OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1868 West Sydney colonial by-election

A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of West Sydney on 15 December 1868 because of the resignation of Samuel Joseph, who had traveled to Europe but stayed longer than he had contemplated and so resigned his seat.

## Dates

| Date | Event |
| 28 November 1868 | Samuel Joseph announced his resignation. |
| 1 December 1868 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 14 December 1868 | Nominations |
| 15 December 1868 | Polling day |
| 21 December 1868 | Return of writ |

## Result

1868 West Sydney by-election Tuesday 15 December :
| Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % |
| William Campbell (elected) | William Campbell (elected) | 2,175 | 52.2 |
| Joseph Wearne | Joseph Wearne | 1,982 | 47.5 |
| Richard Dransfield | Richard Dransfield | 13 | 0.3 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 4,170 | 100.0 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | 0 | 0.0 |
| Turnout | Turnout | 4,170 | 48.6 |
# Mortillano system

The Mortillano system is the second longest karst system in Spain and one of the largest in Europe, the sixth, with 146.5 km of galleries. It is also the 15th longest cave system in the world.

## History

Explorations of the system began in the 1960s and were resumed in the 1990s. Since then, more than 20 inlets and eight underground rivers with a large number of small tributaries have been found.
# Banskota

Also spelled as Baskota (Devanagari : बाँस्कोटा) is a surname of Upadhyay Brahmins from Nepal. Throughout their history in Nepal, they have mostly held vocations as pandit, teachers, purohits, and government officers. Banskotas' gotra is Koudinya.
Banskotas have their origin in Kannauj, India. As written in the comprehensive Banskota Bhansawali book, during the Muslim Invasion of India in the 13th century, Vedic Bhatt Brahmins escaped their home, Kanya Kubja, to escape the destructive Muslim forces. It is recorded in Indian history, as well as the Banskota Bhanswali book that the invaders wanted to destroy the Hindu Vedic culture and ways. In order to preserve the Vedic Hindu culture from the wrath of the invaders, the Bhatt Brahmins sought refuge in the hills of the Himalayas. During this time, many Brahmins migrated from the Muslim invaded areas seeking safety. The Bhatt Brahmins first settled in the part that is now western Nepal. One of the descendants of the Bhatt was relocated to a place called Banskot of modern-day Dailekh by a king to fulfill his Brahmin duties, which is where he gained the surname Banskota. Another descendant was given the surname acharya— hence is the reason Banskotas' and Acharyas' have the same gotra and cannot marry each other. Similarly Neupane surname was given to one of the descendants.
In the present day, most Banskota communities in Nepal continue to follow family traditions. Additionally, a Banskota bandhu jamghat continues taking place, generally in Gaurighat, Kathmandu at Sardar Som Prasad Banskota Guthi's premises.
Notable people with name Banskota or its variations include:
* Sambhujeet Baskota, Nepali music composer, songwriter, and singer
* Gokul Prasad Baskota, Nepali politician
* Prithu Baskota, Nepali cricketer
* Dipak Prakash Baskota, Nepalese politician
* Kali Prasad Baskota, Nepali music composer, songwriter, and singer
* Balram Baskota, Nepali politician
# Amata lagosensis

Amata lagosensis is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1907. It is found in Nigeria.
# Mrs. Greenbird

Mrs. Greenbird is a German folk duo consisting of Sarah Nücken and Steffen Brückner. They are best known for winning season three of the German version of The X Factor.

## Career
### 2006–2012: Formation and early career

Nücken and Brückner met in 2006 in Cologne and formed Mrs. Greenbird. The duo originally called themselves "Goldkehlchen und der Mann mit Hut" comedically before deciding on "Mrs. Greenbird". The name comes from a dead green parrot they found at their home. At the time, Nücken was working as a singer in various choirs while Brückner worked with worship leaders at a church in Cologne. Their first major gig as a duo was the opening act for actor and musician Tim Robbins.

### 2012–2015: X Factor and breakthrough

In autumn 2012, the duo participated in season three of X Factor. Throughout the show they were known for performing various songs of different genres in their folk style. Several of their covers, including "Frozen" (by Madonna) and "Blitzkrieg Bop" (by The Ramones) went on to chart in Germany and Austria. They performed an original composition "Shooting Stars & Fairy Tales" in the final round of the show and went on to win the competition. The song later charted in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland within the Top 20. On 21 December 2012 they released their début self-titled album which reached the number-one spot in Germany and Top 10 in Austria and Switzerland.

### 2015–present: Unser Song für Österreich

In January 2015, Mrs. Greenbird was revealed as one of the seven established artists taking part in Unser Song für Österreich. They competed with the songs "Shine Shine Shine" and "Take My Hand" on 5 March 2015, but did not make it to the second round of voting and were eliminated.

## Members

* Sarah Nücken (born (1984-01-20) 20 January 1984 (age 40) in Siegburg) – Singer, songwriter
* Steffen Brückner (born (1976-03-25) 25 March 1976 (age 48) in Kamp-Lintfort) – Guitarist, singer, songwriter

## Discography
### Albums

List of studio albums, with selected chart positions, sales figures and certifications :
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions |
| Title | Album details | GER | AUT | SWI |
| Mrs. Greenbird | Released: 21 December 2012 Label: Columbia, Sony | 1 | 2 | 9 |
| Postcards | Released: 21 November 2014 Label: Columbia, Sony | 47 | — | — |
| Dark Waters | Released: 12 April 2019 Label: Columbia, Sony | 85 | — | — |

### Singles

List of singles as main artist, with selected chart positions and certifications :
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Certifications |
| Title | Year | GER | AUT | SWI | Certifications |
| "Blitzkrieg Bop" | 2012 | 63 | 62 | — | |
| "Frozen" | 2012 | 92 | — | — | |
| "Falling Slowly" | 2012 | 97 | — | — | |
| "It Will Never Rain Roses" | 2012 | 54 | 58 | — | |
| "Shooting Stars & Fairy Tales" | 2012 | 14 | 15 | 16 | |
| "One Little Heart" | 2013 | — | — | — | |
| "Everyone's the Same" | 2014 | — | — | — | |
| "Shine Shine Shine" | 2015 | — | — | — | |
| "Take My Hand" | 2015 | — | — | — | |
# Baron Seaton

Baron Seaton, of Seaton in the County of Devon, was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 14 December 1839 for the soldier and colonial administrator Sir John Colborne. He fought at the Battle of Waterloo and was Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada from 1828 to 1836, acting Governor General of British North America from 1837 to 1838 and Commander-in-Chief of North America from 1838 to 1839. He later served as Commander-in-Chief of Ireland between 1855 and 1860 and was promoted to Field Marshal in 1860. Lord Seaton was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Baron. He was Military Secretary to his father when Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in Ireland.
On his death the titles passed to his eldest son, the third Baron. He was a Major in the Royal 1st Devon Yeomanry and fought in the Second Boer War and in the First World War. Lord Seaton married Elizabeth Beatrice (d. 1937), daughter of Sir Francis Fuller-Eliott-Drake, 2nd Baronet, of Nutwell Court and Buckland Abbey (a title which became extinct on his death in 1916), in 1887. In 1917 he assumed by Royal Licence the additional surnames of Eliott-Drake. Lord Seaton was childless and on his death in 1933 the title passed to his younger brother, the fourth Baron. He was a Major in the South Staffordshire Regiment and served in the Nile Expedition of 1884 to 1885, where he was severely wounded, in the Second Boer War and in the First World War. Lord Seaton married Caroline Mabel, daughter of Sir Arthur Pendarves Vivian, in 1904. In 1927 he assumed by Royal licence the additional surname of Vivian. He was also childless and on his death in 1955 the barony became extinct.
Another member of the Colborne family to gain distinction was the Hon. Sir Francis Colborne (1817–1895), second son of the first Baron. He was a General in the Army.

## Barons Seaton (1839)

* John Colborne, 1st Baron Seaton (1778–1863)
* James Colborne, 2nd Baron Seaton (1816–1888)
* John Eliott-Drake-Colborne, 3rd Baron Seaton (1854–1933)
* James Colborne-Vivian, 4th Baron Seaton (1863–1955)
# Aphanostephus riddellii

Aphanostephus riddellii is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, with the common name Riddell's lazydaisy. It is native to the southwestern and south-central United States (states of New Mexico and Texas), as well as to the state of Coahuila in northern Mexico.
Aphanostephus riddellii is perennial herb up to 50 cm (20 inches) tall. It grows in open, sunny locations, often amongst scrub oaks. The plant is named for American botanist John Leonard Riddell, 1807 – 1865.
# Araucaria humboldtensis

Araucaria humboldtensis, or Humboldt's araucaria, is a species of conifer in the family Araucariaceae. It is found only in New Caledonia. It is threatened by habitat loss, as even though the remaining wild populations are located within protected park areas, an increased frequency of forest fires in recent years has led to continued degradation of habitat and increased dieback of mature trees.
Araucaria humboldtensis is one of the smaller trees in its family, ranging from 6–15 m in height, with a distinct flattened crown in mature specimens. It is found in the wild only in three remnant populations in the south of the main island Grand Terre, growing on Mont Humboldt, Mont Mou and Mont des Sources at an altitude of between 750 and 1500 m.
# 1932 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship

The 1932 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 23rd staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909.
Ballinora won the championship following a 2–05 to 1–03 defeat of Buttevant in the final. This was their first championship title in the grade.
# Hoodoo Glacier

Hoodoo Glacier is a glacier in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, located on the western flank of Hoodoo Mountain. It lies at the headwaters of the Hoodoo River. The glacier originates from the Andrei Icefield.
# Harvard Irish Mission

Between the years 1932 and 1936 a team of American academics from Harvard University, Massachusetts, led by Earnest Hooton conducted a pioneering anthropological study of Ireland, north and south, which was called the Harvard Irish Mission. The Mission comprised three strands; social anthropology, physical anthropology and archaeology. The results of the study were published in a series of academics papers and monographs between in 1936 and 1955. The Mission had a major influence on the development of academic knowledge in and about Ireland and many of the publications continue to be cited by modern scholars across a wide range of disciplines. C. Arensberg and S. Kimball came to the west of Ireland as part of the ‘Harvard Irish Project’. The Irish research project was part of a larger comparative project using ethnographic methods of investigation.

## The Name

The name of the study is referred to by a number of labels in academic and popular media, including "Harvard Irish Survey" and "Harvard Irish Mission". The archaeological section, in particular, was and still is frequently referred to as the "Harvard Archaeological Expedition to Ireland". However, the official name of the study was the "Harvard Irish Mission".

## Major Publications resulting from the Mission

* Conrad M. Arensberg, The Irish Countryman Macmillan Company (1937), reissued by Waveland (1988) ISBN 0-8813-3401-4
* Conrad M. Arensberg and Solon Toothaker Kimball, Family and Community in Ireland. Harvard University Press (1940, reissued 1968) ISBN 0-674-29250-2
* Hallam L. Movius, The Irish Stone Age; its Chronology, Development and Relationships. Cambridge University Press (1942, reissued 2013) ISBN 1-1076-9300-4
* Earnest Hooton and C. Wesley Dupertuis, with Helen Hooton Dawson, The Physical Anthropology of Ireland. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard, XXX, 1955. Two volumes.
# Aphanopsis

Aphanopsis is a genus of lichens in the family Aphanopsidaceae. It was circumscribed by Finnish lichenologist William Nylander in 1882, with Aphanopsis terrigena as the type species. Aphanopsis coenosa, originally described as Collema coenosum by Erik Acharius in 1810, was added to the genus in 1984.
# NIPPV

NIPPV may refer to:
* Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation, a term used to distinguish non-invasive ventilation that does not use negative pressure (iron lung)
* Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation
# NIPL

NIPL may refer to:
* National Independent Political League, a 20th-century American political organization
* NPCI International Payments Limited, part of the National Payments Corporation of India
# Hoflers Fork, North Carolina

Hoflers Fork is an unincorporated community in Gates County, North Carolina, United States. Hoflers Fork is located on North Carolina Highway 32, 8.5 miles (13.7 km) east of Gatesville.
# Hofmann's sunbird

Hofmann's sunbird (Cinnyris hofmanni) is a species of bird in the family Nectariniidae. It is endemic to eastern Tanzania.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The International Ornithological Congress (IOC) recognizes Hofmann's sunbird as a species. However, the Clements taxonomy treats it as a subspecies of Shelley's sunbird, Cinnyris shelleyi.

## Description

Hofmann's sunbird weighs approximately 8 g (0.28 oz) and is 9 to 13 cm (3.5 to 5.1 in) in length. The male in breeding plumage has an emerald green head, chest, and upper back; dark brown wings, tail, and belly; and a scarlet breast band. The female is grayish green above; the underparts are yellowish gray with darker streaking especially on the chest. Its wings and tail are dark brown. The non-breeding male's plumage is similar to that of the female but with a red breast band and black belly.

## Distribution and habitat

Hofmann's sunbird is a year-round resident of eastern Tanzania. There it inhabits woodland, scrub, and gardens at elevations between 500 and 1,200 m (1,600 and 3,900 ft).

## Behavior and ecology

Hofmann's sunbird's principal foods are nectar, insects, and spiders. It forages for arthropods in trees and reedbeds and nectars in flowering trees and shrubs. Its nest is usually in a bush and is made of leaves, bark, grass, and lichen held together with cobwebs. It has been recorded laying clutches of one or two eggs in February and April.

## Status

Hofmann's sunbird is generally uncommon but locally common. The IUCN has not assessed the species.
# Hofmann & Czerny (Hofmann-Wien)

Hofmann & Czerny AG [not to be confused with other piano makers such as Ferdinand Hofmann (ca. 1756–1829), August Hoffmann, George Hoffmann, W. Hoffmann, Karl Hofmann, Hofmann & Scholz or Hofmann & Schulze] was founded in 1903 by Julius Carl Hofmann (b. 1873, Bohemia. d. 1948, Vienna) in Penzing (Vienna) and was known as Europe's largest piano manufacturer at the time. It was awarded the Austrian coat of arms on June 11, 1931, as it used to be the imperial court's personal piano supplier. The company produced and sold world famous pianos under the name "Hofmann" and later as "Hofmann & Czerny". The company began producing pianos in its factory under license in 1924. The pianos were also produced in Czechoslovakia under "Jihlavská továrna, a.s." generated under license.
Towards the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, many Austria-Hungary companies tried to compete in the enormous success of the German piano orchestrions with their own products. In 1913 Hofmann developed an orchestrion after taking steps towards the cinema organ. The Hofmann & Czerny piano company with the “Continental” brand, in contrast to other smaller brands at the time such as the Stingl brothers used to be a leader in the orchestrion instrument in the Austria-Hungary empire.
Isabella Sommer writes in the article The piano playing instrument Phonola :
   “The largest piano factory in Vienna, Hofmann & Czerny (…) not only produced pianos, but also music machines and orchestras with 'military music', which had been installed in inns and cafes before the war. From September 1914 ammunition boxes were built here instead of pianos, but the music vending machines were used even more efficiently because the company set up a 'mighty musical work' on the tower of their factory site, which performed the Prinz-Eugen-Lied every evening at 8 a.m., the watch on the Rhine, the imperial song, “Hail you in the wreath, My Austria, the Radetzky and the Rákóczi march. The music can be heard in wide areas and is enthusiastically received everywhere.”
The two most popular pianos sold were the Hofmann 7 octaves grand piano MOD XV (later Hofmann & Czerny M15) with double escapement mechanisms from Renner and the Belcanto 7 ¼ upright piano with the novel and additional harpsichord sound when the middle pedal is held down. The combination of Renner's piano action and Hofmann & Czerny's affordable shell made the instrument one of the most popular in Europe at the time. Production ceased in 1963, however the company is now run by Hans Helmut Dittmer, the grandson of Hans Suchy who was a former colleague of Hofmann's.
# Bendix Grodtschilling the Younger

Bendix Grodtschilling the Younger (1 December 1655 – 10 March 1707) was a Danish painter.
Grodtschilling was born in Itzehoe, the son of the painter Bendix Grodtschilling the Elder's first marriage. He was in France and Italy and trained as a painter, but initially was only an insignificant and little fertile artist in portrait art. He returned to Denmark around 1670, and already in 1672 it is documented that he received payment of three skillings for works he had delivered for Rosenborg Castle. His father gave him regular work of the royal court, and in 1690 he was named official royal court painter, which paid him 100 crowns annually. When his father died the same year, followed Grodtschilling him in office as manager. Among his paintings are: Grodtschilling the Elder's portrait, now at Rosenborg Castle, Christian V of Denmark on horseback, at the old Copenhagen Castle, and an "optical piece": the Oldenburg kings with Christian V in the middle. He also had drawings for Rosenborg Castle wallpapers (except for those in the Great Hall and data sheet. I, 252). In 1704 he was assessor in the ducal court. Grodtschilling died in Copenhagen and is buried in the Trinitatis Church; his wife, Anne Cathrine Eiler Daughter Sander or Zanders, died 1716. For their 12 children, most died young, but one son Bendix Grodtschilling the Youngest became a painter as well.
# Nadioutenga

Nadioutenga is a village in the Boudry Department of Ganzourgou Province in central Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 448.
# Nadingar Ekoue Thérèse

Nadingar Ekoue Thérèse (died 14 August 2020) was a first Chadian female lawyer and human rights activist, who was known for her work in defending orphans and vulnerable people. She was secretary general of the Chad Bar Association.

## Early life and education

Ekoue Thérèse was born and raised in Chad but had her educational life in different countries.
She had her primary education at N'Djamena in Chad. She had her Certificate of Primary and Elementary Studies (CEPE) at Vichy in France in the year 1971.
She also gained some of her primary education at Notre Dame des Apôtres College in Lomé, Togo. After some years, she went back to the Chadian capital, N'Djamena and obtained her Brevet d'Etudes du Premier cycle (BEPC) in 1975 then the baccalaureate in 1978 at the Félix Eboué High School in Chad.
Ekoue Thérèse obtained a degree in private law at Marien Ngouabi University in Brazzaville, Congo.

## Career

Ekoue Thérèse was a lawyer from 1992. She opened a law firm after some years of experience and served as secretary general of the Chad Bar Association. She again trained five (5) lawyers in her country, Chad.

## Personal life

Ekoue Thérèse was married to Emmanuel Nadingar who was the former Prime Minister of Chad from March 2010 to January 2013. She had five children.

## Death

Ekoue Thérèse died on 14 August 2020.
# Hog Park Guard Station

The Hog Park Guard Station, in Routt National Forest in Jackson County, Colorado about 35 miles (56 km) west of Cowdrey, Colorado, was built during 1910 to 1912. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.
The station is a two-room log cabin, built of round logs. It is 14 by 28 feet (4.3 m × 8.5 m) in plan, with an 8 feet (2.4 m) high ceiling, fairly high for a United States Forest Service administrative building, and includes an attic crawl space under the gable.
Besides the cabin, the listing included two other contributing buildings: a log storage shed and a privy.
It is located on the west bank of the Encampment River, in an area that was logged for railroad ties during 1900 to 1907.
The Ellis Trail goes through the complex.
# Hokkaido 5th district (1947–1993)
## List of representatives

* Ichiro Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party、1963・1967・1969・1972・1976・1979・1980
* Shoichi Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party、1983・1986・1990・1993
* Muneo Suzuki, independent then Liberal Democratic Party, 1983・1986・1990・1993

## Election results

* 1993 Japanese general election
** Shoichi Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party, 110,832 votes
** Muneo Suzuki, Liberal Democratic Party, 85,201 votes
** Japanese Communist Party, 26,136 votes
* 1990 Japanese general election
** Shoichi Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party, 110,781 votes
** Muneo Suzuki, Liberal Democratic Party, 89,654 votes
** Japanese Communist Party, 26,335 votes
* 1986 Japanese general election
** Shoichi Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party, 118,149 votes
** Muneo Suzuki, Liberal Democratic Party, 93,835 votes
** Japanese Communist Party, 20,914 votes
* 1983 Japanese general election
** Shoichi Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party, 163,755 votes
** Muneo Suzuki, independent, 67,436 votes
** Japanese Communist Party, 20,478 votes
* 1980 Japanese general election
** Ichiro Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party
* 1979 Japanese general election
** Ichiro Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party
* 1976 Japanese general election
** Ichiro Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party
* 1972 Japanese general election
** Ichiro Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party
* 1969 Japanese general election
** Ichiro Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party
* 1967 Japanese general election
** Ichiro Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party
* 1963 Japanese general election
** Ichiro Nakagawa, Liberal Democratic Party
# Aram Sarai

Aram Sarai (Āram Sarāy) is a village in Bewar block of Mainpuri district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, it had a population of 4,830, in 789 households.

## Demographics

As of 2011, Aram Sarai had a population of 4,830, in 789 households.$^{:186}$ This population was 53.9% male (2,602) and 46.1% female (2,228). The 0-6 age group numbered 761 (398 male and 363 female), or 15.8% of the total population. 837 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 17.3% of the total.$^{:136–7}$
The 1981 census recorded Aram Sarai as having a population of 3,175 people, in 488 households.$^{:182–3}$
The 1961 census recorded Aram Sarai as comprising 7 hamlets, with a total population of 2,246 people (1,201 male and 1,045 female), in 412 households and 297 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 1,934 acres; it had a post office and was counted as part of Allau block at that point.$^{:cii}$

## Infrastructure

As of 2011, Aram Sarai had 2 primary schools; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by hand pump and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village had a post office but no public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.$^{:186–91}$