# Songshan District, Chifeng

Songshan District (Mongolian: ᠰᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ; Chinese: 松山区) is a district of the city of Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China. The district spans 5,629 square kilometers, and has a population of 608,883 as of 2019.

## Administrative divisions

The district is divided into 8 subdistricts, 9 towns, 4 townships, and 1 ethnic township. These township-level divisions are then further divided into 244 administrative villages, 44 urban residential communities, and 3 rural residential communities.
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Mongolian (Hudum Script) | Mongolian (Cyrillic) | Administrative division code |
| Subdistricts ||||||
| Zhenxing Subdistrict | 振兴街道 | Zhènxīng Jiēdào | ᠵᠧᠨ ᠰᠢᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Жен шин зээл гудамж | 150404001 |
| Xiangyang Subdistrict | 向阳街道 | Xiàngyáng Jiēdào | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Шиян ян зээл гудамж | 150404002 |
| Songzhou Subdistrict | 松州街道 | Sōngzhōu Jiēdào | ᠰᠦᠩ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Сөн жүү зээл гудамж | 150404003 |
| Tiedong Subdistrict | 铁东街道 | Tiědōng Jiēdào | ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Дамар замын зүүндэх зээл гудамж | 150404004 |
| Yulong Subdistrict | 玉龙街道 | Yùlóng Jiēdào | ᠢᠦᠢ ᠯᠦᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Юй лүн зээл гудамж | 150404400 |
| Quanning Subdistrict | 全宁街道 | Quánníng Jiēdào | ᠴᠢᠦᠸᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Чиован нин зээл гудамж | 150404401 |
| Hinggan Subdistrict | 兴安街道 | Xīng'ān Jiēdào | ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Хянган зээл гудамж | 150404407 |
| Songcheng Subdistrict | 松城街道 | Sōngchéng Jiēdào | ᠰᠦᠩ ᠴᠧᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Сөн цэн зээл гудамж | 150404408 |
| Towns ||||||
| Mujiayingzi Town | 穆家营子镇 | Mùjiāyíngzi Zhèn | ᠮᠤ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠩᠽᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Мү жье енз балгас | 150404100 |
| Quthulang Town | 初头朗镇 | Chūtóulǎng Zhèn | ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Цутгалан балгас | 150404101 |
| Damiao Town | 大庙镇 | Dàmiào Zhèn | ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠮᠢᠶᠣᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ | Да мяо балгас | 150404102 |
| Wangfu Town | 王府镇 | Wángfǔ Zhèn | ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Ван хороо балгас | 150404103 |
| Laofu Town | 老府镇 | Lǎofǔ Zhèn | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Хуучин хороо балгас | 150404104 |
| Har Tohoi Town | 哈拉道口镇 | Hālādàokǒu Zhèn | ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠬᠣᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Хар духай балгас | 150404105 |
| Shangguandi Town | 上官地镇 | Shàngguāndì Zhèn | ᠱᠠᠩ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Шан гуан ди балгас | 150404106 |
| Angqin Town | 安庆镇 | Ānqìng Zhèn | ᠠᠩᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | | 150404107 |
| Taipingdi Town | 太平地镇 | Tàipíngdì Zhèn | ᠲᠠᠢ ᠫᠢᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Тай пин ди балгас | 150404108 |
| Townships ||||||
| Xiajiadian Township | 夏家店乡 | Xiàjiādiàn Xiāng | ᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Шье жье даяан шиян | 150404201 |
| Chengzi Township | 城子乡 | Chéngzǐ Xiāng | ᠴᠧᠩᠽᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Цэнз шиян | 150404202 |
| Dafuyingzi Township | 大夫营子乡 | Dàfūyíngzi Xiāng | ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢᠩᠽᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Да фү енз шиян | 150404203 |
| Gangzi Township | 岗子乡 | Gǎngzǐ Xiāng | ᠭᠠᠩᠽᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Ганз шиян | 150404204 |
| Ethnic township ||||||
| Dangpudi Manchu Ethnic Township | 当铺地满族乡 | Dàngpùdì Mǎnzú Xiāng | ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩ ᠫᠦ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Даан пү ди манж үндэстэний шиян | 150404200 |

## Geography

Songshan District is bordered by Ar'horqin Banner to its east, Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County to its west, Yuanbaoshan District and Hongshan District to its south, Ongniud Banner to its north, Hexigten Banner to its northwest, and Harqin Banner to its southwest.

### Climate

During 2018, the district experienced an average temperature of 8.9 °C (48.0 °F), with a maximum temperature of 36.1 °C (97 °F), and a minimum temperature of −24.2 °C (−12 °F). The district experienced 2783.5 hours of sunshine, 208 frost-free days, and 381.9 millimeters of precipitation.
Climate data for Gangzixiang, Songshan District, elevation 960 m (3,150 ft), (1991–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −4.7 (23.5) | −0.9 (30.4) | 5.6 (42.1) | 14.0 (57.2) | 21.2 (70.2) | 24.9 (76.8) | 26.7 (80.1) | 25.5 (77.9) | 21.2 (70.2) | 13.5 (56.3) | 3.6 (38.5) | −3.3 (26.1) | 12.3 (54.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −12.5 (9.5) | −9.0 (15.8) | −1.9 (28.6) | 7.1 (44.8) | 14.4 (57.9) | 18.7 (65.7) | 20.8 (69.4) | 18.9 (66.0) | 13.4 (56.1) | 5.8 (42.4) | −3.8 (25.2) | −10.8 (12.6) | 5.1 (41.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −19.0 (−2.2) | −16.4 (2.5) | −9.4 (15.1) | −0.5 (31.1) | 6.5 (43.7) | 11.7 (53.1) | 14.6 (58.3) | 12.2 (54.0) | 5.5 (41.9) | −1.4 (29.5) | −10.4 (13.3) | −17.2 (1.0) | −2.0 (28.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0.9 (0.04) | 1.9 (0.07) | 6.9 (0.27) | 16.4 (0.65) | 37.6 (1.48) | 74.9 (2.95) | 120.4 (4.74) | 84.7 (3.33) | 33.3 (1.31) | 14.5 (0.57) | 6.1 (0.24) | 1.1 (0.04) | 398.7 (15.69) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.4 | 1.7 | 3.2 | 4.5 | 7.6 | 13.5 | 14.1 | 11.4 | 7.4 | 4.3 | 2.4 | 1.6 | 73.1 |
| Average snowy days | 1.8 | 2.3 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.8 | 3.0 | 1.9 | 17.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 50 | 47 | 45 | 43 | 44 | 60 | 72 | 73 | 64 | 53 | 53 | 52 | 55 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 221.8 | 230.0 | 272.7 | 277.0 | 293.4 | 267.1 | 259.4 | 266.8 | 256.5 | 252.5 | 217.7 | 212.1 | 3,027 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 75 | 77 | 73 | 69 | 65 | 59 | 57 | 63 | 69 | 75 | 75 | 76 | 69 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||

## Demographics

As of 2019, the district's registered population is 608,883, an increase of 8,699 from 2018. Of this, there are 314,013 reported males and 294,870 reported females. The district has a crude birth rate of 11.2 per 1,000, and a crude mortality rate of 3.3 per 1,000, resulting in a rate of natural increase of 7.9 per 1,000. There are 604,400 permanent residents, an increase of 1,500 from 2018, of which, the urban population is 327,100.

### Ethnicity

Reported Ethnicities of Songshan District (2019) :
| Ethnicity | Population | Percentage |
| Han Chinese | 423,496 | 69.55% |
| Mongol | 136,487 | 22.42% |
| Manchu | 44,045 | 7.23% |
| Hui | 4,015 | 0.66% |
| Others | 840 | 0.14% |
| Total | 608,883 | 100.00% |

## Economy

Songshan's economy reached a GDP of 27.05 billion yuan in 2019, with its primary sector accounting for 18.0% of GDP, its secondary sector accounting for 22.6% of GDP, and the tertiary sector accounting for 59.4% of GDP.
As of 2019, urban residents had a per capita disposable income of 36,168 yuan, and rural residents had a per capita disposable income of 16,555 yuan. Retail sales in 2019 totaled 15.04 billion yuan.
The area is home to a number of gold mines. Other mineral deposits in Songshan include silver, copper, iron, lead, limestone, coal, fluorite, and perlite.

## Transportation

Major roadways which pass through Songshan District include China National Highway 111, China National Highway 305, China National Highway 306, the G16 Dandong–Xilinhot Expressway, and the G45 Daqing–Guangzhou Expressway.
The Beijing–Tongliao railway, Jinzhou-Chifeng railway [zh], and the Chifeng-Shenyang railway (Chinese: 赤沈铁路) pass through Songshan.