OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Penis fencing

Penis fencing is a mating behavior engaged in by many species of flatworm, such as Pseudobiceros hancockanus. Species which engage in the practice are hermaphroditic; each individual has both egg-producing ovaries and sperm-producing testes.
The flatworms "fence" using extendable two-headed dagger-like stylets. These stylets are pointed (and in some species hooked) in order to pierce their mate's epidermis and inject sperm into the haemocoel in an act known as intradermal hypodermic insemination, or traumatic insemination. Pairs can either compete, with only one individual transferring sperm to the other, or the pair can transfer sperm bilaterally. Both forms of sperm transfer can occur in the same species, depending on various factors.

## Unilateral sperm transfer

One organism will inseminate the other, with the inseminating individual being the father. The sperm is absorbed through pores or sometimes wounds in the skin from the partner's stylet, causing fertilization in the other, who becomes the mother. The battle may last for up to an hour in some species.
Parturition, while necessary for successful offspring production, requires a considerable parental investment in time and energy, and according to Bateman's principle, almost always burdens the mother. Thus, from an optimality model it is usually preferable for an organism to inseminate than to be inseminated. However, in many species that engage in this form of copulatory competition, each father will continue to fence with other partners until it is inseminated. In Alderia modesta, individuals will store sperm from several "fencing matches" before laying their eggs, and smaller individuals will more often inseminate a larger partner, with larger individuals spending more energy on laying eggs when paired with a smaller partner on the occasion that they transfer sperm unilaterally.
In the absence of potential mates, some species such as Neobenedenia melleni are capable of reproducing through self-insemination.

## Bilateral sperm transfer

Commonly, many hermaphroditic species mutually inseminate, or trade sperm, rather than compete, Chelidonura sandrana as an example. The tiger flatworm, Maritigrella crozieri, also transfers sperm bilaterally. In many species that engage in bilateral insemination, sperm trading is conditional. If one partner "cheats", and does not transfer sperm, the other partner will either prematurely abandon the partner, or will engage in typical mating behavior without transferring sperm. Other species will alternate which partner transfers sperm, engaging in multiple bouts of fencing with the same partner over time. In A. modesta, bilateral sperm transfer is the most common, especially in similarly sized mate pairs.

## Other uses

The term is also applied, usually informally, to homosexual activity between two males among bonobos; same-sex genital-genital rubbing is used in bonobo society to cement bonds, reduce conflict, and express communal excitement over food. Several whale species also engage in penis fencing.
# Piston van Wyk

Jacobus Frederick Beatrix 'Piston' van Wyk (born 21 December 1943) is a former South African rugby union player.

## Playing career

Van Wyk played most of his provincial rugby in South Africa with Northern Transvaal and also played one season with Natal. He made his test debut for the Springboks in 1970 against New Zealand at Loftus Versfeld in Pretoria and played in all four tests during the series against the touring All Blacks. In 1971 he played in the test series against France and Australia and in 1972, he was the hooker in the losing test against England at Ellis Park. He then played three tests against the 1974 British Lions and two tests against the 1976 All Blacks. He also played four tour matches for the Springboks.

### Test history

| No. | Opponents | Results (SA 1st) | Position | Dates | Venue |
| 1. | New Zealand | 17–6 | Hooker | 25 July 1970 | Loftus Versfeld, Pretoria |
| 2. | New Zealand | 8–9 | Hooker | 8 August 1970 | Newlands, Cape Town |
| 3. | New Zealand | 14–3 | Hooker | 29 August 1970 | Boet Erasmus Stadium, Port Elizabeth |
| 4. | New Zealand | 20–17 | Hooker | 12 September 1970 | Ellis Park, Johannesburg |
| 5. | France | 22–9 | Hooker | 12 June 1971 | Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein |
| 6. | France | 8–8 | Hooker | 19 June 1971 | Kings Park, Durban |
| 7. | Australia | 19–11 | Hooker | 17 July 1971 | Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney |
| 8. | Australia | 14–6 | Hooker | 31 July 1971 | Brisbane Exhibition Ground, Brisbane |
| 9. | Australia | 18–6 | Hooker | 7 August 1971 | Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney |
| 10. | England | 9–18 | Hooker | 3 June 1972 | Ellis Park, Johannesburg |
| 11. | British Lions | 3–12 | Hooker | 8 June 1974 | Newlands, Cape Town |
| 12. | British Lions | 9–26 | Hooker | 13 July 1974 | Boet Erasmus Stadium, Port Elizabeth |
| 13. | British Lions | 13–13 | Hooker | 27 July 1974 | Ellis Park, Johannesburg |
| 14. | New Zealand | 15–10 | Hooker | 4 September 1976 | Newlands, Cape Town |
| 15. | New Zealand | 15–14 | Hooker | 18 September 1976 | Ellis Park, Johannesburg |
# Akurmi people

The Akurmi people (Hausa: Kurama), are an ethnic group in Kaduna and Kano States which speaks the T'kurmi language, an East Kainji language of Nigeria.

## History

The Akurmi people, a friendly people who practice subsistence farming were said to have settled in Kaduna State about 600 years ago.

## Religion

The Akurmi are reportedly predominantly Christian, numbering 88.0% (with Independents at 30.0%, Protestants 50.0% and Roman Catholics 20.0%). The remaining being adherents of Ethnic religion, 6.0% and Islam, 6.0%.

## Kingship

The Akurmi are found in Akurmi (Kurama) Chiefdom in Lere Local Government Area. Their paramount ruler is called B'gwam Kurmi or "B'gwam Akurmi". The current monarch, HRH Dr. Ishaku S. Damina, B'gwam Kurmi II was reportedly detained by the Kaduna State governor in 2017. They are also found in Saminaka Chiefdom in the same area.
# Burmahan, Manavgat

Burmahan is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Manavgat, Antalya Province, Turkey. Its population is 483 (2022).
# Popilius

Popilius may refer to:
* the nomen of the Roman gens Popillia.
* Popilius (genus) a genus of beetles in the family Passalidae
# Tovonanahary Rabetsitonta

Tovonanahary Rabetsitonta (born April 3, 1949, in Ambovombe) is a current Malagasy politician. He is a member of the Senate of Madagascar for Analamanga, and is a member of the Groupe de Réflexion et d'Action pour le Développement de Madagascar party.
# PA2G4

Proliferation-associated protein 2G4 (PA2G4) also known as ErbB3-binding protein 1 (EBP1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PA2G4 gene.

## Function

This gene encodes an RNA-binding protein that is involved in growth regulation. This protein is present in pre-ribosomal ribonucleoprotein complexes and may be involved in ribosome assembly and the regulation of intermediate and late steps of rRNA processing. This protein can interact with the cytoplasmic domain of the ErbB3 receptor and may contribute to transducing growth regulatory signals. This protein is also a transcriptional corepressor of androgen receptor-regulated genes and other cell cycle regulatory genes through its interactions with histone deacetylases. This protein has been implicated in growth inhibition and the induction of differentiation of human cancer cells. Paradoxically, the expression of EBP1 is decreased in prostate cancer, but increased in Acute Myelogneous Leukemia. Six pseudogenes, located on chromosomes 3, 6, 9, 18, 20 and X, have been identified.

## Interactions

PA2G4 has been shown to interact with ERBB3, retinoblastoma protein, and androgen receptor.
# Penny Mobs

The Penny Mobs was the names used by the press to describe the early street gang active in Glasgow, Scotland during the early 1870s. As the court system offered heavy fines as an alternative to imprisonment, gang members were often freed after a collection from the gang at a "penny a head" thus earning its name.
The Penny Mobs, like their New York City counterparts, were among many gangs which formed following a large scale migration of Irish immigrants fleeing Ireland during the potato famines of the 1840s and 1850s. One of these gangs, the Ribbon Men, were reported to have blown up a gas holder in Tradeston in 1883.
Although the gangs declined after courts no longer offered fines for offenders, the smaller gangs eventually banded together for mutual protection which gave rise to the prominent gangs of the early 20th century such as The Tongs, the Billy Boys, the Norman Conks, The Tois, The Govans, the Powery Gang, the Soo-Siders, the Rednecks, the Baltic Fleet, the Black Diamond Gang, the Black Hands, the Nudes, the Ruchill Boys and the belters.
* This article related to law in Scotland is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article related to Glasgow, Scotland, is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Pistone

Pistone is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alessandro Pistone (born 1975), Italian footballer
* Anita Pistone (born 1976), Italian sprinter
* Chase Pistone (born 1983), American racing driver
* Danièle Pistone (born 1946), French musicologist and professor
* Joseph D. Pistone (born 1939), American FBI agent and writer
* Pete Pistone (born 1964), American motorsports journalist and commentator
* Tom Pistone (born 1929), American racing driver
# Al Smith (playwright)

Al Smith is a British writer.
Plays for theatre include Harrogate (HighTide Festival / Royal Court Theatre), Diary of a Madman (Traverse Theatre / Gate Theatre), The Astronaut Wives Club (Soho Theatre), Radio (Underbelly / 59E59), Enola (Underbelly) and Rare Earth Mettle (Royal Court).
For television he participated in the 2006 Writers Academy at the BBC and subsequently became part of the regular writing team on Holby City and EastEnders. Between 2008 and 2011 he Co-Created and Co-Exec Produced The Cut, which ran to three series on BBC2.
Plays for BBC Radio include Radio, The Postman of Good Hope, Life in the Freezer, Everyday Time Machines, Dangerous Visions: Culture, Life Lines and All Bleeding Stops Eventually.
Awards include the inaugural BFI/Wellcome Trust Screenwriting Prize for his screenplay "HalfLife" and for his radio series Life Lines he won an Audio Drama Award, a BBC Radio Award and Gold at the 2017 ARIAS.
He is represented by United Agents.
# MFC 17

MFC 17: Hostile Takeover was a mixed martial arts event held by the Maximum Fighting Championship (MFC) on July 25, 2008, in Enoch, Alberta.

## Background

Ryan Ford was expected to face Joe Jordan for the vacant MFC Welterweight title, but Jordan was sidelined due to a back injury. Pat Healy stepped in to replace Joe Jordan.

## Fight Card

* ↑ For the MFC Welterweight Championship
# 2000 Egypt Cup final

2000 Egypt Cup Final, was the final match of the 1999–2000 Egypt Cup, when Ismaily played Al Mokawloon Al Arab at Cairo International Stadium in Cairo.
Ismaily won the game 4–0, claiming the cup for the 2nd time.

## Route to the final

| Ismaily | Ismaily | Round | Al Mokawloon Al Arab | Al Mokawloon Al Arab |
| Opponent | Result | 1999–2000 Egypt Cup | Opponent | Result |
| Shoban Qena | 2–0 | Round of 32 | Geish | 2–1 |
| Aluminium | 2–1 | Round of 16 | Dina Farms | 0–0 (4–3 p) |
| Mansoura | 2–1 | Quarterfinals | Olympi | 3–1 |
| Ahly | 4–2 | Semi-finals | Zamalek | 2–1 |

## Game description
### Match details

| Ismaily | Al Mokawloon Al Arab |
Ismaily: :
| GK | | Abelkader El Brazi |
| RB | | Emad El-Nahhas |
| CB | | Ayman Ramadan |
| CB | | Reda Seka |
| LB | | Islam El-Shater |
| CM | | Sayed Moawad |
| CM | | Mohamed Hommos |
| RW | | Hamam Ibrahim |
| AM | | Mohamed Barakat |
| LW | | Ayman El Gamal | 46' |
| CF | | John Utaka |
| Substitutions: |||
| DF | | Mohamed Younis | ?' |
| CF | 10 | Mohamed Abo Greisha | 46' |
| Manager: |||
| Mohsen Saleh |||
Al Mokawloon Al Arab: :
| GK | Tarek Soliman |
| RB | Mostafa Marin |
| CB | Mahmoud El-Aref |
| CB | Ramy Hanafy |
| LB | Haytham Hussein |
| CM | Mohamed Ouda |
| CM | Alaa Abdel-Ghany |
| RW | Tamer Mostafa |
| AM | Mohamed Adel |
| LW | Said Saad |
| CF | Sameh Youssef |
| Substitutions: |||
| CM | Mamdouh Abdel Hayi | ?' |
| MF | Mazhar Abdel Rahman | ?' |
| Manager: |||
| Mohamed Radwan |||
* Man of the Match:
* Assistant referees:
* Fourth official:
# Brun sieve

In the field of number theory, the Brun sieve (also called Brun's pure sieve) is a technique for estimating the size of "sifted sets" of positive integers which satisfy a set of conditions which are expressed by congruences. It was developed by Viggo Brun in 1915 and later generalized to the fundamental lemma of sieve theory by others.

## Description

In terms of sieve theory the Brun sieve is of combinatorial type; that is, it derives from a careful use of the inclusion–exclusion principle.
Let $A$ be a finite set of positive integers. Let $P$ be some set of prime numbers.
For each prime $p$ in $P$, let $A_{p}$ denote the set of elements of $A$ that are divisible by $p$. This notation can be extended to other integers $d$ that are products of distinct primes in $P$. In this case, define $A_{d}$ to be the intersection of the sets $A_{p}$ for the prime factors $p$ of $d$. Finally, define $A_{1}$ to be $A$ itself.
Let $z$ be an arbitrary positive real number. The object of the sieve is to estimate: $S(A,P,z)={\biggl \vert }A\setminus \bigcup _{p\in P \atop p\leq z}A_{p}{\biggr \vert },$
where the notation $|X|$ denotes the cardinality of a set $X$, which in this case is just its number of elements. Suppose in addition that $|A_{d}|$ may be estimated by $\left\vert A_{d}\right\vert ={\frac {w(d)}{d}}|A|+R_{d},$ where $w$ is some multiplicative function, and $R_{d}$ is some error function. Let $W(z)=\prod _{p\in P \atop p\leq z}\left(1-{\frac {w(p)}{p}}\right).$

### Brun's pure sieve

This formulation is from Cojocaru & Murty, Theorem 6.1.2. With the notation as above, suppose that
* $|R_{d}|\leq w(d)$ for any squarefree $d$ composed of primes in $P$;
* $w(p)<C$ for all $p$ in $P$;
* There exist constants $C,D,E$ such that, for any positive real number $z$, $\sum _{p\in P \atop p\leq z}{\frac {w(p)}{p}}<D\log \log z+E.$
Then $S(A,P,z)=X\cdot W(z)\cdot \left({1+O\left((\log z)^{-b\log b}\right)}\right)+O\left(z^{b\log \log z}\right)$
where $X$ is the cardinal of $A$, $b$ is any positive integer and the $O$ invokes big O notation. In particular, letting $x$ denote the maximum element in $A$, if $\log z<c\log x/\log \log x$ for a suitably small $c$, then $S(A,P,z)=X\cdot W(z)(1+o(1)).$

## Applications

* Brun's theorem: the sum of the reciprocals of the twin primes converges;
* Schnirelmann's theorem: every even number is a sum of at most $C$ primes (where $C$ can be taken to be 6);
* There are infinitely many pairs of integers differing by 2, where each of the member of the pair is the product of at most 9 primes;
* Every even number is the sum of two numbers each of which is the product of at most 9 primes.
The last two results were superseded by Chen's theorem, and the second by Goldbach's weak conjecture ($C=3$).
# Tovomitopsis

Tovomitopsis is a genus of flowering plant in the family Clusiaceae.
Some species have been synonymized to the genus Chrysochlamys.

## Species

* Tovomitopsis allenii
* Tovomitopsis angustifolia
* Tovomitopsis centistaminibus
* Tovomitopsis colombiana
* Tovomitopsis costaricana
* Tovomitopsis croatii
* Tovomitopsis faucis
* Tovomitopsis glauca
* Tovomitopsis guatemaltecana
* Tovomitopsis macrophylla
* Tovomitopsis membranacea
* Tovomitopsis membrillensis
* Tovomitopsis micrantha
* Tovomitopsis multiflora
* Tovomitopsis myrcioides
* Tovomitopsis nicaraguensis
* Tovomitopsis paniculata
* Tovomitopsis psychotriaefolia
* Tovomitopsis psychotriifolia
* Tovomitopsis saldanhae
* Tovomitopsis silvicola
* Tovomitopsis spruceana
* Tovomitopsis standleyana
# Ebacher (surname)

Ebacher is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Joseph P. Ebacher (1921–1974), American educator and founder of the Ebacher Method of foreign language learning
* Roger Ébacher, current archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gatineau
# Bang! (band)

Bang! are a British happy hardcore group from the late 1990s originally consisting of producer Nick Arnold, Tom Orton and female vocalist Donna Grassie. Nick Arnold and Tom Orton had previously been a members of the band Smart E's, who reached 2 in the UK in 1992 with their cover of the theme tune to Sesame Street entitled Sesame's Treat. After the release of "Cloudy Daze" which featured Donna, Tom Orton brought Jo James to the attention of Nick after a contact of Tom's, Jo's husband, presented to him a demo of his wife singing.
After "Cloudy Daze", Tom left Bang! to work with other artists including Jack Speed and Kriminal, and Nick and Jo went on to have enormous success with "Shooting Star", and then a whole catalogue of vocal hardcore anthems almost all of which written entirely by Nick. Their underground bouncy singles were regularly featured on the Bonkers compilation series.
"Shooting Star" was also featured on the first issue of the Dancemania Speed series and later included on the first greatest hits album of the series and the 2003 happyhardcore-focused compilation of the series. Also three remixes of their songs, "Shooting Star (Ham's Mix)", "Break of Dawn (Brisk Mix)", "Cloudy Daze (Original Bang! Mix)", were included on the 2001 happy hardcore compilation album Happy Ravers.
Nick and Jo were so prolific with their output, that they released under a number of different acts including "Stealth", "Oblivvion" and "Blaze!". Finally, in February 2005, with a whole collection of new remixes, Bang! released their debut album, entitled "Shooting Star".
Their single Shooting Star was covered by trance act Flip & Fill in 2002, who took it to number 3 in the UK charts.
Jo James eventually quit the band but worked with the aforementioned Flip & Fill on their 2003 single I Wanna Dance With Somebody; a cover version of the old Whitney Houston track. and Field of Dreams.
Bang! continues to release under the Warped Science label owned by DJ Al Storm and Euphony.
# Pishin

Pishin may refer to:
# Al Cannava

Anthony Louis Cannava (May 24, 1924 – September 24, 2017) was an American football halfback/defensive back in the National Football League (NFL) who played for the Green Bay Packers. He was born in Medford, Massachusetts and was an all-star running back at Medford High School. He then entered the U.S. Navy in the midst of World War II. In 1944 his ship was sunk by the Japanese and he survived several days at sea before rescue. He was decorated by Franklin Roosevelt for his service. Cannava entered the NFL after playing college ball at Boston College. He played one game for the Packers in the 1950 season, and then retired from professional football. He died on September 24, 2017, at the age of 93.
# 2000 Eastern League season

The 2000 Eastern League season began on approximately April 1 and the regular season ended on approximately September 1.
The New Haven Ravens defeated the Reading Phillies 3 games to 1 to win the Eastern League Championship Series.

## Regular season
### Standings

Eastern League - Northern Division :
| Team | Win | Loss | % | GB |
| Binghamton Mets | 82 | 58 | .586 | – |
| New Haven Ravens | 82 | 60 | .577 | 1.0 |
| Norwich Navigators | 76 | 66 | .535 | 7.0 |
| Portland Sea Dogs | 71 | 70 | .504 | 11.5 |
| Trenton Thunder | 67 | 75 | .472 | 16.0 |
| New Britain Rock Cats | 51 | 91 | .359 | 32.0 |
Eastern League - Southern Division :
| Team | Win | Loss | % | GB |
| Reading Phillies | 85 | 57 | .599 | – |
| Harrisburg Senators | 76 | 67 | .531 | 9.5 |
| Akron Aeros | 75 | 68 | .524 | 10.5 |
| Altoona Curve | 74 | 68 | .521 | 11.0 |
| Bowie Baysox | 65 | 77 | .458 | 20.0 |
| Erie SeaWolves | 47 | 94 | .333 | 37.5 |
Notes:
    Green shade indicates that team advanced to the playoffs
    Bold indicates that team advanced to ELCS
    Italics indicates that team won ELCS

### Statistical league leaders
#### Batting leaders

| Stat | Player | Total |
| AVG | Mike Kinkade (Binghamton Mets and Bowie Baysox) | .358 |
| HR | Adam Hyzdu (Altoona Curve) | 31 |
| RBI | Adam Hyzdu (Altoona Curve) | 106 |
| R | Adam Hyzdu (Altoona Curve) César Crespo (Portland Sea Dogs) | 96 96 |

#### Pitching leaders

| Stat | Player | Total |
| W | Greg Wooten (New Haven Ravens) | 17 |
| ERA | Greg Wooten (New Haven Ravens) | 2.31 |
| SO | Brandon Duckworth (Reading Phillies) | 178 |
| SV | Jerrod Riggan (Binghamton Mets) Domingo Jean (Norwich Navigators) | 28 28 |

## Playoffs
### Divisional Series
#### Northern Division

The New Haven Ravens defeated the Binghamton Mets in the Northern Division playoffs 3 games to 1.

#### Southern Division

The Reading Phillies defeated the Harrisburg Senators in the Southern Division playoffs 3 games to 0.

### Championship Series

The New Haven Ravens defeated the Reading Phillies in the ELCS 3 games to 1.
# Lydia Ainsworth

Lydia Miriam Ainsworth is a Canadian composer, producer and singer based in Toronto. She has released four albums, the Juno-nominated Right From Real, Darling of the Afterglow, Phantom Forest, and Sparkles & Debris.

## Early life and education

Ainsworth was born in Toronto to a singer-songwriter father and a set designer mother. She began learning cello at age 10 and attended the Etobicoke School of the Arts as a teenager. She completed a Bachelor's degree in music composition at McGill University and was named an Emerging Artist by the Canada Council for the Arts in 2008. She moved to New York City to complete a Master's degree in music composition on a grant at New York University.

## Career

Ainsworth began composing for student films while at McGill University, and in 2011 she composed the score for the film The Woods directed by Matthew Lessner. She began recording her first album, Right from Real, in her New York apartment, but completed the album in Toronto. The album was released in September 2014 by Montreal-based independent label Arbutus Records; in 2015 it was a nominee for the Juno Award for the Electronic Album of the Year. In 2016, she was named by CBC Music as one of "6 Canadian female producers you need to know."
Ainsworth released a video, "Afterglow" in February, 2017, in advance of her second album, Darling of the Afterglow, which was released in March that year.
In March 2021, Ainsworth announced her fourth album, Sparkles & Debris, which was released on May 21, 2021.

## Discography

* 2014 - Right from Real
* 2017 - Darling of the Afterglow
* 2019 - Phantom Forest
* 2021 - Sparkles & Debris
# 2016 IIHF World Championship playoff round

The playoff round of the 2016 IIHF World Championship was held from 19 to 22 May 2016. The top four of each preliminary group qualified for the playoff round.

## Qualified teams

| Group | Winners | Runners-up | Third place | Fourth place |
| A | Czech Republic | Russia | Sweden | Denmark |
| B | Finland | Canada | Germany | United States |

## Bracket

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| A1 | Czech Republic | 1 | | | | | | |
| B4 | United States (GWS) | 2 | | | | | | |
| B4 | United States (GWS) | 2 | B2 | Canada | 4 | | | |
| | | | B4 | United States | 3 | | | |
| B2 | Canada | 6 | B4 | United States | 3 | | | |
| A3 | Sweden | 0 | | | | | | |
| A3 | Sweden | 0 | | | | B1 | Finland | 0 |
| | | | | | | B2 | Canada | 2 |
| B1 | Finland | 5 | | | | | | | B2 | Canada | 2 |
| A4 | Denmark | 1 | | | |
| A4 | Denmark | 1 | B1 | Finland | 3 | Bronze medal game | Bronze medal game | Bronze medal game |
| | | | A2 | Russia | 1 |
| A2 | Russia | 4 | A2 | Russia | 1 | A2 | Russia | 7 |
| B3 | Germany | 1 | | | | B4 | United States | 2 |
All times are local (UTC+3).