OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Coal mining in Niger

Coal exploitation in Niger is carried out by Société nigérienne du charbon (SONICHAR, the coal corporation of Niger). SONICHAR was created in 1975. It operates an open pit coal mine in Anou Araren in the Agadez Region. It also operates a power plant 2km away from coal mine. The Anou Araren coal reserves are estimated at 15 million tonnes and in 2011, 246,016 tonnes of coal were extracted from the mine. A new mine in the Salkadamna region was initiated for a new power plant in 2014.The coal reserves at Salkadamna are estimated at 70 million tonnes.

## History

The potential of coal mining in Niger was first established in 1968 when coal reserves were discovered in Anou Araren by an exploration team led by the French Atomic Commission (Commissariat à l’énergie atomique). This discovery and the parallel discovery and exploitation of uranium mines in the same region of Niger lead to the creation of SONICHAR in 1975. The goal was to mine coal which will be used as a fuel to power the thermal power plants in order to supply power to Uranium mining activities in Arlit. In 1980, coal mining began at Anou Araren and a year later, the thermal power plant was in operation.
Since then, coal mining projects have stagnated. In 2014, construction for the second coal mine began in Salkadamna in Takanamatt, Tahoua Region. The coal extracted from the mine will supply a 600 MW power plant and coal briquette plant adjacent to the mine.
The Anou Araren coal reserves are estimated at 15 million tonnes and in 2011, 246,016 tonnes of coal were extracted from the mine. The coal reserves at Salkadamna are estimated at 70 million tonnes.

## Production at Anou Araren

The coal production at Anou Araren in Agadez Region was 246 016 tonnes in 2011. Of the total production, 210 879 tonnes (86% of total production) was used by the power plant in the same year.
Anou Araren Coal Production and Consumption between 2007 and 2011
| | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 |
| Coal production (tonnes) | 171296 | 182912 | 225072 | 246558 | 246016 |
| Coal consumption by power plant (tonnes) | 145641 | 161640 | 172819 | 192047 | 210879 |
Data source: Yearly Statistical Report - Niger 2007-2011

## Production at Salkadamna

In 2012, the government of Niger announced its intention to build a coal mine in Salkadamna in the Tahoua Region after the discovery of a reserve of 92 million tonnes. The goal of the project is to build a mine with a production capacity of 1.1 million tonnes per year. The production is intended to supply fuel for a coal-powered plant and to produce coal briquettes for local consumption. The power plant will have a total capacity of 200 MW with potential for expansion up 600 MW. It will have four units of 50 MW capacity each based on a fluidized bed combustion technology. The coal briquette plant will aim for a production of 100 000 tonnes per year at start-up to potentially reach 300 000 tonnes per year at full speed.
# Coco Bulles

Coco Bulles is the International Festival of Cartoons and Comics of Abidjan. The aim is to give a panoramic view of the comic literature and graphics in Africa.
The festival contains art exhibitions, workshops, conferences and roundtables. The venue for the festival was the Culture Palace of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.

## Past festivals

* 2001: The first Coco Bulles Festival is held 2–5 November 2001.
    The motto of the festival was: "Long live the comic!". Some artists who participated the festival in 2001 were: Tristan Demers (the creator of 'Gargouille', one of the most popular characters in Quebec comics) and Bernard Willem Holtrop (one of the most controversial cartoonists in Europe)
* 2003: The second Coco Bulles Festival is held between 6–9 November 2003.
    Switzerland was chosen as the guest of honour. The festival is organized by Olvis Dabley and cartoonists Zohoré Lassane , Illary Simplice and Mendozza Y Caramba .
    Some artists who participated the festival in 2003 were: Jean-Claude Fournier who handled Spirou et Fantasio in the years 1969-1979, Claude Moliterni organizer of Angoulême International Comics Festival, Christophe Bertschy who created 'Nelson', a newspaper strip which appears in Le Matin and in the german newspaper Bieler Tagblatt.
* 2007: The third Coco Bulles Festival is held between 12 and 15 April 2007
    Belgium was chosen as the guest of honour. Some artists who participated the festival in 2007 were: Peter Kroll , Cécile Bertrand and Daniel Henrotin Dany (comics).
    The theme was; "Comics and satirical, traces of time in search of balance".
    Some artists who participated the festival in 2003 were Peter Kroll and Cécile Bertrand.
* The fourth Coco Bulles was originally scheduled in November 2009 but was postponed indefinitely.
# Luis Carvallo

Luis Carvallo was a Chilean footballer.
He was the first top scorer in Chilean first tier tournaments.

## Honours
### Club

* Campeonato Nacional (Chile) Top-Scorer: 1933
# Cochylimorpha cuspidata

Cochylimorpha cuspidata is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in China (Anhui, Beijing, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Tianjin) and Korea.
# Cochylimorpha declivana

Cochylimorpha declivana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Amur Oblast in the Russian Far East.
# Cochylimorpha diana

Cochylimorpha diana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Asia Minor, Syria, the Palestinian Territories, Armenia, Lebanon and Iran.
The wingspan is 16–25 mm.
# Cochylimorpha conankinensis

Cochylimorpha conankinensis is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in China (Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan).
# Eugène Pluchart

Eugène Pluchart (Russian: Евгений Александрович Плюшар, 1809, Saint Petersburg - c. 1880, Dresden) was a Russian painter and photographer of French descent.

## Biography

His father, Alexandre Pluchart [ru], was a typographer, originally from Valenciennes, who moved to Russia in 1805; becoming Director of publications for the Collegium of Foreign Affairs. His mother, Sophie Henrietta, née Wagner (1782-1857), was German. His older brother, Adolphe [ru], also went into the publishing business.
He began his artistic studies in 1825, at the Beaux-Arts de Paris, with Louis Hersent. This was followed by a study trip to Italy. From 1828 to 1832, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich, then returned to Russia. His painting of an odalisque earned him the title of "Academician Candidate" from the Imperial Academy of Arts in 1836. Three years later, he became a full Academician for his portrait of the composer and violinist, Karol Lipiński.
From 1840 to 1842, he lived in Moscow, where he was a professor at the Noble Institute [ru]. He specialized in portraits of well-known personalities, predominantly female, but also created a number of frescoes at Saint Isaac's Cathedral in the 1840s.
During the 1850s, he operated a photography studio. He left Russia sometime between 1860 and 1862, and settled in Dresden; his mother's home town. Not long after, he briefly considered returning to Saint Petersburg, to repair his frescoes, which had been damaged by dampness, but chose not to. Very little is known of his later years.

## Selected paintings

* Sleeping Italian
* The actress, Vera Samoylova [ru]
* The singer, Pauline Viardot
* God Appears to Moses in the Burning Bush

## Sources

* Biography from the Русский биографический словарь @ Russian Wikisource
* S N. Коndakov, Юбилейный справочник Императорской Академии художеств. 1764-1914 (Jubilee Handbook of the Imperial Academy of Arts), Товарищество Р. Голике и А. Вильборг, 1915
* Brief biography @ the Saint Isaac's Cathedral website
* "Pluchart, Jewgenij [Eugène] Alexandrowitsch". In: Hans Vollmer (Ed.): Allgemeines Lexikon der Bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart, Vol.27: Piermaria–Ramsdell. E. A. Seemann, Leipzig 1933, pg.160
# Nabi language

Nabi (Nambi), a.k.a. Metan, is a Torricelli language of Papua New Guinea. It was assigned to the Maimai branch in Ross (2005).
The language is spoken in three villages; according to Ethnologue, in two they prefer the name Nabi, and in the third Metan.
# City Sugar

City Sugar is a stage play by Stephen Poliakoff. It was originally staged at the Bush Theatre in 1975 and directed by Hugh Thomas. City Sugar’s cast was led by John Shrapnel as Leonard Brazil and supported by Leon Vitali and Lynne Miller. In 1976 the play then transferred to the Comedy Theatre with Adam Faith taking over as Leonard Brazil and James Aubrey as Rex. City Sugar, along with its companion piece Hitting Town, won Poliakoff the Evening Standard's Most Promising Playwright Award in 1976.
The play was widely performed in regional cities all over Britain, and was presented at the Phoenix Theatre in New York City with Jeff Goldblum in the lead role and was made into a successful ITV television play with Tim Curry playing the lead.
City Sugar followed the story of the young waitress, Nicola, whom the audience first encountered in Poliakoff’s Hitting Town.

## Storyline

The story charts a week in the life of a DJ, Leonard Brazil, as he launches what he calls the competition of the century aimed directly at a youth audience. It is a promotional campaign designed to whip up excitement amongst the station's audience in preparation for a super-group's visit to the city. As Leonard runs the competition, he is tormented by self-loathing and takes out his anger on those around him. He singles out Nicola Davies, one of his listeners and engineers, and she came into the studio where he purposefully humiliated her.

## Further Information

The TV production was made with Scottish TV and Film Enterprises for ITV. In the television version Nicola Davies was played by Veronica Quilligan and Tim Curry plays the DJ Leonard Brazil. It was shot on film on location in Glasgow.
City Sugar has been included as a suggested text in UK GCSE curriculum in drama. Hereford Plays published an edition of City Sugar in 1989 with scene-by-scene analysis, structured questions and assignment suggestions for GCSE.
The play’s text is published by Bloomsbury and Samuel French.
# Australian Dance Council

The Australian Dance Council, known as Ausdance or Ausdance National and formerly the Australian Association for Dance Education (AADE), is or was the national dance advocacy organisation in Australia, representing the dance profession and coordinating a network of state organisations, including Ausdance ACT, Ausdance Qld, Ausdance SA, Ausdance Victoria and Ausdance WA.
As of 2021 its situation is uncertain after being deprived of its main funding by the Australia Council in 2016, and it announced its disbanding in 2019; however, it has continued to host the Australian Dance Awards until 2020.

## History

The Australian Dance Council was founded in Melbourne in 1977 as the Australian Association for Dance Education (AADE) by a group including Peggy van Praagh, Peter Brinson, Shirley McKechnie, Warren Lett, Keith Bain OAM, Johanna Exiner and Donna Greaves. It then created the first Ausdance National Committee (later the National Council) in New South Wales, which later moved to Canberra, ACT, and established Ausdance organisations in each state and territory. In 1985 it was awarded annual funding by the federal government's arts funding body, the Australia Council.
Ausdance National co-founded the National Advocates for Arts Education (NAAE) in 1989.
In 2019 it became a casualty of the huge cuts in funding made by Arts Minister George Brandis in 2016, finally unable to sustain enough funding to continue to operate, despite restructuring. Brandis had cut A$104.8 million of general funding from the Australia Council, representing a quarter of available funding.
Members of the dance community hoped for its reconstitution, but as of November 2021, the last annual report on its website is for 2018.

## Mission and functions

Ausdance's stated mission was to "advocate for dance and the diversity of dance in Australia", aiming to:
* Lead and shape dance policy development and debate
* Provide a national voice for dance and dance education
* Identify and promote diverse forms of dance and dance practice
* Encourage access to and understanding of dance
* Foster national and international links with dance and dance-related organisations
Over the years it created or hosted a number of forums, conferences, festivals and publications, developed guidelines for dance education, awarded fellowships and collaborated with other organisations to promote dance as a recreational sport as well as a profession.
Ausdance National represents the dance profession and coordinates a network of state organisations, including Ausdance ACT, Ausdance Qld, Ausdance SA, Ausdance WA and Ausdance Victoria.

## National Dance Awards

The Australian Dance Awards have been held since 1997, held first in the Sydney Opera House, then from 2008 to 2010 in Melbourne, and until 2017 by tender among the state-based organisations of the network. In 2018 Ausdance National hosted the event at the Brisbane Powerhouse in Brisbane, Queensland, and owing to the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, the event was held online by the national body in 2020, covering the years 2018 and 2019.
# Egil Nyhus

Egil Nyhus (born 23 January 1962) is a Norwegian illustrator.
He was born in Tønsberg as the twin brother of illustrator/writer Svein Nyhus. He took his education at the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry from 1981 to 1985, worked as a newspaper illustrator in Tønsbergs Blad from 1986 to 1987 and Romerikes Blad from 1987. He has also illustrated children's picture books, among them several titles about Captain Sabertooth and books written by Tor Åge Bringsværd.

## Honours and awards

* 1998: The Norwegian Editorial Cartoon of the Year (Årets avistegning) for a caricature portrait of Lars Sponheim
* 2012: GRAND PRIX ex-aequo in World Press Cartoon Sintra 2012 for a caricature of Dominique Strauss-Kahn
* 2013: The Norwegian Editorial Cartoon of the Year (Årets avistegning) 2011-2012 for a caricature portrait of Anders Behring Breivik
# Melenkovsky Uyezd

Melenkovsky Uyezd (Меленковский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Vladimir Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southeastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Melenki.

## Demographics

At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Melenkovsky Uyezd had a population of 142,304. Of these, 99.9% spoke Russian as their native language.
# Freeland, Prince Edward Island

Freeland is a Canadian rural community in Prince County, Prince Edward Island.
It is located in the township of Lot 11, north of Ellerslie.
# Artificial Intelligence Center

The Artificial Intelligence Center is a laboratory in the Information and Computing Sciences Division of SRI International. It was founded in 1966 by Charles Rosen and studies artificial intelligence.
One of their early projects was Shakey the Robot, the first general-purpose mobile robot. More recently, the center funded early development of CALO and Siri. The center has also provided the military with various technology.
# Every Night (Saturday Looks Good to Me album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Pitchfork Media | |
Every Night is an album by Saturday Looks Good to Me. It was released on September 14, 2004 on Polyvinyl.

## Track listing

The LP and CD have a few songs that feature different mixes and singers.
# Big Life

Big Life was a record label established in 1987 by Jazz Summers and Tim Parry. It featured hundreds of releases from artists such as The Orb, Stare, Yazz, Junior Reid, Coldcut, De La Soul, and Damage.
In 1999, the label was put into receivership. In 2008, it was purchased by Universal Music Publishing Group.
# Arthur Webster Emerson

Arthur Webster Emerson (December 5, 1885 – July 18, 1968) was a painter who was born in Honolulu, Kingdom of Hawai'i. He was the son of Nathaniel Bright Emerson, and grandson of missionaries John S. Emerson and Ursula Newell Emerson. As a young Hawaiian-born artist, he was encouraged in his painting by Madge Tennent. During the 1910s and 1920s, he painted in New York with other young artists associated with the Ashcan School. Emerson died in 1968.
# Arthur Brandreth Scott Dutton

Vice-Admiral the Honourable Arthur Brandreth Scott Dutton, CB, CMG (11 September 1876 – 29 September 1932) was a Royal Navy officer who served during World War I, and was Captain-Superintendent of Pembroke Dockyard from 1922 to 1924.

## Early life

Dutton was born on 11 September 1876 in Simla, the summer capital of British India, where his father was Aide-de-camp to Frederick Roberts, Commander-in-Chief, India. He was a younger son of May Arbuthnot Taylor (1849–1943) and Col. Hon. Charles Dutton (1842–1909), a younger son of James Henry Legge Dutton, 3rd Baron Sherborne. Arthur's older brother, James Dutton (1873–1949), succeeded as Baron Sherborne in 1920, allowing his siblings to use the style the Honourable. His sister Hon. Mabel Honor Dutton was married to Sir George James Robert Clerk of Penicuik, 9th Baronet.

## Naval career

Dutton was commissioned in the Royal Navy, where he was promoted to lieutenant in 1898. He was appointed to command of the torpedo boat destroyer HMS Locust in April 1902, while she was serving in the Mediterranean. He participated in the Battle of Jutland, the greatest naval battle of World War I. In April 1922 he was appointed Captain-Superintendent of Pembroke Dockyard, serving as such until 1924. He was appointed a Naval ADC to King George in 1926, and promoted to rear-admiral later the same year. From 1928 until 1931 he was Commanding Destroyer Flotillas in the Mediterranean Fleet. He retired from the navy as vice-admiral in 1931.

## Personal life

On 12 February 1914, Dutton was married to Doriel Hay (c. 1889–1941), a daughter of Sir John Hay, 9th Baronet and Anne Milliken-Napier (a daughter of Sir Robert Milliken-Napier, 9th Baronet). Together, they were the parents of:
* Doriel Rowena Dutton, who married W/Cdr. Ian Norman Bayles, son of Norman Bayles, in 1940.
* Julia Meliora Dutton (1914–2004), who married S/Ldr. Norrie Bertram Salisbury Butler, son of Charles William Butler, in 1939.
Dutton died on 29 September 1932.
# Artaxa drucei

Artaxa drucei is a species of moth in the genus Artaxa found in Papua New Guinea. There are 13 collected specimens, all at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History.
# Evolver One

Evolver One is a South African rock band. Established in Port Elizabeth in 2001 as Evolver, it renamed itself Evolver One in 2010. Its single "Criminal" reached the top 40 in June 2010.
It has had two chart-topping albums.

## Discography

* Get Up (2006)
* What's the Story? (2008)
* Evolver One (2010)
* What If (2014)
# Arthrobacter cryoconiti

Arthrobacter cryoconiti is a psychrophilic, Gram-positive, aerobic and non-motile bacterium species from the genus Arthrobacter which has been isolated from cryoconite from the Banker glacier in the Ötztaler Alpen in Austria.
# Bill Walsh (firefighter)

William J. Walsh (born September 25, 1957) is a retired New York City firefighter, known for his role in the television series Third Watch. In Third Watch, he started as a firefighter in seasons 1–4, Then in seasons 5–6, Walsh was promoted to the rank Lieutenant of Squad 55. Bill Walsh is a retired Captain of FDNY Squad 41 in the South Bronx.
He also made an appearance as the firefighter who helped Elmo in Sesame Street's Elmo Visits the Firehouse.
# Arun, Badakhshan

Arun is a village in Badakhshan Province in north-eastern Afghanistan.
# Eustathes flava

Eustathes flava is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Newman in 1842. It is known from the Philippines and Sulawesi. It contains the varietas Eustathes flava var. femoralis.
# Big Apple (disambiguation)

The Big Apple is a nickname for New York City, United States.
Big Apple or The Big Apple may also refer to:
* Big Apple (Amtrak train), a train operated by Amtrak, now merged into the Keystone Service
* Central of Georgia "Big Apple", a nickname for train engines on the Central of Georgia Railway
* Big Apple (club), a nightclub in Munich, established in 1963
* Big Apple (Colborne, Ontario), a roadside attraction in Colborne, Ontario, Canada
* Big Apple Circus, a circus in New York City
* Big Apple Comix, an early independent comic book
* Big Apple (dance), a swing/jazz-era dance
* "The Big Apple", a 1937 song about the dance, recorded by Tommy Dorsey with Edythe Wright
* "Big Apple Rappin'", a 1980 rap single by Spyder-D
* "Big Apple" (song), a 1983 single by the British New Wave band Kajagoogoo
* Big Apple Township, Oregon County, Missouri
* Big Apple (TV series), a short-lived cop drama TV series on CBS
* The Big Apple (Waitomo), a tourist attraction in Waitomo, New Zealand
* Iso Omena (literally "Big Apple"), a shopping centre in Matinkylä, Espoo, Finland
# Bijou (cocktail)

A bijou is a mixed alcoholic drink composed of gin, vermouth, and chartreuse. This cocktail was invented by Harry Johnson, "the father of professional bartending", who called it bijou because it combined the colors of three jewels: gin for diamond, vermouth for ruby, and chartreuse for emerald. An original-style bijou is made stirred with ice as Johnson's 1900 New and Improved Bartender Manual states "mix well with a spoon and serve." This recipe is also one of the oldest in the manual, dating back to the 1890s.
The bijou was popular for several decades. Unlike the Manhattan and the martini, however, the bijou disappeared after Prohibition. It was rediscovered by "the King of Cocktails" Dale DeGroff in the 1980s, when he stumbled upon the recipe in Johnson's book. While the original cocktail had equal parts of the three ingredients, DeGroff tripled the ratio of gin to vermouth and chartreuse to soften the taste profile. Eventually, his recipe became the standard.
# Everard Digby (disambiguation)

Everard Digby (c. 1578–1606) was a plotter in the Gunpowder Plot.
Everard Digby may also refer to:
* Everard de Digby (died at Towton, 1461), MP 1446 and High Sheriff of Rutland 1459
* Everard Digby (scholar) (c.1550–?), English academic theologian
* Everard Digby (died 1509), MP for Rutland
* Everard Digby (died 1540) (born by 1472), MP for Rutland 1529
# Everard Enos Hatch

Everard Enos Hatch (July 18, 1859 – May 14, 1940) was a United States Army officer in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He served in several conflicts, including the Spanish–American War and World War I.

## Biography

Hatch was born on his father's farm in Montville, Maine, on July 18, 1859. His father, Enos M. Hatch, was an American Civil War veteran, having lost his right arm in the conflict. Hatch attended local public schools from 1865 to 1877, and in 1878, he worked in a general store and taught. After attending Eastern State Normal School in 1879, Hatch entered the United States Military Academy, graduating in 1884.
Hatch was commissioned into the 18th Infantry Regiment and did frontier duty from 1884 to 1888. He was then assigned to Maine Agricultural College as a professor of Military Science and Tactics, something he did until 1891. Hatch then went to Fort Ringgold, Texas, and from 1894 to 1895, he served at the Clinton Liberal Institute.
Hatch participated in the Spanish–American War, the Philippine–American War, and the United States occupation of Veracruz. He graduated from the United States Army War College in 1915. He was promoted to the rank of brigadier general on August 5, 1917. As a general, Hatch organized and trained the 158th Brigade. After World War I ended, he reverted to his permanent rank of colonel. After commanding Fort Benjamin Harrison, Hatch served again with the American Expeditionary Forces from June through August 1919. He retired as a colonel in 1921, though Congress restored his brigadier general rank in June 1930.
Hatch served as the mayor of Laurel, Maryland from 1936 to 1940. He died on May 14, 1940, at the age of 80.

## Personal life

Hatch married his first wife, Mellie S. Rowe, on August 7, 1888, and his second wife Annie K. Spring on September 12, 1899. He was an Episcopalian.