OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nathan Smith (physician, born 1762)

Nathan Smith (September 30, 1762 – January 26, 1829) was a well known physician and professor in colonial and post-Revolutionary New England. He was noted as a skilled surgeon, teacher, writer, and practitioner. A leader in pioneering medical education in the United States, Smith founded or co-founded Dartmouth Medical School, the University of Vermont College of Medicine, the Medical School of Maine, and the Yale School of Medicine.

## Biography

Smith was born in Rehoboth, Massachusetts on September 30, 1762. When he was young, the family moved to a farm in Chester, Vermont, where Nathan attended public school. Nathan served in the Vermont militia, which fought indigenous people on the colony's frontier.
Smith decided to study medicine at age 24, after seeing an operation performed by Dr. Josiah Goodhue. Smith spent three years with Dr. Goodhue at Putney, Vermont, then opened his own practice at Cornish, New Hampshire. He later went to the Harvard College's medical department where he obtained his M.B. in 1790. Smith was the third graduate of Harvard's medical department. He was later awarded an MD by Harvard in 1811. In 1803 Smith matriculated at the University of Edinburgh where he attended medical classes for a year.
To address the new nation's need for expanded medical education, Smith founded the medical department at Dartmouth College. Initially the only member of the Dartmouth Medical School faculty, Smith taught anatomy, chemistry, surgery, and clinical medicine. He essentially served as dean and treasurer of the medical school, also. Smith emphasized experience rather than theory, and he largely eschewed bleeding and purging, favoring support of the body's own healing powers and attentiveness to the patient's comfort. Using these principles, he was a consultant on the child Joseph Smith, the future founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, saving his leg from amputation.
At Yale, Smith was the first professor of physic, surgery and obstetrics.

## Death and legacy

Smith died January 26, 1829 at New Haven, Connecticut. Three of his sons became physicians, the most prominent being Nathan Ryno Smith.
A collection of notes taken on his medical lectures between 1814 and 1815 are held at the National Library of Medicine. The Nathan Smith Society at Dartmouth College serves students interested in the health professions.
# Nesozineus clarkei

Nesozineus clarkei is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Galileo and Martins in 2007.
# Nadiolo

Nadiolo is a town in the Sabou Department of Boulkiemdé Province in central western Burkina Faso. It has a population of 3,382.
# Bunty Bailey

Therese "Bunty" Bailey (born 23 May 1964) is an English former actress, model and dancer. Bunty started her career as a dancer in the dance group Hot Gossip in the early 1980s. She became known as the girl in the music videos of a-ha's singles "Take On Me" and "The Sun Always Shines on T.V." made in 1985. She is the former girlfriend of the band's lead vocalist, Morten Harket, whom she met while working on the videos.
She has since appeared in several films, with her most recent role in 2008 as a Gypsy Momma in Defunct. She lives in Wraysbury, Berkshire. She has also worked as a children's dance teacher at Wraysbury and Datchet Village Hall. She was listed by Fox News as being one of The Hottest '80s Video Vixens. Bunty has two sons, Jake and Felix Bailey, who were born in 1996 and 1997 respectively. In June 2009, she was one of the first people to take advantage of the UK government car scrappage scheme and was invited to breakfast with the prime minister at the time, Gordon Brown.
In September 2012, Bailey appeared as the mystery guest on Channel 4's Big Fat Quiz of the '80s, with her appearance in the a-ha videos being the correct answer.

## Filmography

* The Kenny Everett Show (early 1980s) with Hot Gossip
* "Talking Loud and Clear", OMD (1984)
* "Take On Me", a-ha (1985) as the Girl
* "The Sun Always Shines on TV", a-ha (1985) as the Girl
* "To Be A Lover", Billy Idol (1986) dancer
* Spellcaster (1987) as Cassandra Castle
* Dolls (1987) as Isabel Prange
* Rock and the Money-Hungry Party Girls (1988)
* Glitch! (1988) as Bimbo
* a-ha: Headlines and Deadlines – The Hits of a-ha (1991)
* Essential Music Videos: Hits of the 80s (2003)
* Video on Trial: "Episode No.2.6" (2006)
* Defunct (2008) as Gypsy Momma
# Athletics at the 2015 SEA Games – Men's 3000 metres steeplechase

The men's 3000 metres steeplechase at the 2015 SEA Games was held in National Stadium, Singapore. The track and field events took place on June 12.

## Schedule

All times are (UTC+08:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Friday, 12 June 2015 | 17:30 | Final |

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world, Asian, and Southeast Asian Games records were as follows.
| World Record | Saif Saaeed Shaheen (QAT) | 7:53.63 | Brussels, Belgium | 3 September 2004 |
| Asian Record | Saif Saaeed Shaheen (QAT) | 7:53.63 | Brussels, Belgium | 3 September 2004 |
| Games Record | Eduardo Buenavista (PHI) | 8:40.77 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | 12 December 2001 |

## Results
### Legend

* PB — Personal Best
| Rank | Athlete | Time | Note |
| | Christopher Ulboc, Jr. (PHI) | 8:59.07 | |
| | Pham Tien San (VIE) | 8:59.90 | PB |
| | Atjong Tio Purwanto (INA) | 9:06.41 | PB |
| 4 | Ahmad Luth Hamizan (MAS) | 9:18.42 | PB |
| 5 | Mar Kaut (MYA) | 9:20.85 | PB |
| 6 | Le Trong Giang (VIE) | 9:25.08 | |
| 7 | Ribeiro Pinto de Carvalho (TLS) | 9:34.42 | PB |
| 8 | Sysavath Thammavongchith (LAO) | 9:37.41 | PB |
| 9 | Mohamed Shah Feroz Moheden (SIN) | 9:42.78 | PB |
| 10 | Rene Herrera (PHI) | 9:52.38 | |
| 11 | Colin Tung Zhi Shing (SIN) | 9:54.76 | PB |
# Anna Rybicka

Anna Rybicka (born 28 March 1977) is a Polish fencer. She won a silver medal in the women's team foil event at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Nesozineus galapagoensis

Nesozineus galapagoensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Van Dyke in 1953.
# Bis(2,4,5-trichloro-6-(pentyloxycarbonyl)phenyl)oxalate

Bis[2,4,5-trichloro-6-(pentyloxycarbonyl)phenyl]oxalate (also known as bis(2,4,5-trichloro-6-carbopentoxyphenyl) oxalate or CPPO) is an organic compound with the formula (C$_5$H$_{11}$O$_2$CC$_6$HCl$_3$O)$_2$C$_2$O$_2$. A white solid, it is classified as a diester of oxalic acid. It is an active ingredient for the chemiluminescence in glowsticks. It can be synthesized by reacting 2-carbopentoxy-3,5,6-trichlorophenol with oxalyl chloride.
When mixed with hydrogen peroxide in an organic solvent (diethyl phthalate, ethyl acetate, etc...) in the presence of a fluorescent dye CPPO causes the emission of light, following its degradation to 1,2-dioxetanedione (note that many side-groups of the aromatic rings are not shown.):
The reaction rate is pH dependent, and slightly alkaline conditions achieved by adding a weak base, e.g. sodium salicylate, will produce brighter light. Developed by American Cyanamid in the 1960s, the formulation containing CPPO, a fluorescer, and a glass capsule containing hydrogen peroxide and a base catalyst, all in dialkyl phthalate solvents, was marketed as Cyalume.
The following colors can be produced by using different dyes:
| Color | Compound |
| Blue | 9,10-Diphenylanthracene |
| Green | 9,10-Bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene |
| Yellow-green | Tetracene |
| Yellow | 1-Chloro-9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene |
| Orange | 5,12-Bis(phenylethynyl)naphthacene, Rubrene, Rhodamine 6G |
| Red | 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenyl 1,4,5,8-tetracarboxynaphthalene diamide, Rhodamine 101, Rhodamine B |
# Ikamatua

Ikamatua is a small village on the West Coast of the South Island in New Zealand. Its name translates literally as ika (fish) and matua (mature/parent). It may be a contraction of Te Ika-a-matua, fish of my ancestor.
It is located on the State Highway 7 inland route, 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Greymouth and 28 kilometres (17 mi) south of Reefton. It has a population of under 200.
In 1946, 4 km north of Ikamatua, the floating Grey River gold dredge dug its way across State Highway 7, and the main Greymouth to Westport railway link, to move into its new mining area in the Blackwater Valley. This was the first and only time that such an event has occurred in New Zealand.
In 1906 Ikamatua had two sawmills, a creamery, a railway station and a school.
# Nürəddin

39°49′03″N 46°30′39″E﻿ / ﻿39.81750°N 46.51083°E﻿ / 39.81750; 46.51083
Nürəddin (also, Nurəddin and Noradin) is a village in the Lachin Rayon of Azerbaijan.
The villages next to Nürəddin are Fərraş (2 kilometres (1 mi)) Suvat (3 kilometres (2 mi)) Kalafalıq (3 kilometres (2 mi)) Ardıclı (3 kilometres (2 mi)) Bozgüney (3 kilometres (2 mi)) Hagnəzər (5 kilometres (3 mi)) Vaqazin (5 kilometres (3 mi)) Piçənis (6 kilometres (4 mi)) Ağcayazı (6 kilometres (4 mi)) Ərdəşəvi (6 kilometres (4 mi))
There is a secondary school of Nürəddin village. Primary school of this village was called Arduşlu (Ardushlu).
# Bhim Singh of Marwar

Bhim Singh (? – 19 October 1803), was the Maharaja of Marwar Kingdom (r.  17 July 1793 – 19 October 1803).
He seized Mehrangarh and proclaimed himself ruler in place of his grandfather on 13 April 1792. On 20 March 1793, he surrendered and retired to his personal jagir at Sawana, and again seized the fort and proclaimed himself ruler for the second time on 17 July 1793. He spent his entire reign contesting the succession with his uncles and cousins. Bhim Singh was decided to be married to Krishna Kumari of Udaipur by her father Bhim Singh of Mewar.
He died at Mehrangarh, Jodhpur on 19 October 1803.
# Ia (genus)

Ia is a genus of bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It belongs to the subfamily Vespertilioninae and has been placed in the tribe Vespertilionini. In the past, it has also been considered a synonym or subgenus of the genera Pipistrellus or Eptesicus, which used to contain many more species than they do now. Ia comprises a single living species, the great evening bat (I. io) of eastern and southeastern Asia, and one extinct fossil species, I. lanna, from the Miocene epoch in Thailand. Another living species, I. longimana, was recognized in the past, but it is no longer considered a valid species distinct from the great evening bat.
At two letters, Ia ties the bat-like dinosaur Yi and the butterfly Ge for the shortest possible name of any animal genus under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
# Athira

Athira is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Athira Patel, Indian actress
* L. Athira Krishna, Indian violinist
# Anna Rynefors

Anna Rynefors (born 17 December 1974) is a Swedish musician who plays nyckelharpa and Swedish bagpipe. Together with her husband Erik Ask-Upmark, Rynefors is part of the groups Falsobordone, Dråm and Svanevit. Rynefors became Sweden's first female riksspelman on the Swedish bagpipe in 2005.
# 1957 San Diego State Aztecs football team

The 1957 San Diego State Aztecs football team represented San Diego State College during the 1957 college football season.
San Diego State competed in the California Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). The team was led by head coach Paul Governali, in his second year, and played home games at Aztec Bowl. They finished the season with two wins and seven losses (2–7, 0–1 CCAA). The Aztecs were shutout in four consecutive games and scored only 77 points in their nine games while giving up 243.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 21 | Pacific (CA)* | Aztec BowlSan Diego, CA | L 6–32 | 9,500 |
| September 28 | San Francisco State* | Aztec BowlSan Diego, CA | W 14–13 | 8,500 |
| October 5 | at La Verne* | Arnett FieldLa Verne, CA | W 38–0 | 1,200 |
| October 12 | San Diego Marines* | Aztec BowlSan Diego, CA | L 7–20 | 11,500 |
| October 19 | at San Jose State* | Spartan StadiumSan Jose, CA | L 0–46 | 8,000 |
| October 26 | Arizona State* | Aztec BowlSan Diego | L 0–66 | 8,500 |
| November 2 | at Fresno State | Ratcliffe StadiumFresno, CA (rivalry) | L 0–27 | 5,000 |
| November 9 | Hawaii Marines* | Aztec BowlSan Diego, CA | L 0–25 | 6,800 |
| November 15 | at Pepperdine* | El Camino StadiumTorrance, CA | L 12–14 | |
| *Non-conference gameHomecoming ||||||
# Nesozineus griseolus

Nesozineus griseolus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by M. Hoffmann in 1984.
# Billy Young (American football)

William George Young (December 17, 1901 – June 29, 1971) was a guard in the National Football League (NFL) who played for the Green Bay Packers. Young played his college football at the Ohio State University and played two professional games with the Green Bay Packers in 1929.
# Nevus depigmentosus

Nevus depigmentosus is a loss of pigment in the skin which can be easily differentiated from vitiligo. Although age factor has not much involvement in the nevus depigmentosus but in about 19% of the cases these are noted at birth. Their size may however grow in proportion to growth of the body. The distribution is also fairly stable and are nonprogressive hypopigmented patches. The exact cause of nevus depigmentosus is still not clearly understood. A sporadic defect in the embryonic development has been suggested to be a causative factor. It has been described as "localised albinism", though this is incorrect.
Those with nevus depigmentosus may be prone to sunburn due to the lack of pigment, and the patient should use good sun protection. Sunscreen should be applied to all exposed skin, since reduced tanning of normal skin will decrease the contrast with hypopigmented skin. Most patients with nevus depigmentosus do not pursue treatment for their lesion. There is no way to repigment the skin. If, however, the lesion is of cosmetic concern, camouflage makeup is effective. If the lesion is small one could also consider excision.

## Signs and symptoms

These are localized white spots on skin which may affect any area of the body, but these white spots are quite stable lesions. In the majority of patients, the lesions are not completely achromic, but are hypopigmented and resemble splashed paint. The individual lesions are permanent and there are no effective therapies for re-pigmenting this nevus. If there is hair in an affected area, it is usually colourless or white.

## Causes

All 3 components that is melanocytes, melanosomes, and melanogenesis is normal but the defect lies in the transfer of melanosomes.

## Diagnosis

Initial assessment can be made based on the presence of depigmented patches, and confirmed with a skin biopsy.

## Treatment

Different therapeutic modalities have been attempted to repigment the lesions of nevus depigmentosus such as PUVA, excimer laser, and different grafting techniques. PUVA therapy has not been shown to be beneficial. Successful repigmentation was reported in a single case with 14 sessions of excimer laser treatment. Though the repigmentation of nevus depigmentosus is possible by grafting techniques, the results are inconsistent and recurrence is possible. In consideration of the experience of other authors and us, the quality and retention of pigment are unpredictable. These factors need to be considered while consulting and offering any treatment to the patient of nevus depigmentosus.
# Artesunate/amodiaquine

Artesunate/amodiaquine, sold under the trade name Camoquin among others, is a medication used for the treatment of malaria. It is a fixed-dose combination of artesunate and amodiaquine. Specifically it recommended for acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. It is taken by mouth.
Common side effects include loss of appetite, nausea, abdominal pain, sleepiness, trouble sleeping, and cough. Safety in pregnancy is not clear; however, the medication may be used if others are not possible. It is believed to be safe for use during breastfeeding. Artesunate and amodiaquine are both antimalarial medication; however, work by different mechanisms.
Artesunate/amodiaquine was commercially launched in 2007. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Artesunate/amodiaquine is available as a generic medication. As of 2014 it is not commercially available in the United States or United Kingdom.

## Medical uses

Early clinical trials showed that a once-a-day dosage was effective. It was subsequently clinically shown to be equally effective as artemether/lumefantrine, although it is likely to be more effective in the field due to its simpler once-a-day dosage compared to artemether/lumefantrine twice-per-day dosage.

## Society and culture

Artesunate/amodiaquine was commercially launched in 2007 as an affordable treatment for malaria, devised by DNDi in partnership with Sanofi-Aventis. ASAQ was handed over to the MMV Access and Product Management Team in May 2015.
# Blackstone Barristers

The Blackstone Barristers were a minor league baseball team based in Emporia, Virginia. In 1948, the Barristers were a New York Yankees affiliate and played the season as members of the Class D level Virginia League, winning the league championship. In their only season of minor league play, Blackstone hosted minor league home games at the Blackstone Stadium.

## History

In 1947, the Washington Senators, St. Louis Cardinals and New York Yankees were interested in expanding their minor league affiliations and turning the semipro Virginia League into a minor league, which proved to be successful.
In 1948, the Blackstone "Barristers" became members of the Virginia League, which reformed as a six–team, Class D level league. The Emporia Nationals, Franklin Cubs, Lawrenceville Cardinals, Petersburg Generals and Suffolk Goobers joined Blackstone in beginning league play on April 23, 1948. Emporia and Lawrenceville were also minor league affiliates, of the Washington Senators and St. Louis Cardinals respectively. The Blackstone Barristers began play as a minor league affiliate of the New York Yankees.
The "Barristers" nickname lies in local history. Blackstone, Virginia is named for William Blackstone, who was a barrister.
In their only season of play, the Barristers won the 1948 Virginia League championship. The Nationals ended the regular season with a record of 78–62, placing 2nd in the regular season standings, finishing 7.5 games behind the first place Suffolk Goobers. Paul Badgett served as player/manager, hitting .340 with 23 home runs. In the playoffs, the Barristers swept the Franklin Cubs in four games to advance. In the Finals, the Blackstone Barristers defeated the Petersburg Generals in a seven game series, winning the final game to secure the championship. It was the final game played by the franchise. Blackstone pitcher Al Tefft led the league with a 21–1 record and 1.57 ERA.
In the 1949 Virginia League, the Blackstone did not return to the Virginia League, as the New York Yankees ended their affiliation agreement with Blackstone. The Barristers were replaced by the Hopewell Blue Sox franchise. In 1949, Emporia continued as the only Virginia League team with a major league affiliation.
The Virginia League eventually folded as a minor league following the 1951 season. Blackstone, Virginia has not hosted another minor league team.

## The ballpark

The Blackstone Barristers hosted 1948 home minor league home games at Blackstone Stadium. The ballpark was located at Lester Street & Jackson Street, adjacent to Blackstone High School and Blackstone Junior High School. Today, the site is still in use as a ballpark and is home to the Wigglesworth Stadium complex, located at 617 South Harris Street.

## Year–by–year record

| Year | Record | Finish | Manager | Attend | Playoffs |
| 1948 | 78–62 | 2nd | Paul Badgett | 37,632 | League champions |

## Notable alumni

* Wally Burnette (1948)
* Blackstone Barristers players
# Archie Creek Camp

Archie Creek Camp, in Wasatch National Forest, in Summit County, Utah, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016. It is in the general area of Robertson, Wyoming.
It is the location of six log cabins or remnants thereof, built and used between 1890 and 1930. It was used by the Standard Timber Company during the 1910s through 1930s for producing railroad cross-ties.
# Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Men's 1500 metres T13

The Men's 1500 metres T13 event at the 2016 Summer Paralympics took place at the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange 11 September. Notably, the top four finishers have all unofficially beaten the winning time of the Men's 1500 metres in the Olympics in the same year in the same venue, which was won by Matthew Centrowitz Jr. with the time of 3:50.00.
The T13 category is for athletes with a moderate visual impairment. Athletes in this category have a variety of visual impairments, but can typically recognize contours from a distance of 2 to 6 metres. Athletes in this category do not typically require a guide.

## Results
### T12/13

Competed 11 September 2016 at 23:32.
| Rank | Athlete | Country | Class | Time | Notes |
| | Abdellatif Baka | Algeria | T13 | 3:48.29 | WR |
| | Tamiru Demisse | Ethiopia | T13 | 3:48.49 | PB |
| | Henry Kirwa | Kenya | T12 | 3:49.59 | PB |
| 4 | Fouad Baka | Algeria | T13 | 3:49.84 | PB |
| 5 | Łukasz Wietecki | Poland | T13 | 3:54.20 | |
| 6 | Bilel Aloui | Tunisia | T13 | 3:54.61 | PB |
| 7 | Jaryd Clifford | Australia | T12 | 3:56.67 | |
| 8 | Youssef Benibrahim | Morocco | T13 | 3:56.80 | |
| 9 | Guillaume Ouellet | Canada | T13 | 3:57.98 | |
| 10 | Chaz Davis | United States | T12 | 3:58.28 | |
| 11 | Yeltsin Jacques | Brazil | T12 | 3:58.92 | |
| 12 | Julio Cesar Agripino dos Santos | Brazil | T12 | 4:00.61 | |
| 13 | Abdelillah Mame | Morocco | T13 | 4:08.93 | |
| 14 | Bilel Hammami | Tunisia | T13 | DQ | |
# Ndam language

Ndam, also known as Dam and Ndamm, is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in the southwestern Chadian prefectures of Tandjilé and Lai. Most of the speakers generally practice traditional religions, Islam, or Christianity. There are two dialects of Ndam—northern and southern, respectively—Ndam Dik, and Ndam-Ndam.
# Huntsman (surname)

Huntsman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* The Huntsman business and political family, a prominent family of American Latter-day Saint origin, namesakes of Huntsman Corporation
** Jon Huntsman Sr. (1937-2018), American businessman and philanthropist; founder and Chairman of Huntsman Corporation
** Jon Huntsman Jr. (born 1960), American diplomat and politician; Governor of Utah (2005-2009), U.S. ambassador to Singapore (1992-93), China (2009-12), and Russia (2017-19); candidate for the 2012 Republican presidential nomination; son of Jon Sr.
** Mary Kaye Huntsman (born 1961), American activist; wife of Jon Jr.
** Peter Huntsman (born 1963), American businessman; CEO of Huntsman Corporation; son of Jon Sr.
** Abby Huntsman (born 1986), American television personality; daughter of Jon Jr. and Mary Kaye
* Archibald Gowanlock Huntsman (1883-1973), Canadian scientist
* Benjamin Huntsman, 18th-century English inventor
* John A. Huntsman, decorated 19th-century American soldier
* Robert Huntsman (born 1955), American lawyer
# Hydrostatic bubbles

Hydrostatic bubbles, also known as philosophical bubbles, gravity beads, aerometrical beads and hydrometer beads, are a type of hydrometer invented in 1757 by Alexander Wilson of Glasgow. The design was subsequently improved and patented by the glassblower and instrument maker Isabella Lovi of Edinburgh in 1805. The instrument, which consists of a set of glass beads, seems to have been particular to Scotland and was only used (for example, in determining the density of spirits) until the early 19th century, when it was largely superseded by more accurate methods.

## Operating principle

In Lovi's version of the instrument, a set of hollow glass beads was created, each differing in density from the next by 0.002 units. When added to a liquid of unknown density, the beads that were more dense than the liquid sank, and those that were less dense than the liquid floated. The density of the liquid was indicated as falling between the density of the least dense bead that sank, and the most dense bead that floated.
The operating principle is similar to that of the Galilean thermometer.