OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Manfred I of Saluzzo

Manfred I (died 1175) was the founder and first ruler of the marquisate of Saluzzo from 1142 until his death.
Manfred was the eldest of seven sons of Bonifacio del Vasto, the ruler of scattered holdings between Savona and the Tanaro, and Agnes of Vermandois. He is first recorded in a document of 1123. After Bonifacio's death in 1125, his lands were ruled jointly by the brothers, but in 1142 they divided them up. Manfred took most of the lands between the Alps, the Po and the Stura. His new lordship was larger than his brother's and better positioned to become a true principality. It only came to be known as the marquisate of Saluzzo after his death. In his own life he used the title of marquis without a territorial designation, or else "marquis of Vasto" (Latin marchio de Vasto). He made his the strategically important castle of Saluzzo in the centre of his domain his seat.
In 1127, Manfred founded the monastery of Staffarda. He was an ally of the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, recognizing him as his suzerain and trying to maintain peace between him and the Lombard cities. Four diploma attest to his periodic attendance at Barbarossa's court at Milan (1161), Turin (1162) and Rimini (1167).
Manfred married Eleonora, the daughter of Judge Gonario II of Arborea. He was succeeded by his son Manfred II.
# Manfred Jung

Manfred Jung (9 July 1940 – 14 April 2017) was a German operatic tenor, who performed Wagner's heldentenor roles internationally, including the Metropolitan Opera and the Bayreuth Festival where he was Siegfried in the Jahrhundertring, but he also sang all other tenor roles in Der Ring des Nibelungen.

## Biography

Born in Oberhausen, Jung worked as a lighting technician at the Grillo-Theater in Essen. He studied voice at the Folkwang-Hochschule with Hilde Wesselmann, completing the Staatsexamen in 1968. He was engaged at the Kammeroper (Chamber Opera) in Cologne, from 1971 to 1975 at the Opernhaus Dortmund, where he appeared in 27 lyrical tenor roles, including leading roles such as Tamino in Mozart's Die Zauberflöte and Hans in Smetana's Die verkaufte Braut. He then moved to the Pfalztheater in Kaiserslautern, where he performed more dramatic roles such as Max in Weber's Der Freischütz and Don José in Bizet's Carmen.
He made his debut in Bayreuth in 1967 at the Bayreuther Jugendfestspiele as Arindal in Wagner's Die Feen, and sang in the festival choir there from 1970 to 1973. In 1975, he appeared as a guest at the Salzburg Easter Festival with Herbert von Karajan. He sang as a guest at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in 1976 and was engaged until 1988. When he appeared as a guest in Berlin in November 1976, he was recommended to the Bayreuth Festival, and appeared there as Siegfried in Götterdämmerung from 1977, in the Jahrhundertring staged by Patrice Chéreau for the centenary of the festival and the stage work, alongside Gwyneth Jones as Brünnhilde, and conducted by Pierre Boulez. He sang in Bayreuth several heldentenor roles, including three different cycles of The Ring.
He appeared internationally, such as 1980 in New York's Carnegie Hall, in 1981 at the Vienna State Opera and the Metropolitan Opera in New York. Jung and the rest of the cast received the Grammy Award for Best Opera Recording for their recording of the Jahrhundertring conducted by Pierre Boulez, as Siegfried in both Siegfried and Götterdämmerung at the 25th Annual Grammy Awards. He was one of few singers who performed all tenor parts in Der Ring des Nibelungen.
Jung was from c. 2005 the artistic director of the Junge Musiker-Stiftung, a Bayreuth foundation running the singing competition Cantilena Gesangswettbewerb for young singers in the categories opera, concert and operetta. He died in Essen.
# Caloptilia euhelia

Caloptilia euhelia is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Papua New Guinea.
# Maneluk

Maneluk is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* George Maneluk (born 1967), Canadian ice hockey player
* Mike Maneluk (born 1973), Canadian ice hockey player
# Bernard Croisile

Bernard Croisile, neurologist and neuropsychologist, has been the chair of the neuropsychology department at the Neurological Hospital of Lyon, France, since 1992. Croisile has written several hundred peer-reviewed articles for scientific publications, papers, and book chapters on aging and cognition. He received his M.D. and certification in neurology from Lyon Hospitals and his neurosciences specialty degree and Ph.D. in neuropsychology from University Claude Bernard in Lyon, France.
In 1998, Croisile was the recipient of the Alzheimer's Disease Parke-Davis Award.
# Mandria

Mandria is the name of the following settlements :
* Mandria, Limassol, a village in Cyprus
* Mandria, Paphos, a village in Cyprus
# Canadian Air Force (1918–1920)

The Canadian Air Force (CAF) was a contingent of two Canadian air force squadrons – one fighter and one bomber – authorized by the British Air Ministry in August 1918 during the close of the First World War. The unit was independent from the Canadian Expeditionary Force and the Royal Air Force (RAF).
In addition to the two squadrons, a CAF Directorate of Air Services was formed, which was a branch of the General Staff of the Overseas Military Forces of Canada. The CAF's first commander, Lt. Col. W. A. Bishop began setting up the squadrons in August 1918. The two squadrons never fought during the war, which ended on 11 November 1918. The squadrons were administered by No. 1 Wing CAF, which was formed in March 1919.
Both squadrons were stationed in the United Kingdom at Upper Heyford and later, Shoreham-By-Sea, Sussex. All aircraft, equipment and training facilities were provided by Britain. Recruiting, pay and clothing, however, was a Canadian responsibility.
The British government cut funding for the squadrons in June 1919. The Canadian government decided that a permanent peacetime air force was not needed and so both squadrons ceased operations: No. 1 Squadron on January 28, 1920, and No. 2 Squadron on February 5, 1920. Aircraft and associated equipment were sent back to Canada. The Directorate of Air Services was dissolved on 5 August 1920.
This Canadian Air Force was Canada's second attempt at creating a relatively independent air force, the first being the creation of the Canadian Aviation Corps in 1914. Another Canadian Air Force would be established in 1920 as part of the Air Board in Canada and would exist until the Royal Canadian Air Force was established in 1924.

## Squadrons

The two Canadian squadrons were designated a wing, which was commanded by a Wing Commander. The squadrons were:
* No. 1 (Fighter) Squadron (or No. 81 Squadron RAF)
* No. 2 (Day Bomber) Squadron (or No. 123 Squadron RAF)

## Primary operational aircraft

The Royal Flying Corps provided three types of aircraft. No. 2 Squadron also had the use of at least three captured Fokker D.VIIs.

### No. 1 Squadron

* Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5A fighter
* Sopwith Dolphin fighter

### No. 2 Squadron

* Airco DH.9A bomber
# Best Available Retrofit Technology

Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) is a pollution control standard in the United States Clean Air Act.

## Overview

A BART review is required by sections 169A and 169B of the Clean Air Act for pollution sources which might cause haze in a "Federal Class 1 area". An example of such a source is the Navajo Generating Station in Page, Arizona which could affect visibility in Grand Canyon National Park. BART provisions were included in the "Clean Air Visibility Rule," published by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1999, and amended in 2005.

## Determining best available retrofit technology

The Clean Air Act defines Best available retrofit technology:
   ... in determining best available retrofit technology the State (or the Administrator in determining emission limitations which reflect such technology) shall take into consideration the costs of compliance, the energy and nonair quality environmental impacts of compliance, any existing pollution control technology in use at the source, the remaining useful life of the source, and the degree of improvement in visibility which may reasonably be anticipated to result from the use of such technology;

## Navajo Generating Station

A BART review may take into account the interests of stakeholders associated with the source. In the case of Navajo Generating Station, EPA solicited input from stakeholders: the Department of the Interior, the Central Arizona Project, the Navajo Nation, the Gila River Indian Community, the Salt River Project, the Environmental Defense Fund, and Western Resources Advocates. A technical working group negotiated a "Reasonable Progress Alternative to BART" which was submitted by the Department of the Interior to the EPA on July 26, 2013 for consideration in development of a final rule. (The plant ceased commercial power generation in 2019.)
# Best Baby Father

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Best Baby Father is the fourth album released by Shabba Ranks.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Shabba Ranks, except where noted
# Mamie Odessa Hale

Mamie Odessa Hale (November 19, 1910 – July 10, 1979) was a leader in public health and a midwife consultant who worked in Arkansas for the Department of Health from 1945 to 1950. During this time, Hale's objective was to educate and train 'granny midwives.' (These women managed the medical side of pregnancies and assisted in delivery. They also were the ones who completed birth certificates for new born babies.) Her efforts were in place to address the public health disparity between black and white women that was currently evident.

## Early life and education

Mamie Odessa Hale was born on November 19, 1910, in Keeneys Creek, West Virginia, as the third child to Emanuel Hale and Minnie Maude Creasy Hale. Hale attended the Tuskegee School of Nurse-Midwifery for Colored Nurses in Alabama in 1941. The school was one of the few programs created to educate African American nurses. The Rosenwald Foundation and Children's Bureau, a government organization used to record and oversee all matters relating to child welfare, funded the school. The school required a bachelor's degree to enroll, but there is no record of where she would have received this education. The school graduated 31 students before its closing in 1946.

## Career

Hale began her career in public health in 1942 in the Crittenden County health department. At the time many registered nurses were off contributing to the war effort for World War II, which opened up more opportunities for Hale to further her career. Due to low access to health facilities in rural areas and racial barriers, disparity in the mortality rates of black children became a social issue that had to be handled. Before Hale's involvement, the attempts made by the state to regulate and educate midwives had been unsuccessful. Hale's strong community support of these efforts encouraged many women, on average between 60 and 80 years old, to strive to obtain nursing permits.
From 1945 to 1950, Hale was a midwife consultant for the Arkansas Health Department's Maternal and Child Health Division. After much success Hale was appointed to the role of midwife consultant for the Arkansas Department of Health. In this position, she educated “granny” midwives to become more competent in the delivery of children. While working for the Arkansas Department of Health, Hale planned her 8- to 12-week training program for granny midwives. Many of these women in training were illiterate, so Hale created her program to be demonstration based, consisting of movies, singing, and pictures. After the completion of the full training, the midwives became state certified. Her work with the public health system led to a decrease in the number of deaths of African Americans due to pregnancy and childbirth to only 43 in 1950, in comparison to 128 in 1930. Due to her great influence, Hale gained popularity not only in the medical community, but also in the civil rights movement. Supporters of Hale, both white and black, boycotted restaurants that refused to serve African Americans and called for equality across the country.
# Manimaran Govindarasu

Manimaran Govindarasu is a Ross Martin Mehl and Marylyne Munas Mehl Professor of electrical and computer engineering at the Iowa State University. He holds B.E. in computer science and engineering from Bharathidasan University (1989), an MTech in computer technology from the Indian Institutes of Technology (1993), and Ph.D. in computer science and engineering from the Indian Institutes of Technology (1998). He was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015 for contributions to security of power grids.
# Manhattan Panorama

Manhattan Panorama is a live album led by saxophonist George Coleman recorded in 1985 at the Village Vanguard and released on the Theresa label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
In his review for AllMusic, Ron Wynn observed "Other than a good-natured but ultimately empty vocal, Coleman was routinely brilliant on every number during this live Village Vanguard set".

## Track listing

All compositions by George Coleman except as indicated
* "Mayor Koch" – 3:28
* "New York Suite: I Love New York/Manhattan/How About You?/Harlem Nocturne/Autumn in New York/New York, New York" (Steve Karmen/Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart/Ralph Freed, Burton Lane/Earle Hagen, Dick Rogers/Vernon Duke/Fred Ebb, John Kander) – 19:12
* "Subway Ride" – 6:09
* "El Barrio" – 6:00
* "New York Housing Blues" – 9:36
* "Ray of Light" (Consuela Lee Morehead) – 15:04 Bonus track on CD reissue

## Personnel

* George Coleman – tenor saxophone, alto saxophone, vocals
* Harold Mabern – piano
* Jamil Nasser – bass
* Idris Muhammad – drums
# Candida

Candida, or Cándida (Spanish), may refer to:

## Biology and medicine

* Candida (fungus), a genus of yeasts
** Candidiasis, an infection by Candida organisms
* Malvasia Candida, a variety of grape

## Places

* Candida, Campania, a comune in Avellino, Italy
* Candida Casa, a church in Whithorn, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland
* Aguas Cándidas, a municipality in Burgos, Castile and León, Spain

## People

* Candida (given name)
* Aldoino Filangieri di Candida (died 1283), nobleman in the Kingdom of Naples
* Candida Maria de Jesus (1845–1912), Spanish nun and saint
* Candida, pen name of Eibhlín Ní Bhriain (1925–1986)

## Theatre, film and performing arts

* Candida (play), by George Bernard Shaw
** Candida (1962 film), an Australian television adaptation
* Cándida (1939 film), a 1939 Argentine musical film drama directed by Luis Bayon Herrera
** This film was followed by several others featuring the same character played by Nini Marshall including:
** Los Celos de Cándida, a 1940 sequel
** Cándida millonaria, a 1941 sequel
** Cándida, la mujer del año, a 1943 sequel
* Cándida (2006 film), a 2006 Spanish comedy by Javier Fesser
* "Candida Esperanzada", an episode of the Mexican series Mujeres Asesinas
* Candida, a character on the television series Phil of the Future

## Music

* Candida (album), by Dawn 1970
** "Candida" (song), its title track
* "Candida", a song by Ultra Vivid Scene from their 1992 album Rev

## Other

* Candida (typeface)
* SS Empire Candida, a cargo ship
# Man of the World (album)

Man of the World is a studio album by Greek singer Demis Roussos, released in 1980 on Mercury Records.

## Commercial performance

The album reached no. 36 in the Netherlands.

## Track listing

All tracks produced by David Mackay for the Round Record Co. Ltd.

### Spanish version Hombre del mundo (Man of the World)
## Charts

| Chart (1980) | Peak position |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 36 |
# Bethania Chapel, Mountain Ash

Bethania is an Independent chapel in Phillip Street, Mountain Ash, Glamorgan, Wales. Services at Bethania are conducted in the Welsh language.

## Early history

The church began in the form of a Sunday school built in 1850, although earlier meetings had been held at the home of one Daniel Rowlands, which later became the Glancynon Inn. The first chapel was built in 1854 at a cost of £320, but became too small as a result of the religious revival of 1859. A new chapel was therefore built at a cost of £950 with seating for 750. This coincided with the sinking of the Deep Duffryn Colliery in 1855, which led to a large influx of people into the area.
David Edward Coleman (Eos Hefin), also known as Coleman Bach (Little Coleman), was a prominent member of Bethania. For many years he conducted the chapel choir and was one of the conductors of the South Wales Choral Union which won the first prize at a celebrated choral competition at the Crystal Palace in London in 1872. Coleman kept a grocery and drapery business at 54 Commercial Street, Mountain Ash.
The chapel was enlarged in 1887 and a new vestry built alongside. Thomas Llewellyn was minister from 1854 until 1888. He was succeeded by Owen Jones, who remained until 1909.

## Twentieth century

John Phillips was minister from 1911 until 1945 and Haydn Davies from 1950 until 1960.
The chapel remains beautifully preserved and maintained. There were 20 members in 2004. Mountain Ash and District Choral Society hold their practices and rehearsals at the vestry.
# Betibú

Betibú is a 2014 Argentine crime mystery film directed by Miguel Cohan and based on the novel of the same name by Claudia Piñeiro.

## Cast

* Mercedes Morán - Nurit Iscar
* Daniel Fanego - Jaime Brena
* Alberto Ammann - Mariano Saravia
* José Coronado - Lorenzo Rinaldi
* Osmar Núñez - Roberto Gandolfini
* Norman Briski - Gato
* Lito Cruz - Venturini
# Beti Zindabad Bakery

The Beti Zindabad Bakery was established in the Jashpur district of Chhattisgarh, India in 2017. It employs survivors of human trafficking and won the 2017 Nari Shakti Puraskar.

## History

The Beti Zindabad Bakery was established in the village of Kansabel in the Jashpur district of Chhattisgarh in 2017. It employs people who have survived human trafficking. Founded by a District Collector, the bakery is the only one in the village and sells cakes and cookies. The employees, women between the ages of 15 and 22, received training at the Vigyan Ashram in Pune and then opened the bakery with loans from Zilla Vyapar Udyog and the Women and Child Development Department. By 2018 the bakery was turning a daily profit and the ten employees could pay off their initial costs at Rs 8800 per month. Other costs include rent at Rs 4000 and electricity at Rs 5200 per month, respectively.
Workers from the bakery received the 2017 Nari Shakti Puraskar from the President of India, Ram Nath Kovind, in recognition of the project. The prize came with an award of Rs 100,000. The bakery is one of a number of project across India which aims to help people who would otherwise find it hard to find employment.
# Cameron Bar Indian Reserve No. 13

Cameron Bar Indian Reserve No. 13, referred to as Cameron Bar 13 for census purposes, is an Indian reserve in the Fraser Canyon region of the Canadian province of British Columbia. As of 2001, the population was 0 (No population change since 1996). The area of the reserve was .35 square kilometres. It is under the administration of the Lytton First Nation based in nearby Lytton, 15 miles to the south, which is a band government of the Nlaka'pamux people.

## Name origin

The name of the reserve derives from that of Cameron Bar, a gold-bearing sandbar on the Fraser River below named during the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush of 1858–59.

## Population

The reserve's population as of the 2006 census was 0.
# Beşdəli, Sabirabad

Beşdəli (also, Beshdali, Yakha-Bashtali, and Yakha-Beshtali) is a village and municipality in the Sabirabad District of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 427.
# Cape Columbia

Cape Columbia is the northernmost point of land of Canada, located on Ellesmere Island in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut. It marks the westernmost coastal point of Lincoln Sea in the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's northernmost point of land outside Greenland. The distance to the North Pole is 769 km (478 mi).
As the northernmost point of Canada, Cape Columbia is exposed to the ice drift of the Arctic sea ice. The approximately 2 m (6 ft 7 in) thick pack ice of the Arctic Ocean moves several hundred metres per day from east to west. As a result, mighty ice pressure ridges can be piled up at Cape Columbia.

## History

In 1876, Pelham Aldrich was the first European to reach Cape Columbia. He was a lieutenant with the British Arctic Expedition (1875-76) of explorer George Nares.

## Gallery

* Pack ice of the Arctic Ocean accumulates off Cape Columbia. The Twin Otter airplane stands on the fast ice between the stacked pack ice (right) and the mainland
* Ice pressure ridges of the Arctic Ocean off Cape Columbia
* Map of Cape Columbia and the Lincoln Sea

### Peary

Robert Peary chose the Cape as the location for the northernmost depot of his final attempt to reach the North Pole (1909), not only for its proximity but because it is located far enough west to be out of the ice current setting down Robeson Channel. From Cape Columbia his party planned to strike straight north over the ice of the Arctic Ocean. His winter camp and ship the SS Roosevelt were situated some 140 km (90 mi) southeast, at Cape Sheridan near Alert.
Peary's sledge divisions left the Roosevelt from February 15 to 22, 1909, rendezvoused at Cape Columbia, and on March 1 the expedition left Cape Columbia, heading across the Arctic Ocean for the Pole. The 84th parallel was crossed on March 18, the 86th on March 23. Peary returned to land at Cape Columbia again on April 23. Peary's claim to have reached the North Pole has long been subject to doubt. While some polar historians believe that Peary honestly thought he had reached the pole, others have suggested that he was guilty of deliberately exaggerating his accomplishments.
# Cape Community FM

CCFM (Cape Community FM) is a 24-hour, (when there is no load shedding) 7-day-a-week community radio station serving the people of Cape Town, South Africa. As a non-profit radio station who must adhere to ICASA Community Broadcasting regulations, CCFM broadcasts a mix of contemporary Christian music, combined with talk, views and interviews, and up-to-the-minute news, weather, and traffic information. Its slogan is “Changing lives for good.”
CCFM started as Radio Fish Hoek in 1993. The station was founded by the Fish Hoek Baptist Church. It currently broadcasts in Cape Town, False Bay, Stellenbosch, Goodwood, Fish Hoek, Simon’s Town, and Atlantis on 96.7 & 107.5 FM. English is its primary language, but airs some Xhosa & Afrikaans as well.
CCFM styles itself as a Christian radio station, boasting about 152,000 listeners as of October 2014. About 10% are younger than 25, a quarter of listeners are 25–34, a third 35–49, and 30% are 50 or older. The sex of the audience breaks 48% male, 52% female.
# Cape Conran Coastal Park

Cape Conran Coastal Park is a coastal reserve located near Marlo in East Gippsland in Victoria, Australia. The 11,700 hectare area was declared a coastal park under the National Parks Act 1975 (Vic) in 1997. It is 420 km east of Melbourne and 530 km south of Sydney.

## Flora and fauna

Much of the area is covered by heathland and banksia woodland which attracts nectar-feeding birds. Dolphins and whales (depending on the time of year) may be spotted off the coast. The abundant bird life includes white-bellied sea eagles and the eastern ground parrot.

## Recreation

The area is used for a number of water-based activities including boating, fishing, swimming, diving and rock pooling.
Short walks within the park include the Heathland Walk, the Cape Conran Nature Trail, the East Cape Boardwalk and the Yeerung River Estuary View and Gorge trails. Day walk destinations include Dock Inlet and Pearl Point.
The Banksia Bluff Camping Area has facilities including septic toilets, cold showers, tables and fireplaces. Cabin accommodation is also provided nearby.
# Mantoida maya

Mantoida maya, common name little Yucatán mantis, is a species of praying mantis found in Mexico and the U.S. state of Florida.