OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cambridge Behavioural Inventory

The Cambridge Behavioural Inventory (CBI) and its revised version, Cambridge Behavioural Inventory-Revised (CBI-R), are informant-based questionnaires that evaluate the emergence of behavioural symptoms in neurodegenerative brain disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease (HD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD).

## Cambridge Behavioural Inventory - Revised

The current version of the questionnaire is the Cambridge Behavioural Inventory-Revised (CBI-R). It was developed as a shorter, more user-friendly version of the original CBI.
The CBI was developed to assess a wide range of affective, behavioural and cognitive symptoms in patients with neurodegenerative brain diseases. Components of the questionnaire derive from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), the General Health Questionnaire, and an earlier questionnaire found to distinguish between the neuropsychiatric features of frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
The CBI-R consists of 45 items and evaluates 10 functional/behavioural domains: memory and orientation, everyday skills, self-care, abnormal behaviour, mood, beliefs, eating habits, sleep, stereotypic and motor behaviours, and motivation.

### Scoring

The CBI-R is completed by a family member or close friend of the patient. The frequency of a behaviour over the previous month is rated on a scale of 0 to 4, where 0 = never; 1 = a few times per month; 2 = a few times per week; 3 = daily; 4 = constantly. Ratings are totalled for each domain to score the questionnaire.

### Validity

The CBI-R was validated against the original questionnaire in a cohort of 450 patients (PD = 215, AD = 96, HD = 75 and bvFTD = 64). It demonstrated adequate internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha exceeding 0.7 for seven of nine domains. Correlations between subdomains were high (r > 0.6, p < 0.0001).

## Cambridge Behavioural Inventory

The original CBI comprised 81 items assessing 13 domains: memory, orientation and attention, everyday skills, self-care, mood, beliefs, challenging behaviour, disinhibition, eating habits, sleep, stereotypic and motor behaviours, motivation, and insight and awareness. Scoring is identical to the CBI-R.

### Validity

In a preliminary validation study, the Japanese version of the CBI demonstrated high test-retest reliability (Spearman's rho = 0.907, p < .001) over 14 days in a sample of 42 caregivers (AD = 27, FTD = 7, DLB = 2, VD = 2, Other dementias = 4).
With a cohort of 24 caregivers (AD = 19, DLB = 4, TBI = 1), convergent reliability was established by correlating scores on CBI subscales to relevant subscales on the NPI. All but two correlation coefficients (anxiety, stereotypic and motor behaviours) exceeded 0.6 and all correlations were significant at the 0.05 level.
The CBI was found to be useful in distinguishing between the behavioural profiles of FTD, AD, PD and HD in a cohort of 450 patients (PD = 215, AD = 96, HD = 75 and bvFTD = 64).
# Babinec

Babinec may refer to:
* Babinec, Slovakia
* Babinec, Croatia
* Babinec (surname)
# Oecothea

Oecothea is a genus of flies in the family Heleomyzidae. There are at least 20 described species in Oecothea.

## Species

These 20 species belong to the genus Oecothea:
* O. acuta Gorodkov, 1959$^{cg}$
* O. aristata (Malloch, 1919)
* O. desertorum Gorodkov, 1959$^{cg}$
* O. dubia Gorodkov, 1959$^{cg}$
* O. dubinini Gorodkov, 1959$^{cg}$
* O. ellobii Gorodkov, 1978$^{cg}$
* O. fenestralis (Fallén, 1820)
* O. hamulifera Gorodkov, 1959$^{cg}$
* O. hungarica Papp, 1980$^{cg}$
* O. kapitonovi Gorodkov, 1964$^{cg}$
* O. longipes Gorodkov, 1959$^{cg}$
* O. macrocerca Gorodkov, 1959$^{cg}$
* O. mongolica Gorodkov, 1969$^{cg}$
* O. pakistanica (Okadome, 1991)$^{cg}$
* O. pamirica Gorodkov, 1959$^{cg}$
* O. praecox Loew, 1862$^{cg}$
* O. similis Gorodkov, 1969$^{cg}$
* O. specus (Aldrich, 1897)$^{icgb}$
* O. syriaca Villeneuve, 1924$^{cg}$
* O. ushinskii Gorodkov, 1959$^{cg}$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Achille Lega

Achille Lega (21 April 1899 – 28 January 1934) was an Italian painter. His early work was in the futurist style and he later became a cubist.
Lega was born in Brisighella but lived in Florence from the age of ten. He first studied painting with Ludovico Tommasi, who belonged to the Postmacchiaioli movement. In 1914, he enrolled into the Academy of Fine Arts but abandoned the studies after two years. Lega's first notable painting, The Pier of Livorno, was produced in 1914 under the influence of Tommasi, however, it went well beyond emulating the style of Tommasi.
In July 1915, Lega was invited to participate in a collective art exhibition in Pistoia. In subsequent years, he was interested in such subjects as rural life, painting in a strongly simplified manner. In the 1910s, he was a regular customer of cafe Giubbe rosse in Florence, where, in particular, he met with futurists including Ardengo Soffici, Umberto Boccioni, and Filippo Tommaso Marinetti who influenced his art. He became friends with Ottone Rosai and remained close to Rosai until his death. Between 1916 and 1919, Lega was mainly under the influence of Soffici, following futurist trends but remaining within figurative art.
In 1918, Lega was drafted as a soldier and for a short time was posted in Carrara.
Starting from 1919, for several years he participated in yearly Grand Futurist Exhibitions organized by Marinetti in Milan. On 15 November 1922, Lega's first personal exhibition was opened in Florence. Between 1926 and 1933, Lega collaborated with the biweekly magazine Il Selvaggio, not only providing illustrations, but sometimes writing articles. Between 1926 and 1929 he exhibited in Milan with the Novecento Italiano art movement, which also included Mario Sironi, Achille Funi, and Gian Emilio Malerba. In this period, he also changed his style, preferring simplified geometrical forms. Between 1928 and 1934, Lega exhibited at the Biennale in Venice. He died in Florence on 28 January 1934.
# Qui facit per alium facit per se

Qui facit per alium facit per se (anglicised Late Latin), which means "He who acts through another does the act himself", is a fundamental legal maxim of the law of agency. It is a maxim often stated in discussing the liability of employer for the act of employee in terms of vicarious liability."
According to this maxim, if in the nature of things, the master is obliged to perform the duties by employing servants, he is responsible for their act in the same way that he is responsible for his own acts.
The maxim is a shortened form of the fuller 18th-century formulation: qui facit per alium, est perinde ac si facit per se ipsum: "whoever acts through another acts as if he were doing it himself."
Indirectly, the principle is in action or present in the duty that has been represented by the agent so the duty performed will be seen as the performance of the agent himself. Whatever a principal can do for himself, can be done through an agent. The exception to this maxim would be acts of personal nature.

## Other uses

The expression is also the motto of The Perse School, Cambridge, United Kingdom, where it is interpreted, somewhat poetically, as "He who does good to another does good to himself."
# Ozuluama de Mascareñas (municipality)

Ozuluama de Mascareñas is a municipality in the Mexican state of Veracruz. It is located in the state's Huasteca Alta region, on the west shore of Tamiahua Lagoon. The municipal seat is the village of Ozuluama.
In the 2005 INEGI Census, Ozuluama de Mascareñas reported a total population of 23,190, of whom 3,439 lived in the municipal seat. Of the municipality's inhabitants, 284 spoke an indigenous language, primarily Nahuatl.
The municipality of Ozuluama de Mascareñas covers a total surface area of 2,357.39 km$^2$.
The name "Ozuluama" is Nahuatl in origin. The epithet "de Mascareñas" (awarded 20 August 1980) honours Colonel Francisco Esteban Mascareñas, who was born here and fought on the Liberal side in the Reform War.

## Settlements in the municipality

* Ozuluama de Mascareñas (municipal seat; 2005 population 3,439)
* Cucharas (population 2,500)
* Tierra y Libertad (1,650)
* La Laja (850)
* San Gregorio (760)
# Cameroon racer

The Cameroon racer, Poecilopholis cameronensis, is a species of rear-fanged mildly venomous snake endemic to Africa. Poecilopholis is a monotypic genus created for this species.

## Geographic range

As the specific name implies, Poecilopholis cameronensis is found in Cameroon.

## Description

The maxillary has about 10 small subequal teeth. The head is small, and not distinct from the neck, and the snout is rounded. The eyes are small, with round pupils, and the nostril is pierced in a single nasal scale, without internasals. Only one prefrontal, in contact with the rostral, is present. No loreal is present, and the preocular contacts the nasal. It has a cylindrical body, and the tail is short.
The dorsal scales are smooth, without apical pits, and are arranged in 15 rows at midbody. Ventrals 178; anal plate divided; subcaudals also divided (in two rows).
Dorsally, it is blackish-olive, and the lateral scales have whitish centers. The upper lip has a triangular patch from behind the upper labials to the outer border of the parietal. The ventral color is white, and the ventral scales are edged with dark olive. The rostral is bent over the snout between the rather large nasals, forming a suture with the single prefrontal, which is twice as broad as long. The frontal is slightly longer than broad, slightly longer than the prefrontal, two-thirds the length of the parietals. One preocular and two postoculars are present. It has an elongated anterior temporal scale. Five upper labials occur, with the third entering the eye. Three lower labials are in contact with the anterior chin shield. It has two pairs of small chin shields, the anterior pair slightly shorter than the posterior pair.
The type specimen is 52 cm (20.5 in) in total length, which includes a tail 43 mm (1.6 in) long.

## Subspecies

No subspecies are currently recognized.
# October File

October File may refer to:
* October File (album), a 1986 album by Die Kreuzen
* October File (band), a British post-punk band, named after the Die Kreuzen album
# Pniówek Coal Mine

The Pniówek coal mine is a large mine in the south of Poland in Pniówek, Silesian Voivodeship, 350 km south-west of the capital, Warsaw. Pniówek represents one of the largest coal reserves in Poland, having estimated reserves of 101.3 million tonnes of coal. The annual coal production is around 5.16 million tonnes.
# OggConvert

OggConvert is a free and open-source transcoder for digital audio and video files of various types into the free Ogg Vorbis audio format, and the Theora, VP8 and Dirac video formats. It supports Ogg, Matroska and WebM containers for output. It is developed by a single author, primarily for Linux. A number of community translations exist for the software.
OggConvert is nominally a GNOME utility, but depends only on the GStreamer Python bindings package and uses GTK+ libraries, allowing it to run in a number of desktop environments. An Experimental Windows version exists and limited support is offered for Solaris and macOS, as the author is unable to test on these platforms.
OggConvert uses a point and click interface, requiring the selection of a file and format to convert to. Providing a gstreamer plugin exists for the media you want to convert, it supports a wide variety of file types.
OggConvert is available to download from the author's page as packaged files for Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian and Windows. The source code is also available.
# All Out War

All Out War may refer to:
* All Out War (band), an American hardcore band
* All Out War (book), a 2016 book by Tim Shipman
* All Out War (album), a 2012 album by Incite
* All-Out War, a DC Comics publication
* All Out War, the title of the 20th and 21st volumes of The Walking Dead comic book series
* All Out War, the 1992 debut EP by Earth Crisis
* Total war, a war limitless in its scope
* Absolute war, a philosophical construct developed by von Clausewitz
# Quadratosoma

Quadratosoma is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Quadratosoma rufum Townsend, 1914

## Distribution

Peru.
# York South—Weston

York South—Weston could refer to:
* York South—Weston (federal electoral district)
* York South—Weston (provincial electoral district)
# POPDC2

Popeye domain-containing protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the POPDC2 gene.

## Structure

This gene encodes a member of the POP family of proteins which contain three putative transmembrane domains. This membrane associated protein is predominantly expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle. The Popeye domain, which is located in the cytoplasmic part of the protein displays limited sequence homology to other proteins, while sequence conservation amongst Popeye proteins is high and amounts to approximately 40%–60%.

## Function

The bacterial CAP or CRP proteins are the closest related non-Popdcproteins. CRP proteins function as cyclic nucleotide-regulated transcription factors that modulate the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. The cyclic AMP-binding domains of these proteins display approximately 25% identity and 60% similarity to the Popeye domain. Significant structural similarity is evident between the Popeye domain and cAMP binding domains of eukaryotic protein kinase A (PKA) and HCN channels.

## Ligands

The Popeye domain binds cyclic nucleotides and has a binding affinity (IC$_{50}$) for cAMP of 120 nM, which is comparable to the affinities reported for PKA (100 nM) and HCN4 (240 nM). One of the interacting proteins is the two-pore potassium (K2P) channel TREK-1. In the presence of Popdc proteins, TREK-1 current is increased. This increase was based on an enhanced membrane representation of TREK-1, suggesting a modulation of channel trafficking by Popdc proteins.

## Animal studies

Genetic inactivation of Popdc2 in mice resulted in bradyarrhythmia, which is strictly stress-dependent. At rest a normal ECG was observed. Gene inactivation in the zebrafish also causes a cardiac arrhythmia phenotype and defective skeletal muscle development.
# Podocalyxin

Podocalyxin, a sialoglycoprotein, is thought to be the major constituent of the glycocalyx of podocytes in the glomerulus (Bowman's capsule) in the kidneys. It is a member of the CD34 family of transmembrane sialomucins. It coats the secondary foot processes of the podocytes. It is negatively charged and thus functions through charge repulsion to keep adjacent foot processes separated, thereby keeping the urinary filtration barrier open. This function is further supported by knockout studies in mice which reveal an essential role in podocyte morphogenesis and a role in the opening of vascular lumens and regulation of vascular permeability. Of note, this is the only cell surface sialomucin knockout known to display a lethal phenotype.
Podocalyxin is also upregulated in a number of cancers and is frequently associated with poor prognosis. Podocalyxin is important for us to potentially provide a better understanding of cancer development and its aggressiveness through induced cell migration and the invasion from interacting with the actin-binding protein EZR. Effects of the EZR-dependent signaling events, among many other signal disturbances, can lead to increased activity in other vital pathways of cancer cells. Sialylated, O-glycosylated glycoforms of podocalyxin expressed by colon carcinoma cells possess L-selectin and E-selectin binding activity, and the affinity of the binding may be pivotal to the metastatic spread of colon carcinoma cells. At the cellular level podocalyxin has also been shown to regulate the size and topology of apical cell domains and act as a potent inducer of microvillus formation.
Podocalyxin is also known as TRA-1-60 and is a marker of pluripotent stem cells.
Discussion
Podocalyxin has been found to possess post a few translational modification events and likely has more to be discovered. There are Glycosylated O-linked events with the amino acid Serine at position 144, and two N-linked glycosylation events with Asparagine at positions 193 and 395. Along with phosphorylation residues at positions 570 and 596 with Serine. The composition of the Podocalyxin transmembrane protein consists of acidic residues from position 162–192, many polar residues at positions 200–219, 230–267, and 554–568, as well as containing both basic and acidic residues from position 590–605.
It has been found that the length of the protein is 605 amino acids and has a mass of about 65,076 daltons. The structure consists of topological domains at position 33-500 being extracellular and position 522-605 being cytoplasmic. The transmembrane domain is helical in structure at position 501–521.
To go further in our understanding about this protein in understanding the pathology of mutagenesis could help biotech companies and the medical industry tremendously, as could growing our current knowledge of all proteins especially those relating to developments in cancer. Currently there are known mutation events at positions 97, 118, and 124 on the extracellular region of the protein likely altering protein structure and transduction signaling not invoking a correct bodily response.
# Babiana longicollis

Babiana longicollis is a species of plant in the family Iridaceae. It is endemic to Namibia.
# Poff, Virginia

Poff is an unincorporated community in Floyd County, Virginia, United States.
# WTGA

WTGA may refer to:
* WTGA (AM), a defunct radio station (1590 AM) formerly licensed to serve Thomaston, Georgia, United States
* WTGA-FM, a radio station (101.1 FM) licensed to serve Thomaston, Georgia
# Actoria gens

The gens Actoria was an obscure Roman family of the late Republic or early Empire. The only member of this gens mentioned in history is Marcus Actorius Naso, whom Suetonius quotes as an authority on the life or times of Caesar. Other Actorii are known from inscriptions.

## Members

* Marcus Actorius Naso, quoted by Suetonius in his "Life of Caesar". The historian does not state the period at which Naso lived, but the manner in which he is described suggests that he might have been Caesar's contemporary.
* Lucius Actorius L. l. Sphaerus, a freedman buried at Narbo in Gallia Narbonensis during the Augustan Age. He was a sagarius, or dealer in mantles.
# Mt. Egypt

Mt. Egypt was the moniker for Travis Graves, an American singer-songwriter from Virginia. In 2002, skateboarding friend Jason Dill connected Graves to the label Record Collection. The following year, Mt. Egypt released his debut album, Battening the Hatches.
In 2006, Mt. Egypt toured his second album, Perspectives (2005), with Band of Horses; he has also toured with The Flaming Lips and Willie Nelson.
His final album III was released in 2009 in a limited print of 100 vinyl LPs, available in California record stores Amoeba Records and Aquarius Records (store), as well as other selected outlets.
Graves died 29th of August 2023.

## Discography

* Battening the Hatches (Record Collection, 2003)
* Perspectives (Record Collection, 2005)
* III (Secret Seven, 2009)
# Quadratic residue code

A quadratic residue code is a type of cyclic code.

## Examples

Examples of quadratic residue codes include the $(7,4)$ Hamming code over $GF(2)$, the $(23,12)$ binary Golay code over $GF(2)$ and the $(11,6)$ ternary Golay code over $GF(3)$.

## Constructions

There is a quadratic residue code of length $p$ over the finite field $GF(l)$ whenever $p$ and $l$ are primes, $p$ is odd, and $l$ is a quadratic residue modulo $p$. Its generator polynomial as a cyclic code is given by
    $f(x)=\prod _{j\in Q}(x-\zeta ^{j})$
where $Q$ is the set of quadratic residues of $p$ in the set $\{1,2,\ldots ,p-1\}$ and $\zeta$ is a primitive $p$th root of unity in some finite extension field of $GF(l)$. The condition that $l$ is a quadratic residue of $p$ ensures that the coefficients of $f$ lie in $GF(l)$. The dimension of the code is $(p+1)/2$. Replacing $\zeta$ by another primitive $p$-th root of unity $\zeta ^{r}$ either results in the same code or an equivalent code, according to whether or not $r$ is a quadratic residue of $p$.
An alternative construction avoids roots of unity. Define
    $g(x)=c+\sum _{j\in Q}x^{j}$
for a suitable $c\in GF(l)$. When $l=2$ choose $c$ to ensure that $g(1)=1$. If $l$ is odd, choose $c=(1+{\sqrt {p^{*}}})/2$, where $p^{*}=p$ or $-p$ according to whether $p$ is congruent to $1$ or $3$ modulo $4$. Then $g(x)$ also generates a quadratic residue code; more precisely the ideal of $F_{l}[X]/\langle X^{p}-1\rangle$ generated by $g(x)$ corresponds to the quadratic residue code.

## Weight

The minimum weight of a quadratic residue code of length $p$ is greater than ${\sqrt {p}}$; this is the square root bound.

## Extended code

Adding an overall parity-check digit to a quadratic residue code gives an extended quadratic residue code. When $p\equiv 3$ (mod $4$) an extended quadratic residue code is self-dual; otherwise it is equivalent but not equal to its dual. By the Gleason–Prange theorem (named for Andrew Gleason and Eugene Prange), the automorphism group of an extended quadratic residue code has a subgroup which is isomorphic to either $PSL_{2}(p)$ or $SL_{2}(p)$.

## Decoding Method

Since late 1980, there are many algebraic decoding algorithms were developed for correcting errors on quadratic residue codes. These algorithms can achieve the (true) error-correcting capacity $\lfloor (d-1)/2\rfloor$ of the quadratic residue codes with the code length up to 113. However, decoding of long binary quadratic residue codes and non-binary quadratic residue codes continue to be a challenge. Currently, decoding quadratic residue codes is still an active research area in the theory of error-correcting code.