OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# C. L. Brown

Cleyson Leroy Brown (February 3, 1872 - November 12, 1935) was a telephone company co-founder, financier, innovator, and philanthropist in the United States. He founded Brown Telephone Company, which then became the Sprint Corporation.
Brown, whose name was often abbreviated to C. L. Brown, was a welfare capitalist and benefactor of the community of Abilene, Kansas. A pioneer in Kansas electrification and telephony, Brown consolidated and expanded many early telephone systems, power generation plants, and electrical distribution systems in Kansas and other states. One of his legacy companies, United Telecommunications, merged with Southern Pacific Communications to form Sprint Corporation. Parts of his social legacy endure two miles south of Abilene in the Brown Memorial Home for the Aged and in Camp Brown, the Coronado Area Council scout camp at Abilene. Brown's mill/power dam on Turkey Creek is still a cornerstone of the adjoining Brown Memorial Park.

## Early life

Brown's father, Jacob Brown was a grist mill owner. Brown lost his arm when he was ten in a mill accident. He had worked as a teacher and also managed a creamery in Wichita. Brown first built a local electric company, Abilene Electric Light Works to generate electricity from the Smoky Hill River.

## Entrepreneurship and philanthropy

Cleyson Brown founded the Brown Telephone Company in 1899 in Abilene, Kansas with his brother Jacob Brown. The local request to start a phone company to challenge the local Bell Telephone company was only five years after the Bell Telephone patents had expired. It is lately known as Sprint.

## Other ventures

Brown then ventured into shoe stores, grocery stores, gravel and sand company, hotels, news service, and broadcast station, insurance companies and oil concerns creating an empire.
He also formed the Brown Memorial Foundation (1926) in memory of his parents. A park in around 200 acres was built for the public for free, which included an amusement park with a lake, zoo, golf course, tennis courts, and other attractions.
# Januario Antonio de Carvalho

Januario Antonio de Carvalho (1830–1900) was a prominent member of the Portuguese community in Hong Kong during the late 19th century. He arrived in Hong Kong from Macao in 1842, and later became the Chief Cashier of the Colonial Treasurer of Hong Kong. On October 7, 1878, he was nominated by the Governor General of Hong Kong John Pope Hennessy to be Colonial Treasurer (with a seat in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong). He would have been the first Portuguese member of the council, but his nomination was met with indignation from the British Home Office, which viewed Carvalho as an "alien" because of his Portuguese descent and thus unsuited for the position. After his rejection, Hennessy appointed Carvalho a Justice of the Peace. Carvalho later petitioned for, and was granted, status as a naturalized British subject on December 28, 1883.

## Family relationships

Carvalho married Mariana Joaquina Braga, daughter of another prominent Portuguese family (Braga, originally from Macao) resident in Hong Kong. They had six children: Sarah Maria (b. 1857), Josephina Maria (b. 1858), Maria Pulqueria (b. 1860), Edmundo Arthur (b. 1860), Edith Maria (b. 1862), and Carlos Francisco (b. 1867). Josephina Maria and Maria Pulcheria did not marry.
Sarah married Sr. Rodrigues and had three children, Bernadete Maria Rodrigues, Luis Gonzaga Rodrigues, and Geovanina Maria Rodrigues—all of whom lived and died in Hong Kong.
Edmundo married Clara Evangelina Noronha (granddaughter of Delfino Noronha—owner of the colonial printing press and leader of the Portuguese community in Hong Kong) and later became the Chief Cashier of Hong Kong like his father. As the Second World War approached, Edmundo left Hong Kong for France, and later Portugal. He and Clara had two sons, Robert and Arthur. Robert (Los Angeles) died at the age of 30. Arthur (San Francisco) had three children: George (Pulitzer Prize winning journalist for the San Francisco Chronicle), Virginia (first female photojournalist for the San Francisco Chronicle), and Juanita. Descendants of Robert and Arthur live today in California, Washington State, and Ohio.
Carlos married Guilhermina (Nina) Cabral (daughter of the Colonial Treasurer of Macao) and became director general of the Hong Kong Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC), based in Shanghai. Carlos died in 1925 in Hong Kong.
Januario Carvalho's older brother Marcos (1826-1882) owned an estate called Craigengower on Caine Road in Hong Kong, which later became the Craigengower Cricket Club in Happy Valley, Hong Kong.
# Breitensteinia cessator

Breitensteinia cessator is a species of catfish of the family Akysidae. A detailed discussion of this species's relationship with the other species in the genus can be found at Breitensteinia.
# Pan-Caribbean

The concept of a "pan-Caribbean" culture area refers to recent proposals by an international group of archaeologists to the effect that contacts among Pre-Columbian peoples of the Yucatán Peninsula, the Antilles, Central America, and northern South America may have been more extensive than heretofore acknowledged. A pan-Caribbean perspective seeks to emphasize the importance of considering information from the a broad area, one characterized as "the American Mediterranean," in evaluating issues of mobility, exchange, linguistics, ideology, art, material culture, and identity. The pan-Caribbean area was one whose peoples interacted regularly with those of Mesoamerica, the Isthmo-Colombian area, and the Amazon basin, creating a context that had significant effects on culture change throughout a large portion of the Americas.
The culture of the Caribbean people as practiced and experienced among the islands of the Caribbean sea, that stretch from the Bahamas in the north to the mainland shores of the Guianas in the south. Caribbean anthropologist, like their colleagues in sociology, history, geography, political science, are increasingly expanding the frontiers of their respective disciplines to overlap and encompass previous academic boundaries in their quest to effectively represent and interpret the heterogeneity of the Caribbean experience. In terms of the social context of Caribbean people, an increasingly important issue archeologists are addressing relates to the identification of culture diversity. In recent years, a growing body of indigenous voices in Caribbean archeology is expressing disdain for and resistance to the hegemony of colonialist interpretations of Caribbean pre-Columbian history. As such, new historical frameworks and visions of past dynamics have become centers of active scholarship in Caribbean archeology.
# Berrien County

Berrien County may refer to:

## Counties

Berrien County is the name of two counties in the United States, both named for John M. Berrien:
* Berrien County, Georgia
* Berrien County, Michigan

## Other uses

* Berrien County School District, Berrien County, Georgia, USA
# Otto II, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg

Otto II, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg, nicknamed the Younger, or the Famous (25 September 1528, in Celle – 26 October 1603, in Harburg) was from 1549 until his death the Duke of Brunswick-Harburg.

## Life

Otto was the eldest son of the Duke Otto I of Brunswick-Harburg (1495–1549) from his marriage to Metta von Campen (died 1580). Otto received a princely education.
The House of Brunswick-Lüneburg did not recognize Otto's right to inherit his father's lordship on the grounds that the marriage between his parents had been morganatic. Supported by Emperor Ferdinand I, Otto repeatedly renewed his demands and in 1560, he was finally confirmed as his father's successor as ruler of the Lordship of Harburg. His territory was even extended with neighbouring Moisburg.
Otto continued his father's construction project at Harburg Castle and transformed it into a princely residence. He moved in permanently in 1551. In 1560, he began developing the castle chapel. To finance his activities, he raised taxes and levied special taxes, which led to dissatisfaction. From 1561 to 1577, the population of his territory shrank, due to the plague. Otto did not allow Jews and Christians of other denominations to settle in his country.
He built a salt magazine, in order to promote the salt trade with Lüneburg. This, however, did not enjoy the success he had expected.

## Marriages and issue

On 8 September 1551, Otto married his first wife, Margaret (1530–1559), daughter of Count John Henry of Schwarzburg-Leutenberg. She died in childbirth on 16 March 1559. They had the following children:
* Elisabeth (1553–1618)
    married in 1582 Count Erik Brahe of Visingsborg (1552–1614)
* Otto Henry (1555–1591)
    married in 1588 Marie d'Henin-Lietard (d. 1606)
* John Frederick (born: 23 February 1557; died: 21 February 1619), waived his right to rule Harburg
* Unnamed daughter (born: 18 March 1559; died shortly after birth)
Afterwards, Otto married on 8 October 1562 with his second wife, Hedwig (1535–1616), daughter of Count Enno II of East Frisia, with whom he had the following children:
* William Augustus (1564–1642), Duke of Brunswick-Harburg
* Enno (1565–1600)
* Anna Margaret (1567–1643), Provost of the Quedlinburg Abbey
* Henry (1568–1569)
* Hedwig (1569–1620)
* Christopher (1570–1606), Duke of Brunswick-Harburg
    married in 1604 princess Elisabeth of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1567–1618)
* Otto III (1572–1641), Duke of Brunswick-Harburg
    married in 1621 Princess Hedwig of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1580–1657).
* Johann (1573–1625)
* Elisabeth (1574–1575)
* Catherine Sophia (1577–1665)
    married Count Jobst Herman of Schaumburg (1575–1634)
* Frederick (1578–1605), killed in battle
* Augustus Frederick (1580–1580)

## Ancestors

Ancestors of Otto II, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg :
# Camille Thoman

Camille Thoman is an English director and writer best known for her thriller Never Here, starring Mireille Enos and Sam Shepard, and her PBS documentary The Longest Game.. Thoman's solo performance pieces have been performed by her at The Young Vic in London and broadcast on the BBC.
# Buurgplaatz

Buurgplaatz (alternate names: Buergplaatz, Burrigplatz, Burgplatz, Buergplaz zu Huldang) is a hill in the commune of Troisvierges, in northern Luxembourg. The 559-metre-high (1,834 ft) summit lies within the Éislek region at 50°09′41″N 6°01′41″E﻿ / ﻿50.1615°N 6.0281°E﻿ / 50.1615; 6.0281.
In 1952 the Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière declared Buurgplaatz the highest point in Luxembourg. Previously Napoléonsgaard hill at 547 m (1,795 ft), located in the Canton of Redange, was considered the highest point.
In 1997 Buurgplaatz lost its status as highest point after GPS survey determined Kneiff at 560 m (1,840 ft) was 1m higher.
The declaration plaque on the summit remains and Buurgplaatz may still be erroneously considered the highest point in Luxembourg.
# Bangial

Bangial is a Punjabi Rajput Muslim tribe, found principally in the Potohar region of Punjab, Pakistan. They are also present in Gujrat and Gujranwala districts in Punjab.
# 2021 Belgrade Challenger – Men's doubles

This was the first of the three tournaments held in Belgrade for the 2021 tennis season. Belgrade also hosted a joint ATP/WTA tournament.
Guillermo Durán and Andrés Molteni won the title after defeating Tomislav Brkić and Nikola Ćaćić 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

## Seeds

* Santiago González / Divij Sharan (first round)
* Luke Bambridge / Dominic Inglot (first round)
* Tomislav Brkić / Nikola Ćaćić (final)
* Nicholas Monroe / John-Patrick Smith (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | S González D Sharan | 3 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Erlich A Vasilevski | 6 | 6 | | | J Erlich A Vasilevski | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | L Glasspool H Heliövaara | 6 | 4 | [5] | | A Sitak D Vega Hernández | 1 | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Sitak D Vega Hernández | 2 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | J Erlich A Vasilevski | 6 | 5 | [9] | | | | |
| 4 | N Monroe J-P Smith | 7 | 4 | [0] | | | | | | G Durán A Molteni | 3 | 7 | [11] | | | | |
| | G Durán A Molteni | 5 | 6 | [10] | | G Durán A Molteni | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Begemann A Vavassori | 7 | 6 | | | A Begemann A Vavassori | 2 | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| | N Lammons J Withrow | 5 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | G Durán A Molteni | 6 | 6 |
| WC | H Međedović M Topo | 5 | 6$^3$ | | | | | | | | | | | 3 | T Brkić N Ćaćić | 4 | 4 |
| | R Jebavý I Zelenay | 7 | 7$^7$ | | | R Jebavý I Zelenay | 6$^6$ | 3 | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | V Troicki M Zekić | 4 | 2 | | 3 | T Brkić N Ćaćić | 7$^8$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | T Brkić N Ćaćić | 6 | 6 | | | | | | 3 | T Brkić N Ćaćić | 6 | 7$^8$ | | | | | |
| WC | M Miladinović M Tepavac | 3 | 2 | | | | | | | F Bagnis F Cerúndolo | 0 | 6$^6$ | | | | | |
| | A Göransson J O'Mara | 6 | 6 | | | A Göransson J O'Mara | 3 | 3 | | | | | | | | | |
| | F Bagnis F Cerúndolo | 4 | 7$^{11}$ | [11] | | F Bagnis F Cerúndolo | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | L Bambridge D Inglot | 6 | 6$^9$ | [9] | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Paizay-Naudouin-Embourie

Paizay-Naudouin-Embourie (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Charente department in southwestern France.
# Benzothiadiazole

Benzothiadiazole may refer to:
* Acibenzolar-S-methyl
* 1,2,3-Benzothiadiazole
* 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole
# 2015 Istanbul Open – Doubles

This is the first edition of the tournament. Radu Albot and Dušan Lajović won the title, defeating Robert Lindstedt and Jürgen Melzer in the final, 6–4, 7–6$^{(7–2)}$.

## Seeds

* Robert Lindstedt / Jürgen Melzer (final)
* Oliver Marach / Philipp Oswald (quarterfinals)
* Chris Guccione / Andre Sá (semifinals)
* Mate Pavić / Michael Venus (quarterfinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | R Lindstedt J Melzer | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Alt | F Chervyakov M Fynn | 2 | 2 | | 1 | R Lindstedt J Melzer | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | | |
| | F Martin P Raja | 2 | 3 | | | A Bury T Gabashvili | 1 | 5 | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Bury T Gabashvili | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 1 | R Lindstedt J Melzer | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| 4 | M Pavić M Venus | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | M Daniell S Giraldo | 2 | 1 | | | | |
| | S Betov A Kuznetsov | 3 | 4 | | 4 | M Pavić M Venus | 2 | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| | B Kavčič D Schwartzman | 7 | 2 | [3] | | M Daniell S Giraldo | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | M Daniell S Giraldo | 5 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | 1 | R Lindstedt J Melzer | 4 | 6$^2$ |
| | A Golubev D Istomin | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | R Albot D Lajović | 6 | 7$^7$ |
| | M Kukushkin A Nedovyesov | 3 | 4 | | | A Golubev D Istomin | 3 | 3 | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | T Altuna N Basilashvili | 3 | 2 | | 3 | C Guccione A Sá | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | C Guccione A Sá | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 3 | C Guccione A Sá | 4 | 6$^5$ | | | | |
| | R Albot D Lajović | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | R Albot D Lajović | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | |
| WC | M İlhan C İlkel | 3 | 3 | | | R Albot D Lajović | 6$^9$ | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | |
| | J Brunström J Erlich | 5 | 5 | | 2 | O Marach P Oswald | 7$^{11}$ | 2 | [8] | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | O Marach P Oswald | 7 | 7 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Oxycanus altenai

Oxycanus altenai is a moth of the family Hepialidae. It is found in New Guinea.
# Open source (disambiguation)

Open source products include permission to use the source code, design documents, or content of the product.
Open source may also refer to:

## Computing
### Software

* Open-source license, a type of license for computer software and other products that allows the source code, blueprint or design to be used, modified and/or shared under defined terms and conditions
* Open-source model, a decentralized software development model
* Open-source software, a type of computer software in which source code is released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the rights to study, change, and distribute it
* Free and open-source software, openly shared source code that is licensed without any restrictions on usage, modification, or distribution

### Hardware

* Open-source hardware, or open hardware, computer hardware, such as microprocessors, that is designed in the same fashion as open source software
* Open-source robotics, physical artifacts of the subject are offered by the open design movement
* Open-source product development, collaborative product and process openness of open-source hardware for any interested participants

## Manufacturing

* Open-source appropriate technology, is designed for environmental, ethical, cultural, social, political, economic, and community aspects
* Open-source architecture, emerging procedures in imagination and formation of virtual and real spaces within an inclusive universal infrastructure
* Open-source cola, cola soft drinks made to open-sourced recipes
* Open Source Ecology, a network of farmers, engineers, architects and supporters striving to manufacture the Global Village Construction Set

## Media

* Open-source film, open source movies
* Open-source journalism, a spectrum on online publications, various publishing forms, and content voting
* Open-source record label, open source music
* "Open Source", a 1960s rock song performed by The Magic Mushrooms
* Open Source (film), an American action thriller film
* Open Source (radio show), a radio show using open content information gathering methods hosted by Christopher Lydon
* "Open Source", a 2020 album released by Brazilian Heavy Metal guitarist Kiko Loureiro

## Other uses

* Open-source intelligence, data collected from publicly available sources
* Open-source curriculum, an online instructional resource that can be freely used, distributed and modified
* Open-source governance, open source in government
* Open Source Order of the Golden Dawn, an esoteric community
* Open-source religion, in the creation of belief systems
* Open-source unionism, a model for labor union organization
# Iowa Law Review

The Iowa Law Review is a law review published five times annually by the University of Iowa College of Law. It was established in 1915 as the Iowa Law Bulletin. It is ranked 17th among 1550 journals indexed in the W&L ranking. The journal has been student-edited since 1935.

## History

The Iowa Law Review has its origins in the Iowa Law Bulletin. The original Bulletin series was published from 1891 to 1900 by faculty. The Bulletin was reinstated in 1915, edited by both faculty members and students. It changed its name to Iowa Law Review in 1925, indicating that the journal's focus would be on Iowa legal issues, but "occasionally an article of general scope [would] appear." Indeed, it has published on topics of national and international law.

## Projects

In 1933, the Iowa Law Review became the first law review to publish a symposium (on administrative law), which was entitled "Administrative Law Based upon Legal Writings 1931-1933." Since then, the journal has continued to hold symposia on issues of national importance.
In 1968, the Iowa Law Review began the "Contemporary Studies Project". These projects were large-scale, usually empirically based, and often lasted for more than one year. Some of the projects have received national recognition and/or have affected legislation and judicial reforms in Iowa and around the country. An examples is Facts and Fallacies About Iowa Civil Commitment (Iowa Law Review 55:895, 1970; leading to a revision in 1975 of Iowa's civil commitment laws). Two studies (A Comparison of Iowans' Dispositive Preferences with Selected Provisions of the Iowa and Uniform Probate Codes, Iowa Law Review 63:1041, 1978; The Iowa Small Claims Court: an Empirical Analysis, Iowa Law Review 75:433, 1990) have been widely cited and relied upon in law review articles and by courts throughout the US.

## Recognition

The Iowa Law Review has been widely cited for its legal research, theory, and analysis. Recent notable citations include the Iowa Supreme Court's citation of an Iowa Law Review student note in its April 2009 decision of Varnum v. Brien, which struck down the state's ban on gay marriage. Also, in its January 2010 decision of Citizens United v. FEC, the United States Supreme Court (Justices Scalia and Stevens in separate concurring opinions) cited Randall P. Bezanson, Institutional Speech, 80 Iowa Law Review 735, 775 (1995). Shortly thereafter the United States Supreme Court cited Jenny Roberts, Ignorance Is Effectively Bliss: Collateral Consequences, Silence, and Misinformation in the Guilty-Plea Process, 95 Iowa Law Review 119, 124 n.15 (2009), in its March 2010 decision of Padilla v. Kentucky.
# Pitts Special (roller coaster)

Pitts Special is a roller coaster made by Gerstlauer for the PowerPark amusement park in Alahärmä, Finland. The ride opened during the summer of 2020. The ride has a vertical 43-meter-high lifting hill right at the beginning, after which the train accelerates immediately to its top speed of 100 kilometers per hour.
# Buddenbrooks (disambiguation)

Buddenbrooks is a 1901 novel by Thomas Mann.
Buddenbrooks or The Buddenbrooks may also refer to:
* The Buddenbrooks (1923 film), a 1923 silent film directed by Gerhard Lamprecht
* The Buddenbrooks (1959 film), a 1959 drama film directed by Alfred Weidenmann
* Buddenbrooks (film), a 2008 drama film directed by Heinrich Breloer
* The Buddenbrooks (TV series), a 1979 drama television series