OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Amalprava Das

Amalprava Das, also known as Amal Prabha Das, (1911–1994) was an Indian social worker, Gandhian and the founder of Kasturba Ashram at Sarania Hills, Assam, a self help group for women and their economic upliftment and Guwahati Yubak Sevadal, a non governmental organization working for the social development of harijans. The Government of India honoured her in 1954, with the award of Padma Shri, the fourth highest Indian civilian award for her contributions to the society, placing her among the first recipients of the award. A recipient of the 1981 Jamnalal Bajaj Award, Das was honoured again by the Government of India with the second highest civilian award of Padma Vibhushan which she declined to accept.

## Early life

Amalprava was born on 12 November 1911 in a rich family to noted Gandhian couple, Hare Krishna Das and Hema Prabha Das in Dibrugarh in the Northeast Indian state of Assam. She did her schooling at local educational institutions, but was denied admission at the local Cotton College and had to move to Bethune College in Calcutta for college studies from where she passed the school leaving (or university entrance) examination in 1929. Later she joined the Scottish Church College and earned a bachelor's degree (BSc) in chemistry and a master's degree (MSc) in applied chemistry, and in so doing, became the first Assamese woman to obtain a master's degree in science. She continued her studies to gain a diploma in clinical pathology and refused a teaching job at the British run Cotton College citing patriotic reasons.
In 1934 Das had an opportunity to interact with Mahatma Gandhi when the leader of the Indian freedom movement stayed at her house during a visit to Guwahati. This meeting is reported to have influenced her and guided her in her future endeavors. She established Maitri Ashram (later renamed as Kasturba Ashram) in a property owned by her father in Sarania Hills which was later donated to Kasturba Memorial Trust. Under the aegis of the ashram, she organized training for the womenfolk of the village in cottage industries so that they might become financially self-reliant. She also founded several institutions such as Gram Sevika Vidyalaya, Kasturba Kalyan Kendra, Gauhati Katai Mandal, Guwahati Yubak Sevadal and Assam Go-Seva Samiti.
When the Government of India introduced the Padma Awards in 1954, she was included for the award of Padma Shri. She received the Jamnalal Bajaj Award in 1981 for "Outstanding Contribution in Constructive Work". The Government of India selected her later for the second highest civilian award of Padma Vibhushan, but she declined the award due to apathy towards public honours. Her life and times have been recorded in the book, A Biography, published in 1986, after her demise. The Department of Social Welfare of the Government of Assam has instituted an award in her honour, Amal Prava Das Award which is being awarded for commitment and excellence in social service since 2013. The department is in the process of making a documentary depicting the life of Amalprava Das.
# Amalric Walter

Victor Amalric Walter (19 May 1870 – 9 November 1959) was a French glass maker mainly known for his pâte de verre (a glass casting method that translates as glass paste) pieces.

## Biography

Born in Sèvres on 19 May 1870, Walter first worked at the Manufacture nationale de Sèvres, near Paris, where he decorated and glazed earthenware pieces. He won a bronze award at the National and Colonial Fair of Rouen in 1896 and a gold award at the International Work Faire of Paris in 1901. He was impressed by the pâtes de verre of Albert Damousse and Henri Cros who received the Gold Medal of the 1900 World's Fair.
He then decided to work for the Cristalleries Daum at Nancy, France, from 1904 or 1905, where he stayed until the first World War in 1915. There, he met a designer/modelist, Henri Bergé, with whom he made pâtes de verre always signed "Daum Nancy", without his name nor Bergé's name. With his help, he cast around 100 different models; but few of these pieces from this period were preserved. He help decorating the living room of the Maison Losseau in 1911 with 15 pâte de verres representing the Belfry of Thuin and the river Sambre.
After the war, he decided to create his own glass studio at Nancy, rue Claudot. He continued his collaboration with Henri Bergé. From 1919 to 1935 with Bergé and other famous sculptors or designers, he cast not less than 500 models, always in few numbers due to the sophisticated technique of glass kiln casting. It is said that when he was not happy about pieces that came out from the kiln, he used to throw them onto the outside wall of his studio, saying he was a genuine perfectionist. His staff was not numerous (8-10 workers maximum).
Art Deco began to replace Art Nouveau, and arts and crafts production or small business sector became non-competitive due to high manufacturing costs. He then reoriented his production and cast simpler pieces, influenced by Art Deco design. Most of his pieces of the later period involve at most three colours, to reduce costs.
After 1935, Walter's workshop closed. He also progressively became blind. He died on 9 November 1959, blind and destitute, at Lury-sur-Arnon where he was visiting a friend.

## Legacy

Walter's work and glass casting process was neglected after his death. The Amalric Walter Research Project was launched in 2006 by Keith Cummings and Max Stewart in Dudley, England. At the same time an exhibition on Walter's pâtes de verre was held at the Broadfield House Glass Museum.
# Amasonia

Amasonia is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, native to South America and to the island of Trinidad.
They are shrubs, subshrubs, or perennial herbs. Leaves usually alternate, bracts are brightly colored (red, purple, or yellow), and the sepals are bright red or purple.

## Species

Species include:
* Amasonia angustifolia Mart. & Schauer - Brazil
* Amasonia arborea Kunth - Trinidad, the Guianas, Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Bolivia
* Amasonia calycina Hook.f. - Brazil, Guyana
* Amasonia campestris (Aubl.) Moldenke - Trinidad, the Guianas, Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia
* Amasonia hirta Benth. - Brazil, Paraguay
* Amasonia obovata Gleason - Brazil, Cerro Duida in Venezuela
# Amasra Fortress

Amasra Fortress or Amasra Castle is located in the Amasra district of Bartın, on the Black Sea coast of Turkey. It was built by the Romans and later restored by the Byzantines, Genoese and Ottomans. It consists of two parts: Sormagir Castle and Zindan Castle. It was added to the Tentative List of World Heritage Sites by UNESCO in 2020.
Amasra Fortress consists of two main masses which are connected by a bridge called the Boztepe Arch. The fortress was used extensively during the Genoese period and had serious repairs done in the 14th and 15th centuries. The length of the eastern walls of the fortress between the northeast and southeast is 65 meters, the length of the southern walls with 8 bastions is 300 meters, and the length of the northern walls from the Kemere Bridge, most of which have been destroyed, is 200 meters.
Since the north and northwest of Sormagir Castle descend into the sea in a very steep cliff, no walls were built here. Most of the walls surrounding the east, northeast and west have been destroyed, and a 50-meter part of the west walls adjacent to the gate is still standing. There are tower gaps, interior divisions, and coats of arms of the Genoese placed in certain places on the walls. Figures such as Eros, Medusa, an eagle, and ox head are also still preserved.

## Gallery

* Kemere Bridge
* Fortress gate
# Amata ntebi

Amata ntebi is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by George Thomas Bethune-Baker in 1911. It is found in Uganda.
# Alène

The Alène (French pronunciation:) is a 55.9-kilometre (34.7 mi) long river in the Nièvre department in central France. Its source is at Poil, about 3 kilometres (2 mi) west of the village, in the parc naturel régional du Morvan. It flows generally west. It is a left tributary of the Aron, into which it flows at Cercy-la-Tour, about 15 kilometres (9 mi) east-northeast of Decize.

## Communes along its course

This list is ordered from source to mouth:
* Nièvre: Poil, Millay, Luzy, Fléty, Avrée, Sémelay, Rémilly, Fours, Thaix, Cercy-la-Tour
# Ilsenburg

Ilsenburg (German: ) is a town in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt in Germany. It is situated under the north foot of the Harz Mountains, at the entrance to the Ilse valley with its little river, the Ilse, a tributary of the Oker, about six 6 miles (9.7 km) north-west of the town of Wernigerode. It received town privileges in 1959. Owing to its surrounding of forests and mountains as well as its position on the edge of the Harz National Park, Ilsenburg is a popular tourist resort. Since 2002, it is officially an air spa.

## History

The old castle, Schloss Ilsenburg, lying on a high crag above the town, was originally an imperial stronghold and probably built by King Henry I. In 995 Emperor Otto III resided in Elysynaburg, which Henry II bestowed in 1003 upon the Bishop of Halberstadt, who converted it into a Benedictine monastery. The school attached to it enjoyed a great reputation towards the end of the 11th century. The abbey was finally devastated during the German Peasants' War in 1525.
After the Reformation the castle passed to the counts of Wernigerode, who restored it and made it their residence until 1710. Higher still, on the edge of the plateau rises the Ilsenstein, a granite peak standing about 500 ft (150 m) above the valley, crowned by an iron cross erected by Count Anton von Stolberg-Wernigerode in memory of his friends who fell in the Napoleonic Wars of 1813-1815. Numerous legends cluster around this rock.

## Geography

Ilsenburg is between Wernigerode (Saxony-Anhalt) in the east and Bad Harzburg (Lower Saxony) in the west through the Ilsetal. The Brocken is reachable through the Heinrich-Heine-Weg, that goes along the Scharfenstein and Kleiner Brocken. Ilsenburg is near the Harz National Park. To the west, there is the Harzer Grenzweg at the Green Belt Germany, which goes along the inner German border.

### Town divisions

The town Ilsenburg consists of Ilsenburg proper and the Ortschaften (municipal divisions) Darlingerode and Drübeck. Darlingerode and Drübeck were independent municipalities until they were absorbed by Ilsenburg in July 2009. Other localities within the town are Plessenburg (part of Ilsenburg proper) and Oehrenfeld (part of Drübeck).

## Places of interest

* Am Kruzifix
* Ilsenburg Abbey
* Ilsenburg House
* Ilse valley and Princess Ilse
* Ilsestein
* Froschfelsen
* Market place and chemist's
* Krug Bridge over the Ilse
* former Ilsenburg Factory, today used as a residence
* Bremen Hut, a checkpoint on the Harzer Wandernadel and refuge hut in the Ilse valley

## Transport

Ilsenburg has access to the Bundesstraße 6 federal highway leading from Goslar and the Bundesautobahn 395 to Halle and the Bundesautobahn 14.
At the Ilsenburg train station rail transport is available to Vienenburg and Hanover as well as to Halle and Berlin by Regional-Express trains of the Deutsche Bahn and trains of Veolia.

## Twin town

* Bad Harzburg, Germany
# Cody (band)

Cody stylized as CODY is a Danish musical band founded by the Danish roots musician and songwriter Kasper Kaae in 2009. The band performs alternative country, pop and Nordic folk music. It has released three albums and two EPs to date.
Kaae began writing songs of his own in 2006 and several musicians and friends later joined. They played the Danish Roskilde Festival three times, G! Festival, Spot Festival, By:Larm, Fusion Festival, Montreux Jazz Festival.
Cody's music was used in the soundtrack of the film 12 Meter Ohne Kopf and Danish films En Familie, Kapringen and Me & You Forever.

## Discography
### Albums

| Year | Album | Peak positions | Certification |
| Year | Album | DEN | Certification |
| 2010 | Songs | – | |
| 2012 | Fractures | 20 | |
| 2014 | Windshield | 18 | |
| 2016 | I'll Ride with you | | |
| 2020 | Win Some | | |

### EPs

* 2009: Cody
* 2011: Under the Pillow, Under the elms

### Soundtracks

* 12 Meter Ohne Kopf (German)
* En Familie (Danish, by Pernille Fischer Christensen)
* Kapringen (Danish, by Tobias Lindholm)
* Me & You Forever (Danish by Kaspar Munk)
* Kraftidioten (2014) movie soundtrack
# Anton Mohr

Anton Mohr (8 February 1890 – 14 September 1968) was a Norwegian geographer and historian.
He was born in Fana to merchant and consul Conrad Mohr and Agnete Kroepelien, and was a brother of Wilhelm Mohr. He was a central person in the establishment of the Norwegian School of Economics, and was appointed professor of political history at the institution from 1946 to 60. His works include his thesis Kampen om Nilen from 1923, Kampen om oljen from 1925, Norges Kornforsyning inntil 1914 from 1954, and De 50 statene (1959). He wrote three books on the Napoleonic era, Keiseren av Elba, De hundrede dager and Mot Sankt Helena. He was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1960, and was a Commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy and Knight of the French Legion of Honour.
# Egbert Cleave

Egbert Cleave (flourished 1870s) was an American author from Ohio.

## Publications

* Cleave's biographical cyclopaedia of homoeopathic physicians and surgeons (1873)
* City of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County (1875)
* Biographical cyclopædia of Ohio: Hamilton County, city of Cincinnati (1877)
* A biographical cyclopædia and portrait gallery of distinguished men (1879)
# 23rd Landwehr Division (German Empire)

The 23rd Landwehr Division (23. Landwehr-Division) was a unit of the Imperial German Army in World War I.
# Glenea luteicollis

Glenea luteicollis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae.
# Glasgow Cathedral (disambiguation)

The church commonly known as Glasgow Cathedral is the Church of Scotland High Kirk of Glasgow otherwise known as St. Mungo's Cathedral.
Other cathedrals in Glasgow are:
* St Andrew's Cathedral, Glasgow or Metropolitan Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew (Catholic)
* St Mary's Cathedral, Glasgow (Episcopal)
* Greek Orthodox Cathedral of St. Luke, Glasgow
# Glasgow Central

Glasgow Central can mean:
* Glasgow Central (UK Parliament constituency), a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, from 1885 to 1997 and from 2005 to present
* Glasgow Central Railway, a railway from Maryhill to Glasgow, Scotland
* Glasgow Central station, a railway station in Glasgow, Scotland
# Giuseppe Bortignoni the Younger

Giuseppe Bortignoni the Younger (active between 1883 and 1925) was an Italian painter of genre paintings.
His father Giuseppe Bortignoni the Elder (Bassano, 1778–1860) was a painter and engraver, known better for his latter work with Pietro Bonato and Pietro Bettelini in engraving ceiling decorations from the Vatican.
Bortignoni the Younger was born in Bologna, and was known for painting realistic genre paintings. Among his works were Il Cuoco del Convento and Don Giovanni impenitente, displayed in 1887 in Venice.
Later he worked on the restoration of old church paintings (for instance, in 1914 he renovated Pietro Rotari's Adorazione di San Francesco Borgia in Church of the Suffragio in Rimini). Also in 1914 Bortignoni compiled the third edition of the catalogue of new painting collection belonging to the dukes Massari (now a part of exposition at Palazzo Massari in Ferrara).
# Glen Echo (Ellabell, Georgia)

Glen Echo is a historic plantation house near Ellabell, Georgia, United States. The house was built circa 1773 and is an early example of Plantation Plain style. Records show that the land of Glen Echo Plantation was granted in the colonial era through a king's grant to a member of the Bird family. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.
# Global Library of Women's Medicine

The Global Library of Women's Medicine is a free and publicly available resource of clinical information on women's health launched on 20 November 2008. Its purpose is to provide expert support to obstetricians, gynecologists, and reproductive health professionals.

## History

The site is contributed to by over 750 specialists and its main feature is a large and continually growing library of specially commissioned chapters on most aspects of women's medicine, constantly reviewed and updated. This has recently been supported by the introduction of an online Learning Assessment option, providing Certificates of Study Completion plus Continuing Professional Development awards (from FIGO – International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics) for those who undertake this assessment successfully
The site also includes an extensive section on Safer Motherhood providing practical guidance for nurses, midwives and other healthcare workers and it offers a free Safer Motherhood app so that these resources can accompany care providers during their daily work. Whilst the resources provided by The Global Library are designed to be relevant everywhere, there is an additional special focus on the needs of LMICs.
The Global Library is run as a not-for-profit undertaking and it accepts no advertising or commercial sponsorship; its income is dependent on personal donations and unrestricted educational grants.
The editor-in-chief is Peter von Dadelszen, Professor of Global Women's Health, King's College London.
The website has been certified to be "fully compliant with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information" by the Health On the Net Foundation.

## Welfare of Women

The Welfare of Women global health programme is a new initiative by The Global Library of Women's Medicine and is an attempt to try and provide health professionals globally with immediate access to the latest, state-of-the-art, information on women's health and on the 'best practice' management of relevant clinical conditions.
In particular the programme tries to address the main factors that have, in the past, often limited the effective transmission of such information to those who need it most by using a range of new technologies and approaches in a carefully integrated manner. The factors addressed include language (the programme is multi-lingual), distribution (using the internet AND mobile phone technologies combined to maximise coverage, interactivity (offering options for reader interaction – not just passive study, outreach (global distribution, assisted by local networks and national Societies, adaptability (continuous updating, adaptation and extension) and focus (provided at three separate levels to meet differing needs of readers.
In this way it is hoped that this programme may make a modest but practical contribution to the work of many dedicated healthcare professionals around the world.
# Glenshesk River

The Glenshesk River is a river in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It runs through the Glenshesk valley, one of the Glens of Antrim, and enters the sea at Ballycastle.
# Global analysis

In mathematics, global analysis, also called analysis on manifolds, is the study of the global and topological properties of differential equations on manifolds and vector bundles. Global analysis uses techniques in infinite-dimensional manifold theory and topological spaces of mappings to classify behaviors of differential equations, particularly nonlinear differential equations. These spaces can include singularities and hence catastrophe theory is a part of global analysis. Optimization problems, such as finding geodesics on Riemannian manifolds, can be solved using differential equations, so that the calculus of variations overlaps with global analysis. Global analysis finds application in physics in the study of dynamical systems and topological quantum field theory.

## Journals

* Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry
* The Journal of Geometric Analysis
# Glipostenoda excisa

Glipostenoda excisa is a species of beetle in the genus Glipostenoda. It was described in 1967.
# Glipostenoda hisamatsui

Glipostenoda hisamatsui is a species of beetle in the genus Glipostenoda. It was described in 1956.
# Aurania Rouverol

Aurania Rouverol (née Ellerbeck; August 13, 1886 – June 23, 1955) was an American writer best known for her play Skidding, in which she created Andy Hardy and his family, who were turned into a popular series of sixteen movies from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

## Biography

Aurania Ellerbeck was born, the 22nd baby, in Utah to Thomas Witten Ellerbeck, one of the chief clerks of Brigham Young. She went to Stanford University and studied playwriting at Radcliffe. She worked as an actress on stage.
She died in Palo Alto, California, aged 68 years.
She married Joseph Augustas Rouverol (Rouveyrol) in 1946 and was the mother of actress and author Jean Rouverol (1916–2017).

## Select writings

* Skidding (1928) – play
* It Never Rains (1929) – play
* Dance, Fools, Dance (1931) – film, dialogue
* Growing Pains (1933) – play
* All in Marriage (1935) – play
* Places Please! (1937) – play
# Iliesa Tanivula

Iliesa Samusamuvodre Tanivula (born 20 September 1975) is a former New Zealand sevens player and the current coach of the Fiji sevens team. Tanivula could play most positions in the backline. He mainly played at centre, wing or fullback.

## Playing career

Tanivula was a secondary school sprinter in Fiji and attended Natabua High school. He was a soccer star in Fiji, playing for the Fiji Under-17 before joining the Auckland Development XV in 1997. Tanivula returned to Fiji in 1998 to play for his home side Nadi in the Farebrother Sullivan Trophy challenge against Suva and that was where Tanivula's talent was spotted by Eddie Jones who signed him up with the ACT Brumbies.
He made his debut for Auckland for their National Provincial Championship (NPC) competition in 1999 and in that same year they won the NPC. He had offers from the ACT Brumbies as well as the Auckland Blues to be part of their Super 12 team after having a short stint with the Brumbies in 1999. After playing for the blues in the 2000, He was selected into the New Zealand sevens side he made his debut for the Otago Highlanders in 2001. Tanivula was named player of the NPC in 2003 after his brilliance performance in guiding the Auckland side to another victory as they retained the title. Tanivula headed to Japan in 2005 to represent the Kamaishi Seawaves. A series of injuries to both of his knees ended his playing career in 2006.

## Coaching career

Tanivula coached the Nadi rugby team in the Digicel Cup and in 2008 he created history by winning the Farebrother Sullivan Trophy as well as the Digicel Cup. He also guided the Western Crusaders team which won the Colonial Cup. In early 2009, he guided the Fiji Warriors team to the 2009 Pacific Rugby Cup defeating the Upolu Samoa team in the final. His impressive work pleased the Fiji Rugby Union and they offered him the head coaching job of the Fiji sevens team, a position left vacant after the termination of Waisale Serevi's contract. He coached his first sevens tournament in Wellington where Fiji was bundled out in the quarter finals. the following week in San Diego, Fiji was bundled out in the quarters again. He then coached Fiji to the 2009 Rugby World Cup Sevens where Fiji lost in the quarter finals again and thus losing their world champions status. A few weeks later he turned the table in Hong Kong when Fiji defeated South Africa and claimed a first win in 2 years. He then coached the side to the 2009 World Games where Fiji defeated Portugal to retain their gold medal. Fiji lost at the 2009 London Sevens but won a week later at Murrayfield and finished 2nd in the season under Tanivula's guidance. Tanivula renewed his contract with the FRU for another 3 years hoping to guide Fiji to the 2013 Rugby World Cup Sevens but he was fired in 2011 and replaced by the inept Alifereti Dere who failed to win the Melrose Cup just like his predecessor as the team finished 3rd. Tanivula returned to coaching in the Digicel Cup with Nadi.