OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Asimina rugelii

Asimina rugelii is a rare species of flowering plant in the custard apple family known by the common names Rugel's pawpaw, Rugel's false pawpaw, and yellow squirrel banana. It is endemic to Volusia County, Florida, in the United States, where there are fewer than 5000 plants remaining in severely fragmented habitat. The main threat to this species is habitat destruction and degradation. It was federally listed as an endangered species in 1986.
Formerly in the genus Deeringothamnus, the species has been moved back into Asimina after phylogenetic research. It can be differentiated from Asimina pulchella by the width, shape, and color of its petals. This species is a small shrub growing not more than half a meter tall from a taproot. The leathery leaf blades are somewhat oblong or lance-shaped and measure up to 7 centimeters in length. The inflorescence is a solitary flower nodding or held upright on a short peduncle. The lightly scented flowers have usually six fleshy yellow, cream, or purple petals that measure 2 or 3 centimeters long. The fragrance of the flowers has been described as "rubbery", and is caused by several compounds, including ethyl benzoate, trans-β-ocimene, limonene, and germacrene. Its pollen is shed as permanent tetrads. The fruit is a large yellow-green berry that may be up to 6 centimeters long. One flower may yield several fruits. The berry contains a few seeds each about a centimeter long or slightly larger. This plant sometimes hybridizes with its relative, Asimina pygmaea.
This plant occurs in slash pine woods on wet, sandy substrates among other plant species, including saw palmetto, fetterbush (Lyonia lucida), shiny blueberry (Vaccinium myrsinites), dwarf live oak (Quercus minima), and wiregrass (Aristida stricta). It is limited to Volusia County, where there are perhaps 23 occurrences remaining. Some of them are within the bounds of Tiger Bay State Forest The region becoming ever more urbanized and developed, with wild habitat claimed for residential, commercial, and agricultural purposes, including pine plantations and turfgrass farms. Remaining fragments of land in Volusia County are degraded by a number of processes, especially fire suppression. The habitat is naturally maintained by periodic wildfire, and this plant is fire-dependent. It requires fire to clear larger vegetation and brush away so it can receive adequate sunlight. It has also been demonstrated that fire increases the plant's flower production. Other threats to the habitat and its plants include exotic plant species such as Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum).
# 169th meridian west

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The meridian 169° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole, crossing a smaller amount of land than any other line of longitude, and is thus generally used as the cut-off point on a lot of map projections.
The 169th meridian west forms a great circle with the 11th meridian east.

## From Pole to Pole

Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 169th meridian west passes through:
    Co-ordinates Country, territory or sea Notes 90°0′N 169°0′W﻿ / ﻿90.000°N 169.000°W﻿ / 90.000; -169.000﻿ (Arctic Ocean) Arctic Ocean 71°50′N 169°0′W﻿ / ﻿71.833°N 169.000°W﻿ / 71.833; -169.000﻿ (Chukchi Sea) Chukchi Sea 66°33′N 169°0′W﻿ / ﻿66.550°N 169.000°W﻿ / 66.550; -169.000﻿ (Bering Sea) Bering Sea 65°49′N 169°0′W﻿ / ﻿65.817°N 169.000°W﻿ / 65.817; -169.000﻿ (Russia)  Russia Chukotka Autonomous Okrug — island of Big Diomede 65°48′N 169°0′W﻿ / ﻿65.800°N 169.000°W﻿ / 65.800; -169.000﻿ (Bering Sea) Bering Sea Passing just west of Little Diomede Island, Alaska, United States (at 65°45′N 168°56′W﻿ / ﻿65.750°N 168.933°W﻿ / 65.750; -168.933﻿ (Little Diomede)) 63°20′N 169°0′W﻿ / ﻿63.333°N 169.000°W﻿ / 63.333; -169.000﻿ (United States)  United States Alaska — St. Lawrence Island 63°10′N 169°0′W﻿ / ﻿63.167°N 169.000°W﻿ / 63.167; -169.000﻿ (Bering Sea) Bering Sea 52°52′N 169°0′W﻿ / ﻿52.867°N 169.000°W﻿ / 52.867; -169.000﻿ (United States)  United States Alaska — Umnak Island 52°51′N 169°0′W﻿ / ﻿52.850°N 169.000°W﻿ / 52.850; -169.000﻿ (Pacific Ocean) Pacific Ocean 60°0′S 169°0′W﻿ / ﻿60.000°S 169.000°W﻿ / -60.000; -169.000﻿ (Southern Ocean) Southern Ocean 78°28′S 169°0′W﻿ / ﻿78.467°S 169.000°W﻿ / -78.467; -169.000﻿ (Antarctica) Antarctica Ross Dependency, claimed by New Zealand
# HMS Camellia (K31)

HMS Camellia was a Flower-class corvette that served in the Royal Navy.
She was laid down on 14 November 1939, launched on 4 May 1940, and commissioned on 18 June 1940.

## Operational service

In January 1941 Camelia served as a rescue transport for five crewman of the merchant ship Ringhorn which had gone down in stormy weather. On 4 February 1941 Camellia and the destroyer Harvester picked up 121 survivors from HMS Crispin, sunk by U-107. On 7 March 1941, serving as escorts for convoy OB 293 escort south-east of Iceland, Camellia and her sister ship Arbutus sank the German submarine U-70.

## Fate

In 1948 she was sold for commercial service and renamed Hetty W Vinke.
# 1941 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship

The 1941 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 47th staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board.
On 13 December 1941, Carrickshock won the championship after a 4–05 to 3–07 defeat of Éire Óg in the final. It was their fourth championship title overall and their second title in succession.
# Bajagić

Bajagić may refer to:
* Bajagić, Croatia, a village near Sinj
* Momčilo Bajagić (born 1960), Serbian musician
# Metz (disambiguation)

Metz is a city in the northeast of France at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille rivers.
Metz may also refer to:

## Places
### United States

* Metz, California
* Metz, Indiana
* Metz, Iowa
* Metz, Missouri
* Metz, West Virginia
* Metz, Wisconsin
* Metz Township, Michigan

### Australia

* Metz, a former mining town now part of Hillgrove, New South Wales

### France

* Metz-le-Comte
* Metz-en-Couture
* Metz-Robert
* Metz-Tessy
* Pont-de-Metz

## Companies and businesses

* Metz & Co, an exclusive department store in Amsterdam, the Netherlands
* Metz (company), German electronics and photographic equipment maker
* Metz Company, American manufacturer of early automobiles
* Metz et Cie, steel company in Luxembourg that was incorporated into ARBED in 1911
* Metz Brewery, first brewery in the U.S. state of Nebraska

## Other uses

* Metz (surname)
* Metz family, a prominent historical political family in Luxembourg
* Metz Cathedral in Metz, France
* Diocese of Metz in Metz, France
* Metz Congress, 1979 meeting of the French Socialist Party
* FC Metz, or Football Club de Metz, a French football (soccer) team
* Metzenbaum scissors
* Metz (band), Canadian punk band
** Metz (album), a 2012 album by the band
# Al Farouk de Tombouctou

Al Farouk de Tombouctou is a football and basketball club based in the Malian city of Timbuktu.

## Football

Al Farouk were promoted for the first time to the Malian Premiere Division in September 2008, after winning the Division 2, group A tournament, based in their home city of Timbuktu. They had never previously played in the nation's top division, although they competed in the promotion championship in the 2003–2006 seasons.

### Achievements

* Malien second division: Group A champions (2008)

## Basketball

Al Farouk has also fielded successful men's and women's basketball teams, with their men's team being invited to the Top Eight Malian championship in 2008.
# Mervyn Conn

Mervyn Conn (born 5 February 1934) is a British music promoter and entrepreneur.

## Biography
### Early life and career

Conn born in 1934 started work in the fashion industry, but by the early 1960s, with the help of his cousin, the comedian Bernie Winters, he had begun running a club, Romano's, in Gerrard Street in Soho, London. He worked closely with agent Joe Collins (the father of Joan and Jackie Collins), and staged the first Beatles Christmas Shows in 1963.

## Management career

He then managed many of the major pop music touring shows in the UK, including those headlined by such bands and musicians as P.J. Proby, The Byrds, Johnny Cash, Billie Jo Spears, Chubby Checker, Marlene Dietrich, Sarah Vaughan, Chuck Berry, Peggy Lee, the Red Army Ensemble and many more. He also directed the Melody Maker Pop Shows held at Wembley Arena in the 1960s.
He then launched the annual International Festivals of Country Music held at the same venue between 1969 and 1991. The shows were later taken into Europe, and featured such stars as Johnny Cash, Dolly Parton, Tammy Wynette, Billie Jo Spears, and Jerry Lee Lewis.
More recently he has been responsible for major touring shows including Annie and Three Steps To Heaven.

## Personal life

In 1989, Conn was convicted of a serious sexual assault on his 19-year-old receptionist and was sentenced to eight weeks in prison. In July 2014, he was arrested at Gatwick airport in connection with an alleged historic rape and sexual assault.
In October 2016 Mervyn Conn, then 82, was convicted of historic offences of 2 rapes and 1 sexual assault, and was sentenced to 15 years imprisonment with a minimum of 7 years before parole can be considered

## Memoirs

In 2010 Conn published an autobiography, Mr Music Man: My Life in Showbiz.
# Ajahn Thoon Khippapañño

Venerable Acariya Thoon Khippapanyo (พระอาจารย์ทูล ขิปฺปปญโญ; May 20, 1935 – November 11, 2008), also known as "Luang Por Thoon", was born Thoon Nonruecha on Monday May 20, 1935, in the Chaiyawan District of Udon Thani. Venerable Acariya Thoon Khippapanyo was ordained at the age of 27 on July 27, 1961 with Acariya Dhammachedi (Joom Pantulo) as his preceptor.
In 1985, Venerable Acariya Thoon Khippapanyo built and established Wat Pa Ban Koh in Udon Thani, Thailand. In 2001, a majestic pagoda at Wat Pa Ban Koh was completed.
In 2002, Venerable Acariya Thoon Khippapanyo founded San Fran Dhammaram Temple in San Francisco.
On November 11, 2008, Venerable Acariya Thoon died from pneumonia complications and a lung tumor. His cremation ceremony was held January 31-February 2, 2009. Venerable Acariya Thoon was believed to be one of the rare arahant monks of our time by his followers.
Venerable Acariya Thoon Khippapanyo is known for his emphasis on wisdom and Sammaditthi (right view), the first step in the Noble Eightfold Path. During his lifetime, he gave many dhamma talks and wrote some notable letters to his followers. Venerable Acariya Thoon Khippapanyo authored an autobiography and over 20 texts, three of which have been translated into English.
# Metreveli

Metreveli (Georgian: მეტრეველი) is a Georgian surname. Notable people include:
* Aleksandre Metreveli, Georgian tennis player
* Alex Metreveli, Georgian tennis player
* Roin Metreveli, Georgian historian, first elected rector of the Tbilisi State University
* Shota and Margarita Metreveli, Georgian artists
* Slava Metreveli, Soviet-Georgian footballer
# Alabama Library Association

The Alabama Library Association (ALLA) is a professional organization for Alabama's librarians and library workers. It is headquartered in Montgomery, Alabama. It was founded on November 21, 1904, in Montgomery. Thomas Owen, director of the Alabama Department of Archives, was the association's first President from 1904 through 1920.
Before the 1960s, ALLA was only open to White members. ALLA members attempted to allow Black membership between 1949 and 1953. ALLA executive council unanimously supported the idea, and created a Biracial Committee with ten Black librarians and six White ALA members. During this time of study, several Black librarians paid dues to join ALLA which were refunded when ALLA could not offer them "full membership privileges." The Biracial Committee was disbanded after three years when they could not come to an agreement on how to integrate the association and also work within the state segregation laws of the time.
ALLA lost their ALA State Chapter status when they refused to admit Black members. ALLA council passed a motion stating "it is the intent and will of this Executive Council... (just as soon as local, municipal, and state ordinances permit) to give full consideration to the acceptance of qualified librarians, of whatever race, to membership in this association." The association withdrew from chapter status since it could not comply with chapter requirements" After the Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed segregation, ALLA council passed an official resolution barring screening of membership applications based on race on December 4, 1964. ALLA held its first desegregated meeting in the Spring of 1965.
The organization maintains an Alabama Authors database, and holds an annual convention at rotating locations throughout the state.

## Divisions

The Alabama Library Association has three divisions.
* College, University and Special Libraries (CUS)
* Public Library (PLD)
* Youth Services and School Library (YSSLD)
# Gurgel (surname)

Gurgel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Fábio Gurgel (born 1970), Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioner
* João do Amaral Gurgel (1926–2009), Brazilian businessman
* Jorge Gurgel (born 1977), Brazilian mixed martial artist
* Melissa Gurgel (born 1994), Brazilian designer, model and beauty pageant titleholder
* Newton Holanda Gurgel (1923–2017), Brazilian Roman Catholic prelate
* Roberto Gurgel (born 1954), Brazilian prosecutor
* Udo Gurgel (born 1938), German engineer and designer of luge, bobsled and skeleton tracks
* Zoila Frausto Gurgel (born 1983), American professional female mixed martial artist and kickboxer
# Gurgaon Rural

Gurgaon Rural is a census town in Gurgaon district in the Indian state of Haryana.

## Demographics

As of 2011 India census, Gurgaon Rural had a population of 17,100+. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Gurgaon Rural has an average literacy rate of 80.03%, higher than the national average of 74.04%. The place is Under development by Haryana government.
# Gurgaon queer pride

The first Pride March in Gurgaon, India was hosted on 25 June 2016, at Sector -29 Leisure Valley. It was created in order to fill the vacuum of spaces that are queer friendly and pave way to creating a culture of LGBTQIA+ community meets and open dialogue. The LGBTQ community all around the world is under constant threat of abuse, discrimination and even criminalization. Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code considers homosexuality as unnatural or against the order of nature.
‘Gurgaon is home to many multinational companies which have been taking from the city without contributing to it in any way, this city has a fast pace and exclusive space for certain strata of the society and the stark reality of two sides of development is visible.’
The parade was backed by the organizers of the Delhi Queer Pride Parade, but the initiative of hosting it in Gurgaon was of Puja Bajad, who works for an international NGO and is a professional in the development sector. The parade was hosted also to show solidarity to the victims of the attack that took place on 12 June 2016, where at a nightclub in Orlando, Florida a single gunman killed 49 people at Pulse club and injured 53 others. Besides mourning for the victims of the shooting and their friends and family, the pride march also included an agenda of celebrating the LGBT Pride Month (June).
The event had specific demand for repealing section 377 of the Indian Penal Code that was brought by the British colonial rule and freedom from discrimination on account of sexual orientation in order to ensure social justice and create truly inclusive environment. It had a slogan “Ab Gurgaon Door Nahi” announcing the step the city has taken. The event started with reading of the Pride statement followed by open mic and music and dance performances along with the candlelight vigil in solidarity with victims of the shootings at Orlando and Mexico.
# Metulji botnet

The Metulji botnet, discovered in June 2011, is a botnet mainly involved in cyberscamming and denial of service attacks. Before the botnet itself was dismantled, it consisted of over 12 million individual zombie computers infected with the "Butterfly Bot", making it, as of June 2011, the largest known botnet.
It is not known what type of computers are vulnerable, or how to tell if a computer is a part of this botnet.
# Arithmetices principia, nova methodo exposita

The 1889 treatise Arithmetices principia, nova methodo exposita (The principles of arithmetic, presented by a new method) by Giuseppe Peano is widely considered to be a seminal document in mathematical logic and set theory, introducing what is now the standard axiomatization of the natural numbers, and known as the Peano axioms, as well as some pervasive notations, such as the symbols for the basic set operations ∈, ⊂, ∩, ∪, and A−B.
The treatise is written in Latin, which was already somewhat unusual at the time of publication, Latin having fallen out of favour as the lingua franca of scholarly communications by the end of the 19th century. The use of Latin in spite of this reflected Peano's belief in the universal importance of the work – which is now generally regarded as his most important contribution to arithmetic – and in that of universal communication. Peano later published works both in Latin and in his own artificial language, Latino sine flexione, which is a grammatically simplified version of Latin.
Peano also continued to publish mathematical notations in a series from 1895 to 1908 collectively known as Formulario mathematico.
# Guy Sacre

Guy Sacre (born 1948) is a French composer, pianist and musical critic.

## Biography

He is best known for writing La Musique de piano, a critical census of a large part of the piano repertoire, dealing with some 4,000 works by 272 composers.
In his compositions, Guy Sacre tries to reconnect with the French musical tradition: he is the author of Vingt-Quatre préludes and Mélodies after poems by Paul Verlaine, Jean Cocteau and Guillaume Apollinaire.
With Billy Eidi he created the association "Contrechants" intended to rediscover an unknown repertoire ("Piano au Palais-Royal" concerts from 1991 to 1995, in collaboration with the Bibliothèque nationale).
Guy Sacre is also author of radio broadcasts (Radio Suisse Romande) and conferences centered on themes of musical and literary aesthetics, such as "la musique et les éléments", "Vigny et le silence", "Apollinaire poète du souvenir", and the "masques et bergamasques" which gather Fauré and Debussy around Verlaine and Watteau.

## Critical works

* La Musique de piano, Paris, éditions Robert Laffont, series "Bouquins" (2 volumes), 1998

## Compositions

Non-exhaustive list (to be completed)

### Works for piano

* 1982: Thème varié
* 1979: Piccolissima-Sérénade
* 1981–1982 : Deuxième Sérénade
* 1989: Variations sur une mazurka de Chopin
* 1993: 24 Préludes
* Chansons enfantines

### Vocal music

* 1976: Cartes postales (on 4 poems by Jean Cocteau)
* 1980–1982: Clair-Obscur for baritone and piano (on 4 poems by Jean Cocteau)
* 1982: L'Exécution for baritone and piano (on 1 poem by Jean Cocteau)
* 1978–1982: Six poèmes de "Vocabulaire" for voice and piano (on 6 poems by Jean Cocteau)
* 1986–1990: "L'Album de Poil de Carotte" for voice and piano (on 9 texts by Jules Renard)
* Cinq Poésies de Georges Schehadé
* Cinq Poèmes de Guillaume Apollinaire
* Sept Phrases pour Éventails
* Six Nouveaux Éventails
* Trois Poèmes de Verlaine
* Trois Poèmes de Robert Desnos
* Quatre Exemples tirés des "Nécessités de la vie"
* Trois Poésies de Georges Schehadé
* Mauvais Cœur

## Discography

* Mélodies and Mélodies - 2, performed by Jean-François Gardeil, Florence Katz and Billy Eidi on the Timpani label.
* Œuvres pour piano and Œuvres pour piano - 2, performed by Billy Eidi on the same label.
# Guy Rétoré

Guy Rétoré (7 April 1924 – 15 December 2018) was a French director.

## Biography

In 1951, Rétoré created la Guilde, a French amateur theatre company. He later moved downtown into the Patronage Saint Pierre. Rétoré would rename it Théâtre de Ménilmontant. He would stay there for three years. Rétoré got la Guilde recognized as a permanent troupe, and moved it into théâtre de l'Est parisien in 1963. He became the next leader of the theatre.
In July 2001, Rétoré retired as director of théâtre de l'Est parisien, although there was a controversy over his replacement. After Jean-Paul Devois was a placeholder, Catherine Anne became the next director of the theatre.

## Works
### Theatre

* Coquin de coq by Sean O'Casey (1975)

### Movies

* Section spéciale by Costa-Gavras

### Television

* Mourir pour Copernic by Bernard Sobel
# Arkaia

Arkaia (occasionally spelled in Spanish as Arcaya) is a hamlet on the eastern side of Vitoria in the Basque province of Álava. In 2017 it had 78 inhabitants.

## History
### Roman remains

There are archeological remains of a Roman bathhouse that were discovered in the 18th century by Lorenzo Prestamero. Only a fraction of the Roman settlement remains, which covered an estimated 19 hectares of land. In 1976 the archaeologist Ramón Loza Lengaran dug the bathhouse remains and categorized them as likely for public use. Recent digs have indicated that the area was inhabited at least from 300 BC onwards. The Roman remains have been linked with the town of Suessatio-Suestatio that appears in classic sources. The proximity to the Roman road linking Asturica Augusta with Burdigala known as Ab Asturica Burdigalam could explain the size of the settlement. During the Middle Ages pilgrims from Europe started using the old Roman road in their pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela as part of the Interior Basque Route of the Way of St. James. There is evidence of the pilgrimage in the interior of the Church of the Nativity of Mary (first documented in 1226) in the center of town.

## The Arcaya Family

The Arcaya family hails from this place, going back as far as the battle of Padura of Arrigorriaga in 848 in which Andres de Arcaya fought. Diego de Arcaya is another member of this family who served under James I of Aragon who returned later to settle in the town of Lekeitio, Biscay. The current Arcaya Family House was built in 1132.
The first Arcaya who emigrated to the Americas was Melchor de Arcaya, who arrived in Chile in 1630, settling in Colina, Chile. The Arcayas were large landowners in Chile, mainly in the Santiago area and the surname was common in the neighborhood of Vitacura and the nearby towns of Pirque and Colina.
The most prominent Arcaya is Francisco Diaz de Arcaya, son of Pedro Diaz de Arcaya, who took the name of Francisco de Vitoria when he became a friar.

## Population

In 2017, Arkaia's population was 78. This was a decrease from ten years earlier, when it had 88 inhabitants.