OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chios sheep

The Chios is a breed of domestic sheep with specific unknown origins. It is classified as a semi-fat tailed breed. The Chios are bred mainly for their milk production. Although there is speculation that this breed may have been crossed with Kivircik and Dagliç, it is commonly accepted that it originated on the Greek island of Chios.

## Characteristics

This breed typically has black spots on the ears, nose, belly, legs and around the eyes. Brown spots have been observed also. Mature ewes weigh 105 to 155 lb (48 to 70 kg) and mature rams weigh 145 to 200 lb (66 to 91 kg). Both sexes are horned; however, ewes can also be polled (hornless). Horns of the rams have a large spiral. If ewes have horns, they are small like a knob.
Ewes can have two crops of lambs per year with an average of 1.5 to 2.3 lambs per litter. Average weight at birth is 8.0 to 8.5 lb (3.6 to 3.9 kg). At 45 days, lambs weigh on average 32.5 to 35.0 lb (14.7 to 15.9 kg) Ewes can produce 265 to 600 lb (120 to 272 kg) of milk per lactation. The average lactation period is 210 days. The milk is used to produce many types of cheeses such as Feta, Batzos, Manouri and many others. The highest recorded milk production was 777 litres in a 220 days lactation period.
Wool diameter is 27 to 35 micrometres with a spinning count 44's to 56's. The staple length is 8.0 to 13.0 cm (3.1 to 5.1 in). A raw fleece weighs about 2.6 to 5.5 lb (1.2 to 2.5 kg). There is considerable variation between individuals in regards to fleece quality. However, the quality of fleece of an individual is typically consistent.
From 1983 to 2007, the world population of the Chios has increased from 16,000 to 51,860.

## Chios sheep farms

In a recent survey, the farm conditions and production methods in intensively reared flocks of Chios sheep in Greece have been described showing an important structural and managerial development compared to the more traditional systems which are still dominant in Greece. According to the aforementioned survey, the average flock comprised 314 sheep (16 rams, 210 ewes and 88 lamb ewes) and the average milk yield per ewe was 276.6±55.6 kg/lactation (adjusted for 210 days of lactation). Moreover, mean prolificacy was 2.1±0.3 and the mean BW of lambs at birth was 3.5, 3.9 and 4.6, for triplets, twins and single lambs, respectively. Rearing of lambs for 6–8 weeks was the common practice followed by a 7-month ewe's milking period.
Based on this fact, a study in order to produce a typology of intensive Chios dairy sheep farms in Greece was conducted. From this study, four clusters were recognized:
Cluster 1: Newly established, intensive, well-equipped specialized farms
Cluster 2: Well-established farms with balanced sheep and feed/crop production
Cluster 3: Small flock farms focusing more on arable crops than on sheep farming with a tendency to evolve toward cluster 2
Cluster 4: Farms representing a rather conservative form of Chios sheep breeding with low/intermediate inputs and choosing not to focus on feed/crop production
# Chioselia Mare

Chioselia Mare is a commune in Cahul District, Moldova. It is composed of two villages, Chioselia Mare and Frumușica.

## Notable people

* Ștefan Secăreanu
# Chris Boyle

Christopher Boyle (born 11 August 1972 in Glasgow, Scotland) is a Fellow of the British Psychological Society, Senior Fellow of the Higher Education Academy and professor of inclusion and educational psychology at the University of Adelaide. He has previously been an association football referee who refereed in the Australian A-League and the Scottish Premier League. Boyle is a qualified psychologist working in the UK and in Australia. He has written extensively on subjects in psychology and inclusive education. He is a respected academic and has authored over 100 publications on these topics.
He edited the Australian Psychological Society's journal The Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist between 2012 and 2017.

## Refereeing career

Boyle has officiated matches in the Scottish Premier League and Scottish Football League, making him one of the most experienced referees in the A-League. He made headlines in his debut match of his A-League career when he officiated the game between Melbourne Victory and North Queensland Fury at AAMI Park. During the game, he awarded three penalties (two to Melbourne, one to North Queensland), and handed out two red cards to North Queensland players Chris Grossman and Eric Akoto.

## Academic career

He has a wide and varied career and has lectured on professional training programmes for educational psychologists at the University of Dundee, Monash University, and at the University of Exeter. He has also lectured in subject areas of child development and psychology, inclusive and special education with the Open University, Charles Sturt University, and the University of New England, Australia. He completed his PhD in psychology and education at the University of Dundee.

## Media coverage

Boyle's academic work regularly receives media attention, and he is often asked to contribute to articles and TV and radio programmes around the world.

## Published books

* Inclusive Education: Global Issues and Controversies (with Joanna Anderson, Angela Page and Sofia Mavropoulou)
* Pathways to Belonging: Contemporary Research in School Belonging (with Kelly Allen)
* Equality in education: Fairness and inclusion (with Hongzhi Zhang and Philip Wing Keung Chan)
* Boyle, C., & Gamble, N. (2014). Ethical practice in applied psychology. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
* Boyle, C. (Ed.) (2013). Student Learning: Improving Practice. New York: Nova Publishers.
* Boyle, C., & Topping, K. (Eds.) (2012). What works in inclusion? London: Open University Press.
# Chris Boyd

Chris or Christopher Boyd may refer to:
* Chris Boyd (rugby union) (born 1958), New Zealand rugby coach
* Christopher Boyd (IT security), computer security expert
* Christopher Boyd (politician) (1916–2004), British politician
# Christine Platt

Christine Platt (born c. 1953) is the past president of the Commonwealth Association of Planners and past president of the South African Planning Institute. Platt completed her B.A. (Economics) at the University of Natal, Durban, in 1976, and her MTRP (UND) in 1979.
# Chris Simms (disambiguation)

Chris Simms (born 1980) is a former American football quarterback.
Chris Simms may also refer to:
* Chris Simms (author) (born 1969), British author
* Chris Simms (musician) (fl. 1990s–2000s) in Skunkhour
* Chris Simms (fl. 2000s–2010s), founder of Lazy Dog Cafe
# Ealhhun

Ealhhun or Alhhun was a medieval Bishop of Worcester. He was consecrated between either 843 or December 844 and November 845. He died between 869 and 872.

## Citations

* ↑ Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 223
# Agua Negra Pass

The Agua Negra Pass (Spanish: Paso de Agua Negra) is a pass over the Andes mountains which connects Argentina and Chile. The highest point of this pass is at 4,780 m (15,680 ft) AMSL.

## Agua Negra Tunnel

To improve trade between Chile and Argentina, a 14 km, three-bore vehicular tunnel (two for traffic and one for ventilation) below the pass is planned, which will allow year-round traffic. (The pass is closed for much of the winter.)
In March 2015, Argentina officially approved the project. It is awaiting ratification from Chile.
In 2018, the bidding contest for the tunnel project between construction companies took place. The whole project was budgeted at 1.5 billion dollars.
Also planned for the deepest part of the tunnel is the Agua Negra Deep Experiment Site (ANDES) (ANDES): an underground laboratory. Because all currently operating deep underground laboratories are located in the Northern Hemisphere, a Southern Hemisphere site would have some unique benefits:
* Combined with existing neutrino detectors, a longer baseline would allow more accurate localization of sources in neutrino astronomy, and
* When searching for dark matter, there is expected to be a seasonal variation due to the Earth's motion around the Sun. But such a signal could also be an error, caused by some subtle seasonal effect. Confirmation from a location with opposite seasons would rule out such an error.
ANDES is not expected to be ready before 2027.$^{:6,8,13}$

## Gallery

* Paso de Agua Negra, Argentine side
* Paso de Agua Negra, Chilean side
* Penitentes near the summit
# Agathotoma guadalupensis

Agathotoma guadalupensis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Caribbean Sea off Guadeloupe.
# Berberis reticulinervis

Berberis reticulinervis is a shrub in the family Berberidaceae described as a species in 1999. It is endemic to China, known from the Provinces or Gansu, Sichuan, and Xizang (Tibet).
# HMS Racer (1818)

HMS Racer was a 6-gun Nightingale-class cutter built for the Royal Navy in 1818. She was broken up in 1830.

## Description

Racer had a length at the gundeck of 63 feet 9 inches (19.4 m) and 47 feet (14.3 m) at the keel. She had a beam of 22 feet 2 inches (6.8 m), a draught of about 10 feet 5 inches (3.2 m) and a depth of hold of 9 feet 6 inches (2.9 m). The ship's tonnage was 122 tons burthen. The Nightingale class was armed with two 6-pounder cannon and four 6-pounder carronades. The ships had a crew of 34 officers and ratings.

## Construction and career

Racer, the third ship of her name to serve in the Royal Navy, was ordered in 1817, laid down in August 1817 at Pembroke Dockyard, Wales, and launched on 4 April 1818. She was completed on 31 September 1819 at Plymouth Dockyard.
# 1994–95 Utah Utes men's basketball team

The 1994–95 Utah Utes men's basketball team represented the University of Utah as a member of the Western Athletic Conference during the 1994–95 men's basketball season. Led by head coach Rick Majerus, the Utes reached the Second Round of the NCAA tournament. The team finished with an overall record of 28–6 (15–3 WAC).

## Schedule and results

| Date time, TV | Rank$^#$ | Opponent$^#$ | Result | Record | Site city, state |
| Non-conference regular season ||||||
| Nov 21, 1994* | | vs. No. 11 Indiana Maui Invitational tournament | W 77–72 | 1–0 | Lahaina Civic Center Lahaina, Hawaii |
| Nov 22, 1994* | | vs. No. 7 Maryland Maui Invitational Tournament | L 78–90 | 1–1 | Lahaina Civic Center Lahaina, Hawaii |
| Nov 23, 1994* | | vs. No. 13 Michigan Maui Invitational Tournament | L 69–73 | 1–2 | Lahaina Civic Center Lahaina, Hawaii |
| Mar 4, 1995 | | BYU | W 87–79 | 24–5 (15–3) | Jon M. Huntsman Center Salt Lake City, Utah |
| WAC Tournament ||||||
| Mar 9, 1995* | (1) No. 22 | vs. (9) San Diego State Quarterfinals | W 72–63 | 25–5 | University Arena Albuquerque, New Mexico |
| Mar 10, 1995* | (1) No. 22 | at (5) New Mexico Semifinals | W 86–50 | 26–5 | University Arena Albuquerque, New Mexico |
| Mar 11, 1995* | (1) No. 22 | vs. (6) Hawaii Championship | W 67–54 | 27–5 | University Arena Albuquerque, New Mexico |
| NCAA Tournament ||||||
| Mar 17, 1995* | (4 W) No. 19 | vs. (13 W) Long Beach State First Round | W 76–64 | 28–5 | Taco Bell Arena Boise, Idaho |
| Mar 19, 1995* | (4 W) No. 19 | vs. (5 W) No. 18 Mississippi State Second Round | L 64–78 | 28–6 | Taco Bell Arena Boise, Idaho |
| *Non-conference game. $^#$Rankings from AP Poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses. W=West. ||||||

## Awards and honors

* Keith Van Horn – Honorable Mention AP All-American, WAC Player of the Year
# 2006 ICC Americas Championship

The ICC Americas Championship is the continental cricket championship for the Americas region, for Affiliate and Associate members of the International Cricket Council in North, Central and South America, and the Caribbean. This is the first year that the tournament is organized in three divisions.
The division three was played in Suriname. This tournament was won by the host and won one spot in division two (played in Argentina. Division two was won by the host. Argentina won one spot in division one. Division one was played in Canada, and was won by Bermuda.

## Division One

Division One was held in Canada, commencing on 21 August. Five teams took part: Argentina, Bermuda, Canada (host and holder), the Cayman Islands and the United States. The venues were in the Maple Leaf Ground and the Toronto Cricket, Skating and Curling Club.

### Points Table

| Team | Played | Won | Lost | Tied | NR | Points | NRR |
| Bermuda | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 1.420 |
| United States | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 0.485 |
| Canada | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 1.056 |
| Cayman Islands | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 | -0.257 |
| Argentina | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2.469 |

## Division two

Division Two was held in Argentina, commencing on 3 April. Five teams took part: Argentina (host), Bahamas, Belize, Panama, and Suriname. The venues were St Albans Club and Hurlingham Club in Buenos Aires. Argentina and Bahamas qualified for Wcl5.

### Points Table

| Team | Played | Won | Lost | Tied | NR | Points | NRR |
| Argentina | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 1.220 |
| Bahamas | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 2.106 |
| Panama | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 | -0.530 |
| Suriname | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 | -0.681 |
| Belize | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1.825 |

## Division three

Division Three was held in Suriname, commencing on 15 February. Four teams took part: Brazil, Chile, Suriname (host), and Turks and Caicos. The venues were Snellen Park and Axwijk Sports Centre in Paramaribo.

### Points Table

| Team | Played | Won | Lost | Tied | NR | Points | NRR |
| Suriname | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 2.890 |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 8 | -0.222 |
| Chile | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0.030 |
| Brazil | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1.944 |
# 1994 Fife Regional Council election

The 1994 Fife Regional Council election, the sixth and final election to Fife Regional Council, was held on 5 May 1994 as part of the wider 1994 Scottish regional elections. The election saw Labour maintaining their control of the region's 46 seat council.

## Aggregate results

Fife Regional election, 1994 :
| Party | Seats | Gains | Net gain/loss | Seats % | Votes % | Votes |
| Labour | 28 | | 2 | 60.9 | 42.7 | 52,926 |
| Liberal Democrats | 12 | | 2 | 26.1 | 21.6 | 26,768 |
| SNP | 4 | | 2 | 8.7 | 20.9 | 25,902 |
| Independent | 1 | | 0 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 3,355 |
| Communist (Scotland) | 1 | | 0 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 1,717 |
| Conservative | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 9.8 | 12,179 |
| Independent Labour | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 892 |
| Scottish Green | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 114 |
| Christian Democrat | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 32 |
# Chris Simms (author)

Chris Simms (born in 1969, in Horsham, West Sussex) is a British author of crime novels, he graduated from Newcastle University before travelling around the world. He then moved to Manchester in 1994 where he began writing. He is married with four children and lives in Stockport and as well as being the author of a number of works he is also a freelance copywriter.

## Awards and acknowledgements

Speaking in the Literary Review, Jessica Mann said Simms was one to watch after his debut novel.
His second novel Pecking Order was selected as a Best British Crime Novel by Deadly Pleasures magazine.
Killing the Beasts was named Best Crime Book for 2005 by Shots magazine.
In 2007, Simms was selected as a 'Waterstone's Author for the Future'.
Savage Moon was shortlisted for the 2009 Theakston's Old Peculier Crime Novel of the Year Award
Manchester Confidential described Simms' writing as 'thoughtful and exciting crime fiction at its best'.
He has also been described as "one of the best of the new generation" by The Guardian.
# Agua Negra Deep Experiment Site

The Agua Negra Deep Experiment Site (ANDES) is a project for the construction and operation of an underground laboratory in the Agua Negra Tunnel, between Argentina and Chile. Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico are involved in this project and are also expected to integrate the whole international scientific community.

## Possible scientific research areas

Neutrino physics: For the study of geoneutrinos, underground laboratories in the absence of close by nuclear power plants are necessary. Detailed studies of the nature and mass of the neutrinos help in our understanding of Nature (geoneutrinos are related to the thermal equilibrium of the Earth).
Dark Matter: Experiments in this field greatly benefit from being in very deep underground laboratories. It involves usually huge detection mass, very low detection thresholds, and excellent control of the detector backgrounds. Furthermore, an indirect way to detect dark matter is to find a modulation caused by the movement of the Earth in the halo of dark matter. A laboratory located in the southern hemisphere could unambiguously discriminate between atmospheric-induced backgrounds and dark matter signals.
Geoscience: The zone of the Agua Negra Pass one of the world's most seismically active regions. This is ideal to place highly sensitive seismographs, able to record seismic frequencies from around 1 Hz, of local earthquakes, to very ultra-long periods of more than 100 sec of the earth normal modes vibrations excited by a large earthquake. For these measurements, low background noise is required and can be achieved at an underground laboratory.
Biology: Experiments in a deep underground laboratory could investigate the possible contribution of cosmic radiation to the basal DNA damage, as it free from this kind of radiation. This damages can develop pathologies like cancer.
Low radioactivity measurements: the new generation of detectors used in the dark matter and neutrino underground experiments require the ability to measure extremely low radiation levels. These measurements are also useful in multiple areas like ecology, glaciology, microelectronics and in the selection of pure materials with almost no radioactive content. Nuclear astrophysics can also be researched with dedicated equipment.

## International support

The ANDES deep underground project has support from different institutions and scientists, both in Latin America and worldwide. The governments of Argentina and Chile have expressed their support for the development of the project.
# Aglossa phaealis

Aglossa phaealis is a species of snout moth in the genus Aglossa. It was described by George Hampson in 1906 and is known from Lesotho and Namibia.
# Benzyl iodide

Benzyl iodide is an organic compound with the chemical formula C $_7$H $_7$I. The compound consists of a benzene ring with an attached iodidemethyl group. The substance is an alkyl halide and is a constitutional isomer of the iodotoluenes.

## Synthesis

Benzyl iodide can be obtained via the Finkelstein reaction from benzyl chloride and sodium iodide in acetone.

## Properties

Benzyl iodide forms colorless to yellow needles, melting at 24.5 °C. As a liquid, the compound has the high refractive index of 1.6334. Benzyl iodide is also a powerful lachrymator.
# HMS Hind (1911)

HMS Hind was an Acheron-class destroyer of the Royal Navy that served during World War I and was sold for breaking in 1921. She was the seventeenth Royal Navy ship to be named after the female deer.

## Construction

She was built under the 1910-11 shipbuilding programme by John Brown & Company of Clydebank, Glasgow. She (and her sisters Hornet and Hydra) differed from the standard Admiralty I-class destroyer in only having two shafts instead of three. They had two Brown-Curtis type turbines, and twin boilers. Capable of 28 knots, she carried two 4-inch guns, other smaller guns and two 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes and had a complement of 72 men. She was launched on 28 July 1911.

## Pennant Numbers

| Pennant Number | From | To |
| H47 | 6 December 1914 | 1 January 1918 |
| H40 | 1 January 1918 | Early 1919 |
| H60 | Early 1919 | 9 May 1921 |

## Career
### Pre-War

Hind served with the First Destroyer Flotilla from 1911 and, with her flotilla, joined the British Grand Fleet in 1914 on the outbreak of World War I.

### The Battle of Heligoland Bight

She was present with First Destroyer Flotilla on 28 August 1914 at the Battle of Heligoland Bight, led by the light cruiser Fearless, and shared in the prize money for the battle.

### Transfer to Third Battle Squadron

Hind was not present with her flotilla at the Battle of Jutland on 31 May 1916. She was one of seven destroyers to go with the First Destroyer Flotilla when it was transferred from the Grand Fleet to screen the Third Battle Squadron in November 1916.

### Mediterranean Service

In 1917 the Third Battle Squadron was sent to the Mediterranean, where they took part in the 1918 Naval campaign in the Adriatic, including enforcing the Otranto Barrage. Hind was present at the entry of the Allied Fleet through the Dardanelles on 12 November 1918.

## Disposal

In common with most of her class, she was laid up after World War I, and on 9 May 1921 she was sold to Thos. W. Ward for breaking. She was eventually scrapped in Preston in 1924.
# HMS Royalist (1841)

HMS Royalist was a Royal Navy ship, built as the Mary Gordon and bought by the Navy on 9 July 1841 for £7200.

## History

She and HMS Sulphur were dismasted in a typhoon at Hong Kong on 20 July 1841. The following year she was recorded as stationed at Chusan, whilst in November 1844 she was mentioned as arriving in Singapore after losing three commanding officers and sailing under the command of her acting Second Master.
She then served in Borneo, Hong Kong and the East Indies in general until 1856, when she left the navy and was acquired by the Thames Division of the Metropolitan Police.
With only one shore base (Wapping Police Station), Thames Division used Royalist as an additional floating police station - she was recorded as moored off Somerset House until 1874, when a new station was opened on land at Waterloo Pier. She then moved to East Greenwich in 1874. On 21 January 1878, she was run into by the steamship Chimborazo and was severely damaged. On 20 February, she was run into by the sailing ship Flying Venus and was severely damaged. On 13 October 1879, she was run into by the steamship Palmyra and was damaged.
Royalist remained at East Greenwich until the opening of the land-based police station at Blackwall in 1894. She was then returned to the Royal Navy and broken up.
# HMS Queen Elizabeth

HMS Queen Elizabeth could refer to one of three ships named in honour of Elizabeth I of England:
* HMS Queen Elizabeth (1913) was the lead ship of the Queen Elizabeth-class battleships, launched in 1913 and scrapped in 1948
* HMS Queen Elizabeth was to have been the first of the 1960s planned CVA-01-class aircraft carriers, but the class was never constructed
* HMS Queen Elizabeth (R08) is the first ship of the Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft carriers, launched in 2014, on sea trials as of June 2017 and commissioned in December 2017

## Battle honours

* Dardanelles 1915
* Crete 1941
* Sabang 1944
* Burma 1944–45
* East Indies 1945
# HMS Snipe (1828)

HMS Snipe was a 6-gun Nightingale-class cutter built for the Royal Navy during the 1820s. She was broken up in 1860.

## Description

Snipe had a length at the gundeck of 63 feet 9 inches (19.4 m) and 46 feet 10 inches (14.3 m) at the keel. She had a beam of 22 feet 2 inches (6.8 m), a draught of about 10 feet 9 inches (3.3 m) and a depth of hold of 9 feet 6 inches (2.9 m). The ship's tonnage was 122 tons burthen. The Nightingale class was armed with two 6-pounder cannon and four 6-pounder carronades. The ships had a crew of 34 officers and ratings.

## Construction and career

Snipe, the second ship of her name to serve in the Royal Navy after the gun-brig HMS Snipe, was ordered in 1822, laid down in October 1827 at Pembroke Dockyard, Wales, and launched on 28 June 1828. She was completed on 6 September 1828 at Plymouth Dockyard.