OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Brigham

Brigham may refer to:

## Places

* Brigham, Cumbria, England
* Brigham, East Riding of Yorkshire, England
* Brigham City, Utah, USA
* Brigham, Wisconsin, USA
* Brigham, Quebec, Canada

## People

* Brigham (surname), including a list of people with the surname
* Brigham Young (1801–1877), second prophet and president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
** Brigham Young Jr. (1836–1903), American Mormon missionary and leader in the LDS Church, a son of Brigham Young
** Brigham Morris Young (1854–1931), Mormon missionary and entertainer, another son of Brigham Young
* Brigham D. Madsen (1914–2010), American historian
* Brigham McCown (born 1966), American entrepreneur and former government official
* Brigham Smoot (1869–1946), American Mormon missionary and businessman

## Institutions

* Brigham and Women's Hospital, a Harvard University affiliated teaching and research institution in Boston, Massachusetts
* Brigham Young University (BYU), in Provo, Utah, USA
* Brigham Young University–Idaho (BYU-Idaho or BYU-I)
* Brigham Young University–Hawaii
* Brigham Young College, Logan, Utah, USA

## Other uses

* HMS Brigham (M2613), a 1953 Ham class in-shore minesweeper
* Brigham (film), a 1977 American film
* Mercedes Brigham, a character in the Honorverse books by David Weber
* Mount Brigham, a mountain in Utah, USA
# Aquafin

Aquafin is a Belgium company, based in Aartselaar, owned by the "Vlaamse Milieuholding", specialized in wastewater treatment and mainly active in Flanders. Jan Goossens is the general manager of Aquafin.
The company was established in 1990 by the Flemish government. Its mission is to design, pre-finance, build and operate all supra-municipal infrastructure needed to treat domestic wastewater. Nowadays, Aquafin manages 311 wastewater treatment plants, over 6.000 km of supra-municipal collectors and 1.390 pumping stations and detention basins. Aquafin also offers its services for the expansion and management of the local municipal system. A municipality may choose to have a long-term partnership by means of a concession or award contracts to Aquafin on an ad hoc basis. In addition, they can join the joint ventures that Aquafin has with the water companies water-link, De Watergroep (RioAct and Rio-P) and Vivaqua.
Aquafin's subsidiary Aquaplus, focuses in Belgium on the operation of industrial wastewater treatment plants. Internationally, Aquaplus offers technological assistance and conducts a wide range of studies. Abroad the company mostly operates through partners and joint ventures.

## Sources

* Further EIB loan finance in support of water management programme in Flanders
* Aquafin (MBR-Network)
# David Bornstein (author)

David Bornstein is a journalist and author who specializes in writing about social innovation, using a style called solutions journalism. He has written three books on social entrepreneurship. He writes for the Fixes blog for The New York Times website, and is one of the co-founders of the Solutions Journalism Network.

## Personal

Bornstein was raised in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and now lives in New York City.

## Family

Bornstein is married, and he and his wife have one child, a son.

## Awards

He was awarded the 2007 Human Security Award for work in social entrepreneurship on October 25, 2007, which is given annually by the Coalition Advocating Human Security, a program of the University of California, Irvine. He also received the 2008 Leadership in Social Entrepreneurship Award from Duke University's Fuqua School of Business. He is additionally a co-recipient of the 2014 Vision Award, presented by Middlebury College's Center for Social Entrepreneurship.

## Books

* Social Entrepreneurship: What Everyone Needs to Know, co-authored with Susan Davis
* How to Change the World: Social Entrepreneurs and the Power of New Ideas
* The Price of a Dream: The Story of the Grameen Bank
# Jurjen

Jurjen is a Dutch given name. Notable people with this name include:
* Jurjen Battjes (born 1939), Dutch civil engineer
* Jurjen Bosch (born 1985), Dutch football player
* Jurjen Ferdinand Koksma (1904–1964), Dutch mathematician
* Jurrie Koolhof (full name Jurjen) (born 1960), Dutch football player and manager
# Marie-Lyne Joseph

Marie-Lyne Joseph (born 3 September 1982 in Guadeloupe) is a retired track and field athlete who represented Dominica.
She competed at the 2004 Summer Olympic Games in the women's 800 metres where she finished seventh in her heat so failing to advance.
# Mazhaikkalam

Mazhaikkalam (transl. Rainy season) is a 2012 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by Deepan and starring newcomer Sanjeevan, credited as Sriram, and Saranya Nag.

## Cast

* Sriram as Vijay
* Saranya Nag as Sophia
* Ganja Karuppu
* Krishna Kumar as Vijay's brother
* Jaya Sri as Vijay's sister-in-law
* Vel Chinnaswamy
* Winner Ramachandran

## Production

The film is directed by Deepan, who worked under R. B. Choudary. Debutante Sanjeevan and Saranya Nag play college students in the film. In an interview, Deepan expressed how he was not satisfied with the final outcome of the film. The film began production in 2010. Prior to release, the film made the headlines after it was reported that Saranya would appear nude in a crucial scene. Saranya then clarified that she wore a skin-toned costume, and the scene was shot aesthetically.

## Reception

A critic from The Times of India wrote that "Unfortunately, it is in this area [the script] that “Mazhaikkalam” falters. Debutant director Deepan’s construction of scenes is not only dull but also very predictable. Malathi Rangarajan of The Hindu opined that "If director Deepan had lent the same amount of concentration [that he gave to the last fifteen minutes] to the rest of the film, Mazhaikaalam could have been a thumbs-up show. But the narration lacks cohesion". A critic from The New Indian Express said that "Mazhaikalam is an example of good intentions going haywire". A critic from Behindwoods said that "Mazhaikkalam seems to have started off as a very interesting one line story" and added that "the makers ought to have developed their nutshell idea into a full fledged script which had interesting moments throughout".
# Maria Loja

Maria Loja (1890–1953) was a German stage and film actress.

## Selected filmography

* What Am I Without You (1934)
* Adventure on the Southern Express (1934)
* The Grand Duke's Finances (1934)
* What Am I Without You (1934)
* Make Me Happy (1935)
* I Was Jack Mortimer (1935)
* Augustus the Strong (1936)
* Don't Promise Me Anything (1937)
* Men Without a Fatherland (1937)
* The Grey Lady (1937)
* The Life and Loves of Tschaikovsky (1939)
* Men Are That Way (1939)
* Her First Experience (1939)
* A Salzburg Comedy (1943)
* Romance in a Minor Key (1943)
* The Buchholz Family (1944)
* Journey to Happiness (1948)
* The Spendthrift (1953)
# CENTD3

Arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARAP3 gene.
This gene encodes a phosphoinositide binding protein containing ARF-GAP, RHO-GAP, RAS-associating, and pleckstrin homology domains. The ARF-GAP and RHO-GAP domains cooperate in mediating rearrangements in the cell cytoskeleton and cell shape. It is a specific PtdIns(3,4,5)P3/PtdIns(3,4)P2-stimulated Arf6-GAP protein. An alternatively spliced transcript has been found for this gene, but its full-length nature has not been determined.
# Aquaflex

Aquaflex is a company in Southern California that was founded in 2000 as a research, development and manufacturer focusing on niche products to address failures in conventional solutions. Aquaflex specializes in construction brand of waterproof flooring installation and concrete repair products, centered around its patented waterproof adhesive technology.
# Exclusive economic zone of Cyprus

The Exclusive Economic Zone of Cyprus covers 98,707 square km (38,100 square miles) and is divided into 13 exploration squares. Cyprus' EEZ borders those of Greece, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel and Egypt. Turkey disputes the Cypriot claim.
The process of creating exclusive economic zones of Cyprus, Israel and Lebanon took place in Nicosia in 2010 with separate meetings between each country. Cyprus and Israel, as part of their broader cooperation, have agreed to start gas exploration with a joint US company, namely Noble Energy. The Cypriot and Israeli governments are discussing exporting their natural gas through the transport of compressed natural gas to Greece and then to the rest of Europe or through submarine pipelines starting from Israel and then leading to Greece via Cyprus.
# David Fieldhouse

David Kenneth Fieldhouse, FBA (7 June 1925 – 28 October 2018) was an English historian of the British Empire. Fieldhouse was born to missionary parents in Mussoorie, northern India. He was sent to England for his education at Dean Close School, Cheltenham, from 1938 to 1943. Fieldhouse then completed naval service, before reading history at The Queen's College, Oxford.
Between 1981 and 1992, Fieldhouse held the Vere Harmsworth Professorship of Imperial and Naval History at the University of Cambridge. Arguably the world's "leading imperial economic historian" he is most well known for his book, Economics and Empire, 1830–1914 (1973), which offered a trenchant account of how political and strategic factors, rather than economic impulses, comprised the primary motors of European imperial expansion.
Fieldhouse was a critic of the theories of imperialism put forward in the early 20th century by John A. Hobson and Lenin. He argued that they used superficial arguments and weak evidence. Fieldhouse said that the "obvious driving force of British expansion since 1870" came from explorers, missionaries, engineers, and empire-minded politicians. They had little interest in financial investments. Hobson's approach was to say that faceless financiers manipulated everyone else. "The final determination rests with the financial power." Lenin made the argument that capitalism was in its last stages and had been taken over by monopolists. They were no longer dynamic and sought to maintain profits by even more intensive exploitation of protected markets. Fieldhouse rejected these arguments as unfounded speculation.
During the course of his career he held academic posts at the University of Canterbury, Oxford University, and Cambridge University. Upon his retirement from Cambridge in 1992 his former students and colleagues published a festschrift entitled, Managing the Business of Empire: Essays in Honour of David Fieldhouse.
Fieldhouse remained an active Emeritus Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge in later life. He died in October 2018 at the age of 93.

## Selected bibliography

* "'Imperialism': An Historiographical Revision1." Economic History Review (1961) 14#2 pp: 187–209. online
* Colonial Empires: A Comparative Survey from the Eighteenth Century (1966)
* Economics and Empire, 1830–1914 (1973)
* Colonialism, 1870–1945: An Introduction (1981)
* "Can Humpty‐Dumpty be put together again? Imperial history in the 1980s." The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History (1984) 12#2 pp: 9-23. online
* Black Africa, 1945–80: Economic Decolonization & Arrested Development (1986)
* Merchant Capital and Economic Decolonization: The United Africa Company, 1929-87 (1994)
* The West and the Third World: Trade, Colonialism, Dependence and Development (Oxford: Blackwell, 1999)
* Western Imperialism in the Middle East, 1914–1958 (2006)
# Jungle shrew

The jungle shrew (Suncus zeylanicus) is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae endemic to Sri Lanka. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## Description

Its head and body are 10–12 cm (3.9–4.7 in) long, with an 8–9 cm (3.1–3.5 in) tail. Its pelage is dark gray above, and lighter in the underparts. Hairs appear dark at the base and lighter at the tip. The tail is short and gray, sometimes with a white tip.
# Dingle, Sweden

Dingle is a locality situated in Munkedal Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden with 900 inhabitants in 2010.
# Casas de Guijarro

Casas de Guijarro is a municipality in Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 135.
# ENHS

ENHS may refer to:
* Edinburg North High School, Edinburg, Texas, United States
* Eisenhower National Historic Site
* Encapsulated Nuclear Heat Source
* East Noble High School, high school in Kendallville, Indiana
# Charlesburg, Wisconsin

Charlesburg (also Charlesburgh) is an unincorporated community in the town of Brothertown in Calumet County, Wisconsin, United States.

## History

Charlesburg was settled in 1855. The first settler was probably Anton Reinl, an immigrant from Bohemia which was then part of Austrian Empire. Other early settlers were Raymond Lodes, Joseph Nadler, and Joseph Fisher. They spoke a dialect of German.
One of the landmarks in the community is its Catholic Church, called St. Charles Church. It opened in 1866 and closed in 2005.

## Location

Charlesburg is located on St. Charles Road at its intersection with Washington Road. It is considered part of the Holyland region in southern Calumet County.

## Notable residents

* Aloysius Leitner, military
* William Morgan, Wisconsin Attorney General

## Images

* Looking north at the entrance sign to Charlesburg
* St. Charles Church
# Black Mesa Test Range

Black Mesa is a rocket testing facility of the US Army in Utah. Many rockets of the Pershing type have been launched for testing from Black Mesa between 1963 and 1971.
# Michelle Ann Larkin

Michelle Larkin (born 1967) is an American lawyer and judge from Minnesota serving as a judge of the Minnesota Court of Appeals.

## Early life and education

Larkin earned her undergraduate degree from University of Minnesota in 1988 and worked for the Minnesota House of Representatives Judiciary Committee in the 1989 and 1990 legislative sessions. She earned her J.D. from William Mitchell College of Law in 1992, graduating magna cum laude.

## Career

From 1992 to 2001, Larkin worked as an attorney in the Hennepin County Public Defender's office. From 2001 to 2005, she worked there as a senior attorney and trial team supervisor.

## Judicial service

Governor Tim Pawlenty appointed Larkin to the district court bench on November 10, 2005. On June 24, 2008, he announced her appointment to the Court of Appeals seat previously occupied by Christopher Dietzen, whom Pawlenty had named to the Minnesota Supreme Court. Larkin was reelected in 2010, 2016, and 2022.
# Berberis valdiviana

Berberis valdiviana is a species of flowering plant in the barberry family Berberidaceae. It is an evergreen shrub endemic to Chile, where it is locally known as clen or espina en cruz. It is distributed between the Santiago Metropolitan and Los Ríos regions. The Latin specific name valdiviana refers to the Valdivia Province of Chile. It has simple, dark green, pointed leaves, glossy on the upper surfaces, up to 8.5 cm (3.3 in) long. The flowers, which appear in May, are grouped in hanging racemes. Individual flowers are orange, 5–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) across, and are followed by purplish fruits. It is grown as an ornamental plant, but is not suitable for colder regions.
In cultivation in the UK, where it eventually reaches a size of 4 metres (13 ft) tall and broad, this plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It is hardy in the UK down to −15 °C (5 °F).
# Edificio La Adriática, Madrid

The Edificio La Adriatica is a building at Plaza del Callao 3 and Gran Vía 39 in Madrid.

## History and features

It was designed by architect Luis Sainz de los Terreros in 1926. The construction took place between 1926 and 1928. It is crowned by a tower which had originally been projected as a never carried out lighthouse. The top of the tower is covered by a dome. Just below the tower two human figures lean up placidly against a clock: a female on the right, the Day; a male on the opposite side, the Night. These two statues are inspired on those sculpted by Michelangelo for the Medici Chapel.
Above the portal there is a large bronze sculpture representing the winged lion of Mark the Evangelist, which constitutes the insignia of the insurance company that gives the building its name. The lion holds a book with the inscription: "Pax tibi Marce, evangelista meus" ("Peace be with you, Mark, my evangelist").
The window on the first floor, just above the portal, is flanked by two human figures about three meters high made of Carrara marble. One of them holds a child on the left arm as a symbol of Protection; the other one holds a coin or ball that he keeps in his right hand as a symbol of Precaution or Savings. These two virtues are usually associated with the insurance industry.
During the postwar period, the shoe store Calzados Segarra was housed in its basement. They provided papers with advertising of their products and it was also a pioneer of coupon codes and sales seasons.
Spanish cupletista Celia Gámez lived on the third floor of this building.

## Gallery

* Lion of Saint Mark and statues of Protection and Precaution.
* Clock with statues representing Day and Night
# Duncker

Duncker is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alexander Duncker (1813–1879), German publisher and bookseller
* Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Duncker (1781–1869), German publisher
* Franz Duncker (1822–1888), German publisher, politician, and social reformer.
* Georg Duncker (1870–1953), German ichthyologist
* Hans Julius Duncker (1881–1961), German ornithologist
* Hermann Duncker (1874–1960), German Marxist politician, historian and social scientist
* Joachim Zachris Duncker (1774–1809), Swedish soldier
* Karl Duncker (1903–1940), German psychologist
* Käte Duncker (1871–1953), German activist and politician
* Maximilian Wolfgang Duncker (1811–1886), German historian and politician
* Patricia Duncker (born 1951), British novelist and academic
* Wolfgang Duncker (1909–1942), German journalist and film critic
# Black books of hours

Black books of hours are a type of luxury Flemish illuminated manuscript books of hours using pages of vellum that were soaked with black dye or ink before they were lettered or illustrated, for an unusual and dramatic effect. The text is usually written with gold or silver ink. There are seven surviving examples, all dating from about 1455–1480.
The parchment was soaked in an iron-copper solution and as a result could only be inscribed with gold or silver lettering. The process was both expensive and corrosive to parchment, so surviving examples are few and generally in poor condition. These manuscripts were produced in the mid- to late-15th century for high-ranking members of the court of Philip the Good and Charles the Bold. Given their novel visual appeal, they were probably prized more highly than more conventional illuminated books.
The Burgundian court had a preference for dark, somber colourisation, and the extant works in this style were mostly commissioned for them. Only the wealthiest nobility could have afforded such books, and a contemporary taste for mournful colours—often reflected in the styles of the day—was reflected in the black, gold and silver of the manuscripts. Some of the miniatures in the books, notably in the Morgan library Black Hours, are linked to a follower of Willem Vrelant due to stylistic resemblance to faces from some of his known works.

## Extant

The surviving manuscripts of this type include;
* Black Hours, Morgan MS 493, Morgan Library, New York
* Black Hours of Galeazzo Maria Sforza, Austrian National Library, Vienna
* (some pages only) Hours of Mary of Burgundy, Austrian National Library

## Gallery

* Black Hours, Morgan MS 493, Pentecost, Folios 18v, c 1475–80. Morgan Library & Museum, New York. Each folio 170 x 122 mm
* Black Hours of Galeazzo Maria Sforza; f32v, 33r. The Evangelists and John Gospels
* Folios from the "Hours of Mary of Burgundy", c 1477
# Ernst Finger

Ernst Anton Franz Finger (name also spelled Ernest; 8 July 1856 – 17 April 1939) was an Austrian dermatologist born in Prague. He was a leading authority regarding venereal disease.
In 1878 he obtained his medical doctorate at the University of Vienna, and later was an assistant to Hermann Edler von Zeissl (1817–1884) and Isidor Neumann (1832–1906) at the Vienna clinic of skin diseases and syphilis. Beginning in 1883 he worked as a privat-docent of dermatology, becoming an associate professor in 1894. From 1904 to 1927 he served in Vienna as director of the second department of dermatology and sexually transmitted diseases.
He was the author of the highly regarded Die Blennorrhoe der Sexualorgane und ihre Complicationen (Blennorrhea of the sexual organs and associated complications), a book that was published in several editions, and also Die Vererbung der Syphilis, a book that was an edition of Jean Alfred Fournier's work on congenital syphilis. Other noted works by Dr. Finger include.
* Die Syphilis und die venerischen Krankheiten (Syphilis and venereal diseases), (three editions 1886–1896).
* Die Pathologie und Therapie der Sterilität beim Manne (The pathology and treatment of sterility in men); (1898).
From 1906 to 1919 he was president of the Wiener Ärztekammer (Vienna Medical Association), and from 1925 to 1931, he served as president of the Obersten Sanitätsrates (Supreme Health Council).
# Bishop Ryan

Bishop Ryan might refer to one of the following schools:
* Bishop Ryan High School, in Minot, North Dakota, United States
* Bishop Ryan Catholic Secondary School, in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
# Michelle Anches

Michelle Anches was a woman who claimed to be the Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia.
Michelle made plans to travel to see her purported grandmother, the Dowager Empress of Russia, but she was killed in her house under very mysterious circumstances before being able to travel and do so.
The remains of all members of the Romanov family killed at Ekaterinburg in 1918, including Grand Duchess Tatiana, have been discovered and identified through DNA testing, confirming Anches was an imposter.
# Berk Jodoin

Berk Jodoin is a Canadian folk and country singer-songwriter from Leader, Saskatchewan. He is most noted as a Canadian Folk Music Award nominee for Indigenous Songwriter of the Year at the 18th Canadian Folk Music Awards.
Of Métis-Cree descent, Jodoin released his self-titled debut album in 2020, and followed up in 2022 with Half-Breed.
# Omiodes leucostrepta

Omiodes leucostrepta is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by British entomologist Edward Meyrick in 1886. It is found in Tonga and Fiji.
# Justice (research)

In research ethics, justice regards fairness in the distribution of burdens and benefits of research. For example, justice is a consideration in recruiting volunteer research participants, in considering any existing burdens the groups from which they are recruited face (such as historic marginalisation) and the risks of the research, alongside the potential benefits of the research.

## Defining research justice

The most commonly recognized source for drawing attention to the importance of justice is the Belmont Report, which used the term "justice" to describe a set of guidelines for the selection of research subjects. This is a critical safeguard to making clinical research ethical.
# Edwin Bousfield

Edwin James Bousfield (21 May 1838 – 8 January 1895) was an English cricketeer active from 1860 to 1878 who played for Lancashire. He was born in Manchester and died in Torquay. He appeared in sixteen first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who sometimes kept wicket. He scored 321 runs with a highest score of 32 and completed 23 catches with five stumpings.