OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mississauga Marathon

The Mississauga Marathon was an annual marathon race held in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. It was held from 2004 to 2022. The race was a qualifier for the Boston Marathon.
In 2023, it was replaced by a new event, the Mississauga Half, which included a half marathon, 10K and 5K races due to new ownership. In 2024, the marathon event is brought back as Beneva becomes the new sponsor for the 42 km event. Mississauga Marathon is again offering all formats of the event, including full marathon, half marathon, 10K, and 5K.

## History

With a mandate of "A Run for Everyone", the Mississauga Marathon has a festival atmosphere where spectators, volunteers, runners and their families enjoy a day of fitness and entertainment. The event includes the full marathon, half marathon, team relay challenge, 10K & 10K student relay, a community favourite, "The Hazel" 5K and the 2K Family Fun Run/Walk rounds out the weekend ensuring that there truly is an event for everyone.

## Route

This point to point course is a fast net downhill. The course starts at Mississauga's City Hall, and makes its way west across the Credit River to Mississauga Road and then travels south for a beautiful stretch past the University of Toronto's Mississauga Campus, Mississauga Golf and Country Club, and continues through some of Mississauga's most beautiful residential neighbourhoods, before winding along the scenic Lake Ontario Waterfront Trail, and back along the Lakeshore to the finish at Lakefront Promenade Park. Small inclines are found at 10 km and 24 km. The 'net' downhill aspect of this race still exists, however, with a 250' (or 80m) drop from start to finish.
# Happy Times! Sing Along with Mitch

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| New Record Mirror | 4/5 |
Happy Times! Sing Along with Mitch is an album by Mitch Miller and The Gang. It was released in 1960 on the Columbia label (catalog nos. CL-1568 and CS-8368).
The album debuted on Billboard magazine's popular albums chart on March 13, 1961, peaked at No. 5, and remained on that chart for 23 weeks. It was certified as a gold record by the RIAA.

## Track listing

Side 1
* Medley: "That's My Weakness Now" and "Last Night On The Back Porch"
* Medley: "I Love My Baby, My Baby Loves Me" and "If You Knew Susie"
* "Indiana"
* Medley: "Where Do You Work-A, John" and "Yes! We Have No Bananas"
* Medley: "Collegiate" and "Alabamy Bound"
* "The Trail of the Lonesome Pine"
Side 2
* "My Melancholy Baby"
* "Side by Side"
* "Anniversary Song"
* "Wagon Wheels"
* "The Prisoner's Song"
* "Beautiful Ohio"
# Adamanduga

Adamanduga (Sumerian for "dialogue") is a Sumerian and Akkadian genre of literature, a kind of dispute. It originated in the 3rd millennium BC, and was used until the Neo-Assyrian Empire between the 9th and the 7th century BC.

## Sumerian literature

It is used predominantly for the description of mythological stories. It describes the beginning of the Earth's history. Then it depicts the beginning of the two fundamenta of the human culture. Dialogues are always between two new achievements. These are personalised. Both describe itself as the better one. It cites its value, beauty and usefulness. At the end of the poem one of the Gods (usually Enlil) decides who says right things. It was the first literature genre where humans were the reference for the judging of human society in the history of Mesopotamia. Its dialogues take place somewhere in Edubba. Philosophical speculations also can be found around mythological descriptions. There are some Sumerian adamandugas which survived this long period. These are for example: U and Ezinu; Enesh and Enten; Hummar and Plough; Wood and Reed; Bird and Fish; Tammuz and Enkimdu. Source of the genre is in the Edubba literature. It includes ethical, pedagogical writings. Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta shares a lot of characteristic features with this and genre embedded to an epos. It converged to the fabula in a Summer–Akkad bilingual writing. It included dogs, wolves, lions and foxes also.

## Akkadian literature

There are few disputes in the genre of adamanduga in the Akkad literature. Main theme of these poetries were the relationship between human and the society instead of human and environment. Most vital parts of adamandugas were its special characters: personalisation of plants and animals. There were violent fights between them. Most important poems are Tamariskus and the Date Palm; Ox and the Horse. These had major influence in their time. Disputes in the Nisaba and the Wheat had less cultural historical background. In Myth of Etana dispute becomes fight. The characters of the epos are the Snake and the Eagle. It is the predecessor of the balbale.
You may find similar writings in the later history of Arabic, Hebrew literature and in the Middle Age from Europe.
# Belle Greene

Belle Greene may refer to:
* Belle da Costa Greene (1883–1950), librarian to J. P. Morgan
* Belle C. Greene (1842–1926), American author
# Government Houses of South Africa

The following is a list of Government Houses of South Africa.
* Transvaal, Government House of Transvaal
* Cape Province, Government House of Cape ProvinceThe Tuynhuys (Government House) in Cape Town.
* Orange Free State, Government House, Bloemfontein
* Natal, Government House of Natal
# Headway Devon

Headway Devon is a charity located in Devon, England, that provides care, support, and rehabilitation for adults who are affected by brain injuries. As an independent registered charity, it is affiliated with the national charity Headway.
The charity's primary objective is to help clients and their families adjust to the physical and psychological changes that follow brain injuries. Headway Devon offers social rehabilitation opportunities at its locations across Devon. Additionally, the charity employs a team of community support workers who provide assistance to clients in their own homes and communities.

## Centre-based rehabilitation

The charity's approach towards brain injury rehabilitation is centred on providing a safe, relaxed, and pressure-free environment through its Centre-based rehabilitation programmes. The charity's rehabilitation programmes incorporate therapeutic activities, workshops, and group sessions, as well as social contact for individuals who are recovering from brain injuries. Additionally, the centre offers respite to full-time careers, who require temporary relief from their caregiving duties. Prior to attending the centre, the charity conducts an assessment and develops a care plan in collaboration with the individual to enable staff to work towards mutual rehabilitation objectives. Centre attendance can contribute to the restoration of meaningful daily activities, as well as provide an opportunity for social contact for those who have become socially isolated. The charity operates several Headway Devon Centres, located in Exeter, Honiton, and South Devon, where individuals can avail of the rehabilitation programmes and services.

## Community support

Community support is a service that provides one-to-one assistance to individuals in their homes and communities. The service is staffed by trained specialists whose primary objective is to enhance independent living skills and promote social inclusion. Typically, this is achieved through a range of services, including help with housing issues, assisted shopping, budgeting, and liaison with outside agencies. Community support may also involve a wide variety of activities and tasks designed to facilitate the rehabilitation process, including a return to employment, whether paid or voluntary. Each community support program is tailored to the individual's specific needs and preferences.
Headway Devon is governed by a Board of Trustees, including several client representatives. According to the accounts published by the Charity Commission, the charity's income for the fiscal year ending March 2008 was £578,727, which was generated from a combination of grants from local social services, payments for services provided, and fundraising efforts.
# 142nd Division (1st Formation) (People's Republic of China)

The 142nd Division (Chinese: 第142师) was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 31st Division, 11th Column of the PLA Dongbei Field Army. Its origin can be traced to 17th Independent Brigade of Reliao Military Region, formed in September 1946.
The division is part of 48th Corps. Under the flag of 142nd division it took part in several major battles during the Chinese Civil War.
In November 1950 the division was inactivated and converted to 5th Artillery Training Base.
As of inactivation the division was composed of:
* 424th Regiment;
* 425th Regiment;
* 426th Regiment.
# 1683 in science

The year 1683 in science and technology involved some significant events.

## Geography

* Vincenzo Coronelli completes terrestrial and celestial globes for Louis XIV of France.

## Biology

* September 17 – Antonie van Leeuwenhoek writes a letter to the Royal Society of London describing "animalcules" – the first known description of protozoa.

## Mathematics

* Based on his discovery of the resultant, Seki Takakazu starts to develop elimination theory in the Kai-fukudai-no-hō (解伏題之法,); and to express the resultant, he develops the notion of the determinant.
* Jacob Bernoulli discovers the mathematical constant e.

## Medicine

* Dutch physician Willem ten Rhijne publishes Dissertatio de Arthritide: Mantissa Schematica: De Acupunctura in London, introducing the West to acupuncture and moxibustion.

## Technology

* Vauban's manual on fortification, Le Directeur-Général des fortifications, begins publication at The Hague.

## Institutions

* May 24 – The Ashmolean Museum opens in Broad Street, Oxford (England) as the world's first purpose-built university museum, including accommodation for the teaching of natural philosophy and a chemistry laboratory. Naturalist Dr. Robert Plot is the first keeper and first professor of chemistry.
* October 15 – First meeting of the Dublin Philosophical Society, established by William Molyneux.

## Births

* February 28 – Rene Antoine Ferchault de Reaumur, French physicist (died 1757)
* December 23 – François Nicole, French mathematician (died 1758)
* Approximate date
** Giovanni Poleni, Italian mathematician and physicist (died 1761)
** Edmund Weaver, English astronomer (died 1748)

## Deaths

* May 2 – Stjepan Gradić, Ragusan polymath (born 1613)
* November 10
** John Collins, English mathematician (born 1625)
** Robert Morison, Scottish botanist (born 1620)
# August Kopisch

August Kopisch (26 May 1799 – 6 February 1853) was a German poet and painter.

## Biography

Kopisch was born on 26 May 1799 in Breslau, Prussia (now Wrocław, Poland). In 1815 he began studying painting at the Prague academy, but an injury to his hand damaged his prospects of success as an artist, and he turned to literature.
After residences in Dresden and Vienna Kopisch proceeded in 1822 to Italy. At Naples he became close friends with the poet August von Platen-Hallermünde; and when out swimming he and the painter Ernst Fries discovered the "Blue Grotto" of Capri.
In 1828 he settled at Berlin and was granted a pension by Frederick William IV of Prussia, who in 1838 conferred upon him the title of professor.
In 1847 he moved to Potsdam and wrote an account of royal residences there and in the neighborhood.
He died on 6 February 1853 at Berlin.

## Works

Kopisch produced some original poetry, light in language and in form. He specialised in re-telling legends and popular subjects, and among his Gedichte (Berlin, 1836) are some naïve and humorous little ballads such as Die Historie von Noah, Die Heinzelmännchen zu Köln, Das grüne Tier and Der Schneiderjunge von Krippstedt, which became popular.
He also published a translation of Dante's Divine Comedy (Berlin, 1840), and under the title Agrumi (Berlin, 1838) a collection of translations of Italian folk songs.

### Literature

* Agrumi, volksthümliche Posien aus allen Mundarten Italiens und seiner Inseln. Crantz Verlag, Berlin 1838.
* Allerlei Geister. Gedichte und Erzählungen. Mörike Verlag, München 1913 (mit der Ballade Die Heinzelmännchen zu Köln)
* Dieter Richter (Hrsg.): Entdeckung der blauen Grotte auf der Insel Capri. Wagenbach Verlag, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-8031-1163-3
* Die göttliche Komödie des Dante Alighieri. Metrische Uebersetzung nebst beigedrucktem Originaltexte. Brachvogel & Raubtiere, ist sehr berühmt geworden.
* Gedichte (1836)
* Die Heinzelmännchen zu Köln. Emons, Köln 2007, ISBN 978-3-89705-493-6.
* Ein Karnevalsfest auf Ischia. Hausen, Saarlouis 1892.
* Die königlichen Schlösser und Gärten zu Potsdam. Von der Zeit ihrer Gründung bis zum Jahre 1852. Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1854.
* Mein allererstes Märchenbuch: Die Heinzelmännchen zu Köln. Edition Paletti, Köln 2004, ISBN 3-89893-892-1.
* Der Träumer. Hübener, Berlin 1948.
* Carl Böttcher (Hrsg.): Gesammelte Werke (Collected works). Weidmann, Berlin 1856 (5 Bde.)
* Der Krater des Vesuvs mit der Eruption von 1828 (1828)
* Ein Schiff auf dem Meere von Delphinen umschwärmt
* Die Pontinischen Sümpfe (1848)
# Göle, Çan

Göle is a village in the Çan District of Çanakkale Province in Turkey. Its population is 143 (2021).
# Happy Gun

"Happy Gun" is New Zealand band Stellar*'s first single, and their indies release. Though Chris Van de Geer was not a part of the band at this point he mixed the title track. This indies release sees the band in a completely different genre than what their standard releases are like, featuring a heavy grunge rock arrangement for the first two tracks and an acoustic rock sound for the third. The B-side "Ride" appears in a short film called Headlong by Simon Raby.

## Track listing

| # | Title | Writer(s) | Duration |
| 1. | "Happy Gun" | Runga, Maclaren, Shanks | 2:30 |
| 2. | "Ride" | Runga, Maclaren, Haines | 3:04 |
| 3. | "Reprise" | Runga, Maclaren, Haines | 3:05 |
# All People's Party (Bhutan)

The All People's Party (APP) is a former political party in Bhutan. Its leader was former Prime Minister Jigme Y. Thinley.
On July 25, 2007, the relatively strong APP merged with the failing Bhutan People's Unity Party, led by former lyonpo (assemblyman) Yeshey Zimba; the two parties unified as the Bhutan Peace and Prosperity Party. Both the PUP and APP had been registered with the Election Commission.
# McLaughlin group

McLaughlin group may refer to:
* McLaughlin group (mathematics), a sporadic finite simple group
* The McLaughlin Group, a weekly public affairs program broadcast in the United States
# Apatelodes taperinha

Apatelodes taperinha is a moth in the family Apatelodidae.
# Ankara (whisky)

Ankara Whisky was the first and only Turkish whisky produced in Turkey.

## History

In the 1960s, during a period of a closed and self-sufficient economy in Turkey, it was decided to produce a domestic whisky both to support domestic production and to prevent foreign exchange outflow from the country due to the import of alcoholic beverages. In this context, a small unit was established within the beer factory of TEKEL in Ankara in 1963, with special incentives given to Prof. Dr. Turgut Yazıcıoğlu by the government of the time. The production volume of this facility, which was a first in the country, was determined as 200,000 liters per year. Thus, the official process of manufacturing and branding the first Turkish whisky began.
Although production continued under TEKEL until the mid-2000s, the transition to an open economy in Turkey starting from the 1980s, which allowed the sale of imported alcoholic beverages, led to the gradual decline in the popularity of Ankara Whisky amid competition from many foreign whisky brands entering the market. Despite efforts to change the sales policy and promotion of the product, resulting in attempts to maintain its position in the domestic market, the production rights of Ankara Whisky were transferred to Mey İçki in 2004. After approximately a decade of production in this way, the brand was acquired by the global alcohol producer Diageo in 2011. Shortly after passing entirely into the hands of foreign investors, production of Ankara Whisky was discontinued.

## Production techniques and characteristics

Throughout the production process, grains and rice were used as the main ingredients for Ankara Whisky. Scottish and American techniques were adopted for technical matters, and oak barrels were preferred for the aging of the whisky. The aging period was determined as 5 years. Ankara Whisky, which was released for over 50 years, had bottles of various sizes and types, but it is not definitively known whether they differed in aroma and taste. Furthermore, after production ceased, the copper stills, produced in Gaziantep, and Scotch-style copper pot stills used in manufacturing were purchased by a foreign company and sent to the United States, while the barrels were sent to France.
Ankara Whisky underwent frequent changes in bottle design and emblem, using symbols such as the Hittite Sun Disk, the Grey Wolf recognized as a national symbol among Turks, and the local breed of cats in the city, known internationally as the Turkish Angora. With an alcohol content of 43%, the whisky was generally produced in 70 cl bottles. According to the personal website of Turkish whisky expert Bozkurt Karasu, Ankara Whisky had aromas of dried fruits, raisins, and dried plums on the nose, with a malty taste. The palate was described as harsh, with a burning sensation from young alcohol, and a spicy taste similar to Irish whiskey, with hints of young and damp wood, and dried sweet apricots. The finish was noted as short and spicy.
# Babin Potok, Donji Vakuf

Babin Potok is a village in the municipality of Donji Vakuf, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 103.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 99 | 96.1% |
| other/undeclared | 4 | 3.9% |
| Total | 103 | 100% |
# Balabin

Balabin (Russian: Балабин) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Balabina. The name originates from the Russian word balaba meaning round bread and implying a short, chubby person. It may refer to:
* Eugene Balabin (1815–1895), Russian Roman Catholic priest
* Viktor Balabin (1811–1864), Russian diplomat and ambassador
# 1800 Aguilar

1800 Aguilar, provisional designation 1950 RJ, is a stony Vestian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter.
It was discovered on 12 September 1950, by Argentine astronomer Miguel Itzigsohn at La Plata Astronomical Observatory in Argentina. The asteroid was named after Argentine astronomer Félix Aguilar.

## Orbit and classification

The stony S-type asteroid is a member of the Vesta family. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.0–2.7 AU once every 3 years and 7 months (1,322 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.14 and an inclination of 6° with respect to the ecliptic. As no precoveries were taken, and no prior identifications were made, Aguilar's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation.

## Physical characteristics
### Rotation period

In September 2008, a rotational lightcurve of Aguilar was obtained from photometric observations taken by Australian amateur astronomer David Higgins. It gave a well-defined rotation period of 2.478 hours with a brightness variation of 0.11 in magnitude (U=3).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Aguilar measures 7.38 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo of 0.295, while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 8.18 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.8.

## Naming

This minor planet was named for Argentine astronomer Félix Aguilar (1884–1943), former director of the discovering observatory and founder of the University School of Astronomy and Geophysics. He contributed significantly to the development of Argentine astronomy in the first half of the 20th century (also see Félix Aguilar Observatory). The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 February 1976 (M.P.C. 3934).
# Ministry of Internal Affairs (Mordovia)

Ministry for Internal Affairs of Mordovia (МВД по Республике Мордовия) or the Police of Mordovia (Полиция Мордовии) is the main law enforcement organization of Mordovia, Russia.
The current Minister is Sergey Kozlov, he attained this position in 2005.

## History

The Police in Mordovia were originally formed in 1811 as the Saransk Municipal Police (Саранская городская полиция). There primary functions were Population Security, Trade inspection, epidemic Service, fighting against alcoholic products, Fire Fighting, construction inspection, and crimes investigations.
In 1917 the Czarist police was dissolved and replaced by the Militsiya. In 1918 under the militsiya, the central investigations department (уголовного розыск) was introduced. In 1934 the police were called MKVD of Mordovia, and in 1946 they were renamed to Ministry for Internal Affairs (MVD).
In 1987 various special units were formed, as OMON (отряд милиции особого назначени), with special functions as public order and aid to the municipal authorities in case of Emergencies. In 1989 The Sixth Department for combating Organized Crime was established.
In 2011 the Militsiya was renamed to Politsiya.
# Michael Friedländer

Michael Friedländer (29 April 1833 – 10 December 1910) was an Orientalist and principal of Jews' College, London. He is best known for his English translation of Maimonides' Guide to the Perplexed, which was the most popular such translation until the more recent work of Shlomo Pines, and still remains in print.

## Biography

Friedländer was born at Jutroschin, in the Grand Duchy of Posen. His early secular education was at a local Catholic school, and his Jewish education came from attendance of a Cheder, and from his father, who was a talmudist and Hebrew grammarian. He then attended the gymnasium, while continuing his Jewish studies under Rabbi Jacob Joseph Oettinger and Rabbi Elchanan Rosenstein.
In 1856, he began studies in classical languages and mathematics at the universities of Berlin and Halle/Saale (Ph.D. 1862), and concurrently with the university studies he pursued Talmudic learning. Settling in Berlin, he was appointed principal of the Talmud school, a position which he resigned in 1865 to accept that of the principal of Jews' College, London, in succession to Barnett Abrahams. There he taught theology, biblical and rabbinical exegesis, Talmud, Jewish history, mathematics, and Arabic.
He retired from this position in 1907, and died on 10 December 1910. His son-in-law was Moses Gaster (1856–1939), the Hakham of the Spanish and Portuguese congregation, London, and a Hebrew linguist.

## Works

Friedländer displayed considerable literary activity. He authored a few dozen articles for the Jewish Encyclopedia. As a member of the Society of Hebrew Literature he published under its auspices:
* The Commentary of Abraham ibn Ezra on Isaiah, translated into English with extensive annotations (available on Google Books)
* An Essay on the Writings of Ibn Ezra
* A translation from the original Arabic, with notes, of Maimonides' Guide of the Perplexed (1881).
* The Jewish Religion (1890, American edition: 1946)
* German commentary upon the Song of Songs (1867).
He also edited a Jewish Family Bible in English and Hebrew, compiled a Handbook of the Jewish Religion, made calculations on the Hebrew calendar, and contributed articles to the Jewish Quarterly Review, the Dictionary of National Biography, and other publications. Numerous papers read by him at Jews' College and elsewhere have been published.