OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jingkelong

Beijing Jingkelong Supermarket Chain Company Limited or Jingkelong (JKL; Chinese: 京客隆; pinyin: Jīngkèlóng, SEHK: 814) is a Chinese supermarket chain headquartered in Chaoyang District, Beijing.
As of 2015 it operates 280 retail outlets; including hypermarkets, supermarkets, convenience stores, and shopping centers; in Beijing and in Langfang, Hebei. The chain operates retail centers in 16 districts and counties in Beijing and Langfang.

## History

Beijing Guandongdian Shangsha (北京关东店商厦) was established in 1994, and the first chain store, Jingkelong Jingsong supermarket (京客隆劲松商城), opened in 1995. In 2002 Beijing Jingkelong Supermarket Chain Company Limited (北京京客隆超市连锁有限公司) was established, renaming itself to Beijing Jingkelong Supermarket Chain Group Company Limited (北京京客隆超市连锁集团有限公司) the same year. In 2004 the company renamed itself to Beijing Jingkelong Company Limited (北京京客隆商业集团股份有限公司) after reorganizing its assets.
In 2006 it made its second IPO attempt. Its first day of trading on the HKSE was September 25, 2006, and its shares went up 22% that day.
After its listing, it acquired eight stores from the Fulande retail chain. In 2007 it paid 50 million yuan to purchase an 11% stake in Shoulian and became 27th largest retailer in China.
# KPSD

KPSD may refer to:
* KPSD-FM, a radio station (97.1 FM) licensed to Faith, South Dakota, United States
* KPSD-TV, a television station (channel 25) licensed to Eagle Butte, South Dakota, United States
* KRLD-FM, a radio station that held the call letters KPSD from ? to ? licensed to Dallas, Texas, United States
* Knots per square decimeter
# Benzodioxine

Benzodioxine may refer to:
* 1,2-Benzodioxine
* 1,3-Benzodioxine
* 1,4-Benzodioxine
* 2,3-Benzodioxine
# Invergowrie, New South Wales

Invergowrie is a locality in the Uralla Shire local government area on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia. It is located about 16 km west of Armidale, about halfway between Sydney and Brisbane and approximately 200 km inland from Coffs Harbour on the Pacific coast. Invergowrie is a popular rural neighbourhood for staff of the University of New England. At the 2016 census, Invergowrie had a population of 775 people. It has a general store, a fuel station and a New South Wales Rural Fire Service station.
Invergowrie was named after the village Invergowrie in Scotland.
# Uganda Relationships Commission

The Uganda Relationships Commission, also known as the Munster Commission, was a body established by the Government of the United Kingdom to make recommendations on the best form of government for an independent Uganda.

## History

Britain had established the Uganda Protectorate in 1894, formalising British control over Uganda, but was by 1960 pursuing a policy of managed decolonisation. This required the establishment of what the British Government hoped would be stable, democratic institutions in her colonies, including Uganda.
The Relationships Commission was formally established by Reginald Maudling, as Secretary of State for the Colonies, on 15 December 1960. It was to be headed by the Earl of Munster and was tasked with "consider[ing] the future form of government best suited to Uganda the question of the relationship between the Central Government and the other authorities in Uganda". In this sense it was a particular response to the desire of the Kingdom of Buganda, as set out in its memorandum of 24 September 1960, to "go it alone" rather than continue progress towards a united Uganda as the British Government favoured. This disagreement had created significant political unrest in Buganda, culminating in the de facto Bugandan boycott of the general election held on the 23 March 1961.
The Commission started work in January 1961 and reported in June. It recommended "a federal position for Buganda, because she has virtually reached that position already, and a federal position for the three Kingdoms [of Bunyoro, Ankole and Toro]... The three Kingdoms would have substantial elements of federalism for their own internal purposes, but in relation to the Central government they would be in roughly the same position as the other districts [i.e. regions of Uganda not part of one of the Kingdoms]." The Commission also recommended the codification of Ugandan customary law.
The Commission's recommendations formed the basis for proposals discussed at the Ugandan Constitutional Conference, held at Lancaster House in September and October 1961.
# Latanier

Latanier may refer to
* Grup Latanier, a musical group from Mauritius
* Latanier palm, a common name for several species of palm trees
# Hilton Clarke (banker)

Hilton Swift Clarke CBE (1 April 1909 – December 1995) was a British banker who served as Principal of the Discount Office of the Bank of England from 1953 to 1967. The Daily Telegraph described him as a "master of the calculated indiscretion...Tall, dapper, and resplendent in his silk hat, he controlled the discount market with the force of his presence".

## Early life

Clarke was the son of a timber salesman and educated at Highgate School. Clarke joined the Bank of England shortly after his 18th birthday, where his elder brother was a clerk.

## Career

In 1938, Clarke joined the private office of the Governor of the Bank of England, Montagu Norman.
At the outbreak of the Second World War, Clarke helped establish the Bank of England's Exchange Control System and persuaded foreign exchange dealers in the City of London to join the new system. In 1942, Clarke was appointed Assistant Principal of the Dealing & Accounts Office of the Bank of England, became deputy principal of the Bank's Discount Office, and succeeded as Principal in 1953. The Discount Office of the Bank of England was in daily contact with the money markets and was where the discount houses of the City discounted or borrowed bills. The Principal of the Discount Office was often referred to as the 'Governor's eyes and ears in the city, as he was responsible for monitoring the activities of financial institutions. Clarke was Principal during the arrival of foreign banks attracted by the development of European currency markets. When a journalist suggested to Clarke that dollar ($) bills of exchange would soon be traded in the city, Clarke rebuked him by responding "Young man, I'll trouble you to remember that this institution has a branded product of its own".
Clarke observed of his work that "I always reckoned you were idling if you were sitting at your desk in the Bank. I loved putting on my top hat...dropping in on the banks, and having a chat".

## Later years

After his retirement from the Bank of England, Clarke served as chairman of the merchant bankers Charterhouse Japhet and Atlantic International Bank and of the money brokers Astley & Pearce. Clarke also served as a director of the United Dominions Trust and the Malaysian plantation company Guthrie. Clarke was also a member of the London board of the Bank of Scotland.
In 1984, Clarke was appointed a CBE. He was married twice, to his first wife, Sybil Slater, from 1934 until her death in 1975, with whom he had a son, and to Ann Marchant in 1984.
# Fluchthorn

The Fluchthorn or Piz Fenga is a mountain in the Silvretta Alps, located on the border between Austria and Switzerland. With a height of 3,399 metres (11,152 ft) above sea level, it is the second highest summit of the Silvretta Alps. The Fluchthorn lies between the Jamtal (Tyrol) and the Val Fenga (Graubünden). It consists of three summits of which the southern one was the highest.
The southern summit (including the summit cross) collapsed in a massive landslide which occurred on 11 June 2023 around 15:30 CEST. The main peak (south peak) lost 19 feet (5.8 m). It fell in the western area of the peak, in the Futschöl Valley. The landslide was attributed to permafrost melt due to global warming.
The middle peak (3,397 m) is now the highest point of the Fluchthorn and the second highest mountain of the Silvretta.
# KSPW

KSPW (96.5 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a contemporary hit radio format. It is licensed to Sparta, Missouri, United States, and serves Springfield, Missouri. The station is owned by SummitMedia.

## Station history

KSPW debuted on the air on February 21, 1988, as KJLR. By July 1988, it adopted an adult contemporary format as KLTQ under the branding "Q96". KLTQ changed to a hot country music format on January 18, 1992. KLTQ subsequently switched to a soft rock format and then changed to a format referred to as "maximum country" in March 1996. The station changed its call sign to KMXH in 1999. On March 23, 2001, KMXH switched to a rhythmic contemporary hits format. The station subsequently adopted the KSPW calls. The station patterned its rhythmic contemporary format after sister station KQCH/Omaha.
On August 29, 2012, Midwest Family Broadcasting classic hits "Star 92.9" KOSP dropped to a rhythmic CHR "92.9 The Beat". This put KSPW in direct competition with KOSP.
Journal Communications and the E. W. Scripps Company announced on July 30, 2014, that the two companies would merge to create a new broadcast company under the E.W. Scripps Company name that owned the two companies' broadcast properties, including KSPW. The transaction was completed in 2015, pending shareholder and regulatory approvals. Scripps exited radio in 2018; the Springfield stations went to SummitMedia in a four-market, $47 million deal completed on November 1, 2018.

## DJs

* Mornings: Fotsch and Sarah
* Middays & Afternoons: The Ginge
# Gordon Elementary School

Gordon Elementary School can refer to:
* California
** Gordon Elementary School in Fairfield, California – Fairfield-Suisun Unified School District
* Illinois
** John Gordon Elementary School in Posen, Illinois – Posen-Robbins School District 143½
* Michigan
** Gordon Elementary School in Marshall, Michigan – Marshall Public Schools
* New Jersey
** Robert Gordon Elementary School in Roselle Park, New Jersey – Roselle Park School District
* North Carolina
** Gordon Elementary School in Cameron, North Carolina (Fort Bragg) – U.S. Department of Defense Education Activity
* South Carolina
** Gordon Elementary School in Dillon, South Carolina – Dillon School District Four
** Rudolph Gordon Elementary School in Simpsonville, South Carolina – Greenville County Schools
* Tennessee
** Gordon Elementary School in Memphis, Tennessee – Memphis City Schools
* Texas
** Maud W. Gordon Elementary School (now the Mandarin Chinese Language Immersion Magnet School) in Bellaire, Texas (Greater Houston) – Houston Independent School District
* Virginia
** W. W. Gordon Elementary School near Richmond, Virginia – Chesterfield County Public Schools
* Washington
** Richard Gordon Elementary School in Kingston, Washington – North Kitsap School District
# TAHS

Tahs or TAHS may refer to:
* The Alejandro Hernández Show, a Venezuelan web series
* Thomas Alleyne's High School, Uttoxeter, Staffordshire, England
* Turner Ashby High School, Bridgewater, Virginia, United States
* New South Wales Waratahs, an Australian rugby union football team
# Eupithecia chimera

Eupithecia chimera is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Mexico.
# Hayashizaki Bunko

The Hayashizaki Bunkō (林崎文庫) was a library and academy in the Edo period located in the Ujiimazaikecho neighborhood of the city of Ise, Mie, Japan. It was an important resource for kokugaku scholars in the Bakumatsu period. The building once housing the collection was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1954.

## Overview

The Hayashizaki Bunko was initially built in 1686 with a donation of 150 Ryō at a location called "Maruyama" at the base of Mount Tsutsumi to house a collection of manuscripts and ancient books from the collection of the Naikū of Ise Grand Shrine. The original site was found to have high humidity and top be prone to flooding, so the collection was relocated to its present location in 1690. The collection was expanded by donations from various noted families in the area. The facilities were expanded in the Tenmei (1781–1789) era by the son-in-law of kokugaku scholar Tanikawa Kotosuga, who added lecture halls for visiting scholars to give presentations. Fellow kokugaku scholar Motoori Norinaga used the collection often for his research, and donated 2,602 works from his own collection to the library. The buildings were repaired in the Bunsei (1818–1830) era. However, the facility relied heavily on support from the Tokugawa shogunate for its expenses, and was abolished after the Meiji restoration. Its collection, which contained 10,978 books at that time, became part of the Jingū Library in 1897.
The building is a two-minute walk from the "Naiku Mae" bus stop on the Mie Kotsu Bus from Iseshi Station on the JR Sangū Line. It is managed by the Ise Grand Shrine, and is open to the public only for a few days each year, during the spring and autumn shrine festivals. At those times, the outside of the building can be viewed from the gardens, but otherwise only the gate can be seen by the public.
# Latania loddigesii

Latania loddigesii is a species of palm tree. The species is named in honor of Joachim Loddiges. It is endemic to Mauritius, where the only remaining populations are located on the offshore islands. It is also grown as an ornamental plant. Its common names include latanier de l'Ile Ronde and latanier de Maurice.

## Gallery

* Leaves
* Young plant: note red veining
* Crown and fruit
* Seeds
# John Marshall Harlan High School

John Marshall Harlan High School may refer to:
* Harlan Community Academy High School - Chicago
* John Marshall Harlan High School - Unincorporated Bexar County, Texas, near San Antonio
# Hadamard manifold

In mathematics, a Hadamard manifold, named after Jacques Hadamard — more often called a Cartan–Hadamard manifold, after Élie Cartan — is a Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ that is complete and simply connected and has everywhere non-positive sectional curvature. By Cartan–Hadamard theorem all Cartan–Hadamard manifolds are diffeomorphic to the Euclidean space $\mathbb {R} ^{n}.$ Furthermore it follows from the Hopf–Rinow theorem that every pairs of points in a Cartan–Hadamard manifold may be connected by a unique geodesic segment. Thus Cartan–Hadamard manifolds are some of the closest relatives of $\mathbb {R} ^{n}.$

## Examples

The Euclidean space $\mathbb {R} ^{n}$ with its usual metric is a Cartan–Hadamard manifold with constant sectional curvature equal to $0.$
Standard $n$-dimensional hyperbolic space $\mathbb {H} ^{n}$ is a Cartan–Hadamard manifold with constant sectional curvature equal to $-1.$

## Properties

In Cartan-Hadamard manifolds, the map $\exp _{p}:\operatorname {T} M_{p}\to M$ is a diffeomorphism for all $p\in M.$
# Piracy is theft

"Piracy is theft" was a slogan used by UK non-profit organization FAST (Federation Against Software Theft). It was first used in the 1980s and has since then been used by other similar organisations such as MPAA (now the MPA). It has also been used as a statement, although that has been challenged as being inaccurate.
Copyright holders frequently refer to copyright infringement as theft, although such misuse has been rejected by legislatures and courts. In copyright law, infringement does not refer to theft of physical objects that take away the owner's possession, but an instance where a person exercises one of the exclusive rights of the copyright holder without authorization. Courts have distinguished between copyright infringement and theft. For instance, the United States Supreme Court held in Dowling v. United States (1985) that bootleg phonorecords did not constitute stolen property. Instead,
   "interference with copyright does not easily equate with theft, conversion, or fraud. The Copyright Act even employs a separate term of art to define one who misappropriates a copyright: '[...] an infringer of the copyright.'"
The court said that in the case of copyright infringement, the province guaranteed to the copyright holder by copyright law – certain exclusive rights – is invaded, but no control, physical or otherwise, is taken over the copyright, nor is the copyright holder wholly deprived of using the copyrighted work or exercising the exclusive rights held.
The Software & Information Industry Association has claimed that "piracy is stealing," even in light of the legal difference between copyright infringement and theft.
# Gordon Edes

Gordon Edes (born Sept. 24, 1954) is an American sportswriter who as a beat reporter covered all four major professional U.S. leagues (MLB, NFL, NBA, NHL) in the course of a nearly 40-year career that began in 1976 with the Chicago Tribune. Edes also served nearly five years as historian and strategic communications adviser for the Boston Red Sox, a team he covered for 18 years for the Boston Globe and ESPN.

## Career

Born in Fitchburg, Massachusetts, Edes moved with his family to nearby Lunenburg in 1963, graduating from Lunenburg High School in 1972. His interest in sportswriting began in high school, when he served as a stringer for the Fitchburg Sentinel, Leominster Enterprise and Worcester Telegram, reporting on high school sports and men’s softball leagues. In the fall of 1972, in his first month at North Park College (now University), Edes was hired as a copy clerk by the Chicago Tribune, and in 1976, just two classes shy of graduation, he was hired as a copy editor by the Tribune, joining the sports department. Edes finished his education by taking two online courses in the summer of 2019 and was awarded his Bachelor of Arts degree in history by North Park.
At 25, Edes was hired as a full-time reporter by the Los Angeles Times in 1980, starting as a beat reporter assigned to the Los Angeles Kings of the NHL. In his nearly nine years at the Times, Edes was a beat reporter for the NFL’s Rams (1982), MLB’s Dodgers (1983-86, ‘89) and Lakers (1986-88), one of the few reporters to serve as a beat reporter in all four sports. He also covered Winter Olympics in Sarajevo in 1984, and Calgary in 1988.
Edes also worked for the Atlanta Journal-Constitution (1989), National Sports Daily (1990-91), Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel (1991-96) and Globe (1996-2008), in addition to Yahoo! (2008-9) and ESPN (2009-2015). He wrote a column for the Sun-Sentinel and the Sunday Baseball Notes and On Baseball columns for the Globe.
Edes has been voted a top 10 finalist 10 times in the Associated Press Sports Editors annual contest writing, across Game Story, Project Reporting, Breaking News, Explanatory, Enterprise, Features, News and Investigative categories. He has covered 24 World Series, 4 Super Bowls, 2 Olympics, 2 Stanley Cup Finals, 2 NBA Finals, a Canada Cup, and Orange Bowl and Rose Bowl games. Assignments have taken him beyond the U.S. and Canada to The Netherlands, Austria, Bulgaria, Cuba, Yugoslavia, Japan, Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico.
Edes also made regular television appearances on ESPN, NESN, and local media outlets in south Florida and Boston, including a weekly appearance on “Sunday Night Sports Final” on WBZ-TV in Boston, with Bob Lobel, Dan Roche and Steve Burton. He also made numerous radio appearances on stations throughout New England, moderated five panels at the Massachusetts Historical Society, and in 2020 served as host on "The Great Fenway Park Writers Series" originated by the late George Mitrovich.
# Jinziyan Dong and Miao Ethnic Township

Jinziyan Dong and Miao Ethnic Township (Chinese: 金子岩侗族苗族乡) is an ethnic township in Huitong County, Hunan, China. As of the 2019 census it had a population of 33,689 and an area of 243.88-square-kilometre (94.16 sq mi).

## Administrative division

As of 2023, the township is divided into 26 villages:
* Jinziyan (金子岩村)
* Chenjia (陈家村)
* Shuangjiang (双江村)
* Muli (木力村)
* Pinxi (品溪村)
* Yuanzhen (元贞村)
* Jinyukou (金鱼口村)
* Chaxi (茶溪村)
* Niwan (泥湾村)
* Wangjiaping (王家坪村)
* Xinhua (新华村)
* Congshujiao (枞树脚村)
* Heping (和平村)
* Jiaoniang (交粮村)
* Lixi (利溪村)
* Xiabatang (下坝塘村)
* Changtan (长滩村)
* Pingmo (坪磨村)
* Chongjiaoyang (冲脚羊村)
* Baishi (白市村)
* Baishixikou (白市溪口村)
* Xiaoshi (小市村)
* Chitu (赤土村)
* Xiaohongjiang (小洪江村)
* Santian (三田村)
* Changzhai Lianhe (长寨联合村)

## History

The region belonged to Fengshan Township (丰山乡) during the Republic of China.
After the founding of the Communist State, in 1950, it came under the jurisdiction of the 7th District of Huitong County. In June 1955, it was under the jurisdiction of Shaxi District (沙溪区). Jinziyan Township (金子岩乡) was set up in 1956. It was renamed Wangjiaping People's Commune (王家坪人民公社) in October 1958 and renamed again Jinziyan People's Commune (金子岩人民公社) in 1961. In May 1984, it reverted to its former name of Jinziyan Township. It was designated as an ethnic township (金子岩侗族苗族乡) in October 1997. In December 2015, Changzhai Township (长寨乡) and Wangjiaping Township (王家坪乡) were merged into Jinziyan Dong and Miao Ethnic Township.

## Geography

Jinziyan Dong and Miao Ethnic Township lies at the southeastern of Huitong County, bordering Shaxi Township to the west, Suining County to the south and east, and Wangjiaping Township to the north.
The highest point in the township is Guanyin Hillside (观音坡), which, at 771.3 metres (2,531 ft) above sea level. The lowest point is Dashazhou (大沙洲; 'Big Sandbar'), which, at 200 metres (660 ft) above sea level.
The Wushui River (巫水河) flows through the eastern township south to north.

## Economy

The main industries in and around the township are farming and forestry. The region abounds with iron.

## Demographics

As of 2019, the National Bureau of Statistics of China estimates the township's population now to be 33,689.
# Eupithecia christophi

Eupithecia christophi is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in southern Transcaucasia.
# Ova, Kentucky

Ova is an unincorporated community located in Magoffin County, Kentucky, United States.
# Himmelblau's function

In mathematical optimization, Himmelblau's function is a multi-modal function, used to test the performance of optimization algorithms. The function is defined by:
    $f(x,y)=(x^{2}+y-11)^{2}+(x+y^{2}-7)^{2}.\quad$
It has one local maximum at $x=-0.270845$ and $y=-0.923039$ where $f(x,y)=181.617$, and four identical local minima:
* $f(3.0,2.0)=0.0,\quad$
* $f(-2.805118,3.131312)=0.0,\quad$
* $f(-3.779310,-3.283186)=0.0,\quad$
* $f(3.584428,-1.848126)=0.0.\quad$
The locations of all the minima can be found analytically. However, because they are roots of quartic polynomials, when written in terms of radicals, the expressions are somewhat complicated.
The function is named after David Mautner Himmelblau (1924–2011), who introduced it.
# Florentina Mallá

Florentina Mallá (14 July 1891 – 7 June 1973) was a Czechoslovak composer and pianist. She studied piano with Josef Jiránek at the Prague Conservatory. After graduating in 1913, she studied composition privately with Vítězslav Novák. She stopped composing during the communist years. Her works include didactic piano compositions, a sonatina and preludium for piano and about fifty songs. She died in Prague.
# Pinalia acutifolia

Pinalia acutifolia is a species of plant within the orchid family. It is native to the Indian subcontinent.
# Stigmella ficivora

Stigmella ficivora is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It was described by Gustafsson in 1985. It is endemic to Gambia where it is found only in one city called Bakau.
The larvae feed on Ficus parasitica species. They probably mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Habroteleia soa

Habroteleia soa is a species of wasp belonging to the family Platygastridae. It is the most geographically disjunct member of the genus, which is separated by other members by the Indian Ocean. It is found in Papua New Guinea and Indonesia.

## Etymology

The specific name soa is from the Malagasy word beautiful or excellent.

## Description

The females are about 3.72 mm long. Mesosoma and metasoma are black; antennae scrobe smooth and central keel present.
# Palazzo Eni

Palazzo Eni (also Palazzo ENI) is an office skyscraper in Rome, Italy. It is 80 meters tall and has 22 floors. At the time of its completion in 1962, it was the tallest building in Rome. As of 2015, it is the third tallest building in the city, after Torre Eurosky and Torre Europarco. It lies within the EUR district of Rome and hosts the headquarters of Eni, an Italian multinational oil and gas company.