OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Natural design

The Natural Design Perspective is an approach to psychology and biology that (among other things) holds that concepts such as "motivation", "emotion", "development", "adaptation" refer to objectively observable patterns, rather than hidden causes. It was developed by Nicholas S. Thompson (Professor Emeritus of Ethology and Psychology, Clark University), and has its roots in philosophical behaviorism and the new realism.
Natural Design may also refer to an holistic approach to Design called for by Prof David W. Orr (Professor of Environmental Studies and Politics, Oberlin College USA) and developed for research practice by Prof Seaton Baxter (Emeritus Professor for the Study of Natural Design, Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design, University of Dundee).

## History

Darwin intended natural selection to explain the presence of design in nature. However, the term "design" has been out of favor since the watchmaker analogy attacks from William Paley. Thompson believes that is a mistake, because without the concept of design, it is easy for evolutionary theory to become a tautology.
Natural design is design-without-a-designer, in the same sense that natural selection is selection-without-a-selector. Design is a term we use to refer to a matching of form and function, and we can recognize the presence of design independently of the cause of that design:
* A kitchen can become well designed for efficient food preparation due to the actions of a home designer.
* The hand of a blacksmith can becomes well designed for blacksmithing due to processes of muscle growth and callousing.
* The beaks of finches on the Galapagos became well designed to access different types of food through the process of natural selection.
In all those cases, one can identify the matching of form to function, and then look for the processes that explains the presence of that matching.
The field of ethology demonstrated, through decades of experimentation, the same principles that apply to the natural design of physical structures (such as beaks and bones) can apply equally to the design of behavior.

## Studying of behavior

Darwinism, psychologist who studies in behavior, stated two consequences of studying behavior.
* Conceptual consequence of breaking the mind and design. The presence of design was no longer evidence of an intending mind if Darwinism was correct. Therefore, design could exist by itself.
* Break down of the dualism and the partition that hitherto had existed between psychology and biology. Each discipline now could explain the preferred domain of the other such as instinct and natural selection can be used to human behavior and intentions are able to explain animal behavior.
These two results provided two competing systems for study of behavior and evolved into ethology and further evolved into comparative psychology.
# Navilatirtha

Naviluteertha is a village in Savadatti taluk of Belagavi district, Karnataka,India. It is a well-known picnic spot. The place derives its name as so many peafowls are found here. It has a dam (called Renuka Sagara or Naviluteertha Dam or Malaprabha Dam) that was built in 1974 across Malaprabha river. This is the shortest dam in Karnataka with a height of 155 m and 41 m length with four gates.
# Claro Brasil

Claro Brasil is a mobile, satellite-television, fixed, and broadband telecommunications operator in Brazil. It was created in 2003 as a result of the union of six regional operators: Americel, ATL, BCP Telecomunicações, Claro Digital, & Tess Celular.

## History

In September 2003, it was announced the consolidation of all these operators under a single brand, Claro. Controlled by América Móvil, the mobile company adopted the Claro brand in 16 other Latin American countries: Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic and Colombia.
In January 2015, Claro incorporated the companies Embratel & NET and became a publicly held company, with a corporate name "Claro S.A." It maintained the brands of the companies.
In September 2022, telecom regulator Anatel ruled that Claro must build over 700 km of fiber backhaul networks, with a minimum capacity of 10 Gbit/s, as compensation for the acquisitions of Nextel and Primesys.
In October 2022, Claro signed a deal with SES S.A. to enable the delivery of enhanced 4G/5G-ready services to over 260,000 inhabitants in the Amazon region.
In August 2023, Claro launched Internet Movel 5G+, its first residential internet plan using the 5G mobile network as FWA. Its service offers speeds up to 1 Gbps.
# Debus emarginatus

Debus emarginatus, is a species of weevil widely distributed throughout the Old World tropics.

## Distribution

It is native to China, India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, South Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Australia, Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands.

## Description

The average length of the species is about 3.3 to 3.6 mm. The postero-lateral extensions of elytra are short, and less than the width of apical emargination. The declivity is shallowly excavated. Elytral declivity clearly, confusedly punctate.

### Host plants

A polyphagous pest, it is found from many host plants.
* Abies fabri
* Azfelia palembanica
* Castanea argentea
* Castanopsis
* Cinchona
* Cyrtophyllum giganteum
* Dipterocarpus baudii
* Durio zibethinus
* Falcataria moluccana
* Ficus
* Koompassia excelsa
* Mangifera foetida
* Neobalanocarpus heimii
* Palaquium
* Pinus tabulaeformis
* Pinus yunnanensis
* Populus
* Quercus
* Sarcocephalus cordatus
* Shorea leprosula
* Symplocos
* Terminalia

## Control

It is a high-risk quarantine pest where they show inbreeding, with the males generally mating with their sisters within the parental gallery system before dispersal. Adult beetle does not actually feed on the plant material but uses it as a medium for growing the fungus which is the larval food. They are mostly found in felled timber. Attacked plants show signs of wilting, branch die-back, shoot breakage, chronic debilitation, sun-scorch or a general decline in vigour.
# Deburau

Deburau is a 1918 French play by Sacha Guitry that also played on Broadway in a translation by Harley Granville-Barker at the Belasco Theatre in 1920–21 and at the Ambassadors Theatre in London in 1921.

## Background

The play debuted on February 9, 1918, at the Théâtre du Vaudeville. Burns Mantle writes in The Best Plays of 1920-21 that Guitry had to withdraw the play due to World War I shells starting to drop within blocks of the theatre, but that the play had already been such a success that there was "lively bidding" for the American rights to a translated version that Harley Granville-Barker had made for Charles B. Cochran.
In America, after an out-of-town warmup in Washington, the play debuted at the Belasco Theatre on December 23, 1920. Mantle writes that it "immediately took its place, not only as one of the fine plays of this particular season, but as one of the most impressively and beautifully staged plays the American stage has ever known." Belasco, however, decided not to take the play on the road due to the cost of doing so, also reporting that the entire production in New York was also going to be a loss. The New York production required actors and staff totaling 126 (plus two children) to be staged.
In London, Granville-Barker's translation debuted at the Ambassadors Theatre on November 3, 1921, and played through November 26 (28 perf.) It was the stage debut for Ivor Novello. Robert Loraine played Deburau.

## Revivals and adaptations

The 1924 silent film The Lover of Camille is an adaptation of the play. The 1951 French film of the same name is also based on the play, with Sacha Guitry both directing and reprising his lead role.
It has been revived a number of times in France, including in 1950 and 1980.

## 1920 Broadway cast

* Lionel Atwill as Jean-Gaspard Deburau
* Elsie Mackay as Marie Duplessis
* Bernard A. Reinold as Monsieur Bertrand
* Hubert Druce as Robilard
* Joseph Herbert as Laurent
* Rowland Buckstohe as Laplace
* Margot Kelly as Justine
* Pauline Merriam as Madame Robard
* Marie Bryar as Clara
* Isabel Leighton as Honorine
* Edmund Gurney as Clement
* Sidney Toler as The "Barker"
* Helen Reimer as The Money Taker
* Lylia Burnand as The Unknown Lady
* St. Clair Bayfield as A Journalist
* Eden Gray as The Lady with the Lorgnette
* Morgan Farley as Charles Deburau
* John L. Shine as A Doctor
# Debussy (horse)

Debussy (foaled 26 February 2006) is an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse who won the Arlington Million in 2010. Debussy was trained by John Gosden.
# Claude-Michel Bégon de la Cour

Claude-Michel Bégon de la Cour (March 15, 1683 – April 30, 1748) was an officer in the colonial regular troops and a governor of Trois-Rivières.
Claude-Michel was the brother of Michel Bégon de la Picardière and they came to Canada together in 1713. Their father was Michel V Bégon who was intendant de la marine at the port of Rochefort and intendant of the généralité of La Rochelle. It was through the father's influence that Michel had been appointed intendant of New France and Claude-Michel had risen quickly in his military career.
Claude-Michel Bégon came to New France and was promoted to full captain with command of a company of troops in the Montreal garrison and, in 1714, he was made a naval lieutenant. In 1718, against his family's advice, he married Marie-Elisabeth Rocbert, the daughter of the garde magasin of Montréal. While this marriage did not appear to affect his career in Canada, it probably closed the door to a rising career in France like his brother Michel who left for France in 1726. That year, he was promoted to town major of Quebec City and Governor Beauharnois had him lead an attempt to expel the English from Fort Oswego on Lake Ontario. His negotiations were unsuccessful.
In 1743, Bégon became the governor of Trois-Rivières where he served until his death.
# Neba Solo

Neba Solo (born 1969) is the stage name of Souleymane Traoré, a musician based in Mali, West Africa. Neba Solo plays a kind of balafon, a marimba with wooden keys mounted on a wooden frame and attached to resonating chambers made from dried gourds.
Traoré hails from the village of Nebadougou, in the eastern part of the Sikasso region of Mali. His stage name derives from his home town, plus the shortened form of his first name (Souleymane).
He learned to play the balafon from his father, who was also an accomplished musician. He also learned how to make balafons from his father with local materials. He soon began performing with other musicians and formed a group, with himself playing balafon and singing, his younger brother Siaka also playing balafon, and various others from Nebadougou on accompanying percussion instruments. After listening to reggae music as a teenager, Traoré decided to experiment with his balafon's design, adding three extra bass keys to the instrument. In his group's current form, Souleymane plays his specially adapted bass balafon while Siaka plays the upper-register "lead" form of the instrument.
Neba Solo's music began to receive airplay on radio stations throughout his home region of Sikasso from the mid-1990s, particularly after the release of his recording "Hommage à Lamissa Bengaly." In 1996 he released another recording on the Malian market, entitled "Kenedougou Foly," which included highly successful songs such as "Vaccination," "Deli Fara," "Noumou Foly," and "Kenedougou Foly." The songs combined the best of the balafon's danceable rhythms with key innovations including vocal accompaniment and a driving bass line. Lyrics were sung in Traoré's native Senoufo language as well as in Bambara, Mali's most widely spoken language.
By 2002 Neba Solo's success had spread across Mali, and his group appeared regularly on nationally televised music shows. They composed and performed a popular anthem "CAN 2002" for the 2002 African Cup of Nations soccer tournament which Mali hosted. In the summer of 2003, they were part of Mali's delegation to the Smithsonian Folklife Festival, one of a small number of musical artists to be so honored.
Neba Solo has collaborated with artists from Mali as well as around the world, including French electronic musical artist Frédéric Galliano and the Iranian percussion group Trio Chemirani. Some of his songs have also been remixed by DJs and released on compilations by Six Degrees Records. Neba Solo has toured in Europe and North America in addition to Africa.
# Neba'a Faour

Neba'a Faour, Tell Neba'a Faour, Mashna'et el Faour, Neba Faour or Nebaa Faour is a large, low-lying archaeological tell mound in the Bekaa Valley, Lebanon inhabited in the late 7th and early 6th millennium BC. It was initially discovered by Lorraine Copeland and Peter J. Wescombe in 1965 near the road from Beirut to Damascus, 5 miles from the border with Syria. The site was mainly composed of soil and pebbles on limestone bedrock, the site showed heavy erosion since it was abandoned and recent damage from modern construction in the area. It has been suggested as an example of an aceramic stage following the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) that is called the Pre-Pottery Neolithic C (PPNC); sites of comparable culture are Tell Ramad, Labwe and others in the Byblos region. It is generally dated between the second half of the 7th millennium and the beginning of the 6th millennium BC.

## Materials recovered

Most of the material recovered from this open cast site came from surface finds along with a 7 feet (2.1 m) to 8 feet (2.4 m) core of Neolithic deposits. Neolithic levels revealed evidence of stone-wall footings and a series of distinctive cream, lime-plaster floors. Black, beige or brown flint was knapped at the site, and tools recovered included numerous scrapers, cores for blades, Byblos- and Amouq-point arrowheads, javelins, sickle blade elements, burins and borers. Lebanese sites of this date usually reveal heavy tools, but only two hand axes were recovered at this site. A stone bowl with a fine bead rim was also found.
The site is notable for finds of a type of precursor to clay pottery called "White Ware", or "Vaisselle Blanche". This was made with a type of lime plaster mixed with grey ashes, which when fired it turned into a hardened, white material that resembles limestone. Vessels were formed by coiling the plaster around baskets. Fragments of large vessels were found that are thought to have been used like "portable silos".
# Claude III de l'Aubespine

Claude III de l’Aubespine, seigneur de Hauterive, baron of Châteauneuf-sur-Loire (1544 – 11 September 1570) was a French diplomat, and Secretary of State. His father, Claude II de l'Aubespine was a key negotiator in the treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis (1559).

## Life

From the L'Aubespine family of merchants and lawyers in the upper Loire valley in Burgundy, he was the brother of Sébastien de L'Aubespine. His brother-in-law was Jacques Bourdin, seigneur de Villeines, and uncle was Jean de Morvilliers. His son-in-law was Nicolas de Neufville, seigneur de Villeroy. He married Marie Clutin d'Oisel, a daughter of Henri Cleutin.

## Sources

* ↑ Charles Hélion Marie le Gendre Luçay (comte de) (1881). Des origines du pouvoir ministériel en France: les secrétaires d'état depuis leur institution jusqu'à la mort de Louis XV. Librairie de la Société bibliographique.
* ↑ Euan K. Cameron (2006). The Sixteenth Century (Short Oxford History of Europe). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-873189-4.
Political offices :
| Preceded byJacques Bourdin | Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs 1567–1570 | Succeeded byClaude Pinart |
# Nawahi

Nawahi may refer to:
* Joseph Nāwahī
* Emma ʻAima Nāwahī
* "King" Bennie Nawahi
* Nawahi (crater)
# Nawaka Scout Jamboree

Nawaka (national water camp) is a National Jamboree for Sea Scouts in The Netherlands. It is organised every four years by Scouting Nederland. Around 5000 scouts, approximately 100 coming outside of the Netherlands, in the age of 7 to 21 years join this event bringing together about 1000 ships and sailboats.

## History

| Year | City | Name | Theme | Notes |
| 1949 | Rotterdam (kruiteiland) | Nationaal Zeeverkenners Kamp (national Sea Scouts camp) | | Try-out for 1950. |
| 1950 | Terhorne | Nationaal Zeeverkenners Kamp | 40 years Scouting |
| 1954 | Nieuwkoop | Nationaal Zeeverkenners Kamp | | |
| 1961 | Nieuwkoop | Nationaal Waterkamp (national water camp) | | |
| 1965 | Nieuwkoop | Nationaal Waterkamp | | |
| 1970 | Vinkeveen | Nawaka | | 6th national watercamp. The name 'Nawaka' is introduced. |
| 1976 | Vinkeveen | Nawaka | | Postponed for two years as a result of the 1973 oil crisis. |
| 1977 | Enkhuizen | Internationaal Loodsenkamp (international "Sea Rover Scouts" camp) | | Not an official water camp. |
| 1979 | Hellevoetsluis | Internationaal Loodsenkamp | | Not an official water camp. |
| 1980 | Vinkeveen | Nawaka | Buitengewoon, gewoon buiten | A lot of rain. |
| 1985 | Vinkeveen | Nawaka | Scouting 75 jaar in Nederland | 75 year anniversary of Scouting Nederland. A lot of rain. |
| 1989 | Roermond | Nawaka | Verrassend Avontuurlijk | Twice the size compared to the 1985 edition. |
| 1992 | Roermond | Nawaka | Zeilend Europa in | |
| 1997 | Roermond | Nawaka | Water leeft | |
| 2002 | Roermond | Nawaka | Over de kim | |
| 2006 | Giesbeek/Zevenaar | Nawaka | Voortvarend/Atlantis | |
| 2010 | Roermond | JubJam100 | 100 year Scouting in the Netherlands | |
| 2014 | Roermond | Nawaka | Waterproof! | |
| 2018 | Zeewolde | Nawaka | Ondersteboven | |
| 2022 | Zeewolde | Nawaka | Wonder schoon | |

## JubJam100

In 2010 the JubJam100 (Jubilee Jamboree 100) was held from 26 July to 4 August 2010 on the Nawaka-campsite as a camp for "Land", Sea and Air Scouts.
# Nawagattegama Divisional Secretariat

Nawagattegama Divisional Secretariat is a Divisional Secretariat of Puttalam District, of North Western Province, Sri Lanka.
# Deep Cuts

Deep Cuts may refer to:
* Deep Cuts (Mr. Big album)
* Deep Cuts (The Knife album)
* Deep Cuts (Strawbs album)
* Deep Cuts (A Perfect Circle album)
* Deep Cuts (Yellowcard album)
* Deep Cuts, Volume 1 (1973–1976) (Queen album)
* Deep Cuts, Volume 2 (1977–1982) (Queen album)
* Deep Cuts, Volume 3 (1984–1995) (Queen album)
* Deep Cuts (The Choir album)
# Nebria bellorum

Nebria bellorum is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.
# Clearaudio Electronic

Clear Audio Electronic GmbH of Germany is a manufacturer of high fidelity audio products. Formed in 1978, their primary focus is on vinyl turntables and related products such as cartridges. One of the particularly recognisable traits of a Clearaudio turntable are their transparent (or in some models translucent) acrylic components. The more expensive turntables showcase parallel tracking rather than pivot based tone arms.

## Product Lines

* Turntables
* Tonearms
* Cartridges
* Amplifiers
* Cables
* Record Cleaning Devices
# Nazad u veliki prljavi grad

"Nazad u veliki prljavi grad" (trans. "Back to the Big Dirty City") is a single from influential Serbian and former Yugoslav rock band Riblja Čorba.
B-side features an uncensored version of song "Mirno spavaj" (trans. "Sleep Peacefully").

## Track listing

* "Nazad u veliki prljavi grad" - 3:00
* "Mirno spavaj" - 3:02

## Personnel

* Bora Đorđević - vocals
* Miša Aleksić - bass guitar
* Rajko Kojić - guitar
* Momčilo Bajagić - guitar, bass guitar
* Vicko Milatović - drums
# Base circle

Base circle may refer to:
* Base circle (mechanics), a circular line in gear wheels
* Base circle (mathematics), a historical synonym for unit circle in mathematics
# Hemilienardia albostrigata

Hemilienardia albostrigata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 3 mm and 8 mm.
The shell is whitish or light yellowish brown, marked on the back of the body whorl with a pure white chalky-looking band, and in some instances with an interrupted band of brown.
This is a pure-white turreted little species, with a conspicuous dorsal squarrose brown spot just below the suture of the body whorl. The whorls are ventricose and ribbed longitudinally, crossed with a few conspicuous lirae. The outer lip is much thickened with large denticles on the inner surface, and the columella is toothed.
It differs from Hemilienardia apiculata (Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1864) by the presence of a brown spot on the edge of the body whorl.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off New Caledonia and Queensland, Australia
# Allison Davis

Allison Davis may refer to:
* Allison Davis (anthropologist) (1902–1983), American anthropologist
* Allison Davis (television executive) (born 1953), American television executive
* Allison S. Davis, American lawyer
# Benoît Bourque

Benoît Bourque is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick in the 2014 provincial election. He represents the electoral district of Kent South as a member of the Liberal Party.
Bourque was named Chairman of the Select Committee on Cannabis, pursuant to Motion 31 of the 3rd session of the 58th New Brunswick Legislature.
Bourque was re-elected in the 2018 and 2020 provincial elections.
As of September 8, 2024, he serves as the Official Opposition critic for Education and Early Childhood Development, as well as for la Francophonie and the Official Languages Act.
# Ian Stuart Black

Ian Stuart Black (21 March 1915 – 13 October 1997) was a British novelist, playwright and screenwriter. Both his 1959 novel In the Wake of a Stranger and his 1962 novel about the Cyprus emergency, The High Bright Sun, were made into films, Black writing the screenplays in each case.

## Early life

Black attended Daniel Stewart's College in Edinburgh and Manchester University, where he studied philosophy. After writing a one-act play and submitting it to the Donald Wolfit Theatre Company, he was asked to join them as an actor. Here he met his wife, the actress Anne Brooke, whom he married just prior to being called up for service in the Second World War. Following service with RAF Intelligence in the Middle East, he was demobilised in 1946.

## Writing

He later wrote scripts for several British television programmes from the 1950s to the 1970s, including The Invisible Man and Sir Francis Drake (for which he was also story editor), as well as Danger Man (on which he served as associate producer) and Star Maidens.
In addition, he wrote three stories for Doctor Who in 1966 and 1967. These stories were The Savages and The War Machines (with Kit Pedler and Pat Dunlop) for William Hartnell's Doctor; and The Macra Terror for Patrick Troughton. He novelised all three stories for Target Books. Of these three serials Black wrote for the show, only The War Machines is still known to exist in full. Both The Savages and The Macra Terror are completely missing from the BBC Archives.
His final credit was for a half-hour supernatural drama called House of Glass, which was made by Television South in 1991.

## Selected filmography

* The Limping Man (1953)
* Soho Incident (aka Spin a Dark Web) (1956)
* The Swagman (1965)
* The High Bright Sun (1965)