OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Andrew Whitney

Charles Andrew Whitney (November 14, 1834 – December 31, 1912) was an American businessman and industrialist in the late 19th century, born in Princeton, Massachusetts. He was part of the prominent American Whitney family. In 1859, Charles, his brother Levi L. Whitney, and Orville E. Thompson helped lead the large-scale manufacturing of leather boots and shoes in Chicago and were attributed with successfully running the first factory of its kind there. Whitney himself held patents for the manufacture of leather.
Thompson, Whitney, and Co. (later Whitney Bros. and Co.) had 300 workers and annual revenue of over $300,000, producing over 100 cases of leather goods per week at its peak. In the 1860s, the company was among the top producers in the rapidly growing Chicago leather industry, and its products were showcased in the Paris Universal Exposition of 1867. In 1870, the company was noted as by far the highest-grossing producer in the city.
After the loss of the factory in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, Charles returned to Massachusetts with his wife Martha Elizabeth (Waters) Whitney, and resided at the historic Waters Farm in Sutton, Massachusetts. He died December 31, 1912, at the age of 78 from arteriosclerosis.
# Charlene von Saher

Charlène G. von Saher (born 4 December 1974) is a British former competitive figure skater. The daughter of a West German skater, von Saher spent most of her life in Greenwich, Connecticut and trained alongside Nancy Kerrigan under coaches Evy Scotvold and Mary Scotvold. She won the gold medal at the 1993 British Championships and then finished 12th at the 1993 World Championships. Despite withdrawing from the 1994 national championships with a severe case of the flu, she was selected to represent Great Britain at the 1994 Winter Olympics. She finished 15th at the Lillehammer Games.
She is the granddaughter of Dési von Halban and Jacques Goudstikker, and the great-granddaughter of Selma Kurz. Since the 1990s, she has assisted her mother in fighting for restitution of Nazi-looted art that belonged to her grandfather. She spoke at the opening of the exhibition Reclaimed - Paintings from the Collection of Jacques Goudstikker at the Contemporary Jewish Museum. The exhibition was organized as a way to gain publicity for the issue of Nazi plunder and to show the works included in the 2006 Goudstikker restitution of 202 paintings. The heirs continue their search for lost paintings and have successfully negotiated additional restitutions since 2006.

## Results

| Event | 1991–1992 | 1992–1993 | 1993–1994 |
| Winter Olympics | | | 15th |
| World Championships | 15th | 12th | 16th |
| European Championships | 12th | 19th | |
| British Championships | 2nd | 1st | WD |
| WD = Withdrew ||||
# Charles Appleton (academic)

Charles Edward Cutts Birchall Appleton (16 March 1841 – 1 February 1879) was an Oxford don and scholarly entrepreneur.
He is best remembered for founding the periodical The Academy in 1869; it was intended a forum for an intellectual and cultural revival in the German style. The purpose was to encourage an elite with "sound information and correct taste in intellectual matters".
# Charles Cornell

Charles Olney Cornell (1911–1989) was an American Communist.
Cornell was born on March 14, 1911, in Cochise, Arizona. While a teacher in San Francisco in the 1930s, he became active in the American Trotskyist movement and joined the newly founded Socialist Workers Party in 1938.
The SWP proposed that Charles Cornell go to Coyoacán, Mexico, where Leon Trotsky was living in exile to work as one of his bodyguards. Cornell served on Trotsky’s staff from June 1939 to August 1940.
On May 24, 1940, Mexican Stalinists machine-gunned Trotsky's household and subsequently Charles Cornell and Otto Schüssler, one of Trotsky's guards from Germany, were arrested by the police.
At first the police suspected Trotsky and his secretaries of having organised the raid, but soon realized this to be wrong. After two days and at the personal intervention of Trotsky, both Schüssler and Cornell were released.
Cornell, who was present, could not prevent the fatal attack on Trotsky three months later on August 20, 1940, carried out by the Stalinist agent Ramón Mercader, who had infiltrated the household and stabbed him in the back of the head with an icepick.
With Joe Hansen, Cornell overwhelmed the assassin and handed him over to the police.
On his return to the United States, Charles Cornell remained a member of the Socialist Workers Party in New York City for a couple of years, but never had any important role in the party. Eventually he gave up political activities and went into the real-estate business, first in Connecticut, and later in Arizona. He died on January 1, 1989.
# Charles Belcher (cricketer)

Charles Belcher (15 December 1872 – 1 April 1938) was an English cricketer. He played for Gloucestershire between 1890 and 1892.
# Chand Aur Suraj

Chand Aur Suraj (transl. The Moon and the Sun) is a 1965 Indian Hindi-language film produced by Ganga Chitra and directed by Dulal Guha. The film stars Dharmendra, Ashok Kumar, Tanuja, Nirupa Roy and Asit Sen. The film's music is by Salil Chowdhury. The film was remade in Tamil as Annavin Aasai (1966).

## Plot

After a disgraced man's accidental death, the lives of his family change drastically when they receive money from his insurance company.

## Cast

* Dharmendra
* Ashok Kumar
* Tanuja
* Nirupa Roy
* Asit Sen

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by Salil Chowdhury. The song "Baug Mein Kali Khili" was later adapted by him into the Malayalam song "Puthan Valakkare" in Chemmeen (1966).
* "Baag Mein Kali Khili" – Asha Bhosle
* "Jhanan Jhanan" – Lata Mangeshkar
* "Kisine Jaadu Kiya" – Mukesh
* "Meri Aur Unke Preet Puranini" – Asha Bhosle
* "Teri Yaad" – Lata Mangeshkar
* "Tumhe Dil Se Chaha" – Mohammed Rafi & Suman Kalyanpur
# Chand (film)

Chand (transl. The Heir) is a 1959 Indian Hindi-language film starring Meena Kumari, Balraj Sahni, Pandari Bai and Manoj Kumar in lead roles. The film is directed by Lekhraj Bhakri and its music is given by Hemant Kumar.

## Plot

Although the film was released in 1959, its story is set in the early 1950s before the introduction of The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 which opposes polygamy.
Mr. Kapoor (Balraj Sahni), a rich and successful man, is happily married to his wife Kamla (Pandari Bai). The only grief in their lives is the absence of a legal heir as Kamla is unable to conceive.
Vimla (Meena Kumari) is happy-go-lucky chirpy woman who's in love with Gokul (Manoj Kumar) but due to his scheming father who also works as a Munshi (accountant) (Sajjan) at the Kapoors', she is married to Mr. Kapoor in lieu of money.
The Kapoors find Vimla as their only option to bear a child while Vimla blames her father (M. Kumar) for her fate, unknown to the fact that it was actually the Munshi who did it. Vimla soon realises that it is only the child which matters for the Kapoors and soon leave their house. Back at home, Vimla, now in depression, pledges to get back her child via legal route but she again loses to the Kapoors and is sent to a mental asylum. On the other hand, the Kapoors are also worried about Vimla's condition as they personally don't have any problems with her.
In the climax of the film, Vimla flees from the asylum in order to end her life but at the nick of the moment is saved by the Kapoors'. The film ends on a happy note when Vimla realises their true intentions and the three of them live happily ever after.

## Cast

* Balraj Sahni as Mr. Kapoor
* Pandari Bai as Kamla
* Meena Kumari as Vimla
* Manoj Kumar as Gokul
* M. Kumar as Vimla's father
* Achala Sachdev as Ganga
* Daisy Irani as Ganga's son
* Leela Mishra as Sharbati, the maid
* Sunder as Sharbati's husband
* Sajjan as Munshi
* Helen as Dancer
* Kumari Naaz (guest appearance)

## Crew

* Director – Lekhraj Bhakri
* Producer – Kuldeep Sehgal
* Story – Lekhraj Bhakri
* Photography – Ranjodh Thakur
* Music – Hemant Kumar
* Lyrics – Shailendra, Bharat Vyas, Akhtar Lakhnawi
* Editing – Lachhmann Das
* Art Direction – Desh Mukherji
* Playback Singers – Lata Mangeshkar, Suman Kalyanpur, Ranganath Jadhav

## Soundtrack

The film had six songs in it. The music of the film was composed by Hemant Kumar. Shailendra, Bharat Vyas and Akhtar Lakhnawi wrote the lyrics.
* "Aye Baadalon" - Lata Mangeshkar. Lyrics by: Bharat Vyas
* "Galat Hai Lut Liyaa Tumko Husn Vaalon Ne" - Ranganath Jadhav. Lyrics by: Akhtar Lakhnawi
* "Kabhi Aaj Kabhi Kal" - Lata Mangeshkar, Suman Kalyanpur. Lyrics by: Shailendra
* "Khoyi Khoyi Akhiyan" - Lata Mangeshkar. Lyrics by: Shailendra
* "Aa Jaa Ri Chandani" - Lata Mangeshkar. Lyrics by: Shailendra
* "Muskurao Laadle Door Ho Andhera" - Lata Mangeshkar. Lyrics by: Shailendra
# Chapleau River

The Chapleau River is a river in Algoma District and Sudbury District in northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is in the James Bay drainage basin, begins at Chapleau Lake and is the main tributary of Kapuskasing Lake.

## Etymology

The community of Chapleau was created as a divisional point during the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway Transcontinental railway and was named for Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau. Both the lake upon which the community is located and the river which flows from the lake took on the same name.

## Course

The river begins at the north end of Chapleau Lake in Subury District, and flows north through Henderson Lake before taking in the left tributary Racine Creek. it continues north to Schewabik Lake where it takes in the left tributary Swanson River. It continues northeast, then north, takes in the left tributary Makonie River, enters Algoma District, and reaches its mouth at Kapuskasing Lake. Kapuskasing Lake flows via the Kapuskasing River, the Mattagami River and the Moose River to James Bay.

## Recreation

Chapleau-Nemegosenda River Provincial Park is a waterway park operated by Ontario Parks that includes the Chapleau River from the entry of the tributary Racine Creek to the river mouth at Kapuskasing Lake.

## Tributaries

* Makonie River (left)
* Copperfield Creek (right)
* Swanson River (left)
* Adams Creek (right)
* Racine Creek (left)
* Chapleau Lake
** Kebsquasheshing River
# Charles Byrnes

Charles Joseph Byrnes (1835 – 22 October 1917) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Parramatta, the youngest son of Ruth Barber and James Byrnes, a storekeeper and early New South Wales politician. His uncle William was also a member of the Legislative Council.
The younger Byrnes was articled to a solicitor, but chose business over law and took over the family wool mill at Parramatta. He also owned a tweed mill at Granville, and was a long-serving alderman and mayor of Parramatta. In 1874 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Parramatta. He retired in 1877, was re-elected in 1880, and retired again in 1882. Byrnes died at Parramatta in 1917.
# Charles Hemphill, 1st Baron Hemphill

Charles Hare Hemphill, 1st Baron Hemphill, PC QC (August 1822 – 4 March 1908), was an Irish politician and barrister.

## Career

Hemphill was born in County Tyrone, Ireland. He was the son of John and the novelist Barbara Hemphill. He was made a Queen's Counsel (QC) shortly before being appointed Solicitor-General for Ireland in 1892, a post he held until 1895. He then sat as Member of Parliament for North Tyrone from 1895 to 1906, after which he was elevated to the peerage as Baron Hemphill, of Rathkenny and of Cashel in the County of Tipperary. While most Irish Law Officers could confidently look forward to promotion to the Bench, Hemphill's age apparently ruled him out of serious consideration.
As Solicitor-General, he is remembered mainly for the somewhat malicious "compliments" paid to him by the Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, Sir Peter O'Brien, in the celebrated 1894 case of R. (Bridgeman) v. Drury. Hemphill, who appeared for Dublin Corporation, had argued, apparently with a good deal of hyperbole, that the members of the corporation were entitled to charge the ratepayers of Dublin for an especially lavish picnic. The Lord Chief Justice paid ironic tribute to Hemphill's eloquence and persuasiveness, but added drily that he had entirely failed to persuade the Court that the members of the corporation would "starve" if they were unable to make the ratepayers foot the bill for fine claret, whiskey and cigars, to say nothing of the broken wineglasses (although there were only four of them, which as the judge fairly noted, seemed quite moderate in the circumstances).

## Family

Lord Hemphill married Augusta Mary, daughter of Major the Hon. Sir Francis Charles Stanhope (son of the 3rd Earl of Harrington), in 1849. They had three sons and one daughter. He died in March 1908 and was succeeded in the barony by his eldest son Stanhope Charles John Hemphill (m. the Hon May Hamilton (1879-1970), daughter of James, 9th Lord Belhaven and Stenton). He had no son and on his death, the title passed to his brother Fitzroy Hemphill, 3rd Baron Hemphill.
His daughter, Mary Hannah Augusta Hemphill, was the mother of the decorated R.A.M.C. officer and surgeon, Lt. Col. Herbert St Maur Carter, D.S.O., M.D.
Hemphill was a cousin of John Hemphill, a Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court, and a United States Senator, whose father was the Rev. John Hemphill from County Tyrone.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Charles Hemphill, 1st Baron Hemphill :
* CrestA boar passant Gules charged with a chevron and a portcullis Or.
* EscutcheonOr on a fess Gules between two chevronels and three stars Azure as many trefoils slipped of the field.
* SupportersOn either side an Irish wolfhound gorged with a plain collar Or.
* MottoConstanter Ac Non Timide (Steadily and Fearlessly)
# Charles Crawforth Farmstead

Download coordinates as:
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The Charles Crawforth Farmstead is a historic house on a farm in Spring City, Utah. It was built with limestone in 1884 by Charles Crawforth, an immigrant from England who converted to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1854 and settled in Provo, Utah in 1855. Crawforth moved to Spring City in 1873 with his family (including ten children), and he built this house, with aspects of Greek Revival architectural style, in 1884. From his death in 1910 to 1918, it belonged to his son Charles L. Crawforth. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since February 19, 1980.
It is located southwest of Spring City, off Pigeon Hollow Rd. The farmstead includes a two-story hall and parlor plan stone house with a rear "T"-wing, a granary/root cellar, a stone carriage house, and a log barn. The farm is oriented to the north, with a view up the valley to Mt. Nebo, and was relatively isolated, perhaps showing that Mormon households did not always follow the same pattern of concentrating homes in villages.
The house may be the one exactly located at 39°27′16″N 111°30′46″E﻿ / ﻿39.454502°N 111.512639°E﻿ / 39.454502; 111.512639﻿ (LikelyLocation), on the south side of Crawford Rd., about 300 yards (270 m) west of its intersection with Pigeon Hollow Rd.
# Charles Frederick (MP)

Sir Charles Frederick KB FRS (21 December 1709 – 18 December 1785) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1741 to 1784.

## Early life

Frederick was the third son of Sir Thomas Frederick, sometime Governor of Fort St David, and his wife Mary Moncrieff, daughter of William Moncrieff and was born on 21 December 1709. He was a younger brother of Sir John Frederick, 4th Baronet. He was educated at Westminster School from 1719 to 1720 and matriculated at New College, Oxford on 19 March 1725. In 1728 he entered Middle Temple. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in May 1733. He undertook a Grand Tour through Italy, Constantinople, the near East and France with his brother John from 1737 to 1739.

## Political career

Frederick was returned unopposed as Member of Parliament for New Shoreham in the 1741 general election and also in 1747. In the 1754 general election he was elected as MP for Queenborough in a contest. He was made a Knight Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1761. He was re-elected unopposed for Queenborough in 1761 and 1768 and topped the poll when the seat was contested in 1774. He was returned again for Queenborough unopposed in 1780. He was briefly Father of the House from June 1784.
Frederick was also appointed Clerk of the Deliveries in 1746 and promoted to Surveyor-General of the Ordnance in 1750. In 1782 however, he and his son were both removed from the Board of Ordnance by the then Master-General of the Ordnance, Charles Lennox, 3rd Duke of Richmond. His son, who was Architect of the Ordnance, was succeeded by James Wyatt who went on to build both the Royal Artillery Barracks and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich.

## Family and legacy

Frederick married Lucy Boscawen, daughter of the first Viscount Falmouth on 18 August 1746. His great-grandson Charles Edward later succeeded to the family title as 7th Baronet.
Frederick died on 18 December 1785. Frederick Place in Woolwich is named after him.
# Charles Frederick

Charles Frederick may refer to:
* Sir Charles Frederick (MP) (1709–1785), British Member of Parliament
* Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden (1728–1811)
* Charles Frederick (Royal Navy officer) (1797–1875), British admiral
* Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1783–1853)
* Charles Frederick, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1724–1785)
* Charles Frederick (American football) (born 1982), American football player
* Charles Arthur Frederick (1861–1913), British courtier
* Charles Osmond Frederick, British engineer
* Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1739)
* Charles William Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1712–1757)
* Sir Charles Edward Frederick, 7th Baronet (1843–1913), of the Frederick baronets
* Sir Charles Edward St John Frederick, 8th Baronet (1876–1938), of the Frederick baronets
* Sir Charles Boscawen Frederick, 10th Baronet (1919–2001), of the Frederick baronets
# Charles Henry Munger

Charles Henry Munger was an American politician who served as the third mayor of Orlando, Florida, from 1878 to 1879.
# Charles Henry Newmarch

Charles Henry Newmarch (1824–1903) was an English cleric and author.

## Life

Born at Burford, Oxfordshire on 30 March 1824, he was second son of George Newmarch, a solicitor of Cirencester, and Mary his wife. After education from March 1837 at Rugby School, he spent some time in the merchant shipping service and in Eastern travel. Then settling in Cirencester, Newmarch became interested in the antiquities of the neighbourhood, He was the main founder in 1851 the Cirencester and Swindon Express, which was soon amalgamated with the Wilts and Gloucester Standard. He became joint editor of that paper, and till the end of his life was a regular contributor under the name of "Rambler".
Newmarch matriculated at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, in 1851, graduating B.A. in 1855. He was ordained deacon in 1854, priest in 1855, and served as curate at Brockworth. He was from 1856 to 1893 rector of Wardley-cum-Belton, Rutland; and was rural dean of the district from 1857 to 1867. He was interested in agricultural matters, contributing to Bell's Life in London on the subject; he championed the cause of the village labourers, who took his part against Joseph Arch, when Arch visited Belton in his tour of the village districts in 1872. He took an active part in church building in Rutland, and restored the chancel of his parish church.
Deafness led to Newmarch's retirement in 1893 to 37 Upper Grosvenor Road, Tunbridge Wells, where he died on 14 June 1903. A tablet to his memory was erected in Belton church in 1912.

## Works

Newmarch wrote:
* Five Years in the East (1847) under the pseudonym R. N. Hutton
* Recollections of Rugby, by an old Rugbeian (1848), anonymous
* Jealousy (1848, 3 vols.), novel
* Illustrations of the Remains of Roman Art in Cirencester (1850, 2nd edit. 1851), with James Buckman
* Newmarch Pedigree (1868), with his elder brother George Frederick Newmarch.

## Family

Newmarch married on 6 February 1855, at Leckhampton, Anne Straford of Cheltenham and Charlton Kings, third daughter of J. C. Straford. They had two sons and three daughters; one daughter survived him.
# Charley Aull

Charles Elmer Aull (September 5, 1869 – June 28, 1958) was an early professional football player. He played professionally for the Pittsburgh Athletic Club. He also played college football from 1889 until 1891 for the Penn State Nittany Lions. He was born in Pittsburgh in 1869. He died in Ohio in 1958.

## Professional career

Aull served as the team's captain for the 1892 season. His brother Burt also played on the team. Charley was also accused of bringing in a ringer for the club against its rival the Allegheny Athletic Association That year Aull stated that he met an old friend named "Stayer," on the street prior to the team's October 21 game against Allegheny. Since Pittsburgh was in need of replacement at center, "Stayer" agreed to replace the injured regular player. A week after the game, it was disclosed that "Stayer" actually was A.C. Read, the captain of the Penn State football team. Although no one could prove that Read actually had been paid, and Aull had not tried to present him as a Pittsburgh A.C. member, Allegheny hired under the table Pudge Heffelfinger, a college star formerly from Yale, for $500, to play for the club in a November 21 rematch. This game made Heffelfinger the first professional football player. During the rematch, Aull reportedly received an injury when he was crushed beneath a pile of several Allegheny players. As a result, Charley's back was so wrenched he had to be taken off the field on a stretcher. His brother Burt, was also injured during the game, after receiving a fierce blow to the head which forced him to retire from football.
In 1893, Charley was renamed the team's captain. On October 7, 1893, he was reportedly injured in a 10-0 Pittsburgh A.C. win over Western University (today the University of Pittsburgh). He was out of the Pittsburgh line-up for two weeks with a swollen lip.
In 1895, Aull served as Pittsburgh's quarterback.

## College football

Prior to his professional career, Aull played at the college level for Penn State from 1889 to 1891. On November 11, 1889, Penn State suffered their worst loss in football history falling to Lehigh University 106–0. The players arrived back at campus and asked about the game. Aull stated that "We couldn't get at the son-of-a-bitch with the ball."
On October 28, 1900, Aull was the referee for a game between the professional Duquesne Country and Athletic Club and the amateur Penn State football team. Duquesne won the game, held in Pittsburgh, by a score of 29–0.
# Charles Hope (art historian)

Charles Archibald Hope (born April 1945) is a British art historian who was director of The Warburg Institute from 2001 to 2010. He was succeeded by Peter Mack. He is a specialist in Italian art of the 15th and 16th centuries, especially Venetian painting.

## Selected publications

* Titian
* Bronzino's 'Allegory' in the National Gallery.
* The Chronology of Mantegna's "Triumphs".
* The early history of the Tempio Malatestiano.
* The Genius of Venice, 1500-1600
* Giorgione or Titian?: History of a controversy