OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Richard H. Foote

Richard Herbert Foote (2 May 1918 – 9 February 2002) was an American entomologist who specialized in the taxonomy of fruit flies. The Handbook of the Fruit Flies of America North of Mexico published in 1993 was a major work. He was a promoter of the use of information technology for the cataloguing of insect species.
Foote was born in Bozeman, Montana to Herbert and June. His father was a director of the water and sewage division of the Montana government and had been involved in management of typhoid. Foote graduated from Montana State University in 1941 and served in the US Army in Europe and worked in pest control after the war. He became a curator of medical insects at the CDC collection in Atlanta, Georgia in 1947. He received a ScD from Johns Hopkins University in 1952 with studies on mosquito larvae. He then joined the US Department of Agriculture to catalogue the medically important mosquitoes. In 1954 he shifted to the study of Tephritidae and worked there until his retirement in 1983. He continued to work there and produced the Handbook of the Fruit Flies of America North of Mexico in 1993. He was also an editor of the Journal of Economic Entomology. He was also an early adopter of computers and information technology for the cataloguing of taxonomic information.
# Richard Butler

Richard Butler may refer to:

## Military

* Richard Butler, 1st Earl of Arran (1639–1686), 1st Earl of Arran, marshal of the army in Ireland, lord deputy of Ireland
* Richard Butler (general) (1743–1791), American Revolutionary War General, later killed fighting Native Americans in Ohio
* Richard Butler (British Army officer) (1870–1935), British Army general, served in World War I
* Richard W. Butler, U.S. Navy aviator and officer

## Politicians

* Richard Butler (c. 1510–68 or later), Member of Parliament (MP)
* Sir Richard Butler, 5th Baronet (1699–1771), Irish MP for Carlow County 1730–1761
* Richard Butler (Australian politician) (1850–1925), Premier of South Australia
* Sir Richard Butler, 7th Baronet (1761–1817), Irish and British MP for Carlow County 1783–1790 and 1796–1802
* Richard Layton Butler (1885–1966), Australian politician, Premier of South Australia
* Richard A. Butler (Irish politician), Irish independent senator
* Rab Butler (Richard Austen Butler, 1902–1982), British politician and Chancellor of the Exchequer
* Richard Butler, 1st Earl of Glengall (1775–1819), Irish peer
* Richard Butler, 2nd Earl of Glengall (1794–1858), Irish politician and peer
* Richard William Butler (1942), Australian civil servant, politician and UN-diplomat

## Musicians

* Richard Butler (singer) (born 1956), lead singer of The Psychedelic Furs and former lead singer of Love Spit Love
** Richard Butler (album), the singer's self-titled album released in 2006
* Richard Preston Butler Jr., real name of rapper/songwriter Rico Love

## Others

* Richard Butler, 1st Viscount Mountgarret (1500–1571)
* Richard Butler, 3rd Viscount Mountgarret (1578–1651)
* Richard Butler, 17th Viscount Mountgarret (1936–2004), British soldier
* Richard Butler (author) (1844–1928), British dramatist
* Richard Butler (Dean of Clonmacnoise), 19th-century Irish Anglican priest
* Richard Butler (English priest) (died 1612), English priest
* Richard Butler (publisher) (1834–1925), Canadian publisher
* Richard Butler (white supremacist) (1918–2004), American founder of the Aryan Nations
* Richard C. Butler (1929–2012), British farmer and banker, President of the National Farmers' Union
* Richard E. Butler, general secretary of the International Telecommunication Union 1983–89, Australian federal public servant
* Richard Butler (diplomat) (born 1942), Australian diplomat, arms inspector, and former governor of Tasmania
* Richard Butler (academic), Human geographer and academic
* Richard Butler, American businessman and eponym of Butler, New Jersey
* Rich Butler (born 1973), baseball player
* Richard J. Butler, palaeontologist
# Richard Lewis (tenor)

Richard Lewis CBE (10 May 1914 – 13 November 1990) was an English tenor of Welsh parentage.

## Life

Born Thomas Thomas in Manchester to Welsh parents, Lewis began his career as a boy soprano and studied at the Royal Manchester College of Music (now merged into the Royal Northern College of Music) from 1939 to 1941, and later at the Royal Academy of Music. He made his operatic debut in 1939, and from 1947 onwards, sang at the Glyndebourne Festival Opera and at Covent Garden (London). He made his debut in the United States in 1955.
Lewis made a number of recordings, including Messiah (Handel), L'incoronazione di Poppea (Monteverdi), Idomeneo (Mozart), Liebeslieder Walzer and Neue Liebeslieder Walzer (Brahms), Coleridge-Taylor's The Song of Hiawatha, Elgar's The Dream of Gerontius, Benjamin Britten's Spring Symphony (with Leonard Bernstein), scenes from William Walton's Troilus and Cressida, BBC Studio recording of The Mercy of Titus (La Clemenza di Tito) In English with Joan Sutherland, and four different performances of Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde, two with Maureen Forrester, (Reiner/Walter) one with Kathleen Ferrier (Barbirolli), and a fourth with Lili Chookasian (Ormandy). There is also a live recording with George Szell and the Cleveland Orchestra.
Lewis took the leading tenor roles in Sir Malcolm Sargent's "Glyndebourne" recordings of nine key Gilbert and Sullivan comic operas in the late 1950s and early 1960s where he worked with Elsie Morison and Marjorie Thomas.
In 1963, he was named a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE). He died in Eastbourne in 1990.

## Legacy

Following Lewis's death in 1990 his widow, Elizabeth Lewis established the Richard Lewis/Jean Shanks award at Glyndebourne, made possible by funding from the pathologist Dr Jean Shanks (Princess Galitzine). In 2000 Elizabeth moved the award to the Royal Academy of Music wishing to help young singers at that more vulnerable time in their careers.
# Andre Malan (journalist)

Andre Arthur Malan (23 May 1947 – 26 September 2014) was an Australian journalist and features-editor of The West Australian and The Western Mail newspapers in Perth, Western Australia.
Born in Roodepoort, South Africa on 23 May 1947, Malan studied at Jeppe High School in Johannesburg, graduating in 1964 and was awarded cadet of the year at The Star afternoon newspaper there.
Malan migrated to Australia in 1968, arriving at Fremantle Passenger Terminal at 6 am and commenced employment with The West Australian at 2 pm the same day.
In 1980 he won the Arthur Lovekin Journalism Prize for his expose of fugitive financier Christo Moll.
Over a forty-year career, Malan was chief of staff, interstate bureau chief, and investigative journalist. In the 1990s he established and wrote for the "Asia Desk" supplement of The West Australian, travelling and reporting extensively on South East Asian affairs. Before retiring in 2007, he wrote a popular twice-weekly column in The West Australian.
He wrote a chapter of the 2009 University of Western Australia publication An enduring friendship: Western Australia and Japan - Past, Present and Future, edited by David Black and Sachiko Sone.
Malan died suddenly on 26 September 2014 from a pulmonary embolism due to recent surgery.
# Richard Abidin

Richard R. Abidin is a noted psychologist who has devoted much of his career to studying the relationships between parents and children. He served as founder and director of School/Clinical Child Psychology Ph.D. Program from 1967 to 1979, served as director of the Institute of Clinical Psychology between 1979 and 1988 (professor of education and psychology APA) and served as director of the Curry Programs in Clinical and School Psychology between the years 1988–1995 at the University of Virginia. Abidin retired in 2003; he is now emeritus professor, lecturer and consultant to Curry Programs in Clinical and School Psychology at the same university.
He is a fellow of the American Board of Professional Psychology, the American Psychological Association, the American Association for Applied and Preventive Psychology, and the Academy of Clinical Psychology. Abidin has also served as president of a number of psychological societies, such as the Society for the Study of School Psychology, Society for Child and Family Policy and Practice, Society of Clinical Psychology, Virginia Psychological Association, and chair of the Virginia Board of Psychology.
Abidin has been honored with the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology Distinguished Career Award in 2017, and the Abidin Award was established to recognize and support a distinguished early career psychologist.
Abidin has created several assessment measures that aid clinicians in determining the functionality of a parent-child relationship.
He is the author of the Index of Teaching Stress (ITS), the Early Childhood Parenting Skills Program, a measure which assesses the level of teacher stress, the Parenting Stress Index, 3rd Edition (PSI), which identifies parent-child problem areas in parents of children ages 1 month to 12 years in order to identify dysfunction relationships, and coauthor of the Parenting Alliance Measure (PAM), and the Stress Index for Parents of Adolescents (SIPA), which respectively assess the degree of cooperation between parents and the level of stress between parents and their adolescent.
Abidin helped organize in 1967, served on the board of directors and was consultant to Oakland School, Keswick, VA.
# Richard Lowitt

Richard Lowitt (February 25, 1922 – June 23, 2018) was an American historian. He was a professor of American History at Iowa State University, the University of Oklahoma, and the University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma, and the author of several books about the American West.

## Early life

Lowitt was born on February 25, 1922, in New York City. His parents, Eugene Lowitt and Eleanor Lebowitz, were Hungarian immigrants. He graduated from the City College of New York, where he earned a bachelor's degree in 1943. He went to graduate school at Columbia University, where he earned a master's degree in 1945 and a PhD in 1950.

## Career

Lowitt taught American History at Connecticut College, Florida State University, the University of Kentucky, the University of Maryland, and the University of Rhode Island. He joined Iowa State University, where he was the chair of the History department. He eventually became a professor of American History at the University of Oklahoma, and Regents Professor at the University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma.
Lowitt authored several books about the American West as well as biographies of George W. Norris and Bronson M. Cutting. He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1957.

## Personal life and death

Lowitt married Suzanne Carson. They had a son, Peter, and a daughter, Pamela. They resided in Concord, Massachusetts. His wife predeceased him.
Lowitt died on June 23, 2018, in Concord, Massachusetts.

## Selected works

* Lowitt, Richard (1971). George W. Norris: The Persistence of a Progressive, 1913-1933. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 9780252001765. OCLC 219922.
* Lowitt, Richard (1992). Bronson M. Cutting: Progressive Politician. Albuquerque, New Mexico: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 9780826313478. OCLC 25746887.
* Lowitt, Richard (2002). From Liberalism to Populism: A Political Biography of Fred Harris. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9780742521629. OCLC 48752916.
* Sherer Mathes, Valerie; Lowitt, Richard (2003). The Standing Bear Controversy: Prelude to Indian Reform. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 9780252028526. OCLC 845549292.
* Lowitt, Richard (2006). American Outback: The Oklahoma Panhandle in the Twentieth Century. Lubbock, Texas: Texas Tech University Press. OCLC 607758289.
# Andosol

Andosols are soils found in volcanic areas formed in volcanic tephra. In some cases Andosols can also be found outside active volcanic areas. Andosols cover an estimated 1–2% of Earth's ice-free land surface. Andosols are a Reference Soil Group of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). They are closely related to other types of soils such as Vitrosols, Vitrandosols, Vitrons and Pumice Soils that are used in different soil classification systems. The name comes from Japanese an (暗 'dark') and do (土 'soil'), synonymous with kuroboku (黒ぼく). In the USDA soil taxonomy (ST), many Andosols belong to the order of the Andisols. However, the definitions are different. Some Histosols (WRB) belong to the Andisols (ST), and some Andosols (WRB) belong to the Inceptisols (ST).
Andosols typically develop in parent materials containing high proportions of glass. If significant amounts of glasses are still present, they show vitric properties and receive the Vitric qualifier. With advanced weathering of the glasses, they show andic properties. There are two possibilities of soil formation. In more acidic tephras in humid climates, complexes of organic matter with Al ions develop, and the Andosols are characterized by the Aluandic qualifier. If the tephras are more basic or the climate is dry, amorphous colloidal materials, including allophane and imogolite develop, and the Andosols are given the Silandic qualifier. In both cases, they contain many ferrihydrite and have a bulk density ≤ 0.9 kg/dm$^3$. Silandic Andosols are very fertile except in cases where phosphorus is easily fixed (this sometimes occurs in the tropics). They can usually support intensive cropping, with areas used for wet rice in Java supporting some of the densest populations in the world. Other Andosol areas support crops of fruit, maize, tea, coffee or tobacco. In the Pacific Northwest USA, Andosols support very productive forests.
Andosols occupy ~1-2% of global ice-free land area. Most occur around the Pacific Ring of Fire, with the largest areas found in central Chile, Ecuador, Colombia, Mexico, the Pacific Northwest US, Japan, Java and New Zealand's North Island. Other areas occur in the East African Rift, Italy, Iceland and Hawaiʻi. They are the most common type of soil in the Azores.
Fossil Andosols are known from areas far from present-day volcanic activity and have in some cases been dated as far back as the Precambrian 1.5 billion years ago.

## Important qualifiers

* Vitric – Andosols with limited soil formation, still containing significant amounts of volcanic glasses.
* Aluandic – Andosols with advanced soil formation containing many complexes of organic substances and aluminium.
* Silandic – Andosols with advanced soil formation containing many allophanes and imogolites.
# Richard Collingbourne

Richard Collingbourne (died 1418) was the member of the Parliament of England for Marlborough for the parliament of 1402.
He was escheator in 1403 and obtained a royal pardon for any offenses carried out in that role.
# Andrei Svislotski

Andrei Svislotski (Russian: Андрей Свислоцкий; 3 June 1960 – 19 December 2022) was a Russian animator. He worked on numerous shows including Curious George, Aaahh!!! Real Monsters, and Rugrats. In 1995, he was nominated for a Daytime Emmy for Aaahh!!! Real Monsters and in 2014 was nominated for another for directing Curious George.
# Richard M. Powell (investor)

Richard M. Powell (born 12 June 1979) is a Jamaican private equity investor, serial entrepreneur, philanthropist, and World Economic Forum Young Global Leader. Powell is considered one of the rising stars of global finance and has been featured in Inc. Magazine and on CNBC. Powell is the Co-Founder and Senior Managing Director at APC Holdings, a private investment equity firm. Powell is also the chairman of the RMP Group, which provides consulting, marketing and branding advice to mid to large-size companies, Fortune 500 firms and government agencies. In 2010 Powell created the RMP Foundation. Modeling the efforts of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the RMP Foundation was formed to provide philanthropic relief to the global community.

## Early life and education

Powell was born in Spanish Town, Jamaica in 1979. At the age of 12 he came across Warren Buffett’s biography The Making of An American Capitalist. Powell was captivated by Buffet’s investment strategies and was most impressed with Buffet’s childhood entrepreneurial endeavors, namely his childhood paper route that earned him a profit on every paper.
Powell attended Saint Andrews Preparatory in Kingston, Jamaica before enrolling in Campion College, a high school in the parish of St. Andrew. Once again surrounded by family and friends Powell was encouraged to take up his passion for sports. Powell played football (soccer), tennis, table tennis, competed in track and field and additionally became the youngest person ever from the Caribbean to be scouted by a professional soccer club PSV Eindhoven in Europe.
A skilled football (soccer) player Powell debated whether or not to attend Stanford University on a full soccer scholarship or play professionally in Europe. Ultimately Powell decided to study economics at Harvard University.
While completing his undergraduate degree at Harvard, Powell and his brother Josef started an e-commerce business called Fuxito "Fuxito is a word we invented, a cross between the international term for soccer – fútbol and the Spanish term for success, exito. Fuxito was a recruiting database that helped fútbol scouts and coaches worldwide find rising stars," said Powell. At only 19 years old Powell was the Chief Operating Officer of a $100 million company with 35 employees.

## Career

In 2003 Powell and fellow Harvard alumnus Frantz Alphonse created AP Capital Partners a private equity firm that has created a portfolio that generates $1.5 billion and employs 7,000 people. Currently, AP Capital Partners has formed a union with ZeroChaos which has resulted in the acquisition of New York-based FlexCorp Systems.
# Richard Durbin

Richard Durbin may refer to:
* Dick Durbin (Richard Joseph Durbin, born 1944), United States Senator from the state of Illinois
* Richard M. Durbin (born 1960), computational biologist and Fellow of the Royal Society
# Anders Sandoe Oersted

Anders Sandoe Oersted may refer to:
* Anders Sandøe Ørsted, Danish politician
* Anders Sandoe Oersted (botanist), his son, Danish botanist
# Richard Grace

Colonel Richard Grace (c. 1612–1691) was an Irish Royalist soldier who fought for Charles I, Charles II and James II. He served in the Royalist Army in Exile during the 1650s.

## Biography

Grace, the younger son of Robert Grace, feudal baron of Courtstown, was born in the early part of the 17th century, of a Kilkenny family that may have been descended from Odo, Count of Champagne. He resided at Moyelly Castle, Queen's County, and served Charles I in England, until the surrender of Oxford in 1646. He then returned to Ireland, and was for some years engaged in the Irish Confederate Wars. He is referred to in State Papers as being at the head of 3,000 men, harassing the Parliamentary troops — now in Wicklow, and again at Crogan, beyond the River Shannon.
In 1652 a reward of £300 was by the English Commonwealth government set upon his head, yet at the conclusion of the war he was permitted to enter the Spanish service with 1,200 of his men. At the Battle of the Dunes (1658) he commanded the Lord Ormond's regiment of Irish in the services of King Charles II. After some time he went over to the French side, without betraying any trust imposed upon him, having given due notice to his Spanish friends. After the Restoration he was appointed Chamberlain to the Duke of York (the future James II), and in consideration of his faithful and indefatigable services, received "pensions of £400, and a portion at least of his estates were restored to him."
When James II came to Ireland following the Glorious Revolution, Grace was appointed Governor of Athlone, with a garrison of three regiments of foot, and eleven troops of cavalry. After the Battle of the Boyne, Athlone was invested by General Douglas with ten regiments of foot, and five of horse. Grace having burnt the English town, and broken down the bridge, defended the Connaught works with indomitable spirit. When called upon to surrender, he fired a pistol over the messenger's head, and declared: "These are my terms; these only will I give or receive; and when my provisions are consumed, I will defend till I eat my old boots." At the end of a week, Douglas was obliged to draw off, with the loss of 400 men. The town was again invested by Godert de Ginkell in 1691.
Marquis de St Ruth had meanwhile obliged Grace to exchange three of his veteran regiments for inferior French troops. Nevertheless, he made a heroic defence under St Ruth, and on 30 June 1691, after de Ginkell's passage of the Shannon and the capture of the citadel on the Connaught side, Colonel Grace's body was found under the ruins. His conduct towards the Protestants within his district is described as having been peculiarly humane and just; and although the severity of his discipline contrasted with the irregularities tolerated in other portions of the Irish army, he was greatly beloved by his men. As for the Grace family, they still exist to this day however they no longer hold a peerage or any type of social influence.
# Andrew, Archbishop of Antivari

Andrew, Archbishop of Antivari may refer to:
* Andrew I, Archbishop of Antivari (r. 1307–1324)
* Andrew II, Archbishop of Antivari (r. 1448–1459)
# Richard Ulrich

Richard Ulrich (born 1942 in Stuttgart) is a German board game designer. Many of his games have been nominated for or have won the Spiel des Jahres, a German games award.
He is best known for co-authoring the board game El Grande with Wolfgang Kramer.
# Richard Ullerston

Richard Ullerston DD (died August or September 1423) was a Vice-Chancellor and Chancellor of Oxford University.
Ullerston was born in the Duchy of Lancaster, England. Having been ordained priest in December, 1383, he became a Fellow of Queen's College, Oxford (1391–1403), holding office in the college, and proceeding to Doctor of Divinity and Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University in 1394. In 1408, he became Chancellor of the University and in the same year wrote at the request of Robert Hallum, Bishop of Salisbury, a sketch of proposed ecclesiastical reforms: Petitiones quoad reformationis ecclesiae militantis, which is available online (see below).
Ullerston wrote a commentary on the Creed (1409), one on the Psalms (1415), another on the Canticle of Canticles (1415), and Defensorium donationis ecclesiasticae, a work in defence of the donation of Constantine. At the request of Richard Courtenay he wrote a treatise, De officio militari ("On the military office"), addressed to Henry, Prince of Wales.
From 1403, Ullerston held the prebend of Oxford in Salisbury Cathedral, and from 1407 the rectory of Beeford in Yorkshire.