# Da Qaidam

Da Qaidam is a county-level administrative zone in Haixi Prefecture in northwestern Qinghai province, China. It borders Gansu province to the north.

## Etymology

Da Qaidam is a combination of the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of 大 (dà), the Chinese word meaning "big" or "greater", and the Zangwen Pinyin romanization of the Tibetan name ཚྭ་འདམ (qaidam), meaning "salt marsh" and referencing the surrounding Qaidam Basin. The Mandarin pinyin romanization of the Chinese transcription of Qaidam is "Cháidàn".

## Administrative divisions

The area administered as Da Qaidam is divided into two towns. The seat of Da Qaidam's administration is Qaidam Town, which lies at an altitude of 3,174 m (10,413 ft) above sea level.
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Wylie | Mongolian (traditional script) | Mongolian (Cyrillic) | Administrative division code |
| Town ||||||||
| Qaidam Town | 柴旦镇 | Cháidàn Zhèn | ཚྭ་འདམ་གྲོང་བརྡལ། | tshwa 'dam grong brdal | ᠴᠠᠢᠳᠠᠮ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Цайдам балгас | 632857100 |
| Xitieshan Town | 锡铁山镇 | Xītiěshān Zhèn | ཞི་ཐོའི་རི་གྲོང་རྡལ། | zhi tho'i ri grong rdal | ᠬᠣᠷᠭᠣᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Хорголжин уул балгас | 632857101 |

## Geography and climate

Da Qaidam borders Delingha to the east, Lenghu to the west, Golmud across the Qarhan Playa to the south, and Jiuquan (Gansu) to the north, and is part of the northern Qaidam Basin.
Similar to neighbouring Golmud, Da Qaidam has an arid climate (Köppen BWk), with long, cold winters, and warm summers, although due to its location further north and elevation more than 350 metres (1,150 ft) higher than Golmud, its climate is also subalpine in nature. The monthly 24-hour average temperature drops to −13.4 °C (7.9 °F) in January and rises to 15.5 °C (60 °F) in July, while the annual mean is 1.88 °C (35.4 °F). Precipitation is very low, totaling only 83 mm (3.27 in) per annum, falling on 35 days, most of which are during the summer. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 65% in July to 82% in October, the area receives 3,257 hours of bright sunshine annually.
Climate data for Da Qaidam, elevation 3,173 m (10,410 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −3.2 (26.2) | 0.8 (33.4) | 5.6 (42.1) | 11.7 (53.1) | 16.2 (61.2) | 20.2 (68.4) | 22.9 (73.2) | 22.4 (72.3) | 17.5 (63.5) | 10.3 (50.5) | 3.5 (38.3) | −1.8 (28.8) | 10.5 (50.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −12.2 (10.0) | −7.6 (18.3) | −2.2 (28.0) | 4.1 (39.4) | 9.5 (49.1) | 13.9 (57.0) | 16.6 (61.9) | 15.7 (60.3) | 10.4 (50.7) | 2.3 (36.1) | −5.0 (23.0) | −10.7 (12.7) | 2.9 (37.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −19.8 (−3.6) | −15.3 (4.5) | −9.7 (14.5) | −3.6 (25.5) | 2.0 (35.6) | 7.3 (45.1) | 10.3 (50.5) | 9.2 (48.6) | 3.7 (38.7) | −5.0 (23.0) | −12.1 (10.2) | −17.8 (0.0) | −4.2 (24.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.6 (0.10) | 1.8 (0.07) | 3.5 (0.14) | 2.5 (0.10) | 10.3 (0.41) | 23.8 (0.94) | 27.5 (1.08) | 14.2 (0.56) | 8.1 (0.32) | 1.8 (0.07) | 1.4 (0.06) | 1.3 (0.05) | 98.8 (3.9) |
| Average snowy days | 3.5 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 19.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 43 | 34 | 29 | 27 | 31 | 38 | 41 | 38 | 36 | 32 | 36 | 41 | 36 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 231.8 | 227.1 | 271.3 | 293.1 | 309.7 | 285.2 | 283.0 | 283.7 | 265.5 | 280.1 | 242.0 | 228.5 | 3,201 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 75 | 74 | 72 | 74 | 70 | 65 | 64 | 68 | 72 | 82 | 81 | 77 | 73 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||

## Economy

As elsewhere in the Qaidam Basin, mining industries are of major importance in Da Qaidam. There is a lead mine in Xitieshan, the Xitieshan Lead Mine (锡铁山铅矿), as well as a number of salt lakes where potash and related products are extracted.

## Transportation

China National Highway 215 and China National Highway 315 pass through Da Qaidam and meet here. Yinmaxia railway station and Xitieshan railway station on the Qinghai–Tibet Railway are both located within Da Qaidam.