OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lyapunov–Malkin theorem

The Lyapunov–Malkin theorem (named for Aleksandr Lyapunov and Ioel Malkin [ru]) is a mathematical theorem detailing stability of nonlinear systems.

## Theorem

In the system of differential equations,
    ${\dot {x}}=Ax+X(x,y),\quad {\dot {y}}=Y(x,y)$
where $x\in \mathbb {R} ^{m}$ and $y\in \mathbb {R} ^{n}$ are components of the system state, $A\in \mathbb {R} ^{m\times m}$ is a matrix that represents the linear dynamics of $x$, and $X:\mathbb {R} ^{m}\times \mathbb {R} ^{n}\to \mathbb {R} ^{m}$ and $Y:\mathbb {R} ^{m}\times \mathbb {R} ^{n}\to \mathbb {R} ^{n}$ represent higher-order nonlinear terms. If all eigenvalues of the matrix $A$ have negative real parts, and X(x, y), Y(x, y) vanish when x = 0, then the solution x = 0, y = 0 of this system is stable with respect to (x, y) and asymptotically stable with respect to x. If a solution (x(t), y(t)) is close enough to the solution x = 0, y = 0, then
    $\lim _{t\to \infty }x(t)=0,\quad \lim _{t\to \infty }y(t)=c.$

## Example

Consider the vector field given by
${\dot {x}}=-x+x^{2}y,\quad {\dot {y}}=xy^{2}$
In this case, A = -1 and X(0, y) = Y(0, y) = 0 for all y, so this system satisfy the hypothesis of Lyapunov-Malkin theorem.
The figure below shows a plot of this vector field along with some trajectories that pass near (0,0). As expected by the theorem, it can be seen that trajectories in the neighborhood of (0,0) converges to a point in the form (0,c).
# Lyapunov redesign

In nonlinear control, the technique of Lyapunov redesign refers to the design where a stabilizing state feedback controller can be constructed with knowledge of the Lyapunov function $V$. Consider the system
    ${\dot {x}}=f(t,x)+G(t,x)[u+\delta (t,x,u)]$
where $x\in R^{n}$ is the state vector and $u\in R^{p}$ is the vector of inputs. The functions $f$, $G$, and $\delta$ are defined for $(t,x,u)\in [0,\inf )\times D\times R^{p}$, where $D\subset R^{n}$ is a domain that contains the origin. A nominal model for this system can be written as
    ${\dot {x}}=f(t,x)+G(t,x)u$
and the control law
    $u=\phi (t,x)+v$
stabilizes the system. The design of $v$ is called Lyapunov redesign.
# C14H18N2

The molecular formula C$_{14}$H$_{18}$N$_2$ (molar mass: 214.31 g/mol) may refer to:
* 1,8-Bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene
* Ciclindole
* MALT (psychedelic drug)
* Pyr-T, or N,N-tetramethylenetryptamine
* SN-22
* WAY-163909
# Lumellogno

Lumellogno is a settlement of some 1,500 people to the south-west of the city of Novara in the Italian province Piedmont. Administratively it is a quarter (quartiere) of the Commune of Novara; geographically it is separated from the town by paddy fields and the torrent Agogna.
Lumellogno was the birthplace of the noted twelfth-century scholastic Petrus Lombardus.
# Lumea

Lumea (Romanian: The World) was a monthly magazine on international politics published in Bucharest, Romania, between 1963 and 1993.

## History and profile

Lumea was established by George Ivascu in 1963. It is the successor of Timpuri Noi and modeled on Western magazines. At the beginning the magazine attempted to provide an alternative perspective about international politics. However, later it became a mainstream publication, being compliant to the communist regime. In 1993 the magazine folded.
# Lytras

Lytras is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Nikiforos Lytras (1832–1904), Greek painter
* Nikolaos Lytras (1883–1927), Greek painter
* Orfeas Lytras (born 1998), Greek footballer
# CMAS Europe

CMAS Europe (CMAS EU) is an organisation created expressly to represent the interests of Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS) within the European Union and in other parts of Europe by European national diving federations affiliated to CMAS.

## Purpose and organisation

Its purpose is to promote, support, develop and as necessary, defend the following interests of CMAS within the European Union and in other parts of Europe - the CMAS International Diver Training Certification System, underwater sports represented by CMAS, the actions of the CMAS Scientific Committee concerning the protection of both the marine environment and underwater cultural heritage, and all other events relevant to CMAS’ aims. It is incorporated as an Association internationale sans but lucrative in Belgium. Its operation is overseen by a board of directors.
It holds special membership status within the European Underwater Federation (EUF).

## Membership

The following organisations (in alphabetical order by name of country) are the CMAS National Federations which founded CMAS EU on 25 June 2005:
* Austria - Tauchsportverband Österreichs (TSVÖ)
* Belgium - Fédération Royale Belge De Recherches et d'Activites Sous-Marines and Belgische Federatie voor Onderwateronderzoek in-sport (FEBRAS-BEFOS)
* Cyprus - Cyprus Federation of Underwater Activities (AUFC)
* Czech Republic - Svaz Potápěčů České Republiky (SPČR)
* Denmark - Dansk Sportdykker Forbund (DSF)
* Estonia - All Eesti Veeliit (EAVSL)
* Finland - Ry Sukelajaliito (SR)
* France - Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins (FFESSM) - terminated membership in 2014
* Germany - Verband Deutscher Sporttaucher eV (VDST)
* Great Britain - Sub-Aqua Association (SAA)
* Great Britain - British Underwater Sports Association (BUSA)
* Greece - Hellenic Federation for Underwater Activities (HFUA)
* Hungary - Magyar Buva Szakszövetség (MBSZ)
* Ireland - Comhairle Fo-Thuinn (CFT)
* Italy - Federazione Italiana Pesca Sportiva has Attivita subacquee (FIPSAS)
* Latvia - CMAS Baltic (CB)
* Lithuania - Lietuvos Povandeninio Sporto Federcija (LUSF)
* Luxembourg - Fédération Luxembourgeoise des Activités et Sports Subaquatiques (FLASSA)
* Malta - Federation of Underwater Activities Malta (FUAM)
* Netherlands - Nederlandse Onderwatersport Bond (NOB)
* Poland - Komisja Dzialalnosci Podwodnej - Polskie Towarzystwo Turystyczno-Krajoznawcze (KDP-PTTK)
* Poland - Polski Zwiarek Pletwonurkowania (PZP)
* Portugal - Federação Portuguesa de Actividades Subaquaticas (FPAS)
* Slovakia - Zväz Potãpacov Slovenska (SPA)
* Slovenia - Slovenska Potapljaska Zveza (SPZ)
* Spain - Federación Española de Actividades Subacuáticas (FEDAS)
* Sweden - Svenska Sportdykarförbundet (SSDF)
# C16H30O

The molecular formula C$_{16}$H$_{30}$O (molar mass: 238.41 g/mol, exact mass: 238.2297 u) may refer to:
* Bombykol
* Cyclohexadecanone
* Muscone
# C23H30N2O5

The molecular formula C$_{23}$H$_{30}$N$_2$O$_5$ (molar mass: 414.50 g/mol) may refer to:
* Deacetylvindoline
* 7-Hydroxymitragynine
* Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl
# C16H21NO3

The molecular formula C$_{16}$H$_{21}$NO$_3$ (molar mass: 275.35 g/mol, exact mass: 275.1521 u) may refer to:
* Datumetine
* Homatropine
* Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV)
* Rolipram
# COPT Defense Properties

COPT Defense Properties, an S&P MidCap 400 Company, is a fully integrated and self-managed REIT focused on owning, operating and developing properties in locations proximate to, or sometimes containing, key U.S. Government defense installations and missions, referred to as its Defense/IT Portfolio.
The Company’s tenants include the USG and their defense contractors, who are primarily engaged in priority national security activities, and who generally require mission-critical and high security property enhancements.

## History

COPT Defense Properties was initially founded in Minnesota in 1988 as Royale Investments, Inc., eventually developing into an externally advised REIT.
In October 1997, Royale Investments acquired the Mid Atlantic operations of The Shidler Group.
The combined entity, now a self-administered REIT, adopted the name Corporate Office Properties Trust.
Corporate Office Properties Trust, became a public company on April 23, 1998, by listing its shares on the NYSE under the ticker symbol OFC.
Since 2011, Company deeply concentrated its real estate portfolio at locations proximate to, or sometimes containing, priority National Defense missions, and mission critical operations.
In September 2023, the Company changed its name from Corporate Office Properties Trust to COPT Defense Properties, and changed its NYSE ticker symbol to CDP, to better describe its investment strategy’s focus on locations serving U.S. priority defense activities.

## Tenants

The company's largest tenants are as follows:
| Rank | Tenant | % of total 2019 revenue |
| 1 | General Services Administration | 34.6% |
| 2 | Vadata (Amazon.com) | 7.9% |
| 3 | General Dynamics | 4.9% |
| 4 | Boeing | 3.2% |
| 5 | CACI | 2.5% |
| 6 | Northrop Grumman | 2.2% |
| 7 | CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield | 2.1% |
| 8 | Booz Allen Hamilton | 2.1% |
| 9 | Wells Fargo | 1.3% |
| 10 | AT&T Corporation | 1.3% |
# COPUS

COPUS may stand for:
* Julia Copus (born 1969), British poet, radio dramatist and children's writer
* Committee on the Public Understanding of Science, UK organisation
* Coalition on the Public Understanding of Science, US organisation
* COPUS (band), a rap jazz fusion ensemble
# CD25 deficiency

CD25 deficiency or interleukin 2 receptor alpha deficiency is an immunodeficiency disorder associated with mutations in the interleukin 2 receptor alpha (CD25) (IL2RA) gene. The mutations cause expression of a defective α chain or complete absence thereof, an essential part of high-affinity interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptors. The result is a syndrome described as IPEX-like or a SCID.
In one patient, deficiency of CD25 on CD4+ lymphocytes caused significantly impaired sensitivity to IL-2. This was demonstrated by a lack of measurable response in anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion to low-dose IL-2 incubation. Greatly reduced IL-10 secretion compared to healthy humans results in a syndrome comparable to IPEX syndrome, a type of autoimmunity which is caused by FoxP3 transcription factor dysfunction. In addition to IPEX-like symptoms, CD25 deficiency increases susceptibility to viral infections and possibly fungal and bacterial infections.
As IL-2 is an important inducer of lymphocyte proliferation, the absence of highly sensitive IL-2 receptors may also significantly hinder activation and clonal expansion of CD8+ and CD4+ lymphocytes and NK cells. One case also reported the absence of CD1, a MHC-like glycoprotein involved in the presentation of lipid antigens to T cells, in a CD25 deficient patient. Furthermore, chronic upregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 in thymocytes was also described possibly allowing autoreactive T cells to escape deletion.
# Lysmata bahia

Lysmata bahia is a species of saltwater shrimp first classified as Lysmata wurdemanni. It is found in shallow waters of the Atlantic Ocean, and can be distinguished by its coloration pattern.
# M. Stephen Heilman

Marlin Stephen "Doc" Heilman (born December 25, 1933) is an American physician, entrepreneur and inventor. He is credited with inventions in the fields of contrast enhanced medical imaging, the first implantable cardioverter defibrillator or ICD, the first wearable defibrillator or LifeVest defibrillator, and heart assist devices. His first inventions, a flow controlled angiographic injector and pressure tolerant disposable angiographic syringes, advanced the fields of radiology and cardiology by improving the diagnostic image quality and eliminating the imaging risk of blood borne disease transmission from patient to patient. He founded Medrad Inc, now part of Bayer Healthcare, to manufacture and supply these imaging devices on a worldwide basis. In 2013, an estimated 65 million medical imaging procedures were performed using Medrad products.
Medrad and its subsidiary Intec Systems, in collaboration with Michel Mirowski and Morton Mower, developed the world's first implantable cardioverter defibrillator or ICD.

## Early life and education

Heilman was born on Christmas Day, 1933 in Tarentum, Pennsylvania.
He came from a family of doctors, including his brother, Daniel, his father, Glenn, his grandfather, Uriah Oury Heilman, his Uncle Marlin and Aunt Rena. Rena earned her degree from the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania and the rest from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. Heilman graduated from medical school in 1959. All of them practiced medicine in and around Pittsburgh. The family also practiced Swedenborgian religion.

## Early career

Heilman worked as a Commander in the Air Force at the Tactical Air Command Hospital in the Netherlands from 1961 to 1963.
In 1964 he founded Medrad Inc., to commercialize an invention he made; it was a device to control the flow of contrast agent during angiography procedures.
He later founded a company called Lifecor to commercialize another invention, a wearable automated external defibrillator in the form of a vest. Lifecor was acquired by Zoll Medical Corporation in 2006, which in turn was acquired by Asahi Kasei in 2012. As of 2012 the company employed around 500 people near Pittsburgh.

## Defibrillators

Together with Mirowski and Mower through a company called Intec Systems, Heilman made the initial human automatic implantable defibrillator. In 2002, based on an ICD invention, Heilman, Langer, Mirowski and Mower were inducted into the United States Inventors Hall of Fame.
# M. Subbaraya Aiyar

M. Subbaraya Aiyar (1885–1963) was a prominent income tax lawyer and philanthropist born in Marayur, Tanjore District in the old Madras Presidency. He started from humble beginnings in the village of Marayur and moved to Chennai as a small boy. He was educated at the Madras Christian College and the Law College in Madras and became a High Court lawyer in 1910 under the law firm headed by Sir C. P. Ramaswami Iyer. Constituent Assembly member Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer was a close friend of his from this time. He was later associated with D. Srinivasan, a criminal defense lawyer and father of renowned Tamil actor Kamal Haasan. After a successful practice in Income Tax Law, Aiyar co-founded three educational institutions: Vivekananda College, Vidya Mandir and Madras Institute of Technology in Chromepet, Madras.
# CCSP Tours

Centre Culturel et Sportive Portugais de Tours is a French association football club. They are based in the town of Tours and their home stadium is the Stade des Tourettes. As of the 2009–10 season, the club plays in the Division d'Honneur Regionale de Centre, the seventh tier of French football.
# Alan Currall

Alan Currall (born 1964) is an English artist based in Scotland.
Currall was born in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England, and grew up in Staffordshire and Ayrshire, Scotland. Currall studied at the Glasgow School of Art and since 1993 has been based in Glasgow and rural Dumfries & Galloway.
Much of Currall's work is video-based, shot cheaply with a tripod-mounted camera, and features Currall himself. Message to My Best Friend is Currall apparently praising his best friend to the skies ("You've got a great record collection. The way you dress is cool but funky."). Other video works have seen him asking his parents for their advice on how best to survive such disasters as a shipwreck, a plane crash and nuclear war, and reading his own will out loud.
In 2000, Currall produced Encyclopaedia with the support of the film and video umbrella. Encyclopaedia is a CD-ROM encyclopaedia with video clips by 'non-experts' who have influenced the artist in some way, such as his friends and family.
In 1998, Currall won the Richard Hough Bursary. In 2003, Currall was shortlisted for the Beck's Futures prize. In 2004, Currall was one of five selected artists for the Jerwood Artists Platform.
# 3D Tunnel

3D Tunnel is a shoot 'em up video game written by Malcolm Evans for the ZX Spectrum It was published by New Generation Software in 1983.
The cassette inlay describes it as, "Another fast moving 3D game from the author of 3D Monster Maze and Defender for the ZX81. Flapping Birds, Scurrying Rats, Leaping Toads, Crawling Spiders all appear live in the 3D Tunnel".

## Reception

Computer and Video Games: "Superb graphics and game presentation but not for the non-persistent", 21/30.
ZX Computing: "The graphics are so good that I could have just sat there and watched the demo for an hour. This is very professionally put together and a game that I would recommend to anyone".
# Conan I of Rennes

Conan I (died 27 June 992), nicknamed Le Tort (The Crooked), was the Duke of Brittany from 990 to his death.

## Life
### Count to Duke

Conan was the son of Judicael Berengar, succeeding his father as Count of Rennes in 970.
Conan assumed the title of Duke of Brittany in the spring of 990 following his attack on Nantes and the subsequent death of Count Alan. As Duke, his rule succeeded the Regency that governed Brittany during the life of Drogo and the fractured rule of Brittany after Drogo's death by his illegitimate brothers Hoël and Guerech, and the latter's son Alan. The fractured rule over Brittany resulted in a short vacancy in the title Duke of Brittany. Conan I had to ally himself with Odo I, Count of Blois in order to defeat Judicael Berengar before he could assume the title of Duke.

### The Mont St Michel land charter

In a charter dated 28 July 990, Conan gave the lands of Villamée, Lillele and Passille to Mont Saint-Michel, all of which later became part of the seigneury of Fougères.

### Marriage alliance

Conan married Ermengarde-Gerberga of Anjou, in 973, daughter of Geoffrey I, Count of Anjou and Adele of Vermandois. Conan's alliance with Odo of Blois had helped him defeat Judicael Berengar.

### Norman Pact

The alliance with Blois eventually became troublesome and he later needed to "rid himself of influence from Blois, [which he accomplished by signing] a pact with Richard I of Normandy; [this pact] established firm Breton-Norman links for the first time." Richard I had married the daughter of Hugh I the Great, and after this marriage had re-asserted his father's claim as Overlord of the Breton duchy. Conan I's pact with Normandy strengthened that assertion but the historical documentation for that Overlordship claim remains doubtful because it largely appears only in the less than authoritative writings of Dudo of Saint-Quentin.

### Death

Conan died fighting his brother-in-law Fulk Nerra, Count of Anjou at the Battle of Conquereuil on 27 June 992. Conan is buried at Mont Saint-Michel Abbey.

## Family

Conan and his wife Ermengarde-Gerberga had:
* Geoffrey (c. 980–1008), the eventual heir.
* Judith (982–1017), married Richard II, Duke of Normandy.
* Judicael, count of Porhoët (died 1037).
* Hernod.
* Catuallon, Abbot of Redon
# Chilka railway station

vteKhurda Road–Visakhapatnam section :
Legend :
Chilka railway station is a railway station on the East Coast Railway network in the state of Odisha, India. It serves Chilka village. Its code is CLKA. It has four platforms. Passenger, MEMU, Express trains halt at Chilka railway station.

## Major trains

* East Coast Express
* Hirakhand Express
* Bhubaneshwar–Visakhapatnam Intercity Express
* Puri–Tirupati Express
# Kanniyath Ahmed Musliyar

Kanniyath Ahmed Musliyar (Arabic:كنّيت احمد مسليار) former president of Samastha Kerala Jamiyyathul Ulama, was a 20th-century scholar of Muslim Kerala and the teacher of the scholar E. K. Aboobacker Musliyar.

## Early life

He was born to Kanniyath Avaran Kutty and Khadeeja in 1900 January 17. He was admitted to Vazhakkad Darul Uloom, founded under the reformation leader Chālilakath Kunh Ahmed Hāji, and in 1926 Qutubi Muhammed Muslliyy became head of the institution and appointed him as his assistant.

## Death

He died on 19 September 1993 (Rabeel Akhar 2, 1414).
# Aneplasa

Aneplasa is a genus of African ground spiders that was first described by R. W. E. Tucker in 1923, but might actually be a junior synonym of Nomisia.

## Species

As of May 2019 it contains eight species found in South Africa, East Africa, or Angola:
* Aneplasa balnearia Tucker, 1923 (type) – South Africa
* Aneplasa borlei Lessert, 1933 – Angola
* Aneplasa facies Tucker, 1923 – South Africa
* Aneplasa interrogationis Tucker, 1923 – South Africa
* Aneplasa nigra Tucker, 1923 – South Africa
* Aneplasa primaris Tucker, 1923 – South Africa
* Aneplasa sculpturata Tucker, 1923 – South Africa
* Aneplasa strandi Caporiacco, 1947 – East Africa
# Baarah

Baarah (Dhivehi: ބާރަށް) is an inhabited island in Haa Alif Atoll in the northern Maldives. It is an island-level administrative constituency governed by the Baarah Island Council.

## History

Historically, Baarah was the island where the vessel Kalhuohfummi was built in the latter half of the 16th century. The ship played a key role in Sultan Muhammad Thakurufaanu's war against the Portuguese invasion of the country. The sails of the ship were made on the island of Maroshi further south.

## Geography

The island is 294.23 km (183 mi; 159 nmi) north of the country's capital, Malé. The island is shaped like the letter 'ب 'in Arabic.

### Ecology

A large part of the shores are covered by a mangroves predominantly occupied by Rhizophora mucronata and Hibiscus tiliaceus. The soil around these areas is rich in hydrogen sulphide and is often avoided by islanders. The ecosystem is under threat due to logging, garbage dumping and poor management.

## Demography

Now, the population has increased to 2000.
# Alan Curtis (British actor)

Alan Vernon Curtis (30 July 1930 – 18 February 2021) was an English actor and cricket announcer.

## Life and career

Curtis was born in Coulsdon, Surrey in July 1930. He had a long career in the film, television and theatre, which included appearances in four films of cult director Pete Walker.
He also served as an announcer for the MCC at Lord's Cricket Ground for 28 years.
Curtis lived in Chiswick, where he died in February 2021 aged 90.

## Filmography
### Film

* Ladies Who Do (1963) - 2nd Businessman (uncredited)
* Tomorrow at Ten (1965) - Inspector
* Agente Logan - missione Ypotron (1966) - Streich
* Carry On Henry (1971) - Conte di Pisa
* Die Screaming, Marianne (1971) - Sloopy's Manager
* Four Dimensions of Greta (1972) - Carl Roberts
* The Flesh and Blood Show (1972) - Jack Phipps
* Carry On Abroad (1972) - Police Chief
* Tiffany Jones (1973) - Marocek
* Professor Popper's Problem (1974) - Grainger
* The Vision (1988) - Lord Mallory

### Television

* The Avengers - Mission to Montreal (1962) - Brand
* The Saint - The Death Penalty - Trape
* The Saint - The Golden Frog - Vargas
* Doctor Who - The War Machines (1966) - Major Green
* Morecambe and Wise (1969-1971) - Bank Manager / King Philip of Spain / Inspector Crump
* Up Pompeii in "The Peace Treaty" (1970) - Captain Bumptius
* On the Buses (TV series) in Episode 2 of Series 4, "The Canteen Girl") (1970) - Mr. Stewart
* Jason King - An Author in Search of Two Characters (1972) - Commissionaire
* Whoops Baghdad (1973) - Captain of the Guards / Havabanana / Sheikh Akabar the Vile / Robber

## Theatre appearances

* The Players' Theatre
* Peter Pan ... as Captain Hook
* Aladdin at the London Palladium as Abanazar
* Robinson Crusoe at the London Palladium as Will Atkins, the Pirate
* Babes in the Wood at the London Palladium as the Sheriff of Nottingham
# 20th Anniversary: Singles & My Favorites

20th Anniversary ~Singles & My Favorites~ is a compilation album by Japanese singer Rina Chinen, released on February 8, 2017, by Sony Music Entertainment Japan to commemorate the 20th anniversary of her music career and celebrate her 36th birthday. The two-disc album compiles Chinen's singles from 1996 to 2001, plus select tracks from her previous releases and two tracks from her stage musical career.
The album peaked at No. 117 on Oricon's albums chart.

## Charts

| Chart (2017) | Peak position |
| Japanese Albums (Oricon) | 117 |
# May Lake (California)

May Lake is a lake in Yosemite National Park, as well as a High Sierra Camp where backpackers can stay in tent cabins located near the lake. There are eight cabins that accommodate a total of thirty six guests. The hike to May Lake is from a parking area off Tioga Pass Road and is 1.2 miles (1.9 km). The lake is overlooked by Mount Hoffmann.
May Lake was named by Charles F. Hoffmann, for Lucy Mayotta ("May") Browne, who became his wife in 1870.