OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 8th North Carolina Regiment

The 8th North Carolina Regiment was authorized on November 26, 1776, and assigned to the Southern Department of the Continental Army. The 8th North Carolina Regiment played a crucial role in the Defense of Philadelphia during the Philadelphia campaign. The unit saw action at the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown and the Battle of Monmouth during the Defense of Philadelphia of the American Revolution. A part of the continental army, the Regiment was commanded by Colonel James Armstrong. The regiment was disbanded on 1 June 1778 at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.

## Officers

Known officers of the 8th North Carolina Regiment of the Continental Army include the following
| Commander | Lt Colonels | Lieutenants | Majors | Regimental Adjutants | Quartermasters |
| Col. James Armstrong | James Ingram Samuel Lockhart Levi Dawson | John Council Bush | Selby Harney Pinketham Eaton | John Burton | Francis Graves Peter Rhein |

## History

The 8th North Carolina Regiment of the Continental Army was organized in the Spring and Summer of 1777 at Halifax, North Carolina. It included eight companies from New Bern and Wilmington Districts of North Carolina. The 8th NC Regiment contributed significantly in the Revolutionary War. They marched poorly clothed and mostly barefoot nearly 500 miles to Philadelphia area. Most of the men from the 8th NC were killed or wounded storming the Crew of "Stone House" in the Battle of Germantown on 4 Oct 1777.[3] This battle served as a turning point for the Americans. Although Gen George Washington narrowly lost this battle, the casualties were so nearly equal (American 650, British 550) that world admiration caused France to join the war as an American ally. Upon the death of Brigadier General Francis Nash as a result of his severe wounds at the Battle of Germantown, the 8th NC Regiment, along with all other NC Continental regiments in the Northern Theater, was placed under the command of Major General Alexander McDougall of New York. On December 20, 1777, the NC Continental Line was placed under Brigadier General Lachlan McIntosh of Georgia, and they were encamped at Valley Forge in Pennsylvania for that brutal winter.[4]
At Valley Forge the field officers were Colonel James Armstrong, Lieutenant Colonel Levi Dawson, and Major Pinketham Eaton.[5] Some of the known company commanders at Valley Forge were Captain Francis Tartanson, Captain John Walsh, Captain Joseph Rhodes, Captain Michael Quinn, Captain Henry Pope and Captain William Dennis Jr (William Dennis Sr. 1720-1800 was a 2nd Major in the Carteret County Militia, many confuse the father and son).
Primary Engagements:
* 9/11/1777, Battle of Brandywine Creek (PA)
* 10/4/1777, Battle of Germantown (PA)
* 1777-1778, Philadelphia campaign (PA)
# Abadiya bint Ali

Khadija Abdiya bint Ali (1907 – 14 July 1958) was an Iraqi princess. She was the daughter of Ali, King of Hejaz, and Princess Nafissa, sister of Crown Prince 'Abd al-Ilah, and the aunt of King Faisal II of Iraq. She was murdered in the massacre of the royal family during the 14 July Revolution.

## Life

She spend her childhood in Mecca. Her father was deposed in 1924, and she followed her family in exile to Iraq, were her uncle had been made king in 1921.
Her brother 'Abd al-Ilah served as regent of Iraq for their nephew king Faisal II when her became king as a minor in 1939. When her sister queen Aliya bint Ali died in 1950, she was asked to act as a mother figure for the king. She never married, was described as somewhat Spartan, and devoted herself to supervising the palace staff.
On 14 July 1958, the Royal Al-Rehab Palace in Baghdad, was attacked by the rebels during the 14 July Revolution. When the defenders of the palace realized they were vastly overnumbered, and that it would be impossible to defend the royal family, they agreed to hand them over to the rebels, who stated that they would transport them to custody in the Ministry of Defense. The royal family, consisting of the king, the crown prince, Princess Hiyam, Princess Nafissa (mother of the crown prince), and Princess Abadiya (the king's aunt), as well as some members of the royal staff, left the palace via the kitchen. When passing the kitchen garden through a row of rebel soldiers, the soldiers opened fire. The king was hit in the head and neck, while the crown prince, Nafissa and Abadiya were all hit in the back, and Hiyam in the leg or hip. The rebels had agreed that the crown prince and the prime minister should be killed, but there had been different opinions as what to do with the king, and no decisions at all in regard to the female members of the family.
After the massacre, the bodies were taken to cars to be transported to the Ministry of Defense. The king, Abadiya, and Hiyam were reportedly still alive, but the king died during the trip. The cars stopped, and the bodies of the king and the crown prince were taken out, the former being hanged, the latter being defiled and dragged through the streets.
# Abadir (woreda)

Abadir is one of the woredas in the Harari Region of Ethiopia.
# Abdoulie Janneh

Abdoulie Janneh is a Gambian diplomat and economist. He served as executive secretary of the UN Economic Commission for Africa from 2005 to 2012. Since leaving the UN, he has worked as executive director of the Mo Ibrahim Foundation. In 2018, he was appointed as chairperson of commissioners of the Gambian Truth, Reconciliation and Reparations Commission (TRRC).

## Education

Janneh studied engineering science at Fourah Bay College, University of Sierra Leone, and completed a master's degree in urban and regional planning studies at the University of Nottingham. He has also completed postgraduate studies in project planning and appraisal at the University of Bradford.

## Career

Janneh became deputy executive secretary of the UN Capital Development Fund in 1990. In 1993, he was moved to become resident coordinator of the UN Development Programme (UNDP) in Niger, and in 1996 he moved to do the same role in Ghana. In June 2000, Janneh became the UNDP Regional Director for Africa, serving until October 2005. In that capacity, he managed the UNDP's largest Regional Bureau, covering 45 countries and overseeing 1,500 staff. This role was at the level of Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations,
Under his guidance, the UNDP Bureau for Africa has contributed greatly to promoting good governance, the fight against HIV/AIDs, economic reform, fair trade, poverty eradication and crisis prevention. He also pays special attention to issues such as the institutional transformation of the African Union and the successful implementation of the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD). He has played a critical role in strategy and policy-setting in UNDP and has spearheaded institutional change and development in the organization. In 1999, he led the Transition Team of the former UNDP Administrator, Mark Malloch Brown.
From 2000 to 2005, Janneh served as Assistant Secretary-General and UNDP Regional Director for Africa, in charge of managing UNDP's largest Regional Bureau, covering 45 countries in sub-Saharan Africa with a complement of over 1,500 staff. He was the Under-Secretary-General and Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) from 2005 to 2012. He currently serves as executive director and liaison with Governments and Institutions in Africa on the board of the Mo Ibrahim Foundation.

## Other activities

* Africa Europe Foundation (AEF), Member of the High-Level Group of Personalities on Africa-Europe Relations (since 2020)
# Abel Shongwe

Abel Shongwe (born 26 June 1966) is a retired Swazi football midfielder.

## Kaizer Chiefs

He was invited for trials by Ted Dumitru after his performance in a 3–2 win in a friendly against Orlando Pirates. He went AWOL so he could attend trials. He scored his first goal against Hellenic at Ellis Park Stadium. He requested a transfer to another team when he started fall behind to Mike Mangena, Nelson Dladla, Marks Maponyane and Shane McGregor.

## Later career

A Swazi international, he joined Wits in 1988, Dynamos until they closed shop in 1991 and then Moroka Swallows in 1993 and left because of financial problems.

## After retirement

He has coached a number of SAFA Second Division teams. He completed a course for his CAF B coaching license.
# Abe Holzmann

Abraham Holzmann (19 August 1874 – 16 January 1939) was an American composer, famous for his march "Blaze Away!".

## Life and career

Abraham Holzmann was born in New York City on 19 August 1874. His parents were Jacob Holzmann, a Hungarian-Jewish immigrant and Isabella Holzmann, a native of Louisiana. The young Holzmann learned music in Germany. A review originally published by the New York Herald on Sunday, 13 January 1901, entitled German Composer who Writes American Cakewalk Music describes "[h]is knowledge of bass and counterpoint is thorough, and his standard compositions bear the stamp of harmonic lore, which makes his proclivity for the writing of the popular style of music the more remarkable."
Abe married Isabelle Fishblatt around 1908, and he became the manager of the Orchestra Department at Jerome Remick & Company, music publisher in New York. He was an early member (1923) of the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP). He earned his livelihood as composer/arranger for Tin Pan Alley publishers, including Leo Feist. He later was advertising manager for the American Federation of Musicians publication, International Musician. He was a member of Freemasonry, the Elks, and Knights of Pythias, all in New York City.
Holzmann died in East Orange, New Jersey at age 64 on 16 January 1939. He was survived by his widow, a daughter Natalie Holzmann, three half-brothers, and four sisters. His music was especially revered by ragtime enthusiasts, although he composed marches, waltzes, and other light music.
His 1899 composition Smokey Mokes was briefly featured in the 1936 movie San Francisco.

## Works

* A-la-carte (1915)
* Alagazam (1902)
* Blaze-Away! (1901) possibly a tribute to "Rough Rider" turned U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt
* Bunch O' Blackberries (1899)
* Calanthe (1900)
* Cowperthwait Centennial March (1907)
* Flying Arrow (1906)
* The Hand That Rocks The Cradle Rules The World (1901)
* Hunky Dory (1900)
* Love-Land (1905)
* Old Faithful (1908)
* The Rialto (1916)
* Smokey Mokes (1899)
* Spirit of Independence (1912)
* Symphia (1902)
* Uncle Sammy (1904)
* The Whip (1908)
* The Winning Fight (1911)
* Yankee Grit (1905)
# Abraham Burrell

Abraham Burrell (1589–1657) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1645 to 1653. He supported the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War.
Burrell was born in London, the son of Richard Burrell, and was baptised at St Benet Gracechurch on 18 January 1589. His father owned tenements in London and Burrell and his brothers also managed these properties. In 1622 he acquired the manor of Shapwick, Somerset. He showed early antipathy towards the King when in 1639 he refused to contribute towards the cost of the Bishops War against the Scots. In 1640 he sold Shapwick Manor to Sir Samuel Rolle, Hugh Fortescue, and Henry Rolle, and in 1641 acquired the manor, grange, watermill, etc. of Medloe Highfield, Huntingdonshire.
In September 1645, Burrell was elected Member of Parliament for Huntingdon in the Long Parliament after the previous member inherited a peerage. Burrell was unusual in writing an agreement with his electorate in which he undertook to demand no payment from the burgesses. He was a member of the committee for Huntingdonshire, and a commissioner of the High Court of Justice in 1649, but refused to take part in the trial of the King.
Burrell died in 1657, and a memorial was erected to him in the church of St James, Little Paxton.
Burrell married Elizabeth Butts, daughter of Richard Butts of Ham Court, Chertsey in 1617. They had four daughters, one of whom, Elizabeth, married Sir Drayner Massingberd, a parliamentary colonel.
# Abdolreza Jokar

Abdolreza Jokar is a Paralympian athlete from Iran competing mainly in category F53 javelin events.
Abdolreza has competed at five Paralympic Games. The first in 2000 where he won the F53 discus and the bronze medal in the F53 javelin. In 2004 he won a bronze medal in the F52/53 javelin before winning a silver in the F53/54 javelin in the 2008 Summer Paralympics. In 2012 he won a silver medal in the F52/53 javelin.

## Flag bearer in 2012 Summer Paralympics

He was the flag-bearer for Iran in 2012 Summer Paralympics Parade of Nations.
# Abraham Suárez

Abraham Suárez (born 8 April 1968) is an Ecuadorian diver. He competed in the men's 3 metre springboard event at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Abiak Elibi

Abiak Elibi is an Oron Village in Urue-Offong/Oruko local government area of Akwa Ibom state in Nigeria.
Oron folklore tells of Abiak Elibi (Run and Hide) village was created as an escape spot in Akpakip Oro for people to hid when they feel like they are under attack.
# Abdullah Ommidvar

Abdullah Ommidvar (29 September 1932 – 14 July 2022) was an Iranian-Chilean film director and producer.

## Partial filmography

Johnny 100 Pesos
# Academic Laurel

Academic Laurel (Polish: Wawrzyn Akademicki) is a Polish decoration established in 1934 during the period of the Second Polish Republic, awarded annually to individuals who have made significant contributions to literature, as proposed by the Polish Academy of Literature.

## History and awarding

The decoration was established by the decree of the Minister of Religious Affairs and Public Education on February 21, 1934.
The Laurel was awarded to individuals who have contributed to Polish literature through:
* outstanding literary creativity,
* outstanding activity in the field of care for Polish literature,
* outstanding editorial or organizational work in the field of literature,
* promoting a passion for Polish literature,
* promoting literacy,
* contributing to the increase of interest in Polish literary works.
The award was bestowed by the Minister of Religious Denominations and Public Enlightenment upon the recommendation of the Polish Academy of Literature.
Recipients of the Laurel received, in addition to the badge, a diploma certifying the award with a detailed description of the merits recognized.
Recipients of the Laurel covered the actual costs of producing the decoration.
The decoration had two levels:
* I degree – Golden Academic Laurel
* II degree – Silver Academic Laurel

## Description

The Golden Laurel badge, with a diameter of 38 mm, consisted of six gold arms joined by openwork fields; in the middle, at the intersection of the arms, there was an elliptical field covered with red enamel, on the enamel there was a silver monogram "AL", the reverse side was gold and smooth.
The Silver Laurel badge, with a diameter of 38 mm, consisted of six silver arms joined by openwork fields; in the middle, at the intersection of the arms, there was an elliptical field covered with yellow enamel, on the enamel there was a silver monogram "AL", the reverse side was silver and smooth.
The ribbon for both degrees of the Laurels was green with white stripes, 37 mm wide. The Laurel was attached to the ribbon with a gold or silver ring.
The ribbon bar had the same color and was the same for both degrees of the decoration.
# Absent Sounds

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 88/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Absolute Punk | (8.9/10) |
Absent Sounds is the third studio album by American band From Indian Lakes. It was released in October 2014, on the label Triple Crown.
# Abim General Hospital

Abim General Hospital, also known as Abim Hospital, is a government-owned hospital in the Northern Region of Uganda. It is the district hospital for the Abim District.

## Location

The hospital is in the town of Abim in the Karamoja sub-region, approximately 138 kilometres (86 mi), by road, west of the Moroto Regional Referral Hospital. The coordinates of the hospital are 02°41'56.0"N, 33°39'28.0"E (Latitude:2.698892; Longitude:33.657788).

## Overview

The hospital was built in 1969 during the first administration of Milton Obote (1962 to 1971). Since its founding, the hospital infrastructure has deteriorated, the equipment has aged or ceased working, and the poorly paid staff have become demoralized.

## Renovations and improvements

In February 2016, the hospital underwent renovations, including rehabilitation of its water supply system. The authorities plan to hire four additional physicians for the facility and to re-equip it with beds and bedding.
# Abim, Uganda

Abim is a town in the Northern Region of Uganda. It is the chief municipal, administrative, and commercial center of Abim District. The district is named after the town.

## Location

Abim is located in Abim District, Karamoja sub-region, Northern Region, Uganda. It is located approximately 140 kilometres (87 mi), by road, west of the city of Moroto, the largest urban centre the Karamoja sub-region. This location lies approximately 180 kilometres (112 mi), by road, east of Gulu, the largest city in the Northern Region of Uganda. Abim is located approximately 414 kilometres (257 mi) northeast of Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city. The geographical coordinates of the town are:2°42'07.2"N 33°39'36.0"E (Latitude:2.7020; Longitude:33.6600).

## Population

The 2002 national census enumerated the population of the town at 7,645. In 2014, the national population census and household survey enumerated 17,168 people. In 2015, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) estimated the town's mid-year population at about 18,100. In 2020, UBOS estimated the population of Abim Town Council at 24,400. UBOS calculated that the population of Abim, Uganda increased at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent, between 2015 and 2020.

## Points of interest

The following points of interest lie within the town limits or close to the edges of town: (a) the offices of Abim Town Council (b) the headquarters of Abim District Administration (c) Abim Central Market, the source of daily fresh produce (d) Abim General Hospital, a 100-bed public hospital administered by the Uganda Ministry of Health (e) a branch of DFCU Bank (f) a branch of Stanbic Bank Uganda and (g) Soroti–Amuria–Abim–Kotido Road, which passes through town in a general south to north direction.
# Aber Wrac'h

Aber Wrac'h is a small village and port located on the river which shares its name in the commune of Landéda in the department of Finistère in France, located in Brittany.
The source of the Wrac'h river is in Trémaouézan. It travels through Ploudaniel, Le Folgoët, Lannilis and Plouguerneau and enters the ocean in the estuary between the Sainte Marguerite peninsula and the headland of the Virgin Island.

## Origin of the name

The Aber Wrac'h could derive its name from the first immersed rock of its channel, “Ar Wrach”, which means “the old woman” (or the wrasse) in Breton.
An alternative theory is that the name is derived from the “estuary of the fairy” which may be related to the alleged Gallo-Roman bridge located upstream of the river mouth (ruins still visible today) named Pont Krac'h (Bridge of the Devil).
British accounts of the 18th and 19th Century give the town's name as Averach.

## History

The United States Navy established a naval air station on 4 June 1918 to operate seaplanes during World War I. The base closed shortly after the First Armistice at Compiègne.

## Islands in the vicinity of Aber Wrac'h

They following archipelago is also referred to as the islands of Lilia :
* Cézon island and its Fort
* Wrac'h Island
* Stagadon island
* Island of Erch
* Island of the Cross

## Recreation

The village is a popular location and base for sailing, windsurfing and kitesurfing.
# Absadah

Absadah was a priest and martyr of the early 4th century, who is venerated as a Saint in the Catholic church. He suffered martyrdom in the Diocletianic persecution.

## Life

Absadah was born near Behnesa, Egypt, c. 300. He was a priest to a small congregation in his village. Upon the start of the Diocletian Persecution, Absadah barricaded himself in his home, planning to hide from persecution. Later, he recounted a vision of Jesus Christ appearing before him. He voluntarily came before the court, and was sent to Alexandria.
Absadah was sentenced to be burnt alive; however, he was beheaded outside the walls of the city. He was buried at Cairo.

## Sainthood

The Catholic Church commemorates Absadah as a saint, with a feast day of January 19.
# Abrams Air Craft

The Abrams Air Craft Corporation was an aircraft manufacturer established in Lansing, Michigan, USA, in 1937 as an offshoot of Talbert Abrams' Aerial Survey Corporation. Abrams had founded an airline (ABC Airline) in 1929 but found himself increasingly interested in aerial photography. The new company was created for the purpose of designing and producing a dedicated survey aircraft. The result was the P-1 Explorer, designed by Abrams with assistance from Kenneth Ronan of Ronan & Kunzl.
World War II interrupted further work.
# Accelerate (disambiguation)

To accelerate is to have acceleration: the rate of change of velocity of an object with respect to time.
Accelerate may also refer to:

## Music

* "Accelerate" (Christina Aguilera song), a song from her album Liberation (2018)
* Accelerate (Jump5 album), a 2003 pop album
* Accelerate (Peter Andre album), a 2010 pop album
* Accelerate (R.E.M. album), a 2008 alternative rock album; also the title track

## Other

* ACCELERATE, a leadership program for Indigenous creatives run by the Australia Council and British Council, 2009–2016
* Accelerate (horse), an American thoroughbred racehorse
* USS Accelerate (ARS-30), a salvage ship
# Acacia spathulifolia

Acacia spathulifolia commonly known as Gold carpet or the Gold carpet wattle is a shrub of the genus Acacia and the subgenus Phyllodineae that is endemic to coastal parts of western Australia.

## Description

The dense spreading shrub typically grows to a height of 0.5 to 3.0 metres (1.6 to 9.8 ft). It has glabrous or puberulous branchlets. Like most species of Acacia it has phyllodes rather than true leaves. The thick and fleshy evergreen and horizontally flattened phyllodes have a narrowly oblong-oblanceolate shape with a length of 1 to 2 cm (0.39 to 0.79 in) and a width of 1.5 to 4.5 mm (0.059 to 0.177 in). The glabrous phyllodes are longitudinally wrinkled and a green to yellow-green colour with distinct yellow coloured marginal nerves. It blooms profusely from June to October and produces yellow flowers. It produces inflorescences the occur mostlysingly and have spherical flower-heads with a diameter of 5 to 6 mm (0.20 to 0.24 in) that are sub-densely packed with 9 to 15 golden coloured flowers. Following flowering crustaceous to coriaceous brown coloured seed pods for that have a narrowly oblong shape. The glabrous pods have a length of up to 4 cm (1.6 in) and a width of 4 to 4.5 mm (0.16 to 0.18 in) and have fine longitudinal divisions. The shiny dark brown seeds have an oblong to elliptic shape with a length of up to 4 mm (0.16 in) and have a white coloured aril.

## Taxonomy

The species was first formally described by the botanist Bruce Maslin in 1978 as part of the work Studies in the genus Acacia - The taxonomy of some diaphyllodinous species s published in the journal Nuytsia. It was reclassified as Racosperma spathulifolium by Leslie Pedley in 2003 then transferred back to genus Acacia in 2006.

## Distribution

It is native to an area in the Mid West, Wheatbelt and Gascoyne regions of Western Australia where it is commonly situated on sandplains and around areas of coastal limestone growing in sandy soils. The range of the plant extends from around Cape Range National Park in the north south along the coast through Kalbarri and Jurien where it is far more common. It is found as far as Mullewa and Piawaning in the east and is usually a part of coastal heath, low woodland and shrubland communities.

## Cultivation

The spoon shaped foliage and golden flowers make the plant an ideal feature groundcover.