OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Conservatism: A Rediscovery

Conservatism: A Rediscovery is a 2022 book by Israeli political philosopher Yoram Hazony. It outlines his philosophy of national conservatism by examining its history, legal tradition, and philosophical commitments. He outlines the history of a distinctive Anglo-American tradition of political conservatism which he argues should be restored and renewed in order to meet the challenges of the current age.

## Overview

Hazony traces the history of what he calls ‘Anglo-American Conservatism’ from the jurisprudence of English judge John Fortescue to Richard Hooker, Edward Coke, John Selden, and Edmund Burke through to many of the leaders of the American Revolution, particularly George Washington, John Jay, Gouverneur Morris, John Adams, and Alexander Hamilton.
According to Hazony,
   "The Anglo-American tradition is rooted in the ideal of a free and just national state, whose origin is in the Hebrew Bible. This ideal includes a conception of the nation as arising out of diverse tribes, its unity anchored in a common traditional language, law, and religion."
He critiques liberalism, arguing that
   "To the extent that Anglo-American conservatism has become confused with liberalism, it has, for just this reason, become incapable of conserving anything at all. Indeed, in our day conservatives have largely become bystanders, gaping in astonishment as the consuming fire of cultural revolution destroys everything in its path."
In place of liberalism, Hazony argues for the centrality of societal hierarchies, loyalty, honor, and the conservation and renewal of traditional institutions such as the traditional family and public religion. Hazony argues that an alternative political paradigm to the liberal one is offered by conservatism, which he summarises in the following way:
* Men are born into families, tribes, and nations to which they are bound by ties of mutual loyalty.
* Individuals, families, tribes, and nations compete for honor, importance, and influence, until a threat or a common endeavor recalls them to the mutual loyalties that bind them to one another.
* Families, tribes, and nations are hierarchically structured, their members having importance and influence to the degree they are honored within the hierarchy.
* Language, religion, law, and the forms of government and economic activity are traditional institutions, developed by families, tribes, and nations as they seek to strengthen their material prosperity, internal integrity, and cultural heritage and to propagate themselves through future generations.
* Political obligation is a consequence of membership in families, tribes, and nations.
* These premises are derived empirically from experience, and they may be challenged and improved upon in light of experience.
# Confession (Bakunin)

Mikhail Bakunin's Confession is an 1851 autobiographical work written by the imprisoned anarchist for clemency from Russian Emperor Nicholas I.

## Background and contents

Mikhail Bakunin (1814–1876) was the leading anarchist revolutionary of the 19th century, active from the 1840s through the 1870s. In the 1840s, he moved from philosophical studies to revolutionary agitation. After participating in the 1848 Prague and 1849 Dresden uprisings, he was imprisoned, tried, sentenced to death, and extradited multiple times. Placed in solitary confinement in the Peter and Paul Fortress of St. Petersberg, Russia, in 1851, Bakunin wrote his Confession at the direction of Russian Emperor Nicholas I.
The Confession accounts for Bakunin's political activities throughout the 1840s, from his original departure from Russia to Berlin in 1840 through his arrest in 1849. The work is neither a capitulation nor an act of defiance, but a combination. Bakunin told Alexander Herzen it was a combination of fancy and truth.

## Publication

Nicholas I read the Confession carefully, marking the text with marginalia and sharing it with his son, the tsarevitch, Alexander II as "very interesting and instructive". The work was held but not forgotten in the political police's archives for seventy years. The government later circulated extracts from the Confession to embarrass and discredit Bakunin.
Its full publication in 1921 was controversial, as some read Bakunin as genuflecting for clemency while others defended his criticism of Russian bureaucracy and silence about co-conspirators. Originally written in Russian, the Confession has since been published in Czech, French, German, Italian, and Polish, and only received its first English-language publication in its 1977 translation by Robert C. Howes, published by Cornell University Press along with the emperor's annotations.

## Legacy

Historian of anarchism Paul Avrich wrote of the importance of Bakunin's Confession as both a psychological and historial document, showing the roots of Bakunin's pan-Slavicism, antipathy for parliamentary government, plans for a revolutionary society, and mental state as a prisoner. Avrich said the Confession is among Bakunin's most interesting writings highlighting both his personality and an insider's account of the revolutionary 1840s. Avrich added that the author's tone of contrition was a "necessary expedient if he was ever to regain his freedom".
Max Nettlau and Vera Figner both wrote responses to the Confession.
# Conorochite River

Conorochite River is a river of Venezuela. It is part of the Amazon River basin.
# Consistency Theory

Consistency Theory is the second and final studio album by Australian hip-hop group 1200 Techniques. Released on 9 January 2004, it sees the group moving away from the diverse influences of their first album, to a more straightforward, arguably commercial hip-hop sound. The album peaked at No. 38 on the ARIA Albums Chart.

## Track listing

* "Kem's Theme (Intro)"
* "B-boy Shit"
* "Eye of the Storm"
* "Knock Knock" (featuring Koolism)
* "Skit 01 - George da Gangsta"
* "The Word" (featuring Krondon)
* "Where Ur At"
* "Hot Syrup"
* "Looking Back 'Nothin but Love'" (featuring Motion Man)
* "Welcome Aboard - 1200 Techniquians"
* "Takin' You Back"
* "Feel the Music" (featuring Maya Jupiter)
* "Skit 02 - Robbo"
* "Haterade" (featuring Rodney P & Ken Hell)
* "Fork in the Road" (featuring Rashad Haughton)
* "Consistency Theory" (featuring Kristin)
* "U Can Make It"
* "Got 2 Survive"

### Limited Edition DVD

* "1200's Theme" (Live at The Big Day Out 2003)
* "Since I Got It" (Live at The Big Day Out 2003)
* "Can't Stop" (Live at The Big Day Out 2003)
* "Put 'Em Up" (Live at The Big Day Out 2003)
* "B-Boy Shit" (Live at The Big Day Out 2003)
* "Freestyle Jam" (Live at The Big Day Out 2003)
* "Karma" (Live at The Big Day Out 2003)
* "Hard As Hell" (Live at The Big Day Out 2003)
* "Battlemaster" (Live at The Big Day Out 2003)
* "Eye of the Storm" (Video Clip)

## Charts

| Chart (2004) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 38 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Edition(s) | Label | Catalogue |
| Australia | January 2004 | CD 2xLP | Standard | Rubber Records | RUB159.2 / RUBV159 |
| Australia | 2004 | CD+DVD | Limited Edition | Rubber Records | RUB159.5 |
# Constance Hunting

Constance Hunting (1925 – April 5, 2006) was an American poet and publisher, widely known in the Northeastern United States. She taught English literature and creative writing at the University of Maine at Orono until her death on April 5, 2006.
Hunting received her B.A. from Pembroke College in Brown University in 1947, studied at Duke University from 1950 to 1953, and then lived in West Lafayette, Indiana, home of Purdue University, until 1968. From that time, she lived in Orono, Maine, with her husband Robert, who was chair of the English department at UMO until his retirement.
Hunting trained as a classical pianist, but is best known for her work as a poet, and her promotion of other Maine writers through the Puckerbrush Review literary magazine, which she established in 1971. She was also the founder and editor of Puckerbrush Press, which, over the twenty-eight years of its existence, published a great variety of work by many writers, domestic and international, including May Sarton, James Kelman, Angelica Garnett, and other figures from the Bloomsbury Group.

## Works

* After the Stravinsky Concert and Other Poems (1969)
* Cimmerian and Other Poems (1972)
* Beyond the Summerhouse: A Narrative Poem (1976) ISBN 978-0913006108
* Nightwalk and Other Poems (1980) ISBN 978-0891010418
* Dream Cities (1982)
* Collected Poems 1969–1982 (1983) ISBN 978-0915032440
* A Day at the Shore: A Poem (1983)
* Between the Worlds: Poems 1983–1988 (1989) ISBN 978-0913006436
* Hawkedon (1990) ISBN 978-0913006450
* The Myth of Horizon (1991) ISBN 978-1559210447
* At Rochebonne: A Poem (1994)
* The Shape of Memory (1998) ISBN 978-0913006689
* Natural Things: Collected Poems 1969–1998 (1999) ISBN 978-0943373607
* An Amazement (2002)
* The Sky Flower (2005) ISBN 978-0913006825
Her papers are currently housed at the Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center at Boston University.
# Consort Zhang

Consort Zhang may refer to:
* Zhang Yan (empress) (died 163 BC), wife of Emperor Hui of Han
* Empress Zhang (Liu Shan's first wife) (died 237)
* Empress Zhang (Liu Shan's second wife) (died after 264)
* Empress Zhang (Cao Fang) (died after 254)
* Empress Dowager Zhang (Former Zhao) (died 313), concubine of Liu Yuan
* Zhang Huiguang (died 313), wife of Liu Cong
* Empress Zhang (Later Zhao) (died 349), wife of Shi Zun
* Honoured Lady Zhang (fl.370-396), concubine of Emperor Xiaowu of Jin
* Empress Zhang (Later Qin) (fl. 402), wife of Yao Xing
* Empress Dowager Zhang (Liu Song dynasty) (died 426), concubine of Liu Yu
* Empress Zhang (Liang dynasty) (died 552 or later), wife of Xiao Dong
* Zhang Yao'er (506–570), wife of Chen Baxian
* Empress Zhang (Tang dynasty) (died 762), wife of Emperor Suzong
* Empress Zhang (Later Liang) (died 913), wife of Zhu Yougui
* Consort Zhang (Zhu Zhen) (892–915)
* Empress Zhang (Wang Yanzheng's wife) (fl. 943)
* Consort Zhang (Renzong) (1024–1054), concubine of Emperor Renzong of Song
* Empress Zhang (Hongxi) (1379–1442)
* Empress Zhang (Hongzhi) (1471–1541)
* Empress Zhang (Jiajing) (died 1537)
* Empress Zhang (Tianqi) (1606–1644)
* Consort Qing (Xianfeng) (1840–1885), concubine of the Xianfeng Emperor
# Connolly's quarry

Connolly's quarry, now closed, was located five miles south of Bathurst, New Brunswick, in Canada. The quarry was the source of the distinctive pink-grey granite employed in various prominent government and institutional buildings of the late Victorian, Edwardian and Georgian eras throughout Gloucester County. Bridge piers for much of the Intercolonial Railway were constructed with the quarry's stone.

## History

Quarrying at the site was begun by Hannah (née Hussey) Connolly's father William Hussey, some time around 1870. The quarry was later deeded to her, likely as a dowry. She and her husband, who worked in the quarry himself, passed it down through the family tree to her sons, Daniel P and Joseph E, who took it over as a business partnership early in the 20th century.
Stone from this quarry was used to construct bridges for the Moncton-to-Campbellton section on the Intercolonial Railway.
The stone first came to public prominence in 1886 through the agency of Fathers James Rogers and Thomas F. Barry, who specified its use in the Roman Catholic Sacred Heart church, now cathedral. Many people did volunteer work during the construction of the church, and this secured them a pew seat in the church for many years.
In the early years of the 20th century, the Connolly brothers specialised in wharf and bridge pier work; their crews were seen to work along the entire St Lawrence coast of New Brunswick. The RCAF bases at Chatham, New Brunswick and Mont Joli, Quebec, were built by them during World War II.
Joseph eventually would serve three two-year terms as mayor of Bathurst, and in 1961 was awarded the title Freeman of the City.
The partnership between Joseph and Daniel Connolly was replaced in 1955 with Connolly Construction Limited, when the next generation grew into the quarry business. In the William C Connolly era, the corporation employed as many as 200 local men – all of whom had been trained in house – at peak construction times.
In the last half of the 20th century, ownership turned to marketing the stone for retail purposes under the name "Bathurst-Gray".

## Constructions

* 1886 Sacred Heart church, since 1938 cathedral at Bathurst
* 1900 Glos County Courthouse at Bathurst
* 1924 Sacred Heart School on St Andrew, now NB Public Health
* 1926 Bathurst High School
* 1976 Angus L. Macdonald Bridge which links the Halifax Peninsula to Dartmouth (piers)
# Conrad Laar

Conrad Peter Laar (22 March 1853 – 11 February 1929) was a German chemist. He coined the expression tautomerism in 1885. He also observed the double bond rule in 1885, stating elements with a principal quantum number greater than 2 for their valence electrons (period 3 elements and higher) tend not to form multiple bonds.
# Consorts of the Yongzheng Emperor

The Yongzheng Emperor had eight consorts, including two empresses, two imperial noble consorts, three consorts and one concubine. They are classified according to their posthumous titles.

## Empresses

* Empress Xiaojingxian (孝敬憲皇后) of the Ula-Nara clan (烏拉那拉氏; 28 June 1681 – 29 October 1731), personal name Duoqimuli (多棋木理) Primary Consort (嫡福晉) → Empress (皇后) → Empress Xiaojing (孝敬皇后) → Empress Xiaojingxian (孝敬憲皇后)
* Empress Xiaoshengxian (孝聖憲皇后) of the Niohuru clan (鈕祜祿氏; 12 January 1692 – 2 March 1777) Mistress (格格) → Consort Xi (熹妃) → Noble Consort Xi (熹貴妃) → Empress Dowager Chongqing (崇慶皇太后) → Empress Xiaoshengxian (孝聖憲皇后)

## Imperial noble consorts

* Imperial Noble Consort Dunsu (敦肅皇貴妃) of the Nian clan (年氏; ? – 23 December 1725) Secondary Consort (側福晉) → Noble Consort (貴妃) → Imperial Noble Consort (皇貴妃) → Imperial Noble Consort Dunsu (敦肅皇貴妃)
* Imperial Noble Consort Chunque (純愨皇貴妃) of the Geng clan (耿氏; December 1689/January 1690 – 27 January 1785) Mistress (格格) → Concubine Yu (裕嬪) → Consort Yu (裕妃) → Dowager Noble Consort Yu (裕貴太妃) → Dowager Imperial Noble Consort (皇貴太妃) → Imperial Noble Consort Chunque (純愨皇貴妃)

## Consorts

* Consort Qi (齊妃) of the Li clan (李氏; 1676 – 31 May 1739) Secondary Consort (側福晉) → Consort Qi (齊妃) → Dowager Consort Qi (齊太妃)
* Consort Qian (謙妃) of the Liugiya clan (劉佳氏; 1714 – 17 June 1767), personal name Xiangyu (香玉) Second Class Attendant (答應) → Noble Lady (貴人) → Concubine Qian (謙嬪) → Dowager Consort Qian (謙太妃)
* Consort Ning (寧妃) of the Wu clan (武氏; ? – 25 June 1734), personal name Lingyuan (令媛) Concubine Ning (寧嬪) → Consort Ning (寧妃)

## Concubines

* Concubine Mao (懋嬪) of the Song clan (宋氏; 1677 – October/November 1730) Mistress (格格) → Concubine Mao (懋嬪)
# Cook's Cove

Cook's Cove is a settlement that overlooks Chedabucto Bay in Guysborough County, Nova Scotia.
It was named after Elias Cook of Marblehead, Massachusetts who settled the area around 1770.
Twenty-two people from seven Mi'kmaq families lived in Cook's Cove in 1949.
Notable residents include Pearleen Oliver (1917–2008) who spent her infant years in Cook's Cove.
# Louis Becker

Louis Becker (born 1962) is a Danish architect and professor (Adj.), and the global design principal at Henning Larsen Architects.
In 2008 Becker was appointed adjunct professor at the Department of Architecture and Design at Aalborg University. In 2011 he received the Eckersberg Medal by the Academic Council, The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts as a recognition of his achievements of putting Danish architecture on the world map.
# John Stevenson (Ontario politician)

John Stevenson (August 12, 1812 – April 1, 1884) was the first Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1867 to 1871 and served as Conservative MPP for Lennox from 1867 to 1871.
Born in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, Stevenson's family moved to New York State (likely to the Albany, New York area and finally to Upper Canada. He was educated in Brockville and taught school briefly. Stevenson worked in various trades before entering politics:
* flour mill operator
* foundry owner
* axe shopkeeper
* brush factory owner
* lumberman
* shipping company owner
In 1842, he married Phoebe Eliza Hall.
Stevenson also served as a justice of the peace and as reeve for Napanee. From 1863 to 1865, he was warden for Lennox and Addington County.
After his defeat in 1871 by John Thomas Grange, he ran for the Lennox seat in the Canadian House of Commons in 1872 as an independent, losing to Richard John Cartwright, formerly a Conservative, now a Liberal. In 1878, he campaigned on behalf of Cartwright. Stevenson died in Napanee, Ontario in 1884.

## Electoral history

vte1867 Ontario general election: Lennox :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Conservative | John Stevenson | 1,222 | 53.29 |
| | Liberal | T.W. Casey | 826 | 36.02 |
| | Independent | B.C. Davy | 245 | 10.68 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 2,293 | 66.35 |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | 3,456 |
| | Conservative pickup new district. | Conservative pickup new district. | Conservative pickup new district. | Conservative pickup new district. | Conservative pickup new district. | Conservative pickup new district. | Conservative pickup new district. |
| Source: Elections Ontario |||||||
vte1871 Ontario general election: Lennox :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | John Thomas Grange | 1,183 | 56.41 | +3.12 |
| | Conservative | John Stevenson | 914 | 43.59 | −9.71 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,097 | 62.95 | −3.40 |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | 3,331 |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | Swing | +6.41 |
| Source: Elections Ontario |||||||
# Gomphosus

Gomphosus is a small genus of wrasses native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

## Species

The currently recognized species in this genus are:
* Gomphosus caeruleus Lacépède, 1801 (green birdmouth wrasse)
* Gomphosus varius Lacépède, 1801 (bird wrasse)
# Gabriel-Alexandre Belle

Gabriel-Alexandre Belle (4 March 1782 – 20 October 1855) was a 19th-century French writer and playwright. Belle was honoured by being made a Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur.

## Biography

A former commissioner of war, a member of the Soupers de Momus, an editor at the La Nouveauté newspaper, Director of the magazine Discours prononcé à la séance publique de la Société académique des Enfans d'Apollon, his plays were presented on the most important Parisian stages of the 19th century: Théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin, Théâtre de la Gaîté, Théâtre du Vaudeville, Théâtre des Variétés etc.

## Works

* 1807: La paix ou l'heureux retour, vaudeville in 1 act, with Paul Ledoux
* 1811: Ode, stances et pot-pourri sur la naissance de S. M. le Roi de Rome
* 1817: Femme à vendre, ou le Marché écossais, folie in 1 act, mingled with vaudevilles, with Paul Gentilhomme
* 1818: Crillon et Bussy d'Amboise, historical fact in 1 act, mingled with couplets, with Gentilhomme
* 1818: M. Sans-Souci, ou le Peintre en prison, comedy in 1 act, mingled with couplets, with Paul Ledoux
* 1818: Le Retour à Valenciennes, ou Rentrons chez nous, vaudeville in 1 act, with Armand Gouffé
* 1818: Karabi, ou l'île des piqures, vaudeville, with Gouffé
* 1819: Le Hussard et le Tambour, vaudeville, with Petit-maitre
* 1820: Monsieur Fougères, ou le Peintre du Marché-aux-Fleurs, vaudeville, with Gouffé
* 1821: Le fruit défendu, one-act vaudeville, with François-Pierre-Auguste Léger
* 1821: Les Voleurs supposés, one-act comédie en vaudevilles , with W. Lafontaine and Mélesville
* 1821: Le Bureau des nourrices, folie in 1 act, mingled with couplets, with Frédéric Dupetit-Méré
* 1822: Amour et Caprice, vaudeville, with W. Lafontaine
* 1822: Les Dames Martin, ou le Mari, la femme et la veuve, one-act comédie en vaudevilles, with W. Lafontaine and Henri de Tully
* 1823: La Caserne, ou le Changement de garnison, tableau militaire in 1 act, mingled with couplets, with Paul Ledoux
* 1824: La Fille du commissaire, vaudeville, with B. Antier
* 1824: Le Roi René, ou la Provence au 15e siècle, two-act opéra comique, with Sewrin
* 1824: La Tante et la nièce, ou C'était moi, one-act comédie en vaudevilles, with Gouffé
* 1825: Le Point d'honneur, vaudeville in 1 act from the Contes by Adrien de Sarrasin, with Benjamin Antier
* 1828: La Circulaire, comedy in 1 act and in prose, with Jacques-André Jacquelin
# 4 (Dungen album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 79/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
| ChartAttack | link |
| FACT Magazine | (7.5/10) link |
| JustPressPlay | link |
| Paste | (84/100) link |
| Pitchfork Media | (7.8/10) link |
| Spin | link |
| Twisted Ear | link |
4 is the fifth album by the Swedish psychedelic rock group Dungen.
It was released as a CD on 24 September 2008 by Subliminal Sounds (Sweden). The album was released in the US on Kemado Records on 30 September 2008.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Gustav Ejstes

## Personnel

* Gustav Ejstes – flute, organ, percussion, piano, strings, vocals, producer, engineer
* Reine Fiske – bass guitar, guitar, percussion
* Mattias Gustafsson – bass guitar on 3, 8 and 9
* Carl-Michael Herlöfsson – mastering
* Johan Holmegard – percussion, drums
* Anna Järvinen – backing vocals on 5 and 8
* Stefan Kéry – executive producer and cover design
* Pierre Lindsjöö – assistant engineer
* Karl Max – portraits
* Fredrik Swahn – bass guitar on 6
# Jim Sugar

James "Jim" Sugar is an American photographer, known for his work on National Geographic.

## Education

Sugar graduated with honours from Wesleyan University. He lives in Mill Valley, California.

## Work

He began his internship with National Geographic in 1967, and was given a full-time contract in 1969. That year he spent 3 months in Ireland and took over 11,000 photos, 24 of which made the cover story of National Geographic. In 2009, he visited Ireland again as the subject of the RTE documentary Summer of 69.
For National Geographic Sugar covered more than 20 stories and worked on a number of books, until he finally left the society in 1992.
HIs film Swimming: Mind-Body-Spirit was exhibited at the 2014 Mill Valley Festival.
# La Chapelle-Enchérie

La Chapelle-Enchérie (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher department, Centre-Val de Loire, France.
# Fumarioideae

Fumarioideae is a subfamily of the family Papaveraceae (the poppy family). It was formerly treated as a separate family, the Fumariaceae (the fumitory, fumewort or bleeding-heart family). It consists of about 575 species of herbaceous plants in 20 genera, native to the Northern Hemisphere and South Africa. The largest genus is Corydalis (with 470 species).

## Description
### Flower shape

Plants in the fumitory subfamily are easily recognised by their peculiar flowers with two dissimilar pairs of petals. One or both of the outer petals is usually spurred, and the inner petals are connected at tip.
There are two types of flowers. A given genus has one type or the other. Dicentra has flowers with two planes of symmetry, and Corydalis has flowers with one plane of symmetry (zygomorphic).

### Leaves

Most species have compound leaves.

## Taxonomy

The APG IV system of 2016 (unchanged from the earlier 1998 APG system, the 2003 APG II system, and the APG III system of 2009) includes the former family Fumariaceae within the Papaveraceae. The APG II system provided for its optional segregation as a separate family, but this option is not provided in the current APG IV system or the APG III system.

### Genera

There are 20 genera:
| Hypecoum (18 species) Lamprocapnos (1) Ichtyoselmis (1) Ehrendorferia (2) Adlumia (2) Capnoides (1) Ceratocapnos (3) Corydalis (470) Cryptocapnos (1) Cysticapnos (4) | Dactylicapnos (13) Dicentra (8) Discocapnos (1) Fumaria (50) Fumariola (1) Platycapnos (3) Pseudofumaria (2) Rupicapnos (7) Sarcocapnos (5) Trigonocapnos (1) |
* †Potomacapnos