OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Professor Genius

Professor Genius is a character, who originated in the comic strip Little Nemo in Slumberland by Winsor McCay and other subsequent media. He is the right-hand man to King Morpheus, the ruler of Slumberland. His main jobs are to look after the Princess, Little Nemo, and make sure the King's things are in order.

## Little Nemo comics

In the original Little Nemo comics, musical and vaudeville, Professor Genius appeared with a different personality and appearance as "Dr. Pill."

## Little Nemo: Adventures in Slumberland

In the 1992 movie Little Nemo: Adventures in Slumberland, Professor Genius is given the task of bringing Little Nemo to Slumberland by dirigible and is successful. Along the way he looks after Little Nemo and introduces him to King Morpheus and Princess Camille. He also brings Nemo to his prince lessons, which Nemo detests. After the Nightmare King is released, Professor Genius is one of the few that join Nemo's group, to make a rescue attempt to save the King.
He is voiced in the movie by the late René Auberjonois.

## Appearances in video games

While most of the major characters in the film appeared in the video game Little Nemo: The Dream Master, the Professor was absent. However, in the Nemo Arcade game, he was seen in the opening scene and the ending scene
# Harry Hedditch

Harold Read "Harry" Hedditch (13 March 1893 – 23 May 1974) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Bridgewater to farmer William Forward Hedditch and Marian Nunn Jones. He became a bookkeeper and typist, and also ran the family farm at Portland from 1918. He became a real estate agent and also ran a garage. On 28 August 1921 he married Amy Elizabeth Gillies, with whom he had two children; he would later marry a second time, to Bernice Hope Boddington. He served on Portland Borough Council from 1933 to 1943 and was mayor from 1941 to 1943. In 1943 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for Port Fairy and Glenelg; a Country Party member, he was an unendorsed candidate but joined the parliamentary party. His seat was abolished in 1945 and he was defeated running for Portland. He was elected for Portland in 1947, and in 1949 resigned from the Country Party to join the Liberal and Country Party. He was defeated a second time in 1950. Hedditch died at Geelong East in 1974.
# Cheney Culpeper

Sir Cheney Culpeper (1601–1663) was an English landowner, a supporter of Samuel Hartlib, and a largely non-political figure of his troubled times, interested in technological progress and reform. His sister Judith was the second wife of John Colepeper, 1st Baron Colepeper.

## Landowner

He was the eldest son of Sir Thomas Colepeper of Hollingbourne, Kent and Elizabeth Cheney of Guestling, Sussex. After legal training, he was knighted in 1628. He had an estate at Great Wigsell, Salehurst, East Sussex, which he bought from his brother-in-law Lord Colepeper, but had possession of it only briefly. He bought Elmley Castle, Worcestershire in 1650. He lived mainly at Leeds Castle, which his father had purchased for his sons in 1632. Being later disinherited by his father, he became heavily indebted. During the English Civil War, he was a convinced Parliamentarian, unlike his father who was a staunch Royalist, and sat on the County Committee for Sequestration. This clash of opinions no doubt explains his father's decision to disinherit him. He never regained possession of his estates, and died a ruined man only a year after his father.

## Family

He married his cousin Elizabeth Stede, daughter of Sir John Stede of Harrietsham (the common ancestor was Joan Pordage, who married firstly William Stede and secondly Francis Colepeper). They had two surviving daughters, Cicely, who married William Cage (died 1676) of Milgate House, Thurnham, a lawyer, by whom she was the mother of the politician William Cage (died 1738), and Elizabeth, fourth wife of Christopher Milles of Herne Bay. Elizabeth was still alive in 1710, when we found her corresponding with her cousin, the writer Elizabeth Freke (who was the daughter of Sir Cheney's sister, the elder Cecily).

## Hartlib circle

Of the Hartlibians, he had most to do with Benjamin Worsley. He was interested in alchemy, but most of all in agricultural topics. While on the Parliamentarian side, he was a moderate, against the more theocratic tendencies. He had contacts in Parliament; but insufficient influence to make a real difference in the attitude to Hartlib's projects.
# Bilsby

Bilsby is a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies on the main A1111 road between Alford and Sutton-on-Sea, 1 mile (1.6 km) east of Alford. Thurlby and Asserby are hamlets within Bilsby parish. The censuses showed a parish population of 538 in 2001 and 487 in 2011, with an estimate of 489 in 2019.

## History

Bilsby appears in the 1086 Domesday Book with 18 households. Its name may derive from the Norse goddess Bil.
Mumby Road railway station used to be situated here. In 1897, Thurlby would have been an important junction between the Sutton and Willoughby Railway (part of the East Lincolnshire Railway) and a proposed line from a new port at Sutton-on-Sea to another in Warrington to be built by the Lancashire, Derbyshire and East Coast Railway.
A steam tramway ran through Bilsby between 1884 and 1889. The Alford and Sutton Tramway ran from Alford town to Sutton-on-Sea on rails set into the road; it opened in 1884, but closed only five years later.

## Landmarks

Bilsby Parish Church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, is a Grade II* Listed Building, dating from the 15th century. It was extensively repaired in 1841. The building is stuccoed, with an 18th-century stone tower with brick battlements. The pulpit stem is the bole of a tree, with steps cut from another. A memorial slab in the chancel commemorates Sir John Byllesby (died 1640), a prominent figure in his day. His descendant, Major H. M. Byllesby (US Air Service), largely aided a restoration of the church in 1918.
Built about 1740, Bilsby House is a mansion in Georgian style on the site of an older moated, castellated house, reputedly the residence of the Bilsby, sometimes spelt Billesby, family. This family appears to have left the original mansion in 1616.
Bilsby windmill was built in 1861 and later extended. It operated until 1932. Although disused and missing its cap, the tower of the mill still stands as a Grade II listed building.

## Thurlby and Asserby

Thurlby is mentioned in the Domesday Book as a settlement of 18 households. Today it is a hamlet in the parish of Bilsby, but in medieval times it was a parish in its own right, with a church dedicated to St Mary, of which no trace remains.
Earthworks have confirmed that the hamlet of Asserby is smaller today than in medieval times. Unlike Thurlby, it is not mentioned in Domesday and did not have its own church.

## Population

Population of Bilsby Civil Parish :
| Year | 1801 | 1811 | 1821 | 1831 | 1841 | 1851 | 1881 | 1891 | 1901 | 1911 | 1921 | 1931 | 1951 | 1961 | 2001 | 2011 |
| Population | 337 | 373 | 416 | 453 | 584 | 611 | 510 | 450 | 387 | 377 | 313 | 318 | 293 | 251 | 415 | 487 |

## Geography

vteDestinations from Bilsby :
Aby with Greenfield, Muckton, Louth
Beesby, Maltby le Marsh, Theddlethorpe
Markby, Sutton-on-Sea, Mablethorpe
Tothby, South Thoresby, Swaby
Bilsby
Huttoft, Anderby Creek
Well, Ulceby, Spilsby
Farlesthorpe, Willoughby, Welton le Marsh
Mumby, Hogsthorpe, Chapel St Leonards :

## Sources

* Streatfield, George Sidney (1884). Lincolnshire and the Danes. K. Paul, Trench & Co.
# Kıyıcık, Fındıklı

Kıyıcık is a village in the Fındıklı District, Rize Province, in Black Sea Region of Turkey. Its population is 208 (2021).

## History

According to list of villages in Laz language book (2009), name of the village is Mosxora or Motsxore (მოცხორე or მაცხორა). Most villagers are ethnically Laz. There is a neighborhood named Güzelyalı (Kontiva) in the village.

## Geography

The village is located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) away from Fındıklı.
# Etta Josselyn Giffin

Esther "Etta" Josselyn Giffin (July 31, 1863 – July 29, 1932), sometimes seen as Etta Josselyn Giffen, was an American librarian. She was the first director of the National Library for the Blind in Washington, D.C., and a delegate to several international conferences on libraries and services for blind people.

## Early life and education

Giffin was born in Newark, Ohio, and raised in Ottawa, Kansas.

## Career

Giffin was the first director of the National Library for the Blind in Washington, D.C. Beginning in 1897 with basic braille texts and a reading room at the Library of Congress, she built a large and diverse collection of materials and established an entertainment schedule, including public readings, game tables with adapted cards and boards, and musical concerts, including works and performances by blind musicians and composers. She raised funds, and hired blind braille copyists to transcribe audio materials. The reading room was closed in 1911, and the library was incorporated as an independent organization in 1912, with Giffin as its director.
Giffin gave a lecture about her work at the American Association of Workers for the Blind, held in Boston in 1907. She was a delegate to at least five International Conferences on the Blind, in Brussels (1902), Edinburgh (1905), Manchester (1908), Vienna (1910), Cairo (1911), and London (1914). "I am happy to state that practical aid for the blind is finding its way rapidly into all parts of the world," she told a newspaper in 1911 on her return from Cairo. During and after World War I, she arranged for recreational and rehabilitation materials to be provided to military hospitals for American soldiers blinded in battle.

## Publications

* "Reading Room for the Blind, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C." (1907)
* "National Library for the Blind" (1925)

## Personal life

Giffin died in 1932, two days before her 69th birthday. She was the subject of a posthumous biography, Etta Josselyn Giffin: Pioneer Librarian for the Blind (1959) by Victoria Faber Stevenson, with an introduction by Helen Keller.
# Badile

Badile may refer to:
* Antonio Badile (c. 1518–1560), an Italian painter from Verona
* Piz Badile, a mountain in Switzerland/Italy
# Alya Baffoun

Alya or Alia Baffoun is a Tunisian feminist and sociologist.

## Life

Alya Baffoun studied at the University of Paris, gaining a PhD in psychology in 1969 with a thesis on the loss of schoolteachers in Third World countries. She joined the University of Tunis, where she was based in the Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences, and at the Center for Social and Economic Study and Research (CERES). In 1980 she was among 12 expert co-authors of a UNESCO document on research and teaching.

## Works

* 'Tunisian Women's Access to Salaried Work', Al-Raida Journal, Issue 20 (May 1982), pp. 7–8. https://doi.org/10.32380/alrj.v0i0.1489
* 'Women and Social Change in the Muslim Arab World', Women's Studies International Forum, Vol. 5, Issue 2 (1982), pp. 227–242. Translated from the French by Azizah al-Hibri and Eric Deudon.
* (with Fredj Stambouli) Social science and historical specificity: the case of the Arab Maghreb. Vienna Institute for Development, 1982
* 'Research in the Social Sciences on North African Women: Problems, Trends and Needs', in Social Science Research and Women in the Arab World, Paris: Unesco, 1984.
* 'Future of Feminism in Africa', Echo, AAWORD Newsletter 2/3 (1985), pp. 4–6
* 'Feminism and Muslim Fundamentalism: The Tunisian and Algerian Cases', in Valentine M. Moghadam, ed., Identity Politics and Women , Westview Press, 1994.
# Hasibe Eren

Hasibe Özlem Eren (born 6 June 1975) is a Turkish actress. She starred in the Show TV animated series Sıdıka in 1997. Eren played the role of Makbule on the show Avrupa Yakası.

## Life and career

Hasibe Eren graduated from Istanbul University, Department of Market Research and Advertising. Later, she graduated from the School of Letters, Department of Theater Criticism and Dramaturgy. In 2010, she graduated from Bahçeşehir University Advanced Acting Master's Program.
Eren first rose to prominence with her role as a voice actress in the 1997 Show TV animated series Sıdıka. Since 1996, she has been working at the children's education unit of the Istanbul City Theatres.
She was later cast in the movie Anlat İstanbul, appearing in the segment inspired by the story of Cinderella. She also served as an acting coach for Ece Hakim and Azra Akın in the same movie, and later coached Ege Tanman for her role in Babam ve Oğlum. Between 2006 and 2008, she was a regular on hit sitcom Avrupa Yakası, portraying the role of Makbule.
She started her career as a TV presenter by presenting the Bir Zamanlar Türkiye program on 24 in 2008. Between 2010 and 2011, she played the role of Gülizar on the TRT 1 comedy series Yerden Yüksek. From 2011 to 2014, she was a regular on the Kanal D hit sitcom series Yalan Dünya, portraying the character Gülistan. In 2016, she appeared as Emel on the ATV series Aile İşi, which ended in May 2016.
Since 2022, She plays numerous different roles in sketches theatrical comedy "Güldür Güldür Show" which release on ShowTv.

## Theatre

* Arzunun Onda Dokuzu
* Yaşar Ne Yaşar Ne Yaşamaz (play)|Yaşar Ne Yaşar Ne Yaşamaz
* Rumuz Goncagül
* Yeditepeli Aşk

## Filmography

* Hazine 2022
* Güldür Güldür Nazlı 2022–
* Hakim Gülbahar Yalçın 2022
* Sen Ben Lenin Meryem 2021
* Jet Sosyete Pelin Soner / Şennur Yılmaz / Gülnur Kühn 2018–2020
* Türk Malı Bakiye Çekirdek 2017
* Aile İşi Emel 2016
* Kara Bela Kudret'in karısı 2015
* Pazarları Hiç Sevmem Reyhan 2012
* Yalan Dünya Gülistan 2011–2014
* Yerden Yüksek Gülizar 2010
* Adab-ı Muaşeret
* Anlat İstanbul
* Kıskanmak 2009
* Usta Hilal 2008
* Avrupa Yakası Makbule Kıral 2006–2009
* Yağmur Zamanı Turna 2004
* Oyuncak Fabrikası 2003
* Kibar Ana 2002
* Canım Kocacığım 2002
* Aşk Meydan Savaşı İclal 2002
* Şaşı Felek Çıkmazı Nurşim 2000
* Sıdıka Sıdıka Saka 1997

## Awards

* 2007: 34th Golden Butterfly Awards - Best Comedy Actress
# Chatswood Mall

Chatswood Mall (also known as Victoria Avenue Mall) is a pedestrian mall on Victoria Avenue in the Sydney, Australia suburb of Chatswood. It connects the Chatswood Interchange to the Chatswood shopping district and The Concourse.

## History

Retail development in Chatswood started in 1959 on the eastern side of the railway station with the opening of Waltons and Grace Bros. The opening of Wallace Way, Lemon Grove and later Chatswood Chase (1983) and Westfield Chatswood (1986) heralded a new era of shopping centres east of the railway line. The section between Victor and Anderson Street was converted into a partial mall in late 1982. In 1989 section between Anderson Street and The Interchange became a full pedestrian mall. Parking was to be provided on the perimeter of the business centre (with the ultimate phasing out of motor vehicles in the CBD over a five-year period).

## Redevelopment

In 2010, Willoughby City Council lodged a $4.1 million upgrade of Chatswood Mall. Vibrant lighting, sculptural elements, tree plantings and fresh new street furniture palettes have been installed in Chatswood Mall. The upgrade was completed in 2011.

## Shopping centres

Five shopping centres and arcades are located on or close to Chatswood Mall:
* Westfield Chatswood - Opened in 1986 and is home to 282 stores
* Chatswood Chase - Opened in 1983 and is home to 209 stores
* Lemon Grove - One of the oldest shopping centre in Chatswood which opened in 1981 and connects to the former Wallace Way site
* The Gallery - An arcade with three levels of shops
* Victoria Plaza - A small shopping centre located near Chatswood Mall
* Orchard Arcade - An arcade located below the Orchard Tavern and has 22 speciality stores

## Events

The Melody Markets are held each Thursday and Friday in Chatswood Mall and feature food and craft stalls and live music visited by more than 30,000 people daily.

## Gallery

* Victoria Avenue heading towards Chatswood Mall
* Chatswood Mall prior to 2011 redevelopment
* Melody Markets in Chatswood Mall
* Chatswood Mall in 2018
# Binary cam

The binary cam is a design for the pulley system of a compound bow. Craig Yehle, director of research and development at Bowtech Archery, received a patent for the design on December 11, 2007. Bowtech started equipping its bows with the new cam design in the 2005 model year.

## Mechanics

The binary cam is described as a modified twin cam setup where each cam is slaved to the other via a loop of string connecting the two cams. This is contrasted with a typical twin cam setup where the ends of the bowstring are physically anchored onto each of the bow limbs.
As a twin cam system relies on each cam rotating independently, based solely on the force of the string and the resistance of the bow limbs being absolutely symmetrical, there is room for a twin cam system to "lose tune" through wear and tear, string stretch, or just general age. The effect of a detuned twin cam bow is that the two cams rotate out of sync with each other, causing the bowstring to accelerate in two alternating directions upon release. This causes a number of adverse consequences, the most obvious being unsteady arrow flight.
The binary cam overcomes this by 'slaving' each cam to the other; as one cam is unable to rotate without the direct equivalent action of the other, the two rotate in near perfect synchronization, with any possible differences in rotation automatically correcting themselves as the shot cycle is completed. In effect, a binary cam bow never needs cam-timing tuning, whereas a high end twin cam equivalent might need it done as often as every few months in order to maintain critical accuracy. Bowtech pays Rex Darlington of Darton Archery royalties for use of this cam design.
# Friedrich Knauer

Friedrich Knauer may refer to:
* Friedrich Knauer (chemist) (1897–?), German physical chemist
* Friedrich Knauer (zoologist) (1850–1926), Austrian zoologist
# Protesilaus molops

Protesilaus molops is a species of butterfly found in the Neotropical realm.

## Subspecies

* P. m. molops Ecuador, Colombia
* P. m. hetaerius (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906) Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil
* P. m. megalurus (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906) Brazil (Minas Gerais)

## Description

The 1. and 2. black band of the forewing broad and both or at least one of them extending to the hindmargin, the 4. band usually reaching quite across the cell. The denticulate, deflexed dorsal margin of the harpe rounded-dilated. Tropical South America, widely distributed, but only singly among the white butterflies of this group.
molops R & J Antenna brownish yellow; the black lateral stripe of the abdomen as broad as the yellow-white stripe placed at its dorsal side; 1. and 2. band of the forewing broad, the 1. not extending to the hindmargin, the other bands likewise broad, the 6. especially is broader than in all the other forms of the protesilaus group, being at least as broad as the inter-space between bands 5 and 6 ; this 6. band close to the lower angle of the cell. Dorsal margin of the harpe abruptly dilated. North-west Ecuador and west Colombia.
hetaerius R & J Easy to differentiate from the preceding form by the thinner black bands; it is so similar to the protesilaus forms occurring together with hetaerius as to be easily mistaken for them, but is much smaller than the Colombian protesilaus and has a much less sharply dentate hindwing. Sides of the frons always white; 1. and 2. band of the forewing extending to the hindmargin, or the 2. band very little abbreviated; the white submarginal lunule between the 1. and 2. radial of the hindwing narrower than the corresponding marginal lunule; the interspace between the subbasal and median band on the under surface of the hindwing longer than in protesilaus. Harpe somewhat different from the harpe of molops, dorsal and ventral edges more denticulate, the ventral process longer and curved towards the ventral edge of the clasper. Guiana, Amazons, Colombia, Ecuador (except the western side), Peru and Bolivia.
megalurus R & J Antenna black as in the Brazilian protesilaus: frons laterally white; the white subdorsal line of the abdomen thin; 1. and 2. band of the forewing extend to the hindmargin, 6. band separated from the angle of the cell; the black markings of the hindwing somewhat more developed than in hetaerius, the red anal spot longer; tail long and broad. Dorsal edge of the harpe less dilated than in the other forms of molops. Brazil: Leopoldina, but probably more widely distributed.

## Taxonomy

Difficult to separate from Protesilaus glaucolaus. hetaerius R & transferred to P. macrosilaus and replaced in P. molops by leucosilaus (Zikan) by Hancock
# Balanced salt solution

A balanced salt solution (BSS) is a solution made to a physiological pH and isotonic salt concentration. Solutions most commonly include sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and chloride. Balanced salt solutions are used for washing tissues and cells and are usually combined with other agents to treat the tissues and cells. They provide the cells with water and inorganic ions, while maintaining a physiological pH and osmotic pressure.
Sometimes glucose is added as an energy source and phenol red is used as a pH indicator.
In medicine, balanced salt solutions can be used as an irrigation solution such as during intraocular surgery and to replace intraocular fluids.

## Balanced salt solutions

* Alsever's solution
* Earle's balanced salt solution (EBSS)
* Gey's balanced salt solution (GBSS)
* Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS)
* (Dulbecco's) Phosphate buffered saline (PBS)
* Puck's balanced salt solution
* Ringer's balanced salt solution (RBSS)
* Simm's balanced salt solution (SBSS)
* TRIS-buffered saline (TBS)
* Tyrode's balanced salt solution (TBSS)

### Surgical irrigation solutions

* BSS (ophthalmic irrigation solution) (produced by Alcon)
** Composition per 1 mL: sodium chloride (NaCl) 6.4 mg, potassium chloride (KCl) 0.75 mg, calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl$_2$·2H$_2$O) 0.48 mg, magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl$_2$•6H$_2$O) 0.3 mg, sodium acetate trihydrate (C$_2$H$_3$NaO$_2$·3H$_2$O) 3.9 mg, sodium citrate dihydrate (C$_6$H$_5$Na$_3$O$_7$·2H$_2$O) 1.7 mg, sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid (to adjust pH), and water for injection. The pH is approximately 7.5. The osmolality is approximately 300 mOsm/Kg.
* BSS Plus (ophthalmic irrigation solution) (produced by Alcon)
** Composition per 1 mL (once preparation complete): sodium chloride 7.14 mg (122.17 mmol), potassium chloride 0.38 mg (5.097 mmol), calcium chloride dihydrate 0.154 mg (1.04754 mmol), magnesium chloride hexahydrate 0.2 mg (0.983767 mmol), dibasic sodium phosphate 0.42 mg (2.95858 mmol), sodium bicarbonate 2.1 mg (24.998 mmol), dextrose 0.92 mg (5.1067 mmol), glutathione disulfide (oxidized glutathione) 0.184 mg (0.3003 mmol), hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide (to adjust pH), in water for injection. The reconstituted product has a pH of approximately 7.4. Osmolality is approximately 305 mOsm.