OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Euthalia djata

Euthalia djata is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae (Limenitidinae). It is found in the Indomalayan realm.

## Subspecies

* E. d. djata Borneo
* E. d. rubidifascia Talbot, 1929 Peninsular Malaya, Singapore
* E. d. siamica Riley & Godfrey, 1925 Thailand, Langkawi Island
* E. d. ludonia Staudinger, 1889 Palawan
# Acetobacter

Acetobacter is a genus of acetic acid bacteria. Acetic acid bacteria are characterized by the ability to convert ethanol to acetic acid in the presence of oxygen. Of these, the genus Acetobacter is distinguished by the ability to oxidize lactate and acetate into carbon dioxide and water. Bacteria of the genus Acetobacter have been isolated from industrial vinegar fermentation processes and are frequently used as fermentation starter cultures.

## History of research

The acetic fermentation was demonstrated by Louis Pasteur, who discovered the first acetobacter - Acetobacter aceti - in 1864.
In 1998, two strains of Acetobacter isolated from red wine and cider vinegar were named Acetobacter oboediens and Acetobacter pomorum.
In 2000, Acetobacter oboediens and Acetobacter intermedius were transferred to Gluconacetobacter on the basis of 16S rRNA sequencing.
In 2002, Acetobacter cerevisiae and Acetobacter malorum were identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis of Acetobacter strains.
In 2006, a strain of Acetobacter isolated from spoiled red wine was named Acetobacter oeni.

## Microbiota

The genus Acetobacter contains species which are important commensal bacteria in the gut microbiome of Drosophila melanogaster. The species A. pomorum specifically helps uphold the physiology and development of D. melanogaster through insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling.
# Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 19th Earl of Shrewsbury

Charles John Chetwynd-Talbot, 19th Earl of Shrewsbury, 19th Earl of Waterford, 4th Earl Talbot, PC (13 April 1830 – 11 May 1877), styled Viscount Ingestre between 1849 and 1868, was a British Conservative politician. He served as Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms under Benjamin Disraeli between 1875 and 1877.

## Background

Chetwynd-Talbot was the eldest son of Admiral Henry Chetwynd-Talbot, 18th Earl of Shrewsbury, and his wife Lady Sarah Elizabeth Beresford, daughter of Henry Beresford, 2nd Marquess of Waterford.

## Military career

On 22 May 1849, he was commissioned a lieutenant in the Staffordshire Yeomanry. He purchased a commission as cornet & sub-lieutenant in the 1st Regiment of Life Guards on 17 January 1851. Ingestre was promoted to a captaincy in the Yeomanry on 25 March 1851, and purchased a lieutenancy in the Life Guards on 5 August 1853. He resigned his Life Guards commission in late 1854, but remained in the Staffordshire Yeomanry, in which he was promoted to major on 13 July 1864. On 1 November 1856, he was appointed a deputy lieutenant of Staffordshire.

## Political career

Ingestre entered the House of Commons as one of two representatives for Stafford in 1857, a seat he held until 1859, and later represented Staffordshire North from 1859 to 1865. On 13 July 1864, he was promoted to major in the Staffordshire Yeomanry. He represented Stamford in 1868. The latter year he succeeded his father in the earldom. He resigned his Yeomanry commission on 14 April 1875, and served from 1875 to 1877 as Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms in the second Conservative administration of Benjamin Disraeli and was sworn of the Privy Council in 1874.

## Family

Lord Shrewsbury married Anna Theresa Cockerell (1836–1912), daughter of Captain Richard Howe Cockerell RN (d 1839 Calcutta) by his wife Theresa Newcomen, later Lady Eglinton, in 1855. The new Lady Shrewsbury was stepdaughter to the 13th Earl, and half-sister to the 14th and 15th Earls. They had four children - Lady Theresa Susey Helen, Lady Guendolen Theresa, Lady Muriel Frances Louisa, and Charles, 20th Earl.
Their elder daughter Lady Theresa married the 6th Marquess of Londonderry, and was the mother of the 7th Marquess. A younger daughter, Lady Muriel, married William Duncombe, Viscount Helmsley, and was the mother of the second Earl of Feversham. She was also active in the Garden City movement. Shrewsbury died suddenly in May 1877, aged only 47, and was succeeded in the earldom by his only legitimate son Charles. The Countess of Shrewsbury died in July 1912, aged 76.
Lord Shrewsbury also had an illegitimate child with a maid, producing a son. The son was educated through funding from Lord Shrewsbury. Lord Shrewsbury's illegitimate grandson Arthur Talbot won the Croix de Guerre during the First World War, saving a Padre from behind enemy lines, despite only being a medic.

## Ancestry

Ancestry of Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 19th Earl of Shrewsbury :
# Nanningia

Nanningia is a monotypic genus of Chinese long-jawed orb-weavers containing the single species, Nanningia zhangi. It was first described by M. S. Zhu, J. P. Kim & D. X. Song in 1997, and has only been found in China.
# Benjamin Lacy

Benjamin Lacy may refer to:
* Benjamin W. Lacy (1839–1895), Virginia politician and jurist
* Benjamin R. Lacy (1854–1929), North Carolina politician
# Colalao del Valle

Colalao del Valle is a settlement in Tucumán Province in northern Argentina.
26°22′S 65°57′W﻿ / ﻿26.367°S 65.950°W﻿ / -26.367; -65.950
* This article about a place in Tucumán Province, Argentina is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Anthony Bateman

Sir Anthony Bateman (died 1687) was an English merchant who was Lord Mayor of London in 1663.
Bateman was the son of Robert Bateman, chamberlain of the city. He was a city of London merchant and a member of the Worshipful Company of Skinners. From 1645 to 1646 he was one of the Court Assistants to the Levant Company, and from 1645 to 1649 was a member of the committee of the East India Company. He was one of the committee of the E.I.C. from 1650 to 1658, and one of the Court Assistants to the Levant Company from 1651 to 1652 and from 1653 to 1656. In 1657 he was elected an alderman of the City of London for Farringdon Without ward. He was one of the Sheriffs of London in 1658 and was one of the Court Assistants of the Levant Company from 1658 to 1659. In 1659 he was Master of the Worshipful Company of Skinners. He was on the committee of the E.I.C. from 1659 to 1660 and colonel of Red Regiment from 1659 to 1667. He was knighted on 26 May 1660. He was a member of the committee of the E.I.C. from 1661 to 1663. In 1663, he was elected Lord Mayor of London.
Bateman later failed in business and was a prisoner in the King's Bench on 2 July 1675 when he was voted a pension of 30 shillings per week.
Bateman died in 1687 and was buried on 2 July 1687.
# Maurice Karnaugh

Maurice Karnaugh (/ˈkɑːrnɔː/; October 4, 1924 – November 8, 2022) was an American physicist, mathematician, computer scientist, and inventor known for the Karnaugh map used in Boolean algebra.

## Early life and education

Karnaugh earned a B.A in physics from the City College of New York in 1948 and a PhD. in physics from Yale in 1952.
He later studied mathematics and physics at City College of New York (1944 to 1948) and transferred to Yale University to complete his B.Sc. (1949), M.Sc. (1950) and Ph.D. in physics with a thesis on The Theory of Magnetic Resonance and Lambda-Type Doubling in Nitric-Oxide (1952).

## Career

Karnaugh worked at Bell Labs and IBM from 1952 to 1993.
From 1980 until 1999 Karnaugh taught computer science at Polytechnic University of New York.
At Bell Labs, (1952 to 1966), developing the Karnaugh map (1954) as well as patents for PCM encoding and magnetic logic circuits and coding. He later worked at IBM's Federal Systems Division in Gaithersburg (1966 to 1970) and at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center (1970 to 1994), studying multistage interconnection networks.
Karnaugh was elected an IEEE Fellow in 1976, and held an adjunct position at Polytechnic University of New York (now New York University Tandon School of Engineering) at the Westchester campus from 1980 to 1999.

## Karnaugh Map

While at Bell Labs, in 1953 Karnaugh invented a form of logic diagram which provides an alternative technique for representing Boolean functions. The diagram is known as the Karnaugh Map.

## Personal life and death

Karnaugh was married to the former Linn Blank Weil from 1970 until his death in 2022. He had two sons, Robert Victor Karnaugh and Paul Joseph Karnaugh, from his first marriage.
Karnaugh died in The Bronx on November 8, 2022, at the age of 98.

## Publications

* Karnaugh, Maurice (November 1953) [1953-04-23, 1953-03-17]. "The Map Method for Synthesis of Combinational Logic Circuits" (PDF). Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, Part I: Communication and Electronics. 72 (5): 593–599. doi:10.1109/TCE.1953.6371932. S2CID 51636736. Paper 53-217. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-04-16. Retrieved 2017-04-16.
* Karnaugh, Maurice (June 1972). "Issues in Computer Communications". IEEE Transactions on Communications. 20 (3): 495–498. doi:10.1109/TCOM.1972.1091197. S2CID 51640082.
* Karnaugh, Maurice (May 1976). "A New Class of Algorithms for Multipoint Network Optimization". IEEE Transactions on Communications. 24 (5): 500–505. doi:10.1109/TCOM.1976.1093334.
* Karnaugh, Maurice (March 1992). Generalized quicksearch for expert systems. Eighth Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Applications. pp. 30–34. doi:10.1109/CAIA.1992.200007.
* Karnaugh, Maurice (2017-01-17) [2015-07-05]. "Symbolic Sets and the Real Line" (PDF). symbolicsets.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-08-15. Retrieved 2019-08-07. (61 pages)
# Breaking Us in Two

"Breaking Us in Two" is a song by British musician Joe Jackson. It was the third of three charting singles from his 1982 LP, Night and Day.
The single was released in the UK on 13 August 1982, backed with a song called "El Blanco", which was simply Jackson's song "Target" sung in Spanish. In the US, the B-side was the regular English version of "Target". The single began to get radio airplay in late 1982 and early 1983, especially in the US where the music video was in medium rotation on MTV in early February. The single had become a hit in the US, reaching number 18 on the Billboard Hot 100 the week of March 19, 1983. Later, it reached number 40 in Canada. It also charted in the UK and Australia. It was a bigger Adult Contemporary hit, reaching number eight in the U.S. and number 12 in Canada.
The music video was filmed on location in and around the Oakworth railway station in England.

## Reception

Billboard said it was "jazzy and precise [and] similar in tone to the top 10 'Steppin' Out'."
In Melody Maker, Edwyn Collins said, "This is another song that's just full of cliches. It's almost a pastiche. It's just so mediocre. If you heard it on the radio it would be some totally ambient background noise. Brian Eno would be proud of him."

## Cover Versions

Mandy Moore covered the song for her 2003 album, Coverage.
# Breaking Upwards

Breaking Upwards is a 2009 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Daryl Wein, starring Zoe Lister-Jones, Wein, Julie White, Peter Friedman, Andrea Martin, and Pablo Schreiber. It explores a 20-something, real-life New York couple battling codependency who intricately strategize their own break-up. Cited as an example of independent film industry sweat equity, the film was shot in Manhattan and Brooklyn on a $15,000 budget. It premiered at the SXSW Film Festival on March 14, 2009, and was released simultaneously at New York City's IFC Center and via video on demand on April 2, 2010.

## Cast

* Zoe Lister-Jones as Zoe
* Daryl Wein as Daryl
* Julie White as Joanie
* Andrea Martin as Helaine
* Peter Friedman as Alan
* LaChanze as Maggie
* Ebon Moss-Bachrach as Dylan
* Olivia Thirlby as Erika
* Pablo Schreiber as Turner
* Heather Burns as Hannah
* Tate Ellington as Brian
* Francis Benhamou as Lindsay
* David Call as David
* Sam Rosen as Jack
* Max Jenkins as Frosh
* Michael Benjamin as Polyamorist
* Will Frears as Will
* Matthew Gregory as Polyamorist
* Shira Gregory as Polyamorist
* Ray Iannicelli
* Sondra James
* Ashley Lambert as Yoga Girl
* Charles Socarides as Nikkos
* Michael Warner as Michael
* Audrey Wauchope as Audrey Alison, Waitress

## Festival screenings

* South by Southwest Film Festival (USA; March 2009)
* Brooklyn International Film Festival (USA; June 5, 2009)
* Athens Film Festival (under title, Doseis horismou) (Greece; September 19, 2009)
* Titanic International Filmpresence Festival (under title, Szép kis szakítás) (Hungary; April 11, 2010)
* Leiden International Film Festival (Netherlands; October 26, 2010)
# Bramshott Camp

Bramshott Military Camp, often simplified to Camp Bramshott, was a temporary army camp set up on Bramshott Common near the village of Bramshott, Hampshire, England during both the First and Second World Wars.
Camp Bramshott was one of three facilities in the Aldershot Command area established by the Canadian Army. The permanent facility on both occasions was at the British Army's Bordon Camp. Bramshott was one of two temporary camps set-up for additional accommodation in the lead-up to D-Day, along with Witley Camp.
There were five Canadian camps in the immediate vicinity of Camp Bramshott, each one given the name of one of the Great Lakes:
* Huron and Ontario Camps were located on Bramshott Common near the Portsmouth Road
* Superior Camp was located at the Grayshott end of Ludshott Common
* Erie Camp was located at Headley Down, in the area now occupied by Heatherlands estate.
* Connaught Military Hospital was located on Bramshott Common, adjacent to the A3 Trunk road
There is a memorial to the Canadian troops which comprises, according to the Imperial War Museum's dedication page:
   Avenue of c. 400 trees, one for each Canadian serviceman who died in WW1 and WW2. These trees are each side of the A3 and there is an underpass to cross the road safely. Each tree is twinned with a grave in Bramshott Churchyard and St Joseph's Catholic Church, Grayshott. There is a memorial near the A3 WMR #40272
# Chansa

Chansa may refer to:
* Francis Chansa, Congolese football goalkeeper
* Isaac Chansa, Zambian footballer
* Wisdom Mumba Chansa, Zambian footballer
* Chansa Kabwela, Zambian journalist
# Chanri

Chanri, aka Fateh Chanri, is a village and deh in Talher taluka of Badin District, Sindh. As of 2017, it has a population of 3,121, in 657 households. It is the seat of a tapedar circle, which also includes the villages of Mughal Hafiz, Wasi Sajan, Weesarki, and Widh.
# Glinsko

Glinsko (pronounced) is a settlement in the City Municipality of Celje in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the northeastern outskirts of the town of Celje. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria and is now included into the Savinja Statistical Region.
# Aru, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Aru is a town and the seat of Aru Territory in the Ituri Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In 2004 its population was estimated to be 26,290. Aru has a small airport but no public electricity grid as of 2010.
# Multi-lamellar emulsion

Multi-Lamellar Emulsion (MLE) is an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion showing multi-lamellar structure and an original technology developed by NeoPharm in South Korea.
MLE is made with NeoPharm's proprietary pseudo-ceramide, PC-9S. The Lamellar structure, also observed in the stratum corneum, is defined as a thin plate or membrane of skin lipids. MLE shows multiple layers of this lamellar structure, and as a moisturizer, MLE offers long-lasting skin moisturizing effects through reinforcing the skin's natural barrier function.
Under cross-polarized microscopy, skin lipids and MLE show a similar cross-like structure, termed the Maltese cross structure, and under electron microscopy, lamellar structures are observed. The stratum corneum, as the outermost layer of skin, is responsible for the various barrier functions of the skin and protects our body from externally harmful things.
Stratum corneum lipids are elaborately organized into lamellar structure, which plays the most important role for skin's barrier functions. Unlike conventional moisturizers made with humectants or emollients, MLE can restore and improve the barrier function of skin with its distinctive structural similarity to the native human skin's lamellar structure. Restoring the skin barrier function can improve skin hydration and protect skin from external irritants.
The efficacy of MLE on the skin barrier was proven by several clinical studies performed in independent university, hospitals and reported in peer-reviewed academic journals, including the Journal of Investigative Dermatology, one of the most renowned journals in the field of dermatology. Along with its therapeutic benefits, MLE also has non-sticky textures, allowing quick absorption after application.
As an O/W emulsion, MLE can also be used as a vehicle (carrier) for topical drugs. The multiple layers of MLE offer stabilization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and efficient penetration of API into the skin.
# Achim Hofer

Achim Hofer (born in 1955) is a German musicologist, music educator and University professor.

## Life

Born in Oberhausen, Hofer studied music, German studies and educational science at the University of Paderborn. After the first and second Staatsexamen, Hofer studied musicology at what is now the Hochschule für Musik Detmold and at the Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, where he received his doctorate in 1987 with a dissertation entitled Studien zur Geschichte des Militärmarsches.
From 1981 to 1999 he taught music education in the teaching profession, from 1994 also as a lecturer at the University of Dortmund and at the Robert Schumann Hochschule Düsseldorf. In 1999 he was appointed to the chair for musicology and music education on the Landau campus of the University of Koblenz-Landau, where he is head of the Institute for Musicology and Music in the Department of Cultural and Social Sciences. He is a member of the faculty council.
Hofer's research focuses on the early history of harmonie music, wind and brass music and military music in the Nazi period.

## Work

* Blasmusikforschung.
* Die "Königlich Preußische Armeemarschsammlung" 1817 - 1839.
# High Speed 2 (disambiguation)

High Speed 2 is a planned, partly under construction, high-speed railway line in the United Kingdom.
High Speed 2 may also refer to:
# Nanning–Fangchenggang railway

The Nanning–Fangchenggang railway (Chinese: 南防铁路; pinyin: Nán–Fáng tiělù) is a railway line in Guangxi, China.

## History

The section between Nanning South and Qinzhou railway station was the first to open, on 26 December 1985. On 15 December 1986, the extension to Fangchenggang railway station was opened.
# Ed Hodge

Ed Oliver Hodge (born April 19, 1958) is a former baseball pitcher who appeared in twenty-five games for the Minnesota Twins in 1984.
# Ed Hirsh

Ed Hirsh is a special effects artist who was nominated at the 74th Academy Awards in the category of Best Visual Effects for his work on Pearl Harbor. He shared his nomination with Eric Brevig, John Frazier and Ben Snow.
He is a member of Industrial Light & Magic as well and has worked on many of the movies by them.

## Selected filmography

* Empire Strikes Back (1980)
* Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)
* E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982)
* Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (1982)
* Return of the Jedi (1983)
* Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984)
* Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (1986)
* Innerspace (1987)
* Willow (1988)
* Ghostbusters II (1989)
* Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989)
* Die Hard 2 (1990)
* Backdraft (1991)
* Hook (1991)
* The Rocketeer (1991)
* Star Trek Generations (1994)
* The Lost World: Jurassic Park (1997)
* Men in Black (1997)
* Galaxy Quest (1999)
* Wild Wild West (1999)
* Pearl Harbor (2001)
* Hulk (2003)
* War of the Worlds (2005)
* WALL-E (2008)
* Terminator Salvation (2009)
# 1989 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira

The 1989 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was the 11th edition of the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira, the annual Portuguese football season-opening match contested by the winners of the previous season's top league and cup competitions (or cup runner-up in case the league- and cup-winning club is the same). The 1989 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was contested over two legs, and opposed Belenenses and Benfica of the Primeira Liga. Benfica qualified for the SuperCup by winning the 1988–89 Primeira Divisão, whilst Belenenses qualified for the Supertaça by winning the 1988–89 Taça de Portugal.
The first leg which took place at the Estádio da Luz, saw Benfica defeat Belenenses 2–0. The second leg which took place at the Estádio do Restelo saw Benfica defeat Belenenses 2–0 (4–0 on aggregate), which claimed the Encarnados a third Supertaça.

## First leg
### Details

| Benfica | Belenenses |
Silvino :
| RB | | José Carlos |
| CB | | Paulo Madeira |
| CB | | Samuel |
| LB | | António Veloso (c) |
| RM | | Abel Campos |
| CM | | Vítor Paneira |
| LM | | António Pacheco | 75' | |
| AM | 10 | Valdo |
| CF | 9 | Vata |
| CF | | Lima | | 68' |
| Substitutes: |||
| GK | | Manuel Bento |
| DF | | António Fonseca |
| MF | | Ademir Alcântara |
| MF | | Fernando Chalana |
| MF | | Paulo Sousa | | 68' |
| Manager: |||
| Sven-Göran Eriksson ||||
Borislav Mihaylov :
| RB | Álvaro Teixeira | 77' | |
| CB | Carlos Ribeiro | 55' | |
| CB | João Galo | | 45' |
| CB | Rui Gregório |
| LB | Carlos Grosso |
| CM | Juanico (c) |
| CM | Macaé | 57' | 72' |
| LW | Adão |
| RW | Chiquinho Conde |
| CF | Chico Faria |
| Substitutes: |||
| GK | Fernando Justino |
| DF | Edmundo Silva | | 45' |
| MF | Jaime Mercês |
| MF | Paulo Monteiro | | 72' |
| FW | Jorge Silva |
| Manager: |||
| Hristo Mladenov ||||
| Match officials Assistant referees: Fourth official: | Match rules 90 minutes. Maximum of two substitutions |

## Second leg
### Details

| Belenenses | Benfica |
Borislav Mihaylov :
| DF | | Álvaro Teixeira |
| DF | | Edmundo Silva |
| DF | | João Galo |
| DF | 3 | José António (c) |
| DF | | Carlos Ribeiro | 46' |
| MF | | Juanico |
| MF | | Macaé |
| MF | | Paulo Monteiro | 60' |
| MF | | Adão |
| FW | | Chico Faria |
| Substitutes: |||
| MF | | Jaime Mercês | 60' |
| FW | | Chiquinho Conde | 46' |
| Manager: |||
| António Dominguez ||||
Silvino :
| RB | | José Carlos |
| CB | | Aldair |
| CB | 3 | Samuel |
| LB | | António Veloso (c) |
| CM | | Jonas Thern |
| CM | | Vítor Paneira |
| AM | 7 | Valdo |
| RW | | Abel Campos | 57' |
| LW | | António Pacheco | 67' |
| CF | 11 | Mats Magnusson |
| Substitutes: |||
| MF | | Diamantino | 57' |
| MF | | Fernando Chalana | 67' |
| Manager: |||
| Sven-Göran Eriksson ||||
| Match officials Assistant referees: Fourth official: | Match rules 90 minutes. Maximum of two substitutions |
* 1989 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira Winners
* Benfica 3rd Title