OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Backhousia subargentea

Backhousia subargentea (syn. Choricarpia subargentea) is a rare Australian rainforest tree, growing near Mullumbimby in northeastern New South Wales and from Boonah to Imbil in southeastern Queensland.
Common names include giant ironwood, ironwood box, scrub ironwood and lancewood. The New South Wales habitat of Backhousia subargentea is dry rainforest thickets on hillsides near Mullumbimby. It grows in association with the shatterwood and wild quince.

## Description

Backhousia subargentea is a small to medium tree, occasionally reaching 30 metres in height. However, it is much smaller in New South Wales, reaching only 8 m high and with a stem diameter of 20 cm. The trunk is often multi-stemmed and crooked, not cylindrical in cross-section, with some buttressing at the base.
The trunk can be smooth and glossy, of an attractive orange-brown or pinkish mauve colour, or green where bark has recently been shed. At other times, the bark sheds irregularly resulting in a mottled trunk, similar to the spotted gum and the leopardwood.
The leaves are opposite, simple and entire, lanceolate or broad with a fine leaf tip, around 4 to 8 cm long. The leaves are glossy dark green above, and greyish fawn below. Crushed leaves have a familiar eucalyptus scent. (Both plants being dry fruited myrtles). Oil dots are evident when viewed with a magnifying glass. The midrib and lateral leaf venation is only visible on the top surface. An intramarginal vein surrounds the leaf, about 2 mm from the edge. Leaf stalks are 5 to 10 mm long, with scaly matter on the stalk.
Flowers are white, densely together in globular heads, 5 to 8 mm long, appearing in April. The fruit matures around six months later as a small dry capsule, 5 mm in diameter on a stalk 6 to 10 mm long.

## Uses

If not so rare, it could possibly be used as an ornamental tree.
# Backhousia enata

Backhousia enata is a flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae, native to Northeastern Queensland.
It is a multi-stemmed large shrub or tree with rough grey-brown bark on the main trunk. The leaves are glossy and can have a strong aroma that can be described as a menthol smell. It has white flowers arranged in groups of three to six individual flowers.
# Auto Stop

Auto Stop is a 1965 British television play.
The play aired on American television in 1968.

## Plot

A young man tries to impress a woman across Europe.

## Cast

* Delphi Lawrence as Federika
* David Hemmings as Henry
* Kevin Stoney as Marcello
* Janice Dinnen as Moya
* Hal Hamilton as Jed

## Reception

According to one critic " The frequent use of slang may have added to the contemporary feel of the play at the time, and the sexual frankness of the script is often surprising, most notably when Henry attends a party hosted by a gay film producer in Rome."
# Aurelia cebimarensis

Aurelia cebimarensis is a species of true jellyfish in the family Ulmaridae. It is known via type specimens found in waters off the coast of Brazil.

## Etymology

The genus name is derived from the Latin name Aurelia, which in turn is derived from aureus, meaning "golden". The specific epithet is derived from the Centro de Biologia Marinha (Center of Marine Biology) of the University of São Paulo (CEBIMar); CEBIMar, along with being an international reference for marine biology studies, is located exactly where the type specimens of Aurelia cebimarensis were collected.
# Aurelia Vélez Sársfield

Aurelia Vélez Sarsfield (8 June 1836 — 6 December 1924) was an Argentine writer.

## Biography

Aurelia Vélez Sarsfield was born in Buenos Aires on 8 June 1836, the second daughter of the legislator Dalmacio Vélez Sársfield. Her mother was Manuela Velázquez Piñero. From her early years, she received a good education. This, coupled with the teachings of her father, led her to become a secretary, which assisted her when drafting of the Código Civil de Argentina of 1869. At the age of seventeen, in 1857, she married her cousin, Dr. Pedro Ortiz Vélez, who was the son of the secretary of Facundo Quiroga. Their marriage lasted only a few months, due to her infidelity. After the breakup, Sarsfield returned to her parents home. The separation of Domingo Faustino Sarmiento and his wife, Benita Martínez Pastoriza, occurred when Benita discovered correspondence between her husband and Sarsfield. This would be known as "complemento espiritual para este". Later, Sarsfield worked on Sarmiento's candidacy for the presidency, while she was in the United States. Sarmiento died on 11 September 1888. In the following years, Sarsfield traveled through Europe, Egypt and Palestine, returning to Argentina 20 years later. She published works that were important sources the political era through which the country passed. She died on 6 December 1924 in Buenos Aires, and was buried on December 7, 1924.
# Ba West (Indian Communal Constituency, Fiji)

Ba West Indian Communal is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 19 communal constituencies reserved for Indo-Fijians. Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. (Of the remaining 52 seats, 27 were reserved for other ethnic communities and 25, called Open Constituencies, were elected by universal suffrage). The electorate covered the western part of Ba Province.
The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

## Election results

In the following tables, the primary vote refers to first-preference votes cast. The final vote refers to the final tally after votes for low-polling candidates have been progressively redistributed to other candidates according to pre-arranged electoral agreements (see electoral fusion), which may be customized by the voters (see instant run-off voting).

### 1999

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Ami Chand | Labour | 5,545 | 65.58 |
| | Vinod Patel | NFP | 2,910 | 34.42 |
| Total | Total | Total | 8,455 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 8,455 | – |
| | Labour win | Labour win | Labour win | Labour win |

### 2001

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Gaffar Ahmed | Labour | 5,538 | 70.56 |
| | Vinod Patel | NFP | 2,164 | 27.57 |
| | Keshwan Nair | NLUP | 147 | 1.87 |
| Total | Total | Total | 7,849 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 7,849 | – |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Labour hold | Labour hold |

### 2006

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Narendra Padarath | Labour | 7,229 | 87.32 |
| | Farouk Janeman | NFP | 870 | 10.51 |
| | Maden Sen | SDL | 180 | 2.17 |
| Total | Total | Total | 8,279 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 8,279 | – |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Labour hold | Labour hold |

## Sources

* Psephos - Adam Carr's electoral archive
* Fiji Facts
# Ba Xuyen

The Ba Xuyen is a breed of domestic pig from South Vietnam, specifically the Mekong Delta. It is a spotted black and white pig with white feet. It was bred from a cross between a Berkshire and a Boxu from 1932 to 1956.

## Description

The average size of the breed is 100 kilograms by the time they reach one year old, having a "backfat thickness of 42 mm." When breeding, around 8 piglets are born in every litter. Its skin color consists of black patches on white to pinkish skin. Its teeth are coated with enamel, which is similar to human teeth.
# Back Up Buddy

"Back Up Buddy" is a song written by Boudleaux Bryant, sung by Carl Smith, and released on the Columbia label (catalog no. 21226). In May 1954, it peaked at No. 2 on the Billboard country and western chart. It was also ranked No. 17 on Billboard's 1954 year-end country and western retail chart.
# Australian state and territory colours

In Australia, state and territory colours are frequently part of a state or territory's set of state symbols.
Some states have formally adopted a set of colours as their official "state colours" while others have de facto state colours that have become well-known through popular use. State colours often appear on a variety of different media, from the state's flag to the colours used in sports. In particular the Sheffield Shield team caps popularised the usage of single colours to represent each state. The colours of state schools have been synonymous with states, whereby you find Queensland Public Schools are primarily Maroon, New South Wales Public Schools are primarily Sky Blue, and Western Australian Public Schools are Bottle Green. This does not come without exception however.
| State/territory name | Current population | Main colour | Secondary colours | Further information |
| Australian Capital Territory | 454,499 | Blue | Gold and White | see Sport in Australian Capital Territory |
| New South Wales | 8,072,163 | Sky Blue | Navy Blue and White | see Sport in New South Wales |
| Northern Territory | 232,605 | Red Ochre | Black and White | see Sport in Northern Territory |
| Queensland | 5,156,138 | Maroon | White and Gold | see Symbols of Queensland |
| South Australia | 1,781,516 | Red | Gold and Dark Blue | see Sport in South Australia |
| Tasmania | 557,571 | Bottle Green | Yellow and Maroon | see Sport in Tasmania |
| Victoria | 6,503,491 | Navy Blue | Silver and White | see Sport in Victoria |
| Western Australia | 2,660,026 | Gold | Black and White | see Sport in Western Australia |
# Baccharis klattii

Baccharis klattii is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae that is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Autocharis arida

Autocharis arida is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Wolfram Mey in 2011. It is found in South Africa and Namibia.
# Austromelanelixia

Austromelanelixia is a genus of five species of foliose lichens in the family Parmeliaceae. All species are found in the Southern Hemisphere.

## Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed in 2017 to accommodate a clade of Southern Hemisphere species formerly placed in genus Melanelixia. Although they were not included in the original circumscription of Melanelixia, they were later added by virtue of their sister-group relationship to other Melanelixia species. Austromelanelixia appears to have been accepted as a valid genus by later lichenologists and has been included in recent updates of fungal classification.

## Description

Austromelanelixia species have a foliose thallus with an upper surface that ranges in colour from olive-green to dark brown. There is often hyaline cortical hairs on lobe apices or isidial tip, and it is spotted or stained (maculate) particularly on the margins of the lobes. Pseudocyphellae are not present. The upper cortex is covered by a pored (fenestrate) epicortex. Ascospores are ellipsoid, colourless, simple, with dimensions of 10–18 by 7–10 μm. The conidia are bifusiform, hyaline, and measure 5–7 by l μm. The medulla contains gyrophoric acid.

## Habitat and distribution

All Austromelanelixia species are found in the Southern Hemisphere. They grow on bark (rarely on rock) in eastern and southeastern Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand. Austromelanelixia subglabra is also found in southern South America.

## Species

* Austromelanelixia calva (Essl.) Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (2017)
* Austromelanelixia fuscosorediata (Essl.) Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (2017)
* Austromelanelixia glabratuloides (Essl.) Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (2017)
* Austromelanelixia piliferella (Essl.) Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (2017)
* Austromelanelixia subglabra (Räsänen) Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (2017)
# Austromerope poultoni

Austromerope poultoni is one of only two representatives of the genus Austromerope (the other is the South American Austromerope brasiliensis), and the only member of the family Meropeidae in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is endemic to Western Australia, typically around 20mm long, with large forceps-like structures at the tail and two pairs of wings. Only adults and eggs from captured adults are known – no larval stage has been seen. It is found in a variety of habitats, including woodland, jarrah forest, and sand plain vegetation.
# Badshahi Road

The Badshahi Road (Imperial Road) is historically one of the most important roads in Bengal. It might be as old as 300 BC This Badshahi road became most prominent connecting road from Maldah (Gour) through Murshidabad to Puri (Orissa) during Mughal period. One can trace a great deal of history along this road. The wide raised road with Masjids (mosques) on every eight miles & the big ponds (dighi) remind the prosperous Mughal time in history. It was the main road for Hindus from North India and Bengal who travelled to the Jagannath Temple in Puri, Orissa which happened to be one of the four main centres organized by Adi Shankara (788-820CE). After Chaitanya (1486–1533) and his followers spread the Bhakti movement of Vaishnavism sect throughout Bengal, the traffic of Bengali pilgrimage going south to Puri and north-west to Vrindavan on the road increased further.
# Auzata semipavonaria

Auzata semipavonaria is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1862. It is found in northern India.
The wingspan is 38–51 mm (1.5–2.0 in) for males and 45–51 mm (1.8–2.0 in) for females.
# Baghdati Municipality

Baghdati (Georgian: ბაღდათის მუნიციპალიტეტი) is a district of Georgia, in the region of Imereti. Its main town is Baghdati. It has a population of 21 582 (2014 census) and an area of 815 km$^2$ (315 sq mi). In Baghdati municipality there is one city and 25 villages. The center of the municipality is 25 kilometers away from the city of Kutaisi

## Etymology

According to one version, the name Baghdati is derived from the Old Persian language. Its correct form is Baghdad. On April 14, 1940, in Baghdad 10 years after the death of Vladimir Mayakovsky, Baghdad was changed as an administrative unit and renamed Mayakovsky, which it held until the late 1990s. it was later reinstated to his old name.

## History

According to the available data, the name Baghdati is first mentioned in historical sources in the early 18th century. It was here that the fortress of Baghdad was built by the ottomans. Earlier, this place was called Tkhmeli Castle. The oldest place in the territory of Baghdati municipality is the village of Dimi, where the first king of Georgia, Parnavaz established a supervisory fortification building.

## Politics

Baghdati Municipal Assembly (Georgian: ბაღდათის საკრებულო) is a representative body in Baghdati Municipality, consisting of 27 members and elected every four years. The last election was held in October 2021.
| Party | Party | 2017 | 2021 |
| | Georgian Dream | 23 | 18 |
| | United National Movement | 3 | 7 |
| | For Georgia | | 1 |
| | Lelo | | 1 |
| | European Georgia | 2 | |
| | Alliance of Patriots | 1 | |
| Total | Total | 29 | 27 |

## Notable natives

Many famous people were born in Baghdad, among whom are especially noteworthy: the founder of Russian avant-garde, famous artist, actor, screenwriter and playwright Vladimir Mayakovsky, composer Rezo Laghidze, academician Albert Tavkhelidze, Director Rezo Chkheidze, professor of psychiatry and musician Zurab Chikovani, conductor Jansug Kakhidze, writer and critic Jansug Gvinjilia, poet Zaal Ebanoidze, academician in the field of metallurgy Guram Kashakashvili and others.

## Gallery

* Chalis eklesia
* Tsitelkhevi mountains
* Stone Column
* The river Khanistsqali
# Autogamy depression

Autogamy depression can be defined as the "lowered viability of autogamous progeny relative to geitonogamous progeny". Viability has also been evaluated in terms of percent fruit set or seed set rather than reproductive fitness of the progeny. The experimental design for observing the occurrence of autogamy depression is called an "autogamy depression test" which has been described by researchers as analogous to a test for inbreeding depression. The ability for fitness of autogamous progeny to differ from geitonogamous progeny comes from the understanding that plants can accumulate heritable mutational variation through both mitotic division and meiotic division. Because plants have indeterminate growth, the apical meristems that contribute to the development of the reproductive structures of a plant have the potential to undergo continual mitosis resulting in the accumulation of somatic mutations (acquired mutations). It has been demonstrated through research that long lived plants can have higher per generation mutation rate (based on occurrences of more mitotic cell divisions compared to short lived plants). Any deleterious mutations that appear during mitotic growth are filtered out through cell lineage selection, in which deleterious mutations that are subject to developmental selection during mitotic growth are replaced by vigorous cell lineages, however, somatic mutations that are not expressed will not be subject to selection during growth of the plant and will accumulate in the apical meristem.

## Phenotypic effects of somatic mutations

There is evidence of the phenotypic effects of somatic mutations in increased chlorophyll mutants of some long-lived plants. Chlorophyll mutants are inherently easy to observe because of the phenotypic effects of the chlorophyll mutations. Because of the highly conserved nature of photosynthetic processes, these chlorophyll mutation rates can be generalized to most angiosperms. Somatic mutations accumulating during vegetative growth have also been found to affect the fitness of seedlings in the next generation.

## Expectations of autogamy depression test

Individual crowns are treated as "independent mitotic mutation-accumulation lines" and so the appearance of deleterious somatic mutations in the autogamous crosses will be heterozygous or homozygous at the same locus (~25% homozygous) and the appearance of deleterious somatic mutations in the geitonogamous crosses will be heterozygous. The autogamy depression can be calculated through the simple equation AD = 1 − (w$_a$/w$_g$), where AD is the autogamy depression, w$_a$ is the fitness of the autogamous progeny and w$_g$ is the fitness of the geitonogamous progeny. When the fitnesses are equal the AD is 0. The difference can be calculated by the equation D = w$_g$ − w$_{a.}$
# Aurora Airport

Aurora Airport may refer to:
* Aurora Municipal Airport (Illinois) in Aurora, Illinois, United States (FAA: ARR, IATA: AUZ)
* Aurora Municipal Airport (Nebraska) or Al Potter Field in Aurora, Nebraska, United States (FAA: AUH)
* Aurora State Airport in Aurora, Oregon, United States (FAA: UAO)
* Jerry Sumners Sr. Aurora Municipal Airport in Aurora, Missouri, United States (FAA: 2H2)
* La Aurora International Airport in Guatemala City, Guatemala (IATA: GUA, ICAO: MGGT)

## Airports in places named Aurora

* Buckley Space Force Base in Aurora, Colorado, United States (FAA/IATA: BKF)
* Aurora Airpark, former airport in Aurora, Colorado
# Aurora Altisent

Aurora Altisent i Balmas (2 December 1928 – 8 June 2022) was a Spanish painter, draftsman and sculptor.

## Biography

Altisent began her artistic training with her mother Carme Balmas and later, with painters Ángel López-Obrero (1946) and Ramon Rogent (1951-1958). In 1948, she participated in numerous collective exhibitions. In 1956, she had her first individual exhibition, at the Galeries Laietanes in Barcelona. She presented her works, all of them within figuration, which already show the characteristics that were habitual in her artistic production. She evolved towards a difficult simplicity in forms, just as the line acquires prominence. In sculpture, a discipline that she practiced less frequently, she emphasized volumes and rounded masses, eliminating details.

## Illustration

From 1972, Altisent used drawing, with a very refined line, almost exclusively, to give expression to her new aesthetic conception. She reproduced spaces in Barcelona in great detail, becoming a chronicler of what surrounds her. Her drawings, in her exhibitions at the Sala Gaudí in Barcelona, gave rise to the books Barcelona tendra and Botigues de Barcelona, with texts by Alexandre Cirici i Pellicer, and Salons de Barcelona with texts by Josep Maria Carandell, all designed by Tony Miserachs. They have subsequently been reissued and translated into Spanish and English.
As an illustrator, Altisent published in publishing houses La Galera, Tusquets Editores, Edicions 62, Editorial Teide, Editorial Onda, Ediciones Proa, Editorial Regàs, sd Ediciones, RqueR Editorial, Lunwerg and Editorial Lumen.
# Bahamas at the 1991 Pan American Games

The 11th Pan American Games were held in Havana, Cuba from August 2 to August 18, 1991.

## Medals
### Silver
##### Athletics

* Men's High Jump: Troy Kemp

### Bronze
##### Athletics

* Men's Triple Jump: Wendell Lawrence
# Balana (disambiguation)

Balana is a village in Central Province, Sri Lanka.
Balana may also refer to:
* Bălana, a right tributary of the river Ghighiu in Romania
* Balana fort, fort built by the Kingdom of Kandy near Alagalla Mountain Range, Sri Lanka
* Ballon, County Carlow, Ireland, a village
# Awoingt

Awoingt (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It is 4 km (2.5 mi) southeast of the centre of Cambrai.

## Heraldry

| Arms of Awoingt | The arms of Awoingt are blazoned : Argent, on a bend azure, 3 escallops bendwise Or. (Awoingt and Montrécourt use the same arms.) |
# Avik Chowdhury

Avik Chowdhury (born 16 November 1984) is an Indian former cricketer. He played seven first-class matches for Bengal in 2008.
# Avikam language

Avikam is one of the Lagoon languages of Ivory Coast, spoken in Grand Lahou Département, Avikam Canton, South Department. It is a Kwa language, closely related to Alladian, but other than that its position is unclear.

## Phonology

Above is the consonant chart and below is the vowel chart.
| | Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | labiovelars |
| Nasal | [m] | [n] | [ɲ] | [ŋ] | |
| Plosive | p b | t d | C ɟ | k ɡ | kp gb |
| Sonorants | ɓ | l | J | Y | w |
| Fricative | f v | s z | [ʒ] | | |
| | +ATR | +ATR | -ATR | -ATR | | | +ATR | +ATR | -ATR | -ATR |
| | oral | nas. | oral | nas. | oral | nas. | oral | nas. | oral | nas |
| High | i | ĩ | ɪ | | | | u | ũ | ʊ | |
| Mid | e | | ɛ | ɛ̃ | | | o | | ɔ | ɔ̃ |
| Low | | | | | a | ã | | | | |
# Balangoda Divisional Secretariat

Balangoda Divisional Secretariat is a Divisional Secretariat of Ratnapura District, of Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka.