OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bruce Claflin

Bruce Claflin is an American businessman and Corporate Director having served in the past on the boards of 3Com Corporation, Time Warner Telecom, and Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) where he was Executive Chairman for 10 years. He is currently a director of Ciena Corp, a global supplier of telecommunications networking equipment, software, and services and IDEXX Laboratories a provider of Veterinary Diagnostic Systems and Software.

## Education

Claflin received his bachelor of arts degree in political science from Pennsylvania State University.

## Career

In 1973 Claflin joined IBM in a sales position. Over a 22 year career he held a number of senior positions in Sales, Marketing, Research, Development and General Management both in the US and overseas. In 1992 Claflin led the team which developed the IBM ThinkPad line of products after which he became President of Personal Computers/America. Claflin left IBM in 1995 to become Senior Vice President and General Manager at Digital Equipment Corp responsible for their Personal Computer Business. In 1998 he was named Executive Vice President, Sales and Marketing, a position he held until the sale of the company to Compaq Corporation.
In August 1998, he joined 3Com, a provider of networking equipment, software, services and attached devices, as President and Chief Operating Officer. In January 2001 Claflin was appointed as a Director, President and Chief Executive Officer at 3Com a position he held until February, 2006, at which time he retired.
In addition to the board of 3Com, Mr. Claflin has also served on the board of directors of Time Warner Telecom and AMD, where he was Chairman for 14 years. Mr Claflin currently serves on the boards of IDEXX Laboratories and Ciena Corporation.
# Dorma

Dorma was a German company that produced door technology systems and allied products. It merged with Kaba Holding in September 2015 and became part of Dormakaba Group.

## Overview

Dorma was founded by Wilhelm Dörken and Rudolf Mankel as Dörken & Mankel KG in Ennepetal, Germany, in 1908. The family business was managed by owner Karl-Rudolf Mankel in third generation. As part of succession planning, previous sole Dorma proprietor Karl-Rudolf Mankel transferred the majority of his shareholding to his daughters Christine and Stephanie in March 2009.
In April 2015, Dorma Holding announced a planned merger with Swiss-based Kaba Group. The group went on to become Dormakaba Group.

## Structure and organization

The company was divided into six divisions: Door Control, Automatics, Glass, Movable Walls, Security Systems & Trade Counters. Dorma’s head office in Ennepetal controlled 69 wholly owned companies in 45 countries. Its major production plants were located in Europe, China, Malaysia, North and South America.

## Product range

* Door control: door closers, door furniture and fittings, window handles, hinges and locks
* Automatics: automatic door operators, sliding doors, swing doors and revolving doors, automatically operated sliding glass panel partitions
* Glass: fittings, door and side panel rails, locks
* Security: access control systems, security door fittings, emergency exit control systems, lock and electric keeps, security and detection systems
* Movable-Walls: sound-insulating walls, sound-insulating movable glasswalls
# Bleibtreusee

Bleibtreusee is an artificial lake on the grounds of the former open-pit lignite mine in Rhein-Erft-Kreis, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. At an elevation of its surface area is 74.2 ha. North of Bleibtreusee, there is an electricity pylon, which carried from 1977 to 2010 an observation deck.
* This Rhein-Erft-Kreis location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Bouea

Bouea is an Asian genus of fruiting trees in the family Anacardiaceae. Species can be found in southern China, Indo-China and Malesia.

## Species

Plants of the World Online and the Catalogue of Life list:
* Bouea macrophylla Griff. (Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java)
* Bouea oppositifolia (Roxb.) Meisn. - type species (throughout range)
* Bouea poilanei Evrard (Vietnam only)
# Hymns to the Silence (book)

Hymns to the Silence: Inside the Words and Music of Van Morrison is a book published via Continuum Books in June 2010, written by English academic Peter Mills. The book is the first full-length study of Van Morrison's work which does not claim to be a biography. Mills focusses completely on the music, and also casts light on parts of Morrison's songbook that are usually skipped over in career-overviews and synopses.
He concentrates especially on a number of case studies of key albums, particularly on Veedon Fleece, Into the Music and Common One. The book contains interviews with several artists including Ben Sidran, Kevin Rowland (of Dexys Midnight Runners), Folk singer Kate Rusby and Maria McKee. Like Ben Sidran, Mills is a musician as well as a writer so the book offers insight from inside the music as well as in-depth scrutiny of records and shows. The book covers Morrison's musical debt to America, his 'Irishness', his approach to live work, analyses of studio recordings from Them right through to the present day and a whole chapter devoted to a study of Morrison as a singer and a musician.
# Grissom

Grissom may refer to:
* Grissom, North Carolina, unincorporated community
* Grissom (surname)
** Gus Grissom, one of the original NASA Project Mercury astronauts and pilot of Gemini 3
** Gil Grissom, fictional character in the television series CSI: Crime Scene Investigation

## Astronomical entities

* Grissom (crater), a lunar crater that lies on the far side of the Moon
* Grissom Hill, one of the three Apollo 1 Hills on the planet Mars
* 2161 Grissom, an asteroid

## Institutions

* Grissom Air Museum, an aerospace museum in Peru, Indiana, United States
* Grissom Joint Air Reserve Base, formerly Grissom Air Force Base
* Virgil I. Grissom High School, a high school in Huntsville, Alabama, United States; named in honor of the astronaut

## Fictional characters

* Carl Grissom, a fictional character and an adversary of Batman in the 1989 Batman film; played by Jack Palance
* Cyrus "The Virus" Grissom, a fictional character in film Con Air
* Gil Grissom, a fictional character from the TV series CSI: Crime Scene Investigation

## Other

* Robert Grissom Parkway, a major four-lane connector highway in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, United States
* Island Grissom, one of the four THUMS Islands off Long Beach, California, United States
# 1987 World Judo Championships

The 1987 World Judo Championships were the 15th edition of the World Judo Championships, and were held in Essen, West Germany from November 19–22, 1987.

## Medal overview
### Men

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| -60 kg | Kim Jae-Yup | Shinji Hosokawa | Kevin Asano Patrick Roux |
| -65 kg | Yosuke Yamamoto | Yury Sokolov | Tamas Bujko Janusz Pawłowski |
| -71 kg | Mike Swain | Marc Alexandre | Kerrith Brown Toshihiko Koga |
| -78 kg | Hirotaka Okada | Bashir Varaev | Lee Koai-Hwa Waldemar Legień |
| -86 kg | Fabien Canu | Pak Jong-Chol | Masao Murata Densign White |
| -95 kg | Hitoshi Sugai | Theo Meijer | Ha Hyung-Joo Aurélio Miguel |
| +95 kg | Grigory Verichev | Mohamed Rashwan | Jochen Plate Xu Guoqing |
| Open | Naoya Ogawa | Elvis Gordon | Jorge Fis Castro Henry Stohr |

### Women

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| -48 kg | Li Zhongyun | Fumiko Ezaki | Chou Yu-Ping Jessica Gal |
| -52 kg | Sharon Rendle | Kaori Yamaguchi | Dominique Brun Alessandra Giungi |
| -56 kg | Catherine Arnaud | Suzanne Williams | Ann Hughes Regina Philips |
| -61 kg | Diane Bell | Lynn Roethke | Noriko Mochida Bogusława Olechnowicz |
| -66 kg | Alexandra Schreiber | Brigitte Deydier | Roswitha Hartl Hikari Sasaki |
| -72 kg | Irene de Kok | Ingrid Berghmans | Barbara Claßen Yoko Tanabe |
| +72 kg | Gao Fenglian | Regina Sigmund | Margaret Castro Angelique Seriese |
| Open | Gao Fenglian | Ingrid Berghmans | Karin Kutz Isabelle Paque |

### Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Japan (JPN) | 4 | 3 | 5 | 12 |
| 2 | China (CHN) | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 3 | France (FRA) | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 |
| 4 | Great Britain (GBR) | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| 5 | Soviet Union (URS) | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| 6 | Germany (GER) | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 |
| 7 | Netherlands (NED) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 7 | United States (USA) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 9 | South Korea (KOR) | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 10 | Belgium (BEL) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 11 | Australia (AUS) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 11 | Egypt (EGY) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 11 | North Korea (PRK) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 14 | Poland (POL) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 15 | Austria (AUT) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 15 | Brazil (BRA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 15 | Chinese Taipei (TPE) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 15 | Cuba (CUB) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 15 | East Germany (GDR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 15 | Hungary (HUN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 15 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (21 entries) | Totals (21 entries) | 16 | 16 | 32 | 64 |
# Ashlee Palmer

Ashlee Palmer (born April 7, 1986) is a former American football linebacker. He was signed by the Buffalo Bills as an undrafted free agent in 2009. He played college football at Mississippi.

## College career

On May 26, 2012, Palmer was inducted into the Compton Community College Athletics Hall of Fame, under the category of Football.

## Professional career
### Buffalo Bills

Palmer was signed by the Buffalo Bills as an undrafted free agent following the 2009 NFL draft on May 1, 2009. He was waived on February 16, 2010.

### Detroit Lions

Palmer was claimed off waivers by the Detroit Lions on February 18, 2010.
He was not re-signed by the Lions after the conclusion of the 2014 NFL season.

### New York Giants

Palmer signed with the New York Giants on August 24, 2015. On September 5, 2015, the Giants cut Palmer.

## NFL career statistics

Legend :
| Bold | Career high |

### Regular season

| Year | Team | Games | Games | Tackles | Tackles | Tackles | Tackles | Tackles | Interceptions | Interceptions | Interceptions | Interceptions | Interceptions | Fumbles | Fumbles | Fumbles | Fumbles |
| Year | Team | GP | GS | Cmb | Solo | Ast | Sck | TFL | Int | Yds | TD | Lng | PD | FF | FR | Yds | TD |
| 2009 | BUF | 14 | 2 | 24 | 19 | 5 | 0.0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2010 | DET | 16 | 5 | 55 | 45 | 10 | 1.0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2011 | DET | 16 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2012 | DET | 16 | 2 | 25 | 23 | 2 | 0.0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2013 | DET | 16 | 10 | 33 | 24 | 9 | 0.0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 2014 | DET | 16 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 4 | 1.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | | 94 | 24 | 157 | 127 | 30 | 2.5 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |

### Playoffs

| Year | Team | Games | Games | Tackles | Tackles | Tackles | Tackles | Tackles | Interceptions | Interceptions | Interceptions | Interceptions | Interceptions | Fumbles | Fumbles | Fumbles | Fumbles |
| Year | Team | GP | GS | Cmb | Solo | Ast | Sck | TFL | Int | Yds | TD | Lng | PD | FF | FR | Yds | TD |
| 2011 | DET | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2014 | DET | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
# Pickle soup

Pickle soup is a style of soup prepared with various types of pickled vegetables. Dill pickle soup is a variety of pickle soup prepared with pickled cucumber. Some versions use grated dill pickle in their preparation. Some restaurants in the United States offer the dish to their patrons, such as Polish grocery stores and restaurants in Chicago's south side.

## Varieties

A similar dish is Rassolnik, a sour soup in Russian cuisine prepared with primary ingredients of stock, dill pickle, veal or lamb kidneys, pearl barley and potato. The key part of rassolnik is the pickle brine called rassol in Russian. Additional ingredients may include beef stock, carrot, leek, salt, pepper, and others. It may be served garnished with sour cream.
Zupa ogórkowa is a traditional Polish dill pickle soup prepared with Polish-style brine-cured pickles. Some versions use standard dill pickles or kosher dill pickles rather than the specific Polish variety. Primary ingredients include broth, pickles and potato. The soup's flavor can vary depending on the type of broth that is used, such as vegetable broth or meat broth. Pork bones may be used to prepare a meat-based broth. Additional ingredients can include celery, carrot, garlic, cream, egg yolk, dill, salt and pepper.
# Bryocella

Bryocella (Bry.o.cell’a. Gr. neut. n.; "bryon" - peat L. fem. n.; "cella" - cell N.L. fem. n.; "Bryocella" - peat-associated cell) is a genus of Gram-negative, non-spore forming, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria from the family Acidobacteriaceae within subdivision 1 of the phylum Acidobacteriota. The type species of the genus is Bryocella elongata.
# Elfia (festival)

Elfia, formerly known as the Elf Fantasy Fair is a fantasy-themed cosplay festival held twice a year in the Netherlands.
For the first time, it was organized in 2001 in the historical theme park Archeon. From 2009 Elfia (also known as the Kingdom of Elfia) appears twice a year, in April at Castle de Haar, Haarzuilens and in September at Castle Arcen, Arcen. The Haarzuilens event is the largest fantasy & costume event in Europe and attracts some 27,000 visitors every year. Elfia has been created by Stefan Struik but is now managed by his sister Helena Struik with the support of a group of small companies. Elfia is actually a cross-section of genres: next to fantasy, there are also themes from science fiction, LARP, gothic, manga, cosplay and historical reenactment genres. But most of all it is a costume event with (fantasy and historical) costume parades. Elfia also characterizes herself as a kingdom with a real flag, a border with fantasy customs officers, and royal elections. There are ambassadors appointed in seven different countries.
Previous guests of honour included Terry Pratchett, Robert Jordan, Tarja Turunen, Stanislav Ianevski, Brian Froud, Brian Muir and Christopher Paolini. The German band Faun often headlined the event and the English lecturer Professor Rotherham regularly gives lectures in the castle's chapel.

## Other events

Since the Elf Fantasy Fair proved to be a success there have been other fantasy related events held in The Netherlands such as the Gothic & Fantasy Beurs at De Broodfabriek in Rijswijk (Gothic & Fantasy Exhibition, since 2003, now Fantasy Fest), the Midwinter Fair at the Archeon, Alphen aan den Rijn (since 2003), Castlefest at the Keukenhof, Lisse (since 2005), the Gothic & Fantasy Fair in Arnhem (between 2007 and 2009), Keltfest near Dordrecht (since 2008, now near Amsterdam), the MysticFair in Rotterdam (in 2008 and 2009), Nox Obscura (in 2008), Phantasium in Eindhoven (between 2009 and 2013), Fantastic Amsterdam in Amsterdam (in 2009 and 2010) Fantastyval (between 2009 and 2014). and the Midzomer Fair (Midsummer Fair, between 2010 and 2012)
# Hans Märcy

Hans Märcy is a Swiss bobsledder who competed in the early 1980s. He won a gold medal in the four-man event at the 1983 FIBT World Championships in Lake Placid, New York.
# Bleich

Bleich is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Anet Bleich (born 1951), Dutch journalist
* E. Joseph Bleich (born 1950), Louisiana Supreme Court justice
* Jeff Bleich (born 1961), US Ambassador to Australia from 2009 till 2013
* Jeremy Bleich (born 1987), American-Israeli professional baseball relief pitcher
* J. David Bleich (born 1936), American rabbi and authority on Jewish law and ethics
* Judith Bleich (born 1938), professor of Judaic studies at Touro College in Manhattan
* Yaakov Bleich (born 1964), US-Ukrainian rabbi
# Boss Music

Boss Music may refer to:
* Boss Music (album), an album by rapper Crooked I
* The music that plays during boss (video gaming) battles
* Bossmusic, an independent record label
# Ali Alyami

Ali Alyami is the executive director and founder of the Center for Democracy and Human Rights in Saudi Arabia, based in Washington, DC.

## Biography

Ali Alyami was born and raised in Saudi Arabia. In 1967, he emigrated to the United States on an Aramco scholarship. He received an M.A. from California State University, Los Angeles, and a PhD from the Claremont Graduate University.
He has worked for the Arab Organization for Human Rights in Cairo, Egypt, the Saudi Institute in Washington, DC, and the American Friends Service Committee in San Francisco. In 2004, he founded the Center for Democracy and Human Rights in Saudi Arabia. Dr. Alyami has also delivered expert testimony, before the US Congressional Human Rights Conference, about human rights in his home country Saudi Arabia.
# Asplundia quinindensis

Asplundia quinindensis is a species of plant in the Cyclanthaceae family. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
# Pickle plant

Pickle plant is a common name for several plants and may refer to:
* Delosperma echinatum, a succulent plant native to South Africa
* Kleinia stapeliiformis, a succulent plant native to South Africa
* Oxalis stricta, which has sour-tasting cucumber-shaped seed pods
# Bucephalacra

Bucephalacra is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Olethreutinae of the family Tortricidae.

## Species

* Bucephalacra duplex (Diakonoff, 1981)
* Bucephalacra scoliosema Diakonoff, 1970
# Elizabeth Edwards (disambiguation)

Elizabeth Edwards (1949–2010) was an attorney and author.
Elizabeth Edwards may also refer to:
* Betty Edwards (born 1926), art teacher and author
* Betty Edwards (swimmer) (1911–2009), Canadian Olympic swimmer
* Elizabeth Edwards (historian), professor and researcher in the history of photography
* Elizabeth Edwards (politician) (born 1988), member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives
* Maudie Edwards (Elizabeth Maud Edwards, 1906–1991), actress, comedian and singer
* Elizabeth Todd Edwards (1813–1888), sister of Mary Todd Lincoln
# Hans Möbius

Hans Möbius (2 February 1895, Frankfurt am Main – 28 November 1977, Bad Homburg) was a German classical archaeologist.
He studied at the Universities of Freiburg, Berlin and Marburg, receiving his doctorate at the latter institution in 1916 as a student of Paul Jacobsthal. From 1921 to 1928, he worked as an assistant to Ernst Buschor at the German Archaeological Institute at Athens, afterwards serving as a curator at the Hessiches Landesmuseum in Kassel. In 1943 he became a professor at the University of Würzburg, where he was appointed manager of the Martin von Wagner Museum. From 1946 onward, he worked on Ernst Pfuhl's corpus of eastern Greek funerary sculpture, Die ostgriechischen Grabreliefs.

## Selected works

* Die Ornamente der griechischen Grabstelen klassischer und nachklassischer Zeit, 1929 – Ornaments of the Greek grave stele of classical and post-classical eras.
* Alexandria und Rom, 1964 – Alexandria and Rome.
* Die Reliefs der Portlandvase und das antike Dreifigurenbild, 1965 – The reliefs of the Portland Vase and the ancient three-character image.
* Studia varia. Aufsätze zur Kunst und Kultur der Antike mit Nachträgen, 1967 (edited by Wolfgang Schiering) – Studia varia. Essays on art and culture of antiquity, as amended.
# Bleicher

Bleicher is a German language occupational surname for a bleacher of textiles. Notable people with the surname include:
* Andrea Bleicher (born 1974), Swiss journalist
* Hugo Bleicher (1899–1982), German military person of World War I
* Willi Bleicher (1907–1981), German trade union leader
# Boula, Guinea

Boula is a town and sub-prefecture in the Kankan Prefecture in the Kankan Region of eastern Guinea, near the borders of Mali and Ivory Coast. As of 2014 it had a population of 15,763 people.
# Bálint Kiss

Bálint Kiss (29 December 1802, Szentes – 27 January 1868, Pest) was a Hungarian painter and graphic artist.

## Biography

His father, also named Bálint [hu], was a well-known Presbyterian minister and educator. he attended the public schools in Debrecen and was enrolled at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna in 1827. He returned to Szentes in 1830 and attempted to make a living as a portrait painter.
He didn't receive enough orders, so he became an itinerant painter, eventually settling in Debrecen in 1834, where he painted landscapes and altarpieces in addition to portraits. He also made sketches of the actors at the National Theater which appeared in the journal Honművész (National Artist). His first exhibition was at the Art Association of Pest in 1840. Three years later, he was appointed to be one of the art conservators at the original location of the Hungarian National Museum.
In 1846, he created one of his best-known works, János Jablonczai Pethes Says goodbye to his Daughter at the Window of the Dungeon at Leopoldvár in 1674. Although the critics were not impressed, it proved to be very popular with the public. Presumably, this was a factor in his promotion to Curator of the gallery in 1847. In this position, he helped to organize the museum's first major art exhibition after its relocation.
In 1850, following the Revolution, he was dismissed due to his participation in various reform movements. He continued to work while in his forced retirement, producing a four-volume collection of lithographs in 1853 and a great variety of works on Hungarian history. In 1861, he was reinstated during Archduke Albrecht's Germanization campaign, but never truly attained his former status.
# Grimoult du Plessis

Grimoult du Plessis or of Le Plessis was an 11th-century Norman baron.

## Biography

Grimoult or Grimoald was the lord of the villages of Saint-Jean-le-Blanc, Périgny, and Le Plessis-Grimoult, which took the additional name "Grimoult" from him. The lands of Le Plessis comprised 10,600 hectares and extended across 12 parishes around the castle of Le Plessis-Grimoult.
Grimoult was part of a conspiracy to assassinate William the Conqueror, who at that point was struggling to maintain control of the duchy of Normandy after the death of his father. In 1047 the conspirators arranged for William, then only 19, to be killed at Valognes, but William was warned and the assassination attempt failed. Grimoult and his co-conspirators raised an army of around 25,000 men and fought against William and his backer King Henry I of France at the Battle of Val-ès-Dunes. Because Grimoult held less influence than the other conspirators he was the only one to be imprisoned in the tower of Rouen and then executed by the Duke. Grimoult's lands were confiscated, his castle was destroyed and his barony was given to the Duke's half brother Odo, the Bishop of Bayeux, for the use of the church.
# Ginkgo apodes

Ginkgo apodes is an extinct species of plant in the order Ginkgoales. It is known from fossils found in the Yixian Formation dated to the Tithonian period, from the Late Jurassic, located near Mount Yinwoshan, Yixian region, Liaoning Province, China.
The leaves of G. apodes are similar to those that are known in the rest of the representatives of the genus Ginkgo, with a fan-shaped leaf characterized by finger-like lobes.

## Description

The ovulate organs of G. apodes bear a cluster of up to 6 ovules that grow out from the apex of the peduncle. These fruits can have 1-3 seeds inside of them. G. apodes has been helpful in understanding Ginkgo evolution because it filled the gap between the Jurassic and Paleocene, and is morphologically between Ginkgo yimaensis and Ginkgo biloba.

## Name

The name "Ginkgo" comes from its Japanese name, Gin an and Itsjò, which means "silver apricot". This came from a transliteration made by Engelbert Kaempfer, the first European to see Ginkgo biloba in Japan. The name "apodes" comes from the Greek α- and -ποδ, meaning apod or "without foot", in reference to the very short pedicels in the fruits. (The awkward "–kgo" spelling in "Ginkgo" appears to be an error Kaempfer made in his notes, a more precise romanization would have been "Ginkjo" or "Ginkio").