# ANKRD24

Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 24 is a protein in humans that is coded for by the ANKRD24 gene. The gene is also known as KIAA1981. The protein's function in humans is currently unknown. ANKRD24 is in the protein family that contains ankyrin-repeat domains.

## Gene
### Locus

The gene is located on chromosome 19 at p13.3 on the forward strand. The gene is 4041 base pairs in length and contains 29 exons. The gene is neighbored by the gene SIRT6 that encodes for the Sirtuin-6 protein and the EBI3 gene that encodes for the Epstein-Barr virus induced gene 3 protein.

### Expression

The expression pattern of ANKRD24 is uncharacterized. Under conditions of cell growth and proliferation, the expression levels increase. In germ line tumors, glioma, and prostate cancer, the expression is elevated relative to other disease states. During development, the expression level is elevated in the blastocyst stage. In adults, there are elevated levels of expression in the placenta, stomach, kidneys, and eye relative to other tissues. However, the results of experimental gene expression profiles are inconsistent relative to ANKRD24 expression, suggesting redundancy of the gene and its protein product.

## mRNA
### Alternative expression

13 transcription splice variants of ANKRD24 mRNA have been predicted.

## Protein
### General features

The ANKRD24 protein is 1146 amino acids in length, has a molecular weight of 124kDa, and has an isoelectric point of 4.98. The secondary structure is predicted to consist of all alpha helices and to not contain any beta strands. The tertiary structure of the protein is predicted to be a helical twist.

### Composition

ANKRD24 has a relatively high composition of alanine (15.0%), glutamic acid (13.5%), and leucine (11.0%) and a relatively low composition of cysteine (1.5%), phenylalanine (0.7%), tryptophan (0.2%), and tyrosine (0.8%). The protein contains positive run clusters that could be nuclear localization signals. The protein does not have any significant negative charge clusters and no significant charge patterns.

### Subcellular localization

The ANKRD24 protein is predicted to localize in the nucleus of cells.

### Domains

ANKRD24 is in the protein family that contains ankyrin-repeat domains. Ankyrin repeats are known for mediating protein-protein interactions. The protein also contains two coiled-coil regions.

### Post-translational modification

ANKRD24 is predicted to undergo C-mannosylation.

### Interacting proteins

ANKRD24 is predicted to interact with disks large homolog 4 (DLG4), eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1-alpha 1 (EEF1A1), unc-119 homolog A (UNC119), replication timing regulatory factor 1 (RIF1), protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons 1 (PACSIN1), nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit (NFKB1), cholest-5-ene-3β,7α-diol 3β-dehydrogenase (HSD3B7), lethal giant larvae homolog 2 (L2GL2), and glucocorticoid induced 1 (GLC)CI1. No characterization of these interactions has yet to be observed.

### Homology

ANKRD24 has no human paralogs. Orthologous proteins are found in other organisms. The following table represents some of the orthologs found using searches in BLAST and BLAT. However, this list is not exhaustive for the orthologs of ANKRD24 and is only meant to display the wide diversity of species for which orthologs of ANKRD24 can be found.
| | Genus species | Common Name | Date of Divergence (MYA) | Accession # (Nucleotide) | Accession # (Protein) | Sequence Length (bp) | Sequence Length (aa) | E value | Sequence Identity (%) | Sequence Similarity (%) |
| 1 | Homo sapiens | Humans | 0 | NM_133475.1 | NP_597732.1 | 4041 | 1146 | | 100 | 100 |
| 2 | Nomascus leucogenys | Northern white-cheeked gibbon | 19.9 | XM_012503370.1 | XP_012358824.1 | 3675 | 1165 | 0 | 95 | 96 |
| 3 | Otolemur garnettii | Small-eared galago | 75.9 | XM_012804592.1 | XP_012660046.1 | 4181 | 1035 | 0 | 83 | 87 |
| 4 | Trichechus manatus latirostris | Florida Manatee | 105 | XM_004378459.1 | ] | 3354 | 1117 | 0 | 81 | 86 |
| 5 | Eptesicus fuscus | Big brown bat | 97.5 | XM_008150610.1 | XP_008148832.1 | 3369 | 1122 | 0 | 80 | 84 |
| 6 | Ailuropoda melanoleuca | Giant panda | 97.5 | XM_002928471.2 | XP_002928517.1 | 3729 | 1116 | 0 | 80 | 84 |
| 7 | Loxodonta africana | African savanna elephant | 105 | XM_003421925.2 | XP_003421973.1 | 4049 | 1345 | 0 | 79 | 85 |
| 8 | Octodon degus | Degu | 90.9 | XM_004632746.1 | XP_004632803.1 | 3381 | 1126 | 0 | 79 | 84 |
| 9 | Chrysochloris asiatica | Cape golden mole | 105 | XM_006869037.1 | XP_006869099.1 | 3747 | 1248 | 0 | 78 | 85 |
| 10 | Orcinus orca | Killer Whale | 97.5 | XM_004277648.2 | XP_004277696.1 | 3482 | 1079 | 0 | 77 | 82 |
| 11 | Chelonia mydas | Green sea turle | 320.5 | XM_007072230.1 | XP_007072292 | 3051 | 1016 | 9.00E-178 | 63 | 77 |
| 12 | Ficedula albicollis | Collared flycatcher | 320.5 | XM_005060250.1 | XP_005060307 | 1885 | 621 | 2.00E-171 | 60 | 74 |
| 13 | Gekko Japonicus | Japanese gecko | 320.5 | XM_015410656.1 | XP_015266142 | 3057 | 1019 | 3.00E-175 | 58 | 75 |
| 14 | Python bivittatus | Burmese python | 320.5 | XM_007434390 | XP_007434452 | 3192 | 1063 | 1.00E-167 | 58 | 75 |
| 15 | Falco cherrug | Saker falcon | 320.5 | XM_014277718.1 | XP_014133193 | 1431 | 476 | 0 | 57 | 71 |
| 16 | Stegastes partitus | Bicolor damselfish | 429.6 | XM_008295305.1 | XP_008293527.1 | 3629 | 1095 | 2.00E-90 | 41 | 55 |
| 17 | Trichomonas vaginalis G3 | Trichomonas vaginalis | 2040 | XM_001329224.1 | XP_001329259 | 774 | 257 | 2.00E-24 | 34 | 54 |
| 18 | Ciona intestinalis | Vase tunicate | 733 | XM_009863371.1 | XP_009861673 | 3156 | 956 | 9.00E-24 | 32 | 48 |
| 19 | Talaromyces stipitatus | Fungi | 1302.5 | XM_002486774.1 | XP_002486819.1 | 3216 | 1071 | 3.00E-18 | 32 | 51 |
| 20 | Cryptococcus neoformans | Yeast | 1302.5 | XM_012197089.1 | XP_012052479.1 | 943 | 236 | 3.00E-16 | 32 | 51 |