OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Discovery of America by Christopher Columbus

The Discovery of America by Christopher Columbus is a painting by the Spanish artist Salvador Dalí, begun in 1958 and finished in 1959. It is over 14 feet tall and over 9 feet wide (410 x 284 cm; 161.4 x 111.8 in), one in a series of large paintings Dalí did during this era.

## Description

This work is an ambitious homage to Dalí's Spain. It combines Spanish history, religion, art, and myth into a unified whole. It was commissioned for Huntington Hartford for the opening of his Museum Gallery of Modern Art in New York's 2 Columbus Circle. At this time, some Catalan historians were claiming that Columbus was actually from Catalonia, not Italy, making the discovery all the more relevant for Dalí, who was also from this region of Spain.
The eponymous painting deals with Christopher Columbus's first landing in the New World. It depicts the event metaphorically rather than aiming for historical accuracy. Columbus is depicted not as a middle-aged mariner, but as an adolescent boy in a classical robe to symbolize America as a young continent with its best years ahead of it.
Dalí, in a period of intense interest in Roman Catholic mysticism at the time, symbolically portrayed Columbus bringing Christianity and the true church to a new world as a great and holy accomplishment.
Gala Dalí, the painter's wife, whom he often depicted as the Virgin Mary, poses for the role of The Blessed Virgin (or according to some commentators Saint Helena) on the banner in the right hand of Columbus. She appears as a Saint, suggesting that she is Dalí's muse and that she is responsible for his own, "Discovery of America".
Dalí painted himself in the background as a kneeling monk holding a crucifix. Dalí's belief that Columbus was Catalan is represented by the incorporation of the old Catalan flag.
The painting contains numerous references to the works of Diego Velázquez (specifically The Surrender of Breda), a Spanish painter who had died 300 years earlier, and who influenced both Dalí's painting and his moustache. Dalí borrows the spears from that painting and places them on the right hand side of his work. Within these spears, Dalí has painted the image of a crucified Christ, which was based on a drawing by the Spanish mystic, St. John.
In the bottom center of the painting, on the beach a few steps in front of Columbus, is the bumpy and pockmarked brown sphere of a sea urchin with a curious halo-like ring around it.

## Current status

The painting now hangs in the Salvador Dalí Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida which provides a permanent home for the collection of A. Reynolds Morse & Eleanor R. Morse.
# Simone Rao Grimaldi

Simone Rao Grimaldi (died 12 March 1616) was a Roman Catholic bishop who served as Prelate of Santa Lucia del Mela (1602–1616).

## Biography

On 15 Aug 1602, Simone Rao Grimaldi was appointed by Pope Clement VIII as Bishop of the Territorial Prelature of Santa Lucia del Mela. He served as Prelate of Santa Lucia del Mela until his death on 12 Mar 1616.
# Astragalus panamintensis

Astragalus panamintensis is a species of milkvetch known by the common name Panamint milkvetch.

## Distribution

It is endemic to Inyo County, California, where it is native to the Panamint Range. It grows from cracks in the limestone cliffs of the desert mountains.

## Description

Astragalus panamintensis is a small, brambly perennial herb having wiry, tangled, silvery green stems up to 15 cm (5.9 in) long. The leaves are up to 12 cm (4.7 in) long and are made up of a thin central shaft bearing a few widely spaced, pointed linear leaflets.
The inflorescence holds one to four pinkish-purple flowers, each around a centimeter long. The fruit is a roughly hairy legume pod which is somewhat triangular in cross-section and dries to a papery texture. It may be nearly 2 cm (0.79 in) long.
# Special interest high schools in South Australia

South Australian high schools that offer specialised courses and programs. Some schools have a selection process for entry into their special programs.
* Aberfoyle Park High School, Ignite: Students with High Intellectual Potential
* Adelaide Botanic High School, Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)
* Adelaide High School, Language, Cricket, Rowing and centre of hearing impaired
* Australian Science and Mathematics School, Science/Maths
* Blackwood High School, Netball
* Brighton Secondary School, Music and Volleyball
* Charles Campbell Secondary School, Dance/Drama/Music/Performing Arts
* Glenunga International High School, Ignite: Students with High Intellectual Potential
* Golden Grove High School, Dance/Drama
* Grant High School, Baseball
* Heathfield High School, Volleyball
* Henley High School, Sport and Physical Education
* Marryatville High School, Music and Tennis
* Mount Gambier High School, athletics, cricket, Australian rules football and netball
* Pasadena High School, Basketball
* Playford International College formerly Fremont–Elizabeth City High School, Music
* Seaton High School, Baseball, (previously Students with High Intellectual Potential (SHIP))
* Seaview High School, Tennis
* The Heights School
* Underdale High School, Soccer, music, dancing and choir
* Urrbrae Agricultural High School, Agriculture
* Wirreanda High School, Sport and Physical Education
* Woodville High School, Music
The four Special Interest Music Centres cover four distinct geographical areas of Adelaide, and were set up in the respective schools over a two-year period: Brighton and Marryatville High Schools (1976), Woodville High School (1977) and Fremont-Elizabeth City High School (1978).

## Other specialist schools

* Australian Science and Mathematics School, Science and Mathematics
* Gleeson College, Football (Soccer)
# James Nasak

James Nasak is an Anglican bishop in Uganda: he has been Bishop of North Karamoja since 2007.
# Ischnocampa hemihyala

Ischnocampa hemihyala is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1909. It is found in Peru.
# Jacksons on George

Jacskons on George is a pub in the Sydney central business district, Australia. It opened in 1986, closing in 2018 and being demolished along with the adjoining Gold Fields House as part of the construction of Salesforce Tower. It was rebuilt, reopening in September 2023.
# Stanton Glacier

Stanton Glacier is a glacier in Flathead National Forest in the U.S. state of Montana. The glacier is situated in a cirque on the northeast slope of Great Northern Mountain (8,705 ft (2,653 m)). Stanton Glacier is one of several glaciers that have been selected for monitoring by the U.S. Geological Survey's Glacier Monitoring Research program, which is researching changes to the mass balance of glaciers in and surrounding Glacier National Park (U.S.). Stanton Glacier is 1 mile (1.6 km) northwest of Grant Glacier.
# Suva Morava

Suva Morava is a village in the municipality of Vladičin Han, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 859 people.
# George S. Keller

George Sherman Keller (born May 16, 1881) was an American clergyman and college football player and coach. He played varsity football at the University of Pennsylvania for one season before earning his undergraduate degree and enrolling at the Philadelphia Divinity School He graduated with his seminary degree in 1907 and served as a pastor at several locations in Minnesota and South Dakota. Keller spent two seasons (1908–1909) as the head football coach at the South Dakota School of Mines in Rapid City, South Dakota, where he compiled a record of 10–1. He also served as the head football coach at Huron University in Huron, South Dakota in 1910.
# Urar mouse-like hamster

The Urar mouse-like hamster or Azerbaijani mouse-like hamster (Calomyscus urartensis) is a medium-sized mouse-like hamster from Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan and northwestern Azarbaijan Province, Iran. The species is named after the ancient kingdom of Urartu centered around the Armenian Highlands. It is among the better studied representatives of this poorly known genus. The initial species description was based on a unique chromosome number (2n=32; FNa=42) called a karyotype. The species status has been confirmed with other chromosomal studies and morphometric studies. The species description by Vorontsov et al. and subsequent prompted elevation of several subspecies of Calomyscus bailwardi to species status.
# North Bank Lighthouse

The North Bank or Northbank Lighthouse, is an active aid to navigation located at the mouth of the River Liffey, near Dublin, Ireland. It is one of four lighthouses that help guide shipping into the Liffey, and the Port of Dublin, all of which are operated and maintained by the Dublin Port Company. Built in 1882, it also affectionately called The Tea Caddy due to its architecture, and has also been described as "resembling a giant mailbox on stilts".

## History

Completed in 1882, the green lighthouse consists of a square tower with a lantern room and gallery, which is supported by a series of concrete columns. This gives an overall height of 11 metres (36 ft). It is located midway between the end of the North Bull Wall, and Alexandra Quay and the main port.
The other lighthouses for the port are Poolbeg at the end of the Great South Wall, North Bull at the end of the North Bull Wall, and North Wall Quay Lighthouse at the entrance to the Alexandra Basin. These lights and the various buoys at the side of the channel follow the convention of green on the right (starboard) and red on the left (port) when entering the dredged channel. The 1923 edition of the British Pilot shows that this has not always been the case, with a partial reversal of colours. Then Poolbeg light was painted black, North Bull had a red tower and North Bank showed an occulting white light from a "tower, painted with red and white bands".
Although the fog bell at North Bank is now disused, in 1923 it was still operational, along with other bells at North Bull and North Wall Quay, whereas Poolbeg had a fog siren.

## Popular culture

A large scale replica of the lighthouse complete with a working green light was built by artist Fergal McCarthy inside the Science Gallery at Trinity College, Dublin in 2015. It was part of the Home/Sick exhibition, McCarthy having been "fascinated for several years by the sight of the Northbank Lighthouse at the mouth of the Liffey estuary".
In 2017, the lighthouse was used as a diving platform by cliff divers who put on a display as a part of the lead up to the Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series competition that took place on Inishmore in June of that year.

## Operations

Operated by the Dublin Port Company, it is registered under the international Admiralty number A5886 and it has the NGA identifier of 114–6632. With a focal height of 10 metres (33 ft) above sea level, the light can be seen for 16 nautical miles. Its characteristic is an occulting green light, which is lit for seven seconds and eclipsed (or dark) for one second.
# Jacksontown, Ohio

Jacksontown is a census-designated place (CDP) in central Licking Township, Licking County, Ohio, United States. It has a post office with the ZIP code 43030. It lies at the intersection of U.S. Route 40 with State Route 13.
Jacksontown is the birthplace of Carl Osburn, winner of five Olympic gold medals, four silver medals and two bronze. It is also the headquarters for the Ohio Department of Transportation's (ODOT) District 5.

## History

Jacksontown was originally called Jackson, and under the latter name was laid out in 1829. The community was named after Andrew Jackson, seventh President of the United States. A post office has been in operation under the name Jacksontown since 1831.
# The Endless Summer II

The Endless Summer II is a 1994 film directed by Bruce Brown and is a sequel to his 1966 film The Endless Summer. In The Endless Summer II, surfers Pat O'Connell and Robert "Wingnut" Weaver retrace the steps of Mike Hynson and Robert August. It shows the growth and evolution of the surfing scene since the first film, which presented only classic longboard surfing. O'Connell rides a shortboard, which was developed in the time between the two movies, and there are scenes of windsurfing and bodyboarding.
The film illustrates how far surfing had spread, with footage of surf sessions in France, South Africa, Costa Rica, Australia, Bali, Java, and even Alaska. It also has a brief cameo appearance by morey surfer Felipe Zylbersztajn, Steve Irwin, and Mary, a crocodile from Irwin's Australia Zoo.
In 2003, Dana Brown, Bruce's son, made what is seen as the "third movie", Step into Liquid. It follows the evolution of surfing over the last 10–15 years from shortboarding to tow-in surfing.

## Year-end lists

* 8th – David Stupich, The Milwaukee Journal
# Ganyo

Ganyo is a village in Lahe Township, Naga Self-Administered Zone, in the Sagaing Region of northwestern Burma. It is located in the Naga Hills near the border with India.
# Astragalus hystrix

Astragalus hystrix is a species of milkvetch in the family Fabaceae. It is a perennial, non-climbing shrub.

## Habitat

Astragalus hystrix naturally grows in Southeast Turkey and Northwest Iran.
# Suva City (Indian Communal Constituency, Fiji)

Suva City Indian Communal is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 19 communal constituencies reserved for Indo-Fijians. Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. (Of the remaining 52 seats, 27 were reserved for other ethnic communities and 25, called Open Constituencies, were elected by universal suffrage). The electorate covered the nucleus of Suva City, Fiji's capital.
The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

## Election results

In the following tables, the primary vote refers to first-preference votes cast. The final vote refers to the final tally after votes for low-polling candidates have been progressively redistributed to other candidates according to pre-arranged electoral agreements (see electoral fusion), which may be customized by the voters (see instant run-off voting).

### 1999

| Candidate | Political party | Votes | % |
| Deo Narain | Fiji Labour Party (FLP) | 6,549 | 56.17 |
| Wadan Lal Narsey | National Federation Party (NFP) | 5,111 | 43.87 |
| Total | Total | 11,660 | 100.00 |

### 2001

| Candidate | Political party | Votes | % |
| Gyani Nand | Fiji Labour Party (FLP) | 6,768 | 74.65 |
| Attar Singh | National Federation Party (NFP) | 1,976 | 21.80 |
| Nardeo Mishra | New Labour Unity Party (NLUP) | 322 | 3.55 |
| Total | Total | 9,066 | 100.00 |

### 2006

| Candidate | Political party | Votes | % |
| Gyani Nand | Fiji Labour Party (FLP) | 7,660 | 77.32 |
| Chandra Kant Umaria | National Federation Party (NFP) | 1,675 | 16.91 |
| Dildar Shah | National Alliance Party (NAPF) | 405 | 4.09 |
| Mohammed Salamat Ali | Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua (SDL) | 147 | 1.48 |
| Shiu Ram | Coalition of Independent Nationals (COIN) | 20 | 0.20 |
| Total | Total | 9,907 | 100.00 |

## Sources

* Psephos - Adam Carr's electoral archive
* Fiji Facts
# George H. Peck

George Huntington Peck, Jr. (October 15, 1856 – January 9, 1940) was an American real estate broker, developer and millionaire.
Born in San Francisco, California, he began his career as a railroad conductor and is credited with driving the first Southern Pacific train into San Pedro. Convinced of the need for harbor facilities, he later bought land along the seashore and, in 1890–despite little formal education–established the first bank in San Pedro.
Peck eventually acquired virtually all of San Pedro and much of the north part of what became Manhattan Beach. He also subdivided and laid out the small town of El Porto, originally called "Peck's Beach", which was eventually annexed by Manhattan Beach and became part of its north end. He built Peck's Pier. Among his larger real estate transactions were the sale of properties for the Standard Oil (now Chevron) refinery at what became El Segundo and the Army's Fort MacArthur at San Pedro.
George Peck died at age 83 in his home located at 1315 W. Adams Boulevard in Los Angeles, in the West Adams District, leaving an estate valued at $5,000,000. Much of his estate was left in trusts for his chronically ill children, with the remaining value defaulting to the city upon their deaths. He is interred in the Mausoleum of the Golden West, Sanctuary of Faith at Inglewood Park Cemetery, Inglewood, California.
Streets in San Pedro and Manhattan Beach bear his name.
# Halicornopsis

Halicornopsis is a genus of cnidarians belonging to the family Kirchenpaueriidae.
The species of this genus are found in Africa and Australia.
Species:
# Uraraneida

Uraraneida is an extinct order of Paleozoic arachnids related to modern spiders. Two genera of fossils have been definitively placed in this order: Attercopus from the Devonian of United States and Permarachne from the Permian of Russia. Like spiders, they are known to have produced silk, but lack the characteristic spinnerets of modern spiders, and retain elongate telsons.

## Characteristics

The first fossil now placed in the order was found in Gilboa, New York. In 1987, it was initially tentatively placed in the extinct order Trigonotarbida and named Gelasinotarbus? fimbriunguis. Later, partly on the basis of a supposed spinneret, it was identified as a spider and named Attercopus fimbriunguis. Further specimens of this species were found, and when examined in detail, along with those assigned to the genus Permarachne, features inconsistent with their placement as spiders were revealed. Silk producing spigots are present, but are borne along the rear edges of ventral plates, not on appendage-like spinnerets, as in spiders. The specimens also have a long, jointed "tail" or flagellum at the end of the abdomen, after the anus, a feature lacking in spiders but present in some other arachnids, such as uropygids.

## Phylogeny and classification

A 2014 study placed the Uraraneida in the Tetrapulmonata, a clade of arachnids defined by the apomorphy (derived feature) of two pairs of book lungs. The Tetrapulmonata divide into two main clades, one of which, Serikodiastida (Greek for "silk workers"), unites Uraraneida and Araneae (spiders), groups that share the ability to produce and use silk.
An alternative classification suggested by Wunderlich in 2015, based on the same phylogeny, makes Uraraneida a suborder of Araneae, with "true spiders" treated as suborder Araneida.
| Selden et al. | Wunderlich |
| clade Serikodiastida order Uraraneida order Araneae | order Araneae suborder Uraraneida suborder Araneida |
In 2016, a fossil arachnid from the Pennsylvanian ("Late Carboniferous") age was described under the name Idmonarachne brasieri. It resembles uraraneids in lacking spinnerets, but unlike them resembles spiders in lacking a flagellum. The Late Carboniferous appears to be a time when there was a greater diversity of tetrapulmonate arachnids, of which the uraraneids were just one group. In 2018, two groups simultaneously published a new taxon, Chimerarachne from the mid-Cretaceous of Myanmar, which was considered either to be a member of Uraraneida, or more closely related to spiders. Later studies considered it to be more closely related to true spiders than to Uraraneida, due to it possessing spinnerets, which Uraraneida lack.

## Genera and species

Dunlop et al. (2015) accepted two species:
* Attercopus Selden & Shear, 1991
** Attercopus fimbriunguis (Shear, Selden & Rolfe, 1987) – Devonian; Gilboa, New York
* Permarachne Eskov & Selden, 2005
** Permarachne novokshonovi Eskov & Selden, 2005 – Permian; Matveyevka, Perm Krai, Russia
# Jackson Township, Champaign County, Ohio

Jackson Township is one of the twelve townships of Champaign County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census reported 2,555 people living in the township.

## Geography

Located in the southwestern corner of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Johnson Township - north
* Mad River Township - east
* German Township, Clark County - southeast corner
* Pike Township, Clark County - south
* Elizabeth Township, Miami County - southwest corner
* Lostcreek Township, Miami County - west
* Brown Township, Miami County - northwest
Two villages are located in Jackson Township: Christiansburg in the southwest, and part of St. Paris in the north. The unincorporated community of Thackery lies in the township's southeast.

## Name and history

Jackson Township is named for Andrew Jackson. It is one of thirty-seven Jackson Townships statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# The Devil's Walk

"The Devil's Walk: A Ballad" was a major poetical work published as a broadside by Percy Bysshe Shelley in 1812. The poem consisted of seven irregular ballad stanzas of 49 lines. The poem was a satirical attack and criticism of the British government. Satan is depicted meeting with key members of the British government. The poem was modelled on and meant as a continuation of "The Devil's Thoughts" of 1799 by Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Robert Southey. The work is important in Shelley's development and evolution of writings that castigate and criticise the British government to achieve political and economic reform.

## Background

The poem was written in 1812 by Shelley to protest the actions of the British government and harsh economic conditions in the country at the time. The poem emerged after the food riots in Devon where Shelley lived at that time. Prices for grain were at their highest level in 1812, there were shortages of food, and prices were inflated. Shelley attacked "a brainless King" and the "princely paunch" and "each brawny haunch" of the Prince Regent. The members of both houses of Parliament and the Church were also castigated. Political leaders and the wealthy were also attacked. The British war in Spain was similarly criticised.

## Plot

The devil, Beelzebub, awoke and dressed in his Sunday clothes. He puts on boots to hide his hooves and gloves to hide his claws. He wears a three-cornered hat, a bras chapeau, to hide his horns.
He went to London where he discussed religion and scandals with a friend. He went to St. James’s Court and St. Paul’s Church. He was “an agriculturist” and took care of his farm and his live-stock.
The devil then sat next to a priest at prayestates that without the Devil, the priest would have no job.
He then observed “a brainless King” with his attendants.
He observes that political leaders thrive from war and conflict and human misery. He castigates British policy in Ireland and the British military engagement in Spain against France. He attacks Lord Castlereagh. He attacks the Prince as being fat and having a “maudlin brain”. He observes that the Devil, sometimes called Nature, supports “men of power” and privilege.
He next observed a lawyer kill a “viper” which climbed up the leg of the table. The Devil hums “a hellish song”, comparing himself to a “yeoman” who surveys his lands contemplating his profits and gains.
He noted how the wealthy plunder and impoverish the poor. He castigates Bishops and Lawyers for their greed and pomp.
He next encounters a statesman to whom he reveals himself. The hell-hounds Murder, Want, and Woe, flocked around them. He castigates the carnage in Spain.
The devil is joyful. Monarchs prosper in war and turmoil and depredation.
Reason, however, will ultimately prevail. Those with reason, “the sons of Reason”, understand that as reason prevails, the rule of tyrants will be short-lived and they will eventually be overthrown