OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Beigbeder

Charles Beigbeder is a French businessman.

## Biography

His brother is Frédéric Beigbeder. He graduated from the École Centrale Paris in 1988.
In 1989, he started his career at Matra Marconi Space. From 1990 to 1991, he worked as a merchant banker for Banque Paribas. From 1991 to 1994, he worked for Credit Suisse First Boston in Paris. From 1994 to 1996, he worked as a trader for MC-BBL Securities in London. He then was an investor for Angel-Invest.
In 2001, he founded Self Trade, a financial services company similar to E-Trade. In 2002, he founded Poweo, a utility company, and sold it to Verbund in 2009. In 2006, he founded Audacia, a financial firm. In 2009, he founded AgroGeneration, and bought farming land in Ukraine to invest in biofuel.
In 2017, he became Chairman and CEO of Audacia which he pivoted to a multistage Private Equity firm. With Christophe Jurczak and Olivier Tonneau, he co-founded Quantonation in 2018, a venture capital fund dedicated to quantum technologies, which has notably invested in quantum computing firm Pasqal.
He is also founder of Bourrienne, a fashion company and Le Philtre, a spirit company.
He has been President of Croissance Plus, and Co-Chairman of DAB Bank. He serves on the Advisory Board of 360° Capital Partners, and on the Executive Committee of the Medef since July 2005. He was appointed by Chantal Jouanno, the French Minister of Sports, to serve as the Annecy Chairman for the Bids for the 2018 Winter Olympics. He is a Union pour un Mouvement Populaire appointee for Reforms.
# Charles-Albert Demoustier

Charles-Albert Demoustier (13 March 1760 – 2 March 1801) was a French writer. He falsely claimed to be a descendant of La Fontaine by his mother and Racine by his father.
Demoustier was born in Villers-Cotterêts. He worked as a lawyer, but later decided to become a writer. In 1786, he published the first part of Lettres à Emilie sur la mythologie. The sixth part was published in 1798.
These works, alternating prose and madrigal-like verses, were very successful.
Demoustier tried to edit Lettres à Emilie sur la mythologie, but the bookseller who owned the copyrights refused to let him do so, perhaps because he had a stock of earlier copies he wanted to get rid of first. Demoustier was unable to wait, as he died a painful, premature death, in Paris, soon after.
He also wrote comedies, among them:
* Conciliateur ou l'Homme aimable, in 5 acts and in verse, 1791
* Femmes, in 3 acts and in verse
* Alceste ou le misanthrope corrigé, in 3 acts and in verse
Demoustier also wrote libretti to some operas (e.g. Épicure, 1800), a Cours de morale, Opuscules and short Poèmes, 1804.
# Charles, duc d'Orléans (disambiguation)

Charles, duc d'Orléans may refer to:
* Charles I de Valois, Duke of Orléans (1394–1465)
* Charles II de Valois, Duke of Orléans (1522–1545), son of king Francis I of France
* Charles Maximilien de Valois, Duc d'Orléans, later Charles IX of France (1550–1574)
# Charles Albert Berczy

Charles Albert Berczy (August 22, 1794 – June 8, 1858) was the son of pioneer William Berczy, later as businessman and civic official in Toronto.

## Early years

Charles Albert was born in Newark, Upper Canada in 1794 to William and his wife Jeanne-Charlotte Allamand. Charles moved with his family to Montreal after a brief stay in York, Upper Canada in 1794.
In Montreal, Charles worked at the British Commissary General as a clerk and later as acting Deputy Assistant Commissary General (1814–1816).
In 1818, he moved back to Upper Canada and began a business selling tobacco with his brother William Bent Berczy in Amherstburg.

## Later years

His public life began with his appointment as Justice of the Peace for the Essex area in 1826. He moved to Toronto following his appointment as Post Office Surveyor and Inspector of Toronto (1835–1838), and later as the city's Post Master (1838–1853). Both appointments were the result of his close ties with Sir Francis Bond Head, the Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada.
In Toronto, Charles further joined the ranks of the city's business elites. During his time in Toronto, he held such positions as:
* Director of the Bank of Upper Canada (1840–1843)
* President of the Toronto Building Society (est. 1846)
* Co-Founder and Shareholder of Toronto, Simcoe & Lake Huron Union Railroad (later as Northern Railway of Canada)
* Director and President of the Consumer' Gas Light and Water Company (1848–1856)

## Personal life

During his stay in Amherstburg, Berczy courted Ann Eliza Finch and married her on June 21, 1828. They had one son and seven daughters.
Towards the end however, Charles Albert Berczy's life began to unravel and as a result, he decided to end his own life in 1858 in Toronto (and based on records buried at St. James Cemetery Berczy was survived by his daughter Charlotte De Moll Berczy (1830-1909), who married James Knight Goold and died in Brantford, Ontario.
# Charles Albert Ashburner

Charles Albert Ashburner (February 9, 1854 – December 24, 1889) was an American geologist.

## Formative years

Charles Albert Ashburner was born on February 9, 1854, in Philadelphia. He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1874. During the summer of 1872 he was engaged on the survey of the Delaware River.

## Career

Following his graduation from the University of Pennsylvania, Ashburner accepted a position with the lighthouse survey service. In 1874, the geological survey of Pennsylvania was reorganized with the appointment of Professor J. P. Lesley as state geologist; Ashburner subsequently resigned from the service to become an assistant on the survey.
Ashburner was employed during the latter part of 1874 in the surveys of Mifflin and Juniata counties. In 1875, he was appointed assistant geologist, and placed in charge of the surveys in McKean, Elk, Forest, and Cameron counties.
In 1880, he was appointed geologist in charge of the survey of the anthracite coal fields, where he originated a method for surveying and representing the geology of a large coalbed. In 1885, he was appointed as the geologist in charge of all of the office and field work of the survey.
Ashburner was a member of the American Philosophical Society, the American Institute of Mining Engineers, and other scientific societies. He also contributed to scientific and technical journals, and prepared more than twenty of the reports of the geological survey. In 1889, he was awarded a Doctor of Science degree.

## Death

Ashburner died on December 24, 1889, in Pittsburgh.
# Charles Boyce

Charles Boyce (born 1949 in Olive Branch, Mississippi), is an American cartoonist known for his syndicated comic panel Compu-toon. Boyce is also known for creating the KeyPad Kid, a cartoon character used in public affairs awareness programs for training within the telecommunication industry.

## Biography

Boyce attended the Memphis Academy of Arts in the 1960s, and in 1969 enlisted in the United States Navy.
The Compu-toon strip ran in approximately 150 newspapers from 1994 until 1997. Boyce is still producing Compu-toon by way of syndication. Andrews McMeel Syndication distributes it. Boyce resides in the northwest suburbs of Chicago.

## Career
### The cARToon Exhibit

Boyce was a part of the cARToon exhibit at the Barrington Area Library in January 2007. The show featured a collection of artwork titled the Blues Arrangement Exhibit. According to Boyce, the artwork showed scenes about the blues in Memphis from the early turn of the century to now by "way of events which he had seen or heard of", and contained portraits of blues musicians in various paintings such as Lead Belly, Harmonica Player, Ducks 1, and Ducks 2.

### Diversity and lack thereof in syndicated cartoons

Although there was and still is a lack of diversity within cartoons, there was an increase in cartoonists of color between the years of 1988-1998. In 1988, there was only one cartoonist of color at a large syndicate; Wee Pals creator Morrie Turner. There are several potential causes to this seemingly sudden increase, such as the Free Press and The Detroit News hosting a contest for minority cartoonists as well as there being more focused press space on the issue of diversity. However, despite the increased attention and focus on improving diversity, many minority comic artists have still been rejected from major newspapers based on the fact that the newspaper "already has a minority comic", including comic artists Barbara Brandon and Rey Billingsley. On this topic, Boyce comments that “people are people” and that race has little effect on the enjoyment of a comic; that minority created comics have wide appeal. This is proved by the fact that many cartoonists of color receive fan mail from white readers, as well as the fact that nearly every minority-created comic has continued through 1988-1998, which was an especially impressive rate for the decade.

### Protesting through artwork

In February 2008, Boyce was involved in a protest which called for a greater representation of black cartoon artists in newspaper comics. The protest sought to bring attention to the problem of "tokenism" in newspapers, and brings to light the issues that many black comic artists face when trying to publish their works. In addition to Boyce, the artists who participated in the protest were Jerry Craft, Charlos Gary, Steve Watkins, Keith Knight, Bill Murray, and Tim Jackson. For one day, these cartoonists all drew a very similar comic strip, which showed a scene with a white reader looking at a minority-drawn strip and complaining that it is a rip-off of the Boondocks.
# Chapleau Airport

Chapleau Airport (IATA: YLD, ICAO: CYLD) is located 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km; 2.9 mi) southeast of Chapleau, Ontario, Canada.
# Chapleau 74A

Chapleau 74A is a First Nations reserve located near Chapleau, Ontario. It is one of several reserves of the Chapleau Ojibway First Nation.
# Chapleau Centennial Museum

The Chapleau Centennial Museum is a local history museum in Chapleau, Ontario, Canada. It commemorates the town's local and railway history. The monuments on display represent important aspects of the town's history and identity, such as railway workers and the Canadian Pacific Railway; First Nations, Franco-Ontarian and Anglo-Canadian peoples; and the timber industry.
Opened on the Canadian Centennial (July 1, 1967), its most visible artifact is the 275 ton locomotive steam engine on display parallel to Elm Street.
The Museum was built almost entirely with donated materials. Local newspaper reports showed lumber donations by local mills, rocks gathered from local rock cuts, and cash donations from many individuals.
# Charles Byrd

Charles or Charlie Byrd or Bird may refer to:
* Charlie Byrd (1925–1999), American jazz guitarist
* Charlie Bird (born 1949), Irish journalist
* Charlie "Bird" Parker (1920–55), American jazz saxophonist
* Charles Willing Byrd (1770–1828), early Ohio political leader and jurist
* Charles Smith Bird (1795–1862), English academic, cleric and tutor
* Charles Byrd (fighter) (born 1983), American mixed martial artist
* Charles Pinckney Byrd, printer in Atlanta, Georgia
# Charles Francis Stein Sr.

The Hon. Charles Francis Stein Sr. (1866–1939) was a judge in the Baltimore, Maryland City courts. He was admitted to the bar in 1889, and formed the firm of Hennighausen & Stein in 1901 along with Kenneth Weinberger. He was appointed to the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City by Governor Albert C. Ritchie and served as an Associate Judge from 1921-1936.
# Charles Francis Sheridan

Charles Francis Sheridan (June 1750 – 24 June 1806) was an Anglo-Irish lawyer, politician and writer.

## Biography

Sheridan was born at 12 Dorset Street, Dublin, the elder son of the actor Thomas Sheridan and Frances Sheridan (née Chamberlaine). His younger brother was Richard Brinsley Sheridan and his sisters were Alicia Sheridan Le Fanu and Betsy Sheridan. He was educated at home by his father until 1754, when the family moved to London after a riot in his father's theatre in Dublin. In 1757, Sheridan and his family returned to Ireland briefly, before then moving to England permanently. From an early age, Sheridan was trained in public speaking by his father.
In May 1777, he was appointed secretary to the British envoy in Sweden. He arrived in the country during the coup d'état which brought Gustavus III to power. He spent three years there and afterwards wrote A history of the late revolution in Sweden (1778), which was well received and later translated into French. In May 1775 he returned to England and entered Lincoln's Inn; he was called to the bar in 1780. His first legal role was as counsel for the barrack board.
In 1776 Sheridan was elected to the Irish House of Commons as a Member of Parliament for Belturbet, largely owing to the patronage of his younger brother Richard. In 1779 he published a pamphlet entitled Observations, which related to the right for Ireland to create its own laws. In 1782, Richard secured his brother a position in the Dublin Castle administration as Under-Secretary for Ireland for the military department in support of the Second Rockingham ministry. In 1783 he was elected to represent Rathcormack. Sheridan became associated with the Whig faction, but refused to resign his office when the Whigs lost power, and was accused by his brother of a lack of principle. He was removed from office on 8 August 1789 following the regency crisis, at which point he was granted an annual pension of £1000 by George III. He left the Irish Commons in 1790.
Disillusioned, he retired from politics and dedicated his final years to futile chemical and mechanical experiments. He often visited London to circulate papers proclaiming new scientific discoveries, but he was not taken seriously in the city's academic circles. In 1793 Sheridan published two pamphlets; the first an essay defending Ireland's rights as an independent kingdom and the second a statement of support for catholic relief and Edmund Burke. Sheridan's health failed rapidly and he died on 24 June 1806 at Tunbridge Wells.
In 1783, Sheridan married Letitia Christiana Bolton; they had several children together.
# Charles Francis Smithers

Charles Francis Smithers (November 25, 1822 – May 20, 1887) was a Canadian banker.
Born in London, England, Smithers emigrated to Montreal, Canada East in 1847. He joined the Bank of Montreal in 1858 as an inspector. In 1862, he became a joint agent of the New York branch. He joined the London and Colonial Bank in 1863 before rejoining the Bank in 1869. In 1879, he became a general manager of the Bank and was appointed President in 1881. He served in this position until his death in 1887.
# Dalcross

Dalcross, in the original Gaelic, Dealgan Cros, later shortened to Dealgros, is a location in the Highland region of Scotland. It is on the Moray Firth about 10km (6 miles) east-north-east of Inverness and contains Inverness Airport, Dalcross industrial estate, Dalcross Castle and Dalcross Forest.

## Inverness Airport railway station

On 16 October 2015, the principal contractor for the forthcoming modernisation of the Inverness-Aberdeen line was announced. Included in the project is infrastructure that will allow a new station to be built at Dalcross. The original station closed in 1965. This work is due for completion by 2019 and involves double tracking between Aberdeen and Inverurie and similar work to Dalcross at Kintore. Dalcross railway station, which closed in 1965, was due to be re-opened between 2014 and 2019. However, it was renamed to Inverness Airport station, and was opened in February 2023.
# Bishop Road Primary School

Bishop Road Primary School is a primary school in Bristol, England. It is on Bishop Road in the Bishopston area of Bristol. The school opened in 1896. It is the largest primary school in Bristol, notable for having educated Cary Grant and Paul Dirac. The headteacher is Gillian Powe.
# Nebria bargusinica

Nebria bargusinica is a species of ground beetle in the Nebriinae subfamily that is endemic to Buryatia, Russia.
# Ludwik Gorzkowski

Ludwik Je̜drzej Gorzkowski (1811–1857) was a Polish politician, physicist and revolutionary activist, one of the organizers of the Kraków uprising, during which he was a member of the newly formed Polish National Government alongside Jan Tyssowski and Aleksander Grzegorzewski [pl].

## Life

Gorzkowski was born on (1811-11-21)21 November 1811 in Kraków. He studied mathematics and physics at the University of Kraków and received his doctorate in 1835.
A physicist by profession, he cooperated with the Poznań Centralization [pl] of the Polish Democratic Society, and maintained contacts with Edward Dembowski . He co-authored the plan of the Kraków uprising in 1846 and the project of the composition of the provisional Polish National Government, in which he was to represent the Free City of Cracow. After the arrests of the conspirators in Greater Poland, he did not give up plans for the uprising and joined the National Government together with Jan Tyssowski, Aleksander Grzegorzewski and Karol Rogawski [cs; pl].
# Fibrous tunic of eyeball

The sclera and cornea form the fibrous tunic of the bulb of the eye; the sclera is opaque, and constitutes the posterior five-sixths of the tunic; the cornea is transparent, and forms the anterior sixth.
The term "corneosclera" is also used to describe the sclera and cornea together.
# Nung Rawang

The Rawang people are an ethnic group who inhabit far northern Kachin State of Burma (Myanmar) and speak the Rawang language. Myanmar is home to an estimated 65,000 Rawang, most of whom live in the Putao Valley.
According to cultural research and their own oral traditions, the Nung-Rawang are most likely descendants of Mongolians who moved south to China's Three Parallel Rivers region. During the second millennium, the Nung-Rawang migrated southwest into northern Burma, seeking fertile farmland and settling in some of the country's most remote valleys. They are related to the Derung people who live across the border in China.
During the British colonial period, their very existence was thought to be a myth, as incoherent reports of "pygmy tribes" in the mountains of northern Burma surfaced from time to time. The Drung, a sub tribe of the Nung-Rawang, are short in stature and known for their crossbow hunting skills.
# Bulbophyllum longipetiolatum

Bulbophyllum longipetiolatum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum found in Mindanao, Philippines.
# Dichagyris proclivis

Dichagyris proclivis is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae.
The MONA or Hodges number for Dichagyris proclivis is 10871.
# Barred pipefish

The barred pipefish (Syngnathus auliscus) is a species of the pipefishes, widespread in the eastern pacific from the Southern California, United States, to northern Peru. Marine / brackishwater subtropical demersal fish, up to 18.0 cm length.
# Charles Daniels

Charles Daniels may refer to:
* Charles Daniels (activist) (fl. c. 1914), railway porter
* Charles Daniels (New York politician) (1825–1897), U.S. Representative from New York
* Charles Daniels (swimmer) (1885–1973), American Olympic competitor
* Charles Daniels (tenor) (born 1960), English classical singer
* Charles F. Daniels (1849–1932), American baseball umpire
* Charles N. Daniels (architect) (1828–1892), American architect active in Minnesota
* Charles N. Daniels (music) (1878–1943), composer, occasional lyricist, and music publishing executive
* Charles W. Daniels (1943–2019), Justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court
* Charles Wilberforce Daniels (1862–1927), British physician and pioneer of tropical medicine
# Chhabila Netam

Chhabila Arvind Netam (born 22 May 1948) is an Indian National Congress politician and member of the 11th Lok Sabha from the Kanker reserved constituency.

## Early life

Chhabila was born on 22 May 1948 in Bhaismundi village of Bastar district and did her matriculation from a local government school.

## Career

During the 1996 Indian general election, the Indian National Congress (INC) party denied a ticket to Arvind Netam because his name surfaced in the Hawala scandal and instead made his wife Chhabila its official candidate. She polled 219,191 votes and defeated Sohan Potai of Bharatiya Janata Party (194,771 votes) to become the Member of Parliament from Kanker seat reserved for scheduled tribes. However the house was dissolved well within one and a half years and Netam did not contest the election held in 1998. She stood in the 1999 Indian general election but lost to Potai by a difference of 88,191 votes.

## Personal life

Chhabila married Netam in May 1969 and together they have four children; two sons and two daughters. One of their daughters, Preeti Netam contested the 2008 Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly election.
# Maria Selvaggia Borghini

Maria Selvaggia Borghini (1656–1731) was an Italian poet and translator.

## Works

* Rime della Signora Lucrezia Marinella, Veronica Gambara and Isabella della Morra, con giunta di quelle fin’ora [sic] raccolte della Signora Maria Selvaggia Borghini, Napoli: Bulifon 1693
* Rime di cinquanta illustri poetesse di nuovo date in luce da Antonio Bulifon, Napoli: Bulifon 1695
* Componimenti poetici delle più illustri rimatrici raccolti da Luisa Bergalli, Venezia, Mora 1726
* Raccolta del Recanati, Venezia 1716
* Raccolta del Redi
* Opere di Tertulliano tradotte in Toscano dalla Signora Selvaggia Borghini, Nobile Pisana, Roma, Pagliarini 1756
* Saggio di Poesia, a cura di Domenico Moreni, Firenze, Margheri 1827
* Lettera e sonetto di Maria Selvaggia Borghini finora inediti, a cura di Emilio Bianchi, Pisa, Nistri 1872
* Per le nozze del sig. cav. conte Alfredo Agostini Venerosi Della Seta patrizio pisano colla nobile donzella Teresa contessa Marcello patrizia veneta, Pisa, 1882
* Il Canzoniere di Maria Selvaggia Borghini, a cura di Agostino Agostini, Alessandro Panajia, Pisa, ETS 2001
# Naujaberžė

Naujaberžė is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 0 people. The village was depopulated during Soviet land improvement program (1979 census was the last, when population in Naujaberžė was detected).

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1902 | 49 | — |
| 1923 | 53 | +0.37% |
| 1959 | 32 | −1.39% |
| 1970 | 23 | −2.96% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1979 | 3 | −20.25% |
| 1989 | 0 | −100.00% |
| 2001 | 0 | 0.00% |
| 2011 | 0 | 0.00% |
Source: 1902, 1923, 1959 & 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2011 :
# Dalian Polytechnic University

Dalian Polytechnic University (Chinese: 大连工业大学; lit. 'Dalian Industrial University') is a public university in Dalian, Liaoning, China.

## History

The school was founded in 1958 in Shenyang as the Shenyang Institute of Light Industry (Chinese: 沈阳轻工业学院). In 1970, the institute moved to Dalian and renamed to the Dalian Institute of Light Industry (Chinese: 大连轻工业学院). In 2006, previously holding the college status, the institute received its university status and renamed to Dalian Polytechnic University.
It is the only institution of higher education in northeastern China specializing in light industry, food, textiles, and art design. There are about 15,000 students on the 85-acre (340,000 m$^2$) campus. Subjects taught include engineering, science, arts, management, and economics.