OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# User onboarding

User onboarding is the process of improving an individual's requirements and success with a product or service. This term is often used in reference to software products, and it can be done in a manual or automated way. It is the process through which new software is designed such that new users are provided and acquire the necessary knowledge, skills, and behaviors in order to become “up and running” and effective users of website, app, or software service.
The term originates from the human resources term, onboarding, that refers to the mechanism through which new employees acquire the necessary knowledge, skills, and behaviors in order to become effective organizational members.
The goal of user onboarding is to get the users to understand the key principles at the heart of the product and to show them how it will improve their lives. If it can make the point of the product clear and easy to understand the first time a user tries it, have a better chance of gaining excited and engaged customers.
Offering a free trial is an example of how you can implement user onboarding. If someone is able to see how the product is useful and exciting to them within a free trial period, it can take them from being a user to a consumer—willing to invest in order to continue their experience.

## Onboarding techniques

Leveraging the right user onboarding techniques based on the specific requirements can be extremely beneficial for businesses.
Below are different user onboarding techniques and their classifications.
* Single sign-on or social login - Ease the login and add less friction with SSO or Social Login.
* Interactive tutorials, Walkthrough - In-application tutorials that help to onboard new users, highlight features in your application, and also reflect your value proposition faster and easier.
* Beacons, tooltips - Raise visitors attention by adding beacon to any element on the web page.
* Checklists - Leverage gamification effect (see Zeigarnik effect) and provide a clear step-by-step on-boarding flow.
* Coach screens - Opening screens stitched together that appear mostly after the splash screen moves away.
* Training videos - Context-based training videos
# Parasaccogaster

Parasaccogaster is a genus of viviparous brotulas.

## Species

There are currently three recognized species in this genus:
* Parasaccogaster melanomycter (Cohen, 1981)
* Parasaccogaster normae (Cohen & J. G. Nielsen, 1972)
* Parasaccogaster rhamphidognatha (Cohen, 1987)
# Paradiso sul mare

Paradiso sul mare (Paradise on the sea), Anzio, Italy, is an Art Nouveau palace designed by the italian architect, Cesare Bazzani.

## History

Completed in 1924, the five-story palace is located on the promenade of the Anzio shoreline.
Paradiso sul mare is today owned by the municipality of Anzio. The beautiful rooms of the Paradiso sul mare initially were destined to house the casino of the city, but the casino was never opened.
Today the palace houses a hospitality school, event space, art exhibitions and movie sets. The building has appeared in Alberto Sordi's 1973 Polvere di stelle (Stardust). In Federico Fellini's Amarcord, where it is featured as the "Grand Hotel of Rimini" and even appears on the original poster of the film designed by John Alcorn.

## Exhibitions

* Controluce, Giuliano Giganti, Paradiso sul mare (2004)
* Teknemedia, archives, Bianca Madeccia, Rocco Paternostro, Luca Pietrosanti (2006)
* Il Litorale, incontro-spettacolo di arti visive, teatro, danza e musica, con circa trenta artisti delle varie discipline (2006)
* Anzio, Nettuno informa, Modellini militari (2007)
* Arte brasiliana al Paradiso sul mare, Dominique Le Comte, Joseph Pace, Carlos Araujo (2010)
* Trezeri Quarantadue, Un nuovo obiettivo per Anzio, Mostra fotografica, Paradiso sul mare (2010)
* Provincia di Roma, Marilda Dib (2010)
* Anzio Nettuno informa, Roger Waters of Pink Floyd receive the honorary citizenship of Anzio (2013)
* Sbarco di Anzio 70th Anniversary of the Landing of Anzio (2014)
# Parallel computation thesis

In computational complexity theory, the parallel computation thesis is a hypothesis which states that the time used by a (reasonable) parallel machine is polynomially related to the space used by a sequential machine. The parallel computation thesis was set forth by Chandra and Stockmeyer in 1976.
In other words, for a computational model which allows computations to branch and run in parallel without bound, a formal language which is decidable under the model using no more than $t(n)$ steps for inputs of length n is decidable by a non-branching machine using no more than $t(n)^{k}$ units of storage for some constant k. Similarly, if a machine in the unbranching model decides a language using no more than $s(n)$ storage, a machine in the parallel model can decide the language in no more than $s(n)^{k}$ steps for some constant k.
The parallel computation thesis is not a rigorous formal statement, as it does not clearly define what constitutes an acceptable parallel model. A parallel machine must be sufficiently powerful to emulate the sequential machine in time polynomially related to the sequential space; compare Turing machine, non-deterministic Turing machine, and alternating Turing machine. N. Blum (1983) introduced a model for which the thesis does not hold. However, the model allows $2^{2^{O(T(n))}}$ parallel threads of computation after $T(n)$ steps. (See Big O notation.) Parberry (1986) suggested a more "reasonable" bound would be $2^{O(T(n))}$ or $2^{T(n)^{O(1)}}$, in defense of the thesis. Goldschlager (1982) proposed a model which is sufficiently universal to emulate all "reasonable" parallel models, which adheres to the thesis. Chandra and Stockmeyer originally formalized and proved results related to the thesis for deterministic and alternating Turing machines, which is where the thesis originated.
# Parallel database

A parallel database system seeks to improve performance through parallelization of various operations, such as loading data, building indexes and evaluating queries. Although data may be stored in a distributed fashion, the distribution is governed solely by performance considerations. Parallel databases improve processing and input/output speeds by using multiple CPUs and disks in parallel. Centralized and client–server database systems are not powerful enough to handle such applications. In parallel processing, many operations are performed simultaneously, as opposed to serial processing, in which the computational steps are performed sequentially. Parallel databases can be roughly divided into two groups, the first group of architecture is the multiprocessor architecture, the alternatives of which are the following:

## Shared-memory architecture

    Where multiple processors share the main memory (RAM) space but each processor has its own disk (HDD). If many processes run simultaneously, the speed is reduced, the same as a computer when many parallel tasks run and the computer slows down.

## Shared-disk architecture

    Where each node has its own main memory, but all nodes share mass storage, usually a storage area network. In practice, each node usually also has multiple processors.

## Shared-nothing architecture

    Where each node has its own mass storage as well as main memory.
The other architecture group is called hybrid architecture, which includes:
* Non-Uniform Memory Architecture (NUMA), which involves the non-uniform memory access.
* Cluster (shared nothing + shared disk: SAN/NAS), which is formed by a group of connected computers.
in this switches or hubs are used to connect different computers its most cheapest way and simplest way only simple topologies are used to connect different computers . much smarter if switches are implemented.

## Types of parallelism
### Intraquery parallelism

    A single query that is executed in parallel using multiple processors or disks.

### Independent parallelism

    Execution of each operation individually in different processors only if they can be executed independent of each other. For example, if we need to join four tables, then two can be joined at one processor and the other two can be joined at another processor. Final join can be done later.

### Pipe-lined parallelism

    Execution of different operations in pipe-lined fashion. For example, if we need to join three tables, one processor may join two tables and send the result set records as and when they are produced to the other processor. In the other processor the third table can be joined with the incoming records and the final result can be produced.

### Intraoperation parallelism

    Execution of single complex or large operations in parallel in multiple processors. For example, ORDER BY clause of a query that tries to execute on millions of records can be parallelized on multiple processors.
# John Francis Carroll

John Francis Carroll (June 15, 1858 – December 4, 1917) was a newspaper publisher and editor who operated the Evening Telegram in Portland, Oregon. He was best known as an early champion of both the Portland Rose Festival and what became the Carroll Public Market.

## Early life and education

Carroll was born in 1858 in St. Clair, Pennsylvania, a mining town near extensive coal deposits. His parents, Thaddeus Carroll and Caroline Jordan, had immigrated to Pennsylvania from Ireland. Carroll and his brother were raised by an aunt after the death of their mother. Carroll attended Pennsylvania Normal School in Millersville, and his first job was as a Breaker boy in a coal mine. Later he briefly studied medicine at Western Reserve University.

## Career

Carroll's first job as a newspaper reporter was at the Evening Chronicle in Pottsville, Pennsylvania, where he covered the Molly Maguires trials and witnessed the hanging of 17 defendants. In 1879 he joined the staff of the Missouri Republican in St. Louis, but in 1880 he became city editor for the Omaha Bee. In 1881 he returned to Missouri and took a job at the St. Joseph Gazette, where he befriended writer Eugene Field. Carroll moved to Texas in 1882.
In 1884 Carroll worked at the Cleveland Leader, then in 1887 he became editor and part owner of the Leader in Cheyenne, Wyoming. He became embroiled in the Wyoming range war, and after eight years in Wyoming he moved to Colorado to become managing editor at The Denver Post. He served as general manager of the Denver Times for six years. Then in 1903, Carroll moved to Portland and became editor of The Oregon Journal. After three years at the Journal, he became editor and publisher of the Evening Telegram, a job he would keep until his death in 1917. In 1914, Carroll became co-owner of the paper, after he and partners John E. Wheeler and L. R. Wheeler purchased it from The Oregonian Publishing Company, who had been his employer as the paper's editor until that time. He continued working as The Telegram's editor.

## Personal life

Carroll was a Democrat and was a Mason of the 32nd degree. In 1889 he married Florence Hurlbut in Denver, and the couple produced eight children. While in Denver, Carroll helped publish the work of poet Paul Laurence Dunbar.
# Parker vector

In mathematics, especially the field of group theory, the Parker vector is an integer vector that describes a permutation group in terms of the cycle structure of its elements, defined by Richard A. Parker.

## Definition

The Parker vector P of a permutation group G acting on a set of size n, is the vector whose kth component for k = 1, ..., n is given by:
    $P_{k}={\frac {k}{|G|}}\sum _{g\in G}c_{k}(g)$ where c$_k$(g) is the number of k-cycles in the cycle decomposition of g.

## Examples

For the group of even permutations on three elements, the Parker vector is (1,0,2). The group of all permutations on three elements has Parker vector (1,1,1). For any of the subgroups of the above with just two elements, the Parker vector is (2,1,0).The trivial subgroup has Parker vector (3,0,0).
# Presidential Council of Tax Justice

The Presidential Council of Tax Justice (CPGT) is the self-governing body of the Italian tax commissions.

## History

It was introduced by Legislative Decree 31 December 1992, n. 545, in analogy to the High Council of the Judiciary. Its composition was later modified by law 21 November 2000, n. 342, which added the members elected by Parliament in parallel with the provisions of the Constitution for the High Council of the Judiciary. In this way, an attempt was made to release the Presidency Council for tax justice from the Ministry of Economy and Finance, the department in which tax magistrates are incardinated who, moreover, unlike other special judges, are honorary magistrates.
The annual report on the progress of tax justice is presented to the Minister of Economy and Finance and not to the Head of State.

## Structure

Council of Tax Justice is established by decree of the President of the Republic, and is based in Rome, via Solferino 15.
It is composed of:
* eleven tax magistrates elected by and from among the members of the provincial and regional tax commissions;
* four members elected by the Parliament, two by the Chamber of Deputies and two by the Senate of the Republic with an absolute majority, from among university professors in legal matters or persons authorized to defend before tax commissions who have been registered in their respective professional registers for at least twelve years.
The presidential council remains in office for four years and elects from among its members the president (chosen from one of the members nominated by parliament) and two vice presidents .
The current Council of the Presidency of Tax Justice (decree of the President of the Republic 31/12/2013), Antonio Leone, took office on 18 September 2018, operates through the referring commissions and the plenum.
# John 1:36

John 1:36 is the 36th verse in the first chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible.

## Content

In the original Greek according to Westcott-Hort this verse is:
    καὶ ἐμβλέψας τῷ Ἰησοῦ περιπατοῦντι, λέγει, Ἴδε ὁ ἀμνὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ.
In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads:
    And looking upon Jesus as he walked, he saith, Behold the Lamb of God!
The New International Version translates the passage as:
    When he saw Jesus passing by, he said, "Look, the Lamb of God!"

## Analysis

Lapide expands this verse saying it was as if John said, “Behold Christ like a spotless Lamb, destined for a victim, that He may be offered to God upon the cross, for the sins of the whole world. Why do you follow me? follow Him who is the Lamb of God, the ransom of the world.” MacEvilly believes that Jesus was heading towards his home.

## Commentary from the Church Fathers

Theophylact of Ohrid: " Looking he saith, as if signifying by his looks his love and admiration for Christ."
Augustine: "John was the friend of the Bridegroom; he sought not his own glory, but bare witness to the truth. And therefore he wished not his disciples to remain with him, to the hindrance of their duty to follow the Lord; but rather showed them whom they should follow, saying, Behold the Lamb of God."
Chrysostom: "He makes not a long discourse, having only one object before him, to bring them and join them to Christ; knowing that they would not any further need his witness. . John does not however speak to his disciples alone, but publicly in the presence of all. And so, undertaking to follow Christ, through this instruction common to all, they remained thenceforth firm, following Christ for their own advantage, not as an act of favour to their masterx. John does not exhort: he simply gazes in admiration on Christ, pointing out the gifty He came to bestow, the cleansing from sin: and the mode in which this would be accomplished: both of which the word Lamb testifies to. Lamb has the article affixed to it, as a sign of preeminence."
Augustine: "For He alone and singly is the Lamb without spot, without sin; not because His spots are wiped off, but because He never had a spot. He alone is the Lamb of God, for by His blood alone can men be redeemed. . This is the Lamb whom the wolves fear; even the slain Lamb, by whom the lion was slain."
Bede: "The Lamb therefore he calls Him; for that He was about to give us freely His fleece, that we might make of it a wedding garment; i. e. would leave us an example of life, by which we should be warmed into love."
Alcuin: " John stands in a mystical sense, the Law having ceased, and Jesus comes, bringing the grace of the Gospel, to which that same Law bears testimony. Jesus walks, to collect disciples."
Bede: "The walking of Jesus has a reference to the economy of the Incarnation, by means of which He has condescended to come to us, and give us a pattern of life."
# Chimaericolidae

Chimaericolidae is a family of monogenean parasites. The family was named by Brinkmann in 1942.
Species of Chimaericolidae are parasites of chimaeras.

## Genera

According to the World Register of Marine Species, only two genera are included in the family:
* Callorhynchicola Brinkmann, 1952
* Chimaericola Brinkmann, 1942
# Henry Benn

Henry Omer Benn (January 25, 1890 – June 4, 1967), was a Major League Baseball player who played in one game for the Cleveland Naps in 1914. He was born in Viola, Wisconsin and died in Madison, Wisconsin.
# Sabrouko

Sabrouko is a commune in the Andemtenga Department of Kouritenga Province in the Centre-Est region of Burkina Faso. It had a population of 288 in 2006.

## Demographics

| Year | Population |
| 1985 | 609 |
| 1996 | 267 |
| 2006 | 288 |

### Neighbourhoods

| Neighbourhood | Population (2006) |
| Biharotin | 88 |
| Natenga | 111 |
| Wayalghin | 88 |
# Jackie McLean & Co.

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Jackie McLean & Co. is a studio album by saxophonist Jackie McLean. It was recorded and released in 1957 on Prestige. It was also reissued on New Jazz Records as NJ 8323. It features McLean in a quintet with trumpeter Bill Hardman, pianist Mal Waldron, bassist Doug Watkins and drummer Art Taylor. Tuba player Ray Draper appears on three tracks.

## Track listing

* "Flickers" (Waldron) - 6:59
* "Help" (Watkins) - 8:42
* "Minor Dream" (Draper) - 7:50
* "Beau Jack" (McLean) - 11:26
* "Mirage" (Waldron) - 9:50

## Personnel

* Jackie McLean - alto sax
* Bill Hardman - trumpet
* Ray Draper - tuba (tracks 1–3)
* Mal Waldron - piano
* Doug Watkins - bass
* Art Taylor - drums
# Chimaerochloa

Chimaerochloa is a genus of New Guinean plants in the grass family.
The genus name of Chimaerochloa is named after Chimera (mythology) as Linder noted; "the grass takes an the appearance of different genera, depending on which character set is investigated. Thus, it can be regarded as a grass that changes its appearance, a chimaera".
The genus was circumscribed by Hans Peter Linder in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. Vol.97 (Issue 3) on page 346 in 2010.

## Species

The only known species is Chimaerochloa archboldii.
# Ching

Ching may refer to:

## People

* Ching, a unisex given name
** Ching He Huang, a food writer and TV chef
** Ching Hammill (1902–1925), American football player
** Ching Johnson (1898–1979), Canadian National Hockey League player
** Willis Augustus Lee (1888–1945), World War II US Navy vice admiral nicknamed "Ching"
** Ching Lau Lauro, stage name of an English magician popularly known as Ching (flourished 1827–1840), true identity unknown
** Ching Shih (1775–1844), also known as Madame Ching, a notorious and highly successful Chinese pirate
* Ching (surname), a romanization of some Chinese surnames such as Jing, Qing, Cheng and Zhuang

## Other uses

* Ching (instrument), a Thai and Cambodian musical instrument
* "Ching" (song), a single from Swami's album Equalize (2007)
* Ching, a fictional 12-year-old Chinese swordswoman in the TV show Pucca
* Qing dynasty of Imperial China, romanized as "Ch'ing" in Wade–Giles
* River Ching, a tributary of the River Lea in north east London
# Ching-Lai Sheng

Dr Sheng Ching-lai or Sheng Qinglai (July 20, 1919 – June 23, 2018) was a Chinese-born Taiwanese electrical engineer, computer scientist, and philosopher. He served at the president of the National Chiao Tung University from 1972 to 1978.

## Career

In 1941, Sheng graduated from the National Chiao Tung University in Shanghai with a B.Sc. degree in mechanical engineering. From 1941 to 1945, he worked as a civil servant in the province of Sichuan, where the wartime capital Chongqing was situated.
After the war he studied at the University of Edinburgh. He earned a doctorate from the university in 1948. Through high career he taught at the National Taiwan University, the University of Ottawa, the University of Windsor, and the Tamkang University. He also served as the dean of the National Chiao Tung University College of Engineering. He also served as the president of the university from 1972 to 1978, where he planned the expansion of the campus.
Sheng wrote extensively on utilitarianism, and developed a "unified utilitarian theory", described as "a decision-theoretical model of value that approximates the moral mathematics of Jeremy Bentham."
Sheng died on June 23, 2018.
# Hermann von Stein

Hermann von Stein may refer to:
* Hermann von Stein (1854–1927), Prussian general of artillery and Prussian Minister of War
* Hermann Freiherr von Stein [de] (1859–1928), Bavarian General of the Artillery, see Battle of Caporetto
# Paroaria

Paroaria, the red-headed cardinals or cardinal-tanagers (as they are not close to the Cardinalidae), are a genus of tanagers. They were until recently placed in the family Emberizidae.
Five or six species are placed here. They are all very similar-looking birds, with heads resembling that of a northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis, a true member of the Cardinalidae), though they are somewhat more slender, in particular the rather tanager-like bill.
Their coloration is also typical; they are quite unlike any Cardinalidae, though they bear a passing resemblance to adult male rose-breasted grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus). Like these, they are white below and dark above (grey to blackish in the case of Paroaria). But unlike P. ludovicianus, they have no conspicuous pattern except for the head, which has large amounts of bright red; it may be predominantly so or patterned red-and-black. Almost all Paroaria have at least a short crest. The bill is yellowish below or in its entirety.

## Taxonomy and species list

The genus Paroaria was introduced in 1832 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte with the red-crested cardinal as the type species. The name is from Tiéguacú paroára, a name for a small yellow, red and grey bird in the extinct Tupi language.
The genus contains six species:
Genus Paroaria – Bonaparte, 1832 – six species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Red-crested cardinal Male Female | Paroaria coronata (Miller, JF, 1776) | Northern Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Brazil's Rio Grande do Sul and southern part of the Pantanal. Introduced to the Hawaiian Islands. | Size: Habitat: Diet: | LC |
| Red-cowled cardinal | Paroaria dominicana (Linnaeus, 1758) | Brazil. | Size: Habitat: Diet: | LC |
| Red-capped cardinal | Paroaria gularis (Linnaeus, 1766) Two subspecies P. g. gularis (Linnaeus, 1766) P. g. cervicalis Sclater, PL, 1862 | Guianas, Venezuela, eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, northern and eastern Bolivia and the Amazon basin in Brazil. | Size: Habitat: Diet: | LC |
| Masked cardinal | Paroaria nigrogenis (Lafresnaye, 1846) | Trinidad, far north-eastern Colombia and northern Venezuela | Size: Habitat: Diet: | LC |
| Crimson-fronted cardinal | Paroaria baeri Hellmayr, 1907 | Brazil | Size: Habitat: Diet: | LC |
| Yellow-billed cardinal | Paroaria capitata (d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837) | Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, Uruguay, and northern Argentina. Introduced to the Hawaiian islands. | Size: Habitat: Diet: | LC |