OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aicha Duihi

Aicha Duihi is a Moroccan Sahrawi human rights activist who is the president of the Sahara Observatory for Peace, Democracy and Human Rights. Duihi has advocated against the Polisario Front's camps in the Tindouf Province of Southwestern Algeria on the border of Western Sahara, and serves as a spokesperson for those kidnapped and those being held captive in the Polisario camps. She seeks to combat propaganda and misinformation which further marginalise vulnerable women.
In 2019, Duihi earned the European Prize for International Women's Leadership in the European Parliament.

## Activism

As president of the Sahara Observatory, Duihi is responsible for communicating with other NGOs about areas of concern and interest. With the Independent Human Rights Network and Sahara League for Democracy and Human Rights, Duihi issued a statement condemning international silence on the state of Polisario camps in Tindouf and Lahmada, specifically calling out arbitrary trials and the arrests of journalists and other human rights activists.
Duihi has also lobbied the United Nations Security Council to address inequality and discrimination based on sex in regards to the role of women in establishing peace in the region. To this end, she has contributed to the creation of numerous citizens' initiatives and projects targeting the improved well-being of children, as well as initiatives seeking to curb human trafficking.
Duihi has praised the efforts of the Equity and Reconciliation Commission and reforms carried out after the adoption of the 2011 constitutional reforms in Morocco.

### COVID-19 pandemic

In 2020 Duihi created a program called "Afgarich Sahara" (Heroes of the Sahara) which was aimed towards children in the region, giving them the opportunity to share their distance learning and quarantine experiences during COVID-19 as well as contributing to culture, art, and creativity on an online platform to foster a positive atmosphere in households. Her organization, the Sahara Observatory (OSPDH), carried out public education efforts in support of social distancing measures while also monitoring rights and freedoms that could be curtailed by quarantine measures. For instance, the OSPDH organized distance learning sessions for youth leaders on civil advocacy and reporting, and for women's rights defenders in the Middle East and North Africa region, with particular focus on the violence against women during the COVID-19 pandemic.
# Belinga

Belinga is a location in Gabon with as yet unexploited iron ore deposits. These ore deposits extend into neighbouring Cameroon and Congo.

## Mining

The Belinga iron reserves were discovered in 1895. They are estimated to hold about one billion tons of iron ore.
Iron ore mining was expected to start in 2011 but due to a lack of financing the project was currently on hold.
Because of slowness in getting the project started, the Chinese rights may be in 2012 given to BHP.
In 2023, Fortescue Metals Group started exporting 2 million tonnes of ore using road and rail transport to reach the port of Owendo.

## Transport

A 237 km long railway branch line is proposed branching from Booue to enable these deposits to be exploited. As the tonneages hauled will be greatly increased, this line may also extend to a port at Santa Clara which would extend the railway to 560 km.
The town is near the Republic of Congo and Cameroon borders.
# Blei

Blei is a German surname meaning "lead". Notable people with the surname include:
* David Blei, American computer scientist
* Franz Blei (1871–1942), Austrian writer and literary critic
* Norbert Blei (1935–2013), American writer
# Geomysaprinus triangulifer

Geomysaprinus triangulifer is a species of clown beetle in the family Histeridae. It is found in Central America and North America.
# Engineer-in-Chief (Pakistan Army)

'Engineer-in-Chief or E-in-C', is a Colonel Commandant of the Pakistan Army Corps of Engineers, Frontier Works Organisation and the Military Engineering Services of Pakistan. In the Pakistan Army, the Engineer-in-Chief is a chief engineer and topographer of the Army and currently holds the rank of Lieutenant General, advises the Pakistan Army in matters of science, engineering, and technology.
Lt Gen Kashif Nazir is current E-in-C of Pakistan Army Corps of Engineers, Military Engineering Service, and Frontier Works Organisation.
The Engineer-in-Chief commands the Corps of Engineers, Pakistan Army and other military engineering and maintenance corps of the Army. As a senior commander and senior staff officer at the Army General Headquarters (GHQ), the Engineer-in-Chief advises the Army on science and engineering matters and serves as the Army's topographer.
The E-in-C also serves as the proponent for real estate and other science and engineering programs of the Army. As commander of the Pakistan Army Corps of Engineers, the Engineer-in-Chief leads a major Army Engineering command in civil and military infrastructure programs. This office defines policy and guidance and plans direction for the organizations within the Corps.
Equivalency :
| Rank | Lieutenant General (3-Star) |
| NATO Equivalent | OF-8 |
| Uniform Insignia | |

## Rank Structure and Uniform Insignia

Pakistani Officer Ranks :
| Rank | Field Marshal (5-Star) | General (4-Star) | Lieutenant General (3-Star) | Major General (2-Star) | Brigadier General (1-Star) | Colonel | Lieutenant Colonel | Major | Captain | Lieutenant | 2nd Lieutenant |
| NATO Equivalent | OF-10 | OF-9 | OF-8 | OF-7 | OF-6 | OF-5 | OF-4 | OF-3 | OF-2 | OF-1 | OF-1 |
| Uniform Insignia | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pakistani Junior Commissioned Officer (JCO) and Enlisted Ranks :
| Rank | Subedar Major (JCO) | Subedar (JCO) | Naib Subedar (JCO) | Battalion Havildar Major | Battalion Quartermaster Havildar | Company Havildar Major | Company Quartermaster Havildar | Havildar | Naik | Lance Naik | Jawan |
| NATO Equivalent | None | None | None | OR-9 | OR-8 | OR-8 | OR-7 | OR-5/6 | OR-4 | OR-3 | OR-1/2 |
| Uniform Insignia | | | | | | | | | | | No Insignia |

## Notable Engineers-in-Chief

* Lieutenant-General Muhammad Anwar Khan
* Major General Saad Tarique, 1972-1974
* Lieutenant-General Zahid Ali Akbar Khan
* Lieutenant-General Javed Nasir, 1991-1992
* Lieutenant General Ziauddin Butt
* Lieutenant General Shahid Niaz, HI(M)
* Lieutenant General Asif Ali
* Lieutenant General Khalid Asghar
* Lieutenant General Muhammad Afsar
* Major General Muhammad Ajmal Iqbal
* Lieutenant General MOAZZAM EJAZ
* Lieutenant General CH Muhammad AFZAL
# Malta Girl Guides Association

The Malta Girl Guides Association (MGGA) is the national Guiding association of Malta. Guiding in Malta started in 1918 and the association became a member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS) in 1966. The girls-only association has 1,337 members (as of 2003).

## History

Guiding in Malta began in 1918 for British girls as part of The Guide Association (UK). In 1923, Maltese girls formed a separate organization. Both organizations merged in 1938, although there remained some groups of British Guides.
In 1966, two years after the independence of Malta, the MGGA became an associate member of the WAGGGS. The association gained full WAGGGS-membership in 1972, and the last groups of British Guides left the island in 1978.

## Program

The aim of the association is to "enable young girls and young women to develop good character formation and to discover their potential through an interactive programme giving a positive sense of direction and a world of opportunities as responsible citizens".
The association is divided in four age-groups:
* Dolphins (ages 5 to 7)
* Brownies (ages 7 to 10)
* Guides (ages 10 to 14)
* Rangers (ages 14 to 18)
The program is divided into eight areas:
* Environment
* Skills
* Culture and Heritage
* Health
* Creativity
* Local & International Guiding
* Service
* Mind & Spirit
# Artur Azevedo

Artur Nabantino Gonçalves de Azevedo (7 July 1855 – 22 October 1908) was a Brazilian playwright, short story writer, chronicler, journalist and Parnassian poet. He is famous for consolidating in Brazil the "comedy of manners" genre, initiated by Martins Pena.
He founded and occupied the 29th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1897 until his death in 1908.

## Life

Azevedo was born in the city of São Luís, in Maranhão, to the Portuguese vice-consul in Brazil David Gonçalves de Azevedo and Emília Amália Pinto de Magalhães. He was the older brother of Naturalist novelist Aluísio Azevedo, famous for writing O Mulato, O Cortiço and Casa de Pensão.
Azevedo would show a love for theatre since he was a child. Initially working as a salesman, he later got a job at the provincial administration, but was fired for writing satires against the government. He later found a job as an amanuensis in the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture.
Later beginning a promissory career as a journalist, he worked for the newspapers A Estação, where he met Machado de Assis, and Novidades, where he met Alcindo Guanabara, Moreira Sampaio, Olavo Bilac and Coelho Neto.
He died in 1908.

## Works
### Poetry

* Carapuças (1871)
* Sonetos (1876)

### Short story collections

* Contos Possíveis (1889)
* Contos Fora de Moda (1894)
* Contos Efêmeros (1897)
* Contos em Verso (1898)

### Theatre plays

* Amor por Anexins (1872)
* A Filha de Maria Angu (1876)
* Uma Véspera de Reis (1876)
* A Pele do Lobo (1877)
* Joia (1879)
* O Anjo da Vingança (1882 – in partnership with Urbano Duarte de Oliveira)
* O Escravocrata (1884 – in partnership with Urbano Duarte de Oliveira)
* Almanjarra (1888)
* Fritzmack (1889 – in partnership with Aluísio Azevedo)
* A Capital Federal (1897)
* O Badejo (1898)
* Confidências (1898)
* O Jagunço (1898)
* Comeu! (1901)
* O Retrato a Óleo (1902)
* O Dote (1907)
# Agoseris heterophylla

Agoseris heterophylla is a liguliferous species in the family Asteraceae known by the common name annual agoseris or mountain dandelion. It is widespread in mostly drier regions of western North America from British Columbia to Baja California.

## Description

This is an annual herb producing a basal rosette of leaves. The oblanceolate leaves may be toothed, pinnatifid, or entire, and no larger than 15 cm long and 1.5 cm wide. Often there is no stem, or a short, rudimentary stem may develop, although the plant will produce several stem-like peduncles. Each solitary flower head contains one or two rows of sharp-pointed bracts, often with purplish hairs; and a corolla of yellow ray florets, but no disc florets. The fruit is an achene which can be highly variable but typically has a long beak and a terminal pappus of white bristles. Flowers bloom March to September.

### Varieties

* Agoseris heterophylla var. cryptopleura - California
* Agoseris heterophylla var. heterophylla - British Columbia to Baja California (including Guadalupe Island)
* Agoseris heterophylla var. quentinii - Arizona, New Mexico
# Dampleux

Dampleux (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aisne department and Hauts-de-France region of northern France.
# Eric Crawford

Eric Crawford may refer to:
* Eric Crawford (soccer) for Toronto Lynx
* Eric Crawford (Taken)
* Eric Crawford (sports journalist) on WDRB
* Eric Crawford, co-writer of I Can't Hear the Music
* Rick Crawford (politician) (Eric Alan Crawford, born 1966), Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Arkansas
# Bladulf

Bladulf (died c. 630), was a monk and priest of Bobbio Abbey, killed on the orders of the Lombard king Arioald, because Bladulf would not salute him, as being an Arian. It is said that Abbot Attala restored Bladulf to life and delivered Arioald from a diabolical possession, the punishment of his crime; and that this two-fold miracle led to Arioald's conversion.
He is a Catholic and Orthodox saint, with his feast day on January 2.
# Geomyza tripunctata

Geomyza tripunctata is a species of fly in the family Opomyzidae. It is found in the Palearctic.
May to November. A herbicole found in grassland and cereal fields. Common throughout Europe. Norway and Lapland Siberia. Algeria.Tunisia. Found up to 2.300 m.. The larvae tunnel in the stems of grasses and cereal.
# Mixed linear complementarity problem

In mathematical optimization theory, the mixed linear complementarity problem, often abbreviated as MLCP or LMCP, is a generalization of the linear complementarity problem to include free variables.
# Dettighofen

Dettighofen may refer to:
* Dettighofen, Switzerland
* Dettighofen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
# Annales vetustissimi

Annales Vetustissimi (from Latin "most ancient annals"), also known as Forni annalli, Forniannáll, or Forni annill is a medieval Icelandic manuscript. It was written until the 14th century; its content spans the birth of Christ until the year 1318. It is archived as manuscript AM 415 4.º (c. 1310). Annales Vetustissimi contains an entry in 1285 that corresponds to one in Flateyjarannáll which has been interpreted as a clear reference to the Americas.
# Agoseris grandiflora

Agoseris grandiflora is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names California dandelion, bigflower agoseris, and grassland agoseris.
The plant is native to western North America from British Columbia to California to Utah, where it grows in many habitat types.

## Description

Agoseris grandiflora is a perennial herb producing a basal patch of leaves of various shapes reaching maximum lengths of 50 centimeters. There is usually no stem, but there is sometimes a rudimentary one.
The upright part of the plant is actually the peduncle of the inflorescence, which can approach a meter in height. It is coated in soft white hairs.
The flower head at the top is up to 4 centimeters wide and lined with reddish or purplish green phyllaries with curling tips. The head is ligulate, containing many yellow ray florets but no disc florets.
The fruit is an achene which may be nearly 3 centimeters long, including a long beak and long white pappus. It grows in meadows and forest openings.

## Varieties

* Agoseris grandiflora var. grandiflora
* Agoseris grandiflora var. leptophylla
# Fort des Adelphes

The Fort des Adelphes, or Fort Richepance, is part of the fortifications of Épinal. It was built near the village of Deyvillers between 1883 and 1885, and was modernized beginning in 1907. It is an example of a Séré de Rivières system fortification. During World War II the fort surrendered to German forces and was then used by the Germans to fire on neighboring forts Longchamp and Dogneville. The fort is now occupied by an activity of the French Air Force associated with Base aerienne 133 Nancy-Ochey and is not accessible to the public.
Located 3.75 kilometres (2.33 mi) northeast of Épinal, the Fort des Adelphes is part of a 43-kilometre (27 mi) line of sixteen major fortifications around Épinal designed to bar the advance of a German army into France.

## Description

The fort is situated at an altitude of 419 metres (1,375 ft), overlooking the road to Saint-Dié between the Fort de Razimont and the Deyvillers works. The fort is laid out as a walled pentagon, surrounded by a ditch. Construction extended from 1883 to 1885. The fort includes fortified barracks, storage facilities and magazines, and shelters for troops. The initial garrison comprised 235 men, and the construction cost of the original fort amounted to about 1.2 million francs. The principal armament consisted of five 155 mm and three 120 mm guns on the fort's ramparts.
The Fort des Adelphes was almost immediately improved with a concrete covered barracks for 150 men in 1892-1894. Between 1900 and 1906 a number of spiral queues de cochon or pig-tail infantry shelters were constructed around the fort. From 1907 to 1914 the fort was extensively reinforced, including the replacement of the caponiers guarding the ditch with more effective counterscarps, while a second reinforced barracks was added, along with a casemate de Bourges covering the ground in the direction of the ouvrage de Deyvillers.Between 1907 and 1909, armored observation positions and a 75mm gun turret were added. A third observation cupola and a machine gun turret were added in 1909-1910. Finally, the fort was connected to the electrical grid in 1913. The fort's garrison was by this time 400 troops.
Two 155mm gun turrets were planned for a battery located outside the walls of the fort, but work was stopped by the outbreak of war in 1914.

## History

The fort fired its 75mm gun turret at a German airplane during the First World War, but failed to hit the airplane. The fort fired on German troops in June 1940 during the Battle of France, but the fort surrendered to the Germans on 20 June and was then used to fire on its neighbors. The fort was stripped of equipment and armament in 1943.

## Status

The Fort des Adelphes was significantly altered in 1990 to support a French Air Force electronic warfare squadron 48/351. It continues in that role until 2014. From September 2018, it served as a training center for the 1st infantry regiment of Épinal which inaugurated on September 2, 2020 a Commando Initiation Center. The fort is not accessible to the public.
# Ochrana warszawska i jej tajemnice

Ochrana warszawska i jej tajemnice is a Polish historical film. It was released in 1916.
# Epsom Wells

Epsom Wells is a 1672 restoration comedy by the English writer Thomas Shadwell. It was the first in a line of plays set in spa towns. The incidental music was composed by Nicholas Staggins. In the 1690s Henry Purcell scored a new staging of the play. It was performed at the Dorset Garden Theatre by the Duke's Company. The cast included Henry Harris as Rains, Thomas Betterton as Bevil, William Smith as Woodly, Cave Underhill as Justice Clodpate, Anne Gibbs as Lucia, Mary Betterton as Mrs Jilt, James Nokes as Bisket and Edward Angel as Fribble.
It continued to be revived well into the eighteenth century.
# Bladon Springs, Alabama

Bladon Springs is an unincorporated community in Choctaw County, Alabama, United States. The community grew up around and gained its name from the mineral springs that once were operated as a renowned hotel and spa, now within the modern Bladon Springs State Park. The community itself featured many ornate homes and cottages built as summer residences by people from other parts of the state and elsewhere. Much of the community is part of the Bladon Springs Historic District, listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on April 1, 1976.
In 1880 and 1890, Bladon Springs was listed on the U.S. Census as having 573 and 440 persons, making it the then-most populous community in Choctaw County.

## Geography

Bladon Springs is located at 31°43′51″N 88°11′51″W﻿ / ﻿31.73071°N 88.19751°W﻿ / 31.73071; -88.19751 and has an elevation of 95 feet (29 m).

## Notable person

* Frank W. Boykin, U.S. Congressman for Alabama's 1st congressional district from 1935 to 1963

## Gallery

* 1922 fire insurance map of Bladon Springs
# 1973 Temple City Rams football team

The 1973 Temple City Rams football team was an American football team that represented Temple City High School in the 1973 CIF Southern Section 2-A football season.
The Rams won 46 consecutive games from 1969 to 1973, setting the CIF Southern Section record for most consecutive wins. It also tied the California high school football state record originally set by St. Helena High School from 1960 to 1965. The streak was broken in a loss to Saint Francis High School on October 12, 1973, but Temple City still went on to win the Southern Section 2-A football championship for the fourth consecutive season. They beat North (Riverside) 21–13 in the 2-A championship game at Mt. San Antonio College's Hilmer Lodge Stadium.
The team returned 14 varsity lettermen from the 1972 team, and began training camp on August 27, 1973.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| September 21 | San Gabriel | North FieldTemple City, CA | W 35–14 |
| September 28 | Bonita | North FieldTemple City, CA | W 27–20 |
| October 5 | Alhambra | Moor FieldAlhambra, CA | W 35–13 |
| October 12 | Saint Francis | UnknownLa Cañada Flintridge, CA | L 0–10 |
| October 19 | La Cañada | UnknownLa Cañada Flintridge, CA | W 28–0 |
| October 26 | San Marino | UnknownSan Marino, CA | W 27–6 |
| November 3 | Duarte | North FieldTemple City, CA | W 36–14 |
| November 9 | Bell Gardens | North FieldTemple City, CA | W 47–17 |
| November 15 | South Pasadena | North FieldTemple City, CA | W 9–0 |
| November 23 | Baldwin Park | UnknownUnknown (first round) | W 34–0 |
| November 30 | Sonora | UnknownUnknown (Quarterfinals) | W 14–0 |
| December 7 | Rio Mesa | Hilmer Lodge StadiumWalnut, CA (Semifinals) | W 21–6 |
| December 14 | N. Riverside | Hilmer Lodge StadiumWalnut, CA (Finals) | W 21–13 |
Source:

## Postseason honors

Fullback Rick Brown was selected CIF Southern Section 2-A Player of the Year on December 26, 1973, by the Citizens Savings Athletic Foundation. Brown, end Rich Mueller, tackle Ron Blankenbaker, linebacker Jeff Edwards, and defensive lineman Ross Malinowski received first-team CIF Southern Section 2-A Division honors.
# Detti

Detti is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Cesare Agostino Detti (1847–1914), Italian painter
* Gabriele Detti (born 1994), Italian competitive swimmer
# Artur Awejde

Artur Awejde (March 1838 – August 29, 1863) was the Polish commissioner of Augustów Voivodeship during the January Uprising. He studied at the Saint Petersburg State University and was a primary school teacher in Łomża. During the January Uprising he served in the Reklecki troops. He was killed by Cossacks on August 29, 1863.
# Harry Walter Tyler

Harry Walter "H.W." Tyler (April 16, 1863 – February 3, 1938) was an active member of the science and education scholarly communities in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. After receiving his Bachelor of Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1884, he taught and served in various administrative positions at the Institute from 1884 until his retirement in 1930.

## Career

Outside of MIT he was a founding member of both the College Entrance Examination Board in 1901 and the History of Science Society in 1924.
He served as secretary of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) for twenty years, and as leader of the organization from 1930-1933 and again from 1935 to 1936.
After retiring from MIT, he worked in Washington, D.C., at the Library of Congress as Consultant in Science, and later as Honorary Consultant.