OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Anthony Young (musician)

Anthony Young (January 1683 – 8 May 1747) was an English organist and composer. He was part of a well-known English family of musicians that included several professional singers and organists during the 17th and 18th centuries.

## Biography

Anthony Young was born sometime during January 1683 in the Covent Garden area of London and was baptised on the following 11 February. Born into a musical family, his initial studies were with his father alongside his younger brother Charles Young, who would also become a successful organist and minor composer. As a boy he sang as a chorister at the Chapel Royal until March 1700. Music historian Charles Burney wrote that Anthony was organist at St Katherine Cree from 1702 to 1706, but modern scholarship makes this seem unlikely. He did, however, hold the post at St. Clement Danes from 1707 until his death in London in 1747. Anthony was by all accounts a fantastic organist and highly regarded among his peers. Along with Edward Purcell (eldest son of Henry Purcell), Thomas Arne, William Boyce, Johann Christoph Pepusch, and George Frideric Handel, he was a founder member of the Royal Society of Musicians in 1739.
Several of Young's nieces also had successful music careers. His niece Cecilia Young (1712–1789) was one of the greatest English sopranos of the 18th century and the wife of composer Thomas Arne. His other niece Isabella was also a successful soprano and the wife of composer John Frederick Lampe, and his niece Esther was a well known contralto and wife to Charles Jones, one of the largest music publishers in England during the 18th century. Young's nephew, Charles, was a clerk at the Treasury, whose daughters, Isabella, Elizabeth, and Polly followed in the foot steps of their aunts to become successful singers.

## Works

Although Young was not a prolific composer, what little he did write was commercially successful. Seven of his songs appeared in The Monthly Mask of Vocal Music between 1705 and 1709, he published A New Collection of Songs (1707), and in 1719 Walsh and Hare published his Suits of Lessons for the Harpsichord or Spinnet. All of these sold well, particularly the latter publication. Young also wrote some organ music and anthems which were never published.
# Anthrenocerus nebulosus

Anthrenocerus nebulosus is a species of beetles, native to Australia. It is within the genus Anthrenocerus and the family Dermestidae.
# Antoni Beszta-Borowski

Antoni Beszta-Borowski (1880–1943) was a Polish Roman Catholic priest. He was dean of Bielsk Podlaski. He is one of the 108 Martyrs of World War II.

## Life

Antoni Beszta-Borowski was born on September 9, 1880. He was a parish priest and dean of Bielsk Podlaski. He was arrested by the Gestapo on July 15, 1943, and was shot a few hours later. He was declared venerable on March 23, 1999, and was beatified on June 13, 1999. He is venerated on July 15 and June 12.
# Anubrata

Anubrata is an Indian masculine given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Anubrata Basu (born 1989), Bengali film actor
* Anubrata Chatterjee (born 1984), Indian tabla player
* Anubrata Mondal (born 1960), Indian politician
# Antrafenine

Antrafenine (Stakane) is a phenylpiperazine derivative drug invented in 1979. It acts as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug with similar efficacy to naproxen, but is not widely used as it has largely been replaced by newer drugs.

## Synthesis

Method E: The reaction between 2-[4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-piperazinyl]ethanol [40004-29-3] (1) and Isatoic anhydride [118-48-9] (2) goes on to give 4-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperazine-1-ethyl 2-aminobenzoate [51941-08-3] (3).
Method G: Alkylation with 4-chloro-7-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline [346-55-4] (4) completed the synthesis of antrafenine (5).
# Anura Rohana

Anura Rohana (born 11 September 1973) is a Sri Lankan professional golfer. He plays primarily on the Professional Golf Tour of India, where he has won three times. He also plays on the Asian Tour and Asian Development Tour, primarily in events played in India. He won a silver medal at the 2002 Asian Games.

## Amateur wins

* 1998 Malaysian Amateur Open
* 2000 Bangladesh Amateur Open
* 2001 Bangladesh Amateur Open, Pakistan Amateur Open
* 2002 Bangladesh Amateur Open

## Professional wins (7)
### Professional Golf Tour of India wins (6)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| 1 | 17 Sep 2011 | Global Green Bangalore Open | −12 (68-68-71-69=276) | 6 strokes | Mukesh Kumar |
| 2 | 10 Aug 2012 | PGTI Players Championship (Prestige) | −7 (71-73-68-69=281) | 1 stroke | Anirban Lahiri |
| 3 | 10 Oct 2014 | BILT Open | −14 (67-70-68-69=274) | 2 strokes | Shankar Das |
| 4 | 23 Apr 2017 | Pune Open Golf Championship | −10 (71-68-70-65=274) | 2 strokes | Angad Cheema, Khalin Joshi |
| 5 | 17 Dec 2017 | Tata Open | −19 (69-61-66-69=265) | 4 strokes | Vikrant Chopra, Manu Gandas, Shamim Khan, Viraj Madappa, Raju Ali Mollah |
| 6 | 9 Dec 2018 | Bengaluru Open Golf Championship | −19 (67-64-67-71=269) | 3 strokes | Aman Raj |

### Other wins (1)

* 2009 Surya Nepal Masters
# Aphonopelma peloncillo

Aphonopelma peloncillo is a species of spider in the family Theraphosidae, found in the United States (Arizona and New Mexico).
# Aphonopelma phasmus

Aphonopelma phasmus is a species of spider in the family Theraphosidae. It is only known from a single adult male collected near the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon National Park in Coconino County, Arizona. The female is unknown.
# Aoteadrillia waihuaensis

Aoteadrillia waihuaensis is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Horaiclavidae.

## Distribution

This extinct marine species was endemic to New Zealand.
# Aoteadrillia finlayi

Aoteadrillia finlayi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Horaiclavidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 10 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to New Zealand and occurs off Ninety Mile Beach, North Island.
# Anzhen Subdistrict

Anzhen Subdistrict (Chinese: 安贞街道; pinyin: Ānzhēn Jiēdào) is a subdistrict on the northwest portion of Chaoyang District, Beijing, China. As of 2020, it has a total population of 57,016.
The subdistrict got its name from Anzhenmen (Chinese: 安贞门; lit. 'Gate of Peace and Virtue'), a former city gate of Khanbaliq.

## History

Timeline of changes in the status of Anzhen Subdistrict :
| Time | Status |
| Yuan dynasty | Part of Dadu |
| 1925 | Part of North Suburban District |
| 1947 | Part of 7th Suburban District |
| 1950 | Part of Wuluju Township |
| 1952 | Wuluju Township was transferred under East Suburban District |
| 1968 | Transferred to Heping Street Subdistrict |
| 1977 | Transferred to Xiaoguan Subdistrict |
| 1987 | Separated from Xiaoguan Subdistrict, two subdistricts were created: Anzhenli and Anhuali |
| 1990 | The two subdistricts were combined to form Anzhen Subdistrict |

## Administrative Division

As of 2021, there are 10 communities under the subdistrict:
| Administrative Division Code | Community Name in English | Community Name in Simplified Chinese |
| 110105008052 | Anzhenli | 安贞里 |
| 110105008053 | Anzhen Xili | 安贞西里 |
| 110105008054 | Anhuali | 安华里 |
| 110105008055 | Anhua Xili | 安华西里 |
| 110105008056 | Huangsi | 黄寺 |
| 110105008057 | Yuminlu | 裕民路 |
| 110105008058 | Yongxi | 涌溪 |
| 110105008059 | Wuluju | 五路居 |
| 110105008060 | Anwai | 安外 |
| 110105008061 | Waiguan | 外馆 |

## Landmark

* Xihuang Temple
# Apollo 13 (pinball)

Apollo 13 is a 1995 pinball machine based on the film Apollo 13. It was designed by Joe Kaminkow and Joe Balcer, and released by Sega Pinball. It is notable for its 13-ball multiball mode, the largest of any pinball machine ever made.

## Gameplay

After starting a game, you have a choice of "Regular" or "Novice" mode. "Regular" is the normal 3-ball arrangement. "Novice" is timed play; the player has 2 minutes when any drained balls are autoplunged, and after the 2 minutes expires, the game is over when the ball(s) on the field drains.
You can start a game in "League" mode by holding the left flipper button in while starting a game, and "Wizard" mode by holding the right flipper button in.
There are 9 Missions; after doing all of them, Master Alarm is lit at the right saucer. The Missions are:
* Orbiter
* CO$_2$
* Manual Burn
* Rocket 2-Ball
* Moon's Gravity
* Under Volt
* Life Support
* Docking
* Lite Extra Ball
Once the 9 missions have finished, the wizard mode Master Alarm will start. It's a 40-second frenzy where every target scores 1 million and adds 1 million to a Jackpot that is lit at the Blastoff ramp. The Jackpot does not reset after collecting it, and does not have a limit. This round can be worth many points if the player has mastered the ramp shot.

### Multiball modes

Apollo 13 has a number of pinball modes:
* Regular Multiball (5-balls)
* 13-ball (13 balls): When the 8 BLASTOFF letters (shown below the score display) are completed (they then flash), the next multiball will be 13 BALL.
When 13-ball starts, the bottom post raises and stays up for about 10 seconds. Five balls are launched, and after about 5 seconds the 8 balls in the 8-ball holder are released, all at once. There is no ball saver. During 13-ball, the Rocket is lit for Jackpots. After a Jackpot, the bottom post is not raised, increasing the difficulty of play.
After 5 Jackpots have been collected, the Super 13-Ball Jackpot is lit.
# Apareiodon

Apareiodon is a genus of scrapetooths from South America where they are found as far south as Río de la Plata. There are currently fifteen described species in this genus.

## Species

* Apareiodon affinis (Steindachner, 1879) (Darter characine)
* Apareiodon agmatos Taphorn, López-Fernández & C. R. Bernard, 2008
* Apareiodon argenteus Pavanelli & Britski, 2003
* Apareiodon cavalcante Pavanelli & Britski, 2003
* Apareiodon davisi Fowler, 1941
* Apareiodon gransabana W. C. Starnes & I. Schindler, 1993
* Apareiodon hasemani C. H. Eigenmann, 1916
* Apareiodon ibitiensis Amaral Campos, 1944
* Apareiodon itapicuruensis C. H. Eigenmann & Henn, 1916
* Apareiodon machrisi Travassos, 1957
* Apareiodon orinocensis Bonilla, Machado-Allison, Silvera, Chernoff, López Rojas & Lasso, 1999
* Apareiodon piracicabae (C. H. Eigenmann, 1907)
* Apareiodon tigrinus Pavanelli & Britski, 2003
* Apareiodon vittatus Garavello, 1977
* Apareiodon vladii Pavanelli, 2006
# Aparecida do Rio Doce

Aparecida do Rio Doce is a municipality in southwest Goiás state, Brazil.

## Geography

The municipality of Aparecida do Rio Doce belongs to the Sudoeste de Goiás Microregion and is 208 km. from the state capital, Goiânia. Connections are made by BR-060 / Guapó / Indiara / Rio Verde / GO-174/ GO-422 / BR-364. The town lies at the junction of BR364 and GO174.
Belonging to the Paraná River basin, the river system is varied, with the most important rivers being the Rio Claro and its tributary, the Rio Doce. Along these rivers there are several small waterfalls, the most important being Salto do Rio Claro. The two rivers are used for recreational fishing and swimming by locals and tourists. Municipal boundaries are with Jataí, Rio Verde, and Caçu.

## Demographics

* Population density: 4.49 inhabitants/km$^2$ (2007)
* Population in 1980: n/a
* Population in 2007: 2,702
* Urban population: 2,088 (2007)
* Rural population: 614. (2007)
* Population growth rate: 1.80% 1996/2007

## The economy

The main economic activity is cattle raising for meat (59,000 head in 2006). Farming is secondary and is mainly subsistence, with farmers growing rice, corn, and soybeans. Another economic activity is production of poultry and pigs, due to the proximity of the important Perdigão Foods factory in Rio Verde, one of the largest agroindustrial complexes in the world.
* Industrial units: 4
* Retail units: 52
* Dairies: AGROLUCAS Laticínios Ltda. (22/05/2006)
* GDP in 2005 (R$1,000.00): 25,312
* GDP per capita in 2005 (R$1.00): 9,282
Motor vehicles:
* Automobiles: 213
* Pickup trucks: 26
* Number of inhabitants per motor vehicle: 11
Main agricultural products in ha.(2006)
* rice: 300
* corn: 300
* soybeans: 600
Farm Data (2006)in ha.
* Number of farms: 146
* Total area: 63,807
* Area of permanent crops: 286
* Area of perennial crops: 968
* Area of natural pasture: 48,244
* Persons working in agriculture: 516 IBGE

## Health and education

* Infant mortality rate: 1990—39.53; 2000—17.77
(IBGE 2002)
* Literacy rate: 1991—67.5%; 2000—84.2%
(IBGE 2004)
* MHDI: 0.754
* State ranking: 68 (out of 242 municipalities)
* National ranking: 1753 (out of 5507 municipalities)

## History

The history of Aparecida do Rio Doce as a municipality is recent as it was elevated to city status in 1993. The name derives from the patron saint of Brazil, Our Lady Aparecida, and the most important river of the region, the Rio Doce, which limits the urban area on the south and flows north to south to eventually join the Rio Claro.
# Aphanipathidae

Aphanipathidae is a family of corals in the order Antipatharia. Species in this family have short, blunt polyp tentacles that tend to be uniform. Spines range from conical to cylindrical and usually have conical tubercles. Unlike Antipathidae, species in this family are not notched or branched at the end.
# Apiolae

Apiolae (also Appiolae) was a town in ancient Latium, Italy.
During the early semi-legendary history of Rome, in the reign of Rome's fifth king, Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, it is said that the Latins went to war with Rome. Tarquinius took Apiolae by storm, and from there returned to Rome with much booty.

## Sources

Livy, Ab urbe condita, 1:35
* This Italian history article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Apiomerus crassipes

Apiomerus crassipes, the bee assassin, is an insect that feeds on bees and ants. It is found throughout North America. Bee assassins can fly, and stalk flowering plants that are visited by bees, flies, and other pollinating insects. Bee assassins are usually dark in color with yellow or red markings on the sides of the abdomen, and are about 3/4 in long.
The bee assassins' fore tibiae are coated with a sticky resin to aid in prey capture.
# Pearl A. Neas

Pearl Alma Neas (1893 – July 3, 1962) was an American college administrator and clubwoman. She was the registrar of Southwestern University in Texas from 1923 to 1962.

## Early life and education

Neas was born in Liberty Hill, Texas, the daughter of Isaac Neas and Hester Idella Ottinger Neas. She graduated from Tyler Business College, and attended Southwestern University as a young woman, and throughout her life.

## Career

Neas began working at Southwestern University in 1913, as secretary to the school's president. She became assistant registrar in 1917, and registrar in 1923, a position she held for almost forty years. Neas was also the school's director of publicity in the 1930s, director of the school's extension service, and wrote a brief history of the school. She was one of the three founders of the Texas Association of Collegiate Registrars. In 1953, Neas was named to the Texas state advisory commission on school accreditation.
Neas was a delegate to Democratic National Conventions. She campaigned for Lyndon B. Johnson, and frequently corresponded with Johnson and his wife, Lady Bird, to bring federal investment to Texas.
Neas was a founder of the Georgetown Business Women's League, and president of the League from 1928 to 1929. In 1954, she was named president of the Business and Professional Women's Club of Georgetown. Neas was active at the state level in the Texas Federation of Women's Clubs, and was a trustee of the Texas Fine Arts Association. She was named Woman of the Year in 1956, by the Georgetown Business Women's League. Neas was also active in Methodist church work, especially in the denomination's Wesleyan Service Guilds. She was national scholarship chair for the Zeta Tau Alpha sorority.

## Personal life

Neas died in 1962, in Georgetown. Her memorial service was held in the campus chapel. Her papers, including scrapbooks, football programs, and her correspondence with the Johnsons, are in the collection of Southwestern University Libraries.
# Eggby

Eggby is a locality situated in Skara Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden with 231 inhabitants in 2010.
# Don MacDougall

Don MacDougall is an American sound engineer. He won an Oscar for Best Sound and was nominated for four more in the same category. He worked on more than 130 films between 1974 and 1999.

## Selected filmography

MacDougall won an Academy Award for Best Sound and was nominated for four more.

### Won

* Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope (1977)

### Nominated

* Funny Lady (1975)
* Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977)
* Hooper (1978)
* 1941 (1979)
# Alan Edwards (canoeist)

Alan Edwards (21 October 1943 – July 2002) was a British canoe sprinter who competed in the late 1960s. He was eliminated in the semifinals of the K-4 1000 m event at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City.
During his time at Worcester Canoe Club, he built the current club building in his free time.
He died in July 2002 after battling bowel cancer.
# David A. Klarner

David Anthony Klarner (October 10, 1940 – March 20, 1999) was an American mathematician, author, and educator. He is known for his work in combinatorial enumeration, polyominoes, and box-packing.
Klarner was a friend and correspondent of mathematics popularizer Martin Gardner and frequently made contributions to Gardner's Mathematical Games column in Scientific American. He edited a book honoring Gardner on the occasion of his 65th birthday. Gardner in turn dedicated his twelfth collection of mathematical games columns to Klarner.
Beginning in 1969 Klarner made significant contributions to the theory of combinatorial enumeration, especially focusing on polyominoes and box-packing. Working with Ronald L. Rivest he found upper bounds on the number of n-ominoes. Klarner's Theorem is the statement that an m by n rectangle can be packed with 1-by-x rectangles if and only if x divides one of m and n.
He has also published important results in group theory and number theory, in particular working on the Collatz conjecture (sometimes called the 3x + 1 problem). The Klarner-Rado Sequence is named after Klarner and Richard Rado.

## Biography

Klarner was born in Fort Bragg, California, and spent his childhood in Napa, California. He married Kara Lynn Klarner in 1961. Their son Carl Eoin Klarner was born on April 21, 1969.
Klarner did his undergraduate work at Humboldt State University (1960–63), got his Ph.D. at the University of Alberta (1963–66), and did post-doctoral work at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario (1966–68). He also did post-doctoral work at Eindhoven University of Technology in the Netherlands (1968-1970), at the University of Reading in England working with Richard Rado (1970–71), and at Stanford University (1971–73). He served as an assistant professor at Binghamton University (1973–79) and was a visiting professor at Humboldt State University in California (1979–80). He returned to Eindhoven as a professor (1980–81), and to Binghamton (1981–82). From 1982 to 1996 he was a professor of computer science at the University of Nebraska, at Lincoln, with a one-year break at Eindhoven in academic year 1991–92. He retired to Eureka, California in 1997 and died there in 1999.
He was a frequent contributor to recreational mathematics and worked with many key mathematics popularizers including Ronald L. Rivest, John H. Conway, Richard K. Guy, Donald Coxeter, Ronald Graham, and Donald Knuth.

## Organizations and awards

Klarner was a member of the Association for Computing Machinery, the American Mathematical Society, the Mathematical Association of America, and the Fibonacci Association. He was awarded a National Science Foundation Fellowship Award in mathematics in 1963. In 1986 Klarner received a University of Nebraska-Lincoln Distinguished Teaching Award in Computer Science.
The David A. Klarner Fellowship for Computer Science was set up after Klarner's death by Spyros Magliveras a fellow professor in Computer Science at UNL.
# Brahmanand Raghvanand

Brahmanand Raghvanand MBE was an Indo-Fijian civil servant. He served as a member of the Legislative Council in the 1950s.

## Biography

Raghvanand was the son of Badri Maharaj, the first Indo-Fijian member of the Legislative Council. He was educated in Fiji and New Zealand. He became a leader of the Arya Samaj in the 1920s, but was forced to resign from the organisation by the Governor and Colonial Secretary and closely monitored for several years afterwards. During World War II he was one of the Indian members elected to the Central War Committee.
Raghvanand worked in the colonial civil service and became Assistant to the Native Lands Commissioner Lala Sukuna, the first non-European to hold principal office. In 1944 he was elected to the council of the Fiji Public Servants' Association. In the 1952 Birthday Honours he was made an MBE for his service. In 1953 Raghvanand was appointed to the Legislative Council by the Governor as one of the 'official' members. He retired in 1955.
In 1963 he was made a Justice of the Peace. He died at the age of 87.
# Brent Hill

Brent Hill is the site of an Iron Age hill fort situated close to South Brent in Devon, England. The fort occupies the top of Brent Hill at approx 311 Metres above Sea Level.
# Brian Berman

Brian M. Berman is a tenured professor of family medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine.

## Education

Berman received his medical degree from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. He completed his residencies at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and at the University of California, Los Angeles.

## Career

Berman was appointed an assistant professor at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in 1991. He was appointed an associate professor there in 1997 and a full professor in 2000, and was awarded tenure in 2003. He also founded the University of Maryland's Center for Integrative Medicine in 1991, where he is professor emeritus now. He founded the Institute for Integrative Health in 2007, now known as Nova Institute for Health.

## Research

Berman is known for his research into acupuncture. In 2010, Berman published a paper in the New England Journal of Medicine which recommended the use of acupuncture for lower back pain. The article was criticized by Steven Salzberg in Forbes.

## Awards and honors

Berman was named a "top doctor" in a 2013 survey of peers published in Baltimore, and the Center for Integrative Medicine was named a Research Center for Excellence by the National Institutes of Health under Berman's direction.
# Brazil (novel)

Brazil is a 1994 novel by the American author John Updike. It contains many elements of magical realism. It is a retelling of the ancient tale of Tristan and Isolde, the subject of many works in opera and ballet.
Tristão Raposo, a nineteen-year-old black child of the Rio de Janeiro slums, spies Isabel Leme, an eighteen-year-old upper-class white girl, across the hot sands of Copacabana Beach, and presents her with a ring stolen from an American tourist. Their flight into marriage takes them from urban banality to the farthest reaches of Brazil’s wild west, where magic still rules. Privation, violence, captivity and poverty afflict them; his mother curses them, her father strives to separate them, and neither lover is absolutely faithful. Eventually, ancient charms change him to white and her to black. Yet Tristão and Isabel hold on to the belief that each is the other’s fate for life, as they develop in ways they never thought possible.
Critic James Wood described it as 'full of soft writing'.
# Brazil (Palin book)

Brazil is a 2012 book by Michael Palin published on 11 October 2012. The book accompanies the TV series Brazil with Michael Palin.

## Audio edition

This book is available as an unabridged audiobook, read by Michael Palin and lasting 10 hours, 10 minutes.