OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dipcadi brevifolium

Dipcadi brevifolium is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, native to Namibia, the Cape Provinces of South Africa, the Mozambique Channel Islands and Madagascar.
The species was first described, as Hyacinthus brevifolius, by Carl Peter Thunberg in 1794. It was transferred to Dipcadi by Henry Georges Fourcade in 1932.
# 1975 European Karate Championships

The 1975 European Karate Championships, the 10th edition, was held in Ostend, Belgium from May 5 to 7, 1975.

## Competition

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Kumite -65 kg | Roger Paschy | Willy Voss | Jacques Bonvin Marc Soli |
| Kumite -75 kg | Billy Higgins | William Millerson | Christian Alifax Wolfgang Ziebart |
| Kumite -80 kg | Eugene Codrington | John Reeberg | Brian Fitkin Dominique Valera |
| Open Kumite | Jacques Abdurraman | Von Johnson | Pasquale La Cassia Dominique Valera |

### Team

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Kumite | France | Switzerland | West Germany Scotland |
# 2-hydroxyquinoline 8-monooxygenase

In enzymology, a 2-hydroxyquinoline 8-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.61) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    quinolin-2-ol + NADH + H$^+$ + O$_2$ $\rightleftharpoons$ quinolin-2,8-diol + NAD$^+$ + H$_2$O
The 4 substrates of this enzyme are quinolin-2-ol, NADH, H$^+$, and O$_2$, whereas its 3 products are quinolin-2,8-diol, NAD$^+$, and H$_2$O.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is quinolin-2(1H)-one,NADH:oxygen oxidoreductase (8-oxygenating). This enzyme is also called 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline 8-monooxygenase. It employs one cofactor, iron.

## Structural studies

As of late 2007, 3 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1Z01, 1Z02, and 1Z03.
# Euoplos ballidu

Euoplos ballidu is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Idiopidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2000 by Australian arachnologist Barbara York Main. The specific epithet ballidu refers to the type locality.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in south-west Western Australia in the Avon Wheatbelt bioregion. The type locality is Ballidu, 217 km north of Perth, where the habitat is mixed open wodjil heath on yellow sand.
# Atcheson

Atcheson is a surname of Anglo-Scottish origin. Notable people with this surname:
* G. Gordon Atcheson (born 1954), American judge
* George Atcheson Jr. (1896–1947), American diplomat to Japan after World War II, Chairman of the Allied Council for Japan
* Nathaniel Atcheson (1772–1825), English ship-owner
* Paul Atcheson (born 1973), English rugby league footballer
* Randall Atcheson (born 1951), American concert pianist
* Sheree Atcheson (born 1991), Sri Lankan-Irish computer scientist
* William Atcheson Stewart (1915–1990), Canadian politician
* William Atcheson Traill (1844–1933), Irish engineer
# Yang Jian (rower)

Yang Jian (Chinese: 杨健, born 25 August 1981) is a Chinese rower who competed in the Men's lightweight double sculls event at the 2004 Summer Olympics. His partner was Zhu Zhifu.
# 2017 Nordic Naturals Challenger – Doubles

Nicolaas Scholtz and Tucker Vorster were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.
Jonathan Erlich and Neal Skupski won the title after defeating Alex Bolt and Jordan Thompson 6–3, 2–6, [10–8] in the final.

## Seeds

* Wesley Koolhof / Artem Sitak (semifinals)
* Sam Groth / Scott Lipsky (first round)
* Jonathan Erlich / Neal Skupski (champions)
* Alex Bolt / Jordan Thompson (final)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | W Koolhof A Sitak | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Krajicek J Withrow | 4 | 6$^5$ | | 1 | W Koolhof A Sitak | w/o | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | T Fritz M Krueger | 7 | 7 | | WC | T Fritz M Krueger | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Luca Corinteli M McDonald | 5 | 5 | | | | | | | 1 | W Koolhof A Sitak | 3 | 6 | [8] | | | | | |
| 4 | A Bolt J Thompson | 4 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | 4 | A Bolt J Thompson | 6 | 2 | [10] | | | | | |
| | C Ruud A Santillan | 6 | 2 | [7] | 4 | A Bolt J Thompson | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | S de Waard B McLachlan | 6 | 7$^{11}$ | | | S de Waard B McLachlan | 1 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| PR | K Kravchuk D Tursunov | 3 | 6$^9$ | | | | | | | | | | | | 4 | A Bolt J Thompson | 3 | 6 | [8] |
| | D Novikov A Siljeström | 4 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | 3 | J Erlich N Skupski | 6 | 2 | [10] |
| Q | J Jung D King | 6 | 6 | | Q | J Jung D King | 7 | 4 | [11] | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | L Bambridge D O'Hare | 3 | 2 | | 3 | J Erlich N Skupski | 5 | 6 | [13] | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | J Erlich N Skupski | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 3 | J Erlich N Skupski | 3 | 6 | [12] | | | | | |
| | A Bublik B Mousley | 2 | 6 | [3] | | | | | | LL | R Bemelmans J De Loore | 6 | 4 | [10] | | | | | |
| | R Roelofse C Rungkat | 6 | 1 | [10] | | R Roelofse C Rungkat | 7$^7$ | 4 | [4] | | | | | | | | | | |
| LL | R Bemelmans J De Loore | 6 | 6 | | LL | R Bemelmans J De Loore | 6$^3$ | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | S Groth S Lipsky | 4 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Diptychandra

Diptychandra is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It includes two species native to northern South America, ranging from Colombia to Bolivia, Paraguay, and southeastern Brazil.
# Hiromitsu Takahashi

Hiromitsu Takahashi (高橋 宏光, Takahashi Hiromitsu, born in 1959 in Kanagawa Prefecture), sometimes known simply as Hiromitsu, is a Japanese contemporary artist, specializing in kappazuri stencil prints depicting figures from the kabuki theatre.
Born in Kanagawa prefecture in 1959, Hiromitsu graduated from Nihon University in 1981, and currently operates out of the Tokyo area. An obvious successor to the ukiyo-e artists of the Edo period in his choice of subject (see yakusha-e, lit. "[kabuki] actor prints"), his methods and style show the strong influence of Yoshitoshi Mori, a stencil print artist whom Hiromitsu's parents served as printers.
Takahashi has taken part in solo and group exhibitions both in Japan and abroad. He was named Most Promising Artist at the Grand Prix Exhibit at the Isetan Art Gallery in Tokyo, in both 1986 and 1989.
In 2020, Hiromitsu was the subject of Lucas Martineau's book The "DyEing" Art of Kappazuri, contrasting the artist's kappazuri techniques with the kabuki tales of his prints.
# Coiled-coil domain containing 18

Coiled-coil domain containing 18 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCDC18 gene.
# Emmanuel Pirard

Emmanuel Pirard (born 21 February 1974) is a Belgian former footballer who played as a defender.

## Early life

Pirard was born in 1974 in Belgium. He has been a supporter of Belgian side RSC Anderlecht.

## Career

Pirard started his career with Belgian side FC Herstal. In 1995, he signed for Belgian side Hoeselt VV. In 1996, he signed for Belgian side RRFC Montegnée. In 1997, he signed for Belgian side RFC Liège. In 1998, he signed for Belgian side RAA Louviéroise. In 2000, he signed for Belgian side RSC Anderlecht. He helped the club win the Belgian Super Cup. In 2002, he signed for Belgian side CS Visé. In 2004, he returned to Belgian side RRFC Montegnée. In 2006 he returned to Belgian side CS Visé.

## Personal life

Pirard is a native of Juslenville, Belgium. After retiring from professional football, he worked at a rehabilitation center.
# Evangeline Bank and Trust Company

The Evangeline Bank and Trust Company, also known as Ville Platte City Hall, is a two-story building with elements of Classical Revival style located at 342 West Main Street in Ville Platte in Evangeline Parish, Louisiana.
Built in 191, it is a masonry building. It was deemed significant "as the town of Ville Platte’s most impressive architectural landmark."
The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 1, 2005.
# Hisham ibn al-Mughira

Hisham ibn al-Mughira (died 598) was an Arab tribal leader from the Banu Makhzum clan of the Quraysh tribe. He was a person of high rank among the Quraysh and he was one of the commanders in the Sacrilegious War.
He was the son of al-Mughira ibn Abd Allah, one of the leaders of the Quraysh. One of his daughters was Hantamah, who was the mother of Umar. By his wife Asma bint Mukharraba, he was the father of Amr ibn Hisham the notorious opponent of Islamic prophet Muhammad. His brother was Walid ibn al-Mughira, making him an uncle of the famous Muslim general Khalid ibn al-Walid. Hisham was a contemporary of Muhammad.
It is believed that he died in 598.
# 1989 Lorraine Open

The 1989 Lorraine Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in Nancy, France, and was part of the 1989 Nabisco Grand Prix. The tournament took place from 27 February through 5 March 1989. It was the 11th and final edition of the tournament. Third-seeded Guy Forget won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Guy Forget defeated Michiel Schapers 6–3, 7–6$^{(7–5)}$
* It was Forget's only singles title of the year and the second of his career.

### Doubles

Udo Riglewski / Tobias Svantesson defeated João Cunha e Silva / Eduardo Masso 6–4, 6–7, 7–6
* It was Riglewski's 1st title of the year and the 3rd of his career. It was Svantesson's 1st title of the year and the 1st of his career.
# Clarina kotschyi

Clarina kotschyi, the grapevine hawkmoth, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Vincenz Kollar in 1849. It is found from the Iranian plateau and Mesopotamia to eastern and central Turkey.
The larvae have been recorded feeding on Vitis vinifera, Parthenocissus and Ampelopsis species.
# 1994 Arab Club Champions Cup

The 1994 Arab Club Champions Cup was played in Saudi Arabia in the city of Riyadh. Al-Hilal won the championship for the first time beating in the final Al-Ittihad.

## Participants

Participants :
| Zone | Team | Qualifying method |
| | Al-Hilal | Hosts & 1992–93 Saudi Premier League Runners up |
| Zone 1 | Al-Arabi | 1992–93 Kuwaiti League Winners |
| Zone 1 | Al-Ittihad | 1992–93 Qatari League 3rd |
| Zone 2 | Al-Ittihad | 1992–93 Saudi Premier League 3rd |
| Zone 2 | Al-Merrikh | 1992–93 Sudan League Winners |
| Zone 3 | JS Kabylie | 1992–93 Algerian Championnat National 4th |
| Zone 3 | CA Bizertin | 1992–93 Tunisian League 3rd |
| Zone 4 | Shabab Rafah | Gaza Premier League winners |

## Preliminary round
### Zone 1 (Gulf Area)

Al-Arabi & Al-Ittihad Doha advanced to the final tournament.

### Zone 2 (Red Sea)

Al-Ittihad Jeddah & Al-Merrikh advanced to the final tournament.

### Zone 3 (North Africa)

JS Kabylie & CA Bizertin advanced to the final tournament.

### Zone 4 (East Region)

Shabab Rafah advanced to the final tournament.

## Final tournament

Final tournament held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in November 1994.

### Group stage
#### Group A

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Al-Hilal | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 1 | +9 | 9 |
| JS Kabylie | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 4 | +3 | 6 |
| Al-Arabi | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 7 | −1 | 3 |
| Shabab Rafah | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 13 | −10 | 0 |

#### Group B

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Al-Ittihad | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | +2 | 7 |
| CA Bizertin | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| Al-Ittihad | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 4 | −1 | 3 |
| Al-Merrikh | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 | −1 | 3 |

### Knockout stage

| Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| – Riyadh | – Riyadh |
| Al-Hilal | 4 |
| Al-Hilal | 4 | – Riyadh | – Riyadh |
| CA Bizertin | 1 | – Riyadh | – Riyadh |
| CA Bizertin | 1 | Al-Hilal (p) | 0 (4) |
| – Riyadh | – Riyadh | | Al-Hilal (p) | 0 (4) |
| – Riyadh | – Riyadh | Al-Ittihad | 0 (3) |
| Al-Ittihad (aet) | 3 | Al-Ittihad | 0 (3) |
| JS Kabylie | 1 | | |

#### Final
## Winners

* 1994 Arab Club Champions Cup winners
* Al-Hilal First title
# Clemens August Andreae

Clemens August Andreae (5 March 1929 – 26 May 1991) was an Austrian economist who served as a professor of political economics and the dean of law and political sciences for the University of Innsbruck. He wrote a book called Der größere Markt – Wirtschaftsintegration vom Atlantik bis zum Ural ("The Larger Market – Economic Integration from the Atlantic to the Urals"). Andreae was scheduled to give the opening speech for the 1986 Salzburg Festival; the opening speech is typically given by a prominent scientist or artist. Andreae replaced Ralf Dahrendorf, a West German sociologist and professor, who withdrew the pledge because he did not want to speak to an audience that included Kurt Waldheim, the president of Austria.

## Death

On 26 May 1991, Andreae was among 223 people Lauda Air Flight 004 aboard killed in a crash in Phu Toei National Park, Thailand caused by in-flight breakup. He was leading a group of students from the University of Innsbruck in a tour of the Far East. The passengers on the aircraft included 21 members of the University of Innsbruck, including Andreae, another professor, six assistants, and 13 students. Andreae had often led field visits to Hong Kong.

## Works

* Andreae, Clemens August and Dieter Schoen. Der größere Markt: Wirtschaftsintegration vom Atlantik bis zum Ural. Seewald Verlag, 1966.
* Andreae, Clemens August and Volkmar Muthesius. Unser kompliziertes Steurersystem. Beiträge von Clemens A[ugust] Andreae [u. a.] Volkmar Muthesius z. 70. Geburtstag am 19. März 1970. F. Knapp, 1970.
* Andreae, Clemens August and Reinhard Berthold Koester. Taxation: An International Disequilibrium, Issue 16. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, 1987. ISBN 3515051252, 9783515051255.
* Andreae, Clemens August (editor: Franz Aubele) Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft: Ausgewählte Schriften in memoriam. Duncker & Humblot GmbH [de], 1994. ISBN 3428079604, 9783428079605.
# Clemente Origo

Clemente Origo (28 February 1855 in Rome – 29 September 1921 in Florence) was an Italian painter.

## Biography

He was a resident of Florence. His subjects commonly display cattle and horses and scenes of herding in the Italian lowlands. he also painted landscapes, often exhibiting at the Promotrice of Florence and other Italian exhibitions. Among his works are Testa dì cavallo, studio dal vero; Cavalli al trotto; Mandria al pascolo; Strada di Larici, studio dal vero, Cavallino caduto (1902, Uffizi), Morte del cervo (1907), and plans for the Monument to Alexander III at St Petersburg, Russia. Origo had studied design briefly with Cesare Fracassini and with Guglielmo de Sanctis. He later dedicated himself to sculpture, working with P. Trubeckoj.
# Clemente Peani

Clemente Peani (1731–1782), also known as Clemens Peanius and Clemens di Gesù, was a member of Congregatio de Propaganda Fide who was involved in the preparation of Alphabetum grandonico-malabaricum sive samscrudonicum, published in 1772 by the congregation's press. Clemente spent several years in Kerala where he devoted himself to mission work and a study of Malayalam, a Dravidian language. During a visit to Rome he cut and engraved a set of Malayalam types for the press.
# 1995 U.S. Open

1995 U.S. Open may refer to:
* 1995 U.S. Open (golf), a major golf tournament
* 1995 US Open (tennis), a Grand Slam tennis tournament
# Cleveland Thistles

Cleveland Thistles was an amateur U.S. soccer team which played during the early twentieth century in Cleveland, Ohio.

## History

Thistles was established as an amateur team at least as early as October 1906 when it joined Cleveland's first amateur league, the Cleveland Association Football League. From 1911 to 1916, Thistles appeared in the finals of several cups at the city and state level. Additionally, it entered the National Challenge Cup, beginning with the first in 1914 when it eliminated the Niagara Falls Rangers in the first round. In 1915, Thistles went to the third round of the Challenge Cup and in 1916, to the quarterfinals. The team then fell on hard times and the next mention in the national press came in 1925 when Thistles was eliminated by Chicago Canadian Club in the semifinals of the weakened 1925 National Challenge Cup.

## Honors

Bowler Cup
   * Champion (2): 1912, 1916
   * Runner Up (1): 1911
Ohio State Association Cup
   * Runner Up (1): 1916
American Federation of Labor Cup (Cleveland)
   * Runner Up (1): 1913
# Cody Thompson

Cody Thompson may refer to:
* Cody Thompson (politician)
* Cody Thompson (American football)
# Emanuel Tolbert

Emanuel Tolbert (born December 2, 1958) is a former American college and professional football player who was a slotback and wide receiver in the Canadian Football League (CFL) for eleven seasons during the 1980s and early 1990s. Tolbert played college football for Southern Methodist University, where he was an All-American. He played professionally for the Saskatchewan Roughriders, Toronto Argonauts, Calgary Stampeders and British Columbia Lions of the CFL, and played a key role in the Argonauts' 1983 Grey Cup victory by recovering a fumble on the game-winning drive.
Tolbert was convicted of rape and violating a minor in 2001. He was sentenced to 15 years in prison for the rape plus four years for violation, to be served concurrently.
# 1979 Rhodesian constitutional referendum

A constitutional referendum was held in Rhodesia on 30 January 1979. It followed the Internal Settlement drawn up between Prime Minister Ian Smith and Abel Muzorewa, leader of the non-violent UANC. The new constitution would bring in black majority rule in the country, which would be renamed Zimbabwe Rhodesia. The settlement was supported by the ruling Rhodesian Front, but opposed by the Rhodesian Action Party, which had broken away from the Front.
The referendum was open only to white voters, passing by 85%. Voter turnout was 71.5%.
Despite the transition to majority rule following elections in April, the country remained unrecognised by the international community, and the Patriotic Front parties continued the Bush War until the signing of the Lancaster House Agreement and fresh elections in 1980.

## Results

| Choice | Choice | Votes | % |
| For | For | 57,269 | 85.38 |
| Against | Against | 9,805 | 14.62 |
| Total | Total | 67,074 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 67,074 | 98.87 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 764 | 1.13 |
| Total votes | Total votes | 67,838 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 94,900 | 71.48 |
| Source: African Elections Database ||||

## Aftermath

Rhodesian Action Party president Ina Bursey denounced the "yes" vote in the referendum, declaring "The Rhodesian people have sold their souls to the devil and deserve to reap the fruits of the whirlwind." She announced that the party would be dissolved and that she would be emigrating from Rhodesia.
# Evangeline Booth College

The Salvation Army Evangeline Booth College, or EBC, is an accredited theological college administered by The Salvation Army. The school is located in Atlanta, Georgia and is named after General Evangeline Booth, the 4th General of The Salvation Army. The Evangeline Booth College follows the Salvation Army's ranking system where there are first-year and second-year cadets.
Evangeline Booth College was established for the training of Salvation Army Officers. Enrolled students are referred to as either first-year or second-year cadets. Once a cadet completes two years of training and receives his/her associate degree (or higher degree if building upon credits from another institution), the cadet is commissioned as a Salvation Army officer with the rank of lieutenant.
According to the Evangeline Booth College website, the aim of the college is to "To develop officers possessing such blood and fire spirit that they will be enabled to sustain and advance the interest of The Salvation Army."

## Requirements

Students must dedicate their career to The Salvation Army. They are required to be Christians who adopt the eleven doctrines of The Salvation Army, and they must wear the uniform prescribed by The Salvation Army. Students are not allowed to be in any sort of financial debt, whether that be owing money on a mortgage, a vehicle, student or private loans, etc. To graduate, students must complete coursework in addition to summer and winter assignments in which they will be expected to work in a Salvation Army location. Additionally, students must partake in mission trips that often occur outside of the United States.
The Salvation Army Southern Territory Historical Center is also located at the college.
# Atlético Futebol Clube

The Atlético Futebol Clube or Atlético de Salvador was a Brazilian football club, based in the city of Salvador, capital of the state of Bahia.
Founded on May 7, 1912, it originated from Sport Club Santos Dumont, founded in 1904. After winning the 1912 title against Vitória, Atlético no longer competed in the championship, due to the creation of a new league the following year.

## Honors

* Campeonato Baiano: 1912
# Yao Wenyuan

Yao Wenyuan (January 12, 1931 – December 23, 2005) was a Chinese literary critic, politician, and member of the Gang of Four during China's Cultural Revolution.

## Biography

Yao Wenyuan was born in Zhuji, Zhejiang, to an intellectual family. His father, Yao Pengzi (姚蓬子) was a writer, translator and art critic.
He began his career in Shanghai as a literary critic, where he became known for his sharp attacks against colleagues, such as in June 1957 against the newspaper Wenhuibao. Since that time, he began to closely collaborate with leftist Shanghai politicians, including the head of the city's Propaganda Department, Zhang Chunqiao. His article "On the New Historical Beijing Opera 'Hai Rui Dismissed from Office'", published in Wenhuibao on November 10, 1965, launched the Cultural Revolution.
The article was about a popular opera by Wu Han, who was deputy mayor of Beijing. Zhang Chunqiao and Jiang Qing feared the play could be counter-revolutionary because parallels could be drawn between the characters in the play and officials in the communist government. In the play, Hai Rui, a government official, speaks for the peasants against the imperial government, criticizing officials for hypocritically oppressing the masses while pretending to be virtuous men. Hai Rui is dismissed because of this. Yao claimed it was a coded attack on Mao for dismissing in 1959 then-minister of defense Peng Dehuai, a critic of Mao's Great Leap Forward.
Confused by this unexpected attack, Beijing's party leadership tried to protect Wu Han, providing Mao the pretext for a full-scale "struggle" against them in the following year. Yao was soon promoted to the Cultural Revolution Group.
Yao Wenyuan was an ideal candidate for the criticism for such an opera because of his consistent socialist background. In April 1969 he joined the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, working on official propaganda. A member of "Proletarian writers for purity" he was the editor of Liberation Daily, one of Shanghai's main newspapers. He joined the state's efforts to rid China's writers union of the famous writer Hu Feng.
On October 6, 1976, he was arrested for his participation in the Cultural Revolution and sentenced to 20 years imprisonment in 1981. He was released on October 5, 1996, and spent the remainder of his life writing a book and studying Chinese history. He lived in Huzhou and Shanghai and became the last surviving member of the Gang of Four after Zhang Chunqiao died in April 2005. According to China's official Xinhua news agency, he died of diabetes on December 23, 2005, aged 74.