OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2018 Play In Challenger

The 2018 Play In Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Lille, France, between 19 and 25 March 2018.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| FRA | Nicolas Mahut | 101 | 1 |
| FRA | Quentin Halys | 121 | 2 |
| GER | Yannick Maden | 136 | 3 |
| GER | Oscar Otte | 137 | 4 |
| FRA | Corentin Moutet | 138 | 5 |
| FRA | Stéphane Robert | 159 | 6 |
| GER | Mats Moraing | 163 | 7 |
| GER | Matthias Bachinger | 171 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of 5 March 2018.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Hugo Grenier
* Ugo Humbert
* Maxime Janvier
* Yannick Mertens
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Grégoire Barrère
* Antoine Escoffier
* David Guez
* Guillermo Olaso
The following player received entry as a lucky loser:
* Laurynas Grigelis

## Champions
### Singles

* Grégoire Barrère def. Tobias Kamke 6–1, 6–4.

### Doubles

* Hugo Nys / Tim Pütz def. Jeevan Nedunchezhiyan / Purav Raja 7–6$^{(7–3)}$, 1–6, [10–7].
# Charles J. Bell

Charles J. Bell may refer to:
* Charles J. Bell (politician) (1845–1909), American politician; governor of Vermont
* Charles J. Bell (businessman) (1858–1929), Irish-American financier and businessman
# Charles Hubbard (American football)

Charles Joseph Hubbard Jr. was an American football player. After attending Milton Academy, he played college football at the guard position for the Harvard Crimson football team from 1921 to 1923. He was a consensus All-American in 1922 and 1923. He was elected team captain for the latter year.
Hubbard was also a member of Harvard's crew team. His father, also Charles Joseph Hubbard, and brother, Wynant Davis Hubbard, both attended Harvard.
# Charles Fraser (footballer)

Charles Roderick Fraser (born 1907, date of death unknown) was an English professional footballer, who spent his entire career with Luton Town.

## Career

After playing youth football for his local club Fairbairn House, Fraser signed for Luton Town in 1926. Making 270 appearances in nine years with the club, Fraser left the club in 1935.
# 2019 Ladies Open Hechingen – Doubles

Polina Monova and Chantal Škamlová were the defending champions, but Monova chose not to participate. Škamlová played alongside Ágnes Bukta, but they lost in the first round to Katharina Gerlach and Julia Wachaczyk.
Cristina Dinu and Lina Gjorcheska won the title, defeating Olga Danilović and Georgina García Pérez in the final, 4–6, 7–5, [10–7].

## Seeds

* Dalila Jakupović / Yana Sizikova (semifinals)
* Olga Danilović / Georgina García Pérez (final)
* Elena Bogdan / Laura Ioana Paar (semifinals)
* Albina Khabibulina / Sofia Shapatava (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | D Jakupović Y Sizikova | w/o | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | L Schaeder E Seibold | | | | 1 | D Jakupović Y Sizikova | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | M Melnikova E Wacanno | 5 | 6 | [8] | | T Morderger Y Morderger | 5 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | T Morderger Y Morderger | 7 | 2 | [10] | | | | | | 1 | D Jakupović Y Sizikova | 6 | 4 | [11] | | | | | |
| 4 | A Khabibulina S Shapatava | 7 | 4 | [6] | | | | | | | C Dinu L Gjorcheska | 3 | 6 | [13] | | | | | |
| | I Fetecău K Kennel | 5 | 6 | [10] | | I Fetecău K Kennel | 4 | 6 | [8] | | | | | | | | | | |
| | C Dinu L Gjorcheska | 6 | 6 | | | C Dinu L Gjorcheska | 6 | 2 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | M Mack A Vecic | 4 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | C Dinu L Gjorcheska | 4 | 7 | [10] |
| WC | A Gabric C Schultheiss | 1 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | O Danilović G García Pérez | 6 | 5 | [7] |
| | P Krejsová J Malečková | 6 | 6 | | | P Krejsová J Malečková | 5 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Klasen R Kölzer | 2 | 5 | | 3 | E Bogdan LI Paar | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | E Bogdan LI Paar | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | 3 | E Bogdan LI Paar | 1 | 2 | | | | | | |
| | K Gerlach J Wachaczyk | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 2 | O Danilović G García Pérez | 6 | 6 | | | | | | |
| | Á Bukta C Škamlová | 3 | 1 | | | K Gerlach J Wachaczyk | 6 | 3 | [7] | | | | | | | | | | |
| | T Korpatsch P Wuarin | 1 | 2 | | 2 | O Danilović G García Pérez | 4 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | O Danilović G García Pérez | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# 2019 Ladies Open Hechingen

The 2019 Ladies Open Hechingen was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the twenty-first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Hechingen, Germany between 5 and 11 August 2019.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| GER | Tamara Korpatsch | 115 | 1 |
| SLO | Dalila Jakupović | 144 | 2 |
| NED | Bibiane Schoofs | 156 | 3 |
| AUT | Barbara Haas | 161 | 4 |
| GER | Katharina Hobgarski | 200 | 5 |
| ROU | Alexandra Cadanțu | 217 | 6 |
| ESP | Georgina García Pérez | 218 | 7 |
| AUT | Julia Grabher | 239 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of 29 July 2019.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Katharina Hobgarski
* Laura Schaeder
* Carmen Schultheiss
* Alexandra Vecic
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Kamilla Bartone
* Michaela Bayerlová
* Anna Gabric
* Eleni Kordolaimi
* Tayisiya Morderger
* Teliana Pereira
* Melanie Stokke
* Julia Wachaczyk

## Champions
### Singles

* Barbara Haas def. Olga Danilović, 6–2, 6–1

### Doubles

* Cristina Dinu / Lina Gjorcheska def. Olga Danilović / Georgina García Pérez, 4–6, 7–5, [10–7]
# 2019 Oeste Ladies Open

The 2019 Oeste Ladies Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Caldas da Rainha, Portugal between 23 and 29 September 2019.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| EST | Kaia Kanepi | 114 | 1 |
| ITA | Giulia Gatto-Monticone | 161 | 2 |
| BUL | Viktoriya Tomova | 181 | 3 |
| TUR | Pemra Özgen | 185 | 4 |
| GER | Katharina Hobgarski | 193 | 5 |
| LAT | Diāna Marcinkēviča | 196 | 6 |
| FRA | Jessika Ponchet | 202 | 7 |
| BUL | Elitsa Kostova | 207 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of 16 September 2019.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Maria Inês Fonte
* Francisca Jorge
* Inês Murta
* Laura Pigossi
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Ainhoa Atucha Gómez
* Victoria Bosio
* Sarah Beth Grey
* Karin Kennel
* Verena Meliss
* Laetitia Pulchartová
* Ekaterina Shalimova
* Eden Silva
The following player received entry as a lucky loser:
* Olga Parres Azcoitia

## Champions
### Singles

* Isabella Shinikova def. Natalija Kostić, 6–3, 2–0, ret.

### Doubles

* Jessika Ponchet / Isabella Shinikova def. Anna Danilina / Vivian Heisen, 6–1, 6–3
# Mary Pat Moyer

Mary Pat Moyer is an American bioengineer.
Moyer completed her final year of high school during her first year at Stetson University, and later transferred to Florida Atlantic University, where she earned bachelor's and master's degrees in biology in 1972 and 1974, respectively. Moyer specialized in microbiology during her doctoral studies at the University of Texas at Austin, which she completed in 1981. Upon obtaining her doctorate, Moyer joined the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio faculty for two decades. After stepping away from UT Heath San Antonio, Moyer founded the Incell Corporation.
Moyer was elected a member of the United States National Academy of Engineering in 2019.
# María Luz Morales

María Luz Morales Godoy (1889 in La Coruña – 1980 in Barcelona) was a pioneering Spanish cultural journalist and writer of the 20th century.
She was the first woman in Spain to direct a national newspaper, La Vanguardia, which she managed during the period of 1936 and 1937 at the beginning of the Guerra Civil Española.
In 1939, she was detained for 40 days and was professionally unable to work because of Francoism. With the retorno de la democracia, she continued her work, collaborating with Diario de Barcelona until her death, at the age of 91. She was instrumental in the incorporation of women for journalistic and literary activity in España del siglo XX.

## Awards and honours

* 1956 - Orden de las Palmas Académicas
* 1963 - Premio Nacional de Teatro (1962)
* 1971 - Lazo de Isabel la Católica

## Selected works

* Parientes y trastos viejos (inédita)
* Trovas de otros tiempos, 1928
* Libros, mujeres y niños, 1928
* Las románticas, 1930
* Edison, 1934
* Romance de media noche (with Elisabeth Mulder), 1935
* Julio César, 1936
* Madame Curie, 1936
* Alejandro Magno, 1936
* Alguien a quien conocí, 1937
* Tres historias de amor en la Revolución francesa, 1942
* María Antonieta, 1943
* El mundo de las hormigas, 1948
* El Cine: historia ilustrada del séptimo arte, 1950
* Hazañas del Cid, 1951. ISBN 9785518959859, OCLC 868202579
* Enciclopedia del hogar, 1952
* Rosalinda en la ventana, 1954
* Balcón al Atlántico: (otra novela sin héroe), 1955
* Balcón al Mediterráneo, 1955
* Historias del décimo círculo, 1962
* Libro de oro de la poesía en lengua castellana, 1970
# Charles Galibert

Pierre Charles Christophe Galibert (8 August 1826 – 7 August 1858) was a French composer.

## Life

A native of Salins-les-Bains in the Jura, Galibert joined the Conservatoire de Paris in March 1845, where he would later have Camille Saint-Saëns as his classmate.
In 1851, his cantata Le Prisonnier earned him the first second prize of the Prix de Rome in musical composition, which he finally won as a laureate in 1853, with another cantata Les Rochers d'Appenzell, on a text by Édouard Monnais.
He stayed at the Villa Médicis from February 1854 to December 1855 and returned to Paris in 1857. He then composed Après l'orage, an opera written on a poem by Henry Boisseaux, which was a huge success at the Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens. The critics greeted Charles Galibert as a very promising talent, as already a few months before, when he conducted the orchestra of the inauguration of the spa of Salins-les-Bains.
Galibert's died on the eve of his 32nd birthday.

## Works

* Le Prisonnier
* Les Rochers d’Appenzell
* Après l’Orage
# María Valdés

María Valdés may refer to:
* María de Valdés, Spanish swimmer
* María Fernanda Valdés (born 1992), Chilean weightlifter
* María Teresa Valdés (1961–2003), Spanish archer
# Matari Advertising

Matari Advertising is an Indonesian advertising agency which was established in 1971 with the reason that "Only Indonesian would understand and could communicate with other Indonesian", referring to the advertising industry in Indonesia which was, at that time dominated by foreign advertising companies.

## History

Matari Advertising was established in 1971. it was founded by late Ken Sudarto (So Kian-Djiang), who is considered as one of the iconic figure in Indonesian advertising industry. Matari Advertising is also one of the founder of Persatuan Perusahaan Periklanan Indonesia (Indonesian Advertising Company association) or also known as PPPI.
Matari advertising started as Matari Inc. which was a subsidiary company of Mark Lean Advertising Agency and used most of their resources from the company, before finally separate themselves from the company and become an independent company which fully uses local resources, because they believe that the Indonesian understand their country better than anyone else.

## Suspension

In 1973, Matari advertising had a problem with Indonesian Advertising Company Association and Grant International, which resulted in Matari advertising being suspended for a short period of time. During the period of 1975 - 1976, Matari advertising faced difficulty because they were trying to speculate outside advertising industry. However, they were saved by the investments from their old clients, one of them is Astra International. Matari also received a big investment from Paul Karmadi, a well known Indonesian businessman and also an old friend of Ken Sudarto, by buying 30% of the share.

## Recognition

Matari advertising is the first Indonesian advertising agency that made their way to the final of Clio Award in the 80's.
As for billing, Matari advertising is always in the top 5 position in Indonesian advertising industry, competing with multinational advertising agencies.
In August 2013, Matari advertising held a charity titled "Matari 4 Shared" with the purposes to give helps to Indonesian children who have cancer.
# Masami Yoshida

Masami Yoshida may refer to:
* Masami Yoshida (javelin thrower) (吉田 雅美, 1958–2000), Japanese javelin thrower
* Masami Yoshida (sprinter) (吉田 正美, born 1946), Japanese sprinter
# Charles Shere

Charles Shere (August 20, 1935 — December 15, 2020) was an American composer. He studied composition briefly with Robert Erickson and Luciano Berio but was largely self-taught. His music was primarily in unconventional notations and open form through the 1970s and early 1980s, but turned to more conventional forms (though not expression) thereafter. He was Music Director of radio KPFA in Berkeley in the late 1960s, a producer at KQED-TV in San Francisco from 1967 to 1971, and music critic of the Oakland (California) Tribune from 1971 to his retirement in 1988, and taught music history (and occasionally composition) at Mills College (Oakland, California) from 1971 to 1986.
Principal work includes the opera The Bride stripped bare by her bachelors, even (1964–1986), after the painting by Marcel Duchamp, a Symphony in three movements (1989), concerti for piano and for violin (1964; 1989), a number of songs, the piano sonatas Bachelor machine (1985) and Compositio ut explicatio (2006), and various pieces for chamber ensembles.
His books include Thinking sound music: the life and work of Robert Erickson, "How I Read Stein," "How I Saw Duchamp," and (as co-editor) Everbest ever: correspondence [by Virgil Thomson] with Bay Area friends, and he has written numerous reviews and biographical notices for periodicals and reference books.
He was the recipient of two fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts (as an art critic and an opera composer), and is the subject of an article in the New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians.
# Materialism (disambiguation)

Materialism is the view that the universe consists only of organized matter and energy.
Materialism or materialist may also refer to:
* Economic materialism, the desire to accumulate material goods
* Christian materialism, the combination of Christian theology with the ideas of materialism, which places a high value on material things
* Cultural materialism (anthropology), an anthropological research orientation first introduced by Marvin Harris
* Cultural materialism (cultural studies), a movement in literary theory and cultural studies originating with left-wing literary critic Raymond Williams
* Historical materialism, Karl Marx's theory of history
* Dialectical materialism, a philosophy of science, history, and nature based on the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
* Spiritual materialism, a term coined by Chögyam Trungpa to describe capitalist and spiritual narcissism
* Philosophical materialism, a doctrine described by Gustavo Bueno which rejects physical reductivism and excludes any possibility of spiritual life without reference to organic life
* Scientific materialism, the view that there are only natural elements, principles, and relations of the kind studied by the natural sciences.
# Charlie Sims

Charlie Sims may refer to:
* Charlie Sims (The Only Way Is Essex)
* Charlie Sims, character in Center Stage (2000 film)
# Charlie Siringo's West

Charlie Siringo's West: An Interpretive Biography is a biography of former Pinkerton Detective Charlie Siringo, by historian Howard R. Lamar. It was published by the University of New Mexico Press in 2005.
In addition to its purely biographical theme, the book examines Siringo's life in the context of the Pinkerton agency's descent into illegality, and the increasing romanticisation of "Wild West" characters by a fast-growing Hollywood film industry of the 1920s.
The book won the 2006 Bronze Wrangler award for nonfiction from the National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum.

## Editions

* Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press, 2005 , ISBN 0-8263-3669-8
# Chaukhan

Chaukhan, also written Chokhan, is a large village located in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. In 2011 it has a population of almost 7,000. Local landmarks include Bhadreshwar Dham Temple and Kadam khandi. Nearby villages include Golasani, Barli, Rajasthan, and Bhadrava Moklavaas. Chokha is situated in the surrounding hills, and Umaid Sagar lake is nearby.
# Mathew Flathers

Mathew Flathers (Matthew; alias Major) (c. 1580 – 21 March c. 1607) was an English Roman Catholic priest. He is a Catholic martyr, beatified in 1987.

## Life

Born at Weston, West Riding of Yorkshire, Flathers was educated at Douai, graduating on 5 June 1605. He was ordained at Arras on 25 March 1606. and became an oblate of the Benedictine order. Three months later he was sent to the English mission, arriving on 30 June alongside Thomas Somers.
Flathers was discovered almost immediately by the agents of the Government; after the Gunpowder Plot, the English state was particularly active in hunting down Catholic priests. He was brought to trial, under the statute of 27 Elizabeth, on the charge of receiving orders abroad, and condemned to death. By an act of clemency, this sentence was commuted to banishment for life; but after a brief exile, Flathers returned to England and his mission. After ministering for a short time to Catholics in Yorkshire, he was apprehended again at Upsall Castle through the efforts of Stephen Proctor, Timothy Whittingham, and Thomas Posthumous Hoby.
Brought to trial at York on the charge of being ordained abroad and exercising priestly functions in England, Flathers was offered his life on condition that he take the recently enacted Oath of Allegiance. On his refusal, he was condemned to death and taken to the common place of execution outside Micklegate Bar, York.
There Flathers was hanged, drawn, and quartered; biographers recorded that after he was cut down alive, a man "with a halberd stroke him upon the head and cutt off a peece, another with a sword cutt him overthwart the face", and a third "with a hatchet cutt off his head". Various sources give the year of his death as 1606, 1607, or 1608, but agree on a date of 21 March.
# Matanui

Matanui is a genus of triplefin blennies (family Tripterygiidae), they are endemic to New Zealand.

## Species

* Chatham deep-water triplefin, Matanui bathytaton (Hardy, 1989)
* Deepwater triplefin, Matanui profundum (Fricke & Roberts, 1994)

## Etymology

The name Matanui is derived from the Māori words mata meaning "eye" and nui meaning "large", a reference to its large eyes.
# Chelonides

Chelonides is a genus of late Jurassic turtle from marine deposits in Lower Saxony, Germany.

## Taxonomy

The name Chelonides wittei was coined by Maack (1869) for a partial shell (GZG 773–1) a partial skull (GZG 773–2), and isolated shell and girdle elements (GZG 773–3 to 773–17) from Hannover, northwestern Germany. Later, Portis (1878) erected a second species, C. robusta, for elements of the shell (GZG 769–11 to 769–19). Hay (1905) considered Chelonides preoccupied without comment and erected Anaphotidemys as a replacement. Kuhn (1964) mistakenly considered the genus preoccupied by Chelonides Boisduval, 1840, a tribe of nocturnal lepidopterans. In their overview of Upper Jurassic and Early Cretaceous turtles from northwestern Germany, Karl et al. (2007) treated the two nominal Chelonides species as synonymous with the plesiochelyid Plesiochelys without justification. A 2017 overview of thalassochelydians, however, indicates that Chelonides is a valid genus of eurysternid, although, C. robusta is a nomen dubium.
# 2019 Suzhou Ladies Open

The 2019 Suzhou Ladies Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the eighth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Suzhou, China between 14 and 20 October 2019.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| CHN | Wang Yafan | 47 | 1 |
| JPN | Nao Hibino | 90 | 2 |
| CHN | Peng Shuai | 96 | 3 |
| CHN | Zhu Lin | 106 | 4 |
| GBR | Harriet Dart | 133 | 5 |
| CHN | Wang Xinyu | 155 | 6 |
| JPN | Kurumi Nara | 159 | 7 |
| RUS | Valeria Savinykh | 164 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of 7 October 2019.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Feng Shuo
* Liu Yanni
* Sun Xuliu
* Yuan Yi
The following player received entry using a special exempt:
* Gao Xinyu
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Guo Hanyu
* Guo Meiqi
* Jiang Xinyu
* Peangtarn Plipuech
* Sun Ziyue
* Clara Tauson
* Wang Meiling
* Emily Webley-Smith

## Champions
### Singles

* Peng Shuai def. Zhu Lin, 6–2, 3–6, 6–2

### Doubles

* Jiang Xinyu / Tang Qianhui def. Ankita Raina / Rosalie van der Hoek, 3–6, 6–3, [10–5]
# Cherokee State Park (Kentucky)

Cherokee State Park was a blacks-only state park located in Marshall County, Kentucky, near Hardin, Kentucky. It was a complement to the then-whites-only Kentucky Lake State Park (now Kenlake State Resort Park), which was nearby. It was built by the Tennessee Valley Authority, which went along with the concept of the "separate but equal" doctrine. The TVA gave the state of Kentucky a nineteen-year lease, and promised to give Kentucky the area when it proved it could support the park. In its time it was dubbed "the finest colored vacation site in the South." This sentiment was echoed in a 1952 Kentucky state map.
Opened in 1951, Cherokee State Park was the third blacks-only state park and the first such state park in Kentucky and the Southern United States. It was the only blacks-only state park Kentucky had.
With a size of 300 acres (1.2 km$^2$), Cherokee State Park had several amenities. These included a 200-person dining hall (1953), docks for fishing and boating, picnicking, a bathhouse for the lake's beach, and a restaurant. There was also twelve cottages (1953) for overnight lodging. It drew visitors from Western Kentucky, Southern Illinois, and Northern Kentucky. Sand often had to be brought in to keep the beach usable, as it was rocky in nature.
With the desegregation movements in the 1960s, Cherokee State Park was closed, and its cottages moved to Kenlake. In 1998 the sculling team of nearby Murray State University used the property to highlight its many rewards, but did nothing to note its history. It is now part of Kenlake State Resort Park. Few of the original buildings remain, but there are plans to reopen the area.
On January 9, 2009, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
# Charlie Luke

Charlie Luke may refer to:
* Charlie Luke (Australian footballer) (1915–1998), Footscray VFL footballer
* Charlie Luke (English footballer) (1909–1983), Huddersfield Town association footballer
# Book of Southern Tang

Book of Southern Tang (南唐書; Nantang Shu) could refer to one of three ancient Chinese historiography books on the history of Southern Tang (937–975):
* Book of Southern Tang (Ma Ling book) (1105)
* Book of Southern Tang (Lu You book) (1184)
* Book of Southern Tang, by Hu Hui (胡恢), mentioned in a 1701 book but no longer extant