OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Carmen Proetta

Carmen Proetta (born 24 September 1947 in London) is a Gibraltarian who was an independent witness to Operation Flavius, a controversial British Army operation in which the Special Air Service shot dead three unarmed Provisional IRA members in Gibraltar on 6 March 1988. She became the subject of a number of articles by several British newspapers, which later paid her substantial damages in an out-of-court settlement.
Proetta had given a statement to the police, saying that she was washing dishes when she looked out her kitchen window and witnessed the killings. According to her account, two of the three West Belfast suspects, Mairead Farrell and Dan McCann, had their hands in the air when they were shot without warning.
Her claims were made public a month later in an interview for the Thames Television documentary Death on the Rock.
In her interview she said "They [security forces] didn't do anything... they just went and shot these people. That's all. They didn't say anything, they didn't scream, they didn't shout, they didn't do anything. These people were turning their heads back to see what was happening and when they saw these men had guns in their hands they put their hands up. It looked like the man was protecting the girl because he stood in front of her, but there was no chance. I mean they went to the floor immediately, they dropped."
After the programme was broadcast, several British newspapers, including The Sun and The Sunday Times ran stories about her background. The Sun ran a headline labelling her 'The tart of Gib'. Its front-page story accused her of being a former prostitute, of running an escort agency and of being 'anti-British'. The Sunday Times interviewed the same witnesses after the broadcast. A Sunday Times journalist involved, Rosie Waterhouse, resigned not long afterwards. In a letter to the Press Gazette published in January 1989, Waterhouse wrote that her copy had been altered with the effect of discrediting Proetta's evidence.
All of the accusations were later shown to be false. Proetta launched a libel action case against five of the newspapers and was subsequently awarded an estimated £300,000 damages in an out-of-court settlement.
# Credal network

Credal networks are probabilistic graphical models based on imprecise probability. Credal networks can be regarded as an extension of Bayesian networks, where credal sets replace probability mass functions in the specification of the local models for the network variables given their parents. As a Bayesian network defines a joint probability mass function over its variables, a credal network defines a joint credal set. The way this credal set is defined depends on the particular notion of independence for imprecise probability adopted. Most of the research on credal networks focused on the case of strong independence. Given strong independence the joint credal set associated to a credal network is called its strong extension. Let $(X_{1},\ldots ,X_{n})$ denote a collection of categorical variables and $G$. If $K(X_{i}\mid \pi _{i})$ is, for each $i=1,\ldots ,n$, a conditional credal set over $X_{i}$, then the strong extension of a credal network is defined as follows:
    $K(X_{1},\ldots ,X_{n})=\mathrm {CH} \{P(X_{1},\ldots ,X_{n}):P(x_{1},\ldots ,x_{n})=\prod _{i=1}^{n}P(x_{i}\mid \pi _{i}),P(X_{i}\mid \pi _{i})\in K(X_{i}\mid \pi _{i})\}$
where $\mathrm {CH}$ denote the convex hull.

## Inference

Inference on a credal network is intended as the computation of the bounds of an expectation with respect to its strong extensions. When computing the bounds of a conditional event, inference is called updating. Say that the queried variable $X_{q}$ and the observed variables are $X_{E}$, the lower bound to be evaluated is:
    ${\underline {P}}(x_{q}\mid x_{E})=\min _{P(X_{1},\ldots ,X_{n})\in K(X_{1},\ldots ,X_{n})}{\frac {\sum _{X_{q},X_{E}}P(X_{1},\ldots ,X_{n})}{\sum _{X_{q}}P(X_{1},\ldots ,X_{n})}}.$
Being a generalization of the same problem for Bayesian networks, updating with credal networks is a NP-hard task. Yet a number of algorithm have been specified.
# Engineer (Afghan honorific)

Engineer is an honorific used in Afghanistan, which is commonly translated into English, rather than being transliterated, like "Mullah" or "Maulvi".

## Examples of Afghan politicians known by the honorific Engineer

* Hamid Karzai's first cabinet included Engineer Abdul Rahim -- the Afghan Communications Minister.
* Hamid Karzai appointed Engineer Mohammad Daoud as the Governor of Helmand Province in December 2005.
* Engineer Mohammad Alim Qarar was selected to the Wolesi Jirga from Lagham Province.
* Engineer Abdul Hakim was one of the signatories to the Bonn Conference that picked Hamid Karzai as President of the Afghan Interim Administration.
* Engineer Muhammad Harif Sarwari entered the Meshrano Jirga in 2005.
* Engineer Muhammad Hashim Ortaq entered the Meshrano Jirga in 2005.
# Lourensford Alluvium Fynbos

Lourensford Alluvium Fynbos is a critically endangered vegetation type that is endemic to Cape Town. Though closest to Fynbos, it has characteristics of both Fynbos and Renosterveld vegetation and is thus actually a unique hybrid vegetation type.

## Distribution

This ecosystem occurs only in what is now the eastern corner of the city - in and around the suburbs of Somerset West and Strand. It is located at the juncture between the mountain ranges in the east and the Cape Flats lowlands, and has a unique geology influenced by the underground flow of water from the mountains and the presence of a special kind of silt soil.
Restio and Asteraceous (daisy) species are most common, with Proteas and Ericas being relatively rarer. There are spots which are home to an unusually enormous variety and density of bulbs. Taller shrubs proliferate along the banks of streams.

## Conservation

This was one of the earliest of the Cape's vegetation types to be largely destroyed, as the Lourensford area was transformed for farming as early as the 1600s. Large farms such as Vergelegen were built on top of this delicate vegetation and as the first botanical surveys were only carried out many years later, there is no record of what has been lost. Commercial Pine plantations were planted over much of the remaining area and now only small pockets of this critically endangered ecosystem remain. Altogether, less than 5% still survives and less than 1% is conserved. This is unsustainable and well below the national conservation target of 30%. The tiny Harmony Flats reserve conserves a patch of this vegetation but even this is too small to be ecologically viable. Now the main threats come from domestic cats and dogs, dumping of garden refuse, sand theft and invasive alien plants such as wattles and Kikuyu grass.

### Fauna

The Geometric tortoise used to be found primarily in Alluvium Fynbos. Now, with its habitat largely destroyed, it is also critically endangered. Harmony Flats Nature Reserve, which conserves Alluvium Fynbos, lost its last population of these tortoises which became extinct here in the 1980s.
# Dirithromycin

Dirithromycin is a macrolide glycopeptide antibiotic.
Dirithromycin (Dynabac) is a more lipid-soluble prodrug derivative of 9S-erythromycyclamine prepared by condensation of the latter with 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)acetaldehyde. The 9N, 11O-oxazine ring thus formed is a hemi-aminal that is unstable under both acidic and alkaline aqueous conditions and undergoes spontaneous hydrolysis to form erythromycyclamine. Erythromycyclamine is a semisynthetic derivative of erythromycin in which the 9-ketogroup of the erythronolide ring has been converted to an amino group. Erythromycyclamine retains the antibacterial properties of erythromycin oral administration. The prodrug, dirithromycin, is provided as enteric coated tablets to protect it from acid catalyzed hydrolysis in the stomach. Orally administered dirithromycin is absorbed rapidly into the plasma, largely from the small intestine. Spontaneous hydrolysis to erythromycyclamine occurs in the plasma. Oral bioavailability is estimated to be about 10%, but food does not affect absorption of the prodrug.

## Discontinuation

Dirithromycin is no longer available in the United States. Since the production of dirithromycin is discontinued in the U.S., National Institutes of Health recommend that people taking dirithromycin should consult their physicians to discuss switching to another treatment. However, dirithromycin is still available in many European countries.
# Mayaca fluviatilis

Mayaca fluviatilis, also known as bog moss, is a perennial herbaceous submerged plant in the monogeneric family Mayacaceae. It is native to Central and South America, the Caribbean, and the United States where it is often sold as an aquarium plant. Through the aquatic plant trade, it has recently become naturalized in Sri Lanka, Singapore, and China. It has been identified in three locations in Australia (Innisfail and Mossman in Queensland and Taree in New South Wales) but more populations are likely in other parts of Australia as well.

## Description

The species was first described by the French botanist Jean Baptiste Christophore Fusée Aublet as La mayaque des rivieres in a tributary of the Sinnamary river in Guyana.
Mayaca fluviatilis has soft thin leaves arranged in spirals on white or pale green stems which frequently grow up to one meter in length. Flowers grow on single stalks, 2 to 5 cm long, and are roughly 1 cm in diameter. The flowers of Mayaca fluviatilis, like those of other Mayaca species, are lateral, heterochlamydeous (dissimilar sepals and petals in the whorls of the perianth), and isostemonous (has an equal number of stamens and petals). As a submerged plant, it is capable of growing in wet soil during the dry seasons. When submerged, it superficially resembles Hydrilla verticillata, a native aquatic plant of Sri Lanka.

## As an invasive species

Seeds are dispersed through the water, although specimens sold as aquarium plants are purported to be sterile. Stem fragments as small as 2 cm are capable of re-establishing new plants. When growing submerged Mayaca fluviatilis can form semi-floating mats in water up to 2 meters deep or as a semi-terrestrial plant in quasi-aquatic environments such as wetlands. Uncontrolled, these mats can block drains and irrigation channels, among other consequences. If the mats break free during flooding they are a risk to moored boats as well as bridges. There is also concern of Mayaca fluviatilis in Sri Lanka outcompeting endemic plants in already threatened habitats.
Hydrilla verticillata has been shown to outcompete Mayaca fluviatilis in experimental settings and may be useful as a way of controlling invasive growth.
# Athletics at the 2019 Pan American Games – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay

The women's 4 × 100 metres relay competition of the athletics events at the 2019 Pan American Games took place on 9 of August at the 2019 Pan American Games Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is United States.

## Summary

USA tried to use the advantage of USC teammates Chanel Brissett and Twanisha Terry on their first two legs. It didn't work because the two teammates didn't hand off at USC, USA found themselves in dead last at the first exchange. The lost their stagger advantage to Brazil on their inside, while on the far outside, Trinidad and Tobago and Canada with returning 2015 bronze medalists Khamica Bingham and Crystal Emmanuel were out ahead. Ecuador took too long to pass at the first exchange and were disqualified. Terry did gain some ground back from Brazil's Vitória Cristina Rosa on her leg. Brazil was first to make the second pass, with Trinidad arriving ahead of Canada but making a slow handoff from veteran Michelle-Lee Ahye to Mauricia Prieto. Peru and Bahamas disappeared at the second handoff. Shania Collins burned the turn for USA, catching up to within a step of Lorraine Martins for Brazil by the third handoff, ahead of Trinidad and Canada. It was a looking like battle as Lynna Irby would try to pull in Brazilian veteran Rosângela Santos but Irby's 400 speed was no match for Santos. Instead Canada's Leya Buchanan ran past Trinidad's veteran Kelly-Ann Baptiste and nipped Irby at the line for silver.

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
| World record | United States | 40.82 | London, United Kingdom | August 10, 2012 |
| Pan American Games record | United States | 42.58 | Toronto, Canada | July 25, 2015 |

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| August 9, 2019 | 18:55 | Final |

## Results

All times shown are in seconds.
| KEY: | q | Fastest non-qualifiers | Q | Qualified | NR | National record | PB | Personal best | SB | Seasonal best | DQ | Disqualified |

### Final

The results were as follows
| Rank | Lane | Nation | Name | Time | Notes |
| | 4 | Brazil | Andressa Fidelis, Vitória Cristina Rosa, Lorraine Martins, Rosângela Santos | 43.04 | SB |
| | 8 | Canada | Khamica Bingham, Crystal Emmanuel, Ashlan Best, Leya Buchanan | 43.37 | SB |
| | 5 | United States | Chanel Brissett, Twanisha Terry, Shania Collins, Lynna Irby | 43.39 | |
| 4 | 7 | Trinidad and Tobago | Kamaria Durant, Michelle-Lee Ahye, Mauricia Prieto, Kelly-Ann Baptiste | 43.57 | SB |
| 5 | 6 | Jamaica | Schillonie Calvert, Natasha Morrison, Ronda Whyte, Shashalee Forbes | 43.74 | |
| 6 | 1 | Venezuela | Nediam Vargas, Andrea Purica, Génesis Romero, Aries Sánchez | 44.73 | |
| | 3 | Bahamas | Devynne Charlton, Brianne Bethel, Pedrya Seymour, Tynia Gaither | DNF | |
| | 2 | Peru | Paola Mautino, Diana Bazalar, Giara Garate, Triana Alonso | DNF | |
| | 6 | Ecuador | Ángela Tenorio, Gabriela Suárez, Marina Poroso, Maribel Caicedo | DSQ | |
# Caenia

Caenia is a genus of net-winged beetles in the family Lycidae. There are at least 3 described species in Caenia.

## Species

* Caenia amplicornis LeConte, 1881
* Caenia dimidiata (Fabricius, 1801)
* Caenia sp-nova
# Coccocypselum

Coccocypselum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is native to Mexico, Central America, the West Indies and South America. All species of the genus Coccocypselum are herbaceous with fleshy, blue or purple fruits, and 4-petaled flowers.

## Species

* Coccocypselum anomalum K.Schum. - Brazil
* Coccocypselum aureum (Spreng.) Cham. & Schltdl. - from Cuba and Costa Rica south to Paraguay
* Coccocypselum bahiense C.B.Costa - Brazil (Bahia)
* Coccocypselum brevipetiolatum Steyerm. - Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru
* Coccocypselum capitatum (Graham) C.B.Costa & Mamede - Brazil
* Coccocypselum condalia Pers. - from Trinidad and Costa Rica south to Paraguay
* Coccocypselum cordifolium Nees & Mart. - from Cuba and Veracruz (in eastern Mexico) south to Paraguay
* Coccocypselum erythrocephalum Cham. & Schltdl. - Brazil, Paraguay
* Coccocypselum geophiloides Wawra - Brazil
* Coccocypselum glaberrimum Hadac - Cuba
* Coccocypselum glabrifolium Standl. - Brazil
* Coccocypselum guianense (Aubl.) K.Schum. - from Cuba and Tabasco (in southern Mexico) south to Paraguay
* Coccocypselum hasslerianum Chodat - Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina
* Coccocypselum herbaceum P.Browne ex Aubl. - Chiapas, Central America, Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia
* Coccocypselum hirsutum Bartl. ex DC. - from Trinidad and Mexico south to Brazil
* Coccocypselum hispidulum (Standl.) Standl. - Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia
* Coccocypselum lanceolatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. - from Cuba and Guatemala south to Paraguay
* Coccocypselum lymansmithii Standl. - Brazil, Paraguay
* Coccocypselum oblongatum Urb. - Cuba
* Coccocypselum ovatum Cham. & Schltdl. - Brazil (possibly extinct)
* Coccocypselum pedunculare Cham. & Schltdl. - Brazil
* Coccocypselum pulchellum Cham. - Brazil, Argentina
# 1992 National Camogie League

The 1992 National Camogie League is a competition in the women's team field sport of camogie was won by Cork, who defeated Wexford in the final, played at Enniscorthy.

## Arrangements

Wexford beat Dublin by 2-14 to 3-3 in the semi-final at O'Toole Park.

## The Final

Cork outclassed Wexford in the final on front of a large crowd at Bellefield, Enniscorthy. Two goals just before half time from Fiona O'Driscoll and Collette O'Mahony killed off any chance Wexford had, and left Cork 2-10 to 0-6 at half time. The Irish Press reported:
   Wexford squandered too many scoring opportunities during the game, their forwards having a completely off day.

## Division 2

The Junior National League, known since 2006 as Division Two, was won by Limerick who defeated Down in the final.

### Final stages

| Cork | Wexford |
Cork: :
| GK | 1 | Kathleen Costine (Killeagh) |
| FB | 2 | Breda Kenny |
| RWB | 3 | Paula Goggins (Inniscarra) |
| CB | 4 | Irene O'Leary 49' |
| LWB | 5 | Liz Towler |
| MF | 6 | Linda Mellerick (Glen Rovers) 0-1 |
| MF | 7 | Sandie Fitzgibbon (Glen Rovers) (Capt) 0-1 |
| MF | 8 | Denise Cronin 0-1 36' |
| RWF | 9 | Irene O'Keeffe (inniscarra) 0-3 |
| CF | 10 | Liz O'Neill 0-3 |
| LWF | 11 | Colette O'Mahony (St Finbarr's) 1-5 |
| FF | 12 | Fiona O'Driscoll (Fr O'Neill’s) 1-5 |
| Substitutes: ||||
| FF | | Liz Dunphy for Cronin 36' |
| RWF | | Therese O'Callaghan for Irene O'Leary 49' |
Wexford: :
| GK | 1 | Terri Butler (Buffers Alley) |
| FB | 2 | Tina Fitzhenry (Duffry Rovers) |
| RWB | 3 | Jean O'Leary (St Ibar's/Shelmalier) |
| CB | 4 | Catherine Murphy (Rathnure) (Capt) 0-4 |
| LWB | 5 | Deirdre Hearne (St Ibar's/Shelmalier) |
| MF | 6 | Paula Sinnott (Buffers Alley) |
| MF | 7 | Stellah Sinnott (Buffers Alley) 36' |
| MF | 8 | Geraldine Codd (Rathnure) |
| RWF | 9 | Ann Marie O'Connor (Rathnure) 0-2 |
| CF | 10 | Ann Reddy (Rathnure) 0-2 |
| LWF | 11 | Paula Rankin (Bunclody) 0-1 |
| FF | 12 | Máire Codd (Rathnure) |
| Substitutes: ||||
| FF | | Angie Hearne (St Ibar's/Shelmalier) for Sinnott 36' |
# Mo Said She Was Quirky

Mo Said She Was Quirky is a novel by James Kelman first published in 2012 by Hamish Hamilton. This novel is Kelman's first that is set in London, and also his first to feature a female principal character.

## Plot

The novel is about Helen, a 27-year-old Glaswegian, who lives in London and works in a casino. Helen has one daughter, Sophie, from a previous relationship, and she lives with her boyfriend Mo, whose family is from Pakistan.
At the start of the story, Helen is taking a taxi-ride home from work. She sees a homeless person walking past who she thinks is her brother Brian. The novel then follows Helen for the next 24 hours of her life.

## Reception

Writing in The Guardian, Adam Mars-Jones highlights what he sees as a lack of concrete details provided in Kelman's writing, which he likens to "The semi-arid ecology of Beckett's novels".
Boyd Tonkin of The Independent writes that Helen's casino workplace is "both a metaphor for winner-takes-all metropolitan life and keenly observed real workplace". He continues: "Kelman brings gentle humour and profound compassion to his tale of getting by in an unjust time and place."
# Coach driver

Coach driver may refer to:
* A carriage driver or (dated) coachman, see also coach (carriage)
* A bus driver, see also coach (bus)
# Dirioxa

Dirioxa is a genus of tephritid or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae. It occurs in Australia, mainly along the eastern coast.

## Species

* Dirioxa fuscipennis
* Dirioxa pornia
# Black Cop

Black Cop is a Canadian drama film, which premiered at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival. The full-length directorial debut of actor Cory Bowles, the film is an expansion of his earlier short film of the same name.
The film stars Ronnie Rowe as a Black Canadian police officer who himself becomes the victim of racial profiling, and takes revenge on his community.
In February 2018, the film was picked up by Samuel Goldwyn Films for distribution in the United States.

## Plot
### Part 1

The film starts off with an African Canadian cop (Ronnie Rowe) recalling his childhood. When he was young, a little boy called him a name relating to a candy bar and he did nothing. After hearing this offensive name multiple times he eventually responded with picking up his textbook and beating him over the head with it. During this part he makes remarks on how his race alienates him because he is a cop: His father (who died before he got his badge) told his son that if you are ever stopped by the police even for the time you should put your hands up and freeze. He ends this part by saying that he never really did listen to his father.

## Awards and accolades

At the 2017 Vancouver International Film Festival, Black Cop won the award for Best Canadian Film. At the 6th Canadian Screen Awards in 2018, the film won the John Dunning Discovery Award.
Bowles received a nomination for the Directors Guild of Canada's DGC Discovery Award in 2017.
# Californian (schooner)

Californian is a 1984 replica of the United States Revenue Marine cutter Lawrence, which operated off the coast of California in the 1850s. On July 23, 2003, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed Bill No. 965, making her the "official state tall ship" of California.
Originally commissioned by the Nautical Heritage Society, she has flown the flag of California up and down the coast and in ports ranging from Hawaii, Mexico, and the East Coast. Originally built and operated as a sailing school vessel based in Newport Beach. She also represented the state at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. The model for her figurehead was actress Catherine Bach, who was chosen as she was descended from one of the state's early families.
The Maritime Museum of San Diego acquired Californian from the Nautical Heritage Society in June 2002 through a grant from the Sheila Potiker Family Foundation of San Diego. The California Coastal Conservancy provided the Maritime Museum of San Diego with a US$300,000 grant to complete restoration of the Californian in February 2003. After the overhaul was completed in August 2003 Californian returned to providing sail training and sea educational programs up and down the California coast.