OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Diccionario panhispánico de dudas

The Diccionario Panhispánico de dudas (DPD; English: Pan-Hispanic Dictionary of Doubts) is an elaborate work undertaken by the Royal Spanish Academy and the Association of Academies of the Spanish Language with the goal of resolving questions related to the proper use of the Spanish language. Like other publications of the academy, such as the Diccionario de la lengua española, the work follows a linguistically prescriptive philosophy as opposed to a descriptive one. The first edition was published in 2005 and is now being revised to more properly align with principles set forth by the academy's other publications.
The project was begun in response to the 50,000 questions received yearly by the constituent members of the Association of Spanish Language Academies.
It is composed of:
* The dictionary itself,
* A set of five appendices covering conjugation of verbs, abbreviations, symbols that can be ordered alphabetically, other symbols, and demonyms,
* A glossary of linguistic terminology,
* And a list of works cited.
# Asia First

The Asia First strategy was pushed for in the early 1950s by the powerful China Lobby of the Republican Party in the United States.
The Asia First strategy called for the future concentration of American resources in the Far East, in a similar way to the Marshall Plan and the Truman Doctrine in Europe, to fight against the encroaching spread of Soviet communism.
The policy was suggested in a period of great anxiety in the US as Cold War tensions were heightened following the Korean War (1950–53) and the 1949 communist takeover in the Republic of China after the Chinese Civil War. These tensions put great pressure on President Truman to adopt this policy, but ultimately he rejected it fearing that it would pin the US down in the Far East dealing with a secondary enemy, the People's Republic of China, while his real concern, the Soviet Union, would have a free hand in Europe.
Truman, however, made some attempts to strengthen the American position in the Far East but not at the expense of Europe. In 1950, the US promised military assistance to the French in the struggle against the Viet Minh in the First Indochina War. Pressured by the Japan lobby, the US ended its purge policy against suspected war criminals and terminated its program to break up Japanese industrial conglomerates, in a policy shift known as the reverse course. In addition, in 1951, the United States signed a Security Treaty with Japan allowing US troops to remain stationed at Okinawa and tying Japan to the US. Also in the period 1950–51, US reinforcements were sent to South Korea to strengthen the US military position there. In this period the US navy was also steamed into the Formosa Strait as a deterrent to prevent conflict between the Chinese nationalists who had escaped to the island of Formosa (Taiwan) and the Chinese communists in mainland China.
# Charlotte Hook

Charlotte Hook (born January 29, 2004, in Cary, North Carolina) is an American swimmer.

## Career

She competed in the women's 200 metre butterfly event at the 2021 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m) in Abu Dhabi, winning the silver medal.
# Ophidion

Ophidion may refer to:
* Ophidion (plant), a genus of orchids
* Ophidion (fish), a genus of cusk-eels
# Autonomy (disambiguation)

Autonomy is the capacity of a rational individual to make an informed, un-coerced decision; or, in politics, self-government.
Autonomy may also refer to:
* Autonomy, a 1919 play by Philip Barry
* Autonomy (Eastern Orthodoxy), the status of a hierarchical church
* Autonomy (novel), a 2009 Doctor Who novel by Daniel Blythe
* HP Autonomy, previously Autonomy Corporation, a defunct enterprise software company owned by Hewlett-Packard
* The Autonomy, a 2009 political coalition in Italy

## Music

* Autonomy (album), by Kekal, 2012
* Autonomy (Drenge EP), 2018
* Autonomy, an EP by Zedd, 2011
* "Autonomy", a song by the Buzzcocks from Another Music in a Different Kitchen, 1978
# Hypopyra villicosta

Hypopyra villicosta is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in the Philippines (Mindanao).
# Ryde Manor

Ryde Manor (also La Rye, le Rythe, Ride) is a manor house in Ryde on the Isle of Wight, situated within the Newchurch parish. It was historically linked with Ashey Manor.

## History

Ryde was parcel of Ashey Manor, and seems to have formed the portion of John the youngest son of Giles Worsley. Ryde Manor was awarded to Sir Robert Worsley in 1563, and in 1565 he sold to Anthony Dillington an estate which at the time of the death of Anthony's son Sir Robert Dillington in 1604 is called 'the manors of Ashley and Ryde.' Sir Robert was succeeded by his nephew Robert, and with the Dillington family the manor remained till Sir John Dillington in 1705 sold it to Henry Player of Alverstoke. The Player family seem to have held courts unchallenged by the Edgcumbes. Considerable friction arose between the Bettesworths and the Players as to shore rights, which in 1811 were adjudged to belong to Mrs. Bettesworth. By the middle of the century the Players, who seem from the first to have attempted encroachments on the manorial rights of Ashey, had acquired that manor, which since 1588 had always been called in Court Rolls the manor of Ashey and Ryde. Thus the ancient manor was again united under one owner. The lord of the manor of Ashey and Ryde, William Player Brigstocke, lived at Ryde House as of 1912.
# ODC internal ribosome entry site (IRES)

In molecular biology, the ODC internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an RNA element present in the 5′ UTR of the mRNA encoding ornithine decarboxylase. It has been suggested that this IRES allows cap-independent translation of ornithine decarboxylase at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, however there is some doubt about this. Translation from this IRES is activated by the zinc finger protein ZNF9 and by Poly(rC)-binding protein 2 (PCBP2). It is also activated in Ras-transformed cells.
# Diane Elam

Diane Michelle Elam (born April 17, 1958) is an American feminist writer, the author of Feminism and Deconstruction: Ms. en Abyme (1994), Romancing the Postmodern (1992), and co-editor (with Robyn Wiegman) of Feminism Beside Itself (1995).
A recurrent theme in her work is an argument against the possibility of a complete and definitive representation of women.

## Life

Elam was born on April 17, 1958, in Riverside, California. She is the daughter of father, Douglas Bradley, and mother, Leslie J. (Parman) Elam.
Elam attended to Kenyon College in 1980, graduated from Brown University with a Master of Arts in 1984, and received her Doctor of Philosophy from Brown as well in 1988. Elam was also professor of English literature and critical and cultural theory at Cardiff University in Wales, at Indiana University in Bloomington in the 1990s, and at Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania. Before his death in an airplane crash in 1994, she was married to fellow academic Bill Readings, a professor of Comparative Literature at the Université de Montréal.

## Works

* Diane Elam; Robyn Wiegman, Feminism beside itself New York; London : Routledge, 1995. ISBN 9780415910415
* Romancing the postmodern, London; New York : Routledge, 1992. ISBN 9780415079877
* Feminism and deconstruction : Ms. en abyme, London; New York : Routledge, 1994. ISBN 9780415091664
# Die Zeit (Prague)

Die Zeit ('The Time') was a German language daily newspaper published in Prague, Czechoslovakia from 1935 to 1938. The newspaper was the central organ of the Sudeten German Party (SdP). The first issue came out on 1 October 1935. Die Zeit took over the role as the central party organ from the weekly Rundschau. Walter Brand was the editor-in-chief of Die Zeit.
The newspaper received funds from Germany. 250,000 Reichsmark were transferred for the launch of Die Zeit, followed by a monthly subsidy of 10,000 Reichsmarks.
Die Zeit had an illustrated supplement, Zeitspiegel ('Mirror of Time').
As of 1937/1938 SdP re-organized its party press. All small publishing companies were merged in two central publishing companies. On 1 January 1938 Die Zeit, Zeitspiegel and Rundschau came under the management of the publishing company "Pressa-Gesellschaft m. b. H., Herausgabe und Verkauf von Zeitungen und Zeitschriften", at Hybernska Street 4, Prague II. On 1 April 1938 the weekly Die Zeit am Montag ('The Time on Monday') was added to the publications issued by the same company.
The SdP shut down its Prague HQ and Die Zeit on 14 September 1938. The suspension of publishing of Die Zeit was supposedly 'temporary'.
On 4 October 1938 Die Zeit re-appeared, being published from Dresden, Germany. Once the Reichsgau Sudetenland had been established, Die Zeit became the official NSDAP daily for Sudetenland. The publishing was shifted to Reichenberg. Die Zeit was issued by R.S. Gauverlag Sudetenland G.m.b.H. between 1939 and 1945. Publication continued at least until February 1945.
# Association of Communist Workers

The Association of Communist Workers was an anti-revisionist political party in the United Kingdom.
It originated in 1969 as a split from the Revolutionary Marxist-Leninist League around Harpal Brar, together with his close comrades Kathy Sharp, Ella Rule, Iris Cremer and Godfrey Cremer. Prominent Marxists Ranjeet Brar and Joti Brar were also members of this organisation and also Carlos Martinez. Initially regarded as Maoist, it spent time working in the women's movement through its "Union of Women for Liberation". Through Brar, the group was closely linked with the Indian Workers Association, the Association of Indian Communists and the Stalin Society.
The group increasingly moved from Maoism to anti-revisionism, and in 1997 they officially dissolved the ACW and joined the Socialist Labour Party (SLP). When many of them left the SLP in 2004, they founded the Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist). The CPGB-ML was the founder of the broad electoral front of the Workers Party, together with George Galloway in 2019. The organisations formally separated, however in 2021.
# Sanyantang

Sanyantang Town (simplified Chinese: 三眼塘镇; traditional Chinese: 三眼塘鎮; pinyin: Sānyǎntáng zhèn) is an urban town in Yuanjiang, Yiyang, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.

## Administrative division

The town is divided into 17 villages and one community, the following areas: Haishang Community, Shiliping Village, Huangmaoxin Village, Sanyantang Village, Huangjiahu Village, Dongxing Village, Yongjian Village, Hehua Village, Haojianghu Village, Yangmeishan Village, Lianzitang Village, Jionglongshan Village, Chitang Village, Xianfeng Village, Longjia Village, Jiaoshanzui Village, Nanzhushan Village, and Yanzhihu Village (海上社区、十里坪村、黄茅新村、三眼塘村、黄家湖村、洞兴村、永建村、荷花村、浩江湖村、杨梅山村、莲子塘村、廻龙山村、赤塘村、先锋村、龙浃村、焦山嘴村、南竹山村、胭脂湖村).
# Bring On the Girls!

Bring on the Girls! is a semi-autobiographical collaboration between P. G. Wodehouse and Guy Bolton, first published in the United States on 5 October 1953 by Simon & Schuster, Inc., New York, and in the United Kingdom on 21 May 1954 by Herbert Jenkins, London.
Subtitled "The Improbable Story of Our Life in Musical Comedy, With Pictures To Prove It", it takes the form of a series of partly fictionalised, partly apocryphal stories centred on the world of Broadway, where both Wodehouse and Bolton had worked successfully as lyricists, collaborating with the likes of composer Jerome Kern. It features anecdotes about the larger-than-life characters who dominated Broadway between 1915 and 1930, but the biographer Frances Donaldson writes that it is to be read as entertainment rather than history: "Guy, having once invented an anecdote, told it so often that it was impossible to know whether in the end he believed it or not."
The title of the book refers to adding a chorus ensemble to a dull scene in a musical comedy in order to improve the scene, which, according to the book, is "the panacea that never fails". As stated in the book's opening pages:
   Actors might walk through their parts, singers save their voices, but the personnel of the ensemble never failed to go all out, full of pep, energy and the will to win. A hundred shows have been pushed by them over the thin line that divides the floperoo from the socko. It is for this reason that Bolton (Guy) and Wodehouse (P.G.), looking back over their years of toil in the musical comedy salt mines, raise their glasses and without hesitation or heel taps drink this toast: "To the Girls!" And they feel that the least they can do in gratitude for all their hard work is to honor them in the title of this book.

## References and sources
### References

* ↑ McIlvaine, E., Sherby, L.S. and Heineman, J.H. (1990) P. G. Wodehouse: A comprehensive bibliography and checklist. New York: James H. Heineman, pp. 88–89. ISBN 087008125X
* ↑ Donaldson, p. 12
* ↑ Wodehouse & Bolton (1984) [1953], Bring On the Girls!, chapter 1, pp. 1–2.

### Sources

* Donaldson, Frances (1983). P. G. Wodehouse – The Authorized Biography. London: Futura. ISBN 0-7088-2356-4.
* Wodehouse, P. G.; Bolton, Guy (1984) [1953]. Bring on the Girls!: The Improbable Story of Our Life in Musical Comedy, With Pictures to Prove It (Reprinted ed.). New York: Limelight Editions. ISBN 0-87910-011-7.
# Deborah Willis

Deborah Willis may refer to:
* Deborah Willis (academic), New Zealand professor of education
* Deborah Willis (artist) (born 1948), American artist, photographer and educator
* Deborah Willis (author) (born 1982), Canadian short story writer
# Ausanpur

Ausanpur is a village in Pindra Tehsil of Varanasi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The village has gram panchayat by the same name as the village. The village is about 16 kilometers North-West of Varanasi city, 320 kilometers South-East of state capital Lucknow and 796 kilometers South-East of the national capital Delhi. The village is situated on the banks of River Varuna. The famous Panchkoshi Road lies on the North side of the village.

## Demography

Ausanpur has a total population of 3,077 people amongst 478 families. Sex ratio of Ausanpur is 950 and child sex ratio is 980. Uttar Pradesh state average for both ratios is 912 and 902 respectively.
| Details | Male | Female | Total | Comments |
| Number of houses | - | - | 478 | (census 2011) |
| Adult | 1,134 | 1,260 | 2,594 | (census 2011) |
| Children (0–6 years) | 244 | 239 | 483 | (census 2011) |
| Total population | 1,578 | 1,499 | 3,077 | (census 2011) |
| Literacy | 84.71% | 65.08% | 75.17% | (census 2011) |

## Transportation

Ausanpur can be accessed by road and does not have a railway station of its own. The closest railway station to Ausanpur is the Varanasi Railway Station, 17 kilometres South-East. The nearest operational airports are Varanasi airport (12 kilometres North) and Allahabad Airports (135 kilometres West).
# Marguerite Redman Dorgeloh

Marguerite Redman Dorgeloh (1890–1944) was an American printmaker. She took part in the Works Progress Administration's Federal Art Project.
Born on December 14, 1890, in Watsonville, California, Dorgeloh studied at the California School of Fine Arts and the State Teachers College at San Jose. She went on to work for the San Francisco Fine Arts Project of the Works Progress Administration (WPA).
Dorgeloh died by suicide on March 18, 1944, in Pasadena, California.

## Collections

* Smithsonian American Art Museum
* Metropolitan Museum of Art
* Smart Museum of Art, Chicago
* Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco
* National Gallery of Art, Washington
* Newark Museum of Art
* Philadelphia Museum of Art
* Ackland Art Museum
* Baltimore Museum of Art
* University of Arizona Museum of Art

## Gallery

* Danish Church, San Francisco, ca. 1935–43
* House and Garden, ca. 1935–43
* Pacific Cable Car, San Francisco, ca. 1935–43
* Van Ness Mansion, n.d., lithograph, Smithsonian American Art Museum
# Russian 2019 fake news laws

The Russian 2019 fake news laws is a group of 2 federal laws, adopted by State Duma on 7 March 2019, approved by Federation Council on 13 March 2019, signed by President of Russia on 18 March 2019, allowing the Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media to extrajudicially block access to online media publishing information, considered "unreliable" by Russian authorities (Law No.31-FZ), and establishing the punishment for such dissemination (Law No.27-FZ). The laws entered into force on 29 March 2019. These laws are the first in the series of Russian fake news laws.

## Overview

The Federal Law of 18 March 2019 No.31-FZ prohibits the dissemination of an "unreliable information" endangering life and/or health of individuals, and/or property, creating the risk of massive violation of public order and/or public security, or the risk of interference with the functioning of vital, transport, social infrastructure, power, industrial and communication facilities, banks and other financial institutions.
The Federal Law of 18 March 2019 No.27-FZ supplemented the article 13.15 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses with parts 9, 10 and 11 providing huge administrative fines for natural persons and juridical persons for the dissemination of "unreliable information".
According to aforementioned laws, an online media is obliged to remove from its website the information designated as "unreliable" by Roskomnadzor immediately after receiving the relevant notification. In the case of non-compliance with the obligation, Roskomnadzor blocks access to the media's website. Administrative responsibility is incurred even in the case of compliance with the obligation.

## Application of law

The first case of dissemination of "unreliable information" was opened in April 2019 against Arkhangelsk's resident Elena Kalinina.
The first persons who were convicted under the Fake News Law are Publishing House "Moment Istiny" and its editor-in-chief Evgeniy Gneushev. The district court overturned the judgement against Publishing House "Moment Istiny" and set the case for a new consideration, but magistrate court imposed a fine again.

## Reaction

The Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights opposed the bill.
On 12 March 2019, many journalists and human rights defenders stated that the bill would establish the government censorship which is prohibited by the Constitution of Russia. They called this law grave abuse by officials, cynical denial of constitutional rights, state repressions against journalist community.
# Damped machining tools

Damped machining tools refer to a series of machining tool which are damped to suppress severe vibrations during machining process. The damping method includes both active damping method and passive damping tool.
The active damping tools utilize a compensating force to the vibrating object in the reversed vibrating direction. Normally, piezoelectric devices are the common apparatus for researchers when developing active damping tools.
The passive damping tools can be divided into constrained layer damping tools and tuned mass dampers. The tuned mass dampers transmit the vibration energy to an extra unit on the structure and maintain the unit under focus to be stable. One typical example is the SilentTools provided by Sandvik Coromant in Sweden.

## Development

The technology is developed by researchers in Norway. The constrained layer damping tools usually apply high damping material in the tool end's clamping interface, at specific areas where vibration strain energy concentrates. Typical examples refer to Mircona AB's product series Zero Vibration Tooling developed by the research group led by Cornel-Mihai Nicolescu, in Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden. Lorenzo Daghini, a PhD student of Prof. Cornel-Mihai Nicolescu participated mainly in the development process and finished his PhD thesis along with the development process.
# Nimoreni

Nimoreni is a village in Ialoveni District, Moldova.

## Notable people

* Gurie Grosu
# Association de sauvegarde de la médina de Tunis

The Association de sauvegarde de la médina de Tunis (Association for the protection of the medina of Tunis) was established in 1967 to conserve the Medina quarter in the old heart of Tunis. Its mission is "to strive for the conservation and protection of the overall traditional urban form of the Medina, its historical structures with all its distinctive elements and cultural heritage, and to take actions to ensure its preservation and enhancement."
Its current president (2015) is the city's former mayor, Abbès Mohsen.

## History

The Association was founded in June 1967 by Hassib Ben Ammar who at the time was both the mayor and the regional governor in Tunis. It was born of a belated realization that the historic Medina, despite being a bedrock of local identity, was insufficiently valued, and was threatened by physical degradation or even disappearing. Ben Ammar himself served as president of The Association for two years, until 1969.
The association is financed by the municipality. Since 1968 its offices have been in the Dar Lasram, a small palace in the Medina itself which the municipality purchased in 1964.

## Association presidents since 1967

* 1967-1969 : Hassib Ben Ammar
* 1969-1973 : Fouad Mebazaa
* 1973-1975 : Ezzeddine Abassi [fr]
* 1975-1978 : Hassen Memmi
* 1978-1980 : Salah Aouij
* 1980-1986 : Zakaria Ben Mustapha
* 1986-1988 : Mohamed Ali Bouleymane
* 1988-1990 : Ahmed Belkhodja
* 1990-2000 : Mohamed Ali Bouleymane
* 2000–present : Abbès Mohsen
# Sanyangzhuang

Sanyangzhuang (Chinese: 三杨庄) is an archaeological site in Henan Province, China.
The Han dynasty village of Sanyangzhuang was buried by a flood of the Yellow River 2,000 years ago.
This site is extraordinarily well-preserved, and provides important information for the research on the basic social structure of the Han dynasty, revealing information on how and where the lower class worked and lived. The site is particularly rich in information on the farming system and land distribution system. The discovery of preserved mulberry leaves and copper coins suggests early involvement with trade along the Silk Road.
The site was discovered by archaeologists in 2003. Research at Sanyangzhuang is being conducted by scholars from Washington University in St. Louis, the Henan Provincial Archaeological Institute, and the College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University.