OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bastle house

Bastel, bastle, or bastille houses are a type of construction found along the Anglo-Scottish border, in the areas formerly plagued by border reivers. They are fortified farmhouses, characterised by security measures against raids. Their name is said to derive from the French word "bastille".

## Characteristics

The characteristics of the classic bastle house are extremely thick stone walls (about 1 metre thick), with the ground floor devoted to stable space for the most valuable animals, and a vaulted stone or flat timber floor between it and the first floor with internal access such as a stairway or ladder. The family's living quarters were on the floor above the ground, and during the times before the suppression of the reivers, were only reachable by a ladder which was pulled up from the inside at night. The windows were small or even only arrow slits.
Bastle houses have many characteristics in common with military blockhouses, the main difference being that a bastle was intended primarily as a family dwelling, instead of a pure fortification.
Many bastle houses survive today; their construction ensured that they would last a very long time, but most are either ruined or much altered for use as residences or farm buildings. They may be seen on both sides of the Anglo-Scottish border. Some well-preserved examples are Thropton Pele, Hole Bastle, Woodhouses Bastle and Black Middens Bastle.
# Hugh Dan MacLennan

Hugh Dan MacLennan (Scottish Gaelic: Ùisdean MacIllFhinnein) is a Scottish broadcaster, author and sporting academic with specific interest in the sport of shinty. A fluent Gaelic speaker from Lochaber, he attended the University of Glasgow before going on to teach Gaelic in Millburn Academy, Inverness (later becoming Principal Teacher) and then going to work with BBC Radio nan Gaidheal. He has been Secretary of the Gaelic Society of Inverness and both director and vice president of the Camanachd Association and was director of communications for Caledonian MacBrayne. In 1998 was awarded a PhD by the University of Aberdeen. McLennan is chief presenter and co-hosts the quiz show on Aibisidh on BBC Alba with Mary Anne McDonald. MacLennan has made several guest appearances on BBC Scotland programmes on life in the Scotland.
He has written several books and papers on the subject of shinty. He also played the game himself, appearing for Fort William and the Glasgow University Shinty Club.

## Commentary

MacLennan also commentates on Pro14 rugby matches on BBC Alba and many non-Gaelic speakers often comment on his near legendary performances such is the excitement and passion he brings to the sport, particularly when commenting on the play of Glasgow Warriors Fijian Scrum Half Niko Matawalu. Since 2012 MacLennan has presented Aibisidh, a quiz show on BBC Alba.
# Bulbophyllum adjungens

Bulbophyllum adjungens is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.
# Bulbophyllum affine

Bulbophyllum affine is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.
# Hugh Rice

Hugh Rice could refer to:
* Tom Rice (Hugh Thompson Rice Jr., born 1957), American politician
* Hugh Rice (astronomer), American museum director and amateur astronomer for whom the asteroid 1230 Riceia is named
# Batman: City of Crime

City of Crime is a Batman comic book story arc written by David Lapham, with art by Ramon Bachs and Nathan Massengill. It was originally published in 13 parts by DC Comics from January 2005 through February 2006 for Detective Comics, issues 800 through 808, then issues 811 through 814, and then later compiled as a trade paperback. These individual comics started in January 2005 and ended February 2006.

## Plot

In City of Crime, Batman investigates the disappearance of a young girl and unravels a labyrinthine conspiracy that stretches from Gotham City's powerful elites to its forgotten poor. In order to save the city he has sworn to protect, Batman will have to face old foes and a new nemesis spawned from its very depths. Noted villains appear in this novel such as The Ventriloquist, Mr. Freeze, and The Penguin. The universe that this story takes place in is the New Earth Universe.

## Reception

The reception for Batman: City of Crime has been generally positive. Readcomics.org praised the dark atmosphere and gritty character design. Further comment was given on the story not needing to rely on heavy character deaths or integral changes to the whole Batman universe. Reviewers expressed surprise at the dark, gritty, and often-graphic images this comic portrayed. They compared to other highly praised Batman titles, such as War Games. This graphic novel has also been praised by "bringing horror back to Batman."

## Issues

* #800 "Allone at Night"
* #801 "City of Crime Part 1"
* #802 "The Secret Keepers"
* #803 "The Horror Show"
* #804 "All You Need Is Love"
* #805 "The Heating Up"
* #806 "A City. Not My Own"
* #807 "Crown Point"
* #808 "The New Face"
* #811 "The Experiment"
* #812 "Pearls and Fine China"
* #813 "A Place of Fear"
* #814 "The Big Show"
# Bath Side Battery

Bath Side Battery was built in 1811 to cover the anchorage of the port of Harwich, Essex, England, as part of the same complex as the Redoubt, armed with 3 × 24-pdr (11kg) cannon. The battery was allowed to decay, and after 1990 excavations is marked out on the ground in front of the Anchor pub, Stour Road. This Public House has since been demolished. As of April 2019, the land is still unused, with future plans as yet unknown.
# Australian Sports Museum

The Australian Sports Museum (formerly the National Sports Museum) is a museum dedicated to Australian sport and is located within the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne, Australia. There are exhibits for sports such as cricket, Australian rules football, the Summer and Winter Olympic Games, tennis, rugby league, rugby union, soccer, basketball, boxing and netball. The Australian Sports Hall of Fame is also located within the museum along with the Australian Racing Museum and the Melbourne Cricket Club Museum.
The adjoining MCC Museum features exhibitions relating to the history of the Melbourne Cricket Club. On 6 October 2010, the Australian Racing Museum was absorbed into the Australian Sports Museum, which has now resulted in horse racing standing alongside other prominent Australian sports.
The museum was called the National Sports Museum, and closed in August 2019 for a $17.1 million redevelopment ($5 million of which was contributed by the state government). It is set to re-open (with the new name) in February 2020.

## Australian Gallery of Sport and Olympic Museum

Before the Australian Sports Museum opened, the Australian Gallery of Sport and Olympic Museum operated for 17 years before it closed. The museum was located in front of the former MCC Members Stand which opened in 1928, which was demolished at the same time as the museum. It initially opened on 22 November 1986 before closing to the public on 4 October 2003. More than 35,000 went through the museum in its final week in operation, when it was opened to the public for free in conjunction with access to the former MCC Members Pavilion.
# Charaxes thomasius

Charaxes thomasius is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found on the island of São Tomé.

## Taxonomy

The species is sometimes treated as a subspecies of Charaxes candiope. It is considered part of the Charaxes candiope group.

## Realm

Afrotropical realm.
# Meropidia

Meropidia is a genus of hoverflies in the subfamily Eristalinae.

## Species

* Meropidia flavens Ståhls & Hippa, 2013
* Meropidia neurostigma Hippa, 1983
* Meropidia nigropilosa Thompson, 1983
* Meropidia nitida Morales, 2013
* Meropidia rufa Thompson, 1983
# Art Garvey

Arthur Aloysius "Hec" Garvey (February 20, 1900 — September 23, 1973) was a professional American football offensive lineman. He played for nine teams in three leagues (APFA, NFL, AFL) over nine seasons.
# Australian Eight Ball Federation

The Australian Eight Ball Federation (or Eight Ball Federation Incorporated), formed in 1983 is the governing body in Australia for the sport of eight-ball pool, a cue sport also standardised under the name blackball, and distinct from the American-style game of eight-ball, itself subject to international competition.
Australia became a founding member in 1992 of the World Eightball Pool Federation.
The federation holds annual championships for team and individual for men's and ladies representation for Australia at the annual world championships.

## Member organisations

Founding Members (1983):
* Northern Territory – Northern Territory Eightball Association
* Queensland – Queensland Eight Ball Federation
* South Australia – Eight-Ball Association of SA
* Tasmania – Eightball Tasmania
* Victoria – Pool Victoria
* Western Australia – West Australian Eightball Federation (Inc)
Later members:
* New South Wales (1987) – NSW 8 Ball Federation
* Australian Capital Territory (1990) – ACT Eight Ball Association (ACTEBA)
# Music for Flute, Strings, and Percussion

Music for Flute, Strings, and Percussion is a piece written by Sofia Gubaidulina in 1994 dedicated to Pierre-Yves Artaud.
The instruments are divided into two sections, one of which is tuned a quarter-tone lower than the other. Gubaidulina (2001) describes, "in this way the potential of treating both halves as 'light' and 'shadow' emerges." She uses three chords, one major, one minor, and one whose third is exactly halfway between ("this triad possesses architectural significance, but also a symbolic meaning") being used at importance cadence points also determined by the five open strings of the higher orchestra section. The flute is in tune with this higher section, but through microintervals and glissandos also coincides with the lower section.
The piece has been recorded and released on:

## Sources

* ↑ Michael Kurtz, Malcolm Hamrick Brown, and Christoph K. Lohmann (2007). Sofia Gubaidulina, p.232. ISBN 978-0-253-34907-1.
* Classical music
* Music
# Chicago Curling Club

The Chicago Curling Club is located in Northbrook, Illinois, about 15 miles north of Chicago. It offers curling for men and women from October through April annually. The club was founded in 1948. Annual tournaments include the Open Bonspiel (October), Senior Men's Bonspiel (December), the Men's Bonspiel (January) and the Women's Bonspiel - Gloamin' Gaels (January). In odd numbered years the club hosts a mixed bonspiel in February.
The club hosted the 2010 United States Curling Association Mixed National Championship.
A small room in the club's building houses the American Curling History Museum.
# Comencini

Comencini (Italian:) is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Luigi Comencini (1916–2007), Italian film director
* Cristina Comencini (born 1956), Italian film director, scriptwriter and novelist, daughter of Luigi
* Francesca Comencini (born 1961), Italian film director and screenwriter, daughter of Luigi
* Fabrizio Comencini (born 1953), Italian Venetist politician
# Colonia Insurgentes San Borja

Colonia Insurgentes San Borja is a neighborhood in Benito Juárez, Mexico City.

## Location

Colonia Insurgentes San Borja is located in the Benito Juárez borough, in southern Mexico City.
The neighborhood is bordered by:
* Eugenia street on the north, across which is Colonia del Valle Centro
* Avenida de los Insurgentes Sur on the west, across which is Colonia Ampliación Nápoles, Ciudad de los Deportes and Colonia Noche Buena
* Av. Porfirio Díaz on the south, across which is Colonia del Valle Centro
* Patricio Sainz street, across which is Colonia del Valle Centro

## Description

Insurgentes San Borja is a residential neighborhood. Most of its buildings are two-level houses dating back to the 1940s and 1950s, including some important examples of California colonial architecture, which can be also seen in surrounding colonias such as Colonia Nápoles and Colonia del Valle.
In recent years, nevertheless, a few houses have been demolished, being replaced with apartment buildings; despite this, the neighborhood still keeps its traditional architectural style and vibe.
The colonia is sometimes mistaken as being part of Colonia del Valle, due to the fact of Insurgentes San Borja being surrounded on the north, east and south by Colonia del Valle.

## History

In the mid-1920s, the Avenida de los Insurgentes was paved and extended to San Ángel, this led to the foundation of the Extremadura Insurgentes, Nápoles, Narvarte and Insurgentes San Borja colonias in the 1930s and 1940s.
Before that, the area that is now Colonia Insurgentes San Borja was part of an 18th-century hacienda called Hacienda de San Borja.

## Education

Colonia Insurgentes San Borja is home to a private university: Universidad Humanitas Del Valle Campus, despite the fact that, as mentioned before, it is located in Insurgentes San Borja, which itself is not part of Colonia del Valle.

## Transportation
### Public transportation

The area is served by the Mexico City Metrobús and EcoBici bikeshare.
Metrobús stations
* Colonia del Valle
# Demirciören

Demirciören can refer to:
* Demirciören, Kızılcahamam
* Demirciören, Kurşunlu
# Demirdöven

Demirdöven (Turkish: "iron beater", i.e., blacksmith) may refer to the following places in Turkey:
* Demirdöven, Posof, a village in the district of Posof, Ardahan Province
* Demirdöven, Pasinler
* Demirdöven, Yusufeli, a village in the district of Yusufeli, Artvin Province
* Demirdöven Dam
# Demirdöven, Pasinler

Demirdöven is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Pasinler, Erzurum Province in Turkey. Its population is 1,045 (2022).
# Comet de Vico

The name comet de Vico may refer to one of these comets:
* 54P/de Vico-Swift-NEAT, discovered 1844 August 23
* 122P/de Vico, discovered 1846 February 20
* C/1845 D1 (de Vico)
* C/1846 B1 (de Vico)
* C/1846 O1 (de Vico-Hind)
* C/1846 S1 (de Vico)
# New Politics (1950s)

New Politics was a term used in the United States in the 1950s to denote the ascending ideology of that country's Democratic Party during that decade. It is strongly identified with Adlai Stevenson, the party's unsuccessful candidate for president in both 1952 and 1956; in each case, Stevenson lost to Republican Dwight Eisenhower.

## Ideology

The domestic policies advocated by the adherents of the New Politics movement stressed strong support for civil rights legislation, while in foreign affairs the movement favored a less aggressive posture toward the Soviet Union (criticizing "Cold War liberals" within the party such as Harry Truman and Dean Acheson), prompting its critics to accuse it of being "soft on Communism."

## Followers

Younger adults accounted for many of its members, and provided it with an aura of youthful vibrance — this fact leading some opponents to attempt to link it to so-called "beatniks" (that term having been coined in 1958 by San Francisco Chronicle columnist Herb Caen). However, this may not have been accurate as most of the prominent "Beat" writers of that era expressed little if any interest in electoral politics.

## History

The New Politics movement threw its support behind John F. Kennedy in his successful bid for the presidency in 1960, but was not happy with Kennedy's choice of Lyndon B. Johnson as his running mate. Soon thereafter, the New Politics movement found itself eclipsed by the more strident New Left as the putative purveyor of new ideas within the Democratic Party.
# Dendromecon harfordii

Dendromecon harfordii, known by the common names Channel Islands tree poppy and Harford's tree poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the poppy family.
It was formerly treated as subspecies of the related species Dendromecon rigida, and had the botanical name Dendromecon rigida subsp. harfordii.

## Distribution

The plant is endemic to San Clemente Island, Santa Catalina Island, Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island in the Channel Islands of California.
It is found in California coastal sage and chaparral habitats on the islands.

## Description

Dendromecon harfordii is a shrub or small tree reaching heights between 2–6 metres (6.6–19.7 ft). It has thin branching stems covered sparsely in smooth-edged, oval-shaped leaves 3 to 8 centimeters long.
It bears showy flowers with four bright yellow petals each 2 or 3 centimeters long.
The fruit is a curved, cylindrical capsule over 7 centimeters in length.

## Cultivation

Dendromecon harfordii is cultivated as an ornamental plant, for planting in native plant, drought tolerant, and wildlife gardens, and in natural landscaping projects.
# New Aberdour

New Aberdour is a small planned village in the Aberdour parish of Aberdeenshire, Scotland, situated south of Aberdour Bay on the Moray Firth. It lies 7 miles (11 km) west of Fraserburgh. One of the earliest churches in Scotland is said to have been founded here in 580 AD by Saint Drostan and Saint Columba.
In October 1797, William Gordon of Aberdour chose this high, exposed plateau for his "village upon an estate near the Kirk of Aberdour". He then invited "industrious tradesmen and labourers" to live there.
The Commercial Hotel was built, it is believed, in 1798. As of 2021, it is on Scotland's Buildings at Risk Register.
The harled parish church dates to 1818, designed by John Smith. It reuses the 1771 bellcote from the church of St Drostan in Aberdour.
During World War II, a German Heinkel He 115 crashed near a farm on Windyheads Hill. Local people assisted an injured airman. The story is documented in a 2018 book, North East Scotland at War: Events and Facts 1939–1945, which corrects the belief the aircraft came from Norway and ran out of fuel; it was actually from Germany and it crashed in bad weather.
# Colossus of the Naxians

The Colossus of the Naxians is a kouros statue made of Naxian marble which was about 9 metres high, now located in the Museum on Delos and originally from one of the islands of the Cyclades. The colossus is an example of archaic monumental sculpture and dates to the end of the seventh century BC. The colossus is one of the largest kouros statues yet known. Only the Kouros of Apollonas, which remains unfinished in the quarry at Apollonas [de], is larger at 10.7 m tall. The Colossus of the Naxians is now broken into many pieces.

## Statue

An inscription on the front of the base reported by Cyriacus of Ancona in the fifteenth century read "ΝΑΞΙΟΙ ΑΠΟΛΛΩΝΙ" (Naxioi Apolloni, "The Naxians (dedicated this) to Apollo"), so the marble sculpture is probably of Apollo.

### Description

The statue is broken into several parts. The base measures 3.48 x 5.08 metres, the upper torso is about 2.3 metres high and the lower torso is about 1.15 metres. The left foot, which is now kept in the British Museum is 0.57 metres long. There was a hole in the left hand to allow it to hold a bow. The head and the upper legs have been lost.
On the upper side of the lower torso there was a 20–30 cm wide bronze belt, which may have been discerned from the series of pinholes in the marble. On the sides of the upper torso, about 40 cm above the belt are holes into which the arms were fastened. On the neck are traces of ringlets. On the back of the base is an inscription which reads "[τ]ο̑ ἀϝυτο̑ λίθο̄ ε̄̓μὶ ἀνδριὰς καὶ τὸ σφέλας" (to awuto litho emi andrias kai to sphelas, "I am the same stone – both statue and base").

### Transport and erection

The colossus originated at a marble quarry near Melanes [de] on the Cycladian island of Naxos. It was not carved there, except for the most basic shaping and was transported to the port of Naxos, about ten kilometres away. The figure, which weighs about 30 tonnes, was then transported by ship to Delos. There were ships which could transport more than 40 tonnes, but the load was difficult to transport. Therefore, it has been suggested that the half-worked colossus was transported by two ships yoked together.
For the erection of the Colossus, a scaffold about 11 metres high would have been erected in order to pull it upright with pulleys and ropes. The statue stood in a prominent place, so that it could be seen from a distance and was taller than all known buildings on the island at the time. The statue would have had a weight of about 25 tonnes at this point; final details of the statue were only added after the statue had been set up.
# Committee for the Scientific Survey of Air Defence

The Committee for the Scientific Survey of Air Defence (CSSAD), also known as the Tizard Committee after its chairman, Henry Tizard, was a pre-World War II scientific mission to study the needs of anti-aircraft warfare in the United Kingdom. The Committee is best known for its role in shepherding the development of radar, and the building of the Chain Home radar array and its associated control centres. Winston Churchill credited the success of the Battle of Britain to this work.
CSSAD was formed in 1934. In September 1939, it was merged with the Committee for the Scientific Survey of Air Offence, which had been formed in 1937, and was also chaired by Tizard, to form the Committee for the Scientific Survey of Air Warfare (CSSAW). Tizard helped convince Churchill to hand over Britain's most important secret weapons technology to the Americans with no strings attached. The Tizard Mission (officially the British Technical and Scientific Mission) delivered the technology to the Americans in a simple black metal box at the height of the Battle of Britain. CSSAW was discontinued in June 1940.
# Denis Delfino

Denis Delfino (died 1626) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Vicenza (1606–1626).

## Biography

On 19 Jun 1606, Denis Delfino was appointed during the papacy of Pope Paul V as Bishop of Vicenza. On 2 Jul 1606, he was consecrated bishop by Giovanni Delfino, Cardinal-Priest of San Marco, with Fabio Biondi, Titular Patriarch of Jerusalem, and Metello Bichi, Bishop Emeritus of Sovana, serving as co-consecrators. He served as Bishop of Vicenza until his death in 1626.
# Denise Thomas

Denise Anne Thomas (born 22 December 1979) is a former international Association football player and CrossFit practitioner. She represented Ireland at senior level and played club football in England with Doncaster Belles and Leeds United, as well as in America with Boston Renegades.
Thomas, from Rotherham, began her career in the youth ranks of Chesterfield Ladies. She moved on to Doncaster Belles and played in the Yorkshire club's 2000 FA Women's Cup Final defeat. Thomas moved to America that summer on a college scholarship to Central Connecticut State University. She was named Northeast Conference Rookie of the Year in 2000 and Player of the Year in 2001.
In February 2002 Thomas returned from America and signed for Sunderland, who were bottom of the Premier League National Division. When Sunderland were relegated she moved to Leeds United and enrolled at the Football Association (FA) Player Development Centre at Loughborough University. She had also been approached by Birmingham City manager Marcus Bignot during the summer. In the middle of the 2002–03 season Thomas left Leeds and went back to America to complete her degree.
Thomas joined W-League club Boston Renegades for their 2005 season. In 2008, she was introduced to CrossFit and began competing the following year.
# Commotria invenustella

Commotria invenustella is a species of snout moth in the genus Commotria. It was described by Carlos Berg in 1885. It is found in Argentina and Uruguay.
# Commotria castaneipars

Commotria castaneipars is a species of snout moth in the genus Commotria. It was described by George Hampson in 1918 and is known from Malawi and South Africa.
# Common albatross

Common albatross may refer to:
* Birds in the family Diomedeidae, the albatrosses
* Butterflies of the genus Appias called albatrosses, and including:
** Appias albina, of India, Southeast Asia and Australia
** Appias paulina, found from India to Samoa
** Appias sylvia, of Africa
# Common artery

Common artery may refer to:
* Common carotid artery
* Common hepatic artery
* Common iliac artery
* Common interosseous artery
* Common palmar digital arteries
* Common plantar digital arteries
* Penile artery, also known as the common penile artery