OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research

54°5′38″N 12°6′40″E﻿ / ﻿54.09389°N 12.11111°E﻿ / 54.09389; 12.11111
The Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (MPIDR) is located in Rostock, Germany. It was founded in 1996 by James Vaupel and moved into new buildings in Rostock in 2002. It is one of approximately 80 institutes of the Max Planck Society.
The MPIDR is jointly led by Emilio Zagheni, who took over from MPIDR founding director James Vaupel in February 2018, and Mikko Myrskylä. Myrskylä replaced Joshua R. Goldstein in 2014, who had taken over from Jan Hoem.

## History and background

After the Institut national d'études démographiques, the MPIDR is the largest demographic research body in Europe and one of the largest in the world. Conducting basic research into demographic processes, it analyzes the underlying causes of demographic change, describes contemporary demographic trends, produces forecasts for the future direction of demographic processes, highlights the potential consequences facing society, and assists decision-makers in the various political and social institutions by providing them with solid information and expert advice. The institute is participating in four international doctoral training programs: The International Max Planck Research School for Demography, the European Doctoral School of Demography (EDSD), the MaxNet Aging Research School (MNARS), and the PhD program Demography at Rostock University.
Within the framework of the Rostock Center, a joint initiative between the MPIDR and Rostock University, the institute provides decision-makers in politics and society with information and expert advice on the causes and consequences of demographic change.
Since 2009, the MPIDR hosts Population Europe a collaborative network of Europe's leading demographic research institutes and centres, whose main activity is to spread information on policy relevant demographic research findings.

## Laboratories

* Social Demography (Mikko Myrskylä)
* Fertility and Wellbeing
* Population Health
* Research Group: Labour Demography
* BIOSFER
* MaxHel Center
* Digital and Computational Demography (Emilio Zagheni)
* Migration and Mobility
* Population Dynamics
* Joint Research Labs
* Demographic Data (Dimitri Jdanov)
* Statistical Demography (Jutta Gampe)
* Independent Research Groups
* Lifespan Inequalities (Alyson van Raalte)
* Kinship Inequalities (Diego Alburez-Gutierrez)
* Gender Inequalities and Fertility (Nicole Hiekel)
* Migration and Health Inequalities (Silvia Loi)
# Fusarium crookwellense

Fusarium crookwellense (syn. Fusarium cerealis) is a species of fungus in the family Nectriaceae. It is known as a plant pathogen that infects agricultural crops.
The fungus was first described in 1982 after it was found infecting potatoes in Australia. It causes plant diseases such as corn ear rot and wheat head blight. It has also been found on hops causing a necrotic blight on the cones.
Like other species in genus Fusarium, this fungus produces mycotoxins. It is a source of nivalenol, 4-acetylnivalenol, and zearalenone.
# Hot News (1936 film)

Hots News is a 1936 British comedy film directed by W. P. Kellino and starring Lupino Lane, Phyllis Clare and Wallace Lupino.
It was made as a quota quickie at Cricklewood Studios.

## Synopsis

An idiot working as a guest reporter on a newspaper gets entangled with Chicago gangsters.

## Cast

* Lupino Lane as Jimmy Selby
* Phyllis Clare as Betty Mason
* Wallace Lupino as Horace Wells
* Barbara Kilner as Princess Ina
* Ben Welden as Slug Wilson
* Glen Raynham as Barbara O'Neill
* Reginald Long as Prince Stephen
* Fred Leslie as Leslie Fredericks
* George Pughe as Slim McGill
# Allan Wolsey Cardinall

Sir Allan Wolsey Cardinall, KBE, CMG (21 March 1887 – 26 January 1956) was a British colonial administrator. He was Governor of the Falkland Islands from 1941 to 1946.
# Panzeria consobrina

Panzeria consobrina is a European species of fly in the family Tachinidae.
# Mandatory Palestine passport

Mandatory Palestine passports were travel documents issued by British authorities in Mandatory Palestine to residents between 1925 and 1948. The first brown-covered passport appeared around 1927, following the issue of the Palestinian Citizenship Order, 1925. From 1926 to 1935 alone approximately 70,000 of such travel documents were issued.

## Before 1925 citizenship law

Before the citizenship law of 1925, the Government of Palestine issued British passports to those with British nationality, and two types of travel document to others:
* A Provisional Certificate of Palestinian Nationality was available to persons who had indicated their intention to become Mandatory Palestine's citizens and live in Palestine, provided they were born in Palestine, their father was born in Palestine, or they were an "ex-Russian subject who compulsorily acquired Ottoman nationality in Palestine during the recent war". The wives of such people were also eligible from late 1924.
* An emergency laissez-passer. An ordinance allowing the High Commissioner to issue passports to Mandatory Palestine's citizens was promulgated soon afterwards.

## Status of residents: 1925 law

The status of Mandatory Palestine's citizenship was not legally defined until 1925. Mandatory Palestine's citizenship and the various means of obtaining it was defined in an Order in Council of 24 July 1925.
Turkish subjects habitually resident in Palestine (excluding Transjordan) on the first day of August 1925 automatically became citizens unless they opted to reject it. Many other classes of people were able to apply for citizenship, which would be granted at the discretion of the High Commissioner.
Palestinian natives living abroad were given two years to apply for Palestinian citizenship, but the High Commissioner soon reduced this to about one year, creating a class of stateless persons who had lost their Ottoman citizenship but were unable to obtain Palestinian citizenship.
Although the nature of Mandatory Palestine's citizenship had been debated within the British government since 1920, the main reason it was delayed was that Turkish citizens were officially enemy aliens until the Treaty of Lausanne was ratified in 1923.

### Rights

Palestinian citizens had the right of abode in Palestine, but were not British subjects, and were instead considered British protected persons.

## After 1948

Mandatory Palestine passports ceased to be valid on the termination of the Mandate on 15 May 1948. Even so, in the early 1950s, United Nations officials described the "worn dog-eared Palestine passport issued in Mandate days by a government that no longer legally exists" as "mementos of identity that were treasured by refugees". Israeli, All-Palestine Government passports and Jordanian passports were offered to former British Mandate subjects according to the citizenship they acquired in the aftermath of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. A significant number of Arab Palestinians, especially in the Gaza Strip and those who found refuge in Syria and Lebanon, remained stateless.
# 2023 Tajik Super Cup

The 2023 Tajik Supercup is the 14th Tajik Supercup, an annual Tajik football match played between the winners of the previous season's Tajikistan Higher League and Tajikistan Cup. The match was contested by 2022 League champions Istiklol, and the 2022 Cup champions Ravshan Kulob.

## Background

On 11 April 2023, the Tajikistan Football Federation announced that the 2023 edition of the Tajik Supercup would now be played at 18:00hrs on 6 May at the Central Stadium in Hisar, instead of the originally assigned 20 Years of Independence Stadium in Khujand due to the latter now being unavailable.
On 4 May, Sayodzhon Zainiddinov was announced as the referee for the match.

## Match
### Summary

A goal in the 7th minute of the match from Amirjon Safarov was enough to give Ravshan Kulob their second Tajik Supercup title.

### Details

| Istiklol | Ravshan Kulob |
| DF | 3 | Tabrezi Davlatmir | 80' |
| DF | 5 | Sodikjon Kurbonov | 46' |
| DF | 9 | Joseph Okoro |
| DF | 14 | Sayedi Kovussho |
| DF | 18 | Daler Imomnazarov | 46' |
| DF | 27 | Cédric Gogoua |
| MF | 10 | Alisher Dzhalilov |
| MF | 13 | Amadoni Kamolov |
| MF | 17 | Ehson Panjshanbe |
| FW | 63 | Manuchekhr Dzhalilov |
| Substitutes: |||
| GK | 99 | Mukhriddin Khasanov |
| DF | 2 | Siyovush Asrorov |
| FW | 11 | Shervoni Mabatshoev | 46' |
| MF | 15 | Idriss Aminu |
| DF | 19 | Khaydar Sattorov |
| MF | 21 | Romish Jalilov | 46' |
| MF | 22 | Parviz Baki-Akhunov |
| DF | 23 | Alidzhon Karomatullozoda |
| MF | 55 | Salokhiddin Irgashev |
| MF | 70 | Shahrom Sulaymonov |
| MF | 77 | Alidzhoni Ayni | 80' |
| Manager: |||
| Igor Cherevchenko ||||
| DF | 14 | Bakhtovari Khurshed |
| DF | 15 | Samuel Ofori |
| DF | 22 | Kholmurod Nazarov |
| DF | 27 | Shakhriyori Inoyatullo | 82' |
| MF | 6 | Emmanuel Maaboah | 90+6' |
| MF | 8 | Abbos Andalibov |
| MF | 19 | Ocran Idan |
| MF | 63 | Saidkhodzha Mukhammad Sharifi |
| FW | 11 | Amirjon Safarov | 71' |
| FW | 21 | Joseph Akomadi |
| Substitutes: |||
| FW | 17 | Chris Emmanuel Kakou | 71' |
| FW | 41 | Tokhir Maladustov | 90+6' |
| MF | | Amirjoni Farrukhzod | 82' |
| Manager: |||
| Tokhirjon Muminov ||||
| Man of the Match: Yevhen Hrytsenko Assistant referees: Akmal Buriev (Tursunzade) Khusravi Siddikzod (Dushanbe) Fourth official: Rustambek Khudzhaev (Kabadiyan) Reserve assistant referee: Rustam Nurmatov (Dushanbe) Khurshed Dadoboev (Khujand) | Match rules 90 minutes Penalty shoot-out if scores level Seven named substitutes Maximum of six substitutions |
# 1969 European Indoor Games – Women's 50 metres

The women's 50 metres event at the 1969 European Indoor Games was held on 9 March in Belgrade.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Irena Szewińska Poland | Sylviane Telliez France | Madeleine Cobb Great Britain |

## Results
### Heats

First 2 from each heat (Q) and the next 1 fastest (q) qualified for the final.
| Rank | Heat | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 1 | Irena Szewińska | Poland | 6.5 | Q |
| 2 | 1 | Madeleine Cobb | Great Britain | 6.5 | Q |
| 3 | 1 | Galina Kuznetsova | Soviet Union | 6.6 | q |
| 4 | 1 | Marijana Lubej | Yugoslavia | 6.7 | |
| 5 | 1 | Johanna Kleinpeter | Austria | 6.8 | |
| 1 | 2 | Karin Balzer | East Germany | 6.6 | Q |
| 2 | 2 | Eva Putnová | Czechoslovakia | 6.6 | Q |
| 3 | 2 | Galina Bukharina | Soviet Union | 6.7 | |
| 4 | 2 | Aurelia Petrescu | Romania | 6.7 | |
| 5 | 2 | Inge Aigner | Austria | 7.0 | |
| 1 | 3 | Sylviane Telliez | France | 6.5 | Q |
| 2 | 3 | Urszula Jóźwik | Poland | 6.6 | Q |
| 3 | 3 | Györgyi Balogh | Hungary | 6.6 | |
| 4 | 3 | Ljiljana Petnjarić | Yugoslavia | 6.7 | |
| 5 | 3 | Snezhana Yurukova | Bulgaria | 6.7 | |

### Final

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | Irena Szewińska | Poland | 6.4 |
| | Sylviane Telliez | France | 6.5 |
| | Madeleine Cobb | Great Britain | 6.5 |
| 4 | Galyna Kuznetsova | Soviet Union | 6.5 |
| 5 | Urszula Jóźwik | Poland | 6.5 |
| 6 | Karin Balzer | East Germany | 6.6 |
| 7 | Eva Putnová | Czechoslovakia | 6.6 |
# Anton Balthasar König

Anton Balthasar König was a German historian and genealogist. Born on 13 December 1753, King was a graduate of Cölln school and then worked as a registrar and secretary of the Generaldirektorium tätig. From about 1800 he was hired as the High Council Johanniterorden. King became famous for works of historical and genealogical content.
He died on 14 January 1814.

## Works

* Biographisches Lexikon aller Helden und Militärpersonen, welche sich in preussischen Diensten berühmt gemacht haben. 4 Teile, Berlin 1788–1791; Nachdruck in 4 Teilen: LTR, Starnberg 1989, ISBN 3-88706-305-8.
* Leben und Thaten Jakob Paul Freiherrn von Gundling, Königl.-Preussischen Geheimen Krieges-, Kammer-, Ober-Apellations- und Kammergerichts-Raths wie auch Zeremonienmeisters und Präsidenten bei der Königl. Societät der Wissenschaften etc. eines höchst seltsamen und abenteuerlichen Mannes, Berlin 1795 (Nachdruck: Berliner Handpresse, Berlin 1980)
* Berlin, von seiner Entstehung bis auf gegenwärtige Zeit historisch-geographisch beschrieben. Nebst einigen Bemerkungen über Literatur, Sitten und Gebräuche seiner Einwohner, Dieterici, Berlin 1798
* Authentische Nachrichten von dem Leben und den Thaten George Freiherrn von Derfflinger,
# Huang Shanshan

Huang Shanshan (simplified Chinese: 黄珊汕; traditional Chinese: 黃珊汕; pinyin: Huáng Shānshàn; born January 18, 1986, in Fujian) is a female Chinese trampoline gymnast who won bronze in the individual competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics. In the 2012 Summer Olympics, she finished in second place.

## Career

At the 2003 Trampoline World Championships, Huang was the first Chinese trampolinist to make a world final, qualifying in third place and finishing eighth.
During the 2006 Trampoline World Cup, she won titles in two individual competitions held in Switzerland and Germany. At the 2008 Olympic Games, she failed to advance to the finals due to a fall in the qualification round.
In the 2012 Summer Olympics, she placed second in the preliminary and final competition winning a silver medal.

## Major achievements

* 1998 National Champion's Tournament: First team, second individual
* 1999 National Championship: First team/individual
* 1999 National Champion's Tournament: First team, third individual
* 1999 National Trampoline Championship, Tianjin: First women's team, fourth individual
* 1999 Trampoline World Age Group Championship, South Africa: Second, age group
* 2000 National Championship/National Champion's Tournament: First team, second individual
* 2001 National Championship: First team/individual
* 2001 National Champion's Tournament/National Games Finals: First team, eighth individual
* 2001 Trampoline World Youth Championship, Sydney: Second, individual
* 2001 Preliminaries of the 9th National Games (National Championship): First, individual
* 2001 Trampoline World Age Group Championship, Denmark: First, individual (in women's age group of 15-16)
* 2001 The Ninth National Games Finals: First, women's team
* 2002 National Championship: First synchronized (with Zheng Xiaojun)
* 2002 National Champion's Tournament: First team/individual
* 2003 Trampoline World Championships: Eighth, individual
* 2003 World Cup, France: Second individual
* 2003 World Championship, Germany: Second team, eighth individual
* 2004 Athens Olympics: Third, individual women's single jump, the first trampoline medal by a Chinese athlete in a trampoline event
* 2005 National Championship: First, team
* 2005 10th National Games: First, team/individual
* 2006 Trampoline World Cup: First, individual
* 2012 London Olympics: Silver
# Guatemala at the 2011 Parapan American Games

Guatemala will participate in the 2011 Parapan American Games.

## Athletics

Guatemala will send three male athletes to compete.

## Judo

Guatemala will send one male athlete to compete.

## Powerlifting

Guatemala will send one male athlete to compete.

## Wheelchair basketball

Guatemala will send a team of twelve male athletes and a team of ten female athletes to compete in the men's and women's tournaments.

## Wheelchair tennis

Guatemala will send one male athlete to compete.
# Elizabeth Wetmore

Elizabeth Wetmore may refer to:
* Elizabeth Bisland Wetmore, known as Elizabeth Bisland, American journalist and author
* Elizabeth Wetmore (novelist), American author and novelist
# Berlyn

Berlyn can refer to:
* Ivan Berlyn (1867-1934), British stage and film actor
* Michael Berlyn (b. 1949), American video game designer and writer
* Nigel Berlyn (1934–2022), Australian naval officer
* Berlyn (Ukraine), a village in Ukraine
* a character of the wrestler Alex Wright
# Dudamira

Dudamira is a genus of flies in the family Sepsidae.

## Species

* Dudamira abyssinica (Duda, 1926)
# Epipsestis renalis

Epipsestis renalis is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It is found in western India (Kangra, Dharmsala), Nepal, Hunan in China, Pakistan, Vietnam and Thailand.
The length of the forewings is about 15 mm. Adults are purplish brownish grey, the forewings with a slender, black, erect, sinuous antemedial line, and an outwardly-angulated postmedial line. Contiguous to the latter are two or three less distinct lines, followed by a more distinct submarginal denticulated line and a marginal row of short linear spots. Between the medial bands, the area is grey and the orbicular and reniform spots are pinkish, and both are bordered posteriorly by a raised tuft of brown scales. The hindwings are dusky brown.
# 1936 in Afghanistan

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
The following lists events that happened during 1936 in Afghanistan.
The chief control of affairs remains in the hands of the three uncles of the young king, Zahir Shah, who continue to work together in complete harmony. The country enjoys peace both internally and externally and makes further material progress. New motor roads are built in the Southern Province, and classes in practical agriculture are opened in Kabul under the guidance of a Japanese expert.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Mohammed Zahir Shah
* Prime Minister – Mohammad Hashim Khan

## January 1936

The minister of foreign affairs visits Turkey.

## Early 1936

Direct telegraphic communication is opened with Iran, the Afghan line being connected with the Iranian at Kalk Ala.

## April 1936

The American minister in Tehran visits Kabul to negotiate a treaty of friendship between the United States and Afghanistan, and about the same time the governor of the North-West Frontier Province visits Kabul to discuss frontier problems.

## June 1936

An agreement, virtually amounting to a trade agreement between the Soviet Union and Afghanistan, is concluded between the Afghanistan National Bank and the Soviet Trade Agency, by which arrangements are made for the barter of commodities between the two countries, with imports and exports balancing at a value of 10,500,000 gold dollars over a three-year period beginning on June 1. Afghanistan is to export cotton, wool, opium, and other commodities, and import kerosene, cotton seeds, linen goods, petrol, and sugar.

## July 1936

The minister of war visits London.

## November 1936

The prime minister visits Paris and Berlin.

## End of 1936

It is reported that the Afghan government has granted to the Inland Exploration Company of New York a 75-year concession for oil covering 270,000 square miles (700,000 km$^2$).
# Nandu Bhende

Nandu Bhende (27 November 1952 – 11 April 2014) was an Indian singer and actor.

## Life

Sadanand (Nandu) Bhende was the son of the Marathi actor-director Atmaram Bhende and Dr Asha Bhende (Born Lily Ezekiel Talkar of The Jewish Indian Bene Israel community). He was a theater artist, singer, music composer, music producer.
Bhende sang with 1970s bands such as Velvette Fogg, Brief Encounter and then Savage Encounter. He later went on to perform the roles of Judas in Alyque Padamsee's production of Jesus Christ Superstar and the role of Jesus in the Bangalore version of the same opera; this lead onto further roles in Tommy, Fantastiks and Jaya. He was also a playback singer in Bollywood films, his most famous work being in the 1982 musical "Disco Dancer", for which he received a Gold Disc. His maternal uncle was the noted Indian Jewish poet Nissim Ezekiel (Talkar).
He died on 11 April 2014 at Mumbai.
# Calydiscoides

Calydiscoides is a genus of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, included in the family Diplectanidae.
The genus currently includes 16 species, which are all parasitic on the gills of marine fish of the family Lethrinidae and Nemipteridae. All species are from the Indo-Pacific Ocean. The type-species of the genus is Calydiscoides australis Young, 1969.

## Morphology

All species of Calydiscoides are small animals, ranging 0.5–1 mm in length.
As with most monogeneans, they are flat, with an anterior head bearing four oculi and head glands, a main elongate body and a posterior haptor. The digestive system includes an anterior muscular pharynx, and two lateral intestinal branches (or caeca); as in all Platyhelminthes, there is no anus. The haptor, in the posterior part of the body, is a specialized organ used to attach to the host. The haptor includes sclerotized elements, namely a ventral bar, two lateral (dorsal) bars, two ventral hooks, and two dorsal hooks, and fourteen hooklets. As in most diplectanids, the haptor bears characteristic, structures called squamodiscs (one ventral and one dorsal).
The squamodiscs of species of Calydiscoides are special: they are lamellodiscs, which are made up of concentric lamellae, not separate rodlets as in regular squamodiscs. The diameter of the lamellodiscs range 25–60 μm. When observed from its concentric axis (ventral or dorsal observation of the specimen, 'polar' view of the lamellodisc), the lamellodisc appears as concentric circles. Generally, central lamellae are circles, but peripheral lamellae may be circles or semicircles.
Adults are hermaphroditic. The reproductive organ include a single ovary and a single testis. As in all diplectanids, the ovary (or germarium) is anterior to the testis and loops around the right intestinal caecum. Species of Calydiscoides are characterized by a sclerotized male copulatory organ, which is used in systematics to differentiate species.

## Systematics

The characteristics of the lamellodisc, without paired elements, is the main character which differentiate Calydiscoides from other genera of the family Diplectanidae. Relationships of Calydiscoides Young, 1969 with Protolamellodiscus Oliver, 1969 are not clear; the two genera were described almost simultaneously, and it might be that they are synonym.

## Hosts

Hosts of species of Calydiscoides are only members of the families Nemipteridae (threadfin breams) and Lethrinidae (emperors). These families are restricted to the Indo-Pacific Ocean. Lethrinids known to harbour Calydiscoides species include Lethrinus miniatus, Lethrinus nebulosus and Lethrinus atkinsoni; nemipterids include Nemipterus japonicus, Scolopsis temporalis, Scolopsis monogramma, Scolopsis margaritifera and Pentapodus aureofasciatus. In all cases, species of Calydiscoides were only found on the gills of the fish.

## List of species

List according to the World Register of Marine Species
# Hermann Julius Grüneberg

Hermann Julius Grüneberg (11 April 1827 – 7 June 1894) was a German chemist and inventor, and together with Julius Vorster the founder of the Chemische Fabrik Kalk.

## Biography

Grüneberg was born on 11 April 1827 in Stettin, Province of Pomerania, Prussia, now Szczecin, the capital city of West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. He was the second of six children of the master organ builder August Wilhelm Grüneberg and his wife Caroline Henriette née Breslich from Cammin. One of his brothers was Barnim Grüneberg, who took over his father's organ building business. He died on 7 June 1894 in Cologne, German Empire where he was buried in the Melaten Cemetery.

## Honours

A school, the Grüneberg-Schule, and a street, Grünebergstraße, in Kalk, a district of Cologne, are named after him.
# Epipsestis meilingchani

Epipsestis meilingchani is a moth of the family Drepanidae first described by Gyula M. László and Gábor Ronkay in 2000. It is found in Taiwan.
The wingspan is 32–37 mm. Adults are on wing from October to the end of February.
# Guibourtia conjugata

Guibourtia conjugata is a species of small to medium-sized trees from family Fabaceae that can be found in Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The plants are growing in woods and along the river banks of Limpopo and Mpumalanga. The plant is 9 meters tall, with the leaves that can range from 3–5 cm in length and are ovated and a bit curved. The plant's flowers are either white or yellow coloured and are 5 mm in diameter. Their apex is rounded and is hairless.