OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Latino American Dawah Organization

The Latino American Dawah Organization (LADO) is a grassroots organization founded in September 1997 by a handful of Latino converts to Islam in New York City. The idea began with Samantha Sanchez who then recruited the help of Juan Alvarado and Saraji Umm Zaid and the group was formed. Later, the group leadership transferred to Juan Jose Galvan. The organization's name was selected to express LADO's ethnic and religious identity as Latinos/Hispanics and as Muslims. LADO also wanted to emphasize that this would be an Islamic organization whose primary purpose would be dawah and education to Latinos. Today, the Latino American Dawah Organization is known by most Muslims as simply "LADO" and as "The LADO Group." In Spanish, LADO is known as "El Grupo LADO." The acronym LADO means 'side' in Spanish. The motto of the Latino American Dawah Organization is "¡A su LADO!" (meaning "At your side!").

## LADO's activities

LADO members seek to aid all Muslims and non-Muslims by sharing Islam as expressed in its mission statement. LADO disseminates Islam by providing Islamic literature in the form of books, brochures, and other media in English, Spanish and whenever possible, Portuguese. Because few materials are available to the Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking communities, LADO emphasizes this aspect of Islamic dawah. In addition to educating anyone about Islam, LADO will also guide whom they can to the right resources. LADO is committed to attending, visiting, and working with mosques, attending special Islamic events, interfaith talks, various lectures, translating existing literature, and writing articles and editorials among other things. Through these initiatives, LADO has not only become a network among Latino Muslims, but has also become a liaison between Latino Muslims and the general Muslim community.
# Lars Moe

Lars Moe (born 30 April 1951) is a Norwegian veterinarian and university administrator.
He was born in Sandefjord and took the dr.scient. degree in 1986. He was hired at the Norwegian School of Veterinary Science in 1978, became professor in 1998, and was rector there from 2002. He stepped down in 2010 and his former deputy, Yngvild Wasteson, took over.
# Sibla v. Commissioner

Sibla v. Commissioner, 611 F.2d 1260 (9th Cir. 1980), was an important income tax case regarding 26 U.S.C.S. § 162(a).

## Background
### Facts

Petitioner firefighter taxpayers were required to participate in a mandatory organized mess at their station house and to pay for the station house meals even when their duties took them away from the station at mess time.

### Tax return

Petitioners claimed the cost of the meals as business deductions under 26 U.S.C.S. § 162(a). Respondent Commissioner of Internal Revenue disallowed the deductions.

### Tax court

The tax court overruled respondent and allowed the deduction

### Issues

Respondent Commissioner of Internal Revenue, in consolidated cases, appealed the judgments from the United States Tax Court, which held that under 26 U.S.C.S. § 162(a), petitioner firefighter taxpayers could deduct the amount that their employer charged them for their meals under its mandatory organized mess. Respondent claimed that the charge was a nondeductible personal expense under 26 U.S.C.S. § 262.

## Opinion of the court

On appeal, the court found that petitioners' participation in the organized mess was not voluntary, that the charge for the meals equaled the value of the meals, that the mandatory mess was for the convenience of the employer as part of its integration program, and that the employer did not reimburse petitioners for meals that they were not able to eat at the station. Thus, the expenses of the mess were not nondeductible living expenses under 26 U.S.C.S. § 262, but were either deductible business expenses under § 162(a) or were employer-furnished meals that were excludable from income under 26 U.S.C.S. § 119. Therefore, the court affirmed the judgments.
The court affirmed the judgments allowing petitioner firefighter taxpayers to deduct the amount that they paid for their meals as part of their employer's mandatory organized mess. The court held that because the payment was involuntary whether or not petitioners ate their meals at the mess, petitioners could deduct the cost as business expenses or exclude it from income as meals furnished by their employer for the employer's convenience.
# Shut-In Ridge Trail Run

The Shut-In Ridge Trail Run / Race is a 17.8 mile endurance running event that takes place in the mountains near Asheville, NC. The route begins in the North Carolina Arboretum and ascends approximately 5,000 feet, with a finish line at the top of Mt. Pisgah. The last two miles are steep and technical, to such an extreme that observers may see "runners hanging on to trees to keep from falling backward".

## History

The Shut-In Ridge Trail Run event officially began in December 1980 when 64 runners ran the same 17.8 mile route that George Vanderbilt used to get from his Asheville mansion (Biltmore Estate) to his mountaintop hunting lodge. Shut-In Ridge is among the oldest running events in the USA.
# Shut 'Em Down

Shut 'Em Down may refer to:
* Shut 'Em Down (album), an album by rap group Onyx
** "Shut 'em Down" (Onyx song), the title song
* "Shut 'Em Down" (Public Enemy song), 1991
* "Shut 'Em Down" (LL Cool J song), 2000
* "Shut 'Em Down 2002", a song by Busta Rhymes from the 2001 album Genesis (Busta Rhymes album)
# Lichterfelde

Lichterfelde may refer to:
* Lichterfelde (Berlin), a locality in the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf in Berlin, Germany
* Lichterfelde West, an elegant residential area in Berlin
* Lichterfelde, Saxony-Anhalt, a municipality in the Stendhal District, Germany
* Lichterfelde, a village within the Schorfheide municipality in Brandenburg, Germany
* VfB Lichterfelde, a defunct football club from the Lichterfelde district of Berlin
# Iggy Jones

Ignatius "Iggy" Jones (c. 1927 – 4 September 1992) was a Gaelic footballer who is now considered one of the greats of Tyrone football. He was part of the breakthrough Tyrone team that won back-to-back Ulster Championships in 1956 and 1957 – they had not won a championship prior to that. He also represented Ireland in an exhibition series versus the combined Universities.
His main asset was his ability to solo run at great length, before setting up a team mate, or scoring himself. Along with players such as Frankie Donnelly, he was one of the first generation of Tyrone players to make an impact on the All-Ireland stage.
He was listed by Eoghan Corry, in his book, The GAA Book of Lists, as one of eleven great players never to win an All-Ireland crown.
He first made his name as a schoolboy in the first ever Hogan Cup final – an unorthodox place for a player to cement a reputation. He was playing for St. Patrick's, Armagh, against St. Jarliath's, Tuam. His personal scoring tally was 3–4, out of Armagh's 3–12, inspiring them to a four-point victory.
His mark on the school's competition has been rewarded by having the MacRory Cup matches' Man of the Match award named after him.
A schoolteacher, he served as Headmaster of Presentation Brothers , Dungannon. The "Iggy Jones Room" at O'Neill Park, in Dungannon, is named in his honour.
# Aequatorium lepidotum

Aequatorium lepidotum is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Ecuador, where it grows in high Andean forest and shrubland.
# Sálin hans Jóns míns

Sálin hans Jóns míns (literally The Soul of Jón) is an Icelandic folklore legend.
# Invitation (EP)

Invitation is the debut extended play by Korean-American singer Ailee. It was released via YMC Entertainment on October 16, 2012. Two singles were promoted off of the EP: "Heaven" was released on February 9, 2012, while "I Will Show You" was released in conjunction with Invitation on October 16.

## Background and release

The mini album contains 6 tracks. Production of Invitation was handled by Kim Do-hoon, Lee Hyun-seung, Park Guen-tae, Duble Sidekick, Wheesung, and featured artists such as Verbal Jint, Swings and Simon D.
Commercially, Invitation peaked at number ten on the Gaon Album Chart and sold 10,555 copies by 2014. "I Will Show You" debuted at number six on South Korea's Gaon Digital Chart, before peaking at number three two weeks later. It additionally debuted at number two on the K-pop Hot 100, where it charted at for two consecutive weeks.

## Promotions and live performances

On February 6, the music video teaser for Ailee's debut song, "Heaven", was released. "Heaven" was written and produced by Wheesung. On February 9, Ailee released the song and the music video, which featured Beast's Lee Gi-kwang. Later that day, she made her debut stage performance of "Heaven" on M Countdown, and then on Show! Music Core on February 11.
On October 16, Ailee released her music video for her title track of the mini album, "I'll Show You", which featured MBLAQ's G.O. In addition to the music video, she also released her mini album called Invitation. On October 18, Ailee made her comeback with "I'll Show You" on M Countdown. On November 23, Ailee won her first music show award on Music Bank for "I'll Show You". On December 7, 2012, Ailee began follow up promotions with "Evening Sky" on Music Bank.

## Charts and sales
### Album charts

| Chart (2012) | Peak position |
| South Korean Weekly Albums (Gaon) | 10 |
| South Korean Monthly Albums (Gaon) | 26 |

### Sales

| Chart | Sales |
| South Korea (Gaon) | 10,555 |
# Shinnosuke Furumoto

Shinnosuke Furumoto (古本 新乃輔 (古本 新之輔), Furumoto Shinnosuke, born December 13, 1969) is a Japanese actor and voice actor from Fuchu, Tokyo. He also performed the opening for the anime Sorcerer Hunters with Megumi Hayashibara in which he voiced the main character. He also performed an insert song for the anime H2 as he voiced the main character as well.

## Filmography

* F (1988) as Tamotsu Oishi
* Jungle Emperor (1989) as Leo
* Ranma ½ (1989) as Pantyhose Taro and Genji Heita
* Urusei Yatsura: Always My Darling (1991) as Rio
* H2 (1995) as Hiro Kunimi
* Junkers Come Here (1995) as Junkers
* Kuma no Pūtarō (1995) as Putaro
* Sorcerer Hunters (1995) as Carrot Glace
* Haunted Junction (1997) as Kazumi "Kazuo" Ryudo
* Arcade Gamer Fubuki (2002) as Arashi

## TV Drama roles

* Code Blue as Ooyama Tsuneo (Mary Jane Yoko)
# Shinnosuke (given name)

Shinnosuke (written: 真之介, 慎之介, 慎之助, 新之介, 新之助, 新乃輔, 槙之輔, 進之介, 伸之介 or 眞之亮) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Shinnosuke Abe (阿部 慎之助, born 1979), Japanese baseball player
* Shinnosuke Furumoto (古本 新乃輔, born 1969), Japanese voice actor
* Shinnosuke Hatanaka (畠中 槙之輔, born 1995), Japanese footballer
* Shinnosuke Honda (本田 慎之介, born 1990), Japanese footballer
* Ichikawa Shinnosuke (市川 新之助), a stage name taken on by a series of Kabuki actors of the Ichikawa family
* Shinnosuke Kakinaga (垣永 真之介, born 1991), Japanese rugby union player
* Katsura Shinnosuke (桂 伸乃介, 1952–2020), Japanese rakugoka
* Shinnosuke Mitsushima (満島 真之介, born 1989), Japanese actor
* Shinnosuke Nakatani (中谷 進之介, born 1996), Japanese footballer
* Nakayama Shinnosuke (中山 眞之亮, 1866–1914), the first Shinbashira of Tenrikyo
* Shinnosuke Ogasawara (小笠原 慎之介, born 1997), Japanese baseball player
* Shinnosuke Shigenobu (重信 慎之介, born 1993), Japanese baseball player
* Shinnosuke Tachibana (立花 慎之介, born 1978), Japanese voice actor
* Shinnosuke Tokuda (徳田 新之介, born 1995), Japanese handball player
* Shinnosuke Tsukue (机 伸之介, born 1989), Japanese squash player
# Shirata

Shirata (written: 白田) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Hisako Shirata (白田 久子, born 1982), Japanese actress and fashion model
* Miyuki Shirata (白田 美由希, born 1984), Japanese sprint canoeist
* Yoshiko Shirata (born 1952), Japanese accounting scholar
# Shire Hill Hospital

Shire Hill Hospital was a healthcare facility in Bute Street, Glossop, Derbyshire, England. It was managed by Tameside and Glossop Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust.

## History

The facility was opened as the Glossop Union Workhouse in 1837. An infirmary building was subsequently added and extended in 1927. During the First World War beds were set aside for British military casualties. It became the Glossop Public Assistance Institution in 1930 and joined the National Health Service as Shire Hill Hospital in 1948. The trust announced a consultation on the potential closure of the hospital in 2017. After services were transferred to Tameside General Hospital, Shire Hill Hospital closed in 2018.
# Lasse Heje Pedersen

Lasse Heje Pedersen (born October 3, 1972) is a Danish financial economist known for his research on liquidity risk and asset pricing. He is Professor of Finance at the Copenhagen Business School. Before that, he held the position of a Professor of Finance and Alternative Investments at the New York University Stern School of Business. He has also served in the monetary policy panel and liquidity working group at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and is a principal at AQR Capital Management.
He was the winner of the 2011 Germán Bernácer Prize, awarded annually to the best European economist under the age of 40, for his original research contributions on how the interaction between market liquidity risk and funding liquidity risk can create liquidity spirals and systemic financial crises.

## Education and academic career

After completing his bachelor's and master's degrees in mathematics and economics at the University of Copenhagen in 1997, he went to Stanford University Graduate School of Business where he earned a Ph.D. in Finance in 2001, advised by Darrell Duffie and Kenneth Singleton. Upon graduation he started as assistant professor at the New York University Stern School of Business where he got tenure in 2005 and held the position of John A. Paulson Professor of Finance and Alternative Investments from 2009 to 2014. He is currently a Distinguished Visiting Research Professor at NYU and, since 2011, Professor of Finance at Copenhagen Business School.
His research has been cited by central bankers such as Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke and in the press, including The Economist, The New York Times, Forbes, and The Financial Times.

## Work on market and funding liquidity risk

Lasse H. Pedersen's research shows that investors need to be compensated for incurring trading costs and the risk of rising trading costs. Therefore, securities with higher market liquidity risk have higher required return, as per the liquidity-adjusted CAPM.
Further, many investors face funding constraints (e.g., leverage constraints and margin requirements), and funding liquidity problems affect security prices. Funding constraints raise the required return for securities with high margin requirements or low risk.
His research shows how the interaction between market and funding liquidity risk can create liquidity spirals and liquidity crises. Liquidity problems affect the macro economy and imply that monetary authorities can manage leverage and margin requirements as a second monetary tool.
One of the implications of his research on systemic risk is the argument in favour of regulatory authorities implementing systemic risk surcharges to generate incentives for financial institutions to limit their contributions to systemic risk. Under a regime with such surcharges, institutions would aim to lower their surcharges by reducing size, leverage, risk, and correlation with the rest of the financial sector and the economy.
# Lasky

Lasky is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Art Lasky (1909–1980), American heavyweight professional boxer
* Bette Lasky (born 1947), American politician; New Hampshire state senator and former state representative
* David Lasky (born 1967), American cartoonist
* Dorothea Lasky (born 1978), American poet
* Floria Lasky (1923–2007), American lawyer in the theater world
* Jesse Louis Lasky (1880–1958), American movie producer and founder of Paramount Pictures
* Jesse L. Lasky, Jr. (1910–1988), American screenwriter, often with his wife Pat Silver-Lasky
* Kathryn Lasky (born 1944), American author
* Mark Lasky (1954–1983), American cartoonist
* Melvin J. Lasky (1920–2004), American journalist
* Mitch Lasky (born 1962), American venture capitalist
* Pat Silver-Lasky, American actress, screenwriter, and writer, often with her husband Jesse Lasky, Jr.
* Rick Lasky, American emergency services consultant, author, motivational speaker
* Victor Lasky (1918–1990), American newspaper columnist and writer
# Shorley Wall

The Shorley Wall EP was the second release by Ooberman, following the Sugar Bum single, and was the first release that gained the band attention from the press and music fans. It was named as the single of the year for 1998 by The Times.
The EP's title track was re-recorded for the band's debut album The Magic Treehouse, and released as a single. Two of the other tracks were later featured on Hey Petrunko plus....

## Track listing

* "Shorley Wall" (Popplewell/Flett)
* "Today's The Day (Part 1)" (Popplewell/Flett)
* "Serotonin Smile" (Popplewell/Flett)
* "A Place I Call Home" (Flett)
* "Why Did My Igloo Collapse?" (Popplewell)
* "Live Again (Don't Die Father)" (Flett)
* "Honeydew" (Popplewell)
An interview with the band is placed at the end of Honeydew after a period of silence.
# Large hawk-cuckoo

The large hawk-cuckoo (Hierococcyx sparverioides) is a species of cuckoo in the family Cuculidae. It has a wide breeding distribution from temperate Asia along the Himalayas extending to East Asia. Many populations winter further south. They are known for their loud and repetitive calls which are similar to that of the common hawk-cuckoo but do not rise in crescendo. They are also somewhat larger and adults can be readily told apart from the smaller common hawk-cuckoo by the black patch on the chin. They are brood-parasites of babblers and laughing-thrushes.

## Distribution

It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam. Found as a vagrant on Christmas Island. The subspecies H. s. bocki of the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo is usually considered a separate species, the dark hawk-cuckoo.

## Habitats

Its natural habitats are temperate forest and subtropical or tropical mangrove forest.

## Behaviour

They call in summer and calling goes on well after dusk. In their winter grounds, they tend to be silent.
Like many other cuckoos, this species is a brood parasite. Many laughing-thrushes (example Pterorhinus sannio) are capable of detecting the eggs of the cuckoo and remove them. The cuckoos lay eggs that mimic those of their hosts.
* Actinodura nipalensis
* Alcippe nipalensis
* Arachnothera longirostris
* Arachnothera magna
* Brachypteryx leucophris
* Brachypteryx nipalensis
* Cettia fortipes
* Liocichla phoenicea
* Ianthocincla cineracea
* Ianthocincla rufogularis
* Trochalopteron lineatum
* Trochalopteron erythrocephalum
* Garrulax monileger
* Pterorhinus pectoralis
* Pterorhinus caerulatus
* Pterorhinus mitratus
* Geokichla citrina
* Lanius cristatus
* Lanius nigriceps
* Leiothrix lutea
* Muscicapa hodgsoni
* Muscicapa macgregoriae
* Muscicapa parva
* Muscicapa rubeculoides
* Myophonus caeruleus
* Pellorneum ignotum
* Pellorneum ruficeps
* Pomatorhinus erythrogenys
* Pycnonotus cafer
* Stachyris nigriceps
* Stachyris ruficeps
* Stachyris rufifrons
* Suya khasiana
* Turdoides sp.
* Turdus dauma
* Yuhina flavicollis
* Yuhina occipitalis
# Large irregular activity

Large (amplitude) irregular activity (LIA), refers to one of two local field states that have been observed in the hippocampus. The other field state is that of the theta rhythm. The theta state is characterised by a steady slow oscillation of around 6–7 Hz. LIA has a predominantly lower oscillation frequency but contains some sharp spikes, called sharp waves of a higher frequency than that of theta. LIA accompanies the small irregular activity state to which the term LIA has been used to describe overall (termed by Vanderwolf, 1969).
EEG signals picked up in the human (or any large mammalian) cerebral cortex are quite small and diffuse and from the deeper smaller hippocampus they are much more difficult to register. This has meant the study of hippocampal activity has been largely restricted to that of the rat and less often the mouse.
Theta rhythm with its low frequency of around 6–7 Hz in a steady oscillation has been observed in rats that are motionless but alert. This extends to that sleeping cycle characterised by rapid eye movement (REM). When eating, grooming, drowsy, or sleeping in slow-wave sleep (SWS), there has been observed in hippocampal EEG, the non-rhythmic pattern of large irregular activity,(LIA). LIA has the predominant pattern of large amplitude slow waves that contain some fluctuations of sharp spikes (sharp waves) of 50–100 ms duration. The predominant frequency of LIA is slower than that of theta waves. LIA is often accompanied by ripples in the pyramidal cell layer.
When the neural circuitry of the hippocampus is activated it tends to oscillate at theta frequencies. It has also been noted that a fair proportion of hippocampal neurons fire in a correlation with sharp wave activity.
The theta state is thought to be involved in the process of learning, and retrieval, and LIA is thought to be involved in the consolidation of older memories. However the mechanism of these two field oscillations remains unknown.
It has been suggested that the theta state is inactive during the presence of LIA and think that theta ordinarily provides an inhibitory process which locks most of the pyramidal cells so that only a few can fire at any time. When LIA is present large numbers of pyramidal cells are activated. There is always a delay of a few seconds between the onset of behaviour related to LIA, such as resting and the subsequent sharp wave and ripples, suggesting the release from active inhibition.
# Lars Hedwall

Lars Eugen Hedwall (10 February 1897 – 29 July 1969) was a Swedish male runner who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He finished seventh in the 3000 metre steeplechase and 24th in the individual cross country event. Although he was a member of the bronze medal winning Swedish cross country team, he did not receive a medal because only three best runners from each team were honored, while Hedwall was fifth.
# Sialkot (disambiguation)

Sialkot is a city in Punjab, Pakistan.
Sialkot may also refer to:

## Places

* Sialkot District, a district of Punjab (Pakistan)
* Sialkot Tehsil, a tehsil of district Sialkot
* Sialkot Fort, a fort in Pakistan
* Sialkot Cantonment, a cantonment in Pakistan
* Sialkot International Airport, an airport in Pakistan
* Sialkot Junction railway station, a railway station in Pakistan
* Sialkot, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, a village in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
# Shramik Vikas Sangathan

Shramik Vikas Sangathan (SVS; transl. Labour Development Organization) is a trade union in the state of Kerala, India, founded in October 2016. It is the labour wing of the Aam Aadmi Party.
# Lars Molin (filmmaker)

Lars Fredrik Molin (6 May 1942 – 7 February 1999) was a Swedish writer and movie director who won an Emmy Award for The Tattooed Widow in 1999. Molin was born in Järpen, Sweden, and died in Sundbyberg Municipality.

## Awards

* Prix Futura 1989
* Thaliapriset 1991
* Club 100 Prize 1989

## Selected filmography

* Buddies (Polare) (1976)
* Höjdhoppar'n (1981)
* Sommarmord (1994)
# Lars Monrad-Krohn

Lars Monrad-Krohn (born 14 July 1933) is a Norwegian engineer and entrepreneur.
He graduated from the Norwegian Institute of Technology, Institute for Radio Technology, (NTH, Institutt for Radioteknikk) in 1959. His master thesis addressed construction of computer core memory and was the first computer-oriented thesis handed in at NTH. As an entrepreneur, Monrad-Krohn established Norsk Data AS in 1967 (CEO 1967-1972), established A/S Mycron in 1975 (CEO 1975-1982), and established Tiki-Data in 1984 (CEO 1984-1996). He currently teaches entrepreneurship at the Department of Informatics, University of Oslo.
He is a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences.