OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arnouph Deshayes de Cambronne

Arnouph Louis Joseph Deshayes de Cambronne (or Arnould or Arnoult) (b. March 26, 1768 in Crépy-en-Valois, Oise, d. 1846) was the major adjudant of the National Guard (France) at the Château de Compiègne.

## Early life

He was christened in the church of Saint-Denis en Crépy in 1768. His grand father Alexandre Deshayes comes from Wiège-Faty and his father, Joseph-Abraham Deshayes (1728, Guise – 1795, Orrouy), both directors of insinuations of the Apanage of Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans and Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans. His mother is Cécile-Louise-Marguerite Doyen (1738–1815). He married Rosalie-Zélie de Hémant (1781–) on January 20, 1806. She was the daughter of a master of the Cour des comptes. He is the brother of Nicolas Alexandre Joseph Deshayes de Merville (1760–1816) who married Bonne Victoire Randon (1767–1824) in 1788.

## Career

He fought in 1792 next to baron Félix Le Peletier d'Aunay during the battle of Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé. They fought in the Company of Count du Comte de Laurétan to reach the Siege of Maastricht by the French revolutionary army directed by Francisco de Miranda, under the orders of Jean Thérèse de Beaumont d'Autichamp.
He was a volunteer in the Hussards of Hompesch commander by the Beaurepaire de Louvagny family in 1794, directed by the English before its settlement in Hanover in 1795. He joined the commandment of Franz-Simon Pfaff von Pfaffenhofen, Tyrol who made him an officer.
During the Bourbon Restoration, from February 15, 1815 to 1826, he became adjudant of the Château de Compiègne for the ultraroyalists. They were managed by Mathieu de Montmorency, minister of Foreign affairs (1821–1822) of the government of Joseph de Villèle and Durand Borel de Brétizel, with the agreement of the king, under the direction of the Count of Eugène François Léon de Béthune d'Hesdigneul and of Antoine Charles Louis de Lasalle.
In August 1822, he was promoted to colonel by King Louis XVIII and knight of the Order of Saint Louis. He changed his name to Deshayes, as in Deshayes de Cambronne, during the La Rochelle affair and the ennoblement of the general Pierre Cambronne. The latter was famous for his legendary word invented by Michel-Nicolas Balisson de Rougemont, quoted by Victor Hugo in Les Misérables.
He lived in the Château d'Orrouy, on the domain of Champlieu and was named adjudant major of the Château de Compiègne, with Charles de Maillé de La Tour-Landry (in French) and (Aide-de-camp) of the Comte d'Artois (future king Charles X), general colonel of the Garde Nationale, before he dismissed, in 1827. He looked strikingly similar to him.
He died in 1846, when the Gallo-Roman ruins of Champlieu (in French) within the territory of the municipality of Orrouy, were classified as historical monuments and owned by the General Council of Oise since 2007, traversed by one of the Brunehaut roads (in French).
He is the great-grand-father of Claude de Cambronne and the great-great-grand father of Laurence de Cambronne.

## Awards

* Chevalier de l'ordre royal de la Légion d'honneur in 1822
# Aulacothorax

Aulacothorax is a genus of leaf beetles in the family Chrysomelidae. There are currently 51 described species in Aulacothorax found worldwide, 40 of which are found in the Indomalayan realm. Historically considered a problematic member of the tribe Alticini (the flea beetles), the genus is now classified in its own tribe, Serraticollini.

## History of research

The genus was originally created in 1858 for a single species described from Tahiti, Aulacothorax exilis, which was placed in Scydmaenidae (now considered a subfamily of Staphylinidae). Recently, the holotype of this species was rediscovered in the collections of the Swedish Museum of Natural History, and it was found to belong to the genus Orthaltica. Aulacothorax is the earliest available name for the genus, so the genus Orthaltica was formally placed in synonymy with it in 2017.
Historically, the genus Aulacothorax (or Orthaltica) was classified as a member of the subfamily Alticinae, later re-ranked as a tribe (Alticini) of the subfamily Galerucinae, based on the presence of enlarged femora in the hind legs. Later studies determined that these enlarged femora lack the metafemoral spring, an internal structure found in the hind leg femora of flea beetles that allows them to jump, and members of Aulacothorax are incapable of jumping. A phylogenetic study by Douglas et al. (2023) suggested that Aulacothorax should be separated from Alticini and classified within its own tribe, Serraticollini.

## Selected species

* Aulacothorax arabicus (Medvedev, 1997)
* Aulacothorax australis (Konstantinov, 1995)
* Aulacothorax bakeri (Konstantinov, 1995)
* Aulacothorax borneoensis (Konstantinov, 1995)
* Aulacothorax chibi (Takizawa, 2017)
* Aulacothorax coomani (Laboissiere, 1933)
* Aulacothorax copalinus (Fabricius, 1801)
* Aulacothorax exilis Boheman, 1858
* Aulacothorax kirejtshuki (Konstantinov, 1995)
* Aulacothorax konstantinovi (Takizawa, 2017)
* Aulacothorax melinus (Horn, 1889) (poison ivy leaf beetle)
* Aulacothorax mindanaoensis (Konstantinov, 1995)
* Aulacothorax minutiusculus (Csiki, 1939)
* Aulacothorax okinawanus (Gressitt and Kimoto, 1966)
* Aulacothorax orientalis (Konstantinov, 1995)
* Aulacothorax pahangi (Konstantinov, 1995)
* Aulacothorax parkeri (B. White, 1942)
* Aulacothorax rangoonensis (Konstantinov, 1995)
* Aulacothorax rata (Takizawa, 2017)
* Aulacothorax recticollis (J. L. LeConte, 1861)
* Aulacothorax sabahcola (Takizawa, 2017)
* Aulacothorax schereri (Takizawa, 2017)
* Aulacothorax syzygium (Prathapan & Konstantinov, 2013)
* Aulacothorax terminalia (Prathapan & Konstantinov, 2013)
* Aulacothorax tuberculatus (Takizawa, 2017)
* Aulacothorax visayanensis (Konstantinov, 1995)
# Mitchell International

Mitchell International, Inc. is an American company based in San Diego, CA, which develops software used by the automotive industry to manage collision and medical claims, parts and labor estimates, and glass replacement quotes. Mitchell operates throughout the United States and Canada, and processes more than 50 million transactions a year for more than 300 insurance companies, more than 30,000 collision repair facilities, independent adjusters, and other vehicle repair participants.

## Business Units

Mitchell's business units include Auto Physical Damage Division, Auto Casualty Solutions Division, Workers' Compensation Division, and NHQ Negotiation Services Division.

## Company history

Mitchell was founded in 1946 by Glenn Mitchell when he created a parts catalog for collision repair estimating. The company was once part of Thomson Corporation (now Thomson Reuters).
In 2000, Mitchell was acquired by private equity firm Hellman & Friedman, and then in 2007 was sold to Aurora Capital Group for approximately $500 million. The company is also former subsidiary of MIH Parent Inc.
In 2013, the private equity firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts bought Mitchell from Aurora Capital for $1.1 billion. Stone Point Capital acquired Mitchell in 2018.

## Acquisitions

In February 2014, Mitchell announced plans to acquire FAIRPAY Solutions, a provider of workers' compensation, liability and billing review services. In December 2014, Mitchell announced that it had signed an agreement to acquire Cogent Works, a provider of pharmacy network management services to the automobile casualty and workers' compensation markets.
In March 2012, Mitchell announced its acquisition of National Health Quest, a provider of out-of-network medical payment negotiations and services.
# Antigua People's Party

The Antigua People's Party was a minor political party in Antigua and Barbuda. It began as a faction within the Progressive Labour Movement, an opposition party founded in 1968. This faction, called the Antigua Progressive Movement, believed that the state's political parties should be separate from the trade unions. In 1969, the faction left the PLM to campaign independently. It attracted few votes at the 1971 general election, and it soon folded into the Antigua Labour Party.
# Mário A. Perini

Mário Alberto Perini (born in 1943) is a Brazilian linguist known mainly for his work on the description of Brazilian Portuguese. He is professor emeritus at the Federal University of Minas Gerais; he has also taught at the University of Illinois and at the University of Mississippi. In 2021, Perini was elected Honorary Member of the Brazilian Linguistics Association.

## Selected works

* Gramática do Infinitivo Português (1977)
* Para uma nova gramática do português (1985)
* Sintaxe portuguesa: metodologia e funções (1989)
* Gramática descritiva do português (1995)
* Sofrendo a gramática: ensaios sobre a linguagem (1997)
* Modern Portuguese: A reference grammar (2002)
* A língua do Brasil amanhã e outros mistérios (2004)
* Princípios de linguística descritiva: introdução ao pensamento gramatical (2006)
* Estudos de gramática descritiva: as valências verbais (2008)
* Gramática do português brasileiro (2010)
* Describing verb valency: practical and theoretical issues (2015)
* Gramática descritiva do português brasileiro (2016)
* Thematic Relations: A Study in the Grammar-Cognition Interface (2019)
* Function and Class in Linguistic Description: The Taxonomic Foundations of Grammar (2021)
# Maulana Masoodi

Maulana Muhammad Syed Masoodi (27 January 1903/1905 – 13 December 1990) was an Indian Kashmiri politician belonging to the National Conference party. He functioned as the General Secretary of the party for several years. He was nominated as a member of the Constituent Assembly of India, and was also elected as a member of the Constituent Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir.
He was the General Secretary of the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference from 1934 to 1953. Masoodi wrote an anthem for the State of Kashmir.
On 13 December 1990, aged 85 or 87, Masoodi was assassinated by Kashmiri separatist terrorists.
# .45 Mars Long

The .45 Mars Long is an experimental centerfire pistol cartridge developed in the late 19th century. The similar .45 Mars Short used the same cupro-nickel-jacketed bullet in a case shortened to 0.66 inch. The bullet has two deep cannelures, and the case is crimped into both. The case mouth is chamfered on the outside to fit flush into the forward cannelure. The cartridge headspaces on this conical forward crimp. This elaborate bullet seating was necessary to withstand the violent feed mechanism of the Mars Automatic Pistol. The case has a thin rim and deep extractor groove in comparison to most rimless pistol cartridges. The Mars cartridges were publicized as the most powerful handgun cartridges through the early 20th century, but fewer than 100 pistols were made and manufacture ceased in 1907. Ballistically the cartridge falls between the .45 Super and .45 Winchester Magnum.
# 1684 in Denmark

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events from the year 1684 in Denmark.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Christian V
* Grand Chancellor – Frederik Ahlefeldt

## Events

* 7 May – Christian V issues an order that deposes Adolph Esmit and names Gabriel Milan as Governor of St. Thomas in the Danish West Indies.
* 6 November – The Engineer Regiment is founded.
Undated
* Royal Artillery Corps is founded in Copenhagen.
* Gustav Wilhelm von Wedel (1641–1717) is promoted to general in Norway.

## Births

* 23 January – Christian Rantzau, Governor-general of Norway (died 1771)
* 26 July – Peder Benzon, Supreme Court justice and landowner (died 1735)
* 30 November – Andreas Møller, portrait painter (died 1762)

## Deaths

* 9 February – Otto Pogwisch, government official (born c. 1610)
* 18 April – Nikolaj Nissen, judge and landowner (born 1627)
* 31 December – Hans Rostgaard, administrator (born 1625)
# Atwater-Donnelly

Atwater-Donnelly is an American folk music group from Rhode Island consisting of Aubrey Atwater, Elwood Donnelly, and occasionally other musicians and dancers. They have toured throughout the United States and internationally, playing guitar, banjo, Appalachian dulcimer, tin whistle, limberjack, and other instruments. In recent years, they have also performed as The Atwater-Donnelly Trio, with Cathy Clasper-Torch.
Atwater and Donnelly met as volunteers at the Stone Soup Coffeehouse in Rhode Island in early 1987, and started playing together a few months later. They specialize in traditional American folk music and Celtic folk music, but write and play their own songs as well. Their performances have been featured on All Songs Considered and Fiona Ritchie's The Thistle & Shamrock on public radio. Atwater regularly runs workshops at places like the John C. Campbell Folk School, as well as performing and teaching clogging and flat-footing dance, derived mainly from dance steps learned in Appalachia and the southeast U.S.
They were one of the earlier musical groups to be on the web, after one of their fans worked with Atwater to put a site up in 1995.
They have released 14 albums, several books of poetry, and three songbooks.
Atwater was selected to serve as Artist-in-residence at the Grand Canyon National Park in May–June 2011.

## Albums
### Atwater-Donnelly

* Labor and Love (1988)
* Culled from the Garden (1991)
* Like the Willow Tree (1994)
* Where the Wild Birds Do Whistle (1997)
* And Then I'm Going Home: Atwater-Donnelly Live (2001)
* The Blackest Crow (2004)
* When Winter Calls (2005)
* The Halfway Ground (2007) (with Cathy Clasper-Torch, Heidi Cerrigione, John Cerrigione, Uriah Donnelly, and Kevin Doyle)
* The Weaver's Bonny (2009) (with Cathy Clasper-Torch, John and Heidi Cerrigione, Uriah Donnelly, and Kevin Doyle)
* Each Other's Story (2011) (with Cathy Clasper-Torch, John and Heidi Cerrigione, Kevin Doyle, Paul Dube, Morgan Santos, and Alex Krepkikh)
* The World Is Old Tonight (2016) (with Cathy Clasper-Torch, John Cerrigione, Uriah Donnelly, Kevin Doyle, and Torrin Ryan)
* The Boat You Row (2022) (with Cathy Clasper-Torch, Erin Lobb Mason, and Torrin Ryan)

### Atwater solo

* Simple Sentences (1992)
* Daily Growing: Aubrey Atwater Live in the Classroom (1999)

### DVD

* Going Up Home: The Passion of Atwater-Donnelly (2007)
** This documentary was written and directed by Aubrey and Elwood's youngest son, Uriah. It explores their biographies and shows their effect on others.
# Gwladys F. Hughes

Gwladys F. Hughes Simon (May 26, 1907 – March 15, 1996) was an American educator and folklorist employed by the United States Department of State for much of her career. She worked in Japan after World War II, educating the children of American military and civilian personnel in the United States Occupational Forces. She collected folktales and riddles while teaching in Sri Lanka and Micronesia in the 1950s.

## Early life and education

Hughes was from Danville, Pennsylvania, the daughter of John R. Hughes and Flora Emma Rockafeller Hughes. Her father was born in Wales. She graduated from Danville High School and Goucher College, and was a member of Kappa Kappa Gamma. She earned a master's degree in biology at Cornell University. She made further studies at the University of Arizona, between overseas assignments in 1958.

## Career

Hughes was a hospital recreation worker with the American Red Cross in France during World War II. She taught in Hawaii from 1945 to 1947, then went to Tokyo to work as a teacher in the United States Occupation Forces there. In 1949 she was Women's Affairs Officer and chief of the Civil Education Section of the U. S. Civil Affairs Committee, based in Nagasaki.
Hughes lived in Kundasale, Sri Lanka from 1951 to 1953, working as superintendent of an agricultural school for girls, on a grant from the United States. In the mid-1950s, she spoke to Pennsylvania community groups about her experiences in Ceylon. From 1957 to 1958, she was based in the Yap district in Micronesia, training teachers. "I find that folklore projects help me to establish rapport with local people where I am working, and it helps to get conflicting interests and individuals working together," she explained in a 1958 interview.
In the 1960s, she taught high school and adult education courses in Barstow, California.

## Publications

Hughes published her research in academic journals including Journal of American Folklore, Western Folklore, and Asian Folklore Studies.
* "Folk Beliefs and Customs in an Hawaiian Community" (1949)
* Rhymes Sung by Japanese Children" (1951)
* "The Enkiri Enoki (Divorce Nettle Tree)" (1951)
* "Folk Beliefs from Hawaii" (1952)
* "Five Tamil Riddles" (1952)
* "Sinhalese Riddles" (1952)
* "Some Japanese Beliefs and Home Remedies" (1952)
* "A Handful of Japanese Proverbs" (1953)
* "Japanese Riddles" (1953)
* "Tongue-Twister Sentences" (1953)
* "Beliefs and Customs Reported by Students at Tokyo American School" (1953)
* "Riddles from Ceylon" (1955)
* "Proverbs from Ceylon about Animals" (1956, with S. A. Wijayatilake)
* "More Riddles from Ceylon" (1957)
* "Jankenpoi in Hawaii" (1959)
* "Riddles from Hawaii" (1959)
* "Beliefs Common in Ceylon" (1960)
* "The 'Lucky Impostor' in Ceylon" (1970)
* "A Collection of Yapese Riddles" (1977)

## Personal life

Hughes married Elmore E. Simon in Hawaii in 1950. They divorced in 1953. She died in 1996, at the age of 88, in San Bernardino, California.
# All People's Party (UK)

The All People's Party (APP) was a political party established in the United Kingdom in 2013. When it was founded it had two sitting councillors in the London Borough of Southwark: Althea Smith had formerly been a member of the Labour Party. In the Southwark London Borough Council election, 2014 the APP stood 15 candidates. However, despite gaining 2,828 votes, they failed to get any councillors elected.
The party was established owing to concerns that insufficient participants from ethnic minorities were given leadership roles by the main parties. Their motto is ‘Celebrate diverse people at the top, not just diversity’.
Prem Goyal, the founder of the APP, claimed "the 45 per cent talented minority population in Southwark, which generates 70 per cent of the Labour votes, get only 10 per cent representation at the top decision-making table." This, he stated, translated economically as "for every £1 these hard-working, talented people contribute to Labour, they are only given 13p back."
In the 2015 United Kingdom general election the party stood two candidates in the Southwark constituencies, however failed to gain a substantial number of votes: 826 for Prem Goyal, Camberwell and Peckham and 59 for Dan Cole, Bermondsey and Old Southwark. Goyal had previously been the vice-chair of Bermondsey and Old Southwark Labour Party and only started the APP after he lost the election to become the Labour Party candidate for the constituency.
In March 2017, Prem Goyal stood for election in the City of London in the Court of Common Council elections in Bishopsgate Ward as an Independent candidate and was elected on 23 March 2017.
In December 2017, Goyal stood and won again as an independent candidate in an Aldermanic by-election in Portsoken Ward of the city.
The All People's Party was entered on the Electoral Commission's Register of Political Parties from August 2013 to April 2020.
# Aulacosphinctoides

Aulacosphinctoides is an extinct ammonoid cephalopod that lived during the Late Jurassic (Late Kimmeridgian to early Tithonian), included in the ammonitid family Perisphinctidae.
The shell of Aulacosphinctoides is evolute, whorls broadly rounded, ribs sigmoid that mostly bifurcate, but often trifurcate, Lappets present. Closely resembles Torquantisphinctes, differing in having more rounded or depressed whorls and more sigmoid and frequently triplicate ribbing.
The genus Aulacosphinctoides has been found in Somalia, northern India, Japan, Argentina, Mexico, New Zealand, and Madagascar.
# Antichloris affinis

Antichloris affinis is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Walter Rothschild in 1912. It was described from Tefé in the Amazon basin.
# Başalan, Bozdoğan

Başalan is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bozdoğan, Aydın Province, Turkey. Its population is 852 (2022).
# Gradac, Brus

Gradac (Serbian Cyrillic: Градац) is a village in the municipality of Brus, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 134 people.
# Baha Al-Dowleh Razi

Baha Al-Dowleh Razi was an Iranian physician who lived in the 9th century. He was one of the greatest Iranian traditional medicine practitioners. He was likely born in Tehran, where he also completed his medical studies with his father.

## Innovation

Razi discovered many innovations in the field of detecting diseases such as whooping cough and syphilis. In Razi's writings, as was common with other Persian physicians, the disease syphilis is referred to as atashak. He also gave an early description of epithelial tuft cells and their possible role in the immune system and allergies. He implemented an early form of smallpox vaccination. He is the main source for a c. 977 paper Imad al-Shirazi. He used his father's techniques and followed him in Sufism and the elders of the way of life of the late 'King Hussein', entering Herat Afzal Nasir al-Din al-Kirmani monastery.

## Kholaseh Al-Tajarob

His short book "Kholaseh Al-tajarob" was one of the most respected authorities in the 'Safavieh' era of medicine. Doctors studied his father and other physicians such as, Hippocrates, Galen, bin Razi, Ibn Sina, SE Jorjani and an ophthalmologist named Amira.
Although the extent of topics and eloquently expressed Al-tajarob summary 'Kharazmshahi' not to save, the better it is based on personal experience and innovation.

## Death

Baha Al-Dowleh died, according to the death of 'King Hussein Bayghara', circa year 915.
# Anama

Anama may refer to:

## Places

* Anama, New Zealand, a sparsely populated locality in the Canterbury region of the South Island
* Anama, South Australia, a locality and historic pastoral run in the Mid North region
* Anamã, a municipality in the Brazilian state of Amazonas
* Anamoq also known as Anama, a village in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Krabozavodskoye, a village formerly known as Anama on the island of Shikotan in the Kuril Islands

## Other uses

* Anama (beetle), a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae
* ANAMA, the Azerbaijan National Agency for Mine Action
* AnamA, a Brazilian metal band
# 1684 in China

Events from the year 1684 in China.

## Incumbents

* Kangxi Emperor (23rd year)

## Events

* The Kangxi Emperor lifts the haijin prohibition on sea trade, allowing foreigners to enter Chinese ports in 1684
* The amount of copper in the alloys if cash coins was reduced from 70% to 60% all while the standard weight was lowered to 1 qián again, while the central government's mints in Beijing started producing cash coins with a weight of 0.7 qián.
* The first mention of chili peppers in local gazettes in Hunan. They would later become a staple of Hunanese cuisine.
* Sino-Russian border conflicts

## Deaths

* Yinju (胤䄔; 13 September 1683 – 17 July 1684), 19th son of Kangxi, born through an unnamed Noble Lady, of the Gorolo clan (貴人 郭絡羅氏)
* Mu'an (Chinese: 木庵性瑫; pinyin: Mù'ān Xìngtāo; Japanese Mokuan Shōtō) (1611–1684) a Chinese Chan monk who followed his master Yinyuan Longqi to Japan in 1654
# Alan Harding

Alan Harding (born 14 May 1948) is an English former professional footballer who scored 83 goals from 422 appearances in the Football League playing for Darlington, Lincoln City and Hartlepool United. He played as a striker or on the left wing.

## Life and career

Harding was born in Sunderland, which was then in County Durham. He played non-league football for Spennymoor United before joining Darlington in 1969. He scored 37 goals from 129 league appearances over four years for Darlington, then joined Lincoln City in March 1973 for £7,000 plus midfielder Frank McMahon. He spent six years with Lincoln, and was part of the team that won the Fourth Division title in 1975–76. In 1979, he signed for Hartlepool United for £4,000, and spent four years with the club before moving into non-league football in his native north-east of England with Newcastle Blue Star and Ryhope Colliery Welfare.