OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mull Lava Group

The Mull Lava Group is a Palaeogene lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) in the west Highlands of Scotland. The name is derived from the Isle of Mull where they are most extensively seen, forming the bedrock across much of the island. They extend into the mainland peninsulas of Ardnamurchan and Morvern and also out to sea.

## Lithology and stratigraphy

The Group consists of around 1800 m thickness of lavas erupted from the Mull Central Volcanic Complex and display a range of chemistries. The Group includes (in descending order, i.e. oldest last):
* Mull Central Lava Formation
* Mull Plateau Lava Formation
** Ben More Pale Member
** Ben More Main Member
* Staffa Lava Formation
** Ardtun Conglomerate Member
** Gribun Mudstone Member (known as the Beinn Iadain Mudstone Formation in Morvern)
These three formations were formerly known as the Staffa, Main and Pale ‘suites’ of the Plateau Group
# Cronquistianthus leucophyllus

Cronquistianthus leucophyllus is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae.
It is native to Ecuador and Peru.
# Croatia–Cyprus relations

Croatia and Cyprus established diplomatic relations on February 4, 1993. The Croatian embassy in Rome (Italy) is also accredited as a non resident embassy to Cyprus. The Cypriot embassy in Vienna (Austria) is also accredited as a non resident embassy to Croatia. Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the European Union.
On 11 March 2021, The Minister of Foreign affairs of Croatia came to visit the Minister of Foreign affairs of Cyprus to strengthen their relationship and focus on a number of economic issues.

## History

Cyprus gave full support to Croatia's European Union membership process.
# Croatia–Denmark relations

Croatia–Denmark relations refers to the current and historical relations between Croatia and Denmark. Relations between the two countries are described as "excellent", "friendly" and "well-developed".
Croatia has an embassy in Copenhagen, while Denmark has an embassy in Zagreb.
Denmark actively supported Croatian accession to the European Union and NATO, with its officials stating that Croatia was the 28th EU member way before that became official in 2013. Today, both countries are full members of the European Union, NATO, OSCE, the Council of Europe and the World Trade Organization.
Following Croatian independence from SFR Yugoslavia, Denmark recognized Croatia on 15 January 1992, while the diplomatic relations were established on 2 January 1992. Since then two countries have signed 26 treaties.
In 2005, Denmark launched a program in Croatia with aim to contribute to the development of the public administration. Focus was on establishing capacity building. Denmark assisted with 13,5 million DKK.
In 2012, Croatia exported $39,6 million worth goods to Denmark and imported from it $110 million worth goods.
On October 21, 2014, Queen Margrethe II awarded Croatian president Ivo Josipović with Order of the Elephant, the highest order of Denmark.

## Resident diplomatic missions

* Croatia has an embassy in Copenhagen.
* Denmark has an embassy in Zagreb.
* Embassy of Croatia in Copenhagen
* Embassy of Denmark in Zagreb
# Mulawarman Museum

The Mulawarman Museum is a museum in Tenggarong, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is located near the Mahakam River, in a former palace, constructed by the Dutch during the 1930s that was once the power base where 19 sultans reigned. The museum contains historical statues and antiquities, period furnishings, a richly adorned bedroom with hand-woven 'doyo' fabric, and items from the Ming, Qing and Yuan dynasties. The museum contains the Balinese puppet theatre, which was donated by the Sultan of Yogyakarta.
# Cryptocharidius

Cryptocharidius is a genus of ground beetles in the family Carabidae. This genus has a single species, Cryptocharidius mandibularis.
# Critical code studies

Critical code studies (CCS) is an emerging academic subfield, related to software studies, digital humanities, cultural studies, computer science, human–computer interface, and the do-it-yourself maker culture. Its primary focus is on the cultural significance of computer code, without excluding or focusing solely upon the code's functional purpose. According to Mark C. Marino, it
   is an approach that applies critical hermeneutics to the interpretation of computer code, program architecture, and documentation within a socio-historical context. CCS holds that lines of code are not value-neutral and can be analyzed using the theoretical approaches applied to other semiotic systems in addition to particular interpretive methods developed particularly for the discussions of programs.
As introduced by Marino, critical code studies was initially a method by which scholars "can read and explicate code the way we might explicate a work of literature", but the concept also draws upon Espen Aarseth's conception of a cybertext as a "mechanical device for the production and consumption of verbal signs", arguing that in order to understand a digital artifact we must also understand the constraints and capabilities of the authoring tools used by the creator of the artifact, as well as the memory storage and interface required for the user to experience the digital artifact.
Evidence that critical code studies has gained momentum since 2006 include an article by Matthew Kirschenbaum in The Chronicle of Higher Education, CCS sessions at the Modern Language Association in 2011 that were "packed" with attendees, several academic conferences devoted wholly to critical code studies, and a book devoted to the explication of a single line of computer code, titled 10 PRINT CHR$(205.5+RND(1)); : GOTO 10.
# Charles William White

Charles William White (9 September 1838 – 15 October 1890) was an Irish Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
He was elected as one of the two MPs for County Tipperary at a by-election in 1866 following the death of the sitting MP John Blake Dillon, who had been one of the founding members of the Young Ireland movement. He was re-elected at the 1868 and 1874 general elections, but resigned from Parliament on 6 February 1875. He gave no explanation for his resignation, although it was speculated at the time that his support for the Home Rule campaign was 'very reluctant' and his 'heart was not in the cause', and that at the same time he had been advised that his advocacy of Home Rule was inconsistent with his position as an officer in the British Army.
He was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Clare in 1872 and held office until 1879.
# Crocus robertianus

Crocus robertianus is a species of flowering plant in the genus Crocus of the family Iridaceae. It is a cormous perennial native to northwestern and central Greece.
# Bismuth(III) acetate

Bismuth(III) acetate is the coordination complex with the formula Bi(O$_2$CCH$_3$)$_3$. It is a molecular compound featuring Bi bound to six oxygen ligands in a distorted polyhedral sphere. According to X-ray crystallography, the acetate ligands are bound very unsymmetrically such that three Bi-O bonds are approximately 2.3 Å in length, and three others are near 2.6 Å. The stereochemically active lone pair of electrons occupies significant portion of the coordination sphere. The compound has been further characterized by solid-state NMR spectroscopy.
Bismuth(III) acetate will hydrolyze to form basic bismuth acetate precipitates. This reaction is useful to separate lead and bismuth.
    Bi(CH$_3$COO)$_3$ + H$_2$O → BiOCH$_3$COO + 2 CH$_3$COOH
# Elaine Davis

Elaine Lamour Davis (born 21 September 1976) is a Jamaican international netball player. Fresh out of high school, she got her baptism in international sports when she was selected as a member of the national senior team, the Sunshine Girls, for the ninth World Netball Championships held in Birmingham, England in 1995. Davis officially debuted for the Jamaica national team during the 1995 Netball World Championships against Barbados, and has played goal shooter for most of her career.
Playing for Jamaica at the Birmingham Tournament marked the beginning of a glorious, unbroken 12-year run of local, regional and international representation of her country on the netball court. In 1998, she played at the Commonwealth Games held in Malaysia; and friendlies against New Zealand and South Africa in 1999 were followed by a tri-test series against England. She was selected as a member of the team for the World Netball Championships in Christchurch, New Zealand, in 1999. Here, she emerged as the third highest goal scorer of the entire tournament. Saving the best for the historic World Netball Championships held at the newly built National Indoor Sports Centre in 2003, Elaine was pivotal in positioning Jamaica at third place behind the formidable Australia and New Zealand teams. She subsequently led the national team to the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, Australia; and guided the Sunshine Girls to success over Caribbean neighbor, Trinidad and Tobago in a test series that same year. Not even the intense pain of five knee surgeries between 1996 and December 2006 deterred her from becoming one of Jamaica's best netball players in history and arguably their best Goal Shooter of all-time.
Throughout her career she competed in four Netball World Championships and three Commonwealth Games. Davis also played for the Auckland Diamonds in New Zealand's National Bank Cup in 2000. After the 2007 Netball World Championships, Davis announced that she will be taking a break from all forms of netball. In 2014, she was the starting Goal Shooter of the Kingston Hummingbirds, and led them to the national title, becoming the first winners of the inaugural Elite Netball League.

## Awards

The 2001 recipient of the Carreras Sports Foundation Special Award, she was also named Jamaica's Sportswoman of the Year for 2002–2003. In October 2007, she received the Courtney Walsh award for Excellence from Prime Minister Bruce Golding.
# Bassecoia

Bassecoia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Caprifoliaceae. It is also in the subfamily of Dipsacoideae.
Its native range is Nepal to Southern Central China and Northern Indo-China.
Known species:
* Bassecoia bretschneideri (Batalin) B.L.Burtt
* Bassecoia hookeri (C.B.Clarke) V.Mayer & Ehrend.
* Bassecoia siamensis (Craib) B.L.Burtt
# Alex J. Mandl

Alex J. Mandl (December 14, 1943 - March 25, 2022) was a notable Austrian-American businessman. He was the Executive Chairman of smart card giant Gemalto. He had been named "One of America's Most Powerful Businessmen" by Forbes magazine.

## Early life

Born in Austria, Mandl moved to the United States with his father Otto in the 1950s after his parents divorced. Alex attended Happy Valley School (now known as Besant Hill School of Happy Valley), where his father was the headmaster in the town of Ojai, California. After high school he attended Willamette University in Salem, Oregon, where his father took a teaching position. Alex Mandl received a degree in economics at the small liberal arts school. He then enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley where he earned a Masters in Business Administration in the late 1960s.

## Career

Mandl began working for Boise Cascade Corporation after college, remaining there for 11 years. He followed that by working at CSX Corporation and SeaLand. in the 1980s. Mandl began working at AT&T in August 1991 as chief financial officer. In that position, Joseph Nacchio was one of his top subordinates. Mandl was a key player in AT&T's purchase of a stake in McCaw Cellular in 1992. He left AT&T in 1996 to become CEO of Teligent, Inc.

## Positions held

* 1969 – Boise Cascade Corporation, mergers and acquisition analyst
* 1969 - 1980 – "various financial positions", according to his bio at Gemalto.
* 1980 – Seaboard Coast Line Industries, SVP and CFO.
* 1987 - 1991 – Chairman and CEO of SeaLand.
* 1991 - 1996 – CFO, then President & COO, AT&T.
* 1996 - 2001 – Chairman and CEO, Teligent.
* 1999 - 2002 – Board of Directors at In-Q-Tel (resigned to take position at Gemplus.)
* April 2001 - August 2002 – ASM Investments, principal.
* September 2002 - June 2006 – Gemplus International, CEO.
* June 2, 2006 – present – Gemalto, Executive Chairman.

## Other affiliations

* Board member of Dell, Haas School of Business, Willamette University, UC Berkeley, and the American Enterprise Institute. He has also previously served on the boards of AT+T, Pfizer and Warner-Lambert.
* Mandl has also been affiliated with General Semiconductor, Associated Communications, Omnisky, others.
# Cicadellinae

Cicadellinae is a leafhopper subfamily in the family Cicadellidae.

## Selected genera

* Bothrogonia
* Cicadella
* Cofana
* Graphocephala
* Homalodisca
* Zyzzogeton
# Nihal Seneviratne

Nihal Seneviratne is a Sri Lankan civil servant. He was the former Secretary General of Parliament (1981–1994) and parliamentary affairs adviser to the Prime Minister
Educated at the Royal College, Colombo and graduated with an LL.B. degree in law from the University of Ceylon, Peradeniya. His brother, Kirthi Nissanka, was a professor of Medicine and founder director of Sri Lanka's Postgraduate Institute of Medicine.
Upon graduation he joined the office of the clerk of House of Representatives, and went on to become the Secretary General of Parliament. He was Secretary General and present at the parliament during the 1987 grenade attack in the Sri Lankan Parliament.
# Christian Blake

Christian Blake (born June 8, 1996) is an American football wide receiver who is a free agent. He played college football at Northern Illinois.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | 20-yard split | 20-yard shuttle | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump | Bench press |
| 6 ft 0+3⁄8 in (1.84 m) | 179 lb (81 kg) | 31+5⁄8 in (0.80 m) | 9+3⁄8 in (0.24 m) | 4.51 s | 1.64 s | 2.62 s | 4.40 s | 6.83 s | 34.5 in (0.88 m) | 10 ft 6 in (3.20 m) | 9 reps |
| All values from Pro Day ||||||||||||

### Atlanta Falcons

Blake signed with the Atlanta Falcons as an undrafted free agent on May 1, 2018. He was waived on September 1, 2018. He was re-signed to the practice squad on September 10, 2018. He was released on September 26, 2018. He was re-signed to the practice squad on December 18, 2018. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Falcons on December 31, 2018.
On August 31, 2019, Blake was waived by the Falcons and was signed to the practice squad the next day. He was promoted to the active roster on October 23, 2019.
Blake signed a contract extension with the Falcons on March 11, 2021.

### Arizona Cardinals

On May 16, 2022, Blake signed with the Arizona Cardinals. He was waived on August 2, 2022.

### Pittsburgh Steelers

On August 11, 2022, Blake signed with the Pittsburgh Steelers. He was released on August 23, 2022.
# Bavette

Bavette may refer to:
* Bavette (pasta), narrow ribbon shape
* Flap steak
# MYSC Lady Blues

MYSC Lady Blues is an American women's soccer team, founded in 2007. The team is a member of the Women's Premier Soccer League, the third tier of women's soccer in the United States and Canada. The team plays in the Midwest Conference.
The team plays its home games at Otto Breitenbach Stadium in Middleton, Wisconsin, 10 miles north-west of downtown Madison. The club's colors are white and sky blue.

## Players
### Notable former players

The following former players have played at the senior international and/or professional level:
* Sylvia Gee

## Year-by-year

| Year | Division | League | Reg. Season | Playoffs |
| 2008 | 3 | WPSL | 1st, Midwest | National Semi Finals |

## Honors

* WPSL Midwest Conference Champions 2008

## Coaches

* Ben John 2008–present

## Stadia

* Otto Breitenbach Stadium, Middleton, Wisconsin 2008–present
# Başkənd

Başkənd may refer to:
* Artsvashen, Armenia (a.k.a. Başkənd in Azerbaijani)
* Başkənd, Kalbajar, Azerbaijan
* Başkənd, Khojali, Azerbaijan
* Başkənd, Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan
# HyperCity

HyperCity (styled HyperCITY) was a supermarket chain which operates 20 stores throughout India as of today. The main area of focus is food, home, and fashion.

## History

Founded in 2006, HyperCity Retail India Ltd. was part of the K Raheja Corp, which also owns Shoppers Stop. In 2017, Future Group acquired HyperCity for ₹655 crore.
# HyperCourseware

HyperCourseware is a prototype electronic educational environment developed in 1990 by Kent Norman at the University of Maryland, College Park, to be used in an electronic classroom called the "Teaching Theater." The goal was to rehost electronically all of the things that go into education: the materials, (e.g., textbooks, maps and charts, lesson plans, etc.), the tools (e.g., the blackboard, notebooks, calculators, etc.), and the processes (e.g., lectures, discussions, question and answer, etc.).
The objective embraced by HyperCourseware has been quite broad: to provide an integrated and seamless hypermedia infrastructure to support the full range of classroom activities (Norman & Carter, 1992).
At the global level, HyperCourseware was organized around educational tools, materials, and objectives rather than around semantic or domain specific knowledge. It is only at the local or content level in the materials that knowledge structure becomes important and is incorporated into the materials by the instructor. Consequently, HyperCourseware was written to host any subject and to support many activities common across courses. These activities range from record keeping and on-line testing to hypermedia presentations and from individual exploration to group collaboration. HyperCoursware uses the conventional objects of classroom instruction and implements them in electronic form in the electronic classroom. Objects such as the course syllabus, the lesson plan, the lecture notes, the class roll, etc. are instantiated in graphic form in a hypermedia database.
Furthermore, in HyperCourseware the hypermedia database is used to provide the same sort of natural links between objects as one would expect in the educational materials themselves. For example, the syllabus is a natural navigational mechanism to jump to lectures, readings, and assignments; the classroll is a natural navigational jump to information about students and grades; and the grade list is a natural navigational jump to exams and assignments.
It was first written in a HyperCard like language called "ObjectPlus" that ran on both the Macintosh platform and Windows on a local area network. In 1998 it was rewritten for the World Wide Web using HTML on a WebStar server using FileMaker Pro databases. Currently, it is hosted by an Apple OS X Server and a FileMaker Pro database server.
# Macdonald Tobacco

The Macdonald Tobacco Company (initially called McDonald Brothers and Co.), founded in 1858 by William Christopher Macdonald and his brother Augustine, converted tobacco leaf from southern U.S. suppliers to pipe and chewing tobacco in Montreal. After several acquisitions, it is now known as Japan Tobacco International (JTI), which manages flagship brands such as Benson & Hedges, Camel, Glamour, LD, Mevius, Natural American Spirit, Silk Cut, Sobranie, and Winston.

## History

The Macdonald Tobacco Company was founded in 1858 by William Christopher Macdonald and his brother Augustine. While the use of tobacco products was growing in popularity, the American Civil War afforded the fledgling company an opportunity that brought enormous financial success leading to Macdonald Brothers, emerging the preeminent tobacco company in the field in Canada. Since the northern U.S. faced a tobacco shortage due to the Civil War conflict (tobacco growers were located in the south), MacDonald Tobacco, a Canadian company, bought tobacco leaf from the Southern United States and transported it via ocean cargo vessels to Montreal. MacDonald Tobacco further processed it into a finished product, then selling to the northern U.S. tobacco-starved market.
By the early 1870s, the company acquired over 500 employees. During this period, William Macdonald bought out his brother's stock position.
Deeply proud of his Scottish heritage, William C. Macdonald imprinted a Scottish Lass on the product packaging for nearly a century. Macdonald actually disliked tobacco, and upon his death in 1917, he bequeathed his company to Walter and Howard Stewart, the two sons of company manager David Stewart. Walter Stewart, now president, replaced pipe tobacco with "roll your own" cigarettes. In 1922, packaged cigarette production was added, quickly becoming the mainstay of the business. During the 1960s, David M. Stewart (1920–1984), expanded the business into the manufacturing of cigars.
The Macdonald Tobacco company remained in the Stewart family until 1974 when David M. Stewart sold it to the American tobacco giant R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company who, in light of the uncertainty created by the Quebec sovereignty movement, relocated the head office to Toronto, Ontario. Most of those assets were later purchased by Japan Tobacco.
# Burt Sugarman

Burton Roy Sugarman (born January 4, 1939) is an American film and television producer best known for creating and producing the iconic 1970s/early '80s variety series The Midnight Special, which served as a showcase for popular musical groups of the time.
Sugarman also produced the 1970s game shows Celebrity Sweepstakes, Whew! and The Wizard of Odds, and the short-lived series The Richard Pryor Show. During 1979, Sugarman also owned shares in Old Tucson Corporation, which owned the Old Tucson and Old Vegas amusement parks in Arizona and Nevada.
In the 1980s, he produced the motion pictures Kiss Me Goodbye, Extremities and Children of a Lesser God. He was the executive producer of the film Crimes of the Heart in 1986 and television series The Newlywed Game 1988. He was also part owner of Barris Industries (later known as the Guber-Peters Entertainment Company) before it was sold to Sony in 1989. During the late 1980s, Burt Sugarman was a member of The Giant Group, which they had bought investments in media firms, like broadcasting firm Reeves Entertainment Group, and television broadcaster/cable system operator/newspaper owner Media General in 1987.

## Personal life

Sugarman married television personality and talk show host Mary Hart in 1989; they have one son. He had previously been married to Pauline Schur and to the late actress Carol Wayne, and was engaged to actresses Ann-Margret and Myrna Hansen.

## Producer (as EP)

| Year | Title |
| 1969 | Dionne Warwick -Souled Out (TV Special) |
| 1970 | The Switched On Symphony (TV Special) |
| 1970 | Changing Scene (TV Special) |
| 1970 | Changing Scene II (TV Special) |
| 1971 | Changing Scene III (TV Special) |
| 1971 | Changing Scene IV (TV Special) |
| 1971 | Stand Up and Cheer (TV series) (EP-2 Episodes) |
| 1971 | The Manipulator |
| 1972 | The Jud Strunk Show (TV special) |
| 1973 | The Wizard of Odds (TV series) |
| 1973 | The Midnight Special (producer) |
| 1974 | Celebrity Sweepstakes (TV series; co-produced with Ralph Andrews Productions) |
| 1977 | The Richard Pryor Special? (TV Special) |
| 1977 | The Richard Pryor Show (TV series) |
| 1977 | Billboard No.1 Music Awards (TV series) |
| 1979–1980 | Whew! (TV series; co-produced with Jay Wolpert Productions; previously a Bud Austin production) |
| 1982 | Kiss Me Goodbye |
| 1986 | Extremeties |
| 1986 | Children of a Lesser God |
| 1986 | Crimes of the Heart (EP) |
| 1988 | The Newlywed Game (TV series) |
| 1990 | Mary Hart Presents Love in the Public Eye (TV Special) |

## Himself

| Year | Title |
| 1974 | Rock Concert (TV series) |
| 1983 | The Last Fight |
| 1988 | The 2nd Annual American Comedy Awards (TV Special) |
| 2008–2010 | Entertainment Tonight (TV series) |