OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bernard Renault (botanist)

Bernard Renault (4 March 1836, Autun – 16 October 1904) was a French paleobotanist. He was a specialist in regard to the anatomy of Carboniferous and Permian plants.
In 1867 he earned his doctorate in physical sciences at Paris, followed by work as an instructor of chemistry at the college in Cluny (1867–72). Later on, he was associated with the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris, serving as a préparateur (1872–76) and an assistant naturalist (1876–1904). In 1879 he obtained his doctorate in natural sciences.
During his tenure at Cluny, he developed an interest in paleobotany. He conducted studies of fossil flora in the vicinity of his hometown of Autun, an area abundant in silicified remains of plants dating from Permo-Carboniferous times. His studies of fossil ferns led to the founding of a new plant family, Botryopterideae. He also made important findings concerning the anatomy of the extinct genus Sphenophyllum, as well as to the anatomy and reproductive aspects of the extinct genus Annularia. His work caught the attention of Adolphe Brongniart, who subsequently offered him a position at the natural history museum in Paris. With Brongniart, he conducted investigations of silicified seeds.
He is credited as the first scientist to account for all organs of the extinct gymnosperm family Cordaitaceae. The genus Renaultia was named in his honour by Charles René Zeiller (1883).
He was a member of the Société éduenne des lettres, sciences et arts (from 1867), the Société linnéenne de Normandie, the Institut géologique de Vienne, and in 1884, was deputy associate of the Carte géographique de France project. In 1886, he was a founding member and first president of the Société d'histoire naturelle et des amis du muséum d'Autun.

## Selected works

* Recherches sur les végétaux silicifiés d'Autun, 1876 – Research on the silicified flora of Autun.
* Végétaux silicifiés d'Autun et de Saint-Etienne. Nouvelles recherches sur la structure des "Sphenophyllum" et sur leurs affinités botaniques – Silicified flora of Autun and Saint-Etienne. New research on the structure of Sphenophyllum and on their botanical affinities.
* Structure comparée de quelques tiges de la flore carboniféres, 1879 – Comparative structure of some stems of Carboniferous flora.
* Cours de botanique fossile fait au Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, (1881–1886, 4 volumes) – Course on fossil botany at the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle.
* Flore fossile, (1888–89, 2 volumes) with Charles René Zeiller – Fossil flora.
* Sur quelques microorganismes des combustibles fossiles, 1900 – On some micro-organisms found in fossil fuels.
# Euscelidius

Euscelidius is a genus of leafhoppers.

## Taxonomy

Euscelidius contains the following species:
* Euscelidius schenckii
* Euscelidius spathulatus
* Euscelidius variegatus
# Euscelis

Euscelis is a leafhopper genus in the subfamily Deltocephalinae.

## Species

* Euscelis alsioides Remane, 1967
* Euscelis alsius Ribaut, 1952
* Euscelis ancoripenis Remane, 1967
* Euscelis caucasica Emeljanov, 1962
* Euscelis caudata Osborn, 1926
* Euscelis chamaespartii Remane, 2002
* Euscelis corhelita Remane, 2002
* Euscelis curticeps Lindberg, 1927
* Euscelis distinguenda (Kirschbaum, 1858)
* Euscelis genisticola Remane, 1967
* Euscelis gredincola Remane, 2002
* Euscelis hamulus (Kuoh, 1981)
* Euscelis heptneri Zachvatkin, 1945
* Euscelis hiertalba Remane, 2002
* Euscelis himargeni Remane, 2002
* Euscelis incisa (Kirschbaum, 1858)
* Euscelis lineolata Brullé, 1832
* Euscelis marocisus Remane, 1988
* Euscelis nemesia (Cogan, 1916)
* Euscelis ohausi Wagner, 1939
* Euscelis ononidis Remane, 1967
* Euscelis ormaderensis Remane, 1968
* Euscelis quinquemaculata Osborn, 1923
* Euscelis remanei Strübing, 1980
* Euscelis seriphidii Emeljanov, 1962
* Euscelis siquadristriata Remane, 1967
* Euscelis taigacolus Dlabola, 1971
* Euscelis tuvensis Vilbaste, 1980
* Euscelis ulicis Ribaut, 1952
* Euscelis venitala Remane, Bückle & Guglielmino, 2005
* Euscelis venosa (Kirschbaum, 1868)
# Serrodes mediopallens

Serrodes mediopallens is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Louis Beethoven Prout in 1924. It is found on the Society Islands, New Caledonia, Fiji, French Polynesia and in Australia.
Adults pierce fruits to suck the juice and are considered a pest of Citrus in French Polynesia.
# Euspilotus conformis

Euspilotus conformis is a species of clown beetle in the family Histeridae. It is found in North America, with sightings mostly occurring in New Jersey and Florida, although it has been seen as far west as just east of the Rocky Mountains.
# Beriev A-60

The Beriev A-60 is a Russian airborne laser laboratory aircraft based on the Ilyushin Il-76MD transport— it was originally developed in the former Soviet Union for its airborne forces.
In the 1970s a special aviation complex was established by the Soviets at Taganrog machine-building factory to develop airborne laser technology for the Soviet military.
In 1977 Beriev OKB started the design of a flying laboratory designated '1А'. The purpose was to solve the complex scientific and engineering problems regarding the creation of an airborne laser and also to facilitate research on the distribution of beams in the top layers of an atmosphere. Work on this topic occurred with wide cooperation between the enterprises and the scientific organizations of the USSR, but the basic partner OKB was TsKB Almaz headed by B.V. Bunkin.

## Design and development

The Il-76MD was selected as the base aircraft for the flying laboratory. To accommodate the laser many changes were made to the basic IL-76 design, which drastically changed the appearance of the plane.
* In front, instead of the regular nosecone, it was fitted with a steerable beam director turret for targeting lidar (twenty years later, Boeing used a similar concept in the YAL-1 test platform, although for the main laser, not targeting).
* A large retractable dorsal turret was installed for main laser firing, as engineers found it impossible to fit the main laser aiming optics into the nosecone turret.
* Two large nacelles were installed along the lower edge of the fuselage. One housed the turbo generators used to power the laser, and another replaced the "chin" cabin, housing the targeting lidar's APU.
* The rear cargo doors were removed, although the ramp was retained, as it was a structural element.
* The tail gunner position was removed.
The problem of accommodating the laser gun was therefore solved and it did not spoil the aerodynamics of the base aircraft. The laser system was 1 MW, created by one of the branches of the Institute of Atomic Energy, Kurchatov. This carbon dioxide laser was developed for installation on the IL-76.
The '1A' flying laboratory first flew on 19 August 1981 under E.A. Lakhmostov.
On 29 August 1991, the crew led by test pilot V.P. Demyanovskiy flew the second flying laboratory which received the name '1А2' СССР-86879. A new variant of a laser system was installed as a result of tests on '1А'.
Apparently, after being mothballed for more than 15 years, the project was reactivated in May 2009, according to the eyewitness accounts about an A-60 spotted flying in the Rostov on Don and Taganrog regions. It is currently parked at Taganrog Airport at 47°11'53.92"N 38°51'46.05"E.
Russia has developed a military airborne laser mounted in a A-60, designated 1LK222 Sokol Eshelon. The second A-60 laboratory can be seen at this reference.

## Operators
### Soviet Union

* Soviet Air Force

### Russia

* Russian Aerospace Forces
# Berkmar, Virginia

Berkmar is an unincorporated community in Albemarle County, Virginia, United States. Berkmar is located in central Virginia, in north-west Albemarle County.
# Bertone Suagnà

The Bertone Suagnà is a concept car developed by Bertone in 2007 and based on the Fiat Grande Punto.
# Beringius crebricostatus

Beringius crebricostatus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks.
# Bessen

Bessen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* James Bessen (born 1950), American economist
* Mervyn Bessen (1913–2002), Australian sportsman
# Bessenay

Bessenay (French pronunciation:) is a commune of the Rhône department in eastern France.
# Berman Brothers (producers)

The Berman Brothers are the record production duo of siblings Frank and Christian Berman.

## Early life

The Bermans grew up in Riesenbeck, Germany.

## Careers

In 2006, the Bermans created and co-produced the album Rhythms del Mundo, with Cuban musicians including Ibrahim Ferrer and Omara Portuondo of the Buena Vista Social Club, and US and UK artists such as U2, Coldplay, Sting, Jack Johnson, Maroon 5, Arctic Monkeys, Franz Ferdinand, Kaiser Chiefs, and others. Rhythms del Mundo was released in over 61 countries and received sales awards. The project is in aid of Artists Project Earth (APE), which lends support for natural disaster relief and climate change awareness.
The Berman Brothers have created remixes for Real McCoy and have produced records for Hanson, Baha Men, and Sophie B Hawkins.
In 2014, the Bermans released Studio Rio Presents: The Brazil Connection; it sets the music of jazz classics to samba and bossa nova arrangements. Artists include Billie Holiday, Marvin Gaye, Aretha Franklin, Nina Simone, and Sly & The Family Stone. The Studio Rio version of "It's Your Thing" by The Isley Brothers was featured on the 2014 Fifa World Cup Album One Love, One Rhythm. The song was also used during the ESPN soccer World Cup coverage.
Their music has been used in television and film advertisements for Nissan, Casio, Lufthansa, Honda, and Lexus. Their songs have been used in the films Miss Congeniality and Parent Trap as well as in the television series House and The Sopranos.
# Bermad

BERMAD CS Ltd. is a developer and manufacturer of residential irrigation and water management systems for mining and construction.
The company was founded in 1965 as a producer of irrigation systems, mainly those found in agriculture. Its product offering includes a variety of industries, including filtration systems, reservoir management, air valves, water meters and fire protection solutions. Bermad has products that are marketed in 70 countries, through a number of subsidiaries and distributors around the world, including subsidiaries in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Brazil, Mexico, China, France, Singapore, Italy, Spain and India.

## Divisions

Bermad is divided into four different business units or divisions, each aimed at a different industry or market.

### Irrigation

Irrigation solutions have been the primary products developed since the founding of Bermad in 1965. The range of irrigation products includes hydraulic control valves and flow management products for a range of irrigation system types such as drip irrigation and sprinklers.

### Buildings & construction

The company's building & construction business unit includes a number of flow and distribution management products aimed at the construction industry, such as pressure and level control, pump and flow, dry pipes, and deluge valves.

### Waterworks

The waterworks unit offers pumping stations, water distribution grid networks and sewage management. This includes various water meters, pressure valves, and flow, pump, surge, level and burst control valves.

### Fire Protection

The fire protection unit offers sprinkler and fire fighting systems, with a number of products for fail-safe and flow management of water and other fire protection fluids or foams.
# Silvia (disambiguation)

Silvia is a given name and surname. Silvia may also refer to:
* Silvia, Cauca, a municipality in the Cauca Department, Colombia
* Nissan Silvia, an automobile sold in Japan
* Silvia is the name of two plant genera:
** Silvia in family Orobanchaceae
** Silvia in family Lauraceae
*** Silvia anacardioides, S. polyantha, and S. rondonii have been moved to Mezia itauba
*** Other species have been moved to genus Mezilaurus
* Anilios silvia, species of snake in the family Typhlopidae
* Piezocera silvia, species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae
* Rhea Silvia, in Roman mythology
* Silvia (gens), legendary family in Roman mythology
* Silvia, a character in William Shakespeare's play The Two Gentlemen of Verona, the love interest of protagonist Valentine
* Silvia, a character in the Viewtiful Joe series
* Silvia, the original name of the character Sylvando in the Japanese version of Dragon Quest XI
* "Silvia" (song), a song by the Swedish indie pop band Miike Snow
* SILVIA, Symbolically Isolated Linguistically Variable Intelligence Algorithms, an artificial intelligence platform technology created by Cognitive Code
* Silvia Rock, Duroch Islands, Antarctica
* Tropical Storm Silvia, a 1964 weather event in the Pacific
# Tahir, Beypazarı

Tahir is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Beypazarı, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 226 (2022).
# Therriault

Therriault is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Daniel Therriault (born 1953), American playwright, screenwriter and actor
* Devin Therriault (born 1988/89), American musician
* Gene Therriault (born 1960), American politician
* Michael Therriault, Canadian actor
# Germaine Djuidjé Kenmoé

Germaine Djuidjé Kenmoé (born 1973) is a Cameroonian physicist.

## Early life and education

Djuidjé Kenmoé was one of 25 children, her mother being her father's sixth wife. At the age of seven she insisted on going to primary school, walking 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) each way daily. The nearest secondary school was further away so one of her brothers taught her until a brother-in-law, who believed in women's education, paid for her to go to university and study physics. She graduated from the University of Yaoundé I with a first degree and planned to do a masters and doctorate, but family financial changes meant that she changed to a teacher training course, intending to finance her PhD studies from her teaching job. She met and married Aloyem Kaze at teaching college, but continued to work and study for her PhD which she achieved after seven years.

## Career

Djuidjé Kenmoé's research concerns friction and wear of surfaces. She has also published on the design of domestic solar energy supplies. In 2016 she was appointed associate professor in the department of physics at the University of Yaoundé I, having previously been teaching assistant, assistant lecturer and senior lecturer.

## Awards

Djuidjé Kenmoé won a 2018 OWSD-Elsevier Foundation Award, and a Fulbright Scholarship in the same year.

## Selected publications

* Djuidjé Kenmoé, Germaine (2011). Frictional stick-slip phenomena: Models for the study of the nanotribology with rigid and deformable substrates. Lambert Academic Publishing. ISBN 978-3844309737.
* Djuidjé Kenmoé, Germaine; Crépin Kofané, Timoléon (2011). "Frictional Stick-Slip Dynamics in a Deformable Potential". In Bhushan, Bharat (ed.). Scanning Probe Microscopy in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 2. NanoScience and Technology. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 533–549. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-10497-8_18. ISBN 978-3-642-10496-1.
# R v Pittwood

R v Pittwood [1902] is a case in English criminal law as to omission, specifically the duty to act to save others from physical harm, finding an omission that amounted to manslaughter.

## Facts

Railway crossing keeper, Pittwood, failed in his duty (by contract owed to his employer) to close a level crossing gate, leading to the death of a wagon driver after a train crashed into his horse and cart.

## Judgment

He was found guilty of manslaughter.
Mr Justice Wright ruled that depending on the facts, such as the contract in this case, there is a duty to act in the criminal law to save others from physical harm, including in the law of manslaughter.
# Shane Rhodes

Shane Rhodes is a Canadian poet.

## Life

He graduated from the University of New Brunswick, and currently lives in Ottawa.
He is a two-time winner of the Archibald Lampman Award for poetry. In 2008, when his work The Bindery won the award, Rhodes turned over half of the $1,500 prize money to the Wabano Centre for Aboriginal Health, a First Nations health centre. At the time the award was named the Lampman-Scott Award, honouring both Archibald Lampman and Duncan Campbell Scott, and Rhodes felt that Scott's legacy as a civil servant who was responsible for some of Canada's more controversial policy legacy on First Nations issues overshadowed his work as a pioneer of Canadian poetry.
Rhodes identifies as bisexual. His work was included in John Barton and Billeh Nickerson's 2007 anthology Seminal: The Anthology of Canada’s Gay Male Poets.

## Awards

* Alberta Book Award for poetry, for The Wireless Room
* 2003 Archibald Lampman Award, for Holding Pattern
* 2008 Lampman-Scott Award, for The Bindery
* The 2009 PK Page Founders Award for Poetry from the Malahat Review
* Winner of the 34th National Magazine Awards for poetry (2011)
* Winner of the 2018 City of Ottawa Book Award, for Dead White Men

## Works

* The Wireless Room. NeWest Press. 2000. ISBN 978-1-896300-15-3.
* Holding Pattern. NeWest Press. 2002. ISBN 978-1-896300-60-3.
* Tengo Sed. Greenboathouse Books. 2004. ISBN 978-1-894744-17-1. Chapbook
* The blues. Above/Ground Press. 2004. broadside
* The Bindery. NeWest Press. 2007. ISBN 978-1-897126-14-1.
* Err. Nightwood Editions. 2011. ISBN 978-0-88971-256-0.
* X. Nightwood Editions. 2013. ISBN 978-0-88971-288-1.
* Dead White Men. Coach House Books. 2017. ISBN 978-1-55245-345-2.

### Anthologies

* New Canadian Poetry. Even Jones, ed. Fitzhenry and Whiteside, 2000.
* Rob McLennan, ed. (2002). Side/lines: a new Canadian poetics. Insomniac Press. ISBN 978-1-894663-34-2.
* Lorna Crozier; Patrick Lane, eds. (2004). Breathing fire 2: Canada's new poets. Nightwood Editions. ISBN 978-0-88971-195-2.
* John Barton, Billeh Nickerson, ed. (June 1, 2007). Seminal: The Anthology of Canada's Gay Male Poets. Arsenal Pulp Press. ISBN 978-1-55152-217-3.
* The Best Canadian Poetry in English 2008. Stephanie Bolster, ed. Tightrope Books, 2008.
* Best Gay Poetry 2008. Lawrence Schimel, ed. A Midsummer Night's Press: New York, 2008.
* Ghost Fishing: An Eco-Justice Poetry Anthology. Melissa Tuckey, ed. University of Georgia Press, 2018.
# Epidichostates

Epidichostates is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae.
* Epidichostates molossus (Duvivier, 1892)
* Epidichostates strandi (Breuning, 1935)
# Barrosã

The Barrosã is a cattle breed from Portugal. The Barrosã breed has the protected geographical status of DOC (Denominação de Origem Controlada) from the European Commission.
# Barrou

Barrou (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.
# Barrot

Barrot is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

## French politicians and diplomats

* Adolphe Barrot (1801–1870), French diplomat
* Ferdinand Barrot (1806–1883), French politician
* Jacques Barrot (1937–2014), French politician
* Jean-Noël Barrot (born 1983), MoDem politician, Europe minister since 2025
* Odilon Barrot (1791–1873), French politician

## Other

* Bill Barrot (1944–2016), Australian rules football player
* Wes Barrot (born 1953), Australian rules football player
# Episode Engine

Episode Engine, an erstwhile server-oriented software tool developed by Jitendra Kumar Gupta for Telestream on the Mac platform, facilitated transcoding of video and audio across an extensive array of formats. These conversions enabled content distribution across multiple platforms such as the internet, broadcasting stations, DVDs, mobile phones, and a variety of portable devices.
Episode Engine has been reviewed by Jan Ozer from Streaming Media Magazine.

## Specifications

The software included support for the pass-through of closed captions and in-band VBI data. It simplified the creation of MXF XDCAM files for Avid workflows, with the aid of pre-configured settings templates. Similarly, encoding for delivery to Grass Valley K2, Harris Nexio, and Omneon Spectrum playout servers was streamlined through these templates. The software also offered improved assistance for the import and export of transport stream and program stream.

## End of Life

Currently, the Episode Engine has been declared deprecated and is recognized as a legacy product by Telestream. There were three tiers of products Episode, Episode Pro and Episode Engine, all of which reached end of life together in 2018.
The key milestone dates in the software's life cycle were:
* End of Sale: January 31, 2017
* End of Support: January 31, 2018
Even after the declared EOL, the Episode products will continue to operate, allowing users to utilize them as long as they fit into their respective workflows. However, Telestream discontinued support for these products after January 31, 2018.
# Epitaphios (Ritsos)

"Epitaphios" (Greek: Επιτάφιος, "Epitaph") is a poem by Yiannis Ritsos published in 1936.

## Inspiration

In May 1936, Ritsos had read about the great strike and demonstration of the tobacco workers of Thessaloniki in the newspaper Rizospastis. The peaceful protest had been drowned in blood by the dictatorial government of Ioannis Metaxas, with a total of twelve dead workers. The article included a photograph depicting a mother mourning over her dead child. This photo had a huge impact on Ritsos, and inspired him to write the poem:
I was locked in the attic of my house for two days and nights and I was writing, without eating and sleeping, on the third day, I couldn't stand it, I started to collapse...
He then delivered the first three poems to Euthyfronas Iliadis, who published them in Rizospastis.

## Editions

The poem first appeared as a work of 44 verses in Rizospastis on 12 May 1936, with a dedication to the workers of Thessaloniki. Soon after, a fuller version of 224 verses was published.
A first edition of 10,000 copies sold out almost entirely, a record number for these years. However, in August 1936 Ioannis Metaxas established the anti-communist 4th of August Regime, and the 250 remaining copies were burned at the Temple of Olympian Zeus at Athens, along with other "subversive" books.
The final text was published in a second edition in 1956, and runs to 324 verses divided into 20 parts or cantos, each with 16 verses in eight couplets, except for the last two, which run to 15 verses in nine couplets.
"Epitaphios" is Ritsos' most celebrated poem, as well as the work that made him known to the public.

## Musical setting

In 1960, composer Mikis Theodorakis set the poem to music. His composition combines "elements of the old Byzantine traditions, based on church plainsong and the Greek modes, with folk music and its more recent vocal and instrumental styles". With Grigoris Bithikotsis (vocals) and Manolis Chiotis (bouzouki), the recording featured two famous Rembetiko masters. Due to the seemingly popular style, Ritsos' 'high-art' lyrics became well known to Greeks across all social classes.
# Epitaphium

An epitaphium is a Latin epitaph.
Epitaphium may refer to the following works:

## Music

* Epitaphium (Stravinsky)
* Epitaphium (Waterhouse)
* Epitaphium Carpentarij, by Marc-Antoine Charpentier
* Epitaphium Joannis Hunyadi, by Kodály
* Epitaphium temporum pereunti, by Bronius Kutavicius
* Epitaphium Stanisław Wiechowicz in memoriam, Symphony No. 2 for choir and orchestra Krzysztof Meyer
* Epitaphium – Children of the Sun, by Jeffrey Lewis

## Poetry

* Epitaphium Citharistriae, by Victor Plarr
* Epitaphium Ansae reginae, to Ansa, Queen of the Lombards