OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Andrew Stone (MP)

Andrew Stone (4 February 1703 – 17 December 1773) was a significant figure in the British royal circle in the 18th century and a Member of Parliament.

## Biography

Stone was the eldest son of Andrew Stone, a London goldsmith and one of the founders of Martins Bank, and was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford. His brother was George Stone, Primate of All Ireland.
He became private secretary to the Duke of Newcastle in 1732, and was for many years on the most intimate and confidential terms both with the Duke and with his brother Henry Pelham. He was appointed Under-secretary of State in 1734, joint secretary to the Lords Justices in 1744, and was a Commissioner of Trade and Plantations from 1749 to 1761. He was also Secretary of Barbados from 1742, and registrar of Chancery in Jamaica from 1753, both of which offices he held until his death.
Despite being accused on Jacobite sympathies, Stone also gained a position of great personal influence with George II by whom he was made tutor and later secretary to Prince George, afterwards George III. On the accession of the latter to the throne, he was appointed treasurer to Queen Charlotte, and attaching himself to Lord Bute he became an influential member of the party known as The King's Friends, whose meetings were frequently held at his house. He promoted the preferment of his brother George, who went to Ireland as chaplain to the Lionel Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset.
He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Hastings from 1741 to 1761.
He died in 1773 at his home in Privy Garden, Whitehall, London and was buried in the nave of Westminster Abbey. He had married in 1743, Hannah, the daughter of Stephen Mauvillion of Tooting, and had a son, Thomas, who predeceased him. Both Thomas and his mother were also buried in the nave of the Abbey.
# Acrotriche

Acrotriche is a genus of about 18 species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae, occurring in all states of Australia except the Northern Territory. Plants in the genus Acrotriche are shrubs with hairy branchlets, leaves with more or less parallel veins and small flowers with 5 sepals and petals joined at the base to form a bell-shaped to cylindrical tube with hairs and stamens in the throat.

## Description

Plants in the genus Acrotriche are shrubs with branchlets with fine, soft or downy hairs, and leaves with short petioles and more or less parallel veins and a lighter shade of green on the lower surface. The flowers are small and bisexual, sessile or on a short spike in leaf axils with a bract and 2 bracteoles below the 5 sepals. The bracts, bracteoles and sepals are egg-shaped to almost round. The 5 petals are joined at the base to form a bell-shaped or cylindrical tube with 5 tufts of hair in the throat and the tube filled with nectar. The petal lobes are triangular with the anthers bent backwards between the lobes. The ovary is more or less spherical with 2 to 7 locules, each locule with one ovule. The fruit is a drupe with a pulpy mesocarp and a hard endocarp.

## Taxonomy

The genus Acrotriche was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown in his Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen. The genus name (Acrotriche) means "hair at the end".

### Species list

The following is a list of Acrotriche species accepted by Australian Plant Census as at April 2024:
* Acrotriche affinis DC. - ridged ground-berry (S.A., Vic., Tas.)
* Acrotriche aggregata R.Br. - red cluster heath, tall groundberry or tall acrotriche (Qld., N.S.W.)
* Acrotriche baileyana (Domin) J.M.Powell (Qld.)
* Acrotriche cordata (Labill.) R.Br. - coast ground-berry (W.A., S.A., Vic., Tas.)
* Acrotriche depressa R.Br. - wiry ground-berry (S.A., Vic.)
* Acrotriche divaricata R.Br. (N.S.W.)
* Acrotriche dura (Benth.) Quinn (W.A.)
* Acrotriche fasciculiflora (Regel) Benth. – pink ground-berry (S.A.)
* Acrotriche halmaturina B.R.Paterson (S.A.)
* Acrotriche lancifolia Hislop (W.A.)
* Acrotriche leucocarpa Jobson & Whiffin - tall acrotriche (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic.)
* Acrotriche orbicularis Hislop (W.A.)
* Acrotriche parviflora (Stschegl.) Hislop (W.A.)
* Acrotriche patula R.Br. (W.A., S.A.)
* Acrotriche prostrata F.Muell. - trailing ground-berry (Vic.)
* Acrotriche ramiflora R.Br. (W.A.)
* Acrotriche rigida B.R.Paterson (N.S.W.)
* Acrotriche serrulata R.Br. - honeypots (S.A., N.S.W., A.C.T, Vic., Tas.)
# Canton of Les Ulis

The canton of Les Ulis is an administrative division of the Essonne department, Île-de-France region, northern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Les Ulis.
It consists of the following communes:
* Gometz-le-Châtel
* Marcoussis
* Nozay
* Saint-Jean-de-Beauregard
* Les Ulis
* Villebon-sur-Yvette
* Villejust
# Buxton Watermill

Buxton Mill, is located on the River Bure about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) east of the village of Buxton, Norfolk, and is in the hamlet of Lamas, Norfolk. A watermill was recorded here in the Domesday Book. The present mill is thought to date from 1754 and was built by William Pepper, a merchant living in Buxton.

## Description

The present mill is built over four storeys and is brick built with weatherboard cladding. The east elevation has three bays with gables. There is a timber lucam (covered sack hoist) of shiplap construction on the top floor of the middle bay which oversails the road below.

### Power

At Buxton the river Bure was quite large with a powerful flow and with the diversion of the course there was a fall of 6 to 7 feet providing this mill with considerable power. The breastshot water wheel, which was sixteen foot, was installed in a separate brick built building which was located behind the mill house. This water wheel was replaced by a turbine in 1902. There was also a second waterwheel which was overshot using water that formed part of the Aylsham Navigation and gained its head by the close by lock system. The 1902 turbine was small and revolved at a much faster pace which removed the need several of the gear wheels which on larger, slow moving water wheels waste considerable power out-put. In 1965 this turbine was still producing 25% of the mill's power requirements. It had undergone a minor overhaul in 1930 and a major overhaul in the 1960s that would have left it capable of running for the next 40 years. The mills power was used to drive two and sometimes three pairs of millstones, which were in regular use for grinding animal food stuffs. Flour for household use was also produced and biscuit flour was milled using electrically powered roller milling machines.

### The Mill House

To the north side of the watermill stands the Mill House which was built in the Georgian period and has a fine ironwork porch. The rear section of the Mill House is thought to have been added soon after construction in the late 18th century, and is a former granary with corner posts, dragon beams and dragon braces.
To the eastern side lies the seventh largest private farm in England, owned by the Maynard Group
The mill was reconstructed after a devastating fire in Jan 1991 used as a case study covering the fire and the major reconstruction that followed. An excellent history can be found at Norfolk Mills. You can also stay in the apartments at the mill.
# Evan Hirschelman

Evan Hirschelman is an American classical guitarist and composer, born in Detroit, Michigan.
He is known as a classical composer who incorporates a wide range of musical styles into his writing. His music has been recorded by some of today's most respected musicians, including the Los Angeles Guitar Quartet and Chinese guitarist Xuefei Yang. His composition Lament and Wake is featured on the Grammy award-winning recording LAGQ's Guitar Heroes.
He is known as an expressive artist who integrates extended techniques such as tapping and slapping into his playing style. He has collaborated with diverse artists, including jazz-fusion pioneer Rick Laird of the Mahavishnu Orchestra, classical guitarist Scott Tennant, rock guitarist Paul Gilbert, and the late jazz guitarist Ted Greene. Hirschelman's recording Water in Darkness contains original and contemporary solo guitar works and duets.
Hirschelman is the author of Acoustic Artistry: Tapping, Slapping, and Percussion Techniques for Classical & Fingerstyle Guitar, published by Hal Leonard Corporation; which has been translated to multiple languages by De Haske Publications, Europe. Hal Leonard also released his book Classical Guitar Chops, which analyzes guitar technique throughout the history of classical guitar repertoire. His music is included in the newest edition of the guitar book Pumping Nylon. Hirschelman has served on the faculty at several colleges, including the Musicians Institute, and currently runs a private teaching studio and regularly gives masterclasses and workshops.

## Books

* Classical Guitar Chops: Essential Techniques and Exercises to Maximize Your Technique (Hal Leonard Publications)
* Acoustic Artistry: Tapping, Slapping, & Percussion Techniques for Classical & Fingerstyle Guitar (Hal Leonard Publications)
* Tapping Slapping & Percussion: Spieltechniken für die Akustikgitarre (De Haske Publications/Hal Leonard) - German language
* La Guitare Percussive: Tapping, Slap Et Techniques De Percussion Pour La Guitare Classique Et Folk (De Haske/Hal Leonard) - French language
* Akoestisch Meesterschap: Tapping, slapping en percussietechnieken voor klassieke & fingerstyle gitaar (De Haske/Hal Leonard) - Dutch language

## Compositions

* Pace and Approach
* Unfeathered As We Are
* May The Notes Be With You (2 movements)
* Minds that Go!
* 3 Meditations (3 movements)
* Homage to Michael Hedges
* Water in Darkness
* Shapeshifting (2 movements)
* Sextuplets on the Beach
* Giuliani on Acid
* Fleeting Movement
* Etude #1
* Fistful of Notes
* Ornamentality
* Tapping Etude # One
* Textures for Guitar Quartet (4 movements)
* Textures for Solo Guitar
# Carunchio

Carunchio is a comune and town in the province of Chieti in the Abruzzo region of Italy.

## History

The first mention dates back to 1173 in a papal bull that confirmed the boundaries of the diocese of Chieti. It was later held by the d'Avalos and Caracciolo families.
Formerly the town was in another area, perhaps in Taverna, but then was moved to where it is today in medieval times, because of raids by Saracens and Slavs.
# 2020 in Togo

The following events occurred in Togo in the year 2020.

## Incumbents

* President: Faure Gnassingbé
* Prime Minister: Komi Sélom Klassou

## Events

* 7 January – Emeritus Archbishop of Lomé, Philippe Fanoko Kossi Kpodzro, calls for the suspension the February 22 presidential election to pave the way for electoral reforms.
* 14 January – Authorities in Ivory Coast say they rescued 137 children from Benin, Ghana, Niger, Nigeria, and Togo, aged 6 to 17, who were the victims of traffickers and groomed to work on cocoa plantations or in prostitution.
* 22 January – Globeleq and the government of Togo sign an agreement to develop between 24MW and 30MW of reliable, low cost, 100% renewable energy to support Togo's industrial development.
* 22 February – 2020 Togolese presidential election: President Faure Gnassingbé of the Union for the Republic (UPR) is re-elected for his fourth term with 71% of the vote in the first round.
* 6 March – Togolese authorities announce the first COVID-19 case in the country, a 42-year-old Togolese woman who travelled between Germany, France, Turkey, and Benin before returning to Togo.
* 15 March – In a historic first, all Peace Corps volunteers worldwide are withdrawn from their host countries.
* 27 March – The first COVID-19 death occurs in the country.
* 27 April – Independence Day (from France, 1960)
* 25 May – Africa Day
* 14 September – COVID-19 pandemic in Togo: Togo receives 12 health workers sent by the government of Cuba.

## Deaths

* 11 April – Edem Kodjo, 81, politician, Prime Minister (1994–1996, 2005–2006) and Chairperson of the African Union Commission (1978–1983)
* 30 May – Yawovi Agboyibo, 76, politician, Prime Minister (2006–2007)
* 15 October – Fambaré Ouattara Natchaba, 75, politician, President of the National Assembly (2000–2005), Minister of Foreign Affairs (1992–1994) and MP (1994–2005).
# Cranial auscultation

Auscultation, a medical neurological procedure, can be performed upon the skull to check for intracranial bruits. Such a bruit may be found in such conditions as cerebral angioma, tumour of the glomus jugulare, intracranial aneurysm, meningioma, occlusion of the internal carotid artery, or increased intracranial pressure.

## Clinical observations

The following extract details a method of performing cranial auscultation:
   A bruit should be listened for, in quiet surroundings, over the skull and eyeballs, the latter situation being the most favourable for hearing the softest ones. The patient should be asked to close both eyes gently and the stethoscope firmly applied over one eye. During auscultation the other eye should be opened as in this way there is considerable diminution of eyelid flutter, which may cause confusion if rhythmical. Auscultation is then carried out over the other eye in a similar manner. If a murmur is not readily heard the patient should be asked to hold his breath. Finally auscultation should be carried out over the temporal fossæ and mastoid processes.
# Andrew Baxter

Andrew Baxter (1686/1687, Aberdeen – 23 April 1750, Whittingehame, East Lothian) was a Scottish metaphysician.

## Life

Baxter was educated at King's College, University of Aberdeen. He maintained himself by acting as tutor to noblemen's sons. From 1741 to 1747 he lived with Lord Blantyre and Mr Hay of Drummelzier at Utrecht, and made excursions in Flanders, France and the Holy Roman Empire. Returning to Scotland, he lived at Whittingehame, near Edinburgh, until his death in 1750. At Spa he had met John Wilkes, then twenty years old, and formed a lasting friendship with him.

## Writings

Baxter's chief work, An Inquiry into the Nature of the Human Soul (editions 1733, 1737 and 1745; with appendix added in 1750 in answer to an attack in Maclaurin's Account of Sir I. Newton's Philosophical Discoveries, and dedication to John Wilkes), examines the properties of matter. It described the one essential property of matter as its inactivity, vis inertiae (accepted later by Monboddo). All movement in matter is, therefore, caused by some immaterial force, namely, God. But the movements of the body are not analogous to the movements of matter; they are caused by a special immaterial force, the soul. The soul, as being immaterial, is immortal, and its consciousness does not depend upon its connection with the body. He claimed the argument was supported by an analysis of the phenomena of dreams, which are ascribed to direct spiritual influences. Lastly Baxter attempted to prove that matter is finite.
Baxter's Inquiry met rather different reactions. E.g. it was criticized by Benjamin Franklin in a letter which pointed on Baxter's lack of understand in mechanics, yet left a lasting impression on Samuel Taylor Coleridge, who said, 'I should not wonder if I found that Andrew had thought more on the subject of Dreams than any other of our Psychologists, Scotch or English'.
His work is an attack on John Toland's Letters to Serena (1704), which argued that motion is essential to matter, and on Locke and Berkeley. His criticism of Berkeley (in the second volume) is, however, based on the common misinterpretation of his theory. Sir Leslie Stephen described him as a curious example of "the effects of an exploded metaphysics on a feeble though ingenious intellect".
Baxter's ideas on dreams were contested by Thomas Branch in his Thoughts on Dreaming (1738).

## Works

* Some Reflections on a late Pamphlet called, The State of the Moral World Considered, 1732
* An enquiry into the nature of the human soul; wherein the immateriality of the soul is evinced from the principles of reason and philosophy, 1733
* Matho; or, The cosmotheoria puerilis, 1740
# 1860 Canterbury colonial by-election

A by-election for the seat of Canterbury in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly was held on 4 February 1860 because of the resignation of Edward Flood.

## Dates

| Date | Event |
| 16 January 1860 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and close of electoral rolls. |
| 31 January 1860 | Nominations |
| 4 February 1860 | Polling day |
| 7 February 1860 | Return of writ |

## Results

1860 Canterbury by-election Saturday 4 February :
| Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % |
| John Lucas (elected) | John Lucas (elected) | 713 | 70.7 |
| William Sherwin | William Sherwin | 249 | 24.7 |
| Maurice Reynolds | Maurice Reynolds | 46 | 4.6 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 1,008 | 100.0 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | 0 | 0.0 |
| Turnout | Turnout | 1,008 | 33.3 |
# Albion Township

Albion Township may refer to:

## Canada

* Albion Township, Ontario

## United States
### Arkansas

* Albion Township, White County, Arkansas, in White County, Arkansas

### Indiana

* Albion Township, Noble County, Indiana

### Iowa

* Albion Township, Butler County, Iowa
* Albion Township, Howard County, Iowa

### Kansas

* Albion Township, Barton County, Kansas
* Albion Township, Reno County, Kansas, in Reno County, Kansas
* Albion Township, Republic County, Kansas

### Michigan

* Albion Township, Michigan

### Minnesota

* Albion Township, Minnesota

### North Dakota

* Albion Township, Dickey County, North Dakota, in Dickey County, North Dakota
# Acmar, Alabama

Acmar is a former unincorporated community and neighborhood within the city of Moody in St. Clair County, in the U.S. state of Alabama.

## History

Henry F. DeBardeleben, founder of the Alabama Fuel & Iron Company (AFICO), opened two coal mines at Acmar. The mines were serviced by the Central of Georgia Railway, with coal production peaking in 1926. In October 1935, one miner was killed and six were injured when strikers belonging to the United Mine Workers of America attempted to drive into the mines. The mines at Acmar closed in 1951. The community was later annexed into the city of Moody.
A post office was established at Acmar in 1911, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1987. Acmar is a conjoin of the names Acton and Margaret AFICO also operated mines at both of these locations.
The Cahaba River originates near Acmar.

## Demographics
### Acmar Precinct (1930-50)

Acmar village has never reported a population figure separately on the U.S. Census as an unincorporated community. However, the 26th precinct within St. Clair County bore its name from 1930 to 1950. In the 1930 and 1940 returns, when the census recorded racial statistics for the precincts, both times reported a White majority for the precinct. In 1960, the precincts were merged and/or reorganized into census divisions (as part of a general reorganization of counties) and it was consolidated into the census division of Moody. The village itself was later annexed into the city of Moody.
# Canton of Lescar, Gave et Terres du Pont-Long

The canton of Lescar, Gave et Terres du Pont-Long is an administrative division of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, southwestern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Lons.
It consists of the following communes:
* Arbus
* Artiguelouve
* Lescar
* Lons
* Poey-de-Lescar
* Siros
* Uzein
# Carumonam

Carumonam (INN) is a monobactam antibiotic. It is very resistant to beta-lactamases, which means that it is more difficult for bacteria to break down using β-lactamase enzymes.
# 2019 in Indian sport

2019 in Indian sports describes the year's events in Indian sport.

## Events
### International events

* 16 November 2018 – 10 February 2019 – 2018–19 MRF Challenge Formula 2000 Championship event finished in Chennai.
* 31 December 2018 – 5 January 2019 – 2019 Maharashtra Open held in Pune. Rohan Bopanna and Divij Sharan won the doubles event.
* 4–10 February – 2019 Chennai Open Challenger, Chennai.
* 27 February – 3 March 2019 Indian Open Snooker, Kochi.
* 26–31 March – 2019 India Open Badminton, New Delhi.
* 6–15 June 2019 – 2018–19 Men's FIH Hockey Series Finals in Bhubaneswar. India won gold medal.
* 12–28 July – India participated in the 2019 World Aquatics Championships.
* 6–11 August – 2019 Hyderabad Open Badminton, Hyderabad. Sourabh Verma wins in men's singles.
* 27 September – 6 October – India participated in the 2019 World Athletics Championships.
* 18–27 October – India participated in the 2019 Military World Games.
* 11–17 November – 019 KPIT MSLTA Challenger Tennis, Pune. Purav Raja and Ramkumar Ramanathan won the doubles event.
* 26 November – 1 December – 2019 Syed Modi International, Lucknow.
* 1–10 December – India participated in the 2019 South Asian Games.
* 12–21 December – India participated in the 2019 Winter Deaflympics.

## Sports Leagues in 2019
### Domestic leagues

| League | Duration | Participation | Seasons | Winner/s |
| Premier Badminton League | December 2018 – January 2019 | 8 Clubs | Season 4 | Bengaluru Raptors |
| I League | 26 October 2018 – March 2019 | 10 Clubs | Season 12 | Chennai City |
| Pro Volleyball League | 2 February – 22 February | 6 Clubs | Season 1 | Chennai Spartans |
| Irani Cup | 12 February – 16 February | 2 Clubs | Season 57 | Vidarbha |
| Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy | 21 February – 14 March | 37 Clubs | Season 10 | Karnataka |
| Indian Premier League | 23 March – 12 May | 8 Clubs | Season 12 | Mumbai Indians |
| T20 Mumbai League | 14 May – 26 May | 8 Clubs | Season 2 | North Mumbai Panthers |
| Tamil Nadu Premier League | 19 July – 1 August | 8 Clubs | Season 4 | Chepauk Super Gillies |
| Karnataka Premier League | 16 August – 31 August | 7 Clubs | Season 8 | Hubli Tigers |
| Duleep Trophy | 17 August – 8 September | 3 Clubs | Season 58 | India Red |
| Pro Kabaddi League | 20 July – 19 October | 12 Clubs | Season 7 | Bengal Warriors |
| Vijay Hazare Trophy | 24 September – 25 October | 38 Clubs | Season 18 | Karnataka |
| Deodhar Trophy | 31 October – 4 November 2019 | 3 Clubs | Season 47 | India B |
| Indian Super League | 20 October 2019 – 8 March 2020 | 10 Clubs | Season 6 | ATK |
| Ranji Trophy | 9 December 2019 – 13 March 2020 | 38 Clubs | Season 86 | Saurashtra |