OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Benjamin Furly

Benjamin Furly (13 April 1636 – March 1714) was an English Quaker merchant and friend of John Locke.

## Life

Furly was born at Colchester 13 April 1636, began life as a merchant there, and joined the early Quakers. In 1659–60 he assisted John Stubbs in the compilation of the 'Battle-Door.' George Fox records that this work was finished in 1661, and that Furly took great pains with it.
Some time previous to 1677 he went to live at Rotterdam, where he set up as a merchant in the Scheepmaker's Haven. In 1677 George Fox stayed and held religious meetings at Furly's house in Rotterdam, and Furly then accompanied Fox, Keith, and others through Holland and Germany, acting as an interpreter. Later on in the same year he made a ministerial journey with William Penn. His house became the rendezvous of Jean Leclerc, Philip van Limborch, and other scholars, and there he entertained Algernon Sydney, Locke (1686–88), and Locke's pupil, Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury (1688–89). Sydney constantly wrote to him from 1677 to 1679. Edward Clarke of Chipley seems to have introduced Locke to him, and their correspondence lasted as long as Locke lived. Locke delighted in playing with Furly's children.
Subsequently Furly renounced quakerism, again embraced it, but is supposed finally to have left it. He died at Rotterdam in March 1714.

## Works

Furly's works include:
* 'A Battle-Door for Teachers and Professors to learn Singular and Plural,' &c. (in thirty-five languages), with Stubbs and Fox, 1660.
* Preface to Ames's 'Die Sache Christi und seines Volks,' 1662.
* 'The World's Honour detected, and, for the Unprofitableness thereof, rejected,' &c., 1663.
He also wrote a number of prefaces to the works of other men, assisted George Keith in writing 'The Universal Free Grace of the Gospel asserted,' and translated several works into English from the Dutch.
Furly's library was sold by auction, and a catalogue, 'Bibliotheca Furleiana,' was published (1714).

## Family

He was twice married. On the death of his first wife in 1691, Locke sent a letter of condolence. By her he had four sons, Benjamin, Benjohan (b. 1681), John, and Arent. The two eldest were merchants. The youngest was secretary to the Earl of Peterborough in Spain, and died there in 1705. Benjohan's daughter, Dorothy, married Thomas Forster, whose sons were Benjamin Forster and Edward Forster. Edward's grandson, Thomas Ignatius Maria Forster, inherited much of Furly's correspondence, and printed part of his collection as 'Original Letters of Locke, Shaftesbury, and Sydney' in 1830, reissuing it in his privately printed 'Epistolarium' in 1830, 2nd edit. 1847. Much of Shaftesbury's correspondence with Furly went to the Public Record Office.
# Benninger

Benninger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Christopher Charles Benninger (1942–2024), American-Indian architect and planner
* Fred Benninger (1917–2004), German-American businessman
# Bernard A. Hennig

Bernard A. Hennig (1917 – 2014) was an American philatelist based in Chicago, who acted as chairman of the 1986 Ameripex international exhibition, held in the Chicago area. His main collecting area was Danzig, including proofs, essays and covers, as well as the stamps of Guatemala. He was added to the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1982. Hennig was awarded the Lichtenstein Medal in 1987. The American Association of Philatelic Exhibitors initiated the Bernard A. Hennig Award in 2007 and he received the first Award. He was inducted into the American Philatelic Society Hall of Fame in 2015.
# Benya-Peulh

Benya-Peulh is a village in the Zabré Department of Boulgou Province in south-eastern Burkina Faso. As of 2005, the village has a population of 369.
# Bernard Cruddas

Lieutenant Colonel Bernard Cruddas DSO (1 January 1882 – 23 December 1959) was a British Conservative politician.
Educated at Winchester College, Cruddas was commissioned into the 4th (Militia) Battalion of the North Staffordshire Regiment in July 1899, but the following year transferred to the Regular Army and the Northumberland Fusiliers (later the Royal Northumberland Fusiliers).
He reached the rank of Lieutenant colonel in World War I and was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) in January 1918.
He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for Wansbeck at the 1931 general election, and returned at the 1935 election. He stood down in 1940, and at the Wansbeck by-election on 29 July the Conservative candidate Donald Scott was returned unopposed.
# Bermuda towhee

The Bermuda towhee (Pipilo naufragus) is an extinct bird of the towhee genus Pipilo that was endemic to Bermuda.

## Taxonomy

It was a large member of the genus and closely related to the eastern towhee. The scientific description was in 2012, based on Pleistocene and Holocene remains from Quaternary cave deposits. 38 bones from at least five individuals are known.

## History

An old travel report by William Strachey who was shipwrecked on Bermuda from 1609 to 1610 might refer to that species. He wrote in 1625:
   Sparrowes fat and plumpe like a Bunting, bigger then ours.
The exact cause for its extinction is unknown, but it most definitely became extinct soon after human arrival to Bermuda in the early 1600s. Its decline is thought to have been accelerated by predation from invasive species.
# Bespoke Gene Therapy Consortium

The Bespoke Gene Therapy Consortium (BGTC) is a research initiative of the US Foundation for the National Institutes of Health. The consortium consists of the FDA, NIH, five non-profit organizations, and 10 pharmaceutical companies.
# Bernt B. Lomeland

Bernt Berntsen Lomeland (1836 – 1900) was a Norwegian school teacher and lay minister who established The Community (Samfundet) in 1890.

## Biography

Born to a farmer in Helleland, outside Egersund, Norway, he was confirmed on 29 September 1850. Beginning in 1855, Lomeland worked as a school teacher in the Helleland school district, a position he held for seven years. In 1862 he began a two-year teacher training program at Holt Seminary (today Kristiansand Teacher Training College) to formally become a teacher. He then took over a private school in Kristiansand from preacher Torkild Hammersmark [no]. However, his salary was lower than what he earned as a public school teacher, so in 1868 he started his own bookshop. In 1869 there was a split among Hammersmark's friends over the writings of Carl Olof Rosenius, and they had to leave the chapel, located at Gyldenløvesgate 70.
In the late 1880s, several major church reforms were carried out in the Church of Norway, often called the "Great Liturgical Revision". There was some resistance among the laity, and in Kristiansand and Egersund the opposition was particularly strong. Lomeland became involved with the religious movement called the Strong Believers (Sterktroende) in Kristiansand. He first worked as a teacher at their school before becoming a preacher. In the 1870s and 1880s he was the editor of several religious journals.
Lomeland wanted to remain in the church. He saw it as his task to counteract heresy from within. But when a new altar book was introduced in 1889, that was the end: several Strong Believers in Helleland, Egersund, Søgne and Kristiansand resigned from the state church. Lomeland then rose to become a leading figure among the strong believers and became a key figure when the dissenter free church The Community (Samfundet) was established in 1890. During the church's first decade, he served as pastor and head teacher in Kristiansand and Egersund. He continued the teachings of the Strong Believers, which were based on Knud Spødervold's 1848 book Guds nådes husholdning ('The Dispensation of God's Grace'). Members of The Community are known locally as lomelenders in Kristiansand.
In the mid-1890s, the congregation had 470 members. Its greatest numbers were in the villages, especially Helleland. Lomeland worked hard for his life's work, and The Community had about 600 members at the turn of the century. His publications are still widely read among members of The Community.
Lomeland married Olevine Kristine Olsdatter (1843–1929) from Harkmark near Mandal in 1872. Four of their children reached adulthood.
Lomeland died on 1 March 1900 in Egersund.

## Publications

* De fire Evangelier i Harmoni (1870)
* Bibelgranskeren (Mandal 1875–1878)
* Bedømmelse av Rosenius's Bog: Hemmeligheder i Lov og Evangelium (Mandal 1881)
* Tiden (1884–1888)
* Er den nye høimesseliturgi overensstemmende med den bibelske liturgi? (1887)
* Den nye skriftemaalsordning (Mandal 1888)
* Bedømmelse af vort nye dåbsritual... (Kristiansand 1890)
* Tiden (1890–1900)
* Foredrag over Davids salmer (Ekersund 1896)
* Bibelhistorie for samfundsskolerne (Egersund 1896)
# Berzo Demo

Berzo Demo (Camunian: Bèrs Dém) is an Italian comune in Val Camonica, province of Brescia, in Lombardy, northern Italy.

## Geography

The town of Berzo Demo is nestled on the southern slopes of the Pian della Regina. It is formed by three villages: the more downstream is Demo, the central one is Berzo and on top is Monte. It is bounded by other communes of Cedegolo, Cevo, Malonno, Paisco Loveno, Sellero, Sonico.

## History

Monday 6 April 1299, the consuls of the vicinia of Berzo and Demo go to Cemmo where is Cazoino Capriolo, Chamberlain of the Bishop of Brescia Berardo Maggi. Here swear according to the usual formula loyalty to the bishop, and pay the tithe due.
On 15 May 1365 the Bishop of Brescia Enrico Sessa invests iure feuds for a tenth of the rights in the territories of Breno, Vione, Vezza, Sonico, Malonno, Berzo Demo, Astrio, Ossimo and Losine Giovanni and Gerardo sons of Pasino Federici of Mu.
The peace of Breno of 31 December 1397, the representatives of the community of Demo, Albertino di Martino di Demo and the notary Giovannino Boldrini of Saviore, stands on the Ghibelline bank of Oglio.
On 17 September 1423 the Bishop of Brescia Francesco Marerio invests iure feuds for a 10th of the rights in the territories of Monno, Cevo, Andrist, Grumello, Saviore, Cemmo, Ono, Sonico, Astri, Malegno, Cortenedolo, Vione, Incudine and Berzo Demo at Bertolino della Torre of Cemmo.
In 1760 Berzo Demo and Monte had 790 inhabitants.
Between 1927 and 1948 (Royal Decree 28 September 1927) Berzo Demo was joint to Cedegolo.

## Main sights

The churches of Berzo Demo are:
* Berzo
** Parish Church of St. Eusebius, fifteenth century in origin, extended in the seventeenth. The ancon of the high altar was made by Pietro Ramus.
* Demo
** Parish of San Lorenzo; the portal bears the date 1757
** Church of St. Augustine, near the bell tower, now deconsecrated. Within a tombstone dated 1640.
** Church of San Zeno, on a small hill at the foot of the commune, is of the sixteenth century. It has a triangular tower-bell.
** Church dedicated to Saint Valentine (or "of the Dead"): Until a few years ago it was covered with votive offerings (ex voto), especially anatomical ones (legs, feet, hands).
* The bell tower of 1865 stands on the ruins of a medieval tower-house

## Culture

The scütüm are in camunian dialect nicknames, sometimes personal, elsewhere showing the characteristic features of a community. The one which characterize the people of
* Berzo is Bersàgoi
* Demo is Gòs
* Monte is Gàcc
On 28 June, the eve of feast of Saints Peter and Paul, the villagers put an egg white in a bottle which they leave in the open air until the next morning; albumin coagulated in filaments then evokes the masts and sails of a boat, it is the boat of Saint Peter.
# Bessie Downes

Bessie (Elizabeth) Downes (1860–1920) was a botanical artist, especially of the plants found around Southport on the Sefton coast of Lancashire, UK.
She was born in 1860 to Thomas Ralph and Mary Collinson in Leeds, the youngest of their six children. She lived independently from a family inheritance, moving to Hull and then to Southport by 1899. In 1907 she married James Charles Downes, a retired widower with four adult children. She died on 21 May 1920.
She joined the Southport Society of Natural Science in 1902 and continued as a member after her marriage. The society included a botanical special interest section. Her skill as an artist is shown in her surviving paintings. There are 314 watercolours, held initially at the Botanic Garden Museum in Southport but now at the Atkinson in Southport. These are mainly of flowers but also include sea shells, bird's eggs and butterflies. Herbarium sheets that match some of the paintings are also in the collection. The paintings are dated between 1890 and 1917. They are predominantly of plants from the Southport coast but also include some cultivated plants and ones from places that she either visited or received specimens from. These include Wensleydale, Dovedale, Bescar, Morecombe, Burnley, Ashover and Bridlington in the UK and Mount Pilatus and Rigi in Switzerland.
As well as the artistic quality of her work, the watercolour are significant as evidence of the flora of the Sefton coast, a sand-dune system prior to changes caused by agriculture and urban growth during the twentieth century.

## Legacy

In 2016 and 2017, exhibits at the Atkinson were funded by The Royal Society, as one of their Local Heroes projects. There was an exhibition of her work at the Atkinson from June to September 2019.
# Besagash

Besagash, previously in the Soviet era: Dzerzhinskoye is a village in Almaty Region in the south-east of Kazakhstan.
# Besal

The Besal, properly named "Gun, Light, Machine, Faulkner, .303-inch", was a light machine gun of British origin. The weapon was intended as an alternative to the Bren gun as it was lighter, simpler, cheaper and easier to manufacture and therefore was not dependent on the Royal Small Arms Factory, Enfield which was within range of German bombers. As the threat to the supply of Brens receded, it was eventually deemed unnecessary and never went into mass production.
The design was by Harry Faulkner of the Birmingham Small Arms Company, which also manufactured the larger Besa machine gun which like the Bren was a product of the pre-war Czech arms manufacturer. That weapon's name was a nickname for Birmingham Small Arms (BSA) and the Besal was to be a lighter version; a Besa-light. This was however not an official designation.
# Besh-Jygach

Besh-Jygach is a village in Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of Nooken District. Its population was 659 in 2021.
The town of Masy is 2.3 km (1.4 mi) to the northeast, and Bögöt is 3.4 km (2.1 mi) to the east.
# Better Love

Better Love or A Better Love may refer to:
* "Better Love" (Katerine Duska song), 2019 song that represented Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019
* "Better Love", song by Foxes from All I Need (Foxes album)
* "Better Love", song by Hozier from The Legend of Tarzan (film)
* "Better Love (Everybody's Looking for a Better Love)", song by Bobby Womack from Save the Children (album)
* "A Better Love", Top 20 hit by Londonbeat 1991
# Bethlehem Township, Cass County, Indiana

Bethlehem Township is one of fourteen townships in Cass County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 745 (down from 795 at 2010) and contained 322 housing units.

## History

Bethlehem Township was organized in 1836. It was named for an early settler's native hometown of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 35.36 square miles (91.6 km$^2$), of which 35.31 square miles (91.5 km$^2$) (or 99.86%) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km$^2$) (or 0.11%) is water.

### Unincorporated towns

* Metea

### Adjacent townships

* Liberty Township, Fulton County (northeast)
* Adams (east)
* Clay (south)
* Noble (southwest)
* Harrison (west)
* Wayne Township, Fulton County (northwest)

### Major highways

* Indiana State Road 16
* Indiana State Road 25
# Betsy Layne, Kentucky

Betsy Layne is a census-designated place (CDP) and coal town in Floyd County, Kentucky, United States. It was established in 1875 along the Levisa Fork. The post office opened on May 1, 1908, with Clayton S. Hitchins as postmaster. Its ZIP code is 41605. The 2010 census reported the population to be 688. Stage actress Bette Henritze (born 1924) was a native of Betsy Layne.
Betsy Layne is located along the eastern border of Floyd County. It is bordered to the east by Pike County. U.S. Route 23 passes through the community, leading northwest 13 miles (21 km) to Prestonsburg and southeast 12 miles (19 km) to Pikeville.
In addition to being treated as a census-designated place by the United States Census Bureau, they also consider Betsy Layne and the nearby community of Stanville as a combined Census County Division (CCD). It had a population of 4,601 at the 2020 census. The CCD also includes the communities of Banner, Dana, Harold, Ivel and Tram.

## Notable person

* Natasha Cornett – murderer sentenced to life imprisonment for the Lillelid murders
# Betty Asher

Betty Asher (May 6, 1914 – 1994) was an American art collector and dealer. An ardent supporter of Pop art and Contemporary art, her large collection of cups and saucers by artists was world-famous.

## Biography

Asher was born in Chicago on May 4, 1914. The family lived behind the drugstore. Asher attended a normal school (teacher training college) in Chicago for one year before beginning training to become a nurse at Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago. She graduated as an RN and spent about four years in private nursing.
In 1939, she married Dr. Leonard Asher. They moved to Los Angeles in 1941. The couple had two children, Reina Asher (Allen) and Michael Asher (who would become a well known conceptual artist), and three granddaughters, Pamela, Debra, and Tara.
Aside from being a collector, she was curatorial assistant at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art for 13 years (1966–79), and co-founded and co-owned Asher-Faure Gallery with Patricia Faure from 1979-90.
Asher died at her home in Beverly Hills on May 11, 1994. Her papers were donated to the Getty Research Institute in 2010.
# Bez-MX

Bez-MX is a 1981 video game published by Bez for the Apple II.

## Gameplay

Bez-MX is a game in which two players attack each other with missiles and bombers in a hybrid of strategy and arcade game.

## Development and publication

John Besnard designed the game based on actual defense projects authorized by President Ronald Reagan, with a release date of December 1981.

## Reception

David Hunter reviewed the game for Softalk and said that while the winner is determined by their score, "a low score does not necessarily indicate a badly played game" because he found it "easy to rack up points bombing cities and farms" while destroying "more crucial things like the runway and factory are what help you win the game."
Luther Shaw reviewed the game for Computer Gaming World, and stated that a "pure arcadist" may not enjoy Bez-MX but players who enjoy strategy games "with a little arcade flavor" may find the game "worth considering" based on its price.
# Bians-les-Usiers

Bians-les-Usiers (French pronunciation:) is a former commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. It merged with Goux-les-Usiers and Sombacour to form the new commune of Val-d'Usiers on 1 January 2024.
# Biathlon European Championships 2012 – Women's sprint

The women's sprint competition of the Biathlon European Championships 2012 was held on January 28, 2012 at 13:00 local time.

## Results

| Place | Name | Penalties | Time |
| 1 | Olena Pidhrushna | 0+0 | 20:23,0 |
| 2 | Valj Semerenko | 1+1 | +29,4 |
| 3 | Weronika Nowakowska-Ziemniak | 0+1 | +35,3 |
| 4 | Nadine Horchler | 0+0 | +44,9 |
| 5 | Darya Usanova | 0+1 | +46,2 |
| 6 | Ekaterina Shumilova | 1+1 | +49,0 |
| 7 | Carolin Hennecke | 0+0 | +50,6 |
| 8 | Anastasia Zagoruiko | 1+1 | +1:00,1 |
| 9 | Juliane Döll | 1+1 | +1:19,6 |
| 10 | Romana Schrempf | 0+2 | +1:23,3 |
| 11 | Marie Hov | 0+1 | +1:27,2 |
| 12 | Barbora Tomešová | 0+1 | +1:29,9 |
| 13 | Maren Hammerschmidt | 1+1 | +1:32,9 |
| 14 | Aleksandra Alikina | 1+1 | +1:34,7 |
| 15 | Gabriela Soukalová | 2+0 | +1:35,4 |
| 16 | Grete Gaim | 0+0 | +1:37,9 |
| 17 | Veronika Zvařičová | 0+1 | +1:41,0 |
| 18 | Megan Heinicke | 1+0 | +1:44,2 |
| 19 | Federica Sanfilippo | 1+1 | +1:46,5 |
| 20 | Darja Jurkewitsch | 0+1 | +1:47,7 |
| 21 | Ane Skrove Nossum | 2+1 | +1:51,2 |
| 22 | Karolina Pitoń | 1+0 | +1:52,5 |
| 23 | Tetiana Trachuk | 0+0 | +2:03,2 |
| 24 | Karolin Horchler | 0+0 | +2:05,4 |
| 25 | Juliya Dzhyma | 1+2 | +2:07,3 |
| 26 | Ane Sandaker Kvittingen | 1+2 | +2:18,3 |
| 27 | Evgenia Sedowa | 3+1 | +2:20,3 |
| 28 | Ala Talkatsch | 1+1 | +2:26,0 |
| 29 | Emilia Jordanowa | 0+3 | +2:26,2 |
| 30 | Martina Chrapánová | 0+2 | +2:30,4 |
| 31 | Terézia Poliaková | 0+1 | +2:33,9 |
| 32 | Laura Spector | 0+2 | +2:39,7 |
| 33 | Hanah Dreissigacker | 1+2 | +2:52,2 |
| 34 | Victoria Padial Hernández | 0+2 | +2:57,8 |
| 35 | Kim Kyung-nam | 1+0 | +3:01,1 |
| 36 | Lili Drčar | 0+3 | +3:03,7 |
| 37 | Katarzyna Leja | 0+2 | +3:24,5 |
| 38 | Aliona Sabaliauskienė | 1+0 | +3:30,3 |
| 39 | Žanna Juškāne | 0+4 | +3:34,6 |
| 40 | Réka Ferencz | 1+3 | +3:50,7 |
| 41 | Dafinka Koeva | 0+3 | +3:52,8 |
| 42 | Lea Johanidesová | 1+2 | +3:53,6 |
| 43 | Lucia Simová | 1+2 | +4:02,3 |
| 44 | Laura Toivanen | 0+2 | +4:03,7 |
| 45 | Anastasiya Kalei | 0+1 | +4:04,7 |
| 46 | Beata Szymańczak | 1+1 | +4:15,6 |
| 47 | Maryia Kolesen | 1+2 | +4:46,0 |
| 48 | Natália Prekopová | 1+3 | +4:49,5 |
| 49 | Daria Yurlova | 3+3 | +4:49,0 |
| 50 | Alexandra Camenscic | 1+1 | +5:15,7 |
| 51 | Anett Bozsik | 3+1 | +13:45,3 |
| 52 | Jelena Radivojević | 4+5 | +18:15,4 |
| dnf | Jelena Novoselac | | |
# Bernterode

Bernterode may refer to two places in Thuringia, Germany:
* Bernterode (bei Heilbad Heiligenstadt)
* Bernterode (bei Worbis)
# Big Tom (disambiguation)

Big Tom was an Irish singer and musician.
Big Tom may also refer to:

## Geography

* Big Tom (New York), a mountain in the Catskill Mountains of New York
* Big Tom, a summit in the Black Mountains (North Carolina), named after hunter and guide Thomas "Big Tom" Wilson (1825–1909)
* Big Tom, Bronx, a submerged rock in Eastchester Bay, the Bronx, New York
* Big Tom Lake, Two Inlets Township, Becker County, Minnesota
* Eastside Big Tom's, a hamburger restaurant in Olympia, Washington

## Nickname

* Tom Brown (police chief) (1889–1959), corrupt police chief of St. Paul, Minnesota, in the 1930s
* Thomas F. Foley (1852–1925), American politician and saloon owner in New York City (see List of identities in The Gangs of New York (book)#Politicians)
* Tom Moody (born 1965), Australian cricket coach and former first-class cricketer
* Tom O'Reilly (Cavan politician) (1915–1995), Irish Gaelic footballer, politician and farmer
* Tom Phillips (baseball) (1889–1929), American Major League Baseball pitcher
* Thomas Rienzi (1919–2010), United States Army major general
* Fyodor Sergeyev (1883–1921), Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, agitator and journalist

## Arts and entertainment

* Big Tom, a character in the television series The Good Guys (1968–1970), played by Alan Hale Jr.
* "Big Tom", a 1959 episode of the radio series Gunsmoke
* "Big Tom", a 1960 episode of the television series Gunsmoke
* Big Tom, a character in the Millarworld comic book series Reborn (2016–2017)
* Big Tom, a one-act religious play by Ernest Ferlita

## Horses

* Big Tom, disqualified winner of the 1968 Apple Blossom Handicap Thoroughbred horse race
* Big Tom, a horse that set the track record for Balmoral Park, Illinois in 2000

## Other uses

* "Big Tom: the World's Largest Turkey", a statue in Frazee, Minnesota
* Big Tom, a variety of pumpkin - see List of pumpkin varieties grown in the United States