OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Balsall Common Viaduct

Balsall Common Viaduct is a railway viaduct under construction in Balsall Common that will carry the High Speed 2 railway line.
The finalised design of the viaduct was issued in February 2023; it will be a mostly concrete structure, comprising 16 piers and a bridge deck approximately 10 metres (33 feet) above ground. Various measures to mitigate acoustic, environmental, and community impact will be incorporated into the construction process and the finished viaduct.

## Design

The Balsall Common Viaduct will carry the railway line over Station Road, Bayleys Brook, the Heart of England Way, and the local floodplain. It will have a length of 425 metres (1,394 feet), be supported by 16 piers, and have a deck approximately 10 metres (33 feet) above ground. The piers have been designed to minimise their visual impact as much as possible while still fulfilling all relevant technical requirements as structural members. The viaduct will be constructed primarily of concrete and has been designed to require low levels of maintenance and to last for 120 years.
The viaduct features barrier parapets that incorporate an integrated acoustic surface to absorb the noise generated by passing trains. These parapets will be polished as to intentionally reflect the sky in order to reduce the viaduct's visual impact. Environmental impact mitigation measures include a native woodland planting scheme that will also provide screening of the viaduct; neighbouring land will also see hedgerow planting to improve wildlife connections. Bayleys Brook will be realigned to increase habitat for fish and aquatic invertebrates. Existing public rights of way will also be maintained and a new public space of roughly one hectare will likely be provisioned, the specifics of which are to be based on community input.
The main contractor for the viaduct's construction is Balfour Beatty VINCI. The method of construction would reportedly include the use of precast concrete beams along with other precast elements, such as the bridge parapets. Haulage routes between the site and the Lavender Hall Lane and Park Lane compound will be provisioned to separate the majority of construction traffic from the local road network. Various temporary measures to minimise the impacts of HS2 on the landscape and environment will be implemented.

## Construction

Following a twelve month community consultation process, the finalised design for the viaduct was released during February 2023. The consultation process was criticised for a lack of alternative options for the viaduct being presented to the community. In May 2023, the British government overruled two rejections by Solihull Council for construction lorries bringing materials for the Balsall Common Viaduct works from driving on village roads; the rejections had been made on safety grounds, alleging that the roads lacked sufficient width and mitigating measures had not been satisfactory. The project has been criticised for presenting a lack of alternative options during the community feedback stage, as well as for the additional road traffic that construction activity has generated.
# Bancroft Township, Freeborn County, Minnesota

Bancroft Township is a township in Freeborn County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 1,065 at the 2000 census.
Bancroft Township was organized in 1858, and named for George Bancroft, an American historian.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 33.7 square miles (87 km$^2$), of which 33.7 square miles (87 km$^2$) is land and 0.03% is water.
Bancroft Creek flows through the township.

## Transportation

Interstate 35 crosses the eastern side of the township, leading north to Clarks Grove and south to Albert Lea. Interstate 90 crosses the southern side of the township, immediately north of Albert Lea. County Road 22 exit provides access to the township along I-90. Albert Lea Municipal Airport and Riverland College are both nearby. Other routes in the township include County Roads 14, 20, 25, 45, and 101.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,065 people, 397 households, and 325 families residing in the township. The population density was 31.6 inhabitants per square mile (12.2/km$^2$). There were 404 housing units at an average density of 12.0 per square mile (4.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 99.25% White, 0.09% African American, 0.28% Asian, 0.09% from other races, and 0.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.07% of the population.
There were 397 households, out of which 33.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 78.3% were married couples living together, 2.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.1% were non-families. 15.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 2.98.
In the township the population was spread out, with 25.9% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 28.9% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 112.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.5 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $47,102, and the median income for a family was $52,875. Males had a median income of $33,611 versus $24,904 for females. The per capita income for the township was $22,744. About 1.5% of families and 2.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.2% of those under age 18 and 3.8% of those age 65 or over.
# Bambino (song)

"Bambino" (Italian for "Little Boy" or "Child") is a song recorded by Italian-French singer Dalida that became her first major hit. It was first released on 28 October 1956 as the title song of her third EP, prior to her debut album Son nom est Dalida, where it was also included. It is a French version of the Neapolitan song "Guaglione".
"Bambino" spent 45 weeks atop the French song charts, becoming the longest-running number one song in world history. It also topped the charts of several other countries and was subsequently covered in Arabic language by Jean Dujardin, for the soundtrack of OSS 117: Cairo, Nest of Spies.

## Charts

| Chart (1957–1958) | Peak position |
| Quebec | 1 |
| Wallonia | 1 |
| France | 1 |
| Flanders | 5 |
# Banana beer

Banana beer is an alcoholic beverage made from fermentation of mashed bananas. Sorghum, millet or maize flour are added as a source of wild yeast.

## Etymology

In Uganda, banana beer is known as mubisi, in DR Congo as Kasiksi, in Kenya as urwaga, and in Rwanda and Burundi as urwagwa.

## Background

Banana beer is sometimes consumed during rituals and ceremonies. A similar product called mwenge bigere is made in Uganda with only bananas and sorghum. It can also be found under the names kasiksi, nokrars, rwabitoke, urwedensiya, urwarimu and milinda kaki.

## Production

Banana beer is made from ripe (but not over-ripe) East African Highland bananas (Musa acuminata Colla (AAA-EA), Mbidde clone set). To accelerate the ripening of bananas, a hole is dug in the ground, lined with dried banana leaves which are then set on fire. Fresh banana leaves are laid on top of them, then the unripe bananas. These are then covered by more fresh banana leaves and pseudostems. After four to six days, the bananas are ripe enough. This method only works in the dry season. During the rainy season, bananas are ripened by putting them on a hurdle near a cooking fire.
Two types of banana are used for banana beer: the harsh tasting igikashi and the milder tasting igisahira. The banana beer mixture consists of one third igikashi and two thirds igisahira. Once ripened, the bananas are peeled. They are not ripe enough if they cannot be peeled by hand. After peeling, the bananas are kneaded until soft. The juice is then filtered to get clear banana juice, which is then diluted with water. Sorghum is ground, lightly roasted, and then added to the juice. This mixture is left to ferment for 24 hours and then filtered.
After filtering, the beer is packaged in glass or plastic bottles. In commercial production, the beer may first be pasteurized before packaging to stop fermentation and extend shelf life.

## Varieties

In Tanzania, there is a banana beer called mbege, which is still brewed traditionally.
Commercial brands include:
* Mongozo Banana Beer
* Raha
* Agashya
# Banja (Fojnica)

Banja is a village in the municipality of Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 34.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Croats | 33 | 97.1% |
| Bosniaks | 1 | 2.9% |
| Total | 34 | 100% |
# Bandwidth (radio program)

Bandwidth was a Canadian radio program, which formerly aired on most CBC Radio One stations in Ontario on Saturday afternoons. The program, produced by CBO-FM in Ottawa, was broadcast in all Ontario markets except Toronto, where CBLA-FM airs its own local production, Big City, Small World, in the same time slot. The program also formerly aired in Nunavut, where it was later replaced by The True North Concert Series.
Hosted by Meg Wilcox, the program was an arts and culture magazine which profiles the music scene in the province, including album reviews, interviews with musicians, and live concert performances. Amanda Putz was the program's original host, but took a sabbatical from 2006 to 2009 to work for Radio Television Hong Kong and CBC Radio 3. Later hosts included Alan Neal and Adam Saikaley.
The program's cancellation was announced in April 2014, as part of funding cuts to the CBC. Repeats continued to air in the program's old timeslot until the new program In the Key of C, hosted by Craig Norris from the studios of CBLA-FM-2 in Kitchener, was launched in the fall.
The producers of Bandwidth were also associated with Fuse, a concert series which aired across Canada on all three of CBC's radio networks.
See also CBC Radio One local programming.
# Work 1989–2002

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| NME | |
| Rolling Stone | |
Work 1989–2002 is a compilation album by the British electronica duo Orbital, released in 2002. It features a selection of singles and rare tracks from their career. Work was Orbital's final album for FFRR.

## The album

"Chime", "Choice", "Satan" and "Belfast" were previously released (in different forms) on the US version of Orbital (1991). The version of "Satan" was released on the Spawn soundtrack. "Lush", "Impact" and "Halcyon" appeared on the Brown Album. "Are We Here?" appeared on Snivilisation. "The Box" was a single for the In Sides album. "Nothing Left" and "Style" are from the album The Middle of Nowhere. "Funny Break" and "Illuminate" are from The Altogether.
# 1870 East Suffolk by-election

The 1870 East Suffolk by-election was held on 1 June 1870 after the incumbent Conservative MP John Henniker-Major was raised to the peerage as the fifth Baron Henniker. It was retained by the Conservative candidate Viscount Mahon.
This was the seventh time that the Liberal candidate, Sir Shafto Adair, had been defeated in East Suffolk, although there had earlier been some speculation that he would be returned unopposed.
East Suffolk by-election, 1870 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Viscount Mahon | 3,456 | 51.3 | −2.0 |
| | Liberal | Sir Shafto Adair | 3,285 | 48.7 | +2.0 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 171 | 2.6 | +0.5 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,741 | 74.7 | −0.9 |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | -2.0 | |
# Thibaut Duval

Thibaut Duval (born 1 February 1979) is a Belgian pole vaulter.
Duval finished eighth at the 1998 World Junior Championships, fourth at the 2000 European Championships in Gent and fifth at the 2002 European Indoor Championships. He also competed at the World Championships in 1999 and 2003 as well as the 2000 Olympic Games, without reaching the final round.
His personal best jump is 5.70 metres, achieved in June 2000 in Oordegem and in Vienna in 2002, which at that time was the Belgian national record but has since been surpassed.
# Andrew Lubahn

Andrew Lubahn (born September 10, 1991) is an American retired soccer player.

## Career
### Professional

Lubahn played college soccer at Wake Forest University between 2010 and 2013. Lubahn currently sits in the top 10 for goals scored at Wake Forest University.
While at college, Lubahn appeared for USL PDL clubs Michigan Bucks and Carolina Dynamo.
Lubahn signed with United Soccer League club Harrisburg City Islanders on August 8, 2015.
Lubahn moved to USL side Louisville City FC on January 28, 2016.
Lubahn moved to NASL side San Francisco Deltas and won the 2017 NASL Championship with the club.
Lubahn signed with USL Championship expansion club side Loudoun United FC on February 16, 2019. He is the fourth player Loudoun has signed in history. He was left as a free-agent after the 2019 USL season.
# 2014 Aspria Tennis Cup – Doubles

Marco Crugnola and Daniele Giorgini were the defending champions, but decided not to compete.
Guillermo Durán and Máximo González won the title, defeating James Cerretani and Frank Moser in the final, 6–3, 6–3.

## Seeds

* Guillermo Durán / Máximo González (champions)
* Nicolás Barrientos / Juan Carlos Spir (semifinals)
* Sergey Betov / Alexander Bury (first round)
* James Cerretani / Frank Moser (final)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | G Durán M González | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | F Baldi M Donati | 4 | 3 | | 1 | G Durán M González | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | G Naso A Ungur | 6 | 6 | | | G Naso A Ungur | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Eugenio Gibertini Vito Gioia | 1 | 0 | | | | | | | 1 | G Durán M González | | | | | | | |
| 3 | S Betov A Bury | 5 | 2 | | | | | | | | F Argüello M Cuevas | w/o | | | | | | |
| | F Argüello M Cuevas | 7 | 6 | | | F Argüello M Cuevas | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | M Cecchinato A Motti | 3 | 6 | [10] | | M Cecchinato A Motti | 1 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | A Brizzi Riccardo Sinicropi | 6 | 4 | [5] | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | G Durán M González | 6 | 6 |
| | H Dellien R Olivo | 7 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | | | | | | 4 | J Cerretani F Moser | 3 | 3 |
| | C Grassi P Starace | 5 | 6$^5$ | | | H Dellien R Olivo | 6 | 6$^5$ | [4] | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Behar V Mirzadeh | 4 | 4 | | 4 | J Cerretani F Moser | 2 | 7$^7$ | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | J Cerretani F Moser | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 4 | J Cerretani F Moser | 6$^9$ | 7$^7$ | [10] | | | | |
| | S Galdós A Molteni | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | 2 | N Barrientos JS Spir | 7$^{11}$ | 6$^3$ | [6] | | | | |
| | J Lizariturry A Ramos | 3 | 6$^5$ | | | S Galdós A Molteni | 1 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | G Tošić A Veić | 4 | 4 | | 2 | N Barrientos JS Spir | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | N Barrientos JS Spir | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Arthur Irving Gates

Arthur Irving Gates (22 September 1890 – 24 August 1972) was an American educationist who specialized in educational psychology. He wrote several books and papers on remedial education, testing, and reading; and served as a professor in Columbia University.
Gates was born in Red Wing, Minnesota to William P. and Lenore Gaylord (who had a son from an earlier marriage). He began to read by the age of three thanks to his mother's teaching. The family moved in 1892 to Fortuna, California where his father worked in a lumber company. He went to local schools and joined the University of California, Berkeley majoring in experimental psychology. He spent a few years of graduate studies and then moved to Columbia University where he obtained his doctoral degree in 1917 and then joined as a teaching fellow. He became a full professor in 1956. He wrote several books on the psychology of reading, the remediation of reading difficulties, and put forward support for the view that children should not be taught reading as an end in itself or as an isolated activity but in the context of things and activities that they find interesting. Some of his students included Ruth Strang, Margaret Mead, Dorothy Van Alstyne, Guy L. Bond, and David H. Russell. His student Walter H. McGinitie was involved in the creation of the reading test known as the Gates-McGinitie Reading Test.
In 1920 he married Georgina Strickland, who received a PhD in psychology from Columbia University. They had a daughter Katherine who was a doctorate in English literature from Harvard-Radcliffe.
# 2021–22 Ranji Trophy Group E

The 2021–22 Ranji Trophy was the 87th season of the Ranji Trophy, the premier first-class cricket tournament in India. It was contested by 38 teams, divided into eight groups, with four teams in Group E. All the Group E league matches took place in Trivandrum. The tournament was announced by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) on 3 July 2021. Uttarakhand won Group R to progress to the knockout stage of the tournament.

## Points table

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | L | T | D | NR | Pts | Quot |
| 1 | Uttarakhand | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 1.398 |
| 2 | Andhra Pradesh | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 1.183 |
| 3 | Services | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 0.872 |
| 4 | Rajasthan | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0.723 |
Advances to Quarter-final

## Fixtures
### Round 1

* 17–20 February 2022 Scorecard
* Rajasthan won by 158 runs St Xavier's College Ground, Thumba Umpires: Abhijit Bengeri and GS Ananth Ramakrishnan Player of the match: Ashok Menaria (Rajasthan)
* Rajasthan won the toss and elected to bat.
* Anirudh Singh, Manav Suthar (Rajasthan), Pinninti Tapaswi, Tripurana Vijay and Yara Sandeep (Andhra Pradesh) all made their first-class debuts.
* 17–20 February 2022 Scorecard
* Uttarakhand won by 9 wickets Greenfield International Stadium, Thiruvananthapuram Umpires: Belur Ravi and KR Vasuki Player of the match: Dikshanshu Negi (Uttarakhand)
* Uttarakhand won the toss and elected to field.
* Nitin Yadav (Services) made his first-class debut.

### Round 2

* 24–27 February 2022 Scorecard
* Match drawn St Xavier's College Ground, Thumba Umpires: Dharmesh Bhardwaj and Akshay Totre Player of the match: Ricky Bhui (Andhra Pradesh)
* Andhra Pradesh won the toss and elected to bat.
* Shaik Rasheed (Andhra Pradesh) made his first-class debut.
* 24–27 February 2022 Scorecard
* Uttarakhand won by 299 runs Greenfield International Stadium, Thiruvananthapuram Umpires: GS Ananth Ramakrishnan and KR Vasuki Player of the match: Mayank Mishra (Uttarakhand)
* Rajasthan won the toss and elected to field.
* Kamlesh Nagarkoti (Rajasthan) and Tanush Gusain (Uttarakhand) both made their first-class debuts.

### Round 3

* 3–6 March 2022 Scorecard
* Andhra Pradesh won by 8 wickets St Xavier's College Ground, Thumba Umpires: Belur Ravi and Akshay Totre Player of the match: Cheepurapalli Stephen (Andhra Pradesh)
* Uttarakhand won the toss and elected to bat.
* Deepesh Nainwal (Uttarakhand) made his first-class debut.
* 3–6 March 2022 Scorecard
* Services won by 10 wickets Greenfield International Stadium, Thiruvananthapuram Umpires: Abhijit Bengeri and Dharmesh Bhardwaj Player of the match: Rajat Paliwal (Services)
* Services won the toss and elected to field.
* Samarpit Joshi (Rajasthan) and Shivam Tiwari (Services) both made their first-class debuts.
# 2022 Yamaguchi gubernatorial election

The 2022 Yamaguchi gubernatorial election was held on 6 February 2022 to elect the next governor of Yamaguchi (山口県, Yamaguchi-ken), a prefecture of Japan in the Chūgoku region of the main island of Honshu.

## Candidates

* Tsugumasa Muraoka, incumbent, endorsed by LDP and Komeito.
* Mari Chiba, women's rights activist, endorsed by JCP and SDP.

## Results

Yamaguchi gubernatorial 2022 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal Democratic | Tsugumasa Muraoka * | 340,503 | 87.07 | 4.85 |
| | Communist | Mari Chiba | 50,566 | 12.93 | 4.85 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 394,630 | 34.91 | 1.58 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 1,130,290 | | |
| | Liberal Democratic hold | Liberal Democratic hold | Swing | | |
# 2022 in Benin

Events in the year 2022 in Benin.

## Incumbents

* President – Patrice Talon
* Vice President – Mariam Chabi Talata
* National Assembly President – Louis Vlavonou
* Foreign Affairs Minister: Aurélien Agbénonci

## Events

Ongoing – COVID-19 pandemic in Benin

### February

* 8 February – Armed terrorists attack W National Park in the North of Benin. Of the eight people killed, five were park rangers, one was their French instructor, another a soldier, and the last an official. Ten people were injured.
* 10 February – Another African Parks official is killed after their vehicle hits a bomb planted by terrorists.

### April

* 12 April – Five soldiers are killed and several wounded when the army convoy struck an explosive device placed by suspected Islamist militants in Pendjari National Park, according to two military sources.
* 22 April – The International Monetary Fund (IMF) reaches a staff-level agreement on a new 42-month extended credit facility worth $658 million, according to the IMF.
* 26 April
** At least one police officer is killed and several wounded in an attack on Monsey police station in Karimama. This attack is part of the spillover of militant activity from neighbouring Burkina Faso and Niger, according to two police sources.
** The Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance of Saudi Arabia begins implementing an iftar program, targeted 24,000 beneficiaries.
* 27 April – Dutch impact investor Oikocredit invests $1.4 million in solar mini-grid provider Weziza to implement a long-awaited rural electrification project.

## Deaths

* 15 February – Vivi l'internationale, singer (b. 1946)
* 2 March – Moussa Okanla, scholar and diplomat (b. 1950)
* 29 May – Osayuki Godwin Oshodin, academic administrator (b. 1950)
* 17 December – Soumanou Oke, military officer (b. 1955)