OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alexander Todorsky

Alexander Ivanovich Todorsky (8 September 1894 – 27 August 1965) was a Soviet general and komkor (corps commander). He fought for the Imperial Russian Army in World War I before going over to the Bolsheviks in the subsequent Civil War.

## Biography

With the outbreak of the First World War, he volunteered for the army. He rose to the rank of captain. After the February Revolution, he was elected chairman of the regimental committee, and from November 1917 as the commander of the 5th Siberian Army Corps.
In October 1920, he fought against the rebels in Dagestan and in 1923, Todorsky was sent to Turkestan to fight the Basmachi at the head of the 13th Rifle Corps. In 1927, he was a graduate of the Frunze Military Academy.
Between 1934 and 1936, he was the head of the Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy and between 1936 and 1938, of the Directorate of Higher Military Educational Institutions of the Red Army. In the summer of 1937, his wife was arrested [on what charges?], then his brother Ivan, and both were shot in the same year. At the beginning of September 1938, Todorsky was also arrested [on what charges?] and, as he did not admit his guilt and did not give the necessary evidence [what specifically?], was locked up for 15 years in labor camps. Having fully served his prison term, he was sent into exile in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, where he arrived on June 3, 1953. On April 11, 1955, Todorsky was summoned to Krasnoyarsk, where he was handed a certificate of rehabilitation, after which he immediately flew to Moscow. After complete rehabilitation, he was reinstated in the Soviet army, and in 1955 he retired with the rank of lieutenant general at the age of 61.
In the summer of 1956, he worked in the so-called Shvernik Commission and carried out the release and rehabilitation of Gulag prisoners, in particular from Kazakhstan.
He was a recipient of the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of the Red Star. He is buried at Novodevichy Cemetery.
# Mdloti River

The Mdloti River or uMdloti River flows in the KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa.
The mouth of the Mdloti River is situated in eMdloti (part of eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality). The name Mdloti is the Zulu word for a species of wild tobacco that grows here.
# Gmina Serokomla

Gmina Serokomla is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Łuków County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Serokomla, which lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Łuków and 53 km (33 mi) north of the regional capital Lublin.
The gmina covers an area of 77.23 square kilometres (29.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,157.

## Villages

Gmina Serokomla contains the villages and settlements of Bielany Duże, Bronisławów Duży, Bronisławów Mały, Charlejów, Czarna, Ernestynów, Hordzież, Józefów Duży, Krzówka, Leonardów, Nowa Ruda, Pieńki, Poznań, Ruda, Serokomla, Wola Bukowska and Wólka.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Serokomla is bordered by the gminas of Adamów, Jeziorzany, Kock and Wojcieszków.
# Arimunding-Munding

Arimunding-Munding is a film by Excelsior Pictures, starring José Padilla, Jr. and Carmen Rosales. It was made in 1938 and premiered in 1939.
# Aníbal de Mar

Aníbal de Mar (born Evaristo Simón Domínguez, October 26, 1918 – February 22, 1980) was a Cuban actor who played the character of El Tremendo Juez in the radio show La Tremenda Corte (1942) that even nowadays is still broadcast by several latinoamerican radio stations, forming a funny duo with Leopoldo Fernández (Tres Patines), with whom he joined to make the musical-comedy duo of Pototo and Filomeno.

## Biography

Anibal de Mar was born in Yateras Guantanamo province, to the east of Cuba Island. He started his artistic career in 1934 working at all the theaters on the island. He had the ability to embody many characters at the same time accomplishing a show in Santiago de Cuba with Don Pancracio and Felipitos's characters (playing father and son) it was brought to TV in later years in the movie Una Aventura Peligrosa (A dangerous Adventure) (1939) He did two episodes as the Chinese detective Chan Li Po whose author was Félix B. Caignet, also the author of the radionovela El Derecho de Nacer (The right to Be Born) (1948), and it was one of the first big radio hits in Cuba playing the Chinese detective.
He made the first movie with audio filmed in Cuba as Chan Li Po called "La Serpiente Roja" (The Red Snake) in 1937, with supporting actress Pituka de Foronda and actor Carlos Badias and directed by Ernesto Caparros. Among other films he participated on were "Romance Musical" with the contribution of great actor Otto Sirgo, Rosita Fornés and the great actress Enriqueta Sierra, Elsa Valladares, Olga Chorens, Normita Suarez y Rita Montaner, "Hitler soy yo" (Hitler is me) with Adolfo Otero and Julito Diaz, following with "Musica, Mujeres y Piratas" (Music, Women and Pirates) "hotel de Muchachas" (Lady's Hotel) and "Ole!...Cuba"
In 1947 he dubbed into Spanish the Chinese character in "El Pequeño Mr. Jim" in the Metro Goldwyn Mayer in New York city in the United States. He worked in radio stations as CMKD, CMKC, in Santiago de Cuba and in CMQ, COCO, RHC in La Habana.
He died on February 22, 1980, in Miami, Florida, United States.
# HMLA-469

Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron 469 (HMLA-469) was a United States Marine Corps helicopter squadron consisting of AH-1 SuperCobra and AH-1Z Viper attack helicopters and UH-1Y Venom utility helicopters. The squadron was last headquartered at Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton in Southern California and fell under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 39 (MAG-39) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW). The squadron was commissioned on 30 June 2009 and decommissioned on 16 December 2022.

## Mission

The mission of the HMLA is to support the Marine Air-Ground Task Force Commander by providing offensive air support, utility support, armed escort and airborne supporting arms coordination, day or night under all weather conditions during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.

## History

On 29 October 2009 a US Coast Guard HC-130 aircraft with seven crewmembers collided with an HMLA-469 AH-1 Cobra helicopter with two crewmembers 15 mi (24 km) east of San Clemente Island. Both aircraft crashed into the Pacific Ocean and all nine crewmembers in both aircraft were killed. The Coast Guard's HC-130 was searching for a missing boater while the Marine Corps' helicopter was heading towards a military training area in company with another Cobra and two CH-53E Super Stallions from Marine Corps Air Station Miramar.
# Fedamore

Fedamore (Irish: Feadaimir) is a small village in County Limerick, Ireland. As of the 2016 census, Fedamore had a population of 329 people. It is also a civil parish in the ancient barony of Smallcounty.

## Location

Fedamore is in east County Limerick 13 km (8 mi) south of the centre of Limerick city. Nearby villages include Crecora, Manister, Croom, Ballyneety and Meanus. The village is just off the R511 road, on a small hill roughly 90 metres in height. Fedamore is in the Limerick County Dáil Éireann constituency and in the Adare/Rathkeale local election constituency.

## History

The name Fedamore comes from the Irish Fiadh Damair or Feadaimir, meaning "the wood of Damar", referring to a local Gaelic chieftain. Fairs were held in Fedamore on 5 May and on 9 October. Castles were located at Englishtown, Rockstown and Williamstown and the latter two have ruins still intact. There are remains of an abbey in Friarstown in a field which marks the border between Fedamore and Donoughmore parishes. At Fanningstown and Rockstown, there are old disused graveyards. St. Patrick's well is located at Kilpeacon which is in Fedamore parish although in reality is located far closer to Crecora village. An old well called St. John's well seems to have been lost, as has the mass rock at Rockstown. The present day church was built in 1830.

## Amenities

Fedamore has a church, two national schools (at Fedamore and Carnane), one pub, a community hall, a Gaelic Athletic Association field and four housing estates: Cluain Ard, Castlequarter Heights, Ballyea Close and Clohessy Park. Local organisations include a hall committee, Muintir na Tíre, and ICA guild, a pastoral council and a community alert scheme.

## Sports

Fedamore GAA, the local Gaelic Athletic Association club, is primarily involved in hurling and has a pitch in Boolavoord. The club won two Limerick Senior Hurling Championships in 1912 and 1927. Fedamore inter-county hurler Paddy Clohessy won All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championships in 1934, 1936 and 1940. The club now competes at Junior A level, while at underage they combine with neighbouring clubs to field teams. Gaelic football is played at Junior B level and Fedamore reached the county final in 2013, but were beaten by Feenagh/Kilmeedy.
Association football (soccer) is also played in the parish and the local team, Castle Rovers, play in Williamstown and compete in Division 2A in the Limerick & District Junior Soccer League. Fedamore Villa is the over-40s soccer side.
Other sports groups in the parish include the Fedamore & District Gun Club, Fedamore Coursing Club, the Fedamore Powerlifting Club and the Fedamore Foot Beagles. Darts tournaments are also held in The Ranch bar.
# 10th Army Corps (Republic of China)

The 10th Army Corps is one of the major formations of the Republic of China Army and is tasked with defending central Taiwan.

## History

The Central Taiwan Defense Command was formed in 1950 in Kaohsiung, southern Taiwan, and became the 2nd Army Corps in 1954. In 1972 the corps was moved to Taichung in central Taiwan. In January 1976 it was renamed the 5th Army Corps and in August of the same year it became the 10th Army Corps.
In 2021 it was announced that the corps will become part of the 5th Combat Theater Command.

## Organization

The 10th Army Corps Headquarters was renamed the 10th Army Corps Command in 2006.
The structure of the corps is as follows:
* 234th Mechanized Infantry Brigade
* 586th Armored Brigade
* 58th Artillery Command
* 52nd Engineer Group
* 36th Chemical Warfare Group
* 74th Signals Group
# Alexander Macomb

Alexander Macomb may refer to:
* Alexander Macomb (merchant) (1748–1831), American merchant and land speculator
* Alexander Macomb (general) (1782–1841), Commanding General of the US Army, 1828–1841
* SS Alexander Macomb, a World War II liberty ship
# Alan Bernard (disambiguation)

Alan Bernard (1934–2011) was an American audio engineer.
Alan Bernard may also refer to:
* Alan Bernard, a character in Village of the Damned (1960 film)
* Alan Bernard, a character in Homeland (TV series)
# Addis's Single Rail Tramway

The Addis's Single Rail Tramway was a patented monorail system invented in 1869 by William Judson Addis.

## History

William Judson Addis from Thane (previously Tanna) in India invented, patented and developed a tramway with a single rail, on which a bullock cart ran with two double flanged wheels, which could take all, or nearly all, the weight, and two ordinary stabilising wheels, which served to prevent over-turning. A cart, loaded with three tons, could easily be drawn by two bullocks.
Addis was granted his first patent in 1869, and in 1870 a further patent was granted concerning improvements to the track system. The investment cost for sleepers and rails was less than 50 % of an ordinary narrow gauge railway.
The monorails were laid at the sides of an existing road, one for up traffic and the other for down traffic, leaving the centre part of the road for ordinary traffic. The rails protruded only 1½-2 inches (40-50 mm) above the surface of the road to limit the interferences with the ordinary road traffic. The cost of tramway was claimed ed to be Rs 4000-5000 per mile.
For demonstrating the advantages, Mr. Addis has laid down a length of rail in the grounds of his ironworks at Thane, upon which he has placed two carts or wagons specially constructed by him for the tramway. A portion of the rail was laid at an incline of 1 in 40, and another portion, on level ground, described a 10 ft (3 m) radius curve. This experimental line has been visited by many government officials and others, who have seen with satisfaction the ease with which a pair of bullocks drew three tons along the tramway.
The flanged centre wheels were attached to a screw, by which the framework of the cart could be raised, so that on level ground the ordinary side wheels were set to be 1-2 inch (25-50 mm) above the surface of the road, and the entire weight of the burden rested on the rail. The side wheels touched the ground only occasionally, but the main weight was borne by the centre wheels, resulting in very low friction. In some experiments, a large log of wood was placed on the ground, over which one of the side wheels would pass without derailing. When a small hole was dug in the line of a side wheel, this could also be passed without an accident.
A line was laid between Kalyan and Kalyan Bunder over a distance of 1¼ mile (2 km) to transport salt. A 3½ miles (5,6 km) long double line was planned to be built between Mhyjee station of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway (GIPR) and the Mhyjee fair ground, also known as Maheji or Chinchkhed.
# Andrew Walker (politician)

Andrew Walker (1855 – 10 July 1934) was a New Zealand politician of the United Labour Party and then the Labour Party from Dunedin.

## Early life

Walker was born in North Berwick, Scotland in 1855. He came to New Zealand in 1860. He attended school in Dunedin's Union Street, where Robert Stout was one of his teachers. He left school aged 14 to learn the trade of printing at the Evening Star. He became a prominent union leader. Walker made a name for himself serving as the secretary of the Otago Typographical Union where he acted as a mentor to younger members such as Ken Baxter, leaving them with lasting commitments to the labour movement. He was also a Baptist dean and treasurer of Hanover Street Baptist Church.

## Political career

He represented the Dunedin North electorate in Parliament from 1914 to 1919, when he was defeated by an Independent Labour candidate Edward Kellett. Walker was a protégé of Labour movement organizer Tom Paul, who did not contest a seat himself in the election, as he sat on the Legislative council, but must have felt vindicated after Walker's success.
In 1914 he won election, with Alfred Hindmarsh and Bill Veitch as the remnant of the United Labour Party, and in 1916 the remnant and the Social Democratic Party combined to form the Labour Party (NZLP).
Walker drew up the 1916 constitution and was the first secretary of the Labour Party caucus. He was the President of the NZLP but resigned in 1917 over the State Control issue, as he was a staunch prohibitionist. Between 1916 and 1919 he served as the Labour Party's whip. At the 1919 election, Walker was opposed by an "Independent" Labour candidate, Edward Kellett, for Dunedin North in a straight contest and Walker was defeated.

## Later life

Walker retired to Wellington where some of his family lived. For some years, he lived in Fairview Crescent in Kelburn. For his last two years, he lived at 13 Melling Road in Lower Hutt with his daughter and son-in-law. He died at the Lower Hutt residence on 10 July 1934. and was buried at Taita Cemetery. He was survived by his wife and two daughters; another daughter had died in 1919.
# Gurjão (surname)

Gurjão is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bergson Gurjão Farias [pt] (1947–1972), Brazilian activist and Communist guerrilla; disappeared
* Hilário Maximiniano Antunes Gurjão (1820–1869), Brazilian Army general
* José Onofre Gurjão [pt], Brazilian economist and educator
* Oscar Luiz Ribeiro Gurjão Cotrim [pt] (1923–2010), Brazilian physician and politician
* Rafael Fernandes Gurjão [pt] (1891–1952), Brazilian politician
# Aqua: The Video Collection

Aqua: The Video Collection is a video album/documentary film by the Danish-Norwegian dance-pop group, Aqua, released in 2000. It includes all of the band's videos from the period 1996–2000 and most of the videos made for the singles from their first two studio albums.

## Track listing

* "Roses Are Red"
* "Barbie Girl"
* "Doctor Jones"
* "Lollipop"
* "My Oh My"
* "Turn Back Time"
* "Good Morning Sunshine"
* "Cartoon Heroes"
* "Around the World"
* "Bumble Bees"
* Behind the Scenes
* Karaoke
* Photo gallery

## Personnel

* Lene Nystrom Rasted – female vocals
* Rene Dif – male vocals
* Søren Rasted – keyboard, guitar
* Claus Norreen – keyboard
# Graph sandwich problem

In graph theory and computer science, the graph sandwich problem is a problem of finding a graph that belongs to a particular family of graphs and is "sandwiched" between two other graphs, one of which must be a subgraph and the other of which must be a supergraph of the desired graph.
Graph sandwich problems generalize the problem of testing whether a given graph belongs to a family of graphs, and have attracted attention because of their applications and as a natural generalization of recognition problems.

## Problem statement

More precisely, given a vertex set V, a mandatory edge set E$^1$, and a larger edge set E$^2$, a graph G = (V, E) is called a sandwich graph for the pair G$^1$ = (V, E$^1$), G$^2$ = (V, E$^2$) if E$^1$ ⊆ E ⊆ E$^2$. The graph sandwich problem for property Π is defined as follows:
    Graph Sandwich Problem for Property Π:
    Instance: Vertex set V and edge sets E$^1$ ⊆ E$^2$ ⊆ V × V.
    Question: Is there a graph G = (V, E) such that E$^1$ ⊆ E ⊆ E$^2$ and G satisfies property Π ?
The recognition problem for a class of graphs (those satisfying a property Π) is equivalent to the particular graph sandwich problem where E$^1$ = E$^2$, that is, the optional edge set is empty.

## Computational complexity

The graph sandwich problem is NP-complete when Π is the property of being a chordal graph, comparability graph, permutation graph, chordal bipartite graph, or chain graph. It can be solved in polynomial time for split graphs, threshold graphs, and graphs in which every five vertices contain at most one four-vertex induced path. The complexity status has also been settled for the H-free graph sandwich problems for each of the four-vertex graphs H.
# HD 163376

HD 163376 is a single star in the southern constellation of Scorpius. It has a ruddy hue and is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.88. The distance to this star, as determined using parallax measurements, is approximately 450 light years. It is drifting further from the Sun with a radial velocity of about 4 km/s. The absolute magnitude of this star is −0.82.
This object is an aging red giant star with a stellar classification of M0 III, having exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core then cooled and expanded. At present it has a radius around 61 times the radius of the Sun. It is a suspected variable star of unknown type, with a brightness that has been measured ranging from 4.94 down to 4.98. The star is radiating 832 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,972 K.
# Fedara

Fedara is a small village near Dholera in Ahmedabad district in Indian state of Gujarat.
Gujarat government has proposed a new International Airport for Ahmedabad city. The proposed international airport has been strategically located near the planned 335 million USD Port-cum-SEZ project of the Adani Group spread over 30,000 hectares at Dholera.
# Aminoshikimate pathway

The Aminoshikimate pathway is a biochemical pathway present in some plants, which has been studied by biologists, biochemists and especially those interested in manufacture of novel antibiotic drugs. The pathway is a novel variation of the shikimate pathway. The aminoshikimate pathway was first discovered and studied in the rifamycin B producer Amycolatopsis mediterranei. Its end product, 3-amino-5-hydroxybenzoate, serves as an initiator for polyketide synthases in the biosynthesis of ansamycins.

## Overview

Floss and coworkers identified the gene cluster associated with the aminoshikimate pathway in Amycolatopsis mediterranei. The enzyme-catalyzed condensation of 1-deoxy-1-imino-D-erythrose 4-phosphate with phosphoenolpyruvate to form 4-amino-3,4-dideoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonic acid 7-phosphate has been proposed to be the first committed step in the aminoshikimate pathway. Guo and Frost demonstrated that the unusual metabolite, 1-deoxy-1-imino-D-erythrose 4-phosphate, is derived from 3-amino-3-deoxy-D-fructose 6-phosphate. In addition, kanosamine biosynthesis has been directly implicated by Guo and Frost as the source of the aminoshikimate pathway's nitrogen atom.

## Uses

Aminoshikimate pathway has been assembled in E. coli to synthesize aminoshikimic acid, which is a promising starting material for the synthesis of anti-influenza agent oseltamivir (brand name Tamiflu).
# Greek declension

Greek declension may refer to:
* Declensions in Ancient Greek grammar
* Declensions in Modern Greek grammar
# Andres Nuiamäe

Andres Nuiamäe (2 June 1982 in Lehtse, Lääne-Viru County, Estonia – 28 February 2004 in Iraq) was a Junior Sergeant of the Estonian Ground Forces, assigned to the ESTPLA-8 unit in Baghdad, Iraq.

## Biography

Andres Nuiamäe was 21 years when he was killed, while fighting with coalition forces in Baghdad, in the line of duty by an improvised explosive device at 20:55 local time. He holds the distinction of being the first Estonian soldier serving in an independent Estonian army to be killed in combat since 1920, and the first Estonian soldier to be killed in the Iraq War.
Nuiamäe's death shocked the population of Estonia and sparked a debate amongst the country's citizens on whether Estonia should continue to keep troops stationed in Iraq. However, the Estonian government held firm in its stance to remain part of the "Coalition of the Willing". In a prepared statement released shortly after Andres Nuiamäe's death, Estonian Prime Minister Juhan Parts said:
"This is an extremely painful reminder that the situation in Iraq has not yet stabilized and that joint efforts for peace by the coalition forces are well founded."
Following Nuiamäe's funeral, the President of Estonia, Arnold Rüütel, released the following statement on 29 February 2004:
"I express profound sympathy and condolences to the family, loved ones and fellow servicemen of Andres Nuiamäe. The death of this brave young man in Iraq is an irretrievable loss to both his family and the whole of Estonia. At this sad moment, let us all think about duty, sense of responsibility, mission and the price of ensuring it. Estonia is mourning."
On 26 October 2004, Estonia suffered its second Iraqi War casualty when 28-year-old First Sergeant Arre Illenzeer was similarly killed by explosives.
# Gurjão

Gurjão is a municipality in the state of Paraíba in the Northeast Region of Brazil.