OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lederlin 380L

The Lederlin 380L (marketed in North America as the Ladybug) is an unconventional light aircraft developed in France in the 1960s, and marketed for homebuilding.

## Development

François Lederlin developed the 380L from the Mignet HM.380 "Flying Flea", and eventually created a new aircraft sharing only its choice of wing profile and general configuration.
Like the Pou-du-Ciel, the 380L is a tandem wing design, with the forward wing mounted on a set of cabane struts forward of the cockpit, and designed to pivot in flight, to vary its angle of incidence. Otherwise, it is unlike the original Mignet HM.14, having side-by-side seating for two in a fully enclosed cockpit, and a neatly cowled engine. The fuselage is of steel tube construction, metal-skinned at the front and fabric-covered to the rear, and the wings have fabric-covered wooden structure. The tailwheel undercarriage is fixed.

## Specifications

Data from Jane's all the world's aircraft, 1975-76
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
* Length: 4.77 m (15 ft 8 in)
* Wingspan: 7.92 m (26 ft 0 in)
* Height: 2.08 m (6 ft 10 in)
* Wing area: 9.92 m$^2$ (106.8 sq ft) forward wing; 7.43 m$^2$ (80.0 sq ft)
* Airfoil: 3-40-13
* Empty weight: 360 kg (794 lb)
* Max takeoff weight: 600 kg (1,323 lb)
* Fuel capacity: 85 L (22 US gal; 19 imp gal) in a single fuel tank
* Powerplant: 1 × Continental C90-14F 4-cyl. air-cooled horizontally-opposed piston engine, 67 kW (90 hp)
* Propellers: 2-bladed McCauley fixed pitch metal propeller, 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) diameter
Performance
* Maximum speed: 201 km/h (125 mph, 109 kn) at 300 m (980 ft)
* Cruise speed: 161 km/h (100 mph, 87 kn) at 600 m (2,000 ft)
* Stall speed: 49 km/h (30 mph, 26 kn) power off
* Never exceed speed: 233 km/h (145 mph, 126 kn)
* Range: 855 km (531 mi, 462 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 3,660 m (12,010 ft) +
* Wing loading: 34 kg/m$^2$ (7.0 lb/sq ft)
* Power/mass: 0.111 kW/kg (0.0675 hp/lb)
# Leisa

Leisa is a feminine given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Leisa Goddard, Australian television journalist
* Leisa Goodman, American Scientologist
* Leisa King, English field hockey player
# Leis (surname)

Leis is an Estonian surname. As of 1 January 2023, 159 men and 178 women in Estonia bear the surname Leis. Leis is ranked as the 426th most common surname for men in Estonia, and 405th for women. The surname Leis is the most commonly found in Põlva County, where 9.02 per 10,000 inhabitants bear the name.
People bearing the surname Leis include:
* Heikki Leis [et] (born 1945), artist
* Lauri Leis (born 1978), triple jumper
* Malle Leis (1940–2017), painter and graphic artist
* Paul Leis (1874–1947), politician
# Leon van der Essen

Leon van der Essen (1883–1963) was a Belgian historian, professor at the Catholic University of Leuven. In 1946 he testified about the German occupation of Belgium at the Nuremberg trials, the only Belgian witness called.

## Life

Van der Essen was born in Antwerp on 12 December 1883, the son of a painter-decorator. After graduating from a Jesuit secondary school in Antwerp he studied in Leuven under Alfred Cauchie, obtaining his doctorate in 1907 with a thesis on the lives of Merovingian saints. He became Cauchie's teaching assistant. In 1910 he married Gabrielle Callebert. Together they were to have three sons.
During the First World War he spent time at the University of Oxford, King's College, London, and the University of Chicago in 1914–1916, lecturing on Belgian history with a propaganda brief from the Belgian government in exile in Le Havre. He enlisted in 1916, but was seconded to the foreign ministry's propaganda service. After the war he was an adviser to the Belgian delegation at the Paris Peace Conference, 1919, and he was appointed a full professor at the university.
Although his early work as a historian focused on early-medieval hagiography, his main mature work was a 5-volume biography of Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma (1545–1592), published 1933–1937. After the Second World War he published a series of short studies of aspects of the organisation and activities of the sixteenth-century Army of Flanders.
He fled Belgium in 1940, but returned to his post at the university after the French surrender. In November 1944 he was appointed to the Belgian Committee on War Crimes, and on 4 February 1946 he testified as the only Belgian witness at the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg concerning German war crimes in Belgium, emphasizing the subversion of the Belgian constitution by the replacement of elected mayors in the major cities by ideologically sympathetic appointees.
A Festschrift was published in his honour in 1947: Miscellanea historica in honorem Leonis van der Essen.
In 1954 he retired as professor and was ennobled by King Baudouin. He died in Leuven on 10 February 1963.

## Work

* Petite histoire de l'invasion et de l'occupation allemande en Belgique (1917)
* Alexandre Farnese, prince de Parme, gouverneur general des Pays-Bas, 1545-1592, 5 vols. (Brussels, 1933-1937)
* Le siècle des saints (625-739): étude sur les origines de la Belgique chrétienne (Brussels, 1942)
* L'Université de Louvain: son origine, son histoire, son organisation, 1425-1953 (Brussels, 1953)
# Lee Musiker

Lee Musiker (born May 26, 1956) is an American Grammy Award-winner jazz pianist, arranger, orchestrator and conductor.

## Biography

Born in New York City in 1956, Mr. Musiker studied music theory and piano at the Manhattan School of Music, the Eastman School of Music and took further training at the Juilliard School. Music Director for Maureen McGovern, Jerry Lewis, Tony Bennett and others, Musiker is also responsible for recording the now infamous Buddy Rich Tapes. Musiker recorded Rich's angry outbursts to his band members by concealing a Walkman in his clothing while on tour with Rich on the early 1980s. The recordings had long circulated in bootleg form and can now be found on the internet.

## Discography
### As sideman

With Susannah McCorkle
* Sabia (Concord Records, 1990)
With Mark Murphy
* Some Time Ago (HighNote, 2000)
* Links (HighNote 2001)
* Lucky to Be Me (HighNote 2002)
With Buddy Rich
* The Magic of Buddy Rich (HMC Records, 1984)
# Leister

A leister is a type of spear used for spearfishing.
Leisters are three-pronged with backward-facing barbs, historically often built using materials such as bone and ivory, with tools such as the saw-knife. In many cases it could be disassembled into a harpoon allowing for greater functionality.
Leisters have been used by hunter-gatherer cultures throughout the world since the Stone Age and are still used for fishing by indigenous tribes and cultures today.
# Lennonville, Western Australia

Lennonville is a derelict town in Western Australia near the town of Mount Magnet, established in 1898.
Lennonville was gazetted in 1896, after gold having been found two years earlier at the location by prospectors Lennon and Palmer.
At the peak of its existence, at the turn of the 20th century, the town had a population of 3,000 and five hotels, outperforming nearby Mount Magnet and Boogardie. By 1909, however, the town was already in decline and, after a huge fire swept through the main street of the town, a general exodus begun. Today, the most predominant reminder of the towns former glory is the railway platform.
# Lennox

Lennox may refer to:

## Places

* Lennox, Nova Scotia, Canada
* Lennox County, Ontario, Canada
* Lennox (federal electoral district), a former electoral district in Ontario (1867–1904)
* The Lennox, a region of Scotland
* Lennox (district), Scotland
* Lennox, California, United States
* Lennox, South Dakota, United States
* Lennox, Wisconsin, United States

## People and fictional characters

* Lennox (given name), a list of people and fictional characters named Lennox or Lenox
* Lennox (surname), a list of people and fictional characters surnamed Lennox or Lenox

## Titles

* Duke of Lennox
* Earl of Lennox
* Thane of Lennox, a subsidiary title of Earl of Perth

## Other uses

* HMS Lennox, two ships of the Royal Navy
* Lennox Castle, abandoned hospital near Glasgow
* Lennox Football Club, 19th-century English rugby club
* Lennox Generating Station, a power station in Ontario, Canada
* Lennox International, a global manufacturer of furnaces and central air conditioners
* Lennox Stakes, a horse race
# Leo Burke (disambiguation)

Leo Burke (1948–2024) was a Canadian professional wrestler.
Leo Burke may also refer to:
# Leopold Hojtasch

Leopold Hojtasch (13 October 1887 – 1914) was an Austrian footballer. He played in one match for the Austria national football team in 1907.
# Leoville Airport

Leoville Airport (TC LID: CJT9) is located 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) west of Leoville, Saskatchewan, Canada.
# Leonard Enns

Leonard Jacob Enns (born 1948) is a Canadian composer of classical music. He is professor emeritus of the University of Waterloo.

## Early life and education

Enns was born on 2 February 1948 in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He has undergraduate degrees in music from Canadian Mennonite Bible College and Wilfrid Laurier University, and an M.Mus. in choral conducting and Ph.D. from Northwestern University, where his doctoral thesis (1982) was "The sacred choral music of Harry Somers : an analytical study". He is an Associate of the Royal Conservatory of Music in Toronto.

## Musical career

Enns was musical director of the United Mennonite Educational Institute in Leamington, Ontario from 1969 to 1972, and joined the teaching faculty of Conrad Grebel College of the University of Waterloo in 1977. He founded the chapel choir of Conrad Grebel College in 1977 and conducted it until 2010, during which time it made six CDs.
He has composed some 65 works, mostly of choral music. He won the 2008 Polyphonos competition in the "International Composer" section. His "Nocturne" was nominated for the Juno Award for Classical Composition of the Year in 2010. His A Little More Time won the Chronos Vocal Ensemble's fourth annual composition competition in 2020.
# Leptotes casca

Leptotes casca is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found on the Comoros in the Indian Ocean.
# Lepidochrysops victoriae

Lepidochrysops victoriae, the Victoria blue or Lake Victoria giant Cupid, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae.

## Range and habitat

It is found in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, the DR Congo, South Sudan, Uganda and Kenya. The habitat consists of savanna.

## Subspecies

* Lepidochrysops victoriae victoriae — western Kenya
* Lepidochrysops victoriae occidentalis Libert & Collins, 2001 — Burkina Faso, northern Ghana, northern Togo, northern Benin, northern Nigeria, northern Cameroon, north-western Democratic Republic of the Congo, southern Sudan, Uganda
* Lepidochrysops victoriae vansomereni Stempffer, 1951 — Kenya: central part to the area east of the Rift Valley
# Lepidochrysops violetta

Lepidochrysops violetta, the violet blue, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Zimbabwe (the Nyanga massif). The habitat consists of the lower slopes of hills in grassland.
Adults have been recorded on wing in October and early November.
# Leonard Horne

Leonard Horne (born 14 September 1878, died after 1925) was a Barbadian cricketer. He played in two first-class match for the Barbados cricket team in 1901/02.
# Les Paladins (music ensemble)

Les Paladins is a French instrumental and vocal ensemble specialising in the performance and recording of rarely performed Baroque music. It was founded in 2001 and takes its name from Rameau's opera Les Paladins. The ensemble's founder and conductor is the baritone singer and harpsichordist, Jérôme Correas.

## Repertoire

Two of the ensemble's ten recordings are from live performances at the Festival de musique baroque d'Ambronay—Hasse's cantata Serpentes ignei in deserto (Fiery Serpents in the Desert) and Soleils Baroques, a concert of music by Luigi Rossi and Marco Marazzoli which included their setting of the cantata Il predica del sole (The Sun's Sermon). Les Paladins' recording of Cavalli's rarely performed opera L'Ormindo for Pan Classics using historically informed performance practice, was awarded the Preis der deutschen Schallplattenkritik Bestenliste (Quarterly Critics' Choice) in 2007. The ensemble also gave France's first performance in modern times of Virgilio Mazzocchi and Marco Marazzoli's opera L'Egisto. The new production premiered at the Abbaye de Royaumont in July 2011, followed by a tour of other French theatres, including the Théâtre de l'Athénée in Paris in December of that year.

## Discography

* Handel: Cantates et duos italiens (Sandrine Piau, soloist). Label: Arion (2001)
* Handel: Apollo e Dafne, Label: Arion (2002)
* Porpora: Leçons des ténèbres. Label: Arion (2005)
* Carissimi: Histoires sacrées. Label: Pan Classics (2005)
* Hasse: Serpentes ignei in deserto. Label: Ambronay Éditions (2006)
* Mazzocchi: Madrigali dialoghi. Label: Pan Classics (2006)
* Cavalli: L'Ormindo. Label: Pan Classics (2006)
* Rossi and Marazzoli: Soleils Baroques. Label: Ambronay Éditions (2008)
* Le Triomphe de l'amour (Sandrine Piau, soloist). Label: Naïve (2011)
* Tenebris. Label: Cyprès (2012)
# Leslie Mottram

Leslie William Mottram (born 5 March 1951) is a Scottish retired football referee best known for supervising two matches in the 1994 FIFA World Cup in the United States. Mottram also officiated at UEFA Euro 1996 in England, including the semifinal match between France and the Czech Republic. He is known to have served as a FIFA referee during the period from 1991 to 1996.
Mottram turned to refereeing after a brief professional playing career at Airdrie.
He became a professional referee when he left Scotland to officiate in the Japanese J. League in 1996. Although his original contract was only for three-months, J. League organisers, who were impressed by his refereeing ability, offered long term contracts. He refereed 147 matches in J1, 15 in J2 and 25 in the J. League Cup from 1996 to 2001, including each playoff game from 1997 to 2001, and received four "most excellent referee" awards in the 1998 to 2002 seasons.
He retired from refereeing top league matches in 2002 and was appointed as the chief refereeing instructor by the Japan Football Association. He worked in this job for next four years and also had a seat on the discipline committee of the league for a short time. He was awarded a merit medal in the 2005 seasonal ceremony, then left Japan and went back to Scotland.
# Lethal (Argentine band)

Lethal is an Argentine thrash metal band. It was founded in 1988 by members of the band Legión.

## History

The group formed in Villa Martelli, Buenos Aires in 1988. It was initially a traditional heavy metal band, but soon shifted to thrash metal. Their debut album was "Bienvenidos a mi reino" in 1990, which was recorded almost entirely in English and included the track "King of the Ring". The song was elected the best Argentine song of the year in a survey between readers of the Madhouse magazine.
In 1993, the band released a live album in Lisandro Olmos prison, the disc Radio Olmos, along with some Argentine bands, such as Hermética, Pilsen, Attaque 77, Massacre and A.N.I.M.A.L., as well as the British U.K. Subs. They also played as an opening act for Sepultura, Pantera and Anthrax
They released two hit albums, "Maza" and "Efecto Tequila". Their original guitarist, Charly Guillén, left the band in 1996 and died of HIV/AIDS on that same year. The band took a break and in 1999, released their fifth album, entitled "Lethal 5.0", which was not widely publicized, so the band announced their separation a year later.
In 2007, the band reformed and later released their sixth studio material, titled "Inyección Lethal" with a new lineup in 2010. In 2015, they released their seventh album called "Hasta la muerte".

## Discography
### Studio albums

* 1990: Bienvenidos a mi reino
* 1992: Warriors
* 1994: Maza
* 1996: Efecto tequila
* 1999: Lethal 5.0
* 2010: Inyección Lethal
* 2015: Hasta la muerte

### Live albums

* 1993: Radio Olmos
* 2012: En vivo a través de los años (DVD)
# Lerotholi Polytechnic

Lerotholi Polytechnic is a technical and vocational school in Maseru, Lesotho.

## History and operations

Lerotholi Polytechnic (LP) is an autonomous public institution that was established in 1905. It is governed by the Lerotholi Polytechnic Act of 1997 and offers both Crafts and Technician programmes.
The institution comprises four schools, namely, the School of Engineering and Technology (SET), and the School of the Built Environment (SOBE), which offers certificates in craft programs and diplomas in engineering. The School of Enterprise and Management (SEM) offers certificates in Textiles and diplomas in commercial programmes. The School of Continuing Education (SOCE) focuses on increasing access to education by offering specific need-based programs and courses to industry and the general public while also using available opportunities to generate income for the institution.
Chief Lerotholi first conceptualized Lerotholi Polytechnic, as a technical and vocational school in 1894, to be the first of its kind in Lesotho. In 1905, the first building was erected and various courses in trades were introduced. New skills and trades were added to the curriculum in 1929.
In 1960, the school changed to an artisan-oriented institution. Two new schools were established in the 1970s and 1980s, the Commercial Training Institute and the Technician Training School. In 1991, the three schools were merged. This amalgamation came to be known as Lerotholi Polytechnic (LP).
In an effort to respond to the global trends of liberalization, the government of Lesotho relinquished its responsibility over the institution and granted it autonomy through the LP Act, No. 20 of 1997 – a move intended to afford the institution the leverage to decide its own strategic direction.

## Controversy

Since 2009, Lerotholi Polytechnic has received significant negative attention for the abusive hazing rituals allegedly targeted at first year students. The school was forced to cancel its graduation ceremony during the same year after a student was beaten to death by former students. At least six students have reportedly died as a direct result of the school's “initiation” traditions.
# Leventhorpe

Leventhorpe may refer to:
* Collett Leventhorpe (1815–1889), US brigadier-general
* John Leventhorpe (c.1370–1435), royal attorney
* Leventhorpe baronets
* The Leventhorpe School
# Let There Be Light (Heinlein short story)

"Let There Be Light" is a science fiction short story by American writer Robert A. Heinlein, originally published in Super Science Stories magazine in May 1940 under the pseudonym Lyle Monroe. It is the second story in his Future History and was included in the first collection, The Man Who Sold the Moon, but was omitted from the omnibus collection The Past Through Tomorrow. This story draws on Heinlein's early leftist ideas, and makes references to George Bernard Shaw's The Apple Cart.

## Summary

The story concerns the invention of "light panels" – devices which turn electrical power directly into light (similar to electroluminescent displays, invented in 1949). In the course of their discovery, the inventors also discover that these panels can also be used to derive power from light. In attempting to bring their discovery to market, they encounter the active opposition of the Power Syndicate, a conglomeration of energy-producing companies dedicated to preserving their monopoly on power production. Rather than trying to maintain a patent on their invention, the scientists then publicly release the scientific details of their discovery for a small royalty, allowing anyone to obtain their own power, and thus outwitting the Power Syndicate. "Douglas-Martin sunpower screens" appear in several other Heinlein stories, such as "The Roads Must Roll".
# Leucophlebia caecilie

Leucophlebia caecilie is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Cameroon.
# List of ship commissionings in 1923

The list of ship commissionings in 1923 includes a chronological list of all ships commissioned in 1923.
| | Operator | Ship | Class and type | Pennant |
| 11 January | United States Navy | S-11 | S-class submarine | SS-116 |
| 4 April | United States Navy | S-36 | S-class submarine | SS-141 |
| 30 April | United States Navy | S-12 | S-class submarine | SS-117 |
| 11 May | United States Navy | S-38 | S-class submarine | SS-143 |
| 23 May | Royal Danish Navy | HDMS Niels Juel | Coastal defense ship | |
| 21 June | Royal Netherlands Navy | HNLMS K IX | K VIII-class submarine | K IX |
| 9 July | United States Navy | S-25 | S-class submarine | SS-130 |
| 14 July | United States Navy | S-13 | S-class submarine | SS-118 |
| 16 July | United States Navy | S-37 | S-class submarine | SS-142 |
| 20 August | Royal Netherlands Navy | Pro Patria | Pro Patria-class minelayer | |
| 24 August | United States Navy | S-24 | S-class submarine | SS-129 |
| 30 August | United States Navy | Colorado | Colorado-class battleship | BB-45 |
| 14 September | United States Navy | S-39 | S-class submarine | SS-144 |
| 24 September | Royal Netherlands Navy | K X | K VIII-class submarine | K X |
| 15 October | United States Navy | S-26 | S-class submarine | SS-131 |
| 30 October | United States Navy | S-23 | S-class submarine | SS-128 |
| 20 November | United States Navy | S-40 | S-class submarine | SS-145 |
| 1 December | United States Navy | West Virginia | Colorado-class battleship | BB-48 |
| 13 December | United States Navy | S-28 | S-class submarine | SS-133 |
# Leon Thomas in Berlin

Leon Thomas in Berlin is a live album by the American jazz vocalist and percussionist Leon Thomas with the saxophonist/arranger Oliver Nelson. The album was recorded in 1970 in Berlin and released by Flying Dutchman.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
The authors of the AllMusic Guide to Jazz awarded the album 5 out of 5 stars.
In a review for Music on the Web (UK), Dick Stafford wrote: "Leon Thomas in Berlin is an excellent example of the work of this almost forgotten vocalist. Thomas was very much a maverick in terms of his singing style, his use of the yodel and other effects turned his voice very much into another frontline musical instrument in much the same manner as scat was used by earlier singers . The lasting impression given by this is of a highly Afro - American form of the idiom which was much in fashion in the late 60's and early 70's. In many ways it is a great pity that this vibrant music has fallen so far from grace to be replaced by the mainstream conservatism that is so omni-present in a great deal of the performances which define Jazz at the present time... The balance of the material is impeccable... The rhythm section on this concert is superb... This is a real gem of a re-release and I feel sure that it will become a favourite of anyone who is prepared to give this highly charged original music a chance."

## Track listing

All compositions by Leon Thomas except where noted
* "Straight, No Chaser" (Thelonious Monk, Leon Thomas) − 6:32
* "Pharoah's Tune (The Journey)" (Pharoah Sanders, Thomas) − 9:10
* "Echoes" − 6:00
* "Umbo Weti" − 9:20
* "The Creator Has a Master Plan (Peace)" (Sanders, Thomas) − 8:43
* "Oo-Wee! Hindewe" − 1:07

## Personnel

* Leon Thomas – African flute, African mouth organ, vocals, percussion
* Oliver Nelson – alto saxophone
* Arthur Sterling – piano
* Günter Lenz – double bass
* Lex Humphries – drums
* Sonny Morgan – bongos
# George Leatham

George Leatham (16 August 1849 – 7 August 1916) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Hobart, Van Diemen's Land. In 1891 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as the member for New Norfolk. He was defeated in 1903 but returned in 1906. His initial election in 1906 was declared void due to his being a government contractor providing firewood to the New Norfolk asylum, but he was re-elected in a subsequent by-election in June 1906. In 1909, with the introduction of proportional representation, he stood for Franklin, but was defeated. Leatham died in 1916 in Hobart.