OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1789 Dobrovolsky

1789 Dobrovolsky (prov. designation: 1966 QC) is a Flora asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 19 August 1966, by Russian astronomer Lyudmila Chernykh at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnyj on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named after cosmonaut Georgy Dobrovolsky.

## Orbit and classification

Dobrovolsky is a member of the Flora family, a large group of stony S-type asteroids in the inner main-belt. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–2.6 AU once every 3 years and 3 months (1,203 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.19 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic. First identified as 1936 KK at Johannesburg, the body's first used observation was taken at Nice Observatory in 1943, when Dobrovolsky was identified as 1943 SG, extending its observation arc by 23 years prior to its official discovery observation.

## Naming

This minor planet was named in honor of Ukrainian–Soviet cosmonaut Georgy Dobrovolsky, commander of the Soyuz 11 spacecraft, who died on 30 June 1971 during the vehicle's return to Earth after completing the flight program of the first crewed orbital station, Salyut. The subsequently numbered minor planets 1790 Volkov and 1791 Patsayev were named in honour of his dead crew members.
The names of all three cosmonauts are also engraved on the plaque next to the sculpture of the Fallen Astronaut on the Moon, which was placed there during the Apollo 15 mission, containing the names of eight American astronauts and six Soviet cosmonauts, who had all died in service. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 July 1972 (M.P.C. 3296).

## Physical characteristics
### Rotation period

The so-far best rated rotational lightcurve of Dobrovolsky was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Brian A. Skiff in March 2011. It gave a rotation period of 4.812 hours with a brightness variation of 0.13 magnitude (U=3). Other lightcurves were obtained by Claes-Ingvar Lagerkvist (in 1973) and at the Palomar Transient Factory (in 2014), giving a period of 5.8, 4.800 and 4.8111 hours, respectively (U=2/2/2). An international study from February 2016, published a modeled period of 4.811096 hours (U=n.a.).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Dobrovolsky measures 7.92 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.185 (best result), while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the largest member and namesake of its family – and calculates a diameter of 9.85 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.2.
# Aktiv

Aktiv was a trademark of Swedish Aktiv Maskin Östersund ltd. The company started producing agriculture machines and tracked vehicles. It sold its agriculture division to Electrolux and changed its focus to tracked vehicles in 1980. The company went out of business in 1991.
Aktiv started making tracked vehicles in 1957 when they started making Snow Trac, a small personal Snowcat roughly the size of a modern compact car. Aktiv started making small snowmobiles in 1973 when they bought the Snö-Tric brand. The first dual-Trac snowmobile made by Aktiv was Snö-Tric Blå 75- and SC 20/2 75-.

## Snowmobiles

* Sno-Tric Gul 73-
* Sno-Tric Röd 73-
* Sno-Tric Blå 75- (dual-track snowmobile)
* SC 20/2 75- (dual-track snowmobile)
* Aktiv 600 75-
* Aktiv Grizzly (dual-track snowmobile)
** Aktiv Grizzly De Luxe 82-89
** Aktiv Grizzly XP 89-91
* Aktiv Panther
* Aktiv Karibo
* Aktiv Alaska
# Attagenus schaefferi

Attagenus schaefferi is a species of carpet beetle in the family Dermestidae. It is found in North America.

## Subspecies

These two subspecies belong to the species Attagenus schaefferi:
* Attagenus schaefferi hypar Beal, 1970$^{icg}$
* Attagenus schaefferi spurcus LeConte, 1874$^{icg}$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Amauna (Nabinagar), Aurangabad

Amauna is a village located in the Nabinagar Block of Aurangabad district in the Indian state of Bihar.
# Emotion (film)

Emotion (EMOTION 伝説の午後 いつか見たドラキュラ Hepburn: Emotion: densetsu no gogo = itsukamita Dracula), stylized on-screen as Émotion, is a 1966 Japanese experimental short film directed by Nobuhiko Obayashi. It stars Emi Tabata as Emi, a young woman who travels from a seaside village to a city, where she meets another girl named Sari (Sari Akasaka) and encounters a vampire.

## Cast

* Emi Tabata as Emi
* Sari Akasaka as Sari
* Jinichi Isizaki
* Keiko Machida
* Jusin Kitamura
* Harumi Sō
* Ichirō Takahasi
* Tamiko Tachikawa
* Misuzu Mori
* Yoshiyuki Oka
* Sakio Hirata
* Chigumi Obayashi

## Reception

In 2015, David Cairns of Notebook referred to Emotion as "a collage of camera effects, stills, pixillation and every other trick the decade had to offer", concluding: "Obayashi's caffeinated take on avant-garde cinema certainly shows the influence of commercials, and he never met a gimmick he didn't like, but he can sure compose a shot."

## Home media

On 26 October 2010, the Criterion Collection released Obayashi's 1977 feature-length film House on Blu-ray and DVD, with Emotion included as a special feature.
# Deto aucklandiae

Deto aucklandiae is a species of seashore dwelling woodlouse from the Detonidae family. D. aucklandiae is endemic to a few subantarctic islands in New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

Deto aucklandiae was first described in 1879 as Actaecia aucklandiae. In 1906, D. aucklandiae was described again as Deto magnifica and Deto robusta. A. aucklandiae was then moved to the Deto genus in 2003 and D. magnifica and D. robusta were recognized as synonyms.

## Description

Deto aucklandiae are a large, sexually dimorphic species, with males reaching 20-24mm in length and females reaching 12-19mm in length. Males have large, thick antennae and a dorsal surface that is covered in spine like tubercles. Females have more slender antennae than the males and can also be distinguished by a slight groove present in segments 2, 3 and 4.

## Distribution

Deto aucklandiae occurs in the coastal zone of subantarctic islands in New Zealand. They are known to occur on Auckland Island, Campbell Island and Snares Island.
# 1785 in France

Events from the year 1785 in France.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Louis XVI

## Events
### January

* 7 January - French balloonist Jean-Pierre Blanchard crosses the English Channel in a balloon

### July

* 16 July - The Piper-Heidsieck Champagne house is founded by Florens-Louis Heidsieck in Reims, France.

### August

* 15 August - Cardinal de Rohan is arrested in Paris; the Necklace Affair comes into the open.

### Date unknown

* Cabinet des Modes, the first fashion magazine, is published in France.

## Births

* 10 February - Claude-Louis Navier
* 27 March - Louis XVII
* 3 April - François-Jean-Hyacinthe Feutrier
* 21 April - Charles Joseph, comte de Flahaut
* 5 May - Charles Xavier Thomas
* 12 July - Joseph Pelet de la Lozère
* 30 September - Ange Hyacinthe Maxence, baron de Damas
* 5 October - Joseph Bernelle
* 10 October - Florestan I, Prince of Monaco
* 13 October - Jean-Charles Persil
* 28 November
** Federico de Brandsen
** Victor de Broglie
* 22 December - Achille Libéral Treilhard
* 26 December - Laurent Clerc
* Marie Durand, saint (d. 1864)

## Deaths

* 7 January - Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau
* 4 February - Donat Nonnotte
* 8 May - Étienne François, duc de Choiseul
* 15 June
** Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier, during failed cross channel balloon flight
* 20 August - Jean-Baptiste Pigalle
* 15 November - César Gabriel de Choiseul
* 18 November - Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
# Aktiv Grizzly

The Aktiv Grizzly was a dual-track snowmobile made by Aktiv Maskin Östersund AB in Sweden from 1979 to 1991. The Grizzly is still recognized as one of the best dual-track snowmobiles in the world. The snowmobile's tracks covered almost one square meter, making it well suited for use in deep snow. Similar dual-track snowmobiles include Bombardiers Ski-Doo Alpine, Ski-Doo Alpine 2 and Ockelbo 8000. Currently two dual-track snowmobile are in production, one in Russia under the name "Buran" and one in Italy, "Alpina Sherpa".
Aktiv started making tracked vehicles 1957 with the Snow Trac, a small personal snowcat roughly the size of a compact car. The company started making small snowmobiles in 1973 after purchasing the Snö-Tric brand. The first dual-track snowmobiles that Aktiv made were the Snö-Tric Blå 75- and SC 20/2 75-.
The Grizzly was also sold under license by Polaris Industries as the "Polaris Grizzly de luxe". This version had a Fuji 440 ccm engine. Also the Finnish company Winha sold early models of Grizzlies produced in 1982 and 1983 under their own brand name. Winha Grizzlies had either a traditional or flexible joint-bogie chassis, and either an Artic Spirit AB 50, A3 or Fuji EC 44-2PM-3000 engine.

## Specifications

The Grizzly snowmobile was equipped with dual 38 x 384 cm tracks and a single front ski. Dual front skis were available for the XP model. The engine was a 497 ccm Rotax 503 Scandinavia, which produced 38 HP (28 kW) at the snowmobile's maximum RPM of 5700. In the mid 80's, the Grizzly switched from the traditional wheel-based chassis to a flexible joint-bogie, which made the ride smoother and the passability much better. The carburetor was a VM 32, supplied by Mikuni. De luxe models of earlier Grizzlies had a transmission with one forward and one reverse gear. The last model produced (XP, 1989–1991) had two forward speeds.
| Overall length | 309 cm |
| Overall width | 97 cm |
| Overall height | 141 cm |
| Overall weight | 375/345 kg |
| Motor make | Rotax |
| Motor type | 503 Scandinavia (Alpine) |
| Number of cylinders | 2 |
| Displacement | 497 ccm |
| Bore | 72 mm |
| Stroke | 62 mm |
| HP(kW) @ 5700 RPM | 38(28) |
| Max. RPM | 5700 |
| Fuel lubrication | 2 Stroke Oil 50:1 (2%) |
| Cooling System | Axial Fan |
| Idle RPM | 2100 |
| Ignition/Generator | CDI 12V/140W |
| Spark Plug | NGK B7ES, B8ES or similar |
| Spark gap | 0,5 mm |
| Carburettor | 1x Mikuni VM 32 |
| Fuel | Unleaded Petrol, 90 Oc. or better |
| Engine Variator | Polaris/AKTIV |
| Secondary Variator | Polaris/AKTIV |
| Gear Exchange | 3,0:1 - 1:1 |
| Transmission (De Luxe) | FWD 3,07:1 / REV 4,82:1 |

## Links and resources

* Skoterportalen Grizzly Page (Swedish)
* Red Cross in Norway are still using Grizzly
* David's Vintage Snowmobile Page on Aktiv Grizzly Archived 2011-07-07 at the Wayback Machine
# Audrey Jeffers

Audrey Layne Jeffers CM, OBE (12 February 1898 – 24 June 1968) was a Trinidadian social worker and the first female member of the Legislative Council of Trinidad and Tobago.

## Life

Born in Woodbrook, Port of Spain, Trinidad, to an upper-middle-class family, Jeffers was educated at Tranquillity Girls School and went to England when she was aged 15, later taking a diploma in social science at Alexander College, north London. While in London she was involved in founding the Union of Students of African Descent, which would become known as the League of Coloured Peoples. After the outbreak of the First World War, she worked among West African troops and set up a West African soldiers' fund, mobilising financial contributions from fellow West Indians.
She returned to Trinidad in 1920 and ran a junior school in her family home, Briarsend. Moved by the sufferings of the underprivileged and dispossessed, she established the Coterie of Social Workers in 1921, which provided free lunches to poor school children. The first "Breakfast Shed" was established in Port of Spain in 1926. Others were established in Barataria, San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago, Siparia and Tobago. They went on to establish homes for the elderly, the blind, "women in distress" and day nurseries. The first day nursery, established in John John, Port of Spain, was named Cipriani House after the labour leader Arthur Andrew Cipriani.
In 1936, Jeffers became the first woman elected to the Port of Spain City Council. In 1946, she was appointed to the Legislative Council by Governor Sir Bede Clifford.
She was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1959. In 1969, she was posthumously awarded the Chaconia Gold Medal for Social Service.
Her nephew was the historian Tony Martin.

## Legacy

The Audrey Jeffers Highway is named in her honour. Her legacy also lives on in The Coterie of Social Workers of Trinidad and Tobago, who continue to honour her memory by celebrations and commemorations.
# 2301 Whitford

2301 Whitford, provisional designation 1965 WJ, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 17 kilometers (11 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 20 November 1965, by astronomers of the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory in the United States. The asteroid was named for American physicist and astronomer Albert Whitford. The uncommon L-type asteroid has a rotation period of 14.3 hours.

## Orbit and classification

Whitford is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.5–3.9 AU once every 5 years and 8 months (2,073 days; semi-major axis of 3.18 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.21 and an inclination of 12° with respect to the ecliptic.
The asteroid was first observed as 1931 TR$_2$ at Lowell Observatory in October 1931. The body's observation arc begins ten years prior to its official discovery observation with its observation as 1955 BC at Goethe Link Observatory in January 1955.

## Physical characteristics

Whitford has been characterized as an uncommon L-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS' photometric survey. It is also characterized as a common S-type asteroid in the SDSS-MFB (Masi Foglia Binzel) taxonomy.

### Rotation period

In April 2012, a rotational lightcurve of Whitford was obtained from photometric observations in the R-band by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory in California. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 14.275 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.35 magnitude (U=2), superseding a previous measurement of 27.1 hours (U=1).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Whitford measures between 17.40 and 19.47 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.223 and 0.240.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 16.56 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.27.

## Naming

This minor planet was named after American physicist and astronomer Albert Whitford (1905–2002), who was a pioneer in photoelectric photometry. Whitford was also a director at the Washburn and Lick observatories, as well as a former president of the American Astronomical Society. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 December 1983 (M.P.C. 8403).
# Amblada atomaria

Amblada is a genus of small flies of the family Lauxaniidae. It contains only one species, Amblada atomaria.

## Distribution

Philippines, Sulawesi.
# Engan Murugan Temple

Engan Murugan Temple is a temple dedicated to the Tamil god Muruga situated as a separate shrine in the campus of Engan Brahmapurisvarar Temple in Engan in the Thiruvarur District of Tamil Nadu, India. It is a popular tourist destination. Engan is located 13 kilometres from Thiruvarur.

## The shrine of Muruga

The shrine of Muruga can be reached through the south entrance.

## Legend

According to popular folklore, the sculptor who sculpted the idol of Murugan or Shanmughantheswara in this temple was the same person who carved the sculpture at Sikkal and Ettukudi. Upon sculpting the idol at Sikkal, the sculptor cut his right thumb so as to ensure that he would not create anything anywhere which would surpass the beauty of the image at Sikkal. After sculpting the idol at Ethukudi, he, however, found the idol excelling the one at Sikkal in beauty and hence blinded himself as punishment. Hence while sculpting the idol of Murugan at Engan, the sculptor had to rely on the assistance of a woman as he was blind himself. By mistake, while sculpting, he cut a finger belonging to the woman and blood began to ooze. These droplets of blood fell on his eyes curing him of his blindness. Once the sculptor realised that he could now see, he exclaimed in amazement "Engan! Engan!" meaning "My eyes" in the Tamil language.
# Behind the Banana Curtain

Behind the Banana Curtain is a compilation album released by Australian radio station 4ZZZ. It is a 2 disc set that documents 25 years of 4ZZZ broadcasting and their contribution to Brisbane's music scene

## Track listing

Disc One
* (I'm) Stranded – The Saints
* Karen – The Go-Betweens
* Task Force – Razar
* Cigarettes and Alcohol – The Leftovers
* Sunset Strip – The Riptides
* Help – The Apartments
* Savage – The Fun Things
* Crazy Eddie – Xero
* Brisbane Blacks – Mop and the Dropouts
* Buzzsaw Popstar – The Vampire Lovers
* Black Banned – Mystery of Sixes
* Blue Shirt – The Colours
* Igloo – The Screaming Tribesmen
* Alice D – Lovs e Blur
* Summer Vacation – Presidents Eleven
* Pig City – The Parameters
* SEQEB Scabs – La Fetts
* Winter Moving In – Post No Bills
* The Living Kind – Ups and Downs
* Too Much Acid – Pineapples from the Dawn of Time
* Cyclone Hits Expo – Choo Dikka Dikka
* Death Row Road – Hotel Breslin
Disc Two
* Harold & Maude – Batswing Saloon
* Another World – Purple Avengers
* Chill Out America – Chopper Division
* Creatures Downstairs – Girly
* Dreamkillers – Dreamkillers
* Boy's Germs – Gravel Rash
* V8 Rock 'n' Roll – Blowhard
* Children – Acid World
* Treat Yourself Gently – Isis
* Fantastic Plastic – Custard
* Dreaming – Wishing Chair
* I Believe – Toothfaeries
* Mudpool Goddess – Blood Party
* Drew Romance – The Melniks
* Dart – Screamfeeder
* Fish and Chip Bitch from Ipswich – Escape from Toytown
* The Day You Come – Powderfinger
* Not From There – Sich Offnen
* I Wanna Be a Nudist – Regurgitator
# 2012 Omloop Het Nieuwsblad

The 2012 Omloop Het Nieuwsblad took place on 25 February 2012. It was the 67th edition of the international classic Omloop Het Nieuwsblad. This year's Omloop started and ended at St. Peter's Square in Ghent, Belgium and spanned 200 km (124.3 mi) in the province of East Flanders. The race was the first 1.HC event in the 2012 UCI Europe Tour.
The race was won by Belgium's Sep Vanmarcke of the Garmin–Barracuda team, taking his first professional victory in a three-man sprint finish in Ghent. Vanmarcke out-sprinted Omega Pharma–Quick-Step's Tom Boonen and Team Sky's Juan Antonio Flecha, the 2010 winner, to the line.

## Teams

As this was a UCI 1.HC event, the organizers, the Flanders Classics Federation, were allowed to invite UCI ProTeams (maximum 70% of the total field), UCI Professional Continental teams, and UCI Continental teams.
Non ProTeams teams are indicated by an asterisk below. Each of the 25 teams were permitted up to eight riders, for a total of 196 riders.
* Accent.jobs–Willems Veranda's*
* Ag2r–La Mondiale
* BMC Racing Team
* Bretagne–Schuller*
* Champion System*
* Cofidis*
* Farnese Vini–Selle Italia*
* FDJ–BigMat
* Garmin–Barracuda
* GreenEDGE
* Landbouwkrediet–Euphony*
* Lotto–Belisol
* Omega Pharma–Quick-Step
* Project 1t4i*
* Rabobank
* RusVelo*
* Saur–Sojasun*
* SpiderTech–C10*
* Team Europcar*
* Team Katusha
* Team NetApp*
* Team Sky
* Team Type 1–Sanofi*
* Topsport Vlaanderen–Mercator*
* Vacansoleil–DCM

## Pre-race favourites

Pre-race favourites included:
* Tom Boonen (BEL) – 2005 UCI World Road Race Champion, 3 time Paris–Roubaix Champion, 2 time Tour of Flanders Champion
* Philippe Gilbert (BEL) – 2 time Giro di Lombardia Champion, 2010 Amstel Gold Race Champion, 2 time Omloop Het Nieuwsblad Champion
* Juan Antonio Flecha (ESP) – 2010 Omloop Het Nieuwsblad Champion, 2011 Omloop Het Nieuwsblad Runner-up
* Greg Van Avermaet (BEL)
* Matti Breschel (DEN)
* Heinrich Haussler (AUS)

## Results

| | Cyclist | Team | Time |
| 1 | Sep Vanmarcke (BEL) | Garmin–Barracuda | 4h 52' 34" |
| 2 | Tom Boonen (BEL) | Omega Pharma–Quick-Step | s.t. |
| 3 | Juan Antonio Flecha (ESP) | Team Sky | s.t. |
| 4 | Heinrich Haussler (AUS) | Garmin–Barracuda | + 25" |
| 5 | Greg Van Avermaet (BEL) | BMC Racing Team | + 25" |
| 6 | Marco Marcato (ITA) | Vacansoleil–DCM | + 25" |
| 7 | Lloyd Mondory (FRA) | Ag2r–La Mondiale | + 25" |
| 8 | Matthieu Ladagnous (FRA) | FDJ–BigMat | + 25" |
| 9 | Alexandre Pichot (FRA) | Team Europcar | + 25" |
| 10 | Staf Scheirlinckx (BEL) | Accent.jobs–Willems Veranda's | + 25" |
# Department of Defence Production

The Department of Defence Production was an Australian government department that existed between May 1951 and April 1958.

## Scope

Information about the department's functions and government funding allocation could be found in the Administrative Arrangements Orders, the annual Portfolio Budget Statements and in the Department's annual reports.
The Department was created with responsibility for the manufacture and supply of munitions (armaments, ammunition, weapons, machine tools, war chemicals, radar), aircraft production and defence production planning.

## Structure

The Department was a Commonwealth Public Service department, staffed by officials who were responsible to the Minister for Defence Production.
# 2014 IPC Swimming European Championships – Men's 50 metre butterfly

The Men's 50 metre butterfly at the 2014 IPC Swimming European Championships was held at the Pieter van den Hoogenband Swimming Stadium, in Eindhoven from 4–10 August.

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Gold | Silver | Silver | Bronze | Bronze |
| S5 | Andrew Mullen Great Britain | 37.66 ER | Beytullah Eroglu Turkey | 38.18 | Andrea Castagneto Italy | 40.76 |
| S6 | Sascha Kindred Great Britain | 32.71 | Sergey Klyagin Russia | 33.41 | Sebastian Iwanow Germany | 36.71 |
| S7 | Yevheniy Bohodayko Ukraine | 30.13 | Andriy Kozlenko Ukraine | 33.04 | Valerio Taras Italy | 33.76 |