OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Liabygda

Liabygda is a village in Stranda Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located on the northern shore of the Norddalsfjorden, just north of the mouth of the Sunnylvsfjorden. Liabygda and its immediate vicinity are separated from the rest of the municipality by the fjord. There is a ferry from Liabygda at Gravaneset to the village of Stranda on the south side of the Storfjorden. Liabygda Church is located in this village, serving the part of Stranda on the eastern side of the fjord.
# Lewis Rudolph

William Lewis Rudolph (December 6, 1919 – December 28, 2014) was an American businessman who helped to co-found the Krispy Kreme doughnut company with his brother, Vernon Rudolph, during the 1930s. He also helped open the first Krispy Kreme in Nashville, Tennessee. Lewis Rudolph later served as Vice President of Krispy Kreme, while Vernon Rudolph served as president and CEO of the company.
Lewis Rudolph was born on December 6, 1919, in Marshall County, Kentucky. He was one of four children born to Rethie and Plumie Rudolph. His father, Plumie, operated a general store in Marshall County.
In the early 1930s, Lewis Rudolph's uncle, Ishmael Armstrong, and his brother, Vernon, who was 18 years old at the time, began a yeast doughnut, based on a recipe they had received from a chef from New Orleans. However, the economic downturn during the Great Depression caused financial difficulties for both Plumie Rudolph's general store and Vernon Rudolph's doughnut business. The entire family relocated to Nashville to pursue better financial opportunities. Lewis Rudolph's father, Plumie, soon purchased Ishmael Armstrong's doughnut business from him.
Lewis Rudolph dropped out of high school to work at the family doughnut business. He spent days mixing ingredients by hand. The doughnut shop proved successful and the family was able to expand to new shops in Charleston, West Virginia, and Atlanta, Georgia. In 1937, Vernon Rudolph established Krispy Kreme doughnuts at a new location in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. He had decided to open the first Krispy Kreme in Winston-Salem due to the presence of Camel cigarettes in the city.
Lewis Rudolph married Jeanne Marie Fisher, a Nashville native, in 1937, the same year that his brother opened the first branded Krispy Kreme location in North Carolina. The chain continued to expand throughout the 1940s. By the time Krispy Kreme was incorporated as a company in 1947, there were eight shops in the Southeast United States. Lewis Rudolph became Vice President of Krispy Kreme, while Vernon served as president and CEO.
Lewis Rudolph moved back to Nashville from Winston-Salem in 1959 in order to acquire the city's two Krispy Kreme locations. He continued to work at Krispy Kreme for the next 48 years, until his retirement in 1985. Rudolph opened two additional Krispy Kreme franchise locations in Nashville during the 1960s – one was located on Thompson Lane, while the other was located on West End Avenue.
Vernon Rudolph, his brother and Krispy Kreme's founder, died in 1973. In 1976, Krispy Kreme merged with Beatrice Foods of Chicago. By the early 1980s, sales at Krispy Kreme were in decline. In 1983, Lewis Rudolph, together with other franchisees, organized a buyout of the doughnut company. Lewis Rudolph sold his Krispy Kreme shops to the company in 1983 and retired from the doughnut business in 1985.
Lewis Rudolph died in Nashville, Tennessee, on December 28, 2014, at the age of 95. He was survived his wife, Jeanne Fisher Rudolph, whom he married in 1937; four children, twelve grandchildren, twenty-two great-grandchildren and one great, great-grandchild.
# Li Shi

Li Shi or Lishi may refer to:

## People

* Li Shi (emperor) (died 361), emperor of Cheng Han
* Lishi (Three Kingdoms) (李氏, died 263), noble lady and aristocrat from the Three Kingdoms period.
* Li Shi (Tang dynasty) (fl. 9th century), Tang dynasty chief councilor
* Li Shi (Grand Secretary) [zh] (1471–1538), Ming dynasty mandarin
* Mao Yuanxin (born 1941), Mao Zedong's nephew, later known as Li Shi
* Lady Li (disambiguation) (李氏), a list of imperial Chinese women with the surname Li

## Places in China

* Lishi District, the only district of Lüliang, Shanxi
* Lishi, Chongqing (李市), a town in Chongqing
* Lishi, Guangdong (犁市), a town in Shaoguan, Guangdong
* Lishi, Hubei (李市), a town in Shayang County, Hubei
* Lishi, Jiangxi (历市), a town in Dingnan County, Jiangxi
* Lishi, Sichuan (李市), a town in Longchang, Sichuan
* Lishi Subdistrict (李石街道), a subdistrict in Wanghua District, Fushun, Liaoning
# Li Shengwu (politician)

Li Shengwu (Chinese: 李聖五; pinyin: Lǐ Shèngwǔ; Wade–Giles: Li Sheng-wu, 1899–1985) was a Chinese politician and diplomat of the Republic of China who later became an important figure of the Wang Jingwei Government of Wang Jingwei.

## Biography

He was born in Tai'an, Shandong Province, during the late Qing Dynasty. Li graduated from the law school at Peking National University and later studied abroad in Japan, at the law school of Tokyo Imperial University, and at Oxford University in the UK. He became a professor at Fudan University upon returning to China. In 1932, Li started working for the Nationalist government and in December of that year he served as a member of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs chief administrative office. In 1935, he joined the Hong Kong Institute of International Affairs. It was at that time that Li became acquainted with Wang Jingwei. In June 1937 he returned to work in the foreign ministry.
In 1940, Li joined the Japanese-sponsored Reorganized National Government of China, led by Wang, as a high-ranking official of the judicial department and a member of the Kuomintang (Wang Jingwei faction) central committee. He was also appointed to various other government committees. In September 1941 he was appointed as the ambassador to Germany. In 1942, he was also made as minister to Denmark in addition to his role as the ambassador to Germany, but was unable to travel to either country to take up his posts. In April 1945, he was named the Minister of Foreign Affairs and appointed to various other government bodies.
Following the defeat of Japan in August 1945, he was arrested by Chiang Kai-shek's government and imprisoned in Nanjing. In 1947 he received a sentence of 15 years in prison. However, Li was later released and retired in Hong Kong, where he taught law and Chinese literature. From 1984, he lived in Jiamusi, in the People's Republic of China, with his eldest daughter. Li died in 1985.

## Sources

* Xu Xiang. People Dictionary of Korea Revised Edition. Hebei People's Publishing Company, 2007. ISBN 978-7-202-03014-1.
* Yu Zidao (余子道) (etc.) (2006). The Complete History of Wang's Fake Regime (汪伪政权全史). Shanghai People's Press (Shanghai Renmin Chubanshe; 上海人民出版社). ISBN 7-208-06486-5.
* Liu Shoulin (刘寿林) (etc.ed.) (1995). The Chronological Table of the Republic's Officer (民国职官年表). Zhonghua Book Company. ISBN 7-101-01320-1.
Government offices :
| Preceded byPosition established | Minister of Justice March 1940 – August 1941 | Succeeded byZhao Yusong |
| Preceded byZhao Zhengping | Minister of Education August 1941 – February 1944 | Succeeded byChen Chunpu |
| Preceded byChu Minyi | Minister of Foreign Affairs March – August 1945 | Succeeded byPosition abolished |
# Libeert

Libeert (previously known as Italo Suisse and ISIS) is a Belgian chocolate producer that was founded by Joseph Dequeker in 1923. The company produces more than 5,000 tons of chocolate annually, with a revenue of roughly €35 million.

## History
### Early years

After visiting Italy and Switzerland and learning about chocolate artisanship, Joseph Dequeker founded Italo Suisse in 1923 in Izegem, Belgium. Supposedly, many locals knew of it as the "Het Chocoladefabriekske" ("The Little Chocolate Factory" in Dutch). In the 1930s, the operation was moved slightly westward from Izegem to Roeselare.

### Location move

At one point, Libeert moved its headquarters southward into the border municipality of Comines-Warneton.

### Name changes

In 2013, as Italo Suisse, the company changed its name to ISIS, an acronym of the previous name repeated twice and after the Egyptian goddess Isis, as people mistook them as an Italian or Swiss company due to their ambiguous name. However, when the Islamic State gained international attention, the company suffered a drop in sales in the Anglophone World, causing them to lose roughly between €50,000 and €100,000. In 2014, they issued the new name of Libeert, after the family that owns the company.
# Lichen Lake

Lichen Lake may refer to:
* Lichen Lake (Opawica River), Quebec, Canada
* Lichen Lake (Minnesota), United States
# Life Cinematic

Life Cinematic is a BBC television series of in-depth interviews with notable filmmakers, with clips from movies that have influenced them. With The Film Review and associated programs, Life Cinematic fills the gap left by the cancellation of the BBCs long-running Film... series in 2018. It is produced by Somethin’ Else and presented either by Edith Bowman or Robbie Collin, who give a brief résumé of the interviewee's career before conducting the interview. In the first 60-minute episode, broadcast 30 January 2020, Bowman spoke with Sir Sam Mendes, the British director whose blockbuster film 1917 was released three weeks previously.

## Episodes

| No. | Interviewee | Presenter | First broadcast |
| 1 | Sam Mendes | Edith Bowman | 30 January 2020 |
| 2 | Edgar Wright | Robbie Collin | 6 February 2020 |
| 3 | Sam Taylor-Johnson | Edith Bowman | 13 February 2020 |
| 4 | Sofia Coppola | Edith Bowman | 25 November 2020 |
| 5 | Amma Asante | Edith Bowman | 4 March 2021 |
Source: BBC Life Cinematic Episode Guide. Last updated 25 March 2021.
# Life Coach (album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 64/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| The 405 | 8/10 |
| AllMusic | |
| Loud and Quiet | 2/10 |
| NME | 6/10 |
| Pitchfork Media | 6.5/10 |
| Popmatters | 5/10 |
Life Coach is a studio album by Phil Manley of the band Trans Am, released in 2011.
# Liangshan

Liangshan may refer to the following places in China and Korea:
* Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (凉山彝族自治州), Sichuan
* Liangshan County (梁山县), Shandong
* Mount Liang (梁山), a mountain in Shandong, well known for Water Margin
* Liangping County, Chongqing, formerly Liangshan County, Sichuan
* Liangshan, Jiangxi (良山镇), town in Yushui District, Xinyu
* Liangshan, Liaoning (梁山镇), town in Xinmin, Liaoning
* Liangshan, Shaanxi (梁山镇), town in Qian County
* Liangshan, Shandong (梁山镇), town in and seat of Liangshan County
* Yangsan (梁山市), South Gyeongsang Province
# Lianzhou, Luoding

Lianzhou (Chinese: 连州) is a town of Luoding, Guangdong, China. As of 2018, it has one residential community and 16 villages under its administration.
# Liberian swamp eel

The Liberian swamp eel (Typhlosynbranchus boueti) is a species of fish in the family Synbranchidae. It is indigenous to Liberia. It has also been found in Sierra Leone, with an unconfirmed report from Côte d'Ivoire. It was first described by Jacques Pellegrin in 1922 as Typhlosynbranchus boueti, but was later moved to Monopterus. However, a 2020 study revived Typhlosynbranchus. Due to the deficiency in data, the species has not been classified with respect to endangerment.

## Description

Liberian swamp eels, like other eels, have an elongated, naked, cylindrical body. The body of the eel tapers to a point and can be described as whip-like. They grow to be at most 34.00 centimetres (13.39 in) in length, with the caudal portion (tail end) of the body being approximately 1⁄3 of the overall length of the body. The eyes are atrophied and set deep under the skin making them difficult to discern. The teeth are conical and found affixed to the jaw and palate. The gills of the fish open only slightly and are ovate in shape. It has four branchiostegal rays which support the gills. It has 140-44 abdominal vertebrae and 39-45 caudal vertebrae, totaling between 179 and 189.

## Ecology

The Liberian swamp eel lives in a tropical, demersal, freshwater environment. They have been primary found in Liberia near Monrovia, in a freshwater rivulet normally about two to three km from the sea.
While they do not prefer to take shelter in caverns, they are found to make burrows in the mud. These burrows are never found far from the sea. The male of the species is responsible for the construction and guarding of the burrow.
They are not known to be a threat to humans, nor are they a target of fishing.

## Etymology

The specific name honours the French Charge d'Affaires in Liberia, where the type was collected, Georges Théodore Louis Bouët (1869-1957) who was also a physician in the French Army, a colonial administrator and a naturalist and who sent Zoological specimens to the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris.
# Lichenaula phloeochroa

Lichenaula phloeochroa is a moth in the family Xyloryctidae. It was described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1898. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from New South Wales and Queensland.
The wingspan is 19–24 mm. The forewings are whitish with the veins partly outlined by blackish fuscous scales and the basal part of the disc sparsely irrorated with fuscous. There is a pale reddish-brown suffusion over the middle and posterior portions of the disc above the fold and several inconspicuous black dots on the apical one-third of the costa. The hindwings are pale grey.
The larvae feed on Melaleuca leucadendra. They bore in stem of their host plant.
# AthensCon

AthensCon is a non-profit multi-genre entertainment and comic book convention held annually in Athens, Attica, Greece. AthensCon is the first large-scale comic book convention held in Greece. It was founded in 2015 and it is held annually in Athens for two days in the beginning of December.

## History and organization

The location where the convention takes place is the Olympic Tae Kwon Do Stadium ( Greek: Κλειστό Παλαιού Φαλήρου) which is located in the beach front of Athens and more specifically in the Faliron Delta at the end of Andrea Syngrou Avenue in close proximity to the Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Centre (SNFCC). Currently AthensCon is one of the main conventions in the Balkan Peninsula and the Eastern Mediterranean. Furthermore, during the main event, there are also held seminars, competitions, mini-championships and other activities (such as cosplay gatherings, sword fights and retro video game exhibitions) where the visitors can participate themselves. Notable guests include: Eugenios Trivizas, Adrian_Paul, John Howe, Ian Whyte, Stefan Kapicic, Chris Achilleos, Erik J. Larsen, David Hine, Ron Marz, Steve Cardenas, Clive Russel, James O'Barr, Mark Waid and Miltos Yerolemou.
# Operation Ares

Operation Ares is a science fiction novel by American writer Gene Wolfe, published as a paperback original by Berkley Books in 1970. It was his first novel. While no later editions were issued in the United States, a hardcover edition was released in the UK market by Dobson Books in 1977, followed by a Fontana paperback in 1978. The title is sometimes rendered Operation ARES.
The novel originated from a short story written by Wolfe in 1965. He submitted the story to Damon Knight, who suggested that Wolfe expand it into a novel. Wolfe completed the novel, then titled The Laughter at Night in 1967, and sold it to Berkley Books. Wolfe and his editor, Donald R. Bensen, cut about 20% of the manuscript's 100,000-word length for publication.
Operation Ares depicts a dystopian future where the United States is controlled by an anti-technological leftist regime. The story traces protagonist John Castle's conflict with the government and his increasing involvement with a rebellion backed by a Martian colony which has severed its ties to the U.S. government. While occasionally cited as a libertarian text, Wolfe himself attributes its politics to his being "much more a doctrinaire conservative when I was a good deal younger.

## Reception

Joanna Russ found the novel unsatisfying, saying "I know what Mr. Wolfe can do when he sets his mind to it; Ares is far below his best." She described it as "a convincing, quiet, low-keyed, intelligent book which somehow fades out into nothing" and, despite praising Wolfe's technique, concluded it was "a failure, shadowy and inconclusive."
Larry McCaffery characterized Ares as "a generally undistinguished first novel."
in 2007, Wolfe said "I don't think Operation Ares is a very good novel," adding that in 1970, he "wasn't really skillful enough to write a good novel."
# Natasha Barrett

Natasha Barrett may refer to:
* Natasha Barrett (television reporter), American broadcast journalist
* Natasha Barrett (composer) (born 1972), British contemporary music composer
# La Chapelle-Saint-Laurian

La Chapelle-Saint-Laurian (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Indre department in central France.
# Dwarf codling

The dwarf codling (Notophycis marginata), is a species of morid cod found on the continental slopes in the southeast Pacific and the southwest Atlantic, where it is found down to 1,200 m (3,900 ft). This species grows to 24 cm (9.4 in) in total length.
# Donacaula microforficellus

Donacaula microforficellus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Hans Georg Amsel in 1956. It is found in Venezuela.
# Hyperamoeba

Hyperamoeba is a former genus of amoeboid protists, described in 1923. It has been shown to be polyphyletic, and the species formerly contained in it have been divided among the genera Physarum, Stemonitis and Didymium.
# Graphite (disambiguation)

Graphite is one of the allotropes of carbon.
Graphite may also refer to:
* Carbon fiber reinforced polymer
* Graphite (album), an album by Closterkeller
* Graphite Capital, a financial services company based in London
* Graphite, Ontario, a community in Canada
* Graphite (smart font technology), a font rendering system developed by SIL International
* Graphite (software), an open source monitoring tool
* Nuclear graphite, synthetic graphite used as a neutron moderator in nuclear reactors
* Graphite bomb, a weapon for disabling electrical power systems
# Graphite (album)

Graphite is the sixth studio album by Polish gothic rock band Closterkeller. It was released on April 26, 1999 in Poland through Metal Mind Productions. The album was recorded at Q-Sound studio in March 1999. The cover art was created by Tomasz "Graal" Daniłowicz and fotos by Edward Wosk and Marcin Wegner. English version of album was released on March 12, 2003 in United States through Pitchfork Promotions.
Graphite is considered to be one of the most important albums in the history of Polish rock.

## Personnel

* Anja Orthodox - vocal, keyboards, effects, lyrics
* Paweł Pieczyński - guitar
* Krzysztof Najman - bass
* Gerard Klawe - percussion
* Michał Rollinger - keyboards
* Tomasz "Mech" Wojciechowski - keyboards
Music - Closterkeller.

## Music videos

* "Na krawędzi" (1999)
* "Czas komety" (1999)

## Release history
### Original release

| Year | Label | Format | Country | Out of Print? | Notes |
| 1999 | Metal Mind Productions | CD | Poland | Yes | Original CD release |
| 2002 | Metal Mind Productions | CD | Poland | Yes | Box with Pastel album |

### English release

| Year | Label | Format | Country | Out of Print? | Notes |
| 2003 | Pitchfork Promotions, Metal Mind Productions | CD | United States, Poland | No | Original CD release |
# Norfolk Grey

The Norfolk Grey is a utility breed of chicken that originated near the city of Norwich, in Norfolk, England, in around 1910. The breed was originally created by Frederick W Myhill of Hethel, Wymondham under the name Black Maria. It is a rare breed which is currently considered to be at risk by the Rare Breeds Survival Trust.

## History

The breed was originally created by Myhill before 1914, possibly as early as 1908. During the First World War, the breed was allowed to free range while Myhill had departed for military service. On return, Myhill discovered that the birds had cross bred with other breeds and the strain had to be recreated.
The Norfolk Grey was first exhibited under the name Black Maria at the Dairy Show in 1920. In 1925, Myhill applied to the Poultry Club of Great Britain in 1925 to have the name changed to Norfolk Grey as the breed did not gain popularity under Black Maria.
The Norfolk Grey came close to dying out in the early 1970s but a private flock containing 4 birds was found in 1974 and the breed was revived.

## Characteristics

Norfolk Grey is considered to be a heavy breed but does not grow as large as many other heavy breeds. The development of this breed is not factually known but it is thought that Birchen English Game and possibly Duckwing Leghorns were used in the makeup. The game inclusion would account for the excellent meating ability and the Leghorn for the laying ability.
They have a single comb and a red face with black eyes while the legs are slate or black. Plumage is attractively marked and the male has a beautiful silver hackle striped with black as is the neck, back, saddle and wing feathers, while the rest of the plumage is black. The hen's hackle is similar to the cockerels but she has an otherwise rich black feathering all over apart from the throat which is silver laced.
They can produce a good-sized carcass for meat production if they are allowed to mature slowly and are regulars at shows where they win prizes.
The Norfolk Grey is an excellent forager and does well when free ranging. Males reach 3.2 to 3.6 kg (7.1 to 7.9 lb) while the female reach 2.25 to 2.7 kg (5.0 to 6.0 lb).

## Utility aspects

The Norfolk Grey was bred to be a utility bird, both for production of eggs and for the table.

### Eggs

Approximately 150-220 tinted (pale brown), medium-sized eggs per year from a healthy hen, and the breed can be expected to continue laying well throughout winter.

### Meat

Cockerels make good table birds if allowed to mature slowly. The meat is more gamey than most other common breeds.
# Grangemouth TMD

Grangemouth TMD was a traction maintenance depot located in Grangemouth, Scotland. The depot was situated on the Edinburgh to Dunblane Line and was near Falkirk Grahamston station.
The depot code is GM.

## History

Before its closure in 1993, Class 06 and 08 shunters could be seen at the depot.
# Greater Iquique

Greater Iquique, officially Área Metropolitana Alto Hospicio-Iquique, is a Chilean conurbation [es] that includes Iquique and Alto Hospicio communes in the Iquique Province in Tarapacá Region. On 21 December 2023, it was designated a metropolitan area.
# Tilson's Manual

Tilson's Manual, or A Manual of Parliamentary Procedure, is a parliamentary authority written by John Q. Tilson and published in 1948.

## Seconding motions

Chapter VI of Tilson's Manual is on Seconding Motions. Tilson explores the history of seconding motions in the English Parliament and in early American Legislatives. He then details the reasons why the practice of seconding motions should be dropped.
Cited in Mason's Legislative Manual.