2:46-3:2. The manuscript paleographically has been assigned to the middle of the 3rd century.

## Text

The Greek text of this manuscript is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type, Comfort ascribed it as proto-Alexandrian, though the extant portion is too fragmentary for certainty. It has not been placed yet in Aland's Categories of New Testament manuscripts.

## Location

The larger portion of 𝔓$^{91}$ is housed at the Instituto di Papyrologia (P. Mil. Vofl. Inv. 1224) at the Universita Degli Studi di Milano. The smaller portion is housed at the Ancient History Documentary Research Centre at Macquarie University (Inv. 360) in Sydney.

## Textual Variants

* 2:31: omits του χρυ (of the Christ/Messiah (χρυ being a Nomina Sacra)).
* 2:32: According to the reconstruction of Philip Comfort and David Barrett, omits εσμεν (are).
* 2:33: The scribe misspells ακουετε (you hear) as ακουεται (he heard) due to ε and αι being pronounced similarly when spoken.
* 2:36: The scribe misspells Ισραηλ (Israel) as Ισστραηλ.
* 2:36: και (and) is omitted from after οτι (because/that).
* 2:36: Swaps κν αυτον και χρν (Master him and Christ/Messiah (Nomina Sacra)) to χρν [αυτον και κν] (Christ/Messiah him and Master (Nomina Sacra))
* 2:46: The scribe misspells μετελαμβανον (they were sharing) as μεταλαμβανον (they are sharing).
* 2:46: The scribe misspells αφελοτητι (simplicity) through dittography as [αφελ]οτλοτητι.
# North Galapagos Microplate

The North Galapagos Microplate is a small tectonic plate off the west coast of South America north of the Galapagos Islands.3°45′N 101°45′W﻿ / ﻿3.75°N 101.75°W﻿ / 3.75; -101.75 It is rotating counterclockwise between three much larger crustal plates around it, the Nazca, Cocos and Pacific Plates. To its south, another small microplate, the Galapagos Microplate is likewise rotating, but clockwise. Both microplates "mesh" along the interface between them.
# Nessia

Nessia is a genus of skinks, lizards in the family Scincidae. The genus is endemic to Sri Lanka. Species in the genus Nessia are commonly known as snake skinks.

## Species

The following nine species are recognized as being valid:
* Nessia bipes M.A. Smith, 1935 – two-legged nessia
* Nessia burtonii Gray, 1839 – Burton's nessia
* Nessia deraniyagalai Taylor, 1950 – Deraniyagala's nessia
* Nessia didactyla (Deraniyagala, 1934) – two-toed nessia
* Nessia gansi Batuwita & Edirisinghe, 2017
* Nessia hickanala Deraniyagala, 1940 – Hickanala nessia
* Nessia layardi (Kelaart, 1853) – Layard's nessia
* Nessia monodactyla (Gray, 1839) – one-toed nessia
* Nessia sarasinorum (F. Müller, 1889) – Müller's nessia
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Nessia.
# 2014 Tour of Flanders

The 2014 Tour of Flanders was the 98th edition of the Tour of Flanders single-day Monument classics. It was held on 6 April 2014 over a distance of 259 kilometres (160.9 miles) from Bruges to Oudenaarde. In a four-rider sprint finish, Swiss rider Fabian Cancellara won the race for a record-equalling third time – and for the second year in succession – ahead of Belgian trio Greg Van Avermaet, Sep Vanmarcke and Stijn Vandenbergh.

## Route

* First lap of the circuit (red) and transition to the second lap (green).
* Second lap of the circuit (red) and final (green)

## Teams

As the Tour of Flanders was a UCI World Tour event, all 18 UCI ProTeams were invited automatically and obligated to send a squad. Seven other squads were given wildcard places, thus completing the 25-team peloton.
The 25 teams that competed in the race were:
| Ag2r–La Mondiale Androni Giocattoli–Venezuela Astana Belkin Pro Cycling BMC Racing Team Cannondale Cofidis Team Europcar FDJ.fr Garmin–Sharp Giant–Shimano IAM Cycling Team Katusha | Lampre–Merida Lotto–Belisol Movistar Team MTN–Qhubeka NetApp–Endura Omega Pharma–Quick-Step Orica–GreenEDGE Team Sky Tinkoff–Saxo Topsport Vlaanderen–Baloise Trek Factory Racing Wanty–Groupe Gobert |

## Results

| | Cyclist | Team | Time | UCI World Tour Points |
| 1 | Fabian Cancellara (SUI) | Trek Factory Racing | 6h 15' 18" | 100 |
| 2 | Greg Van Avermaet (BEL) | BMC Racing Team | s.t. | 80 |
| 3 | Sep Vanmarcke (BEL) | Belkin Pro Cycling | s.t. | 70 |
| 4 | Stijn Vandenbergh (BEL) | Omega Pharma–Quick-Step | s.t. | 60 |
| 5 | Alexander Kristoff (NOR) | Team Katusha | + 8" | 50 |
| 6 | Niki Terpstra (NED) | Omega Pharma–Quick-Step | + 18" | 40 |
| 7 | Tom Boonen (BEL) | Omega Pharma–Quick-Step | + 35" | 30 |
| 8 | Geraint Thomas (GBR) | Team Sky | + 37" | 20 |
| 9 | Björn Leukemans (BEL) | Wanty–Groupe Gobert | + 41" | – |
| 10 | Sebastian Langeveld (NED) | Garmin–Sharp | + 43" | 4 |
# 2001 European Athletics U23 Championships – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay

The women's 4 x 100 metres relay event at the 2001 European Athletics U23 Championships was held in Amsterdam, Netherlands, at Olympisch Stadion on 15 July.

## Medalists

| Gold | Susan Burnside Helen Roscoe Sabrina Scott Abiodun Oyepitan United Kingdom |
| Silver | Yuliya Bartsevich Oksana Dragun Yelena Nevmerzhitskaya Yevgeniya Likhuta Belarus |
| Bronze | Elina Lax Heidi Hannula Johanna Manninen Katja Salivaara Finland |

## Results
### Final

15 July
| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time |
| | United Kingdom | Susan Burnside Helen Roscoe Sabrina Scott Abiodun Oyepitan | 44.31 |
| | Belarus | Yuliya Bartsevich Oksana Dragun Yelena Nevmerzhitskaya Yevgeniya Likhuta | 44.64 |
| | Finland | Elina Lax Heidi Hannula Johanna Manninen Katja Salivaara | 44.76 |
| 4 | France | Armelle Tessia-Kuyo Céline Nyanga Carima Louami Céline Thélamon | 44.80 |
| 5 | Greece | Georgia Kokloni Olga Kaidantzi Athina Kopsia Chariklia Bouda | 45.11 |
| | Germany | Tatjana Koob Sina Schielke Sandra Möller Korinna Fink | DQ |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 24 athletes from 6 countries participated in the event.
* Belarus (4)
* Finland (4)
* France (4)
* Germany (4)
* Greece (4)
* United Kingdom (4)
# Orocrambus isochytus

Orocrambus isochytus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1888. This species is endemic to New Zealand. It is found in the Nelson area as defined by the Crosby codes, the New Zealand Area Codes for recording specimen localities. It has been recorded from Mount Arthur and Mount Peel. The habitat of this species consists of alpine tussock grasslands.
The wingspan is 35–41 mm. Adults have been recorded from December to February.
# Patrick Spens

Patrick Spens may refer to:
* Patrick Spens, 1st Baron Spens (1885–1973)
* Sir Patrick Spens, an old ballad
# Nauvoo State Park

Nauvoo State Park is an Illinois state park on 148 acres (60 ha) in Hancock County, Illinois, United States near the banks of the Mississippi River. It contains 13-acre manmade lake named Lake Horton, the Rheinberger House Museum, and Illinois’ oldest vineyard.

## Flora and fauna

Lake Horton is stocked with largemouth bass, channel catfish, and bluegill. Deer, skunks, opossum, and raccoon are among the native animals. Birds include cardinals, goldfinches, geese, ducks, and wood ducks.

## Recreation

Fishing and boating are available on Lake Horton. Hiking and cross-country skiing are allowed on two of the park's trails.

### Museum

The Nauvoo State Park Museum is a house built by Mormons in the 1840s, remodeled by Icarians, and later owned by the Rheinberger family from 1850 to 1948. It has been staffed as a museum by the Nauvoo Historical Society since 1954. The restored home features a stone-arched wine cellar and a press room, and is the only Nauvoo wine cellar open to the public. This also is the location of Nauvoo's first vineyard, a 3-acre concord grape vineyard planted in 1851 which has been producing grapes since the mid-1800s. The museum itself exhibits artifacts from all periods of Nauvoo's history, including Native American, German, Mormon, Icarian, Civil War, and other artifacts.
# Lity

Lity may refer to:
* Lity (Orthodox Vespers), a procession at Great Vespers in the Eastern Orthodox Church
* Lity (Orthodox memorial service), a short service for the dead in the Eastern Orthodox Church
# Norio Imamura

Kiyonori Imamura (今村 清憲, Imamura Kiyonori), better known by his stage name Norio Imamura (いまむら のりお, Imamura Norio) (born April 17, 1954), is a Japanese stage actor and voice actor from Gifu. He is a graduate of the Fine Arts department of Nihon University. Imamura began his career in the musical troupe Musical Company It's Follies [ja] and was coached by Nachi Nozawa.
Imamura tattoos himself as a hobby and has reportedly spent 4 to 5 million yen (the equivalent of $45,000 to $56,000) on tattoos over the course of a decade. From April 26 to June 7, 2010, Imamura posted pictures of his lower body on his blog with the intention of showing that his body had been completely tattooed. Imamura was arrested in July 2010 for posting images that were deemed indecent. This event forced Imamura to step down from his ongoing voice role as Emporio Ivankov in One Piece (the role was subsequently inherited by Mitsuo Iwata). On September 1, Imamura was released following a summary proceeding at the Tokyo Public Prosecutor's Office and was given a fine of 500,000 yen (approximately $6,000).

## Roles
### Television animation

* One Piece (Emporio Ivankov (first voice))
* Transformers: Robots in Disguise (Gas Skunk)

### Dubbing roles

* The Birdcage (Video/DVD edition) (Albert Goldman)
* The Next Best Thing
* Wasabi

### Stage

* Chotto Nozo Itemitegoran
* Gotsugōshugi de Gyō Kō
* Charlie's Hengel
* Gotsugōshugi de Gyō Kō, Part 2: Heppiri Koshi de Gyō Kō
* Sammy's Bar Heyōkoso!
* Chotto Nozo Itemitegoran 2008
* Bakumatsu Samurai Densetsu -CHUJI-
* 21-Seiki Chūnen! ~Saishūshō: Wagashi no On?~
# Nessi

Nessi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Antonio Nessi, Italian engraver, painter and photographer
* Giuseppe Nessi, Italian opera singer
* Lino Nessi, Paraguayan footballer
* Marzio Nessi, experimental physicist at CERN
# Michael Morrison (actor)

Milton Owen Ingley (May 23, 1946 – December 22, 2006), also known as Michael Morrison, was an American pornographic actor, producer, and director. He was a member the AVN Hall of Fame and the XRCO Hall of Fame.

## Biography

Ingley was born in Lubbock, Texas, and attended Texas Tech University there. He was a corporal in the U.S. Army and served in Vietnam from 1967 to 1968.
Ingley entered the adult film industry in 1977, appearing in a film as a favor to a girlfriend.
Ingley performed in over 140 films during the 1970s and 1980s under various names including Michael Morrison. He also produced and directed over 100 films with his own production company Chandler Studios during the 1980s and 1990s.
Ingley, as Morrison, was inducted into the X-Rated Critics Organization Hall of Fame in 1993 as a "Film Pioneer".
Ingley never married. He did have a daughter from an out-of-wedlock relationship, Helen.
In 1997, Ingley obtained a copy of an intimate video tape stolen from the home of Tommy and Pamela Anderson Lee and sold copies from the web site www.pamlee.com. The Lees sued Ingley and obtained a court injunction ordering him to stop selling the video.
Ingley lived in Amsterdam from 1997 to 2004. He then moved to Arizona to be closer to his family, according to his friend Sharon Mitchell. Milton Ingley died at his home in Mesa, Arizona, on December 22, 2006, from complications of diabetes. He is buried at the National Memorial Cemetery of Arizona in Phoenix.

## Partial filmography

* Island of Dr. Love (1978)
* Coed Fever (1980)
* Taboo (1980)
# Pleurothallis applanata

Pleurothallis applanata is a species of orchid plant

## Distribution

It is native to Ecuador.
It is an epiphyte, found at elevations of 800 to 1800 meters.

## Taxonomy

It was named by Carlyle A. Luer, and Stig Dalström, in Lindleyana 11: 147, in 1996.
# 2-FA

* 2-Fluoroamphetamine
* 2-Fluoroadenine
# Orocrambus heliotes

Orocrambus heliotes is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1888. This species is endemic to New Zealand. O. heliotes has been recorded in the South Island and the North Island. The habitat it prefers consists of swampy tussock grasslands and margins of slow-moving streams.
The wingspan is 14–17 mm for males and 15–20 mm for females. Adults have been recorded from early November to early February.
The larvae feed on Sphagnum, Funaria and Breutelia species, as well as Juncus bufonius.
# Patty Prather Thum

Patty Prather Thum (October 1, 1853 – September 28, 1926) was an American artist from Louisville, Kentucky known for her landscapes, paintings of roses, and book illustrations. She studied art at Vassar College and the Art Students League of New York and maintained a portrait and landscape studio in Louisville for 35 years. She taught art, illustrated books and magazines, was an inventor, served as the president of the Louisville Art League, member of the Louisville Women's Club, and was the art critic for the Louisville Herald until 1925.

## Early life and education

Patty Prather Thum, daughter of prominent Louisville doctor Mandeville Thum and Louisiana (Miller) Thum, was born in Louisville, Kentucky on October 1, 1853. She was first tutored in drawing by her mother. As a child, Thum visited her grandparents at their rural home and developed a "love of nature". Thum studied art at Vassar College with Henry Van Ingen, becoming one of the first Kentucky graduates. Thum studied with William Merritt Chase, Henry Mobray, and Lemuel Wiles at the Art Students League of New York. At the Student's Guild of the Brooklyn Art Association she studied under Thomas Eakins. In the mid-1870s, Thum moved back to Louisville and began a career as a painter.

## Career

Thum had an art studio at the Francis Building in Louisville for over 35 years. She is most well known for her landscape painting, mostly of flowers and Kentucky scenes, but also painted still-lifes and portraits. She also contributed to art magazines and newspapers. She painted private gardens in Jefferson and Oldham Counties with native trees being a focus of her work. Thum was a member of several art organizations, including the Louisville Art Association, the Art Association of Indianapolis, the American Federation of Art, and the Arts Club. Thum received an honorable mention for book illustration of "Robbie and Annie: A Child's Story" at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. Thum also served as art director of the 1921 Kentucky State Fair.

## Personal life and death

After an illness of several months, Thum died at her home in Louisville at the age of seventy-two on September 28, 1926.

## Exhibitions

* Southern Exposition, Louisville, 1883
* 1893 World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893
* New York State Fair, Albany, 1898
* Saint Louis Exposition, St. Louis, 1904
* Paintings by Patty Thum, Indianapolis Museum of Art, 1909
Posthumous
* Kentucky Expatriates, Owensboro KY, 1984
* Kentucky Women Artists: 1850-2000, Owensboro Museum of Fine Arts and Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, 2001
* Patty Thum, Howard Steamboat Museum, Jeffersonville IN, 2009

## Gallery

* The Fountain by Patty Prather Thum
* Still Life with Two Roses by Patty Prather Thum, 1870
# Nauli

Nauli is one of the kriyas or shatkarmas, preliminary purifications, used in yoga. The exercise is claimed to serve the cleaning of the abdominal region (digestive organs, small intestine) and is based on a massage of the internal belly organs by a circular movement of the abdominal muscles. It is performed standing with the feet apart and the knees bent.
The 15th century Hatha Yoga Pradipika claims that Nauli (magically) removes all diseases.
Nauli is an exercise of classical hatha yoga; it is not often taught in yoga as exercise. There are four steps, which are learned one after another:
* the abdominal lock, uddiyana bandha: the lungs are emptied, and the abdomen is pulled inwards and upwards under the lower edge of the ribcage
* madhyana nauli: only the central muscles of the abdomen are contracted
* vama nauli: only the left muscles of the abdomen are contracted
* daksina nauli: only the right muscles of the abdomen are contracted.
# Bathyblennius antholops

Bathyblennius antholops is a species of combtooth blenny found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean, around the Gulf of Guinea. This deep-water species occurs at depths of from 101 to 128 metres (331 to 420 ft). It is the only member of its genus. It can reach a maximum length of 5.4 centimetres (2.1 in) SL.
# Norio Kudo

Norio Kudo (工藤 紀夫, Kudō Norio, born August 2, 1940) is a professional Go player.

## Biography

Kudo turned professional in 1955 and was promoted to 9 dan in 1976. Although he did not win many tournaments, he was known for teaching Go to many people, even if they were just starting to learn, or were about to turn 1 dan. He succeeded the late Masao Kato as president of the International Go Federation in 2005.

## Promotion record

| Rank | Year |
| 1 dan | 1955 |
| 2 dan | 1955 |
| 3 dan | 1958 |
| 4 dan | 1959 |
| 5 dan | 1961 |
| 6 dan | 1963 |
| 7 dan | 1966 |
| 8 dan | 1969 |
| 9 dan | 1976 |

## Titles & runners-up

| Title | Years Held |
| Current | 2 |
| Tengen | 1997 |
| Oza | 1977 |
| Title | Years Lost |
| Current | 4 |
| Tengen | 1998, 1999 |
| Oza | 1978 |
| Gosei | 1985 |
| Defunct | 2 |
| Shin-Ei | 1970 |
| Hayago Championship | 1976 |
| Continental | 1 |
| China-Japan Tengen | 1998 |
| Preceded byMasao Kato | President of the International Go Federation 2005 – 2007 | Succeeded byHiromu Okabe |
# Dixanthogen disulfide

    Structure of diethyl dixanthogen disulfide.
Dixanthogen disulfides are a class of organosulfur compounds with the formula (ROC(S)S)$_2$. Usually yellow solids, they are the product of the oxidation of xanthate salts. A common derivative is diethyl dixanthogen disulfide. Diisopropyl dixanthogen disulfide is commercially available. They are structurally related to thiuram disulfides.

## Uses and reactions

Diethyl dixanthogen disulfide is a component for froth flotations used, inter alia, for the separation of sulfide minerals like pyrrhotite. Diisopropyl dixanthogen disulfide is a reagent in the synthesis of sulfur heterocycles.
Dialkoxy dixanthogen disulfides undergo desulfurization by cyanide to give bis(alkoxythiocarbonyl)sulfides:
    (ROC(S)S)$_2$ + CN$^−$ → (ROC(S))$_2$S + SCN$^−$
Dixanthogens are also ectoparasiticides.
# Clarks Hill, South Carolina

Clarks Hill is a census-designated place (CDP) in McCormick County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 376 at the 2000 census.

## History

The community was named after an 18th-century local blacksmith.
The Hopewell Rosenwald School was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

## Geography

Clarks Hill is located at 33°39′39″N 82°9′37″W﻿ / ﻿33.66083°N 82.16028°W﻿ / 33.66083; -82.16028 (33.660876, -82.160302).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.2 square miles (8.3 km$^2$), all land.
The soils of Clarks Hill are moderately well drained or well drained. They have brown sandy loam topsoils which are underlain by red clay. This fine-textured material may form a distinct layer or comprise the entire subsoil. They support forests in which loblolly pine and shortleaf pine dominate.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 376 people, 133 households, and 104 families living in the CDP. The population density was 117.5 inhabitants per square mile (45.4/km$^2$). There were 145 housing units at an average density of 45.3 per square mile (17.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 14.36% White and 85.64% African American. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.27% of the population.
There were 133 households, out of which 35.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.6% were married couples living together, 29.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.8% were non-families. 18.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.20.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 28.5% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 76.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $28,269, and the median income for a family was $29,464. Males had a median income of $26,731 versus $22,411 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $10,305. About 21.1% of families and 16.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.5% of those under age 18 and 50.0% of those age 65 or over.
# Pleurota pyropella

Pleurota pyropella is a moth of the family Oecophoridae. It is found in Portugal, France, Germany, Italy, Austria, Switzerland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Albania, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, North Macedonia, Greece, Turkey, Ukraine, Russia, as well as on Corsica, Sicily, Cyprus and Crete. Outside of the Europe, the range extends to the eastern Palearctic. The species is also present in the Near East and North Africa.

## Subspecies

* Pleurota pyropella pyropella
* Pleurota pyropella candia Back, 1973
* Pleurota pyropella siciliana Back, 1973 (Sicily)
* Pleurota pyropella idalia Meyrick, 1923 (Cyprus)
* Pleurota pyropella semicanella Constant, 1885 (Corsica)
# 2-Fluorobenzoic acid

2-Fluorobenzoic acid is an aromatic organic compound with the formula FC$_6$H$_4$CO$_2$H. It is one of three isomeric fluorobenzoic acids. Its conjugate base is 2-fluorobenzoate. The compound is an irritant.
Its metabolism has been studied extensively in the field of microbiology. Its conjugate base is part of the pathway of 2-fluorobiphenyl metabolism by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes.