OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alfreds Meders

Alfreds Arnolds Adolfs Meders was a German-Latvian mathematician, and a student of Adolf Kneser at the University of Tartu. He was a professor at the Riga Technical University until his mandatory repatriation to Germany in 1939. In Riga, Eizens Leimanis was one of his students.
# Alexis King

Alexis King (born March 31, 1983) is an American former tennis player. Before marriage, she was known as Alexis Gordon.
Her career-high singles ranking is 343, achieved July 2008, a ranking which gave her a direct entry into the 2008 Ordina Open, where she lost in the first round to New Zealander Marina Erakovic.
This has been King's only appearance at a WTA Tour event. In her career, she won three singles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

## ITF Circuit finals
### Singles (3–2)

* $100,000 tournaments
* $75,000 tournaments
* $50,000 tournaments
* $25,000 tournaments
* $10,000 tournaments
| Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Winner | 1. | 28 April 2008 | Charlottesville, United States | Clay | Olga Puchkova | 6–3, 6–3 |
| Runner-up | 2. | 24 May 2010 | Sumter, United States | Hard | Jelena Pandžić | 2–6, 6–1, 2–6 |
| Winner | 3. | 31 May 2010 | Hilton Head, United States | Hard | Jacqueline Cako | 6–2, 6–2 |
| Winner | 4. | 23 May 2011 | Sumter, United States | Hard | Brooke Austin | 6–3, 7–5 |
| Runner-up | 5. | 11 July 2011 | Atlanta, United States | Hard | Lauren Davis | 6–1, 2–6, 2–6 |
# Alfred Gordon Gaydon

Alfred Gordon Gaydon (26 September 1911 – 16 April 2004) was a leading spectroscopist and combustion scientist.
He was brought up at Surbiton, Surrey, where he attended Kingston Grammar School. There he became a keen oarsman, later rowing for Imperial College, London, and Kingston Rowing Club. In 1929 he graduated in Physics from the Royal College of Science (now Imperial College) and, after a period of post graduate study there accepted a post at the Shirley Institute of the Cotton Research Association near Manchester.
He was responsible for developing the shock tube as a means to study flames and combustion, and was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1953 and in 1960 awarded their Rumford Medal.
He is perhaps best known, however, for his ability to see ultraviolet light. In 1936, while he was working at the Shirley Institute, a laboratory explosion damaged his eye, which was later removed. His remaining eye, which had the lens removed was blind. But slowly, he began to regain sight and discovered that he could now see ultraviolet, although he perceived the colour as blue.
In 1936 he returned to Imperial College and later held the Warren Fellowship of the Royal Society and, from 1961, the Chair of Molecular Spectroscopy in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemical Technology .
He died in 2004. He had married Phillis Gaze in 1940.

## Books

* A.G. Gaydon (1974). The Spectroscopy of Flames. Springer. ISBN 978-9400957220.
* A.G. Gaydon (1979). Flames, Their Structure, Radiation, and Temperature. Chapman & Hall. ISBN 978-0470264812.
* A.G. Gaydon, I.R. Hurle (1963). The Shock Tube In High Temperature Chemical Physics. Literary Licensing. ISBN 978-1258637460.
# Algeria at the 2010 Winter Olympics

Algeria sent a delegation to compete at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, held between 12 and 28 February 2010. The country's participation at Vancouver marked its third appearance at a Winter Olympics since its debut in 1992. The delegation consisted of a single cross-country skier, Mehdi-Selim Khelifi. Khelifi competed in the 15 kilometre freestyle event, and finished in 84th place.

## Background

Algeria made its Winter Olympic Games debut at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France. The country was absent from the next three Winter Olympics, returning 14 years later for the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy. Although Algeria has won medals in the Summer Olympics, no Algerian athlete has ever won a medal at a Winter Games. The nation sent only one athlete to Vancouver, Mehdi-Selim Khelifi, a cross-country skier. Khelifi was selected as the flag bearer in the Parade of Nations during the opening ceremony. Because the delegation had already gone home, an unnamed assistant of the National Olympic Committee carried the flag in the closing ceremony.

## Cross-country skiing

Mehdi-Selim Khelifi was 17 years old at the time of the Vancouver Olympics. He was entered into only one event, the 15 kilometre freestyle. The race was held on 15 February 2010, and Khelifi finished with a time of 41 minutes and 38 seconds, roughly eight minutes behind the gold medallist. His time was good for 84th place; there were 95 competitors who finished the race.
| Athlete | Event | Final | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Deficit | Rank |
| Mehdi-Selim Khelifi | 15 kilometre freestyle | 41:38.5 | 8:02.2 | 84 |
# Alison Weisskopf

Alison Weisskopf (1960–2018) was a British-German archaeologist specialising in archaeobotany, specifically the analysis of ancient phytoliths.

## Education and career

Weisskopf studied at the UCL Institute of Archaeology as a mature student. She was awarded her bachelor's degree in 2003, writing a dissertation on phytoliths from the Bronze Age site of Krasnoe Smarskoe in the Samara Valley in Russia. She went on to obtain a master's degree in palaeoecology of human societies in 2005, again analysing phytoliths as well as macro-botanical remains for her dissertation research, on the Neolithic site of Sanganakallu in Deccan, India. Her doctoral thesis was titled Vegetation, agriculture and social change in Neolithic north central China, a phytolith study. It was published in the British Archaeological Reports series in 2014.
After obtaining her PhD in 2010, Weisskopf held a series of research positions at the UCL Institute of Archaeology, working on the origins of evolution of rice agriculture in East and Southeast Asia.
Weisskopf was diagnosed with late stage cancer in 2010 and died on 11 January 2018.

## Selected publications

* Fuller, D Q and Weisskopf, A R 2011 The Early Rice Project: from Domestication to Global Warming. Archaeology International, 13(14): 44–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/ai.1314
* Fuller, D Q, Weisskopf, A R and Castillo, C C 2016 Pathways of Rice Diversification across Asia. Archaeology International, 19: 84–96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/ai.1915
* Weisskopf, A R 2014 Millets, Rice and Farmers: Phytoliths as Indicators of Agricultural, Social and Ecological Change in Neolithic and Bronze Age Central China. BAR International Series 2589. Oxford: Archaeopress.
* Weisskopf, A R, Harvey, E, Kingwell-Banham, E, Kajale, M, Mohanty, R, and Fuller, D Q 2014 Archaeobotanical implications of phytolith assemblages from cultivated rice systems, wild rice stands and macro-regional patterns. Journal of Archaeological Science, 51: 43–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2013.04.026
* Weisskopf, A R, Qin, L, Ding, J, Ding, P, Sun, G and Fuller, D Q 2015 Phytoliths and rice: from wet to dry and back again in the Neolithic Lower Yangtze. Antiquity, 89(347): 1051–1063. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2015.94
# All Jets Are Gonna Fall Today

All Jets Are Gonna Fall Today is the debut full-length album by the American band Chocolate USA. Released in 1992, it was their first album for Bar/None Records. The band started working on it in 1990. It was recorded under Chocolate USA's former name, Miss America.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Trouser Press wrote that "Chocolate USA is nothing if not eclectic; although most of the album is acoustic slacker pop, 'Skyphilis/Air Raid' kicks off as a pastiche of Tommy Dorsey’s big band sound and glides into an extended free-jazz fantasy." The Tampa Bay Times called the album "rife with fragmented genius, nervous energy and a creative vibe so powerful, it could send shivers down a spine of stainless steel." The Times Union considered it a "wonderfully wild pastiche of pop." The Tampa Tribune deemed the album "a montage of silly love songs, jazz fusion, guitar-distortion noise and snippets of a taped correspondence."

## Track listing

* Test (Julian Koster) :40
* All Jets Are Gonna Fall Today (Koster) – 3:14
* Doogie Love Theme/Wysotsky's Tea (Koster) – 2:25
* My Little Two Eyes (Koster) – 3:04
* 100 Feet Tall (Koster) – 2:36
* The Feelies Show (Eric Morrison) – 3:02
* Skyphilis/Air Raid (Koster) – 3:46
* The Shower Song (Koster) – 3:57
* Wash My Face (Koster) – 4:32
* Two Dogs (Koster) – 1:58
* Vocal Exercise No. 1 (Koster) :32
* The Crashing Song (Koster) – 2:33
* Luniks Furniture (Koster) – 2:39
* Kriss Ford (Koster) – 2:43
* Kathy (Koster) – 1:38
* Nervous Aged Catalunian (Koster) – 3:07
* Loud (Koster) – 4:22
* Smile (Koster) – 3:27
* She's an Aeroplane (Koster) – 4:21

## Personnel

* Julian Koster - vocals, guitar, bass
* Liza Wakeman - violin
# All Day and All of the Night Remixes

All Day And All Of The Night Remixes is a 2005 EP released by Norwegian electronic band Flunk on Kriztal Entertainment. The title track is a cover of The Kinks' track "All Day And All Of The Night".

## Track listing

* "All Day And All Of The Night" (Original)
* "I've Been Waiting All My Life To Leave You" (Elektrofant DX-7 Remix)
* "Play" (Athome Project Remix)
* "Play" (Slowpho Remix)
* "All Day And All Of The Night" (Tronso & Nils Noa Remix)
* "Morning Star" (Parliavox Remix)
* "All Day And All Of The Night" (Tronso & Nils Noa Remix) - Radio Edit
# Alive in the House of Saints

Alive in the House of Saints is a live album by pianist Myra Melford's Trio which was recorded in Germany in 1993 and released on the HatART label. The album was originally released as a single CD in 1993 then as an expanded double CD in 2001 and as two separate volumes in 2017/18

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| All About Jazz | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
The Allmusic review by Thom Jurek stated "This live date from 1993 from Myra Melford's piano trio is among her most remarkable recordings. ... While this live set may not be as avant-guard [sic] as her studio work, it is far more satisfying; it showcases what a fine composer and pianist Melford is, and how telepathic this trio is".
On All About Jazz, John Sharpe observed "While the trio recognizably inhabits the tradition, Melford extends and subverts the genre through her adventurous compositions in a foretaste of what was to come with her bands such as Same River Twice, Be Bread and Snowy Egret. She also distinguishes herself through a notable rhythmic impulse, blues-tinged extemporizations and the capacity to take matters outside. Horner provides a solid foundation, holding down vamps in a way that they don't overstay their welcome, and proposing a pulse-based lyricism when in the spotlight"

## Track listing

All compositions by Myra Melford
Part 1:
* "Evening Might Still" – 11:16
* "Now & Now 1" – 6:50 Additional track not on original release
* "Between Now & Then" – 15:54 Additional track not on original release
* "Parts I & II Frank Lloyd Wright Goes West to Rest" – 18:50
Part 2:
* "Breaking Light" – 8:57
* "Some Kind of Blues" – 9:40 Additional track not on original release
* "That the Peace" – 10:44
* "And Silence" – 12:11
* "Now & Now 2" – 6:53 Additional track not on original release
* "Live Jump" – 12:19

## Personnel

* Myra Melford – piano
* Lindsey Horner – double bass
* Reggie Nicholson – drums
# Alive on Planet Earth

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Alive on Planet Earth is the first live album by the progressive rock band The Flower Kings. It was released in double-CD format in 2000.

## Track listing

All songs by Roine Stolt except where noted.

### Disc One

* "There Is More to This World" – 11:31
* "Church of Your Heart" – 9:41
* "The Judas Kiss" – 15:43
* "Nothing New Under the Sun" – 4:13
* "The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway" (Genesis cover) (Tony Banks, Phil Collins, Peter Gabriel, Steve Hackett, Mike Rutherford) – 9:17

### Disc Two

* "Big Puzzle" – 18:28
* "The Sounds Of Violence" – 6:38
* "Three Stories" (Tomas Bodin) – 6:05
* "In The Eyes Of The World" – 12:07
* "The Flower King" – 11:26
* "Stardust We Are, Pt. 3" – 9:45
Disc one was recorded at ProgDay in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA, on 6 September 1998, and at D'Auteuil in Quebec City, Canada, on 11–12 September 1998, with Robert Engstrand on keyboards. Disc two was recorded at On Air West in Tokyo, Japan, on 15–16 March 1999, and Club Quatro, Osaka, Japan, on 18 March 1999, with Tomas Bodin on keyboards.

## Personnel

* Tomas Bodin – keyboards
* Robert Engstrand – keyboards
* Hasse Fröberg – acoustic guitar, electric guitar, slide guitar, vocals
* Jaime Salazar – drums, snare drums, percussion, vocals
* Michael Stolt – bass guitar, synthesizer bass, vocals
* Roine Stolt – guitar, photography, vocals

### Production

* Don Bridges – photography
* Florent Cuaz – photography
* Stephen Geysens – engineer
* Noriya Maekawa – engineer
* David Palermo – artwork
* Atsushi Sofuni – photography
# Allan Coombs

Allan George St Claver Coombs (August 1901 – 15 July 1969) was a Jamaican trade unionist.
Coombs was born in the Parish of St. Ann, Jamaica in 1901. He described himself as "a peasant of low birth, very limited education and a very poor man". He served first in the Jamaica Constabulary Force, which he was rumoured to have left after defeating a white police officer in a fight. He then joined The West India Regiment where he rose to the rank of Lance Corporal before he left in 1927. However, it was as a contractor in the Public Works Department that this powerfully built and charismatic figure became involved in the early national movement and the organization of labor.
Coombs together with Hugh Clifford Buchanan, a mason by trade, founded the Jamaica Workers and Tradesmen's Union (JWTU) on May 17, 1936. Coombs described the very modest circumstances in which he and Buchanan started the JWTU. "On the 17th day of May, 1936, I contracted six labourers in the Kingston Race Course and they pledged themselves to be members of the society, which they asked me to find a suitable name for". He could hardly have known that within a year this organization would attract island wide support and lay the foundations for what would emerge from the labor rebellion of 1938.The first phase of organizational effort climaxed in October with the JWTU participating in a labor conference at Liberty Hall along with members of the UNIA, the ex-servicemen and the Masons' Co-operative Union. Finally, on December 30, Coombs and his union felt confident enough to challenge the colonial administration by staging a march of the unemployed. After disregarding the advice of the Deputy Mayor to turn back, the marchers were charged by the police. A description of this event was provided by Coombs in his memorandum to the Moyne Commission:"The people, all unarmed, were only carrying flags and banners bearing the words 'Starvation, Nakedness, Shelterless'. The Union Jack was torn in pieces? while the poor and unfortunate people received their floggings which necessitated many going to the hospital for treatment." Coombs responded by threatening a larger demonstration, and, more importantly, called on progressive persons island-wide to become representatives of his organization.
Coombs later joined the People's National Party. He was elected in North West St James, and was appointed as Minister of Communications and Works in Norman Manley's government, prior to the country's independence. He died in 1969. In 2013,
# All Saints' Church, Small Heath (II)

All Saints’ Church, Small Heath is a Grade II* listed parish church in the Church of England in Birmingham, which until 1998 was known as St Aidan's Church, Small Heath.

## History

The church was designed by the architect Thomas Frederick Proud.
The foundation stone was laid on 2 September 1893 by Lady Mary Wood. The first portion of the church opened on Sunday 2 September 1894.
It was consecrated as St Aidan's by the Bishop of Worcester on Wednesday 14 October 1896. The font came from St Stephen's Church, Bristol. A parish was assigned out of All Saints’ Church, Small Heath in 1897.
During the 1990s a protracted re-organisation was undertaken, and four churches in Small Heath (St Aidan's, St Gregory's, St Andrew's and St Oswald's) were amalgamated. The new parish decided to retain only St Aidan's Church building, and in 1998 this was renamed All Saints, taking the dedication from a previous church All Saints' Church, Small Heath (I).

## Organ

An organ dating from 1871 by Taylor of Leicester was installed in 1999. A specification of the organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register. The instrument was removed from the church in 2012 and moved to Holy Trinity, Sutton in Somerset. The blower was not moved with the organ, but was donated to the Leicester Museum service who wished to maintain what was an outstanding example of Taylor's work.
# Allen Scotting

Allen Scotting (born 22 April 1966) is an English former professional footballer who played as a left back and midfielder.

## Career

Born in Dartford, Scotting played youth football with Arsenal and Charlton Athletic. He signed for Gillingham in April 1983 and turned professional in February 1984. He made his senior debut later that month, in the Associate Members' Cup. He made his league debut in April 1984. He made a total of two Football League appearances for Gillingham in 1984, and three appearances for the club in all competitions. He later played non-league football for Bromley (three spells), Maidstone United, Fisher Athletic, Margate, Erith & Belvedere (two spells) and Phoenix Sports.
# Allan Trewby

Vice Admiral Sir (George Francis) Allan Trewby KCB (8 July 1917 – 23 July 2001) was a Royal Navy officer who ended his career as Chief of Fleet Support.

## Naval career

Born the eldest son of Vice Admiral George Trewby and educated at the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, Trewby joined the Royal Navy as a cadet in 1931 and chose to specialize in engineering. He served in World War II on the battleship HMS Nelson which was damaged by a German mine, on the battleship HMS Duke of York during the Allied landings in North Africa and on the cruiser HMS Dido during the Allied landings in Sicily, Italy, and the south of France. He was mentioned in dispatches for his service on HMS Dido.
In 1954 was the winner of the Akroyd Stuart Award from the Institute of Marine Engineering. After serving at sea during the Suez Crisis in 1956, he was appointed Director of Engineering at the Royal Naval Engineering College. He was appointed Commander of the training establishment HMS Sultan in 1963 and Captain of HM Naval Base Portland in 1966. Promoted Rear Admiral in 1968, he became Assistant Controller for the Polaris Programme at the Ministry of Defence in 1968, and following promotion to vice admiral, was made Chief of Fleet Support in 1971; he retired in 1974.
In retirement Trewby joined Foster Wheeler in Reading.

## Family

In 1942 he married Sandra Stedham; they had two sons. Lady Treby died in 2017.
# Alisma triviale

Alisma triviale, the northern water plantain, is a perennial semi-aquatic or aquatic plant in the water-plantain family (Alismataceae).

## Description

It is a perennial herb that ranges in height from 1-3 ft. Each plant has long-petioled, lanceolate and linear leaves that grow in a clump. A flowering stem rises between them. The flowers have 3 green sepals and 3 white or pink-tinged petals.

## Distribution and habitat

The plant is native to Canada (including the Northwest Territories), the United States (including Alaska), and Northern Mexico.
It grows in shallow water or mud.
# Alismereti

Alismereti (Georgian: ალისმერეთი) is a village in Nergeeti Community, Baghdati Municipality of Imereti region, Georgia. It is located North to Meskheti Range, on the right bank of Khanistskali River, 600 meters above sea level. It is located 15 km (9.3 mi) from the town of Baghdati.

## Demographics

According to 2014 general census Alismereti has a population of 5.
| Census date | Population | Male | Female |
| 2002 | 31 | 13 | 18 |
| 2014 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
# All Africa Challenge Trophy

The All Africa Challenge Trophy (abbreviated as AACT) is a biennial continental ladies golf championship in Africa that had its inaugural edition in May 1992.

## History

The idea of the tournament was mooted by Tessa Covell, who was then President of the Zambia Ladies' Golf Union with the reasoning that "none of the African countries were realistically able to compete in the World Championships, the Espirito Santo – their golfing standards simply needed a home grown training ground, rotating within the geographical area".
The inaugural edition was held in 1992 in Zimbabwe.

## Format and timeline

Initially it was proposed as a biennial event.
Each participating country is represented by three players and a non-playing captain. Using Eisenhower scoring, the best two scores per round count towards the daily team score in the 54-hole stroke play format.

## Hosts and national team winners

| Year | Host country | Host course | Host union | Dates | Winner |
| 1992 | Zimbabwe | Chapman Golf Club, Harare | Zimbabwe Golf Ladies' Union | | South Africa |
| 1994 | Kenya | Muthaiga Golf Club, Nairobi | Kenya Golf Ladies' Union | | South Africa |
| 1996 | Nigeria | Ikoyi Club, Lagos | Ladies Golf Association of Nigeria | | South Africa |
| 1998 | South Africa | Rand Park Club in Johannesburg | Women's' Golf South Africa | | South Africa |
| 2000 | Uganda | Kitante Golf Course, Kampala | Uganda Ladies Golf Union | | South Africa |
| 2002 | Cote d’Ivoire | Ivoire Golf Club, Abidjan | Côte d'Ivoire Golf Federation | | South Africa |
| 2004 | Namibia | Windhoek Golf & Country Club, Windhoek | Namibia Ladies Golf Federation | | South Africa |
| 2006 | Zambia | Lusaka Golf Course, Lusaka | Zambia Ladies Golf Union | 3–7 Jun | Egypt |
| 2008 | Egypt | Katamaya Heights Golf & Tennis Resort, Cairo | Egypt Golf Federation | 26–31 Aug | South Africa |
| 2010 | Nigeria | IBB International Golf & Country Club, Abuja | Ladies Golf Association of Nigeria |
| 2012 | Botswana | Phakalane Golf Estate, Gaborone | Botswana Ladies' Golf Union |
| 2014 | Kenya | Muthaiga Golf Club, Nairobi | Kenya Ladies Golf Union | 10–12 Jun | South Africa |
| 2016 | Tunisia | Citrus Golf Course, Hammamet | Golf Tunisia Ladies |
| 2018 | Ghana | Achimota Golf Club, Accra | Ghana Ladies' Golf Union | 26–31 Aug | South Africa |
| 2020 | Namibia | Rossmund Golf Club, Swakopmund | Namibia Golf Federation | 30 Mar – 4 Apr | TBD |
Source:

## Individual winners

| Year | Winner | Country represented |
| 1992 | Gill Tebbutt | South Africa |
| 1994 | Wendy Warrington | South Africa |
| 1996 | Michelle Burmester | Zimbabwe |
| 1998 | Joanne Norton | South Africa |
| 2000 | Natu Soro$^1$ | Ivory Coast |
| 2002 | Rose Naliaka | Kenya |
| 2004 | Lumien Lausberg | South Africa |
| 2006 | Naella El Attar | Egypt |
| 2008 | Monique Smit | South Africa |
| 2010 | Henriette Frylink | South Africa |
| 2012 | Kim Williams | South Africa |
| 2014 | Michaela Fletcher | South Africa |
| 2016 | Ivanna Samu | South Africa |
| 2018 | Madina Hussein | Tanzania |
$^1$ Defeated Norah Mbabazi in a playoff
Source:
# Alison baronets

There has been one Alison Baronetcy.

## Alison of Possil House, Devon

* Sir Archibald Alison, 1st Baronet (1792–1867)
* Sir Archibald Alison, 2nd Baronet (1826–1907)
* Sir Archibald Alison, 3rd Baronet (1862–1921)
* Sir Archibald Alison, 4th Baronet (1888–1967)
* Sir Frederick Black Alison, 5th Baronet (1893–1970)

## Sources

* ↑ "No. 21327". The London Gazette. 11 June 1852. p. 1648.
* 1 2 Burke, Bernard (1903). Ashworth P. Burke (ed.). A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, the Privy Council, Knightage and Companionage (65th ed.). London: Harrison and Sons. p. 32.
* This page incorporates information from Leigh Rayment's Baronetage Page which has further dates on it, not shown above.
* This biography of a baronet in the baronetage of the United Kingdom is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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