OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles de Charritte

Charles de Charritte (1 November 1733 in Pau – 20 October 1815 in Rennes) was a French Navy officer. He served in the War of American Independence.

## Biography

Charritte was born to the family of a president of the Parliament of Pau, himself a son of Jean-Pierre de Charitte. Charritte joined the Navy as Garde-Marine on 11 October 1749, and was promoted to Lieutenant on 1 May 1763.
He was promoted to Captain on 14 April 1777, with a service history at the time mentioning "17 cruises, 2 commands, 1 battle".
In 1779, he commanded the 80-gun Auguste as flag captain of Chef d'Escadre Rochechouart, who headed the 2nd Division of the White-and-Blue squadron of the fleet under Orvilliers.
In 1781, he commanded the 74-gun Bourgogne, in the Blue squadron of the fleet under De Grasse. He took part in the Battle of the Chesapeake on 5 September 1781 and in Battle of the Saintes, and was later presented a sword by the Estates of Burgundy for saving Bourgogne, which they had financed.
He served as general director of the harbour of Rochefort in 1783.
He was promoted to Chef d'Escadre on 1 November 1786 and given command of the 9th Squadron. In 1786, he cruised with the escadre d'évolution with his flag on the frigate Junon. He rose to contre-amiral on 1 January 1792.
During the French Revolution, he retired in Touraine and stayed clear of historical events, although the Directoire called him to be part of the Conseil de la Marine [fr] in Paris in 1799.
During the Bourbon Restoration, he was awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Louis, and the rank of Vice-amiral on 6 July 1814.

## Sources and references

Notes
* ↑ Sometimes spelt "Charitte".
Citations
* 1 2 3 4 Lacour-Gayet (1910), p. 619.
* 1 2 3 4 Contenson (1934), p. 156.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Rabbe, Boisjoslin & Sainte-Preuve (1836), p. 899.
* ↑ Lacour-Gayet (1910), p. 129.
* ↑ Lacour-Gayet (1910), p. 639.
* 1 2 Lacour-Gayet (1910), p. 648.
* ↑ Troude (1867), p. 140.
* 1 2 Lacour-Gayet (1910), p. 665.
* ↑ Lacour-Gayet (1910), p. 589.
Bibliography
* Contenson, Ludovic (1934). La Société des Cincinnati de France et la guerre d'Amérique (1778-1783). Paris: éditions Auguste Picard. OCLC 7842336.
* Lacour-Gayet, Georges (1910). La marine militaire de la France sous le règne de Louis XVI. Paris: Honoré Champion.
* Rabbe; Boisjoslin; Sainte-Preuve (1836). Biographie universelle et portative des contemporains (in French). Challamel ainé.
* Troude, Onésime-Joachim (1867). Batailles navales de la France (in French). Vol. 2. Challamel ainé.
# Azinhoso

Azinhoso is a Portuguese freguesia ("civil parish") in the Concelho of Mogadouro. The population in 2011 was 307, in an area of 30.80 km². It was parish and capital of Concelho between 1386 and the beginning of the 19th century. In 1801 it had 302 inhabitants.
# Douglas Allday

Douglas Charles Allday (24 January 1895 – 2 February 1945) was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer.
Born at Knowle in Warwickshire in January 1895, Allday was educated at Malvern College. The First World War began shortly after he finished his education at Malvern, with Allday being commissioned into the British Army as a temporary second lieutenant in September 1914. Serving in the war with the Royal Army Service Corps, he was promoted to the temporary rank of lieutenant in March 1915. He ended the war as a temporary captain, a rank he retained in full upon the completion of his service in August 1919. After the war he went to British India, where he played in two first-class cricket matches for the Europeans cricket team against the Indians in the Madras Presidency Matches of 1920 and 1924. He scored 13 runs across his two matches, with a highest score of 10. Allday died in England at Wolverhampton in February 1945.
# Niniane

Niniane can refer to:
# Attorney General Brady

Attorney General Brady may refer to:
* M. Jane Brady (born 1951), Attorney General of Delaware
* Maziere Brady (1796–1871), Attorney General of Ireland
* Rory Brady (1957–2010), Attorney General of Ireland
# Diguvamagham

Diguva-magham is a village in Chittoor district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Thavanampalle mandal. Many prominent industrialists, politicians and entrepreneurs such as Aruna Kumari Galla, Galla Jayadev, W Raja Naidu hail from Diguva-magham.

## Notable residents

* Galla Aruna Kumari
* Galla Jayadev
# Eberhard Zwicker

Karl Eberhard Zwicker (15 January 1924, in Öhringen, Germany – 22 November 1990, in Icking) was a German acoustics scientist and full professor at the Technical University of Munich.
Zwicker studied physics and electrical engineering at the University of Stuttgart and was an assistant of Richard Feldtkeller [de]. In 1967 he was appointed full professor of the newly founded Institute for Electro-Acoustics of the Technical University of Munich.
Zwicker developed a method for the computation of loudness, which became a German standard, DIN 45631.
Zwicker, together with Richard Feldtkeller, was author of the standard work for psychoacoustics Das Ohr als Nachrichtenempfänger. (The Ear as Message Receiver).
In 1964, at Bell Labs, he discovered the Zwicker tone auditory illusion.

## Literature

* Die Grenzen der Hörbarkeit der Amplituden- und Frequenzmodulation von Tönen und ihre Berücksichtigung in der Übertragungstechnik und der Hörphysiologie. Dissertation, Stuttgart 1952
* Die elementaren Grundlagen zur Bestimmung der Informationskapazität des Gehörs. In: Acustica. Band 6, 1956, S. 365–381, Habilitationsschrift, 1956
* with Richard Feldtkeller: Das Ohr als Nachrichtenempfänger. Hirzel, Stuttgart 1956; 2. Auflage, Hirzel, Stuttgart 1967
* with Ernst Terhardt als Herausgeber: Facts and models in hearing. Proceedings of the Symposium on Psychophysical Models and Physiological Facts in Hearing. Held at Tutzing, Oberbayern, April 22–26, 1974. Springer, Berlin [u.a.] 1974
* Psychoakustik. Springer, Berlin [u.a.] 1982, ISBN 3-540-11401-7
* with Manfred Zollner: Elektroakustik. Springer, Berlin [u.a.] 1984, ISBN 3-540-13509-X; 3. Springer, Berlin [u.a.] 1993, ISBN 3-540-56600-7
* with Hugo Fastl: Psychoacoustics. Facts and models. Springer, Berlin [u.a.] 1990, ISBN 3-540-52600-5; 3. Auflage, Springer, Berlin [u.a.] 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-23159-2
* Karl Eberhard Zwicker. 15.1.1924 – 22.11.1990. Feldpostbriefe aus dem Zweiten Weltkrieg an seine Eltern Wilhelm und Luise Zwicker und seinen Bruder Ulrich. Bis, Univ., Oldenburg 1993, ISBN 3-8142-0436-0
* DIN 45631, Berechnung des Lautstärkepegels aus dem Geräuschspektrum. Verfahren nach Eberhard Zwicker
* Herman A. O. Wilms: In Memoriam. Eberhard Zwicker. In: J. Audio Eng. Soc. Band 39, Nr. 3, März 1991, S. 199–200
# Charles Wilkinson (director)

Charles Wilkinson is a Canadian documentary filmmaker and film and television director. He is best known for making documentaries that touch on environmental issues. These include Haida Modern, Vancouver: No Fixed Address, Haida Gwaii: On the Edge of the World, Oil Sands Karaoke, and Peace Out. All five films premiered at Hot Docs International Documentary Festival, and have gone on to win awards at Hot Docs, the Vancouver International Film Festival, le Festival International du Film sur l'Art - Artfifa, the DGC Awards, the Leo Awards and the Yorkton Film Festival. Before moving into documentaries, Wilkinson worked for many years in dramatic television series and on feature films. His directing credits include such TV series as The Highlander, The Immortal, So Weird, Dead Man's Gun, Road to Avonlea and The Beachcombers, the feature films My Kind of Town, Max, Blood Clan and Breach of Trust, and the TV movie Heart of the Storm. As a preteen, he was one of the original performers in the Calgary Safety Roundup, paired with his brother Billy as kid cowboy singers. "We sang both kinds - country and western."
# SCPB

SCPB may refer to:
* C5a peptidase, an enzyme
* the ICAO code for Puelo Bajo Airport
# Douglas Alkenbrack

Almonte Douglas Alkenbrack (June 2, 1912 – March 19, 1998) was a Canadian politician and a lumberman. He was born in Rydal Bank, Ontario, which is now a part of the township of Plummer Additional, Ontario.
He was elected in 1962 as a Member of the House of Commons of Canada for the riding of Prince Edward—Lennox, Ontario representing the Progressive Conservative Party. He was re-elected in the 1963 election then in the 1965 election in the same riding and re-elected in the riding of Frontenac—Lennox and Addington, Ontario in 1968, 1972 and then in 1974. He was also a member of various standing committees.
Prior to his federal career in politics, he was first elected as a councillor to Napanee, Ontario in 1952 where he eventually became mayor in 1957.
# Niniche

Niniche may refer to:
* Niniche (play), an 1878 play
* Niniche (1918 film), an Italian silent film
* Niniche (1925 film), a German silent film
# Atlas Theatre

The Atlas Theatre, also known as the Atlas Building, at 213 W. 16th St. in Cheyenne, Wyoming, was dating from 1887 and was built out as a theatre in 1908. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.
It "is located in what has historically been the heart of Cheyenne's downtown business district, " and, at the time of NRHP listing, was "still surrounded by commercial activity".
During 1887 to 1908 the upper floors of the three-story building were used for professional offices and the ground floor was a confectionery shop. The theatre was not the first or most extravagant of theatres in Cheyenne; the Capitol Avenue Theatre, built in 1905 "was probably more impressive than the Atlas. Nevertheless, at that time there apparently was room in Cheyenne for another facility, one which could provide low-cost amusement, and thus the Atlas was built."
# Diguna Fango

Diguna Fango is one of the woredas in the South Ethiopia Regional State of Ethiopia. It is a Part of the Wolayita Zone located in the Great Rift Valley, Diguna Fango is bordered on the southwest by Damot Weyde, on the west by Damot Gale, on the north by the Hadiya Zone, on the northeast by the Oromia Region, and on the east by Bilate river, which separates it from Sidama Region. The administrative center of the woreda is Bitena Town; the other major towns in the woreda include Dimtu, Kercheche, and Edo. Diguna Fango was separated from Damot Weyde woreda in 1998 E. C.

## Demographics

Based on the 2017 population projection conducted by the CSA, this woreda has a total population of 122,924, of whom 60,326 are men and 62,924 women; 3,404 or 3.53% of its population are urban dwellers. The majority of the inhabitants were Protestants, with 84.43% of the population reporting that belief, 8.97% practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, and 5.57% were Roman Catholic.
# Maurice Schexnayder

Maurice Schexnayder (August 13, 1895 – January 23, 1981) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Lafayette in Louisiana from 1956 to 1972.

## Biography
### Early life

Maurice Schexnayder was born on August 13, 1895, in Wallace, Louisiana, to Adam and Jeanne Marie (née Dutreix) Schexnayder. After attending schools in Wallace and New Orleans, he entered St. Joseph College Seminary near Covington in 1916. He then attended St. Mary Seminary in Baltimore, Maryland, before furthering his studies at the Pontifical North American College in Rome.

### Priesthood

Schexnayder was ordained to the priesthood in Rome on April 12, 1925. Following his return to Louisiana, he served as a curate at St. John the Evangelist Parish in Plaquemine. In 1929, he was appointed chaplain of the Newman Club at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Schexnayder also served as state chaplain of the Knights of Columbus (1932–1944) and pastor of St. Francis de Sales Parish in Houma, Louisiana (1946–1950). He was named a domestic prelate in 1947.

### Auxiliary Bishop and Bishop of Lafayette

On December 11, 1950, Schexnayder was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Lafayette and Titular Bishop of Tuscamia by Pope Pius XII. He received his episcopal consecration on February 22, 1951, from Archbishop Amleto Cicognani, with Bishops Jules Jeanmard and Louis Caillouet serving as co-consecrators. In addition to his episcopal duties, he served as pastor of St. Michael Parish in Crowley, Louisiana.
Upon the resignation of Bishop Jeanmard, Schexnayder was named the second Bishop of Lafayette on March 13, 1956. During his tenure, he built a new chancery building, expanded Immaculata Minor Seminary, established thirty-one parishes, and ordained eighty-one priests. In 1961, he established St. Eugene Catholic Church in Grand Chenier in Cameron Parish. Schexnayder attended all four sessions of the Second Vatican Council in Rome between 1962 and 1965.

### Retirement and legacy

Onn November 7, 1972, Pope Paul VI accepted Schexnayder's resignation as bishop of Lafayette. Maurice Schexnayder died in Lafayette on January 23, 1981, at age 85. He is buried at the Cathedral of Saint John the Evangelist in Lafayette.
In 2014, documents were released that criticized Schexnayder for protecting priests accused of sexually abusing children. In a lawsuit, the diocese's insurance company "argued that the diocese knew for years, if not decades, that some of their priests had fondled and even raped children" and that "the molestations took place largely during the reigns of Bishops Maurice Schexnayder" and his successor, Bishop Gerard Louis Frey.
# Azara Egbelu

Azaraegbelu is a village in southeastern Nigeria located near the city of Owerri. The name has its origin in Emekuku. Azaraegbelu was the first son of Emekuku and is regarded as the most powerful.
Azaraegbelu, being the first son of Ezelukwu, is made up of warriors who have been the backbone of the Emekuku people. The village is one of the birthplaces of Catholicism in Eastern Nigeria as the Catholic Church in Azaraegbelu was built at the same time with one centrally located at Emekuku. The church was built by Irish missionaries. In the recent past, the people of Avuvu in Ikeduru, Enyiogugu in Aboh-Mbaise and some parts of Emii, all came to worship in church at Azaraegbelu.
The then Teachers Training College (TTC) now a catholic secondary school was located in Azaraegbelu. The Radio Nigeria Owerri, which is now called Heartland FM is located in Azaraegbelu. There is also a public Primary School. At the Catholic Church, there is a primary school there run by the Marist Brothers. Azaraegbelu is made up of four kindred, namely; Umuokoro (okoro mama ukwu), Onum (Onuma egbula Ezelukwu), Umuezehu (Ezuhu Oma Onum) and Ama-Achara.
The main market in Azaraegbelu is called Orie-Nwinyi. It is also among the most prominent markets in Emekuku. One of the most memorable days in Azaraegbelu is usually the Orienwainyi Market day during the Christmas period. Masquerades from many communities usually converge in Azaraegbelu for a show.
# Danhai

Danhai may refer to:
* Danhai light rail, a light rail transit line in Tamsui District, New Taipei
* Danhai New Town, a large residential development in Tamsui District, New Taipei, Taiwan
* Danhai Williams, an East Kingston businessman
# Dicentra canadensis

Dicentra canadensis, the squirrel corn, is a flowering plant from eastern North America with oddly shaped white flowers and finely divided leaves.

## Description

Squirrel corn has small yellow clustered bulblets (looking roughly like kernels of corn), finely dissected leaves, and white heart-shaped flowers. The flowers are fragrant. It is a spring ephemeral, leafing out and flowering in spring and going dormant in summer.

## Distribution and habitat

It is native to deciduous woodland in eastern North America. It is also found among rock outcrops near mountains.
# Atlas Slave

The Atlas Slave is a 2.77m high marble statue by Michelangelo, dated to 1525–1530. It is one of the 'Prisoners', the series of unfinished sculptures for the tomb of Pope Julius II. It is now held in the Galleria dell'Accademia in Florence.

## History

Before the end of the first project for tomb of Pope Julius II (1505), a series of sculptures was planned for the lower part of the mausoleum. This series, the 'Prisoners', would be a number of larger-than-life statues chained up in various poses representing prisoners leaning on the pillars and herms which flanked the niches. As they were coupled with each niche (featuring images of Winged Victory), there were originally supposed to be sixteen or twenty sculptures. In later plans, this number was reduced to twelve (during the second project in 1513), eight (third project, 1516) and in the end perhaps as low as four (sometime during the fourth or fifth project in 1526 and 1532), before the sculptures were definitively removed from the final project plans in 1542.
The first sculptures in the series, of which there remain traces in Michelangelo's papers, are the two Prisoners of Paris, who (since the 19th Century) have come to be known as the "Slaves": the Dying Slave and the Rebellious Slave, both carved in Rome around the year 1513.
# Nini Mutch

Jeannine May "Nini" Mutch (c. 1930–November 15, 2019) was a Canadian curler.
Mutch won two Ontario provincial mixed championships, in 1967 and 1970. In both years, she played on rinks skipped by Earle Hushagen, playing third in 1967 and lead in 1970. The team represented Ontario at the 1967 and 1970 Canadian Mixed Curling Championships. In 1967, they finished tied for second place with a 7–3 record In 1970, they finished in fourth place with a 6–4 record.
In women's curling, Mutch skipping a team of Wyn Hushagen, Doris McKenzie and Rosina Lewicke, won the Ontario provincial women's championship in 1977, going undefeated with a 5–0 record. The team also included Sheila MacIsaac who replaced Lewicke mid-way through the tournament due to a back injury. This qualified her rink to represent Ontario at the 1977 Macdonald Lassies Championship, Canada's national women's curling championship. At the Lassies, she led her team to a second place finish, with an 8–2 record. One of her wins was against the champion Alberta rink, skipped by Myrna McQuarrie, giving Alberta their lone loss. The win came after Alberta had already clinched the tournament, but dashed their hopes of going undefeated.

## Personal life

Mutch was a housewife, and lived in Etobicoke during her curling career. She was married to Ron Mutch, and had two children. In addition to curling, she also cross country skied, played tennis and golfed. She volunteered at the Collingwood General and Marine Hospital in Collingwood, Ontario for over 30 years. She died in Collingwood in 2019.
# Ordre du Mérite social

The ordre du Mérite social was a civil honour in France. It was set up with three grades (knight, officer and commander) by a decree dated 24 October 1936 and administered by the Ministry of Employment. It rewarded those who had given devoted and selfless service to social work and mutual societies.
It replaced the Secours mutuels medals (which had themselves been set up by a decree dated 26 March 1852) and the "Médailles d’Honneur" (set up by a decree of 27 March 1858). Considered as 'associative medals', these could not be worn outside mutual benefit society circles. It also replaced the Médaille de la Prévoyance Sociale and Medaille des Assurances Sociales, set up in parallel by decrees in 1922 and 1923.
The Ordre was dissolved on the creation of the Ordre national du Mérite on 3 December 1963, though its existing holders continued to enjoy its associated prerogatives for life.

## Grades

* Knight
* Officer
* Commander

## Decrees

* "14 February 1937 decree".
* "1963 decree".
# B-class submarine

B-class submarine may refer to the following
* British B-class submarine, a class of eleven submarines launched in 1904–1906 for the British Royal Navy
* The Norwegian B-class submarine, a class of six Norwegian submarines built from 1922 to 1929
* The Spanish B-class submarine, a class of six Spanish submarines launched in 1922–1925
* The United States B-class submarine, a class of three submarines launched in 1907
* The Japanese Type B submarine, a class of submarine in the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) which served during World War II
# Margininkai, Kėdainiai

Margininkai is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 14 people. It is located 6 km from Gudžiūnai, by the Nykis river.

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1959 | 119 | — |
| 1970 | 111 | −0.63% |
| 1979 | 58 | −6.96% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1989 | 33 | −5.48% |
| 2001 | 24 | −2.62% |
| 2011 | 14 | −5.25% |
Source: 1923, 1959 & 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2011 :
# ORC1

Origin recognition complex subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC1 gene. It is closely related to CDC6, and both are the same protein in archaea.

## Function

The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of the pre-replication complex, which includes additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is the largest subunit of the origin recognition complex. While other ORC subunits are stable throughout the cell cycle, the levels of this protein vary during the cell cycle, which has been shown to be controlled by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis after initiation of DNA replication. This protein is found to be selectively phosphorylated during mitosis. It is also reported to interact with MYST histone acetyltransferase 2 (MYST2/HBO1), a protein involved in control of transcription silencing.

## Interactions

ORC1 has been shown to interact with:
* CDC45-related protein and
* CDC6,
* Cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase,
* Cyclin-dependent kinase 2,
* MCM2,
* MCM4,
* MCM6,
* MCM7,
* MYST2,
* ORC2,
* ORC4,
* ORC5, and
* SKP2.
# Atrioventricular nodal branch

The atrioventricular nodal branch is a coronary artery that supplies arterial blood to the atrioventricular node, which is responsible for initiating muscular contraction of the ventricles. The AV nodal branch is most often a branch of the right coronary artery.

## Structure
### Origin

The atrioventricular nodal branch sees significant variation in origin:
* proximal posterolateral branch from the right coronary artery in around 77%.
* distal posterolateral branch from the right coronary artery in around 2%.
* distal right coronary artery in around 10%.
* right posterior interventricular artery in around 7%.
* distal circumflex branch of left coronary artery in around 4%.
The right coronary artery supplies the atrioventricular node in around 90% of people.
In approximately 2% of people, the vascular supply to the atrioventricular node arises from both the right coronary artery and the left circumflex branch.

## Function

The atrioventricular nodal branch supplies the atrioventricular node, allowing for excitation of the ventricles.
# No Half Measures

No half measures may refer to:
* No Half Measures Ltd., a Scottish music management
* No Half Measures, an award category in Kerrang! Awards 2010
* No Half Measures, the 1985 autobiography of Graeme Souness