OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chester (disambiguation)

Chester is a city in Cheshire, England.
Chester may also refer to:

## Places
### Canada

* Chester, Nova Scotia
* Municipality of the District of Chester, Nova Scotia
* Chester (TTC), a subway station in Toronto
* Rural Municipality of Chester No. 125, Saskatchewan

### Ireland

* Chester Beatty Library, Dublin

### United Kingdom

* Chester (district), an administrative area of Cheshire (1974–2009)
* Chester-le-Street, County Durham

### United States

* Chester, Arkansas
* Chester, California, in Plumas County
* Chester, Connecticut
* Chester, Georgia
* Chester, Idaho
* Chester, Illinois
* Chester, Indiana
* Chester, Iowa
* Chester, Maine
* Chester, Maryland
* Chester, Massachusetts, a New England town
** Chester (CDP), Massachusetts, the main village in the town
* Chester, Minnesota
* Chester, Mississippi
* Chester, Montana
* Chester, Nebraska
* Chester, New Hampshire
* Chester, Orange County, New York
** Chester (village), New York
* Chester, Warren County, New York
* Chester, Ohio
* Chester, Oklahoma
* Chester, Pennsylvania
* Chester, South Carolina
* Chester, South Dakota
* Chester, Texas
* Chester, Vermont
* Chester (CDP), Vermont
* Chester, Virginia
* Chester (Homeville, Virginia), listed on the NRHP in Virginia
* Chester, West Virginia
* Chester, Wisconsin
* Chester Borough, New Jersey

## Animals

* Chester (horse), an Australian racehorse and sire (1874–1888)
* Chester Cheetah, the mascot for the snack food Cheetos
* Chester White, a breed of domestic pig from Pennsylvania

## Arts and entertainment

* Chester (band), a Canadian bubblegum pop band, active primarily from 1972 to 1975
* Chester (album), by Josh Rouse
* "Chester" (song), an American Revolutionary War anthem composed by William Billings

## Ships

* Chester-class cruiser
* HMS Chester, disambiguation page
* USS Chester (CA-27), a heavy cruiser commissioned in 1930
* USS Chester (CL-1), a light cruiser in service from 1908 to 1921

## Other uses

* Chester F.C., a football club based in Chester, England
* ChesterBus, a bus operator in Cheshire, England
* Chester (given name)
* Chester (surname)
* Chester (placename element)
* Earl of Chester, another title of the Prince of Wales
* City of Chester (UK Parliament constituency) a constituency of the UK Parliament
# List of moths of Great Britain (Limacodidae)

The family Limacodidae is mostly tropical, but has two representatives in Great Britain:
* Apoda limacodes, festoon — south, east (not south-west) (Nationally Scarce B)
* Heterogenea asella, triangle — south, east (Red Data Book)
# Leonard Doncaster

Leonard Doncaster (31 December 1877 – 28 May 1920) was an English geneticist and a lecturer on zoology at both Birmingham University and the University of Liverpool whose research work was largely based on insects.

## Early life

Doncaster was born on 31 December 1877 in Abbeydale, Sheffield. His father was Samuel Doncaster, an iron merchant, of Abbeydale, Sheffield, Yorkshire.

## Career

After education at Leighton Park School in Reading South England he studied at King's College, Cambridge, from 1896 onward. He was Scholar of natural sciences in 1898, and Walsingham Medallist in 1902. In June 1902 he was appointed assistant to the Superintendent of the Cambridge University Museum of Zoology, From 1906-10 he was a Lecturer in Zoology at Birmingham University.
He was an early Mendelian geneticist who discovered sex linkage, while writing up breeding experiment results of the Reverend G.H. Raynor on the magpie moth Abraxas grossulariata published in 1906. He wrote a number of books on Mendelian genetics and on sex determination. His book Heredity in the Light of Recent Research (1910), is notable for explicitly dismissing Lamarckian inheritance. In 1909 he returned to Cambridge University and acted as Superintendent of the Museum of Zoology from 1909 to 1914. He became University Lecturer in Zoology in 1914 and won the Trail Medal of Linneaean Society in 1915. In 1915, he was also elected to the Royal Society of London.
During the First World War he served as a bacteriologist to the First Eastern General Hospital, Cambridge, and later in the Friends' Ambulance Unit at Dunkirk, as he was a Quaker.
After WWI he was Professor of Zoology at Liverpool University from 1919 until his death in 1920. He died at age 42 of sarcoma in Liverpool. William Bateson wrote his obituary in Nature.

## Publications

* Heredity in the Light of Recent Research (1910)
* A review of Heredity and Memory by James Ward (1912)
* The Determination of Sex (1914)
* Some Scientific Difficulties in the Way of Religious Belief (1916)
* An Introduction to the Study of Cytology (1920)
# George Fleetwood (Tavistock MP)

Sir George Fleetwood (1564 – 21 December 1620) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1586 and 1611.
Fleetwood was a younger son of Thomas Fleetwood of The Vache, Chalfont St Giles, Buckinghamshire, and his second wife, Bridget Spring, daughter of Sir John Spring of Lavenham, Suffolk. He was educated at New Inn and was at Middle Temple in 1580. He inherited the Vache estate in Buckinghamshire from his father.
In 1586, he was elected Member of Parliament for Wycombe. He was a J.P. for Buckinghamshire from about 1586 and High Sheriff of Buckinghamshire for 1590–91. He was a gentleman pensioner from 1597 until his death. He was knighted in 1603 and in 1604 elected MP for Tavistock.
Fleetwood married Katherine Denny, daughter of Henry Denny, dean of Chester, and his wife Honora Grey, daughter of William Grey, 13th Baron Grey de Wilton and Lady Mary Somerset on 19 April 1586. According to the History of Parliament Online, she was "the relative and probably ward of Sir Francis Walsingham", spymaster to Queen Elizabeth. They had eight sons and six daughters. He was the brother of Henry Fleetwood and William Fleetwood. His seventh son was James Fleetwood, Bishop of Worcester. Via his son Charles (died 1628) he had a grandson named after him, George Fleetwood (1623–1672), who was an English major-general and one of the regicides of King Charles I of England.
# Kai Chang

Kai Chang (born January 29, 2000) is a Jamaican discus thrower. He won the IAAF 2018 World U20 championships and has stamped his class at numerous international events in his career.

## Career

Chang won the Jamaica Athletics Administrative Association (JAAA) Junior Championships and then on July 15, 2018, with a personal best of 62.36m Chang won the gold medal for the discus at the 2018 IAAF World U20 Championships to become World Junior Champion.
In April 2021, Chang threw over 60m for the first time as a senior, and then improved to a personal best of 62.60 at the Jamaican National Stadium in Kingston. He later threw an improved personal best of 63.33 in June 2021, at the NACAC New Life Invitational in Florida. Chang ended the season with a PR of 64.49m, ranking him as the second best in his country for the 2021 season.
He won the discus throw gold medal in the 2021 NACAC U23 Championships.
# Mut Wind Farm

Mut Wind Farm is a wind power plant consisting of eleven wind turbines situated on Mt. Magras in Özlü in the Mut district of Mersin Province in southern Turkey. The wind farm went into service in 2010.

## Geography

The farm is constructed on Mount Magras, a part of Toros Mountains range to the north of Mut district in Mersin Province. Mount Magras is actually the top of a 1,370 m (4,490 ft) canyon to the south of Göksu River valley and the town of Göksu. The wind turbines are erected just to the northeast of the village Özlü and the farm is sometimes called the Özlü Wind Farm.

## Technical details

There are eleven turbines each 80 m (260 ft) high with rotor diameter of 90 m (300 ft). Maximum power output of each turbine is 3 MW and the total annual energy production is about 100 MWh. The energy is fed to Gezende Dam situated about 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Mut wind farm.

## Project

The US$50 million project was carried out by Ağaoğlu Energy Group, and it is further planned to increase the number of turbines to 40.
# Bischheim

Bischheim may refer to:
* Bischheim, Germany, a municipality in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
* Bischheim, a village in the municipality of Haselbachtal, Saxony, Germany
* Bischheim, Bas-Rhin, a municipality in Alsace, France
* Canton of Bischheim, a former canton in Alsace, France
# Bischler–Möhlau indole synthesis

The Bischler–Möhlau indole synthesis, also often referred to as the Bischler indole synthesis, is a chemical reaction that forms a 2-aryl-indole from an α-bromo-acetophenone and excess aniline; it is named after August Bischler and Richard Möhlau [de] .
Despite its long history, this classical reaction had received relatively little attention in comparison with other methods for indole synthesis, owing to the reactions harsh conditions, poor yields and unpredictable regioselectivity. Recently, milder methods have been developed, including the use of lithium bromide as a catalyst and an improved procedure involving the use of microwave irradiation.

## History

What is now known as the Bischler-Möhlau indole synthesis was discovered and formulated through the separate, but complimentary, findings of German Scientist Richard Möhlau in 1882 and Russia-born German chemist August Bischler (with partner H. Brion) in 1892. These two researchers did not collaborate with each other, but instead independently developed very similar procedures starting from an aromatic ketone structure with an excess of some aniline and ultimately producing a product. The images below depict the original indole synthesis equations written by Möhlau and Bischler, respectively:
Indole Synthesis :
| Bischler | C$_6$H$_5$COCH$_2$Br + NH$_3$ = C$_8$H$_7$N +HBr + H$_2$O |
| Möhlau | C$_6$H$_5$COCH$_2$Cl + NH3 = C$_6$H$_5$CNCH$_2$ + HCl + H2O |
| (equation notation written as seen in the original articles) ||
Being that both scientists had published their works for indole synthesis within the same decade, the general indole synthesis process was given the name Bischler-Möhlau indole synthesis.
This original procedure for the indole synthesis is known to have inconsistent results and yields, but has been modified into new indole synthesis procedures:
* Buu-Hoï Modified Indole Synthesis
* Blackhall and Thomson Modified Indole Synthesis
* Japp and Murray Modified Indole Synthesis

## Reaction mechanism

The first two step involve the reaction of the α-bromo-acetophenone with molecules of aniline to form intermediate 4. The charged aniline forms a decent enough leaving group for an electrophilic cyclization to form intermediate 5, which quickly aromatizes and tautomerizes to give the desired indole 7.
# Bishop O'Connell

Bishop O'Connell may refer to:

## Catholic bishops in the United States

* Anthony O'Connell (1938–2012), a confessed child molester who served as a cleric, and the first Bishop of Knoxville, Tennessee
* Bishop Denis J. O'Connell (1849–1927), bishop of the diocese of Richmond, Virginia
* David M. O'Connell (born 1955), bishop of the Diocese of Trenton
* David G. O'Connell (1953–2023), auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles

## Other meanings

* Bishop O'Connell High School, parochial secondary school in Arlington, Virginia
# Birmingham Political Union

The Birmingham Political Union (General Political Union) was a grass roots pressure group in Great Britain during the 1830s. It was founded by Thomas Attwood, a banker interested in monetary reform. Its platform called for extending and redistributing suffrage rights to the working class, of the kind set out in the Reform Bill of March 1831 which when passed became the Reform Act 1832. It included both middle-class and working-class members.

## Early years

The Union was founded at the end of 1829; its first public meeting was on 25 January 1830 and was attended by a large number of people, variously estimated as anywhere between 10,000 and 15,000 people. Its stated aim was to campaign for reform of the House of Commons, politically combining "the efforts of the two "industrious classes" of the nation, that is, the middle and lower… who had been deceived into attacking and blaming each other for their sufferings".
Other manufacturing towns in Britain began to follow Birmingham's example and over 100 Political Unions were formed.The Birmingham Political Union was looked upon as a model ‘due to its size, its good organisation, its unified class structure and Attwood’s articulate and sincere leadership’. The Political Unions' demands were:
* Widening the right to vote to include all men who paid taxes;
* Shorter term Parliaments – with the aim of increasing MPs' accountability to their constituents;
* The abolition of property qualifications for MPs and the introduction of payment of MPs – since the system in place at the time meant that only rich people could afford to become MPs.

## Methods

Unlike some other radical political organisations of the period, the Birmingham Political Union used mainly law-abiding, non-violent methods. However, the organisation had a large membership, and the government of the time feared the consequences if it took up arms; during the Days of May in 1832, when 200,000 people attended a meeting of the Union, rumours that the Union would take up arms contributed to the pressure on the House of Lords to pass the 1832 Reform Act.

## Later

After the successful passage of the Reform Act, the Birmingham Political Union disbanded. The Union’s working class supporters "felt betrayed and frustrated by the Reform Act's failure to give them the vote". The proceedings of the fourth annual meeting of the Union in September 1833 show clear signs of this frustration: "The Council are...compelled to acknowledge that the Reformed Parliament has disappointed the expectation of the people...The Reform Bill has had its trial, but what has been the fruit which it has produced?". The Union demands would soon thereafter be picked up in the six points of the People’s Charter.
Although there were attempts to get it going again in relation to various campaigns, in April 1839 the Union's council was suspended indefinitely.
# Bipartisan Sportsmen's Act of 2014

The Bipartisan Sportsmen's Act of 2014 (S. 2363) is a bill related to hunting, fishing, and outdoor recreation in the United States.
The bill was introduced into the United States Senate during the 113th United States Congress.

## Background

Thirteen different bills were identified as "related bills" to the Bipartisan Sportsmen's Act of 2014, including the Permanent Electronic Duck Stamp Act of 2013 (passed in the House on June 3, 2013) and the Sportsmen’s Heritage And Recreational Enhancement Act of 2013 (H.R. 3590; 113th Congress) (passed in the House on February 5, 2014).

## Provisions

* The bill would "exempt ammunition and fishing tackle that contain lead from being regulated by the Toxic Substances Control Act.
* The bill would allow states to issue electronic duck stamps, instead of forcing hunters to wait for physical stamps.
* The bill would provide grants for wetland conservation.

## Procedural history

The Bipartisan Sportsmen's Act of 2014 was introduced into the United States Senate on May 20, 2014 by Sen. Kay Hagan (D-NC). The bill was not referred to any Senate committees.

## Debate and discussion

The Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation urged members to support the bill, saying that it considers the bill "to be of vital importance for conservation, wildlife, and sportsmen and women." The Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation said that they supported the bill because it "protects the use of traditional ammunition, allows more flexibility for federal funds to be used to build and maintain ranges on public lands and ensures access to federal lands for hunting, shooting and other outdoor activities."
Senator Roger Wicker (R-MS) supported the bill, saying that "Mississippians know the importance of efforts to preserve our natural resources for future generations." Senator Thad Cochran (R-MS) also supported the bill, arguing that the bill "deserves broad support for its policies and reforms that will protect and enhance opportunities to hunt, fish and enjoy the outdoors." The National Shooting Sports Foundation (NSSF) supported the bill and thanked Cochran for his support, saying that "Senator Cochran's advocacy will help in the fight to promote, preserve, and protect our cherished outdoor heritage and defend against the radical anti-hunting activists determined to derail this important legislation."
The Animal Welfare Institute opposed the bill, calling it "an attack on our nation's wild animals and habitat." According to the organization, the bill would "eliminate the Environmental Protection Agency's authority under the Toxic Substances Control Act to regulate hazardous substances - including lead, a dangerous neurotoxin - released by ammunition and sport fishing waste."
# Bishop Byrne High School

Bishop Byrne High School may refer to:
* Bishop Byrne High School (Tennessee) - Memphis, Tennessee
* Bishop Byrne High School (Texas) - Port Arthur, Texas
# Bittium impendens

Bittium impendens is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cerithiidae.

## Description

Shell size 3-4 mm.

## Distribution

Coral Sea-Cairns, Queensland, Australia.
# Bjørn Erik Sandsten

Bjørn Erik Sandsten is a Norwegian handball player.
He made his debut on the Norwegian national team in 1958, and played 21 matches for the national team between 1958 and 1966. He participated at the 1961 World Men's Handball Championship.
# Bird singing contest

A bird singing contest is a competition of songbirds, usually caged examples of wild species. Such contests are held in at least 22 countries of the world, and at least 36 different species are used in this way. The practice is particularly widespread in Southeast Asia, where it increases trade in songbirds and may contribute to the decline of threatened species.

## Americas

The bird singing contest is a popular sport in Guyana, while in Brazil singing contests featuring the chestnut-bellied seed finch (curió in Portuguese) are held.

## Asia

In Southern China, it is a common sight to witness the elderly people bringing the cages of Chinese hwamei to the local parks to enjoy their singing. In Japan, there are nationwide societies to exchange information on improving singing of the warbling white-eye and other birds.
In Indonesia, hundreds of songbird competitions are held all over the country every year. In Thailand, bird singing contests are also held frequently. The practice of wild species caged in is particularly widespread in Southeast Asia, where it increases trade in songbirds and may contribute to the decline of threatened species.

## Europe

In Belgium, vinkensport is a contest of how many bird calls are made per hour by chaffinches.
# It's Impossible

It's Impossible may refer to:
# Dallay

Dallay is a French philatelic editor established in Paris. Dallay has published stamp catalogs since 2001.
The catalogs list postage stamps issued by France and other francophone areas: metropolitan France, French overseas territories, French post in Andorra and Monaco. In late 2005, Dallay published a catalog for the French former colonial empire.
The catalogs provide detailed information about the stamps, such as, stamp designers' names, postal use at the time of issue, etc.
In 2004, Dallay was convicted by a court of justice of forgery and unfair competition for the use of Yvert numbering system which was first used in 1895. In March 2005, after arbitration by the French Conseil de la Concurrence (Competition Commission), Yvert et Tellier began to license the right to print an index of Yvert stamp numbers at the back of competitors' catalogs. Dallay began using the index starting with the 2005-2006 edition.
# Leuculopsis

Leuculopsis is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.
# List of songs recorded by Audioslave

A list of songs recorded by American rock supergroup Audioslave.

## List

All songs written by Chris Cornell, Tom Morello, Tim Commerford, and Brad Wilk.
Key :
| † | Indicates song released as a single |
Name of song, original release, producer(s), and year of release. :
| Song | Original release | Producer(s) | Year |
| "#1 Zero" | Out of Exile | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |
| "Be Yourself" † | Out of Exile | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |
| "Bring Em Back Alive" | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "Broken City" | Revelations | Brendan O'Brien | 2006 |
| "Cochise" † | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "The Curse" | Out of Exile | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |
| "Dandelion" | Out of Exile | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |
| "Doesn't Remind Me" † | Out of Exile | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |
| "Drown Me Slowly" | Out of Exile | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |
| "Exploder" | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "Gasoline" | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "Getaway Car" | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "Give" † | Non-album single | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2003 |
| "Heaven's Dead" | Out of Exile | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |
| "Hypnotize" | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "I Am the Highway" † | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "Jewel of the Summertime" | Revelations | Brendan O'Brien | 2006 |
| "The Last Remaining Light" | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "Light My Way" | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "Like a Stone" † | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "Man or Animal" | Out of Exile | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |
| "Moth" | Revelations | Brendan O'Brien | 2006 |
| "Nothing Left to Say But Goodbye" | Revelations | Brendan O'Brien | 2006 |
| "One and the Same" | Revelations | Brendan O'Brien | 2006 |
| "Original Fire" | Revelations | Brendan O'Brien | 2006 |
| "Out of Exile" † | Out of Exile | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |
| "Revelations" † | Revelations | Brendan O'Brien | 2006 |
| "Set It Off" | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "Shadow on the Sun" | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "Shape of Things to Come" | Revelations | Brendan O'Brien | 2006 |
| "Show Me How to Live" † | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "Somedays" | Revelations | Brendan O'Brien | 2006 |
| "Sound of a Gun" | Revelations | Brendan O'Brien | 2006 |
| "Super Stupid" | Non-album single B-side to "Be Yourself" | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |
| "Until We Fall" | Revelations | Brendan O'Brien | 2006 |
| "We Got the Whip" | Non-album single B-side to "Cochise" | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "What You Are" † | Audioslave | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2002 |
| "Wide Awake" | Revelations | Brendan O'Brien | 2006 |
| "The Worm" | Out of Exile | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |
| "Yesterday to Tomorrow" | Out of Exile | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |
| "Your Time Has Come" † | Out of Exile | Audioslave Rick Rubin | 2005 |