OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Influenza A segment 7 splice site

The 3' splice site of the influenza A virus segment 7 pre-mRNA can adopt two different types of RNA structure: a pseudoknot and a hairpin. This conformational switch is proposed to play a role in RNA alternative splicing and may influence the production of M1 and M2 proteins produced by splicing of this pre-mRNA.

## Overview

This structured region was first discovered in a bioinformatics survey of influenza A based on thermodynamic folding free energy and amino acid codon suppression. Initial models of the secondary structure were based on computational methods for Nucleic acid structure prediction. The hairpin conformation was predicted using RNAalifold, while the pseudoknot was predicted with DotKnot.
Segment 7 encodes the M1 protein and the smaller M2 proton channel protein, which is produced by RNA splicing. M2 protein is critical to the virus: it forms the ion channels that allow for acidification of the virion that stimulates in un-coating. The 3' splice site region used to produce M2 was experimentally probed with structure-sensitive chemicals and enzymes and was found to adopt both the hairpin and pseudoknot conformations in solution. Each conformation places important splicing regulatory sites in different structural environments, which has implications for the modulation of splicing of the segment 7 transcript. For example, the splice site, polypyrimidine tract, branch point, and ASF/SF2 exonic enhancer binding sites are expected to be more accessible in the hairpin conformation and less accessible in the pseudoknot (Figure 1). By shifting the equilibrium between the pseudoknot and hairpin it may be possible to reduce or enhance M2 splicing, respectively.

## Potentially shared mechanism

This putative mechanism may also be one that is common to spliced influenza transcripts. A similarly placed, but structurally distinct, influenza virus pseudoknot/hairpin was also described in the 3' splice site of segment 8 transcripts, which encode the NP and, by splicing, NEP proteins. These structures form a family of structured RNAs shared between influenza A and influenza B

## Host species specific structural stability

The 3' splice site structures in influenza A segment 7 show host-species specific trends in structural stability. The greatest number of structurally stabilizing mutations occur in avian specific strains, while the most structurally destabilizing mutations occurred in human strains: swine fell in between. This general trend in stability: avian, swine, human, roughly follows the temperatures at which the influenza virus reproduces within each host species. The temperatures of the avian gut and the swine and human lung are 42, 37, and 34 degrees Celsius, respectively. This observation is a local instance of a global trend in influenza A coding sequences, where avian, swine, and human strains show different stability. It may be the case that RNA structure is more stable in hosts where the replication temperature is high in order to preserve functional structures or important structural equilibria.
# Influenza A virus subtype H10N7

Influenza A virus subtype H10N7 (A/H10N7) is a subtype of the species Influenza A virus (sometimes called bird flu virus). H10N7 was first reported in humans in Egypt in 2004. It caused illness in two one-year-old infants, and residents of Ismailia, Egypt; one child's father, and a poultry merchant.
The first reported H10N7 outbreak in the US occurred in Minnesota on two turkey farms in 1979 and on a third in 1980. "The clinical signs ranged from severe, with a mortality rate as high as 31%, to subclinical. Antigenically indistinguishable viruses were isolated from healthy mallards on a pond adjacent to the turkey farms".
The Influenza A (H10N7) virus was also held responsible for an increased mortality of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in Europe in 2014. First cases were reported in spring 2014 in Sweden and subsequently spread to Denmark. Within a few months the virus spread to the Wadden Sea area of Germany and the Netherlands causing the death of about 10% of the local harbour seal population.
# Babulal Patodi

Babulal Patodi (1920-2012) was an Indian social worker and freedom activist. He was a senior member of the Indian National Congress and the president of the Indore Congress Committee from 1949–50 and 1953-54. He also served as M.L.A. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian award of the Padma Shri, in 1991. He died on 25 January 2012, aged 92. A statue has been installed at top Gomatgiri hills in his honour.
# Ingerthorpe

Ingerthorpe is a hamlet and former civil parish about 7 miles (11 km) from Harrogate, now in the parish of Markington with Wallerthwaite, in the Harrogate district, in the county of North Yorkshire, England. In 1931 the parish had a population of 64.

## History

The name "Ingerthorpe" means 'Ingrid's outlying farm/settlement'. Earthworks that are purported to be Ingerthorpe medieval village are visible on historic air photos, however they have been listed as rejected or doubtful. Ingerthorpe is not in the Domesday Book and wasn't mentioned before the late 12th century. Ingerthorpe was formerly a township in the parish of Ripon, from 1866 Ingerthorpe was a civil parish in its own right until it was abolished and merged with Markington with Wallerthwaite on 1 April 1937.
# BYU Law Review

The Brigham Young University Law Review is a law journal edited by students at Brigham Young University's J. Reuben Clark Law School. The journal publishes six issues per annual volume, with each issue generally including several professional articles and a number of student notes and comments.

## Annual symposia

The Brigham Young University Law Review typically publishes the proceedings of the annual International Law & Religion Symposium, sponsored by the BYU International Center for Law & Religious Studies, in the second issue of each volume. It also hosts and publishes the concomitant work of an annual faculty-organized symposium on a salient legal topic.

## Notable articles

* Floyd, C. Douglas. "The ALI, Supplemental Jurisdiction, and the Federal Constitutional Case" (PDF). BYU Law Review. 1995 (3): 877–414.
* Olson, Theodore B. "The Advocate as Friend: The Solicitor General's Stewardship Through the Example of Rex E. Lee" (PDF). BYU Law Review. 2003 (1): 3–36.
* Peters, Wm. C. "On Law, Wars, and Mercenaries: The Case for Courts-Martial Jurisdiction over Civilian Contractor Misconduct in Iraq" (PDF). BYU Law Review. 2006 (1): 367–414.
* Elizabeth, Cosenza. "The Holy Grail of Corporate Governance Reform: Independence or Democracy?" (PDF). BYU Law Review. 2007 (1): 1–51.
# Ingvild Bryn

Ingvild Bryn (born 18 March 1961) is a Norwegian journalist. She is a news anchor for the evening news Dagsrevyen, aired on the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation.

## Biography

She started as a news anchor in 1990, was then a correspondent in Washington, D.C. from 1996 to 1999 before returning to her post. She was, together with Morten Harket, the official presenter of the Eurovision Song Contest 1996.
She has education from the Volda University College and the University of Oslo. She is a proponent of Nynorsk and received the Nynorsk User of the Year award in 2012.
She hails from Voss. Her sister Herborg Bryn [no] is a Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation journalist. She is married to Svein Gjerdåker, and they have two adopted children.
# Bailly

Bailly may refer to:

## People

* Alexis Bailly (1798–1860), American politician and fur trader
* Alice Bailly (1872–1938), Swiss painter
* Anatole Bailly (1833–1911), French Hellenist
* Auguste Bailly (1878–1967), French historian and novelist
* Benjamin Bailly (born 1990), Belgian racing driver
* Blanche Bailly (born 1995), Cameroonian singer
* Colette Bailly (born 1928), French pianist and composer
* David Bailly (1584–1657), Dutch Golden Age painter
* Dominique Bailly (born 1960), French politician
* Earl Bailly (1903–1977), Canadian painter
* Edmond Bailly (1850–1916), French librarian and publisher
* Edmond Bailly (footballer) (fl. 1928), Swiss footballer
* Eric Bailly (born 1994), Ivorian footballer
* Ernest Joseph Bailly (1753–1823), Flemish painter
* François Bailly (c. 1630–1690), French mason and architect in Canada
* Gérard Bailly (born 1940), French politician
* Guillaume Bailly (died 1696), French Sulpician missionary to Canada
* Henri de Bailly (died 1637), French composer
* Henry G. Bailly (1828-1865), American politician and businessman
* Jacques Bailly (born 1966), Scripps National Spelling Bee's official pronouncer
* Jean-Baptiste Bailly (1822–1880), French ornithologist
* Jean-Christophe Bailly (born 1949), French writer
* Jean Sylvain Bailly (1736–1793), French astronomer and orator, one of the leaders of the early part of the French Revolution
* Joseph Bailly (1774–1835), French-Canadian fur trader and pioneer
* Joseph A. Bailly (1823 or 1825–1883), American sculptor
* Logan Bailly (born 1985), Belgian football goalkeeper
* Louis Bailly (1882–1974), French-Canadian violist
* Mary Cecilia Bailly (1815-1898), American nun and general superior of the Sisters of Providence of Saint Mary-of-the-Woods, Indiana
* Martine Bailly (born 1946), French cellist
* Pierre Bailly (1889–1973), French architect
* Rosa Bailly (1890–1976), French teacher, journalist and writer
* Sandrine Bailly (born 1979), French biathlete
* Séry Bailly (1948–2018), Ivorian academic, politician, and writer
* Simon Bailly (fl. 1416), English politician
* Thomas Bailly (fl. 1397), English politician

## Places
### Canada

* Bailly Lake (Saint-Cyr River South), Quebec

### France

* Bailly, Oise
* Bailly, Yvelines
* Bailly-aux-Forges, Haute-Marne
* Bailly-en-Rivière, Seine-Maritime
* Bailly-le-Franc, Aube
* Bailly-Romainvilliers, Seine-et-Marne
* Baily, in the commune of Saint-Bris-le-Vineux, Yonne

## Other uses

* Bailly (crater), a lunar crater
* Bailly Generating Station, in Indiana
* Bailiff
# Andreas Rothkopf

Andreas Rothkopf (born 10 October 1955 in Dillingen, Saarland) is a German organist, pianist and music educator.

## Life

After his first piano lessons with his father, Rothkopf studied Catholic church music and music education with Robert Leonardy at the Hochschule für Musik Saar in Saarbrücken from 1972 to 1978. (piano) and Paul Schneider (organ). As a scholarship holder of the German National Academic Foundation, he studied at the Hochschule für Musik Köln (organ with Michael Schneider, piano with Günter Ludwig and conducting with Volker Wangenheim). Supplementary organ studies followed with Marie-Claire Alain.
In 1986, he received a professorship for organ at the Hochschule für Musik Saar in Saarbrücken.
Rothkopf's concert activities as an organist and pianist have taken him to numerous countries in Europe and Asia. He has also recorded organ works by Robert Schumann, Franz Liszt and Max Reger on CD.
# James Cockerill

Charles James Cockerill (1787 – 1837) was a British entrepreneur.
Cockerill was the son of William Cockerill and was in business with his brothers John and William Jr. Together with his brother John, he married a daughter of the Aachen industrialist Philipp Heinrich Pastor on the same day. He married Catherina and John married Johanna. In 1816 the two brothers went into business with William II of the Netherlands and founded the Cockerill company in Seraing, near Liège. James retired in 1820, leaving control of the business to John.
James and Catherina had the children Amalia (who married Cockerill plant manager Barthold Suermondt), Philipp Heinrich, Adele, Charles James II, Charles Frederic, Nancy, and Caroline. After his death he was survived by his wife and children. Since his brother died in 1840 without issue the family fortune was managed by Barthold, and together with the Adele Cockerill foundation, they founded the Suermondt-Ludwig-Museum.
# List of Chinese-English translators

This is a list of Chinese-English translators.
Lists and biographies of translators of contemporary literature (fiction, essays, poetry) are maintained by Paper Republic, Modern Chinese Literature and Culture (MCLC), and on the Renditions Translator database.

## A

* Eric Abrahamsen

## B

* John Balcom
* Geremie Barme
* Samuel Beal
* Charles Henry Brewitt-Taylor
* Witter Bynner

## C

* Yuen Ren Chao
* Chen Maiping
* Cheng Yang-ping
* Chi Pang-yuan
* Thomas Cleary
* Arthur Cooper (translator)

## D

* Homer H. Dubs

## F

* Gia-Fu Feng

## G

* Herbert Giles
* Lionel Giles
* Howard Goldblatt — translator of contemporary Chinese fiction
* Eleanor Goodman - translator of contemporary Chinese poetry
* Gu Hongming
* Robert van Gulik

## H

* Lloyd Haft
* Nicky Harman
* David Hawkes (sinologist) — translator of the Chinese classic Story of the Stone or Dream of the Red Chamber, by Cao Xueqin
* David Hinton
* Brian Holton (translator)
* Huang Ai

## I

* Jeremy Ingalls

## J

* Linda Jaivin

## K

* George Kao
* Gregory B. Lee
* Mabel Lee
* James Legge
* Sylvia Li-chun Lin
* Lin Wusong
* Perry Link
* Julia Lovell
* Charles Luk

## L

* Ken Liu

## M

* John Minford
* Stephen Mitchell (translator)

## P

* Martin Palmer
* David Pollard
* Ezra Pound

## Q

* Qiu Xiaolong

## R

* Michael Rank
* Jo Riley
* Rudolf Ritsema
* David Tod Roy

## S

* Michael Saso
* Sidney Shapiro
* William Edward Soothill
* Fiona Sze-Lorrain

## T

* Jeremy Tiang
* Robert Thom (translator)

## U

* Edna W. Underwood

## V

* Laura Veirs

## W

* Arthur Waley
* Wang Chi-chen
* Helen Wang — translator of contemporary Chinese literature, especially fiction for children
* Annelise Finegan Wasmoen - winner of 2015 Best Translated Book Award
* Burton Watson
* Honey Watson
* Thomas Watters
* Timothy C. Wong

## X

* Xu Yuanchong

## Y

* Gladys Yang
* Yang Xianyi
# 1971 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's team

The 1971 World Table Tennis Championships – Swaythling Cup (men's team) was the 31st edition of the men's team championship.
China won the gold medal defeating Japan 5–2 in the final. Yugoslavia won the bronze medal after winning the third place play off.

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| | China Li Fu-jung Li Ching-kuang Liang Ko-liang Hsi En-ting Chuang Tse-tung | Japan Nobuhiko Hasegawa Tetsuo Inoue Shigeo Itoh Mitsuru Kono Tokio Tasaka | Yugoslavia Zlatko Cordas Milivoj Karakašević Istvan Korpa Antun Stipančić Dragutin Šurbek |

## Second stage round
### Group 1

| Pos | Team | P | W | L | Pts |
| 1 | Japan | 5 | 5 | 0 | 10 |
| 2 | Yugoslavia | 5 | 4 | 1 | 8 |
| 3 | West Germany | 5 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
| 4 | South Korea | 5 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 5 | England | 5 | 1 | 4 | 2 |
| 6 | Indonesia | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 |

### Group 2

| Pos | Team | P | W | L | Pts |
| 1 | China | 5 | 5 | 0 | 10 |
| 2 | Sweden | 5 | 4 | 1 | 8 |
| 3 | Hungary | 5 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
| 4 | France | 5 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 5 | North Korea | 5 | 1 | 4 | 2 |
| 6 | Czechoslovakia | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 |

## Third-place playoff

| Team One | Team Two | Score |
| Yugoslavia | Sweden | 5–3 |

## Final

| China 5 | | Japan 2 | Score |
| Liang Ko-liang | lost to | Hasegawa | 21–15 8–21 19–21 |
| Liang Ko-liang | bt | Itoh | 21–11 21–15 |
| Chuang Tse-tung | bt | Itoh | 21–19 17–21 21–15 |
| Chuang Tse-tung | lost to | Kono | 12–21 16–21 |
| Li Ching-kuang | bt | Kono | 21–13 21–18 |
| Li Ching-kuang | bt | Hasegawa | 15–21 21–19 21–18 |
| Li Ching-kuang | bt | Itoh | 21–3 21–6 |
# Daphny van den Brand

Daphny van den Brand, (born 6 April 1978 in Zeeland, North Brabant) is a Dutch cyclo-cross, road bicycle and mountain bike racer.
Daphny van den Brand started her cycling at eight. She won races thanks to her sprint.
Van den Brand joined the Dutch junior team. She won her first medal as a junior in 1993 during the cyclo-cross race in Sint-Michielsgestel, where she finished third .
Dutch mountain bike manager Leo van Zeeland asked her in 1994 to race on a mountain bike. Van den Brand took part in a race in Bergschenhoek and finished in fifth position. She rode in the European and world junior mountain biking championships and finished seventh.
Van den Brand then concentrated on mountain biking and cyclo-cross. She won eight national cyclo-cross championships and the cyclo-cross world championship 2003 in Monopoli. She also won four world bronze medals, a silver at the European championship 2005 and a gold at the 2006 UCI Cyclo-cross European Championships. In mountain biking she won a gold, a silver and a bronze medal in national championships between 2001 and 2003.

## Achievements
### 1994

    3rd in National championship cyclo-cross

### 1997

    1st in Gieten

### 1998

    1st in Netherlands National championship cyclo-cross
    1st in Gieten

### 1999

    1st in Netherlands National championship cyclo-cross
    1st in Gieten

### 2000

    3rd in World Championship Cyclo-cross
    1st in Netherlands National championship cyclo-cross
    1st in Gieten

### 2001

    3rd in World Championship Cyclo-cross
    1st in Netherlands National championship cyclo-cross
    1st in Gieten

### 2002

    2nd in Dutch National Championship Mountain bike
    3rd in World Championship Cyclo-cross
    1st in Netherlands National championship cyclo-cross
    1st in Hoogerheide

### 2003

    3rd in Dutch National Championship Mountain bike
    1st in World Championship Cyclo-cross in Monopoli
    1st in Netherlands National championship cyclo-cross
    1st in Hoogerheide
    1st in Torino
    1st in Vossem
    1st in Kalmthout

### 2004

    2nd in National championship cyclo-cross
    1st in Netherlands National championship mountain bike
    1st in Oostmalle
    1st in Pijnacker-Nootdorp
    1st in Milan
    1st in Kalmthout
    1st in Overijse
    1st in Loenhout

### 2005

    1st in Netherlands National championship cyclo-cross
    1st in Hamburg
    1st in Kalmthout
    1st in Sint-Michielsgestel
    1st in Koppenberg
    2nd in UCI cyclo-cross European championship in Pont-Chateau
    1st in Pijnacker-Nootdorp
    1st in Milan
    1st in Hofstade
    1st in Hooglede

### 2006

    1st in 2006 UCI Cyclo-cross European Championships
    1st in Netherlands National championship cyclo-cross
    1st in Liévin
    1st in Hoogerheide
    3rd in World championship cyclo-cross
    1st in Oostmalle
    1st in Harderwijk
    1st in Frankfurt
    1st in Overijse
    1st in Veghel-Eerde

### 2007

    1st in 2007 UCI cyclo-cross European championship
    1st in Netherlands National championship cyclo-cross

### 2009

    2nd in UCI Cyclo-cross World Cup, Treviso (ITA)
# Bronchial blocker

An bronchial blocker (also called endobronchial blocker) is a device which can be inserted down a tracheal tube after tracheal intubation so as to block off the right or left main bronchus of the lungs in order to be able to achieve a controlled one sided ventilation of the lungs in thoracic surgery. The lung tissue distal to the obstruction will collapse, thus allowing the surgeon's view and access to relevant structures within the thoracic cavity.
Bronchial blockers are used to achieve lung separation and one lung ventilation as an alternative to double-lumen endotrachealtubes (DLT) and are the method of choice in children and paediatric patients for whom even the smallest DLTs might be too big.

## Types
### Univent tube

Made by Fuji Systems, Tokyo, Japan, is a tracheal tube with a second lumen that contains a coaxial, balloon tipped catheter which can be advanced under fiber optic bronchoscopy and blocked in either bronchus.

### Arndt endobronchial blocker

Produced by Cook Critical Care, Bloomington, USA, is a catheter with a balloon tip and inner lumen which contains a flexible wire which is coupled to a fiber optical bronchoscope to guide the device into the desired bronchus.

### Cohen endobronchial blocker

By Cook Critical Care, is a catheter shaft with a distal soft nylon flexible tip and balloon which can be deflected by 90° to guide the device into either bronchus.

### Coopdech bronchial blocker

By Smith Medical, Rosmalen, NL, has a preformed angulation at the distal tip to aid placement in the desired bronchus.

### EZ-blocker

By Teleflex Inc., USA, a Y-shaped bronchial blocker with two distal extensions to be placed in both main stem bronchi.
# Luzula longiflora

Luzula longiflora is a flowering plant in the rush family. The specific epithet refers to the relatively long floral perianth.

## Description

It is a herb, growing to 10–30 cm in height. The tufted leaves are 5–35 cm long and 4–5 mm wide. The inflorescences are 5–25 cm high and branched, with dense heads of numerous flowers subtended by leaf-like bracts.

## Distribution and habitat

The plant is endemic to Australia’s subtropical Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. It occurs on ledges and in crevices on the upper slopes of Mounts Lidgbird and Gower at the southern end of the island.
# Bado, Burkina Faso

Bado is a village in the Tenkodogo Department of Boulgou Province in south-eastern Burkina Faso. As of 2005, the village has a population of 749.
# Bado, Missouri

Bado is an unincorporated community in southwest Texas County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. Bado is located on Missouri Route M, along the banks of Little Piney Creek. The community is approximately nine miles west-southwest of Houston and nine miles north of Cabool. The store, post office, a rock house and White House are still standing.

## History

A post office called Bado was established in 1883, and remained in operation until 1953. According to tradition, the community arose during a "bad" era, hence the name.
# Ingjald Haaland

Ingjald Haaland (22 March 1885 – 28 July 1952) was a Norwegian actor and theatre director.

## Biography

Haaland was born at Hålandsdal in Hordaland, Norway. He was the son of Sjur Haaland (1851–1912) and Brita Teigland (1855–1945). He was a student at Den Nationale Scene in Bergen from 1906. He made his stage debut at Dore Lavik's touring theatre in 1908. He was a member of the ensemble at Det Norske Teatret from its start in 1913, and served as theatre director from 1922 to 1933. He also performed at the Vestlandske Theater in Stavanger for a few years. When Det Norske Teatret was established in Oslo in 1913, he became employed there. He was theatre director from 1922 and stayed at Det Norske Teatret until 1940.
He also appeared in several movies including works by filmmaker Olav Dalgard including Samhold må til from 1935. He was most noted for his leading role in the 1938 dramatic film Eli Sjursdotter which was based on the 1913 novel by Johan Falkberget. Haaland was married to actress Mally Carenius (1887–1934) and from 1937 to Tove Bryn (1903–1983).
# Ingwald

Ingwald (or Ingweald; died 745) was a medieval Bishop of London in England.
Ingwald was consecrated between 705 and 716. He died in 745.

## Citations

* ↑ Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 220