OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Carlos Torres (footballer, born 1968)

Carlos Luis Torres Martínez (born 20 March 1968) is a Paraguayan retired footballer who played as a striker.

## Club career

Born in Asunción, Torres began playing professionally with hometown's Club Olimpia, winning back-to-back Primera División titles with it. In 1991 he also helped the team reach the final of the Copa Libertadores, lost on aggregate to Chile's Colo-Colo (0–3). During that year he was crowned the domestic competition's topscorer in 1991, at 12 goals.
After that Libertadores tournament Torres moved to Argentina, where he would represent three clubs with different individual success (he scored nearly 50 official goals for Racing Club de Avellaneda and Argentinos Juniors combined, but only found the net once in the first division with Newell's Old Boys). He moved to Europe in 1995, joining Spanish second division side CD Badajoz and helping the Extremadurans to five consecutive seasons in the category whilst playing in more than 200 official games – never appeared in less than 34 in the league during his spell – and surpassing the 50-goal mark.
Aged 32, still in Spain and its second level, Torres signed for Real Jaén, being relegated in his second season – however, he had already left the Andalusians in the previous transfer window, moving to another team in the country, Ciudad de Murcia. After only a couple of months, he returned to his previous club.
Torres closed out his career in 2005, representing Tacuary in his homeland.

## International career

Torres represented Paraguay at the 1993 Copa América in Ecuador, as the national team exited in the quarterfinals after a 0–3 loss against the hosts.
# La Ferté-Imbault

La Ferté-Imbault (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher department of central France.
La Ferté-Imbault is home to Château de La Ferté-Imbault.

## Geography

The Rère forms part of the commune's southern border.

## Veteran cycles rally

The annual rally of the International Veteran Cycle Association was held in La Ferté-Imbault from 1 to 5 June 2011.
# Ponometia exigua

Ponometia exigua is a moth of the family Noctuidae first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1793. It is found from Georgia, south to Florida and west to Texas. Outside of the United States it is found in Jamaica, Cuba, Hispaniola, the Virgin Islands and Central America and South America down to Brazil.
It is a sexually dimorphic species.
The larvae feed on Erechtites hieraciifolia and Waltheria ovata.
# PV Telescopii variable

PV Telescopii variable is a type of variable star that is established in the General Catalogue of Variable Stars with the acronym PVTEL. This class of variables are defined as "helium supergiant Bp stars with weak hydrogen lines and enhanced lines of He and C". That is, the hydrogen spectral lines of these stars are weaker than normal for a star of stellar class B, while the lines of helium and carbon are stronger. They are a type of extreme helium star.
The prototype for this category of variable is PV Telescopii, which undergoes small but complex luminosity variations and radial velocity fluctuations. The PV Tel stars are extremely hydrogen-deficient compared to other B-class stars and vary in luminosity on time scales ranging from a few hours to several years. As of 2008, there are twelve confirmed PV Tel variables in the General Catalogue of Variable Stars.
PV Telescopii variables are subdivided into three distinct types on the basis of spectral type: type I represents late B and A stars, type II represents O and early B, and type III represents F and G stars. The type III stars are always carbon-rich and hydrogen-deficient, while the type I and II stars do not necessarily have an excess of carbon. The hotter types pulsate more quickly than the cooler types.

## List

The following list contains selected PV Telescopii variable that are of interest to amateur or professional astronomy. Unless otherwise noted, the given magnitudes are in the V-band.
| Star | Maximum magnitude | Minimum magnitude | Type | Spectral type |
| Upsilon Sagittarii | 4.43 | 4.65 | I | F2p |
| HD 182040 | 6.95 | 7.17 | III | C... |
| HM Librae | 7.42 | 7.63 | III | C |
| KS Persei | 7.60 | 7.85 | I | A5Iap |
| PV Telescopii | 9.24 | 9.40 | I | B5p |
| BD +1 4381 | 9.47 | 9.60 | I | F |
| CD -35 11760 | 9.62 | 9.83 | I | B4Ibe |
| HD 160641 | 9.78 | 10.08 | II | sdOC9.5II-III_He40 |
| DN Leonis | 9.91 | 10.00 | II | Bp |
| HD 124448 | 9.94 | 10.03 | II | B3p |
| NO Serpentis | 10.27 | 10.39 | I | B |
| V1920 Cygni | 10.30 | 10.41 | I | B2/3 |
| CPD -58 2721 | 10.40 | 10.60 | I | B+... |
| BD -9 4395 | 10.44 | 10.63 | II | B |
| LS IV -1 2 | 10.95 | 11.05 | I | OB+ |
# Clanculus maxillatus

Clanculus maxillatus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.
# Brian K. Roberts

Brian K. Roberts is an American television director. He is credited with directing over 350 programs for US television and over 200 episodes of Canadian television and films. He also directed few episodes of PBS/TVO Kids's "Odd Squad" season 2.

## Career

Roberts has directed some of television's most popular sitcoms on both sides of the border. While in Los Angeles, he directed episodes of the CBS series Everybody Loves Raymond and The King of Queens, ABC's The Drew Carey Show, Sabrina the Teenage Witch, Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place, The Hughleys, According To Jim which starred Jim Belushi, and the ABC/WB series Clueless, NBC's Boston Common, Fox's MADtv and the UPN series One on One and Eve, as well as About a Girl, Naturally, Sadie, The Jane Show, Cuts, How to be Indie, The Tony Danza Show, What I Like About You, Phil of the Future, Kristin, Zoe, Duncan, Jack and Jane, Oh, Grow Up, Grown Ups, 100 Deeds For Eddie McDowd, Thanks, Teen Angel, George and Leo, The George Carlin Show, Spun Out and the Disney Channel series Lizzie McGuire.
In addition, he was involved with The Simpsons in the early seasons from 1989 to 1991 and worked as an editor, a dialogue editor and as a writer, including penning the season two episode "Brush with Greatness".
He is not to be confused with the voice actor also named Brian K. Roberts, best known for his work on the VeggieTales series.
# Elizabeth Butchill

Elizabeth Butchill (ca. 1758–1780) was an English woman who was tried and executed for the murder of her illegitimate newborn child.

## Life

Little of Butchill's early life is known except that she came from Saffron Walden, Essex. In about 1777, Butchill—unmarried—moved to Cambridge to live with her uncle and aunt, William and Esther Hall. Like her aunt, she worked as a college bed maker at Trinity College. On 6 January 1780 Butchill spent the day in bed groaning and complaining of colic. She was tended to by her aunt in the morning and later in the evening. On 7 January the body of a newborn girl was found in the river near the Halls' home on the grounds of the college. At an inquest, the coroner—Mr Bond—determined that the baby had died of a fractured skull. William Hall believed that the infant was Butchill's and arranged for a surgeon to examine her. On examination, she admitted that she had given birth to the baby. She said that the child was born alive and that she had thrown her down a "necessary" (toilet) into the river and buried the placenta.
Butchill was charged by the coroner's jury with wilful murder. Unusually for an unmarried woman, she was not charged as the mother, that is, under the Concealment of Birth of Bastards Act 1623. Under this act, it was a capital offence for a mother to conceal the birth of a child. Butchill was simply tried for murder, and convicted. Despite pleading for mercy, she was sentenced to death and her body was to be anatomized. She was executed on 17 March 1780 at Cambridge. According to The Newgate Calendar, on the day of her death, she was "firm, resigned, and exemplary ... reconciled to her fate".
# Moni Aizik

Moni Aizik is an Israeli-born martial artist. Aizik has a jujutsu and judo background and is the founder of Commando Krav Maga.

## Israel

At the age of eight, under Opa Schutte, Aizik started training in judo and jujutsu. He won national title in judo seven times.
Aizik states that he was asked, shortly after the Yom Kippur War, to improve upon the army's existing hand-to-hand combat system due to his knowledge of martial arts, including various Israeli fighting systems, jujitsu and judo.
After his military service he trained at a Maccabi Tel Aviv club in Israel: Krav maga(CKM), Jiujitsu, and Judo. One of Aizik's students was Yael Arad, a 1992 Olympic silver medalist in judo.

## North America

Moving to North America in the 1980s, Aizik started teaching CKM at the Jewish Community Center in Toronto, Ontario, and later opened The Samurai Club martial center where he taught Commando Krav maga, Judo, MMA and Jiujitsu. Among his students were the former UFC Welterweight Champion Carlos Newton and Joel Gerson. In 2006 Aizik start spreading Commando Krav maga (CKM) all over the world.

## United Kingdom

On October 28, 2008, the British Advertising Standards Authority stated that Aizik cannot use "Ex-Israeli Special Forces Commando" or "Counter Terrorism Expert" in his advertising there since those claims can not be substantiated. Aizik says such documentation is classified.

## Personal life

His son, Tal Aizik, is a professional Dota 2 player who currently plays for Nouns Esports.
# La Ferté-Loupière

La Ferté-Loupière (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France. The village is famous for its danse macabre, dating back from the beginning of the 16th century, in the church of Saint-Germain.
# McMullan–Skinner House

The McMullan–Skinner House was a historic residence in Greenville, Alabama, United States. The house was built around 1890 and shared a corner lot with the House at 308 South Street. It was a gable-roofed one-and-a-half story house with an inset front porch. The interior had a double-pen plan, with the originally detached kitchen connected to the house through an enclosed porch. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986, and demolished sometime before 2008.
# Ponometia hutsoni

Ponometia hutsoni is a species of bird dropping moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Ponometia hutsoni is 9103.
# PKP class ED72

The ED72 (manufacturer's designation: Pafawag 5Bs/6Bs) is a Polish four-car, long distance electric multiple unit operated by Przewozy Regionalne (Polregio). Like its cousin (EN71), the ED72 is based on the EN57 and became the basis for its successor: the ED73.

## History

Between 1993 and 1997, 21 units were built by Pafawag. The newly built ED72s were assigned to large interregional transit operations in the towns of Poznań, Szczecin, Kraków, and Bydgoszcz.
The series was created as an "upmarket" replacement for the more spartan EN57 and EN71 electric multiple units. The express passenger service, InterRegio, for which the series was designed, did not find the ED72 to be as comfortable as they had anticipated.
Currently, all 21 units are still in use, servicing mostly InterRegio and some local Regio and RegioPlus trains.

## Modifications

The ED72 introduced a number of innovations over the previous series of EMUs. Amongst these was converting the rb (rear control cars) sections to first class units which were fitted with more comfortable seats, as well as new upholstery in the second class carriages. Double glazed windows were fitted; buttons for opening and closing the doors were installed — rather than having to wait for the driver to operate them; and matrix route manifests were installed, as opposed to the traditional blinds which only displayed the train's destination. The last unit to be produced — ED72-021 — is unique in that it has sliding doors that open outwards.
In terms of the unit's appearance, the major difference — apart from the red and yellow colour scheme — is the control cars' front ends. Furthermore, ED72s were originally equipped with single-arm pantographs, but most have been converted to using the traditional, diamond-shaped, double-arm version.
The ED72's couplers allow it to be easily connected to other EMUs, and this is done quite frequently.

## Rebuilds and refurbishment

20 of the 21 ED72 units (except the last one) have been either rebuilt by ZNTK "Minsk Mazowiecki" and PESA Bydgoszcz or refurbished by Polregio Rolling Stock Repair Plant in Kruszewiec between 2011 and 2020. 6 units have been rebuilt to ED72A in 2011–2013, sporting a redesigned driver's cab design similar to rebuilt EN57 and EN71 "turbokibels", while another 6 units were rebuilt to ED72Ac in 2017–2018, sporting a much more streamlined driver's cab nose design somewhat reminiscent of the Pesa Elf. Both ED72A and ED72Ac units also had their original traction motors replaced with newer asynchronous ones, enabling an increase in maximum speed to 130 km/h (81 mph). Interior-only refurbishments were performed by the aforementioned Polregio Rolling Stock Repair Plant on the remaining 8 units, mainly including new bicycle racks.

## Resources

* Modern Locos Gallery
* Rail Service
* www.lokomotywy.prv.pl
* Mikoleje
* Chabówka Rail Museum
# Clanculus leucomphalus

Clanculus leucomphalus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

## Description

(Original description by Joseph Verco) The size of the shell varies between 10 mm and 14 mm. The rather thin shell has a depressed conic shape. The smooth protoconch consists of 1½ whorl. The shell contains 6 sloping convex whorls that increase in size rapidly. The penultimate whorl contains 8 close-set spiral rows of smooth ovate granules. The body whorl has ten spiral rows of granules above the acutely angled periphery. The granules of the infrasutural row are much larger and placed axially, the rest spirally ovate. The ten rows on the base have flatter, more quadrate, and more close-set granules. Oblique axial striae crowd between the granules on the spire, but are obsolete on the base.
The aperture is quadrate oblique. The outer lip is crenulate, toothed just within the margin opposite each spiral lira, within this thickened and wrinkled, and in the throat lirate and nacreous. The basal lip is crenulate, thickened within with 5 teeth gradually enlarging towards the columella. The columella is oblique, nearly straight, ending below in a prominent, obliquely furrowed but not bifid tooth, with a large tubercle at the junction of its upper and middle third, and with a flange throughout its whole length bent towards the umbilicus. The umbilicus is wide and deep, with a funicle winding up its outer side to the tubercle on the columella. The umbilical border overhangs, and has 6 medium-sized tubercles, and is margined by a flat, axially incised, spiral lira, with a threadlet on either side.
The colour of the shell is light ashen-grey, with obscure flames of deeper grey or buff, and with numerous small pink dots on the second and third whorls. The umbilicus and its margin are pure white, the aperture nacreous green.

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia.
# Elizabeth Busche

Elizabeth Busche (September 12, 1992 – May 3, 2012) was an American curler from Duluth, Minnesota.

## Curling career

Busche started curling in 2001 but played third for Cory Christensen's junior team in 2011. They were Minnesota state runners-up in 2011 and 2012, thus representing "Minnesota 2" at the 2011 and 2012 United States Junior Curling Championships. The team won the 2012 Championship, qualifying them to represent the United States at the 2012 World Junior Curling Championships. The team finished last in the tournament with a 0–9 record.
In addition to her junior accolades, Busche was also a member of the 2011 Minnesota State Mixed championship team that finished 5th at the 2011 US Mixed Championship.

## Death

Busche died just two months after the 2012 World Juniors from a rare form of ovarian cancer.
# Black Warrior Affair

The Black Warrior affair was an 1854 incident touching trade and sovereignty between Spain and its American possessions and the United States.
Black Warrior, a ship in the American coastwise trade, touched at Havana, Cuba on February 28, 1854, on her eighteenth voyage to New York City. In technical conformity with law, but contrary to informal agreements, Cuban authorities demanded a cargo manifest. After a refusal, they seized and held the ship and cargo. The ship and cargo were restored to her owners on payment of a $6,000 fine, which was eventually remitted.
The controversy led to active discussions in the United States Congress and called forth able papers by Secretary of State William L. Marcy. However, the tactics of Pierre Soulé, American minister to Spain, temporarily threatened war. Linked somewhat with the Ostend Manifesto, the issue remained unresolved until August 1855, when Spain paid an indemnity of $53,000.
# Conservative replacement

A conservative replacement (also called a conservative mutation or a conservative substitution or a homologous replacement) is an amino acid replacement in a protein that changes a given amino acid to a different amino acid with similar biochemical properties (e.g. charge, hydrophobicity and size).
Conversely, a radical replacement, or radical substitution, is an amino acid replacement that exchanges an initial amino acid by a final amino acid with different physicochemical properties.

## Description

There are 20 naturally occurring amino acids, however some of these share similar characteristics. For example, leucine and isoleucine are both aliphatic, branched hydrophobes. Similarly, aspartic acid and glutamic acid are both small, negatively charged residues.
Although there are many ways to classify amino acids, they are often sorted into six main classes on the basis of their structure and the general chemical characteristics of their side chains (R groups).
| Class | Amino acids | 1-letter code |
| Aliphatic | Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine | G, A, V, L, I |
| Hydroxyl or sulfur/selenium-containing | Serine, Cysteine, Selenocysteine, Threonine, Methionine | S, C, U, T, M |
| Cyclic | Proline | P |
| Aromatic | Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Tryptophan | F, Y, W |
| Basic | Histidine, Lysine, Arginine | H, K, R |
| Acidic and their amides | Aspartate, Glutamate, Asparagine, Glutamine | D, E, N, Q |
Physicochemical distances aim at quantifying the intra-class and inter-class dissimilarity between amino acids based on their measurable properties, and many such measures have been proposed in the literature. Owing to their simplicity, two of the most commonly used measures are the ones of Grantham (1974) and Miyata et al (1979). A conservative replacement is therefore an exchange between two amino acids separated by a small physicochemical distance. Conversely, a radical replacement is an exchange between two amino acids separated by a large physicochemical distance.

## Impact on function

Conservative replacements in proteins often have a better effect on function than non-conservative replacements. The reduced effect of conservative replacements on function can also be seen in the occurrence of different replacements in nature. Non-conservative replacements between proteins are far more likely to be removed by natural selection due to their deleterious effects.
# Poppo I, Margrave of Carniola

Poppo I (also Boppo; died 13 July, before 1044), Count of Weimar-Orlamünde, was margrave of Istria from 1012 and of Carniola from 1040 to his death.
Poppo was the scion of a comital family from the Imperial Landgraviate of Thuringia. His father was Count William II of Weimar.
He married Hadamut, the daughter of one Count Weriand, who in 1001 had received large estates in eastern Friuli and Istria, then part of the March of Verona ruled by the Carinthian dukes, from the hands of Emperor Otto III. Poppo thus inherited a claim to the Istrian peninsula and began to use the margravial title. After King Henry III of Germany had inherited the Duchy Carinthia, he in 1040 established the separate Marches of Istria and Carniola. As his wife's mother was related to the Bavarian Counts of Ebersberg, who held possessions in Carniola, Poppo was also appointed Carniolan margrave.
Hadamut gave him one son, Ulric I, who succeeded his father in 1045.
# Epioblasma stewardsonii

Epioblasma stewardsonii, the Cumberland leafshell or Steward's pearly mussel, is an extinct species of freshwater mussel in the family Unionidae.
This species was endemic to the drainages of the Cumberland River and the Tennessee River in the United States. Its natural habitat was riffle areas in large- to medium-size rivers. Like most other members of this sensitive genus, it became extinct due habitat destruction and pollution. The last documented occurrence of this species was in 1909.
It appears to be most closely related to Epioblasma flexuosa, which is also now extinct.
# Clanculus margaritarius

Clanculus margaritarius, common name the beautiful clanculus, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.
Clanculus margaritarius multipunctatus Jansen, 1995: synonym of Clanculus multipunctatus Jansen, 1995

## Description
### Shell Characteristics

The size of the shell varies between 9 mm and 20 mm. The very solid shell has an elate-conic shape. It is narrowly false-umbilicate, red or reddish brown, dotted with black; rosy at the apex. The outlines of the spire are a little concave toward the apex. The spire contains about 7 whorls. These are nearly flat above, with linear, impressed sutures. The body whorl descends anteriorly and is encircled by about 13 or 14 granose lirae every second one, or on some specimens every one articulated with black dots. The interstices are finely spirally and obliquely striate. The base of the shell is convex. The aperture is tetragonal. The outer lip bears within a strong tubercle above, and a few plicae on the outer and lower part. The short columella is oblique, with a very slight fold above, very deeply entering the profound, extremely narrow axial pit, and at the base terminating in a large squarish trifid tooth. The parietal tract is finely wrinkled. The umbilicus is bounded by a plicate rib.

### Coloring

The phylum Mollusca is a highly diverse and rich species, with an abundant amount of color variations that is beneficial to learn from. From this family of Mollusca, studies are done to try to have a better understanding of pigmentation evolution, which can answer some bigger questions about color evolutions in the natural world.
Coloring in shells can result from a multitude of factors, such as behavioral characteristics and the environment mollusks live in. Coloring in their shells can be associated with mating displays, diet, heritable traits and defense mechanisms. The coloring in Clanculus margaritarius is normally reddish brown, pinkish-red and yellowish-brown with black spots. Scientist have an advantage when using the phylum Mollusca to study color variations, they are able to use the visible coloring to search for genes that are involved in color synthesis.

## Distribution

This marine species has a wide distribution. It occurs in the Central and East Indian Ocean, China, East India, Indo-China, Indo-Malaysia, Japan, Loyalty Islands, Malaysia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Oceania, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Taiwan and Queensland, and Australia.