OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A Scow

The A Scow is an American scow-hulled sailing dinghy that was designed by John O. Johnson as a racer and first built in 1901.
The A Scow design was developed into the V38, by Victory by Design, LLC in 2005.

## Production

The design was initially built by Johnson Boat Works in White Bear Lake, Minnesota United States, but that company closed in 1998 and production passed to Melges Performance Sailboats, who continue to build it.

## Design

The A Scow traces its origins back to a Johnson-designed prototype in 1896. Over time the class has changed and evolved into essentially a one design class today. At 38.00 ft (11.58 m) length overall, the design is the largest scow raced today and is one of the largest dinghies produced.
The A Scow is a racing sailboat, with the early versions built from wood and the more recent ones built predominantly of fiberglass. It has a fractional sloop with a masthead spinnaker. The hull is a scow design with a raised counter, vertical transom; dual spade-type rudders controlled by dual tillers and dual retractable centerboards. It displaces 1,850 lb (839 kg) and carries no ballast.
The boat has a draft of 4.00 ft (1.22 m) with a centerboard extended and 1.00 ft (0.30 m) with both retracted, allowing beaching or ground transportation on a trailer.
For sailing the design is equipped with an asymmetrical spinnaker of 1,200 sq ft (110 m$^2$), flown from a retractable bowsprit.
The design is raced with a crew of at least five sailors and normally has a total of six or seven crew members to help balance the boat.

## Operational history

The boat is supported by a national class club, the National Class A Scow Association, which regulates the class and organizes races. The A Scow is mostly raced on lakes in the midwestern United States.
A film was made about racing A Scows, The Ultimate Ride, by racer Peter Crawford.
A review in Sailing World in 2006 by Gary Jobson, wrote, "these boats sail best when heeled more than 20 degrees, and in a breeze, it takes a lot of courage to do this. The boat rocks up and you feel as if you're about to be catapulted out of the cockpit. But a subtle tug on the tiller, a slight ease of the main and spinnaker sheets, and zingo, you're sailing at 25 knots. There's no crew weight limit, so depending on the wind strength, 5 to 7 crew can be piled on the rail with sailors rotating on or off in between races."
# Edea Hydroelectric Power Station

The Edea Power Station is a hydroelectric power plant of the Sanaga River near Edéa in Cameroon. It has a power generating capacity of 264 megawatts (354,000 hp), enough to power over 136,600 homes. Nearly 60% of the power goes to the aluminum smelter.
# Edgar Pearce

Edgar Eugene Pearce (born 1937–38) is a British extortionist and bomber who was convicted of the Mardi Gra bombings, a three-year blackmail and terror campaign in the London area between December 1994 and April 1998.

## Early life

Pearce grew up in Leyton, East London. At the age of 11, he went to Nelson House preparatory school in Oxford. His parents were unable to pay the fees, and three years later he came back to the family home and attended Norlington Boys' School in Leyton. Pearce attended there for two years before leaving, at age 16, to go into the advertising industry.

## Mardi Gra bombings

After a dispute with Barclays Bank, Pearce targeted six different branches on 6 December 1994 with home-made bombs. Two of them, in Hampstead and Ladbroke Grove, exploded, injuring two members of staff. From May 1995, Pearce was randomly sending bombs to different targets and addresses, including one to the Barclaycard headquarters in Northampton with a blackmail demand. In 1996 he targeted Barclays banks again, exploding two devices in the Ealing branch and one in Eltham from January to April. Three civilian injuries were caused by the last one in Ealing on 20 April.
After 17 months of inactivity, Pearce resumed his blackmailing and bombing campaign, this time targeting Sainsbury's supermarkets, in the hope of obtaining money from them. He targeted five branches in November 1997 in the west and south-east London. A 73-year-old woman accidentally picked up a device left in West Ealing with her shopping. His last attack was in Eltham, south-east London, on 17 April 1998.
In total, he planted 36 devices. At the time he was unemployed and divorced, living in the affluent Chiswick area of west London. Police believed the suspect was acting alone and possibly influenced by Ted Kaczynski, who was being sentenced in America at the time.
On 28 April 1998, Pearce was arrested in Whitton, south-west London, after falling into a police trap whilst withdrawing cash, as his account was linked and being watched by the police. At his Chiswick home, police found home-made bombs. His terror campaign cost Sainsbury's £640,000 in lost trade.
Lawyers acting for Pearce claimed he suffers from Binswanger's disease, a rare form of dementia that can change the way people think. But following further medical reports, the judges at the Old Bailey rejected this. On 14 April 1999, he was convicted of 20 charges including causing an explosion, possessing firearms and wounding, and was sentenced to a total of 224 years, most to be served concurrently, resulting in 21 years of imprisonment.
Pearce was labelled the Mardi Gra bomber because he often left a calling card containing the phrase "Welcome to the Mardi Gra experience".
# Edoardo Gelli

Eduardo Gelli (1853 in Savona – 1933) was an Italian painter, mainly of genre costume portraits.

## Biography

He trained in Florence under Antonio Ciseri. The contemporary American art collector James Jackson Jarves grouped him in with Francesco Vinea and Tito Conti, two other costume genre painters. At the Louisiana Purchase Exposition of 1904, he displayed The Lost Chord.
# Ecyrus hirtipes

Ecyrus hirtipes is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Charles Joseph Gahan in 1895. It is known from Guadeloupe, Barbados, Martinique, Cuba, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, the Dominican Republic, Bahamas, Grenada, Haiti, and Puerto Rico. It feeds on Inga ingoides.
# Ecyrus pacificus

Ecyrus pacificus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Linsley in 1942. It is known from Mexico.
# Edward Abington

Edward Abington may refer to:
* Edward Habington (died 1586), also spelt Edward Abington, English conspirator in the Babington Plot
* Edward Abington Jr. (born 1943), American diplomat
# Edward Abend

Edward Abend (May 30, 1822 – July 17, 1904) was a German American politician, lawyer, and banker from the Kingdom of Bavaria. He came with his family to St. Louis, Missouri as a child, later moving to Belleville, Illinois. After studying at Lebanon College, Abend became a lawyer, eventually opening a practice in Belleville. Abend was active in the affairs of the city and county and was elected mayor four times. He served one term in the Illinois House of Representatives as a Free Soil Democrat.

## Biography

Edward Abend was born in Marnheim, Kingdom of Bavaria, on May 30, 1822. His family emigrated to the United States, settling in St. Louis, Missouri. After a cholera outbreak killed his father, brother, and sister, Abend's family moved to Belleville, Illinois. Abend attended public schools in St. Louis, but attended a private academy in Belleville. He was admitted to Lebanon College in 1840. He was admitted to the bar in 1843 and practiced in Lebanon, Illinois for two years. In 1844, he purchased a farm and operated it for six years. He then returned to Belleville to again practice law.
Abend was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives in 1848, serving one term. He was affiliated with the Free Soil Party and the Democratic Party. He maintained his affiliation with the Democrats, but often voted for Republican presidential candidates. He served as mayor of Belleville five times. He also served a term on the St. Clair County Board of Supervisors.
In 1860, Abend founded the Belleville Savings Bank and was named its first president. He also became president of the Electric Light Company of Belleville. He was the manager and president of the St. Clair Turnpike Company, which built a road in 1850 that was later sold to an electric railroad company. He was a director of the St. Louis, Alton and Terre Haute Railroad for twenty years.
Abend married Caroline Westermann in 1852. They had one daughter, Louisa, who died young. He remarried to Anna Hilgard in 1856. They had six children. He enjoyed traveling in his spare time and twice visited Europe. He died on July 17, 1904.
# A View to a Kill (disambiguation)

A View to a Kill is a 1985 James Bond film.
A View to a Kill may also refer to:
* "A View to a Kill" (song), the film's theme song by Duran Duran
* A View to a Kill (soundtrack), a soundtrack album from the film
* A View to a Kill (video game), two 1985 computer games based on the film
* "From a View to a Kill", a James Bond short story by Ian Fleming, from the 1960 collection For Your Eyes Only
* "A View to a Kill" (The Vampire Diaries), an episode of the TV series The Vampire Diaries
# Edmund Powell

Edmund Nathanael Powell (2 September 1859 – 11 April 1928) was Bishop of Mashonaland from 1908 to 1910.
He was born in Buckhurst Hill, educated at Winchester and Trinity College, Oxford and ordained in 1884. His first post was a curacy in Chelmsford after which he was Priest in charge of the Beckton Mission. He was then Vicar of St Stephen, Upton Park before his elevation to the episcopate. At some point, he gained a Doctorate of Divinity (DD).
On his return to England he held further Incumbencies at St Saviour, Poplar and St Nicholas Castle Hedingham.
# Edward Hales

Edward Hales may refer to:
* Sir Edward Hales, 1st Baronet (1576–1654), English politician, MP for Queenborough and Kent
* Sir Edward Hales, 2nd Baronet (1626–1684), Member of Parliament (MP) for Maidstone and Queenborough
* Edward Hales (MP for Hythe) (1630–1696), MP for Hythe
* Sir Edward Hales, 3rd Baronet (1645–1695), MP for Canterbury, 1679–1681
* Sir Edward Hales, 5th Baronet, 3rd Jacobite Earl of Tenterden (1730–1802), of the Hales baronets
* Sir Edward Hales, 6th Baronet, 4th Jacobite Earl of Tenterden (1758–1829), of the Hales baronets
* E. E. Y. Hales (Edward Elton Young Hales, 1908–1986), English historian
# Aage Friis

Aage Friis (16 August 1870 – 5 October 1949) was a Danish historian and professor at the University of Copenhagen.

## Biography

Aage Friis was born in Korsør in Slagelse, Denmark. He was the son of Johan Frederik Friis (1833-1910) and Juliane Marie Landkilde (1832-1911). His father was a parish priest who also taught his children together with other children from the village.
In 1884, he was enrolled in Viborg Katedralskole. At Copenhagen, Friis completed his studies in 1896 with a master's degree in history. He was a member of the university library at the University of Copenhagen from 1891 to 1900, during which he graduated with a doctorate in 1899 with a dissertation on Andreas Peter Bernstorff and Ove Høegh-Guldberg.
In 1913, he became the history professor at the University of Copenhagen, where he remained until his retirement in 1935. He was rector of the university in 1932-1933. In 1919 he was one of the co-founders of the Norden Associations (Foreningen Norden) which works to promote common Nordic culture, society and economic ties.
Friis was concerned with Danish history primarily in its relations with Germany. The German-Danish noble family Bernstorff presented one of its main themes in the history of the early modern period; his two-volume work Die Bernstorffs und Dänemark were written in Danish and also translated into German. He appeared as a Danish biographer of the career of German chancellor Otto von Bismarck prior to his political rise. He also maintained a professional working relationship with German professor and historian Friedrich Meinecke (1862–1954).
Before and after the First World War, he became a member of the Danish Social Liberal Party. He served partly as an employee of the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the Southern Jutland issue, which resulted in Nordschleswig becoming Danish again after the war as a result of the Schleswig plebiscites of 1920.
Aage Friis was a member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters from 1920. He died at Hellerup and was buried at Solbjerg Park Cemetery in Frederiksberg.

## Selected works

* Bismarck. Ungdomstiden 1815 - 1848. En Historisk Skildring (Copenhagen: Gyldendal, 1909)
* Blixen Finecke og Bismarck: en brevveksling (Copenhagen: Graebes Bogtrykkeri, 1916. printed in Danske Magazin 1916, p. 365-387)
* Die Bernstorffs und Dänemark: ein Beitrag zur politischen und kulturellen Entwicklungsgeschichte des dänischen Staates; 1750-1835, 2 Volumes, (Leipzig: Weicher-Verlag, 1905)
# Edward Clarke (footballer)

Edward Clarke (1871 – after 1890) was an English footballer who played in the Football Alliance for Small Heath. He was born in the Stechford district of Birmingham and attended Washwood Heath School. He played once for Small Heath in the inaugural season of the Football Alliance, deputising at left back for the injured Fred Speller.
# Abdulkadir Emin Önen

Abdulkadir Emin Önen (born 15 March 1976) is a Turkish politician and diplomat who served as the Ambassador of Turkey to China.
He was elected to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey representing Şanlıurfa in 2007, 2011 and 2023.
In addition to his native Turkish, he knows English and Chinese.
# Abdulkadir Orire

Abdulkadir Orire (1934 – 26 January 2021) was a legal scholar, researcher, community leader, and development activist. He was the first Grand Khadi of the Kwara State Sharia Court of Appeal, in Nigeria.

## Early life

Abdulkadir Orire was born in 1934 at Obaninsunwa in Ilorin, the capital of Kwara State in north-central Nigeria.

## Education

He had his primary and secondary education at Ilorin between 1943 and 1951, after which he attended Kano Islamic Law School from 1951 to 1955. He later obtained a Diploma from the School of Oriental Studies, London in 1961 and a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of London in 1964, and he also had a Post Graduate Diploma from the Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

## Career

He was the pioneer and longest serving Grand Khadi of the Kwara State Sharia Court of Appeal, between 1975 and 1999.
He was conferred with the national honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger (CON), and also held the Ilorin honorary chieftaincy titles of Sarki Malami and Marafa.
He was instrumental to the establishment of what is today known as the University of Ilorin. He was the secretary of the Jama’atu Nasril Islam (JNI) in Kaduna during the Zangon Kataf crisis and a member of the 1999 constitution review committee.

## Death

He died on Tuesday 26 January 2021 in Ilorin, Nigeria.
# Edward Pine Coffin

Commissary-general Sir Edward Pine Coffin (1784 – 1862) was an English commissary officer.

## Life

Edward Pine Coffin, youngest son of the Rev. John Pine, was born at Eastdown, Devonshire, on 20 October 1784. He entered the commissariat as clerk on 25 July 1805, was made acting assistant in the following year, assistant commissary-general in 1809, deputy commissary-general in 1814, and commissary-general on 1 July 1840. He served at the Cape from 1805 to October 1808, in Spain in 1808–9, including the Corunna retreat, and in the Peninsular from April 1809 to August 1810, from October 1810 to June 1811, and from July 1812 to September 1814; also in the Netherlands and France in 1815–16, on special service at Brussels in 1819, and in Canada from June 1819 to December 1822.
During the next ten years he was on half-pay in China, and afterwards on service in Canada from September 1833 to August 1835. From that time until April 1841 he was in Mexico charged with the duty of raising dollars for the commissariat chests, after which he served from April 1843 to July 1845 in China, and from January 1846 to March 1848 in Ireland and Scotland, and had charge of the relief operations at Limerick and in the west of Ireland during the Famine up to August 1846, at the termination of which he was knighted by patent in recognition of his services. He was employed and paid from 1 April 1848 as one of the commissioners of inquiry into the working of the Royal Mint, whose report will be found in the Parliamentary Papers. Coffin, who was unmarried, died at his residence, Gay Street, Bath, 31 July 1862.

## Sources

* Commissariat Records in the possession of the War Office;
* The Gentleman's Magazine 3rd series, xiii. 372;
* Parliamentary Papers: Accounts and Papers, 1847, vol. li. (Ireland, Distress, Commissariat series), 1849, vol. xxviii. (Mint Commissioners).
# Abacetus michaelseni

Abacetus michaelseni is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Kuntzen in 1919.
# Edward East

Edward East may refer to:
* Edward Murray East (1879–1938), American plant geneticist and botanist
* Edward H. East (1830–1904), American politician; Secretary of State for Tennessee, 1862–1865
* Sir Edward East, 1st Baronet (1764–1847), English politician and legal writer; chief justice of Calcutta
* Edward East (clockmaker) (1602–1696), English clockmaker
# Abanuea

Abanuea was an island of the Republic of Kiribati. It was a subdivision of the main Tarawa Island. The name translates to "land of Chiefs".
Abanuea and Tebua Tarawa, another island, disappeared under water in 1999. While uninhabited at the time, it was commonly used by fishermen.
# Edward Hamlin Everett House

Edward Hamlin Everett House, is a 1915 Beaux-Arts mansion located, just off Sheridan Circle, at 1606 23rd St., NW in Washington, D.C. that today is the Residence of the Ambassador of Turkey.

## History

The building, Beaux-Arts in style, was built between 1910 and 1915 for Edward Hamlin Everett, a bottling millionaire. Everett's company, The American Bottle Company, merged with Corning to eventually become Owens Corning. Prior to the 1929 stock market crash, his estimated wealth was between $40–50 million. Everett also owned Château de l'Aile in Vevey, Switzerland and The Orchards, his summer residence in Bennington, Vermont that was also designed by Totten and later became Southern Vermont College.
The house was designed by George Oakley Totten Jr., a graduate of the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris who was one of Washington D.C.'s most prolific and skilled architects in the Gilded Age. The house was built as the winter residence for Everett who sought to enter society in the nation's capital.
   "As one moves past the Neoclassical façade, rooms jump from Baroque to Ottoman to Renaissance to Art Nouveau styles, studiously maintaining their individual integrity against each other."
After Everett's death, his widow, Grace Burnap, approached the Turkish government and offered to rent out the mansion to them. Totten, the architect of the house, had spent a brief period in Turkey as the official architect for Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II. The Turkish ambassador, Munir Ertegun, moved in with his family in 1934. Several years later, they bought the mansion, fully furnished with Everett's antiques, including Sèvres porcelain and Gobelin wall tapestries.
In 2007, the house was fully restored after three years and $20 million renovation by Washington restoration architect Belinda Reeder and embassy interior designer Anikó Gaal Schott.

### Turkish attacks

On May 16, 2017, dozens of peaceful protestors were assaulted by Turkish security officials. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, visiting the Ambassador's residence that sits on Sheridan Circle, watched the clashes from a distance.

## Gallery

* View of house from Sheridan Circle, 1970
* Second floor reception hall, 1970
* Second floor drawing room, 1970
* Ground floor entrance hall, 1970
* View from dining room toward conservatory, 1970
* View from dining room toward conservatory, 1970
* Main entrance
* Driveway
* South side
# Eerieconsiliation

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide | |
Eerieconsiliation is an album by Elevator to Hell. It was released on September 9, 1997, via Sub Pop.
The album was recorded in February 1997 in the "Xanadu Room," with some songs re-recorded live on March 16, at a Domar Transmission warehouse.

## Critical reception

CMJ wrote: "Upbeat songs like 'The Cloud' and 'Every Channel' showcase the band's rock roots, while the slow grinding 'Backteeth' is an addictive bass-driven number that explodes into a compact, but inspired, guitar eulogy before the band lets the listener go." The St. Catharines Standard wrote that "[Rick] White is like a patient spider, spinning his musical web unassumingly in the deepest attics of human experience, knowing that eventually we will venture there."

## Track listing

All songs written by Rick White, except where noted.
* "The Cloud" – 2:40
* "To Breath" – 2:00
* "Every Channel" – 2:15
* "Hurricane" – 1:49
* "Suddenly" – 2:16
* "Backteeth" – 4:06
* "Bad Thoughts Coming Down" – 1:25
* "Inevitably" – 2:19
* "Sleep Experiment Number One" – 3:02
* "Window" – 1:48
* "Fifties Lady" – 2:36
* "Here to Here" (Mark Gaudet) – 3:43
* "The Time Is Grey" – 3:25
* "The Hole" – 1:22
* "Second Conscience" – 2:43
* "I've Gone for a Ride" – 4:38

## Personnel

* Rick White – guitar, vocals, organ, engineering, mixing, album art and photography
* Mark Gaudet – drums, vocals on "Here to Here"
* Tara White – bass, vocals, album photography
# Abe Jones

Abe Jones may refer to:
* Abe Jones (baseball), 1880s–1890s African-American baseball player
* Abraham Jones (footballer) (1875–1942), English footballer (Middlesbrough, West Bromwich Albion, Luton Town), father of Abe Jones Jr
* Abe Jones Jr. (1899 – after 1923), English footballer (Birmingham, Reading, Brighton & Hove Albion, Merthyr Town), son of Abraham Jones (footballer)
* Abe Jones (politician), member of the North Carolina House of Representatives
* Abe Jones House on National Register of Historic Places listings in Oconee County, Georgia
# Abruzzo DOC

Abruzzo is an important red and white wine grape in Abruzzo.

## History

It was established as a red wine DOC in 2010.

## Viticulture

* Principal Red Grape Varieties: Montepulciano
* Principal White Grape Varieties:Chardonnay, Cococciola, Gewürztraminer, Malvasia, Montonico Bianco, Moscato, Passerina, Pecorino, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc
# Abel Costas Montaño

Abel Costas Montaño (May 25, 1920 – February 11, 2015) was a Bolivian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church.
Costas Montaño was born in Pocona, Bolivia and was ordained a priest on September 22, 1945. He was appointed auxiliary archbishop of the Archdiocese of Cochabamba on November 11, 1968, as well as titular bishop of Novi, and was ordained bishop on January 6, 1969. Montaño was appointed Bishop of the Diocese of Tarija on December 11, 1974, where he would serve until his retirement on October 20, 1995.
# Absentee

Absentee or The Absentee may refer to:
* Absentee (band), a British band
* The Absentee, a novel by Maria Edgeworth, published in 1812 in Tales of Fashionable Life
* The Absentee (1915 film), a 1915 American silent film directed by Christy Cabanne
* The Absentee (1951 film), a 1951 Mexican film directed by Julio Bracho
* The Absentee (1989 film), a 1989 Argentine film
* Absentee (album), an album from Pitch Black Forecast
# Absconditella rosea

Absconditella rosea is a species of crustose lichen in the family Stictidaceae. Found in Venezuela, it was formally described as a new species in 2018 by lichenologists Klaus Kalb and André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected at a location between Laguna Mucubají and Pico Mucuñuque (Mérida) at an altitude of about 3,500 m (11,500 ft); here it was found growing on detritus in páramo. The specific epithet refers to the pale pinkish colour of the ascomata. The lichen is only known to occur in Venezuela. A similar species in genus Absconditella is A. lignicola, which can be distinguished from A. rosea by its whitish apothecia and differences in ascospore morphology.