OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Governagiri

Governagiri is a village in Ottapidaram taluk Thoothukudi District Tamil Nadu India.

## Geography

Governagiri is located at a distance of 4 km from Ottapidaram, 2 km from Panchalankurichi, 33 km from Thoothukudi, 44 km from Tirunelveli and 128 km from Madurai.

## Notable personalities

* Veeran Sundaralinga Kudumbanar
# Kaernefia

Kaernefia is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. It has three species, found in Australia or South Africa.

## Taxonomy

Kaernefia was circumscribed in 2013 by Sergey Kondratyuk, John Elix, Arne Thell, and Jae-Seoun Hur, based on a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family Teloschistaceae. They assigned Kaernefia kaernefeltii as the type species of the new genus. The generic name honours their colleague, Swedish lichenologist Ingvar Kärnefelt, for "his many contributions to lichenology, in particular lichens of the Teloschistaceae and Parmeliaceae".

## Description

Species in Kaernefia have a poorly developed, indistinct thallus comprising tiny granules or granule-like isidia. It ranges in colour from yellow, to orange to greenish orange or brownish orange. It produces lecanorine apothecia with a thick margin. Lichen products reported from the genus include parietin and O-methylvioxanthin as major compounds, and trace amounts of fallacinal, teloschistin and atranorin.

## Species

All three species of Kaernefia were previously classified in the genus Caloplaca.
* Kaernefia albocrenulata (S.Y. Kondr. & V. Wirth) S.Y.Kondr., A.Thell, Elix, Jung Kim, A.S.Kondr. & Hur (2013) – South Africa
* Kaernefia gilfillaniorum (Kantvilas & S.Y. Kondr.) S.Y.Kondr., A.Thell, Elix, Jung Kim, A.S.Kondr. & Hur (2013) – Australia
* Kaernefia kaernefeltii (S.Y. Kondr., Elix & A. Thell) S.Y.Kondr., A.Thell, Elix, Jung Kim, A.S.Kondr. & Hur (2013) – Australia
# Benzylbutylbarbiturate

Benzylbutylbarbiturate (5-benzyl-5-n-butylbarbituric acid) is a rare example of a barbiturate designer drug, possibly the only such compound encountered in recent years.
It was confiscated by police in Japan in 2000, and presumably was a product of clandestine manufacture as this compound has never previously been sold as a legal pharmaceutical. As with all designer drugs, this compound was produced in an attempt to circumvent drug laws prohibiting the use of most known barbiturate drugs; however, as the drug laws in many jurisdictions (including Japan) prohibit "any 5,5-disubstituted derivative of barbituric acid", this compound was deemed to be already illegal, despite being a novel compound which had not previously been encountered.
This compound was known from the scientific literature and so was not a new chemical entity.
# Charles Hudson (climber)

Charles Hudson (4 October 1828 – 14 July 1865) was an Anglican chaplain and mountain climber from Skillington, Lincolnshire, England.

## Biography

Educated at St Peter's School, York, Hudson was one of the most important climbers of the golden age of alpinism. An immensely strong walker, he claimed amongst his climbs the first ascent of Monte Rosa in 1855, the first official ascent of Mont Blanc du Tacul in 1855, the first completed passage of the Mönchjoch in 1858, the first ascent of Mont Blanc by the Goûter route (incomplete) in 1859 with E. S. Kennedy and party, and the second ascent of the Aiguille Verte (the first by the Moine ridge) in 1865 (with T. S. Kennedy and Michel Croz). He is also considered a pioneer of English guideless climbing in the western Alps, having made the first guideless ascent of Mont Blanc in 1855 and a guideless ascent of the Breithorn.

## Matterhorn accident

During the first ascent of the Matterhorn on 14 July 1865 Hudson was killed in a notorious accident during the descent. Edward Whymper was planning to climb the mountain with Lord Francis Douglas, when he heard that Hudson (together with Michel Croz) had the same objective. Whymper wrote:
   Lord Francis Douglas and I dined at the Monte Rosa hotel, and had just finished when Mr. Hudson and a friend entered the salle à manger. They had returned from inspecting the mountain and some idlers in the room demanded their intentions. We heard a confirmation of Croz's statement, and learned that Mr. Hudson intended to set off on the morrow at the same hour as ourselves. We left the room to consult, and agreed that it was undesirable for two independent parties to be on the same mountain at the same time with the same object. Mr Hudson was therefore invited to join us, and he accepted our proposal. Before admitting his friend—Mr. Hadow—I took the precaution of asking what he had done in the Alps, and, as well as I remember, Mr. Hudson's reply was, "Mr. Hadow has done Mont Blanc in less time than most men."
The accident occurred because Hadow slipped on the descent not far from the summit, pulling Croz, Hudson and Douglas down the north face of the mountain; the rope between these four and the other three members of the party (Whymper and the two Zermatt guides named Peter Taugwalder, father and son), snapped, saving them from the same fate. Some have blamed Hudson for insisting on the presence of the inexperienced Hadow in the party, and for not checking the quality of the rope or the boots Hadow was wearing.
Hudson's body was retrieved from the Matterhorn glacier and was buried in the Zermatt churchyard.
# Ladislav Jirků

Ladislav Jirků (4 June 1946 – 16 August 2020) was a Czech academic and politician who served as a Deputy.
# Charles Bukeko

Charles Bukeko (10 July 1962 – 18 July 2020) was a Kenyan actor and comedian. He was known for portraying the titular character in the television series Papa Shirandula, which he also created and won the 2010 Kalasha Award for Best Actor in a TV Series. Bukeko also appeared in the 2012 film The Captain of Nakara. Bukeko died on July 18, 2020, from what seemed like COVID-19 symptoms. All of his comedy programmes were dominantly aired by the Kenyan Citizen Television, and none of his fans, both children and adults would dare to miss any of his series.

## Early life and education

Bukeko was the firstborn of four children to parents Valeria Makokha and Cosmas Wafula. He was born in Busia, Kenya. Bukeko attended Jogoo Road Primary School and proceeded to Upper Hill Secondary, a Middle school in Nairobi, where he got his Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE).

## Personal life

Bukeko was married to Beatrice Ebbie Andega and they had three children: Tony, Charlie and Wendy. Bukeko had diabetes. He died in the Karen hospital in Nairobi, Kenya, on 18 July 2020, after contracting COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya. He was 58, dying eight days after his birthday.

## Filmography

* The Constant Gardener (2005)
* Malooned! (2007)
* The Captain of Nakara (2012)
# General Fuchs

General Fuchs may refer to:
* Georg Fuchs (general) (1856―1939), Prussian General of the Infantry
* Robert Fuchs (general) (1895–1977), German Luftwaffe major general
* Yehuda Fuchs (born 1969), Israel Defense Forces major general
# George Charles Wallich

George Charles Wallich (16 November 1815 – 31 March 1899) was a British medical doctor, marine biologist and professional photographer. He was born in Calcutta where his father, the Danish naturalist Nathaniel Wallich, was Superintendent of the Royal Botanical Gardens. As a Surgeon-Major in the Indian Medical Service, he served 'during the Sutlej and Punjab campaigns, and also during the Santhal rebellion of 1855–56. He retired from the service in 1858.' In 1860 he accompanied Sir Leopold M'Clintock aboard the Bulldog on a voyage across the North Atlantic to survey the sea-bottom for the laying of the proposed trans-Atlantic cable. He won the Linnean Medal in 1898 'in recognition of the valuable work accomplished by him in connection with the exploration of the fauna of the deep sea' (St James's Gazette, 16 April 1898).
# Georg Schneider (footballer, born 1959)

Georg Schneider (born 4 October 1959) is a German former footballer who played as a midfielder.

## Career

Schneider made his professional debut for SC Freiburg in the 2. Bundesliga on 13 February 1982, coming on as a substitute in the 58th minute for Adalbert Grzelak against Fortuna Köln. The home match at the Dreisamstadion in Freiburg im Breisgau finished as a 3–1 win. In total, Schneider made 14 appearances for Freiburg during the 1981–82 season.
# Large number (disambiguation)

A large number or the largest number are terms that may refer to:
* Large numbers, for notations to exactly specify very large numbers
* Names of large numbers, for the largest numbers with names

## In mathematics and physics

* Infinity, a concept which can be used as a largest number in some contexts
* Graham's number, once claimed as the largest number ever used in a serious mathematical proof
* Largest known prime number, for the largest known primes
* Dirac large numbers hypothesis, for cosmology.

## In computing

* Arbitrary-precision arithmetic
* The constant 127, 32767, 2147483647, or 9223372036854775807, in a byte, a word of 16, 32, or 64 bits in two's-complement format
* The constant 255, 65535, 4294967295, or 18446744073709551615, in a byte, a word of 16, 32, or 64 bits with no sign bit
* The constant 3.4028235e+38 or 1.7976931348623157e+308, in a word of 32 or 64 bits using the binary IEEE 754-2008 floating-point representation
# 2000 Commonwealth Youth Games

The 2000 Commonwealth Youth Games, officially known as the I Commonwealth Youth Games, and commonly known as Edinburgh 2000, a regional sporting event that was held from 10 to 14 August 2000 in the Scottish capital of Edinburgh.

## Sports

The following sports were included in the 2000 games:
* Athletics (details)
* Fencing (details)
* Gymnastics (details)
* Field hockey (details)
* Squash (details)
* Swimming (details)
* Tennis (details)
* Weightlifting (details)

## Medal count

This is the full table of the medal count of these Games. These rankings sort by the number of gold medals earned by a country. The number of silvers is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze. If, after the above, countries are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically. This follows the system used by the IOC, IAAF and BBC.
* Host nation (Scotland)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | England (ENG) | 36 | 41 | 18 | 95 |
| 2 | Australia (AUS) | 36 | 27 | 23 | 86 |
| 3 | Nauru (NRU) | 17 | 1 | 0 | 18 |
| 4 | South Africa (SAF) | 13 | 25 | 28 | 66 |
| 5 | New Zealand (NZL) | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| 6 | Scotland (SCO)* | 3 | 7 | 22 | 32 |
| 7 | Malaysia (MAS) | 1 | 3 | 5 | 9 |
| 8 | Canada (CAN) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 9 | Wales (WAL) | 0 | 5 | 3 | 8 |
| 10 | Northern Ireland (NIR) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Totals (10 entries) | Totals (10 entries) | 113 | 112 | 100 | 325 |
# Kaerugo-ike Dam

Kaerugo-ike Dam (Japanese: 蛙子池) is an earthfill dam located in Kagawa Prefecture in Japan used for both flood control and irrigation. Its construction was completed in 1960. The catchment area is 2.4 km$^2$, and the dam's impoundment covers 9 ha when full at 634,000 m$^3$ of water.
# Babka (disambiguation)

Babka is a sweet braided bread or cake of Ashkenazi Jewish origin, filled with a variety of sweet or savory fillings.
Babka may also refer to:
* Baba (cake), or babka, a type of Easter bread popular in Eastern Europe often containing raisins
* Potato babka, a savoury Belarusian dish made from potato
* Babka (fish), a genus of fish, of which the sole member is the racer goby
* Babka (river), a river in Russia
* Babka (surname)
# Bernard Ward (sailor)

Bernard Ward (born 1918) was a Bermudian sailor. He competed in the Dragon event at the 1956 Summer Olympics.
# Lock Haven Formation

The Lock Haven Formation is a Devonian mapped bedrock unit in Pennsylvania, in the Appalachian Mountains of the United States.

## Description

The Lock Haven is gray to green-brown sandstone, siltstone, and shale and is over 400 million years old. It is located in northcentral Pennsylvania.

### Stratigraphy

The Lock Haven may underlie various members of the Catskill Formation, although it may be a lateral equivalent of the Sherman Creek or Irish Valley Members of the Catskill. It is also a lateral equivalent of the Foreknobs Formation and underlying Scherr Formation. The Brallier Formation usually underlies the Lock Haven.
The Minnehaha Springs Member (originally proposed as a member of the Scherr Formation) is a "clastic bundle" consisting of interbedded medium gray siltstone and olive gray shale with some grayish-red siltstone and shale and some sandstone. It is interpreted as turbidites. This member is proposed to define the base of the Lock Haven Formation.

### Notable Exposures

* Pine Creek Gorge
* Leberfinger Quarry, near Forksville in Sullivan County, Pennsylvania. Fossils at this location include Brachiopods and carbonized plant fossils, while trace fossils include Cruziana, Arenicolites, and Rhizocorallium.
# Lacina

Lacina is both a masculine and female given name and a surname. Notable people with that name include:

## Given name

* Lacina Traoré (born 1990), Ivorian footballer

## Surname

* Corbin Lacina (born 1970), American football player and sports broadcaster
* Ferdinand Lacina (born 1942), Austrian politician
* Jan Lacina (born 1970), Czech politician
* Joe Lacina (born 1985), American artist, curator, and designer
* Patricia A. Lacina (born 1960), American diplomat
* Petr Lacina (born 1973), Czech judoka
* Sarah Lacina, American police officer
* Vladek Lacina (born 1949), Czech rower
# Lake Alice (Wyoming)

The 3 miles (4.8 km) long, 7,745 feet (2,361 m) elevation, 230-acre (93-hectare), and 200 feet (61 m) max depth Lake Alice is the largest natural lake found in the western portion of the Bridger-Teton National Forest in the state of Wyoming. It is a unique lake that was created thousands of years ago when a massive landslide peeled from the 9,325-foot (2,842 m) Lake Mountain and dammed Poker Creek with debris. The lake's outlet flows below the surface through the natural dam and emerges from the mountain as a creek 1 mile (1.6 km) away. The mountainside scar from the landslide is still visible today. Lake Alice is the home of the only known pure lake strain of naturally reproducing Bonneville cutthroat trout caused by the isolation of the landslide preventing outside genetic influence. At one time the subspecies was thought to be extinct in Wyoming.
The nearest city is Cokeville, Wyoming about 34 miles (55 km) to the southwest. Access to the lake requires traversing a winding 28-mile (45 km) dirt mountain road, and fording a creek with water as deep as 18 inches (0.46 m) in the spring time. A high clearance vehicle is recommended. The road ends at Hobble Creek campground and from there a 1.5-mile (2.4 km) hike up a moderately steep mountain trail is required to reach Lake Alice. Nine primitive tent campsites are available though camping is not restricted to a campsite.
Multiple drownings have occurred at the lake which is named after a young girl who drowned in the early 1900s. The most recent drowning occurred on August 12, 2019. Schuyler McKnight, 22, drowned while canoeing at the lake. His body was recovered 41 days later.
# Lake Alice (Washington)

Lake Alice is a freshwater lakes located on the north slope of the Grindstone Mountain, in Chelan County, Washington. The lake is a popular area for hiking, swimming, and fishing. Self-issued Alpine Lake Wilderness permit required for transit within the Lake Alice area.

## History

Lake Alice was given its name by Albert Hale Sylvester, a topographer for the United States Geological Survey working throughout the North Cascades National Park Complex around 1900, who named it after his wife. Lake Sylvester is just south of Lake Alice.

## Access

The foot trail starts at the Chatter Creek Trailhead at the end of USFS Road 7609 on the north shore of Icicle Creek. Chatter Creek Trail #1580 is approximately 5.5 miles long and travels fairly closely to the course of Chatter Creek. The trail leads past Lake Sylvester and Lake Alice reaching and joining Icicle Ridge Trail #1580 on the north skirt of Grindstone mountain. Lake Sylvester is on the West side of the trail over a ridge forming a cirque for the lake. Alice Lake is further north also on the west side of the trail over a ridge shortly before the trail takes a turn East to join Icicle Ridge Trail.
Campsites are located along the first few miles of the trail until the trail becomes more forested around the bowls formed for Lakes Sylvester and Alice. Self-issued Alpine Lake Wilderness permit required for transit within the Sylvester Lake area and can be obtained at the Chatter Creek Trailhead and the Campground past the Guard station.
# Lago Agrio Canton

Lago Agrio Canton is a canton of Ecuador, located in the Sucumbíos Province. Its capital is the town of Nueva Loja. Its population at the 2001 census was 66,788. The region contains the Lago Agrio oil field which is at the heart of a high-profile court case against Chevron.
# Lake Tacoma

Lake Tacoma is the name given the freshwater lake in the basin of the Puyallup River and the Green River (Duwamish River) at the point in time that the Vashon Glacier had receded northward into Commencement Bay. Prior to this, it was referred to as the Lake Puyallup. The bluff on which this city is built is used as the landmark where Lake Puyallup ceased and it became Lake Tacoma.
# Lake Taeore

Lake Taeore is a lake in the Northland Region of New Zealand.
# Lajos Kolozsváry

Lajos Kolozsváry (1871–1937) was a Hungarian Painter whose works were exhibited in the Műcsarnok (Art Gallery).
# Lamborghini LM004

The Lamborghini LM004 was a prototype off-road vehicle designed and built by Lamborghini.
The LM004 was essentially a modified LM002, but in an attempt to make it appeal to a new range of customers it was outfitted with bucket seats, a phone, a refrigerator, and several other luxury features. The main change in the new vehicle was to outfit it with a new, noticeably larger, 420 bhp (313 kW), 7 L V12 engine. The engine did not perform as well as expected, and the increase in weight and size was determined to not be worth the additional development. Only a single prototype was produced.
* This article about a modern automobile produced after 1975 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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* t
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# Lake MacDonnell

Lake MacDonnell is a salt lake on western Eyre Peninsula near the Nullarbor Plain. The closest town is Penong, 13 kilometres (8 miles) to the north. It is the site of a former salt mine, now the largest gypsum mine in Australia on the largest gypsum deposit in the southern hemisphere. Salt is still mined but as a secondary product.

## Ore body

The ore body consists of calcrete coastal dunes of the Pleistocene Bridgewater Formation in a 20-kilometre (12 mi) northwest-trending depression. The gypsum formed during the Holocene period.
The gypsum deposit has a one-metre layer of gypsarenite containing 93 percent gypsum (calcium sulphate). Below that is a 5-metre (16 ft) layer of selenite containing 94-96% calcium sulphate. The deposit may contain as much as 500-700 million tonnes over an area of 87 square kilometres (34 sq mi).

## Mine

Gypsum has been mined at Lake MacDonnell since 1919. Since 1984 the mine has been owned by Gypsum Resources Australia (GRA), which is owned 50% each by USG Boral (itself a 50–50 joint venture of USG Corporation and Boral) and CSR Limited. Production is about 3.5 million tonnes (3.4 million long tons) per year.
Gypsum is mined using bulldozers and excavators. It is stockpiled for several years to allow salt to leach out from natural rainfall. It is then loaded onto trains using front-end loaders.

## Railway

Gypsum is transported 64 kilometres (40 mi) on an isolated railway operated by Aurizon to the port of Thevenard. Normally three trains run each weekday, with fewer at weekends. It is further stockpiled at Thevenard, then loaded on ships to Glebe Island in Sydney for further processing.
The railway's terminus is named Kevin – deriving from the Hundred of Kevin, which was named after the adopted son of the 19th century South Australian politician Charles Kingston. Originally part of the Port Lincoln Division of the South Australian Railways, the "station", comprising only a small corrugated steel waiting shed, was very rarely used because of the lack of nearby settlement.
# Lallowal

Lallowal (or Laluwal) is a village in Dera Baba Nanak in Gurdaspur district of Punjab State, India. It is located 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) from sub district headquarter and 53 kilometres (33 mi) from district headquarter. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

## Demography

As of 2011, The village has a total number of 136 houses and the population of 648 of which 330 are males while 318 are females. According to the report published by Census India in 2011, out of the total population of the village 75 people are from Schedule Caste and the village does not have any Schedule Tribe population so far.
# Lambretta Model C

The Lambretta Model C was the third production Scooter made by Innocenti's Lambretta. The Model C was the first Lambretta scooter to be imported the United Kingdom. The C is seen as a more reliable bike than previous models although it remained very similar to its predecessors.

## Design

Starting with the Model C Lambretta frames would be made of tube. The engine was once again a 123cc air-cooled engine but the block was this time was integrated to the frame with the spring suspension. The same carburetor, a Dell'Orto MA16, was used on the Model C as on the previous bikes. A 3 speed gearbox was also used as with the other models but the frame was made of a single piece of tube. The Model C had drum brakes, Front and Rear, and the head light was mounted on the front of the frame below the handlebars and the rear light was smaller and placed above the number plate. The Model C came with many more options than previous versions including rear seat, bolt on leg shields, a horn cover, speedometer, floor mats and a spare wheel. It came in 4 different colours, Beige, Green, Grey and Red.

## Sales and production

Lambretta made 87,500 Model C's and 42,500 Model LC's, this is much higher than previous models.

## Model LC

The Model LC was a Model C with full leg shields, side panels and rear running boards, the first Lambretta to do so, the 'L' stands for Lusso, meaning luxury in English. The side panel featured an access panel so the rider could turn on the choke without removing the side panel. Due to the side panels direct engine cooling could not work, so the flywheel gained cooling fins.