OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Calodera

Calodera is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Staphylinidae.
The genus was first described by Mannerheim in 1830.
The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.
Species:
* Calodera aethiops
* Calodera nigrita
* Calodera protensa
* Calodera riparia
* Calodera rubens
* Calodera rufescens
* Calodera uliginosa
# Pierre Humbert (mathematician)

Pierre Humbert (13 June 1891, Paris – 17 November 1953, Montpellier) was a French mathematician who worked on the theory of elliptic functions and introduced Humbert polynomials. He was the son of the mathematician Georges Humbert and married the daughter of Henri Andoyer.
Pierre Humbert was an Invited Speaker of the ICM in 1928 in Bologna.
# Corn Springs

Corn Springs is a palm oasis situated in the Chuckwalla Mountains of the Colorado Desert in Riverside County, California, United States, seventeen miles southeast of Desert Center. Native Americans relied on the springs, and they engraved many petroglyphs on the rocks in the area. In the late 19th century, miners in the area also relied on the springs, and they established the Corn Springs Mining District in 1897.
The springs were added to the United States National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

## History

The springs were used for thousands of years by nomadic Native Americans. The Chemehuevi, Desert Cahuilla and Yuma bands frequented the spring and carved elaborate petroglyphs in the nearby rocks. Some of the oldest rock art is over 10,000 years old. At times, there was enough surface water for gardening by the springs. The Indians also utilized the fruit of the palms.
Early white visitors found feral corn plants in the vicinity, giving the spring its present name.
In the late 19th century, miners came to the area and used the water for processing their gold ore. The most notable resident of the spring was Gus Lederer, the self-proclaimed "Mayor of Corn Springs". Lederer lived at the spring until 1932, when he died from a black widow spider bite, and was subsequently buried at Aztec Wells". Following Lederer's death in 1932, the land passed into public domain and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) established a campground.
A BLM-run campground, with a well for drawing water from the spring, was established nearby. One mile past the camp ground is a miner's cabin and the remains of one of the mills. Edward Wodetzki and family mined this area until the early 1980s. At the time they had numerous gold, silver, and iron ore claims. More mines and cabins are located further up the road.

## Geography

The area is located on the USGS Corn Spring, California, 7.5-minute quadrangle (1981) at latitude/longitude 33°37′34″N 115°19′31″W﻿ / ﻿33.62611°N 115.32528°W﻿ / 33.62611; -115.32528. Over 60 California Fan Palms surround the spring. Typically there is no surface flow, but the wash that drains the area is named the Corn Springs Wash.
The spring is dynamic, and for unknown reasons the amount of water coming to the surface has fluctuated widely over the years. The source of the water is unknown – very little rain falls in the area, and the nearest body of water is the Colorado River, over 40 miles to the east.
The spring can be reached via Corn Springs Road from Chuckawalla Valley Road just off Interstate 10, about halfway between Indio and Blythe.
# Bac Beag

Bac Beag is a Scottish island, one of the Treshnish Isles in the Inner Hebrides.

## Origin of name

The Gaelic name has several possible interpretations. The meaning of Beag clearly means “small” (as opposed to Bac Mòr, its larger sister), but the word Bac can mean either a "bank", or an "obstacle" or "hindrance".

## Geography

Bac Beag, along with its sister island, Bac Mor, lies south of Lunga, and is at the south-western end of the Treshnish Isles’ chain. In contrast to Bac Mòr, Bac Beag is low-lying and fairly flat. It is of volcanic origin.

## Wildlife

Like the other Treshnish Isles, Bac Beag is uninhabited and is owned by a charity, the Hebridean Trust. The Treshnish Isles are designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest and a Special Protection Area due to their importance for breeding seabirds.
# Gliese 876 e

Gliese 876 e is an exoplanet orbiting the star Gliese 876 in the constellation of Aquarius. It is in a 1:2:4 Laplace resonance with the planets Gliese 876 c and Gliese 876 b: for each orbit of planet e, planet b completes two orbits and planet c completes four. This configuration is the second known example of a Laplace resonance after Jupiter's moons Io, Europa and Ganymede. Its orbit takes 124 days to complete.
Gliese 876 e has a mass similar to that of the planet Uranus. Its orbit takes 124 days to complete, or roughly one third of a year. While the orbital period is longer than that of Mercury around the Sun, the lower mass of the host star relative to the Sun means the planet's orbit has a slightly smaller semimajor axis. Unlike Mercury, Gliese 876 e has a nearly circular orbit with an eccentricity of 0.055 ± 0.012.
This planet, like b and c, has likely migrated inward.
# Mike Pucillo

Michael Pucillo (/puːˈsɪloʊ/; born July 14, 1979) is an American former professional football player who played offensive guard in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Auburn.

## College career

Pucillo attended Auburn University and was a letterman in football. In football, he played offensive guard and center, started 25 games, and as a junior, he helped the team average 356.7 total yards per game.

## Professional career

He was drafted in the seventh round of the 2002 NFL Draft.
On February 27, 2007, Pucillo re-signed with the Redskins in a 1-year contract worth $540,000 (veteran minimum).
Due to an injury to Todd Wade, Pucillo got his first start at left guard during the preseason against the Pittsburgh Steelers. Head Coach Joe Gibbs said, "With Todd being hurt, we gave him a chance to start and I thought he did very well. He continues to be a valuable guy because he can do so many things for you. He can play tight end for you in our [short yardage] package. He can back up Casey at center and now he has a chance to start at guard. So we have to continue to play that out. There's an example of someone seizing an opportunity and he gave it everything he's got. He has been impressive." However, the Redskins did not resign Pucillo after the 2007 season so he became a free agent.
# R1 Airlines

R1 Airlines Ltd., formerly known as Regional 1 Airlines, was a regional airline based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

## History

It was established and started operations in August 2003 as Westpoint Airlines and renamed to Regional 1 Airlines the following year operating scheduled services in Western Canada. On September 11, 2005, the airline ceased providing scheduled operations and focused entirely on providing business charter services, workforce transportation and ACMI operations. R1 Airlines under Order No. 2019-A-52 had its operating certificates suspended, on April 8, 2019, by the Canadian Transportation Agency. Reason for suspension is listed as "The Licensee has ceased to meet the requirement to hold a valid Canadian aviation document under subparagraphs 61(a)(ii) and 73(1)(a)(ii) of the Canada Transportation Act, S.C., 1996, c. 10, as amended (CTA)". On February 20, 2020, Determination No. A-2020-30 was issued by the Canadian Transportation Agency as The Licensee has requested that the licences remain suspended and not be cancelled. The Canadian Transportation Agency stated that the licences will be automatically cancelled, if they are not reinstated within one year from the date of this Determination.

## Fleet
### Current fleet

The R1 Airlines fleet consists of the following aircraft (as of September 2019). All aircraft are listed under Regional 1 Airlines:

### Former fleet

The airline previously operated other models of the aircraft listed above and the de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter.

## Joint venture with Air Georgian

On November 15, 2013, Regional 1 and Air Georgian completed a joint venture through the creation of a parent company, Regional Express Aviation Ltd. (REAL), based in Calgary, Alberta and then rebranded under the name of R1 Airlines Ltd. Its new ownership structure gives the subsidiary additional clout in both the domestic and international aircraft, crew, maintenance and insurance (ACMI) business charter markets. One of the immediate benefits delivered through the launch of REAL was Air Georgian's 15-strong fleet of Beech 1900D turboprops, which are now being offered by R1 on both new and existing ACMI contracts in addition to its regular scheduled work for Air Canada. Through its links with Air Georgian and Avmax, R1 Airlines now has access to the world's largest private fleet of Dash 8 and CRJs, while the addition of the 18-seat Beech 1900Ds mean it can now serve far smaller markets that had been inaccessible to its larger types.
The arrangement also provides more than $100 million in spare parts and domestic maintenance bases in Halifax, Montreal, Kingston, Toronto, Calgary and Vancouver. International deployments are supported through Avmax facilities in Great Falls, Montana, Jacksonville, Florida, Nairobi, Kenya and N’djamena, Chad.
# Café Hawelka

Café Hawelka (German:) is a traditional Viennese café located at Dorotheergasse 6 in the Innere Stadt, the first district of Vienna, Austria.

## History

The Café Hawelka was opened by Leopold Hawelka in 1939. Hawelka had previously operated the Kaffee Alt Wien on Bäckerstraße since 1936 and together with his wife Josefine took over the Café Ludwig in the Dorotheergasse in May 1939. This spot was originally the location of the "Chatham Bar" opened in 1906. For two decades in recent past it was wrongly believed that the original venue was called "Je t'aime-Bar". After the outbreak of World War II, the Hawelka had to be closed, and in Fall 1945 it was reopened in the still largely intact building.
After the end of the period of occupation after 1955, the café quickly became a meeting point for writers and critics like Heimito von Doderer, Albert Paris Gütersloh, Hilde Spiel, Friedrich Torberg and Hans Weigel. After the closing of the Café Herrenhof in 1961, even more artists gathered here, and it became a central meeting place in the art scene of the time. Regular guests included Friedrich Achleitner, H. C. Artmann, Konrad Bayer, Ernst Fuchs, Friedensreich Hundertwasser, Rudolf Hausner, Wolfgang Hutter, Helmut Qualtinger, Gerhard Rühm, and Oskar Werner. In the sixties and seventies, the café experienced its peak. The artistic atmosphere of the café also inspired Georg Danzer's 1976 song Jö, schau (...was macht ein Nackerter im Hawelka).
Josefine Hawelka died on 22 March 2005 after managing the café for sixty-six years with her husband. She had baked the place's specialty, its Buchteln desserts (which are still made by Günther Hawelka, son of Josefine and Leopold, according to the old recipe). Until his death in 2011, Leopold Hawelka could still be found sitting at its entrance, greeting guests.

## Melange

Café Hawelka serves a Melange (similar to a cappuccino) at a cost of €4.80 (as of December 2023).
# Damri

Damri or DAMRI may refer to:
* Perum DAMRI, a state owned public transit bus company in Jakarta, Indonesia
* Damri, Nepal
# Eugène Peney

Eugène Peney (born 1889, date of death unknown) was a Swiss weightlifter. He competed in the men's heavyweight event at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# Pierre Hupé

Pierre Hupé (22 March 1907, Baye – 23 August 2003, Paris) was a French paleontologist.
Hupé studied sciences at the Universities of Strasbourg and Nancy, where he graduated in 1931 with the geneticist Lucien Cuénot. Hupé was an excellent draftsman, for which he also won prizes at the University. After that he was high school teacher of natural sciences. In the 1930s he made the first geological inventory of the Pyrenees on an assignment by Professor Charles Jacob. During World War II he was an artillery officer and received the Croix de Guerre. Between 1945 and 1949 he worked for the CNRS and in 1951 at started at the Laboratory of Geology of the Sorbonne. In 1960 he was appointed professor of paleontology at the Sorbonne (later the University of Paris VI, Pierre et Marie Curie), where he founded the Laboratory of Invertebrate Paleontology in 1967, which he directed until his retirement in 1977.
Hupé is known for his classical works on trilobites, especially their classification. This work later formed the basis for the classification in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. He is also known for his work on the trilobites of the Lower Cambrian of Morocco, and his detailed stratigraphy, commissioned by the Service Geologique du Maroc in 1952. He gained international recognition with his monograph of the Lower and Middle Cambrian and Ordovician in southern Morocco, and received in 1957 the Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal. In 1959 he received his doctorate with a thesis titled Nouvelle contribution a l´etude du Cambrien Marocain. He left his trilobites collection to the University of Rennes I, and to the Natural History Museum in Havre.

## Main publications

* Classe des Trilobites, in J. Piveteau Traité de Paléontologie, Band 3, Masson 1953, S. 44-246
* Classification des Trilobites, Annales de Paléontologie, 1953, 1955
* Contribution a l´etude du Cambrien inferieur et du Precambrien III de l´Antiatlas marocain, Notes et Memoires, Service des Mines et de la Carte geologique du Maroc, Band 103, 1953, pp. 1–402

## Sources

* biography in Palass Newsletter pdf
* Obituary of Francoise Bigey, the Paleontological Society Newsletter (Priscum), Volume 12, No.2, Winter 2004
# Centrally closed subgroup

In mathematics, in the realm of group theory, a subgroup of a group is said to be centrally closed if the centralizer of any non identity element of the subgroup lies inside the subgroup. This property is useful in understanding group structures, normalizers, and Galois theory. Centrally closed subgroups are related to commutators and play a role in analyzing group symmetries and field extensions.
Some facts about centrally closed subgroups:
* Every malnormal subgroup is centrally closed.
* Every Frobenius kernel is centrally closed.
* SA subgroups are precisely the centrally closed Abelian subgroups.
* The trivial subgroup and the whole group are centrally closed
# Fawn-breasted wren

The fawn-breasted wren (Cantorchilus guarayanus) is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The fawn-breasted wren has sometimes been treated as conspecific with the buff-breasted wren (Cantorchilus leucotis), though they have very different vocalizations. The species is monotypic.

## Description

The fawn-breasted wren is 13.5 cm (5.3 in) long and weighs 13 to 14 g (0.46 to 0.49 oz). Adults have a plain medium brown crown and upperparts that becomes rufescent on the lower back and rump. Their tail is reddish brown with crisp black bars. They have a narrow white supercilium mostly behind the eye, cheeks mottled gray-white and blackish, and black malar and moustacial stripes. Their chin is whitish, the chest a warm orange-buff, and the belly and vent area a deeper orange-buff. Juveniles are similar but their facial markings are less distinct.

## Distribution and habitat

The fawn-breasted wren is found across much of northeastern Bolivia, a fairly thin slice of adjacent western Brazil, and a small part of northeastern Paraguay. It inhabits várzea scrubland and secondary forest, mostly near water. In elevation it ranges up to approximately 400 m (1,300 ft).

## Behavior
### Feeding

The fawn-breasted wren forages in pairs during the dry season and small family groups after nesting. It hunts in dense growth, usually from the ground up to 4 m (13 ft) above it, but sometimes as high as 10 m (33 ft). Its diet has not been documented.

### Breeding

Only a few fawn-breasted wren nests have been described, and little has been published about its breeding phenology. Nests are a flimsy dome of grasses and root hairs with a side entrance placed up to 3 m (9.8 ft) above ground in weeds, bushes, or the base of a small palm. The clutch size is two.

### Vocalization

* Songs and calls
* Listen to fawn-breasted wren on xeno-canto
The members of a fawn-breasted wren pair sing antiphonally, the male's part a "cheerilo-choli" and the female's "pew-pew, pew-pew". Calls include a repeated "pew-pew" and harsh clicks.

## Status

The IUCN has assessed the fawn-breasted wren as being of Least Concern. Though its population size has not been determined, it is believed to be fairly common to common across its range.
# Hiroko Kurumizawa

Hiroko Kurumizawa (胡桃沢 ひろこ, Kurumizawa Hiroko) is a Japanese singer. In 1991, she became a member of Sakurakko Club, together with Anza Oyama, Miki Nakatani, Miho Kanno, and Noriko Katō. Her real name is Hiroko Yamazaki (山崎 裕子, Yamazaki Hiroko).
# Global IP Solutions

Global IP Solutions (also known as GIPS) was a United States–based corporation that developed real-time voice and video processing software for IP networks, before it was acquired by Google in May 2010. The company delivered embedded software that enabled real-time communications capabilities for video and voice over IP (VoIP). GIPS was perhaps best known for developing the narrowband iLBC and wideband iSAC speech codecs.
GIPS software was generally delivered as “engines” that packaged together voice and video processing components for smoother integration and better performance. GIPS’ customers are primarily service providers, application developers, and manufacturers of IP phones, gateways or voice and video conferencing systems.

## History

The company (formerly known as Global IP Sound) was founded in July 1999 in Stockholm, Sweden, by signal processing experts Roar Hagen (then GIPS’ CTO) and Bastiaan Kleijn (then GIPS’ Chief Scientist), Espen Fjogstad and Ivar T. Hognestad. The founders recognized that, at the time, most VoIP technology had been developed for circuit switched networks, and were therefore not suited to handle the network delay, jitter and packet loss presented by IP networks.
In May 2010, Google bought GIPS for $68.2 million. In June 2011, Google released WebRTC, a proposed standard for pluginless peer-to-peer audiovisual communication between browsers, with GIPS technology.
# Milan, Washington

Milan is an unincorporated community in Spokane County, Washington, United States. It is named after the Italian city of Milan.

## Geography

Milan is a rural community located along the Burlington Northern Railroad in northern Spokane County. The Little Spokane River flows through flows through the community. U.S. Route 2 runs north-south about a mile and a half west of Milan. Nearby communities include Elk, 5 miles upstream from Milan, and Deer Park, 7 miles to the west. Spokane, the region's largest city, is 23 miles to the south along U.S. Route 2.
The community is located in a thin but deep valley that rises from 1,800 feet along the Little Spokane River up to 2,638 feet at the summit of Milan Hill just southeast of the town site. The foothills and mountains in the Milan area are part of the Selkirk Mountains.
Milan is served by the Riverside School District. The schools are located just outside of town at the intersection of U.S. Route 2 and Deer Park-Milan Road.

## History

In 1900, Milan was an important shipping point on the Great Northern Railway. There were two sawmills in the community, and two more within a couple of miles, which supplied lumber to the city of Spokane. James Conalton was Milan's postmaster and storekeeper at the time.
Today Milan is a residential community with a few dozen buildings. At the intersection of U.S. Route 2 and Deer Park-Milan road, about a mile and a half from the original community, are commercial and public buildings including restaurants, a market and schools that serve the broader area.
# R. S. Mongia

Justice R. S. Mongia (1940-2017) was the Chief Justice of Guwahati High Court and Chairperson of Punjab State Human Rights Commission.

## Career

Justice Mongia obtained his law degree from Panjab University, Chandigarh in 1963 before he was enrolled as an Advocate in Punjab and Haryana High Court in the year 1964. On 15 June 1990 he was elevated as Judge of Punjab and Haryana High Court.
On 21 June 2001 he was transferred to Guwahati High Court as Acting Chief Justice and appointed as Chief Justice on 21 September 2001. He retired on 10 June 2002.
After this he was appointed the Chairperson of Punjab State Human Rights Commission on 12 November 2007 and served till 9 June 2010.
He died after long illness on 21 August 2017 in Delhi.
# Clivina punctaticeps

Clivina punctaticeps is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Jules Putzeys in 1868.
# Childs Island (Massachusetts)

Childs Island is a small heavily forested island located north of the Stop River in the wetlands of Medfield Rhododendrons in Medfield, Massachusetts.
# Eugène Penard

Eugène Penard (16 September 1855 – 5 January 1954) was a Swiss biologist and pioneer in systematics of the amoebae.
Penard was born in Geneva where his father ran a private school. After studying in Geneva, Eugène worked in a bank but decided to pursue science and went to the University of Edinburgh followed by studies at the University of Heidelberg under Otto Bütschli. He then became a student of Karl Vogt in Geneva from 1882 with a break serving as a private tutor to Prince Orlov in St. Petersburg from 1883 to 1886. He began to study protists and received a doctorate in 1887 for his studies on Ceratium hirundinella. He then spent some years as a private tutor in Germany in the Baron Belevski household. He then travelled and collected around the world and returned to Geneva in 1900. He then began to conduct studies and described nearly 530 new species of microscopic organisms before his eyesight prevented him from microscopic studies.
# Mordellistena bodemeyeri

Mordellistena bodemeyeri is a beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1956 by Ermisch.
# Razbojište

Razbojište is a village in Croatia. It is connected by the D515 highway.
# Broadcast/Multicast Control

The Broadcast/Multicast control (BMC) is a sublayer of layer 2 protocol of Radio Interface Protocol Architecture as per BMC-STD. It exists in the user plane only. It is located above the Radio Link Control (RLC), a layer 2 responsible for mapping logical channels. It is similar to 802.11's LLC layer which supports multimode operations and it works in three different modes:
Other functions specified in [3GPP TS 25.301] are:
* Storage of Cell Broadcast Messages.
* Traffic volume monitoring and radio resource request for CBS.
* Scheduling of BMC messages.
* Transmission of BMC messages to UE.
* Delivery of Cell Broadcast messages to upper layer (NAS).
Except for broadcast/multicast it operates in transparent mode as per [BMC-STD]. On the uplink BMC it requires Unacknowledged mode of data transfer from RLC.
# Gmina Tuszyn

Gmina Tuszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuszyn, which lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
The gmina covers an area of 128.87 square kilometres (49.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 11,690 (out of which the population of Tuszyn amounts to 7,178, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,512).

## Villages

Apart from the town of Tuszyn, Gmina Tuszyn contains the villages and settlements of Bądzyń, Dylew, Garbów, Garbówek, Głuchów, Gołygów, Górki Duże, Górki Małe, Jutroszew, Kruszów, Mąkoszyn, Modlica, Rydzynki, Syski, Szczukwin, Tuszynek Majoracki, Wodzin Majoracki, Wodzin Prywatny, Wodzinek, Wola Kazubowa, Żeromin and Zofiówka.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Tuszyn is bordered by the gminas of Brójce, Czarnocin, Dłutów, Grabica, Moszczenica, Pabianice and Rzgów.

## Twin towns

* Bucha, Ukraine