OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cologne phonetics

Cologne phonetics (also Kölner Phonetik, Cologne process) is a phonetic algorithm which assigns to words a sequence of digits, the phonetic code. The aim of this procedure is that identical sounding words have the same code assigned to them. The algorithm can be used to perform a similarity search between words. For example, it is possible in a name list to find entries like "Meier" under different spellings such as "Maier", "Mayer", or "Mayr". The Cologne phonetics is related to the well known Soundex phonetic algorithm but is optimized to match the German language. The algorithm was published in 1969 by Hans Joachim Postel.

## Method

The Cologne phonetics matches each letter of a word to a digit between "0" and "8". To select the appropriate digit, at most one adjacent letter is used as a context. Some rules apply specifically to the initials of words. In this way similar sounds are supposed to be assigned the same code. The letters "W" and "V" for example, are both encoded with the number "3". The phonetic code for "Wikipedia" is "3412" (W=3, K=4, P=1, and D=2). Unlike the Soundex code, the length of the codes from the Cologne phonetics method is not limited.

### Procedure

| Letter | Context | Code |
| A, E, I, J, O, U, Y | | 0 |
| H | | - |
| B | | 1 |
| P | not before H | 1 |
| D, T | not before C, S, Z | 2 |
| F, V, W | | 3 |
| P | before H | 3 |
| G, K, Q | | 4 |
| C | in the initial sound before A, H, K, L, O, Q, R, U, X | 4 |
| C | before A, H, K, O, Q, U, X except after S, Z | 4 |
| X | not after C, K, Q | 48 |
| L | | 5 |
| M, N | | 6 |
| R | | 7 |
| S, Z | | 8 |
| C | after S, Z | 8 |
| C | in initial position except before A, H, K, L, O, Q, R, U, X | 8 |
| C | not before A, H, K, O, Q, U, X | 8 |
| D, T | before C, S, Z | 8 |
| X | after C, K, Q | 8 |
That for the letter "C" the rule "SC" has priority over the rule "CH" was taken into account by the addition of "except after S, Z" in line 10 of the table. This is not explicitly mentioned in the original publication but can be inferred from the examples listed there, e.g. for "Breschnew" the code "17863" is specified.
Lowercase letters are encoded accordingly; all other characters (such as hyphens) are ignored. For the umlauts Ä, Ö, Ü, as well as ß, that are not taken into account in the conversion table, it suggests itself to match them to the vowels (code "0") respective to the group S, Z (code "8").
Processing of a word is done in three steps:
* Encode letter by letter from left to right according to the conversion table.
* Remove all digits occurring more than once next to each other.
* Remove all code "0" except at the beginning.

## Example

The name Müller-Lüdenscheidt will be coded as follows:
* Encode each letter: 60550750206880022
* Collapse of all multiple consecutive code digits: 6050750206802
* Remove all "0" digits: 65752682

## Literature

Hans Joachim Postel: Die Kölner Phonetik. Ein Verfahren zur Identifizierung von Personennamen auf der Grundlage der Gestaltanalyse. in: IBM-Nachrichten, 19. Jahrgang, 1969, S. 925-931.
# George Lederer

George Washington Lederer (1861 in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania − October 8, 1938) was an American producer and director on Broadway from 1894 to 1931. He was the husband of actresses Reine Davies and Jessie Lewis and the father of Charles Lederer, Pepi Lederer, Glory Lederer and Geraldine Lederer.

## Biography

Born to a Jewish family, Lederer began his career when he joined a touring opera company at age 13, as a soprano singer. When he reached the age of 17, he collaborated with the producer Thomas Canary and leased the Casino Theatre, in New York City. In 1897, at age 25, he produced the musical The Belle of New York, which became one of the first American musicals to enjoy enduring success in England, where it ran for over two years.
Lederer was one of the first producers of musical Revues in the U.S., when together with Sydney Rosenfeld, he presented The Passing Show in 1894. In 1903, while he was manager of the New York Theatre he presented the all-black musical In Dahomey, with music by Will Marion Cook and lyrics by poet Paul Dunbar. It starred the prominent black vaudeville team of Bert Williams and George Walker. Then crossing the Atlantic, it played for seven months, and received a Royal Command Performance at Buckingham Palace in England. The cakewalk dance, a highlight of the show, became the rage of the town.
He was married on October 19, 1889, to Ida Florine Newcombe, with whom he had a son, George W. Lederer Jr. (1891–1924), who became a theatre manager and press agent before dying aged 33. He was divorced from Newcombe and married to Adele Rice on the same day in November, 1894. Their son Maitland Rice Lederer became a motion picture executive. He and Rice were divorced in 1906, and he married actress Reine Davies in January, 1907. Their daughter Josephine Rose "Pepi" Lederer became a film actress, and son Charles Lederer became a screenwriter. He later married Jessie Lewis, with whom he had two daughters, Glory and Geraldine.
# Lepyrus

Lepyrus is a genus of true weevils in the beetle family Curculionidae. There are more than 70 described species in Lepyrus.

## Species

These 71 species belong to the genus Lepyrus:
* Lepyrus alternans Casey, 1895
* Lepyrus arctoalpinus Korotyaev, 1998
* Lepyrus armatus Weise, 1893
* Lepyrus asperatus Schaufuss, 1882
* Lepyrus bermani Korotyaev, 2008
* Lepyrus bimaculatus Dejean, 1821
* Lepyrus binotatus Schoenherr, 1834
* Lepyrus bituberculatus Cristofori & Jan, 1832
* Lepyrus brevis Schneider, 1900
* Lepyrus caesius Csiki, 1934
* Lepyrus canadensis Casey, 1895
* Lepyrus canus Gyllenhal, 1834
* Lepyrus capucinus (Schaller, 1783)
* Lepyrus caucasicus Korotyaev, 1995
* Lepyrus chinganensis Zumpt, 1936
* Lepyrus christophi Faust, 1882
* Lepyrus christophori Kleine, 1918
* Lepyrus cinereus Weise, 1893
* Lepyrus colon Germar, 1817
* Lepyrus costulatus Faust, 1882
* Lepyrus dahlii Cristofori & Jan, 1832
* Lepyrus dorsalis Reitter, 1890
* Lepyrus elongatus Zumpt, 1936
* Lepyrus errans Casey, 1895
* Lepyrus evictus Scudder
* Lepyrus flavidulus Reitter, 1908
* Lepyrus frigidus Lomnicki, 1894
* Lepyrus gamma Megerle
* Lepyrus ganglbaueri Faust, 1888
* Lepyrus gemellus Kirby, 1837
* Lepyrus geminatus Say, 1831
* Lepyrus germinatus Say, 1831
* Lepyrus gibber Faust, 1882
* Lepyrus griseus Melichar, 1912
* Lepyrus herbichi Reitter, 1896
* Lepyrus impudicus Cristofori & Jan, 1832
* Lepyrus japonicus Roelofs, 1873
* Lepyrus kabaki Korotyaev, 1995
* Lepyrus konoi Zumpt, 1936
* Lepyrus kozlovi Korotyaev, 1995
* Lepyrus labradorensis Blair, 1933
* Lepyrus merkli Korotyaev, 1995
* Lepyrus motschulskyi Faust, 1882
* Lepyrus nebulosus Motschulsky, 1860
* Lepyrus nordenskioeldi Faust, 1885
* Lepyrus nordenskioldi Faust, 1885
* Lepyrus notabilis Faust, 1882
* Lepyrus oregonus Casey, 1895
* Lepyrus palustris (Scopoli, 1763)
* Lepyrus perforatus Casey, 1895
* Lepyrus pinguis Casey, 1895
* Lepyrus quadriguttatus Sturm, 1826
* Lepyrus quadrinotatus Boheman, 1842
* Lepyrus quadrituberculatus Cristofori & Jan, 1832
* Lepyrus rufoclavatus Sturm, 1826
* Lepyrus rugicollis Desbrochers, 1895
* Lepyrus semicolon Billberg, 1820
* Lepyrus sibiricus Zumpt, 1938
* Lepyrus signatipennis Roelofs & W., 1873
* Lepyrus sokolovi Korotyaev, 1998
* Lepyrus staudingeri Zumpt, 1936
* Lepyrus stefanssoni (Leng, 1919)
* Lepyrus terrestris Motschulsky, 1860
* Lepyrus tesselatus Van Dyke, 1928
* Lepyrus tessellatus Van Dyke, 1928
* Lepyrus triguttatus Germar, 1817
* Lepyrus tsherenkovi Korotyaev, 1995
* Lepyrus variegatus Schmidt, 1856
* Lepyrus ventricosus Faust, 1882
* Lepyrus v-griseum Megerle,
* Lepyrus volgensis Faust, 1882
# Gerold Blümle

Gerold Blümle (born 1937) is a German economist.

## Life

Blümle was born on 30 January 1937 in Lörrach, Württemberg and, from 1972 to 2002, he was the Professor of Mathematical Economics at the University of Freiburg and a leading German exponent of the theory of income distribution and external trade theory.
Blümle's brother is the Swiss-German economist Ernst-Bernd Blümle. During his studies, which he spent in Freiburg im Breisgau and in Freiburg im Üechtland, among other places, he joined the Catholic Student Associations, K.St.V. Germania-Hohentwiel and K.St.V. Carolingia-Friborg, in the Kartellverband.
From 1985 to 1990 he was a member of the Advisory Board of the Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom of economic-liberal party Free Democratic Party in Germany. For many years, Blümle has also researched, lectured, taught and written on the subject of Baden's national game of Cego.

## Science

In his research, Blümle integrates economic history with theory, advocating that political economics should fundamentally support life, with theoretical and historical perspectives interconnected.
Gerold Blümle developed a business cycle model as a predator-prey relationship. In this model, there is a cyclical relationship between the investment ratio and the spread or variance of the profits, which is represented by Lotka-Volterra equations.

## Works

* Theorie der Einkommensverteilung. 1975.
* Fortschritt und Schöpfungsglaube oder Die Machbarkeit des Glücks. 1984.
* Wirtschaftsgeschichte und ökonomisches Denken, Ausgewählte Aufsätze. 2008.
* Das badische Nationalspiel Cego, 2018.
# Hein Mulders

Hein Mulders (born 9 October 1962 in Bussum) is a Dutch cultural manager and intendant of the Saalbau Essen since the beginning of the 2013/14 season.

## Life

Mulders studied art history in Paris, archaeology, Italian and musicology as well as art history in Amsterdam. He began his professional career for five years as orchestra manager of the Dutch National Youth Orchestra in Amsterdam and then spent eleven years as casting director of the Vlaamse Opera in Antwerp. He then became artistic director of De Nederlandse Opera Amsterdam.
Since the beginning of the 2013/14 season, Mulders has been in charge of the Aalto-Theater as the successor to Stefan Soltesz and the Philharmonie in Essen. He appointed the Czech Tomáš Netopil as general music director.
# Karl Ludwig Frommel

Karl Ludwig Frommel (29 April 1789 – 6 February 1863) was a German landscape painter and engraver, born at Birkenfeld. He studied at Karlsruhe, under F. J. Becker and Haldenwang, visited Paris, and earned a considerable reputation in Italy (1812–17). He was appointed professor at Karlsruhe where he founded the Society of Art and Industry. After a visit to London (1824) to acquaint himself with the technique of steel engraving, he opened a studio, with Henry Winkles at Karlsruhe for that branch of art. From 1830 to 1858 he was director of the picture gallery, which flourished. He was the father of Emil Frommel.

## In popular culture

* Parodied in an episode of Animaniacs, wherein he is referred to as "Karl Ludwig Frommage" in a song about cheese, along with "Vincent van Gouda" and "John Bocconcini."
# 2012 Malaysia FA Cup final

The 2012 Malaysia FA Cup Final was a football match which was played on 19 May 2012, to determine the champion of the 2012 Malaysia FA Cup. It was the final of the 23rd edition of the Malaysia FA Cup, competition organised by the Football Association of Malaysia.
The final was played between Sime Darby and Kelantan. Kelantan has won their first Malaysia FA Cup title, after winning the match 1–0.

## Venue

The final was held at the National Stadium, Bukit Jalil in Kuala Lumpur.

## Match details

| Sime Darby | Kelantan |
| GK | 25 | Redzuan Harun |
| DF | 2 | Azmirul Azmi |
| DF | 3 | Es Lizuan Zahid (c) |
| DF | 5 | Arif Ismail |
| DF | 6 | Fairuz Abdul Aziz |
| MF | 12 | Shoufiq Khusaini |
| MF | 14 | Leandro Teofilo |
| MF | 8 | Shazlan Alias |
| MF | 17 | Faiz Isa |
| FW | 4 | Patrick Wleh |
| FW | 19 | Mohamad Nor Ismail |
| Substitutes ||
| GK | 1 | Hafiz Samsuddin |
| DF | 8 | Syukur Saidin |
| DF | 23 | Nuraliff Zainal Abidin |
| MF | 15 | Hairul Nizam |
| MF | 13 | Asrol Ibrahim |
| FW | 22 | Razali Umar |
| Coach ||
| Ismail Zakaria ||
| GK | 19 | Khairul Fahmi |
| DF | 15 | Daudsu Jamaluddin |
| DF | 3 | S. Subramaniam |
| DF | 4 | Obinna Nwaneri |
| DF | 24 | Zairul Fitree |
| MF | 23 | S. Chanturu |
| MF | 8 | Shakir Shaari |
| MF | 16 | Badhri Radzi (c) |
| MF | 13 | Indra Putra Mahayuddin |
| FW | 9 | Norshahrul Idlan Talaha |
| FW | 22 | Mohammed Ghaddar |
| Substitutes ||
| GK | 21 | Shahrizan Ismail |
| DF | 6 | Farisham Ismail |
| DF | 17 | Rizal Fahmi Rosid |
| MF | 12 | Nurul Azwan Roya |
| MF | 10 | Nor Farhan Muhammad |
| FW | 25 | Azlan Ismail |
| Coach ||
| Bojan Hodak ||
| Assistant referees: Yusri Mohamad (Malaysia) Ismail (Malaysia) Fourth official: (Malaysia) | Match rules 90 minutes. 30 minutes of extra time if necessary. Penalty shoot-out if scores still level. Seven named substitutes. Maximum of three substitutions. |
# Lepidomys bilinealis

Lepidomys bilinealis is a species of snout moth in the genus Lepidomys. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1914, and is known from Panama.
# List of Wisconsin Scenic Byways

The Wisconsin Scenic Byways are a system consisting of roads in the U.S. state of Wisconsin that travel through areas of scenic and historic interest. The intent of this system is to promote tourism and raise awareness of the communities along these routes. Wisconsin also has another system of scenic highways called Rustic Roads. There are five state-recognized scenic byways in Wisconsin, and three of them have also been designated National Scenic Byways.

## Byways
### Door County Coastal Byway

The Door County Coastal Byway is a 66-mile (106 km) loop beginning and ending at the intersection of WIS 42 and WIS 57 by Sturgeon Bay. The loop follows WIS 42 and WIS 57 along the coasts of Lake Michigan and Green Bay in Door County. Highlights include orchards, vineyards, and forests. Visitor attractions include shopping, several lighthouses, three state parks (Peninsula, Newport, and Whitefish Dunes), and 10 county parks. Natural highlights includes vistas from the Niagara Escarpment and shores of Lake Michigan or Green Bay. The Ridges Sanctuary, a National Natural Landmark, is located near WIS 57 by Baileys Harbor. Country magazine named the byway on their Top 10 Best Scenic Roads list in 2013.
In February 2021, the byway was designated as a National Scenic Byway.

### Lower Wisconsin River Road

The Lower Wisconsin River Road is a 100-mile-long (160 km) segment along WIS 60. Highlights of the route include Frank Lloyd Wright's summer home, Taliesin, and potentially-Wright-inspired House on the Rock along with several battlefields for the Black Hawk War.

### Nicolet–Wolf River Scenic Byway

The Nicolet–Wolf River Scenic Byway is a 145-mile-long (233 km) byway connecting the Nicolet National Forest with the Wolf River, a National Scenic River in Forest, Langlade, Oneida and Vilas counties. It follows WIS 55, WIS 32, WIS 52 and WIS 70.

### Wisconsin Great River Road

The Wisconsin Great River Road consists of 250 miles (400 km) of highway along the Mississippi River on the Great River Road. It is the only All American Road designated in the state.

### Wisconsin Lake Superior Byway

The Wisconsin Lake Superior Byway is a 70-mile (110 km) segment of WIS 13 and the Lake Superior Circle Tour near the coast of Lake Superior through fishing towns. Highlights include the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore and the Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa reservation. In February 2021, the byway was designated as a National Scenic Byway.
# Chamaret

Chamaret (French pronunciation:) is a commune of the Drôme department in southeastern France.
# Francisco J. Mejía

Francisco J. Mejía (b. December 3, 1869, Olanchito, d. January 25, 1919, Tegucigalpa) was a Honduran politician.
Mejía studied law at the National University of Honduras. He then moved to Guatemala, where he worked as public notary for a few years. Returning to Honduras, he settled in La Ceiba where he founded the newspapers Pueblo and Patria. He wrote an essay on Honduran history, about the Facción de Olancho.
In 1903 he fought on the side of Manuel Bonilla.
In 1912, under the presidency of Manuel Bonilla, Mejía was named Secretary of State for War and Navy. He retained this post under the presidency of Francisco Bertrand.
Mejía emerged as a potential contender for the presidency of Honduras, but died in the midst of his presidential campaign. His vice-presidential candidate was Dr. Jerónimo J. Reina. At the time of Mejía's death, he held the post as Secretary of State for Governance and Justice.
The largest secondary school of Olanchito is named after Mejía.
# 2010 Paris–Roubaix

The 2010 Paris–Roubaix was the 108th running of the Paris–Roubaix single-day cycling race, often known as the Hell of the North. It was held on 11 April 2010 over a distance of 259 kilometres (160.9 miles) and was the ninth event in the inaugural UCI World Ranking series. The race was won by Swiss rider Fabian Cancellara.

## Teams

There were 25 teams for the 2010 Paris–Roubaix:

## Results

Results (1–10) :
| | Cyclist | Team | Time |
| 1 | Fabian Cancellara (SUI) | Team Saxo Bank | 6h 35' 10" |
| 2 | Thor Hushovd (NOR) | Cervélo TestTeam | + 2' 00" |
| 3 | Juan Antonio Flecha (ESP) | Team Sky | + 2' 00" |
| 4 | Roger Hammond (GBR) | Cervélo TestTeam | + 3' 14" |
| 5 | Tom Boonen (BEL) | Quick-Step | + 3' 14" |
| 6 | Bjorn Leukemans (BEL) | Vacansoleil | + 3' 20" |
| 7 | Filippo Pozzato (ITA) | Team Katusha | + 3' 46" |
| 8 | Leif Hoste (BEL) | Omega Pharma–Lotto | + 5' 16" |
| 9 | Sébastien Hinault (FRA) | Ag2r–La Mondiale | + 6' 27" |
| 10 | Hayden Roulston (NZL) | Team HTC–Columbia | + 6' 59" |
# Leo Maloney

Leo Maloney may refer to:
* Leo D. Maloney (1885–1929), American film actor, director, producer and screenwriter
* Leo Maloney (footballer) (born 1937), former Australian rules footballer
# Leonard Tepper

Leonard Tepper (July 3, 1939 – June 7, 2001) was an American actor and comedian known for his frequent cameo appearances on the Late Show with David Letterman between 1994 and 1998. His filmography includes Home Alone 2: Lost in New York, Class of Nuke'Em High, and The Shaman. He also appeared in a Miller Lite commercial and the video for Mariah Carey's Fantasy.

## Early life

He graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in Brooklyn, New York in 1956.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1986 | Class of Nuke 'Em High | Bald Teacher | |
| 1988 | The Shaman | Criminal #2 | |
| 1990 | Awakenings | Ward #5 Patient #5 | |
| 1992 | Home Alone 2: Lost in New York | Sleeping Man | |
| 1996 | Night Falls on Manhattan | Juror | Uncredited, (final film role) |
# German Salaried Employees' Union

The German Salaried Employees' Union, in German Deutsche Angestellten-Gewerkschaft (DAG) was an independent trade union based in Hamburg. It did not belong to the German Confederation of Trade Unions until it became part of ver.di, the united trade union for the services industry, in 2001.

## History

The DAG was founded in Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt in April 1949 when the employees' associations in the three western zones of Germany joined. The first employees' union associations were registered in the middle of the 19th century. In the Weimar Republic, up to one hundred different employees' associations joined up to form three main employees' federations: the social democratic AfA Federation (AfA-Bund), the liberal Union of Employees (Gewerkschaftsbund der Angestellten) and the Nationalist Christian Grand Association of German Employees' Unions (Gesamtverband der deutschen Angestelltengewerkschaften). The DAG considered itself as a successor to the employees' federations which existed until they were broken up by the Nazis in 1933.
The DAG established itself as a career-oriented employees' union independent of any political party. It did not belong to the German Confederation of Trade Unions and was a leading independent political organisation which influenced the Bundestag and the Cabinet of Germany in the interests of its members. One effect it had in the 1950s was to restore choice to the individual as concerned social insurance and to ensure that nearly all German employees had social insurance.
In the decades that followed, the DAG had a lasting effect on the wage system for employees and influenced their qualifications. It ran training centres, making it one of the largest providers of employee training in West Germany. Its functions were strictly divided into official and voluntary ones following a decision at the national congress in 1957.
In 1998, the DAG had 485,225 members, with about 55% being women.
In 2001 the DAG merged with four unions of the German Confederation of Trade Unions (DPG, HBV, ÖTV, IG Medien) becoming the ver.di, the united trade union for the services industry. At the time of the integration the union had about 2.9 million members.

## Presidents

    1949: Fritz Rettig
    1959: Georg Schneider (acting)
    1960: Rolf Spaethen
    1967: Hermann Brandt
    1987: Roland Issen
# Henrietta, Johnson County, Missouri

Henrietta is an unincorporated community in Johnson County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

## History

A post office called Henrietta was established in 1877, and remained in operation until 1904. The community took its name from a local Grange hall of the same name.
# Kasa

Kasa may refer to

## Places

* Kasa (kingdom), a former kingdom in Senegal
* Kasa, Sweden, a village in northern Sweden
* Kasa District, Kyoto, a district in Kyoto, Japan
* Kasa Khurd, a village in Maharashtra, India
* Kasa-Vubu (commune), a district in the Kinshasa, Congo
* Mount Kasa, a mountain in Gifu Prefecture, Japan.

## Radio and television stations

* KASA (AM), a defunct radio station (1540 AM) formerly licensed to serve Phoenix, Arizona, United States
* KASA-TV, a television station (channel 27, virtual 2) licensed to Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States

## People

* Joseph Kasa-Vubu, first president of Congo
* Lady Kasa, Japanese poet
* Nadasi Kasa, ancient Indian queen
* Tamás Kásás, Hungarian water polo player

## Other uses

* Gasa (poetry), a form of Korean poetry
* KASA Stadium, a multipurpose stadium in Assam, India
* Kasa (hat), a Japanese hat
* Kasa-obake, a spirit or monster in Japanese folklore
* Kibera Aeronautics and Space Academy, a project of the Tunapanda Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
* Korea AeroSpace Administration, space agency of South Korea