OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Athletics at the 2008 Summer Paralympics – Women's 200 metres T11

The Women's 200m T11 had its first round held on September 15, beginning at 11:26 and the A and B Finals were held on September 16 at 17:25.

## Medalists

| Gold | Terezinha Guilhermina Brazil |
| Silver | Wu Chunmiao China |
| Bronze | Jerusa Santos Brazil |

## Results

| Place | Athlete | Round 1 | Final B | Final A |
| 1 | Terezinha Guilhermina (BRA) | 25.16 Q | — | 25.14 |
| 2 | Wu Chunmiao (CHN) | 25.59 Q | — | 25.40 |
| 3 | Jerusa Santos (BRA) | 26.05 Q | — | 26.09 |
| 4 | Tracey Hinton (GBR) | 26.58 Q | — | 26.68 |
| 5 | Paraskevi Kantza (GRE) | 26.61 q | 26.87 | |
| 6 | Irene Suarez (VEN) | 27.06 q | 27.61 | |
| 7 | Elena Frolova (RUS) | 27.59 q | 27.69 | |
| 8 | Adria Santos (BRA) | 27.37 q | 28.15 | |
| 9 | Miroslava Sedlackova (CZE) | 28.47 | | |
| 10 | Gracia Sosa (ARG) | 29.35 | | |
| | Alberlis Torres (VEN) | DSQ | | |
# Daniel Carlsson (swimmer)

Daniel Carlsson (born 14 November 1976) is a former swimmer from Sweden. He won gold medals in 4 × 50 m medley relay at the 1998 and 1999 European Short Course Swimming Championships (making a new world best time the first time) and 4 × 50 m freestyle at 1998. He won also a bronze medal in 50 m backstroke at 1998. He competed in the 2000 Summer Olympics.

## Personal bests
### Long course (50 m)

| Event | Time | Date | Meet | Location | Ref |
| 50 m butterfly | 24.34 | 1 Jun 2000 | Swedish Grand Prix | Jönköping, Sweden | |
| 100 m butterfly | 53.65 | 4 Jun 2000 | Swedish Grand Prix | Jönköping, Sweden | |

### Short course (25 m)

| Event | Time | | Date | Meet | Location |
| 50 m backstroke | 24.53 | (r) | 13 Dec 1998 | European SC Championships | Sheffield, United Kingdom |
| 50 m butterfly | 22.78 | | 2 Mar 2000 | Swedish SC Championships | Stockholm, Sweden |
| 100 m butterfly | 52.49 | | 12 Dec 1999 | European SC Championships | Lisbon, Portugal |

## Clubs

* Botkyrka-Rönninge SS (-1992)
* Väsby SS (1992–2003)
* Malmö KK (2005)
# External

External may refer to:
* Externality, in economics, the cost or benefit that affects a party who did not choose to incur that cost or benefit
* Externals, a fictional group of X-Men antagonists
# Duboki Dol

Duboki Dol (Serbian Cyrillic: Дубоки Дол) is a village in Croatia.

## Population

According to the 2011 census, Duboki Dol was uninhabited.
Population :
| 1857 | 1869 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1921 | 1931 | 1948 | 1953 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 |
| 0 | 0 | 138 | 181 | 237 | 261 | 270 | 279 | 143 | 151 | 124 | 97 | 64 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
Napomena: It is formed as independent settlement in 1880.

### 1991 census

According to the 1991 census, settlement of Duboki Dol had 32 inhabitants, which were ethnically declared as this:
* Duboki Dol
* 1991
* total: 32
* Serbs 32 (100%)

### Austro-hungarian 1910 census

According to the 1910 census, settlement of Duboki Dol had 261 inhabitants in 4 hamlets, which were linguistically and religiously declared as this:
| Population by language | Croatian or Serbian |
| Duboki Dol | 167 |
| Jelovac Gračački | 22 |
| Vučjak Gračački | 24 |
| Turovac | 48 |
| Total | 261 (100%) |
| Population by religion | Eastern Orthodox | Roman Catholics |
| Duboki Dol | 94 | 73 |
| Jelovac Gračački | 1 | 21 |
| Vučjak Gračački | 24 | - |
| Turovac | 41 | 7 |
| Total | 160 (61.30%) | 101 (38.69%) |

## Literature

* Savezni zavod za statistiku i evidenciju FNRJ i SFRJ, popis stanovništva 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981. i 1991. godine.
* Knjiga: "Narodnosni i vjerski sastav stanovništva Hrvatske, 1880–1991: po naseljima, author: Jakov Gelo, izdavač: Državni zavod za statistiku Republike Hrvatske, 1998., ISBN 953-6667-07-X, ISBN 978-953-6667-07-9;
# Ağıl, Kemaliye

Ağıl (also: Ağılköy) is a village in the Kemaliye District of Erzincan Province in Turkey. Its population is 19 (2022).
# Gokuleshwar, Baitadi

Gokuleshwar is a Village Development Committee in Baitadi District in the Mahakali Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,444 and had 601 houses in the town.
# Araqi

Araqi may refer to:
* Araqi (drink), a date-gin brewed in Sudan
* Araqi, Iran, a village in North Khorasan Province
* Fakhr al-Din Iraqi or Fakhr al-Din Araqi (1213–1289), Sufi writer
# Burak Bedikyan

Burak Bedikyan is a jazz pianist and composer.

## Life and career

Bedikyan is "a Turk of Armenian ancestry". Early in his life, he was interested in contemporary classical music. From 1996, he studied with pianist Aydin Esen.
He has released four albums on SteepleChase Records. The first, Circle of Life, was a quartet recording with Chris Potter (sax), Peter Washington (bass) and Bill Stewart (drums) that featured some of his own compositions as well as covers.

## Discography

An asterisk (*) indicates that the year is that of release.

### As leader/co-leader

| Year recorded | Title | Label | Personnel/Notes |
| 2014* | Circle of Life | SteepleChase | Quartet, with Chris Potter (sax), Peter Washington (bass), Bill Stewart (drums) |
| 2015* | Leap of Faith | SteepleChase | Quartet, with Chris Cheek (tenor sax, soprano sax), Ron McClure (bass), Billy Drummond (drums) |
| 2016* | Awakening | SteepleChase | Quartet, with Loren Stillman (alto sax), Ugonna Okegwo (bass), Donald Edwards (drums) |
| 2017 | New Beginning | SteepleChase | Trio, with Jay Anderson (bass), Adam Nussbaum (drums) |

### As sideman

| Year recorded | Leader | Title | Label |
| 2012* | Bora Celiker | Borabook | Equinox |
| 2014* | Ferit Odman | Nommo | Equinox |
# Early to Bed (1936 film)

Early to Bed is a 1936 American comedy film directed by Norman Z. McLeod, written by Arthur Kober, Lucien Littlefield, S. J. Perelman and Chandler Sprague, and starring Mary Boland, Charlie Ruggles, George Barbier, Gail Patrick, Robert McWade and Lucien Littlefield. It was released on June 25, 1936, by Paramount Pictures.

## Plot

Chester Beatty and Tessie Weeks have been engaged for 5 years and going together for 15 years before that. Chester is reluctant to burden Tessie with marriage because of his secret problem. He is a sleepwalker. When Tessie finally does rope Chester into marriage, he cannot get time off from his boss of 26 years, Mr. Frisbee. To solve the problem, Chester sets out to impress his boss by securing a big sales contract of glass eyes. He takes Tessie and follows the rich doll company owner Horace B. Stanton to a lakeside resort and befriends him. However, his sleepwalking make him a prime suspect in a theft/murder case.

## Cast

* Mary Boland as Tessie Weeks
* Charlie Ruggles as Chester Beatty
* George Barbier as Horace Stanton
* Gail Patrick as Grace Stanton
* Robert McWade as Burgess Frisbie
* Lucien Littlefield as Mr. O'Leary
* Colin Tapley as Doctor Vernon
* Helen Flint as Mrs. Duvall
* Rae Daggett as Miss Benson
* Sidney Blackmer as Rex Daniels
* Arthur Hoyt as Smithers
* Billy Gilbert as Burger

## Reception

TV Guide described the film as "silly fun, but Ruggles and Boland make a good team."
# Attarintlo Akka Chellelu

Attarintlo Akka Chellellu is an Indian Telugu language soap opera that aired on Zee Telugu. It starred Chaitra Rai in a dual role with Madhubabu and Akarsh. On 2021, Chaitra Rai's Dharani and Sravani roles was replaced by Bhoomi Shetty and Navya Rao respectively. The series premiered on 25 March 2019 and concluded on 29 May 2021. It was remade in Tamil as Rettai Roja on Zee Tamil.

## Plot

It revolving around twin sisters Sravani and Dharani. Sravani hates Dharani and dreams to be the queen of her world, while Dharani strives to protect her family from evil.

## Cast

* Chaitra Rai (2019–2020) in a dual role as Sravani and Dharani (Twin sisters)
** Bhoomi Shetty replaced Chaitra Rai in the role of Dharani (2021)
** Navya Rao replaced Chaitra Rai in the role of Sravani as face transplantation
* Madhubabu in a dual role as Vikram and Surya Pratap Varma
* Akarsh byramudi as Aditya aka Nani

## Remake

Now, this series concept is in the Tamil language as Rettai Roja, which airing on Zee Tamil. But, the circumstances of death by Sravani in Zee Telugu's "Attarintlo Akka Chellellu" and by Anuradha in "Rettai Roja" were different. In "Attarintlo Akka Chellellu" Sravani meets her end in a car accident, wherein her car flies off a cliff, while in Zee Tamil's "Rettai Roja" Anuradha got murdered by Sreeja and Chinthamani. Sreeja stabbed Anuradha with knife.
# Dandini

Dandini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Cesare Dandini (1596–1657), Italian painter
* Girolamo Dandini (1509–1559), Italian Cardinal
* Girolamo Dandini (1554–1634), Italian Jesuit
* Ottaviano Dandini (?-1750), Italian painter and Jesuit
* Pietro Dandini (1646–1712), Italian painter
* Vincenzo Dandini (1607–1675), Italian painter
# Ashley Hall, Lancashire

Ashley Hall (also known as Ashley House) is a three-storey mansion in the Skippool area of Thornton, Lancashire, England. Set in around 12 acres (4.9 ha) and built in the Roaring Twenties, it was, for many years, the home for several celebrities who were appearing in Blackpool's summer shows. These include Danny La Rue, Joe Longthorne and Dorothy Squires.
Also in its grounds are two two-bedroom cottages (known as "The Housekeepers Cottage" and "The Gardeners Cottage"), a stable block and a Dutch barn. An annexe extension was built around 1980.
Built by T. B. Silcock, the property was owned by hotelier Len Rawcliffe from the 1970s until his death in 2021. It remains in the Rawcliffe family, but in 2022 it was put on the market for £3.75 million. Prior to that, it was owned by Mr and Mrs Percy Hawtin, who permitted the public to tour the grounds.
Ashley Hall stood across Skippool Road from another mansion, Illawalla, which was demolished in 1996.
# Expressway 17 (South Korea)

* Iksan–Pyeongtaek Expressway : Iksan, North Jeolla – Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi
* Pyeongtaek–Paju Expressway : Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi – Paju, Gyeonggi
** Pyeongtaek–Hwaseong Expressway : Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi – Hwaseong, Gyeonggi
** Suwon–Munsan Expressway : Hwaseong, Gyeonggi – Paju, Gyeonggi
# George Glueck

George Glueck (born June 28, 1950) is a music producer and artist manager.
Glueck was born in Oradea, Romania, and grew up in New York City. In 1975, he went to Berlin, working with music publisher Peter Meisel, who in 1964 founded the first German independent label.
Glueck worked with Falco, Trio, the Rainbirds, Die Prinzen, Inga and Annette Humpe and Rio Reiser. He also was CEO of the record label X-Cell Records and Sing Sing Records. The label X-Cell Records, founded by Glueck in 1998, is now part of Universal Music Group, after being a BMG joint venture partner earlier in 2007.
In 2010, he was assigned as one of three judges for the German version of X Factor, alongside Sarah Connor and Till Brönner.
# Ağören, Bayburt

Ağören is a village in the Bayburt District, Bayburt Province, Turkey, and as at 2021, its population was 147.
# Gokulnath

Gokulnath, also known Ambuli Gokulnath, is an Indian choreographer and actor who has appeared in Tamil language films.

## Career

He began his career as a graphic designer, before working as a mime artist and dancer in various reality shows such as Kalakapovadhu Yaaru, Maanada Mayilada and Naalaya Iyakkunar. He subsequently moved on to work in Tamil cinema, playing pivotal roles in films including Ambuli, Aaah and Jumbulingam 3D.

## Filmography

* Note: All films are in Tamil, unless otherwise noted.
| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
| 2010 | Chapter 6 | | Telugu film |
| 2011 | Pathayeram Kodi | Gokul | |
| 2012 | Ambuli | Ambuli | |
| 2014 | Aaaah | Thamizh | |
| 2016 | Jumbulingam 3D | Jumbulingam | |
| 2017 | Magalir Mattum | Balaji | |
| 2019 | Airaa | Francis | |
| 2019 | En Kaadhali Scene Podura | | |
| 2022 | Vikram | Member of Sandhanam's gang Vetti Vagaiyara | |
| 2022 | Captain | Karuna | |
| 2023 | Bommai | Kumar | |
# Fredric Abbott

Fredric William Abbott (16 October 1928 – 10 July 1996) was an Australian stage, film and television actor.
Of Irish descent, Abbott was born a fifth-generation Australian in Newtown, Sydney and was educated at Newtown Boys High School. His career began in the late 1950s at Doris Fitton's Independent Theatre in North Sydney.
His TV appearances include Z-Cars (1962), The Avengers (1963), The Saint (1963-8), Danger Man (1965-6), The Baron (1966), The Prisoner (1967) episode Do Not Forsake Me Oh My Darling, Man in a Suitcase (1968), Department S (1969), The Champions (1969), The Troubleshooters (1971), Special Branch (1974), and The Flying Doctors (1985). His film appearances include Fun and Games (1971), Tower of Evil (1972), Mistress Pamela (1974) and Revenge of the Pink Panther (1978).
He died in 1996 after an 18-month-long battle with cancer.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1961 | The Hellfire Club | Prison Guard | Uncredited |
| 1962 | On the Beat | Minor Role | Uncredited |
| 1965 | The Good Woman of Chester Square | Norman Swithin | 2 episodes |
| 1967 | Camelot | Sir Geoffrey | Uncredited |
| 1967 | The Prisoner | Potter | Episode: "Do Not Forsake Me Oh My Darling" |
| 1971 | Fun and Games | Forbus | |
| 1972 | Tower of Evil | Saul | |
| 1974 | Mistress Pamela | John Andrews | |
| 1978 | Revenge of the Pink Panther | Douvier's Soldier #1 | |
| 1983, 1985, 1988 | A Country Practice | Rex Munro, Noel Kitchener, Ron Marshall | 6 episodes |
| 1985 | The Flying Doctors | Vern Daniels | 3 episodes |
| 1986 | Prisoner | Andrew Hinton | 14 episodes |
| 1991 | Home and Away | Roy Jackson | 3 episodes |
# Buns and Guns

Buns and Guns was a fast-food restaurant in Sfeir, a southern suburb of Beirut, Lebanon in a Hezbollah controlled area. The restaurant's theme was military decor, fake assault rifles, and camouflage netting, as well as recorded gunfire sounds. The dishes were served with names of "rocket-propelled grenade" (chicken on a skewer) and other names like Kalashnikov, Dragunov, Viper, and B52. Their motto was "A sandwich can kill you."
# Ayumi Hamasaki Arena Tour 2005 A

Ayumi Hamasaki's Arena Tour 2005 A: My Story was a nationwide tour of Japan that took place in early 2005 in order to promote her album, My Story and was released on DVD on August 24, 2005. Almost all the tracks on her My Story album were performed during the tour.

## Track listing
### Disc 1 (Live)

* Wonderland/Kaleidoscope (Opening)
* Happy Ending
* Inspire
* Surreal
* Unite!
* Game
* My Name's Women
* About You
* Moments
* Walking Proud
* Carols
* Honey
* Evolution
* Boys & Girls

### Disc 2 (Encore)

* Step You: MC
* Humming 7/4
* Flower Garden
* Replace
* Special Screenies

### Disc 3 (Special Side)

* Humming 7/4 MC
* Off-stage shots collection
* All Speeches (MC) collection
# Danger Zone (1951 film)

Danger Zone is a 1951 American film noir directed by William Berke and starring Hugh Beaumont, Tom Neal and Edward Brophy. A lower-budget second feature, it was distributed by the independent Lippert Pictures.

## Plot

Claire Underwood hires San Francisco private eye Dennis O'Brien to purchase a saxophone case at a yacht party auction, but O'Brien is slugged and the case is stolen by Larry Dunlap. O'Brien snoops around and learns that Claire and Dunlap are rivals in a smuggling racket, and he seizes Claire just as she is about to leave the country with the case and its stolen jewels. He then gets involved with the murder of Vicki Jason's husband and gets slugged again and framed. With the aid of "Professor" Schickler, he proves his innocence when Vicki kills her coconspirator lover Edgar Spadely, another private detective, and Vicki admits her own guilt in the murder of her husband.

## Cast

* Hugh Beaumont as Dennis O'Brien
* Tom Neal as Edgar Spadely
* Edward Brophy as Prof. Frederick Simpson Schicker
* Richard Travis as Police Lt. Bruger
* Pamela Blake as Vicki Jason
* Virginia Dale as Claire Underwood
* Ralph Sanford as Larry Dunlap
* Paula Drew as Sheila Jason
* Jack Reitzen as Cole, the Auctioneer
* Edward Clark as Elderly Man at Auction
* Richard Monahan as Henry, the Bartender
* Don Garner as Bud Becker
* Tiny Jones as Woman at Auction

## Production

The film was originally known as Roaring.
# Arthur Milchhöfer

Arthur Alexander Johann Milchhöfer (21 March 1852 – 7 December 1903) was a German archaeologist born in Schirwindt, East Prussia, Kingdom of Prussia. He specialized in studies of Greek Antiquity, and is remembered for his topographical research of ancient Attica.
He studied in Berlin and at the University of Munich, where he was a student of Heinrich Brunn (1822–1894). Subsequently, he became an assistant to Ernst Curtius (1814–1896) in Berlin, and in 1883 was habilitated for archaeology at the University of Göttingen. Later on, he was an associate professor at the University of Münster, where he was also in charge of the library of classical archaeology. In 1895, he became a professor of archaeology at the University of Kiel.
Milchoefer was the first to suspect a Bronze Age advanced culture on the island of Crete, which had also subjugated the Greek mainland before Troy. After the mythical King Minos from the Theseus saga, he called it the "Minoan culture", a term later adopted and coined by British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans after he began excavating at Knossos in 1900.

## Published works

In his 1883 book "Die Anfänge der Kunst in Griechenland" (The Origins of Art in Greece), he was the first to suggest that Crete was the center of Mycenaean culture. Other noted works on ancient Greece by Milchhöfer include:
* Die Stadtgeschichte von Athen (The history of the city of Athens), (1891); with Ernst Curtius (1814–1896).
* Karten von Attika (Charts of Attica), (1881–1903); with Curtius and Johann August Kaupert (1822–1899).
# FDTL

The abbreviation FDTL can stand for:
* the Democratic Forum for Labour and Liberties (Forum démocratique pour le travail et les libertés), a Tunisian political party
* the Timor Leste Defence Force (Forças de Defesa de Timor Leste), the armed forces of Timor-Leste
* the Fund for the Development of Teaching and Learning, a teaching initiative of the Higher Education Funding Council for England
# Gokulnagar, Bankura

Gokulnagar is a village in the Joypur CD block in the Bishnupur subdivision of the Bankura district in the state of West Bengal, India.

## Geography
### Location

Gokulnagar is located at 23°02′28″N 87°27′42″E﻿ / ﻿23.0412°N 87.4617°E﻿ / 23.0412; 87.4617

### Area overview

The map alongside shows the Bishnupur subdivision of Bankura district. Physiographically, this area has fertile low lying alluvial plains. It is a predominantly rural area with 90.06% of the population living in rural areas and only 8.94% living in the urban areas. It was part of the core area of Mallabhum.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India, Gokulnagar had a total population of 650, of which 346 (53%) were males and 304 (47%) were females. There were 64 persons in the age range of 0–6 years. The total number of literate persons in Gokulnagar was 370 (63.14% of the population over 6 years).

## Transport

There is a station at Gokulnagar on the Sheoraphuli-Bishnupur branch line (partially under construction).

## Education

Gokulnagar R.B. Primary School was established in 1961 and Gokulnagar S. Primary School was established in 1980.
Salda Junior High School was established in 2010. It has facilities for teaching from class V to class VIII.

## Culture

The Gokulchand Temple is one of the earliest pancharatna temples of the Malla kings, built of laterite in 1639. Gokulchand Temple is included in the List of Monuments of National Importance in West Bengal by the Archaeological Survey of India (serial no. N-WB-22). Gandheswar Shiva Temple is a more recent addition.
* Gokulchand Temple
* Gandeshwar Shiva Temple

## Healthcare

Joypur Block Primary Health Centre, with 15 beds at Joypur, is the major government medical facility in the Joypur CD block.
# Approbative

In linguistics, approbatives are words or grammatical forms that denote a positive affect; that is, they express the appreciation or approval of the speaker. Sometimes a term may begin as a pejorative word and eventually be adopted in an approbative sense. In historical linguistics, this phenomenon is known as amelioration. Examples from English include "punk", "nerd", "badass", "sick", and "killer".
# Hsu Feng-pin

Hsu Feng-pin (Chinese: 許峰賓; pinyin: Xǔ Fēngbīn; born 10 October 1981) is a Taiwanese baseball player who currently plays for Uni-President Lions of Chinese Professional Baseball League. Although originally an outfielder, he occasionally played as second baseman for the Lions.
# Ayumi Hamasaki Arena Tour 2015 A: Cirque de Minuit – The Final

Ayumi Hamasaki Arena Tour 2015 A: Cirque de Minuit – The Final is Japanese pop singer Ayumi Hamasaki's 40th DVD/Blu-ray release. It was released on October 28, 2015. The tour started on April 11, 2015, at Saitama Super Arena and initially ended on June 7, 2015, at Yoyogi National Gymnasium. However, four additional dates - promoted as "The Final" - were added and the tour finished on July 5, 2015, at Yokohama Arena.
The DVD peaked at No. 1 on the weekly Oricon DVD Chart, while the Blu-ray reached No. 11.

## Release

The DVD/Blu-ray was released in four formats: a standard 2DVD version, a Blu-ray version, a 2DVD TeamAyu version and a Blu-ray TeamAyu version. The TeamAyu edition includes a T-shirt and the MC collection.

## Track list

Track list taken from Avex.
* "Duty"
* "Pride"
* "Microphone"
* "Lost in Trance"
* "Game"
* "My Name's Women"
* "Until that Day..."
* "1 Love"
* "Warning"
* "Diary"
* "Happy Ending"
* "Secret"
* "Last Minute"
* "Tears"
* "A Song For ××"
* "Out of Control"
* "Waltz"
* "Anything For You"
* "Forgiveness"
* "Progress"
* "A Bell"
* "Rule"
* "Lady Dynamite"
* "Immature"
* "Evolution"
* "Mirrorcle World"
* "Teddy Bear"

### Encore

* "Step by Step"
* "Movin' On Without You"
* "Sunrise (Love Is All)" ~ "Blue Bird" ~ "Independent" ~ "You & Me" ~ "Greatful Days" ~ "Blossom" ~ "July 1st"
* "Boys & Girls"
* "The Show Must Go On"
* "Who..."

### Double Encore

* "My All"
Bonus contents
* Tour Documentary
* MC Collection (Limited TeamAyu Edition only)
For the 2DVD version, the track list is spread over two discs. Disc 2 includes all songs from the encore, starting with Step by Step.

## Charts

| Release | Chart | Peak position |
| October 28, 2015 | Oricon DVD Chart (General) | 1 |
| October 28, 2015 | Oricon Blu-ray Chart (General) | 11 |
# Ordre du Mérite Indochinois

The Ordre du Mérite indochinois (Indochinese Order of Merit) was a regional award of France awarded by the Governor-General of Indochina for the local population of French Indochina.

## History

Established April 30, 1900 by Governor-General of French Indochina Paul Doumer the order was to reward the local population of Indo-China for services to agriculture, commerce, industry and art. This award had no status as an official French colonial award but was a local only award for the population of Laos, Cambodia, Tonkin, Cochin China, and Annam. Governed by an Order Council, it was divided into three classes with limit on the number of members for each class. The 3rd class, was limited to 500 members. The 2nd Class, was limited to 100 members. The 1st class, was limited to 15 members.

## Description

The badge of the order is a ball tipped six-pointed star with concave sides. In the center of the star is a round rimmed medallion. In the center of the medallion is the inscription in Annamese ideographic writing "It is worthy to develop knowledge" (彰美, written from right-to-left). On the rim is the inscription INDOCHINE FRANCAISE (French Indochina). Attached to the ball of the top most arm of the star are two laurel branches, which act as a ring to attach the star to its ribbon. The ribbon of the order is yellow Moire silk. The Order was presented in the 1st degree in gold, 2nd degree silver, and third degree bronze.