OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Courage (Fish Leong album)

Courage (traditional Chinese: 勇氣; simplified Chinese: 勇气; pinyin: Yǒng Qì) is Malaysian Chinese Mandopop artist Fish Leong's second studio album. It was released on 2 August 2000 by Rock Records.
The tracks "If There Was A Day" and "Courage" are listed at number 9 and 47 respectively on Hit FM Taiwan's Annual Top 100 Singles Chart for 2000.

## Track listing

* "勇氣" Yong Qi (Courage)
* "如果有一天" Ru Guo You Yi Tian (If There Was A Day)
* "半個月亮" Ban Ge Yue Liang (Half A Moon)
* "沒有水的游泳池" Mei You Shui De You Yong Chi (A Pool Without Water)
* "最爛的理由" Zui Lan De Li You (The Worst Excuse)
* "愛你不是兩三天" Ai Ni Bu Shi Liang San Tian (Loving You Isn't Just Three Days)
* "愛計較" Ai Ji Jiao (Care About Love)
* "昨天" Zuo Tian (Yesterday)
* "多数是晴天" Duo Shu De Qing Tian (Mostly Sunny)
* "最后" Zui Hou (Finally)
# Courage (Frankie J album)

Courage is the sixth studio album released by Frankie J on December 7, 2011, after his departure from Columbia Records.
# Coxton, Indiana

Coxton is an unincorporated community in Indian Creek Township, Lawrence County, Indiana.

## History

Coxton had its start by the building of the railroad through that territory. A post office was established at Coxton in 1890, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1903.
# Creatinolfosfate

Creatinolfosfate (creatinol-O-phosphate, creatinol phosphate, COP) is a cardiac preparation, not to be confused with phosphocreatine.
* This drug article relating to the cardiovascular system is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Creatinine deaminase

In enzymology, a creatinine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.21) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    creatinine + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ N-methylhydantoin + NH$_3$
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are creatinine and H$_2$O, whereas its two products are N-methylhydantoin and NH$_3$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in cyclic amidines. The systematic name of this enzyme class is creatinine iminohydrolase. Other names in common use include creatinine hydrolase, and creatinine desiminase. This enzyme participates in arginine and proline metabolism.
# Creative cluster s52

Creative cluster s52 (Russian: Креативный кластер с52) is a coworking and creative space in Rostov-on-Don, Russia. It is located at 52 Suvorova Street (Kirovsky District).

## History

Creative cluster s52 was housed in a former warehouse and sewing factory with total area 2000 m$^2$ in 2011 by design of Denis Zubkov who later was joined by Alexander Kuleshov. Now Alexander Kuleshov is a manager and owner of s52. The project was conceived as office space, environment for communication and collaborative work where creative industry representatives’ need for self-realization and development of urban projects would be fulfilled.
Alexander Kuleshov says that they wanted to do a project inspired by loft ideology. The building was being reconstructed gradually because of the selected financial scheme according to which managing company was renovating areas of common use while lessees, after moving in, did their own renovation to suit their concept.
Today Creative cluster s52 is a cultural and business center of Rostov-on-Don. It hosts different exhibitions, lections, film demonstrations, concerts and other events. Also youth garage sale is held here every month – it's a temporary drift store, tabletop sale and dress-crossing event.

## Opportunities in Creative cluster s52

In the territory of Creative cluster s52 now there are:
* some fast food joints;
* a hairdressing salon;
* a barbershop;
* a makeup studio;
* a photo studio;
* a rooftop cinema;
* a coffee house;
* board games libraries;
* a bicycle-sharing center;
* individual offices;
* non-mass market shops;
* meeting and event rooms.
# Crazy Waiting

Crazy Waiting (Korean: 기다리다 미쳐; RR: Gidarida michyeo), also known as The Longest 24 Months or Going Crazy Waiting, is a 2008 South Korean film written and directed by Ryu Seung-jin.

## Plot

In South Korea, all men in their early twenties have to serve two years of mandatory military service, and many young couples find themselves asking, "Do we stay together…or break up?" If they stay together, will their love survive the two-year separation? The movies look at four couples as they explore these questions and "go crazy while waiting" to be reunited with their lovers.
Hyo-jeong is dating the much-younger Won-jae when he leaves for military service, and his visits home put a strain on her wallet. Bo-ram has a crush on bandmate Min-cheol, who ignores her in favor of Han-na. Jin-ah and Eun-seok are the perfect, cutesy couple, but telling his best friend to take care of her turns out to be Eun-seok's mistake. High school student Bi-ang's reaction to live-in boyfriend Heo Wook's departure is to go out and find a replacement - innocent college student Ho Sin.

## Cast

* Son Tae-young ... Kim Hyo-jeong
* Jang Keun-suk ... Park Won-jae
* Jang Hee-jin ... Nam Bo-ram
* Danny Ahn ... Seo Min-cheol
* Yoo In-young ... Kang Jin-ah
* Kim San-ho ... Jeong Eun-seok
* Han Yeo-reum ... Jo Bi-ang
* Woo Seung-min ... Heo Wook
* Seo Min-woo ... Ho Sin
* Lee Young-jin ... Han-na
* Kim Tae-hyun ... Jae-hyun
# Covert (surname)

Covert is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Allen Covert (born 1964), American comedian
* Eugene E. Covert, American scientist
* Frank Manning Covert (1908–1987), Canadian lawyer
* James W. Covert (1842–1910), American politician
* Jim Covert (born 1960), former American football player
* John Covert (painter) (1882–1960), American painter
* John S. Covert (died 1881), Canadian ship builder and politician
* Ralph Covert, American singer
* Scott Covert, American artist
# Craft Irish Whiskey Company

The Craft Irish Whiskey Co. is an Irish whiskey producing company in Ireland. The company was formed in 2018 by Jay Bradley. In 2021, The Craft Irish Whiskey Co. became the most awarded new company of the year with a total of 32 awards in both taste and design categories for four of its whiskey releases.

## History

The Craft Irish Whiskey Co. was formed in 2018 by Jay Bradley.
The company first produced The Devil’s Keep, distilled in 1991 and launched in November 2020. It became the most expensive debut whiskey in history when a decanter sold at an auction for $60,000 in Texas. The second release by the company was The Emerald Isle, in collaboration with Fabergé, in February 2021. It sold for $2 million at an auction in the US in 2021. The Craft Irish Whiskey Co. donated all the proceeds from the first Emerald Isle box to the Correa Family Foundation, a charity supporting children affected by cancer.
The third release was The Brollach, which was distilled in 2001 and introduced in summer of 2021, followed by the fourth release of The Taoscán in October 2021.

## Varieties

* The Devil’s Keep – Triple distilled and triple casked in American, French and Hungarian Oak for flavour and aroma
* The Emerald Isle – A 30-year-old triple distilled single malt matured in an ex-bourbon barrel before being finished in a single Pedro Ximénez sherry barrel
* The Brollach - Double distilled and double casked in bourbon casks and finished in French Oak Madeira barrels
* The Taoscán - A Tawny Port & Chestnut whiskey, matured in American oak bourbon casks and Sherry Oloroso hogsheads, then split and finished in Tawny Port and Chestnut casks

## Awards

The Craft Irish Whiskey Co. won the Best Innovation category at the Best Business Awards in 2022. The company won Masters and Gold Medals at The Luxury Spirits Masters 2021 and also became the only whiskey to win Gold at the A’Design Awards 2021 and again in 2022, It also won a perfect score and Platinum for The Emerald Isle.
The Devil’s Keep won Best Irish Single Malt whiskey in Ireland across all categories at The World Whiskies Awards in 2022. It also won a Gold at The A’Design Awards, a Gold medal from the IWSC Competition, a Gold from The Spirits Business Luxury Masters Awards and from the Luxury Packaging Awards.
The Taoscán and The Brollach won Silver and Bronze at The World Whiskies Awards 2022 in the Best Single Malt category, across all age categories. The company is the exclusive Michelin Plaque Distribution Partner for The Michelin Guide Star Revelation Great Britain and Ireland 2022.
Tiago Russo, the Chief Design Officer of The Craft Irish Whiskey Co., won the 2023 Kyoto Global Design Awards for Finn Whiskey Glass, The Aodh and The Donn in Industrial category.
# Craig Reynolds

Craig Reynolds may refer to:
* Craig Reynolds (actor) (1907–1949), American film actor
* Craig Reynolds (American football) (born 1996), American football player
* Craig Reynolds (baseball) (born 1952), baseball player
* Craig Reynolds (computer graphics) (born 1953), computer graphics artist
* Craig Reynolds (soccer) (born 1953), retired American soccer defender
# Cranichis muscosa

Cranichis muscosa, the cypress-knee helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid. It is widespread across most of the West Indies, extending into Central America, southern Mexico, Belize, northern South America, and southern Florida.
# Criner, Oklahoma

Criner is an unincorporated community in McClain County, Oklahoma, United States. It is located on State Highway 59.
Criner is named after nearby Criner Creek, which in turn was named after the rancher George A. Criner.
# Crhov

Crhov is a municipality and village in Blansko District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
Crhov lies approximately 26 kilometres (16 mi) north-west of Blansko, 41 km (25 mi) north of Brno, and 157 km (98 mi) south-east of Prague.
# Crataegus aemula

Crataegus aemula, the Rome hawthorn, is a species of hawthorn that is common in some parts of Mississippi and Georgia, and also occurs in Alabama. It is a perennial shrub or tree. Its habitats include oak flatwoods and brush.
# Criminal menopause

Criminal menopause is an informal term describing a decrease in anti-social behavior that correlates with human aging. In the United States, for example, people over 60 years are responsible for less than one percent of crime. Another study found that only two percent of convicts paroled after age 55 are ever imprisoned again. The term criminal menopause alludes the human female biological process of menopause, in which ovulation and menstruation slow and then cease, eventually resulting in natural infecundity. There is no generally accepted method for assessing whether or not a convicted criminal has entered a state of criminal menopause.
Marie Gottschalk writes in Caught: The Prison State and the Lockdown of American Politics:
   The evidence that people age out of crime is compelling. Researchers have persistently found that age is one of the most important predictors of criminality. Criminal activity tends to peak in late adolescence or early adulthood and then declines as a person ages, a process that some have termed criminal menopause. Finally, many lifers are first-time offenders convicted of homicide. The phrase one, then done is commonly used to sum up their criminal proclivities.
According to the author of a Los Angeles Review of Books article on prison reform in California, "Ed Bunker, the celebrated novelist who spent 18 years behind bars, including a stint in San Quentin as the youngest prisoner ever to enter the institution, would always tell me: 'crime is a young man's game.'"
There is a complicated moral, financial and social calculus to be made by states that hold large populations of aging criminals. The country of the United States is expected to have 400,000 elderly incarcerated people by 2030. One study found that the recidivism rate of ex-convicts who had served more than 25 years of prison time was "essentially zero." In 1992 a manager of Louisiana's Department of Public Safety and Corrections recommending releasing prisoners over 45 years of age who had already served 20 or more years. In 2010, a 90-year-old man who bludgeoned to death his 89-year-old wife was said the defy "the theories about criminal menopause."
# Crofton baronets

There have been four baronetcies created for persons with the surname Crofton, two in the Baronetage of Ireland and two in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. As of 2023, three creations are extant; one is held with a barony.
* Crofton Baronets of The Mote (first creation, 1661)
* Crofton baronets of The Mote (second creation, 1758): see Baron Crofton
* Crofton Baronets of Mohill (1801)
* Crofton Baronets of Longford House (1838)
# Cristina, l'Europa siamo noi

Cristina, l'Europa siamo noi (Cristina: We are Europe) is a television series broadcast on Rete 4 in autumn 1991 with Cristina D'Avena, directed by Francesco Vicario, within the program Cartonissimi. It is the last television series starring Cristina D'Avena.

## Plot

Cristina, Francesca, Julia, left home and moved it to Julia's grandparents, and then began working as a singer and television host, knowing Edward, a boy who becomes her manager.
# Crombrugghia reichli

Crombrugghia reichli is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in the eastern Mediterranean region, including Cyprus and Turkey.
The wingspan is 19–24 millimetres (0.75–0.94 in). Adults are on wing in May (Turkey) and from July to August (in Cyprus). There is one or possibly two generations per year.
# Crossea gemmata

Crossea gemmata is a species of small sea snail or micromollusc, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Conradiidae.

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to Australia. It occurs off the Northern Territory.
# Cross Bay Walk

The Cross Bay Walk is a historical hiking route in Northwest England that crosses Morecambe Bay. It traditionally connected Hest Bank, Lancashire with Kents Bank, Cumbria. The exact route of the walk varies depending upon local conditions, but is usually between 6 and 8 mi (9.7 and 12.9 km) in length.

## History and guides

A route across Morecambe Bay has existed for centuries, with passage by foot and even, at least until the local railway opened in 1857, mail coaches. Due to the hazardous nature of the bay, particularly its areas of quick sand and unpredictable water channels, guides have assisted travellers throughout history. Prior to the dissolution of the monasteries, monks of Furness at Cartmel Priory provided guides for travellers across Morecambe Bay. After the dissolution, the Duchy of Lancaster assumed responsibility for appointing the guides, with the first appointment made in 1538. The first two appointments were made by letters patent, with subsequent appointments made by the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. In 2012, the duty to appoint the Queen's Guide to the Sands was transferred to the Guide Over Sands Trust, whose trustees include local aristocrat Lord Cavendish.

## Route

The exact route of the crossing has always varied depending upon local conditions, such as tidal conditions and the location of the sand flats that make up the route. The walk originally connected Hest Bank in Lancashire with Kents Bank in Cumbria. More recently, the route has instead crossed Morecambe Bay between Arnside, Cumbria and Kents Bank due to safety concerns.

### Public Right of Way

A public byway open to all traffic exists across Morecambe Bay, ensuring permanent public access to the route. However, the route of public right of way, which connects Hest Bank and Kents Bank, should not be taken as the exact crossing route. Indeed, the Queen's Guide to the Sands of the time, Cedric Robinson MBE, described the notion of a designated public right of way as "foolhardy" and stated that it was "impossible to draw the path on the map because it would be obsolete from day one".
The Cross bay working group, made up of Lancaster City Council, South Lakeland District Council, HM Coastguard, Lancashire Constabulary, Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service and Walk Guides, strongly advises that crossings should only be undertaken by well organised groups. Current signage located at the Hest Bank start of the public byway, warns hikers to only cross the bay with the official guide.

## Charity events and culture

Taking part in an organised Cross Bay Walk is a popular charity fund raising event, with frequent events raising thousands of pounds for local charities. Such events have always risked cancellation if the weather in the preceding days leads to unsafe conditions, and in 2020 events were cancelled because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
In 2021, guided crossings by 8,365 walkers, 860 runners and 61 horses raised over £300,000 for 35 charities. This included the first recorded naturist walk, in which about 60 participants disrobed half a mile offshore until within half a mile of the far shore.
# Cross Anchor, Tennessee

Cross Anchor is a small unincorporated community in north-central Greene County, Tennessee. It is located north of Greeneville and south of Baileyton.
# Cryptic shock

Pre-shock is also known as compensated shock, or cryptic shock describes the state in which the human body is still capable of offsetting the abnormally reduced tissue perfusion by exerting compensatory mechanism.
For instance, in a solely hypovolemia without formally entering shock state, the body is able to constrict peripheral vessels, accelerate heart rate, and boost myocardial contractility to compensate for the negative impacts out of a certain percentage reduction in total effective arterial blood volume. Thus, the person, particularly for those non-elderly who have higher physical reserve, might not be symptomatic of such blood loss accounted for certain amount of total blood volume in the body and might even manifest a normal systolic pressure as well as diastolic pressure. Taken together, tachycardia, a modest change in overall blood pressure in either trend—increase or decrease—or hyperlactatemia that is not deemed to be moderate to severe, are the likely only early signs of clinical shock.
Clinical shock aka uncompensated shock is termed overt shock.
# Cryptic woolly bat

The cryptic woolly bat, also known as the flat-headed woolly bat (Kerivoula crypta), is a species of vesper bat found in southern India and Sri Lanka.

## Taxonomy

It was described as a new species in 1913 by Robert Charles Wroughton and Kathleen V. Ryley. The holotype had been collected in 1912 by Guy C. Shortridge in Shimoga, India.
Kerivoula crypta was traditionally considered synonymous with Kerivoula hardwickii (Hardwicke's woolly bat) until a 2018 genetic study revealed that K. hardwickii actually represented a species complex of bat species that appeared similar but differed genetically.

## Description

The cryptic woolly bat is similar in appearance to Hardwicke's woolly bat. Unlike Hardwicke's woolly bat, individual hairs on its body are uniform in color (vs. bicolored). The fur on its belly is slightly lighter than that on its back. Its flight membranes lack fur, with the wing membrane attaching to the hind limb at the base of the first toe. The tragus is long and gradually tapering to a sharp point.
The head and body length is approximately 41–45 mm (1.6–1.8 in) and the forearm length is about 33–34.7 mm (1.30–1.37 in).

## Range and habitat

The cryptic woolly bat is native to southern India and Sria Lanka. It is found at a range of elevations, encompassing both lowland and montane habitats.
# Crystallozyga

Crystallozyga is a monotypic snout moth genus. Its only species, Crystallozyga alicia, is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Both the genus and species were first described by Edward Meyrick in 1937.
# Crossroads, Wayne County, Tennessee

Crossroads is an unincorporated community located in Wayne County, Tennessee.
# Crumlin railway station (Wales)

The Crumlin railway stations historically served the town of Crumlin, South Wales. Both stations are now closed and no longer exist.

## History
### Crumlin High Level

51°40′34″N 3°08′39″W﻿ / ﻿51.6762°N 3.1442°W﻿ / 51.6762; -3.1442 Crumlin High Level was located to the western bank of the famous Crumlin Viaduct on the Taff Vale Extension of the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway. It was opened on 8 October 1857 and closed on 15 June 1964.

### Crumlin Low Level

51°40′38″N 3°08′22″W﻿ / ﻿51.6773°N 3.1394°W﻿ / 51.6773; -3.1394 This station opened as Crumlin on 21 December 1850. It was sited in the Ebbw Valley in the town centre. It was the joining point of the Beaufort Ironworks Tramway running to Ebbw Vale in the north, and the Monmouthshire Canal Tramway running to Newport in the south. It was renamed Crumlin Low Level on 1 September 1881 and closed on 30 April 1962.In 2008 the low-level line running through Crumlin resumed passenger services as the Ebbw Valley Railway, with the nearest access being at Newbridge railway station.
# Culture and Arts Capital of the Turkic World

Culture and Arts Capital of the Turkic World, (Turkish: Türk Dünyası Kültür Başkenti) is a city designated by the TÜRKSOY for a period of one calendar year during which it organises a series of cultural events.
The decision for a cultural capital was made during the tenth meeting of Türksoy in 2010. The first city is selected as Astana for the year 2012. With the 2013 edition, a Eurovision themed song contest, Turkvision Song Contest, debuted.

## List of capital cities

| Year | City | Country/Region | Notes/Notable activities |
| 2012 | Astana | Kazakhstan | - |
| 2013 | Eskişehir | Turkey | Turkvision Song Contest 2013 |
| 2014 | Kazan | Tatarstan ( Russia) | Turkvision Song Contest 2014 |
| 2015 | Mary | Turkmenistan | - |
| 2016 | Sheki | Azerbaijan | - |
| 2017 | Turkistan | Kazakhstan | - |
| 2018 | Kastamonu | Turkey | - |
| 2019 | Osh | Kyrgyzstan | - |
| 2020 | Khiva | Uzbekistan | Also 2021, due to COVID-19 pandemic |
| 2022 | Bursa | Turkey | 2022 World Nomad Games, 2nd Korkut Ata Film Festival |
| 2023 | Shusha | Azerbaijan | 3rd Korkut Ata Film Festival |
| 2024 | Anau | Turkmenistan | - |
| 2025 | Aktau | Kazakhstan | - |
* Eskişehir (Turkey), Capital for 2013
* Kazan (Russia), Capital for 2014
* Mary (Turkmenistan), Capital for 2015
* Sheki (Azerbaijan), Capital for 2016
* Turkistan (Kazakhstan), Capital for 2017
* Kastamonu (Turkey), Capital for 2018
* Osh (Kyrgyzstan), Capital for 2019
* Khiva (Uzbekistan), Capital for 2020
* Bursa (Turkey), Capital for 2022
* Shusha (Azerbaijan), capital for 2023
* Aktau (Kazakhstan), capital for 2025
# Cryptotermes dudleyi

The West Indian drywood termite (Cryptotermes dudleyi) is a species of dry wood termite of the genus Cryptotermes. It is native to Java, Indonesia and exotic to Australia, Trinidad and Tobago and Sri Lanka. It is predominantly a house termite found in natural and man-made wooden structures. Thus, this is the most commonest and most devastating drywood pest termite found in the world. It is a larger termite species, with 4.55–7.15 millimetres (3⁄16–9⁄32 in) length in soldiers.

## Description

* Imago - General body color is tawny brown. Wings are faintly tinged with brown. Sub-triangular eyes are prominent and large. Antennae composed of 15-18 segments.
* Soldier - Head yellowish brown. Antennae are pale yellow-brown in color. Prominent genal horns.

## Castes

* Primary Reproductives
* Workers/Pseudergates
* Soldier
* Neotenic Reproductive
* Eggs
# Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering all aspects of the behavioral sciences. It was established in 2015 and is published by Elsevier as part of their Current Opinion series of journals. The editors-in-chief are Cindy Lustig (University of Michigan) and Trevor Robbins (University of Cambridge). Each issue covers a specific theme and is edited by one or more guest editors.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in Current Contents/Life Sciences, Current Contents/Social & Behavioral Sciences, Embase, PsycINFO, Science Citation Index Expanded, Scopus, and the Social Sciences Citation Index. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 5.0.