OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Donald Powell

Donald Powell Distinguished Service Order (21 October 1896 – 8 August 1942) was an officer in the British Indian Army during World War I and World War II

## Biography

Donald Powell was born on 21 October 1896, at Jhansi and baptised on 4 January 1897, at Fatehgahr, the son of Richard John Powell of the Indian Public Works Department.
He was educated at Bedford School 1908–14, and then he went to the Royal Military College, Sandhurst from where he was first commissioned on 11 November 1914 as a Second Lieutenant on the Unattached List for the Indian Army. On 25 January 1915 he was appointed as a company officer to the 1st Battalion, 30th Punjabis. He subsequently took part in the Mohmand campaign, August to October 1915.
He served in East Africa with the 30th Punjabis 1 December 1916 to December 1917. He was wounded and received the Croix de Guerre.
He had been promoted to Captain 11 November 1918, brevet Major 1 July 1929, and Major 11 November 1932, and held appointments as A.D.C. to the Governor of Madras, and as General Staff Officer 3rd grade at the India Office in London from 4 April 1932 to 6 September 1932.
On 3 July 1937 Powell was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel and appointed to the command of his battalion, now called the 1st battalion, 16th Punjab regiment. In October 1937 the 1/16 Punjab Regiment was assigned to the 3rd (Jhelum) Brigade, at Ghariom, and the following month the Brigade moved to Mir Ali, with posts at Tal and Damdil, to protect the road to Razmak.
In April 1938 the Fakir assembled a large lashkar (tribal raiding party) at Mami Rogha, which proceeded to raid convoys on the Bannu-Razmak road and blockade the Tochi Scout post at Datta Khel. To deal with this threat, 3rd Brigade advanced to Dosalli and joined the Razmak Brigade to form a force called 'Wastrike', and Powell, having been appointed Acting Brigadier, assumed command of the Brigade.
On 18 July 'Wastrike' was dispersed and he relinquished the rank of acting Brigadier.
During the operations in Waziristan in 1938 total casualties amounted to 62 killed and 268 wounded. Lieutenant-Colonel Powell was awarded the D.S.O. and mentioned in despatches.
On 16 March 1940 Powell was again appointed Temporary Brigadier, commanding 20 (Indian) Brigade, consisting of 2/8 Gurkha Rifles, 2/7 Gurkha Rifles and 3/11 Sikh Regiment. The Brigade formed part of the 10th Indian Division, commanded by Major-General W. A. K. Fraser, then, from May 1941, Major-General William Slim.
As part of Iraqforce (or Paiforce in Persia), Brigadier Powell commanded the 20th Indian Brigade of the Indian 10th Infantry Division during the Anglo-Iraqi War, the Syria–Lebanon campaign, and the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Persia.
Brigadier Powell relinquished command of 20 Indian Brigade in March 1942 and returned to England.
He died on 8 August 1942 at a military hospital and was buried at Bedford Cemetery, Bedfordshire.

## Command history

* 1937–1939: Commanding Officer, 1st Battalion 16th Punjab Regiment
* 1940–1942: Commanding Officer, 20th Indian Brigade
# Char Durgapur

Char Durgapur is a village in Barisal District in the Barisal Division of southern-central Bangladesh.
# Public baths, Chester

The Public Baths are on the north side of Union Street at its junction with Bath Street in Chester, Cheshire, England. The structure is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

## History

The public baths were built for Chester City Council between 1898 and 1901 and were designed by the local architect John Douglas on whose land they were constructed. It was an unusual commission for Douglas, as most of his previous designs had been for churches and houses. Designing the baths involved "technical complexity and specialist engineering work". During the design process Douglas advised that because of possible leakage through the concrete linings of the baths, it should be replaced by a bituminous lining at an additional cost of £150 (equivalent to £21,000 in 2023); the council agreed to this.
In the 1970s the city council were building Northgate Arena, a leisure complex which included a swimming pool, and they stated that they would not be able to afford to run both this and the old baths. However the City of Chester Swimming Club were of the opinion that the new baths would not be suitable for competitive swimming or for water polo. The Chester Swimming Association was formed and they took over the management of the baths on 14 April 1977. They made improvements to the building, including the installation of gas central heating and a new water filtration system, the addition of a kitchen, cafeteria and gymnasium, and strengthening of the structure. The slipper bath was replaced by a clubroom and bar.

## Architecture

The structure is partly in two storeys and partly in one storey. The frontage on Union Street is in two storeys. The lower storey is in red Ruabon brick with stone dressings, the upper storey is half-timbered, and the decorated chimney stacks are brick. Behind the frontage are the swimming baths and the boiler house is at the rear. The frontage is symmetrical; the small wing at the left originally contained the caretaker's flat and a slipper bath. The ground floor contains two arched entrances, each with double doors and windows. Between the entrances is a pair of ogee-headed windows, over which is a stone panel containing the city's coat of arms. The upper storey is jettied and has three gables. Beneath the middle gable is a five-light mullioned canted oriel window, and under the outer arches are four-light mullioned casement windows. Internally there are two swimming baths. The larger, the Atlantic, 25 yards (23 m) long, is deep enough for diving, and is surrounded by galleries. The other bath, the Pacific, is 20 yards (18 m) long.
Douglas' biographer, Edward Hubbard, commenting on the utilitarian nature of the building, stated that the domestic architectural style of its frontage "bears little relation in plan or character to what lies behind".
# Iglesia de San Nicolás

Iglesia de San Nicolás may refer to:
* Iglesia de San Nicolás (Avilés), a church in Asturias, Spain
* Iglesia de San Nicolás (Guadalajara)
* Iglesia de San Nicolás (Madrid)
* Iglesia de San Nicolás (Villoria), a church in Asturias, Spain
# Pleurotomella chapplei

Pleurotomella chapplei is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae.

## Distribution

Fossils of this marine species were found off Victoria, Australia
# Kandal

Kandal or Kondel may refer to:

## Places

* Kandal Province, a province of Cambodia
** Kandal (National Assembly constituency), parliamentary constituency based in Kandal
* Kandal, Hormozgan, a village in Iran
* Kandal, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, a village in Iran
* Kandal, Kurdistan, a village in Iran
* Kandal, Sistan and Baluchestan, a village in Iran
* Kondel, Sistan and Baluchestan, a village in Iran
* Kandal, West Azerbaijan, a village in Iran
* Kandal, Iraq, a village in Iraq
* Kandal, Norway, a village in Gloppen, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway

## Other

* Bhatia (caste), a caste of kings originating in Sindh Province and Rajasthan
# F-150 (song)

"F-150" is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country artist Robyn Ottolini. The track was co-written with Erik Fintelman and Mark Schroor, who also co-produced the track. After achieving viral success on the media platform TikTok, "F-150" became Ottolini's debut single on Warner Music Nashville to country radio formats in the United States and Canada.

## Background

"F-150" was originally released in January 2020, and was later included on her independent release The I'm Not Always Hilarious EP. Ottolini described the meaning of the song:
   "My ex drove an F-150 and I f’ing hate that truck... It’s about trying to move on and get strong, until you see that one thing that brings you back to the pain. Nothing does that more for me than his white, Ford F-150. This song is a piece of my heart and soul. It’s a true story of personal heartbreak and self-growth."
The song began to gain traction on TikTok in the Fall of 2020 and reached #3 on the Rolling Stone Trending 25 in the United States. This led to her signing with Warner Music Nashville in October 2020.

## Critical reception

Billy Dukes of Taste of Country called "F-150" an "emotionally satisfying earworm" with "radio-friendly appeal". Chet Daniels of 99.9 WJVL called the song a "standout track", while Complete Country said "The song has a relatable message to those trying to get over someone, and the catchy lyrics and chorus make it hard to get out of your head."

## Accolades

| Year | Association | Category | Result |
| 2021 | Country Music Association of Ontario | Songwriter(s) of the Year | Nominated |
| 2021 | Country Music Association of Ontario | Single of the Year | Nominated |
| 2022 | Country Music Association of Ontario | Music Video of the Year | Won |

## Commercial performance

"F-150" reached a peak of number eight on the Billboard Canada Country chart, and #65 on the Canadian Hot 100, marking Ottolini's first entry on both charts. It is also Ottolini's first single to be certified Gold by Music Canada and was later certified Platinum. In the United States, "F-150" debuted at number 59 on the Country Airplay chart.

## Music video

The music video for "F-150" was directed by Ben Knechtel, and premiered on December 4, 2020.

## Charts

Chart performance for "F-150" :
| Chart (2020–2021) | Peak position |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 65 |
| Canada Country (Billboard) | 8 |
| US Country Airplay (Billboard) | 59 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Platinum | 80,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Edith Taggart

Edith Ashover Taggart (11 November 1909 – 1997) was a unionist politician in Northern Ireland.
Taggart was elected as an Ulster Unionist Party member of the Senate of Northern Ireland in 1970, becoming only the second female member of the body (after Marion Greeves). She served until its abolition in 1973.
# Edmund Morgan

Edmund Morgan may refer to:
* Edmund Morgan (historian) (1916–2013), American historian of early American history
* Edmund Morgan (of Llandaff), Welsh politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1601 and 1621
* Edmund Morgan (bishop) (1888–1979), bishop of Southampton, and of Truro
# Edmé Codjo

Edmé Codjo was a Beninese manager of the Benin national football team from August 2011 to January 2012.

## Career

He had previously been in charge of the national team during the 2008 Africa Cup of Nations qualification campaign.
# Edmé-Gilles Guyot

Edmé-Gilles Guyot (1706–1786) was a French mail clerk, physician, postmaster, cartographer, inventor and author on the subject of mathematics, physics and magic. He experimented with optical illusions and with the theory behind performance magic. His developments into the apparent appearance of ghosts, using the projection of a figure into smoke, helped to create the technology and techniques used in phantasmagoria.

## Mathematics, science, and magic

Manufacturer of conjuring apparatus and scientific instruments, Guyot was accused of exploiting and revealing the tricks used at the time by magicians and science populizers like Nicolas-Philippe Ledru and François Pelletier. He created "magic theatres" for the aristocracy – small boxes that use lanterns and slides to create an animated story. Guyot's work was influential in the development of magic lanterns and their use in phantasmagoria. In 1770 he detailed a method of simultaneously using two different slides in this early projection device. His example was a sea that would become increasingly stormy, throwing around the ships that were sailing on it. He advised that the slides would need to be very carefully painted in order to create a realistic and beautiful animation. His writings on the subject were translated into English and German and were widely circulated around Europe. His experiments led to the technique of projecting images onto smoke to create the appearance of ghostly apparitions. In 1779 Guyot described the use of transformation slides in magic lanterns to create simple animations.

### Nouvelles recreations physiques et mathematiques

Guyot's four part book Nouvelles recreations physiques et mathematiques featured descriptions of experiments and examples of how various innovative mathematical and magical tricks could be performed. The book was first published in 1769 and included an explanation of Hooper's paradox, It also includes detailed, illustrated techniques for the performance of the cups and balls trick that is regarded as being greatly influential.
The book was adapted into English by William Hooper, under the title Rational Recreations being released in 1774 without credit to Guyot.

## Medicine

Guyot is credited with describing in 1724 the catheterization of the Eustachian tube, one of the first means of middle ear inflation.

## Publications

* Edmé-Gilles Guyot (1799). Nouvelles récréations physiques et mathématiques (in French). Paris. Retrieved 28 August 2012.
# Ezra Baya Lawiri

Ezra Baya Lawiri (c. 1917 – 29 March 1991) was a Sudanese teacher, Episcopalian priest and scholar, responsible for translating The Bible into the Moru language. He is commemorated by a statue in niche 174 on the Great West Front of Salisbury Cathedral.

## Early life

He was born in Lanyi, in Sudan and attended school there from 1927. He then went to Lui Elementary Vernacular School (CMS) in 1930 for two years. He was appointed sub-grade teacher at the age of 15 and later attended a training course for teachers in 1937.
Baya Lawiri committed himself to Christianity in 1934 and was baptised Ezra. In 1936 while working at Kedi’ba Village School he met his wife Hanna and they were married the same year. They later produced six children – three boys and six girls. In 1937 Ezra was transferred to Mideh sub-grade school as headmaster where he worked until 1944.
In 1945 he attended an evangelism course at Yei Divinity School. In 1948 he began theological studies at Bishop Gwynne College in Mundri graduating in 1949. He was ordained as a deacon in the same year and then ordained as a priest in 1950. He was appointed pastor in the parish of Mundri for 4 years. He then transferred to Lui parish as pastor-in-charge. In 1959 Ezra went to the London School of Divinity where he graduated with a diploma in theology. From there he went to Bishop Gwynne College as vice-principal. He became the college's first indigenous principal in 1963, holding the post until 1965.

## Exile in Uganda

In 1965 the Anya Nya War in Sudan intensified and reached Mundri causing Ezra and students from the college to flee into exile in Uganda. He continued teaching in accommodation provided by The Church of Uganda until the students graduated in 1967. At about this time he started translating The Bible into the Moru language while working in the Nabumali Secondary School in Mbale, Uganda.

## Return to Sudan

Ezra continued with this work until the war ended in 1972 and he returned to Sudan in 1973. He also updated the Moru Prayer and Hymn Book. A new civil war started in 1983, and in 1988 all staff and students from Bishop Gwynne College were relocated to Juba. However, Lawiri chose to stay in Mundri. In March 1991 the government army retreated from Mundri towards Juba taking 2000 civilians including Ezra Lawiri and his family. The SPLA eventually caught up with the fleeing army and followers and a battle ensued.

## Death

On Good Friday, March 29, 1991, Lawiri was fatally wounded by an artillery shell; his daughter Cecilia Baya was also killed the next day. He was buried the next day in Rokon. The rest of his family survived; with three grandchildren injured but they continued to Juba.

## Commemoration

In July 2008 a statue of Lawiri was installed in niche 174 on the Great West Front of Salisbury Cathedral. It was carved by sculptor Jason Battle.
# Phil Ryan

Phil Ryan may refer to:
* Phil Ryan (entrepreneur), English musician and early founder of The Big Issue
* Phil Ryan (footballer, born 1915) (1915–2014), Australian rules football player and administrator for Hawthorn
* Phil Ryan (footballer, born 1925) (1925–1982), Australian rules footballer for Collingwood
* Phil Ryan (footballer, born 1951), Australian rules footballer for North Melbourne
* Phil Ryan (musician) (1946–2016), Welsh musician
* Phil Ryan (sheriff) (born 1945), sheriff in Texas
* Philip Ryan (born 1957), Irish musician, known professionally as Philip Chevron
# Ecuador at the 2008 Summer Paralympics

Ecuador sent a delegation to compete at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, People's Republic of China. The delegation consisted of two competitors, both powerlifters.

## Powerlifting

| Athlete | Event | Attempts (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Result (kg) | Rank |
| Athlete | Event | First | Second | Third | Fourth | Result (kg) | Rank |
| Jose Marino | Men's 82.5 kg | 180.0 | 185.0 | 185.0 | N/A | NMR | — |
| Nancy Martinez | Women's 40 kg | 75.0 | 77.5 | 80.0 | N/A | 80.0 | 5 |
Key: NMR=No marks recorded
# Ecuador at the 2007 Pan American Games

The 15th Pan American Games were held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 13 July 2007 to 29 July 2007.

## Medals
### Gold
##### Athletics

* Men's 20 km Road Walk: Jefferson Pérez
* Men's 50 km Road Walk: Xavier Moreno

##### Football

* Men's Team Competition: Ecuador national football team

##### Weightlifting

* Women's – 58 kg: Alexandra Escobar
* Women's – 75 kg: Seledina Nieve

### Silver
##### Athletics

* Men's 20 km Road Walk: Rolando Saquipay
* Women's 20 km Road Walk: Miriam Ramón

##### Judo

* Men's – 66 kg: Roberto Ibáñez
* Women's + 78 kg: Carmen Chalá

### Bronze
##### Athletics

* Men's 1500 metres: Byron Piedra

##### Boxing

* Men's Middleweight (– 75 kg): Carlos Góngora
* Men's Light Heavyweight (– 81 kg): Julio Castillo
* Men's Heavyweight (– 91 kg): Jorge Quiñónez

##### Karate

* Men's + 80 kg: Andrés Heredia
* Women's – 60 kg: Carmen Arias

##### Judo

* Women's – 57 kg: Diana Villavicencio

##### Roller skating

* Men's Individual Race: Jorge Bolaños

##### Weightlifting

* Men's – 69 kg: Ricardo Flores

##### Wrestling

* Men's Greco-Roman – 55 kg: Ángel Lema

## Results by event
### Football
#### Men's Team Competition

* Preliminary Round
** Drew with Costa Rica (1-1)
** Defeated Honduras (3-2)
** Defeated Brazil (4-2)
* Semi Finals
** Defeated Bolivia (1-0)
* Final
** Defeated Jamaica (2-1) → Gold Medal
* Team Roster
** Máximo Banguera
** Wilson Folleco
** Deison Méndez
** Michael Castro
** Jefferson Pinto
** Hamilton Chasi
** Jesús Alcívar
** Jefferson Montero
** Edmundo Zura
** Álex Alcívar
** Fabricio Guevara
** Germán Vera
** Carlos Delgado
** Álex George
** Eduardo Bone
** Israel Chango
** Fidel Martínez
** Pablo Ochoa

### Triathlon
#### Women's Competition

* Paola Bonilla
** 2:02:16.72 — 11th place
* Elizabeth Bravo
** 2:11:01.88 — 22nd place
# Edson Madeira

Edson Marcelo da Silva Madeira (born 18 May 1985) is a Mozambican judoka, who competed in the half-lightweight division (66 kg). He achieved numerous fifth and seventh-place finishes at the African Championships within a span of five years. Madeira made his official debut at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, and qualified for the men's 66-kg division. He was eliminated in the first round, after being defeated by Dex Elmont of the Netherlands, who automatically scored an ippon.
# Exposition internationale et coloniale (1894)

The Exposition universelle, internationale et coloniale was a world's fair including a colonial exhibition held at Parc de la Tête d'or in Lyon, France in 1894. The exposition drew unwanted attention with the assassination of French President Sadi Carnot by the Anarchist Sante Geronimo Caserio, during his visit on 24 June 1894; he died the day after. The exposition drew 3.8 million visitors.

## History

The exposition was originally planned as a national exposition to be held in 1892, but the short interval since the Paris 1889 Universal Exposition led to a postponement of two years and a call for international participation.
Several names were given to the project: "l’Exposition internationale et coloniale de Lyon, en 1894", "Exposition nationale de Lyon en 1894" and "l’Exposition universelle de 1894" before the eventual name "Exposition internationale et coloniale". At the same time San Francisco and Antwerp organised world's fairs as well.
3.8 million people visited the exposition, and the success of the exposition led to renaming the neighbourhood next to the exposition from Tête d'Or to Tonkin de villeurbanne, thus referring to North Vietnam (Tonkin), at that time part of French Indochina, in order to satisfy the inhabitants attracted to the exotic colonial atmosphere.

## Organization

The main building of the exposition was a 55-metre high metal dome with a diameter of 242 metres. Several themes got dedicated pavilions:
* Education (palais de l’enseignement)
* City of Paris
* City of Lyon and the surroundings (département du Rhône)
* Faith (palais des arts religieux)
* Economy (palais de l'économie sociale)
* Art
* Agriculture
* Labour
* Railways
* Civil engineering
* Forestry services
French colonies were represented as well in four pavilions:
* Algeria (palais de l’Algérie)
* Tunisia (palais de la Tunisie)
* French Indochina (palais de l’Indochine)
* French West Africa (palais de l’Afrique occidentale).
# Phidrimana

Phidrimana is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae erected by Vladimir S. Kononenko in 1989. Its only species, Phidrimana amurensis, was first described by Staudinger in 1892. It is found in the southern Urals to Amur.
# Eğribucak, Hassa

Eğribucak is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Hassa, Hatay Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 669 in 2022.
In late 19th century, German orientalist Martin Hartmann listed the village as a settlement of 38 houses of Turks and 12 houses of Armenians (including Armenian Catholics).
# Edward Bayard Heath

Edward Bayard Heath (November 17, 1888 – November 1, 1931) was an American Aircraft engineer.

## Biography

He was born on November 17, 1888, in Brooklyn, New York, to Clark Heath and Ada M. Johnson.
Heath designed and built a series of aircraft starting in 1909 with a Bleriot-inspired monoplane. His first flight was on 10 October 1909 in Amsterdam, New York, resulting in a broken landing gear. On July 4, 1910, Heath made $500 in appearance fees and $200 in photograph revenues from his aircraft that flew a 3 feet above the ground.
In 1911 Heath went to work for Glen Curtiss in Hammondsport, New York, as a motorcycle mechanic, next to the Curtiss aircraft factory where he built a second aircraft with Walter Eales making short aerial runs. After purchasing the Chicago-based Bates Aeroplane Company in 1912, Heath founded the E.B. Heath Aerial Vehicle Co., later becoming the Heath Airplane Company.
His company produced the Heath Feather and Heath Favorite after World War I, and later the Heath Parasol series of aircraft powered with Henderson Motorcycle engines.
Heath died on February 1, 1931, in Maine Township, Cook County, Illinois. He was in an aircraft accident while testing a new low-wing aircraft design.

## Legacy

Heath's company was eventually purchased and after World War II, changed its product to kit electronics. Heathkit filed for bankruptcy and closed in 2012. As of 2019, the company has a live website at www.heathkit.com.