OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# "21 Azer" Medal

The "21 Azer" Medal was established in 1946 by the National Government of Azerbaijan. It was awarded to about 20 thousand people who participated in the national-democratic movement of the Southern Azerbaijan. After the fall of the National Government, awarding the medal was suspended.

## History

On 2 December 1945, the National Government of Azerbaijan was proclaimed in the Southern Azerbaijan. This event remained in history as the “21 Azer” movement as the 12 December, according to the Iranian calendar, corresponded to the 21st day of the Azer month.
The newspaper "Azerbaijan", which was the official organ of the Azerbaijan Democratic Party, stated the following about the establishment of the "21 Azer" Medal:
   During the meeting of the National Government on 7 February 1946, a decision was made to award those who directly or indirectly participated in the people's militia movement with the medal "21 Azer".
# Assheton Gorton

Assheton St George Gorton (10 July 1930 – 14 September 2014) was an English production designer. He was educated at Sedbergh School. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Art Direction for the film The French Lieutenant's Woman and was the BAFTA nominated art director for Michelangelo Antonioni's 1966 film Blowup.
Gorton had lived in Church Stoke in Powys, Wales since 1976. He died there in his sleep on 14 September 2014; he was 84. He was the son of Neville Gorton, Bishop of Coventry from 1943 to 1952, formerly headmaster of Blundell's School.

## Selected filmography

* The Knack ...and How to Get It (1965)
* Blow-Up (1966)
* Wonderwall (1968)
* The Bliss of Mrs. Blossom (1968)
* The Bed-Sitting Room (1969)
* The Magic Christian (1969)
* Get Carter (1971)
* Zachariah (1971)
* The Pied Piper (1972)
* The French Lieutenant's Woman (1981)
* Legend (1985)
* Revolution (1985)
* Lost Angels (1989)
* For the Boys (1991)
* Rob Roy (1995)
* 101 Dalmatians (1996)
* 102 Dalmatians (2000)
* Shadow of the Vampire (2000)
# Anterior ulnar recurrent artery

The anterior ulnar recurrent artery is an artery in the forearm. It is one of two recurrent arteries that arises from the ulnar artery, the other being the posterior ulnar recurrent artery.
It arises from the ulnar artery immediately below the elbow-joint, runs upward between the brachialis and pronator teres muscle and supplies twigs to those muscles. In front of the medial epicondyle it anastomoses with the superior and Inferior ulnar collateral arteries.
# Amatitlania septemfasciata

Amatitlania septemfasciata (sometimes called the Seven-stripe Cichlid or Cutter's Cichlid) is a fish species in the cichlid family. It is found on the Atlantic slope of Costa Rica, between the San Juan River drainage and the Banano River. Several currently recognized cichlid species within the genus Amatitlania were formerly considered varieties of Amatitlania septumfasciata, including Amatitlania myrnae, the Topaz Cichlid, and Amatitlania cutteri (which also sometimes uses the common name "Cutter's Cichlid").
Prior to being placed in the genus Amatitlania, it had been considered a member of the genus Archocentrus. Within Amatitlania, Amatitlania septemfasciata is placed in the subgenus Bussingius, along with the T-bar Cichlid and several other species. However, a 2008 study led by Oldřich Říčan has suggested that all the related species A. septemfasciatus, should be moved into the genus Hypsophrys.

## Natural history

Amatitlania septemfasciata grows to between 4 and 5 inches (10 and 13 cm). Males are typically larger than females. Both sexes generally have six vertical bars along each side. Females have a black spot or ocellus on the dorsal fin, which is generally surrounded by metallic coloration.
It lives in rivers on the Atlantic slope of Costa Rica. It can be found in rivers of all velocities, including slow moving and fast moving rivers. The bottom of the rivers it lives in are generally covered by rocks and leaf litter. In its natural habitat, the pH is generally between 6.6 and 7.6 and the water temperature is between 21 and 27 degrees Celsius (70 to 81 degrees Fahrenheit). Its ability to protrude its jaw 3.5% standard length limits its diet to about 1% evasive prey.
Amatitlania septemfasciata is an egg layer and a cave spawner. In breeds in crevices in the rocks at the bottom of the river. Spawnings typically result in 200 to 250 fry.
The conservation status of Amatitlania septemfasciata has not been evaluated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

## Aquarium keeping

Amatitlania septemfasciata is kept in home aquariums. It is territorial, and thus a fairly large tank that is at least 90 to 100 centimetres (35 to 39 in) long is generally recommended. It can be kept at a temperature of between 24 and 26 degrees Celsius (75 to 79 degrees Fahrenheit), and pH of about 7.0. In the home aquarium, it is willing to eat a wide variety of foods, including flake food, live foods, frozen foods, beef heart and shrimp.
Amatitlania septemfasciata can be bred in the home aquarium. It will either spawn in a cave or in the open. A temperature increase to 26 and 28 degrees Celsius (79 to 82 degrees Fahrenheit) helps induce spawning. The larvae hatch 72 to 80 hours after spawning, and are free swimming after 180 to 200 hours. The parents do not eat the fry, but rather both parents care for the fry intensively. The fry eat newly hatched brine shrimp.
# 1-NP

1-NP may refer to:
* Naphthylpiperazine
* 1-Nitropropane
# Dadu cricket team

Dadu was a first-class cricket team in Pakistan from the city of Dadu in the north-west of Sindh province. They played one season of first-class and List A cricket in 2002–03.

## Background

Dadu finished second to Multan in the second division (non-first-class) of the Quaid-i-Azam Trophy in 2001–02. Their captain, Shahid Qambrani, was the highest scorer in the competition, with 576 runs at an average of 82.28. Dadu and Multan were promoted to the top level of the Trophy for 2002–03.

## First-class matches

Dadu lost their first four matches then drew their fifth, finishing last in their group. In their first match, against Public Works Department, their wicket-keeper Wasim Ahmed took 11 catches, equalling the Pakistan record, and Athar Laeeq took 4 for 39 and 6 for 35, which remained Dadu's best innings and match figures. Shahid Qambrani, who again captained the team, was the leading run-scorer, with 257 at 25.70, but Rizwan Ahmed topped the batting averages with 213 runs at 42.60, and also took 13 wickets at 21.00. There were no centuries.

## National Bank of Pakistan Patron's Cup

Dadu also took part in the national 50-over List A competition in 2002–03, winning one match and losing four, and finishing last in their six-team group. Abid Baloch captained the team. Shahid Qambrani was again the leading scorer, and also hit the team's only century, 112 not out off 108 balls, in the victory over Lahore Blues.

## Current status

Dadu were one of six regional teams that were absorbed by stronger teams for the 2003–04 season. They merged with the neighbouring Hyderabad team.
Since Dadu lost first-class status they have continued to compete in the annual sub-first-class Inter-District Senior Tournament against other teams from the Hyderabad and Larkana regions.

## Grounds

Dadu did not play any home games in 2002–03. They now play at the District Cricket Ground, Dadu.

## Notable players

* Shahid Qambrani
# William Nowland

William Nowland (September 1804 – April 28, 1884) was the son of Second Fleet convicts Michael Nowland and Elizabeth Richards. Born in Castlehill in September 1804. He had received 160 acres of land in the Singleton area. He helped established in village of Camberwell in the 1860s. He established a 1500-acre property called Rosedale which he purchased allotments to build shops, Falbrook public school and the Queen Victoria Hotel. He also owned the property 'Waratah' until the Australian Agricultural Company took it in 1832. The discoverer of Nowlands Gap, the "gateway" to the Liverpool Plains and first road into the Hunter Valley. He died on April 28, 1884, and was buried at St Clements church ground. His body laid to rest near Singleton, New South Wales. His headstone is huge and reads; "Earth to earth, Dust to Dust. Calmly now the words we say. Leaving him to sleep in trust. Till the Resurrection-day. Father, in thy gracious keeping, leave we now thy servant sleeping."
# Wind-Up Canary

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Pitchfork Media | |
| PopMatters | |
| Wired | Favorable |
Wind-Up Canary is the 2006 debut album by American singer-songwriter Casey Dienel.

## Album

Over the winter of 2005, Dienel recorded Wind-Up Canary in a farmhouse in Leominster, Massachusetts, with friends from her time at the New England Conservatory of Music and a piano borrowed from a nearby hotel lobby.
Dienel is accompanied on the album by Peter Bitenc, Ben MacDonald, Christopher MacDonald, Juliet Nelson, Mike Olson, Rachael Price, Djim Reynolds, and Michael Winograd. According to the liner notes, it is "dedicated to the eccentrics, the non-believers, the hope-seekers, the meek-and-the-mild, the downtrodden, and the relentless dreamers everywhere. You're not the only canaries out amongst the world, so please keep singing."
Dienel, then 20, released the album in 2006 with Hush Records.

## Musical style

Writing in CMJ New Music Monthly, Steve Ciabottoni described the album as a "whimsical, lo-fi debut...With touches of saloon tunes, marches and coffeehouse folk, Dienel's song swing between genres and eras like Rufus Wainwright and Regina Spektor." Writing at NPR on the release of Wind-Up Canary, Michael Katzif described Dienel's style as an "intricate and melodic mixture of jazz, rock and the American songbook." In Pitchfork, reviewer Stephen Deusner said Dienel's "songs show traces of Nellie McKay's subversive formalism, Regina Spektor's bizarro cabaret, and Tori Amos's sweeping scope, but Dienel could be just as easily and fruitfully compared to those outside her camp-- to the Decemberists or Clem Snide or to literary types like George Saunders and Z.Z. Packer, whose short stories share an oddball sensibility and heart-rent humor with Dienel's story songs."

## Reception

The album received favorable reviews. In Pitchfork, the album received a 7.6 rating on the site's 10-point scale and AllMusic gave the album four of five stars, with reviewer Stewart Mason calling the album "a compelling, highly enjoyable debut" and describing Dienel as having "a sparkling personality all her own" as well as being "an impressively strong melodicist." PopMatters gave the album seven out of ten stars; reviewer Dave Heaton said the "debut album should get widely recognized for how fresh and how unlike everything else the music is. Her seamless blend of styles and genres into one that she alone occupies should get her a lot of attention…and for good reason. Her music is endlessly spellbinding." The Wired review said, "I'm totally smitten by her lackadaisical and smiling style, somewhere between Fiona Apple, Mirah and Sarah Harmer, and the album's a consistent spring-time pleasure."

## Track listing

All songs written by Casey Dienel.
* "Doctor Monroe" – 4:34
* "Everything" – 3:04
* "Baby James" – 3:27
* "Cabin Fever" – 5:23
* "Frankie and Annette" – 3:13
* "The Coffee Beanery" – 4:54
* "Embroidery" – 3:23
* "Fat Old Man" – 3:34
* "Stationary" – 4:02
* "Tundra" – 5:19
* "All or Nothing" – 3:58
* "The La La Song" – 4:06
# The Reefs of Space

The Reefs of Space is a dystopian science fiction novel by American writers Frederik Pohl and Jack Williamson, published in 1964. It is part of the Starchild Trilogy, the other books in the series being Starchild (1965) and Rogue Star (1969).

## Plot

The novel is set in a dystopian future where mankind is ruled by a brutal totalitarian government known as the Plan of Man, enforced by a computerized surveillance state. The main character is a genius scientist, Steve Ryeland, who is trying to build a new type of rocket drive. While Ryeland is struggling with amnesia, he has a computer companion named Oporto. Due to Ryeland's anti-government actions in the past, the Plan of Man Computer deems him to be a security risk, so he is forced to wear a bomb-equipped collar, which he is hoping to be able to remove.

## Reception

Joachim Boaz's review in Science Fiction and Other Suspect Ruminations calls it "an enjoyable read" and he praises the "quick prose", action, and dialogue that keeps the reader interested.
# Aminotoluene

Aminotoluene may refer to:
* Benzylamine (α-aminotoluene)
* Toluidines
** o-Toluidine (2-aminotoluene)
** m-Toluidine (3-aminotoluene)
** p-Toluidine (4-aminotoluene)
# Amorbia potosiana

Amorbia potosiana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found on the mountain Cerro Potosí in Nuevo León, Mexico, at altitudes of about 2,000 meters.
The length of the forewings is about 12.4 mm.

## Etymology

The species name refers to Cerro Potosí, the type locality.
# Ameghino

Ameghino may refer to:

## People

* Carlos Ameghino (1865-1936), Argentine paleontologist and explorer
* Florentino Ameghino (1853-1911), Argentine naturalist, paleontologist, anthropologist and zoologist
* Sabrina Ameghino (born 1980), Argentine sprint canoeist

## Locations
### Argentina

* Florentino Ameghino, Buenos Aires, town in Buenos Aires Province
* Florentino Ameghino Partido, district in the northwest of Buenos Aires Province
* Carlos Ameghino Provincial Museum, natural science museum in La Plata, Buenos Aires Province
* Centro Ameghino, hospital in Buenos Aires
* Florentino Ameghino Department, in Chubut Province
* Florentino Ameghino Dam, gravity dam in Chubut Province
* Villa Dique Florentino Ameghino, commune in Chubut Province
* Florentino Ameghino, Misiones, municipality in Misiones Province

### Elsewhere

* Ameghino Gully, landform in Longing Peninsula, Nordenskjold Coast, Antarctica
* Ameghino (crater), lunar crater
# Amurca

Amurca is the Latin name for the bitter-tasting, dark-colored, watery sediment that settles out of unfiltered olive oil over time. It has been known in English as "olive oil lees" and recently as "olive mill waste water (OMWW)". Historically, amurca was used for numerous purposes, as first described by Cato the Elder in De Agri Cultura, and later by Pliny the Elder. Cato mentions its uses as a building material (128), pesticide (91, 92, 96, 98), herbicide (91, 129), dietary supplement for oxen (103) and trees (36, 93), food preservative (99, 101), as a maintenance product for leather (97), bronze vessel (98), and vases (100), and as a treatment for firewood in order to avoid smoke (130).
# Assisting offender

An assisting offender is a suspected or convicted criminal in the United Kingdom, who has agreed to assist the investigation or prosecution of other on their own criminal history.
In the United Kingdom the use of assisting offenders is enabled by the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (SOCPA), the relevant sections of which came into force in 2006. The relevant sections are:

## Immunity

Section 71 of the SOCPA allows a specified prosecutor to grant an assisting offender immunity from prosecution.

## Restricted use undertaking

Section 72 of the SOCPA allows a specified prosecutor to grant an undertaking to an assisting offender that information will not be used against that person. It is a form of limited immunity.

## Reduced sentence

Section 73 of the SOCPA allows a specified prosecutor to sign an agreement with the assisting offender that the assistance of the offender will be brought to the attention of a court in order to allow the court to pass a reduced sentence on the assisting offender.

## Review of sentence

Section 74 of the SOCPA allows a specified prosecutor to seek a review of a previously sentenced prisoner who has entered an agreement to assist the prosecution or investigation of other criminals in exchange for a reduced sentence.

## Use of legislation

The 2005 legislation placed the use of so-called "supergrasses" onto a statutory footing.
Assisting offenders have been used in some notable cases with mixed results. In 2007 Rhys Jones was shot dead in Liverpool as part of a gang related incident. One of the suspects was later arrested in possession of a firearm and became an assisting offender, giving evidence for the prosecution. In Northern Ireland the use of assisting offenders was heavily criticised when the trial of 13 men for a range of terrorist crimes ended with only one conviction after a trial that had cost £11.5 million
# Anthene larydas

Anthene larydas, the spotted hairtail or common ciliate blue, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Senegal, the Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Burkina Faso, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, western Kenya to South Africa and Mozambique.
The larvae feed on Acacia farnesiana, Afzelia species, Albizia gummifera, Albizia zygia, Dichrostachys glomerata and Hypericum species. They are associated with the ant species Pheidole aurivillii race kasaiensis, Camponotus akwapimensis var. poultoni and Crematogaster striatula var. horati.
# Cuerda

The term "cuerda" (Spanish for rope) refers to a unit of measurement in some Spanish-speaking regions, including Puerto Rico, Guatemala, Cuba, Spain, and Paraguay. In Puerto Rico, the term cuerda (and "Spanish acre") refers to the unit of area measurement. In Guatemala, cuerda is both a unit of length measurement as well as of area measurement. As a unit of area measurement, the Guatemalan cuerda can have various meanings. In Cuba, cuerda refers to a unit of volume measurement; in Spain and Paraguay, it refers to a unit of distance (length).

## By unit type

Cuerda is a unit of area, volume, and distance (length), depending on the country of use.

### Area: Puerto Rico and Guatemala

In Puerto Rico, a cuerda is a traditional unit of land area nearly equivalent to 3,930 square meters, or 4,700 square yards, 0.971 acre, or 0.393 hectare (ha). The precise conversion is 1 cuerda = 3,930.395625 m$^2$. The term "Spanish acre" instead has been used sometimes by mainlanders. A cuerda and an acre have often been treated as equal because they are nearly the same size.
According to Carlos Menocal Villagran, in Guatemala, the term cuerda refers to a unit of area and can have various meanings. Cuerda can refer to areas that are 50 x 50, 40 x 40, 30 x 30, 25 x 25 or 20 x 20 varas (i.e. 2500, 1600, 900, 625, or 400 square varas). In addition, some sources describe a cuerda as 32 x 32 varas. In Guatemala, the linear vara is equivalent to 0.8421 meters. Thus,
* One cuerda of 50 x 50 varas = 1,746.84 square meters
* One cuerda of 40 x 40 varas = 1,117.98 square meters
* One cuerda of 30 x 30 varas = 628.87 square meters
* One cuerda of 25 x 25 varas = 436.71 square meters
* One cuerda of 20 x 20 varas = 279.50 square meters

### Volume: Cuba

In Cuba, a cuerda is a traditional unit of volume for firewood, about 21% smaller than the U.S. cord. A cuerda of firewood is equivalent to 0.79 cord or 2.87 cubic meters (128 cubic pies).

### Distance: Guatemala, Spain and Paraguay

In Guatemala, a cuerda is a traditional unit of distance, equal to exactly 25 varas or almost 21 meters (nearly 69 feet).
During 19th-century Spain, a cuerda was a unit of length, of nearly 6.889 m (approx. 7.554 yd). However, in Valencia, Spain, the cuerda measured 40 varas, over 5.4 times longer, as nearly 37.21 m (approx. 40.7 yd).
# 2011 Penza Cup – Doubles

Mikhail Elgin and Nikolaus Moser were the defending champions, but Moser decided not to participate. As a result, Elgin partners up with Alexander Kudryavtsev, but they withdrew prior to the tournament beginning.
Arnau Brugués Davi and Malek Jaziri won the title, defeating Sergey Bubka and Adrián Menéndez 6–7$^{(6–8)}$, 6–2, [10–8] in the final.

## Seeds

* Mikhail Elgin / Alexander Kudryavtsev (withdrew)
* Sergey Bubka / Adrián Menéndez (final)
* Mikhail Vasiliev / Amir Weintraub (semifinals)
* Konstantin Kravchuk / Lukáš Lacko (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| LL | N Mektić Marin Milan | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Kumantsov M Ryderstedt | 5 | 2 | | LL | N Mektić Marin Milan | 6 | 6$^1$ | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Illia Chkonia Vadim Kutsenko | 6 | 6 | | WC | Illia Chkonia Vadim Kutsenko | 3 | 7$^7$ | [2] | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Timur Alshin Alexey Tumakov | 2 | 3 | | | | | | | LL | N Mektić Marin Milan | 3 | 4 | | | | | |
| 4 | K Kravchuk L Lacko | 2 | 5 | | | | | | | | A Brugués Davi M Jaziri | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| | A Brugués Davi M Jaziri | 6 | 7 | | | A Brugués Davi M Jaziri | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Q | V Baluda Pavel Chekhov | 5 | 6 | [6] | LL | Vitaly Kachanovskiy S Strelkov | 2 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | |
| LL | Vitaly Kachanovskiy S Strelkov | 7 | 2 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | A Brugués Davi M Jaziri | 6$^6$ | 6 | [10] |
| | Ervand Gasparyan Vitali Reshetnikov | 1 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | S Bubka A Menéndez | 7$^8$ | 2 | [8] |
| | M Chiudinelli D Sitak | 6 | 6 | | | M Chiudinelli D Sitak | 2 | 6 | [7] | | | | | | | | | |
| | Nikolai Fidirko Sergei Krotiouk | 4 | 2 | | 3 | Mikhail Vasiliev A Weintraub | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | Mikhail Vasiliev A Weintraub | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 3 | Mikhail Vasiliev A Weintraub | 6$^3$ | 1 | | | | | |
| WC | Victor Komlev Anton Zaytsev | 4 | 7$^7$ | [8] | | | | | | 2 | S Bubka A Menéndez | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | |
| | M Ledovskikh Aleksandr Lobkov | 6 | 6$^5$ | [10] | | M Ledovskikh Aleksandr Lobkov | 0 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | D Matsukevich M Semjan | 6 | 6$^5$ | [8] | 2 | S Bubka A Menéndez | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | S Bubka A Menéndez | 4 | 7$^7$ | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Cyclo Industries

Cyclo Industries is a 'specialty chemicals' company that handles the performance, maintenance, and appearance of markets. The company was founded in 1959 and serves the automotive, heavy-duty / fleet, industrial, agricultural and marine segments.
Cyclo Industries is located in Jupiter, Florida, USA. The company has distributor relationships in over 80 countries across the world. In 2006, Pidilite Industries, headquartered in Mumbai, India acquired Cyclo Industries. The Cyclo brand was developed in 1959, with the first products being service chemicals, brand names being Carb Clean and Brake & Parts Clean. The original packaging is red, white, and blue in order to represent the company's American heritage and allows mechanics to distinguish the product easily on the shelf.

## History

The company was established in 1959 in the United States. Cyclo started its brands as a line of service chemicals sold through traditional warehouse distributors to jobbers. Subsequently, the brand began to be sold to professional mechanics and individuals.
The first product was Carb Clean® Fast Gum Cutter.

## Acquisitions

In 2000, Cyclo Industries acquired the brands Rain Dance, Rally, and No. 7 from Clorox.
In 2003, Cyclo Industries acquired the brand Tanner Preserve.