OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Duchy of Akhalkalaki

The Duchy of Akhalkalaki (Georgian: ახალქალაქის საერისთავო, referred as the Duchy of Javakheti) was a duchy (saeristavo) in medieval Georgia. Duchy was created by King Leon III of Abkhazia (957–967).

## History

It was first mentioned on the inscriptions in Kumurdo Cathedral. Until 1021, the Dukes of Javakheti were members of Marushiani family. It passed to the Tmogveli and then the Toreli family. From the 12th to 13th centuries, the Toreli family also owned estates in Tori, Lesser and Inner Kartli. Pressured by the princes of Samtskhe of the Jaqeli dynasty in the 14th century, the Torelis were forced to move to Shida Kartli and the duchy was absorbed into Principality of Samtskhe.

## Rulers

* Zuiai (~964)
* Vache (960 – 70's)
* Zviad (10–11th century)
* Pharsman Tmogveli (1023–1065)
* Varazbakur Toreli (1065 – ?)
* Kakha Toreli (1152)
* Gamrekeli Toreli (1170's – 1191)
* Kakha II Toreli (1191 – ?)
* Shalva Toreli-Akhaltiskheli (? – 1226)
* Gamrekeli III Toreli (1225 – ?)
* Kakha III Toreli (1250 – 70's)
* Gamrekel Ghobiari (13th century)
# Psalidognathus modestus

Psalidognathus modestus is a species of beetle belonging to the family Cerambycidae.

## Description

Psalidognathus modestus can reach a length of 40–87 millimetres (1.6–3.4 in). The surface is shining and the basic colour is black or dark brown. The head is spiny and the mandibles are very large.

## Distribution

This species can be found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama and Venezuela.
# 2008 Internazionali Femminili di Palermo

The 2008 Internazionali Femminili di Palermo was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 21st edition of the Internazionali Femminili di Palermo, and was part of the Tier IV Series of the 2008 WTA Tour. It took place in Palermo, Italy, from 7 July until 13 July 2008.

## Finals
### Singles

Sara Errani defeated Mariya Koryttseva, 6–2, 6–3
* It was Sara Errani's 1st career title.

### Doubles

Sara Errani / Nuria Llagostera Vives defeated Alla Kudryavtseva / Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, 2–6, 7–6$^{(7–1)}$, 10–4
# Summer's End (album)

Summer's End is the second studio album by the Dutch gothic metal band Autumn.

## Track listing

* "The Coven (The Witch in Me, Part II)" - 3:47
* "Gospels in Dusk (The Witch in Me, Part III)" - 4:34
* "Gallery of Reality" - 6:06
* "Silent Madness" - 5:20
* "Vision Red" - 5:54
* "Lifeline" - 5:54
* "This Night" - 4:07
* "The Green Angel" - 5:51
* "Whispering Secrets" - 4:27
* "Summer's End" - 4:56
* "Solar Wake" - 5:27

## Bonus material

* "Premeditated Dying" video

## B-sides

* "Premeditated Dying", available on the "Gallery of Reality" single.

## Charts

| Chart (2004) | Peak position |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 60 |
# Antonio Porcelli

Antonio Porcelli (1800–1870) was an Italian painter. He painted both landscape and figures in genre scenes. Some of the paintings have been described as of "historic or fantastic themes" including one titled Il nano misterioso nella spianata di Pietra Nera based on W. Scott story, Pinacoteca Civica of Ravena. He was inscribed in 1838 in the Congregazione dei Virtuosi al Pantheon. Other notes describe his as a painter of bambocciate.

## Works

* A peddler
* Joseph with Jesus as a child
* IL BARBIERE, 1835
* Two octagoanl temperas on parchement with birds and animals on branches of fruit trees, 1657
# 1992 TAAC men's basketball tournament

The 1992 Trans America Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament (now known as the ASUN men's basketball tournament) was held March 6–8 at the Hanner Fieldhouse in Statesboro, Georgia.
Hosts Georgia Southern defeated Georgia State in the championship game, 95–82, to win their third TAAC/Atlantic Sun men's basketball tournament. The Eagles, therefore, received the TAAC's automatic bid to the 1992 NCAA tournament.
Two teams, Arkansas–Little Rock and Texas–San Antonio, departed the TAAC prior to the season (UALR joined the Sun Belt and UTSA joined the Southland). In turn, the two were replaced by Southeastern Louisiana and Florida International, thus maintaining conference membership at eight teams.
The TAAC tournament was not held again until 1994.

## Bracket

| Quarterfinals Friday, March 6 | Quarterfinals Friday, March 6 | Quarterfinals Friday, March 6 | Semifinals Saturday, March 7 | Semifinals Saturday, March 7 | Semifinals Saturday, March 7 | Championship Sunday, March 8 | Championship Sunday, March 8 | Championship Sunday, March 8 |
| 1 | Georgia Southern | 106 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Southeastern Louisiana | 86 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Southeastern Louisiana | 86 | 1 | Georgia Southern | 81 | | | |
| | | | 4 | Samford | 61 | | | |
| 5 | Stetson | 44 | 4 | Samford | 61 | | | |
| 4 | Samford | 58 | | | | | | |
| 4 | Samford | 58 | | | | 1 | Georgia Southern | 95 |
| | | | | | | 2 | Georgia State | 82 |
| 3 | Florida International | 72 | | | | | | | 2 | Georgia State | 82 |
| 6 | Mercer | 98 | | | | | | |
| 6 | Mercer | 98 | 6 | Mercer | 68 | | | |
| | | | 2 | Georgia State | 75 | | | |
| 7 | Centenary (LA) | 69 | 2 | Georgia State | 75 | | | |
| 2 | Georgia State | 84 | | | | | | |
# Delphinium denudatum

Delphinium denudatum is a species of wildflower in the genus Delphinium, native to Central Asia.

## Distribution

Delphinium denudatum is found on the outer ranges of western Himalayas of Nepal and in India from Kashmir to Kumaon at a height between 8000 and 12000 feet above sea level.

## Medicinal properties

It is one of the important drugs used as indigenous medicine in India, especially in Unani medicine. Its vernacular name is Jadwar.
The roots of the plant are reported to be useful in a variety of ailments such as aconite poisoning, brain diseases, fungal infection, piles and toothache as analgesic and astringent. A number of studies have been done on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties.
Its use in opium addiction is mentioned in some classical literature, which has been verified and validated in morphine-induced physical dependent de-addiction studies. Some species are reported to have been poisonous.
# Miruše

Miruše (Serbian Cyrillic: Мируше) is a village in the municipality of Bileća, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Thomery

Thomery (French: ) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France, between the forest of Fontainebleau and the river Seine. Thomery station has rail connections to Montereau-Fault-Yonne, Melun and Paris.

## Population

Inhabitants of Thomery are called Thomeryons in French.

## Economy

Over the centuries, Thomery has been home to the Chasselas of Thomery table grapes culture (different from the Moissac's chasselas) performed according to ancestral techniques on high walls. After harvesting, the grapes are disposed in especially designed bottles, filled with water and a charcoal piece, and stored over a period of several months in wine caves or cellars built inside the local houses. This technique allows the grapes to be sold after the Christmas season even as late as Easter with perfectly naturally preserved fruits. This tradition has been extremely popular in from 19th century to World War II, and was destinated to rich tables in Paris (grapes were sold at Fauchon) and beyond (the Russian Csar court was also delivered). The peak of production was in the 1920s with more than 800 tons of grapes a year cultured over a total 350 km (220 mi) of walls. The vine walls are still present in Thomery and have been classified in 1993 by the Monuments historiques. Nowadays, only a few inhabitants are still running the activity for local consumption.
# Luis Irizar

Luis Irizar Zamora (30 May 1930 – 9 December 2021) was one of the founding members of the New Basque Cuisine.

## Early years

Born to parents from San Sebastián, he had strong ties to the city and started his career as a chef in the prestigious Hotel María Cristina. During this early period he also worked at the Hotel Azaldegui in San Sebastián, the Restaurant Royal Monceau in Paris and the Hilton in London.

## The catering school years

In 1976, Irizar opened the Escuela de Hostelería del Hotel Euromar in Zarautz, then the first catering school in the Basque Country. This school over the years has produced some of the most renowned chefs of the new Basque cuisine movement in the Basque Country, amongst them Karlos Arguiñano, José Ramón Elizondo, Ramón Roteta, and Pedro Subijana.

## Later career and death

After spells of working in Madrid and running the Restaurante Irizar, he moved back to San Sebastián, this time to found the Luis Irizar Sukaldaritza Eskola ("Luis Irizar School of Cooking") in 1993.
He died on 9 December 2021, at the age of 91.
# Summer's End

Summer's End may refer to:
* Summer's End (film), a 1999 Canadian-American TV film
* Summer's End (album), by Autumn, or the title song, 2004
* "Summer's End", a song by Amorphis from Tuonela, 1999
* "Summer's End", a song by Devon Welsh from Dream Songs, 2018
* "Summer's End", a song by DragonForce from Maximum Overload, 2014
* "Summer's End", a song by the Foo Fighters from Echoes, Silence, Patience & Grace, 2007
* "Summer's End", a song by John Prine from The Tree of Forgiveness, 2018
# Nigel Read

Nigel Read is a retired lightweight rower who competed for Great Britain.

## Rowing career

Read was part of the lightweight eight that secured a bronze medal at the 1975 World Rowing Championships. The following year he was part of the lightweight eight that secured a silver medal at the 1976 World Rowing Championships in Villach, Austria. He won a gold medal at the 1977 World Rowing Championships in Amsterdam with the lightweight men's eight. The following year he was part of the lightweight eight that successfully defended their title and won the gold medal at the 1978 FISA Lightweight Championships in Copenhagen. He regained the title and gold medal at the World Championships in Hazewinkel, August 1980
# Alswear

Alswear is a village in Devon, England, approximately 25 miles (40 km) northwest of Exeter.
# Corene Uzzell

Corene Uzzell (1889–1938) was an American film actress of the silent era.
In 1905, Uzzell acted with the Murray and Mack company. Film studios for which she worked included Essanay, Famous Players, Mirror, and Pathe.

## Selected filmography

* Seven Keys to Baldpate (1917)
* On Trial (1917)
* The Song of Songs (1918)
* A Woman of Impulse (1918)
* Conquered Hearts (1918)
* The Oakdale Affair (1919)
* Thunderbolts of Fate (1919)
* The Invisible Ray (1920)
* Determination (1922)
* Mr. Potter of Texas (1922)
# Der Schmied von Gent

Der Schmied von Gent is a "Grand magical opera" in three acts by Franz Schreker with a German-language libretto by the composer after the story Smetse Smee by the Flemish author Charles de Coster.

## Composition history

The work was composed between 1929 and 1932 and published by Universal Edition. It was the composer's final completed opera.

## Performance history

The work was first performed at the Berlin Städtische Oper on 29 October 1932 conducted by Paul Breisach. The performance was marred by right-wing demonstrations directed at the composer due to his Jewish heritage. The first performance in modern times was at the Berlin Staatsoper in 1981 conducted by Rolf Reuter. Further productions have taken place at Bielefeld Opera (1991), Chemnitz Opera (2010), Flemish Opera (2020), Theater Münster (2023) and Nationaltheater Mannheim (2025).

## Synopsis

Act 1
Smee owns a smithy on the banks of the River Leie in Ghent during the Eighty Years War when the region was struggling for independence from the ruling Spanish. Smee makes no secret of his loathing of the Spaniards and, after being denounced to the authorities by a rival, the drunkard Slimbroek, loses his business and livelihood. He is on the point of drowning himself in the river when mysterious voices call him from the trees, offering him seven years of wealth and prosperity in return for his soul. Reluctantly, Smee agrees and his smithy enjoys a miraculous recovery, to the amazement of Smee’s wife who is unaware of the devilish pact.
Act 2
The seven years are almost at an end and Smee is agonising over his fate. A man and a woman with an infant child appear at the forge: their donkey has lost a shoe which Smee, now wealthier than he could ever have imagined, is happy to replace without charge. The family is revealed as Joseph, Mary and the infant Jesus. In return for his generosity, Joseph grants the blacksmith three wishes with which Smee is able to dupe the three emissaries of Hell which come to claim his soul: the executioner Hessels, the Duke of Alba and Satan’s mistress Astarte. But, in an infernal vision, Lucifer himself appears and the smithy disappears into the Leie.
Act 3
Smee, now old and with his forge gone, dies with his wife at his side and begins his journey to the other world. At first, he arrives at the gates of Hell, but the devils, remembering the trouncing he inflicted on them earlier, want nothing to do with him. He then approaches the gates of Heaven but is refused entry by St. Peter. With nowhere to go, Smee decides to open a stall serving food and drink to new arrivals. Former acquaintances from Ghent (including Slimbroek) soon appear and they join in a lively drinking song. When Smee’s wife arrives, she intercedes with St. Joseph and, after weighing his good deeds against his bad, Joseph finally admits Smee entry into Paradise.

## Recordings

Der Schmied von Gent: Oliver Zwarg, Undine Dreißig, Andre Riemer, Judith Kuhn, Chor der Oper Chemnitz, Robert-Schumann-Philharmonie, Frank Beermann, CPO.
# Baynard Castle

Baynard Castle may refer to:
* Baynard Castle, Cottingham, East Riding of Yorkshire
* Baynard's Castle, London
# Armesto

Armesto is a surname of Spanish origin. People with that name include:
* Marie-Rose Armesto (1960-2007), Spanish-born Belgian journalist
* Sebastian Armesto (born 1982), British film, television and theatre actor
# 2019 Oracle Challenger Series – Indian Wells – Men's doubles

Austin Krajicek and Jackson Withrow were the defending champions but only Withrow chose to defend his title, partnering Mitchell Krueger. Withrow lost in the first round to Lloyd Harris and Ruan Roelofse.
JC Aragone and Marcos Giron won the title after defeating Darian King and Hunter Reese 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

## Seeds

* Robert Galloway / Nathaniel Lammons (first round)
* Matt Reid / John-Patrick Smith (semifinals)
* Nathan Pasha / Donald Young (first round)
* Darian King / Hunter Reese (final)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | R Galloway N Lammons | 6 | 6$^5$ | [6] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Bolt S Verbeek | 4 | 7$^7$ | [10] | | A Bolt S Verbeek | 2 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | JC Aragone M Giron | 4 | 6 | [10] | WC | JC Aragone M Giron | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | D Istomin P Krstin | 6 | 4 | [7] | | | | | | WC | JC Aragone M Giron | 3 | 6 | [10] | | | | |
| 3/WC | N Pasha D Young | 6 | 5 | [4] | | | | | | | M Kecmanović D Köpfer | 6 | 4 | [5] | | | | |
| | M Kecmanović D Köpfer | 1 | 7 | [10] | | M Kecmanović D Köpfer | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | L Harris R Roelofse | 6 | 6 | | | L Harris R Roelofse | 6$^4$ | 3 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | M Krueger J Withrow | 2 | 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | WC | JC Aragone M Giron | 6 | 6 |
| WC | C Eubanks T-S Kwiatkowski | 5 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | 4 | D King H Reese | 4 | 4 |
| | R Bemelmans Y Maden | 7 | 3 | [8] | WC | C Eubanks T-S Kwiatkowski | 6$^5$ | 6 | [5] | | | | | | | | | |
| | LD Martínez L Rosol | 3 | 6$^6$ | | 4 | D King H Reese | 7$^7$ | 4 | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | D King H Reese | 6 | 7$^8$ | | | | | | | 4 | D King H Reese | 6 | 4 | [10] | | | | |
| | E Donskoy A Rublev | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | 2 | M Reid J-P Smith | 4 | 6 | [6] | | | | |
| Alt | K Majchrzak J Zopp | 6 | 6 | | Alt | K Majchrzak J Zopp | 6 | 6$^5$ | [8] | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Jung E King | 1 | 4 | | 2 | M Reid J-P Smith | 4 | 7$^7$ | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | M Reid J-P Smith | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Buenaventura Classic

The Buenaventura Classic was a men's professional golf tournament held in Panama on PGA Tour Latinoamérica. The tournament was first held in 2014 on the Nicklaus Design Buenaventura Golf Club, the inaugural winner was Julián Etulain.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Score | To par | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| Buenaventura Classic |||||||
| 2019 | Jared Wolfe | 275 | −13 | 5 strokes | Mitchell Meissner Mito Pereira Ryan Ruffels |
| Lexus Panama Classic |||||||
| 2017–18: No tournament |||||||
| 2016 | Derek Rende | 276 | −12 | 1 stroke | Emilio Domínguez |
| 2015 | Rodolfo Cazaubón | 276 | −12 | 2 strokes | Samuel Del Val Ethan Tracy |
| 2014 | Julián Etulain | 271 | −17 | 2 strokes | Gato Zarlenga |
# Sungai Selan

Sungai Selan is a district (kecamatan) of Central Bangka Regency, in the Bangka-Belitung province of Indonesia.

## History

Sungai Selan was the initial point for the spread of Catholicism into Bangka, originating from Catholic Chinese physician Tsjen On Ngie (1795–1871) who moved from Penang into Sungai Selan in 1830, and his house gradually became a makeshift chapel with statues and prayer rooms. By 1853, a resident priest had been assigned to the area, and although the number of Catholics fluctuated (recorded at 379 in 1967, mainly Chinese migrant workers who often returned to China), a Capuchin friar was assigned to Sungai Selan in 1912, until 1918 when shifts in the tin mining industry resulted in a relocation of the mission to Pangkal Pinang. During this period, a beriberi outbreak in 1883 amongst Chinese migrant workers killed half of the congregation. The Sungai Selan mission was the first Catholic mission in the Dutch East Indies outside Java.
During a Dutch administrative organization of Bangka Island in 1854, Sungai Selan was one of nine districts defined. Following Indonesian independence, a reorganization of administrative divisions of Bangka in 2003 placed Sungai Selan in the Central Bangka Regency.

## Administration

Sungai Selan is subdivided into the urban village (kelurahan) of Sungai Selan which serves as the administrative center and twelve regular villages (desa).

## Economy

Agriculture and tin mining comprises the largest sources of employment in the district, with oil palm and black pepper being major commodities.$^{:49}$
The district hosts a river port operated by the government-owned PT Pelindo II. The port serves speedboats crossing from South Sumatra, and handles around 200 tons of cargo daily.
# Anup Singh (filmmaker)

Anup Singh (born 14 March 1961) is Geneva based filmmaker, born in Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania, East Africa and grew up in a Sikh family of Punjab origin.

## Biography

Anup Singh was born on 14 March 1961 in Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania. His family fled Tanzania and came to Bombay in 1971. He graduated in literature and philosophy from the Bombay University and from the Film and TV Institute of India, Pune. He directed films for Indian TV, and was a consultant for BBC2. He now teaches at a film school in Geneva.

## Filmography
### Director
#### Ekti Nadir Naam (2003)

Ekti Nadir Naam (The Name of a River) was Anup Singh's first feature-length film was selected in 30 festivals worldwide and won several awards. The film was based on Indian filmmaker Ritwik Ghatak whom Anup Singh considers as his teacher.

#### Qissa (2013)

Qissa - The Tale of a Lonely Ghost premiered at Toronto 2013, and was critically acclaimed, hailed by the international press: "stuns its audience", "beyond boundaries", "conjure such intense feelings", "distinctive storytelling". Awards include Best Asian Film by Netpac, the Silver Gateway Award at the Mumbai FF and Best Actress Award at Abu Dhabi FF.

#### The Song of the Scorpions (2017)

The Song of Scorpions stars Golshifteh Farahani, Irrfan Khan, Waheeda Rehman and Shashank Arora.
# Bosworth fracture

The Bosworth fracture is a rare fracture of the distal fibula with an associated fixed posterior dislocation of the proximal fibular fragment which becomes trapped behind the posterior tibial tubercle. The injury is caused by severe external rotation of the ankle. The ankle remains externally rotated after the injury, making interpretation of X-rays difficult which can lead to misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment. The injury is most commonly treated by open reduction internal fixation as closed reduction is made difficult by the entrapment of the fibula behind the tibia.
The entrapment of an intact fibula behind the tibia was described by Ashhurst and Bromer in 1922, who attributed the description of the mechanism of injury to Huguier's 1848 publication. The injury involving fibular fracture with posterior dislocation was described by David M. Bosworth in 1947.

## Treatment

Because of a fixed dislocation within the proximal fibular fragment posterior of the lateral ridge of the tibia, Bosworth fracture is typically irreducible using closed techniques. As a result, an early open reduction is required to avoid further complications.

## Outlook

Complications such as cutaneous necrosis, superficial infection, compartmental syndrome, astragalus avascular necrosis, joint stiffness, superficial fibular nerve lesion, and secondary arthrosis are more common in the Bosworth injury compared to any other type of ankle fracture-dislocation. Delays in surgical reduction or repeated close reduction efforts are risk factors for poor results and an increased risk of complications.
# Naked Pueblo

Naked Pueblo is a short story collection written by Mark Jude Poirier and first published by Crown in 1998. Poirier's debut collection, it includes the following stories, all set in and around Tucson, Arizona:-
       The narrator tells of his lifelong friend Chigger and his widowed alcoholic mother, and of an evening spent at San Carlos Lake.
       Jackpot, the daughter of a stripper from Agua Prieta replies to an ad in the Tucson Citizen in order to get out of Eloy and becomes the assistant to a realtor in Tucson dependent on valium.
       Mulligan tells of a summer spent mountain-biking in Telluride.
       A designer of concrete benches tells of his life spent in a desert cul-de-sac with his wife and niece, including a visit to Pima Air Museum.
       Snider's tells of his mother's relationships following his father's departure to lead a church.
       Grant works in a Value Village thrift store; taking his pick of the donated goods before they reach the shelves.
       Linda Hardiman's log of the behaviour of Charles Hackenbush in her art lessons and the punishment she applies.
       Three rock climbers head for Joshua Tree relying on shop lifting for food and syphoning to provide petrol for their trip.
       Sam tells of his trips to strip joints in Nogales with his old friend Beezer and of the strain this puts on his marriage to Becky who is working on a dissertation on Botero entitled The Sensuality of Plump.
       Maxim's middle name is Jude. Harper believes he is therefore able to influence St. Jude in praying for her brother and promises to cook beans for him if he visits shrines on her behalf.
       Ted tells of his life as a mod in the Tucson ska scene including a clash with skinheads.
       Tells the story of how 'Monkey Lady' (from the first story) lost her foot on a tilt-a-whirl ride