OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1858 in Ireland

Events from the year 1858 in Ireland.

## Events

* 17 March – In Dublin, James Stephens founds the revolutionary organisation which becomes known as the Irish Republican Brotherhood.
* Edward Harland, at this time general manager, buys the small shipyard on Queen's Island, Belfast, from his employer Robert Hickson in conjunction with Gustav Wilhelm Wolff.
* Ballinacourty lighthouse at Dungarvan harbour built.

## Arts and literature

* First free public library in Ireland opens in Dundalk.

## Births

* 11 January – Mildred Anne Butler, painter (died 1941).
* 13 February – James Murray Irwin, British Army doctor (died 1938).
* 6 March – Coslett Herbert Waddell, priest and botanist (died 1919).
* 11 March – Tom Clarke, republican (born in England; executed 1916).
* 2 May – Edith Anna Somerville, novelist (died 1949).
* 19 May – Mike Cleary, boxer (died 1893).
* 5 October – Thomas Cusack, Democrat U.S. Representative from Illinois (died 1926).

### Full date unknown

*   * Anne Marjorie Robinson, artist (died 1924).

## Deaths

* 4 March – John Ryan, soldier, recipient of the Victoria Cross for gallantry in 1857 at Lucknow, India, killed in action (born 1823).
* 26 April – Francis Murphy, first Roman Catholic bishop of Adelaide, South Australia (born 1795).
* 22 July – Mary Aikenhead, founder of the Sisters of Charity (born 1787).
* 28 July – Alexander Wright, soldier, recipient of the Victoria Cross for gallantry in 1855 at Sebastopol, in the Crimea (born 1826).
* 17 August – Robert Cane, doctor, member of the Repeal Association and the Irish Confederation, Mayor of Kilkenny (born 1807).

### Full date unknown

*   * John Hogan, sculptor (born 1800).
*   * Benjamin Lett, bomber and arsonist in America and Canada (born 1813).
*   * James Roche Verling, British Army surgeon, became personal surgeon to Napoleon Bonaparte on St Helena (born 1787).
# Hamidiye, Pozantı

Hamidiye is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Pozantı, Adana Province, Turkey. Its population is 823 (2022).
# 2019–20 First Football League of Kosovo

The 2019–20 First Football League of Kosovo season is the 21st season of second-tier football in Kosovo. The season began on 23 August 2019. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the league was suspended on 9 March 2020. On 27 May 2020 the league was cancelled by the FFK with no relegated teams and Besa Peje and Arberia are promoted to the Superliga.

## Team changes

The following teams have changed division since the 2018–19 season.

### To First League

Promoted from Second Football League of Kosovo
* Dardana
* Malisheva
* Ulpiana
Relegated from Football Superleague of Kosovo
* Liria
* Trepca

### From First League

Promoted to Football Superleague of Kosovo
* Dukagjini
* Vushtrria
Relegated to Second Football League of Kosovo
* Bashkimi Koretin
* Fushë Kosova
* Kika

## Stadiums

| Club | Location | Stadium | Capacity |
| 2 Korriku | Pristina | Fusha Sportive 2 Korriku | 1,000 |
| Arbëria | Lipljan | Sami Kelmendi Stadium | 3,200 |
| Besa | Peć | Shahin Haxhiislami Stadium | 8,500 |
| Dardana | Kamenicë | Agush Isufi Stadium | 1,500 |
| Drenasi | Glogovac | Rexhep Rexhepi Stadium | 6,000 |
| Istogu | Istok | Demush Mavraj Stadium | 1,000 |
| KEK | Obilić | Agron Rama Stadium | 5,000 |
| Liria | Prizren | Përparim Thaçi Stadium | 10,000 |
| Malisheva | Mališevo | Liman Gegaj Stadium | 1,800 |
| Onix | Pećka Banja | Onix Banjë Stadium | 1,500 |
| Ramiz Sadiku | Pristina | Ramiz Sadiku Stadium | 5,000 |
| Trepça | Mitrovica | Adem Jashari Olympic Stadium | 18,500 |
| Ulpiana | Lipljan | Sami Kelmendi Stadium | 3,200 |
| Vëllaznimi | Gjakova | Gjakova City Stadium | 6,000 |
| Vitia | Vitina | Vitia City Stadium | 1,000 |
| Vllaznia | Požaranje | Ibrahim Kurteshi Stadium | 1,000 |

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 1 | Besa (C, P) | 20 | 12 | 4 | 4 | 29 | 11 | +18 | 40 | Promotion to the 2020–21 Football Superleague of Kosovo |
| 2 | Arbëria (P) | 20 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 34 | 26 | +8 | 36 | Promotion to the 2020–21 Football Superleague of Kosovo |
| 3 | Liria | 20 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 23 | 15 | +8 | 31 | |
| 4 | Istogu | 20 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 22 | 18 | +4 | 31 | |
| 5 | Drenasi | 20 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 25 | 18 | +7 | 30 | |
| 6 | 2 Korriku | 20 | 9 | 3 | 8 | 31 | 26 | +5 | 30 | |
| 7 | Malisheva | 20 | 9 | 3 | 8 | 23 | 18 | +5 | 30 | |
| 8 | Dardana | 20 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 22 | 23 | −1 | 30 | |
| 9 | Onix | 20 | 8 | 5 | 7 | 25 | 16 | +9 | 29 | |
| 10 | KEK | 20 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 23 | 19 | +4 | 28 | |
| 11 | Trepça | 20 | 6 | 5 | 9 | 25 | 35 | −10 | 23 | |
| 12 | Ulpiana | 20 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 22 | 26 | −4 | 22 | |
| 13 | Vllaznia Pozheran | 20 | 6 | 3 | 11 | 27 | 42 | −15 | 21 | |
| 14 | Ramiz Sadiku | 20 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 22 | 29 | −7 | 20 | |
| 15 | Vitia | 20 | 3 | 8 | 9 | 20 | 33 | −13 | 17 | |
| 16 | Vëllaznimi | 20 | 3 | 8 | 9 | 20 | 38 | −18 | 17 | |
* ↑ Besa deducted three points for unpaid player wages. On 21 February 2020, the FFK revoked the point deduction of Besa
# 11 (song)

"11" is a song by American singer-songwriter Cassadee Pope from her debut solo album, Frame by Frame (2013). Pope co-wrote the song, which tells the story of her parents' divorce, with Nathan Chapman, while the production was handled by Dann Huff.

## Background and release

"11" was released onto iTunes on August 27, 2013 as the second of four promotional countdown singles leading up to the album's release. A music video featuring childhood photos and clips of home videos from her family was posted on Pope's YouTube channel August 28 and on her VEVO channel on September 12, 2013.
Upon release, the song was met with generally positive reviews from music critics. It debuted at #38 on the Hot Country Songs chart, the highest debut of the promotional tracks.

## Chart performance

| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 38 |
| US Country Digital Songs (Billboard) | 19 |
# Ecuador at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships

Ecuador competed at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships in Shanghai, China between July 16 and 31, 2011.

## Open water swimming
### Men

| Athlete | Event | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Position |
| Ivan Enderica | Men's 5km | 56:35.3 | 19 |
| Ivan Enderica | Men's 10km | 1:55:51.9 | 31 |
| Santiago Enderica | Men's 5km | 59:52.0 | 33 |
| Santiago Enderica | Men's 10km | DNF | DNF |

### Women

| Athlete | Event | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Position |
| Katia Barros | Women's 5km | 1:02:19.7 | 30 |
| Katia Barros | Women's 10km | 2:16:45.7 | 46 |
| Nataly Caldas | Women's 5km | 1:04:40.7 | 32 |
| Nataly Caldas | Women's 10km | 2:07:04.9 | 34 |

## Swimming

Ecuador qualified 2 swimmers.

### Men

| Athlete | Event | Heats | Heats | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Esteban Enderica | Men's 800m Freestyle | 8:17.22 | 38 | | | did not advance | did not advance |
| Esteban Enderica | Men's 1500m Freestyle | 15:56.30 | 25 | | | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

### Women

| Athlete | Event | Heats | Heats | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Samantha Arevalo | Women's 400m Freestyle | 4:21.84 | 29 | | | did not advance | did not advance |
| Samantha Arevalo | Women's 800m Freestyle | 9:00.96 | 28 | | | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Samantha Arevalo | Women's 200m IM | 2:22.39 | 33 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Samantha Arevalo | Women's 400m IM | 4:58.87 | 31 | | | did not advance | did not advance |
# AI Foundation

AI Foundation is an American artificial intelligence company. It is based in San Francisco and Las Vegas.

## History

Lars Buttler and Rob Meadows founded the AI Foundation, which creates intelligent agents that can be trained. The company was created in 2017 and had been operating in stealth mode until September 2018, when it was unveiled to the public for the first time.
AI Foundation is funded by Founders Fund, You & Mr Jones, Endeavor and Twitter co-founder Biz Stone.
At the One Young World conference started by David Jones, founder of You & Mr. Jones, Biz Stone and AI Foundation unveiled several prototypes such as a digital clone of Richard Branson.
On the Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon, Deepak Chopra showed off his digital AI version of himself, developed the AI Foundation, which took Jimmy Fallon and the audience through a guided meditation. Deepak's AI was aptly called Digital Deepak and "will offer you advice whenever you need it" according to CNBC.
The first product AI Foundation released was called Reality Defender.
# Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology

Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. The journal publishes original research examining fundamental questions about how the ecological environment and/or evolutionary history interact with physiological function, as well as the ways physiology may constrain behavior. For EEP, physiology denotes the study of function in the broadest sense, across levels of organization from molecules to morphology to organismal performance and on behavior and life history traits.
Subdisciplines and topics covered by the journal include comparative physiology, biomechanics and functional morphology, behavioral endocrinology, ecoimmunology, ecotoxicology, ecomorphology, phenotypic plasticity, energetics, allometry and scaling, animal locomotion and muscle function, physiological foundations of behavior, physiological genetics and genomics, individual variation, cardiovascular physiology, sensory physiology, nutrition and digestion, growth and development, osmoregulation, epithelial and membrane transport, gas exchange and transport, acid-base homeostasis, thermoregulation, temperature responses and adaptation, structure and function of macromolecules, neuro-endocrine physiology and signal transduction, nitrogen metabolism and excretion.
The journal has published a number of Focused Collections based on calls for papers or conference symposia. Examples include Conservation Physiology, Ecoimmunology, Early-Life Effects on the Adult Phenotype, Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, and Trade-Offs in Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology.
The current editor-in-chief is Theodore Garland, Jr. (University of California, Riverside). Previous Editors include Charles Manning Child, Warder Clyde Allee, Clifford Ladd Prosser, Warren W. Burggren, James Hicks, Patricia Schulte, and Kathleen M Gilmour.
The journal was established in 1928 as Physiological Zoology, and the name was changed to Physiological and Biochemical Zoology in 1999. In 2024, beginning with Volume 97, the journal was renamed again to Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology.
# Edlira Dedja

Edlira Dedja Bytyçi is an Albanian pianist, art critic, municipal councilor, and creator and leader of the cultural foundation Opera sans frontieres (Opera without borders) in the capital of the Swiss canton of Neuchâtel on Lake Neuchâtel.
She is a descendant of the academic and writer Bedri Dedja. Her work has included promoting opera artists including Saimir Pirgu and Ermonela Jaho, and has organised international charity concerts for the benefit of children with mental health problems. She has also worked with the Swiss organisation ASED - Action for the Support of Deprived Children, to create specialized centers of free services of support in Berat and other cities of Albania.
# Eastern Sambo

Eastern Sambo is a coral reef located within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. It lies to the south of Boca Chica Key. It is designated "Research Only".
# Ebang

Ebang may be,
* Ebang language
* Ebang Palace

## People

* Marcellin Mve Ebang
* Didier Ovono Ebang
* Eric Ebang Zué
# Edgar Ross (communist)

Edgar Argent Ross (20 November 1904 – 16 November 2001) was an Australian journalist, trade unionist and communist organiser.
Ross was born in Brisbane to Bob and Ethel Ross, who were based in Broken Hill. Bob Ross, a newspaper editor, was also a foundation member of the Socialist League and the Social Democratic Vanguard, which influenced young Edgar's political development. The family later moved to Melbourne and, briefly, New Zealand, but Edgar attended University High School in Melbourne before becoming a cadet journalist in 1922, joining the Australian Journalists' Association. He was a sporting editor for the Geelong-based Industrial Advocate and wrote book reviews for the Socialist, both of which were edited by his father. By 1925 he was a subeditor with the Barrier Daily Truth, the newspaper of the Workers Industrial Union of Australia. Around this time he joined the Australian Labor Party and developed a close, sometimes prickly rapport with Ernest Wetherell, editor of the Truth. In the late 1920s he supported Wetherell and union leader Dick Quintrell against an attempted coup by racial exclusionist Richard Gully. Ross was soon president of the local Militant Minority Movement, and he joined the Communist Party of Australia (CPA) in 1933, which brought with it active membership in the Movement Against War and Fascism. Around this time he married Patricia Josephine McLauchlan.
In 1935 Ross became editor of the Miners' Federation journal, the Common Cause, in which role he would continue until 1966. He vigorously supported the successful campaign for the forty-hour week and was a mining group representative on the New South Wales Labor Council Executive from 1936 to 1966. From 1939 to 1940 he was the lead writer in the Labor Daily/Daily News, and while the Communist Party was banned in the early 1940s he was a member of the State Labor Party. The SLP amalgamated with the Communist Party in 1944 and Ross was confirmed as a member of the CPA's central committee.
In September 1948 Ross participated in a public debate with Fr P. J. Ryan of the Catholic Social Studies Movement on the nature of communism, attracting an audience of 30,000. He supported the 1949 coalminers' strike, and in 1951 headed the New South Wales Senate ticket for the party. He visited the Soviet Union and China in 1955 and was the Australian delegate to the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1961. A Soviet loyalist, he rejected the CPA leadership's reforms in the late 1960s and early 1970s and was expelled from the party, joining the new Socialist Party of Australia. He was the Moscow correspondent for the party's newspaper, the Socialist. Ross also published several works of labour history, including The Russian Revolution: Its Impact on Australia (1967), A History of the Miners' Federation of Australia (1970), Of Storm and Struggle (1982), and These Things Shall Be! Bob Ross, Socialist Pioneer: His Life and Times (1988).
# A Room for London

A Room for London was a temporary structure located on the roof of the Queen Elizabeth Hall on London's South Bank. The structure, designed by architect David Kohn is described as "a one-bedroom installation" and is shaped to appear like a boat perched on top of a building.
The structure was put in place in 2012 and acted as a "single-room, boat-shaped hotel", available to be booked for single-night residencies. It was closed in mid 2016.
A Room for London is one of a number of projects by Living Architecture, a not-for-profit holiday home rental company founded by philosopher and writer Alain de Botton.

## Gallery

* View of the inside
* Rear view
* View out the porthole looking west
# Edmund Chilmead

Edmund Chilmead (1610 – 19 February 1654) was an English writer and translator, who produced both scholarly works and hack-writing. He is also known as a musician.

## Life

He was born in 1610 at Stow-on-the-Wold, Gloucestershire. He studied at Magdalen College, Oxford, where he graduated M.A. in 1631. He became a chaplain (canon) of Christ Church, Oxford, in 1632, from where he was ejected in 1648.
Chilmead died on 19 February 1653-4 in London, and was buried in the churchyard of St Botolph's Aldersgate.

## Works

He produced the editio princeps of the Chronographia of Malalas. He translated:
* Robert Hues's Tractatus de globis (A Learned Treatise of Globes, 1639)
* the De Monarchia Hispanica of Tommaso Campanella (Discourse Touching the Spanish Monarchy, 1654)
* Jacques Ferrand on 'erotic melancholy',
* the Riti Ebraici of Leon of Modena (The history of the rites, customes, and manner of life, of the present Jews, throughout the world, 1650)
* the Curiositez of Jacques Gaffarel, (Unheard-of Curiosities Concerning the Talismanical Sculpture of the Persians, 1650)
and other works. He produced a catalogue of the Greek manuscripts in the Bodleian Library. He was a clerical defender of astrology, in his translation of Gaffarel.
Anthony Wood described him as "a choice mathematician, a noted critic, and one that understood several tongues, especially the Greek, very well" (Wood, Ath. Oxon., 3.350–51)
# Edinburgh Youth Choir

The Edinburgh Youth Choir or eyc is a choir based in Edinburgh, Scotland and intended for members aged between 14 and 24.
The choir was established by Jane Kirk and Dorcas Owen in 2000 as the junior choir of the Edinburgh Royal Choral Union, with the principal aim of providing vocal training through a variety of musical styles.
The choir rehearses at Augustine United Church on George IV Bridge. The current musical director is James Slimings, who replaced Wayne Weaver at the start of the 2014–15 season. Accompanist Joanna Stewart has been with eyc since 2003.
The choir performs regularly throughout the year. Annual events include a spring concert at Edinburgh's Canongate Kirk, Christmas with the Choral and performances at the Scottish National Portrait Gallery and National Museum of Scotland.
Other projects have included joint concerts with ERCU at St Cuthbert's Church and the McEwan Hall, the World premiere of Shadow Aspect by Judith Bingham and a recording for BBC Radio 2's Sunday Half Hour.
# A Song for the Dark Times

A Song for the Dark Times is the 23rd installment in the Inspector Rebus series written by Ian Rankin. The phrase "dark times" was meant to refer to the era of Brexit, autocratic leaders, and so on, as of 2019, but the book was published in 2020, in a period of COVID-19 lockdowns. The title is from one of the book’s epigraphs, Bertolt Brecht on “singing in/about the dark times”; also, “Songs for the Dark Times” is the title Siobhan Clarke gives to a CD compilation she has burned for John Rebus, which he plays while driving north in his car.

## Plot

In a Prologue, Rebus moves down two flights of stairs to the ground-floor flat in the same Arden Street tenement, with a lot of help from Siobhan Clarke. His first morning in the new flat, he gets a call from his daughter Samantha saying her partner, Keith, is missing.
Rebus immediately makes the long drive to the (fictional) village of Naver near Tongue in the extreme north of Scotland. He finds Keith’s body. In trying to discover why he was murdered, he gets to know his granddaughter’s father for the first time; Keith had been obsessed with the history of a nearby World War II prison camp, some of whose survivors settled locally and are still alive. The local police see Samantha as the obvious suspect in Keith’s murder. While Rebus can’t help considering this possibility, he frantically researches other options. Samantha is devastated and blames it all on him.
In Edinburgh, Siobhan Clarke and Malcolm Fox are part of the Murder Inquiry Team looking into the mysterious killing of a Saudi student. This takes them into the world of wealthy international socialites and their financial projects. The dead man’s closest friend was a young Scottish aristocrat whose family trust owns most of the area around Tongue, so Rebus’s investigations overlap with Siobhan’s.
The gangster ‘Big Ger’ Cafferty is the fourth major point-of-view character. He now runs an exclusive club where he films the guests to obtain blackmail material, and he involves Fox in one of his blackmail projects. Though Fox plays along, Cafferty’s attempt to control him and his Police Scotland boss ultimately fails. At the end of the novel, a young thug with a gun is on his way to see Cafferty, without warning.

## Reception

Reviewers expressed strong but sometimes qualified enthusiasm for the book. Stuart Kelly, in The Scotsman, commented: “But piecing [the solutions] together balances readerly patience with the impetus of the plot” and “ There is a general feeling that everything is going to hell in a handcart” without any bright notes except Rebus’s sheer ability to survive. The Guardian noted the publication only in a roundup of thrillers, praising it (like Kelly) primarily for keeping Rebus going. On the other hand, a similarly brief review by Mark Sanderson in The Times ends with the declaration, “Only great novels capture the spirit of the age. This is one of them.” This may express what the other reviewers are getting at—that Rebus's jaundiced view of the world is just what is needed now.
# Edmund Craigie

Edmund Warren Craigie (8 May 1842 — 8 June 1907) was an English first-class cricketer and barrister.
The son of John Adair Craigie of the Bengal Civil Service, he was born in British India at Gorakhpur. He was educated in England at Harrow School. Craigie joined the British Army in September 1861, when he purchased the rank of cornet in the 2nd Dragoon Guards. He purchased the rank of lieutenant in December 1864, before retiring from active service in May 1870. Craigie became a student at the Inner Temple in April 1870, and in August of the same year he made a single appearance in first-class cricket for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) against Gloucestershire at Lord's. Batting twice in the match, he was dismissed without scoring in the MCC first innings by Robert Miles, while in their second innings following-on he was dismissed by W. G. Grace for the same score. He was called to the bar to practice as a barrister in January 1873. Craigie died at his residence at Putney in June 1907.
His daughter Violet Mary was the first wife of Oscar Wilde's son Vyvyan Holland.