OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Potential (disambiguation)

Potential generally refers to a currently unrealized ability, in a wide variety of fields from physics to the social sciences.

## Mathematics and physics

* Scalar potential, a scalar field whose gradient is a given vector field
* Vector potential, a vector field whose curl is a given vector field
* Potential function (disambiguation)
* Potential variable (Boolean differential calculus)
* Potential energy, the energy possessed by an object because of its position relative to other objects, stresses within itself, its electric charge, or other factors
* Magnetic vector potential
* Magnetic scalar potential (ψ)
* Electric potential, the amount of work needed to move a unit positive charge from a reference point to a specific point inside the field without producing any acceleration
* Electromagnetic four-potential, a relativistic vector function from which the electromagnetic field can be derived
* Coulomb potential
* Van der Waals force, distance-dependent interactions between atoms or molecules
* Lennard-Jones potential, a mathematical model that approximates the interaction between a pair of neutral atoms or molecules.
* Yukawa potential, a potential in particle physics which may arise from the exchange of a massive scalar field
* Gravitational potential

## Biology

* Action potential, occurs when the membrane potential of a specific axon location rapidly rises and falls: this depolarisation then causes adjacent locations to similarly depolarise
* Membrane potential, the difference in electric potential between the interior and the exterior of a biological cell. With respect to the exterior of the cell, typical values of membrane potential range from –40 mV to –80 mV
* Water potential, the potential energy of water per unit volume relative to pure water in reference conditions

## Linguistics

* Potential mood

## Popular culture

* "Potential" (Buffy the Vampire Slayer), an episode of a television series
* Potential and new Slayers, characters in Buffy the Vampire Slayer
* Potential (song), a song by Danielle Bradbery on her album, I Don't Believe We've Met

## Philosophy and society

* Potentiality and actuality, a "possibility" that a thing can be said to have
* Human Potential Movement, a social movement which asserts that all people have extraordinary untapped potential capacities
# Louisiana Office of Alcohol and Tobacco Control

The Office of Alcohol and Tobacco Control is a Louisiana state government agency that regulates the alcoholic beverage and tobacco industries. The Office places emphasis on combating underage purchasing and drinking of alcohol and tobacco.
The current Commissioner of the Office of Alcohol and Tobacco Control is Juana Marine-Lombard who was appointed on December 16, 2015, by Governor John Bel Edwards.
# Louise de Coligny-Châtillon

Louise de Coligny-Châtillon (1881–1963) was a French aviator.

## Biography

* This French biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This biographical article related to aviation is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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* e
# Braquenié et Cie

Braquenié et Cie was a French fabric designer and manufacturer. The company was founded in 1823.

## History

The company was founded in 1823 by Pierre-Antoine Doineau and his wife Louise-Desirée Doineau. Around 1840 the company opened a factory at Aubusson, France. In 1842 the company renamed itself Demy-Doineau et Braquenié, Manufacture Royale de Tapis et de Tapisserie. Two years later, Demy-Doineau et Braquenié exhibited at the French Industrial Exposition of 1844 in Paris.
In 1858 the brothers Alexandre and Charles-Henri Braquenié took over the company, renaming it Braquenié frères; In 1873 this was changed to Braquenié et Cie. In 1898 the company purchased land and a former fabric factory in Felletin, France.
Its clients included the Kings Louis-Philippe, Napoléon III and his wife Eugénie, the family Rothschild and the Vatican.
Examples of their work are included in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York and the National Gallery of Art, Washington.

## Closure

The factory at Felletin closed in 1958 or 1959. Its factories at Malines and d'Aubusson closed in 1987 and 1990, respectively. In 1991 the company and its designs were acquired by Pierre Frey.
# Praiyunpata

Bijuwa is a Village of Jaimini Municipality Nepal Former ward no. By 1 & 9 of Paiyunthanthap village development committee, in Baglung District, in the Dhaulagiri Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 2019 A.D. it had a population of 1101 and had 211 houses in the town.
# Brains-sur-les-Marches

Brains-sur-les-Marches (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Mayenne department in northwestern France.
# Love in May

Love in May (German: Liebe im Mai) is a 1928 Austrian silent film directed by Robert Wohlmuth and starring Wolf Albach-Retty, Betty Astor and Igo Sym. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Artur Berger and Emil Stepanek.

## Cast

In alphabetical order
* Wolf Albach-Retty
* Betty Astor
* Oscar Beregi Sr.
* Eugen Guenther
* Hanni Hoess
* Hans Junkermann
* Igo Sym
* Hugo Thimig
# Brateș (river)

The Brateș is a left tributary of the river Tarcău in Romania. It discharges into the Tarcău near the village Brateș. Its length is 18 km (11 mi).
# Lovers (song)

"Lovers" is the second single by the Tears from their debut album Here Come the Tears, released on 27 June 2005 on Independiente Records. The title track was originally slated to be a B-side for the album's first single, "Refugees", until the record label pushed the band to put it on the album (consequently pushing the album release date back from 2 May to 6 June) and subsequently made it a single. It reached number 24 in the UK Singles Chart.
As with previous single "Refugees", "Lovers" was warmly received by critics. Tim Lee of musicOMH, wrote that the song is "an upbeat, soaring, epic number that's somewhat like "Yes" by McAlmont and some guy called Butler. It's rather spectacularly good. And just think, if they'd done it five years ago, people might have actually cared."

## Track listings
### 7"

* "Lovers" (single version)
* "Because You're Worthless"

### CD1

* "Lovers" (single version)
* "Song for the Migrant Worker"

### CD2

* "Lovers" (single version)
* "Low-Life"
* "The Primitive"
* "Lovers" (video)
# Brazilian ship Barroso

There have been at least two vessels that have served with the Brazilian Navy named Barroso, after Francisco Manuel Barroso, Baron of Amazonas:
* Brazilian ironclad Barroso, an armoured gunboat built in the mid-1860s, decommissioned in 1882, and scrapped in 1937
* Brazilian corvette Barroso (V34), a 2002 corvette, the lead ship of its class
# Lower Nihotupu Reservoir

The Lower Nihotupu Reservoir (or Lower Nihotupu Dam) is one of five reservoirs in the Waitākere Ranges that supply water to Auckland. Built between 1945 and 1948, the reservoir covers an area of 52.9 hectares and has a capacity of 4.6 million cubic metres. The reservoir is managed by Watercare Services, a council-owned company.

## History

The dam is located at Paruroa, near the site of the military base of the Te Taoū hapū (subtribe) of Ngāti Whātua, who were warring with Te Waiohua, the dominant force in Tāmaki Makaurau in the early 18th century. Years of conflict culminated in the early 1740s, when Kiwi Tāmaki, the ariki of Waiohua, was defeated at Paruroa, leading to Ngāti Whātua becoming the main political force on Tāmaki Makaurau. Te-Rangi-hinganga-tahi, the final battle between the two forces, took place around the reservoir and Parau to the south.
Earlier projects such as the Upper Nihotupu Reservoir and the Waitākere Reservoir were completed earlier in the 20th century, after a more consistent water source for Auckland was needed. The Lower Nihotupu project became urgent due to the very dry summer of 1942/3, as well as increased water use by the United States Armed Forces personnel stationed in Auckland during World War II. The dam is credited as one of the first applied examples of the soil mechanics science in New Zealand, and was soon followed by the creating of engineering geology as a major subject at the University of Auckland Faculty of Engineering.

## Recreation and access

A walking track called Pipeline Road is found to the north of the reservoir, which includes numerous lookout points where the reservoir can be viewed from.
# Laurens W. Molenkamp

Laurens W. Molenkamp (born 4 August 1956) is a professor of physics and Chair of Experimental Physics at the University of Würzburg. He is known for his work on semiconductor structures and topological insulators.

## Biography

Laurens W. Molenkamp is an experimental condensed matter physicist. He received his Ph.D. in physical chemistry from the University of Groningen, and spent several years first with Philips Research Laboratories in Eindhoven and then as Associate Professor at the RWTH in Aachen. He came to the University of Würzburg in 1999 and is now the Chair of Experimental Physics III and leads the II-VI MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) unit. His research interests include quantum transport in nanostructures, semiconductor spintronics, and optical spectroscopy of semiconductors. He was a co-recipient of the American Physical Society 2012 Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize for his experimental observation of the quantum spin Hall effect, opening up the field of topological insulators. Since 2012, he has been the Editor of the physics journal Physical Review B. He was a 2013 Physics Frontiers Prize laureate (shortlisted for the Fundamental Physics Prize). Thomson Reuters included him on their annual prediction shortlist for the 2014 Nobel Prize for Physics for his experimental research, with Charles L. Kane and Shoucheng Zhang, on the quantum spin Hall effect and topological insulators.

## Honors

* Fellow, American Physical Society
* 2010 Europhysics Prize
* 2012 Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize
* 2013 Physics Frontiers Prize laureate (shortlisted for the Fundamental Physics Prize)
* 2013 Foreign membership of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
* 2014 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize
* 2017 Stern-Gerlach Medal
* 2017 King Faisal International Prize
* 2018 Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
# Benjamin Taylor (Australian politician)

Benjamin Taylor (c. 1843 – 31 December 1886) was an accountant and politician in the colony of South Australia.
He arrived in South Australia with his father in 1855 and attended St. Peter's College then worked as accountant for one of the big Adelaide firms, then for his father's fellmongery business in Thebarton, which became Taylor Bros., (Benjamin Taylor, Joseph Taylor and William Haigh Taylor). Taylor's Bridge (where John Street, now South Road, crossed the Torrens) was named for their business. The company was a major employer in the area, but also a malodorous polluter of the Torrens, along with similar companies Bean Brothers, W. Peacock & Sons and their successors G. H. Michell & Sons, W. H. Burford & Sons, Crompton and Sons and others.
He was the first mayor of the Town of Hindmarsh, then of the Town of Thebarton when it became a separate entity. He was for 20 years choirmaster of the Anglican All Saints' Church, Hindmarsh, and with his brothers donated the McKenzie organ to that church in 1881.
He was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly for the seat of West Torrens from February 1875 to September 1876.
Taylor Bros. declared insolvency in 1884; Benjamin came in for particular criticism for having made false representations to the bank.
He died of peritonitis at Robe on 31 December 1886(1886-12-31) (aged 43). His wife Jessie Louisa (c. 1842 – 7 December 1886) had died only three weeks previously.
# Boris Avilov

Boris Vasilievich Avilov (1874–1938) was a Russian Marxist who left the Bolsheviks as he did not go along with their support for Lenin. He joined Vladimir Bazarov, Gavriil Lindov and others to form the United Social-Democrat Internationalists. They set out to bring together the Menshevik-Internationalists with the more moderate Bolsheviks into a new group. Despite always being very small, the group wielded a certain influence through the editorial line of their widely-read newspaper Novaya zhizn in 1917–18. At the Second All-Russia Congress of Soviets in October 1917 the group remained at the congress although the Mensheviks and Socialist-Revolutionaries walked out in protest over the Bolshevik seizure of power.
# Robert Schumann House

Robert Schumann House is a museum in Zwickau in Germany. The composer Robert Schumann was born here in 1810; it now houses a large collection relating to the composer.

## Background

Three years before the composer was born, Schumann's family moved to Zwickau, from Ronneburg, Thuringia, where his siblings had been born. In Zwickau August Schumann, the composer's father, founded a bookstore with his brother, who was already living there. There was a school with a good reputation in the town (later named the Lyzeum) for the Schumann sons. Robert Schumann attended this school from 1820 until 1828; in that year he moved to Leipzig to study law.

## Details

The Robert Schumann House, consisting of a museum, concert hall and research centre, was opened in 1956. There is a large collection relating to Robert Schumann.
The concert hall seats 140; sometimes the historic pianos from the museum are used here. The collection of pianos, all manufactured in the 19th century, includes a grand piano commissioned by Friedrich Wieck for his daughter Clara (later the composer's wife), on which she gave her concert debut, aged nine, at the Leipzig Gewandhaus.
The permanent exhibition is in eight rooms, each room dealing with a particular period in Schumann's life. The exhibition displays a selection of the archives, which include handwritten scores, first editions and a collection of paintings and early photographs. The archives also contain about 300 letters by Robert Schumann and more than 2,000 letters by Clara Schumann; also Robert Schumann's letter indexes, in which he recorded letters he wrote and received.
# Douglas Watkinson

Douglas Watkinson is an English novelist, playwright and screenwriter, specializing in crime and mystery. His books feature the hard-bitten, soft-centred Nathan Hawk, a police officer who was 'required to retire' and now works as a private detective. Known for his wit and fiery temper, Hawk is on his seventh case. The first six books are entitled Haggard Hawk, Easy Prey, Scattered Remains, Evil Turn, Jericho Road, and White Crane.

## Career

Watkinson has written hundreds of scripts for television, contributing to Lovejoy, Boon, Juliet Bravo, Agatha Christie's Poirot and Midsomer Murders. He also wrote the daytime drama For Maddie with Love. In 1984 he created the short-lived sitcom The New Statesman starring Windsor Davies. He has written four stage plays: Let's Do It My Way, Caesar and Me, The Dragon's Tail and The Wall

## Background and personal life

Watkinson was born into an army family and his father served throughout World War II and beyond. He was killed in Palestine by The Stern Gang in 1947. His death is the inspiration for Watkinson's play The Wall, in which a middle aged man visits a military cemetery in Ramleh, Israel and meets a young British soldier who turns out to be his father. Educated at Haberdashers' Aske's, Watkinson later attended East 15 Acting School, where his first plays were performed.

## Writing

Watkinson began his career writing the backs of record sleeves for Decca and at the same time he bombarded television companies with plays. The first to be produced was a thirty-minute two-hander called Click, starring Ray Brooks and John Paul. Since then, he has never been out of work. He was the script writer for several BBC series, most notably Z-Cars, Howard's Way and The Brothers. His favourite work has been Midsomer Murders, Boon (for which he wrote the establishing episode), Lovejoy, Forever Green and Maybury (which was Kenneth Branagh's first on-screen appearance).
# Michael Luck

Michael Luck may refer to:
* Michael Laucke (born 1947), Canadian classical and flamenco guitarist
* Michael Luck (computer scientist), British computer scientist
* Micheal Luck (born 1982), Australian professional rugby league player
# Mir-535 microRNA precursor family

In molecular biology mir-535 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.
# Carp River (Ottawa)

The Carp River is a river in the city of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is 42 kilometres (26 miles) long and its watershed drains an area of approximately 306 km$^2$ spread across Stittsville, Kanata, and West Carleton-March. The headwaters originate as the upper Carp River (also called Carp Creek), which runs southwest from Appaloosa Park under Eagleson Road through Glen Cairn where it empties into the marshes and storm water ponds south of the Canadian Tire Centre. From there it flows north through West Carleton-March into the Ottawa River at Fitzroy Harbour. The Carp River has four major tributaries: Poole Creek, Feedmill Creek, Huntley Creek, and Corkery Creek. The watershed is administered by the Mississippi Valley Conservation Authority.
The Carp River likely takes its name from the abundance of native sucker fish (White Sucker - Catostomos commersonii) found in the river by early European explorers or settlers. The French name for sucker fish is carpe and the native suckers bear some resemblance to the common European Carp (Cyprinus carpio), especially around the mouth. They prefer the shallow, warm, slow moving waters of the Carp River and inhabit the river today, along with introduced European Carp.
In the spring there is enough run-off water from melting ice that the Carp River becomes a whitewater paddling site. The put-in is beside a bridge (crossing the river) on Carp Road between Kinburn Side Road and Galetta Side Road. The whitewater is class 2 to 3 and excellent for kayaking and canoeing.

## Carp River restoration

Planning and analysis for this initiative has been underway since 2000 and involves numerous stormwater, sanitary, transportation, and waterflow projects. The Carp River Restoration Plan will enhance the river with a narrower low flow channel that improves sediment transport, vegetation along the river banks, and habitat features such as fish habitat pools and wetlands. The project is expected to be complete by 2021.
# Cascais Women's Pro Portugal 2015

The Cascais Women's Pro Portugal 2015 was an event organized by the Association of Surfing Professionals for the 2015 ASP World Tour. This event was held from 22 to 28 September at Cascais, (Portugal) and was contested by 18 surfers.
The tournament was won by C. Conlogue (USA), who beat Lakey Peterson (USA) in final.

## Round 1

| Heat 1 1 Alessa Quizon 11.44 2 T. Weston-Webb 10.17 3 Lakey Peterson 9.77 | Heat 2 1 Malia Manuel 12.13 2 B. Buitendag 12.06 3 Laura Enever 8.40 | Heat 3 1 Carissa Moore 14.83 2 Silvana Lima 7.93 3 Teresa Bonvalot 5.93 |
| Heat 4 1 C. Conlogue 15.00 2 Nikki Van Dijk 11.10 3 Pauline Ado 8.00 | Heat 5 1 Sally Fitzgibbons 11.84 2 Coco Ho 10.30 3 Sage Erickson 9.93 | Heat 6 1 Dimity Stoyle 10.44 2 Johanne Defay 9.50 3 Tyler Wright 8.73 |

## Round 2

| Heat 1 1 T. Weston-Webb 12.40 2 Silvana Lima 7.10 | Heat 2 1 Johanne Defay 12.67 2 Laura Enever 6.73 | Heat 3 1 B. Buitendag 13.00 2 Teresa Bonvalot 7.73 |
| Heat 4 1 Lakey Peterson 10.67 2 Pauline Ado 7.50 | Heat 5 1 Tyler Wright 16.10 2 Sage Erickson 9.16 | Heat 6 1 Nikki Van Dijk 12.60 2 Coco Ho 10.26 |

## Round 3

| Heat 1 1 Alessa Quizon 11.57 2 Lakey Peterson 11.17 3 B. Buitendag 5.00 | Heat 2 1 T. Weston-Webb 12.83 2 Malia Manuel 11.30 3 Carissa Moore 7.77 | Heat 3 2 Nikki Van Dijk 9.17 3 Johanne Defay 11.40 1 Nikki Van Dijk 9.84 | Heat 4 1 Sally Fitzgibbons 12.20 2 Tyler Wright 9.90 3 Dimity Stoyle 8.43 |

## Round 4

| Heat 1 1 Lakey Peterson 9.33 2 Carissa Moore 7.73 | Heat 2 1 Malia Manuel 15.54 2 B. Buitendag 15.00 | Heat 3 1 C. Conlogue 12.50 2 Dimity Stoyle 11.66 | Heat 4 1 Johanne Defay 16.23 2 Tyler Wright 10.34 |

## Quarter finals

| Heat 1 1 Lakey Peterson 9.80 1 Alessa Quizon 11.04 | Heat 2 1 T. Weston-Webb 12.00 2 Malia Manuel 8.73 | Heat 3 1 C. Conlogue 17.90 2 Nikki Van Dijk 15.17 | Heat 4 1 Sally Fitzgibbons 16.43 2 Johanne Defay 13.67 |

## Semi finals

| Heat 1 1 Lakey Peterson 12.60 2 T. Weston-Webb 10.34 | Heat 2 1 C. Conlogue 11.30 2 Sally Fitzgibbons 11.17 |

## Final

Heat 1
1
C. Conlogue
16.10
2
Lakey Peterson
12.34 :
# Casaccia, Graubünden

Casaccia is a village located in the Val Bregaglia, in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. It lies at an altitude of 1,458 metres above sea level, at the southern foot of Piz Lunghin. The village belongs to the municipality of Bregaglia.
# Carthamus creticus

Carthamus creticus is a plant species in the family Asteraceae, related to safflower.
It is native to the Mediterranean region including Europe (Spain, Portugal, France, Britain, Italy, Greece, Malta, Serbia, Bosnia, etc.), North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Libya) and southwestern Asia (Turkey, Palestine, Cyprus). It is also naturalized in New Zealand and California.
# 2016 Columbus Challenger 2

The 2016 Columbus Challenger 2 was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Columbus, United States between 21 and 27 November 2016.

## Singles main draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| USA | Taylor Fritz | 70 | 1 |
| USA | Rajeev Ram | 129 | 2 |
| SUI | Henri Laaksonen | 141 | 3 |
| USA | Stefan Kozlov | 141 | 4 |
| USA | Mitchell Krueger | 211 | 5 |
| USA | Tennys Sandgren | 232 | 6 |
| USA | Austin Krajicek | 235 | 7 |
| IRL | Sam Barry | 284 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of November 14, 2016.

### Other entrants

The following players received entry into the singles main draw as wildcards:
* Hugo Di Feo
* Martin Joyce
* Herkko Pöllänen
* John McNally
The following players received entry as alternates:
* Kevin King
* Austin Krajicek
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* JC Aragone
* Hunter Callahan
* Aron Hiltzik
* Strong Kirchheimer
The following player received entry as a lucky loser:
* Luke Bambridge

## Champions
### Singles

* Stefan Kozlov def. Tennys Sandgren 6–1, 2–6, 6–2.

### Doubles

* David O'Hare / Joe Salisbury def. Luke Bambridge / Cameron Norrie, 6–3, 6–4.
# Marcela Torres Peimbert

María Marcela Torres Peimbert (born 7 October 1961) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PAN. She currently serves as Senator of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Querétaro. She also served as Deputy during the LXI Legislature.
# Mapoteng

Mapoteng is a community council located in the Berea District of Lesotho. Its population in 2006 was 23,926.

## Villages

The community of Mapoteng includes the villages of:

## Healthcare

Maluti Adventist Hospital, established in 1951, is a 150-bed hospital.