OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Basil Hirschowitz

Basil Isaac Hirschowitz (29 May 1925 – 19 January 2013) was an academic gastroenterologist from the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) best known in the field for having invented an improved optical fiber which allowed the creation of a useful flexible endoscope. This invention revolutionized the practice of gastroenterology and also was a key invention in optical fiber communication in multiple industries.
Hirschowitz was born in Bethal, South Africa. He received his medical education at University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg. It was from this institution that he earned M.B. and B.Ch. degrees in 1947. He received Postdoctoral training from University of the Witwatersrand, earning an M.D. degree.
In 1953 he moved to the United States, where he continued his gastrointestinal fellowship at the University of Michigan and joined the faculty between 1954 and 1957. Hirschowitz became a naturalized citizen of the US in 1961.
Among his many awards, Basil Hirschowitz received the Schindler Medal of the ASGE, the Friedenwald Medal of the AGA (1992), the General Motors Cancer Research Awards Kettering Prize (1987), the UAB Distinguished Faculty Lecturer, and Honorary Fellow of the Royal Science of Medicine. The Alabama Healthcare Hall of Fame honors Dr. Basil Hirschowitz for reaching the pinnacle of academic medicine as a teacher, scientist, and clinician. In 2006 he became M.D.h.c (Honorary Doctor of Medicine) at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Groll-Hirschowitz syndrome — a rare genetic condition characterized by gastrointestinal abnormalities, deafness and neuropathy. It is named in honour of B. Hirschowitz and A. Groll, who first described the condition.
Hirschowitz died in Birmingham, Alabama on 19 January 2013.
# André Niederlender

André Niederlender (15 October 1890 – 18 July 1959) was a French archaeologist and prehistorian, who explored prehistorical sites in Lot, France.

## Biography

Niederlender's father was originally from Wiesviller, Moselle, France, and his mother was from Rocamadour; they married in Paris (many Niederlenders came to Paris during the 19th century, all from Moselle, before and after the Franco-Prussian War). After marrying, they moved to Quercy, France. After many trips to Tonkin, Vietnam, Niederlender's father became the owner of the station hotel in Rocamadour.
André Niederlender was born 15 October 1890 in the 6th arrondissement of Paris. He grew up in Rocamadour near the railway station, and came into contact with many travellers. His father hosted and befriended Édouard-Alfred Martel, who studied the Causses de Gramat. Martel befriended Niederlender, sparking Niederlender's interest in the natural sciences, and brought Niederlender with him on trips to the Causses.
In 1906, Niederlender began studying prehistory under Armand Viré [fr]. He later became the owner of the station in Rocamadour and met many prehistorians such as Henri Breuil.
To Niederlender's great disappointment, many sites and dolmens had already been excavated or looted. While excavating sites that remained, he applied rigorous methods, because excavation ultimately destroyed the deposits. He described all of his research, and in 1943, gave any material he had found to the prehistory museum in Cabrerets.
From 1909 to 1913, he excavated the entrance to the Linars cave [fr] in the Alzou valley with Amédée Lemozi [fr]. With Raymond Lacam [fr], he studied
* Mas Viel, in Saint-Simon, Lot
* The Pagès shelter, by the Labeyre bridge in Rocamadour
* The Roucadour sinkhole in Thémines
* The Cuzoul de Gramat, where he found a skeleton nicknamed "the man of Gramat".
In 1920, he studied the Rocamadour Cave of Wonders with Amédée Lemozi.
In 1925, with Édouard-Alfred Martel, he began excavating the Roucadour Cave. He worked with many prehistorians (Bergougnoux, Lacam, Bernard, Jarige, Morin) and sent several notes to Jean Arnal, who published them.
He was mayor of Rocamadour from 1929 to 1943.
Niederlender died 18 July 1959.
# Andøya, Agder

Andøya is an island and neighborhood in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. The neighborhood is part of the district of Voie in the borough of Vågsbygd within the city. The island is connected to the mainland via a short bridge. The island is mostly villas, harbors and has a population around 1,000 (2014).
There are no schools or shops located at the island but there is a lot of businesses and offices at the island. Buses are available to Vågsbygd a few times a day. The postal code for the island begins with 462* and the telephone area code is 38.
# Andévalo

El Andévalo or El Campo de Andévalo is a comarca in Huelva Province, Andalusia, southern Spain. It is located between the Sierra de Huelva, Costa Occidental, Cuenca Minera, Huelva and Condado de Huelva comarcas and the border of Portugal.
The present-day comarca was established in 2003.

## Municipal terms

* Alosno
** Tharsis, Huelva
* Cabezas Rubias
* Calañas
* El Almendro
* El Cerro de Andévalo
* El Granado
* La Zarza-Perrunal
* Paymogo
* Puebla de Guzmán
* San Bartolomé de la Torre
* Sanlúcar de Guadiana
* Santa Bárbara de Casa
* Valverde del Camino
* Villanueva de las Cruces
* Villanueva de los Castillejos
# Ernest Fiene

Ernest Fiene (November 2, 1894 – August 10, 1965) was a 20th-century American graphic artist who primarily worked in New York City and Woodstock, New York. Fiene was known primarily for his varied printed works, including lithographs and etchings. His notable work includes cityscapes, views of New York City in particular, landscapes and other figural art.

## Biography

Ernest Fiene was born in Elberfeld, Germany on November 2, 1894 to Henry and Maria Fiene. He left Germany in 1912. Traveling first to the Netherlands, he continued on to the United States.
From 1914 to 1918 he studied at the National Academy of Design in New York City, and from 1916 to 1918 at the Beaux Arts Institute. In 1923, Fiene continued his study of printmaking at the Art Students League of New York. In 1921 he married Jeannette Etarre. In 1923, he had his first solo show at the Whitney Studio Club. The show was successful, and he secured an art dealer. His work was decidedly modern, depicting modern life and industry through color and shape through precisionism.
From 1928 to 1929 Fiene studied in Paris and traveled in France. In 1932, he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship which allowed him to study mural painting in Italy. His work was sold as lithographs through the Associated American Artists' (AAA) mail-order catalogs for $5 each. Through his association with AAA, Fiene was hired in 1940, along with eight other prominent American artists, to document dramatic scenes and characters during the production of the film The Long Voyage Home, a cinematic adaptation of Eugene O'Neill's plays. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics.
In 1945 he divorced his first wife and married Alicia Wiencek (1918–1961) on August 13, 1945, who was one of his students at the Arts Students League. Fiene re-established his relationship with the Art Students League in 1948, returning to teach classes in painting and drawing there. In 1948, he was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member, and became a full Academician in 1952. In the 1950s he also served on the faculty of the Famous Artists School in Westport, Connecticut.
Fiene died of a heart attack in Paris in 1965.
# Firmin Martin Schmidt

Firmin Martin Schmidt (October 12, 1918 - August 4, 2005) was a Roman Catholic bishop.
Born in Catharine, Kansas, United States, Schmidt was ordained a priest for the Capuchin order on June 2, 1946. On April 3, 1959, he was appointed prefect of Mendi, Papua New Guinea, and then vicar apostolic of Mendi and titular bishop of Conana on June 6, 1965; he was ordained bishop on December 15, 1965. On November 15, 1966, he was appointed first bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mendi retiring on February 3, 1995.
# Cristepilysta

Cristepilysta cristipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Cristepilysta. It was described by Breuning in 1951.
# AlterAg

AlterAg Industries Corporation is a dairy farming industry holding company that also produces beef and utilizes vertical integration. The company's current incarnation can be traced back to 2014 when as Halydean Corporation it was incorporated in Delaware. It is headquartered in Hayward, Wisconsin in the United States, but primarily consists of holdings in subsidiaries. The company, a classic rollup, targets dairy facilities for mergers and acquisitions.
The company's CEO is Ron Braatz. AlterAg is an agricultural land holding company that specializes in dairy and beef production. The company invests in the dairy industry. The following SIC codes may apply to AlterAg: 02410000 Dairy farms, 02120000 Beef cattle (except feedlots), 42120102 Farm to market haulage (local), and 51430000 Wholesale Trade - Nondurable Goods Dairy products, except dried or canned. Subsidiaries include trucking / milk hauling, farm land, dairy operations, heifer replacement breeding, academic research, and beef cow breeding using artificial insemination with sexed semen for F1 hybrid crosses.
# Doc Hammer

Eric "Doc" Hammer (born February 2, 1967) is an American voice actor, musician, writer and artist. He performed in the gothic rock bands Requiem in White from 1985 to 1995 and Mors Syphilitica from 1995 to 2002, both with his then-wife Lisa Hammer. His film credits include a number of Lisa's projects—released through their own production company Blessed Elysium—in which he participated as a writer, actor, composer, designer, and visual effects artist. He also composed the music for the 1997 film A, B, C... Manhattan. He and Christopher McCulloch are the co-creators, writers, and editors of the animated television series The Venture Bros. (2004–2020), in which Hammer voices several recurring characters including Billy Quizboy, Henchman 21, Dr. Mrs. The Monarch, and Dermott Fictel. The show is produced through Hammer and McCulloch's company Astro-Base Go. Hammer is also the guitarist and lead vocalist of the band Weep, which formed in 2008. In 2021, Hammer founded the band Pageant Girls with vocalist Ivy Jaff.

## Early life

Hammer was born in Ledyard, Connecticut. He has stated that his hair naturally grows in both black and blonde, a condition he attributes to "a pigmentation problem or a birthmark or something. But my hair is naturally like this... Kinda. Because my eyebrows are black, I used to dye my whole head that color. Also, I used to enjoy looking like Dracula for some asinine reason." He lives with Ménière's disease, a disorder of the inner ear that can affect hearing and balance. He is a self-taught oil painter.

## Personal life

He adopted the pseudonym "Doc" in the mid-2000s.
In July 2018, Dark Horse Books, a division of Dark Horse Comics, published Go Team Venture!: The Art and Making of The Venture Bros. The book, co-authored by Hammer, Christopher McCulloch, and Kenneth Plume details the entire history of the creation of The Venture Bros. episode by episode from seasons one through six.
At an unspecified point in his adult life Hammer suffered a back injury that left him paraplegic. He regained the use of his legs but was left with a numb section in his back.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1989 | Not Farewell, Sweet Flesh | actor (Rofocale) |
| 1990 | The Wuby Opening | |
| 1990 | Lorenzo et Lorenzo | |
| 1990 | The Emasculator | |
| 1991 | Pussbucket | actor (Corned Beef), composer, props, set designer, special effects |
| 1994 | The Fox and Hound | |
| 1994 | The Changeling | |
| 1997 | A, B, C... Manhattan | composer |
| 1999 | Crawley | writer, actor (Crawley), visual effects |
| 2004 | Period Piece | editing, visual effects |
| 2011 | Pox | actor (Rodney Carmichael) |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2004–2020 | The Venture Bros. | writer (34 episodes), voice actor (Billy Quizboy, Henchman 21, Doctor Girlfriend, Kevin, Ward, Dermott Fictel), editor, music |
# Eureiandra balfourii

Eureiandra balfourii is a species of plant in the family Cucurbitaceae. It is endemic to Socotra in Yemen. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.
# 1289 Kutaïssi

1289 Kutaïssi (prov. designation: 1933 QR) is a stony Koronian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt. Discovered by Grigory Neujmin at Simeiz Observatory in 1933, it was later named after the Georgian city of Kutaisi. The S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 3.6 hours and measures approximately 22 kilometers (14 miles) in diameter.

## Discovery

Kutaïssi was discovered on 19 August 1933, by Soviet astronomer Grigory Neujmin at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. It was independently discovered a few days later by Eugène Delporte at the Belgian Uccle Observatory on 25 August, as well as by Cyril Jackson at the South African Johannesburg Observatory on 11 September 1933. It was first observed as A893 GA at Heidelberg in 1893. The body's observation arc begins with its observation as 1928 QD at Simeiz in 1928, or 5 years prior to its official discovery observation.

## Orbit and classification

Kutaïssi is a stony member of the Koronis family, a group consisting of about 200 known bodies, thought to have been formed at least two billion years ago in a catastrophic collision between two larger bodies. It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.7–3.0 AU once every 4 years and 10 months (1,766 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.06 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic.

## Naming

This minor planet was named after the city of Kutaisi, now the legislative capital of Georgia, and its second largest city, after the capital Tbilisi. The official naming citation was first mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 118).

## Physical characteristics

Kutaïssi is a common stony S-type asteroid in the Tholen classification.

### Rotation period

The first rotational light curve of Kutaïssi was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Richard Binzel in February 1984. It gave a rotation period of 3.60 hours with a brightness variation of 0.40 magnitude (U=3). In 1987 and 2004, a group of American astronomers obtained concurring light curves with a period of 3.624±0.001 and 3.624±0.006 hours and an amplitude of 0.30 and 0.42 magnitude, respectively (U=2/3).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Kutaïssi measures between 19.20 and 25.62 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.1374 and 0.245. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.1216 and a diameter of 25.53 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.87.
# David Weintraub (official)

David Weintraub (1904–1969) was an official of the government of the United States. In the mid-1930s he headed the New Deal Works Project Administration's National Research Project. In the 1940s Weintraub moved to the United States Department of State, becoming head of the Office of Foreign Relief and Rehabilitation Operations. He joined the professional staff of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) and United Nations Division of Economic Stability and Development.
In later years Weintraub was Chairman of the Trinidad and Tobago Industrial Development Corporation.

## Select publications

* David Weintraub and Harold L. Posner. National Research Project on Reemployment Opportunities and Recent Changes in Industrial Techniques. Published 1937.
* David Weintraub and Harold L. Posner. Unemployment and Increasing Productivity. Published 1937.
* David Weintraub. Effects of Current and Prospective Technological Developments Upon Capital Formation. Published 1939.
* David Weintraub, O.E. Kiessling, H.O. Rogers, John W. Finch. Technology Employment and Output Per Man in Petroleum and Natural-Gas Production. Published 1939.
* David Weintraub. Incentives to Foreign Investors in Trinidad and Tobago. Published 1959.
* This American politician–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Mac Wilson

Mac Wilson may refer to:
* Mac Wilson (footballer, born 1914) (1914–2017), Carlton Australian rules footballer
* Mac Wilson (footballer, born 1922) (1922–1966), Melbourne Australian rules footballer
# Daviesia cordata

Daviesia cordata, commonly known as bookleaf, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a slender, erect shrub with scattered egg-shaped phyllodes, and yellow-orange and pinkish-purple flowers.

## Description

Daviesia cordata is a slender, erect, glabrous shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.5–1.2 m (1 ft 8 in – 3 ft 11 in). Its leaves are reduced to scattered, spreading, egg-shaped phyllodes 35–120 mm (1.4–4.7 in) long and 22–55 mm (0.87–2.17 in) wide, with a heart-shaped, stem-clasping base. The flowers are arranged in groups of ten to fifteen in leaf axils on a peduncle 20–70 mm (0.79–2.76 in) long, each flower on a pedicel 4.0–6.5 mm (0.16–0.26 in) long with two circular bracts 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in) wide at the base. The sepals are 6–7 mm (0.24–0.28 in) long and joined at the base, the upper lobes joined for most of their length and the lower three triangular and about 1.5 mm (0.059 in) long. The standard is yellow with orange at the base and tip, circular to elliptic, 10–12 mm (0.39–0.47 in) long and 6–9 mm (0.24–0.35 in) wide. The wings are pinkish-red to purple and 9.5–10.5 mm (0.37–0.41 in) long and the keel pinkish purple and 8–9 mm (0.31–0.35 in) long. Flowering occurs from July to December and the fruit is a flattened, triangular pod 12–16 mm (0.47–0.63 in) long.

## Taxonomy

Davieia cordata was first formally described in 1808 by James Edward Smith in The Cyclopaedia based on specimens collected from King George Sound. The specific epithet (cordata) mean "heart-shaped".

## Distribution and habitat

Bookleaf grows in open forest and mallee-heath and is common from near Perth to Albany in the Avon Wheatbelt, Jarrah Forest, Swan Coastal Plain and Warren biogeographic regions of south-western Western Australia.
# Daviesia cardiophylla

Daviesia cardiophylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is an erect, spreading shrub with heart-shaped, sharply pointed phyllodes and yellow and red flowers.

## Description

Daviesia cardiophylla is an erect shrub with widely spreading branchlets and that typically grows to a height of 0.5–1.5 m (1 ft 8 in – 4 ft 11 in). Its leaves are reduced to heart-shaped, sometimes egg-shaped phyllodes, mostly 6–13 mm (0.24–0.51 in) long and 3–6 mm (0.12–0.24 in) wide with a sharply-pointed tip. The flowers are arranged singly or in pairs in leaf axils, each flower on a pedicel 2–8 mm (0.079–0.315 in) long with egg-shaped bracts about 1 mm (0.039 in) long at the base. The sepals are 3.5–4.5 mm (0.14–0.18 in) long and joined at the base, the upper lobes joined for most of their length. The standard petal is yellow or orange with a red centre, 9–10 mm (0.35–0.39 in) long and about 8 mm (0.31 in) wide, the wings red and 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in) long and the keel pale red and 10–13 mm (0.39–0.51 in) long. Flowering occurs from May to August and the fruit is a pod 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) long.

## Taxonomy and naming

Daviesia cardiophylla was first formally described in 1860 by Ferdinand von Mueller in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae from specimens collected by Augustus Oldfield. The specific epithet (cardiophylla) means "heart-leaved".

## Distribution and habitat

This species of pea grows in woodland in flat or undulating country mainly in the central and southern wheatbelt, in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Geraldton Sandplains, Jarrah Forest and Mallee biogeographic regions of south-western Western Australia.

## Conservation status

Daviesia cardiophylla is classified as "not threatened" by the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
# Davit Gharibyan

Davit Gharibyan (Armenian: Դավիթ Ղարիբյան; born May 29, 1990, in Yerevan, Armenia) is an Armenian model, actor, director, host and publisher in music networks.

## Biography

Davit Gharibyan was born on May 29, 1990, in Yerevan, Armenia. On 2007 he has graduated Khachatur Abovyan's number second school. Next to it he studied at State Engineering University of Armenia, as an engineer. On 2010 he also has graduated from Advances Academy of Yerevan of economical management, as a finances and credit specialist, as well as has graduated Yerevan State Song theatre, as a presenter and announcer of Shows. In 2011 he is doing his Master at Pedagogical University, as a director. Topic of the thesis was: "National Costumes in Mass Theatrical Celebrations."
On the 2013 is taken on as an applicant at the Art Institute of NAS RA on specialty "Fine art, decorative and applied arts, design."

## Career

He was invited as a juri of beauty contests, took part in several films and music video clips and also announced several charitable concerts.
In December 2009 took part in the contest-festival "Best Model of the World XXII ", held in Sofia. In 2011 participated in contest-festival "International Best Male and Female Model World" and "Costa Blanca Fashion Week" representing Armenia and appear in Top 5.
On 2014 he became Mister Fashion Beauty Universal model competition's winner. There were 111 models from all over the world.
In 2016 he was invited to conduct professional training at the Top International Model of the World competition in Romania.
He is currently working at the Armenian Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre A. Spendiaryan as an actor.

## Television

| TV companies | TV series | Year | Country |
| Armenia TV | "The Hard Life" "Դժվար ապրուստ" | 2012 | Yerevan Armenia |
| Armenia 1 TV | "The General's Daughter" "Գեներալի աղջիկը" | 2013 | Yerevan Armenia |

## Modeling Competition-festival

| Contents | Year | Country | Country represented | Title |
| Best Model of the World | 2009 | Bulgaria | Ukraine | Best Model of Ukraine |
| International Best Model World | 2011 | Spain | Armenia | TOP 5 finalists |
| Mister Fashion Beauty Universal | 2014 | Portugal | Armenia | Winner |

## Theatre

| Opera | Part | Year | Country |
| Arshak II | Ambassador | 2013 | Yerevan, Armenia |
| Aida | Guardsman | 2014 | Yerevan, Armenia |
| Aleko | Gypsy | 2014 | Yerevan, Armenia |
| Anoush | Villager | 2014 | Yerevan, Armenia |
| Romeo and Juliet | Guard | 2014 | Yerevan, Armenia |
| La traviata | Waiter | 2014 | Yerevan, Armenia |
| Spartacus | Spartans | 2014 | Yerevan, Armenia |
| Il trovatore | Guardsman | 2014 | Yerevan, Armenia |
| Almast | Warrior | 2014 | Yerevan, Armenia |
| Norma | Guardsman | 2014 | Yerevan, Armenia |
| Carmen | Toreador | 2014 | Yerevan, Armenia |
| Giselle | Cavaler | 2014 | Yerevan, Armenia |
# MPIC

MPIC may refer to:
* Manitoba Public Insurance
* Metro Pacific Investments Corporation
* IBM MultiProcessor Interrupt Controller
* Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
# MacTavish House

The MacTavish House, on Elm St. in Magdalena, New Mexico, was built in 1915. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
It is a two-story woodframe house upon a stone foundation. It reflects Queen Anne style influence, including that it has a turret.
It was built by and/or for J.S. MacTavish (1867-1947), who was born in Scotland, who arrived in Magdalena soon after it was founded, and who was a successful businessman.