OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zf.Ger.38

The Zf.Ger.38 is a machine gun of German origin. The weapon is a blank firing training weapon also used for static defence. When the Allies examined the weapons discovered in the German Reich after World War II, they came across a device which was classified as a “spring gun” or “trip wire activated static defense machine gun”. It was a practice device with the name “Zielfeuergerät 38″.

## Overview

The Zf.Ger.38 is a blowback operated magazine fed training weapon, using 7.92×57mm wooden bullet blanks. The simple construction was sturdily implemented, and reduced to the most necessary functioning parts. The device functions as a blowback operated weapon with unlocked bolt in full automatic mode only.
# Clever Maria

Clever Maria is a Portuguese fairy tale. Andrew Lang included it in The Crimson Fairy Book.

## Synopsis

A merchant had three daughters, and the youngest, Maria, was the most beautiful. The merchant gave each daughter a pot of basil and forbade them to receive visitors. One day, the king came with two friends. Maria said she and her sisters would get wine from the cellar. The king said they were not thirsty. The sisters said they would not go. Maria said she would go just the same. Then she ran to a neighbour's and stayed there the night. The king was angry, but her basil did not wither, as her sisters' did.
The daughters looked over at the king's garden, and the oldest daughter asked Maria to climb down a rope and steal some fruit for her. A gardener caught her, but she escaped. The next day, the second daughter asked her to steal a fruit basket for her, but this time the king caught her. He questioned her, she denied nothing, and he told her to follow him to the house. Though he turned to make sure she followed him, she managed to escape. He fell ill.
Meanwhile, her two sisters had married the king's friends and had babies. Maria took the babies to show the king. Maria went about, calling for someone to give the babies to the king, who was sick of love. The king bought it and was infuriated that he held the babies. He knew the merchant had returned and ordered him to bring him a coat of stone or lose his head. Maria told him to take the fabric to the castle and demanded to measure the king. The king changed his order: he had to bring not the coat but his daughter Maria. Maria told her father to make her a doll of herself, with strings so she could make it nod and shake its head. Maria went to the castle and hid behind the doll. When the king recounted her misdeeds, she made the doll nod. Because she was mocking him, he cut off the doll's head. Its head fell toward him, and he said that the man who killed her deserved to die and turned the sword on himself. Maria jumped out to stop him. They married and lived happily.

## Variants

The Italian Sapia Liccarda is another variant of this tale.
# Viola bertolonii

Viola bertolonii is a species of violet known by the common name Bertoloni's pansy, belonging to the Violaceae family.

## Etymology

The genus name, derived from the Latin word “viere” meaning “to tie”, possibly refers to the flexuosity of these plants. The species epithet honors the Italian botanist Antonio Bertoloni (1775–1869).

## Description

The biological form of Viola bertolonii is hemicryptophyte scapose, as its overwintering buds are situated just below the soil surface and the floral axis is more or less erect with a few leaves. It has a particularly low chromosome number (2n = 20) and possibly dates back to the late Tertiary.
Viola bertolonii is a rare herbaceous perennial plant with a prostrate-ascending stem about 5–15 centimetres (2.0–5.9 in) high. The basal leaves are small, from round to oval, with an elongated petiole, while the upper leaves are linear and narrow, with pinnate stipules. The large blue-violet flowers have a corolla of about 2–4 centimetres (0.79–1.57 in) wide. The flowering period extends from April through June.

## Distribution

It is an endemic with a quite restricted distribution range. It is only present in south eastern France (possibly) and in north western Italy, in the Apennines of Liguria (Regional Park of Monte Beigua, Piani di Praglia, Monte Pracaban, Monte Leco, Punta Martin) and Piedmont (Natural Park of Capanne di Marcarolo).

## Habitat

The species is strictly associated with ultramafic serpentine substrates. It grows on ophiolites in mountain environments in meadows and rocky slopes, at an altitude of 600–1,000 metres (2,000–3,300 ft) above sea level.

## Subspecies

* Viola bertolonii subsp. bertolonii
* Viola bertolonii subsp. messanensis

## Gallery

* Plants of Viola Bertolonii
* Plants of Viola Bertolonii
* Plant of Viola Bertolonii
* Flowers of Viola Bertolonii
* Flowers of Viola Bertolonii
# William Fones

William Hardin Davis Fones (October 6, 1917 – December 23, 2010) was an American jurist who served on the state supreme court of Tennessee.
Fones was born in Friendship, Tennessee, and moved to Memphis with his family during the Depression. In Memphis he was educated at Messick High School and West Tennessee State Teachers College, which later became the University of Memphis. After college he studied law at the University of Tennessee, graduating before the United States entered World War II. Immediately after the attack on Pearl Harbor he enlisted in the U.S. Army, becoming a bomber pilot for the Fifth Army Air Force and flying 90 combat missions in the Pacific.
Upon returning to civilian life after World War II, Fones commenced the private practice of law in Memphis. He spent 25 years with the firm of Rosenfield, Borod, Fones, Bogatin & Kremer, leaving in 1971 to assume a circuit court judgeship.
In 1973, Fones was appointed an associate justice of the Tennessee Supreme Court by governor Winfield Dunn, a Republican. In 1974, after the Tennessee General Assembly repealed the law adopting the Modified Missouri Plan for appointment of state supreme court judges, a partisan election was held for all five seats on the court. Fones, who declared himself a political independent, stood for election and became the only incumbent among five candidates endorsed by the Democratic Party. The Democratic slate won the election and Fones was to remain on the court until his retirement in 1990, including service as chief justice.
Fones' tenure on the Tennessee Supreme Court is considered to have been a progressive period for the court. The court modernized Tennessee law, introducing new rules of evidence and new procedures for criminal and appellate courts, and it convinced the Tennessee General Assembly to establish a public defender system. Among its decisions were rulings that overturned statutes found to impose a gender bias, including a law requiring married women to take their husbands' surnames and provisions of workers' compensation statutes that directed that male surviving spouses be treated differently from female surviving spouses. Other noteworthy decisions expanded the right to sue for negligence, upheld a state open meetings law, threw out Tennessee's death penalty law due to a U.S. Supreme Court decision that had found mandatory death penalties to be unconstitutional, established that judges deciding child custody cases should consider the "best interest of the child," and upheld a ban on the practice of snake handling during religious services.
Fones was married for more than 50 years to the former Rebecca Barr, who died in 2000. They had two children.
Fones died in Memphis on December 23, 2010, following a long illness.
# Amelanchier sinica

Amelanchier sinica, commonly known as the Chinese serviceberry, is a serviceberry native to China. Its fruit, a pome, is dark-blue when it ripens. Plants are found in Henan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Hubei, Sichuan provinces of China at elevations of 1000--2000 meters.
# Zfp82 zinc finger protein

ZFP82 zinc finger protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZFP82 gene.
# The Caravan Trail

The Caravan Trail is a 1946 American Western film directed by Robert Emmett Tansey and written by Frances Kavanaugh. The film stars Eddie Dean, Lash LaRue, Emmett Lynn, Jean Carlin, Robert Malcolm and Charles King. The film was released on April 20, 1946, by Producers Releasing Corporation.

## Cast

* Eddie Dean as Eddie Dean
* Lash LaRue as Cherokee
* Emmett Lynn as Ezra
* Jean Carlin as Paula Bristol
* Robert Malcolm as Jim Bristol
* Charles King as Reno
* Robert Barron as Joe King
* Forrest Taylor as Judge Silas Black
* Bob Duncan as Poker Face
* Jack O'Shea as Killer
* Terry Frost as Bart Barton
# Viola braguesa

Viola braguesa is a stringed instrument from Braga, north-western Portugal. It has 10 strings in 5 courses. The strings are made of steel. It is tuned C$_4$/C$_3$–G$_4$/G$_3$–A$_4$/A$_3$–D$_4$/D$_4$–G$_4$/G$_4$. The scale length is about 500 mm (20 inches).

## Requinta

Many Portuguese violas [pt], such as the Viola braguesa, have smaller requinto versions also, called 'requinta'. The viola braguesa requinta is tuned: A$_4$/A$_3$–C$_5$/C$_4$–F$_5$/F$_4$–C♯$_5$/C♯$_5$–E$_5$/E$_5$. This tuning is a fifth above the standard Viola braguesa.
# Willem de Vos

Willem de Vos may refer to:
* Willem de Vos (academic)
* Willem de Vos (painter)
# American Stonehenge

American Stonehenge may refer to:

## Places

* America's Stonehenge, an archaeological site in Salem, New Hampshire
* Amazon Stonehenge, an archaeological site in northern Brazil
* Tiwanaku, a Pre-Columbian archaeological site in western Bolivia
* Georgia Guidestones, a contemporary megalith in Elbert County, Georgia

## Other

* American Stonehenge (album), by Robin Williamson and his Merry Band
# 1980–81 Japan Ice Hockey League season

The 1980–81 Japan Ice Hockey League season was the 15th season of the Japan Ice Hockey League. Six teams participated in the league, and the Seibu Tetsudo won the championship.

## Regular season

| | Team | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA | Pts |
| 1. | Seibu Tetsudo | 20 | 16 | 2 | 2 | 89 | 43 | 34 |
| 2. | Oji Seishi Hockey | 20 | 16 | 3 | 1 | 111 | 51 | 33 |
| 3. | Kokudo Keikaku | 20 | 12 | 6 | 2 | 109 | 60 | 26 |
| 4. | Jujo Ice Hockey Club | 20 | 7 | 13 | 0 | 68 | 100 | 14 |
| 5. | Sapporo Snow Brand | 20 | 3 | 16 | 1 | 46 | 125 | 7 |
| 6. | Furukawa Ice Hockey Club | 20 | 3 | 17 | 0 | 48 | 92 | 6 |
# Zfp41 zinc finger protein

ZFP41 zinc finger protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZFP41 gene.
# Tardos function

In graph theory and circuit complexity, the Tardos function is a graph invariant introduced by Éva Tardos in 1988 that has the following properties:
* Like the Lovász number of the complement of a graph, the Tardos function is sandwiched between the clique number and the chromatic number of the graph. These two numbers are both NP-hard to compute.
* The Tardos function is monotone, in the sense that adding edges to a graph can only cause its Tardos function to increase or stay the same, but never decrease.
* The Tardos function can be computed in polynomial time.
* Any monotone circuit for computing the Tardos function requires exponential size.
To define her function, Tardos uses a polynomial-time approximation scheme for the Lovász number, based on the ellipsoid method and provided by Grötschel, Lovász & Schrijver (1981). Approximating the Lovász number of the complement and then rounding the approximation to an integer would not necessarily produce a monotone function, however. To make the result monotone, Tardos approximates the Lovász number of the complement to within an additive error of $1/n^{2}$, adds $m/n^{2}$ to the approximation, and then rounds the result to the nearest integer. Here $m$ denotes the number of edges in the given graph, and $n$ denotes the number of vertices.
Tardos used her function to prove an exponential separation between the capabilities of monotone Boolean logic circuits and arbitrary circuits. A result of Alexander Razborov, previously used to show that the clique number required exponentially large monotone circuits, also shows that the Tardos function requires exponentially large monotone circuits despite being computable by a non-monotone circuit of polynomial size. Later, the same function was used to provide a counterexample to a purported proof of P ≠ NP by Norbert Blum.
# Clione okhotensis

Clione okhotensis is a species of sea angel, a pelagic marine gastropod (sea slug) in the family Clionidae.

## Distribution

The only known localities of Clione okhotensis are in the southern Sea of Okhotsk and the Kuril–Kamchatka Trench area in the western Pacific Ocean. It has been found at depths of 0.3 to 1.5 m (1 ft 0 in to 4 ft 11 in) below the surface of the water. Its distribution overlaps with those of C. limacina and C. elegantissima, two separate species of the same genus found in the North Pacific.

## Description

Clione okhotensis only reaches up to 0.8 cm (0.3 in) in body length, making the species substantially smaller than most other Clione species, such as C. limacina, which has a body length of up to 3 cm (1.2 in) in comparison. The species is considered paedomorphic, as adults retain many juvenile characteristics upon maturing. As a result, Clione okhotensis strongly resemble and were previously mistaken for juvenile C. limacina.
Like all Clione species, Clione okhotensis is characterized by a translucent body revealing a bright orange-red visceral mass that occupies much of the upper middle body. Its mouth is represented by a radula with buccal cones and chitinous hooks for predation. Although most Clione species utilize buccal cones for predation, the buccal cones of Clione okhotensis are much smaller than those of other species and are not utilized in predatorial behavior.

## Ecology

Clione okhotensis inhabits cold, shallow waters of the Sea of Okhotsk. It is a specialized predator of Limacina helicina, a species of sea snail. Like C. limacina, it utilizes chitinous hooks to secure its prey and swallow it whole. Although its buccal cones are unused in predation, they are still visibly retracted and extended during attempt behavior. During searching behavior, it excretes a sticky fluid and swims with its body elongated and stretched out, characteristics of predatorial behavior that are uniquely not present in C. limacina. A known predator of Clione species is the pink salmon. Though the direct effects of global warming on Clione okhotensis have yet to be evaluated, its populations could be negatively impacted by a decline in the populations of its primary prey, Limacina helicina, which is extremely vulnerable to ocean acidification due to its aragonitic (calcium carbonate) shell.
# Vital (grape)

Vital is a white Portuguese wine grape variety that is grown primarily in Western Portugal. Sometimes known under the synonym Malvasia Corado, the variety tends to produce rather neutral flavor wine with low acidity unless the grape is grown in vineyards of high altitude.
Another common synonym in the Lisboa VR of the former Estremadura Province is Malvasia Fina though ampelographers are not sure if Vital is related to the Malvasia grown widely in Italy, Greece and throughout Europe. One key difference that ampelographers note is that the shape of the leaves of Vital and the various Malvasia species tend to be very different. Even in the Douro DOC there is a Malvasia Fina used in Port wine production that may or may not be the same variety as Vital.

## List of DOCs

Vital is a permitted variety in several Portuguese wine regions including the following Denominação de Origem Controlada (DOC)s:
* Alenquer DOC
* Arruda DOC
* Encostas d'Aire DOC
* Óbidos DOC
* Tejo DOC
* Setúbal DOC
* Torres Vedras DOC

## Winemaking and wine styles

In addition to growing Vital in higher altitude vineyards to maintain acidity, winemakers will often complement Vital's somewhat bland flavors with blending with other varieties or with a little bit of oak aging. According to wine expert Oz Clarke, well made examples of Vital can exhibit an interesting minerality.

## Synonyms

In addition to Malvasia Corada and Malvasia Fina, Vital is known under several various synonyms including: Boal Bonifacio, Malvazia Corada, Malvasia Fina de Douro, Malvasia Fina do Douro and Malvasia ou Malvazia.
# 1998 Emmy Awards

1998 Emmy Awards may refer to:
* 50th Primetime Emmy Awards, the 1998 Emmy Awards ceremony honoring primetime programming during June 1997 – May 1998
* 25th Daytime Emmy Awards, the 1998 Emmy Awards ceremony honoring daytime programming during 1997
* 26th International Emmy Awards, honoring international programming
# Willem de Mérode

Willem de Mérode (September 2, 1887 in Spijk – May 22, 1939 in Eerbeek) was the pseudonym of the Dutch poet, Willem Eduard Keuning.

## Biography

Willem Eduard Keuning was born in the Netherlands on 2 September 1887, at Spijk (Groningen). He started writing at the age of fifteen.
Between 1907 and 1924 he was a teacher at the primary school in Uithuizermeeden. He was a subtle man, deeply religious. He explored many genres of writing, using a different pseudonym for every style. He wrote over 2,300 poems, but didn't publish all of them. His homosexuality made him controversial, especially in his religious environment.
In 1924 he was accused of sexual misconduct with a boy of 16 whom he knew from the school where he taught. In those days heterosexual contact between adults and minors as from 16 years was allowed, however homosexual contact in that context was not (Hans Hafkamp). The authorities of provence Groningen convicted him and he served 8 months in jail in 1924 as a result. In addition he was not allowed to practise his job as a teacher for 3 years. The boy concerned had not accused De Mérode. He and his parents stayed friends with De Mérode their whole life. The prison time hurt him deeply and afterwards he withdrew to Eerbeek and lived his life almost as a recluse. Nevertheless, he wrote his best work during and after his sentence.
Willem de Mérode loved to travel and see art. He visited several cities, amongst them Paris, Rome, Venice and München. However, travelling was very demanding for him as he was always wrestling with his health.
In 1939, after a poetic mood during which he wrote over 70 poems, he became ill and on 22 May he died. Willem de Merode/Willem Eduard Keuning is buried in Eerbeek, a small village in the middle of the Netherlands, where he spent most of his years after his devastating prison time.

## Sources

* Hans Werkman: Bitterzoete overvloed. De wereld van Willem de Mérode, Aspekt, Soesterberg 2011, ISBN 978-94-6153-039-4
* Hans Werkman: De Mérode en de jongens, De Prom, Baarn 1991, ISBN 90-6801-287-8
* Helma de Boer: www.willemdemerode.nl, digital information center about Willem de Mérode

## Literature in English

Hans Hafkamp, 'The life of a Christian boy-lover. The poet Willem de Mérode (1887–1939)', in: Paidika volume 1 number 1 (summer 1987), p. 46-
# Amir Ali Ahmadi

Amir Ali Ahmadi is a professor in the Department of Operations Research and Financial Engineering at Princeton University. He is primarily known for his work on mathematical optimization.

## Biography

Ahmadi obtained a B.S. in both mathematics and electrical engineering at the University of Maryland in 2006. He then received his M.S. and PhD from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2008 and 2011 respectively, where he was supervised by Pablo Parrilo. After this, he spent a year in the Robot Locomotion Group at MIT as a postdoctoral fellow before joining the IBM Watson Research Center in 2012 as a Herman Goldstine Fellow. He is now professor in the department of Operations Research and Financial Engineering at Princeton University.

## Honors and awards

Ahmadi's work is mostly in optimization. In his thesis, he answered a 20-year-old open problem posed by N. Z. Shor. For this contribution and other contributions to the study of the computational aspects of convexity, he and his co-authors received the 2012 INFORMS Computing Society Prize. He is also the recipient of the 2017 Sloan Research Fellowship in Computer Science and 2019 Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers.
# Zdwórz Lake

Zdwórz Lake (Polish: Jezioro Zdworskie) is an artificial lake in the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland. It is undergoing ecological restoration due to eutrophication (excessive plant growth).
# Te Au o Tonga

Te Au o Tonga ("the mist of the South") is a reconstruction of a vaka moana, a double-hulled Polynesian voyaging canoe. It was built in 1994 by former Cook Islands Prime Minister Thomas Davis and the Cook Islands Voyaging Society. It was used to teach polynesian navigation.
The vaka is made of laminated wood, 72 feet long, with a displacement of 10 to 12 tons, and a crew of 18. It has inspired other designs, being used by the Okeanos Foundation for the Sea as a model for a group of fibreglass-hulled replicas, including Marumaru Atua, and later by the Te Aurere Voyaging Society in New Zealand as a model for their kauri-hulled Te Aurere. It has also featured in the filmThe Legend of Johnny Lingo.
Since 2002 the vaka has been based in Aitutaki. In 2012 it completed a refit, with repairs to the hull and crossbeams. In 2014 it completed a further refit, which replaced the hull, decks, and spars. It is currently used for training and tourism trips in the Aitutaki lagoon.

## Voyages

* In 1995 Te Au o Tonga made an inaugural voyage to Raiatea, Tahiti, Nuku Hiva, Hawaii, Molokai and Oahu.
* In August 1995 it sailed as part of a protest fleet against a resumption of French nuclear testing at Moruroa.
* In 1996 it sailed to Samoa for the VII Pacific Arts Festival, and then to Tonga and New Zealand.
* In 1999 it sailed to Auckland, New Zealand, for the opening of the Americas's Cup challenge, and then on to Gisborne for the Millennium celebrations. It later returned to Auckland for the America's Cup regatta.
* In 2002 it sailed to Tahiti, Huahine, Raiatea, Tahaa, Borabora, and Mitiaro.
* In July 2008 it sailed to American Samoa for the Festival of Pacific Arts.
# 1998 Azerbaijani presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Azerbaijan on 11 October 1998. The result was a victory for Heydar Aliyev of the New Azerbaijan Party, who received 78% of the vote. Voter turnout was reported to be 79%.
The election occurred under the context in which Heydar Aliyev had cemented "complete political control" of Azerbaijan, as his party controlled the legislature and the state dominated the media. The main opposition parties in Azerbaijan boycotted the election with the exception of Etibar Mammadov. Election monitors noted that there was a ballot stuffing and allegations of fabricated vote counts. After the election, Mammadov appealed the election to Azerbaijan's Supreme Court, which rejected his appeal.
An independent assessment of the vote put the outcome at 50-60% for Aliyev and 25% for Mammadov.

## Results

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Heydar Aliyev | New Azerbaijan Party | 2,556,059 | 77.61 |
| | Etibar Mammadov | Azerbaijan National Independence Party | 389,662 | 11.83 |
| | Nizami Suleymanov | Independent Azerbaijan Party | 270,709 | 8.22 |
| | Firudin Hasanov | Azerbaijan Communist Party | 29,244 | 0.89 |
| | Ashraf Mehdiyev | Endeavour Party | 28,809 | 0.87 |
| | Khanhuseyn Kazimli | Azerbaijan Social Prosperity Party | 8,254 | 0.25 |
| Against all | Against all | Against all | 10,910 | 0.33 |
| Total | Total | Total | 3,293,647 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 3,293,647 | 98.07 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 64,818 | 1.93 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 3,358,465 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 4,255,717 | 78.92 |
| Source: Nohlen et al. |||||