OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gampel-Bratsch

Gampel-Bratsch is a municipality in the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It was formed on January 1, 2009. The voters of the municipalities of Gampel and Bratsch decided to merge on January 20, 2008.

## History

Bratsch is first mentioned in 1228 and 1242 as Praes. In 1309 it was mentioned as Prahcs, in 1322 as Praes, in 1357 as Prayes, in 1408 as Prages and in 1532 as Bratsch. Gampel is first mentioned in 1238 as Champilz.

## Geography

Gampel-Bratsch has an area, as of 2011, of 23.1 square kilometers (8.9 sq mi). Of this area, 30.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 38.0% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 3.5% is settled (buildings or roads) and 28.0% is unproductive land.

## Demographics

Gampel-Bratsch has a population (as of December 2020) of 1,997. As of 2008, 10.7% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of -1.5%. It has changed at a rate of 1.4% due to migration and at a rate of 0.3% due to births and deaths.
Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (93.4%) as their first language, Albanian is the second most common (1.9%) and Serbo-Croatian is the third (1.4%).
As of 2008, the gender distribution of the population was 49.6% male and 50.4% female. The population was made up of 810 Swiss men (43.6% of the population) and 111 (6.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 850 Swiss women (45.7%) and 87 (4.7%) non-Swiss women.
The age distribution of the population (as of 2000) is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 24.1% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 60.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 15.2%.
As of 2009, the construction rate of new housing units was 3.8 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010, was 0.29%.

## Historic Population

The historical population is given in the following chart:

## Economy

As of 2010, Gampel-Bratsch had an unemployment rate of 1.9%. As of 2008, there were 91 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 41 businesses involved in this sector. 210 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 23 businesses in this sector. 271 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 69 businesses in this sector. There were residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity. In 2000, there were workers who commuted away from the municipality.
Of the working population, 22.7% used public transportation to get to work, and 49.9% used a private car.
# Neptis sextilla

Neptis sextilla is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.

## Taxonomy

The type location is Madagascar, but this is possibly a false locality. The type is possibly lost and the description suggests that although it may well have been recorded from Madagascar, it is either an aberration or a hybrid between Neptis kikideli and Neptis saclava. It may also be a re-description of one of the agatha species group species from the African mainland.
# 2013 Big Easy Tour

The 2013 Big Easy Tour was the third season of the Big Easy Tour, the official development tour to the Sunshine Tour.

## Schedule

The following table lists official events during the 2013 season.
| Date | Tournament | Location | Purse (R) | Winner |
| 10 Apr | Roodepoort CC | Gauteng | 100,000 | Dylan Frittelli (1) |
| 24 Apr | Observatory GC | Gauteng | 100,000 | Micky Hough (1) |
| 8 May | Centurion CC | Gauteng | 100,000 | Toto Thimba Jr. (2) |
| 24 May | Kempton Park GC | Gauteng | 100,000 | Jaco Prinsloo (1) |
| 7 Jun | Irene CC | Gauteng | 100,000 | Anton Haig (1) |
| 19 Jun | Wingate CC | Gauteng | 100,000 | Jeff Inglis (3) |
| 26 Jun | Houghton GC | Gauteng | 100,000 | Attie Schwartzel (1) |
| 10 Jul | Benoni CC | Gauteng | 100,000 | Kevin Stone (1) |
| 24 Jul | Royal J & K | Gauteng | 100,000 | Morne Buys (2) |
| 14 Aug | The Els Club | Gauteng | 100,000 | Jacques Kruyswijk (1) |
| 23 Aug | ERPM GC | Gauteng | 100,000 | Dean O'Riley (2) |
| 25 Oct | Big Easy Tour Championship | Gauteng | 250,000 | Divan Gerber (2) |

## Order of Merit

The Order of Merit was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in South African rand. The top five players on the Order of Merit earned status to play on the 2014 Sunshine Tour.
| Position | Player | Prize money (R) |
| 1 | Divan Gerber | 60,695 |
| 2 | Attie Schwartzel | 57,255 |
| 3 | Francois Coetzee | 49,202 |
| 4 | Jacques Kruyswijk | 43,233 |
| 5 | Dean O'Riley | 37,880 |
# Jamil Azzaoui

Jamil Azzaoui (in Arabic جميل عزاوي), also known mononymously as Jamil (born 17 May 1961) is a Canadian humorous artist / comedian, musician (guitarist) and an artist agent of Moroccan origin living in Montreal and well known in France and the francophone countries.
Being born to a Muslim Moroccan father and a Québécoise Catholic mother, he lived his childhood in various countries including Egypt, France where he studied at École royale militaire de Sorèze, and Morocco, he returned to Canada and studied at Promédia, an arts school in Montreal.
After graduation, in 1981 he became a morning radio personality at CIBL-FM and later on CINQ-FM Radio Centre-Ville. In 1985, he married Catherine Karnas. Catherine, a singer, was promoted by her husband. They were divorced later. He became an agent for many artists through his company "Pépé Inc".
He also has his own series of recordings. His album Pitié pour les femmes was a big success. The follow-up Pitie pour les bums was a similar success. His song "Un signe de toi" featured in the hit parades of several stations including Rythme FM. Other humorous songs followed including "Pitié pour les femmes", "Fuck, faut qu'tu changes", "C'est pas moi ça".
In 2005, he made 100 appearances in 18 months throughout Quebec and a concert in Les FrancoFolies de Montréal and at the Lion d'or also in Montréal. In 2008, he had a show "Pitié pour les femmes" at the Olympia theatre of Montreal, He has also collaborated with many artists for various joint recordings.
He was the Green Party of Canada candidate in Laurier—Sainte-Marie for the 2019 Canadian federal election.

## Discography

* 1996: Pépé Inc. Greatest Hits
* 2004: Pitié pour les femmes
* 2005: Pitié pour les bums!
* 2006: Je dure... Très, très dur...
* 2009: À bas les roses!!!

## Awards and nominations

* Nominated for "Album of the Year (Humour)" and "Show of the Year (Humour)" at the ADISQ Annual Gala in 2009

## Electoral record

vte2019 Canadian federal election: Laurier—Sainte-Marie :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures |
| | Liberal | Steven Guilbeault | 22,306 | 41.77 | +18.11 | $84,747.37 |
| | New Democratic | Nimâ Machouf | 13,453 | 25.19 | -13.08 | |
| | Bloc Québécois | Michel Duchesne | 12,188 | 22.82 | -5.89 | $25,536.85 |
| | Green | Jamil Azzaoui | 3,225 | 6.04 | +2.56 | |
| | Conservative | Lise des Greniers | 1,504 | 2.82 | -1.28 | |
| | People's | Christine Bui | 320 | 0.6 | – | |
| | Rhinoceros | Archie Morals | 208 | 0.39 | – | |
| | Marxist–Leninist | Serge Lachapelle | 98 | 0.18 | -0.01 | |
| | Communist | Adrien Welsh | 67 | 0.13 | -0.06 | $867.96 |
| | Independent | Dimitri Mourkes | 42 | 0.08 | – | |
| Total valid votes/expense limit | Total valid votes/expense limit | Total valid votes/expense limit | 53,409 | 100.0 |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | 551 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 53,960 | 65.4 |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | 82,524 |
| | Liberal gain from New Democratic | Liberal gain from New Democratic | Swing | Swing | +15.60 |
| Source: Elections Canada |||||||
# Gymnosphaera capensis

Gymnosphaera capensis, synonyms Alsophila capensis and Cyathea capensis, (known as the "forest tree fern") is a regionally widespread and highly variable species of tree fern. It is indigenous to Southern Africa (subsp. capensis) and South America (subsp. polypodioides).

## Description

Both subspecies of Gymnosphaera capensis have a slender, erect trunk that is up to 4.5 metres (15 ft) tall (occasionally even 6 metres (20 ft)) and about 15 cm in diameter.
The fronds are tripinnate, born on long stipes (stalks), and 2–3 m in length. The main stem of the leaf (rachis) is smooth to slightly warty and covered in scales that range from tan to brown or dark brown. The frond stalks are covered with dark brown or black scales.
The smallest leaflets (pinnae) have toothed (serrated) margins. The lowest pinnae may be separated from the others along the rachis and form a clump around the crown, similar to the "wig" of Gymnosphaera baileyana. This moss-like tuft of tiny, reduced leaves is distinctive for Gymnosphaera capensis, and can be used to identify this species across its range.
The sori occur in two rows, one along each side of the pinnule midvein, and are covered by scale-like indusia.

## Distribution

This fern is the only member of the family Cyatheaceae native to both Africa and the Americas. The species is divided into two subspecies:
* Gymnosphaera capensis ssp. capensis is native to the Old World tropics in Africa. It is found in Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Eswatini (Swaziland), Zimbabwe, and South Africa (from the Western Cape province to KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga). It grows in cool, shady, moist forest, beside rivers and waterfalls. It is found at elevations of 360–1,820 metres (1,180–5,970 ft). The specific epithet capensis refers to the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa, where the type specimen was collected.
* Gymnosphaera capensis subsp. polypodioides is native to the New World tropics in South America. It is endemic to southeastern Brazil in montane Atlantic Forest habitats, at elevations of 900–2,000 metres (3,000–6,600 ft).

## Cultivation

Gymnosphaera capensis is cultivated as an ornamental plant. It is relatively easy to grow if provided with a semi-shady, moist and sheltered environment, and can likely tolerate several degrees of frost.
# Lost Eden, Arizona

Lost Eden is a populated place situated in Coconino County, Arizona, United States. It has an estimated elevation of 6,713 feet (2,046 m) above sea level.
# Manley Kemp

Manley Colchester Kemp (7 September 1861 – 30 June 1951) was an English schoolmaster and sportsman, known particularly for a first-class cricket career that extended from 1880 to 1895.

## Life

He was born at Forest Hill, London, one of the four sons of Charles Fitch Kemp (died 1907), a leading chartered accountant. Two of his brothers, Charles and Arthur, also played first-class cricket for Kent, and Charles played for Oxford University too. The youngest son, Harold Fitch Kemp, played for the Harrow School XI, as did all the brothers. He followed his father in becoming President of the Institute of Chartered Accountants.
At Harrow School, Kemp was captain of the cricket team and also won the public schools rackets championship in both 1879 and 1880. At Oxford University, he matriculated in 1880 and was a scholar at Hertford College.
Kemp won Blues at Oxford for rackets and for soccer as well as playing for the Oxford cricket team in the University Match in each of his four seasons at the university. He then became a schoolmaster at Winchester College for three years from 1885, before returning to Harrow as a master, where he remained involved with school sports, particularly cricket, up to the end of his life, though he retired from teaching in 1921.

## Cricketer

Kemp had already appeared in first-class cricket before he went to Oxford, being picked for a "Gentlemen of the South" side in 1879 and for Kent and a Gentlemen of Kent team in 1880. He was a right-handed batsman who usually played in the middle order and a wicketkeeper, though he did not always keep wicket when he played for Kent.
As a batsman, Kemp's figures appear unimpressive to modern eyes, but he produced occasional innings of brilliance. As captain of the Oxford University team in both 1883 and 1884, he led the 1884 side to an unexpected victory over the full Australian touring team, making an unbeaten 63 out of an unbroken fourth-wicket partnership of 76. After leaving Oxford University, his first-class cricket was confined largely to the August school holidays, though he played almost a whole season in 1886; in that year, he made his highest score and only century, an innings of 175 for the Gentlemen of England cricket team against Cambridge University, made out of a total of 298 after the first six wickets had been lost for just 21 runs. He played in the Gentlemen v Players matches from 1883 to 1885. He did not appear in first-class cricket after 1895.

## Death

Kemp died at Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, on 30 June 1951.
# Nevruz, Yenice

Nevruz is a village in the Yenice District of Çanakkale Province in Turkey. Its population is 291 (2021).
# Jan Krejčí (chess player)

Jan Krejčí (born 27 September 1992) is a Czech chess grandmaster.

## Chess career

Born in 1992, Krejčí earned his international master title in 2009 and his grandmaster title in 2011. He won the Pardubice Open in 2017. He is the No. 5 ranked Czech player as of September 2018.
# 1932 South Georgia Teachers Blue Tide football team

The 1932 South Georgia Teachers Blue Tide football team represented the South Georgia Teachers College—now known as Georgia Southern University—during the 1932 college football season. The team was led by Crook Smith in his fourth year as head coach.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 7 | at Gordon (GA) | Barnesville, GA | W 19–0 |
| October 21 | Norman JC | Statesboro, GA | W 8–0 |
| October 28 | at Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College | Tifton, GA | W 27–0 |
| | Georgia Military College | Statesboro, GA | L 6–27 |
| November 5 | at Rollins | Tinker FieldOrlando, FL | L 0–12 |
| November 11 | Piedmont | Statesboro, GA | W 33–12 |
| | Middle Georgia College | Statesboro, GA | W 26–0 |
| November 24 | Brewton–Parker | Statesboro, GA | W 18–6 |
# 1988–89 Serie A (ice hockey) season

The 1988–89 Serie A season was the 55th season of the Serie A, the top level of ice hockey in Italy. 10 teams participated in the league, and AS Varese Hockey won the championship by defeating HC Fassa in the final.

## First round

| | Club | GP | W | T | L | GF–GA | Pts |
| 1. | AS Varese Hockey | 36 | 25 | 7 | 4 | 191:110 | 57 |
| 2. | HC Bozen | 36 | 22 | 5 | 9 | 175:126 | 49 |
| 3. | Asiago Hockey | 36 | 18 | 6 | 12 | 220:169 | 42 |
| 4. | HC Fassa | 36 | 17 | 3 | 16 | 147:151 | 37 |
| 5. | HC Milan | 36 | 16 | 5 | 15 | 169:149 | 37 |
| 6. | HC Alleghe | 36 | 15 | 6 | 15 | 170:186 | 36 |
| 7. | HC Brunico | 36 | 13 | 5 | 18 | 154:179 | 31 |
| 8. | HC Meran | 36 | 11 | 7 | 18 | 162:225 | 29 |
| 9. | HC Fiemme Cavalese | 36 | 12 | 2 | 22 | 166:201 | 26 |
| 10. | SG Cortina | 36 | 5 | 6 | 25 | 130:188 | 16 |

## Final round
### Group A

| | Club | GP | W | T | L | GF–GA | Pts (Bonus) |
| 1. | AS Varese Hockey | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 37:15 | 20(8) |
| 2. | HC Fassa | 6 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 28:20 | 11(5) |
| 3. | HC Milan | 6 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 33:26 | 10(4) |
| 4. | HC Meran | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 28:65 | 1(1) |

### Group B

| | Club | GP | W | T | L | GF–GA | Pts (Bonus) |
| 1. | Asiago Hockey | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 36:23 | 17(6) |
| 2. | HC Bozen | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 40:28 | 14(7) |
| 3. | HC Brunico | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 26:38 | 6(2) |
| 4. | HC Alleghe | 6 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 23:36 | 5(3) |

## Playoffs
### Semifinals

* AS Varese Hockey - HC Bozen 2:0 (3:2, 7:3)
* Asiago Hockey - HC Fassa 1:2 (8:7, 3:4 OT, 2:8)

### Final

* AS Varese Hockey - HC Fassa 3:0 (2:1 OT, 6:0, 4:2)
# Sutro

Sutro is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Abraham Sutro [de] (1784–1869), German rabbi in Gelsenkirchen
* Adolph Sutro (1830–1898), Mayor of San Francisco
* Florence Sutro (1865–1906), musician and painter, sister-in-law of Adolph and Otto Sutro
* Otto Sutro (1833–1896), Adolph's brother, a musician of Baltimore
* Alfred Sutro (1863–1933), British playwright
* Rose and Ottilie Sutro (1870–1957 and 1872–1970), daughters of Otto, one of the first piano duo teams
* John Sutro (1903–1985), British film producer
* John Sutro (American football) (born 1940)
# Henry Halliday Sparling

Henry Halliday Sparling (1860 – 9 September 1924) was a British journalist and socialist activist.
Sparling became a socialist in 1878, and soon began lecturing on the topic. He began writing for Progress in 1884, and joined the Socialist League, serving on its executive, including a stint as secretary, and assisting William Morris with editing Commonweal from 1885 to 1890. He was married to Morris’ daughter May between 1890 and 1898, when they were divorced.
Sparling disassociated himself from the Socialist League along with Morris, as it became dominated by anarchists, and instead found work as a sub-editor for the People's Press, moving to the Worker's Cry in 1891. That year, he joined the Fabian Society, and served on its executive from 1892 until 1894, during this period also writing the "Fabian Notes" column for the Workman's Times. In this period, he was also secretary to William Morris' Kelmscott Press, for whom he corrected Caxton's text of The History of Godefrey of Boloyne and of the Conquest of Iherusalem for the press.
In 1894, Sparling moved to Paris as a correspondent for the Weekly Times and Echo and also the Clarion, returning to London in 1910. He later moved to California, then returned to Paris in the early 1920s. In 1924, his book The Kelmscott Press and William Morris was published, and he died later in the year.
Party political offices :
| Preceded byJohn Lincoln Mahon | Secretary of the Socialist League 1885–1886 | Succeeded byHenry Alfred Barker |
# Laser 2

The Laser 2, or Laser II, is a sailboat that was designed by New Zealander Frank Bethwaite and Canadian Ian Bruce as a one-design racer and first built in 1978.

## Production

The design was built by Bruce's company, Performance Sailcraft, in Canada and also by Vanguard Sailboats in the United States. Production ran from 1978 until 1987, with 8,200 boats completed, but it is now out of production. In 2007 Performance Sailcraft and Vanguard were merged to form LaserPerformance.

## Design

The Laser 2 is a sailing dinghy, built predominantly of fibreglass. It has a fractional sloop rig, a raked stem, a plumb transom, a transom-hung rudder controlled by a tiller with an extension and a retractable daggerboard. It displaces 170 lb (77 kg). The crew can make use of a single trapeze.
The boat has a draft of 3.50 ft (1.07 m) with the daggerboard extended and 4 in (10 cm) with it retracted, allowing operation in shallow water, beaching or ground transportation on a trailer.
For sailing downwind the design may be equipped with a symmetrical spinnaker.
The design has a US Portsmouth Yardstick D-PN handicap of 92.8 and a UK RYA-PN of 1035.

## Variants

The basic Laser 2 was produced in a number of variants, including the Laser II Fun, Laser II Regatta and the Laser Fun New Wave, which was equipped with an asymmetrical spinnaker. All were out of production by 1990.

## Operational history

The boat was at one time a World Sailing international class, but its status has been revoked.
In a February 1980 review John Turnbull in Canadian Yachting wrote of the Laser 2, "Frank Bethwaite, the unclaimed maestro of high-powered dinghy design, and Ian Bruce, the designer / promoter of Performance Sailcraft, may have come up with the only boat that could live up to the expectations created by the Laser. It doesn't bring anything startlingly new to sailboat design except perhaps the idea that a mass-market boat should be fast and challenging."
# Nerur, Maharashtra

Nerur is a town of Kudal Taluka of Sindhudurg district (Sindhudurga in native Malvani language) of Maharashtra in India. It is one of the smaller towns in the district having 32 wadis. The Malvani dialect of Konkani is spoken here. Nerur is becoming an attraction amongst Indian and foreign tourists from Mumbai and Goa.

## Etymology

The name Nerur said to be derived from conjunction of two Dravidian words Neer (means Water) and Oor (Means village in Dravidian languages) literally means "Village of Waters", some suggested that it could be from Nera (Time in Tamil) and Oor, but proximity of this place with Kannada speaking region suggests the former is more suitable.

## Geography

Nerur is 7 km (4.3 mi) western side of Kudal and 480 km (300 mi) from Mumbai near the southern west coast of India, It is situated on the banks of Karli River bordering Malvan

## Vasundhara Science Center

Founded in 1995 as public charitable trust, situated on Kudal-Malvan Road near Nerurpar. This was founded by Mr. C. B. Naik an ex-Bank of India officer. Mission of this foundation is to provide scientific knowledge in remote villages. Vasundhara has organized "Science on Wheels" to reach aspiring students of remote villages in Maharashtra. Nearly 1200 students from 90 villages have benefited from this initiative.

## Nerurpar

Nerurpar is the westernmost part of Nerur village, it is situated on the banks of Karli river and famous for its scenery and backwaters.

## Temples

There are many temples in the town. Some of them are :
* Shree Kaleshwara Mandira,
* Shri Gawadoba
* Bhootnath Ravalnath.
* Shree Kothari Brahmana Mandira
The temple of Shree Deva Kaleshwara is also located in the area. During Shivaratri, a big jatra is held.

## Culture

Nerur is known for its Dashavatara play. The Dashavatara artist Mahadev Ramachandra (aka Babi Kalingan) was born in this village and he made Dashavatara Natya as one of the famous art form in Konkan. In 1994 he was honored by Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Natya Parishad for his contribution in Dashavatara Natya. Khele (खेळे in Malvani) is one of the famous art which takes place in Shimgotsava (or Holi) every year.

## Communities

The most common surnames of the people in the village include Naik, Nerurkar, Gawade, Raut, Rege, Parab, Fernandes and Prabhu. Chavhata, Jakat Naka and Nerurpar river areas are well populated.

## Distance

Nerur is just 6 km away from Kudal railway station, 9 km away from Mumbai Goa highway. The domestic Chipi airport is 14 km away and it is one hour 20 minutes drive away from Calangute Beach Goa.
Nerur is a famous place in kudal, maharashtra
# Our Global Neighborhood

Our Global Neighborhood is the report of the Commission on Global Governance, issued in 1995, advancing the view that nations are interdependent and calling for a strengthened United Nations. It was vigorously criticized by The New American magazine, John Birch Society, and other advocates of national sovereignty. In Toward Genuine Global Governance: Critical Reactions to "Our Global Neighborhood", Harris, Errol E. and Yunker, James A. assembled a set of nine essays by world federalists expressing their disappointment in the report.
# Jan Beneš (rower)

Jan Beneš (born 9 October 1971) is a Czech rower. He competed in the men's eight event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Neopentylamine

Neopentylamine is an organic compound with the molecular formula (CH$_3$)$_3$CCH$_2$NH$_2$. It is a colorless liquid. The molecule is the primary amine derivative of neopentane, (CH$_3$)$_4$C.
Like most alkyl amines, it degrades slowly in air.

## Synthesis

Neopentylamine is prepared by the reaction of neopentyl alcohol with ammonia in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst.

## Use

It is a common building block. For example, some experimental drugs incorporate this amine.