OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vats, Rogaland

Vats or Vatne is a village in Vindafjord municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The village is located in the traditional district of Haugalandet between the southern end of the lake Vatsvatnet and the northern end of the Vatsfjorden. It sits about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southwest of the village of Sandeid and about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) southeast of the village of Skjold. Vats Church is located in this village.
The village was the administrative center of the old municipality of Vats from 1891 until the municipality's dissolution in 1965.
The village area is an important industrial location. The oil platforms Statfjord, Gullfaks and Troll were all built here. The Norwegian computer and software company Hatteland Group responsible for the AutoStore system is also headquartered in the village.
# 1992 in the environment

This is a list of notable events relating to the environment in 1992. They relate to environmental law, conservation, environmentalism and environmental issues.

## Events

* The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change supplementary report of 1992 was published to contribute to the debate on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change at the 1992 Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro.
* Henry W. Kendall, a former chair of the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) board of directors, wrote "World Scientists' Warning to Humanity", which begins: "Human beings and the natural world are on a collision course." A majority of the Nobel Prize laureates in the sciences signed the document; about 1,700 of the world's leading scientists appended their signature.
* A moratorium is placed on the Northern Cod fishery by the Canadian government after a collapse in the annual harvested quantity.

### January

* A storm in the North Pacific Ocean causes a shipping container containing 28,800 Friendly Floatees to be washed aboard. The resulting flotsam was later used to track ocean currents.

### March

* The Mingbulak oil spill was a massive terrestrial oil spill at the Mingbulak oil field in the Fergana Valley, Uzbekistan. It was the worst oil spill in the history of Asia and the oil coming out of the well caught fire and burnt for two months.

### April

* The Katina P, a Greek oil tanker carrying 72,000 tonnes of oil, sank off the Mozambique coast.

### May

* The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, usually known simply as the Basel Convention, enters into force. It is an international treaty that was designed to reduce the movements of hazardous waste between nations, and specifically to prevent transfer of hazardous waste from developed to less developed countries.

### June

* The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the Rio Summit, Rio Conference, Earth Summit (Portuguese: Eco '92) was a major United Nations conference held in Rio de Janeiro.
* The Amendment Act on Reduction of Total Amount of Nitrogen Dioxide and Particulate Matters Originating from Automobiles in Designated Areasis passed in Japan, setting the maximum emissions of nitrogen dioxide (NOx) and particulate matters(PMs) allowed by trucks, buses, and diesel passenger vehicles.

### September

* The Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR) concludes in Paris, creating the OSPAR Commission.

### December

* The Aegean Sea oil tanker exploded and caused an oil spill off the coast of Spain.
# The Emperor of the East

The Emperor of the East is a Caroline era stage play, a tragicomedy written by Philip Massinger and first published in 1632. The play provides an interesting example of the treatment of the Roman Catholic sacrament of confession in English Renaissance theatre.

## Performance

The Emperor of the East was licensed for performance by Sir Henry Herbert, the Master of the Revels, on 11 March 1631. The play was performed by the King's Men at both of their theatres, the Blackfriars and the Globe; the company also acted the play at Court.

## Publication

The play was published in quarto in 1632, printed by Thomas Harper for the bookseller John Waterson. Massinger dedicated the play to John Lord Mohun, Baron of Okehampton, one of his patrons. Mohun was the uncle of Massinger's friend Sir Aston Cockayne, who contributed a commendatory poem to the 1632 edition. Mohun was also the son-in-law of Lady Katherine Stanhope, to whom Massinger dedicated his play The Duke of Milan in 1623.

## Sources

Massinger's primary source for the historical background of his plot was Sir Thomas Hawkins's The Holy Court (1626), a translation of Nicholas Caussin's La cour sainte.

## The plot

In the play, Massinger dramatises the Byzantine Emperor Theodosius II, his elder sister and regent Pulcheria, and his wife and empress Eudocia; specifically, he deals with Eudocia's rumoured infidelity with the courtier Paulinus. Since the play is a tragicomedy and therefore concludes with a happy ending, Masssinger resolves his plot difficulties by having Theodosius masquerade as clergy and hear his wife's confession, which convinces him that she is innocent of infidelity. Given that Massinger was reputedly a Catholic, it might be considered surprising that he would exploit such a plot device; yet his contemporary dramatist James Shirley, another reputed Catholic, employs the same trick of clerical disguise and sacrament violation in his later play The Gentleman of Venice (1639).
The Emperor of the East is among the Massinger plays in which the influence of, and borrowing from, William Shakespeare is most abundant.

## Sources

* ↑ Baldwin Maxwell, Studies in Beaumont, Fletcher, and Massinger. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press, 1939.
* ↑ Ira Clark, The Moral Art of Philip Massinger. Lewisburg, PA, Bucknell University Press, 1993.
* ↑ J. E. Gray, "The Source of The Emperor of the East," Review of English Studies 1 (1950), pp. 126–35.
* ↑ Peter G. Phialas, "The Sources of Massinger's The Emperor of the East," Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 65 (1950), pp. 473–82.
* ↑ Maxwell, p. 66.
# Thames Navigation Commission

The Thames Navigation Commission managed the River Thames in southern England from 1751 to 1866. In particular, they were responsible for installing or renovating many of the locks on the river in the 18th and early 19th centuries

## History

The first commission concerned with the River Thames was the Oxford-Burcot Commission, appointed in the Thames Commission of Sewers Act 1605. It took responsibility for the river between Oxford and Burcot.
The Oxford-Burcot Commission was reasonably successful. Thus, the permanent Thames Navigation Commissioners were appointed through a further act under King George II in 1751, the Thames and Isis Navigation Act 1750 (24 Geo. 2. c. 8). This commission had similar powers covering the whole of the river down to Staines as far as a point marked by the London Stone; below this point the rights and responsibilities for managing the Thames were vested in the City of London Corporation. Earlier commissions had been created by acts as early as 1695, although these had limited terms.
The Thames Conservancy was established in 1857 to take over duties from the City of London because of falling revenue from boat traffic. Not long after, in 1866, it was considered best to have the navigation of the whole river under a single management, so the Thames Navigation Commission was subsumed by the Thames Conservancy.

## Locks built by the Thames Navigation Commission

* Boulter's Lock (1772)
* Hambleden Lock (1773)
* Hurley Lock (1773)
* Marlow Lock (1773)
* Marsh Lock (1773)
* Shiplake Lock (1773)
* Sonning Lock (1773)
* Temple Lock (1773)
* Caversham Lock (1778)
* Mapledurham Lock (1778)
* Cleeve Lock (1787)
* Goring Lock (1787)
* Whitchurch Lock (1787)
* Benson Lock (1788)
* Day's Lock (1789)
* Abingdon Lock (1790)
* Buscot Lock (1790)
* Godstow Lock (1790)
* Osney Lock (1790)
* Rushey Lock (1790)
* St John's Lock (1790)
* Pinkhill Lock (1791)
* Romney Lock (1798)
* Culham Lock (1809)
* Bell Weir Lock (1817)
* Clifton Lock (1822)
* Old Windsor Lock (1822)
* Cookham Lock (1830)
* Bray Lock (1845)
* Boveney Lock (1838)
# USNS Arrowhead

USNS Arrowhead (T-AGSE-4) is a submarine support vessel acquired by the U.S. Navy in 2015 and assigned to Military Sealift Command.

## Construction

Arrowhead was built in 2009 by Leevec Industries, Jennings, Louisiana, for Hornbeck Offshore.
# Ski jumping at the 2011 European Youth Olympic Winter Festival

Ski jumping at the 2011 European Youth Winter Olympic Festival was held from 13 to 17 February 2011. It was held at the Ski Jumping Venue Ještěd at Liberec, Czech Republic.

## Results
### Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Finland (FIN) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | Poland (POL) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 3 | Austria (AUT) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Germany (GER) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 4 | Norway (NOR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (5 entries) | Totals (5 entries) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 |

### Events

| Event | Gold | Gold | Silver | Silver | Bronze | Bronze |
| Individual | Jarkko Määttä (FIN) | 294.5 | Ulrich Wohlgenannt (AUT) | 268.5 | Mats Berggaard (NOR) | 261.0 |
| Team | Poland (POL) Krzysztof Biegun Krzysztof Kojzar Aleksander Zniszczoł Klemens Murańka | 913.5 | Finland (FIN) Miika Ylipulli Miika Taskinen Juho Ojala Jarkko Määttä | 913.0 | Germany (GER) Michael Herrmann Ludwig Pohle Michael Zachrau Florian Menz | 902.5 |
# South African Party (disambiguation)

South African Party was a political party in the Union of South Africa from 1911 to 1934.
South African Party may also refer to:
* South African Party (Cape Colony), a political party in the Cape Colony, which existed until the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910. It governed Cape Colony between 1908 until the creation of the Union of South Africa.
* South African Party (Republic of South Africa), a political party in the Republic of South Africa from 1977 to 1980
# Soviet destroyer Uporny (1959)

Uporny was the sixth ship of the Kanin-class destroyer of the Soviet Navy.

## Construction and career

The ship was built at North Nikolayev Shipyard in Mykolaiv and was launched on 14 October 1959 and commissioned into the Black Sea Fleet on 3 December 1960.
In June 1961, after an inter-fleet passage from Sevastopol along the Northern Sea Route to Vladivostok, it became part of the Pacific Fleet of the Soviet Navy. On 19 May 1966, she was reclassified into a large missile ship (BRK). In the period from 26 December 1967 to 22 March 1968, she underwent a major overhaul at Dalzavod Shipyard (Vladivostok).
In 1969, the destroyer carried out combat service in the Indian Ocean, during this period made business calls to Zanzibar (Tanzania), Malé (Maldives), Umm Qasr (Iraq), Bandar Abbas (Iran) and Berber (Somalia). From April 25, 1970, to August 19, 1970, he took part in an exercise and carried out combat service in the Indian Ocean, made business calls to Berbera, Mogadishu, Umm Qasr, Bombay. August - October 1972 - military service in the Pacific Ocean, in the regions of Canada, North America and Hawaii. From 7 February 1977 to 3 February 1978, she was modernized and rebuilt at Dalzavod according to the project 57-A. August 3, 1977 reclassified as large anti-submarine ships.
On June 24, 1991, the destroyer was excluded from the combat composition of the Soviet Navy, disarmed and renamed to the PKZ-12 after conversion into a floating barrack. On June 29, 1993, the floating barracks were excluded from the lists of the Navy ships in connection with the delivery to ARVI for dismantling and sale.
On September 7, 1995, PKZ-12 was sold to an American company for cutting into metal.

## Citations

* ↑ "Destroyers - Project 57bis". russianships.info. Retrieved 2021-08-11.
* ↑ R., Kazachkov (17 July 2009). "Catalog of slipway (serial) numbers of ships and vessels of the Navy of the USSR and Russia". Naval collection. Archived from the original on 21 August 2014. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
* 1 2 "Сайт "АТРИНА" • Эскадренные миноносцы пр.57-бис типа "Гневный", Krupn…". archive.is. 2012-12-21. Archived from the original on 2012-12-21. Retrieved 2021-08-11.
* ↑ S.S., Berezhnoy (2002). Крейсера и миноносцы: Справочник. М.: Военное издательство. p. 472. ISBN 5-203-01780-8.
# Soviet dive bomber

The USSR produced three models of dive bomber during World War II. Soviet dive bomber may refer to:
* Petlyakov Pe-2
* Petlyakov Pe-3
* Petlyakov Pe-8
# Slovene field and house names

The traditional Slovene field and house names are part of the cultural heritage of Slovenians, as well as of German-speaking population of Carinthia, Austria. Many researchers, communities, and organizations work for preservation of the Slovenian microtoponyms.
In 2010 the "Slovene field and house names in Carinthia" were included into the UNESCO Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Austria (de:Immaterielles Kulturerbe in Österreich). Preservation of Slovene placenames in this area is especially critical, because here for centuries the written language was German, while the tradition of Slovene was passed in spoken, dialectal form, and today only a small number of people use traditional names.
There is a Slovenia-Austria cross-border cooperation aimed at the preservation of the field and house names. First local initiatives started in Gorenjska region of Slovenia in 2005. In 2008 they were joined by Southern Carinthia. The European cross-border project FLU_LED (2011-2015) joined the two efforts into one. The two regions developed a common methodology for data collection and documentation (recording and mapping) and involved over 1,600 elderly people to collect the names. By 2020 15,700 house names and 9,600 field names were documented.
# Speculative art

Speculative art can refer to:
* Gambling
* Investment
** Investing in fine art
* Fantasy art
* Science fiction art
* Alchemy
# Sloboda (defense company)

43°52′46″N 20°18′51″E﻿ / ﻿43.87944°N 20.31417°E﻿ / 43.87944; 20.31417
Sloboda (Serbian: Слобода, Sloboda) is a Serbian ammunition and manufacturing company founded in 1948. Its headquarters is in Čačak, Serbia. With around 2,000 employees, it is one of the largest enterprises in Čačak and Moravica District.

## History

Sloboda was established in 1948 by the Yugoslav government. In Socialist Yugoslavia, it was one of the largest enterprises in the country, having around 7,000 employees. It manufactured a variety of products, for military use and for home appliances. The production was greatly reduced during the 1990s breakup of Yugoslavia, when Western countries imposed sanctions on Serbia and Montenegro. During the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, the company's facilities were several times bombed.
In 2016, one of its destroyed facilities was reconstructed and put into operation. In November 2017, former prominent company's subsidiary "Sloboda aparati" (home appliances), finally transferred its facilities to Sloboda Čačak (military ammunition). During 2017, the Government of Serbia invested two million euros in company's modernization, for the needs of defense industry. From 2010 to 2017, 30 million euros has been invested in company's facility. As of 2017, the company has around 2,300 employees and new contracts worth 150 million euros. In May 2018, the Serbian Minister of Defence announced further investments over the next three years.
In 2018, the company celebrated its 70-year anniversary.

## Products

Sloboda manufactures different types of ammunition and RPG-s.
Among them are:
* M79 Osa
* M80 Zolja
* M90 Stršljen
* 100mm, 125mm Tank ammunition
* 20, 23, 30, 37, 40 and 57mm caliber ammunition
* 76, 100, 105, 122, 152, 155mm artillery ammunition

## Incidents

On 12 January 2010, one employee was hurt after explosion in pyrotechnics department of the factory.
On 27 December 2010, there were series of explosions in pyrotechnics department, however nobody was injured. On 1 July 2013, two employees were injured in an explosion in a production line.
On 4 June 2021 (in early morning around 1:30 AM), there were series of explosions in an ammunition depot, which caused a huge fire. Several workers and nearby residents were evacuated, but no injuries have been reported.
On 19 June 2021 (in the afternoon around 8 PM) there was one big explosion at gunpowder depot; three employees were hurt.

## Gallery

* Sloboda products
* Advertising poster
* Vacuum cleaner
* Sloboda stoves
* Hot plates
* Sloboda air conditioner
# Sloggett

Sloggett is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arthur Sloggett (1857–1929), British doctor and army officer
* Nellie Sloggett (1851–1923), author and folklorist
* Paul Sloggett (born 1950), Canadian abstract artist
# Special Needs Evacuation Tracking System

The Texas Special Needs Evacuation Tracking System was a tracking system for emergency evacuees developed by AT&T for the state of Texas. The system was based on tracking RFID tags attached to the wrists of evacuees via the AT&T/Cingular wireless network and a data center at the University of Texas Center for Space Research. Evacuees were indirectly tracked using GPS locators mounted on the vehicles in which they were traveling.
The Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) awarded the contract to AT&T in December 2007. Parts of the system were deployed as early as 2006, prior to AT&T's involvement, but AT&T had taken over overall responsibility for its operation. The system has been tested three times. Texas officials planned to use the system during Hurricane Dean, but the storm changed course and missed Texas.
In 2008, SNETS was nominated in the Laureates Class of Computerworld Honors Program honoring those who uses Information Technology to benefit society.
The Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) replaced this system with the Emergency Tracking Network (ETN), which features iOS and Android apps as well as a web enabled system.
As of September 2017, there is a committee in Texas to improve the functions.
# Skytech

Skytech Helicopters is a Belgian helicopter company operating heavy-lift helicopters in different countries. The company is known for pioneering commercial operation of the Mil MI 26T in Western Europe from 1992. As of the 3rd of October 2022 the company had filed for bankruptcy.

## History

Skytech SA was founded in Belgium in November 1989 by helicopter pilots Thierry Lakhanisky and Lucienne De Dryver.
First external load works were carried on with a single MD 500 helicopter; this light lifter was soon joined by a Mil MI 10K Harke-B under long term lease from the Aeroflot regional branch of the Republic of Komi. This MI 10K was used as a flying crane on various projects all over Europe, including building ski lifts up to 3,500 m on the Monte Rosa in the Alps.
The Belgian company introduced the first Mil MI 26T in South America in 1994 and in the same year set up partnerships with Nepal Airways to operate five Mil MI 17 helicopters in Nepal, and in Papua Niugini with Heli Niugini to operate a couple of Kamov 32 helicopters to support oil explorations with Barracuda Oil and Chevron Oil.
Since 2006, the family-owned company was largely involved in humanitarian support in Asia and signed a cooperation agreement with the Emercom, the Russian Ministry of Civil Protection to establish an alert base in Brussels South Charleroi Airport but the project was moved to north of France.
In 2008 the company first declared bankruptcy but was able to recover and had the declaration undone. Following the arrest of the CEO, Thierry Lakhanisky, for involvement in illegal arms trade with the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the 18th of September 2022 the company yet again filed for bankruptcy on the 3rd of October 2022.

## Heavy firefighting

Rostvertol, the MI 26T's manufacturer, teamed with Skytech in 1994 to produce a powerful fire fighting system for the world largest helicopters; the system, called Twin Bambi Buckets, was able to deliver 20.000 liters per drop and was manufactured in Canada by SEI.
The TBB was first operated commercially by Samsung Aerospace of South Korea under contract with Skytech SA in 1998, and on several governmental contracts in Turkey and Italy; in 2000 Skytech supplied at least three MI 26T for the Italian Civil Protection, operated as "state aircraft" for the firefighting season.

## Fleet

The fleet size is variable: the company has operated Ka 32T, KA 32S, MI 26T, MI 10K, MI 8MTV, MI 8AMT, MI 171, B 206, MD 500. At least three MI 26T were at one time based in Belgium but are no more active. Several MI 17 bearing Skytech titles were spotted in Yemen and Bosnia from 2000. The company is known to operate on undisclosed governmental programs.

## Media

The company’s helicopters appeared in several films:
* "Operation Okavango" - Nicolas Hulot
* "Ushuaia" - Nicolas Hulot
* "Massive Machines" - Chris Barrie
* "Greatest Ever" Discovery Channel
# Smertin

Smertin (masculine) or Smertina (feminine) is a Russian surname.
This surname is shared by the following people:
* Alexey Smertin (born 1975), Russian footballer
* Yevgeni Smertin (born 1969), retired Russian professional footballer and a current football coach
# Space Tyrant

Space Tyrant is a strategy video game developed by Blue Wizard Digital. It uses a streamlined version of 4X gameplay in which players conquer the galaxy as an evil tyrant.

## Gameplay

Players control a dark lord-type character who attempts galactic domination. The tyrant's conquest is opposed by the Galactic Senate, a benevolent space empire that attempts to topple the player's totalitarian regime. Players are given missions that, upon completion, weaken the Galactic Senate. Conquering inhabited planets allows players to enslave the populace. Players are also given strategic choices that play out like a digital collectible card game and can unlock special abilities.

## Development

After leaving the video game industry, Jason Kapalka founded a new studio, Blue Wizard Digital. Space Tyrant was their first game. The game left early access in February 2018.

## Reception

In his review for Eurogamer, Christian Donland wrote that the game's streamlined gameplay may frustrate purists, but it "still offers some of the riches and sprawl of 4X". Alec Meer reviewed the game during early access for Rock Paper Shotgun. Meer called it "really good" and praised the streamlined gameplay, though he criticized the game's humor. Tom Chick, who reviewed the game for his blog Quarter to Three, wrote of the game's pacing, "This is a game with the same stuff as its far more detailed and complicated cousins, but it knows how to move." Craig Robinson of Strategy Gamer wrote, "For those wanting a light-hearted experience filled with great content and progression, this cheap little title will offer you exactly that."
# Spat (angular unit)

The spat (symbol sp), from the Latin spatium ("space"), is a unit of solid angle. 1 spat is equal to 4π steradians or approximately 41253 square degrees of solid angle (sequence A125560 in the OEIS). Thus it is the solid angle subtended by a complete sphere at its center.
# Snotingas

The Snotingas were an Anglian tribe who either took their name from a chieftain called "Snot" or "Snod", or from the word Snottenga, meaning "caves". The Snotingas occupied the settlement of Snottengaham or Snodengaham (modern Nottingham).
The Snotingas gave their name to the settlements of Nottingham, first recorded as Snotengaham, and nearby Sneinton, first recorded as Snotinton.
Nottingham's St Mary's Church was probably established as a minster as early as the late 7th century, and the extent of its minster parish is likely to represent the original extent of the territory of the Snotingas. Although determining this area is complicated by the large amount of land held by St Mary's granted to Lenton Priory after the Norman Conquest, it certainly included Whiston in the north of the modern city, and probably the areas of Lenton, Radford, Basford, Arnold, West Bridgford, Wilford, Barton and Clifton.