OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Van

Charles Van (died 1778) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1772 to 1778.
Van was the eldest son of Charles Van, of Llanwern, and his second wife Elizabeth Samson of Henbury, near Bristol. He married Catherine Morgan, daughter of Thomas Morgan in September 1754. Her father and three brothers were all MPs. He succeeded his father on 6 January 1755. In 1760 he built a new house at Llanwern Park.
Following his marriage into the Morgan family, Van stood for Parliament at Glamorgan in a by-election in 1756, but was heavily defeated. He stood for Monmouthshire at a by-election in 1765, but when the Morgan family gave their interest to his opponent, he withdrew. He was eventually returned unopposed as Member of Parliament for Brecon at a by-election on 31 January 1772. He was also returned unopposed in 1774. He was strongly against the American colonists and was apparently an amusing speaker in Parliament.
Van died on 3 April 1778. His daughter Catherine married Sir Robert Salusbury, 1st Baronet and inherited his estate.
# Lib Mandy Metropolitano Airport

Lib Mandi Metropolitano Airport (ICAO: SPLX) is an airport serving the coastal town of San Bartolo, in the metropolitan area of Lima. It is located inside the Lima Region of Peru. The runway is 2.4 kilometres (1.5 mi) inland from the Pacific Ocean shore. It is a base of a school of pilots (Master of the Sky). Although the airport had previous service, there are currently no regularly scheduled flights.
# Charles de Cazes

Charles de Caze (1808 – October 4, 1867) was a notary and political figure in Canada East.
He was born in Brittany in 1808, arrived in Quebec City in 1854 and settled in the Eastern Townships. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada for Richmond—Wolfe in 1861 and defeated in 1863. He wished to improve the state of agriculture in Canada East. De Caze was the first francophone member elected in the Eastern Townships. After his term in office, he was appointed inspector of schools for the counties of Saint-Hyacinthe, Bagot, and Rouville. He died in Montreal in 1867 while being treated for a liver disease.
# Libraries of the Universiti Sains Malaysia

Library was established in 1969 known as the Library of the University of Penang at the Malayan Teachers College, Gelugor, Penang. Library was moved to Minden (temporary buildings) in 1971 and occupy the new building in 1979. Main Library 2 has been completed in 1994.
On December 10, 2004, the main campus library was named after the name of the First Vice Chancellor of Universiti Sains Malaysia, Tan Sri Hamzah Sendut. Currently, the library consists of three buildings named as Hamzah Sendut Library (PHS), Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut 1 (PHS1), and Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut 2 (PHS2).

## Branches

* Main Branch: Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut, Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut 1, Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut 2, Perpustakaan Pusat Islam, Perpustakaan PTPM, Pusat Sumber HBP
* Kelantan Branch: Perpustakaan Hamdan Tahir
* Nibong Tebal Branch: Perpustakaan Kejuruteraan
* PITM, Kepala Batas Branch: Pusat Ilmu Translasional dan Maklumat (IPPT)
# Charles S. Reid

Charles Simpson Reid (September 25, 1897 – November 7, 1947) was chief justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia from 1938 to 1943.
Born in Blairsville, Georgia, Reid attended Young Harris College and graduated from Atlanta Law School in 1918. After working his way up from being a bank teller to bank vice president, he joined with partners to form the law firm of Little Powell and Reid, and became Georgia Democratic executive committee chairman. In 1938, Governor Eurith D. Rivers appointed Reid chief justice of the state supreme court, making the 41-year-old the youngest chief justice in the United States at the time.
Reid married Agnes Baker, widow of Dr. Elliott L. Baker, shortly before joining the military. Reid resigned from the court to join the United States Army during World War II, where he was on the staff of General Dwight D. Eisenhower as chief of the property control division. Following the war, he served as a Colonel on the staff of Lucius D. Clay, who was the military governor of American-occupied Germany. After returning to Georgia, Reid was given charge of the estate of Ella Griffith for the benefit of Georgia Baptist Children's Home. When $28,000 under his supervision went missing and an inquiry was scheduled, he committed suicide by jumping from a twelfth-story window.
# Leucopogon tamariscinus

Leucopogon tamariscinus is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae and is endemic to the south of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with egg-shaped or lance-shaped leaves and white, tube-shaped flowers arranged in dense spikes on the ends of branches.

## Description

Leucopogon tamariscinus is an erect, sparsely-branched shrub that typically grows to 30–70 cm (12–28 in) high and has wand-like branches. The leaves are egg-shaped or lance-shaped, 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long, and almost stem-clasping. The flowers are borne on the ends of branches in many-flowered, cylindrical spikes 12–25 mm (0.47–0.98 in) long. There are small, leaf-like bracts and broad bracteoles less than half as long as the sepals. The sepals are less than 2 mm (0.079 in) long, and the petals are white, 2.6–3.2 mm (0.10–0.13 in) long and joined at the base forming a tube with lobes about the same length as the petal tube. Flowering mainly occurs from July to December.

## Taxonomy

Leucopogon tamariscinus was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown in his Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen. The specific epithet (tamariscinus) means "Tamarix-like".

## Distribution and habitat

This leucopogon grows on sandplains and on laterite ridges in the Avon Wheatbelt, Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest and Mallee bioregions of southern Western Australia.

## Conservation status

Leucopogon tamariscinus is listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
# Charlotte Elkins

Charlotte Elkins (pen name, Emily Spenser; born July 4, 1948) is an American author who teamed with her husband, writer Aaron Elkins, to write a series of mystery novels about Lee Ofsted, a struggling female professional golfer.

## Biography

Elkins was born in Houston, Texas, but her father was an itinerant carpenter and the family moved frequently, living mostly in the southwest and Southern California. After graduating from Orange High School in 1966, she worked her way through college getting her B.A. in art in 1972 and a secondary teaching credential in 1974 from California State University, Hayward, and a M.L.S. in 1979 from San Jose State University.
She married Aaron Elkins December 29, 1972. Before becoming a full-time writer, she was a self-employed artist, secondary school teacher, and the librarian of American art at the M.H. de Young Museum in San Francisco, California in 1980-81.

## Writing career

Elkins started her career in 1981 writing five mass-market romance novels for Mills & Boon/Harlequin under the pseudonym Emily Spenser, which were translated and sold in over a dozen countries. But she had always wanted to collaborate on a mystery with her husband, an established mystery writer. At first she had difficulty creating a character they would both find engaging. The inspiration came by chance. They were living near a United States Air Force base in Germany while Aaron was teaching in the University of Maryland's overseas program for the American military, when they had an opportunity to take golfing lessons on the base. Charlotte, who loved the golf-themed stories by P.G. Wodehouse, suddenly realized a novice pro golfer would make an interesting protagonist in an amateur detective novel and Lee Ofsted was born.
A Wicked Slice was published in 1989, Publishers Weekly called it an "engagingly humorous thriller." Encouraged, over the years, the Elkins wrote four more Lee Ofsteds: Rotten Lies (1995), Nasty Breaks (1997), Where have all the Birdies Gone? (2004), and On the Fringe (2005). In between they wrote short stories, one of which, "Nice Gorilla," won the Agatha Award for best short story of the year in 1992. In 1996, they co-authored the "Cumberland Cup Mystery Game," the first plot for Time Warner Electronic Publishing's Modus Operandi.
# Chausuyama Kofun (Ōtsu)

The Chausuyama Kofun (茶臼山古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located in the Akibadai neighborhood of Ōtsu, Shiga in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1921. With a total length of 122 meters, it is the third largest kofun in Shiga Prefecture.

## Overview

The Chausuyama Kofun is located on a hill on the southern shore of Lake Biwa. It is a zenpō-kōen-fun' (前方後円墳), which is shaped like a keyhole, having one square end and one circular end, when viewed from above, orientated to the east. It was originally covered in fukiishi and the shards of cylindrical and figurative haniwa have been found in the area. The location and construction of the burial chamber remains unknown as it has never been excavated. From its construction technique and haniwa, the tumulus is estimated to have been built from the end of the 4th century to the beginning of the 5th century AD, or the middle of the Kofun period. It is the largest of a cluster of tumuli in the surrounding area, including the Kochausuyama Kofun (小茶臼山古墳), an 18-meter diameter circular-type [ja] (empun (円墳)) which is included in the National Historic Site designation.
There is a long tradition connecting this kofun to the family of Prince Ōtomo (c.648 - 672 AD), the son of Emperor Tenji, who committed suicide after his defeat by his uncle Prince Ōama in the Jinshin War.
The tumulus is located about a 15-minute walk from Zezehommachi Station on the Keihan Electric Railway Ishiyama Sakamoto Line.

### Overall length

    122 meters

### Posterior circular portion

    70 meter diameter x 8 meter high

### "Neck" portion

    56 meters wide

### Anterior rectangular portion

    58 meters wide x 60 meters long

## Gallery

* posterior portion
* Akiba Shrine located on the saddle of the tumulus
* Anterior portion
# Charlton House, Wraxall

Charlton House is a historic building in Wraxall, Somerset, England. It is a Grade II listed building.
The original building dates from the late mediaeval period, however it was altered in the early to mid 17th century and further extended between 1877 and 1884. In the mid- late C19th it was the home of Antony Gibbs (1841-1907), son of William Gibbs (1790-1875) of Antony Gibbs & Sons, who had bought the Tyntesfield estate in 1843 and who purchased the neibouring Charlton House for his son in 1855. Antony wasn't part of his father's business, but inherited Tyntesfield when his father died in 1875. In Fertile Fortune by James Miller there is a photograph of the family outside the house in 1908.
Prior to the house being owned by the Gibbs family, it was owned by the Kington family. Thomas Kington Snr (1771-1827) is recorded as being 'of Charlton House' when he wrote his will. His son, Thomas Kington (1796-1857) owned plantations in the West Indies; he received £15,338 for 1342 enslaved people when slavery was abolished across the British Empire in 1834.
The rendered stone three-storey building has a slate roof with a parapet. The hall fireplace dates from the early 17th century as does some of the fabric of the central block however most of the building was added in the 19th century. The fireplace has a gadrooned surround with clustered colonnettes on each side. These finish with caryatids and a moulded cornice. The large overmantel is decorated with the figures of kings and women representing Charity and Justice.
Since 1927 it has housed The Downs School, a preparatory school founded in 1894 (originally in a house overlooking Clifton Down, across the Clifton Suspension Bridge). The current Headteacher of the Downs School is Mrs Debbie Isaachsen. The school takes pupils from its reception class until year three in pre-preparatory school and then from year four to year eight in the preparatory school. At the end of year 8, most pupils feed into other local Bristol schools, such as Clifton College and Bristol Grammar School along with Queen Elizabeth's Hospital and even schools further afield such as schools in Taunton, Millfield and Sherborne. It is set in 60 acres (24 ha) of parkland.
The house was part of the Tyntesfield estate; the associated Charlton Farm was sold in 2002 and is now a residential centre of Children's Hospice South West.
# Charlton Island, Antarctica

Charlton Island is the westernmost of the Frazier Islands, lying in Vincennes Bay off Wilkes Land in East Antarctica.

## History

The island was mapped from air photographs taken in the course of the US Navy's Operations Highjump (1946–47) and Windmill (1947-48). It was named by Carl R. Eklund for Chief Electronics Technician Frederick E. Charlton, of the Wilkes Station party, 1957.

## Antarctic Specially Protected Area

The island forms part of the Frazier Islands Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) No.160 because it supports one of only four known breeding colonies of southern giant petrels on continental Antarctica.
# Cheilly-lès-Maranges

Cheilly-lès-Maranges is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

## Wine

The vineyards of Cheilly-lès-Maranges is included in the Maranges wine appellation.
# Liljegren Records

Liljegren Records / CMSweden is a Swedish heavy metal music record label founded by Christian Liljegren (formerly of Narnia) in 1997. The label was originally titled C.L. Music and Distribution but was changed later. Notable current and former groups on the labels roster include Divinefire, Majestic Vanguard, Veni Domine, Crimson Moonlight, ReinXeed, Sanctifica and Pantokrator.

## Current roster

* Charlie Shred
* Golden Resurrection
* Morning Dwell
* Oriz

## Former roster

* Crimson Moonlight (active)
* Divinefire (active)
* Essence of Sorrow
* Heel
* Majestic Vanguard (active)
* Mirador
* Miseration (active)
* Oratorio
* Pantokrator (active)
* Parakletos
* ReinXeed (active)
* Sanctifica (disbanded)
* Sons of Thunder
* Veni Domine (disbanded)
# Cheiromoniliophora elegans

Cheiromoniliophora elegans is a species of fungus in the order Pleosporales in the class Dothideomycetes. It is the type species of its genus.
# Life Is Great and Gettin' Better!

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | (?) |
Life Is Great and Gettin' Better! is an album from Christian duo Jeff & Sheri Easter. It was released on January 23, 2007.

## Track listing

* "Life Is Great and Gettin' Better" (Easter, Wright) - 2:45
* "Livin' in the Rain" (Hawkins, LaBar) - 3:08
* "Over and Over" (Smith) - 3:52
* "Joshua's Song" (Easter) - 3:30
* "Feelin' Alright, Doin' Okay" (Wright) - 3:56
* "I Wouldn't Change You If I Could" (Jones, Smith) - 3:05
* "All the Days That End in Why" (Easter) - 4:32
* "A Lullaby" (Easter) - 3:40
* "Come See Me" (Gaither, J.) - 4:15
* "Daddy Hung the Moon" (Westley, Willett) - 4:00
* "Old Chunk of Coal" (Shaver) - 3:20
* "Dance" (Willett) - 5:07

## Awards

The album was nominated to a Dove Award for Country Album of the Year at the 39th GMA Dove Awards.
# Libx (graphics library)

LibX is a platform-independent C++ software library used to provide handling of DirectX .X files.
It's mainly built of two statically linked libraries and one executable demonstrating the capability to load models and render them using OpenGL. The two libraries are:

## libx_core

This one parses the actual file and generates an in-memory-representation of the file content (similar to a .xml DOM tree.)

## libx_model

This library can convert the generated file-representation into a format suitable for rendering, specifically:
* converting indices to 16bit representation if possible
* reordering streams of normals, positions, etc. so that they are indexable with one index for each vertex
* convert quad-faces to triangles
* etc.
# Chatric

Chatric, also known as Siyang, is a village located southeast of Kamjong in Kamjong district, Manipur state, India. The village is about 40 kilometers from Kamjong and is partially connected by Ukhrul-Kamjong state highway. The village is flanked by Chamu in the north, Chahong village in the south, the Chindwin river (Myanmar) in the east and Chahong in the west.
Chatric is an Indian border village with Myanmar. Locally, the inhabitants speak Chatric tui which belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family. The village is divided into two major parts with separate settlements; Chatric Khullen and Chatric Khunou.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census, Chatric has 142 households with the total of 854 people of which 445 are male and 405 are female. Of the total population, 117 were in the age group of 0–6 years. The average sex ratio of the village is 919 female to 1000 male, lower than the state average of 985. The literacy rate of the village stands at 74.22% which is lower than the state average 76.94%. The male literacy rate stands at 80.72% while the female literacy rate was 66.95%.
The village is home to people of Tangkhul Naga tribe. All of the inhabitants are Christians.

## People and economy

Agriculture is the primary industry in Chatric. The village has a large span of natural forest stretching till the international border with Myanmar. The village is also well known in the district for the supply of freshwater fish abundantly made available in the local market.

## Notable places

The village is also famous for Sivathei (King Chilli). It is learnt that Sivathei, which has unique taste from other varieties of chilli, is originated from Chatric.
The villagers depends mostly on forest resources.
Being a remote village, the inhabitants are deprived of good transportation system. The inter village road constructed under PMGSY most often fails to meet the transportation requirements. The villagers also has to depend on solar lamps and traditional light source due to poor electricity connectivity.
# Lienardia planilabrum

Lienardia planilabrum is a species of sea snail. It is a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Clathurellidae.
# Chen Qing

Chen Qing (born 15 January 1984) is a Chinese table tennis player. Her highest career ITTF ranking was 37.
# Light in the Attic & Friends

Light in the Attic & Friends ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| The Times | |
Light in the Attic & Friends is a compilation album by the American record label Light in the Attic Records. The album collects from Light in the Attic's Cover Songs singles, a series of 7" singles featuring contemporary artists covering past Light in the Attic artists, as well as including a number of original recordings. The compilation was released digitally and on vinyl on November 24, 2023, with the vinyl release being exclusive to Record Store Day's Black Friday sale.

## Release

The album was first announced on October 2, 2023, with a release date set for November 24 by Light in the Attic Records. It released digitally and on vinyl, with the vinyl release being exclusive to Record Store Day's Black Friday sale. The two-disc release was pressed on "smash colored" vinyl. Its cover art was designed by British artist Sophy Hollington, and it came with a booklet of liner notes written by Lydia Hyslop.
The announcement came with its lead single, a cover of Willie Nelson's "We Don't Run" by the father-daughter duo of Ethan and Maya Hawke, which is the duo's first music release together. The second single, Vashti Bunyan and Devendra Banhart's cover of Madelynn Von Ritz's "How Could You Let Me Go", was released on November 10. The third single, Mary Lattimore's cover of Hiroshi Yoshimura's "Blink", was released on November 17.

## Personnel

* John Baldwin – mastering engineer
* Sophy Hollington – cover art
* Lydia Hyslop – liner notes
# Chella Ayyavu

Chella Ayyavu is an Indian film director and screenwriter who predominantly works in Tamil Film Industry. His debut feature film was Silukkuvarupatti Singam starring Vishnu Vishal. He is also known for directing, writing and acting in the film Gatta Kusthi, starring Vishnu Vishal and Aishwarya Lekshmi.

## Early life

Before being an independent director and film writer, he has worked as an assistant director for the feature film Velainu Vandhutta Vellaikaaran and scripted it with director Ezhil.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Ref. |
| 2018 | Silukkuvarupatti Singam | |
| 2022 | Gatta Kusthi | |
# Limit dextrinase

Limit dextrinase (EC 3.2.1.142, R-enzyme, amylopectin-1,6-glucosidase, dextrin alpha-1,6-glucanohydrolase) is an enzyme with systematic name dextrin 6-alpha-glucanohydrolase. This enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in alpha- and beta-limits dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen, in amylopectin and pullulan.
# Limit of Love

Limit of Love is the third studio album of the Australian indie band Boy & Bear. It was released on 9 October 2015, in Australia, New Zealand, USA and Canada, and on 30 October in the UK and EU.
"Walk the Wire" was the single release from the album accompanied by a music video.

## Track listing

* "Limit of Love" - 3:31
* "Walk the Wire" - 2:59
* "Where'd You Go" - 3:09
* "Hollow Ground" - 3:40
* "Breakdown Slow" - 3:56
* "Showdown" - 4:22
* "A Thousand Faces" - 2:53
* "Man Alone" - 3:17
* "Ghost 11" - 3:27
* "Just Dumb" - 5:13
* "Fox Hole" - 3:25

## Charts

| Chart (2015–16) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 1 |
| New Zealand Albums (RMNZ) | 31 |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 83 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 35,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Limit load (physics)

Limit load is the maximum load that a structure can safely carry. It's the load at which the structure is in a state of incipient plastic collapse. As the load on the structure increases, the displacements increases linearly in the elastic range until the load attains the yield value. Beyond this, the load-displacement response becomes non-linear and the plastic or irreversible part of the displacement increases steadily with the applied load. Plasticity spreads throughout the solid and at the limit load, the plastic zone becomes very large and the displacements become unbounded and the component is said to have collapsed.
Any load above the limit load will lead to the formation of plastic hinge in the structure. Engineers use limit states to define and check a structure's performance.
Bounding Theorems of Plastic-Limit Load Analysis: Plastic limit theorems provide a way to calculate limit loads without having to solve the boundary value problem in continuum mechanics. Finite element analysis provides an alternative way to estimate limit loads. They are:
* The Upper Bound Plastic Collapse Theorem
* The Lower Bound Plastic Collapse Theorem
* The Lower Bound Shakedown Theorem
* The Upper Bound Shakedown Theorem
The Upper Bound Plastic Collapse Theorem states that an upper bound to the collapse loads can be obtained by postulating a collapse mechanism and computing the ratio of its plastic dissipation to the work done by the applied loads.
# Like Red on a Rose (song)

"Like Red on a Rose" is a song written by Robert Lee Castleman and Melanie Castleman, and recorded by the American country music singer Alan Jackson. It was released in July 2006 as the first single and title track from Jackson's album Like Red on a Rose.
Alison Krauss, who produced the album, told Billboard that the song was "so positive and loving, yet it has a real dark melody".

## Critical reception

The song was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Country Song at the 2006 Grammy Awards.

## Chart performance

"Like Red on a Rose" debuted at number 42 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs charts dated for the week ending July 29, 2006. It spent 20 weeks on that chart and peaked at number 15.
| Chart (2006) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 15 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 80 |