OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Medical device reporting

Medical device reporting (MDR) is the procedure for the Food and Drug Administration to get significant medical device adverse events information from manufacturers, importers and user facilities, so these issues can be detected and corrected quickly, and the same lot of that product may be recalled. Consumers and health professionals report any adverse event caused by the device to MedWatch program for reporting significant adverse events or product problems with medical products.

## History

Legislation requiring device user facility reporting was enacted by Congress to increase the amount of information the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and device manufacturers receive about problems with medical devices. Although manufacturers and importers of medical devices have been required since 1984 to report to FDA all device-related deaths, serious injuries, and certain malfunctions, numerous studies have shown widespread underreporting. A 1986 General Accounting Office (GAO) study showed that less than one percent of device problems occurring in hospitals are reported to the FDA, and that the more serious the problem with a device, the less likely it was to be reported. A GAO follow-up study in 1989 concluded that despite full implementation of the Medical Device Reporting (MDR) regulation, serious shortcomings still existed.
Under the Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990 (SMDA), device user facilities must report device-related deaths to the FDA and the manufacturer, if known. The facilities must also report device-related serious injuries to the manufacturer, or to the FDA if the manufacturer is not known. In addition, SMDA also required that device user facilities submit to FDA, on a semiannual basis, a summary of all reports submitted during that time period. The device user facility reporting section of SMDA became effective on November 28, 1991.
To implement SMDA, FDA published a tentative final rule in the Federal Register on November 26, 1991, inviting comments; over 300 comments were received. On June 16, 1992, the President signed into law the Medical Devices Amendments of 1992 (Public Law 102–300) making minor changes. A final rule published in the Federal Register on December 11, 1995, addresses the comments received and the mandated changes.

## Update on FDAMA

The Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act (FDAMA) made four changes that affected MDR, effective 2/19/98:
* Manufacturers and distributors/importers do not need to submit annual certification.
* Domestic distributors are no longer required to file MDR reports, but must continue to maintain complaint files.
* Importers (initial distributors for devices manufactured overseas and imported into the USA) must continue to file MDR reports.
* User facilities must now file an annual report instead of semiannual reports, and Sentinel reporting by user facilities was proposed.
# 2019 Slovak Cup final

The 2019 Slovak Cup final (known as the Slovnaft Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the final match of the 2018–19 Slovak Cup, the 50th season of the top cup competition in Slovak football. The match was played at the Štadión pod Zoborom in Nitra on 1 May 2019 between FC Spartak Trnava and MŠK Žilina.
The winners of the final was automatically qualified to the first qualifying round of the 2019–20 UEFA Europa League.

## Road to the final

Note: In all results below, the score of the finalist is given first (H: home; A: away).
| Spartak Trnava | Spartak Trnava | Round | Žilina | Žilina |
| Opponent | Result | 2018–19 Slovak Cup | Opponent | Result |
| FK Rača | 9–0 (A) | Second Round | FK Slovenské Ďarmoty | 7−0 (A) |
| Most pri Bratislave | 3−1 (A) | Third Round | Krásno nad Kysucou | 6–0 (A) |
| Bardejov | 5−0 (A) | Fourth Round | Tatran Prešov | 2–1 (A) |
| Podbrezová | 2−0 (A) | Round of 16 | Sereď | 3–1 (H) |
| FC Košice | 0–0 (4–3 p) (A) | Quarter-finals | Skalica | 4–1 (H) |
| FK Senica | 1–0 (H), 0–0 (A) (1–0 agg.) | Semi-finals | Zemplín Michalovce | 1–1 (H), 2–0 (A) (3–1 agg.) |

## Match
### Details

| FC Spartak Trnava | MŠK Žilina |
119' :
| RB | 2 | Matúš Turňa |
| CB | 14 | Myenty Abena |
| CB | 44 | Tomáš Košút | 16' |
| LB | 36 | Lucas Lovat | 31' |
| CM | 66 | Marek Janečka | | 106' |
| CM | 18 | Anton Sloboda (c) |
| CM | 17 | Fabian Miesenböck | 26' | 72' |
| RW | 24 | Kire Markoski | | 75' |
| FW | 11 | Kubilay Yilmaz |
| LW | 20 | Matúš Čonka | 100' |
| Substitutes: |||
| GK | 31 | Dobrivoj Rusov | | 119' |
| RB | 16 | Macario Hing-Glover | | 75' |
| DF | 10 | Musefiu Ashiru |
| CM | 25 | Jakub Rada |
| CF | 39 | Štefan Pekár | 72' | 114' |
| FW | 27 | Andrej Lovás |
| FW | 22 | David Depetris | | 106' |
| Manager: |||
| Michal Ščasný |||
Miloš Volešák :
| RB | 28 | Benson Anang | 90' | 106' |
| CB | 3 | Martin Králik |
| CB | 25 | Filip Kaša |
| LB | 6 | Branislav Sluka |
| CM | 66 | Miroslav Káčer | 37' |
| CM | 20 | Michal Škvarka (c) |
| CM | 9 | Iván Díaz | | 46' |
| RW | 27 | Jaroslav Mihalík | | 99' |
| CF | 10 | Filip Balaj | | 111' |
| LW | 32 | Róbert Boženík |
| Substitutes: |||
| GK | 30 | Dominik Holec |
| CB | 2 | Luka Lochoshvili |
| CB | 23 | Ján Minárik | | 106' |
| MF | 14 | Jakub Holúbek | | 46' |
| DM | 12 | Viktor Pečovský | | 111' |
| RM | 21 | Ján Bernát | | 99' |
| RW | 8 | Lukáš Jánošík |
| Manager: |||
| Jaroslav Kentoš |||
| Assistant referees: Tomáš Somoláni Ján Pozor Fourth official: Michal Tomčík | Match rules 90 minutes. 30 minutes of extra time if necessary. Penalty shoot-out if scores still level. |
# Potthastia pastoris

Potthastia pastoris is a non-biting midge species in the genus Potthastia.
# Parapamea

Parapamea is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

## Species

* Parapamea buffaloensis (Grote, 1877)
# Park Town

Park Town or Parktown may refer to:
* Park Town, Luton, Bedfordshire, England
* Park Town, Chennai, India
** Park Town (State Assembly Constituency), India
* Park Town, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England
* Parktown, a suburb of Johannesburg
* HMSAS Parktown, two ships of the South African navy
# Paremhat 15

Paremhat 14 – Coptic calendar – Paremhat 16
The fifteenth day of the Coptic month of Paremhat, the seventh month of the Coptic year. In common years, this day corresponds to March 11, of the Julian calendar, and March 24, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.

## Commemorations
### Martyrs

* The martyrdom of Saint Helias of Ahnas

### Saints

* The departure of Saint Sarah the Nun
# Huang Yao

Huang Yao (Chinese: 黄尧; pinyin: Huáng Yáo; 1917–1987) was a Chinese painter, comic artist and teacher. Born in Shanghai, he had ancestral roots in Jiashan, Zhejiang. He is known for his creation of the Niubizi (牛鼻子) cartoons in the 1930s in Shanghai.
# La Neuville-lès-Dorengt

La Neuville-lès-Dorengt (French pronunciation:, literally La Neuville near Dorengt) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
# Italian newt

The Italian newt (Lissotriton italicus) is a species of salamander in the family Salamandridae found only in Italy. The species can be found in temperate forests, temperate shrubland, Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation, freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, arable land, pastureland, rural gardens, water storage areas, ponds, and canals and ditches. It is threatened by habitat loss, natural land conversion and invasive species. It was formerly known as Triturus italicus, but was relocated to the genus Lissotriton after Triturus was split.

## Population

The Italian newt is more common in southern areas, and rarer in the northern parts of Italy.
# Metal and Allied Workers' Union

The Metal and Allied Workers' Union (MAWU) was a trade union representing workers in metalworking, engineering and related industries in South Africa.
The union was founded in April 1974 in Pietermaritzburg, with the assistance of the General Factory Workers' Benefit Fund. It admitted all workers, regardless of ethnicity, and so was unable to apply for official recognition. By the end of the year, it also had a branch in Durban, and from 1975 it was active in the Transvaal. However, it remained small, with 6,500 members in 1974, of whom only one third were fully paid up.
The union refused to participate in wage or liaison committees, instead fighting for recognition at the company level. It was admitted to the International Metalworkers' Federation. It began working closely with the National Union of Motor Assembly and Rubber Workers of South Africa and the United Automobile, Rubber and Allied Workers Union, and in 1979 they and other unions formed the Federation of South African Trade Unions.
By 1980, the union had 8,400 members, and it continued to grow. However, in 1983, some dissatisfied members left, to form the rival United Metal, Mining and Allied Workers of South Africa (UMMAWOSA).
In 1985, the union led a strike at Sarmcol in Mpophomeni, leading to 970 workers being sacked. Four members of the shop stewards' committee were abducted, and three of them were murdered, the other surviving a gunshot wound. The union achieved a compromise, with it gaining access to workers at the plant, but not official recognition.
In 1985, MAWU transferred to the new Congress of South African Trade Unions. In 1987, it merged with the Motor Industry Combined Workers' Union, the National Automobile and Allied Workers' Union and UMMAWOSA to form the National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa.

## General Secretaries

    1974: Alpheus Mthethwa
    1976: June-Rose Nala
    1984: Tembi Nabe
    1986: Moses Mayekiso
# Meyerton Commando

Meyerton Commando was a light infantry regiment of the South African Army. It formed part of the South African Army Infantry Formation as well as the South African Territorial Reserve.

## History
### Origin

This unit was originally known as the De Deur Commando.

### Operations
#### With the SADF

The units changed its name to the Meyerton Commando from 1 January 1971.
During the retirement function of Commandant Dirk Burger in May 1975, a revue parade was held in Meyerton.
The old school building of Laerskool Voorwaarts was used as its headquarters from 1982.

##### Freedom of Entry

The unit received its Freedom of Entry to Meyerton on 10 April 1984.

#### With the SANDF
##### Disbandment

This unit, along with all other Commando units was disbanded after a decision by South African President Thabo Mbeki to disband all Commando Units. The Commando system was phased out between 2003 and 2008 "because of the role it played in the apartheid era", according to the Minister of Safety and Security Charles Nqakula.

## Leadership

Leadership :
| From | Honorary Colonels | To |
| XXX | XXX | XXX |
| From | Commanding Officers | To |
| 1975 | Cmdt D Burger | nd |
| 1980 | Cmdt E Weilbach | nd |
| From | Regimental Sergeants Major | To |
| XXX | XXX MMM JCD | XXX |
# Hearts Are Gonna Roll

"Hearts Are Gonna Roll" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Hal Ketchum. It was released in February 1993 as the second single from his album Sure Love. The song reached number 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in May 1993. It was written by Ketchum and Ronny Scaife.

## Chart performance

"Hearts Are Gonna Roll" debuted at number 63 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of February 20, 1993.
| Chart (1993) | Peak position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 5 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 2 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1993) | Position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 77 |
| US Country Songs (Billboard) | 25 |
# Raoued

Raoued (Tunisian Arabic: رواد rawād) is a town and commune in the Ariana Governorate, Tunisia. As of 2014 it had a total population of 138,986.
Giant sandstorms wiped across most of the city in 2016.
# 2019 Uzbekistan Pro League

The 2019 Uzbekistan Pro League is the 28th since its establishment. The competition started on 19 March 2019.

## Teams

| Club | Coach | Location | Stadium | Capacity | Kit sponsor | Shirt sponsor |
| Iftikhor | Khayrullo Mirzajonov | Oltiariq | Oltiariq Central Stadium | 500 | Adidas | |
| Istiqlol | Sergey Lebedev | Fergana | Fargona Stadium | 22,000 | Nike | |
| Khorazm | Alexander Ezhov | Urgench | Xorazm Stadium | 13,500 | Joma | |
| Mash'al | Asror Aliqulov | Mubarek | Bahrom Vafoev Stadium | 13,000 | Saller | Uzbekneftegaz |
| Neftchi Fergana | Abdusamat Durmonov | Fergana | Fargona Stadium | 22,000 | Joma | FNQIZ |
| Oqtepa | Ravshan Bozorov | Tashkent | Stadion Oq-tepa | 2,000 | Nike | Tashkent City |
| Sherdor | Bakhtiyor Sattorov | Samarkand | Samarkand Stadium | 13,800 | Joma | |
| Shurtan | Sergei Kovshov | G‘uzor | G'uzor Stadium | 7,000 | Saller | Uzbekneftegaz |

### Foreign Players

* Club
* Iftikhor
* Istiqlol
* Khorazm
* Mash'al Mubarek
* Neftchi Fergana
* Oqtepa
* Sherdor
* Shurtan

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion, qualification or relegation |
| 1 | Mash'al | 28 | 16 | 7 | 5 | 49 | 24 | +25 | 55 | Promotion to 2020 Uzbekistan Super League |
| 2 | Istiqlol | 28 | 16 | 5 | 7 | 61 | 28 | +33 | 53 | |
| 3 | Oqtepa | 28 | 16 | 3 | 9 | 59 | 42 | +17 | 51 | |
| 4 | Shurtan | 28 | 15 | 3 | 10 | 56 | 36 | +20 | 48 | |
| 5 | Neftchi Fergana | 28 | 15 | 3 | 10 | 37 | 26 | +11 | 48 | |
| 6 | Khorazm | 28 | 14 | 5 | 9 | 55 | 37 | +18 | 47 | |
| 7 | Sherdor | 28 | 4 | 2 | 22 | 36 | 73 | −37 | 14 | Relegation to Uzbekistan Pro-B League |
| 8 | Iftikhor | 28 | 1 | 2 | 25 | 16 | 103 | −87 | 5 | Relegation to Uzbekistan Pro-B League |

## Goalscorers

    As of November 2019
| # | Player | Club | Goals |
| 1 | Pavel Purishkin | FC Oqtepa | 19 |
| 2 | Sherzod Temirov | Shurtan Guzar | 17 |
| 4 | Anvar Khojimirzaev | Istiqlol | 13 |
| 5 | Temur Bekchanov | Khorazm | 13 |
| 6 | Sardor Sotvoldiev | Istiqlol | 12 |
| 6 | Jasur Kholturaev | Shurtan Guzar | 12 |
# Paratriathlon at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Women's PTWC

The Paratriathlon at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Women's PTWC event at the 2020 Paralympic Games took place at 06:31 on 29 August 2021 at the Odaiba Marine Park.

## Results

Key : T = Transition; L = Lap
| Rank | Bib | Name | Nationality | Swim | T1 | Bike | Bike | Bike | Bike | T2 | Run | Run | Run | Run | Time |
| Rank | Bib | Name | Nationality | Swim | T1 | L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | T2 | L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | Time |
| | 106 | Kendall Gretsch | United States | 11:12 | 1:33 | 8:45 | 8:58 | 9:03 | 9:12 | 0:43 | 3:00 | 3:16 | 3:15 | 3:24 | 1:06:25 |
| | 104 | Lauren Parker | Australia | 11:47 | 2:11 | 9:12 | 9:21 | 9:08 | 9:22 | 1:09 | 3:17 | 3:35 | 3:33 | 3:51 | 1:06:26 |
| | 101 | Eva Moral | Spain | 13:51 | 2:03 | 9:56 | 10:41 | 10:26 | 10:24 | 1:05 | 3:49 | 4:07 | 4:04 | 4:33 | 1:14:59 |
| 4 | 108 | Jessica Ferreira | Brazil | 16:31 | 2:12 | 9:51 | 10:00 | 10:15 | 10:20 | 1:13 | 3:56 | 3:50 | 3:57 | 4:18 | 1:16:23 |
| 5 | 107 | Brenda Osnaya | Mexico | 14:34 | 1:46 | 10:37 | 10:34 | 10:43 | 10:51 | 1:15 | 3:51 | 4:07 | 3:57 | 4:17 | 1:16:32 |
| 6 | 102 | Mona Francis | France | 11:23 | 1:48 | 10:04 | 9:48 | 9:53 | 9:54 | 1:01 | 4:38 | 5:13 | 4:28 | 4:35 | 1:16:49 |
| 7 | 103 | Margret IJdema | Netherlands | 13:29 | 2:04 | 10:14 | 10:34 | 10:43 | 10:53 | 1:11 | 4:12 | 4:25 | 4:28 | 4:42 | 1:16:55 |
| 8 | 109 | Rita Cuccuru | Italy | 15:34 | 2:00 | 10:00 | 10:11 | 10:08 | 10:34 | 1:34 | 4:29 | 4:35 | 4:46 | 5:15 | 1:19:06 |
| 9 | 110 | Wakako Tsuchida | Japan | 15:48 | 1:45 | 10:23 | 10:24 | 10:32 | 10:44 | 1:14 | 3:09 | 3:31 | 3:49 | 7:09 | 1:22:32 |
| DNF | 105 | Emily Tapp | Australia | 14:48 | 1:50 | 9:45 | | | | | | | | | |
Source:
# Hotel High Range

Hotel High Range is a 1968 Indian Malayalam-language spy thriller film, directed and produced by P. Subramaniam. The film stars Sharada, Ramakrishna, Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair, Kallayam Krishnadas and Aranmula Ponnamma. It was released on 28 June 1968.

## Cast

* Sharada as Nalini
* Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair as Rajasahib
* Kallayam Krishnadas
* Aranmula Ponnamma as Ramesh's mother
* Bahadoor
* Jyothi
* Kottarakkara Sreedharan Nair as Dhanesh
* Nellikode Bhaskaran
* Paravoor Bharathan as Vasu
* Ramakrishna as Ramesh
* S. P. Pillai as Velu Pilla
* K. V. Shanthi as Madhumathi/Gracy

## Soundtrack

The music is composed by G. Devarajan, and lyrics were written by Vayalar Ramavarma.
# Jan Jensen (ice hockey)

Jan Jensen (born August 19, 1971) is a retired Danish ice hockey goaltender who participated at the 2003 and 2004 IIHF World Championships as a member of the Denmark men's national ice hockey team.
# La dama de Troya

La dama de Troya is a Colombian telenovela created by Felipe Forero, Guido Jácome and Alejandro Torres Reyes. It aired on RCN Televisión from 15 April 2008 to 4 March 2009. The series stars Cristina Umaña and Andrés Juan.

## Cast
### Main

* Cristina Umaña as Patricia Cruz
* Andrés Juan as Sebastián de la Torre
* Rolando Tarajano as Antonio de la Torre
* Myriam de Lourdes as Esther de la Torre
* Valentina Acosta as Jimena "Nena" Fontalvo
* Mauricio Figueroa as Fabián Fontalvo
* Marcela Agudelo as Susana De Fontalvo
* Adriana Ricardo as Jacinta Páez
* Roberto Cano as Martín Acero
* Claude Pimont as Pierre Le Grand
* Carolina Sabino as Julieta Segunda
* Ronald Ayazo as Gabino Enciso
* Rodolfo Valdés as Simón Enciso
* Nicole Santamaria as Betsy Grisales
* Gerardo de Francisco as Ramón Pardo
* Martha Silva as Yolanda de Pardo

### Recurring and guest stars

* Rafael Martínez as Rubén
* Jacqueline Aristizábal as Camila
* Lina Angarita as Mariana Rodríguez
* José Narváez as Esteban Camargo
* Evelyn Santos as Karina
* Liliana Lozano as Carmentea
* Yesenia Valencia as Diana
* Daniel Rocha as Roque Restrepo

## Adaptation

In 2021, a Mexican adaptation of the telenovela titled La desalmada was produced by Televisa starring Livia Brito and José Ron.
# LWD Żuraw

The LWD Żuraw was a Polish utility and liaison aircraft prototype of 1951, a high-wing monoplane with single engine, that did not enter production. The name means crane.

## Design and development

The aircraft was designed in 1949 by the LWD (Lotnicze Warsztaty Doświadczalne⁣ – Aircraft Experimental Workshops) as a utility and liaison aircraft for the Polish Air Force. The chief designer was Tadeusz Sołtyk. It was the last LWD design. A prototype first flew on 16 May 1951 (pilot Antoni Szymański). Because of a shortage of more powerful engines, it was fitted with the only available license-built Soviet radial Shvetsov M-11FR (118 kW, 160 hp). In addition to increased airframe weight (it was 160 kg heavier, than expected), the engine appeared too weak.
To obtain STOL capabilities, the wings had slats and flaps. The wings were thinner near the canopy to obtain a good view, and they were slightly swept forward. Despite advantages, like short takeoff and landing and low stall speed, the performance was poor and the plane was not ordered for production. It was considered to use more powerful WN-3 or Ivchenko AI-14 engines, but the design was abandoned, because Poland had bought a license to produce the Yakovlev Yak-12M.
An unusual feature was the triple tail, with two small vertical stabilizers in addition to a main central one. It was meant to improve aircraft stability at high angles of attack.

## Usage

The prototype was painted in Polish Air Force colours and markings, but was not used by the Polish Air Force. In 1951, it was passed to the Aviation Institute (Instytut Lotnictwa) to obtain certification of approval, and next it was used there for a couple of years. In 1952, it was given a civilian registration, SP-GLB. The prototype was withdrawn from use in 1960 and in 1963 given to the Polish Aviation Museum in Kraków, where it remains in a damaged condition.

## Specifications

Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1956–57
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Capacity: 2
* Length: 8.26 m (27 ft 1 in)
* Wingspan: 11.70 m (38 ft 5 in)
* Width: 4.42 m (14 ft 6 in) (wings folded)
* Height: 2.56 m (8 ft 5 in)
* Wing area: 21 m$^2$ (230 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 6.52:1
* Airfoil: NACA 23012
* Empty weight: 899 kg (1,982 lb)
* Gross weight: 1,157 kg (2,551 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Shvetsov M-11FR air-cooled 5-cylinder radial engine, 120 kW (160 hp)
* Propellers: 2-bladed wooden, 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) diameter
Performance
* Maximum speed: 175 km/h (109 mph, 94 kn)
* Cruise speed: 140 km/h (87 mph, 76 kn)
* Range: 950 km (590 mi, 510 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 2,500 m (8,200 ft)
* Rate of climb: 2.1 m/s (410 ft/min)
# La Celle

La Celle is the name or part of the name of nineteen communes of France:
* La Celle, Allier, in the Allier département
* La Celle, Cher, in the Cher département
* La Celle, Puy-de-Dôme, in the Puy-de-Dôme département
* La Celle, Var, in the Var département
* La Celle-Condé, in the Cher département
* La Celle-Dunoise, in the Creuse département
* La Celle-en-Morvan, in the Saône-et-Loire département
* La Celle-Guenand, in the Indre-et-Loire département
* La Celle-les-Bordes, in the Yvelines département
* La Celle-Saint-Avant, in the Indre-et-Loire département
* La Celle-Saint-Cloud, in the Yvelines département
* La Celle-Saint-Cyr, in the Yonne département
* La Celle-sous-Chantemerle, in the Marne département
* La Celle-sous-Gouzon, in the Creuse département
* La Celle-sous-Montmirail, in the Aisne département
* La Celle-sur-Loire, in the Nièvre département
* La Celle-sur-Morin, in the Seine-et-Marne département
* La Celle-sur-Nièvre, in the Nièvre département
* Vernou-la-Celle-sur-Seine, in the Seine-et-Marne département
# La Celia

La Celia ((Spanish pronunciation:) elevation 1480m) is a town and municipality in the Department of Risaralda, Colombia. About 67 km away from the capital Pereira. It belongs to the central-western region of the country and the Western Slope of Risaralda, noted for its agricultural and livestock production.

## History

In 1893 Manuel Marín and Martín Ortiz began the colonizing process and thanks to the efforts of their people, in 1915 the hamlet of Barcelona became what we know today as La Celia. A town that for a long time was a district of the Municipality of Santuario and that was finally declared a Municipality on November 30, 1959.

## Climate

La Celia has a subtropical highland climate with an average annual temperature of 18 °C.
# Laban sign

The Laban sign is a Filipino hand gesture made by extending the thumb horizontally and the index finger pointing up, leaving the other fingers closed to create the letter L, which stands for laban (Filipino for "fight"). It is sometimes mistaken for the mildly offensive Western "loser" and "raised gun" gestures, to which it is unrelated.
The term "LABAN" is an abbreviation of Lakas ng Bayan ("People's Power"), a former political coalition organised by opposition Senator Benigno S. Aquino Jr. for the 1978 Interim Batasang Pambansa regional elections. The gesture was popularized in 1983 during Senator Aquino's funeral, and the 1986 People Power Revolution that his assassination had precipitated. The Laban sign branding was bestowed on Ninoy's widow, Cory Aquino, along with the color yellow by Public Relations practitioner Reli German.
In 2009, the Laban sign was again widely seen during the funeral of Cory Aquino, and the subsequent presidential campaign of their son, President Benigno Aquino III, before the 2010 Philippine elections. In 2021, upon announcing the presidential bid of Vice President Leni Robredo for the upcoming 2022 elections, the gesture was associated with her campaign.