# Politics of Ningxiang

The Politics of Ningxiang in Hunan province in the People's Republic of China is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China. Ningxiang's political system reflects the two major influences on the historical development of China: on the one hand, its legacy as an over 2,000 years feudal system region, and on the other, the powerful influence exerted by China's neighbor to the north, the Soviet Union.
The Mayor of Ningxiang is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Ningxiang or Ningxiang Municipal Government. However, in the city's dual party-government governing system, the Mayor has less power than the Communist Party of Ningxiang Municipal Committee Secretary, colloquially termed the "CPC Party Chief of Ningxiang" or "Communist Party Secretary of Ningxiang".

## Introduction

As a city of the Communist State, Ningxiang's system of government was based on the Soviet Union system of one party dictatorship. This is referred to as "Soviet Union-style" democracy.
Ningxiang is governed by a democratically elected People's Congress, which corresponds to the parliament of democratic country. The Head of the Ningxiang Municipal Government is the Mayor. The Mayor's agreement is required for an Act of Ningxiang People's Congress to become law. As of 2016, there were 373 Members of Ningxiang People's Congress, who were all elected.

## List of CPC Party secretaries of Ningxiang
### Republic of China

| No. | English name | Chinese name | Took office | Left office | Notes |
| 1 | Hu Hui | 胡辉 | February 1925 | November 1927 | Secretary of CPC Party branch of Ningxiang |
| 2 | Zhou Xiangpu | 周湘圃 | January 1926 | April 1928 | Secretary of CPC Special Party branch of Ningxiang |
| 3 | Wen Xingqiao | 文星桥 | December 1926 | January 1927 | Acting Secretary of CPC Special Party branch of Ningxiang |
| 4 | Yan Yueqiao | 严岳乔 | January 1927 | June 1927 | |
| 5 | Luo Yangzhen | 罗养真 | June 1927 | September 1926 | |
| 6 | Zeng San | 曾三 | July 1927 | July 1927 | No assignment |
| 7 | Xia Chibing | 夏尺冰 | September 1927 | September 1928 | |
| 8 | Dai Zhuoliang | 戴卓良 | December 1927 | January 1928 | |
| 9 | Jiang Yunkai | 姜运开 | September 1928 | December 1928 | |
| 10 | Zhong Jie | 钟杰 | January 1929 | August 1930 | Chief of CPC Ningxiang Underground Working Committee |
| 11 | Xu Zhisheng | 许智生 | September 1930 | June 1932 | |
| 12 | Li Pinzhen | 李品珍 | February 1938 | August 1939 | |
| 13 | He Yinnan | 何荫南 | August 1939 | April 1940 | |
| 14 | Zhang Zhonglian | 张忠廉 | September 1945 | September 1946 | |
| 15 | Pang Zhuzhong | 庞柱中 | October 1946 | May 1949 | |
| 16 | Zhou Zheng | 周政 | May 1949 | August 1949 | |

### People's Republic of China

| No. | English name | Chinese name | Took office | Left office |
| 1 | Li Ruishan | 李瑞山 | August 1949 | April 1951 |
| 2 | Li Zhe | 李哲 | April 1951 | September 1952 |
| 3 | Liu Yanan | 刘亚南 | September 1952 | February 1953 |
| 4 | Zhou Zheng | 周政 | March 1953 | October 1954 |
| 5 | Fan Zhide | 范志德 | October 1954 | April 1955 |
| 6 | Li Xueliang | 李学良 | April 1955 | August 1955 |
| 7 | Zhang Heting | 张鹤亭 | August 1955 | April 1956 |
| 8 | Li Xueliang | 李学良 | June 1956 | January 1958 |
| 9 | Li Xueliang | 李学良 | January 1958 | February 1960 |
| 10 | Li Xueliang | 李学良 | February 1960 | May 1961 |
| 11 | Kang Zheng | 康政 | May 1961 | May 1962 |
| 12 | Zhang Xingyu | 张兴玉 | May 1962 | July 1964 |
| 13 | Guo Liangui | 郭连贵 | July 1964 | February 1968 |
| 14 | Guo Zhanyuan | 郭占元 | October 1969 | October 1970 |
| 15 | Guo Zhanyuan | 郭占元 | October 1970 | September 1971 |
| 16 | Zhang Hui | 张惠 | September 1971 | March 1972 |
| 17 | Zhang Hui | 张惠 | March 1972 | August 1973 |
| 18 | Yang Shifang | 杨世芳 | August 1973 | May 1977 |
| 19 | Wu Yanfan | 吴彦凡 | May 1977 | December 1977 |
| 20 | Wu Yanfan | 吴彦凡 | December 1977 | December 1978 |
| 21 | Zheng Guocai | 郑国才 | December 1978 | August 1982 |
| 22 | Yu Qinghua | 宇庆华 | August 1982 | September 1985 |
| 23 | Yu Qinghua | 宇庆华 | September 1985 | October 1988 |
| 24 | Yu Qinghua | 宇庆华 | October 1988 | November 1990 |
| 25 | Wang Bolin | 王柏林 | November 1992 | September 1993 |
| 26 | Zhou Libing | 周里冰 | September 1993 | October 1997 |
| 27 | Chen Lixiang | 陈立湘 | October 1997 | December 1999 |
| 28 | Yuan Guanqing | 袁观清 | December 1999 | October 2000 |
| 29 | Xu Xiangping | 徐湘平 | October 2000 | October 2002 |
| 30 | Xu Xiangping | 徐湘平 | October 2002 | March 2004 |
| 31 | Guo Zhenggui | 虢正贵 | March 2004 | June 2006 |
| 32 | Guo Zhenggui | 虢正贵 | June 2006 | February 2008 |
| 33 | Li Shiqiu | 黎石秋 | February 2008 | March 2012 |
| 34 | Li Chunqiu | 黎春秋 | March 2012 | March 2015 |
| 35 | Zhou Hui | 谭小平 | March 2015 | July 2016 |
| 36 | Zhou Hui | 周辉 | July 2016 | September 2020 |
| 37 | Yu Xinfan | 于新凡 | September 2020 | |

## List of mayors of Ningxiang

| No. | English name | Chinese name | Took office | Left office | Notes |
| 1 | Zhang Jiyuan | 张继源 | August 1949 | August 1952 | |
| 2 | Zhou Zheng | 周政 | August 1952 | May 1953 | |
| 3 | Wang Shouzeng | 王寿增 | May 1953 | April 1955 | |
| 4 | Liu Hongye | 刘鸿业 | April 1955 | December 1956 | |
| 5 | Zhang Runqing | 张润清 | December 1956 | May 1958 | |
| 6 | Zhang Runqing | 张润清 | May 1958 | December 1960 | |
| 7 | Niu Yuxiang | 牛玉祥 | December 1960 | September 1964 | |
| 8 | Niu Yuxiang | 牛玉祥 | September 1964 | April 1966 | |
| 9 | Tao Jibin | 陶季斌 | April 1966 | 1966 | |
| 10 | Wang Shaopeng | 王绍鹏 | February 1968 | May 1969 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 11 | Guo Zhanyuan | 郭占元 | May 1969 | October 1970 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 12 | Guo Zhanyuan | 郭占元 | October 1970 | September 1971 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 13 | Zhang Hui | 张惠 | September 1971 | July 1973 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 14 | Yang Shifang | 杨世芳 | July 1973 | October 1976 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 15 | Wu Yanfan | 吴彦凡 | December 1977 | December 1978 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 16 | Zheng Guocai | 郑国才 | December 1978 | December 1980 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 17 | Yu Qinghua | 宇庆华 | December 1980 | December 1983 | |
| 18 | Tang Zhihua | 唐植华 | December 1983 | September 1984 | |
| 19 | Liu Qixin | 刘启欣 | September 1984 | September 1985 | |
| 20 | Liang Jianqiang | 梁建强 | September 1985 | March 1987 | |
| 21 | Liang Jianqiang | 梁建强 | March 1987 | October 1988 | |
| 22 | Liang Jianqiang | 梁建强 | October 1988 | February 1990 | |
| 23 | Liang Jianqiang | 梁建强 | February 1990 | November 1992 | |
| 24 | Zhou Libing | 周里冰 | November 1992 | March 1994 | |
| 25 | Chen Lixiang | 陈立湘 | March 1994 | August 1997 | |
| 26 | Zhou Yueyun | 周岳云 | August 1997 | January 2000 | |
| 27 | Xu Xiangping | 徐湘平 | January 2000 | December 2000 | |
| 28 | Guo Zhenggui | 虢正贵 | December 2000 | October 2002 | |
| 29 | Guo Zhenggui | 虢正贵 | November 2002 | March 2004 | |
| 30 | Li Shiqiu | 黎石秋 | March 2004 | June 2006 | |
| 31 | Li Shiqiu | 黎石秋 | June 2006 | November 2007 | |
| 32 | Li Shiqiu | 黎石秋 | November 2007 | April 2008 | |
| 33 | Li Chunqiu | 黎春秋 | April 2008 | October 2012 | |
| 34 | Zhou Hui | 周辉 | October 2012 | December 2017 | |
| 35 | Fu Xuming | 付旭明 | December 2017 | | |

## List of chairmen of Ningxiang People's Congress

| No. | English name | Chinese name | Took office | Left office | Notes |
| 1 | Li Ruishan | 李瑞山 | February 1950 | November 1951 | |
| 2 | Li Zhe | 李哲 | November 1951 | December 1952 | |
| 3 | Zhou Zheng | 周政 | December 1952 | December 1953 | |
| 4 | Wang Shaopeng | 王绍鹏 | February 1968 | May 1969 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 5 | Guo Zhanyuan | 郭占元 | May 1969 | October 1970 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 6 | Guo Zhanyuan | 郭占元 | October 1970 | September 1971 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 7 | Zhang Hui | 张惠 | September 1971 | July 1973 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 8 | Yang Shifang | 杨世芳 | July 1973 | October 1976 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 9 | Wu Yanfan | 吴彦凡 | December 1977 | December 1978 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 10 | Zheng Guocai | 郑国才 | December 1978 | December 1980 | Director of Revolutionary Committee |
| 11 | Tao Jibin | 陶季斌 | December 1980 | | |
| 12 | Huang Rangquan | 黄让泉 | September 1985 | March 1986 | |
| 13 | Peng Yong | 彭勇 | March 1986 | March 1987 | |
| 14 | Peng Yong | 彭勇 | March 1987 | October 1988 | |
| 15 | Peng Yong | 彭勇 | October 1988 | February 1990 | |
| 16 | Peng Yong | 彭勇 | February 1990 | | |
| 17 | liu Zhiliang | 刘芝良 | November 1992 | December 1997 | |
| 18 | liu Zhiliang | 刘芝良 | December 1997 | November 2002 | |
| 19 | Liu Qiucheng | 刘秋成 | November 2002 | June 2011 | |
| 20 | He Yinghui | 贺应辉 | June 2011 | 2012 | |
| 21 | He Yinghui | 贺应辉 | 2012 | | |

## List of chairmen of CPPCC Ningxiang Committee

| No. | English name | Chinese name | Took office | Left office |
| 1 | Li Xueliang | 李学良 | November 1956 | March 1961 |
| 2 | Li Xueliang | 李学良 | March 1961 | |
| 3 | Yang Dingguo | 杨定国 | December 1980 | March 1984 |
| 4 | Yang Dingguo | 杨定国 | March 1984 | October 1988 |
| 5 | Huang Guoxiang | 黄国祥 | October 1988 | February 1990 |
| 6 | Huang Guoxiang | 黄国祥 | February 1990 | November 1992 |
| 7 | Huang Guoxiang | 黄国祥 | November 1992 | December 1997 |
| 8 | Wang Bin | 王斌 | December 1997 | November 2002 |
| 9 | He Yinghui | 贺应辉 | November 2002 | June 2011 |
| 10 | Yu Yajun | 喻亚军 | June 2011 | November 2012 |
| 11 | Yu Yajun | 喻亚军 | November 2012 | 2016 |
| 12 | Deng Jieping | 邓杰平 | 2016 | |