OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Pardoe

John Wentworth Pardoe (born 27 July 1934) is a British retired businessman and Liberal Party politician. He was Chairman of Sight and Sound Education Ltd from 1979 to 1989.

## Early life and education

Pardoe was the son of Cuthbert B. Pardoe and Marjorie E. W. (née Taylor). He attended King's College School, Cambridge, and was a chorister in the Choir of King's College, Cambridge. He then went to Sherborne School, a boarding independent school for boys in the market town of Sherborne in Dorset, followed by Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. He was active in the famous Footlights drama club; one critic of their 1955 revue panned future comedian Jonathan Miller, whilst predicting a bold comedic future for Pardoe. He gained an MA at Cambridge.

## Early career

Pardoe worked for Television Audience Measurement Ltd from 1958 to 1960, Osborne Peacock Co. Ltd from 1960 to 1961 and Liberal News from 1961 to 1966.

## Political career

In the 1964 general election, Pardoe unsuccessfully stood as the Liberal candidate against Margaret Thatcher in Finchley. In the 1966 election, the Liberal Party increased its number of MPs from nine to twelve: one of them was Pardoe, who captured the North Cornwall seat from the Conservative Party's James Scott-Hopkins. He rapidly became the party's Economic Affairs spokesman in parliament and was respected for the intellect of his views, if not for the often partisan nature of his comments. Pardoe was Treasurer of the Liberal Party from 1968 to 1969.
In the 1960s, Pardoe was a member of Mebyon Kernow as well as the Liberal Party.
In 1976, after the resignation of Jeremy Thorpe, Pardoe was a candidate for the leadership of the Liberal Party. He lost to David Steel, who received 12,541 votes to Pardoe's 7,032.
Pardoe played the fairy-tale Liberal prime minister in BBC Radio 4's Christmas pantomime, Black Cinderella Two Goes East in 1978, on the basis that Liberal prime ministers exist only in fairy tales.
At the 1979 general election, he lost his seat, possibly because of his outspoken support for neighbouring MP Jeremy Thorpe, who was then about to stand trial at the Old Bailey for conspiracy and incitement to murder.
At the general election of 1987, Pardoe served as campaign manager of the SDP-Liberal Alliance.

## Outside politics

From 1967 to 1973, Pardoe was a consultant to the National Association of Schoolmasters. He was a director at William Schlackman Ltd from 1968 to 1971, Gerald Metals (1972–83) and a Member of the London Metal Exchange from 1973 to 1983.
Pardoe was a presenter of LWT's Look Here television programme from 1979 to 1981. In the same period, he was also a Senior Research Fellow at the Policy Studies Institute. From 1985 to 1989, he was a member of the Youth Training Board.

## Personal life

In 1958, Pardoe married Joyce R. Peerman; the couple have two sons and a daughter. Pardoe lives in Hampstead, north west London.
His recreations are walking, reading, music and carpentry.
# Pipkin

A pipkin is an earthenware cooking pot used for cooking over direct heat from coals or a wood fire. They were not held in direct flame which would crack the ceramic. It has a handle and many (though not all) examples had three feet. Late medieval and post-medieval pipkins had a hollow handle into which a stick might be inserted for manipulation. Examples exist unglazed, fully glazed, and glazed only on the interior.
While often spheroidal, they were made with straight outwardly-sloping sides. They were occasionally made with lids or pouring spouts.

## Heraldry

The pipkin, also called a three-legged pot (marmite (fr.), Grapen (ger.)), is sometimes used as a charge in heraldry. It is especially common in arms in Brandenburg, Pomerania and East Prussia.
It is used in the canting arms for the German families von Grape, Grapengießer and Grappendorf, and Groppe von Gudenberg.
* Estorf (Landkreis Stade)
* Gehlenbeck
* Samtgemeinde Wathlingen
* Wathlingen
# Belgium–Kurdistan Region relations

Belgium–Kurdistan Region relations are bilateral relations between Belgium and Kurdistan Region. Belgium has no representation in Kurdistan Region and the latter has no representation in Belgium. Kurdistan Region's representation to the European Union is located in the Belgian capital of Brussels. Belgium has a military presence in Kurdistan Region with circa 30 soldiers training Kurdish soldiers (Peshmerga). In 2017, Kurdish President Massoud Barzani visited Belgium and met with Minister-President Geert Bourgeois of the federal region of Flanders, where the latter stated that the upcoming Kurdish referendum in September 2017 should be respected and Deputy Prime Minister of the federal government in Belgium Jan Jambon has stated that all nations have the right to self-determination.

## History

Belgian Foreign Minister Karel de Gucht visited Erbil in May 2009 to discuss economic ties with Kurdish President Masoud Barzani. In 2016, the Belgian government delivered 41 loads of medical aid to Kurdish soldiers, and the regional government of Flanders decided to provide medical help for wounded Peshmerga. In 2014, Flandern had already aided Kurdistan Region with 400,000 euros for sanitation and water through Red Cross. That same year, Belgian politician Georges Dallemagne said that: "The Kurdistan Region has done an impressive job in sheltering IDPs and refugees and protecting and defending the civilians and ethnic and religious minority groups against the barbaric acts of Islamic State terrorists." Belgium also decided to allocate 13,5 million euros to Kurdistan Region to cope with the growing number of internally displaced people. In 2017, Belgium and Kurdistan Region signed an agreement on the deportation of convicted Kurdish refugees in Belgium.
# Block Island meteorite

Block Island meteorite, officially named Meridiani Planum 006 shortened as MP 006, was found on Mars by the Opportunity rover on July 17, 2009. It is about 67 centimetres (26 in) across.

## History

Block Island was the first of three iron meteorites encountered by the rover on Meridiani Planum within a few hundred meters, the others being Shelter Island (the second meteorite found), and Mackinac Island (the third one found).
No strong evidence exists concerning when Block Island may have fallen on Mars, though atmospheric conditions would have favored its arrival in the late Noachian period. Block Island may be extensively weathered, or conversely the features covering it may simply be the regmaglypts formed by its passage through the atmosphere. Contrary to some claims, Block Island is not too large for the modern martian atmosphere to produce, though the denser the atmosphere the more effectively it would produce Block Island mass meteorites.
# José Tragó

José Tragó y Arana (Madrid, 1856–1934) was a Spanish pianist and composer.
He was a student of Albéniz. He taught piano at Madrid Royal Conservatory. Among his students were Manuel de Falla, Joaquín Turina, José Muñoz Molleda, Enrique Granados, Dulce María Serret, Vicente Zurrón, Javier Alfonso, soprano es:Fidela Campiña, composer María Rodrigo and many others.
# Julius Brach

Julius Brach (9 January 1881, Brno – 4 July 1938, Vyškov, Moravia) was a Czech chess master.
In the beginning of his career, he won at Brno 1899, took 3rd at Osyky u Lomnice, took 2nd at Brno 1901, and took 3rd at Brno 1905. He tied for 5-6th at Nuremberg 1906 (the 15th DSB Congress, Hauptturnier A, Savielly Tartakower won), and shared 2nd at Brno 1907 (the 2nd Czech Chess Championship, František Treybal won).
He won at Brno 1908, tied for 8-9th at Prague 1908 (B tournament, Karel Treybal won), took 2nd at Brno 1909, and took 6th at Prague 1909 (the 3rd CZE-ch, Oldřich Duras won). In 1909, he played three matches in Brno; drew with Karel Hromádka (3 : 3), beat A. Perna (4 : 0), and defeated M. Gargulak (2.5 : 0.5). He took 2nd at Brno 1911, tied for 5-7th at Breslau 1912 (the 18th DSB Congress, Hauptturnier B, Paul Krüger), won at Brno 1913, and won in the Mannheim 1914 chess tournament (the 19th DSB Congress, Hauptturnier B).
During World War I, he shared 3rd at Brünn (Brno) 1916, won at Brno 1917, and tied for 9-11th at Kaschau (Košice) 1918 (Richard Réti won). After the war, he won at Brno 1920, tied for 8-9th at Brno 1921 (the 2nd Czechoslovak Chess Championship, Hromádka won), took 3rd at Pistyan (Piešťany) 1922 (B tournament, Endre Steiner won), tied for 9-11th at Znojmo 1927 (Karel Opočenský won), and took 8th at Olomouc 1930 (Karl Gilg won).
# Parvatibai

Parvatibai (6 April 1734 – 23 September 1763) was second wife of Sadashivrao Bhau. She was from the Kolhatkar family of Pen and was married to Sadashivrao Bhau after the death of his first wife Umabai and hence became a member of the Peshwa family. She was also a trusted confidante of Shahuji. Her niece Radhikabai was married to Vishwasrao.

## Panipat Campaign

When the Marathas under Sadashivrao went to North India, she escorted her husband. On the way to Panipat, she performed pilgrimage at Mathura and Vrindavan, along with Nana Phadnavis and other women folks in Maratha camp. She was present in the final battle fought on 14 January 1761 and was successfully led out of the battlefield by some loyal men of Sadashivrao Bhau. She accidentally met Malharrao Holkar on her escape route, who carried her off safely to the south of river Chambal.

## Death of her Husband and aftermath

Her husband, Sadashivrao Bhau died in the Third Battle of Panipat. For the rest of her life, she refused to be a widow (as she had promised her husband before the battle).

## Death

She saw many ups and downs in the Maratha Empire and died when Madhavrao I was in power. She died in Pune due to Pneumonia and was treated as Sati of Sadashivrao Bhau after her death. She was cremated in Pune, however, the Marathas were not in a state to erect any monument of her. Her after-death rituals were done at her hometown, Pen.

## In popular culture

* Parvatibai was played by Shruti Marathe in the 2014 Marathi language movie Rama Madhav
* In the 2019 Hindi film, Panipat, she was portrayed by Kriti Sanon.
* Uma Hrishikesh portrays Parvatibai in the 2019 Marathi language series Swamini
* Seema Kelkar portrays Parvatibai in the 1994 Sanjay Khan epic serial The Great Maratha
# Parvati (disambiguation)

Parvati is a major goddess in Hinduism.
Parvati, Parvathi or Parvathy may also refer to:

## People and characters

* Parvati (given name), an Indian female given name (including a list of persons with the name)
* Parvati Wasatch, a name for the character in The Sopranos otherwise called Janice Soprano

## Places

* Parvati (Vidhan Sabha constituency), one of the Legislative Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra
* Parvati Hill, a hill in Pune, Maharashtra
* Parvati River (Himachal Pradesh)
* Parvati Valley, an Indian river valley in Himachal Pradesh
* Parvathi Puthannaar, a canal in Kerala
* Pin Parvati Pass, a mountain pass in Himachal Pradesh

## Other uses

* Parbati River (disambiguation)
* 2847 Parvati, a main-belt asteroid
# Pursuit (ship)

Several vessels have been named Pursuit:
* Pursuit (1795 ship) was launched at Whitby in 1795. She made two voyages for the British East India Company and then traded with the West Indies. She repelled one attack by a French privateer that caused severe casualties, but eventually an American privateer captured her in August 1812.
* Pursuit (1800 ship), of 192 tons (bm), was launched by R & J Bulmer, South Shields, in 1800. She first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in the volume for 1803, trading with the Baltic. She later began trading across the Atlantic. Lloyd's List reported at end-September 1812 that as Pursuit, Stroud, master, was sailing from Poole to New Brunswick, a United States privateer captured her and sent her to the United States. The privateer was Rapid, of Portland. Lloyd's Register for 1813 carried the annotation "captured" under Pursuit's name.
# John Pardee

John Pardee is an American screenwriter and television producer, and was an executive producer for Desperate Housewives.
During the 1990s, Pardee wrote episodes of several television series, including the cartoon Doug; the short-lived sitcoms Charlie Hoover, Thunder Alley, and The Crew; and Cybill Shepherd's sitcom Cybill. On The Crew and Cybill he also served as producer. When Desperate Housewives began in 2004, Pardee was one of the staff writers, and for the second year he was promoted to co-executive producer. Starting with the first episode of season four, he is now executive producer.
Pardee mostly works with Joey Murphy. The two wrote the script to the upcoming remake of Mad Monster Party.
He is close friends with Christian McLaughlin and Valerie Ahern.
# Pipkin Rock

Pipkin Rock is a small ice-free island, lying northeast of Dismal Island in the Faure Islands, Marguerite Bay. The Faure Islands were discovered and first charted in 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition under Charcot. The group was surveyed in 1949 by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) and so named from the insignificant size of the feature.
# Jan Joest

Jan Joest, also known as Jan Joest van Kalkar or Jan Joest van Calcar (between 1450 and 1460 – 1519), was a Dutch painter from either Kalkar or Wesel (both now in Germany), known for his religious paintings.

## Biography

Jan Joest was practically unknown until 1874, when two men, Jacob Anton Wolff [de] and Oskar Eisenmann, established his identity.
Not much of Joest's life is known beyond his paintings. He was the son of Heinrich Joest and Katharina Baegert, the sister of Derick Baegert, who was probably the first teacher of Joest. His greatest work, scenes of the life of Christ, were made between 1505 and 1508 on the high altar in St. Nicholai's Church in his hometown of Kalkar. Using documents found there, Wolff discovered that, in 1518, Joest worked in Cologne for the Hackeney family, before leaving, most likely for Italy, where he saw Genoa and Naples.
Joest then returned North, and settled in Haarlem. It is possible that this is the same person as Jan Joesten van Hillegom that registered in the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke in 1502 and who made a painting of Willibrord and Bavo of Ghent for the Egmond Abbey. The last edition of Adriaen van der Willingen's work of Haarlem painters mentions the burial of an artist there called "Jan Joosten" in 1519.
Two of Joest's apprentices were Barthel Bruyn (his brother-in-law) and Joos van Cleve. Karel van Mander's Schilder-boeck mentions an Ioan van Calcker (Jan van Calcar), living in Venice as a disciple of Titian in 1536–7. Karel van Mander further claimed that he illustrated the book of anatomy by Vesalius, and died in Naples in 1546.

## Work

Joest has been compared to David and Memling, but he more properly belongs to the school of Scorel. One of the features of Joest's work is the exquisite transparency of his coloring and the subtle and delicate modelling of the faces. Twenty panels painted by him can be seen in the church at Kalkar. Other works attributed to Joest are in Wesel and Rees, as well as the "Death of the Virgin" in and "Life of Kleitz" Munich.
# José Escalona

José M. Escalona (born January 7, 1986) is a Venezuelan professional baseball pitcher for the Parmaclima Parma of the Italian Baseball League.
In addition, Escalona played for the Italy national baseball team at the 2017 World Baseball Classic.

## Personal

Escalona's grandfather is Italian, enabling him to become a naturalized Italian citizen.
# Brusletten

Brusletten is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* C. L. Brusletten (1853–1929), Norwegian-born American banker, businessman, and politician
* Reidun Brusletten (born 1936), Norwegian politician
# Jiří Zimola

Jiří Zimola (born 28 March 1971) is a Czech Social Democrat politician, who served as Governor of the South Bohemian Region from 2008 until his resignation in 2017. Zimola left the Social Democratic Party in 2020 and became leader of a new party called Change 2020.

## Biography

He studied at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, working as a teacher after he finished his studies.

## Political career

Zimola entered politics in 1998 and became Mayor of Nová Bystřice. He became a member of the Czech Social Democratic Party in 2000. In 2008, Zimola became Governor of the South Bohemian region and gave up his position as Mayor. He was forced to resign in 2017 due to a controversy related to his cottage at Lipno nad Vltavou.
He founded a political platform called Let's save ČSSD after the 2017 legislative election.
# Pasi Wedman

Pasi Wedman (born March 21, 1975, in Kuusamo) is a Finnish sport shooter. He competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the men's 10 metre running target event, in which he placed fourth.
# Pink Bay

Pink Bay is a bay in the Australian state of South Australia and is located at the east end of Dudley Peninsula on Kangaroo Island overlooking Backstairs Passage in the gazetted locality of Willoughby about 110 kilometres (68 mi) south of the state capital of Adelaide and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Penneshaw.

## Description

Pink Bay is described as "a narrow, V-shaped bay" with a "40 m pocket of sand wedged inside." It opens into Moncrieff Bay, a larger bay occupying the waters between Cape St Albans in the north and Cape Willoughby in the east. The coastline on either side of Pink Bay is "predominantly composed of steep, 100 m high vegetated bluffs."
Its sandy beach is reported as being an unpatrolled swimming beach by Surf Life Saving Australia (SLSA) who considers it to be ‘least hazardous’ and that "it faces north and is somewhat protected, but does receive low swell." While the SLSA advises that most visitors to nearby Cape Willoughby come to "view the scenery and visit the lighthouse, with little use of the beaches," Sea Dragon Lodge, described as "a luxury boutique retreat" and located on land surrounding Pink Bay advises on its website that the beach has "private access."
Its name is derived from "the pink colouring in the local granite."

## History

Pink Bay was used as an access point by the South Australian Marine Board for goods and personnel for the Cape Willoughby Lighthouse from the early 1880s.
The property surrounding Pink Bay was originally leased and farmed by Tony Ebert from 1900 until 1918 when it was bought by Annie Louise Lashmar. It remained in the Lashmar family until 1998 when it was bought by Mike and Cherry Hobbs who planted many trees to revegetate the cleared farmland. In 2008 it was sold to Sea Dragon Lodge.

## Flora and fauna

Pink Bay has a diversity of fish life including: King George Whiting, Silver Whiting, Flathead, Salmon, Tommy Ruffs, Mullet, Blue Throated Wrasse, Squid, Yellowtail Kingfish & various sharks.

## Protected area status

As of late 2012, the waters adjoining its shoreline are within a habitat protection zone in the protected area known as the Encounter Marine Park.
# John Ramsden (historian)

John Ramsden (12 November 1947 – 16 October 2009) was Professor of History at Queen Mary, University of London until his retirement in 2008. He was an authority on the history of the Conservative Party.

## Biography

Ramsden was born in Sheffield, the son of Cyril Ramsden, who worked for the National Coal Board, and his wife Mary Ramsden. He attended King Edward VII School in 1959–1966, followed by Corpus Christi College, Oxford, where he graduated with a first in modern history.
Ramsden moved to Nuffield College, Oxford to pursue doctoral research on "the organisation of the Conservative Party in Britain 1910–30", under Robert Blake and David Butler. He then joined Queen Mary College, London, as a lecturer in history in January 1972. He remained at Queen Mary for the remainder of his career, being promoted to reader in 1980, and to a personal chair as Professor of Modern History in 1996.
Ramsden was also active in Conservative politics. He was chairman of the Wanstead and Woodford Conservative Association in 1980 and became a Redbridge councillor in 1982.
# Beer in Croatia

Beer is a popular beverage in Croatia. In 2010, Croatia was the 14th country in the world by beer consumption per capita. Approximately one half of the adult population are beer consumers.

## History

During antiquity and the Middle Ages, beer in Croatia received only sporadic mentions in historical sources, unlike Croatian wine. Its popularity rose in the 18th century, and industrial-scale production began only in the late 19th century. In the modern era, brewing has gained significant economic importance, generating a total of 2.4 billion HRK (c. €320 million) of revenue in 2007.

## Beer production and consumption

More than 90% of all beer sold in Croatia is domestically produced. There are many types and brands of beer in Croatia, though more than 90% of revenue is shared among six largest beer companies. The most popular beer is Ožujsko and the second most popular is Karlovačko. As of 2010s, there is a rising trend of craft beer consumption.

## Brands
### Osječko

Osječko is the first Croatian beer ever produced, and has been produced since 1697. The main factory is located in Osijek, from which the beer got its name.

### Karlovačko

Karlovačko is the second most popular beer in Croatia. It is also the national beer. This is due to the rapid marketing of the product after it was released. The factory is located in the city of Karlovac, which is where it gets its name. Since 2016, it has been owned by Heineken.

### Ožujsko

Ožujsko is the most popular beer in Croatia, with 10 bottles being consumed every second. It has been produced since 1892. The main factory is in Zagreb. As of 2012, the Ožujsko brand is now part of the MolsonCoors brewing company.

### Pan

Pan is a Carlsberg-owned beer company which has a variety of beers in the market, including lager, light, and lemon beer.

### Laško

Laško is a beer company, which is headquartered in Slovenia, but the beer is still popular in Croatia. There is a new factory in Split that produces the beer, but it is hard to find in Croatia. As of 2016 Laško is owned by the Heineken Brewing Company along with fellow Slovenian brand Union.

### Tomislav

Tomislav is the second strongest beer in Croatia, with a 7.3% alcohol content (The strongest is Grička Vještica with 7.5%). It's brewed by Zagrebačka pivovara like Ožujsko brands

### Velebitsko

Velebitsko is a popular beer brand from Croatia, brewed near Gospić on the Velebit mountains in Lika by the Pivovara Ličanka. The name is used for the pale lager which has an alcohol content of 5.1% and for the dark lager which has an alcohol content of 6.0%.

### Tars

Tars is the first real beer from Rijeka, brewed by Kaltenberg Adria brewery in Kukuljanovo. Tars is a lager produced according to the Bavarian purity law, Reinheitsgebot. The name of Tars comes from Tarsatica - the old part of Rijeka rising on a hill over the Rječina river.
# Pawnee State Recreation Area

Pawnee State Recreation Area (SRA) is a state recreation area in southeastern Nebraska, United States. The recreation area surrounds the 740 acres (3.0 km$^2$) Pawnee Lake, located approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Lincoln. The recreation area is managed by the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission. Pawnee Lake is the second largest of the Salt Valley Lakes.
In more recent years, swimming has been prohibited at times because of toxic algae.
# Pini people

The Pini or Nana, or more specifically the Birniridjara, also spelt Piniridjara and Biniridjara, are an Aboriginal Australian people of Western Australia.

## Country

Norman Tindale estimated Pini tribal lands to have encompassed approximately 14,000 square miles (36,000 km$^2$), west of Lake Carnegie and the ephemeral Lake Wells to its south. The land took in Erlistoun Creek and Lake Darlot. Their northern frontier ran as far as Wongawol and Princes Range

## Alternative names

* Piniiri
* Piniridjara, Biniridjara
* Pandjanu, Bandjanu (a toponym referring to what is known now as Bandya Station)
* Banjanu
* Tjubun
* Madutjara. (Nangatadjara exonym).
* Jabura. (Tjalkadjara exonym meaning "northerners.")
* Birni
* Buranudjara. (?)
* Nangaritjara (Tjalkadjara term for their language)
* Wordako. (apparently indicating the language of the Lake Darlot people).