OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Giovanni Balducci

Giovanni Balducci, called Il Cosci after his maternal uncle, (c. 1560 — after 1630) was an Italian mannerist painter.

## Biography

Born in Florence, Balducci was trained by Giovanni Battista Naldini. Under the guidance and supervision of Vasari, he worked as an assistant to Federico Zuccari in the fresco painting of the Final Judgment (1575–1579), on the inside of the Brunelleschi dome of the Duomo in Florence. He also frescoed a Last Supper in the church. These paintings, in addition to other transient ornamented arches and banners, were part of decorations developed to celebrate the wedding of Ferdinand I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, to Christina of Lorraine. During this time, Balducci also painted an altarpiece of the Mystical Marriage of St Catherine for the church of Sant'Agostino in San Gimignano.
From 1577-1580, he aided Naldini in the fresco decoration of the Altoviti Chapel in the church of Trinità dei Monti in Rome. He returned to Florence, to assist Alessandro Allori in the decoration of Vasari's Gallery for the Uffizi. Under the patronage of Cardinal Alessandro de' Medici, who later became the short-lived Pope Leo XI, Balducci was engaged from 1588-1590 in painting a cycle of frescoes depicting scenes from the Life of Christ for the Oratorio di Gesù Pellegrino, located in Via San Gallo of Florence. From 1590-1591, he worked with Naldini in the decoration of Volterra Cathedral, painting in the Serguidi chapel a Miracle of Loaves and Fishes.
By 1600, Balducci had moved to Naples, where he painted altarpieces of St Dominic dispensing the Rosary and St Peter Martyr for the church of Santa Maria della Sanità. In 1609 he painted the Pardon of Carlo Gesualdo, now in the church of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Gesualdo in the province of Avellino. Balducci also continued to work in fresco, painting in the cloister of Santa Maria del Carmine and on the ceilings of the church of the Annunziata in Maddaloni, in Campania. He died in Naples.

## Legacy

Balducci has paintings in public collections including two in the United Kingdom.
# Gilman test

The Gilman test is a chemical test for the detection of Grignard reagents and organolithium reagents.
A 0.5 mL sample is added to a 1% solution of Mischler's ketone in benzene or toluene. To this solution is added 1 mL of water for hydrolysis to take place and then several drops of 0.2% iodine in glacial acetic acid. If the color of the resulting solution becomes a greenish-blue then the original sample did contain the organometallic species.
# Gitti Pirner

Gitti Pirner (Margit Pirner, born June 26, 1943, in Immenstadt im Allgäu) is a German classical pianist and professor emeritus of the University of Music and Performing Arts Munich.

## Biography

Pirner grew up in Sonthofen. Having learned to play the piano from early childhood, she gave her first piano recital at the age of seven and Mozart's first piano concerto at the age of eight. When she was twelve, she played Mozart's 23rd Piano Concerto in A major, KV 488, as part of a solo concert, and received positive press coverage from the Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung.
In 1956 the young Pirner went to study under Erik Then-Bergh in the Munich Musikhochshule. Pirner then went to study in Rome with Guido Agosti, Wilhelm Kempff, and finally Louis Hiltbrand at the Geneva Conservatory, where she won the first prize at the Geneva International Music Competition and, after her return to Munich, the Interpretationspreis.
Pirner taught a master class at the University of Music and Performing Arts Munich for 30 years until 2013 and holds a visiting professorship at the Zurich University of the Arts. In addition, she led courses in Tokyo and Shanghai and was a juror in international competitions.

## Awards

In 2004, Pirner received the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany. She lives since 21 May 1991 in Tutzing where she received the distinction of honorable citizen in 2010.
# Gjøran Sæther

Gjøran Sæther (December 19, 1982), also known by the pseudonym Proteque, is a Norwegian artist and painter. He is active in the digital art scene with music and graphic, and as a painter in traditional art.
In 2017, he joined the blackened death metal band Hateful Transgression as keyboardist.

## Biography

Sæther was born on 19 December 1982 in Molde, Norway.

## Traditional art

His style is very dark and expressive with references to the dark paths in life. According to art pages his style falls under Expressionism.

## Digital Art

Sæther participates in the digital art community and the demoscene movement under the pseudonym Proteque. He has created art with old computers like Commodore 64, Atari ST and Amiga 500. He is most active working with Atari computers in a group of artists named Dead Hackers Society. As in his painting his style in digital art is somewhat dark and shows the dark sides of life. Some of his work can be seen on artsites like Artcity and the homepage of Dead Hackers Society.

## Music and sound

The name Proteque is also used in his sound and music productions. The music is mostly in the genres Dark Ambient, Experimental and Industrial Ambient. He started making music on old computers like Amiga 500 with the name Fantaprod. Later he joined the group System Talayout where the name Proteque was first used. Later on Sæther started making music and soundscapes with sequencers and synthesizers. His style in synthesizer music is rather towards cinematic. Sæther is also a part of the Ambient Industrial group named Orbitoclast.
Amanita was his first EP and was released by Dead Hackers Society on Atari Falcon as a music disk and in music stores March 2010. The second release The album Smell of old electronics was his first album and was released in June 2011 both on CD and as digital download. Through My Eyes (EP) and The Point Of Regret (Album) followed as digital downloads, before the next full album release which was Screaming Silently that also was released on a limited CD release and as digital download.
Sæther has also created the soundscape for the short movie The World Must Burn by the Finish artist Pilvari Pirtola. The short movie was shown first at Solskogen 2011 and then in the screening of experimental movies on Thursday 10.11.2011 at Helsinki Short Film Festival.

## Album and EP releases in chronological order

* March 2010 - Amanita (EP)
* June 2011 - Smell of old electronics (Album)
* October 2011 - Through my eyes (Album)
* January 2012 - The Point of Regret (EP)
* July 2012 - Screaming Silently (Album)
* October 2012 - Glittering Concrete (EP)
* December 2012 - Innoverpust frå ei frosen brud (coop with poet Øystein Hauge) (EP)
* February 2013 - The Inner Calm (EP)
* April 2013 - Demons Will Bring Us Together (EP)
* August 2013 - Sjelemesse (Album)
* March 2014 - Truth (EP)
* July 2014 - Fragile (Album)

## Releases through labels and collections

* July 2012 - Forty Five Degrees by various artists (dark ambient collection released from Tufs)
* December 2012 - Operation Payload (WW 3-album about the war that never was. Released by Grimtown Records)
# Girolamo Asteo

Girolamo Asteo, O.F.M. Conv. (1562 – 1626) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Veroli (1608–1626).

## Biography

Girolamo Asteo was born in 1562 and ordained a priest in the Order of Friars Minor Conventual. On 17 November 1608, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Paul V as Bishop of Veroli. On 23 November 1608, he was consecrated bishop by Marcello Lante della Rovere, Bishop of Todi, with Giovanni Battista del Tufo, Bishop Emeritus of Acerra, and Paolo de Curtis, Bishop Emeritus of Isernia, serving as co-consecrators. He served as Bishop of Veroli until his death on 15 August 1626.
# Girolamo Genga

Girolamo Genga (c. 1476 – 11 July 1551) was an Italian painter and architect of the late Renaissance, Mannerist style.

## Life and career

Genga was born in a region near Urbino. According mainly to Giorgio Vasari's biography, by age thirteen Genga had gained an apprenticeship in Orvieto under Luca Signorelli. He was afterwards for three years with Pietro Perugino, in company with Raphael. He next worked in Florence and Siena (where he decorated the Petrucci palace c. 1508), along with Timoteo della Vite; and in the latter city he painted various compositions for Pandolfo Petrucci, a leading local statesman, among which The Abduction of Helen, now in the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg.
Returning to Urbino, he was employed by Duke Guidobaldo da Montefeltro in the decorations of his palace, and showed extraordinary aptitude for theatrical adornments. He is recorded as having helped design the decorations for the Duke's funeral in 1508. From Urbino, he travelled to Rome and painted one of his masterpieces, The Resurrection, for the church of Santa Caterina da Siena.
Francesco Maria I della Rovere, duke of Urbino, recalled Genga, and commissioned him to execute works in connection with his marriage to Eleonora Gonzaga in 1522. This prince was soon afterwards expelled by Pope Leo X, and Genga followed him to Mantua. When Della Rovere regained Pesaro, he had Genga reconstruct a former castle into a suburban villa, known as the Villa Imperiale This semi-rural retreat was refurbished from c. 1530 onwards. Its sunken court is the direct precedent for the more famous one at Villa Giulia, Rome, For the fresco decoration of the interior, Genga recruited a number of major Mannerist painters, including Francesco Menzocchi, Bronzino, Dosso Dossi, and Raffaellino dal Colle. The duke of Urbino was eventually restored to his dominions; he took Genga with him, and appointed him the ducal architect and decorator. He worked extensively on the Villa Imperiale on Mount Accio.
Among his work in Urbino, was the scenography of plays, for example, Castiglione described the sumptuous decoration (presumably Genga's) of the performance of Bibbiena’s La Calandria in Urbino on 6 February 1513. He also decorated the chapel of San Martino in the cathedral.
Genga was a sculptor as well as a musician. Among his pupils was his own son Bartolommeo (1518–1558), who became a respected architect. There are few extant paintings by Genga. One of his leading works is in the church of Sant'Agostino in Cesena: a triptych in oil, representing the Annunciation, God the Father in Glory, and the Madonna and Child. Among his architectural works are the church of San Giovanni Battista in Pesaro; the bishop's palace at Senigallia; the façade of the Mantua cathedral; and fortifications near Pesaro.
Genga retired to a house in the vicinity of Urbino, continuing still to produce designs in pencil.
# Giồng Riềng district

Giồng Riềng is a rural district (huyện) of Kiên Giang province in the Mekong River Delta region of Vietnam.

## Divisions

The district is divided into the following communes:
Giồng Riềng, Thạnh Lộc, Thạnh Hưng, Thạnh Hoà, Thạnh Phước, Ngọc Thuận, Ngọc Chúc, Ngọc Thành, Ngọc Hoà, Hoà Lợi, Hoà Hưng, Hoà An, Hoà Thuận, Vĩnh Thạnh, Vĩnh Phú, Bàn Thạch, Long Thạnh and Bàn Tân Định.
As of 2003 the district had a population of 195,024. The district covers an area of 634 km². The district capital lies at Giồng Riềng.
# Glenea manto

Glenea manto is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1866. It is known from Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo and Java.
# Glenea lugubris

Glenea lugubris is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by James Thomson in 1865.
# Gledka

Gledka is a village in Stambolovo Municipality, in Haskovo Province, in southern Bulgaria.
# Giuseppe Bottero

Giuseppe Bottero (1846, Asti – 1930) was an Italian painter, active mainly in Turin, as a genre painter. Later in life, he became an engineer and lieutenant general.

## Biography

He initially trained with Giuseppe Giani, then studied at the Accademia Albertina in Turin. From there, he moved to Rome, where he befriended Antonio Mancini.
The contemporary critic, De Gubernatis, described him as having the artistic temperament and courage of a painter of the Cinquecento. At the National Exhibition of Turin, he displayed Il Coltello and Sul Golgota (On Golgotha). In the Exhibition of 1886 in Milan, he displayed: Compagni di sventura. In the 1887 exhibition of Venice, he displayed Hypochondria and La Posa.
# Giuseppe Bottani

Giuseppe Bottani (1717 – 1784) was an Italian painter active in the Baroque period.

## Biography

He was born in Cremona, and lived as a boy in Pontremoli. He was sent to study in Florence, where he was a pupil of Vincenzo Meucci and Antonio Puglieschi. He moved to Rome to work under Agostino Masucci, then he returned to Cremona after 1745. In 1769, he was named professor of painting and director of the Academy of Fine Arts in Mantua. He was known for painting landscapes in the style of Gaspard Poussin, and figures in the style of Maratta.
He painted a St. Paola taking leave of her Attendants, once in the church of Santi Cosmo e Damiano at Milan. He painted an Assumption of the Virgin with twelve apostles for the choir of the Pontremoli Cathedral. He painted an Assumption with Saints Francis, Andrea Avellino, Carlo Borromeo, Luigi Gonzaga, and Magdalen for the church of San Francesco in Pontremoli. He painted an Assumption of Christ with twelve apostles for the church of San Giacomo in Altopascio. He painted the Transit of St Francis Xavier for the parish church of San Nicolo in Pontremoli.
He trained his brother Giovanni Bottani, active in Pontremoli circa 1720. Another of his pupils was the Brescian Domenico Vantini. Giuseppe died in Mantua.
# Glacier Bay wolf spider

The Glacier Bay wolf spider (Pardosa diuturna) is a species of spider in the family Lycosidae. It is endemic to Canada and Alaska.
# Glonville

Glonville (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.
# Glen Echo Country Club

Glen Echo County Club, located in Normandy, Missouri, is a private golf club that was founded by George McGrew and his son-in-law, Albert Bond Lambert. Completed in 1901, it was the first 18-hole golf course in St. Louis and the first golf course constructed west of the Mississippi River. The course hosted the golf events for the 1904 Summer Olympics.

## History

The club was designed by James Foulis from Scotland, winner of the 1896 U.S. Open, and built by him and his brother Robert. It opened on May 25, 1901 and hosted the golf events for the 1904 Summer Olympics. The LPGA Tour visited the course, hosting the St. Louis Women's Invitational in 1954, 1964, and 1970.

## Hole information

All information about the holes are from this source.
| Hole # | Name | Par | Yards |
| 1 | Lilac Way | 4 | 380 |
| 2 | The Valley | 4 | 432 |
| 3 | Spooks | 4 | 357 |
| 4 | Long Drive | 5 | 538 |
| 5 | Roadway | 4 | 277 |
| 6 | The Glen | 3 | 176 |
| 7 | Boomerang | 4 | 468 |
| 8 | Alps | 5 | 472 |
| 9 | Fountain | 3 | 164 |
| Hole # | Name | Par | Yards |
| 10 | Hard Scrabble | 5 | 510 |
| 11 | Hillside | 3 | 244 |
| 12 | Westward Ho | 4 | 406 |
| 13 | Echo | 4 | 353 |
| 14 | Dewdrop | 3 | 136 |
| 15 | The Lake | 4 | 360 |
| 16 | Punch Bowl | 4 | 434 |
| 17 | Old Hickory | 4 | 384 |
| 18 | Sweet Home | 4 | 411 |

## Other amenities

The course offers a short range tee and a separate Zoysia long range tee. It also has driving range, a chipping green, and a practice bunker. It has a bent grass green that allows for walking and golf carts on the course. The fairways for the course are Zoysia grass. The course's bunkers were renovated in the fall of 2012 by Goalby Golf Design and the Glen Echo staff, resulting in the bunkers being modified to the old style flat bottomed bunker.
# Glen Echo Park

Glen Echo Park can refer to:
* Glen Echo Park, Maryland, a park in Glen Echo, Maryland, USA
* Glen Echo Park, Missouri, a village in Missouri, USA
* Glen Echo Park, Ontario, a naturist club in King, Ontario, Canada
# Global Lives Project

The Global Lives Project is a nonprofit organization consisting of volunteer filmmakers and photographers, programmers and engineers, architects and designers, students and scholars. The mission of the organization is to collaboratively build a video library of human life experience that reshapes how individuals conceive of cultures, nations and people outside of their own communities.

## Program areas

The Global Lives Project has four main program areas: exhibitions, curating, education and screenings.
* Exhibitions: The organization creates multi-screen video installations featuring 24-hour-long films of individual lives. The installations are intended to create a space of contemplation and reflection.
* Curating Video: The Global Lives Project currently curates a permanent online video library of footage and provides a hub for its community of volunteers. Globallives.org allows users to explore the video collection in multiple languages, access education materials, propose new shoots, build teams of collaborators and raise money for new productions.
* Education: The organization provides materials intended to provide lessons in social studies, language arts, geography, statistics, foreign languages, art and community service.
* Screenings and Discussions: Aside from video installations, the Global Lives Project holds screenings and presentations at universities, cultural centers, and events. Screenings have been held at venues such as the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History and Harvard University.

## History

The first phase of The Global Lives Project was an international collaboration of filmmakers who produced 10 documentaries. Each documentary is 24 hours long and captures a complete day in the life of the film subject. These subjects were chosen to be demographically representative of the global population, so that they match the global distributions of rural vs. urban population, regional distribution, gender, income level, religion, and age.
The first full premiere of all 10 videos occurred at a museum in San Francisco in February 2010. The Yerba Buena Center for the Arts hosted a four-month exhibition that drew more than 20,000 visitors. Dozens of other installations, screenings and lectures have been held in various locations around the world, including the United Nations University in Tokyo.
The Global Lives Project was founded by David Evan Harris and has been supported by the Black Rock Arts Foundation, the Long Now Foundation, the Adobe Foundation, the Burwen Education Foundation, the Consulate of Switzerland in San Francisco, The National Endowment for the Arts, and hundreds of individual donors.
# Claudio Demattè

Claudio Demattè (4 March 1942 – 19 March 2004) was an Italian economist and founder of SDA Bocconi. He was also president of RAI and chairman of Ferrovie dello Stato.

## Biography

Claudio Demattè was born in Trento on 4 March 1942. He graduated in economics from Bocconi University under the guide of Giordano Dell'Amore in 1966 and earned his M.B.A. from Harvard Business School in 1970. He spent most of his career at Bocconi University and focused on strategic management, internationalization strategy, finance and the television industry. In 1971 he founded SDA Bocconi and was its Director from 1984 to 1989 and then Chairman from 1996 to 2002. In 1988 he founded the journal Economia & Management (Etas). As a professor and researcher he focused mainly on the following subjects: corporate strategy, internationalization strategy, banking and financial markets, financial services businesses, media & TV. He took also direct management responsibilities in top utilities and banking institutions.
He was president of RAI in 1994, he decided to resign with the entire Board short after Berlusconi's electoral victory, he was chairman of Ferrovie dello Stato from 1998 to 2001, and chairman of the bank CARIME from 1996 to 2000 and before that chairman of Banca di Trento e Bolzano in his home town of Trento. In all these positions he brought competence, innovation, pragmatism and undisputed granitic integrity.
He died at the age of 62 in Milan on 19 March 2004.
# H. Rodgin Cohen

Henry Rodgin "Rodge" Cohen (born 1944) is an American corporate lawyer whose practice focuses on commercial banking and financial institutions. He is currently the senior chairman of the law firm Sullivan & Cromwell.

## Early life and education

Henry Rodgin Cohen was born in 1944, in the Fort Hill section of Charleston, West Virginia to Louis and Bertie (Rodgin) Cohen. His father ran drugstores and his mother was a high school teacher.
After studying in the local public schools through junior high, Cohen attended and graduated from Deerfield Academy in Massachusetts. He then graduated from Harvard College (1965), and Harvard Law School (1968).

## Career

After two years in the U.S. Army as a military lawyer at Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, Cohen joined Sullivan & Cromwell LLP in 1970. Cohen served as Sullivan & Cromwell's Chairman from 2000 through the end of 2009. The Financial Times has called Cohen "one of the biggest players on Wall Street". The Wall Street Journal refers to Cohen as "arguably the country's leading banking lawyer". He has been called "the trauma surgeon of Wall Street".
Cohen participated in the bank negotiations in January 1981 that resulted in the freeing of the Americans held during the Iran hostage crisis. Cohen has also been a key player in the resolution of most major bank failures in recent decades, including Continental Illinois, First City, Southeast, Franklin National Bank and Bank of New England and, at the recommendation of the Federal Reserve, the Ohio thrift crisis during the U.S. Savings and Loan crisis in the 1980s. Following the September 11, 2001 attacks, Cohen was a leader in the Wall Street community rallying support for Lower Manhattan. Cohen is a trustee of Deerfield Academy, New York Presbyterian Hospital, the Hackley School, Hampton University and The Economic Club of New York, and is a member of the advisory boards of Wall Street Rising, United Way of Westchester-Putnam and the University of Charleston.
In 2009, Cohen was rumored to be considered for the post of Deputy Secretary of the Treasury in the Obama administration.
Regarding the worst economic crisis in 80 years, Cohen defended the financial system and Wall Street: "I am far from convinced there was something inherently wrong with the system."
Cohen was played by Robert J. Hogan in the 2011 film Too Big to Fail.
# Lapinlahti Airfield

Lapinlahti Airfield is an airfield in Lapinlahti, Finland, about 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) northeast of Lapinlahti municipal centre.