OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Raymonde Testanière

Raymonde Testanière, known as Vuissane, was a servant in the Comté de Foix in the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries. She is known to us through her testimony recorded on the Fournier Register and examined in Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie's Montaillou. Vuissane was a servant in the Belot household from 1304 to 1307. She was also a mistress to Bernard Belot and had two children with him. Vuissane reported to have hoped to marry Bernard, but he was only interested in a wife from a wealthier family and eventually married Guillemette Benet. He also rejected Vuissane as she did not believe in Albigensianism.
Unlike most of the household, Vuissane was not a believer in Albigensianism. Her mother, Alazaïs Testanière, was a staunch Catholic and kept her daughter away from Catharism. The Belots were Cathars and for a time Vuissane looked favourably upon the heresies but this ended when a leading heretic Arnaud Vital, who was living as a boarder in the Belot household, tried to rape her.
After leaving the employ of the Belot household she married Bernard Testanière.
# ReaxFF

ReaxFF (for “reactive force field”) is a bond order-based force field developed by Adri van Duin, William A. Goddard, III, and co-workers at the California Institute of Technology. One of its applications is molecular dynamics simulations. Whereas traditional force fields are unable to model chemical reactions because of the requirement of breaking and forming bonds (a force field's functional form depends on having all bonds defined explicitly), ReaxFF eschews explicit bonds in favor of bond orders, which allows for continuous bond formation/breaking. ReaxFF aims to be as general as possible and has been parameterized and tested for hydrocarbon reactions, alkoxysilane gelation, transition-metal-catalyzed nanotube formation, and many advanced material applications such as Li ion batteries, TiO$_2$, polymers, and high-energy materials.
To be able to deal with bond breaking and formation whilst having only 1 single atom type for each element, ReaxFF is a fairly complex force field with many parameters. Therefore an extensive training set is necessary covering the relevant chemical phase space, including bond and angle stretches, activation and reaction energies, equation of state, surface energies, and much more. Usually, but not necessarily, the training data is generated with electronic structure methods. In practice, often DFT calculations are used as a pragmatic approach, especially since more accurate functionals are available. For the parameterization of such a complex force field, global optimization techniques offer the best chance to get a parameter set that most closely describes the training data.
# Reawakening Pride Once Lost

Reawakening Pride Once Lost is the debut studio album by the Northern Irish Celtic metal band Waylander, released in 1998 by Century Media. The album was re-released in 2006 by the Irish label, Midhir Records. This pressing came with two bonus tracks - A Hero's Lament and Sunrise - both taken from the Dawning of a New Age demo.

## Band line-up

* Ciaran O'Hagan - vocals
* Dermot O'Hagan - guitars, backing vocals
* Michael Proctor - bass
* Den Ferran - drums, percussion, bodhrán, tambourine
* Mairtin Mac Cormaic - tin whistle, bodhrán, backing vocals
* This 1990s metal album–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Rebollosa de Jadraque

Rebollosa de Jadraque is a municipality located in the province of Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 32 inhabitants.
# Rectiostoma chrysabasis

Rectiostoma chrysabasis is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by W. Donald Duckworth in 1971. It is found in Santa Catarina, Brazil.
The wingspan is about 16 mm. The forewings are concolorous with the thorax and tegulae basally, extending to the midpoint. The distal margin is irregularly concave bordered by a broad, transverse band of iridescent blue violet. The apical portion of the forewing is dark brown, irregularly patterned with iridescent blue violet. The hindwings are dark brown apically and white basally.
# Red gazelle

The red gazelle (Eudorcas rufina) is an extinct species or subspecies of gazelle. It was formerly considered a member of the genus Gazella within the subgenus Eudorcas before Eudorcas was promoted to a full genus. It is thought to have lived in the better-watered mountain areas of North Africa rather than in deserts, because of the rich colouring on the coat.
There are no records of the red gazelle in the wild. It is known from three specimens purchased in markets in Algiers and Oran, northern Algeria, in the late 19th century. They are held in museums in Paris and London. Some authorities, such as Jonathan Kingdon, consider it a subspecies of the red-fronted gazelle (E. rufifrons or G. rufifrons). In 2008, K. de Smet reported one of the three specimens had proved on examination to be E. rufifrons, leading the IUCN Red List to revise its assessment of the species from Extinct to Data Deficient on the basis of doubts as to the validity of the taxon. The red-fronted gazelle occurs in the Sudanian savanna ecoregion, south of the Sahara. The red gazelle occurred north of the Sahara, thereby representing a distinct population irrespective of its species or subspecies status.

## Physical characteristics

The red gazelle is described as larger than the red-fronted gazelle, with heavier hooves, and distinctive bright red-brown fur. It is characterized to have thin (2.5–4 cm wide) black stripes across its flanks, in between its rear and front legs. The top of the head, cheeks, and sides of the neck are a pale whitish color, while the undersides and rump are a plain white colour. The center of its face is bordered on both side by pale streaks running from the eyes to the snout. It has a rufous tail with a black tip.
# Red Pike

Red Pike may refer to:
* Red Pike (Buttermere), a summit near Buttermere in the English Lake District
* Red Pike (cipher), a United Kingdom government cipher
* Red Pike (Wasdale), a summit near Wasdale in the English Lake District
# Red Perkins (country singer)

Red Perkins (August 3, 1920 – August 15, 1990) was an American country music singer from Ohio, United States.

## Early life

Perkins was born in Kentucky.

## Career

Perkins worked from a home base of Dayton, Ohio.

## Selected discography

As Red Perkins, Red Perkins and the Kentucky Redheads who recorded with De Luxe Records and King Records
* 1948: "One Has My Name (The Other Has My Heart)/I Live The Life I Love", 78rpm single (De Luxe Records/King Records 5047)
* 1948: "Someday You'll Call My Name/You're Gonna Regret It All Someday", 78rpm single (De Luxe Records/King Records 5052)
* 1949: "Aggravating Lou From Louisville/Hoedown Boogie", 78rpm single (King Records 792)
* 1949: "I Know Better Now/Too Long", 78rpm single (King Records 823)
* 1950: "Crocodile Tears/I Hate You", 78rpm single (King Records 836)
* 1950: "One At A Time/I'm So Happy I Could Cry", 78rpm single (King Records 850)
* 1950: "Big Blue Diamonds/Rag Man Boogie", 78rpm single (King Records 903)
* 1951: "I'm Gonna Rush Right Down To Macon/A Long Necked Bottle", 78rpm single (King Records 920)

## Former members (partial list)

* Jim Alexander
* Jesse Ashlock
* Cecil Brower (alumni of the Milton Brown Band)
* Fred Calhoun
* Harry Fooks
* Clarence Gray
* Jay Green
* Wilbert H. (Bill) Osborne
* Jabbo Smith, trumpet
* Anna Mae Winburn, singer
# Reflective loss

In United Kingdom company law, reflective loss is the loss of individual shareholders that is inseparable from general loss of the company. The rule against recovery of reflective loss states that there should be no double recovery, so a shareholder can only bring a derivative action for losses of the company, and may not allege suffering a loss in a personal capacity for a personal right.
   Where a company suffers loss caused by a breach of duty owed to it, only the company may sue in respect of that loss. No action lies at the suit of a shareholder suing in that capacity and no other to make good a diminution in the value of the shareholder's shareholding where that merely reflects the loss suffered by the company. — Lord Bingham of Cornhill, Johnson v Gore Wood & Co [2002] 2 AC 1 at 19.
Reflective loss extends beyond the diminution of the value of the shares; it extends to the loss of dividends (specifically mentioned in Prudential Assurance v Newman Industries Ltd) and all other payments which the shareholder might have obtained from the company if it had not been deprived of its funds. All transactions or putative transactions between the company and its shareholders must be disregarded.
In Sevilleja v Marex Financial Ltd [2020] UKSC 31 the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom restricted (but declined to abolish) the doctrine, but disapproved many of the statements made previously in Johnson v Gore Wood & Co, describing Lord Millet's speech in particular as a "wrong turn". Commentators have indicated of the decision is Sevilleja: "The importance of the decision cannot be overstated."

## Legal development

* Prudential Assurance v Newman Industries Ltd [1982] Ch 204
* Johnson v Gore Wood & Co [2002] 2 AC 1
* Giles v Rhind [2002] EWCA Civ 1428
* Gardner v Parker [2004] 2 BCLC 554
* Sevilleja v Marex Financial Ltd [2020] UKSC 31
# Remainder (film)

Remainder is a 2015 British-German drama film written and directed by Omer Fast, based on the 2005 novel of the same name by Tom McCarthy. It stars Tom Sturridge, Cush Jumbo, Ed Speleers, and Arsher Ali. The film was screened in the Panorama section at the 66th Berlin International Film Festival. It received generally positive reviews from critics.

## Plot

Tom receives a settlement of €8.5 million after losing his memories in an accident. Outside, he asks for change. Later, at a party, Tom experiences a vision of a past memory. He remembers the exact smells, sounds, and sights he experienced when walking down the stairwell of a flat, including running into a child. Tom decides to use his money to replay this exact memory. He hires a compliant assistant named Naz. The workers he hires to build his memories describe him as a perfectionist.
Tom ends his relationship with close friends. He contracts a man named Christopher whom he had met at a local phone booth. Several days later, however, Christopher is tased and shot dead. Tom decides to play Christopher in a re-enactment of his death. He uses a real taser despite Naz's protests. Next, Tom decides to perform a mock bank robbery after witnessing the torture and killing of a suspect. He hires an ex-convict with experience in heists. The man tells Tom that robberies require lots of choreography and that his crew would usually rehearse before a heist. With this in mind, Tom decides to have his cast rob an actual bank without telling them beforehand.
Naz tells Tom that they will have to murder the cast after completing the heist. The real robbery goes awry when one of the cast members is accidentally killed. Tom shoots the rest of his crew. He notices that one of the witnesses is the same child from his first re-enactment. He runs into Catherine, a close friend he had argued with, and takes a suitcase from her that he thinks is his. Outside, Tom braces himself for the impact of the same accident shown at the beginning of the film.

## Cast

* Tom Sturridge as Tom
* Cush Jumbo as Catherine Sullivan
* Ed Speleers as Greg
* Arsher Ali as Naz
* Nicholas Farrell as Daubenay
* Jumayn Hunter as Christopher
* Shaun Prendergast as Dr. Merril
* Adrian Schiller as Dr. Trevellian

## Reception

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 91% of 23 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7.4/10.
# Renaissance and Reformation

Renaissance and Reformation is a multidisciplinary journal devoted to what is currently called the early modern world (see early modern period). R&R was founded by Natalie Zemon Davis and others in 1964, and is sponsored by the Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies at Victoria University in the University of Toronto; the Toronto Renaissance Colloquium, the Pacific Northwest Renaissance Society, and the Canadian Society for Renaissance Studies.
The journal is published quarterly. Each issue contains four to five scholarly articles as well as book reviews in English and French. R&R's current editor is Alan Shepard of the University of Guelph.
# Rerum Novarum Centre

Rerum Novarum Centre, Taipei, increased operations in 1971 but had roots going back to Jesuit social services in Taiwan since the 1950s. The Centre tries to meet the major social and legal needs of native and foreign workers in the greater Taipei area, while also responding to emergencies and to the needs of the aboriginal peoples of Northern Taiwan.

## History
### Social Service Centre

Since the 1950s the Society of Jesus in Taiwan has pastored parishes among the Atayal tribe in north-central Taiwan and Jesuits in the cities have advocated for the rights of workers and of the disabled.
In the 1960s, the American Jesuit E. Dowd founded in Hsinchu a vocational school and dormitory for young workers. This work has evolved into the Catholic Social Service Centre in Hsinchu.

### Rerum Novarum Centre

In 1971 Jesuits responded to the increasing influx of workers into Taipei by opening a centre that gathered information on problems facing workers, that trained union leaders, and that monitored the government's labour policies. The centre was named after Rerum Novarum ("Of New Things"), the 1891 encyclical of Pope Leo XIII which was the first in a series of social encyclicals in the Catholic church.
By the 1980s Rerum Novarum Centre was offering legal advice along with health and safety services for workers and was publishing books on worker issues. These issues grew to include advocacy for workers' rights, anti-nuclear power and the environment. By the 1990s the Center's work had grown in assisting foreign workers and in tending to occupational injuries. Then after the Jiji earthquake in 1999 services were increased on behalf of the aboriginal communities of Nantou and Hsinchu counties.
# Renard III of Dampierre-en-Astenois

Renard III, also spelled Reynald, Raynald, Rainard or Renaud (died c. 1230), was the acting lord (or count) of Dampierre-en-Astenois from 1202 until his death. He ruled the lordship during his father's absence on the Fourth Crusade and his long captivity. Renard died before his father and never succeeded to the lordship in full.
Renard was the eldest son of Renard II and Helvide. He and his brother Anselm were both born before 1192, when they are mentioned in a document for the first time. They are also mentioned in documents of 1193 and 1196. Renard II left on crusade in 1202, was captured and did not return to Astenois until 1233.
In 1207 and in May 1218, Renard, as acting suzerain, confirmed two donations made by his uncle Henry. Renard himself many several grants, always respecting his father's right to confirm or revoke them if and when he returned from captivity overseas. The grant of the tithes and revenues from the fairs of Le Vieil-Dampierre to the abbey of Chatrices was confirmed by his father and ratified by Count Theobald IV of Champagne, their suzerain, in 1234. In 1218, Renard III, calling himself "Jerusalem bound" (Hierosolimam profecturus), granted the tithes of Remicourt and the produce (terrage) of Sommeille to the abbey of Monthiers-en-Argonne, specifying that if his father did not approve these gifts, then the Countess Blanche, who confirmed the grant, could make good on the gift out of her own lands.
Renard's wife, Beatrice, lady of Til-Châtel, is first mentioned in a charter of 1221. In another charter that year, Renard used the title "count" for the first time. There is no surviving documentation between this and a charter of 1224. If Renard did go on his long-planned pilgrimage or crusade to the Holy Land, it should probably be dated to this interval. Renard's last known act is dated to 1230 and died not long after.
Renard had many children, but only one, Renard IV, is known by name. Although a minor, he succeeded to the acting lordship under the regency of his uncle Anselm, until the return of Renard II in 1233. Renard IV seems to have died before his grandfather, who was thus succeeded by Anselm in 1234. His widow, Beatrice, married Walter II, lord of Arzillières.
# Renard Epervier

The Renard Epervier was a Belgian prototype single-seat all-metal fighter monoplane designed by Alfred Renard at the Societé Anonyme Avions et Moteurs Renard for a government-sponsored design contest in 1928. The Epervier Type 2 was built and flown in 1928, by Belgian aircraft manufacturer Stampe et Vertongen. It carried an armament of two synchronised 7.7mm guns and was lost in September 1928 after failing to recover from a flat spin. A second prototype, the Epervier Type 2bis, introduced revised streamlined fairings for the cantilever mainwheel legs, mainwheel spats and cylinder aft-fairings and was built by SABCA (Société Anonyme Belge de Constructions Aéronautiques).

## Variants
### Epervier Type 2

    The prototype fighter designed, built and flown by Stampe et Vertongen in 1928, crashing in a flat spin in September 1928: one built.

### Epervier Type 2bis

    A replacement aircraft for the first prototype, built by SABCA and powered by a 480 hp (360 kW) SABCA Jupiter or 700 hp (520 kW) Hispano-Suiza 12N engine.; one built.

### Epervier Type 3

    A developed version to have been powered by a 480 hp (360 kW) Rolls-Royce Kestrel V-12 engine; not built.

## Specifications - Type 2bis

Data from Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1931, The Complete Book of Fighters
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 7 m (23 ft 0 in) (Jupiter) 7.2 m (24 ft) (Hispano-Suiza 12N)
* Wingspan: 10.2 m (33 ft 6 in)
* Height: 2.76 m (9 ft 1 in)
* Wing area: 20 m$^2$ (220 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 794 kg (1,750 lb) (Jupiter); 844 kg (1,861 lb) (Hispano-Suiza 12N)
* Gross weight: 1,250 kg (2,756 lb) (Jupiter); 1,300 kg (2,900 lb) (Hispano-Suiza 12N)
* Powerplant: 1 × SABCA Jupiter 9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine, 360 kW (480 hp) (or 700 hp (520 kW) Hispano-Suiza 12N V-12)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 273 km/h (170 mph, 147 kn) (Jupiter); 290 km/h (180 mph; 160 kn) (Hispano-Suiza 12N)
                   at 4,000 m (13,000 ft) - 265 km/h (165 mph; 143 kn)(Jupiter); 274 km/h (170 mph; 148 kn) (Hispano-Suiza 12N)
                   at 5,000 m (16,000 ft) - 261 km/h (162 mph; 141 kn)(Jupiter); 269 km/h (167 mph; 145 kn) (Hispano-Suiza 12N)
* Stall speed: 99 km/h (62 mph, 53 kn) (Jupiter); 101 km/h (63 mph; 55 kn) (Hispano-Suiza 12N)
* Service ceiling: 9,300 m (30,500 ft) practical ceiling (Jupiter); 8,600 m (28,200 ft) practical ceiling (Hispano-Suiza 12N)
* Time to altitude: 4,000 m (13,000 ft) in 8 minutes 30 seconds; 5,000 m (16,000 ft) in 12 minutes 35 seconds (Jupiter)
                   5,000 m (16,000 ft) in 9 minutes 55 seconds; 5,000 m (16,000 ft) in 14 minutes 40 seconds (Hispano-Suiza 12N)
* Wing loading: 62.5 kg/m$^2$ (12.8 lb/sq ft) (Jupiter); 64 kg/m$^2$ (13 lb/sq ft) (Hispano-Suiza 12N)
* Power/mass: 3.49 kg/kW (5.74 lb/hp) (Jupiter); 5.02 kg/kW (8.25 lb/hp) (Hispano-Suiza 12N)
Armament
* Guns: 2x synchronised fixed forward firing 7.7 mm (0.303 in) Vickers machine-guns in the forward fuselage
# Republic of China Army Band

The Republic of China Army Band (Chinese: 中華民國陸軍樂隊) is a musical unit of the Republic of China Army used for state ceremonies and public duties, serving as one of the oldest and seniormost military bands in the Chinese National Armed Forces, being the second to the Symphonic Band of the Ministry of National Defense of the ROC. The band was founded on April 16, 1950 as a result of the reorganization of the Army Command on the basis of prior ensembles.
It is the main band that marches at official ceremonies and receptions for the high-ranking officials who recognize the Republic of China government that visit Taipei, which includes heads of state, heads of government, and diplomatic delegations. One of the band's main appearances is at the Double Ten Parade in October as part of the combined ROCAF massed bands. The army band, like other Taiwanese military bands are inspired by American and German military band traditions, with a notable aspect being the use of a whistle for commands, a tradition only found in United States military bands. The military band starks in contrast to the People's Liberation Army Band, which was also influenced in German and most of the Soviet/Russian traditions.
# Reva, Mozambique

Reva is a village in Ancuabe District in Cabo Delgado Province in northeastern Mozambique.

## Geography

Reva is located northeast of the district capital of Ancuabe and southwest of the town of Muangide. Reva is located 2.4 kilometres (1.5 miles) away from Nacuchupa, 6.1 km (3.8 mi) from Calima, 1.6 km (1 mi) from Mpingo, 1.9 km (1.2 mi) from Muigima and 1.6 km (1 mi) from Manocha

## Transport

The nearest airport is 50 km (31 mi)} away at Pemba Airport. Mueda Airport is 108 km (67 mi)} away.
# Rest on the Flight into Egypt (David, Madrid)

The Rest on the Flight into Egypt is an oil painting of around 1515 by the Flemish painter Gerard David now in the Prado Museum. It can be compared with other works on the same theme by the same painter in New York, Washington and Antwerp and a Virgin and Child in Rotterdam.
The Flight into Egypt derives from the Gospel of Matthew (II.13-18), though it does not mention a rest, which derives from apocryphal accounts. It was a popular theme for painters in many periods. David painted it on several occasions using different compositions, possibly not as the result of commissions but simply painted to put on the open market. Many of them are near-identical but for a few small details. However, in all of them David focuses attention on the seated Virgin Mary breastfeeding the Christ Child, enthroned in front of a deep forest landscape background. In the far background there is usually a scene related to either the rest or to the journey to Egypt.
It entered the Museum in 1915 from a convent in Navarre. It was then attributed to Hieronymus Bosch. It shows the Virgin and Child in the traditional Virgo Lactans composition, with the Holy Family's flight into Egypt shown in the forest in the left background. Behind the trees on the right is a city by a river and hills reaching to the horizon. The Flemish taste for detail is shown in the plants in the foreground, the food basket and the leaves of the beech and chestnut trees. The chiaroscuro shapes the figure of Mary and the tones (especially the blues and greens) are graded so as to give depth to the landscape.
# Rhachidelus

Rhachidelus is a genus of snake in the subfamily Dipsadinae of the family Colubridae. The genus is endemic to South America.

## Species

The genus Rhachidelus is monotypic, containing the sole species Rhachidelus brazili, which is commonly known as the Brazilian bird snake.

## Etymology

The specific name, brazili, is in honor of Brazilian herpetologist Vital Brazil.

## Geographic range

R. brazili is found in northeastern Argentina, southern Brazil, and southeastern Paraguay.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitats of R. brazili are forest and savanna.

## Description

R. brazili is a medium-sized species of snake. The holotype has a total length of 1.32 m (4.3 ft), including the tail which is 0.31 m (1.0 ft) in length. The dorsal scales are smooth, have distinct paired apical pits, and are arranged in 25 rows at midbody. The vertebral row is enlarged. Adults are shiny dark brown to black dorsally, and dark brown ventrally. Juveniles have a red band across the back of the top of the head, including the parietal scales.

## Diet

The diet of R. brazili consists mainly of birds' eggs.

## Reproduction

R. brazili is oviparous.
# Republican calendar

Republican calendar may refer to:
* French Republican calendar
* Roman Republican calendar
* Republic of China calendar