OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# German submarine U-858

German submarine U-858 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was ordered on 5 June 1941, laid down on 11 December 1942 and launched on 17 June 1943. She had one commander for her two patrols, Kapitänleutnant Thilo Bode.

## Design

German Type IXC/40 submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXCs. U-858 had a displacement of 1,144 tonnes (1,126 long tons) when at the surface and 1,257 tonnes (1,237 long tons) while submerged. The U-boat had a total length of 76.76 m (251 ft 10 in), a pressure hull length of 58.75 m (192 ft 9 in), a beam of 6.86 m (22 ft 6 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.67 m (15 ft 4 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of 4,400 metric horsepower (3,240 kW; 4,340 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1,000 shaft horsepower (1,010 PS; 750 kW) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.92 m (6 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 18.3 knots (33.9 km/h; 21.1 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate for 63 nautical miles (117 km; 72 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 13,850 nautical miles (25,650 km; 15,940 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-858 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one 10.5 cm (4.13 in) SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a 3.7 cm (1.5 in) Flak M42 as well as two twin 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.

## Service history

She was sent by Germany at the end of the war to cause havoc along the East Coast of the US, in an attempt to repeat the success of Operation Drumbeat. However, she saw no combat in that mission and did not sink or damage any allied ships during the war. Her captain surrendered her on 14 May 1945 at Fort Miles, Lewes, Delaware. U-858 was the first enemy ship to surrender to the United States forces following the defeat of Germany in World War II. After surrendering, she was used for publicity in War bond drives.
After being used for torpedo practice near the New England area, she was scuttled by the US Navy on 21 November 1947.
# How Far?

"How Far?" is a song by British virtual band Gorillaz, featuring Tony Allen and Skepta. The track was released on 2 May 2020 without any prior announcement as the fourth single for Gorillaz' seventh studio album, Song Machine, Season One: Strange Timez. It is part of the Song Machine project, a web series involving the ongoing release of various Gorillaz singles and music videos featuring different guest musicians over the course of 2020, though it is not considered an official episode of the series. The single marks the first posthumously released material featuring Tony Allen (which was released two days after Allen's death), as well as the final song to be recorded during Allen's lifetime.

## Background

"How Far?" was written and recorded in the weeks prior to lockdown as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was the last song from the album to be recorded in studio before lockdown was ordered.
On 30 April 2020, Tony Allen, an afrobeat drummer featured on the song, died of abdominal aortic aneurysm at the age of 79. Allen had previously worked with Gorillaz founder, Damon Albarn, through a band called The Good, the Bad & the Queen, where both participated as members of through the 2000s.
Without any prior announcement, "How Far?" released a few days later on 2 May 2020, as a standalone audio with no accompanying video or episodic EP like other Song Machine releases. According to a press release, the song was released as an official tribute to Allen.

## Personnel

Gorillaz
* Damon Albarn – instrumentation, director, keyboards, guitar, melodica
* Jamie Hewlett – artwork, character design, video direction
* Stephen Sedgwick – mixing engineer, engineering
* Remi Kabaka Jr. – percussion
* John Davis – mastering engineer
* Samuel Egglenton – engineering
Additional musicians
* Tony Allen – vocals, drums
* Skepta – vocals
* Kotono Sato – violin
* Stella Page – viola
* Ciara Ismail – violin
* Izzi Dunn – cello
Additional artwork
* Bernard Benant – photography
# Jean-Marie Gantois

Jean-Marie Gantois (21 July 1904 – 28 May 1968) was a French Catholic priest (abbé) and a leading figure in Flemish nationalism in French Flanders.

## Early life

Gantois was born in 1904 in Watten, Nord department, to Flemish parents. He was raised in the French language and learned Dutch at the Catholic seminary of Annappes where he began his studies in 1922. He was influenced by the Flemish circle of the seminary, which promoted the knowledge of Flemish culture, history and language for pastoral purposes. Gantois adopted the Flemish cause as his own and founded the short-lived paper De Vlaemsche Stemme van Vrankryk ("The Flemish Voice in France") in 1923 and the cultural association Vlaamsch Verbond van Frankrijk (VVF, "Flemish Association of France") in 1924.
In the 1920s and 1930s, Gantois wrote extensively for VVF journals and other publications using a number of pseudonyms. He also established personal contacts with numerous other regional leaders of France. At first, Gantois supported French Flanders remaining a part of the French state, insofar as France recognized and respected his region. However, the VVF gradually became more separatist in its politics, and over time abandoned French regionalism as its ideology and increasingly associated with the Greater Netherlands movement, which considered the French Flemish as a part of a single Dutch race, the Dietse volk.

## German occupation

The French military authorities banned the VVF after the outbreak of World War II. Gantois, however, revived it during the ensuing German occupation (1940-44) during which the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region was separated administratively from other parts of France and governed as part of the Military Administration in Belgium and Northern France governed from Brussels. In 1940, Gantois wrote a letter to Hitler asking for French Flanders to be integrated into the German Reich "as a member of the new Germanic community". This letter, found at the Lille préfecture after the Liberation, was never read by Hitler. Because of his vocal Flemish nationalism and perceived extremism, Gantois was relieved of his sacramental duties by Cardinal Achille Liénart.

## Post-war

After the end of the German occupation, Gantois and 49 other individuals involved in the French Flemish movement were arrested by the French authorities and charged with collaborationism. The prosecution requested a death penalty, but Gantois was eventually sentenced to five years in prison. He was released after two years of confinement and was forbidden to return to Flanders for many years. Gantois continued promoting Flemish nationalism by writing, mainly for the magazine Notre Flandre ("Our Flanders"), until his death in Holque, Nord in 1968.
# Yashpaul

Pandit Yashpaul (22 March 1937 - 3 July 2023) was an Indian classical singer belonging to the Agra gharana (singing style).

## Early life

Yashpaul was born in Gujranwala in 1937. After the partition his parents migrated to India and settled in Jalandhar, where he was initiated into music by Kasturilal ‘Jassra’, who was the disciple of Chhote Ghulam Ali Khan of Lahore. He received further training from Vilayat Hussain Khan and Yunus Hussain Khan from the Agra gharana. He was also inspired by Bade Ghulam Ali Khan and Mallikarjun Mansur.

## Career

Yashpaul first performed when he was 11 years old at the "Harivallabh Sangeet Sammelan". He is the oldest alumni of Swami Harballabh Sangeet Akademi, Jalandhar. He has been performing on All India Radio since 1952. He has performed in many nationally-broadcast programmes of music, as well as annual Akashvani Sangeet Sammelans.
He is a composer and teacher. He has composed many bandishes under his pen name "Sagun Piya". He is a founder of Music Deptts at Panjab University and MCM DAV College of Women Chandigarh respectively. He retired as the Head of Department at the Department Music at Panjab University in 1997.

## Awards and honors

Awards received by Yashpaul include:.
* National Sangeet Natak Academy Award
* Award of National Scholarship, 1962 (Ministry of Education, Govt. of India)
* Punjab State award
* Punjab Sangeet Natak Academi award
* Dedicated Educationist award
* Sangeet Sumeru award
* Sangeet Shiromani award
* The Music Monarch of India’s north western region (the lifetime award by FFF)
* Honored by Senior Citizens Association of Chandigarh
* He is the founder and former Chairman of Deptts. of Music i.e., M.C.M. D.A.V. College for Women and Punjab University Chandigarh respectively
# Phosphatidylcholine synthase

In enzymology, a phosphatidylcholine synthase (EC 2.7.8.24) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    CDP-diacylglycerol + choline $\rightleftharpoons$ CMP + phosphatidylcholine
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are CDP-diacylglycerol and choline, whereas its two products are CMP and phosphatidylcholine.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring non-standard substituted phosphate groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is CDP-diacylglycerol:choline O-phosphatidyltransferase. This enzyme is also called CDP-diglyceride-choline O-phosphatidyltransferase. This enzyme participates in glycerophospholipid metabolism.
# Hyacinthoides paivae

Hyacinthoides paivae is a species of bluebell in the genus Hyacinthoides native to the north-western part of the Iberian Peninsula. It lives chiefly in shady woodlands, and grows up to 45 cm (18 in) tall, producing a cluster of up to 18 pale blue flowers in spring. It was formally described in 1996, having previously been identified as belonging to the related species H. italica.

## Description

Hyacinthoides paivae is a perennial plant which grows from bulbs that are typically 17–30 millimetres (0.67–1.18 in) × 13–30 mm (0.51–1.18 in). Each bulb produces 4–7 (more rarely 2–12) basal leaves, each 20–50 centimetres (7.9–19.7 in) long and 7–12 mm (0.28–0.47 in) wide. The stems are 22–45 cm (8.7–17.7 in) long, and bear an inflorescence comprising 6–18 flowers in a multilateral raceme. Each flower is attached by a pedicel 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) long, and is itself 12–22 mm (0.47–0.87 in) long by 2–3 mm (0.08–0.12 in) wide. H. paivae can be told apart from H. italica by its broader leaves and larger flowers; H. hispanica differs in having longer, narrower, unscented and bell-shaped flowers.

## Distribution and ecology

Hyacinthoides paivae is endemic to the north-western part of the Iberian Peninsula, including western parts of Galicia (A Coruña, Ourense and Pontevedra provinces) and north-western parts of Portugal (Beira Litoral, Douro Litoral, Minho and Trás-os-Montes provinces). Material of an unidentified species from the Sierra de la Demanda, a small mountain range on the border between Burgos province and La Rioja, matches H. paivae genetically.
H. paivae occurs in oak woodland and pine woods growing over Ulex, Erica cinerea and Cistus spp., as well as other shady habitats. It also occurs occasionally on coastal cliffs, and in mown meadows. The typical flowering period is March and April, although it can be as late as June in upland areas, such as Monte Pindo.

## Taxonomic history

In 1990, bluebells assigned to the species Hyacinthoides italica were reported from north-western Spain. Later analyses of the species morphology demonstrated that the plants did not belong to H. italica, which is only otherwise found near the French–Italian border. Instead, it was realised that they represented a new species, which was named Hyacinthoides paivae by Santiago Ortiz and Juan Rodríguez-Oubiña in 1996, the specific epithet paivae honouring the Portuguese botanist Jorge Paiva.
The holotype, a specimen from Dumbría, A Coruña province, Spain, is held at the herbarium of the Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; isotypes are also kept there, and at the University of Coimbra, the Real Jardín Botánico and Universidad Complutense in Madrid, the Centro de Investigaciones Forestales y Ambientales de Lourizán in Pontevedra, and at the Natural History Museum and Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in London.
Ortiz and Rodríguez-Oubiña initially placed the species in "Hyacinthoides sect. Somera", but more recent molecular phylogenetic analysis could not confirm any of the existing sections in the genus, and placed it instead in an informal group alongside H. non-scripta, H. hispanica and H. cedretorum.
# Sidetracked

Sidetracked may refer to:
* Sidetracked (1916 film), a film starring Oliver Hardy
* Sidetracked (2015 film), a Spanish comedy film
* Sidetracked (magazine), an adventure travel and extreme sports magazine
* Sidetracked (novel), a 1995 Kurt Wallander novel by Henning Mankell
* "Sidetracked" (Phineas and Ferb), a 2013 television episode
* "Sidetracked" (Wallander), a 2008 television episode
* "Sidetracked", a song by Maureen Steele from her 1985 album Nature of the Beast
* Sidetracked, a 2010 album by La Roux
* "Sidetracked", a 2010 song by Jme
* Samurai Champloo: Sidetracked, a 2006 video game based on the anime Samurai Champloo
# G. V. Kromah

Alhaji Garxim Varmuyan Kromah (11 February 1953 – 18 January 2022) was a Liberian journalist and later warlord and leader of the ULIMO faction during the First Liberian Civil War. He was a Muslim and member of the Mandingo ethnic group from Tusu Town, Quardu Gboni District, Lofa County. He attended St. Patrick's High School (1973).
Kromah earned a B.A. from the University of Liberia in 1977. In 1982, he graduated with an M.A. in communications (journalism and public affairs) from American University in Washington, D.C.
Kromah was a special assistant to the vice president and later assistant information minister during the regime of President William Tolbert before becoming director general of the Liberian Broadcasting System in 1982 and minister of information in 1984 under President Samuel Doe. Kromah denied the government's crackdown leading to some deaths at the University of Liberia in 1984, and went into exile in June 1990, months after the First Liberian Civil War began. He later co-founded the United Liberation Movement of Liberia for Democracy (ULIMO) a resistance armed group that forced Charles Taylor to a negotiating table that eventually brought tangible political solution to the Liberian conflict.
ULIMO split into two factions in 1994, with Kromah leading one faction known as ULIMO-K. Its power base was in northwestern Liberia, in and around Lofa County.
After the war ended, Kromah contested the 19 July 1997 presidential election representing the All Liberia Coalition Party, placing third with 4.02% of the vote.
Kromah ran again as the party's presidential candidate in the 11 October 2005 elections in which he was again defeated, receiving 2.8% of the vote.
# Blackalls Park railway station

Blackalls Park was a railway station in the suburb of Blackalls Park, on the former Fassifern - Toronto branch line in New South Wales, Australia.
The station was closed in 1990. As of 2024, the track and its one platform at the station is still largely intact, albeit overgrown. Since its closure, the station and its branch line have been converted into a rail trail.

## Image gallery

* End of platform, looking toward Toronto direction
* Steps from platform to track
* Looking down the platform, toward Toronto
* Location of the former toilet block
* Platform area
* Overgrown area on tracks
* Location of the former railway crossing, next to station
* Looking toward former railway crossing and station
# Wernher Steiner

Wernher Steiner (1492–1542) was a chronicler of Zug. His writings are among the important sources for Swiss history during the first half of the 16th century.
As a military chaplain he witnessed the Battle of Marignano in 1515.
Most of Steiner's writing was not printed during his lifetime and survives in manuscript form, some of which were edited by his descendants in the 17th century.

## Works

* Chronicon Tugiense de anno 1503 usque ad annum 1516 (1530)
* Miscellanea historica Dr. Wernheri Steineri; conscripsit manu propria Trinepos suus Joh. Rodolphus Steinerus, Helvetio-Tigurinus anno 1667
* Kurtze historische Beschreybung vnd zwaren mehrtheilss in Liedern, kombt har von meinem Atavo oder Pfuchänj Hn. Wern. Steiner. Von Hanns Caspar Steiner dem Hanss Rudolff Steiner verehrt 1685
# German submarine U-854

German submarine U-854 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

## Design

German Type IXC/40 submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXCs. U-854 had a displacement of 1,144 tonnes (1,126 long tons) when at the surface and 1,257 tonnes (1,237 long tons) while submerged. The U-boat had a total length of 76.76 m (251 ft 10 in), a pressure hull length of 58.75 m (192 ft 9 in), a beam of 6.86 m (22 ft 6 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.67 m (15 ft 4 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of 4,400 metric horsepower (3,240 kW; 4,340 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1,000 shaft horsepower (1,010 PS; 750 kW) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.92 m (6 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 18.3 knots (33.9 km/h; 21.1 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate for 63 nautical miles (117 km; 72 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 13,850 nautical miles (25,650 km; 15,940 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-854 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one 10.5 cm (4.13 in) SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a 3.7 cm (1.5 in) SK C/30 as well as a 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.

## Service history

U-854 was ordered on 5 June 1941 from DeSchiMAG AG Weser in Bremen under the yard number 1060. Her keel was laid down on 21 September 1942 and the U-boat was launched the following year on 5 April 1943. She was commissioned into service under the command of Kapitänleutnant Horst Weiher (Crew 36) in 4th U-boat Flotilla.
While training in the Baltic Sea, U-854 rescued survivors of U-983, which had collided with U-988, and brought them to Hel. On 4 February 1944 the U-boat was on its way back to Swinemünde, when she struck a mine - one of a barrage 'Geranium', that had been laid by the British Royal Air Force. 51 crew members died, seven survived.
# Josiah Chorley

Josiah Chorley (1652-1719) was an English Presbyterian minister.

## Life

He was a great-grandson of Richard Chorley of Walton-le-Dale, near Preston, Lancashire, and second of six sons of Richard Chorley of Preston. His father's house was, as he noted, "the receptacle of persecuted ministers." After a preparatory education in several good grammar schools, he entered Trinity College, Cambridge in 1669, but his residence there was not long, because of "the terms of conformity being strait." He then turned his thoughts to Scotland. His gave his account of his sojourn at the University of Glasgow in a little note-book, which he called "Chorleyana, or a Register commemorating some of the most remarkable passages of Clod's providence towards me from my nativity, by Josiah Chorley." The first part of this "Register" was written at Glasgow in 1671–2. He later received the degree of M.A.
Chorley succeeded John Collinges as one of the ministers of the Presbyterian congregation at Norwich. The baptismal register of the congregation begins in September 1691 with an entry by Chorley. Chorley's ministry in Norwich was marked by his zeal in catechetical instruction, which gave rise to his very curious compendium of the Bible in verse. In January 1719 he was succeeded by John Brook from Yarmouth (afterwards of York, where he died in 1735). Chorley baptised a child of Brook's on 3 September 1719, and is believed to have died soon after. He is said to have bequeathed a large sum of money, to be divided between the Presbyterian minister and the poor at Preston, but nothing is now known of this endowment.

## Works

Chorley published A Metrical Index to the Bible, (1711). This aid to the memorising of the contents of chapters is dedicated Deo Trin-Uni O.M. Ecclesiæq; vere Catholicæ. At the end is A Poetical Meditation. A second edition in 1714 was improved by suggestions from Samuel Say, then independent minister at Lowestoft. A reprint of the 2nd edition, with woodcuts designed by John Thurston, and notes by the printer, John Johnson, appeared in 1818. It incorrectly gave Chorley's name as Joseph.

## Family

Chorley has been confused with his son (according to Browne, his nephew) Richard, who was educated in the academies of Frankland at Rathmell Academy (entered 3 April 1697) and John Chorlton at Manchester (entered 16 March 1699), and ministered at Filby near Yarmouth (till 1722) and Framlingham (till 1731). He afterwards lost his sight, and (about 1757) ceased to identify himself with dissent. His daughter, who lived in Norwich, was for a time insane.
# Jacob Tueller Sr. House

The Jacob Tueller Sr. House, at 165 E. 1st South in Paris, Idaho, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
It is a two-story buff brick house with outset quoins. The two stories are separated by a decorative outset band consisting of two rows of brick sandwiching a toothed brick row. Wooden decoration includes Tuscan porch columns.
The Jacob Tueller Jr. House, at 75 S. 1st East in Paris, was NRHP-listed at the same time.
# Phosphatidylcholine—dolichol O-acyltransferase

In enzymology, a phosphatidylcholine---dolichol O-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.83) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    3-sn-phosphatidylcholine + dolichol $\rightleftharpoons$ 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acyldolichol
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine and dolichol, whereas its two products are 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and acyldolichol.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine:dolichol O-acyltransferase.
# Sie kannten sich alle

Sie kannten sich alle is an East German film. It was released in 1958.