# Adolph Caesar

Adolph Caesar (December 5, 1933 – March 6, 1986) was an American film and theater actor. Known for his signature deep voice, Caesar was a staple of off-Broadway as a member of the Negro Ensemble Company, and as a voiceover artist for numerous film trailers. He earned widespread acclaim for his performance as Sgt. Vernon Waters in Charles Fuller's Pulitzer Prize-winning A Soldier's Play, a role he reprised in the 1984 film adaptation A Soldier's Story, for which he received Academy Award and Golden Globe Award nominations, and won an NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture.

## Early life and education

Caesar was born in Harlem, New York City in 1933 as the youngest of three sons born to a Dominican mother and a black indigenous father. At age 12, he contracted laryngitis which led to his notably deep voice.
After graduating from George Washington High School in 1952, Caesar enlisted in the United States Navy during the Korean War era, serving as a hospital corpsman for five years, achieving the rank of chief petty officer. Upon his discharge from the service, he decided to break into the theater and went on to study drama at New York University, graduating in 1962.

## Career
### Early career

Caesar made his film debut in 1969 in Che!, playing Cuban revolutionary Juan Almeida Bosque. A year later, Caesar became an announcer for and then joined the Negro Ensemble Company in 1970 for productions such as The River Niger, Square Root of the Soul, and The Brownsville Raid. Caesar also later worked with the Minnesota Theater Company, Inner City Repertory Company, and the American Shakespeare Theatre. He had a stint on the soap operas Guiding Light and General Hospital in 1964 and 1969, respectively.
Thanks to his voice, Caesar found frequent work as a voice-over artist for television and radio commercials, including theatrical previews and radio commercials for many blaxploitation films such as Cleopatra Jones, Superfly, Truck Turner and The Spook Who Sat by the Door. For many years, he was the voice of the United Negro College Fund's publicity campaign, reciting the iconic slogan "...because a mind is a terrible thing to waste."
Later in his career, Caesar also lent his voice to the animated series Silverhawks, in which he voiced Hotwing, a magician and skilled illusionist.
In 1980, Caesar appeared in the infamous Bruceploitation mockumentary Fist of Fear, Touch of Death, playing himself as a fictional television news reporter investigating the death of Bruce Lee.

### A Soldier's Play

Caesar’s most iconic work started with his role as US Army Sergeant Vernon C. Waters in Charles Fuller's Pulitzer Prize-winning stage drama, A Soldier's Play, for which Caesar won Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actor in a Play and an Obie Award for Outstanding Off-Broadway Achievement. A Soldier’s Play is set in Louisiana during World War II. Sgt. Waters is an ambitious Black drill sergeant who strives for recognition for African-American soldiers while detesting "Geechees", as he terms uneducated, subservient, and unintelligent southern Blacks, as an obstacle to racial equality and the success of the future African American upper class, and who need to be removed at all costs. The play and film are a murder mystery that unfolds in flashbacks, as a Black JAG Captain investigates Sgt. Waters' murder at the beginning of the play and which the Captain eventually reveals to have been a fragging by one of Waters' own men.
In a 1985 interview with the Los Angeles Times, Caesar stated, while crafting the character of Waters, he drew on his experiences with racism in Classical theatre, "I’d studied Shakespeare to death. I knew more about Shakespeare than Shakespeare knew about himself. After I did one season at a Shakespearean repertory company, a director said to me, ‘You have a marvelous voice. You know the king’s English well. You speak iambic pentameter. My suggestion is that you go to New York and get a good colored role.' Waters has tried his best, but no matter what you do, they still hate you." Caesar subsequently coined the character's signature phrase, "They still hate you".
Caesar subsequently reprised his role as Waters in Norman Jewison's 1984 film adaptation of Fuller's play, retitled A Soldier's Story. His performance was acclaimed and earned him numerous accolades, including Academy Award and Golden Globe Award nominations for Best Supporting Actor, and an NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture. He also won the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor.

### Later career

On the basis of his Soldier's Story success, Caesar was cast in Steven Spielberg's The Color Purple as Old Mister Johnson, the father of Danny Glover's character. He also appeared on an episode of The Twilight Zone and an ABC Afterschool Special. Caesar's last completed film was Club Paradise, released posthumously.

## Personal life and death

Caesar had three children with his wife Diane, whom he was married to until his death.
Caesar was working on the Los Angeles set of the 1986 film Tough Guys (with Burt Lancaster and Kirk Douglas) when he suffered a heart attack and died a short time later. His role was recast with Eli Wallach. He was interred at the Ferncliff Cemetery in Hartsdale, New York.

## Works
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Director | Notes |
| 1969 | Che! | Juan Almeida | Richard Fleischer | |
| 1975 | Tarzoon: Shame of the Jungle | Brutish (voice) | Picha Boris Szulzinger | English-language version |
| 1979 | The Hitter | Nathan | Christopher Leitch | |
| 1980 | Fist of Fear, Touch of Death | Himself | Matthew Mallinson | |
| 1984 | A Soldier's Story | Sgt. Vernon Waters | Norman Jewison | |
| 1985 | The Color Purple | Old Mister Johnson | Steven Spielberg | |
| 1986 | Club Paradise | Prime Minister Solomon Gundy | Harold Ramis | Released posthumously |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1968 | The Wild Wild West | Vidoq | Episode: "The Night of the Gruesome Games" |
| 1969 | General Hospital | Douglas Burke | |
| 1970 | The Challenge | Clarence Opano | Television film |
| 1978 | Watch Your Mouth | Jeff Cremer | 2 episodes |
| 1984 | Guiding Light | Zamana | |
| 1985 | Tales from the Darkside | Mars Gillis | Episode: "Parlour Floor Front" |
| 1986 | The Twilight Zone | The Supervisor | Episode: "A Matter of Minutes" |
| 1986 | Fortune Dane | Charles Dane | Episode: "Pilot" |
| 1986 | ABC Afterschool Specials | Dr. Rancid | Episode: "Getting Even: A Wimp's Revenge" |
| 1986 | SilverHawks | Hotwing / Seymour (voices) | Main cast |

### Theatre (partial)

| Year | Title | Role | Director | Theatre | Notes |
| 1965–67 | Happy Ending / Day of Absence | Jackson | Philip Meister | St. Mark's Playhouse | |
| 1971 | Rosalee Pritchett | Robert Barron | Shauneille Perry | St. Mark's Playhouse | |
| 1971 | Perry's Mission | Lester "Bobo" Johnson | Douglas Turner Ward | St. Mark's Playhouse | |
| 1971 | Ride a Black Horse | Harold | Douglas Turner Ward | St. Mark's Playhouse | |
| 1971 | Mary Stuart | Count Bellievre | Jules Irving | Vivian Beaumont Theater | Broadway debut |
| 1971–72 | The Sty of the Blind Pig | Doc | Shauneille Perry | St. Mark's Playhouse | |
| 1972 | A Ballet Behind the Bridge | Lalsingh | Douglas Turner Ward | St. Mark's Playhouse | Also choreographer |
| 1972 | Frederick Douglass...Through His Own Words | Frederick Douglass | Douglas Turner Ward | St. Mark's Playhouse | Also playwright |
| 1974 | Nowhere to Run, Nowhere to Hide | The Newscaster | Dean Irby | St. Mark's Playhouse | |
| 1975 | Waiting for Mongo | Doodybug | Douglas Turner Ward | St. Mark's Playhouse | |
| 1976–77 | The Brownsville Raid | Pvt. James Holliman | Israel Hicks | Lucille Lortel Theatre | |
| 1977 | The Square Root of Soul | — | Perry Schwartz | Lucille Lortel Theatre | As playwright |
| 1979 | Plays from Africa | | Dean Irby | St. Mark's Playhouse | |
| 1979 | A Season to Unravel | Garrison | Glenda Dickerson | St. Mark's Playhouse | |
| 1980 | Lagrima del Diablo | Aquilo | Richard Gant | St. Mark's Playhouse | |
| 1981–83 | A Soldier's Play | Sgt. Vernon Waters | Douglas Turner Ward | Julia Miles Theater | |

## Awards and honors

| Award | Year | Category | Nominated work | Outcome |
| Academy Award | 1985 | Best Supporting Actor | A Soldier's Story | Nominated |
| Daytime Emmy Award | 1987 | Outstanding Performer in Children's Programming | ABC Afterschool Specials ("Getting Even: A Wimp's Revenge") | Nominated |
| Drama Desk Award | 1982 | Outstanding Featured Actor in a Play | A Soldier's Play | Won |
| Golden Globe Award | 1985 | Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture | A Soldier's Story | Nominated |
| Los Angeles Film Critics Association | 1984 | Best Supporting Actor | A Soldier's Story | Won |
| NAACP Image Award | 1985 | Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture | A Soldier's Story | Won |
| Obie Award | 1983 | Outstanding Off-Broadway Achievement | A Soldier's Play | Won |