OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Branchville, South Carolina

Branchville is a town in Orangeburg County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 1,024 at the 2010 census.

## History

The community was so named because a railroad branch began at the town site.
Branchville, located on the southern tip of Orangeburg County, is home to the world's oldest railroad junction. The junction was built in 1828 and ran from Charleston to Branchville and was on the route of the country's first scheduled train. For more than a century, Branchville's economy was based on railroad passenger service.
The Southern Railway Passenger Depot was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

## Geography

Branchville is located at 33°15′7″N 80°49′4″W﻿ / ﻿33.25194°N 80.81778°W﻿ / 33.25194; -80.81778 (33.252055, -80.817778).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 3.3 square miles (8.5 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Branchville racial composition :
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 532 | 53.31% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 416 | 41.68% |
| Native American | 8 | 0.8% |
| Asian | 7 | 0.7% |
| Other/Mixed | 28 | 2.81% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 7 | 0.7% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 998 people, 450 households, and 263 families residing in the town.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,083 people, 446 households, and 276 families residing in the town. The population density was 331.2 inhabitants per square mile (127.9/km$^2$). There were 508 housing units at an average density of 155.3 per square mile (60.0/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 54.48% White, 43.12% African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 1.11% from other races, and 1.02% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.39% of the population.
There were 446 households, out of which 27.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.7% were married couples living together, 16.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.9% were non-families. 35.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.12.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.3% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 24.0% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 72.7 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $22,429, and the median income for a family was $34,625. Males had a median income of $26,607 versus $20,917 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,509. About 17.5% of families and 20.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.8% of those under age 18 and 18.6% of those age 65 or over.
# Monument to Alfonso XIII (Madrid)

The Monument to Alfonso XIII is an instance of public art in Madrid, Spain. Located in the Ciudad Universitaria, it consists of a bronze statue dedicated to Alfonso XIII, signifying the latter's role as promoter behind the erection of the campus in the 1920s.

## History and description

The Permanent Committee of the Junta of Ciudad Universitaria awarded the design of a statue of Alfonso XIII to Fructuoso Orduna in March 1941. The statue is the casting of one of the two plaster models of the former monarch that Orduna completed back by 1946. The other one was about 5 metre high. The plaster sculpture languished for decades stored in Arganda del Rey until it was cast in bronze.
Gustavo Villapalos, the rector of the Complutense University of Madrid, decided to place the statue in the Ciudad Universitaria, and it was thus unveiled on 28 September 1988 during a ceremony attended by the Count of Barcelona (son of Alfonso XIII) and María de las Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies as well as their daughters Pilar and Margarita.
The bronze figure, about 2.5 metre high, consists of a standing full-body depiction of Alfonso XIII wearing the clothes of Grand Maester of the Order of Charles III and the collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece while holding a scepter with his left hand.
The discreet pasture chosen as location for the monument makes it easy for the latter to become a target for vandal attacks.
# The World University

The World University (WU) was an educational institution based in Benson, Arizona, United States. It was dedicated to education in esoteric, spiritual, and non-traditional subjects.

## History

It was founded by H. John Zitko (1911–2003), who served as WU's president. The World University Roundtable, the university's parent corporation, was proposed in Los Angeles, California, on December 21, 1946, and formed as a nonprofit corporation on February 24, 1947. The World University was established on December 21, 1967, by the Roundtable membership.
In 1969, WU purchased a complex of buildings in Tucson, Arizona, which served as the university's campus. In 1985, WU purchased an 80-acre (320,000 m$^2$) property, the "Desert Sanctuary Campus," located at the foot of the Rincon Mountain Range near Benson, Arizona, and in 1987 completed the move of its operations to the latter location. After Dr. Zitko's death in 2003, interest in the University has waned. The Benson property was sold and the money is held in trust by Beth Zitko, Dr. Zitko's daughter. Very little is being done with the World University except for the sale of Dr. Zitko's Lemurian Theo-Christic Conception lessons.
# Richard Roth

Richard Roth may refer to:
* Richard Roth (CBS News journalist) (born 1949), American journalist for CBS News
* Richard Roth (journalist) (born 1955), American journalist for CNN
* Richard Roth (politician) (born 1950), American politician
* Dick Roth (Richard William Roth, born 1947), American swimmer
# Richard Pare

Richard Pare (born 20 January 1948 in Portsmouth, England) is an English photographer known for his work documenting Soviet modernist architecture. He was born in Portsmouth, England, on 20 January 1948. He studied graphic design and photography at Winchester and Ravensbourne College of Art before attending the Art Institute of Chicago. He received a Master of Fine Arts from Chicago in 1973. He was the founding curator of the Photography Collection of the Canadian Centre for Architecture.
Richard Pare curated the exhibition "Photography and Architecture: 1839–1939" at the Canadian Centre for Architecture in 1982. Exhibitions of his photographs include "Lost Vanguard: Soviet Modernist Architecture, 1922–32" (2007) and "Le Corbusier: An Atlas of Modern Landscapes" at the Museum of Modern Art (2013).

## Selected publications

* Richard Pare (1982). Photography and Architecture, 1839–1939. Montréal: Canadian Centre for Architecture; [New York]: Callaway Editions.
* Richard Pare (1996). The Colours of Light: Tadao Ando Architecture. London: Phaidon.
* Richard Pare (2007). The Lost Vanguard: Russian Modernist Architecture 1922-1932. New York: The Monacelli Press.
* Richard Pare and Jean-Louis Cohen (2018). Le Corbusier: The Built Work. New York: The Monacelli Press.
* Richard Pare (2018). Tadao Ando: The Colours of Light, Volume 1. London: Phaidon. (2nd edition)
# Richard David Muir

Sir Richard David Muir (1857–1924) was a prosecutor for the British Crown, widely regarded as the greatest of his time; he played a prominent role in many of the most sensational trials of the early part of the 20th century, most notably that of Hawley Harvey Crippen.

## Biography

Muir was born on 8 March 1857 in Scotland, the son of Richard Muir, a shipping broker from Greenock. Although his father hoped he would join the family business, he travelled south to London, with thoughts of going on the stage. Instead, a brother persuaded him to become a barrister, which he funded himself by working as a Parliamentary reporter for The Times. After entering chambers he started working for the Crown as a prosecutor. While he never "took silk" (that is, appointed as a King's Counsel) he represented the Crown in many trials of note in the Central Criminal Court at the Old Bailey from 1901 until his death in 1924.
Muir was known to be hard working with little need for conviviality. He usually spent half the night preparing for his cases, making notations on small cards with coloured pencils — one colour for examination in chief, one colour for cross examination, and so on. So ubiquitous were those cards that came to be known as Muir's "playing cards". He was rightfully feared by his clerks and officers from Scotland Yard who gathered his evidence from him, for he asked the same thoroughness from them as from himself. He depended a lot from physical evidence, while giving eyewitness testimony little credence, except if it would bolster existing, more concrete evidence.
Such was his reputation for thoroughness and diligence that when Crippen learned that his prosecutor was Richard Muir, he remarked, "I wish it had been anybody else... I fear the worst." Muir's cross examination of Crippen became standard reading material for Bar students in England and Wales and was used to illustrate advocacy skills in general.
Because he was never appointed as King's Counsel, Muir was not eligible to become a judge of the King's Bench Division. He was, however, eligible to become a Recorder. Although he was passed over for the position of Recorder of London, he was appointed as Recorder of Colchester by the then Home Secretary, Winston Churchill, in particular because of his work in the Edward Mylius libel case. He was a Master of the Bench of the Middle Temple and received a knighthood in 1918.
Sir Richard married Mary Beatrice Leycester and they had a son who also became a barrister, but who died on 4 November 1918 of influenza while on active service in the Army. His son's death left him heartbroken. Muir himself died suddenly in January 1924 aged 66 in his house in Camden House Court, Kensington and he was interred in West Norwood Cemetery after a service at St Mary Abbots, Kensington.

## Significant cases

* Hawley Harvey Crippen
* Stratton Brothers case
* Harry Jackson
# Richard Perryn

Sir Richard Perryn (1723–1803) was a Welsh judge who became baron of the exchequer.

## Life

The son of Benjamin Perryn of Flint, merchant, by his wife, Jane, eldest daughter of Richard Adams, town clerk of Chester, he was baptised in the parish church of Flint on 16 August 1723. He was educated at Ruthin Grammar School and The Queen's College, Oxford, where he matriculated on 13 March 1741, but did not take any degree. He was admitted a student of Lincoln's Inn on 6 November 1740, and on 27 April 1746 migrated to the Inner Temple, where he was called to the bar on 3 July 1747.
Perryn began practice in the court of chancery, and gradually acquired such a reputation there as to be employed during the latter years of his practice in almost every cause. On 20 July 1770 he became vice-chamberlain of Chester, and in the same year was made a King's Counsel and a bencher of the Inner Temple. On 6 April 1776 he kissed hands on his appointment as a Baron of the Exchequer in the place of Sir John Burland, and was knighted on the same day. He was called to the degree of serjeant-at-law and sworn into office on the 26th of the same month.
Perryn retired from the bench in the long vacation of 1799, and died at his house at Twickenham on 2 January 1803, aged 79. He was buried on the 10th of the same month in ‘the new burial-ground’ at Twickenham, and a tablet was erected to his memory in the south chancel wall of the old parish church.
Some remarks on Perryn's charge to the grand jury of Sussex at the Lent assizes in 1785 are appended to Thoughts on Executive Justice with respect to our Criminal Laws, particularly on the Circuits, London, 1785.
Perryn presided over the trial of the Birmingham Rioters at the Warwick Assizes on Tuesday the 23d of August, 1791, and the following day.

## Family

Perryn married Mary, eldest daughter of Henry Browne of Skelbrooke in the West Riding of Yorkshire, by whom he had several children. His wife died on 19 April 1795, aged 73.
# Richard Wayne (disambiguation)

Richard Wayne was a mayor of Savannah, Georgia.
Richard Wayne may also refer to:
# Richard Hyland

Richard Hyland is an American author and legal scholar. He is a law professor at Rutgers Law School, specializing in contract law, particularly the law of the sale of goods and international trade.
In May 2009, Oxford University Press published Gifts: A Study in Comparative Law, Hyland's wide-ranging comparative investigation of the law governing the giving of gifts. This book delves into the historical background of the subject and also covers gift giving under various common law and private law systems.
The book was widely reviewed in the field and garnered plaudits. NJW (Neue Juristische Wochenschrift, New Legal Weekly), the leading magazine for legal theory and practice in Germany, selected Gifts as one of eight law books of the year. In addition to Gifts, Hyland has co-written two textbooks and many articles for scholarly journals.
In addition to his extensive legal education, honors, and experience, Hyland earned a Master of Fine Arts degree in fiction from Columbia University in 2001, has written literary criticism, and is conducting interviews for a book about the turbulent years of Harvard in the late 1960s, when he was an undergraduate.

## Books

* Hyland, Richard (2012). Gifts: A Study in Comparative Law. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199843480.
* Hyland, Richard; Patterson, Dennis (2006). Hyland and Patterson's The Commercial Sales Transaction, An Introduction to the U.C.C. American Casebook (2nd ed.). West. ISBN 978-0314160461.
* Hyland, Richard; Patterson, Dennis (1999). An Introduction to Commercial Law. American Casebook. West. ISBN 978-0314160461.
# Rick Lasky

Richard "Rick" Lasky is an emergency services consultant, author, motivational speaker, and former fire chief of the Lewisville, Texas, Fire Department as well as the Coeur d’Alene, Idaho, Fire Department. Originally from the Chicago area, Lasky worked in various capacities for police and fire departments in Illinois and Idaho before moving to Lewisville, where he was the city's fire chief for 11 years. He retired as chief in Lewisville in 2011 to become a full-time consultant and educator. He has written one book and co-authored another.

## Early life

Lasky was born in Chicago, Illinois, and attended Lyons Township High School in La Grange. Although he considered playing Major League Baseball with the Chicago White Sox after some success in the sport, he eventually worked for the police departments in Justice and Willow Springs before becoming a firefighter paramedic in Bedford Park. As a battalion commander for the Darien–Woodridge Fire Protection District, Lasky was named the 1996 "Innovator of the Year" by the International Society of Fire Service Instructors for creating a training program aimed towards saving injured firefighters. Lasky became the chief of the Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, Fire Department in 1998, where he attracted praise for his reforms to the department there.

## Lewisville chief

Lasky was hired as chief of the fire department in Lewisville, Texas, in April 2000. After the September 11 attacks, Lasky, who knew many New York City firefighters and was a close friend of chief Peter Ganci, and the Lewisville Fire Department gained national attention when they raised over $200,000 for the families of New York City Firefighters. The fundraising effort caught the attention of John Travolta, who visited Lewisville as a favor to Lasky while promoting the film Ladder 49. In 2004, Lasky formed a bagpipe band and honor guard for the Lewisville Fire Department, and in 2008, the department began holding the Keeping Tradition Alive Symposium, which brings hundreds of members of various bagpipe bands and honor guards representing various firefighting units across the country. In 2011, Lasky was honored on the floor of the U.S. House of Representatives by Congressman Michael C. Burgess.

## Consultant

Lasky retired in 2011 after 11 years as chief of the Lewisville Fire Department, and began consulting full-time with John Salka, who led the New York City Fire Department's 18th Battalion. They operate Five Alarm Leadership, LLC, which provides consulting aimed towards improving safety and efficiency in fire departments. He has authored a book, Pride & Ownership: A Firefighter's Love of the Job, co-hosts a firefighting-themed podcast, Command Post, and gives presentations and speeches at fire departments across the country.

## Works

* Lasky, Rick (2006-06-30). Pride & Ownership: A Firefighter's Love of the Job. Tulsa, Oklahoma: PennWell. ISBN 978-1-59370-078-2. OCLC 64896524. Retrieved 2013-03-01.
* Lasky, Rick; Salka, John (2013-03-31). Five Alarm Leadership: From the Firehouse to the Fireground. Tulsa, Oklahoma: PennWell. ISBN 978-1-59370-234-2. OCLC 819641586.
# Richard J. Sauer

Richard J. Sauer (born on November 15, 1939) is an American academic and academic administrator. Sauer was interim president of the University of Minnesota in 1988.
Richard Sauer grew up in Walker, Minnesota, and graduated from high school in 1957. He attended St. John's University in Collegeville, Minnesota, with a major in biology and a minor in chemistry. Sauer went to the University of Michigan for a master's of science in zoology and high school teaching qualification. Instead of teaching, Sauer chose a National Defense Education Act fellowship to attend North Dakota State University for a Ph.D. in entomology with a thesis on the crab spiders of North Dakota. He earned his doctorate at age 27.
Sauer began teaching biology at St. Cloud State College in the mid-1960s and then teaching biology to teachers, teaching entomology through the university extension program, and then working in the mid-1970s with the federal Department of Agriculture. He became acting associate director of the Experiment Station at Michigan State University, then head of the entomology department at Kansas State University. Sauer was hired as head of the Agriculture Experiment Station at the University of Minnesota.
Sauer was deputy vice-president of the University of Minnesota, vice president of agriculture, forestry, and home economics, and then interim president. He succeeded Kenneth Keller and was succeeded by Nils Hasselmo.
# Rick Stoner

Colonel Richard Stoner is a fictional secret agent appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character, created by Barry Dutter and M.C. Wyman, first appeared in Fury #1 (May 1994).
Rick Stoner was played by Patrick Warburton in the Marvel Cinematic Universe TV series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'s fifth and seventh seasons.

## Fictional character biography

Rick Stoner was a hard man who always stuck to the rules and showed much disdain towards his fellow World War II soldiers, specifically Nick Fury whom he had a love-hate relationship of sorts with. He along with James "Logan" Howlett worked at the C.I.A. and fought Hydra. Stoner was eventually offered the director's seat of the then newly formed S.H.I.E.L.D. Upon looking at the Howling Commandos' dossiers, he told himself that "these jokers will never become S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as long as I'm director". His director status is short lived as he's shot and killed by Hydra while trying to uncover a traitor within S.H.I.E.L.D.
This turned out to be a cover up with Stoner actually having been disavowed and abandoned by S.H.I.E.L.D., plotting revenge against Fury for taking his job. Now under the Fallen Angel codename, he plots to use a project to manipulate reality. Stoner and Fury have a battle over the project, ending up trapped in a pocket universe. Fury ultimately prevails while Stoner is killed.

## In other media

Rick Stoner appears in Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., portrayed by Patrick Warburton. This version is a military general from the 1970s. Additionally, according to Daniel Sousa, he was also known as "Little Ricky", a junior agent who "couldn't tell the difference between a clip and a mag." A prerecorded holographic message of Stoner for a then-uninhabited S.H.I.E.L.D. base called the Lighthouse appears in the season five episodes "All the Comforts of Home" and "Option Two" before an alternate timeline version of Stoner appears in the season seven episodes "A Trout in the Milk" and "Adapt or Die".
# Rick Strom

Rick Strom may refer to:
* Rick Strom (music producer), American music producer
* Rick Strom (American football) (born 1965), American football quarterback
# Rickart space

In mathematics, a Rickart space (after Charles Earl Rickart), also called a basically disconnected space, is a topological space in which open σ-compact subsets have compact open closures. Grove & Pedersen (1984) named them after C. E. Rickart (1946), who showed that Rickart spaces are related to monotone σ-complete C*-algebras in the same way that Stonean spaces are related to AW*-algebras.
Rickart spaces are totally disconnected and sub-Stonean spaces.
# Rijnstreek

The Rijnstreek (literally, the "Rhine Region") is a small region in the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. It includes the municipalities of Alphen aan den Rijn (situated on the Oude Rijn, a tributary of the Rhine) (incl. Rijnwoude) and Nieuwkoop, and also the former municipality of Jacobswoude.
* This South Holland location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Richard Rompala

Richard M. Rompala (born 1947) is an American executive currently on the board of directors of the Olin Corporation. He was chairman of Valspar from February 1998 until his retirement in July 2005. He had previously served as both CEO and president of Valspar. Rompala's leadership is credited with significantly expanding Valspar's international business operations, where it had previously been a primarily North American business.

## Early life and education

Richard Rompala was born in 1947 to a working-class family on Pittsburgh's strongly Eastern European South Side. Rompala's steelworker father eventually moved the family to Ambridge, Pennsylvania.
In 1964, Rompala went to Columbia University, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and chemical engineering in 1969. He went on to Harvard Business School where he earned an MBA in 1975.

## Management work

Rompala got his first management position at the Olin Corporation, running their flexible urethanes division. He left this position in 1979 to work for Victor Posner and eventually served as a senior vice president of operations at Mueller Brass. In 1985, he went to work for PPG Industries starting as a vice president of corporate development. He was eventually promoted to group vice president of chemicals and then to group vice president of resins and coatings. In 1993, PPG's chairman and CEO, Vincent Sarni was on the verge of retirement, and outside speculation suggested that Rompala was a serious contender to take his place. This, however, did not happen, and Rompala left PPG.
In May 1994, Rompala was elected president of Valspar. On October 30, 1995, he assumed the position of CEO at Valspar, succeeding C. Angus Wurtele in that position. He went on to replace Wurtele as chairman in February 1998, with Wurtele staying on Valspar's board of directors. Rompala's contributions at Valspar enabled them to increase their overseas revenues from 3% in the mid-1990s to nearly 30% by 2004. Rompala accomplished this by opening joint ventures in China, Hong Kong, Brazil, South Africa and Mexico.
In 1998, Rompala went to work on the Olin Corporation's board of directors, where he currently serves as the lead director and chair of the compensation committee. Rompala retired from Valspar as chairman in July 2005.