OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Honey flow

Honey flow is a term used by beekeepers indicating that one or more major nectar sources are in bloom and the weather is favorable for bees to fly and collect the nectar in abundance.
The higher northern and southern latitudes with their longer summer day time hours can be of considerable benefit for honey production. Flowers bloom for longer hours and the time per day that bees can fly is extended, so the number of trips per day is higher. In addition, the higher latitudes do not have hot and dry periods in the summer where virtually all of the excess nectar flow dries up.
Where there are a succession of nectar sources throughout the summer season, a honeyflow may last for many weeks. In other areas significant honeyflows may only last two or three weeks per year from one or a limited number of nectar sources. The rest of the year is spent in just maintenance – a situation where the incoming nectar and pollen nearly match the needed food for the hive, or where sufficient reserve stores must be present for the hive to survive a winter season.

## Speed of work

Honeybees visit up to about 40 flowers per minute depending on floral type, nectar availability and weather conditions. Floral visitation rate by honeybees of some important crops:
| Flower | Seconds per visit |
| Apricot | 10 |
| Apple | 68 |
| Cherry | 82 |
| Raspberry | 116 |
| Black currant | 134 |
The longer the time period, the greater the nectar availability. It takes twice as much time to collect a load of nectar compared with a load of pollen. A bee will visit 100–1000 flowers per trip from the hive.
There is general agreement that a single bee will do an average of 10 trips per day (range 7–13). Large single loads of nectar may weigh 70 mg for Italian bees. Sometimes a hive may gain 4–10 kg in a single day. For a 5 kg (11 pounds) gain this means:
$7000{\text{ forager bees}}\times {\frac {10{\text{ trips in good flying weather}}}{\text{ per day}}}\times {\frac {70{\text{ mg of nectar during honey flow}}}{\text{per trip and bee}}}\times {\frac {1{\text{ kg}}}{1,000,000{\text{ mg}}}}\approx 5{\text{ kg/day}}$
In two days a strong hive with more than 20,000 foragers may fill a honey super. This is for nectar, ripe honey has its water fraction reduced significantly.
# Matunga (Penrhyn)

Matunga, also known as Morokai, is an islet in Penrhyn Atoll (Tongareva) in the Cook Islands, in the South Pacific Ocean. The islet is in the northwest of the atoll, just south of Tekasi. Matunga contains the ruins of a marae, Kirihuri, as well as a ruined church. It was one of the missionary villages depopulated by Peruvian slavers.
In 1890 after an outbreak of leprosy the island was used as a leper colony and was renamed "morokai". The remaining lepers were evacuated to Fiji in 1929.
# Pakistan at the 2014 Winter Olympics

Pakistan competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia from 7 to 23 February 2014. Pakistan's team consisted of one athlete in alpine skiing. The country competed for the second consecutive Winter Games, after making its debut four years earlier in Vancouver. The flag bearer for the opening and closing ceremonies was Pakistan's sole athlete Muhammad Karim.
The 2014 Winter Olympics marked the first time that Pakistani athlete competed in Russia as Pakistan and 63 other western nations participated at the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow because of the Soviet-Afghan war.

## Background

The first ski resort in Pakistan was opened in 1958, in the Naltar Valley. It was originally for air force pilots to train, but later opened up to civilians. The Ski Federation of Pakistan was founded in 1990. The 2010 Olympic Games was Pakistan's debut at the Winter Olympics. sending one athlete to compete in the giant slalom. They first participated at the Summer Olympics in the 1948 Games, and won their first Summer Olympics medal in 1956.
The Pakistan Ski Federation feared their qualified athlete might not be able to compete at the Games, due to the continuing conflict between the Pakistan Olympic Association and the Pakistani Government. The International Olympic Committee had given a deadline of January 2014 for both sides to solve their dispute. The issues were solved and the country did compete as scheduled.
The flag bearer for the opening and closing ceremonies was Pakistan's sole athlete Muhammad Karim.

## Alpine skiing

Pakistan qualified one athlete for alpine skiing, Muhammad Karim. Pakistan's first winter Olympian Muhammad Abbas also traveled to the Games as a backup. Karim had less than the maximum 140 points needed to qualify for the B qualification standard, a requirement set by the Federation Internationale de Ski (FIS). Abbas and skier Mir Nawaz also qualified for the Olympics, but the Ski Federation of Pakistan elected to send the best of the three to compete, since they could only send one male athlete that qualified with the B qualification standard. Muhammad Karim became the second ever athlete to represent the country at the Winter Olympics. Karim managed to improve the country's placement in the giant slalom from four years prior by finishing in 71st place (among 72 athletes that finished the race).
| Athlete | Event | Run 1 | Run 1 | Run 2 | Run 2 | Total | Total |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Muhammad Karim | Men's giant slalom | 1:43.44 | 77 | 1:43.97 | 71 | 3:27.41 | 71 |
# Harold Grad

Harold Grad (January 23, 1923 in New York City – November 17, 1986) was an American applied mathematician. His work specialized in the application of statistical mechanics to plasma physics and magnetohydrodynamics.

## Work

In statistical mechanics he had developed in his thesis new methods for the solution of the Boltzmann equation. He derived the Boltzmann equation from Liouville equation using BBGKY hierarchy under certain limits, known as Boltzmann–Grad limit. Harold Grad was the founder of the Magneto-fluid Dynamics Division of the Courant Institute and served as its head until shortly before his death From 1964 to 1967 and 1974 to 1977 he was a member of the Advisory Committee for Fusion Energy at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Grad was a critic and supporter of many early fusion schemes including picket fences, magnetic mirrors and Biconic cusps.

## Recognition

In 1970, Grad became a member of the National Academy of Sciences. He was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Nice in 1970 and in Stockholm in 1962.
In 1981, Grad was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship. In 1982, he was awarded the Eringen Medal from the Society of Engineering Science, and in 1986, he received the James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics from the American Physical Society.
The Courant Institute offers the Harold Grad Memorial Prize to outstanding performance and promise as a graduate student.

## Life

Dr. Grad received a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Cooper Union in 1943 and his masters at New York University in 1945. Grad did his doctoral work under Richard Courant and graduated in 1948. His thesis was on the approximation of the Boltzmann Equation by torque. He was then at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences of New York University from 1948 as associate professor and from 1957 until his death. Dr. Grad conducted research in magnetohydrodynamics, the mathematical formulation of plasma physics and applications of plasma physics to nuclear fusion. He led the magnetohydrodynamics department from 1956 until 1980.
# Punnainallur

Punnai Nallur is a village in the Thanjavur taluk of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India. The temple of goddess Punnainallur Mariamman is located in the outskirts of Thanjavur in the Thanjavur District.

## Demographics

As per the 2001 census, Pinnai Nallur had a total population of 5442 with 2700 males and 2742 females. The sex ratio was 1016. The literacy rate was 80.98.

## Landmark

* Punnainallur Mariamman Temple is located 5 km from Thanjavur Old Bus stand.
* Punnainallur Kothandaramar Temple
* Punnainallur Kailasanathar Temple
# 2019 Australian Open – Wheelchair women's doubles

Diede de Groot and Aniek van Koot defeated the defending champion Marjolein Buis and her partner Sabine Ellerbrock in the final, 5–7, 7–6$^{(7–4)}$, [10–8] to win the women's doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2019 Australian Open. It was their first step towards an eventual Grand Slam, and de Groot completed the career Grand Slam with the win.
Buis and Yui Kamiji were the defending champions, but did not participate together. Kamiji partnered Giulia Capocci, but was defeated in the semifinals by de Groot and van Koot.

## Seeds

* Diede de Groot / Aniek van Koot (champions)
* Marjolein Buis / Sabine Ellerbrock (final)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | Diede de Groot Aniek van Koot | 6 | 6 | | | | | | |
| | Giulia Capocci Yui Kamiji | 2 | 0 | | | | | | |
| | Giulia Capocci Yui Kamiji | 2 | 0 | | 1 | Diede de Groot Aniek van Koot | 5 | 7$^7$ | [10] |
| | | | | | 2 | Marjolein Buis Sabine Ellerbrock | 7 | 6$^4$ | [8] |
| | Kgothatso Montjane Lucy Shuker | 6 | 1 | [7] | 2 | Marjolein Buis Sabine Ellerbrock | 7 | 6$^4$ | [8] |
| 2 | Marjolein Buis Sabine Ellerbrock | 2 | 6 | [10] | | | | | |
# Phoenix Show Palace

33°29′37″N 112°08′30″W﻿ / ﻿33.4937°N 112.1417°W﻿ / 33.4937; -112.1417
The Phoenix Show Palace (formerly the Phoenix Coliseum) was an indoor ice skating rink and multipurpose venue for trade shows, concerts and sporting events in Phoenix, Arizona, US.
The inaugural event at the Phoenix Coliseum was a Bob Hope Concert on September 28, 1956. Several other concerts, trade shows and sporting events were held at the Phoenix Coliseum before it ran into financial problems, the final concert to be held before bankruptcy was the June 2, 1957 concert by Frank Sinatra. Plagued by several problems the coliseum never reached its intended potential; poor acoustics, difficult street access and finally a lack of air conditioning condemned the facility to failure. By June 25, 1957 the Phoenix Coliseum filed for bankruptcy. For a period of time after declaring bankruptcy, concerts and other events continued to be held at the Phoenix Coliseum. By 1961 the Phoenix Coliseum had been converted to discount retail space.
In September 1974, the site of the former Phoenix Coliseum had reverted from retail space to a concert, sporting and event hall venue and was renamed "Phoenix Show Palace" and was also known as "The Show Palace". The Phoenix Show Palace lasted 6 months and was not used as a concert or event hall after March 1975.
The stated capacity of The Show Palace was 8,800. Live rock concerts, closed-circuit TV and live boxing matches along with open to the public free lectures and a trade show were held at this venue, as they were when the venue was The Phoenix Coliseum. The final advertisement for the Phoenix Show Palace was for a March 31, 1975 boxing match.
Blue Öyster Cult recorded part of their live album "On Your Feet or On Your Knees" at the Phoenix Show Palace 14 October 1974 in a triple bill of Golden Earring, T. Rex and Blue Öyster Cult. Album credits state that "Show Palace" Phoenix, AZ was one of seven venues used to record the live album.
The address for this venue was 3839 West Indian School Road at 38th Avenue, Phoenix, AZ.
Today, the site of the former Phoenix Coliseum/Phoenix Show Palace has reverted to retail space.
# Klippan, Scania

Klippan (literally the Cliff) is a locality and the seat of Klippan Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 8,116 inhabitants in 2010.
The famous liberal economist Bertil Ohlin was a native of Klippan. In September 1995, a young man named Gerard Gbeyo was reportedly murdered within the town by 2 Nazi sympathizers.

## Sports

The following sports clubs are located in Klippan:
* Klippans FF
# Maurice B. Clark

Maurice B. Clark (1827–1901) was a partner in a produce business with John D. Rockefeller Sr., along with Clark's two brothers, James and Richard. Clark was from Malmesbury, England and moved to the United States in 1847. He studied with Rockefeller at Folsom's Commercial College in Ohio.
His business career began with the firm of Otis & Sinclair. He went on a partnership with John D. Rockefeller in 1856, forming a grain and produce business named Clark & Rockefeller. In 1858, a new partner was added, George W. Gardner, later Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, and the Rockefeller name was removed to become Clark, Gardner & Company until 1862.
They had become the largest grain dealers in Cleveland. Gardner withdrew from the partnership and it became Clark & Rockefeller once more and other partners were added afterwards to become Clark, Rockefeller, & Co in 1864. During the American Civil War (1863), the two partners went into the oil business. Eventually, Rockefeller bought Clark's (and his brothers') share of the company at auction for $72,500.
Following this, Clark went on to start another oil company, the Star Oil company, which passed through several names and changes of partner, becoming Clark Brothers & Co, and Clark, Payne, & Co. In 1868, he joined new partners to form the Clark, Schurmer, & Scofield Company, which then became Clark, Scofield, and Teagle. Following his work in the oil industry, he helped to organize the Cleveland Co-operative Stove Company. At the time of his death, he presided over the board of directors and he had been the company's president for twenty years.
In addition to his work in the business community, he served one term in the City Council of Cleveland, representing the "old fourth ward" from 1872 to 1873. He was also a prominent abolitionist, and one of the charter members of the First Wesleyan Methodist Church, known for its abolitionist outlook.
# The Great Disruptors

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Chronicles of Chaos | |
The Great Disruptors is the first EP by American rock band Sweethead and was released on July 13, 2009. It included a cover of The Kinks' "Tired of Waiting for You" which can also be downloaded for free at the band's website.

## Track listing

All tracks written by Sims, Van Leeuwen, Nappi and Block except where noted.

## Personnel
### Sweethead

* Serrina Sims – vocals
* Troy Van Leeuwen – guitar, backing vocals, keyboards, bass
* Eddie Nappi – bass
* Norm Block – drums

### Production personnel

* Troy Van Leeuwen – production, mixing, engineering
* Eddie Nappi – engineering
* Alain Johannes – mastering
# Harold Grant (disambiguation)

Harold Grant was a football coach.
Harold Grant may also refer to:
* Harold Grant, character in Strange Brother
* Harold Taylor Wood Grant, Canadian naval officer
# 2017 Laurie O'Reilly Cup

The 2017 Laurie O'Reilly Cup was the tenth edition of the competition and was held on 13 June at Christchurch. It was the first time the Black Ferns and the Wallaroos had played in the South Island since 1997. The match was part of the June International series that was hosted by New Zealand who played against Australia, Canada, and England. The June tests was to help provide quality matches as the teams prepared for the upcoming Rugby World Cup in Ireland.
New Zealand retained the O'Reilly Cup after thrashing Australia 44–17.

## Match

| FB | 15 | Selica Winiata |
| RW | 14 | Honey Hireme |
| OC | 13 | Stacey Fluhler |
| IC | 12 | Theresa Fitzpatrick |
| LW | 11 | Portia Woodman |
| FH | 10 | Kelly Brazier |
| SH | 9 | Kendra Cocksedge |
| N8 | 8 | Charmaine McMenamin |
| BF | 7 | Sarah Hirini |
| OF | 6 | Charmaine Smith |
| RL | 5 | Becky Wood |
| LL | 4 | Eloise Blackwell |
| TP | 3 | Aldora Itunu |
| HK | 2 | Fiao'o Fa'amausili |
| LP | 1 | Toka Natua |
| Replacements: ||
| HK | 16 | Te Kura Ngata-Aerengamate |
| PR | 17 | Sosoli Talawadua |
| PR | 18 | Aleisha-Pearl Nelson |
| FL | 19 | Leslie-Ann Elder |
| FL | 20 | Linda Itunu |
| SH | 21 | Kristina Sue |
| FH | 22 | Victoria Subritzky-Nafatali |
| CE | 23 | Chelsea Semple |
| Coach: ||
| Glenn Moore ||
| FB | 15 | Ashleigh Hewson |
| RW | 14 | Cobie-Jane Morgan |
| OC | 13 | Sharni Williams |
| IC | 12 | Kayla Sauvao |
| LW | 11 | Samantha Treherne |
| FH | 10 | Fenella Hake |
| SH | 9 | Katrina Barker |
| N8 | 8 | Victoria Latu |
| BF | 7 | Vesinia Schaaf-Taufa |
| OF | 6 | Chloe Butler |
| RL | 5 | Alexandra Sulusi |
| LL | 4 | Millie Boyle |
| TP | 3 | Caroline Fairs |
| HK | 2 | Cheyenne Campbell |
| LP | 1 | Hana Ngaha |
| Replacements: ||
| HK | 16 | Liz Patu |
| PR | 17 | Violeta Tupuola |
| PR | 18 | Hilisha Samoa |
| LK | 19 | Alisha Hewett |
| FL | 20 | Kiri Lingman |
| BK | 21 | Ashleigh Timoko |
| FH | 22 | Sarah Riordan |
| BK | 23 | Nareta Marsters |
| Coach: ||
| Paul Verrell ||
# Accession number

Accession number may refer to:
* Accession number (bioinformatics), a unique identifier given to a biological polymer sequence (DNA, protein) when it is submitted to a sequence database
* Accession number (cultural property), a unique identifier assigned to each acquisition of a library or museum
# Piera Fatehial

Piera Fatehial is a village and union council of Talagang District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. It is a village of Talagang Tehsil, the word "Pira" is from Pothari meaning sitting or chair, while "Fatehial" is a clan of the Awan Tribe.
The village is located around 15 km from Talagang, its population is more than 10,000, it is one of the most educated village in the area. It has a fresh water canal which is in some places especially near the village 300 ft down from the ground level which make it same like a valley that is in some places 1 km in width. It is the picnic place in the area and is surrounded by green small hills. It has 2 small dams. It is known for its ground nuts.
# Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 5

Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 5 is a gene that encodes a membrane protein thought to play a role in bone mineralization.

## Genomics

The gene is located on the short arm of the Crick strand of chromosome 11 (11p15.5). It is located with a cluster of interferon inducible genes but is itself not interferon inducible. The gene is 1,327 bases in length and encodes a protein of 132 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 14378 daltons. Expression in adults is bone specific and highest in osteoblasts.
The homolog in the mouse is located on chromosome 7. A homolog is also known to be present in lizards.

## Evolution

The gene first appeared in bony fish and its bone specific expression appears to be limited to therian mammals.

## Biochemistry

The protein has two transmembrane domains. It associates with FK506 binding protein 11.

## Clinical

Mutations in the gene are associated with osteogenesis imperfecta type 5.
# Knetzgau

Knetzgau is a municipality in the district of Haßberge in Bavaria in Germany. It consists of eight villages: Oberschwappach, Unterschwappach, Westheim, Hainert, Eschenau, Neuhaus, Zell am Ebersberg, Wohnau and Zeil.
# Maulstick

A maulstick or mahlstick /ˈmɔːlstɪk/ MAWL-stik is a stick with a soft leather or padded head used by painters to support the working hand with a paintbrush or pen. The word derives from the German and Dutch Malstock or maalstok 'painting stick', from malen 'to paint'.
In 16th- through 19th-century paintings of artists, including self-portraits, the maulstick is often depicted as part of the painter's equipment.

## Gallery

* William-Adolphe Bouguereau holding painting implements
* Self portrait of Caterina van Hemessen
* Self-portrait by Sofonisba Anguissola
* Portrait of Eva Gonzalès, by Édouard Manet
* Detail of Vermeer's The Art of Painting with artist using mahlstick
* M. C. Escher using a mahlstick while working on Sphere Surface with Fish (1958)
# Holger Tou

Holger Tou (1 March 1919 – 30 January 1947) was a Norwegian police official and member of the fascist party Nasjonal Samling since before World War II, who was sentenced to death in 1946 and executed in 1947. He was born in Stavanger. During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany he was hired as a police officer by the regular Norwegian police in 1940. For a time he served as a volunteer in the 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking, before he was back in the police as a police officer in Stavanger in 1942. He was then loaned to the Statspolitiet and was involved in several operations cooperating with the German Sicherheitspolizei. Tou became a full-time employee for Statspolitiet in February 1945.
In the legal purge, he was sentenced to death for murder, torture, bodily harm, aggravated assault with dangerous tools and maltreatment of his own countrymen by the Supreme Court of Norway 6 September 1946. Tou was executed by firing squad at Sverresborg Fortress in Bergen 30 January 1947.
# Acropteroxys lecontei

Acropteroxys lecontei is a species of lizard beetle in the family Erotylidae. It is found in North America.
# Mictosoma

Mictosoma is a monotypic genus of crustaceans belonging to the monotypic family Mictosomatidae. The only species is Mictosoma ramosum.
The species is found in Northern Europe.
# Piedmont University (California)

Piedmont University is an unaccredited non-profit Christian institution in Los Angeles. It emphasizes preparation for the evangelical ministry, along with education in traditional Asian medicine. It offers the degree programs of Bachelor of Arts in Theology (B.A. Th.), Master of Arts in Missiology (M.A. Miss.), Master of Arts in Church Music (M.A.C.M), Master of Science in Oriental Medicine (M.S.O.M), and Doctor of Ministry (D.Min.).

## History

In 2000, Piedmont University was started as a religious school.
In 2011, Piedmont University started a school of business and management, primarily using distant education, offering a Master's of Business Management (MBA) with concentration of studies in both traditional business subjects but also that of Church Management. Also the University plans to open a program in American Business Culture and English in a traditional classroom format.
The school is not accredited, but its programs were listed in the State of California's Bureau for Private Postsecondary and Vocational Education. The president is J. William Stinde, Ph.D. and the chancellor and CEO is Rev. Dr. Sooueng Gan, Th.D., D.D.