OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jiāng (surname 姜)

Jiang (Chinese: 姜, also romanized Gang, Geung, Gung, Chiang, Kang, Keung, Keong, Kiang) is one of the oldest Chinese surnames, being one of the original xing (姓) surnames. It was one of the "Eight Great Xings of High Antiquity" (上古八大姓), along with Jī (姬), Yáo (姚), Yíng (嬴), Sì (姒), Yún (妘), Guī (媯) and Rèn (妊), though some sources quote Jí (姞) as the last one instead of Rèn. Of these xing, only Jiang and Yao have survived in their original form to modern days as frequently occurring surnames. It is the 32nd surname listed in the Song dynasty-era Hundred Family Surnames poem. It is the 60th most common surname in China (2007), roughly 0.34% of the Han Chinese population. The Lu clan of Fanyang stem from this surname before taking on the Lu (盧) surname. Derivative surnames of Jiang include Zhang, Lü, Qiu, Shen., These originated:
* In the Qi (state), Jiang Ziya's descendants had the surname Jiang (姜)
* In the Qi (state), those with the surname Huan (桓) changed it to Jiang (姜)
* Chinese minority members of the population such as the Dong people, Tujia people, Yao people took the surname Jiang (姜)
* During the Yuan dynasty, Mongols were given the surname Jiang (姜)
* During the Qing dynasty, Russians, or the Eluosizu people, were given the surname Jiang (姜)
Additionally, it is the most common Hanja that represents the Korean surname Kang.

## Notable people named 姜

* Yan Emperor (炎帝), legendary ancient Chinese ruler in pre-dynastic era; also known as Shennong; the origin of surname Jiang; ancestral to Chinese culture and people; see Descendants of Yan and Huang (炎黄子孙); Shennong § Shennong in literature
* Jiang Ziya (姜子牙), strategist and noble of Zhou dynasty; descendant of Yan Emperor (11th century BC)
* Jiang Xiaobai (姜小白), Duke Huan of Qi (齐桓公); the head of state of the most prominent Hegemon Zhou dynasty in the Five Hegemons era (770–476 BC)
* Jiang Wei (姜维), general of the state of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period of China (220–280 AD)
* Jiang Gongfu (姜公辅), chancellor of the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD)
* Jiang Kui (姜夔), poet, composer, poetry theorist and calligrapher of the Song dynasty (960–1279 AD)
* Jiang Lifu (姜立夫), Chinese mathematician and educator widely regarded as the Father of modern Chinese mathematics
* Jiang Boju (姜伯驹), Chinese mathematician specializes in topology; expanded Nielsen theory; professor and the first president of School of Mathematical Sciences at Peking University
* Jiang Chunyun (姜春云), former Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China
* Jiang Yu (姜瑜), diplomat of the People's Republic of China
* Jiang Wen (姜文), actor and director (brother of Jiang Wu)
* Jiang Wu (姜武), actor (brother of Jiang Wen)
* Ted Chiang (姜峯楠), American science-fiction author
* David Chiang (姜大衛), Hong Kong actor and martial artist
* Chiang Chang-nien (姜昌年), a Hong Kong actor known by the stage name Paul Chun (秦沛) who is an older brother of another Hong Kong actor David Chiang
* Keung To (姜濤), a Hong Kong singer from boy group Mirror

## Derivative surnames

* Zha (surname) (查)
# Robert Henry Pulleine

Robert Henry Pulleine (7 June 1869 – 13 June 1935) was an Australian physician and naturalist, who was known internationally for his studies of Australian trapdoor spiders.
Pulleine was born in Picton, New Zealand and spent much of his childhood in Fiji. In 1881 his family moved to Adelaide in South Australia. He studied medicine in Adelaide, Sydney and, later, in Germany and Britain, eventually becoming an eye, ear, nose and throat specialist, setting up as a consultant in Adelaide. He married Ethel Constance Louise Cunningham Williams in 1899, with whom he had a son and four daughters.
Pulleine had a deep interest in natural history as well as in anthropology. He belonged to 18 learned societies and published numerous articles and scientific papers on medical, zoological, botanical and other topics. With arachnologist William Joseph Rainbow, he described several species of trapdoor spiders.
# Hoste

Hoste may refer to:

## Places

* Hoste, Galanta District, a village in the Trnava Region (Galanta District) of Slovakia
* Hoste, Moselle, a commune in the Moselle département of France
* Hoste (island), an island in the Magallanes y la Antártica Chilena Region of Chile

## People

* James Hoste (Castle Rising MP) (1633–1699), English politician
* James Hoste (Bramber MP) (1705–1744), English politician
* Paul Hoste (1652–1700), French Jesuit priest and naval tactician
* William Hoste (1780–1828), English officer in the Royal Navy
* George Charles Hoste (1786–1845), English officer in the British Army
* Richard Hoste, former pseudonym used by Richard Hanania

## Ships

* HMS Hoste, the name of more than one Royal Navy ship
* USS Hoste, the name of more than one United States Navy ship

## Terms

* Hueste, Portuguese designation of the medieval armies of the Iberian Peninsula
# Bamba, Gao Region

Bamba is a small town and rural commune in the Bourem Cercle of the Gao Region of Mali. The town is located on the left (north) bank of the Niger River, 190 km east of Timbuktu and 230 km northwest of the town of Gao. In the 2009 census the commune had a population of 28,524.
The commune of Bamba includes 19 villages and 7 nomadic population groups. The population are primarily Songhais but also Tuaregs and Bozos.
Ted Joans wrote a poem to "Le fou de Bamba" (The madman of Bamba).
On 6 April 2020, at least 20 soldiers were killed in an attack on a military base.
On 1 October 2023, Tuareg rebels seized control of the town.
# KD Laksamana Hang Nadim (F134)

KD Laksamana Hang Nadim (F134) is the lead ship of Laksamana-class corvette currently in service with the Royal Malaysian Navy. She are currently serving in the 24th corvette Squadron of the Royal Malaysian Navy. She is based on the Fincantieri Type 550 corvette design.

## Development

The Laksamana-class corvettes of the Royal Malaysian Navy are modified Assad-class corvettes built by Fincantieri, Italy. They were originally ordered by Iraqi Navy in February 1981. The corvettes were never delivered to Iraq and instead refitted and sold to Malaysia in mid 1990s.

## Service history

Laksamana Hang Nadim were originally ordered by the Iraqi Navy as Khalid Ibn Al Walid (F216). Her keel was laid down on 3 June 1982, launched on 5 July 1983 and she was completed in 1987. Upon her completion, Khalid Ibn Al Walid was laid up at Muggiano due to trade embargo during Iran–Iraq War that prevented her from being delivered to Iraq. She was finally released for delivery in 1990, but as Iraq was again embargoed following its invasion of Kuwait, the ship was kept laid up by Fincantieri. It was proposed that she would be requisitioned by Italian Navy or sold to either Morocco or Colombia.
Royal Malaysian Navy signed a contract with Fincantieri for Khalid Ibn Al Walid and her sister Saad Ibn Abi Wakkad on 26 October 1995. She and her sister were refitted at Muggiano and later arrived in Malaysia in September 1997. The ship was commissioned as KD Laksamana Hang Nadim on 28 July 1997. After served for a long time in Royal Malaysian Navy, it was confirmed that she and other sister ships will be upgrade to extend their service life.

## Citations

* ↑ "Malaysian Defence - Back To Future II".
* ↑ "RMN Official Page-Laksamana Class".
* ↑ "Laksamana Class Missile Corvette - Naval Technology". www.naval-technology.com.
* 1 2 3 Sharpe 1989, p. 282
* 1 2 3 Saunders 2009, p. 497
* ↑ Gardiner, Chumbley & Budzbon 1995, p. 188-189
* ↑ "Back in The Saddle Again".
# Jiří Vaněk

Jiří Vaněk may refer to:
* Jiří Vaněk (rower), Czechoslovak competitor
* Jiří Vaněk (tennis) (born 1978)
* Jiří Vaněk (scientist), described Bornholmaspis in 1983
# Arthur A. J. Marshman

Arthur Albert John Marshman FRIBA FRSA (19 February 1929 – 15 July 1997) was an English architect. He was a Fellow of both the Royal Institute of British Architects and the Royal Society of Arts.
Marshman was born in Northampton, the only son of Arthur (a sub-postmaster) and Evelyn Marshman (née Smith), both of Northampton. He was educated at Northampton Grammar School. He married twice and had four children. Marshman was founder of Marshman Warren Taylor architects. He died in Northampton.
Before beginning his professional life he completed his National Service in the Royal Air Force.

## Practice

According to English Heritage:
   A A J Marshman was a senior partner in Marshman, Warren and Taylor, a substantial regional practice specialising in commercial buildings, who built extensively outside London. They are best known for their work in Devon and Cornwall, which included the Chapter House at Truro Cathedral (1974) as well as large offices and housing association schemes.
Marshman also designed the sympathetic and award-winning vestry extension to the Church at Weston Favell, Northampton, which was described by Pevsner as "Excellent".

## Horton Rounds: the house on a circle

He is probably best known for the design of Horton Rounds, an unusual curved house on stilts incorporating the shapes of a comma and a full stop in the village of Horton, Northamptonshire. The house was built as a family home, and the family lived there until 1982.
The house has an unusual cantilevered balcony and cedar roof shingles. After being sold by the family, the house was for some years under the ownership of Roy Clarke the writer of Last of the Summer Wine.
Of the house, Pevsner says:
   "A striking house. The dominant features are the broad curving eaves of the shingled roofs and the taller circular service cores and chimney of local yellow stone. In plan the house is a comma, with a full stop linked by a bridge. The tail of the comma, open on the ground floor with bedrooms above, shelters a paved garden. The broad end has service rooms and entrances below and a circular living area above which has views in all directions".
In August 2012 English Heritage designated the house as Grade II listed. In the designation it was stated that "Along with Peter Lambert Gibbs's own house of 1965, Fernhill in Ashdown Forest, and Robert Harvey's houses in Warwickshire, Horton Rounds is one of the best in the country of a small group of post-war houses clearly influenced by the work of Frank Lloyd Wright."

## Examples of Marshman's work

* "Cheese house", Horton, Northamptonshire
* St Peter's vestry – Weston Favell

## The Marshman family

The Marshman family originated in Wiltshire and moved to Northamptonshire in the 18th century. Other members of the Marshman family include:
* Hannah Marshman
* John Clark Marshman
* Joshua Marshman

## External sources

* English Heritage Listing
# Ordered to Die

Ordered to Die: a history of the Ottoman army in the First World War is an account of the Ottoman Empire's military engagements in World War I (specifically the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I), fought between the Allies (led by Britain and Russia) and the Central Powers. It was written by Edward J. Erickson. It was divided into seven sections beginning prewar military issues.

## Synopsis

Erickson relies heavily on non-published official histories that were not open to non-Turkish historian in the Ottoman Archives until the late 1980s and Turkish general staff archives, which have very limited access as of 2008. He also uses a limited number of Ottoman Turkish documents. Erickson's book is mostly on the strategic and operational level of the Ottoman Army. The book describes the tactics, social issues and the humanitarian dimensions of the Ottoman Army's engagements.
Ordered to die presents sets of data on subjects such as the Ottoman army organisation, the structure of the General Staff and headquarters, German military assistance and Ottoman casualty figures.
The overall conclusion is that the Ottoman army’s record in World War I was an astounding achievement. The book says it was a "saga of fortitude and resilience".

## Critical reviews

Erik-Jan Zürcher argues that Ordered to die is nicely presented, with useful tables and a number of photographs, but he concludes that Ordered to die is a book with a clear but limited purpose. He states that the book presents a purely military history of the Ottoman war effort in the English language, where histories of this type have so far only been available in French or Turkish.
# Robert H. MacQuarrie

Robert Hector MacQuarrie (January 10, 1935 – October 20, 2021) was a politician and teacher from Northwest Territories, Canada.

## Political career

MacQuarrie was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Northwest Territories in the 1979 Northwest Territories general election. He served as Speaker of the Legislative Assembly for one year. He resigned from his post as speaker because he wanted to participate in debates in the Legislature.
MacQuarrie was re-elected in Yellowknife Centre in the 1983 Northwest Territories general election. As chairman of the Special Committee on Unity, and later as vice-chairman of the Western Constitutional Forum, he played a significant role in the division of the Northwest Territories.
# Asrangue Souleymane

Asrangue Souleymane (born 1982 in Bangui) is a former college basketball power forward with the University of New Orleans Privateers. Souleymane began his career with the Cincinnati Bearcats. He is from the Central African Republic and played with his national team at the FIBA Africa Championship 2005 and 2007.
# Bejean

Bejean (ビージーン, Bijin) is a Japanese monthly men's magazine which originally started publication under the name Beppin (ベッピン, Beppin). It has been described as "probably the best selling men's magazine" in Japan and was called by J-List "One of the cornerstones of Japanese AV magazines." As with its sister publication Video Boy, the magazine specializes in nude photo sets of present and aspiring Japanese AV idols.
Its distinguishing feature was a "centerfold", a 29x89 cm double-sided "Body Poster", displaying a full frontal nude from the head to the thighs. The reverse was a view of the nude backside from the head to heels, the model turned about 45 degrees. No clothing, shoes, jewelry, props or sets were used in the poster and the typical background was flat blue.
The magazine began appearing in July 1984 as Beppin. The last issue of Beppin was the 15 December issue of 1994, Volume #131 (it was bi-monthly, on the 1st and the 15th, in the last six months of publication). It was reborn as Bejeans in the 15 February issue of 1995, Volume #1. The name was shortened to Bejean in the 15 March 1996, Volume #24. It published bi-monthly until 1997 when it became a monthly.
Beppin in Japanese means "beautiful woman" and Bejean is a play on the Japanese word "bijin" (美人) which has the same meaning with an additional connotation of "hot girl."
Bejean and Video Boy had both been published by Eichi Publishing (英知出版, Eichi Shuppan) but declining revenues forced Eichi and its parent company to close operations in late March 2007, declaring bankruptcy with debts of 2.32 billion yen (about US$20 million). Publication of Bejean, Video Boy and other monthly magazines had been transferred from Eichi in May 2006 so the magazines survived the collapse of that company and are both now published by the GOT Corporation (株式会社ジーオーティー, Kabushikigaisha Jīōtī) located in Ebisu, Tokyo near Japan's largest porn company, the Hokuto Corporation.
The magazine also has a website, Bejean On Line (ビージーンオンライン), online since January 2001, which features nude and "gravure" (non-nude) pictorial sets and a catalog of back copies of the magazine reaching back to 2002 at Bejean On Line Back Number.
# Banagas

Banagas (formally the Bahrain National Gas Company) is a Bahraini gas company, headquartered in Bahrain's Southern Governorate. Banagas operates LPG plant facilities which recover propane, butane and naphtha from the Bahrain Oil Field's associated gas and refinery off-gas. Some 94% of the total workforce are Bahrain nationals. 75% of the company's shares are owned by the Government of Bahrain, with the remaining shares owned by Boubyan Petrochemical Company of Kuwait and Chevron Corporation's Bahrain subsidiary, Chevron Bahrain.

## History

The company was founded in 1979 by Shaikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa with the objective of utilizing Bahrain's gas resources, by processing associated gas and refinery off-gas into marketable products. The entire US$100 million project included the construction of four gas compressor stations, a processing plant to recover propane, butane and naphtha, and a storage area at Sitra. In 1980 the first ship to transport gas was the Japanese tanker Yuyo Maru which was loaded with 5,000 tonnes of butane. In 1988 the total capacity of the plant was upgraded from 170 (48.1×105m³) million cubic feet/day to 280 million cubic feet/day (79.3×105m³).

## Current operations

Banagas compresses associated gas and refinery off-gas at its compressor stations before being sent to its central gas plant. After processing the treated products are routed to tanks and analyzed then pumped via a pipeline to refrigerated storage tanks at Sitra. Currently, the company has the capacity to produce 3000 bbls of Propane, 3200 bbls of Butane and 4500 bbls of Naphtha per day. In addition to exporting its products, Banagas uses residue gas as fuel for its own furnaces and gas turbines, while the rest is supplied to Aluminium Bahrain, Riffa Power Station, and the Bapco Refinery.
# Russo-American Treaty of 1824

The Russo-American Treaty of 1824 (also known as the Convention of 1824) was signed in St. Petersburg between representatives of Russia and the United States on April 17, 1824, ratified by both nations on January 11, 1825 and went into effect on January 12, 1825. The accord contained six articles. It gave Russian claims on the Pacific Northwest coast of North America south of parallel 54°40′ north (over what Americans had known as the Oregon Country) to the United States.
The Anglo-Russian Treaty of 1825 between Russia and Great Britain then fixed the Russian Tsar's southernmost boundary of Alaska at the line of 54°40′N, the present southern tip of the Alaska Panhandle, but Russian rights to trade in the area south of that Iatitude remained. The Oregon dispute between the United States and Britain over jurisdiction in the region was already underway as a result of the Adams–Onís Treaty between the U.S. and Spain over the latter's former claims north of the 42nd Parallel (today's Oregon-California boundary).
The 1824 treaty was signed by Karl Nesselrode (mentioned in the treaty as "Charles de Nesselrode", Russia's then foreign minister), Henry Middleton representing the U.S., and Pyotr Ivanovich Poletika (mentioned in the document as "Pierre de Poletica") representing the Russian Empire.
# Superior Engines & Compressors

Superior Engines is a brand of industrial combustion engines that has a history which stretches back to 1889 when Patrick J Shouvlin opened a small industrial engineering shop in Springfield, Ohio. In an effort to capitalize on the growing need for oil pumping engines, P. J. Shouvlin developed and sold his first gas engine for oilfield pumping applications. Twenty-five years later, the Superior Gas Engine Company was selling a line of engines which ranged from 20 to 100 horsepower (75 kW).
Throughout the 1920s the company employed a staff of roughly 500 individuals and was said to be the largest singly owned company in the world according to the Clark County Historical Society.
In the early 1960s a line of Superior compressors specifically designed to operate with Superior gas engines was manufactured. In addition, these Superior compressors could also be operated with a turbine or motor-driven. Throughout the 1960s, refinements to existing engine and compressor lines continued. As part of these enhancements, twelve- and sixteen-cylinder V-engines were developed. These engines ranged from 400-2,650 horsepower and could be used for powering compressors, generators, blowers or pumps. Cooper Machinery Services is the current original equipment manufacturer for Superior engines and compressors.
# Rexel Fabriga

Rexel Ryan Fabriga is a competitive diver. He was born on October 2, 1985, in Zamboanga, Philippines, where he grew up.

## Career

Coached by Chinese diving guru Zhang Dehu, Ryan first made his mark in the international diving scene when he was a surprise finalist, finishing 5th in the Men's 10m platform event of the FINA Diving Grand Prix event held in Texas, US. This event had Olympic finalists and World medalists in the start order. He went on a roll and won 2 gold medals in the 2003 Southeast Asian Games held in Vietnam which made him the first Filipino diver to bring home gold medals in a major international event. In the 2005 Southeast Asian Games, he won the gold in synchronized 10m platform together with Kevin Kong and a silver in 10m individual platform. He again defended the 10m synchronized platform gold for the 3rd time with Jaime Asok in the 2007 Southeast Asian Games held in Thailand while settling for another silver for the Philippines in the 10m individual platform event.
Ryan qualified for the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympic Games and ranked 28th in the Men's Individual 10meter platform event.
In 2009, he competed in the 2009 Southeast Asian Games in Laos and took home a silver medal in the synchronized platform and a bronze medal in the synchronized platform event. Ryan was primed to compete in the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou, China but had to withdraw due to an injury sustained during a vehicular accident on their way to the Aquatics Center. After assessing his injuries and his preparations for a run at qualifying for the 2012 London Olympics, he soon semi-announced his retirement from active competition.
# Lasa eta Zabala

Lasa eta Zabala is a 2014 Spanish film directed by Pablo Malo regarding the killing of Lasa and Zabala.

## Plot

The film depicts the kidnapping, torture and murder of Lasa and Zabala.
# Orwood Tract

The Orwood Tract is an island in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta. It is part of Contra Costa County, California. It, along with Palm Tract to the north, are managed by Reclamation District 2024 (Orwood and Palm Tracts). Its coordinates are 37°55′42″N 121°35′00″W﻿ / ﻿37.92833°N 121.58333°W﻿ / 37.92833; -121.58333﻿ (Orwood Tract), and the United States Geological Survey measured its elevation as 13 ft (4.0 m) in 1981. It appears on 1913 and 1952 United States Geological Survey maps of the area.
# Ashizuri

Ashizuri may refer to:
* Ashizuri (train), a train service in Japan
* 4399 Ashizuri, a main-belt asteroid
* Ashizuri-Uwakai National Park, a national park at the southwestern tip of the island of Shikoku, Japan
* Ashizuri-class combat support ship, a class of Imperial Japanese Navy support ships of World War II
* Cape Ashizuri, the southernmost point of the island of Shikoku, Japan
# Begumabad Budhana

Begumabad Budhana is a census town in Ghaziabad district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Begumabad Budhana had a population of 16,248. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Begumabad Budhana has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 62% of the males and 38% of females literate. 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.
# Joseph Palmer

Joseph or Joe Palmer may refer to:
* Joe Palmer (football manager) (c. 1890–?), British football manager
* Joe Palmer (politician), Republican Idaho State Representative
* Joseph Palmer (American Revolutionary War general) (1716–1788)
* Joseph Palmer (communard) (1791–1874), American Transcendentalist, member of the Fruitlands commune
* Joseph Palmer II (1914–1994), American foreign service officer and ambassador
* Joseph B. Palmer (1825–1890), American lawyer, legislator, and Confederate general in the American Civil War
* Joseph Palmer (priest) (1749–1829), Irish Anglican priest
* Joseph Palmer (writer) (1756–1815), English writer