OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Polygamy in Bahrain

Like many nations in the Muslim world, polygyny is legal in Bahrain. However, according to the Bahrain Center for Human Rights' write-up on women's rights in Bahrain at the present time, polygamy is only practiced by a minority of Bahraini citizens, though unlike most nations, levels of education and areas of habitation do not play a strong role in statistics composed of citizens practicing polygamy. Between 2010 and 2015, the polygamy rate in Bahrain was 5.16 percent.
# Enfield Borough F.C.

Enfield Borough Football Club is a football club based in Enfield, Greater London, England. They are currently members of the Eastern Counties League Division One South and play at Wingate & Finchley's Maurice Rebak Stadium.

## History

The club was established by former Brimsdown management team Marvin Walker and Aaron Archer in 2016 and joined Division Two of the Spartan South Midlands League. After finishing third in the division in their first season, they were promoted to Division One. At the end of the 2020–21 season the club were transferred to Division One of the Combined Counties League. After one season in the Combined Counties League, they were transferred to Division One South of the Eastern Counties League.

## Ground

The club played at Enfield Town's Queen Elizabeth II Stadium, before moving to the Maurice Rebak Stadium to groundshare with Wingate & Finchley prior to the 2018–19 season.

## Records

* Best FA Vase performance: Second round, 2017–18
# Enfield (surname)

Enfield is a surname.

## People with this surname

* Andy Enfield (born 1969), American basketball coach
* Edward Enfield (1929–2019), English journalist, father of Harry Enfield
* Harry Enfield (born 1961), British comedian
* Michael Enfield (born 1983), American soccer player
* Cy Endfield (1914–1995), American director
* William Enfield (1741–1797), British minister, author, translator
# Endla Nature Reserve

Endla Nature Reserve is a nature reserve situated in central Estonia.
The Endla nature reserve protects a fresh-water system of mires, bogs, springs and rivulets. As such, it plays an important role in recharging the waters of the Põltsamaa River. The flora is dominated by pine shrubs and reed beds. Several threatened species of orchid can be found in the nature reserve. Rare or threatened birds also use the area as breeding ground. Facilities for visitors include a visitors' centre, towers for bird watching and nature trails.

## Gallery

* Endla nature reserve, boardwalk and observation tower in Jõgevamaa, Estonia (spring 2023)
* Männikjärve bog
* View of Männikjärve bog from the south tower
* Early morning in Endla
* Sopa spring
# Polster

Polster is a surname.
Notable people with this surname include:
* Bernd Polster (born 1952), German author
* Burkard Polster (born 1965), German mathematician and math popularizer
* Dan Polster (born 1951), American judge
* Hermann Christian Polster (born 1937), German opera singer
* James Alan Polster (1947–2012), American novelist
* James Polster (born 1979), American volleyball player
* Keith Polster, designer of The Fright at Tristor, a Dungeons & Dragons adventure module
* Manuel Polster (born 2002), Austrian association football player
* Matt Polster (born 1993), American association football player
* Miriam Polster (1924–2001), US clinical psychologist
* Rita Polster (born 1948), Finnish film actress
* Toni Polster (born 1964), Austrian association football coach and former player
* Victor Polster (born 2002), Belgian actor and dancer
# Empress Dowager Zhang (Liu Song dynasty)

Empress Dowager Zhang (張太后, personal name unknown) (died 426) was an empress dowager of the Chinese dynasty Liu Song. She was the mother of Emperor Shao (Liu Yifu) and a concubine of Emperor Wu (Liu Yu).
In 406, she gave birth to Liu Yifu, the oldest son of Liu Yu, who was then already a paramount general of Jin. She later also gave birth to a daughter, Liu Huiyuan (劉惠媛, the later Princess Yixing). In 420, after Liu Yu seized the throne from Emperor Gong of Jin and established Liu Song as its emperor, he created her an imperial consort, but not an empress, as she was not his wife. He created her son Liu Yifu as crown prince. After Emperor Wu died in 422, Liu Yifu succeeded him as Emperor Shao, and Emperor Shao honored her as empress dowager on 30 August 423.
In 424, Emperor Shao was deposed by officials that Emperor Wu had left in charge of the government, who believed that he was unfit to be emperor, and soon they killed him. They made his capable younger half-brother Liu Yilong, emperor (as Emperor Wen) instead. Initially, Empress Dowager Zhang returned her empress dowager seal and moved to Wu Commandery (around present-day Suzhou, Jiangsu), where her son was exiled and killed. After Emperor Wen arrived in Jiankang and assumed the throne, he honored her as Princess Dowager of Yingyang (as Emperor Shao carried the title Prince of Yingyang between his removal and his death). She died in 426, after having seen her son's killers largely killed by Emperor Wen earlier that year.
# Endocrossis flavibasalis

Endocrossis flavibasalis is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It is found in India (the eastern Himalayas, Assam), China, Burma, Sumatra and New Guinea.

## Subspecies

* Endocrossis flavibasalis flavibasalis
* Endocrossis flavibasalis interruptalis (Caradja in Caradja & Meyrick, 1933) (China: Guangdong)
# Endocrossis quinquemaculalis

Endocrossis quinquemaculalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Sauber in 1899. It is found on Luzon in the Philippines.
# Endoderma

Endoderma is a genus of green algae, in the family Ulvellaceae.
# Polygalacturonate 4-alpha-galacturonosyltransferase

In enzymology, a polygalacturonate 4-alpha-galacturonosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.43) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    UDP-D-galacturonate + (1,4-alpha-D-galacturonosyl)n $\rightleftharpoons$ UDP + (1,4-alpha-D-galacturonosyl)n$^+$1
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-D-galacturonate and (1,4-alpha-D-galacturonosyl)n, whereas its two products are UDP and (1,4-alpha-D-galacturonosyl)n+1.
This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-D-galacturonate:1,4-alpha-poly-D-galacturonate 4-alpha-D-galacturonosyltransferase. Other names in common use include UDP galacturonate-polygalacturonate alpha-galacturonosyltransferase, uridine diphosphogalacturonate-polygalacturonate, and alpha-galacturonosyltransferase. This enzyme participates in starch and sucrose metabolism and nucleotide sugars metabolism.

## Indications

Polygalacturonate salts can be used clinically to treat the GI reactions that are due to Quinidine.
# En concierto "Creeré"

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| CD Universe | |
| eBay | |
En concierto "Creeré" is the first live album and second DVD of the contemporary Christian latin pop duo Tercer Cielo. It was recorded in 2010 at a concert in the Coliseo de Puerto Rico and was released by Vene Music and Universal Music Latin on 29 June 2010. The album contains live performances of his greatest hits from the year 2007 to 2009.
# Finswimming at the 2009 World Games – Women's 50 m apnoea

The women's 50 m apnoea competition in finswimming at the 2009 World Games took place on 23 July 2009 at the Kaohsiung Swimming Pool in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

## Competition format

A total of 16 athletes entered the competition. The best eight athletes from preliminary round qualifies to the final.

## Results
### Preliminary

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Zhu Baozhen | China | 15.93 | Q, GR |
| 2 | Xu Huanshan | China | 16.17 | Q |
| 3 | Yana Kasimova | Russia | 16.69 | Q |
| 4 | Camille Heitz | France | 16.79 | Q |
| 5 | Kateryna Dyelova | Ukraine | 16.80 | Q |
| 6 | Tina Hirschfeldt | Germany | 16.80 | Q |
| 7 | Galija Sattarova | Estonia | 16.90 | Q |
| 8 | Lilla Szekely | Hungary | 16.92 | Q |
| 9 | Kim Hyeon-jin | South Korea | 16.93 | |
| 10 | Alix Perez Rubio | Colombia | 16.99 | |
| 11 | Margaryta Artiushenko | Ukraine | 17.05 | |
| 12 | Liu Hao-min | Chinese Taipei | 17.46 | |
| 13 | Yayoi Sakamoto | Japan | 17.60 | |
| 14 | Nicole Matthes | Germany | 17.87 | |
| 15 | Lea Pasqualotti | France | 18.13 | |
| 16 | Roberta Mastroianni | Italy | 18.36 | |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Note |
| | Zhu Baozhen | China | 15.10 | WR |
| | Xu Huanshan | China | 15.61 | |
| | Yana Kasimova | Russia | 16.32 | |
| 4 | Camille Heitz | France | 16.50 | |
| 5 | Kateryna Dyelova | Ukraine | 16.55 | |
| 6 | Galija Sattarova | Estonia | 16.60 | |
| 7 | Tina Hirschfeldt | Germany | 16.93 | |
| 8 | Lilla Szekely | Hungary | 17.13 | |
# Pompeo Giustiniani

Pompeo Giustiniani (1569–1616) was an Italian military commander and author.

## Life

Giustiniani was born in 1569 in Ajaccio. He started his military career when he was only fourteen years old. In 1602, during the Siege of Ostend, he was promoted Maestre de campo in the Army of Flanders. Thanks to his military experience, he wrote Delle guerre di Fiandra (published in Antwerp by Joachim Trognaesius in 1609). He lost an arm in these conflicts and, from the artificial limb that he wore, came to be known by the sobriquet Bras de Fer.
In 1613 he entered service in the Venetian army. During the Uskok War, Giustiniani argued with other officials because of his promises of victory. In 1616 he besieged Gradisca, but he had to withdraw because the Habsburg forces were too strong. On 10 October 1616, he died in battle at Lucinico. He was buried in Venice, at the church of San Moisè.

## Works

* Delle guerre di Fiandra, Antwerp, 1609
** reprinted Venice, 1612 (on Google Books)
** reprinted Milan, 1615 (on Google Books)
# Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction

Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) is an analytical technique for characterizing materials. It differs from conventional X-ray diffraction by using polychromatic photons as the source and is usually operated at a fixed angle. With no need for a goniometer, EDXRD is able to collect full diffraction patterns very quickly. EDXRD is almost exclusively used with synchrotron radiation which allows for measurement within real engineering materials.

## History

EDXRD was originally proposed independently by Buras et al. and Giessen and Gordon in 1968.

## Advantages

The advantages of EDXRD are (1) it uses a fixed scattering angle, (2) it works directly in reciprocal space, (3) fast collection time, and (4) parallel data collection. The fixed scattering angle geometry makes EDXRD especially suitable for in situ studies in special environments (e.g. under very low or high temperatures and pressures). When the EDXRD method is used, only one entrance and one exit window are needed. The fixed scattering angle also allows for measurement of the diffraction vector directly. This allows for high-accuracy measurement of lattice parameters. It allows for rapid structure analysis and the ability to study materials that are unstable and only exist for short periods of time. Because the whole spectrum of diffracted radiation is obtained simultaneously, it enables parallel data collection studies where structural changes can be determined over time.

## Facilities

| Facility | Location | Beamline | Energy range (keV) |
| National Synchrotron Light Source | Upton, NY | X17B1 | 50–200 |
| Advanced Photon Source | Argonne, IL | 16-BM-B | 10–120 |
| German Electron Synchrotron | Hamburg, DE | P61B | 50–150 |
| Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source | Ithaca, NY | B1 | unknown |
| Diamond Light Source | Oxfordshire, UK | I12 | 50–150 |
| SOLEIL | Paris, France | I03c | 15–100 |
| Indus 2 | India | BL-11 | unknown |
# Energy-Quest

Energy-Quest (formerly The Hydrogen Expedition) was an organization launched in 2005 that sought to educate the public about the risks of an impending energy crisis due to the current worldwide dependence on fossil fuels and the benefits of energy conservation and the use of renewable energy sources. It intended to do so through a series of three record-setting ocean voyages:
* The Earthrace
* The Aurora Expedition
* The Triton Expedition
Started and staffed by university students, the project was endorsed by several organizations and prominent individuals.

## The Earthrace

The Earthrace will be an attempt to break the speed record for circumnavigating the globe in a powerboat while using only renewable fuels. It is being supported by over 100 companies, and is led by New Zealander Pete Bethune. Energy-Quest is providing organizational and fundraising assistance to the Earthrace in the United States.

## The Aurora Expedition

The Aurora Expedition will involve an around-the-world voyage in a powerboat which, at 20 ft, will be the smallest vessel of its kind to ever complete such a journey. Due to its limited fuel capacity, the Aurora will rely on advanced fuel-efficient technologies for propulsion. Energy-Quest thus seeks to incorporate highly clean and efficient diesel engines, solar cells, and wind turbines into this design.
Aurora will stop at over forty major ports around the world, where she will showcase the cleanest and most efficient energy technologies available at the time, and her crew will promote the widespread use of such technologies. Ultimately, the Aurora Expedition is intended as a stepping stone towards the completion of the organization's final and most important endeavor – the Triton Expedition.

## The Triton Expedition

The Triton Expedition will be the first circumnavigation of the world by a boat powered solely by a hydrogen fuel cell. Triton will stop at major destinations around the world, where her crew will meet with local political and industrial leaders to promote the importance of alternative energy development. Through Triton's voyage, Energy-Quest hopes to generate international media attention, and in this way stimulate the development of a renewable energy-based hydrogen economy.

## History

The project was started in the summer of 2005 by Joseph F. Sahid, a graduate of the Phillips Exeter Academy and currently a sophomore at the University of Pennsylvania. He soon was joined by other volunteers, and an official team was rapidly assembled. The Energy Quest program has now been discontinued.

## Endorsements

Organisations who officially endorse the Hydrogen Expedition:
* Bluewater Network
* National Hydrogen Association of Australia Archived 2005-04-20 at the Wayback Machine
* Save the Planet USA
* Environment Colorado
* Italian Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association
* HydrogenBoyz
# Pollenia mediterranea

Pollenia mediterranea is a species of cluster fly in the family Polleniidae.

## Distribution

Israel, Italy.
# Pontifical Lombard Seminary

The Pontifical Lombard Seminary of Saints Ambrose and Charles in Urbe (Italian: Pontificio seminario lombardo dei santi Ambrogio e Carlo in Urbe) is an ecclesiastical institution that serves as a residence for and trains diocesan priests who have been sent to Rome by their bishop to pursue an advanced degree or follow a specialized course of study at one of the pontifical universities there.
The seminary is subject to the authority of the Lombard Episcopal Conference and as a Roman ecclesiastical institute it also has a particular dependence on the Holy See. While many of the students originate in the dioceses of Lombardy, the seminary accepts priests from other dioceses, both Italian and not.

## History

The seminary was founded by the bishops of Lombardy in 1854. It was initially funded by Cardinal Edoardo Borromeo and Duke Tommaso Gallarati Scotti (1819–1905), though insufficient resources forced it to close from 1869 to 1878. It first shared quarters with the Confraternity of San Carlo al Corso and in 1888 opened its own residence on in Via Giuseppe Gioachino Belli in the Prati del Castello district. Pope Leo XIII gave the Seminary its legal character on 15 December 1890, recognizing it in the same terms as the other Roman seminaries and granting it the use of the title "Pontifical".
Its current building overlooks the square in front of the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore in the Esquilino district of Rome. Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini laid its cornerstone on 10 February 1963 and returned to inaugurate the building as Pope Paul VI on 11 November 1965. The building is considered one of the most significant modern buildings in the historic center of Rome. It was designed by the architects Attilio Spaccarelli and Fabrizio Bruno, "characterized by great attention to the urban context".

## Rectors

* Antonio Müller (1863-1870)
* Ernesto Fontana (1878-1894)
* Alessandro Lualdi (1894-1904)
* Angelo Rotta (1904-1911)
* Rodolfo Caroli (1911-1913)
* Ettore Baranzini (1920-1933)
* Francesco Bertoglio (1933-1961)
* Ferdinando Maggioni (1961-1967)
* Antonio Fustella (1967-1969)
* Luigi Belloli (1969-1987)
* Dionigi Tettamanzi (1987-1989)
* Diego Coletti (1989-2000)
* Tullio Citrini (2000-2014)
* Ennio Apeciti (2014–present)
# Figarella

The Figarella is a small coastal river in the northwest of the department of Haute-Corse, Corsica, France.

## Course

The Figarella is 24.16 kilometres (15.01 mi) long. It crosses the communes of Calenzana, Calvi and Moncale. The river rises as the Ruisseau de Spasimata in the commune of Calenzana to the northeast of the 2,085 metres (6,841 ft) Punta Mazagnu in the Monte Cinto massif and flows northwest. The Figarella proper forms when the Spasimata is joined by the Rau de Melaghia from the north. It turns to the north and flows between the villages of Suare and Tarazone, then along the east side of the Calvi – Sainte-Catherine Airport. It is joined by the Ronca river from the left just north of the airport, then by the Campu Longu stream from the right before entering the sea just west of Camp Raffalli.

## Human impacts

In the late 19th century the decline in agriculture led to croplands and pasture being replaced by wild undergrowth and woods, which reduced the amount of erosion and run-off. This in turn led to less sediment being carried to the mouth of the river. In the 1970s in-channel gravel mining began in the river, and about 600,000 cubic metres (21,000,000 cu ft) of gravel were removed. The gravel pit traps sediment, and has caused braided channels to be replaced by a single channel. Most of the former channels are now vegetated. Downstream, the result has been erosion of the beach, which started in the 19th century and is likely to continue for several decades, destroying a tourist attraction.

## Hydrology

The Figarella was measured at Calenzana between 1960 and 1976. At this point it captures a watershed of 33.8 square kilometres (13.1 sq mi). The maximum instantaneous flow rate was 43.5 cubic metres per second (1,540 cu ft/s) on 24 September 1974.

## Tributaries

The following streams (ruisseaux) are tributaries of the Figarella (ordered by length) and sub-tributaries:
* Campu Longu 10 km (6.2 mi)
** Novalella 2 km (1.2 mi)
* Ronca (river) 9 km (5.6 mi)
** Enferata 7 km (4.3 mi)
*** Campu d'Ava 3 km (1.9 mi)
*** Vespaiu 2 km (1.2 mi)
**** Capu Pianu 2 km (1.2 mi)
*** Signoria 2 km (1.2 mi)
* Lioli 8 km (5.0 mi)
** Acqua Viva 3 km (1.9 mi)
** Campanella 3 km (1.9 mi)
** Falcunaghia 2 km (1.2 mi)
* Melaghia 5 km (3.1 mi)
** Mandriaccia 3 km (1.9 mi)
* Onda 5 km (3.1 mi)
* Curzulosu 4 km (2.5 mi)
** Sambucu 3 km (1.9 mi)
*** Arghioa 3 km (1.9 mi)
*** Catarelle 1 km (0.62 mi)
** Vivariu 2 km (1.2 mi)
* Frassigna 3 km (1.9 mi)
** Vespaghiu 2 km (1.2 mi)
** Melaghiola 2 km (1.2 mi)
* Nocaghia 3 km (1.9 mi)
** Terribule 2 km (1.2 mi)
* Pelliciani 3 km (1.9 mi)
** Vignali 2 km (1.2 mi)
* Meta di Filu 3 km (1.9 mi)
** Pittinaghia 1 km (0.62 mi)
* Purcareccia 2 km (1.2 mi)
* Ladroncellu 2 km (1.2 mi)
* Valle d'Alloru 2 km (1.2 mi)
# Pop, Dick and Harry

Pop, Dick and Harry was a long-lasting British comic strip series published in the magazine The Beezer from 1956 until 1990. It was drawn by Tom Bannister from its inception until 1981, after which Peter Moonie drew it until 1987. Brian Walker then continued the series for another three years. Pop, Dick and Harry was the only comic strip that ran in The Beezer from the first until the last issue.

## Concept

Pop, Dick and Harry was a gag-a-day comic about two twins, Dick and Harry, who always engaged in bad behavior and disobeyed and tormented their overweight father, Pop.
# Eupithecia mystiata

Eupithecia mystiata is a moth in the family Geometridae first described by Samuel E. Cassino in 1925. It is found in the US states of Arizona and California.
The wingspan is about 22 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from February to May.
# Next Generation

Next Generation or Next-Generation may refer to:

## Publications and literature

* Next Generation (magazine), video game magazine that was made by the now defunct Imagine Media publishing company
* Next Generation poets (2004), list of young and middle-aged figures from British poetry

## Technology

Next generation often means a new state of the art:
* AMD Next Generation Microarchitecture (disambiguation), AMD products
* Next Generation Air Transportation System, the Federal Aviation Administration's massive overhaul of the national airspace system
* Next Generation Internet (disambiguation), various projects intended to drastically increase the speed of the Internet
* Next Generation Networking, emerging computer network architectures and technologies
* Next-generation lithography, lithography technology slated to replace photolithography beyond the 32 nm node
* Next-Generation Secure Computing Base, software architecture designed by Microsoft
* NextGen Healthcare Information Systems, develops software and systems to the healthcare industry
* The Next Generation of Genealogy Sitebuilding (TNG), a genealogy software title
* The upcoming generation of video game consoles at a given time
* Boeing 737 Next Generation, airliner
* REAL/NG, an operating system based on REAL/32 (formerly Multiuser DOS) and Linux from 2001 to 2003

## Television

* Degrassi: The Next Generation, Canadian television series
* Meerkat Manor The Next Generation, series 4 of Animal Planet's Meerkat Manor television series
* Roots: The Next Generations, miniseries and a sequel to the phenomenally popular miniseries Roots
* Speed Racer: The Next Generation, American animated television series based on the classic Japanese Speed Racer franchise
* Star Trek: The Next Generation, science fiction television series set in the Star Trek universe created by Gene Roddenberry
* "The Next Generation" (Star Trek: Picard), an episode of the third season of Star Trek: Picard

## Music

* The Next Generation (album), a 2009 album by Sweetbox
* Next Generation (Gary Burton album)
# Christoph Hoerl

Christoph Hoerl (born 1967) is a German philosopher and Professor of Philosophy at the University of Warwick where he is also Deputy Head of Department of Philosophy. He is known for his works on philosophy of mind and philosophy of psychology.

## Books

* Time and Memory: Issues in Philosophy and Psychology , edited with Teresa McCormack, Oxford University Press, 2001
* N. Eilan, C. Hoerl, T. McCormack & J. Roessler (eds.) (2005): Joint Attention: Communication and Other Minds: Issues in Philosophy and Psychology, Oxford University Press*
* C. Hoerl, T. McCormack & S. Beck (eds.) (2011): Understanding Counterfactuals, Understanding Causation: Issues in Philosophy and Psychology. Oxford University Press
* T. McCormack, C. Hoerl & S. Butterfill (eds.) (2011): Tool Use and Causal Cognition: Issues in Philosophy and Psychology. Oxford University Pre
# Coxey, Alabama

Coxey is an unincorporated community in western Limestone County, Alabama, United States. It is located on U.S. Route 72, 12.0 miles (19.3 km) west of Athens.

## History

Coxey is most likely named after the first postmaster, William Cox. A post office operated under the name Coxey from 1918 to 1937.