OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alocasia melo

Alocasia melo is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae, native to Sabah state in Malaysia. It grows on ultramafic soils. In the houseplant trade it is often sold as "Alocasia rugosa" due to its highly rugose leaves.

## Etymology

The name 'melo' in the specific epithet is derived from the leaves, which are thick, nearly circular, and have a bumpy and wrinkled texture similar to the skin of a cantaloupe melon.

## Description

This small herb reaches a height of about 25–35 centimetres (10–14 in). The stem is short and erect, measuring up to 3 cm (1 in) in diameter. The leaves grow in groups of about four, with their bases overlapping. The petiole, which is pale green and smooth, is about 14–19 cm (6–7 in) long and has sparse burgundy spots in the lower portion. The sheath wings are somewhat broad and triangular. The leaf blade is very broad, ranging from ovate to nearly circular, measuring 18–25 cm (7–10 in) in length and 15 cm (6 in) in width. It has a wrinkled and bumpy texture and a deep bluish-green color on the upper surface, while the lower surface is smooth and pale greenish-white. The leaves are leathery and peltate, with the attachment point in the center. The anterior lobe of the leaf is about 12.5–16 cm (5–6 in) long, with a broadly acute or obtuse tip that then tapers shortly for about 1 cm (0.4 in) and may be slightly pointed. The posterior lobes are up to 8.5 cm (3 in) long and are fused for 75–90% of their length. The posterior veins diverge from each other at an angle of approximately 20–30 degrees and are poorly developed, similar in size to the primary veins that arise from the anterior vein. There are three or four primary lateral veins on each side of the anterior vein, which diverge at angles ranging from 90 to 45 degrees. These veins are deeply impressed on the upper surface and more or less flush with the leaf surface on the lower side, appearing dark green. They irregularly bear veins that are intermediate in thickness between the primary and secondary veins, following the same path as the latter. The secondary veins are deeply impressed on the upper side and somewhat raised and similar in color to the lower surface, arising at a wide angle of about 80 degrees from the primary veins and forming distinct intercostal collective veins. The tertiary veins are prominently raised on the upper surface, forming an irregular honeycomb pattern, while they are not visible on the lower surface.

## Distribution

Endemic to Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. This species joins a growing list of rare and endemic plants peculiar to the ultramafic substrate in Sabah.
# Alocasia fornicata

Alocasia fornicata is a plant species of many-nerved, broad-leaved, rhizomatous or tuberous perennials from the family Araceae, native to Indochina and to the Indian Subcontinent. It characteristically grows 2' - 3 ' in height with slightly pink petiole, triangular wide shaped leaves and a horizontally growing stolon.
The plant's spadix is collected and cooked in North East Indian states of Mizoram, Manipur and Tripura where the plant is known locally as Baibing in Mizo. Alocasia affinis is also consumed. Both are a much favored seasonal vegetable.
The plant, including the spadix, contains needle-shaped crystals of calcium oxalate known as raphides that are believed to be a defense mechanism against plant predators that can tear and damage the mucous membranes of the throat or esophagus.
# Alocasia indica

Alocasia indica is a species of flowering plant in the arum family, Araceae. It is a subshrub native to India and Bangladesh, Myanmar, Vietnam, and Java.
# Alturas Lake

Alturas Lake is an alpine lake in Blaine County, Idaho, United States, in the Sawtooth Valley in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area. The lake is approximately 21 miles (34 km) south of Stanley and 30 miles (48 km) northwest of Ketchum. Alturas Lake can be accessed from State Highway 75 via Sawtooth National Forest road 205.
In the southern section of the Sawtooth Valley, Alturas Lake is the second largest lake in Sawtooth National Recreation Area and has easy access around its northern shore, several campgrounds, and private camps. Leah Lake and Logjam Lake are upstream of Alturas Lake.
The lake took its name from the now-defunct Alturas County, Idaho.
# Alvania pseudalvania

Alvania pseudalvania is an extinct species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae.

## Distribution

Fossils have been found in Mid Miocene strata in the Central Paratethys.
# Alvania purpurea

Alvania purpurea is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Pacific Ocean off Monterey, California.

## Description

(Original description) The small shell consists of four rounded whorls that are rather pointed.
The sculpture consists of six or seven revolving ribs. On the body whorl, only two appear on the second whorl. The apical whorl is smooth. These ribs are crossed by about twenty longitudinal riblets, which do not pass the second revolving rib on the body whorl. On the antepenultimate whorl they reach from suture to suture, and are conspicuously angulated at their intersections with the two evolving ribs. The suture is deep. The aperture is rounded and is interrupted by the body whorl. The peristome is thickened, with a groove behind the columella.
The color of the shell is whitish, the revolving ribs in perfect specimens being a beautiful purple.
# Rev. Robert Smith House

The Rev. Robert Smith House is a pre-Revolutionary house at 6 Glebe St., Charleston, South Carolina which is used as the official residence for the president of the College of Charleston. The present use is an odd twist of history; Rev. Robert Smith, whose name has been given to the house, was the first Episcopal bishop of South Carolina and was also himself the first president of the College of Charleston.
In 1698, Affra Coming donated 17 acres to the Anglican Church for use as glebe lands (i.e., lands used for rental income for a church). In 1770, streets were laid out through the lands, and a parsonage for St. Philip's Episcopal Church was planned for four acres. The house's property included the land all the way to Wentworth St. The house was built in about 1770. It is a large, two-story, double house of Carolina brick on a high foundation.
The house was restored by the College of Charleston in 1965 by Herbert DeCosta. The president of the college moved into the house in 1966. When College of Charleston president George Benson moved out of the house in August 2014, maintenance workers discovered water infiltration problems which would require approximately $100,000 in repairs; although Glenn McConnell was sworn in as the new president of the college, he has not begun occupying the house while awaiting the repairs.
# Alois Glück

Alois Glück (German pronunciation:) (24 January 1940 – 26 February 2024) was a German politician of the CSU in Bavaria.

## Life and career

Glück was born in Hörzing in the district of Traunstein. He started his political engagement in the Catholic Rural Youth Movement of Germany . After a journalistic career the skilled agriculturist was elected for the CSU in the Landtag of Bavaria in 1970. In 1986 Franz Josef Strauß appointed him as a permanent secretary in the Bavarian State Ministry for State Development and Environmental Questions, since 1988 he led the CSU Landtag fraction and from 1994 to 2007 the CSU district association Upper Bavaria. In 2003 he was selected to the Landtagspräsident (President of the Landtag).
From July 1999 Glück was additionally the chairman of the CSU principle commission. As such he significantly contributed to the development of strategic CSU position documents like "Aktive Bürgergesellschaft" (Active Commoners Society) and "Soziale Marktwirtschaft für das 21. Jahrhundert" (Social Market Economy for the 21st Century).
Apart from his political career Glück accepted many honorary posts. From 1983 he was a member of the Zentralkomitee der deutschen Katholiken (Central Committee of German Catholics – and its president since 2009), the chairman of the Bergwacht Bayern (Mountain rescue Bavaria), of the charity association Caritas Children's Village Irschenberg.
Glück died on 26 February 2024, at the age of 84.

## Other activities

* Freundeskreis Abtei Frauenwörth, Chairman of the Circle of Friends
* Hanns Seidel Foundation, Vice Chairman
* ProChrist, Member of the Board of Trustees
* Freya von Moltke Foundation, Member of the Board of Trustees
* German Council for Sustainable Development (RNE), Member (2011-2016, appointed ad personam by Chancellor Angela Merkel)
# Alvania tenuicostata

Alvania tenuicostata is an extinct species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae.

## Distribution

Fossils were found in Pliocene strata off Messina, Italy.
# Althaeus

Althaeus is a genus of pea and bean weevils in the beetle family Chrysomelidae. There are at least three described species in Althaeus.

## Species

These three species belong to the genus Althaeus:
* Althaeus folkertsi Kingsolver in Kingsolver, Gibb & Pfaffenberger, 1989 (velvetleaf seed beetle)
* Althaeus hibisci (Olivier, 1795)
* Althaeus steneri Kingsolver in Kingsolver, Gibb & Pfaffenberger, 1989
# Althaeus folkertsi

Althaeus folkertsi, the velvetleaf seed beetle, is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in North America.
# Shuja ul-Mulk Jalala

Shuja ul-Mulk Jalala (born 1952), also known as Ghulam Rasul, is a politician in Afghanistan. He was the governor of Kunar Province, appointed by President Hamid Karzai on July 15, 2013, after a suggestion by the Independent Directorate of Local Governance (IDLG).

## Early life and education

The third son of ‘Abdu’l Malik Khan of Jalala, Shujah ul-Mulk Jalala was born in Ghaziabad District of Kunar Province in 1952. He remained in this district through the completion of his primary education, and he received his high school education in the provincial capital, Asadabad.

## Career

During the Soviet–Afghan War, Jalala joined the Mujahideen and served as a commander. He also developed political ties with the National Islamic Front of Afghanistan led by Hazrat Sibghatullah Mujadidi, and was a member of the 2002 Emergency Loya Jirga after the United States overthrew the Taliban regime. Following a February 2013 NATO airstrike in Shigal district in eastern Kunar that resulted in civilian casualties, Jalala was sent by President Karzai to lead a delegation for the purpose of investigating the incident and delivering condolences from the president to the grieving families.
In the 2005 Wolesi Jirga Election, Jalala received the third most votes from Kunar Province; thus from 2005 to 2011, Jalala served as a Member of the National Assembly (MNA) for Afghanistan. He then operated as Presidential Advisor for Tribal Affairs from 2011 to 2013.

### Governor of Kunar Province

He was appointed the Governor of Kunar Province on July 15, 2013.
As governor, Jalala expressed a desire to improve a variety of social conditions in Kunar. His priorities were peace and reconciliation, anti-corruption, and counter-narcotics, but other objectives included increasing the availability of safe drinking water in Asadabad, reducing timber smuggling, and maintaining a commitment to girls' education. With international military support on the decline in Kunar, Jalala acknowledged that tackling these social issues would not be easy, saying:
   I started my work at the time when some in the aid community stopped their financial support to the province. Now, I receive only operational fund[s] which are very limited, but I intend to work tirelessly with these limited resources. [...] We are facing a lot of challenges in the province.
Jalala is also the president of the Jalala Foundation, a public welfare organization.

## Family background

Shuja ul-Mulk Jalala belongs to the famous Katoor Dynasty which has ruled an independent Kingdom of Chitral since 1560 and is the great-grandson of King Aman ul-Mulk II, a Mehtar of Chitral who ruled from 1858 to 1892. The ninth son of Aman ul-Mulk II, 'Abdu’l Rahman Khan of Jalala, emigrated from Chitral, in what is now Pakistan, to Afghanistan in 1892 after the murder of some of his brothers. With support from the rulers of Kabul, he settled at Jalala in Kunar, within the Kunar Valley.
# Shellite

Shellite may refer to :
* An Australian form of Naphtha
* Shellite (explosive), British explosive filling for armour-piercing naval shells of the 1920s to 1930s
# Snuff Jazz

Snuff Jazz is a live album by free jazz band Borbetomagus. It was released in 1989 on Agaric Records.

## Personnel

Adapted from Snuff Jazz liner notes.

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| United States | 1989 | Agaric | LP | Ag 1988 |
| United States | 1990 | Agaric | CD | Ag 1988 |
# Leocarpus fragilis

Leocarpus fragilis is a myxogastrid or acellular slime mold of the genus Leocarpus. The common name in English is insect-egg slime mold. L.fragilis can be found on leaf litter, typically in temperate and boreal forests where the ground litter is acidic. It has been found on all continents except Antarctica but is most commonly found in the northern hemisphere. Its round fruiting bodies are a recognizable yellow, orange-brown.
# George Darrow

George Darrow may refer to:
* George P. Darrow (1859–1943), U.S. Representative from Pennsylvania
* George M. Darrow (1889–1983), American horticulturist, strawberry expert
* George Darrow (baseball) (1903–1983), pitcher for the Philadelphia Phillies
# Jacob ben Isaac Corsono

Jacob ben Isaac al-Corsono or Carsono or Carsi (also Abu Ishaq Ya'qub ibn Ishaq ibn Ya'qub, known as Ibn al-Qursunuh) was a Spanish astronomer of the fourteenth century.
He was commissioned by King Peter IV of Aragon to translate from Catalan into Hebrew the astronomical tables known as The Tables of Don Pedro, which, at Don Pedro's command, had been begun by Maestre Piero Gilebert, and finished by Gilebert's pupil, Dalmacio de Planis.
About 1376 Carsono wrote at Seville a treatise in Arabic on the astrolabe. This he himself translated into Hebrew at Barcelona in 1378. Chayyim ibn Musa ascribes kabbalistic miracles to Carsono.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Richard Gottheil and Meyer Kayserling (1901–1906). "Carsono, Corsono". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
* This article about a Spanish scientist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This European astronomer–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# HMS Hecate (1871)

HMS Hecate was the last ship completed of the four Cyclops-class breastwork monitors built for the Royal Navy during the 1870s.

## Design and description

The Cyclops-class ships were modified versions of the Cerberus class. The ships had a length between perpendiculars of 225 feet (68.6 m), a beam of 45 feet (13.7 m), and a draught of 16 feet 3 inches (4.95 m) at deep load. They displaced 3,480 long tons (3,540 t). Their crew consisted of 156 officers and men. Hydra had two 4-cylinder inverted compound steam engines, each driving a single propeller shaft. The engines produced a total of 1,472 indicated horsepower (1,098 kW) during the ship's sea trials which gave her a maximum speed of 11.2 knots (20.7 km/h; 12.9 mph). The ships carried 250 long tons (250 t) of coal, enough to steam 3,000 nautical miles (5,600 km; 3,500 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).
The ships mounted four 10-inch rifled muzzle-loading guns in twin-gun turrets fore and aft of the superstructure. The guns could fire both solid shot and explosive shells. They were mounted on carriages that used hydraulic jacks to elevate and depress the guns.
The Cyclops class had a complete waterline belt of wrought iron that was 8 inches (203 mm) thick amidships and thinned to 6 inches (152 mm) at the ends. The superstructure and conning tower was fully armoured, the reason it was called a breastwork, with 8–9 inches (203–229 mm) of wrought iron. The gun turrets had 10 inches on their faces and 9 inches on the sides and rear. All of the vertical armour was backed by 9–11 inches (229–279 mm) of teak. The decks were 1.5 inches (38.1 mm) thick.

## Construction

Together with her sister ships, Cyclops and Gorgon, she was placed on the non-effective list of ships in January 1902, and sold for scrap the following year.

## Citations

* 1 2 Parkes, p. 212
* ↑ Parkes, p. 213
* ↑ Ballard, pp. 246–49
* ↑ Silverstone, p. 169
* ↑ Gardiner, p. 6
* ↑ Parkes, pp. 213–14
* ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36657. London. 6 January 1902. p. 8.
# Intermediate Jacobian

In mathematics, the intermediate Jacobian of a compact Kähler manifold or Hodge structure is a complex torus that is a common generalization of the Jacobian variety of a curve and the Picard variety and the Albanese variety. It is obtained by putting a complex structure on the torus $H^{n}(M,\mathbb {R} )/H^{n}(M,\mathbb {Z} )$ for n odd. There are several different natural ways to put a complex structure on this torus, giving several different sorts of intermediate Jacobians, including one due to André Weil (1952) and one due to Phillip Griffiths (1968, 1968b). The ones constructed by Weil have natural polarizations if M is projective, and so are abelian varieties, while the ones constructed by Griffiths behave well under holomorphic deformations.
A complex structure on a real vector space is given by an automorphism I with square $-1$. The complex structures on $H^{n}(M,\mathbb {R} )$ are defined using the Hodge decomposition
    $H^{n}(M,{\mathbb {R} })\otimes {\mathbb {C} }=H^{n,0}(M)\oplus \cdots \oplus H^{0,n}(M).$
On $H^{p,q}$ the Weil complex structure $I_{W}$ is multiplication by $i^{p-q}$, while the Griffiths complex structure $I_{G}$ is multiplication by $i$ if $p>q$ and $-i$ if $p<q$. Both these complex structures map $H^{n}(M,\mathbb {R} )$ into itself and so defined complex structures on it.
For $n=1$ the intermediate Jacobian is the Picard variety, and for $n=2\dim(M)-1$ it is the Albanese variety. In these two extreme cases the constructions of Weil and Griffiths are equivalent.
Clemens & Griffiths (1972) used intermediate Jacobians to show that non-singular cubic threefolds are not rational, even though they are unirational.
# Intermediate League World Series (Australia Region)

The Intermediate League World Series Australia Region is one of six International regions that currently sends teams to the World Series in Livermore, California. The region's participation in the ILWS dates back to 2018.

## Australia Region States

* Australian Capital Territory
* New South Wales
* Queensland
* South Australia
* Victoria
* Western Australia

## Region Champions

As of the 2022 Intermediate League World Series.
| Year | City | ILWS | Record |
| 2018 | Perth, Western Australia | Not in Top 4 | 0–3 |
| 2019 | Perth, Western Australia | Not in Top 4 | 0–3 |
| 2020 | Cancelled due to COVID-19 crisis | Cancelled due to COVID-19 crisis | Cancelled due to COVID-19 crisis |
| 2021 | Cancelled due to COVID-19 crisis | Cancelled due to COVID-19 crisis | Cancelled due to COVID-19 crisis |
| 2022 | Madeley, Western Australia | Not in Top 4 | 0–3 |
| Year | City | ILWS | Record |

### Results by State

As of the 2022 Intermediate League World Series.
| Country | Region Championships | ILWS Championships | W–L | PCT |
| Western Australia | 3 | 0 | 0–9 | 0.000 |
| Totals | 3 | 0 | 0–9 | 0.000 |
# Thomas Marten

Thomas Marten may refer to:
* Thomas Marten (British Army officer) (1797–1868), British lieutenant-general
* J. Thomas Marten (born 1951), United States federal judge
# Gossip Girl (disambiguation)

Gossip Girl is a 2007–2012 American television series.
Gossip Girl may also refer to:
* Gossip Girl (2021 TV series), a sequel to the 2007 series
* Gossip Girl: Acapulco, a 2013 Mexican television series based on the American television and book series.
* Gossip Girl (novel series), a series of novels by Cecily von Ziegesar; basis for the TV series
* Gossip Girl (EP), a 2009 EP by South Korean girl group Rainbow
* Gossip Girls (T-ara album), a 2014 album by South Korean girl group T-ara
* "Gossip Girls", a song by South Korean girl group Girls' Generation from their album Love & Peace
# Faction

Faction or factionalism may refer to:
* Political faction, a group of people with a common political purpose
* The Faction, an American punk rock band
* Faction (Planescape), a political faction in the game Planescape
* Faction (literature), a type of historical novel based on fact
* Factions (Divergent)
* The Faction, an Atlanta United supporters' group
* Faction fighting, an English term for Irish mass stick fights, see Bataireacht
# South Wonston

South Wonston is a village on the outskirts of the City of Winchester district of Hampshire, England. The population of the parish of South Wonston was estimated in 2017 to be 2,870.

## Governance

South Wonston is part of the Wonston and Micheldever ward which elects three councillors to Winchester City Council, as well as the wider Winchester Downlands ward which elects a single councillor to Hampshire County Council.

## Education

South Wonston Primary School is situated in the centre of the village on Downs Road. Attached to the school is the church of St Margaret's, which the school uses for functions. The village does not have its own secondary schools, but the majority of pupils continue onto Henry Beaufort School, in Harestock.

## Medical services

There is a surgery located on Downs Road that is run as a branch surgery of the Gratton Surgery, Sutton Scotney. Gratton Surgery Website There is a prescription collection service provided by the Village Stores.

## Recreation ground

The recreation ground is situated to the south east of the village. In the car park of the recreation ground there is a recycling centre for plastics, glass and clothes. There are two football pitches, a tarmac tennis court, a pavilion, a bike track, skate park, a newly renovated multi-purpose basketball court (lacking nets for some strange reason), the chalk pit (chalkies) and a play park. The car park is accessed from West Hill Road South.

### South Wonston Swifts FC

The local football teams play their home games at the recreation ground. The club has various age groups ranging from U8 to U18 and senior level, playing in local leagues in the Hampshire area.
The Senior team were recently promoted to the Hampshire Premier Division and now play at the highest level the village's team has ever played. The senior team reserves play in the Andover & District division.

## Amenities

There is also a village hall, where many local clubs and societies are based. The hall is also available for hire for private functions.
The village does not have a pub, but there is a licensed social club. The club offers functions on most weekends and the usual activities of cribbage, darts and pool. The club can also be used for special functions by arrangement.
There is a village shop and post office in the centre of the village opposite the school.
# IL Norild

Idrettslaget Norild is a Norwegian association football club based in Vadsø.
They play home games at Vadsø Stadion. They currently play in the Third Division (fourth tier). It last played in the Second Division in 1994. The club is exclusively engaged with football, and is the largest football club in Vadsø. They have approximately 300 members, of which 260 are active players. Sigurd Rushfeldt, Morten Gamst Pedersen and Steffen Nystrøm are notable former players.