OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mak Mandin (state constituency)

Mak Mandin is a state constituency in Penang, Malaysia that has been represented in the Penang State Legislative Assembly from 1986 until 1995.
The state constituency was created in the 1986 and is mandated to return a single member to the Penang State Legislative Assembly under the first past the post voting system.

## History

It was abolished in 1995 when it was redistributed.

### Representation history

Members of the Legislative Assembly for Mak Mandin :
| Assembly | Years | Member | Party |
| Constituency created from Bagan Jermal ||||
| 7th | 1986–1990 | Sak Cheng Lum | BN (MCA) |
| 8th | 1990–1995 | Lim Hock Seng | GR (DAP) |
| Constituency abolished, splited to Bagan Jermal ||||
# Gao Qu

Gao Qu (高璩) (died 865), courtesy name Yingzhi (瑩之), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, who served briefly (less than one year) during the reign of Emperor Yizong.

## Background

Gao Qu's family was descended from the imperial house of Northern Qi, and one of his ancestors, Gao Shilian, served as a chancellor during the reign of the great early Tang emperor Emperor Taizong, although the Gao family was not subsequently prominent. Both Gao Qu's uncle Gao Shaoyi (高少逸) and father Gao Yuanyu (高元裕), however, were prominent officials in the imperial government.

## Early career

Gao Qu passed the imperial examinations in the Jinshi class in 849, during the reign of Emperor Xuānzong of Tang, and after that he served on the staffs of regional governors. He later served as Zuo Shiyi (左拾遺), a low-level advisory official at the examination bureau of government (門下省, Menxia Sheng), and was made an imperial scholar (翰林學士, Hanlin Xueshi), apparently during Emperor Xuānzong's reign. He was later raised in his examination bureau post from Zuo Shiyi to Jianyi Daifu (諫議大夫), against the trend at the time that imperial scholars were rarely promoted in their other posts.

## Chancellorship

During the reign of Emperor Xuānzong's son Emperor Yizong, Gao Qu was made the military governor of Dongchuan Circuit (東川, headquartered in modern Mianyang, Sichuan), but soon thereafter was recalled to Chang'an to serve as deputy minister of defense (兵部侍郎, Bingbu Shilang), with the additional designation of Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi (同中書門下平章事), making him a chancellor. He died ten months thereafter and was given posthumous honors — although, at the urging of the scholar Cao Ye (曹鄴), who argued that many of Gao's associations were with improper people, he was given the rather unflattering posthumous name of La (剌, "indiscriminate").
# Gao Rongrong

Gao Rongrong (Chinese: 高蓉蓉; c. 1967/68 – 16 June 2005) was an accountant at an art college in Shenyang, China. She was dismissed in 1999 for practicing Falun Gong. Gao was reportedly sent to the Longshan Forced Labor Camp in July 2003.
Gao was allegedly tortured for six to seven hours. It was claimed that electric shock batons had been used on her face and neck. Gao tried to escape. She jumped from a second-floor window and was taken to a hospital because of multiple fractures. On 5 October 2004, Gao escaped from the hospital. She was re-apprehended by police on 6 March 2005. Gao died on 16 June 2005 while in custody. She was 37.
In 2005, Amnesty International called on the Chinese authorities to launch a full investigation into her death including allegations that she was tortured.
# Gao Qipei

Gao Qipei (Chinese: 高其佩; pinyin: Gāo Qípeì; 1660–1734) was born in Tieling to a family of Manchu ethnicity. He found success as an official in southern China; however, he is now primarily recognized for his achievements as a painter.

## Artistic Career

Initially, he earned recognition as an artist who did landscapes and figures in the traditional style. By the age of twenty, he had become known as an eccentric, who preferred using his hands -palms, fingers, nails- in place of a traditional Chinese brush. This style had precedents as Zhang Zao also preferred finger painting, but Gao Qipei went further. He grew his fingernails long to make them more effective instruments, and used his entire hand to create a highly individualized style.
# Gambling with Souls

Gambling with Souls is a 1936 American exploitation film directed by Elmer Clifton.

## Cast

* Martha Chapin as Mrs. Mae Miller
* Wheeler Oakman as Lucky Wilder
* Bryant Washburn as "Million Dollar" Taylor
* Gay Sheridan as Carolyn
* Vera Steadman as Molly Murdock
* Edward Keane as Attorney
* Robert Frazer as Dr. John Miller
* Gaston Glass as Officer
* Florence Dudley as Jean
* Eddie Laughton as Nick
# 2017 Clásica de San Sebastián

The 2017 Clásica de San Sebastián was a road cycling one-day race that took place on 29 July in San Sebastián, Spain. It was the 37th edition of the Clásica de San Sebastián and the twenty-sixth event of the 2017 UCI World Tour.
The race was won by Team Sky's Michał Kwiatkowski in a five-rider group sprint, ahead of former race winners Tony Gallopin (Lotto–Soudal) and Trek–Segafredo's Bauke Mollema.

## Teams

As Clásica de San Sebastián was a UCI World Tour event, all eighteen UCI WorldTeams were invited automatically and obliged to enter a team in the race. Two UCI Professional Continental teams – Caja Rural–Seguros RGA and Cofidis – competed, completing the 20-team peloton.
UCI WorldTeams
* AG2R La Mondiale
* Astana
* Bahrain–Merida
* BMC Racing Team
* Bora–Hansgrohe
* Cannondale–Drapac
* Team Dimension Data
* FDJ
* Team Katusha–Alpecin
* LottoNL–Jumbo
* Lotto–Soudal
* Movistar Team
* Orica–Scott
* Quick-Step Floors
* Team Sky
* Team Sunweb
* Trek–Segafredo
* UAE Team Emirates
UCI Professional Continental teams
* Caja Rural–Seguros RGA
* Cofidis

## Result

Result :
| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
| 1 | Michał Kwiatkowski (POL) | Team Sky | 5h 52' 53" |
| 2 | Tony Gallopin (FRA) | Lotto–Soudal | + 0" |
| 3 | Bauke Mollema (NED) | Trek–Segafredo | + 0" |
| 4 | Tom Dumoulin (NED) | Team Sunweb | + 0" |
| 5 | Mikel Landa (ESP) | Team Sky | + 2" |
| 6 | Alberto Bettiol (ITA) | Cannondale–Drapac | + 28" |
| 7 | Anthony Roux (FRA) | FDJ | + 38" |
| 8 | Greg Van Avermaet (BEL) | BMC Racing Team | + 38" |
| 9 | Tiesj Benoot (BEL) | Lotto–Soudal | + 38" |
| 10 | Nicolas Roche (IRL) | BMC Racing Team | + 38" |
# Maldonado

Maldonado may refer to:
* Maldonado (surname)
* Maldonado Department of Uruguay
** Maldonado, Uruguay, the capital city of Maldonado Department
* Pedro Vicente Maldonado (canton), Ecuador
* Maldonado Base, Ecuadorian research base in Antarctica
* Puerto Maldonado, a city in Peru
* Maldonado Stream, a stream in Buenos Aires, Argentina
# Garthorpe

Garthorpe may refer to the following places in England:
* Garthorpe, Leicestershire
* Garthorpe, Lincolnshire
# Gamkrelidze

Gamkrelidze is a Georgian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* David Gamkrelidze, Georgian politician
* Revaz Gamkrelidze, Georgian mathematician
* Tamaz Gamkrelidze, Georgian linguist and orientalist
* Vladimeri Gamkrelidze, Georgian wrestler
# Garmouth railway station

Garmouth railway station was a railway station in Garmouth, parish of Urquhart, Moray. The railway station was opened by the Great North of Scotland Railway (GNoSR) on its Moray Firth coast line in 1884, served by Aberdeen to Elgin trains. It served the villages of Kingston-on-Spey and Garmouth and closed to regular passenger traffic on 6 May 1968 on the same date as the line itself.
In 1923 the GNoSR became part of the London and North Eastern Railway and at nationalisation in 1948 became part of British Railways. The line was recommended for closure by Dr Beeching's report "The Reshaping of British Railways" and closed on 6 May 1968.

## History
### Background

In 1881 the Great North of Scotland Railway put a bill to parliament to extend its Portsoy line along the Moray Firth as far as Buckie. In 1882 the Great North of Scotland applied for permission to build a 25+1⁄4-mile (40.6 km) line from Portsoy following the coast to Buckie and then running on to Elgin.

### Great North of Scotland Railway

The GNoSR station opened as Garmouth on 12 August 1884 and to goods on 5 May 1886 with the central section of the coast line, served by through Aberdeen to Elgin trains. In 1923 the Great North of Scotland Railway was absorbed by the London and North Eastern Railway. This company was nationalised in 1948, and services were then provided by British Railways. The station and line was recommended for closure by Dr Beeching in his report "The Reshaping of British Railways" and closed on 6 May 1968.

## Services

The GNoSR station was served by through trains a day between Aberdeen to Elgin. There were no Sunday services.

## The station infrastructure

Garmouth station had one platform with a typical wooden station building and what appear to be additional toilet buildings on either end. A stationmaster's house sits just beyond the Urquhart end of the platform. A crane stood in the goods yard and a storage hut was located on the platform.
The 1903 OS map shows that a considerable number of changes took place with a reduction from two to one platform, the removal of a passing loop, an overbridge and two signal boxes. A goods shed and weighing machine are shown with what may have been a bay platform on the Spey Bay end. A small shelter is shown on the second platform together with one of the signal boxes. The station was host to a LNER camping coach from 1935 and 1936 and possibly one for some of 1934. A photograph taken in 1960 may show the grass covered second platform edge with no passing loop and the 1957 OS map confirms this.
The Moray Coast line was predominantly single track apart from a double track section between Buckie and Portessie. Track lifting took place shortly after closure in 1968.

## The Speyside Way

The Spey Viaduct formerly carried the Moray Coast railway over the River Spey to Spey Bay station and beyond, however it now serves walkers using the Speyside Way that runs from Aviemore to Buckpool old harbour.
| Preceding station | Historical railways | Historical railways | Historical railways | Following station |
| Urquhart | | Great North of Scotland | | Spey Bay |
# Gassan Dam

Gassan Dam is a concrete gravity dam located in Yamagata Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for flood control, water supply and power production. The catchment area of the dam is 239.8 km$^2$. The dam impounds about 180 ha of land when full and can store 65000 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was started on 1976 and completed in 2001.
# Gassam Department

Gassam is a department or commune of Nayala Province in western Burkina Faso. Its capital is the town of Gassam. According to the 2019 census the department has a total population of 44,132.

## Towns and villages

* Gassam (6 176 inhabitants) (capital)
* Balanso (493 inhabitants)
* Djimbara (1 900 inhabitants)
* Dièrè (2 342 inhabitants)
* Djin (824 inhabitants)
* Goni (830 inhabitants)
* Korombéré (630 inhabitants)
* Kossé (1 900 inhabitants)
* Koussiba (341 inhabitants)
* Koussidian (881 inhabitants)
* Laraba (1 486 inhabitants)
* Larè (1 086 inhabitants)
* Léry (1 294 inhabitants)
* Lesséré (933 inhabitants)
* Moara-Grand (1 515 inhabitants)
* Moara-Petit (693 inhabitants)
* Soni (734 inhabitants)
* Soroni (694 inhabitants)
* Soro (1 537 inhabitants)
* Téri-Rimaïbé (418 inhabitants)
* Téri-Samo (342 inhabitants)
* Tissi (1 528 inhabitants)
* Toubani (651 inhabitants)
* Warou (633 inhabitants)
* Zaba (2 012 inhabitants)
# MainView

MainView, currently advertised as BMC MainView, is a systems management software produced by BMC Software. It was created in 1990 by Boole & Babbage and became part of BMC Software's services after they bought out Boole & Babbage in a stock swap.

## History

MainView was created in 1990 by Boole & Babbage as office automation software, designed specifically to work on IBM hardware. The product was designed so that companies would be able to automate their data management systems as well as being able to control what is automated within each enterprise. In 1993, it was updated to include support for parallel processors.
The system gained popularity with users being pleased with its real-time data however expressed dissatisfaction with its usage of counterfactual history to make decisions. In 1998, following BMC Software's purchase of Boole & Babbage, they announced that they would continue to operate MainView by directly integrating it with their IBM hardware products rather than continuing to sell it as specifically as a separate software product. BMC Software continued to upgrade MainView to be compatible with new technologies. In 2016, MainView was upgraded to be compatible with Java Environments.

## Advertising

In 1993, Boole & Babbage signed a deal with Paramount Pictures to license Star Trek for use in their advertising. The first way they used it was to advertise MainView. They produced a short advertising film titled "The Vision", which included Star Trek: The Next Generation's Commander William Riker (played by Jonathan Frakes, with whom B&B also signed a spokesman's deal) using MainView on the bridge of the USS Enterprise to promote MainView. Boole & Babbage also used Frakes to promote MainView in person at the Computer Measurement Group conference as well as to announce that MainView would become available for singular desktop computers later in that year.
# Gary Spangler

Gary Spangler is an American music executive and the executive vice president of Republic Records, a division of Universal Music Group.

## Career

Spangler began his career in the music industry at age 17 in 1996 as a DJ working in Santa Cruz, California.
From 1997 to 2006, he worked at music promotion company Lawman Promotions in San Francisco. He later became vice president of the company. He also worked for KYLD, based in the same city.
In 2006, he joined Republic Records as vice president of crossover promotion, where he created campaigns for Drake, Taylor Swift, and Lil Wayne, among others. In 2012, he was named senior vice president promotion & operations. He became executive vice president of promotion in 2016, overseeing promotion and strategy for Republic Records and Island Records. In 2021, he was promoted to executive vice president of Republic.

## Notable features

In 2015, he was featured on Billboard's Forty Under Forty Power Players list. He appeared on Variety's 2018 Hitmakers List for his work promoting several Post Malone and Drake songs, and again in 2019 for his work on Ariana Grande's singles "7 Rings" and "Thank U, Next" as well as Shawn Mendes' and Camila Cabello's "Senorita". In 2020, he was named to Variety's Hitmakers Impact List. Billboard named him Executive of the Week in February 2021 for the pop radio promotion of Ariana Grande and The Weeknd.

## Philanthropy

As of 2018, Spangler is a member of the Ryan Seacrest Foundation's advisory board.
# Gary Feldman

Gary J. Feldman is an American particle physicist who works on neutrino physics with the NOvA experiment based at Fermilab.

## Early life and education

Feldman was born in Cheyenne, Wyoming and was raised in South Bend, Indiana. His father immigrated from Poland to the United States as a child shortly after World War I. Feldman's father attended college at the City University of New York and received his medical training at the University of Basel.
Feldman developed an interest in physics in high school after attending an open house at the University of Notre Dame. He decided to start college as a physics major with the condition that he study whatever was most interesting to him. He claims he "never found anything that interests me more". Feldman moved to Harvard for graduate school, where he attained his PhD.

## Career

After graduate school, Feldman moved to SLAC in 1971. He participated in the Mark 1 experiment at SPEAR, which was responsible for two Nobel Prizes: one for the discovery of the charm quark (Burton Richter in 1976) and the other for the discovery of the tau lepton (Martin Perl in 1995). Feldman was a co-spokesperson for the Mark 2 experiment at the Stanford Linear Collider.
In 1990 Feldman moved back to Harvard as a professor. Feldman participated in the NOMAD experiment at CERN and the MINOS experiment at Fermilab. He was a co-spokesperson for the NOvA experiment at Fermilab from its design to early data-taking phases, spanning 11 years.
Feldman chaired the Harvard Physics Department from 1994 to 1997.
Feldman is a fellow of the American Physical Society and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Feldman now serves as Frank B. Baird, Jr. Professor of Science, Emeritus at Harvard and continues work on the NOvA experiment.
# Bollé, Burkina Faso

Bollé is a town in the Méguet Department of Ganzourgou Province in central Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 1,100.
# Body-part counting system

Some languages of the world have numeral systems that do not make use of an arithmetic base. One such system is the body-part counting system which make use of further body parts to extend the system beyond the ten fingers.
Counting typically begins by touching (and usually bending) the fingers of one hand, moves up the arm to the shoulders and neck, and in some systems, to other parts of the upper body or the head. A central point serves as the half-way point. Once this is reached, the counter continues, touching and bending the corresponding points on the other side until the fingers are reached.

## Use

The body-part counting system is quite typical of a number of languages within the New Guinea Highlands.

### Oceania

* Foi, an East Kutubuan language, features a body-part numeral system that counts up to 37.
* Oksapmin, a Trans–New Guinea language spoken in Sandaun Province, features a body-part counting system that goes up to 27. Geoffrey Saxe, in ethnographic work, has described shifts in form and function of the system in recent history linked to shifts towards a cash economy and the introduction of Western-styled schooling.
* Kobon, a Papuan language spoken in the Madang Province, counts up to 23. The count can then be reversed for larger numbers.

## Reverse counting

For example, in Kobon, the body parts on the left-hand side of the body are used in order to count from 1 to 12. The count can then continue down the right-hand side of the body up to 23. It is then possible to reverse the count, starting from the end point on the right as 24 back up to the 12th position on the left as 35, then down again to the end point on the left as 46.
One effect of this is that the names of particular body parts when used as numerals are multiply ambiguous. The same body part can represent multiple numbers depending on the how many passes across the body were made. There are usually means, optional or obligatory depending on the language, to distinguish the second side of the body used in a count from the first, as well as to indicate which pass across the body is being used, but there is no productive means to identify other than a small number of passes across the body.
# George F. Anderson

George F. Anderson may refer to:
* George Frederick Anderson (1793–1876), British violinist and Master of the Queen's Music
* George F. Anderson, member of the South Dakota State Senate in 1905
# Adonis Awakens

Adonis Awakens (in French Le réveil d’Adonis, literally The Awakening of Adonis) is an 1889 sculpture by the French artist Auguste Rodin. Based on the account of Adonis in Book 10 of Ovid's Metamorphoses, it is signed “A RODIN” on the edge of the base. It is now in the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City.

## Background

Venus found Adonis as a baby and took him to the underworld to be fostered by Persephone and to protect him from the wrath of Apollo and Artemis. Once he had grown up she returned to collect him and - after being accidentally wounded by one of her son Cupid's arrows - fell in love with him. Persephone had also fallen in love with him and so Jupiter decreed that he should spend one third of each year with Venus, one third with Persephone and the remaining third with whomever he chose - Adonis opted for Venus, but was later gored to death by a wild boar.

## Description

The work shows a disconsolate Venus leaning over the sleeping body of Adonis, gored to death by Apollo in the form of a wild boar and symbolising Spring asleep in the arms of winter. Her hair drapes over and merges with the face of Persephone, asleep on Adonis' chest. Adonis sleeps in the hollow of a tree trunk, with Venus' knees on the earth. The phallus also evokes the start of the life-cycle, since when Adonis is dead autumn begins and cold prevents the growth of crops. They are surrounded by nymphs. The work exemplifies Rodin's mature style, particularly in the contrast between highly finished and unfinished areas.
# Georgia Educational Technology Fair

The Georgia Educational Technology Fair (GaETF) is an annual student technology competition produced by the Georgia Educational Technology Consortium. The Consortium sponsors other technology initiatives in Georgia, including the Georgia Educational Technology Conference (GaETC). The GaETF is the highest level of student technology competition in Georgia and approximately 400 projects, representing the work of 450 students, are judged at the competition each Spring.

## Competition

Finalists who receive first place at recognized regional technology fairs may compete at state.
Competition is open to all third thru twelfth grade students residing in the state.
There are fourteen categories in the competition:Case Modification, Digital Video Production, Hardware, Individual and Team Programming Challenge, Web 2.0 Internet Applications, Multimedia Applications, Non-multimedia Applications, Project Programming, Robotics, Technology Literacy Challenge, Animated Graphic Design, Non-Animated Graphic Design, Digital Photography and 3d Modeling.

## History

Lou Dewberry started the Georgia Educational Technology Fair in 2001. With Lou Dewberry's passing in 2007, the Fair created the Lou Dewberry Memorial Scholarship. The scholarship is awarded annually to a participating high school senior at the state competition.
The Georgia Educational Technology Fair has been held across the state every year since 2001.
The 2015 Technology Fair was held in Macon, Georgia..
2020–2021 saw this fair go virtual.

## Leadership

The Georgia Educational Technology Fair is directed by Tom Lamb and Anthony Shields. The following individuals make up the rest of the steering committee that coordinate the annual event: Jim Hardin, Reesa Azar, Vicki Boatwright, Mike Evans, Richard Free, and Kathy Politis.
The Georgia Educational Technology Consortium which produces the technology competition, is a nonprofit organization independent of any educational or commercial entities and is governed by a 15-member Board of Directors, under the leadership of Dr. Wayne Robinson.
# Margarites ecarinatus

Margarites ecarinatus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Margaritidae.

## Description

The height of the shell attains 8 mm. The pinkish grey shell is depressed. It has about five rapidly enlarging whorls. The glassy nucleus is minute. The subsequent whorls are moderately inflated. They are separated by a deep but not channelled suture, having a rounded periphery, a wide, completely pervious umbilicus, and a large, very oblique, iridescent aperture. The axial sculpture consists of very fine silky incremental lines. The spiral sculpture consists of low flattish threads separated by narrower interspaces sometimes carrying a finer intercalary thread. This sculpture is carried over the base but is absent from the walls of the wide umbilicus;. The rounded aperture is very oblique. Its margins are sharp, hardly meeting over the body except by a thin layer of enamel. The brown operculum is thin, and multispiral.