OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Reuben Ryley

Charles Reuben Ryley (1752?–1798) was an English painter.

## Life

The son of a trooper in the Horse Guards, he was born in London about 1752. He was of weak constitution and deformed in figure. At first he studied engraving, for which he received a premium in 1767 from the Society of Arts; later he took up painting and became a pupil of John Hamilton Mortimer, and a student of the Royal Academy. Bad health affected his work, and he worked for booksellers, and taught in schools. He died on 13 October 1798, at his house in what was then the New Road, Marylebone.

## Works

Ryley was awarded a gold medal in 1778 for a painting of Orestes on the point of being sacrificed by Iphigenia. He exhibited it at the Royal Academy in 1779, and was a constant exhibitor of drawings and small pictures, mostly in the style of his master, Mortimer. He was employed on decorative paintings by the Duke of Richmond at Goodwood, Mr. Willett at Merly, Mr. Conolly in Ireland, and elsewhere. Some his work was published as engravings. He was commissioned by James Parkinson to provide the artwork for the illustrations within Museum Leverianum Containing Select Specimens from the Museum of Sir Ashton Lever (published 1792–96).
# Chatfield v Jones

Chatfield v Jones [1990] 3 NZLR 285 is a cited case in New Zealand regarding the issue of notice of cancellation of a contract, where a contract has been breached.

## Background

In November 1986, the parties agreed to transfer the shares in Acorn (Fiji) Limited, which operated a tourist train, in the Coral Coast, Fiji for $875,000. When the purchasers neglected to pay for the shares the following year, the shares were resold for $100,000, and sued the purchasers for the loss.
The purchasers defended the claim, saying they were not notified of the cancellation of the contract.

## Held

Held, the court ruled that the vendors statement of claim notified them that the contract had been cancelled.
# Charles V. Paterno

Charles Vincent Paterno (born Canio Paternò, August 4, 1878 – May 30, 1946) was an Italian-born American real estate developer. He was called the "Napoleon of the Manhattan Skyscraper Builders".

## Life and career

Born in Castelmezzano, in the Italian region of Basilicata, to Giovanni Paternò, a real estate businessman, and Carolina Trivigno, Paterno emigrated to the United States due to financial problems caused by an earthquake which destroyed a construction project that his father was involved with. He graduated from Cornell Medical School in 1899, with the intention of becoming a doctor of medicine but he never practiced the profession. After his father's death, Paterno and his brother Joseph took over the family real estate business. By 1918, the Paternos owned 75 buildings housing about 28,000 people.
The Paterno name is connected to the construction and the development of a number of modern, luxurious apartment buildings in the Upper East Side, Morningside Heights, and Washington Heights neighborhoods of Manhattan in New York City, including:
* The Colosseum (1909–1910)
* The Paterno (1909–1910)
* Hudson View Gardens (1923–25)
* 825 Fifth Avenue (1926–1927)
* Castle Village (1938–1939)
Paterno died at the Westchester Country Club in Harrison, New York, on May 30, 1946. He is memorialized by the Paterno Trivium at the intersection of Cabrini Boulevard, West 187th Street, and Pinehurst Avenue in the Hudson Heights subsection of Washington Heights.

## Paterno Castle

The Paterno Castle, was an early 20th century Neo-Gothic four-story 35-room castle shaped mansion located in New York City, where Charles Paterno lived, in what is now an apartment complex.
The completed castle survived barely two decades. Paterno later moved from the castle to Greenwich, Connecticut, and in 1938 he decided to demolish the castle and most of the surrounding estate to erect the "Castle Village" complex of co-operative apartments. The area was becoming increasingly residential, and The New York Times quoted Paterno as saying that "the many improvements in that part of the city...had led to a strong residential movement in that area with a definite demand for the finer type of garden type apartments."
Some remnants of the estate can still be seen to this day.

## Gallery

* The Colosseum apartment building in 1910
* The Paterno in 1910
* Hudson View Gardens as seen from Bennett Park
* A building of the Castle Village complex
* 825 Fifth Avenue, c.1939-1941
* A remnant of the Paterno estate, now a utility building for Castle Village
* The retaining wall from the estate is still used for Castle Village, seen behind it.
* A stone pillar remnant from the estate
* The "Pumpkin House", the former guest house of the Paterno estate as seen from the Hudson River Greenway.
# Chef d'escadre

Chef d'escadre (pronounced; literally "squadron commander") was a rank in the French Navy during the Ancien Régime and until the French Revolution. The rank was changed to contre-amiral by a law passed on 15 May 1791.

## History

The first chefs d'escadre were created by Louis XIII in 1627 - he had a "chef d'escadre of Normandy" commanding the port of Le Havre, a chef d'escadre of Brittany commanding Brest, and a chef d'escadre of Guyenne commanding Brouage. Each of these chefs d'escadres, as officiers d'épée, were flanked by a commissaire général, an officier de plume.
Their numbers grew rapidly: in 1635 a chef d'escadre of Provence was created, then in 1647 a chef d'escadre for Flanders, in 1663 one for Poitou-Saintonge, in 1673 one for Picardy and one for Languedoc, in 1689 one for Aunis, in 1701 one for America, and in 1707 one for Roussillon. After 1715, there were more chefs d'escadre than there were coastal provinces, and so they started taking the title "chefs d'escadre des armées navales" (squadron-chiefs of the naval armies). From 1772, there were 25 of them.
The chefs d'escadres were chosen from among the capitaines de vaisseau; as the flag of their command they flew a "cornette" at the top of their flagship's main-mast (a flag named after its resemblance in shape to a cornette, making it roughly the same shape as a British commodore's 'broad pennant').
The rank of Chef d'escadre was junior to that of Lieutenant-général des armées navales. From 25 March 1765, the rank was senior to Brigadier des armées navales, renamed to Chef de Division on 1 January 1786.

## Sources and references

Notes
Citations
* ↑ Vergé-Franceschi (2002), p. 339.
* ↑ Vergé-Franceschi (2002), p. 250.
References
* Vergé-Franceschi, Michel (2002). Dictionnaire d'Histoire maritime. Paris: Robert Laffont. ISBN 2-221-08751-8.
# Chemical Playschool 10

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Chemical Playschool 10 is an album of old and new unreleased material and a previous version of The Saucers Are Coming from Hallway of the Gods. It was released by The Legendary Pink Dots in 1997.

## Personnel

* Qa'Sepel – vocals, keyboards, drones, effects, tapes
* Silverman (Phil Knight) – keyboards
* Niels van Hoornblower – horns, flute
* Martijn de Kleer – acoustic & electric guitar, bass, drums
* Ryan Moore – bass, drums
* Edwin von Trippenhof – electric guitar
* Frank Verschuuren – sound devices, effects
* cEvin Key – drums on Nouveaux Modes Exotiques
# Charlie Coffey (disambiguation)

Charlie Coffey (1934–2015) was an American college football player and coach.
Charles or Charlie Coffey or Coffee may also refer to:
* Charlie Coffey (writer), American writer, actor and producer
* Charles Coffey (died 1745), Irish playwright and composer
* Charles Coffee, see United States results in Greco-Roman wrestling
* Shelby Coffey III (Charles Shelby Coffey III), American journalist and editor
# Cheilosia albipila

Cheilosia albipila is a European and Palearctic species of hoverfly. Like most Cheilosia it is black, and because of this may often be overlooked as a hoverfly. It is little recorded but probably widespread and common and maybe overlooked because adult flight periods are early in the year, before many hoverfly recorders are active.

## Description

External images.Wing length 8·75-10·75 mm. The wings are unclouded. The entire pubescence is long and reddish. The tergites have a purple sheen. The antennae are clear orange, the tip sometimes slightly darkened. The face of the male with the central prominence sometimes peculiarly depressed at middle. Female has yellow femora and tarsi.
The larva is illustrated by Rotheray (1993)

## Distribution

It is distributed from Scandinavia to south of the Pyrenees, and from Ireland eastwards through much of northern and central Europe and European parts of Russia and central Siberia.

## Biology

Habitat tracks and clearings in forest and at the edge of woodland and tracks through carr. The larvae of C. albipila feed inside the base of the stems of Marsh Thistles (Cirsium palustre') Adult Females lay eggs in the rosettes of mature plants in early spring when adults are most active. Usually there is only one larvae per plant and they feed by tunnelling up the pithy centre of the main thistles stem. The larvae mature about mid to late June in southern UK and then leave the plant to pupate in the soil around the thistle. Flight times of adults are Late February to May, peeking around mid April. Adults feed on Bellis, Betula, Caltha, Cardamine, Corylus, Prunus spinosa, Ribes uvacrispa, Salix, Taraxacum, Tussilago and Vaccinium.
# Cheilosia caltha

Cheilosia caltha, the prairie blacklet, is a fairly common species of syrphid fly observed across North America. Hoverflies can remain nearly motionless in flight. The adults are also known as flower flies for they are commonly found on flowers from which they get both energy-giving nectar and protein rich pollen. Larvae, when known, are plant feeders.
# Checheng Fu'an Temple

The Checheng Fu'an Temple (traditional Chinese: 車城福安宮; simplified Chinese: 车城福安宫; pinyin: Chēchéng Fú'ān Gōng) is a temple in Checheng Township, Pingtung County, Taiwan.

## History

The temple was originally built as the Jinsheng Pavilion in 1662 to worship Tudigong during the Qing Dynasty under Kangxi Emperor to accommodate migrant people from Quanzhou in Checheng. It was later renamed as Fu'an Shrine after funds were raised and the pavilion was renovated during the Jiaqing Emperor. In 1953, it was officially renamed as Checheng Fu'an Temple.

## Architecture

The temple was built with Northern China royal temple style. It is the largest temple in Taiwan that is dedicated to Tudigong.
# Chenies

Chenies is a village and civil parish in south-east Buckinghamshire, England. It is on the border with Hertfordshire, east of Amersham and north of Chorleywood.

## History

Until the 13th century, the village name was Isenhampstead. There were two villages here, called Isenhampstead Chenies and Isenhampstead Latimers, distinguished by the lords of the manors of those two places. In the 19th century the prefix was dropped and the two villages became known as Chenies and Latimer.
Near this village there was once a royal hunting-box, where both King Edward I and King Edward II were known to have resided. It was the owner of this lodge, Edward III's shield bearer, Thomas Cheyne, who first gave his name to the village and his descendant, Sir John Cheyne, who built Chenies Manor House in around 1460 on the site.
Several paper mills were once established in Chenies, operated by the River Chess, which flowed here from further west in Buckinghamshire.

## St Michael's Church

The parish church of St Michael includes the Bedford Chapel, burial place of many notable members of the Russell family. The church is not of great architectural interest but stands in an attractive position in the Chess Valley near the manor house. "The fabulous series of monuments to the Russells, Dukes of Bedford, and their connexions ... [are according to] the late Mrs. Esdaile ...'one of the finest collections of tombs in England'."
The Churchyard Extension contains the war grave of an airman of World War II, Aircraftsman 2nd Class John Lionel Crook who died on 12 December 1944.

## Sport

Chenies and Latimer Cricket Club play at the cricket ground in the village.
# Buskiella

Buskiella is a genus of pelagic polychaete annelids placed either in the family Flotidae or Flabelligeridae. In appearance, they are generally bluish or yellowish, depending on lighting conditions, and live exclusively in very deep water. They move by swinging their bodies from side to side, "rowing with [their] bristles." Species have nine to eleven chaetigers (chaeta-bearing segments).

## Appearance
### Buskiella abyssorum

Buskiella abyssorum are covered by a transparent mucus sheath. Like flabelligerid worms, they have a cephalic cage, a structure of long, slender chaetae forming a fan-like structure around the head. They also have prominent, well-developed parapodia.
The species was first described by McIntosh in 1885 from deep waters off Sierra Leone. It has since been reported in the same area, as well as further out in the Atlantic ocean.

### Buskiella flabelligera

Buskiella flabelligera was first described as Flota flabelligera by Olga Hartman off southwestern Chile in 1967.
Buskiella flabelligera have less than ten segments and are covered by a thick mucus sheath. They are covered with papillae, especially Bioluminescence reported from this species, spanning length of the body but with distinctly brighter spots. The species is most similar to B. vitjasi.

### Buskiella vitjasi

Buskiella vitjasi (originally described in 1977 as Flota vitjasi) grows to between 20 and 30 mm long and has 9 chaetigers. They are found at depths between 4000 and 6000 metres below sea level near Kuril-Kamchatka trench in the Pacific Ocean. The colour in preserved specimens varies between reddish brown and light brown. Their gelatinous sheath is thick and translucent, and covers both the head and the body.

## Taxonomic history

* 1967: Genus Flota described with one species (F. flabelligera) in the family Flabelligeridae by Olga Hartman in her "Polychaetous Annelids Collected by the USNS Eltanin and Staten Island Cruises, Chiefly from Antarctic Seas"
* 1971: Genus transferred by Hartman into the newly-erected Fauveliopsidae.
* 1977: A second species, Flota vitjasi, is described by Galina N. Buzhinskaja.
* 1996: Flota placed in new family, Flotidae, erected by Buzhinskaja.
* 2001: Rouse considers Flota very close to Poeobiidae, and placed both in Flabelligeridae. He also considered the family Flotidae "redundant".
* 2006: Buzhinskaja defends the family status of Flotidae and re-establishes it.
* 2007: Flota species are transferred to within Buskiella.
# John Williams (art historian)

John W. Williams (February 25, 1928 – June 6, 2015) was an American art historian was an expert in Spanish medieval art, especially its illuminated manuscripts. He was Andrew W. Mellon Professor of History of Art and Architecture end eventually Professor Emeritus, Medieval Art and Architecture, both at the University of Pittsburgh.
Williams's best known work is The Illustrated Beatus, a five-volume work. It was turned into the documentary film Beatus: The Spanish Apocalypse.
# Eastern General Hospital

The Eastern General Hospital was a health facility in Seafield Street in Leith, Edinburgh, Scotland. It was managed by NHS Lothian at its time of closure and prior to that was managed by Lothian Health Board.

## History

The hospital was designed by Joseph Marr Johnston and was established in 1907 by Leith Parish Council as the Leith Poorhouse. Although it was built in two sections, a poorhouse section and a hospital section, the poorhouse section was almost immediately converted for medical use. It was requisitioned for military use during the First World War. An operating theatre and accommodation for nurses was added at this point. In 1931, plans were approved for conversion to a hospital. It joined the National Health Service in 1948 and developed considerable expertise in prosthetics before closing in 2007.
# Deauville Criteria

The Deauville 5-point scoring system is an internationally accepted and utilized five-point scoring system for the fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) avidity of a Hodgkin lymphoma or Non-Hodgkin lymphoma tumor mass as seen on FDG positron emission tomography:
* Score 1: No uptake above the background
* Score 2: Uptake ≤ mediastinum
* Score 3: Uptake > mediastinum but ≤ liver
* Score 4: Uptake moderately increased compared to the liver at any site
* Score 5: Uptake markedly increased compared to the liver at any site
* Score X: New areas of uptake unlikely to be related to lymphoma
Scores of 1 and 2 are considered to be negative and 4 and 5 are considered to be positive. "Score 3 should be interpreted according to the clinical context but in many Hodgkin Lymphoma patients indicates a good prognosis with standard treatment."

## History

Deauville score was developed at Guy's and Saint Thomas Hospital in London after an international meeting at Deauville, France in 2009.
# Lake Heather

Lake Heather (Wai Te Huahua) is a dune lake in the Far North District of New Zealand. It is located west of the town of Awanui, and between the larger Lake Ngatu and Lake Rotoroa.
Lake Heather has no inflow or outflow streams. The lake catchment is primarily pasture, with scrub along the eastern border. The margins are fenced and have recently had native planting.

## Water quality and ecology

The lake is monitored by Northland Regional Council, and the environmental information can be viewed on the LAWA website. The Bushland Trust, working with the Department of Conservation and Northland Regional Council, is undertaking restoration at Lake Rotoroa, as well as other nearby dune lakes, such as Lake Rotoroa, Lake Rotokawau, Lake Ngatu, Lake Gem, and Lake Ngakapua.
# Jane Yonge

Jane Yonge is a New Zealand theatre director of Fijian and Chinese descent.

## Biography

Yonge grew up in Auckland. Her father is Fijian and her mother was Chinese-Fijian. Yonge's mother died when she was 23 years old and Yonge travelled to China to explore her mother's culture.
Yonge graduated from the University of Auckland in 2011 with a bachelor's degree in drama. In 2013 she moved to Wellington and studied theatre at Victoria University of Wellington and Toi Whakaari: New Zealand Drama School, graduating in 2015 with a master's degree of theatre arts in directing. In 2019 she studied in New York under a Fulbright Program award, graduating with a master's degree in arts politics from New York University Tisch School of the Arts.

## Career

| Year | Production | Company | Role | Awards and nominations |
| 2022 | Scenes from a Yellow Peril | Auckland Theatre Company | Director | |
| 2021 | Slay the Dragon, Save the Dragon or Neither | BATS Theatre, Wellington | Director | |
| 2019 | A Fricken Dangerous Space-mas | Basement Theatre, Auckland | Director | |
| 2018 | At the Wake | Circa Theatre, Wellington | Director | |
| 2017-2018 | The Basement Tapes | | Co-creator and director | Fringe First, Week One (Edinburgh Festival Fringe 2018) Best Performance Award - The Stage (Edinburgh Festival Fringe 2018) Melbourne Fringe Tour Ready Award (New Zealand Fringe Festival 2017) Best Director (Wellington Theatre Awards, 2017) |
| 2017-2018 | WEiRdO | BATS Theatre, Wellington and Basement Theatre, Auckland | Director | |
| 2016 | Hetero-perfomative | Basement Theatre, Auckland | Director | |
| 2016 | Page Turners | New Zealand Festival | Director | |
# Eupithecia thiaucourti

Eupithecia thiaucourti is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Ecuador.
# Electoral district of Loddon (Victorian Legislative Council)

The Electoral district of Loddon was one of the original sixteen electoral districts of the old unicameral Victorian Legislative Council of 1851 to 1856. Victoria being a colony in Australia at the time. 36°S 144°E﻿ / ﻿36°S 144°E﻿ / -36; 144
The Electoral district of Loddon's area was defined as: "Bounded on the south by the Counties of Dalhousie Talbot and Ripon from the Goulburn River to the source of the Avoca River on the west by the Avoca River to Lake Bael Bael and thence by a line due north to the River Murray on the north and north-east by the River Murray and the Goulburn River and on the east by the Goulburn River."

## Members

One member originally, two from the expansion of the Council in 1853.
| Member 1 | Term |
| William Campbell | Nov. 1851 – May 1854 | Member 2 | Term |
| Thomas Howard Fellows | Sep. 1854 – Mar. 1856 | John Goodman | Aug. 1853 – Mar. 1856 |
$^r$ = resigned
# Negra consentida

Negra consentida ("Spoiled Black Girl") is a 1949 Mexican film. It was written by Luis Alcoriza.
# Deep Roots

Deep Roots may refer to:
* Deep Roots (radio program), a Canadian radio program focusing on folk and roots music
* Deep Roots (Steven Curtis Chapman album), 2013
* Deep Roots (Lorez Alexandria album), 1962
* Deep Roots (novel), a 2018 novel by Ruthanna Emrys
* Deep Roots, a 2023 novel by Sung J. Woo
# Cleveland Robinson

Cleveland Lowellyn "Cleve" Robinson (December 12, 1914 – August 23, 1995) was a Jamaican-born American labor organizer and civil rights activist. He was a key figure in the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, for which he acted as the Chairman of the Administrative Committee.

## Life

Cleveland Robinson was born in Swabys Hope, in Manchester Parish, Jamaica. After serving as a local constable and an elementary school teacher, he emigrated to the U.S. in 1944. When he arrived, he took a job in a Manhattan dry goods store and very soon became active in District 65. In 1947 he owned his own shop; he went on to become a steward, and then a full-time organizer for the union. He was elected vice-president in 1950 and later in 1952 became secretary-treasurer. He held that position until he retired in 1992. When District 65 was affiliated with the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Workers Union, Robinson held the positions of international vice-president and executive board member of that union. After disagreements with the retail, wholesale and department store workers union District 65 pulled out and organized the National Council of Distributive Workers of America and Robinson was elected president of the new body. In 1981, District 65 was affiliated with the United Auto Workers. At that time the union had 33,000 members in 37 states, Canada and Puerto Rico.
Robinson was a stalwart of the civil rights movement. In 1957, he participated in the Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom. He was the chairman and one of the key organizers of the August 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In September 1972, he helped to found the Coalition of Black Trade Unionists (CBTU), successor organization to the Negro American Labor Council (NALC), and served as its first vice-president.
Robinson suffered from glaucoma for many years, and was legally blind by 1970. His level of commitment and activity was in no way impaired by this disability. He never lost touch with his Jamaican origins and traveled to the island often, keeping up a keen interest in a number of Jamaican-American political, cultural and fraternal organizations.
Robinson died of kidney failure in New York City in August 1995. His papers are held by the Tamiment Library & Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives, New York University.

## Family

His first wife was Sue Eliza Robinson; they had two sons and a daughter. When she died in 1976, he married Doreen McPherson Robinson.