# Plagiorhynchidae

Plagiorhynchidae is a family of parasitic Acanthocephalan worms.

## Species

Genera in Plagiorhynchidae are divided into three subfamilies: Plagiorhynchinae, Porrorchinae, and Sphaerechinorhynchinae.

### Plagiorhynchinae Meyer, 1931
#### Paralueheia

ParalueheiaSaxena & Gupta, 2008 contains only one species, Paralueheia guptai Saxena & Gupta, 2008

#### Plagiorhynchus

Species in Plagiorhynchus Lühe, 1911 are divided into two subgenera: Plagiorhynchus and Prosthorhynchus.
* Plagiorhynchus allisonae Smales, 2002
* Plagiorhynchus aznari
P. aznari was found infesting a long-billed curlew (Numenius americanus) from northern Mexico.
* Plagiorhynchus charadrii Yamaguti, 1939)
* Plagiorhynchus charadriicola Dollfus, 1953)
* Plagiorhynchus crassicollis Villot, 1875)
* Plagiorhynchus freitasi Vicente, 1977
* Plagiorhynchus karachiensis Muti-ur-Rahman, Khan, Khatoon and Bilqees, 2008
* Plagiorhynchus lemnisalis Belopolskaya, 1958
* Plagiorhynchus linearis Westrumb, 1821)
* Plagiorhynchus menurae Johnston, 1912)
* Plagiorhynchus odhneri Lundström, 1942
* Plagiorhynchus paulus Van Cleave and Williams, 1950
* Plagiorhynchus pigmentatus de Marval, 1902)
* Plagiorhynchus ponticus Lisitsyna, 1992
* Plagiorhynchus rectus Linton, 1892)
* Plagiorhynchus rosai Porta, 1910)
* Plagiorhynchus rostratus de Marval, 1902)
* Plagiorhynchus totani Porta, 1910)
* Plagiorhynchus urichi Cameron, 1936)

#### Prosthorhynchus

Prosthorhynchus Kostylew, 1915 contains many species:
* Plagiorhynchus angrensis Travassos, 1926)
* Plagiorhynchus asturi Gupta and Lata, 1967)
* Plagiorhynchus asymmetricus Belopolskaya, 1983)
* Plagiorhynchus bullocki Schmidt and Kuntz, 1966
* Plagiorhynchus cossyphicola Smales, 2010
* Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus Goeze, 1782)
P. cylindraceus was found infesting the Austral thrush (Turdus falcklandii) in central Chile. Janice Moore discovered P. cylindraceus to be a parasite that infects an intermediate host, the terrestrial isopod Armadillidium vulgare, which alters its behavior and becomes more susceptible to P. cylindraceus' primary host, the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris).
* Plagiorhynchus deysarkari Bhattacharya, 2002
* Plagiorhynchus digiticephalus Amin, Ha and Heckmann, 2008
* Plagiorhynchus gallinagi Schachtachtinskaja, 1953)
* Plagiorhynchus genitopapillatus Lundström, 1942)
* Plagiorhynchus golvani Schmidt and Kuntz, 1966
* Plagiorhynchus gracilis Petrochenko, 1958)
* Plagiorhynchus kuntzi Gupta and Fatma, 1988
* Plagiorhynchus limnobaeni Tubangui, 1933)
* Plagiorhynchus longirostris Travassos, 1926)
* Plagiorhynchus luehei Travassos, 1916)
* Plagiorhynchus malayensis Tubangui, 1935)
* Plagiorhynchus megareceptaclis Amin, Ha and Heckmann, 2008
* Plagiorhynchus nicobarensis Soota and Kansal, 1970)
* Plagiorhynchus ogatai Fukui and Morisita, 1936)
* Plagiorhynchus pittarum Tubangui, 1935)
* Plagiorhynchus reticulatus Westrumb, 1821)
* Plagiorhynchus rheae de Marval, 1902)
* Plagiorhynchus rossicus Kostylew, 1915)
* Plagiorhynchus russelli Tadros, 1970
* Plagiorhynchus schmidti Golvan, 1994)
* Plagiorhynchus scolopacidis Kostylew, 1915)
* Plagiorhynchus transversus Rudolphi, 1819)
* Plagiorhynchus varispinus Wang, 1966)

### Porrorchinae Golvan, 1956
#### Lueheia

Lueheia Travassos, 1919 contains several species:
* Lueheia adlueheia (Werby, 1938)
* Lueheia cajabambensis Machado-Filho and Ibanez, 1967
* Lueheia inscripta (Westrumb, 1821)
L. inscripta was found infesting the Austral thrush (Turdus falcklandii) in central Chile. It has also been found in the Puerto Rican lizard Anolis cristatellus.
* Lueheia karachiensis Khan, Bilqees and Muti-ur-Rahman, 2005
* Lueheia lueheia Travassos, 1919

#### Oligoterorhynchus

Oligoterorhynchus Monticelli, 1914 contains one species: Oligoterorhynchus campylurus (Nitzsch, 1857)

#### Owilfordia

Owilfordia Schmidt and Kuntz, 1967 contains three species.
* Owilfordia olseni Schmidt and Kuntz, 1967
* Owilfordia schmidti Gupta and Fatma, 1988
* Owilfordia teliger (Van Cleave, 1949)

#### Porrorchis

Porrorchis Fukui, 1929 contains many species.
* Porrorchis aruensis Smales, 2010
* Porrorchis bazae (Southwell and Macfie, 1925)
* Porrorchis brevicanthus (Das, 1949)
* Porrorchis centropi (Porta, 1910)
* Porrorchis centropusi (Tubangui, 1933)
* Porrorchis chauhani Gupta and Fatma, 1986
* Porrorchis crocidurai Gupta and Fatma, 1986
* Porrorchis elongatus Fukui, 1929
* Porrorchis heckmanni Bilqees, Khan, Khatoon and Khatoon, 2007
* Porrorchis herpistis Bhattacharya, 2007
* Porrorchis houdemeri (Joyeux and Baer, 1935)
* Porrorchis hydromuris (Edmonds, 1957)
* Porrorchis hylae (Johnston, 1914)
* Porrorchis indicus (Das, 1957)
* Porrorchis jonesae Muti-ur-Rahman, Khan, Khatoon and Bilqees, 2010
* Porrorchis keralensis George and Nadakal, 1984
* Porrorchis kinsellai Lisitsyna, Tkach and Bush, 2012
* Porrorchis leibyi Schmidt and Kuntz, 1967
* Porrorchis maxvachoni (Golvan and Brygoo, 1965)
* Porrorchis nickoli Salgado-Maldonado and Cruz-Reyes, 2002
* Porrorchis oti Yamaguti, 1939
* Porrorchis rotundatus (von Linstow, 1897)
* Porrorchis tyto Amin, Ha and Heckmann, 2008

#### Pseudogordiorhynchus

Golvan, 1957
* Pseudogordiorhynchus antonmeyeri Golvan, 1957

#### Pseudolueheia

Schmidt and Kuntz, 1967
* Pseudolueheia arunachalensis Bhattacharya, 2007
* Pseudolueheia boreotis (Van Cleave and Williams, 1951)
* Pseudolueheia korathai Gupta and Fatma, 1988
* Pseudolueheia pittae Schmidt and Kuntz, 1967
* Pseudolueheia tongsoni Salcedo and Celis, 2007

### Sphaerechinorhynchinae Golvan, 1956
#### Sphaerechinorhynchus

Johnston, 1929
* Sphaerechinorhynchus macropisthospinus Amin, Wongsawad, Marayong, Saehoong, Suwattanacoupt and Say, 1998
S. macropisthospinus has been found in the intestine of the tiger (Panthera tigris) and a water monitor (Varanus salvator) in Vietnam.
* Sphaerechinorhynchus maximesospinus Amin, Ha and Heckmann, 2008
* Sphaerechinorhynchus ophiograndis Bolette, 1997
* Sphaerechinorhynchus rotundocapitatus (Johnston, 1912)
* Sphaerechinorhynchus serpenticola Schmidt and Kuntz, 1966

## Hosts

Plagiorhynchidae species parasitize a variety of hosts.
* Hosts for Plagiorhynchidae species
* The Long-billed curlew is a hosts of Plagiorhynchus aznari
* The Austral thrush is a hosts of Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus and Lueheia inscripta
* The Tiger is a hosts of Sphaerechinorhynchus macropisthospinus
* The Asian water monitor is a hosts of Sphaerechinorhynchus macropisthospinus