OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 94th Mixed Brigade

The 94th Mixed Brigade was a unit of the Spanish Republican Army created during the Spanish Civil War. It came to operate on the Teruel, Aragon and Segre fronts.

## History

In March 1937, in Cuenca, the 94th Mixed Brigade was created, made up of recruits from the loyalist Quintos, and with remains of the old Iberia Column. The command of this unit was entrusted to the infantry commander José Ramos Chiva. The 94th MB was sent to the Battle of Brunete, although it did not participate. A few months later the unit was dissolved and dispersed.
In September 1937, the brigade was reformed in Cartagena with marine infantry forces, under the command of Ginés Sánchez Balibrea. It was placed in the 34th Division and, later, in the 72nd Division - both divisions of 18th Army Corps. Initially it had its headquarters in Jódar, where it remained until it was called to participate in the Battle of Teruel (integrated into the 34th Division).
During the Battle of Teruel, the unit played a prominent role both in the fighting in La Muela and in the taking of the city. In February 1938, the unit fought in the Battle of Alfambra. Two days later it joined the Perea Group, taking part in a failed counterattack against the nationalist advance. During all these operations the unit suffered severe wear and tear, for which it was withdrawn to Madrid, where it enjoyed a short period of rest. It was subjected to a reorganization and was reinforced with troops from the 95th Mixed Brigade, which would in fact be merged with the 94th Mixed Brigade.
After the beginning of the Aragon Offensive, it was sent as reinforcement to the north of the Ebro. Around this time it became briefly integrated into the 70th Division. On April 18, the 94th MB was located in Sort, integrated into the 34th Division; the next day it was assigned to the 56th Division, in Castellciutat. The nationalist offensive caused the unit to be cornered in the Pyrenean area. However, when the nationalist attack was halted, at the end of April the 94th BM participated in the Republican assault on the nationalist bridgehead of Seròs, on the Segre River. To do this, the unit attacked the Peñas de Aolo in the Sierra de Pobo, without success. The fighting lasted until the beginning of May. For its performance in the fighting, the brigade was awarded the Medal of Valor.
By then the unit was assigned to the 34th Division of the 10th Army Corps.
On June 9, the unit crossed the Segre River through the Vilanova de la Barca area with the intention of establishing a bridgehead, an attempt that would end in failure. A few months later, in October, command of the unit passed to the commander Isidoro Fernández González. In December 1938 it was located in front of the Segre, having to face the new Catalonia offensive; Despite the resistance offered, it had to withdraw from its positions. It would continue to withdraw to the French border.

## Command
### Commanders

* Ginés Sánchez Balibrea;
* Isidoro Fernández González

### Commissars

* Evaristo Torralba García

### Chiefs of Staff

* Julio Pastoriza Díaz
# 94th Infantry Regiment (France)

The 94th Infantry Regiment (94e régiment d’infanterie or 94e RI) is a French Army regiment. It originated in 1709 as a German regiment in the French army known as the régiment Royal-Bavière. From 1780 to 1791 it was known as the régiment Royal-Hesse-Darmstadt. It is the inheritor of the traditions of the French Imperial Guard and thus is also known as the Grenadiers de la Garde or La Garde rather than by its number. In addition to its traditions being from the Imperial Guard, their beret insignia is that of a French Imperial Eagle. After having been dissolved in 1993 following the reorganization of the French army in 1993, it was reformed in 2005. Retaining its name and traditions, it is now the regiment in the French army that specializes in urban combat (Combat en Zone Urbain or CENZUB in French).
# 88th Armoured Regiment (India)

88 Armoured Regiment is an armoured regiment of the Indian Army.

## History

The regiment was raised in September 1979 at Ahmednagar. The first commandant was Lieutenant Colonel (later Brigadier) Iesh Rikhy. The regiment was initially equipped with Vijayanta tanks and later converted to T-72 tanks. It has an all-India, all-class composition, drawing troops from various castes and religions. Brigadier Satish Kumar is the current Colonel of the Regiment.

## Gallantry awards and honours

The regiment has won the following awards –
* COAS Commendation Cards – 1
* The regiment with its Vijayanta tanks took part in the Republic Day parade in 1990.
# Zurab Sturua

Zurab Sturua (born 8 June 1959) is a Georgian chess player, who was awarded the title of grandmaster by FIDE in 1991. He won the Georgian Chess Championship in 1975 (at the age of 16!), 1977, 1981, 1984 and 1985 and played for Georgia in the Chess Olympiads of 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000 and 2002.
Sturua won the Master Open of the Biel Chess Festival in 1991 and 1996. He tied for 1st–5th places with Jaan Ehlvest, Christopher Lutz, Gyula Sax and Aleksander Delchev at Pula 1997. In 1998, he tied for 7th–11th with Giorgi Bagaturov, Ioannis Nikolaidis, and Ashot Nadanian in the zonal tournament in Panormo, Crete, which was the qualifying tournament for the FIDE World Chess Championship 1999.
In 2005 , Sturua tied for 1st–2nd with Mikheil Kekelidze at the Zayed Open in Dubai, winning the tournament on tiebreak.
Sturua won the over-50 section of the World Seniors' Championship in 2014 and won the same division at the European Seniors' Championship in 2015, 2016, and 2019.
# Caesium nitrate

Caesium nitrate or cesium nitrate is a salt with the chemical formula CsNO$_3$. An alkali metal nitrate, it is used in pyrotechnic compositions, as a colorant and an oxidizer, e.g. in decoys and illumination flares. The caesium emissions are chiefly due to two powerful spectral lines at 852.113 nm and 894.347 nm.
Caesium nitrate prisms are used in infrared spectroscopy, in x-ray phosphors, and in scintillation counters. It is also used in making optical glasses and lenses.
As with other alkali metal nitrates, caesium nitrate decomposes on gentle heating to give caesium nitrite:
    2 CsNO$_3$ → 2 CsNO$_2$ + O$_2$
Caesium also forms two unusual acid nitrates, which can be described as CsNO$_3$·HNO$_3$ and CsNO$_3$·2HNO$_3$ (melting points 100 °C and 36–38 °C respectively).
# Dracosciadium

Dracosciadium is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae.
Its native range is KwaZulu-Natal.
Species:
* Dracosciadium italae Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
* Dracosciadium saniculifolium Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
# Brachychalcinus orbicularis

Brachychalcinus orbicularis, or the discus tetra, is an omnivorous characin found in rivers, creeks, and tributaries in tropical South America.
# Badalpur, Jaunpur district

Badalpur is a village in Jaunpur district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, in Northern India. At the time of the 2001 census it had a population of 2,000 and included 250 houses. Badlapur is like a Tahasil. There are many villages included such as Ghanshyampur, Khalispur, Leduka etc.
# Dove Channel

Dove Channel may refer to:
* Dove Channel (Oliphant Islands), a narrow channel bisecting the Oliphant Islands
* Dove Channel (streaming service), a U.S. Christian-based digital streaming subscription service
# Aegista kunimiensis

Aegista kunimiensis is a species of air-breathing land snails, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod in the family Camaenidae.

## Distribution and habitat

This shell occurs in Japan and Korea.
It is a terrestrial species that has been collected in Sasa and Fagus leaf litter at 700 m (2,300 ft) above sea level.

## Description

The shell is thin and small, reaching 6 mm (0.24 in) in height and 9.8 mm (0.39 in) in breadth. There are up to 5¼ whorls. The spire is low and the umbilicus is deep. The color is dark reddish brown.
# Tom Mennard

Tom Mennard (11 February 1918 – 2 November 1989) was an English comedian and actor. He had a long career in variety, radio and television.

## Life and career

Mennard was born in Beeston, Leeds, the son of an undertaker. He subsequently settled in Brighton where he worked as bus driver. Whilst in Brighton, he became involved in an amateur revue company where his performances attracted the attention of singer Donald Peers, who was appearing in variety in the town. On Peers' recommendation, Mennard got an audition for the BBC and as a result was given a spot on The Centre Show, a television programme for new talent presented by Benny Hill.
Following Hill's advice, he auditioned for the Windmill Theatre in London and, after two rejections, was accepted with a routine in which he played a road sweeper. His first appearances at the theatre were alongside Bill Waddington and Jill Summers. Variety and theatre work followed, including a tour with Harold Fielding's Music for the Millions during which Mennard worked with his idol Robb Wilton, whose slow, deliberate style of story-telling was the main influence on Mennard's own delivery style. He also made several appearances on BBC TV's long-running variety programme, The Good Old Days, at The City Varieties Theatre in Leeds, his home town.
Mennard became a regular feature on Mike Craig's radio shows in Manchester and these helped him to reach a wider national audience. His radio work included his own show, Local Tales. He also managed a handful of film appearances, including the horror The Flesh and Blood Show and the sexploitation film Four Dimensions of Greta.
His television appearances include Dad's Army, Open All Hours, Bergerac and the Harry Worth vehicle Oh Happy Band!. In 1985, he joined the cast of Coronation Street in the role of Sam Tindall, remaining in the part irregularly until 1989, with his real life dog Dougal also featuring as the character's pet.

## Death

Mennard died from cancer in 1989 at Salisbury hospital, aged 71.
# Trubatsa saltantis

Trubatsa saltantis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 9.2 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Lord Howe Seamount Chain, New Caledonia.
# Tona

Tona may refer to:
* Tona, Bangladesh, village in India
* Tona, Spain, municipality in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
* Tona, Santander, municipality in Santander, Colombia
* Tona (beer), Nicaragua, Beer
* Tona (name)
* Tona, Katsuura, Chiba, Japan, a neighborhood of Katsuura City in which Katsuura Station is located
* Ton'a, Japanese poet
* Titles of Nobility amendment, a proposed US constitutional amendment
# Tuber ladder fern

Tuber ladder fern is a common name for several plants and may refer to:
* Nephrolepis cordifolia, or fishbone fern
* Nephrolepis exaltata, or sword fern
# Tony Van Vliet

Tony Van Vliet may refer to:
* Tony Van Vliet (Australian politician) (1933–1982)
* Tony Van Vliet (American politician) (born 1930), member of the Oregon House of Representatives
# Toni Minichiello

Antonio 'Toni' Minichiello (born 1966) is an athletics commentator and former coach. He was coach to British athletics champion Jessica Ennis-Hill until her retirement. The pair met at the Don Valley athletics stadium when Ennis was at a summer holiday camp as a teenager. Since then Ennis has gone on to win numerous athletic medals, including the gold medal at the London 2012 Olympic Games.
Minichiello was born in Sheffield to Italian parents who were originally from Avellino, near Naples. They had originally met and married in Bedford before moving to Sheffield, where Minichiello's father was a steelworker. Toni Minichiello was formerly married to bobsledder Nicola Minichiello.
Minichiello coached Jessica Ennis from the age of 13.

## Awards

Minichiello won the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Coach Award in 2012 after guiding Ennis to Olympic gold in the Heptathlon at the London 2012 Olympic games.
He also won the Coach of the Year at the UK Coaching Awards.

## Lifetime ban

On 9 August 2022, UK Athletics announced that Minichiello had been banned for life from training athletes due to sexually inappropriate behaviour, emotional abuse and bullying. An investigation had been launched after complaints were received from multiple female athletes and coaches.
# Tony Harman

Anthony Shannon Harman (6 March 1912 – 8 May 1999) was an English farmer and writer who was best known for a 1986 book about his life and the history of his farm entitled Seventy Summers. It was a number one bestseller in the United Kingdom and was made into a 1986 BBC Two television series which he presented.
Harman was born near Chesham in Buckinghamshire and he attended Harrow School and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he studied agriculture. In 1931, he started farming Grove Farm near Whelpley Hill. He became a published author late in life with an article in The Guardian. In Seventy Summers he advocated modern farming methods and contrasted them with the methods in place when he took over the farm which had barely changed in 150 years.
He followed up with The Charolais Adventure 1959–1989 (1990) about the introduction of the French Charolais cattle breed and A Thousand Years on a Chiltern Farm: The Story of Grove Farm, Chesham, Buckinghamshire (1999). He also wrote a Guardian column, served as a magistrate, and was a Labour Party parliamentary candidate for Aylesbury at the 1950, 1951, 1955 general elections. He died aged 87 in 1999.
# Tukkoji

Tukkoji Bhonsle (1677–1736) was the fourth Maratha ruler of Thanjavur, located in South India. He was from the Bhonsle dynasty and was the son of Ekoji I as well as the younger brother of Shahuji I and Serfoji I. Tukkoji ruled Thanjavur from 1728 to 1736.

## Reign

Tukkoji succeeded his brother Serfoji I to the throne of Thanjavur on the former's death in 1728 and is believed to have reigned until 1736. However, the available records don't agree with each other. While the Tanjore Marathi inscriptions assign eight years to his rule the Madras Tamil manuscript assigns only 6 years.
Tukkoji concluded the Marava war commenced by Serfoji I. Unlike his brother, however, he switched over to Bhavani Shankar's side and helped the latter attain the throne.
Marathi inscriptions of this period record Tukkoji's aid to Meenakshi the Queen of Tiruchirapalli against the Palaiyakkarar who rose in revolt against her. He also fought against Chanda Sahib on the side of the Hindu rajas of South India. Chanda Sahib's first expedition in 1734 was bought off. But the second expedition in 1736 resulted in the fall of Tiruchirapalli.
Tukkoji was a good linguist. He is also credited with having introduced Hindusthani music in Thanjavur. He wrote a work on music called Sangeetha Samamrita. His minister Ghansyama Pandit wrote a commentary on the Uttaramacharitra of Bhavabhuti.

## Death and succession

Tukkoji died in 1736. He left behind one legitimate son Ekoji who succeeded to the throne on the death of his father. But he ruled for not more than a year. However he had a number of offspring from his concubines. A three-year-long period of anarchy followed his death. It came to an end only with the accession of Pratapsingh in 1739.
# Torquemada, Palencia

Torquemada is a municipality in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2010 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 1098 inhabitants. It is the namesake and believed to be the birthplace of famed Grand Inquisitor Tomas de Torquemada.
The village is known for its peppers, an important crop for the local economy.

## Etymology

The village name came from Latin turris cremata "burnt tower".

## Curiosities and historical data

The Infanta Catalina was born here on January 14, 1507. She was the daughter of Queen Juana of Castile and Felipe of Habsburg. After Felipe's death, his remains rested here for a period of 3 months.
In this village is the home of the writer José Zorrilla y Moral, author of "Don Juan Tenorio", traditionally performed every year on All Saints Day. There is a plaque in Zorrilla's memory, located in front of his summer residence.
In the summer of 2007, the "Ruta Quetzal" passed by here, in honor of the 500th anniversary of the birth of the Infanta Catalina.
# Tuomo Polvinen

Tuomo Ilmari Polvinen (2 December 1931 – 22 January 2022) was a Finnish historian.

## Biography

Polvinen was born in Helsinki on 2 December 1931. He became a PhD in 1964. He was an official (1957–1961) in the Finnish national archives in Helsinki, and (1970–74) its chief. 1968-70 he was professor in general history at Tampere University and (1974–1992) professor on the subject at Helsinki University; research professor (1979–1989) and (1992–1995).
He focused on the relations between Finland and Russia/Soviet Union. Amongst Polvinen's works are Suomi suurvaltain politiikassa 1941-44, which is about Finland in the context of great power politics, Venäjän vallankumous ja Suomi 1917-1920 (2 parts, 1967–71), which is about Russian revolution and Finland, Between East and West (1986), furthermore a work on Bobrikov as governor general in Finland, Imperial borderland (1995) and a great biography in five parts about president J. K. Paasikivi.
Polvinen died on 22 January 2022, at the age of 90.
# Turk's cap lily

Turk's cap lily is a common name for several plants and may refer to:
* Lilium martagon, a species native to a wide area from central Europe east to Mongolia and Korea
* Lilium michauxii, a species native to southeastern North America
* Lilium superbum, a species native to eastern and central regions of North America
# Top-rated United States television programs of 1967–68

This table displays the top-rated primetime television series of the 1967–68 season as measured by Nielsen Media Research.
| Rank | Program | Network | Rating |
| 1 | The Andy Griffith Show | CBS | 27.6 |
| 2 | The Lucy Show | CBS | 27.0 |
| 3 | Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C. | CBS | 25.6 |
| 4 | Gunsmoke | CBS | 25.5 |
| 4 | Family Affair | CBS | 25.5 |
| 4 | Bonanza | NBC | 25.5 |
| 7 | The Red Skelton Show | CBS | 25.3 |
| 8 | The Dean Martin Show | NBC | 24.8 |
| 9 | The Jackie Gleason Show | CBS | 23.9 |
| 10 | Saturday Night at the Movies | NBC | 23.6 |
| 11 | Bewitched | ABC | 23.5 |
| 12 | The Beverly Hillbillies | CBS | 23.3 |
| 13 | The Ed Sullivan Show | CBS | 23.2 |
| 14 | The Virginian | NBC | 22.9 |
| 15 | Friday Night Movies | CBS | 22.8 |
| 15 | Green Acres | CBS | 22.8 |
| 17 | The Lawrence Welk Show | ABC | 21.9 |
| 18 | The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour | CBS | 21.7 |
| 19 | Gentle Ben | CBS | 21.5 |
| 20 | Tuesday Night at the Movies | NBC | 21.4 |
| 21 | Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In | NBC | 21.3 |
| 22 | The F.B.I. | ABC | 21.2 |
| 23 | Thursday Night Movie | CBS | 21.1 |
| 24 | My Three Sons | CBS | 20.8 |
| 25 | Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color | NBC | 20.7 |
| 26 | Ironside | NBC | 20.5 |
| 27 | The Carol Burnett Show | CBS | 20.1 |
| 27 | Dragnet | NBC | 20.1 |
| 29 | Daniel Boone | NBC | 20.0 |
| 30 | Lassie | CBS | 19.9 |
| 30 | It Takes a Thief | ABC | 19.9 |
# Tschulaktavia

Tschulaktavia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae.
Its native range is Central Asia.
Species:
# Turin School of Development

The Turin School of Development (TSD) was founded in Turin in October 2009 as a joint venture between the International Training Center of the ILO, the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the University of Turin and related UN agencies. The first class of postgraduate students matriculated in the 2009-2010 academic year.

## Background

The International Training Centre of the ILO, launched in October 1990, the postgraduate course on International Trade Law, in collaboration with the University Institute for European Studies (IUSE) and with the support of distinguished faculty from the University of Turin and other major European universities. The Program was presented at a special ceremony at the Palais des Nations in Geneva.
New multi-disciplinary programs were developed after the success of this first course, through the same approach, in collaboration with major international organizations like WIPO, UNESCO and UNCITRAL: in 2000 the Master in Management of Development and the Master of Law (LL.M) in Intellectual Property; in 2003 the Master in World Heritage and Cultural Projects for Development; in 2006 the Master in Public Procurement Management for Sustainable Development and the Master in Occupational Safety and Health. At last, in 2010 the Master In Applied Labour Economics for Development was funded.

### TSD Strength

The intensive delivery through the optimal combination of distance learning with face-to-face learning meets the learning requirements of a European master's degree. This particular combination allows also workers to participate to the programs because the time involved for the face to face part is only 4 months. Moreover, some programs offer the possibility of an internship with one of our institutional UN or professional partners.”

## Masters

The TSD offers 7 master programs through a unique learning path.

### Faculty

The faculty of the Turin School of Development is a mix of university professors, combined with leading practitioners from the UN system and key professional bodies.
Lectures frequently includes prominent international professors such as Prof. David Throsby, Prof. Allen Scott, Prof. Massimo Marelli (rector of University of Naples), Prof. Gianmaria Ajani (dean of the Law Faculty of the University of Turin) and Prof Helmut Anheier.
In addition the participants’ learning is closely supported by dedicated tutors.
TSD has also an international student body, drawing its students from more than 65 countries worldwide. Overall, 1,900 participants have graduated and are currently occupying important jobs in their countries or internationally.

## Campus

The Face to Face modules of the masters are held at the International Training Centre Campus in Turin, Italy.
# Tukulua Lokotui

Tukulua Lokotui (born 31 December 1979) is a rugby union footballer who played at lock for Béziers. Lokotui played for Tonga at the 2011 and the 2015 Rugby World Cup squads.
In 2013 Lokotui was cited for a dangerous tackle on Dave Attwood when Bath defeated Gloucester. He was also named in Tonga's squad for their end of the year tour of Asia and Europe.
# Turn Me On "Mr. Deadman"

"Turn Me On 'Mr. Deadman'" is a song by American nu metal band The Union Underground. The song was released as the first single from the band's only studio album to date, ...An Education in Rebellion. The song peaked at no. 11 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart.

## Musical style

Metal Hammer called the song "a nu metal anthem" and stated the song "owes more to Rob Zombie and Marilyn Manson's industrial stomp than it does to Limp Bizkit's big-shorted shenanigans."

## Reception

The song was ranked at no. 36 on Metal Hammer's list of "The 40 best nu metal songs of all time".
Marilyn Manson heard the song in a strip club and hand-picked The Union Underground to be his tour mates. The band would tour with Manson in fall 2000.

## Personnel
### The Union Underground

* Bryan Scott – vocals, guitar, co-producer
* Patrick Kennison – guitar, co-producer
* John Moyer – bass
* Josh Memelo – drums

### Additional

* Don Gilmore – producer
* Brendan O'Brien – mixing
* George Marino – mastering