OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sidney Arnold Pakeman

Colonel Sidney Arnold Pakeman, CBE, MC, ED (4 January 1891 – 15 June 1975) was a British academic and a member of the Parliament of Ceylon.

## Early life and education

Sidney Arnold Pakeman was born in Bristol, England on 1 April 1891, the son of Thomas Lovell Pakeman, a draper and undertaker. He attended Bristol Grammar School between 1903 and 1910.

## Military service

He served in the British Army in the Wiltshire Regiment 4th Battalion, attached to the Gloucestershire Regiment, during the First World War. On the 18 June 1917 he was awarded the Military Cross as a lieutenant for conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty. He led his company in the most gallant manner and personally tried to cut gaps in the enemy’s wire. Later, although wounded, he remained at his post during a battle on 6–7 April 1917 at Maissemy, France.

## Academic career

He obtained a Master of Arts degree from Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge and joined the Ceylon University College in 1921 serving as lecturer and thereafter Professor of Modern History and Economics until 1942.

## Ceylon Defence Force

He joined the Ceylon Defence Force as a volunteer officer in the Ceylon Cadet Battalion. Promoted to Brevet Colonel, he served as the Commanding officer of the Ceylon Cadet Battalion from 1932 to 1938 and was confirmed in the rank of colonel. In the 1937 Coronation Honours he received an OBE (Military Division) for his role as Officer Commanding, Ceylon Cadet Battalion, Ceylon Defence Force.

## Parliament

Following Ceylon's first parliamentary elections in 1947, Pakeman was appointed as a member of the Ceylon House of Representatives. He was one of six members appointed by the Governor-General, to represent important interests which were not represented or inadequately represented in the House.
In the 1951 King's Birthday Honours Pakeman was awarded a CBE (Civil Division) for his service as a member of parliament and as a professor at the Ceylon University College.
# Phoenix MLS stadium

The Phoenix MLS stadium is a proposed 21,000 seat soccer-specific stadium to be built in Tempe, Arizona for the Phoenix Rising FC, in its effort to join the MLS.
In May 2017, Phoenix Rising signed an agreement with Goldman Sachs to help funding of a new stadium on land purchased from the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community if selected.
# As Samd ash Shamali

As Samd ash Shamali is a village in Makkah Province, in western Saudi Arabia.
# Cremeneț

The Cremeneț is a left tributary of the river Șușița in Romania. It discharges into the Șușița in Rotileștii Mici. Its length is 15 km (9.3 mi) and its basin size is 55 km$^2$ (21 sq mi).
# Märkisch Luch

Märkisch Luch is a municipality in the Havelland district, in Brandenburg, Germany.

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1875 | 2,049 | — |
| 1890 | 2,084 | +0.11% |
| 1910 | 2,091 | +0.02% |
| 1925 | 2,240 | +0.46% |
| 1933 | 2,181 | −0.33% |
| 1939 | 2,027 | −1.21% |
| 1946 | 3,016 | +5.84% |
| 1950 | 3,004 | −0.10% |
| 1964 | 2,051 | −2.69% |
| 1971 | 1,883 | −1.21% |
| 1981 | 1,528 | −2.07% |
| 1985 | 1,506 | −0.36% |
| 1989 | 1,447 | −0.99% |
| 1990 | 1,431 | −1.11% |
| 1991 | 1,385 | −3.21% |
| 1992 | 1,377 | −0.58% |
| 1993 | 1,381 | +0.29% |
| 1994 | 1,390 | +0.65% |
| 1995 | 1,371 | −1.37% |
| 1996 | 1,344 | −1.97% |
| 1997 | 1,315 | −2.16% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1998 | 1,330 | +1.14% |
| 1999 | 1,346 | +1.20% |
| 2000 | 1,342 | −0.30% |
| 2001 | 1,369 | +2.01% |
| 2002 | 1,377 | +0.58% |
| 2003 | 1,376 | −0.07% |
| 2004 | 1,373 | −0.22% |
| 2005 | 1,354 | −1.38% |
| 2006 | 1,382 | +2.07% |
| 2007 | 1,370 | −0.87% |
| 2008 | 1,361 | −0.66% |
| 2009 | 1,334 | −1.98% |
| 2010 | 1,330 | −0.30% |
| 2011 | 1,287 | −3.23% |
| 2012 | 1,254 | −2.56% |
| 2013 | 1,258 | +0.32% |
| 2014 | 1,279 | +1.67% |
| 2015 | 1,251 | −2.19% |
| 2016 | 1,267 | +1.28% |
| 2017 | 1,249 | −1.42% |
| 2018 | 1,283 | +2.72% |
# Montalbano

Montalbano may refer to:

## People with the surname

* Bartolomeo Montalbano, Italian Baroque musician
* Giuseppe Montalbano (disambiguation)
** Giuseppe Montalbano (1895–1989), Italian politician
** Giuseppe Montalbano (1925–2021), Italian politician
* James Montalbano, American typeface designer
* Rose Montalbano, All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player

## Places

* Montalbano Elicona, a comune (municipality) in Sicily, Italy
* Montalbano Jonico, a comune (municipality) in Basilicata, Italy
* Montalbano Mountains, a mountain chain in Valdinievole, Tuscany
* A frazione of Firenzuola, Tuscany, Italy
* A sub-region of the Chianti wine area in Tuscany, Italy

## Works of fiction

* Salvo Montalbano, fictional Sicilian detective
** Inspector Montalbano (TV series), Italian show starring the fictional detective
*** The Young Montalbano, prequel to Inspector Montalbano TV series
# Chi River (Hanshui)

The Chi River (Chinese: 池河; pinyin: Chí Hé) is a Chinese river that is a tributary to the Hanshui, or Han River, which ultimately flows into the Yangtze. Its total length is 114 kilometres (71 mi) and drains an area of 1,033 square kilometres (399 sq mi). The difference in elevation between its source and mouth is 1,914 metres (6,280 ft).
# Biot–Tolstoy–Medwin diffraction model

In applied mathematics, the Biot–Tolstoy–Medwin (BTM) diffraction model describes edge diffraction. Unlike the uniform theory of diffraction (UTD), BTM does not make the high frequency assumption (in which edge lengths and distances from source and receiver are much larger than the wavelength). BTM sees use in acoustic simulations.

## Impulse response

The impulse response according to BTM is given as follows:
The general expression for sound pressure is given by the convolution integral
    $p(t)=\int _{0}^{\infty }h(\tau )q(t-\tau )\,d\tau$
where $q(t)$ represents the source signal, and $h(t)$ represents the impulse response at the receiver position. The BTM gives the latter in terms of
* the source position in cylindrical coordinates $(r_{S},\theta _{S},z_{S})$ where the $z$-axis is considered to lie on the edge and $\theta$ is measured from one of the faces of the wedge.
* the receiver position $(r_{R},\theta _{R},z_{R})$
* the (outer) wedge angle $\theta _{W}$ and from this the wedge index $\nu =\pi /\theta _{W}$
* the speed of sound $c$
as an integral over edge positions $z$
    $h(\tau )=-{\frac {\nu }{4\pi }}\sum _{\phi _{i}=\pi \pm \theta _{S}\pm \theta _{R}}\int _{z_{1}}^{z_{2}}\delta \left(\tau -{\frac {m+l}{c}}\right){\frac {\beta _{i}}{ml}}\,dz$
where the summation is over the four possible choices of the two signs, $m$ and $l$ are the distances from the point $z$ to the source and receiver respectively, and $\delta$ is the Dirac delta function.
    $\beta _{i}={\frac {\sin(\nu \phi _{i})}{\cosh(\nu \eta )-\cos(\nu \phi _{i})}}$
where
    $\eta =\cosh ^{-1}{\frac {ml+(z-z_{S})(z-z_{R})}{r_{S}r_{R}}}$
# 2011 Southland Conference men's basketball tournament

The 2011 Southland Conference men's basketball tournament, a part of the 2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season, took place March 9, 10 and 12, 2011 at the Merrell Center in Katy, Texas. In the championship game, the UTSA Roadrunners beat McNeese State to win its third Southland Conference title. UTSA also received the Southland Conference's automatic bid to the 2011 NCAA Tournament, where it beat Alabama State in the First Four before losing to Ohio State in the tournament's second round.

## Format

The top eight teams, regardless of divisional standing, received a berth in the conference tournament. The championship game was broadcast nationally on ESPN2.

## Bracket

| Quarterfinals Wednesday, March 9 | Quarterfinals Wednesday, March 9 | Quarterfinals Wednesday, March 9 | Semifinals Thursday, March 10 | Semifinals Thursday, March 10 | Semifinals Thursday, March 10 | Finals Saturday, March 12 | Finals Saturday, March 12 | Finals Saturday, March 12 |
| 1 | McNeese State | 61 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Nicholls State | 54 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Nicholls State | 54 | 1 | McNeese State | 91 | | | |
| | | | 4 | Texas State | 83 | | | |
| 4 | Texas State | 72 | 4 | Texas State | 83 | | | |
| 5 | Southeastern Louisiana | 68 | | | | | | |
| 5 | Southeastern Louisiana | 68 | | | | 1 | McNeese State | 72 |
| | | | | | | 7 | UTSA | 75 |
| 2 | Northwestern State | 96 | | | | | | | 7 | UTSA | 75 |
| 7 | UTSA | 97 | | | | | | |
| 7 | UTSA | 97 | 7 | UTSA | 79 | | | |
| | | | 3 | Sam Houston State | 70 | | | |
| 3 | Sam Houston State | 61 | 3 | Sam Houston State | 70 | | | |
| 6 | Stephen F. Austin | 45 | | | | | | |
# Arthur Johnson (basketball)

Arthur Dock Johnson (born December 20, 1982) is an American basketball player playing most recently for Istanbul BBSK.

## Biography

Johnson was born in Detroit, Michigan. After graduating from Pershing High School, he played four seasons for the Missouri Tigers at the University of Missouri. During his collegiate years, he played on the All-Big 12 second team during the 2002–2003 and 2003–2004 seasons and on the All-Big 12 tournament first team in 2003.
He remained undrafted in the 2004 NBA draft. Despite this, he played in the NBA Summer League for the Phoenix Suns (2004–2005), the Atlanta Hawks (2005–2006), and the Chicago Bulls (2005–2006).
In October 2004, Johnson signed with the Denver Nuggets, but was placed on waivers and became a free agent in January 2005. In October 2005, he signed with the New Jersey Nets, but within the month was on waivers and became a free agent.
He has played internationally with Aris B.C. (2004–2005), Cherkasy Monkeys (2005–2006, 2006–2007), Caserta (2007–2008), Vestel (2010–2011), Maliye Milli (2011–2012), and Istanbul BBSK (2012–2013).
# Acalolepta affinis

Acalolepta affinis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1935. It is known from Myanmar, India, China, and Vietnam.
# Davor Pejčinović

Davor Pejčinović (born 28 March 1971) is a retired Croatian basketball player. A 2.11 m center, he participated in the 2000-01 Euroleague with KK Zadar.
Pejčinović was a member of the Croatian national team that won the bronze medal in the 1995 Eurobasket.
# Nana Yaa Nyamaa II

Nana Yaa Nyamaa II (April 1955 – 13 September 2019) was a Ghanaian royal, Queen of Sunyani since 1972 until her death in 2019 at the age of 64 after a long illness.
# Barnwell-Gough House

The Barnwell-Gough House, also known as Old Barnwell House, is a house built in Beaufort, South Carolina in 1789.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. It is included in Beaufort Historic District, which is a National Historic Landmark District.
# Maturity (geology)

In petroleum geology, the maturity of a rock is a measure of its state in terms of hydrocarbon generation. Maturity is established using a combination of geochemical and basin modelling techniques.
Rocks with high total organic carbon, (termed source rocks), will alter under increasing temperature such that the organic molecules slowly mature into hydrocarbons (see diagenesis). Source rocks are therefore broadly categorised as immature (no hydrocarbon generation), sub-mature (limited hydrocarbon generation), mature (extensive hydrocarbon generation) and overmature (most hydrocarbons have been generated).
The maturity of a source rock can also be used as an indicator of its hydrocarbon potential. That is, if a rock is sub-mature, then it has a much higher potential to generate further hydrocarbons than one that is overmature.
# Biotus

Biotus is a genus of ant-loving beetles in the family Staphylinidae. There is one described species in Biotus, B. formicarius.
# Cresthead flounder

The cresthead flounder (Pseudopleuronectes schrenki) is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms in salt water in the temperate waters of the northwestern Pacific, from the southern parts of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Kuril Islands to Korea and northern Honshu, Japan. It can grow up to 50 centimetres (20 in) in length, though it more commonly reaches lengths of around 32.5 centimetres (12.8 in). Its maximum recorded weight is 2.5 kilograms (5.5 lb).
# David Knights-Whittome

David Knights-Whittome (born David Knights Whittome, 1876) was a British portrait photographer, whose clients included royalty.
Knights-Whittome was born on 29 December 1876 in Greenwich. His parents were Joseph Whittome, a warehouseman and a Baptist minister, and Eunice Smith. He had six older siblings, although three died in infancy.
In 1897, he worked out of the County Studio, in Hereford, and in Edmonton. He subsequently operated from his shops at 24 Station Road, Epsom and in Sutton. From 1905, he began hyphenating his name.
Among his subjects were Edward VII, George V, Prince Edward (later Edward VIII), Alfonso XIII of Spain, Manuel II of Portugal and Queen Maud of Norway. He was also one of the official photographers at Prince Edward's 1911 investiture as Prince of Wales at Carnarvon Castle. He was awarded a Royal Warrant of Appointment in the same year.
He married Sarah Elizabeth "Bessie" Draper in Hertford on 4 June 1907. They had two sons, Maurice and Ronald. On his retirement, the couple moved to St Albans where served on the city council and county council, and as mayor for the year 1940–1941. He died on 4 November 1943 and is buried at Sandridge. He was pre-deceased by Ronald, who had died in 1941 while serving as a wing commander with the Royal Air Force during World War II.
David Knights-Whittome was a member of the Royal Photographic Society from 1896 to 1905. His collection of glass plate negatives and his papers are held by the Sutton Local Studies & Archives Centre, where the negatives have been digitised by a project branded "Past on Glass", funded with a £95,000 grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund. Five of his works are in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery.
# Denika Kassim

Denika Kassim (born August 8, 1997) is a Comorian sprinter. She competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the women's 100 metres race; her time of 12.53 seconds in the preliminary round did not qualify her for the first round.
# Barar, Punjab

Barar Village is located in Ajnala tehsil of Amritsar district in Punjab. It is 20 km away from sub-district headquarter Ajnala. The population is 2,318, 1,125 male and 1,103 female. Pincode of Barar village is 143108.
# Billy Jack Haskins

Billy Jack Haskins is a former American football quarterback for the University of Kentucky from 1993 through 1996.
Haskins won the Kentucky "Mr. Football" Award as a senior at Paducah Tilghman High School in 1992. At graduation, he had passed for more yardage than any player in Kentucky high school history.
At Kentucky during his sophomore year Haskins beat out incumbent starter Jeff Speedy during the 1995 season, starting the final nine of Kentucky's eleven games. That year, he completed 60.4% of his passes (a school record at the time) for 1,176 yards and four touchdowns. His 47-yard touchdown run against Tennessee in which he broke several tackles gave Kentucky a 31–27 lead and won multiple "Play of the Year" awards.
During the 1996 season, Haskins began splitting playing time with highly regarded freshman Tim Couch.
After the 1996 season Kentucky head coach Bill Curry was fired and replaced by Hal Mumme. Mumme installed a pass-oriented offense and announced that Couch would be the starting quarterback. Haskins transferred to the University of Rhode Island to finish his playing career.

## After football

As of 2019, Haskins has worked as an investment advisor in Alabama for 15 years. He is married and has 2 children.
# Phillip Rapoza

Phillip Rapoza (b. 1950) is a retired American judge. He was chief justice of the Massachusetts Appeals Court until his retirement in 2015. He was appointed to this court in 1998 and became the Chief Justice in 2006. He has worked internationally, serving on the Special Panels for Serious Crimes in Timor-Leste and heading a UN Criminal Justice Advisory Team in Haiti. He was also involved in programs in Cambodia relating to the Khmer Rouge Tribunal.

## Early life and education

Rapoza grew up in New Bedford, Massachusetts. He was educated at Yale and Cornell. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in history from Yale College and a Doctor of Law degree from Cornell Law School.

## Legal career

Rapoza was assistant district attorney in Suffolk and Bristol County District and later practiced as a criminal defense attorney in Fall River and New Bedford. He was appointed as a judge to the Fall River District Court in 1992, where he served for four years before his appointment to the Superior Court. He stayed in the Superior Court until his appointment in 1998 to the Massachusetts Appeals Court, the intermediate appellate court for the state of Massachusetts. In 2006 he became its Chief Justice. Rapoza retired from the judiciary on June 30, 2015, but continued his international work.

## International work

In the field of international criminal justice, Rapoza has served on two United Nations war crimes tribunals and is involved in a number of international legal initiatives. From 2003 to 2005 he took an unpaid leave of absence from the Massachusetts Appeals Court to work as an international judge and coordinator of the war crimes tribunal set up by the UN to prosecute crimes against humanity and other serious offenses committed during the Indonesian occupation of East Timor. On this tribunal he was the only judge from a common law country and the only one who had also worked as an attorney which gave him a unique perspective on the proceedings. In 2012, he was appointed as a reserve judge on the Supreme Court Chamber of the UN-backed Khmer Rouge Tribunal in Cambodia. He also led a UN Criminal Justice Advisory Team in Haiti.
Rapoza established the Commission for Justice Across the Atlantic, a legal exchange program between the United States and Portugal. He was the President of the International Penal and Penitentiary Foundation, which promotes studies around the world in the field of crime prevention and the treatment of offenders.
In 2023, Rapoza received a Portuguese knighthood for his international work.
# Ascot railway station

Ascot railway station, or Ascot train station, may refer to:
* Ascot railway station (Berkshire), a railway station in Ascot, Berkshire, England
* Ascot railway station, Brisbane, a railway station in Ascot, Brisbane, Australia
# Creston, California

Creston is a census-designated place in San Luis Obispo County, California, about 10 miles east of Atascadero.

## History

Creston (named after Calvin J. Cressy) was founded in 1884 on the Rancho Huerhuero Mexican land grant.
Creston was home to Creston Farm, where a number of retired American thoroughbred racehorses were boarded, including those listed below.
Notable retired racehorses who were stabled there include:
* Flying Paster (1976–1992)
* Golden Act (1976–2000)
* Skywalker (1982–2003)
* Itsallgreektome (1987–2007)
Writer and Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard died at his ranch near Creston.
In 2014, Creston was made an American Viticultural Area called the Creston District AVA.

## Transportation

Creston is near the following highways:
* California State Route 58
* California State Route 46
* California State Route 41
* California State Route 229

## Demographics

The 2010 United States Census reported that Creston had a population of 94. The population density was 165.3 inhabitants per square mile (63.8/km$^2$). The racial makeup of Creston was 89 (94.7%) White, 0 (0.0%) African American, 2 (2.1%) Native American, 1 (1.1%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 0 (0.0%) from other races, and 2 (2.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6 persons (6.4%).
The Census reported that 94 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.
There were 36 households, out of which 15 (41.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 20 (55.6%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 3 (8.3%) had a female householder with no husband present, 3 (8.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 3 (8.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 1 (2.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 8 households (22.2%) were made up of individuals, and 2 (5.6%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61. There were 26 families (72.2% of all households); the average family size was 2.96.
The population was spread out, with 22 people (23.4%) under the age of 18, 4 people (4.3%) aged 18 to 24, 28 people (29.8%) aged 25 to 44, 27 people (28.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 13 people (13.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.0 males.
There were 39 housing units at an average density of 68.6 per square mile (26.5/km$^2$), of which 27 (75.0%) were owner-occupied, and 9 (25.0%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0%; the rental vacancy rate was 0%. 64 people (68.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 30 people (31.9%) lived in rental housing units.
# David Knoller

David Knoller is a television producer, director and writer who has worked on several TV series including Carnivàle, Power, Big Love, Freaks and Geeks, Lovecraft Country and The Changeling.

## Early life and education

David Knoller grew up in Los Angeles, California. He is a graduate of California State University, Northridge.

## Career

Knoller has worked on several TV series, including Carnivàle, Power, Big Love, Freaks and Geeks, Alan Ball's Here and Now and is the executive producer of the HBO series pilot Lovecraft Country. He received both a CableACE and NAACP Image Award for Best Dramatic Special for the period film America's Dream, along with Golden Globe and Emmy nominations for Big Love.

## Personal life

Knoller is married to Emmy Award winning producer Wendy Knoller.
# Barbara Milton

Barbara Milton, also known as Barbara Milton Watkins Strater (8 July 1898 – 20 July 1971) was an American theatre actress.

## Biography

Barbara Milton was born Barbara Watkins in Louisville, Kentucky to Mrs. Edward J. Watkins. Her uncle was Bruce Haldeman, President of the company that published Colonel Henry Watterson's (also known as Marse Henry) Louisville Courier-Journal. Her grandfather, Colonel W. A. Milton, was Secretary-Treasurer of the company.
She spent her childhood in her native city. She attended the Louisville Girls' High School and in the spring of 1916, during her graduating year, she played the role of Katherine in the performance of The Taming of the Shrew given by the girls of the graduating class, at the Macauley Theatre. This performance fired her latent ambition to become an actress and follow a stage career. She communicated her desire to the first friend of the family, Colonel Watterson, who also suggested her stage name, Barbara Milton, after her grandfather. Later that summer, with a recommendation letter from Col. Watterson, she traveled with her mother to New York, to join Henry Miller's company as a general understudy. After a few weeks, her hard study and patience war rewarded with the role of Elisabeth Daingerfield, in the play Come out of the Kitchen. The New York Times from December 3, 1916, wrote:
   When it was determined that 'Come out of the Kitchen' should be presented in New York […] Mr. Miller decided to intrust the role of the other Daingerfield girl to the newcomer from the South (i.e. Barbara Milton). His faith was rewarded by a performance so fresh and natural as to add to the effectiveness of the whole.
Between 1916 and 1920 she played another two roles: Harriet Lane in Call the Doctor, at the Empire Theatre and Nellie, in The Acquittal. In 1921 she married Edward L. Strater. She later performed with the Little Theatre Co. in Louisville.

### Death

Barbara Watkins Strater died at 20 July 1971, in Louisville, at the age of 73.