OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Iben Mondrup

Iben Mondrup née Mortensen (born 1969) is a Danish novelist who spent her childhood in Greenland. A graduate of the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, she turned to writing in 2009. publishing eight novels by 2023. Like many of her works which draw on her experience of life in Greenland and deal with family conflicts, Godhavn won the DR Romanprisen [da] (Danmarks Radio's novel prize) in 2015. Her subsequent novels have also been best sellers. Now divorced, Mondrup has two children and lives in Copenhagen.

## Early life and family

Born in Copenhagen on 26 September 1969, Iben Mondrup is the daughter of the schoolteachers Ebbe and Kirsten Mortensen. She moved to Greenland with her parents in 1972. Initially she attended kindergarten with local Greenlandic children but then started school in a Danish-speaking class with just one other pupil, a boy from Denmark. Until she was 12, she lived in Qeqertarsuaq, known in Danish as Godhavn, but then the family moved to Nuuk, the capital. When she was 18, Mondrup moved to Copenhagen where she studied at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, graduating as a painter in 2003 with a master's degree in theory of art and communication.
Mondrup has been married three times, first when she was 17 with the Greenlandic Dane Efa Olsen After marrying Emil Salto, when she was 30 she gave birth to Ellen and when 33 to Bror. Mondrup later married the Danish author Niels Lyngsø [da] but is now divorced.

## Career

In connection with her artistic interests, Mondrup has been involved in performance art with the Greenlandic artist Jessie Kleemann. In 2012, at the Liverpool Biennial, she assisted Kleemann in presenting Sassuma Arnaa (Mother of the Sea).
It is, however, thanks to her novels that Mondrup has gained recognition. Her early works, Ved slusen (2009), Store Malene (2013) and Godhavn (2014) are all closely associated with Greenland. Not until 2016 with the family conflicts in Karenminde does she move into Denmark itself. Vi er brødre (2018) shows how two brothers develop in completely different directions after World War II.
Returning to Greenland with the highly acclaimed Tabita (2020), the first in a trilogy, Mondrup reveals the tragic lives of adopted Greenlandic children. Equally successful, the second installment, Vittu (2022), shows what sentiments of love and betrayal can be experienced by adopted children. The third book in the trilogy, Bjørn, continues the story of adopted Greenlandic children.

## Awards

For her novel Godhavn, Mondrup was awarded Danmarks Radio's Novel Prize in 2015. In 2017, for Karensminde she won the Blixen Prize for fiction.
# Gerhardsbrunn

Gerhardsbrunn is a municipality in the district of Kaiserslautern, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany.
# Vlaskaas

Vlaskaas is a Dutch Gouda cheese with a firm, yet creamy texture and a sweet, sharp flavor. Vlaskaas is made under the Beemster brand by the farmer-owned cooperative, CONO Kaasmakers in the Netherlands. The name translates to "flax cheese" but there is no flax in the cheese. The name is in honor of the historic importance of flax in the Dutch economy.
# Harcourt Arboretum

Harcourt Arboretum is an arboretum owned and run by the University of Oxford. It is a satellite of the university's botanic garden in the city of Oxford, England. The arboretum itself is located six miles (ten kilometres) south of Oxford on the A4074 road, near the village of Nuneham Courtenay in Oxfordshire, and comprises some 150 acres (60 hectares). Professor Simon Hiscock is the Horti Praefectus (Director) of the botanic garden and arboretum.
The arboretum forms an integral part of the tree and plant collection of the University of Oxford Botanic Garden. It occupies part of what were the grounds of Nuneham House, about 1+1⁄2 miles (2.5 kilometres) from the house itself. It was designed to form an impressive entrance to the landscaped grounds of the house.
William Sawrey Gilpin (1762–1843), the artist and later landscape designer, laid out the pinetum, which forms the core of the arboretum. The trees are now mature, with giant redwoods and monkey-puzzle trees.
The grounds include a 10-acre (4 ha) typical English woodland and a 37-acre (15 ha) summer flowering meadow. In late spring, the azaleas and rhododendrons are especially impressive. There are carpets of bluebells in the woods too. In the autumn, the leaf colours are brilliant, including Japanese maples. Peacocks roam the grounds, as they have since the establishment of the arboretum. In recent years, paths have been improved for accessibility.
The grounds are open to the public at a charge.
# Quantum correlation

In quantum mechanics, quantum correlation is the expected value of the product of the alternative outcomes. In other words, it is the expected change in physical characteristics as one quantum system passes through an interaction site. In John Bell's 1964 paper that inspired the Bell test, it was assumed that the outcomes A and B could each only take one of two values, -1 or +1. It followed that the product, too, could only be -1 or +1, so that the average value of the product would be
    ${\frac {N_{++}-N_{+-}-N_{-+}+N_{--}}{N_{total}}}$
where, for example, N$_{++}$ is the number of simultaneous instances ("coincidences") of the outcome +1 on both sides of the experiment.
However, in actual experiments, detectors are not perfect and produce many null outcomes. The correlation can still be estimated using the sum of coincidences, since clearly zeros do not contribute to the average, but in practice, instead of dividing by N$_{total}$, it is customary to divide by
    $N_{++}+N_{+-}+N_{-+}+N_{--}$
the total number of observed coincidences. The legitimacy of this method relies on the assumption that the observed coincidences constitute a fair sample of the emitted pairs.
Following local realist assumptions as in Bell's paper, the estimated quantum correlation converges after a sufficient number of trials to
    $QC(a,b)=\int d\lambda \rho (\lambda )A(a,\lambda )B(b,\lambda )$
where a and b are detector settings and λ is the hidden variable, drawn from a distribution ρ(λ).
The quantum correlation is the key statistic in the CHSH inequality and some of the other Bell inequalities, tests that open the way for experimental discrimination between quantum mechanics and local realism or local hidden-variable theory.

## Outside Bell test experiments

Quantum correlations give rise to various phenomena, including interference of particles separated in time.
# Phil McGuire

Phil McGuire may refer to:
* Phil McGuire (footballer) (born 1980), Scottish footballer
* Phil McGuire (field hockey) (born 1970), British former field hockey player
# Sidalcea malviflora

Sidalcea malviflora is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family, known by the common names dwarf checkerbloom, Greek mallow, prairie mallow and dwarf checkermallow.

## Distribution

Sidalcea malviflora is native to the West Coast of the United States, from Washington to California, and into northwestern Baja California. It is a common plant of chaparral, coastal sage scrub, and other habitat types.

## Description

Sidalcea malviflora is somewhat variable in appearance and there are many subspecies. In general it is a perennial herb growing from a woody caudex and rhizome, its stem reaching about 60 centimeters in maximum height. It is sparsely to densely hairy in texture. The leaf blades are variable in shape, but are often divided deeply into several lobes. The inflorescence is a dense or loose array of several flowers. The flower has five petals in shades of bright to dark pink, often with white veining, and measuring one to over three centimeters in length.

## Subspecies and endemics

There are over ten subspecies, some of which are endemic and rare:. They include:
* Sidalcea malviflora ssp. californica — California checkerbloom.
* Sidalcea malviflora ssp. dolosa — endemic to the San Bernardino Mountains.
* Sidalcea malviflora ssp. laciniata
* Sidalcea malviflora ssp. laciniata var. laciniata
* Sidalcea malviflora ssp. laciniata var. sancta
* Sidalcea malviflora ssp. malviflora — Checker mallow
* Sidalcea malviflora ssp. patula — Siskiyou checkerbloom — endemic to far northwestern California and southwestern Oregon.
* Sidalcea malviflora ssp. purpurea — Purple-stemmed checkerbloom — endemic to the California coast just north of the San Francisco Bay Area.
* Sidalcea malviflora ssp. rostrata
* Sidalcea malviflora ssp. virgata — Dwarf checkerbloom

## Cultivation

Sidalcea malviflora is cultivated as an ornamental plant, for use in traditional, native plant, water conserving, and wildlife gardens.
Cultivars have been selected for flower colors and size qualities, they include:
* Sidalcea malviflora 'Little Princess'
* Sidalcea malviflora 'Palustre' — Palustre Checkerbloom — more compact and a heavier bloom produced.
* Sidalcea malviflora 'Party Girl'
* Sidalcea malviflora 'Rosanna' — Rosanna Checker Mallow

## Ecology

It is a larval host to the West Coast lady.
# Iben Sandemose

Iben Sandemose (born 13 July 1950) is a Norwegian illustrator, children's writer, playwright and biographer. She was born in Oslo, and is the granddaughter of Aksel Sandemose. Among her children's books is Vingemus og kattejammer from 1987, and Ringeren & Notre Madame from 1994, which was adapted for theatre and staged at Centralteatret in 1994. She was awarded Teskjekjerringprisen in 2011. She is represented with her art works at Riksgalleriet and at the National Gallery of Norway.
# Gerhardsen

Gerhardsen is a Norwegian surname meaning 'son of Gerhard'. The given name Gerhard or Gerhart is a Germanic Masculine name commonly given in Scandinavia. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carin Gerhardsen (born 1962), Swedish author of crime fiction
* Einar Gerhardsen (1897–1987), Norwegian politician
* Gerhard Meidell Gerhardsen (1848–1912), Norwegian bailiff and politician
* Gerhard Meidell Gerhardsen (1885–1931), Norwegian bailiff and politician
* Gerhard Meidell Gerhardsen (economist) (1912–1986), Norwegian economist
* Marte Gerhardsen (born 1972), Norwegian civil servant, politician and organizational leader
* Mina Gerhardsen (born 1975), Norwegian politician
* Rolf Gerhardsen (1902–1971), Norwegian journalist and politician
* Rune Gerhardsen (1946–2021), Norwegian politician
* Werna Gerhardsen (1912–1970), Norwegian politician
# Vitthalwadi, Shirur

Vitthalwadi is a panchayat village in the state of Maharashtra, India, on the left (north) bank of the Bhima River. Administratively, Vitthalwadi is under Shirur Taluka of Pune District in Maharashtra. There is only the single village of Vitthalwadi in the Vitthalwadi gram panchayat. The village of Vitthalwadi is 6 km by road south of the village of Talegaon Dhamdhere, and 18 km by road east of the town of Koregaon Bhima.

## Demographics

In the 2001 census, the village of Vitthalwadi had 2,948 inhabitants, with 1,527 males (51.8%) and 1,421 females (48.2%), for a gender ratio of 931 females per thousand males.
# Orthaga amphimelas

Orthaga amphimelas is a species of snout moth in the genus Orthaga. It is known from Australia.
# Hufner

A Hufner, also spelt Hüfner, was a farmer in medieval Europe who managed one or more oxgangs (German: Hufe) as his own property.
The actual names of these members of the farming community varied from region to region. In the Low Saxon dialect region the term Hovener or Hofener was used, in the Central German region they were mainly known as Hufner or Hüfner and in the Upper German region as Huber. In many areas, completely different names were also used, such as Ackermann, Pferdner or, in the Upper Saxon region, even besessene Mann or besessene Männer. (Note: Pferdner actually refers to a similar type of farmer who owned and managed one or more horse teams (pferdegespannen). This may be regional, as the name appears more rarely than the variants of Hufner.)
The Hufner was a full member of the community of farmers; he had a say in that community and was allowed to use the commons. In the social hierarchy of the village the Hufners, as full farmers (Vollbauern) and owners of a farmstead with, depending on the region, 30 to 100 morgens of land, ranked above the gardeners and the tenant farmers or Häuslern.
A host of surnames are derived from these occupational names and their regional variations. The most common of these is the name Huber, which, in the German-speaking world, is one of the five to ten most common surnames and is especially widespread in South Germany, Switzerland and Austria. As a result of regional variations in pronunciation of the surname Huber, other surnames have developed including Huemer, Humer, Haumer, Huebmer and Hueber. Also common are the forms Höf(f)ner and Hüb(e)ner.
The Hufner had the same social standing as the driver (Einspänner), the owner of a horse and carriage; both were liable for socage.

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Historische Berufe - Bauer". Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
* ↑ Gorsler: Alte Berufsbezeichnungen aus Kirchenbüchern

## Literature

* Heide Wunder: Die bäuerliche Gemeinde in Deutschland (= Kleine Vandenhoeck-Reihe 1483). Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, Göttingen, 1986, ISBN 3-525-33473-7.
# The Official Superhero Adventure Game

The Official Superhero Adventure Game is a role-playing game published by its designer Brian Phillips in 1981.

## Description

The Official Superhero Adventure Game is a superhero system with rules mainly for combat (basic and advanced). The game includes dozens of hero and villain character descriptions. A calculator is required, as math formulas figure prominently in the rules.

## Publication history

The Official Superhero Adventure Game was designed and published by Brian Phillips in 1981 as a 52-page book with a blue and white cover, and 32 cardstock sheets. A second version was published the same year with a color cover.

## Reception

Lawrence Schick felt that the game system's rules were "confused" and "rudimentary".

## Reviews

* Different Worlds #23 (Aug 1982)
# Sicoderus bautistai

Sicoderus bautistai is a species of weevil in the genus Sicoderus indigenous to the island of Hispaniola. It is closely related to the species S. ramosi, S. guanyangi, and S. turnbowi. Its appearance has been described as similar to that of "black, shiny ants".
It is named for José Bautista, a Major League Baseball player from the Dominican Republic. The type specimen is a holotype collected at an elevation of 1,160 metres (3,810 ft) in Constanza. It was described as one of 18 new species of Sicoderus described in 2018 by entomologist Robert Anderson of the Canadian Museum of Nature.

## Etymology

Anderson describes the naming of the species as a "spur-of-the-moment decision" inspired by Bautista's bat flip after a home run in game 5 of the 2015 American League Division Series, around which time Anderson was in the process of describing a number of weevils from Hispaniola, and specifically the Dominican Republic.
When asked if some aspect of the species relates to Bautista, Anderson replied "Not really", and that the intention was to recognize Bautista's contribution to baseball in Canada. Anderson grew up a fan of Bautista's former team, the Toronto Blue Jays.

## Description

Sicoderus bautistai inhabits forests of Hispaniola, typically associated with vine plants upon which they feed with a specialized long proboscis. The integumentary surface is black and shiny,
Adults achieve a length of up to 3.8 millimetres (0.15 in), with males at least 3.2 millimetres (0.13 in) and females at least 2.9 millimetres (0.11 in).
The antenna insertion point occurs at the middle in the rostrum in the female, and just beyond in the male. The rostrum is 1.00–1.08 times the length of the elytra in males, and 1.09–1.17 times in females. The eyes occur at the rostrum's midlength, separated by about one half its width. The globose prothorax is widest at the middle and characterized by very few large, deep punctures and erect setae scattered throughout. The elytra have numerous erect setae, and the humeri are non-angulate and fully reduced.
In males, the first ventrite has a small cluster of fine seta, but is not raised near the posterior margin. For the female, it is uniformly convex. The fifth ventrite in males has fine, shallow setae on an impression covering about one half its length, whereas the female's is uniformly convex. The male has an aedeagus whose internal sac has a pair of basal sclerites that are long, curved, and join at the anterior.
The profemora are very small with a dull tooth, whereas the mesofemora and metafemora do not have a tooth. Each tarsus has a basal tooth.
It can be distinguished from closely related species S. ramosi, S. guanyangi, and S. turnbowi by the presence and size of the femoral teeth, the structure of the first male ventrite, and the structure of the internal sac's basal sclerite in the male.
# FunTech (computer school)

FunTech is a British company founded in 1996 which offers extracurricular computer tuition for children aged 5 to 18 years old based in Maidenhead, Berkshire.
Courses generally consist of weekly classes of 6 to 10 students as well as online homework, however one-on-one tuition and holiday courses are also available. Subjects range from the basics of computer use and touch typing, through to GCSE, A-Level and Computer Programming. Classes are normally carried out at the company's Maidenhead centre, although courses have been hosted at other schools.
FunTech has been featured on both the BBC as part of the Tomorrow's World Technology Family series and Channel 4 as part of a report on the British Government's decision to provide broadband access for every child
Every summer since 2013, FunTech hosts summer camp offerings to children in many English cities including Maidenhead, Oxford and Richmond. Courses include Touch Typing, several Minecraft courses, Python and Java programming and 3D game design. The preliminary summer session concluded successfully with well over 250 students attending over 6 weeks.
Since the beginning of the Covid lock-down, they have been offering a range of virtual courses, in which students are able to learn the necessary skills of computing and further their knowledge in coding and designing which many parents and students have highly reviewed.
# Bill Gropp

William Douglas Gropp is the director of the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) and the Thomas M. Siebel Chair in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. He is also the founding Director of the Parallel Computing Institute. Gropp helped to create the Message Passing Interface, also known as MPI, and the Portable, Extensible Toolkit for Scientific Computation, also known as PETSc.
Gropp was awarded the Sidney Fernbach Award in 2008, "for outstanding contributions to the development of domain decomposition algorithms, scalable tools for the parallel numerical solution of PDEs, and the dominant HPC communications interface". In 2016, he was awarded the ACM/IEEE-CS Ken Kennedy Award "For highly influential contributions to the programmability of high-performance parallel and distributed computers, and extraordinary service to the profession."
In 2009, Gropp received an R&D 100 Award for PETSc. In February 2010, he was elected to the National Academy of Engineering, "For contributions to numerical software in the area of linear algebra and high-performance parallel and distributed computation." In March 2010, he was honored with the IEEE TCSC Medal for Excellence in Scalable Computing. He is a Fellow of ACM, IEEE, and SIAM, and an elected member of the National Academy of Engineering.
Gropp received his PhD at Stanford in 1982, under Joseph Oliger.
# Ploatz

Ploatz is a hearty sheet cake made of rye bread dough with variable topping, a speciality of the Haune valley of Hesse, Germany. It is common in Upper Hesse, Franconia, Middle Franconia, Rhön and Hohenlohe.
# The Opponent

The Opponent may refer to:
* The Opponent (1988 film), a 1988 film starring Daniel Greene
* The Opponent (2000 film), a 2000 film starring Erika Eleniak
# Vittina natalensis

Vittina natalensis, commonly known as spotted nerite or zebra nerite, is a species of small freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Neritidae, the nerites. It returns to brackish waters to reproduce. This is a popular aquarium snail, sold because it looks attractive and eats algae in freshwater tanks, but can only reproduce in saltwater or brackish water conditions.

## Distribution

This species is endemic to the coastal plain of East Africa -- Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, South Africa, and Tanzania. Its specific name natalensis refers to the region of Natal, South Africa.

## Human use

This species is a common choice of algae-eating snail among freshwater aquarists. In the aquarium trade, the striped shell of this species has caused it to be known as the tiger snail, zebra snail, or zebra nerite. (The name zebra nerite is however misleading, because there are several species of nerite that have that common name, including Puperita pupa, a small marine nerite from the tropical western Atlantic.) The stripes in some individuals may display as zigzags, dashes or spots. In an aquarium, the shell of this species grows to about 2.5 cm (one inch) in diameter. This snail prefers an aquarium temperature of 22 to 26 °C.
* Vittina natalensis in an aquarium
* Vittina natalensis moving over aquarium glass
# Tulloch Dam

Tulloch Dam is a hydroelectric dam on the Stanislaus River in central California. The dam is part of the Stanislaus River Tri-Dam project cooperatively owned by the Oakdale and South San Joaquin Irrigation Districts, and was completed in 1958. It serves mainly for irrigation purposes but also has a power station with a capacity of 18 megawatts. The dam is located just downstream of the New Melones Dam and upstream of the Goodwin Dam.
# Quasten

Quasten is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Johannes Quasten (1900–1987), German Catholic theologian and academic
* Paul Quasten (born 1985), Dutch-born Czech footballer