OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rae Landy

Rae Landy (June 27, 1885, Lithuania – March 5, 1952, Cleveland, OH) was a nursing pioneer. She was one of the first two American nurses (along with Rose Kaplan) sent to Palestine by Hadassah in 1913.

## Early life

Landy (born Rachel) was the daughter of Rabbi Jacob and Eva (Gross) Landy. Together with her three sisters and three brothers, the family immigrated to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1888.

## Nursing career

In 1904, Landy was part of the first class of nursing students sponsored by the Jewish Women's Hospital Association (later Mount Sinai Hospital) in Cleveland. In 1913, Landy was personally recruited by Henrietta Szold, the founder of Hadassah, to travel to Palestine and start a visiting nurse service. Together with Rose Kaplan, Landy opened a settlement house to train young women in nursing, first aid, and hygiene. She remained in Palestine until the outbreak of World War One caused Hadassah to suspend the program.
Landy began her long career with the United States Army Nurse Corps in 1918. She served overseas with the American Expeditionary Forces in Germany, Belgium, and France, as well as in the Philippines during the 1930s. She rose through the ranks, serving at the headquarters of the Second Corps Area at Governors Island in New York and Crile General Hospital in Cleveland. She retired in 1944 as a lieutenant colonel, the second highest rank in the Army Nursing Corps. Landy is buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
# RTZ

RTZ may refer to:
* RTZ (radio station), a radio time signal station in Irkutsk, Russia
* RTZ (band), an American rock band
* Return-to-zero, a signaling protocol that returns to its "zero" state between tokens
* Return to Zork, a 1993 adventure game in the Zork series
* Rio Tinto (corporation) (previously the Rio Tinto – Zinc Corporation), a British-Australian multinational metals and mining corporation
* RTZ, a 2009 compilation album by Six Organs of Admittance
# RTZ (radio station)

RTZ is the callsign of the time signal transmitted on 50 kHz with 10 kW from a large transmission centre near Irkutsk, Russia. It is controlled by All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Physical-Engineering and Radiotechnical Metrology, operated by Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network, and situated at 52°26′10″N 103°41′09″E﻿ / ﻿52.43611°N 103.68583°E﻿ / 52.43611; 103.68583﻿ (RTZ). The transmitter is active 23 hours per day, from 22:00 to 21:00 UTC, except for the 3rd and 4th Monday of each month between 00:00 and 08:00 UTC, when it is switched off for maintenance. The station sends time signal similar to RBU.
RTZ covers the area in Siberia between 80 and 120 degrees east.
# Radio Muhabura

Radio Muhabura was a radio station of RPF (Rwandan Patriotic Front) during the Rwandan Civil War from 1990 to 1994. It was created in 1991 and broadcast from Uganda. It was the first alternative to Radio Rwanda, reaching all but the south of Rwanda by mid-1992. It was recorded by the BBC starting in 1992. It promoted armed resistance to the "extremist" Rwandan government. In an October 1992 broadcast it claimed that militia forces of the government's party had "devised traps aimed at exterminating the youth." As early as January 1993, months before the RTLM went on-air, Radio Muhabura accused the Rwandan government of genocide. It routinely denied RPF involvement in civilian killings, and promoted resistance to "Hutu power", to the Habyarimana government, and desertion by the military.
It regularly discussed the return of the Rwandan diaspora and the creation of a new government.
Although the pro-Hutu RTLM (which became an inciting instrument of the Rwandan genocide of 1994) was extensively listened to, Radio Muhabura had a much smaller audience, probably because it broadcast in English instead of Kinyarwanda.
The existence of Radio Muhabura was cited as a part of the defense in the trial of Ferdinand Nahimana in the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.
# Raimondo Guarini

Raimondo Guarini (1765–1852) was an Italian archaeologist, epigrapher, poet, college president, and teacher. He was born on May 12, 1765, in Mirabella Eclano, in the province of Avellino, Campania, Italy, the second of three sons born to upper middle class parents-Angelo and Rosaria Guarini. Raimondo and his younger brother Rafaelle entered the Dominican Order, while the third brother, Dominic Antonio, attended medical school. Both Raimondo and Rafaelle, after obtaining their educations, were forced to leave the Order when many of the religious houses in Southern Italy were being closed due to government suppression. Raimondo had risen in the Order to the rank of Abbot. Meanwhile, his older brother, with whom he shared his love of archaeology and epigraphy was becoming a well-known and successful medical doctor in Naples.
In Naples, Raimondo continued to pursue his studies, obtaining first a teaching position at the local college and later, in 1829, the presidency of the Accademia Pontaniana. His students were usually the children of the wealthy nobility. Some of his students and friends included Ferdinand I, Ferdinand II, and Maria Christina of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies royal family and other of their children. When not teaching, Raimondo found time for his greatest love. This was his archaeological and epigraphical research both at home and in the field. This research was the fuel for his teaching. The discovery of ancient artifacts often in situ, and the analysis of them was the thrill in his life. Raimondo visited so many sites and walked so many places that his fellow townsmen called him "Il Pedatore" ("The Walker")
Guarini wrote portions of the Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum on Campania and Samnium. Raimondo also worked at and on items found at Pompeii, and one of his most important works deals with life in that ancient city. In addition, he was often consulted for his expert opinion in classical matters and worked on the Royal Collections at Naples, such as The Bourbon Museum. Guarini corresponded and collaborated with other classical scholars and archaeologists of the time, including German archaeologists August Emil Braun and Eduard Gerhard, and German classical scholar and Nobel Laureate Theodor Mommsen. The debates with Mommsen were legendary in their time. Guarini was also a pioneer in the study of the Oscan language. He was a first to create an Oscan/Latin Dictionary. His other works, numbering close to one hundred, range from brief monographs to books. Many of his works can be found today in the libraries of larger colleges and universities (Princeton, Harvard, Yale, Duke, Columbia etc.). By far, the largest collection of his works may be found at the Vatican Library in Rome. Guarini played an important role in the popular Classical Movement of the 1800s, centered at Naples in Southern Italy, after the rediscovery of Pompeii. He died on January 8, 1852, at Naples. A secondary school, Scuola Secondaria Di 1° Grado Statale "R. Guarini" in his hometown of Mirabella Eclano, was named in his honor.
# Raimondo Franchetti

Baron Raimondo Franchetti has been the name of more than one Italian Baron, of the noble Franchetti family. The Franchettis were an Italian Jewish family who, from the 18th century onwards, were one of the wealthiest families in the Mediterranean. They were originally a Mantuan family. The most famous member of the family named Baron Raimondo Franchetti lived from 1889 until his death in an airplane crash in Cairo in 1935 with a group of Italians, including Luigi Razza, minister of public works in the cabinet of Benito Mussolini.

## Family

His grandfather, also Baron Raimondo Franchetti, married Louise Sarah Rothschild into the Rothschild banking family.
# Family Law Act

Family Law Act may refer to:
* Family Law Act 1975, Australia
* Family Law Act 1996, UK
* Family Law Act (Alberta), Canada
* Ontario Family Law Act, Canada
# Raised cosine distribution

In probability theory and statistics, the raised cosine distribution is a continuous probability distribution supported on the interval $[\mu -s,\mu +s]$. The probability density function (PDF) is
    $f(x;\mu ,s)={\frac {1}{2s}}\left[1+\cos \left({\frac {x-\mu }{s}}\,\pi \right)\right]\,={\frac {1}{s}}\operatorname {hvc} \left({\frac {x-\mu }{s}}\,\pi \right){\text{ for }}\mu -s\leq x\leq \mu +s$
and zero otherwise. The cumulative distribution function (CDF) is
    $F(x;\mu ,s)={\frac {1}{2}}\left[1+{\frac {x-\mu }{s}}+{\frac {1}{\pi }}\sin \left({\frac {x-\mu }{s}}\,\pi \right)\right]$
for $\mu -s\leq x\leq \mu +s$ and zero for $x<\mu -s$ and unity for $x>\mu +s$.
The moments of the raised cosine distribution are somewhat complicated in the general case, but are considerably simplified for the standard raised cosine distribution. The standard raised cosine distribution is just the raised cosine distribution with $\mu =0$ and $s=1$. Because the standard raised cosine distribution is an even function, the odd moments are zero. The even moments are given by:
    ${\begin{aligned}\operatorname {E} (x^{2n})&={\frac {1}{2}}\int _{-1}^{1}[1+\cos(x\pi )]x^{2n}\,dx=\int _{-1}^{1}x^{2n}\operatorname {hvc} (x\pi )\,dx\\[5pt]&={\frac {1}{n+1}}+{\frac {1}{1+2n}}\,_{1}F_{2}\left(n+{\frac {1}{2}};{\frac {1}{2}},n+{\frac {3}{2}};{\frac {-\pi ^{2}}{4}}\right)\end{aligned}}$
where $\,_{1}F_{2}$ is a generalized hypergeometric function.
# Ralph McKee (American football)

Ralph H. McKee was an American football coach. He was the first head football coach at Carthage College in Carthage, Illinois, serving for six seasons, from 1895 to 1900, and compiling a record of 19–6–1.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall |
| Carthage Red Men (Independent) (1895–1900) ||||||
| 1895 | Carthage | 2–0 |
| 1896 | Carthage | 4–0 |
| 1897 | Carthage | 3–1 |
| 1898 | Carthage | 3–0 |
| 1899 | Carthage | 3–2–1 |
| 1900 | Carthage | 4–3 |
| Carthage: | Carthage: | 19–6–1 |
| Total: | Total: | 19–6–1 |
# Rajdevi Temple

Rajdevi Temple (Devanagari:राजदेवी मन्दिर) is a Hindu temple and Shakti Peethas in Eastern Nepal. The primary deity is Rajdevi. It is situated in the Rajdevi Tole, Rajbiraj, Saptari and draws Nepali and Indian pilgrims, especially in Bada Dashain. Thousands of goats are sacrificed there during Dashain.

## History

The temple holds great historical, cultural and religious significance in the local and neighbouring areas. The statue of the deity Rajdevi was found 1000 years ago and has been kept in the same place. The present structure of the temple was reconstructed in 90's. This temple is known to be the family temple of the brother of King Janak, King Kushadhwaja. The temple was earlier restore by sens of makwanpur who were descendents of Nanyadeva in around 14th century.

## Pilgrimage

Every year, thousands of pilgrims from Nepal, India and other countries visit Rajdevi Temple to worship the Bhagawati. During the festivals of Dashain and Tihar, there is presence of even more worshipers.
# Ramadan War

Ramadan War may refer to:
* War in Sudan (2023)
* Yom Kippur War
# Ralph Smith

Ralph Smith may refer to:

## Politics

* Ralph Smith (Canadian politician) (1858–1917), Canadian House of Commons member and Labor leader
* Ralph T. Smith (1915–1972), U.S. senator from Illinois
* Ralph K. Smith (born 1942), U.S. politician from Virginia

## Others

* Ralph Smith (American football) (1938–2023), American football player
* Ralph Smith (swimmer), Australian Paralympian
* Ralph Maynard Smith (1904–1964), British artist, writer and architect
* Ralph C. Smith (1893–1998), United States Army general
# Ramabanta

Ramabanta is a town in western Lesotho. It is located southeast of the capital Maseru, and northwest of the 3096 metre peak of Thaba Putsoa.
# Fairfield Villa F.C.

Fairfield Villa Football Club is an amateur football club based in the village of Fairfield, near Bromsgrove, Worcestershire, England. They currently compete in the Midland League Division Two and play at the Fairfield Recreation Ground.

## History

The club was founded in 1902 and first played in the original Bromsgrove Football League. They had a successful first season, winning the league title at their first attempt. In the early 1950s, the club disbanded but was reformed by Gill Webb and Paddy Eades. 1959 saw the club begin playing at their current home ground, the Fairfield Recreation Ground, and rejoin the Bromsgrove Football League. Between 1959 and the 1970s, Villa had a fair amount of success in league and cup, before joining the Kidderminster & District League. The club went on to win the Premier Division twice in 1982–83 and 1983–84. The club joined the Midland Combination Division Two in 1985, and won promotion to Division One in 1995. However, the Recreation Ground's facilities did not meet the requirements for the division, leading to a dispute between the club and the ground's landlords. Villa were forced to groundshare with Bromsgrove Rovers and later Northfield Town. In 1996, they were relegated back to Division One. They won Division Two again in the 1998–99 season. In 2002, the club returned to the Fairfield Recreation Ground after reaching an agreement with the landlords who allowed a small development at the ground, making it meet requirements for the division. In 2012, after several seasons of cup successes, the Recreation Ground saw another development when, with the help of an FA grant, new changing rooms and a kitchen were installed. The club finished Division One runners-up on goal difference in the 2013–14 season, before the Midland Combination merged with the Midland Alliance to form the Midland League, with Fairfield being placed in Division Two.

## Honours

* Bromsgrove Football League champions, 1902–03
* Kidderminster & District League Premier Division champions, 1982–83 & 1983–84
* Midland Combination Division Two champions, 1998–99
# Fake Indian currency note

Fake Indian Currency Note (FICN) is a term used by officials and media to refer to counterfeit currency notes circulated in the Indian economy. In 2012, while responding to a question in parliament, the Finance Minister, P. Chidambaram, admitted that there is no confirmed estimate of fake currency in India. However, several central and state agencies are working together, and the Ministry of Home Affairs has constituted the Fake Indian Currency Notes Co-ordination Center (FCORD) to curb this menace.
On 8 November 2016, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced that the hitherto existing 500 and 1000 rupee notes cease to be legal tender. He said that the move is taken to curb black money and widespread counterfeit currency in the country. He introduced new ₹500 and ₹2000 notes, and discontinued the existing ₹1000 note.

## Background

Although fake currency is being printed with precision, the Crime Investigation Department (CID) says that they can be detected with some effort. Currency printed by local racketeers can be detected easily as they use the photographic method, hand engraved blocks, lithographic processes and computer colour scanning. In counterfeit notes, the watermark is made by using opaque ink, painting with white solution, stamping with a dye engraved with the picture of Mahatma Gandhi. Then oil, grease or wax is applied to give the picture a translucent feel. In genuine notes, the security thread is incorporated into the paper at the time of manufacture. But in fake notes, the security thread is imitated by drawing a line with a pencil, by printing a line with grey ink, or by using aluminium thread while pasting two thin sheets of paper. Forgers find it difficult to reproduce the same shape of individual numbers again and again with accuracy. The alignment of figures is also difficult to maintain. Spreading of ink, smaller or bigger number, inadequate gaps, and different alignments in numbers should be regarded with suspicion. In counterfeit notes, the printed lines will be broken and there may also be ink smudges. In recent times it has been reported that FICN match 10 out of 14 security parameters adopted by the Indian government, with suggestions that the highest quality fakes could have only been produced by a nation state.

## Legal aspect

According to Indian law, possessing fake notes is a punishable offence, but only if the person in question is aware that the notes are fake. The Indian government intends to classify offences involving high-value FICN as terror acts, with an amendment to the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act.

## Terrorism

Fake Indian notes are mainly used in terror related activities. The money mainly flows from Nepal, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The terrorists are using it to cripple the Indian economy and to create economic terror.
# Fanglei

Feng Leishi (Chinese: 方雷氏) was a legendary Chinese empress, the second wife of the Yellow Emperor. According to tradition, she invented the comb in the 27th century BC.

## Legend

In the ancient times of Huaxia, Fang Leishi was the eldest daughter of Yu Gong, Shennong's eighth grandson. After Huangdi defeated Yandi Yu Gong and seized the rule of the Yanhuang tribal alliance in the Central Plains, he married Fang Leishi. The marriage of the two clan groups, Yan and Huang, constituted the core of the Huaxia clan and created a shared history of more than three thousand years.
Fang Leishi became the second consort of the Yellow Emperor. She was the mother of Xuan Xiao, the eldest son who created the Phoenix Totem of the Huaxia clan. She was a noble, elegant, kind and wise princess. At that time, when mankind had just passed through the primitive and savage century and entered the era of ancient civilization.
There were more than 20 women in Fang Leishi's palace who often had unkempt hair. In order to participate in the grand ceremonies of the time, these women used their fingers to smooth their shaggy hair, often hurting their fingers.
One year, the Yellow River flooded; Dihuo, who invented boats for the Yellow Emperor, caught 19 big fish in the flooded river and took them to the palace. Fang Leishi and the others cooked the big fish on hot stone slabs over firewood. Dihuo ate three of the fish in one breath, and the bones piled up on the ground. Fang Leishi picked one up, bent it, and could not help looking at it. She unconsciously combed her hair with the fish bones and unintentionally neatly combed her long hair. She herself did not know why her unkempt long hair was combed smoothly with fish bones. Fang Leishi thought about it, and secretly stored these big fish bones.
The next day, she broke the fish bones into short sections and called the women of the palace to her and gave a section to each, teaching them how to comb their hair. They all began to comb their hair with fish bones.
# Fanclub (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Sputnikmusic | 4.0/5 |
Fanclub (ファンクラブ, Fankurabu) is the third studio album by Japanese rock band Asian Kung-Fu Generation, released on March 15, 2006. The album peaked at number three on Oricon charts and sold 253,137 copies by year's end, eventually becoming the 48th best selling album of the year. The album included two singles, "Blue Train," which reached number five on the charts, and "World Apart," which earned the band their first number-one single.

## Title meaning

The album title "fanclub" is derived from the members' disposition toward creativity, their desire to be devoted followers not only of rock, but every type of music and its unique aspects and capabilities. The title also reflects their wish for people to love and live with the music in everyday life.

## Track listing

All songs written and composed by Masafumi Gotō, except:
* "Blue Train," composed by Masafumi Gotō and Kensuke Kita.
* The piano intro in "Moonlight" is from Claude Debussy's Suite bergamasque (specifically Clair de Lune).

### B-sides

| Song | Length | B-side of |
| "Road Movie" | 4:23 | "Blue Train" |
| "Tobenai Sakana" | 2:57 | "Blue Train" |
| "Gekkō" | 6:21 | "Blue Train" |
| "Eien ni" | 3:09 | "World Apart" |
| "Uso to Wonderland" | 2:27 | "World Apart" |

## Chart positions
### Album

| Year | Chart | Peak positions |
| 2006 | Oricon | 3 |
| 2006 | World Chart | 7 |

### Singles

| Year | Song | Peak positions |
| Year | Song | Oricon |
| 2005 | "Blue Train" | 5 |
| 2006 | "World Apart" | 1 |
# Randolph Peters

Randolph Peters (born 28 December 1959) is a Canadian composer who is known for his output of roughly 100 film scores made mostly for Canadian films.

## Early life and education

Peters was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He graduated from the University of Winnipeg and the Jacobs School of Music at Indiana University.

## Career

Peters wrote a large amount of music for Canadian television, radio, dance and theatre. From 1996 to 2001 he was the composer-in-residence and curator for the Winnipeg Symphony Orchestra; he also served as the director of that symphony's annual New Music Festival.
Peters composed several operas for the Canadian Opera Company, of which the most successful was The Golden Ass, which was created with novelist Robertson Davies shortly before Davies' death. After Davies' death, COC director Richard Bradshaw worked with Peters to finalize the opera. The opera premiered in Toronto at the Hummingbird Centre in April, 1999.

## Selected works

* Meditation and celebration (1985)
* Dreaming-tracks : 1991 (1991)
* Crime wave (1985)
* Dancing on wings of fire : for diatonic button accordion (A/D) and orchestra (1994)
* Guiltless blood (1990)
* Sonata for violin and piano (1990)
* The golden ass (1999)
* Survivors : a mass for mezzo-soprano and string quartet (1994)

## Sources

* ↑ Musicworks. Vol. Issues 61–66. Music Gallery.; 1995. p. 52.
* 1 2 Classical Music Magazine. Vol. 21. Music Magazine; 1998. p. 5–6.
* ↑ Musicworks. Vol. Issues 82–84. Music Gallery; 2002. p. 53.
* 1 2 The Sonneck Society Bulletin. Vol. 25-26. The Society; 1999. p. 34.
* ↑ George Henry Hubert Lascelles Earl of Harewood. Opera. Vol. 50, Issues 7–12. Rolls House Publishing Company; 1999. p. 768.
* 1 2 The American Record Guide. Vol. 44. American Record Guide; 1999. p. 40.
* ↑ Dundurn Performing Arts Library Bundle — Musicians: Opening Windows / True Tales from the Mad, Mad, Mad World of Opera / Lois Marshall / John Arpin / Elmer Iseler / Jan Rubes / Music Makers / There's Music in These Walls / In Their Own Words / Emma Albani / Opera Viva / MacMillan on Music. Dundurn; 17 December 2013. ISBN 978-1-4597-2401-3. p. 2408.
* ↑ Jonathan Ball. John Paizs's Crime Wave. University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division; 5 February 2014. ISBN 978-1-4426-7000-6. p. 144.
* "Randolph Peters". The Canadian Encyclopedia.
# Fascia of Colles

The membranous layer of the superficial fascia of the perineum (Colles' fascia) is the deeper layer (membranous layer) of the superficial perineal fascia. It is thin, aponeurotic in structure, and of considerable strength, serving to bind down the muscles of the root of the penis. Colles' fascia emerges from the perineal membrane, which divides the base of the penis from the prostate. Colles' fascia emerges from the inferior side of the perineal membrane and continues along the ventral (inferior) penis without covering the scrotum. It separates the skin and subcutaneous fat from the superficial perineal pouch.

## Relations

In front, it is continuous with the dartos fascia of the penis and Scarpa's fascia upon the anterior wall of the abdomen;
On either side it is firmly attached to the margins of the rami of the pubis and ischium, lateral to the crus penis and as far back as the tuberosity of the ischium.
Posteriorly, it curves around the superficial transverse perineal muscle to join the lower margin of the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm.
In the middle line, it is connected with the superficial fascia and with the median septum of the bulbospongiosus muscle.
This fascia not only covers the muscles in this region, but at its back part sends upward a vertical septum from its deep surface, which separates the posterior portion of the subjacent space into two.

## Additional images

* The superficial branches of the internal pudendal artery.