OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Euro-Cup

The Euro-Cup was a Group 3 flat horse race in Germany open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It was run at Frankfurt over a distance of 2,000 metres (about 1¼ miles), and it was scheduled to take place each year in September.

## History

The event was contested over 2,000 metres in 1986 and 1987. It was extended to 2,200 metres and given Group 3 status in 1988. From this point it was called the Team Trophy and sponsored by the German Cooperative Financial Group.
The race was promoted to Group 2 level in 1989. It was cut to 2,100 metres in 1990, and to 2,000 metres in 1991.
The event became known as the Made in Europe-Trophy in 1995, and the Flughafen Frankfurt-Trophy in 1997. It was renamed the Henninger-Trophy and increased to 2,050 metres in 1999. It was titled the Arthur Andersen Euro-Cup in 2000.
The race was run at Cologne over 1,850 metres in 2001. That year's edition was called the Preis des Bankhaus Sal. Oppenheim.
The Euro-Cup returned to Frankfurt with a distance of 2,000 metres in 2002. Subsequent sponsors included Ernst & Young and Merrill Lynch.
The race was downgraded to Group 3 level in 2007. It was last run in 2009.

## Records

Most successful horse:
* no horse won this race more than once in the period shown
Leading jockey since 1986 (4 wins):
* Andrasch Starke – Bad Bertrich (1994), Oxalagu (1998), Elle Danzig (2000), Fight Club (2005)
Leading trainer since 1986 (4 wins):
* Peter Schiergen – Catella (1999), Walzerkoenigin (2002), Soldier Hollow (2004), Nordtänzerin (2006)

## Winners since 1986

$^a$ The 2001 running took place at Cologne.
# Eupithecia psiadiata

Eupithecia psiadiata is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Kenya.
The larvae feed on Psiadia arabica.
# Alankoz, Bağlar

Alankoz (formerly: Yalankoz) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bağlar, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds of the Dodikan tribe and had a population of 537 in 2022.
# 0W

0W (zero W) or 0-W may refer to:
* 0W, zero west, or 0°W, coordinate of the prime meridian
* 0W or ZW, or zero width, a non-printing character used in computer typesetting of some complex scripts
** Zero-width joiner
** Zero-width non-joiner
** Zero-width space
** Zero-width non-breaking space
* Zero waste, an environmental concept
# Larry Hoffman (baseball)

Lawrence Charles Hoffman (July 18, 1878 – December 29, 1948) was an American third baseman in Major League Baseball. He played for the Chicago Orphans in 1901. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.
# 2005 Campeonato Paulista

The 2005 Campeonato Paulista de Futebol Profissional da Primeira Divisão - Série A1 was the 104th season of São Paulo's top professional football league. The competition began on 19 January and ended on 17 April. São Paulo became the champions for the 22nd time.

## Teams

| Club | Home city | 2004 result |
| América | São José do Rio Preto | 12th |
| Atlético Sorocaba | Sorocaba | 15th |
| Corinthians | São Paulo (Tatuapé) | 16th |
| Guarani | Campinas | 17th |
| Inter de Limeira | Limeira | 1st (Série A2) |
| Ituano | Itu | 14th |
| Marília | Marília | 10th |
| Mogi Mirim | Mogi Mirim | 18th |
| Palmeiras | São Paulo (Perdizes) | 4th |
| Paulista | Jundiaí | 2nd |
| Ponte Preta | Campinas | 7th |
| Portuguesa | São Paulo (Pari) | 13th |
| Portuguesa Santista | Santos | 6th |
| Rio Branco | Americana | 11th |
| Santo André | Santo André | 9th |
| Santos | Santos | 3rd |
| São Caetano | São Caetano do Sul | 1st |
| São Paulo | São Paulo (Morumbi) | 5th |
| União Barbarense | Santa Bárbara d'Oeste | 8th |
| União São João | Araras | 19th |

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | São Paulo (C) | 19 | 14 | 3 | 2 | 49 | 21 | +28 | 45 |
| 2 | Corinthians | 19 | 11 | 4 | 4 | 33 | 15 | +18 | 37 |
| 3 | Santos | 19 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 38 | 21 | +17 | 37 |
| 4 | Santo André | 19 | 10 | 3 | 6 | 34 | 27 | +7 | 33 |
| 5 | São Caetano | 19 | 10 | 2 | 7 | 35 | 30 | +5 | 32 |
| 6 | Paulista | 19 | 9 | 4 | 6 | 33 | 25 | +8 | 31 |
| 7 | Ituano | 19 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 34 | 34 | 0 | 28 |
| 8 | Mogi Mirim | 19 | 8 | 3 | 8 | 31 | 37 | −6 | 27 |
| 9 | Palmeiras | 19 | 7 | 4 | 8 | 31 | 32 | −1 | 25 |
| 10 | Portuguesa | 19 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 27 | 32 | −5 | 24 |
| 11 | Guarani | 19 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 20 | 25 | −5 | 24 |
| 12 | Marília | 19 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 25 | 31 | −6 | 23 |
| 13 | Portuguesa Santista | 19 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 19 | 26 | −7 | 23 |
| 14 | América | 19 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 37 | 30 | +7 | 28 |
| 15 | Ponte Preta | 19 | 6 | 4 | 9 | 28 | 33 | −5 | 22 |
| 16 | Rio Branco | 19 | 6 | 3 | 10 | 27 | 34 | −7 | 21 |
| 17 | União Barbarense | 19 | 5 | 5 | 9 | 25 | 30 | −5 | 20 |
| 18 | União São João | 19 | 5 | 5 | 9 | 31 | 46 | −15 | 20 |
| 19 | Atlético Sorocaba | 19 | 4 | 4 | 11 | 26 | 37 | −11 | 16 |
| 20 | Inter de Limeira | 19 | 3 | 3 | 13 | 25 | 42 | −17 | 12 |

## Top goalscorers

| Rank | Player | Team | Goals |
| 1 | Finazzi | América | 17 |
| 2 | Deivid | Santos | 12 |
| 2 | Diego Tardelli | São Paulo | 12 |
| 3 | Robinho | Santos | 11 |
| 4 | Rômulo | Ituano | 10 |
| 4 | Frontini | Marília | 10 |
| 4 | Sandro Gaúcho | Santo André | 10 |
| 4 | Borges | União São João | 10 |
| 5 | Roger | Ponte Preta | 9 |
| 5 | Marcinho | São Caetano | 9 |
Source:
# Aaron Sangala

Aaron Sangala (born 1958) is a politician who was appointed Minister of Internal Affairs and Public Security in the cabinet of Malawi in May 2009.

## Artistic and educational career

Aaron Sangala was born in 1958, grandson of James Frederick Sangala, a founding member of the Nyasaland African Congress. Sangala worked for Lever Brothers (1974–1981), for the French Embassy teaching modern languages at the French Cultural Centre, and at St. Andrews High School teaching music. He is a founding member of the Sambangoma Cultural Troupe, Capital Theatre, Blantyre Round Table and Tiakalulu Guitar Quartet. With Ricardo Garcia and Bashir Sacranie, he was a founder member of the group Kalulu.

## Political career

Sangala was elected Member of Parliament for Blantyre Ndirande Malabada in 2004. In June 2006 he was appointed Deputy Minister of Health, and in May 2007 became Deputy Minister of Women and Child Development. In 2008 he became Minister of National Defense. He contested the May 2009 General Election on a Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) ticket and was reelected. Sangala was appointed Minister of Internal affairs and Public Security in the cabinet that became effective on 15 June 2009. He retained this position in the cabinet announced on 9 August 2010. He was infamously involved in a parliament brawl with MP Anita Kalinde in 2011 while serving as Minister of Defense. Sangala was physically assaulted in parliament by Kalinde, in a video that was aired on television and went viral in Malawi.
# Abarca, Talca

Abarca is a village located in Talca Province, Chile. It's at the south of Tapihue, at the west of Las Ñipas, and north of Los Puercos Creek.
# Abare Hasshū Goyō Tabi

Abare Hasshū Goyō Tabi (あばれ八州御用旅) was a network prime-time television jidaigeki series in Japan from 1991 to 1994. It starred Teruhiko Saigō.
The series began in 1991 in the 9:00 p.m. time slot on the TV Tokyo network. Saigō created the role of Tōdō Heihachirō. The character was a Kantō torishimari shitsuyaku (関東取締執役), a law-enforcement official of the Tokugawa shogunate, with broad jurisdiction over the Kantō region surrounding the shogunal capital at Edo. A common alternative name for the post was Hasshū-mawari, alluding to the eight provinces (hasshū) of the region; the title incorporates this name. He traveled incognito, investigating the places he visited, and donned white costume for the finale, where he killed all the wrongdoers.
The cast included many other widely known entertainers. Jun'ichi Nitta had a repeating role as a doctor on Abarenbō Shōgun and appeared in Ultraman Dyna, Mito Kōmon, the NHK Taiga drama Dokuganryū Masamune, Chōshichirō Edo Nikki and other television series. Yōko Natsuki was a regular member of the original cast of Abarenbō Shōgun. Beat Kiyoshi is an owarai comic, formerly partner of Beat Takeshi. Tetsuo Kurata is known for his role in Kamen Rider Black/Kamen Rider Black RX and other tokusatsu productions. Daijirō Tsutsumi has risen to prominence in guest roles, and has had other regular parts. He joined the fire-fighting company as a bookkeeper in Abarenbō Shōgun, and portrays shogun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi on Mito Kōmon. Reiko Takashima has starred in many jidaigeki and present-day series. Raita Ryū, who played the bounty-hunter Yamasaki Tetsunosuke, has dozens of supporting and guest-star roles to his credit. Among them are Amari Torayasu in the 2007 taiga drama Fūrin Kazan.
The series was produced by TV Tokyo and Union Motion Picture. Shunsuke Kikuchi wrote the music for the show, and Saigō sang the theme songs.
The series has been rebroadcast many times. The first series of Abare Hasshū Goyō Tabi is available on DVD. The Jidaigeki Channel distributed it via satellite and cable in September 2008.
The production was in color. Episodes lasted 45 minutes within the time slot. TV Tokyo regularly broadcasts jidaigeki in the Friday 9:00–9:54 time slot.

## Cast

* Teruhiko Saigō as Tōdō Heihachirō
* Raita Ryū as Tetsunosuke Yamazaki
* Yōko Natsuki as Sayuri
* Miyuki Kanō
* Junichi Nitta
* Reiko Takashima
* Umenosuke Nakamura as Mizuno Tadakuni
* Yoshiko Kinohara
* Rika Miura
# Abd Allah ibn al-Husayn

Abd Allah ibn al-Husayn is an Arabic name that may refer to:
* Abd Allah ibn al-Husayn, also known as Ali al-Asghar ibn Husayn (died 680), youngest son of Husayn ibn Ali
* Abd Allah al-Mahdi Billah (873–934), Isma'ili Imam and founder of the Fatimid Caliphate
* Abdullah I of Jordan (1882–1951), ruler of Jordan from 1921 until his assassination in 1951
# 2007 Qantas Television Awards

The 2007 Qantas Television Awards were presented on Saturday 24 November, in a ceremony at the Aotea Centre in Auckland, New Zealand, celebrating the year in New Zealand television and television media. The awards were hosted by television presenters Jason Gunn and Petra Bagust, with entertainment from the Auckland Philharmonia Orchestra, Evermore, Candy Lane and the Qantas Cure Kids Choir.

## Winners

The Qantas Television Awards were announced on Saturday 24 November 2007.

### News and Current Affairs Winners
#### Best News

3 News (TV3)

#### Best News or Current Affairs Presenter

Mark Sainsbury, Close Up (TV One)

#### Best News Reporting

3 News "Benson Pope" (TV3)

#### Best Current Affairs Reporting for a Weekly Programme or One Off Current Affairs Special

Sunday "The Tiler's Tale" (TV One)

#### Best Current Affairs Reporting for a Daily Programme

Campbell Live "Spider" (TV3)

#### Best Current Affairs Series

60 Minutes "Episode 20" (TV3)

#### Investigation of the Year

3 News "Let us Spray" (TV3)

#### TV Journalist of the Year

Duncan Garner, 3 News (TV3)

### News and Current Affairs Craft Winners
#### Best News Camera

Christopher Brown, One News (TV One)

#### Best Current Affairs Camera

Mike Dodd, Sunday (TV One)

#### Best News/Current Affairs Editing

Andrew Gibb, Sunday (TV One)

### General Television Winners
#### Best Actor in a TV Drama

Antony Starr, Outrageous Fortune (TV3)

#### Best Actress in a TV Drama

Robyn Malcolm Outrageous Fortune (TV3)

#### Best Drama

Outrageous Fortune "Xmas Special" (TV3)

#### Best Script (non-factual)

James Griffin, Outrageous Fortune (TV3)

#### Best Director (drama)

Nathan Price, The Hothouse (TV One)

#### Best Arts/ Festival Documentary

Love, Speed and Loss (TV3)

#### Best Children's/Youth Programme

Let's Get Inventin - "Magic Gadget" (TV2)

#### Best Comedy

Pulp Sport "Episode 7" (TV3)

#### Best Entertainment

Dancing with the Stars "Episode 1" (TV One)

#### Best Information/ Lifestyle

Fair Go "Episode 3" (TV One)

#### Best Popular Documentary

The Time of our Lives (TV3)

#### Best Reality (format)

Marae DIY (Maori TV)

#### Best Sports or Event Coverage

The 32nd America's Cup "The Build-up & Race 1 Valencia" (TV One)

#### Best Observational Reality (non format)

Emergency "Episode 2" (TV One)

#### Best Director (non-drama)

Melanie Rakena, ICE (TV One)

### General Television Craft Winners
#### Best Editing (factual)

Simon Coldrick, NZSAS: First Among Equals(TV3)

#### Best Camera (factual)

Jacob Bryant, Ends of the Earth (TV One)

#### Best Camera (non-factual)

Simon Baumfield, The Hothouse (TV One)

#### Best Editing (non-factual)

Bryan Shaw, Outrageous Fortune (TV3)

### Woman's Day People's Choice Awards 2007
#### Favourite NZ Female Personality

Robyn Malcolm

#### Favourite NZ Male Personality

Marc Ellis

#### Favourite NZ Show

Outrageous Fortune

#### Favourite International Show

Grey's Anatomy
# 2006–07 Croatian Football Cup

The 2006–07 Croatian Football Cup was the sixteenth season of Croatia's football knockout competition.

## Calendar

| Round | Main date | Number of fixtures | Clubs | New entries this round |
| Preliminary round | 30 August 2006 | 16 | 48 → 32 | none |
| First round | 20 September 2006 | 16 | 32 → 16 | 16 |
| Second round | 25 October 2006 | 8 | 16 → 8 | none |
| Quarter-finals | 22 and 29 November 2006 | 8 | 8 → 4 | none |
| Semi-finals | 14 March and 4 April 2007 | 4 | 4 → 2 | none |
| Final | 9 and 26 May 2007 | 2 | 2 → 1 | none |

## Preliminary round

The preliminary round was held on 30 August 2006.
| Tie no | Home team | Score | Away team |
| 1 | Koprivnica | 1–1 (6–5 p) | Metalac Osijek |
| 2 | Medulin 1921 | 2–3 | Vinogradar |
| 3 | Mladost Ždralovi | 4–0 | Samobor |
| 4 | Oriolik | 3–3 (4–5 p) | Hrvace |
| 5 | Križevci | 6–2 | Slavonac CO |
| 6 | Vodice | 2–3 | Segesta |
| 7 | Graničar | 2–2 (2–4 p) | Croatia Sesvete |
| 8 | Vukovar '91 | 3–0 | Rudar Labin |
| 9 | Bratstvo Gornje Bazje | 0–1 | Karlovac |
| 10 | Nova Ves | 0–5 | Grobničan |
| 11 | Dragovoljac Poličnik | 1–3 | Novalja |
| 12 | Konavljanin | 4–0 | Zagorec |
| 13 | Dinamo Palovec | 0–0 (3–4 p) | Đakovo |
| 14 | Međimurje | 2–0 | Slavija Pleternica |
| 15 | Bjelovar | 3–2 | Moslavina |
| 16 | Lučko | 1–1 (5–6 p) | Podravina |

## First round

Matches played on 20 September 2006.
| Tie no | Home team | Score | Away team |
| 1 | Đakovo | 1–2 | Rijeka |
| 2 | Grobničan | 0–2 | Dinamo Zagreb |
| 3 | Konavljanin | 2–1 | Varteks |
| 4 | Mladost Ždralovi | 0–3 | Hajduk Split |
| 5 | Križevci | 2–5 | Osijek |
| 6 | Hrvace | 1–1 (6–5 p) | Pula Staro Češko |
| 7 | Podravina | 1–4 | Kamen Ingrad |
| 8 | Karlovac | 0–1 | Cibalia |
| 9 | Vukovar '91 | 2–1 | Pomorac |
| 10 | Novalja | 0–4 | NK Zagreb |
| 11 | Koprivnica | 0–2 | Slaven Belupo |
| 12 | Bjelovar | 0–3 | Inter Zaprešić |
| 13 | Croatia Sesvete | 2–2 (5–6 p) | Belišće |
| 14 | Segesta | 3–1 | Zadar |
| 15 | Međimurje | 1–4 | Šibenik |
| 16 | Vinogradar | 1–1 (6–7 p) | Hrvatski Dragovoljac |

## Second round

Matches played on 24 and 25 October 2006.
| Tie no | Home team | Score | Away team |
| 1 | Hajduk Split | 5–2 (aet) | Belišće |
| 2 | Inter Zaprešić | 3–1 | Osijek |
| 3 | Slaven Belupo | 4–2 | Hrvace |
| 4 | NK Zagreb | 1–1 (5–3 p) | Kamen Ingrad |
| 5 | Cibalia | 2–0 (aet) | Vukovar '91 |
| 6 | Hrvatski Dragovoljac | 0–0 (3–5 p) | Rijeka |
| 7 | Dinamo Zagreb | 3–0 | Šibenik |
| 8 | Konavljanin | 2–0 | Segesta |

## Quarter-finals

First legs were held on 21 and 22 November and second legs between 28 November and 6 December 2006.
| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Cibalia | 4–6 | Hajduk Split | 2–3 | 2–3 |
| Inter Zaprešić | 2–4 | Dinamo Zagreb | 1–2 | 1–2 |
| Rijeka | 4–3 | Konavljanin | 3–1 | 1–2 |
| Slaven Belupo | 9–2 | NK Zagreb | 6–0 | 3–2 |

## Semi-finals

Slaven Belupo won 3–2 on aggregate.
Dinamo Zagreb won 3–2 on aggregate.

## Final
### Second leg

Dinamo Zagreb won 2–1 on aggregate.
# Abdilatif Abdalla

Abdilatif Abdalla (born 1946 in Mombasa) is a Kenyan writer and political activist. He was imprisoned for his support of the Kenya People's Union, and began writing poetry in solitary confinement. A collection of poems from this time were published as a book titled Sauti ya Dhiki (1973), which was awarded the Jomo Kenyatta Prize for Literature.

## Early life

Abdilatif Abdalla was born in Mombasa, Kenya, in 1946, where he was brought up by his grandfather Ahmad Basheikh bin Hussein. Abdalla attended school in Faza, before undertaking further studies at the British Tutorial College. He began his political involvement after working for the Mombasa City Council as an assistant accountant, writing the pamphlet Kenya Twendapi? (Eng: Kenya, Where Are We Headed) in support of the Kenya People's Union in 1968.

## Political imprisonment and writing

When the Kenyan Government of Jomo Kenyatta conducted a crackdown on KPU activists, Abdalla was imprisoned for conspiracy between 1969 and 1972. He was at first held in Kamiti Prison, and later in Shimo la Tewa Prison, where he was kept in solitary confinement. It was while imprisoned that he wrote the poems that would be collected in the 1973 work Sauti ya Dhiki, whose title translates to "Voice of Agony". These were written in the Mombasa version of the Swahili language and published by his older brother Sheikh Abdilahi Nassir. He later explained that writing the poems in solitary confinement had kept him sane.
After he was awarded the Jomo Kenyatta Prize for Literature for Sauti ya Dhiki in 1974, he moved in exile to Tanzania. While there he worked as a senior researcher on Swahili at the University of Dar es Salaam and collaborated editing a Swahili dictionary. In 1979, he moved to London and worked for BBC Swahili department, later editing the news magazine Africa Events. Abdalla's only English language poem was published in 1988, entitled Peace, Love and Unity for Whom?. This was in response to an attempt by Daniel arap Moi's government to bribe Abdalla into no longer working with Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o. Abdalla has since taught Swahili at Leipzig University.

## Works

* Utenzi wa maisha ya Adamu na Hawaa (1971)
* Sauti ya Dhiki (1973)
# Abishegapakkam

Abishegapakkam is a panchayat village in Ariyankuppam Commune in the Union Territory of Puducherry, India. It is also a revenue village under Ariyankuppam Firka

## Geography

Abishegapakkam is bordered by Pudukkadi Village, Tamil Nadu in the west, Villianur Commune in the north, Thavalakuppam and Singirikudi (Tamil Nadu) in the east and Thimma Nayakan Palayam in the south

## Demographics

Abishegapakkam has an average literacy rate of 81.49%. The male literacy is 88.89%, the female literacy is 74.13%, and 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.

## Road Network

Abishegapakkam is connected to Pondicherry by Thavalakuppam–Embalam State Highway (RC-20). It is also connected to Villianur by the Abishegapakkam-Uruvaiyaru road.

## Tourism
### Singirikudi Lakshminarashimhar Koil

Singirikudi Lakshminarashimhar Koil is located at 0.2 km from Abishegapakkam. Singirikudi is famous for the Ugira Narashimhar. Abishegapakkam is the main access point to reach this temple.

## Politics

Abishegapakkam is a part of Manavely (State Assembly Constituency) which comes under Puducherry (Lok Sabha constituency).
* Abishegapakkam village on RC-20
* Abishegapakkam Entry from Pudukkadai
# Aboriginal Housing Office

The NSW Aboriginal Housing Office (AHO) is a statutory authority within NSW Department of Family and Community Services in the Government of New South Wales that is responsible for the planning, development, delivery and evaluation of programs and services to support Aboriginal people in meeting their housing needs in the state of New South Wales, Australia.
The authority was established pursuant to the Aboriginal Housing Act 1998 and is led by its chief executive, presently, Famey Williams, who reports to an independent board that is ultimately responsible to the Minister for Families and Communities, presently the Hon. Natasha Maclaren-Jones MLC.

## Purpose and function

In exercising its principal functions, the AHO is required to;
* liaise with other government agencies and non-government bodies in the delivery of Aboriginal housing programs and services,
* coordinate Aboriginal housing programs and services with other programs and services that are provided by government agencies (including Commonwealth agencies) and non-government bodies to assist Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders,
* develop priorities for Aboriginal housing programs and services in accordance with the objects of the Act,
* advise the Minister on Aboriginal housing policy,
* develop and implement strategies for the employment of Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders in the delivery of Aboriginal housing programs and services.
The AHO works with the NSW Office of Community Housing and Housing NSW through their roles as complementary providers of social housing and their joint development of regional strategies for housing assistance. The AHO has contractual arrangements with Housing NSW for the provision of services including procurement, and tenancy and asset management.

## History

The Aboriginal Housing Act (NSW) was passed by the Parliament of New South Wales on 26 June 1998 and the NSW Aboriginal Housing Office was established on 24 July 1998. The passing of the act acknowledged the NSW government's commitment to the management, development and reform of the Aboriginal housing sector in NSW and established the AHO as the single administrative agency for delivering housing and housing-related programs across New South Wales.
Lyall Munro Snr was an inaugural member of the NSW Aboriginal Housing Office and the AHO Regional Aboriginal Housing Committee.
# Abele spelen

The abele spelen (Dutch pronunciation:) are a collection of four plays contained in the Van Hulthem Manuscript, which dates from 1410 and is in the collection of the Royal Library of Belgium in Brussels (shelfmark hs. 15.589-623).
The word ‘abele’ means ‘noble’, and the ‘spelen’ means ‘plays’. In this sense the word ‘noble’ is used as the opposite of ‘religious’, i.e. 'profane'. The "noble plays" date from around 1350. They are the oldest plays of a worldly, non-religious nature known in the Dutch language, and among the oldest known in West-European theatre.
All four plays concern love, and are written in the style of stories of hoofse liefde or courtly love (note that the word ‘hof’ means ‘court’). Respectively, the amorous pairs in the plays are Esmoreit and Damiët, Gloriant and Florentijn, Lanseloet and Sanderijn, Winter and Somer, the latter being an allegory.
The four abele spelen are:
* Esmoreit (1018 lines)
* Gloriant (1142 lines)
* Lanseloet van Denemerken (925 lines)
* Vanden Winter ende vanden Somer (625 lines)
Usually the performance of every ‘abel spel’ was followed by a sotternie, a farce. Because of the noble nature of the play, the same theme was played out in a more populistic and explicit form. The farces belong to the different abele spelen as follows:
* Lippijn (199 lines) -– Esmoreit
* Buskenblazer (208 lines) – Gloriant
* Die Hexe (112 lines) – Lanseloet van Denemerken
* Rubben (245 lines) – Vanden Winter ende vanden Somer
* Truwanten (incomplete)
* Drie daghe here (incomplete)
It has been suggested that there used to be six abele spelen because of the number of sotternieën belonging to them.