OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Authority (textual criticism)

The authority of a text is its reliability as a witness to the author's intentions. These intentions could be initial, medial or final, but intentionalist editors (most notably represented by Fredson Bowers and G. Thomas Tanselle editing school) generally attempt to retrieve final authorial intentions. The concept is of particular importance for textual critics, whether they believe that authorial intention is recoverable, or whether they think that this recovery is impossible.
Here are some examples of authority:
* The only authority for the works of the Roman poet Catullus derives from a lost manuscript, of which three copies reside in the National Library in Paris, the Bodleian Library at Oxford, and the Vatican Library in Rome (the Codex Vaticanus). No one knows, or can ever know, how close this manuscript comes to Catullus' intentions—in other words, how great its authority is.
* It is generally thought that the Q1 ('bad quarto') edition of Shakespeare's Hamlet is an unauthorized copy, reconstructed from memory by one of the actors. If this is so, then it has some authority, but much less than the first authorized quarto, Q2 (1602). In comparison, however, it might be a useful authority to the cuts and adaptations made in the performance it was based on.
* The First Folio edition of Julius Caesar (1623) is the only authoritative source, since it is the copy-text of all future editions.
* A diary which is probably authentic has total authority.
A text's authority is made more problematic when it has more than one author, when it falsely asserts itself to be someone else's work, or when it is revised many times. For instance:
* The forged diaries of Adolf Hitler have no authority as the work of their supposed author, but they do have authority as a witness to the intentions of Konrad Kujau, the forger.
* A page on Wikipedia could be said to indicate the intentions of the aggregate of users who have edited it up to that point: it has multiple authority. But many of its editors will disagree with one another about what the page should contain. The idea of 'final intention' does not easily apply, since the page is never complete, and since a recent change (e.g. a piece of vandalism) might not be satisfactory to any of the other editors except the one who made it.
* The quarto edition of Shakespeare's King Lear differs from the later folio edition in many ways. Most modern versions collate the two, preferring one edition in one passage and the other in another. But some editors, such as Stanley Wells, argue they are separate works with different artistic intentions, and that neither of them has more authority.
Authority can also be related to a particular edition, especially if this edition reaches a degree of popularity.
# Authority for Info-communications Technology Industry

4°23′38″N 114°56′30″E﻿ / ﻿4.3940082°N 114.9417214°E﻿ / 4.3940082; 114.9417214
Authority for Info-communications Technology Industry (AITI) is an independent commission in Brunei founded under the Telecommunications Order, 2001 (S 38/01) in 2001. AITI is responsible for regulating all matters related to telecommunications (wire, cellular, satellite and cable) of Brunei.

## History

AITI was established in 2003 by the Government of Brunei when the Telecommunications Order of 2001. They agency has started plans to implement 5G in Brunei starting in 2021 and this will be managed by National 5G Taskforce.

## Mandate and purpose

The following legislation prescribes the powers and functions of AITI
* Telecommunications Order, 2001 (S 38/01)

### Core purposes

Further core purposes of AITI are:
* Setting industry standards
* Setting tariffs and appropriate guidelines
* Acting as responsible, accountable referee in industry to facilitate
* Investment and universal service
* Facilitating and promoting an environment that ensures protection of end-users
* To ensure compliance with the communication service regulatory framework through the management and monitoring of broadcast content and terms and licence conditions
* To research communications regulation, best practice communications services and industry performance so as to advise government on policy formulation
* Establish communications regulatory policies
* Inform industry and consumers
* To promote and encourage efficient communication services so as to attract investment
* To promote capacity building within communications industry
* To represent Brunei's interests in the international communications arena
# Automated whitelist

An automated whitelist is a whitelist which was created and/or is maintained by a system that analyzes bi-directional email.

## Use by anti-spam systems

An automated whitelist is a whitelist which is created or maintained by a system that monitors incoming and/or outgoing email, and based on preset criteria, will add or remove entries from the whitelist without a need for human intervention.
Optionally, some automated whitelisting systems can review records of past email communications which were previously stored within an email server's (or email client's) archives for inclusion in the whitelist.
This functionality is an enhancement to creating a whitelist manually, such as exporting customer, vendor, friends, or other contact lists from various sources, to then tediously assemble them into a whitelist. Additionally, the use of such a system removes the difficult task of maintaining a whitelist as new email relationships are formed.

## How it works

P. Oscar Boykin and Vwani Roychowdhury of the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California point out, "We exploit the properties of social networks to construct an automated anti-spam tool which processes an individual user's personal email network to simultaneously identify the user's core trusted networks of friends, as well as subnetworks generated by spams"; and their extensive research discovers a "surprisingly effective technique" with superior levels of "accuracy and automation"; they go on to explain, "it requires no user intervention or supervised training; second, it results in no false negatives i.e., spam being misclassified as non-spam, or vice versa."

## Criticisms

Some anti-spam systems which use this method have been known to oversimplify a whitelist by adding only the domain name portion of the email addresses, thereby allowing undesirable mail from spammers to slip through.
Other systems have been known to inappropriately add spammers due to clients using autoresponders, such as an "I'm Out of the Office Today" message, or spammers using a read receipt.
Most systems are known to require all outgoing email to be funneled through their system for analysis and automated inclusion; whereas, others offer a small plugin for the existing email server, thereby not altering the existing outbound delivery path.
# Autovía A-58

The Autovía A-58 (also known as Autovía Trujillo - Cáceres) is an autovía in the community of Extremadura, Spain. It starts at the Autovía A-5 just north of Trujillo and ends on the eastern outskirts of Cáceres, close to the Autovía A-66, while running parallel to the N-521 road. It was built between 2007 and 2009.
# Autovía A-55

The Autovía A-55 (also known as Autovía del Atlántico) is an autovía in Galicia (Spain). It is 32 km (20 miles) long and runs from the centre of Vigo to the Portugal–Spain border, on the Minho River at Tui, where it connects to the A3 motorway (Portugal).
The A-55 runs parallel to the Autopista AP-9 for much of its length, and also connects with the Autovía A-52 at the town of O Porriño. Between Vigo and O Porriño, the autovía is an upgrade of the N-120 road, and between O Porriño and the Portuguese border it is an upgrade of the N-550. For the final 5 km (3 miles) of its length, from the end of the AP-9 north of Tui to the Portuguese border and the A3 autoestrada, the A-55 forms part of European route E01.

## Sections

| Denomination | Section | Kilometres | Service year |
| A-55 | Vigo - Puxeiros | 11 | 1992 |
| A-55 | Variant of Puxeiros | 2 | 1992 |
| A-55 | Porriño - Tuy | 13 | 1993 |
| A-55 | Variant of Tuy and Access to the International Bridge | 4,5 | 1992 |
| A-55 | Tuy International Bridge (Miño River) - Portuguese border | 1 | 1993 |
# Lex Ogulnia

The lex Ogulnia was a Roman law passed in 300 BC. It was a milestone in the long struggle between the patricians and plebeians. The law was carried by the brothers Quintus and Gnaeus Ogulnius, tribunes of the plebs in 300 BC. For the first time, it opened the various priesthoods to the plebeians. It also increased the number of pontifices from five to nine (including the pontifex maximus), and led to the appointment of Tiberius Coruncanius, the first plebeian pontifex maximus, in 254 BC. The law further required that five of the augurs be plebeians.
# Liancourt-Saint-Pierre

Liancourt-Saint-Pierre (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.
# Liangting Township

Liangting Township is a geographical division situated in the southeast region of Guangshan County in Xinyang City, Henan Province. It shares borders with Baiqueyuan Town to the east, Balifan Town in Xinxian County to the south, Popihe Town to the west, and Zhuanqiao Town to the north. The name of Liangting can be derived back to the Qing dynasty. The highest mountain is the Saishan with 374.3 meters.
In August 1975, the establishment of Baique and Popihe communes led to the formation of Liangting commune. However, in February 1983, the authorities reorganized the administrative structure, and the commune was transformed into a township. The township governs 15 administrative villages as of June 2020. Covering an area of 62.5 square kilometers, the township has a registered population of 26,451 as of the end of 2018.

## Economy

The major economical industry in Liangting Township is the "Xinyang MaoJian tea", the top 10 traditional tea types, which has lasted around 2000 years.
# Liangtian Township

Liangtian Township (simplified Chinese: 良田乡; traditional Chinese: 良田鄉; pinyin: Liángtián Xiāng) is a township under the administration of Jiexi County, Guangdong, China. As of 2018, it has one residential community and 10 villages under its administration.
# Liangxiang Nanguan station

Liangxiang Nanguan station (simplified Chinese: 良乡南关站; traditional Chinese: 良鄉南關站; pinyin: Liángxiāng Nánguān Zhàn) is a station on Fangshan Line of the Beijing Subway.

## Station layout

The station has 2 elevated side platforms.

## Exits

There are 4 exits, lettered A1, A2, B1, and B2. Exits A1 and B1 are accessible.
# Liangxiang Prison

Liangxiang Prison is a prison in Liangxiang, Fangshan District, Beijing, China. It was established in 1960. The prison was once the largest elevator factory in China. It currently houses over 1,000 adult male criminals with 10-15 yr. sentences.
# Lešany (Prostějov District)

Lešany is a municipality and village in Prostějov District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.
Lešany lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-west of Prostějov, 20 km (12 mi) south-west of Olomouc, and 198 km (123 mi) east of Prague.

## Notable people

* Bohuš Čížek (1913–1989), painter
# Ayotunde Phillips

Ayotunde Ayomide Phillips (born 26 July 1949) is a Nigerian jurist and former Chief Judge of Lagos State.

## Early life

Ayotunde Ayomide Williams was born on 26 July 1949, in London, the first child of the late Justice James Oladipo Williams and Henrietta Aina Williams, a Nigeria-born judge. She attended primary school in London before returning to Nigeria with her sibling, Oluwafunmilayo Olajumoke Atilade. She obtained the West Africa School Certificate Examination at Queen's College, Lagos, and Ibadan Grammar School before proceeding to the University of Lagos where she obtained a bachelor's degree in Law in June 1973. She completed the compulsory one year Youth Service at Enugu State Ministry of Justice and was Call to the bar in 1974.

## Law career

She started her career at Kehinde Sofola's Chambers in November 1975, a year after she was Call to the bar. She left the chamber in September 1976 to join the services of the Lagos State Development and Property Corporation as a legal Officer and rose to the position of legal adviser in 1990, the same year she got a transfer to the Ministry of Justice where she attained the rank of a High Court Judge in 1994.
In July 2012, she was appointed as the Chief Judge by Babatunde Fashola and after her retirement in June 2014, she was succeeded by Justice Oluwafunmilayo Olajumoke Atilade, her younger sister.
# Ayrton Senna Bridge

The Ayrton Senna bridge is a bridge in over the Rio Paraná in Brazil. It was inaugurated on 24 January 1998 and cost R$32 million. It carries the BR-163 trunk road from Guaíra in Paraná to Mundo Novo in Mato Grosso do Sul. The bridge is named after Brazilian racing driver, Ayrton Senna.
# Aviation ministry

An aviation ministry is a cabinet level department of a government which is concerned with matters of aviation within a particular country's airspace. An aviation ministry may also be involved with a nation's air force, either to a limited degree or in direct command.
For example, India has the Ministry of Civil Aviation of Government of India.
One of the more well known aviation ministries was the aviation ministry of Nazi Germany which formed the Luftwaffe under Hermann Göring. Other nations, for instance the United States, do not have a cabinet or state level department for aviation, but rather civilian or federally sponsored civilian agencies, one of the better known being the Federal Aviation Administration.
# Liberal Christian Democrats Union

The Liberal Christian Democrats Union is a political party in the Democratic Republic of the Congo based in Kinshasa and is led by Raymond Tshibanda.
# Liberal Assembly

The Liberal Party Assembly was the annual party conference of the British Liberal Party before its merger with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the Liberal Democrats; the name is still used by the continuity Liberal Party created as its replacement. It traditionally concludes with all members rising to sing "The Land", which is also sung at the end of the Liberal Democrat Conference.
The Assembly is the sovereign body responsible for policy decisions and constitutional changes, making it the most democratic of the UK parties.
The modern Liberal Party's annual gatherings continue the numbering sequence used by the pre-1988 party. For example, the 2007 Assembly, held in Wolverhampton, was officially the 122nd Liberal Party Assembly.
# Avibrissina

Avibrissina is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Avibrissina brevipalpis Malloch, 1932
* Avibrissina laticornis Malloch, 1938

## Distribution

New Zealand.
# Ayushman Bhava (TV series)

Ayushman Bhava is an Indian television series which aired on STAR Bharat. The series stars Avinash Sachdev and Sumit Bhardwaj.

## Plot

Set in present-day Mathura, Krish Mehra (Ricky Patel / Sumit Bhardwaj) is the troubled son of Madhav and Sudha Mehra who grows up recalling his past life when he was Avinash Dubey (Avinash Sachdev), a software engineer who was betrayed and killed by his best friend, girlfriend, and boss. The story is about Krish and how he takes his revenge on those who killed him in his past life.

## Cast

* Avinash Sachdev as Avinash Dubey: Kailashnath and Kaushalya's son; Pragati's younger brother;Samaira's former boyfriend; Sudheer's former friend; Krish's past life (Dead)
* Ricky Patel as Child Krishna "Krish" Mehra
* Sumit Bhardwaj as Krishna "Krish" Mehra: Madhav and Sudha's son;Kavya's husband;Avinash's reincarnation
* Megha Gupta / Kajal Jain as Samaira Singhania: Gayatri's daughter; Vikrant's wife; Kavya's step-mother;Avinash's former girlfriend
* Manish Goel as Vikrant Singhania:Mai's son;Babli's brother; Samaira's husband; Kavya's father; one of Avinash's murderers
* Tisha Kapoor as Kavya “Gungun” Mehra (née Singhania) : Vikrant's daughter; Samaira's step-daughter;Mai's granddaughter; Krish's wife
* Sudha Chandran as Mrs. Singhania / Mai: Vikrant and Babli's mother;Kavya's grandmother
* Kapil Srivastav as Sudheer Mathur: Babli's husband;Avinash's former friend; One of Avinash's murderers
* Urmimala Sinha Roy as Babli Mathur (née Singhania) : Vikrant's sister; Mai's daughter; Sudheer's wife
* Mahesh Badal as Badri Narayan
* Krishna Shetty as Rudra: Avinash's former friend;one of Avinash's murderers
* Shahab Khan as Kailashnath Dubey
* Savita Prabhune as Kaushalya Dubey
* Sayaji Shinde as Sub-Inspector Govind Mathre: One of Avinash's murderers (dead)
* Sameer Sharma as Kartik: Avinash's former boss; One of Avinash's murderers
* Yogesh Mahajan as Madhav Mehra: Sudha's husband; Krish's father (dead)
* Priya Marathe as Sudha Mehra: Madhav's wife; Krish's mother (dead)
* Aruna Sangal as Gayatri: Samaira's mother
* Sarita Joshi as Payal
* Gaurav K. Jha as Jassi
* Ahmad Harhash as Raj Jha
# Lidberg

Lidberg is a Swedish surname. Notable persons with that name include:
* Cully Lidberg (1900–1987), American football player
* Isac Lidberg (b. 1998), Swedish football player
* Jimmy Lidberg (born 1982), Swedish wrestler
* Martin Lidberg (born 1973), Swedish wrestler
* Paul Lidberg (fl. 1990s–present), US game designer
# Liddalen

Liddalen is a valley in Sørkapp Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a length of about 2.5 kilometers, and is located between Gavrilovfjellet and Lidfjellet. Liddalen is named after Norwegian botanist Johannes Lid.
# BCFP

BCFP may refer to:
* British Columbia Forest Products, currently Catalyst Paper
* Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (commonly the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau), an agency of the United States government
# Lights on the Hill (album)

Lights on the Hill is a studio album released by Australian country music singer Slim Dusty in August 1975. The album peaked at number 45 on the Kent Music Report and was certified 5× gold in 20 weeks of release.
The album won Album of the Year at the 1976 Country Music Awards of Australia.

## Weekly charts

| Chart (1975) | Peak position |
| Australia (Kent Music Report) Albums Chart | 45 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | 5× Gold | 100,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Edition(s) | Label | Catalogue |
| Australia | August 1975 | LP | Standard | Columbia Records, EMI Music | SCXA 8028 |
# Liaison of Independent Liberals

The Liaison of Independent Liberals was a political party in Greece in the 1920s.

## History

The party first contested national elections in 1926, when they won a single seat in the parliamentary elections with 0.6% of the national vote. However, the party did not contest any further elections.
# Libbey, Oklahoma

Libbey or Libby Siding is a settlement in northwest Texas County, Oklahoma, situated in the Oklahoma Panhandle, at an elevation of 3,724 feet. It is located approximately six miles southwest of Elkhart, Kansas on US Route 56. It is on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad.
Libbey was the locale for Irish artist John Gerrard’s internationally-displayed exhibition, “Sow Farm (near Libbey, Oklahoma) 2009,” shot around an agricultural facility there.
# Liam Borchers

Liam Borchers (Groningen, Netherlands, May 7, 2004) is a Dutch writer and researcher specialized in football history.
Initially, Borchers' work focused on Spanish football from a general and informative perspective, and wrote it in his first language, Dutch. Later, he specialized in historical monographs about modest football clubs in Spain: CD Atlético Baleares, from Palma (Balearic Islands), and CE Europa, from Gràcia, neighborhood of Barcelona (Catalonia), all both written in English. In addition, he is the author of articles on the same topics in magazines such as Staantribune and Panenka, both publications from the Netherlands.

## Works

* GOLAZO. Een introductie tot het Spaanse voetbal. Groningen: Brave New Books, 2021 ISBN 978-9464482263
* CARA O CRUZ. Een reis door Spaans voetballand. Groningen: Brave New Books, 2022 ISBN 978-9464658101
* The Story of Atlètic Balears. Groningen: Lulu, 2023 ISBN 978-1-4717-4271-2
* The Story of Europa. A unique football club from Catalonia. Groningen, 2024 ISBN 978-9-0903-8388-0
# Liam Bowen

Liam Bowen is an American college baseball coach and former player, who is the current head baseball coach of the UMBC Retrievers.

## Playing career

Bowen attended Montgomery Blair High School in Silver Spring, Maryland. Upon graduation, Bowen enrolled at Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota. Bowen pitched 4 seasons for the Scots.
As a freshman in 2003, Bowen made 4 relief appearances pitching 3.1 innings and striking out 2 batters.
In 2004 as a sophomore, Bowen took on the ace role of the team's pitching staff. He led the team with 3 wins with a team low 4.19 ERA. He also led the team with 49 strikeouts.
As a junior in 2005, Bowen pitched a team-high 59 innings, 11 starts, 4 complete games and 43 strikeouts.
In 2006, Bowen went 6–2 with a 5.18 ERA.

## Coaching career

Upon graduation, Bowen accepted a position at St. Mary's College of Maryland as a pitching coach. He was at St. Mary's for 4 years, dropping the team ERA by 3 runs during his tenure. In 2011, Bowen became a graduate assistant at Lincoln Memorial University.
On September 7, 2011, Bowen was named a volunteer assistant coach for the UMBC Retrievers baseball team. On May 1, 2019, Bowen was named the interim head coach for the Retrievers when Bob Mumma resigned.
On May 22, 2019, Bowen was promoted to head coach of the Retrievers.

## Head coaching record

Statistics overview :
| Season | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Postseason |
| UMBC Retrievers (America East Conference) (2019–present) ||||||
| 2019 | UMBC | 2–9 | 0–5 | 7th | |
| 2020 | UMBC | 3–10 | 0–0 | | Season canceled due to COVID-19 |
| 2021 | UMBC | 17–26 | 12–26 | 4th (Division B) | |
| 2022 | UMBC | 23–32 | 11–19 | 4th (Division B) | America East Tournament |
| 2023 | UMBC | 30–27 | 16–8 | 2nd | America East Tournament |
| 2024 | UMBC | 27–25 | 14–10 | 2nd | America East Tournament |
| UMBC: | UMBC: | 102–129 | 53–63 | | |
| Total: | Total: | 102–129 | | | |
| National champion   Postseason invitational champion   Conference regular season champion   Conference regular season and conference tournament champion  Division regular season champion  Division regular season and conference tournament champion  Conference tournament champion ||||||
# Stephen O'Connor (academic)

Stephen O’Connor is a chartered professor of biomedical engineering at the School of Mathematics, Computer Science and Engineering, University of London. He is former President of the Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine (IPEM). He is also an Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering.
# Lakeville, Ohio

Lakeville is an unincorporated community in northeastern Washington Township, Holmes County, Ohio, United States. It has a post office with the ZIP code 44638. It lies along State Route 226 west of Odell Lake and south of Bonnett and Round Lakes.
# Sheremet (disambiguation)

Sheremet may refer to:
* Sheremet, an East Slavic surname of Turkic origin
* Sheremet (Kosovo) [fr], a locality in Kosovo
* Şeremet, Kula [tr], a locality in Turkey
* Şeremet bey, Albanian military commander, see Battle of Ohrid
# Sheremeta

Sheremeta (Ukrainian: Шеремета) is a unisex Ukrainian surname that may refer to the following notable people:
* Liubov Sheremeta (born 1980), Ukrainian artistic gymnast
* Pavlo Sheremeta, Ukrainian economist
* Tymofiy Sheremeta (born 1995), Ukrainian football goalkeeper