OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Agostino Spinola (Doge of Genoa)

Agostino Spinola (1624–1692) was the 125th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.

## Biography

Spinola was born in Genoa around 1624. With the age of majority he received his first public offices in some offices and magistrates of the Republic of Genoa, alternating with his many jobs at the Bank of Saint George. At the outbreak of the plague in the republic, between 1656 and 1657, he worked with other local nobles in providing care, assistance and administrative management. In the following time he also took on the role of the extraordinary ambassador to the Spanish court where he dealt with the crown the well-known question of the territorial rights advanced by Genoa on the Marquisate of Finale.
At the age of 55 he went up to the dogato with the election of 29 July 1679: the eightieth in biennial succession and the one hundred and twenty-fifth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica.
He led an almost quiet two-year term and as usual, except for the delicate question of diplomatic relations increasingly tense with Louis XIV of France that in the year of 1679, under the dogate of Giannettino Odone, bombarded the Genovese coast near Sampierdarena with about 3,000 bullets. Signs and tensions that culminated in 1684 in the naval bombardment of Genoa by the French fleet.
After the doge's office on 29 July 1681, it is reported that Agostino Spinola still continued to serve the republic in offices and public offices. He died in Genoa during 1692; the burial place is unknown.
# Radial veins

In anatomy, the radial veins are paired veins that accompany the radial artery through the back of the hand and the lateral aspect of the forearm. They join the ulnar veins to form the brachial veins.
They follow the same course as the radial artery.
Severing the radial artery can result in unconsciousness in as little as 30 seconds, and death in as little as two minutes. The Brachial artery runs along the inside of your arms. This artery is deep, but severing it will result in unconsciousness in as little as 15 seconds, and death in as little as 90 seconds.
# Ragundafjellet

Ragundafjellet is a mountain in Oscar II Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has an altitude of 790 metres, and is located on the ridge of Jämtlandryggen, between Triryggtoppen and Stugunfjellet. It is named after the Swedish district of Ragunda.
# Raghbir Singh (chief minister)

Raghbir Singh (1895 – January 7, 1955) was an Indian politician, freedom fighter who served as 2nd Chief Minister of erstwhile PEPSU state.
Raghbir Singh was born in a village of the Lahore in 1895. He came from the lineage of Sardar Sahib Singh and Sardar Lakkha Singh. The two were responsible for the early upbringing and education in the use of arms of then Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Sikh Empire.
He was ushered into services in Patiala State by Maharaja Bhupinder Singh where he went on to become the Inspector General of Police in 1926. Raghbir Singh played a pivotal role in bringing about a compromise between the state and Akali movement during the uprising of 1942 soon after he found the political party Lok Seva Sabha that later merged into Indian National Congress and then became the home minister in PEPSU state
He was appointed as the 2nd Premier of State after the resignation of Rarewala as Premier but in the 1952 assembly election Congress failed to get a majority and Rarewala became the first Chief Minister of PEPSU. After a brief period of presidential rule in the State in 1954 assembly election Congress got a majority and he became the 2nd Chief Minister of State and held the office till his death on 7 January 1955.
# Radio Lumbini

Radio Lumbini (Nepali:रेडियो लुम्बिनी) is a Nepalese radio station. It started broadcasting on 10 February 2000 and is locally financed. It is known for being the first co-operative radio in South Asia and the first rural radio station in Nepal. It transmits on FM 96.8 MHz. Radio Lumbini transmits for eighteen hours a day, and produces programmes related to social, cultural and environmental awareness. The base station is located near Manigram town in Lumbini Province.
# Rachel Henning

Rachel Biddulph Henning (1826–1914) was born in England. In 1854, she went to Australia but returned to England in 1856 due to homesickness and the hot climate. However, in 1861, she returned to Australia, this time travelling on the SS Great Britain. During this voyage she kept a diary. Highlights included the discovery of a stowaway who became the surgeon's assistant and a visit to the engine room in her long Victorian dress. Following this trip, she settled in Australia permanently. She first lived with her brother and sister on their property in Queensland, but married in 1866 and later moved to a property at Figtree on the New South Wales south coast near Wollongong (see Joseph Davis "Rachel Henning and Deighton Taylor in Illawarra 1853-1896" at the link below).
Henning's descriptive letters, mainly addressed to her sister in England, provide a detailed account of nearly 30 years of pioneering life in Australia. The letters were first published by The Bulletin in 1951 and 1952; in 1963, they were collected in book form and published by Angus and Robertson, with a foreword and illustrations by Norman Lindsay. Literary critic Debra Adelaide writes that "they are valued for their vivid portrayal of station life in the second half of the nineteenth century and for her own humour and frankness about the life she led".
Henning's Letters is one of the best examples in English of the way in which letters can overlap with fiction.
# Radauli

Radauli is a town in the city of Ayodhya in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India.
People of Radauli used the surname Radaulvi, and those from Ayodhya in general used the surname Ayodhyawasi.
* This Ayodhya district location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Radau (disambiguation)

Radau is a river in Lower Saxony, Germany.
Radau may also refer to:
* Rodolphe Radau (1835–1911), German astronomer and mathematician
* Radau (crater), impact crater on Mars
* Radawie (German Radau), a village in southwestern Poland
* "Radau", a song by God Is an Astronaut on the album Far from Refuge
# Aji Senior Secondary School

A. J. I. Senior Secondary School is a school in Nayabazar, Uppala, Kasaragod district, Kerala, India. Uppala is a town located midway between Kumbala and Manjeshwaram, north of the town of Kasaragod.
The president of Aji Senior Secondary School is Mr. P.K. Moosa.
# Akarsu, Altıeylül

Akarsu is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Altıeylül of Balıkesir Province in Turkey. Its population is 410 (2022).
# Akpınar, Çermik

Akpınar is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çermik, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. Its population is 232 (2022).
# Rahabas

Mathagadi is a rural municipality in Palpa District in Lumbini Province of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2109 people living in 325 individual households.
# Rahadi Oesman Airport

Rahadi Usman Airport or Rahadi Oesman Airport (IATA: KTG, ICAO: WIOK), also known as Ketapang Airport, is an airport in Ketapang, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Rahadi Usman Airport is named after local freedom fighter, Rahadi Usman (id).

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Wings Air | Pontianak, Semarang |
# Air Nicaragua

Air Nicaragua was a proposed airline that was meant to be the national flag carrier of Nicaragua. Its main base was Augusto C. Sandino International Airport.
It would've been the first time in 20 years that Nicaragua would have a national flag carrier, after Aeronica ceased operations in 1991. Since then, the flag carrier status was awarded to Nicaragüense de Aviación, which operated flights under the TACA Airlines brand. Several airlines had tried to become the Nicaraguan flag carrier like Central American Air Lines and Servicios Aereas Nicaragua, but both of these failed.
Ch-aviation stated that the airline has not launched operations.
# Ajmer tehsil

Ajmer is a tehsil in Ajmer district of Rajasthan state in India. It consists of 4 census towns and 85 villages. The capital of the tehsil is the eponymous Ajmer.

## History

Before the formation of the Republic of India, the territory of present-day Ajmer tehsil was part of the former Ajmer-Merwara Province (also called Ajmer-Merwara-Kekri). In 1950, Ajmer province became a "Part C" state, and subsequently merged into Rajasthan state in 1956. Following the merger, the new district of Ajmer was constituted which included the territory of present-day Ajmer tehsil.

## Geography

The tehsil consists of 4 census town's and 85 villages.

### Census town

* Pushkar Municipality
* Ajmer Municipality
* Badlya
* Boraj-Kazipura

### Villages

* Ajaysar
* Akhri
* Amba Maseena
* Aradka
* Babayacha
* Badiya Ka Bala
* Baghpura
* Balwanta
* Banseli
* Bargaon
* Beer
* Bhanwta
* Bhawani Khera
* Bhoodol
* Bubani
* Chachiyawas
* Chandiyawas
* Chawandiya
* Chhatri
* Danta
* Danta, Gegal
* Daurai
* Dedula
* Deo Nagar
* Doomara
* Doongariya Khurd
* Gagwana
* Ganahera
* Gegal
* Ghooghra
* Godiyawas
* Goyala
* Gudha
* Gudha, Kadel
* Gudli
* Guwardi
* Hansiyawas
* Hathi Khera
* Hatoondi
* Hokaran
* Hoshiyara
* Jatiya
* Jatli
* Kadel
* Kaklana
* Kawalai
* Kayampura
* Kayar
* Khajpura
* Kharekhari
* Khonda
* Khori
* Kishanpura
* Lachchipura
* Ladpura
* Leela Seori
* Leswa
* Lohagal
* Madarpura
* Magra
* Magri
* Majhewla
* Makarwali
* Manpura
* Miyapur
* Muhami
* Naharpura
* Nand
* Nareli
* Narwar
* Nolkha
* Oontra
* Padampura
* Palra
* Pushkar
* Ramner Dhani
* Rampura Nand
* Rasoolpura
* Rewat
* Saradhana
* Sarana
* Sedariya
* Somalpur
* Tabeeji
* Tilora
# Raichur–Gadwal–Kacheguda DEMU

Raichur–Gadwal–Kacheguda DEMU is a train between Raichur in Karnataka and Kacheguda in Andhra Pradesh established in October 2013. The train numbers are 77690/94. It runs between Raichur and Kacheguda via Gadwal, Mahbubnagar and Shamshabad.
The train started after a line between Gadwal and Raichur was laid in October 2013. The line has three new stations at Chandrabanda (halt) in Karnataka, Pandurangaswamy Road (crossing station) and Priyadarshini Jurala Project Road (halt) in Andhra Pradesh.
# Al-Tijani Yusuf Bashir

Al-Tijani Yusuf Bashir (1912–1937) was a Sudanese poet who wrote in Arabic. He died from tuberculosis at the age of 25, and his work only became widely known after his death. Al-Tijani's poetry is generally classified as belonging to the Romantic tradition, although he had strong Neoclassical influences.

## Biography

Al-Tijani was born in Omdurman into a prominent Sufi family. His father named him after Ahmad al-Tijani, the founder of the Tijaniyyah order. Al-Tijani was initially schooled at a local khalwa (religious school) that was run by his uncle, Shaykh Muhammad al-Kitayyabi, and then completed his education at Omdurman's al-Mahad al-Ilmi, a college of literature and forerunner of Omdurman Islamic University. He had a wide knowledge of both Classical and Modern Arabic literature, and also read some Arabic translations of Western literature. As a student, al-Tijani declared that Ahmed Shawqi's poetry was comparable to that in the Quran. This was considered tantamount to blasphemy, and led to his expulsion from al-Mahad. He later worked for a time for the Shell Petroleum Company as a petrol pump attendant and for a newspaper. During the early 1930s, he sought to continue his studies in Cairo but was prevented from leaving the country by British colonial authorities. Al-Tijani died at the age of 25, having suffered from tuberculosis for several years. He died in poverty, with a contemporary noting that he wore only cloth shoes, his clothing was generally torn and of poor quality, and that he could only afford a turban, not a skullcap.

## Poetry

Al-Tijani's only published work is Ishrāqa ("Illumination"), a collection of his poetry. It was first printed in 1946, after his death, and as of 2008 ten editions had been issued. Al-Tijani's poetry has been described as having a "decidedly Romantic colour",$^{:456}$ but not to the point of sentimentality.$^{:461}$ One critic, ʻAbd Allah ʻAli Ibrahim, describes him as "exhibit[ing] prodigious loyalties to creativity, youth, and poverty". His work includes persistent references to the natural world, especially water and light, which he frequently employs as metaphors or symbols.$^{:459–460}$ Salma Khadra Jayyusi has suggested that his admiration of nature approaches pantheism, and attributes this and his frequent use of mystical language to his Sufi background.$^{:462}$
Al-Tijani's classical education meant he retained many of the Neoclassical features used by earlier writers, including archaic mannerisms and obsolete vocabulary. Khadra Jayyusi has suggested that this represents a "major defect" in his work, and "partly explains his relative obscurity in the Arab world".$^{:457}$ Al-Tijani is frequently compared with Aboul-Qacem Echebbi, a Tunisian writer, due to their shared religious backgrounds and periods of ill health. Additionally, Khadra Jayyusi likens his work to that of the Syrian writer Badawi al-Jabal, due to their shared embrace of mystical language and use of Sufi literary forms.$^{:458}$
# Al Batinah, Yemen

Al Batinah is a settlement in Yemen.
* This article about a location in the Hadhramaut Governorate of Yemen is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Rajesh Pullarwar

Rajesh Pullarwar (born 13 December 1974, in Nagpur) is an Indian artist, painter, and printmaker. A graduate of the Sir J. J. School of Art, his works have been displayed at the Nehru Centre in Mumbai, The Pierre in New York City and at the Taj Mahal Palace Hotel in Colaba. He was awarded the Most Promising Artist of the Future Award by the National Gallery of Modern Art, Mumbai in 2005. He is the founder of the International Print Exchange Program.
# Ramsden (crater)

Ramsden is a lunar impact crater located on the western stretch of the Palus Epidemiarum. It was named after British instrument maker Jesse Ramsden. To the east-southeast is the crater Capuanus, and to the north lies Dunthorne.
The floor of the crater has been flooded with lava, and contains several small impact craters. The rim is somewhat oval and irregular in outline, with depressions at the north and south walls. It has a slight rampart, but lacks terraces, a central peak, or a ray system.
The crater lies directly across a rille system named the Rimae Ramsden. These span an area 130 kilometers across, sprawling over the western Palus Epidemiarum. A branch reaches northwest to the Mare Nubium, passing between the craters Campanus and Mercator.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Ramsden.
| Ramsden | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| A | 33.4° S | 31.3° W | 5 km |
| G | 35.3° S | 31.6° W | 11 km |
| H | 35.7° S | 32.4° W | 11 km |
# Akçabel, Gölbaşı

Akçabel is a village in the Gölbaşı District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. Its population is 518 (2021).
# Al Rafaah

Al Rafaah is a settlement in Umm Al Quwain, United Arab Emirates (UAE). It is a popular beach for camping and leisure activities.
# Ralph Davis (guard)

Ralph Gordon Davis (May 30, 1922 – September 26, 1992) was an American football guard who played professionally in the National Football League (NFL) with the Green Bay Packers. Davis was originally signed by the Packers in 1947 after playing football at Jefferson High School and then the University of Wisconsin. He played under head coach Curly Lambeau. Davis resigned with the Packers for the 1948 season in July of that year. He ended up playing two seasons for the Packers where he played in 22 games, starting 6 of them. Davis was married to Mary Davis (née Loepfe) and had three children. He died on September 26, 1992 at the age of 70.
# Ram press (food)

A ram press is a device or machine commonly used to press items with a mechanical ram, such as with a plunger, piston, force pump, or hydraulic ram. In food preparation, there are various kinds of ram presses:
The fruit ram press and cider ram press are both types of fruit presses that extract the juices out of the fruit through pressure. The second makes apple cider.
An oil seed ram press is also known as an oil ram press and it extracts the oil out of oil seeds.
# Ralph Howard, 1st Viscount Wicklow

Ralph Howard, 1st Viscount Wicklow PC (I) (29 August 1727 – 26 June 1789) was an Anglo-Irish politician and nobleman.

## Early life

Ralph Howard was born on 29 August 1727 at Shelton Abbey, County Wicklow, the eldest son of seven children born to the former Patience Boleyn and the Rt. Rev. Robert Howard (1670–1740), Bishop of Elphin.
His paternal grandfather was Dr. Ralph Howard. His maternal grandparents were Godfrey Boleyn of Fennor, County Meath ( a distant connection of the family of Anne Boleyn), and Mary Singleton, sister of Henry Singleton, Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas.

## Career

Howard was High Sheriff of Wicklow in 1749, and of County Carlow in 1754. In 1761 and 1768 he was elected MP for both County Wicklow and the borough of St Johnstown, choosing to sit for the county.
In May 1770, he was appointed to the Privy Council of Ireland and on 12 July 1776 Howard was raised to the Peerage of Ireland as Baron Clonmore of Clonmore Castle, County Carlow. In June 1785 he was further honoured as Viscount Wicklow, but died a year later.

## Personal life

On 11 August 1755, Howard was married to Alice Forward, the daughter and sole heiress of William Forward of Castle Forward in County Donegal, and the former Isabella Stewart. Together, they were the parents of eleven children, including:
* Robert Howard, 2nd Earl of Wicklow (1757–1815), a Representative Peer for Ireland from 1800 to 1815 who died unmarried.
* William Howard, 3rd Earl of Wicklow (1761–1818), who married Eleanor Caulfeild, the only daughter of Hon. Francis Caulfeild MP (second son of James Caulfeild, 3rd Viscount Charlemont) and the former Hon. Mary Eyre (only daughter and heiress of John Eyre, 1st Baron Eyre).
* Hon. Hugh Howard (1761–1840), an MP who married Catharine Bligh, second daughter of Very Rev. Robert Bligh, Dean of Elphin, in 1792.
* Hon. Henry Howard (d. 1793), who died in battle in Flanders.
* Lady Mary Howard (d. 1798), who married Rev. Thomas Hore, second son of Walter Hore of Harperstown, in 1797.
Lord Wicklow died on 26 June 1789 at his house in Rutland Square in Dublin. His widow was created Countess of Wicklow in her own right on 20 December 1793. She died on 7 March 1807. Their son, Robert Howard, succeeded her as Earl of Wicklow. Their great-grandnephew Ralph Howard became the seventh Earl of Wicklow.

### Legacy

Howard's grave site, the Howard Mausoleum, has become a landmark due to the large pyramid style marker.
# Alain Hutchinson

Alain Hutchinson (born 10 December 1949) is a Belgian politician and Member of the European Parliament for the French Community of Belgium with the Parti Socialiste, part of the Socialist Group and sits on the European Parliament's Committee on Development where he is Coordinator for the Socialist group.
He is a substitute for the Subcommittee on Human Rights and a vice-chair of the Delegation for relations with the Maghreb countries and the Arab Maghreb Union (including Libya).

## Education

* 1970: Social worker

## Career

* 1972-1987: Secretary of the FGTB employees' union
* 1988-1989: Head of the office of the Minister for Social Welfare and Health, French-Speaking Community of Belgium
* 1989-1999: Head of the office of the Premier of the Brussels-Capital Region
* 1988-1999: Deputy Mayor for education and culture, Saint-Gilles
* 1999-2004: State Secretary for housing and energy, Brussels-Capital Region
* Minister for the Budget and Social Welfare, French Community Commission

## Decorations

* Knight of the Order of the Crown (Belgium)
* Commander of the Order of Leopold II
# Alain Huck

Alain Huck (born 1957, in Vevey) is a Swiss contemporary visual artist in the mediums of drawing, painting, installation and photography. He lives and works in Lausanne, Switzerland.
Active since 1985, he acquired important recognition since 2006 with his "Salons noirs" series, realistic large charcoal on paper drawings. His exhibitions include solo shows at the Musée Jenisch (2006), the MAMCO (2010), Art Unlimited Basel (2011), Museum of Fine Arts of Nancy (2012), The Armory Show (2014).
# Alan Campbell (writer)

Alan Campbell (born 7 July 1971) is a Scottish fantasy novelist.

## Biography

Campbell was born and raised in Falkirk, Scotland. He studied computer science at the University of Edinburgh. After graduating, he worked as a software engineer for DMA Design, Visual Sciences, and Rockstar North, developing the video games Body Harvest (for the Nintendo 64), Formula One 2000 (PlayStation), and the Grand Theft Auto series (PC, PlayStation 2). Following the completion of Grand Theft Auto: Vice City, he left to pursue a career in photography and writing.
Campbell's debut novel was Scar Night, the first of the Deepgate Codex trilogy, followed by Iron Angel in 2008, and God of Clocks in 2009. The novella Lye Street is a prequel to the series.
In 2013, Campbell was awarded an Inkpot Award.