OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Merulempista rubriptera

Merulempista rubriptera is a moth of the family Pyralidae. It is known from China (Inner Mongolia).
The wingspan is 23.5-24.5 mm. The head is khaki in males and pale yellowish brown in females. The antenna have a reddish-brown scape dorsally, yellow ventrally. The flagellum is yellowish brown ringed with brown. The thorax and tegula in males are rosy, in females greyish brown tinged with rosy. The forewings are rosy, with scattered greyish-white and black scales in the distal half and a longitudinal greyish-black stripe at the base just below the costa. The posterior margin is yellowish white at the base. The antemedian line is yellowish white and straight, its posterior half is tinged with black on the inside and ocherous yellow on the outside. The postmedian and subterminal lines are greyish white, slightly sinuate and nearly parallel. The cilia is rosy mixed with greyish brown, with a fine yellowish-white basal line. The hindwings are pale brown. The legs are rosy on the outside and yellowish white on the inside.

## Etymology

The specific epithet is derived from the Latin ruber (meaning red) and the suffix pteron (meaning wing) in reference to the colour of the forewing.
# Dicerogastra chersotoides

Dicerogastra chersotoides is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and Oman.
Adults are on wing from September to November in semi-arid areas and from June to July in temperate regions. There are possibly two generations per year.
# FIL World Luge Championships 1981

The FIL World Luge Championships 1981 took place in Hammarstrand, Sweden for the third time. Hammarstrand had hosted the event previously in 1967 and 1975. It also marked the last time the event took place on a natural track until 2000 with events now moving to the FIL World Luge Natural Track Championships which debuted in 1979.

## Men's singles

| Medal | Athlete |
| Gold | Sergey Danilin (URS) |
| Silver | Michael Walter (GDR) |
| Bronze | Ernst Haspinger (ITA) |

## Women's singles

| Medal | Athlete |
| Gold | Melitta Sollmann (GDR) |
| Silver | Cerstin Schmidt (GDR) |
| Bronze | Vera Zozula (URS) |

## Men's doubles

| Medal | Athlete |
| Gold | East Germany (Bernd Hahn, Ulrich Hahn) |
| Silver | East Germany (Bernd Oberhoffner, Jörg-Dieter Ludwig) |
| Bronze | West Germany (Hans Stangassinger, Franz Wembacher) |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | East Germany (GDR) | 2 | 3 | 0 | 5 |
| 2 | Soviet Union (URS) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 3 | West Germany (FRG) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (4 entries) | Totals (4 entries) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
# Day–Stout–Warren algorithm

The Day–Stout–Warren (DSW) algorithm is a method for efficiently balancing binary search trees – that is, decreasing their height to O(log n) nodes, where n is the total number of nodes. Unlike a self-balancing binary search tree, it does not do this incrementally during each operation, but periodically, so that its cost can be amortized over many operations. The algorithm was designed by Quentin F. Stout and Bette Warren in a 1986 CACM paper, based on work done by Colin Day in 1976.
The algorithm requires linear (O(n)) time and is in-place. The original algorithm by Day generates as compact a tree as possible: all levels of the tree are completely full except possibly the bottom-most. It operates in two phases. First, the tree is turned into a linked list by means of an in-order traversal, reusing the pointers in the (threaded) tree's nodes. A series of left-rotations forms the second phase. The Stout–Warren modification generates a complete binary tree, namely one in which the bottom-most level is filled strictly from left to right. This is a useful transformation to perform if it is known that no more inserts will be done. It does not require the tree to be threaded, nor does it require more than constant space to operate. Like the original algorithm, Day–Stout–Warren operates in two phases, the first entirely new, the second a modification of Day's rotation phase.
A 2002 article by Timothy J. Rolfe brought attention back to the DSW algorithm; the naming is from the section title "6.7.1: The DSW Algorithm" in Adam Drozdek's textbook. Rolfe cites two main advantages: "in circumstances in which one generates an entire binary search tree at the beginning of processing, followed by item look-up access for the rest of processing" and "pedagogically within a course on data structures where one progresses from the binary search tree into self-adjusting trees, since it gives a first exposure to doing rotations within a binary search tree."

## Pseudocode

The following is a presentation of the basic DSW algorithm in pseudocode, after the Stout–Warren paper. It consists of a main routine with three subroutines. The main routine is given by
* Allocate a node, the "pseudo-root", and make the tree's actual root the right child of the pseudo-root.
* Call tree-to-vine with the pseudo-root as its argument.
* Call vine-to-tree on the pseudo-root and the size (number of elements) of the tree.
* Make the tree's actual root equal to the pseudo-root's right child.
* Dispose of the pseudo-root.
The subroutines are defined as follows:
# List of shipwrecks in 1882

The list of shipwrecks in 1882 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during 1882.
table of contents :
| ← 1881 1882 1883 → ||||
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr |
| May | Jun | Jul | Aug |
| Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| Unknown date ||||
| References ||||

## Unknown date

List of shipwrecks: Unknown date in 1882 :
| Ship | State | Description |
| Bahama | Flag unknown | The vessel sank. A Trinidad brigantine picked up the only survivor from an icebox; he was in the sea for six days. |
| Boyne | United Kingdom | The barque was driven ashore near False Point, India. All on board survived. She was on a voyage from Suva, Fiji to Calcutta, India. |
| Bulwark | United States | The barque foundered in the Pacific Ocean with the loss of eighteen of her crew. She was on a voyage from Yokohama, Japan to the Puget Sound. |
| Don Guillermo | Flag unknown | The barque sank in the harbour of Vanvan, Tonga during a hurricane, when a 15-foot (4.6 m) storm surge swept over the island. The captain, officers, and six seamen were drowned. Five boys survived. |
| General Miller | United States | The schooner was wrecked in the Shumagin Islands in the Department of Alaska. |
| Gitana | United Kingdom | The steam yacht foundered in Loch Rannoch. |
| H. L. Tiernan | United States | The two-masted cod-fishing schooner was lost in the Shumagin Islands. |
| Malleville | United States | The barque was wrecked with the loss of all hands. She was on a voyage from China to Victoria. |
| Mayumba | United Kingdom | The cargo ship caught fire at "Arzue", Algeria, and was scuttled. She was declared a total loss. |
| Meandre | France | The steamship ran aground near Panomi, Greece between 30 March and 5 April. She was refloated. |
| Nile | United Kingdom | The full-rigged ship was abandoned at sea between 7 January and 14 March. She was on a voyage from London to New York, United States. |
| Pactolus | Canada | The barque was wrecked on the Isla de los Estados, Argentina after 10 January. She was on a voyage from Liverpool, Lancashire, United Kingdom to Valparaíso, Chile. |
| Roslyn | United States | The steam launch sprang a leak and sank 12 nautical miles (22 km) east of Faulkner's Island, Connecticut. The wreck was located in 1915 or 1916. |
| Santa Catharina | Brazilian Navy | While docked for repairs, the Pará-class river monitor sank at her moorings due to the poor condition of her hull. |
| Seafield | United Kingdom | The ship was wrecked at East London, Cape Colony after 15 April. |
# Gabrielnia

Gabrielnia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Końskie, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Końskie and 43 km (27 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.
# Apusiaajik Island

Apusiaajik Island (old spelling: Apusiâjik) is an uninhabited island in the Sermersooq municipality on the southeastern shore of Greenland. It is an outlying island in the Ammassalik archipelago of islands on the coast of the North Atlantic.
Icelandair STOL aircraft approach Kulusuk Airport on the way from Nerlerit Inaat and Reykjavík flying directly over the southern end of the island.

## Geography

Apusiaajik island is separated from the Kulusuk Island in the south by the Ikaasaartik Strait; from the small Akinaaq island and tiny skerries in the southwest by the Torsuut Tunoq sound; from Ammassalik Island in the northwest by the Ammassalik Fjord; from Erqiliqaarteq island in the east and from the Ingiingaleq island in the southeast by the Aqartertuluk sound.
The island is very mountainous, with several distinct peaks and mountain ranges. The highest summit is Qivtaatit in the north, at 855 m (2,805.1 ft). The central part of the island is glaciated, with the active Apusiaajik Glacier flowing towards Torsuut Tunoq sound.
| Apusiaajik glacier | Aerial view |

## Tourism

Polar cruises bound for, or returning from the coastal voyages in the Kangertittivaq fjord and the shores of Northeast Greenland National Park often visit the area on their way from/to Tasiilaq. During summer, the glacier edge is also a popular tourist destination for boat trips from Tasiilaq and Kulusuk, In winter it is possible to cross the frozen sounds on foot or on snowmobile, Several summits on the island attract mountaineers, climbers, and polar adventurers, much as the neighboring Ammassalik island.
# Ararki

Ararki is a village in Hanumangarh district of Rajasthan State, India. Ararki is 9 km away from Nohar Tahsil.
# Appellation d'origine protégée

Appellation d'origine protégée may refer to:
* Protected designation of origin, a geographical indication of the European Union
* Appellation d'origine protégée (Switzerland), a geographical indication in Switzerland
# Appelman

Appelman is a Dutch surname. As appelman was a name for a fruit dealer, the surname could have an occupational origin. People with this name include:
* Bartholomeus Appelman (1628–1686), Dutch painter
* Barry Appelman, American computer programmer
* Ted Appelman (born 1980), Canadian curler
* Zach Appelman (born 1985), American actor
# Hell Squad

Hell Squad may refer to:
* Hell Squad (1958 film), written and directed by Burt Topper
* Hell Squad (1985 film)
* Hell Squad for the Commodore Amiga
# Hell Sweet Hell

Hell Sweet Hell is Fear My Thoughts' fourth album, released in 2005.

## Track listing

* "Intro" – 0:56
* "Windows for the Dead" – 4:46
* "In the Hourglass" – 4:28
* "My Delight" – 4:40
* "Sweetest Hell" – 3:48
* "Dying Eyes" – 3:32
* "Sadist Hour" – 4:14
* "The Masters Call" – 4:14
* "Ghosts of Time" – 4:11
* "Satisfaction Guaranteed" – 4:22
* "Tie Fighting" – 3:53
* "...Trying to Feel" – 6:25

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
While Jason Macneil of Allmusic praised Fear My Thoughts, Macneil said the subject matter behind Hell Sweet Hell at times overshadowed the band's musical performance.
# Apple chip

Apple chips are chips or crisps that are prepared using apples. When stale, apple chips become drier and crispier. Contrary to modern belief, apple chips do not become chewier when stale, only harder. Apple chips may be fried, deep fried, vacuum fried, dehydrated or baked. Apple chips may have a dense and crispy texture or may be puffed, yet still crispy. Microwave vacuum-drying may be used to prepare apple chips with a puffy and crispy texture. They may be seasoned with cinnamon and sweetened with confectioners sugar. Apple chips may be consumed as a snack food, and may be accompanied by various dips and other foods. Apple chips are mass-produced in the United States.

## Use in dishes

Apple chips may be used in sandwiches and as an ingredient in desserts and sweets, such as cookies. They may also be used as a garnish on dishes.

## Manufacturers

Apple chips are mass-produced by some food manufacturers. Companies that produce them include Seneca Foods, Bare Fruit, Buddy Fruits and Tyrrell's Bare Fruit and Buddy Fruits apple chips are prepared using only apples as their sole ingredient.

## Fried

Apple chips can also be made by deep frying a sliced apple in a batter. Usually, the batter will also be topped with cinnamon before or after the frying process. The usual shape of a deep-fried apple chip is a ring. Fried Apple chips can also be made in a pan.
# Arash (Tanzanian ward)

Arash is an administrative ward in the Ngorongoro District of the Arusha Region of Tanzania. According to the 2002 census, Arash has a total population of 8,503.
# Arcadius of Mauretania

Arcadius of Mauretania (died c. 302) is venerated as a saint and martyr. Tradition states that he was a prominent citizen of Caesarea in Mauretania Caesariensis (present-day Cherchell), who hid away in the countryside to avoid being forced to worship the Roman gods. His absence at the public sacrifices being noted, soldiers were dispatched to his house and arrested a relative they found there, despite the man's protests that he did not know where Arcadius was. Hearing of his relative's arrest, Arcadius returned and presented himself before the governor.
His legend states that he suffered a grisly death. His limbs were cut off, joint by joint, until all that remained were his trunk and head. According to his legend, as Arcadius looked around at all the pieces of himself that had been hacked off and were lying on the ground, still being able to speak, he cried out, "You are happy, my members. Now you really belong to God. You have all been sacrificed to Him."
The cultus of Arcadius is established by a sermon preached about him by Zeno of Verona, who also hailed from Mauretania.
# Arcady Boytler

Arcady Sergeevich Boytler Rososky (August 31, 1895 – November 24, 1965) was a Russian-born Mexican film producer, director and screenwriter, most renowned for his films during the golden age of Mexican cinema.
Boytler was born in Moscow, lived on Riga (Elizabetas 12) since 1895 till 1914. Had a Latvian citizenship from 1917 till 1934. During the 1920s, he started filming silent comedies. A collaborator of Sergei Eisenstein, he was called "the Russian Rooster" when he came to Mexico to film La mujer del puerto (1933). In 1937 he filmed ¡Así es mi tierra!, which followed the model of Fernando de Fuentes's classic Allá en el Rancho Grande. However, the film subverted the Mexican Revolutionary genre by making the general into the villain.
Boytler died of heart disease in the Mexican Federal District on November 24, 1965, at the age of 70.

## Filmography
### Cinema of Mexico

* Como yo te quería (1944) producer
* Amor prohibido (1944) director, producer and screenwriter
* Una luz en mi camino (1938) (special appearance)
* El capitán aventurero (Don Gil de Alcalá) (1938) director and screenwriter
* Heads or Tails (1937) director and screenwriter
* ¡Así es mi tierra! (1937) director and screenwriter
* Celos (1935) director, screenwriter, and editor
* El tesoro de Pancho Villa (1935) director, screenwriter, and editor
* Revista musical (1934) director (short subject)
* La mujer del puerto (1933) director and supervising editor
* Joyas de México (Gems of Mexico) (1933) director (series of three short films)
* Mano a mano (1932) director and screenwriter
* Un espectador impertinente (1932) director, actor and screenwriter (short subject)
* ¡Que viva México! (1930–32) extra (during the party scene)

### Cinema of Chile

* El buscador de fortuna (No hay que desanimarse) (1927) director and actor

### Cinema of Germany

* Boytler Tötet Langeweile (Boytler contra el aburrimiento/Pasatiempos de Boytler/Boytler against boredom) (ca. 1922) actor and director
* Boytler gegen Chaplin (Boytler contra Chaplin/Boytler against Chaplin) (ca. 1920) actor and director (short subject)

### Cinema of Russia

* Arkadij Controller Spalnych Vagonov (ca. 1915) actor and director
* Arkadij Zhenitsa (ca. 1915) actor and director
* Arkadij Sportsman (ca. 1915) actor and director
# Applied Econometrics and International Development

Applied Econometrics and International Development is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering econometrics published by the Euro-American Association of Economic Development Studies. The journal was established in 2001. The editor-in-chief is Maria-Carmen Guisan (University of Santiago de Compostela).

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in DIALNET, EconLit, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Latindex, and Scopus.
# Hello Starling

Hello Starling is the third studio album by American singer-songwriter Josh Ritter. It was Ritter's second album release nationally on the label Signature Sounds. It was originally released on September 9, 2003, a two-disc deluxe edition was re-issued on January 17, 2010

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Guardian | |
| Now | |
| Pitchfork | 8.3/10 |
| Uncut | |
As Ritter's previous albums have done, Hello Starling was compared to other Americana greats such as Woody Guthrie, Townes Van Zandt, Bob Dylan, and Leonard Cohen. His voice on the album was described as smooth with sleepy, rough edges. George Graham praised the lyrics and vocal delivery.

## Track listing

All songs written by Josh Ritter.
* "Bright Smile" – 3:01
* "Kathleen" – 4:08
* "You Don't Make It Easy Babe" – 2:32
* "Man Burning" – 2:47
* "Rainslicker" – 4:13
* "Wings" – 4:07
* "California" – 3:10
* "Snow Is Gone" – 4:03
* "Bone of Song" – 5:30
* "Baby That's Not All" – 5:59
* "The Bad Actress" – 3:39

## Credits
### Personnel

* Josh Ritter – voice, guitar, violin
* Zack Hickman – bass, guitar, mandolin
* David Hingerty – drums
* Sam Kassirer – Hammond organ, Wurlitzer, piano, accordion
* David Odlum – guitar, mandolin, vocals
* Darius Zelkha – drums on "California", vocals

### Production

* Mixed by David Odlum
* Mastering by Jonathan Wyner
* Artwork by Ed Braverman

## Deluxe Edition

Hello Starling was reissued on January 17, 2010, as a two-disc Deluxe Edition. The Deluxe Edition includes the complete original studio album and a second bonus disc. The bonus disc contains solo acoustic versions of all the original tracks (re-recorded by Ritter in Nashville of June 2008) as well as four live bonus tracks, an introduction by Dennis Lehane, and a full color lyric and photo booklet with never-before-seen photos.

### Track listing of Deluxe Edition (Bonus CD)

* "Bright Smile (Solo Acoustic)" – 3:14
* "Kathleen (Solo Acoustic)" – 4:10
* "You Don't Make It Easy Babe (Solo Acoustic)" – 2:51
* "Man Burning (Solo Acoustic)" – 2:50
* "Rainslicker (Solo Acoustic)" – 4:09
* "Wings (Solo Acoustic)" – 4:33
* "California (Solo Acoustic)" – 3:20
* "Snow Is Gone (Solo Acoustic)" – 3:40
* "Bone of Song (Solo Acoustic)" – 5:14
* "Baby That's Not All (Solo Acoustic)" – 3:21
* "The Bad Actress (Solo Acoustic)" – 3:19
* "Kathleen (Live)" – 4:35
* "Golden Age of Radio (Live)" – 4:40
* "You Don't Make It Easy Babe (Live)" – 3:38
* "Snow is Gone (Live)" – 4:17
# Aralykh

Aralykh may refer to:
* Verin Kelanlu, Armenia
* Yerazgavors, Armenia
# Arboretum Trompenburg

Arboretum Trompenburg is a botanical garden in Rotterdam, Netherlands, which hosts a large collection of woody as well as herbaceous plants. It occupies an area of 7 ha and is situated 4 m below sea level, so a system of canals is used to drain the land. The history of the garden dates back to the 19th century. Since 1958 it has been open to the public daily for a small fee. Arboretum Trompenburg holds national plant collections of conifers, Quercus, Fagus, Rhododendron, Ligustrum, Rodgersia and Hosta.
# Arame

Arame (荒布, Eisenia bicyclis, syn. Ecklonia bicyclis), sea oak is a species of kelp, of the brown algae, best known for its use in Japanese cuisine.

## Description

Eisenia bicyclis is indigenous to temperate Pacific Ocean waters centered near Japan, although it is deliberately cultured elsewhere, including South Korea. It grows and reproduces seasonally. Two flattened oval fronds rise from a stiff woody stipe which can be up to about 1 metre (3.3 ft) tall. The fronds are shed and new ones formed annually. The plant appears both branched and feathered. It may be harvested by divers manually or mechanically, and the dried form is available year-round.

## Cuisine

It is one of many species of seaweed used in Asian cuisine.
Usually purchased in a dried state, it is reconstituted quickly, taking about five minutes. Arame comes in dark brown strands, has a mild, semi-sweet flavor, and a firm texture. It is added to appetizers, casseroles, muffins, pilafs, soups, toasted dishes, and many other types of food. Its mild flavor makes it adaptable to many uses.

## Chemistry

Arame is high in calcium, iodine, iron, magnesium, and vitamin A as well as being a dietary source of many other minerals. It also is harvested for alginate, fertilizer and iodide. It contains the storage polysaccharide laminarin and the tripeptide eisenin, a peptide with immunological activity.
Lignan content in arame is noted by several sources. It also contains the phlorotannins phlorofucofuroeckol A, dioxinodehydroeckol, fucofuroeckol A, eckol, dieckol, triphloroethol A and 7-phloroethol. Extracts of this algae have been tested to combat MRSA staph infections.
# Arbaoua

Arbaoua is a town in Kénitra Province, Rabat-Salé-Kénitra, in north-western Morocco. According to the 2004 census, it has a population of 2,333.
# Helmut Bicek

Helmut Bicek is a retired U.S. soccer player who spent most of his career with the Los Angeles Soccer Club. He earned five caps, scoring two goals, with the U.S. national team between 1960 and 1965. Bicek earned his first caps and scored his first national team goal in a 3–3 tie with Mexico on November 6, 1960. He played again seven days later, a loss to Mexico. That loss kept the U.S. out of the 1962 FIFA World Cup. Bicek did not play for the national team again until a March 7, 1965 tie with Mexico in which Bicek again scored. His last cap came ten days later in a 1–0 victory over Honduras. Both games in 1965 were qualification games for the 1966 FIFA World Cup.
# Archbishop of Cape Town

Archbishop of Cape Town may refer to:
* Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town.
* Roman Catholic Archbishop of Cape Town.
# Archdeacon of Cloyne

The Archdeacon of Cloyne was a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Cloyne until 1835; and then within the Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross until 1986 when it merged with the Archdeaconry of Cork. As such he was responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the Cloyne Diocese.
The archdeaconry can trace its history from Colman O'Scannlain, the first known incumbent, who was mentioned in the Annals of the Four Masters as having been aircinneach (an Irish word for archdeacon) of Cloyne at some time before his death in 1179. to the last discrete holder Arthur Charles Gill. In between Thomas Wetherhead, Michael Boyle and William Steere went on to be bishops.

## Archdeacons
### High Medieval

* Colman O'Scannlain
* Christian
* M.
* Matguman O'Donchada
* Maurice O'Sullevan
* Luke O'Murray

### Late Medieval

* Roger Braybrook
* William Roche
* John Barry

### Early modern

* Thomas Wetherhead
* Philip Goulde
* Michael Boyle
* Edward Finch
* William Steere
* Philip Bysse
* Hugh Dunsterville
* John Moore
* Dominic Meade
* Southwell Rickard
* John Jephson
* Michael Davies
* James Mockler
* James St. Ledger

### Late modern

* Zachary Cooke-Collis serving from 1810 until his death in 1834.
* William Ryder, serving from 1834 until his death. in 1862
* Robert Evansfrom 1862 until 1873.
* Henry Jellett, serving from 1853 to 1889
* Robert Cooper Wills, serving from 1889 until 1919
* Thomas Abbott
* Samuel Dorman
* Thomas Royse
* Joseph Warner
* Desmond Hutchinson
* Arthur Gill