OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Carl Schweninger the Younger

Carl Schweninger the Younger (17 May 1854 – 27 December 1912) was an Austrian painter.

## Life

Carl Schweninger was born in Vienna, Austria and came from a Viennese artist family. He was the son of the painter Carl Schweninger the Elder and brother of the painter Rosa Schweninger. He learned painting first from his father, then he studied from 1871 to 1873 with Karl Mayer at the general painting school of the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna. After completing his studies, he went on a trip to Germany, where he also continued his studies at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich.
In 1883, he exhibited his work The Pocket Player at the International Art Exhibition in the Munich Glass Palace.
Carl Schweninger mainly painted Rococo genre scenes. Many of his pictures have been published in magazines such as Die Gartenlaube, Ueber Land und Meer, and Moderne Kunst. He also crafted sculptures.
Schweninger created illustrations for the poetry of German poets, such as Ferdinand Freiligrath's O lieb 'as long as you can love and Joseph Victor von Scheffel's Der Trompeter von Säckingen.

## Gallery

* Couple in Moonshine
* Surrounded by Angels
* Mother's Happiness
* Happy Family
* Gallant Company in the Castle Park
* Young Tambourine-player
* The Rendezvous

## Literature

* In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . vol 30 : Scheffel – Siemerding . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1936, p. 380.
* H. Grimm: Schweninger, Carl d. J. (1854-1912). In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 12, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7001-3580-7 , p. 48.
# G4231 Nanjing–Jiujiang Expressway

The G4231 Nanjing–Jiujiang Expressway (Chinese: 南京—九江高速公路), also referred to as the Ningjiu Expressway (Chinese: 宁九高速公路), is an under construction expressway in China that connects the cities of Nanjing, Jiangsu to Jiujiang, Jiangxi.

## Route

The expressway starts in Pukou District, Nanjing and passes through He County, Jiujiang District, Hanshan County, Jiujiang District, Wuwei, Jiaoqu District, Zongyang County, Yixiu District, Huaining County, Daguan District, Wangjiang County, Susong County and ends in Jiujiang. The route travels through the provinces of Anhui, Jiangsu and Jiangxi.
# Governor Cockburn

Governor Cockburn may refer to:
* Sir James Cockburn, 9th Baronet (1771–1852), Governor of Bermuda from 1811 to 1812, from 1814 to 1816 and from 1817 to 1819
* Francis Cockburn (1780–1868), Governor of the Bahamas from 1837 to 1844
# Elliott Browne (cricketer)

Elliott Browne (10 October 1847 – 10 March 1915) was an English cricketer. He played four matches for Gloucestershire in 1872. His brother Gerald was also a first-class cricketer.
He was the elder son of William Kenworthy Browne of Goldington. His father died in 1859 after a horse-riding accident; he was educated at Rugby School, from 1863, with his brother. He matriculated at New College, Oxford in 1866, graduating B.A. in 1870 and M.A. in 1881. He became vicar of North Stoneham.
# Aganampudi

Aganampudi is a suburb of the city of Visakhapatnam state of Andhra Pradesh, India.

## About

Aganampudi is one of the important suburbs in Visakhapatnam with many industries and engineering colleges situated there. Gajuwaka RTO office is located in this area. This area sits adjacent to the township of Visakhapatnam steel plant.

## Transport

It is well connected with Gajuwaka, NAD X Road, Malkapuram, Dwaraka Nagar and Visakhapatnam Steel Plant. Many local people here are working in steel plants. Nearest Railway station is Duvvada which is 4 km from here. NH 16 (chennai-kolkata Highway) passes through this village.

### APSRTC routes

| Route Number | Start | End | Via |
| 500 | Anakapalle | RTC Complex | Lankelapalem, Kurmannaplem, Old Gajuwaka, BHPV, Airport, NAD Kotharoad, Birla Junction, Gurudwar |
| 500Y | Yalamanchili | RTC Complex | Anakapalle, Lankelapalem, Kurmannaplem, Old Gajuwaka, BHPV, Airport, NAD Kotharoad, Birla Junction, Gurudwar |
| 500A | Achutapuram | RTC Complex | Anakapalle, Lankelapalem, Kurmannaplem, Old Gajuwaka, BHPV, Airport, NAD Kotharoad, Birla Junction, Gurudwar |
| 777 | Achutapuram | RTC Complex | Anakapalle, Lankelapalem, Kurmannaplem, Old Gajuwaka, BHPV, Airport, NAD Kotharoad, Birla Junction, Gurudwar |
| 99A/C | Chodavaram | RK Beach | Anakapalle, Lankelapalem, Kurmannaplem, Old Gajuwaka, New Gajuwaka, Malkapuram, Scindia, Town Kotharoad, Jagadamba |
| 400N | Vada Chipurupalle | Maddilapalem | Parawada, Lankelapalem, Kurmannaplem, Old Gajuwaka, New Gajuwaka, Malkapuram, Scindia, Railway Station, RTC Complex |
| 64A | Swayambhuvaram | Collector Office | Lankelapalem, Kurmannaplem, Old Gajuwaka, New Gajuwaka, Malkapuram, Scindia, Town Kotharoad, Jagadamba |
| 77 | Thanam | Collector Office | Lankelapalem, Kurmannaplem, Old Gajuwaka, New Gajuwaka, Malkapuram, Scindia, Town Kotharoad, Jagadamba |
| 77T | Thadi | Collector Office | Lankelapalem, Kurmannaplem, Old Gajuwaka, New Gajuwaka, Malkapuram, Scindia, Town Kotharoad, Jagadamba |
# 443 (disambiguation)

The number 443 may refer to:
* 443 AD
* 443 BC
* 400 (number) § 443
* Area code 443, in the state of Maryland
* MP-443 Grach, a Russian pistol
* TCP port 443, the default port for HTTPS network traffic
# George W. Tibbetts

George W. Tibbetts (January 22, 1845 – March 8, 1924) was a merchant and hops farmer in Washington during the mid-to-late 19th century. He was known as a critic of Chinese labor being used in place of white labor.

## Riot in Issaquah

Tibbetts served as Justice of the Peace in Squak, Washington, which is present day Issaquah. He gave a firsthand account to early historian of the west Hubert Howe Bancroft of the violence against Chinese hops pickers on the night of September 7, 1885 in Squak.
Tibbetts was charged as an accessory in relation to the case because he refused to help the Chinese on their way to the Wold brothers' farm but nothing ever came of the charges.

## Tibbetts in the lodges

Before the violence of 1885 Tibbetts helped found multiple lodges around the region. In October 1874 he helped charter one of the King County's earliest Patrons of Husbandry lodges. Later, after the violence at Squak, he chartered several other lodges in the Issaquah area. By the time it was called Gilman, no longer Squak, Tibbetts was a charter member of the Gilman Odd Fellows Lodge. In 1890 he was an original member of the Knights of Pythias lodge in Issaquah.

## Mercantile work

Tibbetts owned several businesses in Issaquah and was a well known merchant. In 1881 he built a large store and a hotel on his farm. The next year he established a stage coach line from Newcastle to Squak and eventually to North Bend. He operated his coach line in conjunction with the Columbia and Puget Sound Railroad.
After the town of Squak/Gilman/Issaquah was platted Tibbetts built a two story building and moved his business into it. This was Issquah's first mercantile house, it would later be occupied by the Issaquah Coal Company.
In 1878 Tibbetts took over as town Postmaster from William Pickering, who had served since 1870. Tibbetts moved the post office into his store and remained in the position until 1886. In 1888 he, along with Isaac Cooper, Thomas Rowley and William Moore organized the Issaquah Water Company.
# 1858 in India

"none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events in the year 1858 in India. Act of Parliament 1858

## Incumbents

* Charles Canning, Governor-General, afterwards Viceroy

## Events

* January – General Sir Hugh Rose begins the Central India campaign; Sir Colin Campbell begins the campaign to recapture Lucknow; trial of Bahadur Shah, King of Delhi, from 27 January
* February – General Rose relieves Saugor; Campbell's Army of Oudh assembles on the Kanpur-Lucknow road to await Jang Bahadur's Gurkha army
* March – Lucknow is recaptured on 21 March; Central India campaign continues
* April – Battle of the Betwa; the city of Jhansi is stormed and captured (3–6 April); Azamgarh recaptured; advance on Kalpi (25 April); Campbell begins reconquest of Rohilkhand; Koer Singh leads a rising in Bihar; after his defeat he dies of his wounds
* May – Battle of Bareilly followed by its recapture; Battle of Kunch; recapture of Jagdispur; reoccupation of Kalpi; Battle of Mohamdi (24 May) and end of resistance in Rohilkhand; rebels begin guerrilla war in the jungle; Tatya Tope and the Rani of Jhansi outside Gwalior
* June – Gwalior army deserts to the rebels and Tatya Tope and the Rani of Jhansi seize Gwalior; General Rose marches from the Kalpi to Gwalior arriving on the 16th; next day the battle of Kotah-i-Serai and on the 19th the Battle of Gwalior; Gwalior fortress recaptured; during June guerrilla forces in Oudh, Bihar and along the Nepalese frontier are suppressed
* July to December – suppression of guerrilla forces except in Rajputana and Central India
* October to November – Bahadur Shah travels from Delhi into exile at Rangoon
* 1 November – the end of the British East India Company's rule in India is proclaimed

### Dates unknown

* Achipudava Samaram led by Arattupuzha Velayudha Panicker in Alleppey, Travancore.

## Law

* August - Government of India Act 1878

## Births

* 20 July - Baba Sawan Singh, Second Satguru of Radha Soami Satsang Beas (died 2 April 1948).
* 9 July – Kaikhusrau Jahan, Begum of Bhopal (died 12 May 1930)
* 7 November – Bipin Chandra Pal (died 1932)
* 30 November – Jagadish Chandra Bose, physicist, biologist, botanist, archaeologist and science fiction writer (died 1937).

## Deaths

* Rani of Jhansi Lakshmibai, Queen of Jhansi State (d. 18 June at Gwalior, now Madhya Pradesh)
* Nawab Majju Khan, Indian freedom fighter.
# Lamina emergent mechanism

Lamina Emergent Mechanisms (also known as LEMs) are more commonly referred to as "Pop-up Mechanisms" as seen in "pop-up-books". LEM is the technical term of such mechanisms or engineering. LEMs are a subset of compliant mechanisms fabricated from planar materials (lamina) and have motion emerging from the fabrication plane. LEMs use compliance, or the deflection of flexible members to achieve motion.

## Background

Ortho-Planar Mechanisms are an earlier concept similar to LEMs. More well known LEMs include pop-up books, flat-folding origami mechanisms, origami stents, and deployable mechanisms. The research in LEMs also overlaps with deployable structures, origami, kirigami, compliant mechanisms, microelectromechanical systems, packaging engineering, robotics, paper engineering, developable mechanisms, and more.
# Carl Schwaner

Carl Anton Ludwig Maria Schwaner (16 February 1817 in Mannheim – 30 March 1851 in Batavia) was a German geologist and naturalist.
He studied geology and mineralogy in Heidelberg, afterwards being associated with the museum of natural history in Leiden. In 1842, on a recommendation from Coenraad Jacob Temminck, he became a member of the Natuurkundige Commissie voor Nederlandsch Indië (Scientific commission of the Dutch East Indies).
He arrived in Batavia of the Dutch East Indies in August 1842, and following certain delays, traveled to Borneo in order to conduct geological investigations. From 1843 to 1848, he performed geological, topographical, zoological and ethnographical research on Borneo. From November 1847 to February 1848, he trekked from the southern town of Bandjermasin, through the interior of the island, to Pontianak on its western coast; thus becoming the first European to accomplish such a feat. In 1848 he returned to Batavia in order to evaluate his findings. Here he died three years later from a fever just prior to embarking on another scientific mission to Borneo.
He was founder of the Natuurkundige Vereeniging in Nederlandsch-Indië, serving as its president until late 1850. A small portion of his Indonesian collections later became part of the Rijksmuseum in Leiden. The Schwanergebirge (Schwaner Mountain Range) of Borneo is named in his honor.

## Associated writings

* Reis naar, en aanteekeningen betreffende de steenkolen van Batoe Belian : (Zuid-Oostkust van Borneo) (with JH Croockewit), 1847 - Travel to and notes made on the coal of Batu Belian: (southeast coast of Borneo).
* Historische, geografische en statistieke aanteekeningen betreffende Tanah Boemboe : aangetroffen onder de bij het Gouvernement van Nederlandsch-Indie¨ berustende papieren van C.A.L.M. Schwaner (edited by Elisa Netscher), 1851 - Historical, geographical and statistical notes made on Tanah Boemboe: found among the documents held by the Government of the Netherlands Indies, papers of C.A.L.M. Schwaner.
* Aanteekeningen betreffende eenige maatschappelijke instellingen en gebruiken der Dajaks van Doesson (edited by J H Croockewit), ca.1852 - Notes made on some social institutions and practices of the Dayaks of Doesson.
* Borneo: beschrijving van het stroomgebeid van den Barito, en reizen langs eenige voorname rivieren van het Zuid-Oosterlijk gedeelte van dat eiland (edited by Jan Pijnappel), 1853 - Borneo: description of the basin of the Barito River, and travel along some major rivers of the southeastern part of the island.
# GAMER Manpack

Saab’s GAMER Manpack is used in smaller military exercises when the instructor wants to have control of the exercise and at the same time be able to be near the action. The actual GAMER Manpack consists of a miniaturised radio base station and a laptop with an exercise-command-and-control system. These are small enough to be carried around in a backpack.
The instructor decides through the system what is to happen in the exercise, this is communicated through the radio. Information about what is happening during the exercise is sent back to the system through specific vests the soldiers are wearing (Personnel Detection Devices (PDD's)). In this way it is possible to control simulated minefields, indirect fires and simulated bombs.
The instructor then follows how each soldier acts as an individual and a member of the group. This movement is also saved and the information is then saved to be used in the evaluation of the exercise.
The system is used by the South African National Defence Force.
GAMER Manpack can also be used in civil training. For example, in 2009 the UK Ministry of Defence Police purchased three GAMER Manpacks and related products to be used in their training.
# Cuautitlán railway station

Cuautitlán is a commuter railway station serving the Ferrocarril Suburbano, a suburban rail that connects the State of Mexico with Mexico City. The station is located in the municipality of Cuautitlán, State of Mexico, north of Mexico City.

## General information

Cuautitlán station is located in the Paseos de Cuautitlán neighborhood in Cuautitlán and it is the seventh and last station of the system going northbound from Buenavista.

## History

The old Cuautitlán railway station was built around 1880; the new station was built 100 meters (330 ft) away from the old one. Cuautitlán station was opened on 5 January 2009 as part of the second stretch of system 1 of the Ferrocarril Suburbano, going towards Buenavista Station in Mexico City. On 1 April 2019, seven people robbed the station's ticket office.

## Station layout

| G | Street Level | Exits/Entrances |
| G Platforms | Northbound | Terminus |
| Island platform, doors will open on the left ||
| G Platforms | Southbound | → toward Buenavista (Tultitlán)→ |
# Governor Coles State Memorial

The Governor Coles State Memorial, also known as the Edward E. Coles Monument and the Governor Coles Monument, is a concrete memorial dedicated to Edward Coles, the second governor of Illinois (1822 to 1826). Erected between 1928-1929, the memorial features a bronze portrait of Coles sculpted by Leon Hermant, and is maintained by the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency as a state historic site. The memorial is located in Valley View Cemetery in Edwardsville, Illinois.
# Afrika Korps (disambiguation)

Afrika Korps was the German expeditionary force in Africa during World War II.
Afrika Korps may also refer to:
* Afrika Korps (game), a 1964 Avalon Hill board game
* Desert Rats vs. Afrika Korps, a 2004 real-time tactics video game
# 2024 Open de Rouen

The 2024 Open de Rouen (also known as the Open Capfinances Rouen Métropole for sponsorship reasons) was a professional women's tennis tournament played on indoor clay courts. It was the third edition of the tournament and part of the WTA 250 tournaments on the 2024 WTA Tour (an upgrade from the WTA 125 tournament status for the two previous editions). It will take place at the Kindarena Sports Complex in Rouen, France between 15 and 21 April 2024.

## Champions
### Singles

* Sloane Stephens def. Magda Linette, 6–1, 2–6, 6–2

### Doubles

* Tímea Babos / Irina Khromacheva def. Naiktha Bains / Maia Lumsden, 6–3, 6–4

## Singles main draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| | Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova | 22 | 1 |
| FRA | Caroline Garcia | 23 | 2 |
| UKR | Anhelina Kalinina | 32 | 3 |
| CHN | Yuan Yue | 38 | 4 |
| | Mirra Andreeva | 39 | 5 |
| USA | Sloane Stephens | 40 | 6 |
| FRA | Clara Burel | 44 | 7 |
| | Anna Blinkova | 45 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of 8 April 2024.

### Other entrants

The following players received a wildcard into the singles main draw:
* Elsa Jacquemot
* Naomi Osaka
* Alice Robbe
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Fiona Ferro
* Polina Kudermetova
* Robin Montgomery
* Elena-Gabriela Ruse
* Natalija Stevanović
* Katarina Zavatska

### Withdrawals

* Marie Bouzková → replaced by Anna Karolína Schmiedlová
* Lucia Bronzetti → replaced by Nao Hibino
* Sofia Kenin → replaced by Mayar Sherif
* Petra Martić → replaced by Nadia Podoroska
* Sara Sorribes Tormo → replaced by Varvara Gracheva
* Zhu Lin → replaced by Viktoriya Tomova

## Doubles main draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| JPN | Miyu Kato | ROU | Monica Niculescu | 76 | 1 |
| HUN | Tímea Babos | | Irina Khromacheva | 125 | 2 |
| ITA | Angelica Moratelli | ITA | Camilla Rosatello | 149 | 3 |
| | Lidziya Marozava | BEL | Kimberley Zimmermann | 154 | 4 |
* $^1$ Rankings as of 8 April 2024.

### Other entrants

The following pair received a wildcard into the doubles main draw:
* Alizé Cornet / Fiona Ferro
# Georgios Balarjishvili

Georgios Balarjishvili (born 23 September 2002) is a Cypriot judoka.
Balarjishvili won a gold medal at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in the 66 kg event after defeating Finlay Allan in the final. It was Cyprus' first ever Commonwealth Games gold medal in judo. He was also, at the age of nineteen, the second youngest winner ever beheind Craig Fallon in 2002. Prior to the Commonwealth Games, Balarjishvili had claimed a bronze medal at the Junior European Cup in Athens in 2022.
# Lance Rips

Lance Jeffrey Rips (born December 19, 1947) is an American psychologist and professor in the Department of Psychology at Northwestern University. Before joining Northwestern in 1994, he taught at the University of Chicago for nineteen years. His research has focused on human memory and deductive reasoning, among other topics. He received a Fulbright Fellowship in 2004 and 2005, and he was a Guggenheim Fellow in 2008. In addition, he is a fellow of the Cognitive Science Society, American Psychological Association, the Association for Psychological Science, and the Society of Experimental Psychologists.

## Research

Rips's research has ranged from studies of human concepts to reasoning and to autobiographical memory and survey methods. Along with Edward Smith, Edward Shoben, and Eleanor Rosch, he helped establish the role of prototypes in people's knowledge of natural categories. His experiments on prototypes in inductive reasoning started a stream of research on category-based inductive reasoning. Later work focused on deductive reasoning, developing a computational theory along the lines of natural deduction in logic. More recent work includes studies of number systems, concepts of individual objects, and explanation.

## Selected works
### Articles

* Rips, L. J. (2020). Possible objects: Topological approaches to individuation. Cognitive Science, 44(11).
* Rips, L. J., & Hespos, S. J. (2015). Divisions of the physical world: Concepts of objects and substances. Psychological Bulletin, 141, 786-811.
* Rips, L. J., & Thompson, S. (2014). Possible number systems. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, 14, 3-23.
* Rips, L. J., Bloomfield, A., & Asmuth, J. (2008). From numerical concepts to concepts of number. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 31, 623-642.
* Rips, L. J., Blok, S., & Newman, G. (2006). Tracing the identity of objects. Psychological Review, 113, 1-30.
* Rips, L. J. (2000). The cognitive nature of instantiation. Journal of Memory and Language, 43, 20-43.

### Authored books

* Rips, L. J. (2011). Lines of thought: Central concepts in cognitive psychology. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
* Tourangeau, R., Rips, L. J., & Rasinski, K. (2000). The psychology of survey response. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
* Rips, L. J. (1994). The psychology of proof: Deduction in human thinking. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
# Carmines

Carmines is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Al Carmines (1936–2005), American theatre composer
* Edward Carmines (born 1946), American political scientist
# Furdale

Furdale is an unincorporated community adjacent to the southern city limits of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, west of Highway 219 and on the east bank of the South Saskatchewan River. The hamlet's name comes from the many fur farms located in the area beginning around the 1930s.
Furdale primarily consists of acreages and luxury homes, and is considered a major bedroom community of Saskatoon. A similar unincorporated bedroom community, Grasswood Park, lies immediately to the east. Furdale is also the location of many of the Saskatoon area's major horse stable and breeding facilities. The province is planning to build a Perimeter Highway through Furdale in the coming years, which has sparked controversy among residents. Upgrades to Hwy. 219 (also known as Lorne Avenue) were completed during the summer of 2007 in order to handle the large amounts of traffic back and forth to the new Dakota Dunes Casino. An extension to the Circle Drive freeway, scheduled to open in 2013, will also benefit residents.
Furdale contains virtually no commercial or industrial development, with nearby Saskatoon offering these services. Furdale also relies on Saskatoon for its media, emergency services, etc.
Primary access to Furdale is via Lorne Avenue/Highway 219 from Saskatoon, and Grasswood Road from the east which provides a link to Highway 11.

## History

When the half section of land was first surveyed, it was granted to the Hudson Bay Company. It was farmed for a time before being sold, at which point it was subdivided and registered with the Land Titles Office as "Plan FN". Between 1910 and 1912 the land was developed as "Glencairn" and streets were laid.
In September 1958 the Furdale School opened on Haliburton Ave. There were 27 students in attendance during the first year. It operated under the Grasswood School Board and was a typical one-room school house with a single teacher instructing all grades.
The school closed in 1966 with the remaining students attending school in either Clavet or Saskatoon to complete their studies.

## Etymology

Around 1950, the community members of Glencairn came together to create a curling rink in a former dairy barn and called it the Furdale Curling Club, referencing the multiple fur farms located in the area beginning around the 1930s, including the Saskatoon Silver Fox Farm operated by Dr. R.H. MacDonald which was one of the largest in the area, consisting of more than 700 animals. During the 1950s Archie Campbell's Fur Farm was considered a prominent mink farm operation located in the Furdale area.[1]

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Furdale had a population of 181 living in 70 of its 72 total private dwellings, a change of -3.7% from its 2016 population of 188. With a land area of 1.99 km$^2$ (0.77 sq mi), it had a population density of 91.0/km$^2$ (235.6/sq mi) in 2021.