OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1910 LSU Tigers football team

The 1910 LSU Tigers football team represented Louisiana State University (LSU) as a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) during the 1910 college football season. John W. Mayhew in his second and final season as head coach, the Tigers compiled an overall record of 1–5 with a mark of 1–3 in SIAA play.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 15 | Mississippi College | State FieldBaton Rouge, LA | W 40–0 |
| October 21 | vs. Mississippi A&M | Columbus FairgroundsColumbus, MS (rivalry) | L 0–3 |
| October 29 | vs. Sewanee | Pelican ParkNew Orleans, LA | L 5–31 |
| November 5 | at Vanderbilt | Dudley FieldNashville, TN | L 0–22 |
| November 19 | at Texas* | Clark FieldAustin, TX | L 0–12 |
| November 24 | vs. Arkansas* | West End ParkLittle Rock, AR (rivalry) | L 0–51 |
| *Non-conference game |||||

## Roster

| No. | Player | Position | Height | Weight | Hometown | High School |
| - | C. P. Bond | Halfback | - | - | - | - |
| - | Lawrence H. Dupont | - | - | - | Houma, LA | - |
| - | W. Morton Evans | End, Halfback | - | - | Baton Rouge, LA | - |
| - | Marshall L. Gosserand | - | - | - | New Roads, LA | - |
| - | J. O. Hall | - | - | - | Lake Charles, LA | - |
| - | M. R. Hammond | - | - | - | Jennings, LA | - |
| - | Michael F. Lally | Halfback | - | - | Jessup, PA | - |
| - | C. Y. Martin | Guard | - | - | Bowie, LA | - |
| - | Barney G. McHenry | - | - | - | Monroe, LA | - |
| - | William M. Pollock | - | - | - | Bernice, LA | - |
| - | John H. Potts | End | - | - | Baton Rouge, LA | - |
| - | Charles S. Reily | Tackle | - | - | Clinton, LA | - |
| - | John J. Seip | End | - | - | Allentown, PA | - |
| - | Arthur J. Thomas | - | - | - | Baton Rouge, LA | - |
Roster from Fanbase.com
# 1923–24 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team

The 1923–24 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team represented Washington State College for the 1923–24 college basketball season. Led by sixteenth-year head coach Fred Bohler, the Cougars were members of the Pacific Coast Conference and played their home games on campus in Pullman, Washington.
The Cougars were 17–11 overall in the regular season and 3–7 in conference play, fifth in the Northern division.
# 1924 LFF Lyga

The 1924 LFF Lyga was the 3rd season of the LFF Lyga football competition in Lithuania. It was contested by 10 teams, and Kovas Kaunas won the championship.

## Kaunas Group

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Kovas Kaunas | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 15 | 5 | +10 | 9 |
| 2 | LFLS Kaunas | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 17 | 8 | +9 | 8 |
| 3 | KSK Kaunas | 6 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 12 | 17 | −5 | 4 |
| 4 | Makabi Kaunas | 6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 19 | −14 | 3 |

## Klaipėda Group

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Sportverein Klaipėda | 5 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 7 | +9 | 8 |
| 2 | MTV Klaipėda | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 14 | 10 | +4 | 6 |
| 3 | MTV Šilutė | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 8 | −1 | 6 |
| 4 | Freya Klaipėda | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 15 | −4 | 6 |
| 5 | Spielvereiningung Klaipėda | 5 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 17 | 12 | +5 | 4 |
| 6 | Šarūnas Klaipėda | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 6 | 19 | −13 | 0 |

## Final

* Kovas Kaunas 2-1 Sportverein Klaipėda
# 1917–18 Madrid FC season

The 1917–18 season was Madrid Football Club's 16th season in existence. The club played some friendly matches. They also played in the Campeonato Regional Centro (Central Regional Championship) and the Copa del Rey.

## Players

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| — | GK | ESP | Eduardo Teus |
| — | DF | ESP | Cordero |
| — | DF | ESP | Juan de Manzanedo |
| — | MF | ESP | José María Castell |
| — | MF | ESP | Feliciano Rey |
| — | MF | ESP | Alberto Machimbarrena |
| — | MF | ARG | Eulogio Aranguren |
| — | MF | ESP | Joaquín Caruncho |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| — | MF | ESP | Juan Caballero |
| — | FW | ESP | Fernando Muguiro |
| — | FW | ESP | Ricardo Álvarez |
| — | FW | ESP | Juan Monjardín |
| — | FW | ESP | Antonio de Miguel |
| — | FW | ESP | Manuel Posada |
| — | FW | ESP | José María Sansinenea |
| — | FW | ESP | Santiago Bernabéu |
Source:

## Competitions
### Overview

| Competition | First match | Last match | Starting round | Final position | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record |
| Competition | First match | Last match | Starting round | Final position | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % |
| Campeonato Regional Centro | 11 November 1917 | 3 March 1918 | Matchday 1 | Winners | 6 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 8 | +5 | 083.33 |
| Copa del Rey | 8 April 1918 | 12 May 1918 | Quarterfinals | Runners-up | 6 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 7 | +2 | 066.67 |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | Total | 12 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 22 | 15 | +7 | 075.00 |
Source: Competitions

### Campeonato Regional Centro
#### League table

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 1 | Madrid (C, Q) | 6 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 8 | +5 | 10 | Qualification for the Copa del Rey. |
| 2 | Athletic Madrid | 6 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 16 | 10 | +6 | 8 | |
| 3 | Racing Madrid | 6 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 6 | |
| 4 | Stadium (R) | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 8 | 19 | −11 | 0 | Qualification for the relegation play-offs |
# 1923 East Tennessee State Normal football team

The 1923 East Tennessee State Normal School football team was an American football team that represented East Tennessee State Normal School—now known as East Tennessee State University (ETSU)—as an independent in the 1923 college football season. They were led by second-year head coach James Karl Luck. The 1923 season was considered one of the worst seasons in school history as the team suffered five losses by a margin of 38 points or greater, including a 108–0 blowout at the hands of King. The season marked the first time the team played Tennessee, albeit the freshmen team, losing 49–7.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 13 | at Concord | Princeton, WV | L 0–32 |
| October 20 | at Emory and Henry | Emory, VA | L 0–45 |
| October 30 | at King | Tenneva FieldBristol, TN | L 0–108 |
| November 3 | Lincoln Memorial | Johnson City, TN | W 26–19 |
| November 10 | Athens | Johnson City, TN | L 13–20 |
| November 17 | Tennessee freshmen | Johnson City, TN | L 7–49 |
| November 23 | Maryville (TN) | Maryville, TN | L 0–72 |
| November 29 | Tusculum | Johnson City, TN | W 13–0 |
| December 1 | Johnson City All-Stars | Johnson City, TN | W 46–0 |
# 1937 Indiana Hoosiers football team

The 1937 Indiana Hoosiers football team represented the Indiana Hoosiers in the 1937 Big Ten Conference football season. The Hoosiers played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Bloomington, Indiana. The team was coached by Bo McMillin, in his fourth year as head coach of the Hoosiers. Corbett Davis was selected as the team's most valuable player and also won the Chicago Tribune Silver Football as the most valuable player in the Big Ten Conference.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Rank | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 24 | Centre | | Memorial StadiumBloomington, IN | W 12–0 | |
| October 9 | at Minnesota | | Memorial StadiumMinneapolis, MN | L 0–6 | 35,000 |
| October 16 | Illinois | | Memorial StadiumBloomington, IN (rivalry) | W 13–6 | 17,000 |
| October 23 | Cincinnati* | | Memorial StadiumBloomington, IN | W 27–0 | |
| October 30 | at No. 11 Nebraska* | | Memorial StadiumLincoln, NE | L 0–7 | |
| November 6 | at No. 8 Ohio State | | Ohio StadiumColumbus, OH | W 10–0 | 47,056 |
| November 13 | at Iowa | No. 17 | Iowa StadiumIowa City, IA | W 3–0 | |
| November 20 | Purdue | No. 20 | Memorial StadiumBloomington, IN (Old Oaken Bucket) | L 7–13 | 25,000 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from AP Poll released prior to the game |||||||

## 1938 NFL draftees

| Player | Position | Round | Pick | NFL club |
| Corbett Davis | Back | 1 | 1 | Cleveland Rams |
| Frank Filchock | Back | 2 | 14 | Pittsburgh Pirates |
| Jim Sirtosky | Guard | 9 | 76 | Detroit Lions |
| Bob Kenderdine | End | 11 | 95 | Chicago Cardinals |
# 1931 Saint Mary's Gaels football team

The 1931 Saint Mary's Gaels football team was an American football team that represented Saint Mary's College of California during the 1931 college football season. In their 11th season under head coach Slip Madigan, the Gaels compiled an 8–2 record and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 119 to 65. The Gaels' victories included a 13–7 besting of USC, a 14–0 besting of California, a 16–0 victory over Oregon, and a 7–2 victory over Southwest Conference champion SMU. The lone setbacks were losses to the Olympic Club (0–10) and UCLA (0–12).
Halfback Bud Toscani and guard Bill Fisher were selected by both the Associated Press and the United Press as first-team players on the 1931 All-Pacific Coast football team.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 26 | at USC | Los Angeles Memorial ColiseumLos Angeles, CA | W 13–7 | 70,000 |
| October 3 | at California | California Memorial StadiumBerkeley, CA | W 14–0 | 70,000 |
| October 11 | West Coast Army | Kezar StadiumSan Francisco, CA | W 21–7 | 30,000 |
| October 17 | San Francisco | Kezar StadiumSan Francisco, CA | W 14–6 | 50,000 |
| October 25 | Gonzaga | Kezar StadiumSan Francisco, CA | W 13–7 | 7,000 |
| November 1 | Santa Clara | Kezar StadiumSan Francisco, CA | W 21–14 | 55,000 |
| November 8 | Olympic Club | Kezar StadiumSan Francisco, CA | L 0–10 | 25,000 |
| November 11 | at UCLA | Los Angeles Memorial ColiseumLos Angeles, CA | L 0–12 | 50,000 |
| November 26 | Oregon | Kezar StadiumSan Francisco, CA (rivalry) | W 16–0 | 20,000 |
| December 5 | SMU | Kezar StadiumSan Francisco, CA | W 7–2 | 50,000 |
# 1935–36 Washington Huskies men's basketball team

The 1935–36 Washington Huskies men's basketball team represented the University of Washington for the 1935–36 NCAA college basketball season. Led by sixteenth-year head coach Hec Edmundson, the Huskies were members of the Pacific Coast Conference and played their home games on campus at the UW Pavilion in Seattle, Washington.
The Huskies were 21–4 overall in the regular season and 13–3 in conference play; first in the Northern division. Washington traveled to Stanford for the conference playoff series and were swept in two games.
In the Olympic Trials soon after the season, the Huskies were 4–1.
The National Invitation Tournament (NIT) debuted in 1938, and the NCAA tournament in 1939.

## Postseason results

| Date time, TV | Opponent | Result | Record | Site (attendance) city, state |
| Pacific Coast Conference Playoff Series |||||
| Fri, March 13 | vs. Stanford Game One | L 39–60 | 21–5 | Civic Auditorium San Francisco, California |
| Sat, March 14 | at Stanford Game Two | L 38–48 | 21–6 | Stanford Pavilion Stanford, California |
| *Non-conference game. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses. All times are in Pacific time. |||||
# 1945–46 Allsvenskan (men's handball)

The 1945–46 Allsvenskan was the 12th season of the top division of Swedish handball. 10 teams competed in the league. Redbergslids IK won the league, but the title of Swedish Champions was awarded to the winner of Svenska mästerskapet. IFK Lidingö and IFK Malmö were relegated.

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Redbergslids IK | 18 | 12 | 3 | 3 | 217 | 166 | 51 | 27 |
| 2 | Ystads IF | 18 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 162 | 124 | 38 | 26 |
| 3 | Majornas IK | 18 | 11 | 3 | 4 | 212 | 172 | 40 | 25 |
| 4 | SoIK Hellas | 18 | 8 | 2 | 8 | 165 | 179 | −14 | 18 |
| 5 | IFK Karlskrona | 18 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 205 | 181 | 24 | 17 |
| 6 | IK Göta | 18 | 6 | 4 | 8 | 170 | 175 | −5 | 16 |
| 7 | Västerås IK | 18 | 6 | 4 | 8 | 175 | 190 | −15 | 16 |
| 8 | Västerås HF | 18 | 6 | 3 | 9 | 165 | 185 | −20 | 15 |
| 9 | IFK Lidingö | 18 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 146 | 181 | −35 | 11 |
| 10 | IFK Malmö | 18 | 4 | 1 | 13 | 145 | 209 | −64 | 9 |

## Attendance

| Team | Attendance |
| Redbergslids IK | 3576 |
| Majornas IK | 3407 |
| SoIK Hellas | 1257 |
| IFK Malmö | 1250 |
| IFK Lidingö | 1097 |
| IK Göta | 1083 |
| IFK Karlskrona | 1036 |
| Ystads IF | 1016 |
| Västerås HF | 957 |
| Västerås IK | 897 |
# 1945–46 BSC Young Boys season

The 1945–46 season was the 46th season in the history of Berner Sport Club Young Boys. The team played their home games at Stadion Wankdorf in Bern.

## Players

* Maurice Glur
* Hans Flühmann
* Louis Gobet
* Albert Stoll
* Ernst Giacometti
* Eugène Walaschek
* Fritz Knecht
* Hans Blaser
* Walter Streun
* Hans Trachsel
* Klossner

## Friendlies

Win  Draw  Loss

## Competitions
### Overall record

| Competition | First match | Last match | Starting round | Final position | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record |
| Competition | First match | Last match | Starting round | Final position | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % |
| Nationalliga A | 9 September 1945 | 23 June 1946 | Matchday 1 | 12th | 26 | 8 | 6 | 12 | 42 | 49 | −7 | 030.77 |
| Swiss Cup | 25 November 1945 | 7 April 1946 | 3th principal round | Semi-finals | 5 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 5 | +6 | 080.00 |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | Total | 31 | 12 | 6 | 13 | 53 | 54 | −1 | 038.71 |
Source: Competitions

### Nationalliga A
#### League table

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 10 | FC Bern | 26 | 9 | 7 | 10 | 36 | 44 | −8 | 25 | |
| 11 | FC Grenchen | 26 | 8 | 7 | 11 | 34 | 34 | 0 | 23 | |
| 12 | BSC Young Boys | 26 | 8 | 6 | 12 | 42 | 49 | −7 | 22 | |
| 13 | FC La Chaux-de-Fonds | 26 | 6 | 6 | 14 | 32 | 70 | −38 | 18 | Relegated |
| 14 | FC Zürich | 26 | 5 | 6 | 15 | 31 | 43 | −12 | 16 | Relegated |
# 1948 French Grand Prix

The 1948 French Grand Prix was a Grand Prix motor race, held at Reims on 18 July 1948. The race was won by Jean-Pierre Wimille, driving an Alfa Romeo 158.

## Report

Official practice was held in very wet conditions. In spite of this Jean-Pierre Wimille was able to set a time of 2:35.2, not far from the record set in 1939 in dry conditions, nearly 10 seconds faster than Alberto Ascari and nearly 20 seconds faster than the fastest non-Alfa Romeo, Philippe Étancelin's Talbot-Lago.
As expected, the three Alfa Romeos lead at the start from the Talbot-Lagos. However, Luigi Villoresi's Maserati, which started from near the back of the grid, quickly moved up into third place ahead of Consalvo Sanesi in the third of the Alfas. Villoresi was starting to challenge Ascari for second place when forced to pit for what would be the first of many mechanical issues. This allowed Alfa Romeo to take an easy 1-2-3 win, two laps ahead of the best Talbot-Lago. Although Wimille and Ascari would swap for the lead a few times, mostly as a result of pitstops, they finished in the order decided by team manager Giovanni Guidotti which required Ascari to slow and allow Sanesi to pass him just before the finish.

## Classification

| Pos | Driver | Car | Laps | Time/Retired | Grid |
| 1 | Jean-Pierre Wimille | Alfa Romeo 158 | 64 | 3:01:07.5 | 1 |
| 2 | Consalvo Sanesi | Alfa Romeo 158 | 64 | + 24.5 | 3 |
| 3 | Alberto Ascari | Alfa Romeo 158 | 64 | + 25.0 | 2 |
| 4 | Franco Comotti | Talbot-Lago T26C | 62 | + 2 laps | 6 |
| 5 | "Georges Raph" | Talbot-Lago T26C | 62 | + 2 laps | 8 |
| 6 | Louis Rosier | Talbot-Lago T26C | 60 | + 4 laps | 10 |
| 7 | Luigi Villoresi Tazio Nuvolari | Maserati 4CLT/48 | 59 | + 5 laps | 16 |
| 8 | Eugène Chaboud | Delahaye 135S | 59 | + 5 laps | 9 |
| 9 | Louis Chiron | Talbot-Lago T26SS | 56 | + 15 laps | 5 |
| 10 | Charles Pozzi | Talbot-Lago T26SS | 45 | + 19 laps | 13 |
| Ret | Juan Manuel Fangio | Simca-Gordini T11 | 41 | Engine | 11 |
| Ret | Nello Pagani | Maserati 4CL | 37 | Oil leak | 19 |
| Ret | Yves Giraud-Cabantous | Talbot-Lago 150C | 31 | Fuel Tank | 7 |
| Ret | Philippe Étancelin | Talbot-Lago T26C | 22 | Engine | 4 |
| Ret | Soave Besana | Ferrari 166SC | 19 | Engine | 14 |
| Ret | Emmanuel de Graffenried | Maserati 4CL | 11 | Oil leak | 15 |
| Ret | John Heath | Alta GP | 7 | Clutch | 18 |
| Ret | Pierre Veyron | Simca Gordini T11 | 5 | Engine | 17 |
| Ret | Raymond Sommer | Maserati 4CM | 2 | Oil pressure | 12 |
| DNP | Eugène Martin | CTA-Arsenal | | Not present | |
| DNP | B. Bira | ERA B-Type | | Not present | |
# Baddest Ruffest

"Baddest Ruffest" is a 2001 song by Backyard Dog. It made No. 15 on the UK Singles Chart, and was used as Coca-Cola's 2002 FIFA World Cup theme in the UK, and in the films Ali G Indahouse and Bend It Like Beckham.
# 4×4 (disambiguation)

4x4 ("Four by four") refers to four-wheel drive.
4x4 or 4×4 may also refer to:

## Film

* 4x4 (1965 film), a Nordic film
* 4x4 (2019 film), an Argentine-Spanish film

## Music

* 4x4 (band), a Ghanaian hip hop group

### Albums

* 4x4 (Carla Bley album), 2000
* 4x4 (Casiopea album), 1982
* 4×4 (Granger Smith EP), 2015
* 4x4, by Gemelli Diversi, 2000

### Songs

* "4x4" (song), by Miley Cyrus, 2013
* "4x4", by Boiler Room, 2001
# Coconut Princess

Coconut Princess is a Chinese cruise ship operated by Hainan Strait Shipping Co. It connects Hainan island with the Paracel Islands. Service began in April 2013 and the trip took 20 hours, but was expected to be reduced to 6 hours by 2 September, with the home port changing from Haikou to Sanya. The cruise lasts four days. It has transported over 3,000 people in over 20 trips. It's the only maritime connection between the islands.
# Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Diaspora Documentary

The Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Diaspora Documentary is an annual merit by the Africa Film Academy to reward the best diaspora documentaries for the year. Prior to the creation of the category in 2011, diaspora documentaries submitted normally compete with African documentaries for the Best Documentary category.
Best Diaspora Documentary :
| Year | Documentary | Recipient | Result |
| 2011 | Stubborn as a Mule | Miller Bargeron Jr & Arcelous Deiels | Won |
| 2011 | Momentum | Zeinabu Irene Davis | Nominated |
| 2011 | If Not Now | Louis Haggart | Nominated |
| 2011 | Motherland | Owen Alik Shahadah | Nominated |
| 2011 | Changement | Chiara Cavallazi | Nominated |
| 2012 | The Education of Auma Obama | | Won |
| 2012 | White Wash | | Nominated |
| 2012 | Almendron Mi Corazon | | Nominated |
| 2012 | All Me: The Life And Times Of Winfred Hubert | | Nominated |
| 2013 | Fan Do Brasil | | Won |
| 2013 | My Thiero Boys | | Nominated |
| 2013 | Red, White, Black And Blue | | Nominated |
| 2014 | Through a Lens Darkly: Black Photographers and the Emergence of a People | | Won |
| 2014 | Finding Samuel Lowe: From Harlem to China | | Nominated |
| 2014 | Freedom Summer | | Nominated |
| 2014 | No Bois Man, No Frad | | Nominated |
| 2015 | The Black Panthers: Vanguard of the Revolution | | Won |
| 2015 | Jimmy Goes To Nollywood | | Nominated |
| 2015 | Bound: Africans Vs African Americans | | Nominated |
| 2015 | Black Panther Woman | | Nominated |
| 2016 | Spirits of Rebellion | | Won |
| 2016 | America’s Blues | | Nominated |
| 2016 | Can You Dig This | | Nominated |
| 2017 | 13th (film) | | Won |
| 2017 | I Am Not Your Negro | | Nominated |
| 2017 | The Vietnam War (TV series) | | Nominated |
| 2017 | Horace Tapscott, Musical Griot | | Nominated |
| 2018 | Barrows: Freedom Fighter | | Won |
| 2018 | I Gotta Be Me (webseries) | | Nominated |
| 2018 | Evolutionary Blues | | Nominated |
| 2019 | My Friend Fela | | Won |
| 2019 | Wax Print 1 FABRIC, 4 continent | | Nominated |
| 2019 | Drugs as Weapons Against Us | | Nominated |
| 2019 | Dare to Dream | | Nominated |
| 2019 | The Guardian of No Return | | Nominated |
| 2020 | Becoming Black | | Won |
| 2020 | Revolution From Afar | | Nominated |
| 2020 | Meeting My Father | | Nominated |
| 2020 | If Objects Could Speak | | Nominated |
| 2021 | African Redemption: the Life of Marcus Garvey | | Won |
| 2021 | Akwaaba | | Nominated |
| 2021 | Race Today Documentary | | Nominated |
# Concret PH

Concret PH (1958) is a musique concrète piece by Iannis Xenakis, originally created for the Philips Pavilion (designed by Xenakis as Le Corbusier's assistant) at the 1958 Brussels World's Fair (Expo 58) and heard as audiences entered and exited the building (PH = paraboloïdes hyperboliques, concret = reinforced concrete/musique concrète). Edgard Varèse's Poème électronique was played once they were inside the building.
At 2 1/2 minutes long and focused primarily on density, "Concret PH" was created in the Philips office in Paris (Varèse having exclusive access to the studio with spatialization capabilities established at the Philips Research Laboratories in Eindhoven) or at the Groupe de Recherches Musicales. The only sound source is burning charcoal, cut into one-second fragments, with numerous transpositions and overdubs, a granular texture from which Xenakis creates a continuum. Using slight manipulation, the main techniques were splicing, tape speed change, and mixing. The piece was composed intuitively, rather than being guided by mathematical processes. In the Philips Pavilion, it was projected over 425 loudspeakers through an 11-channel sound system. Xenakis described the effect as "lines of sound moving in complex paths from point to point in space, like needles darting from everywhere."
   Start with a sound made up of many particles, then see how you can make it change imperceptibly, growing and developing, until an entirely new sound results... This was in defiance of the usual manner of working with concrète sounds. Most of the musique concrète which had been produced up to the time of "Concret PH" is full of many abrupt changes and juxtaposed sections without transitions. This happened because the original recorded sounds used by the composers consisted of a block of one kind of sound, then a block of another, and did not extend beyond this. I seek extremely rich sound (many high overtones) that have a long duration, yet with much internal change and variety. Also, I explore the realm of extremely faint sounds highly amplified. There is usually no electronic alteration of the original sound, since an operation such as filtering diminished the richness.

## Sources

* 1 2 3 4 Roads, Curtis (2004). Microsound, p. 64–65. ISBN 9780262681544.
* ↑ Rowell, Lewis (1985). Thinking About Music: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Music, p. 241. ISBN 9780870234613.
# An Atlas of Fantasy

An Atlas of Fantasy, compiled by Jeremiah Benjamin Post, was originally published in 1973 by Mirage Press and revised for a 1979 edition by Ballantine Books. The 1979 edition dropped twelve maps from the first edition and added fourteen new ones. It also included an introduction by Lester del Rey.
To remain of manageable size, the Atlas excludes advertising maps, cartograms, most disproportionate maps, and alternate history ("might have been") maps, focusing instead on imaginary lands derived from literary sources. It purposefully omits "one-to-one" maps such as Thomas Hardy's Wessex (which merely renames places in southwest England), but includes Barsetshire and Yoknapatawpha County, which are evidently considered to be sufficiently fictionalized. The emphasis is on science fiction and fantasy, though Post suggests there exist enough mystery fiction maps to someday create The Detectives' Handy Pocket Atlas. Other maps were omitted due to permission costs or reproduction quality.
The maps are reproduced from many sources, and an Index of Artists is included.

## Reception

Stephen L. Lortz reviewed An Atlas of Fantasy for Different Worlds magazine and stated that "An Atlas of Fantasy has provided me with many hours of entertainment as well as a number of inspirations for my FRP campaign, and in my opinion, belongs on the reference shelf of every Game Master and fantasist."

## Reviews

* Review by William P. Hall Jr. (1974) in Cross Plains V1n4, July-August 1974
* Review by Stuart David Schiff (1974) in Whispers #4, July 1974
* Review by Greg Bear (1974) in Luna Monthly, #56, November 1974
* Review by uncredited (1975) in Amra V2n63, April 1975
* Review by David L. Greene (1975) in The Baum Bugle, Spring 1975
* Review by Richard Mathews (1979) in Science Fiction & Fantasy Book Review, July 1979
* Review by Lewis Pulsipher (1983) in Dragon Magazine, April 1983