OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Antoš Frolka

Antoš Frolka (13 June 1877 – 8 June 1935), was a Czech painter of folk scenes.

## Biography

Frolka was born in Kněždub in South Moravia. From a poor family, he was partly self-taught, and partly taught by Joža Uprka. He tried and failed to study at the Academy of Fine Arts in Prague, spent some time at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna and the academy in Munich. In 1907 he joined the Association of Moravian Artists. In 1914 he received a scholarship to study in Paris, but had to abandon this after six months at the outbreak of the World War I. Mobilized and sent to the Eastern Front, Frolka experienced a severe crisis of creativity after the end of the war.

## Paintings

Frolka's painting was devoted to the "small moments of everyday life" and to the folk culture of Moravia and Slovakia. He dressed always in Moravian costume and spoke in Moravian dialect. He became widely known as a painter of the Czech and Slovak national revival.
# Official Secrets

Official Secrets may refer to:
* Official Secrets (film), a docudrama about a whistleblower leaking that the United States blackmailed the United Nations into supporting the Iraq War
* "Official Secrets" (Yes, Prime Minister), the tenth episode of the TV series
# Dermapteromyces

Dermapteromyces is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contain three species.
# Lapid

Lapid may refer to:
* Lapid (surname)
* Lapid, Israel
* Type of boat also known as a Balangay
* Ha-Lapid, Jewish Portuguese newspaper
# Lake Sanborn

Lake Sanborn is a lake in Le Sueur County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
Lake Sanborn was named for Edwin Sanborn, a pioneer who settled there in 1857.
# Rayyis

Rayyis is a small coastal town in Al Madinah Province, in western Saudi Arabia.
# Dow Block

The Dow Block is a historic commercial building on Central Square in Stoneham, Massachusetts. Built in 1864, it is the first of three mid-19th century buildings that define Central Square, and is a fine example of Second Empire architecture. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, and was included in the Central Square Historic District in 1990.

## Description and history

Central Square in the heart of Stoneham is a triangular square defined by Main Street (Massachusetts Route 28), which runs north-south, and Central Street, which extends northeast from a junction that also includes Franklin Street. The Dow Block stands just north of a small plaza at the corner. It is a 3+1⁄2-story brick building with a mansard roof, and presenting a symmetrical facade south to the square. The roof is made of patterned slate tiles, and has a central projecting and raised section. Three dormers with hip roofs and small central gables are arranged across, the central one with a three-part window and the outer ones with paired sash windows. The facade is divided into three portions demarcated by sandstone quoins at the corners and similar piers between. Windows on the second and third floors are separated by Stick style panels.
The Dow Block was built in 1864 by Moses Dow, a real estate investor from Charlestown. Early uses of the building included housing the town post office and library. Along with the Oddfellows Building (c. 1870) and Chase Block (1874), the building is one of the defining elements of Stoneham's Central Square.
# Kulchandra Gautam

Pandit Kulchandra Gautam (Nepali: पं. कुलचन्द्र गौतम)(1934-2015 B.S.) was a Sanskrit scholar in the field of spirituality, language and philosophy. He has also worked in the field of Ayurveda. He was born in Nepal and hounured by the title of Bidwat Siromani. He has also been featured in the postage stamp of Nepal in 1992.

## Life

Gautam was born on 27 June 1877 (15 Asar 1934 B.S.) as the youngest child of Pandit Ramakanta Gautam (father) and Savitridevi Gautam (mother) in Tamaguru Tole, Jiwanpur Village of Dhading district of Nepal (currently in province 3). His exact birthday is controversial because his Janmakudali was burnt during his cremation. His siblings are Bhadranidhi Gautam, Dandapadi Gautam, the name of his sister is not known. The name Kulchandra was given to him while he was a student in Kashi. He died in 2015 B.S.

## Publications

Gutam has published various books in Sanskrit and Nepali language on various topics.
* Prapancha Charcha (pubhlished in 1993 BS (1936-1937) by Laxminarayan Publication, Kasi), in a form of epic, described the social, political, economic status of Rana rule in Nepal.
* Manas Manjari (ISBN 9789937266697)
* Translated Amarakosha into Nepali
* Sanskrit- Nepali dictionary
* Radhawlankar (2016 BS (1959-1960))
* Tulsikrit Ramayana (1996 BS (1939-1940))
* Alankar Chanradaya (1979 BS (1922-1923))
* Swayam Baidya (on Ayurbed 1972 BS (1915-1916))
* Purusartha Kalpaballi (1956 BS (1899-1900))
# Río Muni

Río Muni (called Mbini in Fang) is the Continental Region (called Región Continental in Spanish) of Equatorial Guinea, and comprises the mainland geographical region, covering 26,017 square kilometres (10,045 sq mi). The name is derived from the Muni River, along which the early Europeans had built the Muni River Settlements.

## History

Río Muni was ceded by Portugal to Spain in 1778 in the Treaty of El Pardo. The Spanish had hoped to collect slaves to work in their other overseas possessions, but the settlers died of yellow fever, and the area was deserted. Cocoa and timber became major industries upon recolonization. Río Muni, along with Bioko, became a province of Spanish Guinea in 1959.

## Population

In 2015, 885,015 people—about 72% of Equatorial Guinea's population—lived in Río Muni. The main languages spoken in Río Muni are Fang-Ntumu, which is spoken in the north, and Fang-Okak, which is spoken in the south. Spanish is also spoken, although only as a second language.

## Provinces

Río Muni comprises five provinces:
   * Centro Sur
   * Djibloho
   * Kié-Ntem
   * Litoral
   * Wele-Nzas

## Cities

The largest city is Bata, which also serves as the regional administrative capital. Other major towns include Evinayong, Ebebiyín, Acalayong, Acurenam, Mongomo and Mbini.
# Derivative (chemistry)

In chemistry, a derivative is a compound that is derived from a similar compound by a chemical reaction.
In the past, derivative also meant a compound that can be imagined to arise from another compound, if one atom or group of atoms is replaced with another atom or group of atoms, but modern chemical language now uses the term structural analog for this meaning, thus eliminating ambiguity. The term "structural analogue" is common in organic chemistry.
In biochemistry, the word is used for compounds that at least theoretically can be formed from the precursor compound.
Chemical derivatives may be used to facilitate analysis. For example, melting point (MP) analysis can assist in identification of many organic compounds. A crystalline derivative may be prepared, such as a semicarbazone or 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (derived from aldehydes or ketones), as a simple way of verifying the identity of the original compound, assuming that a table of derivative MP values is available. Prior to the advent of spectroscopic analysis, such methods were widely used.
In analytical chemistry, derivatization can be used to convert analytes into other species for improving detection. For example, polar groups such as N-H or O-H can be converted into less polar groups. This reaction reduces the boiling point of the molecule, allowing non-volatile compounds to be analyzed by gas chromatography.
# Lamma Channel

Lamma Channel (Chinese: 博寮海峽) may refer to:
* East Lamma Channel, a waterway on the east of Lamma Island in Hong Kong
* West Lamma Channel, a waterway on the west of Lamma Island in Hong Kong
# Raymonde Godin

Raymonde Godin (December 23, 1930 – January 31, 2023) was a Canadian artist.
Originally from Quebec, she moved to France in 1954 and lives in the Drôme Provençale. Godin was included in a 2020 exhibit, Women in the 1950s. Through Abstraction, Painting and Sculpture, at the Soulages Museum.
Her work is included in the collections of the Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, the Musée d'art de Joliette and the National Gallery of Canada.
Godin died on January 31, 2023, at the age of 92.
# Pascale Garaud

Pascale Garaud is a French astrophysicist and applied mathematician interested in fluid dynamics, magnetohydrodynamics, and their applications to astrophysics and geophysics. She is a professor of applied mathematics at the University of California, Santa Cruz, and currently serves as the department chair.
Garaud was a student at Louis Pasteur University in Strasbourg, and came to Trinity College, Cambridge as a Knox Scholar to study for the Mathematical Tripos. Remaining at Cambridge, Garaud earned her Ph.D. in 2001. Her dissertation, The dynamics of the solar tachocline, was jointly supervised by Douglas Gough and Nigel Weiss. After postdoctoral research at Cambridge, she joined the faculty at the University of California, Santa Cruz in 2004.
At Santa Cruz, Garaud is a Fellow of Oakes College. She founded the Kavli Summer Program in Astrophysics (formerly the International Summer Program for Modeling in Astrophysics), an annual meeting of graduate students and researchers, in 2010.
In 2019, Garaud was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society.
# 312th Independent Infantry Battalion (Imperial Japanese Army)

The 312th Infantry Battalion of the Imperial Japanese Army participated in the Battle of Iwo Jima as part of the 2nd Mixed Brigade. Its job was to defend Mount Suribachi and the approaches to Mount Suribachi. By D+4 of the battle most of the men in the unit were killed, wounded and/or captured. On the night of February 22, 1945 (D+3) some 100-120 men of the battalion attempted to escape from Mount Suribachi to join the rest of the troops in the north.
The battalion also saw action in China earlier in the war (before the battle of Iwo Jima).
# Anwaruddin

Anwaruddin is a Muslim male name formed from the elements Anwar and ad-Din. It thus means "light of the faith". It may refer to:
* Anwaruddin Muhammed Khan (1672–1749), Nawab of Arcot, major figure during the Second Carnatic War
* Anwaruddin Choudhury (born 1958), Indian naturalist
* Anwar Uddin (born 1981), English footballer
# Kustavi Grotenfelt

Kustavi (Gustaf) Grotenfelt (27 April 1861, Helsinki – 7 January 1928) was a Finnish historian, professor at the University of Helsinki and politician. He was a member of the Diet of Finland from 1888 to 1900 and from 1904 to 1906 and of the Parliament of Finland from 1908 to 1909. He represented the Young Finnish Party.
# Department of Agriculture and Co-operation (Telangana)

Department of Agriculture and Co-operation is a cabinet level ministerial post in the Government of Telangana. First held on 2 June 2014, this ministry has one of the important portfolios in the cabinet of the state. The incumbent Minister for the Department of Agriculture and Co-operation for the state of Telangana is Thummala Nageswara Rao.
The department was created mainly to provide agricultural extension services to farmers and to transfer the latest technical knowledge to the farming community. Telangana's agriculture department separated from Andhra Pradesh as part of Andhra Pradesh bifurcation. It aims to promote agricultural trade and to boost agricultural production and productivity in Telangana.

## Background

The economy of Telangana is largely dependent on agriculture and most people have taken farming as a profession. The podu system is used in some areas.

## List of ministers

| # | Portrait | Portrait | Minister (Lifespan) Constituency | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Election (Term) | Party | Ministry | Chief Minister | Ref. |
| # | Portrait | Portrait | Minister (Lifespan) Constituency | Term start | Term end | Duration | Election (Term) | Party | Ministry | Chief Minister | Ref. |
| 1 | | | Pocharam Srinivas Reddy (born 1949) MLA for Banswada | 2 June 2014 | 6 September 2018 | 4 years, 96 days | 2014 (1st) | Telangana Rashtra Samithi | Rao I | Kalvakuntla Chandrashekhar Rao | |
| 2 | | | Singireddy Niranjan Reddy (born 1958) MLA for Wanaparthy | 19 February 2019 | 3 December 2023 | 4 years, 287 days | 2018 (2nd) | Telangana Rashtra Samithi | Rao II | Kalvakuntla Chandrashekhar Rao | |
| 3 | | | Thummala Nageswara Rao (born 1953) MLA for Khammam | 7 December 2023 | Incumbent | 307 days | 2023 (3rd) | Indian National Congress | Reddy | Anumula Revanth Reddy | |
# Lap Power

Lap Power were a Swedish publicly listed company that was started in 1991 that during the 1990s sold (mainly portable) personal computers and computer accessories. A lot of attention and controversy came from provocative advertising featuring Helen Wellton posing scantily clad to sell their computers. The company was owned by Mr and Mrs Helen Wellton (b.1961) and Claes Wellton Persson. Lap Power's new owners plunged the company into bankruptcy in 2000.

## JämO against Helen Wellton

Company ads where Helen Wellton occurred frequently on the picture together with the company's products attracted the Equality Ombudsman's (JämO) attention. The ads were reported twice by the Ombudsman to the Industry and Commerce Ethics against sexist advertising (ERK). The first time she was freed. The second time, she was convicted of her smile, which ERK considered "signaling sexual overtures".

## History

The corner stones for Lap Power were done in mid-1990s but it wasn't until 1991 that it started for real. The first big order came from the Swedish Armed Forces. That ordered a number of camouflage painted "towable" computers. It could best be described as a stationary machine that had been assembled together with a foldable screen. These clumsy models became little of a specialty for the company in the beginning and the possibilities were soon realised.
My thought was that in the feature all one would need was a small portable computer and no stationary. I was the first in the world to market a package that consisted of a portable computer, a big monitor, big keyboard and a mouse for office workplaces, says Claes Persson (the former CEO).
Persson also says he was the first with a docking strip that fit portable computers. In the docking strip, screen, keyboard and mouse were always connected. Too bad I didn't patent this.
# Lamona, Washington

Lamona is an unincorporated community located in southern Lincoln County, Washington, United States, between Odessa and Harrington on State Route 28. Lamona is located at an elevation of 1,797 feet (548 m) above sea level.
Lamona was named for its first merchant, in 1892–1893, J.H. Lamona.
# Raymonde Le Texier

Raymonde Le Texier (born 29 October 1939) is a member of the Senate of France, representing the Val-d'Oise department. She is a member of the Socialist Party, and the vice president of the Commission of Social Affairs.
# Doselia

Doselia is a genus of hemiepiphytic lianas belonging to the Solandreae tribe of the nightshade family, Solanaceae. The species belonging to this genus are endemic to the premontane forests of the Colombian and Ecuadorian Andes.

## Description

The genus was characterized from congeners based on the membranous leaves, the eglandular simple trichomes that are usually sparsely pubescent, pseudo-verticillate leaf arrangement, and the few-flowered inflorescences that are elongated, and pendulous, bearing showy flowers and conical fruits.

## Species

* Doselia epifita (S.Knapp) A.Orejuela & Särkinen
* Doselia huilensis (A.Orejuela & J.M.Vélez) A.Orejuela & Särkinen
* Doselia lopezii (Hunz.)A.Orejuela & Särkinen
* Doselia galilensis A.Orejuela & Villanueva

## Etymology

The genus name, Doselia, derives from the Spanish word, dosel which means canopy referring to the hemiepiphytic lianescent habit of all species of Doselia, wherein the branches rise high up to the canopy making the species challenging to see unless the plants are bearing their showy pendulous flowers.
# 3131 Mason-Dixon

3131 Mason–Dixon (prov. designation: 1982 BM$_1$) is a Koronian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 24 January 1982, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at Lowell's Anderson Mesa Station in Arizona, United States. The likely S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 19.7 hours and measures approximately 14 kilometers (9 miles) in diameter. It was named for English astronomers Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon.

## Orbit and classification

Mason–Dixon is a core member of the Koronis family (605), a very large asteroid family of almost 6,000 known asteroids with nearly co-planar ecliptical orbits. It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.8–3.1 AU once every 5 years (1,825 days; semi-major axis of 2.92 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.04 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic.
The body was first observed at Heidelberg Observatory in February 1922. Its observation arc begins with a precovery taken at Palomar Observatory in July 1954. On 1 February 1907, Mason–Dixon made a close approach to one of the larger asteroids, 52 Europa. At its closest, it passed Europa within 1.1 million kilometers.

## Naming

This minor planet was named by the discoverer in memory of English astronomers Charles Mason (1728–1786) and Jeremiah Dixon (1733–1779), who observed the 1761 transit of Venus from the Cape of Good Hope. Between 1763 and 1767 they surveyed the so-called Mason–Dixon line, the boundary between the US States of Pennsylvania and Maryland. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 22 June 1986 (M.P.C. 10847).

## Physical characteristics

The asteroid's spectral type has not been determined. Due its membership to the stony Koronis family, Mason–Dixon is likely a common S-type asteroid.$^{:23}$

### Rotation period

In January 2012, a rotational lightcurve of Mason–Dixon was obtained from photometric observations by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory in California. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 19.748±0.0537 hours with a high brightness variation of 0.70 magnitude (U=2), indicative of an elongated, non-spherical shape. Another fragmentary lightcurve by Maurice Clark at Preston Gott Observatory in September 2014 gave a less accurate period of 10.20 hours with an amplitude of 0.75 magnitude.

### Diameter and albedo

Assuming a typical albedo of 0.15 for members of the Koronis family,$^{:23}$ Mason–Dixon measures 14 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.00. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of a carbonaceous asteroid of 0.057 and consequently calculates a larger diameter of 18.6 kilometers.
# Aphonopelma prenticei

Aphonopelma prenticei is a species of spiders in the family Theraphosidae, found in United States (California, Nevada, Utah and Arizona).
# 2000–01 FC Utrecht season

The 2000–01 season was the 51st season in the history of FC Utrecht and the club's 31st consecutive season in the top flight of Dutch football. In addition to the domestic league, FC Utrecht participated in this season's editions of the KNVB Cup.

## Pre-season and friendlies

Win  Draw  Loss

## Competitions
### Overall record

| Competition | First match | Last match | Starting round | Final position | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record |
| Competition | First match | Last match | Starting round | Final position | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % |
| Eredivisie | 20 August 2000 | 27 May 2001 | Matchday 1 | 5th | 34 | 17 | 8 | 9 | 58 | 43 | +15 | 050.00 |
| KNVB Cup | 11 August 2000 | 26 January 2001 | Group stage | Round of 16 | 6 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 28 | 3 | +25 | 083.33 |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | Total | 40 | 22 | 8 | 10 | 86 | 46 | +40 | 055.00 |
Source: Competitions

### Eredivisie
#### League table

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 3 | Ajax | 34 | 18 | 7 | 9 | 85 | 43 | +42 | 61 | Qualification to Champions League third qualifying round |
| 4 | Roda JC Kerkrade | 34 | 17 | 8 | 9 | 59 | 41 | +18 | 59 | Qualification to UEFA Cup first round |
| 5 | Utrecht | 34 | 17 | 8 | 9 | 58 | 43 | +15 | 59 | Qualification to UEFA Cup first round |
| 6 | Vitesse | 34 | 16 | 11 | 7 | 56 | 43 | +13 | 59 | |
| 7 | RKC Waalwijk | 34 | 16 | 11 | 7 | 48 | 36 | +12 | 59 | Qualification to Intertoto Cup third round |
* ↑ FC Twente qualified for the UEFA Cup by winning the 2000–01 KNVB Cup.

#### Results summary

| Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Home | Home | Home | Home | Home | Home | Away | Away | Away | Away | Away | Away |
Source: Eredivisie

#### Results by round

| Round | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 |
| Ground | H | H | | A | H | A | A | A | H | H | A | H | A | A | H | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | A | H | A | H | A | A | H | A | H |
| Result | W | L | P | D | L | W | L | L | W | D | L | D | L | L | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | D | L | W | L | W | W | D | W | W | D | W | D | W |
| Position | 4 | 10 | | 13 | 15 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Fred Longden

Fred Longden (23 February 1894 – 5 October 1952) was a British Labour and Co-operative politician.
Born and brought up in Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire, and educated at elementary school, he began work aged 13 as a moulder-apprentice, joining the Moulders' Union in 1914. In the same year he was awarded a place at Ruskin College, Oxford. He also joined the Independent Labour Party and was elected to its National Council.
In the First World War he became active in the Union of Democratic Control, and was arrested for making a speech appealing for immediate peace negotiations. In 1916 he was offered the chance of exemption from military service on trade and health grounds, but preferred to take his stand as a conscientious objector. Refused exemption in that category, he was forcibly enlisted, and sentenced to two years imprisonment for disobeying an order; he then accepted the Home Office Scheme, and was transferred to Princetown Work Centre in the erstwhile Dartmoor Prison.
Fred Longden was elected Member of Parliament for Birmingham Deritend, 1929-1931 and 1945–1950, and then in 1950 for Birmingham Small Heath, which he retained until his death in 1952 aged 58.