OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Clarión wren

The Clarión wren (Troglodytes tanneri) is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is endemic to Clarión Island off Pacific Mexico.
It looks much like a house wren but is larger with a prominently longer bill, somewhat approaching the Carolina wren in form.
Its natural habitats are the less arid patches of shrubland, notably thickets of Ipomoea halierca morning glory. It also appears to occur in the garrison buildings and garden at Sulfur Bay, but usually avoids the rocky shores and other exposed areas. In dense undergrowth, territories are some 10 meters (30–40 ft) in diameter.
In late March 1953, males were found to be singing and threatening intruding competitors. Egg laying takes place between mid-March and mid-April.
The eggs are similar to those of the house wren, but larger and more elongated. They measure approximately 20×14 mm and also are colored basically like those of house wrens but with fewer and crisper markings noticeably denser at the blunt end.
# Malawian English

Malawian English is the English language as spoken in Malawi. English is the country's official language.

## Introduction

English was introduced into Malawi towards the end of the 19th century, due to the influence of British explorers, missionaries, the arrival of the African Lakes Corporation, and colonial administrators present since the establishment in the 1890s of the British Central Africa Protectorate. The seventy years of British colonial rule that followed the Scramble for Africa, set the groundwork for English to grow into the area's dominant and most socially prestigious language.

## Dominance

Since Malawian independence, the dominance of English has continued:
* official government records are written in English,
* parliament conducts its deliberations in English,
* the laws of Malawi are written in English,
* progression into secondary and higher education requires certification of competence in English,
* nearly all Malawian newspapers are published in English (though some include small Chichewa supplements),
* English remains the language of commerce in the country.
This remains true despite a large majority of Malawians speaking Chichewa and the small number of English speakers outside urban centres. Also, in Malawian government schools, students are taught in Chichewa, and learn English as a second language from about age 10. But in international schools in Malawi (like Saint Andrew's International High School in Blantyre) which follow the British curriculum, English is the language students are taught in, and do not learn Chichewa at all, as it is regarded as a local language.

## Replacement of local vocabulary

English words are replacing their equivalents in other Malawi languages. One study of a corpus of Chichewa discourse captured over a ten-year period found that references to numbers greater than 3 were exclusively in English, at least in urban areas.

## Non-linguistic expressions

Malawian English features some non-linguistic expressions that are still used, such as "eesh!", an exclamation meaning "oh my!"
# Malawian Americans

Malawian Americans are Americans of Malawian descent. According to answers provided to an open-ended question included in the 2000 census, 631 people said that their ancestry or ethnic origin was Malawian.

## Demography

The Malawian diaspora mainly consists of academics, small business owners, medical professionals, and laborers. Malawian immigrants to the United States rank in the top five in terms of educational attainment, with 83 percent of Malawians having reported at least a high school diploma or above. Malawians live in cities like Washington, D.C., and Seattle, Washington.

## Home Country Associations

Malawians in the U.S. have organized local associations to promote and preserve the Malawian cultural heritage. The Malawi Washington Association, which was organized in 1994 to promote and protect the interests of Malawians residing in the U.S. and Canada, is in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. Other organizations include the Friends of Malawi (FOM), which seeks to foster intercultural understanding between Malawians and supporters of FOM and provide small grants for worthy projects in Malawi, and the Malawi Seattle Association (MSA), which focuses on, among other things, promoting deep bonds within the community, supporting MSA members and their families during times of "difficulty and strife", and fostering opportunities for social gatherings.

## Notable people

* Masauko Chipembere Jr, musician
* Mwiza Munthali, activist
* Teebs, music producer
* James Thindwa, activist
# California State Poetry Society

The California State Poetry Society (CSPS) is a non-profit state-level poetry association in the U.S. state of California, affiliated with the National Federation of State Poetry Societies. The organization promotes poetry, conducts monthly and annual contests, organizes periodic conferences, and awards an annual Pushcart Prize for outstanding work published in the California Quarterly journal.

## History

The California State Poetry Society was established in 1971 by a group of poets who met on the beach near the San Luis Obispo campus of the California Polytechnic State University. Nelle Fertig and Vivian Way Bonine were members of NFSPS and recommended establishing a chapter affiliated with the national poetry organization. The constitution was approved on November 20, 1976, and the organization was incorporated as a 501(c)(3) California nonprofit corporation on August 14, 1985.
The Society's mission is to promote poetry and art in California and around the world, and donor generosity ensures the quality of its publications. CSPS is the official state organization representing California to the National Federation of State Poetry Societies (NFSPS).

## Activities

CSPS has published the California Quarterly journal since the fall of 1972, a quality poetry journal that accepts submissions from California poets and some from outside the state. Issues are normally 64 pages, perfect bound and with a glossy cover, and the archives of the journal are kept in the California State Library in Sacramento. The CSPS also publishes a Poetry Letter, the Strophes and Newsbriefs.
The organization conducts events, an annual contest and monthly contests, as well as organizing periodic conferences, and awards the annual Pushcart Prize for outstanding work published in the journal.
# Maldivian (horse)

Maldivian (foaled 20 October 2002) was a New Zealand bred Thoroughbred racemare, trained by Mark Kavanagh, who is notable for winning the 2008 Cox Plate and two other Group 1 races.
Sir Patrick & Lady Justine Hogan bred Maldivian from the American mare Shynzi, by the leading sire Zabeel. He was exported to Australia in April 2004.

## Racing record

Notable performances by Maldivian include:
* 1st in the 2007 Easter Cup (Group 3, Caulfield), beating Duoro Valley and Spinney
* 1st in the 2007 JRA Cup (listed race), beating Pacino and Master O'Reilly
* 1st in the 2007 Yalumba Stakes (Group 1), beating Miss Finland and Anamoto
* 1st in the 2008 Cox Plate (Group 1), beating Zipping and Samantha Miss
* 1st in the 2009 C F Orr Stakes (Group 1), beating Alamosa and Theseo.
Maldivian was the short priced favourite in the 2007 Caulfield Cup but was a late-scratching due to badly gashing his head in the barrier stalls.
Maldivian retired from racing after suffering a tendon injury during trackwork. He lived out his final years at Victoria's Cityview Farm.
Maldivian died in July 2021.
# Calothamnus gibbosus

Calothamnus gibbosus, commonly known as corky net-bush, is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. Its distinguishing characteristic is its corky bark in which the hypanthium of the flowers and much of the fruits is buried. Only the petals and stamens emerge from the bark. (In 2014 Craven, Edwards and Cowley proposed that the species be renamed Melaleuca protumida.)

## Description

Calothamnus gibbosus is an erect, spreading shrub growing to a height of about 1.5 metres (5 ft) with thick, corky bark. Its leaves are stiff, circular in cross section, mostly 30–80 millimetres (1–3 in) long and taper to a prickly point.
The flowers initially appear as warty growths on the branches. When they open, the flower cup (the hypanthium) is buried in the corky bark with only the petals and stamens extending beyond it. The petals surround 5 claw-like bundles of red stamens, each containing 7 to 11 stamens. Flowering occurs from May to December and is followed by fruits which are woody capsules, mostly buried within the corky bark.

## Taxonomy and naming

Calothamnus gibbosus was first formally described in 1867 by George Bentham from a specimen collected by James Drummond near the "Gardner River". The specific epithet (gibbosus) is a Latin word meaning "humped".

## Distribution and habitat

Calothamnus gibbosus occurs in the area between the Lort River and the Stirling Range and mostly at least 10 kilometres (6 mi) from the coast in the Esperance Plains and Mallee biogeographic region. It grows on sandy clay loams, sometimes over gravel or laterite.

## Conservation

This species is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife.
# Calothamnus gilesii

Calothamnus gilesii is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, usually compact shrub with fine, pine-like foliage and which produces cluster of red flowers from June to January. (In 2014 Craven, Edwards and Cowley proposed that the species be renamed Melaleuca gilesii.)

## Description

Calothamnus gilesii is an erect, or open, spreading shrub growing to a height of about 1.5 metres (4.9 ft). Its leaves are fine, circular in cross section and up to 120 millimetres (5 in) long tapering to a sharp point.
The flowers are bright red and arranged in small groups. The stamens are arranged in 5 claw-like bundles. Flowering occurs in late spring and summer and is followed by fruits which are woody capsules.

## Taxonomy and naming

Calothamnus gilesii was first formally described by Victorian Government Botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in 1876 in the tenth volume of Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. It is not clear whether the specific epithet (gilesii) honours Ernest Giles who conducted major expeditions in central Australia or Ernest Giles's friend, Christopher Giles, both of whom made collections for Mueller. Mueller noted that the collection was made by "Giles and Young".

## Distribution and habitat

Calothamnus gilesii is widespread in the drier areas of south-western Western Australia including the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Geraldton Sandplains, Great Victoria Desert, Mallee, Murchison, Nullarbor Plain and Yalgoo biogeographic regions. It grows on sandplains and stony ridges.

## Conservation

This species is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian government department of parks and wildlife.

## Use in horticulture

In cultivation, the species adapts well to harsh, hot situations. It tolerates some dryness and moderate frost.
# Calothamnus gracilis

Calothamnus gracilis is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub with upright foliage, common in heath within its range. It has long, thin leaves and produces dark red flowers at different times of the year, depending partly on rainfall. It is similar to Calothamnus gibbosus but lacks the corky bark on the older branches of that species and its flowers and fruit are not as deeply embedded in the bark. (In 2014 Craven, Edwards and Cowley proposed that the species be renamed Melaleuca gracilis.)

## Description

Calothamnus gracilis is a spreading shrub growing to a height of about 1.5 metres (4.9 ft). Its leaves are fine, circular in cross section and up to 80 millimetres (3 in) long tapering to a sharp point but because the leaves are so long, the plant is not prickly.
The flowers are bright red and arranged in small groups mostly on one side of the stems. The flower spikes are up to 80 millimetres (3 in) long and there are 5 sepals, petals and clawlike stamen bundles.

## Taxonomy and naming

Calothamnus gracilis was first formally described by Robert Brown in 1812 in William Aiton's Hortus Kewensis. The specific epithet (gracilis) is a Latin word meaning "slender", and possibly refers to the thin branches of this species compared to those of the otherwise similar Calothamnus gibbosus.

## Distribution and habitat

Calothamnus gracilis is widespread and common in the south of south-western Western Australia in the area between Albany and Esperance including in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest, Mallee and Warren biogeographic regions. It grows in sandy and gravelly soils in heath.

## Ecology

Calothamnus gracilis is an important food source for the tiny honey possum (Tarsipes rostratus). Research has been performed to evaluate the role of this possum in the spread of the plant pathogen, Phytophthora cinnamomi.

## Conservation

Calothamnus gracilis is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian government department of parks and wildlife.
# Calar Alto

Calar Alto is the highest peak (2168 m over sea level) in the Sierra de Los Filabres, a mountain subrange of the Sierra Nevada in Andalusia, Spain. It is also the highest peak in the said mountain subrange.
It hosts the Calar Alto astronomical observatory, which benefits from two aspects of the climate in the region: the dry atmosphere reduces the restrictions that atmospheric water vapor adds to the transmission characteristics of seeing through the atmosphere (see also the article Tabernas Desert), and the low number of cloudy nights adds nicely to the efficiency of observations through the year.
# Manadur

Manadur is a census town in Sangli district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Manadur had a population of 3920. Males constitute 48% of the population and females 52%. Manadur has an average literacy rate of 61%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 49%. In Manadur, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.
# California poppies

California poppies may refer to
* California Poppies, a British speedway team
* Eschscholzia, a genus of poppy, especially the species Eschscholzia californica
# Manala, Benin

Manala is a small town in the Zou Department of south-western Benin located 35 kilometres from Abomey. As of 2001 it had a population of 12,000. It covers an area of 135 km2 and the main language is French.
# Manalang

Manalang is a Filipino surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Angela Manalang-Gloria (1907–1995), Filipina writer
* Efren Manalang Reyes (born 1954), Filipino pool player
* Noli Principe Manalang (born 1980), Filipino painter
# Mallinger

Mallinger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* John Mallinger (born 1979), American golfer
* Mathilde Mallinger (1847–1920), Croatian opera singer
* Pat Mallinger (born 1964), American musician, composer, and bandleader
# Bernheim Original

Bernheim Original is a wheat whiskey produced in Bardstown, Kentucky by Heaven Hill Distilleries. It is sold in glass in 16 oz pint bottles, glass 750ml bottles, glass 1-liter bottles.
# Bernard Griffiths

Bernard George Griffiths (24 February 1910 – 29 September 1982) was a cricketer who played first-class cricket for Wellington in New Zealand between 1931 and 1938. He played for New Zealand, but not in Test matches.

## Cricket career

A leg-spinner, Bernard Griffiths made his first-class debut for Wellington in 1931–32, and played four games in four seasons before establishing his spot in the team in 1935–36. In Wellington's first match in 1935-36 his three wickets in the first innings helped Wellington to a narrow victory over the touring MCC team. A few days later, again at the Basin Reserve in Wellington, he took 2 for 21 and 6 for 55 when Wellington had another narrow victory, this time over Canterbury in the Plunket Shield. Although inclined to be erratic in length, Griffiths spun the ball sharply.
Griffiths took five wickets in the next Plunket Shield match against Otago and another five in the last match against Auckland, in which Wellington won the Plunket Shield. He was then selected in the last two of the four unofficial Test matches between New Zealand and the MCC. He took three wickets in the third match and four in the last. As New Zealand's Test leg-spinner Bill Merritt was now playing as a professional in England and was therefore ineligible for Test selection in future, Griffiths was regarded as the "most likely bowler to fill Merritt's place". Griffiths took 28 wickets in the season at an average of 18.96. Among New Zealand bowlers only Merritt (35 wickets) took more.
Griffiths' form fell away in the 1936–37 season, when he took only seven wickets in three matches at an average of 43.28. He was selected in the original team to tour England in 1937, but was then removed from the team shortly afterwards after failing a medical examination. Griffiths protested that apart from a few problems with his teeth there was nothing wrong with him, but the decision stood. He was replaced by a batsman, Jack Lamason, Griffiths’ captain at Wellington.
Griffiths played only one more first-class match, in the 1937–38 season.
# Bernard Grimes

Bernard 'Bernie' Grimes was a male international table tennis player from the United States.

## Table tennis career

He won a bronze medal at the 1938 World Table Tennis Championships in the Swaythling Cup (men's team event) with George Hendry, James McClure, Lou Pagliaro and Sol Schiff for the United States.
He was from New York.
# Callicorixa

Callicorixa is a genus of water boatmen in the family Corixidae. There are about nine described species in Callicorixa.

## Species

These nine species belong to the genus Callicorixa:
* Callicorixa alaskensis Hungerford, 1926
* Callicorixa audeni Hungerford, 1928 (Auden's waterboatman)
* Callicorixa gebleri (Fieber, 1848)
* Callicorixa praeusta (Fieber, 1848)
* Callicorixa producta (Reuter, 1880)
* Callicorixa scudderi Jansson, 1979
* Callicorixa tetoni Hungerford, 1948
* Callicorixa vulnerata (Uhler, 1861)
* Callicorixa wollastoni (Douglas & Scott, 1865)
# Callidrepana gemina

Callidrepana gemina is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It is found in north-eastern India and the Chinese provinces of Guangdong, Fujian and Zhejiang.
The length of the forewings is 15–17 mm for males and 17.5–20 mm for females.

## Subspecies

* Callidrepana gemina gemina (north-eastern India)
* Callidrepana gemina curta Watson, 1968 (China: Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang)
# Callidrepana argenteola

Callidrepana argenteola is a moth in the family Drepanidae first described by Frederic Moore in 1860. It is found from the Oriental tropics to Taiwan, the Philippines, Sulawesi and Timor. The habitat consists of lowland forests.
The wingspan is about 54 mm.
The larvae feed on Mangifera species.

## Subspecies

* Callidrepana argenteola argenteola
* Callidrepana argenteola celebensis Warren, 1922 (Sulawesi)
* Callidrepana argenteola dialitha West, 1932 (Philippines)
# Manapany

Manapany (also known as Manapany-les-Bains) is a village on the island of Réunion. Located on the southern coast, between the communes of Petite-Île and Saint-Joseph, it is a quiet holiday spot with a natural swimming pool made from basaltic rock.
# Bertrand Pointeau

Bertrand Pointeau is the author of L'entreprise expliquée aux ados (Explaining Business to Teens). He is a senior partner at the management consulting firm, Bain & Company, and was formerly head of its South Korea office.
# Bernard Epin

Bernard Epin (27 May 1936 – 1 April 2020) was a French writer, literary critic, and communist activist.

## Biography

Born into a working-class family, Epin attended primary school in the 14th arrondissement of Paris. He joined the French Communist Party in 1954 and the editorial team of L'École et la Nation, a communist magazine, in 1957. After his military service in Algeria, Epin became editorial secretary of the magazine. He also collaborated with the weekly Révolution, the monthly Regards, and L'Humanité.
In addition to his criticism in children's literature, Epin wrote ten essays, including Les livres de vos enfants, parlons-en in 1985. This essay defended the idea of emancipation in children's reading and stressed the need for children's studies to be democratized.
He served as mayor of Saint-Ouen from 1965 to 2001, and directed cultural affairs from 1971 to 1995.
Epin died on 1 April 2020 at the age of 83 due to COVID-19.

## Publications

* Découvrir la littérature d'aujourd'hui pour les jeunes (1976)
* Profession chanteur (1977)
* Chez nous à Saint-Ouen (1983)
* L'éducation civique, c'est quoi aujourd'hui ? (1985)
* Les livres de vos enfants, parlons-en (1985)
* La Révolution française: elle inventa nos rêves (1988)
* Les petits mots des petits mômes (1990)
* Le grand livre du jeune citoyen: avec le texte intégral de la Déclaration universelle des droits de l'homme (1998, 2004, 2012)
* Mon premier livre de citoyen du monde (2000, 2012, 2014)
# Caloplaca sipmanii

Caloplaca sipmanii is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Queensland, Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by the lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk, Ingvar Kärnefelt, John Elix, and Jan Vondrák. The type specimen was collected by the third author from Baga National Park (Rockhampton, Queensland) at an elevation of 50 to 150 m (160 to 490 ft), where it was found growing on Eucalyptus bark. The species epithet of this lichen pays homage to the Dutch lichenologist Harrie Sipman, in whose honour the volume featuring this species was dedicated. Caloplaca sipmanii contains lichexanthone as a major lichen product.
# Manchu Love

Manchu Love is a 1929 American pre-code Hollywood Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer short silent historical fiction film short in two-color Technicolor. The film features a cast entirely of people of Asian descent and stars Sojin as Su Shun and Etta Lee as Empress Tzu Hsi. It was the ninth film produced as part of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's "Great Events" series.

## Production

The film was shot at the Tec-Art Studio in Hollywood. Director Elmer Clifton was paid $1000.00 for his work on this film and Light of India, a later entry in the series. The art direction and color supervision by Natalie Kalmus drew significant praise despite the project having one of the lowest budgets in the "Great Events" series.

## Preservation status

This film has survived in its entirety. A complete print was preserved by the Cinema Arts Laboratory in 1993 and is held in the archives at the George Eastman House. It was screened as recently as 2015 at the Museum of Modern Art's Roy and Niuta Titus Theater for a presentation by authors James Layton and David Pierce.
# Camillo Cabutti

Camillo Cabutti or Camillo Filippo Cabutti (1863–1922) was an Italian painter, mainly of landscapes in an impressionist style.

## Biography

He was born in Bossolasco in Cuneo. He attended the Accademia Albertina, and studied with Marco Calderini He was a resident of Turin during most of his career. In 1884 at Turin, he exhibited the following canvases: Fusain; Pascolo; Sere nelle Langhe; and All'ombra. In 1886 at Milan he displayed three canvases: Crepuscolo invernale; Mattino di gennaio; and Il bosco in Febbraio. In 1886, at the Promotrice Exposition of Florence he exhibited: Al rezzo dei castagni and Mattino della Valletta (also exhibited in Venice in 1887). His Mattino di primavera, painted in 1907, is now in the Galleria Civica d’Arte Moderna of Turin. Cabutti died in Turin in 1922.