OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1989 Lion Cup

The 1989 Lion Cup was the seventh edition of the Lion Cup, the premier domestic rugby union knock-out competition in South Africa.

## Teams

All 26 South African provincial teams took part in this competition. They were ranked as follows:
1989 Lion Cup teams :
| Ranking | Team |
| 1 | Western Province |
| 2 | Northern Transvaal |
| 3 | Western Transvaal |
| 4 | Natal |
| 5 | Boland |
| 6 | Far North |
| 7 | Northern Free State |
| 8 | Transvaal |
| 9 | South West Africa |
| 10 | Eastern Transvaal |
| 11 | Eastern Province |
| 12 | Free State |
| 13 | South Western Districts |
| 14 | Lowveld |
| 15 | Vaal Triangle |
| 16 | South Eastern Transvaal |
| 17 | Stellaland |
| 18 | Eastern Free State |
| 19 | Griqualand West |
| 20 | North Eastern Cape |
| 21 | North Western Cape |
| 22 | Northern Natal |
| 23 | Border |
| 24 | Western Province League |
| 25 | Winelands |
| 26 | SARU |

## Competition

This competition was a knock-out competition. The four teams ranked 23 to 26 played each other in the qualifying round with the two winners advancing to round one, where they joined the teams ranked 9 to 22. These sixteen teams played in eight matches, with the winners advancing to round two, where the top 8 ranked teams will join. In Round Two, the sixteen remaining teams would be reduced to eight and would be followed by the quarter-finals, semi-finals and the Final.

## Fixtures and results

The fixtures were as follows:

### Round one

* Bye/s: Boland, Far North, Natal, Northern Free State, Northern Transvaal, Transvaal, Western Province, Western Transvaal
# Droserapites

Droserapites is a genus of extinct plants of somewhat uncertain droseracean affinity. It is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen.
Droserapites pollen grains are united in tetrads (groups of four). Individual grains are inaperturate. The exine is mixed with dense, superposed clavate and baculate processes, whereas the sexine is reticulate.
Pollen of D. clavatus has been found in the Miocene Peliao Sandstone of Taiwan. It generally matches that of extant Drosera in morphology. In his formal description of the genus, Tseng-Chieng Huang suggested that Droserapites may be related to Droseridites and Quadrisperites.
The tetrads of D. clavatus are tetrahedral and 34–40 μm in diameter. Individual grains are subspheroidal and measure 18–25 μm in width. They have a roughly circular amb that is abruptly acute at the distal pole. The exine is 0.5–1 μm thick, with 2–3 μm long clavae or bacula.
# EuroManx

EuroManx was a Manx airline based at Ronaldsway Airport, which operated scheduled domestic passenger services as well as business charters. On 9 May 2008 the airline announced that it was ceasing all operations, citing rising fuel prices and reduced passenger numbers as the reasons.

## History

The airline was established on 7 August 2002 and started operations on 19 August 2002. It is no relation to Manx Airlines which operated for many years prior to purchase by British Airways. It was established by Allan Keen, managing director of Isle of Man-based Woodgate Aviation. Corporate Jet Services and UK investors acquired EuroManx fully in September 2004. EuroManx initially operated with leased equipment including Beechcraft 1900 and ATR 42 aircraft from Rossair Europe and subsequently Fokker 50s from Denim Air. EuroManx introduced its own aircraft leased from various operators during 2005 with two Avro RJ70, two Dornier 328s, a Bombardier Dash 8 Q200 and a Bombardier Dash 8 Q300 aircraft. In June 2005, EuroManx successfully bought the passenger service of Emerald Airways, another low-cost carrier operating services from Liverpool. These services were operated using an ATR leased from Aer Arann. Competition from Manx2 on the Belfast route increased with Manx2 launching a 10 daily service. In October 2005, prior to the arrival of Manx2, EuroManx restructured its operation, shutting down all its scheduled international services except Dublin, and eliminating domestic services to Bristol, Southampton, Glasgow and London Stansted airports. Its RJ70 fleet was announced as retired, however both airframes continued flying until withdrawal in February 2006. At that time, EuroManx restructured again and withdrew from the Dublin route. The Dornier 328 was also withdrawn and operations continued with the remaining two Dash 8 aircraft. Euromanx ceased all operations on 9 May 2008.

## Destinations

EuroManx served the following destinations prior to cessation of services during May 2008:
| City | Country | IATA | ICAO | Airport |
| Belfast | Northern Ireland | BHD | EGAC | Belfast City Airport |
| Ronaldsway | Isle of Man | IOM | EGNS | Isle of Man Airport |
| Liverpool | United Kingdom | LPL | EGGP | Liverpool John Lennon Airport |
| London | United Kingdom | LCY | EGLC | London City Airport |
| Manchester | United Kingdom | MAN | EGCC | Manchester Airport |
| Galway | Republic of Ireland | GWY | EICM | Galway Airport |

## Fleet

The EuroManx fleet consisted of the following aircraft prior to cessation of services:
| Type | Notes |
| Avro RJ70 |
| ATR 72-201 | Both leased from Aer Arann |
| Beechcraft 1900D | |
| Dash 8-Q200 | |
| Dash 8-Q300 | |
# Dazzle Dazzle

"Dazzle Dazzle" (stylized as "DAZZLE DAZZLE") is a song by South Korean girl group Weki Meki. It was released as their first digital single on February 20, 2020, by Fantagio Music and distributed by Kakao M.
It was later included in their third extended play Hide and Seek (2020).

## Composition

"Dazzle Dazzle" is a pop dance song with a mix of hip-hop and moombahton. The addictive bass line and the cheerful, cool brass sound further enhance the dynamic atmosphere of the song. It was written by Danke, STAINBOYS and Anna Timgren, and produced by the later two.

## Background and release

On February 6, 2020, Fantagio Music confirmed that the group will have a comeback with digital single album Dazzle Dazzle on February 20, and confirmed that member Yoojung will join after her hiatus from October 2019. Concept photos were released on February 13 and 14 and a MV teaser on February 16. On February 18, a performance film was uploaded on the group's YouTube channel.
The single was released on February 20, 2020, through several music portals including iTunes and Melon.

## Commercial performance

"Dazzle Dazzle" failed to enter the Gaon Digital Chart, but debuted at number 141 on the componing Download Chart after three days of sales.

## Promotions

Weki Meki began promotions for their comeback on February 20, 2020 on M Countdown.

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Labels |
| Various | February 20, 2020 | Digital download, streaming | Fantagio Music, Kakao M |
# Marie of Brittany

Marie or Mary of Brittany may refer to:
* Marie of Brittany, Countess of Saint-Pol (1268–1339), daughter of John II, Duke of Brittany and Beatrice of England; wife of Guy IV, Count of Saint-Pol
* Marie of Brittany (1302–1371), daughter of Arthur II, Duke of Brittany and Yolande of Dreux; became a nun at Poissy
* Marie of Brittany, Lady of La Guerche (1391–1446), daughter of John IV, Duke of Brittany and Joan of Navarre; wife of Jean I, Duke of Alençon
* Marie of Brittany (1424-1477), daughter of Richard of Brittany and Marguerite d'Orléans; Abbess of Fontevraud Abbey
* Marie of Brittany, Viscountess of Rohan (1444–1506), daughter of Francis I, Duke of Brittany and Isabella of Scotland; wife of John II, Viscount of Rohan
# Eugene Streeter House

The Eugene Streeter House, at 335 Ontario Ave. in Park City, Utah, was built around 1885. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
It is a one-story frame "T/L cottage" with a gable roof, with a porch on the west side of the stem-wing. A rear shed extension was added before 1889.
It was vacant and in deteriorated condition in 1984, with no doors or windows.
# Anodic protection

Anodic protection (AP) otherwise referred to as Anodic Control is a technique to control the corrosion of a metal surface by making it the anode of an electrochemical cell and controlling the electrode potential in a zone where the metal is passive.
Anodic protection is used to protect metals that exhibit passivation in environments whereby the current density in the freely corroding state is significantly higher than the current density in the passive state over a wide range of potentials.
Anodic protection is used for carbon steel storage tanks containing extreme pH environments including concentrated sulfuric acid and 50 percent caustic soda where cathodic protection is not suitable due to very high current requirements.
In anodic protection potentiostat is used to maintain a metal at constant potential with respect to reference electrode. Out of three terminals of the potentiostat one is connected to tank to be protected, another to an auxiliary cathode (platinum) and the third to reference electrode. Thus, a potentiostat maintains a constant potential between tank and reference electrode.
An anodic protection system includes an external power supply connected to auxiliary cathodes and controlled by a feedback signal from one or more reference electrodes. Careful design and control is required when using anodic protection for several reasons, including excessive current when passivation is lost or unstable, leading to possible accelerated corrosion.
# Astele scitula

Astele scitula is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae.
# Heteropleuronema

Heteropleuronema is a monotypic genus of nematodes in the family Diplogastridae. The only species described so far is Heteropleuronema unum. It has been isolated from fungi in Vietnam.
# 1989 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship

The 1989 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 95th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887.
Patrickswell were the defending champions.
On 10 September 1989, Ballybrown won the championship after a 4–10 to 2–09 defeat of Doon in the final. It was their first ever championship title.

## Championship statistics
### Miscellaneous

* Ballybrown win their first senior title.
# Art Gilchrist

Arthur Alexander Gilchrist (29 August 1879 – 27 June 1947) was a soccer player who played for the Melbourne Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Damian Lazarus

Damian Lazarus is a British DJ and electronic music producer. He released his first album Smoke the Monster Out in May 2009, after two years of writing content for it.

## Discography
### Albums

* Smoke the Monster Out, 2009.
* Fabric 54, Fabric, 2010.
* Message from the Other Side (Damian Lazarus & The Ancient Moons), 2015
* Heart of Sky (Damian Lazarus & The Ancient Moons), 2018
* Smoke the Monster Out, 2019
* Flourish, 2020
* Beijing Spring (Music Inspired by The Film), 2022
# Ageratina gracilis

Ageratina gracilis is a plant in the family Asteraceae, native to South America.

## Range

Ageratina gracilis is native to Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela, where it grows in mountains at elevations from 1700 to 4100 meters.

## Ecology

Ageratina gracilis disperses its seeds by wind and is short-term persistent in the soil seed bank.

## Uses

Ageratina gracilis has been investigated for possible anti-cancer properties.
# 1643 in science

The year 1643 in science and technology involved some significant events.

## Exploration

* January 21 – Abel Tasman discovers the Tonga archipelago.
* December 25 – Captain William Mynors of the British East India Company discovers Christmas Island.

## Meteorology

* Evangelista Torricelli invents the mercury barometer.

## Births

* January 4 (NS) – Isaac Newton, English physicist (died 1727)
* Jean de Fontaney, French Jesuit mathematician and astronomer (died 1710)
* Pierre Dionis, French surgeon and anatomist (died 1718)

## Deaths

* April 9 – Benedetto Castelli, Italian mathematician (born 1578)
* November 3
** John Bainbridge, English astronomer (born 1582)
** Paul Guldin, Swiss mathematician and astronomer (born 1577)
* Sophia Brahe, Danish astronomer (born 1556)
* Gasparo Berti, Italian mathematician, astronomer and physicist (born c. 1600)
* Walter Warner, English scientist (born 1563)
# Augusto Zucchi

Augusto Zucchi (born 9 March 1946) is an Italian actor and theatre director. He appeared in more than seventy films since 1970.

## Selected filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2012 | Dracula 3D | |
| 2009 | Don't Look Back | |
| 2007 | The Trial Begins | |
| 2000 | Ask Me If I'm Happy | |
| 1998 | That's Life | Police commissioner |
| 1987 | Devils of Monza | |
# Brazo

The Brazo (/ˈbrɑːsoʊ/) missile was an American project of the 1970s, intended to produce an anti-radiation missile for air-to-air use. Developed by Hughes Aircraft and based on the AIM-7 Sparrow air-to-air missile, the Brazo underwent a series of successful test firings; however, the program was terminated at the end of its test program.

## Design and development

A joint development project between Hughes Aircraft and the United States Navy, the Brazo missile (named as a pun by one of the project's Navy developers, a Hispanic; "Brazo" is Spanish for "Arm", the acronym for an Anti-Radiation Missile) project was initiated in 1972, as a proof-of-concept demonstration of the utility of an air-to-air, anti-radar missile. In 1973, the United States Air Force's Pave Arm project, a program with similar goals, was merged into the Brazo program, with the Air Force assuming responsibility for testing the missile.
The first air-to-air anti-radiation missile developed by the United States, the Brazo utilised the airframe of the existing AIM-7E Sparrow air-to-air missile, fitted with a new, Hughes-built passive radar seeker head developed by the Naval Electronics Center. The seeker was intended to detect and home on enemy radar emissions, such as those on interceptor and AWACS aircraft.

## Operational history

The first test firing of the Brazo missile was conducted in April 1974, with the missile, launched from a USAF F-4D Phantom II, successfully shooting down a BQM-34 Firebee drone; four follow-up tests over the following year continued the missile's successful record, with none of the test shots failing despite difficult test conditions. However, despite the Brazo's success, the follow-on ERASE (Electro-magnetic RAdiation Source Elimination) project was cancelled, and no air-to-air antiradiation missiles would enter service in the West.
# Ed Hoerster

Edward H. Hoerster (born October 12, 1941) was a Canadian football player who played for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, Toronto Argonauts, and Saskatchewan Roughriders. He won the Grey Cup with the Tiger-Cats in 1965. Hoerster retired with his wife Judy, his 4 children, and 8 grandchildren. He played college football at the University of Notre Dame and was selected by the Chicago Bears in the 1963 NFL draft (Round 6, #137). Hoerster now plays golf in his free time.
# August Reifferscheid

Karl Wilhelm August Reifferscheid (3 October 1835 – 10 November 1887) was a German archaeologist and classical philologist.

## Biography

He was born and educated in Bonn. He received a traveling fellowship in archaeology from the University of Bonn, and spent 1861–66 mostly in Italy, part of the time fulfilling a request by the Vienna Academy to do archival research for the Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum. He was professor at Breslau (1868–85), and beginning in 1885, a professor at the University of Strassburg (Kaiser-Wilhelm-Universität).
Reifferscheid died in Strassburg, Alsace-Lorraine.

## Works

His works include:
* Suetoni præter Cæsarum Libros Reliquiæ (1860); the standard edition of these fragments.
* Bibliotheca Patrum Latinorum Italica (2 volumes, 1865–72).
* Arnobii Adversvs nationes libri VII (1875); main author, Arnobius.
* An edition of Anna Comnena's Alexiad (1878).
* A partial edition of Tertullian, Quinti Septimi Florentis Tertulliani (edited by Georg Wissowa, 1890).
# Everton Park, Singapore

Everton Park (Chinese: 艾弗顿园) is a subzone within the planning area of Bukit Merah, Singapore, as defined by the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA). Its boundary is made up of New Bridge Road and Eu Tong Sen Street in the north; Kampong Bahru Road in the west; the Ayer Rajah Expressway (AYE) in the south; and Cantonment Road in the east.
Everton Park also refers to a minor road within the subzone. The subzone took its name from this road.
# Dirinaria frostii

Dirinaria frostii is a species of lichen in the family Caliciaceae. It is commonly found in the southeastern United States and Sonora, Mexico. The species was first described by Tuckerman and later classified by Hale & Culberson.

## Description

Dirinaria frostii has a foliose thallus, which is closely appressed to agglutinated and ranges from 1 to 3 cm in diameter. The lobes are dichotomously pinnately or subpinnately lobate, radiating, and often confluent. The upper surface can be gray, bluish gray, or yellowish gray, sometimes with white patchy pruinosity. Soredia are initially marginal, becoming laminal, and pseudocyphellae are mainly marginal. The medulla is typically white, occasionally with orange spots at lobe tips. The lower surface is black in the center, becoming paler towards the lobe tips. Apothecia are rarely present, and if so, they have brown, 1-septate ascospores. Spot tests reveal that the upper cortex is K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P+ yellow, while the medulla is K-, C-, KC-, P-. Secondary metabolites include atranorin in the upper cortex and divaricatic acid in the medulla, along with a few terpenes in low concentration.

## Distribution and habitat

Dirinaria frostii primarily inhabits rocks, occasionally found on bark, and thrives in shaded areas such as thorn and deciduous forests. Its distribution spans the north- and southeastern United States, including areas from the upper Great Lakes region and southern New England south to the southern Atlantic and Gulf coastal states. In Mexico, it is particularly abundant in Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, and Sonora.

## Conservation

In the United States, Dirinaria frostii holds various statuses across different states. It is designated as NNR (National Natural Heritage Rank) at the national level. In Kentucky, it is classified as S2. Wisconsin assigns it the status of SH (State Historical Rank). In Georgia, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania, it is recognized as SNR (State Natural Heritage Rank). Additionally, the species is assessed as G4 (rounded) as of 2000.
# Eugenio Courret

Eugène Courret (1839 – 1920), known as Eugenio, was a French photographer who was based in Lima, Peru.

## Biography

Courret was born in Angoulême, the son of François Courret and Calixta Chalet. Courret came to Lima in 1860 to work as a cameraman in the photographic studio of Eugène Maunoury. One of his subjects was gay chef Juan Jose Cabezudo. In 1863 founded the "Photo Central" studio with his brother Aquiles. In 1887, he founded a studio with Adolphe Dubreuil, and in the 1890s, he returned to France, where he continued his photographic work.
The Courret studio went bankrupt in 1935, by which time it housed more than 150,000 negatives. Many of the creditors received these glass negatives as part payment in lieu of the money they were owed. Among those who received such payment was the Rengifo family, who kept 54,000 plaques. In 1987 that family gave the negatives to the National Library of Peru to be protected.
# Franklin W. Lutes

Franklin W. Lutes (1840 – April 6, 1915) was a soldier in the Union Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his actions in the American Civil War.
Lutes enlisted in the Army from Geddes, New York in March 1864. Serving with the 111th New York Infantry, he was captured at the Second Battle of Ream's Station, but later paroled and promoted to Corporal. When his regiment disbanded in 1865, he was transferred to the 4th US Artillery Regiment.

## Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: Corporal, Company D, 111th New York Infantry. Place and date: At Petersburg, Va., March 31, 1865. Entered service at: ------. Birth: Oneida County, N.Y. Date of issue: April 3, 1865.
Citation:
   Capture of flag of 41st Alabama Infantry (C.S.A.), together with the color bearer and one of the color guard.
# Brazo Oriental

Brazo Oriental is a barrio (neighbourhood or district) of Montevideo, the capital of Uruguay. Brazo Oriental is a residential zone located approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Montevideo's centre.

## Location and origin of name

Brazo Oriental borders La Figurita and Jacinto Vera to the south, Bolívar to the east, Cerrito de la Victoria to the northeast, Aires Puros to the northwest and Atahualpa to the west. It is delimited by Artigas Boulevard to the south, Burgues Avenue to the west and José Batlle y Ordóñez Boulevard to the north.
It was reported in the press around 1910 that there had been a mortal fight with knives between a "Porteño" (Argentinian) and an "Oriental" (Uruguayan) at the corner of the actual avenues San Martín and Luis Alberto de Herrera. Although the Argentinian was younger and more agile, the fight was won by the Uruguayan thanks to the power of his arm (brazo). For many years following the event this place was called "la esquina del brazo del Oriental" (the corner of the arm of the Oriental), which finally gave its name to the barrio.

## Landmarks

The most important landmarks of the barrio are the Museo de la Casa de Luis Alberto de Herrera, historical leader of the Partido Nacional, the Escuela Superior de Comercio of the Universidad del Trabajo del Uruguay (UTU) the headquarters of the Colón F.C. sports club and the public sports facilities of "Plaza de deportes 12", which include a closed gymnasium, a 25-meter open air swimming pool, two basket courts and a 100m sprinting stripe.

## Places of worship

* Armenian Evangelical Church (Armenian Evangelical)

## Transportation

The bus lines that pass through Brazo Oriental are the following: 76, 185, 186, 526 (Artigas Boulevard); 155, 156, 396, 404, 456 (San Martín avenue); 150, 158 (Burgues avenue); 169, 175, 199, 505 (General Flores avenue); 181, 182, 183, 306 (Luis Alberto de Herrera avenue); 2, 173 (José Batlle y Ordóñez Boulevard).
# Dudaklı, Kestel

Dudaklı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kestel, Bursa Province in Turkey. Its population is 366 (2022).
# Everton Park

Everton Park may refer to:
* Everton Park, Queensland, Australia – a suburb of Brisbane
* Everton Park, Liverpool, England – a park
* Everton Park, Singapore, Singapore – a subzone of Bukit Merah
* Everton Stadium, future home ground of Everton Football Club
* Goodison Park, current home ground of Everton Football Club