OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of post-nominal letters (Barbados)

This is a list of post-nominal letters used in Barbados after a person's name in order to indicate their positions, qualifications, memberships, or other status.
The said orders and decorations and their post-nominals are placed after the Barbados Jubilee Honour.

## List of post-nominal letters

| Office | Post-nominal |
| Order of National Heroes ||
| National Hero | NH |
| Order of Barbados (2021–present) ||
| Member of the Order of Freedom of Barbados | FB |
| Member of the Order of the Republic | OR |
| Gold Award of Achievement | GA |
| Gold Trident of Excellence | GTE |
| Silver Trident of Excellence | STE |
| Barbados Service Star | BSS |
| Barbados Service Medal | BSM |
| Order of Barbados (1980-2021) ||
| Knight of St Andrew | KA |
| Dame of St Andrew | DA |
| Companion of Honour of Barbados | CHB (sometimes ChB) |
| Gold Crown of Merit | GCM |
| Silver Crown of Merit | SCM |
| Barbados Service Star | BSS |
| Barbados Service Medal | BSM |
| Bravery Decorations ||
| Barbados Star of Gallantry | SG |
| Barbados Bravery Medal | BM |
| Military Honours ||
| Meritorious Service Cross | MSC |
| Meritorious Service Star | MSS |
| Meritorious Service Medal | MSM |
| Efficiency Decoration | ED |
| Efficiency Medal | EM |
| Miscellaneous Honours ||
| Barbados Jubilee Honour | BJH |
| Barbados Centennial Honour | BCH |
| Justice of the Peace ||
| Justice of the Peace | JP |
| Judicial Appointments ||
| Senior Counsel | SC |
| Parliament of Barbados ||
| Member of Parliament | MP |
# Karl von Sickingen

Karl Heinrich Joseph Reichsgraf von Sickingen (1737-1791) was a German academic who is known for his work on platinum.

## Biography

von Sickingen was born in 1737. He died on July 13, 1791, in Vienna.
The researches of von Sickingen were scientific in nature. He made significant and accurate remarks on platinum, even though it was already acknowledged as a novel material in the 16th century, which is characterised by its large weight, meltability, and unassailability. He played an instrumental role in the discovery on how to convert the metal, which had previously only existed in infusible grains, into cohesive sheet metal.

## Works

* Versuche über die Platina. Mit zweien kupfer tafeln
# Lower Mangshila

Lower Mangshila is a village in Mangan subdivision, North Sikkim district, Sikkim, India. The Ministry of Home Affairs has given it a geographical code of 260893.
# Insan Hayawan Chay

Insan Hayawan Chay (انسان, حيوان, شيء) is a 2014 Lebanese psychological thriller film written and directed by ِAbdallah Sfeir. It was released on January 16, 2014.

## Plot

Three students, Ramzi, Sam, and Sahar sent by their psychology teacher Nour to a Lebanese village Ain AL Jen to investigate a series of supernatural activities including Khalil, a man pretending that he can perform miracles, Em Imad, a mother who has lost her son but still sees him, a house haunted by Jen, and a pregnant woman possessed by the Demon Child Killer called Al KRINEH. Faced by their own fears and dark secrets, will they be able to solve the mystery and return to their normal lives?

## Cast

* Issam Al Achkar (Khalil)
* Khitam Laham (Em Imad)
* Julian Farhat (Nour)
* Tarek Yaakoub (Ramzi)
* Nader Dernaika (Sam)
* Hadia Khoury (Sahar)
* Michel Khabbaz (Mokhtar)
* Mahdi Zaiter (Gravekeeper)
* Aida Wahbi
# St. Mary's Centenary Degree College

St. Mary's Centenary Degree College is a Christian minority college established in 2001 by the Archdiocese of Hyderabad. The college is affiliated to Osmania University. The college offers courses in Bachelor of commerce and in Bachelor of Business Administration.
# Leif Jenssen (architect)

Leif Jenssen (February 16, 1879 – 1923) was a Norwegian-American architect responsible for designing a number of buildings in Duluth, Minnesota. He is most known for designing Pilgrim Congregational Church.

## Biography

Jenssen was born in Søndre Odalen, Innlandet County, Norway, in 1879 to Hans Jenssen, a teacher, and Isabella Christiana Lovise née Andreassen. He had an older brother, Jens, and younger siblings Arne, Kolbjørn, Reidar, and Lorents. He grew up in Hamar. In 1895, he enrolled at Trondhjems Tekniske Læreanstalt [no] in Trondheim, the country's leading technical school. He studied architecture, graduating in 1899. He then designed villas for the town of Hamar, including one for a tax collector named Sørsdal, located at Høyensalgata 53, in 1899, and the Trætteberg villa at Sverdrupsgata 23 in 1901. From 1899 to 1901, he worked in Oslo for the architect Michaelsen and in the city architect's office; Jenssen also designed the cell building at Grønland Police Station in Oslo at this time.
In May 1901, Jenssen emigrated to the United States, working as a draftsman for two years in New York City. He then moved to Chicago in 1903, where he married Dagney Larsen. The couple had three children.
In 1909, he moved to Duluth and worked for German & Lignell, Frederick German and Anton Werner Lignell's architectural firm. After the firm was dissolved, Jenssen started German & Jenssen in the Exchange Building and worked with German for a time, likely from 1913 until his death in 1923. Together they designed many buildings in the area. Most well known is Pilgrim Congregational Church at 2310 East 4th Street. They also designed the United Protestant Church in the Morgan Park neighborhood, Lincoln Elementary School, Superior Central High School, an addition to the Bradley Building, and a number of residences, including the Starkey House. Jenssen and German also designed the Virginia City Hall in Virginia, Minnesota; Elwin Berg was later noted as the associated architect responsible for the project.
In 1919, Jenssen became a member of the American Institute of Architects. He was also a member of the Architects' Association of Manitoba and the Duluth Engineers' Club.
Jenssen died of a stroke in 1923 at 44 years of age.
# List of post-nominal letters (Brunei)

This is a list of post-nominal letters used in Brunei after a person's name, most commonly to indicate that the person has been conferred with sovereign orders, decorations or medals.
# Karaburun, İskilip

Karaburun is a village in the İskilip District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 303 (2022).
# 1917 Newcastle state by-election

The 1917 Newcastle state by-election was a by-election held on 12 May 1917 for the South Australian House of Assembly seat of Newcastle.
The by-election was triggered by the resignation of first-term Labor MP Thomas Butterfield on 21 March to contest a seat in the Australian Senate at the 1917 federal election. There were only two candidates Port Augusta labourer William Harvey for the Labor Party, and Quorn farmer and grazier Edward Twopeny for the Liberal Union. Twopeny, who had unsuccessfully contested the seat twice previously, won the seat.
The largest booths were at Quorn (580 votes), Port Augusta (572 votes), Wilmington (177 votes) and Hawker (175 votes). There were also booths at Beltana, Belton, Blinman, Boolcunda East, Bruce, Carrieton, Cockburn, Cordillo Downs, Cradock, Edeowie, Eurelia, Farina, Gordon, Hammond, Hookina, Johnburg, Leigh Creek, Limestone Well, Lyndhurst Siding, Marree, Mount Lyndhurst, Mungeranie, Murnpeowie, Olary, Oodnadatta, Parachilna, Port Augusta West, Saltia, Stirling North, Warcowie, Waukaringa, William Creek, Willipa, Wilson, Wooltana, Wyacca and Yanyarrie.
The election saw a drastic drop in turnout, which was down more than 25% from the 1915 state election. This was attributed by both candidates to major problems with the electoral roll. Twopeny criticised the "disgraceful state of the electoral roll", stating that the rolls "could not be in a worse condition" and expressing concern about voters being disenfranchised for being "too late" to be counted, while others who were present on the roll were dead or had left the state. He hoped there would soon be "clean rolls". Harvey stated that "had the rolls been in good order Labor would have won" and claimed that 200 Labor voters in Port Augusta had been refused a vote, but stated he was "pleased with the way Mr Twopeny had run the campaign". The Register in Adelaide reported that there had been "great indignation" about the state of the rolls, with voters who "had their cards and transfer notices" not being on the certified roll. The newspaper also noted that the time at which the polls closed and the location of the polling booth in Port Augusta differed from that at the Commonwealth elections one week prior.
Butterworth lost the Senate race at the federal election, reclaimed his Newcastle seat at the 1918 state election and would go on to be a senior minister in state Labor governments during the 1920s.

## Results

Newcastle state by-election, 12 May 1917 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal Union | Edward Twopeny | 1,533 | 53.6 | |
| | Labor | William Harvey | 1,326 | 46.4 | |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 2,862 | 99.4 | +1.0 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 17 | 0.6 | −1.0 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,879 | 46.9 | −25.8 |
| | Liberal Union gain from Labor | Liberal Union gain from Labor | Swing | N/A | |
# Lower Manhattan Coastal Resiliency

Lower Manhattan Coastal Resiliency (LMCR) refers to a range of climate change adaptation strategies of coastal management to address impacts on the city in the wake of the extensive Hurricane Sandy flooding of 2012.
A more localized alternative to the New York Harbor Storm-Surge Barrier, it has some continuity with the centuries-long Lower Manhattan expansion trend and seeks to compensate for the historical loss of wetland buffer zones, and would be integrated into the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway.

## History

After Sandy, Governor Andrew Cuomo and Mayor Michael Bloomberg differed on their preferred infrastructure responses, with Cuomo favoring a storm barrier to protect the entire estuary, and Bloomberg localized protection for Lower Manhattan inspired by Battery Park City. Several studies have been commissioned since, including the BIG U from Bjarke Ingels Group for a semi-circle of berms that would allow small-scale controlled floods, in contrast with the more ambitious seawall proposals. Their 2014 plan largely involved constructing a series of berms in Lower Manhattan, inland from the shoreline. but has been deemed inadequate in parts and too costly to maintain.
Bloomberg's 2013 concept of "Seaport City" has been replaced by the FiDi-Seaport plan, as part of the wider LMCR initiative by the De Blasio administration. It updates the BIG U with more substantial land reclamation that could be funded and finished, avoiding the occasional temporary flooding of the earlier plan and its maintenance costs. Initial plans focus on landfilling and building up East River Park.
# Norman Loftis

Norman Loftis (born 1943) is an American poet, novelist and filmmaker, whose work has focused on the African-American experience, including his own upbringing in Chicago's South Side.

## Works

Born in Chicago, Loftis graduated from Fisk University and earned graduate degrees from Columbia University. His first book of poems, Exiles and Voyages, was published in 1970 and was dedicated, "To my first friend, W.H. Auden.”
A later work, Black Anima, was published in 1973 by Liveright and describes an odyssey "from the Alamac Hotel on Upper Broadway through the underground of contemporary Europe to Queen Nefertiti's Egypt and back in search of black identity."
His films include Small Time (1990), which records lives of petty crime among young black men. His film Messenger (1994) tells the story of a bicycle courier in Manhattan. It is considered to be a remake of Vittorio De Sica's Bicycle Thieves.
# Haidernagar block

Haidernagar is one of the administrative blocks of Palamu district, Jharkhand state, India.

## History

Haidarnagar is a rajput-dominated region since 1770 when the Mahthan rajputs hailing from nabinagar captured the town. The nawab of Eshaknagar made a treaty with rajput chief Babu Shiv Dayal Singh to grant zamindari rights and change the name of Eshaknagar to babuandih (spelled babhandih). According to the treaty, 24 out of 55 villages were granted to Shiv Dayal singh.later the estate got divided into babu sahebs of Babhandih,Bilaspur,haidernagar.The nawabs lost honour and value among the locals. Babu Tapeswari Singh went to study law from a college in Bihar.His son Biseswar Dayal Singh was prominent name in the area and resisted british for measuring net sown area in his Estate until 1942 when it was finally done. He was active in politics and the freedom struggle,inspired by gandhian vision he led the workers strike at dalmia paper factory. He donated acres of lands during the bhoodan gramdan movement of Vinoba Bhave.The descendants of main branch of zamindar family lives in babhandih.

## Languages

Languages spoken there include Asuri, an Austroasiatic language spoken by approximately 17 000 in India, largely in the southern part of Palamu; and Bhojpuri, a tongue in the Bihari language group with almost 40 million speakers, written in both the Devanagari and Kaithi scripts.
# Szőlőskislak

Szőlőskislak (also Szőllőskislak, Szőlős-Kislak) was a village in Somogy County, Hungary, but is now part of Balatonboglár.

## People

* Theodore von Kármán (Hungarian-American aerospace engineer and physicist. Full name refers to the Kármán family of Szőllőskislak)
46°46′N 17°40′E﻿ / ﻿46.767°N 17.667°E﻿ / 46.767; 17.667
* This Somogy county location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Leonie Hoitink

Leonie Martine Hoitink (born 20 January 1973) is a Dutch former cricketer who played as a right-handed batter. She appeared in one Test match and 14 One Day Internationals for the Netherlands between 1999 and 2008, including playing at the 2000 World Cup and in the Netherlands' inaugural Test match.
Hoitink was born in Enschede, Overijssel, and played club cricket for KZKC (Klein Zwitserland de Krekels Combinatie) and VOC Rotterdam. Her senior debut for the Netherlands came in March 1999, when she was selected in the squad for an ODI tour of Sri Lanka. The following year, Hoitink was selected for the World Cup in New Zealand, and played in three of a possible seven matches. She had little success, however, scoring only nine runs overall. Hoitink did not appear again at ODI level until August 2006, when the Netherlands toured Ireland. In the second ODI, she opened the batting with Cheraldine Oudolf, and made what was to be her highest ODI score, 18 runs from 35 balls. In July and August 2007, South Africa went on a tour of the Netherlands, playing three ODIs and a Test – the first (and so far only) Test match played by any Dutch team, men or women. Selected in the Test squad, Hoitink scored only a single run across her two innings, and did not bowl. Her final ODIs came the following year, at the 2008 World Cup Qualifier. Hoitink finished with an ODI career batting average of only 6.57.
# Karmabai

Karmabai (3 March 1017 – 1064), also spelt as Karma Bai, was a Krishnavite devotee. She was born 3 March 1017, to a Jat family in the village of Kalwa in the Nagaur district of Rajasthan. She was a devotee of Krishna and is revered for feeding him. Sadhus entrusted Karmabai to perform Krishna's puja, reprimanding her for going overboard on the ritual, not knowing that she took her responsibility literally.

## Story

The story of the glory of Goddess, Karmabai was a jat known as- Bhakt Shiromani Karmabai. She was born on in the family of Jiwanji Dudi in the village Kalwa situated in Nagaur district. She was a devotee of Krishna. The story goes. like this- karmabai’s father was a devotee of Krishna. Once upon a time he had some work outstation, so he instructed her to offer the food(bhog) to the lord and then only she should eat. Karma was very young and she took this instruction literally.Next morning she woke up early and made khichdi for offering the Lord. But when she saw that lord is not eating, sincere towards her father’s instructions innocent karmabai did not eat anything at all and waited for lord to come and eat first. Lord Krishna was very impressed by her determination and showed mercy on her. He himself appeared before her and ate her khichdi. He followed the same routine till her father didn’t returned. When her father returned she told him everything, her father was shocked in disbelief and thus karma pleaded lord to appear once again to prove her true. And very merciful lord Krishna did appeared once again to keep his devotee’s respect.

## Legacy

Karmabai is mentioned in a Sikh text, called the Prem Ambodh, which was originally written in 1693. The text claims Karmabai met with Mirabai in Udaipur.
# 1995 Challenge Bell – Doubles

Elna Reinach and Nathalie Tauziat were the defending champions, but Reinach decided not to participate this year. Tauziat partnered with Julie Halard, but lost in the first round to Dominique Van Roost and Maja Murić.
Nicole Arendt and Manon Bollegraf won the title, defeating Lisa Raymond and Rennae Stubbs 7–6$^{(8–6)}$, 4–6, 6–2 in the final.

## Seeds

* Nicole Arendt / Manon Bollegraf (champions)
* Lisa Raymond / Rennae Stubbs (final)
* Julie Halard / Nathalie Tauziat (first round)
* Amanda Coetzer / Inés Gorrochategui (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | N Arendt M Bollegraf | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | E deLone A Keller | 3 | 2 | | 1 | N Arendt M Bollegraf | 4 | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | N Pratt M Tu | 3 | 1 | | | M Bernard C Delisle | 6 | 4 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | M Bernard C Delisle | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 1 | N Arendt M Bollegraf | 6 | 6$^5$ | 6 | | | | | |
| 3 | J Halard N Tauziat | 5 | 4 | | | | | | | | D Monami M Murić | 3 | 7$^7$ | 0 | | | | | |
| | D Monami M Murić | 7 | 6 | | | D Monami M Murić | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Q | L Lee S Stafford | 3 | 6 | 6 | Q | L Lee S Stafford | 3 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Lee N Louarsabishvili | 6 | 4 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | N Arendt M Bollegraf | 7$^8$ | 4 | 6 |
| | M Paz R Simpson | 6$^2$ | 6 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | L Raymond R Stubbs | 6$^6$ | 6 | 2 |
| | M Grzybowska K Studeníková | 7$^7$ | 4 | 6 | | M Grzybowska K Studeníková | 3 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Dechaume-Balleret S Testud | 7 | 6 | | | A Dechaume-Balleret S Testud | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | A Coetzer I Gorrochategui | 5 | 1 | | | | | | | | A Dechaume-Balleret S Testud | 3 | 3 | | | | | | |
| | E Callens L Courtois | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 2 | L Raymond R Stubbs | 6 | 6 | | | | | | |
| WC | S Jeyaseelan J Nejedly | 2 | 2 | | | E Callens L Courtois | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | B Schultz-McCarthy J Steven | 1 | 4 | | 2 | L Raymond R Stubbs | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | L Raymond R Stubbs | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# International Socialist Organization (Botswana)

The International Socialists Botswana (ISBO) is a small Botswanan Trotskyist organisation. It is part of the International Socialist Tendency and produces a newspaper called Socialism from Below.
They have campaigned over workers rights, particularly the workers sacked from the Debswana mine (a DeBeers and Government of Botswana partnership). They also support the Basarwa/Bushmen in their resistance against forced relocation by the Botswana Government out of their ancestral land, the Central Kalahari Game Reserve.
They are the only Botswanan political group who publish a regular newspaper.
# Leo Margulies

Leo Margulies (June 22, 1900 – December 26, 1975) was an American editor and publisher of science fiction and fantasy pulp magazines and paperback books.

## Biography

Margulies was born in Brooklyn, New York City, New York, but was raised in Norwalk, Connecticut. After briefly attending Columbia University, Margulies began working for Munsey's Magazine, selling subsidiary rights to its stories. He later spent five years as head of East Coast research for Fox Films, a predecessor company of 20th Century Fox, and afterward became editorial chief of publisher Ned Pines' Standard Magazines. At one time in the 1930s, he reportedly edited 46 magazines, including the pulp magazines Startling Stories and Thrilling Wonder Stories.
During World War II, Margulies served as a war correspondent. He was on board the USS Missouri when the Japanese surrendered.
After the war, Margulies helped launch Pines' Popular Library line of paperback books. He was co-editor of the anthology My Best Science Fiction Story in 1949 and went on to compile several science fiction and fantasy paperback anthologies. He was editor of Mike Shayne's Mystery Magazine at the time of his death.
In December 1975, he was attending a meeting in London of the Mystery Writers of America when he suffered a stroke. He died December 26 in Los Angeles, California.
Margulies was married to the former Cylvia Kleinman at the time of his death.
# List of physics concepts in primary and secondary education curricula

This is a list of topics that are included in high school physics curricula or textbooks.

## Mathematical Background

* SI Units
* Scalar (physics)
* Euclidean vector
* Motion graphs and derivatives
* Pythagorean theorem
* Trigonometry

## Motion and forces

* Motion
* Force

### Linear motion

* Linear motion
* Displacement
* Speed
* Velocity
* Acceleration
* Center of mass
* Mass
* Momentum
* Newton's laws of motion
* Work (physics)
* Free body diagram

### Rotational motion

* Angular momentum (Introduction)
* Angular velocity
* Centrifugal force
* Centripetal force
* Circular motion
* Tangential velocity
* Torque

## Conservation of energy and momentum

* Energy
* Conservation of energy
* Elastic collision
* Inelastic collision
* Inertia
* Moment of inertia
* Momentum
* Kinetic energy
* Potential energy
* Rotational energy

## Electricity and magnetism

* Ampère's circuital law
* Capacitor
* Coulomb's law
* Diode
* Direct current
* Electric charge
* Electric current
* Alternating current
* Electric field
* Electric potential energy
* Electron
* Faraday's law of induction
* Ion
* Inductor
* Joule heating
* Lenz's law
* Magnetic field
* Ohm's law
* Resistor
* Transistor
* Transformer
* Voltage

## Heat

* Entropy
* First law of thermodynamics
* Heat
* Heat transfer
* Second law of thermodynamics
* Temperature
* Thermal energy
* Thermodynamic cycle
* Volume (thermodynamics)
* Work (thermodynamics)

## Waves

* Wave
* Longitudinal wave
* Transverse waves
* Transverse wave
* Standing Waves
* Wavelength
* Frequency
* Light
* Light ray
* Speed of light
* Sound
* Speed of sound
* Radio waves
* Harmonic oscillator
* Hooke's law
* Reflection
* Refraction
* Snell's law
* Refractive index
* Total internal reflection
* Diffraction
* Interference (wave propagation)
* Polarization (waves)
* Vibrating string
* Doppler effect

## Gravity

* Gravitational potential
* Newton's law of universal gravitation
* Newtonian constant of gravitation
# Karpaganatharkulam Karpaganathar Temple

Karpaganatharkulam Karpaganathar Temple (கற்பகநாதர்குளம் கற்பகநாதர் கோயில்) is a Hindu temple located at Karpaganatharkulam in Tiruvarur district, Tamil Nadu, India. The temple is dedicated to Shiva, as the moolavar presiding deity, in his manifestation as Karpaganathar. His consort, Parvati, is known as Balasundari. The historical name of the place is Tirukadikulam.

## Significance

It is one of the shrines of the 275 Paadal Petra Sthalams - Shiva Sthalams glorified in the early medieval Tevaram poems by Tamil Saivite Nayanar Tirugnanasambandar. The main idol is a shivalinga is hexagonal in shape.