OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arolla

Arolla is a village in the municipality of Evolène in the Swiss canton of Valais. It is situated at the end of the Val d'Hérens, south of the cantonal capital, Sion.

## Geography

Arolla is situated at 1998 m above sea level, at the foot of Mont Collon in the Pennine Alps. The village is also overlooked by the 3796-metre Pigne d'Arolla, which can be climbed from the Cabane des Vignettes or Dix Hut. The Arolla Glacier is located south of Arolla, between Mont Collon and the Pigne d'Arolla.
Pra Gra is an abandoned hamlet above Arolla at 2479 m, which can be reached on foot in approximately 90 minutes. The views of Mont Collon and the glacial trench at the end of the valley are particularly notable from this location.

### Tourism

Arolla's location makes it a popular starting point for mountain expeditions. Routes such as the Patrouillle des Glaciers and the Haute Route, a classic high-altitude mountain trek between Chamonix and Zermatt, pass through the village as well. There are over 100 kilometres of mountain biking paths in the area.
Arolla's ski area lies above the village on the western side of the valley, with five lifts and 47 kilometres of pistes. Its high altitude guarantees snow well into the spring.
Hotels in Arolla include Hotel Kurhaus, situated at the top of the series of hairpin bends that rise through the village. The historic Hôtel Mont Collon, located near the entrance to the village, is closed since December 2014. There is a post office, mountain sports equipment shop, hotel, and bus stop in the small village centre.

### Flora and fauna

The Arolla pine or Swiss pine, a high-altitude species in the white pine group, is named after the village and grows in the Alps and the Carpathians.
46°01′N 7°29′E﻿ / ﻿46.017°N 7.483°E﻿ / 46.017; 7.483
# Lichenaula ignota

Lichenaula ignota is a moth in the family Xyloryctidae. It was described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1898. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria.
The wingspan is 15–18 mm. The forewings are whitish-grey irrorated with black scales and there is a black dot in the disc at two-thirds. There is an obscure, outwardly oblique, short, black marking from the middle of the inner-margin and beyond this is a small whitish-grey patch. A blackish suffusion is found at the anal angle. The hindwings are pale-grey.
# International Secretariat for Volunteer Service

The International Secretariat for Volunteer Service (ISVS; formerly the International Peace Corps Secretariat), was created by the United States to encourage and assist other countries interested in replicating the Peace Corps idea for their own country.

## History

In October 1962, the United States hosted forty-three nations at a conference on volunteer service (the International Conference on Middle Level Manpower) chaired by Vice-President Lyndon Johnson in Puerto Rico. At the conference, the Secretariat was called for and forty-one of the forty-three countries at the conference joined. It commenced operations soon thereafter in January 1963. On May 9, 1963, the Directors and Chief Administrators of the International Peace Corps Secretariat met in the White House Cabinet Room and President John F. Kennedy shared his hope that the exchange of ideas between the members of different countries will strengthen the Peace Corps and stimulate humanitarian work in developing nations. Eventually eighteen countries had volunteers serving abroad.
When more countries began to fund the work of the Secretariat in 1964, it was renamed the International Secretariat for Volunteer Service (ISVS) with a focus on promoting volunteer services for development around the world. William A. Delano served as the first Secretary General of ISVS.

## Leadership

From 1962 to 1964, Richard N. Goodwin served as the Director of the Secretariat.
# Iota Normae

The Bayer designation ι Normae, which is Latinized as Iota Normae and abbreviated ι Nor, is shared by two stars in the southern constellation of Norma:
* ι$^1$ Normae
* ι$^2$ Normae
The pair form a double star that can be viewed with a small telescope.
# Cash return on capital invested

Cash return on capital invested (CROCI) is an advanced measure of corporate profitability, originally developed by Deutsche Bank's equity research department in 1996 (it now sits within DWS Group). This measure compares a post-tax, pre-interest cash flow to the gross level of capital invested and is a useful measure of a company’s ability to generate cash returns on its investments.
In principle, this ratio is similar to the ROE ratio, but CROCI is calculated on a cash basis and on an EV-basis, taking into account assets funded by all the company's security-holders.

## Formula

CROCI is calculated as the internal rate of return in a particular year of a company's gross post-tax cash flows after investing the gross capital invested over the total asset life of the firm. In principle, this should be equivalent to the ratio of the free cash flow of that year to the net capital invested, provided depreciation is calculated economically and the only capex is for maintenance.

## Uses

* The (CROCI – WACC) spread is a key measure of shareholder value creation and competitive advantage. If the spread is positive, a company creates value and destroys it otherwise.
* The CROCI/WACC ratio is basically the same metric signaling value creation or destruction. If the ratio is higher than 1, a company creates value, and it destroys value if the ratio is below 1.
* CROCI can be compared to a company's economic price to book (broadly equivalent to a company's Tobin's Q) to calculate an Economic P/E.
# Athmani

Athmani is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Boubeker Athmani (born 1981), Algerian footballer
* Skander Djamil Athmani (born 1992), Algerian athlete
* Walid Athmani (born 1992), Algerian footballer
# Leucocnemis

Leucocnemis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1908.

## Species

* Leucocnemis nivalis (J. B. Smith, 1894)
* Leucocnemis obscurella Barnes & McDunnough, 1916
* Leucocnemis perfundis (J. B. Smith, 1894)
* Leucocnemis variabilis Barnes & McDunnough, 1918
# GABA receptor antagonist

GABA receptor antagonists are drugs that inhibit the action of GABA. In general these drugs produce stimulant and convulsant effects, and are mainly used for counteracting overdoses of sedative drugs.
Examples include bicuculline, securinine and metrazol, and the benzodiazepine GABA$_A$ receptor antagonist flumazenil.
Other agents which may have GABA$_A$ receptor antagonism include the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, tranexamic acid, thujone, ginkgo biloba, and kudzu.
# Lestidium prolixum

Lestidium prolixum, the Japanese naked barracudina, is a species of fish. It is found in the waters of Japan and China. This species reaches a length of 27 cm (11 in).
# Jan Cato Nabseth

Jan Cato Nabseth is a Norwegian handball player.
He made his debut on the Norwegian national team in 1969, and played 13 matches for the national team between 1969 and 1971. He participated at the 1970 World Men's Handball Championship.
# Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 10 (1948)

Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 10 (1948) is the tenth volume of Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories, which is a series of short story collections, edited by Isaac Asimov and Martin H. Greenberg, which attempts to list the great science fiction stories from the Golden Age of Science Fiction. They date the Golden Age as beginning in 1939 and lasting until 1963. The book was later reprinted as the second half of Isaac Asimov Presents The Golden Years of Science Fiction, Fifth Series with the first half being Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 9 (1947). This volume was originally published by DAW books in August 1983.

## Contents

* "Don't Look Now" by Henry Kuttner
* "He Walked Around the Horses" by H. Beam Piper
* "The Strange Case of John Kingman" by Murray Leinster
* "That Only a Mother" by Judith Merril
* "The Monster" by A. E. van Vogt
* "Dreams Are Sacred" by Peter Phillips
* "Mars is Heaven!" by Ray Bradbury
* "Thang" by Martin Gardner
* "Brooklyn Project" by William Tenn
* "Ring Around the Redhead" by John D. MacDonald
* "Period Piece" by J. J. Coupling
* "Dormant" by A. E. van Vogt
* "In Hiding" by Wilmar H. Shiras
* "Knock" by Fredric Brown
* "A Child is Crying" by John D. MacDonald
* "Late Night Final" by Eric Frank Russell
# Cash value added

Cash value added (CVA) is a measure of business profitability defined as the EBITDA generated by the business, less tax, less its required return. The required return is an annuity based on the purchase price of the assets in use in the business, inflated to today's value of money, the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) and the economic life of the assets. CVA can also be expressed as an index, where the CVA is divided by the required return. An index of more than 1.0 will indicate profitability while an index below 1.0 will indicate value destruction.
# Leisure Seizure

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
| Pitchfork Media | (6.2/10) link |
| Slant Magazine | link |
Leisure Seizure is the second studio album by rock artist Tom Vek. It was released in 2011 on Island Records. The first single "A Chore" was released on 18 April 2011.
# Ida Engberg

Ida Engberg (Swedish pronunciation:; born 1 July 1984) is a Swedish techno DJ and record producer.
Ida began her career when she was 13 spinning vinyl at the youth center after school. It was for long only an hobby but after filling in for another DJ at the age of 18 she got a regular night at a club. Later she went to work at the Spy Bar, one of the most famous clubs in Stockholm. In 2006 Ida relocated to Ibiza for the season and expanded DJing into learning how to produce. Back in Stockholm she was offered a residency at the infamous Cocktail club.
The first single she released was 'Disco Volante that came with a by now legendary remix of Sebastian Leger. It blew up in Belgium, Germany and Holland and like rings on the water an international career as a DJ had firmly grown its roots.
The song was a hit in the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany in the summer of 2007. In 2008, Sébastien Léger remixed the song. This single was released in the spring of 2008. She has played at various large electronic music festivals.
Engberg was married to fellow Swedish DJ Adam Beyer. In 2011, their first child was born, and in 2014 their third child was born. In 2023, she announced on Instagram that they had divorced “two years ago”. Engberg is vegan.
# Lexington, Indiana

Lexington is an unincorporated community in Lexington Township, Scott County, in the U.S. state of Indiana, located about 10 miles west of the Ohio River and 28 miles north of Louisville, Kentucky. The town itself was founded before Indiana became the 19th state in 1816 and was located in Jefferson County at the time it was platted. It was the original county seat from 1820 to 1874, before local leaders decided on a more central location at nearby Scottsburg, which created animosity between the residents of the two towns for several decades afterwards.

## History

Lexington was originally settled in 1804 and platted in 1810. It was one of eight towns that were considered for the first state capital of Indiana, with Corydon gaining the honor. It was originally in Jefferson County until 1820, when Scott County was created from parts of Jennings, Jefferson, Clark, Washington and Jackson counties. This area of the state was largely settled by people from the Upper South, traveling by the Ohio River. Since there were no other towns in the county, Lexington was selected as the county seat. After later settlement in northern parts of the county, there were several unsuccessful attempts to relocate the county seat to a more central location. This did not take place until 1874 when residents voted to relocate the county seat to Scottsburg, then spelled "Scottsburgh". Records were removed from the courthouse and transferred at night to avoid a civil war between residents. The relocation of the county seat to Scottsburg created animosity between the two towns for several decades.
The Lexington post office has been in operation since 1820.
During the Civil War, Morgan's Raiders passed through Lexington on July 10–11, 1863, meeting little resistance upon entering the town.
The Reno Gang, who committed the first and second train robberies in the United States were held at the Scott County Jail in Lexington in 1868 for the robbery on May 22 at Marshfield, now a defunct community north of Scottsburg. After they were moved to the Floyd County Jail in New Albany, a mob broke into the jail and lynched them in the stairwell on December 11, 1868.

## Notable person

* William Hayden English, Democratic vice-presidential candidate in 1880
# GABA aminotransferase

GABA aminotransferase may refer to:
* 4-aminobutyrate—pyruvate transaminase, an enzyme
* 4-aminobutyrate transaminase, an enzyme
# Interleukin-15 receptor

Interleukin-15 receptor is a type I cytokine receptor, binding interleukin-15.

## Structure

The IL-15 receptor is composed of the IL-2Rβ and γc subunits, along with a unique ligand-specific subunit, IL-15Rα, which bears homology to IL-2Rα. These receptor proteins feature protein-binding motifs known as "sushi domains." In both humans and mice, these receptors and their corresponding ligands are physically linked in the genome. Due to their shared receptor usage, IL-2 and IL-15 exhibit many similarities in their effects on lymphoid cells.
Although the receptors for IL-2 and IL-15 share many structural analogies, two significant differences persist: Firstly, IL-15Rα has a broader expression compared to IL-2Rα, IL-2Rβ, and γc. It is found on lymphoid cells, dendritic cells (DCs), fibroblasts, epithelial cells, liver cells, intestinal cells and other cells and is thought to present IL-15 in trans to cells expressing IL-15β and γ chains. Secondly, IL-15Rα exhibits a remarkably high affinity for binding to IL-15, over 1000 times greater than the affinity of IL-2Rα binding to IL-2.

## Signaling

IL-15-mediated signaling in T lymphocytes leads to the activation of Janus kinase (JAK). JAKs play crucial signaling roles for several members of the cytokine receptor superfamily by activating signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins. In lymphocytes, binding of IL-15 to the IL-2/15Rβγ heterodimer induces JAK1 activation that subsequently phosphorylates STAT3 via the β chain and JAK3/STAT5 activation via its γ chain. Once tyrosine-phosphorylated, STAT transcription factors form homo- and/or heterodimers and migrate to the nucleus. There, they bind to target DNA regulatory elements and contribute to the activation of gene expression.
IL-15 also trigger other signaling pathways, including the phosphorylation of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases from the Src family such as Lck, Fyn, and Lyn, along with Syk kinase. They also activate phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3-kinase) and Akt, leading to the induction of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Additionally, they stimulate the Ras/Raf/MEK/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.

## Function

The signaling pathway of the IL-15/IL-15R system is now understood to affect not only T-cell functions but also various other cell populations. Several recent reviews have extensively explored the functional significance of IL-15/IL-15R biology in T lymphocyte development and homeostasis, as well as in the development, maintenance, expansion, and activities of memory CD8+ T cells and NK cells.
One of the most defining functional differences between IL-2 and IL-15 is that IL-15 is increasingly acknowledged as a significant modulator of various non-immune cell types, whereas the functions of IL-2 are predominantly restricted to T cells.
# Jan Caubergh

Jan Caubergh (18 September 1934 – 29 November 2013) was a Belgian serial killer. In 1966, he received 25 years of forced labour for his participation in a robbery in which his gang shot a nurse who was severely maimed and later committed suicide. In 1977 he was released on parole.
On 21 February 1979, he raped his pregnant neighbour, 19-year-old Yvonne Smits, shooting her in the back of the head afterwards. Later he strangled his girlfriend, 24-year-old Rina Van Geldorp and their five-month-old son Nicky. He also wounded a policeman with a Long Rifle, later rigging up his police car in an attempt to injure another two policemen. After a manhunt lasting several days in which he hid on barges on the Albert Canal and a bottle stopper factory in Deurne, he was arrested in a hotel in Athenembuurt, Antwerp. He was given the death sentence, but it was later converted to a life imprisonment.
In 2003 Caubergh stabbed a prison guide with a cake knife during a trip out of the central prison in Leuven. The supervisor survived the attack. In September 2010, Caubergh received another 12 years in prison. He spent more than 45 years of his life in prison, the last 34 and a half of which were uninterrupted. That made him one of the longest-serving detainees in the country.
On 5 November 2013 several reports from the Belgian media announced that Caubergh had died in the penitentiary complex in Bruges. This was denied a few days later by the Belgian Prison System. He eventually died on 29 November 2013. At that time he was the oldest detainee in Belgium.
# Irish Exchequer

Irish Exchequer may refer to:
* Exchequer of Ireland, 1210–1817
* Court of Exchequer (Ireland), c.1300–1877
** Exchequer Division of the High Court of Justice in Ireland, 1877 to 1897
* Central Fund (Ireland), since 1922
# List of ambassadors of Israel to South Africa
## List of Ambassadors

* Eliav Belotsercovsky 2022 - 2023
* Lior Keinan 2017 - 2018
* Arthur Lenk 2013 - 2017
* Dov Segev-Steinberg 2008 - 2013
* Ilan Baruch (diplomat) 2005 - 2008
* Tova Herzl 2001 - 2003
* Uri Oren 1998 - 2001
* Alon Liel 1992 - 1994
* David Ariel 1985 - 1989
* Eliyahu Lankin 1981 to 1985,
* Joseph Harmelin 1979 - 1981
* Itzhak Unna 1974 - 1975
* Chargé d'Affaires a.i. Mordechai Palzur
* Minister Eliezer Yapou 1966 - 1969
* Minister Simcha Pratt 1961 - 1963
* Minister Katriel Salmon 1959 - 1961
* Minister Itzhak Bavly 1955 - 1959
* Minister Semah Cecil Hyman 1952 - 1955
* Minister David Goitein 1950 - 1951

### Consulate (Johannesburg)

* Consul General Gershon Gera 1978
* Consul General Matityahu Dagan 1975 - 1978
* Consul General Jacob Doron 1959 - 1963
* Consul General Gabriel Doron 1956 - 1959
# Leisure Studies

Leisure Studies (ISSN 0261-4367) is an academic journal that publishes original research related to the field of leisure studies. The journal was established in 1982, and is overseen by the Leisure Studies Association.
# Ida Emilie Adamson

Ida Emilie Adamson (née Eschstamm, later Estam; March 18, 1898 – May 10, 1989) was an Estonian printmaker.

## Early life and education

Adamson was born in Pärnu, the daughter of Jaan Eschtamm (later Estam, 1867–1949) and Pauline Catharine Eschtamm (later Estam, née Kalbus; 1870–1961). She was the sister of the printmaker Pauline Elfriede Leps-Estam. She studied piano at Tartu Higher Music School (graduated in 1927) and Pallas Art School (graduated in 1932). From 1931 to 1932, she studied in the master's studio of Ado Vabbe.

## Career

Adamson left Estonia in 1944 and lived as a refugee in Germany. From there she relocated to Canada in 1949, and she then lived in the United States. She mainly produced free graphics, large-format compositions, book illustrations, and pencil drawings. Adamson died in Cupertino, California in 1989.
After the restoration of Estonian independence, Adamson's artwork was sent to the Pärnu Museum in Estonia together with works by her sister Pauline Elfriede Leps-Estam and her brother-in-law Erich Leps.
# Lia Dorana

Lia Dorana (18 July 1918 – 4 December 2010) was a Dutch comedian and actress. Dorana was born Beppy van Werven in The Hague on 18 July 1918. She was discovered by Dutch singer and cabaret singer Wim Sonneveld, with whom she launched her early career. She also worked with Hetty Blok and Conny Stuart.
Lia Dorana died in her hometown of Lage Vuursche, in the Dutch province of Utrecht, on 4 December 2010, at the age of 92.
# Licking Township, Blackford County, Indiana

Licking Township is one of four townships in Blackford County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 7,723 (down from 7,899 at 2010) and it contained 3,784 housing units. The township was named after Lick Creek and a salt lick in the area. The first settlers in what became Blackford County arrived in the Lick Creek area in 1831.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 41.46 square miles (107.4 km$^2$), of which 41.18 square miles (106.7 km$^2$) (or 99.32%) is land and 0.28 square miles (0.73 km$^2$) (or 0.68%) is water. Cains Lake and Lake Mohee are in this township. Lick Creek flows through the township.

### Cities and towns

* Hartford City
* Shamrock Lakes

### Unincorporated towns

* Hoover Park
* Renner

### Major highways

* SR 3
* SR 26

### Cemeteries

The township contains at least seven cemeteries: Cunningham, Greenlawn, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Lion, Sprague, Stewart, and Willman (a.k.a. Hartford City Cemetery).
# Interstate 140

Interstate 140 may refer to:
* Interstate 140 (North Carolina), a spur route near Wilmington, North Carolina
** Interstate 240 (North Carolina), a bypass of Asheville, North Carolina, formerly known as I-140
** Interstate 140 (North Carolina 1999), a cancelled proposed spur between Sanford and Raleigh, North Carolina
* Interstate 140 (Tennessee), a spur route in Knoxville, Tennessee
# James Woolley, Sons and Co.

James Woolley, Sons and Co. Ltd was a firm of pharmacists based in Manchester. It manufactured and sold tablets, pills and capsules of all types, surgical equipment and trusses, talcum powder, health cordials and photographic equipment.

## History

James Woolley (1811–58), an associate of John Dalton, set up a pharmacy business in King Street, Manchester 1833. He had tried to train as a doctor, but could not watch surgery conducted without anesthetic. In 1844 he bought the pharmacy business of R. H. Hargreaves in Market Street Manchester. He was one of the first members of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain and was the Hon. Secretary of the Manchester branch. He helped to establish a school of pharmacy in Manchester in 1842 which had more than 40 students. The school only lasted a few years. In 1852 he helped to establish The Manchester Chemists' Conversational Society and in 1855 the Manchester Pharmaceutical Association. He was director of the Manchester Mechanics' Institute for 25 years.
His son George Stephen Wooley, born 1837, took over the business when his father died in 1858. He became the Hon. Treasurer of the Manchester Chemists' and Druggists' Association, which was established in 1868. In 1891 on retiring as Treasurer he was elected president and continued as such until 1912. The firm began manufacturing and his brother Hermann was taken into partnership in 1867 to run that side of the business. In 1872 a younger brother, Harold, born in 1850, was brought into the partnership. After a fire in 1872 new laboratories and drug mills were built in Knowsely Street, Cheetham Hill. In 1884 T. C. Twining joined the company and it began to sell photographic equipment. Harold died in 1889 after an accident involving nitric acid. George's son Edward James Woolley took his place as a partner. Much larger premises were erected at Victoria Bridge on the banks of the Irwell. In 1895 the firm was incorporated. In 1936 it bought the firm of J.C.Arnfield & Sons Ltd of Stockport. The shop in Market Street was destroyed by bombing during World War II.
The firm donated £3000 to the medical department of Manchester University to establish the Woolley Laboratories, which were opened in 1930.
It was taken over by British Drug Houses in 1962.
The company archives are held in the University of Manchester Library.