OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1st Newcastle-upon-Tyne Artillery Volunteers

The 1st Newcastle upon Tyne Artillery Volunteer Corps was a unit of the Volunteer Force raised to supplement the British Army at a time of a perceived French threat in 1860.

## History

The unit was formed on the 2 June 1860 during the great surge of enthusiasm after an invasion scare that saw the creation of many Rifle, Artillery and Engineer Volunteer units composed of part-time soldiers eager to supplement the Regular British Army in time of need.
Attached to the 1st Newcastle AVC were the 1st Berwick-on-Tweed Artillery Volunteers from 1863 until 1866. In addition the 2nd Northumberland Artillery Volunteers were attached during 1863 and 1864 and the 3rd Durham Artillery Volunteers from 1873 until 1890.
In 1899 the Headquarters for the Corps was built. Named as the Angus Hall Drill Hall, it was constructed at Liddell Terrace, Gateshead.
On transfer to the Territorial Force in 1908 the Corps provided the 5th (Durham) Howitzer Battery of the 4th Northumbrian (County of Durham)(H) Brigade, Royal Field Artillery.

## Honorary Colonel

The Honorary Colonel from January 1866 until his death in 1877 was Lord Henry H M Percy VC. From 1885 it was Colonel J R Young.
# Lodovico Pizzati

Lodovico Pizzati (born 3 September 1973) is an Italian economist, politician, and university professor. He currently teaches at the University of Southern California in the Economics department, where he teaches a combination of upper and lower level courses.

## Biography

Pizzati was born in Valdagno, the son of Giulio Pizzati, one of the earliest members of Liga Veneta (and later of Liga Federativa Veneta), In 1990 Lodovico was an activist of Veneto Autonomous Region Movement, his father's party at the time. Shortly after, he went to California, United States to study at a local high school. Having moved to Washington, D.C., he earned a Ph.D. in economics at Georgetown University. In 2006 Pizzati returned in Veneto because he wanted his children to learn the Venetian language and to live the Venetian way. From 2006 to 2013 he was a contract professor of economics at Ca' Foscari University of Venice. Since 2013 he returned to the United States as a professor of economic statistics at California State University in Los Angeles, California, and later at the University of Southern California.

## Politics

A lapsed voter (living abroad for years), Pizzati had voted just twice during his life (Liga Veneta Repubblica in 1999 and North-East Project in 2006) before entering politics. In 2008 he joined the Venetian National Party (PNV) and was the party's president from 2009. In September 2010 Pizzati was elected secretary of Veneto State (VS), the result of the merger of the PNV with other separatist groups. As VS leader he conceived some provoking initiatives, such as the "Monument of the Entrepreneur" (exposed in Arzignano in protest to Italian high taxation on business) and the so-called "fiscal trips" (bus trips to neighbouring Austria and Slovenia, during which participants had the chance to open bank accounts). In October 2011, after an internal struggle, Pizzati was replaced as secretary by Antonio Guadagnini. In May 2012 Pizzati switched to Venetian Independence (IV) and was elected secretary of the new party. In July 2013 Pizzati, who had lost a key vote during an IV's congress in June, launched Plebiscite 2013 (P2013), a cross-party nonpartisan committee for a referendum on independence, of which he became spokesperson; subsequently, in late August, he was dismissed as secretary of IV.

## Language and editing

Among other things, Pizzati has been one of the six experts appointed by Veneto Region to fix the rules of standard Venetian language and the official Venetian names of all 581 municipalities of Veneto, the producer of the Venetian version of Clifford the Big Red Dog, and an editor of the Venetian Wikipedia.
# Bradyrhizobium icense

Bradyrhizobium icense is a bacterium from the genus of Bradyrhizobium.
# Lodha people

Lodha people are one of Schedule Tribes and PVTGs of India, primarily living in West Bengal and Odisha. Lodhas of West Bengal mostly live the Paschim Medinipur and Jhargham districts. A section of the Lodha has converted to Islam, and formed a distinct community called the Lodha Muslims.

## Demographics

As per 2001 census, Lodhas numbered 84,966 and formed 1.9 per cent of the scheduled tribe population of West Bengal. They had a literacy rate of 34.8 per cent. As per the 2011 census, the Lodhas population is 108,707 and 9,785 in West Bengal and Odisha respectively.
Historical number of Lodha tribe :
| Census year | West Bengal | Odisha |
| 1971 | 45,906 | 1,508 |
| 1981 | 53,718 | 5,100 |
| 1991 | 68,095 | 7,458 |
| 2001 | 84,966 | 8,905 |
| 2011 | 1,08,707 | 9,785 |
The Lodhas of Odisha are primarily found in Suliapada and Morada blocks of Baripada sub-division of Mayurbhanj district of Orissa.

## Focus

Lodha means piece of flesh named after their ancestor. Lodhas have been in the focus of anthropologists and social activists. During the early period of their rule, the British government in India oppressed the tribal people of Jungle Mahals, who were traditionally dependent upon the forests for a living. They had revolted but were ruthlessly suppressed. Having been deprived of their livelihood and without any alternatives, they took to criminal ways of life and were subsequently branded a criminal tribe. They should properly be labelled as uprooted rebels. Lodha titles are Nayek, Mallick, Digar, Sardar, Bhokta, Kotal, Dandapat, Bhunya etc. These titles were also used by the Sabars. One of the most important research on the Lodhas was done by a Calcutta University faculty, Prabodh Kumar Bhowmick. Much later, researchers from the Department of Anthropology at Vidyasagar University have done empirical studies on the development scenario of the Lodha tribe in Mendinpur district who were by that time declared as a 'Primitive Tribal Group' (PTG) by the Government of India.
# 1998 Havant Borough Council election

The 1998 Havant Borough Council election took place on 7 May 1998 to elect members of Havant Borough Council in Hampshire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control.
After the election, the composition of the council was
* Liberal Democrats 14
* Conservative 14
* Labour 8
* Independent 3
* Others 3

## Election result

Overall turnout at the election was 28%.
Havant local election result 1998 :
| Party | Seats | Net gain/loss | Seats % |
| Liberal Democrats | 6 | -3 | 40.0 |
| Conservative | 6 | +3 | 40.0 |
| Labour | 3 | +1 | 20.0 |
| Others | 0 | -1 | 0 |
# Logan, Lawrence County, Indiana

Logan is an unincorporated community in Lawrence County, Indiana, in the United States.
Logan grew around a rail yard built at that point.
# 2000 Brownlow Medal

The 2000 Brownlow Medal was the 73rd year the award was presented to the player adjudged the fairest and best player during the Australian Football League (AFL) home-and-away season. Shane Woewodin of the Melbourne Football Club won the medal by polling twenty-four votes during the 2000 AFL season.
The Essendon Football Club set a record for the highest number of votes collected as a team, with 116 out of a possible 132 votes. The club polled at least one vote in every game, including all six votes in 14 games.

## Leading vote-getters

| | Player | Votes |
| 1st | Shane Woewodin (Melbourne) | 24 |
| 2nd | Scott West (Western Bulldogs) | 22 |
| 3rd | Andrew McLeod (Adelaide) | 20 |
| 4th | Anthony Koutoufides (Carlton) | 19 |
| =5th | Nathan Buckley (Collingwood) | 18 |
| =5th | Brett Ratten (Carlton) | 18 |
| =7th | Michael O'Loughlin (Sydney) | 16 |
| =7th | Michael Voss (Brisbane Lions) | 16 |
| =7th | James Hird (Essendon) | 16 |
| =10th | Wayne Carey (Kangaroos) | 14 |
| =10th | Nick Holland (Hawthorn) | 14 |
| =10th | Adem Yze (Melbourne) | 14 |
| =10th | Brent Harvey (Kangaroos) | 14 |
| =10th | Tony Liberatore (Western Bulldogs) | 14 |
| =10th | Matthew Lloyd (Essendon) | 14 |
# Braid algebra

A braid algebra can be:
* A Gerstenhaber algebra (also called an antibracket algebra).
* An algebra related to the braid group.
# Brachfield, Texas

Brachfield (formerly Murval and Needmore) is an unincorporated community in Rusk County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 40 in 2000. It is located within the Longview, Texas metropolitan area.

## History

The town was named after its creek, Murval Creek in the 1860s, it was nearby Gibson, which was also named after Murval Creek, and they both shared a post office in 1853, with Archibald H. Watkins as postmaster. Families surnamed Watkins, Miller, Brown, Welch, Hannah, and Debard were early settlers here. Trammel's Trace traveled through the community and may have been the source of settlement for the community. It was referred to as Needmore by its local county newspaper from 1892 to 1905 (because it seemingly "needed more" of everything), but to prevent confusion with the Needmore located in Terry County, it was renamed again after the residents had stuck with the name. A passing hotel and store were built for people coming from the booming Welch Springs by Nathaniel Johnston, who took over as postmaster in 1896. The town is currently named Brachfield because in 1900 Charles L. Brachfield visited the town and stood in one of its fields to make a speech, a new post office was also named after him but closed in 1906. The locals call speeches like this 'stump speeches' because of the cleared field Brachfield spoke in. Population figures before the 1950s aren't available, but in the 1950s and '60s, the community population peaked at 80, but fell in the '70s and '80s and had 30 people in 1990, then rose again by 10 in the '90s to be 40 in 2000.

## Geography

Brachfield is located at the intersection of Farm to Market Roads 840 and 1798, 13 mi (21 km) southeast of Henderson, 9 mi (14 km) north of Mount Enterprise, 5 mi (8.0 km) southwest of Pine Hill, 19 mi (31 km) southwest of Carthage, and 31 mi (50 km) north of Nacogdoches in far eastern Rusk County.

## Education

Today, the community is served by the Henderson Independent School District.
# Brachemys

Brachemys is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Melyridae.
The species of this genus are found in Europe.
Species:
* Brachemys brevipennis (Laporte de Castelnau, 1838)
* Brachemys demelti Evers, 1961
# Logging Time

Logging Time is the debut release by American new wave band Industry. The extended play was released independently on Metro Records in 1980.
Its tagline was shown at the back of the album. It describes the definition of Industry:
* "INDUSTRY is the catalyst between man, his material needs & wants."
* "INDUSTRY indefinitely enlarges the complex dichotomy of material exchange."
* "INDUSTRY maintains the econoculture & the legend of technoevolution."
# Lomatium quintuplex

Lomatium quintuplex is a perennial herb in the carrot family Apiaceae, native to the U.S. state of Washington, and known by the common name Umtanum desertparsley. It grows in thin rocky soil on open slopes and is known only from a small region in Kittitas and Yakima counties.

## Description

Plants are small, usually less than 30 cm (12 inches) tall. The compound leaves are held on short thick stalks and are highly dissected into nearly cylindrical linear leaflets that terminate in a point. Leaflets are 1–3 cm long and about 1 mm in diameter. Flowers appear early in the growth season (March or April) and are held above or to the side of the foliage in a compound umbel on thick, fleshy stalks that arise from the base of the plant. The flowers are yellow.

## Range and habitat

Lomatium quintuplex has a narrow range in central Washington scablands, but it can be locally very common. It generally grows in shallow rocky soil above basalt bedrock, where water comes mostly from snow melt and early spring rains, and the soils are often dry to bedrock by early summer.

## Gallery

* Part of one leaf
* Compound flower umbel
# Braden Gellenthien

Braden Gellenthien (born April 26, 1986 in Boston) is an athlete from the United States who competes in compound archery. He is a former world number one archer and has won individual gold medals at the FITA Archery World Cup, Indoor World Championships and Arizona Cup, and team gold medals at the World Archery Championships.
He won the 2021 Athlete of the Year award by World Archery Americas in the compound men category.
He competed at the 2022 World Games held in Birmingham, Alabama, United States.
He is married to Danish archer Tanja Jensen.
# Lone Tree, Missouri

Lone Tree is an unincorporated community in Cass County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

## History

A post office called Lonetree was established in 1883, and remained in operation until 1916. The community took its name from a large individual oak tree near the original town site.
# Lone Tree Cemetery

Lone Tree Cemetery may refer to:
* Lone Tree Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery, Ypres, Belgium
* Lone Tree Cemetery, Fairview, California
# Bran Ardchenn

Bran Ardchenn mac Muiredaig (died 795) was a King of Leinster of the Uí Muiredaig sept of the Uí Dúnlainge branch of the Laigin. He was the son of Muiredach mac Murchado (died 760), a previous king. This sept had their royal seat at Maistiu (Mullaghmast) in South Kildare. He ruled from 785-795.
Bran was a rival of Ruaidrí mac Fáeláin (died 785) of the Uí Fáeláin sept for the throne. In 780 the high king Donnchad Midi (died 797) campaigned against Leinster and defeated Ruaidrí mac Fáeláin, devastating the territory of his adherents. That same year a congress of the synods of Uí Néill and Laigin was held at Tara and peace was restored. Donnchad may have been campaigning in the interests of Bran and he may have been installed as king at this congress.
In 782 Bran was defeated and captured at the battle of Curragh (near Kildare) by Ruaidrí. Brans's allies Mugrón mac Flainn, king of Uí Failgi, and Dub dá Crích son of Laidcnén of the Uí Cheinnselaig were slain. Bran succeeded to the throne in 785.
Bran had married Eithne ingen Domnaill (died 795), the sister of Donnchad Midi, the high king of the Clann Cholmáin. This relationship ensured good relations with the high king during his reign. In 794 Donnchad led a hosting into Munster to protect the Laigin.
On 6 May 795 Bran and Eithne were assassinated in a church at Cell Cúile Duma (near Stradbally, Co. Leix) by his successor Fínsnechta Cethardec mac Cellaig (died 808) of the Uí Dúnchada sept. This was a ruthless political gesture directed at the high king Donnchad.
His sons included Muiredach mac Brain (died 818) and Cellach mac Brain (died 834), both kings of Leinster.
# 2001 Big Ten baseball tournament

The 2001 Big Ten Conference baseball tournament was held at Bill Davis Stadium on the campus of Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio, from May 15 through 19. The top six teams from the regular season participated in the double-elimination tournament, the twentieth annual tournament sponsored by the Big Ten Conference to determine the league champion. Minnesota won their seventh tournament championship and earned the Big Ten Conference's automatic bid to the 2001 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

## Format and seeding

The 2001 tournament was a 6-team double-elimination tournament, with seeds determined by conference regular season winning percentage only.
| Team | W | L | PCT | GB | Seed |
| Ohio State | 20 | 7 | .741 | – | 1 |
| Purdue | 19 | 7 | .731 | .5 | 2 |
| Minnesota | 19 | 8 | .704 | 1 | 3 |
| Penn State | 15 | 11 | .577 | 4.5 | 4 |
| Illinois | 13 | 14 | .481 | 7 | 5 |
| Michigan | 10 | 14 | .417 | 8.5 | 6 |
| Northwestern | 11 | 17 | .393 | 9.5 | – |
| Michigan State | 9 | 17 | .346 | 10.5 | – |
| Iowa | 8 | 17 | .320 | 11 | – |
| Indiana | 7 | 19 | .269 | 12.5 | – |

## Tournament

| First round | First round | First round | Second round | Second round | Second round | Third round | Third round | Third round | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| | | | 1 | Ohio State | 3 | | | | | | | |
| | | | 4 | Penn State | 4 | | | | | | | |
| 1 | Ohio State | 8 | 4 | Penn State | 4 | 4 | Penn State | 2 | | | | |
| 6 | Michigan | 4 | | | | 6 | Michigan | 10 | | | | |
| 6 | Michigan | 4 | 2 | Purdue | 2 | 6 | Michigan | 10 | | | | |
| | | | 6 | Michigan | 10 | | | | | | | |
| 2 | Purdue | 5 | 6 | Michigan | 10 | | | | 6 | Michigan | 2 | — |
| 5 | Illinois | 9 | | | | | | | 3 | Minnesota | 3 | — |
| 5 | Illinois | 9 | 5 | Illinois | 11 | | | | 3 | Minnesota | 3 | — |
| | | | 3 | Minnesota | 15 | | | | | | | |
| 3 | Minnesota | 4 | 3 | Minnesota | 15 | 3 | Minnesota | 6 | | | | |
| 4 | Penn State | 2 | | | | 1 | Ohio State | 5 | | | | |
| 4 | Penn State | 2 | 1 | Ohio State | 10 | 1 | Ohio State | 5 | | | | |
| | | | 5 | Illinois | 0 | | | | | | | |

## All-Tournament Team

The following players were named to the All-Tournament Team.
| Pos | Name | School |
| P | Bobby Wood | Michigan |
| P | Mike Kobow | Minnesota |
| P | Greg Prenger | Ohio State |
| C | Jake Fox | Michigan |
| C | Josh Holthaus | Minnesota |
| 2B | Scott Tousa | Michigan |
| SS | Trent McIlvain | Ohio State |
| 3B | Jack Hannahan | Minnesota |
| OF | Jason Kennedy | Minnesota |
| OF | Sam Steidl | Minnesota |
| OF | Steve Caravati | Ohio State |
| DH | Luke Simmons | Illinois |

### Most Outstanding Player

Jack Hannahan was named Most Outstanding Player. Hannahan was a third baseman for Minnesota.
# BreakMate

The BreakMate was a three-flavor soda fountain for The Coca-Cola Company developed in the 1980s in conjunction with BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte. Its compartment held three one-liter plastic containers of syrup and a CO$_2$ tank, which mixed the water and syrup into a 5:1 ratio, with a reservoir for water for storage if water was not accessible for the machine. Designed for offices of between 5-50 employees, the machine was deemed a commercial flop due to unforeseen complications in cost and parts. In 2007, Coca-Cola stopped supplying parts, and in 2010 the company finally stopped supplying syrup for the machines.
# Sternacanthus picicornis

Sternacanthus picicornis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Thomson in 1860.
# Listed buildings in Royston, South Yorkshire

Royston is a ward in the metropolitan borough of Barnsley, South Yorkshire, England. The ward contains four listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The ward contains the town of Royston, the village of Carlton, and the surrounding area. The listed buildings consist of two churches, a wayside cross, and a former farmhouse.

## Key

Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
| Grade | Criteria |
| I | Particularly important buildings of more than special interest |
| II | Buildings of national importance and special interest |

## Buildings

| Name and location | Photograph | Date | Notes | Grade |
| Kirk Cross 53°35′29″N 1°27′11″W﻿ / ﻿53.59144°N 1.45311°W﻿ / 53.59144; -1.45311﻿ (Kirk Cross) | | Medieval | A wayside cross, it is in gritstone. It has a deep square base with a chamfered upper half, and a short rounded shaft. | II |
| St John the Baptist's Church, Royston 53°35′47″N 1°27′04″W﻿ / ﻿53.59652°N 1.45119°W﻿ / 53.59652; -1.45119﻿ (St John the Baptist's Church, Royston) | | 15th century | The church, which incorporates some 14th-century material, was restored in 1867–69 by J. L. Pearson. It is built in stone with a stone slate roof, and is in Perpendicular style. The church consists of a nave with a clerestory, a chancel, north and south aisles to the nave and chancel, a south porch, and a west tower. The tower has four stages, diagonal buttresses, a west doorway with a moulded surround, and a three-light west window. Above this is a five-sided oriel window with a pyramidal roof, and at the top are gargoyles, an embattled parapet, and crocketed pinnacles. Along the nave are gargoyles, embattled parapets and crocketed pinnacles. | I |
| 100, 102 and 104 High Street 53°35′55″N 1°27′46″W﻿ / ﻿53.59870°N 1.46278°W﻿ / 53.59870; -1.46278﻿ (100, 102 and 104 High Street) | — | 17th century | A farmhouse, later divided, it is rendered, on a plinth, and has roofs of Welsh slate and stone slate, with gable copings on cut kneelers. There are two storeys and attics, and a T-shaped plan. The doorways have chamfered surrounds, and the mullions have been removed from the windows and replaced by casements. | II |
| St John's Church, Carlton 53°35′12″N 1°26′54″W﻿ / ﻿53.58672°N 1.44839°W﻿ / 53.58672; -1.44839﻿ (St John's Church, Carlton) | | 1874–78 | The church was designed by G. E. Street, and is in stone with a tile roof. It consists of a nave, a north aisle, a chancel, and a tower over the first bay of the chancel. The tower has a saddleback roof, and to its south is a circular stair tower with a conical roof. The windows contain Decorated tracery, and the east window is large, with four lights. | II |
# Shorlu

40°05′41″N 44°23′22″E﻿ / ﻿40.09472°N 44.38944°E﻿ / 40.09472; 44.38944
Shorlu (also, Mets Shorlu Demurchi and Bol’shiye Demurchi) is a town in the Ararat Province of Armenia.
# MPV17

Protein MPV17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MPV17 gene. It is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein, which has a so far largely unknown role in mtDNA maintenance. Protein MPV17 is expressed in human pancreas, kidney, muscle, liver, lung, placenta, brain and heart. Human MPV17 is the orthologue of the mouse kidney disease gene, Mpv17. Loss of function has been shown to cause hepatocerebral mtDNA depletion syndromes (MDS) with oxidative phosphorylation failure and mtDNA depletion both in affected individuals and in Mpv17−/− mice.

## Function

This protein was first thought to be a peroxisomal protein, but in 2006, Spinazzola et al. demonstrated that it is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that is implicated in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Restoration of Mpv17 expression in Mpv17-/- mice restores mtDNA copy number, suggesting MPV17 is involved in mtDNA copy number, and in mtDNA maintenance.
MPV17 seems to be also involved in apoptosis in podocytes, and involved in ROS.

## Structure
### Gene

The human MPV17 gene is located on chromosome 2 at p21-23, comprising eight exons encoding 176 amino acids.

### Protein

MPV17 belongs to a family of integral membrane proteins consisting of four members (PXMP2, MPV17, MP-L, and FKSG24 (MPV17L2)) in mammals and two members (Sym1 and Yor292) in yeast. The amino acid sequence of MPV17 (176 amino acids) contains four cysteine residues and three putative phosphorylation sites implies that this protein may act as a redox- and ATP-sensitive channel.

## Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been associated with the hepatocerebral form of mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS), a mutation in this protein leads to an mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) copy number decrease. By 2013, MDS caused by MPV17 mutations had been reported in 32 patients with the clinical manifestations including early progressive liver failure, neurological abnormalities, hypoglycaemia and raised blood lactate. In addition, MPV17 mutations have also been associated with autosomal recessive adult-onset neuropathy and leukoencephalopathy with multiple mtDNA deletions in skeletal muscle. Thus, MPV17 mutations can lead to recessive MDS or recessive multiple mtDNA deletion disorders.

## Interactions

MPV17 has been shown to interact with Prkdc protein during Adriamycin-induced nephropathy in mice.
# MFC 18

MFC 18: Famous was a mixed martial arts event held by the Maximum Fighting Championship (MFC) on September 26, 2008 in Enoch, Alberta.

## Background

It was announced that the winner of the David Heath and Emanuel Newton fight would receive a title shot against MFC Light Heavyweight Champion Roger Hollett. Also, the winner of the Ryan Ford and LaVerne Clark fight would receive a title shot against MFC Welterweight Champion Pat Healy.