OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# M. Frederick Hawthorne

Marion Frederick Hawthorne (August 24, 1928 – July 8, 2021) was an inorganic chemist who made contributions to the chemistry of boron hydrides, especially their clusters.

## Early life and education

Hawthorne was born on August 24, 1928, in Fort Scott, Kansas. He received his elementary and secondary education in Kansas and Missouri. Prior to high school graduation, he entered the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy, Rolla, Missouri through examination as a chemical engineering student. He then transferred to Pomona College, where he received a B.A. degree in chemistry in 1949. While there he conducted research with Corwin Hansch. Hawthorne completed his Ph.D. in organic chemistry under Donald J. Cram at the University of California, Los Angeles in 1953. He conducted postdoctoral research at Iowa State University with George S. Hammond, before joining the Redstone Arsenal Research Division of the Rohm and Haas Company in Huntsville, Alabama.

## Professional career

At the Redstone Arsenal, he worked on the chemistry of boron hydrides making several notable discoveries. In 1962, he moved to the University of California, Riverside as professor of chemistry. He moved to the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) in 1969. In 1998, he was appointed University Professor of Chemistry at UCLA. He then returned to his home state of Missouri as head of the International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine at University of Missouri.
Hawthorne was long associated with the journal Inorganic Chemistry, and was its longest serving editor-in-chief.

## Research

    The dodecaborate anion ([B$_{12}$H$_{12}$]$^{2−}$) was discovered by Pitochelli and Hawthorne.
Hawthorne's contributions focused on the chemistry of boron hydride clusters. He discovered dodecaborate anion (B$_{12}$H$_{12}$$^{2−}$) and metal complexes of the dicarbollide anion. His group subsequently discovered the perhydroxylation of B$_{12}$H$_{12}$$^{2−}$.

## Recognition

Hawthorne has been widely recognized, including with election to the US National Academy of Sciences.
* 1992 – Honorary doctorate from the Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences at Uppsala University, Sweden
* 1994 – Chemical Pioneer Award from the American Institute of Chemists
* 2009 – Priestley Medal from the American Chemical Society
* 2011 – National Medal of Science
# MFP

MFP may refer to:

## Politics

* Member of the Flemish Parliament

### Political parties

* Marematlou Freedom Party, a political party in Lesotho
* Magyar Függetlenségi Párt or Hungarian Independence Party, a Hungarian political party after World War II
* Matabeleland Freedom Party, a separatist political party in Matabeleland, Zimbabwe
* Montenegrin Federalist Party, a political party representing Montenegrins in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
* Move Forward Party, a center-left political party in Thailand

## Software and hardware

* Macromedia Flash Player, now known as Adobe Flash Player
* MyFitnessPal, a free app and website that tracks diet and exercise
* Multifunction printer, an office machine that incorporates the functionality of multiple devices in one

## Science, Medicine

* Membrane fusion protein, a protein which makes membranes combine
* Mean free path, in kinetic theory, a term describing the path of molecules, atoms or photons
* Sodium monofluorophosphate, an ingredient in toothpastes

## Art

* Mystery Flesh Pit National Park

### Music

* Music for People (album), a 2000 album by the band VAST
* Music for Pleasure (record label), a record label from England

## Places

* Muzaffarpur Junction railway station (station code: MFP), a railway station in India
* Multifunction Polis, a proposed technology city in Australia

## Others

* Marinefährprahm, a World War II German landing craft
* Macassar Malay (ISO 639 code: mfp), a Malay trade language
* Main Force Patrol, an Australian Federal Police unit in the Mad Max movies
* Management Frame Protection, the name used by Cisco Systems to refer to IEEE 802.11w-2009
* Master Financial Professional, a designation offered by the American Academy of Financial Management
* Malay Film Productions, a defunct film studio in Singapore
* Mayors for Peace (MfP), an organisation promoting world peace
* Mechanical fuel pump, a common type of fuel pump
* Military Foot Police, a precursor to the Royal Military Police
* Minimum Foundation Program, the formula that determines the cost to educate students at public elementary and secondary schools in Louisiana
* Multifactor productivity, a measure of the change in output per unit of input in an economic system
* Music for People (organization), a non-profit organization dedicated to music-making and music improvisation as a means of self-expression
* Multifunction platform, a diesel generator for use in Africa
# CDGSH iron sulfur domain

The CDGSH iron sulfur domain are a group of iron-sulfur (2Fe-2S) clusters and a unique 39 amino acid CDGSH domain [C-X-C-X2-(S/T)-X3-P-X-C-D-G-(S/A/T)-H].
The CDGSH iron sulfur domain 1 protein (also referred to as mitoNEET) is an integral membrane protein located in the outer mitochondrial membrane and whose function may be to transport iron into the mitochondria. Iron in turn is essential for the function of several mitochondrial enzymes.
The antidiabetic drug pioglitazone, in addition to binding to the nuclear receptor PPAR, also has been shown to bind mitoNEET with approximately equal affinity.
# CDG

CDG may refer to:

## Transport

* Charles de Gaulle Airport (IATA code), Paris, France
* Chandigarh railway station
* ComfortDelGro, a Singaporean multinational land transport company
* Shandong Airlines (ICAO code), based in Shandong, China
* French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle (R91)
* Carriage of Dangerous Goods, associated with ADR (treaty)

## People

* Charles de Gaulle, French general and President

## Organization

* Caisse de dépôt et de gestion, Moroccan pension fund
* Gulf Cartel or Cartel del Golfo, a criminal syndicate and drug trafficking organization in Mexico
* Congenital disorder of glycosylation also known as CDG Syndrome
* Costume Designers Guild
* Cave Diving Group
* Comme des Garçons, a Japanese fashion company

## Compound

* Calcium diglutamate

## Computers

* CD+G or CD+Graphics, a format of Compact Disc including both audio and video graphics
* Card-driven game, a type of wargaming
* CAIA Delay-Gradient, in computer networking, a congestion control algorithm

## Medicine

* Congenital disorder of glycosylation, an inborn error of metabolism
# 2010 Nielsen Pro Tennis Championship – Doubles

Carsten Ball and Travis Rettenmaier were the defending champions; however, they competed in Wimbledon instead. Ryler DeHeart and Pierre-Ludovic Duclos won in the final 7–6(4), 4–6, [10–8], against Rik de Voest and Somdev Devvarman.

## Seeds

* Brian Dabul / Édouard Roger-Vasselin (semifinals)
* Lester Cook / David Martin (semifinals)
* Ryler DeHeart / Pierre-Ludovic Duclos (champions)
* Rik de Voest / Somdev Devvarman (final)

## Main draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| 1 | B Dabul É Roger-Vasselin | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | R Klaasen I van der Merwe | 2 | 3 | | 1 | B Dabul É Roger-Vasselin | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Brugués-Davi V Estrella | w/o | | | | A Peya B Phau | 1 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Peya B Phau | | | | | | | | | 1 | B Dabul É Roger-Vasselin | 6 | 3 | [8] | | | | | |
| 4 | R de Voest S Devvarman | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 4 | R de Voest S Devvarman | 4 | 6 | [10] | | | | | |
| | A Hubble M Torres | 3 | 3 | | 4 | R de Voest S Devvarman | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | R Harrison A Krajicek | 3 | 4 | | | A Kuznetsov B Reynolds | 3 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Kuznetsov B Reynolds | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | 4 | R de Voest S Devvarman | 6$^4$ | 6 | [8] |
| | S Bubka M Raonic | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | 3 | R DeHeart P-L Duclos | 7 | 4 | [10] |
| WC | S Barnett K Kim | 2 | 3 | | | S Bubka M Raonic | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | P Simmonds J Witten | 3 | 1 | | 3 | R DeHeart P-L Duclos | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | R DeHeart P-L Duclos | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 3 | R DeHeart P-L Duclos | 6 | 6 | | | | | | |
| | A Begemann S Stadler | 6 | 5 | [2] | | | | | | 2 | L Cook D Martin | 3 | 2 | | | | | | |
| | N Monroe A Sitak | 4 | 7 | [10] | | N Monroe A Sitak | 6 | 2 | [8] | | | | | | | | | | |
| | JP Fruttero H Mankad | 6$^4$ | 3 | | 2 | L Cook D Martin | 1 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | L Cook D Martin | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Neda Bokan

Neda Bokan (born 1947) is a Serbian mathematician specializing in differential geometry.

## Education and career

Bokan joined the Mathematical Institute of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts as an assistant in 1969, began working at the University of Belgrade in 1971, and completed a Ph.D. there in 1979, with a dissertation on transformation groups of almost-contact manifolds supervised by Mileva Prvanović.
She eventually became full professor at the University of Belgrade, served as dean of mathematics from 1998 to 2001 and again from 2003 to 2007, and was vice rector for education from 2006 to 2012. She also worked as a full professor at the State University of Novi Pazar from 2012 to 2015. She was president of the National Entity for Accreditation and Quality Assurance in Higher Education until stepping down from that position in 2019.
She is the author of ten textbooks, and in 2013 became editor-in-chief of the journal Matematički Vesnik, the journal of the Mathematical Society of Serbia.
# Phytoecia nepheloides

Phytoecia nepheloides is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Sama in 1997. It is known from Syria.
# La Vecchia

La Vecchia is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jaynee LaVecchia (born 1954), American justice
* Luigi Lavecchia (born 1981), Italian footballer
# Chixi

Chixi may refer to these places in China:
* Chixi Subdistrict, Lanxi, Zhejiang
* Chixi, Ningde, Fujian
* Chixi, Guangdong, in Taishan, Guangdong
* Chixi, Sichuan, in Nanjiang County, Sichuan
* Chixi, Cangnan County, Zhejiang
* Chixi Township, Fujian, in Yongtai County, Fujian
* Chixi Township, Jiangxi, in Jinxian County, Jiangxi
# Olearia microphylla

Olearia microphylla, commonly known as snow bush, small-leaved daisy-bush or twiggy daisy-bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a shrub with spatula-shaped leaves with the edges rolled under, and white and yellow, daisy-like inflorescences.

## Description

Olearia microphylla is a shrub that typically grows to a height of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in). Its leaves are spatula-shaped, 2–7 mm (0.079–0.276 in) long and 1–3 mm (0.039–0.118 in) wide and more or less sessile, the upper surface pimply, the lower surface covered with greyish, woolly hairs and the edges rolled under. The heads or daisy-like "flowers" are arranged singly on the ends of side branches and are 9–17 mm (0.35–0.67 in) in diameter and sessile. Each head has six to eight white ray florets surrounding four to eight yellow disc florets. Flowering occurs from June to October and the fruit is a glandular achene, the pappus with 32 to 47 bristles.

## Taxonomy

Snow bush was first formally described in 1804 by Étienne Pierre Ventenat who gave it the name Aster microphyllus in his book Jardin de la Malmaison. In 1916, Joseph Maiden and Ernst Betche changed the name to Olearia microphylla in A Census of New South Wales Plants. The specific epithet (microphylla) means "small-leaved".

## Distribution and habitat

Olearia microphylla is widespread from south-eastern Queensland through eastern New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory and as far south as the Queanbeyan district, growing in shrubland, heath and sclerophyll forest, where it is associated with such species as Eucalyptus sieberi and Eucalyptus sclerophylla.
# Olearia megalophylla

Olearia megalophylla, commonly known as large-leaf daisy bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It is a spreading shrub with egg-shaped to elliptic leaves and white and yellow, daisy-like inflorescences.

## Description

Olearia megalophylla is a spreading shrub that typically grows to a height of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) and has its branchlets covered with felt-like, Y-shaped hairs. Its leaves are egg-shaped to elliptic, 20–130 mm (0.79–5.12 in) long and 6–35 mm (0.24–1.38 in) wide on a petiole up to 30 mm (1.2 in) long. The upper surface of the leaves is dark green and glabrous, the lower surface densely covered with hairs similar to those on the branchlets. The heads or daisy-like "flowers" are arranged in corymbs on the ends of branchlets and are 20–35 mm (0.79–1.38 in) in diameter on a peduncle 20–60 mm (0.79–2.36 in) long. Each head has five to nine white ray florets, the ligule 8–14 mm (0.31–0.55 in) long, surrounding nine to fourteen yellow disc florets. Flowering occurs from December to March and the fruit is a more or less glabrous achene, the pappus with 51 to 80 bristles in two rows.

## Taxonomy

This daisy bush was first formally described in 1860 by Ferdinand von Mueller who gave it the name Eurybia megalophylla in Papers and Prodeedings of the Royal Society of van Dieman's Land. In 1867, George Bentham changed the name to Olearia megalophylla in Flora Australiensis. The specific epithet (megalophylla) means "large-leaved".

## Distribution and habitat

Large-leaf daisy bush grows in forest and woodland on the slopes and tablelands of south from near Orange New South Wales to near Lake Mountain in eastern Victoria.
# Azadistan (disambiguation)

Azadistan was a short-lived state in the Iranian province of Azarbaijan under leadership of Mohammad Khiabani.
Azadistan may also refer to:
# Azadithiolate cofactor

An azadithiolate cofactor is an anion with the formula NH(CH$_2$S)$_2$$^{2−}$. It is used as a cofactor in the [FeFe] hydrogenases, bacterial enzymes responsible for the reversible reduction of 2 H$^+$ to H$_2$. As a cofactor, the two thiolate functional groups are bound to each of the two irons in the active site of the enzyme in a bridging fashion. The amine functional group serves as an acid/base to transfer H$^+$ from the solution to the active site. The proton transfer function of this cofactor is of great importance to the activity of the hydrogenase enzyme, as H$_2$ evolution will not occur if the amine is not present.
# Om Shanti Om (disambiguation)

Om Shanti Om may refer to:
* Om Shanti Om, a 2007 Indian romantic thriller film by Farah Khan
** Om Shanti Om (soundtrack), its soundtrack album by Vishal–Shekhar
* Om Shanthi Om, a 2015 Indian film
* Om Shanti Om (TV series), 2017 Indian musical television series
* Om Shanti Om (album), 2020 live album by Don Cherry
# Om Sri Maha Athi Nageswary Amman Temple, Puchong

The Nageswary Amman Temple, officially known as the Om Sri Maha Athi Nageswary Amman Temple, is a Hindu temple located in Puchong, Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia. This temple was founded in 2013 by Datuk K. Rajan. It was officially consecrated in February 2016. It is revered among many other temples, for the architecture is abstract and constructed differently, with statues of various deities being featured near the entrance.
The temple is dedicated to the deity Nageswary Amman, a form of Amman. The goddess is known to be mounded on a snake, as most of the statues near the entrance are deities mounded on serpents.

## Art and architecture

The temple was built in the Dravidian style, and the temple features 4 gopurams, along with a total of 354 snakes carved around the temple. In addition to having other deities carved in walls of the temple, there stands a 65 feet (20 m) Shiva lingam in the center of the temple, behind the main gopuram.

## Kumbabishekam

The first kumbabishekam for the temple was on February 14, 2016. Around 100,000 people attended the kumbabishekam. Following the kumbabishekam, a mandalabishegam (special prayers) lasted for 48 days.
# Oleg Mamasakhlisi

Oleg Mamasakhlisi (Georgian: ოლეგ მამასახლისი; born 25 November 1995) is a Georgian football player. He plays for Saburtalo.

## Club career

He made his Georgia national football team debut on 23 January 2017 in a friendly game against Uzbekistan.
After his contract with Torpedo Kutaisi expired, in early 2022 Mamasakhlisi joined Shukura Kobuleti.
# Chafika Bensaoula

Chafika Bensaoula is an Algerian jurist who was elected to the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights for a six-year term in 2017.

## Early life and education

Madam Bensaoula was born in Algeria and has a doctorate in public law.

## Career

Ms. Bensaoula has been a judge of the Criminal Affair Chambers and Court of Appeal in Algeria. She is a lecturer at the National School of Magistracy in Algeria. She was Director of the Department of Legal Studies and Documentation at the Ministry of Justice. In April 2016, she was nominated for the International Narcotics Control Board. She is on the governing board of administrators for the International Institute for Justice and the Rule of Law.
Ms. Bensaoula was elected to the African Court at the African Union meeting in Addis Ababa in January 2017, alongside Malawian Tujilane Chizumila. The two were sworn in on 6 March, bringing the number of women on the court to five of eleven judges for the first time and fulfilling the gender parity requirement of the Protocol establishing the court.

## Personal life

Bensaoula speaks Arabic, English and French.
# Perovsky

Perovsky (feminine: Perovskaya) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Nikolay Perovsky (1785–1858), Russian politician
* Sophia Perovskaya (1853–1881), Russian revolutionary
* Olga Perovskaya (1902–1961), Soviet writer
* Vasily Perovsky (1794–1857), Russian general and statesman
# Peter Baker (Canadian politician)

Peter Baker (April 1887 – November 13, 1973), born Bedouin Ferran, also known as Ahmad Ali Ferran and Faron Ahmed upon death, was a Lebanese-born Canadian trader, politician, and author. As the first Muslim elected to public office in Canada, he played a fundamental role in the history of Islam in the Arctic and Subarctic regions.

## Early life

Baker was born in 1887 as Bedouin Ferran or as Ahmad Ali Ferran on the territory of Levant, which is now Lebanon.
At the turn of the century, he emigrated to Canada from the Turkish (Ottoman) conscription for young Arabs whom Turkey made to fight against the Yemenis.
Ferran worked at a Holy Cross College as a labourer, and in 1909, was given his anglicised name by the college's Catholic priest. Thereonafter, he moved to the province of Alberta.

## Canada

In the 1910s, Baker began work as a trapper and trader of northern fur and essentials with First Nations, establishing with his Indigenous trading partners novel and adaptive ways of both trade and credit.
After his trade ended, Baker entered politics, and was elected a member of the NWT Council at the time, now called the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories for the period of 1964–1967. He was one of the earliest Muslim politicians in Canada.
Baker's funeral took place on 19 November 1973 in Al-Rashid Mosque in Edmonton, Alberta. Baker was identified in the 17 November 1973 press of Edmonton Journal's Deaths and Notices section as Baker, Peter (Faron Ahmed).
Baker authored a book, Memoirs of an Arctic Arab, published posthumously in 1976.
# Peter Blazey Fellowship

The Peter Blazey Fellowship in an Australian literary award, in honour of the life and work of Peter Bradford Blazey (1939-1997).

## Establishment of Fellowship

The Fellowship was established by Clive Blazey and Tim Herbert, respectively, brother and partner to Peter Blazey, to honour his life and work, as a journalist, author and gay activist. The Fellowship was launched by the Hon. Justice Michael Kirby at the Australia Centre, in Melbourne, on 30 April 2004.

## Nature of Fellowship

The Fellowship is awarded annually to writers in the non-fiction fields of biography, autobiography and life-writing, and is intended to further a work in progress. The Fellowship comprises a monetary prize and a one-month writing residence with the Australia Centre, within the University of Melbourne.

## Fellowship winners

| Year | Name | References |
| 2004 | Sara Hardy |The Unusual Life of Edna Walling |
| 2005 | Jennifer Compton | "Who Doesn't Want Me to Dance" |
| 2006 | Robert Kenny | The Lamb Enters the Dreaming: Nathanael Pepper and the Ruptured World |
| 2007 | Judith Pugh | "In My Seventies" -- published as Unstill Life: Art, politics and living with Clifton Pugh. |
| 2008 | Andrew Lindsay | "The God of Morphine" |
| 2008 | Dmetri Kakmi | Motherland |
| 2009 | Maggie MacKellar | "Anatomy of a Grief" -- published as When It Rains: A Memoir |
| 2010 | Lily Chan | Toyo |
| 2011 | Robyn Davidson | "Self-Portrait with Imaginary Mother" -- published as Unfinished Woman |
| 2012 | Helen Ennis | Olive Cotton: A life in photography |
| 2013 | Kim Mahood | Position Doubtful |
| 2014 | Michael Farrell 'The Case of Jong Ah Sing' |
| 2014 | Mark Mordue | Boy On Fire: The Young Nick Cave |
| 2015 | Rebe Taylor | Into the Heart of Tasmania: A Search For Human Antiquity |
| 2016 | Julia Leigh | Avalanche |
| 2017 | Eleanor Hogan | Into the Loneliness: The Unholy Alliance of Ernestine Hill and Daisy Bates |
| 2018 | Cassandra Pybus | Truganini: Journey through the Apocalypse |
| 2019 | Sanaz Fotouhi | Love Marriage in Kabul: A Memoir |
| 2020 | Ellen van Neerven | Personal Score |
| 2021 | Declan Fry | "Justice for Elijah or a Spiritual Dialogue with Ziggy Ramo" |
| 2022 | Dženana Vucic | "A Teleology" |
| 2023 | S.J. Norman | Skin in the Game |
# Berkhout (surname)

Berkhout is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bernard Berkhout (born 1961), Dutch physician and jazz clarinetist
* Christine Marie Berkhout (1893–1932), Dutch mycologist
* Guus Berkhout (born 1940), Dutch engineer
* Lobke Berkhout (born 1980), Dutch sailor
* Nina Berkhout (born 1975), Canadian novelist and poet