OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zurobata

Zurobata is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1866.

## Taxonomy

The genus has previously been classified in the subfamily Acontiinae of the family Noctuidae.

## Species

* Zurobata decorata (C. Swinhoe, 1903)
* Zurobata fissifascia Hampson, 1896
* Zurobata intractata (Walker, 1864)
* Zurobata reticulata (Moore, 1882)
* Zurobata rorata Walker, 1865 (syn: Zurobata constellata (Snellen, 1880), Zurobata multiguttata (Moore, 1885))
* Zurobata vacillans (Walker, 1864) (syn: Zurobata aequalis (Walker, 1864), Zurobata inaequalis (Walker, 1864), Zurobata irrecta (Walker, 1865), Zurobata niviapex (Walker, 1865), Zurobata selenicula (Snellen, 1880))
# Max Walker de Laubenfels

Max Walker de Laubenfels (1894–1958) was an American spongiologist. He received his undergraduate degree from Oberlin College in 1916 and his master's and doctorate degrees from Stanford University in 1926 and 1929, respectively.
He was among the most prolific identifiers of new species of Caribbean sponges, describing 60 species from 1932 to 1954. He also authored a complete taxonomic revision of all genera of fossil sponges published in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology.
He was a professor of zoology at Oregon State College from 1950 to 1958 and had previously worked at the University of Hawaii.

## Publications

* De Laubenfels, M. W., 1929 : The sponges of California. Dept. of Zoology. 634 pg.
* De Laubenfels, M. W., 1954 : The sponges of the west-central Pacific. Studies in zoology, no.7: 320pg.
* De Laubenfels, M. W., 1955 : Porifera. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part E, Archaeocyatha and Porifera, pp. 21–112.
# Scottish Union of Power Loom Overlookers

The Scottish Union of Power Loom Overlookers was a trade union representing supervisors in textile mills in Scotland.
The union was founded at some point in the 1880s as the Dundee Power Loom Tenters' Association, and was led for many years by James Reid. Around the time of World War II, it changed its name to the Scottish Union of Power Loom Tenters, having incorporated local power loom tenters' organisations in Dunfermline and Perth.
In 1969, the union adopted its best known name, its membership at the time being around 350 workers. In 1971, the union founded the "British Federation of Textile Technicians" with the General Union of Associations of Power Loom Overlookers and the Yorkshire Association of Power Loom Overlookers.
Its membership then began to fall, dropping to only 65 by 1989, by which time it was known as the Scottish Union of Power Loom Technicians. It dissolved in 2000.

## General Secretaries

    c.1890: James Reid
    1910s: P. McGregor
    1920s: R. Macbeth
    1970s: J. D. Reilly
# Terval

Terval (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France. It was established as a commune nouvelle on 1 January 2023 from the merger of the communes of La Tardière, Breuil-Barret and La Chapelle-aux-Lys.
# Kalafotsy

Kalafotsy is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ikongo, which is a part of Vatovavy-Fitovinany Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 11,000 in 2001 commune census.
Only primary schooling is available. The majority 99% of the population of the commune are farmers. The most important crops are coffee and rice, while other important agricultural products are sugarcane and cassava. Services provide employment for 1% of the population.

## References and notes

* ↑ Estimated based on DEM data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
* 1 2 3 "ILO census data". Cornell University. 2002. Retrieved 2008-05-03.
22°17′S 47°19′E﻿ / ﻿22.283°S 47.317°E﻿ / -22.283; 47.317
* This Vatovavy-Fitovinany location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Oiva Tuulio

Oiva Johannes Tuulio (17 January 1878, Pyhäjärvi – 21 June 1941, Helsinki) was a Finnish linguist specializing in the Romance languages. He bore the surname Tallgren until 1933.
Tuulio was son to provost Ivar Markus Tallgren and Jenny Maria Montin. He earned his PhD in 1907, was awarded the title of docent in 1910 and served as extraordinary professor of the Southern Romance languages at the University of Helsinki from 1928 to 1941. Before accepting the professorship, he had refused offers from the universities of Tartu and Riga. He made study trips to Paris 1901–1902 and to Southern Europe 1903–1904, 1907–1908, 1926 and 1931.
Tuulio pioneered the field of Spanish research in Finland; his PhD thesis, Estudios sobre la Gaya de Segovia (1907), was the first study about Spanish written in that language at the University of Helsinki. Tuulio had to obtain permission to write it in Spanish and the defense was held in French. He also studied the Arabic influence on Spanish as well the status of Sicilian within the Romance family. His other interests included Vulgar Latin, Italian and French. Together with his brother, archaeologist Aarne Michaël Tallgren, he published Idrisi, la Finlande et les autres pays baltiques orientaux (1930), in which he attempted to show similarities between place names on the maps by Muhammad al-Idrisi and place names in Finland and the Baltics. He returned to this topic in his Du nouveau sur Idrisi (1936).
Tuulio made an impact as a popularizer of the Spanish language and culture in Finland, as he organized cultural events and produced works aimed at a general audience, such as travel writing about Spain.
He was appointed auxiliary member of the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters in 1910 and full member in 1925.
Oiva Tuulio was married to writer Tyyni Tuulio since 1917. They had three sons; the eldest son was killed in the beginning of the Continuation War. Tuulio succumbed to tuberculosis in 1941. He is buried in the Hietaniemi Cemetery in Helsinki.
# Palazzo Dugnani

Palazzo Dugnani or Palazzo Casati Dugnani is a Baroque-style monumental palace located on Via Daniele Marin #2, near Porta Venezia in Milan, region of Lombardy, Italy. The rear of the palace faces the street, while the facade faces the western edge of the Giardini Indro Montanelli. The palace is notable for its salon frescoed by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo.

## History

Until the 1730, the site housed the palace of the Cavalchini family, who then sold it to the Casati family who began the construction of the larger palace we see today. In 1753, the palace was sold to the Dugnani family. The palace was known during the following decades as the home of literary salons, and the home since 1762 for the amateur society, known as the Accademia dei Fenici. In 1835. with the death of Teresa Dugnani Viani, the property was inherited by Count Giovanni Vimercati. In 1837, he installed his collection of flora and fauna specimens as a "Natural History Museum". In 1846 Vimercati sold the building and collections to the Municipality of Milan. The collections are now stored in the nearby Civic Museum of Natural History also along the gardens of this palace on Corso Venezia. The palace became utilized for a public school, and now is used for a variety of exhibitions including a Cinema Museum.

## Architecture and decoration

Circa 1731, Count Giuseppe Casati (1673-1740) had commissioned frescoes from Tiepolo, then working on Palazzo Archinto. The Count also engaged the services of Cucchi, Magatti, Bortoloni, Ferdinando Porta to work along and under Tiepolo. The frescoes are putatively events related to the History of Scipio Africanus as recounted by Livy. The scenes are depicted with colorful by fanciful wardrobes. The central panel depicts his Apotheosis (central ceiling). Side panels include the death of the Carthaginian Sophonisba by poison; Scipio allies himself with the Numidian Masinissa; and Scipio (or Hasdrubal) before the Ruins of Cirta. Finally one fresco depicts the often depicted Clemency of Scipio.
# Henry Lowther, 3rd Earl of Lonsdale

Henry Lowther, 3rd Earl of Lonsdale (27 March 1818 – 15 August 1876) was a British nobleman and Conservative politician.

## Early life

Lowther was born on 27 March 1818. He was the eldest son of Hon. Henry Cecil Lowther and Lady Lucy Sherard. His paternal grandfather was William Lowther, 1st Earl of Lonsdale and his maternal grandfather was Philip Sherard, 5th Earl of Harborough.
In 1868, he succeeded his uncle William in his Lord Lieutenancies, and in 1872 as Earl of Lonsdale.

## Career

He was educated at Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge and in 1841 he joined the 1st Life Guards.
From 1847 until his elevation to the peerage and ascension to the House of Lords in 1872, Lowther served as a Member of Parliament for West Cumberland. He succeeded Edward Stanley and Samuel Irton. While in Parliament, he served alongside Edward Stanley (from 1847 to 1852), Samuel Irton (from 1852 to 1857), Sir Henry Wyndham (from 1857 to 1860), and Percy Scawen Wyndham (from 1860 to 1872). Lord Lonsdale was succeeded by Percy Wyndham and The Lord Muncaster.
In 1870, he became Master of the Cottesmore Hunt.

## Personal life

On 31 July 1852, he married Emily Susan Caulfeild, the daughter of St George Caulfeild of Donamon Castle of Roscommon, Ireland. They had six children:
* Lady Sibyl Emily Lowther (d. 11 June 1932), who married Major General George Williams Knox CB on 30 April 1886
* St George Henry Lowther, 4th Earl of Lonsdale (1855–1882)
* Hugh Cecil Lowther, 5th Earl of Lonsdale (1857–1944)
* Hon Charles Edwin Lowther (11 July 1859 – 2 April 1888), who married Kate Fink on 12 June 1878
* Lady Verena Maud Lowther (6 April 1865 – 25 December 1938), who married Victor Spencer, 1st Viscount Churchill on 1 January 1887, divorced 1927
* Lancelot Edward Lowther, 6th Earl of Lonsdale (1867–1953)
Lord Lonsdale died after an attack of pneumonia on 15 August 1876 at the age of 58 and was succeeded in his titles by his eldest son, St George Henry Lowther, who became the 4th Earl of Lonsdale at age 23.
# Pamelamyia

Pamelamyia is a genus of flat-footed flies (insects in the family Platypezidae). There is one described species, Pamelamyia stuckenbergorum.
# Palleon

Palleon is a genus of small chameleons erected in 2013 for a small clade formerly assigned to the genus Brookesia. The species of Palleon are endemic to Madagascar.

## Species

* Palleon lolontany Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995
* Palleon nasus (Boulenger, 1887) – elongate leaf chameleon
** Palleon nasus nasus
** Palleon nasus pauliani
# Units of the Royal Corps of Signals

This is a list of units of the British Army's Royal Corps of Signals.

## Brigades

* 1st Signal Brigade (1982—1987)
** 1st Signal Group (1968—1982)
* 1st (United Kingdom) Signal Brigade (1995—Present)
* 2nd (National Communications) Signal Brigade (1982—2012)
** 2nd (Static Communications) Signal Group (1968—1982)
** 2nd Signal Brigade (1982—1992)
* 11th Signal Brigade and Headquarters West Midlands (2014—Present)
** 11th Signal Brigade (V) (1967—1992)
** 11th (Allied Rapid Reaction Corps) Signal Brigade (1992—1997)
** 11th Signal Brigade (1997—2014)
* 12th Signal Brigade (1982—1992)

## Groups

* 1st Signal Group (1968—1982), later 1st (United Kingdom) Signal Brigade
* 2nd (Static Communications) Signal Group (1968—1982), later 2nd (National Communications) Signal Brigade
* 3rd Signal Group (V) (1967—1975)
* 4th Signal Group (1969—1992)
* 12th Signal Group (1967—1982), later 12th Signal Brigade
* 13th Signal Group (V) (1967—1972)
* Headquarters, Radio Group British Army of the Rhine (1963—1977)
* Headquarters, Communications and Security Group (United Kingdom)
* Headquarters, Royal Signals Malta
* Headquarters, Commonwealth Communications Networtk

## Regiments

Air Formation
* 10 Air Formation
* 11 Air Formation
* 12 Air Formation
Line of Communications
* 2 LoC
HQ and Signal
* HQ BAOR
* 1 Corps
* 1 Division
* 2 Infantry Division
* 2 Division
* 3 Armoured Division Signal Regiment
* 4 Infantry Division
* 4 Division
* 5 Division
* 6 Armoured Division
* 7 Armoured Division
* 11 Armoured Division
Signal
* HQ Northag
* 1 Wireless
* 7 (Corps)
* 7
* 7 (ARRC)
* 9 Signal Regiment (Cyprus)
* 10
* 13 (Radio)
* 14 Army
* 14 (EW)
* 16
* 18 Army Group
* 19 Army Group
* 21 (Air Formation)
* 21 (Air Support)
* 22 (Air Formation)
* 22 (Corps)
* 22
* 28
* 83 Group

## Squadrons

* 200
* 201
* 202
* 204
* 205
* 206
* 207
* 208
* 209
* 210
* 211
* 212
* 217
* 218
* 229
* 230
* 231
* 232
* 252
* 253
* 255
* 262
* 280
# Joaquín Parra

Joaquín Parra may refer to:
* Joaquín Parra (footballer) (born 1961), Spanish football manager and former player
* Joaquín Parra (actor) (died 2022), Spanish actor
# United States at the 1933 World Archery Championships

The United States competed at the 1933 World Archery Championships in London, Great Britain from 31 July to 5 August 1933.
The United States entered 1 archer and competed in the men's individual events, with Donald MacKenzie winning gold.

## Events
### Recurve

| Archer | Event | Score | Rank |
| Donald MacKenzie | Individual recurve | 1126 | |
# Henry Hatcher

Henry Hatcher (14 May 1777 – 14 December 1846) was an English antiquarian, born in Kemble, Gloucestershire. He is known for his scholarly contributions to books on the History of Wiltshire. The Hatcher Review of the Alderbury & Whaddon Local History Research Group is named in his memory.

## Life

In 1790 Henry and his family moved to Colchester. In school he excelled in classics and mathematics and at age fourteen he became a junior assistant at his school, over the next three years he filled similar situations in other establishments. In 1795 he became an amanuensis to the historian William Coxe whom he assisted in the compilation of his historical works, he also assisted Sir Richard Hoare in many of his works.
In May 1817 he married Anne, daughter of Richard Amor, in Durrington, Wiltshire. Anne later died on the 28 February 1846 and later that year Hatcher fell ill, seemingly recovered but then suddenly died on 14 December 1846 at age 69. A monument to his memory was placed by public subscription in Salisbury Cathedral.
Among the manuscripts which he left behind were an Anglo-Saxon glossary and grammar, a treatise on the art of fortification, and a dissertation on military and a physical geography. Hatcher's assistance, especially in the labour of translating Spanish and Portuguese documents, was acknowledged by Coxe in his ‘History of the Bourbon Kings of Spain’ a similar testimony to his aid was given in the ‘Memoirs of the Duke of Marlborough’ and when Coxe's posthumous volume on the Pelham administration appeared, the preface expressed his indebtedness to his ‘faithful and able secretary Mr. Hatcher.’
# Henry Hattersley

Henry Hattersley (3 April 1812 – 23 January 1835) was an English first-class cricketer.
Hattersley was born at Sheffield in April 1812. He played first-class cricket on three occasions in 1834, playing twice for Yorkshire against Norfolk at Norwich and Sheffield, in addition to playing once for Sheffield (aka Yorkshire) against Nottingham. He scored 41 runs in his three matches, in addition to taking 7 wickets. Hattersley died the following year in January 1835.
# Henry Wells (musician)

Henry James Wells (born 1906, in Dallas) was an American jazz trombonist, vocalist, and bandleader. He was the brother of Dicky Wells.
Wells studied at Fisk University and the Cincinnati Conservatory, and worked professionally starting in the late 1920s. He joined Jimmie Lunceford's band in 1929 and remained with him until 1935; during this time, he also played with Cab Calloway and Claude Hopkins. From 1936 to 1941 he worked intermittently with Andy Kirk, and played with him again in 1946; he left Kirk's employ temporarily to put together his own band and to complete a stint in the U.S. Army. During his time with Kirk, he was often employed as a vocalist, including on recordings. He also played with Gene Krupa and Teddy Hill in the early 1940s. After World War II he worked with Rex Stewart and Sy Oliver; he was active as a performer on the West Coast into the 1960s.
# Henry Wells Giffard

Henry Wells Giffard (1810 – 1 June 1854) was a British Royal Navy captain.

## Biography

Giffard was the son of Admiral John Giffard (d. 1851). He entered the navy in 1824; was a midshipman of the Asia at the battle of Navarino, 20 October 1827; was promoted to the rank of lieutenant on 4 March 1831; and after serving in the Mediterranean and on the East Indian station was made commander on 22 February 1838. In 1839 he commissioned the Cruiser of 16 guns, in which he went out to China and took part in the capture of Chusan and Canton. He was advanced to post-rank on 8 June 1841; but continuing in command of the Cruiser, was present at the reduction of Amoy and Chinghae. He returned to England in 1842, and in 1846–7 was captain of the Penelope, bearing the broad pennant of Sir Charles Hotham, on the coast of Africa. In June 1852 he was appointed to the Tiger, paddle-wheel frigate, for service in the Mediterranean, and in 1854 attached to the fleet in the Black Sea. On 11 May the Tiger, in company with two other steamers, was detached from the fleet off Sebastopol, and early on the following morning in a dense fog took the ground close under a cliff a little to the south of Odessa. As soon as she was discovered from the shore, the Russians brought up a battery of field-pieces, and from the edge of the cliff opened a plunging fire of shot, shell, and carcasses, to which the Tiger's guns were unable to reply. The ship was soon set on fire, shell and shrapnel were sweeping her decks, resistance was impossible, and Giffard, severely wounded in the leg, was carried down to the surgeon. Under these circumstances he ordered the ship to be surrendered, and the officers and men, becoming prisoners of war, were hastily sent ashore; Giffard, whose leg had just been amputated, being passed into a boat through a maindeck port. Every care and attention seems to have been shown to the wounded, but the shock to Giffard's system, added to the anxiety and depression of spirits, proved fatal, and he died on 1 June. ‘He died as he lived, a religious man, much regretted by all,’ is the comment of one of the Tiger's officers. He was buried at Odessa with military honours.
Giffard married, in 1846, Ella Emilia, daughter of Major-general Sir Benjamin C. Stephenson, G.C.H., and left issue, among others, Vice-admiral George Augustus Giffard, C.M.G. (b. 1849), who, as a lieutenant of the Alert, served in the Arctic expedition of 1875–6.
# Ulidia

Ulidia is a genus of picture-winged flies in the family Ulidiidae.

## Species

* Ulidia albidipennis Loew, 1845
* Ulidia apicalis Meigen, 1826
* Ulidia atrata Loew, 1868
* Ulidia atrovirens
* Ulidia bipunctata
* Ulidia clausa
* Ulidia erythrophthalma Meigen, 1826
* Ulidia facialis Hendel, 1931
* Ulidia fulvifrons
* Ulidia gongjuensis Chen, 2009
* Ulidia kandybinae Zaitzev, 1982
* Ulidia megacephala Loew, 1845
* Ulidia melampodia
* Ulidia metope Kameneva, 2010
* Ulidia nigricubitalis
* Ulidia nigripennis Loew, 1845
* Ulidia nitens
* Ulidia nitida
* Ulidia omani Steyskal, 1970
* Ulidia parallela Loew, 1845
* Ulidia rubida
* Ulidia ruficeps Becker, 1913
* Ulidia salonikiensis Hennig, 1940
* Ulidia semiopaca Loew, 1845
* Ulidia smaragdina
* Ulidia splendida
* Ulidia wadicola Steyskal, 1968
* Ulidia xizangensis Chen, 2009
# Ulidia bipunctata

Ulidia bipunctata is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Ulidia of the family Ulidiidae.
# Panama at the 2004 Summer Olympics

Panama competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004. This was the nation's fourteenth appearance at the Olympics since its debut in 1920. This team consisted of two people, a man and a woman. Panama did not compete on four occasions, including the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, because of its partial support of the United States boycott.
Comité Olímpico de Panamá sent the nation's smallest delegation to the Games since the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. A total of four athletes, three men and one woman, competed only in athletics and swimming. Freestyle swimmer, Pan American Games medalist, and three-time Olympian Eileen Coparropa reprised her role to carry the Panamanian flag in the opening ceremony for the third consecutive time since her debut, as a fifteen-year-old, in 1996.
Panama has yet to claim its first Olympic medal after the 1948 Summer Olympics in London. Track star Bayano Kamani narrowly missed out on the medal podium after earning a highest result for the Panamanian team in the men's 400 m hurdles with an astonishing fifth-place finish.

## Athletics

Panamanian athletes have so far achieved qualifying standards in the following athletics events (up to a maximum of 3 athletes in each event at the 'A' Standard, and 1 at the 'B' Standard).

### Key

* Note–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
* Q = Qualified for the next round
* q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
* NR = National record
* N/A = Round not applicable for the event
* Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round

### Track & road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Bayano Kamani | 400 m hurdles | 49.37 | 5 q | 48.23 NR | 2 Q | 48.74 | 5 |

### Field events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | Qualification | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Irving Saladino | Long jump | 7.42 | 36 | did not advance | did not advance |

## Swimming

Panamanian swimmers earned qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the A-standard time, and 1 at the B-standard time):

### Men

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Ismael Ortiz | 100 m freestyle | 51.74 | 45 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

### Women

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Eileen Coparropa | 50 m freestyle | 25.57 | 12 Q | 25.37 | =13 | did not advance | did not advance |
| Eileen Coparropa | 100 m freestyle | 57.09 | 30 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
# Panama at the 2000 Summer Paralympics

There were 0 female and 1 male athletes representing the country at the 2000 Summer Paralympics.

## Medallists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event |
| Silver | Said Gomez | Athletics | Men's 5000m T13 |
| Bronze | Said Gomez | Athletics | Men's 1500m T13 |
# Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training program

The Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training program (JOBS) was a welfare-to-work program created by the Family Support Act of 1988 to replace the Work Incentive program (WIN) created by the Social Security Act Amendments of 1967. The Family Support Act put the program under titles IV-A and IV-F of the Social Security Act, and the regulations were codified at 45 CFR 250.
JOBS was replaced by the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program in 1997 pursuant to the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996.