OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 188 BC

Year 188 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Messalla and Salinator (or, less frequently, year 566 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 188 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Greece

* The leader of the Achaean League, Philopoemen, enters northern Laconia with his army and a group of Spartan exiles. His army demolishes the wall that the former tyrant of Sparta, Nabis, has built around Sparta. Philopoemen then restores Spartan citizenship to the exiles and abolishes Spartan law, introducing Achaean law in its place. Sparta's role as a major power in Greece ends, while the Achaean League becomes the dominant power throughout the Peloponnese.

#### Roman Republic

* The continuing quarrels among the Greek cities and leagues increases the conviction in Rome that there will be no peace in Greece until Rome takes full control.
* Through the peace treaty of Apamea (in Phrygia), the Romans force the Seleucid king, Antiochus III, to surrender all his Greek and Anatolian possessions as far east as the Taurus Mountains, to pay 15,000 talents over a period of 12 years and to surrender to Rome the former Carthaginian general Hannibal, his elephants and his fleet, and furnish hostages, including the king's eldest son, Demetrius. Rome is now the master of the eastern Mediterranean while Antiochus III's empire is reduced to Syria, Mesopotamia, and western Iran.

#### Asia Minor

* Hannibal flees via Crete to the court of King Prusias I of Bithynia who is engaged in warfare with Rome's ally, King Eumenes II of Pergamum.
* Following the peace of Apamea, Eumenes II receives the provinces of Phrygia, Lydia, Lycia, Pisidia, and Pamphylia from his Roman allies, as the Romans have no desire to actually administer territory in Hellenistic Anatolia but want to see a strong, friendly state in Anatolia as a buffer zone against any possible Seleucid expansion in the future.

#### China

* Following the death of Emperor Hui of Han, his mother Empress Lü makes Hui's son Emperor Qianshao of Han and appoints members of her clan as kings, thereby establishing her effective control over China.

## Births

* Jing of Han, emperor of the Chinese Han dynasty, who ruled from 157 BC (d. 141 BC)

## Deaths

* Hui of Han, the second emperor of the Chinese Han dynasty, who ruled from 195 BC (b. 210 BC)
# 1879 Mudgee colonial election re-count

In March 1879 the Elections and Qualifications Committee overturned the 1879 Mudgee by-election, in which Richard Rouse had been declared elected by a margin of 1 vote over David Buchanan.
The committee declared that Richard Rouse had not been elected the member for Mudgee, however no by-election was conducted. Instead the committee declared that David Buchanan had been elected. No reasons were published however The Sydney Morning Herald stated that it appeared that the majority of Mr Rouse was created by illegal voting.

## Petition

Buchannan's supporters petitioned the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly against the return of Rouse, alleging that
* The returning officer illegally voted in the election and voted for Rouse;
* That a voter had left his vote for Rouse on the table and not placed it in the ballot box;
* The Poll Clerk at one booth did not appear until 10:00 am despite voting commencing at 9:00 am; and
* The electoral roll included two men under 21 years old who had voted for Rouse.

## Result

1879 Mudgee election re-count Thursday 20 March :
| Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % |
| David Buchanan (elected) | David Buchanan (elected) | N/A | |
| Richard Rouse (defeated) | Richard Rouse (defeated) | N/A | |
# 1901 William & Mary Orange and White football team

The 1901 William & Mary Orange and White football team in Virginia, United States represented William & Mary during the 1901 college football season.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 22 | Old Point Comfort | Williamsburg, VA | W 11–6 |
| October 29 | Randolph–Macon | Williamsburg, VA | T 0–0 |
| November 9 | Richmond | Williamsburg, VA (rivalry) | L 11–26 |
| November 16 | Fredericksburg | Williamsburg, VA | W 6–0 |
# 1906 in association football

The following are the football (soccer) events of the year 1906 throughout the world.

## Events

* 2 March : Deportivo de La Coruña is founded.
* 1 July : Portuguese Club, Sporting CP is founded.
* 10 October : Spezia Calcio is founded.
* 3 December : Torino is founded.

## Winners club national championship

* Italy: A.C. Milan
* Greece: Ethnikos G.S. Athens (First Greek Champion
* Paraguay: Club Guaraní
* England: Liverpool F.C.
* Scotland: For fuller coverage, see 1905-06 in Scottish football.
** Scottish Division One – Celtic
** Scottish Division Two – Leith Athletic
** Scottish Cup – Hearts

## International tournaments

* 1906 British Home Championship (27 February – 7 April 1906)
       Shared by England & Scotland

## Births

* 5 January– Fonseca e Castro, Portuguese footballer
* 22 January– Harry Swaby, English professional footballer (died 1982)
* 7 March – Len Hargreaves, English professional footballer (died 1980)
* 1 May – Fernando Giudicelli, Brazilian international footballer (died 1968)
* 30 July – Alexis Thépot, French international footballer (died 1989)
* 4 September – Alwyne Wilks, English professional footballer
* 8 October – Hans Stubb, German international footballer (died 1973)
* 14 December – Clifford Heap, English professional footballer (died 1984)

## Clubs founded

* Deportivo de La Coruña
* Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C.
* RC Lens
* Spezia Calcio
* Sporting CP
* Terrassa FC
* Torino FC
* Neftçi PFK
# 1903 Georgia Bulldogs football team

The 1903 Georgia Bulldogs football team represented the University of Georgia during the 1903 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The Bulldogs completed the season with a 3–4 record. Georgia lost to Clemson, but beat rivals Georgia Tech and Auburn. This was the Georgia Bulldogs' first season under the guidance of head coach Marvin M. Dickinson.
John Heisman last year as head coach of Clemson was 1903. During his four years at Clemson, Georgia was unable to muster a single win, was shut out twice and scored only 10 points. While Heisman was head coach of Auburn, Georgia had fared a little better, managing a win and a tie and recording a 1–2–1 record. Nevertheless, during the eight meetings with Heisman-coached teams from 1895 to 1903, Georgia was 1–6–1.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 10 | Clemson | Herty FieldAthens, GA (rivalry) | L 0–29 |
| October 17 | South Carolina* | Herty FieldAthens, GA (rivalry) | L 0–17 |
| October 24 | at Georgia Tech | Piedmont ParkAtlanta, GA (rivalry) | W 38–0 |
| October 31 | vs. Vanderbilt | Brisbine ParkAtlanta, GA (rivalry) | L 0–33 |
| November 7 | at Tennessee | Baldwin ParkKnoxville, TN (rivalry) | W 5–0 |
| November 14 | at Savannah Athletic Association* | Bolton Street ParkSavannah, GA | L 0–6 |
| November 26 | vs. Auburn | Brisbane ParkAtlanta, GA (rivalry) | W 22–13 |
| *Non-conference game |||||
# 1910–11 Drake Bulldogs men's basketball team

The 1910–11 Drake Bulldogs men's basketball team represented Drake University in the 1910–11 college basketball season. The team was led by first-year head coach A. R. Hackett. They finished with a 0–12 (0–8 Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MVIAA)) record the previous season. That had them placing third out of three teams in the MVIAA North Division. During the 1910–11 school year Washington St. Louis did not field a team, so the MVIAA did not sponsor divisions for this school year.

## Schedule

Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association standing: 5th :
| Date | Opponent* | Location | Result | Overall | Conference |
| Regular season games ||||||||
| January 11, 1911 | Grinnell College | Away | L 17–38 | 0–1 | |
| January 21, 1911 | Iowa | Away | L 20–30 | 0–2 | |
| January 24, 1911 | Grinnell College | Home | L 14–30 | 0–3 | |
| February 4, 1911 | Iowa State College | Away | L 23–47 | 0–4 | 0–1 |
| February 10, 1911 | Iowa State College | Home | L 19–23 | 0–5 | 0–2 |
| February 23, 1911 | Iowa | Home | L 15–21 | 0–6 | 0–2 |
| All times are in EST. Conference games in bold. ||||||||
# 1st Tank Section (Australia)

The 1st Tank Section was an Australian Army armoured unit formed in 1930 equipped with the Vickers Medium Mark II medium tank.
The unit was raised in February 1930 and was based at Randwick, New South Wales. Training was undertaken at Greenhills part of the Liverpool Military Area, Sydney. The unit was disbanded in November 1937 with the men and equipment transferring to the newly created 1st Light Tank Company.

## Commanding Officer

* Captain E T Penfold

## Citations

* 1 2 "1st Tank Section". Australian Armour. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
* ↑ "Australian War Memorial, photograph 133675". Archived from the original on 29 August 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
# Agricol Moureau

Agricol Moureau (born 1766, Avignon - died 1842, Aix-en-Provence) was a figure in the French Revolution. Defrocked as a priest, he became a Jacobin, edited the Courrier d'Avignon, set up the département of Vaucluse, acted as the French Directory's administrator of Vaucluse, became a member of the Council of Five Hundred and finally was made a commissioner of the Directory to Paris. He was nicknamed "the Sans-culotte of Le Midi".
# Akosombo Port

The Akosombo Port is a port on Lake Volta. It is located near the Akosombo Dam at Akosombo.
# Gracilanja

Gracilanja is a monotypic moth genus in the family Eupterotidae erected by Thierry Bouyer in 2011. Its single species, Gracilanja gracilis, was described by Francis Walker in 1855. It is found in Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Sierra Leone and Uganda.
Adults are pale fawn, the wings partly clouded with pale brown and with two oblique very slender nearly straight brown bands, which are most distinct on the forewings. The hindwings have a testaceous (terracotta color) undulating band between the outer brown band and the exterior border.
# David Spiller

David Spiller (28 August 1942 - 5 June 2018) was a British artist whose work was influenced by Pop Art and often featured Disney cartoon characters.
# List of storms named Shirley

The name Shirley has been used to name nine tropical cyclones in the western Pacific Ocean and one tropical cyclone in the Australian basin.
In the Western Pacific Ocean:
* Tropical Storm Shirley (1952)
* Typhoon Shirley (1957)
* Typhoon Shirley (1960)
* Typhoon Shirley (1963)
* Super Typhoon Shirley (1965)
* Typhoon Shirley (1968)
* Typhoon Shirley (1971)
* Typhoon Shirley (1974)
* Tropical Storm Shirley (1978)
In the Australian region:
* Cyclone Shirley (1966)
* Cyclone Shirley (1975)
# Alma Bella (group)

Alma Bella is a female Peruvian cumbia group that was created in 2000.

## Biography

This musical group has 10 years of artistic life. During this time, the group has always been a leader among women's groups in Peru. Almost 200 songs recorded summarize the successful career of Alma Bella.
Topics such as: Bombon asesino, Mermelada, Evidencias, Atrévete, Me ilusioné, Aventura, Amiga Mía, Dile, Lejos de Ti, Me Engañaste, Mi Delirio, many other successes have made this group in not only the audience favorite but also Peru abroad.
United States, Spain, Italy, Switzerland, Sweden, Costa Rica, Bolivia, Argentina, Chile and others permanently enjoy the artistic merits of this female quintet.

## Current members

Emily Vargas, Veronica Privat Shirley Mendoza and Yolanda Medina.

## Hits

* Reina de la cumbia
* Mermelada
* Bombón Asesino
* Atrévete
* Aventura
* Evidencias
* Amor entre mujeres
* Malo Malo
* Mentiroso
# Castle of Lousa

Castelo da Lousa is a castle located in Mourão, Évora. It is classified as a national monument of Portugal since 1970.
# Anna Woltz

Anna Woltz (born 29 December 1981) is a Dutch writer of children's literature.

## Early life

Woltz was born in 1981 in London, United Kingdom. Her father is Wout Woltz who was the editor-in-chief of NRC Handelsblad between 1983 and 1989.

## Career

In 2006, Woltz co-authored the book Post uit de oorlog with her father based on his experiences during World War II.
In 2015, Woltz received the Nienke van Hichtum-prijs for her children's book Honderd uur nacht (2014), a story inspired by Woltz's time in New York City when Hurricane Sandy struck the city. A year later, Woltz received the Gouden Griffel award for her book Gips (2015). Woltz also received the Zilveren Griffel award in 2016 for Gips and in 2017 she received the same award for her book Alaska.
Her book Mijn bijzonder rare week met Tess (2013) was awarded the Thea Beckmanprijs and in 2019 it was adapted to film by Steven Wouterlood. The film adaptation, internationally titled My Extraordinary Summer with Tess, won the Grand Prize Feature Film Award at the 2019 New York International Children's Film Festival.
In 2022, her book De tunnel was nominated for the Flemish literary award Boon in the category children's literature.
Woltz was also the author of Haaientanden, the Kinderboekenweekgeschenk published during the Kinderboekenweek of 2019.

## Personal life

She studied history in Leiden, Netherlands.

## Awards

* 2012: Thea Beckmanprijs, Ik kan nog steeds niet vliegen
* 2015: Nienke van Hichtum-prijs, Honderd uur nacht
* 2016: Gouden Griffel, Gips
* 2016: Kleine Cervantes, Honderd uur nacht
* 2017: Zilveren Griffel, Alaska
# Cashen Bay

Cashen Bay is located on the estuary of the River Feale in County Kerry, Ireland. The village of Ballyduff overlooks the bay. It has been a minor harbour for many centuries.
A small number of inhabitants live the area called "The Cashen". A long seawall, up to 7 feet high in places, protects the shoreline community at both sides of the "mouth" of the River Feale.
Ballybunion Golf Course is located on the north side of the Cashen Bay. A salmon fishery is also located on the bay's north side.
# Cassady (grape)

Cassady is a grape variety which is greenish-white in color. It is related to the "Fox Grape", Vitis labrusca, and it is an offspring of an open pollination variant of V. labrusca, which means that it is classified as an interspecific crossing, a hybrid grape. It was first described in the Interim Fruit Report of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society in November, 1853. The first Cassady grapevine sprang up as a volunteer (unplanted) seedling in the yard of P.H. Cassady at 29 Logan Square, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1847. It did not bear fruit for five years, but when it finally did, the grapes it produced were found by Cassady to be juicy, pleasantly flavoured, and of very good quality. The Cassady grape was propagated and subsequently crossed with the better-known Concord grape to produce a new white grape variety, the Niagara grape, which is the cultivar most commonly used for the production of white grape juice in North America.
The original description of the Cassady grape was published in November 1853 on page 563 of The Magazine of Horticulture, Botany, and All Useful Discoveries and Improvements in Rural Affairs, Vol. XIX, 1853:
   ART. III. Societies.
   PENNSYLVANIA HORTICULTURAL. Ad Interim Fruit Report, for November, 1853. — Since the October meeting of the Society, the following fruits have been forwarded to the Fruit Committee for examination : —
   From P. H. Casaady, 29 Logan Square, two varieties of grapes.
   1. The Cassady. — An accidental seedling white grape, with native leaf, and dark purplish wood, that sprung up in Mr. Cassady's yard in 1847, and fruited in 1852 for the first time. Bunch, of medium size, tolerably compact, and sometimes shouldered. Berry, below medium, five-eighths of an inch in diameter ; form round ; color, greenish white with occasionally a faint salmon tint, and thickly covered with white bloom ; flesh, juicy with but little pulp; flavor, pleasant; quality "very good."

## Synonyms

Cassady is also known under the synonyms Arcott, Arnott, and Arrott.
# Cassagnabère-Tournas

Cassagnabère-Tournas is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.
# Anne Liddell

Anne Liddell may refer to:
* Ann Liddell (c. 1686 – 1735 or later), British political commentator
* Anne FitzPatrick (née Liddell, c. 1738–1804), first wife of Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton
# Carry-over motion

In the Parliament of the United Kingdom, a carry-over motion or carry-over bill is a form of motion. Ordinarily a bill that does not receive royal assent by the end of the parliamentary session fails; to become an Act, it must be re-introduced in the following session. A carry-over motion allows the bill to continue its progress at the start of the following session rather than having to start the legislative process again. The bill can still fail notwithstanding a carry-over if an early election is called.
Some restrictions apply:
* Only government bills can be carried over; backbench and opposition bills cannot be subjected to such a motion.
* Bills introduced in the House of Lords cannot be carried over. (Additionally, the Lords has no procedure of its own for carrying bills over.)
* Bills can only be carried over once; a bill that was carried over from a previous session cannot be carried over again.
* A slightly different procedure applies to "bills brought in upon a ways and means resolution", i.e. money bills.
# Castle of Molina de Aragón

The Castle of Molina de Aragón (also called alcázar or alcazaba) is a fortification in Molina de Aragón, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It was declared Bien de Interés Cultural in 1931.
It is located on a hill commanding the surrounding valley, and is formed by an external line of walls with four gates and numerous towers, which defends the internal fortress. The latter has six towers, of which four are currently in good conditions. Originally, the line of towers included a village. It originated as a Moorish fortress (10th-11th century), built over a pre-existing Celtiberian castle. The fortress was used as residence of the lords of the taifa of Molina. El Cid resided here when he was exiled from Castile. In 1129 it was conquered from the Moors by Alfonso I of Aragon, who gave it the Lara family.

## Sources

* Castillos de España. León: Editorial Everest. 1997.
# Castle of Montalbán

39°45′11″N 4°25′26″W﻿ / ﻿39.75306°N 4.42389°W﻿ / 39.75306; -4.42389
The Castle of Montalban (Castillo de Montalbán) is a castle in San Martín de Montalbán, province of Toledo, Spain, that stands 100 metres above the Torcón river The castle has been owned by the Duchy of Osuna since the 15th century and was declared a historic monument in 1931. The Asociación Hispania Nostra has included the castle on the 'Lista Roja del Patrimonio', a list of historic heritage at risk.
# Caterina Coromina i Agustí

Caterina Coromina i Agustí (Oristà, 19 October 1824 – Vic, 11 Juli 1893) was a Spanish religious woman and founder of the Josephine Sisters, an order which works for the elderly and the poor. She is recognized as venerable by the Catholic Church.

## Biography
### Childhood and youth

Caterina Coromina was born in 1824 on a farm in the parish of Santa Eulàlia de Pardines, in a family of modest means. She did not attend school and spent her childhood working on the land with her eleven brothers. Her environment was strict and pious, which influenced her greatly.

### Adult life

She desired a religious life ever since she was young but was unable to because she lacked a dowry. In 1852, at age 28, family circumstances forced her to enter domestic service for the next nineteen years. At first she was employed on a farm; later she did the household for a priest, where she probably learned to read by way of The Imitation of Christ, a reading that allowed her to deepen her personal piety. Later she worked for various other families in Vic.

### Service to the poor, foundation of an order

Caterina Coromina decided to stop working and fulfill her mission. She rented a place and began to live a religious life and minister to the sick, with medicine donated by the local pharmacist.
Starting in 1877 she began to take in others, and with three women she began a communal life, founding the order of the Josephine Sisters, approved by the bishop of Vic, Mgr. Colomer, who became its spiritual director.
The group experienced such poverty that it fell apart, but it reconstituted itself after a year. The first religious vows were spoken in 1881, after which the community experienced growth and expanded throughout Catalonia—to Ripoll, Vilassar de Dalt, Manlleu, Torellà, Martorell, and Vilanova i la Geltrú.
The arrival of new nuns who were better educated than Caterina Coromina caused some friction in the community beginning in 1886, and in the end the community's leadership was taken from her. She rededicated herself to poverty, and died in Vic in 1893.

## Beatification

Her case for beatification was opened, and her heroism and virtues recognized. Pope Benedict XVI declared her venerable in 2006.
# Cartazzi axle

A Cartazzi axle is a design of leading or trailing wheel support used worldwide. The design was used extensively on the former LNER's Pacific steam locomotives and named after its inventor F.J. Cartazzi, formerly of the Great Northern Railway. It should not be confused with a pony truck as it does not pivot at all. The axle does, however, have sideways play built in to accommodate tight curves. Cartazzi's design causes the weight of the locomotive to exert a self-centring action on the trailing wheels.
The Cartazzi design was also sometimes applied to driving wheel axles on longer wheelbase locomotives.

## Modelling

On small scale models the trailing wheels of Cartazzi-axled locomotives are often flangeless to allow negotiation of tighter, non-prototypical curves, or the Cartazzi axle has been replaced with a pony truck for the same reason.
# Catholic University of Santiago del Estero

The Catholic University of Santiago del Estero (UCSE) is an institution created by a group of lay Catholics in collaboration with the Congregation of the Brothers of Mercy, and was inaugurated on June 21, 1960, as the Instituto Universitario San José de Ciencias Políticas, Sociales y Económicas.
Its main, Santiago del Estero campus was built in 1979, and the institution maintains campuses in San Salvador de Jujuy (1993), Olivos (1994), and Rafaela (1997). The main campus is known for its arboretum, the Estación Experimental Fernández, which features over 15,000 trees (jacarandas, silk floss, tipas, pau d'arco, prosopis, and casuarinas, among others).
27°47′25″S 64°14′38″W﻿ / ﻿27.79028°S 64.24389°W﻿ / -27.79028; -64.24389
* This Argentine university, college, or tertiary institution related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Annfred, West Virginia

Annfred is an unincorporated community in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States.
The name Annfred is a portmanteau of Anna and Fred, honoring a railroad worker and his wife.
# Annfinnur í Skála

Annfinnur í Skála (born 20 September 1941 in Tórshavn, Faroe Islands) is a Faroese writer. He holds an MA in history and English and has taught at the Faroese upper secondary school since 1975.