OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Röntgen equivalent physical

The Röntgen equivalent physical or rep (symbol rep) note that there are differences between the spelled out word rep and the symbol rep; see, e.g., radiation poisoning using the word in plural (symbols remain unchanged in plural) is a legacy unit of absorbed dose first introduced by Herbert Parker in 1945 to replace an improper application of the roentgen unit to biological tissue. It is the absorbed energetic dose before the biological efficiency of the radiation is factored in. The rep has variously been defined as 83 or 93ergs per gram of tissue (8.3/9.3mGy) or per cm3 of tissue.
At the time, this was thought to be the amount of energy deposited by 1 roentgen. Improved measurements have since found that one roentgen of air kerma deposits 8.77 mGy in dry air, or 9.6 mGy in soft tissue, but the rep was defined as a fixed number of ergs per unit gram.
A 1952 handbook from the US National Bureau of Standards affirms that "The numerical coefficient of the rep has been deliberately changed to 93, instead of the earlier 83, to agree with L. H. Gray's 'energy-unit'." Gray's 'energy unit' was " one roentgen of hard gamma resulted in about 93 ergs per gram energy absorption in water". The lower range value of 83.8 ergs was the value in air corresponding to wet tissue. The rep was commonly used until the 1960s, but was gradually displaced by the rad starting in 1954 and later the gray starting in 1977.
# Cortlandt (album)

Cortlandt is a studio album by jazz artist Sean Malone. It was released in 1996.

## Track listing (original release)

* Controversy (4:16)
* Splinter (3:21)
* Fisher's Gambit (5:17)
* Hand Full of Earth (6:20)
* Giant Steps (2:55) (John Coltrane)
* At Taliesin (4:09)
* Big Sky Wanting (6:00)
* The Big Idea (6:15)
* Sinfonia (Hidden Track) (33:06) a.k.a. Three-Part Invention in D minor
** Contains approximately 30 minutes of silence, then Bach's Sinfonia number 4 in D minor

## Track listing (re-release)

* Controversy (4:16)
* Splinter (3:21)
* Fisher's Gambit (5:17)
* Hand Full of Earth (6:20)
* Sinfonia a.k.a. Three-Part Invention in D minor
* Giant Steps (2:55) (John Coltrane)
* At Taliesin (4:09)
* Big Sky Wanting (6:00)
* The Big Idea (6:15)
* Unquity Road (3:42) (Pat Metheny)
** Originally released as a bonus track on the Japanese version of the self-titled Gordian Knot album.
Artwork by Tim Spear (website)
Cortlandt was recorded in Tampa and Taos.

## Personnel

* Sean Malone - bass guitar, chapman stick, keyboards
* Trey Gunn - warr guitar
* Reeves Gabrels - guitars
* Bob Brunin - guitars
* Geoff Caputo - guitars
* Glenn Snelwar - mandolins
* Sean Reinert - drums, percussion

## Trivia

* "Fisher's Gambit" is reworked and renamed "Fischer's Gambit" on Gordian Knot's second album Emergent.
# Sadhan Chandra Mahavidyalaya

Sadhan Chandra Mahavidyalaya, established in 2007, is an undergraduate college in Harindanga, West Bengal, India. This college is affiliated to the University of Calcutta.

## Departments
### Arts

* Bengali
* English
* Sanskrit
* History
* Geography
* Political Science
* Philosophy
* Education

## Accreditation

Sadhan Chandra Mahavidyalaya is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC).
# Democrats (film)

Democrats is a 2014 Danish documentary film directed by Camilla Nielsson about politics in Zimbabwe following the contentious 2008 election and the subsequent coalition effort to rewrite the country's constitution.

## Synopsis

Following the contentious 2008 Presidential election in Zimbabwe, a coalition that includes Paul Mangwana and Douglas Mwonzora work to rewrite the Zimbabwean constitution.

## Release

Democrats played at the Copenhagen International Documentary Festival on September 6, 2014.

## Reception

Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, reports that 100% of 22 surveyed critics gave the film a positive review; the average rating is 8.4/10. Metacritic rated it 88/100 based on eight reviews, indicating "Universal acclaim". Guy Lodge of Variety wrote, "Even the slyest political satire couldn't outdo this riveting docu study of Zimbabwe's troubled coalition government." John DeFore of The Hollywood Reporter called it both accessible and academically useful. Glenn Kenny of The New York Times made it a NYT Critics' Pick and called it an "outstanding, unsettling documentary".
Among other awards, the film won Best Documentary at the Tribeca Film Festival, Best Director at the One World Human Rights Film Festival, Best International Documentary at the Hot Springs Documentary Film Festival, Special Jury Mention and Reel Talent Award at the Copenhagen International Documentary Festival, and Best Documentary at the Nordisk Panorama Film Festival.
Nielsson followed up Democrats with the film President which explores the controversial 2018 presidential election in Zimbabwe; opposition leader Nelson Chamisa says there was voting fraud and claims he won the presidency. The government in the country has banned President from being shown. The movie won the World Cinema Documentary Special Jury Award at the Sundance Film Festival.
# Euptera neptunus

Euptera neptunus, the Neptune euptera, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in eastern Nigeria, Cameroon and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (from the central and eastern part of the country to Uele, the Lindi Valley, Tshuapa, Cataractes and Sankuru). The habitat consists of forests.
# Fever in Winter, Shiver in June

Fever In Winter, Shiver In June is the first EP published by French artist Syd Matters in 2002. It was released by Third Side Records. The French rock magazine Les Inrockuptibles helped with the promotion and publishing of the French artist's work, including this EP. The first track of the album, "Black & White Eyes", was aired in a live performance on national French television in 2004. The EP was also included in the 2008 re-release of "A Whisper and A Sigh" by Because Music.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Syd Matters
# 1941 Pacific Tigers football team

The 1941 Pacific Tigers football team represented the College of the Pacific—now known as the University of the Pacific—in Stockton, California as a member of the Far Western Conference (FWC) during the 1941 college football season. Led by ninth-year head coach Amos Alonzo Stagg, Pacific compiled an overall record of 4–7 with a mark of 3–0 in conference play, winning the FWC title. The team was outscored by its opponents 100 to 72 for the season. The Tigers played home games at Baxter Stadium in Stockton.
During a September 24 game against Hawaii in Stockton, a distressed army flying cadet tried to land his plane at the stadium, diving for 30 minutes "a few feet over the heads of terrified spectators and players and clipped the stadium power line, darkening the field." The cadet ultimately landed his plane safely in the stadium parking lot.
Pacific was ranked at No. 199 (out of 681 teams) in the final rankings under the Litkenhous Difference by Score System.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 24 | Hawaii* | Baxter StadiumStockton, CA | L 0–14 | 12,000 |
| October 3 | Chico State | Baxter StadiumStockton, CA | W 7–0 | |
| October 11 | vs. SMU* | Tyler, TX (Rose Festival game) | L 0–34 | 12,500 |
| October 17 | Cal Aggies | Baxter StadiumStockton, CA | W 7–0 | |
| October 24 | San Jose State* | Baxter StadiumStockton, CA | L 0–7 | |
| November 1 | Humboldt State | Baxter StadiumStockton, CA | W 19–0 | |
| November 11 | at Fresno State* | Ratcliffe StadiumFresno, CA | L 0–13 | 13,000 |
| November 19 | at Santa Barbara State* | La Playa StadiumSanta Barbara, CA | L 6–7 | |
| November 26 | California JV* | Baxter StadiumStockton, CA | W 20–0 | |
| November 29 | at Pacific Lutheran* | Tacoma, WA | L 7–13 | |
| December 5 | at San Diego State* | Balboa StadiumSan Diego, CA | L 6–12 | 9,000 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecoming ||||||
# SCPI (disambiguation)

SCPI is the Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments for controlling programmable test and measurement devices.
SCPI or SCPi may also refer to:
* Pullamí Airport (ICAO airport code), in the List of airports in Chile
* Sequential Central Port Injection, in the Chevrolet 90° V6 engine
* Strategic Concepts, Policy and Interoperability, part of the NATO Allied Command Transformation
* SCPI, a type of French real estate investment trust
* State Company for Petrochemical Industries; see Basra
# Crispa

Crispa may refer to:
* Crispa (elm cultivar), a slow-growing tree
* Crispa, a clothing brand
* Crispa Redmanizers, a basketball team
* Crispa 400, a basketball team
* Crispa, a peppermint cultivar
* Margery Ruth Crisp, a cryptic crossword setter
# C21 road (Namibia)

C21 is a secondary route in Namibia that runs from Maltahöhe to Hoachanas via Kalkrand. It is 173 kilometres (107 mi) long.
# Saint-Étienne-de-Chigny

Saint-Étienne-de-Chigny (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.
# Euptera pluto

Euptera pluto, the Pluto euptera, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Liberia, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Zambia.
The larvae feed on Englerophytum species.

## Subspecies

* Euptera pluto pluto (southern Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, northern Democratic Republic of the Congo)
* Euptera pluto occidentalis Chovet, 1998 (Liberia, Togo)
* Euptera pluto primitiva Hancock, 1984 (Uganda: Katera, Democratic Republic of the Congo: south-east to Lualaba, north-western Zambia)
# Emma Schlangenhausen

Emma Schlangenhausen (1882-1947) was an Austrian painter and a graphic artist.

## Biography

Schlangenhausen was born on 9 March 1882 in Tyrol, Austria. She studied at the School of Graphic and Experimental Art and the University of Applied Arts in Vienna. Her teachers included Kolo Moser and Alfred Roller. She exhibited at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair where she won a silver medal. She was a member of Wiener Frauenkunst (Viennese Women's Art) and the Association of Visual Artists of Austria and Der Wassermann.
Schlangenhausen died on 11 March 1947 in Salzburg, Austria.
Her work was included in the 2019 exhibition City Of Women: Female artists in Vienna from 1900 to 1938 at the Österreichische Galerie Belvedere.

## Gallery

* Der Wassermann, 1919
* Die Frau
# Dar Djaït

Dar Djaït is an old palace of the Medina of Tunis. It is located in the Street of Sidi ben Arous.

## History

The family of Djaït authentic of Yemen. They were a noble family of Tunisia, and they moved to Tunisia during the reign of Mourad III Bey.
The palace was built during the 19th century. Many reparations were done during the second half of the 20th century, and it was inhabited by the Djaït family until 2008.

## Architecture

The front door of the entrance leads to a staircase made of white marble.
# SCPA

SCPA may refer to:
* San Diego School of Creative and Performing Arts, a school in San Diego, California
* School for Creative and Performing Arts, a school in Cincinnati, Ohio
* Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984
* South Carolina Ports Authority
* Space Canine Patrol Agents, fictional canine superheroes in DC Comics
* C5a peptidase, an enzyme
# Mount Bushnell State Park

Mount Bushnell State Park is an undeveloped public recreation area located south of Lake Waramaug in the New England town of Washington, Connecticut. The state park provides 214 acres (87 ha) for hiking. The park had its genesis in the state's purchase of 70 acres in 1916. It is managed by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection.
# Emma Saunders

Emma Saunders known as The "Railwaymen's Friend" (2 March 1841 – 27 February 1927) was a British missionary (and philanthropist) to railwaymen in Bristol for fifty years.

## Life

Saunders was born in Middleton Stoney in Oxfordshire in 1841. She was the last of five children born to Mary Magdalene (born Morris) and Joshua Saunders. Her family moved about because of her father's work for the Bank of England. They spent two years in Manchester but they settled in Bristol where Saunders remained. Her mother offered a role model for good works. Mary M Saunders was on the committee of the "Industrial Home for Destitute Girls" and the Park Row Asylum which looked after women after they were released from prison. It was at a mission organised at the Christ Church, Clifton Down that she identified her own mission. She went into teaching, working at a ragged school and at a Sunday School.
In 1878 Saunders had organised a bible class at Bristol Temple Meads railway station which was available each Sunday and on the Monday she held a similar meeting for mothers. This activity led to her visiting the places where the men were working at the time. Many worked on the Severn Tunnel which was thirteen years in construction until 1876. In 1881 the Railway Mission was founded which Saunders joined but her work predated the mission's formation. The Great Western Railway Temperance Society had assisted her in creating a "temperance hall" at Pyle Hill goods yard in the 1880s.
She is credited with founding the "Bristol and West of England Railwaymen's Institute" whose rooms included a canteen and classrooms. The classrooms could be used for religious meetings or to teach engineering. She was helped in her work by Miss Hickman who also served with the Bristol and Clifton Dorcas Society.
She was also known as the "Lady with the Basket" as she would visit any railway premise where she was invited or when someone was ill and she would give out a tract or a small present to those she met from her basket. She was said to visit 2,000 people every month. The visits continued until after the end of the first world war in 1919. Saunders died in the Clifton area of Bristol in 1927. On 1 July 1928 a plaque was unveiled at the entrance to Bristol Temple Meads station to celebrate her fifty years of "devoted Christian service" and showed her with her basket.
# Fernando de la Cerda

Fernando de la Cerda may refer to:
* Fernando de la Cerda (1255–1275), Infante of Castile, son of Alfonso X of Castile
* Fernando de la Cerda (1275–1322), son of the preceding
# Fernando de la Jara

Fernando de la Jara (born 1948 in Lima, Peru) is a Peruvian artist who has lived in Germany since 1987.

## Biography and works

At age 17, he was commissioned by Jesuits to paint a fresco in a church in Lima. In 1968, he worked under Spanish painter Manuel de Viola of the El Paso Group. In 1971 and 1972, he traveled to Europe to study; of particular interest to him were Flemish and Venetian painting. From 1973 to 1977, he lived in the Peruvian highlands with the goal of working for a time free from the constraints of the art market. In 1982, he won first prize at the Ancón Arts Festival (Festival de arte de Ancón) in Lima. From 1984 to 1986, he lived and worked in New York City. In 1987, he was offered a research assignment at the Catholic University of Eichstätt in Germany. Since then, he has lived and worked in Germany.
His works mainly consist of oil paintings, frescoes, sculptures, installations and projects, lithographs and drawings. They are held by private and public collections in Peru and abroad. His works have been shown in major galleries as well as in solo and group exhibitions. Significant public sculptures in Germany include:
* Minerva (1999), a 6-meter-tall granite sculpture in front of the Max Planck Haus am Hofgarten in Munich; and
* Pi-Chacán (2001), a 32-ton marble sculpture in front of the University Hospital in Tübingen
* Minerva in Munich
* Pi-Chacán in Tübingen
# Fife Witches Trail

The Fife Witches Trail is a series of plaques located along the Fife Coastal Path, commemorating the women executed as witches there in the 16th to 18th centuries. The plaques are located in the villages of Culross, Valleyfield and Torryburn.
The Trail is an initiative of the West Fife Heritage Network, led by local councillors Kate Stewart and Julie Ford. The plaques, illustrated discs cast in bronze, were created by Differentia Designs. The Trail was launched at a ceremony on Culross village green on 7 September 2020.

## Witch trials in Fife

The Fife Witches Trail commemorates the women who were accused of witchcraft and executed in Fife during the Scottish witch trials of the 16th to 18th centuries. Across Scotland, it is estimated that between 4,000 and 6,000 people were accused of witchcraft. Many were imprisoned and tortured until they confessed, then executed by burning, hanging or drowning. An estimated 380 people in Fife, most of them women, were accused of witchcraft in that period. Possibly the best known of the Fife accused is Lilias Adie, who was known as the Torryburn witch. The details of her case are recorded in the 1704 Kirk Session Minutes. She was accused of having sex with the devil and tortured until she confessed. Adie died while awaiting trial. Her body was buried in an intertidal grave on the mudflats of Torryburn beach under a heavy sandstone slab to prevent the devil reanimating her.

## Locations

* Culross plaque on the Fife Witches Trail
* Valleyfield plaque on the Fife Witches Trail
* Torryburn plaque on the Fife Witches Trail
The plaque in Culross is located under an information board beside the bus stop on the village green. It faces the Town Hall, where the accused were held. It is illustrated with the figure of a woman holding herbal plants with reputed healing properties, notable buildings in the village and 32 crosses to represent the accused. It reads: "32 innocent women were accused of being witches. So many ordinary women were accused of being witches in Culross. Innocent victims of unenlightened times."
The second plaque is at the entrance to Valleyfield Wood, a slight detour off the coastal path. It is located under an information board, beside a bus parking area. It is illustrated with the figure of a woman dancing with a devil figure. It reads: "Lilias Adie 1640-1704, an innocent woman accused of "lying with the devil". An innocent victim of unenlightened times."
The Torryburn plaque marks Adie's burial place. It is located beside a low wall next to the railway bridge, overlooking the beach. From here, the stone slab under which Adie was buried is visible at low tide. The plaque is illustrated with Adie's face surrounded by herbal plants, notable buildings of Torryburn, a crescent moon and a devil figure blowing a horn. It reads: "Lilias Adie 1640-1704 - they feared she would rise from the dead - how could she as she was an ordinary woman accused. "Oh keep me. There she is coming"."
# Emilio Serrano Jiménez

Emilio Serrano Jiménez (born 21 May 1950) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD).
Serrano Jiménez has served as a federal deputy on two occasions, representing the 13th district of the Federal District for the PRD on both:
* 2003 to 2006, in the 59th Congress
* 2009 to 2012 in the 61st Congress
# Sagrada Familia de Lemitar Church, Los Dulces Nombres

Sagrada Familia de Lemitar Church, Los Dulces Nombres (Lemitar Church) is a historic church off Interstate 25 in Lemitar, New Mexico. It was constructed in the early 1830s and has been renovated and added to several times thereafter. Work in around 1900 gave the adobe building a pitched, metal roof and clear glass windows; in 1950 Conrad Hilton made a donation which, with funds raised by parishioners, paid for stained glass windows and wooden flooring. The present facade and bell towers were added in 1963. Unfortunately in 2010 the west wall of the church collapsed during renovations started the previous year; the building was deemed irreparable and was totally rebuilt.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
# Euploea doubledayi

Euploea doubledayi, the greater striped black crow, is a butterfly found in India and South-East Asia that belongs to the crows and tigers, that is, the danaid group of the brush-footed butterflies family.
# Dar El Haddad

Dar El Haddad is one of the oldest palaces in the medina of Tunis.

## Localization

This residence is located in the Artillery dead-end, in the historical area of the Khurasanid dynasty, near Bab Menara.

## History

The palace was built in the 16th century by Saïd El Haddad, a wealthy chechia maker and a member of an Andalusian family settled in Tunisia. It is now owned by the municipality of Tunis. The National Heritage Institute restored it in 1999. It was classified as an historical monument during the same year.

## Architecture

The architecture of Dar El Haddad is quite particular compared to the other palaces of the medina. Its entrance leads to a private way reserved to the owner of the residence and his family. Three vestibules lead to the courtyard which is surrounded by porticoes in three sides.
# List of religious groups in Korea

This is a partial list of religious groups in Korea.

## Buddhist

* Jogye Order
* Cheontae
* Taego Order
* Won Buddhism

## Christian

* Anglican Church of Korea
* Catholic Church in South Korea
* Christian Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses
* The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in South Korea
* Korea Baptist Convention
* Korea Campus Crusade for Christ
* Korean Orthodox Church
* Presbyterian Church of Korea
* Providence
* Unification Church
* All Nations Church
* World Mission Society Church of God

## Other

* Bocheon-gyo
* Cheondogyo
* Daesun Jinrihoe
* Jeung San Do
* Jeungsanism
* Juche
* Muism
* Taejonggyo
# Morvi State

Morvi State, also spelled as Morvee State or Morbi State, was a princely salute state in the historical Halar prant (district) of Kathiawar during the British Raj.
The town of Morvi (Morbi), Gujarat, was its capital. The Kotwals of the royal palace of Morvi were Talpada Kolis of Radhavanaj village of Kheda district.
The rulers of the princely state belonged to the Jadeja rajput dynasty.
The state's last ruler signed the instrument of accession to the Dominion of India on 15 February 1948.

## History

Morvi was founded as a princely state around 1698 by Kanyoji when the heir apparent of Cutch State fled Bhuj with his mother after his father Ravaji was murdered and the throne was seized by his uncle Pragmalji I. It became a British protectorate in 1807. The state was in the colonial sway of the Kathiawar Agency of the Bombay Presidency.
In 1943, with the implementation of the 'attachment scheme', Morvi State enlarged its territory by an additional 310 km$^2$ with about 12,500 inhabitants when the Hadala Taluk and the Kotda-Nayani Thana, as well as the small Malia princely state were merged.
On 15 August 1947, the state officially ceased to exist by merging into the west Indian United State of Saurashtra (initially - of Kathiawar), which later merged into Bombay state; since that was divided, it is in Gujarat.

## Rulers

The rulers of the state belonged to the Jadeja clan of Rajputs, and bore the title Thakur Sahib until the last added the higher title Maharaja in 1926.

### Thakur Sahibs

* 1698 - 1733 Kanyoji Rawaji (of Kutch) (d. 1733)
* 1733 - 1739 Aliyaji Kanyoji (d. 1739)
* 1739 - 1764 Rawaji Aliyaji I (d. 1764)
* 1764 - 1772 Pachanji Rawaji (d. 1772)
* 1772 - 1783 Waghji I Rawaji (d. 1783)
* 1783 - 1790 Hamirji Waghji (d. 1790)
* 1790 - 1828 Jyaji Waghji (d. 1828)
* 1828 - 1846 Prithirajji Jyaji (d. 1846)
* 1846 - 17 February 1870 Rawaji II Prithirajji (b. 1828 - d. 1870)
* 17 February 1870 – 11 July 1922 Waghji II Rawaji also called Kathiyawadi American (b. 1858 - d. 1922) (personal style Maharaja from 16 February 1887) (from 30 June 1887, Sir Waghji II Rawaji)
* 17 Feb 1870 - 1 Jan 1879 Regents (Council of administration)
** - Shambhuprasad Laxmilal
** - Jhunjhabai Sakhidas (to 187.)
* 11 July 1922 – 3 June 1926 Lakhdirji Waghji (see below) (b. 1876 - d. 1957)

### Thakur Sahib Maharaja

* 3 June 1926 – 15 August 1947 Lakhdirji Waghji (s.a.) (from 1 January 1930, Sir Lakhdirji Waghji)