OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Midwest Military Simulation Association

The Midwest Military Simulation Association (MMSA) is a group of wargamers and military figurine collectors active during the late 1960s and 1970s.

## History

When wargaming was in its heyday and role-playing games were first developed, the group lived in the Minneapolis-St Paul area. Its membership included Dave Arneson, David Wesely, Ken Fletcher, Dave Megarry, John and Richard Snider and others.
In 2006 Wesely described how the club began:
   The Midwest Military Simulation Association was founded on April 18, 1963, by Ray Allard, noted amateur historian and reenactor, now deceased. The first meeting was attended by Dr. William Musing, Loren Johnson, Ron Lauraunt and Winston Sandeen, Ray Allard Junior and David A. Wesely. Ray was about 54 at the time, the next four were all about 30 and the last two were teenagers. Besides age, the group was split by interest, with the five older guys being historians, collectors, modelers and painters of military miniatures, and the two youngest being wargamers. The older guys put up with us, and Winston Sandeen even played in a few miniatures battles, partly because we hung on their every word when they told war stories about WWII and the Korean War.
The ranks were augmented by friends of the original members, and one of these friends, Don Nicholson, recruited new members by contacting people who had checked out "Strategos: A Game of War" by Charles Totten at the UM library. In this way Jim Clark and Greg Scott were recruited. The MMSA also found new wargamers by running welcome tables during fall registration at the UM and the University of St. Thomas, or by running ads in The General and Strategy & Tactics magazines.
Dave Arneson joined when he was in high school. He produced a newsletter describing the group's Napoleonic and American Civil War games, as well as its play-by-mail Diplomacy games. In 1986, under the direction of Hal Thinglum, The Midwest Wargamers' Association Newsletter won the Charles S. Roberts Award as the best Best Amateur Wargaming Magazine. The younger members of the group began to meet at Arneson's house. More interested in wargaming than collecting or historical reenactment, these members played a critical role in the development of RPGs. Dave Wesely conducted what is considered to be the first role-playing game, set in Napoleonic Germany, in 1967. Arneson later developed a fantasy role-playing milieu called Blackmoor, and co-created Dungeons & Dragons with Gary Gygax in 1973. Dave Megarry conceived the idea of a dungeon crawl, and designed a board game around this idea called Dungeon!, published by TSR, Inc. in 1975. That same year TSR also published Star Probe by John Snider.

## Footenotes

* ↑ A Brief History of Roleplaying Games
* ↑ Playing at the World: The Midwest Military Simulation Association (MMSA)
* ↑ Wesely's Comments on the MMSA at acaeum.com
# Apapa–Oworonshoki Expressway

Apapa–Oworonshoki Expressway is a major expressway connecting Apapa to Somolu via Surulere and Mushin in Lagos. For most of its portion, it is a six-lane expressway with two one-way service roads parallel to the expressway. The expressway crosses other major expressways such as Lagos-Badagry Expressway and Ikorodu Road. It also passes Tin Can Island, and its starting point borders the Port of Lagos. The expressway will host some of LAMATA's BRT stops. President Muhammadu Buhari in November 2018 releases N73 billion to work on the road and address the issue of gridlock on the road.
# Golden Triangle (Algarve)

The Golden Triangle is the name given to the affluent region outside of Faro, capital of the Algarve region of Portugal. Famous for its luxury resorts and Michelin star restaurants, it is located between three points:
* Resort-town of Vilamoura
* Town of Almancil
* Luxury resorts of Quinta do Lago and Vale do Lobo
Vilamoura is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Portugal, home to a yacht marina and numerous resorts. Almancil is home to three Michelin starred restaurants, while Vilamoura has one. Quinta do Lago and Vale do Lobo are luxury resorts that have both hosted the Portuguese Open, part of the PGA European Tour, in 1976, 1984–1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, and 2001–2003.
# HD 19275

HD 19275 is a single star in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It has a white hue and is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.85. The distance to HD 19275 is 163 light years as determined using parallax measurements. It is drifting further away from the Sun with a radial velocity of around 12 km/s.
This object is an A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A2Vnn. The 'nn' suffix indicates "nebulous" (broad) absorption lines in the spectrum due to rapid rotation. It is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 250 km/s, which is giving the star an equatorial bulge that is estimated to be 15% larger than the polar radius. The object is an estimated 71 million years old with 1.8 times the mass of the Sun and about 2.7 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 27 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 8,875 K.
# Meriem Oukbir

Meriem Oukbir (born 26 February 1991), is an Algerian actress. She is best known for the role 'Dalya' in the films Wlad Lahlal.

## Career

She graduated from the university in 2013. While in the university, she began her career as a model. In 2016, made her maiden acting role the role of Zahra in the comedy series Under supervision. Maryam achieved success as an actress due to the popular role of 'Zahra' in the series On Watch, in which she got good reactions from the public.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Genre | Ref. |
| 2019 | Wlad Lahlal | Dalya | TV series | |
# Agrotis lata

Agrotis lata is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It was described by Georg Friedrich Treitschke in 1835. It is found in Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Portugal and Spain, as well as on Sardinia, Sicily and Malta. It has also been recorded from Turkey and possibly Syria and Israel.
The wingspan is 36–44 mm. Adults are on wing in October and November.

## Description from Seitz

Forewing pale ochreous, the veins and costal streak greyish white. The ab. lata Tr. (5a) is darker, greyer without the brown tinge [than crassa Hbn. (= huguenini Ruhl)].
# 1680 in France

Events from the year 1680 in France.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Louis XIV

## Events

* Chambers of Reunion (French courts under Louis XIV) decide on complete annexation of Alsace.

## Births

* 23 February – Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, French colonizer and Governor of Louisiana (d. 1767)
* 9 April – Philippe Néricault Destouches, French dramatist (d. 1754)

## Deaths

* 22 February – Catherine Monvoisin, French sorceress (b. c. 1607)
* 14 March – René Le Bossu, French critic (b. 1631)
* 17 March – François de La Rochefoucauld, French writer (b. 1613)
* 23 March – Nicolas Fouquet, French statesman (b. 1615)
** Marie Meurdrac, French chemist and alchemist (b. 1610)
# Associazione Librai Antiquari d'Italia

The Associazione dei Librai Antiquari d'Italia (ALAI), the national antiquarian book association of Italy, was founded in 1947 as Circolo dei Librai Antiquari.
In spite of a previous attempt, established in the 1880s by Italian jurist Carlo Lozzi and his review Il bibliofilo, the association was created only after the Second World War and it assumed its current name in 1971.
ALAI includes 116 members throughout Italy and its main scope is to promote the knowledge about ancient and rare books, as well as to represent the Italian antiquarian booksellers within the International League of Antiquarian Booksellers (ILAB), whose it is a founding member.
The association organizes annually international antiquarian book fairs in Milan, Bologna and at the Turin International Book Fair and promoted several other cultural events throughout the past years in Florence and Rome.
It also hosted five LILA-ILAB Congresses and Presidents' meeting, in Milan (1953), Ravenna (1964), Turin (1974), Venice (1986), Florence (1999) and will host the 39th International Congress in Bologna in 2010.
The current President of ALAI is Umberto Pregliasco, elected in 2004 and confirmed in 2006 and 2008.
# Arthur Mauro

Arthur Valentine Mauro, OC OM KC (February 15, 1927 – August 4, 2023) was a Canadian lawyer and businessman.
Born in Thunder Bay, Ontario, he studied law at the University of Manitoba and was president of the University of Manitoba Students' Union. He was called to the Bar of Manitoba in 1953. Until 1969 he practiced law, specializing in transportation and communication law. In 1967, he was appointed chairman of the Royal Commission on Northern Transportation.
In 1969, he became a senior executive with Great Northern Capital Corporation. From 1972 to 1976, he was president and chief executive officer of Transair Limited. In 1976, he joined the Investors Group, becoming president, chief executive officer and chairman.
In 1991, he was elected chancellor of the University of Manitoba, serving until 2000. From 2009 through 2012, he served as chancellor of Lakehead University.
Arthur Mauro died on August 4, 2023, at the age of 96.

## Honours

In 1987, he was made a member of the Order of Canada and was promoted to officer in 1992. In 2004, he was awarded the Order of Manitoba.
# Aggravated Vehicle-Taking Act 1992

The Aggravated Vehicle-Taking Act 1992 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It amends the Theft Act 1968 by creating the specific offence of aggravated vehicle-taking, which combines the taking of a vehicle without the owner's consent with driving it dangerously, causing injury, or causing damage to the vehicle or other property. It carries a mandatory disqualification from driving.
The Act was brought in to tackle the problem of joyriding, which was at the time a widespread problem in the UK. It was subject to a fast-track passage through Parliament.
# Massock

Massock is a town and commune in Littoral Region, Cameroon.
# Ambiguity (disambiguation)

Ambiguity is uncertainty as to intended meaning. It is the quality of being open to more than one interpretation; inexactness.
Ambiguity may also refer to:
* Ambiguity (album)
* Ambiguity (horse), 20th-century racer
* Ambiguity (law), contract law situation
* Ambiguous name, botanical taxonomy situation
# HD 191984

HD 191984 is a double star in the equatorial constellation of Aquila. As of 2011, the components have an angular separation of 2.52″ along a position angle of 205.7°.
# Aisha Stambouli

Aisha Stambouli is a Venezuelan actress, singer and songwriter.

## Biography
### Early years

Stambouli was born in Caracas on April 11, 1984 as Irene Romina Stambouli Lazzereschi, to Víctor Stambouli Mattatia and Stefania Lazzereschi. She grew up in a Jewish family.

### Artistic career

Her career began in 2009 with the main role in the juvenile telenovela ¡Qué clase de amor!; the telenovela also had a full album soundtrack, with Stambouli singing 4 of the 11 songs in it. In 2013, she participated in the historic telenovela Guerreras y Centauros, set in the 19th century during the days of the Battle of Carabobo, which was a central event in the Venezuelan War of Independence. Also, she has taken small roles in venezuelam films such as Tamara and Des-Autorizados
In 2017, Stambouli released her album Tu la tienes que pagar, a cover of the French-Venezuelan singer Natusha, which reached the top of the Venezuelan Tropical Music charts, followed by her biggest success in the Venezuelan charts, Te quiero, a duet with Tito 10, her fellow co-star in ¡Qué clase de amor!.
On May 25, 2020, a second season of ¡Qué clase de amor!, now converted into a web-based format consisting of 3 episodes, was launched through the series' screenwriter Benjamin Cohen's Instagram account. The new season had to be recorded through video calls using different applications, such as WhatsApp, is due to the COVID-19 pandemic and also since several of the actors were in different parts of the world.

## Personal life

Stambouli married her manager, the music producer Alberto Kauam on September 28, 2019. Kauam was found dead in his office on May 11, 2020, with a shot in his head. On May 30, 2020, Stambouli gave birth to a son, which was named Eithan at the brit milah ceremony held in her house.
On April 1, 2021, Stambouli's father, Víctor, died of complications associated with COVID-19, and on April 27, 2021, her paternal uncle, the political analyst and university professor Andrés Stambouli, died also due to complications associated with COVID-19.

## Discography
### Albums

* Más Allá (2009)
* Tu la tienes queue pagar (2017)

### Singles

* ¡Qué clase de amor! (2016)
* Te Quiero (2017)
* No te voy a Olvidar (2018)
* Deseo (2020)
* Siempre te amaré (2021)

## Filmography
### Telenovelas

Telenovela :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2009 | ¡Qué clase de amor! | Alejandra Martínez | |
| 2013 | Guerreras y Centauros | Barbarita | |

### Films

Telenovela :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2010 | Des-Autorizados | Des 3 hada | |
| 2016 | Tamara | Receptionist | Directed by Elia Schneider |
# Agrotis kingi

Agrotis kingi is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in Saskatchewan.
* This Agrotis-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Fig Tree Bridge

The Fig Tree Bridge is a road bridge that carries Burns Bay Road across the Lane Cove River, and connects the suburbs of Hunters Hill in the south and Linley Point in the north, located approximately seven kilometres (four miles) northwest of the central business district of Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. The concrete girder bridge carries motor vehicles, and a grade-separated footpath and cycleway.

## History

The bridge replaced the original Fig Tree Bridge, an iron truss swing bridge the site of which is located directly adjacent to the current bridge. The original bridge was opened in 1885, and formed part of the first project to provide a fixed crossing of Sydney Harbour. The project also included the first Gladesville Bridge (1881) and Iron Cove Bridge (1882). The earlier Fig Tree Bridge was located about 50 metres (160 ft) to the west of the new bridge. Its southern abutment, which still exists, has a viewing platform accessible from the end of Joubert Street, Hunters Hill. The wheel that once operated the opening span stands in memorial.
The bridge took an hour to open its iron structure. Four workers were required to get the gearwheel opening system going.

## Description

The current Fig Tree Bridge, which opened in September 1963, was built in conjunction with the Tarban Creek and Gladesville bridges as part of the planned North Western Expressway linking the city with the future Sydney-Newcastle Freeway. The expressway was cancelled but the freeway grade road from the eastern end of the Gladesville Bridge, over Tarban Creek and ending at the northern end of Fig Tree Bridge has been maintained. The piers and deck were designed to allow an additional two lanes to be provided, and this can be seen in the eccentric camber of the deck, with the apex of the camber off-centre to the centreline of the deck.
Although the North Western Expressway has not eventuated, along with the Tarban Creek and Gladesville Bridges, Fig Tree Bridge serves a vital role as part of the next crossing upriver from the Sydney Harbour Bridge of Sydney Harbour, and is therefore an alternative route northwest between the central business district and the lower north shore via Burns Bay Road. The bridge does not carry a toll.
The Fig Tree Bridge is part of the Seven Bridges Walk, a fundraising event run by the Cancer Council of NSW. The event consists of a walking circuit that crossed seven of Sydney's bridges, including the Sydney Harbour, Pyrmont, Anzac, Iron Cove, Gladesville, and Tarban Creek bridges.

## Gallery

* The first Fig Tree Bridge
* The bridge viewed from Boronia Park
# Helmut Piirimäe

Helmut Piirimäe (September 8, 1930 – 21 August 2017) was a prominent Estonian historian. He was professor emeritus of University of Tartu and an honorary doctor of University of Uppsala.
Piirimäe researched Estonian history under the Swedish Empire in the 17th century, and also the Enlightenment in the 18th century, especially the French Revolution.
Helmut Piirimäe was married to the art historian Krista Piirimäe. They had three sons and a daughter.
# Aston Manor Road Transport Museum

Aldridge Transport Museum, home to the Aston Manor Road Transport Museum's collection of vehicles is an independent transport museum in Aldridge, Walsall, England. Until December 2011 the museum occupied the former Birmingham Corporation Tramways Witton Tram Depot, in the Aston district of Birmingham, run by a registered charity.
The museum hosted the 40th birthday party of Charles, Prince of Wales, on 14 November 1988, when he formally opened the museum.
Following a decision by Birmingham City Council to cease funding the rent on the Witton Tram Depot, it closed in October 2011. Between then and December that year, the collection was moved to the Beecham Business Park, home to the former Jack Allen dustcart assembly plant, in nearby Aldridge. Subsequently the museum moved again, this time a short distance within Aldridge, to its present location in Shenstone Drive, Aldridge, where it opened to the public in July 2013. Since reopening, the museum has retained its bus collection but also added an increased number of light commercial vehicles on display.
The museum, which is operated entirely by volunteers, is open on Tuesdays, Saturdays and Sundays from 10:30 to 16:00 throughout the year excluding the Christmas Holiday period. On a number of weekends throughout the year there are special events with a free bus service from Walsall (Hatherton Street) to the museum and back using classic buses. The museum's Classic buses also run free of charge on certain event days to the Chasewater Railway, Lichfield, and around Barr Beacon. The vehicles displayed in the museum are changed over with those which are in safe storeage off site giving variety to the exhibits on display at any one time.
# Michurinsky Prospekt (Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line)

Michurinsky Prospekt (Russian: Мичуринский проспект) is a station on the Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line of the Moscow Metro, it opened on 30 August 2018 as part of line's "Ramenki" - "Rasskazovka" extension.
It has a connection to Michurinsky Prospekt on the Bolshaya Koltsevaya line, a planned orbital metro line. That station is opened on 7 December 2021.

## Public art

Constructed by the China Railway Construction Corporation (CRCC), the station features unique design elements which are heavily influenced by Chinese culture, as part of a collaboration with the company.
# Aq Kupruk

Aq Kupruk is a village in Balkh Province in northern Afghanistan.

## Archaeological sites

Aq Kupruk(an Uzbek word meaning "white bridge")is also an archaeological site consisting of four sites, numbered I, II, III and IV.
* Aq Kupruk I, or Ghar-i Asb, is a rock shelter of the Kushan-Sasanian period, containing some fragmentary Buddhist frescos and some simple architecture.
* Aq Kupruk II, or Ghār-i Mār, is another rock shelter, probably the most productive of the three sites, producing material from all periods except the Kushan-Sasanian. About 10% of the occupation area was excavated.
* Aq Kupruk III, is an open-air site on the river terrace consisting of two periods, both in the Epipalaeolithic.
* Aq Kupruk IV, was excavated briefly by McBurney nearer to the village, producing a "Middle Mousterian" type of industry differing from that found by Dupree.
Finds included an extensive and sophisticated stone tool industry, very early stone sculpture, domesticated sheep and goat remains, fragments of beaten copper from the ceramic Neolithic, many projectile points, terracotta and simple jewellery.
Collections:
* AMNH - excavated material.
* BIAS - flint and stone.
* Kabul Museum - excavated material, stone head.
Field-work:
* 1959 Dupree, American Universities Field Staff - survey.
* 1960 Hayashi & Sahara, Kyoto University - survey.
* 1962 & 65 Dupree, AMNH - excavations.
* 1971 McBurney, Cambridge University - sondage.
# Anglican Diocese of Oji River

The Anglican Diocese of Oji River is one of 12 within the Anglican Province of Enugu, itself one of 14 provinces within the Church of Nigeria.
The current bishop is Ikechukwu Egbuonu.
# Amazonas State

Amazonas State may refer to:
* Amazonas State (Brazil)
* Amazonas State (Venezuela)
# Artema nephilit

Artema nephilit is a species of spider in the family Pholcidae. The species has been documented in Qatar and in other areas of the Middle East, with most sightings of the species coming from the West Bank.
# Ahmed Adel

Ahmed Adel may refer to:
* Ahmed Adel Abdel Moneam (born 1987), Egyptian football goalkeeper
* Ahmed Adel (footballer, born 1984), Egyptian football right back
* Ahmed Adel Mesilhy (born 1994), known as Ahmed Adel, Egyptian handballer
# Ahmed Abdullah and the Solomonic Quintet

Ahmed Abdullah and the Solomonic Quintet is an album by trumpeter Ahmed Abdullah's featuring saxophonist David S. Ware, guitarist Masujaa, bassist Fred Hopkins, and drummer Charles Moffett, recorded in late 1987 and released on the Swedish Silkheart label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
| Tom Hull – on the Web | B+ |
The Penguin Guide to Jazz states that "the leader is outclassed by his own band... The rhythm section is wonderfully alert and inventive with Masuhjaa's guitar an especially individual presence, and Ware is a gritty improviser" In his review on AllMusic, Ron Wynn states: "Trumpeter Ahmed Abdullah sprays around dissonant solos and spearheads an often frenzied set that was his second release for Silkheart. The lineup was exceptional, notably the powerful tenor saxophonist David S. Ware, dynamic bassist Fred Hopkins, and underrated drummer Charles Moffet".

## Track listing

All compositions by Ahmed Abdullah except where noted.
* "African Songbird" – 7:03
* "Gypsy Lady" (Charles Moffett) – 4:55
* "The Search" – 6:48
* "Canto II" – 4:54
* "Khaluma" – 7:16
* "The Dance We Do" – 7:28
* "Wishbone Suite" (Moffett) – 5:27
* "The Dance We Do" [Take 1] – 8:39 Bonus track on CD

## Personnel

* Ahmed Abdullah – trumpet, flugelhorn, voice,
* David S. Ware – tenor saxophone
* Masuhjaa – guitar
* Fred Hopkins – bass
* Charles Moffett – drums
# Mid-American Conference Tournament

Mid-American Conference Championship or Mid-American Conference Tournament may refer to:
* MAC Championship Game, the college football championship
* Mid-American Conference men's basketball tournament, the men's basketball championship tournament
* Mid-American Conference women's basketball tournament, the women's basketball championship tournament
# Megachile atrocastanea

Megachile atrocastanea is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Alfken in 1932.
# Anglican Diocese of Oleh

The Anglican Diocese of Oleh is one of 12 within the Anglican Province of Bendel, itself one of 14 provinces within the Church of Nigeria. The current bishop is John Usiwoma Aruakpor.