OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Donald Brown

Donald Brown may refer to:

## Academics

* Donald F. Brown (archaeologist) (1908–2014), American archaeologist
* Donald Brown (anthropologist) (born 1934), American professor of anthropology
* Donald D. Brown (1931–2023), American biochemist and developmental biologist

## Arts and entertainment

* Donald Brown (musician) (born 1954), American jazz musician
* Don Brown (author) (born 1960), American novelist
* Don Brown (voice actor) (born 1964), Canadian voice actor
* Don Brown (children's author) (born 1949), American children's book author and illustrator

## Politics

* Don Brown (American politician) (born 1954), commissioner to the Colorado Department of Agriculture, 2015–2018
* Don Brown (Australian politician) (born 1981), member of the Queensland Parliament
* Donald Ferguson Brown (1903–1959), Canadian politician, barrister and lawyer
* Donald Cameron Brown (1892–1963), Canadian politician in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia

## Sports
### Gridiron football

* Don Brown (American football coach) (born 1955), American college football coach
* Donald Brown (defensive back) (born 1963), American football defensive back
* Donald Brown (running back) (born 1987), American football running back
* Don Brown (running back) (1937–2013), American football player in the American Football League
* Donald Brown (Canadian football) (born 1985), American football defensive back in the Canadian Football League

### Other sports

* Don Brown (Australian footballer) (born 1953), Australian rules footballer
* Don Brown (runner), winner of the 1974 4 × 880 yard relay at the NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships

## Other

* Donald Forrester Brown (1890–1916), New Zealand Victoria Cross recipient
* Donald R. Brown (died 2009), first African American to attend dental school at the University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Dentistry
* Donald Brown (programmer), computer programmer and creator of the Eamon game series
# Imoglobidae

†Imoglobidae is an extinct family of fossil sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Caenogastropoda.
# June 1875 Upper Hunter colonial by-election

A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Upper Hunter on 7 June 1875 caused by the death of Francis White.

## Dates

| Date | Event |
| 4 May 1875 | Death of Francis White. |
| 12 May 1875 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 31 May 1875 | Nominations |
| 7 June 1875 | Polling day |
| 21 June 1875 | Return of writ |

## Results

1875 The Upper Hunter by-election Monday 7 June :
| Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % |
| Thomas Hungerford (elected) | Thomas Hungerford (elected) | 771 | 44.4 |
| John McElhone | John McElhone | 726 | 41.8 |
| Oliver Saunders | Oliver Saunders | 97 | 5.6 |
| Patrick Jennings | Patrick Jennings | 88 | 5.1 |
| William Gordon | William Gordon | 31 | 1.8 |
| Archibald Hamilton | Archibald Hamilton | 22 | 1.3 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 1,735 | 100.0 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | 0 | 0.0 |
| Turnout | Turnout | 1,735 | 57.4 |
The by-election was overturned by the Election and Qualifications Committee because two polls were taken at Belltrees.
# Ringwood Bypass

The Ringwood Bypass is a short stretch of road extending from EastLink to Maroondah Highway in Melbourne, Australia. It allows the Maroondah Highway to bypass Eastland Shopping Centre, in the eastern Melbourne suburb of Ringwood.

## Route

The bypass begins at the intersection with EastLink – with access to the Maroondah Highway west of Ringwood extended south from Eastlink's ramps – and heads east as an 8-lane, dual-carriageway road, adjacent to Mullum Mullum Creek, crossing Ringwood Street and Warrandyte Road, before ending at the intersection with the Maroondah Highway east of Ringwood and Mount Dandenong Road. The speed limit is 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph).

## History

The first stage of the road began construction in January 1995 and opened in September 1996, starting at Mount Dandenong Road and heading west to Ringwood Street. An extension to the bypass to connect it to the Eastern Freeway at Springvale Road in Donvale was planned in October 2000: this would include tunnels 1.5 km in length and a connection with the planned Scoresby Freeway (later EastLink), cost $326 million, and was scheduled for completion in mid-2005. Instead, the Scoresby Freeway and the planned Eastern Freeway extension was merged into the Eastlink project, with the western half of the Ringwood Bypass connecting directly to it just south of the tunnel portals: this section opened with EastLink in July 2008. In 2003 there was controversy about whether the bypass would be tolled, with the State Government making assurances that it would not be.
The bypass was signed as Metropolitan Route 62 along its entire length when the second stage opened at the same time as EastLink in 2008.
The passing of the Road Management Act 2004 granted the responsibility of overall management and development of Victoria's major arterial roads to VicRoads: in 2004, VicRoads re-declared the road as Ringwood Bypass (Arterial #6270), beginning at Ringwood Street and ending at Maroondah Highway through Ringwood; the road west of Ringwood Street connects to EastLink, a private tollway not under the jurisdiction of VicRoads.

## Major intersections

The entire bypass lies within the City of Maroondah local government area.
| Location | km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| Ringwood | 0.0 | 0.0 | EastLink (M3) – Clifton Hill, Dandenong, Frankston | Western terminus of bypass and Metro Route 62 at semi-directional T interchange |
| Ringwood | 0.0 | 0.0 | Maroondah Highway (Metro Route 34) – Nunawading, Box Hill | |
| Ringwood | 1.1 | 0.68 | Ringwood Street | Traffic light intersection |
| Ringwood | 1.4 | 0.87 | Warrandyte Road (Metro Route 9) – Warrandyte, Wantirna | Traffic light intersection |
| Ringwood | 2.0 | 1.2 | Maroondah Highway (Metro Route 34) – Lilydale, Yarra Glen, Healesville | Traffic light intersection |
| Ringwood | 2.0 | 1.2 | Mount Dandenong Road (Metro Route 62 east) – Croydon, Mount Dandenong | Eastern terminus of bypass, Metro Route 62 continues east along Mount Dandenong Road |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Route transition |||||
# KPOM

KPOM may refer to:
* KPOM-CD, a low-power television station (channel 27, virtual 14) licensed to serve Ontario, California, United States
* KFTA-TV, a television station (channel 27, virtual 24) licensed to serve Fort Smith, Arkansas, United States, which held the call sign KPOM-TV from 1982 to 2004
# Almodóvar Reservoir

Almodóvar Reservoir is a reservoir in Tarifa, province of Cádiz, Andalusia, Spain.
# Hobbins

Hobbins is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Barry Hobbins (born 1951), American politician
* Daniel Hobbins, American historian
* Graham Hobbins (born 1946), English cricketer
* Imelda Hobbins, Irish camogie player
* Jim Hobbins (born 1964), American football player
* Syd Hobbins (1916–1984), English footballer
* William T. Hobbins (born 1946), United States Air Force general
# Prunus pumila

Prunus pumila, commonly called sand cherry, is a North American species of cherry in the rose family. It is widespread in eastern and central Canada from New Brunswick west to Saskatchewan and the northern United States from Maine to Montana, south as far as Colorado, Kansas, Indiana, and Virginia, with a few isolated populations in Tennessee and Utah. It grows in sandy locations such as shorelines and dunes.
Prunus pumila is a deciduous shrub that grows to 0.61–1.83 metres (2–6 feet) tall depending on the variety. It forms dense clonal colonies by sprouts from the root system. The leaves are leathery, 4–7 centimetres (1+5⁄8–2+3⁄4 inches) long, with a serrated margin. The flowers are 15–25 millimetres (9⁄16–1 in) in diameter with five white petals and 25–30 stamens. They are produced in small clusters of two to four. The fruit is a small cherry 13–15 mm (1⁄2–9⁄16 in) in diameter, ripening to dark purple in early summer.

## Varieties

* Prunus pumila var. besseyi (Bailey) Gleason, western sand cherry (also called Rocky Mountain cherry) – Saskatchewan, Manitoba, western Ontario, south to Colorado and Kansas
* Prunus pumila var. depressa (Pursh) Gleason, eastern sand cherry – Ontario, Québec, New Brunswick south to Pennsylvania
* Prunus pumila var. pumila, Great Lakes sand cherry – shores of Great Lakes
* Prunus pumila var. susquehanae (hort. ex Willd.) Jaeger, Susquehana sand cherry – from Manitoba east to Maine, south to Tennessee
* Prunus × cistena (purple leaf sand cherry) is a hybrid of Prunus cerasifera (cherry plum) and P. pumila. It was developed by Niels Ebbesen Hansen of South Dakota State University in 1910. They grow to be about 2.1 m (7 ft) tall and can live for up to 20 years.

## Gallery

* P. pumila var. depressa in bloom
* P. pumila var. pumila just after flowering, in June
* Mature flowers
* Cherries (mostly unripe) growing on branches
* Close-up of leaves
# Acanthopolymastia acanthoxa

Acanthopolymastia acanthoxa is a species of sea sponge belonging to the family Polymastiidae. It is a deep-ocean species found on muddy substrates at depths of over 3000 m in the Ross Sea, Antarctica.
This is a brown cushion-shaped sponge up to 4 cm across with a lateral fringe and a single papilla with a terminal opening.
# Acanthoplusia

Acanthoplusia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.
# Pseudotelphusa quercinigracella

Pseudotelphusa quercinigracella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in the United States, including Kentucky, Maryland and Oklahoma.
# Pseudotelphusa tornimacula

Pseudotelphusa tornimacula is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Zimbabwe and South Africa.
# Pseudotelphusa paracycota

Pseudotelphusa paracycota is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Zimbabwe and South Africa.
# Pseudolabrys

Pseudolabrys is a genus of bacteria from the family of Nitrobacteraceae. Up to now, only one species of this genus is known (Pseudolabrys taiwanensis).
# Pseudolabrys taiwanensis

Pseudolabrys taiwanensis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria from the family of Nitrobacteraceae which has been isolated from soil from Sinshe in Taichung County in Taiwan.
# Pseudolaelaps

Pseudolaelaps is a genus of mites in the family Laelapidae.

## Species

* Pseudolaelaps doderoi (Berlese, 1910)
* Pseudolaelaps gamaselloides Berlese, 1920
* Pseudolaelaps paulseni (Berlese, 1910)
# Psilogramma menephron

Psilogramma menephron, the privet hawk moth or large brown hawkmoth, is a member of the family Sphingidae. It was described by Pieter Cramer in 1780. It is usually found in Sri Lanka, India (including the Andaman Islands), Nepal, central and southern China, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia and the Philippines. Psilogramma casuarinae from eastern Australia was long treated as a synonym but is now thought to be a distinct species. The introduced population on Hawaii was first thought to be P. menephron, but is Psilogramma increta.

## Description

The wingspan is 82–138 mm. Head, thorax, abdomen and forewings are grey. Dark brown bands along the sides of palpi and thorax meet on metathorax, where there are a few blue and yellow scales. A dark line runs down vertex of abdomen and paired more diffused subdorsal lines. Forewings with some dark strigae from the costa. There are two dark streaks in the interspaces below veins 2 and 3 and a dark streak down from the costa before the apex, curved down to vein 6, then upwards and bent back before reaching the apex. Hindwings are brownish with a pale patch with two dark lines across it near the anal angle. Ventral side is much paler with indistinct transverse lines. Larva greenish with white specks on the vertex of 1st, 2nd and 3rd somites. There are oblique white lateral stripes on 4th and 11th somites.
* Female, dorsal view
* Female, ventral view
* Male, dorsal view
* Male, ventral view
* Caterpillar

## Biology

Larvae have been recorded on Clerodendrum fortunatum, Ligustrum species (including Ligustrum sinense), Fraxinus, Jasminum, Tectona grandis, Vitex negundo, Callicarpa arborea, Lonicera, Perilla and Osmanthus sesamum.
# Psilogramma medicieloi

Psilogramma medicieloi is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from the Philippines.
# Public Services Ombudsman (Wales) Act 2005

The Public Services Ombudsman (Wales) Act 2005 (c 10) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It creates the office of Public Services Ombudsman for Wales.

## Section 40 - Commencement

The Public Services Ombudsman (Wales) Act 2005 (Commencement No. 1 and Transitional Provisions and Savings) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/2800 (W. 199) (C. 116) was made under this section.

## Section 43 - Consequential, transitional provisions etc

The Public Services Ombudsman (Wales) Act 2005 (Consequential Amendments to the Local Government Pension Scheme Regulations 1997 and Transitional Provisions) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1011 (W. 104)) was made under section 43(1).
# Psychostrophia nymphidiaria

Psychostrophia nymphidiaria is a moth in the family Epicopeiidae. It was described by Oberthür in 1893. It is found in western China.
# Puerto America Airport

Puerto America Airport (ICAO: SLPU) is an airport serving the Madre de Dios River village of Puerto America in the Pando Department of Bolivia. The runway extends north from the village.
# Acalyptris clinomochla

Acalyptris clinomochla is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1934. It is known from Bombay, India and Sri Lanka. The hostplant for the species is Bridelia retusa.
# Pulse transition detector

A pulse transition detector is used in flip flops in order to achieve edge triggering in the circuit. It merely converts the clock signal's rising edge to a very narrow pulse.
The PTD consists of a delay gate (which delays the clock signal) and the clock signal itself passed through a NAND gate and then inverted.
The benefit of edge triggering is that it removes the problems of zeroes and ones catching associated with pulse triggered flip-flops (e.g. master slave flip flops).
* This electronics-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Pterostichus rhaeticus

Pterostichus rhaeticus is a species of ground beetle native to Europe.
# Accademia di Belle Arti di Sassari

The Accademia di Belle Arti "Mario Sironi" di Sassari is an academy of fine arts located in Sassari, Sardinia. It was founded in 1989 and it is the more recently established Italian state academy of fine art.
# Accademia di Belle Arti di Urbino

43°43′40″N 12°38′02″E﻿ / ﻿43.727701°N 12.633825°E﻿ / 43.727701; 12.633825
The Accademia di Belle Arti di Urbino is an academy of fine arts located in Urbino, Marche. It was founded in 1967.
# Pune division

Pune Division (better known as Paschim Maharashtra or Desh) is one of the six administrative divisions of the Indian State of Maharashtra. Pune Division is bound by Konkan Division to the west, Nashik Division to the north, Aurangabad Division to the east, and the state of Karnataka to the south.
It includes some of the most developed and most populous areas of Maharashtra.

## Demographics

At the 2011 Census, Pune Division had a population of 23,449,049. The region has a high literacy rate; higher than the national average. According to the 2011 Census, Pune district has a literacy rate of 86.15%, Satara 82.86%, Sangli 81.47%, Kolhapur 81.50% and Solapur 77.01%.

### Languages

The most spoken language is Marathi, which is also the sole official language of the region. There are significant minorities of Hindi speakers as well as speakers of other regional languages such as Telugu, Kannada, Gujarati, Marwari and Bengali in the Urban areas. Kannada is also spoken by a large number of people in the regions bordering Karnataka. Urdu is spoken by the local Muslim population as well as migrants.
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 81.90% of the population of Pune Division spoke Marathi, 6.88% Hindi, 3.30% Kannada, 2.33% Urdu, 0.97% Telugu, 0.71% Marwari and 0.65% Gujarati as their first language.
Languages in Pune Division (2011)

### Religion

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 86.99% of the population of Pune Division followed Hinduism, 7.62% Islam, 2.49% Buddhism, 0.74% Christianity and the remaining 2.16% of the population followed other religions or stated no religion.
Religion in Pune Division (2011)

## History of administrative districts in Pune Division

There have been changes in the names of districts and has seen also the addition of newer districts after India gained Independence in 1947 and also after the state of Maharashtra was formed.
* Notable events include the creation of Sangli district after merging former royal kingdoms of Miraj, Aundh, Sangli, Tasgaon, and Kurundwad.
* The Second event includes the renaming of the erstwhile Poona district as Pune district.
* The Solapur district is under proposal to be divided and a separate Pandharpur district be carved out of existing Solapur district, comprising talukas of Pandharpur, Sangola, Karmala, Mangalwedha, Malshiras and Madha in Solapur district and also talukas of Jath and Atpadi from neighbouring Sangli district, to create a new Pandharpur district.
* The Pune district is under the proposal to be divided and a separate Baramati district be carved out of existing Pune district with the inclusion of the eastern parts of Pune district which include Shirur, Purandar, Daund, Baramati and Indapur talukas as well as Phaltan taluka from neighboring Satara district in the proposed Baramati district.
* The Satara district is under the proposal to be divided and a separate Karad district be carved out of existing Satara district with the inclusion of Karad and Patan as well as talukas of Walwa, Kadegaon and Shirala from neighboring Sangli district in the proposed Karad district.
# Pucciniomycetes

Pucciniomycetes (formerly known as Urediniomycetidae) is a diverse class of fungi in the subphylum Pucciniomycotina of phylum Basidiomycota. The class contains 5 orders, 21 families, 190 genera, and approximately 8,016 species. It has been estimated that this class contains about one third of all teleomorphic basidiomycetes. Pucciniomycetes contains many economically important plant pathogenic fungal rusts; the order Pucciniales (formerly Uredinales) is the largest clade in this class, representing approximately 7,000 species.
Pucciniomycetes are cosmopolitan and can be found in both terrestrial and aquatic environments, although aquatic species are poorly understood.

## Characteristics

Species in the class Pucciniomycetes develop no basidiocarp, karyogamy occurs in a thick-walled resting spore (teliospore), and meiosis occurs upon germination of the teliospore. They have simple septal pores without membrane caps, and disc-like spindle pole bodies. Except for a few species, the basidia, when present, are transversely septate. Mannose is the major cell-wall carbohydrate; glucose, fucose, and rhamnose are the less prevalent neutral sugars; and xylose is not present.

## Taxonomy

The class Pucciniomycetes was first defined as a monophyletic group in 1995. Pucciniomycetes contains rust fungi, the order Septobasidiales, teliospore-forming yeasts, and various species that were once classified as smut or jelly fungi.
# Pucciniomycotina

Pucciniomycotina is a subdivision of fungus within the division Basidiomycota. The subdivision contains 10 classes, 21 orders, and 38 families. Over 8400 species of Pucciniomycotina have been described - more than 8% of all described fungi. The subdivision is considered a sister group to Ustilaginomycotina and Agaricomycotina, which may share the basal lineage of Basidiomycota, although this is uncertain due to low support for placement between the three groups. The group was known as Urediniomycetes until 2006, when it was elevated from a class to a subdivision and named after the largest order in the group, Pucciniales.

## Morphology

There is a high morphological diversity in the Pucciniomycontina. The sporulating forms range from macrobasidiocarp to single-celled yeasts. The presence of simple septal pores, and disc-like spindle pole bodies unites Pucciniomycotina and distinguishes it from the sister groups. The predominance of mannose in the cell walls is also a uniting feature of the group.

## Ecology

Pucciniomycotina have a diverse range of ecologies as insect parasites, mycoparasites, and orchid mycorrhiza; some have been detected in soil and water or asymptotic members living on leaves. Most are plant pathogens. Many Pucciniomycotina are rust fungi and are placed in the order Puccinales that contains roughly 7800 species (c. 90% of the group). Some members of the group are of economical importance as a pathogen on a wide range of commercial plants, e.g. wheat. Pucciniomycotina is a cosmopolite and exists all over the world. Pucciniomycotina may even be present in Arctic ice, and in oxygen-poor deep sea habitats.

## Life cycle

Some members are only known from their anamorphs, and asexual stages predominate in most; in some species this is the only known form. A striking characteristic of Puccinomycotina is the unique developmental pattern. Rust Fungi or plant pathogenic members in Puccinales have the most complex life cycles known in the fungal kingdom, with five different spore stages. Studies have shown that Puccinales also has one of the largest genomes in the fungi kingdom, and that genome size expansion may be common. This explains the complex life cycles within the group.

## Classes

* Agaricostilbomycetes
* Atractiellomycetes
* Classiculomycetes
* Cryptomycocolacomycetes
* Cystobasidiomycetes
* Microbotryomycetes
* Mixiomycetes
* Pucciniomycetes