OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 50th Indian Brigade

The 50th Indian Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Indian Army that saw active service with the Indian Army during the First World War. It served in the Mesopotamian Campaign on the Euphrates Front throughout its existence. It was not reformed for the Second World War.

## History
### Formation

The 50th Indian Brigade was formed in Mesopotamia on 20 August 1917 as part of the newly formed 15th Indian Division. It was made up of battalions that had already been in Mesopotamia for some months, guarding lines of communications. From late August to mid-September it was attached to the 3rd (Lahore) Division before joining the 17th Indian Division. It was replaced in the 15th Indian Division by the 34th Indian Brigade, ex 17th Indian Division.

### 15th Indian Division

The brigade remained with the division on the Euphrates Front until the end of the war. It took part in the Capture of Ramadi (28 and 29 September 1917), the Occupation of Hīt (9 March 1918) and the action of Khan Baghdadi (26 and 27 March 1918). At the end of the war, the division was rapidly run down and it (along with the brigade) was disbanded in March 1919.
The Indian Army did not form a 50th Indian Infantry Brigade in the Second World War, however it did form 50th Indian Parachute Brigade and 50th Indian Tank Brigade.

## Order of battle

The brigade had the following composition in the First World War:
* 1st Battalion, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry (joined from Corps Troops in August 1917)
* 6th Jat Light Infantry (joined from Corps Troops in August 1917)
* 14th King George's Own Ferozepore Sikhs (joined from Corps Troops in August 1917; transferred to 51st Indian Brigade, 17th Indian Division in October 1917)
* 1st Battalion, 97th Deccan Infantry (joined from Corps Troops in August 1917)
* 24th Punjabis (joined from Corps Troops in September 1917; left in September 1918 to join the 66th Brigade, British 22nd Division)
* 256th Machine Gun Company
* 50th Light Trench Mortar Battery ('O' Light Trench Mortar Battery joined 15th Division in September 1917 and assigned to the brigade in February 1918)

## Commander

The brigade was commanded from formation by Brigadier-General A.W. Andrew.
# William Henry (chemist)

William Henry FRS (12 December 1774 – 2 September 1836) was an English chemist. He was the son of Thomas Henry and was born in Manchester England. He developed what is known today as Henry's Law.

## Life

William Henry was apprenticed to Thomas Percival and later worked with John Ferriar & John Huit at the Manchesters Infirmary. He began to study medicine at University of Edinburgh in 1795, taking his medical in 1807, but ill-health interrupted his practice as a physician, and he devoted his time mainly to chemical research, especially with regard to gases. One of his best-known papers (published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 1803) describes experiments on the quantity of gases absorbed by water at different temperatures and under different pressures. His results are known today as Henry's law. His other papers deal with gas-analysis, fire-damp, illuminating gas, the composition of hydrochloric acid and of ammonia, urinary and other morbid concretions, and the disinfecting powers of heat. His Elements of Experimental Chemistry (1799) enjoyed considerable vogue in its day, going through eleven editions in 30 years. He was one of the founders of the Mechanics' Institute, the original precursor of University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology.
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in February 1809, having been awarded their prestigious Copley Medal in 1808.
He shot himself in his private chapel at Pendlebury, near Manchester, in 1836.
# Calkiní

Calkiní (Yucatec Maya: "throat of the sun") is a city in the Mexican state of Campeche. It is situated at the northern tip of the state, on the central western coast the Yucatán Peninsula. It serves as the municipal seat for the surrounding municipality of the same name. As of 2010, the city of Calkiní had a population of 14,934.
Calkini's San Luis Obispo or San Luis Calkiní church was founded in 1549 by the Franciscan Fray Diego de Villalpando as a mission and constructed on the base of the main ceremonial Mayan structure located on the site, thus ensuring both handily available building materials and a natural predisposition of the soon-to-be-converted Mayan population to gravitate towards this sacred place.
Its strategic location halfway between Campeche and Merida made it both the head mission for the Franciscans in the region by 1588 and the second-largest town in the entire province of Yucatan, which then encompassed all three current states on the Yucatan peninsula.
Today, it is a pretty town with many colorful facades and a manicured central plaza, and a popular stop for meandering tourists when traveling between Merida and Campeche or to nearby Isla Arena.
# Breite Heide

50°37′17″N 7°15′39″E﻿ / ﻿50.6213°N 7.26079°E﻿ / 50.6213; 7.26079
Breite Heide is a locality in the municipality Rheinbreitbach in the district of Neuwied in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
* This Neuwied district location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# St Mary's Chapel, High Legh

St Mary's Chapel is a former Anglican parish church in the village of High Legh, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.

## History

The chapel was built around 1581 as a chapel of ease to High Legh East Hall. High Legh became a separate parish in 1817. The parish was refounded in 1973 with the nearby St John's Church as the parish church. The hall has been demolished. The church was restored in 1836, another restoration was carried out by William Butterfield in 1858, and the chancel, designed by John Oldrid Scott, was added in 1884.

## Architecture
### Exterior

The chapel is built in ashlar stone with a tiled roof. Its plan consists of a nave with aisles and a chancel. On the west front is a central porch with pilasters. Above the porch is a three-light Perpendicular window and on each side are two light perpendicular windows. On the gable is a square bell turret with a single bell. On the east front is a four-light 19th-century Perpendicular-style window.

### Interior

The ceiling has 19th-century pargeting with Tudor roses, fleurs de lys and stars. The pews in the nave dated 1858 are by Butterfield and the wainscotting and screens of 1884 by are by J. Oldrid Scott.

## External features

To mark the advent of the third millennium a carved stone was erected in the grounds of the chapel.
# Trespass (clothing)

Trespass is a sportswear brand specialized in skiwear, waterproof jackets, fleeces, festival accessories, walking boots and camping gear. The company distributes its products in the wholesale market, through retail shops in Ireland, the UK and mainland Europe, and online.

## History

Jacobs & Turner Ltd. was established in 1938 and, at the time, specialised in technical workwear. The Trespass brand was created in 1984, moving the company towards specialising in performance skiwear and outdoor clothing.
Since its inception, the company has been located in Glasgow, Scotland, with its main head office and distribution centre still residing in the south side of the city.

## Stores

After moving into the retail trade in the 1990s, Trespass expanded its business within Great Britain. It expanded into the Republic of Ireland in 2008, mainland Europe in 2014, and Northern Ireland in 2015. Its 200th UK store was opened in 2018.
The company has over 300 shops, in Ireland, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Poland, France, Germany and Austria, and has operations in 62 countries worldwide. It also sells via its website.

## Partnership with Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games

In February 2013, it was announced that Trespass were the official uniform providers for the Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games. Trespass supplied the uniforms for the Queen's Baton Relay and the Games Workforce, estimated at 15,000 volunteers. On 18 August 2013, the Trespass designed uniforms were unveiled, alongside the relay baton.

## Sponsorship

Trespass sponsors a number of sporting events and athletes. These include:
* British Children's Ski Team
* The Ski and Snowboard Show
* British Universities & Colleges team (BUCS) at the World University Winter Games
# William McCann (footballer)

William McCann was a Scottish footballer who played as a goalkeeper. McCann was the first choice goalkeeper for Liverpool during the first half of the 1894–95 season. After conceding 11 goals in 3 games he was replaced as the keeper by Matt McQueen, he was restored to first choice keeper in a 4–0 win over West Bromwich Albion F.C. He made his last appearance for the club in February 1895 and left the club soon afterwards.
# 5th Politburo

5th Politburo may refer to:
* 5th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party
* 5th Politburo of the Communist Party of Cuba
* 5th Politburo of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party
* 5th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam
* 5th Politburo of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia
* 5th Political Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea
# USS Larkspur

USS Larkspur was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Navy as a tugboat.
Larkspur was built in 1863 at Wilmington, Delaware, as Pontiac; purchased by the Navy at Wilmington from W. A. James & Co. 6 October 1863; delivered on the 12th; and commissioned at Philadelphia Navy Yard 16 October 1863, acting Ens. Francis B. Davis in command.

## Assigned to the South Atlantic Blockade

The new tug was assigned to the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron and had arrived Port Royal, South Carolina, by 1 November. She served there during most of the remainder of the Civil War towing and repairing the ships of the blockade, steaming along the Confederate coast gathering information about activity ashore, carrying messages between ships of the squadron, and providing countless other services which helped the Union Navy to strangle the South.
On 8 December she was ordered to St. Simons Sound, Georgia, to seek word of General William Tecumseh Sherman’s army which was expected to emerge from the Georgia hinterland ending his famous march to the sea. Four days later she was sent to Savannah, Georgia, to assist the Union Army after it reached the sea.

## Final operations, decommissioning and civilian career

During the remainder of the war the tug operated at Charleston, South Carolina, and Port Royal. She departed the latter port 27 June 1865 for Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where she decommissioned 8 July. Larkspur was sold at public auction Philadelphia 10 August and redocumented as Larkspur 5 September 1865. She was renamed M. Vandercook 13 September 1883 and again renamed Somerville 27 April 1898. The tug was finally abandoned in 1905.
# William Henry, Prince of Nassau-Usingen

Prince William Henry of Nassau-Usingen (born 2 May 1684 in 's-Hertogenbosch; died: 14 February 1718 in Usingen) was Prince of Nassau-Usingen from 1702 to 1718.

## Parents

William Henry was the son of Prince Walrad of Nassau-Usingen and his wife, Catherine Françoise, comtesse de Croÿ-Roeulx.

## Marriage and issue

William Henry married Charlotte Amalia (1680–1738), daughter of Henry, Prince of Nassau-Dillenburg, on 15 April 1706. They had nine children, five of which died within the first year: Henry (1708–1708), Amélie (1709–1709), William (1710–1710), Louis (1714–1714), and Johanna (1715–1716). Four children reached adulthood:
* Françoise (1707–1750)
* Charles, Prince of Nassau-Usingen (1712–1775)
* Hedwig (1714–1786)
* William Henry, Prince of Nassau-Saarbrücken (1718–1768)
After he died in 1718, he was succeeded by his underage son Charles as Prince of Nassau-Usingen. Charlotte Amalie reigned as regent until Charles came of age.

## Legacy

In 1707, William Henry founded the village of Wilhemsdorf, which was named after him. It was annexed by neighbouring Usingen in 1972.

## Military career

Like his father, William Henry had a career in the Dutch army. In 1691, he became a captain and then the colonel of the Walloon Regiment from 1701 to 1707. He was wounded in the Battle of Ekeren on 30 June 1703.
# Calliclinus

Calliclinus is a genus of labrisomid blennies native to the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of southern South America.

## Species

There are currently two recognized species in this genus:
* Calliclinus geniguttatus (Valenciennes, 1836)
* Calliclinus nudiventris Cervigón & Pequeño, 1979
# Brian Head

Brian Head may refer to:

## Places

* Brian Head, Utah, a town
* Brian Head (mountain), a mountain in Utah, United States
* Brian Head Ski Resort

## People

* Brian Head (composer) (born 1964), American composer, guitarist, and lecturer
* Brian Head (sociologist), Australian sociologist who defined the concept of cultural cringe
* Brian Head (Manitoba politician)
# Stigmella hortorum

Stigmella hortorum is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It was described by Scoble in 1978. It is found in South Africa (it was described from the Kruger National Park in Transvaal).
# Tiruray

Tiruray may refer to:
* The Tiruray people, a Filipino ethnic group
* The Tiruray language, the language spoken by the Tiruray people
# William McCanlis

Captain William McCanlis (30 October 1840 – 19 November 1925) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for Kent County Cricket Club between 1862 and 1877 and later became known for his role in coaching young cricketers at the county's Tonbridge Nursery. He was born at Woolwich, then considered to be part of Kent but now in London, and died at Westcombe Park in Blackheath.

## Playing career

McCanlis had a long career in the British Army as a quartermaster in the Ordnance Store Department, a forerunner of the Royal Army Ordnance Corps; he was awarded the honorary rank of captain in 1886 and was regularly referred to as "Captain McCanlis" thereafter. He played cricket for Kent as a right-handed middle-order or opening batsman and an occasional bowler in a few matches in the early 1860s, and then returned to play fairly regularly between 1871 and 1877. By modern standards, his batting figures are unimpressive, and his highest score was an innings of 67 made against Lancashire in 1873. In the same season, he and his brother George scored 99 of the 107 runs that came from the bat in Kent's first innings in the Surrey game. An obituary of him almost 50 years after his last first-class game stated: "At his best, he was a powerful hitter, driving extremely well, and he was also a useful field."

## Coaching career

After he ceased playing, McCanlis joined the Kent County Cricket Club committee and took charge of the identification and development of young players at the newly established Tonbridge Nursery. He was credited with spotting and then coaching many of the side that provided Kent with its most successful team ever in the years leading up to the First World War, among them Colin Blythe, Frank Woolley, James Seymour, Arthur Fielder, Jack Hubble and Wally Hardinge.

## Family

McCanlis' brother George played first-class cricket for Kent alongside him; his grandson Kenneth McCanlis was a Minor Counties player and a first-class umpire; Maurice McCanlis, Oxford University cricket captain and an England rugby union international, was a cousin.
# 674 Rachele

674 Rachele is a minor planet orbiting the Sun. It was discovered by Wilhelm Lorenz on 28 October 1908 in Heidelberg, and was named by orbit computer Emilio Bianchi after his wife. This is classified as an S-type asteroid, indicating a stony composition.
Measurements made using the adaptive optics system at the W. M. Keck Observatory give a size estimate of 89 km. It has a size ratio of 1.08 between the major and minor axes. By comparison, measurements reported in 1998 from the IRAS observatory give a similar size of 97 km and a ratio of 1.15.
# 1982 London-Paris ultralight race

The 1982 London-Paris ultralight race was a competition for ultralight aircraft and microlight aircraft to fly between London, England and Paris, France, across the English Channel. It was the pivotal event in the European ultralight/microlight aircraft movement that brought ultralight/microlight aviation in Europe into serious public recognition.

## History and development
### Prehistory

In 1909, a competition for the first airplane to cross the English Channel resulted in victory for Louis Bleriot in his small Bleriot XI monoplane, flying from the French coast to the English coast - one of the most historic flights in aviation history (along with 1903 "first flight" of the Wright Brothers, and the 1927 transatlantic flight of Charles Lindbergh), and a pivotal event for the early development of airplanes.

### Development

In 1982, during the rise of the ultralight airplane movement, a race was held to repeat the event - though going the opposite direction, and farther: flying from London, England to Paris, France - crossing the English Channel in the process.
The race was organized by New York-based Fenwick Aviation (which planned a similar event for the autumn of 1983, between New York and Washington, D.C.).
Besides speed, the rules of the race were structured to reward precise navigation and landing, and minimal fuel consumption.

## Event and outcomes
### Race

There were 76 entrants (68 of whom departed from Biggin Hill Aerodrome, near London. At Lydd, England, near the Channel, 66 landed for refueling. Of those, 64 departed Lydd. Finally, 61 landed at Le Toquet, and 59 flew all the way to Pontoise, a few miles from the race end in downtown Paris.
Nearly all of the pilots had never flown over the Channel before. However, despite the risk of overwater flights in early ultralights, none of the aircraft fell into the sea during the Channel crossing, and there were no injuries.

### Victors

* Three-axis-control aircraft: Jacques Antoine Breuvart (Vector 610)
* Weight-shift-control aircraft: Francois Thovex (Daniss Sabre 23)

### Other notables

Nine Huntair Pathfinder I airplanes participated in the 1982 London-Paris. All of them finished, seven of them finishing in the first ten places. Further, a Pathfinder (pilot: Gerry Breen) was joint winner of the speed award.
A small number of Butterfly II motorized ultralight gliders, built by SABENA, and sponsored by R.T.B.F. (Belgian national radio & television), participated in the race. RTBF reporter René Thierry piloted the aircraft to second place in its category.

### Impact

The event generated intense media interest, initially portraying the flight as a replay of the comic movie Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines, but gradually responding to the general success and safety of the flights. Industry historians note it as the point at which Europe's ultralight/microlight movement gained substantial respect and attention.
# Brian Haynes

Brian Haynes may refer to:
* Brian Haynes (footballer) (born 1962), retired Trinidad soccer midfielder
* Brian Haynes (canoeist) (1951–2011), British sprint canoer
# Todo, Todo, Todo

"Todo, Todo, Todo" (English: Everything, Everything, Everything) is a song written by Jorsaci, produced by Bebu Silvetti, and performed by Mexican singer-songwriter and actress Daniela Romo. It was released by EMI Latin in 1991 as the second single from Romo's sixth studio album Amada más que nunca (1991). The song became the second number-one single for Romo in the Billboard Top Latin Songs chart, after "De Mí Enamórate" five years prior. Romo earned two nominations at the Lo Nuestro Award in 1992 for the track, Pop Song of the Year and Best Music Video, winning the latter. "Todo, Todo, Todo" has a choreography which is a staple at Filipino informal/formal (hall) parties. The video received a Billboard Music nomination for Latin Video of the Year by a Female Artist.
The song debuted in the Billboard Top Latin Songs chart (formerly Hot Latin Tracks) chart at number 29 in the week of May 25, 1991, climbing to the top ten two weeks later. "Todo, Todo, Todo" peaked at number-one on May 5, 1991, replacing "Mi Deseo" by Mexican band Los Bukis and being succeeded ten weeks later by "Cosas del Amor" by American singer Vikki Carr and Mexican singer-songwriter Ana Gabriel. "Todo, Todo, Todo" ended 1991 as the second best performing Latin single of the year in the United States.
# William Yiend

William "Pusher" Yiend (1865 – 22 January 1939) was an English rugby union forward who played club rugby for Hartlepool Rovers and international rugby for England. In 1890 Yiend became one of the original members of the Barbarians Football Club. Yiend was also a cricketer, who represented Durham for one season before the club joined the Minor Counties Championship.

## Rugby career

Yiend was born in Winchcombe, Gloucestershire in 1861 to George Yiend, a mason and master grocer, and Rebecca Yiend (formerly Webb) Yiend played for several teams before gaining international recognition, including Peterborough, and Keighley, before they turned to rugby league. Yiend was first selected to play international rugby for England in the country's first encounter with an overseas touring team; The New Zealand Natives. Despite a comfortable win over the New Zealand team, Yiend would not play for England for another two seasons.
During the 1890–91 season, Yiend was approached by William Percy Carpmael to join his newly formed invitational tourists, the Barbarians. Yiend accepted and became a member of the first Barbarian squad.
Yiend was next selected for England during the 1892 Home Nations Championship. Yiend played in all three games, each of which England won, making Yiend a Triple Crown winning player. Yiend missed the opening game of the 1893 Championship, but was back in the team to face Ireland in a narrow win. His final game was the encounter with Scotland in the same Championship tournament, and finished in a defeat, the only international game in which Yiend finished on the losing side.
On 19 October 1895 Yiend became the first internationally capped player to play for Leicester Tigers when he made his début at Welford Road against Guy's Hospital. He had moved to Peterborough for work and played 10 games in his only season at the club.
# USS Spadefish

USS Spadefish has been the name of more than one United States Navy ship, and may refer to:
* USS Spadefish (SS-411), later AGSS-411, a submarine in commission from 1944 to 1946
* USS Spadefish (SSN-668), a submarine in commission from 1969 to 1997
# 1983 in Korea

1983 in Korea may refer to:
* 1983 in North Korea
* 1983 in South Korea