OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Albert Kitson, 2nd Baron Airedale

Albert Ernest Kitson, 2nd Baron Airedale (7 October 1863 – 11 March 1944) was a British peer. He was inter alia a director of Midland Bank.

## Family

Kitson was the son of James Kitson, an iron and steel manufacturer in Leeds. He was educated at Rugby and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he gained a BA, before following his father into the family business.
On 23 January 1890, at Mill Hill Chapel in Leeds, Kitson married Florence Schunck (1868–1942), the daughter of Edward, Baron von Schunck and his wife Kate Lupton.
The Kitsons had seven daughters.
Kitson's father was elevated to the peerage in 1907. Albert Kitson succeeded to the titles of 2nd Baron Airedale of Gledhow and 2nd Baronet Kitson on his father's death on 16 March 1911. As peers of the realm, the Kitsons were invited to the coronation of George V at Westminster Abbey on 22 June 1911.

## Career, politics and interests

Kitson was a director of Midland Bank. He was president of the Yorkshire and Leeds Liberal Federations. Prime Minister H. H. Asquith was his guest at Gledhow Hall in November 1913.
Kitson was chairman of the finance committee and hon vice-president of the Iron and Steel Institute.
Like his father, Lord Airedale was a music-lover and supported the Leeds Triennial Musical Festival; in 1922, Kitson and his sister Hilda, were guarantors of the festival.
He owned one the country's finest collections of Leeds pottery and regularly competed in golf at The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews.
When the Prime Minister's wife, Margaret Lloyd George, visited Leeds in December 1920 for a reception for women supporters of the Liberal Coalition, she stayed at Gledhow Hall.

## Gledhow Hall

Kitson inherited Gledhow Hall in 1911. During the First World War, he offered the hall for use as a Voluntary Aid Detachment hospital. The hospital was managed by the Headingley Company of the St John Ambulance Voluntary Aid Detachment (VAD). On 22 May 1915, 50 patients were moved to the hall from the 2nd Northern General Hospital at Becketts Park. Kitson's cousin, Edith Cliff, was the Commandant and his daughter Doris and her cousin Olive Middleton were VAD nurses. Kitson's family maintained an interest in nursing after the Great War.
The Kitson's London home, 3 Cadogan Square, was damaged by a bomb during the Second World War and they moved to Stansted in Essex.

## Death

Albert Kitson died on 11 March 1944 at Stansted and the barony was inherited by his younger brother Roland. His wife had died on 8 July 1942.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Albert Kitson, 2nd Baron Airedale :
* CrestIssuant from park pales Proper a demi-unicorn Argent gorged with an annulet Azure.
* EscutcheonOr on a pale Azure a pike haurient of the first a chief of the second thereon an annulet between two millrinds erect of the field.
* SupportersOn either side an owl close and affronteé Argent gorged with a collar Gules pendent therefrom an escutcheon of the arms.
* MottoPalmam Qui Meruit Ferat
# Alban Berg Foundation

The Alban Berg Foundation (Alban Berg Stiftung) is an Austrian organisation dedicated to the legacy of the composer Alban Berg (1885–1935). Founded in 1969 by the composer's widow, it cultivates the memory and works of the composer, and awards scholarships.

## History

After Alban Berg's death in 1935, his widow Helene Berg (1885–1976) looked after his inheritance and estate, including the preservation of manuscripts and important documents, and in later years she made preparations to establish a foundation; in accordance with Berg's wishes, it would receive the proceeds of the composer's works after her death. The establishment of the foundation was finally prepared in 1967–68, and approved by the municipal council of Vienna in 1969.

## Aims and activities

The foundation serves the promotion of music, by awarding scholarships and grants to deserving music students, and by caring for the memory and works of Alban Berg. The board of trustees, which holds an ordinary meeting in spring and autumn, decides on funding in accordance with the foundation's purpose.
The foundation publishes the Gesamtausgabe (complete edition) of Berg's works. It is based on all the available surviving sources, in particular the autograph scores and the printed works approved by the composer. Overall responsibility for the complete edition was in the hands of Rudolf Stephan until 2015; since 2015 Martin Eybl has taken responsibility.
The Alban Berg Monument, funded by the foundation, and designed by Wolf Dieter Prix and Sophie C. Grell of Coop Himmelb(l)au, was erected in 2016 in front of the Vienna State Opera.
# Albion Township, Kansas

Albion Township, Kansas may refer to the following places in Kansas:
* Albion Township, Barton County, Kansas
* Albion Township, Reno County, Kansas
* Albion Township, Republic County, Kansas
# Aleksejs Šarando

Aleksejs Šarando (born 1 January 1964) is a former football midfielder from Latvia, currently the assistant manager of Skonto FC-2 in the Latvian First League. He obtained a total number of 24 caps for the Latvia national team between 1993 and 1999, scoring two goals. His last club was FK Rīga, where he retired in 2001. Šarando also played as a professional in Russia, Finland and Sweden.

## Honours

* Baltic Cup
** 1993
# Aldershot, Nova Scotia

Aldershot is a community in Nova Scotia, Canada, in Kings County.
A quasi-suburb of Kentville, Aldershot developed as a farming community along the Cornwallis Valley Railway branchline of the Dominion Atlantic Railway in the 19th century, served by Nova Scotia Route 359. The community grew substantially after 1904 when the British Army and later the Department of Militia and Defence expropriated a large tract of land north of the Cornwallis River for an army training facility. It is named Camp Aldershot, it continues to operate.
# Albuquerque Film Manufacturing Company

The Albuquerque Film Manufacturing Company, also known as the Albuquerque Film Company, was a film company established in New Mexico and soon after reincorporated in Los Angeles during the silent film era. Gilbert P. Hamilton was its president. It was established in 1913 and is known for the 3-reel westerns it produced. They were written by and star Dot Farley. Milton H. Fahrney directed. It also operated in Los Angeles in 1915 before going bankrupt in 1918. The company released its Luna branded films through United Film Service.
Hamilton joined the company from the St. Louis Motion Picture Company. Albuquerque Film Company was funded with $50,000 in stock. News reports from December 1913 state cinematographer Homer Scott was filming with Buck Connors at Fort Bliss, Texas for the newly formed Albuquerque Film Company. Perhaps the film was The First Law of Nature, a 3-reel film with Dot Farley and Connors, Albuquerque Company's first release. Hamilton and Fahrney eventually moved on to Warner Bros.
Santa Fe Trail Magazine did a feature on the new company and its major players in 1913.
Nick Cogley and Archer MacMackin directed films for the company.
In August 1914 the company reincorporated with $200,000 in stock.

## Filmography

* The First Law of Nature
* The Lust of the Red Man (1914)
* His Neighbor’s Pants (1914), a low budget single reel film
* Soul Mates (1914)
* Reuben's Busy Day (1914)
* With Daddy's Aid (1915)
* Pretty Policeman (1915)
* Aunt Matilda Outwitted (1915)
# Alessandro Gavazzi

Alessandro Gavazzi (21 March 1809 – 9 January 1889) was an Italian Protestant preacher and patriot. Born a Catholic, he at first became a monk and attached himself to the Barnabites at Naples, where he afterwards acted as professor of rhetoric. He later left the Church and became known as a provocative speaker against Catholicism, touring Europe and the United States. Protests against him broke out in Canada in 1853, causing numerous deaths in the Gavazzi Riots.

## Biography

In 1840, having already expressed liberal views, he was removed to Rome to fill a subordinate position. Leaving his own country after the capture of Rome by the French, he carried on a vigorous campaign against priests and Jesuits in England, Scotland and North America, partly by means of a periodical, the Gavazzi Free Word.
While in England he gradually went over (1855) to the Evangelical church, and became head and organizer of the Italian Protestants in London. Returning to Italy in 1860, he served as army-chaplain with Giuseppe Garibaldi. In 1870 he became head of the Free Church (Chiesa libera) of Italy, united the scattered Congregations into the Unione delle Chiese libere in Italia, and in 1875 founded in Rome the theological college of the Free Church, in which he himself taught dogmatics, apologetics and polemics. He died in Rome on 9 January 1889, aged 79.
Among his publications are No Union with Rome (1871); The Priest in Absolution (1877); My Recollections of the Last Four Popes, etc., in answer to Cardinal Wiseman (1858); Orations, 2 decades (1851).

## Gavazzi Riots

In the spring of 1853, Gavazzi visited North America. Gavazzi Riots were disturbances created in Quebec on 6 June 1853, and in Montreal, on 9 June, by mobs which attacked halls in which Gavazzi was lecturing. His lectures at Quebec and Montreal were strongly anti-Catholic; and at both places the soldiers had to be called out to restore order. At Montreal, 10 lives were lost. The riots also caused political repercussions.
# Alessandro Georgiou

Alessandro Georgiou is a British Conservative Party politician who has been a London-wide Assembly Member (AM) of the London Assembly since the May 2024 election.

## Political career

Georgiou is Leader of the Opposition and the Conservative Group on Enfield Council, where he has represented Cockfosters since 2018, having previously represented Southgate Green from 2014-18.
In 2015, Labour Enfield Council member Andrew Stafford, then head of finance, told Georgiou to "sit down, you cunt". This prompted all 24 Conservative councillors to walk out of the meeting.
# Alfonso Pozzi

Alfonso Dal Pozzo Farnese or Thomas Pozzi (1582 – 25 August 1626) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Borgo San Donnino (1620–1626).

## Biography

Alfonso Pozzi was born in Piacenza, Italy in 1582. On 30 March 1620, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Paul V as Bishop of Borgo San Donnino. On 5 April 1620, he was consecrated bishop by Roberto Ubaldini, Bishop of Montepulciano, with Galeazzo Sanvitale, Archbishop Emeritus of Bari-Canosa, with Orazio Mattei, Bishop of Gerace, serving as co-consecrators. He served as Borgo San Donnino until his death on 25 August 1626.
# Cork cambium

Cork cambium (pl.: cambia or cambiums) is a tissue found in many vascular plants as a part of the epidermis. It is one of the many layers of bark, between the cork and primary phloem. The cork cambium is a lateral meristem and is responsible for secondary growth that replaces the epidermis in roots and stems. It is found in woody and many herbaceous dicots, gymnosperms and some monocots (monocots usually lack secondary growth). It is one of the plant's meristems – the series of tissues consisting of embryonic disk (incompletely differentiated) cells from which the plant grows. The function of cork cambium is to produce the cork, a tough protective material.
Synonyms for cork cambium are bark cambium, peri-cambium and phellogen. Phellogen is defined as the meristematic cell layer responsible for the development of the periderm. Cells that grow inwards from there are termed phelloderm, and cells that develop outwards are termed phellem or cork (note similarity with vascular cambium). The periderm thus consists of three different layers:
* phelloderm – inside of cork cambium; composed of living parenchyma cells.
* phellogen (cork cambium) – meristem that gives rise to periderm.
* phellem (cork) – dead at maturity; air-filled, quite variable between different species, and is also highly dependent on age and growth conditions as can be observed from the different surfaces of bark, which may be smooth, fissured, tesselated, scaly, or flaking off.

## Economic importance

Commercial cork is derived from the bark of the cork oak (Quercus suber). Cork has many uses including wine bottle stoppers, bulletin boards, coasters, hot pads to protect tables from hot pans, insulation, sealing for lids, flooring, gaskets for engines, fishing bobbers, handles for fishing rods and tennis rackets, etc. It is also a high strength-to-weight/cost ablative material for aerodynamic prototypes in wind tunnels, as well as satellite launch vehicle payload fairings, reentry surfaces, and compression joints in thrust-vectored solid rocket motor nozzles.
Many types of bark are used as mulch.
# Ghulam Hassan Mir

Ghulam Hassan Mir is an Indian politician from Jammu and Kashmir, India. He is a member of the Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party. He was the founding member of the Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party. He was elected to the Gulmarg constituency of Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly in 2002 as a Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party candidate. He was a law minister in Ghulam Mohammad Shah led cabinet. He was minister of tourism in the Mufti Mohammad Sayeed led cabinet from 2002 to 2006.
# 2011 Mid Devon District Council election

Elections to Mid Devon District Council were held on 5 May 2011, alongside other local elections across the United Kingdom. All 42 seats on the council were up for election. Following the election the Conservative Party gained the council from no overall control.

## Results

Results :
| Party | Seats | Change |
| Conservative Party | 24 | 4 |
| Liberal Democrats | 6 | 2 |
| Others | 12 | 2 |
# Exchange Square

Exchange Square can refer to:
* Exchange Square (Johannesburg), South Africa
* Exchange Square (Hong Kong)
* Exchange Square, Manchester, England
** Exchange Square tram stop
* Exchange Square (London), England
# 2012 Nozhay-Yurtovsky District clashes

The 2012 Nozhay-Yurtovsky District clashes involving Russian Interior Ministry special forces supported by heavy weapons and military aircraft and Islamist militants occurred between February 13 and 17, 2012, reportedly leaving at least 24 people dead on both sides. The Nozhay-Yurtovsky District is a part of the Russian republic of Chechnya bordering Dagestan. According to the Chechen president Ramzan Kadyrov, mountains were being cleared of rebels because of a planned construction of a tourist complex in the area.

## Results

Initially, Kadyrov claimed that a group of 20 fighters led by Magarbi Timiraliyev ("Abudar") have been destroyed in a special operation, including 13 killed "earlier", and that 13 government troops were killed and 20 injured. However, in an official report for Russian president Dmitry Medvedev (as cited by the state agency ITAR-TASS), Russia's interior minister Rashid Nurgaliyev said that 17 troops have been killed and 24 wounded, and there are only seven confirmed killed members of an armed group; Nurgaliyev also said that the government forces had been ambushed.
According to unofficial Russian sources, at least 21 special policemen were killed and 36 injured while "completely" destroying Timiraliyev's armed group of an unreported size (presumably around seven members). There is also actually no information about the fate of Timiraliyev himself. Kavkazcenter confirmed five rebel deaths, citing the number of bodies shown on TV.
# C25H22O10

The molecular formula C$_{25}$H$_{22}$O$_{10}$ may refer to:
* Silibinin, major active constituent of silymarin
* Umbilicaric acid, an organic polyphenolic carboxylic acid
# 1798 in Scotland

"none" is preferred when the title is already sufficiently detailed; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events from the year 1798 in Scotland.

## Incumbents
### Law officers

* Lord Advocate – Robert Dundas of Arniston
* Solicitor General for Scotland – Robert Blair

### Judiciary

* Lord President of the Court of Session – Lord Succoth
* Lord Justice General – The Duke of Montrose* Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Braxfield

## Events

* 11 March – Dundee Infirmary opened.
* 26 May – Battle of Tara Hill in the Irish Rebellion of 1798: British forces including three companies of the Reay Fencibles (formed primarily from the Clan Mackay) drive rebels of the Society of United Irishmen from their position with around 400 of the latter killed and only 26 Reay casualties.
* 14 July – United States Consulate in Edinburgh opens.
* 4 December – British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger announces the introduction of income tax in 1799.
* Highland Park distillery is founded in Kirkwall.
* Tobermory distillery is founded.
* The Merchant Banking Company of Glasgow fails.
* The Ayrshire Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry is formally adopted into the British Army.

## Births

* 3 February – Daniel Sandford, Greek scholar, professor and Member of parliament for Paisley (died 1838)
* March – David Hay, interior decorator (died 1866)
* 28 April – Duncan Forbes, linguist (died 1868)
* 23 July – James Hyslop, poet (died 1827)
* 24 July – Mark Napier, lawyer, sheriff, biographer and historical author (died 1879)
* 13 October – Robert Crichton Wyllie, physician, businessman and Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Kingdom of Hawaii (died 1865)
* 27 December – Alexander Colquhoun-Stirling-Murray-Dunlop, Member of Parliament for Greenock from 1852 to 1868 (died 1870)
* 28 December – Thomas James Henderson, astronomer (died 1844)

## Deaths

* 21 November – Thomas Hardy, minister (born 1748)
# Lee Mullican

Lee Mullican (December 2, 1919 – July 8, 1998) was an American painter, curator, and art teacher. He was an influential member of the Dynaton Movement.

## Early life and education

Lee Mullican was born on December 2, 1919, in Chickasha, Oklahoma. He studied at the Abilene Christian University in Texas, the University of Oklahoma, and the Kansas City Art Institute.
During World War II, he was in the United States Army and served in Hawaii.

## Career and late life

He moved to San Francisco after the war in 1947. Mullican was part of a 1951 exhibition called "Dynaton" held at the San Francisco Museum of Art. Mullican was a member of the UCLA School of the Arts and Architecture faculty from 1962 to 1990.
His paintings were abstract and have a "rigid" and "linear" quality to them. He applied paint with a printer's knife. Mullicans work was influenced by cosmology, which is also a trait found in other Dynaton artists work.
Mullican married artist Luchita Hurtado and they had two sons. Their son Matt Mullican is an artist; and their son John Mullican is a writer and director. He died on July 8, 1998, in Santa Monica, California. In 2008, his son John Mullican released the documentary film, Finding Lee Mullican.
# Lee Su-chang

Lee Su-Chang (Korean: 이수창; Hanja: 李洙昌; 1929 – 2013) was a South Korean artist, watercolor painter, and professor. He was born in Yeongcheon county, Gyeongbuk Province, Korea.

## Early life and education

Su-Chang studied under Son Il-Bong at Gyeongju Art School. He worked as an art teacher at Gyeongbook High School, Andong College of Instruction, Andong University of Education, and Andong National University.

## Career

Su-Chang's teaching career began in 1954. He co-founded an artist group called "Hyangmihoe", along with Kim Im-sook, Kwon Young-ho, Yu Si-Won, Park Gi-Tae, Lee Sang-Gil, and others.

## Artistic style

In one of his writings, Su-Chang wrote the following about “first-class art”:
   Throughout human history, regardless of where and when it should be remarked that every artwork renowned as a masterpiece possesses two common factors; the first being that the artist’s stance towards the artwork and its content should remain consistently diligent; the second being that the artist’s thoughts palpably infect its audience.
This idea seems to have become a sort of code that permeates the artistic world of Lee. If there is one thing that Lee has insisted on time and time again throughout his life, it is “diligence” by which artists approach their work and the “meaningful response” to their work. The aforementioned assertion is more of a “general outline” that broadly describes his works and not the “particular” that explores his oeuvres in detail.
# Lee Township, Carroll County, Ohio

Lee Township is one of the fourteen townships of Carroll County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,022.

## Geography

Located in the southeastern part of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Washington Township - north
* Fox Township - northeast
* Springfield Township, Jefferson County - east
* Loudon Township - south
* Perry Township - southwest
* Union Township - west
* Center Township - northwest
No municipalities are located in Lee Township, although the unincorporated community of Harlem Springs lies in the township's center

## Name and history

Statewide, other Lee Townships are located in Athens and Monroe counties.
At the March, 1836, meeting of the county commissioners the entry made was: "After reading and considering the petition for the erection and alteration of several townships in different parts of the county the following is moved", "A township named Lee was ordered to be erected from parts of the townships of Rock and Jefferson."

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.

## Education

Students attend the Carrollton Exempted Village School District.