OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ptarmigan Peak (Baranof Island)

Ptarmigan Peak is a 2,972-foot-elevation (906-meter) mountain summit in Alaska, United States.

## Description

Ptarmigan Peak is located on Baranof Island and 9.4 miles (15.1 km) north-northwest of Port Alexander, Alaska. It is set on land managed by Tongass National Forest. Precipitation runoff from the mountain's east slopes drains to Port Walter, whereas the west slopes drain to Big Branch Bay. Although modest in elevation, topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 2,972 feet (906 m) above tidewater of Big Branch Bay in 1.5 miles (2.4 km) and 1,400 feet (427 m) above an unnamed lake to the north in 0.35 mi (0.56 km). The peak's local name was recorded in 1951 by the U.S. Geological Survey and the toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Ptarmigan Peak is located in a subpolar oceanic climate zone with long, cold, snowy winters, and cool summers. Weather systems coming off the Gulf of Alaska are forced upwards by the mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rain and snow. Winter temperatures can drop to 10 °F with wind chill factors below 0 °F.
# Albertinovac

Albertinovac is a hamlet in Croatia, part of the village of Ledenik in Koška municipality. Until 1960s Albertinovac was an independent settlement, when it was merged with Ledenik.
* This Osijek-Baranja County geography article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Opus Mar

Opus Mar is the second studio album by Canadian rock band Sumo Cyco, released on 31 March 2017.
The band has released music videos for "Anti-Anthem" "Move Mountains", "Sleep Tight", and "Free Yourself".

## Track listing

All songs written by Skye Sweetnam and Matt Drake except "Move Mountains" (Sweetnam, Drake, Webbe).
# ALX3

The ALX3 gene, also known as aristaless-like homeobox 3, is a protein coding gene that provides instructions to build a protein which is a member of the homeobox protein family. This grouping regulates patterns of anatomical development. The gene encodes a nuclear protein that functions as a transcription regulator involved in cell-type differentiation and development.
The ALX3 protein, encoded by the gene, is a transcription factor, meaning that it binds to DNA and obtains control over the action of other genes. The ALX3 protein specifically controls genes that regulate cell growth, proliferation, and migration. This protein is essential for the development of the head and face, specifically the nose. This event begins around the fourth week of development.
At least 7 mutations in the ALX3 gene are known to cause frontonasal dysplasia. The mutations eliminate the function of the ALX3 protein, resulting in decreased ability to bind to DNA. The loss of regulatory function results in uncontrolled cell proliferation and migration during fetal development. One particular form of the disorder, called frontonasal dysplasia type 1, presents with abnormal development of structures in the middle of the face. The most common malformation of this defect is a cleft in the nose, lip, and palate.
ALX3 was first discovered by a group of scientists, led by Hopi Hoekstra, a biologist from Harvard University, that investigated how stripe patterns form in animals. They investigated the Rhabdomys pumiliom, commonly known as the African striped mouse because of the alternating colored stripes observed on its back. One of the members of the team, Ricardo Mallarino, discovered that the stripes were formed during embryogenesis in the mice. Melanocytes, the specialized cells that produce the pigments in the skin, were not active in areas where the lighter stripes were observed. They then researched the genes active in those areas using RNA sequencing. They discovered that ALX3 was expressed in the light hair areas but not in the dark hair areas. They found that all mice expressed the gene on their abdomen but only the African striped mouse expressed it on its back, hence why the strips appear. Protein-DNA binding was then performed to determine where the ALX3 protein binds on the DNA. ALX3 binds to the promoter and represses MITF, which allows transcription to take place when making melanocytes. More tests were performed to confirm the function of ALX3 within the African striped mice. The gene was observed in other rodents such as the North American chipmunks and deemed responsible for the similar outcomes. The differences in evolution amongst the species did not hinder the similarities in the expression of the gene. This led the team to believe that ALX3 may have the same effect in mammals. However, further studies must be completed to confirm that ALX3 is responsible for the same in other mammals.
# Birch Creek (British Columbia)

Birch Creek is a creek located in the Atlin Country region of British Columbia. Birch Creek flows parallel to Boulder Creek and Ruby Creek. The creek is located west of Lake Surprise. Birch Creek flows into Pine Creek and was discovered in 1898. The greatest mining activity took place between 1902 and the start of the First World War. Some mining activity also occurred during the 1930s. The Dominion Trust Company hydraulicked Birch Creek in the 1930s. The largest pure gold nugget in the district was recovered from this creek in 1913. The nugget was 73 ounces. In the Gold Boom years, the Creek was largely ignored as the depth of bed rock discouraged hand mining operations. When gold in other creeks in the vicinity were exhausted, attention was turned to Birch.
# Seven Sisters, Baja California

Seven Sisters is a set of seven surfing point breaks in the Mexican state of Baja California. These breaks break best in the wintertime on West and Northwest swells. All of the point breaks are subject to hazards such as rocks, rip currents and sometime even sharks have been spotted at these breaks.
28°36′58″N 114°11′02″W﻿ / ﻿28.616°N 114.184°W﻿ / 28.616; -114.184
* This article about a location in the Mexican state of Baja California is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Nathan Cobb

Nathan Augustus Cobb (30 June 1859 – 4 June 1932) is known as "the father of nematology in the United States".
He provided the foundations for nematode taxonomy and described over 1000 different nematode species. His technical innovations in nematological methods included fixation and preservation techniques; the Cobb metal mounting slide; improvements in photography and microscopic equipment; and the first device to use flotation to remove nematodes from soil. An individual with a variety of skills, he made significant contributions to a number of scientific disciplines and the USDA Nematology Laboratory, originally established with him as the director, continues today.
He was the father of Frjeda Blanchard, the geneticist who first demonstrated Mendelian inheritance in reptiles.

## Books

This list can be accessed via the Biodiversity Heritage Library. The list is incomplete.
* "A Nematode formula." (1890) Sydney : C. Potter
* "Nematodes, mostly Australian and Fijian." (1893) Sydney : F. Cunninghame & Co., printers
* "The sheep-fluke." (1897) Sydney : W. A. Gullick, gov't. printer
* "Letters on the diseases of plants." (1897) Sydney : W. A. Gullick, gov't. printer
* "Seed wheat: an investigation and discussion of the relative value as seed of large plump and small shrivelled grains." (1903) Sydney : W. A. Gullick, gov't. printer
* "Letters on the diseases of plants. Second series." (1904) Sydney : W. A. Gullick, gov't. printer
* "Methods of using the microscope, camera-lucida and solar projector for purposes of examination and the production of illustrations." (1905) Honolulu : Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association
* "Contributions to a science of nematology." (1914–35) Baltimore : Williams & Wilkins Co.
# Prunus trichostoma

Prunus trichostoma (Chinese: 川西樱桃) is a species of cherry found in Tibet, Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces of China. A shrubby tree 2 to 10 m tall, it prefers to grow 1000 to 4000 m above sea level. It is a common member of the shrub layer.
# Prunus tomentosa

Prunus tomentosa is a species of Prunus native to northern and western China (including Tibet), Korea, Mongolia, and possibly northern India (Jammu and Kashmir, though probably only cultivated there). Common names for Prunus tomentosa include Nanjing cherry, Korean cherry, Manchu cherry, downy cherry, Shanghai cherry, Ando cherry, mountain cherry, Chinese bush cherry, and Chinese dwarf cherry.

## Description

It is a deciduous shrub, irregular in shape, 0.3–3 m (rarely 4 m) high and possibly somewhat wider. The bark is glabrous and copper-tinted black. The leaves are alternate, 2–7 cm long and 1–3.5 cm broad, oval to obovate, acuminate with irregularly serrate margins, rugose, dark green, pubescent above and tomentose below, with glandular petioles. The flowers are white or pink in a scarlet calyx, opening with or before the leaves in spring. They are reliably profuse, arranged in clusters on scarlet pedicels and are 1.5–2.0 cm in diameter. The fruit is a sweet but slightly tart drupe 5–12 mm (rarely to 25 mm) in diameter, scarlet, ripening in early summer, with a large seed. Though often called a "cherry" and superficially resembling them, Nanking cherry is closer related to plums than true cherries. It prefers full sun and grows naturally in a variety of soils. It is drought-resistant, and cold-resistant to hardiness zone 2.
* Flowers
* Leaves
* Fruits
* Pollen

## Uses

The plant has long been widely cultivated throughout eastern Asia for its flowers and fruit. It was introduced to the British Isles in 1870, and the United States by the Arnold Arboretum in 1892.
It is cultivated for a number of purposes. The fruit is edible, being an ingredient of juice, jam, and wine, and in pickled vegetables and mushrooms. It is also grown as an ornamental plant, prized for its flowers and fruit, and pruned for bonsai, twin-trunk or clump shapes, or left upright. It is used for dwarfing rootstock for other cherries. In Manchuria and the Midwest United States, the shrub is planted in hedgerows to provide a windbreak. Under cultivation, it flourishes in well-drained, slightly acidic soil.
Several cultivars are grown; examples include 'Graebneriana' (Germany), 'Insularis' (Japan and Korea), 'Leucocarpa' (Manchuria; white fruit), and 'Spaethiana' (Europe).

## Problems

Prunus tomentosa can suffer from borer insects, and under stress can have brown rot. It is not a good cherry choice for places around the world where tolerance for heat and humidity is needed such as the southern United States.

## Classification

Carl Peter Thunberg described the species from cultivated material collected in Japan between August 1775 and November 1776 while based on Dejima Island in Nagasaki Bay. He published it twice, first in Murray's Systema Vegetabilium, ed. 14 (p. 464) in May–June 1784, and again in Thunberg's Flora Japonica (p. 203) in August 1784. He described the species as "fol. ovatis subtus tomentosis", leaving no doubt that the plant was named from the tomentum (literally 'stuffing'), or wooly hairs, on the underside of the leaves. Murray gives credit to Thunberg.
# Proto-Bopper

Proto-Bopper is an album by pianist Joe Albany recorded in 1972 and released on the Revelation label in the US and on Spotlite in the UK.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Allmusic's Scott Yanow said: "Despite an out-of-tune piano on a few of the songs, this is a worthy and historical set".

## Track listing

* "When Lights Are Low" (Benny Carter) – 5:00
* "Our Love Affair Is Over" (Joe Albany, Bob Whitlock) – 5:00
* "You Don't Know What Love Is" (Gene de Paul, Don Raye) – 3:30
* "For Heaven's Sake" (Elise Bretton, Sherman Edwards, Donald Meyer) – 2:30
* "Gettin' Sentimental Over You" (George Bassman, Ned Washington) – 5:10
* "Yardbird Suite" (Charlie Parker) – 3:56
* "Imagination" (Jimmy Van Heusen, Johnny Burke) – 3:30
* "Like Someone in Love" (Van Heusen, Burke) – 2:50
* "C.C. Rider" (Traditional) – 4:33
* "You're Blasé" (Ord Hamilton, Bruce Sievier) – 3:15
* "Suddenly, It's Spring" (Victor Young) – 3:00

## Personnel

* Joe Albany – piano
* Bob Whitlock – bass (tracks 1, 2, 5, 6, 9 & 10)
* Nick Martinis (track 10), Jerry McKenzie (tracks 1, 2, 5, 6 & 9) – drums
# Pristimantis aurantiguttatus

Pristimantis aurantiguttatus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forests.
# Protestantism in Poland

Protestantism in Poland
Protestantism in Poland is the third largest faith in Poland, after the Roman Catholic Church (32,440,722) and the Polish Orthodox Church (503,996). As of 2018 there were 103 registered Protestant denominations in Poland, and in 2023 there were 130,000 Protestants in the country (0.35% of the population).

## History

King Sigismund II Augustus came to power during the Reformation. His words “I am not the ruler of human consciences" gave the country a tolerance for the new faith. During this time, several members of the nobility decided to follow Lutheranism or Calvinism. In 1565, the Polish Brethren came into existence as a Nontrinitarian sect of Calvinism. In 1573, a year after the King's death, the Polish Sejm approved the Warsaw Confederation, ensuring freedom of religion to all religious communities in Poland and Lithuania. This was created to ensure peace and internal stability of the state. However, there was opposition to the new churches and the Polish Brethren were banned and some of its leaders executed.
By the first half of the 18th century, Protestants were barred from most civil offices, including being elected to the Sejm.
Eventually King Charles XII of Sweden forced the Habsburg Emperor Joseph I to allow Protestants to practice unencumbered. The Treaty of Altranstaedt in 1707 allowed new churches to be built and the return of more than 100 churches confiscated during the Counter-Reformation. The Protestant community began to grow again, especially in Cieszyn.

## 21st century

Most Protestants (mainly Lutherans) in the country live in historically Protestant regions such as Cieszyn Silesia and Warmia-Masuria and in major urban areas. The only town in the country with a majority Protestant population is Wisła.
Major denominations (with at least two thousand followers) classified as Protestant by Poland's Central Statistical Office (as of 2020) include:
* Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland: 60,900 members
* Pentecostal Church in Poland: 24,840 adherents
* Seventh-day Adventist Church in Poland: 9,838 adherents
* Fellowship of Christian Churches in Poland (Kościół Chrystusowy w RP): 6,645 adherents
* Baptist Union of Poland: 5,470 baptized members
* New Apostolic Church in Poland: 5,257 adherents
* Church of God in Christ (Pentecostal): 5,023 adherents
* United Methodist Church in Poland: 4,443 adherents
* Evangelical-Reformed Church in Poland: 3,200 adherents
* Church of Free Christians in the Republic of Poland: 3,045 adherents (data for 2019)
* Church of God in Poland (Pentecostal): 2,826 adherents
* Church of Evangelical Christians in the Republic of Poland: 2,357 adherents
# Prunus incisoserrata

Prunus incisoserrata (Chinese: 锐齿臭樱, meaning "sharp-toothed flowering cherry") is a species of Prunus native to central China, preferring to grow at 1100–2900 m. It is a shrub reaching a height of 2–5 m. On Huangshan Mountain it is found growing beneath Prunus clarofolia and alongside fellow shrubs Symplocos paniculata, Hydrangea chinensis, Neillia hanceana, Morus australis and Kerria japonica.
# Prototheora drackensbergae

Prototheora drackensbergae is a species of moth of the family Prototheoridae. It is found in South Africa, where it is known only from the type locality east of the Drakensberg escarpment in KwaZulu-Natal.
The wingspan is about 20.3 mm.

## Etymology

The specific name is derived from the genitive form of the general type locality, the Drakensberg mountains.
# Prototheora malawiensis

Prototheora malawiensis is a species of moth of the family Prototheoridae. It is found in Malawi.
# Prototheora corvifera

Prototheora corvifera is a species of moth of the family Prototheoridae. It is found in South Africa, where it is known only from the top of Table Mountain.
The wingspan is 20–23 mm. Adults have been recorded from the beginning of February to mid-March.
# Prototheora geniculata

Prototheora geniculata is a species of moth of the family Prototheoridae. It is found in South Africa, where it known only from the Schoemanspoort in the Cape Province, which is located in a southern extension of the Karoo desert, generally referred to as the Little Karoo.
The wingspan is 14–17 mm. Adults have been recorded in mid-March.
# Proud Mary: The Best of Ike & Tina Turner

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Christgau's Record Guide | A− |
| Entertainment Weekly | B− |
Proud Mary: The Best of Ike & Tina Turner is a compilation album released as part of EMI's Legends Of Rock N' Roll Series in 1991. In 2003, Rolling Stone magazine ranked the album number 212 on their list of the 500 greatest albums of all time (number 214 on 2012 revised list, and number 392 in the 2020 edition).

## Content

Proud Mary: The Best of Ike & Tina Turner features some of Ike & Tina's greatest hits from their formation in 1960 until their separation in 1976. The tracks were previously released on Sue Records, Minit Records, Liberty Records, and United Artists Records. Due to license issues, the version of "River Deep, Mountain High" on the album is not the original wall of sound production by Phil Spector, but has no further details on the date of recording. Included are two additional and hidden tracks, which are radio promotions for the album Come Together.

## Critical reception

Reviewing Proud Mary: The Best of Ike & Tina Turner for Entertainment Weekly, Ira Robbins wrote:
   Long before she became a household name in the '80s, Tina Turner earned her place in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as an incendiary rhythm & blues belter, the riveting centerpiece of her husband Ike's kinetic soul revue. This limited compilation of the Turners' career begins with their first seven singles together — gutsy Southern soul stirrers recorded between 1960 and 1962 — then leaps to 1970, when the duo cannily began targeting the rock audience with idiosyncratic interpretations of the Beatles' "Come Together" and Creedence Clearwater’s "Proud Mary." Al Quaglieri's exemplary liner notes provide fascinating background and insight, but Proud Mary: The Best of Ike and Tina Turner still isn't a first-rate retrospective. If nothing else, the inclusion of a modest remake of "River Deep, Mountain High" instead of the monumental version produced by Phil Spector, makes Proud Mary a compromise rather than a victory.

## Personnel

* Ike Turner – vocals, guitar, bass
* Tina Turner – vocals
* The Ikettes – backing vocalists
* Ike Turner (tracks: 1 to 15, 17 to 22), Juggy Murray (tracks: 1 to 3, 5 to 7), Claude Williams (tracks: 19 to 21), Gerhard Augustin (tracks: 16, 20, 21), Denny Diante (tracks 22 & 23), Spencer Proffer (tracks 22 & 23) – original producers
* Ron Furmanek – compilation producer
# Prometheus Cave Natural Monument

Prometheus Cave Natural Monument (Georgian: პრომეთეს მღვიმე) also known as Kumistavi Cave (Georgian: ყუმისთავის მღვიმე) and Tsqaltubo Cave (Georgian: ღლიანის მღვიმე) is a karst cave located in Tsqaltubo Municipality in Imereti region of Georgia.

## Morphology

Prometheus Cave formed in Sataphlia-Tskaltubo karst massif. The total length of the cave is about 11 km, of which 1800 m are open to visitors. The cave has a total of 22 halls, six of which are currently open to tourists. Visitors currently could experience these caves at depths of about 80 mts below ground level.

## Fauna

The inhabitants of the cave include Trachysphaera, Folsomides, Pseudachorutes, Inotrechus, Laemostenus, Bergrothia, Ceratophysella, Hypogastrura, Pseudacherontides, Sphaeridia, Folsomia, Plutomurus, Proisotoma, Campodea, Cochlicopa, Vitrinoxychilus, Physella, Codiella, Graptoppia, Oribella, Macrocheles and Xiphocaridinella.

## History

The cave was discovered and studied by Georgian speleologists (consisted of the leader Mr. Jumber Jishkariani and the members: Tamaz Kobulashvili, Amiran Jamrishvili, Vakhtang Kapanadze, Kote Nizharadze) in the early 1980s. It is part of a large cave system, united by one underground river. Currently, about 30 km of the river has been investigated, which is about half the length of the entire cave system.
In 1985 the conversion of the cave into a sightseeing tourist destination began. By 1989, a pedestrian route was laid in the cave for about 1 kilometer, stairs and paths were built, and a 150-meter tunnel was punched out at the exit and the construction of ground-floor buildings began. The cave was equipped with temporary lighting, and small groups of tourists started to visit.
In 1990, due to the collapse of the Soviet Union and a lack of funds, the project was closed. For several years a local citizen protected the cave from vandals, as memorialized by a statue of him and his dog at the cave's entrance.
In 2007, 17 years after the closure of the project, the Georgian authorities returned to the idea of the conversion of the cave into a tourist destination once again. President of Georgia Mikheil Saakashvili, who visited cave in 2010, gave an impetus to cave transformation into a tourist object, and suggested new name — Prometheus Cave, since the legendary antique protagonist Prometheus was chained to the mountains approximately in this area. ( Local legend makes Prometheus enchained to the bluffs of Khvamli, being perpetually tortured by a raven.) In a year cave was refurnished and reopened to visitors on May 26, 2011.