OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Custos Rotulorum of Somerset

This is a list of people who have served as Custos Rotulorum of Somerset.
* Sir William Portman bef. 1554–1557
* Sir Hugh Paulet bef. 1558–1573
* Sir Amias Paulet bef. 1577–1588
* Sir John Popham bef. 1594–1607
* Sir Edward Phelips 1608–1614
* James Ley, 1st Baron Ley bef. 1621–1625
* Henry Ley, 2nd Earl of Marlborough 1625–1636
* John Coventry 1636–1646
* Interregnum
* William Seymour, 2nd Duke of Somerset 1660
* Charles Berkeley, 2nd Viscount Fitzhardinge 1660–1668
* Henry Somerset, 3rd Marquess of Worcester 1668–1672
* John Seymour, 4th Duke of Somerset 1672–1675
* Maurice Berkeley, 3rd Viscount Fitzhardinge 1675–1688
* Henry Waldegrave, 1st Baron Waldegrave 1688
* Maurice Berkeley, 3rd Viscount Fitzhardinge 1688–1690
* John Berkeley, 4th Viscount Fitzhardinge 1690–1712
* John Poulett, 1st Earl Poulett 1713–1714
* Charles Boyle, 4th Earl of Orrery 1714–1721
For later custodes rotulorum, see Lord Lieutenant of Somerset.
# Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nîmes

The Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nîmes (French pronunciation:) is the fine arts museum of Nîmes.

## Site

It was founded in 1821 and originally housed in the Maison Carrée. Since 1907 it has been housed in a building designed by the architect Max Raphel in Square de la Mandragore on rue de la Cité Foulc. The Maison Carrée soon became too small and an architectural competition was organised in 1902 for a new building. This was won by Max Raphel and work began in 1903, being completed in 1907. It was renovated by the architect Jean-Michel Wilmotte in 1987.

## Collections

The original collection was gathered from private collections in 1824 and was mainly made up of Roman antiquities, old master paintings and modern paintings. It was later enriched by legacies such as those of Robert Gower in 1869 and of Charles Tur in 1948 and gifts by professional and amateur artists. The collection now includes 3,600 works. In a lower 3-room gallery are Italian paintings by Jacopo Bassano (1515–1592), Lelio Orsi (1511–1587) and Andrea della Robbia (1435–1525) among others. In the seven rooms of the upper gallery are Flemish and Dutch paintings of the 16th and 17th centuries (Rubens, Carel Fabritius, Pieter Coecke van Aelst (1502–1550), Leonaert Bramer) and French paintings by Renaud Levieux, Jean-François de Troy, Pierre Subleyras and Paul Delaroche's Oliver Cromwell with the corpse of Charles I. They also house paintings by the Nîmes-born artists Charles-Joseph Natoire and Xavier Sigalon.
# Cuthy Mede

Cuthy Mede is a Malawian artist.

## Early life

Cuthy Mede was born to Malawian parents in Zimbabwe in 1949. He grew up on Likoma Island in Lake Malawi. Later, he studied Fine Arts at Chancellor College.

## Career

He worked as a lecturer in the 1970s at his alma mater. In the 1980s, Mede established Gallerie Africaine, the first art gallery by a local artist in Malawi. Mede exhibited his work in Lilongwe's City Centre, selling his work to international collectors.
Mede encouraged the work of young Malawian artists struggling to make a living as street traders selling folk art and wood carvings. He brought fine art work from other Malawian artists into his gallery. One commission was for a large mural decorating the City Centre.
Mede is best known for his modern art styles: modern, futurist, cubist, and pointillist, with strong local themes. His paintings depict local people, historic and current events in Malawi, Biblical references with local interpretations, indigenous religious expressions, and paintings about concepts such as Justice, Greed, Man and Machine.
# Curtitoma incisula

Curtitoma incisula is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 5.5 mm and 10.5 mm.
(Original description) The shell is small, sub-fusiform, too short ovate. It contains about five or six turreted, flattened whorls, which are angularly shouldered just below the suture. The subsutural band arises abruptly from the suture, nearly at right angles, and its surface is flat or slightly concave, marked by strongly recurved lines of growth, but mostly without spiral lines. The shoulder is often nearly right-angled. The whorls are decidedly flattened in the middle. There are on the body whorl, about twenty rather broad, flattened or rounded ribs, which are nearly straight, a little prominent and usually slightly nodose at the shoulder, but they disappear a short distance below it. They are separated by well excavated, concave grooves, deepest close to the shoulder. The most characteristic feature of the sculpture is that the surface is marked by rather fine, but regular and distinct, sharply incised, narrow, revolving grooves, which are rather distant, with flat intervals. Of these, there are usually about three to five on the penultimate whorl, and about twenty to twenty-eight on the body whorl, the greater number being below the middle, on the siphon, where they become coarser and closer, with narrower rounded intervals. One of the sulci, just below the shoulder, is usually more distinct, and cuts the ribs so as to give their upper ends a subnodulous appearance. Below this there is usually a rather wide zone, without grooves usually no revolving lines above the shoulder. The apex is usually eroded. When perfect it is acute. The protoconch has a very small and slightly prominent smooth apex. Its first whorl is marked with fine spiral lines. The next whorl has, at first, about three stronger, spiral, raised cinguli, which soon begin to be crossed by thin transverse riblets. The aperture measures about half the length of the shell. It is narrow ovate, or elliptical, angulated above. The siphonal canal is short, nearly straight, and a little narrowed at the base by an incurvature of the lip. The outer lip has a decided angle at the shoulder, below which the edge is well-rounded, and projects strongly forward, in the middle. The sinus, above the shoulder, is rather deep, wide, and evenly rounded within. The columella is strongly excavated in the middle, obliquely receding at the end. The shell is commonly greenish white and covered by a thin, close, greenish epidermis ; but some specimens are clear white, and rarely pinkish.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, Canada and the Gulf of Maine; found at depths between 20 m and 190 m.
# Music and Its Double

Music and Its Double is an album composed by John Zorn and featuring three contemporary compositions which were recorded in late 2011 and early 2012 in New York City and Finland, released on the Tzadik label in October 2012. The first track dedicated to composer György Ligeti, "À Rebours", was recorded at the Miller Theatre by cellist Fred Sherry and ensemble conducted by Brad Lubman. The four movements of "Ceremonial Magic" are 2012 studio recordings by David Fulmer and Kenny Wollesen and the final composition, "La Machine de L'Être" inspired by Antonin Artaud, was recorded by the Lahti Symphony Orchestra in 2011.

## Track listing

All compositions by John Zorn
* "À Rebours" - 11:12
* "Ceremonial Magic I" - 5:37
* "Ceremonial Magic II" - 4:07
* "Ceremonial Magic III" - 5:52
* "Ceremonial Magic IV" - 4:03
* "La Machine de L'Être: Tetème" - 4:10
* "La Machine de L'Être: Le Révélé" - 3:26
* "La Machine de L'Être: Entremêlés" - 4:04

## Personnel

Track 1:
* Fred Sherry - cello
* Jennifer Choi - violin
* David Fulmer - viola
* Mike Nicolas - cello
* June Han - harp
* Tara Helen O'Connor - flute
* Josh Rubin - clarinet
* Al Lipowski, Joe Pereira, William Winant - percussion
* Brad Lubman - conductor
Tracks 2-5:
* David Fulmer - violin
* Kenny Wollesen - drums
Tracks 6-8:
* Anu Komsi - soprano
* Lahti Symphony Orchestra conducted by Sakari Oramo
# Cwm Clydach National Nature Reserve

Cwm Clydach National Nature Reserve is a 24.8 hectares (61 acres) area of steeply sloping valley-side on Clydach Gorge, 2 miles (3.2 km) east of Brynmawr, southeast Wales. It is protected for its ancient semi-natural beech woods, designated by the Nature Conservancy Council (now managed by its successor authority Natural Resources Wales).
The reserve is a part of the Cwm Clydach site of special scientific interest (SSSI) and of the Cwm Clydach Woodlands/Coedydd Cwm Clydach special area of conservation (SAC).
There is good public access to much of the reserve through a network of public footpaths, a section of the national cycleway and by public roads. Interpretive panels at access points to the reserve provide maps of the reserve and information.

## Flora

The dense foliage of the beech canopy results in a rather minimal ground flora but species like bird's nest orchid are found amongst the leaf litter. The high humidity of the more sheltered parts of the gorge encourage the growth of ferns, mosses and other lower plants including the lichen, Stricta sylvatica and the hay-scented buckler fern.

## Fauna

Woodland birds in the reserve include nuthatch and both the green woodpecker and greater spotted woodpecker. Birds of prey include sparrowhawk, kestrel and tawny owl.
# Curse of the Deserted

Curse of the Deserted is a 2010 Chinese horror film directed by Law Chi-leung and written by Cheung Chi-Kwong and Cai Jun, and starring Shawn Yue, Zhang Yuqi, Fu Miao, and Yue Xiaojun. The film is an adaptation of Cai Jun's novel of the same name.

## Cast

* Shawn Yue as Guo Jing, a Chinese novelist, Xiaozhi's boyfriend.
* Zhang Yuqi as Ouyang Xiaozhi/ Huang Xiaozhi, Guo Jing's girlfriend.
* Fu Miao as A teacher, Sun Zichu's girlfriend.
* Yue Xiaojun as Sun Zichu, a scientist.

### Other

* Liu Shuhan as Han Xiaofeng.
* Qin Zihan as Chun Yu.
* Dai Xu as Su Tianping.
* Li Zefeng as Huo Qiang.
* Hai Yitian as Ye Xiao.
* Shi Liuyi as Yan Zhi.
* Wu Xiaoliang
* Zhu Nuolin

## Production

This film was shot in Tianjin, including Taida Library, Sadajie, and Binhai New Area.

## Release

The film premiered in Beijing on 12 August 2010 and was released in China on 13 August 2010.
# Charles VIII of France (play)

Charles VIII of France also known by the longer title The History Of Charles The Eighth Of France; Or, The Invasion Of Naples Of The French is a 1671 tragedy by the English writer John Crowne. It is based on the reign of Charles VIII of France and particularly his Italian War of the 1490s.
It was first performed at the Dorset Garden Theatre by the Duke's Company with a cast that included Thomas Betterton as Charles the Eighth, Matthew Medbourne as Alphonso, Henry Harris as Ferdinand, William Smith as Prince of Salerne, John Young as Ascanio, Samuel Sandford as Trivultio, Philip Cademan as Ghost, John Crosby as Lewis, Henry Norris as Mompensier, Mary Betterton as Isabella, Margaret Osborne as Cornelia, Elinor Dixon as Julia and Anne Shadwell as Irene.
# Murex brevispina

Murex brevispina, also known as the Short-spined murex, is a species of large predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the rock snails or murex snails.

## Subspecies

* Murex brevispina brevispina Lamarck, 1822
* Murex brevispina macgillivrayi Dohrn, 1862
* Murex brevispina ornamentalis Ponder & E. H. Vokes, 1988
* Murex brevispina senilis Jousseaume, 1874
* Murex brevispina toliaraensis Bozzetti, 2020
* Murex brevispina albus Bozzetti, 2020: synonym of Murex brevispina toliaraensis Bozzetti, 2020 (invalid: junior homonym of Murex craticulatus var. albus Scacchi, 1836; M. brevispina toliaraensis is a replacement name)
# Murex coppingeri

Murex coppingeri is a species of large predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the rock snails or murex snails.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Arafura Sea.
# Museum of Popular Arts and Traditions of Le Kef

36°10′58″N 8°42′55″E﻿ / ﻿36.182800°N 8.715300°E﻿ / 36.182800; 8.715300
The Museum of popular arts and traditions of Le Kef (Arabic: متحف الفنون والتقاليد الشعبية بالكاف ; French: Musée des Arts et Traditions populaires du Kef) is a Tunisian ethnographic museum located in the city of El Kef. The museum is dedicated to displaying various artifacts and historical objects that were used by various tribes that inhabited Tunisia. The museum is housed in an 18th century Sufi complex.

## History

The museum is located in the old zawiya of Sidi Ben Aïssa. The building where the museum is located was built in 1784, this building served as the headquarters of the brotherhood of Rahmania. This building is a social and religious complex. The museum was inaugurated in 1970 and contains collections of handicrafts and ethnographic objects.
In 2015, 533 people were reported to have visited the museum in that year. In 2017, following the renovation of parts of the Ghriba Synagogue in the city of Kef, real estate and objects such as books and manuscripts were temporarily moved from the synagogue to the museum. In 2019, René Trabelsi, Tunisia's Minister of Tourism and Handicrafts, visited the museum and spoke about the organization of cultural events in the city.

## Collections

The museum has collections of various ethnographic and anthropological objects: and artifacts such as utensils, ceramics, traditional clothing and handicrafts. The museum contains exhibits about the life of the nomads and the characteristics of Tunisian cities. Part of the museum complex includes a traditional house, whose rooms have been transformed to display exhibits about Tunisian industry. The museum also contains Islamic sundials. The museum's nomadic exhibits include teapots, rugs, large tents and chests. The museum is divided into 4 rooms
* Room 1: This room contains displays of ceremonial costumes and jewelry.
* Room 2: This room contains historical artifacts used by nomadic tribes in activities such as agriculture.
* Room 3: This room contains bee smokers.
* Room 4: This room contains various artifacts such as clothing and ancient weapons.

## Gallery

* Islamic sundial in the museum courtyard
* Nomadic tent on display in the second room.
* Blacksmith's instruments
* Mihrab of the second room
# Cyril May

Cyril May (born 1929) is an Australian country music singer and songwriter who often performs with Mexican-American singer-songwriter, Jack McDonald.

## Biography

Cyril May was born in 1929 and was raised on a farm on Hellhole Creek Road, near Kergunyah, Victoria. He was one of five children. When 15 he would cycle 60 miles (97 km) to and from Albury where he participated in the weekly Air League parade as a cadet. He aspired to be a jockey. May's philosophy of life is reflected in the words and music he has been writing for more than 40 years. As a young man May left Australia to work his way through the South Sea Islands and Canada. He finally settled down in Long Beach, California with his American wife, Dorothy "Dottie" Frazier (née Reider, born 1921), who contributes harmony to many of May's songs.
May's lyrics tell of his personal search for gold, feeling the freedom of hang-gliding, the purr of his motorcycle on the open road and his never ending love of Australia. In the early 1970s May's surfboard washed him onto the beaches of San Blas, Mexico where he met McDonald and introduced him to western style music. The two have since collaborated on several albums, with May performing vocals and guitar, and McDonald contributing various musical arrangements. McDonald, who now lives in Australia, collaborates long-distance with May, and the duo have recorded at least three albums together.
May's first album, Off the Beaten Track, features the hit single "Gold Fever," which was used in the 1999 movie remake of Dudley Do-Right and played as a lead-in to the American Outdoor Channel television show, "Gold Fever".

## Discography

* The Great Australian Salute (by Cyril May and Jack McDonald) (1981) Larrikin Records (LRB-088)
# Cyanea hamatiflora

Cyanea hamatiflora is a rare species of flowering plant in the bellflower family known by the common name wetforest cyanea. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known from the islands of Maui and Hawaii, and there are probably fewer than 250 plants remaining in total. It is a federally listed endangered species. Like other Cyanea it is known as haha in Hawaiian.
There are two subspecies of this species. The more abundant, ssp. hamatiflora, is native to Maui, where there are no more than 250 individuals left and the population is dropping by at least 25% per generation. The rare ssp. carlsonii is now limited to 3 or 4 plants; other subpopulations and all seedlings planted in the habitat are thought to be gone.
This Hawaiian lobelioid is a rainforest shrub which is palm-like in appearance. Threats to the species include degradation of the habitat and damage to plants by feral pigs, goats, cattle, rats, slugs, and exotic plant species such as selfheal (Prunella vulgaris), Kahili ginger (Hedychium gardnerianum), and velvet tree (Miconia calvescens). Other threats include landslides and an unidentified insect that damages the fruit.
# Cymbula oculus

Cymbula oculus is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Patellidae, one of the families of true limpets.

## Description

The shell is low, and a dull brown on the outside. It has about 10 major ribs. The margin of the interior is broad and black, with a light pinkish brown centre. Juveniles are yellow with iridescent green flecks. Attains up to 100mm length.

## Distribution

South coast of South Africa.

## Habitat

Inhabits the rocky mid-shore zone.

## Biology

Protandrous hermaphrodite, changing to female at about 2 to 3 years. Consumes algae, and large individuals defend themselves by clamping down their shell edges on the predators. Commensal flatworm Notoplana patellarum lives in the gill cavity under the shell. Harvested for food in the Transkei (Eastern Cape).
# Cylindera terricola

Cylindera terricola, the variable tiger beetle, is a species of flashy tiger beetle in the family Cicindelidae. It is found in North America.

## Subspecies

These six subspecies belong to the species Cylindera terricola:
* Cylindera terricola cinctipennis (LeConte, 1846)
* Cylindera terricola continua (Knaus, 1923) (interior tiger beetle)
* Cylindera terricola imperfecta (LeConte, 1851)
* Cylindera terricola kaibabensis (W. N. Johnson, 1990)
* Cylindera terricola susanagreae (Kippenhan, 2007) (Susan's tiger beetle)
* Cylindera terricola terricola (Say, 1824)
# Musaeum Hermeticum

Musaeum Hermeticum ("Hermetic library") is a compendium of alchemical texts first published in German, in Frankfurt, 1625 by Lucas Jennis. Additional material was added for the 1678 Latin edition, which in turn was reprinted in 1749.

## Purpose

Its purpose was apparently to supply in a compact form a representative collection of relatively brief and less ancient alchemical writings; it could be regarded as a supplement to those large storehouses of Hermetic learning such as the Theatrum Chemicum, or Jean-Jacques Manget's Bibliotheca Chemica Curiosa. It seemed to represent a distinctive school in Alchemy, less committed to the past and less obscure than the works of older and more traditional alchemical masters.

## Title

The full Latin title is: "Musæum Hermeticum, omnes sopho-spagyricæ artis discipulos fidelissime erudiens, quo pacto summa illa veraque Medicina, qua res omne, qualemcumque defectum patientes, instaurari possunt (quæ alias Benedictus Lapis Sapientum appellatur) inveniri ac haberi queat inveniri ac haberi queat. Continens tractatus chymicos novem præatantissimos, quorum nomina et seriem versa pagella indicabit. In gratiam filiorum doctrinæ, quibus Germanicum Idioma ignotum, in Latinum conversum ac juris publici factum. Jennis"

## Content
### First edition (1625)

The first edition contained:
   * The Remonstrances of Nature ascribed to Jean de Meung
   * The Twelve Keys of Basil Valentine
   * Subtle Allegory (Michael Maier)
   * Three Treatise of Philalethes
   * The Book of Alze
   * Open Entrance to the Closed Palace - Philalethes
   * A Tract of Great Price
   * The Only True Way
   * The Testament of Cremer
   * The Glory of the World
   * The Waterstone of the Wise
   * The Golden Tract concerning the Philosopher's Stone
The illustrated book contains 445 + 35 pages.

### 1678 edition

The 1678 edition is 863 pages long, and includes:
* Aureus tractatus de philosophorum lapide
* Aureum seculum redivivum
* Hydrolithus sophicus
* Aquarium sapientum
* Demonstratio naturae, quam errantibus chymicis facit
* Via veritatis unicae
* Elegans, perutile et praestans opusculum, viam veritatis aperiens
* Gloria mundi, aliâs, paradysi tabula
* Vera priscae scientiae descriptio
* De lapide philosophico tractatus eximius
* Lambsprinck nobilis germani philosophi antiqui libellus De lapide philosophico
* De lapide philosophico
* Tripus Aureus
* Tres tractatus chymici selectissimi
* Basilii Valentini, benedictini ordinis monachi, Germani, practica una cum 12. clavibus et appendice
* Practica cum duodecim clavibus et appendice, de magno lapide antiquorum sapientum
* Testamentum cremeri, abbatis westmonasteriensis, angli, ordinis benedictine
* Novum lumen chemicum, e naturae fonte et manuali experientia depromptum
* Introitus apertus, ad occlusum regis palatium
* Subtilis allegoria super secreta chymiae perspicuae utilitatis et iucundae meditationis
* Philalethae tractatus tres
* Metallorum metamorphosis
* Brevis manuductio ad rubinum coelestum
* Fons chymicae veritatis
* Vitulus aureus
# Chatignonville

Chatignonville (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France.
Inhabitants of Chatignonville are known as Chatignonvillois.
# Muthukrishnaperi

Muthukrishnaperi is a village in the Tenkasi district of Tamil Nadu, India. State highway 39B passes through the village, continuing north to the town of Surandai and south to join state highway 39 between Alangulam and Pavoorchatram.

## History

On 12 June 1899 it was Muthukrishnaperi's turn to witness a serious disturbance, after several villages in the area had been the subject of dacoities and rioting. A local Village Magistrate was later charged with instigating the action against Muthukrishnaperi's Shanar residents, whose homes were set on fire and looted. About 300 persons were involved. Muthukrishnaperi along with other local villages in Tenkasi Taluk was made the subject of a temporary police presence until the disturbances were quelled. The Village Magistrate was sentenced to six years' "rigorous imprisonment".

## Facilities

Hindu High School, Muthukrishnaperi was founded as a primary school in 1940, upgraded to a Middle School in 1987 and acquired its current status in 2012. The village has one government aided child care center and one High school named Hindu Middle school providing education from 1st to 10th standard.
# Culpeper

Culpeper or Culpepper may refer to:

## People

* Culpeper (surname), a list of people with the surname Culpeper, Culpepper or Colepeper

## Places

* Culpeper, Virginia, United States, a city
** Culpeper station, a railroad station
** Culpeper Historic District
* Culpeper County, Virginia, United States
** Culpeper National Cemetery
** Culpeper Regional Airport
* Culpeper Basin, New Jersey, United States
* Culpepper Island, a small uninhabited isle off the coast of Barbados, West Indies
* Culpepper Island (Galápagos), other name of Darwin Island in the Galapagos, Ecuador

## Other uses

* Culpepper (horse), an American Thoroughbred racehorse, winner of the 1874 Preakness Stakes
* Culpeper baronets, two extinct titles in the Baronetage of England