OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Valivalam

Valivalam is a small town in Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu, India.
Now the Valivalam village have the new small man helping nature-made forest which is initiated by pasumai valivalam amaippu (environmental volunteers group) in July 2019 with 2500+ trees of 70-75 variety of species in nearly 20000 sq.ft of formerly degraded land by using akira miyawakki method, especially majority of fruit bearing species to attract birds. It is an emerging eco-tourism spot and botanical study centre in the district.

## Facilities

Valivalam has a hospital, supermarket, wedding hall, furniture mall, browsing center and a police station. Valivalam Desikar higher secondary school was founded in 1959 this school was the only scope of good education near locality There is also Valivalam Desikar polytechnic college in Nagappatinam. there is also a school called SRI Manika Vinayagar hosting up to class 5.
The Manathunai Nathar Temple in Valibalam is built on a peninsula. In 1991 the Tamil movie Vaa Arugil Vaa was filmed in Valivalam. Agriculture is the main profession here.
# Valitut Palat

Valitut Palat is a monthly general-interest family magazine published in Helsinki, Finland. It is the Finnish edition of Reader's Digest.

## History and profile

Valitut Palat was started by Sanoma in 1945, and the first issue appeared in April that year. Eljas Erkko was instrumental in the establishment of the magazine, and his assistant Sirkka Ruotsalainen was the founding editor-in-chief. Its publisher is Oy Valitut Palat which was part of Reader's Digest Inc. The Club Internacional del Libro group (CIL Group) acquired the Oy Valitut Palat on 30 April 2013. The magazine has its headquarters in Helsinki and is published on a monthly basis.
Valitut Palat supports both conservative values and modern technology. During the Cold War period it functioned as a window for Finland to the West and was among the leading anti-communist publications in the country. The Finnish-Soviet Union Association claimed that both Valitut Palat and Det Bästa, Swedish edition of Reader's Digest, were two major anti-Soviet propaganda tools in Finland.
The magazine covers content from its parent publication, Reader's Digest, but its material is adapted to the needs and cultural background of Finnish readers.

## Circulation

The first two issue of Valitut Palat sold 50,000 copies and 75,000 copies, respectively. The magazine had a circulation of 100,000 copies in 1957.
In 2007 the circulation of Valitut Palat was 223,300 copies. Its circulation was 197,000 copies in 2009, 187,404 copies in 2010 and 177,578 copies in 2011. In 2012 the circulation of the magazine was 157,979 copies. Its 2013 circulation dropped to 131,663 copies.
# Reggae Beach

Reggae Beach was a 250-acre property which was located in Jamaica, midway between Ocho Rios and Oracabessa.
In 2008, the Caribbean Urban Music Awards were presented at Reggae Beach, which were based on the votes of over 1.5 million Caribbean music fans worldwide. Award recipients present at the ceremony were Beenie Man, Sly and Robbie, and Spragga Benz.
In 2010, Reggae Beach was voted by Readers of Lonely Planet guidebook and magazine as the Greatest Cultural Tourism Experience. The award was announced in August 2010. Reggae Beach in Jamaica placed first, ahead of Ballet at the Mariinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg, Salsa dancing in Havana, Opera in Italy, and authentic Blues in Chicago.
The property is owned by Jamaican-Canadian businessman, Michael Lee-Chin.
# Reggae Gi Dem Dub

Reggae gi dem Dub is a studio album by Jamaican reggae artist Big Youth. It was recorded at the Harry J studio in Kingston, Jamaica.

## Track listing

* "Inside Out" (4:20)
* "Camp David Summit" (4:08)
* "New Moon" (3:36)
* "Tribute to Kenyatta" (4:25)
* "Colour Red" (4:14)
* "Progress (Part Two)" (3:20)
* "Majority Rules" (4:03)
* "Fulfilment" (3:44)

## Personnel

* Big Youth - vocals, arrangement, percussion
* Sylvan Morris - engineering, mixing
* Carlton "Santa" Davis - drums
* George "Fully" Fullwood - bass
* Tony Chin - rhythm guitar
* Earl "Chinna" Smith - lead guitar
* Keith McLeod - keyboards
* David Madden - trumpet
* Arnold Breckenridge - trumpet
* Vin Gordon - trombone
* Deadly Headly - alto saxophone
* Glen Da Costa - tenor saxophone
* Skully - percussion
* Keith Sterling - percussion
* Jimmy Becker - harmonica

## Recording Information

* Recording : Harry J Studio (Kingston, JA)
* Engineer : Sylvan Morris
* Mixing Engineer : Big Youth & Sylvan Morris
* Arranger : Big Youth
# Reginald H. Phelps

Reginald Henry Phelps (August 20, 1909 – September 28, 2006) was the Chairman of Commission on Extension Courses and Director of the University Extension at Harvard University from 1949 to 1975. He was the fourth person to hold the position. He graduated from Harvard University (A.B. summa cum laude in 1930, A.M. in 1933, and Ph.D. in 1947).
# Bicentenary Medal of the Royal Society of Arts

The Bicentenary Medal of the Royal Society of Arts is awarded to "a person who, in a manner other than as an industrial designer, has applied art and design in great effect as instruments of civic innovation", as long as the winner is not already "bedecked with medals". It was first awarded in 1954, on the bicentenary of the Royal Society of Arts, and continues to be awarded annually with exceptions in 2003, 2006 and 2012.
The Medal was instituted in 1954 to commemorate the founding of the RSA over two hundred years earlier, and has been awarded to a variety of individuals for their outstanding contributions to the advancement of design in industry and society. In the RSA's current account of design, that contribution is interpreted as the most effective use of design to increase the resourcefulness of people and communities.

## List of Bicentenary Medallists

The medal's recipients are:
* 1954 Sir Colin Anderson
* 1955 Sir Charles Tennyson
* 1956 Sir Walter Worboys
* 1957 Sir Ernest Goodale
* 1958 John Gloag
* 1959 Frank A Mercer
* 1960 J. Cleveland Belle
* 1961 Audrey Withers
* 1962 Sir Robin Darwin
* 1963 Sir Paul Reilly
* 1964 Anthony S. Heal
* 1965 Hans Juda
* 1966 G. Graham McK Hughes
* 1967 Harold Glover
* 1968 Marcus Brumwell
* 1969 Sir Duncan Oppenheim
* 1970 T.H.C. Worthington
* 1971 Sir James Richards
* 1972 Rosamind Julius and Leslie Julius
* 1973 James S. Cousins
* 1974 Geoffrey Dunn
* 1975 Viscount Eccles
* 1976 Jack Pritchard
* 1977 Brooke Crutchley
* 1979 Sir William Coldstream
* 1980 Viscount Caldecote
* 1981 Deryck Healey
* 1982 Sir Terence Conran
* 1983 David Maroni
* 1984 Rowley Atterbury
* 1985 Sir Kenneth Corfield
* 1986 John Butcher
* 1987 Fiona MacCarthy
* 1988 Peter Gorb
* 1989 Louis van Praag
* 1990 Sir Peter Parker
* 1991 Sir Norman Payne
* 1992 Jeremy Fry
* 1993 Marquess of Bute
* 1994 Helen Auty
* 1995 Sir John Egan
* 1996 Zeev Aram
* 1997 Margaret Harris
* 1998 Sir John Sorrell CBE
* 1999 Stuart Lipton
* 2000 Wally Olins
* 2001 Sir Christopher Frayling
* 2002 Lady Hamlyn
* 2003 not awarded
* 2004 Deyan Sudjic
* 2005 Sheridan Coakley
* 2006 not awarded
* 2007 Lord Puttnam
* 2008 Tom Bloxham
* 2009 Cameron Sinclair and Kate Stohr
* 2010 David Constantine MBE
* 2011 Ken Arnold
* 2012 not awarded
* 2013 Barry Quirk CBE (Video of the talk on design and public services)
* 2014 Susan Woodward
* 2015 Dr Andrea Siodmok (Video of the talk on design thinking in Government)
* 2016 not awarded
* 2017 Mary V. Mullin
* 2018 Deanna Van Buren
* 2019 not awarded
* 2020 not awarded
* 2021 Daniel Christian Wahl
# Pseudorthosia

Pseudorthosia was a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae, it is now considered a subgenus of Dichagyris.

## Species

* Dichagyris variabilis Grote, 1874
# SC Olympia Radotín

SC Olympia Radotín is a football club located in the Radotín district of Prague, Czech Republic. They played in the fifth tier of the Czech football system. The club won the Prague Championship in 2011, but refused promotion, so the B team of FK Dukla Prague went up to the Czech Fourth Division in their place, as league runners-up for the season. In 2018, the club merged with FK Olympia Prague during that club's relocation to Radotín and rebranding to SC Olympia Radotín.

## Honours

* Prague Championship (fifth tier)
** Champions 2010–11
# Monica Bridges

(Mary) Monica Bridges born Mary Monica Waterhouse (pseud) Matthew Barnes (31 August 1863 – 9 November 1949) was a British pianist, composer and collaborator with her husband the poet Robert Bridges. She made italic handwriting popular in British schools.

## Life

Bridges was born in Victoria Park, Manchester, in 1863 and brought up in the grand house of Foxhill House near Reading which her parents lived in until 1881. Her mother, Elizabeth (born Hodgkin), taught her arts and crafts and she became a pianist and a composer. Her father, Alfred Waterhouse, was a prolific and very successful architect.
She met her future husband when she was in her mid teens. They were artistic collaborators and they married in 1884.
In 1903 she and her daughter, Margaret, both got tuberculosis.
In 1905 her book (by M. M. Bridges), A New Handwriting for Teachers was published. She was a skilled calligrapher and this book is credited with making italic handwriting fashionable in British schools.
In 1907 using money left to them by her father they built a home in Chilswell.
In 1913 the Society for Pure English was formed with her husband getting the credit. Monica and her husband both served on the committee and they would jointly publish tracts under the shared pseudonym of Matthew Barnes. Other members included H. Bradley, Sir W. Raleigh and L. P. Smith. The society aimed to have clarity in communication and they wrote about issues relating to the derivation of words and their usage.

## Deaths and legacy

Her husband died in 1930 and Bridges died in South London in 1949. Her (and her husband's) correspondence is held in the Bodleian Library.
# Amy Barczuk

Amy Elizabeth Barczuk (born October 28, 1990) is a retired American professional soccer player. She was a defender for the Western New York Flash and Boston Breakers in the National Women's Soccer League.

## Early life

Barczuk grew up in Centennial, Colorado and attended Arapahoe High School where she lettered three years in soccer and led her team to state semi-finals in her sophomore and senior years. As a sophomore, Barczuk was named second-team All-League. As a senior, she earned first-team All-League, 5A All-State and All-Colorado honors.
As a youth, Barczuk played club soccer for the Riverside Renegades, helping lead them to three State Cup Championships in 2003, 2004 and 2008. She was named State Cup MVP in 2009. In 2007, she was a member of the Colorado Olympic Development team and was selected for the 2007 Region IV pool. In 2008, Barczuk was awarded the Sportswomen of Colorado "All-Around" Award.

### University of Colorado

Barczuk attended the University of Colorado where she played for the Buffaloes from 2009 to 2012. As a freshman, she was the only freshman to start all 19 of the team's matches. She logged the second most minutes played with 1,607, and scored one goal. Barczuk's was named to the 2009 All-Big 12 Conference second team and the Big 12 All-Newcomer Team. As a sophomore in 2010, Barczuk played in all 20 of Colorado's matches logging 18 starts and playing 1,822 minutes. She finished the season with five points on two goals and an assist and tied for first on the teamwith the most shots attempted at 41. Barczuk's 41 shots ranked 10th on Colorado's offensive class list for sophomores. During her junior season, Barczuk started all 19 games, totaling 1,553 minutes and served one assist. She had a career-high three goals and seven points during the season. Barczuk earned CU Athlete of the Week honors. In her final season at Colorado, she was elected captain and broke numerous records. She became one of only eight players in the school's soccer program history to have started at least 76 of 78 games played. Her 76 starts and 78 games played rank ninth and 12th on CU's all-time list. She also ranked sixth with 6,849 minutes played. Barczuk scored four goals and contributed one assist, ranking second on the team in goals, points and shots on goal (17 off 32 shots).

## Club career
### Western New York Flash

In 2013, Barczuk was drafted to the Western New York Flash in the National Women's Soccer League. She was selected during the second round (fourteenth overall) of the 2013 NWSL College Draft. She made her debut with the squad during the team's inaugural match against Sky Blue FC.

### Boston Breakers

November 3, 2014 the Western New York Flash traded Barczuk to the Boston Breakers for a second round pick—18th overall—in the 2015 NWSL College Draft; a pick that became Tatiana Coleman. On February 1, 2016, it was announced that Barczuk would be retiring from professional soccer.

## International career

Barczuk was a member of the United States under-23 women's national soccer team player pool.

## Honors

Western New York Flash
* NWSL Shield: 2013
# Rat-catcher (disambiguation)

A rat-catcher is profession centred on catching rats as a form of pest control.
Rat-catcher or ratcatcher might also refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Ratcatcher (comics), a DC Comics supervillain character
* Ratcatcher (film), a 1999 British drama film directed by Lynne Ramsay
* Ratcatcher, motorcycle of animated television series character Darkwing Duck
* The Ratcatcher: A Lyrical Satire, a poem by Marina Tsvetaeva released in 1925–26
* "The Ratcatcher", a Robert Browning poem collected in his Dramatic Lyrics (1842)
* "The Ratcatcher", a short story by Roald Dahl collected in Someone Like You (short story collection) (1953)
* The Rat Catchers, 1960s British television series
* Der Rattenfänger von Hameln, an opera by Viktor Nessler

## Other uses

* Ratcatcher, colloquial name for a populist
* Ratcatcher (attire), clothing worn by British fox hunters
* Ratcatcher, name used in Great Britain to market the Crosman 2250 CO$_2$ carbine
# Pirro Gonzaga

Pirro Gonzaga (1490 – 22 January 1529) was an Italian nobleman and condottiero during the Italian Wars of 1494–1559. He was accused of treason against the Holy Roman Empire, sided with France, and was eventually defeated and imprisoned in Lombardy.

## History

Pirro Gonzaga was the second child of Gianfrancesco Gonzaga and Antonia Del Balzo. In 1499, after his father's death, he shared the inheritance of Sabbioneta, Dosolo, Pomponesco, Gazzuolo and Rodigo with his brother Ludovico. In 1521 he sold the area of Sabbioneta to Ludovico.
In 1522 he participated in the conquest of Perugia. Taken as prisoner and accused of treason, in 1523 he lost his fiefs, which were assigned by the emperor Charles V to his nephew Luigi Gonzaga.
In 1524 he was defeated at the siege of Pavia. He later abandoned the imperial allegiance and sided with the French, until he was defeated by Fernando Francesco d'Avalos at the battle of Sant'Angelo Lodigiano. He surrendered and was imprisoned in the tower of Pizzighettone. Ransomed by his mother Antonia, he subsequently retired to Gazzuolo, where he died in 1529.
His daughter Lucrezia was a member of the literati.
# Saudi Arabia at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships

Saudi Arabia competed at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships in Gwangju, South Korea from 12 to 28 July.

## Swimming

Saudi Arabia entered one swimmer.

### Men

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Yousif Bu Arish | 50 m butterfly | 25.48 | 64 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Yousif Bu Arish | 100 m butterfly | 56.58 | 58 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
# SFIO (disambiguation)

SFIO may stand for:
* French Section of the Workers' International (Section Française de l'Internationale Ouvrière), a former French Socialist Party
* Serious Fraud Investigation Office, an Indian law enforcement agency
* Safe/Fast I/O library from AT&T Labs Research, for C file input/output
# SMA House

The SMA House, formerly known as the Malayan Motors Showroom, is a former Malayan Motors car showroom on Orchard Road. In 1987, the Singapore Manufacturer's Association moved into the building, followed by the Management Development Institute of Singapore in 2002.

## History

The building was built by Wearne Brothers as a Malayan Motors showroom in 1925. It served as a car showroom until 1980. In 1986, Goldman Sachs held a party in the building.
In 1987, the Singapore Manufacturers' Association moved into the building, which was renamed the SMA House. The association renovated the building for $450,000 and introduced a library, offices, a conference room, and a showroom which showcased made-in-Singapore products. It was officially reopened on 9 March 1988. However, by May, the building had lost two-thirds of its exhibitors due to the high rental price for the display of products. In 2000, the building was gazetted for conservation. The Management Development Institute of Singapore moved into the building in 2002. The building has been included on the Orchard Heritage Trail by the National Heritage Board.
# SMATV

SMATV is Single Master Antenna Television (or Satellite Master Antenna Television), The purpose of SMATV is for supplying and controlling the number and type of channels to multiple televisions. Not only TV channels but FM channels as well. It provides Reception of DBS TV/FM channels for hotels, motels, dormitories, schools, hospitals and commercial properties with multiple tenants. Using a master antenna system video signals, audio signals and decoder signals can also be distributed.
It consists of single outdoor unit or antenna feeding to number of indoor units. The channels accessible are independent of other users. For maintaining a good signal-to-noise ratio at all the indoor units served, a larger antenna is required, typically 2 metres (6.6 ft) to 3 metres (9.8 ft) in diameter.
A SMATV headend is used to receive and rebroadcast satellite television channels throughout a property from a single satellite feed.
The system consists of a master antenna and a matching transformer to match the balanced antenna with unbalanced cable and amplifiers. Most antennas have an impedance of around 300 Ω. To convert it to 75 Ω, a matching transformer (or balun) is used. For trunk line isolation, a resistive inductive device known as a splitter is used. The amplifier output is fed to the splitter through coaxial trunk lines.
There are several methods of distribution that are often used in a SMATV headend. These include:
* IPTV (Internet Protocol) TV Systems
* COM1000 Pro:Idiom Encrypted HD Headend
* L-Band Satellite TV Distribution
There are two main approaches for distribution of digital TV signals in SMATV installations:
* Transmodulation from satellite quaternary phase shift keying QPSK to quadrature amplitude modulation QAM
* Direct distribution of QPSK
In the United States, the satellite carriers providing the satellite TV signal for SMATV headend systems are:
* DirecTV
* Dish Network
# SMA Angkasa 2 Jakarta

Angkasa 2 High School or better known as SKY 2, is a high school in a private complex in Halim Perdana Kusuma Jakarta.

## History

SMA Angkasa 2 is one of two dozen more schools under the management of the Foundation Ardhya Garini (Yasarini) BPC Halim Air Base - East Jakarta. Initial appearance in 1994, is a Class Away of high school located in Complex Angkasa TRIKORA Halim. First opened as the number of classes 4 classes, the next trip is growing rapidly .. Ex-primary school occupies the building on Jl Angkasa VIII. Avia - Halim Squadron Complex, in accordance with the demands of existing and development, was expanded and extensive location plus the number of classes. Because of rapid development, then in 1999, this school "split" into SMA Angkasa 2 Jakarta, while its parent in complex TRIKORA, changed its name to SMA Angkasa 1. Sequence leadership that began in 1968 and is now as follows:
* Drs. H. Sugianto, MM : 1994-1999
* Drs. Bambang Subyantoro, MM : 1999-2000
* Dra. Hj. Sri Handayani : 2000-2009
* Triyadi Setyanto, SPd. : 2009-2012
* Dra. Hj. Sri Utami : 2012–present

## Extracurricular

SMA Angkasa 2 Jakarta has a lot of activity extracurricular, including:
* Marawis
* Islamic Spirituality / Christianity
* Tae Kwon Do
* Simplified / Traditional Dance
* Futsal son / daughter
* Basket son / daughter
* Saman
* Scientific Teens
* Badminton
* English Club
* Japanese Club
* Volleyball
* Paskibra
* Chorus
# SS Celia

A number of steamships have been named Celia, including:
* SS Celia (1883), a cargo ship in service 1883–91
* SS Celia (1906), a cargo ship in service 1906–21
* SS Celia (1943), a Hansa A Type cargo ship in service 1944–45
# SS James Caldwell

SS James Caldwell was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after James Caldwell, a Presbyterian minister who played a prominent part in the American Revolution. Caldwell was an active partisan on the side of the Patriots, and was known as the "Fighting Parson". He was killed on 24 November 1781, by an American sentry in Elizabethtown, New Jersey, when he refused to have a package inspected. The sentry, James Morgan, was hanged for murder on 29 January 1782 in Westfield, New Jersey, amid rumors that he had been bribed to kill the chaplain.

## Construction

James Caldwell was laid down on 8 August 1942, under a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MCE hull 915, by the Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyard, Baltimore, Maryland; she was sponsored by Mrs. W.G. Esmond, the wife of the chief naval architect for MARCOM, in Washington DC, and was launched on 19 September 1942.

## History

She was allocated to A.H. Bull & Co., Inc., on 26 September 1942. On 15 December 1948, she was laid up in the National Defense Reserve Fleet, Beaumont, Texas. On 28 June 1952, she was laid up in the National Defense Reserve Fleet, Mobile, Alabama. On 2 December 1974, she was transferred to the state of Mississippi for use as an artificial reef. She was removed from the fleet on 17 December 1974. She was scuttled off Horn Island, at 30°09′59″N 88°45′13″W﻿ / ﻿30.16639°N 88.75361°W﻿ / 30.16639; -88.75361 in 1976.
# SS James H. Courts

SS James H. Courts was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after James H. Courts, a Merchant seaman killed on the cargo ship SS Expositor, 22 February 1943, when she was struck by a torpedo from German submarine U-606.

## Construction

James H. Courts was laid down on 12 December 1944, under a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MC hull 2516, by the St. Johns River Shipbuilding Company, Jacksonville, Florida; she was sponsored by Mrs. A.H. Laney, the wife of the superintendent of the warehouse at St.Johns River SBC, and she was launched on 21 January 1945.

## History

She was transferred to Greece, under the Lend-Lease program, on 31 January 1945. She was sold for commercial use, 18 December 1946, to Kassos Steam Navigation Co., Ltd., for $575,339.53.
# SS James H. Kimball

SS James H. Kimball was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after James H. Kimball, the chief meteorologist in the New York Weather Bureau.

## Construction

James H. Kimball was laid down on 7 March 1944, under a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MC hull 2298, by J.A. Jones Construction, Panama City, Florida; she was launched on 22 April 1944.

## History

She was allocated to American Export Lines, Inc., on 16 May 1944. On 26 November 1946, she was laid up in the National Defense Reserve Fleet, in Astoria, Oregon. On 11 April 1947, she was sold to Azuero Cia. Nav., for commercial service. On 24 December 1968, she ran aground in River Gironde, after she had engine trouble. She later broke in two and was declared a total loss.