OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2014 Copa Argentina Final

2014 Copa Argentina Final was the 257th and final match of the 2013–14 Copa Argentina. It was played on November 26, 2014, at the Estadio del Bicentenario between Rosario Central and Huracán. Huracán won the tournament beating Rosario Central on penalties to win their first Copa Argentina title.
By winning the competition, Huracán won the right to play the 2015 Copa Libertadores, and the 2014 Supercopa Argentina.

## Qualified teams

| Team | Previous finals app. |
| Rosario Central | None |
| Huracán | None |

### Road to the final

| Rosario Central | Rosario Central | Rosario Central | Round | Huracán | Huracán | Huracán |
| Opponent | Venue | Score | | Opponent | Venue | Score |
| Bye | Bye | Bye | Final Round I | Bye | Bye | Bye |
| Bye | Bye | Bye | Final Round II | Crucero del Norte | Sarandí | 2–2 (3–2 p) |
| Juventud Unida Universitario | Córdoba | 3–1 | Round of 32 | Boca Juniors | San Juan | 2–0 |
| Tigre | Córdoba | 1–0 | Round of 16 | Banfield | Buenos Aires | 2–2 (3–2 p) |
| River Plate | San Juan | 0–0 (5–4 p) | Quarterfinals | Estudiantes (LP) | Formosa | 1–1 (3–2 p) |
| Argentinos Juniors | San Juan | 5–0 | Semifinals | Atlético de Rafaela | Formosa | 2–0 |

## Match
### Details

| Rosario Central | Huracán |
| GK | 1 | Mauricio Caranta |
| DF | 4 | Paulo Ferrari (c) |
| DF | 26 | Yeimar Gómez |
| DF | 2 | Alejandro Donatti |
| DF | 3 | Rafael Delgado |
| MF | 7 | Hernán Encina |
| MF | 5 | Damián Musto |
| MF | 8 | Fernando Barrientos |
| MF | 11 | Pablo Becker | 46' |
| MF | 22 | Franco Niell | 82' |
| FW | 20 | José Adolfo Valencia | 68' |
| Substitutes: ||
| GK | 12 | Manuel García |
| DF | 25 | Lucas Acevedo |
| DF | 14 | Lucas Lazo |
| MF | 23 | Nery Domínguez |
| FW | 17 | Javier Correa | 82' |
| FW | 10 | Antonio Medina | 46' |
| FW | 13 | Sebastián Abreu | 68' |
| Manager: ||
| Miguel Ángel Russo ||
| GK | 1 | Marcos Díaz |
| DF | 2 | Federico Mancinelli | 69' |
| DF | 4 | Rodrigo Erramuspe |
| DF | 6 | Eduardo Domínguez (c) |
| DF | 3 | Carlos Arano |
| MF | 8 | Lucas Villarruel | | 73' |
| MF | 5 | Federico Vismara |
| MF | 10 | Gonzalo Martínez |
| MF | 11 | Patricio Toranzo | | 85' |
| FW | 7 | Cristian Espinoza | | 77' |
| FW | 9 | Ramón Ábila |
| Substitutes: ||
| GK | 12 | Matías Giordano |
| DF | 13 | Guillermo Sotelo |
| MF | 16 | Ezequiel Gallegos | | 73' |
| MF | 15 | Iván Moreno y Fabianesi |
| MF | 17 | Alejandro Romero Gamarra | | 85' |
| FW | 14 | Agustín Torassa | | 77' |
| FW | 18 | Cristian Milla |
| Manager: ||
| Néstor Apuzzo ||
| Assistant referees: Cristian Navarro Ariel Scime Fourth official: Fernando Espinoza | Match rules 90 minutes No extra time Penalty shoot-out if scores are level Seven named substitutes Maximum of three substitutions |

### Statistics

Overall :
| | Rosario Central | Huracán |
| Goals scored | 0 | 0 |
| Total shots | 8 | 12 |
| Shots on target | 2 | 4 |
| Ball possession | 54% | 46% |
| Corner kicks | 3 | 3 |
| Fouls committed | 10 | 11 |
| Offsides | 2 | 1 |
| Yellow cards | 0 | 1 |
| Red cards | 0 | 0 |
# Albert Khoshaba

Albert Khoshaba (born 1 July 1944) is a former Iraqi football forward who played for Iraq between 1967 and 1968. He played two matches and scored one goal.

## Career statistics
### International goals

Scores and results list Iraq's goal tally first.
| No | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 10 March 1967 | June 11 Stadium, Tripoli | Sudan | 1–0 | 2–2 | Friendly |
# 2015–16 Czech National Football League

The 2015–16 Czech National Football League is the 23rd season of the Czech Republic's second tier football league. The season starts on 1 August 2015.

## Team changes

The number of teams in the Czech National Football League decreased from 16 to 15 for the 2015–16 season.

### From FNL

* SK Sigma Olomouc (promoted to 2015–16 Czech First League)
* FC Fastav Zlín (promoted to 2015–16 Czech First League)
* FK Baník Most (relegated to 2015–16 Bohemian Football League)
* FK Kolín (relegated to 2015–16 Bohemian Football League)
* FK Viktoria Žižkov (relegated to 2015–16 Bohemian Football League) after being denied FNL licence for the 2015–16 season.

### To FNL

* FC Hradec Králové (relegated from 2014–15 Czech First League)
* SK Dynamo České Budějovice (relegated from 2014–15 Czech First League)
* SK Sigma Olomouc B (promoted from 2014–15 Moravian–Silesian Football League)
* FK Slavoj Vyšehrad (promoted from 2014–15 Bohemian Football League)

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| 1 | Karviná (P) | 28 | 17 | 8 | 3 | 50 | 17 | +33 | 59 | Promotion to 2016–17 1. Liga |
| 2 | Hradec Králové (P) | 28 | 17 | 8 | 3 | 45 | 16 | +29 | 59 | Promotion to 2016–17 1. Liga |
| 3 | Znojmo | 28 | 17 | 5 | 6 | 62 | 33 | +29 | 56 | |
| 4 | Sokolov | 28 | 10 | 11 | 7 | 32 | 26 | +6 | 41 | |
| 5 | Táborsko | 28 | 9 | 12 | 7 | 39 | 34 | +5 | 39 | |
| 6 | Pardubice | 28 | 10 | 8 | 10 | 29 | 29 | 0 | 38 | |
| 7 | Ústí nad Labem | 28 | 8 | 11 | 9 | 39 | 38 | +1 | 35 | |
| 8 | Vlašim | 28 | 9 | 8 | 11 | 35 | 33 | +2 | 35 | |
| 9 | Varnsdorf | 28 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 35 | 44 | −9 | 34 | |
| 10 | Frýdek-Místek | 28 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 30 | 37 | −7 | 33 | |
| 11 | Opava | 28 | 6 | 14 | 8 | 34 | 37 | −3 | 32 | |
| 12 | České Budějovice | 28 | 6 | 14 | 8 | 41 | 48 | −7 | 32 | |
| 13 | Třinec | 28 | 6 | 9 | 13 | 29 | 41 | −12 | 27 | |
| 14 | Sigma Olomouc B (R) | 28 | 5 | 6 | 17 | 23 | 49 | −26 | 21 | Relegation to 2016–17 MSFL |
| 15 | Slavoj Vyšehrad (R) | 28 | 5 | 5 | 18 | 20 | 61 | −41 | 20 | Relegation to 2016–17 ČFL |
# Alberto Gallego

Alberto Gallego may refer to:
* Alberto Gallego (footballer) (born 1974), Spanish football manager and former footballer
* Alberto Gallego (cyclist) (born 1990), Spanish cyclist
# 2014 IPC Athletics European Championships – Women's 200 metres

The women's 200 metres at the 2014 IPC Athletics European Championships was held at the Swansea University Stadium from 18 to 23 August.

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Gold | Silver | Silver | Bronze | Bronze |
| T11 | Öznur Alumur Turkey | 28.69 | Arjola Dedaj Italy | 29.11 | Ronja Oja Finland | 32.60 |
| T12 | Oxana Boturchuk Ukraine | 24.72 | Katrin Mueller-Rottgardt Germany | 25.30 | Anna Sorokina Russia | 26.49 |
| T35 | Maria Lyle United Kingdom | 31.05 | Oxana Corso Italy | 34.37 | Svitlana Mykytina Ukraine | 36.15 |
| T36 | Claudia Nicoleitzik Germany | 32.26 | Aygyul Sakhibzadaeva Russia | 33.49 | Viktoriia Andriishena Ukraine | 35.08 |
| T44 | Marlou van Rhijn (T43) Netherlands | 26.89 | Irmgard Bensusan (T44) Germany | 27.22 | Laura Sugar (T44) United Kingdom | 28.75 |

## Results
### T11
#### Semifinals

| Rank | Heat | Sport Class | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 1 | T11 | Öznur Alamur | Turkey | 28.20 | Q, PB |
| 2 | 2 | T11 | Arjola Dedaj | Italy | 29.58 | Q |
| 3 | 2 | T11 | Ronja Oja | Finland | 33.16 | q |
| 4 | 1 | T11 | Elisa Montonen | Finland | 33.74 | q |
| — | 2 | T11 | Elvina Vidot | France | DNF | |

#### Final

| Rank | Sport Class | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | T11 | Öznur Alamur | Turkey | 28.69 |
| | T11 | Arjola Dedaj | Italy | 29.11 |
| | T11 | Ronja Oja | Finland | 32.60 |
| 4 | T11 | Elisa Montonen | Finland | 33.53 |

### T12
#### Semifinals

| Rank | Heat | Sport Class | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 2 | T12 | Oxana Boturchuk | Ukraine | 24.96 | Q |
| 2 | 2 | T12 | Katrin Mueller-Rottgardt | Germany | 25.71 | q |
| 3 | 1 | T12 | Hanka Kolnikova | Slovakia | 26.77 | Q |
| 3 | 2 | T12 | Anna Sorokina | Russia | 26.77 | q |
| 5 | 1 | T12 | Melani Berges Gamez | Spain | 27.18 | |
| 6 | 1 | T12 | Veronika Zotova | Russia | 28.44 | |
| 7 | 2 | T12 | Sara Fernandez Roldan | Spain | 30.15 | |

#### Final

| Rank | Sport Class | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | T12 | Oxana Boturchuk | Ukraine | 24.72 | PB |
| | T12 | Katrin Mueller-Rottgardt | Germany | 25.30 | PB |
| | T12 | Anna Sorokina | Russia | 26.49 | PB |
| 4 | T12 | Hanka Kolnikova | Slovakia | 26.91 | |

### T35
#### Final

| Rank | Sport Class | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | T35 | Maria Lyle | United Kingdom | 31.05 | |
| | T35 | Oxana Corso | Italy | 34.37 | |
| | T35 | Svitlana Mykytina | Ukraine | 36.15 | |
| 4 | T35 | Nienke Timmer | Netherlands | 39.37 | PB |

### T36
#### Final

| Rank | Sport Class | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | T36 | Claudia Nicoleitzik | Germany | 32.26 |
| | T36 | Aygyul Sakhibzadaeva | Russia | 33.49 |
| | T36 | Viktoriia Andriishena | Ukraine | 35.08 |
| 4 | T36 | Luzdary van Wanum | Netherlands | 36.08 |

### T44
#### Final

| Rank | Sport Class | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | T43 | Marlou van Rhijn | Netherlands | 26.89 | SB |
| | T44 | Irmgard Bensusan | Germany | 27.22 | PB |
| | T44 | Laura Sugar | United Kingdom | 28.75 | SB |
| 4 | T44 | Marlene van Gansewinkel | Netherlands | 29.87 | PB |
| 5 | T44 | Sophie Kamlish | United Kingdom | 30.90 | SB |
| 6 | T44 | Iris Pruysen | Netherlands | 31.30 | |
# Albert Moore (footballer, born 1898)

Albert Edward Moore (born 1898) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Stoke.

## Career

Moore was born in Longton and played amateur football with Normacot before joining Stoke in 1921. He played one match in the Football League which came in a 1–0 defeat to Bradford Park Avenue during the 1921–22 season. He then returned to amateur status and played for Burslem Swifts.

## Career statistics

| Club | Season | League | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Stoke | 1921–22 | Second Division | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Career Total | Career Total | Career Total | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
# 2014 Liga Nusantara Yogyakarta

The 2014 Liga Nusantara Yogyakarta season is the first edition of Liga Nusantara Yogyakarta is a qualifying round of the 2014 Liga Nusantara.
The competition scheduled starts in May 2014.

## Teams

Liga Nusantara Yogyakarta will be followed five clubs namely Sleman United, Persig Gunungkidul, Protaba Bantul, Gelora Handayani Gunungkidul and Persikup Kulonprogo.

### Stadium and locations

| Club | Regency or City | Stadium | Capacity | 2013 season |
| Gelora Handayani Gunungkidul | Gunung Kidul | Gelora Handayani | 10,000 | Played in Third Division |
| Persig Gunungkidul | Gunung Kidul | Gelora Handayani | 10,000 | Played in Third Division |
| Persikup Kulonprogo | Kulon Progo | Cangkring | 7,000 | Played in Third Division |
| Protaba Bantul | Bantul | Sultan Agung | 35,000 | Played in Second Division |
| Sleman United | Sleman | Maguwoharjo | 40,000 | Played in Third Division |

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Gelora Handayani Gunungkidul | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Advances to National round play-off |
| 2 | Persig Gunungkidul | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 3 | Persikup Kulonprogo | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 4 | Protaba | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 5 | Sleman United | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |

## Result

PSSI sets the standard every team must play as many as 15 games in a span of five months in the regional round, each region should ideally have a minimum of nine participants. But, it is not can not be tricked, Liga Nusantaa Yogyakarta may be held in the format of three rounds. The first and second rounds held by sisteme home and away, while the third round was held at a neutral stadium.
# Alcachofa (album)

Alcachofa is the first studio album released by Chilean-German producer Ricardo Villalobos on the German house label Playhouse on September 19, 2003. The album cemented Villalobos's place in the vanguards of microhouse and minimal techno.
The vinyl edition contains an alternative track listing, as "What You Say Is More Than I Can Say" was already released in its full version on the EP Halma. "La Raja", "Quizás" and "Fusion the Enemies" remain exclusive to vinyl, while CD cuts "Waiworinao" and "Fools Garden" were later released on vinyl as part of the EP Alcachofa Tools. "Y.G.H." remains exclusive to the CD pressing.
In 2015, Villalobos would re-issue "Easy Lee" and "Dexter" on his Sei Es Drum label as a 12 in (300 mm) vinyl.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Pitchfork | 8.1/10 |
| Stylus Magazine | A |
Andy Kellman of AllMusic commented that Villalobos "is in complete control of his machines at all times, and he makes them do strange things that no one else can."
New York placed Alcachofa at #6 on the Top Albums of the 2003. Pitchfork placed Alcachofa at #165 on The Top 200 Albums of the 2000s. Resident Advisor voted Alcachofa at #1 on the Top 100 Albums of the 2000s. Stylus Decade placed Alachofa at #73 on the Top Albums of the 2000s.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Ricardo Villalobos
Vinyl edition
On vinyl, sides A, B, D and F are at 45 RPM, while sides C and E play at 33+1⁄3 RPM.

## Personnel

* Ricardo Villalobos – writer, producer
* Saskia – cover artwork
# Alci

Alci may refer to:
* Alci Monastery, Ladakh (or Alchi), a Tibetan Buddhist complex
** Alci the nearby village
* "ALCI" or "a/LCI", Angle-resolved low-coherence interferometry, a technique in biomedical imaging
# Albert van Ouwater

Albert van Ouwater (c. 1410/1415 – 1475) was one of the earliest artists of Early Netherlandish painting working in the Northern Netherlands, as opposed to Flanders in the South of the region.

## Biography

He was probably born in Oudewater, and is mentioned by Karel van Mander (1604) as a reputable painter at the time in which he lived. According to Karel van Mander he was possibly a contemporary of Jan van Eyck and had been the teacher of Geertgen tot Sint Jans, though he was quick to qualify this statement with the eye-witness account of an old man named Albert Simonsz who had been a pupil of Jan Mostaert and claimed neither he nor Mostaert had ever even heard of this Albert van Ouwater or Geertgen tot Sint Jans. Van Mander highly commends an altarpiece by Van Ouwater in the principal church in Haarlem, the Grotekerk or Sint-Bavokerk, representing St. Peter and St. Paul, in which the figures are carefully and correctly designed, and richly coloured. Van Mander posits Van Ouwater as the founder of the Haarlem school of painting, making him the first major Dutch (as opposed to Flemish) artist. According to Van Mander, landscape painting was a particular specialty of this Dutch school, although none of Van Ouwater's surviving works exhibit this tendency. Van Ouwater seems to have been a contemporary of Dirk Bouts in mid-15th-century Haarlem, and Geertgen tot Sint Jans may have been his pupil.
Van Mander describes another picture by Van Ouwater of a more extensive composition, the Resurrection of Lazarus, which had been taken by the Spaniards back to Spain after the siege of Haarlem as war booty, but which he saw the copy of that had been greatly admired by Maarten van Heemskerck. This has been identified as the painting now in the Staatliche Museen in Berlin. This is the only widely accepted attribution to Van Ouwater, although many scholars also credit him with the small, fragmentary Head of a Donor in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. Max J. Friedländer also gave him a Virgin and Child (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York), but this painting has also been associated with the early works of Dirk Bouts (the Metropolitan Museum now considers it the work of a German painter influenced by the Haarlem school). Less convincingly, Albert Châtelet adds a pair of altar wings with St. John the Baptist and St. Michael (both in the Capilla Real, Granada) to Van Ouwater's œuvre.
According to the RKD he was also known as Albertus Veteraquinas, and the art historian W.R. Valentiner identified him as identical to the painters Master of Bellaert and Master of the Tiburtine Sibyl.
# 2014–15 in Pakistani football

The 2014–15 season is the 66th season of competitive football in Pakistan.

## Changes in the Premier League

Teams promoted to the 2014–15 Pakistan Premier League:
* Pakistan Railways
Teams relegated from the 2014–15 Pakistan Premier League:
* Habib Bank
* Lyallpur
* Navy
* Pak Afghan Clearing
* Zarai Taraqiati
Name changes:
* Karachi Electric Supply Corporation F.C. → K-Electric F.C.

## Club competitions
### Pakistan Premier League

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 1 | K-Electric (C) | 22 | 15 | 3 | 4 | 43 | 20 | +23 | 48 | Qualification to AFC Cup qualifying round |
| 2 | Pakistan Army | 22 | 13 | 6 | 3 | 30 | 7 | +23 | 45 | |
| 3 | Pakistan Air Force | 22 | 12 | 6 | 4 | 38 | 14 | +24 | 42 | |
| 4 | Pakistan Airlines | 22 | 11 | 5 | 6 | 28 | 18 | +10 | 38 | |
| 5 | WAPDA | 22 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 31 | 14 | +17 | 36 | |
| 6 | Khan Research Laboratories | 22 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 19 | 16 | +3 | 31 | |
| 7 | National Bank | 22 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 21 | 17 | +4 | 30 | |
| 8 | Karachi Port Trust | 22 | 9 | 2 | 11 | 29 | 28 | +1 | 29 | |
| 9 | Muslim | 22 | 8 | 5 | 9 | 26 | 26 | 0 | 29 | |
| 10 | Afghan Chaman | 22 | 6 | 5 | 11 | 24 | 29 | −5 | 23 | |
| 11 | Pakistan Railways (R) | 22 | 1 | 7 | 14 | 13 | 25 | −12 | 10 | Relegation |
| 12 | Baloch Quetta (R) | 22 | 0 | 4 | 18 | 6 | 64 | −58 | 4 | Relegation |
# Alden Biesen Castle

Alden Biesen is a 16th-century castle in the small village of Rijkhoven, municipality of Bilzen, province of Limburg, Belgium.

## Present day

The castle is used today as a cultural centre and conference centre. Festivals including the Scottish weekend and the International Story Festival are held there. "European Classes" are also held there to foster international learning and student collaboration. The first ever RSPBA Major Pipe Band Championship held outside the UK was the European Pipe Band Championships held there in September 2003.
In addition to the moated castle, the complex contains a church and gardens.

## History

The knights of the Teutonic Order founded the Landcommanderij Alden Biesen ("commandery of Alden Biesen") in the 11th century, but the current buildings were constructed between the 16th and 18th centuries. It was the headquarters of a bailiwick or province of the Teutonic Order in the region of the Maas and Rhine. On 8 March 1971 the building burnt down; it was acquired by the government, and restored.
# Alejandro Goic

Alejandro Goic may refer to:
* Alejandro Goic (actor), Chilean actor
* Alejandro Goić (bishop), Chilean bishop
# 2014 K League

2014 K League may refer to:
* 2014 K League Classic (1st Division)
* 2014 K League Challenge (2nd Division)
# Crauford

Crauford is both a surname and a masculine given name. Notable people with the name include:
* W. H. Lane Crauford (1884–1955), English writer
* Crauford Kent (1881–1953), English-born American actor
* Florence Crauford Grove (1838–1902), English mountain climber and writer
# Aristide Cavallari

Aristide Cavallari (8 February 1849 – 24 November 1914) was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Patriarch of Venice.

## Early life

Aristide Cavallari was born in Chioggia, Italy and he was educated at the Seminary of Chioggia, where he studied theology for three years. His family moved to Venice, where he continued his studies at the Patriarchal Seminary of Venice.

## Priesthood

He was ordained to the priesthood on 27 September 1872 by Cardinal Giuseppe Luigi Trevisanato, then Patriarch of Venice. After his ordination he did pastoral work in Venice, and also worked in the offices of the patriarchal curia.

## Episcopate

Pope Pius X, Patriarch of Venice until his election as Pope, soon appointed Cavallari titular bishop of Philadelphia, and auxiliary bishop of Venice on 22 August 1903 and had him consecrated the next day in Rome by Cardinal Francesco Satolli. While the search for a new Patriarch was ongoing, Cavallari was named vicar general of Venice in January 1904. He exercised these offices until he himself was promoted to the patriarchal see of Venice on 15 April 1904 to fill the vacancy left by the election of Pius X.

## Cardinalate

He was created Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria in Cosmedin (deaconry elevated pro hac vice to title) in the consistory of 15 April 1907; he participated in the conclave of 1914 that elected Pope Benedict XV.
He died shortly after this in November 1914; his remains were transferred to the Patriarchal Cathedral of Venice in November 1957.
# W. H. Laverton's Ground

W. H. Laverton's Ground is a historic cricket ground in Westbury, Wiltshire. The first recorded match on the ground was in 1888, when W. H. Laverton's XI played O. G. Radcliffe's XI. The ground hosted a single first-class match in 1890, which saw W. H. Laverton's XI playing the touring Australians.
Originally part of the grounds of Leighton House, which is today home to the Army Officer Selection Board, the field is now part of Wiltshire Council's Leighton Recreation Centre complex in Wellhead Lane, Westbury, and the Westbury & District Cricket Club is based there.
Wiltshire County Cricket Club played some matches at the ground in the early 21st century. They returned for a T20 doubleheader in April 2024; at that time the title sponsor of the ground was a local company, Frampton & Babel.
# Zeppelin LZ 121 Nordstern

The LZ 121 was a civilian airship from the Weimar Republic, a Y-Class zeppelin with a total length of 130.8 metres (429 ft 2 in). It received the nickname Nordstern while in German service, before it was given to France as war reparations on 13 June 1921. In France she was renamed the Méditerranée and operated as a civilian air transport for a year. She was transferred to the French Navy and served in the Mediterranean for four years. She was decommissioned and broken up in August 1926.

## Construction

The LZ 121 was built by Luftschiffbau Zeppelin in Friedrichshafen, Germany after the First World War as a sister ship of LZ 120. It was built to transport passengers on regular flights from Friedrichshafen to Berlin and Stockholm. The ship was completed as a Y-Class zeppelin in January 1920 and had a total length of 130.8 metres (429 ft 2 in). It had a diameter of 18.7 metres (61 ft 4 in) and a 22,500 m³ gas volume contained in 13 gas cells. The ship could reach a top speed of 130 km/h, with four Maybach Mb IVa, 245 hp 6-cylinder inline engines driving three propellers. The ship had accommodations for 16 crew members and 20 passengers in the four gondolas.

## War reparations

Nordstern was designed to carry about 25 passengers on a Friedrichshafen - Berlin - Stockholm route but this route was never opened. The older sister ship LZ 120 Bodensee did run a regular passenger service between Friedrichshafen and Berlin in late 1919.
The LZ 120 and LZ 121 were not allowed to enter service as the Allies had forbidden Germany to make any more Zeppelins at the end of 1919. The German government had hoped that it was only a temporary measure, so the Spa Conference of 1920 was held to address the issue in July 1920 at Spa, Belgium. The Commission Chairman General E. A. Masterman decided on 9 August 1920 that the two airships be given to France and Italy as war reparations. The two ships were confiscated under protest by the German government. LZ 121 was awarded to France, which in May 1921 constructed an airship hangar for the zeppelin in Saint-Cyr-l'École at Versailles.
LZ 121 set out for its maiden voyage to France on 13 June 1921 at 11:30 am. About 10,000 people went to Friedrichshafen to get a last glimpse of the airship before it departed German airspace. It reached Saint-Cyr-l'École on the evening of the same day.

## Career in France

LZ 121 was put under the command of the French airline Société Anonyme de Navigation Aérienne (Sana), where it was renamed Méditerranée and operated as a Zeppelin air transport between southern France and Algeria.

### Military career

In April 1922 the Méditerranée was handed over to the French Navy and based at Cuers-Pierrefou, Toulon. The airship was used for training. New gas cells were installed, with the work finished in early 1923.
In 1923, the Méditerranée participated in French naval maneuvers in the Mediterranean. From December 1923 the airship was limited to short-range flights, before being decommissioned and disassembled in August 1926. In September 1926 the framework of LZ 121 was tested under increasing loads until destruction.