OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 8th Canadian Infantry Brigade

The 8th Canadian Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the Canadian Army that saw active service during World War I and World War II as part of the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division. The brigade fought on the Western Front during World War I from December 1915 to November 1918, and in Normandy and north-west Europe in 1944–1945 during World War II. It was a square formation of four infantry battalions during World War I, but was reduced to a triangular formation of three battalions during World War II.

## History
### World War I

Raised in December 1915 in France, the 8th Brigade formed part of the 3rd Canadian Division, and was formed from six Mounted Rifles regiments that were converted into infantry units, forming four infantry battalions. The brigade's first major action was fought around Mount Sorrel, where the brigade's commander, Brigadier General Victor Williams, was captured. After this, the brigade took part in most of the major actions fought by the Canadians on the Western Front for the next two-and-a-half years until the armistice in November 1918.

### World War II

Formed once again as part of the 3rd Canadian Division, the 8th Brigade headquarters formed in September 1940, consisting of three infantry battalions supported by an anti-tank company. Training was conducted in Canada, and by July 1941, the brigade departed for the United Kingdom. After training in Britain, the 8th Brigade formed part of the assault forces on D-Day, at Juno Beach. The 8th went ashore in the area Courseulles-sur-Mer, Bernières-sur-Mer and St Aubin-sur-Mer, its task was to clear the beach and establish a beachhead perimeter before moving inland. Clearance of Courseilles was quickly done, thanks to detailed planning. Although the 8th Brigade reached is objectives by D-Day evening, "mopping-up" of by-passed German strongpoints took another ten days.

## Structure
### World War I

During World War I, the 8th Brigade consisted of the following units:
* 1st Battalion, Canadian Mounted Rifles, CEF: December 1915 – 11 November 1918
* 2nd Battalion, Canadian Mounted Rifles, CEF: December 1915 – 11 November 1918
* 4th Battalion, Canadian Mounted Rifles, CEF: December 1915 – 11 November 1918
* 5th Battalion, Canadian Mounted Rifles, CEF: December 1915 – 11 November 1918
In addition, the brigade was supported by a machine gun company and a trench mortar battery.

### World War II

During World War II, the 8th Brigade consisted of the following units:
* 1st Battalion, The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada
* 1st Battalion, Le Régiment de la Chaudière
* 1st Battalion, The North Shore (New Brunswick) Regiment
* 8th Infantry Brigade Ground Defence Platoon (Lorne Scots)
# Eulophoscotolinx

Eulophoscotolinx is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.
# Mesh Pillay

Mesh Pillay is the founder and CEO at YW Capital an African empowerment entity with assets in real estate, resources, ICT and other sectors. He is also Chairman of the Assore BEE Trust and founder of Elever Limited. YW Capital's advisory council is constituted with some of the most influential and powerful individuals across the African continent. Previously an investment banker and businessman based between London and Johannesburg, South Africa. He spent time at both Deutsche Bank and Renaissance Capital, and is former head of Equity Capital Markets for sub-Saharan Africa at Standard Bank. He is considered to be one of the few bankers and entrepreneurs with in-depth African experience and reach into significant pools of capital earmarked for Africa. More recently being involved with some of the largest privatisations on the continent and represents various African governments.
More recently he has partnered with Laliga -the Spanish Football League to negotiate their commercial contracts across Africa and India. He has worked with some of the largest Indian corporations with interests in Africa including, the Tata Group, Jindal, Murugappa Group and the respective families.
Many of the global sovereign funds seek his insights on their equity investments on the continent including Abu Dhabi Investment Corporation (UAE), CDC (UK), Tamasek (Singapore) and PIF (Saudi Arabia).
He has studied at the University of Cape Town, Duke University, Columbia University, Imperial College (London).
# Ghuseni

Dhuseni is a town and Village Development Committee in Ilam District in the Province No. 1 of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,767 persons living in 705 individual households.
# Gnash

Gnash may refer to:
* Gnash (software), a Flash (SWF) media player
* Gnash (musician) (born 1993), American DJ
* Gnash (mascot), the mascot of Nashville Predators in NHL
# Ampittia dalailama

Ampittia dalailama is a species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It was described by Paul Mabille in 1876. It is found in Tibet and western China. Hindwing beneath brown, densely dusted with yellow scales, with three yellow spots near the base and a postmedian as well as a subterminal row of yellow dots; the postmedian spots of cellules 3 and 4 are placed near the centre of these cellules and cover their whole breadth.

## Subspecies

* Ampittia dalailama dalailama
* Ampittia dalailama jesta Evans, 1939 (China)
# Gen's Black Maverick

Gen's Black Maverick is a Tennessee Walking Horse stallion. He has won two World Championships and the 2017 World Grand Championship in the Tennessee Walking Horse National Celebration.

## Life and career

Gen's Black Maverick is a black stallion. He was sired by Gen's Black Gin and out of the mare Cash For Roses; both his parents are World Champions. Gen's Black Maverick is owned by Keith and Lorraine Rosbury of Bell Buckle, Tennessee and trained by Bill Callaway of Shelbyville. Gen's Black Maverick has competed in the Tennessee Walking Horse National Celebration multiple times; he and Callaway entered the World Grand Championship in both 2014 and 2015. Both years, I Am Jose was the winner, but in 2014 Gen's Black Maverick placed second, making him the Reserve World Grand Champion, and in 2015 he placed third. He and Callaway won the World Grand Championship in the 2017 Tennessee Walking Horse National Celebration. Gen's Black Maverick had previously won two World Championships. Later the same year, the Walking Horse Trainers Association named him Horse of the Year in the Stallions 15.2 and Over division.
# Marshallese cuisine

Marshallese cuisine comprises the fare, foods, beverages and foodways of the Marshall Islands, including its food-related customs and traditions. Common indigenous and traditional foods include breadfruit, coconut, bananas, papaya, seafood, pandanus and bwiro. Additional imported foods, such as rice and flour, are also a part of people's diets and contribute to the cuisine as well. The practice of food preservation is a part of the history of the islands, and continues to occur today.

## Common foods and dishes

Foods and dishes consumed on the Marshall islands includes breadfruit, bananas, coconut, papaya, rice and rice dishes such as sticky rice balls, seafood, fish and fried fish, coconut crab, chicken, pork, clams, sashimi, sea turtles and coconut water. Breadfruit is a staple food, as is fish, with an average Marshallese fish consumption amount consisting of 240 pounds annually. Fishing is a common activity on the islands, and there are 50 various phrases and words in the Marshallese language devoted to fishing techniques alone. Several foods, such as rice, flour, sugar and tea, are imported into the islands, and are sometimes used to supplement foods that are indigenous to the islands.

## Traditional foods, dishes and customs

Foods play a significant role in celebrations and special events on the islands. In Marshallese culture, it is a custom for foods to be provided to the Iroij, chiefs in the Marshall Islands, as a form of recognition and respect.
Some traditional foods and dishes include pandanus, breadfruit, including bwiro, a breadfruit dish consisting of breadfruit paste that is fermented, wrapped in banana leaves and cooked in an underground oven, roasted breadfruit and mashed taro root. Copra, the dried meat or kernel of the coconut, is a significant export of the Marshall islands, and is used to make oil by pressing.
In Marshallese culture, a kemem is a celebration party that commences upon a child's first birthday. At kemems it is traditional for a plethora of Marshallese and other various foods and dishes to be served, and along with food consumption, guests are typically encouraged to take some sort of household item from the home of the party. In Marshallese culture, a family's generosity is sometimes considered as relative to the family having a lessened amount of material items left after the kemen is over.

## Food preservation

Food preservation has been an historic part of Marshallese culture and food security on the islands, and continues to be practiced today, although not as much as in the past. A dried pandanus paste continues to be produced by people on the northern atoll Ratak Chain islands of Ailuk, Likiep and Mejit, where it is referred to as mokwan, and also by people on the Ralik Chain islands of Ujae, Lae and Wotho, who refer to the paste as jããnkun. When properly prepared, the pandanus paste is storable and remains edible for years. Bwiro, the fermented and cooked breadfruit dish, can be preserved "for many months without spoiling".
# Eugene Thompson

Eugene Thompson may refer to:
* Flash Thompson (Eugene Thompson), a character appearing in Marvel Comics
* T. Eugene Thompson, American attorney who hired a hit man to kill his wife
* Eugene H. Thompson, member of the New Jersey General Assembly
* Junior Thompson (Eugene Earl Thompson), American baseball pitcher
# Gulf Publishing Company

Gulf Publishing Company is an international publishing and events business dedicated to the hydrocarbon energy sector. In mid-2018 it rebranded as Gulf Energy Information. Founded in 1916 by Ray Lofton Dudley, Gulf Energy Information produces and distributes publications in print and web formats, online news, webcasts and databases; hosts conferences and events designed for the energy industry. The company was a subsidiary of Euromoney Institutional Investor from 2001 until a 2016 management buyout by CEO John Royall and Texas investors. The business and strategy publication Petroleum Economist also transferred to the company in May 2016. In mid-2017 the company acquired 109-year old Oildom Publishing.
The company's flagship magazines, World Oil, Hydrocarbon Processing, Pipeline & Gas Journal, and the Petroleum Economist are published monthly. Gulf is headquartered in Houston, Texas, with sales staff and columnists around the world, due to expansion efforts by William G. Dudley, Sr. The Petroleum Economist publishing and map cartography staff are based in London, UK. Gulf Energy Info's Data Services staff support on-line Energy Web Atlas energy data visualization, and Construction Boxscore downstream project database, from Houston, London and Mumbai.
Since 1916 World Oil has covered the upstream oil and gas industry for conventional, shale, offshore, exploration and production technology in oil and gas.
Since 1922, Hydrocarbon Processing has provided job-relevant information to technical staff, operations, maintenance and management in petroleum refining, gas processing facilities, petrochemical and engineer/constructor companies throughout the world. Bi-monthly supplement Gas Processing & LNG was added in 2012.
Since 1934, the Petroleum Economist has written about oil, its politics and economics - explained some of the industry's biggest disruptions: such as the 1973 oil crisis, the Gulf Wars, the rise of China, the Arab uprisings, and the more recent supply-side shocks from North America's unconventional energy sector.
Since 1859, Pipeline & Gas Journal has been the essential resource for technology and trends in the midstream industry; written and edited to be of service to those involved in moving, marketing and managing hydrocarbons from wellheads to ultimate consumers.
The company formerly published trade books, but spun off the division as TaylorWilson (now part of Taylor Trade) in 2000; sold its professional book list to Elsevier in 2013.
# Andrzej Kremer

Andrzej Stanisław Kremer (8 August 1961 in Kraków – 10 April 2010) was a Polish lawyer and diplomat, the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland.
He was listed on the flight of the Tupolev Tu-154 of the 36th Special Aviation Regiment carrying the President of Poland Lech Kaczyński which crashed near Smolensk-North airport near Pechersk near Smolensk, Russia, on 10 April 2010, killing all aboard.

## Honours and awards

* Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta – 2010, posthumously
* Bene Merito Badge of Honour – 2000, posthumously
* Chevalier of the Order of Merit, Stage III – 2009, Ukraine
# 2R

2R may refer to:
* A standard consumer print size for photographs. See Standard photographic print sizes
* 2R (group), a music group
* 2R hypothesis, a hypothesis in genomics and molecular evolution
* Yaesu VX-2R, an ultra-compact amateur radio transceiver
* Via Rail, IATA code
# Marshallena philippinarum

Marshallena philippinarum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marshallenidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 25 mm.
The thin, white shell has a fusiform shape. It shows a moderately long spire and siphonal canal. It contains about 7 whorls. The protoconch and subsequent whorls are eroded, remaining 4 whorls convex, angular, separated by a deep suture. The sculpture consists of axial ribs, rather remote on the upper whorls, 19 in number on penultimate whorl, nearly disappearing on the body whorl and numerous, raised striae or growth lines. These are crossed by spirals, of which a subsutural one is beaded, as well as those on the angle of keel ; above this latter are a few faint spirals and more numerous ones on lower part of whorls, 4 on penultimate, about 20 on the body whorl and siphonal canal, faintly beaded or crenuliferous at the points of intercrossing. The aperture is elongately oval, with a rather blunt angle above, ending below in a rather narrow siphonal canal. The peristome is broken. The columellar margin is slightly concave above, straight below and along the siphonal canal, with a thin layer of enamel.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Flores Sea (at a depth of 794 m) and off Northeast Sumatra at depths between 750–794 m.
# Alex Preston

Alex Preston may refer to:
* Alex Preston (author), English author and journalist
* Alex Preston (singer), American singer-songwriter
# 2021 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification Group 7

Group 7 of the 2021 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifying competition consisted of six teams: Portugal, Netherlands, Norway, Belarus, Cyprus, and Gibraltar. The composition of the nine groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 11 December 2018, 09:00 CET (UTC+1), at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland, with the teams seeded according to their coefficient ranking.
The group was originally scheduled to be played in home-and-away round-robin format between 20 March 2019 and 13 October 2020. Under the original format, the group winners and the best runners-up among all nine groups (not counting results against the sixth-placed team) would qualify directly for the final tournament, while the remaining eight runners-up would advance to the play-offs.
On 17 March 2020, all matches were put on hold due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On 17 June 2020, UEFA announced that the qualifying group stage would be extended and end on 17 November 2020, while the play-offs, originally scheduled to be played in November 2020, would be cancelled. Instead, the group winners and the five best runners-up among all nine groups (not counting results against the sixth-placed team) would qualify for the final tournament.

## Standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification | | | | | | |
| 1 | Netherlands | 10 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 5 | +41 | 27 | Final tournament | — | 4–2 | 2–0 | 5–0 | 5–1 | 5–0 |
| 2 | Portugal | 10 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 9 | +20 | 27 | Final tournament | 2–1 | — | 4–1 | 3–0 | 2–1 | 4–0 |
| 3 | Norway | 8 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 14 | 16 | −2 | 10 | | 0–4 | 2–3 | — | Canc. | 2–1 | 6–0 |
| 4 | Belarus | 9 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 15 | 21 | −6 | 8 | | 0–7 | 0–2 | 1–1 | — | 1–2 | 10–0 |
| 5 | Cyprus | 9 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 24 | −16 | 7 | | 0–7 | 0–4 | 1–2 | 1–1 | — | 1–0 |
| 6 | Gibraltar | 8 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 37 | −37 | 0 | | 0–6 | 0–3 | Canc. | 0–2 | Canc. | — |
* 1 2 Ranked on head-to-head goal difference: Netherlands +1, Portugal −1.

## Matches

Times are CET/CEST, as listed by UEFA (local times, if different, are in parentheses).

## Goalscorers

There were 112 goals scored in 27 matches, for an average of 4.15 goals per match.
10 goals
* Dani de Wit
8 goals
* Myron Boadu
* Kaj Sierhuis
5 goals
* Jørgen Strand Larsen
* Fábio Vieira
4 goals
* Kristian Thorstvedt
* Dany Mota
3 goals
* Ivan Bakhar
* Pavel Klenyo
* Jurgen Ekkelenkamp
* Cody Gakpo
* Teun Koopmeiners
* Jota
* Diogo Queirós
2 goals
* Denis Grechikho
* Ruel Sotiriou
* Rick van Drongelen
* Calvin Stengs
* Deyovaisio Zeefuik
* Birk Risa
* Gedson Fernandes
* Diogo Leite
* Pedro Neto
* Pote
1 goal
* Andrey Alshanik
* Roman Davyskiba
* Dmitry Podstrelov
* Artsyom Pyatrenka
* Pavel Sedko
* Artem Shkurdyuk
* Ilya Shkurin
* Panayiotis Artymatas
* Andreas Neophytou
* Marios Peratikos
* Paris Polikarpou
* Jack Roles
* Christos Shelis
* Ryan Gravenberch
* Abdou Harroui
* Ferdi Kadioglu
* Noa Lang
* Daishawn Redan
* Emil Bohinen
* Jens Petter Hauge
* Tobias Heintz
* Vítor Ferreira
* João Mário
* Rafael Leão
* Gonçalo Ramos
* Francisco Trincão
1 own goal
* Dmitri Prischepa (against Portugal)
# Eugene Thomas

Eugene Thomas may refer to:
* Eugene Thomas (murder victim) (died 1994), New Zealand murder victim
* Eugène Thomas (1903–1969), French politician
# Akana (village)

Akana (also known as Akna) is a village of Nalbari district in Western Assam under 14 No Pub Banbhag Gram Panchayat.
# Jack Johnston

Jack Johnston may refer to:
* J. W. Johnston (1876–1946), Irish American stage and film actor
* Jack Johnston (footballer) (1887–1962), Australian rules footballer
* John Johnston (econometrician), known as Jack, British econometrician
# Martin McGowan

Martin McGowan may refer to:
* Martin McGowan (footballer) (born 1962), Scottish footballer
* Martin McGowan (Irish politician) (died 1958), Irish politician and teacher
* Martin J. McGowan Jr. (1920–2009), American politician and newspaper editor
# Amiyo Kumar Ghosh

Amiyo Kumar Ghosh was an Indian politician. He was a member of the Constituent Assembly of India from Bihar. He was also a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly.
# Manothrips

Manothrips is a genus of thrips in the family Phlaeothripidae.

## Species

* Manothrips fortis
# Marshallena diomedea

Marshallena diomedea is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Marshallenidae.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Kalimantan, Borneo at depths between 558–567 m.
# 2022 Budapest Open

The 2022 Budapest Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and first as a WTA 125 which is also part of the 2022 WTA 125 tournaments, offering a total of $115,000 in prize money. It took place at the Római Teniszakadémia in Budapest, Hungary between 19 and 24 September 2022.

## Champions
### Singles

* Tamara Korpatsch def. Viktoriya Tomova 7–6$^{(7–3)}$, 6–7$^{(4–7)}$, 6–0

### Doubles

* Anna Bondár / Kimberley Zimmermann def. Jesika Malečková / Renata Voráčová 6–3, 2–6, [10–5]

## Singles entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| ROU | Irina-Camelia Begu | 41 | 1 |
| HUN | Anna Bondár | 52 | 2 |
| ITA | Jasmine Paolini | 55 | 3 |
| ITA | Lucia Bronzetti | 57 | 4 |
| ESP | Nuria Párrizas Díaz | 63 | 5 |
| GER | Jule Niemeier | 73 | 6 |
| EGY | Mayar Sherif | 74 | 7 |
| HUN | Panna Udvardy | 76 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of 12 September 2022.

### Other entrants

The following players received a wildcard into the singles main draw:
* Tímea Babos
* Irina-Camelia Begu
* Fanny Stollár
* Rebeka Stolmár
* Natália Szabanin
The following players received entry with a special exempt:
* Réka Luca Jani
The following players qualified into the singles main draw:
* Carolina Alves
* Tamara Korpatsch
* Jesika Malečková
* Emma Navarro
The following player received entry as a lucky loser:
* Erika Andreeva

### Withdrawals
#### Before the tournament

* Irina-Camelia Begu → replaced by Erika Andreeva
* Ana Bogdan → replaced by Simona Waltert
* Viktorija Golubic → replaced by Jule Niemeier
* Kaja Juvan → replaced by Julia Grabher
* Harmony Tan → replaced by Irina Bara
* Clara Tauson → replaced by Harmony Tan
* Maryna Zanevska → replaced by Cristina Bucșa

## Doubles entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| HUN | Anna Bondár | BEL | Kimberley Zimmermann | 105 | 1 |
| HUN | Tímea Babos | SLO | Tamara Zidanšek | 188 | 2 |
| | Angelina Gabueva | | Anastasia Zakharova | 197 | 3 |
| FRA | Elixane Lechemia | GER | Julia Lohoff | 233 | 4 |
* $^1$ Rankings as of 12 September 2022.

### Other entrants

The following pair received a wildcard into the doubles main draw:
* Kitti Molnár / Viktória Varga
# Alexander Stark

Alexander Stark (born September 1974) is a biochemist and computational biologist working on the regulation of gene expression in development. He is a senior scientist at the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) at the Vienna Biocenter and adjunct professor of the Medical University of Vienna.

## Early life and education

Alexander Stark grew up in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. He studied biochemistry at the University of Tübingen, and graduated with a diploma in biochemistry in 2000. In 2001, he started to do research for doctoral studies in the group of Robert B. (Rob) Russell at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) and obtained his doctorate from the University of Cologne in 2004. Stark remained at EMBL for one more year as a bridging postdoc.

## Career

In 2005, Stark became a postdoctoral researcher in the groups of Eric S. Lander and Manolis Kellis at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University and the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) in Boston, USA. His postdoctoral research was supported by EMBO, HFSP, and the Schering Foundation.
In 2008, Stark became group leader at the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) in Vienna and was promoted to senior scientist in 2015. He was made adjunct professor of the Medical University of Vienna in 2017.

## Research

Alexander Stark studies the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental or environmental stimuli to learn how transcription and transcriptional networks define cellular and developmental programs.
More specifically, he investigates how transcription is regulated at the level of enhancer and core-promoter DNA elements, and the transcription factor and cofactor proteins that mediate transcription activation. He uses genome-wide functional assays, bioinformatics, and mass spectrometry, and develops innovative reporter assays (such as STARR-seq) that provide direct functional readouts.
Some of Stark's most cited publications include Principles of MicroRNA- Target Recognition, bantam Encodes a Developmentally Regulated microRNA that Controls Cell Proliferation and Regulates the Proapoptotic Gene hid in Drosophila, and Histone modifications at human enhancers reflect global cell-type-specific gene expression.

## Awards and achievements

Alexander Stark was selected EMBO Young Investigator in 2012; announced as "highly cited researcher" by Thomson Reuters in 2014 and elected member of EMBO in 2015.
Among other grants and fellowships, Stark was awarded a starting grant of the European Research Council (ERC) in 2009, and a consolidator grant of the ERC in 2015. He is on the editorial boards of Genes & Development and Molecular Systems Biology.