OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Artistic swimming at the 2023 Pan American Games – Qualification

The following is the qualification system and qualified countries for the artistic swimming at the 2023 Pan American Games scheduled to be held in Santiago, Chile from November 2 to 5, 2023.

## Qualification system

A total of 80 artistic swimmers will qualify to compete at the games. As host nation, Chile qualifies the maximum team size of nine athletes (eight athletes + a reserve). Seven other teams will qualify (each with nine athletes). Each team will also be required to compete in the duet event with athletes already qualified for the team event. A further four countries will qualify a duet only.
The United States and Canada, as being the only members located in zone 3 and zone 4 respectively, automatically qualify a full team. The South American region and the Central American and Caribbean region will qualify three teams and five duets each. Therefore, a total of eight teams and twelve duets will qualify.

## Qualification timeline

| Event | Date | Venue |
| 2022 South American Games | October 7–9, 2022 | Asuncion, Paraguay |
| 2023 Central American and Caribbean Games | June 24–28, 2023 | San Salvador, El Salvador |

## Qualification summary

| NOC | Team | Duet | Athletes |
| Argentina | | X | 2 |
| Aruba | | X | 2 |
| Brazil | X | X | 9 |
| Canada | X | X | 9 |
| Chile | X | X | 9 |
| Colombia | X | X | 9 |
| Costa Rica | | X | 2 |
| Cuba | X | X | 9 |
| El Salvador | X | X | 9 |
| Mexico | X | X | 9 |
| United States | X | X | 9 |
| Uruguay | | X | 2 |
| Total: 12 NOC's | 8 | 12 | 80 |

## Team

| Competition | Quota(s) | Qualified |
| Host nation | 1 | Chile |
| Zone 3 | 1 | United States |
| Zone 4 | 1 | Canada |
| 2022 South American Games | 2 | Brazil Colombia |
| 2023 Central American and Caribbean Games | 3 | Mexico El Salvador Cuba |
| Total | 8 | |

## Duet

| Competition | Quota(s) | Qualified |
| Host nation | 1 | Chile |
| Zone 3 | 1 | United States |
| Zone 4 | 1 | Canada |
| 2022 South American Games | 2 | Brazil Colombia |
| 2022 South American Games | 2 | Argentina Uruguay |
| 2022 Central American and Caribbean Games | 3 | Mexico El Salvador Cuba |
| 2022 Central American and Caribbean Games | 2 | Aruba* Costa Rica |
| Total | 12 | |
* Aruba originally qualified a team, but declined the spot in favour of just a duet. Cuba replaced Aruba in the team event.
# Apechtes mexicanus

Apechtes mexicanus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Thomson in 1860. It is known from Guatemala, Honduras and Mexico.
# Blanche Margaret Milligan

Blanche Margaret Milligan was an early 20th century American author of books for pre-teen and teenage readers. Her books were published by the Lutheran Book Concern (Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio), which was established in 1881 in Columbus, Ohio, and which became a part of the American Lutheran Church in 1930. The books feature stories and adventures of young characters who learn the love of God through everyday occurrences.
# Michael Russo

Michael Russo may refer to:
* Michael Russo (sportswriter), American sports journalist for The Athletic
* Michael Russo (rugby league) (born 1983), rugby league footballer of the 2000s
* Michael Russo of Ralph & Russo
# Carryover effect

The carryover effect is a term used in clinical chemistry to describe the transfer of unwanted material from one container or mixture to another. It describes the influence of one sample upon the following one. It may be from a specimen, or a reagent, or even the washing medium. The significance of carry over is that even a small amount can lead to erroneous results.

## Carryover effect in clinical laboratory

Carryover experiments are widely used for clinical chemistry and immunochemistry analyzers to evaluate and validate carryover effects. The pipetting and washing systems in an automated analyzer are designed to continuously cycle between the aspiration of patient specimens and cleaning. An obvious concern is a potential for carryover of analyte from one patient specimen into one or more following patient specimens, which can falsely increase or decrease the measured analyte concentration. Specimen carryover is typically addressed by judicious choice of probe material, probe design, and an efficient probe washing system to flush the probe of residual patient specimens or reagents retained in their bores or clinging to the probe exterior surface before they are introduced into the next patient sample, reagent container, or cuvette/reaction vessel.

## Significance in carryover assessment

The pathological range of measurement could be of several order to reference interval(e.g., Sex hormone, Tumor marker, Troponin...etc.). A small portion of carryover could lead to erroneous results.

## Carryover assessment

IUPAC made a recommendation in 1991 for the description and measurement of carryover effects in clinical chemistry. The carryover ratio is the percentage of H3 carry to L1 constituting the carryover portion "h". In a design of 3 high samples followed by 3 low samples, h can be calculated as (L1 - mean of L2&L3) / (H3 - mean of L2&L3)
The carryover ratio's acceptance criteria depend on the measurement and the laboratory concerned. For example, 1% carryover of plasma albumin would generally lead to a clinically insignificant effect, while 1% carryover of cardiac High sensitivity Troponin assay would be catastrophic.
# Enderrock

Enderrock is a monthly musical magazine published in Catalan, since 1993. It specializes in the promotion of pop-rock music in the Catalan language and around Catalan speaking areas.
On 2004 it was awarded with a National Award for the social promotion of Catalan language by Government of Catalonia. Since 2001, Enderrock also organizes Sona 9 musical talent contest and the Enderrock awards. Magazine is published by Grup Enderrock, led by Lluís Gendrau. They also publish 440Clàssica.
The magazine's name is a play on words because "enderroc" can mean "demolition" or "overthrow" in Catalan, similar to how rock music can be seen as disruptive.
# Harpactea sadistica

Harpactea sadistica is a species of dysderine spider, found only in Israel. It was first described in 2008.

## Description

Both sexes have the same body characteristics. The length of the pale yellow-brown, smooth carapace ranges from 1.1 to 1.7 mm. The legs are pale yellow, with the first two pairs darker than the other two. The cylindrical, whitish opisthosoma is 2.3 mm long in the holotype specimen. The tip of the embolus of the male resembles the tip of a hypodermic needle, and the vulva of the female is atrophied.

## Ecology

Harpactea sadistica probably exhibits an annual lifecycle. Eggs are laid from March to April. The species is found in woodlands dominated by Quercus calliprinos and pine plantations, and in steppe habitats where Asphodelus is predominant.

## Traumatic insemination

Harpactea sadistica is the first spider species – and the first member of the entire subphylum Chelicerata – found to use traumatic insemination. The males have specialized genital structures at the pedipalps that are adapted to grip the female and inject the sperm, using a structure resembling a hypodermic needle. After positioning himself, the male pierces the female on both sides and injects the sperm directly into the ovaries, resulting in about eight holes in two rows. Consistent with the modified mating behavior, the spermathecae of the female, which normally store received sperm, are weakly developed in this species.
Whereas in other spiders the eggs are fertilized only when laid, in this special case fertilization takes place at the moment of insemination, and develop as embryos before being laid.
This behavior seems to have evolved in order to ensure that the mating male is also the one providing the sperm for the progeny. Spermathecae fertilize the eggs with the sperm of the last mating male. With the adaption of traumatic insemination, the male ensures that his sperm will be used, circumventing this mechanism.
Like many other spider species, H. sadistica has elaborated mating rituals preceding the insemination, involving tapping the female, subduing her and wrapping himself around her in order to position himself prior to insemination.

## Name

The species name refers to the seemingly sadistic habit of stabbing the body cavity of the female.
# Chaillu Massif

The Chaillu Mountains are a mountain range straddling southern Gabon and the Republic of Congo which is named after the French explorer Paul Du Chaillu, who explored and documented this region in the 19th century.
The highest peaks are Mont Iboundji (980m), and Mt Mimongo (1020 m). The rocks of the range are sedimentary in origin.
The range is home to the rises of several rivers including the Louesse, Ogoulou, Ikoy, Lolo, Lekoko, Lebombi, and Offoue.
# CFF Estudiantes de Huelva

Club de Fútbol Femenino Estudiantes de Huelva was a Spanish women's football team from Huelva created in 1998 and disbanded in 2006. A founding member of the new Superliga Femenina in 2001, it was the city's leading women's club until its disappearance. Its major success was reaching the 2003 Copa de la Reina final, which they lost to CE Sabadell.
Estudiantes folded three years later after collapsing financially. Real Sociedad took up their place in Superliga while Sporting Huelva became Huelva's first team.

## Season to season

| Season | Division | Place | Copa de la Reina |
| 1998–99 | 1ª | 3rd | |
| 1999–00 | 1ª | 3rd | |
| 2000–01 | 1ª | 4th | First round |
| 2001–02 | 1ª | 5th | Quarterfinals |
| 2002–03 | 1ª | 5th | Runner-up |
| 2003–04 | 1ª | 6th | |
| 2004–05 | 1ª | 12th | |
| 2005–06 | 1ª | 7th | |

## Former internationals

* Brazil: Andréia Suntaque, Kátia Teixeira.
* Portugal: Edite Fernandes.
* Spain: Sonia Bermúdez, Priscila Borja, Vanesa Gimbert, Auxiliadora Jiménez, Keka Vega.
# C10H12

The molecular formula C$_{10}$H$_{12}$ (molar mass: 132.20 g/mol, exact mass: 132.0939 u) may refer to:
* Basketane
* Dicyclopentadiene
* 2,4-Dimethylstyrene
* 2,5-Dimethylstyrene
* Tetralin
# Michael White

Michael or Mike White may refer to:

## Academics

* Michael White (criminologist) (born 1951), professor of criminology at Arizona State University
* Michael White (psychotherapist) (1948–2008), inventor of narrative therapy
* Michael J. D. White (1910–1983), British zoologist
* L. Michael White, American theologian

## Journalism and literature

* Michael White (author) (1959–2018), British science writer and novelist
* Michael White (journalist) (born 1945), associate editor and former political editor of The Guardian newspaper
* Michael K. White (born 1961), American writer
* Mike White (journalist), New Zealand investigative journalist, photographer and author
* Mike White (born 1972), journalist and filmmaker and host of The Projection Booth podcast

## Music

* Michael White (clarinetist) (born 1954), New Orleans jazz musician
* Michael White (singer), country music artist
* Michael White (violinist) (1933–2016), jazz musician
* Michael White & the White, American hard rock combo and occasional Led Zeppelin tribute band
* Mick White (born 1967), English hard rock singer
* Trippie Redd (Michael White IV, born 1999), rap artist from Canton, Ohio

## Sports

* Michael White (baseball) (born 1968), first-round pick by the L.A. Dodgers in the 1986 draft
* Michael White (bobsleigh) (born 1964), Jamaican Olympic bobsledder
* Michael White (cricketer) (1913–2003), English cricketer
* Michael White (footballer) (born 1987), Waitakere United player
* Michael White (snooker player) (born 1991), Welsh snooker player
* Mick White (Gaelic footballer) (Gaelic footballer) (born 1941)
* Mike White (American football coach) (born 1936), American football coach and former head coach
* Mike White (baseball) (born 1938), American baseball player
* Mike White (basketball) (born 1977), men's basketball head coach at the University of Georgia
* Mike White (defensive lineman) (born 1957), former American football player
* Mike White (quarterback) (born 1995), American football quarterback
* Mike White (softball) (born 1967), American softball coach

## Theater, television, and film

* Michael White (producer) (1936–2016), British theatre and film producer
* Michael Jai White (born 1967), American actor and martial artist
* Mike White (filmmaker) (born 1970), film and television writer

## Politics and law

* Michael White (judge) (born 1953), Irish High Court judge
* Michael D. White (1827–1917), member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Indiana
* Michael R. White (politician) (born 1951), former mayor of Cleveland, Ohio

## Others

* Michael White (businessman), owner of the Rite-Hite company
* Michael White (British Army officer) (1791–1868), British Army general
* Michael White (chef), American chef
* Michael R. White (U.S. veteran), U.S. Navy veteran imprisoned in Iran
# Michelle Andrews

Michelle "Shelley" Andrews OAM (born 19 November 1971 in Newcastle, New South Wales) is a former field hockey midfielder from Australia, who was a member of the Australia women's national field hockey team, known as the Hockeyroos, that won the gold medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. She now uses her married name of Mitchell and went on to coach at Teddington Hockey Club, Greater London. These day, Mitchell lives in the Gold Coast, Queensland, working as a Health and Well-being Manager for Surfing Australia. She has three children with her husband, Euan Mitchell.
On 26 January 1997, Andrews was awarded the Order of Australia in "recognition of service to sport as a gold medallist at the Atlanta Olympic Games 1996". On 22 June 2000, Andrews was awarded the Australian Sports Medal for hockey achievements.
# CIOB

CIOB may stand for the following:
* Chartered Institute of Building, United Kingdom
* Chemin de Fer Impérial Ottoman de Baghdad — The Baghdad Railway
* Central Indian Ocean Basin, an abyssal plain
# CION-FM

CION-FM is a French-language Canadian radio station located in Quebec City, Quebec.
Owned and operated by the Fondation Radio Galilée, it broadcasts on 90.9 MHz with an effective radiated power of 5,865 watts (class B) using an omnidirectional antenna. The station's transmitter is located at Mount Bélair.
The station has a religious broadcasting (Christian) format since it went on the air on September 19, 1995, and identifies itself as "Radio Galilée".
# Michael Seal

Michael Seal (born 3 May 1970) is a British orchestral conductor and classical violinist. Since 2011 he has served as the Associate Conductor of the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra (CBSO), having served previously as the orchestra's Assistant Conductor. He is only the second conductor to be given the title of Associate Conductor at the CBSO. The first was Harold Gray who served in that capacity for several decades until his retirement in 1972. In addition to his conducting, Seal played in the violin section of the CBSO from 1992 to 2014.

## Life and career

Seal was born in London and raised in Rochester, Kent where he began his violin studies at the age of nine. He attended Chatham Grammar School for Boys and played in the Kent County Youth Orchestra, first as a violist and later as the orchestra's first violin and concertmaster. He continued his musical studies at the Royal Birmingham Conservatoire, where he won the Birmingham Philharmonic Concerto Prize. He joined the CBSO as a violinist in 1992.
He began conducting with the Birmingham Philharmonic Orchestra in 1996 and later conducted the CBSO as well as playing in its first violin section. Several times he stepped in to conduct the CBSO on very short notice. In 2004 he substituted Sakari Oramo to conduct the world premiere of Richard Causton's Between Two Waves of the Sea. In 2011 he substituted Ilan Volkov in a concert of Scandinavian music. Seal was appointed Assistant Conductor of the CBSO in 2005 and Associate Conductor in 2011. He relinquished his post in the CBSO's violin section in 2014 to devote himself full-time to conducting.
Seal is also known for his work with youth orchestras. He has served a Principal Conductor of the Birmingham Schools Orchestra and frequently conducts the CBSO Youth Orchestra. As a guest conductor he has conducted several UK and international orchestras, including the BBC Symphony Orchestra, Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra, Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra, Norwegian Radio Orchestra, and the Brussels Philharmonic.
Seal is also a keen cricketer. A fine pace bowler, Seal took five wickets in a match during the 2018 season.
# Augustus Berkeley, 4th Earl of Berkeley

Lieutenant-Colonel Augustus Berkeley, 4th Earl of Berkeley, KT (18 February 1715 – 9 January 1755) was the son of Vice-Admiral James Berkeley, 3rd Earl of Berkeley, and the former Lady Louisa Lennox.

## Biography

He was made an ensign in the 1st Regiment of Foot Guards in November 1734, and succeeded his father on 17 August 1736 as 4th Earl of Berkeley, 12th Baron Berkeley and 4th Viscount Dursley. In 1737, he was created Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire and Constable of St. Briavel's Castle, offices which he held until his death, and was made lieutenant-colonel of the 2nd Regiment of Foot Guards. On 9 June 1739, he was invested as a knight of the Order of the Thistle. In October of that same year, the Foundling Hospital received its royal charter, a charity for which Berkeley was a founding governor.
From 1738 until 1741, he was having a well-known relationship with the already married Frances Vane, Viscountess Vane. He married Elizabeth Drax, daughter of Henry Drax and Elizabeth Ernle, on 7 May 1744. They had at least three sons, including Frederick Augustus, 5th Earl of Berkeley and George Cranfield Berkeley, and a daughter, Elizabeth Craven. The earl died on 9 January 1755 and was buried on 17 January 1755 at Berkeley, Gloucestershire. His wife, Elizabeth, was buried at St James's Church, Piccadilly, on 6 January 1777.
# Blanche M. Manning

Blanche Marie Manning (née Porter; December 12, 1934 – September 20, 2020) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.

## Early life and education

Manning was born on December 12, 1934, in Chicago. She received a Bachelor of Education from Chicago Teachers College in 1961, a Juris Doctor from John Marshall Law School in 1967, a Master of Arts from Roosevelt University in 1972, and a Master of Laws from the University of Virginia School of Law in 1992.

## Legal career

From 1968 to 1973, Manning served as an assistant attorney in the Cook County, Illinois State Attorney's Office. From 1973 to 1977, Manning worked as a supervisory trial attorney for the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in Chicago. She was also a lecturer at Malcolm X College from 1970 to 1971.
In 1977, Manning began work as a corporate litigation attorney for Chicago-based United Airlines. A year later, Manning transitioned to the role of assistant United States attorney for the Northern District of Illinois, a role she held from 1978 to 1979. During that same time, Manning was an adjunct professor at the National Conference of Black Lawyers Community College of Law. In 1979, she started her judicial career as an associate circuit court judge in Cook County, where she served until 1986.
Manning was a lead circuit judge in the Illinois Cook Judicial Circuit Court from 1986 to 1987. In 1987 she was elected as a justice in the Illinois First District Appellate Court of the Illinois Appellate Court, becoming the first African-American female member of the court. From 1992 to 1994, Manning also worked as an adjunct professor at the DePaul University College of Law.

### Federal judicial service

On May 5, 1994, President Bill Clinton nominated Manning to serve as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois to a seat vacated by Milton Shadur, who assumed senior status on June 25, 1992. Manning was confirmed by the Senate on August 9, 1994, and received her commission on August 10, 1994. On February 1, 2010, Manning assumed senior status. She died on September 20, 2020, aged 85.

### Notable ruling

Manning is known for sentencing Mark Whitacre, a whistleblower in the Archer Daniels Midland lysine pricefixing case. Mark Whitacre's sentence was harsher than that of his superiors at the ADM company and has been often spotlighted for deterring future whistleblowers.
# Cart (disambiguation)

A cart is a two-wheeled vehicle or device designed for transport.
Cart may also refer to:
* Cart (film)
* Carts (film)
* River Cart, a river in Scotland
* Fidelipac, a type of audio tape cartridge used in broadcasting
* ROM cartridge, a removable component of an electronic device
* Baggage cart
* Golf cart
* Shopping cart
* Sling cart
* Cart, a term used for notices posted by tabloid talk shows to recruit guests
* Cart, slang word for Cannabis Vaporizer
# Angaataha language

Angaatiha (also known as Angaatiya, Angaataha, or Langimar) is the most divergent of the Angan languages in the Trans-New Guinea language family. It is native to the Menyanya District of Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. As of 2015 it was estimated that there were 2,500 speakers. Ethnic speakers of the region who speak Angaatiha are called Angaatiya. The status of the language is categorized as a level 5 developing language. Its ISO code is agm.
Like most languages spoken in Papua New Guinea, Angaatiha contains the subject-object-verb word order and utilizes the Latin script.
The Angaatiha language is notable for its usage of varying pragmatic sequencing dependent on whether a sentence contains temporal or logical information.

## Classification

American linguist Merritt Ruhlen gave the following classification of Angaatiha in his book A Guide to the World's Languages Volume 1: Classification:
* Indo-pacific Languages
** New World Languages
*** Major
**** Central-Western
***** Angan
****** Language of Angaatiha

## Temporal and logical sequencing

The Angaatiha language features two forms of pragmatic sequencing, each respectively reserved for situations that require conveying temporal and logical information. Both temporal and logical sequencing have been described as having either "loose" and "tight" relationships between sentences. Much like that of the Kâte language, also spoken in the Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea, "tight" and "loose" sequencing in Angaatiha holds a relationship of "continuing pragmatic effects from one event to the next" versus "a lingering pragmatic effect that continues indefinitely".

## Language sample

Translated sample in Angaataha of the Book of Genesis of the Bible:
Angaatiha:
* Nsihi aimihuraari Autaahaatiho yamihapatuni yapipatuni ahaitantaihi kahapaamipipa nopisasinati ahontaise. Ahotihi Autaahaatihomi Itipiho kaiwaami autaahi ntaayataise. Iyataati nahataapipihi asihatamataise. Asihatamasihi Autaahaatiho santaase saasanetane tihi saasanentaise. Saasanetihi Autaahaatiho imonatati nkaatihi otapihaate ta ampihintaase. Iyati asihatintihanti yantihi apatihe ta ampihintaase. Iyati kaihi asisiha nsiha noaipataise. Aihi Autaahaatiho santaase waapoho natapaatati wo autaahi niyonihi wo yatihi noti nimantane ntaase. Tihi kiyati noaipataise. Aihi waapoho tipitapaatimpipihapi yamihapate ta ampihintaase. Aihi siyati kaihi asisiha kapiha sanausotaise.
English:
* "In the beginning God created heaven and earth. The earth was formless and empty, and darkness covered the deep water. The spirit of God was hovering over the water. Then God said, "Let there be light!" So there was light. God saw the light was good. So God separated the light from the darkness. God named the light "day", and the darkness he named "night". There was evening, then morning, the first day. Then God said, "Let there be a horizon in the middle of the water in order to separate the water". So God made the horizon and separated the water above and below the horizon. And so it was. God named what was above the horizon "sky". There was evening, then morning, a second day."
# En Concierto

En Concierto may refer to:
* En Concierto (1983 Timbiriche album)
* En Concierto (1999 Timbiriche album)
* En Concierto (Ska-P album)
* En concierto (Julio Iglesias album), 1983