OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Seamus McGrane

Seamus McGrane (1956 – 25 May 2019) was an Irish dissident republican, co-founder of the Real Irish Republican Army, and leader of a splinter group called Óglaigh na hÉireann.

## Real IRA

McGrane joined Michael McKevitt, his former Provisional IRA colleague, at the formation of the Real IRA at a meeting in a remote farmhouse near Oldcastle in the north-west of County Meath in November 1997. The two had resigned from the Provisional IRA, where McKevitt was quartermaster general, when the organisation decided earlier that year to begin decommissioning its arsenal. Alongside McKevitt – the brother-in-law of IRA hunger striker Bobby Sands – McGrane founded the hardline anti-ceasefire Real IRA. These dissident Republican groups were opposed to the Good Friday Agreement and the peace process and were committed to continuing with an armed struggle against forces of occupation. At the formation meeting of the Real IRA, McGrane was appointed director of training. McGrane was chair of the Provisional IRA Executive when the organisation split over accepting the Mitchell Principles. He played a leading role as chairman of the IRA's Army Executive in mounting serious opposition to the attempts by the Sinn Fein president Gerry Adams to depart from the original principles of the organisation.

## Óglaigh na hÉireann

McGrane led a split from the Real IRA in 2009, leading the splinter group Óglaigh na hÉireann until he was arrested. He would be only the second person to be convicted of directing terrorism in the Republic of Ireland. In 2017, at a non-jury three-judge Special Criminal Court sitting in Dublin, McGrane was sentenced to 11 and a half years in prison for directing terrorism and being a member of an illegal organisation. McGrane was convicted of directing the activities of an unlawful organisation between April 19 and May 13, 2015. He was also convicted of being a member of the IRA between January 2010 and May 2015. At his trial the judge ruled that there was "the clearest evidence of directing an illegal organisation" and that "McGrane was leader of a splinter dissident group formed in 2008, known as Óglaigh na hÉireann", which was a distinct entity and operated “in a different capacity” from the Real IRA.
At the time of his final arrest Seamus McGrane had allegedly planned a bomb attack in 2015 during Prince Charles' visit to Ireland.
It was the third time that McGrane had been imprisoned by the state. The first period of imprisonment was for IRA membership in 1976 for which he had spent one year in custody. The second conviction was in 1999 when he had been captured training recruits in the use of firearms, during a Real IRA training session for which he was jailed for four years also by the Special Criminal Court. The arrest followed an operation carried out by the Garda, Emergency Response Unit.
Seamus McGrane died in prison on May 25, 2019.
# Beast of Bourbon

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Chronicles of Chaos | (8.5/10) |
Beast of Bourbon is the eleventh studio album by German thrash metal band Tankard on 22 March 2004.

## Personnel

* Andreas "Gerre" Geremia - vocals
* Andy Gutjahr - guitar
* Frank Thorwarth - bass, backing vocals
* Olaf Zissel - drums
* Additional backing vocals by Chris Luft, Alex Wenzel, and Harald Maul
# Beaumont, Kentucky

Beaumont is an unincorporated community in Metcalfe County, Kentucky, United States.
# Beaumont, Puy-de-Dôme

Beaumont (Auvergnat: Biaumont) is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France. The commune lies to the south of the dormant volcano, the Puy-de-Dôme (10 km from the commune and the city) which is clearly visible, including the telecommunication antennas that sit on its top.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 1,465 | — |
| 1800 | 1,642 | +1.64% |
| 1806 | 1,796 | +1.51% |
| 1821 | 1,856 | +0.22% |
| 1831 | 1,858 | +0.01% |
| 1836 | 1,953 | +1.00% |
| 1841 | 1,820 | −1.40% |
| 1846 | 1,919 | +1.06% |
| 1851 | 1,846 | −0.77% |
| 1856 | 1,741 | −1.16% |
| 1861 | 1,686 | −0.64% |
| 1866 | 1,563 | −1.50% |
| 1872 | 1,515 | −0.52% |
| 1876 | 1,439 | −1.28% |
| 1881 | 1,479 | +0.55% |
| 1886 | 1,474 | −0.07% |
| 1891 | 1,404 | −0.97% |
| 1896 | 1,388 | −0.23% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1901 | 1,302 | −1.27% |
| 1906 | 1,251 | −0.80% |
| 1911 | 1,328 | +1.20% |
| 1921 | 1,578 | +1.74% |
| 1926 | 2,345 | +8.24% |
| 1931 | 2,779 | +3.45% |
| 1936 | 2,780 | +0.01% |
| 1946 | 3,723 | +2.96% |
| 1954 | 4,405 | +2.12% |
| 1962 | 6,297 | +4.57% |
| 1968 | 6,930 | +1.61% |
| 1975 | 7,580 | +1.29% |
| 1982 | 8,023 | +0.81% |
| 1990 | 9,465 | +2.09% |
| 1999 | 10,741 | +1.42% |
| 2007 | 11,209 | +0.53% |
| 2012 | 10,933 | −0.50% |
| 2017 | 10,787 | −0.27% |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. :
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :

## Personalities

Born in Beaumont:
* Audrey Tautou (9 August 1976), actress
* Annelise Hesme (born 11 May 1976), actress
* Aurélien Rougerie (born 24 September 1980), rugby union player, member of the French national team
# Erhard Fernholz

Friedrich August Erhard Fernholz (9 June 1909 – 14 December 1940) was a German chemist and investigator of sterols and bile acids.

## Biography

Erhard Fernholz was the eldest son of Gustav Fernholz and Elisabeth Schwagmeyer, both school teachers in Hiddenhausen where Gustav was also the principal of the local school. Erhard had two younger siblings, Maria Elisabeth and Gustav Johannes Hans, both of whom were also chemists. Erhard Fernholz graduated from the Realgimnasium in 1928 and continued his studies at the University of Göttingen where in 1932, at age 23, he received his PhD degree with highest honors in Chemistry from the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences. The following year he continued research with his thesis advisor Adolf Windaus and was named university assistant in the Chemistry faculty at Göttingen in charge of the Biochemical Department of the Organic Chemistry Laboratory.
Due to his opposition to Nazism, Fernholz left Germany for the United States in 1935 by virtue of a fellowship he had received from Princeton University to work in the Chemistry Department with Prof. E. S. Wallis. During his brief career, Fernholz contributed more than forty papers to the chemical literature and established himself at an early age as an outstanding investigator. His research was mainly concentrated on sterols and bile acids, and his work on stigma-sterol contributed to the first partial synthesis of progesterone.
After a year at Princeton University, Fernholz joined the research group at Merck & Co., and in 1937 he reported the isolation of durohydroquinone from the thermal decomposition products of α-tocopherol, the most active principle of Vitamin E. This research was followed by the complete structure of α-tocopherol that Fernholz presented in 1938, based almost entirely on the basis of his own experiments. That same year Fernholz became head of the division of Organic Chemistry of the newly founded Squibb Institute for Medical Research. In addition to his research contributions in the sterol area, he explored the anti-hemorrhagic properties of natural substances including pioneering work on Vitamin K.
His career came to an abrupt end on 14 December 1940 when Fernholz disappeared at age 31 while walking his spaniels in Princeton, New Jersey. Soon after this incident, both the FBI and police from eight states joined in the investigation as it was rumored that Nazi agents may have been involved in his disappearance. However, by March 1941, after an FBI investigation, it was concluded that Fernholz had died as a result of an accidental drowning in nearby Carnegie Lake and that no foul play was involved.

## Family

In September 1938, Fernholz married Mary Briganti, a research assistant in the Economics Department at Princeton University. In March 1941, three months after his death, his only son Erhard Robert was born. E. Robert Fernholz is former Chief Investment Officer of INTECH, an institutional equity management firm that he founded in 1987. He has published articles in mathematics, statistics, and mathematical finance, including the research monograph Stochastic Portfolio Theory in 2002.
# Ermilate

Ermilate is a small town and rural commune in Sidi Kacem Province of the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 15,307 people living in 2121 households.
# Bayerotrochus westralis

Bayerotrochus westralis, commonly known as "Australia's split shell", is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pleurotomariidae.

## Description

The shell has a turbinate shape with an apical spire angle of approximately 90 degrees, with inflated body whorls that are proportionate in expansion so that the spire profile is straight, a clearly defined suture, and the periphery is oblique and slightly rounded. The base is highly inflated and lacks a columellar callus at the center of the base area. The aperture is oval, the slit is positioned roughly one third of the way between the upper and lower sutures and is relatively long, about 19 percent of the circumference. The shell is lightly sculptured with very numerous fine spiral cords above and below the selenizone (the area where the shell growth filled in the slit), crossed by very numerous fine axial growth lines. The base has very numerous spiral striae which are crossed by numerous radial growth lines.
The protoconch and primary whorls are white and the main body whorls are a pale buff to white color with an iridescent coppery metallic sheen. Occasionally the teleoconch (body whorls) are overlaid with pale orange or pink axial flammules. The selenizone has no distinct spiral sculpture however it has numerous fine curved growth striae. The base is the same base color as the body, and the interior of the aperture is thinly nacreous (pearly). This species is often found without a periostracum. The operculum is circular, light brown, multispiral, and chitinous. Its size ranges from 44 to 130 mm in diameter.

## Distribution

This species has been typically found on soft muddy bottoms between 250 and 500 meters in a small area off Western Australia south of Broome and northwards to the Ashmore Reefs, off southern Japan and in the Central Indo-West Pacific.
# Bayers Lake

Bayers Lake is a lake of Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is located west of the Halifax Peninsula and the intersection of highways 102 and 103, and in the centre of Bayers Lake Business Park. The historic Halifax and Southwestern Railway ran along the lake's north shore and the railway maintained a siding called "Summit" beside the lake, so named because it was the highest point on the line.
# Espada Acequia

The Espada Acequia, or Piedras Creek Aqueduct, was built by Franciscan friars in 1731 in what is now San Antonio, Texas, United States. It was built to supply irrigation water to the lands near Mission San Francisco de la Espada, today part of San Antonio Missions National Historical Park. The acequia is still in use today and is an National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark and a National Historic Landmark.

## Irrigation system

Mission Espada's acequia (irrigation) system can still be seen today. The main ditch, or acequia madre, continues to carry water to the mission and its former farmlands. This water is still used by residents living on these neighboring lands.
The initial survival of a new mission depended upon the planting and harvesting of crops. In south central Texas, intermittent rainfall and the need for a reliable water source made the design and installation of an acequia system a high priority. Irrigation was so important to Spanish colonial settlers that they measured cropland in suertes -the amount of land that could be watered in one day.
The use of acequias was originally brought to the arid regions of Spain by the Romans and the Moors. When Franciscan missionaries arrived in the desert Southwest they found the system worked well in the hot, dry environment. In some areas, like New Mexico, it blended in easily with the irrigation system already in use by the Puebloan Native Americans.
In order to distribute water to the missions along the San Antonio River, Franciscan missionaries oversaw the construction of seven gravity-flow ditches, dams, and at least one aqueduct—a 15-mile (24 km) network that irrigated approximately 3,500 acres (14 km$^2$) of land. The acequia not only conducted potable water and irrigation, but also powered a mill.
Mission Espada has survived from its beginnings to the present day as a community center that still supports a Catholic parish and religious education, however a school originally opened by the Sisters of the Incarnate Word and Blessed Sacrament was closed in 1967.
# Bağbaşı

Bağbaşı may refer to:
* Bağbaşı, Kahta, a village in Adıyaman Province, Turkey
* Bağbaşı, Şehitkamil, a village in Gaziantep Province, Turkey
* Eğiste, formerly known as Bağbaşı, a village in Konya Province, Turkey
# Espalha River

Espalha River is a river of Acre state in western Brazil.
# Scrobipalpa kurokoi

Scrobipalpa kurokoi is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Povolný in 1977. It is found in Japan and the Russian Far East (Sakhalin).
# Bayon Beer

Bayon Beer is a Cambodian beer. It is brewed at the Cambrew Brewery in Sihanoukville. It contains rice malt.
Cambrew says of the beer, "This exotic beer is brewed in Sihanoukville, Cambodia employing the best traditional processes. Bayon Beer embodies the full quality of an Asian beer with an alcohol content of between 5.0% to 5.2%. Bayon beer is essentially catered to Asian drinkers with a smooth and hoppy aroma to give a pleasant after taste."
# Sealed Valley

Sealed Valley is a 1915 American silent Western film, directed by Lawrence McGill. It stars Dorothy Donnelly, J. W. Johnson, Rene Ditline, and was released on August 2, 1915. It was the first film produced by Metro Pictures.

## Cast list

* Dorothy Donnelly as Nahnya Crossfox
* J. W. Johnson as Doctor Cowdray
* Rene Ditline as Kitty Sholto
# Başak

Başak may refer to:

## Given name

* Başak Eraydın (born 1994), Turkish tennis player
* Başak Ersoy (born 1991), Turkish women's footballer
* Başak Gündoğdu (born 1992), Turkish women's footballer
* Başak İçinözbebek (born 1994), Turkish women's footballer
* Başak Köklükaya (born 1974), Turkish actress
* Başak Senova (born 1970), Turkish curator
* Başak Parlak(born 3 November 1989), Turkish actress and model

## Surname

* Chris Başak (born 1978), American baseball player
* Rasim Başak (born 1980), Azerbaijani-Turkish basketball player
* Süleyman Başak, Turkish Cypriot financial economist
# Esporte Clube Teresópolis

Esporte Clube Teresópolis, usually known as Teresópolis, and since 2008 as Teresópolis/DalPonte, is a Brazilian futsal club from Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro state. Founded on July 17, 2003, it is, as of 2008, competing in Brazilian top division futsal league, which is the Liga Futsal, and competed in the same league in the previous year.

## History

On July 17, 2003, Esporte Clube Teresópolis was founded.
Four years after being founded, the club won the state championship for the first time, beating Petrópolis Esporte Clube, of the neighbor city of Petrópolis in the final. In the same year the club competed in the Liga Futsal, finishing in the ninth position.
In 2008, the club is again competing in the Liga Futsal. Due to a partnership with sports manufacturer DalPonte, Teresópolis is competing as Teresópolis/DalPonte.

## Achievements

* Campeonato Carioca de Futsal:
** Winners (1): 2007
* Campeonato Carioca de Futsal Sub-20:
** Winners (1): 2005
# Beckville, Minnesota

Beckville is an unincorporated community in Greenleaf Township, Meeker County, Minnesota, United States, located near Litchfield. The community is located along 600th Avenue near 205th Street.
# Bearded eelgoby

The bearded eelgoby (Taenioides jacksoni), also known as the bearded goby, is a species of goby endemic to South Africa where it inhabits muddy areas of mangrove swamps, estuaries and rivers. This species can reach a length of 12 centimetres (4.7 in) TL.
# Ernst Seidler von Feuchtenegg

Ernst Wilhelm Engelhardt Ritter Seidler von Feuchtenegg (5 June 1862, Schwechat, Lower Austria – 23 January 1931, Vienna) was an Austrian statesman. He served as Minister-President of Austria from 1917 until 1918. His daughter was the actress Alma Seidler.
# Bearskin (film)

Der Bärenhäuter is an East German movie from the year 1986, based on the fairy tale Bearskin.

## Plot

The war has ended and soldier Christoffel has no future and no money. He does not know what to do, because he meets the devil. He offers him a deal: Christoffel's pockets will always be full of money, but he cannot wash himself for seven years, not the hair and nails and he can sleep in a bed. If he does not comply with all of these things, he will be devoted forever to the devil.
Christoffel accepts the condition.
Suddenly a rich man, Christoffel has nothing to worry about any more. Soon, however, he is lonely. Society shuns him because he's dirty, unkempt and smelly. The only place to stay he can find is a prison.
By paying off the debts of a goldsmith, he wins the heart of Catherine, the man's daughter. However, conscious of his awful appearance, Christoffel leaves her.
After seven years, he returns to her as well-groomed gentleman.
# Bedale Market Cross

Bedale Market Cross is a historic monument in Bedale, a town in North Yorkshire, in England.
Bedale was granted a market charter in 1251, and in the 14th century the current cross was erected at the north end of the marketplace, where the town's three medieval streets converge. In the 17th century, the original cross head was replaced by a simple iron cross. It was listed as a scheduled monument in 1936, and as a Grade I listed building in 1966.
The cross consists of an octagonal stone base with seven steps, the lowest step being 5 metres across. This stepped cross form is the most common type of Mediaeval standing cross in England. The octagonal cross shaft sits in a socket stone, and is 3.5 metres high. It has a projecting band near the top, and flat plinth at the top. This supports the iron cross.
# Esperanza Guisán

Esperanza Guisán (23 April 1940 – 27 November 2015) was a Spanish moral and political philosopher. She was a professor at the University of Santiago de Compostela. Her work was devoted mainly to classical utilitarian theory. A list of many of her works appears at her Google Scholar Web page, including treatises on ethics, democracy, ethics without religion, and Kant.

## Writings
### In Spanish

* 'Los presupuestos de la falacia naturalista', 1981.
* 'Cómo ser un buen empirista en ética', 1985.
* 'Razón y pasión en ética. Los dilemas de la ética contemporánea', 1986.
* 'Esplendor y miseria de la ética kantiana', 1988.
* 'Manifiesto hedonista', 1990.
* 'La ética mira a la izquierda', 1992.
* 'Ética sin religión', 1993.
* 'Introducción a la ética', 1995.
* 'Más allá de la democracia', 2000.
* 'Una ética de libertad y solidaridad: John Stuart Mill', 2008.

### In English

* Taking Ethics Seriously: on the Moral and Political Theory of John Stuart Mill
Esperanza Guisán Telos: Revista iberoamericana de estudios utilitaristas, ISSN 1132-0877, ISSN-e 2255-596X, Vol. 14, Nº. 1, 2005, págs. 11-24
* Is Griffin a millian utilitarian after all?
Esperanza Guisán Telos: Revista iberoamericana de estudios utilitaristas, ISSN 1132-0877, ISSN-e 2255-596X, Vol. 10, Nº. 1, 2001 (Special Issue on: Understanding Griffin), págs. 9-12
# Esperanza Galván

Esperanza Galván is an Ecuadorian politician who was elected to Ecuador's National Assembly in 2013. In 2015 she went to jail after being found guilty of bribery.

## Life

Galván was elected as an assemblywoman for the province of Esmeraldas in the 2013 legislative elections for Alianza PAIS. Her party won a lot of the votes and before the ballot had been completely counted her election and that of her colleagues Lenin Lara Rivadeneira and Gabriel Rivera López was certain.
During her time as a legislator, she was part of the Economic Development Commission of the National Assembly.
She was one of the seven assembly members to vote against the Law for the Creation of the La Concordia Canton (which was approved by 110 votes against 7), considering that the canton should belong to the province of Esmeraldas and not to the province of Santo Domingo of the Tsachilas.

## Arrest

On May 24, 2015, President Rafael Correa announced, during his report to the nation, that a corruption complaint was being noted against a member of the ruling movement. The Attorney General of the State, Galo Chiriboga, revealed that the defendant was Esperanza Galván, and she was arrested the same day, as she left the National Assembly.
The complaint revealed that Galván had received $800,000 to make a contract viable for the Esmeraldas Potable Water company. In addition to Galván, two more were arrested, including the former manager of the Esmeraldas Potable Water company, who also belonged to the ruling movement. The next day the Alianza PAIS Ethics Commission expelled Galván from the party.
On November 24, 2015, Esperanza Galván was found guilty of bribery and sentenced by the National Court of Justice to three years in prison.
# Beatrice I

Beatrice I may refer to:
* Beatrice I, Abbess of Quedlinburg (1037–1061)
* Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy (1143–1184)
# Eskild Ebbesen

Eskild Balschmidt Ebbesen (born 27 May 1972, in Silkeborg, Midtjylland) is a Danish lightweight rower, who as part of the Gold Four has won a total number of five Olympic medals (three gold) and six World Championship gold medals.
Ebbesen was the flag bearer of the Danish team at the opening ceremony of the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.
Ebbesen and his crew took an alternative approach to racing and is quoted saying:
   Our strategy, for every race, was always to be first, to be number one from the beginning of the race. A fast start was important. It became natural for us to do a high stroke rate. It then escalated. I don't think we have many strokes under 40.
Ebbesen retired from competitive rowing at the age of 40 after the 2012 London Olympics. In the following year, he won the Thomas Keller Medal, the highest honour in rowing.
# Smooth leatherjacket

The smooth leatherjacket or velvet leatherjacket (Meuschenia scaber) is a filefish of the family Monacanthidae, found off eastern Australia and all around New Zealand to depths of about 100 m (330 ft), on rocky weedy reef areas. Its length is between 25 and 31 cm (10 and 12 in). In New Zealand it is simply known as leatherjacket as it is the only fish of this family commonly found there, by the Māori language name kōkiri, or by its commercial name cream fish.

## Distribution

The species is found from Cape Naturaliste, Western Australia, to Sydney, New South Wales, around Tasmania, and around the waters of New Zealand.

## Behaviour

Leatherjackets have a hard, sandpaper-like exterior which they use as a defense mechanism, which causes the fish to swim slowly. Because of this, the diet of leatherjackets is atypical, focusing on slow-moving species such as sponges, sea squirts and barnacles.
Smooth leatherjackets are monogamous.

## In a human context

Leatherjackets developed a reputation for being bold among Māori in New Zealand, who named the fish kōkiri, a Polynesian word used to describe species such as triggerfish. The fish was one of the most commonly found in middens from the archaic period of Māori history. Yellowfish liver was known as a delicacy among Māori.
The fish developed a poor reputation among early European fishermen in New Zealand, as the fish would often eat bait without being caught due to their small mouths. The fish were difficult to sell, with many fishmongers removing the heads and skin of fish. Over time, the name cream fish was adopted as a more palatable name for the fish, which boosted sales.
# Ray Fulton

Raymond Hamilton Fulton (born 24 September 1953) is an English former professional footballer who played in the Football League as a left back.