OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Glacial erratic boulders of Estonia

Glacial erratic boulders of Estonia are large boulders of rock which have been formed and moved into Estonia by glacial action during previous ice ages. They are now registered and protected by the government.
Glacial erratic boulders are found in especially large quantities in Estonia. Most of the boulders greater than 30 metres in circumference found in northern Europe are in Estonia, which has 62 known boulders of this size. Some particular large ones have been found in the sea, including some near Osmussaar that are 100 metres diameter. The Osmussaar boulders are believed to have been pushed there by glaciers from the Neugrund meteorite crater.
The Estonian boulders were important in the development of the idea that northern Europe was once covered in glaciers. The first to suggest that the boulders were moved by glaciers was Russian mineralogist Vasily Severgin who was led to this conclusion by their similarity to Finnish basement rock at the very early date of 1815. Severgin was later to retract this theory in favour of the drift theory of Charles Lyell who believed they had been carried by icebergs. However, later in the 19th century the glaciation theory slowly gained the ascendancy.

## List of boulders

* Ehalkivi (Sunset Glow Boulder) near Letipea is the largest erratic boulder in the glaciation area of North Europe. It has a height of 7 m, circumference of 48.2 m, a volume of 930 m$^3$ and a mass of approximately 2,500 tonnes.
* 59°32′59″N 26°35′15″E﻿ / ﻿59.5498°N 26.5876°E﻿ / 59.5498; 26.5876
* The Kabelikivi is the second largest erratic boulder in Estonia, situated in Muuga, Viimsi Parish. It is 18.7 m long, 14.9 m wide and 6.4 m high, above ground volume is 728 m³.
* The Aruküla Rock (Estonian: Aruküla hiidrahn) is a glacial erratic on the field of Aruküla, situated in Harju County, Estonia. It has a circumference of 35.2 m, height of 6.2 m.
* 59°12′50″N 25°24′18″E﻿ / ﻿59.2140°N 25.4049°E﻿ / 59.2140; 25.4049
* Assaku Nõiakivi. Located in Assaku
* Helgikivi. Situated in Kähu, Tõrva Parish, Valga County.
* Helmersen Rock Field. Located in Hiiu Parish
* Tubala boulder
* 58°57′37″N 22°46′18″E﻿ / ﻿58.9602°N 22.7718°E﻿ / 58.9602; 22.7718
* Rock of Uku. Located in Harju County, Saue Parish, Muusika village
* Vaindloo Boulder. Located in Vaindloo
# Zhaxar Township

Zhaxar (Tibetan: བཀྲ་ཤར་), or Zhexia (Chinese: 者下乡; pinyin: Zhěxià Xiāng), is a township in Bainang County, in the Shigatse prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. At the time of the 2010 census, the township had a population of 1,906. As of 2019, it had 7 villages under its administration.
# Pilot (1813 ship)

Pilot was launched in 1813. She transported convicts to New South Wales in 1817. She disappeared in 1820.

## Career

Pilot first appeared in Lloyd's Register in 1813 with Hall, master. The 1815 volume shows her master changing to Grice, her owner to Simes, and her trade to Cowes—Batavia.
On 9 March 1817 Captain William Pexton 1817 sailed from Cork for Port Jackson, and arrived there on 29 July 1817. She had embarked 119 male convicts, but only disembarked 117, though none of whom died en route. Presumably two may have been landed before she departed England.
Pilot's surgeon-superintendent was Charles Queade. He had drawn up and issued to Captain Pexton and the commander of the guard a detailed set of instructions concerning the care and security of the convicts. When Pilot arrived at Port Jackson he passed a copy of these to Governor Lachlan Macquarie. By the mid-1820s the government itself developed and disseminated detailed regulations
After she delivered her convicts, Pilot sailed on 7 September for Hobart, and then in November for Batavia.
The Register of Shipping for 1819 showed Pilot with S. Owens, master, Somes, owner, and trade London—Ceylon.

## Fate

On 28 May 1820 Pilot, Owen, master, sailed from Bengal for London. She was not heard of again.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Hackman 2001, p. 305.
* 1 2 Lloyd's List (1813), Supple. Seq.№79.
* 1 2 Bateson 1959, pp. 290–91.
* ↑ Lloyd's Register (1815), Seq.№319.
* ↑ Bateson 1959, p. 327.
* ↑ Bateson 1959, p. 48-9.
* ↑ "Arrival of Vessels at Port Jackson, and their Departure". Australian Town and Country Journal, Saturday 3 January 1891, p.17. Retrieved 14 June 2012.
* ↑ Register of Shipping (1820), Seq.№321.
* ↑ Lloyd's List №5550.
# Theobald II

Theobald II may refer to:
* Theobald II of Blois (c. 985 – 1004)
* Theobald II of Champagne (1090–1152)
* Theobald II of Navarre (1253–1271)
* Theobald II, Count of Bar (1221–1291)
* Theobald II, Duke of Lorraine (1263–1312)
# Plasma pencil

The plasma pencil is a dielectric tube where two disk-shaped electrodes of about the same diameter as the tube are inserted, and are separated by a small gap. Each of the two electrodes is made of a thin copper ring attached to the surface of a centrally perforated dielectric disk. The plasma is ignited when nanoseconds-wide high voltage pulses at kHz repetition rate are applied between the two electrodes and a gas mixture (such as helium and oxygen) is flown through the holes of the electrodes. When a plasma is ignited in the gap between the electrodes, a plasma plume reaching lengths up to 12 cm is launched through the aperture of the outer electrode and into the surrounding room air. The cold plasma plume emitted by the plasma pencil can be used to kill bacteria without harming skin tissue.
Applications of the plasma pencil are in wound healing, killing of oral bacteria, and in controlled surface modification of heat-sensitive materials. The plasma pencil was invented by Mounir Laroussi, a plasma science professor at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.

## Sources

* Laroussi, M.; Lu, X. (2005-09-12). "Room-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma plume for biomedical applications". Applied Physics Letters. 87 (11). AIP Publishing: 113902. Bibcode:2005ApPhL..87k3902L. doi:10.1063/1.2045549. ISSN 0003-6951.
* Laroussi, Mounir; Tendero, Claire; Lu, Xinpei; Alla, Sudhakar; Hynes, Wayne L. (2006-08-15). "Inactivation of Bacteria by the Plasma Pencil". Plasma Processes and Polymers. 3 (6–7). Wiley: 470–473. doi:10.1002/ppap.200600005. ISSN 1612-8850.
# 1993 Dutch Open (tennis)

The 1993 Dutch Open was an ATP men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Hilversum, Netherlands that was part of the World Series category of the 1993 ATP Tour. It was the 36th edition of the tournament and was held from 26 July until 1 August 1993. Unseeded Carlos Costa won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Carlos Costa defeated Magnus Gustafsson, 6–1, 6–2, 6–3
* It was Costa's 1st singles title of the year and the 3rd of his career.

### Doubles

Jacco Eltingh / Paul Haarhuis defeated Hendrik Jan Davids / Libor Pimek 4–6, 6–2, 7–5
# Ingeborg (disambiguation)

Ingeborg is a Scandinavian feminine given name.
Ingeborg may also refer to:
* Ingeborg (singer), Belgian singer and television presenter Ingeborg Sergeant
* Ingeborg (film), a 1960 West German comedy
* 391 Ingeborg, an asteroid discovered by Max Wolf in 1894
* Ingeborg (hulk), a ship hulked at Göteborg, Sweden, from 1972 to 1974
# Sneekes

Sneekes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Melissa Sneekes (born 1983), Dutch beauty pageant contestant
* Richard Sneekes (born 1968), Dutch footballer
# New Life Anglican Church

New Life Anglican Church is an Anglican parish located in a historic church building at 219 State Street in Petoskey, Michigan. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986 under the name Trinity Evangelical Church.

## History

The Trinity Evangelical Church was founded in 1878, and the congregation first met in private homes. Two years later, they constructed a church at the corner of Howard and Grove Street. They later sold this building, and for a time held services in the Seventh Day Adventist Church. The Trinity Evangelical congregation constructed this church in 1929. The congregation later changed its name to Trinity Missionary Church in the Missionary Church.
In 2013, Trinity Missionary Church relocated to a newer building on the east side of Petoskey and sold its NRHP-listed State Street building to New Life Anglican Church, a church plant of the Anglican Church in North America in the Anglican Diocese of the Great Lakes.

## Description

The church is a 2+1⁄2-story Classical Revival brick structure with a single story polygonal entrance and a gable roof. The front facade has a central projecting feature containing a large multi-paned window in a round arch, and topped with four blind archways. This feature is repeated on the side facades. Additional windows along the side are multi-paned rectangular units.
# Hodgkin

Hodgkin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alan Lloyd Hodgkin (1914–1998), British physiologist and biophysicist
* Dorothy Hodgkin (1910–1994), British chemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1964, wife of Thomas Lionel Hodgkin
* Douglas Hodgkin, American political scientist and author
* Eliot Hodgkin (1905–1987), British painter
* Howard Hodgkin (1932–2017), British painter
* John Hodgkin (barrister) (1800–1875), English barrister and Quaker preacher, brother of Thomas Hodgkin (1798–1866)
* Robert Howard Hodgkin (1877–1951), English historian, son of Thomas Hodgkin (1831–1913)
* Thomas Hodgkin (1798–1866), English pathologist, eponym of Hodgkin's disease
* Thomas Hodgkin (historian) (1831–1913), British historian, son of John Hodgkin
* Thomas Lionel Hodgkin (1910–1982), English historian, son of Robert Howard Hodgkin, husband of Dorothy Hodgkin
# Hypothecla

Hypothecla is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The genus was erected by Georg Semper in 1890.

## Species

* Hypothecla astyla (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862) Philippines
* Hypothecla honos de Nicéville, 1898 Sulawesi
# New Sudan

New Sudan is a concept for restructuring the Sudanese state, which was proposed by the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement during the Second Sudanese Civil War. The original SPLA/M Manifesto outlined 'New Sudan' as a proposed united and secular Sudanese state. The vision of 'New Sudan' was developed by Dr. John Garang, who advocated the 'New Sudan' as a democratic and pluralistic state.
The 1994 National Convention of New Sudan (organized by SPLA/M) redefined 'New Sudan' as a system of governance for the regions under SPLA/M control. After John Garang's death in 2005 and the independence of South Sudan in 2011, the New Sudan discourse became a less prominent feature in Sudanese politics.
# United Republican Party (Kenya)

The United Republican Party (URP) was a political party in Kenya.

## History

The party was launched by William Ruto, in conjunction with several Kenyan politicians allied to a faction of Orange Democratic Movement opposed to Raila Odinga, as their vehicle for the March 2013 general elections. The party's launch was announced after a week of meetings on 15 January 2012. In December, Ruto and the leaders of several other political parties signed a pre-election coalition deal, in which he became a running mate for Uhuru Kenyatta and URP received half the spoils of an election victory. The party subsequently joined the Jubilee Alliance, which nominated Kenyatta for the presidency. In the elections Kenyatta was elected president, whilst the URP emerged as the third-largest party in Parliament, winning 12 seats in the Senate and 76 in the National Assembly.
In 2016, the party was dissolved by Secretary-General Fred Muteti and William Ruto merging into the Jubilee Party.
# Plasma mirror

A plasma mirror is an optical mechanism which can be used to specularly reflect high intensity ultrafast laser beams where nonlinear optical effects prevent the usage of conventional mirrors and to improve laser temporal contrast. If a sufficient intensity is reached, a laser beam incident on a substrate (such as fused silica) will cause the substrate to ionize and the resulting plasma will reflect the incoming beam with the qualities of an ordinary mirror. A single plasma mirror can be used only one time, as during the interaction the beam ionizes the substrate and destroys it.
To achieve a specular reflection, the plasma surface has to stay flat during the interaction with the beam. As high intensity ultrafast lasers reach intensities far greater than those required for plasma formation—and in order to prevent plasma formation and expansion during prepulses preceding the main pulse—the laser temporal contrast (ratio of intensities of prepulses to main pulse) has to be maintained at a low value, such that prepulse intensity is below the ionization threshold.
As high intensity light ionizes the substrate and is reflected but low intensity prepulses, generated by amplified spontaneous emission and generally unwanted, are transmitted, the plasma mirror can be used to enhance the intensity contrast of beams, in a process termed self-induced plasma shuttering. This effect is useful, as many laser-solid experiments are impeded by the presence of intense prepulses. In some setups, to improve contrast two plasma mirrors are used.
Plasma mirrors exhibit high harmonic generation and have been used to produce attosecond extreme ultra-violet pulses. Further applications include electron acceleration and generation of light orbital angular momentum using a spatial phase plate design.
# Lists of Japanese games

List of Japanese games may refer to:
* List of traditional Japanese games
* List of Japanese board games
# Premnoplex

Premnoplex is the genus of typical barbtails, birds in the family Furnariidae. It contains the following species:
* Spotted barbtail, Premnoplex brunnescens
* White-throated barbtail, Premnoplex tatei
The name Premnoplex comes from the Greek words premnon, meaning "tree trunk" and ples, meaning "to strike".
# Gapa Hele Bi Sata (2015 film)

Gapa Hele Bi Sata is a 2015 Indian Odia-language drama film directed by Murali Krishna. The film stars Anubhav Mohanty and Barsha Priyadarshini is in the film as lead cast. Prem Anand is the music director. The movie is a remake of 2013 Kannada movie Charminar. This film released on Raja alongside Super Michhua and Love You Hamesha. The film was a box office failure.

## Cast

* Anubhav Mohanty
* Barsha Priyadarshini
* Dipika Tripathy
* Mihir Das
* Bikash Das
* Salil Mitra
# Jean Colin (disambiguation)

Jean Colin may refer to:
* Jean Colin (1905–1989), English actress
* Jean Colin (general) (1864–1917), French soldier and military historian
* Jean Baptiste Leopold Colin (1881–1961), Flemish painter
* Vladimir Colin, pen name of Jean Colin (1921–1991), Romanian short story writer and novelist
# The Football Conference Youth Alliance

The Football Conference Youth Alliance (known sometimes as the Conference Youth Alliance) was formed in 2005 as the official U19s Youth League for professional teams, semi-professional and for non-league teams who compete in the Football Conference league and respective non-league competitions in England. Teams who compete in the Football Conference Youth Alliance combine football training with education, offering 16-18 year olds the chance to play elite youth football at U19s level and gain academic qualifications at BTEC National or Diploma level, operating on a similar model to that of the Football League Youth Alliance and FA Premier Academy League.
The league comprises seven divisions (North, Central, Southern Premier and Southern A, B, and C). The title winners of each of the seven Football Conference Youth Alliance divisions go into a Championship Play Off to find the National Football Conference Youth Alliance Champion each season.

## Current structure

* See Youth Alliance Page for 2011–12 season league tables.
The competition is currently (as of 2011–12) contested by 70 clubs, split into six regional conferences: North (10 teams), Central (12 teams), South Premier (12 teams), South A (12 teams), South B (12 teams) and South C (12 teams).

### North Division

* Birmingham City Blues
* Boston United
* Fleetwood Town
* Gateshead
* Halifax Town
* Ilkeston
* MMU/Newcastle
* Newcastle Town
* Stalybridge Celtic

### Central Division

* Birmingham City Whites
* Chasetown
* Corby Town
* FootballCV Reds
* Hitchin Town
* Kettering Town
* Kidderminster Harriers
* Luton Town
* Oxford City
* St Albans City
* Tamworth
* Watford Trust & Hertswood School

### South Premier Division

* AFC Sudbury
* AFC Wimbledon
* Basingstoke Town
* Bromley Blues
* Dartford Whites
* Dover Athletic
* Ebbsfleet United
* Havant & Waterlooville
* Histon
* Oxford United
* Woking
* Weston-super-Mare

### South A Division

* Boreham Wood Whites
* Carshalton Athletic
* Eastleigh
* Hampton & Richmond Borough
* JMA Reading
* Kingstonian
* Leatherhead
* St Albans Saints
* Tooting & Mitcham United
* Watford FC Community Sports & Education Trust
* Wealdstone
* Wingate & Finchley

### South B Division

* Boreham Wood Blues
* Bishops Stortford
* Chelmsford City
* Dagenham & Redbridge
* Halstead Town
* Redbridge
* Romford
* Tilbury
* Thurrock
* Tottenham Hotspur
* Waltham Abbey
* Winchmore Hill

### South C Division

* Bromley Whites
* Cambridge United
* Charlton Athletic Trust
* Cray Wanderers
* Croydon Athletic
* Dartford Reds
* Deal Town
* Dulwich Hamlet
* Maidstone United
* Sittingbourne
* Tonbridge Angels
* Welling United
# Panaque schaeferi

Panaque schaeferi is a freshwater species of fish from the South American armoured catfish family Loricariidae. Panaque schaeferi is widely distributed throughout the upper Amazon (Solimões River) in Peruvian and Ecuadorian rivers, and it has been observed as far down as Santarém, Brazil. Growing to at least 60 cm (23.6 inches) SL, it is one of the largest, and likely one of the heaviest species of Loricariid. It has been known in the aquarium trade since at least 1996 under various names such as 'Titanic pleco' and 'Volkswagen pleco' (due to its resemblance to the VW Beetle car), in addition to L203 and LDA065 under the L-number code. Juveniles are often confused with Panaque bathyphilus and erroneously called L090c.
The fish is named in honor of Scott A. Schaefer of the American Museum of Natural History. Additionally, he is the ichthyological editor of Copeia for his many contributions to ichthyology in general, and in particular to the understanding of the Loricarioidea.
# Ray–Dutt twist

The Ray–Dutt twist is a mechanism proposed for the racemization of octahedral complexes containing three bidentate chelate rings. Such complexes typically adopt an octahedral molecular geometry in their ground states, in which case they possess helical chirality. The pathway entails formation of an intermediate of C$_{2v}$ point group symmetry. An alternative pathway that also does not break any metal-ligand bonds is called the Bailar twist. Both of these mechanism product complexes wherein the ligating atoms (X in the scheme) are arranged in an approximate trigonal prism.
This pathway is called the Ray–Dutt twist in honor of Priyadaranjan Ray (not Prafulla Chandra Ray) and N. K. Dutt, inorganic chemists at the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science abbr. IACS who proposed this process.
# Pierre River

Pierre River or Rivière Pierre may refer to:
* Pierre River (Brébeuf Lake), a tributary of Brébeuf Lake in Le Fjord-du-Saguenay Regional County Municipality, Quebec, Canada
* Pierre River (Mitchinamecus River tributary), in the unorganized territory of Baie-Obaoca, Quebec, Canada
# Nguyễn Văn Đàn

Nguyễn Văn Đàn (born 1976) is a Vietnamese former footballer who played as a defender.

## Early life

He moved with his family to Bình Định, Vietnam, at a young age.

## Career

He captained the Vietnam national football team.

## Personal life

He was known for his dyed hair.
# Palliopodex verrucosus

Palliopodex verrucosus is a leaf-veined slug, an air-breathing land slug or terrestrial gastropod mollusc in the family Athoracophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand's subantarctic Auckland Islands.
# Wedelia acapulcensis

Wedelia acapulcensis, commonly known as Acapulco wedelia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Texas in the United States, Mexico, and Central America.

## Varieties

* Wedelia acapulcensis var. acapulcensis
* Wedelia acapulcensis var. hispida (Kunth) Strother (=Lipochaeta texana Torr. & A.Gray, W. hispida Kunth, W. texana (A.Gray) B.L.Turner, Zexmenia hispida (Kunth) A.Gray ex Small) – hairy wedelia, orange wedelia, orange zexmenia
# Snooky

Snooky may refer to:

## People

* Eileen "Snooky" Bellomo, American singer and former backup vocalist for the band Blondie
* Snooky Lanson, stage name of Roy Landman (1914–1990), an American singer
* Snooky Pryor (1921–2006), an American blues harp player
* Snooky Serna (b. 1966), a Filipina film and television actress
* Snooky Young (1919–2011), an American jazz trumpeter

## Other uses

* "Snooky Wookums", fictional feline from animated television series Krypto the Superdog
# Global Bio-Chem

Global Bio-Chem Technology Group (Chinese: 大成生化集團控股), also known as simply Global Bio-Chem, is a Chinese biotechnology company based in Hong Kong. The company is owned by Changchun Dacheng Industry Group.

## Business

Global Bio-Chem is involved in the manufacture, research and development of corn-based biochemical products in China. It is headquartered in Hong Kong, with its production facilities based in Changchun and Dehui, within the Jilin province, Northeast China.

## History

The company was established in 1994 and listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 2001. It spun off its sweeteners business, Global Sweeteners, on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 2007.
# The Great Stone War

The Great Stone War is the second studio album by American deathcore band Winds of Plague. It was released on August 11, 2009 through Century Media Records. The album also marks the recording debut of drummer Art Cruz and keyboardist Kristen Randall. The Great Stone War sold 6,300 copies in its first week of release to debut at No. 73 on The Billboard 200 chart. A cover of "Halloween" by Misfits appears as a bonus track on iTunes.

## Composition

Winds of Plague described the record as a concept album. Vocalist Johnny Plague states, "The idea of The Great Stone War is that civilization as a whole will digress and in time inevitably end with one final battle. This battle will not be fought with technology but with stone. Over the course of eleven tracks the listener hears about a journey foreseen through the eyes of a heathen in a religious world apocalypse. Even in the world's darkest times you always have to take a step back and see life for what it is and not lose sight of what is most important."
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Ashladan | |
| Blistering | |
| Lords of Metal | |
| Zware Metalen | (8.2/10) |

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Winds of Plague