OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Addison Van Name

Addison Van Name (November 15, 1835 – September 29, 1922) was an American philologist and librarian, serving as University Librarian of Yale University from 1865 to 1904, and was made librarian emeritus in 1905. He himself attended Yale, graduating as valedictorian in 1858. During his forty year tenure as University Librarian, the number of volumes in the Yale Library increased from 44,500 to 475,000. His field of specialty was Orientalia. He taught Hebrew at Yale for four years, and for many years was Librarian of the American Oriental Society.
He was a member of the Acorn Club, to which he was elected in 1901. He was also a member of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences.
He was married on August 19, 1867 in Berlin to Julia, daughter of Dr. Josiah Willard Gibbs, professor of sacred literature at Yale, and sister of Josiah Willard Gibbs, professor of mathematical physics at Yale. They had three children: Willard Gibbs Van Name, Theodora Van Name, and Ralph Gibbs Van Name.
Van Name, the last of Yale's pre-Civil War scholars, died in New Haven and was buried in Grove Street Cemetery.

## Works

* "Contributions to Creole Grammar" in Transactions of the American Philological Association (1869)
* Catalogue of the William Loring Andrews Collection of Early Books in the Library of Yale University (1913)
# Adawro exclosure

Adawro is an exclosure located in the Dogu'a Tembien woreda of the Tigray Region in Ethiopia. The area has been protected by the local community since 1994.

## Environmental characteristics

* Average slope gradient: 70%
* Aspect: the exclosure is oriented towards the northeast
* Minimum altitude: 2635 metres
* Maximum altitude: 2705 metres
* Lithology: Basalt

## Management

As a general rule, cattle ranging and wood harvesting are not allowed. The grasses are harvested once yearly and taken to the homesteads of the village to feed livestock. Physical soil and water conservation has been implemented to enhance infiltration, and vegetation growth.

## Benefits for the community

Setting aside such areas fits with the long-term vision of the communities were hiza’iti lands are set aside for use by the future generations. It has also direct benefits for the community:
* improved infiltration
* improved ground water availability
* honey production
* climate ameliorator (temperature, moisture)
* carbon sequestration, dominantly sequestered in the soil, and additionally in the woody vegetation)

## Water conservation

In the Adawro exclosure, more than 800 precise measurements were done in 2003 and 2004, using five runoff plots, where the volume of runoff was measured daily. The rock type (basalt), slope gradient and slope aspect were the same, the only difference was the land management and vegetation density. Whereas in degraded rangeland, 11.4% of the rainfall flows directly away to the river (runoff coefficient), this happens only for 2.5% of the rain in a recent exclosure and 3.2% in a eucalyptus forest. In 2003, the soils of the then young exclosure could hold 280 litres of water per m³, similar to the adjacent rangeland.

## Improved ecosystem

With vegetation growth, biodiversity in this exclosure has strongly improved: there is more varied vegetation and wildlife.

### Trees

The main tree species found in the exclosure are:
* Flat top acacia (Acacia abyssinica, renamed as Vachellia abyssinica)
* Golden wattle (Acacia saligna)
* Rumex nervosus, a woody sorrel species
* Aloe macrocarpa

### Soils

Main soil type in the exclosure are Phaeozems, formed in sediment that has been trapped by the vegetation of the exclosure, and as a remnant of the original situation before deforestation. Remarkably, also in the well-protected eucalypt plantation there is some undergrowth and soil development.
# Adejeania browni

Adejeania browni is a species of parasitic fly in the family Tachinidae.
# Adolfas Aleksejūnas

Adolfas Aleksejūnas (Адольфас Алексеюнас; born 27 June 1937) is a Lithuanian middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 3000 metres steeplechase at the 1964 Summer Olympics, representing the Soviet Union.
# Adolph Coors Foundation

The Adolph Coors Foundation was founded in 1975 with funds from the Adolph Coors Jr. Trust. Adolph Coors II was the son of the founder of the Coors Brewing Company in Golden, Colorado. The foundation has awarded $135.3 million USD since 1975. It focuses its efforts generally within the state of Colorado, but has also been used to fund national entities such as The Heritage Foundation.
In 1993, the foundation provided the endowment funds for the creation of the Castle Rock Foundation, which awards grants to causes throughout the United States. In part, the organization states that "All Americans are educated, particularly in the wisdom of the free enterprise system, traditional Judeo-Christian values and the rule of law."
# Adolph Coors II

Adolph Herman Joseph Coors Jr. (January 12, 1884 – June 28, 1970) was an American businessman. He was the son of Louisa (Webber) and brewer Adolph Coors, and the second President of Coors Brewing Company.

## Life and career

Coors was a graduate of Cornell University, where he was a member of the Sphinx Head Society and the Kappa Alpha Society. He became an accomplished chemist who worked in prominent positions in the family's brewing and porcelain operations. He married Alice May Kistler (1885–1970) of Denver on May 4, 1912, at the Kistler home by Rev. Van Arsdall. The couple had four children: Adolph Coors III (1915–1960) who was kidnapped and killed in 1960; William K. Coors (1916–2018), Joseph Coors (1917–2003), and May Louise Coors (1923–2008).
Coors had his own brush with kidnapping in 1934. Paul Robert Lane, the former state Prohibition agent for Colorado, and Clyde Culbertson, former investigator for the federal dry forces, along with two other men conspired to kidnap Adolph Jr. for a ransom of $50,000. The person delivering the money was to proceed to three different checkpoints to ensure no officers were tailing him and then split the money; Coors would be released somewhere around Colorado Springs. Denver police learned of the plot while working on an auto theft ring and Adolph Jr. volunteered to be kidnapped so the police could arrest the suspects. However, Lane was arrested on an auto theft charge and the conspiracy was foiled in advance.
Adolph Coors Jr. died in 1970 at the age of 86 years old.
# Adi Bulsara

Ardeshir "Adi" Ratan Bulsara (born 15 May 1951) is a scientist in the area nonlinear dynamics. The 2007 International Conference on Applied Nonlinear Dynamics (ICAND), held in Kauai, Hawaii, was a festschrift held in his honor of his 55th birthday.

## Honours

In 2004, Bulsara was elected to Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) for "developing the statistical mechanics of noisy nonlinear dynamical oscillators especially in the theory, application and technology of stochastic resonance detectors." His festschrift in honor of his 55th birthday, which, for logistic reasons, was held when he was 56.

## Books by Bulsara

* S. Baglio and A. Bulsara, (editors) Device Applications of Nonlinear Dynamics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2006, ISBN 3-540-33877-2
* A. Bulsara, Noise and Chaos in the RF SQUID, Office of Naval Research, 1992, ASIN B0006R2M5I
* A. Bulsara, Coupled Neural-Dendritic Processes: Cooperative Stochastic Effects and the Analysis of Spike Trains, Office of Naval Research, 1994, ASIN B0006R2O9C
* J. B. Kadtke and A. Bulsara, (editors) Applied Nonlinear Dynamics and Stochastic Systems Near the Millen[n]ium, 411, San Diego, CA, American Institute of Physics, Woodbury, N.Y., 1997, ISBN 1563967367
# Ado (Lagos Oba)

Oba Ado (original Bini name was Edo) who reigned from 1630-1669 was the second Oba of Lagos. He was son of Ashipa an Awori-Isheri Chieftain appointed as the first ruler of Eko by the Oba of Benin and a Daughter of the Oba of Benin. Ado's son, Gabaro was the third Oba of Lagos.

## Second Oba of Lagos

Ado collected yearly tributes from his subjects which in turn were remitted to the Oba of Benin as tribute.
# B. N. H. Orphoot

Burnett Naper Henderson Orphoot (1880–1964) was a Scottish architect specialising in building restoration. He was known as "Phootie". As an artist he was also known as an etcher and watercolourist. As an architect he was a traditionalist, but some of his villas adopting an Arts and Crafts style. His career was disrupted by the two World Wars.

## Life

He was born on 13 April 1880 at "The Priory" in Peebles the son of Thomas Henderson Orphoot (1833-1917), Sheriff Substitute of Lothian and Peebles, and his wife, Edith Carmichael Smyth Burnett, daughter of James Burnett of Barns. He was privately educated at Rugby School then studied architecture at Edinburgh University.
He was articled in the office of John More Dick Peddie and George Washington Browne from 1900 to 1903. In 1903 he moved to the offices of Robert Rowand Anderson for a year before going to Paris for two years to work with Gustave Umbdenstock also studying at the Ecole des Beaux Arts. In 1906 he joined the office of Mewes & Davis in London where he was entrusted with some major projects. He did not return to Edinburgh until 1910 when he set up independently at 25 Queensferry Street just off the west end of Princes Street. He was also able to maintain a London office.
In the First World War he joined the Royal Engineers. He returned to the Queensferry Street office in 1919 but closed his London office. In 1921 he went into partnership with F E Whiting.
In 1923 Ian Gordon Lindsay joined the partnership. This was disrupted when both Whiting and Lindsay joined up in the Second World War. Orphoot continued alone, but most projects dried up anyway. After the war Lindsay returned to the partnership. Orphoot continued in name only and did very little design work after 1945.
He officially retired in 1952 and died in Edinburgh on 8 April 1964.

## Restoration projects

* Finavon Castle
* Haystoun House near Peebles (1925)
* Arisaig House (after a fire)
* St Ninians RC Church in Tynet (1949)

## New build projects

* RAC Club, Pall Mall, London under Mewes & Davis (1908)
* Cavalry Club, Piccadilly, London under Mewes & Davis (1909)
* New frontage facing Thames at the Savoy Hotel in London (1910)
* Princess Theatre, Edinburgh (1911)
* Housing for Carnegie Trust in Dunfermline (1915)
* Peebles War Memorial (1922) with Reginald Fairlie
* Birnie House in Perthshire
* Clovelly Court in Devon
* Garrows House in Perthshire
* Lethendry in Edinburgh
* Garden City Housing Scheme in Bonnyrigg (1923)
* Dutch House, Budleigh Salterton (1924)
* Cuill in Edinburgh (1928)
* Greybeild in Peebles (1928)
* Well House, 3 Easter Belmont Road in Edinburgh (1928) for himself
* Bruce Hill in Edinburgh (1932)
* Regal Cinema, Barnstaple (1937)
* Harrow Inn, Peebles (1939)

## Artworks

* Cochem Castle
* Paris Street Scene (1907)

## Family

In 1915, Orphoot married Marjorie Harriet White (1878-1933), the daughter of Rev John Benny White of Devon.
He lived his later life with his sister at Well House. Well House is a listed building.
# Henderson v. United States (2015)

Henderson v. United States, 575 U.S. 622 (2015), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held a court-ordered transfer of a felon's lawfully owned firearms from government custody to a third party is not barred by §922(g) if the court is satisfied that the recipient will not give the felon control over the firearms, so that he could either use them or direct their use.

## Background

Former United States Border Patrol agent Tony Henderson was arrested for distributing marijuana and as a condition of bail had to turn his nineteen firearms over to the federal government. After Henderson was convicted and could no longer legally possess firearms, he sought to have the government release them to a friend whom he was selling the weapons to, or in lieu of that, his wife, so she could make the transfer. The government refused, stating that this gave Henderson constructive possession and violated the law.
Henderson then asked for the District Court to order the release of the firearms and it denied his motion. The Eleventh Circuit affirmed, and Henderson appealed it to the Supreme Court.

## Opinion of the Court

Justice Elena Kagan delivered the opinion for a unanimous court. Kagan noted that federal courts have equitable authority to order a federal law enforcement agency to return property belonging to the owner or the owner's designee. She then noted that § 922(g) did not prohibit a felon from transferring a firearm and that this was separate from possessing the firearm. A court may seek assurances that the transferee will not allow the felon to regain possession of the firearms, but may not generally prohibit the owner from transferring the weapons to another person.
# HMIS Investigator

HMIS Investigator (known as INS Investigator after independence) was a survey ship of the Royal Indian Navy. Launched as the cable layer Patrick Stewart in 1925, she was acquired by the RIN in 1934, serving in the surveying role until 1951, when she was sold.

## History

The cable ship CS Patrick Stewart was built by W. Simons of Renfrew in 1925 for the government-owned Indo-European Telegraph Company to replace an earlier ship of the same name, built in 1879. The cable laying equipment was supplied by Clarke, Chapman and Company. Patrick Stewart continued to serve with the IETC maintaining the Persian Gulf submarine cables until 1930, when the she was sold by the struggling IETC to the Eastern Telegraph Company amid serious financial problems.
After four years' service with the ETC, Patrick Stewart was sold to the Royal Indian Navy, converted to a survey ship, and renamed HMIS Investigator. Investigator served throughout the Second World War, being based at Calcutta in 1940 under the command of Martin Henry St. Leger Nott from 2 February 1940 to April of that year.
From 1941 onwards, she served as an anti-submarine patrol sloop. For this role, armament, including a 4.7 inch gun, was installed.
# Colt (horse)

A colt is a young male horse, usually below the age of four years.

## Description

The term "colt" only describes young male horses and is not to be confused with foal, which is a horse of either sex less than one year of age. Similarly, a yearling is a horse of either sex between the ages of one and two. A young female horse is called a filly, and a mare once she is an adult animal. In horse racing, particularly for Thoroughbreds in the United Kingdom, a colt is defined as an uncastrated male from the age of two up to and including the age of four.
The term is derived from Proto-Germanic *kultaz ("lump, bundle, offspring") and is etymologically related to "child."
An adult male horse, if left intact, is called either a "stallion" if used for breeding, or a horse (sometimes full horse); if castrated, it is called a gelding. In some cases, particularly informal nomenclature, a gelding under four years is still called a colt. A rig or ridgling is a male equine with a retained testicle or one which has been incompletely castrated.
In the wild, colts are driven from their herds by the herd stallion somewhere between the age of one and two. This may be, in part, an instinct to prevent inbreeding. When driven out, they usually join with other young stallions in a bachelor herd. They stay with this band until they are mature enough to form their own herd of mares. The terms "rag" or "rake" have been historically used to refer to a group of colts, but they have fallen out of modern usage.
# Florian Marinescu (canoeist)

Florian Marinescu is a Romanian sprint canoer who competed from the early 1980s. He won a silver medal in the K-4 10000 m event at the 1982 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Belgrade.
# Enam, Afghanistan

Enām is a hamlet in Pul-i Alam District, Logar Province, in eastern Afghanistan. Located at an altitude of about 54 metres, Enam lies about 1 mile southeast of Shulak and some 4 miles northwest of Babus.

## Name

The full name of the hamlet is Qal'ah-ye Mullāh An'ām (Dari: قلعه ملا انعام) or Da Mullāh Enām kalaey (Pashto: د ملا انام کلي) meaning "the fort of Mullah An'ām" or "the fort of the beneficient mullah", which may refer to the originator of the hamlet.
# B. N. Datar

Balwantrao Nageshrao Datar, known as B. N. Datar (13 August 1894 – 13 February 1963) was an Indian educationist, politician and Union government minister.

## Early life and education

Datar was educated at Deccan College, Baroda College (now the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda) and the Government Law College, Mumbai, from which he qualified as a lawyer. From 1937 to 1942, he was a member of the Senate of the University of Bombay and a member of its Board of Studies in Kannada. He served on the academic council of Karnatak University from 1950 to 1952.

## Political career

In 1952, he was elected to the 1st Lok Sabha as a member of the Indian National Congress from the constituency of Belgaum North, holding this seat until the 1957 general election, when he was elected to the newly created seat of Belgaum. From August 1952 to February 1956, Datar was a deputy home minister in the Union government, with cabinet rank from February 1956 to April 1957. He then served as Minister of State for Home affairs until his death in office in February 1963.
| Year | Description |
| 1952 | Elected to 1st Lok Sabha Member of Parliament - Lok Sabha (1952–57) |
| 1957 | Elected to 2nd Lok Sabha Member of Parliament - Lok Sabha (1957–62) |
# Adrian Dohotaru

Adrian-Octavian Dohotaru (born 20 April 1983, Micești, Tureni, Cluj, Romania) is a Romanian politician, executive president of Green Party, author and civic environmental activist, deputy of the Cluj constituency between 2016 and 2020.

## Activism

He founded the Sustainable Organization S.O.S. through which he advocates for green public spaces, alternative mobility to car traffic, the right to decent housing or participatory budgeting. In 2022, he launched a book on participatory budgeting.

## Politics

Adrian Dohotaru, elected in 2016 on the lists of USR Cluj as deputy, resigned from the party in October 2017, one day after the former president of USR, Dan Barna, announced that he wanted USR to position itself in the center-right area. After resigning from USR, he remained independent for almost 4 years. He was elected executive chairman of the Green Party on Saturday 3 September 2022.

## Political position

Adrian Dohotaru is described as a leftist, eco-socialist politician.
# Andrew Edward Scougal

Dr Andrew Edward Scougal FRSE LLD (18 April 1846–6 November 1916) was a 19th-century Scottish civil servant who served as Chief Inspector of Schools 1901 to 1911.

## Life

Scougal was born in Rothesay on 18 April 1846, the son of James Scougal.
The family relocated to Leith Walk in Edinburgh in his youth, living at 13 Pilrig Street. He was educated at Edinburgh Academy and the Edinburgh Institution. He then studied at the University of Edinburgh graduating with an MA in 1865. In 1869 he joined the civil service as a school inspector and rose to become the Chief Inspector of Schools by 1901.
In 1889 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Sir German Sims Woodhead, Alexander Bruce, Peter Guthrie Tait and Robert McNair Ferguson.
He lived his later life at 1 Wester Coates Avenue, a semi-detached villa in Edinburgh's West End, immediately adjacent to Donaldson's School.
The University of Edinburgh awarded him with an honorary doctorate (LLD) in 1908.
He died in Edinburgh on 4 November 1916, and was buried in Dean Cemetery on 6 November. The grave lies in the south-east section.

## Family

He married Annie Halley Cowan (1853-1925).
At least two of their sons joined the British Army: Lt Col Alex Graham Scougal (1888-1918) and Major Francis William Scougal (1884-1918). They were killed on consecutive days (18/19 September) but in different battles in the closing weeks of World War I.
A third son Harry James Scougal (1880-1907) was a scholar who studied at Cambridge University and Jena in Germany. He was an expert on John Dury.
# Hendrikje Fitz

Hendrikje Fitz (15 September 1961 – 7 April 2016) was a German actress best known for her role as Pia Heilmann on the ARD soap opera In aller Freundschaft.

## Films

* 1989: Reise hinter den Spiegel
* 1990: Das Haus am Watt
* 1998: Die Cleveren (television series, ep. "Du stirbst, wie ich es will")
* 1998–2016: In aller Freundschaft (television series)
* 2000: Fieber – Ärzte für das Leben (television series, ep. "Wettlauf mit dem Tod")
* 2000: Tatort: Tödliches Verlangen (television)
* 2001: Alphateam – Die Lebensretter im OP (television series, ep. "Viel Rauch um Nichts")
* 2001: Ist gut jetzt
* 2002: Wolffs Revier (television series)
* 2002: Dr. Sommerfeld – Neues vom Bülowbogen (television series, ep. "Hektik, Panik, Erotik")
* 2002: Ripley's Game
* 2004: Männer im gefährlichen Alter
* 2011: In aller Freundschaft: Was wirklich zählt [de]
* 2014: Stuttgart Homicide (television series, ep. "Bunker")
* 2015: Das perfekte Promi-Dinner (television show)
* 2015: Los Veganeros

## Death

Hendrikje Fitz died in 2016 from cancer, aged 55.
# Adrian Dorber

Adrian John Dorber (born 23 September 1952) is a British retired Anglican priest. From 2005 until his retirement in March 2023, he was the Dean of Lichfield Cathedral in the Church of England.

## Early life and education

Dorber was born on 23 September 1952. He was educated at St John's College, Durham (BA, 1974) and King's College London (MTh, 1991).

## Ordained ministry

Dorber was ordained in the Church of England as a deacon in 1979 and as a priest in 1980. His first post was a curacy at St Michael and St Mary Magdalene's Church in Easthampstead, Berkshire after which he was Priest in charge at St Barnabas, Emmer Green. From 1985 to 1997 he was Chaplain of Portsmouth Polytechnic then, when its status changed, Portsmouth University. He was Director of Ministries and Training in the Diocese of Durham before his elevation to the Deanery as Dean of Lichfield on 24 September 2005. Dorber retired effective 31 March 2023.
# Compo Company

Compo Company Ltd. was Canada's first independent record company.
The Compo Company was founded in 1918 in Lachine, Quebec, by Herbert Berliner, an executive of Berliner Gramophone of Canada and the oldest son of disc record inventor Emile Berliner.
Compo was created to serve the several American independent record companies which wanted to distribute records in Canada, such as Okeh Records. Its initial business was pressing records in Canada for these companies. Herbert Berliner broke with Berliner Gramophone in 1921, taking several senior Berliner Gramophone executives with him. This allowed Compo to immediately expand into a full-fledged record company by establishing the Sun and Apex record labels, among others. Apex was the longest lasting of the Compo labels, lasting into the 1970s.
Compo was one of only two Canadian record companies to survive the Great Depression. RCA Victor Records of Canada—formerly Berliner Gramophone—was the other (it is currently the oldest Canadian label that forms part of Sony Music Entertainment in Canada).
Warner Bros. Records used Compo as its Canadian distributor until it established its own Canadian branch in 1967. That branch later became Warner Music Canada.
In 1935, Compo became the Canadian licensee for the American Decca Records. American Decca bought Compo in 1951 with Berliner staying on as president until his death in 1966. MCA Inc. acquired Compo when it acquired American Decca. Compo was renamed MCA Records (Canada) in 1970. The company eventually evolved into Universal Music Canada.
# Enallagma vesperum

Enallagma vesperum, the vesper bluet, is a species of narrow-winged damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae. It is found in southern Canada and central and eastern United States.
The IUCN conservation status of Enallagma vesperum is "least concern", with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable.