OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Old Tom Morris Award

The Old Tom Morris Award is the Golf Course Superintendents Association of America's most prestigious honor. It is presented each year to an individual who "through a continuing lifetime commitment to the game of golf has helped to mold the welfare of the game in a manner and style exemplified by Old Tom Morris."
Morris (1821–1908) was greenskeeper and golf professional at the St Andrews Links Trust Golf Club of St. Andrews, Scotland; a four-time winner of The Open Championship (1861, 1862, 1864 and 1867); and ranked as one of the top links designers of the 19th century.
The recipient of this award is determined by the GCSAA Board of Directors. The award is presented annually at the GCSAA Education Conference, held in conjunction with the Golf Industry Show.

## Winners

* 1983 Arnold Palmer
* 1984 Bob Hope
* 1985 Gerald Ford
* 1986 Patty Berg
* 1987 Robert Trent Jones
* 1988 Gene Sarazen
* 1989 Juan "Chi-Chi" Rodríguez
* 1990 Sherwood A. Moore, CGCS
* 1991 William C. Campbell
* 1992 Tom Watson
* 1993 Dinah Shore
* 1994 Byron Nelson
* 1995 James R. Watson, Ph.D.
* 1996 Tom Fazio
* 1997 Ben Crenshaw
* 1998 Ken Venturi
* 1999 Jaime Ortiz-Patiño
* 2000 Nancy Lopez
* 2001 Tim Finchem
* 2002 Walter Woods, Esq.
* 2003 Pete Dye
* 2004 Rees Jones
* 2005 Jack Nicklaus
* 2006 Joseph M. Duich, Ph.D.
* 2007 Charlie Sifford
* 2008 Greg Norman
* 2009 Col. John Morley
* 2010 Judy Rankin
* 2011 Nick Price
* 2012 Peter Jacobsen
* 2013 Michael Hurdzan
* 2014 Annika Sorenstam
* 2015 Dan Jenkins
* 2016 Herb Kohler
* 2017 Paul R. Latshaw
* 2018 Ernie Els
* 2019 Powell family
* 2020 Gary Player
* 2021 Jim Nantz
* 2022 Vince Gill
* 2023 Johnny Morris
* 2024 Dottie Pepper
Source:
# 1969–70 Ranji Trophy

The 1969–70 Ranji Trophy was the 36th season of the Ranji Trophy. Bombay retained the title defeating Rajasthan in the final.

## Knockout stage

| Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| | | 20 Mar 1970 – Bombay | 20 Mar 1970 – Bombay | |
| | | Bombay | 520/8d & 57/0 |
| | | Mysore | 309 & 346/8d |
| | | | | 2 Apr 1970 – Bombay | 2 Apr 1970 – Bombay |
| | | | | Bombay | 531 |
| 13 Mar 1970 – Jaipur | 13 Mar 1970 – Jaipur | | | | Bombay | 531 |
| 13 Mar 1970 – Jaipur | 13 Mar 1970 – Jaipur | | | Rajasthan | 217 & 255 |
| Rajasthan | 225 & 144/6 | | | Rajasthan | 217 & 255 |
| Rajasthan | 225 & 144/6 | 20 Mar 1970 – Jaipur | 20 Mar 1970 – Jaipur | | |
| Railways | 149 & 219 | 20 Mar 1970 – Jaipur | 20 Mar 1970 – Jaipur | | |
| Railways | 149 & 219 | Rajasthan | 243 | | |
| | | Bengal | 74 & 135 |

### Final

* 2–6 April 1970 Scorecard
* Bombay won by an innings and 59 runs Brabourne Stadium, Bombay Umpires: Sambhu Pan and N. S. Rishi
* Rajasthan won the toss and decided to bat

## Scorecards and averages

* CricketArchive
# Erbessa lamasi

Erbessa lamasi is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by James S. Miller in 2008. It is found in south-eastern Peru.
The length of the forewings is 16 mm for males.
The larvae possibly feed on Miconia species.
# Jamie Rooney (lacrosse)

Jamie Rooney (born July 31, 1984 in Arthur, Ontario) is a Canadian lacrosse player who plays for the Buffalo Bandits in the National Lacrosse League.

## Professional career

Rooney began his professional career with the Philadelphia Wings in the 2008 NLL season. He was drafted by the Wings in the second round (22nd overall) of the 2007 National Lacrosse League dispersal draft from the Arizona Sting. Previously, Rooney was drafted in the 2004 Entry Draft by the Buffalo Bandits, and was also signed as a free agent with the Calgary Roughnecks in 2006, but never appeared in a game for either team
Prior to the 2009 NLL season, Rooney was acquired by the New York Titans in the 2008 dispersal draft. He played in ten games for the Titans before being traded to Rochester for Bill Greer. Midway through the 2010 season, Rooney was traded again, this time to the Boston Blazers.
The Blazers ceased operations following the 2011 season, and a dispersal draft was held. Rooney was taken in the first round (8th overall) by the Washington Stealth. Rooney was subsequently released by the Stealth, and then signed by the Toronto Rock.

## Statistics
### NLL

Reference:
| Jamie Rooney | Jamie Rooney | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | GP | G | A | Pts | LB | PIM | Pts/GP | LB/GP | PIM/GP | GP | G | A | Pts | LB | PIM | Pts/GP | LB/GP | PIM/GP |
| 2008 | Philadelphia Wings | 15 | 20 | 23 | 43 | 59 | 12 | 2.87 | 3.93 | 0.80 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 0.00 |
| 2009 | New York Titans | 10 | 7 | 7 | 14 | 30 | 4 | 1.40 | 3.00 | 0.40 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2009 | Rochester Knighthawks | 7 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 16 | 6 | 1.14 | 2.29 | 0.86 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2010 | Rochester Knighthawks | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.00 | 2.00 | 0.00 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2010 | Boston Blazers | 7 | 10 | 11 | 21 | 41 | 2 | 3.00 | 5.86 | 0.29 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 3.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 |
| 2011 | Boston Blazers | 16 | 15 | 9 | 24 | 37 | 6 | 1.50 | 2.31 | 0.38 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 3.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 |
| 2012 | Toronto Rock | 10 | 8 | 6 | 14 | 34 | 2 | 1.40 | 3.40 | 0.20 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2013 | Buffalo Bandits | 3 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 2.33 | 2.00 | 0.67 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 2014 | Buffalo Bandits | 11 | 8 | 13 | 21 | 32 | 4 | 1.91 | 2.91 | 0.36 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1.33 | 0.67 | 0.67 |
| | | 80 | 76 | 76 | 152 | 257 | 38 | 1.90 | 3.21 | 0.48 | 7 | 11 | 5 | 16 | 8 | 2 | 2.29 | 1.14 | 0.29 |
| Career Total: | Career Total: | 87 | 87 | 81 | 168 | 265 | 40 | 1.93 | 3.05 | 0.46 | | | | | | | | | |
GP–Games played; G–Goals; A–Assists; Pts–Points; LB–Loose balls; PIM–Penalty minutes; Pts/GP–Points per games played; LB/GP–Loose balls per games played; PIM/GP–Penalty minutes per games played.
# A Very New Found Glory Christmas

A Very New Found Glory Christmas is the third EP by American rock band New Found Glory. Self-produced by the band, it is a special edition Christmas-themed acoustic recording featuring two original songs and three covers. The EP was limited to 2,000 pressings and was released via cassette tape on December 1, 2012. 1,000 white copies were sold on tour, and 1,000 red copies were sold in their online store. The band released "Nothing for Christmas" via Rdio and Spotify on December 20, after debuting songs off the EP during the tenth anniversary tour of their Sticks and Stones album. The cover art is a parody of the 1990 blockbuster movie Home Alone.

## Personnel
### New Found Glory

* Chad Gilbert – lead guitar, backing vocals, producer
* Jordan Pundik – lead vocals, producer
* Steve Klein – rhythm guitar, backing vocals, producer
* Ian Grushka - bass guitar, backing vocals
* Cyrus Bolooki - tambourine, drums, percussion, backing vocals
# Mertansine

Mertansine, also called DM1 (and in some of its forms emtansine), is a thiol-containing maytansinoid that for therapeutic purposes is attached to a monoclonal antibody through reaction of the thiol group with a linker structure to create an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).
ADCs with this design include trastuzumab emtansine, lorvotuzumab mertansine, and cantuzumab mertansine. Some are still experimental; others are in regular clinical use.

## Mechanism of action

Mertansine is a tubulin inhibitor, meaning that it inhibits the assembly of microtubules by binding to tubulin (at the rhizoxin binding site).
The monoclonal antibody binds specifically to a structure (usually a protein) occurring in a tumour, thus directing mertansine into this tumour. This concept is called targeted therapy.

## Uses and chemistry

The following (experimental) drugs are antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) combining monoclonal antibodies with mertansine as the cytotoxic component. Mertansine is linked via 4-mercaptovaleric acid.
ADCs include:
* Bivatuzumab mertansine
* Cantuzumab mertansine
* Lorvotuzumab mertansine (IMGN901) for CD56 positive cancers, for example multiple myeloma

## Emtansine

DM1 can also be linked via a more complicated structure – 4-(3-mercapto-2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinylmethyl)-cylohexanecarboxylic acid or SMCC –, in which case the International Nonproprietary Name of the conjugate formed contains the word emtansine. The abbreviation comes from the chemical designation "succinimidyl-trans-4-(maleimidylmethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate" which is used in the primary literature as well as by the World Health Organization (WHO) despite the fact that the linker contains only one imide group according to the WHO.
DM1 and its attachment via these linkers result from ImmunoGen Inc research.
An example is:
* Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), an anti-HER2/neu antibody-drug conjugate
# Bakdash

Bakdash may refer to:
* Bakdash (ice cream parlor), in Damascus, Syria
* Khalid Bakdash (1912–1995), leader of the Syrian Communist Party from 1936 to 1995
# Englefield

Englefield may refer to:

## Geography

In England:
* Englefield, Berkshire, a village in the county of Berkshire, England
* Englefield Green, a village in the county of Surrey, England
In Wales:
* Englefield, an alternative name for the Cantref of Tegeingl in north Wales

## Sport

* Englefield Green Rovers F.C., an Association Football club based in Englefield Green

## Other

* Englefield (surname)
* Englefield Lodge, the first substantial home of Guise Brittan in Christchurch, New Zealand
* Englefield, East Maitland, a heritage-listed former inn and now residence at 49 Newcastle Street, East Maitland
# Schindler's List (disambiguation)

Schindler's List may refer to:
* a list of Jews called the Schindlerjuden who were saved during the Holocaust by Oskar Schindler
* US edition title of Schindler's Ark, fiction novel by Australian novelist Thomas Keneally (1982)
* Schindler's List, American historical drama film directed by Steven Spielberg (1993)
* Schindler's List (soundtrack), film score of the film of the same name, composed and conducted by John Williams (1993)
# Hallaxa apefae

Hallaxa apefae is a species of sea slug or dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Actinocyclidae.
# ASOR

Asor or ASOR may refer to:
* Asor, one of the inhabited islands of Ulithi Atoll, in the Federated States of Micronesia
* Asor, musical instrument "of ten strings" mentioned in the Bible
* Maor Asor, Israeli footballer
* American Society of Overseas Research
* Applied Statistics and Operations Research
* Australian Society for Operations Research
# 1961 NAIA Soccer Championship

The 1961 NAIA Soccer Championship was the third annual tournament held by the NAIA to determine the national champion of men's college soccer among its members in the United States.
Howard defeated defending co-national champions Newark Engineering in the final, 3–2, to win their first NAIA national title.
The final was played at Lock Haven State College in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania.

## Bracket

| First Round | First Round | First Round | Championship Lock Haven, PA | Championship Lock Haven, PA | Championship Lock Haven, PA |
| Newark Engineering | Newark Engineering | 3 | | | |
| Tabor | Tabor | 0 | | | |
| Tabor | Tabor | 0 | Newark Engineering | Newark Engineering | 2 |
| | | | Howard | Howard | 3 |
| Howard | Howard | 4 | Howard | Howard | 3 |
| East Stoudsburg State | East Stoudsburg State | 3 | Third Place | Third Place | Third Place |
| | | | Tabor | Tabor | 1 |
| | | | East Stoudsburg State | East Stoudsburg State | 2 |
# Isognathus rimosa

Isognathus rimosa, the rimosus sphinx, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1865.

## Distribution

It is known from tropical climates from northern Brazil north through Central America, the West Indies and Mexico to southern Arizona.

## Description

The wingspan is 70–102 mm.
* Female - Dorsal side
* Female - △ Ventral side

## Biology

There are multiple generations per year in the tropics. In Arizona, adults have been recorded in August. They feed on flower nectar, including petunias.
The larvae have been recorded feeding on Plumeria rubra in Cuba and Plumeria alba, Plumeria obtusa and Plumeria rubra in Puerto Rico.

## Subspecies

* Isognathus rimosa rimosa (northern Brazil north through Central America, the West Indies and Mexico to southern Arizona)
* Isognathus rimosa inclitus Edwards, 1887 (Mexico to Nicaragua)
* Isognathus rimosa jamaicensis Rothschild & Jordan, 1915 (Jamaica)
* Isognathus rimosa molitor Rothschild & Jordan, 1915 (Haiti)
* Isognathus rimosa papayae (Boisduval, 1875) (French Guiana and from Venezuela to Brazil)
* Isognathus rimosa wolcotti Clark, 1922 (Puerto Rico)
* Isognathus rimosa inclitus Male dorsal side
* Isognathus rimosa inclitus Male △ Ventral side
* Isognathus rimosa inclitus Female dorsal
* Isognathus rimosa inclitus Female ventral
* Isognathus rimosa papayae ♂
* Isognathus rimosa papayae ♂ △
* Isognathus rimosa papayae ♀
* Isognathus rimosa papayae ♀ △
# Elizabeth Wayland Barber

Elizabeth Jane Wayland "E.J.W." Barber (née Wayland; born 1940) is an American scholar and expert on archaeology, linguistics, textiles, and folk dance as well as professor emerita of archaeology and linguistics at Occidental College.

## Early life

Elizabeth Jane Wayland was born in 1940 in Pasadena. She became interested in archaeology at a young age because of her love of interdisciplinary sciences. Her family moved to France during her childhood, where she learned French, beginning her interest in linguistics. She first developed expert sewing and weaving skills under her mother's tutelage.

## Scholarly work

She earned a bachelor's degree from Bryn Mawr College in Archaeology and Greek in 1962. Her chief mentor was Mabel Lang from whom she learned Linear B and who advised her honors thesis on Linear A. In addition to Lang, Wayland wrote her thesis under Emmett L. Bennett Jr. Her thesis used computer indices of the Hagia Triada Linear A texts in an attempt to decipher its signs and symbols. The computer indices were made via punched cards, a method which was preceded by the work of Alice E. Kober on Linear B. She earned her PhD from Yale University in linguistics in 1968. Her doctoral study at Yale University was supervised by Sydney Lamb, under whom she wrote her dissertation, "The Computer Aided Analysis of Undeciphered Ancient Texts."

## Books

Her books include Prehistoric Textiles: The Development of Cloth in the Neolithic and Bronze Ages with Special Reference to the Aegean (1992), Women's Work: The First 20,000 Years; Women, Cloth, and Society in Early Times (1995), The Mummies of Ürümchi (1999), When They Severed Earth from Sky: How the Human Mind Shapes Myth (2004; coauthored with husband Paul T. Barber), The Dancing Goddesses: Folklore, Archaeology, and the Origins of European Dance (2013), Resplendent Dress from Southeastern Europe: A History in Layers (2013), and Two Thoughts with but a Single Mind: Crime and Punishment and the Writing of Fiction (2013; co-authored with husband P.T. Barber and Mary F. Zirin).
Among other things, she has proposed that if 19th-century scientists had thought to name prehistorical periods with an eye on women's work and the things they invented, instead of focusing their naming only on men's more durable inventions (Iron Age, Bronze Age, etc.), that they might have acknowledged women's invention of string as what she has named “The String Revolution.”

## Personal life

In addition to her academic work, as of 2009 she has directed and choreographed for her own folk and historical dance troupe for 38 years.
In 2016 and 2017, Barber's dance troupe performed at UCLA (See Video), Occidental College, and 2017 Sunshine Statewide Folk Dance Festival.
# Bamboogie

"Bamboogie" is a song by short-lived British house production act Bamboo. It heavily samples the song "Get Down Tonight" by KC and the Sunshine Band, which became a US number-one hit in 1975. Following airplay exposure in December 1997, "Bamboogie" was released in the United Kingdom on 5 January 1998.
Upon its release, "Bamboogie" debuted and peaked at No. 2 on the UK Singles Chart on 11 January 1998, behind "Never Ever" by All Saints. According to the Official Charts Company, "Never Ever" beat "Bamboogie" to the top spot by 557 copies. The single experienced worldwide success over the next few months, reaching the top 10 in Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, and New Zealand. The music video for "Bamboogie" is a compilation of vintage cartoon footage.

## Critical reception

Chris Finan from Music Week's RM Dance Update gave "Bamboogie" four out of five, describing it as "a happy cheeky disco moment that first appeared on a Bud Ice TV commercial and now due for release. Very commercially aimed without doubt in its original form, but added more club leverage from the excellent Lisa Marie Experience and the more than capable Graeme Park. More likely to do well over the coming festive period for its feelgood factor."

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 200,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| United Kingdom | 5 January 1998 | 12-inch vinylCDcassette | VCVirgin | |
| Japan | 20 May 1998 | CD | VC | |
# Oliver Smith (politician)

Oliver Smith (born 20 February 1993) is a student politician from Crich, Derbyshire in the United Kingdom who was appointed president of the Amber Valley branch of the Liberal Democrats for the year 2006. He was elected unopposed as the president at the November 2005 Annual General Meeting of the branch, of which he has been a member since he was eight, and took up the one-year post on 1 January 2006 when he was just 12 years, 9 months and 13 days old, making him the youngest branch party president in British political history. His mother, Kate Smith, is the membership officer for the Amber Valley Liberal Democrats and was twice unsuccessful in the 2001 general election and 2005 general election. Oliver Smith succeeded 55-year-old Keith Falconbridge, who became chairman. Keith Falconbridge succeeded Oliver in 2007.
Smith's campaign points, in 2006, included the lowering of the voting age from 18 to 16 and the abolition of university tuition fees. He also wanted to see Tony Blair and Gordon Brown out of office, while he supported Charles Kennedy.
Smith was a pupil at Anthony Gell School, the school that Ellen McArthur attended. and went on to study History at Lincoln College, Oxford University.
# Barwise compactness theorem

In mathematical logic, the Barwise compactness theorem, named after Jon Barwise, is a generalization of the usual compactness theorem for first-order logic to a certain class of infinitary languages. It was stated and proved by Barwise in 1967.

## Statement

Let $A$ be a countable admissible set. Let $L$ be an $A$-finite relational language. Suppose $\Gamma$ is a set of $L_{A}$-sentences, where $\Gamma$ is a $\Sigma _{1}$ set with parameters from $A$, and every $A$-finite subset of $\Gamma$ is satisfiable. Then $\Gamma$ is satisfiable.
# Salamander Energy

Salamander Energy was a British-based oil and gas exploration and production business. Its activities were focused on South East Asia. It was headquartered in London and was listed on the London Stock Exchange until March 2015 when it was acquired by Ophir Energy. Following the completion of the acquisition, Salamander Energy was merged with its parent.

## History

The company was founded by James Menzies, Nick Cooper and Andrew Cochran in 2005. It was first listed on the London Stock Exchange in 2006. In 2008, the company acquired GFI Oil & Gas Corporation.
On March 2, 2015 Salamander Energy announced that its $492 million purchase by Ophir Energy has been finalized.

## Operations

The group was organised by country:
* Indonesia
* Thailand
* Laos
* Vietnam
# ASOTRECOL

The Association of Injured Workers and Ex-Workers of General Motors Colmotores (ASOTRECOL) is a Colombian association whose stated goal is to protect the rights of GM workers and ex-workers and to denounce rights abuses allegedly committed by GM in Colombia.

## Background

ASOTRECOL is a group of 68 current and former workers at GM Colmotores, GM's Colombian subsidiary, which formed on May 19, 2011. ASOTRECOL set up a shelter in front of the U.S. Embassy in Colombia's capital, Bogotá, on August 2, 2011. After a year of peaceful protest, several members sewed their mouths closed and initiated a hunger strike on August 1, 2012. The association's members were fired by GM after they incurred injuries while working at its Bogotá plant and received no medical benefits or severance. They are seeking a solution with GM Colmotores that would include compensation for medical costs and reintegration into GM's workforce.

## Disputes
### ASOTRECOL's Claims

ASOTRECOL alleges that its members incurred work-related injuries at the GM plant, and that GM illegally fired workers who were consequently unable to perform their work. ASTORECOL's 68 members suffer from various injuries associated with strenuous, repetitive motions, including: musculoskeletal problems, herniated discs, carpal tunnel, elbow and shoulder tendonitis, tinnitus (chronic ringing in the ears), elbow epicondylitis, knee problems, cancer, and spinal injuries. Many have undergone multiple surgeries. GM Colmotores denies all claims, asserting that its number one priority is the health and well-being of its workers.

### ASOTRECOL's Demands

ASOTRECOL's demands are that GM agree to: 1) recognize members' injuries as occupational, 2) assume the costs of the corresponding medical treatment, 3) pay pensions or disability to those who are so severely injured that they can no longer work or can only work part-time, and 4) compensate workers for the economic damage that they have suffered, including lost wages and lost homes. GM alleges that ASOTRECOL members' claims are unfounded, and refuses to resolve their dispute. GM and ASOTRECOL have engaged in mediation five times to date, and GM unilaterally withdrew from the latest one, held on August 6.

## International Support

ASOTRECOL has received widespread support from civil society groups within Colombia and across the United States. Labor unions and organizations, including the AFL-CIO, United Auto Workers, United Steelworkers, Labor Notes, and U.S. Labor Education in the Americas Project, have all issued statements in solidarity with ASOTRECOL. Human rights organizations, such as Witness for Peace, the Washington Office on Latin America, the Latin America Working Group, have also expressed support for ASOTRECOL and advocated for a resolution to its case.
People across the United States have shown support for ASOTRECOL by fasting in solidarity with the hunger strikers or by holding protests.
# 1959 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting

Elections to the Baseball Hall of Fame for 1959 followed a system established after the 1956 election. The baseball writers were voting on recent players only in even-number years (until 1967). The Veterans Committee met in closed sessions to consider executives, managers, umpires, and earlier major league players. It selected outfielder Zack Wheat, who recorded 2884 hits from 1909 to 1927. A formal induction ceremony was held in Cooperstown, New York, on July 20, 1959, with Commissioner of Baseball Ford Frick presiding.
# Isognathus occidentalis

Isognathus occidentalis is a moth of the family Sphingidae.

## Distribution

It is known from Venezuela, northern Brazil and French Guiana.

## Description

There are probably multiple generations per year.
* Female dorsal
* Female ventral

## Biology

The larvae have been recorded feeding on Himatanthus lancifolius. They have long tails and very colourful, suggesting they are unpalatable to birds.