OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pannage

Pannage is the practice of releasing livestock-pigs in a forest, so that they can feed on fallen acorns, beechmast, chestnuts or other nuts. Historically, it was a right or privilege granted to local people on common land or in royal forests across much of Europe. The practice was historically referred to as Eichelmast or Eckerich in German-speaking Europe while the fee to feed one's livestock in such a way was historically referred to as žirovina in Croatia and Slovenia.
Pannage had two useful purposes in the Middle Ages. While rooting around looking for nuts, pigs also turned the soil and broke it. Pig-rooting prevented soil compaction and released nutrients for plant growth. It also fattened pigs for slaughter.
Especially in the eastern shires of England, pannage was so prominent a value in the economic importance of woodland that it was often employed, as in Domesday Book (1086), as a measurement. Customarily, a pig was given to the lord of the manor for every certain number of pigs loosed de herbagio, as the right of pannage was entered. Edward Hasted quotes the Domesday Survey details for Norton in Kent. "Wood for the pannage of forty hogs".
Pannage is no longer carried out in most areas, but is still observed in the New Forest of Southern England, where it is also known as common of mast. It is still an important part of the forest ecology, and helps the husbandry of the other New Forest livestock – pigs can safely eat acorns as a large part of their diet, whereas excessive amounts may be poisonous to ponies and cattle.
The minimum duration of the New Forest pannage season is 60 days, but the start date varies according to the weather – and when the acorns fall. The Court of Verderers decides when pannage will start each year. During other times, pigs are not allowed to roam the forest, with the exception that breeding sows (known as "privileged sows") are by custom allowed out, providing that they return to the owner's holding at night and are not a nuisance. The pigs each have several nose rings clipped into their noses to prevent them rooting too much and causing damage to grassland.
# Melville (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
Melville is the second studio album by the Canadian rock band Rheostatics, released in 1991. This album garnered wide airplay across Canada, and the single "Record Body Count" was a significant hit for the band on Canadian alternative rock stations and MuchMusic in 1991.
The album's title was a complex, multilayered reference, meant to simultaneously evoke both writer Herman Melville and the town of Melville, Saskatchewan, as well as Lewis Melville, a frequent collaborator with the band who appeared as a session musician on the album.
The song “You Are Very Star”, a bonus track on the CD release, ends with a hockey announcer’s narration in which the band is presented as a hockey team competing for the league’s top ranking against 13 Engines, Scott B. Sympathy and Tom Cochrane.
In 1996, the Canadian music magazine Chart conducted a reader poll to determine the best Canadian albums of all time. Melville placed 16th in that poll. When the magazine conducted a follow-up poll in 2000, Melville placed fifth, behind only Joni Mitchell, Neil Young, Sloan and Rheostatics’ 1992 album Whale Music. In the magazine’s third poll in 2005, Melville placed 44th, but was one of only 25 albums to have placed in the Top 50 in all three polls.

## Track listing

All songs are credited to the Rheostatics, except where noted.
The last two songs are bonus tracks available only on the CD version of the album.
# Pristimantis minimus

Pristimantis minimus is a minute frog from the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Cordillera del Cóndor at elevations between 1,250–1,685 m (4,101–5,528 ft) asl on either side of the valley of the Rio Nangaritza, in the Zamora-Chinchipe Province of Ecuador. The species is the smallest known frog found in Ecuador to date, and is the smallest in the genus Pristimantis. It is suggested that this miniaturization is an adaptation to resource-poor environments.

## Description

Males of Pristimantis minimus grow to a mean size of 12.2 mm (0.48 in) in snout–vent length (range: 9.5–13.7 mm (0.37–0.54 in)). Females are somewhat larger, 15.3–18.9 mm (0.60–0.74 in) in snout–vent length. Dorsum is smooth to slightly shagreen. Finger and toe pads are expanded. Iris is red with thin black reticulation.

## Reproduction

Vocalizations by males are unknown, but males have vocal slits and it suggested that they produce soft calls. Clutch size is about three eggs only, but it is probable that this species lays several clutches of eggs during its reproductive season.

## Habitat

These frogs inhabit the dwarf forests of the Cordillera del Cóndor. Individuals were active during night on vegetation, 25–200 cm above ground.
# Calanthe rubens

Calanthe rubens is a species of orchid. It is native to the Philippines, Thailand and Malaysia and generally grows at elevations above 300 feet. It is warm growing and deciduous, commencing growth in spring and flowering in autumn.
# Cattistock

Cattistock is a village and civil parish in west Dorset, England, sited in the upper reaches of the Frome Valley, 8 miles (13 km) northwest of the county town Dorchester. The Dorset poet William Barnes called it "elbow-streeted Cattstock", a comment on the less-than-linear village street. In the 2011 census the parish had a population of 509.

## Parish church

A church was built here in the 12th century by the monks of Milton Abbey, though this structure has not survived. The current church, dedicated to St Peter and St Paul, was rebuilt in the 19th century by architects Sir George Gilbert Scott and his son George Gilbert Scott Junior. The Perpendicular-styled tower was the work of the latter, and has led to the church being dubbed the 'Cathedral of the Frome Valley'; he was also responsible for the porch, north aisle and vestry. A carillon of 35 bells was installed in the new tower a few years after its construction. This was the first carillon to be introduced to England and attracted hundreds of visitors to the valley, though the bells were destroyed by a fire in the tower on 15 September 1940. The fire also destroyed the very large clock, which previously almost spanned the width of the tower. In 1972 the Pevsner guide to Dorset architecture said that "for the mid- to late-nineteenth century, this is the masterpiece amongst Dorset churches". The church is a Grade I Listed Building.

## Chantmarle

Nearly 1.75 miles (2.82 km) north of the village is Chantmarle, a house dating from the 15th century, with additions in the 16th, 17th and 19th centuries. It received its name – which means "song of the blackbird" in Norman French – from the Chauntmerles family, who lived on the site in the early 13th century. In 1910 Inigo Thomas designed new end wings and a terraced garden with ponds. In the late 20th century Chantmarle was used as a centre for police training. It then became a Christian retreat and wedding reception venue, but is now once more a private home.

## Cattistock Hunt

The Cattistock Hunt is a foxhound pack established by a parson at Cattistock Lodge in the mid 18th century. It was given the name 'The True Blue'.
The Hunt has been affiliated with all UK naval vessels named HMS Cattistock, including the latest to bear the name, HMS Cattistock (M31).
The village also has a close relationship with those named ships too and has hosted the ships' crews on many occasions.
An ensign and emblem shield of HMS Cattistock - a blue cornflower, the symbol of the Hunt's colours and a wildflower local to the area - is displayed in the village church.

## Food festival

Cattistock hosts a Dorset knob throwing event and the Frome Valley Food Festival every year on the first Sunday in May.
# Eline De Munck

Eline De Munck (born 22 January 1988), also known by the stage name Ellektra, is a Belgian singer.
De Munck released her first album, More Is More, in 2010. She now appears on Q-music's radio program Que Pasa.

## Discography
### Albums

| Song | Chart | Peak position |
| More Is More | Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) | 23 |

### Singles

| Song | Chart | Peak position |
| "Footprints in the Sand" | Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 7 |
| "Real Love" | Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 7 |
| "I Hate It But I Love It" | Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 3 |
| "Do You Really Wanna Be with Me" | Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 3 |
| "Dance Dance" | Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 24 |
# Chicharrero

Chicharrero is a name given to the inhabitants of the island of Tenerife, in the Canary Islands. Originally, it was the name given to the inhabitants of the city Santa Cruz de Tenerife by inhabitants of neighbouring San Cristóbal de La Laguna in reference to the former eating the cheap fish chicharro. The term "chicharrero" may refer to people from Tenerife, but also to behaviour, dishes and drinks typical for people from Tenerife.

## The Chicharrero song

A popular carnival song is "Chicharrero de Corazón" the chorus of which goes something like this:
   "Chicharrero, chicharrero, chicharrero de corazón. Salta a la calle y dale al tambor que el carnaval ya empezó."
Which roughly translated to English is:
   "Chicharrero, chicharrero, chicharrero at heart. Hit the street and bang the drum, because Carnival has begun."
Some versions will replace the word empezó with llegó, which changes the translation to "because Carnival has arrived."
Like many drinking songs, versions are just as abundant as ways to create drinks on the vacation paradise of Tenerife.
The song is a variation on the Chilean music group "Mala Junta"'s song "Chileno de corazón."
# Hemiscopis violacea

Hemiscopis violacea is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Thomas Pennington Lucas in 1892. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.
The wingspan is about 15 mm. The forewings are brown with two indistinct purplish bands.
# Eric Metcalfe

Eric Metcalfe is a Canadian visual and performance artist.

## Early life

Eric Metcalfe was born in Vancouver, British Columbia and grew up in Victoria, British Columbia. He travelled to Europe in 1960 and 1961, and on his return, worked as a truck driver for five years. He then met Maxwell Bates in 1966 who encouraged him in his practise as an artist. On a scholarship he entered the University of Victoria in 1967 and studied for three years with artists such as Dana Atchley and Peter Daglish, among others (1967-1971) graduating with his B.F.A. in 1971.

## Career

With artists such as Hank Bull, Michael Morris, and Vincent Trasov, he explored comic book-style drawings and Fluxus conceptual art. In the 1970's, Metcalfe and Kate Craig to whom he was married (in 1969) started performing under the persona Dr. Brute and Lady Brute. They went dressed in leopard print to art openings and played leopard print instruments with the Brute Sax Band. They also collected examples of leopard print imagery from art, advertisements, magazines, and everyday life, and distributed them through a mail-art network. Metcalfe called their project to cover the world in leopard spots "Brutopia". In 1973, Metcalfe was one of the eight original founders of the Western Front Society.
In 2021, the University of Victoria held an exhibition titled Pop Anthropology of Eric Metcalfe’s oeuvre, spanning over sixty years, in celebration of the artist’s honorary doctorate (UVic DFA 2021, BFA 1970). It honoured his years as a student in Visual Arts at the University of Victoria in the early 1970s, as well as his lifetime achievements as a pioneer in performance art in western Canada and co-founder of the Western Front.
The Eric Metcalfe fonds is in the collection of the Morris and Helen Belkind Gallery, Vancouver.

## Awards

* 2000 Victor Martyn Lynch-Staunton Award from the Canada Council.
* 2006 Audain Prize for Lifetime Achievement in the Visual Arts
* 2008 Governor General's Awards in Visual and Media Arts.
* 2015 Honorary Doctorate from Emily Carr University of Art and Design
* 2021 Honorary Doctorate of Fine Arts from the University of Victoria

## Collections

Metcalfe's work is collected in the following museums, among others:
* Art Gallery of Greater Victoria
* Art Gallery of Nova Scotia
* Art Gallery of Ontario
* Morris and Helen Belkin Art Gallery
* Museum of Modern Art in New York (MoMA) (Collaborative work with Hank Bull)
* National Gallery of Canada
* University of Victoria Legacy Art Gallery
* Vancouver Art Gallery
* West Vancouver Art Museum
# Ernest Freeland

Ernest William Freeland (12 January 1870 – 22 November 1940) was an Australian politician. Born in Carrick, Tasmania, he was elected to the Tasmanian Legislative Council in 1919 as the member for Tamar, serving until 1937. He died in 1940 at Beaconsfield.
# Landscape (Kenny Barron album)

Landscape is an album by pianist Kenny Barron which was recorded in 1984 and first released on the Japanese Baystate label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
In his review on Allmusic, Ken Dryden stated "Kenny Barron emerged during the 1980s as one of the dominant pianists in his field, recording a series of first-rate releases for a variety of labels in the U.S., Europe, and Japan ... This first-rate effort will be appreciated by any fan of the great Kenny Barron".

## Track listing

All compositions by Kenny Barron except where noted.
* "Hush-a-Bye" (Traditional) – 7:46
* "Spring Is Here" (Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart) – 8:15
* "Kōjō no Tsuki" (Rentarō Taki, Bansui Tsuchii) – 8:40
* "Ringo Oiwake" (Fujio Ozawa, Masao Yoneyama) – 6:02
* "Calypso" – 4:39
* "Dear Old Stockholm" (Traditional) – 5:56
* "Sunset" – 5:58

## Personnel

* Kenny Barron – piano
* Cecil McBee – bass
* Al Foster – drums
# Polich (surname)

Polich is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* John Polich (1915–2001), American ice hockey player
* Mike Polich (born 1952), American ice hockey player
# Morgan House (Bloomington, Indiana)

Morgan House is a historic home located at Bloomington, Monroe County, Indiana. It was designed by architect George Franklin Barber and built in 1890. It is a two-story, Queen Anne style frame dwelling with an irregular plan. It features a long narrow verandah, two-story polygonal bay, multi-gabled roof, decorative shingles, and four brick chimneys with decorative corbelling.$^{:2}$
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. It is located in the North Washington Street Historic District.
# Bucinogonus

Bucinogonus is a genus of millipedes in the family Spirostreptidae. It contains the following species:
* Bucinogonus aviceps
* Bucinogonus kandti
* Bucinogonus silvestrii
# Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 285

Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 285 (P. Oxy. 285 or P. Oxy. II 285) is a fragment of an Extortion by a Tax-Collector, in Greek. It was discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It is dated to the year about 50. Currently it is housed in the British Library (Department of Manuscripts, 796) in London.

## Description

The measurements of the fragment are 244 by 98 mm. The document is mutilated.
The document is a petition was written by Sarapion, son of Theon, a weaver from Oxyrhynchus, and was addressed to the strategus Tiberius Claudius Pasion.
This papyrus was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1899.
# Bulbophyllum amorosoanum

Bulbophyllum amorosoanum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum found in Bukidnon, Mindanao, Philippines.

## Description

Plants are epiphytes with creeping terete rhizomes with ovoid to ellipsoid, unifoliate, pseudobulbs that are 2.5 – 4 mm long with a diameter of 1.9 - 2.3 mm. The pseudobulbs are covered in a papery sheath. The leaves are elliptic, glabrous with dimensions of 2–5 mm × 1.5–2 mm.
The inflorescence arises from under the pseudobulb and is 15 mm with a single orange flower. The peduncle is 11 mm long and terete. The flower has a triangular dorsal sepal 2.4 mm × 0.8 mm, ovate lateral sepals that are 3 veined and 2.7 mm × 1.3 mm, and linear petals that are 1.1 mm × 0.3 mm. The lip of the flower is narrowly tongue-like with a papillose abaxial surface. The column is 0.3 mm × 0.4 mm.

## Distribution

The plant is found growing moss cushions of branches and trunks of trees in deeply shaded rain forest in the Kalatungan Mountain Range at elevations between 1200 and 2100 meters.

## Taxonomy

This species was first collected on July 15, 2016, in Bukidnon at elevations of 1200 meters.
Bulbophyllum amorosoanum was described in the German journal Die Orchidee in 2017 by Mark Arcebal Naive, Dr. Miguel David De Leon, and Jim Cootes. The plant was published online as Bulbophyllum amorosum. The species is in Bulbophyllum sect. Macrocaulia and is most similar to Bulbophyllum montense but differs in the shape of the lip, petals, and sepals.
The plant was named after Dr. Victor Amoroso from Central Mindanao University, Philippines.
# Boerne City Lake

Boerne City Lake is a reservoir located in Boerne, Texas. The lake is situated west of U.S. Route 87.
# Erik Lindgren

Erik Lindgren (December 15, 1954) is an American composer and pianist. He runs Arf! Arf! Records, and has led or been a member of several ensembles, such as The Space Negros and Birdsongs of the Mesozoic.

## Early life

Lindgren was born in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania in December 1954. He attended Northfield Mount Hermon School from 1969–1972, and received his Bachelor's in Music from Tufts University in 1976. In 1974–1975, he spent his junior year abroad in London studying at the Guildhall School of Music. Lindgren received a Master's in music composition and piano performance from the University of Iowa in 1977.

## Career

Lindgren owns Foot Foot Music BMI, which publishes all of his compositions. In 1978, Lindgren established Sounds Interesting Productions, a commercial recording studio and music production company based in Cambridge, MA. In 1998, he relocated his facility to Middleborough, MA. Lindgren made The Well-Tempered Music Library, which consists of seven CDs of stock commercial music that he composed and produced.
Lindgren was a founding member of Birdsongs of the Mesozoic.
The composer celebrated his 50th birthday on June 4, 2005, performing original works live with various ensembles at the Longy School of Music.
In 2012, Lindgren received a commission from the Georgia Symphony Orchestra to compose "Extreme Spirituals," a 6-movement work.
Lindgren has been on the board of the Brockton Symphony since 2009, and the Plymouth Center for the Arts since 2018.
Lindgren runs the Arf! Arf! label.
# Pedagogical relation

The pedagogical relation refers to special kind of personal relationship between adult and child or adult or student for the sake of the child or student. The pedagogical relation is described by Hermann Nohl, Klaus Mollenhauer, and others in the Northern European human science pedagogical tradition. It has been discussed more recently in English by Max van Manen, Norm Friesen, Tone Saevi and others..
In the pedagogical relation, adult and child encounter each other in ways that are different from other relationships (e.g., friendship)
* In the pedagogical relation the adult is directed toward the child. The relation is asymmetrical.. The adult is "there" for the child in a way that the child is not "there" for the adult.
* In the pedagogical relation the adult wants or intends both what is good for the child in the present and in the future. This relationship is oriented to what the child or young person may become (without trying to predetermine it), but without ignoring what is important for the child in the present. These two, present needs and the likely requirements of the future, exist in constant tension this relation.
* The pedagogical relation comes to an end. The child grows up and the asymmetry of the relation dissolves. As Klaus Mollenhauer explains, "upbringing comes to an end when the child no longer needs to be "called" to self-activity, but instead has the wherewithal to educate himself."
* In the pedagogical relation the adult is tactful. It is not about following rules and guidelines, but rather, about acting and also not acting according to what is appropriate for both the present and the future of a specific child in question.
* In the pedagogical relation, the adult mediates the relationship of the child with the world. This can happen by protecting the child from certain aspects of the world; it often happens by simplifying certain aspects of the world for the child, by directing the child's attention through gestures of pointing and guiding.
In a text from 1933, educationist Herman Nohl describes the pedagogical relation as a relationship between a particular stance of the educator in relationship to the one being educated (educand):
   This basic stance … is decisively characterized by the fact that its perspective is unconditionally that of the educand. This means that its task is not to draw the child towards … specific, predetermined, objective goals that it might see … [in] the state, the church, the law, the economy, and also not of a [political] party or worldview. Instead, it sees its goal in the subject and his/her physical and personal realization or unfolding (körperlich-geistige Entfaltung). That this child here comes to his life’s purpose (Lebensziel), that is [its] … autonomous and inalienable task. (p. 152)
The pedagogical relation, finally, has as its interest not necessarily the "success" of the student, but rather their "subjectivation"--their becoming a subject, a person, something that is to be pursued as an end in itself.
# Clivina pravei

Clivina pravei is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Lutshnik in 1927.
# Landscape (disambiguation)

Landscape refers to the visible features of an area of land (usually rural), or a pictorial representation of an area of countryside.
Landscape may also refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Landscape art, an artwork depicting natural scenery
* Landscape photography
* Landscape (play), by Harold Pinter
* Landscape (film), a 2000 Slovak film directed by Martin Šulík
* Landscape (band), an English jazz-funk-synthpop band active in the 1970s and 80s
* Landscapes (band), a British melodic hardcore band formed in 2009
* Landscapes (Anthony Quintal album), a 2015 compilation album
* Landscape (Art Pepper album)
* Landscape (Kenny Barron album)
* Landscape (Landscape album)
* Landscape, by 2014 album by Peter Leitch
* Landscapes (Elroy Fritsch album)
* Landscape: Memory, a novel by Matthew Stadler
* The Landscape, a 2000 Indian animated short film by Ravi Jadhav about urbanization in India, winner of the National Film Award for Best Non-Feature Animation Film

## Other uses

* Landscape format, where the longer axis of printed material is horizontal (as opposed to "portrait")
* Landscape Arch, a natural rock arch in Arches National Park, Utah, United States
* The Landscape Channel, a British TV channel
* Landscape (horse), a British Thoroughbred racehorse
* Landscape (magazine), a magazine on human geography founded by J.B. Jackson
* Landscape, the journal of the Landscape Institute, a British professional body
* Landscape (software), a proprietary web service for centralized management of Ubuntu
* String theory landscape, the exponential number of compactifications in string theory