OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Crown Hill Cemetery (disambiguation)

Crown Hill Cemetery is a cemetery in Indianapolis, Indiana.
Crown Hill Cemetery may also refer to:
* Crown Hill National Cemetery, a section of Crown Hill Cemetery in Indianapolis
* Crown Hill Cemetery, in Vermilion County, Illinois
# Crnopod

Crnopod is a village in Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the 1991 census, the village is located in the municipality of Ljubuški.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 180.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Croats | 179 | 99.4% |
| Serbs | 1 | 0.6% |
| Total | 180 | 100% |
# Crnugovići

Crnugovići is a village in the municipality of Priboj, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 93 people.
# Crupina vulgaris

Crupina vulgaris is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. Its common names include common crupina, bearded-creeper, false saw-wort, and starry scabious. It is native to parts of Europe, Asia, and North Africa, and it is known elsewhere as an introduced species and often a noxious weed.
This winter annual herb produces a slender stem reaching about 120 cm (4 feet) in height. The ridged stem has many branches, and is leafy below. The basal leaves are entire, toothed, or divided, and have rough-haired surfaces and bristly edges. They generally wither by flowering. Leaves higher on the stem are up to 3.5 centimeters long and are divided into narrow lobes with bristly edges. The slender flower head is about 1 or 2 centimeters long. It contains up to 5 florets, usually only one of which is fertile. It has a purple corolla. It yields one large fruit, a cypsela up to 1.6 centimeters long including its barrel-shaped body and its long, spreading pappus of brown or black bristles. It can weigh up to 36 milligrams. One average plant produces about 130 fruits.
The flower heads often fall off the plant after the seeds ripen, each containing one fruit, or occasionally two in heads that produced two fertile florets. The seeds fall out and are dispersed by the wind or on the feet of livestock; they can be dispersed greater distances when floating on water or when transported by rodents, birds, or humans, including on machinery and in contaminated shipments of hay or grain. The seeds can pass unscathed through the guts of most animals, except sheep. The cotyledons of the seedling have a bright purple red, or purplish red midvein and margins.
The plant can grow in a range of temperatures, moisture levels, and soil types, and in many types of habitat, including fields, pastures, grasslands, roadsides, railroads, and dump sites. It is not invasive in its native range, but in regions where it has naturalized, such as the rangelands of the western United States, it can negatively affect native flora through competition, reduce the quality of forage, and increase soil erosion. The plant can form wide stands in fields. It is unpalatable to most grazing animals, which avoid it and selectively consume other grasses and herbs, allowing the weed to survive and spread. Sheep and goats will consume the plant, but are not effective agents of eradication.
A number of natural enemies have been recorded, such as the mite Aceria balasi, which attacks the inflorescence, the moths Clytie illunaris, Metzneria aprilella, and Ornativalva plutelliformis, which feed on the seeds, and the weevil Styphlus penicillus, which feeds on the leaves. Ramularia crupinae, first described from the plant, is a pathogenic sac fungus that grows on its leaves. No agents of biological pest control have been established.
# Cruquius

Nicolaus Samuel Cruquius was a Dutch land-surveyor, cartographer, and land reclamation engineer.
Named in his honor are:
* Cruquius, Netherlands is a village in the Haarlemmermeer in the Netherlands.
* Museum De Cruquius - a former steam pumping station on the edge of the Haarlemmermeer, now made into a museum.
* Cruquiuseiland - an area of Amsterdam
# Crusader 101

The Crusader 101 was an electrically-operated toy car introduced in 1964 by Deluxe Reading of Elizabeth, New Jersey and produced through 1966. Intended for sale in discount and grocery stores, the Crusader 101 was easily among the largest and most detailed toy cars on the market.

## Description

The toy did not represent any specific car. The front featured stacked, forward-sweeping headlights and slightly pointed hood reminiscent of Pontiacs of the period while the inwardly dished grille and crossbar resembled those used on early 1960s Mercurys. The taillights strongly resembled those on 1948-1956 Cadillacs while the rear end and overall styling suggested the 1961 Lincoln Continental convertible rendered in molded red plastic. The highly detailed interior featured white bucket seats with black inserts both front and rear, matching door panels, black "carpeting" and a chrome-plated dashboard and console with legible gauges and radio dial resembling those in the Mercury Monterey. The chrome-plated windshield frame surrounded a green-tinted windshield and was topped by working sun visors.
The Crusader 101 had the additional benefit of size. It measured about three feet in length - or just under one meter - which allowed for some elaborate detail hitherto unseen in a toy car. The trunk had storage space for a spare tire, jack and lug wrench which could be used to actually change a wheel. Twin radio aerials on either rear fender could be raised or lowered by hand. Not only were the sun visors adjustable, the turn signal lever, steering wheel and gear selector could be moved as well. A male driver figure was included with the car - in a relaxed pose at the wheel and was just as detailed as the car itself. He was unpainted beige plastic. A remote control and battery holder shaped like an automatic transmission selector allowed the car to be "driven" per the promise on the box of "YOU DRIVE IT - YOU PARK IT."
Despite its size and level of detail unusual for a toy car, the Crusader 101 was, first and foremost, a toy. The front steering knuckles were prone to breaking, especially if one got a bit too eager with the lug wrench. Electrical problems were common usually manifesting themselves in failed steering control. The windshield frame often warped with age as did the body - though to a much lesser degree - while the vacuum-plated chrome plastic parts tended to turn black. Regardless of its problems, the Crusader 101 is one of the most collectible toy cars of the postwar era. Originally priced at around US$13, prime, mint-with-box examples can easily fetch upwards of $300. The Crusader 101's size has always made it particularly desirable to Barbie collectors since it is well-proportioned to the fashion doll and will easily seat four of them. Deluxe Reading manufactured a "Dream Kitchen" playset during that period that was scaled to Barbie and similar dolls. As such, the Crusader 101 was the subject of the cover story of the December, 2002 edition of Barbie Bazaar magazine.
# Cryptographic module

A cryptographic module is a component of a computer system that securely implements cryptographic algorithms, typically with some element of tamper resistance.
NIST defines a cryptographic module as "The set of hardware, software, and/or firmware that implements security functions (including cryptographic algorithms), holds plaintext keys and uses them for performing cryptographic operations, and is contained within a cryptographic module boundary."
Hardware security modules, including secure cryptoprocessors, are one way of implementing cryptographic modules.
Standards for cryptographic modules include FIPS 140-3 and ISO/IEC 19790.
# Crotalus mitchellii muertensis

    Common names: El Muerto Island speckled rattlesnake.
Crotalus mitchellii muertensis is a venomous pitviper subspecies endemic to El Muerto Island, Mexico. It is sometimes treated as a full species, Crotalus muertensis.

## Description

A dwarfed form, adults grow to a maximum length of 63.7 centimetres (25.1 in).

## Geographic range

Known only from the type locality, which is "El Muerto Island, Gulf of California, Mexico."

## Habitat

It is common in all habitats within the El Muerto Island: rocks and rubble of talus slopes, scrub, hill ridges, and the intertidal zone.

## Conservation status

This species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Species are listed as such due to their wide distribution, presumed large population, or because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.
# Crystal Gayle (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Crystal Gayle is the debut studio album by American country music artist Crystal Gayle, although she had previously recorded material which was not released until later. It was released on February 7, 1975. The album peaked at #25 on the Billboard Country Albums chart, and included three charting Hot Country Singles: "Wrong Road Again" at #6, "Beyond You" at #27, and "This Is My Year for Mexico" at #21.
Also included is her first rendition of "When I Dream," which would become a big hit three years later on the release of her 1978 album When I Dream. The recording of "Beyond You" is the same one that reappears on 1979's We Should Be Together. The song was later covered by Ava Barber, who included a version on her 1976 album Country as Grits. It was composed by Gayle and her then husband and manager, Bill Gatzimos.

## Personnel

* Crystal Gayle – vocals
* Jimmy Colvard - electric and rhythm guitar
* Allen Reynolds - rhythm guitar, backing vocals
* Lloyd Green - steel guitar, dobro
* Buddy Spicher - fiddle
* Joe Allen - bass
* Charles Cochrane - keyboards, string arrangements
* Bobby Wood - keyboards
* Jimmy Isbell, Kenny Malone - drums, percussion
* Garth Fundis - baritone horn, backing vocals, engineer

### Technical

* Lloyd Ziff - art direction
* Ria Lewerke - design
* Doug Metzler - photography
# Curlewis, New South Wales

Curlewis is a parish and a rural village on the Kamilaroi Highway, 16 kilometres south of Gunnedah, New South Wales in Australia. The village boundaries are in the Gunnedah Shire local government area of the North West Slopes portion of the New England region.

## History

Curlewis was founded by Henry Thomas Pike, a sawmiller from Norfolk who became the mayor of Gunnedah.
In 1909, the railway station opened as a stop on the Mungindi branch line, but has since closed. The station building was demolished in May 2013 after the roof was damaged by a storm earlier that year. Livestock sales commenced in 1919 in Curlewis and were, for many years, held in alternate weeks at Gunnedah and Curlewis until improvements to the Gunnedah saleyards, eclipsed Curlewis's yardings and led to the yard’s closure.
The lack of a nearby river has contributed to Curlewis having persistent water problems and water shortage. In 1950, the council had to de-silt an old earthen dam and erect a tank from which Curlewis residents could draw water. Reticulated water was connected to Curlewis in 1972.

## Population

In 2023 Curlewis had a resident population of 779 people, 52.8% male and 47.2% female. 26% of the population had Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander background, compared with 3.2% in Australia. The most common form of employment for residents was coal mining (10.5%).
Curlewis now has a hotel, a public school (with 89 pupils enrolled), a general store, grain silo, police station, sports ground,a Hall,Rural Fire Service,Sport and recreation centre,RV Park and a Bus Station.
The Curlewis area is home to a large koala population and they may be seen on local farms, in the woodlands and village.
# Curlewis

Curlewis may refer to :
* Curlewis, New South Wales, Australia, in the New England region
* Curlewis, Victoria, Australia, a suburb of Geelong
* 3898 Curlewis, a minor planet

## People with the surname Curlewis

* Adrian Curlewis (1901–1985), Australian judge, surfer, and sports administrator
* Jean Curlewis (1898–1930), Australian author
* Harold Curlewis (1875–1968), Australian astronomer
* Herbert Curlewis (1869–1942), Australian judge and writer
* John Stephen Curlewis (1863–1940), Chief Justice of the Union of South Africa
# Curlew Township, Morton County, North Dakota

Curlew Township is a former township in Morton County, North Dakota, United States. It was located near Glen Ullin, North Dakota.

## History

Curlew Township was established in 1923 in survey township T139 North, R88 West, which was then part of the larger Classen Township. The township showed a population of 213 during the 1930 Census, but slowly reduced in size as parts of the township were annexed by Glen Ullin. The township was dissolved in 1981 with a population of 96.
Curlew was the name given to a loading station along the Northern Pacific Railroad near Almont, North Dakota in 1879. Little development took place at that site, but the name is shared by many other features in the area. Curlew Creek, now known as Big Muddy Creek, and Curlew Valley were so named due to the long-billed curlews that frequented the area. Curlew Valley's northwestern was located in Curlew Township. Other sources say the source of the name comes from a Captain Curlew, who was killed by Indians in the area.
# CyA

CYA or CyA can refer to:
* CyA, a South Korean musician now known by his birth name Giuk
* Cyclosporin A, a chemical compound
* Czapek yeast agar, a cell culture medium
* Cover your ass, a defensive practice against legal penalties or criticism
# Cycling at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Men's individual pursuit C3

The Men's Individual Pursuit C3 track cycling event at the 2012 Summer Paralympics took place on 31 August at London Velopark. The race distance was 3 km.

## Preliminaries

Q = Qualifier PR = Paralympic Record WR = World Record
| Rank | Name | Country | Time |
| 1 | Joseph Berenyi | United States | 3:36.148 Q WR |
| 2 | Shaun McKeown | Great Britain | 3:36.427 Q |
| 3 | David Nicholas | Australia | 3:36.757 Q |
| 4 | Darren Kenny | Great Britain | 3:37.977 Q |
| 5 | Alexsey Obydennov | Russia | 3:43.244 |
| 6 | Juan Emilio Gutierrez Berenguel | Spain | 3:44.303 |
| 7 | Enda Smyth | Ireland | 3:47.542 |
| 8 | Nathan Smith | New Zealand | 3:48.555 |
| 9 | Masaki Fujita | Japan | 3:51.743 |
| 10 | Kris Bosmans | Belgium | 3:52.453 |
| 11 | Jin Yong Sik | South Korea | 3:57.694 |
| 12 | Steffen Warias | Germany | 3:58.919 |

## Finals
### Gold medal match

| Name | Time | Rank |
| Joseph Berenyi (USA) | 3:37.912 | |
| Shaun McKeown (GBR) | 3:38.637 | |

### Bronze medal match

| Name | Time | Rank |
| Darren Kenny (GBR) | 3:35.257 WR | |
| David Nicholas (AUS) | 3:38.800 | 4 |
# Cydia pactolana

Cydia pactolana, the spruce bark tortrix, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in central, northern and eastern Europe as well as Siberia. In Japan, the subspecies Cydia pactolana yasudai is present.
The wingspan is 13–14 mm. Adults are on wing from May to June in one generation depending on the location.
The larvae feed on Picea abies, Picea pungens, Picea sitchensis and Larix species. Cydia pactolana yasudai feeds on Abies sachalinensis.
In Finland, spruce bark tortrix was found to cause damage to Picea abies in association with the fungal pathogen Neonectria fuckeliana.

## Subspecies

* Cydia pactolana pactolana
* Cydia pactolana yasudai (Japan)
# Cydia montana

Cydia montana is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It was first described by Lord Walsingham in 1907. It is endemic to the island of Hawaii.
The larvae feed on Acacia koa.
# Cydia anaranjada

Cydia anaranjada, the slash pine seedworm moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in southeastern North America.
# Cuboid fracture

A cuboid fracture is a fracture of the cuboid bone of the foot. Diagnosis is by X-ray imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, or bone scan. Treatment may be conservative or involve surgery, depending on the type of fracture. They are rare.
If the cuboid bone is broken, then it is common for other bones in the foot to be broken or dislocated as well. Cuboid fractures are associated with Lisfranc injuries.
# Cuboid (computer vision)

In computer vision, the term cuboid is used to describe a small spatiotemporal volume extracted for purposes of behavior recognition. The cuboid is regarded as a basic geometric primitive type and is used to depict three-dimensional objects within a three dimensional representation of a flat, two dimensional image.

## Production

Cuboids can be produced from both two-dimensional and three-dimensional images.
One method used to produce cuboids utilizes scene understanding (SUN) primitive databases, which are collections of pictures that already contain cuboids. By sorting through SUN primitive databases with machine learning tools, computers observe the conditions in which cuboids are produced in images from SUN primitive databases and can learn to produce cuboids from other images.
RGB-D images, which are RGB images that also record the depth of each pixel, are occasionally used to produce cuboids because computers no longer need to determine the depth of an object, as they typically do because depth is already recorded.
Cuboid production is sensitive to changes in color and illumination, blockage, and background clutter. This means that it is difficult for computers to produce cuboids of objects that are multicolored, irregularly illuminated, or partially covered, or if there are many objects in the background. This is partially due to the fact that algorithms for producing cuboids are still relatively simple.

## Usage

Cuboids are created for point cloud-based three-dimensional maps and can be utilized in various situations such as augmented reality, the automated control of cars, drones, and robots, and object detection.
Cuboids allow for software to identify a scene through geometric descriptions in an “object-agnostic” fashion.
Interest points, locations within images that are identified by a computer as essential to identifying the image, created from two-dimensional images can be used with cuboids for image matching, identifying a room or scene, and instance recognition. Interest points created from three dimensional images can be used with cuboids to recognize activities. This is possible because interest points aid software to focus on only the most important aspects of the images.
RGB-D images and SLAM systems are used together in RGB-D SLAM systems, which are employed by Computer-aided design systems to generate point cloud-based three-dimensional maps.
Most industrial multi-axis machining tools use computer-aided manufacturing and subsequently work in cuboid work spaces.
# Cynaeda globuliferalis

Cynaeda globuliferalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1916. It is found in Kenya.
# Cyperus psammophilus

Cyperus psammophilus is a species of sedge that is endemic to Madagascar.
The species was first formally described by the botanist Henri Chermezon in 1920.
# Cyril James Stubblefield

Sir (Cyril) James Stubblefield FRS (1901–1999) was a British geologist. Stubblefield was president of the Geological Society of London from 1958 to 1960 and was director of the Geological Survey of Great Britain from 1960 until 1966.

## Early life

Stubblefield was born in Cambridge, the only son of a gardener and his wife. He gained a scholarship to The Perse School, Cambridge.

## Education

After work as a junior factory chemist, Stubblefield moved to London to continue his education in evening classes at the South-Western Polytechnic (later Chelsea College). He gained a scholarship to Imperial College, London, where he gained an ARCS and BSc in geology in 1923, with first class honours. Stubblefield was a member of the Links Club of the City and Guilds College whilst at Imperial College.

## Career

In 1923, Stubblefield was appointed demonstrator in geology at Imperial and began research into the early Palaeozoic rocks of Shropshire, in parallel with Oliver Bulman. His work was supported by the Daniel Pidgeon fund of the Geological Society, and he gained his PhD in 1925. In 1929 he published the Handbook of the Geology of Great Britain with J. W. Evans.
In 1928 Stubblefield joined the palaeontology department of the Geological Survey, at the Museum of Practical Geology. Here he worked on the Lower Palaeozoic fossils of Shrewsbury, the Carboniferous of the coalfields of south Wales, Kent, and Cumbria.
Stubblefield became chief palaeontologist of the survey in 1947, assistant director in 1953 and director in 1960. As director, Stubblefield oversaw the reorganisation of the British and Overseas surveys, and the Museum of Practical Geology into the Institute of Geological Sciences. He retired in 1966.

## Honours

Stubblefield was secretary of the Palaeontographical Society from 1934 to 1948, and subsequently president and compiler of the trilobite section of Zoological Record. He was president of the Geological Society (1958–60), receiving the Murchison Fund, the Bigsby medal (1945), and the Murchison Medal (1951). He received his London DSc in 1942, and was elected Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1944. Stubblefield was knighted in the 1965 New Year Honours. He was president of the Sixth International Congress of Carboniferous Geology and Stratigraphy in 1967, and president of the Palaeontographical Society from 1966 to 1970. A trilobite genus, Stubblefieldia, was named in his honour, as were many other species.

## Private life

Stubblefield married Muriel Yakchee in 1932. They had two sons Rodney and Peter. He died in 1999 and was cremated in Ruislip.
# Cytomegalovirus papiinebeta4

Cytomegalovirus papiinebeta4, formerly Papiine betaherpesvirus 4 (PaHV-4), is a species of virus in the genus Cytomegalovirus, subfamily Betaherpesvirinae, family Herpesviridae, and order Herpesvirales.
# Cyrtodactylus brevipalmatus

Cyrtodactylus brevipalmatus, also known commonly as the Kampuchea bow-fingered gecko or the short-hand forest gecko, is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to Thailand.

## Geographic range

C. brevipalmatus is known from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Phetchaburi Province, and Phuket Province, Thailand.

## Reproduction

C. brevipalmatus is oviparous.
# Cyrtodactylus buchardi

Cyrtodactylus buchardi is a species of gecko, a lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to Laos.

## Geographic range

C. buchardi is found in southern Laos, in Champasak Province.

## Etymology

The specific name, buchardi, is in honor of French businessman Michel Buchard for his longtime financial support of herpetology.

## Description

C. buchardi has a more slender body than other Cyrtodactylus, a barely visible lateral fold, a slender but short tail, only 12 subdigital lamellae beneath its 4th toe, and 25 rows of tuberculate dorsal scales. It also has no precloacal groove, three series of enlarged precloacal scales, no enlarged femoral scales, no distinctly enlarged subcaudal scales, 13-14 supralabials, a dorsal pattern made of five transversal series of irregular blotches, and a nuchal collar not reaching the posterior margin of the eyes.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of C. buchardi is forest, at altitudes of 90–300 m (300–980 ft).

## Reproduction

C. buchardi is oviparous.
# Cumali (Turkish name)

Cumali (and its variant Cumalı) is a masculine given name and a surname. People with the name include:

## Given name

* Cumali Bişi (born 1993), Turkish footballer

## Surname

* Necati Cumalı (1921–2001), Turkish writer
# Ilum

Ilum can refer to:
* Ilah, as a form of the Akkadian word for "god"
* Ilum (Star Wars), a fictional planet in the Star Wars franchise
# Liu Hulan (opera)

Liu Hulan (刘胡兰) is a 1954 Chinese-language western-style opera by Chen Zi. It is based on the death of a 14-year-old communist party girl Liu Hulan, who was elevated into a revolutionary martyr. Part of the original opera was composed in 1949, only 2 years after her death, and revised into a full-scale opera in 1954. Several other composers such as Ge Guangrui also contributed to Chen's opera. A similar opera based on another revolutionary martyr is Sister Jiang.