OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Faro, Pará

Faro, Pará is a municipality in the state of Pará in the Northern region of Brazil.
The municipality contains part of the Saracá-Taquera National Forest, a 441,283 hectares (1,090,430 acres) sustainable use conservation unit created in 1989.
# Ludwig Audrieth

Ludwig Frederick Audrieth (February 23, 1901 – January 28, 1967) was a chemist, educator, and United States Army officer. He is known for his work on non-aqueous solvents. He co-discovered sucaryl, an artificial sweetner.

## Early life

Audrieth was born on February 23, 1901, in Vienna, Austria. He was brought to the United States in 1902 and naturalized as a citizen in 1912.
He received a Bachelor of Science degree from Colgate University in 1922. He received his doctoral degree from Cornell University in 1926.

## Personal life

Audrieth married Maryon Laurice Trevett on March 27, 1937. Together, they had three children: Karren-Laurice, Elsa Craven, and Anthony Ludwig. he died at age 65

## Career

Audrieth was a research assistant at Cornell from 1926 to 1928.
From 1928 to 1967, he was a faculty member of the chemistry department at the University of Illinois.
From 1930 to 1942, he served as a United States Army Reserves officer with the Chemical Corps.
From 1942 to 1946, he was a major with the Ordnance Department at Picatinny Arsenal as chief of the research division.
From 1959 to 1963, Audrieth was the science attaché at the American embassy in Bonn, West Germany.
He frequently contributed to academic journals on chemistry and received 15 patents for his work, mostly on rocket fuels.

## Selected publications

* Walden, Paul, and L. F. Audrieth. Salts, Acids, and Bases: Electrolytes: Stereochemistry. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc, 1929. OCLC 1306108
* Audrieth, L. F. Decomposition of Highly Concentrated Hydrazine. Urbana: University of Illinois, 1950. OCLC 11480658
* Audrieth, L. F., and Jacob Kleinberg. Non-Aqueous Solvents; Applications As Media for Chemical Reactions. New York: Wiley, 1953. OCLC 565868
* Marvel, Carl Shipp, L. F. Audrieth, and John C. Bailar. High Polymeric Materials. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio: Wright Air Development Center, Air Research and Development Command, U.S. Air Force, 1958. OCLC 769025533

## Death and legacy

Audrieth died on January 28, 1967, and was buried in Mt. Hope Cemetery in Champaign, Illinois.
His papers are held by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He was posthumously awarded the Otto von Guericke Medal from the Association of Industrial Research Organizations of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1967.
# Calfactant

Calfactant, also known as Infasurf, is an intratracheal suspension derived from the natural surfactant in calf lungs. It is used in premature infants with lung surfactant deficiency that causes infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS).

## Mechanism of action

Lung surfactant is essential for effective ventilation as it modifies alveolar surface tension. IRDS is caused by a lung surfactant deficiency. Calfactant serves as a substitute for the natural surfactant.
# Asaperda meridiana

Asaperda meridiana is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Matsusushita in 1931.
# Rajat Kumar Kar

Rajat Kumar Kar (2 October 1934 – 8 May 2022) was an Indian playwright, Jagannath Culture researcher, and Radio & TV commentator. He had written more than 600 plays for radio. He was the longest and oldest active commentator of the World Famous Ratha Jatra of Lord Jagannath on both TV and Radio for more than 60 years. The Government of India honored him with the Padma Shri award in 2021 for his eminent works in Odia literature. He was a prolific writer on Upendra Bhanja literature and has seven non-fiction to his credit. He has also written a few books on Lord Jagannath.

## Literary creation

* Jana Jibanare Jagannath - 2006 (Basang Publication, Cuttack)
* Ananya Jagannath Anubhuthire - 2008 (Mahaveer Publication, Bhubaneswar)
* Andhaputuli - 1971 (J. Mohapatra & Co., Cuttack)
* Chandan Hajur - 1967 (Sahitya Mandir, Cuttack)
* Janana Janauchhi Jagannathnku - 1999 (Pravat Kumar Kar)
* Baisi Pabachha - 1999 (Shanti Publication, Bhubaneswar)
* Veer Chakhi Khuntia - 2003 (Ranjit Kar)
* Janamanasre Bhanja - 2007 (Basanti Publication, Cuttack)

## Death

Kar died at 87 on 8 May 2022 in a private hospital in Bhabaneswar due to heart disease.
# Hazem Mabrouk Awaad

Hazem Mabrouk Awaad (born 22 November 1973) is an Egyptian handball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
His brothers, Ashraf, Hussein, Belal, Ibrahim and Hassan, are also international handball players.
# Henry Adolphus Warre Slade

Henry Adolphus Warre Slade (17 January 1869 – 16 January 1936) was a British businessman and a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.
Slade was born on 17 January 1869. He was the son of Reverend George FitzClarence Slade and Eleanor Frances Warre. He went to Hong Kong and became part of the Gilman & Co.. He was a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong from 1908 to 1909. He later returned to England and lived at Willards Hill in Etchingham, Sussex. His brother, Marcus Warre Slade (1865–1941), was a barrister and King's Counsel in Hong Kong. His other brother, Edmond Slade (1859–1928), was a Royal Navy admiral in Hong Kong.
He married Beatrice Isobel Hilda Gordon, daughter of David Alexander Gordon and Jane Lawrie Bell, on 1 November 1898. He had children named Gerald Gordon Slade (born 1899, a Royal Navy officer) and Maurice Gordon Slade (1902–1971).
He died on 6 or 16 January 1936 in England aged 66 or 67 and was buried at the St. Bartholomews Churchyard in Burwash, East Sussex, England.
# Blue River virus

Blue River virus (BRV) is a single-stranded, negative sense RNA virus of New World hantavirus isolated from a white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) near the Blue River in Jackson County, Missouri in 1995. Its genome is similar to Sin Nombre orthohantavirus (SNV) but varies in the S1 and S2 segments. Like Sin Nombre orthohantavirus, Blue River virus causes Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in humans.

## Natural reservoir

As with all hantavirus species and their reservoirs, Blue River virus is unique to the white-footed mouse.

## Transmission

As has been shown with other hantaviruses, transmission is through droplet respiration when rodent excreta becomes aerosolized. Blue River virus has not been shown to transfer via person-to-person.
# Costoanachis sparsa

Costoanachis sparsa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Columbellidae, the dove snails.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off French Guiana.
# Gelo, son of Hiero II

Gelo (or Gelon) (before 266 BC – 216 BC) was the eldest son of Hiero II, king of Syracuse, Magna Graecia.
Gelo died shortly before his father Hiero, at the age of more than 50 years. Not much is known concerning him, but he appears to have inherited the quiet and prudent character of his father. Polybius records to his praise that he sacrificed all objects of personal ambition to the duty of obedience and reverence to his parents. It seems that Hiero awarded him by associating him to his government and that he even received the title of king.
Livy asserts that, after the huge defeat suffered by the Romans at Cannae, Gelo was preparing to abandon the alliance of Rome for that of Carthage. According to this account, he began making friendly overtures to the cities allied to Rome and might have convinced the entire island of Sicily to defect to the Carthaginian side, had he not died later in the year of 216 BC. However, this seems quite at variance with the statement of Polybius of his uniform submission to his father's views and may very likely deserve as little credit as Livy's insinuation that his death occurred so opportunely, as to cast suspicion upon Hiero being the murderer of his own son.
Gelo was married to Nereis, daughter of Pyrrhus of Epirus, by whom he left a son, Hieronymus, and a daughter, Harmonia, who was married to a Syracusan named Themistus.
Archimedes dedicated to him his treatise The Sand Reckoner, in which he addresses him by the title of king.
The coins referred by earlier writers to the elder Gelon are admitted by some numismatists to belong to this prince. The head on the obverse is possibly that of Gelo himself.
# Faro, North Carolina

Faro is an unincorporated community in Wayne County, North Carolina, United States.

## 1961 Goldsboro B-52 crash

In Faro—12 miles (19 km) north of Seymour Johnson Air Force Base—two hydrogen bombs dropped during the 1961 Goldsboro B-52 crash as the aircraft broke up in flight. The crash site is 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southwest of Faro on Big Daddy's Road.
* Thermonuclear bomb resting in a field in Faro
* Explosive ordnance disposal personnel work to recover the buried thermonuclear bomb that fell into a field in Faro
# Calanthe delavayi

Calanthe delavayi is a species of plant in the family Orchidaceae. It is endemic to China.
# Asclera excavata

Asclera excavata is a species of false blister beetle in the family Oedemeridae. It is found in North America.
# Liu Huixian

Liu Huixian (Chinese: 刘恢先; 1912–1992) was a Chinese structural engineer and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is famous for his contribution to earthquake engineering and is seen as "the father of earthquake engineering".
Liu graduated from Southwest Jiaotong University (then Tangshan Jiaotong University) in 1933. He later received his master's degree from Cornell University and his doctorate from the University of Illinois. He taught in Zhejiang University and National Southwestern Associated University from 1938 until 1946. He married fellow scientist Hong Jing (洪晶), a physicist of the Harbin Institute of Technology, in 1941. In 1947, he went to the United States and taught in the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. In 1951, he returned to China and taught in Tsinghua University. In 1952, he joined the Jiusan Society and went to the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1978, he joined the Chinese Communist Party. He died in Harbin in 1992.
A statue of Liu was installed at Southwest Jiaotong University in 2013. There is also a prize for earthquake engineering named after Liu.
# 1981–82 Irish League

The 1981–82 Irish League was the 81st edition of the Irish League, the highest level of league competition in Northern Irish football. The league consisted of 12 teams, and Linfield won the championship.

## League standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Linfield (C) | 22 | 17 | 3 | 2 | 59 | 19 | +40 | 37 | Qualification for the European Cup first round |
| 2 | Glentoran | 22 | 16 | 1 | 5 | 61 | 22 | +39 | 33 | Qualification for the UEFA Cup first round |
| 3 | Coleraine | 22 | 14 | 3 | 5 | 63 | 31 | +32 | 31 | Qualification for the European Cup Winners' Cup first round |
| 4 | Crusaders | 22 | 11 | 4 | 7 | 36 | 31 | +5 | 26 | |
| 5 | Cliftonville | 22 | 9 | 6 | 7 | 33 | 28 | +5 | 24 | |
| 6 | Portadown | 22 | 11 | 2 | 9 | 29 | 29 | 0 | 24 | |
| 7 | Ballymena United | 22 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 25 | 30 | −5 | 20 | |
| 8 | Distillery | 22 | 7 | 4 | 11 | 30 | 44 | −14 | 18 | |
| 9 | Glenavon | 22 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 30 | 52 | −22 | 15 | |
| 10 | Ards | 22 | 5 | 4 | 13 | 18 | 47 | −29 | 14 | |
| 11 | Larne | 22 | 5 | 3 | 14 | 27 | 42 | −15 | 13 | |
| 12 | Bangor | 22 | 3 | 3 | 16 | 20 | 56 | −36 | 9 | |

## Results

| Home \ Away | ARD | BAN | BLM | CLI | COL | CRU | DIS | GLV | GLT | LRN | LIN | POR |
| Ards | | 2–0 | 0–0 | 0–1 | 0–3 | 0–0 | 2–0 | 2–4 | 1–7 | 1–0 | 1–2 | 0–1 |
| Bangor | 0–1 | | 1–3 | 1–1 | 1–5 | 2–1 | 3–3 | 1–2 | 2–1 | 0–4 | 0–5 | 0–1 |
| Ballymena United | 2–1 | 1–2 | | 1–3 | 4–2 | 0–0 | 1–1 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–3 |
| Cliftonville | 4–0 | 1–0 | 1–1 | | 2–2 | 0–1 | 1–0 | 2–3 | 0–1 | 4–1 | 0–4 | 1–0 |
| Coleraine | 9–1 | 3–2 | 2–0 | 3–1 | | 0–2 | 3–1 | 4–0 | 1–2 | 0–0 | 3–1 | 4–2 |
| Crusaders | 1–0 | 5–1 | 2–1 | 2–1 | 3–4 | | 1–3 | 2–1 | 3–0 | 2–3 | 1–2 | 2–1 |
| Distillery | 1–0 | 4–0 | 2–3 | 2–2 | 1–0 | 1–2 | | 4–2 | 0–5 | 1–0 | 0–7 | 3–0 |
| Glenavon | 2–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 0–3 | 2–2 | 3–1 | | 1–3 | 3–3 | 0–6 | 0–2 |
| Glentoran | 2–0 | 4–0 | 3–1 | 1–2 | 2–2 | 6–1 | 6–1 | 3–1 | | 4–1 | 1–2 | 3–1 |
| Larne | 2–3 | 2–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 2–5 | 0–1 | 1–0 | 4–0 | 0–1 | | 2–3 | 0–3 |
| Linfield | 5–0 | 4–2 | 3–0 | 1–0 | 2–1 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 2–1 | 1–2 | 2–1 | | 2–0 |
| Portadown | 1–1 | 2–0 | 1–0 | 2–2 | 2–4 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 2–1 | 0–4 | 3–0 | 0–1 | |
# Blue Rock Lake

For the Australian 'Blue Rock Lake' see Blue Rock Dam
Blue Rock Lake is a small alpine lake in Boise County, Idaho, United States, located in the Sawtooth Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area. There are no trails leading to the lake or the Goat Creek drainage.
Blue Rock Lake is in the Sawtooth Wilderness, and a wilderness permit can be obtained at a registration box at trailheads or wilderness boundaries. The Feather Lakes, Warbonnet Lake, and Little Warbonnet Lake are upstream of Blue Rock Lake.
# Cottom

Cottom is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Brandon Cottom (born 1992), American football fullback
* Norman Cottom (1912–1972), American basketball player
* Serge Van Cottom (born 1953), Belgian weightlifter
* Tressie McMillan Cottom (born 1976), American writer, sociologist and professor
# Lectionary 451

Lectionary 451, designated by sigla ℓ 451 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on 242 parchment leaves (30.7 cm by 23.2 cm). Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.

## Description

The codex contains Lessons from the Gospels of John, Matthew and Luke. It is a lectionary (Evangelistarium). The text is written in two columns per page, in 22-23 lines per page.
The manuscript was written by Clement the monk who signed and dated the colophon on f. 242v (in Greek):
    "Written in the month of July 20, indiction 5, year 6560 [i.e., A. D. 1052]; presented by Clement the worthless monk to the monastery of the most holy Mother of God of the Cave."

## History

Formerly the codex was held in Athens, known for scholars since 1886. It was purchased by K. W. Clark and currently is housed at the Kenneth Willis Clark Collection of the Duke University (Gk MS 85) at Durham.
# Rastakhiz

Rastakhiz (Persian رستاخیز "resurrection") may refer to:
* Rastakhiz F.C., an Iranian football team
* Rastakhiz Party, an Iranian political party
* Hussein Who Said No or Rastakhiz, a 2014 historical religious Iranian film
# Lumbriculus genitosetosus

Lumbriculus genitosetosus was described by Holmquist in 1976 from almost 2,000 individuals collected in Northern Alaska. Initially, Holmquist revived the genus Thinodrilus (previously established by Smith in 1895 for Th. inconstans) for L. genitosetosus, Lumbriculus inconstans and Lumbriculus ambiguus on the basis of the Lumbriculus-species having only one pair of vas deferens and sperm funnels per atrium, whereas the Thinodrilus-species have two (one in the anterior end and one in the posterior); this division is, however, not generally recognised today, even if Thinodrilus may be a valid subgenus.
Lumbriculus genitosetosus, as the name suggests, can be recognised by its modified male genital setae, unique within the Lumbriculidae.
# Calanque de Sormiou

The Calanque de Sormiou (French pronunciation:) is the largest calanque in Calanques National Park in Southern France. Located within the City of Marseille's 9th arrondissement, it is famous for its climbing spots. Access by car is restricted in the summer due to the risk of forest fires.
* Calanque de Sormiou
* Sormiou seen from the western side
* The Calanque seen from the surrounding hills, 2008
# Railway spine

Railway spine was a nineteenth-century diagnosis for the post-traumatic symptoms of passengers involved in railroad accidents.
The first full-length medical study of the condition was John Eric Erichsen's classic book, On Railway and Other Injuries of the Nervous System. For this reason, railway spine is often known as Erichsen's disease.
Railway collisions were a frequent occurrence in the early 19th century. Exacerbating the problem was that railway cars were flimsy, wooden structures with no protection for the occupants.
Soon a group of people started coming forward who claimed that they had been injured in train crashes, but had no obvious evidence of injury. The railroads rejected these claims as fake, sometimes belittling people's pain as litigation neurosis, implying that the only real problem was the injured person making a legal claim.
The nature of symptoms caused by "railway spine" was hotly debated in the late 19th century, notably at the meetings of the (Austrian) Imperial Society of Physicians in Vienna, 1886. Germany's leading neurologist, Hermann Oppenheim, claimed that all railway spine symptoms were due to physical damage to the spine or brain, whereas French and British scholars, notably Jean-Martin Charcot and Herbert Page, insisted that some symptoms could be caused by hysteria (now known as conversion disorder).
Erichsen observed that those most likely to be injured in a railway crash were those sitting with their backs to the acceleration. This is the same injury mechanism found in whiplash. As with automobile accidents, railway and airplane accidents are now known to cause posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychosomatic symptoms in addition to physical trauma.
# Liu Hushan

Liu Hushan (Chinese: 刘虎山; born July 1967) is a former Chinese politician who spent his entire career in southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region. He surrendered himself to the anti-corruption agency of China in April 2022. Previously he served as acting secretary-general of the Tibet Autonomous Regional Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and before that, mayor of Shigatse.

## Biography

Liu was born in Xiangtan, Hunan, in July 1967.
He entered the workforce in July 1987, and joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the same year. Since February 1992, he successively worked in the Lhasa Electric Power Bureau, Tibet Autonomous Region Committee of the Communist Youth League of China, and Tibet Branch of China Youth Travel Service. Beginning in October 2003, he served in several posts in the Higher People's Court of Tibet Autonomous Region, including director of Planning, Finance and Equipment Management Division and vice president. He was made deputy secretary-general of the CCP Tibet Autonomous Region Committee in April 2012, concurrently serving as deputy director of the Chengdu Office of the Government of the Tibet Autonomous Region. In February 2014, he became deputy party secretary of Shigatse, concurrently serving as chairman of its People's Congress since December. In September 2015, he took office as mayor of Shigatse, and held that office until May 2021. In May 2021, he was named acting secretary-general of the Tibet Autonomous Regional Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and served until April 2022.

### Downfall

On 16 April 2022, he turned himself in and is cooperating with the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI) and National Supervisory Commission for investigation of "suspected violations of disciplines and laws". Wangdui, a former vice governor of Shigatse Prefecture (now Shigatse), had surrendered to anti-corruption authorities on April 12.
# Blue River station

Blue River station is on the Canadian National Railway mainline in Blue River, British Columbia. The station is served by Via Rail's The Canadian. Blue River Via Rail Station is a flag stop (48 hours advance notice required).
Station staff formerly tended a railway garden. It grew a wide variety of plants, including butternut, northern red oak, bur oak, sugar maple and common horse chestnut. By 1994 it had been razed.

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Blue River". BC Geographical Names.
* ↑ "Blue River train station | VIA Rail". www.viarail.ca. Retrieved 2020-07-22.
# Council of Nobility

The Council of Nobility (French: Conseil de noblesse, Dutch: Raad van Adel) offers counsel to the King of the Belgians regarding all matters pertaining to the Kingdom's nobility.

## History

It was created by Royal Decree on 27 February 1996 as a replacement of the Conseil héraldique de Belgique (Heraldry Council of Belgium) which itself was created on 6 February 1844.

## Heraldic authority

It also serves as the heraldic authority for the Belgian nobility. It does so alongside the two other heraldic authorities of Belgium: the Council of Heraldry and Vexillology for the French community and the Flemish Heraldic Council for the Flemish community.
# Generic Mapping Tools

Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) are an open-source collection of computer software tools for processing and displaying xy and xyz datasets, including rasterization, filtering and other image processing operations, and various kinds of map projections. The software stores 2-D grids as COARDS-compliant netCDF files and comes with a comprehensive collection of free GIS data, such as coast lines, rivers, political borders and coordinates of other geographic objects. Users convert further data (like satellite imagery and digital elevation models) from other sources and import them. GMT stores the resulting maps and diagrams in PostScript (PS) or Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format.
Users operate the system from the command line: this enables scripting and the automation of routine tasks. More or less comprehensive graphic user interfaces are available from third parties, as well as web applications, bringing the system's functionality online.
Paul Wessel and Walter H. F. Smith created GMT in the 1980s at Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory, officially releasing it on October 7, 1991 under the GNU General Public License. The letters GMT originally stood for Gravity, Magnetism and Topography, the three basic types of geophysical data. Besides its strong support for the visualization of geographic data sets, the software includes tools for processing and manipulating multi-dimensional datasets. GMT is most widely used by Earth and Ocean scientists.
# Familie Sonnenfeld

Familie Sonnenfeld was a German TV movie series produced from 2005–2008. The series was directed by Christina Kabisch.
Family Sonnenfeld was broadcast on the ARD and ORF.
# High Point, Iowa

High Point is an unincorporated community in High Point Township, Decatur County, Iowa, United States. High Point is located along Iowa Highway 2, 8.2 miles (13.2 km) east of Leon.

## History

High Point's population was 31 in 1925.