OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Earl J. Hamilton

Earl Jefferson Hamilton (1899 – 7 May 1989) was an American historian, one of the founders of economic history, and a prominent hispanist.

## Biography

Hamilton was born in Houlka, Mississippi.
He was married to Gladys Dallas Hamilton, and had one daughter, Sita Hamilton. Earl and Gladys did extensive research on the economic history of Spain.
He was professor of Duke University from 1927 to 1944; Northwestern University from 1944 to 1947, and the University of Chicago from 1947 to 1967. The State University of New York appointed him Distinguished Professor of Economic History (1966–1969). Editor of Journal of Political Economy for seven years. President of Economic History Association (1951–1952).
His major contribution was the history of prices in Spain: the concept of Price Revolution in the 16th century. The work of Hamilton was coincident intellectually with keynesianism and contemporary crisis of 1929. He started his work on this topic within the International scientific committee on price history, within which he was responsible for Spain.
He died on May 7, 1989.

## Works

* American Treasure and the Price Revolution in Spain, 1501-1650 Harvard Economic Studies, 43. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1934.
* Money, prices and wages in Valencia, Aragon and Navarre, 1351-1500 Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1936
* War and Prices in Spain, 1651-1800 Cambridge, Massachusetts Harvard University Press, 1947
# Deluge (fireboat)

    Deluge (fireboat) may refer to:
* Deluge (fireboat, 1911), a Baltimore fireboat that fought a fire aboard the Kerry Range in 1917
* Deluge (fireboat, 1923), a former fireboat, now a registered National Historic Landmark, in New Orleans
* Deluge (fireboat, 1949), a fireboat that served for forty years in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
# Easy as Pie (Gary Burton album)

Easy as Pie is an album by the Gary Burton Quartet recorded in June 1980 and released on ECM March the following year. The quartet features alto saxophonist James Odgren and rhythm section Steve Swallow and Michael Hyman.

## Reception

The AllMusic review by Scott Yanow awarded the album 3 stars, stating: "The repertoire is stronger and less introverted than usual.... Swinging sections alternate with more thoughtful pieces, resulting in a particularly well-rounded set."
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |

## Track listing

    All compositions by Chick Corea except as indicated
* "Reactionary Tango" (Carla Bley) - 11:40
* "Tweek" - 5:34
* "Blame It On My Youth" (Oscar Levant, Edward Heyman) - 5:43
* "Summer Band Camp" (Mick Goodrick) - 7:47
* "Isfahan" (Billy Strayhorn, Duke Ellington) - 8:05
* "Stardancer" - 8:55

## Personnel
### Gary Burton Quartet

* Gary Burton – vibraphone
* Jim Odgren – alto saxophone
* Steve Swallow – electric bass
* Mike Hyman – drums
# Order of San Carlos

The Order of San Carlos is a state order granted by Colombia. The order was founded 16 August 1954 to honor Colombian citizens and foreign civilians and military officers who have made outstanding contributions to the nation of Colombia, especially in the field of international relations.

## Grades

* Collar (Collar)
* Grand Cross with Gold Badge (Gran Cruz con Placa de Oro)
* Grand Cross (Gran Cruz)
* Grand Officer (Gran Oficial)
* Commander (Comendador)
* Officer (Oficial)
* Knight (Caballero)
Ribbon bars of the Order of San Carlos :
| Grand Collar | Grand Cross/Grand Cross with Gold Badge | Grand Officer |
| Commander | Officer | Knight |

## Notable recipients

* Jean-Michel Blanquer
* Queen Juliana of the Netherlands
* Eusebio Leal Spengler
* Klaus Müller-Leiendecker
* Smurfit Kappa
* Gustavo Vasco Muñoz
* Engin Yürür
* Agustín Díaz de Mera
* Yu Takeuchi
* Cristián Samper
* Condoleezza Rice
* United States Southern Command
# Ordre du Mérite Maritime

The Ordre du Mérite Maritime (French for 'Order of Maritime Merit') is a French order established on 9 February 1930 for services rendered by seafarers to recognise the risks involved and the services rendered by seamen, and reflect the important economic role of the Merchant Navy to the country. The order was reorganized in 1948, and again by decree on 17 January 2002.

## Categories

The order may be conferred on those who have rendered services to shipping, and covers:
* Merchant marine crew, civilian administrators, and the crews of lifeboats and rescues
* Naval military personnel.
* Individuals who have distinguished themselves in the maritime field.
Recipients must be over thirty and have at least fifteen years appropriate service.
The order has three classes:
* Chevalier (Knight): badge worn on the left chest on a ribbon.
* Officier (Officer): badge worn on the left chest on a ribbon bearing a rosette.
* Commandeur (Commander): badge worn around the neck.
There is also a Médaille d'Honneur des Marins (Sailors' Medal of Honour) associated with the Order.
# Eburia nigrovittata

Eburia nigrovittata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae.
# Kirk Party

The Kirk Party were a radical Presbyterian faction of the Scottish Covenanters during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. They came to the fore after the defeat of the Engagers faction in 1648 at the hands of Oliver Cromwell and the English Parliament. They purged the Covenanters' General Assembly and army of "ungodly elements" and crowned Charles II as King of Scotland in 1651, in return for his explicit endorsement of their religious and political agenda in the Treaty of Breda (1650).
Kirk is a Scottish word meaning a church, or more specifically, the Church of Scotland.
The Kirk party's religious zeal did not help their cause militarily. In the month before the Battle of Dunbar they chose to institute a searching three-day examination of the political and religious sentiments of the Scottish army. The result was that the army was purged of "Malignants", 80 officers and 3000 experienced soldiers, while it lay within musket shot of the enemy. Their ranks were to some extent made up with replacements with strong spiritual beliefs but little military experience. The Kirk party were therefore discredited when their army was routed by Cromwell's New Model Army at the Battle of Dunbar, in September 1650.
Thereafter, a more representative faction came to the fore in Scottish politics, which tried to reconcile (at least temporarily) the different factions of the Covenanters and Scottish Royalists to resist Cromwell's invasion of Scotland. However, they in turn were defeated at the battle of Worcester in 1651, leading eventually to Scotland's incorporation into the Commonwealth of England.
The Kirk party were disparagingly called "whiggamores" or "whigs" by their Scottish opponents (See the Whiggamore Raid). The nickname was later applied (equally offensively) to those, headed by Anthony Ashley Cooper, Earl of Shaftesbury, calling for the exclusion of James, Duke of York from the English throne on the grounds of his Catholicism.
# Echtra

An Echtra or Echtrae (pl. Echtrai), is a type of pre-Christian Old Irish literature about a hero's adventures in the Otherworld or with otherworldly beings.

## Definition and etymology

In Irish literature Echtrae and Immram are tales of voyages to an Otherworld. In general the "Echtrae" are set in a pagan context. In contrast the Immram, though containing mythological story elements, are set in post-pagan Ireland, and the main protagonist is Christian, and the journey is usually by sea.
A point of contention in absolute definition exists in the case of "Immram Brain maic Febail". Despite the naming this tale is considered to form part of the Echtrae milieu, and may have been named as an Immram due to a conflation of Bran (Brain) and St. Brendan.
Generally, echtra was the Old Irish word for "adventure" (literally meaning an "outing".), as well as a cognate for the Latin extra, The modern and middle Irish language word is eachtra.
The Dictionary of the Irish Language notes alternative usage meanings in addition to the primary "expedition, voyage, journey" - these include "a warlike expedition", and the more general "tale", or "history".

## Description

Though Echtrai often involve a journey to an otherworld, the exact destination or journey can vary - voyages take place by sea in Echtrae Conli; in a journey underneath a lake in Echtrae Laegairi; or into a fairy mound (Sidhe) in Echtrae Nerai; alternatively the story may not include such a journey but instead involve an interaction with otherworldly beings : in Echtrae Nerai, set on Samhain, the hero Nera sees prophetic visions whilst in the presence of a hanged man; whilst in Echtra Mac nEchach Muid-medóin, the hero Níall gains the sovereignty of Ireland by kissing a hag guarding a well.

## Works

Lists compiled from (Dumville 1976), (Duignan 2010) :
* Echtra Condla (or Echtrae Chonnlai, adventure of Conle)
* Echtrae Cormaic maic Airt i Tir Tairngiri
* Echtrae Laegairi maic Crimthann
* Echtrae Nerai (aka Táin Bó Aingen)
* Ectra Airt maic Cuinn
* Echtrae mac nEchach Mugmedoin

### Tales not titled Echtra, but considered part of milieu

* Baile in Scáil (The Phantom's Frenzy)
* The Five Lugaids
* Tochmarc Emire
* Serglige Con Chulainn
* Siaburcharpat Con Culaind
* Imram Bran

### Lost tales

* Echtrae Con Culainn
* Echtrae Chrimthaind Nia Nair
* Echtrae Fiamain
* Echtrae Con Roi
* Echtrae Chonaill
* Echtrae Chonchobair
* Echtrae Machae ingine Aeda Ruaid
* Echtrae Nechtain maic Alfroinn
* Echtrae Ailchm d maic Amalgaid
* Echtrae Find i nDerc Ferna
* Echtrae Aedain maic Gabrain
* Echtrae Mael Uma maic Baitain
* Echtrae Mongain maic Fiachna
* Echtrae Fergussa maic Leti
* Echtrae Oengusae maic Fergusa Finn
* Echtrae Chuinn Chetchathaig
* Echtrae Muirquertoig maic hErco
There are also visits to the otherworld undertaken by the hero Cuchulainn, including : Forfess Fer Fálgae, Fled Bricrenn ocus Loinges mac nDuil Dermait, and Compert Con Culainn
# Organ Pipes

Organ Pipes or The Organ Pipes may refer to:
* Organ pipes, the sound-producing element of the pipe organ
* Organ Pipes (New Zealand), a feature of Mount Cargill, in the South Island
* Organ Pipes (Namibia), a rock formation
* Organ Pipes National Park, in Victoria, Australia
* Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, in Arizona, United States
* The Organ Pipes (Antarctica), a rock formation in Queen Elizabeth Land
# Knightsbridge Schools International Bogotá

Knightsbridge Schools International Bogotá, also known as KSI Bogotá, is a bi-lingual, co-educational, private international day school for students aged 3-18, based upon the British educational system, located in Guaymaral, close to Chia, in the Bogotá savanna..
The school is part of Knightsbridge Schools International (KSI), a group of international schools based in Colombia, Montenegro, and the United Kingdom, directly affiliated with Knightsbridge School in London, offering non-denominational, multicultural, small-group instruction.

## History

KSI Bogotá was formerly known as Colegio La Candelaria, a private catholic school for girls founded by Elvira Arbelaez de Pardo in 1966. In 2012 the Knightsbridge Group added it to its network of international schools, creating KSI Bogotá, introducing bilingualism, co-education, and the International Baccalaureate educational programs.

## Curriculum

KSI Bogotá is accredited to teach the International Baccalaureate programmes and is an IB World School. The school provides the IB Primary Years Programme and IB Diploma Programme. The curriculum is made up of six subject groups and the DP core, comprising theory of knowledge (TOK), creativity, activity, service (CAS) and the extended essay. In addition to the IB core requirements, KSI Bogota offers these subjects: DP Mathematics Analysis and Approaches and Applications and Interpretations, DP Global Politics, DP Biology, DP Physics, DP Chemistry, DP English A and B, DP Spanish A and B, DP Business and Management, DP History, DP Film, DP Psychology, and DP Visual Arts.
KSI Bogotá has been categorized as "Muy Superior" in its ICFES classification, one of the highest classifications of schools in Colombia. In 2019 the school was accredited by Great Place To Study, a certification recognizing schools with a strong positive culture, measuring the overall happiness of students, staff and parents.

## House System

Knightsbridge Students are sorted into one of four houses to develop belonging and healthy competition in sports and academic activities:
| House | Colour |
| Walton | Blue |
| Milner | Red |
| Lennox | Yellow |
| Ovington | Green |

## Social - Emotional Learning

The school offers personalized Social-Emotional Education, facilitating life skills development and school-based mental health at all levels.

## Language programmes

The main languages of instruction are English and Spanish. The school offers comprehensive ESL and SSL programs aimed at international students from non-english or spanish speaking countries
# Denham (surname)

Denham is a surname of Old English origin. It originally referred to those from Denham, Buckinghamshire, Denham, Suffolk and Denholme, Yorkshire. The name of Denham may have come from Brittany as "de Dinan" (Dinan is a walled town in North West France) and carried to Scotland by Alan, Baron de Dinan. (Probably with the William the Conquer). See The name "Denham" by Virginia Denham (Detroit 1940).

## Notable persons with this name

* Anthony Denham (born 1991), American football player
* Daryl Denham, British radio DJ
* Digby Denham (1859–1944), Australian politician
* Dixon Denham, British explorer
* Henry Denham, British printer
* Henry Mangles Denham, (1800–1887), British naval officer and surveyor
* Sir James Steuart Denham (1744−1839), Scottish soldier
* Jeff Denham (born 1967), American politician
* John Denham (1615–1669), English poet
* John Denham (born 1953), British politician
* Maurice Denham (1909−2002), British actor
* Robert Denham (1885–1954), American lawyer
* Sean Denham (born 1969), Australian rules footballer
* Susan Denham (born 1945), Irish judge
* Thomas Denham, American merchant
# Affective spectrum

The affective spectrum is a spectrum of mood disorders. It is a grouping of related psychiatric and medical disorders which may accompany bipolar, unipolar, and schizoaffective disorders at statistically higher rates than would normally be expected. These disorders are identified by a common positive response to the same types of pharmacologic treatments. They also aggregate strongly in families and may therefore share common heritable underlying physiologic anomalies. Affective disorders are linked to higher rates of cardiovascular disease.

## Types

Affective spectrum disorders include:
* Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
* Bipolar disorder
* Body dysmorphic disorder
* Bulimia nervosa and other eating disorders
* Dysthymia
* Generalized anxiety disorder
* Impulse-control disorders
* Kleptomania
* Major depressive disorder
* Obsessive-compulsive disorder
* Oppositional defiant disorder
* Panic disorder
* Posttraumatic stress disorder
* Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
* Social anxiety disorder
The following may also be present as co-morbidities for affective mood disorders:
* Chronic pain
* Intermittent explosive disorder
* Pathological gambling
* Personality disorder
* Pyromania
* Substance abuse and addiction (includes alcoholism)
* Trichotillomania
* Irritable bowel syndrome
* Fibromyalgia
* Hypersexuality
* Migraine
* Cataplexy
The American Psychiatric Association's definitions of these terms can be found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).
# Fabiola Zavarce

Fabiola Zavarce (born 30 September 1971) is a Venezuelan activist. In 2019 she was appointed by the National Assembly as the Venezuelan ambassador to Panama.

## Career

Zavarce is a civil engineer by profession graduated from the Rafael Urdaneta University in 1994, specialist in the design and construction of interiors, and since 2012 has a master's degree in business administration from the American InterContinental University in the United States. He has also studied for a diploma in management and public policy.
She is founder of the Justice First political party in the Zulia state, and from 2002 to 2010 she was a community leader in the family finance and justice program. Between 2010 and 2014 she participated in the Unity Committee for the organization of the Venezuelan presidential elections in Houston, and is founder of the non-governmental organization "Bienestar para crecer en Texas". She is also co-founder of the foundation "Activados Panama", created in 2018 to support the migration process of vulnerable Venezuelans migrants in Panama; by 2019 the foundation had helped more than 750 people.
During the Venezuelan presidential crisis, she was appointed by the National Assembly as Venezuela's ambassador to Panama on 29 January 2019. Among other efforts during his tenure, Zavarce has focused on the regularization process of Venezuelan migrants in Panama; a presidential decree has allowed the recognition of expired passports and the certification of licenses that by September 2019 had benefited more than 11,000 Venezuelans. After the election of President Laurentino Cortizo in the 2019 presidential elections, Panama withdrew Zavarce's diplomatic credentials on 4 February 2021.
# Revs (video game)

Revs is a 1985 Formula Three simulation written initially for the BBC Micro by Geoff Crammond and published by Acornsoft that is notable for its realistic simulation of the sport and as a precursor to its author's later work on Formula One Grand Prix and its sequels. Technical consultancy was provided by Formula Three driver David Hunt, whom Acornsoft's parent company Acorn Computers had sponsored during the British Formula Three Championship.

## Gameplay

Unlike most contemporaneous racing games, Revs features selection of aerodynamic settings by the player and a full three-dimensional environment. The player is allowed to drive the wrong way around the track or even away from it completely. Unusual for the time, the track and terrain are not planar, but undulations in the ground are reproduced. The game was noted for its use of the BBC's hardware in achieving its display: such was the difficulty in squeezing the game into the BBC's limited memory, part of the game code actually occupies part of the screen memory. Whilst this would ordinarily be distractingly visible, timer-based manipulation of the BBC's display palette has the effect of turning all the 'code pixels' blue, thus hiding it in the game's sky.
The game features rudimentary AI for control of the opponents' cars, which are driven by individual characters with humorous names. Johnny Turbo, Max Throttle and Gloria Slap are usually the fastest opponents, whereas Miles Behind is often the slowest.
The BBC Micro version release features Silverstone as its one track. There is also an expansion pack, Revs 4 Tracks (released in 1985), which adds Brands Hatch, Donington Park, Oulton Park and Snetterton to make a total of five.

## Reception

Acorn's marketing for the game included racing sponsorship, with driver David Hunt being sponsored in the 1984 British Formula Three Championship Acorn Computer European Trophy.

## Legacy
### Enhanced release

An enhanced edition of the BBC version was released in 1986 by Superior Software/Acornsoft as Revs plus Revs 4 Tracks which included all 5 tracks. The enhanced edition also included a 'steering assist' driving aid "designed to improve control of the car when using keys or a digital joystick".

### Ports

Revs was later ported to the Commodore 64, with the standard game providing the Silverstone and Brands Hatch tracks. The '4 Tracks' pack for the Commodore (released under the title Revs +) included the Nürburgring, Oulton Park, Snetterton and Donington Park circuits.
# Enrique Miret Magdalena

Enrique Miret Magdalena (12 January 1914 – 12 October 2009) was a lay theologian who specialised in ethics and sociology. He was professor of Ethics at Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
He published some 25 books and wrote for the journal Triunfo for 20 years, as well as for other publications.
# Joseph McCormack

Joseph McCormack (1887–1958) was an English prelate who served as the Roman Catholic Bishop of Hexham and Newcastle from 1936 to 1958.
Born on 17 May 1887, he was ordained to the priesthood on 11 August 1912. He was appointed the Bishop of the Diocese of Hexham and Newcastle by the Holy See on 30 December 1936, and consecrated to the Episcopate on 4 February 1937. The principal consecrator was Archbishop Richard Downey of Liverpool, and the principal co-consecrators were Bishop Thomas Shine of Middlesbrough and Bishop Henry John Poskitt of Leeds.
He died in Newcastle-upon-Tyne on 2 March 1958, aged 70, and was buried at Ushaw College.
# Racquetball at the World Games

Racquetball was part of the first World Games in 1981 at Santa Clara. These competitions also count as the first Racquetball World Championships. Racquetball was not played at the World Games in 1989, 1997, 2001, and 2005 as no court was available.

## Medalists

Source

### Men's Single

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1981 Santa Clara | Ed Andrews (USA) | Mark Martino (USA) | Martin Padilla (MEX) |
| 1985 London | Andy Roberts (USA) | Roger Harripersad (CAN) | Ed Andrews (USA) |
| 1993 The Hague | Michael Bronfeld (USA) | John Ellis (USA) | Sherman Greenfeld (CAN) |
| 2009 Kaohsiung | Jack Huczek (USA) | Rocky Carson (USA) | Vincent Gagnon (CAN) |
| 2013 Cali | Polo Gutierrez (MEX) | Gilberto Mejia (MEX) | Rocky Carson (USA) |
| 2022 Birmingham | Andrés Acuña (CRC) | Rodrigo Montoya (MEX) | Andree Parrilla (MEX) |

### Men's Double

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1981 Santa Clara | United States (USA) Mark Malowitz Jeff Kwartler | Mexico (MEX) Raul Canales Federicq Alvarez | Netherlands (NED) Tom Luykx Frits Groenendijk |

### Women's Single

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1981 Santa Clara | Cindy Baxter (USA) | Barbara Faulkenberry (USA) | Betsy Massie (USA) |
| 1985 London | Cindy Baxter (USA) | Carol Dupuy (CAN) | Crystal Fried (CAN) |
| 1993 The Hague | Michelle Gould (USA) | Malia Bailey (USA) | Carol McFetridge (CAN) |
| 2009 Kaohsiung | Paola Longoria (MEX) | Rhonda Rajsich (USA) | Angela Grisar (CHI) |
| 2013 Cali | Paola Longoria (MEX) | Cristina Amaya (COL) | Rhonda Rajsich (USA) |
| 2022 Birmingham | Paola Longoria (MEX) | Gabriela Martinez (GUA) | Angélica Barrios (BOL) |

### Women's Double

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1981 Santa Clara | United States (USA) Mary Ann Cluess Karen Borga | Netherlands (NED) Miriam Wielheesen Dineke Kool | Mexico (MEX) Martinez Suarez |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | United States (USA) | 9 | 6 | 4 | 19 |
| 2 | Mexico (MEX) | 4 | 3 | 3 | 10 |
| 3 | Costa Rica (CRC) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Canada (CAN) | 0 | 2 | 4 | 6 |
| 5 | Netherlands (NED) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 6 | Colombia (COL) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | Guatemala (GUA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | Bolivia (BOL) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | Chile (CHI) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (9 entries) | Totals (9 entries) | 14 | 14 | 14 | 42 |
# Expansive Poetry

Expansive Poetry is a movement in United States poetry that began in the 1980s. It is an umbrella term coined by Wade Newman for the movements of New Formalism and New Narrative, and the term is controversial even among many of the writers it purports to describe. Although more New Formalism and New Narrative poets have gained prominence in recent years, as evidenced by the number of books and anthologies they have published and the rapid expansion of the West Chester University Poetry Conference, the term "Expansive Poetry" is increasingly rarely used.