OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Fullerton

George Fullerton may refer to:
* George Fullerton (cricketer) (1922–2002), South African cricketer
* George Fullerton (politician) (1802–1883), member of the Queensland Legislative Council
* George Stuart Fullerton (1859–1925), American philosopher and psychologist
* George William Fullerton (1923–2009), electric guitar innovator
# George Colville

George Colville (1876–1928) was a Scottish professional footballer. A right half, he played in the Football League for Blackpool and Glossop North End.
# George Lavington

George Lavington (18 January 1684 – 13 September 1762) was Bishop of Exeter from 1746 to 1762.
Born in Mildenhall, Wiltshire to Rev Joseph Lavington and his wife Elizabeth née Constable, he was educated at New College, Oxford (becoming a fellow in 1708) and later appointed Chaplain to King George I. He served as a prebendary at Worcester Cathedral. Later, he served as Weldland prebendary at St Paul's Cathedral, London. On 8 February 1746, he was consecrated Bishop of Exeter at Lambeth Palace, which post he held until death.
He was an ardent opponent of Methodism. On being appointed bishop of Exeter, which included Cornwall, one of his first acts was to close the pulpits of North Cornwall to Methodists. He also produced a stream of letters and pamphlets attacking Methodism and John Wesley. One of these pamphlets contained an accusation against Wesley concerning his conduct with women, and in particular that he had made indecent advances to the maid of a Mrs Morgan at Mitchell in Cornwall. When Wesley investigated he found that Mrs Morgan was merely a gossip, and that Lavington had never troubled to verify the truth of the statements. Lavington also attacked George Whitfield, although their relations were better and Lavington once came with his clergy to hear Whitfield preach.
A reconciliation took place between the Bishop and John Wesley when they had dinner together on 29 August 1762 after receiving the Sacrament together in Exeter Cathedral. The prelate died a fortnight later.
A portrait painting of Lavington from the early 1760s by Thomas Gainsborough survives.
An epitaph by Subdean Barton is on a tablet behind the sedilia in the south aisle of Exeter Cathedral, describing him as a pattern for Christian bishops.

## Family

He married Frances Mary Lavie (bur. 29 Nov 1763 Exeter Cathedral) of Corfe Mullen, Dorset, on 20 June 1722 at St Benet's Church, London and had at least 3 children by her:
* George Lavington (bapt 14 April 1723 and bur. 20 April 1723, Worcester Cathedral)
* Margaret Frances Lavington (bapt 30 April 1724 and bur. 30 April 1726, Worcester Cathedral)
* Anne Lavington (bapt 11 April 1730, Worcester Cathedral – died 16 January 1811, Exeter), who married Nutcombe Quicke (1727–1810), the Chancellor of Exeter Cathedral

## Inheritance

Lavington, who had met Richard, Earl of Ranelagh prior to 1714 when he was serving at St. Paul's, was appointed one of the beneficiaries of his will. This was probably because Richard had three daughters and no sons. Among the lands included in the will were extensive estates in Ireland in Counties Roscommon and Meath.
# George Lawson (judge)

George Lawson was a Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Ceylon. Lawson was a co-founder of the Law Library of Colombo and it is believed he was of Jewish origin.
# George Lawson (physician)

George Lawson (23 August 1831 – 12 October 1903) was an English ophthalmic surgeon.

## Biography

Lawson was born in London on 23 August 1831. He was the second son of William Lawson of the firm of Trower, Trower and Lawson, wine merchants, of the City of London, by his wife Anne Norton. After education at the Blackheath proprietary school, he entered King's College Hospital in 1848. Admitted M.R.C.S. in 1852, he served for a year as house surgeon to Sir William Fergusson. In 1852 he became a licentiate in midwifery of the College of Surgeons and licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries. Early in 1854 Lawson entered the army as an assistant surgeon, and in March of that year he left England with the first draft of troops for Malta. On the outbreak of the Crimean war he was detailed for duty at Varna with the third division under General Sir Richard England; from Varna he went to the Crimea and saw the first shot fired at Bulganak. He was present at the battles of Alma and Inkerman and was sent to Balaclava about the middle of January 1855. He had a severe attack of typhus fever in May 1855, followed by complete paraplegia. Although he had been gazetted assistant surgeon to the third battalion of the rifle brigade he was invalided home and at the end of the war he resigned his commission.
Lawson then decided to practise in London. Elected F.R.C.S. in 1857, he settled at 63 Park Street, Grosvenor Square, and turned his attention more especially to ophthalmic surgery, probably at the suggestion of Sir William Bowman, who had been assistant surgeon at King's College Hospital whilst Lawson acted as house surgeon. Becoming clinical assistant to Bowman at the Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital, Moorfields, he was in 1862 elected surgeon to the hospital on the retirement of Alfred Poland, was appointed full surgeon in 1867 and consulting surgeon in 1891. He held the post of surgeon to the Great Northern Hospital for a short time. To the Middlesex Hospital he was elected assistant surgeon in 1863, surgeon in 1871, lecturer on surgery in 1878, and consulting surgeon in 1896. He served as a member of the council of the College of Surgeons from 1884 to 1892, and in 1886 was appointed surgeon-oculist to Queen Victoria. He died in London on 12 October 1903, and was buried at Hildenborough, Kent. He married, on 5 March 1863, Mary, daughter of William Thomson, of the Indian medical service, by whom he had seven sons.
Lawson practised ophthalmic surgery as a part of general surgery and was little affected by the tendency towards specialism which completely divorced the two subjects before his death.
His works are:
* ‘Injuries of the Eye, Orbit and Eyelids; their immediate and remote effects,’ 1867.
* ‘Diseases and Injuries of the Eye; their medical and surgical treatment,’ 1869; 6th edit. 1903.
# George Norman (Newfoundland politician)

George Maxwell Norman (August 25, 1902 – August 25, 1964) was a Canadian politician who was elected to the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly in the 1951 provincial election. He represented the electoral district of Burgeo and La Poile as a member of the Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Norman was born in Cupids, Newfoundland to British immigrants. He was an agent operator for the Canadian National Railway and lived at Port aux Basques, Newfoundland. Norman married Mildred Joyce Lacey in 1924 and had two daughters. Norman died on his 62nd birthday of a heart attack, in 1964.
# Georgianne Walken

Georgianne Leigh Walken (née Thon; born February 8, 1944) is an American former casting director.

## Life and career

Her original surname, Korzen, was changed to that of her maternal aunt, Irene Thon, who raised her.
Walken, along with casting partner Sheila Jaffe of Walken/Jaffe, has been the casting director for more than 80 television shows and movies since 1989, including The Sopranos and Entourage.
Walken also had minor acting roles in a 2006 episode of The Sopranos, as well as the 1983 film Brainstorm with her husband Christopher Walken and the late Natalie Wood. The Walkens have been married since 1969 and reside in rural Connecticut. Walken and Jaffe did the casting for Basquiat, in which Christopher Walken has a cameo appearance. Among the other films which Walken and Jaffe have cast include Monkeybone, Bedazzled, Black Knight, Two Girls and a Guy, American Strays, and Subway Stories.
# Gerald Jones (philosopher)

Gerald Jones is a London-based philosopher, educator and textbook author.
Gerald Jones has spent his professional career in adult education. Since 1990 he has written and lectured in Philosophy and Critical Thinking, and was a visiting lecturer at the Institute of Education between 1996 and 2006. He later became an educational administrator and educational theorist. He was Head of Humanities at the Mary Ward Centre before becoming head of the community education service for the London Borough of Ealing, and afterwards the head of adult learning for the London Borough of Lewisham. He is now Principal of the Waterloo Centre of Morley College.
As editor of the collection Gatekeepers, Midwives and Fellow Travellers: The Craft and Artistry of the Adult Educator (2005) he put forward a practical approach to understanding adult education and its aims, which has become known as Gatekeeper theory, and has been widely discussed.
He is also associated with the idea of moral blindspots, which he developed in an article for Philosophy Now in 2018, and which has been referenced in U.S. political newspaper The Hill.
Jones has authored or co-authored more than ten books aimed at learners in philosophy, including Exploring Ethics. Along with Jeremy Hayward and Dan Cardinal, he has co-written the best-selling Philosophy in Focus textbooks, published by Hodder Education and intended to assist with the AQA A level philosophy syllabus.
Jones is also notable as a pioneer of teaching philosophy through games, and has devised many such games, often in collaboration with Jeremy Hayward.

## Books

* Exploring Ethics, Jones, Hayward & Mason, (London: John Murray 2000)
* Sartre’s Existentialism & Humanism, Jones, Hayward & Cardinal (London: John Murray 2003)
* Epistemology: the Theory of Knowledge, Jones, Hayward & Cardinal (London: John Murray 2004)
* The Philosophy of Religion, Jones, Hayward & Cardinal (London: Hodder Murray 2005)
* Ethik: Entdeken, Verstehen, Anwenden (Dortmund: Auer-Verlag 2005)
* Gatekeepers, Midwives and Fellow Travellers: The Craft and Artistry of the Adult Educator, (2005), Gerald Jones, Mary Ward Centre
* Descartes' Meditations, Jones, Hayward & Cardinal (London: Hodder Murray 2005)
* Moral Philosophy: a Guide to Ethical Theory, Jones, Hayward & Cardinal (London: Hodder Murray 2006)
* Plato’s Republic, Jones, Hayward & Cardinal (London: Hodder Murray 2007)
* An Introduction to Philosophy for AS Level, Jones, Hayward & Cardinal (London: Hodder Education 2008)
* Philosophy for AS Level, Jones, Hayward & Cardinal (London: Hodder 2014)
* Philosophy for A Level, Jones, Hayward & Cardinal (London: Hodder 2015)
# Gerbaix

Gerbaix is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.
# Geremia Bonomelli

Geremia Bonomelli (1831–1914) was the bishop of the diocese of Cremona in the late years of the 19th century and first years of the 20th century. Bonomelli is still remembered for his work in support of Italian emigrants.

## Life

Born in Corte Franca in the time of the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia, he was ordained priest for his native diocese of Brescia in 1855. In 1871, Pope Pius IX named him bishop of Cremona.
From 1896 on, he was involved in the pastoral care of Italians that were living abroad, and many missions were founded for Italian emigration. For his work in this area, he was commemorated by Pope Pius XII in Exsul Familia (1952). The pope said that Bonomelli "founded an Agency for the Assistance of Italians who had migrated to other parts of Europe. From this Agency arose many institutions and flourishing centers of civic education and welfare. In 1900, devout priests and eminent laymen attracted to the work founded successful 'missions' in Switzerland, Austria, Germany and France".
Bonomelli was also a strong supporter of the involvement of Catholics (priests and laity) in the care of the poor, and he was involved in first attempts to solve the Roman Question. In 1889, one of his brochures was condemned by the Vatican, and so Bonomelli retracted it. Pope Leo XIII in turn thanked the bishop, saying that he had feared "those who [strove] to wrest [Bonomelli's] writings to support their own views" and insisted that the Pope's "civil princedom is not a question between man and man, but that the liberty of exercising [his] apostolic rights and duties is at stake, and this liberty ought not to be in the power and will of another".
Bonomelli died in 1914.
# Gerasimenko

Gerasimenko or Herasymenko (Герасименко) is a Ukrainian-language surname. It is a patronymic surname and is derived from the given name Gerasim.
The surname may refer to:
* Aleksei Gerasimenko (born 1970), Russian football player
* Dmitry Gerasimenko (born 1978), Russian businessman
* Oleg Gerasimenko (born 1990), Russian footballer
* Svetlana Gerasimenko (born 1945), Ukrainian-born Tajikistani astronomer
* Lina Herasymenko (born 1974), Ukrainian archer
* Vasyl Herasymenko (1900–1961), Soviet-Ukrainian general
# Gerrit Cornelisz Vlasman

Gerrit Cornelisz. Vlasman (before 1600 – after 1624), was a Dutch Golden Age brewer and member of the Haarlem schutterij.

## Biography

He was the son of Cornelis Gerritsz. Vlasman, a landowner with privileges near Sassenheim who owned the Haarlem brewery Het Zeepaard. He became a flag bearer of the St. George militia in Haarlem from 1612-1624. He was portrayed by Frans Hals in The Banquet of the Officers of the St George Militia Company in 1616.
He either died or married after 1624, as his name no longer appears in the membership lists of the St. George militia after that. He was probably related to Cornelia Jansdr. Vlasman, who married the painter Floris van Dyck in 1625.
# German submarine U-954

German submarine U-954 was a Type VIIC submarine of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine in World War II.

## Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-954 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two Brown, Boveri & Cie GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-954 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and one twin 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.

## Service history
### Wolfpacks

U-954 took part in five wolfpacks, namely:
* Meise (25 – 27 April 1943)
* Star (27 April – 4 May 1943)
* Fink (4 – 6 May 1943)
* Inn (11 – 15 May 1943)
* Donau 2 (15 – 19 May 1943)

### Fate

On 19 May 1943, U-954 was sunk with all hands by hedgehog attacks from the Banff-class sloop HMS Sennen and the River-class frigate HMS Jed, both escorting Convoy SC 130. One of those killed in the sinking was Admiral Karl Dönitz's son Peter Dönitz.
# Gestigon

Gestigon (stylized as gestigon) is a software development company founded in September 2011, to develop software for gesture control and body tracking based on 3D depth data.
As of 2016, Gestigon began developing augmented reality and automotive solutions for Audi, Renault and Volkswagen, and also AR/VR headsets.
In March 2017, Gestigon was acquired by Valeo, a French automotive supplier.

## History

The company was founded by Sascha Klement, Erhardt Barth, and Thomas Martinetz.
Sascha Klement worked as a student assistant and Ph.D. student for the professors Thomas Martinetz and Erhardt Barth, who have been developing software solutions based on time-of-flight sensors at the University of Lübeck since 2002. Together they founded Gestigon in 2011 with seed-funding from High-Tech Gründerfonds, Mittelständische Beteiligungsgesellschaft Schleswig-Holstein and local business angels.
In March 2012, Moritz von Grotthuss joined the company as advisor and later rose to CEO. In the same month, Gestigon was 1 of 15 companies that received an Innovation Award at CeBIT 2012.
In January 2013, Gestigon participated at CES in Las Vegas and, later that year, also at TechCrunch Disrupt in New York City. The next year Visteon and Volkswagen used Gestigon's gestures solutions in their products presented at CES 2014. It won the CeBIT Innovation Award again in 2014.
Gestigon's technologies were included Audi at CES 2015 and CES 2016; Volkswagen and Infineon. Gestigon launched its Virtual Reality solution Carnival at the TechCrunch Disrupt in San Francisco in September 2015, using an Oculus Rift and different depth sensors. The first demo using a mobile device was done at the CES in 2015. In 2015, Gestigon partnered with Inuitive, a 3D computer vision and image processors developer, to create a VR unit. The system was presented at CES 2016 assembled on an Oculus Rift development kit.
In July 2015, Gestigon closed its Series A financing round from with nbr technology ventures GmbH as a primary investor headed by Fabian von Kuenheim and High-Tech Gründerfonds and Vorwerk Direct Selling Ventures. Fabian von Kuenheim became chairman of the advisory board which was also composed of the German entrepreneur Holger G. Weiss and the French investor Gunnar Graef. In March 2017, Gestigon was acquired by French automotive supplier, Valeo. In March 2017, Gestion developed software that recognizes driving gestures.

## Products

Gestigon develops software that works with 3D sensors to recognize human gestures, poses and biometrical features in real time, such as:
* Gecko, a feature tracker that tracks an individual and measures their biometric features,
* Flamenco, a piece of software for finger and hand gesture control,
* Carnival SDK, software for augmented reality and virtual reality, which allows users to see and use their hands in virtual interfaces.
Gestigon's solutions are based on skeleton recognition. Their software recognizes body parts in 3D data to make the recognition faster and more accurate.
# Geylang East Constituency

Geylang East Constituency was a constituency in Singapore. It used to exist from 1959 to 1980.

## Member of Parliament

| Election | Member of Parliament | Party |
| Legislative Assembly of Singapore ||||
| 1959 | Mohamed Ismail bin Abdul Rahim | PAP |
| 1963 | | |
| Parliament of Singapore ||||
| 1968 | | PAP |
| 1972 | | |
| 1976 | | |
| 1980 | | |

## Elections

Note : Elections Department Singapore do not include rejected votes for calculation of candidate's vote share. Hence, the total of all candidates' vote share will be 100%.

### Elections in 1950s

General Election 1959: Geylang East :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | PAP | Mohamed Ismail bin Abdul Rahim | 7,153 | 51.95 | |
| | SPA | Ng Cheng Chwee | 5,775 | 41.94 | |
| | Independent | Mak Pak Shee | 842 | 6.11 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 15,562 | 88.5 | N/A |
| | PAP win (new seat) | PAP win (new seat) | PAP win (new seat) | PAP win (new seat) | PAP win (new seat) |
# Gervase of Melkley

Gervase of Melkley or Gervase of Melkeley (born c. 1185, fl. 1200–1219) was an Anglo-Norman scholar and poet.

## Biography

Gervais was born in England c. 1185.
Around 1200, he studied in France, probably in Rouen, under poet John of Hauville.
He spent his adult life in England, where he is last attested in 1219.
English chronicler Matthew Paris mentions him as an astrologer and an authority for the life of Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury. Paris also describes him as the author of the epitaph on William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, who died in 1219.
In his work, he refers to himself as Gervasius de Saltu Lacteo.

## Ars versificaria

He wrote Ars versificaria (The Art of Versifying) c. 1208–1216 (possibly, in 1215–1216), using both classical and medieval sources. Targeted at young students of rhetoric, it includes a list of recommended reading and mainly discusses rhetorical and grammatical figures, with examples, and gives some notes on word formation. It is also known as Ars poetica and De arte versificatoria et modo dictandi.
The book consists of three parts. The first part discusses basic principles common to all types of discourse. The second part is devoted to composition, discussing proverbs, elegance of style, arguments, rules of verse and prose composition. The third part deals with letter-writing.
Among his sources are ancient authors Horace (Ars Poetica), Cicero (De Inventione), Aelius Donatus (Barbarismus) and Juvenal, as well as Bernard Silvestris's Cosmographia, Alain of Lille's Anticlaudianus, John of Hauville's Architrenius, and Geoffrey of Vinsauf's Poetria nova. He also quotes the Book of Psalms and some of his own short poems.
The book is dedicated to a certain Johannes Albus.
The manuscript is conserved in Balliol College, Oxford (MS. Balliol, 276).

## Poems

As well as in Ars versificaria, his poems also survive in an early thirteenth-century collection of poetry known as Hunterian Anthology. Apart from works by Gervase, the anthology also includes works by Matthew of Vendôme, Geoffrey of Vinsauf, and some poems of unknown authorship.
His known poems, most of them in elegiac couplets, include:
* "Parmenidis rupes", where he prays that he be granted understanding of Aristotelian complexities.
* "Magnus Alexander", in praise of John de Gray, Bishop of Norwich. Writing in 1200, he congratulates Norwich on the newly elected bishop and compares de Gray to John the Baptist and John the Apostle.
* A long poem about Ovidian lovers Pyramus and Thisbe, known only from an incomplete copy. It was probably written when Gervase was a schoolboy, as a rhetorical exercise.
* "In honorem matris Dei", to Virgin Mary, his only known rhythmical poem.