OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Contraction (short story)

"Contraction" (Chinese: 坍缩, Pinyin: tānsuō) is a science-fiction short story by Chinese writer Liu Cixin. It was published in Science Fiction World in Chongqing in 1999 and in the anthology To Hold Up the Sky in October of 2020.

## Plot

After concluding the Grand Unified Theory, the theoretical physicist Ding Yi calculated the exact moment, in which the expansion of the universe will reverse and change into a contraction. During a conference to await this event, scheduled to happen that day, Ding Yi explains the basics of the calculations, how neutrinos having mass and dark matter will cause the contraction and how it can be observed by the change from red shift to blue shift. When a colleague enters and declares, that her father had just died, Ding Yi just shrugs and claims, she doesn't need to worry. The colleague gets angry and lectures Ding Yi, that fathers with a massive effect on our lives are more important than the color of some frequencies changing, not affecting us at all. Ding Yi calmly rejects that and reveals the aftermath of the beginning of the contraction: Time will start flowing backwards. What was once our past, will then be our future. Everybody will speak and walk backwards, but nobody will know anything ahead as one can remember the past, but can't remember the future. The audience reacts with shock as the countdown ends and the era of contraction begins.

## Reception

Paul Di Filippo, writing in the Locus Magazine, claims that "despite its one-note gimmicky core", the short story is an "effectively mind-bending tale dealing with the unforeseen fallout from cosmological reversals of interstellar expansion."
Nicole Beck, writing in Strange Horizons, states that "the characterization often falls back on stereotype" and that the short story "drives home the idea that knowledge is a special ability that gives characters security in the most extreme situations." She argues about the main character, that the "entire setup reads like a performance for his own amusement, and [that] he becomes almost sinister in his control of the situation." She thinks that this "suggests that intelligence and the ability to acquire knowledge are perhaps the greatest currency anyone can possess" and that "whether or not one agrees, it is a thought-provoking idea."
# Contracting Officer

A Contracting Officer (often abbreviated as KO in the US Army or CO in the US Air Force) is a person who can bind the Federal Government of the United States to a contract which is greater in value than the federal micro-purchase threshold ($10,000 for supplies, in most circumstances). This is limited to the scope of authority delegated to the Contracting Officer by the head of the agency.

## Responsibilities

A Contracting Officer enters into, administers, or terminates contracts and makes related determinations and findings, and is appointed by a (SF) 1402, Certificate of Appointment. Subsection 414(4) of Title 41, United States Code, requires agency heads to establish and maintain a procurement career management program and a system for the selection, appointment, and termination of appointment of contracting officers. Agency heads or their designees may select and appoint contracting officers and terminate their appointments. These selections and appointments shall be consistent with the Office of Management and Budget/Office of Federal Procurement Policy's (OMB/OFPP) standards for skill-based training in performing acquisition, contracting and procurement duties as published in OFPP Policy Letter No. 05-01, Developing and Managing the Acquisition Workforce, April 15, 2005.
The responsibilities of a Contracting Officer are detailed in the FAR (48 CFR) Part 1.602-2: "Contracting officers are responsible for ensuring performance of all necessary actions for effective contracting, ensuring compliance with the terms of the contract, and safeguarding the interests of the United States in its contractual relationships."
# Convention against Corruption

Convention against Corruption could refer to:
* The United Nations Convention against Corruption of the United Nations, in force since 14 December 2005.
* The Inter-American Convention against Corruption of the Organization of American States, in force since 6 March 1997.
* The Civil Law Convention on Corruption of the Council of Europe, adopted 4 November 1999.
* The Criminal Law Convention on Corruption of the Council of Europe, adopted 27 January 1999.
* The EU Convention against Corruption involving officials of the European Union, adopted on 25 June 1997.
* The African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption, adopted in 2003.
* The OECD Anti-Bribery Convention
# Appointment in Honduras

Appointment in Honduras is a 1953 American adventure film directed by Jacques Tourneur and starring Glenn Ford, Ann Sheridan, and Zachary Scott.

## Plot

Taking place in 1910, during a fictional revolution in Honduras, Jim Corbett (Glenn Ford) was hired to ensure that a large sum of money came to the deposed political leader. Sylvia Sheppard (Ann Sheridan) and her wealthy husband Harry Sheppard (Zachary Scott) are unwilling hostages of Corbett, who is accompanied through the jungle by several wanted criminals. Sylvia, ever the unfaithful wife, eventually falls in love with Corbett. They encounter various dangers, including crocodiles, "tiger fish," large snakes, biting ants, a huge swarm of some unnamed, assumed stinging insects, malaria, and armed insurgents.

## Cast

| Actor | Role |
| Glenn Ford | Jim |
| Ann Sheridan | Sylvia |
| Zachary Scott | Harry |
| Jack Elam | Castro |
| Rodolfo Acosta | Reyes |
| Stanley Andrews | Captain McTaggart |
# Aquaflight Aqua I

The Aquaflight Aqua I, also known as the W-6 was a 6-seat amphibious aircraft developed in the United States shortly after World War II.

## Variants
### W-6

    the initial prototype powered by 2 x 125 hp (93 kW) Lycoming O-290 4-cylinder horizontally opposed piston engines

### Aqua I

    alternative designation of the W-6

### W-6A

    A second version powered by 2 x 125 hp (93 kW) Lycoming O-360 6-cylinder horizontally opposed piston engines

### Aqua II

    Alternative designation of the W-6A

## Specifications

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1948
General characteristics
* Crew: one pilot
* Capacity: 5 passengers
* Length: 29 ft 6 in (8.99 m)
* Wingspan: 36 ft 6 in (11.13 m)
* Height: 12 ft 0 in (3.66 m)
* Wing area: 215 sq ft (20.0 m$^2$)
* Airfoil: NACA 23012-16
* Empty weight: 2,200 lb (998 kg)
* Gross weight: 3,600 lb (1,633 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 100 US gal (83 imp gal; 380 L)
* Powerplant: 2 × Lycoming O-290 four-cylinder piston engines , 125 hp (93 kW) each
Performance
* Cruise speed: 125 mph (201 km/h, 109 kn)
* Stall speed: 40 mph (64 km/h, 35 kn) (with flags, half load)
* Rate of climb: 1,250 ft/min (6.4 m/s)
# Aquafon

Aquafon is a state run telecommunications company in Abkhazia. In 2014 it had 80,000 subscriptions.

## History

Aquafon was established March 6, 2003, and its network became operational on July 13 of that year. By April 2007, the number of subscriptions had reached 50,000 and, in 2008, this number had further risen to 80,000.
In summer 2008, Aquafon began to provide GPRS and video call services in test mode and officially launched its 3G network with HSDPA support on September 30.

## Ownership

51% of Aquafon's shares are owned by Mondeo Holdings, an offshore company based in the British Virgin Islands. Mondeo Holdings is in turn 100% owned by Bermuda based ComTel Eastern, which also owns 31% of MegaFon and 50% of Sky Link (Russia).

## Competition

Until 2006, Aquafon held a monopoly on the mobile telephone market of Abkhazia. In 2006, a second company, A-Mobile, started to provide services.
# Aodh Ó Máille

Aodh Ó Máille (alias Hugh O'Malley), Gaelic-Irish Lord and Chief of the Name, died 1415. Ó Máille was a member of the O'Malley family of Clew Bay in what is now County Mayo. The Annals of the Four Masters, sub anno 1415, records his fate:
   A great prey was taken by O'Malley, i.e. Hugh, from Dermot O'Malley. Dermot in retaliation took O'Malley's Island, upon which Hugh went in pursuit of Dermot; and a battle was fought between them, in which Hugh O'Malley, Lord of Umallia, was slain by Dermot and his son Conor, and also the son of Thomas O'Malley, and Donnell, the son of Dermot O'Malley. The chieftainship of Umallia was thenceforth wrested from the descendants of Hugh; and Dermot assumed the lordship.
# Aodh Ó Broin

Aodh Ó Broin (Hugh Byrne), (d. 3 July 1993) was the 20th president of the Gaelic Athletic Association.
Born in Rathdangan, County Wicklow, he attended secondary school in Knockbeg College and went on to play in the Sigerson Cup with UCD. He won 2 Wicklow Senior Football Championships with Bray Emmets in 1934 and 1935.
He became chairman of Wicklow GAA County Board in 1947, and later served as chairman of Leinster GAA.
# Aperostoma

Aperostoma is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Neocyclotidae.
The species of this genus are found in America.
Species:
* Aperostoma allantayum Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma amazonense Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma balsasense Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma belli (Beddome, 1908)
* Aperostoma blanchetium (S.Moricand, 1826)
* Aperostoma bogotense (L.Pfeiffer, 1855)
* Aperostoma boliviense Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma cardozi (H.B.Baker, 1923)
* Aperostoma carmioli Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma castaneum Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma caucaense (Da Costa, 1901)
* Aperostoma cingulatum (G.B.Sowerby I, 1843)
* Aperostoma columbiense (Da Costa, 1901)
* Aperostoma cumingi Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma currani Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma depressum (Da Costa, 1906)
* Aperostoma dilatatum Haas, 1955
* Aperostoma dunkeri (L.Pfeiffer, 1856)
* Aperostoma fasciatum (Kobelt, 1912)
* Aperostoma filoliratum (G.B.Sowerby Iii, 1892)
* Aperostoma fischeri (Hidalgo, 1867)
* Aperostoma fultoni Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma inca (d'Orbigny, 1835)
* Aperostoma inconspicuum (G.B.Sowerby I, 1843)
* Aperostoma indecisum Haas, 1952
* Aperostoma laxatum (G.B.Sowerby I, 1850)
* Aperostoma leai Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma masvense Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma merrilli Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma mexicanum (Menke, 1830)
* Aperostoma nanum Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma nevadense Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma olivaceum Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma paezense Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma paezicolum Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma pailaense Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma palmeri (Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942)
* Aperostoma pazi (Crosse, 1866)
* Aperostoma perezi (Hidalgo, 1866)
* Aperostoma peruense Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma peruvianum (Da Costa, 1906)
* Aperostoma popayanum (I.Lea, 1838)
* Aperostoma primigenia (Matheron, 1888)
* Aperostoma pulchellum Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma redfieldi Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma salengoense Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma schunkei Haas, 1955
* Aperostoma smile Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma subcingulatum (Kobelt, 1912)
* Aperostoma superstructum Haas, 1955
* Aperostoma translucidum (G.B.Sowerby I, 1843)
** Aperostoma translucidum trinitense
* Aperostoma umbilicatum Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma utriaense Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma veracochanum Bartsch & J.P.E.Morrison, 1942
* Aperostoma viridulum Haas, 1952
* Aperostoma walkeri H.B.Baker, 1928
# Essential dermatitis

Essential dermatitis is an idiopathic inflammation of the skin that does not fit the picture of other well defined conditions (such as atopic or contact dermatitis) and is a diagnosis of exclusion.
# Apantesis phalerata

Apantesis phalerata, commonly known as the harnessed tiger moth, is a species of moth within the Erebidae family, first described by Thaddeus William Harris in 1841.

## Distribution

Harnessed tiger moths are indigenous to North America, with a geographical distribution that spans from Ontario, Quebec, and Maine in the north, stretching down to Florida, Texas, and South Dakota. The activity period for A. phalerata varies regionally, from April to September in the southern parts of its range, and from May to August in the northern areas.

## Description

Harnessed tiger moths are part of the subfamily Arctiinae, which comprises about 11,000 species of tiger moths divided across three tribes globally. Similar to cicadas, tiger moths possess tymbals on their metathorax, which they use to produce high frequency clicks. These clicks serve as a defensive mechanism against predation and as a means of communication during mating.

## Life cycle and behavior

Throughout its life cycle, which includes the stages of egg, larva (caterpillar), pupa, and adult, A. phalerata undergoes complete metamorphosis. As caterpillars, they feed on a variety of vegetation including grasses, garden crops, and low-growing plants such as Trifolium (clover), Spartina (cordgrass), Taraxacum (dandelion), and Plantago (plantain). The cocoon of a harnessed tiger moth is primarily made from larval hairs.
Adult A. phalerata moths have a wingspan ranging from 30 to 42 mm (1.2 to 1.7 inches) and are known for their distinctive black and orange wing patterns, which has earned them the name "tiger" moth. This coloration is a form of aposematism, a strategy used to warn predators of their unpalatability.
Despite their warning colors, harnessed tiger moths are preyed upon by bats, which rely on echolocation to hunt. The moths' vibrant colors serve as a visual deterrent, signaling to potential predators that they are distasteful. Following mating, the lifespan of a harnessed tiger moth ranges from 5 to 10 days. The lifespan and mortality are influenced by various factors, including the act of mating itself and dietary conditions.
# Ernst Flersheim

Ernst Flersheim (born 1862; died in 1944 in Bergen-Belsen concentration camp) was a German Jewish art collector who was persecuted by the Nazis.

## Early life

Flersheim was born on 13 July 1862 in Frankfurt am Main. His parents were Louis Flersheim and Johanna Gütha Flersheim. He married Gertrud von Mayer (born 2 August 1872; died 13 September 1944 in Bergen Belsen). Both were arrested, deported and murdered by the Nazis.

## Art collection

The Flersheim's collection included Ferdinand Hodler's "Thunersee mit Niesen", "A Prayer before Supper" by Jan Toorop and "Procession in the Mountains" by Adolf Hölzel.

## Nazi-era

In May 1937, the Frankfurt auction house Hugo Helbing auctioned off the Flersheim collection and the couple fled to Amsterdam in the face of increasing anti-Semitic repression. In the Netherlands they were arrested and imprisoned. They were deported and died in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in 1944.

## Claims for restitution

After 1945, Edith Eberstadt (née Flersheim) made claims for restitution for artworks in the collection. A few paintings were located in private collections or public museums. Several restitutions or settlements took place. In May 2020, the Association for the Promotion of Fine Arts in Wiesbaden e. V. returned the painting "Procession in the Mountains" by Adolf Hölzel, which was on permanent loan to the Wiesbaden Museum, to the heirs of the Flersheim family.
The efforts by the Flersheim's grandson, Walter Eberstadt, to recover art works by the Dutch painter Jan Toorop are documented at the Leo Baeck Institute.
In 2008, the Dutch Restitutions Committee issued binding resolutions concerning several of the Flersheim claims for restitution.
# Benny Westblom

Lars Benny Westblom (born April 30, 1954, in Gävle, Sweden) is a retired Swedish professional ice hockey goaltender.
Westblom began his career playing for Brynäs IF in 1972. In 1977, Westblom joined Västra Frölunda and remained with the team until 1983. He then spent one season with HV71 before re-joining Västra Frölunda in 1984 and stayed with them until his retirement in 1990.
# Aradanga

Aradanga is a village in Kamrup district.

## Transport

The village is connected to Guwahati with regular buses and other modes of transportation.
# Essen-Kray Süd station

Essen-Kray Süd station is one of two railway stations in the German city of Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, located in the district of Essen-Kray. The other one is Essen-Kray Nord station on the Essen–Gelsenkirchen railway line.

## History

The station was opened in 1896 with the name Kray Süd as the second Kray station after the aforementioned Essen-Kray Nord from 1873. It contributed to the development of Kray and the neighbouring Leithe during the period of industrialisation in the Ruhrgebiet. In 1929 Kray was incorporated into the city of Essen. In 1950 the station received its present name Essen-Kray Süd. In 1974 the station was classified as a Haltepunkt.
# Apodakos

Apodakos was a king of Characene, a kingdom presumably vassal of the Parthian Empire.
Apodakos is known from his silver and bronze coins, only some of which are dated. The dated coins belong to the years 110/09 to 104/3 BC.
In 124 BC, Hyspaosines, the first king of Characene died. After his death, his widow Thalassia tried to install their son on the throne. However, the events surrounding the succession are known from Babylonian cuneiform texts and the name of the son is not mentioned.
Whether Apodakos was the son of Hyspaosines remains undetermined, however, he has certain historicity from about 14 years later, as king of the small kingdom.

## Literature

* ↑ Richard Nelson Frye, The History of Ancient Iran(C.H.Beck, 1984) p277.
* ↑ E. Yarshater, The Cambridge History of Iran, Cambridge University Press page 487
* ↑ Monika Schuol: Die Charakene. Ein mesopotamisches Königreich in hellenistisch-parthischer Zeit, Stuttgart 2000, p. 220-221, 300-303 ISBN 3-515-07709-X
| Preceded byHyspaosines | King of Characene 110/09 to 104/3 BC. | Succeeded byTiraios I |
# Aras Onur

Aras Onur (born 23 April 1982) is a Turkish author, poet, and columnist.

## Early life

Aras Onur was born in Ankara and is a graduate of TED Ankara College and University of Ankara. He started his literary career in the early 2000s. Openly gay, he has been often associated with local LGBT literature.
He is often identified as a socialist columnist in the media, although his conservative tendencies are also often noted.
Aras Onur was pointed as mastermind of "Kindle a Candle" protests, a wave of civil series of unrest in Turkey began on 11 September 2015. The protesters were led by a common manifest released by columnists of a national newspaper named Karsi, in which the slogan "Kindle a Candle, Stand Out" was captioned.

## Career

His first book of poetry was published in 2004, called Sudan Masallar, integrating a wordplay in Turkish which could be construed either as "tales from the water" or "arbitrary tales". His synopsis text for a short film (Gıyabında Cam Kadeh) ("The Wineglass in absentia" in English) was awarded the second place by Istanbul Bilgi University in 2007. During the same year one of his plays, Üç Kapı (Eng: "Three Doors"), made its theatrical debut. He was listed as one of the contemporary Turkish poets awaiting translation, among Cemal Sureya, Birhan Keskin, Turgut Uyar, and Edip Cansever.
He had written for Karsi columns for two years as the acting-editor until he resigned from office in October 2016, following to ban of accessing to paper's website.

## Corpus
### Books

| Year | Title | Class of Literature | Notes |
| 2004 | Sudan Masallar | Poetry | The initial foray of the author into poetry. |
| 2014 | Beylerbeyi'nde Son Tango | Poetry | |
| 2015 (expected) | His Secret Diary | Novel | Roman-a-clef; based on a true story of a secret agent working for the Turkish intelligence agency. |
| 2017 | Direnc, Onur ve Dahasi | Academic | Editor for an LGBTQ rights book consisting of ten chapters. |
| 2018 | Pars ile Porsuk | Novel | Roman-a-clef; based on a true bromance story of a gay hero narrator and his buddy. |
| 2018 | Paris'ten Dondugumde | Poetry | |

### Stageplays

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2007 | Three Doors | Stagewriter | Performed by a small theatre in 2007. |
| 2015 | The Unknown Accessory | Adaptor and co-writer | Based on a tale of Okan Cem Çırakoğlu. In production. |

### Released Works

| Date | Title | Class | Issue |
| 2007 | Waiting for Godot | Adaptation of Samuel Beckett's stageplay | Kul Oyku |
| 2014 Jan. | Cay / Tea | Poem | Hayal Quarterly Magazine, Issue 48 |
| 2014 Sep. | Juan | Short tale | Hayal Quarterly Magazine, Issue 51 |
| 2016 May | Die Why | Translated Poem | Off the Coast, Maine's International Poetry Journal Volume XXII, No.2 |
| 2016 June, 23 | Leave Me Not, Geodesy, Lollipop | Translated Poems | Five 2 One Literary Magazine, #thesideshow 23 June 2016 |
# Arasada, Srikakulam district

Arasada is a village in Vangara mandal of Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh, India.

## Demographics

As of 2001 Indian census, the demographic details of Arasada village is as follows:
* Total Population: 3,230 in 802 Households.
* Male Population: 1,594 and Female Population: 1,636
* Children Under 6-years of age: 379 (Boys - 190 and Girls - 189)
* Total Literates: 1,340
# Arabian Television Network

Arabian Television Network (ATN) was a Dubai, United Arab Emirates-based broadcast media company, part of Arab Media Group. Its staff and resources have been merged into Dubai Media Incorporated.
Arabian Television Network had partnered with MTV Networks International of Viacom to launch a localized version of MTV, called MTV Arabia, and Nickelodeon Arabia as well as launching the first user-generated content channel, SHOOFtv.