# 1920 Southern Rhodesian Legislative Council election

Legislative Council elections were held in Southern Rhodesia on 30 April 1920, the seventh elections to the Legislative Council.

## Electoral system

The Legislative Council comprised thirteen elected members, together with six members nominated by the British South Africa Company, and the Administrator of Southern Rhodesia. The Resident Commissioner of Southern Rhodesia, Crawford Douglas Douglas-Jones, also sat on the Legislative Council ex officio but without the right to vote.
An important change in the franchise had been made in 1919 through the Women's Enfranchisement Ordinance, which gave the vote to women on the same basis as men. Married women (except those married under a system of polygamy) qualified under the financial and educational status of their husbands, if they did not possess them in their own right. This brought 3,467 new voters to the lists.
New districts were needed for this election under a provision of the 1914 proclamation that had created the 12 separate districts. The proclamation allowed for an automatic increase of one new district for each increase of 792 voters. The required number had been reached in 1917. The boundary changes that followed left the Eastern district untouched, as well as the four districts in the south-west (Bulawayo District, Bulawayo North, Bulawayo South, and Western).

## Parties

Previous elections to the Legislative Council were contested by individuals standing on their own records. By 1914, although no political parties had been created, the candidates for the Legislative Council had been broadly grouped in two camps, one favouring renewal of the Charter from the British South Africa Company, and the other moves towards full self-government within the Empire.
By 1920 political parties had been formed, largely around these ideas. The Responsible Government Association, headed by Sir Charles Coghlan, sought a form of administrative autonomy within the Empire. They were in alliance with the Rhodesia Labour Party throughout most of the colony. Ranged against them were the Unionists, who advocated Southern Rhodesia joining the Union of South Africa, and a large number of Independent candidates who were generally in support of continuation of the charter from the British South Africa Company.

## Results

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats |
| | Responsible Government Association | 3,245 | 47.97 | 9 |
| | Unionists | 677 | 10.01 | 0 |
| | RLP–RGA alliance | 578 | 8.54 | 2 |
| | Independent Labour | 417 | 6.16 | 1 |
| | Rhodesia Labour Party | 271 | 4.01 | 0 |
| | Independents | 1,577 | 23.31 | 1 |
| Appointed and ex officio members | Appointed and ex officio members | | | 8 |
| Total | Total | 6,765 | 100.00 | 21 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 6,765 | 97.65 | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 163 | 2.35 | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 6,928 | 100.00 | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 11,098 | 62.43 | |
| Source: Willson |||||

### By constituency

| Constituency Electorate and turnout | Candidate | Party | Votes |
| Bulawayo District 788 (59.5%) | Lionel Cripps* | Responsible Government Association | 276 |
| Bulawayo District 788 (59.5%) | Sir Philip Bourchier Sherard Wrey | Unionist | 193 |
| Bulawayo North 1,065 (71.1%) | Sir Charles Patrick John Coghlan* | Responsible Government Association | 529 |
| Bulawayo North 1,065 (71.1%) | Charles Spearman Jobling | Independent | 228 |
| Bulawayo South 903 (61.4%) | Francis Leslie Hadfield | Independent Labour | 417 |
| Bulawayo South 903 (61.4%) | Herbert Thomas Longden | Responsible Government Association | 137 |
| Eastern 1,054 (73.6%) | Ethel Tawse Jollie | Responsible Government Association | 451 |
| Eastern 1,054 (73.6%) | William Matthias Longden | Unionist | 294 |
| Eastern 1,054 (73.6%) | Gerald Fitzmassey Dawson | Independent | 31 |
| Gwelo 785 (66.5%) | William James Boggie | Responsible Government Association | 332 |
| Gwelo 785 (66.5%) | St. Charles Boromeo Gwynn | Unionist | 190 |
| Hartley 726 (57.3%) | James Baillie Macdonald | Responsible Government Association | 316 |
| Hartley 726 (57.3%) | Burton Ireland Collings* | Independent | 100 |
| Marandellas 756 (51.6%) | John McChlery* | Responsible Government Association | 284 |
| Marandellas 756 (51.6%) | Thomas Benjamin Hulley | Independent | 106 |
| Midlands 907 (49.7%) | Walter Douglas Douglas-Jones | Rhodesia Labour Party-Responsible Government Association | 274 |
| Midlands 907 (49.7%) | Herbert Walsh | Rhodesia Labour Party | 177 |
| Northern 1,037 (54.5%) | Robert Dunipace Gilchrist | Responsible Government Association | 358 |
| Northern 1,037 (54.5%) | Sir Francis James Newton | Independent | 207 |
| Salisbury District 944 (65.4%) | William Muter Leggate | Responsible Government Association | 372 |
| Salisbury District 944 (65.4%) | Sir Raleigh Grey* | Independent | 245 |
| Salisbury Town 1,163 (66.4%) | John Stewart | Rhodesia Labour Party-Responsible Government Association | 304 |
| Salisbury Town 1,163 (66.4%) | Milton Evan Cleveland* | Independent | 258 |
| Salisbury Town 1,163 (66.4%) | William Streak Honey | Independent | 210 |
| Victoria 998 | Howard Unwin Moffat* | Responsible Government Association | Unopposed |
| Western 970 (49.1%) | Robert Alexander Fletcher | Independent | 192 |
| Western 970 (49.1%) | Henry Cuthbert Ind | Responsible Government Association | 190 |
| Western 970 (49.1%) | James Grant Riach | Rhodesia Labour Party | 94 |
* Incumbent

## Nominated members

The members nominated by the British South Africa Company were:
* James Donald Mackenzie, Attorney-General
* Ernest Charles Baxter, Controller of Customs and Excise
* Dr Eric Arthur Nobbs PhD BSc FHAS, Director of Agriculture
* George Henry Eyre, Postmaster-General
* Sir Ernest William Sanders Montagu, Secretary for Mines and Works
* Percival Donald Leslie Fynn, Treasurer
Robert MacIlwaine, Solicitor-General, was appointed a member to replace Ernest Charles Baxter during Baxter's temporary absence on 6 May 1920. George Henry Eyre stood down and was replaced by Robert MacIlwaine on 25 March 1921.
During a Special Session of the Legislative Council between 3 and 11 October 1923, held to set up the new administration following the award of responsible government, the appointed members were:
* Sir John Robert Chancellor, Governor (sitting in the ex officio seat of the Administrator)
* Percival Donald Leslie Fynn, Treasurer
* Robert James Hudson, Attorney General
* Sir Francis James Newton KCMG CVO, Colonial Secretary
* Eric Arthur Nobbs, Director of Agriculture
* Robert MacIlwaine, Solicitor General
* Dr Andrew Milroy Fleming CMG, Medical Director