OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles P. Kindregan Jr.

Charles P. Kindregan Jr. (June 18, 1935 – April 19, 2016) was a professor of law at Suffolk University Law School in Boston, with a speciality in assisted reproduction law.
Kindregan received a BA and MA from La Salle University, a Juris Doctor from Chicago–Kent College of Law of the Illinois Institute of Technology and an LL.M from Northwestern University Law School. Kindregan taught at Virginia Military Institute from 1961 to 1962 and then became an assistant professor at Loyola Law School from 1963 to 1967. In 1967 he was appointed an assistant professor at Suffolk University Law School, serving in this position from 1967 to 1969. He became an associate professor in 1968 and a full professor in 1972. Kindregan continued to teach at Suffolk and served as director of advanced legal studies from 1980 to 1988 and associate dean from 1990 to 1994. He was appointed distinguished professor for research and scholarship in 2005.
Kindregan authored or co-authored texts on family law and torts, including the American Bar Association book on assisted reproduction. He also led the ABA committee to form the model rules in this area.

## References and external links

* ↑ Room for Debate blog, New York Times, subheading: Licenses for Surrogacy Clinics, Charles P. Kindregan Jr., December 29, 2009
* ↑ Suffolk Law Biographical information
# Grynobius

Grynobius is a genus of beetles in the family Ptinidae. The genus contains a single species, Grynobius planus.
Its host plants include birch, alder, willow, hawthorn, and common beech.
# Encephalartos middelburgensis

Encephalartos middelburgensis is a species of cycad that is native to Gauteng and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa at elevations of 1,100–1,400 m (3,600–4,600 ft).

## Description

It is a cycad with an arborescent habit, with an erect or decumbent stem, up to 10 m (33 ft) tall and 35–45 cm (14–18 in) in diameter, often with secondary stems originating from basal suckers. The leaves, pinnate, arranged in a crown at the apex of the stem, are 1.2–1.5 m (3 ft 11 in – 4 ft 11 in) long, supported by a 30–40 cm (12–16 in) long petiole with a densely tomentose base, and composed of numerous pairs of lanceolate, leathery leaflets, up to 20 cm (7.9 in) long, with entire margin or occasionally with a single spine on the inferior margin and sharp apex.
It is a dioecious species, with male specimens that have from 1 to 8 cylindrical or strictly ovoid cones, erect, 30–55 cm (12–22 in) long and 8–12 cm (3.1–4.7 in) broad, green in color and covered with a brownish tomentum, and female specimens with 1-6 cylindrical cones, about 35–45 cm (14–18 in) long and 17–20 cm (6.7–7.9 in) wide, the same color as the male cones.
The seeds are coarsely ovoid, 3–3.5 cm (1.2–1.4 in) long, covered with a yellow to brown sarcotesta.

## Population

Initially, this species could be found inhabiting multiple locations in the proximity of Middelburg, Bronkhorstspruit, and the Loskop Dam within South Africa's Mpumalanga province. It is believed that the population consisted of several thousand mature individuals. However, in recent years, the population has experienced a substantial and concerning decline. It is estimated there are 184-200 mature individuals in the wild.
The species is typically found within open grassland areas and sheltered valleys.

## Threats

Encephalartos middelburgensis faces a variety of challenges that pose a significant risk to its survival and the health of its habitat.
The discovery of the Encephalartos middelburgensis in the 1960s in the Middelburg district led to a serious threat from collectors. The accessibility of the sites and their proximity to urban areas like the Pretoria/Witwatersrand complex resulted in extensive exploitation during the peak of cycad collecting. While legislation has helped curtail collector activities, individuals still exploit the taxon to this day.
The development of semi-intensive agricultural areas within and around the species' distribution range has led to increased burning of its habitat and grazing practices. Encephalartos middelburgensis is very susceptible to fire.
Authorities from Gauteng Nature Conservation, during the years 2005-2010, observed evidence of disease affecting the stems of the few remaining wild Middelburg Cycad plants in Gauteng. In Mpumalanga, officials have detected signs of intensive poaching in some subpopulations, often involving the removal of suckers from the plants. Additionally, there is evidence that pollinators are absent from several subpopulations, hindering the species' natural regeneration.
# Commissioners of Highland Roads and Bridges

The Commissioners of Highland Roads and Bridges (formally the Commissioners for Roads and Bridges in the Highlands of Scotland) was created in 1803 to take responsibility for the construction and maintenance of the long-distance roads in the Scottish Highlands.
The commission was created following the 1802 inspection by Thomas Telford (on behalf of the government) of the state of the roads. The Scottish Highland Roads and Bridges Act 1803 (43 Geo. 3. c. 80) established the commission. The initial commissioners, named in section 4 of the 1803 Act, were the Speaker of the House of Commons, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and His Majesty's Advocate for Scotland, all for the Time being, the Rt Hon William Dundas, Sir William Pulteney, Bt, Isaac Hawkins Browne, Nicholas Vansittart, Charles Grant, William Smith, and Charles Dundas.
The commission was dissolved by the Highland Roads and Bridges Act 1862 with effect from 31 December of that year, and the roads managed by the Commissioners and other property relating thereto was transferred to the Commissioners of Supply (except in the counties of Argyll and Caithness, where transfer was to the Road Trustees of those counties). Management of the roads was also transferred to the Commissioners of Supply and Road Trustees.
# Robert Coulter

Robert Coulter may refer to:
* Robert Coulter (Northern Ireland politician)
* Robert Coulter (New Zealand politician)
# Budapest Challenger (May)

The Budapest Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was the earlier one of the two simultaneous challengers played in Hungary with the event taking place usually in May. It was part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It was held annually at the Római Teniszakadémia in Budapest, Hungary, from 1994 to 2005, when during the 2006 Hungarian floodings the courts were washed away and the event spot was replaced by the USTA LA Tennis Open. The most successful players were Hernán Gumy with two singles titles and Nuno Marques with three doubles titles.

## Past finals
### Singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2005 | Răzvan Sabău | Jean-Claude Scherrer | 6–1, 6–7$^{(3–7)}$, 6–3 |
| 2004 | Novak Djokovic | Daniele Bracciali | 6–1, 6–2 |
| 2003 | Johan Settergren | Boris Pašanski | 7–5, 6–4 |
| 2002 | Mariano Delfino | Quino Muñoz | 6–3, 6–7$^{(5–7)}$, 6–1 |
| 2001 | Giorgio Galimberti | Jarkko Nieminen | 6–4, 5–7, 6–1 |
| 2000 | Edwin Kempes | Jérôme Golmard | 6–4 retired |
| 1999 | Not held | Not held | Not held |
| 1998 | Marcos Ondruska | Davide Sanguinetti | 4–6, 7–5, 7–6$^{(7–2)}$ |
| 1997 | Steven Randjelovic | Quino Muñoz | 4–6, 6–3, 6–0 |
| 1996 | Hernán Gumy | Karim Alami | 2–6, 6–2, 6–3 |
| 1995 | Jiří Novák | Félix Mantilla Botella | 6–1, 2–6, 6–2 |
| 1994 | Hernán Gumy | Francisco Montana | 6–4, 6–2 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2005 | Stephen Huss Johan Landsberg | Amir Hadad Harel Levy | 7–6$^{(7–4)}$, 6–1 |
| 2004 | Kornél Bardóczky Gergely Kisgyörgy | Daniele Bracciali Manuel Jorquera | 6–4, 6–2 |
| 2003 | Kornél Bardóczky Gergely Kisgyörgy | Thomas Blake Jason Marshall | 7–6$^{(7–4)}$, 6–0 |
| 2002 | Karol Beck Jaroslav Levinský | Mariano Hood Sebastián Prieto | 3–6, 6–4, 6–1 |
| 2001 | Daniel Melo Sergio Roitman | Jordan Kerr Damien Roberts | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 2000 | Thomas Shimada Myles Wakefield | Irakli Labadze Dinu Pescariu | 6–2, 3–6, 6–3 |
| 1999 | Not held | Not held | Not held |
| 1998 | Chris Haggard Paul Rosner | Diego del Río Grant Silcock | 6–4, 6–2 |
| 1997 | Nuno Marques Tom Vanhoudt | Aleksandar Kitinov Greg Van Emburgh | 2–6, 6–4, 6–3 |
| 1996 | Nuno Marques Tom Vanhoudt | Eyal Ran Laurence Tieleman | 6–4, 6–1 |
| 1995 | Pablo Albano Hendrik Jan Davids | Matt Lucena Rikard Bergh | 6–4, 6–4 |
| 1994 | Nuno Marques João Cunha e Silva | Gábor Köves László Markovits | 6–, 6–4, 7–6 |
# Renard I of Dampierre-en-Astenois

Renard I, also spelled Reynald, Raynald, Rainard or Renaud (died 1190/1), was the lord or count of Dampierre-le-Château in the Astenois and a vassal of the count of Champagne. He succeeded his father Henry sometime between 1161 and 1163.
In 1163, Count Henry I of Champagne made himself a hostage of the German emperor Frederick I on behalf of his lord, King Louis VII of France. When Louis did not appear for a scheduled meeting, Henry was forced to do homage to Frederick for several castles, including Dampierre, that lay along the Franco-German border. This had the result of placing Renard's lordship in Germany, and the border thus ran through the county of Champagne. Afterwards, Louis VII claimed that Henry's cession had been unauthorised, but it was not reversed.
Also in 1163, Pope Alexander III issued a bull confirming the acquisitions of the monastery of Monthiers-en-Argonne. Included among them was the donation of Bouillemont (now part of Rapsécourt) by Guillaume de Sommièvre and his sons and daughters, which had been confirmed by Renard as Guillaume's lord. The pope refers to Renard as a count and not merely a lord. Renard also stood as surety for the priory of Saint-Martin-des-Champs when the prior donated a rent to the abbey of Monthiers.
Renard was married sometime before 1163 to one Euphemia, with whom he had two sons: Renard II, who succeeded him, and Henry. They also had a daughter named Marie.
In 1172, Renard appeared in the first edition of the Feoda Campaniae, a list of all the fiefs of the county of Champagne. He was listed as a liegeman in the castellany of Vitry.
# Cryptocheiridium australicum

Cryptocheiridium australicum is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Cheiridiidae family. It was described in 1969 by Austrian arachnologist Max Beier.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in south-east Western Australia. The type locality is Murra El Elevyn Cave, near Cocklebiddy on the Nullarbor Plain.

## Behaviour

The pseudoscorpions are cave-dwelling, terrestrial predators.
# Carex polysticha

Carex polysticha is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to parts of Central America and South America.
# List of World Heritage Sites in Comoros

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage as described in the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972. Comoros accepted the convention, making its historical sites eligible for inclusion on the list. As 2024 Comoros has no World Heritage Sites, although there are four proposed sites in the Tentative List.

## Tentative List

| Site | Location | Criteria | Year of submission |
| Marine Ecosystems in the Comoros Archipelago | Mwali, Ngazidja, Ndzwani 12°10′00″S 43°46′00″E﻿ / ﻿12.166667°S 43.766667°E﻿ / -12.166667; 43.766667﻿ (Marine Ecosystems in the Comoros Archipelago) | Natural (ix) (x) | 2007 |
| Terrestrial Ecosystems and Cultural Landscape in the Comoros Archipelago | Mwali, Ngazidja, Ndzwani 11°45′37″S 43°21′11″E﻿ / ﻿11.76028°S 43.35306°E﻿ / -11.76028; 43.35306﻿ (Terrestrial Ecosystems and Cultural Landscape in the Comoros Archipelago) | Mixed (v) (viii) (ix) (x) | 2007 |
| Historical Sultanates of the Comoros | Ngazidja, Ndzwani 11°41′S 43°16′E﻿ / ﻿11.69°S 43.26°E﻿ / -11.69; 43.26﻿ (Historical Sultanates of the Comoros) | Cultural (ii) (iv) (v) | 2007 |
| Cultural landscape of the Perfume Plantations of the Islands of the Moon | Ndzwani 12°12′54″S 44°25′30″E﻿ / ﻿12.215°S 44.425°E﻿ / -12.215; 44.425﻿ (Cultural landscape of the Perfume Plantations of the Islands of the Moon) | Cultural (ii) (iv) (v) | 2007 |
# Edmé Quenedey des Ricets

Edmé Quenedey des Ricets (sometimes Edmé Quenedey) (born Riceys-le-Haut, December 17, 1756 – died Paris, February 16, 1830) was a French painter and engraver, known most especially for his miniatures. One of a family of eight children, he was initially destined for the priesthood, but studied instead at Dijon; he began his career as a restorer of pictures. Upon the invention of the physionotrace by Gilles-Louis Chrétien they cooperated for making portraits. In 1789 he began for himself. With his wife, Marie-Madeleine Pella, he had two children, Adèle and Aglaë; the latter later became an assistant to his father.
# David Harvey (luthier)

David Harvey is an American bluegrass mandolin player and luthier, responsible for the mandolins, banjos, and dobros produced by Gibson.

## Musical career

Harvey is the son of Dorsey Harvey, a mandolin player who played with Red Allen and Frank Wakefield; David Harvey grew up playing mandolin, fiddle, and guitar, and is often referred to as a "mandolin virtuoso." At age 14, he started touring with Allen, and in the late seventies became a member of Larry Sparks's The Lonesome Ramblers. In the eighties, he formed The Wild and Blue Band with his wife, Jan, and her sister, Jill Snider, playing bluegrass festivals and recording; they were given the "Best New Band" award by the Society for the Preservation of Bluegrass Music in 1992.
From 2002 to 2007 he toured with Claire Lynch,. In 2004 Harvey produced and played on a tribute to The Moody Blues, Moody Bluegrass: A Nashville Tribute to The Moody Blues, which featured artists like Alison Krauss and John Cowan. He also produced and performed on the follow-on album, Moody Bluegrass TWO... Much Love, released in 2011. In 2004, he performed with Larry Cordle on Murder on Music Row, which spawned the hit single "Murder on Music Row" (recorded by George Strait and Alan Jackson).

## Master Luthier

Harvey began learning the trade from John Ramsey, at The Folklore Center in Colorado Springs in the late seventies. In the nineties, having moved to Nashville, Tennessee, he worked at various places including The Violin Shop and National Guitar Repair, run by Charlie Derrington; Derrington took a job with Gibson, and soon asked Harvey to join him.
At Gibson, Harvey is the master luthier who oversees and approves their production of mandolins, banjos, and dobros. He is also responsible for the limited edition Jam Master and Master Models, which includes a signature Ricky Skaggs model.
# Encephalartos munchii

Encephalartos munchii is a perennial species of cycad in Africa. In English, the species goes by the common name Munch's cycad.

## Description

This cycad is tree-like, dioecious, growing up to 1 meter tall and 30 centimeters wide, often with additional stems sprouting from its base. Its pinnate leaves, located in a cluster at the top of the stem, are 1–1.3 meters long, supported by a 15-20 centimeter petiole, and made up of many pairs of lance-shaped, leathery green leaves, each about 15–20 centimeters long, with a spiny edge and a sharp tip. This species has separate male and female plants. Male plants have 1 to 6 upright, slightly cylindrical cones, 40–65 centimeters long and 7–9 centimeters wide, in a jade green color. Female plants have solitary cylindrical to oval cones, 30–50 centimeters long and 16–20 centimeters wide, ranging in color from glaucous green to jade green. The seeds are roughly oval, 2.5-3.5 centimeters long, and covered with a bright red sarcotesta.
# Commissioners of Woods and Forests

The Commissioners of Woods, Forests and Land Revenues were established in the United Kingdom in 1810 by merging the former offices of Surveyor General of Woods, Forests, Parks, and Chases and Surveyor General of the Land Revenues of the Crown into a three-man commission. The name of the commission was changed in 1832 to the Commissioners of Woods, Forests, Land Revenues, Works and Buildings.
The hereditary land revenues of the Crown in Scotland, formerly under the management of the Barons of the Exchequer, were transferred to the Commissioners of Woods, Forests, Land Revenues, Works and Buildings and their successors under the Crown Lands (Scotland) Acts of 1832, 1833 and 1835.
The Crown Lands Act 1851 replaced the Commissioners with two separate commissions, the Commissioners of Works and Public Buildings and the Commissioners of Woods, Forests and Land Revenues dividing between them the public and the commercial functions of the Crown lands.

## Commissioners of Woods and Forests, 1810-1851

First Commissioners are followed by the names of their co-commissioners
| Name | Entered office | Left office |
| Sylvester Douglas, 1st Baron Glenbervie - William Dacres Adams - Henry Dawkins | 1810 | 1814 |
| William Huskisson - William Dacres Adams - Henry Dawkins | 1814 | 1823 |
| Charles Arbuthnot - William Dacres Adams - Henry Dawkins | 1823 | 1827 |
| George Howard, 6th Earl of Carlisle - William Dacres Adams - Henry Dawkins | 1827 | 1827 |
| William Sturges Bourne - William Dacres Adams - Henry Dawkins | 1827 | 1828 |
| Charles Arbuthnot - William Dacres Adams - Henry Dawkins | 1828 | 1828 |
| William Lowther, 2nd Earl of Lonsdale - William Dacres Adams - Henry Dawkins | 1828 | 1830 |
| George Agar-Ellis - William Dacres Adams - Henry Dawkins | 1830 | 1831 |
| John Ponsonby, Viscount Duncannon - William Dacres Adams - Henry Dawkins - Sir Benjamin C. Stephenson (replaced Dawkins) | 1831 | 1834 |
| Sir John Hobhouse - William Dacres Adams - Sir Benjamin C. Stephenson | 1834 | 1834 |
| Lord Granville Somerset - Sir Benjamin C. Stephenson - Alexander Milne - Charles Henry Somerset | 1834 | 1835 |
| John Ponsonby, Viscount Duncannon - Sir Benjamin C. Stephenson - Alexander Milne | 1835 | 1841 |
| Henry Pelham-Clinton, Earl of Lincoln - Alexander Milne - Hon. Charles Alexander Gore | 1841 | 1846 |
| Charles Canning, 2nd Viscount Canning - Alexander Milne - Hon. Charles Alexander Gore | 1846 | 1846 |
| George Howard, Viscount Morpeth - Alexander Milne - Hon. Charles Alexander Gore | 1846 | 1850 |
| Edward Seymour, Lord Seymour - Alexander Milne - Hon. Charles Alexander Gore - Thomas Francis Kennedy (replaced Milne) | 1850 | 1851 |
# Renard Islands

The Renard Islands are an archipelago in the Solomon Sea . Administratively they belong to Milne Bay Province in the southeastern region of Papua New Guinea.

## History

The islands were encountered by the French explorer Antoine Bruni d'Entrecasteaux on 13 June 1793 and he named them îles Renard.
American artillery batteries were placed on the islands during World War II.

## Geography

The Renard Islands are located in the north of Louisiade Archipelago, 21 km (13 mi) north of the barrier reef of Vanatinai and 19 km (12 mi) southeast of Misima. The small Manuga Reef, which is located 19 km southeast of Renard Islands, is part of the Renard Ward. The Renard Islands are located on a 21 by 6 km (13 by 3.7 mi) wide sandbank in a rectangular shape. The largest islands in the group are Kimuta (286 ha; 710 acres), Niva Beno (49 ha; 120 acres) and Oreia (47 ha; 120 acres). Kimuta Island is 5.9 kilometers (3.7 mi) long, with widths averaging at 550 meters (1,800 ft). The hilly island rises up to 84 meters (276 ft) above the sea level. The islands of Niva Beno and Topuna are lying east of Kimuta. Bagaium is a tiny island (less than one hectare (2.5 acres)) about 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) southwest of Kimuta. On the northwest side of the bank several reefs including the islands Baiwa (17 ha; 42 acres), Pana Wadai (1 ha; 2.5 acres) and Pana Roran (6 ha; 15 acres). On the southeast side of the sandbank are the islands of Oreia (5.5 km (3.4 mi) southeast of Kimuta) and Epoko (4 ha (9.9 acres), 13 km (8.1 mi) southeast of Kimuta). Both islands are located in the center of small reef lagoon.

## Population

According to the 2014 census, the island group had 617 inhabitants, spread over two villages on the main island Kimuta: Awa (345, in the east) Atuatua (272 in the West) Several sources claim that there is a family from Kimuta that actually lives yearly on the island of Niva Beno.
# Mungo McKay

Mungo McKay (born 22 January 1971) is an Australian actor.
Mungo McKay was born in Brisbane in 1971. McKay is the third son to Margaret and Desmond and the second brother to Brett and David. Mungo studied at the Queensland Academy of Dramatic Arts and became a film actor. He is mostly known for his role as Marion in the 2003 Australian film Undead. He also played a minor role as the bartender in Disney's direct-to-video feature film, Inspector Gadget 2.

## Filmography

* Daybreakers (2010) .... Colin Briggs
* Through My Eyes (2004) .... Juror 2
* Inspector Gadget 2 (2003) .... Bartender
* Undead (2003) .... Marion
* BeastMaster .... Head Guard (The Island 1999 TV Episode )
# Companion Wanted

Companion Wanted (French: Paris-Méditerranée) is a 1932 French comedy film directed by Joe May and starring Jean Murat, Annabella and José Noguéro. A separate German version Two in a Car was made, also directed by May.

## Cast

* Jean Murat as Lord Kingdale
* Annabella as Solange Pascaud
* José Noguéro as Antonio Mirasol
* Louis Florencie as Benoit
* Frédéric Duvallès as Anatole Biscotte
* Pierre Finaly as L'aubergiste
* Henri Richard
* Émile Riandreys
* Georges Tréville
* Charles Dechamps
* Louis Lorsy as Hotel Receptionist
* Christiane Tourneur
* Gaby Morlay
* Louis Verneuil
# David Pisonero

David Pisonero Nieto (born 10 April 1973) is a former Spanish handball player.
He developed his career in the pivot position.

## Career

David Pisonero developed his career as a player from 1990 to 2003. From 2017 he retired and continued as a coach.

### As a player

* BM Valladolid: 1990–1995
* CB Cantabria: 1995–1997
* CB Ademar León: 1997–1998
* BM Valladolid: 1998–2003

### As a coach

* Recoletas Atlético Valladolid: 2017–2019
* RK Vardar: 2019
* RK Vardar (assistant): 2019
* Recoletas Atlético Valladolid: 2020–

## Honors

* Copa ASOBAL (2): 1996, 2002
* IHF Super Globe (1): 1997
# Mitchell Creek

Mitchell Creek may refer to:
* Mitchell Creek (Tunitas Creek), a stream in California
* Mitchell Creek (South Dakota), a stream in South Dakota
* Mitch Creek, professional basketball player