OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Economic appraisal

Economic appraisal is a type of decision method applied to a project, programme or policy that takes into account a wide range of costs and benefits, denominated in monetary terms or for which a monetary equivalent can be estimated. Economic appraisal is a key tool for achieving value for money and satisfying requirements for decision accountability. It is a systematic process for examining alternative uses of resources, focusing on assessment of needs, objectives, options, costs, benefits, risks, funding, affordability and other factors relevant to decisions.
The main types of economic appraisal are:
* Cost–benefit analysis
* Cost-effectiveness analysis
* Scoring and weighting
Economic appraisal is a methodology designed to assist in defining problems and finding solutions that offer the best value for money (VFM). This is especially important in relation to public expenditure and is often used as a vehicle for planning and approval of public investment relating to policies, programmes and projects.
The principles of appraisal are applicable to all decisions, even those concerned with small expenditures. However, the scope of appraisal can also be very wide. Good economic appraisal leads to better decisions and VFM. It facilitates good project management and project evaluation. Appraisal is an essential part of good financial management, and it is vital to decision-making and accountability.
# Economic and public affairs

Economic and Public Affairs (EPA) is a subject taught in the junior forms of most secondary schools in Hong Kong, either as a separate subject or as a component of combined humanities or combined social studies. The subject is concerned with helping students to develop a basic understanding of economic and political issues, of the economic and political foundations of Hong Kong society, and of their responsibilities and rights as citizens and consumers. In many ways, it is similar to Civics courses which are taught in many other countries, but the syllabus content is almost entirely related to local Hong Kong topics.

## Topics

Topics covered in the EPA syllabus include the following:
Form One:
* Rights and duties of Hong Kong residents
* The status and immigration rights of Chinese and Non-Chinese, permanent and non-permanent residents
* The Demographics of Hong Kong
* Transportation in Hong Kong
Form Two:
* The Basic Law of Hong Kong and the concept of One Country Two Systems. Hong Kong's autonomy and the Chinese Government's sovereignty.
* The structure of the Hong Kong Government
* Law and Order in Hong Kong
* Hong Kong's Legal System and Judiciary
* Education in Hong Kong
Form Three:
* Consumer education
* The development and features of the economy of Hong Kong
* Hong Kong as a trade and finance centre
* Visible and invisible trade
* Problems faced by industry and their effect upon employment in Hong Kong
* The government's role in the economy
* Function and responsibilities of mass media

## Options after completing EPA

After studying EPA in Forms One to Three, students who wish to continue exploring the themes covered by the subject can opt to study Economics and Public Affairs and Government and Public Affairs for their HKCEE and HKALE examinations, and to complete the Liberal studies later in Forms Four to Six for the HKDSE (Some secondary school start it earlier - At Form One or Form Two.)
# Ebrach (Reiche Ebrach)

The Ebrach (also: Geiselwinder Ebrach) is a river of Bavaria, Germany.
The Ebrach springs from the confluence of the Ebrachbach and the Haselbach in Geiselwind. It discharges west of Geiselwind from the right into the Reiche Ebrach.
# Denticula elegans

Denticula elegans is a species of diatoms in the family Bacillariaceae.
# Denticulobasis garrisoni

Denticulobasis garrisoni is a species of damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae first identified in Rondônia, Brazil.
# Derive

Derive may refer to:
* Derive (computer algebra system), a commercial system made by Texas Instruments
* Dérive (magazine), an Austrian science magazine on urbanism
* Dérive, a psychogeographical concept
* Derived trait, or apomorphy
# Organ of Bojanus

The organs of Bojanus or Bojanus organs are excretory glands that serve the function of kidneys in some of the molluscs. In other words, these are metanephridia that are found in some molluscs, for example in the bivalves. Some other molluscs have another type of organ for excretion called Keber's organ.
The Bojanus organ is named after Ludwig Heinrich Bojanus, who first described it. The excretory system of a bivalve consists of a pair of kidneys called the organ of bojanus. These are situated one of each side of the body below the pericardium. Each kidney consist of 2 part (1)- glandular part (2)- a thin walled ciliated urinary bladder.
# Dergahspor Nürnberg

Dergahspor Nuremberg is a German football club based in Nuremberg.

## History

The club was officially founded on 26 August 1981 in the Bavarian city of Nuremberg by Turkish immigrants, and is nowadays one of the main football clubs in the city, open to all nationalities.
At the time of being founded, nobody could foresee the enormous success that this club would have. However, as all clubs in Amateur leagues, Dergahspor suffered ups and downs. Due to the great solidarity of its members the club and its first football team could celebrate some successful years.
The first achievement was in 1987, as the team won the 'Atatürk-Cup'. A competition between all Turkish clubs in Nuremberg, hosted by the Turkish consulate. At that time nobody would have imagined, that the club would win this competition on the national level between against other Turkish clubs in Germany.
Since 2000 the main team of the club celebrated various ascends up to the second highest league in Bavaria, the Landesliga. In 2012 the ascend to the highest class, the Bayernliga was only failed in relegation games against FC Amberg.
Although Dergahspor was founded by Turkish immigrants, the club considers itself as a German club with its roots in Nuremberg. Politically neutral and undenominational. Young players, no matter their nationality or religion are welcome.
In the Landesliga-Season 2106/2017 Dergahspor is competing in Landesliga Nordost in Bavaria.

## Current squad

    As of 1 September 2016
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 1 | GK | GER | Fabian Stampka |
| 2 | DF | TUR | Volkan Akbulut |
| 3 | DF | GRE | Dimitrios Nakou |
| 4 | DF | TUR | Ermirhan Karaslaan |
| 5 | DF | AUT | Sanel Causevic |
| 6 | MF | GER | Orhan Akgül |
| 7 | MF | GER | Mustafa Köseoglu |
| 9 | FW | LBR | Michel Okai |
| 10 | FW | GER | Engin Kaender |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 13 | FW | CAN | Jean Francois Gonzalez Cruz |
| 18 | MF | VEN | Juan Ignacio Dominguez |
| 19 | FW | TUR | Arcan Yanac |
| 22 | GK | GER | Erdem Ünal |
| 29 | MF | SRB | Mustafa Jasarevic |
| 38 | DF | GER | Jakob Neumann |
| 52 | FW | CMR | Michel Mongue |
| 99 | MF | TUR | Mehmet Menekse |

## League positions since 2010

| Year | Division (Tier) | Position |
| 2011–12 | BOL Mittelfranken (7) | 2nd |
| 2011–12 | Landesliga Mitte (6) | 12th |
| 2012–13 | Landesliga Nordost (6) | 5th |
| 2013–14 | Landesliga Nordost (6) | 12th |
| 2014–15 | Landesliga Nordost (6) | 12th |
| 2015–16 | Landesliga Nordost (6) | 9th |

## Honours

* Atatürk Cup:
** Champions 1987
* Atatürk Cup:
** Champions 2007
* Bayernliga:
** Participant ascention round 2012
# Derrida and Lacan: Another Writing

Derrida and Lacan: Another Writing is a 2008 book by British philosopher Michael Lewis in which the author "argues that Jacques Derrida's philosophical understanding of language should be supplemented by Jacques Lacan's psychoanalytic approach to the symbolic order."
# Derek L. G. Hill

Derek L. G. Hill is professor of medical imaging at University College London (UCL).
He earned a B.Sc. (physics) from Imperial College London in 1987, an M.Sc. degree (medical physics) from the University of Surrey in 1989, and a Ph.D. from the United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals (UMDS), University of London, in 1994.

## Selected publications

* Combination of 3D medical images from multiple modalities. University of London, London, 1994.
# Derek Kreckler

Derek Kreckler is an Australian visual artist, born in Sydney in 1952. He has worked in a variety of media creating performance, video, sound and photographic art works. His work is concerned with an ongoing examination of the transformation of modes of historical avant-gardism into the present. His "clean, crisp Cibachromes" of refrigerators were exhibited at the 14th Sydney Biennale in 2004.
He has exhibited internationally, extensively throughout Australia including: 2020 '100 Ways to live a minute', The Pushkin Museum, Moscow; Accident & Process (photographs only) 2018 European Month of Photography, Berlin; Accident & Process: 2017 Jarvis Dooney gallery Berlin, Accident & Process: 2015-2018 regional solo touring exhibition of eight Australian galleries; 'Littoral' LandSeaSky: 2014-15 One and J. Gallery Seoul, OCAT Shanghai, Guangzhou and the National Art School Sydney; 'Many a Slip' 2013 The William and Winifred Bowness Photographic Awards, Monash Gallery of Art, Melbourne; 'White Goods' On Reason and Emotion: 2004 Biennale of Sydney, The Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney; 'Holey' #1 The 2004 Adelaide Biennale of Australian Art at the Art Gallery of South Australia, and the 2003 Clemenger Contemporary Art Award at the National Gallery of Victoria in Melbourne; 'White Pointer' 1992 Encounters with Diversity, PS1. New York, 'FILL' & 'Chinese Whispers' 1990 Biennale of Sydney, "The Readymade Boomerang: Certain Relations in 20th Century Art"; 'Told by an Idiot' National Review of Live Art Glasgow, UK.
His work is represented in various Australian collections including: Maitland Regional Art Gallery; The Art Gallery of Western Australia, The Art Gallery of South Australia, The Pushkin Museum, Moscow. MACBA Museum of Contemporary Art, Barcelona. The Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney. Wesfarmers Collection, Perth Western Australia, Archive of the Arts and Humanities Data Service (AHDS), Mitchell Library, Sydney, Australia, The University of Adelaide Library, The Griffith Artworks Collection, National Gallery of Australia and private collections.
He was awarded a New Media Arts Board Fellowship from the Australia Council for the Arts in 2000.
# Deroo's mouse

Deroo's mouse or Deroo's praomys (Praomys derooi) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Benin, Ghana, Nigeria, and Togo. Its natural habitats are dry savanna and urban areas.
# Deroplatyidae

The Deroplatyidae are a new (2019) family of praying mantises, based on the type genus Deroplatys. As part of a major revision of mantis taxonomy, the subfamily Deroplatyinae has been moved here from the previously structured family Mantidae.
The new placement is in superfamily Mantoidea (of group Cernomantodea) and infraorder Schizomantodea. Genera in this family have been recorded from: Africa, India, Indochina and Malesia.

## Subfamilies, tribes and genera

The Mantodea Species File lists two subfamilies:

### Subfamily Deroplatyinae

* tribe Deroplatyini (Asia)
** Deroplatys Westwood, 1839
** Mythomantis Giglio-Tos, 1916
** Pseudempusa Brunner v. W., 1893
* tribe Euchomenellini (Asia)
** Euchomenella Giglio-Tos, 1916
** Indomenella Roy, 2008
** Phasmomantella Vermeersch, 2018
** Tagalomantis Hebard, 1920

### Subfamily Popinae

* tribe Leptocolini (Africa)
** subtribe Euchomenina
*** Euchomena Saussure, 1870
** subtribe Leptocolina
*** Afrothespis Roy, 2006
*** Agrionopsis Werner, 1908
*** Leptocola Gerstaecker, 1883
*** Stenopyga Karsch, 1892
* tribe Popini (Africa)
** Danuria Stal, 1856
** †Lithophotina Sharov, 1962
** Macrodanuria Sjostedt, 1900
** Macropopa Giglio-Tos, 1914
** Neodanuria La Greca & Lombardo, 1986
** Popa Serville, 1839
# Deronitis

Deronitis is a genus of Scarabaeidae or scarab beetles in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea.
# Derek Savage

Derek Savage may refer to:
* Derek Savage (filmmaker), director of Cool Cat Saves the Kids
* Derek Savage (poet) (1917–2007), pacifist poet and critic
* Derek Savage (Gaelic footballer) (born 1978), former inter-county Gaelic football player for Galway
# Cave myotis

The cave myotis (Myotis velifer) is a species of vesper bat (Vespertilionidae) in the genus Myotis.

## Description

It is larger than most other bats in the Myotis group, with a forearm of 37 to 44 millimetres (1.5 to 1.7 in). The bat is brown with short ears, and can be distinguished from other large Myotis by a bare patch of skin on its back. Male bats are smaller than females.

## Distribution and habitat

It is usually found in caves, although it has been known to inhabit mines and buildings. The largest populations are in southwest Kansas and in Mexico. Groups of over a thousand have been recorded on the ceilings of caves during winter hibernation.

## Diet and behavior

The cave myotis is insectivorous, primarily feeding on moths. To capture prey it uses echolocation, typically hunting one or two hours after sunset. Due to their larger size and well-adapted wings, the cave myotis may forage further from their roost than other "myotis" bats. When insect populations are low in spring and autumn, they decrease their food consumption. Since caves tend to have consistently cooler temperatures which impose energetic strain from maintaining thermoregulation, it is believed that they likely exhibit a combination of behaviors in response, such as consuming greater quantities of food and clustering in order to minimize heat loss. Adult females consume more food than males due to their size. Females also consume more food during lactation and gestation periods. Juveniles are efficient at foraging; they join their adult counterparts aged as young as four weeks. By six to eight weeks, their daily consumption of insects matches that of an adult. Colonies hibernate from mid October until April. Individuals have lifespan of around thirteen years.

## Homing

Most bat species have a good homing ability, the mechanisms of which are still unknown. Unusually for bats, the cave myotis does not have a good homing instinct. Speculation is that bat species' homing ability relies heavily on olfactory sense and vision.
# Ibón Arrieta

Ibón Pérez Arrieta (born 9 June 1977) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a striker, currently a manager.
A journeyman, he played for 18 clubs in six countries.

## Club career

Arrieta was born in San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa. In his country, he could never play in higher than the Segunda División B in his beginnings, moving in 2001 to Iberian Peninsula neighbours Portugal with G.D. Chaves where he scored at a high rate, always in the Segunda Liga. He had also spells in the country's Primeira Liga, with S.C. Braga and G.D. Estoril Praia.
Arrieta returned in 2005 to his homeland, joining Segunda División side Racing de Ferrol, but again had no luck, appearing in less than one quarter of the season's matches as his team was also relegated. He then played in quick succession for CD Logroñés, Maccabi Herzliya FC, PAS Giannina FC and UD Melilla.
In the summer of 2007, following a successful trial which included a preseason mini-tour of Austria, Arrieta agreed to a two-year deal at Football League One club Swindon Town. He made his official debut as a second-half substitute on the opening day draw at Northampton Town, and scored his only goal in the Football League Trophy against Brentford, executing an overhead kick in a 4–1 win.
In January 2008, however, Arrieta left Swindon and signed a contract with Romania's CS Pandurii Târgu Jiu, leaving after two and a half seasons as a free agent with a maximum of ten Liga I games played (in 2009–10). He continued to compete in Spanish amateur football well into his 40s, mainly in representation of Juventud de Torremolinos CF where he later worked as manager and director of football.

## Career statistics

| Year | Club | Country | League | Appearances | Goals |
| 1999–2000 | Pollença | Spain | Tercera División | 34 | 19 |
| 2000–01 | Talavera | Spain | Segunda División B | 33 | 9 |
| 2001–02 | Chaves | Portugal | Segunda Liga | 25 | 18 |
| 2002–03 | Braga | Portugal | Primeira Liga | 31 | 4 |
| 2003–04 | Chaves | Portugal | Segunda Liga | 30 | 17 |
| 2004–05 | Estoril | Portugal | Primeira Liga | 21 | 7 |
| 2005 | Racing Ferrol | Spain | Segunda División | 7 | 0 |
| 2006 | Logroñés | Spain | Segunda División B | 13 | 1 |
| 2006 | Maccabi Herzliya | Israel | Israeli Premier League | 12 | 3 |
| 2007 | PAS Giannina | Greece | Football League | – | – |
| 2007 | Melilla | Spain | Segunda División B | 11 | 1 |
| 2007 | Swindon Town | England | Football League One | 4 | 0 |
| 2008 | Pandurii | Romania | Liga I | 9 | 3 |
| 2008–09 | Pandurii | Romania | Liga I | 8 | 0 |
| 2009–10 | Pandurii | Romania | Liga I | 10 | 0 |
| Total | | | | 193 | 56 |
# Maitland Bridge

Maitland Bridge is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in Annapolis County on Trunk 8 which crosses the Mersey River here. It is named after General Sir Peregrine Maitland, Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia from 1828 to 1834. The entrance to Kejimkujik National Park is at Maitland Bridge.
# Ian Patterson (poet)

Ian Kenneth Patterson (born 31 August 1948) is a British poet, translator and academic. He is a Life Fellow of Queens' College, Cambridge, having retired in 2018 from his post as Senior Lecturer in English Literature, Director of Studies in English and Fellow Librarian.

## Education and career

Ian Patterson was educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge, where he graduated with a BA degree in English in 1969. He returned to academia in the 1990s to write a PhD, and in 1995 was awarded a Junior Research Fellowship at King's College, Cambridge. In 1999 he moved to Queens', where he was to teach English as a fellow of the college for the next 20 years.

## Work

In 2017 Ian Patterson won the Forward Prize for best single poem for "The Plenty of Nothing", an elegy to his wife, Jenny Diski.
Patterson has written a non-fiction book about the bombing of Guernica and the Spanish Civil War. He is also a translator: works include the final volume of In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust and works by Charles Fourier and Alain Touraine. He is a regular contributor to the London Review of Books, writing on subjects as diverse as Jilly Cooper, libraries and Ann Quin.

## Personal life

Patterson was married to the writer Jenny Diski until her death in 2016. He appears as The Poet in her writing. In 2017, he married the writer Olivia Laing. He is the editor of Nemo's Almanac, according to The Guardian "the world's hardest book quiz". Previous editors include Alan Hollinghurst.

## Awards and honours

* 2017 Forward Prize, Best Single Poem, "The Plenty of Nothing".
# COP 15

COP 15 may refer to:
* 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference
* 2021/2022 Convention on Biological Diversity Conference
** 2022 United Nations Biodiversity Conference
# CRK

CRK can refer to:

## Aviation

* Bombardier CRJ 1000 (IATA: CRK), a regional jet built in Canada
* Clark International Airport (IATA: CRK), Pampanga, Philippines
* Hong Kong Airlines (ICAO: CRK), Hong Kong SAR

## Other

* Český Radioklub, an amateur radio organization in the Czech Republic
* Chris Reeve Knives, an American knife manufacturer
* Cookie Run: Kingdom, a South Korean 2021 RPG mobile game
* CRK (gene)
* Plains Cree language (ISO-639-3 code)
* Republican Circle, a Belgian republican association
* Chattahoochee Riverkeeper, formerly Upper Chattahoochee Riverkeeper, an environmental advocacy organization
# Benhill Estate

Benhill is a council housing estate in Sutton, London, originally built in the 1960s upon woodland. It is east of Sutton High Street around Brunswick Road. The estate was later renovated and regenerated.
The name "Ben Hill" appears on 18th century maps. The wider surrounding area whose initial development of large villas dates from Victorian times was intended for the upper middle class, whereas nearby Newtown - built around the same time as Benhill - was intended for the lower class. Construction began in 1852. However, development of it was slow and by 1913 there were still many empty building plots.
The estate was built from 1965 to 1974 and has 441 homes.
One of its residents, Gerard 'Jed' Edge, had a picture of him selected as part of the 2009 BP Portrait Award exhibition and supplied snakes for the Steven Spielberg film Raiders of the Lost Ark. He died on 11 April 2013 after his flat in Benhill Wood Road caught fire.
# Benjamin White (publisher)

Benjamin White or Ben White (c. 1725 – March 9, 1794) was a successful Fleet Street publisher. He was the first publisher to specialise in books on Natural History including The Natural History of Selborne which was written by his brother, Gilbert White.

## Life

Benjamin White was the third surviving son of John White (1688 - 1758), a barrister, and his wife Anne (born Holt). The White family lived at The Wakes the family home in Selborne which was to become a memorial to the White family. Ben attended school at Bishop's Waltham and he went to London to join the publishing business. He joined the publishing house led by John Whiston and he was a partner by 1756 and he led the firm by 1765.
Benjamin White became the richest member of his family, but he is mainly remembered for introducing his older brother Gilbert White to the barrister Daines Barrington and the naturalist Thomas Pennant, their correspondence about the natural history of Selborne leading ultimately to Gilbert White's much admired The Natural History of Selborne. White published a number of Pennant's books, including his British Zoology (1776–7).
The family connection was extended by Benjamin's brother John. John was chaplain to the garrison in Gibraltar and it is said that Gilbert's seventeen year encouragement of his brother John to document the natural history of the southern tip of Iberia led to Gilbert's decision to document Selborne's natural history. John had sent many specimens back to England for Gilbert to study. John was to prepare a book for publication when he returned to England but his brother Ben, and Gilbert who was also consulted, agreed to reject, Fauna Calpensis. This is now a lost book.
The publishing firm at the corner of Fleet Street and The Strand was known as Horace's Head. It was the first to specialise in books on natural history and his publishing house became a meeting place for naturalists such as Thomas Pennant, who had many editions of his books published by White. He also published books on Mollusc shells by Emanuel Mendes da Costa. White issued sale catalogues on a regular basis, as did many of his contemporaries, and many of these may now be viewed online.
White's son, also Benjamin, joined the firm and he was involved in publishing Gilbert's Selborne. White died in Bentley, Hampshire having been a successful Fleet Street publisher. He never knew of the success of his brother Gilbert's book, as this started 30 years after his death when Natural History became fashionable. The White family home in Selborne, The Wakes, is preserved as a museum.