OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Air Cut

Air Cut is the fourth studio album by Curved Air and was recorded in 1973, following the departure of three of the band's founding members. Only Sonja Kristina and Mike Wedgwood remained in the band from their previous album and Air Cut took them in a more rock-oriented direction.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
While offering high praise for the track "Metamorphosis", AllMusic's reaction to the album was otherwise lukewarm, stating that most of the songs were straightforward rock numbers and "pictured a group trying to widen its audience without sounding convinced it was the right thing to do." It concluded that Air Cut's main point of interest is the debut of Eddie Jobson.

## Personnel
### Curved Air

* Sonja Kristina – lead (1-4, 6, 8) and backing (7) vocals, acoustic guitar (2)
* Eddie Jobson – electric violin, backing vocals (6), VCS3 synthesizer, mellotron, pianos, organ, harpsichord (2)
* Kirby Gregory – guitars, bass guitar (4), backing vocals
* Mike Wedgwood – bass guitar (all but 4), acoustic guitar (4), backing and lead (7, 8) vocals
* Jim Russell – drums

### Additional credits

* Artwork design by Modula
* Artwork illustration based on drawing by Ian Fink
* Engineer – Paul "The Rock" Hardiman
* Photography – Mal Linwood-Ross & Mike Putland
# National Youth Council Singapore

The National Youth Council (NYC) is an autonomous agency under the Ministry of Culture, Community and Youth set up by the Government of Singapore as the national co-ordinating body for youth affairs in Singapore.

## Background

The National Youth Council (NYC) was established on 1 November 1989 to be the central body responsible for the planning, coordination and management of youth affairs, based on the recommendations of the Advisory Council on Youth (Feb 1988 – Feb 1989) chaired by Lee Hsien Loong and approved by then First Deputy Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong. It was expanded from the National Youth Coordinating Committee that was a non-executive body with no policy making powers, and would be placed under People's Association (PA).
On 1 January 2015, NYC was taken out of PA and restructured as an autonomous agency under the Ministry of Culture, Community and Youth (MCCY) with the addition of two operational divisions – Outward Bound Singapore, which conducts national-level outdoor adventure-based education and leadership programmes, and the Youth Corps Singapore which runs youth volunteering and service leaders programmes. This would serve to strengthen NYC's national role as the central agency for youth development and engagement, broadening its reach to more diverse young people and partnering with youth sector organisations.
Edwin Tong, Minister for Culture, Community and Youth is the chairperson of the 16th Council. The Council comprises members from various government ministries, youth organisations, academic institutions, voluntary welfare organisations, media and private sector organisations.
David Chua is the current chief executive officer of the organisation.
# Annie Palmer

Annie Palmer may refer to:
* Annie Palmer (EastEnders)
* Annie Palmer (White Witch of Rose Hall)
# Anamo, New Guinea

Anamo, also known as Paup, is a village on the north coast of Papua New Guinea in the Sandaun Province. It is a coastal settlement that is located to the east of Aitape, at the mouth of the Driniumor River. It is located in the East Aitape Rural LLG.

## History

The Battle of Driniumor River took place around Anamo in 1944. Gerald L. Endl was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions near Anamo. During the battle, the Americans suffered almost 3,000 casualties including 440 killed while the Japanese lost 8,000–10,000 men.
# Arthur William Rogers

Arthur William Rogers (5 June 1872 in Bishops Hull near Taunton, Somerset – 23 June 1946 in Mowbray, Cape Town, Cape Province) was a British and South African geologist. He was Director of the Geological Survey of South Africa.

## Career

Rogers studied at the University of Cambridge. From 1895 he was in South Africa, first in 1896–1902 as Assistant Geologist, from 1902–1911 as Geologist, and from 1911–1916 as Assistant Director of the Cape of Good Hope Geological Commission. In 1916 in Pretoria he became Director of the Geological Survey of South Africa, in which capacity he remained until his retirement in 1932. During his directorship, the International Congress of Geologists met in South Africa in 1929.
Initially, under the direction of Professor E. H. L. Schwarz, Rogers charted remote regions of the Cape Province to the borders of the Kalahari. In the Transvaal, he mapped the gold fields of Heidelberg and Klerksdorp.
In 1931 he received the Wollaston Medal of the Geological Society of London. In 1918 he was elected FRS. In 1935–1936 he was President of the Royal Society of South Africa.

## Works

* An introduction to the geology of Cape Colony, Longmans, Green and Co., 1905, Online
* The pioneers in South African Geology and their work, Geological Society of South Africa 1937

## Sources

* W. J. de Kock (ed.) Dictionary of South African Biography, vol. 1, p. 677
# Millingtonia

Millingtonia hortensis, the tree jasmine or Indian cork tree, is the sole species in the genus Millingtonia, a tree native to South Asia and South East Asia.
In the name Millingtonia hortensis, Millingtonia is named for Sir Thomas Millington who was an inspiration to Carl Linnaeus the Younger who first described the genus. The specific epithet 'hortensia' derives from 'hortensis' and 'hortus' which in Latin is related to the garden. In its synonym, Bignonia suberosa, 'suberosa' derives from 'suberos' which means 'corky' in Latin.
Millingtonia Avenue in Lucknow is named after Millingtonia hortensis.

## Description

The tree grows to a height of between 18 and 25 metres and has a spread of 7 to 11 metres. It reaches maturity between 6 and 8 years of age and lives for up to 40 years. It is a versatile tree which can grow in various soil types and climates with a preference for moist climates. Like Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, it blooms in night and sheds during morning. Flowers give very pleasant smell.

### Stem

The tree is evergreen and has an elongated pyramidal stem. The soft, yellowish-white wood is brittle and can break under strong gusts of wind.

### Leaf

The leaf is imparipinnate and resembles that of the neem. Leaves are prone to attack by Acherontia styx and Hyblaea puera.

### Flower

The white flowers come as large panicles which emit a pleasant fragrance. They are bisexual and zygomorphic. The bell-shaped sepals of the flower have five small lobes. The flower has four stamens with parallel anthers unlike in most other plants of this family where the anthers are divergent. The corolla is a long tube with five lobes.

### Fruit and seed

The fruit is a smooth flat capsule and is partitioned into two. It contains broad-winged seeds. The fruits are fed on by birds which aid in seed dispersal. In cultivation, the viability of seeds is low unless they are sown immediately after the fruit ripens, so the plant is generally propagated through cuttings.

## Uses

The tree is considered ornamental and the pleasant fragrance of the flowers renders it ideal as a garden tree. The wood is also used as timber and the bark is used as an inferior substitute for cork. The leaves are also used as a cheap substitute for tobacco in cigarettes.

## Views of different aspects

* In Hyderabad, India
* In Hyderabad
* In Hyderabad
* In Hyderabad
* In Hyderabad
* In Hyderabad
# Anna Kraus (opera)

Anna Kraus, Op. 30, is a radio opera in one act by composer Franz Reizenstein. The work uses an English language libretto by Christopher Hassall to tell the tragic tale of a German woman who is forced to leave her country due to oppression from the Nazi regime, as the Nazis did not like her political views.
The opera was commissioned by the British Broadcasting Corporation following the popular success of Reizenstein's 1951 cantata Voices of Night. The opera premiered on 25 July 1952 on BBC Third Programme with conductor Norman Del Mar leading the BBC Symphony Orchestra and singers Victoria Sladen (as Anna) and Lloyd Strauss-Smith (as Pavel). It was submitted by the BBC later that year for the Prix Italia. Critical reaction to the work was mixed. The New Statesman described the work as "engaging" and a "worthwhile experiment". The Annual Register wrote that the opera "suffered from the composer's emotion being too closely engaged in the sufferings of the heroine, a refugee from political oppression".
# Ahmad Khansari

Haj Seyyed Ahmad Khansari (1891–1950/51), son of Seyyed Yusef Khansari, was one of the conspicuous jurisprudents.
He was born in a religious family in Khansar City on August 24, 1891 (18th Moharam 1309 AH). He studied Mathematics, Primary Sciences and Seminary lectures in Khansar. To continue his studies he went to Isfahan. His teachers were his great brother "Ayatollah Seyyed Hasan Khansari", Seyyed Mohammad Sadiq Isfahani, Mullah Abdul Karim Gazi, and Mirza Mohammad Ali Toyserkani. He was an expert in medicine, physics, algebra, geometry, astronomy, philosophy, law, metaphysics and metascience. After establishment of Qom Seminary by Ayatollah Haeri, according to his invitation, Haj Seyyed Ahmad Khansari left Isfahan for Qom to teach in the Seminary there. While there, he was considered as a high degree teacher. In Qom Seminary, he taught Theology, Philosophy and Mathematics. Only some of his students, such as Ayatollah Hossein-Ali Montazeri, had the opportunity to learn about explicit sciences mentioned above, and the majority of his students studied jurisprudence in his public lectures. In 1370 AH (Gregorian calendar: October 13, 1950 – October 1, 1951), when Haj Yahya Sajadi died, he went to Tehran according to Ayatollah Boroujerdi's request. In Tehran, he stayed in Sayyed Azizulallah Mosque.
He has a book titled Jame'ol Madarek fy sharhe mokhtasare nafee in 14 volumes written in Arabic. The most prominent aspect of this book is its association with the new look of Shiat at playing chess. When Ayatollah Khomeini gave Fatwa on the freedom for playing chess, there was an outrage of contradictory ideas among Shiat jurisprudents, based on more than 1000 years history of chess prohibition. Ayatollah Khomeini referred to Jame'ol Madarek for his Fatwa, and chess was considered sound (Halal) to play after more than 1,000 years among Shiat Muslims. There are other books claimed to be written by Ayatollah Haj Seyyed Ahmad Khansari; however, these were published after his death against his will. Therefore, some believe that these books have been modified from their original versions.
He entered in 1342 events along with other jurisprudents. He was injured by police and security officers during a demonstration in Tehran Bazaar. After Ayatollah Boroujerdi's death, many Muslims of Iran and other countries referred to him and selected him as their religious leader. His scientific popularity was clear for every one and Najaf jurisprudents respected him.

## Selected works

* An explanation on Orvatulvosgha
* An explanation on Haj rituals
* An Epistle on Persian and Arabic language
* An Epistle on Haj rituals
# Hemandradenia

Hemandradenia is a genus of plant in family Connaraceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete):
* Hemandradenia chevalieri, Stapf
* Hemandradenia mannii, Stapf
# Huechys phaenicura

Huechys phaenicura is a species of cicada belonging to the family Cicadidae.

## Distribution

This species is present in India, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia (Java).
# Ancona, Illinois

Ancona is an unincorporated community in Livingston County, Illinois, United States. Ancona is located along a railroad line south-southwest of Streator. Ancona has a post office with ZIP code 61311. It formerly served the Santa Fe Railway at Ancona Station.
It takes its name from the Italian city of Ancona, capital of the Marches.
# Middle suprarenal arteries

The middle suprarenal artery (middle capsular artery) is a paired artery in the abdomen. It is a branch of the aorta. It supplies the adrenal gland.

## Structure
### Origin

The middle suprarenal artery (usually) arises from lateral aspect of the abdominal aorta. Its origin occurs at roughly the same level as that of the superior mesenteric artery.$^{:1240}$

### Course

The vessel passes laterally and slightly superior-ward, passing over the crura of the diaphragm to reach the surface of the ipsilateral suprarenal gland, whereupon it forms anastomoses with the other suprarenal arteries.$^{:1240}$

### Relations

The anatomical relations of the left and right middle superior artery differ. The right vessel crosses the inferior vena cava posteriorly near the right celiac ganglion. The left vessel passes near the right celiac ganglion, superior margin of the spleen, and splenic artery.$^{:1240}$

### Variation

There is usually a single middle suprarenal artery (on either side of the body), but in some individuals, there may be multiple, or the vessel may be absent.$^{:1240}$
The vessel may sometimes arise from the (ipsilateral) renal artery, or (ipsilateral) inferior phrenic artery.$^{:1240}$

## Function

The middle suprarenal artery supplies the adrenal gland.

## Clinical significance

The middle suprarenal artery may be assessed using Doppler ultrasound.

## History

The middle suprarenal artery may also be known as the middle adrenal artery or the middle capsular artery.
# Milnesium reductum

Milnesium reductum is a species of Eutardigrades discovered by zoologist Denis. V. Tumanov in 2006. This species of Tardigrade is part of the family Milnesiidae. This species differs from its cogenerate species mainly by proportions of its claws and buccopharyngeal apparatus.
# Muhilankudieruppu

Muhilankudieruppu is a village located in Agasteeswaram Taluk, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India. Located 4 km from Kanyakumari and 16 km from Nagercoil (capital town of Kanyakumari on the road connecting Kanyakumari with Nagercoil and nearest city Trivandrum (Kerala). The village is surrounded by paddy fields, coconut groves, element enriched and beautiful sea shore (Indian Ocean). Further, this village has a pleasant climate throughout the year and benefited by both north east and south west monsoons. Muhilai is divided into two parts, West Muhilai (mela) and East Muhilai (keezha). Keezha muhilai people worship Hindu Goddess Devi Mutharamman and mela muhilai people worship the Swamy Sriman Ayya Narayanaswamy. Nearly two thousand people live here and most of the people are well-educated; some work as doctors, engineers, scientists all over the world. Muhilankudieruppu has an average literacy rate of 94%, far higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 97%, and female literacy is 91%. The Holy place of Swamythoppu pathy (Ayyavazhi) is located near Muhilankudierrupu, 4 km away.

## Agriculture

Major crops under cultivations: Rice, Coconut, Banana, Mango, Tamarind and Cashew

## Schools

* Government High School, Elanthaiyadivilai
* Government Primary School ,
Elanthaiyadivilai
* Government Kindergarten (Pallar Palli)

## Industries

Coir Industries

## Major festivals

* Chithirai Thiruvizha (10 days) - Devi Mutharamman temple (Every year month of May)
* Karthigai Thiruvizha (16 days) - Ayya Sriman Narayanaswamy temple (Month of November)
* Sudalaimada Swamy Kodaivizha - Throughout the year
* Pongal Celebration (3–4 days) - Sports and cultural activities
# Hello Chapter 2: Hello, Strange Place

Hello Chapter 2: Hello, Strange Place is the second extended play by South Korean boy group CIX. It was released on November 19, 2019 by C9 Entertainment and distributed by Warner Music Korea. The EP consists of five tracks including the single "Numb".

## Background and release

On September 27, 2019, it was announced that CIX would have a comeback in November 2019. On November 1, it was revealed that CIX would return with their second EP Hello Chapter 2: Hello, Strange Place on November 19.
The music video teaser for "Numb" was released on November 18 and full music video on November 19.
"Numb" is a hip hop dance track that addresses the problem of teenagers being forced to stay quiet during unfair situations and growing "numb" after losing their dreams.

## Promotion

CIX held a live showcase alongside the release of the EP on November 20 where they performed "Numb". The group started promoting their title track "Numb" on November 22. They first performed the lead single on KBS' Music Bank followed by performances on MBC's Show! Music Core and SBS's Inkigayo and Mnet's M Countdown.

## Charts

| Chart (2019) | Peak position |
| South Korean Albums (Gaon) | 4 |

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format | Label |
| Various | November 19, 2019 | CDdigital downloadstreaming | C9 Entertainment |
| South Korea | November 19, 2019 | CDdigital downloadstreaming | C9 Entertainment |
# AirTrack

AirTrack may refer to:
* Air track, a piece of scientific equipment for measuring uniformly accelerated motion
* Heathrow Airtrack, the original name for the proposed new UK rail links from Heathrow Airport's Terminal 5
* AirTrack in-flight entertainment system; see SimiGon
* Antonov AirTrack; see Antonov An-124
* An object in Japan animation and comic Air Gear
# Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua

Guglielmo Gonzaga (24 April 1538 – 14 August 1587) was Duke of Mantua from 1550 to 1587, and of Montferrat from 1574 to 1587. He was the second son of Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and Margaret Palaeologina of Montferrat. In 1574, Montferrat was elevated to a Duchy and Guglielmo became its first duke. He was succeeded as Duke of both duchies by his son Vincenzo.

## Patron of music

Guglielmo was particularly interested in sacred vocal music, and is known particularly to music historians for his extensive correspondence with the composer Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina. He built a large new church in Mantua, dedicated to Santa Barbara. He engaged in an unprecedented negotiation with the Papacy to create his own rite for Mantua, and devoted considerable resources to developing a musical repertoire for the church, commissioning works by Giaches de Wert and Palestrina. Part of his correspondence with Palestrina discusses the work commissioned in detail, stipulating Guglielmo's requirements, and therefore giving a sense of his musical preferences. Guglielmo's musical tastes were conservative for the day. He enjoyed imitative contrapuntal music but was concerned to maintain clarity of text, thereby showing the influence of Tridentine reforms. Upon his death, his son Vincent invited followers of the more modern trends to his court.
Three months before his death, Gonzaga wounded the organist of the ducal basilica, Ruggier Trofeo, in an encounter over a woman; the latter survived his injuries.

## Marriage and children

On 26 April 1561 William married Eleonora of Austria, sixth daughter of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary. They had:
* Vincenzo I (21 September 1562 – 9 February 1612). Married Eleonora de' Medici
* Margherita Gonzaga (27 May 1564 – 6 January 1618). Married Alfonso II d'Este
* Anna Caterina Gonzaga (17 January 1566 – 3 August 1621). Married her maternal uncle Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua :
# Meriem Mebarki

Meriem Mebarki (born 22 June 2003) is an Algerian fencer. She competed in the women's foil event at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She finished in 33rd place, after losing to Flóra Pásztor of Hungary in the Round of 64.
# Guildayichthyidae

Guildayichthyidae is a prehistoric family of marine fish from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Limestone of Montana. It is the only family in the order Guildayichthyiformes. Guildayichthyids possess an uncommon mixture of primitive and modern characteristics in their skull bones.

## Taxonomy

This family consists of the following genera and species:
* Genus Guildayichthys Lund, 2000
** Species Guildayichthys carnegiei Lund, 2000
* Genus Discoserra Lund, 2000
** Species Discoserra pectinodon Lund, 2000
# Air Force Global Logistics Support Center

The Air Force Global Logistics Support Center (AFGLSC) served as the hub for supply chain management for the U.S. Air Force. It was stood down in 2012 as part of Air Force Materiel Command restructuring.

## Organization

The AFGLSC consists of three subordinate units. The 448th Supply Chain Management Wing is based at Tinker Air Force Base and conducts planning and execution of logistics operations. The 635th Supply Chain Operations Wing is co-located at Scott Air Force Base and supports movement and combat operations. The 591st Supply Chain Management Group conducts strategic planning and integration from Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.
# Ait Blal

Ait Blal is a small town and rural commune in Azilal Province of the Tadla-Azilal region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 6740 people living in 901 households.
# Gunnar Öquist

Gunnar Öquist (born 1941) is a Swedish biologist and professor of plant physiology at Umeå University, and served as the permanent secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences from 2003 to 2010.
He graduated from Uppsala University in 1967 and enrolled in postgraduate studies in Umeå in 1968. He earned his Ph.D. at Umeå University in 1972 with the Thesis Some effects of light intensity and iron deficiency on pigmentation and photosynthesis in the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans. He was made docent in plant physiology 1974. After two years at Lund University he returned to Umeå in 1976 and was made a professor in 1981.
Öquist's field of research has been the adaptation of photosynthesis in cyanobacteria, algae and higher plants when they are submitted to variations in light intensity, temperature, supply of water or supply of nutrition.
Öquist served as the main secretary of the Natural Sciences Research Council (NFR), a former Swedish governmental body for science funding, from 1993 to 1999.
Öquist has been a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences since 1986, and became the Academy's permanent secretary on 1 July 2003, when he succeeded Erling Norrby. On 1 July 2010 Öquist retired from the post and was succeeded by Staffan Normark.
# Merimnetria ichthyochroa

Merimnetria ichthyochroa is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was first described by Lord Walsingham in 1907. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Molokai.
The wingspan is about 16 mm. The forewings are rather shining, whitish cinereous (ash gray), but showing a slight ferruginous reflection in certain lights. There is a broad triangular ferruginous costal blotch, commencing at one-fourth, descends outward to the middle of the fold and is then diffused upward to the commencement of the costal cilia, a few dark ferruginous scales about the apex and termen precede the leaden-gray cilia which have also in some lights a reddish-brown reflection. The hindwings are dark brownish gray.
# Mercedes-Benz 190

Mercedes-Benz has sold a number of automobiles with the "190" model name:
* 1955–1963 W121
** 1955–1963 Mercedes-Benz 190SL
** 1956–1959 190
** 1958–1959 190D
** 1959–1961 190b
** 1959–1961 190Db
* 1962–1965 W110
** 1962–1965 190c
** 1962–1965 190Dc
* 1984–1993 W201
** 1984–1986 190D 2.2
** 1984–1993 190E 2.3
** 1986–1987 190E 2.3-16
** 1987 190D 2.5 Turbo
** 1987–1991 190D 2.5
** 1987–1993 190E 2.6