OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dimethyl trisulfide

Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest organic trisulfide, with the chemical formula CH$_3$SSSCH$_3$. It is a flammable liquid with a foul odor, which is detectable at levels as low as 1 part per trillion.

## Occurrence

Dimethyl trisulfide has been found in volatiles emitted from cooked onion, leek and other Allium species, from broccoli and cabbage, as well as from Limburger cheese, and is involved in the unpalatable aroma of aged beer and stale Japanese sake. It is a product of bacterial decomposition, including the early stages of human decomposition, and is a major attractant for blowflies looking for hosts. Dimethyl trisulfide along with dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl disulfide have been confirmed as volatile compounds given off by the fly-attracting plant known as dead-horse arum (Helicodiceros muscivorus). These flies are attracted to the odor of fetid meat and help pollinate this plant. DMTS contributes to the foul odor given off by the fungus Phallus impudicus, also known as the common stinkhorn. DMTS causes the characteristic malodorous smell of a fungating lesion, e.g., from cancer wounds, and contributes to the odor of human feces.
DMTS can be synthesized by the reaction of methanethiol with hydrogen sulfide (in the presence of copper (II)) and with sulfur dichloride, among other methods:
    2 CH$_3$SH + SCl$_2$ → CH$_3$SSSCH$_3$ + 2 HCl

## Chemical reactions

On heating at 80 °C, DMTS slowly decomposes to a mixture of dimethyl di-, tri-, and tetrasulfides. The reactivity of DMTS is related to its weak sulfur-sulfur bond (ca. 45 kcal/mol). Dimethyl tetrasulfide, which is thermally more reactive than dimethyl trisulfide, has a still weaker (central) sulfur-sulfur bond (ca. 36 kcal/mol). Oxidation of DMTS by meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) gives the corresponding S-monoxide, CH$_3$S(O)SSCH$_3$.

## Uses

Trap baits containing dimethyl trisulfide have been used to capture Calliphora loewi and other blowflies. Dimethyl trisulfide has been found to be an effective cyanide antidote in a rodent model for cyanide poisoning both against subcutaneous potassium cyanide and inhaled hydrogen cyanide, converting cyanide to much less toxic thiocyanate. It is suggested that dimethyl trisulfide can be used in a mass casualty cyanide exposure setting. In conjunction with these studies, the LD$_{50}$ of dimethyl trisulfide in CD-1 mice was found to be 598.5 mg/kg, which may be compared to the LD$_{50}$ of potassium cyanide of 8.0 mg/kg.
# BZAM

BZAM Ltd., formerly The Green Organic Dutchman Holdings Ltd. (TGOD), is a Canadian recreational cannabis company headquartered in Mississauga, Ontario. TGOD's initial public offering on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX), completed on May 2, 2018, was the industry's largest to date, and raised over CAD$115 million. In September 2021, the company's stock moved from the TSX to the Canadian Securities Exchange. The CSE suspended trading of BZAM's stocks on May 8, 2024 pursuant to a cease trade order from the Ontario Securities Commission, and BZAM was delisted from the CSE on September 11, 2024.

## Valleyfield greenhouse

Green Organic Dutchman's Valleyfield greenhouse is an 820,000-square-foot (76,000 m$^2$) facility on Boulevard Gérard-Cadieux in Valleyfield, Quebec (45°14′02″N 74°06′22″W﻿ / ﻿45.234°N 74.106°W﻿ / 45.234; -74.106). Power rates the company secured were reported to be 4 cents per kilowatt-hour, attributed to the nearby Beauharnois Hydroelectric Generating Station. The greenhouse, when completed, will be over twice the area of Tweed Farms, Canada's largest cannabis greenhouse in 2014. The Valleyfield greenhouse completed construction in 2020 but was eventually sold to Cannara Biotech in 2021 for 27 million dollars as a result of The Green Organic Dutchman’s need to repay creditors.
# Dilliner, Pennsylvania

Dilliner is an unincorporated community in Greene County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located along the Monongahela River and Pennsylvania Route 88, 1.7 miles (2.7 km) northwest of Point Marion. Dilliner has a post office with ZIP code 15327.
# Ian Stuart (rugby union)

Ian Stuart (born 8 October 1961) is a Canadian rugby union player. He played in 21 matches for the Canada national rugby union team from 1984 to 1994, including three matches at the 1987 Rugby World Cup.
# Chiloglanis sp. nov. 'Kerio'

Chiloglanis sp. nov. 'Kerio' is a species of fish in the family Mochokidae. It is endemic to Kenya. Its natural habitat is rivers.
# Patrizia Laeri

Patrizia Laeri (born 9 May 1977) is a Swiss business journalist and program host.
From 2003 until June 2020 Laeri worked at Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF) as TV-Host. Later, she was editor-in-chief for CNNMoney in Switzerland.

## Life

Laeri grew up in Flurlingen. She studied Business Administration at the University of Zurich and University of Madrid. She graduated in business administration "Magna cum laude ". After completing her studies, Laeri completed a traineeship at the Neue Zürcher Zeitung.

## Career

She has been working for Swiss television since 2003. From 2005 to 2012, she worked as an economic editor for the programs 10vor10 and Tagesschau . Since 2007, she hosted the business program SRF Börse.
She has hosted at the World Economic Forum in Davos since 2011. In 2018, she moderated the Sechseläuten, for the SRF. In the Blick newspaper she has been writing a bi-weekly column under the label #aufbruch since 2018 .

## Family

She has two sons and lives with her partner in Männedorf. She campaigns for more flexible day structures, "parental leave", temporary women's quotas and more women in top positions in the economy.
# Edwin Bowman Lyon

Edwin Bowman Lyon (1892–1971) was an American major general.

## Early life

Edwin Lyon was born in 1892 at Las Cruces, New Mexico. In 1915 he graduated from the United States Military Academy and was appointed as a second lieutenant of Cavalry on June 12 of the same year. The same year he served at 7th Cavalry at Douglas, Arizona. He joined the Pancho Villa Expedition into Mexico in March 1916 and in December of the same year, was recruited to the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps at San Diego, California where he worked as a recorder. In September 1918 he graduated from the Bombardment School at Ellington Field, Texas, and then went to Aracadia, Florida to study gunnery. In November of the same year he was given a job at Garden City, Florida, to train a heavy aircraft group, after which he relocated himself to Mitchel Field, New York. Next year, as a general, he went to California where he was stationed at the Presidio of San Francisco.

## Career

On July 1, 1920, he was relocated again, this time to the Air Service, and a month later became an instructor at the U.S. Military Academy. In August 1921 he was chosen to be an air officer at the First Corps Area at Boston, Massachusetts. Two years later, at Langley Field, Virginia, he was welcomed at the Air Service Tactical School. From that school he graduated three years later and became an instructor there for two years. In June 1927 he graduated from Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and then worked as Chief of Air Corps.
In July 1929, he was commanding the 25th Bombardment Squadron at the Panama Canal. Two years later Lyon got enrolled into the Army War College, and next year graduated from it with honours. He then worked as the War Department General Staff till he became an assistant commandant in August 1936 at the Air Corps Primary Flying School at Randolph Field, Texas. In 1940 he attended Basic Flying School at Moffett Field, California and next year received a title of commanding officer of the West Coast Air Corps Training Center. In 1943 he became a commander of the Antilles Air Task Force and a year later he was a commander of 75th Flying Training Wing at Fort Myers, Florida. In May of the same year he was a commanding general at the Army Air Forces Training Command at Laredo, Texas.

## Post War era

In 1945 he was given a task to command an Army Garrison Forces at Oahu, Hawaii and in July of the same year became deputy commander at the Army Air Forces in the Pacific Ocean. He was then a commander of the Sixth Air Service Area Command and a month later became a commander of the Army Air Forces in the Mid Pacific. Exactly year later, he came back to the headquarters of the Army Air Forces and then got a job as Air Materiel Command at Wright Field, Ohio. In July of the same year he came back to the headquarters of the Army Air Forces as chief of the Army Air Forces Officers Selection Branch. He retired in December 1952 with the Legion of Merit and the Air Medal. He died in Washington, D.C., on August 12, 1971, and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
# Ekinlik, Susurluk

Ekinlik is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Susurluk, Balıkesir Province in Turkey. Its population is 61 (2022).
# Edward House (Australian politician)

Edward Charles House (29 September 1916 – 1 January 1971) was an Australian politician. He was a Country Party member of the Western Australian Legislative Council from 1965 until his death, representing South Province.

## Biography

House was born in Katanning and educated at Guildford Grammar School. He worked on his family's farm, "Eugenup" at Gnowangerup until 1940. On 7 October 1940, House enlisted for service with the Royal Australian Air Force in World War II, serving as a fighter pilot in the Middle East, North Africa and the Mediterranean with the No. 450 Squadron RAAF and on secondment with the No. 238 Squadron RAF. He was discharged on 14 September 1945, having been awarded the Distinguished Flying Medal, Distinguished Flying Cross and the Africa Star. House subsequently returned to farming at Gnowangerup and assumed the day-to-day management from his father in 1945, inheriting the property upon his father's death in 1954. He was a Shire of Gnowangerup councillor from 1962 to 1966 and a member of the executive of the Great Southern Regional Council Association.
House was elected to the Legislative Council at the 1965 state election. He was a member of the Printing Committee from 1965 to 1971. He died in office on 1 January 1971 at Hollywood Private Hospital in Perth and was buried at Karrakatta Cemetery.

## Personal life

House married RAAF Nursing Sister Catherine Joan Callaghan on 31 August 1945. They had one son and two three daughters; his son, Monty House, went on to become a long-serving member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly.
# Edward Hough

Edward Hough (5 November 1879 – 22 November 1952) was a British trade unionist.
Born in Edinburgh, Hough was orphaned at the age of six months, and was brought up by an aunt who lived in Yorkshire. He left school at the age of twelve to work at the Ossett Roundwood Colliery, then in 1900 moved to work at Featherstone. He became active in the Yorkshire Miners' Association (YMA), becoming the branch delegate in 1903, and branch secretary in 1909/10. During World War I, he studied at Ruskin College. In 1919, he was elected as Vice-President of the YMA, a post he held for many years.
Hough joined the Independent Labour Party (ILP) in the 1890s, and was a prominent campaigner for the ILP candidate in the 1897 Barnsley by-election. In 1910, he stood for election to the West Riding County Council for the Labour Party, with the support of the ILP. Although he was unsuccessful, he stood repeatedly until he was finally elected in 1925. On the council, he became known for his campaigns for new housing for workers. He also stood unsuccessfully in Don Valley at the 1918 general election.
In 1943, Hough was elected to the executive of the Miners' Federation of Great Britain, using his position to advocate for the nationalisation of the coal mines.
# Ee (band)

Ee (sometimes stylized as ee, EE, or eE) is an American, San Francisco-based indie rock band, that formed in 1999 by former Korea Girl guitarist/vocalist Tobin Mori and bassist Jay Chow/Che Chou. Earlier band members included Brian Gathy, Peter Newman, Susan Parker, and Thom Morrison, and were later replaced by Peter Nguyen on drums, and longtime Seam member Sooyoung Park on lead guitar and keyboard. All members of Ee are Asian-American.
They recorded their debut album, Ramadan, in the fall of 1999 and released it on Currycore Records. After some lineup changes Ee released an EP and a second album, For 100 We Try Harder, on Asian Man Records in 2002.

## Discography

* Ramadan (2000, Curry Records)
* Tinyspot EP (2002, Asian Man Records)
* For 100 We Try Harder (2002, Asian Man Records)
* Capital Plans (2006, Actually, Records)
# Dilolo

10°28′00″S 22°28′00″E﻿ / ﻿10.46667°S 22.46667°E﻿ / -10.46667; 22.46667
Dilolo is a town in Dilolo Territory, Lualaba province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. It lies within five miles of the eastern bank of the Luao River, the DRC-Angolan border, and the Angolan town of Luau, at an altitude of 3510 ft (1069 m).

## Transport
### Road

The city is crossed by Transafican Highway 9 (TAH 9), which connects it to the cities of Luau and Divuma.

### Rail

The city has a train station, which receives trains from the Benguela railway.

### Airport

The town is served by Dilolo Airport, and by Luau International Airport (Luau, Angola)
# Dietzia papillomatosis

Dietzia papillomatosis is a bacterium from the genus Dietzia which has been isolated from the skin scrapings of a patient in the United Kingdom.
# Ozanezumab

Ozanezumab is a monoclonal antibody designed for the treatment of ALS and multiple sclerosis.
Ozanezumab targets a protein called Neurite Outgrowth Inhibitor (NOGO-A) or Reticulon 4 (RTN4). NOGO-A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RTN4 gene that has been identified as an inhibitor of neurite outgrowth specific to the central nervous system. NOGO-A is found at higher than normal levels in persons with ALS.
This drug was developed by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) under the identifier GSK 1223249.

## Mechanism

From an announced phase II clinical trial by GSK:
   NOGO-A blocks neurons from growing toward muscle once the connection has been made. When motor neurons degenerate and the connection becomes weakened, NOGO-A would work against keeping that nerve/muscle contact strong. Increased NOGO-A has been observed in muscle of people with ALS and ozanezumab delayed symptom onset and improved survival in ALS model mice. Thus, it is hoped that it will preserve muscle function and slow the rate of ALS progression in humans.

### (Monoclonal) Antibodies

The antibodies in our body work by binding to foreign material (such as bacteria and viruses) so that it is no longer dangerous and can be 'labelled for destruction' for white blood cells. Monoclonal antibodies, like ozanezumab, are commercially designed antibodies which 'mop up' and bind to a specific target, in this case Nogo-A. This means that ozanezumab is able to help limit the loss of connections between motor neurones and muscles.

## Administration

Ozanezumab is an intravenous drug (administered directly into the blood stream).

## Human Trials
### Previous Trials

Although some positive trends were observed in the exploratory exposure response analyses, given the small sample size, caution should be used in the interpretation of the exposure-response analyses.
GlaxoSmithKline lists three reports with results of phase I studies:
* A Single and Repeat Dose Escalation Study of the Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of GSK1223249 in Patients with ALS. — 111330
* A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose study exploring the preliminary safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of GSK1223249 administered by intravenous (IV) infusion to patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis, not on disease modifying therapy. — 112988
* A randomized, single blind, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose/repeat dose cohort study to assess safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity of GSK1223249 in patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. — 114840

### Current

A Phase II trial completed in 2015.
# Dilonchus

Dilonchus pictus is a species of beetles in the family Carabidae, the only species in the genus Dilonchus.
# Diocese of Eastern Himalaya

Diocese of Eastern Himalaya is a diocese of the Church of North India. Its seat is Darjeeling. Its area includes states of India as well as Bhutan. There are about 10 congregations in Bhutan. It is likely to be the oldest and largest Protestant denomination of Bhutan.
The Diocese has a twinning agreement with the Presbytery of Lothian of the Church of Scotland (which covers Midlothian and East Lothian in South-East Scotland).
# Edward Synge

Edward Synge may refer to:
* Edward Synge (bishop of Cork, Cloyne and Ross) (died 1678), previously Bishop of Limerick, Ardfert and Aghadoe
* Edward Synge (archbishop of Tuam) (1659–1741), previously Bishop of Raphoe
* Edward Synge (bishop of Elphin) (1691–1762), previously Bishop of Clonfert & Kilmacduagh, Bishop of Cloyne, and Bishop of Ferns & Leighlin
* Edward Hutchinson Synge (1890–1957), inventor of the near-field optical microscope
* Edward Synge (priest) (1726–1792), Anglican priest in Ireland
# PNTM

PNTM may refer to:
* Peru's Next Top Model
* Philippines' Next Top Model
* Top Model. Zostań modelką, also known as Poland's Next Top Model
(all three Top Model franchises based from America's Next Top Model)
# Dipnelix

Dipnelix is a genus of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Charopidae.

## Species

The genus Dipnelix includes the following species:
* Dipnelix pertricosa
# Dipnorhynchus

Dipnorhynchus is an extinct genus of marine lungfish from the middle Devonian period (Emsian) of Australia.
The following species are known:
* D. (Placorhynchus) cathlesae Campbell & Barwick, 1999 - mid-Emsian of New South Wales (Bloomfield Limestone)
* D. kiandrensis Campbell & Barwick, 1982 - Emsian of New South Wales (Lick Hole Limestone)
* D. kurikae Campbell & Barwick, 1985 - mid-Emsian of New South Wales (Bloomfield Limestone)
* D. suessmilchi (Etheridge, 1906) (type species) - mid-Emsian of New South Wales (Bloomfield Limestone)
The species 'D.' lehmanii from Germany was formerly placed in this genus, but has more recently been moved to its own genus, Westollrhynchus.
Dipnorhynchus was a primitive lungfish, but still it had features that set it apart from other sarcopterygians. Its skull lacked the joint that divided the skull in two in rhipidists and coelacanths. Instead, it was a solid bony structure similar to that of the first tetrapods. Instead of cheek teeth, Dipnorhynchus had tooth-like plates on the palate and lower jaw. Also like land vertebrates, the palate was fused with the brain case. It was relatively large for a lungfish, measuring 90 centimetres (3 ft) in length. D. cathlesae, the only member of the subgenus Placorhynchus, could grow to particularly large sizes.
# P4A

P4A may refer to:
* Persona 4 Arena, a 2012 fighting video game
* Project for Awesome, a community-driven charitable movement on YouTube
* P4A-TV, TV station in Aruba, Dutch Antilles
# Dirichlet's theorem

Dirichlet's theorem may refer to any of several mathematical theorems due to Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet.
* Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions
* Dirichlet's approximation theorem
* Dirichlet's unit theorem
* Dirichlet conditions
* Dirichlet boundary condition
* Dirichlet's principle
* Pigeonhole principle, sometimes also called Dirichlet's principle
* Dirichlet's test for convergence
# Dig (woreda)

Dig is a district of Somali Region in Ethiopia.
# Dig Deeper (album)

Dig Deeper is the debut studio album by Australian acid jazz band D.I.G. and was released in March 1994. The album peaked at number 6 on the ARIA charts and was certified gold.
At the ARIA Music Awards of 1995, the album was nominated for the Breakthrough Artist - Album.

## Track listing
### Disc 1

* "Two Way Dreamtime" - 6:05
* "Medium Rare" (Interlude) - 1:35
* "The Favourite" - 5:50
* "D.N.A." (Interlude) - 1:24
* "Pythonicity" - 5:17
* "Shelflife" - 5:01
* "Hip Replacement" - 5:53
* "Suffer the Children" (Interlude) - 1:40
* "Gil" - 6:57
* "The DIG Theme" - 5:40
* "The Den" (Interlude) - 0:25
* "Terrified from Dizzy Heights" - 7:39
* "Re-Invent Yourself" (Re-Mix) - 5:23
* "Inner Blue Funk" - 6:14

### Disc 2 (Bonus Disc) DIG Live

* "Re-Invent Yourself" - 8:45
* "The Favourite" - 11:21
* "Same as B3" - 6:03
* Disc 2 recorded live at The Basement in Sydney on 2 December 1993

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (1994) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 6 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1994) | Position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 92 |

## Certification

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 35,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format | Label | Catalogue |
| Australia | March 1994 | CD, 2CD | Id, Phonogram | 5186092 |
| North America | 1994 | CD | Verve Forecast | 314518609-2 |
| Japan | 1994 | CD | Quattro | QTCY-2046 |
# Directed individual study

Directed individual study (DIS) is a college, university or college preparatory school level class providing a more in-depth and comprehensive study of a specific topic than is available in the classroom.
Courses may be taken as electives. In some cases, a directed individual study may be:
* a professor-student rendition of a course that will not be offered again before a student graduates
* the college or university department does not have an established course on the subject area
* the student wishes to research an available course in more depth
* a course offered at another college or university that is not a part of the general curriculum.
* courses that may be applied to satisfy the requirements for a Master's degree.

## Requirements

In general, a student should have or may have to acquire:
* an earned overall GPA of 3.0 (B) or better
* an earned 90 hours toward graduation
* have registered for a course load of no more than 15 semester hours
* the advance approval of the department head of the department offering the course, and the instructor
* follow an approved course of study of prerequisite or courses.

## Process

A student identifies an area in which he or she wishes to undertake research and approaches a faculty member with expertise in that field to request a directed individual study.
The student and instructor complete a DIS form and submit it to the academic coordinator who establishes the course in the registration system. The student often titles his/her own subject area.
The content and requirements of the course are worked out between each instructor and student. Generally, students should not expect a faculty member to agree to a directed individual study unless they have had the student in a regular class and are familiar with that student. The faculty member develops a related syllabus, for review and approval by the department chair and in some cases the dean of the college.
# Bellamy, Virginia

Bellamy is an unincorporated community in Gloucester County, in the U. S. state of Virginia.
# Integra Signum

Integra Signum was a publicly traded Swiss company active in train control and signaling systems. Its main achievement was the development of the train control system Integra-Signum, which was subsequently adopted by the Swiss Federal Railways in 1933. In addition, many Swiss railway stations were (and continue to be) equipped with the company's signal boxes from the Domino 55, Domino 67, or Domino 69 series. Headquartered in Wallisellen, the company existed from the late 19th century until January 1, 1992, when it was acquired by Siemens. Siemens renamed the company to Siemens Integra Verkehrstechnik. It is now a division of Siemens Mobility.
# Digo Salo

Digo Salo is a village in the Cavaellon commune of the Aquin Arrondissement, in the Sud department of Haiti.
# Menteş

Menteş can refer to:
* Menteş, Çivril
* Menteş, Sandıklı