OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Notch (musician)

Norman Howell (born May 11, 1975), better known as Notch, is an American R&B, reggae, dancehall, and reggaeton artist. He was the former lead vocalist and one of the creative forces behind the hip-hop/reggae group Born Jamericans.
He is known for his 2001 chart topper, "Nuttin Nuh Go So." He has featured on albums such as Mas Flow 2, Mas Flow 2.5, Chosen Few II: El Documental, Barrio Fino, and The Cosmic Game. His first solo album, Raised by the People, was released in May 2007.

## Biography
### Early life

Howell was born in Hartford, Connecticut. His mother is of African-American, Native American, and Portuguese descent, however his brothers and sisters, from the same mother but different father, are of Puerto Rican and African-American descent. His father was born in Jamaica and is of Afro-Cuban and French descent. Howell's parents separated when he was still an infant. He spent his early years with his mother, living in Hartford, Connecticut. Howell grew up in a multicultural neighborhood and learned Spanish because most of his friends at that time were of Hispanic descent. He left Connecticut to live with his father in Washington, D.C., when he was nine years old. Notch also spent a short time in Bermuda before moving back to Washington, D.C., where he lived until his early twenties.

### Career

Notch is fluent in American English, Jamaican Patois, and Spanish. He mixes all three dialects and languages in some songs, a mixture he calls "Spatoinglish". Notch has worked with Daddy Yankee, Luny Tunes, Voltio, Baby Ranks, Thievery Corporation, Sublime, Pitbull, T-Weaponz, and Rascalz.
Notch has provided vocals on several Thievery Corporation songs, including the title track of The Richest Man in Babylon, "Amerimacka", "Blasting Through the City" and "Strike the Root". Four songs also appear on Thievery's Corporation's "The Temple of I & I" including "Strike the Root," "True Sons of Zion," "Weapons of Distraction," and "Drop Your Guns."

## Discography
### Born Jamericans

* "Boom Shak-a-Tack" (1994)
* "Cease & Seckle" (1994)
* Kids from Foreign (1994)
* Yardcore (1997)

### Solo work

* Raised by the People (2007)
** Intro/ Hay Que Bueno
** Dale Pa' Tra (Back It Up)
** Algarete
** Guaya Guaya
** Que Te Pica
** Layaway Love
** Layaway Love Remix (feat. Fatman Scoop)
** Rosalinda
** Traemelo
** Tocame
** Más De Ti
** Ella Se Fue
** Castigo
** No Problema
** Jah Mexi Cali
** Mano y Mano
** Verme (Remix) - (with Baby Ranks & Jabba)
** Chévere (Remix) - (with Voltio)
** Bailar Reggae
** Bun Out Bad Mind
** Hay Que Bueno
** Tú 'Tá Loco
# Hilder v Dexter

Hilder v Dexter [1902] AC 474 is a UK company law case concerning shares.

## Facts

To raise working capital, United Gold Coast Mining Properties Ltd offered shares at par value to Mr Hilder and others with an option to take further shares at par for two years. After the share price rose, Mr Hilder wished to exercise his option.

## Judgment

Earl of Halsbury LC held that Hilder was entitled to exercise the option, as it in no way directly or indirectly contravened the rule against issuing shares at a discount under Companies Act 1900, section 8(2) (now Companies Act 2006, section 580).
# Ytterbium(III) fluoride

Ytterbium(III) fluoride (YbF $_3$) is an inorganic chemical compound that is insoluble in water. Like other Ytterbium compounds, it is a rather unremarkable white substance. Ytterbium fluoride has found a niche usage as a radio-opaque agent in the dental industry to aid in the identification of fillings under X-ray examination.
# Lemi (name)

Lemi may refer to the following people:

## Given name

* Lemi Berhanu Hayle (born 1994), Ethiopian long-distance runner
* Lemi Ghariokwu (born 1955), Nigerian artist, illustrator and designer
* Lemi Ponifasio, Samoan and New Zealand director, artist, dancer, designer and choreographer

## Surname

* David Lemi (born 1982), Samoan rugby player
* Teddese Lemi (born 1999), Ethiopian middle-distance runner
# KrAZ N12.2

The KrAZ N12.2 truck is manufactured at the KrAZ plant in Ukraine. It was first presented in 2011.
KrAZ N12.2 is provided engine YaMZ-536 rated at 312 hp, the MFZ-430 clutch and the 9JS150ТА mechanical transmission.

## Variants

* KrAZ N12.0 - prototype with KrAZ-built cab. Produced in 2010.
* KrAZ N12.2 - basic production model with KrAZ cab.
* KrAZ N12.2R - prototype with Renault Kerax cab.
* KrAZ N12.2M (KrAZ-5544) - version with MAN TGA cab, no sleeper, manufactured by Hubei Qixing (model PW21)
* KrAZ-N12.2-UYAR-01- road repair machine
* KrAZ-K12.2 - special purpose vehicles on H12.2 chassis
* KrAZ-5401 - production version of N12.2R with Renault Kerax cab and a methane-fueled Mercedes-Benz M906LAG engine.

## Technical characteristics

* Engine: YaMZ-536 6.65 L diesel 6 cyl. (Euro IV)
* Power: 312 PS (229 kW)
* Torque: 1230 Nm
* Transmission: mechanical 9JS150ТА
* Clutch: single disk MFZ-430
* Axle configuration: 4x2
* Payload: 13.500 kg
# Regulation CF

Regulation CF, also known as Regulation Crowdfunding or Reg CF is a section of the United States Code of Federal Regulations, in particular 17 CFR § 227 (2021) dealing with equity crowdfunding. This section of the law originated with Title III of the 2012 JOBS Act which went into effect on May 16, 2016. It was amended in November 2020, and those amendments effectively became law in 2021.
Several U.S. platforms, called funding portals, currently facilitate Reg CF investments, including SeedInvest and Wefunder.
# Kopargaon

Kopargaon is a town and municipality located in the Ahmednagar district of the Indian state of Maharashtra.

## Geography

Kopargaon is situated at 19°53′N 74°29′E﻿ / ﻿19.88°N 74.48°E﻿ / 19.88; 74.48. It has an average elevation of 593 meters (2,117 feet) and lies on the banks of the Godavari River.

## Demographics

In the India census of 2011, The town of Kopargaon had a population of 65,273, of which 51% was male and 49% female. Thirteen percent of the population is under 6 years of age. Kopargaon has a literacy rate of 69%. Male literacy is 76%, female literacy is 62%. This compares favorably with the national literacy ratio of 59.5%.
# Jonathan Cole (psychiatrist)

Jonathan Otis Cole was an American psychiatrist and the former chief of psychopharmacology at McLean Hospital. He was considered to be the “father of clinical psychopharmacology in the United States [...] internationally known for his breakthrough research on the use of drugs to treat psychiatric illnesses.”
The Cole Resource Center at McLean Hospital is named in his honor and he was the founder of the Manic-Depressive & Depressive Association (MDDA)-Boston.
Cole, the first director of the psychopharmacology research branch at the National Institute of Mental Health, died May 26, 2009, due to renal disease complications in Boston.

## Early life

Cole’s father, Arthur Harrison Cole, taught economics at Harvard University. He graduated from Milton Academy in 1942 before enrolling at Harvard College. In 1944, he enrolled at Cornell University Medical College in New York.

## Career

Cole was head of the NIMH Psychopharmacology Service Center for a decade where he “mounted a national collaborative evaluation of the efficacy of new drugs... (which) provided a prototype, a model for subsequent NIMH collaborative evaluations of the new classes of drugs: lithium as a treatment for mania, tricyclic antidepressants for depression, and the benzodiazepines for anxiety disorders. For that landmark study, Jonathan's group received psychiatry's Hofheimer award, their most prestigious award for scientific accomplishment.”
From 1967 until 1973, he was a psychiatrist and Superintendent at the Boston State Hospital.
Cole was a founder and one of the early Presidents of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP) and in 1965, receiving their first Paul Hoch Distinguished Service Award. He was secretary of the International College of Neuropsychopharmacology (CINP) from 1966 until 1969 and was awarded the CINP, Pioneers in Psychopharmacology Award in 2002.
# Southland, Texas

Southland is an unincorporated community in Garza County, Texas, United States. It lies along the eastern edge of the Llano Estacado on U.S. Route 84, twenty miles northwest of Post.

## History

Named for its location on the southern end of the V Ranch, Southland became a trade center between several area ranches with the organization of Garza County in 1907. When the Pecos and Northern Texas Railway was extended north from Sweetwater through to Lubbock in 1910, railroad authorities chose to build through Southland rather than establish a new railroad town (which had tended to be a common occurrence). As a result, the community entered a period of limited prosperity and by 1911 had been granted a post office. Southland also saw benefit from C.W. Post's colonization of the area, providing a shipping point for his utopian project community and namesake town 20 miles to the southeast, Post.
As with many small towns, however, the Great Depression had a dire effect on Southland and by 1940, the town's only bank had closed, and its population stood at 280 residents. By 1960, however, this had dropped to under 200 and half of its eleven businesses had closed their doors, as the demand for agricultural work had slowed and shifted elsewhere, forcing many Southlanders to follow. Today, Southland remains a rural farming community with an estimated 2000 population of just under 160 residents.

## Education

Southland is served by the Southland Independent School District.

## Gallery

* After a long climb, the BNSF railroad crosses the top of the Caprock Escarpment and extends onto the level plains of the Llano Estacado at Southland.
* BNSF railroad tracks running across the level plains of the Llano Estacado on the east side of Southland.
* Abandoned farm building on the northeast side of Southland.
# James Peacock (anthropologist)

James Lowe Peacock III (born 1937) is an American anthropologist.
Peacock studied psychology at Duke University, graduating with a bachelor's degree in 1959. After completing a doctorate in anthropology at Harvard University in 1965, he began teaching at Princeton University. He joined the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill faculty in 1967. Peacock received a Guggenheim fellowship in 1980, and was named Kenan Professor of Anthropology in 1987. He was president of the American Anthropological Association between 1993 and 1995. Peacock retired from the University of North Carolina in May 2015.
# Attila Fekete

Attila Fekete may refer to:
* Attila Fekete (fencer) (born 1974), Hungarian fencer
* Attila Fekete (footballer) (born 1987), Hungarian footballer
# Krimmler Ache

The Krimmler Ache is a river in the Pinzgau region of the Austrian state of Salzburg, a right tributary of the Salzach at Vorderkrimml [de], Wald im Pinzgau.
Its valley (the Krimmler Achental) forms the boundary between the Zillertal Alps in the west and the Venediger Group in the east, which belong to the High Tauern. The valley begins above the village of Krimml at the Krimml Waterfalls and runs up to its head at the Krimmlerkees on the mountain of Dreiherrenspitze (3,499 m (AA)). The Krimmler Ache itself rises at a height of about 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) at the Krimmler Törl to the valley Obersulzbachtal [ceb; de; sv] at the east.
In the upper east corner of the valley of the Krimmler Ache there is the alpine hut Warnsdorfer Hütte [de] and in the central section the Krimmler Tauernhaus [de].
* This article related to a river in Austria is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This Salzburg state location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Éric Jalton

Éric Jalton (born 16 September 1961) is a French politician from Guadeloupe who is the current mayor of Les Abymes. He previously was a member of the National Assembly of France, from 2002 to 2017 where he represented the island of Guadeloupe, and was a member of the Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche.
# 1640 in music
## Events

* January 21 – Salmacida Spolia, the final royal masque of the Caroline era, is performed at Whitehall Palace. The work features music by composer Lewis Richard.

## Publications
### Music

* Agostino Agazzari – Musicum encomium, divini nominis, simplicibus... (Rome: Vincenzo Blanco)
* Angelo Michele Bartolotti – Libro primo di chitarra spagnola, published in Florence
* Scipione Dentice – Second book of madrigali spirituali for five voices (Naples: Ottavio Beltrano)
* Giovanni Girolamo Kapsberger – Libro quarto d'intavolatura di chitarrone (Rome)

### Theory

* Pietro Della Valle – Della musica dell'età nostra che non è punto inferiore, anzi è migliore di quella dell'età passata (About the Music of our Time, which is not Worse but Better than that of Previous Ages)

## Classical music

* Claudio Monteverdi – Selva morale e spirituale, published in Venice

## Opera

* Francesco Cavalli – Gli amori d'Apollo e di Dafne
* Benedetto Ferrari – Il pastor regio, premiered in Venice
* Claudio Monteverdi – Il ritorno d'Ulisse in Patria

## Births

* January 5 – Paolo Lorenzani, composer (died 1713)
* April 4 – Gaspar Sanz, Spanish priest and composer (d. 1710)
* August 8 – Amalia Catharina, German poet and composer (d. 1697)
* November 4 – Carlo Mannelli, Italian violinist, castrato singer and composer (d. 1697)
* probable – Antonia Bembo, singer and composer (d. c. 1720)

## Deaths

* February 12 – Michael Altenburg, composer and theologian (born 1584)
* April 10 – Agostino Agazzari, Sienese composer and music theorist (born 1578)
* June – Peter Hasse, German organist and composer (b. c. 1585)
* June 29 – John Adson, musician and composer (born c. 1587)
* November – Giles Farnaby, virginalist and composer (born 1563)
* Adriana Basile, Italian composer (b. 1580)
* Francisca Duarte, Portuguese singer (b. 1595)
# Robin Johnston

Robin Johnston(e) may refer to:
* Robin Knox-Johnston, English sailor
* Robin Johnstone, British rower
* Robin Johnstone (figure skater)
# Southland Astronomical Society

The Southland Astronomical Society is the southernmost astronomical society in the world. Based in Invercargill at the southern tip of New Zealand's South Island, its small, active group of about 36 amateur astronomer members participate in a variety of astronomical activities including education with groups and school children, deep sky observing, astrophotography and aurora observation.
The society operates the Southland Astronomical Society Observatory and telescope at the Southland Museum and Art Gallery, with public viewing nights during the winter (April to September). The telescope is a fork mounted 30 cm (12 inch) diameter Cassegrain design.
The society meets monthly to discuss general astronomical topics and receive presentations of astronomical interest. The society has a small library which holds a range of astronomical texts and magazines both contemporary and historical. The society publishes a monthly newsletter for members.
# Asiadodis

Asiadodis is a genus of praying mantises native to Asia and possessing common names such as shield mantis, hood mantis (or hooded mantis), and leaf mantis (or leafy mantis) because of their extended, leaf-like thoraxes. They were formerly included in Choeradodis, a similar genus of mantis from the Americas.
The following species are recognised in the genus Asiadodis:
* Asiadodis squilla (Asian shield mantis)
* Asiadodis yunnanensis (Chinese shield mantis)
# Valette

Valette may refer to:

## People

* Aline Valette (1850–1899), French feminist and socialist
* Craig Valette (born 1982), Canadian ice hockey player
* Fanny Valette (born 1986), French actress
* Jean Valette [fr]
* Jean Parisot de Valette (1495–1568), French nobleman and 49th Grand Master of the Order of Malta
* Michel Valette (1928–2016), French actor and writer
* Pierre Adolphe Valette (1876–1942), French Impressionist painter
* Spyridon Valettas (1779-1843), Greek politician

## Other uses

* Valette, Cantal, a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France
* Oral contraceptive produced by Jenapharm containing ethinylestradiol and dienogest
# Atuna elliptica

Atuna elliptica is a species of plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae. It is endemic to Fiji.
# Antonee

Antonee is a given name. Notable people with this name include the following:
* Antonee Burke-Gilroy (born 1997), English-born-Australian footballer
* Antonee Robinson (born 1997), American footballer
# Baiyina (The Clear Evidence)

Baiyina (The Clear Evidence) (subtitled A psychedelic excursion through the magical mysteries of the Koran) is the fourth album by guitarist Pat Martino recorded in 1968 and released on the Prestige label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Scott Yanow of Allmusic states, "Pat Martino's fourth of five Prestige albums contains plenty of intriguing music... The use of Indian instruments, drones, and unusual time signatures (including 7/4, 9/4, and 10/8) gives the performances the flavor of early fusion, and some of the effects sound a bit dated. However, the results were not overtly commercial, and the leader gets in several noteworthy improvisations".
The authors of the Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings wrote: "A whiff of incense and patchouli oil, but Martino's own playing stays tough."
Shaun Brady, writing for NPR, stated that the album was evidence that Martino was "stretching further into new inspirations," and that it "forged a kind of impassioned transcendentalism, merging his fervent soloing and muscular swing with meditative drones."
In an article for All About Jazz, Ian Patterson wrote: "Martino... navigates the unusual time signatures with attacking lines that owe more to Coltrane and Shankar than Wes Montgomery.... It is... a fascinating insight into Martino's evolution and stands as a unique entry in his discography."

## Track listing

All compositions by Pat Martino
* "Baiyina" – 11:54
* "Where Love's a Grown Up God" – 6:35
* "Israfel" – 6:18
* "Distant Land" – 13:08

## Personnel

* Pat Martino – guitar
* Gregory Herbert – alto saxophone, flute
* Khalil Balakrishna – tambura
* Bobby Rose – guitar
* Richard Davis – bass
* Charlie Persip – drums
* Reggie Ferguson – tabla

### Production

* Don Schlitten – producer
* Richard Alderson – engineer
# Anopina condata

Anopina condata is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Veracruz, Mexico.
# Rocky Island, South China Sea

Rocky Island (simplified Chinese: 石岛; traditional Chinese: 石島; pinyin: Shí Dǎo; lit. 'stone island'; Vietnamese: Đảo Đá) is one of the Paracel Islands in the South China Sea. It is under the administration of the People's Republic of China and guarded by the PLA Navy. The island is also claimed by Taiwan and Vietnam.

## Geography

Until 2016–2017, Rocky Island was connected to Woody Island by an 800-metre concrete causeway. Land reclamation in 2016-2017 has joined the two islands by a larger area of land. The north part of causeway is now part of an infill construction project while the south end provides protection of the roadway from the sea.

## History

A signals intelligence station was built on Rocky Island in 1995, mainly because the island is the highest point in the Paracel Islands.
# Spanish Tripoli

Part of a series on the :
History of Libya :
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Tripoli, today the capital city of Libya, was a presidio of the Spanish Empire in North Africa between 1510 and 1530. The city was captured by Spanish forces in July 1510, and for the next two decades it was administered as an outpost which fell under the jurisdiction of the Spanish Viceroy of Sicily. The city was granted as a fief to the Knights Hospitaller in 1530, and the latter ruled the city until 1551.

## History

Tripoli was captured by a Spanish force led by Count Pedro Navarro in 1510, and most of the city's population was killed, enslaved or displaced in the process. The Spanish subsequently encouraged Christian settlers to repopulate the city, although these attempts were largely unsuccessful. The Spanish later also encouraged Muslim former inhabitants to return to Tripoli, and they permitted the sheikh who had been exiled to Sicily to return. These efforts were also fruitless.
Spanish control of the city and its hinterland remained tenuous and it was never fully secured. Their authority was only intermittently present in areas located within 10 miles (16 km) of the city. An attack on the city was planned by Barbary pirates in 1512, and it was further threatened after Oruç Reis and Hayreddin Barbarossa captured Algiers from Spain in 1515. The sheikh escaped to Tajura in 1526, which subsequent became a base for Muslim resistance against Spanish rule. The Spanish made some repair works to Tripoli's castle by taking stonework from the city's fortifications, but the defences were otherwise neglected.
After the Knights Hospitaller were expelled from their base in Rhodes during an Ottoman siege in 1522, they entered negotiations with Spanish Emperor Charles V who offered them Tripoli and the islands of Malta and Gozo as their new base. A delegation sent by the Hospitallers produced a report which stated that these locations were unfavourable, and they were reluctant to accept both Tripoli and the Maltese Islands because of the distance between them and the considerable expenses that would be necessary to maintain them.
The Hospitallers eventually accepted Tripoli, Malta and Gozo as a fief on 23 March 1530, and they took control of the city on 25 July. Tripoli remained under Hospitaller rule until 1551, when it was captured by the Ottoman Empire.

## Government

Tripoli was administered by a Governor, and it fell under the jurisdiction of the Viceroy of Sicily.

## Economy

While Tripoli was under Spanish rule, some trade between Europe and Africa flowed through the city, but it was very limited. The main source of revenue for the Spanish administration was a poll tax on the importation of slaves.
# Asiamoeba

Asiamoeba is a subgenus of the genus Plasmodium - all of which are parasitic unicellular eukaryotes. The subgenus was created by Telford in 1988. Species in this subgenus infect lizards.

## Diagnostic features

Species in the subgenus Asiamoeba have the following characteristics:
The schizonts and gametocytes are greatly disparate in size (4 to 15 times).

## Species in this subgenus

* Plasmodium draconis
* Plasmodium lionatum
* Plasmodium vastator
# Histagonia

Histagonia is a monotypic genus of South African comb-footed spiders containing the single species, Histagonia deserticola. It was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1895, and is found in South Africa.
# James Melka

James David Melka (born January 15, 1962) is a former linebacker in the National Football League (NFL).

## Biography

Melka was born on January 15, 1962, in West Allis, Wisconsin. He attended West Allis Central High School where he was an All-America running back.

## Career

Melka played at the collegiate level at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and was named to the All-Big Ten team twice. He was drafted in the twelfth round of the 1985 NFL draft by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers but broke his navicular bone in his wrist playing in a pickup basketball game. He was placed on waivers on August 19, 1985, and would later go on to be a member of the Green Bay Packers.
# Lena Samuelsson

Lena Samuelsson is a Swedish ski-orienteering competitor. She won a bronze medal in the classic distance at the 1975 World Ski Orienteering Championships in Hyvinkää, and a silver medal in the relay.
# Kriss Kross

Kriss Kross may refer to:
* Kris Kross, an early 1990s rap/hip hop duo best known for their 1992 hit song "Jump"
* A variation of a Fill-In word puzzle
* "Kriss Kross" (song), a 2008 single by multinational band Guillemots