OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paratriathlon at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's PTS2

The Paratriathlon at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's PTS2 event at the 2024 Summer Paralympics took place at 07:15 CET on 1 September 2024 at Pont Alexandre III, Paris. 10 athletes representing 8 nations competed.

## Venue

The Para triathlon course will start from Pont Alexandre III bridge near Seine River and will end at the same place. The event will be over sprint distance. There will be 750 metre Swim through Seine River, 20 km para cycling at Champs-Élysées, Avenue Montaigne, crossing the Seine by the Pont des Invalides and reaching the Quai d'Orsay and last leg of 5 km run will end at Pont Alexandre III bridge.

## Results

| Rank | Bib | Athlete | Nationality | Swim | T1 | Bike | T2 | Run | Total Time |
| | 225 | Jules Ribstein | France | 11:01 | 1:14 | 32:40 | 1:02 | 19:50 | 1:05:47 |
| | 222 | Mohamed Lahna | United States | 12:09 | 1:15 | 33:00 | 0:52 | 20:02 | 1:07:18 |
| | 224 | Mark Barr | United States | 10:46 | 1:43 | 34:18 | 0:58 | 19:48 | 1:07:33 |
| 4 | 223 | Maurits Morsink | Netherlands | 16:40 | 1:31 | 32:08 | 0:40 | 17:28 | 1:08:27 |
| 5 | 227 | Wim De Paepe | Belgium | 11:06 | 1:17 | 33:34 | 1:16 | 22:03 | 1:09:16 |
| 6 | 226 | Lionel Morales | Spain | 11:47 | 2:12 | 34:09 | 1:14 | 20:59 | 1:10:21 |
| 7 | 228 | Geoffrey Wersy | France | 16:16 | 1:17 | 35:45 | 2:18 | 21:23 | 1:16:59 |
| 8 | 230 | Gianluca Valori | Italy | 17:37 | 2:25 | 36:01 | 0:26 | 23:10 | 1:19:39 |
| 9 | 229 | Tom Goodman | Australia | 19:05 | 2:04 | 36:49 | 1:17 | 21:57 | 1:21:12 |
| | 231 | Juan Esteban Patiño | Colombia | | | | | | DSQ |
Key : T = Transition; L = Lap
Source:
# George Couper

Sir George Ebenezer Wilson Couper, 2nd Baronet, KCSI, CB, CIE (29 April 1824 – 5 March 1908) was a British civil servant in India.

## Biography

Couper was the eldest son of Colonel Sir George Couper, Chief Equerry and Comptroller of the Household of Princess Victoria, Duchess of Kent. His father was created a baronet in 1841.
He was educated at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. He was sent to India in 1846 and joined the Bengal Civil Service. He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the 1860 Birthday Honours while serving as Secretary to the Chief Commissioner of Oude, James Outram.
From 26 July 1876 to 15 February 1877, he was Lieutenant-Governor of the North-Western Provinces. In 1877, he was created a Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India and in 1878 a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire.
From 15 February 1877 to 17 April 1882, he was Lieutenant Governor of the North-Western Provinces and Chief Commissioner of Oudh.

## Family

In 1852, he married Caroline Penelope Every, sister of Sir Henry Every, 10th Baronet. He had three sons, who were all in the military, and a daughter, who married Sir Frederick William Benson. Sir George died in Camberley, aged 84. His eldest son, Ramsay George Henry Couper, succeeded him in the baronetcy.
# Jan Raatgever

Jan Adriaan Francois Raatgever (16 June 1907 – 1953) was a Surinamese physician and politician of the NPS.
Raatgever studied at the Geneeskundige School in Paramaribo. In 1934 Raatgever passed both the theoretical and practical surgical exam, and started to work as a physician. At the 1949 Surinamese general election he was elected for the Marowijne District. Major conflicts arose in his party and in 1950 he was one of eight NPS members of the Estates of Suriname to leave the party. He remained a member of the parliament until the general election in 1951. Although he was older than 40, in 1951 he still received a study assignment. He moved to Leiden and became a Doctor of Medicine in July 1952. On 16 September 1952, he migrated to Florida. Raatgever died in Orange County, Florida in 1953.
# Melby, Minnesota

Melby is an unincorporated community in Douglas County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.

## History

A post office called Melby was in operation from 1888 until 1978. Melby was platted in 1902.
# Isabella Rauti

Isabella Rauti (born 17 November 1962) is an Italian academic and politician.

## Biography

Daughter of the former leader of the Italian Social Movement Pino Rauti, she graduated in Letters and in Pedagogy at the LUMSA University in Rome, later obtaining a PhD in Pedagogy.

### Political career

When she was very young, she joined the Italian Social Movement. In 1995, with the end of the party, she followed her father in the far-right party Tricolour Flame, with which she ran for the office of Mayor of Rome at the 2001 local elections: she ranked sixth and was not elected. Three years later, in 2004, she joined Gianfranco Fini's National Alliance.
After AN merged into The People of Freedom, Rauti has been elected to the regional council of Lazio at the 2010 regional election, supporting the centre-right candidate Renata Polverini, who is elected President of Lazio.
With the end of PdL, Rauti joined Giorgia Meloni's right-wing party Brothers of Italy, with which she is elected to the Italian Senate at the 2018 general election, representing the single-member district of Mantua.

### Personal life

Rauti has been married with former Mayor of Rome Gianni Alemanno from 1992 to 2018. The couple has a son, Manfredi, born in 1995.
# Isabella Reaney

Isabella Emily Thomasa "Isabel" Reaney (née Edis; 15 July 1847 – 19 June 1929) was a British preacher, social activist and editor.

## Life

Reaney was the daughter of Emma and Robert Edis. She was born in Huntingdon on 15 July 1847. One of her brothers was the architect Robert William Edis. Her elder brother was Arthur Wellesley Edis who was a gynaecologist and her niece through Arthur was the photographer Olive Edis.
Reaney seems to have led a model Christian childhood. She visited the old and poor and men and women would gather at her house on a Sunday afternoon to listen to her. She moved on use a classroom and then a local hall attracting people to listen to her. Her parents were concerned that she was overreaching herself and the local Bishop took an interest. He was said to have given his blessing to her work after hearing of her determination.
She married another preacher the Reverend George Sale Reaney, of Wycliffe Chapel in Warrington on 4 March 1873. He was a Congregational minister. Every Sunday she would preach at the local hall in Warrington. In 1876 her husband became ill and the two then spent six years in Reading before moving to Stepney where George took over the meeting house. She continued to work for the poor and she would take over her husband's preaching when he was ill.
Reaney created a home for people recovering from illness in Folkestone, and when Henrietta Barnett and her husband launched the Children's Country Holidays Fund in 1884, Reaney worked with her.
She was a campaigner for tramcar drivers in Stepney who worked long hours in poor conditions for low wages. She bought shares in tram companies so that she could attend annual general meetings to ask pointed questions. In 1885 she persuaded an MP to put a question to the Home Secretary and when she arrived at a meeting of the North Metropolitan Tramways Company in 1886 her question was convincingly voted down. The following year she campaigned to other shareholders before the meeting and the defeat was closer and the company agreed to investigate the drivers hours.
She died on 19 June 1929 at home in Bromley in Kent.

## Selected works

* Waking and working: or from girlhood to womanhood (1874)
* Sunbeam Willie, and other stories (1875)
* Blessing and Blessed (1878)
* Sunshine Jenny, and other stories (1878)
* Just anyone, or Kitty's dream, and other stories (1879)
* English Girls: Their Place and Power (1879)
* Rose Gurney's Discovery (1880)
* Our Brothers and Sons (1882)
* Our Daughters
* Chippings (1883)
* Unspoken Addresses (1883)
* Little Glory's Mission (1883)
* Found at Last (1883)
* Not alone in the World (1883)
# Megachile policaris

Megachile policaris is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Thomas Say in 1831.

## Description

Megachile policaris is a solitary, robust, non-metallic bee. The basal section of tergum is concave towards the front and is without ridges. The species is black and its dorsal metathorax (metanotum) is almost perpendicular with the rear of its propodeum. The margin at the posterior is roughly straight and it has a broad scutellum. The bee's tubercles and pleura are without carinae (elevated ridges). It has linear notaulices. The front coxae of males are often spinose. The two recurrent veins of the front wings are attached to a submarginal cell. The species has dentate mandibles; these are large in females. It has four visible sternites (ventrites) as well as four sternites that are not visible. Megachile species have three maxillary palps, and male specimens have larger tarsi at the front.
A female Megachile policaris takes pollen and nectar to its nest to create a "bee loaf" (saliva, pollen and nectar). Once this bee loaf is substantial, a female will deposit an egg upon this and chew up leaves to form a small, round cavity around the bee loaf and egg. The female will continue doing this until it completely fills its nest with eggs; it will then construct a thick wall around the nest from leaves. When the eggs hatch, the bees will feed on these bee loaves until they reach maturity, and will gnaw at the walls the following spring to leave the nest. Females carry pollen under their abdomina.
As a leaf-cutter bee, females of Megachile policaris may cut sections of leaves in oval or circular shapes to line the cells of its nest. Alternatively, they might use dried plant resin to line nest cells, which it carries in its mandible. The species creates its nests in soil, in stems of plants, in twigs, or will tunnel through rotting wood to create nests. It does not produce honey and has a weak sting which it uses in defence. The species pollinates wild plants and crops and is a small or medium-sized bee. The genus name Megachile comes from Greek words mega (large; μεγας) and cheil (lips; χειλ), which refers to mouthparts of species in the genus.
# Megachile edentata

Megachile edentata is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Friese in 1925.
# Megachile empeyi

Megachile empeyi is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Pasteels in 1970.
# Megachile electrum

Megachile electrum is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Mitchell in 1930.
# Megachile epixanthula

Megachile epixanthula is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1931.
# Irving Township

Irving Township may refer to:
* Irving Township, Montgomery County, Illinois
* Irving Township, Brown County, Kansas
* Irving Township, Michigan
* Irving Township, Kandiyohi County, Minnesota
* Irving Township, Faulk County, South Dakota, in Faulk County, South Dakota
# Melanodothis

Melanodothis is a genus of fungi in the family Mycosphaerellaceae.
# Iris verna

Iris verna, the dwarf violet iris, is a species of flowering plant in the iris family (Iridaceae). It is endemic to the eastern United States from Maryland to Florida along the Atlantic Coast, west to Mississippi, and inland to Kentucky, Tennessee, and Ohio. It occurs in nutrient-poor acidic soils of open to semi-shaded woodlands.

## Description

Iris verna is a small herbaceous, perennial flowering plant. It forms colonies through its deeply-buried underground rhizomes. It blooms in spring and generally has light to deep blue or violet inflorescence, although rare white forms are known. The sepals have a golden yellow signal.
It can be distinguished from the similar-looking Iris cristata, which occurs over much of its range, by a number of characters. Iris verna lacks the crested ridges that are found on the sepals of Iris cristata, and its flowers are strongly fragrant (Iris cristata is not strongly fragrant). In addition, the leaves of Iris verna are narrower and straighter than those of Iris cristata, and it has rhizomes that are deeply buried (as opposed to the shallow rhizomes of Iris cristata).

## Taxonomy

Two varieties are recognized:
* Iris verna var. verna – Native primarily to the Coastal Plain and extending into the Piedmont; with longer rhizomes and thus very loosely clump forming, and with narrower leaves.
* Iris verna var. smalliana – More widespread, although most common in mountainous areas; strongly clump forming, and with wider leaves.
* Variety smalliana is tightly clumped, with leaves 5–13 mm wide
# Melbourne Park (Nottingham)

Melbourne Park is a large public space in Aspley, Nottingham, England. The park is approximately 500 by 600 metres (1,600 by 2,000 ft). In addition to public greenspace, the site has a number of football pitches which are used for Sunday league football matches. There are many football teams around this area.
The park contains a variety of trees, including lombardy poplars around the playing area, a row of black poplars and a variety of large trees around the perimeter.

## History

The Aspley area of the city was developed quite rapidly. In 1915 the area was fields and scattered housing. By 1930 the area had either been developed for housing uses or land had been set aside for those purposes.
By 1936 the site of the park was one of the few parcels of land remaining undeveloped or not earmarked for housing or other uses. The Corporation of Nottingham Housing Department obtained funding from the Department of Health to lay out the majority of the present park as a public recreation ground. The portion of the present park around the Aspley Boys Club was developed by Nottingham City Transport as their recreation ground. Until c.1950 this section was distinct from the remainder of the park.
In 1989 Nottinghamshire County Council proposed plans to develop the park as the new site for William Crane School (now closed). This proposal was resisted and formally prevented by a motion of the Nottingham City Council in September 1990. From 2005 until September 2021, the park was the site of the Nottinghamshire YMCA's Youth and Community Centre. The centre was closed due to increases in the rent by the city council as part of a series of closures and measures meant to save £38 million over the following four years.
# Ishkashim

Ishkashim, also transliterated Eshkashem or Ishkoshim, may refer to:
* Ishkashim, Afghanistan, a town in Badakhshan Province
* Ishkashim, Tajikistan, a town in Gorno-Badakshan Autonomous Province
* Ishkashim District in Badakhshan Province of Afghanistan
* Ishkashim District in Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province
* Ishkashimi language, spoken in Afghanistan and Tajikistan
* Ishkashimi people [ru]
* Ishkoshim Range, mountain range in Pamir Mountains in Tajikistan
# Ishkashim Important Bird Area

The Ishkashim Important Bird Area (Chinese: 伊什卡希姆重点鸟区), also spelt Ishkoshim (Chinese: 伊什科希姆), is a 1136 km$^2$ tract of land in south-western Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province in eastern Tajikistan.

## Description

The site lies some 120 km south of the provincial capital of Khorugh, and 52 km from the district centre of Ishkashim, in the Shohdara Range of the southern Pamir Mountains. It encompasses a part of the southern slopes of the Shohdaras, the upper Vakhan valley, and the floodplain of the Panj River 10 km downstream from the confluence of the Pamir and Vahandara Rivers. There the Panj is braided, forming water meadows, pebbly shoals and sandy islands covered with tugay thickets.

## Birds

The site has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports significant numbers of the populations of various bird species, either as residents, or as breeding or passage migrants. These include Himalayan snowcocks, ferruginous ducks, saker falcons, Pallas's fish-eagles, cinereous vultures, ibisbills, European rollers, yellow-billed choughs, Hume's larks, wallcreepers, white-winged redstarts, white-winged snowfinches, rufous-streaked accentors, water pipits, fire-fronted serins, plain mountain finches and crimson-winged finches.
# Isle of Ely County Council

Isle of Ely County Council was the county council of the Isle of Ely in the east of England. It came into its powers on 1 April 1889 and was abolished on 1 April 1965. The county council was based at County Hall, March. It was amalgamated with Cambridgeshire County Council to form the new Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely County Council in 1965.
The Isle of Ely County Council was granted a coat of arms on 1 May 1931. Previous to the grant the council had been using the arms of Diocese of Ely: Gules, three ducal coronets, two and one or. In the 1931 grant, silver and blue waves were added to the episcopal arms, to suggest that the county was an "isle". The crest above the shield was a human hand grasping a trident around which an eel was entwined, referring to the popular derivation of "Ely". On the wrist of the hand was a "Wake knot", representing Hereward the Wake.
# Ishinomaki Senshu University

Ishinomaki Senshu University (石巻専修大学, Ishinomaki senshū daigaku), an affiliated university of Senshu University, is a private university in Ishinomaki, Miyagi, Japan, established in 1989. The predecessor Senshu University was founded in 1880.
# Melittia lentistriata

Melittia lentistriata is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is known from Malawi, Kenya and Zimbabwe.
# Issandr El Amrani

Issandr El Amrani is a Moroccan-American political analyst, journalist and commentator who writes about Egypt and the Middle East for British, American and Middle Eastern publications.
El Amrani was born in Rabat, Morocco, and has lived in Cairo since 2000. He was an editor of the now defunct Cairo Times and co-founder of Cairo magazine. From 2007 to 2009 he was the North Africa analyst for the International Crisis Group, an independent non-profit organization that works to prevent, manage, and resolve deadly conflict. He was the Cairo correspondent for Middle East International (MEI), and writes for The Economist, the Financial Times, the London Review of Books, Foreign Policy, The National, Bidoun and other publications. He writes a weekly column for Al-Masry Al-Youm, an independent Egyptian newspaper. He also regularly appears as a commentator on Middle Eastern affairs on television, notably on Al-Jazeera English, and conducts private consulting on the politics of the Middle East.
He is transitioning to Amman, where he and Ursula Lindsey, his wife, are residing with their son Milo.
# Issaquah-class ferry

The Issaquah class are a series of six auto and passenger ferries built for the Washington State Ferries system in the late 1970s until the early 1980s.
Originally, each vessel was built to accommodate 100 vehicles and 1,200 passengers but were built with accommodations to add an additional car deck. In the early to mid-1990s, five of the six vessels were modified with the additional car deck. The lone exception is the MV Sealth, which Washington State Ferries assigns to the San Juan Islands route in the summer, where her additional capacity for tall vehicles without the second deck has proven useful.
The Chelan was upgraded to international SOLAS safety standards in 2005, allowing her to make the crossing between Anacortes and Sidney, British Columbia.

## History

The Issaquah class got off to a problematic start, when the $106 million contract to build the six ferries was awarded to Marine Power and Equipment (MP&E) on April 6, 1978. The company had no prior experience building large vessels, and it was later revealed that some lawmakers may have personally benefited from the contract being awarded to MP&E.
As it built the Issaquah class, MP&E was accused of substituting cheap materials and cheap labor and groups said that it was enabled by poor oversight by the Washington State Department of Transportation. The largest problem with the ferries was the propulsion system. Prior vessels purchased for Washington State Ferries had used a diesel–electric transmission, where diesel engines turned an electric generator, which produced electricity, which in turn was used to power electric motors that turned the propellers. Instead MP&E chose a more traditional setup with diesel engines turning the propellers through a series of clutches and gearboxes, which turned out to be extremely problematic causing the vessels to ram the terminal piers, and in one case, inadvertently dropping into reverse while docked, causing a car to fall into the water.

## Vessels

Ferries in this class include:
* Cathlamet – (Auto capacity increased in 1993)
* Chelan – (Auto capacity increased in 2001, upgraded to meet SOLAS safety standards)
* Issaquah – (Auto capacity increased in 1989)
* Kitsap – (Auto capacity increased in 1992)
* Kittitas – (Auto capacity increased in 1990)
* Sealth
# Ispas, Alberta

Ispas is a locality in Alberta, Canada.
The community was named after Ispas, Bukovina, the ancestral home of an early postmaster.
# Isabella (1825 ship)

Isabella was launched in 1825 at Shoreham. Initially, she traded with Gibraltar and Honduras. The Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) purchased her in 1829 and she was wrecked in 1830 on the Columbia River bar off Clatsop County, Oregon. The site of her remains are on the National Register of Historic Places in Clatsop County, Oregon as #89001385 placed on September 21, 1989. The remains are owned by the State of Oregon, Division of State Lands after being found in 1986. She is a wooden ship with copper sheathing.

## Career

Isabella first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1827.
She was already trading by then. Lloyd's List reported in that Isabella, Cowle, master, had arrived at Omoa from Gibraltar. She was back at Gibraltar from Honduras on 14 July.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1827 | Cowl | Gilore & Co. | London–Gibraltar | LR |
| 1828 | R.Cowell | Gilmore & Co. | London–Gibraltar | LR |
| 1829 | R.Cowell W.Ryan | Gilmore & Co. | London–Gibraltar | LR |
| 1930 | W.Ryan | Hudson's Bay Company | London-Colombia | LR |
On 10 October 1829 the Hudson's Bay Company purchased Isabella for £2,900. The company purchased her to replace William and Ann, which had wrecked on the Columbia bar in May with the loss of all hands.
Isabella sailed from Blackwall on 30 October for the Colombia via the Sandwich Islands. On 3 May 1830, she wrecked on the Columbia bar. There was no loss of life; the crew arrived at Fort Vancouver. As it turned out, Isabella was stranded but had not sunk. The HBC factor at Fort Vancouver sent Ryan and his men to salvage what of her cargo and stores they could. They finally abandoned her on 24 May 1830. They reached Fort Vancouver again on 4 June. The news was published in England in April 1831.

## Post script

In 1986, researchers thought fisherman Daryl Hughes of Chinook had discovered the wreck of Isabella. It was later determined that the remains were those of the 1879 wreck SS Great Republic, not Isabella.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 5 Archives of Manitoba: Hudson’s Bay Company Archives – Ships’ Histories: Isabella.
* 1 2 LR (1827), Supple. pages "I", Seq.No.I130.
* ↑ Isabella, Oregon, nps.gov
* ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 5121. 2 June 1826. hdl:2027/uc1.c2735036.
* ↑ Delgado (1995), pp. 309–320.
* ↑ "Multiple News Items" (18 April 1831), Standard (London, England), issue: 1225.
* ↑ BENNETT, TOM (30 November 2004). "Mistaken identity: Shipwreck isn't Isabella after all". Chinook Observer. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
# Memory & Cognition

Memory & Cognition is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering cognitive science. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Psychonomic Society and was established in 1973. The editor-in-chief is Bennett Schwartz (Florida International University).

## Abstracting and indexing information

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* CINAHL
* Current Contents/Social & Behavioral Sciences
* EBSCO databases
* Embase
* EMCare
* FRANCIS
* Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed
* International Bibliography of Periodical Literature
* MLA International Bibliography
* PASCAL
* ProQuest databases
* PsycINFO
* Scopus
* Social Sciences Citation Index
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2014 impact factor of 2.457.