OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2007–08 UAE Football League

Statistics of UAE Football League for the 2007–08 season.

## Overview

It was contested by 12 teams, and Al-Shabab (United Arab Emirates) won the championship.

## Foreign players

| Club | Player 1 | Player 2 | Player 3 | Player 4 | Former players |
| Al-Ahli | Jorge Artigas | Clederson | Marcos Assunção | Milad Meydavoudi | |
| Al-Ain | Pedrinho | Ousman Jallow | Nashat Akram | Soufiane Alloudi | Obiora Odita |
| Al-Dhafra | Abdul Nafiu Idrissu | Siavash Akbarpour | Amin Erbati | | Róbert Waltner |
| Al-Jazira | António Lebo Lebo | Antonin Koutouan | Mamadou Diallo | Phillip Cocu | Bonaventure Kalou |
| Al-Nasr | Luiz Carlos | Renato Abreu | | | Roger Kandia Traoré Mickaël Dogbé |
| Al-Shaab | Ali Samereh | Mehrzad Madanchi | | | Maysam Baou |
| Al-Shabab | David Ferreira | Iman Mobali | Javad Kazemian | Mehrdad Oladi | Adel Chedli |
| Al-Wahda | Leonardo Silva | Pinga | Sidney Moraes | Nadir Lamyaghri | Alecsandro Josiel Réver Ahmad Sharbini |
| Al-Wasl | Alexandre Oliveira | Rogerinho | Weslley | Mohammed Salem Al-Enazi | André Dias |
| Emirates | Everton Izidoro | Mehdi Rajabzadeh | Rasoul Khatibi | Reza Enayati | Oleksandr Grebenozhko |
| Hatta | Diego Perão | Ilongo Ngasanya | Hassan Ahamada | | |
| Sharjah | Anderson Barbosa | Franck Ongfiang | Masoud Shojaei | Qusay Munir | |

## League standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Al Shabab | 22 | 12 | 6 | 4 | 44 | 30 | +14 | 42 |
| 2 | Al Jazira | 22 | 11 | 6 | 5 | 46 | 31 | +15 | 39 |
| 3 | Al Ahli | 22 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 47 | 27 | +20 | 37 |
| 4 | Sharjah | 22 | 9 | 6 | 7 | 35 | 35 | 0 | 33 |
| 5 | Al Shaab | 22 | 9 | 6 | 7 | 39 | 44 | −5 | 33 |
| 6 | Al Ain | 22 | 9 | 5 | 8 | 41 | 36 | +5 | 32 |
| 7 | Al Wasl | 22 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 39 | 37 | +2 | 30 |
| 8 | Al Wahda | 22 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 42 | 42 | 0 | 30 |
| 9 | Al Nasr | 22 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 37 | 39 | −2 | 28 |
| 10 | Al Dhafra | 22 | 7 | 4 | 11 | 33 | 41 | −8 | 25 |
| 11 | Emirates | 22 | 3 | 7 | 12 | 36 | 54 | −18 | 16 |
| 12 | Hatta | 22 | 4 | 4 | 14 | 23 | 46 | −23 | 16 |

## Top goalscorers

Source: goalzz.com

### 16 goals

* Anderson Barbosa (Sharjah)
* Faisal Khalil (Al-Ahli)

### 15 goals

* Mehrzad Madanchi (Al-Shaab)

### 14 goals

* André Dias (Al Wasl)
* Rasoul Khatibi (Emirates Club)

### 12 goals

* Ali Samereh (Al-Shaab)
* Reza Enayati (Emirates Club)
* Antonin Koutouan (Al-Jazira)

### 11 goals

* Ousman Jallow (Al Ain)

### 10 goals

* Clederson (Al-Ahli)
* Renato Abreu (Al-Nasr)
# 2008 Cambodian League

Statistics of the Cambodian League for the 2008 season.

## Clubs

* Khemara Keila
* National Defense
* Phu Chung Neak
* Nagacorp FC
* Phnom Penh Empire (it was called Hello United)
* Post Tel Club
* Preah Khan Reach
* Build Bright United
* Moha Garuda
* Kirivong Sok Sen Chey

## League standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Phnom Penh Empire | 18 | 13 | 1 | 4 | 35 | 15 | +20 | 40 |
| 2 | National Defense | 18 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 35 | 21 | +14 | 34 |
| 3 | Nagacorp FC | 18 | 10 | 3 | 5 | 38 | 24 | +14 | 33 |
| 4 | Preah Khan Reach | 18 | 10 | 3 | 5 | 24 | 18 | +6 | 33 |
| 5 | Build Bright United | 18 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 31 | 20 | +11 | 32 |
| 6 | Khemara Keila | 18 | 7 | 2 | 9 | 29 | 26 | +3 | 23 |
| 7 | Kirivong Sok Sen Chey | 18 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 25 | 36 | −11 | 19 |
| 8 | Post Tel Club | 18 | 5 | 2 | 11 | 25 | 36 | −11 | 17 |
| 9 | Phu Chung Neak | 18 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 26 | 50 | −24 | 13 |
| 10 | Moha Garuda | 18 | 3 | 3 | 12 | 13 | 35 | −22 | 12 |
# Cotus

Cotus may refer to:

## Places

* Cotuș River, Transylvania, Romania; a tributary of the Mureș River
* Cotuș, Sângeorgiu de Mureș, Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania; a village

## People and characters

* Cotus (1st century BCE), a Romanized Celt, who lost the election to magistrate of the Haedui to Convictolitavis
* Cotus, a character from the Shakespeare play Coriolanus
* Cotus, a fictional character from the TV show The Tomorrow People; see List of The Tomorrow People serials

## Other uses

* United States Congress, the Congress of the United States (COTUS)
* United States Constitution, the Constitution of the United States (COTUS)
# 2009 IPC Swimming European Championships – Women's 100 metre butterfly

The women's 100 metre butterfly at the 2009 IPC Swimming European Championships was held at Laugardalslaug in Reykjavik from 18–24 October.

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Gold | Silver | Silver | Bronze | Bronze |
| S8 | Heather Frederiksen Great Britain | 1:16.33 | Anna Vengerovskaya Russia | 1:17.53 | Emma Hollis Great Britain | 1:24.37 |
| S9 | Stephanie Millward Great Britain | 1:10.78 | Sarai Gascon Moreno Spain | 1:10.8 | Elizabeth Simpkin United Kingdom | 1:13.58 |
| S10 | Elodie Lorandi France | 1:10.89 ER | Eleni Papadopoulos Great Britain | 1:13.82 | Anna Omielan Poland | 1:16.43 |
# Argos Municipal Stadium

Argos Municipal Stadium is a public multi-use stadium in Argos, Peloponnese, Greece.
It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Panargiakos.
The stadium currently has a seating capacity of 5,000.
# Alec Mango

Alec Mango (16 March 1911 – 7 November 1989) was an English actor. Best known for portraying El Supremo in the 1951 Captain Horatio Hornblower, he also appeared in South of Algiers (1953), The Strange World of Planet X (1958), The 7th Voyage of Sinbad (1958), Danger Man (1961), and Frankenstein Created Woman (1967). He also appeared in the TV series, The Adventures of Robin Hood. One of his last TV appearances was Channel 4's TV Movie The Gourmet as Rossi on 4th of January 1987.

## Partial filmography

* Fiddlers Three (1944) − Secretary (uncredited)
* Snowbound (1948) − Italian Girl's Boyfriend (uncredited)
* Captain Horatio Hornblower (1951) − El Supremo
* His Excellency (1952) − Jackie
* South of Algiers (1953) − Mahmoud
* They Who Dare (1954) − Patroklis
* Up to His Neck (1954) − Bandit General
* Mask of Dust (1954) − Guido Rosetti
* Lust for Life (1956) − Dr. Rey (uncredited)
* Zarak (1956) − Akbar (merchant)
* Interpol (1957) − Salko
* The Shiralee (1957) − Papadoulos
* The Strange World of Planet X (1958) − Dr. Laird
* The Man Inside (1958) − Lopez
* The 7th Voyage of Sinbad (1958) − Caliph
* The Angry Hills (1959) − Phillibos
* The 3 Worlds of Gulliver (1960) − Minister of Lilliput
* A Story of David (1961) − Kudruh
* We Shall See, (Edgar Wallace Mysteries) (1964) − Ludo
* Khartoum (1966) − Bordeini Bey (uncredited)
* Frankenstein Created Woman (1967) − Spokesman
* Some May Live (1967) − Ducrai
* Steptoe and Son (1972) − Hotel Doctor
* The Playbirds (1978) − Ransome
* Confessions from the David Galaxy Affair (1979) − Pembleton
* Lion of the Desert (1980)
* Gothic (1986) − Murray (final film role)
# 2011 Baku Cup

The 2011 Baku Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the Baku Cup which was part of the 2011 WTA Tour. It took place in Baku, Azerbaijan between 18 and 24 July 2011.

## WTA entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank | Seed |
| RUS | Vera Zvonareva | 3 | 1 |
| RUS | Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova | 13 | 2 |
| RUS | Elena Vesnina | 33 | 3 |
| RUS | Ekaterina Makarova | 40 | 4 |
| ROU | Monica Niculescu | 52 | 5 |
| GBR | Elena Baltacha | 58 | 6 |
| RUS | Ksenia Pervak | 65 | 7 |
| RUS | Evgeniya Rodina | 77 | 8 |
* Rankings are as of July 11, 2011.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Nigina Abduraimova
* Kamilla Farhad
* Nina Khrisanova
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Elena Bovina
* Yana Buchina
* Eirini Georgatou
* Valeria Solovieva
The following players received entry from a lucky loser spot:
* Tatia Mikadze

## Champions
### Singles

Vera Zvonareva def. Ksenia Pervak, 6–1, 6–4.
* It was Zvonareva's second title of the year and 12th of her career.

### Doubles

Mariya Koryttseva / Tatiana Poutchek def. Monica Niculescu / Galina Voskoboeva, 6–3, 2–6, [10–8].
# Aerogravity assist

An aerogravity assist, or AGA, is a theoretical spacecraft maneuver designed to change velocity when arriving at a body with an atmosphere. A pure gravity assist uses only the gravity of a body to change the direction of the spacecraft trajectory. The change in direction is limited by the mass of the body, and how closely it can be approached. An aerogravity assist uses a closer approach to the planet, dipping into the atmosphere, so the spacecraft can also use aerodynamic lift with upside-down wings to augment gravity and further curve the trajectory. This enables the spacecraft to deflect through a larger angle, resulting in a higher delta-v (change in velocity). This in turn allows a shorter travel time, a larger payload fraction of the spacecraft, or a smaller spacecraft for a given payload.
The related techniques of aerocapture, aerobraking, and atmospheric entry also attempt to use the body's atmosphere to help reduce propulsion requirements. In an aerogravity assist, however, the goal is not to use the atmosphere to slow the spacecraft down, but instead use it to achieve a larger change in direction.
While the use of an aerogravity assist has been proposed for a variety of missions, including the capture of a spacecraft into orbit about Saturn, the technique has not yet been used in practice.
# Brockage

In coin collecting, brockage refers to a type of error coin in which one side of the coin has the normal design and the other side has a mirror image of the same design impressed upon it.

## Description

Brockage errors are caused when an already minted coin sticks to the coin die and impresses onto another blank that hasn't been struck yet, pressing a mirror image of the other coin into the blank. Brockages are relatively rare among modern coins of industrialised countries where mints exercise a strict production control and somewhat less rare among the modern coins of some developing countries which operate their own mint (e.g. Nepal); in good condition, coins with clear brockage are a collector's item and can sell for substantial amounts of money.
One can distinguish between obverse and reverse brockages. Obverse brockages occur when the previously struck coin was not ejected and gets stuck to the lower die, and reverse brockages when the previously struck coin remains stuck to the upper die.

## History

In the production of hammered coinage, brockages were very common, although largely restricted to obverse brockages, as the mint worker would likely notice if the coin was stuck in the reverse anvil die. If the mint worker did notice the brockage, they had the option of restriking it. There is no consensus among numismatists concerning the existence of restruck brockages, as they would appear similar to coins with heavily clashed dies.
The use of screw presses drastically reduced the amount of brockages which escaped the mint from the mid 16th-century onwards, but as high speed machinery became more common in the 19th century, more brockages appear. It is known that some unscrupulous mint workers have created brockages in the past simply in order to sell to coin collectors.
# A1 Team Austria

The A1 Team Austria was the Austrian representative team in A1 Grand Prix. The team competed only in the inaugural season of the championship.

## Ownership

A1 Team Austria was owned and operated by Lauda Motorsport Management. The management team included Niki Lauda and Keke Rosberg, both former Formula 1 World Champions. Whilst the team was racing for Austria, Team Rosberg, based in Germany operated the race team. Lauda's son, Lukas, officially ran Lauda Motorsport Management who worked with other teams such as Scuderia Coloni. Their entry to the championship was announced ahead of the first race, along with A1 Team Italy and A1 Team Japan.
Ahead of the 2006-07 season, A1 Team Austria withdrew from A1 Grand Prix along with Japan, Russia and Portugal.

## Drivers

During their one season in the championship, the A1 Team Austria employed Mathias Lauda and Patrick Friesacher as their drivers.
| Name | Seasons | Races (Starts) | A1GP Title | Wins | Sprint wins | Main wins | 2nd | 3rd | Poles | Fastest Laps | Points |
| Patrick Friesacher | 2005-06 | 1 (2) | | | | | | | | | 3 |
| Mathias Lauda | 2005-06 | 10 (20) | | | | | | | | | 11 |

## 2005-06 season

The season began poorly for A1 Team Austria, with no points scored until the 3rd round in Portugal, where Lauda finished 10th in the feature race meaning a single point was gained. At the following two rounds, the car would suffer retirements in both sprint races. In Dubai, Lauda finished 7th in the feature race scoring 4 points for the team. He would score another 7th-place finish at the South African race, next time out.
Lauda would be replaced for the Mexican race by former Minardi F1 driver, Patrick Friesacher. Friesacher would finish 10th and 9th in the two races, A1 Team Austria's first double points scoring race weekend. Lauda would return for the final two rounds of the season in America and China, scoring points at Laguna Seca.
At the end of the season, A1 Team Austria scored 14 points and were classified 19th in the championship.

### Complete A1 Grand Prix results

(key), "spr" indicate a Sprint Race, "fea" indicate a Main Race.
| Year | Racing team | Chassis, Engine, Tyres | Drivers | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | Points | Rank |
| 2005-06 | Team Rosberg | Lola, Zytek, Cooper Avon | | GBR spr | GBR fea | GER spr | GER fea | PRT spr | PRT fea | AUS spr | AUS fea | MYS spr | MYS fea | ARE spr | ARE fea | ZAF spr | ZAF fea | IDN spr | IDN fea | MEX spr | MEX fea | USA spr | USA fea | CHN spr | CHN fea | 14 | 19th |
| 2005-06 | Team Rosberg | Lola, Zytek, Cooper Avon | Mathias Lauda | 20 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 10 | 19 | Ret | 18 | Ret | 17 | 7 | 16 | 7 | 13 | Ret | | | 12 | 9 | Ret | 13 | 14 | 19th |
| 2005-06 | Team Rosberg | Lola, Zytek, Cooper Avon | Patrick Friesacher | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 10 | 9 | | | | | 14 | 19th |
# Acuérdate de mí

Acuérdate de mí may refer to:
* Acuérdate de mí (film), a 2022 Peruvian film
* "Acuerdate de Mi", 1987 single by the American band Selena y Los Dinos
* Acuérdate De Mí, 1998 album by the Mexican group Banda Cuisillos
* Acuerdate de Mí, 1990 album by the Spanish singer Bertín Osborne
* "Acuérdate de mí", 2018 single by the Mexican band Matisse
* "Acuérdate de mí", 1994 song from the album Hambre de Amor by the Mexican singer Patricia Manterola
* "Acuérdate de Mí", 1857 song for voice and piano by the Spanish musician and composer Jesús de Monasterio
# Bangladesh–Libya relations

Bangladesh–Libya relations refer to the bilateral relations between Bangladesh and Libya. Bangladesh has an embassy in Tripoli. Libya has an embassy in Dhaka. Both countries are members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.

## History

Libya is part of the Maghreb region. The 14th century traveller, Ibn Battuta, mentioned in his book the presence of Maghrebis in Bengal during that time, mostly as merchants. He speaks of a certain Muhammad al-Masmudi, who lived there with his wife and servant.
During the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971, Libyan F-5s were deployed to Sargodha Airbase, perhaps as a potential training unit to prepare Pakistani pilots. Gaddafi personally wrote a strongly worded letter to Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, an ally of the Bangladeshi Mukti Bahini, accusing her of aggression against Pakistan.
Major General Jamilud Din Ahsan was appointed ambassador of Bangladesh to Libya in September 2005.

## Modern relations

Bangladesh has a resident ambassador in Libya. Libya has a resident embassy in Dhaka, Bangladesh. In October 2011 the government of Bangladesh recognized the Libyan National Transitional Council. Bangladesh embassy was attacked in Tripoli in February 2017. In May 2020, 26 Bangladeshi migrants were murdered by human traffickers in the Mizdah massacre.

## Economic relations

Since 1974 Libya has been recruiting migrant workers from Bangladesh. Bangladesh signed an agreement to send 1 million workers to Libya in 2009. In May 2015 Libya banned migrant workers from Bangladesh over concerns that they were illegally migrating to Europe through Libya. There was an estimated 37,000-strong Bangladeshi community in Libya as of September 2015. By April 2017, the number had fallen to 20,000. In May 2017 Bangladesh became the single largest source of migrants to Europe through Libya. Khalifa Haftar of Libya's National Army banned the arrival of Bangladeshis and 5 other nationals in 2017.
# Bar Abakhel Kabal

Bar Abakhel Kabal is an administrative unit, known as Union council, of Swat District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. District Swat has 9 Tehsils i.e. Khwazakhela, Kabal, Madyan, Barikot, Mingora, and Kalam. Each Tehsill comprises certain numbers of union councils. There are 65 union councils in district Swat, 56 rural and 09 urban.
# Baraka: Music from the Original Motion Picture Soundtrack

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| SoundtrackNet | |
Baraka was composed by Michael Stearns and was released on August 24, 1993, one year after the film opened for public viewing.
   "Milan Records presents this digitally remastered special edition soundtrack to the 1992 cult classic docudrama, BARAKA. Scored by renowned new age composer Michael Stearns, BARAKA takes the listener on a world tour of cultural (and natural) experience. Displaying the cyclical nature of life, BARAKA moves through the mystery and fascination of natural phenomena to the serenity of Third World culture and, ultimately, the ferocity of industrialization. Stearns accents the film's theme with an array of world music influences, new age ambience, and a flair for incidental film scoring."

## Track listing

* "Mantra / Organics" - 4:42
* "Wipala" - 5:04
* "The Host Of Seraphim" - 6:18
* "Village Dance" - 2:55
* "Wandering Saint" - 6:41
* "African Journey" - 3:34
* "Rainbow Voice" - 2:57
* "Monk With Bell" - 2:33
* "Broken Vows / A Prayer Of Kala Rupa / An Daorach Bheag" - 4:39
* "Finale" - 4:34
* "End Credits" - 3:26

## Baraka (Silver Screen Edition)

In 2005, though released in 1993, The Baraka Soundtrack was re-released to the public.
   "This cult favorite soundtrack has been digitally remastered and now includes the opening theme of the film, which was not available on the original release. Composer Michael Stearns rediscovered the original recording after more than 10 years, and remastered it exclusively for this release."
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| SoundtrackNet | link |
* "Bonus Track: Opening / Nepal Morning" - Kōhachiro Miyata - 6:01
* "Organics" - Somei Satoh - 4:45
* "Wipala" - Inkuyo - 5:06
* "The Host of Seraphim" - Dead Can Dance - 6:20
* "Village Dance" - Michael Stearns - 2:58
* "Varanasi Sunrise" - L. Subramaniam - 6:43
* "African Journey" - Anugama & Sebastiano - 3:37
* "Rainbow Voice" - David Hykes - 3:00
* "Monk with Bell" - Michael Stearns - 2:37
* "Broken Vow" - Monks of the Dip Tse Chok Ling Monastery, Dharamsala - 4:42
* "Finale" - Michael Stearns - 4:34
* "End Credits" - Michael Stearns - 3:25
# Baraka (album)

Baraka is an album by the DKV Trio, composed of drummer Hamid Drake, bassist Kent Kessler and reedist Ken Vandermark. It was recorded in 1997 and released on Okka Disk.
The DKV Trio was assembled by Vandermak in the summer of 1994 for the recording project Standards. The band's first album was the limited edition CD DKV Live, recorded on December 26, 1996, at the Chicago Lunar Cabaret and also released on Okka Disk.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
In her review for AllMusic, Joslyn Layne states: "Baraka may suffer a bit in comparison to the later, extraordinary Live in Wels & Chicago, but it's still a terrific showcase of the trio and, overall, a great adventurous jazz album."
The Penguin Guide to Jazz notes that "Baraka has its moments of stasis -the title track runs for more than 35 minutes, and it needs plenty of resources to sustain that- but there is still an awful lot to listen to."

## Track listing

    All compositions by Drake/Kessler/Vandermark
* "Double Holiday" – 10:46
* "Soft Gamma Ray Repeater" – 8:14
* "Baraka" – 35:58
* "Figure It Out" – 7:16
* "Consequence" – 9:27

## Personnel

* Hamid Drake - drums
* Kent Kessler - bass
* Ken Vandermark - reeds
# Barahipur

Barahipur is a village in Bhola District in the Barisal Division of southern-central Bangladesh.
# Barabambo railway station

Barabambo Railway Station is a railway station on Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai line under Chakradharpur railway division of South Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Barabambo, West Singhbhum district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is 10 km (6 mi) from Chakradharpur railway station.
# Barbara Anderson (anti-tax activist)

Barbara Anderson (1943 – April 8, 2016) was an anti-tax activist. She was eulogized by Governor of Massachusetts Charlie Baker for her contribution to reducing property, income and excise taxes for state citizens (moving Massachusetts from the sixth-heaviest taxed state to the 36th). She was an executive director of Citizens for Limited Taxation for 35 years. In November 1980, she led the property tax relief campaign, instituting the ballot initiative empowering voters with a veto on property tax hikes. She was instrumental in the repeal of the state income tax surtax; defeat of the graduated income tax ballot question, and “temporary” state income tax increase rollback. She was a weekly contributor to both The Salem News and The Lawrence Eagle-Tribune Publishing Company. Anderson was known as “The Mother of Proposition 2½.” She co-hosted a popular WRKO radio program with newspaper columnist Howie Carr and radio personality Jerry Williams.
| Preceded byGreg Hyatt | Executive Director of Citizens for Limited Taxation 1980 – 2015 | Succeeded byChip Ford |
# Bardic Grammar

Bardic Grammar is a medieval Welsh grammar that provided bards (qualified poets) with rules of writing poetry. Bards’ works celebrated heroic deeds of their patrons.

## Grammar rules

The knowledge of poetics was thought to be an inherent part of bardic craft. Bards learnt in special bardic schools, where the main emphasis was put on mastering rules referring to strict metres. The reason for that is that the poetry written with the use of strict metres was perceived as “the major glory of Welsh literature”. A trained aspirant could become one of the 3 types of bards:
* prydydd (poet)
* teuluwr (man of household)
* clerwr (strolling minstrel or itinerant poet)
As Sir Thomas Wiliems stated, it was Einion Offeiriad who developed the medieval Welsh bardic grammar, which can be separated into two parts:
* Part concerning the science of grammar
* Part concerning properties of Welsh prosody and a craft of a bard
According to some manuscripts, two parts of speech can be distinguished in Welsh bardic grammar: noun and verb, whereas syllables were divided into trwn (heavy - two consonants at the end) and ysgafn (light - a single consonant at the end). The process of trwm ac ysgafn (referring to rhyming a heavy syllable with a light syllable) was perceived as one of the mistakes in writing. The division of diphthongs was:
* Dipton dalgron (‘compact or neat diphthong’) - aw, ew, iw, yw, uw
* Dipton wib (‘straying diphthong’) - eu
* Dipton leddf (‘inclining diphthong’) - ae, oe, ei, ŵy

## Classification of candidates for bard

* Disgybl ysbas heb radd (an entitled student without degree)
* Disgybl ysbas graddol (an entitled student with degree)
* Disgybl disgybblaidd (a disciplined student)
* Disgybl pencerddaidd (a student having chief-of-song degree)
* Pencerdd (a chief-of-song)