OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# German submarine U-3512

German submarine U-3512 was a Type XXI U-boat (one of the "Elektroboote") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, built for service in World War II. She was ordered on 6 November 1943, and was laid down on 15 August 1944 at F Schichau GmbH, Danzig, as yard number 1657. She was launched on 11 October 1944, and commissioned under the command of Kapitänleutnant Hans Hornkohl on 27 November 1944.

## Design

Like all Type XXI U-boats, U-3512 had a displacement of 1,621 tonnes (1,595 long tons) when at the surface and 1,819 tonnes (1,790 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 76.70 m (251 ft 8 in) (o/a), a beam of 8 m (26 ft 3 in), and a draught of 6.32 m (20 ft 9 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN SE supercharged six-cylinder M6V40/46KBB diesel engines each providing 4,000 metric horsepower (2,900 kilowatts; 3,900 shaft horsepower), two Siemens-Schuckert GU365/30 double-acting electric motors each providing 5,000 PS (3,700 kW; 4,900 shp), and two Siemens-Schuckert silent running GV232/28 electric motors each providing 226 PS (166 kW; 223 shp).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 15.6 knots (28.9 km/h; 18.0 mph) and a submerged speed of 17.2 knots (31.9 km/h; 19.8 mph). When running on silent motors the boat could operate at a speed of 6.1 knots (11.3 km/h; 7.0 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph) for 340 nautical miles (630 km; 390 mi); when surfaced, she could travel 15,500 nautical miles (28,700 km; 17,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-3512 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes in the bow and four 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. She could carry twenty-three torpedoes or seventeen torpedoes and twelve mines. The complement was five officers and fifty-two men.

## Fate

U-3512 was sunk by bombs on 8 April 1945, at Kiel. The wreck was later raised and broken up.
# German submarine U-3513

German submarine U-3513 was a Type XXI U-boat (one of the "Elektroboote") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, built for service in World War II. She was ordered on 6 November 1943, and was laid down on 20 August 1944 at F Schichau GmbH, Danzig, as yard number 1658. She was launched on 21 October 1944, and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Otto-Heinrich Nachtigall on 2 December 1944.

## Design

Like all Type XXI U-boats, U-3513 had a displacement of 1,621 tonnes (1,595 long tons) when at the surface and 1,819 tonnes (1,790 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 76.70 m (251 ft 8 in) (o/a), a beam of 8 m (26 ft 3 in), and a draught of 6.32 m (20 ft 9 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN SE supercharged six-cylinder M6V40/46KBB diesel engines each providing 4,000 metric horsepower (2,900 kilowatts; 3,900 shaft horsepower), two Siemens-Schuckert GU365/30 double-acting electric motors each providing 5,000 PS (3,700 kW; 4,900 shp), and two Siemens-Schuckert silent running GV232/28 electric motors each providing 226 PS (166 kW; 223 shp).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 15.6 knots (28.9 km/h; 18.0 mph) and a submerged speed of 17.2 knots (31.9 km/h; 19.8 mph). When running on silent motors the boat could operate at a speed of 6.1 knots (11.3 km/h; 7.0 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph) for 340 nautical miles (630 km; 390 mi); when surfaced, she could travel 15,500 nautical miles (28,700 km; 17,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-3513 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes in the bow and four 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. She could carry twenty-three torpedoes or seventeen torpedoes and twelve mines. The complement was five officers and fifty-two men.

## Fate

U-3513 was scuttled on 3 May 1945, at Travemünde, as part of Operation Regenbogen. The wreck was later raised and broken up.
# Lepidochrysops vera

Lepidochrysops vera, the Vera's giant Cupid, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Nigeria.
Adults have been recorded on wing in May and June.
# Leptophobia philoma

Leptophobia philoma, the philoma white, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is found in Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia.
The wingspan is about 50 mm (2.0 in).

## Subspecies

The following subspecies are recognised:
* Leptophobia philoma philoma (Ecuador)
* Leptophobia philoma subargentea Butler, 1898 (Peru, Bolivia)
* Leptophobia philoma pastaza (Joicey & Talbot, 1928) (Ecuador)
# Germana Marucelli

Germana Marucelli (13 October 1905 – 23 February 1983) was an Italian fashion designer.

## Life and career

Born in Settignano, Florence into a family of craftsmen, after the primary school at 11 years old Marucelli started working as an apprentice in her uncle's atelier, Chiostri. In 1925 she left Chiostri to work in another Florentine atelier, and in 1932 she was appointed director of Gastaldi tailoring in Genoa.
In 1938, Marucelli moved to Milan, where in via Borgospesso she opened her first atelier. During the war she was forced to abandon the atelier and to move in Stresa, guest of her friend and loyal customer Flora d’Elys. During the war years she conceived a new type of fashion, characterized by hourglass silhouettes, thus anticipating the New Look by Christian Dior. After the war, she came back to Milan and created the "Giovedì di Germana Marucelli" (i.e. "Thursdays by Germana Marucelli"), a series of Thursday cultural meetings which involved authors and artists.
In 1948, Marucelli collaborated with the painter and set designer Piero Zuffi for a collection inspired by surrealism, and the same year she was appointed production and advertising consultant of the textile company SNIA Viscosa. Thanks to this position she was then able to take over the Ventura atelier in Corso Venezia, where she opened her new atelier and workshop. In 1950, she founded and financed a poetry prize, the Premio San Babila.
In 1952, together with other designers such as Vincenzo Ferdinandi, Roberto Capucci the Sartoria Antonelli, the Atelier Carosa, Giovannelli-Sciarra, Polinober, the Sartoria Vanna, Jole Veneziani and sixteen sportswear companies and boutiques at the first historic show at the Sala Bianca of Palazzo Pitti in Florence. A very young Oriana Fallaci, sent by the weekly Epoca, told the news.
Between 1950s and 1960s, Marucelli established herself as one of the most important Italian fashion designers, with a style often inspired by classical and avant-garde figurative arts, such as the 1954 collection "fraticello" (i.e. "little friar"), inspired by the fifteenth century Tuscan painters, or the 1960 line "vescovi" (i.e. "bishops"), inspired by the sculptures of Giacomo Manzù. Other successful collections include the 1957 youthful line "Pannocchia", the 1963 transgressive line "Scollo a tuffo", and the 1965 line "Optical", she designed together with the kinetic artist Getulio Alviani.
In 1972, Marucelli made her last collection, then she semi-retired, continuing to dress only a limited circle of loyal customers, and opening a sewing school, restricted to her grandchildren and a few friends.
# Germanasca

The Germanasca (also in Piedmontese Germanasca) is a 27 km (17 mi) Italian torrent, which runs through the Metropolitan City of Turin. It is a tributary of the Chisone, into which it flows near Perosa Argentina. The valley formed by the river is known as Val Germanasca.

## Geography

The stream is formed from Lago Verde, a small Alpine lake in the Cottian Alps, and initially runs northwards, before reaching the comune of Salza di Pinerolo and turning east. It then receives the waters of the Germanasca di Salza and Germanasca di Massello increasing a lot its average discharge. After the end of its course through the Germanasca Valley it reaches the Chisone at Perosa Argentina.
# Froilyn Mendoza

Froilyn Tenorio Mendoza (born 1972 or 1973) is a Filipino civic worker and politician who is a member of the Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament as a representative of the Teduray people.

## Background and education

Mendoza is a member of the Lambangian tribe of the Teduray and hails from South Upi, Maguindanao del Sur. She was born to Alfredo Obregon Tenorio and Dionisia Laugan.
Her father Tenorio was the first Teduray municipal secretary who initiated the creation of South Upi as a municipality in 1977. Her mother Laugan is a school teacher and a indigenous people's rights advocate who is a co-founder of the Teduray-Lambangian Women’s Organization.
While Teduray girls are usually discouraged from pursuing a full formal education, Mendoza was encouraged by her parents to study and was able to finish college. She obtained a bachelor's degree in agriculture at the University of Southern Mindanao and a second degree as a registered midwife in Northern Cotabato College.

## Career

Mendoza is involved in the Bangsamoro peace process and representation of her ethnic group, the Teduray. She has served as the chair of the Teduray-Lambangian Women's Organization, the third person to hold the position. She is one of the co-founders of the organization.
She has also been a member of the all-women contingent of the Civilian Protection component of the International Monitoring Team, the project manager of a special project for the advocacy of Lumad women's rights in the now defunct Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) by the United Nations Development Fund for Women and an advocacy specialist of the special project of the Institute for Autonomy and Governance for the empowerment of Indigenous Peoples in the ARMM.

### Bangsamoro Transition Committee

Mendoza was appointed to the Bangsamoro Transition Commission (BTC) in 2013 by then President Benigno Aquino III. The BTC is a body which is tasked to help draft the Bangsamoro Basic Law (BBL) a charter legislation for the then-proposed autonomous Bangsamoro region intended to replace the ARMM. Mendoza was nominated by the Teduray to represent their people in the BTC.
The first BTC under Aquino lasted from 2013 to 2014, when the body was able to come up with a draft. Mendoza signed the draft with reservations since the proposed measure did not include the recognition of the Indigenous People's Rights Act within the BBL and only included mention of an "ancestral domain" rather than "ancestral domains".

### Bangsamoro Parliament

Mendoza was appointed to the Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament by President Bongbong Marcos on August 12, 2022. She is among the seven new woman appointees to the parliament. A nominee of the Philippine national government, Mendoza represents the Non-Moro Indigenous Peoples (NMIP) in the regional legislature.
She plans to take part in the first Bangsamoro Parliament election in 2025 to vie for a seat under the Indigenous Peoples Democratic Party.

## Personal life

Mendoza is a mother to two children.
# Lasjia claudiensis

Lasjia claudiensis is a species of tree in the protea family that is endemic to the Cape York Peninsula of Far North Queensland in north-eastern Australia. It is listed as Vulnerable under Queensland's Nature Conservation Act 1992 as well as Australia's Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.

## History

The tree was first described in 1993 in the journal Australian Systematic Botany by Caroline Gross and Bernard Hyland as a species of Macadamia, but was transferred in 2008 in the American Journal of Botany by Peter Weston and Austin Mast to the new genus Lasjia, of which it is the type species.

## Description

The thick, leathery leaves are 11.5–26 cm long by 4–13.5 cm wide. The terminal buds and young shoots are covered in rust-brown coloured hairs. The flowers grow as inflorescences with curved bracts. The globular fruits are 5–7 cm in diameter.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in monsoon forest and gallery forest on the Cape York Peninsula from near sea level to an altitude of 100 m.
# Jhanjian Khurd

Jhanjian Khurd is a village in Batala in Gurdaspur district of Punjab State, India. It is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) from sub district headquarter, 60 kilometres (37 mi) from district headquarter and 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from Sri Hargobindpur. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

## Demography

As of 2011, The village has a total number of 131 houses and the population of 702 of which 359 are males while 343 are females. According to the report published by Census India in 2011, out of the total population of the village 256 people are from Schedule Caste and the village does not have any Schedule Tribe population so far.
# John Morris (cricketer, born 1880)

John Frederick Morris (14 October 1880 – 23 March 1960) was an English first-class cricketer.
Morris was born at Ampthill. He later studied at the University of Cambridge, where he made a single appearance in first-class cricket for Cambridge University against London County at Fenner's in 1902. He batted twice in the match, ending both Cambridge innings' not out with scores of 7 and 2. In addition to playing first-class cricket, Morris also played minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire from 1900–02, making nine appearances. He died at Norwich in March 1960.
# Lost Song (film)

Lost Song is a 2008 drama film by Canadian director Rodrigue Jean. The film focuses on a couple's struggle with postpartum depression. It won the Best Canadian Film Award at the Toronto International Film Festival.

## Plot

After the birth of their firstborn baby, Pierre and Élisabeth drive to the country to stay with his mother. The still-unnamed baby is restless, refuses to breastfeed and is having trouble sleeping. When Pierre must return to work, Élisabeth is left alone with the baby. Perplexed as to what to do, she leaves the baby in the care of her overly attentive mother-in-law Louise. Spending time with teenaged neighbor Naomi, Élisabeth finds comfort in the girl's friendship. As the pressure mounts to baptize the baby, Élisabeth considers taking a desperate action.

## Cast

* Suzie LeBlanc as Élisabeth
* Patrick Goyette as Pierre
* Ginette Morin as Louise
* Marilou Longpré Pilon as Naomi
* Louise Turcot as Patricia
* Louis Lafrenière-Audette as Michel
* Charles Lafrenière-Audette as Michel
* Normand St-Jacques as Naomi's father
* Luc Dumais as Priest
* Gabrielle Georgieff as Singer
* Lina Fortin as Organist

## Reception

On review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes, Lost Song has an approval rating of 67% based on 6 critics' reviews.
Brian D. Johnson of Maclean's wrote, "This story of a woman’s quiet descent into postpartum depression at a summer cottage in Quebec is...'a perfect marriage of character and landscape.' And as a mediation on dappled lake light and addled psychology, it’s beautifully composed, both austere and lyrical. However, I found it slow, morally schematic and dramatically slack."
The film was selected as one of Canada's Top Ten Films for 2008. Damon D’Oliveira, a member of the Toronto International Film Festival Group which compiled the list, said, "The beauty of Rodrigue Jean's Lost Song is in its simplicity. He has crafted a spare and uncompromising film – rife with humanity – about first-time parents grappling with the mounting pressures of caring for a newborn. Gracefully understated performances creep up and deliver a gut punch at the film's unsettling climax."

## Awards

At the Toronto International Film Festival, Lost Song won the award for Best Canadian Feature Film.
# John Hills (politician)

Major John Waller Hills PC (1867 – 24 December 1938) was a British Liberal Unionist and Conservative politician and author.
The second son of Herbert Augustus and Anna Hills of High Head Castle, Cumberland, Hills was educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford. In 1897 he married Stella Duckworth, step-daughter of Leslie Stephen. Three months into the marriage, Stella was taken ill with peritonitis, and died. Nevertheless, Hills retained a close connection with his wife's family after her death, including her half-sisters Virginia Woolf and Vanessa Bell. Woolf professed to dislike him, comparing his appearance to that of "an excellent highly polished well seasoned brown boot."
During World War I he served as a captain in the 4th Battalion of the Durham Light Infantry. He was promoted to the rank of Major in October 1915 and Acting Lieutenant-Colonel of the 20th Battalion in July 1916. He was wounded in September 1916, and mentioned in dispatches.
He was Liberal Unionist Member of Parliament (MP) for City of Durham from 1906 to 1918 and for the successor Durham City Division from 1918 to 1922, and Conservative member for Ripon from December 1925, following his victory in the by-election. He held ministerial office as Financial Secretary to the Treasury from 1922 to 1923.
In 1923, he was appointed by the government to the board of what would become Imperial Airways.
He was appointed a Privy Counsellor in 1929. He was due to be conferred a baronetcy in the 1939 New Year Honours but died before he could receive it. His five-year-old son Andrew Ashton Waller Hills was created a baronet, of Hills Court in the County of Kent, in his stead, whilst his wife was granted the style, title and place of the widow of a baronet. She was also active in politics, but for the Liberal party, standing for parliament at Hendon North in 1959. Hills's son Sir Andrew Hills, 1st Baronet, died in February 1955, aged 21, when the title became extinct.
Hills was also a notable fly fishing historian and author, with published works including:
* A History of Fly Fishing for Trout, 1921
* A Summer on the Test, 1930
* River Keeper: The Life of William James Lunn, 1934
* My Sporting Life, 1936
# Fifth Army (United Kingdom)

The Fifth Army was a field army of the British Army during World War I that formed part of the British Expeditionary Force on the Western Front between 1916 and 1918. The army originated as the Reserve Corps during the preparations for the British part of the Somme Offensive of 1916, was renamed Reserve Army when it was expanded and became the Fifth Army in October 1916.

## History

The Fifth Army was created on 30 October 1916, by renaming the Reserve Army (General Hubert Gough). It participated in the Battle of the Ancre, which became the final British effort in the Battle of the Somme.
In 1917,the Fifth Army was involved in the Battle of Arras and then the Third Battle of Ypres. The following year, the Fifth Army took over a stretch of front-line previously occupied by the French south of the River Somme and on 21 March, bore the brunt of the opening phase of the German Spring Offensive, known as Operation Michael. The failure of the Fifth Army to withstand the German advance led to Gough's dismissal and replacement by General Henry Rawlinson on 28 March and on 2 April, the army was renamed the Fourth Army. Gough and his remaining staff officers were to be renamed the Reserve Army with a headquarters at Crécy-en-Ponthieu, to survey a defensive line west of Amiens as a precaution and to oversee the building of all GHQ lines. After Gough was removed and sent home, General William Peyton took over the HQ until 23 May, when the Reserve Army title was dropped and the Fifth Army HQ was re-formed, under the command of General William Birdwood. Although the Fifth Army was blamed for failing to hold the German advance, it was later "triumphantly vindicated".

### Commanders

* October 1916 – March 1918 General Sir Hubert Gough
* April–May 1918 General Sir William Peyton
* May–November 1918 General Sir William Birdwood

## Second World War

The army was not reraised during the Second World War. However, due to various Allied deception efforts, German intelligence over-estimated the number of Allied forces based within the UK by the start of 1944. While there was no specific deception effort to create the Third Army, German intelligence believed that one had been formed from Eastern Command.

## Footnotes

* ↑ James 1990, p. 10.
* ↑ James 1990, p. 14.
* ↑ James 1990, pp. 17–19, 21–24, 26–27.
* ↑ Edmonds 1995, pp. 27–28, 109.
* ↑ Harris 2009, p. 462.
* ↑ Edmonds 1995, p. 118.
* ↑ Bourne 2017.
* ↑ Edmonds 1994, p. 194.
* ↑ HMSO 1944, p. 102.
* ↑ Hesketh 2000, pp. 169–170.
# Clifford Ando

Clifford Ando (born 1969) is an American classicist who specializes in Roman law and religion. His work deals primarily with law, religion, and government in the Imperial era, particularly issues of Roman citizenship, legal pluralism, and legal procedure. In the history of law, his work addresses the relations among civil law, public law, and international law.
Ando is a professor in the Department of Classics, History and Law and in the College at the University of Chicago. He is a research fellow in the Department of Classics and World Languages at the University of South Africa, and the recipient of several fellowships, grants, and prizes. He has held fellowship and visiting professorships in Canada, France, Germany, New Zealand, and South Africa. He earned his bachelor's degree from Princeton University in 1990, and his doctorate from the University of Michigan in 1996.
In 2008, he was among faculty members who questioned the establishment of the Milton Friedman Institute at the University of Chicago.

## Major works

* Imperial Ideology and Provincial Loyalty in the Roman Empire (2000), winner of the 2003 Goodwin Award from the American Philological Association
* Editor, Roman Religion (2003)
* Co-editor with Jörg Rüpke, Religion and Law in Classical and Christian Rome (2006)
* The Matter of the Gods (2008)
* Law, Language and Empire in the Roman Tradition (2011)
* Le Droit et l'Empire. Invention juridique et réalités politiques à Rome (2012)
* Imperial Rome: The Critical Century (A.D. 193–284) (2012)
* Religion et gouvernement dans l'Empire romain (2012)
Ando has also published numerous articles, essays, and reviews.
# Cluster-aware application

A cluster-aware application is a software application designed to call cluster APIs in order to determine its running state, in case a manual failover is triggered between cluster nodes for planned technical maintenance, or an automatic failover is required, if a computing cluster node encounters hardware or software failure, to maintain business continuity. A cluster-aware application may be capable of failing over LAN or WAN.

## Cluster-aware application characteristics

* Use TCP/IP to maintain heartbeat between nodes.
* Capable of transaction processing.
* Mirroring cluster information in realtime.