# Neomphaloidea

Neomphaloidea is a superfamily of deep-sea snails or limpets, marine gastropod mollusks. Neomphaloidea is the only superfamily in the order Neomphalida.
The order Neomphalida has the largest in situ radiation in hydrothermal vent habitats. Neomphalida is a major taxonomic grouping of sea snails, vent-endemic marine gastropod mollusks that form a very ancient lineage, going back to the Palaeozoic era.

## 2005 taxonomy

The superfamily Neomphaloidea was regarded for a long time as belonging within the clade Vetigastropoda. Superfamily Neomphaloidea was also classified in the clade Vetigastropoda according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.

## 2010 taxonomy

Molecular phylogeny showed that Neomphaloidea belongs in its own order, the Neomphalida, and that this clade is basal to the Vetigastropoda. The Neomphalina is, based on optimal phylogenetic analysis, a monophyletic clade, with uncertain relations among the gastropods.

## Description

The anatomical characteristics of the Neomphaloidea largely follow the patterns in the Vetigastropoda. However, unusual morphological and phylogentic characters suggest a different systematic position and place it in its own order, the Neomphalida. The formal placement of Neomphalida within the Gastropoda however remains ambiguous.

## Families

Families within the Neomphaloidea include:
* Melanodrymiidae Salvini-Plawen & Steiner, 1995
* Neomphalidae McLean, 1981
* Peltospiridae McLean, 1989
A few genera within Neomphaloidea have been unassigned to a family:
* Helicrenion Warén & Bouchet, 1993
* Retiskenea Warén & Bouchet, 2001

## Overview of species

Species within the Neomphaloidea include:
* Leptogyra alaskana Bartsch, 1910
* Leptogyra constricta B. A. Marshall, 1988
* Leptogyra costellata Warén & Bouchet, 2009
* Leptogyra eritmeta Bush, 1897
* Leptogyra inconspicua Bush, 1897
* Leptogyra inflata Warén & Bouchet, 1993
* Leptogyra patula B. A. Marshall, 1988
* Leptogyra verrilli Bush, 1897
* Leptogyropsis inflata Hasegawa, 1997
* Leptogyropsis kalinovoae B. A. Marshall, 1988
* Leptogyropsis kaltanae B. A. Marshall, 1988
* Melanodrymia aurantiaca Hickman, 1984
* Melanodrymia brightae Warén & Bouchet, 1993
* Melanodrymia galeronae Warén & Bouchet, 2001
* Xyleptogyra kapalae B. A. Marshall, 1988
* Cyathermia naticoides Warén & Bouchet, 1989
* Lacunoides exquisitus Warén & Bouchet, 1989
* Lacunoides vitreus Warén & Bouchet, 2001
* Lamellomphalus manusensis S.-Q. Zhang & S.-P. Zhang, 2017
* Neomphalus fretterae McLean, 1981
* Planorbidella depressa Warén & Bouchet, 1993
* Planorbidella planispira (Warén & Bouchet, 1989)
* Solutigyra reticulata Warén & Bouchet, 1989
* Symmetromphalus hageni L. Beck, 1992
* Symmetromphalus regularis McLean, 1990
* Chrysomallon squamiferum Chen, Linse, Copley & Rogers, 2015
* Ctenopelta porifera Warén & Bouchet, 1993
* Depressigyra globulus Warén & Bouchet, 1989
* Echinopelta fistulosa McLean, 1989
* Gigantopelta aegis Chen, Linse, Roterman, Copley & Rogers, 2015
* Gigantopelta chessoia Chen, Linse, Roterman, Copley & Rogers, 2015
* Hirtopelta hirta McLean, 1989
* Hirtopelta tufari L. Beck, 2002
* Lirapex costellatus Warén & Bouchet, 2001
* Lirapex granularis Warén & Bouchet, 1989
* Lirapex humatus Warén & Bouchet, 1989
* Nodopelta heminoda McLean, 1989
* Nodopelta rigneae Warén & Bouchet, 2001
* Nodopelta subnoda McLean, 1989
* Pachydermia laevis Warén & Bouchet, 1989
* Pachydermia sculpta Warén & Bouchet, 1993
* Peltospira delicata McLean, 1989
* Peltospira lamellifera Warén & Bouchet, 1989
* Peltospira operculata McLean, 1989
* Peltospira smaragdina Warén & Bouchet, 2001
* Rhynchopelta concentrica McLean, 1989
* Helicrenion reticulatum Warén & Bouchet, 1993
* Retiskenea diploura Warén & Bouchet, 2001