OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Edwin T. Mertz

Edwin Theodore Mertz (December 6, 1909 – February 1, 1999) was an American chemist and biochemist.
Mertz was noted for co-discovery of high-lysine corn which significantly increased protein levels in corn and beans.

## Life and career

* 1909 born in Missoula, Montana
* 1931 B.A with a double major in chemistry and mathematics from the University of Montana
* 1933 M.S. from the University of Illinois, Urbana
* 1935 Ph.D. from the University of Illinois
* 1935-1937 a research biochemist at Armour and Company in Chicago
* 1937-1938 an instructor in biochemistry at the University of Illinois
* 1937 married Mary Ellen Ruskamp
* 1938-1940 a research associate in pathology at the University of Iowa's medical school
* 1940-1943 an instructor in agricultural chemistry at the University of Missouri
* 1943-1946 a research chemist in an explosives manufacturing factory at Hercules Powder Company
* 1946-1950 an assistant professor of agricultural chemistry at Purdue University
* 1950-1957 an associate professor of biochemistry at Purdue University
* 1957 a professor of biochemistry at Purdue University
* professor emeritus at Purdue University until his death in 1999
* 1975 elected to the National Academy of Sciences
* 1999 death from complications of pneumonia

## Honors and awards

Mertz was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a recipient of the following awards and distinctions:
* 1987 Richard Newbury McCoy Award from Purdue University
* 1967 John Scott Award in from the City of Philadelphia
* 1968 Hoblitzelle National Award in the Agricultural Sciences (Texas)
* 1968 Congressional Medal of the Federal Land Banks in for the discovery of high-lysine corn
* 1970 Kenneth A Spencer award from the American Chemical Society
* 1972 Osborne-Mendell Award from the American Institute of Nutrition
* 1973 Distinguished Service Award from the University of Montana
* 1974 Edward W. Browning Award in for "outstanding contributions to mankind in the improvement of the food supply"
* 1975 Honorary Master Farmer Award of the Prairie Farmer Magazine "for leadership and distinguished service to American Agriculture"
* 1975 Elected to the National Academy of Sciences
* 1976 Chemical Pioneer Award from the American Institute of Chemists
Purdue University has established the Edwin T. Mertz Memorial Scholarship in his name.
# Bruce A. Carbonari

Bruce A. Carbonari is an American corporate businessman. He was born in 1956 and hold a BA (Finance and Accounting) from Boston College, and a Master's in Management Science from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. He lives in Chicago with his wife.

## Career

Carbonari began his career at PricewaterhouseCoopers then moved to Stanadyne in 1981. Cabonari began working for Fortune Brands in 1990. Fortune (then called MasterBrands, later American Brands) purchased Moen and Carbonari took control. He held various other positions within Fortune Brands, including president and chief operating officer, as well as chairman and chief executive officer of Fortune Brands Home & Hardware LLC. He was the chairman of the board and chief executive officer of the Fortune Brands holding company from October 2008 to 2012 when he retired. During his chairmanship at Fortune Brands, the company revenue doubled to over $4.5 billion. The holding company's divisions included tobacco, insurance and hardware. Also sporting goods and liquor which were sold during his time in charge. In March 2012, Fortune Brands Inc. split its remaining businesses and CEO Bruce Carbonari doubled his compensation from $11.2 million to $23.3 million, including a salary of $1.2 million.
He joined the board of directors of RPM International, Inc. in 2002 and continues in that position. He became an Executive Advisor Partner with Wind Point Partners a private equity firm
# Margaret of Jülich

Margaret of Jülich (c. 1350 – 10 October 1425) was a daughter of Duke Gerhard VI of Jülich and his wife, Margaret of Ravensberg (1315–1389).
In 1369, she married Adolf III of the Marck. She had sixteen children with him, at least five of whom did not survive infancy.
* Mynta (b. c. 1369)
* Joanna (b. c. 1370), abbess of Hörde
* Adolph (1373–1448), succeeded his father in Cleves and later also in the Marck.
* Dietrich (1374–1398), succeeded his father in the Marck.
* Gerhard (d. 1461), also Adolph as count of the Marck
* Margaret (1375–1411), married in 1394 Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1404)
* Elisabeth (1378–1439), married Reinold of Valkenburg (d. 1396) and Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria
* Engelberta (d. 1458), married Frederick IV of Moers (1376–1448)
* Catherine (c. 1395 – 1459)
# Ayacara Formation

The Ayacara Formation is a sedimentary formation made up of interbedded sand and siltstone cropping out around Hornopirén and Ayacara Peninsula in western Los Lagos Region, Chile. Less common rocks are tuff and conglomerate. The formation dates to the Early and Middle Miocene (no earlier than 21.8–17.6 million years ago) when it deposited during a marine transgression.
# Hydraulic resistance

Hydraulic resistance may refer to:
* hydraulic resistance training, a form of strength training
* hydraulic conductivity
# Artur Viehoff

Artur Viehoff (born 14 December 1885) was a footballer who played for FC Basel as forward or as midfielder in the early 1900s.

## Football career

Viehoff joined Basel's first team during their 1901–02 season. He played his first game for the club in the away friendly game on 26 January 1902 as Basel won 3–1 against FC Mulhouse. He did not play in any league games this season.
Viehoff played his domestic league debut for the club in the home game in the Landhof on 25 October 1903 as Basel won 3–1 against Fortuna Basel. Viehoff became regular player for the team in their 1903–04 season.
During the next two season Viehoff played with Basel's second team, who at that time played in the Serie B, the second highest tier of Swiss football.
Viehoff played with the first team again in their 1906–07 season. During his time with the first team, Viehoff played in at least six games. Four of these games were in the Series A and two were friendly games.
# FMA IA-59

The FMA IA-59 is a 1970s Argentine single-engined unmanned aerial vehicle, designed and built for the Argentine Air Force by Fabrica Militar de Aviones.

## Development

The small UAV first flew on 9 December 1972 powered by McCulloch piston engine.

## Aircraft on display

The only IA-59 built is on display at the Museum of Industry in Córdoba Province, Argentina.
# Meadowlands School of Technology

Meadowlands School of Technology is a government secondary school in Chatsworth a section of Durban. Chatsworth was created under the Apartheid period to house Durban residents of Indian heritage. The school specialises in technology.

## Description

Meadowland concentrates on technology and whilst it gives priority to local children and then who are of similar age to the pupils of the grade the admission policy also gives priority to those with an aptitude for technology.

## History

The school opened on 20 January 1969 with Mr.P.C.C.Nair as headmaster, he had over a thousand children to teach with very few teachers trained to teach at secondary level. In fact twenty of the teachers had no teaching experience and only enthusiasm, but they were required when just one year consisted of seventeen classes.
# Minister for Social Security

Minister of Social Security or Minister for Social Security may refer to:
* The Minister of Social Security in the Government of the United Kingdom, 1966–1968: Ministry of Social Security (United Kingdom)#Ministers
* Minister of State for Social Security in the Government of the United Kingdom: see Secretary of State for Work and Pensions
* Minister for Social Security (Sweden)
# 2014 Reinert Open – Doubles

Sofia Shapatava and Anna Tatishvili were the defending champions, but Tatishvili chose to compete at the Lorraine Open. Shapatava teamed up with Anastasiya Vasylyeva as the third seeds, but lost to Gabriela Dabrowski and Mariana Duque in the semifinals.
Dabrowski and Duque went on to win the tournament, defeating Verónica Cepede Royg and Stephanie Vogt in the final, 6–4, 6–2.

## Seeds

* Gabriela Dabrowski / Mariana Duque (champions)
* Verónica Cepede Royg / Stephanie Vogt (final)
* Sofia Shapatava / Anastasiya Vasylyeva (semifinals)
* Eva Birnerová / Kateřina Siniaková (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | G Dabrowski M Duque | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | C Daniels D Pfizenmaier | 4 | 6$^2$ | | 1 | G Dabrowski M Duque | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Brianti K Knapp | 6 | 7 | | | A Brianti K Knapp | 2 | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ç Büyükakçay P Pekhova | 4 | 5 | | | | | | | 1 | G Dabrowski M Duque | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | |
| 3 | S Shapatava A Vasylyeva | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | 3 | S Shapatava A Vasylyeva | 6$^4$ | 2 | | | | |
| | H Birnerová E Bychkova | 5 | 2 | | 3 | S Shapatava A Vasylyeva | 6 | 4 | [13] | | | | | | | | |
| | Y Tanaka L Zhang | 6 | 3 | [10] | | Y Tanaka L Zhang | 4 | 6 | [11] | | | | | | | | |
| | J Wachaczyk N Zander | 3 | 6 | [5] | | | | | | | | | | 1 | G Dabrowski M Duque | 6 | 6 |
| | V Golubic A Hesse | 6 | 3 | [5] | | | | | | | | | | 2 | V Cepede Royg S Vogt | 4 | 2 |
| | R Hogenkamp A Rus | 3 | 6 | [10] | | R Hogenkamp A Rus | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | A-L Friedsam A Lottner | 2 | 6 | [10] | | A-L Friedsam A Lottner | 1 | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | E Birnerová K Siniaková | 6 | 3 | [5] | | | | | | | R Hogenkamp A Rus | 4 | 2 | | | | |
| WC | K Gerlach L Rüffer | 7$^7$ | 4 | [11] | | | | | | 2 | V Cepede Royg S Vogt | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | M Boev A Klasen | 6$^3$ | 6 | [9] | WC | K Gerlach L Rüffer | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| | T Korpatsch S Niketta | 3 | 3 | | 2 | V Cepede Royg S Vogt | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | V Cepede Royg S Vogt | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Bishbanr, Swat

Bishbanr (Pashto: بشبنړ)is an administrative unit, known as Village Council in Union Council Aka Maruf Bami Khel in Tehsil Babuzai, of Swat District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.
According to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Local Government Act 2013. District Swat has 214 Wards, of which total amount of Village Councils is 170, and Neighborhood is 44.
Aka Maruf Bami Khel is Territorial Ward, which is further divided in four Village Councils:
Bishbanr, Banjot, Kass and Sar Sardarai.
According to Election Commission of Pakistan, Bishbanr consists of:
* PC Bishbanr (Mauza Kuz Qila)
* PC Bishbanr (Mauza Bishbanr)
Population of Village Council Bishbanr is 5879, and no of General Seats in Local Bodies Election is 7.
# Henri Albert Péronneau

Capitaine Henri Albert Péronneau was a World War I flying ace credited with nine confirmed aerial victories. He served his nation for more than four decades.

## World War I

Péronneau was serving as a noncommissioned officer in the engineers in western Morocco in 1912 when he transferred to aviation. The beginning of World War I saw him assigned to 1er Group d'Aviation. On 1 June 1915, he started pilot's training at Avord. On 30 November, he received Military Pilot's Brevet No. 2026. On 30 March 1916, he was posted to Escadrille 49. He moved on to Escadrille 65 on 26 May. Péronneau was mentioned in dispatches for flying 150 combat hours and engaging in a dozen dogfights. On 10 October, he was promoted to Adjutant. He received his final assignment of the war on 26 December 1916, when he transferred to Escadrille N81 ('N' denoting a Nieuport squadron).
On 25 August 1917, he was promoted to Adjutant Chef. On 22 September, he claimed victory over a Halberstadt two-seater reconnaissance plane, shared with Pierre De Cazenove De Pradines. It was confirmed on the next day. Péronneau was mentioned in dispatches again, for that victory, as well as for damaging two enemy planes during the preceding month; he would be mentioned five more times in dispatches. On 30 October, the team of de Cazenove de Pradines and Péronneau downed another two-seater, this one over Verdun. Additional solo wins by Péronneau drove his total to four by the year's end. On 12 November, he was awarded the Médaille militaire.
Escadrille 81 was re-equipped with Spads for 1918; Péronneau used his to down his fifth victim on the third day of the new year. The next day, he shared a win with Marcel Marc Dhôme. There was a two-month lapse before Péronneau teamed with André Herbelin for another triumph. Péronneau's last two victories occurred on the 1st and 31 July, and were again shared with Pierre de Cazenove de Pradines. On 9 September 1918, Péronneau was awarded the Légion d'honneur as a Chevalier.

## Post World War I

Péronneau stayed in service after the war. On 28 June 1928, he was promoted to Capitaine. He was elevated to Officier in the Légion d'honneur before his retirement on 4 August 1954. He died in Tunisia on 10 August 1960.

## Endnotes

* ↑ Over the Front: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United States and French Air Services, 1914–1918. p. 203–204.
* ↑ Over the Front: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United States and French Air Services, 1914–1918. p. 203.
* 1 2 The Aerodrome website http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/france/peronneau.php Retrieved on 16 September 2010.
* 1 2 Over the Front: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United States and French Air Services, 1914–1918. p. 203–204. Note: Award of the Croix de guerre was a prerequisite to award of the MM.
* ↑ Over the Front: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United States and French Air Services, 1914–1918. p. 204.
# Arthur Saul (canon)

Arthur Saul (died 1586) was an English Puritan cleric and academic, a Marian exile and canon of Gloucester Cathedral.

## Life

Of Gloucestershire origin, Saul was admitted a demy of Magdalen College, Oxford, in 1545. He graduated B.A. in 1546, and M.A. 1549. He was fellow of Magdalen probably from 1546 to 1553.
In October 1553 Saul was expelled from Magdalen at Bishop Stephen Gardiner's visitation. Under Mary I of England he was an exile, and in 1554 was at Strasbourg with Alexander Nowell and others. Under Elizabeth I Saul was installed canon of Salisbury in 1559, of Bristol in 1559, and of Gloucester in 1565 (3 June); and was successively rector of Porlock, Somerset (1562), Ubly, Somerset (1565), Deynton, Gloucestershire (1566), and Berkeley, Gloucestershire (1575). He subscribed the canons of 1562 as a member of Convocation, but displayed a strong Puritan leaning. In 1565 he was appointed by Thomas Bentham, bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, to visit his diocese, and by Edmund Grindal in 1576 to visit the diocese of Gloucester.
Saul died in 1586. The Jacobean chess-writer Arthur Saul was not his son, as has sometimes been claimed.
# Meadowlands Township, St. Louis County, Minnesota

Meadowlands Township is a township in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 304 at the 2010 census.
Saint Louis County Highway 7 (CR 7) runs north–south through the eastern portion of the township. County Highway 133 (CR 133) runs east–west through the middle of Meadowlands Township.
County 5 (CR 5) and County 29 (CR 29) both pass through the western portion of the township running north–south.
The city of Meadowlands is located within the township geographically but is a separate entity.
The unincorporated community of Payne is located within the northeast corner of Meadowlands Township.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 60.5 square miles (157 km$^2$); 59.9 square miles (155 km$^2$) is land and 0.6 square miles (1.6 km$^2$), or 0.98%, is water.
The Whiteface River flows through the western portion of the township.
The Whiteface River State Forest is located within Meadowlands Township.
The Saint Louis River runs north–south along Meadowlands Township's western boundary line with adjacent Elmer Township.

### Adjacent townships

The following are adjacent to Meadowlands Township :
* Northland Township (east)
* Elmer Township (west)
* New Independence Township (southeast)
* Alborn Township (south)
* Ness Township (southwest)
* Toivola Township (northwest)
* Kelsey Township (north)
* Cotton Township (northeast)

### Unincorporated communities

* Payne

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 315 people, 128 households, and 92 families residing in the township. The population density was 5.3 inhabitants per square mile (2.0/km$^2$). There were 165 housing units at an average density of 2.8 per square mile (1.1/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 96.19% White, 1.90% Native American, and 1.90% from two or more races.
There were 128 households, out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.7% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.1% were non-families. 23.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.90.
In the township the population was spread out, with 25.1% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 24.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 138.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 136.0 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $31,250, and the median income for a family was $35,250. Males had a median income of $34,286 versus $30,000 for females. The per capita income for the township was $16,321. About 9.3% of families and 12.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.4% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.
# Dorte Jensdatter

Dorte Jensdatter (1672–1722), was a Danish murder victim. She was burned alive by her neighbors, after being accused of witchcraft.
Dorte Jensdatter was unmarried and supported herself by spinning in the village Øster Grønning in Salling. She was suspected of having made two children as well as cattle sick by use of magic. After the death of a horse in 1722, the suspicions turned to open accusations. The owner of the dead horse and the mother of one of the dead children apprehended Jensdatter and arranged a private witch trial with the help of her neighbors. They judged her guilty of witchcraft and sentenced her to death. They tied her to a chair in her home and killed her by setting fire to her house. The woman who had accused her lit the fire.
The murder was followed by wide publicity, and two accusers were arrested for her murder and executed. The last lynching for witchcraft in Denmark was the case of Anna Klemens in 1800.
# 2014 Regional League Division 2 Southern Region

2014 Thai Division 2 League Southern Region is the 6th season of the League competition since its establishment in 2009. It is in the third tier of the Thai football league system.

## Changes from last season
### Team changes
#### Promoted clubs

No club was promoted to the Thai Division 1 League. Last years league champions Nara United failed to qualify from the 2013 Regional League Division 2 championship pool.

### Relocated clubs

Prachuap re-located to the Southern Division from the Central-West Division 2013.

## Teams
### Stadium and locations

| Team | Location | Stadium | Capacity |
| Chumphon | Chumphon | Chumphon Province Stadium | 3,000 |
| Hat Yai | Songkhla | Jiranakorn Stadium | 25,000 |
| Nakhon Si Heritage | Nakhon Si Thammarat | Nakhon Si Thammarat PAO. Stadium Walailak University Stadium | 4,744 ? |
| Nara United | Narathiwat | Narathiwat PAO. Stadium | ? |
| Pattani | Pattani | Rainbow Stadium | 8,000 |
| Phang Nga | Phang Nga | Phang Nga Province Stadium | 3,000 |
| Phattalung | Phattalung | Phattalung PAO. Stadium | 5,000 |
| Prachuap | Prachuap Khiri Khan | Sam Ao Stadium | 7,000 |
| Ranong | Ranong | Ranong Province Stadium | 7,212 |
| Satun United | Satun | Satun Province Stadium | 4,671 |
| Surat | Surat Thani | Surat Thani Provincial Stadium | 10,175 |
| Trang | Trang | Trang City municipality Stadium | 4,789 |
| Yala | Yala | IPE Yala Stadium | 2,960 |

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Prachuap (C, Q) | 24 | 15 | 6 | 3 | 46 | 19 | +27 | 51 | Champions League Round |
| 2 | Satun United (Q) | 24 | 13 | 9 | 2 | 46 | 17 | +29 | 48 | Champions League Round |
| 3 | Trang | 24 | 13 | 9 | 2 | 36 | 20 | +16 | 48 | |
| 4 | Chumphon | 23 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 32 | 17 | +15 | 45 | |
| 5 | Pattani | 24 | 10 | 12 | 2 | 30 | 16 | +14 | 42 | |
| 6 | Nara United | 24 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 28 | 24 | +4 | 37 | |
| 7 | Surat Thani | 24 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 26 | 40 | −14 | 26 | |
| 8 | Ranong | 24 | 5 | 10 | 9 | 30 | 39 | −9 | 25 | |
| 9 | Yala | 23 | 5 | 9 | 9 | 17 | 20 | −3 | 24 | |
| 10 | Phang Nga | 24 | 5 | 9 | 10 | 26 | 40 | −14 | 24 | |
| 11 | Phattalung | 22 | 3 | 8 | 11 | 23 | 35 | −12 | 17 | |
| 12 | Nakhon Si Heritage | 22 | 2 | 7 | 13 | 18 | 36 | −18 | 13 | |
| 13 | Hat Yai | 24 | 2 | 1 | 21 | 15 | 50 | −35 | 7 | |
# Bird Education Society for Travel & Tourism

Bird Education Society for Travel & Tourism is an academy based in New Delhi with campuses in Chandigarh and Mumbai.
The institute offers both Full-time and Part-time courses in the field of Aviation, Travel and Tourism, Information Technology and Hospitality Management involving Soft skills Training, IATA Consultant and Foundation Course, Airport Handling and Dangerous Goods Regulation.
The Academy is an Authorised International Air Transport Association Training Centre in India.
University of Delhi has also launched Certificate Courses in Travel and Tourism. Miranda House conducts various Tourism courses in collaboration with the Academy.

## Awards and accolades

* Ranked amongst South Asia's 2012 Top 10 Authorised Training Centers by IATA.
* 'Certificate of Recognition' from IATA for its high graduate success rate in 2009.
* Ranked South Asia's 2011 Top 10 IATA Premier Circle - Certified Authorized Training Centers.
# Borač

Borač may refer to places:
* Borač (fortress), a fortified town in medieval Bosnia
* Borač, Czech Republic, a municipality and village
* Borač, Serbia, a village near Knić in Serbia
** Borač Fortress near Borač in Serbia
# Great Guitars

Great Guitars may refer to
* Great Guitars (band) jazz guitar supergroup
* Great Guitars (Great Guitars album) 1976 jazz album
* Great Guitars (Joe Louis Walker album) 1997 blues album
# Beat Okle

Beat Okle is a Swiss mountain bike orienteer. Okle won a bronze medal in the long distance at the 2008 World MTB Orienteering Championships in Ostróda, and placed seventh in the middle distance and fourth with the Swiss relay team.
# Gimmerburn

Gimmerburn is a farming community on the Maniototo Plain in the Otago region of New Zealand.
It is situated 11 km southwest of Ranfurly and largely consists of sheep and dairy farms with the focal point of the community being the Gimmerburn Domain, a sporting and recreational complex.

## History

Gimmerburn was originally surveyed by John Turnbull Thomson who named the area, and is part of the "Thomson's Barnyard", a group of localities named for farm animals.
Gimmerburn was principally sheep country until the development of the Maniototo Irrigation Scheme. Following the opening of the irrigation scheme in 1984, farms were able to sustain large dairy farm cattle herds.
At its peak, Gimmerburn had its own post office and school, the latter being formed in 1882 with classes being held in a shepherds hut.
# Arthur Savage

Arthur Savage may refer to:
* A. H. Savage (Arthur Henry Patrick Savage, 1850–1905), 19th century footballer
* Arthur Craig Savage (1870–1931), American politician in Iowa
* Arthur William Savage (1857–1938), late 19th century gun designer, and inventor of radial tires