OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kesagami Lake

Kesagami Lake is a lake of Cochrane District, in Northeastern Ontario, in Canada. It is a shallow lake that was formed assumedly by glacial erosion and unique for its size in the James Bay area. Entirely protected within Kesagami Provincial Park, it is notable in particular for its trophy pike and walleye fishing.
The lake, formerly also called Mesackamee or Mesackamy Lake, was home to a Hudson's Bay Company trading post, called Mesackamee House, between 1777 and 1780. George Atkinson, Peter Liske, William Thomas, and William Robinson were sent there from Moose Factory along with two indigenous families to settle the area in order to protect business at Abitibi from competitors. The post was abandoned by October 1779.
Fish species in Kesagami Lake include burbot, herring, northern pike, common white sucker and longnose sucker, perch, walleye, and lake whitefish.

## Description

The lake is irregularly shaped with some long and large bays; from its wide open northern portion three large bays stretch off to the south, including Opimiskau Bay, which measures about 8.0 by 6.4 kilometres (5 by 4 mi), and Newnham Bay, that is 37 kilometres (23 mi) long. Three short bays extend to the north. The Kesagami River enters the most eastern of the large southern bays (Newnham Bay) and flows out by the most eastern of the small northern bays (Kochichi Bay). With shores unprotected either by large forests or significant hills, the lake is exposed to the continual sweep of storms from James Bay.
Its shores are almost entirely surrounded by peat cliffs which have long been recognized as "exceptional". These cliffs, that comprise not only the shores of the mainland but also those of the main islands, rise above the water sometimes only a few feet, but are often 3.7 to 4.3 m (12 to 14 ft) in height. The dash of waves on the soft, spongy material has worn away the banks to a marked degree, forming along the waterfront bizarre forms of overhanging cliffs, deep caves, caverns, thick columns, and pillars. From time to time huge sections of these cliffs fall off, and are soon worn to a black powder, which is washed up and down by the surf along the shore. At many locations along the shore where peat beds do not appear, only sphagnum grows. The surrounding terrain area is flat, poorly drained and dominated by peat bogs, muskegs and large fen-meadows.
The exposed points, such as those between the bays, are long, narrow gravel spits from which all the peat has been removed. Many of the smaller points, as well as a portion of the eastern coast south of the lake's outlet, are heaped with large rolled gallet. The bays often have narrow sand beaches bordering the shore, covering the base of the peat cliffs. At a few points the stratum beneath the peat is exposed, and is composed of a hard dense, almost boulderless bluish clay, evidently glacial.
# João Armando Gonçalves

João Armando Pereira Gonçalves, ComIH of Figueira da Foz, Portugal (born 19 September 1963) is the former chairperson of the World Scout Committee, the main executive body of the World Organization of the Scout Movement. He was a member of the European Scout Committee for a period of six years, elected in 2004 and again in 2007, and was elected to the World Scout Committee at the 39th World Scout Conference in Brazil in January 2011. He was re-elected to the committee at the 40th World Scout Conference in Ljubljana, Slovenia in 2014.
Gonçalves started in his local Scout group in 1976, and is a member of the Corpo Nacional de Escutas – Escutismo Católico Português of the Federação Escotista de Portugal. He participated in the 1995 World Jamboree in the Netherlands, took office in the National Team of the CNE in 2000 as the national commissioner of the Rover branch (Caminheiros), and served as director of the first Roverway, held in Portugal in 2003. Later he was installed as the International Commissioner of the CNE.
In 2018, João was awarded the 363rd Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting.
In 2018, João was awarded the Silver World Award a distinguished service award of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA).
# Boldewijn

Boldewijn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Enzio Boldewijn (born 1992), Dutch footballer
* Geraldo Boldewijn (born 1991), American football player
* Lucien Boldewijn (born 1971), Dutch basketball player
# Eidsiva Energi

Eidsiva Energi is a Norwegian energy company based in Hamar with large sections of Oppland and Hedmark as core market, and is the largest producer, distributor and trader of electricity in both counties. The corporation had a revenue of NOK 3.5 billion and market capitalization of NOK 9 billion in 2006. It is owned by Hedmark County as well as by 25 municipalities.
The corporation is decentralised and has ten division offices in the two counties, while the head office is located in downtown Hamar, while the customer centre is located in Kongsvinger. It has 163,000 power- and grid customers as well as an electricity production of 3.2 TWh, all hydroelectricity, from 20 wholly owned and 24 partially owned power plants. It also operates 20,000 kilometers of power grid including 10,000 net stations and transformers. It also holds a 39.6% stake in Moelven Industrier.

## History

The company was established in July 2000 when Lillehammer og Gausdal Energiverk and Hamar-regionen Energiverk merged their respective grid- and trade divisions. On June 6, 2001 Eidsiva Energi and Hedmark Energi merged their grid- and trade divisions. On April 15, 2004 the three lower companies merged and thus creating one large corporation called Eidsiva energi Holding AS that included industrial investments and energy production. On April 28, 2005 the company bought Mjøskraft and Mjøskraft Strøm from Hafslund and changed its name to Eidsiva Energi AS in December. In September 2006 it took over the power plants from Vannkraft Øst and Oppland Energi.
* Norway portal
* Energy portal
# Laurids Lindenov

Laurids Lindenov (1640s – 10 October 1690) was a Danish nobleman and civil servant in Norway.
He was probably born at Funen, Denmark. He was the a son of landowner Henrik Ottesen Lindenov (1602-1673) and Beate Christoffersdatter Ulfeldt (1610-1676) The traditional education of a young nobleman included a lengthy study at universities throughout Europe. After he returned to Denmark, he served at the Court of Christian V, with the title of hoffjunker, and as chamberlain for Duchess Frederica Amalia of Holstein-Gottorp. During the Scanian War against Sweden in 1676, Lindenov war commissioner in Skåne.
Lindenov came to Norway in 1681 where served as acting governor (amtmann) of Bergenhus amt in Norway. During a travel in 1690 his ship wrecked near Sola in Jæren off the coast of Rogaland, where both Lindenov and his wife perished.
# Fraxinus papillosa

Fraxinus papillosa, the Chihuahuan ash, is a species of flowering plant in the family Oleaceae, native to the deserts of Mexico and the southwestern United States. A small tree, it usually is found growing in canyon bottoms and on north-facing slopes.
# British and Colonial Films

British and Colonial Films was a British company making predominantly silent films in London between 1908 and 1924. It was also known by the abbreviation B & C.
The British and Colonial Kinematograph Company was formed in 1908 by Albert Henry ("Bert") Bloomfield (c.1882–1933) and John Benjamin ("Mac") McDowell (1878–1954). At first it operated from a rented basement in central London, using a single camera and developing the negatives in McDowell's house, but soon moved to studios at Newstead House in East Finchley, London.
It developed a reputation for both documentaries and feature films, notably the Lieutenant Daring series, featuring Percy Morgan, and the Dick Turpin and Don Q films. By 1912 it had begun making longer films, such as Robin Hood Outlawed, and using location footage, some shot by Fred Burlingham. It also covered important news stories such as the funeral of Edward VII and the Coronation of George V, as well as major sporting fixtures. In 1910 the company made a film of the Canadian Pacific Railway and, in 1912, filmed the F.A. Cup Final and the Derby, as well as in Jamaica.
In 1913, after Bloomfield had left the company, the studio made what has been cited as "the first British epic film", The Battle of Waterloo. This was filmed by director Charles Weston at Irthlingborough in Northamptonshire. It was made "less as a drama and rather more as a recreation of historic actuality" and contained "elaborately recreated scenes... from the point of view of an ordinary soldier in the thick of the battle". It was nearly an hour and a half long – much longer than most others of the period – and was filmed using hundreds of extras, in five days, at a cost of £1,800, most of which McDowell raised by remortgaging the company. McDowell sold the British rights for £5,000, and raised even more from overseas rights. Two reels and a further fragment, representing roughly half of the film, are now preserved in the BFI National Archive. A parody of the film, The Adventures of Pimple: The Battle of Waterloo, written and produced by Fred and Joe Evans, was produced and released within a month of the original film. In 1919, the director of The Battle of Waterloo, Charles Weston, jumped to his death from the 18th floor of the Aeolian Building in New York City.
The company moved to new studios in a converted ice skating rink in Walthamstow in 1913. For a time, it employed the exiled American director James Young Deer. In 1915, the company was one of several to take over British filming on the Western Front, later releasing footage as The Battle of the Somme.
The company filmed The Life of Shakespeare (1914), and two versions of The Taming of the Shrew, in 1915 and 1923. The first version is of historical interest for its use of a primitive sound process called Voxograph, which required offstage actors to dub the voices at the same time that the performers were filmed. The second version in 1923 is the earliest surviving British film, visualising the play in about 22 minutes, and retaining many of Shakespeare's lines as intertitles.
The company was wound up in 1924.
# Godfrey Ngwenya

General Godfrey Nhlanhla Ngwenya SBG DMG MMS (born 1950) is a former South African military commander and diplomat. He served as Chief of Joint Operations from 2001 to 2005, and Chief of the South African National Defence Force from 2005 until 2011.

## Early life

Godfrey Ngwenya was born in Johannesburg, South Africa, on 28 April 1950. He attended Orlando High School, where he matriculated in 1970. He joined the ANC and the ANC's Military Wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), at the height of the student uprisings in South Africa in 1976. While in exile he underwent military training in Angola and passed his further commanders' courses in the then German Democratic Republic and the Soviet Union. He has been married to his spouse Busi since 1984 and has 3 children, one of which is cult figure Duma Ngwenya.

## Military career

Ngwenya joined Umkhonto weSizwe (MK), the military wing of the African National Congress, in 1976, and commanded MK forces in Angola from 1983 to 1989. He transferred to the South African National Defence Force when MK was incorporated into it in 1994 and he was appointed as major general and served as Deputy General Officer Commanding of Witwatersrand Command in Johannesburg from 1994 to 1996.
From 1996 to 1998, Ngwenya was General Officer Commanding of the North West Command in Potchefstroom and from 1998 to the end of September 1999 Chief Director Force Preparation in the Army Office. He served as Deputy Chief of Joint Operations from 1 October 1999 to 31 December 2000. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general on 1 January 2001 and appointed as Chief of Joint Operations to 2005, when he was promoted to Chief of the South African National Defence Force.

## Ambassador to Angola

After retirement from the army, Ngwenya was appointed Ambassador to Angola.

## Awards and decorations

In May 2010, Ngwenya was awarded the United States Legion of Merit by then Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Admiral Mike Mullen. The award recognised Ngwenya's leadership during a time of transition in the South African military and his country's support of vital United Nations peacekeeping operations in Sudan, Burundi and Congo.
In addition, Ngwenya has been awarded the following medals and decorations:
* Star for Bravery (Gold) (SBG)
* Decoration for Merit (Gold) (DMG)
* Merit Medal (Silver) (MMS)
* South Africa Service Medal
* Operational Medal for Southern Africa
* Tshumelo Ikatelaho (General Service Medal)
* Unitas (Unity) Medal
* Medalje vir Troue Diens (Medal for Loyal Service) (30 Year Clasp)
* Service Medal (Silver)
* Service Medal (Bronze)
* Maluti Clasp (Operation BOLEAS)
* Legion of Merit (Commander) (LOM)
# Kesaia Tawai

Kesaia Tawai (born (1980-05-08)8 May 1980 in Levuka) was a Fijian female weightlifter, competing in the 63 kg category and representing Fiji at international competitions.
She participated at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the 63 kg event. She competed at world championships, most recently at the 1999 World Weightlifting Championships.

## Major results

| Year | Venue | Weight | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Total | Rank |
| Year | Venue | Weight | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | Total | Rank |
| Summer Olympics |||||||||||||
| 2000 | Sydney, Australia | 63 kg | | | | — | | | | — | | 9 |
| World Championships |||||||||||||
| 1999 | Piraeus, Greece | 63 kg | 72.5 | 72.5 | 77.5 | 30 | 85 | 90 | 90 | 30 | 157.5 | 28 |
# Journal of Composite Materials

The Journal of Composite Materials is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers the field of materials science. Its editor-in-chief is H.Thomas Hahn (UCLA). It was established in 1967 and is published by SAGE Publications in association with the American Society for Composites.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in Scopus and the Science Citation Index Expanded. According to the Journal Citation Reports, its 2020 impact factor is 2.591, ranking it 18th out of 28 journals in the category "Materials Science, Composites".
# Icana

Icana may refer to:
* Içana River, a river in South America
* Icana News Agency, news agency in Iran
# Bolderājas dzelzceļš

Bolderājas dzelzceļš (English: The Railroad of/to Bolderāja) is the full-length debut album by Latvian band Dzeltenie Pastnieki, following the demo recording Madonas galerts. It was released by means of magnitizdat in 1981, and 'officially' in 2003. The title of the album is commonly misspelt as Bolderājas dzelzsceļš – including on the officially released CD, cassette and LP.

## Track listing

* "Zaļais garais vilciens" (Ingus Baušķenieks/Juris Boiko) 7:28
* "Sliktā dziesma par zaķu salu" (Hardijs Lediņš/Boiko) 3:53
* "Čemodāns" (Baušķenieks/Lediņš) 5:47
* "Lai tu aizmirstu" (Baušķenieks) 4:47
* "Lokomotīve jūras krastā" (Lediņš) 2:41
* "Nāc ārā no ūdens" (Lediņš) 5:27
* "Avū avū baltas kājas" (trad., arr. Dzeltenie Pastnieki) 2:17
* "Trijos naktī" (Baušķenieks) 3:36
* "Mana kafejnīca ir salauzta" (Lediņš/Boiko) 4:02
* "Dzeltenais viltus pastnieks" (Viesturs Slava/Mārtiņš Rutkis/Lediņš) 4:38

## Credits

* Cover photography - Gvido Kajons
* Inlay photography - Vilnis Vītoliņš, Mārcis Bendiks

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog | Ref. |
| Latvia | October 24, 2003 | Ingus Baušķenieka ieraksti | CD | IBCD 201 | |
| Latvia | August 2007 | Ingus Baušķenieka ieraksti | digital download (MP3) | – | [3] [4] |
| Latvia | April 8, 2016 | Ingus Baušķenieka ieraksti | digital download (MP3, FLAC, etc.) | – | |
| US & Canada | November 1, 2017 | Vestibular Records | cassette | VR-004 |
| Latvia | February 2020 | Ingus Baušķenieka ieraksti | LP | IBLP 801 | |
# Domingo Ortega

Domingo Ortega (February 25, 1906 – May 8, 1988) was a Spanish matador. Born Domingo López Ortega in Borox, Toledo, he was the son of a farmer, and grew up helping with farm work. During months when there was no work on the farm, he would travel to other towns selling garlic.

## Career

In the summer of 1928, he went to a novillada, a bullfight of young bulls. During the fight, a bull injured the sole bullfighter present. Sensing an opportunity, Ortega jumped into the ring, asked for the bullfighter's tools, gave several passes, and killed the bull. The incident proved to be the start of a new career for him. In 1931, he had only performed in six novilladas when he received the alternativa — graduation from novillero to full matador de toros — from Gitanillo de Triana in Barcelona. The same year, his alternativa was confirmed by Nicanor Villalta in Madrid. He subsequently performed in many bullfights before retiring in 1950. He briefly came out of retirement for a period in 1953.
He is quoted as saying that the three canonical maxims of bullfighting, parar, templar y mandar ("to stop, to moderate, to command"), should be supplemented with a fourth: "to load," meaning the bullfighter should put his weight on his forward foot to put him closer to the bull. He said that a bullfighter being caught by the bull was always due to a mistake on the part of the bullfighter: "In bullfighting either the bullfighter or the bull is in command."

## Legacy

While most modern sources praise Ortega highly, Ernest Hemingway expressed a low opinion of him in Death in the Afternoon, describing him as "skillfully built up... with an elaborate press campaign and ballyhoo," and stating, "He was lousy". However Laura Riding refuted Hemingway's view strongly in her essay 'The Bull-Fight', calling Ortega "the critical modernist among contemporary bull-fighters" and saying "There are few books that have given me such a sense of learned simplicity as Ortega's work".
# Laurits Christian Meulengracht

Laurits Christian Meulengracht or Laurits Christopher Meulengracht (14 February 1837 – 9 April 1903) was a Danish businessman and brewer who became one of the wealthiest men in Denmark in the 19th century. He received the Order of the Dannebrog and Knight of the Dannebrog.
His father, Lars Christian Meulengracht, died six months before he was born so he grew up in his grandfather Harboe Meulengracht's house. At 15 years old he started an internship in the store of Malthe Conrad Lottrup, a local businessman who among other things owned a sizable brewery. In 1858 he was sent to Copenhagen to study trade further and in 1862 started a successful business in London. However, by 1870 his former mentor Lottrup had fallen ill and called Meulengracht home to take over management of Lottrup's Ceres Brewery.
Meulengracht took over the brewery and managed it during the course of his life. Initially he rationalized and bought new technology in the form of a steam engine. From 1872 to 1888, a large expansion program was undertaken which eventually made Ceres the largest brewery in Jutland and Meulengracht one of the wealthiest people in Aarhus. Tax records show he paid more in taxes than even contemporaries Otto Mønsted and Hans Broge. Meulengracht eventually moved into a new home on the Ceres complex which eventually became a social focal point for the local upper class. As an employer he was known for his ability to make opposing groups work together and privately Meulengracht was active in charity and advocacy work. In 1876 he was elected to the city council and held his seat for 14 years, working in numerous committees particularly on public works and infrastructure. Meulengracht was also one of the forces behind the establishment of Aarhus Theatre and he sat on the first board after it was opened.
Meulengracht died 9 April 1903 after a lengthy illness and during a healing trip to Monte Carlo. He was buried in Nordre Cemetery in Aarhus.

## Honors

Meulengracht had the official honorary title of etatsråd and he received the Order of the Dannebrog and Knight of the Dannebrog.
# Fraxinus platypoda

Fraxinus platypoda, the Chinese red ash, is a species of flowering plant in the family Oleaceae, native to central China, and Japan. In the latter stages of succession it often dominates the mountain riparian forest habitat in which it is found.
It has high resistance to the emerald ash borer. A slow-growing deciduous tree, it is used as a street tree in Aarhus, Denmark and Malmö, Sweden.
* Buds
* Bole
* Wood
# Goldstrike mine

Goldstrike is a gold mine in Eureka County in north-eastern Nevada. It is located on the Carlin Trend, a prolific gold mining district. It is owned and operated by Barrick Gold. Since Barrick acquired Goldstrike in 1986, until 2018 it produced 44.4 million ounces of gold.

## History

The first discovery of gold in the Goldstrike property was in 1962 by Atlas Minerals. Gold was first mined from the upper, well-oxidized portion of what became the Post deposit in 1975 by PanCana Minerals Ltd., in a small open-pit heap leach operation. In 1978, Western State Minerals Corporation entered into a joint venture (JV) with PanCana. The JV delineated ore reserves for the Post deposit in 1986. Barrick acquired 100% ownership of the property in December 1986, and mining started in 1987.

## Geology

The Goldstrike mine complex comprises the Betze-Post-Screamer and Meikle-Rodeo deposits. The Goldstrike mine adjoins Newmont Mining's Carlin mine complex. Goldstrike is northwest of the Carlin mine on the Carlin Trend.
Like most Carlin type gold deposits in Nevada the gold was epithermally deposited in carbonate or silicate sedimentary rocks. The heat source was magmatic but the exact mechanism is still under debate. The Betze-Post deposits are up to 6,000 feet (1,800 m) long, 600 feet (180 m) thick and 800 feet (240 m) wide. In 2018 the average gold grade was 0.109 troy ounces (3.4 g) per ton for open pit ore, and 0.274 troy ounces (8.5 g) per ton for underground pit ore, for a mine average of 0.230 troy ounces (7.2 g) per ton.

## Mining operations

The Goldstrike complex consists of three distinct mines: the large Betze-Post open-pit mine, and the Meikle and Rodeo underground mines. The ore from all three mines is milled, oxidized in either a roaster or an autoclave, then leached in either a carbon-in-leach (CIL) cyanidation circuit or a calcium thiosulfate circuit. The two treatment facilities treat ores from both the open pit and underground mines. Recovered gold is processed into doré on-site and shipped to outside refineries for processing into gold bullion.
In 2015 the Betze-Post open-pit mine produced 642,493 oz (18,214.4 kg) of gold and 87,223 oz (2,472.7 kg) of silver, while the Meikle-Rodeo underground operations yielded 411,003 oz (11,651.7 kg) of gold and 17,749 oz (503.2 kg) of silver. This was 24% of the total 5,339,659 oz (151,376.8 kg) output of all gold mining operations in Nevada for 2015. In 2018 Goldstrike produced 795,663 ounces of gold, making it the world's eighth largest gold mine.