OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bessie Jones (American singer)

Mary Elizabeth Jones (February 8, 1902 – July 17, 1984) was an American gospel and folk singer credited with helping to bring folk songs, games and stories to wider audiences in the 20th century. Alan Lomax, who first encountered Jones on a field recording trip in 1959, said, "She was on fire to teach America. In my heart, I call her the Mother Courage of American Black traditions."

## Life

Jones grew up in an impoverished but musical family in the small black farming community of Dawson, Georgia. Her grandfather, a former slave born in Africa, taught her many songs he would sing in the fields. Jones only attended school until age 10, and she had her first child and marriage at just 12 years old. Her first husband, Cassius, died a few years later. In 1924, Jones left her 10-year-old daughter with relatives and traveled to Florida, where she worked odd jobs, played cards and sold moonshine. She eventually settled down with her second husband on St. Simons Island, where she joined the Georgia Sea Island Singers.
Jones felt a need to preserve African-American history through song and dance, and in 1961 she traveled to New York City so Lomax could record her biography and body of music. The recordings are preserved in the Alan Lomax archive. She and the Georgia Sea Island Singers toured extensively in the 1960s, singing in Carnegie Hall, Central Park, the Smithsonian Institution's folklife festivals, the Newport Folk Festival and the Monterey Folk Festival May 18-19, 1963. She was awarded many of folk music's premiere honors, including a 1982 National Endowment for the Arts National Heritage Fellowship and the Duke Ellington Fellowship at Yale University.
Jones told an interviewer in Alachua, Florida in the early 1980s, that she was born in Lacrosse, Florida (Alachua County), when that area was a tung oil production area, but this claim is dismissed by researchers Bob Eagle and Eric LeBlanc. Jones also said she had not been to a doctor since 1925 and that she wore many copper bracelets which protected her from disease. She died from leukemia in 1984.
Jones' 1960 song "Sometimes" was sampled in American electronica musician Moby's 1998 single "Honey", and a cover version by Larkin Poe is the opening track on their 2018 album Venom & Faith. Her 1977 song "Beggin' the Blues" was sampled by Norman Cook for Beats International's 1990 single "Burundi Blues".

## Partial discography

* Get in Union (Tompkins Square) 2015
* Join the Band: The Georgia Sea Island Singers (Global Jukebox) 2012
* Southern Journey Recordings, V. 12, Georgia Sea Islands: Songs and Spirituals (Rounder 1712)
* Southern Journey Recordings, V. 13, Earliest Times: Georgia Sea Island: Songs for Everyday Living (Rounder 1713).
* Put Your Hand On Your Hip, and Let Your Backbone Slip: Songs and Games from the Georgia Sea Islands (Rounder 11587) 2001
* Step It Down (Rounder) 1979
* So Glad I'm Here (Rounder 2015) 1974
# Karacalar, Üzümlü

Karacalar is a village in the Üzümlü District, Erzincan Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Balaban tribe and had a population of 52 in 2021.
The hamlet of Heybeli is attached to the village.
# Alfred C. Nelson

Alfred Clarence "Pete" Nelson (November 14, 1898 – 1980) was an American chemist and academic who taught at the University of Denver and also served as an interim chancellor.

## Early life

Nelson was born in Salt Lake City, Utah on November 14, 1898. At the age of two, his family moved to Denver, Colorado. Nelson graduated from Denver's South High School in 1916. He received the nickname "Pete" while playing football in high school, after a University of Colorado football player named Pete Nelson.
Nelson earned both his bachelor's and master's degrees at the University of Denver. He was a member of the first pledge class of the Alpha Pi chapter of Lambda Chi Alpha. He was also a member of Phi Beta Kappa.
After two years of graduate study at the University of Illinois, he returned to the University of Denver as an associate professor of chemistry. In 1926, Nelson earned his Doctorate of Philosophy from the University of Illinois.

## Career

Throughout his career at the University of Denver, Nelson held many positions. He began his career as an assistant professor in 1923 and served as interim chancellor in 1948. A writer for The Denver Post dubbed him as "The Affable 'Mr. Chips' of Denver University".
Nelson was a fellow of the American Institute of Chemists and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was a member of the American Chemical Society; the Colorado Schoolmasters Club, Phi Delta Kappa; Kappa Delta Pi; Alpha Chi Sigma, and Phi Lambda Upsilon.

## Awards

Nelson received numerous awards throughout his career, including the Kappa Delta Pi fraternity Honor Award for Service in Education (1963), the University of Denver College of Engineering Distinguished Faculty Award (1963), and the Evans Award from the University of Denver Alumni Association (1971). The University of Denver gave him an honorary LLD degree in 1964.

## Personal life

He died in 1980 at the age of 81.
# Edward Chapman (British Army officer)

General Sir Edward Francis Chapman KCB FRGS (14 November 1840 – 12 May 1926) was a senior British Army officer who commanded the Army in Scotland and was the ceremonial head of the Royal Regiment of Artillery.

## Military career

He was commissioned into the Bengal Artillery in 1858, which was later amalgamated into the Royal Artillery. He quickly caught the attention of Sir Frederick Roberts who predicted that Chapman would "make his mark". He was duly selected to fight in the British Expedition to Abyssinia between 1867 and 1868 as the commander of No. 5 Battery, 21st Brigade. He was present at the action of Arogee and at the fall of Magdala, working as aide-de-camp to Brigadier-General Petrie and being mentioned in dispatches for his services. Chapman was part of a mission to Yarkand in China in 1874. He served in the Second Anglo-Afghan War from 1878 to 1880, and was Sir Frederick Roberts' Chief of Staff during the march from Kabul to Kandahar.
He was appointed Military Secretary to the Commander-in-Chief, India in 1881 and went on the Burma expedition in 1885. He was Quartermaster-General for India from 1885 to 1889, and introduced a system of organised native brothels for British other ranks in the hope of reducing the incidence of venereal diseases. He became the second Director of Military Intelligence at the War Office in 1891. He was aide-de-camp to Queen Victoria in 1891. As an active member of the Royal Geographical Society, he presented several lectures and wrote numerous papers on the effects of physical geography on the tactics and success of military operations. Additionally, he wrote several books about military geography and the history of the British Indian Army. He was promoted to major-general in 1889, lieutenant-general in 1892, and general in March 1896. Chapman was made Commander Scottish District in 1896, a post he held until 1901. He was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in 1905 and retired in 1906. He was Master Gunner, St James's Park, the ceremonial commander of the Royal Artillery, between 1919 and 1926.

## Personal life

On 3 December 1886 he married Georgiana Bayley, daughter of Edward Clive Bayley.
He lived at Limpsfield in Surrey. He was an Esquire of the Venerable Order of Saint John and a member of the Athenaeum Club, London.
The Anglican priest and London County Council member the Rev Hugh Boswell Chapman was a younger brother.
# Jennings, Garrett County, Maryland

Jennings is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in Garrett County, Maryland, United States. At the 2010 census, the population was 113.
The community is in northern Garrett County on Maryland Route 495, 4 miles (6 km) south of Grantsville and 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Oakland, the county seat. Jennings is in the valley of the South Branch of the Casselman River, 3 miles (5 km) west of the Eastern Continental Divide. Water runoff from Jennings flows through the Casselman River north then west to the Youghiogheny River, then to the Monongahela, Ohio, and Mississippi rivers, before flowing to the Gulf of Mexico.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Jennings CDP has an area of 0.34 square miles (0.87 km$^2$), all land.

## History

The founding of Jennings began in 1899 when prosperous entrepreneurs, brothers Cortez H. Jennings and B. Worth Jennings from Towanda, Pennsylvania, launched their project to harvest the old growth forest between Grantsville and Bittinger in Garrett County, Maryland. The brothers purchased a few dozen parcels of land. They referred to these lands collectively as Maynadier Lands and Cunningham Lands, which altogether encompassed 10 square miles (26 square km).
Harvesting the timber necessitated that the Jennings brothers create infrastructure. They built a railroad with multiple spurs throughout their land, a sawmill, a hotel, a general store, and provided land for two schools and a church. They hired local men for labor, and they arranged for Hungarian immigrants experienced in the timber trades to relocate to Jennings. They named their new town Jennings.
In addition to their project in Maryland, the brothers launched a similar enterprise in Tucker County, West Virginia, which created the town of Jenningston. In 1906, B. Worth Jennings, age 44, died from a gunshot wound sustained at Jenningston.
As the timber was harvested in Maryland, Cortez Jennings sold numerous parcels of land to local folks, many of whom proceeded to farm the land and raise a family.
In 1920, Cortez Jennings drove from his home in Towanda, Pennsylvania, to Jennings where he became incapacitated by a stroke. He was taken back to Towanda where he died. In 1925, the heirs of the Jennings brothers sold the residue of their numerous enterprises and lands in and around Jennings to William A. Morgart.
Morgart opened a series of coal mines along the eastern bank of the South Branch Casselman River. He used his railroad to haul the coal. William and his wife Rosalie lived in the largest house in Jennings, and they shared it with their son Louis A. Morgart and his wife Lillian.
William Morgart died in 1944. Responsibility for the management of his businesses and real estate passed to Louis. Louis died in 1951. The last of the coal mines closed a few years later.
# Kpanda Chiefdom

Kpanda Chiefdom is a chiefdom in Bonthe District of Sierra Leone. Its capital is Kemo Motuo.
# Boltonia asteroides

Boltonia asteroides, the white doll's daisy, false chamomile, or false aster, is a species of plant native to the United States and Canada. It is found primarily in the Mississippi Valley and Great Plains from Saskatchewan south to Texas and Florida, with isolated populations in the eastern United States. Reports of the species in New England, New York, and the Pacific Northwest appear to be introductions.
Boltonia asteroides is a robust, 16″ to 78″ tall (40.6cm to 198.1cm), perennial. It spreads by stolons (horizontal stems running along the surface of the ground). It has many daisy-like flower heads with white or lavender ray florets and yellow disc florets.
The species is sometimes cultivated as an ornamental plant because of its attractive flowers.

## Varieties

* Boltonia asteroides var. asteroides - coastal regions
* Boltonia asteroides var. latisquama (A.Gray) Cronquist - Great Plains, Mississippi Valley
* Boltonia asteroides var. recognita (Fernald & Griscom) Cronquist - Great Plains, Mississippi Valley, Ohio Valley, Canadian Prairie Provinces; introduced in New England + Pacific Northwest
# General Union of Djibouti Workers

The General Union of Djibouti Workers (UGTD) is a trade union centre in Djibouti. It was the official union arm of the government until 1995, when protests and conflicts separated the two. The UGTD now works closely with the UDT.
# Between Heaven and Earth

Between Heaven and Earth may refer to:
* Between Heaven and Earth (1934 film), a German historical drama film
* Between Heaven and Earth (1942 film), a German historical drama film
* Between Heaven and Earth (1957 film), an East German film
* Between Heaven and Earth (1960 film), an Egyptian comedy film
* Between Heaven and Earth (1992 film), a film directed by Marion Hänsel
* Between Heaven and Earth (album), a 2003 album by Conrad Bauer, Peter Kowald, and Günter Sommer
# Holle (disambiguation)

Holle may refer to:
* Holle, village in Germany
* "Mother Holle", Frau Holle (literally Mrs. Holle), a German fairy tale
* Holle (surname)
# Algazel

Algazel may refer to:
* Al-Ghazali, a Persian 11th century philosopher
* Scimitar Oryx, a north African antelope
# Ji Li

Ji Li may refer to:
* Ji Li (ceremony), the Confucian coming of age ceremony for women
* King Ji of Zhou, also known as Ji Li
* Guan Li, the Confucian coming of age ceremony for men
# Kramer Hills, California

Kramer Hills is an unincorporated community in San Bernardino County, California, United States. Kramer Hills is 6.4 miles (10.3 km) southeast of Kramer Junction and 26 miles (42 km) west of Barstow.
The small mining camp of Kramer Hill was founded around 1885 after a nearby copper discovery, but was short-lived. Later discoveries of gold and copper revived interest, but the only substantial development was at the Herkelrath gold mine around 1926. Actual production (if any) is unknown, but many claims were staked and much prospecting done.
Nearby is the World War II Hawes Auxiliary Airfield.
# Boltonia diffusa

Boltonia diffusa, the smallhead doll's daisy, is a North American species of plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the United States, primarily the states along the Gulf of Mexico from Texas to Florida plus the lower Mississippi Valley from Louisiana to Illinois. There additional populations in the eastern United States as far north as Virginia.
Boltonia diffusa is a small perennial rarely more than 20 cm (8 inches) high. It spreads by stolons (horizontal stems running along the surface of the ground). It has many daisy-like flower heads with white or lavender ray florets and yellow disc florets.

## Varieties

* Boltonia diffusa var. diffusa - coastal regions and Mississippi Valley
* Boltonia diffusa var. interior Fernald & Griscom - Mississippi Valley
# Geoff Townsend

Geoff Townsend (born 1964) is an Australian professional rugby union football coach. He is currently head coach of Sydney club Gordon RFC, and he was appointed as head coach of the North Harbour Rays for the inaugural season of Australia's National Rugby Championship in 2014.
Townsend began his professional rugby coaching career in 1997 with three undefeated seasons as co-head coach of the New South Wales Under 19 team. He was the co-head coach of the Manly first grade team in the Shute Shield in 1999 and 2000. Townsend spent several seasons in Japan – as a coaching consultant to Top League team Kobelco Steelers in 2001, and as coach and technical advisor to Tokyo University from 2002 to 2004.
Returning home to Australia, he was head coach of the Southern Districts first grade team in the Shute Shield from 2004 to 2006. He joined the Western Force as head coach of the club's academy in 2007, and was assistant coach to the Force's Super Rugby team under head coach John Mitchell in 2009 and 2010. Following a stint as coaching consultant to Sydney University, he joined Gordon in 2014 on a three-year deal as head coach of their Shute Shield team. After the launch of the National Rugby Championship, he was appointed as head coach of the North Harbour Rays team to play in the new competition.
# Holiday Rapid View Yamanashi

The Holiday Rapid View Yamanashi (ホリデー快速ビューやまなし) is a Holiday Rapid service train operated by East Japan Railway Company from Shinjuku to Kobuchizawa on the Chūō Main Line.

## Service pattern

* 1 round trip is operated every weekend from March to November.
* Services are not operated from December to February, to prevent train failures due to the winter season, as the rolling stock, the 215 series, is not designed to withstand low temperatures and snow.

## Stations served

* Shinjuku - Mitaka - Tachikawa - Hachiōji - Takao - Sagamiko - Ōtsuki - Katsunuma-Budōkyō - Enzan - Yamanashi-shi - Isawa-Onsen - Kōfu - Nirasaki - Kobuchizawa
** The train skips Nakano and Kokubunji, where the Holiday Rapid Okutama & Akigawa would stop.
** There are days when the train makes additional stops at Uenohara, Kai-Yamato, Shiozaki, Anayama, etc.
** Westbound trains to Kobuchizawa makes two brief stops (no boarding or alighting) at Torisawa and Hinoharu, to let limited express trains overtake the train.
** Eastbound trains to Shinjuku makes a brief stop (no boarding or alighting) at Kai-Yamato, to let a limited express train to overtake the train.
** Extended services to Chiba makes additional stops after Shinjuku, which are Kinshichō - Ichikawa - Funabashi - Tsudanuma - Chiba

## Ticketing

There are 3 types of seating for this train, namely Non-reserved seating (自由席), Reserved seating (指定席) and Green Seating (グリーン席), which require different tickets.
For non-reserved seating, only a Basic Fare Ticket (乗車券) is required. This is different from non-reserved seating on Limited Expresses, as this train is only a Rapid service, which makes the purchase of a Non-reserved Limited Express Ticket (自由席特急券) unnecessary.
For reserved seating, a Seat Reservation Ticket (座席指定券) costing 520 yen is required, along with the Basic Fare Ticket.
For Green seating, a Green Car Ticket (グリーン券) is required, with pricing depending on distance, along with the Basic Fare Ticket.

## Rolling stock

* 215 series 10-car sets (based at Kōzu Depot)
| Car No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Accommodation | Non-reserved | Non-reserved | Non-reserved | Green | Green | Reserved | Reserved | Non-reserved | Non-reserved | Non-reserved |
| Numbering | KuMoHa 215 | MoHa 214 | SaHa 215-200 | SaRo 214 | SaRo 215 | SaHa 214 | SaHa 214 | SaHa 215-100 | MoHa 214-100 | KuMoHa 215-100 |
* Car 1 is at the Kobuchizawa end, and Car 10 is at the Shinjuku end. This is the opposite to other trains on the Chūō Main Line.

## History

* 1993: Services between Tokyo and Kobuchizawa began.
* 2002: With the introduction of 215 series to the Shonan-Shinjuku Line, the eastern terminus is changed from Tokyo to Shinjuku.
* 2007: Extended services to Chiba on particular days began operation.
# Karadayı, Çankırı

Karadayı is a village in the Çankırı District of Çankırı Province in Turkey. Its population is 528 (2021).
# Alicia Castro

Alicia Amalia Castro (born 27 July 1949) is an Argentine diplomat who served as Argentina's ambassador to the United Kingdom between 2012 and 2016.

## Career

Castro entered politics through the trade union movement, having previously worked as a flight attendant for Aerolíneas Argentinas. She was elected to the Argentine Chamber of Deputies in 1997 as a deputy for Buenos Aires Province, and she was subsequently re-elected in 2001.
President Néstor Kirchner appointed Castro as ambassador to Venezuela in July 2006. Amid rising tensions due to the Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute, Castro was appointed ambassador to the United Kingdom on 26 January 2012–the position having been left vacant since the retirement of Federico Mirré in 2008 as a symbol of Argentina's disappointment with the British Government's handling of the sovereignty dispute.
The Falklands dispute dominated Castro's tenure as ambassador to the United Kingdom. On 30 April 2012 she publicly confronted Foreign Secretary William Hague on the matter at the launch of the Foreign Office's annual human rights report. Following the death of Margaret Thatcher, who had been Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during the Falklands War, Castro was invited to attend the funeral on 17 April 2013 but declined the offer. On 21 August 2013, Castro criticised the British Prime Minister David Cameron in a hearing before the Argentine Senate, suggesting that he was "dumb" for issuing a statement on comments made by Pope Francis when he was Archbishop of Buenos Aires and "foolish" in his attitude to the Falklands dispute. Castro later clarified that her comments had been taken out of context.
# Alimi

Alimi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Armend Alimi (born 1987), Macedonian footballer
* Bisi Alimi (born 1975), Nigerian activist
* Isnik Alimi (born 1994), Albanian footballer
* Jamiu Alimi (born 1992), Nigerian footballer
* Sikuru Alimi (born 1942), Nigerian boxer
# Metrolina Speedway

Metrolina Speedway was an auto racing track located in northeast Charlotte, North Carolina on the Metrolina Fairgrounds.

## History

The track, also known as Charlotte Fairgrounds Speedway', was 1/2 mile (.804 km) in length and had a clay surface. It was paved for a short time in the 1970s to allow the NASCAR circuit to hold races there. Many racers have raced at Metrolina Speedway, including Dale Earnhardt Sr., Brad Teague, and Harry Gant. It is one of many racetracks in the Metrolina region of North Carolina and South Carolina.
In 2009, plans were announced to reopen the track as the Metrolina Speed and Sport Center. The track was to be repaved and the plans included a Go-Kart track, outdoor RC racing track, a hotel, and roof-top skate park but the proposal failed to move forward.
The track was the subject of the first episode of Lost Speedways on Peacock hosted by Dale Earnhardt Jr.
A FedEx logistics center now sits next to the site.
# Koralai Pattu South Divisional Secretariat

Koralai Pattu South Divisional Secretariat is a Divisional Secretariat of Batticaloa District, of Eastern Province, Sri Lanka.
# Boldero

Boldero may refer to
* Boldero Bank
* Edmund Boldero (1608–79), English Royalist clergyman
* Henry George Boldero (1794–1873), British army officer and Member of Parliament
* Luigi Gorgio Boldero (Baldero) (19th century), Italian painter
* Ancient English spelling of Bolderāja, Latvia
# Bicellonycha wickershamorum

Bicellonycha wickershamorum is a species of firefly in the beetle family Lampyridae. It is found in North America.

## Subspecies

These two subspecies belong to the species Bicellonycha wickershamorum:
* Bicellonycha wickershamorum piceum Cicero, 1982
* Bicellonycha wickershamorum wickershamorum Cicero, 1982