OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Independent Democratic Party of Serbia

The Independent Democratic Party of Serbia (Serbian Cyrillic: Самостална Демократска странка Србије, romanized: Samostalna Demokratska stranka Srbije, Samostalni DSS) was a conservative political party in Serbia that existed from 2015 to 2020.
The Samostalni DSS was formed in 2015 following a split in the Democratic Party of Serbia (DSS). Its leader was Andreja Mladenović, who served as deputy mayor of Belgrade from 2014 to 2018 and was briefly a parliamentarian 2016.

## History

The Serbian Progressive Party (SNS) and its allies won a majority victory in the 2014 Belgrade City Assembly election with sixty-three seats out of 110. The DSS finished in fourth place with nine seats and subsequently joined the SNS in a coalition government. Andreja Mladenović, who had led the DSS group in the city assembly in the previous term, became Belgrade's deputy mayor with SNS support.
In July 2015, DSS leader Sanda Rašković Ivić expelled Mladenović and six members of the party's Belgrade assembly group on the grounds that they were attempting to turn the DSS into a satellite of the Progressive Party. The expelled members described this decision as unjust and contrary to party policy and established the Samostalni DSS with Mladenović as leader. They initially identified as a fraction within the DSS and said they would work for the party's renewal.
The Samostalni DSS later became a distinct party, and Mladenović was formally chosen as leader at a founding convention in October 2015. Branches were established in several municipalities throughout Serbia, and delegates in some municipal assemblies joined the party.
Mladenović established an alliance between the Samostalni DSS and the SNS at the republic level and in Belgrade. He was himself included in the tenth position on the Progressive Party's coalition electoral list in the 2016 Serbian parliamentary election; this was tantamount to election, and he was indeed elected when the list won a majority victory with 131 out of 250 mandates. His term was brief. He could not hold a dual mandate as a national assembly member and deputy mayor of Belgrade and so resigned his seat on 3 October 2016.
The Samostalni DSS seems to have become largely inactive as an organization by 2017, although Mladenović was re-elected to the Belgrade assembly in the 2018 Belgrade City Assembly election. Formally, his endorsement was from the SNS. He was briefly the acting mayor of Belgrade in May–June 2018 before becoming an assistant to new mayor Zoran Radojičić.
In November 2019, the Samostalni DSS announced a merger with the Movement for the Development of Serbia and the National Democratic Political Council to form the Independent Serbian Party. The merger was made official in February 2020 with Mladenović as the party's first leader.
# French Pakistani

French Pakistani or Pakistani French may refer to:
* France–Pakistan relations (c.f. "a French-Pakistani treaty")
* Mixed race people of French and Pakistani descent
* People with dual citizenship of France and Pakistan
* Pakistanis in France
* French people in Pakistan
# Joshua Treviño

Joshua Treviño is an American political commentator, formerly a consultant and United States Army officer. He is a former George W. Bush Administration speech writer and was listed as a 2006 Lincoln Fellow with the Claremont Institute. He is a graduate of Furman University. Trevino facilitated a controversial public relations campaign by the Malaysian government to pay conservative U.S. commentators in exchange for favorable coverage of the country.

## Controversy

In August 2012, a controversy arose around statements Treviño had made on Twitter over a year previously, following the Israeli military's May 31, 2010, raid on the Mavi Marmara and later in the context of the planned Freedom Flotilla II. In June 2011 he had written: "Dear IDF: If you end up shooting any Americans on the new Gaza flotilla—well, most Americans are cool with that. Including me." Critics accused him of incitement to murder and demanded that The Guardian drop him as a columnist.
Treviño and The Guardian responded by publishing a response in which Treviño stated that "any reading of my tweet of 25 June 2011 that holds that I applauded, encouraged, or welcomed the death of fellow human beings, is wrong, and out of step with my life and record." The Guardian later severed its relationship with Treviño, citing his previously undisclosed partnership with Malaysian business interests.

## Malaysian government payment scandal

Between May 2008 and April 2011, Treviño was paid $389,000 by the "Government of Malaysia, its ruling party, or interests closely aligned with either".
His work was to organize a covert opinion campaign against former Malaysian Deputy Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim. None of those involved with the campaign disclosed that the funds paid were provided by the government of Malaysia. Treviño in turn made payments of up to $36,000 to several conservative American opinion writers who went on to write pro-government pieces on behalf of Malaysia, including his former employer Chuck DeVore, Claire Berlinski, Ben Domenech, Rachel Ehrenfeld and Brad Jackson. Outlets in which their work appeared included the Huffington Post, the San Francisco Examiner, the Washington Times, National Review, and RedState. When questioned in 2011 by the Politico website about whether Malaysian interests funded his activities, Treviño flatly denied it: "I was never on any 'Malaysian entity's payroll,' and I resent your assumption that I was."
In 2013 Treviño filed a statement with the Foreign Registration office of the Department of Justice—five years after being required to make the information public. He explained the late filing by stating that he was unaware of the requirement. Britain's The Guardian banned him from writing as a result of having failed to disclose his Malaysian government ties; a lawyer advised him to contact the Justice Department about filing. Treviño stated, "They let me do a retroactive filing and that was that."
# Milo Emil Halbheer

Milo or Milo Emil Halbheer (1910–1978) was a German painter.
He was born Emil Halbheer and raised in Koblenz, Germany. In 1930 he moved to Zürich, Switzerland, his father's hometown. In Zurich he studied to be a graphic artist and painter at the School of Arts and Crafts. In 1949 he opened his studio in La Garde-Freinet, France.
Milo painted scenes inspired by the "Maures", a mountain range in the Côte d'Azur region. He often painted images of the countryside in La Garde-Freinet, particularly emphasizing its old and striking chestnut trees, cork oaks, and olive trees. He also was known for his urban scenes, many based on his native town of Koblenz. His works were featured in numerous exhibitions in Switzerland, France, Germany, the United States, and Canada. In 1970 he was awarded the Gold Medal of the Grand Prix International de Provence. He died in Dietikon, Switzerland in 1978.
According to his profile at the Bel Art Gallery, Halbheer's work includes both Impressionist and Post-Impressionist elements, and may be usefully compared with that of Karl Schmidt-Rottluff and Paul Cézanne.

## Sources

* Bel Art Gallery profile
# Lecidea hoganii

Lecidea hoganii is a rare species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Lecideaceae. It is known to occur only in Boulder, Colorado, where it grows in association with other lichens in mixed saxicolous communities on sandstone in the Fox Hills Formation. The lichen is characterized by its thick white, chalky thallus, sessile to raised apothecia, presence of a dark pink pigment in the hymenium, and absence of secondary compounds.

## Taxonomy

The species was formally described by lichenologists Erin Tripp and James Lendemer in 2015. It belongs to the Lecidea auriculata morphological group and is evolutionarily related to the L. tessellata group. The specific epithet honors Tim Hogan (Collections Manager of the Colorado herbarium) for his decades of contributions to knowledge of the Colorado flora, particularly with respect to the alpine, subalpine, and surrounding montane ecosystems; the authors note that this species "is dark and complex, but a little rosy on the inside".

## Description

Lecidea hoganii has a crustose, epilithic thallus that is conspicuously raised above the substrate, forming rosettes up to 7 cm (2.8 in) in diameter and 0.6 mm thick. It lacks soredia, isidia, or other lichenized diaspores, and has an indistinct or lacking prothallus. The upper surface is dull, chalky white, lacks pruina, and the upper cortex is 60–110 μm thick, poorly defined and densely inspersed with crystals. The apothecia are lecideine, 0.5–2.0 mm in diameter, erumpent, and initially immersed but soon becoming distinctly sessile to prominently raised above the thallus on columns of thalline tissue up to 0.9 mm tall. The photobiont of Lecidea hoganii is a green alga, with coccoid cells 13–17 μm in diameter. All standard chemical spot tests are negative.

## Habitat and distribution

Lecidea hoganii is found at White Rocks Open Space in Boulder County, Colorado, on tilted and for the most part sun-exposed surfaces of sandstone boulders derived from the Fox Hills Formation. It occurs in mixed saxicolous communities growing in close association with other lichens such as Caloplaca decipiens, Lecidella carpathica, L. patavina, and Rinodina strausii. The species is globally and locally rare, and, as of 2017, is only known from the White Rocks Open Space area.

## Conservation

Lecidea hoganii is found infrequently at White Rocks Open Space and is not known to occur in any other locality, suggesting that the species is both globally and locally rare. The authors suggest that this species merits ranking under the IUCN Red List as Critically Endangered due to its restricted geographical range, the single known extant population, and the small number of individuals known (less than 50).
# Justicia irwinii

Justicia irwinii is a species of plant in the family Acanthaceae.

## Distribution and habitat

J. irwinii is native to Brazil, where it occurs in the Federal District and the neighboring state of Goiás at elevations between 850–1,100 m (2,790–3,610 ft). It can be found in a diverse range of habitats where partial shade is present.

## Description

J. irwinii is a herb or subshrub growing to 75–100 cm (30–39 in) tall. The stems are quadrangular and hairy, with a dense covering of white trichomes. The leaves are ovate with a pointed tip, measuring 10–16.5 cm (3.9–6.5 in) long and 3.3–7.3 cm (1.3–2.9 in) wide. The upper surface of the leaf is dark green and moderately hairy. The undersides of the leaves are yellowish-green, hairy, with prominent veins. The lavender flowers, each measuring around 2.8 cm (1.1 in) long, are borne on spikes. The fruit is a small capsule that is green or purplish-green when fresh, turning brown as it dries.
# 1961 Turkish general election

General elections were held in Turkey on 15 October 1961. The Republican People's Party (CHP) emerged as the largest party, winning 173 of the 450 seats. It was the first time the CHP had won the most seats after the transition to a multi-party system, and the first time no party won a majority of seats. Voter turnout was 81%.

## Electoral system

The electoral system used was party-list proportional representation with the D'Hondt method in 67 electoral districts. In order to receive seats in a district, parties needed to win a Hare quota in that district.

## Results

| | Republican People's Party | 3,724,752 | 36.73 | 173 | –5 |
| | Justice Party | 3,527,435 | 34.78 | 158 | New |
| | Republican Villagers Nation Party | 1,415,390 | 13.96 | 54 | New |
| | New Turkey Party | 1,391,934 | 13.73 | 65 | New |
| | Independents | 81,732 | 0.81 | 0 | –2 |
| Total | Total | 10,141,243 | 100.00 | 450 | –160 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 10,138,035 | 96.34 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 384,681 | 3.66 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 10,522,716 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 12,925,395 | 81.41 | | |
| Source: YSK ||||||
# Frattaminore

Frattaminore is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples, in the Italian region of Campania, located about 13 km north of Naples.
Frattaminore borders the following municipalities: Crispano, Frattamaggiore, Orta di Atella, Sant'Arpino.
# Boreosmittia

Boreosmittia is a genus of European non-biting midges in the subfamily Orthocladiinae of the bloodworm family (Chironomidae).

## Species

* A. protensa Sæther, 2000
* A. sivertseni (Aagaard, 1979)
# Gorbaciof

Gorbaciof is a 2010 Italian drama film directed by Stefano Incerti. It premiered out of competition at the 67th Venice International Film Festival.

## Plot

Marino Pacileo is a solitary man living in the Vasto area of Naples, a multiethnic suburb close to the train station. He is nicknamed "Gorbaciof" as, like the Soviet leader, has a port-wine stain on his forehead. He is a cashier in the prison at Poggioreale, using his job as a means of funding his gambling addiction. He plays poker in a makeshift gambling house at the back of a Chinese restaurant, and here he meets Lila, daughter of the restaurant's owner. Gorbaciof is fascinated by Lila, whom he starts stalking; and Lila finds herself attracted to this strange man who rescued her from two violent teenagers. In spite of the language barrier (Lila doesn't speak Italian), they start seeing each other.
Gorbaciof gives the girl's father a large sum of money in order for him to pay off his debts, thus avoiding Lila becoming a prostitute. However, a bad hand at poker has Gorbaciof owing a large sum of money to a corrupt lawyer and he is forced to ask a prison guard for a loan. The guard asks Gorbaciof to provide him with several illegal services, in exchange for the money. Gorbaciof then plans to leave Naples with Lila, but needs to complete a dangerous assignment first: be a lookout during a risky robbery.
The robbery goes well and Gorbaciof manages to escape, along with two other accomplices, but they are soon followed by the gun-wielding cashier. While everyone in the car is rejoicing, tragedy happens: one of the accomplices' two gun accidentally fires a shot, which mortally wounds Gorbaciof. Here we are shown parallel scenes of Gorbaciof dying and Lila waiting for him at the airport. The movie ends with the last things Gorbaciof sees: Naples' buildings that fly past him, as the car speeds through traffic.

## Cast

* Toni Servillo: Gorbaciof
* Yang Mi: Lila
* Salvatore Ruocco : Guard
* Nello Mascia: Vanacore
* Geppy Gleijeses: the lawyer
# In the Hell of Patchinko

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
In the Hell of Patchinko is a live album by Mano Negra; it was recorded on 2 November 1991 in Club Citta, Kawasaki, Japan with mobile studio "Sound Creaters" and released on 9 November 1992.
This album is dedicated to Marc Police, ex-guitarist of Les Wampas, who committed suicide in December 1991.

## Personnel

* Manu Chao - Lead vocals, guitar
* Antoine Chao - Trumpet, vocals
* Santiago Casariego - Drums, vocals
* Philippe Teboul - Percussion, vocals
* Daniel Jamet - Lead Guitar, vocals
* Joseph Dahan - Bass, vocals
* Thomas Darnal - Keyboards, vocals
* Pierre Gauthé - Trombone, vocals

### Guest musicians

* Chinois: Vocals (at Track 23)

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| France (SNEP) | Gold | 100,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. |||
# French Tower

The French Tower is a tower at the top of Castle Street in Waterford, Munster, Ireland. It is one of the six surviving towers of the city walls of Waterford. The tower most likely dates from the 13th or 14th century. The origin of the name is uncertain, but it may well be connected with the large French community which lived in Waterford from the period following the Battle of the Boyne in 1690. Many of these people were of Huguenot origin, and their descendants still live in Waterford to this day. The tower is located at the point where the city wall makes a sharp turn, coming up from Manor Street, past Double Tower, and then continuing in a northerly direction to Newgate Street along Browns Lane.

## Layout

The horizontal cross section of the tower is kidney-shaped, which offers the maximum defensive view of the wall while occupying the smallest possible space inside the wall. The ground and first floors probably date from the reign of Henry III. The upper floors were probably added in the fifteenth century to accommodate small guns and cannons.
Other surviving Waterford city wall towers are the Watch Tower (Waterford), Double Tower, Reginald's Tower, Semi-Lunar Tower and Beach Tower.
# Bruce R. Kuniholm

Bruce R. Kuniholm is an American academic and the former dean of Duke University’s Sanford School of Public Policy. A Professor of Public Policy and History, his field of research expertise is concentrated primarily on U.S. Foreign Policy in the Near and Middle East.

## Inauguration

Kuniholm was inaugurated as the dean of the Sanford School of Public Policy in 2009, when the university’s Institute of Public Policy officially became a School. Kuniholm previously held the position of Director of the Terry Sanford Institute of Public Policy at Duke University from 1989 to 1994 and from 2005 to 2009; he also served as Vice Provost for Academic and International Affairs at Duke University from 1996 to 2001, along with serving as Director of the Center for International Studies at Duke.

## Before Duke

Before coming to Duke University, Kuniholm worked in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research and as a member of the Policy Planning staff at the U.S. Dept. of State. He is a veteran of the United States Armed Forces, having served as a Marine Rifle Platoon Commander in Vietnam.

## Other work

Kuniholm has lectured in 24 countries and been granted fellowships from the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Council on Foreign Relations, the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, the Norwegian Nobel Institute, and the Fulbright Foundation. He is author of the book The Origins of the Cold War in the Near East: Great Power Conflict and Diplomacy in Iran, Turkey, and Greece (Princeton University Press, 1980), which won the Stuart L. Bernath Prize of the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations. He has also written a number of scholarly articles focusing on International Relations.

## Degrees

Kuniholm’s academic degrees are as follows:
* History, PhD, Duke University, 1976
* Policy Sciences, M.A.P.P.S, Duke University, 1976
* History, M.A., Duke University, 1972
* English, A.B., Dartmouth College, 1964
* French, University of Dijon, France, 1962
# Lemmer (whaling)

A lemmer is the person who dismembers a whale separating the meat, flippers, and bones in the butchering process after it has been stripped of blubber by a flenser. The lemmer removes the meat from the bones so it can be boiled to remove the whale oil. The word lemmer is from the Norwegian language word lemme, meaning dismember. On boats, the lemmer men separated the meat from the bones on the lemmer deck where the carcass was pulled.
# Justin King (guitarist)

Justin King (born June 13, 1979) is an American musician and artist, from Eugene, Oregon. King runs a recording studio in Brooklyn, New York called Vinegar Hill Sound, as well as doing part-time war photojournalism, in places like Iraq and Afghanistan.

## Background and current activities

King attended Marist High School, before attending South Eugene High School. He dropped out of high school as a sophomore and entered the San Francisco Art Institute to study painting. He began playing drums and guitar around age 14 and wrote and performed songs with his current bassist, Drew Dresman. King began to focus on acoustic guitar at age 19, and in 1999 he released his self-titled album, followed by Opening in 2000. In 2001, King recorded "Le Bleu".
King returned to the US and began construction on his own studio "Blackberry Hill". The studio took about two years to complete during which time King toured the country as a solo guitarist opening for James Taylor, B. B. King, Diana Krall, North Mississippi All-Stars, Al Green and others. Just after building Blackberry Hill King recorded another instrumental record, "I-XII". Shortly after that King started a band with James West (later replaced by Nadir Jeevanjee), Troy Sicotte (later replaced by Drew Dresman), and Ehren Ebbage (later replaced by Chris Plank). The band toured the country for about one year before being signed to a major label record deal with Epic Records in 2006.
The band recorded the self-titled "Justin King and the Apologies" record at King's Blackberry Hill studio as well as studios in Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco. The band broke up around the end of 2007.

## Le Bleu and various side projects

In 2001, King released Le Bleu. He assembled a new band with longtime friends Ehren Ebbage (lead guitar) and Drew Desman (bass). In 2005, drummer James West and was replaced by Nadir Jeevanjee.
On March 20, 2007, King and his band, after a long struggle, ended their contract with Sony BMG/Epic Records. The band released a five-song EP, Fall/Rise, in spring 2007 before resuming touring, which included several performances in South Korea. The band's debut album, Justin King and The Apologies, was released on September 28, 2007.
His Myspace page announced the title of the new album as Humilitas Occidit Superbiam, and it was subsequently released digitally in November 2009.

## Discography
### Solo albums

* Justin King (1999) (out of print)
* Opening (2000) (out of print)
* Le Bleu (2001)
* Humilitas Occidit Superbiam (2009)

### Justin King and The Apologies

* Justin King and The Apologies (2007)
* Pilot (2003) (EP)
* Bright and Dirty Lights (2005) (EP)
* Bright and Dirty Lights Taster Disc (2005)
* C-Sides (2006) (EP)
* Fall/Rise (2007) (EP)

### Justin King and The Raging Family

* Re Bleu: The Raging Family Le Bleu Remix (2008)

### King West Manring Vamos

* I-XII (2008)