OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Barclay Township, Cass County, Minnesota

Barclay Township is a township in Cass County, Minnesota, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 516. Barclay Township was named for an early settler.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, Barclay Township covers an area of 15.03 square miles (38.92 square kilometers); of this, 1.06 square miles (2.75 square kilometers) or 7.07 percent is water.
The entire city of Chickamaw Beach and the north quarter of the city of Pine River are located within Barclay Township geographically but are separate entities.

### Adjacent townships

* Ponto Lake Township (north)
* Gail Lake Township, Crow Wing County (east)
* Jenkins Township, Crow Wing County (southeast)
* Wilson Township (south)
* Pine River Township (west and southwest)
* Powers Township (northwest)

### Major highway

* Minnesota State Highway 84

### Lakes

* Ding Pot Lake
* Horseshoe Lake
* Little Sand Lake
* Lizotte Lake
* Lake Hattie (south edge)
* Norway Lake (northeast half)
* Swede Lake

## School districts

* Pine River–Backus

## Political districts

* Minnesota's 8th congressional district
* State House District 04b
* State Senate District 04

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 516 people, 212 households, and 146 families residing in the township. The population density was 36.9 inhabitants per square mile (14.2/km$^2$). There were 285 housing units at an average density of 20.4 per square mile (7.9/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 96.71% White, 0.19% African American, 0.97% Native American, 0.58% Asian, and 1.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.94% of the population.
There were 212 households, out of which 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.0% were married couples living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.1% were non-families. 28.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.00.
In the township the population was spread out, with 25.4% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 27.3% from 45 to 64, and 15.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.2 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $32,039, and the median income for a family was $36,058. Males had a median income of $30,972 versus $17,500 for females. The per capita income for the township was $15,215. About 2.9% of families and 8.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.3% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over.
# AA8

AA-8 or AA8 may refer to:
* Molniya R-60, a Soviet lightweight air-to-air missile whose NATO reporting name is the AA-8 'Aphid'
* Gardiner's designated symbol for the hieroglyph for irrigation tunnels ( )
# FC Stroitel Vitebsk

FC Stroitel Vitebsk was a Belarusian football club based in Vitebsk.

## History

* 1989: founded as Kolos Ustye
* 1993: renamed to Kolos-Stroitel Ustye
* 1993: relocated to Vitebsk and renamed to Stroitel Vitebsk
FC Kolos Ustye was founded in 1989 in Ustye, Vitebsk Voblast, and until 1991 it was playing in Belarusian SSR league. Since 1992 Kolos started playing in Belarusian First League. In 1993 team's name was changed to Kolos-Stroitel, and in the summer of the same year the team was relocated to Vitebsk and renamed to Stroitel Vitebsk. After the end of 1994–95 season Stroitel was disbanded.
# Archery at the 1960 Summer Paralympics – Women's FITA round open

The Women's FITA round open was one of the events held in archery at the 1960 Summer Paralympics in Rome.
There were only three competitors - representing Great Britain and Rhodesia. Rhodesia's Margaret Harriman scored 962 points to win gold with a crushing lead over her two British opponents.
| Athlete | Score |
| Margaret Harriman (RHO) | 962 |
| Kathleen Comley (GBR) | 534 |
| Robin Irvine (GBR) | 494 |
# National Security Service

National Security Service could refer to:
* National Security Service (Armenia)
* National Security Service (Kazakhstan)
* National Security Service (Maldives)
* National Security Service (Somalia)
* National Security Service (Turkey)
* National Security Service (United States)
* National Security Service (Uzbekistan)
# Cocurvature

In mathematics in the branch of differential geometry, the cocurvature of a connection on a manifold is the obstruction to the integrability of the vertical bundle.

## Definition

If M is a manifold and P is a connection on M, that is a vector-valued 1-form on M which is a projection on TM such that P$_a$$^b$P$_b$$^c$ = P$_a$$^c$, then the cocurvature ${\bar {R}}_{P}$ is a vector-valued 2-form on M defined by
    ${\bar {R}}_{P}(X,Y)=(\operatorname {Id} -P)[PX,PY]$
where X and Y are vector fields on M.
# Coat of arms of the Royal Borough of Greenwich

The coat of arms of the Royal Borough of Greenwich is the official heraldic arms of the Royal Borough of Greenwich. Arms were originally granted to this London borough in 1965 but these were replaced in 2012 with a new grant when the borough gained the epithet of "Royal Borough".

## Original arms

Arms were originally granted to the London Borough by letters patent dated 1 October 1965. The hour glass and stars were taken from the arms of the Metropolitan Borough of Greenwich and symbolise the position of the borough as the place from which the standard of time is taken. The three cannon barrels, taken from the arms of the Metropolitan Borough of Woolwich, signify the association of that borough with the Royal Arsenal. These are also the origin of the cannon in the crest of Arsenal F.C.

## 2012 grant

New arms were granted to replace to borough on 3 January 2012, as it was decided the borough was to become a royal borough that year. Originally, the intention was that the borough would receive the royal epithet on 3 January, but this was postponed by one month to 3 February.
Although much of the 1965 design has been retained, the arms have been altered by the addition of a representation of the Thames. The two six-pointed radiated stars from the old arms were replaced by two five-pointed mullets, one hour glass became two and instead of three cannon barrels with a lion's head on each, there is now only one. In addition a crest and supporters were added to the arms: the crest comprises a Tudor Rose and a fouled anchor for royal and maritime connections. The supporters are two Roman gods: Jupiter (in Greek called Zeus, a name also used in the blazon) and Neptune (in Greek called Poseidon, but here the blazon uses the English cognate of the Latin name). According to the homepage of the borough, the supporters wear a mural crown and a naval crown respectively to represent the borough's historic associations with the British Army and Royal Navy; normally, a mural crown is used in heraldry to represent the civil municipal authority of a town or city and is not connected to the military at all. Jupiter is holding an astrolab of a kind constructed by Georg Hartmann, clearly a symbol for the astronomical studies at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, while Neptune is holding his usual attribute of a trident.
The helmet is facing forwards, something which usually is reserved for royal arms. Special dispensation has been given to the royal borough for this use. The same is true for the Tudor rose in the crest, which also is marking the borough's long association with royalty.
The motto, 'We govern by serving', has been retained from the old arms.

## Meaning

The symbols relate to the Royal Observatory, built in 1675 for the advancement of navigation and nautical astronomy.
The ship and anchor on the crest recall the close association with the Royal Navy since the old royal palace was converted to a seamen's hospital, now the Old Royal Naval College.
# Luciosudis

Luciosudis normani, the paperbones, is a species of waryfish found in the ocean depths from 500 to 800 metres (1,600 to 2,600 ft). This species grows to a length of 20.7 centimetres (8.1 in) SL. This species is the only known member of its genus.
# Lucius Wolcott Hitchcock

Lucius Wolcott Hitchcock (December 2, 1868 in Williamsfield Township, Ohio–1942) was an American artist, illustrator and educator, known for his paintings.

## About

Lucius Wolcott Hitchcock was born 1868 in Ohio. He studied at Art Students League of New York and studied at Académie Julian in Paris, with artists Jules Joseph Lefebvre, Benjamin Constant, and Jean Paul Laurens.
Hitchcock worked as an illustrator for Harper's Bazaar magazine, Scribner's Magazine, Woman's Home Companion, among other publications.
In 1894, he moved to Buffalo, New York, where he led the Art Students' League of Buffalo. Hitchcock was known for his figure and portrait painting. A year later in 1895, he married Sarah Hyde McNeil of Akron, Ohio, and together the couple lived in Buffalo. He remained teaching at Art Students' League of Buffalo for a decade.
In 1905, Hitchcock moved to New York City to teach at Chase School of Art (now known as Parson School of Design).
He was a member of the Buffalo Society of Artists, the Society of Illustrators, Salmagundi Club, and the New Rochelle Art Association.
Hitchcock died at age 73 after a long illness, in New Rochelle, New York in 1942.

## Publications

A select list of books published with Hitchcock's illustrations, in descending order by year published.
* Porter, Eleanor H. (1919). Dawn. Lucius Wolcott Hitchcock (illustrator). New York City, NY: Houghton Mifflin company.
* Jordan, Kate (1913). The Creeping Tides: a Romance of an Old Neighborhood. Lucius Wolcott Hitchcock (illustrator). Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Company.
* King, Basil (1910). The Wild Olive: A Novel. Lucius Wolcott Hitchcock (illustrator). New York City, NY: Grosset and Dunlap.
* Twain, Mark (1907). A Horse's Tale. Lucius Wolcott Hitchcock (illustrator). New York City, NY: Harper and Brothers.
* Deland, Margaret (1903). Dr. Lavendar's People. Lucius Wolcott Hitchcock (illustrator). New York City, NY: Harper and Brothers. ISBN 9781404767034.
# Dance Mania (record label)

Dance Mania is a Chicago independent record label originally founded by Jesse Saunders for a one-off release of "What's That" by The Browns in 1985. The label name was picked by Ray Barney one year later, with permission from Duane Buford who wrote the record.
The label released almost three hundred records until it closed in 1999. The label relaunched in 2013, following a recent DJ demand for their 90s records.
The label is regarded as hugely influential in the history of Chicago house music, and has been described as "ghetto house's Motown".
# Dance Me Outside (short story collection)

Dance Me Outside is a collection of short stories written by W. P. Kinsella in 1977.
The book contains stories narrated by Silas Ermineskin and is set on a Cree Indian reserve in Central Alberta and is about what happens in the lives of the people that live on the reserve.

## Film and television adaptions

In 1995, Bruce McDonald directed the film Dance Me Outside starring Ryan Black, Hugh Dillon, and Adam Beach, an adaption of the book by Kinsella. A year later in 1996, the television show The Rez was first aired, which was also an adaption of the book by Kinsella.
# Coal Harbor

Coal Harbor or Coal Harbour or variant, may refer to:
* Coal Harbour (South Georgia)
* Coal Harbour, Vancouver, Lower Mainland, British Columbia, Canada; a neighbourhood
** Vancouver Coal Harbour Seaplane Base (IATA airport code: CXH; ICAO airport code: CYHC) a water aerodrome
* Coal Harbour (Vancouver Island), British Columbia, Canada; a community
** Coal Harbour Water Aerodrome (TC airport code: CAQ3) a water aerodrome
** RCAF Coal Harbour, a defunct Royal Canadian Air Force base, see Coal Harbour (Vancouver Island)
** Coal Harbour Whaling Station, a defunct coaling station and whaling station, see Coal Harbour (Vancouver Island)
# Colaxes benjamini

Colaxes benjamini is a jumping spider species in the genus Colaxes that was first identified in 2013. It lives in South Africa.
# Colle Malamerenda

Colle Malamerenda is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, in the comune of Siena, province of Siena. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 78.
Colle Malamerenda is about 6 km from Siena.
# Lucien Jarraud

Lucien "Frenchie" Jarraud (September 7, 1922 – August 17, 2007) was a Quebec radio host for nearly 50 years. He was best known as being the host that started the open talk radio format in Quebec in the 1950s.
Born in Paris, France, Jarraud fought in 1939 with the French Army World War II in Belgium at the age of 17. He was decorated of the Croix de Guerre after he was captured by troops of Nazi Germany but later narrowly escaped the Germans. Outside of his military service, Jarraud worked for a circus as an acrobat and was also a manager for several French artists. In 1948, he decided to move to Canada. Jarraud was then interested in the media department. He then began to work as a radio host at Montreal station CJMS in 1955 and started the talk radio format which was a major development in Quebec radio media history. With CJMS, he was the host of a morning show during his stint at CJMS. He then moved to CKVL for 15 years before doing stints for CKLM and CHRS. In his final years he could be heard on the new CJMS.
Jarraud made a brief attempt in politics when he was a Progressive Conservative Candidate in the 1974 federal elections in the riding of St. Henri. He finished second behind Liberal candidate Gerard Loiselle as the Liberal Party won a majority government under Pierre Elliott Trudeau.
Jarraud was also known a negotiator and credited for saving several people from committing suicide, particularly people that attempted to jump off Montreal's Jacques-Cartier Bridge which was known as the bridge with the second highest suicidal rate in the world. Jarraud had used his experience at the circus for climbing the superstructure of the bridge to prevent people from jumping into the Saint Lawrence River below. It was Jarraud that influenced other people such as Claude Poirier to become a negotiator and crime reporter in the 1960s and 1970s.
In addition to his career as radio host, he also played in several television shows.
Jarraud died in Paris on August 17, 2007, at the age of 84 just over a month after suffering from respiratory and heart problems.
# Lun Gongren

Lun Gongren (simplified Chinese: 论弓仁; traditional Chinese: 論弓仁, 663–723) was a general of China during the Tang dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou dynasty.
Lun was a Tibetan, his Tibetan name was Gar Mangpoje (Tibetan: མགར་མང་བུ་རྗེ, Wylie: mgar mang po rje). After his father Gar Trinring Tsendro was purged by the young king Tridu Songtsen, he surrendered to China together with his uncle Gar Tsenba. Later, he served as a famous general of China.
# Collingwood Lakeshore Estates

Collingwood Lakeshore Estates is an organized hamlet in the Rural Municipality of McKillop No. 220, Saskatchewan, Canada. It is on the eastern shore of Last Mountain Lake approximately 76 km (47 mi) north of Regina.

## Government

Collingwood Lakeshore Estates has a three-member organized hamlet board that is chaired by Francesca Carteri-Bitz. The board reports to the Rural Municipality of McKillop No. 220 as its administering municipality.
# 2009 Shimadzu All Japan Indoor Tennis Championships

The 2009 Shimadzu All Japan Indoor Tennis Championships was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was part of the 2009 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Kyoto, Japan between 9 and 15 March 2009.
Go Soeda (in singles) and Dieter Kindlmann / Martin Slanar (in doubles) were the defending champions. Soeda lost to Baptiste Dupuy in the first round of singles' competition. Kindlmann chose to not participate this year and Slanar partnered up with Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi and they won in the final.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Nationality | Player | Ranking* | Seeding |
| JPN | Go Soeda | 106 | 1 |
| KOR | Lee Hyung-taik | 113 | 2 |
| AUS | Chris Guccione | 127 | 3 |
| IND | Prakash Amritraj | 193 | 4 |
| GER | Dieter Kindlmann | 210 | 5 |
| GER | Matthias Bachinger | 220 | 6 |
| AUS | Colin Ebelthite | 229 | 7 |
| AUT | Martin Slanar | 245 | 8 |
* Rankings are as of March 2, 2009.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Ričardas Berankis
* Hiroki Moriya
* Gouichi Motomura
* Takao Suzuki
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Baptiste Dupuy
* Eric Nunez
* Tim Smyczek
* Toshihide Matsui

## Champions
### Men's singles

Sergei Bubka def. Takao Suzuki, 7–6(6), 6–4

### Men's doubles

Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi / Martin Slanar def. Michael Kohlmann / Philipp Marx, 6–7(7), 7–6(3), [10–6]
# National Union of Scalemakers

The National Union of Scalemakers was a trade union representing workers involved in making weighing scales in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

## History

In 1909, a strike occurred among scalemakers at Messrs Hodgson and Stead, in Manchester. Following the strike, many employees decided to found a union, the Amalgamated Society of Scale Beam and Weighing Machine Makers. Initially very small, the union expanded steadily, opening branches in Liverpool and Sheffield in 1910, and expanding into Wales in 1911, Scotland in 1912, and Ireland in 1918. That year, membership reached 600, and in 1920 it peaked at 1,000. Wage reductions in the industry and poor organisation led to financial difficulties, which culminated in 1923 with the London branch splitting away.
The London branch claimed to represent the continuation of the union, and it was moderately successful, reaching 150 members by 1927. The remainder of the union struggled to survive, making its general and financial secretary post part-time, and renaming itself as the Society of Scale Beam and Weighing Machinists. It registered as a trade union in 1924 and affiliated to the Trades Union Congress (TUC), but declined to only 150 members.
The TUC was concerned about the conflict between the two unions, and brokered a merger, which took place at the start of 1928, although the union still had a membership of only 282. A ballot saw the union's headquarters move to London, and membership began increasing rapidly. In 1939, it was able to make the general and financial secretary position full-time again, and by 1949 it had a membership of 2,500.
In 1935, the union affiliated with the Scottish Trades Union Congress, with the Irish Trades Union Congress in 1945, and the Confederation of Shipbuilding and Engineering Unions in 1948. In 1938, it began describing itself as an industrial union, representing all workers connected with the scalemaking trade, and the first woman joined the union in 1941.
The union repeatedly considered merging into the Amalgamated Engineering Union, but feared that its members interests would be neglected by the much larger union. In 1993, the union merged into Manufacturing, Science and Finance.

## Leadership
### General and Financial Secretary

    1909: J. Cope
    1915: J. P. Wadsworth
    1924: G. Hatfield
    1928: Harry Bending
    1963: S. W. Parfitt
    1980: A. F. Smith

### President

    1909: Andrew Leslie
    1913: T. Richardson
    1914: D. Donaldson
    1918: Harry Walker
    1920: J. A. Hodson
    1921: J. Maxwell
    1922: J. C. Turnbull
    1925: J. Maxwell
    1926: Andrew Leslie Jr
    1928: Thomas Knight
    1937: Albert Jackson
# National Union of School Students

The National Union of School Students was a short lived British organisation founded in 1972. It campaigned for improvements in school education, for democracy in the systems used to manage schools and the taught curriculum. Major campaigns included opposition to compulsory school uniform, prohibiting any physical punishment, supporting teaching staff in pay and conditions struggles and freeing the Brockwell Three.
The NUSS had a national and district (branch) structure. The SW London Branch was very active from a number of comprehensive schools. The development of tactics and strategy was commonly in unison with North London school, NUSS members.
With a grant from the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, the union published the magazine Blot which featured the early work of the cartoonist Steve Bell.
# Cologne school (music)

In music, the Cologne School is a loosely associated group of composers and performers of the generation that came to prominence in the 1970s, who lived and worked in the city of Cologne, Germany.

## Composers

Most of the Cologne School composers had studied in Cologne during the 1960s with Vinko Globokar, Mauricio Kagel, Karlheinz Stockhausen, or Bernd Alois Zimmermann, at either the Kölner Hochschule für Musik und Tanz, the Rheinische Musikhochschule [de], or at the Kölner Kurse für Neue Musik, organised by Prof. Hugo Wolfram Schmidt at the Rheinische Musikhochschule between 1963 and 1968.
There is some disagreement about how to define the school and who its central figures are. One of the earliest writers on the Cologne School observed that a large proportion are foreigners, and chose to focus on seven non-German composers as representative: Ladislav Kupkovič from Slovakia, Péter Eötvös from Hungary, Bojidar Dimov [de] from Bulgaria, Daniel Chorzempa and John McGuire, both from the United States, Mesías Maiguashca from Ecuador, and Clarence Barlow from India.
Seventeen years later, another writer identifies Barlow and three other composers, Gerald Barry (Ireland), Kevin Volans (South Africa), and Walter Zimmermann (Germany) as the central figures in the first wave of the group, and sees Stockhausen, Kagel, the Hochschule, and the Westdeutscher Rundfunk (through its electronic music studio, new-music concert series, commissioning of new music, and its commitment to innovative programme-making both in TV and radio) as the key agents that produced this group. According to this view, later important arrivals included Chris Newman, Claude Vivier, and John McGuire, but their approaches were in many ways at odds with the aesthetic of the earlier group.

## Performers

One performer particularly associated with the Cologne School is the pianist Herbert Henck [de]

## Organisations

Several institutions founded in Cologne in the late 1960s and 1970s are associated with the Cologne-School composers. These include the Gruppe 8 (Georg Kröll [de], Heinz Martin Lonquich [de], York Höller, Manfred Niehaus [de], Hans Ulrich Humpert [de], Rolf Riehm, Peter Michael Braun [de], and Bojidar Dimov), founded in early 1969 and disbanded in August 1972, Feedback Studio (Johannes Fritsch, David C. Johnson, and Rolf Gehlhaar), founded in 1970, the Beginner-Studio (Walter Zimmermann), founded 1977, and the Oeldorf Group (Péter Eötvös, Mesías Maiguashca, and Joachim Krist, together with the cellist Gaby Schumacher), founded 1972 and active until 1979.

## Related ideas

A related term, Cologne School of Electronic Music, is sometimes applied to the previous generation of composers who worked mainly in the electronic music studio of the Westdeutscher Rundfunk in the 1950s and 1960s, including Karlheinz Stockhausen.
# Cities of the Plain

Cities of the Plain or cities of the plain may refer to:
* The "cities of the plain", a group of five cities that included Sodom and Gomorrah in the Book of Genesis
* Cities of the Plain (novel), a 1998 novel by Cormac McCarthy
* Cities of the Plain, a translated title of Marcel Proust's Sodome et Gomorrhe
# Cologne school

Cologne School may refer to:
* Cologne school of painting, a medieval group of painters
* Cologne school (music), a late-20th-century group of composers and performers
# De Col

De Col (or de Col) is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:
* Alessandro de Col, Italian double scull rower and medalist in team with Michelangelo Bernasconi
* Elettra de Col (born 1987), Italian curler
* Filippo De Col (born 1993), Italian football right defender