OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2022 in the Czech Republic

Events in the year 2022 in the Czech Republic.

## Incumbents

* President – Miloš Zeman
* Prime Minister – Petr Fiala

## Events

Ongoing — COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic
* 20 January – The government suspends plans to make COVID-19 vaccination mandatory for key workers and people over the age of 60, which was expected to come into effect in March.
* 3 September – An estimated 70,000 people, mostly from parties such as Freedom and Direct Democracy and the Communist Party, march in Prague, Czech Republic, demanding the government do more to control soaring energy prices in the country. Organizers of the march criticized rising energy costs, immigration to the country, mask mandates, and the country's involvement in the Russo-Ukrainian War.

## Deaths

* 3 January – Jiří Patera, 85, Czech-born Canadian mathematician.
* 8 January – Stanislav Rudolf, 89, Czech writer, screenwriter and dramaturge.
* 9 January – Dušan Klein, 82, Czech film director and screenwriter (How the World Is Losing Poets, How Poets Are Losing Their Illusions, How Poets Are Enjoying Their Lives).
* 31 January –
** Jiří Kyncl, 59, Czech Olympic speed skater (1988, 1992).
** Radko Pytlík, 93, Czech literary historian and writer.
* 2 February – Jan Netopilík, 85, Czech Olympic long jumper (1960).
# Alexander Carl Otto Westphal

Alexander Carl Otto Westphal (18 May 1863, Berlin – 9 January 1941, Bonn) was a German neurologist and psychiatrist. He was the son of the psychiatrist Karl Friedrich Otto Westphal (1833–1890) and Clara Mendelssohn and the grandson of Otto Carl Friedrich Westphal.
Alexander Westphal studied at Heidelberg and Berlin, receiving his doctorate at Berlin in 1888. He then became an assistant to Wilhelm Heinrich Erb (1840-1921) in Heidelberg and to Heinrich Curschmann (1846–1910) in Leipzig. In 1892 he became the head physician of the department for nervous diseases at the Berlin Charité under Friedrich Jolly (1844–1904), subsequently qualifying in the fields psychiatry and neurology (1894). In 1901 he accepted an invitation to the University of Greifswald as an associate professor, and three years later relocated to the University of Bonn as full professor. He stayed there until 1928.
Westphal made contributions towards the literature involving diabetes insipidus, leukaemia and pseudoleukaemia, as well as a variety of topics in psychiatry and neurology. He is eponymously associated with the "Westphal-Pilcz sign" (neurotonic pupillary reaction), a medical indicator named in conjunction with Polish neurologist Jan Pilcz (1870–1931).
He also produced a compilation of a complete edition of his father's scientific works. He trained a number of significant scientists, including Otto Lowenstein (1889–1965), with whom he was co-author of Experimentelle und klinische Studien zur Physiologie und Pathologie der Pupillenbewegungen, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Schizophrenie (part of the series, Abhandlungen aus der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, Psychologie und ihren Grenzgebieten.
# Alexandra Deshorties

Alexandra Deshorties (born 1975) is a French-Canadian soprano who sings principally opera. She was born in Montreal and raised in Marseille, France, where she attended the Conservatory and "where she earned a gold medal/first prize for her performance in vocal juries." She continued her education at the Manhattan School of Music where she was a pupil of Patricia Misslin.
A winner of the Metropolitan Opera Council Auditions (and a participant in the National Council Winners Concert on 2 March 1997) at 21, she entered the Metropolitan Opera's Lindemann Young Artist program the following season and made her debut with the company as the High Priestess in Aida on 30 October 1999. She has since appeared in a large number of roles both with the Met (where she sang Elettra (Idomeneo), Konstanze (Die Entführung aus dem Serail), The Countess (The Marriage of Figaro), and Fiordiligi (Così fan tutte) and with other companies throughout the world.

## Principal roles and opera companies

For the Dallas Opera, she has sung the roles of Desdemona in Otello in October 2009 as well as that of Juliana Bordereau in Argento's The Aspern Papers in April 2013. As Fiordiligi and as Cleopatra in Giulio Cesare, she appeared at the Seattle Opera.
Other roles include the First Lady (Die Zauberflöte); Anna (Nabucco); Musetta (La bohème); Echo (Ariadne auf Naxos); Tytania (A Midsummer Night's Dream); Elizabeth I of England (Roberto Devereux) for Welsh National Opera in October/November 2013
Deshorties has appeared at the Festival d'Aix-en-Provence; the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris, France; the Salzburg Festival; the San Francisco Opera; the Houston Grand Opera; the Brooklyn Academy of Music; the Gran Teatre del Liceu, Barcelona; the A Coruña Festival, Spain; the Gstaad Festival; the Theater an der Wien (Elisabetta in Elisabetta, regina d'Inghilterra).
# Alexander Grant

Alexander Grant may refer to:

## The arts

* Alex da Kid (Alexander Grant, born 1982), English hip-hop producer
* Alex Grant (musician) (born 1974), bass guitarist for Idlewild and DeSalvo
* Alex Grant (poet), Scottish-American poet, teacher
* Alexander Grant (dancer) (1925–2011), founding member of the Birmingham Royal Ballet

## Politicians
### Canada

* Alexander Grant (Upper Canada politician) (1734–1813), Canadian politician, Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada
* Alexander Grant Dallas (1816-1882) Chief Factor in the Hudson's Bay Company
* Alexander Grant (Nova Scotia politician) (1830–1900), merchant and politician in Nova Scotia
* Alexander James Grant (1829–1909), Canadian politician
* Alexander Grant MacKay (1860-1920), Canadian politician

### United Kingdom

* Sir Alexander Grant, 8th Baronet (1782–1854), British Member of Parliament
* Sir Alexander Grant, 5th Baronet (1705–1772), British Member of Parliament for Inverness Burghs
* Alexander Grant (died 1719) (c. 1673–1719), Member of the 1st Parliament of Great Britain
* Alexander Grant (British Army officer) (1775–1827), army officer and colonial commandant in the Gambia

### United States

* Alexander Grant (Massachusetts politician) (1853–1935), Massachusetts machinist and politician
* Alexander R. Grant (1925–2001), Wisconsin politician

## Sportspeople

* Alec Grant (1893–1966), New Zealand cricketer
* Alex Grant (soccer) (born 1994), English-born Australian football (soccer) player
* Alex Grant (ice hockey) (born 1989), ice hockey player
* Alexander Grant (athlete) (1875–1946), American track and field athlete who competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics
* Alexander McGregor Grant (1888–1973), Australian rules footballer, New Zealand surgeon, horse-racing administrator, racehorse owner and breeder
* Lex Grant (born 1962), Scottish footballer

## Other

* Sir Alexander Grant, 1st Baronet (1864–1937), creator of recipe for McVitie's digestive biscuit, managing director of firm and benefactor to National Library of Scotland
* Sir Alexander Grant, 10th Baronet (1826–1884), principal of the University of Edinburgh
* Alexander John Grant (1693-1727), Roman Catholic clergyman
* Alexander Grant McLean (1824-1862), Surveyor General of New South Wales
* Surgeon-Major Alexander Grant (IMS) (1817–1900), surgeon in the Indian Medical Service
* Alexander Grant Ruthven (1882-1971) President of the University of Michigan
* Ludovick Alexander Ogilvy-Grant (1767-1840), 5th Earl of Seafield
# Algernon Sydney Biddle

Algernon Sydney Biddle (October 11, 1847 – April 8, 1891) was an American lawyer and law professor at the University of Pennsylvania Law School. An endowed chair was established at the University of Pennsylvania Law School in his name.

## Biography

Biddle was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to George Washington Biddle (a lawyer) and Maria (McMurtie) Biddle, their second child. His siblings were George Biddle and Arthur Biddle. His great-grandfather, Colonel Clement Biddle, was quartermaster in the army of George Washington during the American Revolutionary War.
He graduated from Yale College in 1868. Biddle then studied at the University of Berlin. He was admitted to the Pennsylvania Bar in 1872.
Biddle was a law professor at the University of Pennsylvania Law School from 1887 until his death, teaching evidence and torts. In 1887 to 1888 he was one of the editors of the American Law Register. He was also a member of the American Philosophical Society.
The George Biddle and Algernon Sydney Biddle Memorial Library was established at the University of Pennsylvania Law School via a gift by George W. Biddle in his memory and in the memory of George Biddle. In 1900 it had 23,000 books. The law school contains a portrait of him by society portraitist Cecilia Beaux.
An endowed chair was established at the University of Pennsylvania Law School in his name. Among the law professors who have held that chair are George Wharton Pepper, Francis Bohlen, Paul Bruton, George Haskins, and Curtis Reitz.
Biddle married Frances Brown. His children were Moncure (an investment banker), George (a muralist), Francis (who became both a corporate and public attorney, and was the primary US judge at the Nuremberg trials), and Sydney Geoffrey. Biddle died in Philadelphia.
# Alfred A. Sanelli

Brigadier General Alfred A. Sanelli, Pennsylvania Guard (May 1, 1921 – December 12, 2005). (Lieutenant Colonel, United States Army.) Sanelli was a graduate of Valley Forge Military Academy, Class of 1939. Following Valley Forge, he attended the University at Buffalo, but his education was interrupted in 1942 with the outbreak of World War II. He returned to college in 1946 and received a bachelor's degree in English. He later earned a master's degree from Columbia University.
Sanelli was a member of the English Department at Valley Forge in 1947 and returned to active duty in 1948. During his US Army career, BG Sanelli served in various capacities as a commander and staff officer, stateside and overseas. In 1952 he was assigned as assistant professor of military science at the University of Wisconsin. In 1958 he was appointed assistant professor of English at West Point. His last Army assignment before retiring in 1965 was as professor of military science at Valley Forge.
After his retirement, Sanelli was an associate professor of English at West Chester University. In 1967 he returned to Valley Forge as the dean of the academy, with the rank of brigadier general, Pennsylvania Guard, a position he held for 17 years before assuming his post as Chaplain and assistant to the president in 1984. During that period he was also the dean of the college for two years. In addition, he served as an adjunct instructor of First Class English in the academy and was an adjunct professor of ethics at the college.
As a cadet, Sanelli was the company commander of B Company and was class president in his First and Second Class years. He was a member of the Honor Council and received the order of Anthony Wayne.
In 1971 he was cited as a Leader in American Secondary School Education. In 1981 he was presented with the Distinguished Alumnus Award and at Homecoming 1999, he received the Valley Forge George Washington Award.
# Girolamo Bartei

Girolamo Bartei (c. 1570 – c. 1618) was an Italian composer of sacred music in the early Baroque.
He was general of the Augustin order of monks at Rome in the beginning of the seventeenth century. From two somewhat obscure passages in Giuseppe Baini's 'Memorie' we gather that he published at Rome in 1618 some masses for eight voices, some ricercari for two voices, and two books of concerti for two voices. To these François-Joseph Fétis adds some 'Responsoria' for four equal voices, printed at Venice in 1607.
# Idiorrhythmic monasticism

Idiorrhythmic monasticism is a form of monastic life in Christianity.
It was the original form of monastic life in Christianity, as exemplified by St. Anthony of Egypt (c. 250–355) and is the opposite of cenobitic monasticism in that instead of communal ownership, the monk lives alone, often in isolation. Philosophically it consisted of a hermit's total withdrawal from society, usually in the desert, and the constant practice of mental prayer. The word idiorrhythmic comes from two Greek words, idios for "particular" and rhythmos for "rule", so the word can be translated as meaning "following one's own devices".
It was first developed by St. Anthony of Egypt (c. 250–355) and is practised in Orthodox Christianity.
# Cnopus impressus

Cnopus impressus is a species of ant-like leaf beetle in the family Aderidae. It is found in North America.
# Antoine Héroet

Antoine Héroet, surnamed La Maison-Neuve (died 1568) was a French poet.

## Biography

He was born in Paris of a family connected with the well known chancellor François Olivier. His poetry belongs to his early years, for after he had taken orders he ceased to write profane poetry, no doubt because he considered it out of keeping with his calling. He attained the dignity of bishop of Digue.

## Work

His chief work is La Parfaicte Amye (Lyons, 1542) in which he developed the idea of a purely spiritual love, based chiefly on the reading of the Italian Neo-Platonists. The book aroused great controversy. La Borderie replied in L'Amie de cour with a description of a very much more human woman, and Charles Fontaine contributed a Contr'amye de court to the dispute.
Héroet, in addition to some translations from the classics, wrote the Complainte d'une dame nouvellement surprise d'amour, an Epistre a François I$^{er}$, and some pieces included in the now very rare Opuscules d'amour par Héroet, La Borderie et autres divins poetes (Lyons, 1547). Héroet belongs to the Lyonnese school of which Maurice Scève may be regarded as the leader. Clément Marot praises him, and Ronsard was careful to exempt him with one or two others from the scorn he poured on his immediate predecessors.
# Edward Riggs

Edward Riggs (March 24, 1856 – January 17, 1924) was a political reporter for The Sun (New York). His full name was Edward Gridley Riggs. After retiring from The Sun in 1913 Riggs became an executive assistant to the president of the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad. Riggs was born in New York City and died at his home at 38 South Portland Avenue, Brooklyn, New York. His father, James W. Riggs, was the financial editor of the New York Courier-Enquirer and later The Sun.

## Career

Riggs began his newspaper career by writing about financial and commercial subjects for the New York World. He moved on to write about politics for The Sun. He frequently attended both national and state political conventions. Riggs befriended a number of important political figures of his era. Among his friends included Presidents William McKinley, Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Grover Cleveland.
His tenure with the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad involved him serving as an intermediary between newspapers in the United States and the company's president. Continuing to follow political events, Riggs contributed political and financial articles to Harper's Weekly, The Bookman (New York), Everybody's Magazine, the North American Review, The Forum, and Munsey's Magazine, and other political magazines.
In 1912 he was named by Governor John Adams Dix to the New York City Public Service Commission. He was never confirmed in part because of opponents in Tammany Hall who considered Riggs a member of the Republican Party. Riggs considered himself to be an Independent.

## Personal life

In 1878 he married Elizabeth S. Brown of Forestville, Connecticut. Riggs was a member of the Lotos, Barnard, Manhattan, and Newspaper Clubs. He was also affiliated with the Pilgrims Society.

## Death

Riggs succumbed to an illness which began during the Christmas holidays in 1923. Funeral services were conducted from St. Ann's Church, Clinton and Livingston Streets, in Brooklyn.
# 10258 Sárneczky

10258 Sárneczky, provisional designation 1940 AB, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 6 January 1940, by Hungarian astronomer György Kulin at the Konkoly Observatory, near Budapest. The asteroid was named after Hungarian astronomer Krisztián Sárneczky.

## Orbit and classification

Sárneczky is non-family asteroid from the main-belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.9–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 7 months (2,053 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 14° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Konkoly in 1940.

## Physical characteristics
### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Sárneczky measures 14.275 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.151. The asteroid has an absolute magnitude of 12.1.

### Rotation period

As of 2017, no rotational lightcurve of Sárneczky has been obtained from photometric observations. The body's rotation period, shape and poles remain unknown.

## Naming

This minor planet was named after Krisztián Sárneczky (born 1974), a Hungarian amateur astronomer and discoverer of minor planets and supernovae. He is a board member of the Hungarian Astronomical Association (HAA). The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 5 October 2017 (M.P.C. 106499).
# 2023 Labour Party leadership election

Labour Party leadership elections were held in the following countries during 2023:
* 2023 New Zealand Labour Party leadership election
* 2023 Queensland Labor Party leadership election in Australia
* 2023 Territory Labor Party leadership election in Australia
* 2023 Victorian Labor Party leadership election in Australia
* 2023 Western Australian Labor Party leadership election in Australia
# Alfred Reynolds (politician)

Alfred George Reynolds (22 May 1894 – 23 April 1976) was an Australian politician. He was the Labor member for Forrest in the Western Australian Legislative Assembly from 1947 to 1950.
Born in Milton, Queensland, on 22 May 1894, Reynolds joined the Australian Imperial Forces at the outbreak of the First World War with the regimental service number 62. He joined the 3rd Field Ambulance of the 1st Australian Division and served as a stretcher bearer and batman throughout the war, landing at Gallipoli from HMS Ribble before dawn on 25 April 1915 and through the Western Front battles of Fromelles, Mouquet Farm, Ypres, Menin Road and the German counter attacks of Operation Michael and Operation Georgette and finishing with the Battle of Épehy. He arrived back in Sydney on 5 December 1918.
On his return he married Monica McKenna, the youngest daughter of John McKenna the Commissioner of the Western Australia Police and took up soldier settlement land at Mukinbudin. They had six children. Monica died on 4 July 1932 and Reynolds in the same year married Elizabeth Barnett, the local schoolteacher. They had a further two children.
Reynolds lost the farm as a result of the Great Depression and moved to York, Western Australia, working as a farm manager and accountant. After his experiences in the War, he maintained an interest in politics, standing in turn for the Federal Division of Swan as an Independent Country Party candidate, the State Electoral district of Forrest (successfully) and the State Electoral district of Canning for the Labor Party, after Forrest was abolished in the redistribution before the 1950 election. Reynolds was defeated at the election.
He died on 23 April 1976.
One of his grandchildren is Linda Reynolds, a Liberal Senator for the State of Western Australia.
# 1954 UMass Redmen baseball team

The 1954 UMass Redmen baseball team represented the University of Massachusetts Amherst in the 1954 NCAA baseball season. The Redmen played their home games at Alumni Field. The team was coached by Earl Lorden in his 7th year as head coach at UMass.
The Redmen won the District I to advance to the College World Series, where they were defeated by the Missouri Tigers.

## Schedule

1954 UMass Redmen Baseball Game Log :
Regular season :
April (3–2)
#DateOpponentSite/stadiumScoreOverall recordYankee Record
1April 19at ConnecticutGardner Dow Athletic Fields • Storrs, Connecticut1–01–01–0
2April 19at ConnecticutGardner Dow Athletic Fields • Storrs, Connecticut1–02–02–0
3April 24at New HampshireBrackett Field • Durham, New Hampshire0–72–12–1
4April 24at New HampshireBrackett Field • Durham, New Hampshire4–03–13–1
5April 29Holy CrossAlumni Field • Amherst, Massachusetts0–33–23–1 :
May (8–3)
#DateOpponentSite/stadiumScoreOverall recordYankee Record
6May 1at American InternationalUnknown • Boston, Massachusetts3–93–33–1
7May 5at Boston UniversityUnknown • Boston, Massachusetts6–14–33–1
8May 7at MiddleburyUnknown • Middlebury, Vermont8–55–33–1
9May 11at Coast GuardUnknown • Boston, Massachusetts2–06–33–1
10May 12WilliamsAlumni Field • Amherst, Massachusetts3–07–33–1
11May 15TuftsAlumni Field • Amherst, Massachusetts1–27–43–1
12May 17Rhode IslandAlumni Field • Amherst, Massachusetts1–08–44–1
13May 17Rhode IslandAlumni Field • Amherst, Massachusetts0–18–54–2
14May 19at TrintyUnknown • Hartford, Connecticut7–39–54–2
15May 20WPIAlumni Field • Amherst, Massachusetts4–010–54–2
16May 31Quonset NavalAlumni Field • Amherst, Massachusetts3–211–54–2 :
Postseason :
NCAA District I Playoff (3–0)
#DateOpponentSite/stadiumScoreOverall recordYankee Record
17June 3at SpringfieldPynchon Park • Springfield, Massachusetts9–712–54–2
18June 4vs Boston UniversityPynchon Park • Springfield, Massachusetts2–013–54–2
19June 5vs AmherstPynchon Park • Springfield, Massachusetts2–014–54–2 :
College World Series (1–2)
#DateOpponentSite/stadiumScoreOverall recordYankee Record
20June 10vs Michigan StateOmaha Municipal Stadium • Omaha, Nebraska5–1614–64–2
21June 11vs OregonOmaha Municipal Stadium • Omaha, Nebraska5–315–64–2
22June 12vs MissouriOmaha Municipal Stadium • Omaha, Nebraska1–815–74–2 :
# Halveti Teqe

Halveti Teqe may refer to:
* Halveti Teqe, Berat
* Halveti Teqe, Herebel
* Halveti Teqe, Prizren
# Gjaerumia

The Gjaerumiaceae are a family of smut fungi in the Basidiomycota, class Exobasidiomycetes. The family is monotypic, and contains the single genus Gjaerumia. Species in the family are distributed in northern Europe, where they grow biotrophically in leaves of the bog asphodel.
# Atterson, Kentucky

Atterson was an unincorporated community in Casey County, Kentucky, United States. Its post office, along with the rest of the town, has ceased to exist.
# Fleischmann (band)

Fleischmann was a German band, founded in 1989, that pioneered a style called "Neue Deutsche Härte", being ancestors of successful bands like Rammstein. Their style is considered a "missing link" between metal and NDH.
They released several albums, their most popular one being Hunger, which made its debut in 1995. A single was released from the album titled "Ohne Traurigkeit". They received help on the Hunger album from Farin Urlaub (from Die Ärzte), who assisted in the backing vocals and chorus.

## Discography
### Studio albums

* Power of Limits (1992)
* Fleischwolf (1993)
* Das Treibhaus (1994)
* Hunger (1995)
# 2017 London attack

2017 London attack may refer to any of four separate events:
* The 2017 Westminster attack on 22 March
* The 2017 London Bridge attack on 3 June
* The Finsbury Park attack on 19 June
* The Parsons Green bombing on 15 September