OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Marius Toudoire

Denis Marius Toudoire (Toulon, November 15, 1852 - Paris, March 11, 1922) was a French architect. In particular, he built stations for the Compagnie des chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), including the main stations: Paris Lyon to Paris, Bordeaux-Saint-Jean and Toulouse-Matabiau. He also realized the Grande Poste d'Alger.

## Biography

Marius Toudoire was the son of Augustin Martin Toudoire and Chritine Élisabeth Joye.
He enrolled at the École nationale supérieure des beaux-arts in Paris where he studied with Charles-Auguste Questel (1807-1888), he came second at the Prix de Rome, and with his student Jean-Louis Pascal (1837-1920) he came first at the Prix de Rome in 1866. He graduated in 1879.
He was entrusted by the board of directors of the Compagnie des chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), chaired by Stéphane Adolphe Dervillé, with the construction of the Gare de Lyon in Paris and to have a keen eye on the decoration of this building, particularly in the choice of artists and the execution of the works according to the prescriptions of the Board.
He had his offices in 1895 at 88, rue Saint-Lazare.
He was the inspector of Civil Construction for the ministry of defence, he was the architect of the Palace of the National Manufactures at the 1900 World's Fair.
He died on March 11, 1922, at his home at 4, rue Sainte-Anne in the 1st arrondissement of Paris. A religious service was held on March 14 at the church of Saint-Roch, followed by a burial in the Garches cemetery.

## Works

* 1889 to 1898: Bordeaux Station of Bordeaux-Saint-Jean.
* 1895: Construction for Higarède at 172, rue Marcadet in Paris.
* 1895-1902: Gare de Lyon in Paris (including the restaurant Le Train bleu).
* from 1903 to 1905: Toulouse-Matabiau station.
* 1905 to 1908: Some thirty buildings for the 1908 Franco-British exhibition at Shepherd's Bush near London, in collaboration with Imre Kiralfy.
* 1910-1913:
* The Grande Poste d'Alger in collaboration with Jules Voinot;
* Town hall at Bône in Algeria;
* Prefecture of Constantine in Algeria.
* 1910: Station of Cusset (Allier).
* 1912: Station of Châtel-Guyon (Puy-de-Dôme).
* Railway stations
* Bordeaux-Saint-Jean station
* Gare de Lyon
* Toulouse-Matabiau station

## Acknowledgments

On August 14, 1900, he was named Knight of the Legion of Honor for his participation in the 1900 World's Fair in Paris as architect of the Palace of the National Manufactures.
* The Palace of National Manufacturers
# Chiloglottis grammata

Chiloglottis grammata, commonly known as the small bird orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to Tasmania. It has two broad leaves and a single greenish purple to purple flower with short, shiny greenish to reddish or black calli and low ridges resembling writing, covering most of the upper surface of the labellum. It is widespread and common in high rainfall mountainous areas.

## Description

Chiloglottis grammata is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with two leaves 50–80 mm (2–3 in) long and 15–25 mm (0.6–1 in) wide. A single greenish purple to purple flower 16–19 mm (0.6–0.7 in) long and 25–30 mm (0.98–1.2 in) wide is borne on a flowering stem 20–40 mm (0.8–2 in) high. The dorsal sepal is broadly egg-shaped to spatula-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, 15–19 mm (0.6–0.7 in) long and 8–11 mm (0.3–0.4 in) wide. The lateral sepals are linear to lance-shaped, 14–16 mm (0.55–0.63 in) long, about 2 mm (0.08 in) wide and taper towards their tips. There is a glandular tip 0.5–1.0 mm (0.02–0.04 in) long on the end of all three sepals. The petals are lance-shaped but curved, 13–16 mm (0.5–0.6 in) long, about 4 mm (0.2 in) wide and spread widely apart from each other. The labellum is egg-shaped to heart-shaped, 8–11 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long and 7–10 mm (0.3–0.4 in) wide with short, shiny greenish to reddish or black calli up to 1 mm (0.04 in) long and low ridges resembling writing covering most of its upper surface. Flowering occurs from October to February.

## Taxonomy and naming

Chiloglottis grammata was first formally described in 1991 by Geoffrey Carr and the description was published in Indigenous Flora and Fauna Association Miscellaneous Paper 1 from a specimen collected from Jackeys Marsh in the Meander Valley.

## Distribution and habitat

The small bird orchid is widespread and locally common in Tasmania, especially in moist to wet forest in mountainous areas, sometimes forming dense colonies.
# Cuignières

Cuignières (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.
# Central Asian southern desert

The Central Asian southern desert ecoregion (WWF ID: PA1312) is an arid but ecologically active region between the east coast of the Caspian Sea and steppes at the base of the mountains of central Asia. Most of Turkmenistan and eastern Uzbekistan is in this ecoregion. The winters are milder than in the cold desert to the north (the Central Asian northern desert ecoregion), and a large number of endemic species have adapted to living in the particular climate and soil of the region. As with sandy deserts in general, the region is notable for high numbers of endemic species of reptiles and insects.

## Location and description

The ecoregion covers the arid territory from the Caspian Sea on the west, almost to the Pamir-Alay Mountains to the east. Most of Turkmenistan and the eastern half of Uzbekistan is this region. Covered are the coastal plains of the Caspian, the Krasnovodsk and Ustyurt Plateaus of northwest Turkmenistan, the Karakum Desert ('Black Sand' desert) of central Turkmenistan, and the Kyzylkum Desert ('Red Sand' desert) of eastern Uzbekistan and a portion of southern Kazakhstan between the Syr Darya and Amu Darya Rivers. The ecoregion is bisected by the thin ecoregion of the Central Asian riparian woodlands of the Amu Darya River.

## Climate

The climate in the surrounding region is Cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification (BWk)). This climate features hot desert conditions in the summer, but cooler than hot deserts. Winters are cold and dry. At least one month averages below 0 °C (32 °F). Precipitation is 125–170 mm/year, with the little precipitation occurring in the winter and spring.

## Flora and fauna

Soil type and quality is one of the main drivers of plant species across the ecoregion. Sandy areas typically feature White saxaul (Haloxylon persicum) and Black saxaul (Haloxylon ammodendron), which are short hardy trees that are tolerant of drought and poor soils. They have extensive root systems to hold in the sand. Thin sandy and loamy soils support many species of sagebrush and salt-tolerate saltworts (Salsola). Saline solonchak soils support salt-tolerant succulent semi-shrubs such as Halostachys, Halocnemum strobilaceum and Seepweeds (Suaeda).
Common mammals include the long-earned hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus), Brandt's hedgehog (Paraechinus hypomelas), and Tolai hare (Lepus tolai). Also common are gerbils and ten species of jerboas.

## Protections

Significant protected areas in the ecoregion include:
* Gaplaňgyr Nature Reserve, on the Gaplaňgyr Plateau spur of the Ustyurt Plateau in the northwest of the ecoregion. (Area: 2,822 km$^2$ (1,090 sq mi))
* Repetek Biosphere State Reserve, in the eastern Karakum Desert, established for the study of desert ecological recovery. It features the Desert monitors (Desert monitor), and the Vulnerable Goitered Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa). (Area: 346 km$^2$ (134 sq mi))
* Badhyz State Nature Reserve, in the southern Karakum Desert, known for ungulate populations, including the Near-Threatened Onager (Asiatic Wild Ass, Equus hemionus). (Area: 877 km$^2$ (339 sq mi))
# Caloptilia populiella

Caloptilia populiella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from British Columbia, Canada, and Colorado, United States.
The larvae feed on Populus species, including Populus tremuloides. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Chiloglottis formicifera

Chiloglottis formicifera, commonly known as the common ant orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to New South Wales. It has two broad leaves and a single narrow, greenish or reddish flower with a black, ant-like callus covering most of the upper surface of the labellum. There is a single record of this species from New Zealand.

## Description

Chiloglottis formicifera is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with two leaves 30–60 mm (1–2 in) long and 15–25 mm (0.6–1 in) wide. A single greenish or reddish flower 12–16 mm (0.5–0.6 in) long and 6–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide is borne on a flowering stem 60–100 mm (2–4 in) high. The dorsal sepal is spatula-shaped, 10–12.5 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long and about 3 mm (0.1 in) wide. The lateral sepals are 9–10 mm (0.35–0.39 in) long, about 0.7 mm (0.03 in) wide and erect at the base then curve downwards. There is a glandular tip about 0.5 mm (0.02 in) long on the end of all three sepals. The petals are lance-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, 8–10 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long, about 3 mm (0.1 in) wide and turned strongly downwards. The labellum is diamond-shaped, 7–10 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long and 6–7.5 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide with a narrow, shiny black, ant-like callus covering most of its upper surface. Flowering occurs from August to November.

## Taxonomy and naming

Chiloglottis formicifera was first formally described in 1877 by Robert D. FitzGerald and the description was published in his book Australian Orchids from a specimen collected "in a gully at the Kurrajong". The specific epithet (formicifera) is derived from the Latin word formica meaning "ant"$^{:93}$ with the suffix -fera meaning "bear", "carry" or "have".$^{:187}$

## Distribution and habitat

The common ant orchid grows in moist places in forest between the Northern Tablelands and Nowra. There is a single historical record from Kaitaia in New Zealand.
# Plastic Raygun

Plastic Raygun was a record label based in Cardiff, the capital of Wales, that specialised in breakbeat artists. The company was formed in the mid-1990s by Maf Lewis, Steven Robson and Neil Cocker organising and hosting concerts, featuring artists such as the Propellerheads and Bentley Rhythm Ace. They followed in 2000 with an official record label adding label manager Sam Evans.
Their most notable accomplishment to date has been the Jean Jacques Smoothie single "2 People", which was a top 20 hit in the UK. In 2001 "2 People" appeared on Top Of The Pops.
The signing of artists Stabilizer and Dynamo Dresden were significant to the label. Dynamo Dresden's 2006 album Remember, released on the Plastic Raygun label, saw widespread release in the US, UK, and Spain. Prior to the album releases by Dynamo Dresden and Stabilizer, Plastic Raygun had made a name for itself selling thousands of 12" singles across the world, with its artists touring on five continents.

## Recording artists

The following artists have recorded on the Plastic Raygun label:
* NAPT
* Stabilizer
* Phantom Beats
* Vandal (Electronica/Breakbeat producer)
* Jean Jacques Smoothie
* Dynamo Dresden
* Baobinga
* Sheethanger
* AtomicRoboKid
* Brothomstates (as Brothomstates and Bromide War)

## Awards

Plastic Raygun won four Welsh Music Academy Awards between 2002 and 2004 including 'Best Live Act', 'Best Label', 'Best Single' and 'Best Student Event'.
# Louis Ferdinand Elle the Younger

Louis Ferdinand Elle the Younger (1648 in Paris – 1717 in Paris), was a French portrait painter and the son of Louis Ferdinand Elle the Elder.

## Biography

According to the RKD he was educated at the Académie de peinture et de sculpture, and moved after 1686 to the provinces, namely Nantes and later to Rennes. This was possibly due to the competition in portrait painting in Paris by the artists Nicolas de Largillière, Hyacinthe Rigaud, and François de Troy during his period of activity there.

## Mimic Works

* Follower Of Louis Ferdinand Elle the Younger - Portrait of a Lady, Oil on Canvas
* Portrait of a Lady - Attributed To Louis Ferdinand Elle the Younger- Oil on Canvasa
# Barbara Neski

Barbara Neski (née Goldberg; born in 1928) is an American architect who co-founded the architectural firm Neski Associates with her husband Julian Neski in New York City.

## Education

Neski grew up in Highland Park, New Jersey. She received her undergraduate degree from Bennington College in 1949. During her third semester of her undergraduate studies she became aware of the nearby Robinson House in Williamstown, Massachusetts designed by Marcel Breuer and was inspired by what domestic architecture could be. She received her Master of Architecture from Harvard University's Graduate School of Design that was at the time directed by Walter Gropius. She finished the three-year program in two years and found being a woman in the program an “oddity.” One professor, Hugh Stubbins, did not take her seriously and during desk crits would completely “ignore [her]”. “He didn’t even look at [her] drawings.”

## Early career

In 1952 Neski began working in the office of José Luis Sert. She worked on urban plans for Bogotá and Havana. She met Julian Neski while working at Sert's office, her future design partner and husband. They were married in 1954. They moved to Marcel Breuer's office where she designed plans for a factory in Canada, a house in Connecticut, and a library for Hunter College. In 1959, they collaborated on the American National Exhibition in Moscow with an American design team that included Peter Blake, Buckminster Fuller, Charles and Ray Eames.

## Neski Associates

They started their firm in the early 1960s and designed over 35 houses, 25 of which were in the Hamptons, NY. Their practice was one of equals with both fully participating in all aspects of the practice. Their practice became known for their modernist vacation homes. The Neski's maintained a small office in part to be able to better manage all aspects of the work, having a direct hand in each project. Barbara Neski taught at Pratt Institute between 1978 and 1992. She became a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects in 1985.

## Selected works

* Cates House, Amagansett, NY, 1968
* Chalif House, East Hampton, NY, 1964
* Sabel House, Bridgehampton, NY 1970
* Simon House, Remensberg, 1972
* Tivoli Towers housing complex, Brooklyn, NY 1973
* Formby House, 1980
* Foundation Center, New York, NY, 1985
# Cristian Moldovan

Claudiu Cristian Moldovan (born 20 September 1976 in Târgu Mureș) is a retired Romanian aerobic gymnast. He had a successful career winning seven world championships medals (three gold, two silver and two bronze) and two European championships medals (one gold and one bronze). After retiring from aerobic gymnastics, he has been a coach for the junior national women's artistic gymnastics team. Among many gymnasts, he coached young Diana Chelaru, Larisa Iordache and Diana Bulimar.
# Lindsay Thomas (actress)

Lindsay Thomas (April 3, 1978 – February 3, 2010) was a Canadian stage actress of Stratford, Ontario and Toronto theatre productions.

## Career

Thomas was a graduate of Sheridan College's musical theatre program. She was a member of the Stratford Festival company from 2005 to 2008. Her performances included playing Ado Annie in Oklahoma! in 2007. She was also a member of the original Canadian company of Hairspray. Her performances struck audiences, and her leadership abilities as a dance captain were outstanding. This especially showed through when she worked with and as a part of the cast of Oliver! in 2006 at the Stratford Festival of Canada.
In 2008, she played Gracie Shinn in The Music Man. She later performed in Anne of Green Gables – Somewhere in the World at Charlottetown Festival, Grease at Edmonton's Citadel Theatre, Aladdin at the Stirling Festival, The Boy Friend, City of Angels, and The Crucible at Theatre Sheridan. She also starred in the Canadian version of Jersey Boys along with Jeff Madden, who was a very close friend.

## Death

Lindsay Thomas was diagnosed with lung cancer in 2009, even though she was a non-smoker. She died on February 3, 2010, aged 31.
# Mario Bonić

Mario Bonić (born 4 August 1952) is a Croatian retired football manager and player who played a forward.
# Mario Bonotti

Mario Bonotti was an Italian film editor. While much of his work was in popular genre cinema, he also edited several post-war neorealist films such as The Bandit (1946) and Without Pity (1948). He had an acting role in the 1953 film Love in the City.

## Selected filmography

* Black Shirt (1933)
* Two Million for a Smile (1939)
* Maddalena, Zero for Conduct (1940)
* Bridge of Glass (1940)
* The Cavalier from Kruja (1940)
* Saint Rogelia (1940)
* The Sin of Rogelia Sanchez (1940)
* Teresa Venerdì (1941)
* Forbidden Music (1942)
* The Little Teacher (1942)
* A Garibaldian in the Convent (1942)
* Giacomo the Idealist (1943)
* The Children Are Watching Us (1944)
* The Gates of Heaven (1945)
* The Bandit (1946)
* Without Pity (1948)
* Escape to France (1948)
* Variety Lights (1950)
* The Passaguai Family (1951)
* Beauties in Capri (1952)
* Toto in Color (1952)
* Barefoot Savage (1952)
* Aida (1953)
* Love in the City (1953)
* If You Won a Hundred Million (1953)
* Tripoli, Beautiful Land of Love (1954)
* The Captive City (1962)
# Culex (disambiguation)

Culex is a genus of mosquito (family Culicidae).
Culex may also refer to:
* Culex (video game character), a boss character in the video game Super Mario RPG
* Culex (poem), a poem in the Appendix Vergiliana
# Mangtong, Chipwi

Mangtong is a village in Chipwi Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Burma.
# Chichester Wrey

Sir Chichester Wrey, 3rd Baronet (1628–1668) of Trebeigh in the parish of St Ive, Cornwall and of North Russell in the parish of Sourton, Devon, was an active Royalist during the Civil War and was Colonel of the Duke of York's Regiment and served as Governor of Sheerness.

## Origins

He was the eldest son and heir of Sir William Wrey, 2nd Baronet (1600–1645) of Trebeigh in the parish of St Ive, Cornwall and of North Russell in the parish of Sourton, Devon, a Member of Parliament for Liskeard, Cornwall, in 1624. At the start of the Civil War the 2nd Baronet was a Royalist and in 1642 was appointed a Commissioner of Array in Cornwall, responsible for raising local militia troops for the King's army. His mother was the 2nd Baronet's wife Elizabeth Chichester, daughter of Edward Chichester, 1st Viscount Chichester (1568–1648) of Eggesford in Devon.

## Career

During the Civil War, like his father, he was an active Royalist and fought for the King's cause with much bravery, and was knighted by King Charles I at Bristol Castle on 3 August 1643. He succeeded to the baronetcy on his father's death in 1645, during the Civil War. He was Colonel of the Duke of York's Regiment and served as Governor of Sheerness.
After the Restoration of the Monarchy he was elected to the Cavalier Parliament in 1661 as a member for Lostwithiel in Cornwall, sitting until his death in 1668.

## Marriage and children

He married Lady Anne Bourchier, the third daughter and eventual co-heiress of Edward Bourchier, 4th Earl of Bath (died 1636) of Tawstock Court in North Devon, and widow of James Cranfield, 2nd Earl of Middlesex. The Wreys had been seated for several generations at the manor of Trebigh, but by the marriage of Sir Chichester Wrey with Lady Anne Bourchier, and following the death without children of Henry Bourchier, 5th Earl of Bath (1593–1654), they inherited the manor of Tawstock, thenceforth the family seat (in which parish the present baronet still lives in 2015), and several other estates. By his wife he had children as follows:
* Sir Bourchier Wrey, 4th Baronet (1653–1696), eldest son and heir, of Tawstock Court, a Member of Parliament and a noted duellist. He commanded a regiment of horse after the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660, serving under James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth.
* Col. Chichester Wrey (died 1706), second son, who died in Spain.
* Edward Wrey, third son.
* John Wrey, fourth son, a soldier "killed before Tangier", at some time before its evacuation by the English garrison in 1684.
* Anne Wrey, who married Sir Francis Northcote, 3rd Baronet (1659–1709).
# Bogert's coral snake

Bogert's coral snake (Micrurus bogerti) is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is endemic to southern Mexico.

## Etymology

The specific name, bogerti, is in honor of American herpetologist Charles Mitchill Bogert.

## Geographic range

M. bogerti is native to the Pacific coast of Oaxaca in Mexico, ranging from Puerto Angel to San Pedro Tapanatepec.

## Habitat

Known from a few specimens from four localities, M. bogerti is found in tropical deciduous forest, dry coastal forest, and scrub forest.

## Description

M. bogerti has a black snout, followed by a yellow parietal band, followed by a black nuchal band. The body is red with 16–19 black rings. The black rings, which are narrower than the red spaces between them, are edged with yellow or white rings which are even narrower. The red spaces are 6–8 dorsal scales wide; the black rings, 3–4 dorsals; and the yellow or white rings, 1–2 dorsals.

## Reproduction

M. bogerti is oviparous.

## Conservation status

No conservations measures are known, but M. bogerti is protected by Mexican law.

## Taxonomy

There are no recognized subspecies of M. bogerti.
# Louis Joseph d'Albert, 6th Duke of Chaulnes

Louis Joseph d'Albert, 6th Duke of Chaulnes (1741–1792), sixth Duke of Chaulnes and son of Michel Ferdinand d'Albert d'Ailly, was a chemist and French aristocrat.

## Biography

At the death of his father in 1769, Louis Joseph inherited the title of Duke of Picquigny. He studied science successfully and in 1764 was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in London.
He retired from military service at the age of twenty-four with the simple rank of colonel and instead undertook the study of natural sciences. In 1775, he proved that the poisonous air produced in the brewing process was carbon dioxide, and demonstrated a method of easily preparing acidic water with instruments with which water was shaken above vats where beer was fermenting. He showed a method of extracting and purifying salts from urine. In 1773, he found a way to crystallize alkalis by saturating carbon dioxide over a vat of beer.
Chemists at the time recognised that asphyxiation from coal fumes is due to the formation of carbon dioxide. Chaulnes proposed a way to recover from suffocation through the administration of ammonia gas in various forms. After experiencing success with animals, he wanted to confirm his discoveries on human beings. He gave instructions to his valet and, when he had practised enough, he shut himself in a glass cabinet, sat on a mattress and surrounded himself with burning charcoal.
   "When you see me fall", he said, "retrieve me from the cabinet and give me aid as I've taught you to do."
The valet obeyed promptly and brought his master back to life.
In the course of Chaulnes' travels he visited Egypt in 1763 where he recorded what he saw with accurate drawings of several monuments which until then had been un-published or poorly described. However, he included only one in the paper Mémoire sur la véritable entrée du monument égyptien qui se trouve à quatre lieues du Caire, près de Sakara, Paris, 1783, in-4°. That monument, known as the Well of Birds, was a tomb for sacred animals. The author recounts his fruitless attempts to make plaster casts of the superb hieroglyphs and gives other curious details. He also published Mémoire et Expériences sur l'air fixe qui se dégage de la bière en fermentation, included in vol. 9 of an anthology of foreign scholars of the Academy of Sciences, 1780.
On 11 February 1773 The Duke of Chaulnes had an altercation with Caron de Beaumarchais who accused him of stealing his mistress, the actress Mademoiselle Ménard. He was then imprisoned at the Château de Vincennes.