OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eastgate, County Durham

Eastgate is a village in the civil parish of Stanhope, in County Durham, England. It is situated in Weardale, a few miles west of Stanhope. In the 2001 census Eastgate had a population of 163.
Eastgate originally marked the eastern border of the private hunting park of the Prince Bishops of Durham. This was second in extent only to the royal hunting park of the New Forest in Hampshire.
To the west of Eastgate are a number of medieval sites. A suspected hunting lodge near Round Hill (Cambokeels) and a settlement site at Westerhopeburn. The latter is described as a hunting lodge or shielding and may be connected to the “Westirhirstshele” mentioned in Robert Strangeway's lease of the park in 1419 (described in the Calendar of Rolls of Bishop Booth). It was in use during the period when Strangeways and later his son held the grazing rights in the park. It may have been abandoned around 1458 when the lease was split up.
The hunting lodge and supposed chapel at Cambokeels may also have been part of the Strangeway’s estate. Excavations suggest a five-roomed building with pottery and coin evidence suggesting occupation between 1430-1460, and later pottery indicating secondary occupation into the 16th century. It was suggested that the site was a hunting lodge of the Bishops of Durham.
A Wesleyan Methodist chapel was built in 1826 and became a schoolroom when the present chapel was built in 1891.
The Anglican parish church of All Saints was built in 1888 by J.R.W Hildyard of Horsley Hall. A chapel of ease was also listed on various 19th century ordnance survey maps (just to the west of the current church) and was certainly active in 1828.
The Cross Keys public house was built early to late 18th century.
William Emerson, the mathematician, had an estate near Eastgate where he would repair to work throughout the summer on projects as disparate as stonemasonry and watchmaking.
Emerson Muschamp Bainbridge, the founder of the world's first department store, was born in the village.

## Geothermal plant

In 2004 it was announced that a hot geothermal power plant would go ahead on the site of a former cement works. The geothermal plant was planned to heat the UK's first geothermal energy model village, the official working title being Eastgate Renewable Energy Village. But the plan fell through, and instead of the village a large outdoor set was built for the filming of the ITV series Beowulf: Return to the Shieldlands, first broadcast in 2016.
The exploratory geothermal borehole drilled in December 2004 was the first to be completed in the United Kingdom for more than 20 years. The water temperature at a depth of 995 metres (3,264 ft) was found to be 46.2 °C, and it was estimated that the water temperature of a production borehole with a depth of about 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) would be in the range of 75–80 °C, with a volume of water similar to that already being exploited in the existing geothermal energy scheme in Southampton.

## Weardale Railway

The plans for the energy village included constructing a terminus for the Weardale Railway, which currently runs between Bishop Auckland and Stanhope
# Hamilton Walker

Hamilton Walker may refer to:
* Hamilton Walker (inventor) (1903–1990), New Zealand inventor, engineer and farmer
* Hamilton Walker (politician) (1782–1830), Canadian lawyer, judge and political figure
# Francisco Maldonado da Silva

Francisco Maldonado da Silva (Jewish name: Eliahu Hanazir; 1592 in Argentina – 23 January 1639, in Peru) was an Argentine marrano physician who was burned at the stake with eleven other Jews in Lima, Peru, in the largest Auto-da-fé recorded in history. His life has been novelized by Argentine best selling author Marcos Aguinis in the book Against the Inquisition.

## Early life

Francisco was born in San Miguel de Tucumán to a healthy Argentine marrano family of Portuguese Jewish background. He learned about his Jewishness through his father Diego Nuñez da Silva, who was a European Jewish physician.

## Medical life

Francisco studied the scriptures and Kabbalah while he was a medical student. After a few years he took a medical posting in Chile, during that time, he decided to assume fully his Jewishness and stop living as a Christian converse (marrano converso), regaining his family's depressed Jewish tradition by performing circumcision and adopting the name Eliahu Hanazir, also called popularly Eli Nazareno or Elijah the Nazarite. He grew his hair and beard and started signing his name "Heli Nazareo, unworthy servant of God of Israel, alias Silva". He was abducted at night and taken to Lima where he was held in the secret prisons of the Inquisition for six years. During those years, he was confronted 13 times by Catholic theologians who tried to help him find the "True Faith". His astounding knowledge made him valuable even to his enemies. He was held accountable for the heresy of honoring the "Law of Moses", totally objectionable to the Holy Inquisition.

## His martyrdom

At the time of his death, he had been imprisoned since 1627 and taken to the Colonial Inquisition Court of Lima, Peru. According to a 2010 book, he was imprisoned because he tried to convert his two sisters, who had converted to Catholicism, and as such he was denounced. The rodent Oecomys franciscorum was named after him and Pope Francis.
# Corn Island (Massachusetts)

Corn Island is a forested island of Essex County, Massachusetts.
# 2019 World Single Distances Speed Skating Championships – Men's 10,000 metres

The Men's 10,000 metres competition at the 2019 World Single Distances Speed Skating Championships was held on 9 February 2019.

## Results

The race was started at 15:49.
| Rank | Pair | Lane | Name | Country | Time | Diff |
| | 4 | i | Jorrit Bergsma | Netherlands | 12:52.92 | |
| | 6 | o | Patrick Roest | Netherlands | 12:53.34 | +0.42 |
| | 6 | i | Danila Semerikov | Russia | 12:57.400 | +4.48 |
| 4 | 5 | i | Patrick Beckert | Germany | 12:57.402 | +4.48 |
| 5 | 4 | o | Aleksandr Rumyantsev | Russia | 12:57.92 | +5.00 |
| 6 | 5 | o | Davide Ghiotto | Italy | 13:04.49 | +11.57 |
| 7 | 2 | o | Graeme Fish | Canada | 13:05.69 | +12.77 |
| 8 | 3 | o | Peter Michael | New Zealand | 13:13.72 | +20.80 |
| 9 | 2 | i | Michele Malfatti | Italy | 13:18.37 | +25.45 |
| 10 | 3 | i | Ole Bjørnsmoen Næss | Norway | 13:18.64 | +25.72 |
| 11 | 1 | o | Ryosuke Tsuchiya | Japan | 13:22.97 | +30.05 |
| 12 | 1 | i | Takahiro Ito | Japan | 13:32.31 | +39.39 |
# Gymnosoma indicum

Gymnosoma indicum is an Asian species of fly in the family Tachinidae.

## Distribution

India, Taiwan.
# JOTC

* Jungle Operations Training Center
* Junior Officer Training Course
* Joke Of The Century
# James Comet

The James Comet was a 98 cubic centimetre (cc), two-stroke, motorcycle manufactured by the James Cycle Co. and announced on 21 October 1948. A post-World War II design, the Comet went into production in late 1948.

## Comet J1 / J3 / J10 rigid frame

* Engine: Villiers Engineering 1F engine at 98cc 47mm x 57mm engine. Late 1952 & 1953. the J3 Comet Deluxe models were fitted with the Villiers 4F engine. Carburetor was a Villiers Type 6/0.
* Transmission: Two speed with clutch. Handlebar gear lever has 'trigger'.
* Frame: Single downtube frame.
* Suspension: Front was taper tube for girder type with single, central undamped spring. Rear: None
* Brakes: 4" front and rear
* Drive: Chain and sprocket

## Comet J11

The Comet J11 was manufactured from 1954 to 1955.
* Engine: Villiers Mk 4F (98cc) (47mm x 57mm), Carburetor was a Villiers Type 6/0
* Transmission: Two speed with clutch.
* Frame: Single down tube
* Suspension: Front was lightweight telescopic fork, plastic gaiters. Rear was a plunger-type.
* Brakes: 4" front, 5" rear
* Drive: Chain and sprocket

## Comet L1

The Comet L1 was manufactured from 1956 to 1964.
* Engine: Villiers Mk 4F. Capacity 98cc, (47mm x 57mm). Villiers Mk 6F optional
* Transmission: Two speed with clutch.
* Frame: Tubular front and top rails. Pressed & fabricated central tub and swinging-arm.
* Suspension: Front was lightweight telescopic fork, plastic gaiters. Rear swingarm.
* Brakes: 4" front, 5" rear
* Drive: Chain and sprocket
# Ecliptophanes bucki

Ecliptophanes bucki is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Melzer in 1934.
# Fred Colledge

Fred Colledge (7 May 1915 — 6 October 1985) was a Scottish first-class cricketer.
Colledge was born at Renfrew in May 1915. A club cricketer for Ferguslie Cricket Club, he made his debut for Scotland in first-class cricket against Yorkshire at Hull on Scotland's 1949 tour of England, where it was noted that his bowling kept Yorkshire's rate of scoring down during their first innings of 289 for 1 declared, which featured centuries by Len Hutton and Vic Wilson. He made three further first-class appearances for Scotland, playing in two matches in 1951 against Warwickshire and Northamptonshire, and one in 1952 against Yorkshire. Playing in the Scottish side as a right-arm fast-medium bowler, he took 6 wickets at an average of 44.50, with best figures of 2 for 50. As a tailend batsman, he scored 21 runs with a highest score of 12 not out. Outside of cricket, he was by profession a clerk in a thread mill. Colledge died at Paisley in October 1985.
# Charles Morris (American writer)

Charles Morris (October 1, 1833 – September 7, 1922) was an American journalist, novelist and author of popular historical textbooks.

## Biography

He was born in Chester, Pennsylvania, the son of Samuel Pearson Morris and Margaret Burns. After studying locally he worked as a teacher in Chester, but in 1856 moved to Philadelphia where he became professor of languages at the Academy of Ancient and Modern Languages.
He abandoned his academic career in 1860, working in business up to 1878, while developing his reputation as a professional creative writer and journalist. He published short stories, poems, and serial novels in Beadle's Saturday Journal.
After becoming a full-time writer he published a large number of history textbooks, including The War with Spain, histories of the United States, a general History of the World, The Story of Mexico, and History of Pennsylvania. Other publications include Civilization, a Study of its Elements, The Aryan Race: its Origin and Achievements, The Greater Republic and the Dictionary of Universal Biography. He also compiled a series of Historical Tales. These are retold legends and historical events meant to be read for enjoyment rather than used as textbooks. He also wrote biographies, notably of Queen Victoria and William McKinley.
He edited collections of interviews with writers under the titles Half Hours with the Best American Authors and Half Hours with the Best British Authors.
Morris also wrote dime novels. As was common practice at the time, these were often published under a variety of pseudonyms. These names included, "Redmond Blake", "Edward Lytton", "Jo Pierce", "C. E. Tripp", "R. R. Inman", and "George S. Kaine", "Paul Preston", "William Murry", "E. L.Vincent", "J. H. Southard", "Roland Dare", "S. M. Frazier", "Hugh Allen", "J. D. Ballard", and "Paul Pastnor".
Immediately after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, he was sent by his publisher to write a first-hand report on the event which was published as The San Francisco calamity by earthquake and fire.
Charles Morris died at his home in Philadelphia on September 7, 1922.

## Selected publications

* The Aryan Race: Its Origins and its Achievements (1888)
* Tales From the Dramatists, 1580 to 1780 (1898)
* A New History of the United States. The Greater Republic (1899)
* Our Island Empire: A Hand-Book of Cuba, Porto Rico, Hawaii, and the Philippine Islands (1899)
* The War With Spain: A Complete History of the War of 1898 Between the United States and Spain (1899)
* The Wonderful Century, 1800-1900: Its History and Progress (1899)
* Man and His Ancestor: A Study in Evolution (1900)
* The Handy Dictionary of Biography (1901)
* The Gallant Deeds of Our Naval Heroes Told for Boys and Girls (1902)
* The History of Pennsylvania (1913)
* Primary History of the United States: The Story of Our Country for Young Folks (1913)
* An Elementary History of the United States (1915)
* Famous Days and Deeds in Holland and Belgium (1915)
* Heroes of the Army in America (1919)
* [The Child's Story of America] (1901)
# Dammarie-sur-Loing

Dammarie-sur-Loing (French pronunciation:, literally Dammarie on Loing) is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France.
# Gymnosoma maxima

Gymnosoma maxima is a species of tachinid flies in the genus Gymnosoma of the family Tachinidae.

## Distribution

Kazakhstan.
# Alvon, West Virginia

Alvon is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Alvon is located on West Virginia Route 92, 9 miles (14 km) northeast of White Sulphur Springs.
# JORDY

JORDY or Joint Optical Reflective Display is an optical viewing device developed based on NASA technology. It is used to help the visually impaired see and read.
The name is inspired by the Star Trek character, Geordi La Forge.
# James Dupré Lance

James Dupré Lance (28 January 1829 – 28 March 1897) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament from Canterbury, New Zealand.

## Biography

Lance was born in Boulogne, France. He first came to New Zealand in 1856 to visit his brothers.
He contested the 1866 election for the superintendency of the Canterbury Provincial Council against William Sefton Moorhouse representing the runholders; he came a distant second.
On 12 July 1865, Lance was appointed to the New Zealand Legislative Council. His membership lapsed on 18 October 1867 through absence. He represented the Cheviot electorate from 1884 to 1890. He contested the Ashley electorate in the 1890 election and was defeated by Richard Meredith.
# Eclogavena dani

Eclogavena dani is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.
# Hans Rietmann

Hans Rietmann (date of birth unknown) was a Swiss footballer who played as striker and as midfielder during the early 1900s.

## Football career

Rietmann joined FC Basel's first team for their 1900–01 season. Rietmann played his domestic league debut for the club in the away game on 25 November 1900 as Basel played a 3–3 draw with FC Zürich.
For the team the 1900–01 season was a bad season, they ended the group stage in fifth position. A curiosity in this season was the away game on 3 March 1901. This was an away game against Grasshopper Club and it ended in a 3–13 defeat. The reasons for this high defeat can be explained with the fact that one of the players missed the train and that the team played with a number of players from their reserve team. Nevertheless, to date this remains the teams’ highest and biggest defeat in the club's history.
During the following two season Rietmann played mainly for Basel's second team who played in the Serie B, the second tier of Swiss football.
He again played for the first team in 1904, an away game in France against FC Mulhouse which ended in a high scoring 6–8 defeat. Rietmann was amongst the goal scorers. Between the years 1900 and 1904 Rietmann played at least five games for Basel. One of these games were in the Swiss Serie A and the others were friendly games.
# Corkwood

Corkwood is a common name of a number of plants:
* Ackama paniculosa, a soft barked corkwood from Australia in the coachwood family
* Annona glabra, found in the West Indies
* Commiphora angolensis (sand corkwood), a shrub mainly in Angola and Namibia
* Commiphora saxicola (rock corkwood), a shrub endemic to Namibia
* Duboisia, a genus with species in Australia
* Endiandra sieberi, a corkwood from Australia in the laurel family
* Entelea arborescens, found in New Zealand
* Erythrina vespertilio (grey corkwood), Australia
* Hakea divaricata, found in Australia
* Hakea ivoryi, Australia
* Hakea suberea, Australia
* Leitneria floridana, southeastern North America
* Melicope, a genus with species in Australia
* Musanga cecropioides (African corkwood), Africa
* Sesbania grandiflora, southeast Asia and northern Australia, with edible flowers
* Stillingia aquatica, woody shrub that grows in the southeastern United States
# Daniel McLachlin

Daniel McLachlin (July 17, 1808 – February 6, 1872) was a businessman and political figure in Canada West. He represented Renfrew South in the 1st Canadian Parliament as a Liberal from 1867 to 1869.

## Early life and family

McLachlin was born in Pointe-Fortune in Lower Canada on 17 July 1808, to Hugh McLachlin and Janet (née McLean). He had many siblings; Mary (born 1795), Alexander (b. 1796), John (b. 1798), Flora (b. 1800), Janet (b. 1802), Dorothy (b. 1804), Ann (b. 1806), Catharine (b. 1810), William (b. 1813), Hugh (b. 1816), Sara (b. 1820), and Christina. The family lived in Argenteuil, Lower Canada.
McLachlin married Maria Harrington in 1837. They had eight children together; Jessie, William, Harriet, Hugh, John, Daniel, Eric, and Claude. The family moved to Arnprior in 1857.

## Career

Daniel entered the timber trade in the Ottawa Valley by November 1834 with his brother William. In 1837, McLachlin moved to Bytown and purchased cutting rights along the Ottawa River, Madawaska River and Indian Rivers. He built sawmills and gristmills at the Chaudière Falls on the Ottawa. He also operated a general store in Bytown with his brother Hugh until 1855.
In 1851, he relocated his timber business to the nearly deserted village of Arnprior, using the power of the Madawaska River to operate his mills. He also helped promote the development of the settlement there. He had bridges built, helped to bring people in, and took a leading role in promoting public improvements. Two of these involved the Madawaska River Improvement Association (later Company) and a wagon road on the Madawaska River from Arnprior to the Long Rapids. The same year, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly for Bytown; he did not run in 1854 but was elected in 1861 for Renfrew. By 1865, he was running the lumber business with his sons (Hugh, John, and Daniel) under the name "McLachlin Brothers."
In 1867, he was elected by acclamation to the 1st Canadian Parliament for Renfrew South. He resigned from politics and his business in 1869, leaving the business to his sons, who he'd brought into the business in 1865. He died in Arnprior on February 6, 1872.
# Guns & Ammo

Guns & Ammo is a magazine dedicated to firearms, hunting, competitive shooting, reloading, and other shooting-related activities in the United States.

## Content and Circulation

The magazine offers reviews on firearms, ammunition, optics and shooting gear. Also included are historical articles, gun collecting, self-defense features and celebrity interviews. In addition to monthly department columns on specific topics, each issue contains several featured articles and profiles of the firearms industry, as well as technical evaluations and new products.
Guns & Ammo also publishes news and information relating to gun politics. As one journalist has stated: "Politics is implicit in cover-story headlines (“Ready to fight”) and explicit in the “politics” section of the Guns & Ammo website." Its annual assessment of "The Best States for Gun Owners" analyzes each U.S. state's laws, court decisions and positions on "stand your ground" and "castle doctrine" issues.
Guns & Ammo is published on a monthly basis. Its annual circulation is 5.3 million copies. 97% of readers are male; readers' average income is estimated at $102,000.

## History

Guns & Ammo was founded by Robert E. Petersen in 1958 and has featured famed gunwriters such as P.O. Ackley, Craig Boddington, Jeff Cooper, Garry James, Bill Jordan, Elmer Keith, Bob Milek, Patrick Sweeney, Col. Townsend Whelen and John Wooters. Charlton Heston, former president of the National Rifle Association of America authored a gun rights column for the magazine titled "From the Capitol" until 2007.

## Staff

Currently, Guns & Ammo magazine carries columns written by Eric R. Poole (Editorial), Garry James (Gun Room), Richard Nance (Gun Tech), Jeremy Stafford (Handgunning), Tom Beckstrand (Rifles & Glass), retired SGM Kyle E. Lamb (Lock, Stock & Barrel), Dave Emary (Bullet Board) and Keith Wood (Spent Cases).
The magazine was involved in controversy over the dismissal of one of its writers, Dick Metcalf, in 2014. According to The New York Times, an article by Metcalf took a stance on gun laws that prompted two major gun manufacturers to state that they would no longer do business with Guns & Ammo if Metcalf continued to work there. Among other things, Metcalf's article stated: "The fact is, all constitutional rights are regulated, always have been, and need to be." Metcalf was terminated soon after.
In 2012 Richard Venola, the magazine's editor from 2007 to 2009, was arrested for shooting and killing a friend who was reportedly visiting his home. The weapon was said to be a "high-caliber rifle." Venola was charged with second degree murder, but two separate trials resulted in deadlocked juries. Venola died in 2021.
# Alvor

Alvor may refer to:
* Alvor (Portimão), a civil parish in the municipality of Portimão, Portugal
* Alvor Castle, a castle in the parish of Alvor, district of Faro, Portugal
# Jack Cannot

John Valentine Cannot (pron. CAN-oh), better known as Jack Cannot (1883–1929), was an English-Australian comic of stage and screen.

## Biography

He was born in England and eventually went to South Africa where he toured for two years in various stage productions, including The Merry Widow. He then moved to Australia in 1910 under contract to J. C. Williamson Ltd. They used him in pantomimes such as Jack and the Beanstalk as well as various musical comedies.

### Death

The advent of talking films made it more difficult for him to find work and he was in financial distress. Cannot later killed himself with strychnine at Maroubra Beach.
He left behind a suicide letter to Charles Dunn, secretary of the Actor's Federation:
   My dear Old Charlie,
   When you get this it will be a case of "Alas, poor Yorick", and I want you to do your best for my family, who will be more or less destitute. I have fought against doing what I intend to do. That it is the only way I can see clear to enable my children to get a proper education and my darling wife to feel that every postman's knock doesn't contain a summons.
   Charles, I have the greatest wife and children a man could wish for, so you can guess with what heart yearnings I am leaving all I love best, but I cannot get decent work: I have done 28 weeks in two years, and then I got 'scaled' for £70 in a pantomime.
   Now, old sport, you and Walter — God bless you both — will you do what you can for my loved ones, especially my boy. Oh, what a grand little fellow, and how I worship the ground he walks on. He has been at college since he was nine years old, and he is 14 and two months now. I am behind with his schooling fees.
   If you read this letter before they find me I would like a decent burial.
   We owe at least 15 weeks' rent, but here again we have a wonderful woman for a landlady. If It hadn't been for her we should have been destitute weeks back.
   My daughter Betty is fust a sweet angel, and I owe her fees at school, too.
   I've earned £66 since "Clowns in Clover" finished, and I am doing this really to get out of the way, as I haven't the money to go abroad or anything. I was going to start a school of singing with the aid of a friend, but I feel that it's no go before we open. So that's that.
   So long, Old Pal, if I have helped to make things easier for the profession, then I am glad, although I believe I have suffered in consequence.
   God bless you all.
   JACK CANNOT
   Vice-President, Actors' Federation