OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1982 in philosophy

1982 in philosophy

## Publications

* J. L. Mackie, The Miracle of Theism: Arguments for and against the Existence of God (1982)
* Carol Gilligan, In a Different Voice (1982)
* Tzvetan Todorov, The Conquest of America: The Question of the Other (1982)
* Michael Sandel, Liberalism and the Limits of Justice (1982)

## Births

* September 24th - Neil McDonnell,Scottish philosopher
* September 25th - Jennifer Corns, Glasgow-based philosopher working on pain.

## Deaths

* February 21 - Gershom Scholem (born 1897)
* March 2 - Philip K. Dick (born 1928)
* March 6 - Ayn Rand (born 1905)
* June 26 - Alexander Mitscherlich (born 1908)
* October 9 - Anna Freud (born 1895)
* November 19 - Erving Goffman (born 1922)
# Arthur J. Aasland

Arthur Johannes Aasland (22 April 1934 – 17 February 2016) was a Norwegian businessperson.
He grew up in Luksefjell, and took his education at the Norwegian Military Academy. After serving in the armed forces, and reaching the rank of major, he was hired in the company Ing. F. Selmer in 1963. He became director of personnel here in 1967, before working as chief executive of Kongsberg Våpenfabrikk from 1975 to 1978 and Løvenskiold Vækerø from 1979 to 1985. He then ran his own consulting firm Aasland Management, and through that served on the board of 40 companies.
# Big Ridge

Big Ridge may refer to:
* Big Ridge, Missouri, a community
* Big Ridge, Nova Scotia, a community
* Big Ridge State Park, a state park in Tennessee
# Big Ric

Big Ric was a short-lived rock and power pop band from Los Angeles, California. The band was formed in 1982 by lead singer Joel Porter. Keyboardist Kevin DiSimone previously did work on some of Barry Manilow's albums such as co-writing the song "Stay" from Manilow's album Here Comes the Night. Guitarist John Pondel also worked with Manilow as he played guitar on Manilow's album If I Should Love Again. The band released one self-titled album in 1983. A single from the album, "Take Away", charted at number 91 on the Billboard Hot 100 in late 1983. The band additionally released two more singles, "Diana" and "How Does She Do It", the latter of which was released as a promotional single. "Take Away" was accompanied by a nighttime restaurant and telephone call spy and espionage mystery themed music video (along with scenes of the band playing in some sort of house on a small stage) which received play on MTV and later MTV2.

## Charts

List of singles, with selected chart positions :
| Year | Title | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Year | Title | US | Album |
| 1983 | "Take Away" | 91 | Big Ric |
| 1983 | "Diana" | - | non album single |
| 1983 | "How Does She Do It" | - | Big Ric |
# National Spiritual Mobilization Movement

The National Spiritual Mobilization Movement (国民精神総動員運動, Kokumin Seishin Sōdōin Undō) was an organization established in the Empire of Japan as part of the controls on civilian organizations under the National General Mobilization Law by Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoe.
Representatives from 74 nationalist organizations were assembled at the Prime Minister's residence in October 1937, and were told that their organizations were now part of the "Central League of the Spiritual Mobilization Movement", headed by Admiral Ryokitsu Arima and under the joint supervision of the Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Education. The purpose of the Movement would be to rally the nation for a total war effort against China in the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Konoe later ordered another 19 nationalist organizations to join the League. This movement and other policies were part of "New Order" (Shintaisei) which was promulgated on 3 November 1938, a holiday marking emperor Meiji's birthday.
Apart from public calls for increased patriotism, the National Spiritual Mobilization Movement spanned some concrete programs like Boosting Production service to the Nation, Increasing Crops Service to the Nation and Student Volunteers Corps Service to the Nation. It was moreover part of a general move made by the Shōwa regime to closely control the information which had begun in 1936 with the establishment of the Cabinet Information Committee which launched two official magazines: the Shūhō (Weekly Report) in November 1936 and the Shashin Shūhō (Photographic Weekly Report). The purpose of these was "to ensure that the content and purport of the policies inaugurated by the Government are widely disseminated to the general citizenry and correctly understood by them".
Konoe's successor, Prime Minister Hiranuma Kiichirō, turned the movement over to General Sadao Araki in January 1939, who revitalized it by having it sponsor public rallies, radio programs, printed propaganda and discussion seminars at tonarigumi neighborhood associations. Famous public figures were recruited to provide lectures on the virtues of thrift, hygiene and hard work, and to disseminate a sense of national pride in the Japanese kokutai.
The League was abolished on 20 December 1945 by the American occupation authorities after the surrender of Japan.
# National Sporting Club

The National Sporting Club was a club founded in London in 1891, which did more to establish the sport of boxing in Great Britain than any other organisation.

## Origins

The club was founded on 5 March 1891 as a private club. Its premises were at 43 King Street, Covent Garden, London. The founders were John Fleming and A.F. "Peggy" Bettinson, and Hugh Lowther, 5th Earl of Lonsdale was its first president. The Marquess of Queensberry was also involved and first introduced the world renowned "Queensberry Rules" to boxing through The National Sporting Club.
The club was run under very strict rules regarding both the boxers and the members. Bouts would take place after dinner, before about 1,300 members and guests. The bouts would be fought in silence as no talking was permitted during the rounds. The club built up a great tradition of sportsmanship and fair play and predominately ran boxing Uk and throughout the world.
In 1909, the club's president introduced the Lonsdale Belt as a prize to be awarded to the British champion at each weight. The belts were made from porcelain and twenty-two carat gold.

## Changes

In the 1920s boxing became a sport with mass appeal. Boxers could appear at large venues and earn more money than at the N.S.C. As a result, the club was forced to open its doors to the public in October 1928. However, in 1929, it was forced to close its premises in Covent Garden and move for a while to The Stadium Club, Holborn before finally moving to 21 Soho Square in January 1930.
In 1930 to try to revive the club's fortunes, and there were ambitious plans to build new headquarters but these came to nothing. In 1936, an enthusiast, John Harding, set up a new committee, which took over the Empress Hall and put on boxing shows there.
In 1938 the club moved to the Hotel Splendide, Piccadilly, but the war came and the club closed temporarily.
In 1929, a new organisation, the British Boxing Board of Control, was formed to control the sport. Most of the board of the new organisation were senior members of the N.S.C. The N.S.C. was given a permanent seat on the new Board of Control and retained this privilege until 1937. After this time it became regarded as a promoter of boxing contests.

## Return

In 1947 the NSC restarted and took over the Empress Club in Berkeley Street to 1951. In 1951 the club moved to the Café Royal, Regent Street. In 1982 the club moved to Grosvenor House, Park Lane, but has since moved back to the Café Royal where it held sporting events until its recent closure. The NSC is in the process of returning to its roots in the form of a members club and will continue to support its members for their hospitality needs, sporting lunches and dinners.

## British Sports Book Awards

Since 2003, the club has hosted a multi-category sports book literary award now known as the British Sports Book Awards.

## Sources

* Maurice Golesworthy, Encyclopaedia of Boxing (Eighth Edition) (1988), Robert Hale Limited, ISBN 0-7090-3323-0
51°30′44″N 0°07′26″W﻿ / ﻿51.5121°N 0.1239°W﻿ / 51.5121; -0.1239
# Hudiksvalls Tidning

Hudiksvalls Tidning is a Swedish local newspaper published in Hudiksvall, Sweden. It has been in circulation since 1909.

## History and profile

Hudiksvalls Tidning was founded in 1909. The paper is based in Hudiksvall. It is close to the Center Party. In 1999 the paper was partially acquired by the Centertidningar AB which was sold to VLT AB in 2005. The paper was published in tabloid format, but later it switched to Berliner format.
In 1998 Hudiksvalls Tidning sold 17,600 copies.
# Arthur Procter

Arthur Procter may refer to:
* Arthur Herbert Procter (1890–1973), English recipient of the Victoria Cross
* Arthur Thomas Procter (1886–1964), lawyer, judge and politician in Saskatchewan, Canada
# Bikram Singh Jaryal

Bikram Singh Jaryal (born 14 May 1961) is a political leader associated with Bhartiya Janta Party. He served as the Member of Legislative Assembly representing Bhattiyat Constituency in Chamba District in Himachal Pradesh and Chief Whip of Himachal Pradesh Government.
# National Sun Party

The National Sun Party (Indonesian: Partai Matahari Bangsa) was a political party in Indonesia. The party contested only in the 2009 elections.
The party was established by activists from the National Mandate Party (PAN) who were frustrated at the way their path to the leadership was blocked by the older generation. The party was founded by members of the Muhammadiyah, and some senior party members still belong to the organization, as do 75% of party members. The party hopes that younger people will assume leadership of Indonesia in 2014.
The party contested in 2019 elections with 30 parliamentary seats target. However, it won only 0.4 percent of the vote, less than the 2.5 percent electoral threshold, meaning it was awarded no seats in the People's Representative Council.
The party was known to be extinct by 2014. Party chairman Addaruqutni later joined a new minor party, Small and Medium Enterprises Party (UKM Party), and serving in the party's Advisory Council in 2021.

## Regional strength

In the legislative election held on 9 April 2009, support for the PMB was higher than the party's national average in the following provinces:
* Aceh 0.4%
* North Sumatra 0.8%
* West Sumatra 1.2%
* Bengkulu 1.2%
* Riau 0.8%
* Riau Islands 0.6%
* Jambi 1.1%
* South Sumatra 0.4%
* Banten 0.4%
* Central Kalimantan 0.5%
* South Kalimantan 0.6%
* West Nusa Tenggara 0.8%
* East Nusa Tenggara 0.6%
* West Sulawesi 0.4%
* Central Sulawesi 0.7%
* South East Sulawesi 0.6%
* Maluku 0.4%
* North Maluku 1.1%
* West Papua 1.3%
# Hugh White State Park

Hugh White State Park is a public recreation area in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The state park is located off Mississippi Highway 8, five miles (8.0 km) east of Grenada. It is named after Hugh L. White, a former governor of Mississippi.

## Activities and amenities

The park features boating, waterskiing and fishing on 64,000-acre (26,000 ha) Grenada Lake, 158 developed campsites, 12 duplex cabins, visitors center, picnic area, and an 18-hole regulation golf course, The Dogwoods.
# Hugh Whitehead (scientist)

Hugh Robinson Whitehead OBE (11 November 1899 – 13 March 1983) was a New Zealand biochemist, microbiologist and scientific administrator. He was born in Leeds, Yorkshire, England, in 1899. He was the director of the Dairy Research Institute in Palmerston North, which is now the Fonterra Research and Development Centre.

## Career

Between 1933 and 1935, Whitehead and his colleagues identified a bacteriophage as the cause of failure in cheese starter isolates, which had significant, positive commercial outcomes for the New Zealand dairy industry.

## Awards

In the 1964 Queen's Birthday Honours, Whitehead was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire.
# Hugh White

Hugh White is the name of:
* Hugh White, British soldier involved in the Boston Massacre
* Hugh L. White (1881–1965), Governor of Mississippi
* Hugh Lawson White (1773–1840), U.S. Senator from Tennessee
* Hugh White (New York politician) (1798–1870), U.S. Representative from New York
** Hugh White (judge) (1733–1812), grandfather of Hugh White and founder and namesake of Whitestown, New York
* Hugh Edward White (1869–1939), architect in North Carolina
* Hugh White (American football) (1876–1936), American football player and CEO of George A Fuller Company
* Hugh White State Park, Mississippi, named after Hugh L. White
* Hugh White (RAF officer) (1898–1983), World War I flying ace
* Hugh White (strategist) (born 1953), Australian defence strategist
# Imperial Japanese Naval Academy

The Imperial Japanese Naval College (海軍兵学校, Kaigun Heigakkō, Short form: 海兵 Kaihei) was a school established to train line officers for the Imperial Japanese Navy. It was originally located in Nagasaki, moved to Yokohama in 1866, and was relocated to Tsukiji, Tokyo, in 1869. It moved to Etajima, Hiroshima, in 1888. Students studied for three or four years, and upon graduation were ordered (warranted) as Midshipmen, commissioned to the rank of Ensign/Acting Sub-Lieutenant after a period of active duty and an overseas cruise. In 1943, a separate school for naval aviation was opened in Iwakuni, and in 1944, another naval aviation school was established in Maizuru. The academy was closed in 1945, when the Imperial Japanese Navy was abolished. The Naval Academy Etajima opened in 1956 and the site now serves as the location for Officer Candidate School of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.
# Botbot

Botbot may refer to:
* Botbot, a barangay in the municipality of Hamtic, Antique province, Philippines
* Botbot, a barangay in the municipality of Pandan, Antique province, Philippines
* A dialect of Mbore language
* The robots in the animated series Transformers: BotBots
# Nigel Williams (footballer)

Nigel John Williams (born 29 July 1954) is an English former professional footballer who played as a right-back or midfielder. He played for Wolverhampton Wanderers and Gillingham between 1974 and 1979.
# Nazirpur (disambiguation)

Nazirpur is a village in Nadia district, West Bengal, India.
Nazirpur may also refer to:
* Nazirpur Upazila, an upazila in Pirojpur District, Barisal Division, Bangladesh
* Nazirpur, Malda, a census town in Malda district, West Bengal, India
# Nazirpur

Nazirpur is a Census Town in the Tehatta I CD block in the Tehatta subdivision of the Nadia district in the State of West Bengal, India. It is situated beside the Bangladesh India Border.

## Geography
### Location

Nazirpur is located at 23°52′06″N 88°32′19″E﻿ / ﻿23.8684°N 88.5386°E﻿ / 23.8684; 88.5386.

### Area overview

Nadia district is mostly alluvial plains lying to the east of Hooghly River, locally known as Bhagirathi. The alluvial plains are cut across by such distributaries as Jalangi, Churni and Ichhamati. With these rivers getting silted up, floods are a recurring feature. The Tehatta subdivision, presented in the map alongside, is topographically part of the Nadia Plain North. The Jalangi River forms the district/ subdivision border in the north-western part and then flows through the subdivision. The other important rivers are Mathabhanga and Bhairab. The eastern portion forms the boundary with Bangladesh. The subdivision is overwhelmingly rural. 97.15% of the population lives in the rural areas and 2.85% lives in the urban areas.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map. All the four subdivisions are presented with maps on the same scale – the size of the maps vary as per the area of the subdivision.

## Demography

According to the 2011 Census report Nazirpur has population of 3807 of which 1936 are males while 1871 are females. In Nazirpur, population of children with age 0-6 is 412 which is 10.82% of total population and the sex ratio of Nazirpur is 966 which is higher than West Bengal state average. Nazirpur is under low literacy rate compared to the state of West Bengal. In 2011, literacy rate of Nazirpur was 74.14%.

## Transport

State Highway 11 passes through Nazirpur. Frequent Bus services are available from Nazirpur to district headquarter Krishnanagar and other places like Karimpur, Berhampore, Kolkata, Santragachi, Bardhaman, plassey, Bangaon and Digha.

## Education

There are a Higher Secondary School named Nazirpur Vidyapith (H.S.), a Girls' High School named Nazirpur Sarada Balika Vidyalaya (H.S.) and few primary schools in the village. Nearest general degree college, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar College is situated at Betai. Nazirpur Teachers Training College, a B.Ed college was established in Kanaikhali village, near Nazirpur.

## Healthcare

Nazirpur Block Primary Health Centre, with 10 beds at Nazirpur, is the major government medical facility in the Tehatta I CD block.
# Astralium pileolum

Astralium pileolum, common name the cap trochis shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 28 mm and 65 mm. The shell resembles the shell of Bellastraea squamifera (Iredale, 1924), with some differences. The shell is grayish white. The sculpture is obsolete above and nearly so below. The keel is very broad and thin.

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off the Northern Territory, Queensland and Western Australia.
# Atriplex serenana

Atriplex serenana is a species of saltbush known by the common names bractscale and stinking orach. It is native to California and Baja California, where it grows in saline and alkaline soils such as those on alkali flats and beach bluffs.
This is a mat-forming annual herb producing scaly stems up to a meter long. The toothed leaves are 1 to 4 centimeters long. The flowers are generally borne in hard clusters along the stem and there is sometimes a spikelike inflorescence of male flowers at the end of the stem.
There are two varieties of this species.
# 1990 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Women's high jump

The women's high jump event at the 1990 World Junior Championships in Athletics was held in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, at Deveti Septemvri Stadium on 9 and 10 August.

## Medalists

| Gold | Svetlana Lavrova Soviet Union |
| Silver | Katja Kilpi Finland |
| Bronze | Lea Haggett United Kingdom |

## Results
### Final

10 August
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Result |
| | Svetlana Lavrova | Soviet Union | 1.91 |
| | Katja Kilpi | Finland | 1.88 |
| | Lea Haggett | United Kingdom | 1.88 |
| 4 | Ioamnet Quintero | Cuba | 1.85 |
| 5 | Hajnalka Véghová | Czechoslovakia | 1.85 |
| 6 | Erzsebet Fazekas | Hungary | 1.81 |
| 6 | Šárka Nováková | Czechoslovakia | 1.81 |
| 8 | Desislava Angelova | Bulgaria | 1.81 |
| 8 | Antonella Bevilacqua | Italy | 1.81 |
| 10 | Andrea Hughes | Australia | 1.81 |
| 11 | Tanya Hughes | United States | 1.81 |
| 12 | Tatyana Bakhareva | Soviet Union | 1.73 |

### Qualifications

9 Aug

#### Group A

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Result | Notes |
| 1 | Lea Haggett | United Kingdom | 1.80 | q |
| 1 | Hajnalka Véghová | Czechoslovakia | 1.80 | q |
| 1 | Svetlana Lavrova | Soviet Union | 1.80 | q |
| 1 | Tanya Hughes | United States | 1.80 | q |
| 5 | Tatyana Bakhareva | Soviet Union | 1.80 | q |
| 6 | Antonella Bevilacqua | Italy | 1.80 | q |
| 7 | Andrea Hughes | Australia | 1.80 | q |
| 8 | Desislava Angelova | Bulgaria | 1.80 | q |
| 8 | Ioamnet Quintero | Cuba | 1.80 | q |
| 8 | Katja Kilpi | Finland | 1.80 | q |
| 8 | Šárka Nováková | Czechoslovakia | 1.80 | q |
| 12 | Erzsebet Fazekas | Hungary | 1.80 | q |
| 13 | Zhao Yangwu | China | 1.75 | |
| 14 | Debora Locatelli | Italy | 1.75 | |
| 15 | Reeta Laaksonen | Finland | 1.75 | |
| 15 | Nathalie Lefèbvre | France | 1.75 | |
| 15 | Nkechi Madubuko | West Germany | 1.75 | |
| 15 | Diane Guthrie | Jamaica | 1.75 | |
| 19 | Oana Musunoiu | Romania | 1.70 | |
| 19 | Michelle Choppa | United States | 1.70 | |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 20 athletes from 15 countries participated in the event.
* Australia (1)
* Bulgaria (1)
* China (1)
* Cuba (1)
* Czechoslovakia (2)
* Finland (2)
* France (1)
* Hungary (1)
* Italy (2)
* Jamaica (1)
* Romania (1)
* Soviet Union (2)
* United Kingdom (1)
* United States (2)
* West Germany (1)
# Neagra Broștenilor

The Neagra Broștenilor (also: Neagra) is a right tributary of the river Bistrița in Romania. It discharges into the Bistrița in the village Neagra, near Broșteni. Its length is 42 km (26 mi) and its basin size is about 350 km$^2$ (140 sq mi).
# Atromitos Achaea F.C.

Atromitos Achaea F.C. is a Greek football club, based in Patras, Achaea.
The club was founded in 1964. They will play in Football League 2 for the season 2013–14.

## History

Established as Atromitos Lappa F.C. and had a significant presence, especially in the 1970s at regional Achaean league. Started from the third regional Achaean league reached for the first time first regional Achaean league at the period 1969–1970. It played until 1973 to participate once again in 1977 until 1986, returned again in 1990–91 season without success and again in 1993-94 until 1996–97 season.
The 2005-06 became Achaean Champions. Participate in Delta Ethniki during the periods 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2011–12 and 2012–13 .
The season 2012-13 finished 2nd at the 6th Group Of Delta Ethniki and will play in Football League 2 for the season 2013–14. Also the name of the club changed from Atromitos Lappa F.C. to Atromitos Achaea F.C. and the transferred from Lappa to Patras

## Honors
### Domestic Titles and honors

** Achaea Champions: 1
*** 2005–06
** Achaea Cup Winners: 2
*** 2009–10, 2012–13
* This article about a Greek football club is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Hypostome

In zoology, the hypostome can refer to structures in distinct animal groups:
* Hypostome (trilobite), the ventral mouthpart plate in trilobites
* Hypostome (tick), the barbed attachment structure associated with the mouthparts of parasitic arachnids
* Hypostome (cnidarian), the oral tip surrounded by tentacles in hydrozoan cnidarians
# Hypostome (tick)

The hypostome (also called the maxilla, radula, or labium) is a calcified harpoon-like structure near the mouth area of certain parasitic arthropods including ticks, that allows them to anchor themselves firmly in place on a host vertebrate while sucking blood. The hypostome being present in almost all tick families suggests that hematophagy is the ancestral condition, as is the fact that life stages that do not feed on blood lack the organ.
Some ticks of the Ixodidae family (hard ticks) secrete a cement to strengthen the attachment.