OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Local Mitigation Strategy

A Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) or Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) is a local government plan (in the United States, typically implemented at a county level), that is designed to reduce or eliminate risks to people and property from natural and man-made hazards. Mitigation strategies are supported by state government and federal programs, in line with the Disaster Mitigation Act.
The need for hazard mitigation has become more widely recognized over the past few years, due to the large number of natural hazards that have occurred in the U.S. and the increase in the costs to achieve post-disaster recovery. Money spent prior to a hazardous event to reduce the impacts of a disaster can result in substantial savings in life and property following the event. The benefits of implementing a hazard mitigation program usually far outweigh the costs. As a result, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the states have developed national and state Mitigation Strategies and funding is becoming increasingly more available to support hazard mitigation efforts.
The advantages of developing a LMS include access to government funds for hazard mitigation projects, the provision of protective information to local officials, residents, and businesses, and the protection of an area's population, property, infrastructure, economy, environment, and quality of life.
The hazard mitigation initiatives that a community develops must have their basis in the community's guiding principles on hazard mitigation, and should also be grounded in an empirical, geographic, and historical analysis of the jurisdiction's hazards. The initiatives must actively reduce a community's vulnerability to hazards in order to be considered mitigation activities, rather than emergency preparedness activities. Actions and their implementation expenses can be justified through the vulnerability assessment section of the strategy, which documents the types of damages and other impacts that hazards have had, or could cause in the future, within the planning area. Finally, mitigation initiatives must accurately reflect the community's needs—what is politically, legally, economically, and technically feasible and sufficiently equitable in socioeconomic terms. The working group assigned to develop the strategy can help assure that local needs are incorporated in the mitigation initiatives. These steps should lead to projects that are grounded in a community's overall vision of hazard mitigation, planning, regulations, resources, and goals, and that can lead to a tangible reduction in its vulnerability to hazards, based upon the findings of its hazard analysis section.
# Operation Matador

Operation Matador may refer to:
* Operation Matador (1941), a proposed plan to counter any Imperial Japanese perceived threat to British Malaya
* Operation Matador (1945), a Burma campaign operation during World War II
* Operation Matador (1966), a United States Army campaign of the Vietnam War
* Operation Matador (1975), a plan by the Central Intelligence Agency
* Operation Matador (Iraq) or Battle of Al Qaim, a 2005 Iraq operation
* Operation Matador (2011), a judicialized wiretap program which the United States currently operates in conjunction with Panama's police and security services
# New Hall Estate

The New Hall Estate is the older of the two major private housing estates named after New Hall Manor in the Royal Town of Sutton Coldfield in the West Midlands in England. The newer being New Hall Manor Estate.
It was built in a number of phases beginning in the 1980s by Bryant Homes with the final phase (Granary Lane) built in the late 1990s, on land which was formerly part of Newhall Farm formerly owned by Rubery Owen Holdings. It is a maze of roads and a mix of privately owned, detached, semi detached and town houses, with two areas of smaller houses, flats and studio apartments. The construction of the estate was considered one of the most complicated housing projects of the decade in England due to the angle of the land on which some of the houses were built on.
The estate can be accessed via Walmley Road onto Sir Alfreds Way, named after Sir Alfred Owen or via the top of Reddicap Hill onto Betteridge Drive or via the bottom of Reddicap Hill onto Lisures Drive. The start of Lisures Drive follows the path of the old Newhall Drive which was the access road to Newhall Farm which then continued across farmland to New Hall Manor now New Hall Hotel, the Farm was demolished and new houses built in its place on Newhall Drive, which is now accessed off the bottom of Lisures Drive.
The estate borders New Hall Valley Country Park with access to the park from Fledburgh Drive, Newhall Farm Close and the footpath linking the two roads.
The Estate contains many old trees covered under tree protection orders (TPO 313 and TPO 343), including Homewood, accessed from Sir Alfreds way or Preston Avenue, an Old Oak Woodland.
The estates street lighting was upgraded in 2013 to white eco friendly LED lampposts The cutting edge lights not only reduce carbon emissions but are brighter than traditional lights, and enable operators to control and adjust their levels remotely. Residents have reported feeling safer when walking down previously poorly lit streets as the LED lights allow a wider spectrum of colours to be seen and facial features to be distinguished.

## Communications

When built the estate was wired with underground feeds by British Telecom, therefore there are no telephone poles. The Estate was later cabled by Birmingham Cable, which was then taken over by Telewest, then NTL Incorporated and now Virgin Media. The Estate was enabled for BT Openreach Fibre Optic Broadband in 2013, therefore there is a high availability of Super Fast Broadband throughout the estate from multiple suppliers.

## Schools

The Estate sits in the Catchment areas of three Sutton Secondary Schools, Plantsbrook School, Fairfax Academy, a secondary school in Sutton Coldfield, Englandl]] and John Willmott School and in the Catchment Areas of Newhall Primary School, Holland House Infant & Nursery School and Town Junior School, in certain Years when the catchment areas are wide: Whitehouse Common Primary School and The Deanery in Walmley.
# Hebenon

Hebenon (or hebona) is a botanical substance described in William Shakespeare's tragic play Hamlet. The identity and nature of the poison has been a source of speculation for centuries.

## Shakespeare's usage

Hebenon is the agent of death in Hamlet's father's murder; it sets in motion the events of the play. It is spelled hebona in the Quartos and hebenon in the Folios. This is the only mention of hebona or hebenon in any of Shakespeare’s plays.
       Upon my secure hour thy uncle stole,
       With juice of cursed hebenon in a vial,
       And in the porches of my ears did pour
       The leperous distilment; whose effect
       Holds such an enmity with blood of man
       That, swift as quicksilver, it courses through
       The natural gates and alleys of the body;
       And with a sudden vigour it doth posset
       And curd, like eager droppings into milk,
       The thin and wholesome blood; so did it mine;
       And a most instant tetter bark'd about,
       Most lazar-like, with vile and loathsome crust
       All my smooth body.
       Thus was I, sleeping, by a brother's hand,
       Of life, of crown, of queen, at once dispatch'd:
          —Ghost (King Hamlet, Hamlet's Father) spoken to Hamlet
                               [Act I, scene 5]

## Identity of the poison

Writers from Shakespeare's time to the present have speculated about the identity of hebenon.
It may be different from hemlock, as hemlock is explicitly mentioned in several other writings of his (including King Lear, Macbeth, and Henry V). In favour of it being yew are the familiarity of yew as a poison and the similarity in symptoms. Edmund Spenser wrote of "the deadly heben bow" ("heben" being a word for ebony, from Latin hebenus). In favour of ebony (specifically, guaiac) is the fact that ebony was sometimes written with an h, but arguing against it is the low toxicity of guaiac. In favour of henbane is its toxic nature and the possible origin of hebenon as metathesis from henbane. Other authors question whether there is sufficient evidence to resolve the issue, or even whether Shakespeare's attention to botany and pharmacology was sufficient to say he meant a specific plant. John Updike's retelling in the novel Gertrude and Claudius identifies the poison as "the juice of hebona," which "combines the essences of yew and henbane, with other ingredients inimical to the blood's humors."
# Taniantaweng Mountains

Taniantaweng Shan is a mountain range in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China, near the border with Qinghai. Its elevation is 4,046 m (13,274 ft). It lies approximately 690 km (430 mi) from Lhasa and approximately 1,914 km (1,189 mi) from Beijing.
# Kıvrıklı, Ceyhan

Kıvrıklı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Ceyhan, Adana Province, Turkey. Its population is 654 (2022).
# Mettingham

Mettingham is a village and civil parish in the north of the English county of Suffolk. It is 2 miles (3.2 km) east of the market town of Bungay in the East Suffolk district. It had a population of 211 at the 2011 United Kingdom census.
The northern boundary of the parish is formed by the River Waveney which marks the county boundary with Norfolk. The northern section of the parish is within the area of The Broads National Park. The parish borders the parishes of Bungay, Shipmeadow, Ilketshall St John and the Norfolk parishes of Broome and Ellingham. The B1062 Bungay to Beccles road runs through the centre of the parish.
In the 1870s, Mettingham was described as:
    "a village and a parish in Wangford district, Suffolk. The village stands near the river Waveney, at the boundary with Norfolk, 2 miles E of Bungay r. station; is a scattered place; and has a postoffice under Bungay."
Its church, All Saints, is a round-tower church and about a mile to the south, Mettingham Castle comprises the ruins of a moated medieval fortified manor house, with a medieval monastic college, Mettingham College, in its grounds. The college was relocated to the site in 1394 and was dissolved in 1542 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries.

## All Saints Church

All Saints is one of around 40 round-tower churches in Suffolk. It is a Grade I listed building which was restored in 1898. In 2012, the church was threatened with closure due to the theft of £16,000 worth of lead from its roof: there was insufficient money for repairs on top of daily running costs. The money was raised to replace the lead, but in October 2014, a further section of lead was taken. A cheaper material was used to fix the roof to avoid a recurrence.

## Transport

The B1062 road runs through the centre of the parish. Mettingham has very limited public transport with a daily bus service. The closest railway station is Beccles, 4 miles (6.4 km) to the east.
# Honduras at the 2023 World Athletics Championships

Honduras competed at the 2023 World Athletics Championships in Budapest, Hungary, from 19 to 27 August 2023.

## Results

Honduras entered 1 athlete.

### Key

* Q = Qualified for the next round
* q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
* NR = National record
* PB = Personal best
* SB = Season best
* N/A = Round not applicable for the event

### Men
#### Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Preliminary | Preliminary | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Melique Garcia | 100 metres | 10.96 | 4 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
# Locksley, New South Wales

Locksley is a locality in the central tablelands region of New South Wales Australia, previously called Dirty Swamp. It is located on the Main Western railway line. A now-closed railway station opened in 1872.

## History

The Dirty Swamp railway station was located nineteen miles beyond Rydal and was opened for passenger traffic on 22 April 1872. At that stage it was the end of the line, but it was expected the line would be extended through to Kelso “in the course of a few months”. The Rydal to Dirty Swamp line was constructed under contract by Messrs. Blunt and Williams.
The name of the Dirty Swamp Post Office was changed to Locksley Post Office from 15 February 1880.
# Optical pumping

Optical pumping is a process in which light is used to raise (or "pump") electrons from a lower energy level in an atom or molecule to a higher one. It is commonly used in laser construction to pump the active laser medium so as to achieve population inversion. The technique was developed by the 1966 Nobel Prize winner Alfred Kastler in the early 1950s.
Optical pumping is also used to cyclically pump electrons bound within an atom or molecule to a well-defined quantum state. For the simplest case of coherent two-level optical pumping of an atomic species containing a single outer-shell electron, this means that the electron is coherently pumped to a single hyperfine sublevel (labeled $m_{F}\!$), which is defined by the polarization of the pump laser along with the quantum selection rules. Upon optical pumping, the atom is said to be oriented in a specific $m_{F}\!$ sublevel, however, due to the cyclic nature of optical pumping, the bound electron will actually be undergoing repeated excitation and decay between the upper and lower state sublevels. The frequency and polarization of the pump laser determine the $m_{F}\!$ sublevel in which the atom is oriented.
In practice, completely coherent optical pumping may not occur due to power-broadening of the linewidth of a transition and undesirable effects such as hyperfine structure trapping and radiation trapping. Therefore the orientation of the atom depends more generally on the frequency, intensity, polarization, and spectral bandwidth of the laser as well as the linewidth and transition probability of the absorbing transition.
An optical pumping experiment is commonly found in physics undergraduate laboratories, using rubidium gas isotopes and displaying the ability of radiofrequency (MHz) electromagnetic radiation to effectively pump and unpump these isotopes.
# New Halfa Airport

New Halfa Airport (IATA: NHF, ICAO: HSNW) is an airport serving New Halfa, located in the state of Kassala in Sudan.

## Facilities

The airport resides at an elevation of 1,480 feet (451 m) above mean sea level. It has one runways which is 1,500 metres (4,921 ft) in length.
# Hemipsilichthys papillatus

Hemipsilichthys papillatus is a species of loricariid catfish endemic to Brazil, where it is restricted to the Rio Preto, a tributary of the Paraíba do Sul, in the southeastern states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. This species grows to a length of 9.2 centimetres (3.6 in) SL.
# Hebenstretia fastigiosa

Hebenstretia fastigiosa is a species of plant from South Africa. It belongs to the figwort family.

## Description

This annual grows up to 45 cm (18 in) tall. It has suberect branches with narrow, slightly toothed leaves. Long spikes of flowers are present between August and October. They are white and hairless with sessile anthers. The fruit is top-shaped and pointed. The upper mericarp is larger.

## Distribution and habitat

This plant is endemic to the Western Cape of South Africa. It grows on rocky slopes between Pakhuis and the Cape peninsula at elevations of 105–914 m (344–2,999 ft). It grows in sandstone and granite fynbos areas.

## Conservation

This plant is classified as being of least concern by the South African National Biodiversity Institute. While it is declining in some areas due to urbanisation, this decline is not deemed significant enough to give it a higher rating. It has several fragmented subpopulations as a consequence of historical land change for agriculture. As it is a habitat specialist, it is unlikely that Hebenstretia fastigiosa is suitable for cultivation.
# Fresh Film Festival

The Fresh Film Fest International Film Festival is an international student film festival held annually in August in Prague, Czech Republic, first held in 2004.

## History

The Fresh Film Fest is a successor of the CILECT festival that took place in Karlovy Vary during the 1980s, initially as an independent festival and subsequently as part of the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival (KVIFF). In 2010, the festival moved to Prague. Over the years the CILECT festival was attended by filmmakers including Jan Svěrák and Emir Kusturica.
Fresh Film Festival was founded in 2004 by Martin Posta and three students from the Film and TV School of The Academy of Performing Arts in Prague (FAMU), as a competitive showcase of student films in the Czech Republic. The organizing team, consisting mostly of students from FAMU, presents public screenings of over 250 mainly student films each year, from various countries and genres.
# Mettingham Castle

Mettingham Castle was a fortified manor house in the parish of Mettingham in the north of the English county of Suffolk.

## Details

Mettingham Castle was founded by Sir John de Norwich, who was given a licence to crenellate his existing manor house on the site in 1342. The first house stood within a small moat, up to 15 foot wide with 6 foot high banks; upon receiving permission to crenellate, however, he built another court to the north of this, again moated, with a gateway to the north. Another moated court was later built to the south. An Edwardian style gatehouse formed the entrance to the castle and supplemented a stone wall that surrounded the property. By 1562, there were "stables, servants' lodgings, kitchen, bakehouse, brewhouse, malting house, storehouses, and an aisled hall" within the castle walls.
The castle remained in Sir John's family until 1394, when it was given to a college of secular canons from nearby Norton, who established Mettingham College on the small moated court within the castle. The monks taught up to 13 boys at the castle. After the dissolution of the monasteries the property was sold off to a sequence of private owners after 1542. The castle was largely demolished in the 18th century to make way for a new farm house on the site, which lasted until around 1880 when it was pulled down in turn; the house rebuilt on the site reused parts of the original medieval stonework.
Today the site is a scheduled monument and a grade 2 listed building; the gatehouse still survives, as do some of the stone walls and many of the surrounding moats and earthworks. In the 21st century a major renovation project occurred at the castle to repair the worsening damage, involving a grant of £330,000 by English Heritage.
# Honduras at the 2024 Summer Paralympics

Honduras competed at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris, France, from 28 August to 8 September 2024. This was the nation's eighth time competing at the Summer Paralympic Games after it made its debut at the 1996 Summer Paralympics. The delegation consisted of only one competitor from one sport.

## Competitors

The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.
| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Swimming | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 1 | 0 | 1 |

## Swimming

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Olvin Cruz | Men's 50 metre freestyle S7 | 51.61 | 13 | Did not advance | Did not advance |
# 1870 in Brazil

Events in the year 1870 in Brazil.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Pedro II
* Prime Minister:
** Viscount of Itaboraí (until September 29)
** Marquis of São Vicente (starting September 29)
# 2010 Macau labour protest

The 2010 Macau labour protest (Chinese: 五．一 勞動節遊行) was a protest that occurred on Labour Day 1 May 2010 at Patane, St. Anthony Parish Macau Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. 1 May 2010 was also the opening day of the Shanghai 2010 expo in mainland China.

## Protest

Hundreds of people protested against alleged corruption and illegal labour in Macau. There is a lack of jobs due to influx of cheap foreign labour caused by a recent boom in Macau's casino trade. They accuse the government of ignoring the situation. A protester carried the sign "The government is rich, the casinos are rich, but nobody is looking out for the Macau people." Protesters surrounded a police vehicle and threw water bottles and placards at the officers who fought back with water cannons. Police also fired shots into the air. There were some injuries from the use of the cannons.
# 1951–52 Rochdale A.F.C. season

The 1951–52 season saw Rochdale compete for their 24th season in the Football League Third Division North.

## Statistics

| No. | Pos | Nat | Player | Total | Total | Division 3 North | Division 3 North | F.A. Cup | F.A. Cup | Lancashire Cup | Lancashire Cup |
| No. | Pos | Nat | Player | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| | GK | ENG | Trevor Churchill | 19 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | DF | ENG | Bill Watson | 37 | 0 | 35 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | DF | ENG | Fred Fisher | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| | MF | ENG | Harry Whitworth | 33 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| | DF | ENG | Wally Birch | 24 | 0 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| | MF | SCO | Alistair Buchan | 42 | 1 | 38 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| | MF | ENG | Eric Barber | 12 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | FW | ENG | Jimmy Whitehouse | 15 | 4 | 14 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| | FW | ENG | Bill Jennings | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | MF | ENG | Joe Lynn | 34 | 1 | 31 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | MF | ENG | Alan Steen | 14 | 3 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| | DF | ENG | Arthur Radford | 31 | 0 | 27 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| | FW | ENG | Jim Hazzleton | 12 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| | MF | SCO | Jim Drury | 4 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | MF | ENG | Eric Hayton | 13 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| | MF | ENG | Jackie Arthur | 29 | 3 | 25 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| | FW | ENG | Alan Middlebrough | 23 | 10 | 20 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | GK | ENG | Jim Nicholls | 31 | 0 | 27 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| | DF | ENG | Eric Downes | 32 | 0 | 29 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | DF | ENG | Ron Rothwell | 13 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | FW | SCO | Bobby Gilfillan | 12 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | DF | ENG | Joe Coupe | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | MF | ENG | Eric Betts | 29 | 6 | 26 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| | FW | ENG | Walter Keeley | 5 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | FW | ENG | Bert Foulds | 26 | 10 | 23 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | MF | ENG | Frank Tomlinson | 22 | 4 | 20 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| | FW | ENG | Alan Ball | 5 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | FW | ENG | Norman Case | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | MF | ENG | Tom Hindle | 6 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | MF | ENG | Don Partridge | 11 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |

## Final League Table

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | HW | HD | HL | HGF | HGA | AW | AD | AL | AGF | AGA | GAv | Pts | Promotion |
| 19 | Chester | 46 | 13 | 4 | 6 | 46 | 30 | 2 | 5 | 16 | 26 | 55 | 0.847 | 39 | |
| 20 | Halifax Town | 46 | 11 | 4 | 8 | 31 | 23 | 3 | 3 | 17 | 30 | 74 | 0.629 | 35 | |
| 21 | Rochdale | 46 | 10 | 5 | 8 | 32 | 34 | 1 | 8 | 14 | 15 | 45 | 0.595 | 35 | |
| 22 | Accrington Stanley | 46 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 30 | 34 | 4 | 4 | 15 | 31 | 58 | 0.663 | 32 | |
| 23 | Darlington | 46 | 10 | 5 | 8 | 39 | 34 | 1 | 4 | 18 | 25 | 69 | 0.621 | 31 | Re-elected |
# Hemipsocidae

Hemipsocidae is an insect family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the infraorder Psocetae. Members of the family have the areola postica joined to the M vein by a crossvein, and their M vein is two-branched. This family comprises twenty-four species in three genera: Anopistoscena, Hemipsocus, and Metahemipsocus. They are commonly known as leaf litter barklice.