OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vaskilintu

Vaskilintu (Finnish: The Brass Bird or The Copper Bird or The Bronze Bird) is a 1992 historical novel by Finnish author Kaari Utrio. It is set in 11th century Europe. Vaskilintu and Tuulihaukka (1995) are considered to be Utrio's most important works.
Vaskilintu has been translated into German (Bronzevogel, 1998), Polish (Miedziany ptak, 1997) and Estonian (Vasklind, 1994). There exists an English translation of the book.

## Plot summary

A Finnish noblegirl with abilities of casting spells, Terhen of Arantila, gets mingled with royalty of Sweden, and follows in a retinue to the Court of Novgorod in Russia, where the sister of the Swedish King is to marry the Grand Duke of Novgorod (Kievan Rus). Along the journey to Novgorod an accident happens and Terhen replaces a young Swedish princess Thorgerd. The young girl has odd experiences when she meets Finno-Ugric tribe Muroma along her travel.
Years go by, and the Grand Duke of Novgorod allows a Roman (Greek) dignitary Skleros, envoy of the Emperor of Byzant, to marry the young lady. Her new Greek name is despoina Theodora Hyperborea. In Constantinople, Theodora (a rising Imperial lady-in-waiting) gives birth to two sons, Georgios to her first husband Skleros, and Juvalos ('Olaf'), with her Varangian lover Eirik Väkevä, a Swedish noble.
The widowed Theodora is sent to steward Anna Jaroslavna, daughter of the Grand Duke of Kievan Rus, throughout Europe to her future husband King Henry I of France. Theodora has strange experiences when she meets Magyar tribes along her journey. She possesses the ability to stop bleeding when necessary, and cast weather spells. In France Theodora marries a brutal Norman knight Roger of Meilhan, and settles in his small castle in Normandy. Her teenage son, Greek count Juvalos has to flee the vile stepfather.
Anna Jaroslavna, the Queen of France, assigns the widowed Theodora to steward the Anglo-Saxon royal couple, Edward the Exile and Agatha, to the court of Edward the Confessor in England. After some vicissitudes, Theodora's old love Eirik and her son Juvalos meet her in England. Terhen and Eirik finally decide to tie the knot. They move to Finland, to live in Terhen's home manor Arantila.
# Relay league

A relay league is a chain of message forwarding stations in a system of optical telegraphs, radio telegraph stations, or riding couriers. Early 19th century methods of this type evolved into the electrical telegraph networks of the mid-to-late 19th century.

## Radio relay leagues

Radio amateurs have been early in arranging relay leagues, as is reflected in the name of the organization of American Radio Relay League (ARRL).
Radio amateur message relay operations were originally conducted in the first two decades of the 20th century using Morse code via spark-gap transmitters. As vacuum tubes became affordable, operations shifted to more efficient manual telegraphy transmitters, referred to as CW (Continuous wave). Messages were relayed station-to-station, typically involving four or more re-transmission cycles to cover the continental United States, in an organized system of amateur radio networks. After World War II, voice and radioteletype implementations of the message relay system were employed.
# Vaughan Alden Bass

Vaughan Alden Bass was an American painter of pin-up art.
Bass was a Chicago artist who started his career working for the Louis F. Dow Company in St. Paul during the mid-1930s. Bass created his own pin-ups for Brown & Bigelow, but he worked for Dow as a "paint over" artist, redoing work that other artists (notably Gil Elvgren) had done for the company.
Bass' style was often compared with that of Elvgren, Al Buell, and Joyce Ballantyne. In the late 1950s, Bass did a series of wrestling scenes that demonstrated his comfort with any subject matter. He created the Wonder Bread Girl in the 1950s; the Wonder Bread girl, is modeled after his own daughter. His portrait of President Dwight D. Eisenhower is in the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.
# Vaughan, West Virginia

Vaughan is an unincorporated community in Nicholas County, in the U.S. state of West Virginia.

## History

A post office called Vaughan was established in 1893, and remained in operation until 1958. The community was named after Arthur L. Vaughan, a local merchant who was instrumental in securing the town a post office.
# Requesens

Requesens is a Catalan surname. It may refer to:

## People

* Galceran de Requesens y Santa Coloma, Catalan nobleman
* Several people with the name Lluís de Requesens
* Luis de Zúñiga y Requesens (1528—1576), Spanish politician and diplomat
* Juan de Zúñiga y Requesens (d.1586), Spanish diplomat, viceroy of Naples
* Juan Requesens (b.1989), Venezuelan politician
* Pedro III Fajardo de Zúñiga y Requesens (1602–1647), Spanish soldier and aristocrat
* Rafaela Requesens (b.1992), Venezuelan activist

## Places

* Requesens Castle, Alt Empordà, Catalonia
# Vats-houll

Vats-houll is a settlement in northwestern Whalsay in the parish of Nesting in the Shetland islands of Scotland. The village overlooks the loch of the same name on the northwestern bank. An unroofed structure at Vats-houll on the bank of the loch was shown on the 1st edition of the OS 6-inch map of Orkney & Shetland in 1882.
# Reliquary of the Santo Corporale

The Reliquary of the Santo Corporale (Holy Corporal) of Bolsena is a medieval artwork made by Sienese goldsmith Ugolino di Vieri in 1337-1338. The reliquary is made of gold-plated silver and enamel and is c.139 cm high. The reliquary was recently transferred to the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo di Orvieto (MODO or Museum of the Works of the Cathedral) from the Cathedral of Orvieto itself where it had been from the time of its creation.

## Description

The reliquary of the Santo Corporale is considered to be one of the most important 14th century metal works from Siena. It is a gothic miniature inspired by northern European models showing the facade of the Orvieto Cathedral. The reliquary contains three vertical sections like the cathedral facade, but its typanum are much more acute. In addition, it contains a series of pinnacles surmounted by golden statues; this indicates a northern European influence as these details are generally not part of Italian architecture. Such influences from north of the Alps can frequently be seen in Italian gold and silver work of this era. Additional statues can be found at the base of the reliquary and on top is a jeweled cross.
The reliquary is considered to be important artistically also because it contains the earliest extant painted translucent enamels. Thirty-two scenes in painted enamels represent the Stories of the Corporal and the Passion of Christ, created with a very contemporary style. Elaborate architectural sections, moving gothic lines, and great attention to fine detail show a strong affinity to panel painting of the era, including to artists like Simone Martini as well as the contemporary artists Pietro and Ambrogio Lorenzetti. With a taste even more markedly gothic it is a fundamental example of pictorial art of the Sienese school. Blue is the dominant background color from which stand out points of brilliant yellow, green, and red which render the scenes perfectly legibile.
The reliquary was created to house a linen liturgical cloth, a corporal, onto which appeared the blood of Christ from a consecrated host, and it was designed to house also the host itself. This event is reported to have occurred during a Mass celebrated in Bolsena by a skeptical Bohemian priest in late 1263 or 1264.

## Image gallery

* Christ teaching the apostles
* Resurrection
# Relocker

A relocker is one of various mechanisms intended to keep a safe or vault locked in a burglary attempt.
There are two basic classes of relockers:
* Relock trigger (RLT), an internal relocker built into the primary lock
* Relocking device (RLD), an external relocker, which is a separate mechanism installed in the safe
# Vegetation (pathology)

In medicine, a vegetation is an abnormal growth named for its similarity to natural vegetation. Vegetations are often associated with endocarditis. They can be made of fibrin and platelets.

## Types

Certain conditions are associated with specific vegetation patterns:
| Condition | Size | Infective? |
| Infective endocarditis related to Staphylococcus aureus | Generally large | Yes |
| Rheumatic fever related to Streptococcus pyogenes | Typically small | |
| Libman–Sacks endocarditis related to systemic lupus erythematosus | Small | No (sterile) |
| Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) | Small | No (sterile) |
# Veerabhadran

Veerabhadran is a 1979 Indian Malayalam film, directed by N. Sankaran Nair and produced by L. N. Potti. The film stars Sukumari, Hari, Ambika and Lalu Alex in the lead roles. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan.

## Cast

* Sukumari
* Hari
* Ambika
* Lalu Alex
* Nellikode Bhaskaran
* Ushakumari
* Rama

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by G. Devarajan and the lyrics were written by L. N. Potti.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Kanna Kanna" | Rajalakshmi | L. N. Potti |
| 2 | "Karakaanaakkadal" | Suryakumar | L. N. Potti |
| 3 | "Premanjanakkuri" | Rajalakshmi | L. N. Potti |
| 4 | "Vadaamallippoovukale" | Suryakumar | L. N. Potti |
# Vatnsstígur 16-18

Vatnsstígur 16–18 is a residential tower located in downtown Reykjavík, Iceland. It is a part of a larger project called "shadow district" (Icelandic: Skuggahverfi) under phase 2. This tower is the tallest residential tower in Reykjavík, standing 69.35 m (227.5 ft) tall. Construction of phase 2 was delayed due to the financial crisis in 2008, and therefore was not completed on schedule.
# Remsen, New York (disambiguation)

Remsen, New York is the name of two locations in Oneida County, New York, United States:
* Remsen (village), New York
* Remsen (town), New York
# Vedensky

Vedensky (masculine), Vedenskaya (feminine), or Vedenskoye (neuter) may refer to:
* Vedensky District, a district of the Chechen Republic, Russia
* Vedensky (inhabited locality) (Vedenskaya, Vedenskoye), name of several rural localities in Russia
# Vedergällningen

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
Vedergällningen (The Retribution) is Garmarna's third full-length album. All the songs are sung in Swedish. "Euchari" also contains some Latin.

## Track listing

* "Gamen (The Vulture)" – 4:01
* "Euchari" – 4:21
* "Halling Jåron" – 3:03
* "Vedergällningen (The Retribution)" – 4:55
* "Nio år (Nine Years)" – 4:29
* "Sorgsen ton (Sorrowful Tone)" – 4:47
* "Herr Holkin (Sir Holkin)" – 5:17
* "Bläck (Ink)" – 5:05
* "Polska" – 3:07
* "Brun (Brown)" – 8:28

## Credits

* drums: Jens Höglin
* guitar: Rickard Westman
* Guitar, violin: Gotte Ringqvist, Stefan Brisland-Ferner
* production, arrangement, bass: Sank
* vocals: Emma Härdelin

## Charts

Chart performance for Vedergällningen :
| Chart (1999) | Peak position |
| Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan) | 40 |
# Resolution Rupes

Resolution Rupes is an escarpment on Mercury approximately 190 kilometers long located in the southern hemisphere of Mercury. Discovered by the Mariner 10 spacecraft in 1974, it was formed by a thrust fault, thought to have occurred due to the shrinkage of the planet's core as it cooled over time.
Resolution Rupes has an arcuate shape with the scarp face on convex side of the arc. It has a relief of about 0.9 km and is situated between Adventure Rupes and Discovery Rupes. These three scarps lie on a large arc extending for more than 1000 km. Resolution Rupes is separated from Adventure Rupes by a high relief ridge informally called Rabelais Dorsum, which crosscuts the scarps. This means that Resolution Rupes and Adventure Rupes may be parts of one large structure similar in length to Discovery Rupes.
The scarp is named after HMS Resolution, one of James Cook's ships on his second voyage to the Pacific, 1772–1775.
# Rena Gasimova

Rena Tofiq Gasimova (born 1961) is an Azerbaijani computer scientist, who holds the position of Sector Chief at the national Information Technology Institute (AMEA İnformasiya Texnologiyaları İnstitutu).

## Career

Gasimova graduated in 1985 from the Faculty of Automatics and Computer Science, Azerbaijan Polytechnic Institute named after Ch. Ildirim.
From 1985 until her present appointment she worked for the ACS Department of Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences. She worked to develop systems for various purposes, such as a database management system "The Court of Auditors, the corporate information system "Personnel". She took part in the creation of the www.science.az portal of ANAS. She carried out research on the implementation of technology in Azerbaijan, carrying out maintenance and analysis of multidimensional databases to support decision-making. She also involved in the study of methods and algorithms for control and learning (data mining) in corporate network environment, and investigated methods of analysis of aggregate data in operational systems, analytical processing (OLAP - On-Line Analytical Processing), based on a large distributed information resources. Currently she is engaged in investigating the issues of forming a knowledge base of domain names related to interests of the Republic of Azerbaijan. She is the author of more than 38 scientific papers, 28 of them published in scientific publications.
She is engaged in training activities in the Training Innovation Center of the Information Technology Institute, and she currently holds the post of Sector Chief at the institute.
# Rena Joshita

Rena Joshita (城下 麗奈, Jōshita Rena, born 2 April 1986 in Kanagawa Prefecture) is a retired Japanese hurdler. She reached the final of the 2010 Asian Games in the 100 metres hurdles. She was also the former Japanese university record holder (13.26 seconds, set in 2009) in the 100 metres hurdles.

## Personal best

| Event | Time (s) | Competition | Venue | Date |
| 100 m hurdles | 13.25 (wind: +1.9 m/s) | Japanese Championships | Marugame, Japan | 5 June 2010 |

## International competition

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Time | Notes |
| Representing Japan |||||||
| 2004 | Asian Junior Championships | Ipoh, Malaysia | 6th | 100 m hurdles | 14.34 | |
| 2010 | Asian Games | Guangzhou, China | — | 100 m hurdles | DNS | 8th (h): 13.43 (wind: +0.9 m/s) |
# Vekaria State

Vekaria is a village and former non-salute princely state on Saurashtra peninsula in Gujarat, western India.

## History

Vekaria was a petty princely state in Sorath prant in Western Kathiawar, comprising solely the village, ruled by Kathi Chieftains.
It had a population of 595 in 1901, yielding a state revenue of 6,105 Rupees (1903-4, nearly all from land) and paying a tribute of 55 Rupees, to the Gaekwar Baroda State.

## External links and Sources

History
* Imperial Gazetteer, on dsal.uchicago.edu - Kathiawar
* This Indian history-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Vema (mollusc)

Vema is a genus of deep-sea molluscs, monoplacophorans. The genus is named after the oceanographic Research Vessel Vema.
All Vema species have six pairs of gills.

## Species

* Vema bacescui (Menzies, 1968)
* Vema ewingi (Clarke & Menzies, 1959)
* Vema levinae Warén, 1996
* Vema occidua B. A. Marshall, 2006
# Velázquez (Madrid Metro)

Velázquez is a station on Line 4 of the Madrid Metro, located near the Calle de Velázquez. It is located in fare Zone A.

## History

The station opened to the public on 23 March 1944. It was built as part of the extension of Line 4 between Argüelles and Goya.
# Revolutionary Spring

Revolutionary Spring: Fighting for a New World 1848–1849 is a book written by Christopher Clark and published by the Crown Books division of Penguin Random House in 2023. It explores the history of the European revolutions of 1848.

## Structure

Work begins with an introduction by the author and is followed by nine chapters and a conclusion plus appendices and indexes.
* Introduction
* Social Questions
* Conjecture of Order
* Confrontation
* Detonations
* Regime Change
* Emancipations
* Entropy
* Counter-revolution
* After 1848
* Conclusion

## Reviews

* Green, A. (2023), "A panoramic account of the continent-wide outbreak of revolutions in 1848", The Times Literary Supplement, retrieved 17 July 2023
* Heffer, S. (2023), "The link between French revolutionaries, Italian rebels – and Brexiteers", The Telegraph, retrieved 17 July 2023
* Malik, K. (2023), "Revolutionary Spring by Christopher Clark review – the revolts that reshaped Europe", The Guardian, retrieved 17 July 2023
* Sandbrook, D. (2023), "Revolutionary Spring by Christopher Clark review — what can 1848 teach us?", The Times, retrieved 17 July 2023
* Zevin, A. (2023), "The Only Revolutions That Matter", The New York Times, retrieved 17 July 2023
* "Revolutionary Spring — how 1848 shaped the modern world", The Financial Times, 2023, retrieved 17 July 2023
* Sebestyen, V. (2023), "When nationalism was woke", The Critic, retrieved 17 July 2023
* ""Revolutionary Spring" brings to life the drama and daring of 1848", The Economist, retrieved 17 July 2023
* "The Revolutions of 1848 Should Be a Historical Touchstone for Socialists Today", The Jacobin, retrieved 17 July 2023

## Publication history

* Hardcover and ebook: Revolutionary Spring: Fighting for a New World 1848–1849. Crown Publishing Group. 2023.
* Audiobook: Revolutionary Spring: Fighting for a New World 1848–1849. Penguin Random House Audio. 2023.

## About the author

Sir Christopher Munro Clark FBA (born 14 March 1960) is an Australian historian living in the United Kingdom and Germany. He is the twenty-second Regius Professor of History at the University of Cambridge. In the 2015 Birthday Honours, he was knighted for his services to Anglo-German relations.

## Similar or related works

* The Pursuit of Power by Richard J. Evans
* The Age of Revolution: 1789-1848 by Eric Hobsbawm
# Venturer-class minesweeper

The Venturer-class minesweepers were naval trawlers converted from fishing trawlers to minesweeper service for the Royal Navy in 1978.
There were 2 members of the class:
* HMS Venturer - originally Suffolk Harvester
* HMS St David - originally Suffolk Monarch
They reverted to their former names and owner in November 1983 and were converted into oil rig safety/standby vessels.
# Verbesina minuticeps

Verbesina minuticeps is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is found only in Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Rhizobium leguminosarum

Rhizobium leguminosarum is a bacterium which lives in a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with legumes, and has the ability to fix free nitrogen from the air. R. leguminosarum has been very thoroughly studied—it has been the subject of more than a thousand publications.

## Morphology

Rhizobium leguminosarum is a Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium.

## Common biovars

Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii, and R. leguminosarum biovar viciae are the most commonly studied biovars of R. leguminosarum, with certain studies seemingly treating R. trifolii as its own species.

## Fatty acid synthesis

Rhizobium leguminosarum's acyl carrier protein differs from most ACPs by having a C-terminus extension. This ACP is also used in the synthesis of unusually long ACPs which themselves are then used in the synthesis of the R. leguminosarum nod factor.

## Uses

R. leguminosarum is widely used in the inoculation of legume seeds. The sv. trifolii strain U204 is commercially used to inoculate white and red clover in particular, but better strains for this purpose are being developed.
Research has been carried out into the role that R. leguminosarum could play in promoting growth of canola and lettuce.
# Revanche (album)

Revanche (In English: Revenge) is the sixth album from the Brazilian rock band, Fresno, released in 2010, through Universal Music. The album is heavier, musically and lyrically, than their previous album "Redenção".
The album has 13 tracks, ranging from heavy rock to romantic ballads. The album had two singles: "Deixa o tempo" and "Eu Sei". The lyrics are mostly about love and obstacles in life. The musics and the lyrics has much in common with the album's title, it's like a revenge of Fresno, as an answer to all those who criticize the band.

## Cover

The album cover is a sky with many shining stars, like the space.

## Tour

A tour promoting the album will start in Porto Alegre on September 26, 2010.

## Sales

In the fourth week Top 30 CDs Sales of Hot 100 Brasil, the album reached the top position.
| Sales chart (2010) | Peak position |
| Brazil Hot 100 Brasil - Top 30 CDs Sales | 1 |
| Portugal Hot 100 Portugal - Top 30 CDs Sales | 1 |
# Rhizedra

Rhizedra is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

## Species

* Rhizedra lutosa (Hübner, [1803])
# Rhizaxinella

Rhizaxinella is a genus of sponges belonging to the family Suberitidae.
The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.
Species:
* Rhizaxinella arborescens Thiele, 1898
* Rhizaxinella australiensis Hentschel, 1909
* Rhizaxinella biseta Topsent, 1904
# Venustatrochus malaita

Venustatrochus malaita is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Calliostomatidae within the superfamily Trochoidea, the top snails, turban snails and their allies.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Solomon Islands.