OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Le Livre de la mutation de fortune

Le Livre de la mutation de fortune is a 1403 poem by Christine de Pizan. It is a universal history that tells the story of how Fortune has affected events. The frame narrative describes the process of the narrator's "transformation into a man" following the death of their husband, a metaphor used by the author expressing her adoption of the traditionally male social role of a court writer.

## Background

Christine de Pizan's husband, Étienne du Castel, died in 1389, leaving her to support her mother and her children as a court writer. Her work emphasizes how learning comforted her after his death.

## Description

Christine de Pizan completed this poem of 23,636 verses in 1403. The narrator of the text explains how they became a man after the death of their husband to become a writer, an occupation considered masculine.
The narrator asserts their male identity, making the text an early account of transgender representation in French medieval literature:
       Vous diray qui je suis
       Qui de femelle devint masle
       Par fortune qu'ainsi le voult
       Si me mua et corps et voult
       En homme naturel parfaict :
       Et jadis fut femme de fait
       Homme suis je ne mens pas,
Before addressing the subject of their transformation, the narrator cites two other cases of women being transformed into men: Tiresias and Yplis (the Roman poet Ovid's Iphis).
The author and the narrator share the same name: Christine. The text lists the successive transformations made by the character of Fortune. The narrator indicates that they were transformed into a man by Fortune after their husband died in a shipwreck when they were 25 years old and already a mother. They assert that 13 years later, they are and remain a man. Their poem is therefore an early account of gender transition.
Fortune performed the metamorphosis by touching every part of the narrator's body, until they completely became a man. They also claim to be in every way like their father, resembling him, except for their gender assigned at birth. This transformation of the narrator, contrary to the metamorphosis described in L'Ovide moralisé, takes place from the outside, the appearance of the narrator becoming conform to their inner male soul.
The narrator indicates that they use metaphors in their story, which they think does not exclude the truth.
In the explanatory comments inserted between sections of the text, the writer indicates that the narrator is "a person", and that the text tells how they served Fortune and conducted themself. The narrator indicates that they were assigned female at birth: "fus nee fille, sanz fable".

## Posterity

Some of the miniatures in the book inspired works from Robinet Testard and Jean Pichore who worked for Louise of Savoy, among them the face of the goddess or the horizontal wheel.
# American College of Trial Lawyers

The American College of Trial Lawyers (ACTL) is a professional association of trial lawyers from the United States and Canada. Founded in 1950, the College is dedicated to maintaining and improving the standards of trial practice, especially trial advocacy, the administration of justice and the ethics of the profession. Through its Board of Regents, its general committees, and its state and province committees, the College engages in a wide variety of activities to further those purposes. The College also awards the Medal for Excellence in Advocacy on a yearly basis, as well as the awards are presented at various events or competitions judged by members of the College.

## Foundation

The Foundation of the American College of Trial Lawyers (ACTL Foundation), established in 1965, and the Canadian Foundation of the American College of Trial Lawyers, established in 2010, are non-profit organizations founded to advance the initiatives and objectives of the College. The Foundation strives to improve the standards of trial and appellate advocacy, the ethics of the profession, and the administration of justice.

## Publications

The College publishes the Codes of Conduct, papers, reports, and other items that contribute to the administration of justice and the profession. Reports may range from brief analyses of proposed amendments to the federal rules to a book-length manual on complex tort litigation.
The College publishes a series of lectures from distinguished speakers who presented at previous meetings of the College in honor of Lewis F. Powell, Jr., the twentieth President of the College and the ninety-ninth Justice to sit on the Supreme Court of the United States.
# Maytree

Maytree may refer to:
* May pole
* Crataegus commonly called hawthorn, or hawberry
* Maytree (organisation) respite centre, located in the London Borough of Islington, England,
* Maytree (band), Korean band
* Maytree Travel
# Exosite (company)

Exosite is an Internet of Things (IoT) software as a service company that develops software for companies that view and analyze data collected from sensors built into physical objects. It is headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota with an additional office in Taiwan. Hans Rempel, Troy Kopischke and Danny Cunagin founded the company in 2009 and Rempel is Exosite's chief executive officer. The company held a $2 million series A funding round in 2012.
In 2014, the company partnered with Texas Instruments to offer its cloud-based IoT platform on Texas Instruments' LaunchPad series microcontrollers.
In May 2019, Exosite announced a collaboration with Sigfox, a global communications service provider, to launch Sigfox Service, an integration between the Sigfox backend and Exosite's Murano IoT software platform.
# Lightning Creek

Lightning Creek may refer to:
* Lightning Creek (British Columbia)
* Lightning Creek (Oklahoma)
* Lightning Creek (South Dakota)
* Lightning Creek (Wyoming)
# All-events test

The all-events test, under U.S. federal income tax law, is the requirement that all the events fixing an accrual-method taxpayer's right to receive income or incur expense must occur before the taxpayer can report an item of income or expense.

## Application

Under an accrual method of accounting, income is includible in gross income in the taxable year in which the all-events test is met. The all events test is two-pronged concerning the recognition of income, three-pronged when dealing with deductions. It is met when (1) the right to income is fixed (recognition of income) or all events have occurred which establish the fact of liability (deduction), and (2) the amount thereof can be determined with reasonable accuracy. The third prong which is applicable when dealing with an accrual method taxpayer's right to a deduction is (3) economic performance has occurred with respect to the liability. Exceptions apply to certain recurring items.
Certain other exceptions apply to the all-events test: 1. Taxpayers are put on cash method of accounting in those instances where payment precedes performance or due date of an obligation. This is called the earlier of test. This violates traditional accrual method recognition of income and is an exception to the all-events test because the right to income is not yet fixed. The taxpayer has not yet performed services allowing for the collection of income but through Revenue Ruling the IRS has determined that recognition of income is proper because cash is in hand. 2. Doubt as to Collectibility. This is not a true exception to the all-events test but a clarification. If at the time of sale there was no doubt as to the collectibility of income, doubt that arises subsequent to the time when all events have occurred that fix the right to receipt do not change the fact that all events indeed did occur.
# Margaret Ramsay-Hale

Margaret Ramsay-Hale is a Jamaican lawyer and judge. She is currently serving as a justice of the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands, a position that she has held since 13 January 2020. Ramsay-Hale was previously the first female puisne judge and the first female chief justice of the Supreme Court of the Turks and Caicos Islands.

## Early life

Ramsay-Hale was born in Kingston, Jamaica. She is the daughter of Ian Ramsay, the first Jamaican lawyer to be appointed as a Queen's Counsel, and Rosa Ramsay. She moved to England to study for her A-Levels in 1977. She received a bachelors of science degree in economics from the London School of Economics in 1981. She began studying law at the University of the West Indies in September 1986 and attended the Norman Manley Law School. While she was studying at law school, Ramsay-Hale worked as a model, including in runway shows choreographed by Bert Rose.
She was called to the bar in October 1991 and began her career practicing privately in the chambers of Howard Hamilton QC. She is certified as a mediator. She was appointed as a crown council in the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions in January 1994.

## Career

Ramsay-Hale was a family court judge in St James, Jamaica, and a magistrate in the parish's criminal courts. She moved to the Cayman Islands in September 1998, where she served as a magistrate in the Summary Court for ten years and as chief magistrate for three years. She was an acting judge for the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands in 2006 and was an appointed member of the Cayman Islands Panel of Acting Grand Court Judges in 2013.
She was appointed by Governor Ric Todd as a puisne judge for the Supreme Court of the Turks and Caicos Islands on 1 November 2011, becoming the first woman to be appointed to the Supreme Court. Ramsay-Hale was promoted to chief justice by Governor Peter Beckingham, following consultation by the Judicial Service Commission, on 19 June 2014. She was the first female chief justice of the Turks and Caicos Islands. She was sworn into this position on 22 September 2014. She served as the presiding judge for the civil and commercial divisions and worked in the criminal and matrimonial and family divisions. She was re-appointed for a further three-year term on 10 October 2017 by Governor John Freeman. She officially resigned the position on 10 January 2020.
Ramsay-Hale was appointed a judge of the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands by Governor Martyn Roper, which became effective on 13 January 2020.
# Island Lake (White Cloud Mountains)

Island Lake is an alpine lake in Custer County, Idaho, United States, located in the White Cloud Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area. The lake is accessed from Sawtooth National Forest trail 806.
Island Lake is southwest of D. O. Lee Peak and southwest of Goat Lake, although not in the same sub-basin. There is one small island on the lake near the eastern shore.
# Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) is a Cisco proprietary protocol that attempts to overcome the limitations of existing redundant router protocols by adding basic load balancing functionality.
In addition to being able to set priorities on different gateway routers, GLBP allows a weighting parameter to be set. Based on this weighting (compared to others in the same virtual router group), ARP requests will be answered with MAC addresses pointing to different routers. Thus, by default, load balancing is not based on traffic load, but rather on the number of hosts that will use each gateway router. By default, GLBP load balances in round-robin fashion.
GLBP elects one AVG (Active Virtual Gateway) for each group. Other group members act as backup in case of AVG failure. In case there are more than two members, the second best AVG is placed in the Standby state and all other members are placed in the Listening state. This is monitored using hello and holdtime timers, which are 3 and 10 seconds by default. The elected AVG then assigns a virtual MAC address to each member of the GLBP group, including itself, thus enabling AVFs (Active Virtual Forwarders). Each AVF assumes responsibility for forwarding packets sent to its virtual MAC address. There could be up to four AVFs at the same time.
By default, GLBP routers use the local multicast address 224.0.0.102 to send hello packets to their peers every 3 seconds over UDP 3222 (source and destination).
Cisco implemented IPv6 support for GLBP in IOS release 12.2(33)SXI.
# Is Spiritualism a Fraud?

Is Spiritualism a Fraud? (AKA: The Medium Exposed) is a 1906 British silent trick film directed by Walter R. Booth (also credited to J.H. Martin), featuring a medium exposed as a fake during a séance.
The film is "one of the last films made by R.W. Paul in collaboration with the trick-film specialist W.R. Booth," and according to Michael Brooke of BFI Screenonline, "combines elements of the previous year's The Unfortunate Policeman with a special effects sequence. However, unlike Booth and Paul's other work, here the mechanisms are deliberately revealed," "the crucial difference between his illusions and those of a medium is that Booth's audience knew that they were being deceived, but were happy to go along with the charade for the sake of both entertainment and the pleasure of working out how it was done."
# 219th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade

The 219th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade was part of the United States Army Surveillance/reconnaissance formation introduced from c.2006-2011. The United States Army planned for the creation and transformation of nine intelligence brigades to a 'Battlefield Surveillance' role in 2007. The first Battlefield Surveillance Brigade (BfSB) was deployed the same year conducting Surveillance, Reconnaissance and Intelligence operations. However, gathering information is only half the challenge it faced. Along with the structural changes and intelligence capabilities, the sustainment capabilities of the brigade also changed.[2] The United States Army reorganized it’s intelligence formations into Battlefield Surveillance Brigades (BfSB). The brigades were self-sufficient Army Modular Forces. Army doctrine changed the name of the BfSB to Reconnaissance and Surveillance Brigade in 2011. In 2016, the 219th BfSB was redesignated to the 219th Engineer Brigade.
The 219th BfSB was composed of:
During deployment to Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom in 2009-2010, Bco, 2nd Bn, 151st Inf received both the Meritorious Unit Citation and Valorous Unit Award, along with other combat awards and decorations while executing combat operations that included reconnaissance/surveillance operations, convoy security patrols, and quick reaction force (QRF) duties as part of Task Force Yukon (4th BCT (Airborne)) and Task Force Rakkasan (3d Bde, 101st Airborne Division) for the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in Khost province.
Troop C, 2-152 CAV used to be known as Company D (Long Range Reconnaissance Patrol), 151st Infantry; Company D (Ranger), 151st Infantry; and 151st Infantry Detachment (Long Range Surveillance). This elite LRS unit was composed of paratroopers, snipers, pathfinders, signal communications specialists and rangers specializing in reconnaissance and surveillance deep behind enemy lines serving within the Indiana Army National Guard. The unit was designated as Troop C (LRS), 2nd Squadron, 152nd Cavalry Regiment of the 219th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade and in 2016, was redesignated as Company D, 2d Battalion, 151st Infantry Regiment, 76th Brigade Combat Team. As an LRS troop, this elite unit was affiliated with the US Army's 75th Ranger Regiment as per their full membership within the 75th Ranger Regiment Association. The Indiana Rangers originated as an elite 19th-century mounted militia force.
Personnel from the former Troop C (LRS), 2d Squadron, 152d Cavalry Regiment were used to form the new Company C, 2d Battalion (Airborne), 134th Infantry Regiment. While Company B is part of the Indiana Army National Guard, most of the battalion is under the Nebraska Army National Guard, and the battalion itself is assigned to the 45th Infantry Brigade Combat Team of the Oklahoma Army National Guard.

## Past commanders

* COL Ivan E. Denton (First Commander)
* COL Timothy N. Thombleson
* COL David N. Vesper
# McAvoy Brewing Company

McAvoy Brewing Company (founded in 1865 as Bemis & Rindge Brewery by Henry V. Bemis) was run by John H. McAvoy in Chicago, Illinois and was one of Chicago's largest breweries before Prohibition. Coinciding with the Eighteenth Amendment going into effect on January 16, 1920, the brewery closed in 1920.

## History
### Early history

In 1865, the brewery began in a three-story brick building close to the corner of South Park Avenue and 23rd Street along Lake Michigan. In the early 1870s, a malt house was constructed next to the original building, along with 4 ice houses on the western side of the avenue in 1872, 1874, 1875, and 1876. In 1878 and 1879, two more ice houses were constructed on the east side of South Park Avenue. A substantial brick barn was built in 1878 and office building was built in 1879.
In 1901, the company employed over one hundred men and the chief brewer was Fritz Hieronimus. Hieronimus learned the trade in Germany at Frankfort-on-the-Main, a well known school for brewers at the time. In 1890, Hieronimus was elected as an honorary members of the United States Brewmasters' Association. Until 1882, the officers of the company were:
* Austin J. Doyle, President
* Adam Ortseifen, Vice President
* H. T. Bellamy, Secretary and Treasurer
Doyle was Chicago's former Chief of Police and later became manager of the Illinois State Brewers' Association.

### McAvoy involvement

From 1882 until 1920, John H. McAvoy was president of the company. McAvoy was the brother-in-law of Peter Leyendecker, who came from Germany in 1882 with his family to work with McAvoy. Leyendecker was the father of American illustrators J.C. Leyendecker and Frank X. Leyendecker. In 1889, the McAvoy Brewery, along with the Wacker & Birk Brewery were sold to an English Syndicate, the Chicago Breweries Limited. After joining the syndicate, McAvoy continued to use the same name and management. McAvoy was instrumental and securing funding to return John Brown's Fort back to West Virginia after it had been brought to Chicago in 1892 for display at the World's Columbian Exposition. In 1893, in-house bottling was installed and McAvoy was among the largest breweries in Chicago.

### Prohibition

As the Prohibition movement began, the cultural landscape changed and the business began a downturn. In 1920, the Brewery closed, which coincided with the Eighteenth Amendment going into effect on January 16, 1920.

## Timeline

* 1862-64, Bemis & Rindge Brewery
* 1864-69, Downer, Bemis & Co.
* 1869-82, Downer & Bemis Brewing Co.
* 1882-87, Bemis & McAvoy Brewing Co.
* 1887-1920, McAvoy Brewing Co.
# Lastva

Lastva (Serbian Cyrillic: Ластва) is a village in the municipality of Trebinje, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Jae (given name)

People with the given name Jae:

## Korean

* Jae (Korean name), for a list of Korean given names containing the element "Jae"
* Jae Hee (born 1980), South Korean actor
* Jae Ko, Korean artist
* Jae Lee (born 1972), Korean-American comics artist
* Jae Park (born 1992), Korean-American musician, singer, songwriter, rapper, and composer
* Jae Yoo (born 1989), South Korean model

## Non-Korean

* Jae Ang (born 1982), Singaporean singer
* Jae R. Ballif (born 1931), American author and provost
* Jae Kingi-Cross (born 1976), Australian basketball player
* Jae Crowder (born 1990), American basketball player
* Jae Deal (born 'unknown'), American composer, arranger, music producer, and orchestrator
* Jae Head (born 1996), American actor
* Jae Jarrell (born 1935), American artist
* Jae Liew (born 1990), Singaporean actress
* Jae Martin (born 1976), English football midfielder
* Jae Matthews (born 1988), American musician
* Jae Millz (born 1983), American rapper
* Jae Synth (born 1980), American music producer and disc jockey
* Jae Thaxton (born 1985), American football linebacker
* Jae (author) (born 1978), German author of lesbian fiction

## Fictional characters

* Jae Juun, a fictional character in the Star Wars Expanded Universe
* Jae Lee (Lost), a character on the television series Lost
# 2023 IBG Prague Open

The 2023 IBG Prague Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Prague, Czech Republic between 21 and 26 August 2023.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| AUT | Lukas Neumayer | 223 | 1 |
| ITA | Francesco Maestrelli | 246 | 2 |
| ITA | Luciano Darderi | 250 | 3 |
| GER | Rudolf Molleker | 266 | 4 |
| POR | João Sousa | 270 | 5 |
| GER | Henri Squire | 276 | 6 |
| FRA | Mathias Bourgue | 277 | 7 |
| MON | Valentin Vacherot | 286 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings as of 14 August 2023.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Hynek Bartoň
* Jonáš Forejtek
* Toby Kodat
The following player received entry into the singles main draw using a protected ranking:
* Carlos López Montagud
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Paweł Ciaś
* Gabriel Debru
* Federico Agustín Gómez
* Kirill Kivattsev
* Jakub Nicod
* Michael Vrbenský

## Champions
### Singles

* Rudolf Molleker def. Gabriel Debru 6–2, 6–2.

### Doubles

* Petr Nouza / Andrew Paulson def. Filip Bergevi / Mick Veldheer 7–5, 6–3.
# Endlich Samstag!

Endlich Samstag! is a German television series.
# Gerta Rücker

Gerta Rücker (born 1955) is a German statistician known for her expertise in meta-analysis, and in its application to studies of borderline personality disorder. She is a researcher in the Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics at the University of Freiburg.

## Education and career

Rücker earned a diploma from the University of Erlangen–Nuremberg in 1982. She has been affiliated with the Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics at the University of Freiburg since 2005, and earned her doctorate (Dr. rer. nat.) there in 2010. Her dissertation, Small-study Effects And Heterogeneity In Meta-analysis, was supervised by Martin Schumacher.

## Book

Rücker is the coauthor, with Guido Schwarzer and James R. Carpenter, of the book Meta-Analysis with R (Springer, 2015).
# Isle of Man Labour Party

Isle of Man Labour Party may refer to one of the following:
* Manx Labour Party, a political party in the Isle of Man
* Independent Labour (Isle of Man), a former political party in the Isle of Man
# Gateway Mall

Gateway Mall may refer to:

## United States

* The Gateway (Salt Lake City), an open-air mall in Utah
* Gateway Fashion Mall, an enclosed mall in Bismarck, North Dakota
* Gateway Town Center (Gateway Mall), a shopping center in Jacksonville, Florida
* Prescott Gateway, a shopping mall in Prescott, Arizona
* Gateway Mall (Springfield, Oregon)
* Gateway Mall (Lincoln, Nebraska), a shopping mall in Lincoln, Nebraska
* Gateway Center Mall, an outdoor shopping mall in the Spring Creek neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York
* St. Louis Gateway Mall, the strip of land in downtown St. Louis, Missouri, from the Gateway Arch to Union Station

## Elsewhere

* Gateway Mall (Prince Albert, Saskatchewan), an enclosed mall in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, Canada
* Gateway Mall (Quezon City), Cubao, Quezon City, Philippines
# Irmak, Cide

Irmak is a neighbourhood of the town Cide, Cide District, Kastamonu Province, Turkey. Its population is 580 (2021).
# McPhillips Station Casino

McPhillips Station Casino (formerly the McPhillips Street Station Casino) is a casino located in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It is one of two casinos in the city (the other being the Club Regent Casino), both are owned and operated by the Manitoba Liquor & Lotteries Corporation, and in turn, the Government of Manitoba.
The casino opened in 1993, after an assessment regarding the distribution of gambling revenue was released.
In December 2015 the casino announced a $45-million renovation plan.
# Gertel's Bake Shop

Gertel's Bakery was a kosher bake shop on New York's Lower East Side. Located at 53 Hester Street, Gertel's Bakery operated from 1914 until the retail store closed on June 21, 2007. It merged with Delancey Bakery and its successor operates as Gertel's Uptown, 101 Steuben Street, Brooklyn, NY, providing wholesale business only.