# 1891 in Germany

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Events in the year 1891 in Germany.

## Incumbents
### National level

* Kaiser – Wilhelm II
* Chancellor – Leo von Caprivi

### State level
#### Kingdoms

* King of Bavaria – Otto
* King of Prussia – Wilhelm II
* King of Saxony – Albert
* King of Württemberg – Charles to 6 October, then William II

#### Grand Duchies

* Grand Duke of Baden – Frederick I
* Grand Duke of Hesse – Louis IV
* Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Frederick Francis III
* Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Frederick William
* Grand Duke of Oldenburg – Peter II
* Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – Charles Alexander

#### Principalities

* Schaumburg-Lippe – Adolf I, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe
* Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
* Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Karl Günther, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
* Principality of Lippe – Woldemar, Prince of Lippe
* Reuss Elder Line – Heinrich XXII, Prince Reuss of Greiz
* Reuss Younger Line – Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line
* Waldeck and Pyrmont – George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont

#### Duchies

* Duke of Anhalt – Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt
* Duke of Brunswick – Prince Albert of Prussia (regent)
* Duke of Saxe-Altenburg – Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
* Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha – Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
* Duke of Saxe-Meiningen – Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen

#### Colonial Governors

* Cameroon (Kamerun) – from 7 August Bruno von Schuckmann (acting governor)
* German East Africa (Deutsch-Ostafrika) – Hermann Wissmann (commissioner) (1st term) to 21 February, then Julius Freiherr von Soden (with ... Rüdiger, acting governor)
* German New Guinea (Deutsch-Neuguinea) – Fritz Rose (commissioner)
* German South-West Africa (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) – Louis Nels (acting commissioner) to March, then Curt von François (commissioner)
* Togoland – Eugen von Zimmerer (commissioner) to 14 April, then vacant

## Events

* 23–24 January – 1891 European Figure Skating Championships in Hamburg

### Undated

* German company Dr. Oetker is founded in Bielefeld.
* Robert Koch Institute is founded in Berlin.
* International Electrotechnical Exhibition in Frankfurt am Main
* The modern taximeter is invented by German Friedrich Wilhelm Gustav Bruhn.
* The Fischer projection is devised by Hermann Emil Fischer.
* August Thyssen and Joseph Thyssen found German steel company Thyssen.

## Births

* 8 January – Walther Bothe, German physicist (died 1957)
* 22 January – Bruno Loerzer, German aviator and air force general (died 1960)
* 24 January – Walter Model, German field marshal (died 1945)
* 27 January – Wilhelm Morgner, German painter (died 1917)
* 31 January – Kurt von Plettenberg, German forester (died 1945)
* 14 February – Erich Engel, film and theatre director (died 1966)
* 15 February – Josef Wintrich, German judge (died 1958)
* 17 February – Abraham Fraenkel, Israeli mathematician and Zionist (died 1965)
* 3 March – Fritz Rumey, German World War I fighter ace (died 1918)
* 11 March – Gertrud Wolle, German film actress (died 1952)
* 12 March – Hermann Stenner, German painter (died 1914)
* 24 March – Rudolf Berthold, German fighter pilot (died 1920)
* 28 March – Peter Suhrkamp, German publisher (died 1959)
* 2 April – Max Ernst, German painter (died 1976)
* 10 May – Anton Dostler, German general (died 1945)
* 13 May – Fritz Rasp, German actor (died 1976)
* 13 May – Wilhelm Weskamm, German bishop of Roman Catholic Church (died 1956)
* 16 May – Adolf Ritter von Tutschek, German fighter ace (died 1918)
* 18 May – Rudolf Carnap, German philosopher (died 1970)
* 22 May – Johannes R. Becher, German politician, poet and novelist (died 1958)
* 21 June - Hermann Scherchen, German conductor (died 1966)
* 14 July – Fritz Kampers, German actor (died 1950)
* 14 July – Werner Rittberger, German figure skater (died 1975)
* 29 July – Bernhard Zondek, Israeli gynecologist, developer of first reliable pregnancy test (died 1966)
* 7 August – Johannes Joseph van der Velden, German bishop of Roman Catholic Church (died 1954)
* 4 September – Fritz Todt, German engineer (died 1942)
* 16 September – Karl Dönitz, German admiral who played a major role in the naval history of World War II (died 1980)
* 22 September – Hans Albers, German actor (died 1960)
* 9 October – Kurt von Tippelskirch, German general (died 1957)
* 22 October – Carl-Hans Graf von Hardenberg, German politician and landowner (died 1958)
* 25 October – Karl Elmendorff, German conductor (died 1962)
* 14 November – Josef Magnus Wehner, German poet and playwright (died 1973)
* 15 November – Erwin Rommel, German field marshal (died 1944)
* 16 November – Julius Leber, German politician (died 1945)
* 2 December – Otto Dix, German painter and forced Volkssturm conscript (died 1969)
* 6 December – Gotthard Sachsenberg, German World War I naval aviator and fighter ace (died 1961)
* 10 December – Nelly Sachs, German poet and playwright (died 1970)
* 17 December – Karl Emil Schäfer, German World War I fighter ace (died 1917)

## Deaths

* 26 January – Nicolaus Otto, German engineer and inventor (born 1832)
* 27 February – Karl Eduard Heusner, German admiral (born 1843)
* 14 March – Ludwig Windthorst, German politician (born 1812)
* 24 April – Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, German field marshal, chief of staff of the Prussian Army for thirty years (born 1800)
* 22 May – Ernst Julius Hähnel, German sculptor (born 1811)
* 23 June – Wilhelm Eduard Weber, chemist (born 1804)
* 21 June – Paul Bronsart von Schellendorff, general (born 1832)
* 6 October – Charles I, King of Württemberg (born 1823)
* 14 December – Ferdinand von Roemer, German geologist (born 1818)
* 29 December – Leopold Kronecker, German mathematician (born 1823)