OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Balanced ligamentous tension

Balanced ligamentous tension (also known as balanced ligamentous tension release, ligamentous articular strain, or simply BLT) is both an indirect and direct technique used in osteopathic manipulative medicine.

## History

The technique was reportedly invented by A.T. Still. It was later described by his students Rebecca Lippincott and William Garner Sutherland, who greatly expanded it. It was described in “Osteopathic Technique of William G. Sutherland,” which was published in the 1949 Year Book of Academy of Applied Osteopathy. According to Sutherland's model, all the joints in the body are balanced ligamentous articular mechanisms. The ligaments provide proprioceptive information that guides the muscle response for positioning the joint, and the ligaments themselves guide the motion of the articular components.

## Execution

The technique has many variants. The general prescription is to disengage and exaggerate the diagnosed somatic dysfunction. This is the indirect component. The practitioner then waits for a change in the palpatory quality of the structure being treated, i.e., a change in skin tension, temperature, or muscle tension. This is followed by a balancing stage in which the practitioner slowly brings the joint into the diagnosed restriction (the direct component).
# Balanced module

In the subfield of abstract algebra known as module theory, a right R module M is called a balanced module (or is said to have the double centralizer property) if every endomorphism of the abelian group M which commutes with all R-endomorphisms of M is given by multiplication by a ring element. Explicitly, for any additive endomorphism f, if fg = gf for every R endomorphism g, then there exists an r in R such that f(x) = xr for all x in M. In the case of non-balanced modules, there will be such an f that is not expressible this way.
In the language of centralizers, a balanced module is one satisfying the conclusion of the double centralizer theorem, that is, the only endomorphisms of the group M commuting with all the R endomorphisms of M are the ones induced by right multiplication by ring elements.
A ring is called balanced if every right R module is balanced. It turns out that being balanced is a left-right symmetric condition on rings, and so there is no need to prefix it with "left" or "right".
The study of balanced modules and rings is an outgrowth of the study of QF-1 rings by C.J. Nesbitt and R. M. Thrall. This study was continued in V. P. Camillo's dissertation, and later it became fully developed. The paper (Dlab & Ringel 1972) gives a particularly broad view with many examples. In addition to these references, K. Morita and H. Tachikawa have also contributed published and unpublished results. A partial list of authors contributing to the theory of balanced modules and rings can be found in the references.

## Examples and properties
### Examples

* Semisimple rings are balanced.
* Every nonzero right ideal over a simple ring is balanced.
* Every faithful module over a quasi-Frobenius ring is balanced.
* The double centralizer theorem for right Artinian rings states that any simple right R module is balanced.
* The paper (Dlab & Ringel 1972) contains numerous constructions of nonbalanced modules.
* It was established in (Nesbitt & Thrall 1946) that uniserial rings are balanced. Conversely, a balanced ring which is finitely generated as a module over its center is uniserial.
* Among commutative Artinian rings, the balanced rings are exactly the quasi-Frobenius rings.

### Properties

* Being "balanced" is a categorical property for modules, that is, it is preserved by Morita equivalence. Explicitly, if F(–) is a Morita equivalence from the category of R modules to the category of S modules, and if M is balanced, then F(M) is balanced.
* The structure of balanced rings is also completely determined in (Dlab & Ringel 1972), and is outlined in (Faith 1999, pp. 222–224).
* In view of the last point, the property of being a balanced ring is a Morita invariant property.
* The question of which rings have all finitely generated right R modules balanced has already been answered. This condition turns out to be equivalent to the ring R being balanced.
# Bahrenborstel

Bahrenborstel is a municipality in the district of Diepholz, in Lower Saxony, Germany.
It lies between the Dümmer Nature Park and the Steinhuder Nature Park, and roughly between Bremen and Minden. Approximately 7 km south of the community is the Great Moor. A few kilometers northwest runs a section of the Great Aue.
# Hector St Clair

Hector Alfred Tompins (21 May? - December 1932) professionally known as Hector St. Clair, was an English comedian and musician who came to Australia with the J.C Williamson Theatre company in 1921 and stayed there for the rest of his career, he was also a talented violinist He appeared in the film Prehistoric Hayseeds (1923). He also performed at the Prince Edward Theatre in Sydney, Australia on June 24, 1927. St. Clair had his own troupe called "The Ambassadors" and was known for his catchphrase "Isn't it awful", he appeared in both variety and musical comedy and also featured on radio. other than Williamson's he also toured with company's of Benjamin Fuller, the Tivoli circuit, George Marlow and Connors and Paul amongst numerous others, he died of lung cancer in December 1932.
# 13th man

13th man or thirteenth man may refer to:
* 13th man (Canadian football), like the 12th man in 11-player forms of football, a reference to fans of a 12-player Canadian football team
* The 13th Man, a 1937 American mystery film
* The Thirteenth Man, a 1917 Italian drama silent film
* 13th man rule, a provision in the American Basketball Association rulebook allowing each 12-man team to dress an extra player
# 13th meridian

13th meridian may refer to:
* 13th meridian east, a line of longitude east of the Greenwich Meridian
* 13th meridian west, a line of longitude west of the Greenwich Meridian
# Hell and Mr. Fudge

Hell and Mr. Fudge is a 2012 American drama film directed by Jeff Wood and written by Donald Davenport. Based on a true story, the film stars Mackenzie Astin as Edward Fudge, a real life Alabama preacher who has been hired to determine the nature of hell. The real life Fudge is best known for his book The Fire That Consumes, in which he argues against the immortal soul and eternal torment in hell.

## Cast

* Mackenzie Astin as Edward Fudge
** Cody Sullivan as young Edward
* Keri Lynn Pratt as Sara Fudge
* John Wesley Shipp as Bennie Lee Fudge
* Eileen Davidson as Sibyl Fudge
* Wes Robertson as Joe Mark
** Trevor Allen Martin as young Joe
* Helen Ingebritsen as Mrs. Herne
* Christian Fortune as Davy Hollis
* Sean McGowan as Don Haloway
* Tom Hillmann as Simon Clarage

## Production

Filming took place in Athens, Alabama in June and July 2011. The film had a scheduled release date of "first quarter 2012". Fudge cooperated in the film's development.

## Reception

In April 2012, the film received a Platinum award in the "Christian theatrical feature film" category at the Worldfest-Houston International Film Festival. The film's producers subsequently sought a distributor for a wider release.
# Mordellistena aureotaomentosa

Mordellistena aureotaomentosa is a beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1966 by Ermisch.
# Montmagny, Val-d'Oise

Montmagny (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department in Île-de-France in northern France.

## Transport

The north of Montmagny is served by the Deuil - Montmagny station and the south by the Épinay–Villetaneuse station, both on the Transilien Paris-Nord suburban rail network.
# Heinrich Brandes

Georg Heinrich Brandes (German:) was a German painter.

## Life

Brandes was born at Bortfeld, near Brunswick, on 23 May 1803, and learned the rudiments of painting under the guidance of F. Barthels at Brunswick. From 1823 to 1825 he attended the Academy of Munich, where he first devoted himself to historic painting under the tuition of Peter von Cornelius, but then turned his attention to landscapes.
On leaving the academy, he proceeded to the Tyrol. His pictures from the Bavarian mountains won him a reputation by their grandeur of disposition and effective colouring. In 1830-1 he visited Italy, and passed much of the time in Rome. On his return he settled down in Brunswick, and became a teacher of painting and design as well as gallery inspector at the Ducal Museum. In 1845, together with Neumann, he restored the murals in Brunswick Cathedral. He died at Brunswick on 6 October 1868.

## Works

His most important works include:
* View near Rome.
* Subiaco.
* The Inundation.
* Landscape in the Harz Mountains during a Thunderstorm.
* View near Salzburg (in the New Pinakothek at Munich).
# Ballerina with Action Man Parts

Ballerina with Action Man Parts is a 2007 sculpture by graffiti artist Banksy. In 2007, it sold for £96,000.
# 1680 in China

Events from the year 1680 in China.

## Incumbents

* Kangxi Emperor (19th year)

## Events

* The Revolt of the Three Feudatories continues.
** Sichuan and southern Shaanxi were retaken by the Han Chinese Green Standard Army under Wang Jinbao and Zhao Liangdong in 1680, with Manchu forces involved only in dealing with logistics and provisions, not combat.
** the provinces of Hunan, Guizhou, Guangxi, were also recovered by the Qing
** Wu Shifan retreated to Kunming in October
** Shang Zhixin was forced to commit suicide in 1680; of his thirty six brothers four were executed when he committed suicide while the rest of his family was allowed to live
** Zheng Jing's forces were defeated near Xiamen in 1680 and forced to withdraw to Taiwan.
* The Dzungar conquest of Altishahr resulted in the Tibetan Buddhist Dzungar Khanate in Dzungaria conquering and subjugating the Genghisid-ruled Chagatai Khanate in Altishahr (the Tarim Basin). It put a final end to the independence of the Chagatai Khanate
* Sino-Russian border conflicts

## Deaths

* Fu Honglie (傅弘烈; died AD 1680) was a native of Jiangxi, who gave his allegiance to the Manchus in 1657 and was employed as a Prefect, executed by Wu Shifan
* July 24 — Candida Xu (1607–1680) a Chinese Catholic. She has been called "arguably the most influential Chinese Christian woman of the seventeenth century."
* Shang Zhixin, (1636–1680) a major figure in the early Qing Dynasty, known for his role in the Revolt of the Three Feudatories. He was Prince of Pingnan (平南王, "Prince who Pacifies the South"), inheriting his position from his father, the surrendered Ming Dynasty general Shang Kexi
* Wang Shimin (王時敏; 1592–1680) was a Chinese landscape painter during the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty (1644–1911)
* Zhou Youde (周有德); courtesy name Yichu (彝初; Yíchú), was a Chinese official active in the early Qing dynasty as governor of various provinces
* Li Yu, (李漁; Lǐ Yú; 1610–1680 AD), also known as Li Liweng, was a Chinese playwright, novelist and publisher
# Anderson's crocodile newt

Anderson's crocodile newt, Anderson's newt, Ryukyu spiny newt, or Japanese warty newt (Echinotriton andersoni) is a species of salamander in the family Salamandridae found in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan, and, at least formerly, Mount Guanyin in northern Taiwan, where it is now believed to be extinct.

## Description

Echinotriton andersoni is a stout, flat salamander. Head is broad and triangular in shape. There are 12–15 conspicuous knob-like lateral glands. Colouration is uniformly dark brown or black, only the underside of the tail, cloacal region, and the soles of the feet are yellow-orange. The maximum size is at least 80 mm (3.1 in) in snout–vent length and 169 mm (6.7 in) in total length.

## Habitat and conservation

Its natural habitats are broad-leaved evergreen forests, secondary forests, grasslands and swamps. It has also been found in and near sugar cane fields. It breeds in standing water such as ponds and temporary pools; outside breeding season it is difficult to observe as adult salamanders live in leaf litter, in rocky crevices, and under rocks and logs.
Echinotriton andersoni is uncommon, and it is threatened by habitat loss and by collection for illegal pet trade.
# Anderson's shrew

Anderson's shrew (Suncus stoliczkanus) is a medium-sized species of shrew. It is light gray in color with yellow fur around the throat and pectoral region, comparatively large ears and a tail that measures about 50 – 70% of body length. This shrew species is widespread, found in India, Nepal, Pakistan and possibly Bangladesh, in gardens and grassy embankments near watercourses (Sindh and Punjab regions, India), under piles of brushwood in forest plantations (Punjab) as well as the bases of stone walls in Kathiawar (Roberts, 1977), and also in desert and arid country (Hutterer, 1993). As far as is known, the habits of the Anderson's shrew are largely nocturnal and solitary. Breeding may extend throughout the year.
# Mooskirchen

Mooskirchen is a municipality in the district of Voitsberg in the Austrian state of Styria.

## Geography

Mooskirchen liest southwest of Graz.
# Helen Rous

Helen Rous (1863– 23 March 1934) was a versatile Irish actor who played many times on the London stage. Her parts included supporting roles in works by Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw.

## Early life

The daughter of Alfred Shaw, she was born in Carlow and was educated at home and at Alexandra College. Kathleen Trousdell Shaw was her younger sister.

## Stage career

Rous was trained for the stage by Sarah Thorne of the Theatre Royal, Brighton. She made her debut in 1891, with the part of Pauline in The Black Doctor, an Ira Aldridge adaptation from a French original.
After two years in South Africa in a repertory company, Rous on returning to the United Kingdom toured with Otho Stuart and Alfred B. Tapping. In 1896 she played in London at the Royalty Theatre, with Arthur Bourchier and Violet Vanbrugh in The Queen's Proctor by Herman Charles Merivale.
Rous spent some years in touring England and the USA, with London roles. Her 1897 Mrs O'Gallagher in The Strange Adventures of Miss Brown, a "farcical comedy" by Robert Buchanan and Charles Marlowe at the Elephant and Castle Theatre, was reviewed in The Era as "a brisk, bright, and humorous performance". Parts around 1900 included Mrs Candour in a Haymarket Theatre tour of School for Scandal, and Mrs Crossley Beck in A Wife's Peril, an adaptation of Victorien Sardou's Nos Intimes. In 1901 she played in Lion Hunters with Harry Brodribb Irving and Nina Boucicault, at Terry's Theatre; it was a translation of Édouard Pailleron's satire Le Monde où l'on s'ennuie. There followed more London work, and in 1905–6 she was in a tour with John Hare that took her to the Gaiety Theatre, Dublin.
In 1908 Rous was with Granville Barker in a touring production of Shaw's Man and Superman, playing Mrs. Whitfield. In 1909 she played Lady Bracknell in George Alexander's revival of The Importance of Being Earnest, well-reviewed as "unimpeachable" with "well-bred severity". The Edwardian role of Lady Bracknell was well-dressed, and Rous was considered "elegant and gracious" in the part. That year she was in Christabel Marshall's suffragist play How The Vote Was Won, as Miss Lizzie Wilkins.
By 1911 Rous was established in grande dame parts: she had appeared "in these particular parts for several years under John Hare and Charles Frohman, and most of the leading London managements." In a successful 1912 curtain raiser The Dusty Path by Wilfred Coleby, for Charles Maude at the Playhouse Theatre, she played Mrs. Posthurst, "whose appearance and manner suggested a well-known member of the Feminist Movement."
In 1917 Rous played Dame Ursula in The Aristocrat by Louis N. Parker, once more with George Alexander in what was his farewell to the theatre. The run was affected by air raids.

## Death

Helen Rous died on 23 March 1934, remembered as a "well-known actress".
# Attorney General Drummond

Attorney General Drummond may refer to:
* Josiah Hayden Drummond (1827–1902), Attorney General of Maine
* Lewis Thomas Drummond (1813–1882), Attorney-General of the Province of Canada
* Gentner Drummond (1963- ), Attorney-General of Oklahoma
# 1926 Miami Hurricanes football team

The 1926 Miami Hurricanes football team represented the University of Miami during the 1926 college football season. The team was only a freshman team, but was the first to play football for the university.
Before their first season began, plans for a 50,000-seat stadium were proposed by Bowman Foster Ashe, the university's first president. Work began on a temporary, 8,000-seat structure when on September 17, 1926, a hurricane destroyed much of South Florida, killing more than 130 people, and removing the plans for a football stadium. This postponed the season, but also gave the team its nickname, the Miami Hurricanes.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 30 | Rollins | | W 7–0 |
| November 6 | Florida Southern | | W 12–0 |
| November 13 | Mercer | | W 22–6 |
| November 20 | Stetson | | W 20–0 |
| November 25 | Havana | | W 23–0 |
| November 27 | Loyola (LA) | | W 6–0 |
| December 24 | at Havana | Havana, Cuba | W 23–0 |
| January 1 | Howard (AL) freshmen | | W 9–7 |
# Arturo Longton

Arturo Longton may refer to:
* Arturo Longton (politician)
* Arturo Longton (television personality)
# Hermann Brunner

SS-Sturmbannführer Herman Brunner was a recurrent supporting character from the popular Polish TV series More Than Life at Stake (Stawka większa niż życie). Played by Emil Karewicz, he was the chief antagonist to the main character, Stanislaw Kolicki, a Polish spy impersonating a Nazi agent called Hans Kloss.

## Character description

A Sicherheitsdienst (sometimes incorrectly linked to Gestapo) officer in occupied Poland during World War II, Brunner is a ruthless Nazi official, who sometimes works with Lieutenant (later Captain) Hans Kloss of Abwehr, who is really Major Stanislaw Kolicki of Polish intelligence.
A "likable villain" who provides comic relief, Brunner is best known for the line, translated as, "I cannot look at a beaten man...if someone else is beating."

## Storylines

Near end of the war he tries to kidnap a renowned German professor, a specialist in rocket technology, in order to sell him to the western allies in exchange for his own safety and other benefits.

## Popularity

Although he appeared in just 5 of 18 episodes, Brunner became as popular a character as Kloss, sometimes even more popular. Despite his multiple sinister acts (in addition to his work in a repressive regime, he was also involved in an armed robbery, which left the wife of a high ranking NSDAP official dead), Brunner in part was a likeable character, due to his rascal-like sense of humor, and his lack of obvious involvement in violence on screen.
Many of Brunner's lines in the series are still widely known and quoted in Poland, for example:
* I hate to watch a man being beaten... unless I am beating him myself.
* Hello Hans, I knew I would find you here.
* Remember I'm always your friend, Hans.
* Brunner senses women and alcohol from a kilometer away.
# 142nd Division (3rd Formation) (People's Republic of China)

142nd Army Division (Chinese: 陆军第142师)(3rd Formation) was formed in November 1969 and designated in December.
The division directly belonged to the Guangzhou Military Region, while it was administered by the 42nd Army Corps. It was stationed in Huiyang, Guangdong for an agricultural production mission.
In March 1977 the division was disbanded and absorbed by Independent Division of Guangdong Provincial Military District.
# HD 83380

HD 83380 (HR 3833) is an orange-hued star in the southern constellation of Antlia. It shines faintly with a apparent magnitude of 5.62 when viewed in ideal conditions. Parallax measurements place the object at distance of 312 light-years. It has a heliocentric radial velocity of −2.6 km/s, indicating that it is drifting towards the Solar System.
HD 83380 has a stellar classification of K1 III, indicating that it is an evolved red giant. Gaia DR3 stellar evolution models place the object on the red giant branch. At present it has 2.17 times the mass of the Sun and an enlarged radius of 10.3 R$_☉$. It shines with a luminosity 55 times greater than the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,905 K. HD 83380 is slightly metal enriched with a metallicity 126% that of the Sun. It spins with a projected rotational velocity too low to be measured accurately, and is believed to be a member of the thin disk population.
The multiplicity status of HD 83380 isn't generally agreed on. De Mederios et al. (2014) found it to be a probable spectroscopic binary while Eggleton and Tokovinin (2008) list it as a solitary star.
# Alberoni

Alberoni may refer to
* Alberoni (Venezia) [it], human settlement in Lido di Venezia, Italy
* Alberoni (surname), Italian surname
* Collegio Alberoni, Roman Catholic seminary located in Piacenza, Italy
* Ottagono Alberoni [it], island in the Venetian Lagoon, Italy
# Albero III of Kuenring

Albero III of Kuenring, (1115/18–15 August 1182), was a ministerialis from the noble house of Kuenring in Austria. He was the first-born son of Albero I of Kuenring, who died around 1118.

## Issue

Albero married a woman named Elizabeth and they had two children:
* Hadmar II of Kuenring
* Gisela (died after 1192), who married Leutwin of Sonnberg (died after 1190/92)
# Michael Fenton

Michael or Micky Fenton may refer to:
* Michael Fenton (politician) (1789–1874), colonial Tasmania politician, first Speaker of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
* Micky Fenton (1913–2003), England international footballer for Middlesbrough
* Michael Fenton, see Green Party of Ontario candidates, 1995 Ontario provincial election
* Micky Fenton (jockey) (born 1972), jockey