OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Clinical trial naming conventions

Clinical trials are often assigned contrived acronyms. Some common themes include acronyms excluding words from the acronym and including letters taken from the middle of words. It is suggested that the use of acronyms in titles is associated with a higher citation rate of research publications.

## Background

Acronyms were first used to identify clinical trials in the 1970s. The first identified instance was "UGDP", an initialism for University Group Diabetes Program. The first trial title commonly pronounced as an English-language word or words came in 1982 with the publication of "MRFIT", referring to the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, and spoken as "Mr. Fit" or "the Mr. Fit trial".
The term "acronymophilia" was coined in 1994 to refer to the overuse of acronyms in medicine.
An article in the Annals of Internal Medicine classified clinical trial titles into five broad groups: un-abbreviated titles; initialisms that are not pronounced as English words; homonyms pronounced as a recognizable English word but spelled in a novel way; descriptive medical words relating to the study topic, such as CARDIAC and RALES; medical or health words that are not related to the topic of the study, such as ALIVE or RESCUE; and other English words not related to the topic, with a wide variety of subjects, including myths, places, musical terms, animals, and space, such as ISIS, CASANOVA, and APRICOT.

## Examples

A scientific study ranking acronyms was published in the British Medical Journal. Some of the negatively graded criteria include using letters that do not begin a word, and including letters in the acronym that are not found in the title. According to their metric, some of the worst names included "METGO: A 48-week, randomized, double-blind, double-observer, placebo-controlled multicenter trial of combination METhotrexate and intramuscular GOld therapy in rheumatoid arthritis", "PERFORM: Prevention of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular Events of ischaemic origin with teRutroban in patients with a history oF ischaemic strOke or tRansient ischaeMic attack", and "TYPHOON: Trial to assess the use of the cYPHer sirolimus-eluting coronary stent in acute myocardial infarction treated with BallOON angioplasty". Their ranking of acronyms shows a decrease in measured quality between 2000 and 2012.
In a letter to the International Journal of Cardiology, Tsung O. Cheng called out his own field as prone to overuse of contrived acronyms, calling it a "persistent problem". He was spurred to write the letter after he reviewed nine articles about a study named "ZAHARA" without finding any explanation of what the acronym meant.
Other clinical trials that have been noted in publications for their acronyms include: TORPEDO (Thrombus Obliteration by Rapid Percutaneous Endovenous Intervention (PEVI) in Deep Venous Occlusion) and BATMAN (Bisphosphonate and Anastrozole Trial – Bone Maintenance Algorithm Assessment).
# Clinical terminology server

A clinical terminology server is a terminology server, which contains and provides access to clinical terminology.

## Background

The first generic description of general terminology servers per se was produced by the European GALEN Project. Rector et al. outline the functional attributes of the GALEN terminology server.
A clinical terminology server provides the following services to client applications:
* management of external references
* management of internal representations
* mapping natural language to concepts and vv
* mapping concepts to medical classification schemes
* management of extrinsic information
The main purpose of a clinical terminology server is to allow the consistent and comparable entry of clinical data, e.g. patient observations, findings and events.
# 1998–99 Kazakhstan Hockey Championship

The 1998–99 Kazakhstan Hockey Championship was the seventh season of the Kazakhstan Hockey Championship, the top level of ice hockey in Kazakhstan. Four teams participated in the league, and Bulat Temirtau won the championship.

## Regular season

| | GP | W | T | L | GF:GA | Pts |
| Bulat Temirtau | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 50:09 | 6:0 |
| Avtomobilist Karagandy | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 38:18 | 4:2 |
| Amid Rudny | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 14:39 | 2:4 |
| Zhenis Astana | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 09:45 | 0:6 |

## Final round
### Final

* Bulat Temirtau 10 Avtomobilist Karagandy 6

### 3rd place

* Amid Rudny 5 Zhenis Astana 4
# Clever Lara

Clever Lara (born 26 November 1952) is a Uruguayan plastic artist, teacher, and curator.
He made his first studies of painting in his hometown of Rivera with the master Osmar Santos. From 1964 to 1968 he attended the Edgardo Ribeiro [es] workshop in Montevideo. Between 1975 and 1979 he taught at the Institute of Fine Arts San Francisco de Asís. He then set up his own teaching workshop in Montevideo, where he has trained many artists, a task that he continues with today.
In 1983 he received a Guggenheim Fellowship, with which he studied metal engraving in New York and Valdottavo-Luca, Italy, with Luis Camnitzer. He represented his country at the Venice Biennale in 1986 and at the São Paulo Biennial in 1981 and 1994 and received numerous national and international awards.
In 1988, Lara was distinguished by the Fund for Artists Colonies, United States, and in 2001 he received the Figari Award in recognition of his career.

## Work

Lara's work is in a naturalist style – large canvases in which the paint drips and fades into the margins, creating an aura of dreamlike unreality. He composes still lifes in which he integrates various recovered objects such as broken dolls, cardboard, wool balls, belts of pre-Columbian fabrics, boards, and brooms. He configures his creations with abandoned trivial objects, generating a reflective look at human waste.
# Cleverdale, New York

Cleverdale is a hamlet in Warren County, New York, United States. The community is located on a peninsula along the south shore of Lake George, 5 miles (8.0 km) northeast of the village of Lake George. Cleverdale has a post office with ZIP code 12820.
# Clytiomya sola

Clytiomya sola is a European species of fly in the family Tachinidae.

## Distribution

Hungary, Ukraine, Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, France, Switzerland, Iran, Israel, Palestine, Transcaucasia.
# 1997 in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The following lists events that happened during the year 1997 in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Incumbents

* Presidency:
** Alija Izetbegović
** Krešimir Zubak
** Momčilo Krajišnik
* Prime Minister: Hasan Muratović (until January 3), Haris Silajdžić (starting January 3)
# Clionella kraussii

Clionella kraussii is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Clavatulidae.
This species was named after Ferdinand Krauss (1812–1890), author of Krauss (1848), Die südafrikanischen Mollusken, ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Mollusken des Kap- und Natallandes und zur geographischen Verbreitung derselben, mit Beschreibung und Abbildung der neuen Arten; Stuttgart, Ebner & Seubert, 1848.

## Description

The size of an adult shell varies between 15 mm and 40 mm.
This species is easily recognized by the short subnodulous ribs, which occupy scarcely the lower half of the whorls, the depression round the middle and the raised band above, and the manner of coloration, the purplish-brown maculations being somewhat flexuous in the depression. Its nearest relation is Clionella semicostata (Kiener, 1840).

## Distribution

This marine species occurs along False Bay and West Transkei, South Africa; also off Madagascar.
# 1999 Guardian Direct Cup – Doubles

The 1999 Guardian Direct Cup was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in London, Great Britain, that was part of the Championship Series of the 1999 ATP Tour. It was the 22nd edition of the tournament and was held 22–28 February.

## Seeds

Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.
* Patrick Galbraith / Paul Haarhuis (first round)
* Yevgeny Kafelnikov / Daniel Vacek (semifinals)
* Byron Black / Sandon Stolle (first round)
* Piet Norval / Kevin Ullyett (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Finals

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final |
| | B Black W Ferreira | 2 | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 1 | P Galbraith P Haarhuis | 6 | 6 | 3 | | B Black W Ferreira | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | |
| | T Carbonell C Haggard | 6 | 6 | | | T Carbonell C Haggard | 4 | 2 | | | | | | | |
| | P Nyborg P Vízner | 4 | 3 | | | | | | | B Black W Ferreira | 7 | 7 | | | |
| | J Eagle A Florent | 6 | 6 | 7 | | | | | | J Eagle A Florent | 5 | 6 | | | |
| 3 | W Black S Stolle | 7 | 2 | 6 | | J Eagle A Florent | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | |
| | D Adams J-L de Jager | 7 | 6 | | | D Adams J-L de Jager | 1 | 4 | | | | | | | |
| | W Arthurs J Tarango | 5 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | B Black W Ferreira | 3 | 6 |
| | N Broad R Koenig | 6 | 4 | 6 | | | | | | | | | T Henman G Rusedski | 6 | 7 |
| | C Suk P Tramacchi | 4 | 6 | 3 | | N Broad R Koenig | 4 | 4 | | | | | | | |
| | T Henman G Rusedski | 7 | 6 | | | T Henman G Rusedski | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | |
| 4 | P Norval K Ullyett | 6 | 2 | | | | | | | T Henman G Rusedski | 6 | 6 | | | |
| | G Ivanišević N Kiefer | 6 | 5 | 7 | | | | | 2 | Y Kafelnikov D Vacek | 4 | 4 | | | |
| | B Becker D Prinosil | 3 | 7 | 5 | | G Ivanišević N Kiefer | 2 | 1 | | | | | | | |
| 2 | Y Kafelnikov D Vacek | 4 | 6 | 7 | 2 | Y Kafelnikov D Vacek | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | |
| | N Kulti D Macpherson | 6 | 3 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
# 1997 SEAT Open – Doubles

Kristie Boogert and Nathalie Tauziat were the defending champions but only Boogert competed that year with Amanda Coetzer.
Boogert and Coetzer lost in the quarterfinals to Annica Lindstedt and Caroline Schneider.
Larisa Neiland and Helena Suková won in the final 6–1, 6–0 against Meike Babel and Laurence Courtois.

## Seeds

Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.
* Larisa Neiland / Helena Suková (champions)
* Sabine Appelmans / Miriam Oremans (quarterfinals)
* Eva Melicharová / Helena Vildová (semifinals)
* Kristie Boogert / Amanda Coetzer (quarterfinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | L Neiland H Suková | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Q | A Glass J Kruger | 3 | 3 | | 1 | L Neiland H Suková | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Å Carlsson P Schnyder | 6 | 4 | 3 | | W Probst A Sugiyama | 2 | 5 | | | | | | | | | |
| | W Probst A Sugiyama | 0 | 6 | 6 | | | | | | 1 | L Neiland H Suková | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| 3 | E Melicharová H Vildová | w/o | | | | | | | | 3 | E Melicharová H Vildová | 2 | 3 | | | | |
| | B Rittner A-G Sidot | | | | 3 | E Melicharová H Vildová | 2 | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | |
| | A Olsza S-A Siddall | 2 | 4 | | LL | C Dhenin M Maleeva | 6 | 4 | 5 | | | | | | | | |
| LL | C Dhenin M Maleeva | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | Larisa Neiland Helena Suková | 6 | 6 |
| | A Lindstedt C Schneider | w/o | | | | | | | | | | | | | Meike Babel Laurence Courtois | 2 | 4 |
| | J Halard-Decugis S Testud | | | | | A Lindstedt C Schneider | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | K Freye S Meier | 2 | 2 | | 4 | K Boogert A Coetzer | 3 | 3 | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | K Boogert A Coetzer | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | A Lindstedt C Schneider | 1 | 0 | | | | |
| WC | A Kremer M Serna | 2 | 4 | | | | | | | | M Babel L Courtois | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | M Babel L Courtois | 6 | 6 | | | M Babel L Courtois | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | K Habšudová F Labat | 3 | 6 | 6 | 2 | S Appelmans M Oremans | 3 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | S Appelmans M Oremans | 6 | 3 | 7 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# CoRoT-6b

CoRoT-6b (previously named CoRoT-Exo-6b) is an exoplanet that was discovered by the CoRoT mission team on February 2, 2009, orbiting the F type star CoRoT-6. It is located in the Ophiuchus constellation.

## Properties and location

This planetary object is reported to be about 3.3 times the mass of the planet Jupiter and 1.17 times its size with an orbital period of 8.88 days. It is a hot Jupiter with a temperature between 700 and 1000 °C.
# Clydevale

Clydevale is a township on the banks of the Clutha River / Mata-Au, in the Clutha Valley, 29 kilometres north-west of Balclutha.
The township was established by the New Zealand and Australian Land Company in the 1860s. The company officially named the township in 1863, after the River Clyde in Scotland.
French food company Danone operates milk factory at Clydevale, which produces toddler infant formula brand Karicare. A new biomass boiler plant was installed between 2019 and 2021.
The settlement has a war memorial with the statue of a soldier, and a plaque listing local men who died in World War I and World War II.

## Demographics

The Clutha Valley statistical area covers 747.35 km$^2$ (288.55 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 1,730 as of June 2023, with a population density of 2.3 people per km$^2$.
Clutha Valley had a population of 1,608 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 84 people (5.5%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 48 people (3.1%) since the 2006 census. There were 570 households, comprising 879 males and 729 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.21 males per female. The median age was 36.4 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 375 people (23.3%) aged under 15 years, 306 (19.0%) aged 15 to 29, 762 (47.4%) aged 30 to 64, and 165 (10.3%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 84.1% European/Pākehā, 9.1% Māori, 1.9% Pasifika, 8.0% Asian, and 3.7% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 14.7, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 51.3% had no religion, 39.6% were Christian, 0.6% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.2% were Hindu, 0.9% were Buddhist and 0.7% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 183 (14.8%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 216 (17.5%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $40,100, compared with $31,800 nationally. 207 people (16.8%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 795 (64.5%) people were employed full-time, 204 (16.5%) were part-time, and 30 (2.4%) were unemployed.

## Education

Clutha Valley School is a full primary school serving years 1 to 8 with a roll of 106 students as of August 2024.
Clutha Valley District High School opened in 1939 as the amalgamation of eight small schools, and two other schools merged with it in the 1940s. It became a primary school in 1967. Clutha Valley Primary School opened as a replacement in Clydesdale in 2008. In 2019, plans were announced to demolish the existing school buildings, and rebuild the entire school from scratch.
# Cnemaspis sakleshpurensis

Cnemaspis sakleshpurensis is a species of diurnal, rock-dwelling, insectivorous gecko endemic to India.
# 1998 Thalgo Australian Women's Hardcourts – Doubles

Naoko Kijimuta and Nana Miyagi were the defending champions but did not compete that year.
Elena Likhovtseva and Ai Sugiyama won in the final 1–6, 6–3, 6–4 against Sung-Hee Park and Shi-Ting Wang.

## Seeds

Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.
* n/a
* Elena Likhovtseva / Ai Sugiyama (champions)
* Kerry-Anne Guse / Rachel McQuillan (first round)
* Eva Melicharová / Helena Vildová (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| LL | M Maleeva S Pitkowski | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Olsza E Tatarkova | 6 | 6 | | | A Olsza E Tatarkova | 3 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | S-H Park S-T Wang | 7 | 4 | 6 | | S-H Park S-T Wang | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | K Kunce C Morariu | 6 | 6 | 4 | | | | | | S-H Park S-T Wang | 6 | 6 | | | | | | |
| 4 | E Melicharová H Vildová | 2 | 0 | | | | | | | S Krivencheva L Pleming | 3 | 3 | | | | | | |
| | O Barabanschikova R Grande | 6 | 6 | | | O Barabanschikova R Grande | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | C Barclay L McShea | 4 | 6 | 2 | | S Krivencheva L Pleming | 7 | 7 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | S Krivencheva L Pleming | 6 | 0 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | Sung-Hee Park Shi-Ting Wang | 6 | 3 | 4 |
| | L Horn P Suárez | 6 | 1 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | 2 | Elena Likhovtseva Ai Sugiyama | 1 | 6 | 6 |
| | L Courtois W Probst | 1 | 6 | 3 | | L Horn P Suárez | 4 | 5 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Lee L Lee | 6 | 4 | 6 | | J Lee L Lee | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | K-A Guse R McQuillan | 1 | 6 | 3 | | | | | | J Lee L Lee | 6 | 3 | 4 | | | | | |
| | M McGrath P Schnyder | 6 | 6 | | | | | | 2 | E Likhovtseva A Sugiyama | 3 | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| Q | M Díaz Oliva S Plischke | 4 | 4 | | | M McGrath P Schnyder | 3 | 5 | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | G Biggs A Jensen | 2 | 2 | | 2 | E Likhovtseva A Sugiyama | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | E Likhovtseva A Sugiyama | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Coach Terminal station

Coach Terminal Station is an underground metro station in Ningbo, Zhejiang, China. Coach Terminal Station is situated on the east of Ningbo Coach Terminal. Construction of the station started in December 2010 and the station opened to service on September 26, 2015.

## Exits

Coach Terminal Station has 3 exits.
| No | Suggested destinations |
| A | Tongda Road, Ningbo Coach Terminal |
| B | Tongda Road, Ningbo Coach Terminal |
| D | Tongda Road, Duantang Public Transit Station |
# Arabis hirsuta

Arabis hirsuta, known as hairy rock-cress, is a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. In previous North American works, this species has been broadly defined to include plants native to Europe, Asia, and the northern half of North America, but is now more often restricted to a narrower subgroup restricted to Europe.
Arabis hirsuta grows to heights of up to around 75 centimetres (30 in) and is usually unbranched, with a long spike of flowers. Lower leaves form a rosette, the stalkless upper-leaves clasp the stem. The white petals are twice as long as the sepals, flowers June–August. The fruits are cylindrical and pressed close to the stem and the slightly winged seeds are reddish brown. It features hairs, which are stiff and forking. The species grows on chalk slopes, dunes, hedgebanks, walls and rocks.
The conservation status of Arabis hirsuta, in the UK, is marked as "least concern" as of 2021.

## Gallery

* 1796 illustration
# Windeby (disambiguation)

Windeby may refer to:
* Windeby: a municipality in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
* Windeby I: the name given to a German set of ancient mummified human remains, found in 1952, named after where it was found.
* Windeby II, a second set of remains, found later in 1952 in the same area.
# Hemicrepidius kumaso

Hemicrepidius kumaso is a species of click beetle belonging to the family Elateridae.
# 1881–82 Rangers F.C. season

The 1881–82 season was the eighth season of competitive football by Rangers.

## Overview

Rangers played a total matches during the 1881–82 season.

## Results

All results are written with Rangers' score first.

### Scottish Cup

| Date | Round | Opponent | Venue | Result | Attendance | Scorers |
| 10 September 1881 | R1 | Third Lanark | H | 2–1 | 3,000 | |
| 24 September 1881 | R2 | Harmonic | H | w/o | | |
| 22 October 1881 | R3 | Alexandra Athletic | H | 3–1 | 3,000 | |
| 12 November 1881 | R4 | Thorneliebank | A | 2–0 | 2,000 | |
| 3 December 1881 | R5 | South Western | A | 2–1 | 3,000 | Replay ordered |
| 24 December 1881 | R5 R | South Western | H | 4–0 | 1,000 | |
| 28 January 1882 | R6 | Dumbarton | A | 1–2 | 5,000 | Replay ordered |
| 4 February 1882 | R6 R | Dumbarton | A | 1–5 | | |
# Clanculus miniatus

Clanculus miniatus, common name the keeled top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

## Description

The height of the shell varies between 12½ mm and 15 mm, its diameter between 15 mm and 17 mm. The conical shell is carinated at the periphery and deeply umbilicated. It is painted with crimson and brown radiating bifurcating stripes above, the apical whorls crimson. The base of the shell is convex, radiately strigate or finely tessellate with brown. The about 6 whorls are subplanulate, but with a slightly salient central carina above. They are spirally finely granose-lirate, the lirae narrow, close, about 8 to 12 in number on the upper surface of the body whorl, the 5th forming a slightly projecting carina. The base is finely lirate, the lirae granose, about 15, subequal, or sometimes alternately smaller with the radiately striate interstices. The aperture is rather large and subrhomboidal. The outer lip is lirate within with a crenulate, expanded base. The long columella is straight, strongly dentate at its base, obsoletely folded above, inserted upon the side of the umbilicus, which is smooth within, bordered by a slight, smooth rib.
In its conical form, densely granose-lirate sculpture and the carina in the middle of the upper surface of the whorls, this form is quite distinct.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Mozambique and South Africa.
# Euphoria hirtipes

Euphoria hirtipes is a species of scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae.
# Diego Salcedo (bishop)

Diego Salcedo Benacos (May 30, 1575 – April 2, 1644) was a Spanish bishop. He became Roman Catholic bishop of Astorga in 1639, and died in 1644.
# Effective mass

Effective mass may refer to:
* Effective mass (solid-state physics), a property of an excitation in a crystal analogous to the mass of a free particle
* Effective mass (spring–mass system)