OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of monarchs of Raiatea

The Polynesian island of Raiatea, in the Society Islands, was a kingdom from the 18th century until its annexation by France in 1888. After Tamatoa VI's abdication, a rebel government was set up by chief Teraupo'o with Queen Tuarii as its figurehead until French colonial forces ended the native resistance and exiled the leaders in 1897. The island is now a part of French Polynesia.

## Monarchs of Raiatea

| Name | Birth–Death | Reign start | Reign end |
| Tamatoa III | 1757 – 10 July 1831 | 1820 | 10 July 1831 |
| Tamatoa IV | 1797–1857 | 10 July 1831 | 19 August 1857 |
| Tamatoa V | 23 September 1842 – 30 September 1881 | 19 August 1857 | 8 February 1871 |
| Tahitoe | 1808 – 13 April 1881 | 8 February 1871 | 13 April 1881 |
| Tehauroa | 1830 – 18 March 1884 | 13 April 1881 | 18 March 1884 |
| Tamatoa VI | 1853 – 15 September 1905 | 25 January 1885 | 18 March 1888 |
| Tuarii | Died 1911 | 1888 | 1897 |
# Manuscript (disambiguation)

A manuscript is a handwritten original or copy of a text or composition.
Manuscript may also refer to:
* Manuscript (publishing)
* Manuscript, typographic style of block letters
* Manuscript, a typeface produced by Grafotechna in the mid 1940s
* Manuscript Society, a senior society at Yale University

## Television

* "The Manuscript", an episode of Tales of Wells Fargo
* "The Manuscript", an episode of The Mysterious Cities of Gold
* "The Manuscript", an episode of Lady Chatterley's Stories

## Music

* Music manuscripts, handwritten sources of music
* The Manuscript (album), a 2016 album by Dave Hollister
* The Manuscript (My Dying Bride EP), 2013
* The Manuscript (Vic Mensa EP), 2017
* "Manuscript", 2002 single by E-A-Ski
* "Manuscript", song by Al Stewart from 1970 album Zero She Flies
* "The Manuscript", song by Taylor Swift from 2024 album The Tortured Poets Department

## Other uses

* The Manuscript, 1998 novel by Eva Zeller
# Ciutadella de Roses

Ciutadella de Roses ("Citadel of Roses"; Spanish, Ciudadela de Rosas) is a ruined fortification in the municipality of Roses, Alt Empordà comarca, Province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain. There are various buildings in its surrounds, such as the Castell de la Trinitat, as well as the monastery Santa Maria de Roses, the country's earliest known example of the Lombard architectural style. Construction of the present citadel was ordered by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor in 1543 at the same time as Castell de la Trinitat to protect it from pirate attacks and from the French.

## History

The citadel's origins go back to the 4th century BC when Greeks from Massalia created a trading centre in the Gulf of Roses which they needed to defend from the Iberians. As it developed over the following century, coins inscribed ΡΟΔΗΤΩΝ were minted with the bust of Arethusa on the front and a rose on the back. After occupying the surrounding area in the early 2nd century during the Punic Wars, the Romans finally sacked the city under the command of Marcus Porcius Cato in the late 3rd century.
The Roman colony which was subsequently established lasted almost until the end of the Roman Empire. During the second half of the 1st century AD, Roses was given the status of a town. A temple to Minerva was completed inside the fortifications while a temple to Venus was built in the neighbouring mountains.
In the 7th century, the Visigoths built a fort on one of the Puig Rom peaks and which remained in use until the early 8th century. After a short period of occupation by the Arabs, Roses came under the county of Empúries ruled by the Franks until the abolition of the feudal system in the 9th century. Founded by Benedictine monks in 960, the Monastery of Santa Maria soon became an important abbey with its own fishing rights. The name of Roses was not granted to the settlement until 1362.
As Roses gained importance as both a trading centre and a strategic site, it increasingly needed to be defended from attacks by Muslim pirates and by the French who were fighting the Crown of Aragon. After the French had occupied and Roses and burnt it to the ground, Roger of Lauria, in command of the Aragonese fleet overcame a French fleet in the bay, liberating the town in 1285. Fortifications were built in 1402 to protect the town from pirate attacks by sea or by overland French invasions.
With the creation of the Habsburg Empire the Port of Roses became a vital centre of communications between the Hispanic and Italian sectors of the empire. In 1552, Charles V ordered the Citadel of Roses to be constructed as the centre of defences for the entire gulf.
As a result of an epidemic in 1588, the monks left their quarters in the Monastery of Roses which in 1592 was attached by papal order to Santa Maria de Amer. In 1792, those still living in the monastery finally abandoned it and the following year it was destroyed by French troops.

## Gallery

* Medieval muralla
* El "Cossi de la Reina"
* Porta de Mar
* Interior view
# Dolichoderus plagiatus

Dolichoderus plagiatus is a species of ant in the genus Dolichoderus. It was described by Mayr in 1870.

## Distribution

The species is endemic to North America. In can be found within the borders of Canada, Mexico and the United States. In Canada, they are found in New Brunswick, Ontario and Manitoba. In the United States, it can be found in North Dakota, and it is also commonly found in North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia.
# Corografia Brazilica

Corografia brasílica, ou relação histórico-geográfica do reino do Brasil (Brazilian Chorography, or Historical-Geographical Relation of the Kingdom of Brazil) by Manuel Aires de Casal was the first book published in Brazil. This book contains the first published edition of Pero Vaz de Caminha's letter.
* This article about a non-fiction book on Brazilian history is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# C.A. Gray Jr High School

C.A. Gray Jr High School (also called Charlie A. Grey, Jr. High School) is a public high school/middle school in Moultrie, Georgia, United States, which was established in 1956. It serves Moultrie and part of Omega.
C.A. Gray is a member of the Georgia High School Association and Region 1-AAAAA and the South Georgia Athletic Conference for athletic competition. The school's mascot is the Packers and its colors are gold and black.

## Athletics

The interscholastic sports program at C. A. Gray Jr. High School offers:
* baseball
* basketball
* cheerleading
* cross-country
* diving
* football
* golf
* gymnastics
* marching band
* rifle team
* soccer
* softball
* swimming
* tennis
* track
* wrestling
Any student who wishes to participate in a school sports program must have a physical exam (free of charge during the summer) and is encouraged to purchase the school's insurance.

## Band

The band program is an important part of C.A. Gray Jr. High School. The junior high school band contains many auxiliaries for participation and performance, such as district and all-state band.
Band Director:
* Sarah Brown

## Choir

The Choral Department at C.A. Gray Jr. High School offers all students an opportunity to participate in a music activity. Students are graded on improvement and not on talent. The choirs perform at various occasions for the public and at choral festivals.
Choral Director:
* E. Miller

## Namesake

C.A. Gray Jr High is named takes its name from one of Moultrie's dedicated educators, Miss Charlie A. Gray. She was born in 1902, and received a B.S. Degree in Education from the Tuskegee Institute.
# Derobrachus longicornis

Derobrachus longicornis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1872.
# Mountain pink

Mountain pink is a common name for several plants and may refer to:
* Dianthus armeria, native to Europe
* Zeltnera beyrichii, native to the Americas
# Caribbean water resource region

The Caribbean water resource region is one of 21 major geographic areas, or regions, in the first level of classification used by the United States Geological Survey to divide and sub-divide the United States into successively smaller hydrologic units. These geographic areas contain either the drainage area of a major river, or the combined drainage areas of a series of rivers.
The Caribbean region, which is listed with a 2-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC) of 21, has an approximate size of 3,582 square miles (9,280 square kilometers), and consists of 3 subregions, which are listed with the 4-digit HUCs 2101 through 2103. This region includes the drainage within: (a) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; (b) the Virgin Islands of the United States; and (c) other United States Caribbean outlying areas. Includes Caribbean land areas over which the United States has some degree of interest, jurisdiction, or sovereignty.

## List of water resource subregions

| Subregion HUC | Subregion Name | Subregion Description | Subregion Location | Subregion Size | Subregion Map |
| 2101 | Puerto Rico subregion | The drainage and associated waters within the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. | Puerto Rico | 3,480 sq mi (9,000 km$^2$) | HUC2101 |
| 2102 | Virgin Islands subregion | The drainage and associated waters within the Virgin Islands of the United States. | U.S. Virgin Islands | 133 sq mi (340 km$^2$) | HUC2102 |
| 2103 | Caribbean Outlying Areas subregion | The drainage and associated waters within the Canal Zone, Navassa Island, and Rancador and Serrana Banks. | Canal Zone, Navassa Island, and Rancador and Serrana Banks. | 650 sq mi (1,700 km$^2$) | |
# Civil Administration of the Mountain

The Civil Administration of the Mountain, sometimes referred to as Jabal al-Druze, named after the Druze region in Syria, was a Druze-dominated geopolitical region that existed in Lebanon from 1983 until its gradual erosion following the Taif Agreement and the end of the country's civil war. It was one of the wartime state-like territories (known as cantons) which was controlled by the People's Liberation Army (PLA). The PLA controlled most of the Chouf district and some parts of Aley and Baabda. It bordered the East Beirut canton to the north, which was controlled by a rival Christian militia, the Lebanese Forces.

## Voice of the Mountain

Although its beginning was in 1983, the broadcasting of the Voice of the Mountain officially began operations on 1 February 1984. It operated from the Chouf Mountains. Ghazi Aridi worked as the director of the station until 1994 when it was closed.
# Dolichoderus pustulatus

Dolichoderus pustulatus is a species of ant in the subfamily Dolichoderinae and is found in North America.

## Description

In the south of its range, the head, antennae, metasoma and legs of workers of this species are orangish-brown while the gaster is a darker colour. There are sometimes light coloured spots on the first and second segments of the gaster and the antennae and legs become darker as the ant gets older. In the north of its range this ant is more often a single shade of reddish-brown or dark brown. Other distinguishing characteristics include the top of the head, the metasoma and propodeum, being covered by shallow puncture marks. There are a few short hairs near the apex of the gaster and on the legs but mostly this species is hairless. The dorsal surface of the propodeum is nearly one and a half times longer than it is wide. The integument of the petiole and the gaster is smooth and reflective in bright light.

## Distribution

This species is found in northern United States and Southern Canada east of the Rocky Mountains. It has been recorded from Nova Scotia westward to Illinois and Oklahoma, in New Jersey and southward to Florida and Mississippi.

## Ecology

This species is found in fens, prairies, glades and the edges of woods. The nests are hidden in soil among the roots of plants.
This species has somewhat smaller colonies than Dolichoderus mariae and Dolichoderus taschenbergi. Nests are either built under leaf litter or a thin-walled carton is made from chewed vegetable matter and built around blades of grass. The entrances to the nests are short tubes made from the same substance and look much like the spouts of little teapots.
# Corcoran 65-1

The Corcoran 65-1 was a motor glider of very unusual configuration, a twin engine biplane. It was designed and built in the United States in the 1960s; only two were completed.

## Design and development

Since World War I almost all gliders have been monoplanes and almost all motor gliders have had a single engine. The Corcoran 65-1 is one of very few twin engine biplane motor glider designs.
The 65-1 had straight tapered, square tipped wings of equal span. Each was built around a single spar and skinned with aluminium. It was a single bay biplane with, on each side, a single, faired vertical interplane strut and a long bracing strut from the lower fuselage to the upper wing near the top of the interplane strut. The ailerons, fitted on piano hinges on both upper and lower wings, were made of aluminium and unbalanced. Flaps were carried on the upper wing only, filling 60% of its span. They had four positions, with a maximum deflection of 35°.
The flat sided, rectangular cross-section fuselage was aluminium framed and skinned. Its cockpit was enclosed by a single frame canopy, hinged on the port side. Behind the cockpit there was an extended fairing, starting at canopy height and tapering away just behind the wing trailing edge. A short, thin, streamlined pylon reached above it to support the upper wing centre section. Two 8 hp (6 kW) West Bend 82 go-kart engines were mounted behind the fairing on short struts, driving pusher propellers. Fin and rudder were straight tapered and square topped, with the latter extending down to the keel. The constant chord, square tipped tailplane was mounted on top of the fuselage and carried separated elevators, cut away inboard to permit rudder movement. The landing gear comprised a monowheel, fixed but partially faired, a steerable tailwheel and two small balancing outrigger wheels on short, faired struts below the interplane struts.
The 65-1 flew for the first time in October 1965. It was followed by a second prototype which was significantly modified by an increase in wing area of 80% and by moving the previously external engines to within the fuselage, at the same fuselage position as before. The propellers were mounted on outriggers and belt driven.

## Specifications (first prototype)

Data from Gliders and Sailplanes
General characteristics
* Crew: One
* Length: 18 ft 6 in (5.64 m)
* Wingspan: 26 ft 0 in (7.92 m) upper and lower wings have equal span
* Height: 5 ft 0 in (1.52 m)
* Wing area: 100 sq ft (9.3 m$^2$)
* Aspect ratio: 13.0
* Empty weight: 364 lb (165 kg)
* Max takeoff weight: 550 lb (249 kg)
* Powerplant: 2 × West Bend 820 single cylinder go-kart engines, 8 hp (6.0 kW) each
* Propellers: 2-bladed
Performance
* Maximum speed: 100 mph (160 km/h, 87 kn) power on
* Cruise speed: 67 mph (108 km/h, 58 kn) power on
* Range: 140 mi (230 km, 120 nmi)
# Juri Quta (Pukarani)

Juri Quta (Aymara juri mud, foul water, dull, wet quta lake, "mud lake" or "dull lake ", Hispanicized spellings Juri Kkota, Juri Khota, Juri Kota, Yuri Kkota) is a lake in the Cordillera Real of Bolivia located in the La Paz Department, Los Andes Province, Pukarani Municipality, Wayna Potosí Canton. It is situated at a height of about 4,932 metres (16,181 ft) south west of the Kunturiri massif and west of lake Ch'iyar Quta.
# Derobrachus smithi

Derobrachus smithi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1892.
# Armfield

Armfield is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Billy Armfield (1904–1985), British athlete
* Constance Armfield (née Smedley; 1876–1941), British artist and playwright
* Dennis Armfield (born 1986), Australian footballer
* Diana Armfield (born 1920), British artist
* Jasmine Armfield (born 1998), English actress
* Jimmy Armfield (1935–2018), English football player and manager
* John Armfield (1797–1871), American slave trader
* Lillian May Armfield (1884–1971), Australian police detective
* Maxwell Armfield (1881–1972), English artist, writer, and illustrator
* Neil Armfield (born c. 1958), Australian director of theatre, film and opera
* Robert Franklin Armfield (1829–1898), Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina
* Thomas Armfield (1851–1931), Australian politician
* William Johnston Armfield (1934–2016), American businessman and philanthropist
# Audley's Cross

Audley's Cross is a cross sited in Blore Heath, Staffordshire to mark the spot on which James Touchet, Lord Audley was killed at the battle of Blore Heath in 1459.
A cross was erected on the spot where Audley was reported to have been killed after the battle, and replaced with the current stone cross in 1765, which was renovated in 1959 on the 500th anniversary of the battle.
The inscription on the cross reads:
   On this spot was fought the Battle of Blore Heath 1459. Lord Audley, who commanded the Lancastrian forces was defeated and slain. This monument was restored by Tyrley Parish Council to mark the 500th anniversary of the battle
# List of moths of Great Britain (Lasiocampidae)

The family Lasiocampidae comprises the eggar moths, of which 10 are resident species in Great Britain, one probably extinct and one probably an immigrant:
* Poecilocampa populi, December moth — throughout
* Trichiura crataegi, pale eggar — throughout (vulnerable) ‡*
* Eriogaster lanestris, small eggar — south, central (Nationally Scarce B)
* Malacosoma neustria, lackey — south, central (common) and north (scattered) (Vulnerable) ‡*
* Malacosoma castrensis, ground lackey — south-east, south-west (Nationally Scarce A)
* Lasiocampa trifolii, grass eggar — south, west-central (Nationally Scarce A)
   * Lasiocampa trifolii f. flava (pale grass eggar) — south-east (Red Data Book)
   * Lasiocampa quercus quercus — south, central
   * Lasiocampa quercus f. callunae (northern eggar) — north, west
* Macrothylacia rubi, fox moth — throughout
* Dendrolimus pini, pine-tree lappet — rare immigrant
* Euthrix potatoria, drinker — south, central, north-west
* Phyllodesma ilicifolia, small lappet — presumed extinct
Species listed in the 2007 UK Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) are indicated by a double-dagger symbol (‡)—species so listed for research purposes only are also indicated with an asterisk (‡*).
# Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Alfred Fleckeisen

Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Alfred Fleckeisen (September 23, 1820, in Wolfenbüttel – August 7, 1899, in Dresden) was a German philologist and critic. He is best known for his work on Plautus and Terence.
He was educated at the Helmstedt gymnasium and the University of Göttingen. After holding several educational posts at Frankfurt am Main and Dresden, in 1861 he was appointed in the vice-principalship of the Vitzthum-Gymnasium at Dresden, which he held until his retirement in 1889. Fleckeisen is chiefly known for his labors on Plautus and Terence; in the knowledge of these authors he was unrivalled, except perhaps by Ritschl, his lifelong friend and a worker in the same field.
His chief works are: Exercitationes Plautinae (1842), one of the most masterly productions on the language of Plautus; Analecta Plautina, printed in Philologus (1847); Plauti Comoediae (Vols. I and II, 1850-1851, unfinished), introduced by an "Epistula critica ad F. Ritschelium"; P. Terenti Afri Comoediae (new ed., 1898). In his editions he endeavoured to restore the text in accordance with the results of his researches on the usages of the Latin language and meter. He attached great importance to the question of orthography, and his short treatise Fünfzig Artikel (1861) is considered most valuable. Fleckeisen also contributed largely to the Jahrbücher für Philologie und Pädagogik, the philology department of which he was for many years editor.
# Daniel Cargnin

Daniel Cargnin may refer to:
* Daniel Cargnin (paleontologist)
* Daniel Cargnin (judoka)
# Civil Administration of the Lands of Volhynia and Podolian Front

Civil Administration of the Lands of Volhynia and Podolian Front, also known as Commissariat of the Lands of Volhynia and Podolian Front was a civil authority of the territories controlled by Second Polish Republic but not incorporated into the state itself, that was formed during the Polish–Soviet War in 1920. It was formed on 17 January 1920 from the Civil Administration of the Eastern Lands and included Volhynian District and the surrounding area. In the summer of 1920, forces of Russian SFSR had conquered the area. After part of the area was reconquered by Poland, the administration was formally disestablished on 9 September 1920, and replaced by the Provisional Administration of Front-line and Phase Territories.

## History

Civil Administration of Volhynian Lands and Podolian Front was established by Second Polish Republic on 17 January 1920, as a civil authority of the territories controlled but not incorporated into the state itself. It was formed from part of an area controlled by Civil Administration of the Eastern Lands, including the Volhynian District separated from the civil authority and newly formed Podolian District that consisted of the lands conquered on the Podolian Front. The territory was ruled by the Chief Commissioner Antoni Mińkiewicz, who after the formation was subjected to the General Commissioner of the Eastern Lands. On 1 June 1920, the territory was placed under the rule of the Commander-in-chief of the Polish Armed Forces.
On 1 June 1920, counties: Włodzimierz, Kowel, Łuck, Dubno, Równe as well as part of Ostróg incorporated into Równe and northwest part of Krzemieniec were incorporated into Poland itself.
In the summer of 1920, forces of Russian SFSR had conquered the area. After part of the area was reconquered by Poland, the administration was formally disestablished on 9 September 1920, and replaced by the Provisional Administration of Front-line and Phase Territories.

## Subdivisions

The Civil Administration of the Lands of Volhynia and Podolian Front consisted of two districts: Volhynian and Podolian.
Volhynian District was subdivided into counties: Włodzimierz, Kowel, Łuck, Dubno, Równe, Ostróg, Krzemieniec, Zwiahel, Zasław, Sarny (from 15 March 1920) and Starokonstantynów (until 15 May 1920).
Podolian District was subdivided into counties: Kamieniec, Płoskirów, Uszyca, Latyczów and Starokonstantynów (from 15 May 1920).
On 15 March 1920, was established Sarny County, Volhynian District, that was formed from the municipalities of Równe County: Wysock, Dąbrowica, Lubikowicze, Niemowicze, Wiry as well as three newly added municipalities: Kisorycze, Olewsk and Jurowo.
On 15 May 1920, Starokonstantynów County was transferred from Volhynian to Podolian District.
On 1 June 1920, counties: Włodzimierz, Kowel, Łuck, Dubno, Równe as well as part of Ostróg incorporated into Równe and northwest part of Krzemieniec were incorporated into Poland itself.
# Mahen Gunasekera

Senerath Gunesekera Vidaneralalage Mahen Dias Gunasekera (born 29 March 1953) was a Sri Lankan lawyer and politician. He was elected from the Gampaha District from the United National Party to the Parliament of Sri Lanka in the 1989 general elections and served as Deputy Minister of Justice. He was the third son of Bennet Gunasekera.
# General Echols

General Echols may refer to:
* John Echols (1823–1896), Confederate States Army brigadier general
* Oliver P. Echols (1892–1954), U.S. Army Air Forces major general
* Robert L. Echols (born 1941), U.S. Army National Guard brigadier general