OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Francesco Comelli

Francesco Comelli (1744 in Parigi – 1816 in Bologna) was an Italian scientific instrument maker with considerable expertise in foundry and metalworking.
Comelli was a skilled craftsman who made machines, instruments, and clocks, and an innovator in the design of metal presses. In 1780 he was appointed "regulator" of the public clock in Bologna. A device designed by Comelli was used by Gianbattista Guglielmini in experiments to measure the rotation of the earth in 1791.
# Buffon, Côte-d'Or

Buffon (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department, in eastern France.

## Personalities

* Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon established ironworks there (Forges de Buffon).
# EgyptSat 1

EgyptSat 1 or MisrSat-1 was Egypt's first Earth remote sensing satellite. This satellite was jointly built by Egypt's National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences together with the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau in Ukraine and was launched on board a Dnepr rocket on 17 April 2007 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
The effort was spearheaded by Dr. Aly Sadek, chairman of the Egyptian Council for Space Science and Technology Research. It in many ways was considered a huge step for the Egyptians since it marked the first time they opted for technology transfer during the manufacturing the satellite rather than simply purchasing one (as in case of the Nilesat satellites). On 23 October 2010, the National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences announced that control and communication with the satellite had been lost since July 2010.

## History

In 2001, Egypt posted an international tender for the development of the first Egyptian satellite for the observation and remote sensing and bidders from Ukraine, UK, Russia, Korea and Italy competed for the deal.
on June 26, 2001 KB Yuzhnoe design bureau from Ukraine announced winner and on October 24, a contract had been signed in Egypt.
A consortium consisted of KB Yuzhnoe design bureau and sub-contractors Ukrainian companies:
* Yuzhnoye - prime contractor responsible for the platform and the launch
* Yuzhmash - Scientific Research Institute of Radio Engineering Measurements
* Khartron-Konsat and Khartron-Yukom - Research and Scientific Production Enterprises
* KONEX - State Research and Production Enterprise
* CONECS - responsible for the development of the two optical payloads, the onboard payload command and data handling subsystem, as well as for the development of the data processing in the ground segment
* Arsenal - optics manufacturing

### Achievements and future plans

* EgyptSat 1 Launched successfully on April 17, 2007.
* EgyptSat 2 with spatial resolution of 5.4 metres (18 ft) was planned to be launched on October 1, 2013 but the launch was put on hold in 2011 following all contact being lost with EgyptSat 1. EgyptSat 2 launched into orbit 16 April 2014; last contact with the satellite was April 14, 2015.
* DesertSat with spatial resolution of 2.5 metres (8 ft 2 in) which specialized in identifying and monitoring desert resources is planned to be launched in 2017.
The objective of the three satellites is to provide comprehensive images of Egypt.

## Equipment

Egyptsat 1 is considered a miniaturized satellite weighing 100 kg and is carrying two devices: an infrared sensing device and a high resolution multispectral imager together with store and forward communications payload.
# Miss Chinese International Pageant 1995

Miss Chinese International Pageant 1995 was held on January 22, 1995 in Hong Kong. The pageant was organized and broadcast by TVB in Hong Kong. Miss Chinese International 1994 Saesim Pornapa Sui crowned Hsiang-Lin Ku of Taipei, Chinese Taipei as the winner.

## Pageant information

The theme to this year's pageant is "Worldly Beauty, Gathered in China" (世界艶影 薈萃中華). The Masters of Ceremonies were Eric Tsang, Emil Chau and Law Ka-Ying.

## Results

| Placement | Contestant | City Represented | Country Represented |
| Miss Chinese International 1995 | Hsiang-Lin Ku 谷祥鈴 | Taipei | Chinese Taipei |
| 1st Runner-Up | Darabhorn Bhakdeeratna 陳星光 | Bangkok | Thailand |
| 2nd Runner-Up | Edna Wei 韋以苓 | Los Angeles | USA |
| Top 5 Finalists | Linda Lai 黎秀蘭 Halina Tam 譚小環 | Johannesburg Hong Kong | South Africa Hong Kong |
| Top 10 Finalists | Liang Ni 倪亮 Angela Tong 湯盈盈 Anita Phang 范綺雯 Evan Chin 秦順薏 Elizabeth Lin 林儀 | Honolulu Montréal Ipoh Kuala Lumpur Singapore | USA Canada Malaysia Malaysia Singapore |

### Special awards

* Miss Friendship: Gloria Hui 許家寶 (Vancouver)
* Miss Best in Swimsuit: Hsiang-Lin Ku 谷祥鈴 (Taipei)

## Crossovers

Contestants who previously competed or will be competing at other international beauty pageants:

### Miss World

* 1994: Macau : Chen Ji-Min

### Miss Universe

* 1995: Hong Kong: Halina Tam
# Esteban de Aguilar y Zúñiga

Esteban de Aguilar y Zúñiga (13 August 1606 – 1681) was a Spanish theologian and writer. He was born in Escalona del Alberche on 13 August 1606 and died in Madrid some time after 1681. He was the son of writer and humanist Juan de Aguilar Villaquirán.

## Education and career

Originally a hidalgo nobleman from both parents, he chose the religious career, was ordained a priest, obtained a doctorate in theology and took up residence in the Villa de Madrid. In October 1656 he participated with a tenth, a sonnet, a lyre, a gloss and some limericks in the Angelic Contest organized for the celebration of the Dedication of the New Temple of Saint Thomas", because the Old Temple of the Convent of St. Thomas Aquinas, formerly known as "El Colegio de Atocha "- burned, by an oversight of the neighbors on 14 August 1652.
In the twilight of his life, from 1678–1679, he was dean of the renowned College of the town of Escalona. At the same time he held the position of censor of books and his name appears on several "Censorships" and "Endorsements", the first dated in 1663 and the last in 1681; from this last fact it is deduced that he reached seventy-five years old and perhaps surpassed it.

## Works

While very young, at twenty-two, he wrote Corona de predicadores (Crown of preachers), a sermon on Saint Stephen which was later printed (Madrid: Maria de Quinones, 1636). At thirty six years old he produced Combates de Job con el demonio (Job's Battles with the devil) (Madrid: Carlos Sanchez, 1642).
Other works include la Quaresma (Lent) or Sermones para ella (Sermons for her) (1657), some single poems for the angelic contest (1657) and la Estatua y árbol con voz, política, canónica y soñada (the Statue and the tree with a political, canonical and dreamy voice (1661).
He translated from Latin into Castilian los Tártaros en China (Tartars in China) by father Martí Martinio (1665) and la Corte Divina (the Divine Court) or Palacio Celestial (the Celestial Palace) by Nicolás Causino (1675) and from Portuguese into Castilian, Laurea lusitana (Lusitanian Laurea), first part (s.a.) and Part II (1679 ).

## Sources

* Theodora Grigoriadu, Doctoral dissertation La obra de Luciano samosatense, orador y filósofo excelente (The work of Luciano, the Samosan, orator and excellent philosopher), Manuscript 55 of the Menéndez y Pelayo library: 2010 edition and study.
# Belarus–Cuba relations

Belarus and Cuba established diplomatic relations on 16 April 1992. Both countries are members of the Non-Aligned Movement. Belarus has an embassy in Havana and Cuba has an embassy in Minsk.

## History

In 2007, Cuba was one of 33 countries to vote against a United Nations General Assembly resolution titled "Situation of human rights in Belarus".
Following the 2020 Belarusian presidential election, Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel reiterated the island's solidarity with the "legitimate president of that country, Alexander Lukashenko, and the brother Belarusian people."
In 2023, Lukashenko said he was glad to receive an envoy from Cuba. “I think it is unnecessary to say anything about Belarusian-Cuban relations, to characterize them. We have always maintained warm and friendly relations. You should know that we will follow these approaches,” Lukashenko stressed, noting that both countries have unique views, and there is no dissent in the diplomatic, political, and even ideological spheres. “When preparing for this meeting and studying the entire range of trade and economic relations, I discovered that we need to seriously bring economic and trade issues closer to the political ones,” Lukashenko said.
# Bulbophyllum stenobulbon

Bulbophyllum stenobulbon is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.
# Anopheles balabacensis

Anopheles balabacensis is a species of mosquito in the Culicidae family. The scientific name of this species was first published in 1936 by Baisas.
# Batavia (cloth)

Batavia, also known as Batavia silk and Levantine, was initially a silk fabric used for dresses in 18th-century France.
In the 19th century, the material was made using greige silk in the warp and schappe silk in the weft. The fabric was also known as "Levantine". Imitations of it were made in cotton.

## Name

Batavia was named after the city where it was made Batavia (now Jakarta).

## Levantine

Levantine was a glazed cotton material woven with four harness twill weave. Initially, it was exported to Britain from the Levant.
# Guildo hat euch lieb!

"Guildo hat euch lieb!" (German pronunciation:; "Guildo loves you!") was the German entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1998, performed in German by Guildo Horn & Die Orthopädischen Strümpfe. The song was performed ninth on the night, following Israel's Dana International with "Diva" and preceding Malta's Chiara with "The One That I Love". At the close of voting, it had received 86 points, placing 7th in a field of 25.

## Background

Written by television host Stefan Raab under the pseudonym "Alf Igel" (a reference to prolific composer Ralph Siegel), the song is a tongue-in-cheek parody of the schlager style for which Germany had become known at previous contests. Horn (whose backing band's name translates as "the Orthopedic Stockings") sings about his desire to return to "a time of tenderness / when 'Caressing' and 'Cuddling' and 'Loving' / were always written with capitals" and "when [he] daily wrote in a poetry book: / 'Yoo hoo hoo – I love you'".
He promises the objects of his affections – singing in the third person – that if they are ever sad, he will come to their house and sing songs. Later still he expresses a desire to fly away to the stars, before explaining, "if the stars weren't so far away / and from there I'd send you the proof of my love: / nut wedges and raspberry ice cream".

## Eurovision Song Contest

The song was performed ninth on the night, following Israel's Dana International with "Diva" and preceding Malta's Chiara with "The One That I Love". At the close of voting, it had received 86 points, placing 7th in a field of 25. The performance was equally tongue-in-cheek, with Horn climbing on the lighting gantries of the stage while dressed in a green velvet shirt, as well as playing a series of cowbells during the song. He also came into the audience, and ruffled the hair of Katie Boyle, former Eurovision hostess and guest of honour. Perhaps unsurprisingly, footage of this performance appeared in a montage of "unforgettable performances" at the Congratulations special in late 2005. The single release also saw a video produced with a similarly irreverent take on things. While the song did not win, it is credited with rekindling German interest in the contest, as well as paving the way for Raab's own entry two years later with "Wadde hadde dudde da?". Following Austria's "Boom Boom Boomerang" and Belgium's "Euro-Vision", it is considered to be the third parody song to make an appearance at the contest.
It was succeeded as German representative at the 1999 contest by Sürpriz with "Reise nach Jerusalem – Kudüs'e seyahat".
# Collective title

A collective title is an expression by which two or more pieces of legislation may, under the law of the United Kingdom, be cited together. A famous example is the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.

## Construction of references to citation with a group of Acts that have a collective title

Section 2(2) of the Short Titles Act 1896 reads:
   If it is provided that any Act passed after this Act may, as to the whole or any part thereof, be cited with any of the groups of Acts mentioned in the Second Schedule to this Act, or with any group of Acts to which a collective title has been given by any Act passed before this Act, that group shall be construed as including that Act or part, and, if the collective title of the group states the first and last years of the group, the year in which that Act is passed shall be substituted for the last year of the group, and so on as often as a subsequent Act or part is added to the group.
This provision is derived from section 1(3) of the Short Titles Act 1892.

## Effect of repeal

Section 19(2) of the Interpretation Act 1978 does not authorise the continued use of a collective title previously authorised by a repealed enactment.
# Pterolophia obliquata

Pterolophia obliquata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning and de Jong in 1941.
# Martin Battersby

George Martin Battersby (12 February 1914 – 3 April 1982) was a British trompe-l'œil artist and theatrical set decorator who became an expert on Art Nouveau and the style of the 1920s and 1930s.

## Early career

Battersby was born in London. His father was a retail jeweller but Martin was drawn to the visual arts and he first trained as a draughtsman at Gill & Reigate. Later, he worked at Liberty's and then studied acting at RADA. His stage career was eclipsed by an interest in set design and painting and his first commission was for the Old Vic production of Hamlet with Laurence Olivier in 1937. This was followed by commissions for the Royal Shakespeare Company at Stratford. A 1956 profile in The Sketch has a page portrait by Hans Wild. The writer states: "Battersby assured me that he has never in his life attended an art school, or even had any art lessons. He is entirely self-taught."

## Cecil Beaton

Battersby continued to expand his experience by working in the antiques trade and buying for his own eclectic collection. In the 1940s he worked for a short time as assistant set designer to Cecil Beaton and worked on the 1945 production of Lady Windermere's Fan. He later fell out with Beaton, as he did with other collaborators.

## Art

His career as an artist developed in parallel with other activities and he held his first one-man show in 1948 at the Brook Street Gallery, London. Shows on both sides of the Atlantic followed. He became a master of the trompe-l'œil form and his work often reflected his obsessions with theatrical masks and sphinxes. Battersby also produced easel paintings and large scale murals and enjoyed the support of a wide group of patrons in the 1950s and 1960s. His first mural commission was from Lady Diana Duff Cooper in 1950, and other patrons included Audrey Pleydell-Bouverie, the Countess of Kenmare, Denis Martineau (for whom Battersby did seven panels at Mompesson House), Evelyn Waugh and John Profumo, as a present for his wife, Valerie Hobson.

## Later life

From the 1960s onwards he began to develop his reputation as a collector, connoisseur and historian of the visual arts, decorating his home in Brighton in a typically lavish and eclectic way. He ran a boutique and printing studio named Sphinx Studio and in 1969, at the instigation of John Morley, his collection formed the basis for one of the first retrospectives of 1920s style when The Jazz Age was held. The exhibition was opened by Erté.
In 1971, Battersby's partner, Paul Watson, committed suicide.
In 1978, Battersby severed links with Brighton and his former interests, and moved to Fulham, London, where he continued to paint in preparation for a new exhibition that was to be held in 1982. However, before the exhibition began, he died in Lewes.

## Publications

* The World of Art Nouveau, 1966.
* Art Nouveau, 1969.
* The Decorative Twenties, New York: Walker & Co., 1969.
* The Decorative Thirties, 1971.
* Art Deco Fashion, 1974.
* Trompe L'OEil, 1974.
# Enterprise for High School Students

Enterprise for High School Students (EHSS) is a youth development agency in San Francisco, California that guides teens to explore career interests, find and retain jobs, and engage in experiential learning. Established in 1969, EHSS is a 501(c) non-profit community organization.

## Mission

The mission of EHSS is to increase student preparedness to explore and pursue career paths through training, counseling and guidance; to offer a variety of experiential options within the work world; and to provide a support network to raise youth’s personal expectations for success.

## Services

Annually, EHSS serves over 2000 students, ages 14-18, from both public and independent schools. Through a broad array of programs, EHSS provides a means for students to gain an understanding of how their interests and talents can be integrated into employment, community service, and educational opportunities, while finding their potential. Of particular note are the Summer Gardening, Junior Caddie, and Party Assistance programs.

## Fundraising

Fund raising efforts include the San Francisco Fall Antiques Show, an annual antiques trade fair established in 1982 as the major fundraising event for EHSS.
Another fundraising event for EHSS, the Art Tour, visits the homes of some of San Francisco's prominent art collectors and view their distinguished museum quality private collections.
# Chloromethyl group

In organic chemistry, the chloromethyl group is a functional group that has the chemical formula −CH$_2$−Cl. The naming of this group is derived from the methyl group (which has the formula −CH$_3$), by replacing one hydrogen atom by a chlorine atom. Compounds with this group are a subclass of the organochlorines.
The way of introducing a chloromethyl group into aromatic compounds is the chloromethylation by the Blanc reaction.
# Anopheles barberi

Anopheles barberi is a species of tree hole–breeding mosquito from eastern North America. The larvae are predators of other mosquito larvae, such as those of Aedes triseriatus. It has been shown to be a vector of malaria in the laboratory, but it is not thought to be an important malaria vector in the wild.
# Houstonia parviflora

Houstonia parviflora, the few-flowered bluet or Greenman's bluet, is a plant species in the Rubiaceae, found only in south-central Texas.
# BZB

BZB or bzb may refer to:
* BZB, the IATA code for Bazaruto Island Airport, Bazaruto Archipelago, Mozambique
* BZB, the Indian Railways station code for Burra Bazar railway station, Kolkata, India
* bzb, the ISO 639-3 code for Andio language, Sulawesi
# Province of 16 Szepes Towns

The Province of 16 Szepes Towns was a seat, an autonomous administrative division, within Szepes County, located in the Kingdom of Hungary, and later in Austria-Hungary. Its capital was Spišská Nová Ves.
It existed from 1778 to 1785, and from 1791 to 1876. It was established on 5 June 1778, with the unification of the Province of 13 Szepes Towns and the Dominion of Lubowla into one entity. The territory was disestablished on 1 November 1785, with its lands being directly administrated by Szepes County until October 1791, when it was reestablished. It existed until 1876, when it was again disestablished, being given under direct administration of Szepes County.

## History

On 5 June 1778, Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary, had confirmed old privileges of the towns of the Province of 13 Szepes Towns, and re-established their autonomy. It was unified with the Dominion of Lubowla, forming the Province of 16 Szepes Towns, with Spišská Nová Ves as its capital.
The province was disestablished on 1 November 1785, in the effect of the Josephine reforms, done under the rule of Joseph II. The towns lost their autonomy and were given back under the direct administration of Szepes County. It was reestablished back in October 1791, after the reforms were abolished.
In 1849, the Provincial Count was appointed as the Government Commissioner, de jure, turning the province into the Government Commissariat of 16 Towns. It got disestablished in 1876, during the period of Bach's absolutism. The towns lost their autonomy and were given back under the direct administration of Szepes County.

## Towns

* Spišská Nová Ves
* Spišské Vlachy
* Spišské Podhradie
* Poprad
* Veľká
* Spišská Sobota
* Stráže pod Tatrami
* Matejovce
* Spišská Belá
* Vrbov
* Ľubica
* Ruskinovce
* Tvarožná
* Stará Ľubovňa
* Podolínec
* Hniezdne
# Mark Woods

Mark Woods may refer to:
* Mark Woods (sportswriter) (born 1972), sports writer and broadcaster based in Edinburgh, UK
* Mark Woods (rugby league), New Zealand former professional rugby league footballer
* Mark Kenneth Woods (born 1977), Canadian writer, actor, producer and director
# Epermenia pulchokicola

Epermenia pulchokicola is a moth in the family Epermeniidae. It was described by Reinhard Gaedike in 2010. It is found in Nepal.
# Heartbroke

"Heartbroke" is a song written by Guy Clark, and originally recorded by Rodney Crowell on his 1980 album But What Will the Neighbors Think.
It was later recorded by American country music artist Ricky Skaggs. It was released in July 1982 as the first single from the album Highways & Heartaches. The song was Skaggs' third #1 on the country chart. The single stayed at #1 for one week and spent a total of eleven weeks on the country chart.

## Charts

| Chart (1982) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 1 |
| Canadian RPM Country Tracks | 1 |

## Other versions

George Strait released his version on his second album Strait from the Heart in 1982, not knowing the song had been recorded by Skaggs about two weeks earlier. The Marshall Tucker Band also released a version on their 1982 album Tuckerized.
# Merles-sur-Loison

Merles-sur-Loison (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Anopheles barianensis

Anopheles barianensis is species of mosquito from Anopheles genus, described by James in 1911. According to Catalogue of Life Anopheles barianensis don't have known subspecies.
# 2009 UCI BMX World Championships

The 2009 UCI BMX World Championships took place at the Adelaide Showground in Adelaide in Australia and crowned world champions in the cycling discipline of BMX racing.

## Medal summary

| Event | Gold | Gold | Silver | Silver | Bronze | Bronze |
| Men's events |||||||
| Elite men details | Donny Robinson United States | 28.648 | Mike Day United States | 29.544 | Ramiro Marino Argentina | 29.774 |
| Junior men details | Sam Willoughby Australia | | Andre Fossa Aquiluz Norway | | Antony Dean Australia | |
| Elite men cruiser details | Ivo van der Putten Netherlands | | Sander Bisseling Netherlands | | Vincent Pelluard France | |
| Junior men cruiser details | Joris Daudet France | | David Oquendo Colombia | | Renato Rezende Brazil | |
| Women's events |||||||
| Elite women details | Sarah Walker New Zealand | 31.879 | Eva Ailloud France | 32.991 | Arielle Martin United States | 33.894 |
| Junior women details | Mariana Pajón Colombia | | Merle van Benthem Netherlands | | Maartje Hereijgers Netherlands | |
| Elite women cruiser details | Sarah Walker New Zealand | | Manon Valentino France | | Vilma Rimšaitė Lithuania | |
| Junior women cruiser details | Mariana Pajón Colombia | | Maartje Hereijgers Netherlands | | Ashley Verhagen United States | |

## Medal table

* Host nation (Australia)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Colombia (COL) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | New Zealand (NZL) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | Netherlands (NED) | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
| 4 | France (FRA) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 5 | United States (USA) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 6 | Australia (AUS)* | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 7 | Norway (NOR) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | Argentina (ARG) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | Brazil (BRA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | Lithuania (LTU) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (10 entries) | Totals (10 entries) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 24 |