OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oliver v. United States

Oliver v. United States, 466 U.S. 170 (1984), is a United States Supreme Court decision relating to the open fields doctrine limiting the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

## Background

Acting upon a tip that defendant was growing marijuana on his property, two Kentucky State Police officers drove onto defendant's land, past his house, up to a gate which was marked with a "no trespassing" sign. The officers left their vehicle and walked along a footpath around the gate onto defendant's property and continued down the road for nearly a mile. At that distance from the house, the two officers spotted a large marijuana crop on defendant's property. The defendant was later charged with drug offenses for this cultivation. At trial the defendant challenged the evidence on Fourth Amendment grounds.

## Opinion of the Court

After appeals, the Supreme Court affirmed the open fields rule derived from Hester v. United States (1924), and decided that the officers' actions did not constitute a "search" under the Fourth Amendment. The Court held:
   [A]n individual may not legitimately demand privacy for activities conducted out of doors in fields, except in the area immediately surrounding the home...The [Fourth] Amendment reflects the recognition of the Framers that certain enclaves should be free from arbitrary government interference. For example, the Court since the enactment of the Fourth Amendment has stressed ‘the overriding respect for the sanctity of the home that has been embedded in our traditions since the origins of the Republic.’ Id at 178.
The Court cited policy reasons for preserving the open fields rule, stating that "open fields do not provide the setting for those intimate activities that the Amendment is intended to shelter from government interference or surveillance." Id at 178. The Court also cited practical considerations as weighing on its decision, since open fields "usually are accessible to the public," and "no trespassing" signs are generally ineffective at "bar[ring] the public from viewing open fields in rural areas," and "the public and police lawfully may survey lands from the air." Id at 178-179. Because of these considerations, the Court declined to accept the defendants' expectation of privacy as one that "society recognizes as reasonable." Id at 178-179.
# Oliver Óge Martyn

Oliver Óge Martyn, Irish Jacobite and landowner, fl. ca. 1630-ca. 1709.
The eldest son of Richard Óge Martyn of Dunguaire Castle and his wife Magdalene French, he represented Galway Borough in the Patriot Parliament of 1689. He fought in the Williamite war in Ireland, been listed as a Major in Bourke's Musketeers, which last fought at the Battle of Aughrim. Several members of his family were killed, while his brother, Justice of the Court of Common Pleas (Ireland) Peter Martyn was exiled with his family during the Flight of the Wild Geese.
However, Martyn survived being attainted and held onto his lands through the provisions of the Treaty of Limerick. In 1709, when the British House of Commons passed the first major piece of anti-Catholic legislation, Martyn's Tullira estate was exempted from its property clauses because, as James Hardiman wrote, it had been noted that Oliver Martyn, of Tulliry, Co Galway, Esquire, was, during the rebellion, a person who behaved himself with great moderation, and was remarkably kind to numbers of Protestants in distress, many of which he supported in his own family, and by his charity and goodness saved their live. Therefore, it was enacted that he might enjoy his estates to him and his heirs, and settle and dispose of the same to his eldest son and heirs male.
He married Frances, daughter of John Donellan of Ballydonnelan, and Mary Daly, daughter of Charles Daly of Calla. They had had three sons. His notable descendants included Edward Martyn, Edward Carson, Baron Carson, and Ferenc Martyn.
# Jalcophila ecuadorensis

Jalcophila ecuadorensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is found only in Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Oldřich Král

Oldřich Král (13 September 1930 – 21 June 2018), also known by his Chinese name Wang Heda (Chinese: 王和达), was a Czech sinologist, translator and writer.

## Biography

Král was born on 13 September 1930 in Prague. He entered Charles University in 1949 and began his studies in Chinese language and literature. In the 1950s and 60s, he spent two periods studying at Peking University, during which time he translated Ba Jin's novel The Family and the Qing dynasty novel The Scholars. After that, he devoted his life to the translation of Chinese literature and philosophical works into the Czech language. His translations include the I Ching, Tao Te Ching, Zhuangzi, The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch, The Art of War, The Gateless Barrier, The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons, and Journey to the West. His translation of Cao Xueqin's classic novel Dream of the Red Chamber won the Odeon Publisher Award for the best translation in 1988 and at the celebration of the 240th anniversary of Cao Xueqin's death Král received the International Award (Beijing 2003). For all his work Král also received the Czech State Award for Translation in 2010 and the Chinese Award for Translation in 2017.
In 1993, Král became professor of sinology at Charles University and reestablished a Comparative Literature as a field of study there. He travelled frequently to China, and his last trip to China was in June 2018, just before his death.
Král died on 21 June 2018, at the age of 87. He had been working on translating the Chinese classic novel Jin Ping Mei before his death.
# Olivier Barbarant

Olivier Barbarant (born 5 March 1966 Bar-sur-Aube, France) is a French poet.

## Life

He lived in Paris. Since 1994, he has been living in Saint-Quentin, Picardy, where he teaches school, currently at the Lycée Lakanal in Sceaux.
In 1995, he met Veronique Elzière called Berenice in his books. He adopted Cosette in July 1995.

## Awards

* 2004 Mallarmé prize

## Works
### Poetry

* Les parquets du ciel. Editions Champ Vallon. 1992. ISBN 978-2-87673-140-0.
* Douze lettres d'amore au soldat inconnu. Editions Champ Vallon. 1993. ISBN 978-2-87673-164-6.
* Aragon: la mémoire et l'excès. Editions Champ Vallon. 1997. ISBN 978-2-87673-226-1.
* Odes dérisoires et quelques autres un peu moins. Editions Champ Vallon. 1998. ISBN 978-2-87673-272-8.

### Criticism, Essays, Editor

* Temps mort: journal imprécis, 1986-1998. Editions Champ Vallon. 1999. ISBN 978-2-87673-292-6.
* Hourra l'Oural: poème. Stock. 1998. ISBN 978-2-234-04951-2.
* Les parquets du ciel. Editions Champ Vallon. 1992. ISBN 978-2-87673-140-0.
* Essais de voix malgré le vent. Editions Champ Vallon. 2004. ISBN 978-2-87673-384-8.
* Louis Aragon (2007). Olivier Barbarant (ed.). Oeuvres poétiques complètes. Gallimard. ISBN 978-2-07-011890-8.
* Je ne suis pas Victor Hugo. Editions Champ Vallon. 2007. ISBN 978-2-87673-455-5.
# James F. Johnson

James Franklin Johnson (February 23, 1926 – November 25, 2000), also known as James F. Johnson or Jimmy Johnson, was an American blues, rhythm and blues, and soul musician.
Johnson was born in Fordyce, Arkansas, the son of Golder Roland and Thomas Franklin Johnson.
He was a performer and a composer, associated with the Magnum Records label and Mercedes publisher. His eponymous recording studio was located in Watts, California. His groups included the Jimmy Johnson Combo and Jimmy Johnson and His Band. Johnson wrote the song "Don't Answer the Door", which was recorded by B.B. King, as well as "Every Day of Your Life", "Cold Cold Feeling", "Drowning on Dry Land" and "I Used To Be A Millionaire".
He died on November 25, 2000, in Los Angeles, California.
# HMS St Albans (1747)

HMS St Albans was a 60-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Deptford Dockyard to the draught specified by the 1745 Establishment, and launched on 23 December 1747.
St Albans served until 1765, when she was sold out of the Navy.
# SS John Philip Sousa

SS John Philip Sousa was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after John Philip Sousa, an American composer and conductor of the late Romantic era known primarily for American military marches.

## Construction

John Philip Sousa was laid down on 29 March 1943, under a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MC hull 1200, by the St. Johns River Shipbuilding Company, Jacksonville, Florida; she was sponsored by Mrs. Kenneth A. Merrill, the wife of the vice president of the St. Johns River SB Co., she was launched on 4 July 1943.

## History

She was allocated to Wessel Duval & Company on 6 August 1943. On 6 June 1946, she was placed in the Hudson River Reserve Fleet, Jones Point, New York. She was sold for commercial use, on 15 October 1946, to Compania Internacional de Vapores, and renamed Erato. She was withdrawn from the fleet, 1 November 1946. On 30 September 1965, while operating as Protostatis, she ran aground in Lake Ontario and suffered extensive damage. After being refloated, she again ran aground on Wolfe Island, at the mouth of the St. Lawrence River, while being towed to Montreal, on 16 November 1965. She was declared a constructive total loss (CTL) and scrapped in 1966.
The bell from the ship is still used by the United States Marine Band, particularly in Sousa's piece, The Liberty Bell.
# Wolf Point (disambiguation)

Wolf Point is an incorporated town in Roosevelt County, Montana.
Wolf Point may also refer to
* Wolf Point (Amtrak station), Wolf Point, Montana
* Wolf Point, Chicago, the confluence of three branches of the Chicago River
# Horseshoe Bend High School

Horseshoe Bend High School is a high school in New Site, Alabama.
# Goli–Mahagi–Bunia Road

Goli–Mahagi–Bunia Road, is a road in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, connecting the towns of Goli in Uganda with Mahagi, Djugu, Nizi and Bunia in DRCongo.

## Location

The northern end of this road is in Goli, Uganda at the international border with DRCongo. The road travels in a general south-westerly direction, through the towns of Mahagi, Ngote, Nioka, Djugu and Nizi, to end at Bunia, a total distance of approximately 181 kilometres (112 mi).

## Overview

Tis road is one of three roads that have been identified by the governments of Uganda and DR Congo, as of significant importance in facilitating trade, human interaction, regional integration, and enhancement of security along their common border. The three roads are: 1. Goli–Mahagi–Bunia Road 2. Kasindi–Beni–Butembo Road and 3. Bunagana–Rutshuru–Goma Road.
The road is expected to boost Uganda's trade with DRC, in agricultural and manufactured products, including refined petroleum products, as Uganda enters the oil-production phase. Uganda sells cement, sugar, electricity, steel, cereals and beverages to DRC. DRC, in exchange sells timber, kitenge, palm oil, cosmetics and gold to Uganda.

## Upgrades and reconstruction

Before 2019, the road was gravel surfaced, in various stages of disrepair. In November 2019, Yoweri Museveni of Uganda and Félix Tshisekedi of the Democratic Republic of the Congo signed agreements in Entebbe, Uganda, to upgrade this road to bituminous surface, within twenty-four months, after the relevant ministers have agreed on implementation details.
# Glycolipid transfer protein

Glycolipid transfer protein is a cytosolic protein that catalyses the transfer of glycolipids between different intracellular membranes.
It was discovered by Raymond J. Metz and Norman S. Radin in 1980 and partially purified and characterized in 1982.
Recent reviews on structure and possible function are available.
This protein transports primarily different glycosphingolipids and glyceroglycolipids between intracellular membranes, but not phospholipids. It might be also involved in translocation of glucosylceramides. It was found in brain, kidney, spleen, lung, cerebellum, liver and heart.

## Human proteins containing this domain

GLTP; PLEKHA8; PLEKHA9;
# Itapua

Itapua may refer to several places:
* Itapúa Department, Paraguay
* Itapuã, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
* Itapuã State Park, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
# Caloplaca marina

Caloplaca marina, the orange sea lichen, is a crustose, placodioid lichen. It has wide distribution, and can be found near the shore on rocks or walls. Calos in Greek means nice, placa in Greek is shield. Caloplaca therefore means ‘beautiful patches’.

## Taxonomy

Synonyms are Caloplaca marina f. flavogranulata Wedd., (1875); Caloplaca marina var. flavogranulata (Wedd.) Zahlbr; Gasparrinia marina (Wedd.) Hav., (1936); and Placodium lobulatum

## Description

The vegetative body of the lichen, the thallus, is orange or orange-red in colour and may be continuous or fragmented. When fragmented the thallus looks lumpy under a hand lens; when continuous it is areolate and the margins may be ill-defined with almost no lobes; it is never powdery or pruinose. A light coloured prothallus may be visible in well-developed specimens.
Apothecia are small and either scattered through the thallus or grouped in small clusters; diameters rarely greater than 0.8 mm. The orange disc (a deeper colour than the thallus) surface is concave initially but matures to convex; the apothecium rim also narrows giving the effect that the convex disc is spilling over it.

## Habitat and distribution

Caloplaca marina is found on coastal rocks from calcareous to high silica rich types (HS). It is characteristically found in the mesic supralittoral zone or above Verrucaria maura (tar lichens). It can be distinguished from the superficially similar C. thallincola by its lack of well-defined thalline lobes.
It is distributed along the coastline throughout the Scottish mainland and islands, Ireland, England and Wales. It is also found throughout Atlantic Europe; English Channel; North Sea; and North West Europe.
Caloplaca marina is tolerant of sea spray and brief immersion in seawater.

## Pollution tolerance

Caloplaca marina is at first unaffected by oil spills and cleaning, but dies off within twelve months. It quickly recolonises areas of local extinction.
# Caloplaca mereschkowskiana

Caloplaca mereschkowskiana is a species of lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Western Australia, it was described as new to science in 2011. The specific epithet mereschkowskiana honours Russian biologist Konstantin Mereschkowski, who described Caloplaca brachyspora.
# Caloplaca maculata

Caloplaca maculata is a species of lichenized fungus endemic to New Zealand.

## Systematics

Caloplaca maculata was first described by lichenologist David Galloway in 2004; the type specimen was collected from a rocky shoreline on Chatham Island, the largest island in an archipelago off New Zealand's South Island. The genus name Caloplaca means "beautiful patches", while the species name maculata is derived from the Latin maculātus, meaning "to cover with stains" or "to mark with coloured patches".

## Description

Caloplaca maculata is a crustose lichen which grows in irregular rosettes measuring 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in) in diameter. The thallus (the vegetative body of the lichen) is pale greenish-white when wet and greyish-white when dry, without a noticeable prothallus. Its surface is areolate, broken into angular polygons separated by deep cracks. The disc-like apothecia (the lichen's fruiting bodies) are large and conspicuous: orange when dry and clear yellow when wet. These are sessile – attached directly at their base to the thallus without a stalk.

### Chemistry

In spot tests, the thallus is K− and the apothecia are K+, turning a reddish purple. Secondary metabolites include parietin.

## Habitat and range

Although Caloplaca maculata was initially thought to be endemic to Chatham Island, it has since been found on other islands in the same archipelago, and on New Zealand's South Island. It is saxicolous, growing on tuffaceous rock outcrops and basalt, typically in more sheltered locations along the coast. It has been found growing amongst other lichen species, including Caloplaca litoralis, Dufourea ligulata, Myriolecis dispersa, Pertusaria graphica, Physcia caesia and members of the genera Amandinea, Buellia and Caloplaca.
# Caloplaca letrouitioides

Caloplaca letrouitioides is a little-known species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen belonging to the family Teloschistaceae, described in 2011. It is known to occur in Victoria, Australia. The species was named for its superficial resemblance to species in the genus Letrouitia. The anatomical characteristics of Caloplaca letrouitioides, particularly the well-developed true exciple and the unexpanded paraphyses tips, along with the absence of algae in the apothecia, set it apart from other species in the genus.

## Taxonomy

Caloplaca letrouitioides was identified and described in 2011 by the lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk, John Elix, and Ingvar Kärnefelt. The type specimen was collected by Rex Filson in 1976 from Gunnamatta Beach in Victoria, Australia. Its specific epithet, letrouitioides, alludes to its resemblance to species in the genus Letrouitia.

## Description

The thallus of Caloplaca letrouitioides can spread several centimetres wide, characterised by a grey to whitish-grey colour. It is thin and smooth, with a flat to slightly uneven surface. Some parts of the thallus may have blackish edges. The hypothallus is not visible in this species. Apothecia are common, measuring 0.4–0.9 mm in width. They are biatorine, with a distinct yellow to orange margin that is significantly thick and elevated above the disc. The disc is brown to brownish-orange and can be flat to slightly concave. The true exciple of the apothecia is thick, consisting of radiating hyphae, and has a brownish-orange outer layer. The hymenium is hyaline, and the epihymenium has a brownish-orange hue. The asci typically contain 2–4 spores, with ascospores being elongated to cylindrical ellipsoid in shape with a broad septum. Pycnidia are dark reddish, but conidia were not observed in the type specimen.
Chemical analysis of Caloplaca letrouitioides shows that the epithecium and outer portions of the true exciple react to potassium hydroxide (i.e., the K spot test) by turning reddish-purple.

### Similar species

Caloplaca kiewkaensis is similar to C. letrouitioides, with both species featuring a very thin, smooth, greyish or greyish-white thallus without isidia and soredia, and a thick proper margin above the disc level with medium-sized ascospores with a broad septum. However, C. kiewkaensis is distinguished by its thicker, zeorine apothecia (as opposed to the biatorine type in C. letrouitioides), a scleroplectenchymatous true exciple, eight-spored asci with oil droplets (compared to 2–4 spored in C. letrouitioides), somewhat wider ascospores, and a narrower ascospore septum.

## Habitat and distribution

At the time of its original publication, Caloplaca letrouitioides was known only from the type collection made in Victoria, Australia. The species grows on the bark of thin twigs.
# Callona lampros

Callona lampros is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1885.
# Callona basilea

Callona basilea is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bates in 1880.
# Callicera rufa

Callicera rufa is a Palearctic hoverfly.

## Description

For terms see Morphology of Diptera External images A large (Wing length 9·75-11·25 mm.) metallic fly with red fur and long black antennae. Antennae segment 1 at least twice as long as 2 with a short arista (more so in male) which is bulbous at the base, then thread-like. The tergites are shining black, 2 and 3 with dull blackish markings The pubescence of tergites entirely tawny red (tergite 4 is more or less extensively black-haired in some individuals). The legs are yellow-red, the last two tarsal segments darkened.
The larva is illustrated in colour by Rotheray.

## Distribution

Scotland, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Hungary, Balaearic islands, Pyrenees, Corsica, Italy, Greece, and Romania. Not known from the east Palaearctic.

## Habitat

Ancient Pinus sylvestris forest.

## Biology

Arboreal, but females descend to visit stumps of old pine trees in small forest clearings, or to visit rot-holes. Flowers visited include Ranunculus repens. The flight period is mid May to August.
# Callidula nenia

Callidula nenia is a moth in the family Callidulidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1888. It is found on the Solomon Islands.
# Madom Gröss

The Madom Gröss is a mountain in the Lepontine Alps of Switzerland. It is located between the Valle Verzasca and Valle Leventina, near Sonogno, Ticino.
# Mabel Pye

Mabel Pye (9 April 1894 — 4 March 1982) was an Australian artist noted for painting and printmaking.

## Early life and training

Pye was born in Box Hill in 1894 to Alice Eleanor Noar and her husband William Edward Pye who married in 1893. She had a younger sister Hazel, also an artist, and their father built them a studio at the back of their Loch Street home in Surrey Hills, Victoria. Her family was associated with amateur theatre group 'The Benwerrin Players'. Mabel had to be rescued when swimming at Moon Bay near Black Rock when she was 19, which she visited with her family. She studied at the National Gallery School with Adelaide Perry and Napier Wallace under Bernard Hall. She studied drawing from 1912-1915, and painting 1915-1919.

## Career

Working in watercolours and linocuts, Pye painted landscapes, still-lifes, and portraits with bold colours and lines. She was a member of the Victorian Artists Society from 1918-1941, and the Melbourne Society of Women Painters and Sculptors, with whom she served on the committee with Esther Paterson, Ola Cohn, Jessie Mackintosh, Sybil Craig, Lina Bryans, and Violet McInnes. As well as exhibiting with both societies she also protested to the Lord Mayor about destruction of trees on Alexandra Avenue.
She was particularly noted for her ballet scenes. As part of their training Russian student dancers were made to visit art shows, and Pye painted impressions from memory of the Ballet Rambert, and was also a member of the Australian Ballet Society. She was also known for landscapes, painting atmospheric works of the Blue Dandenongs.
She has works in the collections of State Library Victoria, the Art Gallery of New South Wales, and the National Gallery of Victoria.

## Death

In later life she lived in Montrose and Olinda, and died in 1982 in Mont Calm, Canterbury.
# Can't Is Not an Option

Can't Is Not an Option: My American Story is an autobiography by former Governor of South Carolina and United States Ambassador to the United Nations, Nikki Haley, published by Sentinel in 2012.
According to The Economist, which compares Haley to another shopkeeper's daughter, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, the most important passage is Haley's recounting of how she kept the books in her mother’s dress shop, Exotica International starting at age 12. This, according to The Economist, imbued her with "an extreme watchfulness about overheads and a sharp aversion to government intrusion."
The title is taken from a phrase Haley recalls as part of her childhood. When something appeared difficult, her parents would tell her and her siblings that "Can't is not an option."

## Reception

A review in The Hindu criticized the book on the grounds that Haley, the daughter of immigrants from India, stressed her American-ness at the cost of "distanc(ing) herself from what makes her interesting. Her gender, her ethnicity, her religion(s), and even original thought have all been pushed out of focus, only to be touched upon to prove a point about how American she is."
The Washington Times reviewer called the story of the daughter of two Sikh immigrants from the Punjab "inspiring," quoting Haley's account of her parents leaving behind “a culture and a political system that judges people by the family or the caste or religion they come from” to come to America and “stand before the law and before government as individuals, not as members of a group … They might succeed and they might fail. But they wouldn’t have the game rigged against them because of who they were.”