OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Commonwealth final

The Commonwealth final was a Motorcycle speedway final sanctioned by the FIM as a qualifying round for the Speedway World Championship between 1979 and 1994.
Introduced to the World Championship in 1979, it served as a qualifying round for Commonwealth riders, primarily those from Australia, England and New Zealand.
The Commonwealth final was not run from 1981 to 1985, during which time riders who qualified through their national championship were through to the Overseas Final. It returned to the World Championship calendar in 1986 and lasted until 1994, the last year of the traditional single meeting World Championship final before the advent of the Speedway Grand Prix World championship series in 1995.

## Editions

All 11 Commonwealth finals were held in England. Kelvin Tatum was the most successful Commonwealth finalist, winning four finals (1987, 1988, 1990 and 1992). Reigning Australian Champion Leigh Adams was the only non-English winner when he took out the 1993 Final.
| Year | Venue | Winners | Runner-up | 3rd place |
| 1979 | London White City Stadium | Michael Lee | Billy Sanders | Dave Jessup |
| 1980 | London Wimbledon Stadium | Dave Jessup | John Louis | Ivan Mauger |
| 1981-1985 - not held ||||
| 1986 | Manchester Belle Vue Stadium | Jeremy Doncaster | Kelvin Tatum | Chris Morton |
| 1987 | Manchester Belle Vue Stadium | Kelvin Tatum | Simon Cross | Marvyn Cox |
| 1988 | King's Lynn Norfolk Arena | Kelvin Tatum | Mitch Shirra | Simon Wigg |
| 1989 | Manchester Belle Vue Stadium | Simon Wigg | Mitch Shirra | Neil Collins |
| 1990 | Manchester Belle Vue Stadium | Kelvin Tatum | Martin Dugard | Simon Cross |
| 1991 | King's Lynn Norfolk Arena | Jeremy Doncaster | Leigh Adams | Joe Screen |
| 1992 | King's Lynn Norfolk Arena | Kelvin Tatum | Mark Thorpe | Gary Havelock |
| 1993 | King's Lynn Norfolk Arena | Leigh Adams | Andy Smith | Martin Dugard |
| 1994 | King's Lynn Norfolk Arena | Mark Loram | Martin Dugard | Joe Screen |
# Commonwealth men

The Commonwealth men, Commonwealthmen, Commonwealth's men, or Commonwealth Party were highly outspoken British Protestant religious, political, and economic reformers during the early 18th century. They were active in the movement called the Country Party. They promoted republicanism and had a great influence on Republicanism in the United States, but little impact in Britain.
The most noted Commonwealthmen were John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon, who wrote the seminal work Cato's Letters between 1720 and 1723. Other members include Robert Crowley, Henry Brinkelow, Thomas Beccon, Thomas Lever, and John Hales. They condemned corruption and lack of morality in British political life, theorizing that only civic virtue could protect a country from despotism and ruin.
Their criticism about enclosure and the general material plight of the poor were particularly notable to early twentieth-century scholars like Richard Tawney who saw in them a valuable though regrettably abortive form of Christian socialism that represented a preferable alternative to the view of Max Weber that Protestantism enabled and sustained the rise of capitalism. On the other hand, it has been argued that the Commonwealthmen "by no means stand against an individualistic or capitalistic spirit, and — despite what [for example, historians JGA Pocock and Gordon Wood] have claimed — are far from espousing classical virtue or the Aristotelian conception of man as zoon politikon [a political animal]."
Although nearly all British politicians and thinkers rejected the ideas of the Commonwealthmen in the eighteenth century, these writers had a powerful effect on British colonial America. It is estimated that half the private libraries in the American Colonies held bound volumes of Cato's Letters on their shelves.
# Ion Cazacliu

Ion Cazacliu (born in 1869, Cușelăuca, Șoldănești District, Bessarabia - died in 1933, Chişinău) official, Romanian politician, member of the Moldovan Parliament.

## Biography

He served as Member of the Moldovan Parliament (1917–1918). The Cazacliu family played an important role in the Great Union; Ion Cazacliu was the uncle of Grigore Cazacliu and Vladimir Cazacliu (the two, Grigore and Vladimir were brothers).

## Gallery

* Moldovan stamp, 1998
# Internet exchange points in Ukraine

Public Internet exchange points in Ukraine are:
* UA-IX in Kyiv
* Digital Telecom Internet Exchange (DTEL-IX) in Kyiv
* Giganet in Kyiv, Odesa, Kharkiv, Moscow, Warsaw
* Lviv Internet Exchange (LVIV-IX) in Lviv
* Donetsk Internet Exchange Point (EUNIC-IX) in Donetsk
* Kharkiv Internet Exchange (KH-IX) in Kharkiv
* Kherson Internet Exchange (KHS-IX) in Kherson
* Odesa Internet Exchange site (OD-IX) in Odesa
* Zaporizhzhia Internet Exchange (ZP-IX) in Zaporizhzhia
The most popular of these is the UA-IX with over 218 members and over 1000 Gbit/s steady throughput during peak hours on weekdays. However the most highloaded is Giganet with more than 380 members and over 2600 Gbit/s.
# Christiaan Boers

Christianus Franciscus Johannes Boers (24 October 1889 – 3 May 1942) was a captain in the Royal Netherlands Army during World War II who scored one of the few Allied victories during the German invasion of the Netherlands, by rallying his men in holding off and pushing back the German attackers during the Battle of the Afsluitdijk, fought from 12 to 14 May 1940.
After the capitulation of Dutch forces on 15 May, Boers joined the Dutch resistance and the Ordedienst, an illegal organization set up to preserve order once the Germans were defeated and had been driven from the country. The organization was led almost entirely by ex-army officers, but had been infiltrated by a German informant. Subsequently, Boers and other members were arrested over the spring and summer of 1941. After a mass trial, Boers was executed at Sachsenhausen concentration camp in 1942.
Boers is often described as a "professional officer" and a "natural leader" by modern Dutch historiography, being one of only a few successful Dutch military commanders during the German invasion. Boers was posthumously awarded the Bronze Cross on 9 May 1946, for his actions as commander of Fort Kornwerderzand. Close to the fort, a monument was dedicated to Boers' memory, later the same month. In June 2005, the Kornwerderzand viaduct was renamed the Captain Boers Viaduct, the sign being unveiled by Boers' son and grandson.
# King Faisal Mosque

King Faisal Mosque may refer to:
* Faisal Mosque in Islamabad, Pakistan
* King Faisal Mosque, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
# Colorado's 22nd Senate district

Colorado's 22nd Senate district is one of 35 districts in the Colorado Senate. It has been represented by Democrat Jessie Danielson since 2023. Prior to redistricting the district was represented by Democrats Brittany Pettersen and Andy Kerr.

## Geography

District 22 is based in the Denver suburb of Lakewood in Jefferson County, also stretching south to cover Dakota Ridge and Ken Caryl.
The district overlaps with Colorado's 1st, 2nd, and 7th congressional districts, and with the 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, and 28th districts of the Colorado House of Representatives.

## Recent election results

Colorado state senators are elected to staggered four-year terms; under normal circumstances, the 22nd district holds elections in midterm years. The 2022 election was the first held under the state's new district lines.

### 2022

Senator Brittany Pettersen ran and won Colorado's 7th congressional district in 2022, and Senator Jessie Danielson, who currently represents the neighboring 20th district, won the 22nd district election.
2022 Colorado State Senate election, District 22 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Jessie Danielson | 46,508 | 67.3 |
| | Republican | Colby Drechsel | 22,609 | 32.7 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 69,177 | 100 |

## Historical election results
### 2018

2018 Colorado State Senate election, District 22 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Brittany Pettersen | 42,747 | 58.2 |
| | Republican | Tony Sanchez | 30,754 | 41.8 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 73,501 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

### 2014

2014 Colorado State Senate election, District 22 :
| Primary election |||||
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Tony Sanchez | 6,848 | 66.6 |
| | Republican | Mario Nicolais | 3,441 | 33.4 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 10,289 | 100 |
| General election |||||
| | Democratic | Andy Kerr (incumbent) | 30,510 | 51.1 |
| | Republican | Tony Sanchez | 29,174 | 48.9 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 59,684 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

### 2012

Following 2012 redistricting, 22nd district incumbent Tim Neville was drawn out of his district and resigned to run instead for the 16th district in 2014, leaving the 22nd district open and triggering an off-cycle election.
2012 Colorado State Senate election, District 22 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Andy Kerr | 38,845 | 52.6 |
| | Republican | Ken Summers | 35,008 | 47.4 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 73,853 | 100 |
| | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican |

### Federal and statewide results

| Year | Office | Results |
| 2020 | President | Biden 58.3 – 38.8% |
| 2018 | Governor | Polis 55.1 – 40.7% |
| 2016 | President | Clinton 49.9 – 41.2% |
| 2014 | Senate | Udall 48.0 – 45.9% |
| 2014 | Governor | Hickenlooper 51.4 – 43.8% |
| 2012 | President | Obama 53.0 – 44.7% |
# Joyn

Joyn may refer to:
* Joyn (streaming platform), a German streaming company
* Rich Communication Services, a communication protocol
# Andreas Hallander

Andreas Hallander (13 November 1755 – 3 April 1828) was a Danish master carpenter and architect who made a significant contribution to the city of Copenhagen. Together with the buildings of Johan Martin Quist, his classically styled apartment houses form part of the legacy of 19th-century Danish Golden Age architects who reconstructed areas of the old town which had been destroyed in the Great Fire of 1795.

## Early life and education

Hallander was the son of Jens Nielsen Hallander, a miller. Trained as a carpenter, he studied architecture at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts under the influential C.F. Harsdorff, winning the large silver medal in 1780.

## Career

His buildings are in the neoclassical style favoured by Harsdorff. He was one of the small group of Harsdorff's students from the Academy who were largely responsible for the rebuilding of Copenhagen after the fires.
These builders formed a close-knit group, reinforced by their membership of the civil guard and fire corps. They married each other's daughters and widows and acted as godfathers at christenings. Huge fortunes were made as they bought plots of land, built them up and sold them again. Hallander was an enormously productive speculator and builder. He was one of the main contributors to the classical architecture of Copenhagen, predominant in large sections of the city centre. Most of his buildings are now listed.

## Personal life

He married Emilie Tønnesen, daughter of skipper Jan Jansen Tønnesen and Bodil Hansdatter. He is buried in Assistens Cemetery.

## Selected works

* Bredgade 33, Copenhagen (1794)
# Andreas Hamnes

Andreas Hamnes (born 21 August 1941) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Akershus during the term 2005–2009.
He was mayor of Skedsmo from 1991 to 2006. He was forced to resign following the Nedre Romerike Vannverk scandal.
# Andreas Hansen

Andreas Hansen may refer to:
* Andreas Nicolai Hansen (1798–1893), Danish businessman and landowner
* Andreas Falkvard Hansen (born 1966), Faroese football defender
* Andreas Granskov Hansen (born 1989), Danish footballer
* Andreas Hansen (footballer) (born 1995), Danish football goalkeeper
* Andreas Hansen (cyclist) (born 1869), Danish cyclist
# Andres Luure

Andres Luure (born 22 May 1959, in Tallinn) is an Estonian philosopher and translator, and a researcher at Tallinn University.
Luure graduated from the Moscow State University in 1983, majoring in mathematics. In 1998, he successfully defended his MA thesis titled "A combinatorial model of referring". In 2006, he successfully defended his Ph. D. thesis titled "Duality and sextets: a new structure of categories" in semiotics at the University of Tartu.
Luure has translated philosophical works into Estonian, including titles by Ludwig Wittgenstein, Jürgen Habermas and Gilbert Ryle.

## Recognition

In 2008, Luure was recognised by Estonian Volunteering Development Centre as the Volunteer of the Year for his contribution to the Estonian Wikipedia. He received the Order of the White Star, 5th Class in 2013 for his contribution to the Estonian Wikipedia.
# Andrew Wilkinson (British politician)

Andrew Wilkinson (1697–1784), of Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, was a British estate manager and Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons for 35 years between 1735 and 1772.
Wilkinson was the son of Charles Wilkinson of Boroughbridge and his wife Deborah Cholmley, daughter of Richard Cholmley of Bramham, Yorkshire. He was admitted at Clare College, Cambridge on 2 July 1715 and at the Middle Temple on 8 July 1719. He married Barbara Jessop, daughter of William Jessop of Broom Hall near Sheffield on 2 September 1723.
Wilkinson's father was the Yorkshire estate agent of successive Dukes of Newcastle, and from 1718 was the receiver-general of the land tax for Yorkshire, Northumberland and Durham until he resigned in 1727. Wilkinson then became receiver of the land tax for West Rising. Shortly afterwards it was discovered that Wilkinson's father was in debt to the Government for over £30,000 and consequently spent the rest of his life as a crown debtor in Newgate prison. Wilkinson's own position as receiver was in jeopardy until his father-in-law Jessop offered to stand surety for him.
Wilkinson was invited to stand for parliament at Boroughbridge at the 1734 British general election, but the Duke of Newcastle advised him to wait until Aldborough became available. When his father-in-law William Jessop died in 1735, Wilkinson gave up his post as receiver and was returned as Member of Parliament for Aldborough at a by-election on 19 February 1735. He was returned unopposed as MP for Aldborough at the 1741 British general election and was awarded the post of Clerk of Deliveries in the Ordnance in May 1741. In 1746 he was promoted to Storekeeper of the Ordnance and was re-elected to parliament on the consequential parliament on 23 April 1746. He was returned unopposed again at the 1747 British general election.
Wilkinson continued to act as Newcastle's estate agent and electoral manager for Yorkshire and was returned unopposed again for Aldborough in 1754 and 1761. However, he voted against the Government on the peace preliminaries in December 1762 and as a result was dismissed from his post at the Ordnance. He was restored to the post in September 1765, but had to give up his parliamentary seat and was unable to recontest it because it was required for Viscount Villiers. Wilkinson applied to the Duke of Newcastle to be returned to Parliament again and was returned for Aldborough at the 1768 British general election. He was absent for many votes and resigned his seat in May 1772 by applying for the post of Steward of the Manor of East Hendred.
Wilkinson died on 29 March 1784, leaving seven sons. Broom Hall was left to his eldest son, Rev. James Wilkinson. His third son, also named Andrew, became a captain in the Royal Navy.
# Andrew Cooney (Irish republican)

Andrew Cooney (22 April 1897 – 4 August 1968) was an Irish republican from Nenagh, County Tipperary, who later settled in the United States. He studied medicine at University College Dublin just as the Irish War of Independence was getting underway, and he played for a brief spell with the College's hurling club. He joined the Third Battalion of the Dublin Brigade of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) eventually being named Chief of Staff.

## Biography

On 21 November 1920 (Bloody Sunday (1920)) Cooney was one of the Volunteers who shot six British Army Intelligence officers (three were killed) at 28 Upper Pembroke Street, Dublin. After the Anglo-Irish truce of July 1921, Cooney was appointed Officer Commanding (O/C) of the 1st Kerry Brigade, IRA, and reorganised it. He opposed the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 and in March 1922 was appointed Commandant of the 1st Eastern Division of the anti-Treaty IRA in the Irish Civil War.
The same year he was captured by Free State forces and interned in Mountjoy Prison, where he became O/C of the prisoners in C Wing. He accepted responsibility for an attempted escape bid on 10 October 1922 in which a fellow prisoner Peadar Breslin was killed and another man was wounded. He was released in 1924. He succeeded Frank Aiken as Chief of Staff of the IRA in 1925; after eight months in that role, he departed on a fund-raising trip to the United States, but soon returned. Cooney won his only Fitzgibbon Medal with UCD in 1927. His service for the UCD team ended when he qualified as a medical doctor in 1928.
In 1933, Cooney unveiled a memorial to Terence Bellew McManus at the old Republican plot in Glasnevin Cemetery, Dublin. Thereafter, semi-retired from active republicanism, he continued to be a regular orator at gatherings, and he was a founder of the short-lived Cumann Poblachta na hÉireann party in 1936. Cooney emigrated to the United States in the 1940s; he died on 4 August 1968 at Carroll County General Hospital, Carroll County, Maryland, at age 71. Andy Cooney is buried in his native land at Neenagh, Co. Tipperary.
# Andrezel

Andrezel (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.

## History

* The Pope Martin IV was born on the territory of Andrezel.

## Demographics

The inhabitants are called Andrezeliens.

## Places of interest

* Park of the chateau.
# Andrew Gold (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
Andrew Gold is the first album by singer-songwriter Andrew Gold. It was released in 1975 on Asylum Records. Linda Ronstadt, of whose band Gold was a member at the time, appears on the album.

## Reception

Rolling Stone's Stephen Holder said the album was "one of the year's most melodic" and "expresses, with warmth, humor and expertise, a special feeling for mid-Sixties rock." Holder notes that Gold "recaptures the essential spirit of 1964-65 Beatles music" and that his "ballads are as captivating as his rockers, if not more so."
AllMusic's James Chrispell retrospectively said the album contains "[a]n abundance of riches." Noting "[t]here are great Beatlesque melodies here, as well as heartfelt love songs that are Gold's specialties."

## Covers

Leo Sayer covered Gold's song "Endless Flight" on his 1976 Endless Flight album.

## Track listing

All songs written by Andrew Gold, except where noted.

## Personnel

* Andrew Gold – vocals, electric piano (1), guitars (1-8, 10), bass (1, 3, 4, 8, 10), drums (1, 3, 4, 8, 10), percussion (1-8, 10), acoustic piano (2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9), organ (3), marxophone (9)
* Dan Dugmore – pedal steel guitar (7)
* Kenny Edwards – backing vocals (1-6, 10), bass (2, 6, 7), lead guitar (5)
* Peter Bernstein – bass (5)
* Mike Botts – drums (2)
* Gene Garfin – backing vocals (1, 5, 10), drums (5)
* David Kemper – drums (6, 7)
* Bobby Keys – saxophones (4)
* Trevor Lawrence – saxophones (4)
* David Campbell – string arrangements and conductor
* Don Francisco – backing vocals (1, 4)
* Linda Ronstadt – backing vocals (2, 3)

## Production

* Chuck Plotkin – producer
* Val Garay – engineer
* Michael Boshears – recording
* Jeff Hawks – assistant engineer
* Doug Sax – mastering
* The Mastering Lab (Hollywood, California) – mastering location
* Glen Christensen – art direction
* Tommy Steele – design
* Bill Imhoff – illustration
* Ken McGowan – photography
* Norman Epstein – management

## Charts

The single "That's Why I Love You" spent 5 weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 beginning in January 1976, ultimately peaking at #68.
# Hamnholmen

Halmholmen is a Swedish island belonging to the Piteå archipelago. The island is located off the coast of Rosvik in the Bastafjord. It is located between Trundön and the mainland. The island has no shore connection. There are some summer houses on the island, so there is also a path running from north to south. On the island, a stream flows from east to west.
# Hallendrup

Hallendrup is a small village in Favrskov Municipality in Denmark. There's a small village of the same name 36 km to the east in Norddjurs Municipality.
In 2020, the city council of Hallendrup voted in favor of building six large wind turbines.
# Andrew Legg

Andrew Legg is a Tasmanian musician and director of the Southern Gospel Choir, which he runs through the Tasmanian Conservatorium of Music. He is the Head of School at the Conservatorium, as well as a contemporary piano & keyboard tutor. He is also Director of Music at St Clements Anglican Church, Kingston.
Legg is trained as a classical pianist, composer and teacher but is best known for his work in contemporary music, especially gospel, soul and jazz.
Legg has worked with US gospel artists Myron Butler, Kirk Franklin, Horace Boyer, Marvin Weatherford and Xanielle Davis. He has undertaken postgraduate studies at the Tuskegee Institute and the Martin Luther King University examining African-American history and the growth of gospel music. He gained his PhD in 2008.

## The Southern Gospel Choir

Legg formed the Southern Gospel Choir and the "Very Righteous Gospel Band" in 2000, soon after becoming a staff member at the Conservatorium.
The Very Righteous Gospel Band includes: Alistair Dobson (saxophone) Steve Marskell (drums) Randal Muir (Hammond organ) Bob Tolputt (bass guitar)

## Discography

* 1995: Solo album Spark In The Dark
* 2005: Great Day with The Southern Gospel Choir
* 2009: High On a Mountain with The Southern Gospel Choir