# Kent International Gateway

The Kent International Gateway was a proposed logistics hub and strategic rail-freight interchange (SRFI) next to the M20 motorway east of Maidstone. The project was controversial because it was a major development in a special landscape area close to several historic villages. Following a public inquiry that ended in December 2009, the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government rejected the proposal on 5 August 2010.

## Proposal

The proposed development would have been built in a corridor between the village of Bearsted, the M20 motorway and the High Speed 1 rail line. Comprising in excess of 112.3 hectares (1,123,000 m$^2$) near junction 8 of the M20, it was intended that the site would cut motorway freight traffic by utilising the rail network and creating a distribution hub in a key location between the Kent coast (with its proximity to continental Europe) and London which is approximately 45 miles to the north-west. In addition to operating up to 13 freight trains a day (removing an estimated 60 million kilometres of HGV journeys from the roads each year), the site would have looked to employ 3,500 people.
The proposal was claimed by its proponents to be aligned with the Department for Transport's (and the previous Strategic Rail Authority's) strategic rail freight interchange policy which seeks to encourage the removal of road freight in favour of rail. However, the Secretary of State ruled in his decision letter that, "The policy support that the proposal might otherwise enjoy from the SRA’s SRFI Policy is significantly reduced on account of the site’s distance from London and the M25." The proposed development was also thought by some to be broadly in line with the Labour government's Thames Gateway strategy which was intended to promote business and residential expansion from London into north Kent and Essex, however this was not a claim made by the scheme's proponents and in any case that strategy was principally focused a few miles to the north.
Approximately 40 Members of Parliament, the majority of whom represent London constituencies, indicated their approval of the proposed development as a means of reducing freight congestion on the M20 and M25 motorways.
The planning application was rejected by the local planning authority, Maidstone Borough Council, and a public inquiry was held into Axa's appeal of this decision between 13 October 2009 and 23 December 2009. Following the public inquiry and review of the resulting Inspector's report, the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government, Eric Pickles, rejected the appeal and refused planning permission for the development on 5 August 2010.

## Objections

Since the site is located principally in a designated special landscape area in the lee of the Kent Downs (an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty) and with close proximity to the historic medieval villages of Bearsted, Thurnham, Hollingbourne and Lenham, the project received extensive criticism and objections from local residents and Members of Parliament. The Campaign to Protect Rural England was also a key supporter of the local objections. Following a public exhibition, the Kent International Gateway proposal attempted to mitigate the environmental concerns by adjusting its design to reduce the impact of the buildings and allocating one-third of the total site area to landscaping, woodland retention and new wildlife habitats.
In May 2008, the then leader of Kent County Council, Paul Carter, wrote to the Members of Parliament who had supported the proposal to ask them to reconsider their support on the basis Kent International Gateway had not provided sufficient evidence that the distribution hub was needed or viable. At the same time, the government's decision in late 2007 to approve the Prologis Howbury Park rail–freight interchange at Slade Green, Bexley was cited by campaigners as evidence that demand for a similar such scheme at Bearsted no longer existed. However some commentators noted that the approval of the Howbury Park development, despite the objections of the local councils and its green belt location, may yet set a precedent for further government approvals for green belt development sites in south-east England.