# Timeline of The Hague

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of The Hague, Netherlands,

## Prior to 19th century

* ca.1230 - Hunting lodge established by Floris IV, Count of Holland.
* ca.1280 - Chapel built in the Binnenhof (approximate date).
* ca.1290 - Completion of the Ridderzaal building in the Binnenhof by Floris V, Count of Holland.
* ca.1380 - Civic Guard of The Hague established, the Saint George Archers Guild.
* 1397 - Cloister Church erected.
* 15th C. - Sint-Jacobskerk (church) building expanded.
* 1446 - Staten-Generaal (parliament) begins meeting in the Binnenhof.
* 1456 - Order of the Golden Fleece meets in The Hague for their 9th chapter.
* 1467 - Charles the Bold inaugurated in The Hague as Count of Holland.
* 1479 - Wolfert VI of Borselen and Reyner of Broeckhuysen conquer and plunder The Hague.
* 1489 - Francis of Brederode conquers The Hague and puts it to ransom.
* 1494 - Saint Laurence chamber of rhetoric active.
* 1516 - Printing press in operation.
* 1527 - The Hague becomes "the seat of the supreme court in Holland."
* 1528 - Maarten van Rossum, field marshal of Charles, Duke of Guelders, sacks The Hague.
* 1565 - Town Hall built.
* 1573 - During the Siege of Leiden the Spanish general Francisco de Valdez has his headquarters in The Hague.
* 1584 - The Hague becomes "the place of assembly of the States of Holland and of the States-general."
* 1595 - Noordeinde Palace purchased.
* 1603 - Treaty of The Hague, between Enno III, Count of East Frisia and the rebellious city of Emden.
* 1619 - Execution of statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt.
* 1644 - Mauritshuis (residence) built.
* 1646 - Huis ten Bosch (palace) built.
* 1651 - Great Assembly (Netherlands) [nl] held.
* 1653 - Scheveningseweg [nl] (Scheveningen-The Hague) road built.
* 1656
** Nieuwe Kerk (church) built.
** Confrerie Pictura (artists' group) formed.
* 1658 - Huygens invents the pendulum clock.
* 1659 - Concert of The Hague (1659)
* 1672 - 20 August: Lynching of Cornelis and Johan de Witt.
* 1681 - Boterwaag (weigh house for butter) built.
* 1701 - Treaty of The Hague, between England, the Holy Roman Empire, and the United Provinces, creating an alliance against France.
* 1708 - 'Gravenhaagsche Courant newspaper in publication.
* 1720 - Treaty of The Hague, ending the War of the Quadruple Alliance.
* 1726 - Honen Dal Synagogue [nl] built.
* 1747 - William IV, Prince of Orange moves to The Hague.
* 1750 - Scheurleer [nl]'s circulating library in business.
* 1764 - Lange Voorhout Palace built.
* 1772 - Kunstliefde Spaart geen Vlijt literary society formed.
* 1774 - Prince William V Gallery established, the first public museum of the Netherlands
* 1793 - Diligentia (society) founded.
* 1795
** 31 January: Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, in The Hague, by the revolutionary Patriots, similar to the French declaration of 1789.
** 16 May: French-Batavian treaty signed in The Hague.
* 1798 - Royal Library of the Netherlands established.

## 19th century

* 1804 - Scheurleer & Zoonen in business.
* 1806 - Granted city rights by Louis Bonaparte
* 1814 - Staatscourant newspaper begins publication.
* 1816 - Royal Cabinet of Rarities founded by King William I of the Netherlands.
* 1822 - Mauritshuis re-established.
* 1823 - Metal Factory of Enthoven opens.
* 1824 - Lodewijk Constantijn Rabo Copes van Cattenburch [nl] becomes mayor.
* 1838
** Supreme Court of the Netherlands headquartered in The Hague.
** Gymnasium Haganum (school) active.
* 1844 - Synagogue, The Hague [nl] built on Wagenstraat.
* 1845 - William of Orange monument [nl] erected on Noordeinde, The Hague [nl].
* 1852 - Museum Meermanno-Westreenianum established.
* 1853 - Martinus Nijhoff Publishers in business.
* 1855 - Pander & Son founded, an aircraft and furniture factory.
* 1863 - Haagse Dierentuin [nl] (zoo) established.
* 1866 - Kunstmuseum Den Haag established.
* 1869 - Monument erected in the Plein 1813 [nl].
* 1870s - Artistic "Hague School" style of painting active.
* 1870
** Gouda–Den Haag railway begins operating.
** Station Den Haag Staatsspoor [nl] (train station) opens.
* 1872 - Hague Congress of the International Workingmen's Association.
* 1878 - James the Greater Church (The Hague) [nl] built on Parkstraat [nl].
* 1881 - 1 August: Panorama Mesdag opens.
* 1882 - The Prisongate Museum opens.
* 1883 - Rozenburg Earthenware factory established.
* 1884 - Hague Municipal Archive [nl] established.
* 1885
** Hague Passage [nl] shopping arcade opens.
** Grand Hotel Central [nl] in business.
* 1887 - Museum Mesdag opens.
* 1890 - Royal (restaurant) in business.
* 1893 - Hague Conference on Private International Law
* 1898 - Nationale Tentoonstelling van Vrouwenarbeid 1898
* 1899
** International peace conference held in The Hague.
** Permanent Court of Arbitration established.
* 1900 - Population: 212,211.

## 20th century

* 1903 - Haagsche Commissie Bank [nl] established.
* 1904
** Residentie Orchestra formed.
** Museum for Education founded, since renamed to Museon.
* 1905 - ADO Den Haag football club formed.
* 1907
** International peace conference held in The Hague.
** Anglo-Dutch Royal Dutch Shell company and its Bataafse Petroleum Maatschappij headquartered in city.
* 1913 - Peace Palace built.
* 1914 - Belgian World War I refugees arrive in The Hague. Thousands would follow.
* 1917
** Hundreds of British soldiers arrive in The Hague, to recover from the stress of their detainment in camps.
** The House of Lords (restaurant) in business.
* 1918 - Townley Hall built in The Hague, barracks for 1,200 detained British soldiers and officers. Named after Sir Walter Beaupré Townley, a British diplomat.
* 1919 - Population: 359,610.
* 1921 - Asta cinema opens.
* 1922
** 15 June: Museum Bredius founded.
** 22 July: International Permanent Court of Arbitration begins operating from its headquarters in The Hague.
* 1923 - The Hague Academy of International Law established.
* 1925 - Zuiderpark Stadion (stadium) opens.
* 1929 - Netherlands Postal Museum opens, since renamed to COMM
* 1935 - Gemeentemuseum Den Haag (museum for modern art) opens.
* 1940 - 10 May: Battle for The Hague.People celebrating the liberation of the Netherlands at the end of World War II on 8 May 1945
* 1945 - 3 March: Bombing of the Bezuidenhout.
* 1946 - United Nations International Court of Justice headquartered in The Hague.
* 1947 - Haagse Comedie [nl] established.
* 1948 - Congress of Europe in The Hague.
* 1950 - White Bridge (The Hague) [nl] rebuilt.
* 1952 - International Institute of Social Studies established.
* 1954 - Nederlands Letterkundig Museum [nl] founded.
* 1955 - Mobarak Mosque built.
* 1959 - Nederlands Dans Theater founded.
* 1966 - July: Death of Hsu Tsu-tsai.
* 1969 - World Forum Convention Center opens.
* 1971 - International Federation of Library Associations headquartered in city.
* 1973 - Den Haag Centraal railway station built.
* 1974 - 13 September: 1974 French Embassy attack in The Hague.
* 1976 - Eurovision Song Contest 1976 held in The Hague.
* 1979 - Assassination of Richard Sykes (British diplomat).
* 1980 - Population: 456,886 municipality.
* 1981 - Filmhouse The Hague (arthouse) opens.Protest against the deployment of Pershing II missiles in Europe, Hague, 1983
* 1982 - National Library of the Netherlands building opens.
* 1983 - 29 October: Demonstration against placement of cruise missiles in Woensdrecht Air Base.
* 1984 - Korzo Theater for experimental dance and music founded.
* 1985 - Trekvlietbrug (bridge) built.
* 1986 - Historical Museum of The Hague opens
* 1987
** Koolhaas's deconstructivist-style Lucent Danstheater [nl] built for the Netherlands Dance Theatre troupe.
** The Hague University of Applied Sciences established.
* 1991 - International Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization headquartered in The Hague.
* 1992 - 16 September: Pension de Vogel homeless hostel fire.
* 1994
** Beelden aan Zee (sculpture museum) opens.
** Kinderboekenmuseum founded.
* 1995
** The Hague City Hall new building constructed.
** Yi Jun Peace Museum opens.
* 1996 - Wim Deetman becomes mayor.
* 1998
** Europol established in The Hague.
** Calla's restaurant in business.
* 1999 - Museum voor Communicatie [nl] active.

## 21st century

* 2002
** Eurojust established in The Hague.
** Regio Randstad regional governance group and Escher Museum established.
** Fotomuseum Den Haag (museum for photography) opened.
** Escher Museum opens.
* 2003
** Hoftoren hi-rise built.
** International Criminal Court established in The Hague.
** Population: 463,826.
* 2004 - Police raid a safehouse of terrorist organization Hofstad Network.
* 2006 - The Hague Jazz fest begins.
* 2007
** Regional RandstadRail 3 begins operating.
** Kyocera Stadion (stadium) opens.
** Het Strijkijzer hi-rise built.
** Humanity House opens.
* 2008 - Jozias van Aartsen becomes mayor.
* 2011
** The Hague Institute for Global Justice established.
** Huygens Institute for the History of the Netherlands established.
** De Kroon hi-rise built.
* 2013 - Population: 505,856 municipality.
* 2014
** March: International 2014 Nuclear Security Summit held in city.
** Population: 510,909 municipality; 2,261,844 metro region.
* 2017 - Pauline Krikke becomes mayor.

## Images

* Mauritshaus, built 1644 (photo from 1903)
* Haagse Dierentuin (zoo), established in 1863 (drawing from 1910)
* Wilhelmsplein monument, erected 1869
* Delegates of the First International Peace Conference at The Hague, 1899
* Lucent Danstheater, built 1987 (photo from 2007)