OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Luis de Milán

Luis de Milán (also known as Lluís del Milà or Luys Milán) (c. 1500 – c. 1561) was a Spanish Renaissance composer, vihuelist, and writer on music. He was the first composer in history to publish music for the vihuela de mano, an instrument employed primarily in the Iberian peninsula and some of the Italian states during the 15th and 16th centuries, and he was also one of the first musicians to specify verbal tempo indications in his music.
He probably lived all his life in Valencia, though details are sketchy at best. He seems to have been employed by the ducal court until around 1538. In 1535 he published his first book, a parlor game with music called El juego de mandar. The next year he issued what would be his most important book.

## El Maestro (1536)

Milán’s Libro de música de vihuela de mano intitulado El Maestro was printed in December 1536 and dedicated to King John III of Portugal. The dedication, and the inclusion of six villancicos in Portuguese, suggests that Milán traveled to that country and spent time there.
El Maestro is the first collection of vihuela music, and was in part intended for students of the instrument, with scores presented in grades from simple to complex so that vihuelists could proceed from elementary to harder pieces. The set is divided into two books, one for the vihuela alone and the other for voice and vihuela. (A breakdown of its 72 works is at Spanish Wikipedia.) There are forty fantasías, six pavanas, and four tientos in the instrumental volume. For voice, there are twelve villancicos, four romances, and six sonetos (sonnets). All of these are to Castilian texts, except for the sonetos, which are in Italian, and half of the villancicos are in Portuguese, as noted above.
Much of the collection requires considerable virtuosity. Still, not all the ornamentation is provided in detail. The style of the compositions varies from simple homophony to polyphony and virtuoso passage-work; unusual chromaticism also occurs, including strange double-inflections which were quite rare in music from other parts of Europe at the time. It appears that the book was prepared with great care; alternative passages are given for players who wish to avoid more virtuosic parts, sections of pieces are indicated as optional, and descriptive tempo indications are provided, for example, ni muy apriessa ni muy a espacio sino con un compás bien mesurado ("neither too quickly nor too slowly, but with a moderate measure").

## Late works

Milán’s last publication, El cortesano (1561), modeled on Il Cortegiano by Baldassare Castiglione, gives a vivid and entertaining picture of life in the Valencian ducal court. While it contains no music, it is a valuable account by a professional musician at the time.

## Legacy

The music of Luis de Milán is popular with performers on the present-day classical guitar because it can be adapted very easily to their instrument.
# Carlo Gritti Morlacchi

Carlo Gritti Morlacchi (1777–1852) was the Bishop of Bergamo from 1831 to 1852.

## Life

Born in Alzano Lombardo, at the time a territory of Republic of Venice.
He studied in various seminaries in Lombardy and was ordained priest in 1801. Gritti Morlacchi was then named by Bishop Giampaolo Dolfin as headmaster of the Seminary of Bergamo. Later he was canon of the cathedral and was then named pastor of the Parish of Sant' Alessandro in Colonna in Bergamo.
After the death of Bishop Pietro Mola, Morlacchi was named Bishop of Bergamo by Pope Pius VIII.

### Episcopacy

Consacreted bishop by Cardinal Carlo Odescalchi on 6 March 1831, he assumed the duty of a bishop. During his episcopacy, the entire territory of his diocese was part of the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia and he defended many times the autonomy of the Church against the Austrian authorities. Bishop Morlacchi appointed as teachers at the seminary many priests considered close to the ideas of Cornelius Otto Jansen.
During the turmoil of 1848 he supported the idea of a unified Italy under Carlo Alberto. the king of Sardinia.
He died in 1852.
# Lex Aufeia

The lex Aufeia was a Roman law, known only from a passage of Aulus Gellius, giving an account of part a speech against the law by Gaius Gracchus. The author of the law is unknown.
The law has been interpreted as a ratification of Manius Aquilius' Asian settlement. However, nothing in the passage supports this assessment. The passage indicates that the law applied to Asia since Mithridates and Nicomedes were respectively supporting and opposing it. It is probable that Gracchus was trying to reserve land for Roman taxation rather than have the revenues go to Mithridates.
# MES (buffer)

MES (2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid) is a chemical compound that contains a morpholine ring. It has a molecular weight of 195.2 g/mol and the chemical formula is C$_6$H$_{13}$NO$_4$S. Synonyms include: 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid; 2-(4-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid; 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid; 2-(4-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid; MES; MES hydrate; and morpholine-4-ethanesulfonic acid hydrate. MOPS is a similar pH buffering compound which contains a propanesulfonic moiety instead of an ethanesulfonic one.

## Applications

MES is used as a buffering agent in biology and biochemistry. It has pK$_a$ value of 6.15 at 20 °C. The pH (and pK$_a$ at ionic strength I≠0) of the buffer solution changes with concentration and temperature, and this effect may be predicted using online calculators. MES is highly soluble in water. The melting point is approx. 300 °C.
MES was developed as one of Good's buffers in the 1960s. These buffers were developed with the following criteria in mind: midrange pK$_a$, maximum water solubility and minimum solubility in all other solvents, minimal salt effects, minimal change in pK$_a$ with temperature, chemically and enzymatically stable, minimal absorption in visible or UV spectral range and reasonably easily synthesized. MES is also useful as a non-coordinating buffer in chemistry involving metal ions, as many common buffers (e.g. phosphate and acetate) readily form coordination complexes. MES only weakly binds Ca, Mg, Mn, and it has negligible binding with Cu(II).

## Effect of impurities

Commercial preparations of MES (and other sulfonylethyl buffers like BES, CHES, and PIPES) can contain a contaminant oligo(vinylsulfonic acid) (OVS), which is a polyanionic mimic of RNA, and can be a potent (pM) inhibitor of RNA binding proteins and enzymes.

## Safety

Contact with this buffer is hazardous; skin or eye exposure should be cleaned well with water and medical aid should be sought in the case of eye exposure, swallowing, or inhalation of dust. It also emits toxic fumes upon combustion, including carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, and sulfur oxides.
# Yipma language

Yipma (pronounced as Hipma) is an Angan language of Papua New Guinea. Dialects are Wantakia, Baruya (Barua), Gulicha, Usirampia (Wuzuraabya).

## History

'Baruya' refers to the accent of the Bruwa tribe, currently residing around the Marawaka station area. The original tribe that had been in Marawaka is the Anzii tribe. They are now located at the foot of Mount Yelia in three villages: Wauko, Ande and Mala.
The Baruwa tribe were refugees, from somewhere in the Meniyamiya area of Morobe province, who had been driven out of their land in a tribal war, the Anzii while still in Marawaka peacefully took them in. After some time, tribal war broke out between the Anzii tribe and the Baruwa tribe and the Anzii tribe moved out from Marawaka to where they are now. Thus, "Baruya" is not a dialect but an accent, but 'Hipma' is more acceptable to speakers of other dialects.

## Dialects

Usirampia is another accent of the Hipma language, but it is mixed up with another language called Bulekiye. It sounds more like Hipma though there are some Bulekiye influences in it. The Anzii tribe speaks the pure version of the Hipma language and there are no influences from other languages because they were surrounded by enemy tribes from the time they were relocated until the arrival of whitemen and did not make many contacts outside their landmarks.

## Phonology

Consonants :
| | Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
| Plosive | p | t | tɕ | k | ʔ |
| Prenasalized | ᵐb | ⁿd | ⁿdʑ | ᵑg | |
| Fricative | β | ð | ʑ | ɣ | |
| Nasal | m | n | | ŋ | |
| Approximant | w | r l | j | | |
* /ʔ/ becomes an unreleased plosive [p̚ t̚ k̚] before homorganic plosives and nasals.
* /r/ is realised as [l] before /j/ or /i/.
Vowels :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| High | i | ɨ | u |
| Mid | e | ʌ | o |
| Low | | a | |
* /ɨ/ can range in realization from [ɪ] to [ʊ].
* /ʌ/ can range in realization from [ɛ] to [ɔ].
* In general, /ɨ/ and /ʌ/ are backed when /w/, /u/, or /o/ occur in the same or following syllable; and fronted when /j/ or /i/ occur in the same or following syllable.
Yipma has pitch-accent. Either the final or penultimate syllable can be accented, manifesting in high pitch and stress.
# Terry Township, Ontario

Terry Township is an unincorporated geographic township in the Unorganized West part of Timiskaming District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. The township lies on the northern edge of Timaskaming District on the border with Cochrane District.
Fallduck Lakes, the source of the Englehart River, is located in the township.
# Mangelia melitensis

Mangelia melitensis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 4 mm and 6.1 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Mediterranean Sea off Malta.
# 2010 Brisbane International – Men's doubles

Marc Gicquel and Jo-Wilfried Tsonga were the defending champions, but Tsonga chose not to participate that year. Gicquel partnered with Jérémy Chardy, and won in the final against Lukáš Dlouhý and Leander Paes, 6–3, 7–6$^{(7–5)}$.

## Seeds

* Lukáš Dlouhý / Leander Paes (final)
* Julian Knowle / Robert Lindstedt (first round)
* Michaël Llodra / Andy Ram (quarterfinals)
* Marcelo Melo / Bruno Soares (quarterfinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | L Dlouhý L Paes | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | C BallS Querrey | 5 | 3 | | 1 | L Dlouhý L Paes | w/o | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Fisher S Huss | 4 | 6 | [10] | | A FisherS Huss | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | K HenselB Tomic | 6 | 3 | [6] | | | | | | 1 | L Dlouhý L Paes | 6 | 0 | [10] | | | | |
| 3 | M Llodra A Ram | 3 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | J MelzerP Petzschner | 4 | 6 | [7] | | | | |
| WC | P LuczakJ Sirianni | 6 | 4 | [7] | 3 | M LlodraA Ram | 7 | 2 | [8] | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Melzer P Petzschner | 6 | 6 | | | J Melzer P Petzschner | 5 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| | M DammF Polášek | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | L DlouhýL Paes | 3 | 6$^5$ |
| | J Blake A Roddick | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | J Chardy M Gicquel | 6 | 7$^7$ |
| | J LevinskýT Parrott | 2 | 3 | | | J Blake A Roddick | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | R HutchinsJ Kerr | 2 | 4 | | 4 | M MeloB Soares | 6$^3$ | 4 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | M Melo B Soares | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | J BlakeA Roddick | 4 | 6 | [11] | | | | |
| | T Berdych R Štěpánek | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | J Chardy M Gicquel | 6 | 3 | [13] | | | | |
| | T BellucciP Hanley | 1 | 4 | | | T BerdychR Štěpánek | 5 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Chardy M Gicquel | 3 | 7$^7$ | [10] | | J ChardyM Gicquel | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | J KnowleR Lindstedt | 6 | 6$^4$ | [4] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Lumitrack

Lumitrack is a motion capture technology developed by Robert Xiao, Chris Harrison and Scott Hudson at Carnegie Mellon University. It combines projectors and sensors to provide high-fidelity motion-tracking. These types of sensors are used in video game controllers, such as Microsoft's Kinect, and in motion capture for movie and television production.
Although the research prototype of Lumitrack currently uses visible light, it could be adapted to utilize invisible infrared light. According to the university, the sensors require little power and should be cheap to mass-produce. They could even be built into smartphones.

## Technology

The projectors cover the tracked area with structured patterns called a binary m-sequence that resemble barcodes. The series of bars encodes a series of an assortment of vertical lines of varying thicknesses, without repeating any combination of seven adjacent line types anywhere in the projected image. The sensors read the bars to assess motion. The initial implementation offers sub-millimeter accuracy. When two m-sequences are projected at right angles to each other, the sensor can determine its position in two dimensions; while additional sensors enable 3D tracking.
The sensors are simple to manufacture and require little power and features response times in the range of 2.5 milliseconds, making them candidates for incorporation into other devices, such as phones. The sensors can be attached to tracked objects or to fixed objects such as walls.

## Applications

The developers target video games as an initial application. Other possibilities include including CGI for movies and television and human–robot interaction.
# Mandibular nerve

In neuroanatomy, the mandibular nerve (V$_3$) is the largest of the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve, the fifth cranial nerve (CN V). Unlike the other divisions of the trigeminal nerve (ophthalmic nerve, maxillary nerve) which contain only afferent fibers, the mandibular nerve contains both afferent and efferent fibers. These nerve fibers innervate structures of the lower jaw and face, such as the tongue, lower lip, and chin. The mandibular nerve also innervates the muscles of mastication.

## Structure
### Course

The large sensory root of mandibular nerve emerges from the lateral part of the trigeminal ganglion and exits the cranial cavity through the foramen ovale. The motor root (Latin: radix motoria s. portio minor), the small motor root of the trigeminal nerve, passes under the trigeminal ganglion and through the foramen ovale to unite with the sensory root just outside the skull.
The mandibular nerve immediately passes between tensor veli palatini, which is medial, and lateral pterygoid, which is lateral, and gives off a meningeal branch (nervus spinosus) and the nerve to medial pterygoid from its medial side. The nerve then divides into a small anterior division and a large posterior division.

### Branches

The mandibular nerve gives off the following branches:
* From the main trunk (before the division):
** meningeal branch (nervus spinosus) (sensory)
** medial pterygoid nerve (motor)
* From the anterior division:
** masseteric nerve (mixed)
** deep temporal nerves (mixed)
** buccal nerve (sensory)
** lateral pterygoid nerve (motor)
* From the posterior division:
** auriculotemporal nerve (sensory)
** lingual nerve (sensory)
** inferior alveolar nerve (mixed)
*** mylohyoid nerve (motor)
*** incisive branch (sensory)
*** mental nerve (sensory)

### Distribution

Anterior Division
(Motor Innervation - Muscles of mastication)
* Masseteric nerve
** Masseter muscle
* Medial pterygoid nerve
** Medial pterygoid muscle
** Tensor tympani muscle
** Tensor veli palatini (via tensor veli palatini branch)
* Lateral pterygoid nerve
** Lateral pterygoid muscle
* Deep temporal nerve
** Temporalis muscle
(Sensory Innervation)
* Buccal nerve
** Inside of the cheek (buccal mucosa)
* Nervous spinosus (sensory)
Posterior Division
Lingual Split (general sensory innervation (not special sensory for taste))
* Anterior 2/3 of Tongue (mucous membrane)
Inferior Alveolar Split (Motor Innervation)
* Mylohyoid
* Digastric (Anterior Belly)
(Sensory Innervation)
* Teeth and Mucoperiosteum of mandibular teeth
* Chin and Lower Lip
Auriculotemporal Split
* Scalp (auricula / temporal region)
# 1925 in the Belgian Congo

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
The following lists events that happened during 1925 in the Belgian Congo.

## Incumbents

* Governor General – Martin Rutten

## Events

| Date | Event |
| | Kipushi Mine starts production. |
| | Compagnie sucrière Kwilu-Ngongo is created in the town of Kwilu Ngongo. |
| | Charles Duchesne is appointed governor and deputy governor-general of the province of Équateur. |
| March | Sonatra (Société Nationale des Transports Fluviaux au Congo) merges with the transport operations of the Compagnie Industrielle et de Transports au Stanley Pool (Citas) to create Unatra (Union nationale des Transports fluviaux). |
| April | Albert National Park is established, the core of what would become Virunga National Park. |
| 2 July | Patrice Lumumba, first prime minister of the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville), is born in Onalua in the Katako-Kombe Territory of the Kasaï Province . |
| 5 October | Antoine Gizenga, future prime minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is born in Mbanze. |
# Sri Komaram Bheem Project

The Sri Komaram Bheem Project (Telugu: కొమరం భీం ప్రాజెక్ట్) is a Medium Reservoir has been built across Peddavagu River, a tributary of the Pranahita River. It is located at Ada village, Asifabad Mandal, Komaram Bheem district, Telangana.
The project named after Komaram Bheem (Telugu:కొమరం భీం 22 October 1901 – 19 October 1940), was a tribal leader who fought against the Asaf Jahi Dynasty for the liberation of Hyderabad State. Komaram Bheem openly fought against the ruling Nizam government in a guerrilla campaign. He defied courts, laws, and any other form of Nizam authority, living off the sustenance of the forest. He took up arms against Nizam Nawab's soldiers, and fought Babi Jhari until his last breath.
This Project proposed to supply water to Komaram Bheem, Wankidi, Kagaznagar, and Sirpur mandals more than 45,000 in acres. But currently, the project is providing irrigation water to about 20,000 acres under its left canal 35 km. Right canal will provide irrigation water to about another 25000 acres.
# Slovak University of Agriculture

Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra is a public university in Nitra, Slovakia. It offers Bachelor's, Engineer's (Master's), and Doctoral degrees in six faculties:
* Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources
* Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences
* Faculty of Economics and Management
* Faculty of Agricultural Engineering
* Faculty of European Studies and Regional Development
* Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering
# Jaime Uriarte García

Jaime Uriarte García is a Spanish lightweight rower. He won a gold medal at the 1979 World Rowing Championships in Bled with the lightweight men's eight.
# Testimony (Stella Parton album)

Testimony is the seventh studio album by singer Stella Parton. This is her third album since signing with Raptor Records. Coincidentally, it was released the same year as her older sister, Dolly Parton's Backwoods Barbie. It is an inspirational work that includes all original and new songs, highlighting Parton's gifts of the spirit. The track, "I Will Arise", was co-written by her son, Timothy C. Rauhoff.

## Track listing

Tracks written by Parton except where noted. The track listing is as follows:
* Family Ties (Stella Parton, R. Jones)
* Tell It Sister Tell It
* No Pride at All (Parton, Jones)
* I Will Arise (Parton, Timothy Rauhoff)
* Name Above Every Name (Parton, Jones)
* Trophy Of Your Grace (Parton, Jones)
* Keep On Walkin' (Parton, Jones)
* I Press On (Parton, Jones)
* I Love My Country (Parton, Jones)
* Daughter of the King
* Virtuous Woman (Bonus Track)
# Mangelia maculata

Mangelia maculata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.
This is not Cythara maculata Brazier, 1876 (synonym of Eucithara alacris Hedley, 1922)

## Description

The length of the shell attains 10 mm
The shell is white, with an orange-brown band, interrupted by the ribs, and appearing only in the interstices.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Philippines
# Băncești

Bănceşti may refer to several villages in Romania:
* Bănceşti, a village in Mușenița Commune, Suceava County
* Bănceşti, a village in Voinești, Vaslui
# Burning Bridges

Burning Bridges or Burnin' Bridges may refer to:

## Music
### Albums

* Burning Bridges (Arch Enemy album) or the title song, 1999
* Burning Bridges (Bon Jovi album) or the title song, 2015
* Burning Bridges (Glen Campbell album), 1967
* Burning Bridges (Haste the Day album), 2004
* Burning Bridges (Naked Eyes album) or the title song, 1983
* Burning Bridges, by Jack Scott, or the title song (below), 1964

### EPs

* Burning Bridges (EP) by Ludacris, or the title song, 2014
* Burning Bridges, by Ann Beretta, 1999

### Songs

* "Burning Bridges" (Jack Scott song), 1960
* "Burning Bridges" (Pink Floyd song), 1972
* "Burning Bridges" (Status Quo song), 1988
* "Burning Bridges", by Against Me!, 1998
* "Burning Bridges", by Bea Miller from Chapter One: Blue, 2017
* "Burning Bridges", by Collective Soul from Hints Allegations and Things Left Unsaid, 1993
* "Burning Bridges", by Crimson Glory from Transcendence, 1988
* "Burning Bridges", by Delain from Apocalypse & Chill, 2019
* "Burning Bridges", by Emerson, Lake and Palmer from Black Moon, 1992
* "Burning Bridges", by Family from Fearless, 1971
* "Burning Bridges", by Garth Brooks from Ropin' the Wind, 1991
* "Burning Bridges", by Ghost Machine from Hypersensitive, 2006
* "Burning Bridges", by Japan from Gentlemen Take Polaroids, 1980
* "Burning Bridges", by Jason Mraz from Mr. A–Z, 2005
* "Burnin' Bridges", by Jessie James from Jessie James, 2009
* "Burning Bridges", by Kittie from Until the End, 2004
* "Burning Bridges", by k-os from Yes!, 2009
* "Burning Bridges", by Megadeth from The World Needs a Hero, 2001
* "Burning Bridges", by Mest from Mest, 2003
* "Burning Bridges", by Mike Curb, the theme to the film Kelly's Heroes, 1970
* "Burning Bridges", by OneRepublic from Native, 2013
* "Burning Bridges", by Remy Shand from The Way I Feel, 2002
* "Burning Bridges", by Seventh Day Slumber from Finally Awake, 2007
* "Burning Bridges", by Sigrid from How to Let Go, 2022
* "Burnin' Bridges", by Slaughter from Stick It to Ya, 1990
* "Burning Bridges", by Survivor from Too Hot to Sleep, 1988

## Other media

* Burning Bridges (film), a 1928 American silent Western film starring Harry Carey
* Burning Bridges, a 1990 TV movie starring Meredith Baxter
* Burning Bridges, a 1989 novel by Maurice Leitch
# 1932 American Soccer League

Statistics of American Soccer League in the 1932 season.

## Overview

The history of the American Soccer League begins to become difficult to determine at this point. It appears the league began a 1932 season in the spring of 1932. Whether this season as completed or abandoned during the season is unclear from the records. In October 1932, the league resumed play with a vastly different line-up of teams from its spring season.

## League standings

| Place | Team | GP | W | D | L | Points |
| 1 | New Bedford Whalers | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 8 |
| 2 | Hakoah All-Stars | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 7 |
| 3 | Boston Bears | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 4 | Pawtucket Rangers | 6 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 5 | New York Americans | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | New York Giants | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 7 | Newark Americans | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
# St David's Church, Fairwater

St David's Church, Fairwater is a Lutheran church in Fairwater, Cardiff, Wales.
There has been a Lutheran community in central Cardiff since the 19th Century, but that in Fairwater is far more recent, forming only after new housing development in the post-war years. The church was designed by Vernon Kinch of Alex Gordon and Partners, and was completed in 1961. it belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran Church of England, and became a grade II listed building in 2007. Aside from some minor changes in joinery and the replacement of the original windows, the church is largely unaltered.