OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Courier (1812 ship)

Courier was built at Baltimore in 1812. The British captured her in 1813 and she became a British merchantman based in Jersey. She was wrecked in February 1819.

## Career

Courier was built in Baltimore in 1812 and had been commissioned on 26 September 1812. She sailed to France under the command of Captain Robert Davis.
On 14 March 1813 HMS Andromache captured the Baltimore letter of marque Courier, off Nantes. Courier, Captain Robert Davis, was sailing back to Baltimore from Nantes. She arrived at Plymouth on 21 March.
Courier appeared in Lloyds Register (LR) in 1813 with Clements, master, LeQuesne, owner, and trade Plymouth–Jersey. She is described as a schooner, two years old, and an American prize.
Captain John Clement acquired a letter of marque on 27 July 1813.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1815 | Clement | Le Quesne | Plymouth–Jersey | LR |
| 1820 | Clement | Le Quisne | Plymouth–Newfoundland | Register of Shipping (RS) |

## Fate

A letter from Jersey dated 22 February 1819, reported that "Courier, of this port, late Mauger"' had struck a rock 4 nautical miles (7.4 km) off Jersey. She sank just outside the port. By cutting her masts and discharging part of her cargo she was later refloated and taken in to Jersey in a severely damaged condition. She had been on a voyage from Rio de Janeiro to Jersey; her sugar and coffee was totally spoilt. The Weymouth-Channel Islands packet Countess of Liverpool rescued the crew.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Cranwell & Crane (1940), p. 378.
* 1 2 3 4 "Letter of Marque, p.57 - accessed 25 July 2017" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
* ↑ "No. 16713". The London Gazette. 20 March 1813. p. 582.
* ↑ Lloyd's List (LL) 23 March 1813, №4755.
* ↑ LR (1813), Supple.pages "C", Seq.№77.
* ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 5365. 2 March 1819. hdl:2027/uc1.c2735029.
* ↑ Mayne (1971), p. 8.
# Christmas on Ganymede

"Christmas on Ganymede" is a science fiction short story by American writer Isaac Asimov. It was written in December 1940, first published in the January 1942 issue of Startling Stories, and reprinted in the 1972 collection The Early Asimov and the anthology Christmas on Ganymede and Other Stories, edited by Martin H. Greenberg. It was the twenty-sixth story written by Asimov, and the nineteenth to be published.
In his autobiography In Memory Yet Green, Asimov had this to say about Christmas on Ganymede: "I was trying to be funny, of course. I had this terrible urge to be funny, you see, and had already indulged in humor in more than one story. Writing humor, however, is harder than digging ditches. Something can be moderately well written, or moderately suspenseful, or moderately ingenious, and get by in every case. Nothing, however, can be moderately humorous. Something is either funny, or it is not funny at all. There is nothing in between."
"Christmas on Ganymede" was later included in an early Foundation Series timeline that was published in Thrilling Wonder Stories along with the story "The Portable Star".

## Setting

As the title indicates, the story is set on the Jovian moon Ganymede, the first story by Asimov set on that world. In the story, Ganymede has an oxygen atmosphere (which is not quite breathable by humans), and its own native flora and fauna, including a moderately intelligent native race, called Ossies for their resemblance to ostriches. There is a human settlement on Ganymede which is run by the Ganymedan Products Corporation, which exports wolframite, karen leaves, and oxite to Earth, and which employs the Ossies as a labor force.

## Plot summary

The humans on Ganymede face a crisis caused by Olaf Johnson, who was inspired by the impending Christmas season to tell the Ossies about Santa Claus. Now the Ossies want a visit from Santa, and they refuse to work until they get one. This will cause Ganymedan Products to fall short of its quota, costing the company its franchise on Ganymede, and costing its employees their jobs. Scott Pelham, the Commander of the base, orders his men to stage a visit by Santa, with Johnson in the starring role. A flying sleigh is built out of gravo-repulsors and compressed air jets, and eight local animals called spinybacks, after being dosed with brandy to keep them docile, are harnessed to it to serve as reindeer. Johnson, dressed vaguely like Santa, manages to fly the contraption to a crude lodge where the Ossies are waiting for him. He leaves Christmas tree ornaments in their stockings, which the Ossies take to be Santa Claus eggs. All seems well, until the Ossies demand a visit from Santa every year, and one of the men realizes they mean once every Ganymedan revolution, which is just over seven Earth days.
# Buxeuil, Aube

Buxeuil is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France. Buxeuil is one of the smallest communes in the Côte des Bar region of southern Champagne.

## History

The area around Buxeuil was settled by Celtic tribes in the antiquity. The name derives from the Latin and means literally field of the box trees (buxus=box tree; ielas=field). In the end of the 19c Buxeuil became a charming little village with an own town hall. In 1911 the Champagne Riot caused much turmoil, but the village could maintain the Appellation Champagne.

## Sights

Buxeuil's is home to a village church built in the 13th to 16th centuries. Other sights are the two ancient wash houses and the old pressoir of Champagne Moutard on Grande Rue. Its best known attractions are the visitor's offices of Champagne Moutard and Champagne Gruet as well as the reception rooms of many smaller champagne producers.
# Hermes (1811 ship)

Hermes was built in Quebec in 1811. She traded widely before she made two voyages as a whaler to the British Southern Whale Fishery. She was wrecked in 1822 during the second voyage.
The wreck was found at Pearl and Hermes atoll in the 21st century, an atoll for which the ship is also a namesake along with another ship.

## Career

A letter dated 16 May 1812 reported that Hermes had been re-registered at London. She entered Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1813 with Harvey, master, Haslop, owner, and trade London–Smyrna.
LR for 1816 showed Hermes with W.Moore, master, changing to J.Streffen, Haslop, owner, changing to Douglas & Co., and trade London–West Indies.
On 30 November 1818 Hermes, Bond, master, put into Lerwick, leaky. She had been sailing from Archangel to London. She had had to throw part of her cargo overboard.
LR for 1819 showed Hermes with Bond, master, changing to Taylor, owner Douglas, changing to Gales, and trade London–Havana, changing to London–South Seas.
1st whaling voyage (1819–1820): Captain J. Taylor sailed from London 6 April 1819. Hermes returned on 5 September 1820.

## Fate

In 1820 Captain Taylor sailed from London bound for the Sandwich Islands, for Hermes's 2nd whaling voyage.
Hermes was lost on 26 April 1822 in the South Seas. Her crew were rescued. She was wrecked on a coral reef in the NW of the Hawaiian Islands. Hermes was in company with the whaler Pearl, which also was wrecked at the same time. Pearl was wrecked first; Hermes wrecked when she came to Pearl's assistance. The 57 men from both crews were able to land on one of the atoll's small islands. They were able to salvage provisions that enabled them to survive for some months. They also salvaged timbers that they used to build a 30-ton (bm) schooner that they named Deliverance. Fortuitously Thames sailed by and rescued most of the survivors before Deliverance had been completed. Still, James Robinson, carpenter on Hermes who had led the construction, and eleven other survivors chose to sail Deliverance to Honolulu. There Robinson and another of the crewmen formed the James Robinson & Co boat repair company.
LL reported on 18 April 1823 that both Hermes and Pearl had been wrecked and that their crews had been saved.
Pearl and Hermes gave their name to the Pearl and Hermes Atoll.
As late as 1870s the keel stem and stern could be seen on the bottom.
Postscript: The wreck of what may have been Hermes or Pearl was discovered 20 September 2004 at the atoll.
# Putrescine N-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase

In enzymology, a putrescine N-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.138) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    caffeoyl-CoA + putrescine $\rightleftharpoons$ CoA + N-caffeoylputrescine
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are caffeoyl-CoA and putrescine, whereas its two products are CoA and N-caffeoylputrescine.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is caffeoyl-CoA:putrescine N-(3,4-dihydroxycinnamoyl)transferase. Other names in common use include caffeoyl-CoA putrescine N-caffeoyl transferase, PHT, putrescine hydroxycinnamoyl transferase, hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:putrescine hydroxycinnamoyltransferase, and putrescine hydroxycinnamoyltransferase.
# Canterbury Treasure

The Canterbury Treasure is an important late Roman silver hoard found in the city of Canterbury, Kent, south-east England, ancient Durovernum Cantiacorum, in 1962, and now in the Roman Museum, Canterbury, Kent. Copies of the main items are also kept in the British Museum.

## Discovery

The hoard was discovered during road works just outside the city walls in 1962, close to the site of the Roman London Gate. Declared treasure trove, it was bought by the city council to be displayed at the Roman Museum which had been established the year before. However, five objects appeared on the London antiquities market in 1982 that were originally part of the treasure but had not been declared at the time of its discovery. They were again declared as treasure trove and purchased a year later. The Canterbury Treasure was probably buried in the early 5th century AD, when the Romans were withdrawing their garrisons from Britain. The owner of the treasure, who may have been a silversmith, buried it for safe-keeping, only to never reclaim it.

## Description

The treasure is mostly composed of small silver objects and jewellery. Many of the artefacts have Christian iconography on them. The silver objects include two spoons with swan-shaped handles, ten spoons (one engraved with a sea stag, another with the words in Latin 'viribonum'-'I belong to a good man'), a toothpick, a rough bar and three ingots which each weigh one Roman pound. The jewellery include a gold finger ring with an inset green glass stone, a gold necklace clasp and a silver pin. One of the coins in the treasure was minted at Milan in the time of Emperor Honorius which means the hoard must have been buried sometime after 402 AD.
# George Rocks

The George Rocks, also historically known as King George's Rocks, is part of the Waterhouse Island Group, a group of three adjacent uninhabited granite islets and associated reefs with a combined area of 7 hectares (17 acres), situated in Banks Strait, part of Bass Strait, lying close to the north-eastern coast of Tasmania, Australia.
Seal hunting took place early in the 19th century. Captain James Kelly took seals there in 1816, and Thomas Tucker is recorded sealing on the rocks in 1827. Captain Kelly applied for a lease to establish a bay whaling station at a small sandy beach on the west side of the largest of the rocks in 1841
Other islands in the Waterhouse Group include Ninth, Tenth, Waterhouse, Little Waterhouse, Maclean, Baynes, Gygnet, Swan, Foster, Little Swan, St Helens and Paddys islands and Bird Rock islet.

## Fauna

Recorded breeding seabird species are little penguin, short-tailed shearwater, white-faced storm-petrel, silver gull, black-faced cormorant and crested tern. Introduced mammals are rabbits and rats (it was announced in February 2021 that all the rats had been eradicated). The metallic skink is present.
# Ernest Alexandre Lauth

Ernest Alexandre Lauth (14 May 1803 – 24 March 1837) was a French anatomist. He was the son of anatomist Thomas Lauth (1758-1826).

## Education and career

He studied medicine at Strasbourg, receiving his doctorate in 1824 with a thesis on lymphatic vessels. He later became an associate professor of anatomy to the Faculté de médecine at Strasbourg. He was associated with several scientific societies, including being a resident member of the Société d'histoire naturelle de Strasbourg.
He is remembered for his pioneer investigations of the lymphatic system in birds and humans. In 1829 he published a handbook that provided a detailed account involving the injection and preparation of lymph vessels (in regards to anatomical viewing).

## Selected works

* Essai sur les vaisseaux lymphatiques. Strasbourg, 1824.
* Memoire sur les vaisseaux lymphatiques des oiseaux et sur la maniere de les preparer. Ann Sci Nat 3: 381, 1825.
* De 1'injection et de la preparation des vaisseaux lymphatiques, 1829.
* Nouveau manuel de l'anatomiste : comprenant la description succincte de toutes les parties du corps humain et la manière de les préparer, suivie de préceptes sur la confection des pièces de cabinet et sur leur conservation. Paris : Levrault, 1829; second edition (1835) revised and greatly expanded.
# Peter Arbo

Peter Arbo may refer to:
* Peter Arbo (academic) (born 1953), Norwegian social scientist
* Peter Nicolai Arbo (1831–1892), Norwegian historical painter
* Peter Nicolaj Arbo (1768–1827), Norwegian-Danish timber trader and landowner
# Christopher E. Mason

Christopher E. Mason is a professor of Genomics, Physiology, and Biophysics at Weill Cornell Medicine. He is also one of the founding Directors of the WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction together with Olivier Elemento. Mason has co-founded four biotechnology startup companies including Onegevity Health, Biotia, BridgeOmics, and Nurture Genomics. He holds four patents related to his research.

## Education

Mason completed his dual BS in genetics and biochemistry from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 2001. He did his PhD in genetics from Yale University in 2006. He completed a post-doctoral fellowship in clinical genetics at Yale Medical School, while also serving as a visiting fellow of genomics, ethics, and law at the Information Society Project at Yale Law School. Mason began work at Weill Cornell Medical College in 2009.

## Career
### Human Spaceflight Research

Mason was a principal investigator for the NASA Twins Study. He also led the first demonstration of sequencing in zero gravity and designed the genomics and bioinformatics methods and experimental protocols that were used on the International Space Station (ISS) for the mission to sequence DNA in space for the first time. The results looks promising for Mars mission. This work also led to Mason's selection as the chair of the steering committee for the NASA GeneLab Data and Sample Archive (2018-2022) and has highlighted Weill Cornell Medicine on two NASA mission patches. Mason also was selected by the National Academy of Sciences for the Decadal Survey for NASA.

### Microbe Research

In 2013, Mason launched the PathoMap project to create the first genetic map of a city. This study led to the establishment of the International MetaSUB Consortium. Mason's group additionally elucidated the underlying microbial mechanisms for the pink color of Lake Hillier.

### Research Software

In addition to producing journal articles, Mason's laboratory has also released 12 open-source software packages in genomics, epigenomics, metagenomics, and machine learning (methylKit, r-make, MeRiPPeR, eDMR, methclone, mCaller, genomation, DISCO, UNFOG, CNVision, TWG Browser, Metagenscope).
# Buxeuil, Indre

Buxeuil is a commune in the Indre department in central France.
# Bowman's Folly

Bowman's Folly, is a historic home located near Accomac, Accomack County, Virginia. Captain Edmund Bowman patented the land in 1664, the current structure was built about 1815 by General John Cropper Jr., who had been born in the house in 1755 (his mother being Bowman's daughter and heir). Cropper ordered it demolished and a grander building erected after construction of a hill to allow better vistas during the War of 1812. The current building has a 2+1⁄2-story, main block with a 1+1⁄2-story wing. The main block has brick ends with interior end chimneys and frame fronts on the north and south. It has a64 gable roof with dormers. The front facade features a Palladian window and pedimented entrance porch. Also on the property are a frame kitchen, now connected to the main house by a hyphen; frame dovecote, and frame privy.
The house has the name of Edmund Bowman; he regretted his decision to locate at the swampy site in the 1660s (hence the suffix "Folly") after his son died of disease. Although the house has been rebuilt, its name still recalls the pioneer incident. The present house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.
# Commander of the Air Force Research Laboratory

The commander of Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) is responsible for managing the Air Force's science and technology program as well as additional customer funded research and development. The commander is also responsible for a workforce of approximately 10,800 people in the laboratory's component technology directorates, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and the 711th Human Performance Wing.
Below is a list of commanders of Air Force Research Laboratory and the terms in office.

## List of commanders of the Air Force Research Laboratory

| No. | Name | Term start | Term end | Term length |
| 1 | Major General Richard R. Paul | Apr 1997 | 2000 | |
| 2 | Major General Paul D. Nielsen | Apr 2000 | 2004 | |
| 3 | Major General Perry L. Lamy | Jun 2004 | Nov 2005 | |
| 4 | Major General Ted F. Bowlds | January 2006 | November 2007 | |
| 5 | Major General Curtis M. Bedke | Oct 2007 | Feb 2010 | |
| 6 | Major General Ellen M. Pawlikowski | February 12, 2010 | May 2011 | |
| 7 | Major General Neil McCasland | May 2011 | July 2013 | |
| 8 | Major General Thomas J. Masiello | July 29, 2013 | May 2016 | |
| 9 | Major General Robert D. McMurry Jr. | May 2016 | May 2, 2017 | |
| 10 | Major General William T. Cooley | May 2, 2017 | January 15, 2020 | 2 years, 258 days |
| 11 | Brigadier General Evan Dertien | January 15, 2020 | June 18, 2020 | 155 days |
| 12 | Major General Heather L. Pringle | June 18, 2020 | June 5, 2023 | 2 years, 352 days |
| 13 | Major General Scott A. Cain | June 5, 2023 | July 10, 2024 | 1 year, 35 days |
| 14 | Brigadier General Jason E. Bartolomei | July 10, 2024 | Incumbent | 90 days |
# Lembeh

Lembeh is an island off the north east coast of Sulawesi near the city of Bitung.
Lembeh Island is 25 km long and 2 km wide. Lembeh Island is separated from the mainland of Sulawesi by a narrow stretch of water known as the Lembeh Strait.
The Lembeh Strait is world-known for its extremely high density of rare and unusual marine life, in particular frogfish, rare species of octopus, seahorses and nudibranchs.
Lembeh Strait is a destination favoured by experienced scuba divers and underwater photographers from all over the world.
Due to the protected geographical features of Lembeh Strait, diving is available throughout the year and would be rarely cancelled due to bad weather.
Several resorts are available on Lembeh Island for divers from all over the world.
# Ernest Alfred Vizetelly

Ernest Alfred Vizetelly (1853–1922) was an English journalist and author.

## Life

He was a son of the English publisher Henry Vizetelly, by his first marriage to Ellen Elizabeth Pollard. He was known as a war correspondent.
Ernest was present with his father at the Siege of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War and wrote a memoir of his experiences, My Days of Adventure: The Fall of France, 1870–71, which also contains an autobiographical introduction.
He edited some translations of Émile Zola's works that had previously been published by his father between 1884 and 1889, as well as producing his own translations.
When Zola fled France for England during the Dreyfus Affair in 1898, Vizetelly supported and advised Zola.

## Works by Zola edited or translated by E.A. Vizetelly

Many of Ernest Vizetelly's translations of Zola were based on work done by anonymous translators who, each to some degree, expurgated the texts. Following the publication of the translation of La Terre, Vizetelly & Co. was prosecuted for obscenity by the National Vigilance Association, causing him to re-edit, rewrite, and further bowdlerize the English versions of the Rougon-Macquart series, and as such they are almost universally considered to be of inferior quality.
* The Downfall, translated by E. A. Vizetelly (London: Chatto & Windus, 1893)
* Doctor Pascal, translated by E. A. Vizetelly (London: Chatto & Windus, 1894)
* Money, translated by Ernest A. Vizetelly (London: Chatto & Windus, 1894)
* The Ladies' Paradise, edited with an introduction by Ernest Alfred Vizetelly (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1895)
* A Love Episode, translated with a preface by E. A. Vizetelly (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1895)
* The Fat and the Thin, translated with an introduction by E. A. Vizetelly (London: Chatto & Windus, 1896)
* The Dram Shop, edited with an introduction by E. A. Vizetelly (London: Chatto & Windus, 1897)
* His Excellency, edited with a preface by Ernest A. Vizetelly (London: Chatto & Windus, 1897)
* The Fortune of the Rougons, edited with an introduction by Ernest Alfred Vizetelly (London: Chatto & Windus, 1898)
* Abbé Mouret's Transgression, edited with an introduction by Ernest Alfred Vizetelly (London: Chatto & Windus, 1900)
* The Conquest of Plassans, edited with an introduction by Ernest Alfred Vizetelly (London: Chatto & Windus, 1900)
* Germinal, edited with a preface by E. A. Vizetelly (London: Chatto & Windus, 1901)
* The Joy of Life, edited with a preface by E. A. Vizetelly (London: Chatto & Windus, 1901)
* His Masterpiece, edited with a preface by E. A. Vizetelly (London: Chatto & Windus, 1902)
* The "Trois Villes" series: I, "Lourdes," II, "Rome," and III, "Paris," as translated by Ernest A. Vizetelly, (The Three City, 1899) is published in London by Chatto and Windus, in New York by the Macmillan Co.
* "Fruitfulness" ("Fécondité"), translated by E. A. Vizetelly. London, Chatto; New York, Doubleday.
* "Work" ("Travail"), translated by E. A. Vizetelly. London, Chatto.
* "Truth" ("Vérité"), translated by E. A. Vizetelly. London, Chatto; New York, John Lane.
# Eusaproecius

Eusaproecius is a genus of Scarabaeidae or scarab beetles in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea.
# Patrick Henry Richardt House

Patrick Henry Richardt House was a historic home located in downtown Evansville, Indiana. It was built in 1861.$^{:Part1}$ It has been demolished.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 and delisted in 1991.