OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ben Alexander

Ben Alexander may refer to:
* Ben Alexander (actor) (1911–1969), American film actor
* Ben Alexander (curler), English curler; see 2012 European Junior Curling Challenge
* Ben Alexander (rugby league) (1971–1992), Australian rugby league player
* Ben Alexander (rugby union) (born 1984), Australian rugby union player
* Benjamin F. Alexander, Alabama state representative
* Benjamin Alexander (1737–1768), son of minister John Alexander, doctor of medicine and translator of Morgagni's De sedibus et causis morborum
* Benjamin Alexander, winner of season 1 of Project Runway New Zealand
* Benjamin Alexander (skier) (born 1983), Jamaica's first Olympic alpine skier
# Mandibular premolar

Mandibular premolar may refer to:
* Mandibular first premolar
* Mandibular second premolar
# Reichlin

Reichlin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alfredo Reichlin (1925–2017), Italian journalist and politician
* Bruno Reichlin (born 1941), Swiss architect
* Karl Reichlin (1841–1924), Swiss politician
* Lucrezia Reichlin (born 1954), Italian economist, daughter of Alfredo
# NTHU College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

The College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) of National Tsing Hua University was established on February 1, 1998. The goal of the college is to foster high-tech professionals to be ready to meet the trend in national economic construction and industrial development. Many alumni now work in Hsinchu Science Park, the technological heart of Taiwan.
The college of EECS now consists of two departments and four graduate institutes:
* Department of Electrical Engineering (EE), Ph.D., M.S. and B.S.
* Department of Computer Science (CS), Ph.D., M.S. and B.S.
* Institute of Electronics Engineering (ENE), Ph.D. and M.S.
* Institute of Communications Engineering (COM), Ph.D. and M.S.
* Institute of Information Systems and Applications (ISA), Ph.D. and M.S.
* Institute of Photonics Technologies (IPT), Ph.D. and M.S.
Currently, the College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science has 95 full-time faculty members.
# Parathesis congesta

Parathesis congesta is a species of plant in the family Primulaceae. It is endemic to El Salvador. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Lou Bauer

Louis Walter Bauer (November 30, 1898 – February 4, 1979) was a Major League Baseball pitcher. Bauer played for Philadelphia Athletics in the 1918 season.
He played just one game in his career, giving up two runs, one of them earned, and two walks.
Bauer was born in Egg Harbor City, New Jersey and died in Pomona, New Jersey. He was the 6th youngest player in the 1918 season, at the age of 19.
# OSCAR (gene)

Osteoclast-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OSCAR gene.
Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that resorb bone and are essential for bone homeostasis. This gene encodes an osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), which is a member of the leukocyte receptor complex (LRC) protein family that plays critical roles in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. Different from the other LRC members, OSCAR expression is detected specifically in preosteoclasts or mature osteoclasts. OSCAR may be an important bone-specific regulator of osteoclast differentiation. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
# Notch 1

Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (Notch 1) is a protein encoded in humans by the NOTCH1 gene. Notch 1 is a single-pass transmembrane receptor.

## Function

This gene encodes a member of the Notch family. Members of this type 1 transmembrane protein family share structural characteristics including an extracellular domain consisting of multiple epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, and an intracellular domain consisting of multiple, different domain types. Notch family members play a role in a variety of developmental processes by controlling cell fate decisions. The Notch signaling network is an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling pathway that regulates interactions between physically adjacent cells. In Drosophila, notch interaction with its cell-bound ligands (delta, serrate) establishes an intercellular signaling pathway that plays a key role in development. Homologues of the notch-ligands have also been identified in humans, but precise interactions between these ligands and the human notch homologues remain to be determined. This protein is cleaved in the trans-Golgi network, and presented on the cell surface as a heterodimer. This protein functions as a receptor for membrane bound ligands, and may play multiple roles during development.
A deficiency can be associated with bicuspid aortic valve.
There is evidence that activated Notch 1 and Notch 3 promote differentiation of progenitor cells into astroglia. Notch 1, when activated before birth, induces radial glia differentiation, but postnatally induces the differentiation into astrocytes. One study shows that Notch-1 cascade is activated by Reelin in an unidentified way. Reelin and Notch1 cooperate in the development of the dentate gyrus, according to another.

## Interactions

NOTCH1 has been shown to interact with:
* GSK3B,
* Lck,
* MAML1,
* Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3
* NFKB1,
* NOV,
* RBPJ,
* SNW1,
* Ubiquitin C, and
* YY1.
* USP10.
# Anna Margarete Stegmann

Anna Margarete Stegmann (12 July 1871 – 1 July 1936) was a Swiss-German neurologist, psychoanalyst and politician. She was a Social Democratic Party member of the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic.
The daughter of a farmer, she was born Anna Margarete Meyer in Zürich, Switzerland. Both her parents had died by the time that she was sixteen. She worked for the Swiss postal service, completed her secondary education and went on to study medicine. Stegmann earned her doctorate in 1910 in Zurich. She joined the Social Democratic Party in 1918. After completing her internship, she received her license to practise medicine in 1920 and set up practice in Dresden.
During the 1920s, she was a member of the International Psychoanalytical Association, the Schopenhauer Society and the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. When the Nazi Party gained power in Germany, she left for Switzerland.
From 1920 to 1924, she was an unpaid member of the city council of Dresden. She served as a member of the Reichstag from May 1924 to September 1930. In 1924, she argued for the right of women to abortion; in the spirit of those times, eugenic reasons were used to justify abortion in certain cases.
She married Arnold Stegmann in 1911 but he died in 1914.
She died in Arlesheim at the age of 64.

## Selected works

* Beitrag zur Psychologie des Kindsmords thesis 1910
* Ein Fall von Namenvergessen Zentralblatt für Psychoanalyse und Psychotherapie 2 (1912)
* Ein Vexiertraum Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse 1, pages 486–489 (1913)
* Darstellung epileptischer Anfälle im Traum Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse (1913)
* Identifizierung mit dem Vater Zentralblatt für Psychoanalyse und Psychotherapie 1, (1913)
* Die Psychogenese organischer Krankheiten und das Weltbild Imago 12, pages 196-202 (1926)
* Frauenblindheit der Männer – eine alte Krankheit Die Genossin 6, (1929)
# Pedro Cortina Mauri

Pedro Cortina y Mauri (18 March 1908 in La Pobla de Segur – 14 February 1993 in Madrid) was a Spanish politician and diplomat who served as the last Minister of Foreign Affairs under Francisco Franco between 1970 and 1975 and the first one with democracy until 1980. He had been Ambassador to France. He is the father of the famous businessmen Alfonso and Alberto Cortina. His wife died in 1976.

## Professional life

Pedro Cortina Mauri started his career as Doctor in Law at the University of The Hague and University of Madrid. He then joined the Spanish Government with Franco to help establish the first relationships of the new government with France as Ambassador of Spain in Paris until 1970.
In 1970, he became the last Minister of Foreign Affairs with General Franco, a position that he continued in when democracy arrived to Spain in 1975. He continued in this position until 1980. Among the key issues he handled were the decolonisation of Mauritania by Spain negotiated together with the US and the decolonisation of Equatorial Guinea.
In 1957, he established the Spanish beer San Miguel (Fábricas de Cerveza y Malta, SA - a licensing agreement with the original Filipino San Miguel Beer brand) where he was chairman and CEO at the time of his death. San Miguel was then passed to his sons Alfonso and Alberto, who later sold it on to become a component of the Mahou-San Miguel Group in 2000.

## Recognitions

Among others he received the following recognitions:
* Permanent Member of the Cabinet of Spain
* Gran Cruz of King Carlos III
* Gran Cruz of Queen Isabel La Catolica
* Gran Cruz of San Raimundo de Peñafort
* Gold Medal of the Spanish State
* Gold Medal of the Spanish Army
* Gold Medal of the Civil Merits
* Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur
# Mandibular lateral incisor

The mandibular lateral incisor is the tooth located distally (away from the midline of the face) from both mandibular central incisors of the mouth and mesially (toward the midline of the face) from both mandibular canines. As with all incisors, their function is for shearing or cutting food during mastication, commonly known as chewing. There are no cusps on the teeth. Instead, the surface area of the tooth used in eating is called an incisal ridge or incisal edge. Though relatively the same, there are some minor differences between the deciduous (baby) mandibular lateral incisor and that of the permanent mandibular lateral incisor.
In the universal system of notation, the deciduous mandibular lateral incisors are designated by a letter written in uppercase. The right deciduous mandibular lateral incisor is known as "Q", and the left one is known as "N". The international notation has a different system of notation. Thus, the right deciduous mandibular lateral incisor known as "82", and the left one is known as "72".
In the universal system of notation, the permanent mandibular lateral incisors are designated by a number. The right permanent mandibular lateral incisor is known as "26", and the left one is known as "23". In the Palmer notation, a number is used in conjunction with a symbol designating in which quadrant the tooth is found. For this tooth, the left and right lateral incisors would have the same number, "2", but the right one would have the symbol, "┐", over it, while the left one would have, "┌". The international notation has a different numbering system than the previous two, and the right permanent mandibular lateral incisor is known as "42", and the left one is known as "32".
# Turkish Orthodox Church in the United States

The Turkish Orthodox Church in America was an independent Eastern Orthodox denomination active in the 1970s.
It claimed to pay allegiance to the Autocephalous Turkish Orthodox Patriarchate, an unrecognised Orthodox church based in Istanbul.
The Turkish Orthodox Church continued to exist throughout the 1970s, but during the early 1980s, Archbishop Cragg moved to Chicago and opened a health clinic. His stationery carried the title: American Orthodox Church, Diocese of Chicago and North America.
# NTK

NTK could refer to:
* Naam Tamilar Katchi, political party in Tamil Nadu, India
* Národní technická knihovna, library in Prague, Czech Republic
* Need to Know (newsletter)
* Newton Toolkit, for the Newton (platform) PDA
* Ngau Tau Kok station, Hong Kong, MTR station code
* Nakkilan Tennisklubi, a floorball team located in Nakkila, Finland. (Known as NTK Nakkila)
* Neural tangent kernel, a mathematical tool to describe the training of artificial neural networks
* NTK, a Niterra brand of ceramic sensors and equipment
# Parathesis panamensis

Parathesis panamensis is a species of plant in the family Primulaceae. It is found in Colombia and Panama.
# Breda Ba.79S

The Breda Ba.79S was a single-engine four-seat high-wing private aircraft built in Italy in the late 1930s. Only a few were produced.

## Design and development

The Breda 79S was unusual amongst the Società Italiana Ernesto Breda's products in the late 1930s in that it was a civil machine rather than a military one. It was a single-engined high-wing monoplane with a rather well equipped cabin for four. The wings were joined to the upper fuselage longeron and braced with streamlined vee struts to the lower longeron in the conventional way. They had almost straight leading edges with taper on the trailing edges and rounded tips. Trailing edge flaps and leading edge slots were interconnected. The tailplane was mounted at mid-fuselage height and was braced to the rounded fin, which carried a wide chord and unbalanced rudder. These tail surfaces were fabric over wooden frames.
The aircraft was powered by a 200 hp (149 kW) Alfa-Romeo 115 six-cylinder inverted inline engine, neatly cowled but giving the Breda 79 a long-nosed look. The engine drove a two-bladed propeller. The fuselage was a fabric-covered welded steel structure, faired to an oval cross section. Behind the engine and under the wings was the cabin with four seats in two rows of two. Glazing was generous, including an openable roof window, and the cabin was both thermally and acoustically insulated with controllable ventilation. The seats were deep enough to allow everyone to wear a parachute backpack and in an emergency the pilot could open both the wide side doors and the roof light with a single lever. The pilot's position was instrumented, and the aircraft lit, for night flying. The divided undercarriage had widely splayed legs attached at the bottom of the wing bracing struts, carrying semi-spatted wheels (closely streamlined but with the outer side of the wheel visible).
The first Breda 79, c/n 78001 was registered as I-ABFU on 20 April 1936 together with a second example, I-ABFT c/n 78002 but it is not known when they first flew. Records are sketchy, but three seem to have been flown and used by the Ministero Aeronautica.

## Specifications

Data from Grey 1972, p. 173c
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Capacity: 3 passengers
* Length: 7.6 m (24 ft 11 in)
* Wingspan: 11.61 m (38 ft 1 in)
* Height: 1.97 m (6 ft 5.5 in)
* Wing area: 18 m$^2$ (194 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 770 kg (1,698 lb)
* Gross weight: 1,220 kg (2,687 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Alfa-Romeo 115 6-cylinder air-cooled inverted inline , 149 kW (200 hp)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 250 km/h (155 mph, 135 kn)
* Cruise speed: 200 km/h (137 mph, 119 kn)
* Stall speed: 74 km/h (46 mph, 40 kn)
* Range: 850 km (528 mi, 459 nmi)
* Rate of climb: 5.55 m/s (1,093 ft/min) to 1,000 m
# Atractus nawa

Atractus nawa is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species can be found in Brazil.
# Charles Croker-King

Charles Harold Croker-King (30 April 1873 – 25 October 1951) was a British stage and film actor who had a career from 1920 to 1937.

## Biography

Charles Croker-King was born 30 April 1873 in Rock Helm, Yorkshire, England, and died 25 October 1951 in Dorset, England.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1920 | A Question of Trust | Governor of Maritas | |
| 1920 | The Tavern Knight | Gregory Ashburn | |
| 1921 | The Priory School | Duke of Holderness | Short |
| 1921 | The Four Just Men | Thery | |
| 1922 | The Experiment | Philip Abingdon | |
| 1922 | One Exciting Night | The Neighbor | |
| 1936 | The White Angel | Mr. Nightingale | |
| 1936 | The Crime of Dr. Forbes | Dean Lewis | |
| 1936 | Stage Struck | Alexander | Uncredited |
| 1936 | Libeled Lady | Charles Archibald - Allenbury's Lawyer | Uncredited |
| 1936 | The Charge of the Light Brigade | Lord Cardigan | Uncredited |
| 1936 | Pigskin Parade | Prof. Pillsbury | Uncredited |
| 1936 | Lloyd's of London | Willoughby | |
| 1937 | 45 Fathers | Harwick | Uncredited, (final film role) |
# Notch 4

Neurogenic locus notch homolog 4 (Notch 4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NOTCH4 gene located on chromosome 6.

## Gene

An alternative splice variant of the NOTCH4 gene has been described, but its biological significance has not been determined.

## Structure

The neurogenic locus notch homolog 4 protein is a member of the Notch family. Members of this type 1 transmembrane protein family share structural characteristics. These include an extracellular domain consisting of multiple epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, and an intracellular domain that consists of multiple, but different, domain types.

## Function

Notch protein family members play a role in a variety of developmental processes by controlling cell fate decisions. The Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling pathway that regulates interactions between physically adjacent cells
In Drosophila, notch interacts with its cell-bound ligands (delta and serrate), and establishes an intercellular signaling pathway that then plays a key role in development. Homologues of the notch-ligands have also been identified in humans, but precise interactions between these ligands and the human notch homologues remain to be determined. The notch protein is cleaved in the trans-Golgi network, and then presented on the cell surface as a heterodimer. The protein functions as a receptor for membrane bound ligands, and may play a role in vascular, renal, and hepatic development.

## Clinical significance

Mutations in the notch4 gene may be associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia in a small portion of cases.
# Animal Care Review Board

The Animal Care Review Board (ACRB; French: Commission d'étude des soins aux animaux) is an independent, quasi-judicial agency in Ontario, Canada. It is one of 13 adjudicative tribunals under the Ministry of the Attorney General that make up Tribunals Ontario.
The ACRB conducts hearings, hearing appeals of orders and decisions made by the Chief Animal Welfare Inspector and other animal welfare inspectors on disputes regarding animal welfare in Ontario.

## Authority

The role and authority of ACRB is mandated under the Provincial Animal Welfare Services Act, 2019 (PAWS), which allows inspectors to conduct risk-based inspections, reactively respond to urgent animal welfare concerns, and collect evidence to lay charges.
The Chief Animal Welfare Inspector (CAWI) is accountable to the Solicitor General and is responsible for giving animal owners/custodians notices and taking action if necessary.

## Powers

After conducting a hearing, the ACRB may:
* change, confirm or cancel an order;
* return the animal to its rightful owner or custodian;
* reimburse costs to the owner or custodian by the Minister; and/or
* reimburse costs to the Chief Animal Welfare Inspector by the owner or custodian.
# Bejar (disambiguation)

Bejar can refer to:
* Béjar, a city in the province of Salamanca in western Spain
** Duke of Béjar, a Spanish title of nobility from 1453 to the present
* Béjar (surname), a Spanish surname (also rendered as Bejarano, Bexar, or Vejar), for people with this name, see the list of articles with titles containing "Bejar"
* Dan Bejar, a singer-songwriter from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
# Carlos Ferreira

Carlos Ferreira may refer to:
* Carlos Amaral Ferreira, Portuguese Paralympic athlete
* Carlos Ferreira (sailor) (born 1931), Portuguese former sailor
* Carlos Vaz Ferreira (1872–1958), Uruguayan philosopher, writer, and academic
* Carlos Diego Ferreira (born 1985), Brazilian mixed martial artist
* Carlos Ferreira (footballer) (born 1980), Luxembourgian footballer
* Carlos Ferreira de la Torre (1914–1990), Spanish sculptor
* Sebastián Ferreira, also known as Carlos Sebastián Ferreira, (born 1998), Paraguayan footballer
# A Book of American Martyrs

A Book of American Martyrs is a 2017 novel by the American author, Joyce Carol Oates. The story chronicles two American families, the Voorheeses and the Dunphys, whose faith and convictions are vastly different. The story begins with the aftermath of the November 1999 murder of Dr. Gus Voorhees by Luther Amos Dunphy.
Broadly, Oates' story explores the abortion debate in the United States, with a primary focus on exploring the growing divide and conflict between advocates and opponents of legal abortion care services, as well as anti-abortion violence. The story is set in a small town in Ohio where the Dunphy family lives and throughout Michigan where the Voorhees family lives.

## Reception

The review aggregator website, Book Marks, reported that overall the novel received positive feedback.
Erica Wagner of The Guardian noted that the novel does not live up to its potential, writing, "This is a gripping novel, full of unexpected twists that make what could be a political treatise into a page-turner. And it is as honest as its author can make it, or so the reader must believe; but that’s an honesty that only goes so far."
Writing for The New York Times, Ayana Mathis describes how "The shifting kaleidoscope of voices is at once illuminating and dizzying. Oates may be betting the multitude of perspectives will help us see around our blinders and prejudices about the Other. The question is, who is the Other, and according to whom? In some respects, Oates's bet pays off." However, Mathis continues, "There is a great deal of smugness in all of this, and worse, a dangerous paternalism. The Other, in this case, the white working poor, with all of its religion and pathologies, has been summarily dismissed as an ignorant horde in need of (liberal) guidance. Oates's lengthy attempt at insights into these lives devolves into dehumanizing caricature."
The Washington Post's Ron Charles praises the novel, concluding that, "To enter this masterpiece is to be captivated by the paradox of that tragic courage and to become invested in Oates’s search for some semblance of atonement, secular or divine. Regardless of your own faith or politics, the real miracle here is how, even after 700 pages, we can still be racing along, steeling ourselves for the very last line, a line we’re desperate to reach — but not too soon."
Paste magazine's Bridey Heing commends Oates' ability to navigate both sides of a deeply polarizing topic, noting how, "Ultimately, Oates does not moralize, and this isn’t a book that will comfort those who are strong in their beliefs. But in that lies the book’s value. At a time when we as a society feel so ideologically distant and yet are told that we have more in common than all that divides us, this novel rings true without being weighed down by sentimentality."
# Allan Hird

Allan Hird may refer to:
* Allan Hird, Sr. (1918–2007), Australian rules footballer, grandfather of James Hird
* Allan Hird, Jr. (born 1946), Australian rules footballer, father of James Hird
# Parathesis seibertii

Parathesis seibertii is a species of plant in the family Primulaceae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# O Bolo

O Bolo is a municipality in the province of Ourense, in the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain. It belongs to the comarca of Valdeorras.
# Mary Emily Gonsalves

Mary Emily Gonsalves was a Roman Catholic nun from Karachi, Pakistan.

## Early life

She was born in Mangalore, India in 1919. She started her teaching career in a school in Byculla, Bombay in 1940. In 1944 she joined the Daughters of the Cross religious congregation. She went on to do a master's degree in English and Economics. She taught in a college in Calcutta before she moved to Pakistan in 1957.

## Career

From 1972 to 1982 Sister Mary Emily was the Principal of the St. Joseph's College (Karachi), Pakistan. St. Joseph's is one of Pakistan's leading Colleges. In 2007, 1,548 students were studying in the college with a total of 78 teachers.
In 2005, when St. Joseph's College was returned to the Catholic Board of Education Sr Emily was again appointed principal.
On 23 March 2009 the Government of Pakistan awarded Sr. Emily the Sitara-e-Imtiaz, which she received from the Governor of Sindh. This was in recognition of her services to education.
Sr. Emily died in Karachi on 9 January 2017. Her funeral was held at Saint Patrick's Cathedral, Karachi on January 10, 2017.