OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Smith & Wesson Safety Hammerless

The Smith & Wesson Safety Hammerless or Smith & Wesson New Departure (nicknamed by collectors as the Lemon Squeezer) is a double-action revolver that was produced from 1887 to 1940 by Smith & Wesson. Based on the Smith & Wesson Model 2 double-action design, the revolver incorporated an internal hammer and an external grip safety on its back-strap. It was chambered in .32 S&W and .38 S&W calibers; these revolvers were discontinued prior to World War II, being eclipsed by the stronger hand ejector models.

## .32 and .38 Safety Hammerless models

The Smith & Wesson .38 Safety Hammerless models were produced from 1887 (1888 for the 32) to just before World War II. They were chambered in either .32 S&W or .38 S&W with a five-shot cylinder. They were most often produced with a 2-inch, 3-inch, or 3.5-inch barrels; but some 6" barrelled versions are known to exist.
These top-break revolvers were designed for fast reloading and concealed carry as the hammer was internal and would not snag on drawing the revolver from a pocket. They were known as "The New Departure" to reflect the company's new approach to designing revolvers.
Minor design changes were made to these revolvers over the years, resulting in several different design models, as termed by collectors. The first model was manufactured from 1887 to 1902. The .38 was based on S&W's medium frame, while the .32 was based on the smaller sized "1½" frame.

## Return of the hammerless

In 1952 the safety hammerless concept was applied to Smith & Wesson's J-frame. The finished product became the Model 40 and 42 chambered in .38 Special and is alternately known as the Smith & Wesson Centennial as it was produced in the 100th anniversary of the founding of Smith & Wesson. While few competitors replicated the grip safety, the internal hammer or "hammerless" design proved popular with other manufacturers such as Iver Johnson and Harrington & Richardson. The Centennial (without grip safeties) are still made by S&W, and have been copied by other revolver manufacturers.
# Leocyma fustina

Leocyma fustina is a moth of the family Nolidae. It is found in Sierra Leone.
# Gentleman's Dub Club

Gentleman's Dub Club are a British dub band, originating from Leeds, Yorkshire.

## Biography

Having built a reputation for delivering energetic live shows, the group has played for crowds from Goa to Glastonbury, Bestival, V Festival, Secret Garden Party, France's Telerama Dub Festival, Poland's Ostróda Reggae Festival, and Croatia's Outlook Festival. Their records remain within the top 40 of the iTunes store album reggae charts since release, hailing support from some of the UK's most prominent underground representatives including Huw Stephens (BBC Radio 1), Rob Da Bank (BBC Radio 1), David Rodigan (BBC Radio 1Xtra), and Don Letts (BBC Radio 6 Music).
Gentleman's Dub Club have supported a number of established artists such as Roots Manuva, The Streets, The Wailers, Busy Signal, U-Roy, and Finlay Quaye. Their debut album, FOURtyFOUR, was released on 18 October 2013 on Ranking Records.
Their second album The Big Smoke was released in 2015. On 1 February 2017 Gentleman's Dub Club announced their third album, titled Dubtopia, would be released on 7 April. At the same time, the band also launched the Dubtopia tour, starting in Falmouth, Cornwall, UK on 17 February and ending at Festival Insolent in Lanester, France on 22 April.

## Discography
### Studio albums

| Year | Album details | Peak chart positions |
| Year | Album details | UK |
| 2009 | Members Only EP Released: 23 March 2009 Label: Ranking Records Formats: CD, digital download | - |
| 2012 | Open Your Eyes EP Released: 12 March 2012 Label: Ranking Records Formats: CD, digital download | - |
| 2013 | FOURtyFOUR Released: 18 October 2013 Label: Ranking Records Formats: CD, digital download | - |
| 2015 | The Big Smoke Released: 13 November 2015 Label: Easy Star Records Formats: CD, digital download, vinyl | - |
| 2017 | Dubtopia Released: 7 April 2017 Label: Easy Star Records Formats: CD, digital download, vinyl | - |
| 2018 | Pound for Pound (vs. The Next Men) Released: 22 June 2018 Label: Pound for Pound Formats: CD, digital download, vinyl | |
| 2019 | Lost in Space Released: 25 January 2019 Label: Easy Star Records Formats: CD, digital download, vinyl | |
| 2021 | Down to Earth Released: 12 March 2021 Label: Easy Star Records Formats: CD, digital download, vinyl | |
# Jacques de Guyse

Jacques de Guyse (Latin: Iacobus de Guisia; 1334−1399) was a Franciscan historian of the County of Hainaut.
Guyse was born in 1334 in Mons in the County of Hainaut. After studying at the University of Paris, where he obtained a doctorate in theology, he returned to Hainaut, where he died at Valenciennes in 1399.
His main work is the wide-ranging Annales Historiae Illustrium Principum Hannoniae ("Annals of the History of Illustrious Princes of Hainaut") in which he covered the history of Hainaut from its mythological beginnings to the year 1254. He cited the otherwise unknown historians Lucius of Tongres, Hugh of Toul, Nicolas Rucléri and Clairembault. Initially this work did not get much attention, but half a century later it was translated from Latin to French by Jean Wauquelin and richly illuminated.
# Tower of Jewels (Lakeside Amusement Park)

The Tower of Jewels is the centerpiece of Lakeside Amusement Park at the town of Lakeside, Colorado, just west of Denver. One of the tallest buildings in Colorado when it was built, it stands 150 feet tall and features over 5,000 lights.
The tower was designed by prominent Denver architect Edwin H. Moorman, and ground was broken on September 24, 1907. It was originally topped by a great 10 kilocandela spotlight used on the Ferris Wheel at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair. The tower building itself was originally the park casino and casino theater, and today houses park offices. It is one of the original 15 buildings of the park, built by the Lakeside Realty & Amusement Company (commonly known as the Brewers Syndicate), headed by prominent Denver brewer Adolph Zang and including Godfrey Schirmer, Peter J. Friederich, John A. Keefe and Albert Lewin.
# Odo II, Margrave of the Saxon Ostmark

Odo II (died 1032) was the only son of Thietmar, Margrave of the Saxon Ostmark. He succeeded his father in January 1030. All that is known of him is that he left no issue, dying most likely prior to achieving majority. He was succeeded by his brother-in-law, Dedo. The Ostmark, however, was so diminished that nothing remained of it for Dedo save Lower Lusatia.
# Jal R. Patel

Jal Ratanji Patel was an Indian physician, who attended to Mohammed Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan, during the years the latter was being treated for Tuberculosis. Patel, who was born into a Parsi family, kept Jinnah's disease a secret which had impact on the Partition of India. In his book Freedom at Midnight, Dominique Lapierre claimed that Patel had handed over a confidential file pertaining to Jinnah, and that Patel kept his patient's condition a secret on the patient's advice. The Government of India awarded Patel Padma Bhushan, the third highest Indian civilian award, in 1962.
* India portal
* Medicine portal
# H. Orton Wiley House

The H. Orton Wiley House, located at 524 E. Dewey in Nampa, Idaho, was built in 1922. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. It has also been known as Wiley Alumni House.
It is a two-story brick house on the edge of the campus of Northwest Nazarene University.
It is significant for its "association with the organization and early development of Northwest Nazarene College and with the college's first president, H. Orton Wiley. Built in 1922-23, the house is the only building that survives to represent the early era in Northwest Nazarene College history."
# Jagath Balasuriya

Jagath Balasuriya (born 21 November 1940) is the Minister of National Heritage in the Sri Lankan government. He belongs to the Sri Lanka Freedom Party. He was acting Governor of Central Province in 2005 from September to December.
# H. A. Humphrey

Herbert Alfred Humphrey MInstCE MIMechE MIEE FCGI (2 December 1868 – 9 March 1951) was a British engineer, inventor of the Humphrey pump.

## Early life and education

Humphrey was born in Gospel Oak, London, to Louisa (née Frost, 1831–1911) and John Charles Humphrey (1833–1903). His mother had been a dressmaker before marriage, and his father was a clerk at the London Metropolitan Board of Works and later London County Council. Edith Humphrey, thought to be the first British woman to obtain a doctorate in chemistry, was his younger sister. He trained at the Finsbury Technical College and the Central Institution (which later became the City and Guilds College).

## Career and the invention of the Humphrey pump

After graduating from college, Humphrey was employed for four years by Heenan & Froude at their Newton Heath iron works before joining Brunner Mond in Northwich as the engineering manager of their refined bicarbonate and crystal department. In 1901, at the age of 33, Humphrey set up his own engineering consultancy in London. The consultancy was setup with the support of Ludwig Mond and performed research work for Brunner Mond, specifically to find industrial and commercial uses for Mond gas.
In 1906, Humphery wrote his first patent covering the workings of the Humphrey pump (a large internal combustion gas-fueled liquid piston pump). Humphrey worked on the development and marketing of the pump between 1906 and 1914. A Humphrey pump was exhibited at the 1910 Brussels Exhibition, where it was awarded two Grands Prix. Licenses to produce the Humphrey pump and Humphrey cycle engines were negotiated with a number of firms including Beardmore, Brown Boveri and Siemens. Ultimately only ten Humphrey pumps were built for commercial operation, however some continued in service into the 1960s.
During World War I, Humphrey offered his services to the War Office where he worked on improving the production of explosives. After the war, Humphrey returned to consultancy and was associated with Imperial Chemical Industries until his retirement in 1941.
Humphrey was awarded the Melchett Medal in 1939 by the Institute of Fuel.

## Personal life

Humphrey was married to Mary Elizabeth Horniblow. They had three sons and two daughters, including the bacteriologist John H. Humphrey. In 1945, Hebert Humphrey moved to Hermanus, Cape Province, Union of South Africa. He died there in 1951.
A collection of Humphrey's papers is held in the archives of Imperial College London.
# Toshio Moriuchi

Toshio Moriuchi (森内 俊雄, Moriuchi Toshio, December 12, 1936 – August 5, 2023) was a Japanese author. He was born in Osaka Prefecture and graduated from Waseda University. He won the 42nd Yomiuri Prize (1990) for Hyōga ga kuru made ni.
Moriuchi died from pneumonia on August 5, 2023, at the age of 86.
# Toshio Masuda filmography

Filmography of Toshio Masuda
Between 1958 and 1992, Toshio Masuda directed 82 feature films, 52 of which occurred over a decade at the Nikkatsu Company.
| Year | Title | Japanese | Romanization |
| 1958 | Red Quay | 赤い波止場 | Akai hatoba |
| 1958 | Rusty Knife | 錆びたナイフ | Sabita naifu |
| 1959 | The Man Who Risked Heaven and Earth | 天と地を駈ける男 | Ten to chi o kakeru otoko |
| 1960 | The Brawler | 喧嘩太郎 | Kenka Tarō |
| 1960 | Man at the Bullfight | 闘牛に賭ける男 | Togyu ni kakeru otoko |
| 1962 | Hana and Ryu | 花と竜 | Hana to Ryu |
| 1964 | Red Handkerchief | 赤いハンカチ | Akai hankachi |
| 1973 | The Human Revolution | 人間革命 | Ningen Kakumei |
| 1974 | Catastrophe 1999: The Prophecies of Nostradamus | ノストラダムスの大予言 | Nosutoradamusu no daiyogen |
| 1976 | The Human Revolution 2 | 続人間革命 | Zoku ningen kakumei |
| 1978 | Farewell to Space Battleship Yamato | さらば宇宙戦艦ヤマト　愛の戦士たち | Saraba uchu senkan Yamato: Ai no senshitachi |
| 1980 | The Battle of Port Arthur, also known as 203 kochi | 二百三高地 | Ni hyaku san kochi |
| 1980 | Be Forever Yamato | ヤマトよ永遠に | Yamato yo towa ni |
| 1982 | The Great Japanese Empire | 大日本帝国 | Dainippon teikoku |
| 1982 | High Teen Boogie | ハイティーン・ブギ | Hai tiin bugi |
| 1985 | Love: Take Off | 愛・旅立ち | Ai: Tabidachi |
| 1987 | Tokyo Blackout | 首都消失 | Shuto shōshitsu |
| 1989 | Shaso | 社葬 | Shaso |
| 1991 | Doten | 動天 | Dōten |
# Track and field at the 2011 Military World Games – Women's marathon

The women's marathon event at the 2011 Military World Games was held on 17 July at the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange.

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world and CISM record were as follows:
| World Record | Paula Radcliffe (GBR) | 2:15:25 | London, Great Britain | 13 April 2003 |
| CISM World Record | Rosaria Console (ITA) | 2:30:44 | Carpi, Italy | 12 October 2008 |

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| 17 July 2011 | 7:00 | Final |

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Kim Kum-Ok North Korea | Wei Yanan China | Helalia Johannes Namibia |

## Results

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | Kim Kum-Ok | North Korea | 2:35:22 |
| | Wei Yanan | China | 2:36:19 |
| | Helalia Johannes | Namibia | 2:37:15 |
| 4 | Winfrida Kwamboka Nyansikera | Kenya | 2:39:49 |
| 5 | Monika Drybulska | Poland | 2:50:47 |
| 6 | Épiphanie Nyirabaramé | Rwanda | 2:51:58 |
| 7 | Denise Campos | Brazil | 2:52:05 |
| 8 | Helene Willix | Sweden | 2:52:38 |
| 9 | Gisele de Jesus | Brazil | 2:53:33 |
| 10 | Cornelia Schindler | Germany | 2:55:45 |
| 11 | Ksenija Bubnjević | Serbia | 3:16:32 |
| 12 | Karen Kaizer | Canada | 3:23:31 |
| | Gina Marie Slaby | United States | DNF |
| | Rasa Drazdauskaite | Lithuania | DNS |
| | Lineo Lebotha | Lesotho | DNS |
| | Chuan Luo | China | DNS |
| | Jacqueline Sakilu | Tanzania | DNS |
# Old Aloysians RFC

Old Aloysians RFC was an amateur rugby union club in Glasgow, Scotland. The club no longer exists. In 1990, they merged with rivals Hutcheson's GSFP to form Hutchesons Aloysians.

## History
### Formation

The club was formed in 1955 by former pupils of the St. Aloysius College in Garnethill, Glasgow. Initially the team was formed for the sole purpose of a challenge match against the St. Aloysius College 1st XV rugby side. (An Old Aloysians FC side was previously formed to play football and competed in the West Amateur Cup.)
The success of the 1955 challenge match led to the Old Aloysians club being founded on a permanent basis and regular fixtures were arranged.
The first fixture was against Hutcheson's GSFP, coinciding with the invitation from Hutchesons’ Grammar School to Saint Aloysius’ College Ist XV to undertake regular fixtures.

### Open side

Although the club was fed by the former pupils of St. Aloysius College, it was an 'open' club and membership was open to non-former pupils.

### National League

The side joined the National League in 1973. During the 1980s it slid from Division 4 to Division 6 in season 1988–89.
Initially, there was optimism for the coming season 1989-90 as the team felt comfortably placed in Division 6. It had also seen a tour by Milan University RFC to play the side in 1988–89. It was hoped that as last season's St. Aloysius College 1st XV was successful, its graduates might bolster the side and boost, in particular, the away record of the Old Aloysians side.
For the 1989–90 season, the club had organised that Preston Grasshoppers would play the side on their tour.
However this start of season optimism was misplaced. They finished bottom of Division 6 with only 1 win and 1 draw in the league campaign, conceding 253 points in the process. At the end of the season the club was to be relegated to Division 7.
This led to thoughts of merger and the Old Aloysians began talks with Hutcheson's GSFP.

## Merger

It was noted at the end of season 1989-90 that Hutcheson's GSFP and Old Aloysians were considering a merger. This was not without its detractors as The Glasgow Herald newspaper then noted: 'Some of the old boys of both Hutchie and Wally Dishes - as the Jesuit College in Garnethill was often less than affectionately known - are already convinced it is a bad idea.'
The Old Aloysians members approved the merger first.
The Old Aloysians were about to be found, from next season 1990–91, in Division 7 of the McEwan's National League, having just been relegated from Division 6 in the current season.
The merger then just had to be approved by Hutcheson's GSFP to go through.
The SRU chief at the time, a former President of Hutchesons GSFP RFC, Jimmy McNeil, declared himself neutral on the merger. This was taken as tacit acceptance and the merger went through by 57 votes to 8 on Thursday 24 May 1990 at a Hutchesons GSFP EGM.
The new club Hutchesons Aloysians would take Hutcheson's GSFP's place in the league in Division 4 of the McEwan's National League for the coming 1990–91 season.

## Honours

* McEwans Division 5 winners: 1977-78
# Jalan Templer

Jalan Templer is a major road in Petaling Jaya city, Selangor, Malaysia. It was the first road built in Petaling Jaya and was called Jalan 1 or Road 1. The road was named after the former British High Commissioner in Malaya, Sir Gerald Templer.

## Landmarks

* SJK (T) Viviekananda
* Maktab Kerjasama Malaysia (MKM)
* Petaling Jaya Assumption Church
* Assunta Hospital
* Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Jamek Mosque
# Towle Valley

Towle Valley (76°41′S 160°45′E﻿ / ﻿76.683°S 160.750°E﻿ / -76.683; 160.750) is the deep valley formerly occupied by the head of Towle Glacier, lying immediately west of Towle Glacier in the Convoy Range of Victoria Land, Antarctica.

## Exploration and naming

Towle Valley was mapped in 1957 by the New Zealand Northern Survey Party of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition (1956–58). It was named by them for the USNS Private John R. Towle, an American freighter which carried a large part of the New Zealand stores south in December 1956.

## Features

The glacier runs east of northeast to Fry Glacier between Elkhorn Ridge to the south and Eastwind Ridge to the north. The valley is at its former head. Features include

### Hurricane Heights

76°44′S 160°40′E﻿ / ﻿76.733°S 160.667°E﻿ / -76.733; 160.667. The irregular, mainly ice-free heights which rise to about 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) at the south side of the head of Towle Valley. The name was applied by a 1989-90 NZARP field party to describe the windy aspect of this upland area.

### Mount Shadbolt

76°41′S 160°28′E﻿ / ﻿76.683°S 160.467°E﻿ / -76.683; 160.467. The highest summit, 2,270 metres (7,450 ft) high, in the north part of the Convoy Range, standing at the north side of the head of Towle Valley. Named by the 1976-77 Victoria University's Antarctic Expeditions (VUWAE), led by Christopher J. Burgess, after New Zealand author Maurice Shadbolt.
# Jagdstaffel 16

Royal Bavarian Jagdstaffel 16 was a "hunting group" (i.e., fighter squadron) of the Luftstreitkräfte, the air arm of the Imperial German Army during World War I.

## History

Royal Bavarian Jagdstaffel 16 was founded from two ad hoc predecessor units — a Bavarian reconnaissance unit, Flieger Abteilung 9, and Kampfeinsitzer-Kommando Ensisheim. These two units were amalgamated on 16 October 1916, while posted in Armee-Abteilung B Sector. Oberleutnant Otto Deßloch commanded this nascent squadron the few days it took to be designated Jagdstaffel 16, on 1 November. By the time it disbanded just two years later, it had established its credentials as a balloon buster squadron, with an even two dozen enemy observation balloons destroyed, as well as 58 victories over enemy aircraft.

## Commanding officers (Staffelführer)

* Paul Kremer: 1 November 1916 – 8 July 1917
* Heinrich Geigl: 18 July 1917 – 20 August 1917
* Robert Dycke: 20 August 1917 – 1 December 1917
* Heinrich Geigl: 1 December 1917 – 4 April 1918
* Friedrich Ritter von Röth: 8 April 1918 – 9 September 1918
* Rudolf Eck: 9 September 1918 – October 1918
* Friedrich Ritter von Röth: October 1918 – 11 November 1918
* Albert Wilhelm Ferdinand Gröner, 1 November 1916 – 20 July 1917

## Duty stations (airfields)

* Ensisheim: 16 October 1916 – 13 April 1917
* Habsheim: 13 April 1917 – 6 May 1917
* Château-Porcien: 7 May 1917 – 4 June 1917
* Spincourt: 6 June 1917 – 20 October 1917
* Erlon: 21 October 1917 – 23 November 1917
* Mercy-le-Haute: 24 November 1917 – 4 February 1918
* Aertrycke: 7 February 1918 – 14 March 1918
* Le Cateau: 15 March 1918 – 20 March 1918
* Foucaucourt: 21 March 1918 – 6 April 1918
* St. Marguerite: 13 April 1918 – October 1918
* Scheldewindeke: October 1918 – 11 November 1918

## Notable personnel

* Ludwig Hanstein
* Karl Odebrett
* Otto Kissenberth
* Theodor Rumpel

## Aircraft operated

* Fokker E.III
* Fokker E.IV
* Fokker D.I
* Fokker D.II
* Pfalz D.II
* Albatros D.III
* Albatros D.V
* Fokker Dr.I
* Fokker D.VII
# Jagdstaffel 21

Royal Saxon Jagdstaffel 21 was a "hunting group" (i.e., fighter squadron) of the Luftstreitkräfte, the air arm of the Imperial German Army during World War I. As one of the original German fighter squadrons, the unit would score 148 verified aerial victories, including at least 30 destructions of enemy observation balloons.
In turn, their casualties for the war would amount to eight pilots killed in action, six wounded in action, and one fallen prisoner of war.

## History

Jagdstaffel 21 was founded on 25 October 1916, drawing from FA 40 and Kagohl 7 for its initial assignment of men. It was mobilized on 6 December 1916. It suffered its first casualty on 10 February 1917, and scored its first victory on 24 March 1917. It would serve through war's end. Two of its members would soldier on after war's end, and eventually wear general's stars in the Luftwaffe.

## Commanding officers (Staffelführer)

* Richard Schlieben: 15 November 1916 – 26 May 1917
* Eduard Ritter von Schleich: 26 May 1917 – 23 October 1917
* Oskar Freiherr von Boenigk: 23 October 1917 – 27 August 1918
* Josef Schulte: 27 August 1918 – 11 November 1918

## Aerodromes

* AFP 3: 25 October 1916 – 15 November 1916
* Neuflize, France: 15 November 1916 – 1 July 1917
* Chassogne Ferme, Verdun, France: 1 July 1917 – 26 December 1917
* Saint-Loup, France: 26 December 1917 – 10 January 1918
* Saint-Mards, France: 10 January 1918 – 18 May 1918
* Sissonne, France: 18 May 1918 – 6 June 1918
* Boncourt, France: 6 June 1918 – 23 September 1918
* Sissonne: 23 September 1918 – 11 October 1918
* Plomion, France: 11 October 1918 – 11 November 1918

## Notable members

Jasta 21 was fortunate to spend most of its existence under a pair of leaders worthy of the Pour le Mérite and Iron Cross: Eduard Ritter von Schleich and Oskar Freiherr von Boenigk; the former also rated the Military Order of Max Joseph. Both would continue their military careers postwar, and ascend into the ranks of the generals.
The unit also had a third Pour le Mérite in its ranks in Karl Thom, who also had won the MMC, Royal House Order of Hohenzollern, and Iron Cross. Emil Thuy made the fourth Pour le Mérite winner in the squadron; he also had the Hohenzollern and Iron Cross.
There was a little coterie of balloon aces in Jasta 21. Foremost was Fritz Höhn, Hohenzollern and Iron Cross, although Max Kuhn and Heinrich Haase were also balloon buster aces.
Also notable in the squadron were Rudolf Matthaei, the Iron Cross winner who would move on to successfully command Jasta 46, and Werner Wagener, who won not only the Iron Cross, but also the Silver Wound Badge and the Austro-Hungarian MMC.

## Aircraft

The squadron used both Albatros and Pfalz fighters. Their squadron's basic paint scheme featured a black and white band circling the fuselage just aft of the cockpit, along with striped elevators.
It would begin to switch to Fokker D.VIIs in the early summer of 1918.

## Operations

When the squadron went operational on 6 December 1916, it was working on the 3rd Armee front. By July 1918, it had joined Jagdgruppe 5, and finished the war there.