# Pikeville Cut-Through

The Pikeville Cut-Through is a rock cut in Pikeville, Kentucky, United States, created by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, through which passes a four-lane divided highway (Corridor B, numbered as U.S. Route 23 (US 23), US 119, US 460, and KY 80), a railroad line (CSX' Big Sandy Subdivision), and the Levisa Fork of the Big Sandy River. It is one of the largest civil engineering projects in the Western Hemisphere. Nearly 18,000,000 cubic yards (14,000,000 m$^3$) of soil and rock were moved, making the Pikeville Cut-Through second only to the Panama Canal (240,000,000 cubic yards (180,000,000 m$^3$)) when ranking the hemisphere's largest earth-moving projects. Dr. William Hambley, who served as mayor of Pikeville for 29 years, Robert H. Holcomb, Chamber of Commerce president, and Henry Stratton, local attorney, spearheaded the project.
The Pikeville Cut-Through is 1,300 feet (400 m) wide, 3,700 feet (1.1 km) long, and 523 feet (159 m) deep. The project was completed in 1987 following 14 years of work at a cost of $77.6 million ($208 million in 2023 dollars).

## Purpose

The project was initially envisioned by Pikeville native Dr. William Hambley in 1960. He wanted to relocate the railbed because he wanted to eliminate the dust that came from the coal hauling trains that passed through the city daily. In 1963, Pikeville received a $38,000 federal grant for a railroad relocation feasibility study and was named a Model City by the recently formed Model Cities Agency, generating even more funding. By 1965, his plan had further developed to accommodate Corridor B of the Appalachian Development Highway System, assuring the construction of the Pikeville Cut-Through.
It was also decided to relocate the Levisa Fork of the Big Sandy River, which then snaked through the downtown area, to eliminate almost-yearly flooding. The river bed then was to be reclaimed, significantly increasing the available space for development within the city.

## Construction

The project was constructed in four phases by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers between November 26, 1973, and October 2, 1987.
Phase I of construction began on November 26, 1973. By the end of Phase I, nearly 13,000,000 cubic yards (9,900,000 m$^3$) of rock were blasted from Peach Orchard Mountain to create a channel for the road, railroad, and river. The cost of Phase I at completion was $17,250,000.
Phase II of construction began on March 4, 1980. During this phase the coal tipples and railroad tracks were removed from downtown Pikeville, a bridge was constructed across the cut, the river was rerouted, and the former riverbed filled. 5,000,000 cubic yards (3,800,000 m$^3$) of soil was moved to create 240 acres (0.97 km$^2$) of available land in downtown at a cost of $22,200,000.
Phase III and IV of the construction began on March 15, 1983. The final stages consisted of: the construction of the downtown interchanges and flood walls, another new bridge, and the construction of Hambley Boulevard atop the former railbed – a lasting tribute to William Hambley. These two phases created an additional 150 acres (0.61 km$^2$) of downtown property at a cost of $19,700,000.
The project was dedicated on October 2, 1987.