OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gavin Pretor-Pinney

Gavin Edmund Pretor-Pinney is a British author, known for his books The Cloudspotter's Guide and The Wavewatcher's Companion.

## Early life and education

Pretor-Pinney is son of Anthony Robert Edmund Pretor-Pinney and Laura Uppercu, daughter of George Winthrop Haight, of Manhattan, observer for the American Bar Association and a specialist in international law. The Pretor-Pinney family were landowners at Somerton, Somerset since the 1800s, descendants of the sugar merchant and Mayor of Bristol Charles Pinney; Anthony Pretor-Pinney had Somerton Erleigh, named for the family's former house on a different part of the estate, built in 1972–3.
Pretor-Pinney attended Westminster School, the University of Oxford, and Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design.

## Career

He co-founded the magazine The Idler and founded the Cloud Appreciation Society in 2004. He grew up in West London and now also lives in Somerton, Somerset.

## Awards and honours

* 2011 Royal Society Winton Prize for Science Books, winner, The Wavewatcher's Companion

## Works

* The Cloudspotter's Guide (2006)
* The Cloud Collector's Handbook (2006)
* A Pig with Six Legs and Other Clouds (2007)
* The Wavewatcher's Companion (2010)
* The Ukulele Handbook (September 2013; co-written with Tom Hodgkinson)
* A Cloud A Day (2019)

## Television appearances

* Presented on BBC TV: Cloudspotting
* Appeared on BBC TV: The Secret Life of Waves
# The Last Samurai (disambiguation)

The Last Samurai is a 2003 film.
The Last Samurai may also refer to:
* The Last Samurai (1974 film)
* Mifune: The Last Samurai, a 2015 documentary
* Oba: The Last Samurai, 2011 drama
* The Last Samurai (novel)
* "The Last Samurai", the first episode of Knife or Death
* Saigō Takamori, dubbed "the last true samurai"
# General Warner

General Warner may refer to:
* James M. Warner (1836–1897), Union Army brevet brigadier general
* Volney F. Warner (1926–2019), U.S. Army four-star general
* Willard Warner (1826–1906), Union Army brevet brigadier general
* William Warner (Conservative politician) (1867–1950) was a British Indian Army brigadier general
# Gayle Porter Hoskins

Gayle Porter Hoskins (July 20, 1887 – January 14, 1962) was an American illustrator. Hoskins began his training at the Chicago Art Institute and later studied under Howard Pyle in Wilmington, Delaware.

## Life and art

He was born in Brazil, Indiana to William "Pica" Thompson Hoskins, a sheet-music dealer, and Madge Porter Hoskins in 1887. The family moved to Denver, Colorado five years later. About 1901, he began publishing cartoons in the Denver Post. Three years later his mother died and the family moved back east to Chicago. Hoskins then studied at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago and studied under Charles Francis Browne, Frank Phoenix, Thomas Wood Stevens, and John Vanderpoel. He began working for Marshall Field and Company as a mural designer and published illustrations in Redbook in 1907.
Howard Pyle invited Hoskins to study at Pyle's school in Wilmington in 1907. Hoskins studied there until 1910 under Pyle and later under Frank Schoonover. He became a nationally known illustrator by 1918 publishing in Harper's Weekly, Good Housekeeping, Liberty, Saturday Evening Post, Cosmopolitan, and other magazines.
Hoskins married his first wife, Kathleen, in 1909. After a divorce, he married Alene Rollo on May 14, 1925. The couple moved into 1616 Rodney Street, a building of four combined art studios and apartments, now listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
For financial reasons he began working for pulp magazines after the Crash of 1929. His illustrations appeared on the covers of Western Story, Complete Stories, Top-Notch, Sure-Fire Western, Super Western, and Western Trails. After 1938 he stopped publishing in the pulps, preferring portraits and historical subjects instead.

## Gallery

* Ladies Home Journal Magazine Cover January 1919 <actual hard copy of magazine>
* Ladies Home Journal Magazine Cover March 1919
# The Jordan Rules (book)

The Jordan Rules: The Inside Story of a Turbulent Season with Michael Jordan and the Chicago Bulls is a 1991 book by Sam Smith, chronicling the Chicago Bulls' 1990–91 championship season. The book takes its name from the "Jordan Rules" strategies used by the Detroit Pistons at the time to limit Michael Jordan's effectiveness.

## Background

When Smith initially proposed the idea of writing a book about a Chicago Bulls' season to potential publishers, there was no interest in it. Smith states that he got "90% rejection letters" due to a notion that though Jordan was a great player, he had not won anything important and that the Bulls were irrelevant. After more failed attempts to sell the book on his own, he then hired an agent and was able to find one to publish Smith's book.

## Reception

The book was released on November 13, 1991, and became a New York Times bestseller, selling about 200,000 copies by 1995.
The book generated controversy for its sometimes unflattering depiction of Michael Jordan and its discussions of infighting within the team. Among other things, it claims that Jordan once punched Will Perdue and deliberately threw hard-to-catch passes to Bill Cartwright to expose Cartwright's deficiencies. Bulls players largely criticized the book upon its release. Jordan said, "I'm going to laugh at it and keep moving. We as a team know what the truths are." His teammate Stacey King remarked, "I think this is going to be one of the best fictional stories since Mother Goose. It's sick."
Defending himself, Smith wrote, "This book is about basketball and what happens within a team and a league that draws the attention of millions. It's an attempt to allow people to look behind those closed curtains of sport. And find what? Human beings with everyday emotions trying to do their highly visible jobs as well as they can and confront the obstacles of their relationships and their very lucrative, very public profession."
In 1995, Smith wrote another book about Jordan and the Bulls, called Second Coming: The Strange Odyssey of Michael Jordan: From Courtside to Home Plate and Back Again.
# The Last Separation

The Last Separation (最后一次分手), aka Vicki's New and Best, is a 2001 album by mainland Chinese pop singer Zhao Wei. The title song is based on her break-up with her boyfriend and was written by Taiwanese romance writer Chiung Yao.

## Track listing
### Disc Two

Bonus Collection of 1999 albums.
# The Living Christ: The Testimony of the Apostles

"The Living Christ: The Testimony of the Apostles" is a 2000 restatement of doctrine of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

## Description

The document is a one-page declaration that was issued on January 1, 2000 and was signed by the fifteen apostles in the LDS Church: the three members of the First Presidency and the members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. The declaration commemorates the birth of Jesus and is a reaffirmation of church doctrines and teachings about him. The text includes quotations of significant scriptural passages from the Bible and other LDS Church scriptures and identifies Jesus as the Jehovah of the Old Testament and Messiah of the New Testament.
According to the LDS Church, the document is meant to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ approximately two millennia prior.

## Contents

Although the Proclamation presents no new doctrines, it provides an official statement of the church on Jesus. Throughout the work are titles of Jesus and descriptions of what He has done for humankind.

### Titles of Jesus

* Jesus Christ
* Jehovah of the Old Testament
* Messiah of the New Testament
* Creator
* Firstborn of the Father
* Only Begotten Son in the flesh
* Firstfruits of them that slept
* Redeemer of the world
* Risen Lord
* Living Christ
* The First and the Last
* Advocate with the father
* King of Kings
* Lord of Lords
* Immortal Son of God
* King Immanuel
* The light, the life, and the hope of the world

## Use and purpose

Since it was issued, the document has been frequently featured in church magazines and publications. One commentator has suggested that "the document may have been created to strengthen LDS Christian claims." The church encourages its members to place a copy in their homes and to study it often.

## Signatures

The document was signed by the following individuals:
* Gordon B. Hinckley (First Presidency)
* Thomas S. Monson (First Presidency)
* James E. Faust (First Presidency)
* Boyd K. Packer (Quorum of the Twelve)
* L. Tom Perry (Quorum of the Twelve)
* David B. Haight (Quorum of the Twelve)
* Neal A. Maxwell (Quorum of the Twelve)
* Russell M. Nelson (Quorum of the Twelve)
* Dallin H. Oaks (Quorum of the Twelve)
* M. Russell Ballard (Quorum of the Twelve)
* Joseph B. Wirthlin (Quorum of the Twelve)
* Richard G. Scott (Quorum of the Twelve)
* Robert D. Hales (Quorum of the Twelve)
* Jeffrey R. Holland (Quorum of the Twelve)
* Henry B. Eyring (Quorum of the Twelve)
# General Payne

General Payne may refer to:
* Elisha Payne (1731–1807), Vermont Militia major general
* Frederick R. Payne Jr. (1911–2015), U.S. Marine Corps brigadier general
* Morris B. Payne (1885–1961), Connecticut National Guard major general
* William H. F. Payne (1830–1904), Confederate States Army brigadier general
# The Living Sisters

The Living Sisters is a female folk group consisting of Alex Lilly, Inara George, Becky Stark and Eleni Mandell. The members began collaborating in 2006 during breaks from their other projects. In 2009 they began recordings for their first album Love To Live, which was finished and released in 2010.
In March 2011, the video for "How Are You Doing" which was directed by Michel Gondry was released.

## Discography

* Love to Live (2010)
* Run for Cover (2013)
* Harmony is Real: Songs for a Happy Holiday (2014)
# House Springs, Missouri

House Springs is an unincorporated community in Jefferson County, Missouri, United States. It is located just off Route 30, at the intersection with Routes MM and W near Byrnes Mill.
A post office has been in operation at House Springs since 1833. The community is named after Adam House, who settled there ca. 1795, and who was killed near a spring by Native Americans.
The Valentine Leight General Store and Moder Archeological District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## Education

Northwest R-I School District serves House Springs. House Springs Elementary School is in the area. Northwest High School in Cedar Hill is the local high school.
Our Lady Queen of Peace School of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of St. Louis was established circa 1967. Enrollment was around 200 in the beginning of the 2000s. By 2018-2019 it was down to 57, and by 2019-2020 it was down to 46. In the last several years each teacher had to cover two grade levels.
# House Treaty of Gera

The House Treaty of Gera was a House law of the House of Hohenzollern on the succession in Brandenburg and in the Franconian territories at the end of the sixteenth century binding rules. The Treaty and came about because Elector John George of Brandenburg had violated the requirements made in Dispositio Achillea in his will. In these provisions, the indivisibility of the Mark of Brandenburg has been prescribed as a mandatory principle of succession. John George, however, had stipulated his will that part of the Neumark and Krosno Odrzańskie should be separated from the Mark and given to his two younger sons.

## History

Immediately after John George's death in 1598, his eldest son and successor, Elector Joachim Frederick contested the will and consulted with Margrave George Frederick I. He was the last descendant of the elder branch of the Franconian Hohenzollerns and ruled the two margraviates of Brandenburg-Ansbach and Brandenburg-Kulmbach. George Frederick had no offspring of his own. This consultation led to the House Treaty of Gera: Joachim Frederick would inherit the whole Mark of Brandenburg (immediately) and his younger brothers would inherit the Franconian principalities (after George Frederick's death). The younger brothers had to renounce their claims that were based on John George's invalid will.
After the House Treaty of Gera was finally accepted by all parties concerned, it was ratified on 29 April 1599 in Magdeburg. The most important paragraph of the agreement was that each Elector of Brandenburg should always inherit the entire and undivided Mark, because this was considered an integral part of the Electoral dignity. The indivisibility of the Mark of Brandenburg that was already prescribed in the Dispositio Achillea, was renewed and reaffirmed. John George's younger sons were compensated with the succession of the Franconian possessions of the Hohenzollerns. After George Frederick's death, they would receive both his Margraviates as hereditary secundogenitures. To decide who would inherit which principality, they would have to draw lots among themselves, as had been the practice before the Dispositio Achillea.
# The Hermit of Treig

The Hermit of Treig is a Scottish documentary film, directed by Lizzie MacKenzie and produced by Naomi Spiro. The film is a portrait of Ken Smith, an elderly man who has spent 40 years living in relative isolation in a cabin on the shores of Loch Treig in the Scottish Highlands.
The film premiered on 5 March 2022 at the Glasgow Film Festival, with Smith in attendance as his first time visiting Glasgow in decades. It was released commercially on 25 March.

## Awards

It won the audience award at the Glasgow Film Festival and the Audience Award for most popular film in the Spectrum program at the 2022 Vancouver International Film Festival.
It won the award for Best Single Documentary at the 2022 British Academy Scotland Awards.
# Upemba National Park

Upemba National Park (French: Parc national d'Upemba) is a large national park in Haut-Lomami, Lualaba Province & Haut-Katanga Province (formerly in Katanga Province) of the southeastern Democratic Republic of Congo, formerly Zaire.

## Geography

At the time of the creation of Upemba National Park, on 15 May 1939, the park had a surface area of 17,730 square kilometres (6,850 sq mi). It was the largest park in Africa. In July 1975, the limits were revised and today the integral park has an area of 10,000 square kilometres (3,900 sq mi) with an annex of a further 3,000 square kilometres (1,200 sq mi).
Its lower section is located in the Upemba Depression, a lush area of lakes and marshes including the eponymous Lake Upemba, and bordered by the Lualaba River. Its higher section is in the dryer Kibara Plateau mountains.

## History

Upemba National Park was first established in 1939. As with much of the wildlife of the region, in contemporary times the park continues to be threatened by the activities of poachers, pollution, and the activities of refugees and militia.
There are also a handful of villages in the park. In recent years, the park has come under considerable attack from poachers and local militias. On 28 May 2004, for instance, the park headquarters in Lusinga came under attack by the Mai Mai militia. Several wardens and their families were killed, the headquarters were burned down, and the family of the chief warden was taken hostage.
On 1 June 2005, the protectors of the park received the Abraham Conservation Award for their role in protecting the rich biodiversity of the Congo River basin.
In January 2023, the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo launched an operation against Mai Mai Kata Katanga rebels who were hiding in the Kundelungu and Upemba National Parks.

## Habitat

The habitat of the park varies from Afromontane grasslands and forests at higher altitudes in the Kibara Mountains; through Miombo woodlands and tropical rainforests; to marshes, wetlands, lakes, and streams with riparian zones at the lower altitudes. It is home to some 1,800 different species, some of them discovered as late as 2003.
Lake Upemba has a maximum depth reported to be only 3.2 metres (10 ft) and it is a site of intense algae growth. The watercourses of the region fluctuate according to the season and the water level in the lakes is high from March to June, and low from October to January. Many of the bodies of the water in the area are characterized by extensive swamps, with papyrus, Nile lettuce and water caltrop among other species.

### Fauna

The system of lakes, rivers, swamps and wetlands supports a variety of fish fauna. This includes over 30 species of Cyprinidae, Mormyridae (also known as freshwater elephant fish), Barbus, Alestidae, Mochokidae and Cichlidae.
Bird species include several threatened or endangered species, such as the shoebill, wattled crane and spotted ground-thrush.
Schmidt's snouted frog is only known from the park.
# Gary Langley

Gareth (Gary) "Gaz"/"Gazza"/"Lang" Langley (born 24 October 1984) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played for the Salford City Reds and St. Helens in the Super League before moving on to Oldham. He was by preference a wing, and could kick goals. He made one first-grade appearance in St Helens' 26-22 defeat away to the Catalans Dragons in the 2006 Super League XI, a game in which Saints rested several of their regular first-team squad in preparation for their 2006 Challenge Cup Final with the Huddersfield Giants. In this game, he scored one try and kicked three goals. He moved to Oldham in 2006.
# Kevin's Law

Kevin's Law (as referred to in Representative Anna Eshoo's introduction of the law in 2005 and in the 2008 documentary Food, Inc.; formally known as the Meat and Poultry Pathogen Reduction and Enforcement Act of 2003, H.R. 2203) was proposed legislation that would have given the United States Department of Agriculture the power to close down plants that produce contaminated meat.
Kevin's Law was nicknamed in memory of two-year-old Kevin Kowalcyk of Colorado, who died in 2001 after developing hemolytic-uremic syndrome due to eating a hamburger contaminated with E. coli O157:H7.
The bill was reintroduced by Rep. Anna G. Eshoo, D-Palo Alto, as H.R. 3160, in the 109th Congress. This bill never became law, as it was referred to committee but never reported on.
In 2011, President Barack Obama signed into law the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA), introduced by Rep. Betty Sutton. The FSMA contains key elements of Kevin's Law.
Kevin's Law would strengthen the U.S. government's ability to prevent contaminated meat and poultry from entering the food supply by:
* Requiring the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) to identify the pathogens that threaten human health (e.g., Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes).
* Requiring the USDA to establish performance standards to reduce the presence of these pathogens in meat and poultry.
* Confirming that the USDA has the authority to enforce its own standards by shutting down plants that continually breach basic health standards. Courts have held that the USDA does not have this authority in the absence of explicit authorizing legislation.
# Rebirthing

Rebirthing may refer to:
* Attachment therapy (also called rebirthing), a pseudoscientific child mental health intervention
* "Rebirthing" (song), a song by the Christian rock band Skillet
* Rebirthing, a breathwork process described as releasing suppressed traumatic childhood memories
# Pobrežje, Videm

Pobrežje (pronounced) is a settlement south of Ptuj in the Municipality of Videm in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
In fields around the settlement remains of Roman-era graves and a structure, probably a villa rustica, have been found. The extent of the site has yet to be determined.
# Hypocrita horaeoides

Hypocrita horaeoides is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Hervé de Toulgoët in 1988. It is found in Ecuador.
# Ilan

Ilan may refer to:

## Organization

* ILAN, Israeli umbrella organization for the treatment of disabled children

## Given name

* Ilan (name), a Hebrew/Israeli name
* Ilan Bakhar, a retired Israeli footballer
* Ilan Araújo Dall'Igna, a Brazilian footballer
* Ilan Gilon, an Israeli politician
* Ilan Halevi, a Jewish-Palestinian journalist and politician
* Ilan Pappé, an Israeli historian and socialist
* Ilan Ramon, an Israeli fighter pilot in the Israeli Air Force and first Israeli astronaut
* Ilan Shalgi, an Israeli lawyer
* Ilan Volkov, an Israeli orchestral conductor

## Surname

* Meir Bar-Ilan, Orthodox rabbi and leader of Religious Zionism
* Menachem Ilan (born 1960), Israeli Olympic sport shooter
* Uri Ilan, Israeli soldier who committed suicide in a Syrian prison

## Places

* Bar-Ilan University, a university in Ramat Gan, Israel
* Neve Ilan, a moshav shitufi in central Israel, west of Jerusalem
* Ilan (county) (Yilan), a county in Taiwan
* Ilan (city) (Yilan), capital of the county of Ilan (Yilan) in Taiwan
* Ilan, Fars, a village in Iran
* Ilan, Qazvin, a village in Iran
# Upelluri

Upelluri or Ubelluri was a primordial giant in Hurrian mythology.
He is only known from the Song of Ullikummi, which is one of the few Hurrian texts offering a view of this culture's cosmology. It was believed that Upelluri was already alive during the separation of heaven and earth, which were placed on his back, and that he lived in the "Dark Earth," the Hurrian underworld. His name ends with the Hurrian suffix -luri, known also from the names of the mountain goddess Lelluri and Impaluri, sukkal (attendant deity) of the sea god Kiaše, as well as a number of Hurrian mountain and stone names.
In the Song of Ullikummi, known from poorly preserved fragments of a Hurrian original and a more complete Hittite translation, the eponymous monster is placed on his right shoulder by Irširra (perhaps to be identified as goddesses of nursing and midwifery), the servants of Kumarbi, to let him grow away from sight of allies of Kumarbi's enemy Teshub, such as the sun god Šimige. Later the god Ea seeks him out in order to find out how to defeat Ullikummi, and asks him if he is aware of the identity of the monster growing on his back. As it turns out, Upelluri did not notice the new burden at first, but eventually he starts to feel discomfort, something that according to this text he did not experience even during the separation of heaven and earth. The rest of the tablet is broken, and the next preserved scene does not feature Upelluri anymore.
It has been pointed out that the later Greek Atlas plays a cosmological role similar to that of Upelluri.
# Thinopteryx crocoptera

Thinopteryx crocoptera is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Vincenz Kollar in 1844. It is found in eastern Asia, including Japan, Thailand, Myanmar and Malaysia.

## Description

The wingspan is 51–64 mm. Body orange yellow. Head and collar white, irrorated (sprinkled) with fuscous. Wings with numerous orange strigae more or less combined into patches. Forewings with white costa, irrorated with fuscous. Antemedial and postmedial oblique fuscous line present, sometimes slightly curved. There is a fuscous line found on the discocellulars. A submarginal more or less lunulate line present, often reduced to a series of specks towards costa. Hindwings with a fuscous line on discocellulars. A double submarginal line angled at base of tail. A fuscous patch can be seen on tail.

## Subspecies

* Thinopteryx crocoptera crocoptera
* Thinopteryx crocoptera striolata (Japan)
* Thinopteryx crocoptera assamensis Swinhoe, 1916 (Thailand, Taiwan)
* Thinopteryx crocoptera erythrosticta