OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Clay drum (archaeology)

Clay drums (German Tontrommeln) are ceramic objects in the shape of an hourglass, eggcup or tulip with no feet, with a ring of up to 15 holes at either end. They are typical of southeastern groups within the Funnelbeaker culture, particularly the Walternienburg-Bernburg group, but are also found in southern successor groups of the Michelsberg culture. They are often well decorated and, unlike collar bottles, are often found completely shattered.

## Find spots

Around 200 clay drums have been found in German Megalithic complexes (e.g. Barskamp, Oldendorf in Landkreis Lüneburg), in settlements of the Walternienburg-Bernburg culture (Dölauer Heide) and in pit houses. One richly decorated, smashed clay drum was found in the Lower Franconian cemetery of Großeibstadt. Examples from the Wartburg culture were found in the gallery graves of Calden and Warburg. Another 20 or so examples have been found further afield in Denmark, Kujawy and Czech Republic.

## Cultures

The double cone or tulip shaped clay drums found to date belong to the late Neolithic Globular Amphora Culture and to several subgroups of the Funnelbeaker culture, especially the Walternienburg-Bernburg group, the Havelland group, the Salzmünde group, the Schönfeld group and the Wartberg group.

## Function

Hermann Müller-Karpe raised the question of whether the drums were actually musical instruments in 1974. They could also be beakers for libations, with skin or cloth across the openings. Reports from Großeibstädt mention that they contained liquid, which is not further identified. The question remains open.
# Civic Alliance

Civic Alliance may refer to:
* Civic Alliance Foundation, an NGO in Romania
* Civic Alliance (Bosnia and Herzegovina), a political party
* Civic Alliance of Kosovo, a political party in Kosovo
* Civic Alliance of Serbia, a political party in Serbia
* Civic Democratic Alliance, a political party in the Czech Republic
* Civic Liberal Alliance, a political party in Croatia
* Centre Civic Alliance, a political coalition in Poland
* Hungarian Civic Alliance (disambiguation), multiple political parties
* Civil Alliance, a political party in Jordan
# Jhook

Jhook is a village in Mahendragarh Tehsil in Mahendragarh District of Haryana State, India. It belongs to Gurgaon Division. It is located 37.0 kilometres (23.0 mi) north of the district headquarters at Narnaul and 7.0 kilometres (4.3 mi) from Mahendragarh, its postal head office. It is near to Rewari-Kanina- Mahendergarh road on approach road.
vtePlaces adjacent to Jhook :
Jhook
Kanina tehsil
Ateli tehsil :
# Claudia Barrenechea

Claudia Barrenechea (born 1 June 1977) is a Chilean biathlete. She competed in two events at the 2002 Winter Olympics.
# Cladonia flavocrispata

Cladonia flavocrispata is a species of fruticose lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. Found in Venezuela and described as a new species in 2013, it is closely related to Cladonia hians, but is distinguished by its unique chemical composition and morphology.

## Taxonomy

Described by the lichenologists Teuvo Ahti and Harrie Sipman in 2013, Cladonia flavocrispata was first collected in Venezuela in 1990, within a rocky sandstone area featuring scrub on an exposed ridge at the Cerro Guaiquinima [es]. This species is characterised by its pale green, evanescent primary thallus, and podetia that are pale greenish grey, forming dense, erect cushions.

## Description

The primary thallus of Cladonia flavocrispata is evanescent and pale green, appearing as scattered, small squamules in the lower part of the podetia, measuring roughly 0.2–0.5 by 1 mm. These squamules are simple or slightly split into irregularly crenulate laciniae, without soredia. Podetia can reach 5–12 cm in height, displaying indeterminate growth and a pale greenish-grey colouration. The lower parts are strongly variegated with pale greenish grey and brown to black patches. The podetia typically form dense, erect cushions with main stems about 1.0–1.5 mm wide. The surface of the podetia is matt and discontinuously very thinly corticate, revealing most of the stereome with age. Chemical analysis reveals the presence of thamnolic and usnic acids, occasionally accompanied by barbatic acid, with colour reactions of P+ (yellow), K+ (yellow), and KC+ (yellow).

## Distribution and ecology

Cladonia flavocrispata is endemic to the Guiana Highlands, primarily found in Venezuela. It occupies humid sandstone tablelands, growing on sandstone flats with open bog vegetation at elevations ranging from 400 to 2,500 m (1,300 to 8,200 ft). While there are three uncertain collections from the Guianas, specifically from the sandstone plateau of the Kaieteur Falls, these may differ slightly in morphological characteristics.

## Similar species

While Cladonia flavocrispata shares similarities with Cladonia hians, it can be distinguished by its larger size and the presence of usnic acid. It may also resemble C. vareschii, which has a more intense yellow colour and somewhat thicker cortex. However, the presence of squamules, although often scarce, differentiates C. flavocrispata from these species.
# Monardella linoides

Monardella linoides is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae known by the common name flaxleaf monardella.
It is native to southern California and slightly into adjacent sections of Nevada, Arizona, and Baja California.
It grows in many types of habitat from the Mojave Desert, through chaparral and woodlands in the Peninsular Ranges and Transverse Ranges, to subalpine forests in the Southern and Eastern Sierra Nevada.

## Description

Monardella linoides is a gray-green perennial herb producing a slender erect stem up to about 50 centimeters in maximum height. The linear to oval leaves are 1 to 4 centimeters long and coated in grayish hairs. The inflorescence is a head of several flowers blooming in a cup of pale whitish or pink-tinged papery bracts 2 or 3 centimeters wide. The flowers are just over a centimeter long and light purple in color.

### Subspecies

Subspecies include:
* Monardella linoides subsp. anemonoides — endemic to the Southern Sierra Nevada.
* Monardella linoides subsp. erecta — endemic to the San Gabriel Mountains and San Bernardino Mountains.
* Monardella linoides subsp. linoides
* Monardella linoides subsp. oblonga — endemic to the San Emigdio Mountains and Southern Sierra.
* Monardella linoides subsp. sierrae — Narrow leaved monardella, endemic to the Sierra Nevada.
* Monardella linoides subsp. stricta — endemic to the San Gabriel Mountains and San Bernardino Mountains.
* Monardella linoides subsp. viminea — reclassified as Monardella viminea, a federally listed endangered species.
# Cladonia homosekikaica

Cladonia homosekikaica is a species of cup lichen belonging to the family Cladoniaceae. It was formally described as a new species by Japanese lichenologist Mariko Nuno in 1975.
As of July 2021, its conservation status has not been estimated by the IUCN. In Iceland, its conservations status is data deficient (DD).
# Claytor

Claytor is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Christian J. Claytor (2003–Present), American Colligate Track and Feild Pole Vaulter
* Gertrude Harris Boatwright Claytor (1888–1973), American poet
* Robert B. Claytor (1922–1993), American railroad administrator
* W. Graham Claytor (1886–1971), of Roanoke, Virginia, vice president of Appalachian Power Company, an electric utility service
* W. Graham Claytor Jr. (1912–1994), American lawyer, naval officer, and railroad, transportation and defense administrator for the US government
* William Schieffelin Claytor (1908–1967), third African-American to get a PhD in mathematics
# Clementine Paddleford

Clementine Paddleford (September 27, 1898 – November 13, 1967) was an American food writer active from the 1920s through the 1960s, writing for several publications, including the New York Herald Tribune, the New York Sun, The New York Telegram, Farm and Fireside, and This Week magazine. A Kansas native, she lived most of her life in New York City, where she introduced her readers to the global range of food to be found in that city. Her 1960 book How America Eats was an influential discussion of American cooking and eating habits.

## Early life and education

Clementine Paddleford was born on a 260-acre (110 ha) farm near Stockdale, Riley County, Kansas, and graduated from Manhattan (Kansas) High School in 1916. She graduated from Kansas State Agricultural College in 1921 with a degree in industrial journalism. While at Kansas State University, Paddleford met and married engineering student Lloyd D. Zimmerman, separating within a year. In 1932 she underwent surgery for a malignant growth on her larynx that left her with a tracheotomy tube in her throat, which she covered to speak, concealing it with a black ribbon. The operation left her with a distinctively husky voice. She moved to New York City, where she enrolled in the Columbia School of Journalism and attended night classes at New York University. She covered expenses by reviewing business books for the business publication Administration and the New York Sun.

## Writing career

After a series of writing jobs, Paddleford joined the New York Herald Tribune in 1936. She also wrote for Gourmet. Paddleford was a pilot, and flew a Piper Cub around the country to report on America's many regional cuisines. Paddleford coined the term "hero" relating to a submarine sandwich in the 1930s, writing that one needed to be a hero to finish the gigantic Italian sandwich.
One of her assignments was to report on the cooking and food aboard a US Navy submarine, which brought her aboard the USS Skipjack (SSN-585) in 1960 for a brief cruise.

## Death

Paddleford died of pneumonia on November 13, 1967, in New York City. She is buried in the Grandview-Mill Creek-Stockdale Cemetery near Riley, Kansas.

## Works

* Patchwork Quilts, (c. 1928)
* A Dickens Christmas Dinner, (1933)
* Twelve favorite dishes, with Duncan Hines and Gertrude Lynn (1947)
* Recipes from Antoine’s kitchen : the secret riches of the famous century-old restaurant in the French Quarter of New Orleans, (United Newspapers Magazine Corp, 1948)
* A Flower for My Mother, (Henry Holt & Co, 1959)
* How America Eats, (Charles Scribner's Sons, 1960)
* New York Herald Tribune Presents New York, New York, (Dell, 1964)(essay contributor)
* Clementine Paddleford's Cook Young Cookbook, (Pocket Books, 1966)
Posthumously collected in:
* The Best In American Cooking: recipes collected by Clementine Paddleford, (Charles Scribner's Sons, 1970)
* American Food Writing: An Anthology with Classic Recipes, ed. Molly O'Neill (Library of America, 2007) ISBN 1-59853-005-4
# Clementine Lynch

Clementine Lynch, OSB (in religion, Mary Scholastica; 16 June 1754– 22 June 1799), was an Irish Catholic nun who served as abbess of the Benedictine convent in Ypres, Belgium, during the French Revolution.

## Biography

Lynch was born 16 June 1754 in Ireland and was sent to the Benedictine school in Ypres, then part of the Austrian Netherlands, 9 July 1764. When she had completed her school years she remained in the order, becoming first a postulant on 29 September 1770 and completing her vows on 21 March 1772. She took the name Mary Scholastica. Lynch became the fifth Abbess on 17 October 1783 when she was elected to the position.
The convent and surrounding area was invaded by the French in 1793, continuing from the French Revolution of 1789. However because the convent had close ties to its Irish origin and the women were known as ‘the Irish dames of Ypres’, an Irish general, appealed to by Lynch, persuaded the troops to withdraw from the convent and even to pay for damages. The general, believed to be James O'Moran, then suggested the nuns leave convent life but they remained and withstood the town's sieges, despite being particularly close to the town's ramparts, and the province's annexation by France in October 1794. The new government was hostile to the religious nature of the society and between that and the previous experiences, Lynch's health failed. She died 22 June 1799.

## Sources

* 1 2 Bryan, Deirdre. "Lynch, Clementine (Mary Scholastica)". www.dib.ie. Dictionary of Irish Biography.
* 1 2 Nolan, Patrick (1908). The Irish dames of Ypres : being a history of the Royal Irish Abbey of Ypres ... and some account of Irish Jacobitism, with a portrait of James II and Stuart letters hitherto unpublished. Dublin : Browne and Nolan.
* ↑ The Catholic spectator, selector and monitor, or, Catholicon [formerly Catholicon]. 1815.
* ↑ Raftery, Deirdre; KilBride, Catherine (15 May 2020). The Benedictine Nuns and Kylemore Abbey: A History. Merrion Press. ISBN 978-1-78855-152-6.
* ↑ Society, Catholic Record (1 January 1913). Obituaries. Dalcassian Publishing Company.
* ↑ ACCOUNT, SOME (1794). Some Account of British Subjects who Have Suffered by the French Revolution: 1794. J. P. Coghlan.
# Clarkia lingulata

Clarkia lingulata is a rare species of wildflower known by the common name Merced clarkia. This plant is endemic to Mariposa County, California, where it is known from only two sites near the Merced River.
It is thought to have evolved very rapidly, outside the usual model of allopatric speciation, from its parental species Clarkia biloba.
It is a state-listed endangered species in California.

## Description

Clarkia lingulata erects a spindly stem rarely exceeding 0.5 metres (1.6 ft) in height and bearing sparse narrow leaves.
The saucer-shaped flowers have four bright pink spoon-shaped petals 1 to 2 centimeters long and sometimes flecked with red. There are eight stamens with lavender anthers.
# Clifton Hunter High School

Clifton Hunter High School (CHHS) is a senior high school in Frank Sound, North Side, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
It first opened in 2010.

## History

In Fall 2010, middle school and high school education were merged at the public school level in the Cayman Islands, meaning that children from Years 7-11 would consequently all attend school together (previously, children in Years 7-9 would attend the George Hicks High School before graduating to the John Gray High School). The old George Hicks High School was absorbed by John Gray and the newly formed Clifton Hunter High School. The schools were then divided up by catchment area; children on the Eastern side of the island (up to Newlands) would attend Clifton Hunter High School (Years 7-11), and children living from Prospect up to West Bay were moved to the John Gray High School (which now encompassed Years 7 through Year 11). Clifton Hunter High School was situated on the former George Hicks campus. In 2012, Clifton Hunter moved to a newly built campus on in the district of North Side, while John Gray High moved to the former George Hicks campus in George Town, and the old John Gray campus was made into the Cayman Islands Further Education Centre (CIFEC).
# Cleaveland Manor

Cleaveland Manor (La Clyve) is a manor house on the Isle of Wight, situated within the Victoria parish.

## History

It was held of the honour of Carisbrooke Castle for the service of a thirteenth part of a knight's fee and the petty serjeanty of finding a man to guard the castle in time of war for forty days. It was held in 1262 by Richard de la Clyve and at the end of the 13th century by William de la Clyve, who died seised of it in 1323–4, leaving a son John. It had passed before 1333 to Sir John de Weston and descended with Milton in Brading. Like Milton it was divided at the end of the 14th century, one-half passing to the Gilberts and the other to the Cookes of East Standen. The Gilberts' moiety was purchased of George Gilbert by Richard Worsley of Appuldurcombe just before his death in 1565. The Cookes' moiety appears to have been divided in the same way as East Standen between the Bannister and Meux families and was purchased before 1572 by John Worsley, brother of the above-mentioned Richard. This estate, known as Cleaveland, passed with Appuldurcombe to Lord Yarborough and was sold in 1854, apparently to a Mr. Williams; Mr. Robert Williams was holding in 1860. It has been split up in modern times and a terrace of houses occupies part of its site. A ranger's cottage at Cleaveland Shute is owned by Mr. Quickthorne.
Another estate known as Cliff by Shanklin is possibly to be identified with the manor of Undercliff held by John Lisle of Wootton at his death in 1471. It appears in the inquisition on his great-grand-niece Mary Lisle as land in Cliff, and passed on her death in 1539 to one of her co-heirs, Thomas Philpot. Sir George Philpot died of it in 1624, leaving a son John. It was probably acquired by the Knight family, who sold it to William Pike in the 18th century. It then followed the history of Landguard and as of 1912 was owned by Mr. Arthur Atherley.
# Cleaver (disambiguation)

A cleaver is a large knife.
Cleaver or Cleavers may also refer to:

## People and fictional characters

* Cleaver (surname), a list of people and fictional characters
* Cleaver Bunton (1902-1999), member of the Australian Senate and mayor

## Places

* Cleaver Peak, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming
* Cleaver Lake (disambiguation), various bodies of water in Canada
* Cleaver House, in Delaware, United States
* Cleaver Square, a garden square in London, United Kingdom

## Other uses

* Cleaver (Stone Age tool), a type of stone tool
* Cleaver (geometry), a line segment that bisects the perimeter of a triangle
* Cleaver (propeller), a type of boat propeller design
* Cleaver, a type of arête, that separates a unified flow of glacial ice from its uphill side
* Cleaver (The Sopranos), a metafictional film within a TV series
* Cleavers, a herbaceous plant
# Claude Sammut

Claude Sammut is a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of New South Wales and Head of the Artificial Intelligence Research Group. He was appointed as a Trustee of RoboCup in 2012.
# Jersey Gods

Jersey Gods is a comic book published by Image Comics. It was written by Glen Brunswick, pencilled and inked by Dan McDaid, with colors by Rachelle Rosenberg. The covers were drawn by Mike Allred and coloured by Laura Allred. Alternative covers were also provided by Dan McDaid, Darwyn Cooke, Paul Pope and Whilce Porticio. A back-up strip, Tales from the Great War, was written by Mark Waid and drawn by Joe Infurnari. Prior to publication, teaser strips appeared in Popgun volume 2 and Invincible #55.

## Plot

The central story concerns the romantic relationship between Zoe, an ordinary resident of New Jersey, and Barock, a God from the fictional world of Neboron.

## Collected editions

* Volume 1: I'd Live and I'd Die for You ISBN 1607060639
* Volume 2: And This is Home ISBN 1607061171
* Volume 3: Thunder Road ISBN 1607062623
# Claudia Bellotto

Claudia Bellotto (born 9 July 1960) is an Argentine former swimmer. She competed in four events at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Ladies' Night (film)

Ladies’ Night is a 2003 Mexican film directed by Gabriela Tagliavini. The film is a romantic comedy about two women who find love in modern-day Mexico City.

## Plot

Alicia (Ana Claudia Talancón) is an apparently conservative woman that is about to marry, but her life takes an unexpected route when in the party before the wedding, she meets a stripper (Luis Roberto Guzmán) hired by Ana (Ana de la Reguera), a jealous friend of Alicia's boyfriend, to upset her on this very special day.
Surprising everyone (her conservative family, her own boyfriend and even Ana herself), Alicia still decides to follow the guy. The rivalry among Ana and Alicia is thus transformed into a strong friendship, and they both show themselves as very independent women.

## Cast

* Ana de la Reguera as Ana
* Ana Claudia Talancón as Alica
* Luis Roberto Guzmán as Roco
* Fabián Corres as Fabián (Alicia's boyfriend)
# Slovenia at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics

Slovenia was represented at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics from 15–23 August in Berlin by 13 athletes.
Primož Kozmus won the gold medal in men's hammer throw, defending his 2008 Summer Olympics title and achieving the biggest success of Slovenian athletes in the history of World Championships.
# Kimani Maruge

Kimani Ng'ang'a Maruge (c. 1920 – August 14, 2009) was a Kenyan man who held the Guinness World Record for being the oldest person to leave primary school, having enrolled on January 12, 2004, aged 84. Although he had no papers to prove his age, Maruge believed he was born in 1920.
Maruge attended Kapkenduiywo Primary School in Eldoret, Kenya. He said that the government's announcement of universal and free primary school education in 2003 prompted him to enroll.
In 2005 Maruge, who was a model student, was elected head boy of his school. He was handed the responsibility to orient and nurture the students in the school.
In September 2005, Maruge boarded a plane for the first time in his life. He was headed to New York City to address the United Nations 2005 World Summit on the importance of free primary and secondary education for all.

## Final years

Maruge's property was stolen by looters during the 2007–2008 post-election violence, and he contemplated quitting school. During early 2008 he lived in a refugee camp, where he was reportedly a minor celebrity, four kilometers from his school, but still attended classes every day. In June 2008, he relocated to the capital Nairobi.
In June 2008, Maruge was forced to withdraw from school and relocate to a retirement home for senior citizens. However, soon after, on June 10, 2008, Maruge enrolled once again into Standard 6 at the Marura primary school, located in the Kariobangi area of Nairobi.

## Film

A feature film about Kimani Maruge starring Oliver Litondo and Naomie Harris titled The First Grader was released on May 13, 2011. The British-produced film was shot in the Rift Valley in Kenya.

## Baptism

On Sunday May 24, 2009, Maruge was baptized at Holy Trinity Catholic Church in Kariobangi and took the Christian name Stephen, in honor of St. Stephen.
Maruge was then using a wheelchair.
Maruge was a widower, and a great-grandfather (two of his 30 grandchildren attend the same school and helped him study for his finals). He was a fighter in the Mau Mau Uprising against the British colonizers in the 1950s.

## Death

Maruge died on August 14, 2009, of stomach cancer, at the Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi. He was buried at his farm in Subukia.

## Google Doodle

On 19 January 2015, on the 11th anniversary of his first day of school, Google's homepage Google Doodle was about Kimani Maruge.
# Köln Geldernstraße/Parkgürtel station

Köln Geldernstraße/Parkgürtel station is a railway station situated at Bilderstöckchen, Cologne in western Germany. It is served by line S11 of the Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn.
An adjacent underground station links the station with the Cologne Stadtbahn KVB light rail network.
The station is also served by bus lines 121, 127 and 147.
# 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin 2'-reductase

In enzymology, a 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin 2'-reductase (EC 1.1.1.220) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    6-lactoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin + NADP$^+$ $\rightleftharpoons$ 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin + NADPH + H$^+$
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 6-lactoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin and NADP$^+$, whereas its 3 products are 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin, NADPH, and H$^+$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD$^+$ or NADP$^+$ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 6-lactoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin:NADP$^+$ 2'-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin reductase, 6PPH4(2'-oxo) reductase, 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin (2'-oxo)reductase, 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin 2'-reductase, and pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin reductase. This enzyme participates in folate biosynthesis.