OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Manavi – An Organization for South Asian Women

Manavi was originally formed by six South Asian women: Shamita Das Dasgupta, Radha Sarma Hegde, Shashi Jain, Rashmi Jaipal, Vibha Jha, and Kavery Dutta, as a consciousness raising group interested in addressing concerns faced by South Asian women in the U.S. In a short period of time, this New Jersey–based organization expanded its goals in response to requests from the community to begin providing services to women facing violence and abuse.

## Overview

Founded in 1985, Manavi (meaning 'primal woman' in Sanskrit) was the first organization in the U.S to specifically address the needs of South Asian women, who are victims of violence. Although started as a consciousness-raising group, Manavi's founders soon realized that South Asian women facing abuse were unable to seek help from local authorities and mainstream organizations for variety of reasons. These reasons could be attributed to cultural, lingual and immigration barriers, among others.
Since Manavi came to existence, many other South Asian organizations for women have been formed in the U.S along the lines of Manavi. Today, Manavi continues to be a pioneer by championing new strategies for advancing the South Asian women's movement in the U.S and by constantly adapting its service provision to the changing needs of South Asian women living in the U.S.
While providing direct service to South Asian women in need, Manavi is also a social change agent within the South Asian community. In addition, it is a cultural competency educator and diversity trainer in the mainstream movement to end violence against women in the U.S. In short, Manavi simultaneously addresses both the immediate needs of women facing abuse and the long-term vision of establishing peaceful communities free from gender-based violence.
# Manavendra Singh

Air Marshal Manavendra Singh, PVSM, AVSM, VrC, VSM, ADC is a retired officer of the Indian Air Force. He served as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C), Training Command. He assumed the office on 25 September 2021 succeeding Air Marshal Rajiv Dayal Mathur. Previously, he served as Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Southern Air Command.

## Early life and education

Manavendra Singh is an alumnus of National Defence Academy. He is also a graduate of Army War College, Defence Services Staff College and Joint Forces Staff College, Norfolk, Virginia.

## Career

Manavendra Singh was commissioned in the Indian Air Force as a helicopter pilot on 29 December 1982. In a career spanning over 38 years, he has as over 6,600 hours of flying experience and has a service experience in various sectors like the Siachen, the North East, Uttarakhand, the Western desert.
He has commanded front line bases in Bukavu, DRC during peacekeeping mission.
Prior to his appointment as AOC-in-C, Southern Air command, he served as Director General of Inspection and Flight Safety.
In December 2021, he was appointed as the head of the Tri-Services Inquiry to investigate the reason of Coonoor Mi-17 Crash which claimed the life of 14 including CDS Gen. Bipin Rawat and his Wife.
He superannuated on 31 December 2022 after 40 years of service and was succeeded by Air Marshal Jonnalagedda Chalapati as the AOC-in-C, Training Command.

## Honours and decorations

During his career, Manavendra Singh has been awarded the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal, Vir Chakra, Vishisht Seva Medal for his service. He was awarded the Param Vishisht Seva Medal in 2022.
| Param Vishisht Seva Medal | Ati Vishisht Seva Medal | Vir Chakra Medal | Vishisht Seva Medal |
# CSS Georgia

Several ships of the Confederate States Navy have borne the name CSS Georgia, after Georgia:
* CSS Georgia (1862), a screw steamer acquired in 1863, and captured by the Union Navy in 1864
* CSS Georgia (1863), an ironclad warship built in 1862 and decommissioned in 1864
# George Hendricks Beverley

George Hendricks Beverley (May 27, 1897 – September 15, 1988) was a brigadier general in the United States Air Force.

## Biography

Beverley was born on May 27, 1897, in Amarillo, Texas. He attended Texas A&M College and the University of Texas at Austin. Beverley died on September 15, 1988, and is interred with his wife, Edith, at Arlington National Cemetery.

## Career

Beverley first joined the United States Army Air Service and was commissioned an officer in 1918 before serving in World War I. Following the war he participated in a controversial experimental bombing of U.S. Navy vessels ordered by Brigadier General Billy Mitchell. The bombings helped support Mitchell's stance of how effective aerial bombing could be on naval vessels. In 1935 he was given command of the 29th Pursuit Squadron. During World War II he held command of the 51st Troop Carrier Wing. Following the war he transferred to the newly formed Air Force and served as a military attaché and military air attaché in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. His retirement was effective as of August 1, 1949.
Awards he received include the Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster.
# Magdalena González

Magdalena González may refer to:
* Magdalena González Furlong (born 1958), Mexican politician
* Magdalena González Sánchez (born 1974), Mexican astrophysicist
# Ampittia nanus

Ampittia nanus is a species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It was described by John Henry Leech in 1890. It is found in China. One of the two marginal rows of spots of the forewing in cellules 5, 6 and 7, or 6, 7 and 8, the other in cellule 2 and 3: no light spot in cellule 4. A spot in the cell near the upper angle ash colour.
# Emil Arnold

Emil Arnold (1897–1974) was a Swiss politician. He was an active participant in the 1918 bank sector strike and the 1918 Swiss general strike. He was a member of the Communist International executive as of 1921. He became a member of the Grand Council of Basel-Stadt in 1926. He was a member of the National Council in 1932. He was a founding member of the Swiss Party of Labour in 1944. In 1951 he again served as a member of the National Council.
# Eucalyptus goniocarpa

Eucalyptus goniocarpa is a species of mallet that is endemic to southern Western Australia. It has smooth bark, glossy bluish adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, creamy-white flowers, and ribbed, conical to barrel-shaped fruit.

## Description

Eucalyptus goniocarpa is a mallet, often with a short trunk, that typically grows to a height of 5 m (16 ft), or sometimes a multi-stemmed mallee to 4 m (13 ft), but does not form a lignotuber. It has smooth, grey to brown bark. Young plants and coppice regrowth have lance-shaped, petiolate leaves that are 45–87 mm (1.8–3.4 in) long and 13–25 mm (0.51–0.98 in) wide. Adult leaves are lance-shaped, glossy bluish, 45–95 mm (1.8–3.7 in) long and 5–12 mm (0.20–0.47 in) wide on a petiole up to 8 mm (0.31 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of three, sometimes seven, in leaf axils, on a flattened, unbranched peduncle 12–30 mm (0.47–1.18 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in) long. Mature buds are elongated oval to spindle-shaped, 11–17 mm (0.43–0.67 in) long and 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) wide with two wings along the sides and an operculum up to twice as long as the floral cup. The flowers are creamy white and the fruit is a woody conical to barrel-shaped capsule 12–14 mm (0.47–0.55 in) long and 9–12 mm (0.35–0.47 in) wide with two wings that extend down the pedicel.

## Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus goniocarpa was first formally described in 1992 by Ken Hill and Lawrie Johnson from a collection made in 1986 by the authors with Donald Blaxell near Lake King. The description was published in the journal Telopea. The specific epithet is derived from the Greek words gonia meaning 'an angle', and karpos, 'a fruit', referring to the strongly winged fruit.

## Distribution and habitat

This eucalypt is mostly restricted to the area around Lake King where it often grows in thickets.

## Conservation status

Eucalyptus goniocarpa is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
# Lawrence James Baker

Lawrence James Baker (4 January 1827 – 10 June 1921) was an English stockbroker and a Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1885 to 1886.

## Early life

Baker was born in London, a son of Capt John Law Baker of the Madras Army, and his wife Caroline Elizabeth Browne. Privately educated he became a stockjobber. By 1855 he was senior partner of Baker & Sturdy of Copthall House, EC., and by appointment to Queen Victoria. He was made a trustee of the London Stock Exchange. Expert in foreign bond dealings, he sat on the Peruvian Bondholder's Committee with Liberal colleague, and former cabinet minister, George Shaw-Lefevre. The City of London was responsible for the funds of several Latin American emerging economies; their decisions saved several governments from anarchy and bankruptcy. Baker was a generous benefactor: a donor to charity, a supporter of early free Council houses, and a free trade national liberal, cutting taxes for the poor, free education, disestablishment of the Church of England, and reform of the House of Lords.
Baker was living at Haydon Hall in Eastcote but bought Ottershaw Park in 1885.

## Political career

Baker was a candidate at least twice at Guildford and Worcester, before being chosen for Frome at short notice in September 1885, on the retirement through illness of Sir Henry Samuelson. In the 1885 general election, Baker was elected Member of Parliament for Frome. In the Liberal Unionist furore with Joseph Chamberlain's group, he lost his selection for Frome, replaced by G B Samuelson, a local candidate. But the son, G B Samuelson lost the seat in the 1886 general election to the Conservative Party candidate Lord Weymouth. He later stood for parliament unsuccessfully in Chertsey. At by-elections in 1892 he lost to Charles Harvey Combe. When Combe resigned, Baker stood again in 1897. This time Henry Currie Leigh-Bennett was victorious. In 1898 he became High Sheriff of Surrey. He built cottages in Bonsey's Lane at Ottershaw but sold the estate in 1910, after he had put it up for auction unsuccessfully in 1907. He moved for three years to Brantridge Park, Balcome, West Sussex. In 1910 he settled at Brambridge Park, Twyford, Hampshire where he died at the age of ninety-four.

## Personal life

Baker married firstly Ellen Catherine Thompson in 1857. His second wife Susan Taylor he married in 1871 at All Saints Church, Kensington, SW. Lawrence had fourteen children, seven by each marriage.
# Evington Valley

Evington Valley is an area in Leicester, England. It is roughly bounded by East Park Road to the west (west of which is Highfields), Chesterfield/Ethel Road to the north (north of which is North Evington), Wakerly Road to the east (east of which is Evington village) and to the south borders Stoneygate. The population of the area falls within the Evington ward of Leicester City Council. 52°37′23″N 1°06′07″W﻿ / ﻿52.623°N 1.102°W﻿ / 52.623; -1.102
* This Leicestershire location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# European Public Hearing on European Conscience and Crimes of Totalitarian Communism: 20 Years After

The European Public Hearing on European Conscience and Crimes of Totalitarian Communism: 20 Years After was a European public hearing organised by the Czech Presidency of the European Union in the European Parliament on 18 March 2009. The hearing was described by the Presidency as "the third step towards the establishment of a European Platform of Memory and Conscience to support the activities of institutions engaged in reconciling with totalitarian regimes in Europe."
The hearing was hosted by the Deputy Prime Minister for European Affairs Alexandr Vondra and the Permanent Representative of the Czech Republic to the European Union Milena Vicenová on behalf of the Czech Presidency of the Council of the European Union, in cooperation with MEPs supporting the Prague Declaration.
The first session, chaired by Tunne Kelam MEP, included speeches by Pavel Žáček (Director, Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes), Emmanuel Crabit (European Commission Directorate-General of Justice, Freedom and Security), Emanuelis Zingeris (Chairman, International Commission for the Evaluation of the Crimes of the Nazi and Soviet Occupation Regimes in Lithuania), Marius Oprea (Institute for the Investigation of Communist Crimes in Romania), Hans Altendorf (Office of the Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records), Vasil Kadrinov (Hannah Arendt Center), Nicolas Werth (Institute for Contemporary History, CNRS), and Camilla Andersson (Institute for Information on the Crimes of Communism).
The second session, chaired by Jana Hybášková MEP, included speeches by Alexandr Vondra (Deputy Prime Minister for European Affairs of the Czech Republic), Ján Figeľ (European Commissioner for Education), Alejo Vidal-Quadras MEP (Vice President of the European Parliament), Jan Zahradil MEP, László Tökés MEP, and Sandra Kalniete (former European Commissioner).
The conclusions called for "the establishment of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience" and supported the proclamation of the European Day of Remembrance for Victims of Stalinism and Nazism.
The hearing was followed by a resolution of the European Parliament on European conscience and totalitarianism of 2 April 2009.
# Land (Yuzu album)

Land is the eleventh studio album by Japanese pop rock duo Yuzu, released through Senha & Co on May 1, 2013 after 2011 Tōhoku earthquake. Some songs of the album encourage people to overcome the disaster. The album debuted at number one on both Oricon's and Billboard Japan's weekly album rankings, with 89,334 copies sold in its first week. It is certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of Japan for sales of 100,000. Land was ranked number 33 on Billboard Japan's Top 100 Albums of 2013. It won the Japan Record Awards for Best Album in 2013.

## Singles

Yuzu released singles from Land for over a year, including "Love & Peach", "Sho", "With You", "See You Tomorrow", "Reason", and "Black Bird". The single "Reason" and another song of the album, "Nagareboshi Kirari" (流れ星キラリ Shooting Star), were used as ending themes for the 2011 anime Hunter × Hunter. "Reason" was ranked number two on the Billboard Japan Hot 100, and received a digital download song certification of Gold from the RIAJ for sales of 100,000.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
| Japanese Top Albums (Billboard) | 1 |
| Japanese Albums (Oricon) | 1 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
| Japanese Top Albums (Billboard) | 33 |
| Japanese Albums (Oricon) | 32 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Japan (RIAJ) | Gold | 100,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||

## Awards

| Year | Award | Category | Work/Nominee | Result |
| 2013 | 55th Japan Record Awards | Best Album | Land | Won |
# International Cocoa Quarantine Centre

The International Cocoa Quarantine Centre (ICQC), located in Arborfield, a suburb of Reading, Berkshire, United Kingdom, is an organization aiming to reduce the amount of disease affecting cocoa plants. Cocoa plants are quarantined in a 1,000-square-metre (11,000 sq ft) greenhouse before being transported across the globe. Quarantining cocoa plants is considered important because over 70% of the global cocoa supply originates from West Africa, and therefore the cocoa market is susceptible to any catastrophic effects that should occur in that region.
The ICQC is part of the University of Reading. It was founded in 1985.
# International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation

ISAAC, the International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation, is an academic conference in the field of theoretical computer science. ISAAC has been organized annually since 1990. The proceedings are published by Springer-Verlag in the LNCS series.
# Lamoria glaucalis

Lamoria glaucalis is a species of snout moth in the genus Lamoria. It was described by Aristide Caradja in 1925. It is found in China.
# Lamoria idiolepida

Lamoria idiolepida is a species of snout moth in the genus Lamoria. It was described by Turner in 1922. It is found in Australia, including Queensland.
# Lamoria imbella

Lamoria imbella is a species of snout moth. It is found in Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa and Zimbabwe.
# Europium(II) bromide

Europium(II) bromide is a crystalline compound of one europium atom and two bromine atoms. Europium(II) bromide is a white powder at room temperature, and odorless. Europium dibromide is hygroscopic.

## Reactions

Europium(II) bromide is known to be involved in three reactions:
    2 EuBr$_3$ + Eu → 3 EuBr$_2$ (requires a temperature of 800-900 °C)
    2 EuBr$_3$ → 2 EuBr$_2$ + Br$_2$ (requires a temperature of 900-1000 °C)
    Eu + HgBr$_2$ → EuBr$_2$ + Hg (requires a temperature of 700-800 °C)
# Eurytoma amygdali

Eurytoma amygdali, or the almond seed wasp, is a species of wasp in the family Eurytomidae which is native to Mediterranean areas, and parts of former Soviet Union.

## Diet and ecology

E. amygdali is considered a pest in most of its range, especially in northern Greek districts Thessaloniki and Chalkidiki because they insert their ovaries into almond seeds.
The wasp larvae overwinter within the blackened almond seeds.

## Adult

The adult male has a length of 4–6 mm and the female 6–8 mm. Its body is glossy/shiny black and its legs have a lighter colour.
# Manoj Joshi

Manoj Joshi may refer to:
* Manoj Joshi (actor) (born 1965), Indian film and television actor
* Manoj Joshi (journalist) (active from 1987), Indian journalist and author
* Manoj Joshi (commentator), Indian sports journalist, author and TV commentator
# Dracophyllum filifolium

Dracophyllum filifolium is a species of shrub or tree endemic to the North, South, and Stewart Islands of New Zealand. It was first described by Joseph Dalton Hooker in 1853 and gets the specific epithet filifolium for its leaves being like a filament. In the heath family Ericaceae, it inhabits mountain slopes, saddles and ridges and reaches a height of 1–4 m (3–13 ft). A 2017 assessment using the New Zealand Threat Classification System classified it as "Not Threatened", giving it an estimated population of more than 100,000.
# Alberto Torres (politician)

Alberto Torres (Itaboraí, 1865 - Rio de Janeiro state, 1917) was a politician and a Brazilian social thinker who was concerned about national unity and the organization of the society of Brazil.
In his work, he opposed the ideas of socialism and individualism as incompatible to the Brazilian reality and believed them to be responsible for the disintegration of society. He believed that objectively understanding Brazilian society is necessary to know its needs and to present pragmatic changes to it.
To do so, a strong state must lead changes.
His ideas were very much in use during Brazilian Revolution of 1930 and the 1964 Brazilian coup d'état.
His daughter Heloísa Alberto Torres was a Brazilian anthropologist and museum director.

## Works

* O problema nacional brasileiro
* A organização nacional
* As fontes da vida no Brasil, 1915
# 28th meridian

28th meridian may refer to:
* 28th meridian east, a line of longitude east of the Greenwich Meridian
* 28th meridian west, a line of longitude west of the Greenwich Meridian
# Aglossestra

Aglossestra is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.
# Eucalyptus gregsoniana

Eucalyptus gregsoniana, commonly known as the Wolgan snow gum or mallee snow gum, is a species of mallee that is endemic to New South Wales. It has white to pale grey bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and cup-shaped, hemispherical or conical fruit.

## Description

Eucalyptus gregsoniana is a mallee that typically grows to a height of 4 m (13 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has smooth light grey to white bark with patches of other colours. Young plants and coppice regrowth have lance-shaped or curved leaves that are 55–130 mm (2.2–5.1 in) long and 10–45 mm (0.39–1.77 in) wide. Adult leaves are also lance-shaped or curved, 55–120 mm (2.2–4.7 in) long and 8–25 mm (0.31–0.98 in) wide on a petiole 5–17 mm (0.20–0.67 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils in groups of seven, nine or eleven on an unbranched peduncle 2–10 mm (0.079–0.394 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels up to 3 mm (0.12 in) long. Mature buds are club-shaped, 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) wide and green, yellow or red with a rounded to conical operculum. Flowering occurs between November and December and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody cup-shaped, hemispherical or conical capsule 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) long and 6–9 mm (0.24–0.35 in) wide with the valves near rim level.

## Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus gregsoniana was first formally described in 1973 by Lawrie Johnson and Donald Blaxell in Contributions from the New South Wales Herbarium. The specific epithet gregsoniana honours Jesse Gregson and his son, Edward Gregson for their observations of eucalypts, especially in the Blue Mountains.

## Distribution and habitat

Wolgan snow gum grows in mallee and heath vegetation on the mountains and tablelands of the Blue Mountains and Budawang Mountains as well as on the Southern Tablelands between Newnes and Wadbilliga.
* Young specimen in Maranoa Gardens
* Leaf detail in Blue Mountains Botanic Garden
# Irreplaceable (disambiguation)

"Irreplaceable" is a 2006 song by Beyoncé.
Irreplaceable may also refer to:

## Music

* Irreplaceable (album), by George Benson, or the title song, 2003
* Irreplaceable (EP) or the title song, by S.H.E, 2016
* "Irreplaceable", a song by Kerri Ann, 1998
* "Irreplaceable", a track by Vinnie Paul from the Hellyeah album Welcome Home, 2019

## Other media

* Irreplaceable (film), a 2016 French film
* "Irreplaceable" (The Replacements), a television episode
* Irreplaceable, a 2009 novel by Stephen Lovely
# Laxminarayan Temple, Therubali

Laxminarayan temple is located at IMFA factory of Therubali, Rayagada district, Odisha. The deities Laxminarayan, Hanuman, Lord Jagannath, Balabhadra, Subhadra and Lord Siva are worshiped by thousands of devotees.

## History

Built over 14 years back by the IMFA, the temple is a major attraction of the district.

## Tourism

The temple is about 25 km from the district headquarters. It is one of the tourist attractions of the district. Visitors and devotees visit this place especially more on Tuesdays .
# Io vagabondo

"Io vagabondo" is an Italian song by the Italian band Nomadi, released in 1972.
There is a Spanish version titled "Yo vagabundo"; it was recorded in 1973 but it was published on CD only in 2003.

## Charts

| Chart | Peak position |
| Italy (Musica e dischi) | 1 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Italy (FIMI) Sales from 2009 | Platinum | 100,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Into the White Night

Into the White Night (白夜行, Byakuyako) is a 2010 Japanese film directed by Yoshihiro Fukagawa. It was screened in the Main Programme of the Panorama section at the 61st Berlin International Film Festival. It is based on Journey Under the Midnight Sun, by Keigo Higashino.

## Plot

A pawn shop owner in Osaka is murdered, but due to a lack of conclusive evidence the police lists the man's death as a suicide. Detective Sasagaki, who investigated the case, can't forget the main suspect's daughter Yukiho (Maki Horikita) and the pawn shop owner's son Ryoji.
As time goes by, more mysterious deaths surround Yukiho and Ryoji. Detective Sasagaki, still unable to let go of the pawn shop owner case, discovers startling details about Yukiho and Ryoji.

## Cast

* Maki Horikita as Yukiho Karasawa
* Kengo Kora as Ryoji Kirihara
* Keiko Toda as Yaiko Kirihara
* Tetsushi Tanaka as Isamu Matsuura
* Ayame Koike as Mika Shinozuka
* Eichiro Funakoshi as Junjo Sasagaki
* Nobuo Kyo as Kazunari Shinozuka
* Yurie Midori as Eriko Kawashima
* Urara Awata as Noriko Kurihara
* Yuki Imai as Ryoji Kirihara (10 years old)
* Shiori Fukumoto as Yukiho Nishimoto (10 years old)