OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# CG 4

CG 4, commonly referred to as God's Hand, is a star-forming region located in the Puppis constellation, about 1,300 light-years (400 pc) from Earth. It is one of several objects referred to as "cometary globules", because its shape is similar to that of a comet. It has a dense head formed of gas and dust, which is around 1.5 ly (0.46 pc) in diameter, and an elongated faint tail around 8 ly (2.5 pc) in length.
CG 4, and the nearby cometary globules, generally point away from the Vela Supernova Remnant, located at the center of the Gum Nebula.

## Discovery

In 1976, photographs from the UK Schmidt Telescope—operated by the Australian Astronomical Observatory—showed several objects resembling comets, located in the Gum Nebula, an emission nebula of the constellation. Due to their particular shape, these objects came to be known as cometary globules. Each globule has a dense, dark, ruptured head and a very long tail, with the latter pointing away from the Vela Supernova Remnant. As a part of the ESO Cosmic Gems program, the European Southern Observatory released an image of CG 4 in January 2015 showing the head of the nebula.

## Structure

The head of cometary globule CG 4 resembles a comet with a dusty cavernous mouth, as photographed by the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope in 2015. Composed of relatively dense, dark matter, it is an opaque structure that is being illuminated by the glow of a nearby star. An obscure red glow limbing the globule is possibly caused by emission from ionized hydrogen. The mouth of the globule appears to be ready to consume the edge-on spiral galaxy ESO 257-19. In reality, the galaxy is over a hundred million light-years further away from the globule.
# 555 Norma

555 Norma, provisional designation 1905 PT, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 33 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 14 January 1905, by German astronomer Max Wolf at Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after the title character of Bellini's opera Norma.

## Classification and orbit

Norma is a background asteroid, located near the region occupied by the Themis family, a prominent family of outer-belt asteroids with nearly coplanar ecliptical orbits. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.7–3.7 AU once every 5 years and 8 months (2,078 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.15 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in March 1911, more than six years after its official discovery observation.

## Physical characteristics
### Spectral type

In the SMASS classification, Norma is a B-type asteroid. These types of asteroids have a featureless surface that displays magnesium-rich silicates, which likely accounts for the relatively high albedo as an outer-belt asteroid. Norma surface consists of more than 50% amorphous magnesium pyroxenes based on data collected with the Subaru Telescope.

### Photometry

In April 2007, a first rotational lightcurve of Norma was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer Pierre Antonini. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 30.6 hours with a brightness variation of 0.2 magnitude (U=2). However more recent observations by two American astronomers have since superseded this result.
In December 2011, Robert Stephens at the Santana Observatory (646) obtained a lightcurve that gave a period 19.55 hours and a brightness amplitude of 0.06 magnitude (U=2+), while Frederick Pilcher measured a period of 19.508 hours with an amplitude of 0.25 at the Organ Mesa Observatory (G50) in November 2016.

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Norma measures between 27.89 and 40.11 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of between 0.063 and 0.119.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) agrees with IRAS, and derives an albedo of 0.0528 and a diameter of 40.02 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.8. CALL also assumes Norma to be a C-type asteroid (rather than a B-type) due to its derived low albedo and the general spectral type of the Themis family.

## Naming

This minor planet was named for the principal female character of the opera Norma by Italian composer Vincenzo Bellini (1801–1835). In the opera, Norma is a high priestess of the Druids. In 1955, the official naming citation was published by Paul Herget in The Names of the Minor Planets (H 59)
# Darbid

Darbid may refer to:
* Isopropamide, a drug
* Darbid, Iran (disambiguation), places in Iran
# 2004 World Mountain Running Trophy

The 2004 World Mountain Running Championships was the 20th edition of the global mountain running competition, World Mountain Running Championships, organised by the World Mountain Running Association.

## Results
### Men Senior
#### Individual

| Rank | Runner | Country | Time |
| | Jonathan Wyatt | New Zealand | 48'47" |
| | Yohannes Tesfay | Eritrea | 50'04" |
| | Raymond Fontaine | France | 50'26" |
| 4 | Helmut Schiessl | Germany | 50'50" |
| 5 | Billy Burns | England | 51'19" |
| 6 | Marco Gaiardo | Italy | 51'27" |
| 7 | Merid Teklemariam | Eritrea | 51'31" |
| 8 | John Brown | England | 51'39" |
| 9 | Marco De Gasperi | Italy | 51'42" |
| 10 | Ricardo Mejía | Mexico | 51'48" |

#### Team

| Team | Points |
| Italy | 24 |
| England | 48 |
| Germany | 67 |

### Women Senior
#### Individual

| Rank | Runner | Country | Time |
| | Rosita Rota Gelpi | Italy | 50'27" |
| | Anna Pichrtova | Czech Republic | 50'37" |
| | Andrea Mayr | Austria | 50'52" |
| 4 | Antonella Confortola | Italy | 51'04" |
| 5 | Tracey Brindley | Scotland | 51'16" |
| 6 | Svetlana Demidenko | Russia | 51'43" |
| 7 | Izabela Zatorska | Poland | 51'57" |
| 8 | Shireen Crumpton | New Zealand | 51'59" |
| 9 | Flavia Gaviglio | Italy | 52'18" |
| 10 | Petra Summer | Austria | 52'51" |

#### Team

| Team | Points |
| Italy | 14 |
| Austria | 49 |
| United States | 50 |

## Medal table (junior events included)

| Rank | Country | | | | Tot. |
| 1 | Italy | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 2 | New Zealand | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 3 | Eritrea | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | France | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | Scotland | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | Austria | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 7 | Germany | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 8 | Poland | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 8 | Switzerland | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 10 | Czech Republic | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
# Aggro Berlin (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| laut.de | |
Aggro Berlin is the fourth studio album by German rapper Sido. It was released on 30 October 2009 via Urban (Universal).
# Brood patch

A brood patch, also known as an incubation patch, is a patch of featherless skin on the underside of birds during the nesting season. Feathers act as inherent insulators and prevent efficient incubation, to which brood patches are the solution. This patch of skin is well supplied with blood vessels at the surface, enabling heat transfer to the eggs when incubating. In most species, the feathers in the region shed automatically, but ducks and geese may pluck and use their feathers to line the nest. Feathers regrow sooner after hatching in precocial birds than for those that have altricial young.
Upon settling on a nest, birds will shift in a characteristic side to side manner to ensure full contact of the brood patch with eggs or young.
The positions of brood patches can vary. Many have a single brood patch in the middle of the belly, while some shorebirds have one patch on each side of the belly. Gulls and Galliformes may have three brood patches. Pelicans, penguins, boobies, and gannets do not develop brood patches but cradle the eggs on their feet. Brood parasitic cuckoos do not develop brood patches. In species where both parents incubate, brood patches may develop in both sexes.
# Calcium ATPase

Ca$^{2+}$ ATPase is a form of P-ATPase that transfers calcium after a muscle has contracted. The two kinds of calcium ATPase are:
* Plasma membrane Ca$^{2+}$ ATPase (PMCA)
* Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca$^{2+}$ ATPase (SERCA)

## Plasma membrane Ca$^{2+}$ ATPase (PMCA)

Plasma membrane Ca$^{2+}$ ATPase (PMCA) is a transport protein in the plasma membrane of cells that serves to remove calcium (Ca$^{2+}$) from the cell. It is vital for regulating the amount of Ca$^{2+}$ within cells. In fact, the PMCA is involved in removing Ca$^{2+}$ from all eukaryotic cells. There is a very large transmembrane electrochemical gradient of Ca$^{2+}$ driving the entry of the ion into cells, yet it is very important for cells to maintain low concentrations of Ca$^{2+}$ for proper cell signalling; thus it is necessary for the cell to employ ion pumps to remove the Ca$^{2+}$. The PMCA and the sodium calcium exchanger (NCX) are together the main regulators of intracellular Ca$^{2+}$ concentrations. Since it transports Ca$^{2+}$ into the extracellular space, the PMCA is also an important regulator of the calcium concentration in the extracellular space.
The PMCA belongs to a family of P-type primary ion transport ATPases that form an aspartyl phosphate intermediate.
The PMCA is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the brain.

## Sarcoendoplasmic Reticulum Ca$^{2+}$ ATPase (SERCA)

In myocytes (muscle cells) Ca$^{2+}$ is normally sequestered (isolated) in a specialized form of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) called sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). It is a Ca$^{2+}$ ATPase that transfers Ca$^{2+}$ from the cytosol of the cell to the lumen of the SR at the expense of ATP hydrolysis during muscle relaxation. In the skeletal muscles the calcium pump in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane works in harmony with similar calcium pumps in the plasma membrane. This ensures that the cytosolic concentration of free calcium in resting muscle is below 0.1 μM. The sarcoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum calcium pumps are closely related in structure and mechanism, and both are inhibited by the tumor-promoting agent thapsigargin, which does not affect the plasma membrane Ca$^{2+}$ pumps.
# Fragments of a Hologram Rose

"Fragments of a Hologram Rose" is a science fiction short story by William Gibson. It was Gibson's first published work, originally appearing in Unearth magazine #3 (June 21, 1977), a short-lived science fiction collection magazine which retailed for $1.00; Gibson was paid $23 for the story. It tells the story of a jilted ex-lover who relies on artificial sense-recordings to sleep, in a dark, polluted city. It was subsequently published in Burning Chrome, a collection of Gibson's early short fiction.
# Calamotropha josettae

Calamotropha josettae is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1961. It is found in China.
# 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-androstane-17-one 3alpha-dehydrogenase

In enzymology, a 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-androstane-17-one 3alpha-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.152) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-androstane-17-one + NAD$^+$ $\rightleftharpoons$ 5beta-androstane-3,17-dione + NADH + H$^+$
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-androstane-17-one and NAD$^+$, whereas its 3 products are 5beta-androstane-3,17-dione, NADH, and H$^+$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD$^+$ or NADP$^+$ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-steroid:NAD$^+$ 3-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include etiocholanolone 3alpha-dehydrogenase, etiocholanolone 3alpha-dehydrogenase, and 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-steroid dehydrogenase. This enzyme participates in androgen and estrogen metabolism.
# Dargouma

Dargouma is a village in the Tikare Department of Bam Province in northern Burkina Faso. It has a population of 846.
# Aglaia heterotricha

Aglaia heterotricha is a species of plant in the family Meliaceae. It is endemic to Tonga, an archipelago in the South Pacific.
# Brood sow

Brood sow may refer to the following:
* a female pig used for breeding
* a pejorative term for a child-rearing woman, along similar lines to 'breeder'
# Calcium alpha-ketoglutarate

Calcium-alpha-ketoglutarate (C$_5$H$_4$CaO$_5$•H$_2$O) is a special form mineral calcium that can be used to restore calcium concentration level in the blood back to normal. Calcium-alpha-ketoglutarate binds excess phosphate and pass it as a waste, re-establishing normal balance of calcium and phosphate in the body.

## Health benefits

While phosphate and calcium concentration levels are normally kept in balance in healthy bodies, patients with Hyperparathyroidism have been shown to benefit from Calcium-alpha-ketoglutarate by reducing elevated concentration level of phosphate in the blood.

## Importance to bodybuilders

Calcium-alpha-ketoglutarate can be useful as a supplement for Bodybuilders who frequently have low calcium concentration level due to their high intake of proteins such as Micellar casein and Whey protein.
# Francesco Caetani, 8th Duke of Sermoneta

Francesco Caetani, 8th Duke of Sermoneta, (11 March 1594 – 9 October 1683) was an Italian nobleman in the service of the King of Spain.

## Biography

He was born in the noble Roman Caetani family as son of Filippo Caetani, VII Duke of Sermoneta and his wife, Camilla Caetani of Aragon of the Dukes of Traetto. Aged 15, he came to Spain with his uncle, cardinal Antonio Caetani (iuniore), where he was a royal page. In 1617 he became a Grandee of Spain and returned to his estates in Italy, which were in serious financial problems. In 1626, he became a Gentleman of the chamber of King Philip IV.
After the death of his first wife Anna Acquaviva d'Aragona in 1659, he was engaged and later married Leonor Pimentel Moscoso y Toledo, daughter of Antonio Pimentel Enríquez de Guzmán y Toledo. The support of his future wife and her influential family played a decisive role in Caetani's career. He became a Knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1659, Governor of the Duchy of Milan from March 1660 to September 1662, and Viceroy of Sicily from September 1662 to April 1667.
# Cortemaggiore gas field

The Cortemaggiore gas field is a natural gas field located in Cortemaggiore, Emilia-Romagna, Italy. Discovered in 2000, it was developed by Eni, determining it to have initial total proven reserves of around 495 billion ft$^3$ (14.2 km$^3$). It began production of natural gas and condensates later that year, with a production rate of around 105 million ft$^3$/day (3×10$^6$ m$^3$).
# Calamotropha joskeaella

Calamotropha joskeaella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1961. It is found in Tanzania.
# CPSL

CPSL may refer to:
* Cambridge Programme for Sustainability Leadership, an executive education department within the University of Cambridge
* Canadian Soccer League, formerly the Canadian Professional Soccer League (CPSL)
* Canadian Professional Soccer League (1983), a semi-professional soccer league of 1983
* Communist Party of Sri Lanka, a political party in Sri Lanka
# 3beta-hydroxy-5beta-steroid dehydrogenase

In enzymology, a 3beta-hydroxy-5beta-steroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.277) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    3beta-hydroxy-5beta-pregnane-20-one + NADP$^+$ $\rightleftharpoons$ 5beta-pregnan-3,20-dione + NADPH + H$^+$
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3beta-hydroxy-5beta-pregnane-20-one and NADP$^+$, whereas its 3 products are 5beta-pregnan-3,20-dione, NADPH, and H$^+$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD$^+$ or NADP$^+$ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3beta-hydroxy-5beta-steroid:NADP$^+$ 3-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include 3beta-hydroxysteroid 5beta-oxidoreductase, and 3beta-hydroxysteroid 5beta-progesterone oxidoreductase.
# Enrico Alvino

Enrico Alvino (1809–1872) was an Italian architect and urban designer, particularly active in Naples in the mid-19th century. He was born in Milan, and died in Rome.

## Works

Among his important works in Naples are:
* façade of the church of Santa Maria di Piedigrotta (1853);
* laid out (with others) the street, Corso Maria Teresa, today named Corso Vittorio Emanuele (between 1852 and 1860), finished in 1870;
* planned the restoration of the façade of the Cathedral of Naples, completed in 1870;
* redesigned the Santa Lucia quarter in 1862;
* redesigned (with others) the Villa Comunale;
* converted the ancient convent of San Giovanni a Costantinopoli into the Royal Academy of Fine Arts;
In Catania, he helped complete the Palazzo Paternò del Toscano in Piazza Stesicoro.

## Sources

* (in Italian) Emilio Lavagnino, ALVINO, Enrico in Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, II volume, Rome, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 1960.
* This article about an Italian architect or firm of architects is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Brooke O'Harra

Brooke O'Harra is a director, playwright, performer, and (with composer Brendan Connelly) co-founder of the Obie Award winning Theater of a Two-headed Calf.

## Appearances on Reality Television

** A Dating Story, Episode 110: Jason, Brooke and Ross
# Calea

CALEA may refer to:
* Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act, an act by the US Congress to facilitate wiretapping of U.S. domestic telephone and Internet traffic
* Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies, a private accrediting organization for U.S. law enforcement agencies
Calea may refer to:
* Calea (plant), a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae
* Calea UK Ltd, a supplier of Parenteral nutrition
# Francis G. Pease

Francis Gladheim Pease (January 14, 1881 – February 7, 1938) was an American astronomer.
He joined the Yerkes Observatory in Wisconsin, where he was an observer and an optician. There he assisted George W. Ritchey who built many of America's first large reflecting telescopes. In 1908 he became an astronomer and instrument maker at the Mount Wilson Observatory. Among his designs was the 100-inch (2,500 mm) telescope at that observatory, and a 50-foot (15 m) interferometer that he used to measure star diameters.
Gene Shoemaker used Pease's high quality photographs of the Moon to make its first geologic map.
He was a longtime assistant to Albert A. Michelson. In 1920, Michelson and Pease were able to use the Michelson stellar interferometer fitted to the 100-inch (2,500 mm) telescope at Mt. Wilson to measure the angular diameter of the star Betelgeuse. Their estimate of 0.047" was very close to the value that Eddington had predicted.
He would later be involved in the design of the 200-inch (5,100 mm) Hale Telescope at the Mount Palomar Observatory. In 1928 he made the first discovery of a planetary nebula within a globular cluster, later called Pease 1.
The crater Pease on the Moon is named after him.
# Coptodera aerata

Coptodera aerata is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.
# Calamotropha kurenzovi

Calamotropha kurenzovi is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Valentina A. Kirpichnikova in 1982. It is found in Primorsky Krai in the Russian Far East.
# CHA Rookie of the Year

The CHA Rookie of the Year was an annual award given out at the conclusion of the College Hockey America regular season to the best freshman player in the conference as voted by the coaches of each CHA team.
The Rookie of the Year was first awarded in 2000 and every year thereafter until 2010 when the CHA was disbanded when they could no longer retain their automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament.

## Award winners

| Year | Winner | Position | School |
| 1999–00 | Andy Berg | Center | Air Force |
| 2000–01 | Kevin Fines | Goaltender | Findlay |
| 2001–02 | Riley Riddell | Center | Bemidji State |
| 2002–03 | Scott Munroe | Goaltender | Alabama-Huntsville |
| 2003–04 | Luke Erickson | Center | Bemidji State |
| 2004–05 | Stavros Paskaris | Forward | Wayne State |
| 2005–06 | Ted Cook | Forward | Niagara |
| | Les Reaney | Center | Niagara |
| 2006–07 | Chris Moran | Forward | Niagara |
| 2007–08 | Matt Read | Center | Bemidji State |
| 2008–09 | Brad Hunt | Defenceman | Bemidji State |
| 2009–10 | Jordan George | Right wing | Bemidji State |
# 3alpha-hydroxyglycyrrhetinate dehydrogenase

In enzymology, a 3alpha-hydroxyglycyrrhetinate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.230) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    3alpha-hydroxyglycyrrhetinate + NADP$^+$ $\rightleftharpoons$ 3-oxoglycyrrhetinate + NADPH + H$^+$
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3alpha-hydroxyglycyrrhetinate and NADP$^+$, whereas its 3 products are 3-oxoglycyrrhetinate, NADPH, and H$^+$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD$^+$ or NADP$^+$ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3alpha-hydroxyglycyrrhetinate:NADP$^+$ 3-oxidoreductase.
# Enrico Anselmi

Enrico Anselmi was an Italian racing driver, who made a name for himself racing Lancias in the early 1950s.

## Racing career

Enrico Anselmi, raced internationally, primarily in sportscars between 1947 and 1957, mainly in Lancia Aprilias and Lancia Aurelias. In 1952, his big break came when Scuderia Lancia offer him the chance to drive a works Aurelia in les 24 Heures de Mans, where partnered Felice Bonetto to eighth place overall.
During this period, he enjoyed some success, scoring his only race win, in the 1951 non-championship Coppa d'Oro delle Dolomiti and finished second in the 6 Ore di Pescara. In addition, he also won his class on the Mille Miglia that season. He repeated this feat the following season and claimed another class win. Away from Sportscars, Enrico raced in just one Formula Two race, the 1951 Gran Premio del V Centenario Colombiano, but retired his Ferrari 166. In the 1952 Targa Florio, he finished third, in the year; the Aurelia occupied the whole podium of the famous Sicilian competition.
After finishing 1st and 3rd at the 1957 Coppa Inter-Europa, held at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza, in the GT1.1 and GT2.6 classes respectively, he would retire from International Motor Sport.

## Racing record
### Career highlights

| Season | Series | Position | Car |
| 1951 | Coppa d'Oro delle Dolomiti | 1st | Lancia Aurelia B20 |
| | 6 Ore di Pescara | 2nd | Lancia Aurelia |
| 1952 | Targa Florio | 3rd | Lancia Aurelia B20 Competizione |
| 1953 | Giro delle Calabria | 3rd | Lancia Aurelia 2500 GT |

### Complete 24 Hours of Le Mans results

| Year | Team | Co-Drivers | Car | Class | Laps | Pos. | Class Pos. |
| 1952 | Scuderia Lancia | Felice Bonetto | Lancia Aurelia B20 | S2.0 | 247 | 8th | 2nd |

### Complete Mille Miglia results

| Year | Team | Co-Drivers | Car | Class | Pos. | Class Pos. |
| 1947 | | P. Gianni | Fiat | S2.0 | 19th | 2nd |
| 1948 | | Remy Jacazio | Fiat 1100 | S1.1 | 11th | 8th |
| 1950 | | M. Gambaro | Lancia Aprilia | T+1.1 | 27th | 4th |
| 1951 | | Luciano Gianni | Lancia Aprilia | VU1.5 | 24th | 1st |
| 1952 | | "Semino" | Lancia Aurelia B20 | GT2.0 | 5th | 1st |
| 1953 | Scuderia Lancia | Luigi Maggio | Lancia Aurelia B20 | S+2.0 | 7th | 6th |
| 1954 | | | Lancia Aurelia B20 | S+2.0 | DNF | DNF |
| 1957 | | | Lancia Appia GT Zagato | GT1.1 | 54th | 2nd |
# Brookville Historic District

Brookville Historic District may refer to:
* Brookville Historic District (Brookville, Indiana), listed on the NRHP in Indiana
* Brookville Historic District (Brookville, Pennsylvania), listed on the NRHP in Pennsylvania