OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hepingmen

Hepingmen (simplified Chinese: 和平门; traditional Chinese: 和平門; pinyin: Hépíngmén), literally meaning the Gate of Peace, was a gate in Beijing's former city wall. In the 1960s, the gate was torn down to make room for Beijing's second ring road. Today, Hepingmen is a transport node in Beijing as well as the location of Hepingmen Station on Line 2 of Beijing's subway system.
# Brabender

Brabender is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Gene Brabender (1941–1996), American baseball player
* Wayne Brabender (born 1945), American-Spanish basketball player and coach
* John Brabender, American political consultant
# Bow stroke

On a bowed string instrument, a bow stroke is the movement of the bow back and forth perpendicularly across the string, from the frog to the tip and from the tip to the frog, producing sound. Multiple notes in one bow stroke are indicated by the use of slurs.

## Down bow

A down-bow is a type of stroke used when bowing a musical instrument, most often a string instrument. The player performs the indicated note by drawing the bow downward or to the right across the instrument, moving its point of contact from the frog toward the tip of the bow. This technique is indicated by a notated symbol resembling a small bracket over the note.

### Instruments

How the down-bow is achieved varies depending on the shape and orientation of the instrument. On violin and viola, the player pulls the bow down, away from the left shoulder. On cello and double bass, the player pulls the bow to the right, away from the left elbow.

### Uses

String players can exert stronger pressure when bowing near the frog than when bowing near the tip, due to the bowing hand's proximity to the bow's contact point with the string. Down-bows, which begin near the frog, are therefore often used to play the downbeat (strong beat) within musical phrases. Notes that begin loudly and diminuendo are ideally down-bowed — from frog to tip — allowing pressure on the string to decrease naturally.

## Up bow

An up-bow is a type of stroke used when bowing a musical instrument, most often a string instrument. The player draws the bow upward or to the left across the instrument, moving the point of contact from the bow's tip toward the frog (the end of the bow held by the player).

### Instruments

How the up-bow is achieved varies depending on the shape and orientation of the instrument. On violin and viola, the player pushes the bow up, toward the left shoulder. On cello and double bass, the player pushes the bow to the left, toward the left elbow

### Uses

String players can exert stronger pressure on the string when bowing near the frog than when bowing near the tip, due to the bowing hand's proximity to the bow's contact point with the string. Up-bows, which begin near the tip, are therefore often used to play the upbeats (weaker beats) within a musical phrase. Notes that begin quietly and crescendo are also ideally up-bowed — from tip to frog — allowing pressure on the string to increase naturally.
# Bow tie (biology)

In the biological sciences, the term bow tie (so called for its shape) is a recent concept that tries to grasp the essence of some operational and functional structures observed in biological organisms and other kinds of complex and self-organizing systems. In general, bow tie architectures refer to ordered and recurrent structures that often underlie complex technological or biological systems, and that are capable of conferring them a balance among efficiency, robustness and evolvability. In other words, bow ties are able to take into account a great diversity of inputs (fanning in to the knot), showing a much smaller diversity in the protocols and processes (the knot) able to elaborate these inputs, and finally an extremely heterogeneous diversity of outputs (fanning out of the bowtie). These architectures thus manage a wide range of inputs through a core (knot) constituted by a limited number of elements. In such structures, inputs are conveyed into a sort of funnel, towards a "synthesis" core, where they can be duly organized, processed and managed by means of protocols , and from where, in turn, a variety of outputs, or responses, is propagated.
According to Csete and Doyle, bow ties are able to optimally organize fluxes of mass, energy, signals in an overall structure that forcedly deals with a highly fluctuating and "sloppy" environment. In a biological perspective, a bow tie manages a large fan in of stimuli (input), it accounts for a "compressed" core, and it expresses again a large fan out of possible phenotypes, metabolite products, or –more generally – reusable modules. Bow tie architectures have been observed in the structural organization at different scales of living and evolving organisms (e.g. bacterial metabolism network) as well as in technological and dynamical systems (e.g. the Internet). Bow ties seem to be able to mediate trade-offs among robustness and efficiency, at the same time assuring to the system the capability to evolve. Conversely, the same efficient architecture may be prone and vulnerable to fragilities due to specific changes, perturbations, and focused attacks directed against the core set of modules and protocols. The bow tie architecture is one of several different structures and functioning principles that living matter employs to achieve self-organization and efficient exploitation of available resources.
# Herreshoff 31

The Herreshoff 31, also called the Cat Ketch 31, is an American sailboat that was designed by Halsey Chase Herreshoff as a cruiser and first built in 1979.

## Production

The design was built by Cat Ketch Corp. in the United States from 1979 to 1986, with 100 examples completed, but it is now out of production.

## Design

The Herreshoff 31 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass and polyurethane over wood, with wood trim. It has an unstayed catboat ketch rig, which can also be supplemented with a staysail on the aft mast, with an area of 248 sq ft (23.0 m$^2$). the design has a spooned plumb stem, a near-vertical transom, a transom-hung rudder on a skeg controlled by a tiller and a fixed fin keel. It displaces 7,560 lb (3,429 kg) and carries 3,350 lb (1,520 kg) of lead ballast.
The boat has a draft of 4.00 ft (1.22 m) with the standard keel fitted.
The boat is fitted with an Italian Nanni Industries or Japanese Yanmar diesel engine for docking and maneuvering. The fuel tank holds 18 U.S. gallons (68 L; 15 imp gal) and the fresh water tank has a capacity of 60 U.S. gallons (230 L; 50 imp gal).
The space below decks is large, and lacks a forward bulkhead between the main cabin and the forward cabin. The galley is located to starboard and includes a two-burner stove. The head is to port at the foot of the companionway stairs, opposite the galley.
Sleeping accommodation consists of a forward "V"-berth in the bow and two double bunks in the main cabin, with a stowable table in-between them. The berths all have drawer stowage underneath them.
The unstayed rigging features a simple layout, with only an outhaul, halyard, downhaul and sheets for each loose-footed sail. The booms are high and on the starboard side of each sail. The boat can be sailed on one sail or both and with either reefed. The staysail can be raised on the aft mast in lighter air. The masts are designed to flex to shed excess wind loads. There are no winches for the sheets and none are required.

## Operational history

In a review of the Herreshoff 31, Richard Sherwood noted, "the popularity of cat-ketches is due to the ease with which they can be sailed. Masts are usually unstayed and running rigging is simple. Tacking does not have to involve sail handling. Many of these boats have a fairly high ballast/displacement ratio, are good (though not excellent) sailers on all points, and have a lot of room below."
# Herpothallon pustulatum

Herpothallon pustulatum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Arthoniaceae. It was formally described as new to science in 2009 by the lichenologist Göran Thor. It is found in montane forests in Costa Rica, Brazil, and Venezuela. It contains confluentic acid as its major lichen product along with trace amounts of several other substances.
# Herpothallon globosum

Herpothallon globosum is a little-known species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Arthoniaceae. Found in São Tomé and Príncipe, it was formally described as new to science in 2009 by the lichenologist Göran Thor. It contains psoromic acid and chiodectonic acid as major lichen products. The lichen is known only from two old collections made by Moller in 1885, at altitudes of 1,200 and 1,500 m (3,900 and 4,900 ft). The species epithet refers to its numerous globose (spherical) and unbranched isidia.
# Corelative

Correlative ("corelative," UK spelling) is the term adopted by Wesley Newcomb Hohfeld to describe the philosophical relationships between fundamental legal concepts in jurisprudence.

## Hohfeldian analysis

Hohfeld was concerned that there was some ambiguity in the explanation of the similarities and differences between concepts in law. Hence, with the focus on the nature of rights, he proposed a system of analysis based on "jural correlatives" and "jural opposites". A correlative is where two concepts are logically consistent and the one necessarily implies the other. When two concepts are Hohfeldian opposites (technically, logical contradictions), they are mutually exclusive.
Thus, if A has a right with regard to B, an analysis of their relationship from B's point of view must imply that B has a duty to A. An owner of land may hold four distinct entitlements: rights, privileges, powers, and immunities. Hohfeld linked each entitlement to a correlative and its opposite:
| Elements | Correlatives | Opposites |
| Right | Duty | No Right |
| Privilege or Liberty | No Right | Duty |
| Power | Liability | Disability |
| Immunity | Disability | Liability |

## In practice

Jurists such as Mickey Dias and Hohfeld have declared that rights and duties are jural corelatives, which means that if someone has a right, someone else owes a duty to him. This reasoning of Dias' was used in Murphy v Brentwood District Council (1991) to disapprove Lord Denning MR's judgment in Dutton v Bognor Regis Urban District Council (1972).
# Baker Grace

Chloe Baker, also known as Baker Grace, is an American musician and songwriter.

## Early life and education

Baker Grace grew up in Weehawken, New Jersey, where she learned as a child to sing in part because of her musician father, producer and multi-instrumentalist Michael Baker. She also learned piano, guitar and songwriting. She attended High Tech High School in North Bergen, New Jersey, where she studied musical theater.

## Career

Grace released an album in 2015 titled Bitter’s Kiss, which she recorded in 2014 in her father's recording studio. After the release of the eight-track album, producer Scott Harris picked her up, after which Grace created “Am I Talking to You?” and “Day I Die” for Republic Records.
Her debut EP Girl, I Know was released in 2019. She collaborated with producers Dan Nigro and Andy Seltzer. This EP featured the track “Wrong Kind of People,” which received praise from Clash for being emotional and “striking.” She also created the EP Yourz Truly, which takes inspiration from letter writing. She wrote all of the songs on Yourz Truly. Other individuals involved in the production of Yourz Truly include musician Cautious Clay and producers Stefan Accardo and Scott Effman. Grace stated that she wished to tie the release of Yourz Truly into her charity work. She collaborated with producer Ayokay on the single "Too Young."
# North Fork Sol Duc Shelter

The North Fork Sol Duc Shelter is located in Olympic National Park in Washington. The rustic log building provides shelter to hikers on the park's Sol Duc River trail. It was built about 1932 by the U.S. Forest Service as part of a network of about ninety trail shelters for hikers in what was then Olympic National Forest. The majority of these shelters were removed by the National Park Service in the 1970s. Measuring about 14 feet (4.3 m) by 10 feet (3.0 m), the rectangular shelter is open on the front side. It is constructed with a peeled log frame covered with vertical split-fir board siding. The gabled roofline is broken with a separate shed roof extending to the front. The interior is furnished with bunks. There is no floor.
The North Fork Sol Duc Shelter was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 13, 2007.
# C. K. Daphtary

Chander Kishan Daphtary (1 April 1893 – 18 February 1983) was an Indian lawyer and was the first Solicitor General of India from 1950 to 1963. He was the Attorney General for India from 1963 to 1968. He was the President of the Bar Association of India. He was nominated to the Rajya Sabha the Upper House of Indian Parliament from 1972 to 1978. He was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 1967.
# Burrn!

Burrn! (Japanese: バーン, Hepburn: Bān, stylized as BURRN!) is a monthly Japanese magazine for fans of heavy metal music, published since September 1984. It is the major publication on heavy metal music in the country. As of 2013, it is published by Shinko Music Entertainment in Tokyo. The magazine's content is in Japanese and largely focuses on Western artists, while the covers are predominantly in English.

## History

Despite being a Japanese magazine, a Japanese musician was not featured on the cover of Burrn! until the January 2016 issue featured Akira Takasaki on its cover. This does not include the separate Burrn! Japan magazine, which was published for six volumes between 1987 and 1990 to focus on Japanese artists, before being revived in 2016. This has been said to have been the policy of Burrn!'s editor-in-chief from 1984 to 1993, Kō Sakai.
Burrn! has held a readers poll annually since its founding in 1984. In 2019, Mari Hamada become the first Japanese musician to top the vocalist category in the poll's 36 year history.
Metallion is a special issue of Burrn! first published in 1986 before being suspended in 1991. It is now published irregularly since 1999.
In a now-infamous November 1985 review, Sakai gave Seikima-II's debut album, Seikima-II ~ Akuma ga Kitarite Heavy Metal, a rating of 0. For the next 35 years, the band did not have any contact with Burrn!. At the end of 2020, current editor-in-chief Kazuo Hirose went to a Seikima-II event and offered to interview them for the magazine. They were subsequently featured on the cover of and interviewed for the March 2021 issue.
# Burro (disambiguation)

Burro is a Spanish and Portuguese word for 'donkey', and an Italian word for 'butter'. It may refer to:
* Donkeys including:
** Feral North American donkeys in the western United States
** the Burro da Ilha Graciosa of the Azores, Portugal
** the Burro de Miranda of Portugal
** the Burro Mexicano or Mexican Burro
* Burro (card game), a card game
* Burro (film), 1989 Italian film
* Burro Island, island of Venezuela
* El Burro wetland in Bogotà
* "Burro," a song by Beck
# Crocidophora fasciata

Crocidophora fasciata is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Frederic Moore in 1888. It is found in Darjeeling, India.
# Bésame Siempre

"Bésame Siempre" is a song by Dominican singer Henry Santos. It was released in 2013 and served as the second single for his second album My Way (2013).

## Charts

Chart performance for "Bésame Siempre" :
| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
| US Tropical Airplay (Billboard) | 11 |
# C20H36

The molecular formula C$_{20}$H$_{36}$ (molar mass: 276.51 g/mol, exact mass: 276.2817 u) may refer to:
* Taxanes, a class of diterpene
* Abietane
# C. W. Van Ranst

Cornelius Willett Van Ranst (December 7, 1892 – October 11, 1972) was an American racing driver who competed in the 1921 Indianapolis 500.

## Biography

Van Ranst was born on December 7, 1892, in New York City, New York.
An engineer by trade, Van Ranst developed the overhead valve cylinder heads for the Ford-Frontenac engine fielded by Louis Chevrolet in 1921. In 1927 he and Tommy Milton built a front-wheel drive race car for the Indy 500 dubbed the Detroit Special. He also worked as an engineer for Duesenberg and Cord Automobile and was instrumental in the development of the Cord L-29, one of the first front wheel drive road cars.
In 1930 Van Ranst, once again with Milton's collaboration, designed an all-new V12 engine for Packard. The initial engine was of 6,157 cc capacity with the unusual vee angle of 67° and was intended for use in a front-wheel drive chassis. The onset of the Depression meant that it was never offered for sale and in 1931 Packard paid Milton and Van Ranst $10,000 for the rights to it. It was finally exhibited in January 1932, although as a rear-wheel drive chassis. This engine and chassis appeared slow, under-powered and lacking in torque. Packard engineer Charlie Vincent enlarged both bore and stroke to a new capacity of 7,300 cc, also relocating the spark plugs nearer the center of its unusual "inverted hemi-head" combustion chamber, amidst a host of detail changes. Production of this new "Packard Twin Six" continued successfully until the outbreak of World War Two.
Van Ranst died on October 11, 1972, in Detroit, Michigan.

## Motorsports career results
### Indianapolis 500 results

| Year | Car | Start | Qual | Rank | Finish | Laps | Led | Retired |
| 1921 | 28 | 23 | 88.350 | 14 | 16 | 87 | 0 | Water hose |
| Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | 87 | 0 | |
| Starts | 1 |
| Poles | 0 |
| Front Row | 0 |
| Wins | 0 |
| Top 5 | 0 |
| Top 10 | 0 |
| Retired | 1 |
# Cross-country skiing at the 2022 Winter Paralympics – Women's 15 kilometre classical

The Women's 15 kilometre classical competition of the 2022 Winter Paralympics was held at the National Biathlon Center in Beijing on 6 and 7 March 2022.

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Canada (CAN) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 1 | China (CHN)* | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | Ukraine (UKR) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | United States (USA) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | Germany (GER) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Totals (5 entries) | Totals (5 entries) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |

## 15 km classical visually impaired

In the cross-country skiing visually impaired, the athlete with a visual impairment has a sighted guide. The two skiers are considered a team, and dual medals are awarded.
| Rank | Bib | Name | Country | Time | Difference |
| | 95 | Oksana Shyshkova Guide: Andriy Marchenko | Ukraine | 51:09.1 | – |
| | 93 | Linn Kazmaier Guide: Florian Baumann | Germany | 52:05.6 | +56.5 |
| | 94 | Leonie Maria Walter Guide: Pirmin Strecker | Germany | 54:08.8 | +2:59.7 |
| 4 | 92 | Wang Yue Guide: Li Yalin | China | 57:05.9 | +5:56.8 |
| 5 | 91 | Nataliia Tkachenko Guide: Denys Nikulin | Ukraine | 59:45.0 | +8:35.9 |
| | 96 | Carina Edlinger Guide: Lorenz Joseph Lampl | Austria | DNF | DNF |

## 15 km classical standing

| Rank | Bib | Name | Country | Time | Difference |
| | 78 | Natalie Wilkie | Canada | 48:04.8 | – |
| | 76 | Sydney Peterson | United States | 49:00.2 | +55.4 |
| | 79 | Brittany Hudak | Canada | 49:27.8 | +1:23.0 |
| 4 | 74 | Zhao Zhiqing | China | 49:59.8 | +1:55.0 |
| 5 | 75 | Emily Young | Canada | 52:06.7 | +4:01.9 |
| 6 | 77 | Yuliia Batenkova-Bauman | Ukraine | 54:39.8 | +6:35.0 |
| 7 | 72 | Huang Bangjuan | China | 55:34.3 | +7:29.5 |
| 8 | 73 | Yurika Abe | Japan | 56:45.7 | +8:40.9 |
| 9 | 71 | Grace Miller | United States | 1:02:22.4 | +14:17.6 |
| | 81 | Vilde Nilsen | Norway | DNF | DNF |
| | 80 | Liudmyla Liashenko | Ukraine | DNF | DNF |

## 15 km sitting

| Rank | Bib | Name | Country | Time | Difference |
| | 31 | Yang Hongqiong | China | 43:06.7 | – |
| | 39 | Oksana Masters | United States | 43:38.8 | +32.1 |
| | 33 | Li Panpan | China | 45:17.0 | +2:10.3 |
| 4 | 38 | Kendall Gretsch | United States | 46:26.2 | +3:19.5 |
| 5 | 34 | Ma Jing | China | 46:43.9 | +3:37.2 |
| 6 | 36 | Birgit Skarstein | Norway | 49:23.9 | +6:17.2 |
| 7 | 37 | Aline dos Santos Rocha | Brazil | 50:45.7 | +7:39.0 |
| 8 | 35 | Indira Liseth | Norway | 54:09.2 | +11:02.5 |
| 9 | 32 | Lyne-Marie Bilodeau | Canada | 59:38.1 | +16:31.4 |
# CKIQ-FM

CKIQ-FM is a Classic Rock formatted broadcast radio station. The station is licensed to Iqaluit, Nunavut and serves Iqaluit and Apex in the Nunavut in Canada. CKIQ-FM is owned and operated by Northern Lights Entertainment, Inc.

## History

On December 13, 2002, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) approved an application by Nunavut Natautinga Ltd. to operate a predominantly English-language FM radio programming undertaking at Iqaluit, Nunavut on the frequency 99.9 MHz (channel 260A) with an effective radiated power of 537 watts.
On March 2, 2009, the CRTC approved an application by Northern Lights Entertainment Inc. to acquire the assets of CKIQ-FM Iqaluit from Nunavut Nalautinga Ltd. Also in 2009, Northern Lights Entertainment Inc. received CRTC approval to decrease CKIQ-FM's maximum effective radiated power from 1,000 to 415 watts and average ERP would decrease from 537 to 415 watts. Antenna height would change from 41 metres to minus 39.8 metres. The antenna pattern would change from directional to non- directional.

## Rebroadcasters

The station also has a rebroadcaster, CKIQ-FM-2 at 99.9 FM, in Rankin Inlet.
# Discoverer II

Discoverer II (initially known as STARLITE) was a joint DARPA, Air Force, and National Reconnaissance Office project to build and launch a low Earth orbit (LEO) constellation for space-based radar. The project began in 1998 but was canceled by Congress in 2000.
The Discoverer II concept dates back to June 1996, when the Director of Central Intelligence's Small Satellite Review Panel concluded that: "...now is an appropriate time to make a qualitative change in the systems architecture of the nation's reconnaissance assets... We see the opportunity to move towards an operational capability for the country, at least for imagery systems, that consists of an array of smaller, cheaper spacecraft in larger numbers which is at least as useful as those currently planned and to transport them to space with substantially smaller and less costly launch vehicles."
The Defense Science Board (DSB) was then asked to establish a Task Force on Satellite Reconnaissance (the so-called "Hermann Panel") to review all major aspects of such small satellite systems for defence. In its January 1998 report, the Task Force recommended that a modified STARLITE program be initiated, as a "Military Space Radar Surveillance Program," in an effort to achieve broad-area, all-weather, near-continuous radar access that could be integrated with military operations. In February 1998 DARPA, the Air Force and the NRO established a joint program to undertake a "Space-based Radar Risk Reduction and Demonstration Program".
The Discoverer II constellation was envisioned to be 24 satellites, each configured with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Ground Moving Target Indication (GMTI) radar systems. Each satellite was envisioned to cost approximately $100 million. The constellation would allow for a very rapid revisit rate (about 15 minutes) to most areas of the earth for near-continuous surveillance of terrestrial and maritime vehicles, and could produce Interferometric SAR images for high-resolution terrain mapping. When needed, constellation tasking could be directed by a deployed Joint Task Force tactical commander.
On February 22, 1999, three contractor teams were selected, led by Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Spectrum Astro, and TRW Defense Systems Division. After a study phase, the project planned to launch two experimental satellites for demonstration and risk reduction. The project apparently suffered difficulties, and was canceled by Congress in 2000.