OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rhopilema nomadica

Rhopilema nomadica, the nomad jellyfish, is a jellyfish indigenous to tropical warm waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Since 1970's it has been also found in Mediterranean Sea, where it entered via the Suez Canal (Lessepsian migration). It has been found in the Eastern Mediterranean, off the coast of Lebanon, Israel, Gaza, Cyprus, Turkey, and in the Aegean Sea off the coast of Greece. R. nomadica's body is light blue and the bell is rounded. It can grow up to 10 kg of weight, and its bell is commonly 40–60 cm in diameter, but can be up to 90 cm. The European Union lists it as one of the worst invasive marine species in European waters.

## Effects on humans

R. nomadica can cause very painful injuries to humans, since it has vermicular filaments, which are covered in venomous stinging cells, in the mouth arms. The R. nomadica had caused the largest numbers of envenomisations along the southern Levant coast. These jellyfishes are notorious for the large swarms they form in the summertime. The R. nomadica have caused a socioeconomic problem in Israel because of such outbreaks, during which they can release their venomous stinging cells. The outbreak has caused seaside visits to be reduced from 3-10.5%, causing a monetary loss of $6 million for recreational beaches.
Their presence can clog up seawater intake systems, such as those used by seawater-cooled power plants.

## Nutrition

R. nomadica are planktotrophic, meaning that they feed off of plankton for their nutritional and also for their survival needs.

## Environmental Needs

R. nomadica are seen to survive in various water temperatures. They can survive from anywhere from 16 degree Celsius to 31 degree Celsius.
# Rhinella pygmaea

Rhinella pygmaea is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, rural gardens, urban areas, and ponds. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Rhinella quechua

Rhinella quechua is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Bolivia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Johann Paul Uhle

Johann Paul Uhle (17 April 1827 – 4 November 1861) was a German physician and pathologist born in Nossen, in the Kingdom of Saxony. He died of tuberculosis in Jena at the age of 34.
In 1852 he received his medical doctorate at the University of Leipzig. He was an assistant at St. George's Hospital at Leipzig, and in 1859 became a professor at Dorpat. In 1860 he relocated to Jena as a professor of special pathology and director of the medical clinic.
With Ernst Leberecht Wagner (1829-1888), Uhle was co-author of an influential textbook of general pathology titled "Handbuch der allgemeinen Pathologie". It was published in seven editions, and was translated into English, French, Polish and Greek. Uhle was also author of "Der Winter in Oberägypten als klimatisches Heilmittel" (On the Winter in Upper Egypt as a Climatic Remedy).
# John Chris Jones

John Christopher Jones (7 October 1927 - 13 August 2022), known professionally as John Chris Jones, was a Welsh design researcher and theorist. He was born in Aberystwyth, Wales, studied engineering at the University of Cambridge, went on to work for AEI in Manchester, England. He became the first Professor of Design at the Open University in 1970. His book Design Methods: Seeds of Human Futures is considered a major text in design methods.
From his early collaboration with engineers, Jones advocated ergonomics and the consideration of user centred issues that were not part of engineering skills and attitudes at the time. When the results of his ergonomic studies of user behaviour were not utilized by the firm's designers, Jones set about studying and improving the design process so as to incorporate these aspects. He was also frustrated with the superficiality of industrial design at the time.
At the end of the 1950s he published an article "A Systematic Design Method" articulating ways to integrate ergonomic data into the engineering design process. His emerging ideas about Design Methods was to integrate both rationality and intuition — a common thread in the formalization of Design Methods and how it was interpreted by other groups. In 1962 he was one of the instigators of the influential conference on design methods, which led to the formation of the Design Research Society, of which Jones was Chair 1971-73. In 2004 he was presented with the Society's Lifetime Achievement Award.
Jones wasn't actually addressing design as presently conceived. He set out an entirely original philosophy of design—one that questioned the aims, goals and purposes of designing. He stated that one of the reasons why he focused on Design Methods was
    ". . . it's not another way of doing design, you see, it's a way of doing what designers don't do at all."
Jones also realized that designers needed to move out of focusing on expression and modes of production and begin to address the definition of a problem to be solved. He commented that
    "the future job of a designer is to give substance to new ideas while taking away the physical and organizational foundations of old ones. In this situation, it is nonsense to think of designing as the satisfaction of existing requirements. New needs grow and old needs decay . . ."
From 1970-74 Jones was the first Professor of Design at The Open University, and then became an independent designer, researcher and writer.
Jones died on 13 August 2022 in the North London Hospice.
# Rhabdosphaeraceae

Rhabdosphaeraceae is a family of algae belonging to the order Syracosphaerales.

## Genera

The following is a list of Rhabdosphaeraceae genera:
* Acanthoica Lohmann, 1903
* Algirosphaera Schlauder, 1945
* Amitha Shafik, 1989
* Anacanthoica G. Deflandre, 1952
* Anthosphaera
* Blackites W.W. Hay & K.M. Towe, 1962
* Cepekiella P.H. Roth, 1970
* Cruxia O. Varol, 1989
* Cyrtosphaera A. Kleijne, 1992
* Discosphaera Haeckel, 1894
* Discoturbella P.H. Roth, 1970
* Naninfula K. Perch-Nielsen, 1968
* Notiocyrtolithus Shafik, 1989
* Ommatolithus Shafik, 1989
* Palusphaera Lecal, 1966
* Pseudorhabdosphaera Lecel & Bernheim, 1960
* Pseudotriquetrorhabdulus S.W. Wise, 1976
* Rhabdolithes O. Schmidt, 1870
* Solisphaera J. Bollmann, M.Y. Cortés, A. Kleijne, J.B. Østerogaard, & J.R. Young, 2006
# Ricardo Sanchez (disambiguation)

Ricardo Sanchez (born 1953) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general.
Ricardo Sanchez or Sánchez may also refer to:
* Ricardo Sánchez (poet) (1941–1995), Chicano poet
* Ricardo Sanchez (journalist) (born 1958), Cuban–American journalist, radio host, and author
* Ricardo Sanchez (musician) (born 1967), American musician
* Ricardo Sánchez (water polo) (born 1971), Spanish water polo player
* Ricardo Sánchez Gálvez (born 1974), Mexican politician
* Ricardo Sánchez (footballer) (born 1982), Mexican soccer player
* Ricardo Sánchez Mujica (born 1983), Venezuelan politician and former student leader
* Ricky Sánchez (born 1987), Puerto Rican professional basketball player
* Ricardo Sánchez (field hockey) (born 1992), Spanish field hockey player
* Richard Sánchez (Paraguayan footballer) (born 1996), Paraguayan footballer
* Ricardo Sánchez (baseball) (born 1997), baseball player
# Ricardo Sanchez (musician)

Ricardo Ángel Sánchez (born October 2, 1967) is an American Christian musician, guitarist, and worship leader, who is a Grammy-nominated GMA Dove Award-winning songwriter. He has released four albums, Unmerited, Oh What a God, It's Not Over, and Grand Symphony.

## Early life and background

Sánchez was born, Ricardo Ángel Sánchez, on October 2, 1967, in Scottsdale, Arizona, Arizona, to parents Vicente and Fransica Sanchez, the youngest of six siblings, four brothers and a sister. He grew up in the Catholic Church, where he went to services alone, and was in a mariachi group with his father, when he was five years-old. Sánchez eventually became a non-denominational Protestant, at The Free Chapel in Gainesville, Georgia, just outside Atlanta, Georgia, before relocating to San Antonio, Texas, to join John Hagee's Cornerstone Church.

## Music career

His music recording career started in 2005, with the album, Unmerited, that was released on May 24, 2005, by Taseis Music. He released the subsequent two albums, Oh What a God, on May 25, 2011, and, It's Not Over, on August 2, 2011. His fourth album, Grand Symphony, was released on October 2, 2015, his 48th birthday, with Difference Media Group.

## Awards and nominations

He won a GMA Dove Award for Contemporary Gospel Recorded Song in 2011, with Israel Houghton, for "The Power of One". He received a Grammy Award nomination at the 52 Grammy Awards, for "Every Prayer", in the category Best Gospel Song.

## Personal life

Sánchez is married to Jennette, and they have three sons, Ricardo Jr., Josiah, and Micha, where they reside in the San Antonio, Texas area. His son Josiah suffered a severe spinal injury, while he has since made a recovery.

## Discography
### Studio albums

* Unmerited (May 24, 2005)
* Oh What a God (May 25, 2011)
* It's Not Over (August 2, 2011)
* Grand Symphony (October 2, 2015)
# John Boardman

John Boardman may refer to:
* John Boardman (art historian) (1927–2024), British classical art historian and archaeologist
* John Boardman (physicist) (born 1932), American physicist, science fiction fan, author and gaming authority
* John Boardman (merchant) (1758–1813), early settler of Troy, New York
* John Joseph Boardman (1893–1978), American Roman Catholic bishop
# Richard Griffith (physician)

Richard Griffith (1635? – September 1691) was an English physician.

## Biography

Griffith was born about 1635, was educated at Eton, though not on the foundation. On the recommendation of Cromwell and the council of state, he was appointed by the parliamentary visitors to a fellowship at University College, Oxford, on 1 September 1654 (Register, Camd. Soc. p. 399). He graduated B.A. 7 July 1657, M.A. 3 May 1660, and had thoughts of becoming a preacher, but ‘being not minded to conform he left the college, and applied his mind to the study of physic’ (Wood, Fasti Oxon., ed. Bliss, ii. 198, 224). He took the degree of M.D. at Caen in Normandy on 12 June 1664, was admitted an honorary fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in the following December, and having been created a fellow by the charter of James II, was admitted as such on 12 April 1687. He was censor in 1688 and 1690, and registrar for 1690. For some years he practised at Richmond, Surrey, but died in the parish of St. Nicholas Acons, London, in September 1691 (Probate Act Book, P.C.C.1691, f.152), and was buried in the church of Datchet, Buckinghamshire, near his deceased wife and child. In his will, dated on 4 Sept. 1691, and proved on the 8th (P.C.C. 138, Vere), he mentions property at various places in Surrey and houses in Old Street, St. Luke's, London. He married, first by license dated 18 Jan. 1678–9, Miss Jane Wheeler of Datchet (Chester, London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, col. 591). By her, who died in 1680 (Letters of Administration, P.C.C., 7 June 1680), he had a son Richard, baptised at Richmond on 13 March 1679-80 (parish register), and buried with his mother at Datchet. His second wife, Mary, daughter of Richard Blackman, apparently of Punchins, near Stoke-next-Guildford, Surrey, survived him without issue. Griffith was the author of a somewhat venomous treatise entitled ‘A-la-Mode Phlebotomy no good fashion; or the copy of a Letter to Dr. [Francis] Hungerford [of Reading], complaining of…the phantastick behaviour and unfair dealing of some London physitians… Whereupon a fit occasion is taken to discourse of the profuse way of Blood-Letting,’ &c, 8vo, London, 1681. The immediate cause of Griffith's wrath was the supercilious treatment recommended by a London physician (formerly a 'journeyman' to Dr. Willis), who on being summoned to see an aged lady patient of his at Richmond, insisted on her being let blood, which no doubt accelerated her death. Wood (loc. cit.), followed by Harwood (Alumni Eton. p. 229), confuses Griffith with another Richard Griffith, a native of Abinger, Surrey, who passed from Eton to King's College, Cambridge, in 1629, and died in college at the close of 1642 (cf. Addit. (Cole) MS. 5816, ff. 121, 174).
# Richard Berman

Richard Berman may refer to:
* Richard Berman (lawyer) (born 1942), American lawyer and lobbyist
* Richard M. Berman (born 1943), American judge
* Rick Berman (born 1945), American television producer
# Richard Berkeley (Sussex MP)

Richard Berkeley (by 1465 – 1513 or later) was an English politician.
He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Winchelsea in 1495 and 1497, and for Rye in 1504 and 1510.
# Richard Duncan-Jones

Richard Phare Duncan-Jones, FBA, FSA (14 September 1937 – 15 May 2024) was a British historian of the ancient world who specialised in Roman economy and society.

## Early life and education

Duncan-Jones was the son of philosopher Austin and playwright and literary scholar Elsie Duncan-Jones; his sister was the Shakespeare scholar Katherine Duncan-Jones. He was educated at King Edward's School, Birmingham, and King's College, Cambridge (BA 1959, MA 1963, PhD 1965).

## Career

In 1963, he was elected a fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge University. He was a college lecturer in classics and a Life Fellow of the college.

## Death

Duncan-Jones died on 15 May 2024, at the age of 86.

## Works

* The economy of the Roman Empire (1974)
* Structure and scale in the Roman economy (1990)
* Money and government in the Roman Empire (1994)
* Power and privilege in Roman society (2016)
# Richard Dunn (actor)

Richard Dunn (December 18, 1935 – June 4, 2010) was an American character actor popularized by Tim Heidecker and Eric Wareheim. Dunn was best known to audiences for his appearances on Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!, a sketch comedy television series.
Dunn portrayed many different characters (often bizarre versions of himself) in many episodes of Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! from 2007 until 2010. In addition, Dunn had small roles in House, Parks and Recreation, Weeds and Nip/Tuck. He also appeared in the 1998 film The Wedding Singer and the music video for Diddy's 2000 single "Bad Boy for Life.". He first got into show business through his friend, producer Robert Marcus. He volunteered to be a 'gofer' (production assistant) for Marcus' productions. Marcus wrote a book about how to be a production assistant and dedicated it to Dunn. He first got his start as an actor by taking roles as a background actor, and subsequently took classes for acting. He performed a number of roles in commercials and music videos. His first few professional roles earned him enough money to become a member of the Screen Actors' Guild. Dunn was approached by Tim Heidecker in a parking lot and offered a gig playing Tim's father in the first episode of Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!. After this, Dunn was a regular feature in the show, as well as other outlets of the Tim and Eric franchise until his death, and was posthumously honored in the first episode of spin-off series Check It Out! with Dr. Steve Brule and the song "Richard Dunn is Done" by fellow Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! regular David Liebe Hart on his album Mixtape.

## Personal life

Dunn was born in Urbana, Illinois, one of four children (himself, two brothers and a sister). During junior high school, he played football and regarded it as one of the few times in his life he was really motivated. His family moved to Chicago, IL and lived there for a few years, before moving to California, where they lived for the duration of World War II. After the war he moved back to Chicago with his family for a brief period until the Korean War, at which time they moved back to California. His mother died when he was 16, and at 17 he joined the U.S. Navy, where he went through basic training in San Diego. After a four-year Navy career he resumed a normal life in California working with horses, however he shortly joined the U.S. Air Force, where he remained employed for another four years. After which, he returned to his life of horses for another nine months before re-joining the Navy. He remained in the Navy until March 1977, at which point he retired at the age of 41. He resided in southern California thereafter, where he attended Santa Monica College. The Navy made a lasting impression on him. Dunn considered his other significant influences to be his mother in law, his junior high coach, and producer Robert Marcus.
# Rhagoletis brncici

Rhagoletis brncici is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Rhagoletis of the family Tephritidae.
# Rhagoletis cerasi

Rhagoletis cerasi (the cherry fruit fly or European cherry fruit fly) is a species of fruit fly in the family Tephritidae.

## Distribution

This species is widespread in most of Europe, except British Islands, in western Siberia to Caucasus, in Kazakhstan, Central Asia and Altai. It was first detected in North America in 2016.

## Description

Rhagoletis cerasi can reach a body length of about 3.5–5 mm (0.14–0.20 in). These small fruit flies have a shiny body, dark brown, almost black. Mesonotum shows silvery vittae. The wings are transparent, with four transverse dark stripes. Eyes are green with reddish reflections. The head is brown, while scutellum and the legs are yellow.
This species is very similar to Rhagoletis berberidis.

## Biology

The adults can be found from late May to early July. They feed on the sugary secretions produced by the cherry itself or by insects (such as the aphid honeydew). After 10–15 days the females lay 50-80 eggs one at a time in the pulp of the fruit. After 6–12 days the eggs hatch and white legless larvae 4–6 mm long come out and feed on the pulp of the fruit. During the ripening the larvae leave the fruit and pupate in the soil, where they overwinter. Usually this species have one generation every 1–2 years.
These fruit flies are considered a major pest of cherry crops in Europe and Asia. They damage also the fruits of apricot, honeysuckle, barberry, bird cherry and snowberry.

## Gallery

* Drawing of cherry fruit fly
* Larva in a cherry fruit
* Image
* Video clip
# Rhagoletis ebbettsi

Rhagoletis ebbettsi is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Rhagoletis of the family Tephritidae.
# Richard Hannon

Richard Hannon may refer to:
* Richard Hannon Sr. (born 1945), British racehorse trainer
* Richard Hannon Jr. (born 1975), his son, British racehorse trainer
# Richard Jewell (disambiguation)

Richard Jewell may refer to:
* Richard Jewell (1962–2007), the man wrongly accused of the 1996 Olympic Park bombing in Atlanta
* Richard G. Jewell, 8th president of Grove City College
* Richard Roach Jewell (1810–1891), Australian architect
* Richard Jewell (film), a 2019 biographical film about the 1996 Olympic bombing
# John Dyrby Paulsen

John Dyrby Paulsen (born 12 July 1963) is a Danish politician. He is a member of the party Social Democrats, and is the current mayor of Slagelse Municipality. He was elected mayor after the 2017 Danish local elections, though has been in the municipal council since 2014. Before that he sat in the Folketing under two different constituencies from 2006 to 2015. He also acted as a temporary member of parliament twice, first period between 10 March 2005 to 30 April 2005 and second period between 6 September 2005 to 6 February 2006. He also sat in the municipal council of the now defunct Korsør Municipality between 1998 and 2005.
# Richard Nowell

Richard Nowell may refer to:
* Richard Nowell (cricketer) (born 1975), English cricketer
* Richard Nowell (MP) (fl. 1354), English politician
* Richard Nowell, see Pea galaxy#History of discovery
# Yankee Town, Indiana

Yankee Town is an unincorporated community in Brownsville Township, Union County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.
# Noncommutative symmetric function

In mathematics, the noncommutative symmetric functions form a Hopf algebra NSymm analogous to the Hopf algebra of symmetric functions. The Hopf algebra NSymm was introduced by Israel M. Gelfand, Daniel Krob, Alain Lascoux, Bernard Leclerc, Vladimir Retakh, and Jean-Yves Thibon. It is noncommutative but cocommutative graded Hopf algebra. It has the Hopf algebra of symmetric functions as a quotient, and is a subalgebra of the Hopf algebra of permutations, and is the graded dual of the Hopf algebra of quasisymmetric function. Over the rational numbers it is isomorphic as a Hopf algebra to the universal enveloping algebra of the free Lie algebra on countably many variables.

## Definition

The underlying algebra of the Hopf algebra of noncommutative symmetric functions is the free ring Z⟨Z$_1$, Z$_2$,...⟩ generated by non-commuting variables Z$_1$, Z$_2$, ...
The coproduct takes Z$_n$ to Σ Z$_i$ ⊗ Z$_{n–i}$, where Z$_0$ = 1 is the identity.
The counit takes Z$_i$ to 0 for i > 0 and takes Z$_0$ = 1 to 1.

## Related notions

Michiel Hazewinkel showed that a Hasse–Schmidt derivation
    $D:A\to A[[t]]$
on a ring A is equivalent to an action of NSymm on A: the part $D_{i}:A\to A$ of D which picks the coefficient of $t^{i}$, is the action of the indeterminate Z$_i$.

### Relation to free Lie algebra

The element Σ Z$_n$t$^n$ is a group-like element of the Hopf algebra of formal power series over NSymm, so over the rationals its logarithm is primitive. The coefficients of its logarithm generate the free Lie algebra on a countable set of generators over the rationals. Over the rationals this identifies the Hopf algebra NSYmm with the universal enveloping algebra of the free Lie algebra.
# Marc Fiechter

Marc Fiechter (born 13 June 1975) is a retired Swiss football midfielder.
# OneGeology

OneGeology is an international collaborative project in the field of geology supported by 118 countries, UNESCO, and major global geoscience bodies. It is an International Year of Planet Earth flagship initiative that aims to enable online access to dynamic digital geological map of the world for everyone. The project uses the GeoSciML markup language and initially targets a scale of approximately 1:1 million. Downstream uses could be to identify areas suitable for mining, oil and gas exploration or areas at risk from landslides or earthquakes, to help understanding of formations which store groundwater for drinking or irrigation, and to help locate porous rocks suitable for burying emissions of greenhouse gases. The project portal was launched on August 6, 2008 at the 33rd International Geological Congress (IGC) in Oslo, Norway.
# One Kensington Gardens

One Kensington Gardens is a residential development of 97 apartments in a nine-storey (two of them underground) block in Kensington, London, completed in 2015, overlooking Kensington Gardens, and bounded by Victoria Road and De Vere Gardens.
It was designed by David Chipperfield Architects, and the main contractor was Sir Robert McAlpine.
It was built on the site of the 1950s-built Palace and Thistle hotels at the northern end, and the De Vere Gardens mansion block at the southern end. The site was bought by the Candy brothers for £69 million, and sold 18 months later in 2008 to an Abu Dhabi consortium for £320 million.
In 2015, it was reported that two-bedroom flats were for sale starting at £6 million, up to £30 million for a five-bedroom flat overlooking the park.
# James Gilmour

James Gilmour may refer to:
* Jim Gilmour (boxer), British Olympic boxer
* James Gilmour (Miramichi lumber baron) (1782–1858), entrepreneur
* James Gilmour (missionary) (1843–1891), Scottish Protestant Christian missionary in China and Mongolia
* James Gilmour (politician) (1842–1908), politician in Ontario Canada
* Jim Gilmour (1881–1918), rugby league footballer of the 1910s for New Zealand and Wellington
* Jim Gilmour (RNZN officer), Commander Joint Forces New Zealand
* Jimmy Gilmour (born 1961), Scottish footballer