OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alopecia mucinosa

Alopecia mucinosa, also known as Follicular mucinosis, Mucinosis follicularis, Pinkus' follicular mucinosis, and Pinkus' follicular mucinosis–benign primary form, is a skin disorder that generally presents, but not exclusively, as erythematous plaques or flat patches without hair primarily on the scalp, neck and face.$^{:649}$$^{:188}$ This can also be present on the body as a follicular mucinosis and may represent a systemic disease.
Alopecia mucinosa is divided into three different variants, primary acute, primary chronic, and secondary alopecia mucinosa.

## Signs and symptoms

Follicle papules and alopecia are the two main clinical signs of alopecia mucinosa. There may be patches of follicular papules, plaques, and nodules. In addition to the usual erythema and scaling, active lesions might occasionally express mucous material. The most frequently involved areas are the face and the scalp.

## Causes

Although the precise pathophysiology is uncertain, it has been suggested that cell-mediated immunity and circulating immune complexes play a part in responding to persistent antigens like Staphylococcus aureus.

## Diagnosis

Alopecia mucinosa patients require many skin biopsy samples for examination. Alopecia mucinosa is characterized by follicular degeneration and a buildup of mucin inside the follicles.

### Classification

The primary acute form of alopecia mucinosa is more common in children and young adults, characterized by isolated lesions on the scalp and skull that go away on their own in a short amount of time. The primary chronic variant of alopecia mucinosa is more common in slightly older age groups, has many disseminated lesions, and has a longer course with recurrent recurrences after treatment. A variety of benign and malignant illnesses can lead to secondary alopecia mucinosa.

## Treatment

Topical, intralesional, and systemic glucocorticoids, dapsone, x-irradiation, antimalarials, isotretinoin, indomethacin, minocycline, UVA1 phototheraphy, and PUVA photochemotheraphy, are among the treatment methods that have been documented in the therapy of this condition.
# Harold Martin

Harold Martin may refer to:
* Harold Martin (footballer) (born 1950), VFL player and VFA coach
* Harold Martin (New Jersey politician) (1918–2010), Member of the New Jersey General Assembly
* Harold Martin (New Caledonian politician) (born 1954), politician of New Caledonia
* Harold Martin (dragster driver), American drag racer
* Harold Martin (RAF officer) (1918–1988), Australian Royal Air Force pilot during World War II
* Harold Martin (EastEnders), a fictional character from EastEnders
* Harold E. Martin (1923–2007), newspaper editor and publisher
* Harold L. Martin (born 1951), American engineer and educator
* Harold M. Martin (1896–1972), American naval aviator
* Harold T. Martin (born 1964), former NSA contractor convicted of theft of classified information
* Harold Martin Jr., CEO of the Taco Mac chain of restaurants
* Harold D. Martin (1899–1945), American football player and coach
# HD 200661

HD 200661 (HR 8067) is a solitary star in the equatorial constellation Equuleus. It has an apparent magnitude of 6.41, placing it near the max naked eye visibility. The star is situated at a distance of 430 light years but is approaching with a heliocentric radial velocity of −12.1 km/s.
HD 200661 has a stellar classification of K0 III, indicating that the object is an early K-type giant star that is on the horizontal branch. It has an angular diameter of 0.75±0.05 mas, which yields a diameter 10.62 times that of the Sun at its estimated distance. At present HD 200661 has 1.74 times the Sun’s mass, and shines at 51.3 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,740 K, giving it a yellow-orange glow.
# Harold Robinson (baseball)

Harold Robinson is an American former Negro league shortstop who played in the 1940s.
Robinson played for the Philadelphia Stars in 1940. In four recorded games, he posted one hit in seven plate appearances.
# Hoe Jong-jil

Hoe Jong-jil (born 15 August 1972) is a North Korean boxer. He competed in the men's bantamweight event at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Anna Manning

Anna Manning is the former Chief Executive Officer of Reinsurance Group of America, Incorporated, and a former member of the company's Board of Directors. She assumed the role of CEO on January 1, 2017, and of President in December 2015. Anna Manning left her post effective December 31, 2023.

## Career

Prior to joining RGA, Manning spent 19 years with the Toronto office of Towers Perrin's Tillinghast insurance consulting service. She provided consulting services to the insurance industry in mergers and acquisitions, value-added performance measurement, product development, and financial reporting. Manning joined Reinsurance Group of America in 2007. From 2008 until 2011, Manning served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer for RGA's International Division, overseeing the division's marketing, pricing, underwriting, claims, and administration. In 2011, she became Executive Vice President and Head of U.S. Markets and later assumed responsibility for Latin American markets. In 2014, Anna was named Senior Executive Vice President of Global Structured Solutions, overseeing the company's transactional businesses.

## Education

Manning received a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) degree in Actuarial Science from the University of Toronto.

## Board memberships

Manning is a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries and the Canadian Institute of Actuaries. She has served as a member of the American Council of Life Insurers Financial Services Steering Committee and the ACLI's Reinsurance Executive Roundtable Program Committee.
# 104th Division

104th Division may refer to:
* 104th Division (1st Formation)(People's Republic of China), 1948–1951
* 104th Division (2nd Formation)(People's Republic of China), 1951–1955
* 104th Jäger Division (Wehrmacht), a unit of the German Army
* 104th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
* 104th Infantry Division "Mantova", a unit of the Italian Army
* 104th Infantry Division (United States), a unit of the United States Army
* 104th Guards Airborne Division, a unit of the Soviet Army
# Heinrich Braun

Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm Braun (1 January 1862 – 26 April 1934) was a German surgeon remembered for his work in the field of anaesthesiology. He was a native of Rawitsch, Province of Posen (today called Rawicz, Poland).
Braun attended the Kreuzschule and the Vitzhumsches Gymnasium in Dresden, completing his Abitur in 1881. He studied medicine at the Universities of Strasbourg, Greifswald and Leipzig, earning his doctorate in 1887. From 1891 to 1905 he worked at various hospitals in Leipzig, becoming an associate professor at the University of Leipzig in 1905. The following year he was appointed chief surgeon and medical director of the Royal Saxonian Hospital in Zwickau, a position he maintained until his retirement in 1923. Construction of the "Krankenstift Zwickau" in 1921 was based on his plans and recommendations.
Braun made important contributions in the development of general, local and regional anaesthesia. In 1901 he devised an apparatus for mixed-gas anaesthesia, and in 1903 recommended the addition of adrenaline as a vasoconstrictor to local anaesthetics. In 1905 he introduced procaine into clinical medicine, an anaesthetic that had previously been synthesized by Alfred Einhorn (1856-1917). Braun wrote Local Anesthesia, Its Scientific Basis and Practical Use.

## Associated eponym

* "Braun's splint": A metal splint and frame attached to pulleys, used to support a fractured leg while a patient is bedridden.
# Alopecia (disambiguation)

Alopecia is a synonym for hair loss. In everyday use the term may incorrectly refer specifically to:
* Alopecia areata (spot baldness), where hair is lost from some to almost all areas of the body
* Alopecia universalis, where hair is lost from all areas of the body

## Other

* Alopecia (album), a 2008 album by the band Why?
# Harry Edwin Wood

Harry Edwin Wood (3 February 1881 – 27 February 1946) was an English astronomer, director of the Union Observatory in Johannesburg, and discoverer of minor planets.
Wood was born in Manchester, graduating from Manchester University in 1902 with first class honours in physics, going on to gain an MSc in 1905. In 1906 he was appointed the Chief Assistant at the Transvaal Meteorological Observatory, which soon acquired telescopes and which became known as the Union Observatory and later Republic Observatory. In July 1906, he established South Africa's first 24-hour weather forecasts through telegraph in the Transvaal. In 1909, he married Mary Ethel Greengrass, also a physics graduate of Manchester University. Wood served as the observatory's director from 1928 to 1941, succeeding Robert Innes. He also served as the president of the Astronomical Society of South Africa from 1929 to 1930.
Wood is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of 12 numbered asteroids during 1911–1932.
He died in Mortimer, near Cradock, South Africa, in 1946. The asteroid 1660 Wood, discovered by his colleague Jacobus Bruwer at Johannesburg, is named in his honour (M.P.C. 3297).
Asteroids discovered: 12 :
| 715 Transvaalia | 22 April 1911 | list |
| 758 Mancunia | 18 May 1912 | list |
| 790 Pretoria | 16 January 1912 | list |
| 982 Franklina | 21 May 1922 | list |
| 1032 Pafuri | 30 May 1924 | list |
| 1096 Reunerta | 21 July 1928 | list |
| 1241 Dysona | 4 March 1932 | list |
| 1305 Pongola | 19 July 1928 | list |
| 1595 Tanga | 19 June 1930 | list |
| 1663 van den Bos | 4 August 1926 | list |
| 2193 Jackson | 18 May 1926 | list |
| 3300 McGlasson | 10 July 1928 | list |
| Co-discovery made with: $^A$ C. Jackson |||
# Michael Boehnke

Michael Lee Boehnke is an American geneticist. He is the Richard G. Cornell Distinguished University Professor of Biostatistics at the University of Michigan School of Public Health, where he also directs the Center for Statistical Genetics. His research focuses on the genetic dissection of complex traits; in a career spanning 25 years, he has developed methods for analysis of human pedigrees, examined the history of breast cancer in genetically at risk individuals, and contributed important discoveries on the genetics of type 2 diabetes and related traits, such as obesity and blood lipid levels.

## Early life

Boehnke completed his Bachelor of Arts degree in mathematics from the University of Oregon before applying for a Fulbright Scholarship in Freiburg, Germany. Upon returning to North America, he volunteered in the lab of ecologists Bill Bradshaw and Chris Holzapfel who convinced him to apply for graduate school instead of law school. On their advice, he received his doctoral degree from the University of California, Los Angeles in biomathematics.

## Career

Upon concluding his education, Boehnke joined the faculty at the University of Michigan School of Public Health in 1984. By 1993, he was promoted from associate professor with tenure to professor with tenure.
In 2007, Boehnke collaborated with researchers at deCODE genetics and Mark McCarthy of the University of Oxford to identify seven new genes connected to type 2 diabetes. The groups identified at least four new genetic factors associated with increased risk of diabetes and confirmed the existence of six more. In recognition of the discovery, Science magazine named their discovery as the 2007 breakthrough of the year and Time magazine listed their work among the top 20 medical discoveries of 2007. He was subsequently appointed the Richard G. Cornell Distinguished University Professor of Biostatistics and elected a member of the Institute of Medicine.
After being elected to the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Boehnke co-led an international research team which located 12 more regions on the genome with DNA variants that are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The following year, he discovered that several of the newly discovered genetic variants may increase the risk of developing bipolar disorder, schizophrenia or both. By 2013, Boehnke was a member of another international research team which uncovered 157 changes in human DNA that alter the levels of cholesterol and other blood fats.

## Personal life

Boehnke and his wife Betsy Foxman have three sons together.
# Mociu (river)

The Mociu is a left tributary of the river Fizeș in Romania. It flows into the Fizeș near Geaca. Its length is 11 km (6.8 mi) and its basin size is 44 km$^2$ (17 sq mi).
# Aphanostephus

Aphanostephus (dozedaisy) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.
Aphanostephus is native to Mexico, Guatemala, and the southern United States.

## Species

* Aphanostephus jaliscensis Shinners - Jalisco
* Aphanostephus pachyrrhizus Shinners - Hidalgo, México, Puebla, Veracruz
* Aphanostephus perennis Wooton & Standl. - Chihuahua, New Mexico
* Aphanostephus pilosus Buckley - Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma
* Aphanostephus pinulensis J.M.Coult. ex Donn.Sm. - Guatemala
* Aphanostephus ramosissimus DC. - Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Arizona, northeastern Mexico as far south as Puebla
* Aphanostephus riddellii Torr. & A.Gray - Coahuila, Texas, New Mexico
* Aphanostephus skirrhobasis (DC.) Trel. ex Coville & Branner - southern USA from Texas to Florida + Kansas
# Anzou

Anzou is a small town and rural commune in Azilal Province, Béni Mellal-Khénifra, Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 13,784 people living in 2,021 households.
# Acontarache

Acontarache is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Acontarache somaliensis, is found in Somalia. Both the genus and species were first described by Emilio Berio in 1977.
Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms gives this name as a subgenus of Acontia Ochsenheimer, 1816 and the above species as a synonym of Acontia somaliensis (Berio, 1977).
# Aminosalicylate

An aminosalicylate is a class of medications that is often used to treat ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The class includes among others:
* 4-Aminosalicylic acid
* Balsalazide
* Olsalazine
* Sulfasalazine
* Mesalazine (5-Aminosalicylic acid)
Side effects may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, headaches, and nausea.
# Andrew Probert

Andrew Probert (born 1946 in Independence, Missouri) is an American artist. He is known for his work with the Star Trek franchise, most notably the designs of the USS Enterprise for Star Trek: The Motion Picture and the Enterprise-D for Star Trek: The Next Generation.
After spending some time in the United States Navy, Probert studied at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California.
His first film/TV work was on Glen A. Larson's 1978 ABC miniseries Battlestar Galactica, for which he was recommended by artist Ralph McQuarrie. For Galactica, Andrew contributed the design for the Cylon Centurions.
In 1978, he was hired by Robert Abel and Associates to work on Star Trek: The Motion Picture, where he worked as a concept designer/illustrator. When Abel's group was replaced, Andrew survived the transition to the group of new effects supervisor Douglas Trumbull. Andrew was primarily responsible for designing the human and Vulcan space technology seen in the film, including the refitted starship Enterprise, Space Drydock, Orbital Office Complex, Travel Pod, Work Bee support vehicles, and the Vulcan long range shuttlecraft. His concept sketches for the bridge set of the Klingon battlecruiser set the style for all future Klingon ship interiors.
In 1983, Probert returned to television, working on the pilot episode of Airwolf (1984). He designed the external fuselage attachments for the Airwolf helicopter, based on a Bell 222, as well as both versions of the internal Electronic Data Command Center, the show's iconic logotype and wolf insignia, flight suit costumes and other miscellaneous items within Archangel's office. He also story-boarded most of the aerial sequences on the show for the 2nd Unit team during the series' run from 1984-1986.
In 1984, he worked on Back to the Future, initially drawing storyboards but then continuing the design of the DeLorean time machine that had been started by Ron Cobb.
Also in 1984, he designed the motorcycle for the pilot episode of Street Hawk, which was later redesigned for the series by Ron Cobb.
In 1986, he joined the staff of the then new series Star Trek: The Next Generation where he was initially hired to design the bridge of the new starship, the Enterprise-D. However, after the show's producers saw a speculative Enterprise sketch that Probert had produced he was tasked with designing the starship's exterior as well. During his one season stint on The Next Generation, he also designed the exteriors of virtually every other space vehicle seen in the first year of the show, including the Romulan Warbird.
His film and television work also includes stints on *batteries not included, SpaceCamp, Mask, Tron and The Philadelphia Experiment. He also worked four years as a Show Designer at Walt Disney Imagineering.
On February 6, 2006, Perpetual Entertainment and CBS Media announced that Probert had been employed as an initial design consultant for the first incarnation of the MMOG Star Trek Online.
In May 2013, Probert began communicating with Jamie Anderson, resulting in Conceptual Consulting on Anderson's first book project: GF-1, written by M.G. Harris, continuing into 2015.
# Hapalipini

Hapalipini is a tribe of pleasing fungus beetle in the subfamily Languriinae.

## Taxonomy

Hapalipini contains the following three genera:
* Bolerus Grouvelle, 1919
* Hapalips Reitter, 1877
* Truquiella Champion, 1913
# Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações

Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações (ANACOM) is Portugal's national regulatory authority for the communications sector, for the purposes of relevant Community and national legislation, including electronic communications and postal services. ANACOM also advises and assists the Portuguese Government in sector matters, while retaining its status as an independent administrative entity, with administrative, financial and management autonomy and its own assets.
ANACOM's main tasks are to promote competition in the provision of communications networks and services, ensure transparency in prices and in the conditions governing the use of services and provide efficient management of the radio spectrum. ANACOM is also responsible for supporting the development of markets and of electronic and postal communications networks, for protecting the rights and interests of citizens, and providing Portuguese representation at international bodies relevant to the sector.
ANACOM has its origins in Instituto das Comunicações de Portugal (ICP), which began its activity in 1989 and changed its name to ICP - Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações (ICP-ANACOM) in 2002. The current statutes of ANACOM entered into force in 2015, following approval of the Framework Law of Regulatory Bodies (Framework law for independent administrative entities with functions regulating the economic activity of the private, public and cooperative sector).
The Chair of ANACOM's Board of Directors is Sandra Maximiano (appointed in December 2023). The Board of Directors is also composed by Patrícia Gonçalves and Manuel Cabugueira.

## Prior Presidents

* Fernando Mendes
* Luís Nazaré
* Álvaro Dâmaso
* Pedro Duarte Neves
* José Manuel Amado da Silva
* Fátima Barros
* João Cadete de Matos
# Model-driven application

A model-driven application is a software application that the functions or behaviors are based on, or in control of, some evolutionary applied models of the target things to the application. The applied models are served as a part of the application system in which it can be changed at runtime. The target things are what the application deals with, such as the objects and affairs in business for a business application. Follows the definition of application in TOGAF, a model-driven business application could be described as an IT system that supports business functions and services running on the models of the (things in) business.

## History

The ideal of the architecture for a model-driven application was first put forward by Tong-Ying Yu on the Enterprise Engineering Forum in 1999, which have been studied and spread through some internet media for a long time. It had influence on the field of enterprise application development in China; there were successful cases of commercial development of enterprise/business applications in the architectural style of a model-driven application. Gartner Group carried out some studies into the subject in 2008; they defined the model-driven packaged applications as "enterprise applications that have explicit metadata-driven models of the supported processes, data and relationships, and that generate runtime components through metadata models, either dynamically interpreted or compiled, rather than hardcoded." The model-driven application architecture is one of few technology trends to driven the next generation of application modernization, that claimed by some industrial researchers in 2012.

## Instance

Business process management (BPM) is the significant practice to the model-driven application. According to the definition, a BPM system is model-driven if the functions are operated based on the business process models which are built and changed at the operational time but not the design or implementation time; the biggest advantage is that it can deal with the continuous changing of business process directly without modifying the code of the software.
# NIP30

NIP30 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FAM192A gene.
# Megachile trucis

Megachile trucis is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Mitchell in 1930.
# Anthene georgiadisi

Anthene georgiadisi is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Liberia.