OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Line of greatest slope

In topography, the line of greatest slope is a curve following the steepest slope. In mountain biking and skiing, the line of greatest slope is sometimes called the fall line.

## Definition

Mathematically, the line (or path) of greatest slope from a point is determined by the gradient of height, taken as a potential field with respect to an acceleration from the force of gravity. Lines of greatest slope are analogous to lines of force acting to accelerate an object downward at that point. These lines are orthogonal to contour lines. Discounting inertial forces and terrain roughness, a ball rolling down a slope, or water flowing down, will accelerate in the direction of greatest slope.

## Applications
### Mountain biking

In mountain biking the line of greatest slope defines the fall line, which is the path a trail will follow to descend a hill or mountain with the shortest path, and will also cause the rider to gain the most velocity (assuming brakes are not used, and other factors such as rolling resistance are equal).

### Mountain climbing

In mountain climbing, the line of greatest slope defines the fall line, which is the path a climber will take to gain the most elevation with the shortest possible path.

### Map reading

The line of greatest slope has practical significance in map reading. On the terrain it is often far more discernible, even intuitively obvious, rather than accurately picking out the consistent height level on what is likely the undulating uneven ground along the ground represented on the contour line. But knowing that a greatest slope vector is orthogonal to the contour line, one can readily deduce the direction of the contour lines from the line of greatest slope. The extent and overall direction of the contour line to a map scale can only be found on the topographic map.
By noting the corresponding compass vector, walking along the contour one can line up a hand held compass aligning the expected direction, and eye-balling the line of contour's estimated level, move up or down along the bearing faster— to closely locate a desired point (planned point) along the hillside. Pragmatically, this can be 'good enough' for rough project landscaping, such as timber clear cutting the work site of a structure like a bridge abutment or connecting ramps. The approximation can then be refined by transit and other surveyor tools to construct on target.
# Line of succession to the French throne

Line of succession to the French throne may refer to:
* Line of succession to the French throne (Bonapartist)
* Line of succession to the French throne (Orléanist)
# Lionel Tollemache, 5th Earl of Dysart

Lionel Tollemache, 5th Earl of Dysart (6 August 1734 – 20 February 1799), styled Lord Huntingtower until 1770, was an English peer.
Lord Huntingtower received no settlement from his father at his majority, and, feeling he owed him nothing, married without his knowledge or consent. The bride was Charlotte, daughter of Sir Edward Walpole, whom he married on 2 October 1760 at St James's Church, Piccadilly. Charlotte's uncle Horace Walpole called Huntingtower "a very handsome person". He succeeded to the earldom a decade later.
Charlotte died, after a long and painful illness, at Ham House on 5 September 1789. Dysart remarried, on 19 April 1791, to Magdalene Lewis, sister of his brother Wilbraham's wife. He had no children by either wife, and upon his death at Ham House in 1799 was succeeded by his brother Wilbraham.
# Chew–Powell House

The Chew–Powell House is located at 500–502 Good Intent Road in the Blenheim section of Gloucester Township in Camden County, New Jersey, United States. The historic house was built in 1688 by James Whitall. The Chew–Powell–Wallens Burying Ground, next to the house, is considered to be the oldest cemetery in the township, and it reportedly contains the remains of early settlers, soldiers of the Revolutionary and Civil Wars and Leni Lenape Native Americans.
The structure was once well-preserved but now sits in disarray, is privately owned and maintained, currently serves as a private residence. It was listed in the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection's Historic Preservation Office in 1974, and the National Register of Historic Places three months later on March 27, 1975, for its significance in military history.
# Brian H. Murdoch

Brian Hughes Murdoch (3 April 1930 – 9 December 2020) was an Irish mathematician who served for 23 years as Erasmus Smith's Professor of Mathematics at Trinity College Dublin (TCD). He was an analyst with expertise in potential functions and random walks.

## Career

Born in Worcestershire in England in 1930, Brian Hughes Murdoch grew up in Dublin. He attended Trinity College Dublin, where he won a scholarship in mathematics in 1948. He obtained his BA in mathematics in 1951. In 1955, he got his PhD at Princeton under William Feller, for a thesis on “Preharmonic Functions”. After a couple of years teaching at Hull University in Kingston upon Hull and Queen's University Belfast, he returned to TCD, where he taught for another 35 years. He was elected Fellow of TCD in 1965, and the following year he was appointed Erasmus Smith's Professor of Mathematics at TCD, a position he held until he retired in 1989. In 1988 he became a Senior Fellow.
A Quaker, he was a second cousin of the author Iris Murdoch.
He died on 9 December 2020.

## Selected papers

* Murdoch, B. H. Simple tests for recurrence or transience of infinite sets in random walks on groups. Illinois J. Math. 12 (1968), 439–450.
* Murdoch, B. H. Wiener's tests for atomic Markov chains. Illinois J. Math. 12 (1968), 35–56.
* Murdoch, B. H. μ-distributed sequences. Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. Sect. A 64 (1966), 143–161.
* Murdoch, B. H. Rates of growth of preharmonic functions. J. London Math. Soc. 40 (1965), 605–618.
* Murdoch, B. H. Some theorems on preharmonic functions. J. London Math. Soc. 40 (1965), 407–417.
* Murdoch, B. H. A note on well-distributed sequences. Canadian J. Math. 17 (1965), 808–810.
* Murdoch, B. H. A theorem on harmonic functions. J. London Math. Soc. 39 (1964), 581–588.
* Murdoch, Brian Hughes PREHARMONIC FUNCTIONS. Thesis (Ph.D.)–Princeton University (1954).
* Allen, A. C.; Murdoch, B. H. A note on preharmonic functions. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 4 (1953), 842–852.
# Chamber of Deputies of Portugal

Portugal has had two legislative bodies styled the Chamber of Deputies:
* Chamber of Deputies of Portugal (1822–1910), modeled after the UK House of Commons
* Chamber of Deputies of Portugal (1910–1926), modeled after the US House of Representatives
# Credit (disambiguation)

Credit refers to any form of deferred payment, the granting of a loan and the creation of debt.
Credit may also refer to:

## Places

* Credit, Arkansas, a ghost town
* Credit River, a river in Ontario, Canada
* Credit River (Minnesota), a river in the United States
* Credit River, Minnesota, a city in the United States

## Arts, entertainment, and media

* Credit (creative arts), acknowledging the ideas or other work of writers and contributors
** Closing credits, a list of credits played at the ending of a work
** Motion picture credits
** Opening credits, a list of credits played at the beginning of a work
* Credit (science fiction), a form of currency in some fictional works
* "Credit", a song on Meghan Trainor's 2015 album Title
* Game credit, a count of the current number of games that can be played in arcade games and pinball

## Finance and accounting

* Credit bureau
* Credit card
* Credit line (disambiguation)
* Credit rating, an assessment of credit worthiness
* Credit risk, the risk of default on a debt
* Credit score, a representation of credit worthiness
* Debits and credits, types of bookkeeping entries
* Line of credit

## Other uses

* Course credit, a system of measuring academic coursework
# Doughboy Island (Victoria)

Doughboy Island is an uninhabited granite island in Corner Inlet near the northern coast of Wilsons Promontory, in Victoria, Australia.
# Les Essarts

Les Essarts is the name of several places in France:
It is the name of several communes:
* Les Essarts, in the Eure département
* Les Essarts, in the Loir-et-Cher département
* Les Essarts, in the Vendée département
It is also part of the name of several communes:
* Les Essarts-le-Roi, in the Yvelines département
* Les Essarts-lès-Sézanne, in the Marne département
* Les Essarts-le-Vicomte, in the Marne département
Several communes have a similar name: see Les Essards (disambiguation)
Les Essarts is also the name of the Forbes family estate in Saint-Briac-sur-Mer.
Essarts designates in French a spot in a forest supposed to be deforested (see assarting).
# Les Essarts-lès-Sézanne

Les Essarts-lès-Sézanne (French pronunciation:, literally Les Essarts near Sézanne) is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.
# Leventhal

Leventhal is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Adam Leventhal (born 1979), British sportscaster
* Alan Leventhal (born 1953), chairman and chief executive officer of Beacon Capital Partners, Boston, Massachusetts
* Harold Leventhal (1915–1979), United States Circuit Judge
* Harold Leventhal (1919–2005), American music manager
* John Leventhal (born 1952), Grammy award-winning-guitarist, composer and music producer
* Norman B. Leventhal (1917–2015), chairman of The Beacon Companies
* Rick Leventhal (born 1960), American journalist, Fox News senior correspondent
* Stan Leventhal (1951–1995), American author
# Let There Be Light (2019 film)

Let There Be Light is a 2019 Slovak-Czech drama film directed by Marko Škop who co-wrote with Frantisek Krähenbiel & Zuzana Liová. The film is produced by Jan Melis, Petr Oukropec, Marko Skop, and Pavel Strnad. The film stars Frantisek Beles, Milan Ondrík, Dieter Fischer, and Ingrid Timková. It was selected as the Slovak entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 92nd Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.

## Plot

A Slovak man who works in Germany, soon learns that his son joined a paramilitary youth group, which was involved in the death of a classmate.

## Cast

* Frantisek Beles as Adam
* Milan Ondrík as Milan
* Dieter Fischer as Roman
* Ingrid Timková as Maid
* Ľubomír Paulovič as Grandfather

## Reception
### Critical response

Richard Mowe of Eye For Film wrote, "Škop had made a series of award-winning documentaries before his feature début on Eva Nová, and now Let There Be Light confirms his talents as an assured director of actors and a director-writer of great economy and rigour.".The Prague Reporter wrote, "Holding together Let There Be Light is an especially empathetic lead performance from Ondrík: his Milan, at first presented as an irrepressibly cheerful character who just wants to do the right thing slowly has the positive outlook drained right out of him during the course of the movie.". Alissa Simon of Variety wrote, "The multilayered “Let There Be Light” is an earnest, relatable state-of-the-nation drama from helmer-writer Marko Škop that highlights xenophobia, religious hypocrisy and the rise of the extreme right in a small Slovak village.".

### Accolades

| Year | Award | Category | Result | Refs. |
| 2019 | Karlovy Vary International Film Festival | Best Actor | Won | |
| 2019 | Karlovy Vary International Film Festival | Award of Ecumenical Jury - Special Mention | Won | |
# Leucophlebia edentata

Leucophlebia edentata is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is found from Guinea east to Sudan and Uganda.
# Leucophlebia formosana

Leucophlebia formosana is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from China and Taiwan.

## Subspecies

* Leucophlebia formosana formosana (Taiwan)
* Leucophlebia formosana chinaensis Eitschberger, 2003 (Shandong in China)
# Leucophlebia emittens

Leucophlebia emittens is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from India and bordering south-western China and Pakistan.
It is similar to, but differs from Leucophlebia afra in that the median pale band of the forewing upperside is produced distally along the veins, especially the posterior ones. It is smaller than Leucophlebia neumanni, in which the forewing upperside median band is somewhat darker, contrasting less with the marginal areas.
# Lew Futterman

Lewis Futterman is an American record producer and manager, who was most active in the 1960s to the early 1980s. Commencing as of 1977, he has increasingly been involved in real estate development, primarily in New York City.

## History

Following graduation from Cornell University, Futterman was initially a producer for Prestige Records. He later became an independent producer, with a portfolio of jazz, soul and rock artists and bands he managed, or whose recordings he produced, including Jay and the Americans, Benny Golson, Jimmy Witherspoon, Jack McDuff, J.J. Jackson, George Benson, Ted Nugent and the British jazz-rock band If.
In 1970, he joined forces with UK club owner Stuart Lyon, to form Stuart Lyon Associates, a company which represented, among other groups, Aquila, J.J. Jackson's Dilemma, If and Curved Air. From the mid-1970s through the early 1980s, Futterman focused primarily on rock music. His production company was responsible for Ted Nugent's hit albums during that period.
During that time, he also became involved in residential real estate development and, by 2017, had been the developer or co-developer of over 1,000 residential units in Manhattan and Los Angeles. Included in those developments were the 114 unit Opera Coops on the Upper West Side, and the 217 Unit Fifth on the Park condominiums. He is still active in LA Coastal development. Also, from 1985 through the early 1990s, Futterman opened two restaurants, Andiamo in the Lincoln Center area and L'Ostello in Vail, Colorado.
# Lewin Brzeski railway station

Lewin Brzeski railway station is a station in Lewin Brzeski, Opole Voivodeship, Poland.

## Connections

* 132 Bytom - Wrocław Główny

## Train services

The station is served by the following service(s):
* Regional services (PR) Wrocław Główny - Oława - Brzeg - Opole Główne
* Regional service (PR) Wrocław - Oława - Brzeg - Opole Główne - Kędzierzyn-Koźle
* Regional service (PR) Wrocław - Oława - Brzeg - Opole Główne - Kędzierzyn-Koźle - Racibórz
* Regional service (PR) Wrocław - Oława - Brzeg - Opole Główne - Gliwice
* Regional service (PR) Brzeg - Opole
* Regional service (PR) Brzeg - Opole - Kędzierzyn-Koźle
# Kanteerava Narasimharaja Pura

Kanthirava Narasimharajapura or K. N. Pura is a locality in Northern part of Mysore city. Soligara Colony and Ghousianagar are some of the prominent localities of Kanthirava Narasimharajapura. Indira Gandhi Road and Jilani Road are some of the major Roads of this area. K. N. Pura and Kyatamaranahalli, a nearby locality is famous for Communal clashes. This locality is sometimes referred as Kantheerava Narasarajapura.

## History

Many Labourers from different parts of the state migrated to Mysore in search of Job, following severe drought in 1980s. They settled at Kanteerava Narasimharajapura (located East of Kyathamaranahalli) since many houses were available at afforded rate. A few of them even built houses on revenue land without bothering about basic amenities like connectivity, Sewerage, education, etc.

## Etymology

The locality was named after Kanteerava Narasimharaja Wadiyar, Yuvaraja of Mysore Kingdom (1894-1940).

## Education

Srikanteshwara Vidya Samsthe is one of the popular educational institutions located in Kanthirava Narasimharajapura.

## Transportation

From the Mysore city bus stand to Kanthirava Narasimharajapura buses are available.
# Arceuthobium gillii

Arceuthobium gillii, common name "Chihuahua pine dwarf mistletoe," is a parasitic plant found in Arizona, New Mexico, Chihuahua, Sonora and Sinaloa. It is found mostly on the Chihuahua pine, Pinus leiophylla var. chihuahuana.
The species was named in honor of Lake Shore Gill, an authority on the genus.
# Medicate (disambiguation)

"Medicate" is a song by AFI from their album Crash Love.
Medicate may also refer to:
* "Medicate" (Gabbie Hanna song)
* "Medicate", a song by Breaking Benjamin from the album Saturate
* "Medicate", a song by Luna Halo from their self-titled album
# ENT

Ents are giant tree creatures in the Lord of the Rings fantasy novels.
Ent or ENT may also refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Ent (comics), a Marvel comics character
* Extreme Noise Terror, a British grindcore band
* Star Trek: Enterprise, a science fiction television series

## People

* Bas Ent (born 1987), Dutch footballer
* George Ent (1604–1689), English scientist who studied anatomy
* Uzal Girard Ent (1900–1948), U.S. Air Force major general

## Science and medicine

* Ent-, a prefix meaning the opposite enantiomer of a chemical
* Equilibrative nucleoside transporter, a protein
* Otorhinolaryngology, the medical specialty treating the ear, nose and throat

## Technology

* Electronic notetaking
* Enfilade (Xanadu), a data structure in the hypertext project, Xanadu
* Rossignol ENT, an automatic rifle
* Electrical nonmetallic tubing; a type of electrical conduit

## Transport

* Ent Air Force Base, in Colorado Springs; defunct
* Enewetak Auxiliary Airfield, Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands

## Other uses

* Ent Credit Union, an American credit union
* ENT Ltd., a defunct Australian media company
* Ent?, Trinidadian and Tobagonian slang for "is that not so?" or "That's true, isn't it?"
# Median raphe

The term median raphe can refer to one of four different anatomical structures:
* The pharyngeal raphe
* The palatine raphe
* The penile raphe
* The perineal raphe, also known as the "median r. of perineum"
# Median raphe cyst

Median raphe cysts are a cutaneous condition of the penis due to developmental defects near the glans.$^{:682}$
# East Preston Street Burial Ground

East Preston Street Burial Ground is a burial ground in south Edinburgh holding graves from the 19th and 20th century. The graveyard is in the care of the City of Edinburgh Council. It stands at the junction of East Preston Street and Dalkeith Road. The property is a listed building.

## History

It was created in 1820 in the parish of St Cuthbert's, who had an overflow Chapel of Ease on Buccleuch Street, with its own graveyard. The additional burial ground was organised by the kirk session. It was originally called Newington Burial Ground but was renamed "East Preston Street" in 1848 on the opening of Newington Cemetery nearby.
The graveyard was necessitated by a major expansion of the city on its south side from around 1810.
It was designed with a small stone watchtower, positioned such as to view over the two legs of the cemetery, being built during the height of fears over graverobbing. Peripheral plots were built as enclosed stone vaults with iron bars on their top, for the same reason.
Operating largely as an "overflow" burial ground it lacked the kudos of other graveyards such as Greyfriars Kirkyard and operated largely for functional purposes. From 1842 its potential need greatly reduced due to the opening of Warriston Cemetery and Dean Cemetery which offered far more potential for a grand setting. Graves thereafter are largely limited to local tradesmen and their families.

## Notable interments

* Forrest Alexander (1759-1833) founder of the Commercial Bank of Scotland
* Rev Dr Robert Elder 1808-1892) Moderator of the Free Church of Scotland in 1871
* Rev Robert Gordon (1786-1853)
* Richard Huie (1795-1867) surgeon
* James Mercer of Scotsbank (d.1846)
* Hugh Pillans (1783-1852) printer with Pillans & Wilson
* Ronaldson memorial by Alexander Handyside Ritchie (1840)
* Andrew Usher (1782-1856) brewer, father of Andrew Usher
* Rev James Aitken Wylie (1808-1890)
# EP1 (dollys EP)

EP1 is the debut studio EP from the American rock group dollys.

## Content

The six-track EP was self-released by dollys, on November 9, 2013. It was recorded between November 2012 and June 2013 at Lake House in Asbury Park, New Jersey, First Class Recording in Jackson, New Jersey, and The Headroom in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Engineering and production are by Erik Kase Romero, with additional engineering by Tim Pannella, and mastering by Tom Ruff at Asbury Media. Romero says of the home recording process, "it allowed us to have a very cosmopolitan palette of sounds and textures on the record [and] gave us the luxury of experimenting with different gear and taking our time to get the sounds we wanted." The album is compared to the music of That Dog.
The record release party was held at the Court Tavern in New Brunswick, New Jersey, on November 9, with support from Black Wine, Deal Casino and Long Beard.

## Reception

A review from Under the Radar says EP1 is "top tier indie pop", adding that "the intricate interplay between vocalists, playing off each other and teasing blissful melodies from the ether, is something of a much more seasoned group." Speak into My Good Eye editor Chris Rotolo describes the song "Swim" as "a collage of instrumental swells, including a familiar series of rounded fret-play that recalls a Green Paper staple titled 'The Waltz', and spans the soundscape from elaborate to minimalist."

## Personnel

* Erik Kase Romero – bass and vocals
* Jeff Lane – guitar, keys and vocals
* Michael Mendonez – guitar
* Natalie Newbold – drums and vocals
# Diadegma areolator

Diadegma areolator is a wasp first described by Aubert in 1974. No subspecies are listed.
# Diadegma amphipoeae

Diadegma amphipoeae is a wasp first described by Kusigemati in 1993. No subspecies are listed.
# Diadegma alpicola

Diadegma alpicola is a wasp first described by Smits van Burgst in 1914. No subspecies are listed.
# Megabus

Megabus may refer to:
* Megabus (Europe), a low-cost coach service with services in Europe owned by ComfortDelGro.
* Megabus (North America), a low-cost bus service in the United States and Canada owned by Variant Equity Advisors.
* Megabús, a bus rapid transit system in Pereira, Colombia.
# Megafroneta dugdaleae

Megafroneta dugdaleae is a species of sheet weaver spider endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

This species was described in 2002 by A.D Blest and Cor Vink from a female specimen. The holotype is stored in Te Papa Museum.

## Description

This species is recorded at 7.28mm in length. This species has a dark brown prosoma and legs. The abdomen is dark grey with pale markings dorsally.

## Distribution

This species is only known from Mount Aspiring National Park in New Zealand.

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Data Deficient" with the qualifiers of "Data Poor: Size", "Data Poor: Trend" and "One Location".