OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Avik Kabessa

Avik Kabessa is the CEO of car service company Carmel.

## History
### Veterinary clinic

Kabessa received his degree in veterinary medicine at Ross University School of Medicine in St. Kitts in 1994. In 1996, he founded the Medical Center for Animals in Ashqelon, Israel.

### Positions and contributions

Kabessa is the president and co-founder of Livery Roundtable (LRT). Created in 2008, LRT represents the interest of 240 bases with 14,000 drivers. The LRT is responsible for many local and state laws that have bettered the livery driver working conditions. In 2009, Kabessa was active in promulgating a law that on workers compensation insurance. The law created a workers compensation fund for 23,000 livery drivers. Avik is the Chairman of the New York State Independent Livery Benefit Fund. In 2011, he was awarded Livery Round Table Honoree.
# Balangnin

Balangnin is a village in the Aquin commune of the Aquin Arrondissement, in the Sud department of Haiti.
# Balangir Lok Mahotsav

Balangir Lok Mahotsav is generally held in every winter (Dec-Jan) in the Balangir town.

## The festival

The festival is celebrated for 2–4 days. The organizers attempt to bring the cultural associations from every part of the district together as this festival aim to popularize the traditional culture, songs, dances and musics. Several tribal and non-tribal communities showcase their rich heritage in this festival.
In addition, various rural communities sell their products viz. handicraft, paddy-craft, hand loom, earthen designs and food items in the festival markets. Such markets provide ample opportunities for the exchange of art and culture.
Time to time the organizers also felicitate young and famous talents from different places. Such festivals are also organized in different districts of Odisha. There was a demand to rename the festival as Kosal Tihar
# Erundirapatti

Erundirapatti is a village in the illuppur taluk of Pudukkottai district, Tamil Nadu, India.

## Demographics

As per the 2001 census, Erundirapatti had a total population of 2856 with 1404 men and 1452 women. The gender ratio was 1.034. The literacy rate was 48.88%
# Arene miniata

Arene miniata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Areneidae.
# Movistar Team

Movistar Team may refer to:
* Movistar Team (men's team), a professional cycling team that competes on the UCI World Tour
* Movistar Team (women's team), a professional cycling team that competes on the UCI Women's World Tour
* Movistar–Best PC, an Ecuadorian developmental cycling team that competes on UCI Continental circuits
* Movistar Team (Continental Team), a twice disbanded Colombian developmental cycling team that competed on UCI Continental circuits
* Movistar Team Ecuador, a defunct Ecuadorian developmental cycling team that competed on UCI Continental circuits
# Najas tenuifolia

Najas tenuifolia is an aquatic plant growing in fresh water ponds. It is a native to Hong Kong, Thailand, Indonesia (Java, Maluku, Sulawesi, Bali, Lombok, Timor), the Philippines and Australia (every state and territory except Tasmania).

## Varieties and Subspecies

Four varietal are currently recognized:
* Najas tenuifolia var. celebica (Koord.) W.J.de Wilde - Sulawesi
* Najas tenuifolia var. pseudograminea (W.Koch) W.J.de Wilde - most of specific range
* Najas tenuifolia var. tenuifolia - Sulawesi, Australia
# Messaoudi

Messaoudi (in Arabic مسعودي) is a surname. Notable people with the name include:
* Ahmed El Messaoudi (born 1995), Moroccan footballer
* Aïssa Messaoudi, Algerian Islamist.
* Ali Messaoudi (born 1995), Algerian steeplechase runner
* Billel Messaoudi (born 1997), Algerian footballer
* Kamel Messaoudi (1961–1998), Algerian Chaabi music performer
* Khalida Messaoudi or Khalida Toumi (born 1958), Algerian politician
* Mehdi Messaoudi (born 1989), French-Moroccan footballer
* Mehdi Messaoudi (wrestler) (born 1990), Moroccan Greco-Roman wrestler.
* Mohamed Messaoudi (born 1973), Tunisian handball player
# Depth (ring theory)

In commutative and homological algebra, depth is an important invariant of rings and modules. Although depth can be defined more generally, the most common case considered is the case of modules over a commutative Noetherian local ring. In this case, the depth of a module is related with its projective dimension by the Auslander–Buchsbaum formula. A more elementary property of depth is the inequality
    $\mathrm {depth} (M)\leq \dim(M),$
where $\dim M$ denotes the Krull dimension of the module $M$. Depth is used to define classes of rings and modules with good properties, for example, Cohen-Macaulay rings and modules, for which equality holds.

## Definition

Let $R$ be a commutative ring, $I$ an ideal of $R$ and $M$ a finitely generated $R$-module with the property that $IM$ is properly contained in $M$. (That is, some elements of $M$ are not in $IM$.) Then the $I$-depth of $M$, also commonly called the grade of $M$, is defined as
    $\mathrm {depth} _{I}(M)=\min\{i:\operatorname {Ext} ^{i}(R/I,M)\neq 0\}.$
By definition, the depth of a local ring $R$ with a maximal ideal ${\mathfrak {m}}$ is its ${\mathfrak {m}}$-depth as a module over itself. If $R$ is a Cohen-Macaulay local ring, then depth of $R$ is equal to the dimension of $R$.
By a theorem of David Rees, the depth can also be characterized using the notion of a regular sequence.

### Theorem (Rees)

Suppose that $R$ is a commutative Noetherian local ring with the maximal ideal ${\mathfrak {m}}$ and $M$ is a finitely generated $R$-module. Then all maximal regular sequences $x_{1},\ldots ,x_{n}$ for $M$, where each $x_{i}$ belongs to ${\mathfrak {m}}$, have the same length $n$ equal to the ${\mathfrak {m}}$-depth of $M$.

## Depth and projective dimension

The projective dimension and the depth of a module over a commutative Noetherian local ring are complementary to each other. This is the content of the Auslander–Buchsbaum formula, which is not only of fundamental theoretical importance, but also provides an effective way to compute the depth of a module. Suppose that $R$ is a commutative Noetherian local ring with the maximal ideal ${\mathfrak {m}}$ and $M$ is a finitely generated $R$-module. If the projective dimension of $M$ is finite, then the Auslander–Buchsbaum formula states
    $\mathrm {pd} _{R}(M)+\mathrm {depth} (M)=\mathrm {depth} (R).$

## Depth zero rings

A commutative Noetherian local ring $R$ has depth zero if and only if its maximal ideal ${\mathfrak {m}}$ is an associated prime, or, equivalently, when there is a nonzero element $x$ of $R$ such that $x{\mathfrak {m}}=0$ (that is, $x$ annihilates ${\mathfrak {m}}$). This means, essentially, that the closed point is an embedded component.
For example, the ring $k[x,y]/(x^{2},xy)$ (where $k$ is a field), which represents a line ($x=0$) with an embedded double point at the origin, has depth zero at the origin, but dimension one: this gives an example of a ring which is not Cohen–Macaulay.
# Lohr, Bas-Rhin

Lohr (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Cyclophora inaequalis

Cyclophora inaequalis is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Zambia.
# Lolly scramble

A lolly scramble is a children's party game common in New Zealand and Australia, in which an adult throws fistfuls of lollies into the air while the children 'scramble' to catch them or gather them from the ground.
The phrase lolly scramble is also used metaphorically in reference to government budgets and pre-election promises.

## History

The first recorded New Zealand lolly scramble was held in 1870. Nut scrambles were also recorded in the following decades.
Lolly scrambles were first held at picnics and parties, but by the 1930s had grown popular at galas, cinemas, ice skating rinks, and annual Santa parades.

## Procedure

One or more adults take on the role of distributing the lollies. This may be a parent at a small party, the principal at a school gala, or Santa at a Santa parade. Children are called to gather around, often with smaller children near the front. The adult then throws lollies into the air, in different directions so that all children have a chance to gather lollies. Children then compete to gather the lollies. When all the lollies have been claimed, adults may encourage the more successful children to share with less successful (especially younger) children. In some cases, the organisers may institute a limit to reduce competition and disappointment.
In an early variant, lollies were attached to the suit of the adult, and children snatched the lollies off as he ran.

## Controversy

Hygiene was raised as a concern by parents when unwrapped sweets were distributed by dirty hands and landed on 'polluted' ground.
Later as aerial drops became more popular, the speed at which lollies could hurt children. A child in 1992 dove under a moving Santa parade float to retrieve a lolly and broke his arm. This and other incidents caused many events to cancel or tighten restrictions on lolly scrambles. However, despite fears of government bans, no laws or bylaws were enacted against them, and under health and safety regulations, "Being hit by a flying lolly would not be defined as a significant hazard."
# 2001 Argentina rugby union tour of New Zealand and Great Britain

The 2001 Argentina rugby union tour of Europe were two a series of matches played by the Argentina national rugby union team. The first tour (four match) was held in June, the second (two match) in November.

## Matches

Scores and results list Argentina's points tally first.

### In New Zealand

| Opponent | For | Against | Date | Venue | Status |
| Counties Manukau | 70 | 26 | 17 June 2001 | Pukekohe | Tour match |
| Thames Valley | 26 | 12 | 19 June 2001 | Paeroa | Tour match |
| New Zealand | 19 | 67 | 23 June 2001 | Christchurch | Test match |
| New Zealand Māori | 24 | 43 | 26 June 2001 | Rotorua | Tour match |

### In Great Britain

| Opponent | For | Against | Date | Venue | Status |
| Wales A | 30 | 14 | 6 November 2001 | Sardis Road, Pontypridd | Tour match |
| Wales | 30 | 16 | 10 November 2001 | Millennium Stadium, Cardiff | Test match |
| Scotland A | 35 | 40 | 14 November 2001 | Philiphaugh Stadium, Selkirk | Tour match |
| Scotland | 25 | 16 | 18 November 2001 | Murrayfield Stadium, Edinburgh | Test match |
# Cyrtodactylus kulenensis

Cyrtodactylus kulenensis is a species of gecko that is endemic to Cambodia.
# Ansomardi

Peäro-August Pitka (1865-1915), also known for his pseudonym Ansomardi, was an Estonian children's writer and officer in the Russian czarist army. His younger brother was Johan Pitka, a rear admiral and hero of the Estonian War of Independence.

## Books
### Stories

* Jalgsemaa Kitse-eide muinasjutud (1901)
* Kaks sündinud lugu (1904)
* Poolik elu (1904)
* Elu-pudemed (1909)
* Sõja päivilt (1910)
* Lastejutud (1911)
* Jalgsemaa Kitse-eide muinasjutud ja teisi jutte (1979)

### Plays

* Murieide tütar (1900)
* Matsil unes, teistel ilmsi (1901)

### Miscellaneous

* Võimlemise ehk Gümnastika õpetus (1904)
* Sõjamehe sõnastik (1914)
# Bahanaga

Bahanaga, a small village, is the block headquarters of the Bahanaga block in Balasore district of the Indian state of Odisha. It's one of the major business spots in the Balasore district.

## Overview

Bahanaga block consists of 21 grampanchayats. The block office itself resides in Bahanaga.

## Geography

Bahanaga village is situated near National Highway 16 (NH-16), making it a commercial hub. A part of the block is on the sea shore of the Bay of Bengal, 10–12 km (East) away from the block headquarters. The climate is temperate.

## Demographics and culture

As of 2011 census, there is a total of 151 houses, with a population of 593, of which there are 310 males and 283 females. Children of the age range, 0-6, are 81 (41 males and 40 females). There are 85 schedule caste and 164 scheduled tribes in this village. Literacy in this locality is 66.41% and improving.

## Communication and transportation

The block headquarters, Bahanaga, is well connected with its nearest cities, Soro and Balasore by both road and railways. The Bahanaga Bazar railway station serves almost a thousand people daily. Some local trains halt here. The nearest big railway stations are Soro and Balasore. By the National highway 16, Bahanaga is almost connected with the rest of Odisha. The other major big places, Gopalpur and Khantapara are also connected with other places either via the roadways or railways.
It was the site of the 2023 Odisha train collision.
# Erundu Combined School

Erundu Combined School formerly known as Erundu Secondary School is a formerly white-only school on Kwame Nkrumah Street in Oshakati, situated in the Oshana region in northern Namibia.
In 2010, it was considered one of the best schools in Namibia but has since lost this status. The school taught Fysal El Maralby, the 4th best learner in Namibia. This accomplishment made the community of the school of Erundu proud and well known in the country.
It was a junior secondary school until 2008, teaching grades 1 to 10. Then grades 11 and 12 were added, and the name was changed to "combined school". In August 2010, the school got a newly renovated and computer-equipped resource center which was named after Eddie Bezuidenhout, a benefactor of the school and the school inspector responsible for the Eheke Circuit.
The school currently needs funding from parents or financial institutions, to build more classrooms and fix broken equipment.
Basketball was once its most important sport, but this was greatly overshadowed by its rugby team which was largely funded by the players and outside sponsors.
# Argyria sericina

Argyria sericina is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1881. It is found in Colombia.
# 1997 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira

The 1997 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was the 19th edition of the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira, the annual Portuguese football season-opening match contested by the winners of the previous season's top league and cup competitions (or cup runner-up in case the league- and cup-winning club is the same). The 1997 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was contested over two legs, and opposed Boavista and Porto of the Primeira Liga. Porto qualified for the SuperCup by winning the 1996–97 Primeira Divisão, whilst Boavista qualified for the Supertaça by winning the 1996–97 Taça de Portugal.
The first leg which took place at the Estádio do Bessa, saw Boavista defeat Porto 2–0. The second leg which took place at the Estádio das Antas, saw the Dragões defeat the Axadrezados 1–0, but the Axadrezados win a third Supertaça after 2–1 on aggregate over two legs.

## First leg
### Details

| Boavista | Porto |
Ricardo :
| RB | 2 | Paulo Sousa (c) |
| CB | 3 | Rui Bento |
| CB | 17 | Litos |
| LB | 30 | Mário Silva |
| RM | 10 | Luís Carlos | 15' |
| CM | 4 | José Tavares |
| CM | 6 | Hélder Baptista |
| LM | 25 | Russell Latapy | 45' |
| CF | 13 | Kwame Ayew |
| CF | 21 | Rui Miguel | 68' |
| Substitutes: |||
| DF | 15 | William Quevedo | 15' |
| MF | 7 | Ion Timofte | 45' |
| MF | 20 | Jorge Couto | 68' |
| Manager: |||
| Mário Reis ||||
Rui Correia :
| RB | 15 | Neves | 63' |
| CB | 13 | Lula |
| CB | 19 | João Manuel Pinto |
| LB | 3 | Rui Jorge | 63' |
| DM | 20 | Paulinho Santos (c) |
| RM | 7 | Sérgio Conceição |
| CM | 6 | José Barroso |
| LM | 8 | Rui Barros |
| SS | 10 | António Folha | 63' |
| CF | 16 | Mário Jardel |
| Substitutes: |||
| FW | 11 | Ljubinko Drulović | 63' |
| FW | 14 | Artur | 63' |
| FW | 21 | Capucho | 63' |
| Manager: |||
| António Oliveira ||||
| Match officials Assistant referees: Fourth official: | Match rules 90 minutes. Maximum of three substitutions |

## Second leg
### Details

| Porto | Boavista |
Rui Correia :
| RB | 19 | João Manuel Pinto |
| CB | 4 | Aloísio (c) |
| LB | 13 | Fernando Mendes |
| DM | 20 | Paulinho Santos |
| CM | 26 | Youssef Chippo | 48' |
| RM | 7 | Sérgio Conceição |
| AM | 8 | Rui Barros |
| LM | 25 | Zlatko Zahovič |
| SS | 10 | António Folha | 57' |
| CF | 16 | Mário Jardel |
| Substitutes: |||
| FW | 14 | Artur | 57' |
| FW | 21 | Capucho | 48' |
| Manager: |||
| António Oliveira ||||
Ricardo :
| RB | 2 | Paulo Sousa (c) |
| LF | 15 | William Quevedo | 85' |
| CB | 17 | Litos |
| CB | 5 | Isaías |
| LB | 30 | Mário Silva |
| DM | 3 | Rui Bento |
| CM | 4 | José Tavares | 45' |
| CM | 6 | Hélder Baptista |
| CF | 13 | Kwame Ayew |
| RF | 16 | Martelinho | 35' |
| Substitutes: |||
| MF | 14 | Delfim Teixeira | 45' |
| MF | 20 | Jorge Couto | 85' |
| FW | 18 | Jacaré | 35' |
| Manager: |||
| Mário Reis ||||
* 1997 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira Winners
* Boavista 3rd Title
| Match officials Assistant referees: Fourth official: | Match rules 90 minutes. Maximum of three substitutions |
# Najas minor

Najas minor, known as brittle naiad or brittle waternymph, is an annual aquatic plant, a submersed herb. It is native to Europe, Asia and North Africa from the Netherlands to Morocco east to Japan and the Philippines, including China, Siberia, Central Asia, Iran, Turkey, Ukraine, Germany, France Italy and a host of other countries. It is now introduced to North America and considered a weedy invasive species in the eastern half of the United States from Florida to Oklahoma to New Hampshire to Ontario to South Dakota. This plant prefers calm waters, such as ponds, reservoirs, and lakes, and is capable of growing in depths up to 4 meters.

## Identification

Najas minor grows in dense clusters and has highly branched stems. These stems fragment easily and this plant is capable of propagation from stem fragments or from small seeds which grow along its stem. The small flowers are located in clusters along the leaf axils. The leaves of the plant are opposite, unbranched, strap-shaped, and are around 4.5 centimeters in length. The leaves have serrations which are visible to the naked eye. This plant is similar in morphology to coontail or slender naiad.

## Distribution

Najas minor is distributed widely in the Northern Hemisphere, such as Canada, the United States, Japan, China, Europe. This species is also reported from tropical Asia (Thailand), but the report is now recognized as an identification error.

## Invasive spread and control

Brittle naiad was introduced to the United States, where it is considered an invasive species or noxious weed, in the 1900s. Brittle naiad in the United States is established in the Mid-Atlantic States. Established populations are found as far west as Oklahoma and Ontario, Canada in the north. The presence of this plant is a problem because its dense growth covers wide areas, inhibiting the growth of native species of aquatic macrophytes. The thick, clustering growths of brittle naiad can make fishing access or the operation of a boat difficult in a pond or lake. Brittle naiad may spread to new areas by stem fragments carried on a boat's hull, deck, propeller, or trailer. Control measures for brittle naiad include the use of aquatic herbicides, but application of chemicals may not destroy the seeds. Grass carp are another widely used control measure and have been known to readily consume brittle naiad plants. Mechanical harvesting of brittle naiad is difficult, as the brittle stems readily break and are easily disbursed throughout the system. As with most invasive species, prevention of an infestation is easier than eradication.
# Me and My Chauffeur Blues

"Me and My Chauffeur Blues" is a song written and recorded by blues singer and guitarist Memphis Minnie in 1941. It was added to the U.S. National Recording Registry in 2019. A number of other musicians have recorded the song, or adaptations of it, often under shortened titles.

## Memphis Minnie's song

Memphis Minnie recorded "Me and My Chauffeur Blues" in Chicago on May 21, 1941, for Okeh Records, with her husband Ernest "Little Son Joe" Lawlars on additional guitar. She used the tune of "Good Morning, School Girl", recorded by John Lee "Sonny Boy" Williamson in 1937. The 78 rpm record listed "Lawlar" as the songwriter, but it is thought Minnie wrote the song herself. Performing rights organizations show both Minnie and Ernest Lawler [sic] as the writers. The song was selected by the Library of Congress in 2019 for preservation in the National Recording Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

## Adaptations by other musicians

Big Mama Thornton recorded a version of the song as "Me and My Chauffeur" backed by guitarist Johnny Talbot and his band in Berkeley, California, in March 1964 for producer James C. Moore. It was released that year as a single with "Before Day", the only record ever issued on Moore's Sharp label. Moore leased the two tracks to the Bihari brothers, who issued them on a Kent Records single in 1965. Thornton also recorded it with backing by Mississippi Fred McDowell on slide guitar in the recording session for the Big Mama Thornton – In Europe album in London on October 20, 1965. The track was omitted from the original album, but added as a bonus track titled "Chauffeur Blues" on the 2005 CD reissue.
Nina Simone first heard the piece sung by Thornton. Andy Stroud, Simone's husband and manager, adapted it for her and she recorded it as "Chauffeur" on her Let It All Out album, released in February 1966.
Jefferson Airplane recorded a version as "Chauffeur Blues" on the album Jefferson Airplane Takes Off, released in August 1966, with Signe Anderson as the lead vocalist. The album lists Lester Melrose, the influential early blues record producer, as the songwriter. It is performed at a faster tempo than Minnie's version and uses only three of her four verses. Anderson performed the song with strong contralto vocals. According to Jeff Tamarkin, author of Got a Revolution! The Turbulent Flight of Jefferson Airplane, Jorma Kaukonen brought in "Chauffeur Blues" for Signe to sing. It was not included in the repertoire of Jefferson Airplane's early gigs and was performed only occasionally. It was last performed by the Airplane on October 15, 1966, at the concert recorded as Signe's Last. An extended version of the song is included in the remastered version of Jefferson Airplane Takes Off. The blues writer and historian Thomas Millroth claims Memphis Minnie received no royalties from Jefferson Airplane.
Versions of the song have been recorded by a number of other artists.
# Aras Ören

Aras Ören is a writer of Turkish origin, currently living in Germany. He was born in November 1939 in Istanbul, and moved to Berlin in 1969. He was editor of the SFB and head of the Turkish editorial team of Radio Multikulti of the RBB. In 1981, he received an honorary prize from the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts. In 1985, he was awarded the Adelbert von Chamisso Prize. In 1999 he was a lecturer at the University of Tübingen. Since 2012 he has been a member of the Akademie der Künste, Berlin.
Ören writes in Turkish and helps to translate his works into German. Some of his works first appeared in German. His works include “What does Niyazi want in Naunynstrasse” (1973), “Privatexil” (1976), “Germany. A Turkish fairy tale ”(1978), “ Please no police ”(1981), “ Berlin-Savignyplatz ”(1995) and “Longing for Hollywood ”(1999). In 2014, Verbrecher Verlag published the volume of short stories Kopfstand, and in 2016 We New Europeans, both with illustrations by Wolfgang Neumann.