OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Michelle M. Pettit

Michelle Montgomery Pettit (born 1972) is an American lawyer who has served as a United States magistrate judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of California since 2023. She is a former nominee to be a United States district judge of the same court.

## Education

Pettit earned her Bachelor of Science, with distinction, from the United States Naval Academy, and her Juris Doctor from Vanderbilt University Law School, where she was inducted into the Order of the Coif and served as Managing Editor of the Vanderbilt Law Review.

## Military service

From 1994 to 2007, Pettit served in the United States Navy, being honorably discharged Lieutenant commander. Since 2007 she has served in the United States Navy Reserve, achieving the rank of Captain. During her career in the Navy and Reserves she has held multiple positions: From 2001 to 2004, she served as assistant legal counsel, from 2004 to 2007, she served as senior trial counsel and head of the Command Services Department; from 2007 to 2010, she served as the reserve senior trial counsel; from 2010 to 2011, she served as a reserve appellate defense counsel; from 2011 to 2013, she served as the Reserve Executive Officer; from 2013 to 2015, she served as the Reserve Executive Officer and National Training Officer; then from 2015 to 2017, she served as a reserve appellate judge; from 2017 to 2019 she served as Reserve Commanding officer and Chief Trial Judge.

## Career

Pettit served as senior trial counsel for the United States Navy on active duty stationed in San Diego. Since 2015, Pettit has also served as a judge in the United States Naval Reserves. From 2008 to 2023, she served as an assistant United States attorney in the United States Attorney's Office for the Southern District of California, where she was a member of the National Security and Cybercrimes section for eight years, where she served as the chief of the Intake Unit.

### Expired nomination to district court

On September 20, 2019, President Donald Trump announced his intent to nominate Pettit to serve as a United States district judge for the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. On November 21, 2019, her nomination was sent to the Senate. President Trump nominated Pettit to the seat vacated by Judge Michael Anello, who assumed senior status on October 31, 2018. On January 3, 2020, her nomination was returned to the President under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate. On February 13, 2020, her renomination was sent to the Senate. On January 3, 2021, her nomination was returned to the President under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate.

### Federal judicial service

On July 24, 2023, she was appointed as a United States magistrate judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. She filled the vacancy left by the retirement of Magistrate Judge Mitchell Dembin.
# 3D Space Wars

3D Space Wars is a space combat video game written by Steve Turner for the ZX Spectrum and published by Hewson Consultants in 1983. It is both the first game written by Turner and the first in the Seiddab Trilogy.

## Gameplay

3D Space Wars is a shoot 'em up in which the player has taken command of the world's last fighter-killer spacecraft and must prevent the destruction of civilization by the Seiddab. The game begins with the enemy massed in front of the player and attacking. The player has a cockpit view, and the ship instruments are below the viewscreen, including fuel, speed, and a galaxy map showing the Seiddab positions. Twin lasers fire perspective beams which meet in the center of the crosshairs. There are refueling points in space which the player will need to locate. Each successive wave of attackers is more destructive than the last.
The display is in black and white. Each attack wave consists of 24 aliens, and the player has only two opportunities to refuel during each wave. Speed can be adjusted to one of eight settings, which affects maneuverability, aiming weapons, and how often the ship is hit.

## Development and release

Steve Turner wrote 3D Space Wars and it took about five months to develop, and this was his first game. 3D Space-Wars was released in 1983 by Hewson Consultants.

## Reception

Crash gave the game an overall rating of 68% and said: "A lot of playing appeal but I didn't think there was quite enough going on in the end to make it totally addictive to play".
Personal Computer Games said: "3D Space Wars is definitely one of the better shoot-'em up games on the Dragon. The sound isn't too bad, and the graphics give a convincing impression of deep-space duelling. A worthwhile romp through the universe for those with time (and Seiddabs) to kill".
John Scriven for Dragon User wrote: "Although the combined forces of the baddies, oops, Sieddab raiders, is always more than mortal man can face, Hewson Consultants have produced an excellent game that forces you to send the rest of the family away while you turn up the tv volume and lose yourself in inter-galactic battles. Definitely my favourite game of the month".
Your Computer gave the game 3 stars and called it "an excellent Dragon game [...] Once again, there is some very good stuff around for the Dragon".
Games Computing said: "Overall, it was a well-written game but I am a bit tired of "shoot 'em up" games. I became bored usually after I had scored 120 but to the space-invader game fanatic it is a good game".

### Reviews

* Allt om Hemdatorer
* ASM (Aktueller Software Markt) - September 1986
* Micro 7 - June 1984
# 20th Anniversary Mai Kuraki Live Project 2019 "Let's Goal!: Barairo no Jinsei"

20th Anniversary Mai Kuraki Live Project 2019 "Let's Goal!: Barairo no Jinsei" (20th Anniversary Mai Kuraki Live Project 2019 "Let's GOAL! ~薔薇色の人生~") is the twenty-third video album by Japanese singer-songwriter Mai Kuraki. It was released through Northern Music on June 24, 2020. The video album was originally set for release on April 29, 2020 but was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The release features Kuraki's performance during her 20th Anniversary Mai Kuraki Live Project 2019 "Let's Goal!: Barairo no Jinsei" Tour in Tokyo on October 26, 2019.

## Charts

| Chart (2020) | Peak position |
| Japan Weekly DVD Chart (Oricon) | 12 |
| Japan Weekly Blu-ray Chart (Oricon) | 17 |
| Japan Weekly Music DVD Chart (Oricon) | 6 |
| Japan Weekly Music Blu-ray Chart (Oricon) | 4 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Catalogue no. | Label |
| Japan | June 24, 2020 | DVD | VNBM-7035/7036 | Northern Music |
| Japan | June 24, 2020 | Blu-ray | VNXM-7035 | Northern Music |
# Climate Change and Emissions Management Amendment Act

The Climate Change and Emissions Management Amendment Act of Alberta was the first law of its type to impose greenhouse gas cuts on large industrial facilities.
Starting from July 1, 2007, Alberta facilities that emit more than 100,000 tonnes of greenhouse gases per year will be required to reduce their emissions intensity by 12% under the Climate Change and Emissions Management Amendment Act.
Companies have three ways to meet their reductions: they can make operating improvements, buy an Alberta-based credit, or contribute to the Climate Change and Emissions Management Fund.
The regulations apply to about 100 large facilities which emit more than 100,000 tonnes of greenhouse gases a year. Those facilities account for about 70% of Alberta's industrial greenhouse gas emissions.
The annual cost of compliance is estimated to be $177 million - or less than one-tenth of one per cent of Alberta's nominal GDP ($242 billion in 2006).

## Alberta-based credits

A facility can purchase credits from large emitters that have reduced their emissions intensity beyond their 12 per cent target. They can also purchase credits from facilities whose emissions are below the 100,000-tonne threshold but are voluntarily reducing their emissions. The projects must have legitimate greenhouse gas reductions in the province.

## Climate Change and Emissions Management Fund

A third option would be for companies to pay $15 for every tonne over their reduction target. The money will be put into the Climate Change and Emissions Management Fund, which will be directed to strategic projects or transformative technology aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the province.
According to the Climate Change and Emissions Management Amendment Act, funds may be used only for purposes related to reducing emissions of specified gases or improving Alberta's ability to adapt to climate change; including without limitation, the following purposes:
* energy conservation and energy efficiency;
* demonstration and use of new technologies that emphasize reductions in specified gas emissions in the discovery, recovery, processing, * transportation and use of Alberta's energy resources;
* demonstration and use of new technologies that emphasize reductions in specified gas emissions through the use of alternative energy and renewable energy sources;
* demonstration and use of specified gas capture, use and storage technology;
* development of opportunities for removal of specified gases from the atmosphere through sequestration by sinks;
* measurement of the natural removal and storage of carbon;
* climate change adaptation programs and measures;
* paying salaries, fees, expenses, liabilities or other costs incurred by a delegated authority in carrying out a duty or function of or exercising a power of the Minister in respect of the Fund that has been delegated to the delegated authority, if authorized by the regulations.
# Michael Willrich

Michael Willrich is an American historian. He is the Leff Families Professor of History at Brandeis University, and the author of three books. He was a Guggenheim Fellow in 2015. His book, American Anarchy: The Epic Struggle Between Immigrant Radicals and the US Government at the Dawn of the Twentieth Century was a finalist for the 2024 Pulitzer Prize for History.

## Selected works

* Willrich, Michael (2003). City of Courts: Socializing Justice in Progressive Era Chicago. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521794039. OCLC 51271734.
* Willrich, Michael (2014). Pox: An American History. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 9781101476222. OCLC 883371074.
* Willrich, Michael (2023). American Anarchy: The Epic Struggle Between Immigrant Radicals and the US Government at the Dawn of the Twentieth Century. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 9781541697379. OCLC 1370003362.
# 461st Light Combat Aviation Squadron

The 461st Light Combat Aviation Squadron (Serbo-Croatian: 461. eskadrila lake borbene avijacije / 461. ескадрила лаке борбене авијације) was an aviation squadron of Yugoslav Air Force formed in 1953 at Niš airfield as Training Squadron of 29th Aviation Division (Serbo-Croatian: Trenažna eskadrila 29. vazduhoplovne divizije / Тренажна ескадрила 29. ваздухопловне дивизије).

## History

Squadron was part of 29th Aviation Division. It was equipped with US-made F-47D Thunderbolt fighter-bombers and Yugoslav-made Ikarus Aero 2 trainers.
In 1959 due to the Drvar reorganization this squadron became the Light Combat Aviation Squadron of 3rd Air Command (Serbo-Croatian: Vazduhoplovna eskadrila lake borbene avijacije 3. vazduhoplovne komande / Ваздухопловна ескадрила лаке борбене авијације 3. ваздухопловне команде).
Squadron was again renamed and renumbered in April 1961 as 461st Light Combat Aviation Squadron. In same year new Soko 522 trainer aircraft have been introduced replacing older Thunderbolts and Aero 2 aircraft. By order from June 8, 1968, it has been disbanded. It was reestablished by order from March 7, 1973, at Pančevo airfield as part of 98th Aviation Brigade. Soko 522 trainers were replaced with Utva 66 liaison aircraft and Soko J-20 Kraguj counter-insurgency aircraft during the 1976 and 1977. Squadron has become independent under 1st Air Corps in 1978 by order from November 1976.
461st Squadron has been disbanded by order from November 16, 1981. Its personnel and equipment were attached to the 525th Training Aviation Squadron.

## Assignments

* 29th Aviation Division (1953–1959)
* 3rd Air Command (1959–1964)
* 98th Aviation Brigade (1964-1968, 1973-1978)
* 1st Aviation Corps (1978-1981)

## Previous designations

* Training Squadron of 29th Aviation Division (1953-1959)
* Light Combat Aviation Squadron of 3rd Air Command (1959–1961)
* 461st Light Combat Aviation Squadron (1961-1981)

## Bases stationed

* Niš (1953–1968)
* Pančevo (1973–1981)

## Equipment

* F-47D Thunderbolt (1953-1961)
* Ikarus Aero 2B/C (1953–1961)
* Soko 522 (1961-1968, 1973-1977)
* Soko J-20 Kraguj (1976-1981)
* Utva 66 (1977-1981)
# Cloonan

Cloonan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Becky Cloonan (born 1980), American comic book creator
* Diarmuid Cloonan (born 1980), Irish hurler, brother of Eugene
* Eugene Cloonan (born 1978), Irish hurler
* Jarlath Cloonan (born 1953), Irish hurler
# Micragrella

Micragrella is a genus of moths in the subfamily Arctiinae. The genus was erected by Watson in 1980.

## Species

* Micragrella aetolia H. Druce, 1900
* Micragrella ochrea Hampson, 1901
* Micragrella sanguiceps Hampson, 1898
# Claytonia virginica

Claytonia virginica, the Virginia springbeauty, eastern spring beauty, grass-flower narrowleaf springbeauty or fairy spud, is an herbaceous perennial plant in the family Montiaceae. Its native range is eastern North America. Its scientific name honors Colonial Virginian botanist John Clayton (1694–1773).

## Description

Springbeauty is a perennial plant, overwintering through a tuberous root. It is a trailing plant growing to 5–40 cm (2–16 in) tall. The leaves are slender lanceolate, 3–14 cm (1+1⁄4–5+1⁄2 in) long and 0.5–2 cm (0.20–0.79 in) broad, with a 6–20 cm (2+1⁄4–7+3⁄4 in) long petiole.
The flowers are 0.7–1.4 cm (0.28–0.55 in) in diameter with five pale pink or white (rarely yellow) petals, and reflect UV light. It has a raceme inflorescence, in which its flowers branch off of the shoot. The individual flowers bloom for three days, although the five stamens on each flower are only active for a single day. Flowering occurs between March and May depending on part of its range and weather. The seeds are between 0.2 and 0.3 cm (0.08 and 0.12 in) in diameter and a shiny black. The seeds are released from the capsule fruit when it breaks open. Elaiosomes are present on the seeds and allow for ant dispersal.
Claytonia virginica is a cytologically complex taxon, including diploids with n=6, 7, 8 and 9, and tetraploids, hexaploids, octaploids and dodecaploids. The largest number of chromosomes (2n=ca. 191) was observed in the New York area.

## Habitat and range

Springbeauty is found in the Eastern temperate deciduous forest of North America. It is noted for its abundance throughout many parts of its range, especially in forests. The plant can be found throughout many different habitat types including lawns, city parks, forests, roadsides, wetlands, bluffs, and ravines.

## Hammond's yellow spring beauty

Hammond's yellow spring beauty, Claytonia virginica var. hammondiae, is a varietal with a very small range and population in a few areas of Northwestern New Jersey.

## Uses

This plant has been used medicinally by the Iroquois, who would give a cold infusion or decoction of the powdered roots to children suffering from convulsions. They would also eat the raw roots, believing that they permanently prevented conception. They would also eat the roots as food, as would the Algonquin people, who cooked them like potatoes.
Spring beauty corms along with the entire above ground portion of the plant are safe for human consumption. The leaves can be cooked in salted water, although are not choice eating.
# Cline v. American Aggregates Corp.

Cline v. American Aggregates Corporation, 474 N.E.2d 324 (OH 1984), was a case decided by the Supreme Court of Ohio that first applied the reasonable use doctrine to water use in that state.

## Factual background

The defendants operated a quarry, and as part of the process of extracting limestone, underground aquifers were dewatered. The plaintiffs on the neighboring land alleged that this dewatered and polluted their wells. The trial court granted summary judgment to the defendants on the authority of Frazier v. Brown, which allowed a landowner absolute use of the water on their land despite ramifications for neighboring landowners.

## Opinion of the Court
### Majority opinion

The Supreme Court of Ohio rejected the absolute use rule in Frazier in favor of a reasonable use doctrine that allowed water use as long as it did not unreasonably harm neighbors that also had a right to the water. The court cited scientific advancements that allowed for better monitoring of water that could more easily determine how much water each landowner was entitled to. The reasonable use doctrine was adopted from § 858 of the Restatement of Torts, Second, which stated the following standard:
   (1) A proprietor of land or his grantee who withdraws ground water from the land and uses it for a beneficial purpose is not subject to liability for interference with the use of water by another, unless
   (a) the withdrawal of ground water unreasonably causes harm to a proprietor of neighboring land through lowering the water table or reducing artesian pressure,
   (b) the withdrawal of ground water exceeds the proprietor's reasonable share of the annual supply or total store of ground water, or
   (c) the withdrawal of the ground water has a direct and substantial effect upon a watercourse or lake and unreasonably causes harm to a person entitled to the use of its water.

### Holmes' concurrence

Justice Holmes wrote separately to emphasize how the reasonable use doctrine provided flexible standards well suited to addressing modern problems associated with water usage.

## Subsequent history

The case was remanded to the Court of Appeals of Ohio, which affirmed the decision of the Supreme Court. An appeal from that ruling was dismissed by the Ohio Supreme Court.

## Impact

The reasonable use doctrine adopted in Cline has been codified in Ohio Revised Code § 1521.17.
# Microsoft reaction card method

The Microsoft Reaction Card, developed by Microsoft in 2002 by Joey Benedek and Trish Miner, is a method used to check the emotional response and desirability of a design or product. This method is commonly used in the field of software design.
Using this method involves a participant describing a design / product based on a list of 118 words. Each word is placed on a separate card. After viewing a design or product, the participant is asked to pick out the words they feel are relevant. The moderator then asks the participant to explain the reason for their selection.
# Microcotyle fistulariae

Microcotyle fistulariae is a species of monogenean, parasitic on the gills of a marine fish. It belongs to the family Microcotylidae.

## Morphology

Microcotyle fistulariae has the general morphology of all species of Microcotyle, with a flat body, comprising an anterior part which contains most organs and a posterior part called the haptor. The haptor is symmetrical and bears a number of clamps, arranged as two rows, one on each side. The clamps of the haptor attach the animal to the gill of the fish. There are also two small buccal suckers at the anterior extremity. The digestive organs include an anterior, terminal mouth, a muscular pharynx, and a posterior intestine with two lateral blind-ending branches. Each adult contains male and female reproductive organs. The reproductive organs include an anterior genital atrium, with spines, a dorsal vagina, a single ovary, and a number of testes which are posterior to the ovary.

## Hosts and localities

The type-host is Fistularia petimba (Fistulariidae). The type-locality is the South China Sea.
# Cleancode eMail

Cleancode eMail (also known as CleanCode Email or simply email) is a simple command line software utility for sending SMTP email. It is portable enough to compile and run under Linux, OS X, BSD, Solaris, Cygwin and perhaps other Unix-like operating systems.

## Features

Upon installing the Cleancode eMail, the email executable binary becomes available.
This program offers features for sending email via SMTP. It supports SMTP AUTH (via the LOGIN and PLAIN mechanisms), MIME attachments, an address book, encryption of both transport (via TLS) and message (via PGP), and digital signatures (via PGP). It can be easily used for sending email from the command line, or via shell scripts or other software packages. The lack of modern features helps Cleancode eMail stand out as a fast, efficient and helpful tool for system administrators in Unix-like environments, as that was its intentional purpose when first developed.

## History

Cleancode eMail started in September 2001 and is currently still maintained and developed by the original author, Dean Jones.
# Clorexolone

Clorexolone is a low-ceiling sulfonamide diuretic.
# Micoló

Micoló is a seaside town in Lobata District in the northern part of São Tomé Island in São Tomé and Príncipe. Its population is 1404 (2012 census). It is situated near the mouth of the river Rio do Ouro. The islet Ilhéu das Cabras lies about 2.5 km to the east. Micoló lies 4 km northeast of Conde and 9 km northwest of the city centre of the capital São Tomé.

## Sports

* Desportivo Marítimo - a football (soccer) club currently playing in the regional second division.
# Micola, Missouri

Micola is an unincorporated community in Pemiscot County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

## History

Micola was originally called Pokono, and under the latter had its start in 1901 when the railroad was extended to that point. A post office called Micola was established in 1902, and remained in operation until 1926. The present name is a fanciful amalgamation of Michie and Coleman, the surnames of the original owners of the town site.
# Micoletzkya

Micoletzkya is a genus of predatory bark-beetle-associated nematodes in the family Diplogastridae. The genus was named for the Austrian nematologist Heinrich Micoletzky. As of 2013 it consists of 25 described species.

## Ecology and life history

Nematodes of Micoletzkya live in symbiosis with bark beetles. The hosts include economically important species across North America and Europe such as the mountain pine beetle Dendroctonus ponderosae and European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus. The life history of the nematodes is closely linked to that of their hosts. Infective (dauer) larvae of Micoletzkya attach themselves onto the body surface of a beetle for transmission and resume their development in host breeding galleries. In the bark beetle galleries, nematodes go through a few free-living generations, presumably feeding on beetle-associated microorganisms and other nematodes, after which dauer larvae develop and attach to newly emerging bark beetles for transmission.

## Host specificity and speciation

Micoletzkya nematodes are remarkably host specific, with most species found in association with only a single host species. Nematodes of this genus are vertically transmitted within host populations, which fosters cospeciation with bark beetles and adaptation to particular groups of hosts. Phylogenetic evidence suggests that diversification of the genus was largely influenced by the evolutionary radiation of bark beetles.

## Mouth dimorphism

Like many other members of the diplogastrid family, Micoletzkya nematodes have movable opposing teeth and show a mouth dimorphism. Dimorphic species of the genus can express two alternative mouth phenotypes: stenostomatous (narrow mouth and small teeth) and eurystomatous (wide mouth and large teeth). The two alternative phenotypes are thought to represent a resource polyphenism, or specialized for feeding on different foods, such as microorganisms and other nematodes respectively.

## Isolation and culturing

Micoletzkya adults and larvae can be found in breeding galleries of bark beetles; dauer juveniles of the nematodes can be isolated from dispersing beetles. Many Micoletzkya species are cultured using bacteria; some species can be cultured using C. elegans and other nematodes as food. At 23 °C, the generation time of Micoletzkya is about 10 days.