OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# German submarine U-712

German submarine U-712 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II. Commissioned on 5 November 1942, she served with the 8th U-boat Flotilla until 31 October 1943 as a training boat, and as a front boat in the 3rd U-boat Flotilla under Oberleutnant zur See Walter Pietschmann until 14 December, before being replaced by Oberleutnant zur See Walter-Ernst Koch.

## Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-712 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8–27 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-712 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and two twin 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.

## Service history

Built as yard number 778 at the HC Stülcken & Sohn shipyard in Hamburg, U-712 was launched on 10 August 1942. After the completion of system checks and crew training, U-712 was transferred to the 3rd Flotilla on 1 November 1943. On 1 January 1944, she was reassigned to the 21st U-boat Flotilla as a training boat. On 3 July 1944, Oberleutnant zur See Koch handed over to Freiherr Eberhard von Ketelhodt, leaving to command U-975. U-712's purpose was succeeded by a similar function with the 31st from 1 March 1945.
In the rest of her career under Walter-Ernst Koch and Freiherr Eberhard von Ketelhodt, she served as a training vessel, never having made a single patrol.

## Fate

After Germany's surrender in May 1945, U-712 was surrendered at Kristiansand on 9 May 1945 in Norway. She was later taken to Loch Ryan in Scotland, where the British used her bulk for testing before breaking her up at Hayle in 1950.
# Trimbelten

Trimbelten is a 2013 German short drama / thriller film, directed by German film director Sebastian Kühn. The film participated in various international film festivals.

## Plot

After years in his self-imposed exile, the broken ex-cop Trimbelten hears, that Karl Münch, the person who is responsible for his daughter's death, was released from jail. Trimbelten embarks on his mission to take revenge, but on his way he bumps into the rebellious girl Stina. He picks up the hitchhiker. Trimbelten's grief and obsession with revenge is momentarily relieved by Stina's helpless vulnerability.

## Cast

* Axel Siefer as Trimbelten
* Johanna Reinders as Stina
* Stefan Lampadius as Karl Münch

## Awards

* 2013: Nominated for Festival Award in the category Best Student Film at the Crossroads Film Festival in Mississippi.
* 2013: Nominated for Best Student Film in the George Sidney independent film competition at the San Luis Obispo International Film Festival in San Luis Obispo, California.
# Hermina (given name)

Hermina is a female given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Hermina Franks (1914-2010), pitcher who played in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League
* Hermina Geyser (born 1938), South African athlete
* Hermina Laukotová (1853-1931), Czech painter, graphic artist, and art teacher
* Grada Hermina Marius (1854-1919), Dutch writer and painter
* Hermina Morita (born 1954), adviser for the Hawaii State House Committee on Finance
* Hermina Pipinić (1928-2020), Croatian actress
* Bartha Hermina Tollius (1780-1847), Dutch amateur pastellist
* Hermína Týrlová (1900-1993), Czech animator, screenwriter, and film director
# Adeia (plant)

Adeia is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family, Asteraceae. It includes two species of perennial herbs native to California and Oregon.
* Adeia discoidea (J.T.Howell) G.L.Nesom – California and Oregon
* Adeia whitneyi (A.Gray) G.L.Nesom – California
The genus was described by Guy L. Nesom in 2021 to include the two varieties of Hazardia whitneyi, H. whitneyi var. whitneyi and H. whitneyi var. discoidea, which Nesom recognized as distinct species. The genus name comes from the Greek word adeia, meaning safety, security, and freedom from fear.
They differ from species of Hazardia, which are mostly shrubs, in having white bark, ray florets with sterile ovaries (rather than fertile ones), linear to narrowly linear-lanceolate style branch (disc floret) collecting appendages (rather than ovate-triangular ones), and elliptic-oblong to narrowly oblong-obovate and strongly flattened achenes with 8 to 12 nerves (rather than mostly subcylindric to fusiform or narrowly obovoid achenes with 4 to 5 nerves).
# Ivanhood

Ivanhood is a 1992 Dutch comedy film directed by Paul Ruven.

## Cast

* Christo van Klaveren ... Ivanhood
* Maike Meijer ... Eerste Vrouw
* Odette van der Molen ... Slanore
* Fabienne Meershoek ... Vrouw in kerker
* Joy Hoes ... Vrouw in bad
* Carine Korteweg ... Robijn
* Gusta Geleynse ... Weddenschap-vrouw 1 (as Gusta Geleijnse)
* Jolien Wanninkhof ... Weddenschap-vrouw 2
* Annemarike Ruitenbeek ... Eerste koerier
* Alice Reys ... Saffier
* Willemijn van der Ree ... Zwangere koerie
# The Interpretation of Music

The Interpretation of Music is a book by Thurston Dart. It is described by the Encyclopædia Britannica as "the best direct and concise account of the issues of performance".
This book deals with correct performance conventions and procedures relevant to different periods and styles (for example Gregorian intonation, divisions upon parts, French baroque over-dotting, etc.). It covers these various topics in a chronological order, also giving descriptions of period instruments and their uses. It is a book useful for those wishing to compose in a more authentic antiquated style, and for those wishing to make performances more historically "correct".
# Spring Revolution

Spring Revolution or Spring protests may refer to:
* Spring of Nations, Revolutions of 1848
* Prague Spring, 1968 protest in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
* Croatian Spring, 1971 protests
* 2009 Iranian presidential election protests, or Persian Spring
* Arab Spring, early 2010s protests
* Turkish Spring, 2013 Gezi Park protests
* Ukrainian Spring, or Euromaidan, 2013–2014 demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine
* Bosnian Spring, 2014 unrest in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Venezuelan Spring, protests since 2014
* 2021 Myanmar protests, known locally as the Spring Revolution
* Myanmar civil war (2021–present), also known as the Spring Revolution
# German submarine U-4711

German submarine U-4711 was a Type XXIII U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was ordered on 7 July 1944, and was laid down on 1 December 1944 at Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft AG, Kiel, as yard number 953. She was launched on 21 February 1945 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Siegfried Endler on 21 March 1945.

## Design

Like all Type XXIII U-boats, U-4711 had a displacement of 234 tonnes (230 long tons) when at the surface and 258 tonnes (254 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 34.68 m (113 ft 9 in) (o/a), a beam width of 3.02 m (9 ft 11 in) (o/a), and a draught depth of 3.66 m (12 ft). The submarine was powered by one MWM six-cylinder RS134S diesel engine providing 575–630 metric horsepower (423–463 kilowatts; 567–621 shaft horsepower), one AEG GU4463-8 double-acting electric motor electric motor providing 580 PS (430 kW; 570 shp), and one BBC silent running CCR188 electric motor providing 35 PS (26 kW; 35 shp).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 9.7 knots (18.0 km/h; 11.2 mph) and a submerged speed of 12.5 knots (23.2 km/h; 14.4 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) for 194 nautical miles (359 km; 223 mi); when surfaced, she could travel 2,600 nautical miles (4,800 km; 3,000 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph). U-4711 was fitted with two 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes in the bow. She could carry two preloaded torpedoes. The complement was 14–18 men. This class of U-boat did not carry a deck gun.

## Service history

On 4 May 1945, U-4711 was scuttled at Germaniawerft, Kiel, as part of Operation Regenbogen. The wreck was later raised and broken up.
# Jane Kirby

Jane Kirby was a Canadian figure skater who was the ladies gold medallist in the 1951 Canadian Figure Skating Championships. She and her partner Donald Tobin were bronze medallists in the pairs competition in the 1951 Canadian Figure Skating Championships and North American Figure Skating Championships. She later turned professional and skated with the Ice Capades.

## Results

ladies singles
| Event | 1951 |
| Canadian Championships | 3rd |
pairs with Tobin
| Event | 1951 |
| North American Championships | 3rd |
| Canadian Championships | 1st |
# Uvularia perfoliata

Uvularia perfoliata, the perfoliate bellwort, is a perennial forb native to the eastern United States and Canada, which produces pale yellow flowers in spring.

## Description

The smooth slender stem of Uvularia perfoliata is 15 to 50 centimeters tall, and forked above the middle. The leaves are obovate, 4 to 12 centimeters long and 1.5 to 4 centimeters wide, glabrous or glaucous, and perfoliate. There are usually 1 to 4 leaves below the fork in the stem. The stems bear a single downward drooping flower with six 2 to 3.5 centimeter long tepals which are granular on the inside. The fruit is a triangular three lobed capsule 7 to 13 millimeters in length.

## Distribution and habitat

Uvularia perfoliata is widely distributed in the eastern and southern United States from Texas to New Hampshire, plus the Canadian province of Ontario. It is listed as an endangered species by the states of Indiana and New Hampshire. In Virginia, it grows in habitats such as floodplain forests, but also mesic upland forests, and dry rocky woodlands. The presence of this species is dependent on appropriate habitat, and it may be eliminated from an area by development, changes in land use, or competition with invasive species.

## Taxonomy

This species is a member of the genus Uvularia, which was formerly placed in the family Liliaceae, but has more recently been placed in the family Colchicaceae, in keeping with the findings of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group.
# Office of the Auditor General (Botswana)

Office of the Auditor General is an independent office established to audit government bodies and report on their management of allocated funds. The current Auditor General is Pulane Letebele.

## Roles

The role of the Auditor General is to:
* Within six months after the end of each financial year, the Auditor-General shall audit and report, in respect of that financial year, on:
* Accounts of the national and local governments
* Accounts of all funds and authorities of the national and county governments;
* Accounts of all courts
* Accounts of every commission and independent office established by the Constitution
* the accounts of the National Assembly
* The public debt
* Accounts of any other entity that legislation requires the Auditor General to audit.
* The Auditor General may audit and report on the accounts of any entity that is funded from public funds.

## Reports

The Auditor-General is mandated to do the following through the audit reports:
* An audit report shall confirm whether or not public money has been applied lawfully and in an effective way.
* Audit reports shall be submitted to Parliament or the relevant county assembly
* Within three months after receiving an audit report, Parliament or the county assembly shall debate and consider the report and take appropriate action.
# Admiral Dewey (tugboat)

Admiral Dewey, also known as Georgetown and today as Helen McAllister, is a 113 feet (34 m) tugboat built in 1900 at the Burlee Drydock in Port Richmond, New York. She was built with a 900 horsepower (670 kW) triple expansion compound steam engine which was replaced with a diesel engine after World War II. She towed coal barges to refuel ships in the harbor. In 1955, she was sold to a Charleston, South Carolina tugboat company. In the 1980s, the McAllister tugboat company of New York purchased the company and brought the renamed Helen McAllister back to New York Harbor. She helped dock tall ships during Op Sail 1992.
After retirement, she was donated to the South Street Seaport Museum in Manhattan in 2000. In 2012, Helen McAllister was returned to McAllister Towing. In 2021, Helen McAllister was moved to Tottenville on Staten Island and dismantled.
# Tom Bayley (footballer, born 1868)

John Thomas Bayley (August 1868 – after 1899), generally known as Tom Bayley, was an English professional footballer who played as a right back. Born in Walsall, Staffordshire, he played for Walsall Town Swifts and Small Heath in the Football Alliance before going on to make 130 appearances in the Football League representing Small Heath, Walsall Town Swifts and Gainsborough Trinity. He later played for South Shields, Southern League club Watford, and Leamington Town.
# Hope FM

Hope FM is an English and iTaukei language Christian, radio station in Fiji. The station broadcasts on the 107 MHz to the cities of Suva, Navua, Nausori, Nadi and Lautoka. The station also broadcasts on line.
It is operated by Seventh Day Adventist Church, Fiji.
# Edvin Sugarev

Edvin Sugarev (Bulgarian: Едвин Сугарев), (born 27 December 1953) in Sofia, is a Bulgarian poet and politician. He graduated from Sofia University in 1979. He was one of the founders of the first democratic movement in Bulgaria, "Ecoglasnost" and later appointed ambassador to India and Mongolia. He is a former member of the national coordination committee of the Union of Democratic Forces.
Edvin Sugarev was elected to the Bulgarian Parliament (Great National Assembly) in 1991.
# St. Paul Fighting Saints

The St. Paul Fighting Saints are a defunct professional ice hockey team. Based in Saint Paul, Minnesota, they played the 1992–93 season in the American Hockey Association. The Fighting Saints played home games at the Minnesota State Fair coliseum, now known as the Lee & Rose Warner Coliseum.
Coached by Dave Langevin, the team compiled a record of 21 wins, 5 losses, and 4 overtime losses in its only season of play. The league, along with all teams, suspended operations on January 29, 1993.
# Japanese Vietnamese

Japanese Vietnamese or Vietnamese Japanese may refer to:
* Japan–Vietnam relations
* Japanese language education in Vietnam
* Japanese people in Vietnam
* Vietnamese people in Japan
* Multiracial people of Japanese and Vietnamese descent
# Uvularia grandiflora

Uvularia grandiflora, the large-flowered bellwort or merrybells, is a species of flowering plant in the family Colchicaceae, native to eastern and central North America.

## Description

Growing to 75 cm (30 in) tall by 30 cm (12 in) broad, it is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial with pendent leaves which are hairy on the undersides. It blooms in mid- to late spring, producing large yellow, solitary or paired, bell-shaped, pendent flowers. The top parts of the plant tend to bend downward due to the weight of the leaves and flowers. The light green stems are round, glabrous, and glaucous and the leaves are perfoliate since the stem appears to come through the leaves at the base. In late summer three capsuled ovaries split open releasing the seeds.
The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means "large flowered".
This plant differs from Uvularia sessilifolia in that the leaves of the latter grow from the stem and its flowers are smaller. U. grandiflora also differs from Uvularia perfoliata, which occurs in eastern North America. The latter has similar large perfoliate leaves, but the flowers have orange-colored bumps on the petals.

## Range

The native range of Uvularia grandiflora extends from the Appalachians west to the Dakotas, Kansas and Oklahoma, from Louisiana and Georgia in the South to Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec in Canada. So, it is widespread across the eastern mountains, the Great Lakes and the Mississippi Valley. There are also isolated populations along Chesapeake Bay in Maryland.

## Ecology

Uvularia grandiflora is a woodland species found in open shade in rich moist woods with calcareous to neutral soils.
Bumblebees, mason bees, halictid bees, and andrenid bees feed from the nectar and collect pollen from the flowers. Deer love to eat these plants. The seeds have attached food bodies called (elaiosome) that are attractive to ants, which collect and redistribute the seeds.

## Conservation status in the United States

The plant is listed as endangered in New Hampshire and Connecticut.

## Ethnobotany

The Menominee use this plant for swellings. The Ojibwa are documented to use the root for pain in the solar plexus, which may refer to pleurisy. The Potawatomi mix an infusion of the root mixed with lard and use it as salve to massage sore muscles and tendons.

## Cultivation

In cultivation in the UK Uvularia grandiflora has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. There exists a cultivar 'Pallida' with paler coloured flowers.
# TouchBionics

Touch EMAS (Edinburgh Modular Arm System) was founded by David Gow and was the first spin out company from Britain's National Health Service. Its intellectual property was based on the work of David Gow and his team at the Bioengineering Centre, Princess Margaret Rose Hospital, Edinburgh. It was awarded a SMART award in June 2002 to develop its articulating prosthetic hand which later became the i-Limb Hand. It received start up funding from the Edinburgh based Archangels syndicate in March 2003. It has been described as a world leader in upper limb prosthetic technologies.
In 2005 the company rebranded as TouchBionics. It employs more than 120 people in Scotland, Germany and the USA.
It was sold to Össur in 2016 for £25.5 million.
# Adjudicator's Office

The Adjudicator’s Office is a UK non-departmental public body which was set up in 1993, initially to look into complaints about the Inland Revenue (including the Valuation Office Agency). HM Customs and Excise and the Contributions Agency joined in 1995. From 2003 the office also took on complaints about The Insolvency Service. In April 2005, the role continued in relation to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), which was formed by the merger of the Inland Revenue and HM Customs and Excise.
In March 2015, the Adjudicator was asked to become the independent reviewer for complaints about HM Treasury, Pension Wise. There were no complaints from Pension Wise during its first year. Following the move of Pension Wise to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP), from 1 April 2016, Pension Wise complaints have been considered by DWP. The Insolvency Service took its investigation of complaints in house in early 2016–17.
In relation to the Home Office, the adjudicator will review a Windrush Compensation Scheme decision or the conduct of a compensation claim on request.
The Adjudicator is an independent appointment agreed by the organisations for which she adjudicates.

## List of adjudicators

* Barbara Mills until 1999 - 2009.
** She was appointed Adjudicator for the Inland Revenue and Customs and Excise, in April 1999. The bodies merged in 2005.
* Judy Clements OBE 2009 - 2016
* Helen Megarry April 2016 – 2023.
* Mike McMahon October 2023 –

## Further Information

* Website: http://www.adjudicatorsoffice.gov.uk
# Siti Noor Iasah Mohamad Ariffin

Siti Noor Iasah binti Mohamad Ariffin (born 22 September 1989) is a Malaysian paralympic athlete who competing mainly in category T20 in sprinting and long jump events in international level events.
She competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics and 2020 Summer Paralympics.
# Nyctonympha andersoni

Nyctonympha andersoni is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins and Galileo in 1992. It is known from Bolivia and Colombia.
# Gavin Yates

Gavin Harrison Yates was Anglican Dean of Nelson from 1970 until 1981.
Yates was educated at the University of Canterbury and ordained in 1962. His first post was a curacy at Saint Paul's Cathedral, Wellington. He was Assistant Director of the Diocese of Wellington’s Christian Education Council then Vicar of Westport before his appointment as Dean. Yates was also interim Dean of Dunedin during 2008.
* Christianity
* New Zealand
# Atmaram Gajjar

Atmaram Mancharam Gajjar (1901-1961) was an Indian architect from Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

## Biography

Gajjar was born in 1901. He completed his graduation from the Sir J. J. School of Art in Bombay (now Mumbai). He was one of the first generation of the architects in India who had studied the western architecture. He started his practice in Ahmedabad. His buildings show the use of contemporary western architectural as well as traditional Indian architectural elements such as stone window grilles and chhajja shades. His works were influenced by Edwin Lutyens and Vincent Esch while his late works show influence of the Bauhaus. He designed Indian Art Deco style buildings as well. He died in Ahmedabad in 1961. His office was taken over by Hasmukh Patel.

## Works

Following buildings in Ahmedabad were designed by him:
* L. D. College of Arts (1937)
* Shodhan House (1939, now demolished)
* M. G. Science Institute building (1946)
* L. D. College of Pharmacy (1947)
* L. D. College of Engineering buildings (1948)
* Main building of Gujarat University (1947)
* A. G. Teachers Training College (late 1950s)
* Gajjar Hall near Law Garden
* St. Xaviers College (1956)
# Gephyromantis decaryi

Gephyromantis decaryi, commonly known as Decary's Madagascar frog, is a species of frog in the family Mantellidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and heavily degraded former forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.