OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1686 in art

Events from the year 1686 in art.

## Events

* Pierre Granier is commissioned to provide a new right arm for the recently discovered Jupiter de Smyrne.
* Bogdan Saltanov becomes head of the painting workshop of the Kremlin Armoury.

## Works

* Benedetto Gennari – The Death of Cleopatra
* Jacques Rousseau – Wall paintings at Montagu House, Bloomsbury (now lost)
* (three artists) – Hanging painting of the Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva (Gwaneumbodhisavtta) at the Geumdangsa, South Korea
* (workshop of Grinling Gibbons) – Statue of James II

## Births

* March 7 – Francesco Antonio Xaverio Grue, Italian potter and painter (died 1746)
* March 17 – Jean-Baptiste Oudry, French Rococo painter, engraver and tapestry designer (died 1755)
* May 30 – Antonina Houbraken, Dutch printmaker and drafter (died 1736)
* August 8 – Wenzel Lorenz Reiner, Czech Baroque painter (died 1743)
* August 18 – Peter von Bemmel, German landscape painter and etcher (died 1754)
* August 27 – Agostino Cornacchini, Italian sculptor and painter (died 1754)
* September 29 – Cosmas Damian Asam, German painter and architect during the late Baroque period (died 1739)
* October 15 – Alessandro Galli Bibiena, Italian architect/painter (died 1748)
* date unknown
** Gerhard Bockman, Dutch portrait painter and mezzotint engraver (died 1773)
** Carlo Carlone, Italian painter (died 1775)
** Antonio Consetti, Italian historical painter (died 1766)
** Louise-Magdeleine Horthemels, French engraver (died 1767)
** François Hutin, French painter, sculptor and engraver (died 1758)
** Giovanni Pietro Ligario, Italian painter of historical pictures for churches and private collections (died 1748)
** Okumura Masanobu, Japanese print designer, book publisher and painter (died 1764)
** Wang Shishen, Chinese painter (died 1759)
** Zou Yigui, Chinese Qing dynasty painter (died 1772)
** Zhang Zongcang, Chinese Qing dynasty painter (died 1756)
* probable – Li Shan, Chinese painter (died 1756)

## Deaths

* January 2 – Frederik de Moucheron, Dutch Golden Age landscape painter (born 1633)
* January 17 – Carlo Dolci, Italian painter of chiefly sacred subjects (born 1616)
* February 5 – Matthias Rauchmiller, German sculptor active in Vienna (born 1645)
* May – Jacques d'Arthois, Flemish Baroque painter specializing in landscapes (born 1613)
* June 25 – Simon Ushakov, Russian painter (born 1626)
* July 11 – Michel Anguier, French sculptor (born 1612)
* date unknown
** Antonio Busca, Italian painter active in Lombardy (born 1625)
** Carlo Cesio, Italian painter active in Rome (born 1626)
** Nicolas Cochin, French draughtsman and engraver (born 1610)
** Giovanni Battista Marmi, Italian painter (born 1659)
** Pieter Pietersz Nedek, Dutch Golden Age painter (born 1616)
** Antonio Raggi, Italian sculptor (born 1624)
** Dirk Stoop, Dutch Golden Age painter (born 1615)
# Hakea verrucosa

Hakea verrucosa is a flowering plant in the family Proteaceae that is endemic to south-west Western Australia. It has large white, deep pink or red pendulous flowers with stiff needle-shaped leaves.

## Description

Hakea verrucosa is a spreading prickly shrub growing to 0.8–2.6 m (3–9 ft) high and does not form a lignotuber. The branchlets are covered mostly in densely matted, short, rusty hairs. The green terete leaves are about 2–6.3 cm (0.79–2.48 in) long and 1–1.5 mm (0.039–0.059 in) wide, ending in a sharp point 1–2 mm (0.039–0.079 in) long. The leaves are smooth and have a tendency to point in one direction from the branchlet. The pendant inflorescence consists of 7-14 white, pink to red flowers in a showy profusion in axillary clusters, or on old wood. Each inflorescence is held on a stalk about 3–16 mm (0.12–0.63 in) long. The pedicel 2–5.4 mm (0.079–0.213 in) long, the perianth 6–9 mm (0.24–0.35 in) long, initially a cream-white and aging to pink and the pistil 21–25 mm (0.83–0.98 in) long. Flowering occurs between May and August and the fruit are obliquely egg-shaped 2.2–3.1 cm (0.9–1 in) long and 1.2–1.4 cm (0.5–0.6 in) wide with blister-like protuberances, tapering to two horns 2.5–5 mm (0.098–0.197 in) long.

## Taxonomy and naming

The species was first formally described in 1865 by Victorian Government Botanist Ferdinand von Mueller and published in the fifth volume of his Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. Named from the Latin verrucosus - warty, referring to the seed surface.

## Distribution and habitat

Hakea verrucosa grows in heath and low woodland on sandy-loam, near creeks, clay and gravel ranging from Jerramungup along the coast to Esperance.

## Uses in horticulture

A frost-tolerant species that requires a well-drained site. Due to its dense prickly growth habit a good wildlife habitat and low windbreak.

## Conservation status

Hakea verrucosa is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government. Department of Parks and Wildlife.
# Greig

Greig may refer to:

## People

* Greig (name)

## Places
### United States

* Greig, New York, a town in Lewis County, New York
* Cape Greig in Alaska

### Canada

* Greig Lake (Saskatchewan), a lake in Saskatchewan
* Greig Lake (Vancouver Island), a lake in British Columbia

## Other uses

* David Greig (supermarket), a former UK supermarket chain, now part of the Co-operative Group
* Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome
* Greig City Academy
# Mason Proper

Mason Proper was an American rock band formed in Alpena, Michigan, in 2004. The band consisted of Jonathan Visger (singer), Matt Thompson (keyboard player), Zac Fineberg (bass guitarist), Brian Konicek (guitarist) and Garrett Jones (drummer).

## History

The band was formed in Alpena in 2004 and recorded extensively throughout the year. On 17 January 2006, they released There Is A Moth In Your Chest on their own Mang Chung label. Cover art was provided by Aaron Burtch, the drummer of Grandaddy.
In 2006, the group focused on promoting their first album, touring across the country and recording sessions. In September, the band signed with the New York-based Dovecote Records, and the self-released version of their album immediately went out of print. The band released a re-mixed, re-mastered, and (in parts) re-recorded version of There Is A Moth In Your Chest in 2007 for Dovecote. The band toured through most of 2007 in support of Moth," afterwards releasing a four-song EP of new material entitled Shorthand'
The band released their second album, Olly Oxen Free, on September 23, 2008, on Dovecote Records.

## Discography

* There Is a Moth in Your Chest (Mang Chung) – January 17, 2006
* There Is a Moth in Your Chest (Dovecote) – March 13, 2007
* Short Hand EP – March 25, 2008
* Olly Oxen Free – September 23, 2008
# Alvania parazosta

Alvania parazosta is an extinct species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 1.6 mm, its diameter 1.1 mm.

## Distribution

Fossils of this species were found in Oligocene strata in Aquitaine, France; age range: 28.4 to 23.03 Ma
# Michael Bochtler

Michael Bochtler (born 15 October 1975) is a German former professional footballer who played as a defender.
# Ait Bazza

Ait Bazza is a small town and rural commune in Boulemane Province of the Fès-Meknès region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 3480 people living in 612 households.
# Menon (gastropod)

Menon is a genus of medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Eulimidae.

## Species

There is only one known species within this genus:
* Menon anceps Hedley, 1900
# Hemang

Twifo ntafrewaso is a town in the Central region of Ghana. The town is known for the twifo oil palm plantation(TOPP). The school is a second cycle institution.
# Middle Brow (restaurant)

Middle Brow (or Middle Brow Beer Co.) is a brewery and winery based in Chicago, Illinois. The pizzeria Bungalow by Middle Brow, also known as Middle Brow Bungalow, was included in The New York Times's 2024 list of the 22 best pizzerias in the U.S.
# Mehadica (river)

The Mehadica is a right tributary of the river Belareca in Romania. It discharges into the Belareca near the village Mehadia. Its length is 46 km (29 mi) and its basin size is 400 km$^2$ (150 sq mi).
# Masrik

Masrik may refer to:
* Mets Masrik, a town in the Gegharkunik province of Armenia
* Pokr Masrik, a town in the Gegharkunik Province of Armenia
# American Smooth (poetry collection)

American Smooth is a poetry book by Rita Dove.

## Contents

* All souls
* "I have been a stranger in a strange land"
* Fox trot Fridays
* Ta ta cha cha
* Quick
* Brown
* Fox
* Heart to heart
* Cozy apologia
* Soprano
* Two for the Montrose drive-in
* Meditation at fifty yards, moving target
* American smooth
* The castle walk
* The passage
* Noble sissle's horn
* Alfonzo prepares to go over the top
* La Chapelle. 92nd Division. Ted
* Variation on reclamation
* The return of Lieutenant James Reese Europe
* Ripont
* Chocolate
* Bolero
* Hattie McDaniel arrives at the coconut grove
* Samba summer
* Blues in half-tones, 3/4 time
* Describe yourself in three words or less
* The seven veils of Salomé
* From your valentine
* Rhumba
* The sisters: swansong.
* Evening primrose
* Reverie in open air
* Sic itur ad astra
* Count to ten and we'll be there
* Eliza, age 10, Harlem
* Lullaby
* Driving through
* Desert backyard
* Desk dreams
* Now
* Against flight
* Looking up from the page, I am reminded of this mortal coil.

## Reviews

* Edward Byrne (2004–2005). "RITA DOVE: AMERICAN SMOOTH". Valparaiso Review.
* Emily Nussbaum (November 21, 2004). "American Smooth: Dance Fever". The New York Times.
# Michael Boddy

Michael Boddy (8 March 1934 – 13 April 2014) was an English-Australian actor and writer. His best known works include co-writing the play The Legend of King O'Malley with Bob Ellis.

## Personal

Boddy was born in the village of Baldersby, Yorkshire. His father George Boddy was the local vicar. He studied at Marlborough College and the University of Cambridge; two years of medicine were replaced by studies in natural sciences, classics and literature.
He met his first wife, the poet and writer Margaret Scott, in England, and they migrated to Tasmania in 1959. There he taught at a Hobart high school, while Margaret developed her career as a poet and writer. His second wife, whom he married in 1968 after moving to Sydney in 1965, was the artist Janet Dawson. She won the 1973 Archibald Prize with a portrait of Boddy. Boddy and Dawson moved to Binalong, from where he wrote a regular food column for The Canberra Times.
He died in April 2014, aged 80; he was survived by Janet Dawson Boddy, two children (a third son predeceased him), six grandchildren, two great-grandchildren, and a sister.

## Select credits

* John Forrester Awaits the Light (1966) - TV Play
* All Fall Down (1967) - TV play for the ABC
* Intersection (1967) - TV play
* Breakdown (1967) - TV play
* Tilley Landed On Our Shore (1969)
* The Legend of King O'Malley (1970; with Bob Ellis)
* Dead Men Running (1971)
* Hamlet on Ice (1971)
* Biggles (1970)
* Cash
* The Last Supper Show (1972)
* Redheap (1972, TV series)
* Cradle of Hercules (1974)
* Lust for Power (1977)
* Crushed by Desire (1978)
* The Smallest Frog in the World
# Gunnar Öhman

Lars Gunnar Öhman (20 October 1904 – 7 October 1970) was a Swedish politician, belonging to the Communist Party of Sweden.
Öhman was the son of Erik Öhman (farmer and shoemaker) and Anna Svedlund. His older brother, Oscar Öhman, was a member of parliament from 1929–1932. Gunnar Öhman worked as sawmills in Medelpad between 1918 and 1924. He worked at the Sundsvall newspaper Norrlands-Kuriren 1924 to 1928. During these four years he was the secretary of the Young Communist League district unit in Medelpad.
When the Communist Party suffered a major split in 1929, Gunnar Öhman remained loyal to the party. His brother, Oscar, on the other hand sided with the Karl Kilbom faction.
Rising in the party ranks following the split, Öhman was one of the 'men of 1929' grouping (with Hilding Hagberg, Fritjof Lager, Gunnar Johansson) that would dominate the party affairs for several decades to come. In 1932 he moved to Norrbotten, working at Norrskensflamman and as organizer of the Communist Party district unit. In 1933 he became a Central Committee member of the party (a post he would hold until 1963). In 1934 he became secretary of the Stockholm-Mälardalen district of the party. In 1936 he was included in the politburo of the party.
Öhman sat in the Stockholm City Council between 1942 and 1954. He also served as chairman of the Stockholm Communist Labour Commune. He was replaced by Fritjof Lager in this post in 1952. Between 1943 and 1948 he served as national party secretary. In 1953 he was appointed editor-in-chief of Ny Dag. In 1957 he became the editor of Vår Tid. According to a 1961 article in Der Spiegel, Öhman was the ideologue of the party at the time.
Öhman represented Stockholm in the First Chamber 1946–1953. He was later elected from Göteborg, representing the constituency in the First Chamber 1955–1962. He led the communist parliamentary faction in the First Chamber 1955–1962.
# Architecture of Western Australia

The architecture of Western Australia has been influenced by the legacy of being an English colony in the late nineteenth century.
Colonial architecture remains scattered through the capital city Perth, and regional centres.
Despite the separation from the rest of Australia by distance, the influence of Australian styles was marked upon building and designing in Western Australia.
Notable architects include those who were Principal architect:
* 1891 – 1897 George Temple-Poole
* 1897 – 1905 John Harry Grainger
* 1905 – 1917 Hillson Beasley
* 1917 – 1927 William Hardwick
# Balthasar van der Pol

Balthasar van der Pol (27 January 1889 – 6 October 1959) was a Dutch physicist.

## Life and work

Van der Pol began his studies of physics in Utrecht in 1911. J. A. Fleming offered van der Pol the use of the Pender Electrical Laboratory at University College for a study of the heuristics of wireless reception on board ships. In England he also worked with J. J. Thomson. Upon his return to the Netherlands, Balthasar worked with Hendrik Lorentz at Teylers Stichting. For his thesis he wrote The effect of an ionised gas on electro-magnetic wave propagation and its application to radio, as demonstrated by glow-discharge measurement under the supervision of Willem Henri Julius. He was awarded his Ph.D. in 1920. He joined Philips Research Laboratories in 1921, where he worked until his retirement in 1949.
As observed by Hendrik Casimir, "Radio might have remained a field of haphazard empiricism along with wild commercial ventures, but for the influence of men like van der Pol who stressed the need for a more scientific approach."
The differential equations of coupled electrical systems drew his interest, and he developed the idea of "relaxation oscillations". With J. van der Mark he applied the idea to the heartbeat, which provided one of the earliest quantitative models of the action potential. These studies led him to the van der Pol equation and Oliver Heaviside’s operational calculus for dealing with differential equations. He submitted articles to Philosophical Magazine on the operational calculus and, in coordination with H. Bremmer, wrote Modern Operational Calculus based on the Two-sided Laplace Integral, published by Cambridge University Press.
He was awarded the Institute of Radio Engineers (now the IEEE) Medal of Honor in 1935. The asteroid 10443 van der Pol was named after him.
Van der Pol became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1949.

## Works

* 1928: (with J van der Mark) The Heartbeat considered as a Relaxation oscillation, and an Electrical Model of the Heart. Phil. Mag. Suppl. No. 6 pp 763–775
* 1947: An electro-mechanical investigation of the Riemann zeta function in the critical strip, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 53: 976–81 MR0022712
* 1964: (with H. Bremmer) Operational Calculus Cambridge University Press
* 1960: Selected Scientific Papers, North-Holland Two volumes
# Alfred Edwin Howard Tutton

Alfred Edwin Howard Tutton (22 August 1864 – 14 July 1938) was a British inspector of schools who was a crystallographer in his spare time. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1899.
Tutton was born in Cheadle Moseley, Cheshire, to Venetian blind-maker James Tutton. Educated at the National School, Edgeley, he worked for a while as a town clerk and later as a medical officer at Stockport. He attended evening classes in chemistry at Owens College with lectures by Sir Henry Roscoe. A scholarship allowed him to study under Percy Faraday Frankland, Thomas Edward Thorpe, John Wesley Judd and Arthur William Rucker at the Royal College of Science in London for three years.
He became a lecturer in chemistry in 1889 and an inspector for schools in 1895. He set up a laboratory at home and began to work on crystallography in his spare time. He taught himself everything about crystallography on his own, except for some assistance from HA Miers. He designed instruments to measure crystal angles and interferometers, which were made for him by Troughton & Simms. He studied the oxides of phosphorus in collaboration with Thorpe. Until 1895 his work was based in South Kensington, where Thorpe was working, and after this date he moved to Oxford. While there he continued his education and received a BSc (1895) and a DSc (1903) from New College.
He published several books on crystallography and was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1899. In 1905, he was transferred to London and in 1911 to Morant. He visited Canada in 1909 to lecture on "the seven styles of crystal architecture". He retired in 1924.
Using his interferometric technique, he was able to verify the use of the wavelength of a specific spectral line as a way of standardizing the imperial yard in 1930. He received an honorary DSc from Manchester University in 1926. In 1937, he travelled to India to attend the Indian Science Congress. He died at Dallington, East Sussex, the next year.
Tutton's books included Crystalline Structure and Chemical Constitution (1910), Crystallography and Practical Crystal Measurement (1911, 1922) and Crystals (1911). His interest in mountaineering led to his book The Natural History of Ice and Snow (1927), which in turn led to the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) naming a location in the Antarctic Tutton Point.
Tutton married Margaret Loat in 1902 and they had two sons and four daughters. He was a keen mountaineer and had an accident in 1926. He suffered from failing eyesight towards the end of his life.
# Ascot Park, South Australia

Ascot Park is a suburb in the south-western part of Adelaide in the City of Marion. It was named after Ascot Racecourse in England.
Ascot Park is bordered in the west by Marion Road, to the north by Wood Street, in the east by Robert Street and West Street and to the south by the southernmost of Daws Road and the Seaford railway line. It is adjacent to Park Holme, Edwardstown, South Plympton and Mitchell Park.

## Transport

The Seaford railway line stops at Ascot Park railway station and both the Seaford and Tonsley train line stops at Woodlands Park railway station, and the bus route M44 runs from Golden Grove in the north-eastern suburbs through the city centre, through Ascot Park and its adjoining suburbs to Westfield Marion.

## Reserves

There are three reserves in Ascot Park. First Avenue Reserve is located in the middle of First Avenue which contains a playground facility, a barbecue and an open, grassed area. Another reserve is between Sixth Avenue and Allison Street. This area contains a playground, a shelter with a table and a grassed area. This reserve is also fenced off so is suitable for dogs to be unleashed. A third reserve is located at the corner of Charles Street and Albert Street, on the eastern side of the Flinders railway line.

## Facilities

There are no schools located in the suburb but the school named for it, Ascot Park Primary School, is located on the western side of Marion Road in the neighbouring suburb of Park Holme. Similarly, the nearest kindergarten is the Ascot Park Kindergarten, also located on the western side of Marion Road in Park Holme.
The suburb contains two churches, on Fifth Avenue and on Wolseley Terrace; and the Ascot Park Scout Group is located on Sixth Avenue.
Ascot Park also contains a minor shopping centre that consists of a supermarket, chemist and two take-away shops on the eastern side Marion Road.
Ascot Park Post Office opened on 1 June 1918 but was renamed Park Holme North in 1966 before closing in 1985.
# Greer Robson

Greer Robson (born 16 October 1971) is a New Zealand television actress well known for her role in the television drama Shortland Street.

## Biography

Greer first came to prominence in the 1981 New Zealand film Smash Palace starring as Georgie alongside Bruno Lawrence, and starred in the 1987 film Starlight Hotel as Kate, but is most well known for her role as Nurse Joanna Jordan in Shortland Street. Since leaving the soap, Greer has guested as a celebrity on several other shows, including Celebrity Treasure Island, which she won. It was reported that Robson's win was pre-arranged and that the contestants did not pay attention to the rules. Robson later won the third season of New Zealand version of Dancing with the Stars, where she was the fifth celebrity eliminated. She was the temporary co-host of New Zealand's version of Wheel of Fortune, while regular host Sonia Gray was on maternity leave.

## Personal life

Greer is married to Scott Kirk and has two daughters, Sienna (born 2005) and Indigo (born 2006), and one son, Hudson (born 2010). Having studied both law and arts at the University of Auckland, graduating with Honours in her law degree, she later practised as a solicitor in major corporate law firms in both Auckland and Sydney.
# Good Souls: The Greatest Hits

Good Souls: The Greatest Hits is the first greatest hits album by UK indie rock band Starsailor, released on 18 September 2015. The album contains hits from between Love Is Here (2001) and All the Plans (2009) and two new tracks: "Give Up the Ghost" and "Hold On".

## Release

The album was released on 18 September 2015 and was accompanied by a UK tour.

## Personnel

* James Walsh – lead vocals, guitar
* Ben Byrne – drums
* James Stelfox – bass
* Barry Westhead – keyboards

## Charts

| Chart (2015) | Peak position |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) | 85 |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia) | 172 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 157 |
# Amanda (gastropod)

Amanda is a genus of sea slugs, specifically of aeolid nudibranchs. They are marine gastropod molluscs in the family Facelinidae.

## Species

Species in this genus include:
* Amanda armata Macnae, 1954
# Mercedes-Benz 200T

Mercedes-Benz 200T may refer to one of two automobiles:
* A variant of the Mercedes-Benz W123
* A variant of the Mercedes-Benz W124