OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Archibald Archer

Archibald Archer M.L.A., J.P., (18 March 1820 – 6 February 1902) was a Queensland politician, a Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, and Treasurer of Queensland. He was one of the Archer brothers, an early Queensland pioneering family.

## Personal life

Archibald Archer was born in Fife, Scotland on 18 March 1820, the son of William Archer, of Larvik, Norway. At age 5, Archer went with his father to Norway and was educated in Norway. Later he spent five years in an engineering establishment in Scotland. Archer emigrated to Australia, where he arrived in 1842, but stayed only five months, subsequently spending thirteen years in the South Sea and Sandwich Islands. In the latter he was engaged on coffee and sugar plantations.
Returning to Queensland in 1860, Archer began residence at Gracemere station.
In 1896, Archer left Australia and died at the family's Norwegian estate, Tolderedden, Larvik, Norway on 6 February 1902 aged 81 years.

## Public life

Archer was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland as the member for Rockhampton from 27 July 1867 to 19 November 1869, during which he assisted with passing the Land Act of 1868.
On 28 November 1878, Archer was elected again to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland as the member for the Electoral district of Blackall which title he possessed until 23 January 1886. During this term, he was Treasurer and Secretary for Public Instruction in the first Thomas McIlwraith Government from 5 January 1882 to 13 November 1883.
On 5 May 1888, Archer was elected again to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland as the member for Rockhampton (again) which he held until 4 April 1896. Archer was a strong advocate of the subdivision of Queensland. In 1892 Mr. Archer visited England in company with John Ferguson as a deputation on behalf of the Central Queensland Territorial Separation League.
# Aristeguietia

Aristeguietia is a genus of about 21 species of flowering plants in the tribe Eupatorieae of the family Asteraceae. It is found from Colombia to southern Peru, with one species in Chile.

## Species

* Aristeguietia arborea (Kunth) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia ballii (Oliv.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia buddleaefolia (Benth.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia buddleifolia (Benth.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia cacalioides (Kunth) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia chimborazensis (Hieron.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia cursonii (B.L.Rob.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia dielsii (B.L.Rob.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia diplodictyon (B.L.Rob.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia discolor (DC.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia gascae (B.L.Rob.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia gayana (Wedd.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia glutinosa (Lam.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia lamiifolia (Kunth) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia persicifolia (Kunth) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia pseudarborea (Hieron.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia salvia (Colla) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia tahonensis (Hieron.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia tatamensis (B.L.Rob.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
* Aristeguietia uribei R.M.King & H.Rob.
# Ariel's Grotto

Ariel's Grotto is a meet-and-greet area at several Disney parks, as well as a former restaurant in Disney California Adventure based on Disney's 1989 animated film The Little Mermaid.

## Disneyland

This was formerly a colorful grotto in which Ariel, in mermaid form, was available for autographs and photo opportunities. The meet-and-greet area was decorated with starfish, coral, and waterfalls. King Triton's Fountain leading to the grotto featured a soft-surface "sandy beach" play zone dotted with jumping fountains. On August 17, 2008, the area officially closed. It has now been re-themed to Pixie Hollow, a Disney Fairies meet-and-greet attraction amid oversized 'plants' which gives guests the sense of being the size of a fairy.
The King Triton statue that once spouted water into the ponds was moved to the rooftop of Ariel's Undersea Adventure in Disney California Adventure and is a part of the decor.

## Magic Kingdom

In April 2010, the Ariel's Grotto attraction at Magic Kingdom was closed. It reopened as part of the New Fantasyland expansion along with the ride Under the Sea ~ Journey of the Little Mermaid. The similar meet-and-greet sits beside this attraction. It is in a cave, next to Prince Eric's Castle, surrounded by waterfalls and large rock formations. This iteration of the meet-and-greet closed in March 2020 due to the Coronavirus pandemic, and reopened on January 22, 2023.

## Disney California Adventure

Ariel's Grotto was an "under the sea" themed restaurant that offered Character Dining. This gave guests an opportunity to dine with Ariel and other Disney Princesses. The restaurant was located on Paradise Pier, and featured American, Healthy Selections, and Vegetarian cuisine. On January 8, 2018, Ariel's Grotto closed to make way for the Lamplight Lounge, a restaurant that opened with Pixar Pier on June 23, 2018.

## Tokyo DisneySea

Ariel's Greeting Grotto was a character meet-and-greet attraction. Originally scheduled to close on March 31, 2020, it was early closed on January 31, 2020, in response to the coronavirus outbreak. However, on September 29, 2020, it was "reopened" inside Mermaid Lagoon Theater as a socially distanced greeting with Ariel in her mermaid form.
# Aristotelia mesoxysta

Aristotelia mesoxysta is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1913. It is found in Tunisia.
# Aristotelia lindanella

Aristotelia lindanella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by William Barnes and August Busck in 1920. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from California.
The wingspan is 10–11 mm. The forewings are yellowish white with the extreme base of the costa black. There is a broad blackish-brown transverse fascia at the basal third, slightly nearer the base at the costa than on the dorsal edge. A similar broader fascia is found at the apical third, strongly overlaid with brick red on the dorsal half and touching on the dorsal edge a third broad fascia across the tip of the wing, which is nearly all brick red with only the costal end blackish brown. The tip of the wing is white with a few scattered brown scales. The hindwings are light whitish fuscous.
# Argobba Bari

Argobba Bari, more commonly known as Argob Bari meaning "Argobba gate" is one of five ancient gates of Harar, Ethiopia. This gate is also known as the gate of compassion. The gate, which is now located in the eastern part of the Old City, was named in memory of the Argobba people who fled from Ifat during their conflict with Abyssinia in the fifteenth century and settled outside the town of the lowlands in Aw Abdal.
# Arkansas Razorbacks women's golf

The Arkansas Razorback women's golf team represents the University of Arkansas in the sport of golf. The Razorbacks compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC). They play their home events on the Blessings Golf Course near the Fayetteville, Arkansas campus. They are coached by Shauna Estes-Taylor.

## Team history

The Razorback women's golf team began in 1996–97 when Director of Women's Athletics Bev Lewis, added the program for the then-separate Women's Athletics Department. Since that time, Arkansas has made 12 NCAA Regional appearances and six NCAA Championship appearances. The Razorbacks' most famous alum is LPGA Tour member Stacy Lewis.

## All-American

Four Razorback women's golfers have earned 10 Duramed Futures Tour National Golf Coaches Association All-America honors. They include Stacy Lewis (2005 1st team, 2006 Hon. Mention, 2007 1st team, 2008 1st team), Amanda McCurdy (2006 Hon. Mention), Kelli Shean (2010 2nd team, 2011 Hon. Mention), and Emily Tubert (2011 1st team, 2012 1st team, 2013 Hon. Mention).

### All-Southeastern Conference

Eight Arkansas Razorback women's golf team members have been honored by the Southeastern Conference:
Emma Lavy
* 2011 SEC All-Freshman Team
Stacy Lewis
* 2005 First-Team
* 2005 Freshman of the Year
* 2005 All-Freshman Team
* 2006 First-Team
* 2007 First-Team
* 2008 First-Team
* 2008 SEC Golfer of the Year
* 2008 Golf Scholar-Athlete of the Year
* 2008 H. Boyd McWhorter Scholar-Athlete
Gaby López
* 2013 Second-Team
* 2013 SEC All-Freshman Team
Amanda McCurdy
* 2004 Second-Team
* 2005 Second-Team
* 2006 First-Team
Lucy Nunn
* 2009 Second-Team
Regina Plasencia
* 2013 SEC All-Freshman Team
Kelli Shean
* 2008 All Freshman Team
* 2010 First-Team
* 2011 Second-Team
Emily Tubert
* 2011 First-Team
* 2011 SEC Co-Freshman of the Year
* 2011 SEC All-Freshman Team
* 2012 First-Team
* 2013 First-Team

## Coaching staff

Shauna Estes-Taylor became the head coach in 2007. Other Razorback head coaches include Sue Ertl (1994–96); Ulrika (Fisher) Belline (1996–2002); and Kelley Hester (2002–07).
# Armenian Distance Learning Network

Armenian Distance Learning Network (ADLN) is the first Armenian e-learning project. The project was launched in early 2002 and was restructured and updated in January, 2006. ADLN courses are business based and target Armenian speaking users of the Internet. The project was designed as a contribution to the development of Armenian beginner entrepreneurs who wish to be involved in the growth of e-business in Armenia as well as the country’s general e-growth. The web-page language is Armenian; the system is based on a course management system - Moodle.

## History

The e-project ADLN was the first step to develop an e-learning community in Armenia and form a positive attitude towards the phenomenon. First e-course implemented by ADLN was entitled “Electronic Commerce”. The course materials were based on the first e-commerce book in Armenian Language “E-commerce” (2004) written by Albert Poghosyan. Fifty participants from all over Armenia were involved in the course, which offered also after course consultation opportunities if the participants express a desire to develop their own e-projects. After the graduation, the participants received a certificate together with the upper mentioned book. The second e-course that attracted more than 150 participants was entitled “Electronic Marketing” (2006). ADLN had 60 graduates that completed the whole learning and assessment process. The third e-course entitled “PR in the new era of communication” is in the process of development. All courses are conducted only in Armenian, thus the course development and adaptation process is considered to be of high importance. The system is connected to the Armenian Electronic Payment System - EDram, as well as international on-line & credit card payment systems thus the users are able to register both – on-line and off-line. System tools of the ADLN system are:
* Learning Content
* Learner Content
* Administrative Content
* Assessment
* Forum
* Chat
* Library
* E-course additional resources
* Calendar – individual scheduling
* On-line support
* Feedback
# Armengol Ondo Nguema

Armengol Ondo Nguema (born 3 February 1970) is the younger brother of Equatoguinean President Teodoro Obiang, as well as the head of the president's Israeli-trained security detail.
He was, until recently, the head of national security. He may have been forced to retire from this position due to his business links to Nick du Toit, who was a leading figure in an abortive coup d'etat in 2004. Nguema shares ownership of Triple Options, a security company with du Toit. The president's son and likely heir, Teodorín Nguema Obiang, reportedly attacked his uncle after discovering the link. Armengol also owns vast properties in Virginia. He is bitterly opposed to the succession of his nephew to the presidency, and presents himself as a stalking horse contender. He has been suspected to be heavily involved in the many human rights abuses that occur in Equatorial Guinea,
# Army of the Grisons

The Army of the Grisons (Armée des Grisons) was a field army of the French Revolutionary Army. Its commander-in-chief from 5 October 1800 to 1 April 1801 was Etienne-Jacques-Joseph-Alexandre Macdonald, during which time it operated as the hinge between the Army of Italy under Brune and the Army of the Rhine under Jean Moreau, crossing the Splügen (4 December) and capturing Trento (6 January).

## Operational history

The Army of Grisons was formed between the Army of Italy and the Army of the Rhine. Its first taste of combat occurred in December 1800, when they crossed the Alps, opposing Austrian Forces. The First Consul, Napoleon, also crossing the Alps, ordered that General Macdonald thrust forwards and occupy Austrian Tyrol. The march was slow, with 12,000 men making it though in 4 columns. It almost ended in disaster however. A wave of snow and ice fell upon the army when the last column was making it though. But Macdonald, following Napoleon's orders, moved on and encountered Austrian Forces at Mincio and routed them, turning back the frontier. They moved on to Trento, not yet forcing the Austrians out of Tryol. After the Battle of Hohenlinden, the Army was shortly disbanded in 1801 to later form part of the Grande Armée.
# Arrow Division

The Arrow Division was the military division of the North Sumatra branch of the Indonesian Christian Party during the Indonesian National Revolution. The division was established shortly after the independence of Indonesia to anticipate the incoming Dutch Army. The division was active in Tapanuli. The division became well known in Pematangsiantar due to the divisions' all out defense against the massive Dutch army that managed to broke through the fortifications of Medan Area Lembung.
# Arthrobacter globiformis

Arthrobacter globiformis is a Gram-positive bacterium species from the genus of Arthrobacter.

## Description and Significance

Arthrobacter globiformis was first discovered by H. J. Conn in 1928. This bacteria was initially found in large quantities in various types of soil. They start as Gram-negative rods before becoming Gram-positive cocci over time. They may also become large, oval-shaped cells called cystite by growing them in very high carbon to nitrogen ratio environments. These bacteria have cell walls that contain polysaccharides (with monomers glucose, galactose, and rhamnose), peptidoglycan, and phosphorus. They may also have flagella as well. Notably, A. globiformis and its antigens and proteins are commercially available for use in research, food production, biodegradation, and water/wastewater treatment.

## Metabolism

A. globiformis can break down substances in the soil such as agricultural chemicals, chromium, etc. They are primarily aerobic, but they can survive anaerobically using lactate, acetate, and ethanol producing fermentation for growth. Most are heterotrophic, meaning they cannot produce their own food. The choline oxidase activity of A. globiformis has been extensively characterized and is important for the production of glycine betaine, one of the few soluble osmotic regulators used by most cells.

## Genome and Genetics

The complete genome of A. globiformis has been sequenced using whole-genome shotgun sequencing. The genomes of three strains are available for public use. The genome is approximately 4.89 million base pairs long, containing 4305 proteins and a 66.1% GC content. Two major phylogenetic clades exist within the Arthrobacter genus, the A. globiformis/A. citreus group and the A. nicotianae group. These two clades differ mainly in their peptidoglycan structure, teichoic acid content, and lipid composition.
# Arrow, Kentucky

Arrow is an unincorporated community and defunct coal town in Pike County, Kentucky, United States.
# ArrowLine Chinese Radio

ArrowLine Chinese Radio, AM 1269 (Chinese name: 南非華夏之聲廣播電台), was a Chinese radio station based in Johannesburg, South Africa since 2011. Following the closure of Overseas Chinese Radio, it became the only Chinese language radio station in South Africa. The station broadcast much of its content from China Radio International, the state-owned broadcaster in the People's Republic of China.
# Artem Voronin

Artem Voronin (born July 22, 1991) is a Russian professional ice hockey forward. He is currently an unrestricted free agent. He first played with HC Spartak Moscow in the Kontinental Hockey League during the 2010–11 KHL season.
# Arnie Kaye

Arnie Kaye was a local businessman in Westport, Connecticut US. He was known for his battles with the town in establishing a video arcade in the same town. He died in 2003. The arcade, Arnie's Place, was built in 1982, and closed on Sunday September 18, 1994. Kaye was known for his abrasive, unconventional tactics in responding to resistance from local town people, and the city council, when he first proposed to open the arcade. In addition to making threats to open less desirable establishments in its stead, he gathered support by attracting the attention of local and national media, and at times employed the Hells Angels in order to attract attention and threaten local sensibilities. The arcade survived for 12 years, and had a unique architecture, and balance of classic and contemporary arcade and amusement games. Arnie's Place also had a pool hall attached, and in the late 1980s also added an adjacent ice cream parlor, complete with animatronic ice cream cone characters, and other characters.
Kaye also built, on a neighboring property, the New York-style International Deli. The architecture of the delicatessen was in the same style as the neighboring arcade. Kaye attracted similar media attention during his battle for a liquor license for the deli. Kaye lost a 1991 lawsuit against RJR Nabisco, then owner of the A.1. Sauce trademark, when his deli sold a sauce known as "A.2. Sauce."
Kaye's commitment to these establishments resulted in his gaining a certain level of fame and notoriety, as well as ultimately being known by many in the New York metro as having created one of the most long-lasting, and quintessential American video arcades.
# Arsenault

Arsenault is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Adrien Arsenault (1889–1941), Canadian politician
* Adrienne Arsenault (born 1967), Canadian journalist
* Angela Arsenault, American politician
* Angèle Arsenault (1943–2014), Canadian-Acadian musician
* Aubin-Edmond Arsenault (1870–1968), Canadian politician
* Bona Arsenault (1903–1993), Canadian politician
* Damien Arsenault (born 1960), Canadian politician
* Daniel Arsenault, American photographer
* Duncan Arsenault (born 1974), American musician
* Frank Arsenault (1919–1974), American percussionist
* Joseph F. H. Arsenault (1866–1946), Canadian politician
* Joseph-Félix Arsenault (1865–1947), Canadian politician
* Joseph-Octave Arsenault (1828–1897), Canadian politician
* Mary-Anne Arsenault (born 1968), Canadian curler
* Nina Arsenault (born 1974), Canadian transgender writer
* Nérée Arsenault (1911-1982), Canadian politician
* Pierre Arsenault (born 1963), American baseball coach
* Prosper Arsenault (1894–1987), Canadian politician
* Raymond Arsenault (born 1948), American historian
* Samantha Arsenault (born 1981), American swimmer
* Télésphore Arsenault (1872–1964), Canadian politician
* Wilfred Arsenault (1953-2011), Canadian politician
# Arsenault-Cameron v Prince Edward Island

Arsenault-Cameron v Prince Edward Island, [2000] 1 S.C.R. 3, 2000 SCC 1, is a landmark Supreme Court of Canada decision on minority language rights. The Court found that the numbers of Francophone children in Summerside, Prince Edward Island warranted French-language education in Summerside, under section 23 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and the province was constitutionally obligated to create a French language school.

## Background

A number of Francophone families living in Summerside made a request to the French Language Board to build a French-language school in the community rather than bus the children to the closest French school 57 minutes away. The Board made a proposal to the Minister, which was rejected.
The family applied for a declaration against the province to build a school in Summerside. At trial, the declaration was granted, but was overturned on appeal.
In the decision of Arsenault-Cameron v. Prince Edward Island, [1999] 3 S.C.R. 851, prior to the language rights hearing, the counsel for the government sought to have Bastarache recuse himself for reasonable apprehension of bias due to his history of championing the French language. In an application to Bastarache, he held that he was not biased to hear the case, and so did not recuse himself.

## Opinion of the Court

Major and Bastarache, writing for a unanimous court, applied a purposive interpretation to section 23 of the Charter. He found that the purpose of the right is to redress past injustices and provide "an official language minority with equal access to high quality education in its own language in circumstances where community development will be enhanced."
# Arthur Bailly-Blanchard

Arthur Bailly-Blanchard (October 1, 1855 - August 25, 1925) sometimes written Arthur Bailey-Blanchard was an American diplomat. He was the American ambassador to Haiti from 1914 to 1921. He was born on October 1, 1855, in New Orleans, Louisiana, to T. Bailly-Blanchard Jr. and Jeanne Eliza Field.
In 1900 he was appointed the third secretary at the embassy in Paris, France. He was the American ambassador to Haiti from 1914 to 1921. He was ambassador during turbulent times in the history of Haiti, arriving there on a US battleship.
He died on August 25, 1925, at the Mount Royal Hotel in Montreal.
# Arthur Fraser Walter

Arthur Fraser Walter (12 September 1846 – 10 August 1910) was an English newspaper owner and publisher, chief proprietor of The Times from 1894 until 1908.

## Early life

Born on 12 September 1846, Walter was the second son of John Walter, the third of the name to edit The Times since it was established in 1785. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford (1866–1869), where he played for the Oxford University Cricket Club. In 1870 he entered Lincoln's Inn to study law, and in 1874 was called to the bar as a barrister, but never practised. On 28 July 1847, the second John Walter, Arthur's grandfather, died, and his father the third John Walter succeeded to the management of The Times.

## Career

Arthur Walter made agreements with American firms to sell the Encyclopædia Britannica and was also responsible for establishing the Times Book Club.
Walter's father died on 3 November 1894 and he became the new chief proprietor of The Times. He remained so until 1908, when the newspaper was converted into a company, and he was the first chairman of the board of directors of the company that bought the newspaper.
Walter was also a Lieutenant Colonel of Volunteers, a Director of the London & Southwestern Railway, High Steward of Wokingham, and a member of the Travellers' and Union Clubs.

## Private life

On 15 October 1872, Walter married Henrietta Maria Anson, eldest daughter of Rev. Thomas Anchitel Anson.
Walter died on 10 August 1910.
His great granddaughter is the actress Harriet Walter.