OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hydrostatic head

When generating hydropower, the head is the distance that a given water source has to fall before the point where power is generated. Ultimately the force responsible for hydropower is gravity, so a hydroelectricity plant with a tall/high head can produce more power than a similar plant with a short/low head. In short, for a given water flow, a larger head will be converted into greater kinetic energy. That energy is then harnessed by a water wheel or water turbine to create usable hydropower.

## Fabrics

Hydrostatic head is also used as a measure of the waterproofing of a fabric, commonly in clothing and equipment used for outdoor recreation. It is measured as a length (typically millimetres), representing the maximum height of a vertical column of water that could be placed on top of the fabric before water started seeping through the weave. Thus a fabric with a hydrostatic head rating of 5000 mm could hold back a column of water five metres high, but no more.
# Asthenini

Asthenini is a tribe of geometer moths under subfamily Larentiinae first described by Warren in 1893. The tribe has been combined with Eupitheciini in the past, most notably by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in his work The Moths of Borneo.

## Recognized genera and species

Critical analysis by Dayong Xue and Malcolm J. Scoble indicated 18 genera that belong to the Asthenini with 1 additional, ungrouped species. The 18 genera recognized by this research are:
* Agnibesa Moore 1888
* Anydrelia Prout 1938
* Asthena Hübner 1825
* Asthenotricha Warren 1899
* Bihastina Prout 1916
* Epicyme Meyrick 1885
* Eschatarchia Warren 1894
* Euchoeca Hübner 1823
* Hastina Moore 1888
* Hydrelia Hübner 1825
* Leucoctenorrhoe Warren 1904
* Macrohastina Inoue 1982
* Nomenia Pearsall 1905
* Palpoctenidia Prout 1930
* Parasthena Warren 1902
* Poecilasthena Warren 1894
* Polynesia Swinhoe 1892
* Venusia Curtis 1839
Later research re-included the following genera:
* Eois (but see below)
* Minoa (but see below)
* Pseudostegania Butler, 1881

## Disassociated genera

The following 7 genera are sometimes associated with the Asthenini, but were excluded by the work of Xue and Scoble:
* Chaetolopha
* Chalyboclydon
* Cleptocosmia
* Pseudopolynesia
* Trichodezia
Eois and Minoa were excluded by Xue and Scoble, but later again included by Viidalepp in 2011.

## Species incertae sedis

Species 'Chalyboclydon' flexilinea was identified by Xue and Scoble as being part of the Asthenini. However, it has not been associated with a specific Asthenini genus.
# Ndengo

Ndengo is a village in the Ruvuma Region of southwestern Tanzania. It is located along the A19 road, north of Nyoni and south of Mbinga.
# Hypopta clymene

Hypopta clymene is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Guatemala.
The wingspan is about 40 mm. The costal margin of the forewings is pale buff with some black striae. The base and medial space below the cell to the inner margin is brown, with some fuscous lines on the inner margin and a larger subbasal black spot on the costa. The hindwings are dark grey with a whitish costa.
# Bing, Bing, Bing!

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Bing, Bing, Bing! is a 1995 album by jazz guitarist Charlie Hunter. This was his first album for the Blue Note Records and features his eight-string guitar.
The cover is an homage to Horace Parlan's 1960 album, Speakin' My Piece. The neon sign, 500 Club, is a bar in San Francisco's Mission District, a few blocks from the Elbo Room nightclub where the trio made a name for themselves.

## Track listing

* "Greasy Granny" – 4:34
* "Wornell's Yorkies" – 3:58
* "Fistful of Haggis" – 6:44
* "Come as You Are" (Cobain) – 6:08
* "Scrabbling for Purchase" – 4:49
* "Bullethead" – 5:34
* "Bing, Bing, Bing, Bing!" – 7:56
* "Squiddlesticks" – 4:03
* "Lazy Susan (with a client now)" – 6:15
* "Elbo Room" – 5:58

## Personnel

* Charlie Hunter – eight-string guitar
* Dave Ellis – tenor saxophone
* Jay Lane – drums
* Jeff Cressman – trombone on tracks 5 and 9
* Ben Goldberg – clarinet on tracks 5 and 9
* David Phillips – pedal steel guitar on tracks 3 and 7
* Scott Roberts – percussion on tracks 2 and 3
Production
* Lee Townsend – producer
* Judy Clapp – mixing engineer
* Oliver DiCicco – engineer
* Christian Jones – engineer
* Greg Calbi – mastering
# Hurdy-gurdy (disambiguation)

The hurdy-gurdy is a musical instrument.
Hurdy-gurdy may also refer to:
* Hurdy Gurdy (band), a rock band active in the 1960s
* Hurdy Gurdy (film), a 1929 cartoon by Walter Lantz for the Oswald the Lucky Rabbit shorts
* The Hurdy Gurdy, a mid-1760s symphony in E flat written by Joseph Schmitt
* The Hurdy-Gurdy, a 1902 book by Laura E. Richards
* Hurdy-gurdy, a 1905 painting by Pablo Picasso
* The Hurdy-Gurdy, a 1909 book of prose, poetry and drama by Elena Guro
* Hurdy Gurdy, a 1929 film featuring Ann Brody and Max Davidson
* The Hurdy Gurdy, a 1930 play by Andrei Platonov
* Hurdy-Gurdy, a 1944 book of poetry by Nancy Price
* The Hurdy-Gurdy (Φτώχεια και Φιλότιμο), a 1955 film by Alekos Sakellarios
* "Hurdy Gurdy", a track by Malcolm Clarke for the 1979 album BBC Radiophonic Workshop – 21
* Hurdy-gurdy, in Australia (esp. SA) a carousel
# Naziru M Ahmad

Naziru M Ahmadpronunciation also known as Sarkin Wakapronunciation (born 4 September 1986) is a Nigerian singer, songwriter and actor. Naziru was turbaned as Sarkin Wakan Sarkin Kano (Chief Singer of the Emir of Kano) in December 2018.
An expert musician per excellence with specialization in Royalty who in 2022 released a new music "Sai mun Bata Wuta".

## Discography
### Studio albums

Ahmad sings more than 300 songs.
* Musa Jidda
* Lamido
* wasiqa zuwa ga shugaban kasa
* Sabon Sarki
* Sunusi Lamido
* Mati Da Lado
* Mata Kudau Turame
* Dallatun Zazzau
* Matar Jami'a
* Jarman Wudil
* Ado Bayero
* Wani Gari
* Yata Fadimatu
* Ahmad Musa
* Dan Giya
* Gangar Jikinta Na Aura
* Sardaunan Samaru
* Wani Gari • 2014
* Sunusi Na Biyu
* Hanyar Kano 1
* Murnar Sabon Sarki
* Mai Abu Bakwai / Sardaunan Gora
* Kanin Muji
* I Love U Forever and Ever Soyayya5
* Umar Turawa
* Abdulhalim
* Ba Mutum Bane
* Sultan Biyamin Sarkin Das
* Na'iman Da'iman
* Usman Zannuraini Musa Jidda
* Ghazali Maitama and Farida Chanchangi
* Muhammad Rahman
* Umaru Ahmad and Hadiza Abdallah
* Kuliyan Zazzau
* Na kulle da makulli
* sai mun bata wuta

## Career

Ahmad has spoken of his love for Hausa music icons like Mamman Shata and Dankwairo. "To be candid, I can't specifically say what attracted my soul to music, but I had nurtured a dream of being a musician since I was seven. I started singing when there was no music studio in Kano. I would sing in front of gatherings and even as then I was applauded and celebrated. I went fully into music in 2000."
# Naziruddin Ahmad

Naziruddin Ahmad was a member of the Constituent Assembly of India representing West Bengal. He had been critical of the Drafting Committee and draft constitution of India. He talked about inclusion of interplanetary travel in the constitution.

## Early life

Ahmad was born on 25 December 1889 in Kulia, Bardhaman district, West Bengal. He studied at the Burdwan Raj Collegiate School. He earned a law degree from the Surendranath Law College of the University of Calcutta.

## Career

Ahmad practised law at the Calcutta High Court and the Federal Court of India. In 1919, he was elected vice-chairman of Bardhaman. He was appointed the public prosecutor of Bardhaman district in 1924 and served till 1928. He worked at the Burdwan Muhammedan Association as its secretary. He founded and edited Burdwan Vani. He was also the secretary of Bengal Raiyat Association.
Ahmad served in the Bengal Legislative Council and was the whip in the government of A. K. Fazlul Huq. He was elected to the Constituent Assembly of India from the Muslim League.
# Astralium lapillus

Astralium lapillus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 14 mm and 25 mm. The imperforate shell has an obtusely turbinated shape. its color pattern is fulvous, tinged with red at the base. Most of the specimens are strongly covered with incrustations, which render it impossible to count the whorls. The whorls convexly slope next the suture, then become tumidly rounded. They are longitudinally rudely ribbed with ribs irregularly wrinkled and tuberculated. The convex base of the shell is very closely irregularly scaled, with indistinct spiral lirae and fine radiating lamellae. The margin is more or less lobed. The aperture has rose-colored margins. The interior of the aperture is grooved at some distance from the margin; only the groove corresponding to the keel, reaches the outer margin. The operculum is externally very convex, with close-set granules, the margin is deep violet, especially the columellar one.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Philippines and Fiji.
# Atriplex spinifera

Atriplex spinifera is a species of saltbush, known by the common names spiny saltbush and spinescale saltbush.
It is endemic to California, where it grows in dry habitat with saline soils, such as salt flats. Its distribution includes the Mojave Desert, the southern Transverse Ranges, and the Central Valley, and surrounding mountain ranges. It is a halophyte.

## Description

Atriplex spinifera is a grayish or whitish brambly shrub with erect branching stems growing to a maximum height near 2 meters. The tangled branches are stiff and tipped with spiny points. The leaves are oval in shape and less than 3 centimeters in length.
The shrub is dioecious, with male and female individuals. The male flowers are small clusters in the leaf axils. The female flowers are solitary or borne in small clusters, and are enclosed in scaly bracts which become spherical as the fruit grows within.
# Atsuji

Atsuji (written: 厚次 or 貴嗣) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Atsuji Miyahara (宮原 厚次, born 1958), Japanese sport wrestler
* Atsuji Yamamoto (山本 貴嗣, born 1959), Japanese manga artist and character designer
# Neagu

Neagu is a Romanian-language name.

## People with the surname

* Alexandru Cătălin Neagu (born 1993), Romanian professional footballer
* Alexandru Neagu (1948–2010), Romanian footballer
* Andreas Neagu (born 1985), German-born Romanian bobsledder
* Cristian Neagu (born 1980), Romanian retired footballer and manager
* Cristina Neagu (born 1988), Romanian professional handballer
* Dragoș Neagu (born 1967), retired Romanian rower
* Fănuș Neagu (1932–2011), Romanian writer
* George Neagu (born 1985), Romanian professional footballer
* Ionuț Neagu (born 1989), Romanian professional footballer
* Marian Neagu (born 1991), Romanian professional footballer
* Paul Neagu (1938–2004), British-Romanian artist
* Răzvan Neagu (born 1987), Romanian former football player
* Theodor Anton Neagu (1932–2017), Romanian micropaleontologist & stratigrapher
* Traian Neagu (born 1987), Romanian sprint canoeist

## People with the given name

* Neagu Bratu (born 1935), Romanian former sports shooter
* Neagu Djuvara (1916–2018), Romanian historian, essayist, philosopher, journalist, novelist and diplomat
* Neagu Rădulescu (1912–1972), Romanian prose writer and caricaturist
# Atrolysin C

Atrolysin C (EC 3.4.24.42, Crotalus atrox metalloendopeptidase c, hemorrhagic toxin c and d) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
    Cleavage of His$^5$-Leu, His$^{10}$-Leu, Ala$^{14}$-Leu, Tyr$^{16}$-Leu and Gly$^{23}$-Phe bonds in B chain of insulin. With small molecule substrates prefers hydrophobic residue at P2' and small residue such as Ala, Gly at P1
This endopeptidase is present in the venom of the western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox).
# Husna

Husna (born 1942) was a Pakistani actress in the late 1950s to 1970s, who worked in Pakistani cinema. She made her debut in 1958 and mostly appeared in supporting roles in films. She was the recipient of the Nigar Award for Best Supporting Actress in 1972.

## Career

Actress Husna was born in 1942 as Nudrat Jahan in the household of Aftab Ali Khan, a friend of veteran film producer Shaukat Hussain Rizvi, who introduced her into the Pakistani film industry with the professional name 'Husna'. She made her debut as a child actor with his film Jan-e-Bahar (1958). Husna never became a top heroine and mainly played the side-heroine or vamp roles in Urdu and Punjabi films during her almost -30- years long career. Her big breakthrough came with Ajab Khan (1961), starring opposite Sudhir.
Her other appearances include Changez Khan (1958), Nagin (1959), Rani Khan (1960), Dosti (1971), and Sabaq (1972), among other musical films. Ahmad Bashir's Neela Parbat (1969) was one of her memorable films opposite Muhammad Ali, which was an experimental film inspired by Neo-realism. Her leading roles were in Honeymoon (1970) and Khamosh Nigahen (1971) opposite Kamal and Waheed Murad, respectively.

## Personal life

She married film actor Darpan, actor Santosh Kumar's younger brother, but that marriage lasted only for two years. Then she remarried within her own extended family and retired from films after acting in more than 150 films.

## Major films

* Jaan-e-Bahar (1958)
* Changez Khan (1958)
* Nagin (1959)
* Sathi (1959)
* Rani Khan (1960)
* Farishta (1961)
* Ajab Khan (1961)
* Shaheed (1962)
* Naila (1965)
* Behan Bhai (1968)
* Neela Parbat (1969)
* Honeymoon (1970)
* Dosti (1971)
* Khamosh Nigahen (1971)
* Sajan Milde Kadi Kadi (1972)
* Sabaq (1972)
* Jaal (1973)
* Surraya Bhopali (1976)

## Awards

* Husna received the Best Supporting Actress Nigar Award in 1972 for film Sabaq.
# Biotic potential

Biotic potential is described by the unrestricted growth of populations resulting in the maximum growth of that population.  Biotic potential is the highest possible vital index of a species; therefore, when the species has its highest birthrate and lowest mortality rate.

## Quantitative Expression

The biotic potential is the quantitative expression of the ability of a species to face natural selection in any environment. The main equilibrium of a particular population is described by the equation:
    Number of Individuals = Biotic Potential/Resistance of the Environment (Biotic and Abiotic)
Chapman also relates to a "vital index", regarding a ratio to find the rate of surviving members of a species, whereas;
    Vital Index = (number of births/number of deaths)*100.

## Components

According to the ecologist R.N. Chapman (1928), the biotic potential could be divided into a reproductive and survival potential. The survival potential could in turn be divided into nutritive and protective potentials.
Reproductive potential (potential natality) is the upper limit to biotic potential in the absence of mortality. Survival potential is the reciprocal of mortality. Because reproductive potential does not account for the number of gametes surviving, survival potential is a necessary component of biotic potential. In the absence of mortality, biotic potential = reproductive potential.
Chapman also identified two additional components of nutritive and protective potentials as divisions of the survival potential. Nutritive potential is the ability to acquire and use food for growth and energy. Protective potential is described by the ability of the organism to protect itself against the dynamic forces of environment in order to insure successful reproduction and offspring.
Full expression of the biotic potential of an organism is restricted by environmental resistance, any condition that inhibits the increase in number of the population. It is generally only reached when environmental conditions are very favorable. A species reaching its biotic potential would exhibit exponential population growth and be said to have a high fertility, that is, how many offspring are produced per mother.
# 1994 European Athletics Championships – Women's 10,000 metres

These are the official results of the Women's 10,000 metres event at the 1994 European Championships in Helsinki, Finland. The final was held at Helsinki Olympic Stadium on 13 August 1994.

## Medalists

| Gold | Fernanda Ribeiro Portugal |
| Silver | Maria Conceição Ferreira Portugal |
| Bronze | Daria Nauer Switzerland |

## Final

| Rank | Final | Time |
| | Fernanda Ribeiro (POR) | 31:08.75 |
| | Conceiçao Ferreira (POR) | 31:32.82 |
| | Daria Nauer (SUI) | 31:35.96 |
| 4. | Kathrin Weßel (GER) | 31:38.75 |
| 5. | Cristina Misaros (ROM) | 31:41.03 |
| 6. | Maria Guida (ITA) | 31:42.14 |
| 7. | Fernanda Marques (POR) | 31:53.12 |
| 8. | Klara Kashapova (RUS) | 31:55.99 |
| 9. | Claudia Lokar (GER) | 32:08.74 |
| 10. | Marleen Renders (BEL) | 32:11.18 |
| 11. | Nicole Lévêque (FRA) | 32:12.07 |
| 12. | Gitte Karlshøj (DEN) | 32:26.25 |
| 13. | Iulia Negură (ROM) | 32:29.07 |
| 14. | Claudia Metzner (GER) | 32:38.11 |
| 15. | Tatyana Pentukova (RUS) | 32:40.72 |
| 16. | Milka Mikhailova (BUL) | 32:55.73 |
| 17. | Serap Aktaş (TUR) | 32:59.76 |
| 18. | Carmen Fuentes (ESP) | 33:05.55 |
| 19. | Martha Ernstsdóttir (ISL) | 33:24.78 |
| 20. | Päivi Tikkanen (FIN) | 34:22.45 |
| — | Catherina McKiernan (IRL) | DNF |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 21 athletes from 15 countries participated in the event.
* Belgium (1)
* Bulgaria (1)
* Denmark (1)
* Finland (1)
* France (1)
* Germany (3)
* Iceland (1)
* Ireland (1)
* Italy (1)
* Portugal (3)
* Romania (2)
* Russia (2)
* Spain (1)
* Switzerland (1)
* Turkey (1)
# Höringen

Höringen is a municipality in the Donnersbergkreis district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
# Atzalán

Atzalán is a city in the Mexican state of Veracruz, and the municipal seat of the municipality of the same name.
It is located at 19°47′00″N 97°14′00″W﻿ / ﻿19.783333°N 97.233333°W﻿ / 19.783333; -97.233333, some 45 km northwest of the state capital Xalapa.
# Hırka, Tavas

Hırka is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tavas, Denizli Province in Turkey. Its population is 287 (2022).
# Hırka, Merzifon

Hırka is a village in the Merzifon District, Amasya Province, Turkey. Its population is 235 (2021).
# Nefteyugansk United Airline Transportation Company

Nefteyugansk United Airline Transportation Company is an airline based in Nefteyugansk, Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. Its main base is Nefteyugansk Airport.

## Code data

* ICAO Code: NFT
* Callsign: Nefteavia

## History

The airline was established and started operations in 1975. It was formerly named Nefteyugansk United Aviation Squadron.

## Fleet

The Nefteyugansk Air Enterprise fleet includes the following aircraft (at March 2007):
* 5 Kamov Ka-32T
* 12 Mil Mi-8T
* 8 Mil Mi-17
# Hàm Thuận Bắc district

Hàm Thuận Bắc is a rural district of Bình Thuận province in the Southeast region of Vietnam. In 2003 the district had a population of 156,535. The district covers an area of 1,277 square kilometres (493 square miles). The district capital lies at Ma Lâm.
It is the site of the Hàm Thuận – Đa Mi hydroelectric power stations.

## Communes

The district has two town-level (thị trấn) administrative units, Ma Lâm (population 13,391) and Phú Long (population 14,042), and 15 rural communes (xã): Đa Mi where the first dam is located, Đông Tiến, La Dạ, Đông Giang, Thuận Hòa, Hàm Phú, Thuận Minh, Hàm Liêm, Hàm Hiệp, Hàm Chính, Hàm Trí, Hồng Liêm, Hồng Sơn, Hàm Thắng and Hàm Đức.

## History

Finds belonging to the Sa Huỳnh culture have been found in the district. Hàm Thuận was established as an administrative area (phủ) in 1832 in the reign of Minh Mạng, and separated into North and South districts in 1983.
# Athletics at the 1998 Asian Games – Women's high jump

The women's high jump competition at the 1998 Asian Games in Bangkok, Thailand was held on 13 December at the Thammasat Stadium.

## Schedule

All times are Indochina Time (UTC+07:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Sunday, 13 December 1998 | 14:00 | Final |

## Results
### Legend

* NM — No mark
| Rank | Athlete | Result |
| | Yoko Ota (JPN) | 1.88 |
| | Jin Ling (CHN) | 1.88 |
| | Anna Cherntsova (KGZ) | 1.84 |
| 4 | Tatyana Efimenko (KGZ) | 1.84 |
| 4 | Miki Imai (JPN) | 1.84 |
| 6 | Rassamee Taemsri (THA) | 1.84 |
| — | Achalakorn Kerdchang (THA) | NM |
# Multishow ao Vivo

Multishow ao Vivo is a special series aired by Brazilian TV station Multishow.
* Multishow ao Vivo: Dois Quartos
* Multishow ao Vivo: Ivete no Maracanã
* Multishow ao Vivo: Ivete Sangalo no Madison Square Garden
* Multishow ao Vivo: Skank no Mineirão
* Multishow ao Vivo: Vanessa da Mata
# Batillaria mutata

Batillaria mutata is a species of small mudflat saltwater snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Batillariidae, the horn snails.

## Distribution

This species is endemic to Ecuador.
# Anne-Marie Gowora

Anne-Marie Gowora is a Zimbabwean judge who currently serves as a justice of the Supreme Court of Zimbabwe since 2012. Previously, she served on the High Court of Zimbabwe beginning in 2000.

## Education

Gowora attended the University of Rhodesia (today the University of Zimbabwe), where she studied law in a multiracial class of 38 students, including whites, blacks, Coloureds, and Indians. Among her former law classmates are prominent Harare lawyer George Chikumbirike, and judges Ishmael Chatikobo, Moses Chinhengo, and Jacqueline Pratt. Gowora graduated in 1979 with a Bachelor of Laws.

## Legal career

Before becoming a judge, Gowora spent much of her career working in the office of the Attorney General. At the time she was appointed to the High Court bench, she was a partner in a private law firm. In 2000, President Robert Mugabe appointed her to the High Court of Zimbabwe, along with three others, including Rita Makarau, her former law firm partner. However, University of Bordeaux professor Daniel Compagnon described her as an "undeniably pro-ZANU–PF judge," noting that she received a farm in October 2005 as a result of Zimbabwe's land reform program.
In November 2011, Gowora was named acting justice of the Supreme Court of Zimbabwe, with effect from 1 January 2012. Later that year, President Mugabe appointed her Supreme Court justice. She was sworn in, alongside High Court appointee Happias Zhou, on 2 May 2012 at State House in a ceremony attended by Chief Justice Godfrey Chidyausiku, Justice Minister Patrick Chinamasa, Supreme Court Justice Rita Makarau, among other public officials. Acting Justice Yunus Omerjee was also supposed to be sworn in that day, but he was out of the country. In 2013, Gowora was appointed to the Constitutional Court of Zimbabwe, which is part of the Supreme Court.