OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Domain wall fermion

In lattice field theory, domain wall (DW) fermions are a fermion discretization avoiding the fermion doubling problem. They are a realisation of Ginsparg–Wilson fermions in the infinite separation limit $L_{s}\rightarrow \infty$ where they become equivalent to overlap fermions. DW fermions have undergone numerous improvements since Kaplan's original formulation such as the reinterpretation by Shamir and the generalisation to Möbius DW fermions by Brower, Neff and Orginos.
The original $d$-dimensional Euclidean spacetime is lifted into $d+1$ dimensions. The additional dimension of length $L_{s}$ has open boundary conditions and the so-called domain walls form its boundaries. The physics is now found to ″live″ on the domain walls and the doublers are located on opposite walls, that is at $L_{s}\rightarrow \infty$ they completely decouple from the system.
Kaplan's (and equivalently Shamir's) DW Dirac operator is defined by two addends
    $D_{\text{DW}}(x,s;y,r)=D(x;y)\delta _{sr}+\delta _{xy}D_{d+1}(s;r)\,$
with
    $D_{d+1}(s;r)=\delta _{sr}-(1-\delta _{s,L_{s}-1})P_{-}\delta _{s+1,r}-(1-\delta _{s0})P_{+}\delta _{s-1,r}+m\left(P_{-}\delta _{s,L_{s}-1}\delta _{0r}+P_{+}\delta _{s0}\delta _{L_{s}-1,r}\right)\,$
where $P_{\pm }=(\mathbf {1} \pm \gamma _{5})/2$ is the chiral projection operator and $D$ is the canonical Dirac operator in $d$ dimensions. $x$ and $y$ are (multi-)indices in the physical space whereas $s$ and $r$ denote the position in the additional dimension.
DW fermions do not contradict the Nielsen–Ninomiya theorem because they explicitly violate chiral symmetry (asymptotically obeying the Ginsparg–Wilson equation).
# Big Lake (Grant County, Minnesota)

Big Lake is a lake in Grant County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
Big Lake was named for its relatively large size.
# Battle of Warrington Bridge

The Battle of Warrington Bridge can refer to:
* Battle of Warrington Bridge (1648), part of the Battle of Preston (1648)
* Battle of Warrington Bridge (1651), the only successful Royalist engagement of the Worcester Campaign.
# International Bridge Walk

International Bridge Walk is an annual event held on the last Saturday in June where participants can walk from Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, to Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, via the International Bridge. Begun in 1987, it represents the friendship between the two Saults and both countries, and is held in conjunction with Canada's national holiday, Canada Day.
The walk begins at the Norris Building parking lot of Lake Superior State University with speeches from officials of both Saults and the singing of "O Canada" and "The Star-Spangled Banner". Participants begin walking about 9:00 a.m. and proceed west on Easterday Avenue and to the on-ramp near the bridge's toll plaza and finish at the OLG Casino west parking lot in Canada. Buses are provided for U.S. citizens to return to the U.S. The walk concludes at 10:30 a.m. and no one can walk the bridge after that time. In 2012, a bicycle parade was added to the annual event to cross the bridge from 8:30 to 9:30, the walk now taking place from 9:30 to 11:00.
46°30′25″N 84°21′41″W﻿ / ﻿46.50703°N 84.36132°W﻿ / 46.50703; -84.36132
# Innate Passage

Innate Passage is the sixth full-length album by the Berlin-based American progressive metal band Elder. Following the release of the lead single "Endless Return", the album was released on November 25, 2022.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| The Guardian | |
| Metal Injection | |
| Metal Storm | |
| Sputnikmusic | |
Upon release, Innate Passage garnered positive reviews from metal and hard rock press. In a positive review from Metal Injection, Max Heilman wrote that "their music is distinct to a band who has spent the past 16 years expanding the boundaries of stoner rock, fleshing it out with psychedelia, flipping it upside down with progressive chops, and beautifying it with serene melodies."

## Personnel

Elder
* Nick DiSalvo – guitar, vocals, keyboards
* Jack Donovan – bass
* Michael Risberg – guitar, keyboards
* Georg Edert – drums
Additional musicians
* Behrang Alavi – additional vocals on "Catastasis" and "Endless Return"
* Fabio Cuomo – additional keyboards on "The Purpose"
Production
* Linda Dag – recording and mixing
* Carl Saff – mastering
* Adrian Dexter – artwork
# Integration Commission of the Islamic Consultative Assembly

Pursuant to Article 41 of the Law on Internal Regulations of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (Parliament of the Islamic Republic of Iran), the Integration Commission of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, in order to regulate the principles and provisions of development programs and budget bills of the whole country and to establish coordination between the specialized commissions of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, after the relevant bill is submitted by the government to the Assembly, is formed consisting of the following members:
* Nine people from the Program, Budget and Accounting Commission
* Three people from other specialized commission
The members mentioned in the above paragraphs are elected by the relevant commissions and introduced to the board of directors of the Assembly. The mission of this commission will continue until the final approval of the development plan law or the annual budget bill of the whole country.
* Note 1- The Integration Commission is recognized in the presence of the absolute majority of members.
* Note 2- Proposals related to the constituencies of the members of the Integration Commission to create a new row or increase the credits or change the title of the projects in the Budget bill are prohibited.
If the Deputy of Strategic Planning and Supervision of the President of Iran confirms the constituency errors or omissions in written and official form while reviewing the budget bill, the changes can be approved by two-thirds of the votes of the Integration Commission.
# Intermediate League World Series (Europe–Africa Region)

The Intermediate League World Series Europe–Africa Region is one of six International regions that currently sends teams to the World Series in Livermore, California. The region's participation in the ILWS dates back to 2014.

## Europe–Africa Region Countries

* Austria
* Belgium
* Croatia
* Czech Republic
* France
* Germany / USA
* Lithuania
* Netherlands
* United Kingdom

## Region Champions

As of the 2022 Intermediate League World Series.
| Year | City | ILWS | Record |
| 2014 | Brno, Czech Republic | Not in Top 4 | 0–3 |
| 2015 | Brno, Czech Republic | Not in Top 4 | 0–3 |
| 2016 | Brno, Czech Republic | Not in Top 4 | 0–3 |
| 2017 | Paris, France | Not in Top 4 | 0–3 |
| 2018 | Brno, Czech Republic | Not in Top 4 | 0–3 |
| 2019 | Brno, Czech Republic | Not in Top 4 | 1–2 |
| 2020 | Cancelled due to COVID-19 crisis | Cancelled due to COVID-19 crisis | Cancelled due to COVID-19 crisis |
| 2021 | Cancelled due to COVID-19 crisis | Cancelled due to COVID-19 crisis | Cancelled due to COVID-19 crisis |
| 2022 | Haarlem, Netherlands | Not in Top 4 | 2–2 |
| Year | City | ILWS | Record |

### Results by Country

As of the 2022 Intermediate League World Series.
| Country | Region Championships | ILWS Championships | W–L | PCT |
| Czech Republic | 5 | 0 | 1–14 | 0.067 |
| Netherlands | 1 | 0 | 2–2 | 0.500 |
| France | 1 | 0 | 0–3 | 0.000 |
| Totals | 7 | 0 | 3–19 | 0.136 |
# Internal pudendal veins

The internal pudendal veins (internal pudic veins) are a set of veins in the pelvis. They are the venae comitantes of the internal pudendal artery. Internal pudendal veins are enclosed by pudendal canal, with internal pudendal artery and pudendal nerve.
They begin in the deep veins of the vulva and of the penis and scrotum, issuing from the bulb of the vestibule and the bulb of the penis, respectively. They accompany the internal pudendal artery, and unite to form a single vessel, which ends in the internal iliac vein.
They receive the veins from the urethral bulb, the perineal and inferior hemorrhoidal veins.
The deep dorsal vein of the penis communicates with the internal pudendal veins, but ends mainly in the pudendal plexus.
# Interolog

An interolog is a conserved interaction between a pair of proteins which have interacting homologs in another organism. The term was introduced in a 2000 paper by Walhout et al.

## Example

Suppose that A and B are two different interacting human proteins, and A' and B' are two different interacting dog proteins. Then the interaction between A and B is an interolog of the interaction between A' and B' if the following conditions all hold:
* A is a homolog of A'. (Protein homologs have similar amino acid sequences and derive from a common ancestral sequence).
* B is a homolog of B'.
* A and B interact.
* A' and B' interact.
Thus, interologs are homologous pairs of protein interactions across different organisms.
# International African Institute

The International African Institute (IAI) was founded (as the International Institute of African Languages and Cultures - IIALC) in 1926 in London for the study of African languages. Frederick Lugard was the first chairman (1926 to his death in 1945); Diedrich Hermann Westermann (1926 to 1939) and Maurice Delafosse (1926) were the initial co-directors.
Since 1928, the IAI has published a quarterly journal, Africa. For some years during the 1950s and 1960s, the assistant editor was the novelist Barbara Pym.
The IAI's mission is "to promote the education of the public in the study of Africa and its languages and cultures". Its operations includes seminars, journals, monographs, edited volumes and stimulating scholarship within Africa.

## Publications

The IAI has been involved in scholarly publishing since 1927. Scholars whose work has been published by the institute include Emmanuel K. Akyeampong, Samir Amin, Karin Barber, Alex de Waal, Patrick Chabal, Mary Douglas, E. E. Evans-Pritchard, Jack Goody, Jane Guyer, Monica Hunter, Bronislaw Malinowski, Z. K. Matthews, D. A. Masolo, Achille Mbembe, Thomas Mofolo, John Middleton, Simon Ottenberg, J. D. Y. Peel, Mamphela Ramphele, Isaac Schapera, Monica Wilson and V. Y. Mudimbe.
IAI publications fall into a number of series, notably International African Library and International African Seminars. The International African Library is published from volume 41 (2011) by Cambridge University Press; Volumes 7–40 are available from Edinburgh University Press. As of November 2016, there are 49 volumes.

## Archives

The archives of the International African Institute are held at the Archives Division of the Library of the London School of Economics. An online catalogue of these papers is available.

## History
### Africa alphabet

In 1928, the IAI (then IIALC) published an "Africa Alphabet" to facilitate standardization of Latin-based writing systems for African languages.

### Prize for African-language literature, 1929–50

From April 1929 to 1950, the IAI offered prizes for works of literature in African languages.

### List of chairmen

* 1926–1945: Frederick Lugard, 1st Baron Lugard; first chairman
* 1945–1949: Francis Rodd, 2nd Baron Rennell
* 1949–1957: Sir John Waddington
# Ballenero Channel

54°46′05″S 71°14′25″W﻿ / ﻿54.768049°S 71.240152°W﻿ / -54.768049; -71.240152
The Ballenero Channel (Spanish: Canal Ballenero) runs between the Tierra del Fuego and Cook, Londonderry and the Stewart Islands and joints the Pomar Channel (north of O'Brien Island) and O'Brien Channel (south of the O'Brien Island) to the Desolada Bay and to the Pacific Ocean.
It is part of the official route between Puerto Williams and Strait of Magellan: from islote Anxious - Canal Magdalena - Canal Cockburn - Paso Brecknock or Canal Ocasión - Canal Unión - Paso Occidental - Paso Norte - Canal Ballenero- Canal O'Brien - Paso Timbales - Brazo noroeste del Canal Beagle - Canal Beagle - Puerto Williams (and back).(Chilean ships can use Paso Aguirre)
It was formerly known as Whaleboat Sound, as in US Hydrographic Office, South America Pilot, (1916).
# Draw twister

A draw twister is a machine used to draw and twist large quantities of polymer fibers. It uses two sets of rollers, where the second set rotates faster than the first, thus drawing the fiber between them. While the fibers are being drawn they are also twisted into thread.
# Gnulib

Gnulib, also called the GNU portability library, is a collection of software subroutines which are designed to be usable on many operating systems. The goal of the project is to make it easy for free software authors to make their software run on many operating systems. Since source is designed to be copied from gnulib, it is not a library per-se, as much as a collection of portable idioms to be used in other projects.
Making a software package work on a system other than the original system it worked on is usually called "porting" the software to the new system, and a library is a collection of subroutines which can be added to new programs. Thus, Gnulib is the GNU project's portability library.
It is primarily written for use by the GNU Project, but can be used by any free software project.
# Alfonso Sancha

Alfonso Sancha (Mainz, Germany, 1965) is a Spanish executive. Sancha has developed a long career within the Volkswagen Group, where he began his professional career in 1997 and has performed several responsibilities. Since 2019 he is SEAT's executive vice-president for purchasing and a member of its executive committee.

## Career

The son of Spanish parents who emigrated to Germany in the 1950s, Alfonso Sancha has a bachelor's degree in international business from the Darmstadt Chamber of Commerce. He has developed his career in the automotive industry, mainly in the Volkswagen Group, holding positions of international relevance in Germany, Mexico and China.
He was the purchasing manager for metal parts for the entire Volkswagen Group, until he assumed his position as vice president of purchasing at SEAT in 2019. Between 2011 and 2014 he was executive vice-president for purchasing at Volkswagen Group China. Previously, he had performed several roles in the Volkswagen and SEAT purchasing areas.
In September 2019, Alfonso Sancha joined SEAT as executive vice-president for purchasing, replacing Klaus Ziegler, who became head of purchasing for connectivity, e-mobility and driver-assistance systems for the Volkswagen Group worldwide. Among other objectives, Sancha was appointed to develop SEAT's electric strategy in the purchasing area and to expand the brand's operations in North Africa and Latin America.
# Marshall County School District

Marshall County School District, Marshall County School System, or Marshall County Schools may refer to:
* Marshall County School District (Alabama)
* Marshall County School District (Kentucky)
* Marshall County School District (Mississippi)
* Marshall County School District (Tennessee)
* Marshall County Schools (West Virginia)
# 1991 K League

The 1991 Korean Professional Football League was the ninth season of K League since its establishment in 1983.

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Daewoo Royals (C) | 40 | 17 | 18 | 5 | 49 | 32 | +17 | 52 |
| 2 | Hyundai Horang-i | 40 | 13 | 16 | 11 | 36 | 34 | +2 | 42 |
| 3 | POSCO Atoms | 40 | 12 | 15 | 13 | 46 | 47 | −1 | 39 |
| 4 | Yukong Elephants | 40 | 10 | 17 | 13 | 38 | 40 | −2 | 37 |
| 5 | Ilhwa Chunma | 40 | 13 | 11 | 16 | 56 | 63 | −7 | 37 |
| 6 | LG Cheetahs | 40 | 9 | 15 | 16 | 44 | 53 | −9 | 33 |

## Awards
### Main awards

| Award | Winner | Club |
| Most Valuable Player | Chung Yong-hwan | Daewoo Royals |
| Top goalscorer | Lee Kee-keun | POSCO Atoms |
| Top assist provider | Kim Jun-hyun | Yukong Elephants |
| Rookie of the Year | Cho Woo-seok | Ilhwa Chunma |
| Manager of the Year | Bertalan Bicskei | Daewoo Royals |
| Best Defender/Goalkeeper | Park Hyun-yong | Daewoo Royals |
| Fighting Spirit Award | Choi Jin-han | Yukong Elephants |
| Exemplary Award | Chung Yong-hwan | Daewoo Royals |
| Fair Play Award | Hyundai Horang-i | Hyundai Horang-i |
Source:

### Best XI

| Position | Winner | Club |
| Goalkeeper | Kim Poong-joo | Daewoo Royals |
| Defenders | Chung Yong-hwan | Daewoo Royals |
| Defenders | Park Hyun-yong | Daewoo Royals |
| Defenders | Tadeusz Świątek | Yukong Elephants |
| Midfielders | Kim Hyun-seok | Hyundai Horang-i |
| Midfielders | Lee Young-jin | LG Cheetahs |
| Midfielders | Kim Joo-sung | Daewoo Royals |
| Midfielders | Choi Kang-hee | Hyundai Horang-i |
| Midfielders | Lee Sang-yoon | Ilhwa Chunma |
| Forwards | Lee Kee-keun | POSCO Atoms |
| Forwards | Ko Jeong-woon | Ilhwa Chunma |
Source:
# Bill Crump (musician)

William John Crump (November 2, 1907 – October 26, 1979) was an American jazz musician, who played alto and tenor saxophone, clarinet, flute, and oboe. He is remembered today mainly as one of the 57 musicians pictured in Art Kane's 1958 photograph A Great Day in Harlem, which appeared in the January 1959 issue of Esquire magazine. At the time, Crump was playing in house bands at the Apollo Theater and Savoy Ballroom in Harlem, New York.

## Biography

Crump was born in Oskaloosa, Iowa, on November 2, 1907, and spent his teenage years in Davenport. In 1927, he was playing lead saxophone with a band called The Virginia Ravens, when Eddie Barefield joined it in Geneseo, Illinois, and was apparently still traveling with them in 1930.
In the mid-1930s, Crump was a member of J. Frank Terry's touring band, the Chicago Nightingales, which included trumpeters Dick Vance and Francis Williams (in whose truck the band covered 50,000 miles over a six-month period during 1934). At around this time, he settled in Buffalo, New York, where he played at the numerous local venues where swing music was featured.
In 1947, it was reported that the "Bill Crump Band ha[d] moved into the Heatwave, Buffalo", suggesting a residency at the club. Ten years on, but in the same city, Crump was leading a quartet called the Los Chamacos Group at the Latonas (formerly the Copa Casino). A music journalist observed that the ensemble had "a lot of personality to keep you watching with your ears open", and also noted that in his career, Crump had worked with musicians such as Sarah Vaughan, Al Hibbler, Eartha Kitt, Joyce Bryant, "Dinah", and also Sammy Davis Jr.
Crump was active in the Buffalo branch ("local 533") of the Colored Musicians Union, of which he was vice-president from 1949 to 1952. He was also a member of the historic Colored Musicians Club. In a 1994 interview, contemporary Conrad Toepfer Jr. recalled that "[t]here was so much talent at The Club. I mean guys like Bob and Bill Crump. Bill Crump had worked, with the Count Basie Band".
In later life, Crump played for various Las Vegas shows. In 1976, he moved with his wife Marie to Los Angeles, where he is known to have played some gigs with Streamline Ewing and Jimmy Cheatham.
# 1993–94 Washington Huskies men's basketball team

The 1993–94 Washington Huskies men's basketball team represented the University of Washington for the 1993–94 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Led by first-year head coach Bob Bender, the Huskies were members of the Pacific-10 Conference and played their home games on campus at Hec Edmundson Pavilion in Seattle, Washington.
The Huskies were 5–22 overall in the regular season and 3–15 in conference play, ninth in the standings. Although swept by Northwest rivals Oregon and Washington State, the Huskies' big win of the season was an upset of #12 Arizona, the Wildcats won the Pac-10 title and advanced to the Final Four. There was no conference tournament this season; last played in 1990, it resumed in 2002.
Bender was hired in April 1993; he was previously the head coach at Illinois State.
# Baumannia

Baumannia can refer to:
* Candidatus Baumannia, a candidatus genus of bacteria including Ca. Baumannia cicadellinicola
* Knoxia, a genus of plant formerly known as Baumannia
# Baby and Child Care

Baby and Child Care may refer to:
* The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care by Dr. Benjamin Spock
* Pediatrics, the branch of medicine that deals with the medical care of infants, children, and adolescents
* Child care, the care and supervision of babies and young children
# International Review of Social History

The International Review of Social History (IRSH) is a scholarly journal founded, in its current format, in 1956, by the International Institute of Social History (IISH). The current academic journal revived an earlier publication by the same name issued by IISH from 1936 until its termination due to the approach of World War II in 1938.

## History
### Precursor

In 1936, the International Institute of Social History established its first publication, the International Review for Social History (IRSH). This publication was joined by another, the Bulletin of the International Review of Social History, in 1937. Although both were interrupted by World War II, with the first iteration of the IRSH terminated in 1938, some ten volumes were published under that name, ending in 1955.
The prewar International Review for Social History was a multilingual publication, including material published in English, German, Dutch, and French.

### Establishment

A revived postwar International Review of Social History (IRSH) was launched in 1956. The IRSH publishes academic articles that focus on research into social and labor history from a transnational perspective, accepting articles from both the modern and the early modern periods. It is well regarded by professional international social and labour historians as a journal which publishes authoritative papers on the discipline.

### Frequency and reception

The journal publishes four issues per year, one of which is always a special issue collecting together articles on a given theme, edited by a guest editor. The current executive editor is Aad Blok, of the International Institute of Social History. The IRSH is published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the IISG. According to Journal Citation Reports, the journal possesses a 2020 impact factor of 0.860, making it 27th out of 101 history journals in the Social Sciences Citation Index.
# Gloaming

Gloaming may refer to:
* Twilight, the period after sunset and before the darkness of night
* The Gloaming, an Irish traditional music group
** The Gloaming (album), their first album
* Gloaming (horse) (1915–1932), a Thoroughbred racehorse
* The Gloaming (TV series), a 2019 Australian web TV series
* The Gloaming, the subtitle of Radiohead's album Hail to the Thief and the title of one of its tracks
# Driftin' River

Driftin' River is a 1946 American Western film directed by Robert Emmett Tansey and written by Frances Kavanaugh. The film stars Eddie Dean, Roscoe Ates, Shirley Patterson, Lee Bennett, William Fawcett, Dennis Moore, Lottie Harrison, Robert Callahan, Lee Roberts, Donald Murphy and Forrest Taylor. The film was released on October 1, 1946, by Producers Releasing Corporation.

## Plot

Under government orders, Eddie Dean and his partner Soapy Jones head to J.C. Morgan's ranch to purchase cavalry remounts for the Army, only to discover that J.C. is a woman. The nearby town, Dow City, is in the grip of lawlessness led by Trigger, Clem Kensington, and Joe Morino. Tucson Brown, one of J.C.'s trusted hands, is part of the gang. When Eddie decides to buy horses, Tucson steals the herd to sabotage the sale, resulting in brutal murders of investigating soldiers. The angered townsfolk elect J.C.'s foreman, Tennessee, as sheriff. However, when Tennessee is murdered by outlaws, Eddie, Soapy, and the reformed Tucson unite to take decisive action.

## Cast

* Eddie Dean as Eddie Dean
* Roscoe Ates as Soapy Jones
* Shirley Patterson as J. C. 'Jenny' Morgan
* Lee Bennett as Tucson Brown
* William Fawcett as Tennessee
* Dennis Moore as Joe Marino
* Lottie Harrison as Senora
* Robert Callahan as Clem Kensington
* Lee Roberts as Trigger
* Donald Murphy as Captain Rogers
* Forrest Taylor as Major Hammond
* Wylie Grant as Whistling Sam Wade
* Flash as Eddie's Horse