OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gran Duo Concertante

The Gran Duo Concertante for two double basses and orchestra was composed by the Italian double bass virtuoso Giovanni Bottesini. The piece was premiered in Venice in 1844 by Bottesini and Giovanni Arpesani. Arpesani and Bottesini were both former students at the Milan Conservatory and at the time both were playing principal bass at Venetian opera houses, Bottesini at the Teatro San Benedetto and Arpesani at Teatro La Fenice.
The Gran Duo Concertante is in three main sections performed without a break and usually lasts around 15 minutes if played up to tempo, but this estimate can vary greatly due to the artists' interpretation of the music. Double concertos were generally composed for different instruments, and Bottesini soon adapted the piece as a duo with violin which he performed in Italy with the violinist Luigi Arditi in the mid-1840s. The pair then moved to Havana, Cuba and performed the Gran Duo many times in the Americas, sometimes using the titles “La Fiesta de los Gitanos” or “The Feast of the Bohemians”. In the 1850s Camillo Sivori, the disciple of Niccolò Paganini, performed the piece with Bottesini many times in London and other European cities and is sometimes wrongly credited with making the arrangement. A manuscript copy of the piece that is probably the version played by Sivori exists in the library of the Royal Academy of Music, but the version most commonly heard today is that printed by Richault in 1879 with a much more elaborate violin part edited by Henryk Wieniawski.
Bottesini performed the Grand Duo throughout his life with many of the world’s greatest violinists, including not only Arditi, Sivori and Wieniawski, but also Jean-Delphin Alard, Henri Vieuxtemps, Prosper Sainton, Émile Sauret, Antonio Bazzini, Achille Simonetti and many others.
Bottesini also wrote another concerto for two double basses entitled "Gran Duo Passione Amorosa" in a more traditional, three-movement format.
# John Mann

John Mann may refer to:

## Entertainment

* John Mann (British actor), British radio actor
* John Mann (engineer), guitar engineer
* John Mann (musician) (1962–2019), Canadian folk-rock musician and actor
* Johnny Mann (1928–2014), American composer and recipient of multiple Grammy Awards

## Sports

* John Mann (Australian cricketer) (1919–1969), Australian cricketer
* John Mann (English cricketer) (born 1983), English cricketer
* John Mann (water polo) (born 1985), American water polo player
* J. J. Mann (born 1991), American basketball player
* John Pelham Mann (1919–2002), English cricketer and British Army officer
* Johnny Mann (baseball) (1898–1977), American baseball player

## Politicians

* John Mann (Australian politician) (1869–1939), Australian politician
* John Mann, Baron Mann (born 1960), British politician
* John Mann (New Hampshire politician)

## Others

* John Frederick Mann (1819–1907), Australian surveyor and explorer
# Steve Warr

Steve Warr is a British television director and producer. He is currently a company director of Raw Cut TV.
In the 1990s, Warr was the first producer to combine police video with observational documentary in the BBC docusoap X-Cars. He was the executive producer and series producer of ITV's Police Camera Action!. He produced Roger Cook’s current affairs series The Cook Report for four years at Central Television. He has also directed ITV's Tonight with Trevor McDonald. More recently, Warr created and produced Road Wars and Street Wars for Sky1, Police Interceptors for Channel 5, "Neighbourhood Blues "for BBC1 and a number of single documentaries for TV in the UK and America.
# Palleon nasus

Palleon nasus, commonly known as the elongate leaf chameleon, is a species of chameleon endemic to Madagascar. It was initially described by Boulenger in 1887. The species contains two subspecies, P. n. nasus and P. n. pauliani. It grows no more than 9 cm.

## Distribution and habitat

Palleon nasus nasus is endemic to Ekongo, south-eastern Madagascar, and its geological type locality is Ekongo, southeastern Madagascar. P. n. pauliani is only known from its type locality of Manjarivolo, l’Andringitra, Madagascar. P. n. pauliani can be found at elevations between 1,620 and 1,650 m (5,310 and 5,410 ft) above mean sea level. P. nasus was listed by the IUCN as a vulnerable species, as it can be found over an area of 15,798 km$^2$ (6,100 sq mi), but the quality and extent of the humid forest where the species needs to live is in a continuous decline, mainly due to mining, logging (for charcoal), and the slash-and-burn method in agriculture. P. n. nasus is found in some strictly protected areas and reserves, meaning it should not be harmed too much.

## Taxonomy

Palleon nasus nasus was initially described as Brookesia nasus in 1887 by Boulenger and reclassified as a Palleon species in 2013. In 1972, the subspecies P. n. pauliani was described and recorded by Brygoo, Blanc, and Domergue in 1972. Palleon nasus is commonly known as the elongate leaf chameleon.
# Pilgrims & Pioneers

Pilgrims & Pioneers: The History and Speeches of the Science Fiction Research Association Award Winners is a book collection of all the extant award presentations and acceptance speeches of the first 30 Pilgrim Award winners, and of the other Science Fiction Research Association awards through 1999, edited by Hal W. Hall and Daryl F. Mallett. It was published in Riverside, California by Jacob's Ladder Books, for SFRA Press, in 2001.
Historical documents, critical papers and statements are supplemented by brief biographic sketches of the winners and selective bibliographies of their scholarly contributions.
Publication of this book was supported by a grant from the World Science Fiction Convention, held in Atlanta that year. Scholar Neil Barron discovered a Call for Grant Projects by the Atlanta WorldCon Committee, and a proposal for a book honoring the Pilgrim Award winners was submitted and accepted by the committee. Under the terms of the grant, the SFRA donated copies of the volume to up to 25 major science fiction collections worldwide.
Daryl F. Mallett and Hal W. Hall had assistance from many scholars of science fiction, especially Fiona Kelleghan and Robert Reginald.
# Bergamini

Bergamini is an Italian surname. The meaning of the name comes from the 'occupational name from bergamino ‘cowherd dairy farmer’ a derivative of the placename Bergamo the cowherds of the Po valley having originally come from Bergamo and the Bergamese Alps.'
Notable people with the surname include:
* Carlo Bergamini (disambiguation), multiple people
* David Bergamini (1928–1983), American writer
* Deborah Bergamini (born 1967), Italian politician
* Giancarlo Bergamini (1926–2020), Italian fencer
* Joe Bergamini, American musician
* John Van Wie Bergamini (1888–1975), American architect
* Lamberto Bergamini (1885–1957), Italian opera singer
* Marco Bergamini (born 1988), Italian footballer
* Silvio Bergamini (1923–1994), Italian rower
# Internet Histories

Internet Histories is an academic journal of the history of the internet. It is indexed in Scopus.
# Lancun

Lancun may refer to these places in China:
* Lancun Township, Hunan, Mayang Miao Autonomous County, Hunan
* Lancun Township, Shanxi, Xinfu District, Xinzhou, Shanxi
* Lancun Subdistrict, Jimo District, Qingdao, Shandong
# Symplectic basis

In linear algebra, a standard symplectic basis is a basis ${\mathbf {e} }_{i},{\mathbf {f} }_{i}$ of a symplectic vector space, which is a vector space with a nondegenerate alternating bilinear form $\omega$, such that $\omega ({\mathbf {e} }_{i},{\mathbf {e} }_{j})=0=\omega ({\mathbf {f} }_{i},{\mathbf {f} }_{j}),\omega ({\mathbf {e} }_{i},{\mathbf {f} }_{j})=\delta _{ij}$. A symplectic basis of a symplectic vector space always exists; it can be constructed by a procedure similar to the Gram–Schmidt process. The existence of the basis implies in particular that the dimension of a symplectic vector space is even if it is finite.
# Gondrand

The Gondrand Group, member of Nordic Transport Group (NTG), a leading transport group headquartered in Denmark, is an international freight forwarding and logistics provider for land transports, sea freight, air freight and contract logistics.

## Worldwide locations

Over 100 branches in 26 countries:
* China
* Czech Republic
* Germany
* Hong Kong
* Hungary
* Italy
* Netherlands
* Switzerland
* Denmark
* Sweden
* Finland
* Norway
* Estonia
* Latvia
* Lithuania
* Poland
* Belgium
* Slovakia
* Turkey
* Bulgaria
* Russia
* Kazakhstan
* Belarus
* Ukraine
* Thailand
* USA
# Forestville (town), Wisconsin

Forestville is a town in Door County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,096 at the 2010 census. The Village of Forestville is located within the town, but the two are politically independent.

## Communities

* Carnot (/ˈkɑːrnət/ KAR-nət) is an unincorporated community located along Carnot Road about a mile northwest of the County Road S/J intersection.
* Maplewood is an unincorporated community located at the intersection of WIS 42 and County Road H.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 35.5 square miles (92 km$^2$), of which, 35.4 square miles (91.7 km$^2$) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.4 km$^2$) (0.39%) is water.

## Transportation

* Ahnapee State Trail
* Wisconsin Highway 42

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,086 people, 387 households, and 313 families residing in the town. The population density was 30.7 people per square mile (11.8/km$^2$). There were 432 housing units at an average density of 12.2 per square mile (4.7/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 97.97% White, 0.18% Black or African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.18% Asian, and 1.38% from two or more races. 0.18% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 387 households, out of which 40.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.2% were married couples living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.1% were non-families. 16.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.14.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.7% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.5 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $46,818, and the median income for a family was $53,571. Males had a median income of $30,560 versus $21,488 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,174. About 3.7% of families and 4.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.9% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over.

## Gallery

* Entering the town from the south on Highway 42
* The Ahnapee River below the dam
* 1914 plat map of the Town of Forestville
# Pallerla

Pallerla is a village in Yadadri district in Telangana, India. It falls under Atmakur mandal.
# Walter of Liederkerque

Walter of Liederkerque was a Flemish knight (from Liedekerke) who, along with his older brother Engilbert, accompanied their uncle Florent of Hainaut to the Peloponnese in southern Greece, following Florent's proclamation as Prince of Achaea in 1289. There he was named governor of Corinth and its surrounding region.
Walter carried on an extravagant lifestyle, which left him short of funds. In a famous incident, recorded in the Chronicle of the Morea, he imprisoned a Greek magnate called Photios in hopes of forcing him to ransom his freedom for 10,000 hyperpyra. In the end, Photios secured his liberty by paying 1,000 hyperpyra, but the injustice rankled. A short time after, in 1295, Photios met a Frankish lord, Guy of Charpigny, on his way and, mistaking him for Walter, he killed him.
# Benavides, León

Benavides (Spanish pronunciation:; also called Benavides de Órbigo, Leonese: Banavices) is a municipality in the province of León, Spain. It is part of the route of St. James. As of 2018, the population is 2497. The total area is 74.07 km (46.02 mi).
# Noordeinde, Alkmaar

Noordeinde is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Alkmaar, and lies about 10 km southeast of the city of Alkmaar.
The village was first mentioned in 1494 as "tNoorteynde van Schermer", and means "northern end". In 1655, a Mennonite church was built in the village. In 1874, it was replaced by a stone church. It was decommissioned in 1981, and is now a cultural centre. Noordeinde was home to 211 people in 1840.

## Gallery

* House in Noordeinde
* Chestnut tree
* Restaurant in Noordeinde
* House in Noordeinde
# Oymurania

Oymurania is an organophosphatic Cambrian small shelly fossil interpreted as a stem-group Brachiopod. It consists of a pair of Micrina-like shells that broadly follow a logarithmic coiling trajectory with a high rate of expansion.

## Microstructure

Its shell comprises an inner prismatic layer, with hexagonal prisms that run through the full depth of the layer, and an outer layer that contains an acrotretid-like microstructure of surface-parallel laminae punctuated by pore-bearing rod-like columns.
# Vakula (surname)

Vakula (Cyrillic: Вакула) is a Belarusian and Ukrainian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ninel Vakula (born 1949), Soviet-Belarusian sprint canoer
* Svetlana Vakula (born 1977), Belarusian sprint canoer
* Vladyslav Vakula (born 1999), Ukrainian football player
# Governor Stephen

Governor Stephen may refer to:
* James Stephen (civil servant) (1789–1859), Acting Governor of Gibraltar from 1875 to 1876, and in 1878
* George Milner Stephen (1812–1894), Acting Governor of South Australia in 1838
* Ninian Stephen (1923–2017), 20th Governor-General of Australia from 1982 to 1989
# Sépeaux-Saint-Romain

Sépeaux-Saint-Romain (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Yonne department of central France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 by merger of the former communes of Sépeaux and Saint-Romain-le-Preux.
# Hennipman

Hennipman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Pieter Hennipman (1911–1994), Dutch economist
* Truus Hennipman (1943–2024), Dutch athlete
# Walter of Lorraine

Walter of Lorraine (or Walter of Lotharingia; died 1079) was a medieval Bishop of Hereford.

## Life

Walter was a native of Lorraine, although some sources state he was a Norman. He was chaplain to Edith of Wessex, wife of Edward the Confessor sometime before his appointment as bishop. He was appointed to the see of Hereford about Christmas 1060. His appointment was because Aldred, the Bishop of Worcester, who had been supervising the see of Hereford after the death of Leofgar in 1056, was appointed Archbishop of York and this opened the way for an appointment to Hereford.
Walter was consecrated on 15 April 1061 by Pope Nicholas II at Rome. He, along with Giso, who was elected to the see of Wells, and Tostig Godwinson, went to Rome for consecration because Stigand, the Archbishop of Canterbury, was excommunicated and could not consecrate bishops. They were unable to have the Archbishop of York consecrate them, because Ealdred, who was the appointee to York, had not yet received his pallium, the symbol of the authority of an archbishop, and was in fact traveling to Rome with Giso and Walter to receive it. Walter seems to have been little involved in public affairs after his appointment as bishop.
After the Norman Conquest of England, Walter swore loyalty to William the Conqueror at Berkhamsted after the Battle of Hastings. He attended the church councils held at Windsor in 1072 and at London in 1075. But otherwise, his diocesan business is unclear, as no charters of his survive.
The Vita Edwardi, the saint's life of King Edward the Confessor of England, said of Walter that he was "most suitably and excellently trained in office".
Walter died in 1079. The medieval chronicler William of Malmesbury records that he was stabbed to death while attempting to rape a seamstress, but William reports this as rumor, so it is unclear if that was actually how he died. No tomb survives, and his burial place is unknown.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 Barrow Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 8: Hereford: Bishops
* 1 2 3 4 5 Barrow "Walter" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
* ↑ Huscroft Ruling England p. 124
* ↑ Mason House of Godwine pp. 94–95
* 1 2 Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 250
* ↑ Smith, et al. "Court and Piety" Catholic Historical Review p. 574
* 1 2 Barlow Godwins p. 89
* ↑ Brooks Early History p. 306
* ↑ Quoted in Huscroft Ruling England pp. 48–49
# Eunidia mediomaculata

Eunidia mediomaculata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1938.
# Grand Canyon of the Tuolumne

The Grand Canyon of the Tuolumne is the notable canyon section of the river valley of the Tuolumne River, located within Yosemite National Park, in Tuolumne County and the Sierra Nevada, California.
As defined by the United States Geological Survey, the canyon begins at Glen Aulin and ends directly above Hetch Hetchy Valley.

## Geography

The Grand Canyon of the Tuolumne starts at Glen Aulin, immediately below the confluence of Cold Canyon, Conness Creek, and the Tuolumne River. Here, the valley walls pull away from each other and become steeper. The water meanders and forms deep pools. After the waterfall that marks the end of Glen Aulin, the canyon becomes deeper again, and roughly V-shaped in cross section. The walls are not as steep and bare as those of Yosemite Valley. The flora of the valley bottom is a haphazard melange of chaparral, manzanita scrub and oak woodland characteristic of the foothills and lowlands with a coniferous forest reminiscent of (but different from) that found above the canyon rim. This vegetation clings and clambers up every ledge of the valley walls to the top, giving it a lusher appearance than Yosemite Valley, though this area in fact experiences a drier climate.
Many dramatic waterfalls are found in the Grand Canyon of the Tuolumne. Whereas Yosemite Valley's celebrated falls occur on tributary streams along the sides, these lie on the main river itself. Many watercourses do join the Tuolumne River, but their canyons form deep clefts in the sides of the Grand Canyon and descend to its bottom. The Tuolumne's own bed, beginning even above Glen Aulin, is fashioned as a great staircase punctuated by waterfalls.
Perhaps the greatest of these is 800-foot (240 m) Waterwheel Falls, named for a dramatic circular plume of water that appears when the river and the winds run high. A few kilometres below Glen Aulin, the walls of the lower canyon pinch together to form a narrow chasm of less than 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) in length, the Muir Gorge. A short way below the Muir Gorge, the Grand Canyon widens again, much as it does at Glen Aulin, though here it is deeper. This broad plain bears the name of "Pate Valley." Some 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) below here, Hetch Hetchy Reservoir (created by O’Shaughnessy Dam) claims the Tuolumne River.

## Recreation

A trail runs along the Tuolumne River from its headwaters to below Pate Valley (though it leaves the valley floor for some time to avoid the impassable Muir Gorge). It is diligently built, but due to the nature of the terrain it is often rocky, steep and generally difficult. The walking distance from the Tioga Road to the Glen Aulin High Sierra Camp is roughly 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) . White Wolf campground, southeast of Hetch Hetchy Reservoir, is within day-hiking distance of the canyon rim, but the return trip from the very bottom is long and steep. Between the eastern tip of the reservoir and the point where the trail begins the climb to White Wolf, the valley is a trackless wilderness.
# Land of Unreason

Land of Unreason is a fantasy novel by American writers Fletcher Pratt and L. Sprague de Camp. It was first published in the fantasy magazine Unknown Worlds for October, 1941 as "The Land of Unreason". Revised and expanded, it was first published in book form by Henry Holt and Company in 1942. It has been reprinted numerous times since by various publishers, including by Ballantine Books in January 1970 as the tenth volume of the Ballantine Adult Fantasy series. An E-book edition was published by Gollancz's SF Gateway imprint on September 29, 2011, as part of a general release of de Camp's works in electronic form.

## Plot

Fred Barber, an American staying as a guest in an English country home during World War II, consumes a bowl of milk left as an offering for the fairies, substituting liquor in its place. The rightful recipient of the offering, drunk and offended at the substitution, takes vengeance by kidnapping Barber off to the Land of Faerie as a changeling, a fate normally reserved for infants. He finds Faerie beset by a menace echoing the war in his own world. Trapped in a magical realm where rationality as he knows it is turned upside-down and failure to follow the rules can have dire consequences, Barber undertakes a quest in the service of Oberon, the fairy king, in order to be returned to his own world. The outcome, befitting a realm in which nothing is as expected, is one that neither he nor the reader anticipates, for Fred Barber is not quite the man he thinks he is.

## Reception

Orville Prescott of The New York Times found the novel "much less successful" than The Incomplete Enchanter, saying that "Successful fantasy requires a deft delicacy of touch quite lacking in the heavy-handed technique" used here. Another Times reviewer, Beatrice Sherman, however, praised Land for its "piquant style that combines the medieval phrasing of the fairy-folk's conversation, the very modern talk and turns of thought of the changeling hero, and descriptions practical and poetical of the eerie magic scenery". New Worlds reviewer James Cawthorn declared the novel a "witty exploration of the world of Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream". Ron Goulart described Land as "a screwball comedy . . . an affable novel, and for all its preoccupation with drinking and jumping into bed, a gentle one." Baird Searles noted the novel's "Alice-in-Wonderland surrealism, particularly when the inhabitants of Fairyland get going on logic-chopping and semantics. But the logic of this novel is illogic; the reason for it unreason; somehow it all hangs together triumphantly nonetheless". E. F. Bleiler found it "one of the better semihumorous heroic fantasies, a good child of Phantastes, with clever integration of incident and theme".