OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joint stiffness

Joint stiffness may be either the symptom of pain on moving a joint, the symptom of loss of range of motion or the physical sign of reduced range of motion.
* Pain on movement is commonly caused by osteoarthritis, often in quite minor degrees, and other forms of arthritis. It may also be caused by injury or overuse and rarely by more complex causes of pain such as infection or neoplasm. The range of motion may be normal or limited by pain. "Morning stiffness" pain which eases up after the joint has been used, is characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis.
* Loss of motion (symptom): the patient notices that the joint (or many joints) do not move as far as they used to or need to. Loss of motion is a feature of more advanced stages of arthritis including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.
* Loss of range of motion (sign): the examining medical professional notes that the range of motion of the joint is less than normal. Routine examination by an orthopaedic surgeon or rheumatologist will often pay particular attention to this. The range of motion may be measured and compared to the other side and to normal ranges. This sign is associated with the same causes as the symptom. The loss of range of motion in the joint may be due to a contracture. In extreme cases when the joint does not move at all it is said to be ankylosed.
# John Wyse Power

John Wyse Power (1859-1926), was a County Waterford born, journalist, newspaper editor and Irish nationalist. He was founding member of the Gaelic Athletic Association, and served as secretary of the GAA (1884-1887). He was involved in setting up the Dublin County Board of the GAA and served as its first chairman. He supported nationalist causes and organisations such as the Land League and Home Rule, and was a fluent Irish speaker and language activist.[citation needed]

## Early life and career

John Wyse Power was born at Knockhouse near Waterford City in 1859.
He worked sometime as a civil servant before leaving due to his nationalist ethos. He was reported to be a Fenian and member of the Irish Republican Brotherhood.
He succeeded Patrick Cahill in summer 1883, as the editor of the Leinster Leader.
In 1884 he answered the call of Micheal Cusack and participated in the founding of the GAA and was one of the seven to attend the meeting in Thurles founding the organisation. He resigned as secretary in 1887 following the decision to ban members of the RIC from joining and participating in the GAA.

## Personal life

During his time in the Land League he met his wife Jane (Jennie) O'Toole (a nationalist, feminist and founding member of Sinn Féin) and they married on 5 July 1883, and lived in Naas where the Leinster Leader was published. John and Jennie had four children, their youngest son was christened Charles Stewart Wyse Power, named after Parnell. Nancy and Máire worked with their parents as nationalists and both became celticists, with Nancy becoming one of Ireland's first senior women in the civil service.
He moved to Dublin in 1885 to work for the Freeman's Journal, and later he worked for the Daily Irish Independent.
John Wyse Power died in 1926 and is buried in Glasnevin Cemetery. In 2009 as part of the GAA 125 celebrations his gravestone was refurbished.
# Robert Turnbull

Robert Turnbull may refer to:
* Bob Turnbull (1894–1946), Scottish footballer
* Bobby Turnbull (1895–1952), English footballer
* Robert Turnbull (American politician) (1850–1920), U.S. Representative from Virginia
* Robert Turnbull (Australian politician) (c. 1819–1872), member of the Victorian Legislative Council
* Robert Turnbull (railway manager) (1852–1925), general manager and director of the LNWR
* Robert James Turnbull (1775–1833), South Carolina planter and nullification advocate
# Robert Turkington

Robert Wilkinson "Paddy" Turkington, DSO, DFC & Bar (1920 – 29 July 1945) was a Northern Irish Second World War Royal Air Force (RAF) fighter pilot and flying ace. He had 9 confirmed kills, 3 shared kills, 1 probable kill, and 4 damaged aircraft; some sources credit him with 11 kills.

## Early life and education

Turkington was born in 1920 in Mhow, British Raj or in Derrytrasna, County Armagh, Northern Ireland. Between 1933 and 1939, he was educated at Lurgan College, a grammar school in Craigavon, County Armagh.

## Military service

Turkington enlisted in the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAFVR) in 1940, and trained as a pilot in Canada. On 1 October 1942, he was promoted from pilot officer (on probation) to the war substantive rank of flying officer (on probation). He was promoted to war substantive squadron leader on 7 January 1944.
Turkington first served with No. 43 Squadron RAF, and flew a Hawker Hurricane with them on the Dieppe Raid of 19 August 1942. By November 1942, he was fighting over North Africa. He converted to the Supermarine Spitfire in 1943, and was involved in fighting over Sicily and Italy. By November 1943, he was a fighter ace, with at least 5 confirmed kills. He flew a total of 766 operational hours with 43 Squadron. He was then a flight commander in No. 241 Squadron RAF, during which he destroyed four Messerschmitt Bf 109s. From July 1944 to January 1945, he was officer commanding No. 601 Squadron RAF. Following Victory in Europe, he was based in Italy with No. 241 Squadron RAF.
In January 1944, he was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC). In September 1944, he was awarded a bar to his DFC (i.e. awarded the medal for the second time). In April 1945, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO). He also received the 1939–1945 Star, Africa Star with "North Africa 1942-43" clasp, Italy Star, Defence Medal and War Medal 1939–1945. His medals sold in 2017 for £22,000.
Having been killed in a flying accident on 29 July 1945, he is buried in the Padua War Cemetery, Italy.
# Robert Read (cricketer)

Robert Read (1870 – 15 February 1945) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played in two first-class matches for Wellington from 1899 to 1901.
# Hybomitra atrobasis

Hybomitra atrobasis is a species of horse flies in the family Tabanidae.

## Distribution

Canada, United States
# Hallaxa elongata

Hallaxa elongata is a species of sea slug or dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Actinocyclidae.
# Ralla

Ralla may refer to:

## Places

* North Liverpool Extension Line (known locally as the Ralla)
* Ralla, Punjab, a village in Mansa district, Punjab
* Rälla, a locality in Kalmar County, Sweden
# Kayapınar, İnegöl

Kayapınar is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of İnegöl, Bursa Province in Turkey. Its population is 358 (2022).
# Chaetostoma lepturum

Chaetostoma lepturum is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the San Juan River basin in Colombia. The species reaches 21.5 cm (8.5 inches) SL.
# RAF High G Training and Test Facility

The RAF High G Training and Test Facility was opened on 4 February 2019 at RAF College Cranwell to provide high-G training to Royal Air Force and Royal Navy fast jet pilots.
The facility was created by Thales UK in collaboration with the RAF.

## Capabilities

The 39 tonne Human Training Centrifuge can accelerate up to 9G in one second, rotating up to 34 times a minute at speeds of 55mph.

## Usage

The simulator can be used by fast jet pilots to practice G-straining under the supervision of medical personnel. The system contains a flight simulator that allows the pilot to "fly" and apply the G-forces as they would in a real aircraft. This is aided by its ability to simulate pitch and roll. The cockpit can be configured to match a Hawk T2, Typhoon or F35B Lightning.
Pilots are expected to receive training on the simulator at least once every 5 years.
# Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes, Manitoba

Notre Dame de Lourdes is an unincorporated community recognized as a local urban district in the Municipality of Lorne within the Canadian province of Manitoba that held village status prior to January 1, 2015. It is located within the Central Plains Region, 100 km southwest of Winnipeg. The community had a population of 683 inhabitants in the 2011 census, an increase of 16.0% from the 589 inhabitants during the 2006 census.
The community's name (English: Our Lady of Lourdes) is a reference to the Marian apparition that is said to have appeared before Saint Bernadette in Lourdes, France.

## History

The site of Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes lies in Ojibwa country. Canadian pioneer explorer Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de la Vérendrye traveled through the area in 1738 while seeking to establish a route to the western oceans.
The first settlers, from present-day Quebec, arrived in the 1880s. The post office was established in 1892 on 36-6-9W. Father Dom Benoît became the parish's first priest after arriving with French and Swiss immigrants. He also established a seminary of the Canons Regulaires with about 30 students but changes to the rules from Rome caused its dissolution.
A CNR railway point was established in 1912.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Notre Dame de Lourdes had a population of 756 living in 287 of its 296 total private dwellings, a change of 1.6% from its 2016 population of 744. With a land area of 2.83 km$^2$ (1.09 sq mi), it had a population density of 267.1/km$^2$ (691.9/sq mi) in 2021.

## Notable people

* Rhayne Vermette, filmmaker
# Northop Hall Country House Hotel

Northop Hall Country House Hotel (Formerly Known as Brook Park) is country house, now run as a hotel in Flintshire, just south of Northop Hall, northeastern Wales. The estate is set in 9 acres with a tree-lined driveway. It was originally occupied by the Watkinson Family, a Yorkshire Mining and Landowning Family, originally from Lightcliffe.
John Watkinson, the Original Owner of the house, came to the Manor from Lightcliffe, West Yorkshire, to manage the Family's Welsh mining interests.
After his death, it passed down to his daughter Marian Kershaw Nee Watkinson. who died in 1912, and the House was inhabited by Herbert Kershaw, a Relative and Barrister, who moved to the house to take care of his Nieces and Nephew, After Herbert Died in 1949, the House was Passed to his Nephew Arthur, who had by this time moved to Australia to play Cricket, had the contents of the house moved to New South Wales, and eventually sold the property in the 1950s.
In the 1960s the house had been transformed into the Checkpoint Country Club, being a very fashionable venue until the late 1970s, when it became the Chequers Hotel, and finally Northop Hall Country House Hotel by the 1990s.
The country house was built in 1872. The interior is elegant, with an original Canadian pine staircase, 38 bedrooms, and two conference style rooms, including the Gallery and Library Rooms.
In 2020, during the Covid-19 pandemic, the hotel was left derelict.
The hotel was purchased by Paymán Holdings 3 Ltd director Na'ím Anís Paymán in 2022. A planning application was submitted to house 400 asylum seekers on the site. Flintshire County Council rejected the application in September 2023.
It now operates as a standard country hotel.
# Islamic tradition

The term Islamic tradition may refer to:
* Islamic Traditionalist theology, Islamic scholarly movement, originating in the late 8th century CE
* Ahl al-Hadith, "The adherents of the tradition"
* Traditional Islamic schools and branches
* Islamic mythology, the body of traditional narratives associated with Islam
* Islamic philosophy, a development in philosophy that is characterised by coming from an Islamic tradition
# Titan yellow

Titan yellow is a compound with formula C$_{28}$H$_{19}$N$_5$Na$_2$O$_6$S$_4$. It is a triazene dye used as a stain and fluorescent indicator in microscopy. It is also used for the colorimetric indication of various compounds and is an acid-base indicator. As an acid-base indicator, it changes color from yellow to red between pH 12 and pH 13.
# Gregg Kaplan

Gregg Kaplan is an American business executive.
He is the founder and former Chief Executive Officer of Redbox, the founder of Modjule LLC, and the former President and COO of Coinstar. He has also worked for McDonald's Corporation, Streamline.com, and is now an Operating Partner with Pritzker Group Private Capital.

## Early life

Kaplan graduated from the University of Michigan with a BA in Philosophy, and is also an alumnus of Pi Kappa Phi fraternity. He later earned an MBA from Harvard Business School.

## Business career

Kaplan began his career as an investment banker in New York City after his graduation from the University of Michigan, and worked in the industry for three years at Furman Selz. After his MBA, he worked for Streamline.com as Director of Interactive Marketing between 1996 and 1999.
From 1999 to 2001, he was then a partner at Divine interVentures. Kaplan then joined McDonald's as a strategy and development executive, and it is while he was at McDonald's that Kaplan founded Redbox.
In 2002, Kaplan started Redbox, testing a variety of different product kiosks, including DVD rental, in a handful of McDonald's restaurants and other miscellaneous locations in Washington DC. In 2003 he shut down all the other kiosk tests and focused redbox exclusively on DVD rentals. Kaplan ran the company from its infancy as an incubated enterprise at McDonald's, and served as the company's CEO beginning in 2005 when it became a separate entity after Coinstar invested $32 million to own 47% of the enterprise. He held the CEO position until 2009, when Coinstar acquired the remaining equity in Redbox from McDonald's and from the Redbox employees. In this time the company grew from a small number of kiosks to 14,000. Kaplan then served as the president and COO of Coinstar, the parent company of Redbox, after the acquisition of Redbox He served in this position until 2013, over which time the Coinstar and Redbox businesses increased from $1 billion to $2.2 billion in revenue. During that time, Redbox grew to 42,000 kiosk locations.
Following his time at Coinstar, he co-founded Modjule LLC, a private investment firm focused on kiosks and small footprint retail. He also sat on the boards of Chicagoland Entrepreneurial Center, Enova, In Context Solutions, and Network for Teaching Entrepreneurship. In 2015 Kaplan became a partner with Pritzker Group Private Capital, serving as Operating Partner of the firm's Services team.
He took over as CEO of Dentologie in June 2022.

## Personal life

In 2009 Kaplan was named one of Crain's Chicago Business's "40 under 40”. He lost his first wife, Felicia Kaplan, to breast cancer in 2012, and remarried in 2015 to Lindsay Avner, founder and CEO of Bright Pink, a breast and ovarian cancer non-profit In 2016, Kaplan and Avner launched the website ExploreYourGenetics.org, to help educate women about the use of genetic testing to prevent breast and ovarian cancer.
# Grihiri

Grihiri is a town in south-western Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Sassandra Department in Gbôklé Region, Bas-Sassandra District.
Grihiri was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1126 communes nationwide that were abolished.
In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Grihiri was 37,852.

## Villages

The 6 villages of the sub-prefecture of Grihiri and their population in 2014 are:
* Boutoubré 1 (4 736)
* Boutoubré 2 (5 558)
* Grihiri (13 218)
* Kouaté (5 760)
* Louhiri (2 557)
* Zahebre (6 023)
# Novo Horizonte, Santa Catarina

Novo Horizonte (portuguese for "New Horizon") is a Brazilian municipality in the west of the state of Santa Catarina. It is situated on a latitude of 26° 26' 40" South, and a longitude of 52° 50' 01" East, at an altitude of 710 metres. It was created in 1992 out of the existing municipality of São Lourenço do Oeste. The population was estimated at 2,404 inhabitants in 2020. The municipality covers 151 km$^2$.

## Neighbouring towns

Novo Horizonte is bordered by the following municipalities:
* São Lourenço do Oeste
* Jupiá
* Galvão
* Coronel Martins
* Santiago do Sul
* Formosa do Sul
# Timok Rebellion

The Timok Rebellion (Serbian Cyrillic: Тимочка буна, romanized: Timočka buna) was a popular uprising that began in eastern Serbia (now the region of the Timok Valley) on 28 September 1883, led by the People's Radical Party. It has been called the most important event in Serbia between independence (1878) and the First Balkan War (1912). The first battle occurred at Lukovo on 21 October, when the rebels defeated Royal Serbian Army forces sent to suppress them.
According to the Radical politician Pera Todorović, at a planning meeting of the Radicals' Executive Committee before the rising, one member suggested killing all bureaucrats. In the words of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, the rebels were motivated by "such vestiges of feudalism as payment in labor and bondage imposed for the nonpayment of debts, as well as an unbearable tax burden, bureaucratic tyranny, and the growing power of commercial and usurious capital." Among their demands were a reduction in taxes, greater local self-government and the maintenance of the militia. On 2 November, peasants across the region refused to hand over their weapons to military units unless they were given modern replacements. It took the reformed Royal Army only a couple of weeks to crush the poorly organised rebellion, which at its height had controlled almost half the country and had threatened the line between Belgrade and Niš. At the start of the rebellion, King Milan I was afraid that the soldiers would not "be willing to fire into the flesh of their own people", but his decision to pay officers double what top bureaucrats earned and to give bonus pay to soldiers who fought the rebels proved his fears ungrounded. The consul of Austria-Hungary in Belgrade noted that "a new page was written in the history of the Serbian people when the army launched its first shell at the rebels."
After the rebellion, many Radical leaders, including Nikola Pašić, fled abroad. Of the participants who remained, 809 were put on trial. Of these, 567 were sentenced to forced labour, 68 to prison, 5 to detention and 75 were released. The remaining 94 were sentenced to death: twenty were executed right away, one committed suicide, ten escaped and fled abroad and 63 were eventually pardoned.
# Timofte

Timofte is a Romanian surname. Notable persons with this name include:
* Daniel Timofte (born 1967), retired Romanian football midfielder and currently a manager
* Ion Timofte (born 1967), Romanian retired footballer
* Radu Timofte (1949–2009), Romanian soldier, politician and spy chief
# Grethe Andersen

Grethe Andersen (born 8 March 1966) is a Norwegian politician for the Progress Party.
In the 2017 election she was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Nordland. Hailing from Meløy Municipality, she made her local breakthrough as board member of Nordland Progress Party in 2010.
# Nugguren

Nugguren is a lake in the municipality of Kongsvinger in Innlandet county, Norway. The 4.15-square-kilometre (1.60 sq mi) lake lies about 2.3 kilometres (1.4 mi) east of the village of Brandval. The lake flows out into a very short channel before emptying into the river Glomma.
# It's Gonna Be Alright (Ruby Turner song)

"It's Gonna Be Alright" is a song written and performed by Jamaican contemporary R&B singer Ruby Turner, issued as the lead single from her third studio album Paradise. It contains a sample of "Keep On Movin'" by Soul II Soul. The song reached #1 on the Billboard R&B chart on February 17, 1990.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (1990) | Peak position |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 39 |
| US Dance Club Songs (Billboard) | 5 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 1 |
UK: 57

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1990) | Position |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 55 |

## Cover versions

* In 1991, the song was covered by Dutch entertainer Daisy Dee on her eponymous debut album.
# It's a Beautiful Life

"It's a Beautiful Life" may refer to:

## Film and TV

* "It's a Beautiful Life", with Yūta Hiraoka
* "It's a Beautiful Life", episode of Total Divas (season 4)

## Music
### Albums

* It's a Beautiful Life (album), Freebass 2010
* It's a Beautiful Life, album by Mark Spiro 2012

### Songs

* "It's a Beautiful Life", chorus of "Beautiful Life" (Ace of Base song)
* "It's a Beautiful Life", single by band The Mighty Wallop!, covered by 10,000 Maniacs on Music from the Motion Picture
* "It's a Beautiful Life", single by Joel Feeney from Joel Feeney and the Western Front
* "It's a Beautiful Life", single by Don McLean from Chain Lightning, Dominion and Greatest Hits – Live
* "It's a Beautiful Life", single by Kenny Rogers from Back to the Well, single charted at 23 in Canada
* "It's a Beautiful Life", song by Jpop vocalist Hironobu Kageyama from Super Survivor
* "It's a Beautiful Life", song by Shila Amzah from album 3 Suara, Shila Amzah discography
* "It's a Beautiful Life", song by dobro player Jerry Douglas written Ehm and Thorny from Slide Rule 1992
# Todd Miller (journalist)

Todd Miller is a journalist based in Tucson, Arizona. He is most notably the author of Storming the Wall: Climate Change, Migration, and Homeland Security (2017).

## Biography

For over a decade and a half, Miller has written about border and immigration issues between the United States and Mexico. He is a contributing editor on the NACLA Report on the Americas’ blog "Border Wars", and his work has also appeared in such places as the New York Times, The Nation, Guernica, and Common Dreams.
Miller lives in Tucson, Arizona. Miller has worked for both Borderlinks in Arizona and Witness for Peace in Oaxaca, Mexico, researching and assisting in resolving immigration issues.
His first book, Border Patrol Nation: Dispatches from the Front Lines of Homeland Security was published in 2014. His second book Storming the Wall: Climate Change, Migration, and Homeland Security was published in 2017 and covers the interrelated nature of human migration, climate change, corporate investment in border militarization, and sustainability and environmental justice movements. His third book Empire of Borders: The Expansion of the U.S. Border Around the World was published in 2019 and traces the externalization of the U.S. border apparatus abroad. His fourth book Build Bridges, Not Walls: A Journey to a World Without Borders is a meditation and reflection on his other work that attempts to imagine a new world without border enforcement.
He currently writes for The Border Chronicle with fellow border journalist Melissa del Bosque.
# Number sentence

In mathematics education, a number sentence is an equation or inequality expressed using numbers and mathematical symbols. The term is used in primary level mathematics teaching in the US, Canada, UK, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.

## Usage

The term is used as means of asking students to write down equations using simple mathematical symbols (numerals, the four main basic mathematical operators, equality symbol). Sometimes boxes or shapes are used to indicate unknown values. As such, number sentences are used to introduce students to notions of structure and elementary algebra prior to a more formal treatment of these concepts.
A number sentence without unknowns is equivalent to a logical proposition expressed using the notation of arithmetic.

## Examples

* A valid number sentence that is true: 83 + 19 = 102.
* A valid number sentence that is false: 1 + 1 = 3.
* A valid number sentence using a 'less than' symbol: 3 + 6 < 10.
* A valid number sentence using a 'more than' symbol: 3 + 9 > 11.
* An example from a lesson plan:
   Some students will use a direct computational approach. They will carry out the addition 26 + 39 = 65, put 65 = 26 + $\Box$, and then find that $\Box$ = 39.