OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Porta Viminale

The Porta Viminale (Porta Viminalis) was a gateway in the Servian Wall of ancient Rome, at the centre of the most exposed stretch of the wall between the Porta Collina and the Porta Esquilina. These three gates and the Porta Querquetulana were the oldest in the wall.
Their construction dates back to a very ancient period, around 200 years before the construction of the Servian Wall in 378 BC. It seems that the four original gates can be dated to the time of the enlargement of the city by King Servius Tullius, which added to the territory of the city, in addition to the hills already inserted between the initial seven hills, the Quirinal (Collis Quirinali), the Viminal, the Esquiline, and the Caelian (then called Querquetulanus, meaning covered with oak woods). The first defensive bulwark that connected the hills is obviously of the same period, the agger built along the whole stretch of about 1,300 metres (4,300 ft) from Porta Collina to Esquiline, to try to defend the most vulnerable part of the city.
According to scholars, a further clue to the antiquity of these gates is also provided by their name, which derives directly from the name of the hill to which they gave access, rather than being the adjective of some monument, such as a temple or altar, located there, which could only be after the incorporation of the area into the urban perimeter.
The Porta Viminale opened approximately in the center of the long stretch of walls still existing in Piazza dei Cinquecento (the most impressive find still visible), on the right side of those leaving Termini Station. The garden that surrounds the walls covers the embankment of the ancient agger -- the slight slope on the flank of the square is but a faint reminder -- whose retaining wall is still visible in the basement of the station building.
The identification of the road or roads to which the gate gave access is still a topic of discussion among scholars. The Via Collatina and the Via Tiburtina have been suggested, or perhaps that it did not open onto any important road. The destruction carried out in the imperial era for the construction of the Baths of Diocletian, then by Pope Sixtus V for the urban renewal of the area, and finally for the construction of the station after 1856, have erased good part of the traces, not only of the walls but also of the gates (perhaps there was also a Porta Collatina near Via del Castro Pretorio, or in the railway station area), and of the original roads around the adjacent perimeter.
Work for the construction of the Termini station, however, had at least the merit of bringing to light the remains of the walls, which until 1892 had remained buried under an accumulation of debris, called "Monte della Giustizia", resulting from the work for the construction of the nearby Baths of Diocletian.
# Siege of Landau

The siege of Landau may refer to any of several sieges of the fortress city of Landau, located in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany:
* Siege of Landau (1702), during the War of the Spanish Succession
* Siege of Landau (1703), during the War of the Spanish Succession
* Siege of Landau (1704), during the War of the Spanish Succession
* Siege of Landau (1713), during the War of the Spanish Succession
* Siege of Landau (1793), during the French Revolutionary Wars
# Labana

Labana (also spelled Lubana, Lavana, Lubhana; lit. 'salt trader') is a merchant and transportation community in India engaged in maritime trade and land trade, which includes trading and transportation of goods such as saltpetre, silk, diamonds, etc. In the Punjab region, during socio-economic reforms, Labanas overwhelmingly became agriculturists. The Labanas of Punjab and Haryana are mostly Sikhs and Hindus and mainly speak Punjabi or Hindi.

## Etymology

The term "Lubana" is believed to be a combination of two words - "lūn," meaning "salt," and "bānā," meaning "trade." The Lubanas, as a community, were deeply involved in the transportation and trading of salt. They were also occasionally referred to as Banjaras.

## History

The history of the Lavana/Labana community traces back to their association with the salt trade and transportation, which influenced their name and occupation. The term 'Lubana' is believed to have derived from the Sanskrit word 'Lavan,' meaning salt. This connection is evident in the various historical references and cultural practices of the tribe.
According to Kahn Singh Nabha in Mahan Kosh, the term 'Lubana' is linked to the Sanskrit word 'Lavan,' signifying salt. Members of the Lubana tribe engaged in salt trading, suggesting that their name is closely related to their traditional business activities.
The connection between the Lubana tribe and salt-carrying is further supported by the work of Crooke. In his book Tribes and Castes of the North-Western India, Volume I, which was reprinted by Cosmo Publications in Delhi in 1974, he mentions that the Lubana tribe of Banjaras derived their name from their business of transporting salt.
Additionally, Gurcharan Singh highlights the popularity of a game called 'lun - Miani' among the Lubanas until 1947 AD. This game likely originated from their historical association with salt-carrying as it reflects their occupation in its name and nature.
Over the centuries, the Lubana community has evolved and diversified, engaging in various other professions and adapting to changing times. However, the historical connection to the salt trade remains an essential aspect of their identity and heritage.
The Labanas were a salt-carrying and salt-trading community in Punjab. Over time, they transitioned from their merchant work and shifted towards agriculture as their primary profession, becoming a landholding community since the times of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Some Labanas claim that they are Gaur Brahmins who migrated to Punjab during the reign of Aurangzeb. The Labanas perform religious events with their own rituals.

## List of Lubanas

The Lavana are an endogamous community. They have eleven exogamous clans mentioned below:
* Dharawat
* Dhogan
* Multani
* Sandlas
* Basi
* Gundalia
* Datnawat
* Anderia
* Tageria
* Kalchana
* Baluda
* Lakhrond
* Bakrea
All these clans have equal status.
The community is traditionally associated with saltpetre trading, but many are now farmers, agricultural and traders.
# Ryon

Ryon is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* John Walker Ryon, American politician
* Luann Ryon, American archer
* Ruth Ryon (1944–2014), American real estate columnist
* Ryon Bingham, American football player
* Ryon Healy, American baseball player
# Southeast University–Monash University Joint Graduate School

The Southeast University-Monash University Joint Graduate School (Chinese: 东南大学-莫纳什大学联合研究生院) is a postgraduate and research university in Suzhou, Jiangsu province, China. The school is situated in the Suzhou Dushu Lake Higher Education Town. It is a joint venture between the Australia-based Monash University and Southeast University (东南大学) in Nanjing. It is the first joint graduate school in China. It consists of both a Joint Graduate School and a Joint Research Institute.

## History

Australian universities, including Monash, had for many years sought to establish a physical presence in China. Although it had some teaching and research cooperation with Fudan, Nanjing, Shanghai and Beijing universities, Monash lacked the regulatory approval to operate as a fully fledged university. In 2006, it signed an agreement with Sichuan University, which promised to greatly enlarge the Monash presence in China. In May 2008, the region suffered a major earthquake. This led the region to devote its resources to on its internal recovery, with less scope for international university partnerships.
Australian universities continued to seek collaborations with and campuses in China. In 2011, it was reported that 25 Australian universities had had their applications for licences rejected in that year alone.
In April 2012, it was announced that Monash University had won a full licence to operate as a university in China. The announcement followed several years of cooperation between the two universities and many months of negotiations with the Chinese Ministry of Education.
This was the third time that a university had been granted a licence to operate in China and the first graduate school. The University of Nottingham and the University of Liverpool are the other two foreign universities, although it is widely thought that Duke University and New York University are likely to be granted licences soon.
The main University building was completed in late 2012, as it accepted its first intake of students.

## Location

The School is located in Jiangsu province in Suzhou Industrial Park (中国—新加坡苏州工业园区; 中國—新加坡蘇州工業園區). More specifically, it is situated within the Dushu Lake Education Innovation Park.
The Park is home to several thousand foreign companies and research institutes. The School is around 25 minutes by train to Shanghai. The campus is 50 000 square metres, based in an eleven storey, purpose-built facility.

## Teaching and research

The School accepts 350 Master's students and 150 PhD students per year. Its student population will grow in coming years, but is expected to be limited to 2000.
The Master's programs are in IT, business, science, engineering, health, humanities and design. The Research Institute offers PhDs in biological engineering, clean energy, drug discovery, economics, food engineering, industrial design, IT, nanotechnology, public health, stem cells, transportation and water.
Classes are conducted in English and students graduate with a degree from both Monash and Southeast University.
# 5th Lok Sabha

The 5th Lok Sabha (15 March 1971 — 18 January 1977) was elected during February–March 1971.The term of the House was extended two times by one year at a time. However, the House was dissolved after having been in existence for a period of five years, 10 months, and six days. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. 4 sitting members from Rajya Sabha were elected to 5th Lok Sabha after the 1971 Indian general election.
Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister as in the previous 4th Lok Sabha. However, INC lost 217 seats in the next 6th Lok Sabha, which was constituted after the 1977 Indian general election.

## Important members

* Speaker:
** Gurdial Singh Dhillon from 22 March 1971 to 1 December 1975
** Bali Ram Bhagat from 5 January 1976 to 25 March 1977
* Deputy Speaker:
** G.G.Swell from 27 March 1971 to 18 January 1977
* Secretary General:
** S. L. Shakdhar from 2 September 1964 to 18 June 1977

## List of members by political party

Members by political party in 5th Lok Sabha are given below-
| S.No. | Party Name | Number of MPs |
| 1 | Indian National Congress (R) (INC(R)) | 360 |
| 2 | Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) | 25 |
| 3 | Communist Party of India (CPI) | 23 |
| 4 | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) | 23 |
| 5 | Jan Sangh (Jan Sangh) | 22 |
| 6 | Indian National Congress (O) (INC(O)) | 16 |
| 7 | Independent (Ind.) | 14 |
| 8 | Telangana Praja Samithi (TPS) | 10 |
| 9 | Swatantra Party (Swatantra Party) | 8 |
| 10 | Revolutionary Socialist Party (India) (RSP) | 3 |
| 11 | Samyukta Socialist Party (SSCP) | 3 |
| 12 | Kerala Congress (KEC) | 3 |
| 13 | All India Forward Bloc(AIFB) | 2 |
| 14 | Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) | 2 |
| 15 | Praja Socialist Party (PSP) | 2 |
| 16 | Akali Dal (Akali Dal) | 1 |
| 17 | All Party Hill Leaders Conference (APHLC) | 1 |
| 18 | Bangla Congress (Bangla Congress) | 1 |
| 19 | Bharatiya Kranti Dal (BKD) | 1 |
| 19 | Jharkhand Party (Jharkhand) | 1 |
| 20 | Republican Party of India (RPI) | 1 |
| 21 | United Goans Party (United Goans) | 1 |
| 22 | Utkal Congress (Utkal Congress) | 1 |
| 23 | Vishal Haryana Party (VHP) | 1 |
# Radosław Kujawa

Radosław Tomasz Kujawa (born in 1965), is a Polish political military commander who head been the Head of the Military Intelligence Service from 2008 to 2015.

## Biography

Radosław Kujawa was born in 1965.
He was a graduate of history at the University of Wrocław. In the 1980s, he was an activist of the Independent Students' Association at the university. He worked in the Intelligence Board of the State Protection Office, after the reform of the secret services in 2002 he was transferred to the Foreign Intelligence Agency. He served, incl. in managerial positions (head of department and department director)
Since 11 August 2008, Kujawa has been the Head of the Military Intelligence Service. On 9 November 2010, Polish President Bronisław Komorowski, at the request of the Minister of National Defense, Bogdan Klich, appointed Kujawa as the Brigadier General of the SWW. In 19 November 2015, he was dismissed from office by the Prime Minister Beata Szydło.
Since 2018, he has been an associate of the Institute of the Middle and Far East of the Jagiellonian University.
Kujawa is on the list of personalities from European Union countries subject to Russian visa sanctions. This list was compiled in response to the EU sanctions list, and was shown to "apply to people who actively supported the state coup (in Kyiv), as a result of which Russians are persecuted and discriminated against in Ukraine," according to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Sergey Lavrov.
# Pinkfloydia

Pinkfloydia is a genus of small Australian long-jawed orb-weavers, reaching a maximum lengths of about 4.5 millimetres (0.18 in). It was first described by D. Dimitrov & G. Hormiga in 2011, and contains two species, found in New South Wales and Western Australia: P. harveyi and P. rixi. They have a unique rounded, cone-shaped head structure with one pair of large eyes and three pairs of smaller eyes. The genus is named after British rock band Pink Floyd.

## Description

P. harveii is a species of tiny brown spiders, with individuals ranging from 2.75 to 4.5 mm (0.11 to 0.18 in) in total body length, with females reaching larger maximum sizes than males. The eight eyes are situated on an elevated, rounded protuberance of the cephalothorax, with a one pair of eyes (the posterior median eyes) greatly enlarged compared to the other three pair. The elevated protuberance is unique among tetragnathid spiders, and other unusual features of the male pedipalps warranted the designation of a new genus with a name evocative of its uniqueness: Pinkfloydia was named by biologists Dimitar Dimitrov and Gustavo Hormiga after British rock band Pink Floyd, noting "In its heyday Pink Floyd was an innovative group that created music which was an eclectic mixture of styles... Pinkfloydia has very unusual morphological features and its name aims to reflect its uniqueness."$^{:754}$ The species name harveii honors biologist Mark S. Harvey of the Western Australian Museum who collected specimens as early as 1990, including the holotype specimen, the primary specimen used in describing the species.$^{:756,763–64}$

## Distribution and ecology

P. harveii is known from coastal areas of the state of Western Australia, with a range extending from Lesueur National Park in the northwest to Bremer Bay in the southeast.$^{:763–64}$
The natural history of P. harveii is poorly known. Horizontal webs of juveniles have been described, measuring 50–90 mm (2.0–3.5 in) wide.

## Classification

Pinkfloydia is a member of the Tetragnathidae, a globally distributed family containing around 1,000 species with about 30 species in Australia. Based on morphological, behavioural, and DNA similarities, Pinkfloydia is classified within a group of tetragnathids native to Australia and New Zealand known as the "Nanometa clade", which includes species of Nanometa and Orsinome sarasini.
# Frank Walls

Frank Walls may refer to:
* Frank Walls (illustrator), American illustrator and game designer
* Frank A. Walls, American serial killer
# 3PL

3PL may refer to:
* Third-party logistics, a concept in logistics
* the Three parameter logistic model in item response theory
* a glossing abbreviation meaning "third person, plural number"
# Siege of Landrecies (1543)

The siege of Landrecies (1543) took place during the Italian War of 1542–46. Landrecies was besieged by Imperial and English forces under the command of Ferrante Gonzaga. They were repulsed by the French defenders under the command of Martin du Bellay.
# Stars on Parade (1936 film)

Stars on Parade is a 1936 British musical film directed by Oswald Mitchell and Challis Sanderson and starring Robb Wilton, Arthur Lucan and Kitty McShane. It takes the form of a variety show featuring a number of music hall acts. It was made at Cricklewood Studios in North London. It was a released as a first feature on a Double Bill with the supporting feature What the Puppy Said.

## Cast

* Robb Wilton as Norman, the police sergeant
* Arthur Lucan as Old Mother Riley
* Kitty McShane as Kitty Riley
* Sam Barton as Himself
* Mabel Constanduros as Grandma Buggins
* Horace Goldin as Himself
* Max Harrison as Himself
* Syd Harrison as Himself
* Pat Hyde as (Accordionist) Herself
* Jimmy James as Himself
* Edwin Laurence as Speaker at Meeting
* Navarre as Himself
* Pat O'Brien as Himself
* John Rorke as Himself
* The Sherman Fisher Girls as Themselves, Dancers
* Debroy Somers as Himself, Bandleader
* Albert Whelan as Tea Stall Proprietor
# Labidostomis

Labidostomis is a genus of short-horned leaf beetles belonging to the family Chrysomelidae, subfamily Cryptocephalinae.

## Species

Species within this genus include:
* Labidostomis amurensis Heyden, 1884
* Labidostomis asiatica Faldermann, 1837
* Labidostomis axillaris (Lacordaire, 1848)
* Labidostomis balcanica Tomov, 1987
* Labidostomis beckeri Weise, 1881
* Labidostomis bolivari Cobos, 1954
* Labidostomis boreopersica Lopatin, 1997
* Labidostomis centromaculata Gené, 1839
* Labidostomis cheni Lopatin, 1995
* Labidostomis cyanicornis (Germar, 1822)
* Labidostomis damavandensis Rapilly, 1984
* Labidostomis decipiens Faldermann, 1837
* Labidostomis diversifrons Lefèvre, 1872
* Labidostomis funerea Fairmaire, 1891
* Labidostomis ghilianii (Lacordaire, 1848)
* Labidostomis graeca Tomov, 1990
* Labidostomis guerini (Bassi, 1834)
* Labidostomis harazensis Rapilly, 1984
* Labidostomis heinzi (Lopatin, 1993)
* Labidostomis hordei (Fabricius, 1787)
* Labidostomis humeralis (D.H. Schneider, 1792)
* Labidostomis kantneri Warchalowski, 2004
* Labidostomis karamanica Weise, 1900
* Labidostomis laeta Medvedev, 1992
* Labidostomis lepida Lefèvre, 1872
* Labidostomis longimana (Linnaeus, 1760)
* Labidostomis lucida (Germar, 1824)
* Labidostomis lusitanica (Germar, 1824)
* Labidostomis martensi Medvedev, 1983
* Labidostomis mesopotamica Weise, 1900
* Labidostomis metallica Lefèvre, 1872
* Labidostomis nevadensis J. Daniel, 1904
* Labidostomis oertzeni Weise, 1889
* Labidostomis pachysoma L. Medvedev, 1965
* Labidostomis pallidipennis (Gebler, 1830)
* Labidostomis propinqua Faldermann, 1837
* Labidostomis rufa (Waltl, 1838)
* Labidostomis senicula Kraatz, 1872
* Labidostomis shirazica Lopatin, 1979
* Labidostomis sibirica (Germar, 1824)
* Labidostomis sulcicollis (Lacordaire, 1848)
* Labidostomis taxicornis (Fabricius, 1792)
* Labidostomis tridentata (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Labidostomis tymphristica Tomov, 1990
# Ppz

ppz or variant, may refer to:
* Pride and Prejudice and Zombies (2009 novel), horror-comedy parody novel based on Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice
* Pride and Prejudice and Zombies (film) (2016), horror-comedy parody film based on the novel
* Zastava PPZ, Czech CZ-99 series .45 ACP handgun by Zastava
* Perimeter Patrol Zone, an element of the TV show Robot Wars (TV series)
* Puerto Páez Airport (IATA airport code: PPZ), in Azure, Venezuela; see List of airports in Venezuela
* Pusat Pungutan Zakat (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia), see Urban Transformation Centre
# Rainbow (Boris and Michio Kurihara album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Metal Hammer | |
| Pitchfork | (8.2/10) |
| Rock Sound | (8/10) |
Rainbow is a collaborative album between Japanese rock band Boris and guitarist Michio Kurihara. Wata contributed vocals to the title song, which has a music video made for it by Foodunited.
The album's initial release was done by Pedal Records, with liner notes in Portuguese. Drag City released this album in the United States on May 15, 2007 with a different 9th track, on CD format only.
In 2007, the album was also released on vinyl in two forms by Inoxia Records: an unlimited LP which contains the album (same as Pedal CD version), and a double LP box set with a 50-page photo book in a special cover, the album on clear vinyl, a second LP containing two bonus ambient tracks (also on clear vinyl), and a DVD featuring the music video for "Rainbow".
The title track on the 2xLP version features an alternate mix with a different guitar solo, and re-recorded studio takes were used on Boris / Variations + Live in Japan and Gensho. Additionally, live versions of the song are found on Rock Dream, Smile -Live at Wolf Creek-, the Live in Japan DVD included with Variations, and the bonus live album on the deluxe CD pressing of Gensho.

## Personnel

* Michio Kurihara - guitars
* Takeshi - bass, vocals (tracks 1, 3, 5, 6, 8)
* Wata - keyboards, glockenspiel, vocals (track 2)
* Atsuo - drums, percussion

## Releases history

| Year | Label | Format | Country | Out of Print? | Notes |
| 2006 | Pedal Records | CD | Japan | No | |
| 2007 | Drag City | CD | U.S. | No | |
| 2007 | Inoxia Records | LP | Japan | No | |
| 2007 | Inoxia Records | 2LP Box | Japan | No | Ltd. 500. Includes 50 page book and DVD |
# Warren, Brookfield and Spencer Street Railway

The Warren, Brookfield and Spencer Street Railway is a former Massachusetts streetcar company that ran between Warren, and Spencer, Massachusetts, and passing through West Brookfield, Brookfield, and East Brookfield. Service began in 1896, and ran until around 1917, when service from the Worcester, Brookfield and Spencer Street Railway Company came to town. Other factors contributing to its closure included wartime shortages of coal and a car barn fire, the damage of which was estimated to be around $75,000.