OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gross

Gross may refer to:

## Finance

* Gross Cash Registers, a defunct UK company with a high profile in the 1970s
* Gross (economics), is the total income before deducting expenses

## Science and measurement

* Gross (unit), a counting unit equal to 144 items
* Gross weight
* Gross heating value, see Heat of combustion

## Places

* Gross, Illinois, an unincorporated community
* Gross, Kansas, an unincorporated community
* Gross mine, a gold mine in Russia
* Gross, Nebraska, a village
* Gross Hills, Ellsworth Land, Antarctica
* 33800 Gross, an asteroid

## Other uses

* Gross (surname)
* G.R.O.S.S. (Get Rid Of Slimy GirlS), a recurring element in the comic Calvin and Hobbes
* In golf, the gross score is the number of strokes taken before accounting for any handicap allowances
* "In gross", legally associated with a legal person as opposed to a piece of land; as in:
** Easement in gross as opposed to easement appurtenant
** Hereditary in gross service, as opposed to serjeanty
** Profit in gross as opposed to profit appurtenant
** Villein in gross (tied to the lord) as opposed to villein regardant (tied to the manor)
# Gruson

Gruson (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It is part of the Métropole Européenne de Lille.

## Heraldry

| Arms of Gruson | The arms of Gruson are blazoned : Vert, a fess ermine. (Oignies, Beaucamps-Ligny, Estrées, Gruson and Wicres use the same arms.) |

## Gallery

* Town hall
* Entrance sign
* Farmhouse
* Rue du Château
* Cemetery
* Old train station
# Grrrrrrrrrrr!!

Grrrrrrrrrrr!! is a 1965 oil and Magna on canvas painting by Roy Lichtenstein. Measuring 68 in × 56.125 in (172.7 cm × 142.6 cm), it was bequeathed to the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum collection from Lichtenstein's estate. It depicts a head-on representation of an angry dog growling with the onomatopoeic expression "Grrrrrrrrrrr!!". The work was derived from Our Fighting Forces, which also served as the source for other military dog paintwork by Lichtenstein.

## Background

The Lichtenstein foundation notes that the inspiration for this painting is a frame of Our Fighting Forces #66 (February 1962), which was published by National Periodical Publications (now DC Comics). In that frame only a portion of the dog's head is visible and the speech balloon says "Grrrrr!" In addition to the painting itself, Lichtenstein produced a small 5.75 in × 4.5 in (14.6 cm × 11.4 cm) graphite on paper study.
The painting was bestowed to the Guggenheim Museum after Lichtenstein's 1997 death, following a promise made in 1992. The museum used Grrrrrrrrrrr!! in the promotional posters for the 1993 exhibition "Roy Lichtenstein: A Retrospective", which ran from October 7, 1993 – January 16, 1994. Other notable exhibitions where this work was shown include "Rendezvous: Masterpieces from the Centre Georges Pompidou and the Guggenheim Museums" which ran from October 16, 1998 – January 24, 1999 at the Guggenheim Museum in New York, as well as "Art in America: 300 Years of Innovation" which traveled to several museums in China between 2007 and 2008. The work appeared on the cover of the November 1993 issue of ARTnews.

## Details

Although Grrrrrrrrrrr!! is derived from what Guggenheim Senior Curator Susan Davidson calls a "low-grade comic strip" that is a typical Lichtenstein source, it is representative of Lichtenstein's fascination with "the atomic language of Ben-Day dots, black outlines and the three primary colors as the elementary vocabulary of low-budget commercial imagery."
According to Jennifer Blessing of the Guggenheim, "There is also an element of humor in creating fine art out of what has customarily been considered 'low,' a playfulness that is equally evident in the onomatopoeic caption and bellicose expression of the dog in Grrrrrrrrrrr!!"

## Related works

In 1962, Lichtenstein created Arrrrrff!, an oil and graphite pencil on canvas painting depicting a dog from a subsequent issue of Our Fighting Forces, the series that was the source of Grrrrrrrrrrr!! That source depicts the dog by the name of "Pooch" in profile with a text bubble reading "Sniff--Sniff--Sniff--Sniff--Arrrrrff!" above his head. The inspiration for this painting came from Our Fighting Forces #69 (July 1962). Arrrrrff! was sold at Christie's in 1996 for $420,500 to an undisclosed buyer.
# 1903 in India

"none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events in the year 1903 in India.

## Incumbents

* Emperor of India – Edward VII
* Viceroy of India – George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston

## Events

* National income - ₹8,926 million
* 1 January – Edward VII is proclaimed Emperor of India.
* 20 March - Victoria Memorial Act passed for erection of Victoria Memorial, Kolkata.
* 15 May - Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam, the socio-religious reformation organization of the Ezhava community in Kerala, South India established by the trio, Narayana Guru, Dr Padmanabhan Palpu, and Kumaran Asan.

## Law

* Works Of Defence Act
* Victoria Memorial Act

## Births

* 3 April – Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay, social reformer and freedom fighter (died 1988).
* Gopi Krishna, yogi, mystic, teacher, social reformer and writer (died 1984).

## Deaths

* 29 December - Baba Jaimal Singh, Founder of Radha Soami Satsang Beas (born 1839).
# 2018 Fed Cup World Group play-offs

The World Group I play-offs were four ties which involved the losing nations of the World Group and the winning nations of the World Group II. Nations that won their play-off ties entered the 2019 World Group, while losing nations joined the 2019 World Group II.
Participating Teams :
| Australia | Belarus | Belgium | Italy |
| Netherlands | Romania | Slovakia | Switzerland |

## Belarus vs. Slovakia

| Belarus 3 | Chizhovka-Arena, Minsk, Belarus 21–22 April Hard (indoor) | Chizhovka-Arena, Minsk, Belarus 21–22 April Hard (indoor) | Slovakia 2 |
| 1 2 3 1 Aliaksandra Sasnovich Jana Čepelová 7$^8$ 6$^6$ 7 5     2 Aryna Sabalenka Viktória Kužmová 2 6 6 2 6$^5$ 7$^7$   3 Aryna Sabalenka Anna Karolína Schmiedlová 6 3 6 4     4 Aliaksandra Sasnovich Viktória Kužmová 1 6 6$^3$ 7$^7$     5 Vera Lapko / Lidziya Marozava Viktória Kužmová / Anna Karolína Schmiedlová 6 3 6 4 ||||

## Romania vs. Switzerland

| Romania 3 | BT Arena, Cluj-Napoca, Romania 21–22 April Clay (indoor) | BT Arena, Cluj-Napoca, Romania 21–22 April Clay (indoor) | Switzerland 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Simona Halep Viktorija Golubic 6 3 1 6 6 1   2 Irina-Camelia Begu Timea Bacsinszky 6 4 6 1     3 Simona Halep Patty Schnyder 6 2 6 1     4 Irina-Camelia Begu Viktorija Golubic       not played 5 Mihaela Buzărnescu / Sorana Cîrstea Viktorija Golubic / Jil Teichmann 6 0 0 6 [6] [10] ||||

## Australia vs. Netherlands

| Australia 4 | WIN Entertainment Centre, Wollongong, Australia 21–22 April Hard (indoor) | WIN Entertainment Centre, Wollongong, Australia 21–22 April Hard (indoor) | Netherlands 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Samantha Stosur Lesley Kerkhove 5 7 6$^1$ 7$^7$     2 Ashleigh Barty Quirine Lemoine 6 0 6 2     3 Ashleigh Barty Lesley Kerkhove 6 4 6 2     4 Daria Gavrilova Quirine Lemoine 6 3 6 2     5 Destanee Aiava / Daria Gavrilova Lesley Kerkhove / Demi Schuurs 6 3 6 2 ||||

## Italy vs. Belgium

| Italy 0 | Valletta Cambiaso ASD, Genoa, Italy 21–22 April Clay | Valletta Cambiaso ASD, Genoa, Italy 21–22 April Clay | Belgium 4 |
| 1 2 3 1 Jasmine Paolini Elise Mertens 1 6 5 7     2 Sara Errani Alison Van Uytvanck 4 6 7$^8$ 6$^6$ 2 6   3 Sara Errani Elise Mertens 3 6 1 6     4 Jasmine Paolini Alison Van Uytvanck       not played 5 Deborah Chiesa / Jasmine Paolini Kirsten Flipkens / Elise Mertens 1 6 4 6 ||||
# Andrew Ramsay (governor)

Andrew Ramsay was the officiating governor of Bombay during the British Raj from 9 January 1788 to 6 September 1788.
# Heart of the City (album)

Heart of the City is the fourth album by the Spanish group Barrabás, released in 1975. The album charted at #149 on the Billboard 200 in the US, and was later re-released on CD in Spain as Check Mate.
This album was the first to feature Daniel Louis on drums, after the departure of José María Moll.
"Checkmate" / "Family Size" and "Make It Easy" / "Take a Wild Ride" were released as singles. The instrumental "Mellow Blow" was one of the first 12-inch singles to be released, and the first ever on Atlantic Records.

## Track listing

* "Checkmate" (Fernando Arbex) – 4:28
* "Take a Wild Ride" (E. Morales, M. Morales, Ernesto Duarte, Daniel Louis) – 4:00
* "Along the Shore" (Duarte, José Luís Tejada) – 6:06
* "Make It Easy" (E. Morales, M. Morales) – 3:54
* "Family Size" (Arbex) – 3:21
* "Mellow Blow" (E. Morales) – 4:12
* "Thank You Love" (E. Morales, M. Morales) – 4:45
* "Four Season Woman" (Arbex) – 3:57

## Personnel

* José Luís Tejada – lead vocals
* Enrique "Ricky" Morales – lead and acoustic guitars, backing vocals
* Miguel Morales – bass guitar, rhythm and acoustic guitars, backing vocals
* Ernesto "Tito" Duarte – saxophone, flute, percussion, bass guitar
* Juan Vidal – keyboards, backing vocals
* Daniel Louis – drums, percussion
* "The Waters" (Maxine, Julia & Patti) – backing vocals
* Produced by Fernando Arbex
* Recorded at Blue Rock Studios, New York

### Release information

* Spain – Ariola Eurodisc
* Germany – Ariola 89 267 XOT
* USA & Canada – Atco SD 36-118
* Italy – Atlantic W50165
* Disconforme DISC 1993CD (2001 CD) – (as Check Mate)
* Wounded Bird WOBR6118 (2008 CD)
# Aïn Taghrout District

Aïn Taghrout District is a district of Bordj Bou Arréridj Province, Algeria.

## Municipalities

The district is further divided into 2 municipalities:
* Aïn Taghrout
* Tixter
36°07′53″N 5°04′41″E﻿ / ﻿36.13139°N 5.07806°E﻿ / 36.13139; 5.07806
* This article about a location in Bordj Bou Arréridj Province is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Coleophora binotapennella

Coleophora binotapennella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in Spain, France, Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, North Macedonia, Lithuania, Ukraine, northern and southern Russia and China. It occurs in desert-steppe and desert biotopes.
Adults are on wing in July and August.
The larvae feed on Atriplex nitens, Atriplex tatarica and possibly Chenopodium species. They feed on the generative organs of their host plant.
# Antun Vrančić High School

Antun Vrančić High School(Croatian: Gimnazija Antuna Vrančića) is a public 4-year general-education high school in Šibenik, Croatia. It currently offers programs focusing on mathematics and natural sciences, classics, linguistics, as well as a general-track program. The school was named after Antun Vrančić (1504-1573), a native of Šibenik.

## History

First modern high school was opened for a short time in Šibenik during Napoleon's rule in Dalmatia in 1806. A secondary school with a continuity up till the present-day was opened as Realgymnasium in 1909, while Šibenik and Croatia were a part of Austria-Hungary. School was briefly closed by Italian authorities during the 1918-21 occupation of Šibenik. In 1937 the school moved into a new and modern building in which it operates today. During the Second World War, Italian fascists again occupied Šibenik (1941-3) and forbade the use of Croatian, italianizing the school. Many students and alumni joined the Partisans and fought against the Axis. After the war, the school was restructured and named after People's Heroes of Šibenik (Ljubo Truta, Miro Visic, Vlado Peran, Slobodan Macura). In 1991 it was again remodelled as a general high school and named after Antun Vrančić (1504-1573), renaissance humanist, cardinal, diplomat and author from Šibenik.

## Academics and rankings

Following the results of national standardized tests taken by high school students in Croatia in 2006, 2007 and 2008 as a part of a transition towards the introduction of a nationwide exit exam (Matura), Antun Vrančić high school was ranked 24th out of 190 Croatian high schools on an unofficial list.
School's students also participated in International Mathematical Olympiad twice - in 2001 in Washington, DC and in 2002 in Glasgow, where they won a bronze medal. In 2007 and 2011, Antun Vrančić students competed at International Philosophy Olympiad in Turkey and Austria, respectively, earning an honorable mentioning.

## Notable alumni

As up until recently the only general secondary school in Šibenik, the school boasts many famous natives of Šibenik and the surrounding area as its alumni:
* Ivo Brešan (1936–2017), playwright and author
* Gojko Bjedov (1913–1937), trade union leader, volunteer in Spanish civil war (KIA)
* Arsen Dedić (1938–2015), singer-songwriter, composer, poet
* Vladan Desnica (1905–1967), writer and philosopher
* Isak Drutter (1925), economist, university professor, governor of Central Bank of Croatia (1972–1978). Dismissed from school in 1941 under fascist regime
* Vojin Jelić (1921–2004), writer and poet
* Aleksandar Ljahnicky (1921–2004), architect
* Maksim Mrvica (1975), pianist
* Hrvoje Požar (1916–1991), electrical engineer, scholar, and Secretary General of the Croatian Academy of Arts and Sciences
* Anđelko Runjić (1938–2015), politician, last speaker of the parliament in SR Croatia (1986–90) and Croatian ambassador to Russia (1991–1992)
* Ivan Vitić (1917–1986), architect (did not graduate)
* Vice Vukov (1936–2007), singer, philosopher, member of the parliament
# Emilio Lari

Emilio Lari is an Italian-born movie stills photographer.

## Career

Emilio started his career by bluffing his way on to the set of Richard Lester's A Hard Day's Night in 1964. On set, the crew and actors happened to be waiting for a photographer from L’European magazine and welcomed Lari accordingly. Emilio happily played the role until he was exposed when the official photographer arrived. However, his talent and friendly approach led to an invitation to the filming of Help! in 1965.
Lari's charm and happy-go-lucky attitude took him through 40 years of European and Hollywood movies – from the cult 1966 hit Barbarella and Franco Zeffirelli's classic 1968 Romeo and Juliet, to Sergio Leone's iconic Once Upon A Time in America.
As the official on-set photographer to the biggest stars of the Big Screen, Lari's stills are infused with a sense of ease that comes from his relationship with the actors and directors that he worked with. His portfolio includes some incredible shots of iconic figures caught off guard; we see John Lennon mucking about in a long dark wig, and Jane Fonda stealing the director's chair to put her feet up between takes. Facing us from the back of that chair is the Director's name: Roger Vadim. Lari has tipped the viewer a cheeky wink...
As much as his considerable skill with the camera, Emilio Lari's ebullient personality and playful eye characterises his unique brand of photography.
As Francis Ford Coppola said of him, "you...can't separate the work from the man, but both lifted your spirits."
Lari also did personal photoshoots for celebrities, including David Bowie, Jodie Foster, Robert De Niro, Michelle Pfeiffer and others.

### Selected Films

* Help!, Director: Richard Lester, 1965
* Candy, Director: Christian Marquand, 1968
* Barbarella, Director: Roger Vadim, 1968
* Romeo and Juliet, Director: Franco Zeffirelli, 1968
* Kelly's Heroes, Director: Brian G. Hutton, 1969
* The Beloved, Director: George P. Cosmatos, 1971
* The Godfather, Director: Francis Ford Coppola, 1972
* The Godfather Part II, Director: Francis Ford Coppola, 1974
* Just a Gigolo, Director: David Hemmings, 1978
* Raging Bull, Director: Martin Scorsese, 1980
* Once Upon A Time in America, Director: Sergio Leone, 1984
* Ladyhawke, Director: Richard Donner, 1985
* The Godfather Part III, Director: Francis Ford Coppola, 1990
# Gréez-sur-Roc

Gréez-sur-Roc is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire in north-western France.
# 1914 West Wicklow by-election

The 1914 West Wicklow by-election was held on 20 August 1914. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Irish Parliamentary MP, Edward Peter O'Kelly. It was won by the Irish Parliamentary candidate John Thomas Donovan who was unopposed due to a War-time electoral pact.
# Heidi Ploeg

Heidi-Lynn Ploeg (born 1965) is a Canadian biomechanical engineer, a professor in the Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Chair for Women in Engineering at Queen's University at Kingston in Ontario. Her research involves the biomechanics of bone and bone implants, and the use of motion capture in biomedical applications.

## Education and career

Ploeg was a student of mechanical engineering at Queen's University. She earned a bachelor's degree there in 1988, and a master's degree in 1991. From 1992 to 2002 she worked as a researcher and project manager for Centerpulse Orthopedics, a Swiss company in Winterthur; during this time she continued her studies at Queen's University, and completed a Ph.D. in 2000.
From 2003 to 2018 she worked at the University of Wisconsin–Madison as an assistant and associate professor of mechanical engineering. In 2018 she returned to Queen's University as an associate professor, and in 2022 she was promoted to full professor. She was named as the inaugural Queen's Chair for Women in Engineering in 2020.

## Recognition

Ploeg was named as an ASME Fellow in 2021, and as a Fellow of the Orthopaedic Research Society in 2024.
# 460 Scania

460 Scania (/ˈskeɪiə/; prov. designation: A900 UF or 1900 FN) is a background asteroid and a slow rotator from the central regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory on 22 October 1900. The uncommon K-type asteroid has an exceptionally long rotation period of 164.1 hours and measures approximately 21 kilometers (13 miles) in diameter. It was named after the Swedish region of Scania, where a meeting was held by the Astronomische Gesellschaft in 1904.

## Orbit and classification

Scania is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.4–3.0 AU once every 4 years and 6 months (1,637 days; semi-major axis of 2.72 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Vienna Observatory on 25 October 1900, three nights after its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.

## Naming

This minor planet was named after the Swedish region of Scania or Skåne by its Latin name, on the occasion of a meeting held in Lund by the Astronomische Gesellschaft in 1904 (AN, 166, 207). The naming was also mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 50).

## Physical characteristics

In the Bus–Binzel SMASS classification, Scania is an uncommon K-type asteroid.

### Rotation period

In December 2017, a rotational lightcurve of Scania was obtained from photometric observations by Frederick Pilcher. Lightcurve analysis gave a well defined rotation period of 164.1±0.1 hours with a brightness variation of 0.37±0.03 magnitude (U=3). The results supersedes previous observations.

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Scania measures between 19.689 and 23.58 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.189 and 0.262. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.1808 and a diameter of 21.63 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.8.
# Guilio Kukurugya

Guilio Kukurugya was an American-Canadian actor.

## Career

Kukurugya was born in Coolspring Township, Pennsylvania.
On television, he played the voice of the villain Saw Boss on DiC Entertainment's Jayce and the Wheeled Warriors. His other roles in film and television include Instant Star, Angels in the Infield, Twice in a Lifetime, The Shooter and Night Heat.
# Guill

Guill is a surname. People with the surname include:
* Antonio de Guill y Gonzaga (died 1768), Spanish colonial administrator
* Ben H. Guill (1909–1994), member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas
* Julianna Guill (born 1987), American actress
* Marshall Guill (1897–1931), American football and baseball player
# Guernsey Open

The Guernsey Open was a women's professional golf tournament on the Ladies European Tour. It was played from 1982 to 1984 and from 1987 to 1988.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Country | Score | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| James Capel Guernsey Open ||||||
| 1988 | Alison Nicholas | England | 274 | 2 strokes | Alison Sheard |
| 1987 | Corinne Dibnah | Australia | 275 | 10 strokes | Vanessa Marvin Gillian Stewart |
| Guernsey Open ||||||
| 1984 | Muriel Thomson | England | 280 (−8) | 3 strokes | Rae Hast |
| 1983 | Marta Figueras-Dotti | Spain | 209 (−7) | 3 strokes | Beverly Huke |
| 1982 | Dale Reid | Scotland | 219 | 3 strokes | Linda Bowman |
Source:
# Guido da Velate

Guido da Velate (also Guy or Wido) (died 1071) was the Archbishop of Milan from 1045 until his death, though he had simoniacally abdicated in 1067. He had been chosen as successor to Aribert by the people in opposition to the choice of the noblesse and confirmed as archbishop by the Emperor Henry III.
Guido was the archbishop of Milan at a time when the Pataria was gaining force in the city. Riot and unrest was a daily affair and Guido is reputed to have had a hand in much of it. He opposed the papal reforms and the Patarines who sought to outlaw clerical marriage and concubinage; he was a simoniac himself. Because he also refused to abide by the compromise of 1044, which would have limited his powers, he found himself at odds with the communards and the lesser nobility as well as the reform school.
After the death of Henry III in 1056, Hildebrand, Anselm of Baggio, and Peter Damian were sent to settle matters in Milan, but to little avail. The peace they brokered was broken incessantly until 1067, when Guido gave up his see and recommended the subdeacon Gotofredo da Castiglione to the Emperor Henry IV (for a price). Guido was convinced by Anselm of Baggio, now pope, to repent of his abdication and return to his post. He died a few years later and Henry tried again (uncanonically) to appoint Gotofredo.

## Sources

* Duff, Nora (1909). Matilda of Tuscany: La Gran Donna d'Italia. London: Methuen & Co.
* Jordan, William Chester (2003). Europe in the High Middle Ages. London: Viking.
# Guilty or Not Guilty

Guilty or Not Guilty was a Canadian panel quiz show television series which aired on CBC Television from 1958 to 1959.

## Premise

Duncan Crux, a lawyer, hosted this Vancouver-produced series. Actual legal cases were presented in a trial format to a panel which resembled a jury. After the panel delivered their verdict, the case's real-life verdict was revealed.

## Scheduling

This half-hour series was broadcast on Sundays at 1:00 p.m. (Eastern) from 5 October 1958 to 31 January 1959.