OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Glatz (district)

The district of Glatz was a Prussian district in Silesia, which existed from 1742 to 1945. Its capital was the town of Glatz (Kłodzko). Its territory is now part of the Polish Lower Silesian Voivodeship.

## History

After conquering most of Silesia, King Frederick the Great introduced Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia by cabinet order on 25 November 1741. This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau (Wrocław) and Glogau (Głogów) as well as their subdivision into districts and the appointment of district administrators on 1 January 1742.
The Glatz district initially belonged to the Breslau War and Domain Chamber until it was assigned to Regierungsbezirk Reichenbach of the Province of Silesia in the course of the Stein-Hardenberg reforms of 1815. On 1 January 1818 the new Habelschwerdt district was formed from parts of the Glatz district. After Regierungsbezirk Reichenbach was dissolved, the districts of Glatz and Habelschwerdt were assigned to Regierungsbezirk Breslau on 1 May 1820. On 2 August 1855 the new Neurode district was created from the northern parts of the Glatz district with its capital in the city of Neurode (Nowa Ruda).
During the 19th-century Polish national liberation fights, many Polish insurgents and activists were imprisoned in the Kłodzko Fortress in the district, including publicist Włodzimierz Adolf Wolniewicz [pl], historian Wojciech Kętrzyński and priest Augustyn Szamarzewski [pl].
On 8 November 1919 the Province of Silesia was divided into two parts and the Glatz district became part of the new Province of Lower Silesia, which was formed from Regierungsbezirk Breslau and Regierungsbezirk Liegnitz. On 1 October 1932 the Neurode district was merged back into the Glatz district. On 1 April 1938 the Prussian provinces of Lower Silesia and Province of Upper Silesia were merged again to form the Province of Silesia, but this was reversed on 18 January 1941.
During World War II, the district was the location of several subcamps of the Gross-Rosen concentration camp, several forced labour subcamps of the Stalag VIII-B/344 prisoner-of-war camp for Allied POWs, and a prison administered by the Reich Ministry of Justice and Wehrmacht, which housed prisoners of various nationalities, including Polish civilians and Allied POWs. In 1942–1943, six FStGA field penal battalions (1, 7, 10, 13, 16, 20) were established in the district capital and afterwards relocated to the eastern front. In January and February 1945, many prisoners from other locations were brought to the local prison either during death marches or transports, and many were then sent further west to Bautzen.
In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army and in the summer of 1945, it was placed under Polish administration in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement. The remaining German population was expelled in accordance to the Potsdam Agreement and replaced by Poles.

## Demographics

According to the census of 1861, the Glatz district had a population of 56,584, of which 52,968 (93.6%) were Germans and 3,616 (6.4%) were Czechs.
# TJ Rovinka

TJ Rovinka is a Slovak football team, based in the town of Rovinka. The club was founded in 1947. Rovinka played in a Super Cup at the start of the 2017–18 season, having won the Bratislava Cup the previous season. They lost to Czech side Tišnov [cs] 5–1, who had previously won the South Moravian Region Cup.
As an amateur side, Rovinka defeated Senica of the Slovak First Football League 3–2 in the third round of the 2020–21 Slovak Cup, causing an upset. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia, amateur clubs were expelled from the competition before the next round, so Rovinka played no further part in the cup.
Rovinka won the 4. liga, Bratislava Region in the 2022–23 season, but refused to apply for a license to play in the third-tier league for the following season, thus remaining at the fourth level.

## Notable players

The following players had international caps for their respective countries. Players whose name is listed in bold represented their countries while playing for Rovinka.
    Past (and present) players who are the subjects of Wikipedia articles can be found here.
* Siradji Sani

## Honours

* 4. Liga
** Winners (1): 2022–23
# Stanley, Kentucky

Stanley is an unincorporated community in Daviess County, Kentucky, United States. Its zip code was 42375, but its post office closed in 1997.

## Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Stanley has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.
# Giridih Coalfield

Giridih Coalfield is located in Giridih district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

## History

Coal mining activities were initiated in Giridih by private owners in 1857, making it the earliest coal mine in Bihar/Jharkhand. East Indian Railway started organised mining in 1896. The ownership of the coalfield was handed over to the state collieries in 1936 and then transferred to National Coal Development Corporation in 1956. Following nationalization of the coal industry it became a part of Coal India Limited in 1975.

## Coalfield

Giridih Coalfield is spread over an area of 28.5 km$^2$ (11.0 sq mi). It has 20 seams. The Lower Karhabari seam, 3 to 7.5 m (9.8 to 24.6 ft) thick, has the finest coking coal in India. Other important seams are Upper Karhabari and Bandhua seams. The reserves are estimated at 17.3 million tonnes. The Giridih Coalfield is typical of Karhabari formation. It has low moisture (1.40-1.80%), low ash content (9-12.6%), low in sulphur (0.5%) and phosphorus (0.01%). The coalfield is located around Beniadih, in Giridih block, south of Giridih.
# Glendale, Monroe County, Wisconsin

Glendale is a town in Monroe County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 579 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated community of Glendale is located in the town.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 35.7 square miles (92.3 km$^2$), of which, 35.6 square miles (92.3 km$^2$) of it is land and 0.03% is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 579 people, 216 households, and 168 families residing in the town. The population density was 16.2 people per square mile (6.3/km$^2$). There were 250 housing units at an average density of 7.0 per square mile (2.7/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 99.31% White, 0.35% Native American, and 0.35% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.17% of the population.
There were 216 households, out of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.3% were married couples living together, 2.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.8% were non-families. 18.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.05.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.9% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 16.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 113.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.3 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $37,083, and the median income for a family was $43,333. Males had a median income of $30,156 versus $20,568 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,158. About 4.1% of families and 4.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.3% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
# Givira talboti

Givira talboti is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.
# Tabibuga

Tabibuga is the District HQ of Jimi District in Jiwaka Province of Papua New Guinea. The magnetic declination in Tabibuga, Papua New Guinea is +4.70°.
# Tabanus sparus

Tabanus sparus is a species of horse fly in the family Tabanidae.

## Distribution

United States.

## Subspecies

These two subspecies belong to the species Tabanus sparus:
* Tabanus sparus milleri Whitney, 1914
* Tabanus sparus sparus Whitney, 1879
# Glipostena pelecotomoidea

Glipostena pelecotomoidea is a species of beetle in the genus Glipostena. It was discovered in 1911.
# Tadil (disambiguation)

* TADIL-J system of standardized J-series messages
* Tactical data link
* MIL-STD-6011
* Tadil village in India
* S-TADIL J real-time Beyond Line-of-Sight Tactical Digital Information Link
# Tadikona, Allavaram Mandal

Tadikona is a village in Allavaram Mandal, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Konaseema district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India.

## Demographics

As of 2011 India census, Tadikona had a population of 1662, out of which 832 were male and 830 were female. The population of children below 6 years of age was 10%. The literacy rate of the village was 76%.
# Globe Station

Globe Station may refer to:
* Globe station, a light rail station in Sacramento, California, USA
* Globe Hill Station, a defunct pastoral lease and cattle station in Western Australia
* Globe Ranger Station, a principal office in the Tonto National Forest in Arizona, USA
* Globe Road & Devonshire Street railway station, a demolished railway station in London, England
# Glomerulopathy

Glomerulopathy is a disease that impacts the glomeruli in the nephron, either inflammatory or noninflammatory. Glomerulopathy includes collapsing glomerulopathy, glomerulocystic kidney disease, glomerulomegaly, membranous nephropathy, and tip lesion glomerulopathy.
Collapsing glomerulopathy (CG) is a clinicopathologic entity that involves hypertrophy and hyperplasia of podocytes and segmentar or global collapse of the glomerulus.
Glomerulocystic kidney disease is a rare form of renal cyst disease. Cortical microcysts, which are portrayed by cystic dilatation of Bowman's spaces, are its defining feature.
Glomerulomegaly is defined by unusually large glomeruli.
Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an uncommon autoimmune condition in which autoantibodies directed primarily against podocyte antigens target the glomerulus, causing electron-dense immune complexes to form, complement activation to occur, and severe proteinuria.
The glomerular tip lesion (GTL) is a unique histopathologic lesion that appears in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome patients.
# Tadhg Mór Ó hUiginn

Tadhg Mór Ó hUiginn was an Irish poet.
Ó hUiginn was a member of a highly regarded Connacht O'Higgins family of bards. His surviving poems include:
* Gach éan mar a adhbha
* Slán fat fholcadh
# Giuseppe Rivola

Giuseppe Rivola was an Italian painter of the Baroque period. He was a pupil of Filippo Abbiati, and died in 1740.
# Giuseppe Riva

Giuseppe Riva (4 November 1834 in Ivrea – 10 November 1916) was an Italian lawyer and painter, known for portraits, historical paintings, and landscapes.
He was a resident of Milan. One of his masterworks was While reading a memorial plaque for the Calvinist Covenanters, Catherine de' Medici surprised by Mary Stuart, sent to the Exhibition of Fine Arts at Turin in 1883. To the same exhibition in 1887, he sent Ultimi istanti di Cola di Rienzi, last Tribune of Rome. In 1872 at the Milan Exposition, he displayed, several half-figure portraits. At the 1883 Rome Exposition, he displayed Two Shepherdesses, an Idyll. Another painter of the same name was active in Bergamo and Rome (1861–1941).
# TUSM

TUSM may refer to:
* Temple University School of Medicine, in the United States
* Tufts University School of Medicine, in the United States
* Shanghai Tongji University School of Medicine, in Shanghai, China
* SC-89 (TUSM), a surface mount device manufactured by Renesas Electronics
# TUST

TUST may refer to:
* Ta Hwa University of Science and Technology in Taiwan
* Tianjin University of Science and Technology in Tianjin
# Tagore (name)

Tagore is a surname held by the Tagore family. Notable people with the surname include:

## Jorasanko branch of the Tagore family

A branch of the family based in the Jorasanko neighbourhood of Kolkata.
* Abanindranath Tagore (1871–1951), artist
* Debendranath Tagore (1817–1905), Brahmoism founder
* Dwarkanath Tagore (1794–1846), businessman and aristocrat
* Dwijendranath Tagore (1840–1926), writer, musician, and pioneer in Bengali shorthand and musical notations
* Gaganendranath Tagore (1867–1938), artist
* Ganendranath Tagore (1841–1869), musician and founder of Jorasanko Natyashala; a member of the Tagore family
* Hemendranath Tagore (1844–1884), nationalist, yogi, founder of Adi Dharm
* Jyotirindranath Tagore (1849–1925), musician
* Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941), writer, performer, the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in 1913. Composed the Indian and Bangladeshi national anthems
* Ramanath Tagore (1801–1877), social figure associated with British Indian Association and son of Nilmoni Tagore
* Satyendranath Tagore (1842–1923), musician, reformer, and the first Indian to join the ICS in 1863
* Swarnakumari Devi (1855–1932), female novelist

## Pathuriaghata branch of the Tagore family

A branch of the family based in the Pathuriaghata neighbourhood of Kolkata.
* Gnanendramohan Tagore (1826–1890), first Asian to be called to the English bar in 1862; see List of members of Lincoln's Inn
* Gopimohan Tagore (1760–1819), one of the founders of Hindu College
* Jatindramohan Tagore (1831–1908), philanthropist
* Prasanna Coomar Tagore (1801–1886), lawyer and member of the Atmiya Sabha
* Prodyot Coomar Tagore (1873–1942), former Sheriff of Calcutta
* Sourindramohan Tagore (1840–1914), founder of the Banga Sangeet Vidyalaya and the Bengal Academy of Music
* Sharmila Tagore (b. 1944), film actor
# Return to Eden (novel)

Return To Eden is a 1988 science fiction novel by American writer Harry Harrison.
The novel is the third and final volume in Harrison's Eden trilogy. The first two stories of the trilogy are West of Eden and Winter in Eden.
The novel tells an alternate history of planet Earth in which the extinction of the dinosaurs never occurred. There is a war between a group of Cro-Magnon-level humans, who are descended from New World monkeys, and a reptilian race called Yilanè, who are descended from the prehistoric mosasaur and have become the dominant lifeform on the planet.
The central characters from the first book return, Vaintè, an ambitious Yilanè, and Kerrick, a "ustuzou" (the Yilanè word for mammal) captured by the Yilanè as a boy and raised by them. Kerrick eventually escapes to rejoin his own people and burn the Yilanè colony city.

## Plot

Kerrick's tribe, which now includes the two male Yilanè who have elected to remain with him, live an almost idyllic life at a small lake, until a raiding party from Alpèsak captures and rapes one of the males, who later dies. The tribe moves east and find a peaceful island. Later Herilak's tribe joins them.
The scientist Ambalasi studies the primitive Yilanè, in between solving the problems involved in getting the Daughters of Life to work, since they are all regarded as equal, so none may lead the work force.
Vaintè makes her way along the coast to a Yilanè city. She persuades the leader there to let her lead a group in search of the Daughters of Life, secretly planning to seek out and kill Kerrick and the other humans.
The weapons the humans stole from the Yilanè begin to die. Without them, they won't be able to kill the larger dinosaurs which threaten their safety this far south. However, the expedition goes wrong and Lanefenuu, who is the leader of Alpèsak now learns of their presence. Ambalasi contacts Lanefenuu to divert their attention while the Daughters of Life try to recruit new members and some males. This mission also fails.
The expedition of Vaintè contacts Lanefenuu and learns the whereabouts of the Daughters of Life. They capture Ambalasi as ordered, but then Vaintè turns on her leader and takes Enge hostage. She finds Kerrick, but before killing him, the surviving Yilanè male kills her.
# Great Short Novels of Adult Fantasy Volume II

Great Short Novels of Adult Fantasy Volume II is an anthology of fantasy novellas, edited by American writer Lin Carter. It was first published in paperback by Ballantine Books in March, 1973 as the fifty-sixth volume of its Ballantine Adult Fantasy series. It was the ninth such anthology assembled by Carter for the series.

## Summary

The book collects four novellas by as many fantasy authors, with an overall introduction and notes by Carter. It is a companion volume to Carter's earlier Great Short Novels of Adult Fantasy I (1972).

## Contents

* "Introduction" (Lin Carter)
* "The Woman in the Mirror" (George Macdonald, Phantastes)
* "The Repairer of Reputations" (Robert W. Chambers, The King in Yellow)
* "The Transmutation of Ling" (Ernest Bramah, The Wallet of Kai Lung)
* "The Lavender Dragon" (Eden Phillpotts, The Lavender Dragon)

## Reception

Theodore Sturgeon reported the stories "run from great to quaint."
The book was also reviewed by Everett F. Bleiler in The Guide to Supernatural Fiction, 1983.
# Goumsin

Goumsin is a town in the Kayao Department of Bazèga Province in central Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 2,247.
Within the framework of the Foyer Social Educatif du lycée Théodore Deck de Guebwiller, the educational college in partnership with the Aide au Développement has worked with young students in the town to develop educationally.
# Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Managua

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Managua (erected 2 December 1913) is a metropolitan diocese, and its suffragan dioceses include Bluefields, Esteli, Granada, Jinotega, Juigalpa, León en Nicaragua and Matagalpa.

## Leadership
### Ordinaries

* Archbishop José Antonio Lezcano y Ortega (1913–1952)
* Archbishop Vicente Alejandro González y Robleto (1952–1968)
* Cardinal Miguel Obando Bravo, SDB (1970–2005)
* Cardinal Leopoldo Brenes Solorzano (2005–present)

### Coadjutor archbishop

* Vicente Alejandro González y Robleto (1938-1952)

### Auxiliary bishops

* Isidro Carrillo y Salazar (1913-1924), appointed Bishop of Matagalpa
* Carlos de la Trinidad Borge y Castrillo (1953-1968)
* Donaldo Chávez Núñez (1966-1970)
* César Bosco Vivas Robelo (1981-1991), appointed Bishop of León en Nicaragua
* Leopoldo Brenes Solorzano (1988-1991), appointed Bishop of Matagalpa (but would later return here as Archbishop); future Cardinal
* Juan Abelardo Mata Guevara, SDB (1988-1990), appointed Bishop of Esteli
* Jorge Solórzano Pérez (2000-2005), appointed Bishop of Matagalpa
* Silvio José Báez Ortega, OCD (2009-

## Territorial losses

| Year | Along with | To form |
| 1924 | | Diocese of Matagalpa |
# Red-thighed sparrowhawk

The red-thighed sparrowhawk (Tachyspiza erythropus), alternatively known as the red-legged sparrowhawk or western little sparrowhawk, is a species of sparrowhawk in the family Accipitridae from western and northern central Africa. This species was formerly placed in the genus Accipiter.

## Taxonomy

The red-thighed sparrowhawk was formally described in 1885 by the German ornithologist Gustav Hartlaub based on a specimen collected in "Rio Bontry", now Butre on the coast of Ghana. He coined the binomial name "Nisus erythropus". The species was formerly placed in the genus Accipiter. In 2024 a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study of the Accipitridae confirmed earlier work that had shown that the genus was polyphyletic. To resolve the non-monophyly, Accipiter was divided into six genera. The genus Tachyspiza was resurrected to accommodate the red-thighed sparrowhawk together with 26 other species that had previously been placed in Accipiter. The resurrected genus had been introduced in 1844 by the German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup. The genus name combines the Ancient Greek ταχυς (takhus) meaning "fast" with σπιζιας (spizias) meaning "hawk". The specific epithet erythropus combines Ancient Greek ερυθρος (eruthros) meaning "red" with πους (pous), ποδος (podos) meaning "foot".
Two subspecies are recognised:
* T. e. erythropus (Hartlaub, 1855) – Senegal and Gambia to Nigeria
* T. e. zenkeri (Reichenow, 1894) – Cameroon to west Uganda and north Angola

## Description

A very small, dove-sized sparrowhawk with a distinctive tail pattern. The red-thighed sparrowhawk is sexually dimorphic, the males of the nominate subspecies having very dark grey upperparts with a white crescent on the lower rump which is conspicuous in flight, as are three white broken tail bars on the dark grey tail. In contrast to the blackish cheeks the throat is white with the rest of the underparts pinkish white. The vermilion eye is surrounded by a red eye ring, the cere is orange red and the legs are bright orange yellow. Males of the subspecies A.e. zenkeri have deep rufous underparts and more obvious white spots on the tail. Females are much bigger than the males, with browner upperparts and a more brownish orange eye. Juveniles normally have the underparts barred with brown, sometimes up to the breast. The body length is 23–28 cm (9.1–11.0 in) and the wingspan is 40 cm (16 in).

## Distribution and habitat

The red-thighed sparrowhawk is found in lowland primary rainforest, along the forest edges and in clearings, as well as in older secondary forest.

## Behaviour

The red-thighed sparrowhawk is a secretive and crepuscular species that spends most of the day perched in the interior of the forest. Its main prey is small birds up to the size of pigeons as well as lizards, amphibians, and insects. Prey is captured in quick dashes from a perch in the forest understory. This species often hunts co-operatively in pairs to harass mixed-species bird flocks.
The breeding behaviour is little known but it does build a small stick nest in the fork of a tree, the only record being a family of five recorded in Liberia in December 1996.
# St Mary & All Saints' Church, Holcot

St Mary & All Saints' Church is an Anglican Church and the parish church of Holcot. It is a Grade II listed building and stands on the west side of Main Street.
There was presumably a church at Holcot by 1086, when the Domesday Book records the presence of a priest there, although it does not mention a church building as such.
The main structure of the present building was erected in the 13th and 14th centuries. Restoration took place in 1845 and in 1889. The church now consists of a nave, north and south aisles, chancel and west tower. A detailed description also appears on the Historic England website.
The parish registers survive from 1559, the historic registers being deposited at Northamptonshire Record Office.
Holcot is part of a united Benefice along with Brixworth. Each parish retains its own church building.
# Anne Cirkel

Anne Cirkel is an electronic design automation industry executive, who is currently Senior Director for Technology Marketing at Mentor, a Siemens Business.
Annie Cirkel was born in Eschweiler, Germany and earned degrees in metallurgy, economics and business administration from Aachen University. Her EDA career started with a position at Viewlogic in their field office in Munich, Germany (Viewlogic was acquired by Synopsys in 1997.) In 1999, she moved to Portland, Oregon, to work for Analogy (now part of Synopsys) and the same year she was offered a job at Mentor's Wilsonville, Oregon headquarters.

## Awards

* 2018: Marie Pistilli Award
* IEEE EDA Outstanding Service Award
# Goumsé

Goumsé is a village in the Toece Department of Bazèga Province in central Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 766.
# Grab, Trnovo

Grab (Serbian Cyrillic: Граб) is a village in the municipalities of Trnovo, Republika Srpska and Trnovo FBIH, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 4, all Serbs living in the Republika Srpska part, thus none in the Federation part.
# Grabowhöfe

Grabowhöfe is a municipality in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.