OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Non-use value

Non-use value is the value that people assign to economic goods (including public goods) even if they never have and never will use it. It is distinguished from use value, which people derive from direct use of the good. The concept is most commonly applied to the value of natural and built resources.
Non-use value as a category may include:
* "option value" – the value placed on individual willingness to pay for maintaining an asset or resource even if there is little or no likelihood of the individual actually ever using it, occurring because of uncertainty about future supply (the continued existence of the asset) and potential future demand (the possibility that it may someday be used).
* "bequest value" – values placed on individual willingness to pay for maintaining or preserving an asset or resource that has no use now, so that it is available for future generations.
* "Existence value" – an unusual and somewhat controversial class of economic value, reflecting the benefit people receive from knowing that a particular environmental resource, such as Antarctica, the Grand Canyon, endangered species, Sharri Dogs or any other organism or thing exists.
* "altruistic value" – the value placed on individual willingness to pay for maintaining an asset or resource that is not used by the individual, so that others may make use of it. Its value arises from others' use of the asset or resource.
Rick Freeman (1993) suggests yet another variant that he calls "pure non-use value", defined as the value that occurs for an individual when current prices preclude use of a good, but there exists some lower price at which the individual would use the good. The continued availability of the good provides some value to the individual insofar as s/he may eventually be in a position to use the good.
All of these categories are offspring of the original concept of option value that was introduced into the cost benefit analysis lexicon in 1964 by Burton Weisbrod to justify individuals' valuation of goods, assets and resources that they do not actually use. In general, it is not possible to use market prices or other revealed preference methods to measure non-use value. As a result, "stated preference" survey methods are generally used, including most prominently contingent valuation methods (CVM).
# Noizay

Noizay (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.
# Noitgedacht

Noitgedacht also Nooitgedacht (Dutch for 'Never Thought') is one of the villages on the island of Wakenaam, Guyana. It is populated mainly by small farmers. The main access to this section of the island is by ferry/speedboat from the Essequibo coast.
Another village called Noitgedacht is situated in Upper Demerara, in the Town of Linden. It was once owned by the Dutch family De Nieuwerks, later by the family Allicocks and eventually it became property of Alcan of Canada.
# Crepidula plana

Crepidula plana, common name the eastern white slippersnail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calyptraeidae, the slipper snails or slipper limpets, cup-and-saucer snails, and hat snails. This species is characterized by a flat white shell, a white body, and development that includes a planktotrophic larval stage. This species often occurs inside large gastropod shells that are inhabited by hermit crabs. In this case the shells are often extremely flat, and often recurved.
Like all slipper snails, Crepidula plana is a filter feeder. They brood their offspring in clusters of transparent capsules between the substrate, the propodium and the neck.
Crepidula plana is native to the East Coast of North America, where it ranges from Canada to North Carolina. It has also been reported as introduced into San Francisco Bay. Reports of this species in the Gulf of Mexico or south of North Carolina are incorrect, and result from taxonomic confusion with other flat white species of Crepidula, including Crepidula atrasolea, and Crepidula depressa.

## Distribution

In the past, Crepidula plana has been reported to range from 48°N to 38°S; 97.75°W to 34.9°W. Much of this distribution information is incorrect, because it has not been updated to reflect the current taxonomic understanding of this group of similar species.
The distribution has been reported to include:
* Canada: Nova Scotia, New Brunswick
* USA: Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, East Florida, West Florida, Louisiana, Flower Garden Banks (East & West), Texas
* Mexico: Tamaulipas, Tabasco, Veracruz, Campeche State, Cayo Arcas, Campeche, Yucatán State, Campeche Bank, Alacran Reef, Quintana Roo
* Costa Rica
* Panama
* Colombia
* Venezuela: Gulf of Venezuela, Sucre, Isla Margarita
* Bermuda
* Jamaica
* Virgin Islands: St. Croix
* St. Vincent & the Grenadines: Grenada
* Surinam
* Brazil: Amapa, Ceara, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo
However, since the 1980s, DNA sequence data, allozyme data and developmental data have provided evidence that the flat white Crepidula from Eastern North America is composed to at least three distinct species. C. plana actually ranges only from Nova Scotia and New Brunswick south to Georgia or northern Florida. Records of C. plana in Southern Florida and the Gulf of Mexico are almost certainly misidentified C. atrasolea or C. depressa. The identity of the flat white Crepidula species which occurs south of the Gulf of Mexico (in the Caribbean) needs to be re-examined, as it is certainly not C. plana.

## Description

The shell is flat and white, the internal septum is flat, and there are no muscle scars inside the shell. The length of the shell is 15 to 35 mm. The maximum recorded shell length is 43 mm.
Crepidula plana produces planktotrophic larvae.

## Habitat

The minimum recorded depth for this species is 0 m; the maximum recorded depth is 110 m.
# Crepidula maculosa

Crepidula maculosa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calyptraeidae, the slipper snails or slipper limpets, cup-and-saucer snails, and Chinese hat snails.

## Description

The maximum recorded shell length is 35 mm.

## Habitat

Minimum recorded depth is 0 m. Maximum recorded depth is 11 m.
# Cresera intensa

Cresera intensa is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Walter Rothschild in 1909. It is found in French Guiana, Brazil and the Amazon region.
# Norbert Becker (agroscientist)

Norbert J. Becker (9 July 1937, Wiesbaden - 7 May 2012, Freiburg im Breisgau) was a German agricultural scientist, specializing in vine breeding and viticulture.

## Early life

Becker spent his youth on a vineyard near Wiesbaden in the Rheingau. While still at secondary school he helped out there and as a waiter in the vineyard‘s inn, became used to the aura of Rhineland wine culture. After his school years at the humanistic Dilthey-Gymnasium in Wiesbaden (in 1958), he completed his military service as an officer candidate. He was for two years an apprentice in practical agriculture and then studied agricultural science at the Justus-Liebig-University in Gießen, obtaining a diploma in 1964.
Becker was an assistant at the Orcharding Institute of the same university and a doctoral student at the Forschungsanstalt Geisenheim (Geisenheim Research Institute) where he obtained the degree Dr. agr. in 1968. He then started as a trainee at the State Ministry of Agriculture in Hessen.

## Career

At the beginning of 1970 he entered service with the state of Baden-Württemberg at the Federal Institute of Viticulture in Freiburg (Staatlichen Weinbauinstitut Freiburg.) His area of work involved vine cultivation (Rebenzüchtung) and viticulture. During his tenure fungus-resistant new cultivars were developed (Reben-Neuzuchten), that can be grown practically without spraying (with fungicide). The most promising of these, and also those of his predecessor Johannes Zimmermann were tested in the institute‘s cultures, in vineyards (Winzerbetrieben) and then developed to the stage when they could be used in practice. Among these are the following vine types: Johanniter, Bronner, Solaris, Helios and the red wine types Prior, Baron, Monarch, Cabernet Cortis, and Cabernet Carbon.
Becker taught viticulture students and master vintagers. In his spare time, he led Saturday viticulture excursions in the frame of the "general studies“ programme of the University of Freiburg. In retirement, he followed his work-oriented hobby – the cultural, historical and health aspects of wine.

## Selected publications

* Norbert Becker und H. Güss: Der Wein, Lebensfreude und Gesundheit. Ein weinfachlicher und ärztlicher Ratgeber für den gesundheitsdienlichen Weingenuss. 7. Auflage, (Wine, joie de vivre and health. Expert and medical advice for the healthy enjoyment of wine, 7th edition) Kehrer Verlag, Freiburg 1995, ISBN 3-929140-08-X
* Contributions to the viticulture textbooks Vogt/Götz: Weinbau, Ulmer-Verlag, Stuttgart 6th edition, 1977 und 7th edition 1987 and Vogt/Schruft: Weinbau, 8th edition, Ulmer-Verlag, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-5720-9
# Distrust (video game)

Distrust is a survival game developed by Cheerdealers and published by Alawar. The player controls a team who, after surviving a helicopter crash at an arctic base, must scrounge for supplies. It is available for Microsoft Windows, Xbox One, PlayStation 4, iOS, and Nintendo Switch.

## Gameplay

The gameplay is inspired by The Thing, a 1982 horror film by John Carpenter. After a helicopter crash, the survivors take refuge at an abandoned arctic base. Initially, players choose two out of a roster of three characters. The roster can be expanded by unlocking up to fifteen characters, each of whom have special abilities to aid in their survival. The base's map is randomly generated. While scrounging for supplies, the characters must satisfy basic needs: sleep, heat, and hunger. Sleeping risks drawing the attention of aliens known as "anomalies", which can kill characters or set back progress. Failure to satisfy their needs can cause madness, which brings on random status effects, such as quoting Shakespeare or consuming more food. After solving a randomized puzzle, players unlock a new zone, and another random map is generated. The game concludes once six zones have been completed.

## Release

Distrust was released for Microsoft Windows on August 23, 2017.

## Reception

On Metacritic, the PC version of Distrust has a rating of 75/100 based on five reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Leif Johnson of GameSpot rated it 7/10 stars and wrote that the game's roguelike gameplay, which depends heavily on random chance, keeps replays fresh. However, he said this randomization can also make it "maddeningly tough". Ted Hentschke of Dread Central rated it 2.5/5 stars, criticizing how little inspiration the game took from The Thing, its trivially-overcome challenges, and the pointlessness of many of the randomized gameplay elements. Reviewing the game for Bloody Disgusting, Jim Hargreaves rated it 3/5 stars and wrote that the game's unpredictability and rushed micromanagement may frustrate some players, who find themselves overwhelmed. In comparing it to Don't Starve, Alec Meer of Rock, Paper, Shotgun called it "a neat and tense survive 'em up".
# Norfolk (disambiguation)

Norfolk is a county in England.
Norfolk may also refer to:

## Places
### Australia

* Norfolk Island, an Australian external territory

### Canada

* Norfolk, Alberta
* Norfolk (electoral district), Ontario
* Norfolk County, Ontario

### Ecuador

* Norfolk Island (Galápagos), a former name of Santa Cruz Island

### New Zealand

* Norfolk, New Zealand, a locality in Taranaki

### United Kingdom

* Norfolk House, in London
* Norfolk Square, London
* Norfolk Square, Glossop, Derbyshire
* Norfolk (European Parliament constituency)
* Norfolk (UK Parliament constituency), from 1707 to 1832

### United States

* Norfolk, Colorado
* Norfolk, Connecticut
** Norfolk (CDP), Connecticut, a census-designated place in the town of Norfolk
* Norfolk, Massachusetts
* Norfolk County, Massachusetts
* Norfolk, Mississippi
* Norfolk, Missouri
* Norfolk, Nebraska
* Norfolk (town), New York
** Norfolk (CDP), New York, a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of Norfolk
* Norfolk, Virginia
** Downtown Norfolk, Virginia
** Naval Station Norfolk, a major U.S. Navy base in Norfolk, Virginia
** Norfolk Naval Shipyard, located in nearby Portsmouth, Virginia
* Norfolk County, Virginia, a defunct county of South Hampton Roads, Virginia, USA, created in 1691; location of modern-day Norfolk and Chesapeake

## Transportation

* HMS Norfolk, five ships in the British Royal Navy
* Norfolk (ship) - one of several vessels of that name
* Norfolk Air, formerly based on Norfolk Island, Australia
* Norfolk International Airport, Norfolk, Virginia
* Norfolk (MBTA station) in Norfolk, Massachusetts
* Norfolk Southern Railway, an American railroad company
* USS Norfolk, any of several U.S. Navy ships
* Norfolk station (disambiguation), stations of the name

## Animals

* Norfolk damselfly, a species particular to the Norfolk Broads in England
* Norfolk hawker, a dragonfly
* Norfolk Trotter, an extinct horse breed named after the county in England
* Norfolk Horn, a rare breed of sheep named after the county in England
* Norfolk Grey, a breed of chicken
* Norfolk Black, a breed of turkey
* Norfolk Terrier, a breed of dog

## People

* Any of various Dukes of Norfolk
** Earl of Norfolk, a title which has been created several times in the Peerage of England
** Norfolk Herald Extraordinary, an officer of arms at the College of Arms in London
* Lawrence Norfolk (born 1963), British novelist
* Peter Norfolk (born 1960), British wheelchair tennis player

## Other uses

* Norfolk case, a type of luggage
* Norfolk dialect, a dialect of Norfolk, England
* Norfuk language, spoken in Australia's Norfolk Island
* Norfolk jacket, an item of Victorian-era clothing
* Norfolk pine, also known as Norfolk Island Pine, a species of tree (Araucaria heterophylla)
* Norfolk State University, located in Norfolk, Virginia
* Royal Norfolk Regiment, an infantry regiment of the British Army
* The Battle of Norfolk, a military engagement during the first Gulf War
# Diving at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics – Boys' 10m platform

These are the results for the boys' 10m platform event at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics.

## Results

| Rank | Diver | Nation | Preliminary | Preliminary | Final | Final |
| Rank | Diver | Nation | Points | Rank | Points | Rank |
| | Randal Willars | Mexico | 544.80 | 2 | 609.80 | 1 |
| | Lian Junjie | China | 595.10 | 1 | 600.05 | 2 |
| | Ruslan Ternovoi | Russia | 524.05 | 3 | 596.85 | 3 |
| 4 | Jellson Jabillin | Malaysia | 514.05 | 4 | 513.25 | 4 |
| 5 | Lou Massenberg | Germany | 453.75 | 8 | 493.80 | 5 |
| 6 | Oleh Serbin | Ukraine | 493.95 | 6 | 486.50 | 6 |
| 7 | Nikolaos Molvalis | Greece | 445.30 | 9 | 460.95 | 7 |
| 8 | Antonio Volpe | Italy | 405.95 | 11 | 453.35 | 8 |
| 9 | Bryden Hattie | Canada | 505.70 | 5 | 439.85 | 9 |
| 10 | Jack Matthews | United States | 387.60 | 12 | 438.25 | 10 |
| 11 | Aurelian Dragomir | Romania | 443.85 | 10 | 423.75 | 11 |
| 12 | Daniel Restrepo | Colombia | 454.95 | 7 | 370.85 | 12 |
* Randal Willars
* Lian Junjie
* Ruslan Ternovoi
* Jellson Jabillin
* Lou Massenberg
* Oleh Serbin
* Nikolaos Molvalis
* Antonio Volpe
* Bryden Hattie
* Jack Matthews
* Aurelian Dragomir
* Daniel Restrepo
# Djan Silveberg

Djan Silveberg (born 1969 in Chambery, France) is a French visual artist.
He lives and works in France and Luxembourg.

## Biography

Djan Silveberg is a visual artist born in 1969. Djan Silveberg started his artistic career with ‘Quelques Vers de Rome’ presented in Lyon during the 1996 G7 Summit.
In 2009, he gave a new impulse to his creations by using different technics and media while pursuing his work on urban-like and contemporary society.
Since 2011 he took part in different contemporary art events in Europe, made several in situ interventions in Paris and Brussels, and had solo and group shows in various European art centers and galleries.
He lives and works in France and Luxembourg.

## Approach

Through his artwork he tries to cast an certain eye on the state of the world and on man's position in today's society (with all its attributes that some philosophers call hypermodern: hyper-individualism, hyperfinancial, hypermediatization, etc.); but also on behaviours coming from one's culture (education, arts, media, etc.) and environment (city, economy, etc.).
He likes to introduce some shifts of focus in the approach and processing in order to trigger reflection.
He uses various media and technics (i.e. installation, painting, sculpture, photography, performance, etc.).

## Some flagship works

* ‘Red District, an Artists Exhibition’: Created as part of Lyon's 2013 Festival of Lights, Djan Silveberg's performance showcased visual artists in individual boxes in the ‘Galerie des Pentes’ shop windows, bathed in red light as a reference to Amsterdam's red light district and opening discussion on the artists’ monetary dependency and freedom.
* ‘Arbeit Macht Frei / 03’: Organized during the 2015 Paris’ FIAC International Art Fair with 15 international artists (France, Spain, China, Germany, Argentina, Luxembourg), the Happening/Performance called ‘Arbeit Macht Frei / 03’ ("Work Sets You Free") is part of a series of art interventions on the concept of work and its value in a time of crisis and in a performance-based society. It led to a group show called ‘AMF/03’ that took place in Paris’ Galerie Hors-Champs at the beginning of 2016.
* ‘Le Vol’: By re-publishing under his own name Henri Barbusse’s novel ‘L’Enfer’ (the book became ‘Le Vol’ – ‘The Theft’), Djan Silveberg proposes a double reflection on our time: On one side the ‘voyeur-exhibitionist’ dialectic positioned as a basic rationale for today's TV programs; and on the other side a questioning on the obsolescence and property of the art work. The project was presented in the context of the 2015 Lyon Contemporary Art Biennial.
# Djan-Aka Djan

Djan-Aka Djan (born 1942) is a retired Afghanistan wrestler who was a national champion. He competed at the 1964 Summer Olympic Games, the 1968 Summer Olympics, the 1972 Summer Olympic Games in the lightweight events.
# Djilma Airfield

Djilma Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield in Tunisia, located about 2 km north of Jilma (Sidi Bu Zayd), approximately 180 km west-southwest of Tunis.
The airfield was built in 1942 as a temporary field which was used by the United States Army Air Force Twelfth Air Force 31st Fighter Group during the North African Campaign against the German Afrika Korps.
The 31st Fighter Group based three squadrons (307th, 308th, 309th) of Supermarine Spitfires at the airfield from 7 to 12 April 1943. It then moved to Korba Airfield and afterwards, engineers came to the field and dismantled the facility.
Today there are little or no remains of the airfield, except the remains of a runway in the desert just north of the town of Jilma, visible from satellite imagery.
# Divoš

Divoš may refer to:
* Divoš, Serbia, a village in Serbia near Sremska Mitrovica
* Divoš, Croatia, a village in Croatia near Ernestinovo
# Critical security parameter

In cryptography, a critical security parameter (CSP) is information that is either user or system defined and is used to operate a cryptography module in processing encryption functions including cryptographic keys and authentication data, such as passwords, the disclosure or modification of which can compromise the security of a cryptographic module or the security of the information protected by the module.
# Disaster Management Bureau

Disaster Management Bureau is a government bureau that manages government responses to natural disasters in Bangladesh and is located in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

## History

The Disaster Management Bureau by Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief in 1993. Following the 1991 Bangladesh cyclone and floods in Bangladesh, the government felt a need for a dedicated bureau to manage relief operations in the country. The bureau is headed by a Director General.
# Crocidophora rufalis

Crocidophora rufalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1893. It is found in Sri Lanka.
# Discovergreece.com

Discover Greece is a Greek online traveling web portal, owned and operated by Marketing Greece. It was launched in February 2014 and offers information on destinations and experiences around the country. While initially featuring only Greek and English language versions, in April 2014 the site added German, French and Russian language options, with Turkish added in May 2015 and Italian and Spanish in 2018 and 2020 respectively.

## Services

The portal provides information on more than 120 destinations in Greece including 30 Greek themes. Visitors can watch more than 60 videos and 3000 photographs from all over Greece. The website also provides a directory of events in Greece and a booking functionality for hotels and air tickets.

## Research and strategy

Discover Greece focuses on the product dimension of Greek tourism. By utilising research from McKinsey's regarding the development of Greek tourism the portal strategically integrates technology and most up-to-date practices of digital communication to entice its audience. The portal's ultimate goal is to create a global social community of supporters of Greek tourism.
# Nora Attal

Nora Maria Attal is a British-Moroccan fashion model. She has been on the cover of the September issue of British Vogue, Vogue Arabia, and Vogue. In January 2019 Attal ranked top 50 models and in 2022 listed as an Icon by models.com. She is listed in the Business of Fashion 500 shaping the global fashion industry.

## Early life and education

Attal was born to Moroccan parents Charhabil and Bouchra, she grew up in Battersea before moving to Surrey. Attal attended Ewell Castle School, where she completed A Levels in History, Psychology, and Art. She later went to Baron Brown Studio in Los Angeles.

## Career

Attal was discovered by photographer Jamie Hawkesworth during a casting at her school for the JW Anderson campaign.
She appeared on the final cover of British Vogue under Alexandra Shulman, alongside Kate Moss, Stella Tennant, Eddie Campbell and Jean Campbell.
She has modelled for Chanel, Fendi, Gucci, Prada, Valentino, Dior, Tom Ford, Dolce & Gabbana, Ferrari, MaxMara, Elie Saab, Acne Studios, Burberry, Loewe, Oscar de la Renta, Jason Wu, Stella McCartney, Coperni, Couregge, Nina Ricci, Chloé, Altuzarra, Céline, Prabal Gurung, Longchamp, Tommy Hilfiger, Mary Katrantzou, Hermès, Roberto Cavalli, Michael Kors, Sonia Rykiel and Alexander McQueen.
In 2016, models.com ranked her as a “Top Newcomer”.

## Personal life

As of 2020, Attal lived in west London. She married Ecuadorian director and cinematographer Victor Bastidas 2022-2024 in Ibiza, having been in a relationship since 2019.
# Cryptomastridae

Cryptomastridae is a family of armoured harvestmen in the order Opiliones. There are two genera and four described species in Cryptomastridae, found in Oregon and Idaho.
The members of Cryptomastridae were formerly members of the family Cladonychiidae.

## Genera

These two genera belong to the family Cryptomastridae:
* Cryptomaster Briggs, 1969
* Speleomaster Briggs, 1974