# Basra Memorial

The Basra Memorial is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission war memorial near Zubayr, Iraq. The memorial commemorates 40,682 Commonwealth forces (99% Indians) members who died during the Mesopotamian Campaign, from the Autumn of 1914 to the end of August 1921, and whose graves are not known. The memorial was designed by Edward Prioleau Warren. It was unveiled by Gilbert Clayton on 27 March 1929. Originally located eight kilometres north of Basra, near the Shatt al-Arab River, it was moved southwest in 1997 to a battleground from the much more recent Gulf War.

## Current State

The Telegraph reported on 10 November 2013 that the memorial had suffered vandalism, with some of its items missing which include the Cross of Remembrance and the bronze plaques from the Wall of Remembrance, carrying the names of the fallen. Without any ongoing efforts at maintenance by the CWGC the site is in a poor state of repair although approximately 62 of the 68 panels are still present and readable.
The BBC reported in 2016 that Colin Kerr, then the Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) publicity director, said that a total of 30,000 Indian soldiers are not named on the Basra memorial, despite fallen British soldiers being named, only Indian officers are accorded with the honour. The deaths of the non-commissioned men are commemorated by regiment but simply as "and 258 other Indian soldiers" or "and 272 other Indian soldiers." Kerr added that the commission knew their identities and had launched a project to find ways to publicise them both in India and in Britain. To date (July 2024) this has not been done and there are no deadlines or ongoing efforts to do so.
The site is situated amongst piles of debris from surrounding open gravel and sand extraction pits. There is a concrete barrier preventing spoil spilling onto the site. The CWGC abandoned the site to the elements in the early 2000's.
All 68 panels were photographed for posterity by a private individual and are available online for public use.
The CWGC has no plans to renovate this or any other war grave or memorial site in the country.

## Burials

There are 5 VC's listed on the Basra Memorial:
Sergeant David Finlay
VC614 David Finlay BORN 25 January 1893 DIED 21 January 1916 AGE 22 VC Won 9 May 1915 AGE 22 Place VC Won Rue du Bois Aubers Ridge France War Campaign First World War 1915 Panel 25
Private James Henry Fynn
VC695 James Henry Fynn BORN 24 November 1893 DIED 30 March 1917 AGE 23 VC Won 9 April 1916 AGE 22 Place VC Won Sanna-I-Yat Mesopotamia now Iraq War Campaign First World War 1916 Panel 17
Lt Colonel Charles Henry Cowley
VC699 Charles Henry Cowley BORN 21 February 1872 DIED 25 April 1916 AGE 44 VC Won 24-25 April 1916 AGE 44 Place VC Won River Tigris Magasis near Kut-el-Amara Mesopotamia now Iraq Panel 1
Lt. Humphrey Osbaldston Brooke Firman
VC700 Humphrey Osbaldston Brooke Firman BORN 24 November 1886 DIED 25 April 1916 AGE 30 VC Won 24-25 April 1916 AGE 30 Place VC Won River Tigris Magasis near Kut-el-Amara Mesopota Panel 1
Captain George Stuart Henderson
VC, DSO & Bar, MC (5 December 1893 – 24 July 1920) was a British Army officer and a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Panel 31