OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Asiatic Land Tenure and Indian Representation Act, 1946

The Asiatic Land Tenure and Indian Representation Act, 1946 (Act No. 28 of 1946; subsequently renamed the Asiatic Land Tenure Act, 1946, and also known as the "Ghetto Act") of South Africa sought to confine Asian ownership and occupation of land to certain clearly defined areas of towns. The Act also prohibited Asians from owning or occupying property without a permit when such property had not been owned or occupied by Asians before 1946.
Furthermore, it granted Indians in the Transvaal and Natal the right to elect Whites to represent them in Parliament and for Natal Indians to represent themselves in the Natal Provincial Council.
The Act deprived the Asian South Africans of communal representation and took away their fundamental and elementary right of land ownership and occupation. It is called and regarded universally by Indian people as the "Ghetto Act".
The act struck at the heart of Indian commercial and economic life. Not only did it intend to reduce the levels of Indian trade and reduce progress in the acquisition of fixed property, it also is thought to have reduced the opportunities of the masses of the Indian people to earn a decent living and ultimately condemn them to existence in increasingly over-crowded slums and locations. Thus on 31 March 1948, it is thought that about 6,000 Indians marched in protest to the Act in Durban, South Africa.
The sections of the act granting representation in Parliament and the provincial council were repealed by the Asiatic Laws Amendment Act, 1948. The rest of the act was repealed by the Abolition of Racially Based Land Measures Act, 1991.
# Nisar Ahmad Kakru

Nisar Ahmad Kakru (born 26 October 1949 Baramulla, Kashmir, India) was the Chief Justice of the High Court of Andhra Pradesh, India from 19 February 2010 to 26 October 2011.

## Career

Kakru was enrolled as a pleader in August 1975, as a vakil in February 1979 and as an advocate in April 1982.

## Practice

Initially from August 1975, he practised at Baramulla district and sessions courts and other courts. He was appointed public prosecutor in the district and sessions court of Baramulla in 1978 and resigned in 1981 due to the order issued by Government of Jammu and Kashmir, debarring the public prosecutors of the state from their private practice and continued his private practice at Baramulla until 1984. Later, he started practice at Jammu and Kashmir High Court in 1984 in civil, criminal, constitutional, service, labour, revenue and company matters.
In February 1988 he was appointed a chief government advocate and additional advocate general at Jammu and Kashmir High Court by the Government of Jammu and Kashmir and resigned in 1990, as the state government ceased to be in power due to imposition of the governor’s rule in the state. He continued his private practice until 1996, when he was again appointed an advocate general until he was promoted to the bench of the High Court of Jammu and Kashmir in November 1997.
During his practice as an advocate general, occasionally Nisar Ahmad was appointed Acting Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir from (April 2007 – June 2007), (November 2007 – January 2008) and (October 2008 – January 2009). Finally on 16 February 2010 he was appointed Chief Justice of the High Court of Andhra Pradesh following a recommendation by the Supreme Court which was approved by the President of India.
On 19 February 2010, governor of Andhra Pradesh, E. S. L. Narasimhan administered oath of office to Kakru at Raj Bhavan in the presence of Chief Minister K Rosaiah and Assembly Speaker N Kiran Kumar Reddy.
He retired upon attaining superannuation as the Chief Justice of the Andhra Pradesh High Court, Hyderabad on 26 October 2011.

## Judgments

During his stint as the Acting Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court, reorganisation of services of High Court staff took place. As executive chairman of the Jammu and Kashmir Legal Services Authority, Justice Nisar Ahmed played a key role in conducting about 1800 Lok Adalats in which about 70,000 cases have been settled.
Nisar Ahmed's landmark judgment was during his tenure as a judge of the Jammu and Kashmir High Court including the judgment holding of migrants from Doda and Poonch districts who have to be treated on par with migrants of Kashmir province.
# Nisa River

Nisa River may refer to:
* Kladská Nisa, the Czech name for Nysa Kłodzka (Eastern Neisse) a river in Poland
* Lužická Nisa, the Czech name for Lusation Neisse, a river arising in the Czech Republic, and then flowing in Germany and Poland
** Bílá Nisa [cs], (White Nisa) a right tributary of the Lužická Nisa, entirely in the Czech Republic
** Černá Nisa, (Black Nisa) a right tributary of the Lužická Nisa, entirely in the Czech Republic
* Nisa River, Portugal, a river whose source is in the Serra de São Mamede
# Phil Stamp

Philip Lawrence Stamp (born 12 December 1975) is an English former footballer, best known for his time with Middlesbrough and Heart of Midlothian.

## Biography

Stamp made his first-team league debut for Middlesbrough on 10 October 1993, at the age of 17, in a 2–0 defeat to Watford. He started for Middlesbrough in the 1997 FA Cup Final defeat to Chelsea.
After Middlesbrough, he played for Heart of Midlothian. A hugely popular player with Hearts, he had many highlights including a derby winner against Hibs.
After Hearts, he played for Darlington, scoring a free-kick against Shrewsbury Town. He also played in goal for the second half of a game against Notts County.
# Space Cakes

Space Cakes is an EP by Alanis Morissette, released only in Japan in 1995. It comprises acoustic recordings of some of the songs from her third studio album, Jagged Little Pill. In other countries, the recordings have been released as B-sides.
The recordings were made in the NOB studios in Hilversum, the Netherlands, on June 9, 1995, for Jan Douwe Kroeske's radio program, 2 Meter Sessies. A seventh recording, "Hand in My Pocket", was never released (at the time), though it has been aired. All seven tracks of the EP were included as bonus tracks on the Target-exclusive deluxe edition of Jagged Little Pill, released on October 30, 2015.

## Track listing

* "Head over Feet"
* "Right Through You"
* "Forgiven"
* "Perfect"
* "Not the Doctor"
* "You Learn"
# Mumtaz Ali Shah

Mumtaz Ali Shah is a retired Pakistani civil servant who served in BPS-22 grade as the Maritime Secretary of Pakistan and Chief Secretary Sindh. Hailing from Sindh, Shah joined the Pakistan Administrative Service after passing the Central Superior Service examination in 1984.

## Career

Mumtaz Ali Shah has served on important positions including as Federal Secretary for Maritime Affairs, Federal Secretary for Religious Affairs and as Chief Secretary Sindh.
Prior to his elevation to Grade 22 in 2017, Shah served on many positions in the Government of Sindh including as Additional Chief Secretary (Home), Chairman Enquiries & Anti-Corruption Establishment, Secretary Works and Services, Secretary Information Department, Secretary General Administration and Secretary Population Welfare.
In the beginning of his career, he served as assistant commissioner Multan and Dera Ghazi Khan in Punjab.
He has also previously served as District Coordinating Officer (DCO) for Badin, Mirpurkhas and Nasirabad in Balochistan.
# Pepta stricta

Pepta stricta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cancellariidae, the nutmeg snails.
# Marquis Gōng of Cai

Gōng of Cai :
| Reign: | 10th century BC |
| Parent(s): | Huang, Earl of Cai (蔡伯荒) the Countess of Cai |
| Spouse(s): | Unknown |
| Issue(s): | Lì of Cai |
| Ancestral name (姓): | Ji (姬) |
| Given name (名): | Unknown |
| Courtesy name (字): | Unknown |
| Posthumous name (謚): | Gōng (宮) |
| Styled: | Gong, the Marquis of Cai (蔡宮侯) |
| General note: Dates given here are in the Julian calendar. They are not in the proleptic Gregorian calendar. ||
Marquis Gōng of Cai (Cài Gōnghóu 蔡宮侯) (fl.10th century), nomen unknown, was the fourth ruler of the State of Cai. He was the only known son of Earl Huang of Cai (蔡伯荒) and close kin of King of Zhou. He was the first in the family to hold the title of the Marquis of Cai (Cai Guohou 蔡国侯) which would be in use until the end of the State of Cai in 447 BC. He was succeeded by his son.
# Sandgate District State High School

Sandgate District State High School (SDSHS) is a secondary school located in Deagon, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It educates grade levels seven to twelve.
It was opened in January 1959 but the first classes – five, A1, A2, B1, C1 and C2 were conducted in the Sandgate Town Hall, on the floor and on the stage, because the first school building (F block) was not yet ready for occupation.
Foundation students designed the school badge. Every part of the design has meaning. The motto Industria Floremus translates to "hard work brings success", or more literally "through industry we flourish". Latin was taught as a language in the early years of the school.
The shield and the boomerang (on which the motto is printed) indicate the association of early Sandgate with the Aboriginal Australian people who roamed the area and featured in its early development.
The ibis, a common local bird, has also been associated with Sandgate since its early development. Early in the 21st century, local business people created from the letters of its name the rubric "I believe in Sandgate", a phrase often used in references to the school.

## Notable alumni

* Courtney Act (also known as Shane Jenek) – Australian Idol contestant and entertainer
* Jayson Bukuya – NRL player for the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks and Fiji
* Susan Kiefel – former Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia
# Sant Esteve de la Sarga

Sant Esteve de la Sarga (Catalan pronunciation:) is a village in the province of Lleida and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain.
# Sant Feliu de Buixalleu

Sant Feliu de Buixalleu (Catalan pronunciation:) is a village in the province of Girona and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. The village is situated in the southeast of the ancient Catalan comarca of Selva. The municipality covers an area of 61.94 square kilometres (23.92 sq mi) and the population in 2014 was 776.
# Sankar ministry

The Council of Ministers (1962–64) of Legislative Assembly, Kerala state (better known as the R. Sankar ministry was the Council of Ministers, the executive wing of state government, in the Indian state of Kerala. The ministry was led by Indian National Congress leader R. Sankar from 26 September 1962 to 10 September 1964 and had 11 ministers.
Deputy Chief R. Sankar was elevated to the post of Chief Minister when the incumbent Chief Minister Pattom A. Thanu Pillai was appointed as Governor of Punjab.
Sankar held office for nearly 2 years before losing a no-confidence motion when dissenters within the Congress party split to form the Kerala Congress, following the resignation and subsequent death of P. T. Chacko. the Chacko loyalists in the Congress party grouped together and formed the Kerala Congress under the leadership of K. M. George with the blessings of Mannath Padmanabhan, NSS supremo.

## Council of Ministers

| | Minister | Ministry/Portfolio | Party |
| 1 | R. Sankar | Chief Minister | Indian National Congress |
| 2 | P. T. Chacko | Minister for Home Affairs (resigned with effect from 20 February 1964) | Indian National Congress |
| 3 | K. A. Damodara Menon | Minister for Industries | Indian National Congress |
| 4 | P. P. Ummer Koya | Minister for Local Administration, Fisheries & Public Works | Indian National Congress |
| 5 | K. T. Achuthan | Minister for Transport & Labour | Indian National Congress |
| 6 | E. P. Poulose | Minister for Food & Agriculture | Indian National Congress |
| 7 | K. Kunhambu | Minister for Harijan Welfare & Registration | Indian National Congress |
| 8 | D. Damodaran Potti | Minister for Public Works (resigned w.e.f. 8 October 1962) | Praja Socialist Party |
| 9 | K. Chandrasekharan | Minister for Law and Revenue (resigned w.e.f. 8 October 1962) | Praja Socialist Party |
| 10 | M. P. Govindan Nair | Minister for Public Health (assumed office on 9 October 1962) | Indian National Congress |
| 11 | T. A. Thomman | Minister for Land Revenue, Law & Legislation (assumed office on 2 March 1964) | Indian National Congress |

## Vote of No-Confidence

The controversial resignation of the then Home Minister P. T Chacko led to an outburst within the Congress party. With Chacko's failure to win the party presidentship and his subsequent death, 15 Congress MLAs split from the parent party under the leadership of K. M. George. The government which was running on a narrow majority subsequently went on to lose the no confidence motion 73-50.
Soon afterwards, dissenters from the Congress party subsequently formed a new party Kerala Congress. This had a major role on the fortunes of the Congress party in the 1965 assembly elections with the Congress securing 36 seats and the Kerala Congress 25 seats. The two parties together garnered nearly 45% of the vote share, evidently showing that a united Congress would have returned to power.
# Sanquhar Declaration

The Sanquhar Declaration was a speech read by Michael Cameron in the presence of his brother, the Covenanter leader Richard Cameron, accompanied by twenty armed men in the public square of Sanquhar, Scotland, in 1680, disavowing allegiance to Charles II and the government of Scotland, in the name of "true Protestant and Presbyterian interest", opposition to government interference in religious affairs.
This symbolic demonstration, essentially a declaration of war, was among the first of a series of events that led to the Glorious Revolution and the end of the reign of the House of Stuart.
# Sanquin District 1

Sanquin District 1 is one of 16 districts of Sinoe County, Liberia. As of 2008, the population was 2,118.
# Santos Franco Sánchez

Santos Franco Sánchez (6 July 1942 – 6 February 1954) was a Spanish boy who is being considered for sainthood by the Roman Catholic Church.
Born into a Catholic family, Sánchez attended Catholic schools. An ordinary child who got into his share of mischief, he is remembered by his family as good-natured and quick to apologize if he did something wrong. He was also bright and inquisitive. He wanted to be a Carmelite priest when he grew up.
Santos developed meningitis in November 1953 and suffered a great deal, but offered up the suffering for the conversion of sinners. During his final illness he had visions of the Child Jesus surrounded by angels and flowers and of the devil, which he envisioned had been chased away by a crucifix. His doctor, an atheist, visited the boy daily and thought the boy was a saint. The doctor was later converted to Catholicism. Santos died praying his favorite prayer "Thy will be done."
# Sapar Batyrov

Sapar Batyrov (born November 29, 1967, Turkmenistan) is a chess grandmaster (GM) from Turkmenistan. He received the grandmaster title in 1998.

## Notable tournaments

| Tournament Name | Year | ELO | Points |
| Schleusen IM 4th (Datteln) | 2002 | 2456 | 6.0 |
| Ashkhabad (Ashkhabad) | 1996 | 2360 | 10.0 |
# Sar (river)

42°50′53″N 8°38′51″W﻿ / ﻿42.84819°N 8.64757°W﻿ / 42.84819; -8.64757
The Sar is a river in Galicia, Spain. Rising near Santiago de Compostela, it flows through the A Maía valley for over 30 kilometres (19 mi) before entering the Ulla River, near Padron.
Pomponius Mela (d. 45 AD) mentions it (Sars) in De situ orbis libri III. Galician local poet Rosalía de Castro wrote a well-known collection titled En las Orillas del Sar ("On the Banks of the Sar"), in Castilian Spanish.
# Sarah Cavendish, 1st Baroness Waterpark

Sarah Cavendish, 1st Baroness Waterpark (née Bradshaw; 1 August 1740 – 4 August 1807), was an Anglo-Irish peeress.

## Early life

Sarah was born on 1 August 1740. She was the only daughter, and heiress, of Richard Bradshaw and his wife Deborah Bradshaw (née Thompson), a daughter of William Thompson of Cork.

## Peerage

On 15 June 1792, she was created Baroness Waterpark in the Peerage of Ireland, in her own right, by King George III with remainder to the heirs male of her body by Henry Cavendish. The title was created in honour of her husband, but in such a way that would enable him to continue to sit in the Irish House of Commons. He represented Lismore and Killybegs and served as Vice-Treasurer of Ireland and as Receiver-General of Ireland. From 1768 to 1774 he sat in the British House of Commons for Lostwithiel.

## Personal life

On 12 August 1757, she married the politician Henry Cavendish (1732–1804), the eldest son of Sir Henry Cavendish, 1st Baronet, and the former Anne Pyne (only daughter of Sir Richard Pyne, Lord Chief Justice of Ireland). Her husband succeeded as the 2nd Cavendish baronet of Doveridge Hall on 31 May 1776. Together, they were the parents of eight children, including:
* Catherine Cavendish (1758–1801), who married Philippe, Baron de Ville de Maugrémon.
* Deborah Cavendish (b. c. 1760), who married Sir Richard Musgrave, 1st Baronet, of Tourin, in 1782.
* Sarah Cavendish (1763–1849), who married Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Mountnorris, and had issue, including Lady Frances Webster.
* Richard Cavendish, 2nd Baron Waterpark (1765–1830), MP for Portarlington, who married Juliana Cooper, the daughter of Thomas Cooper of Mullaghmast Castle.
* George Cavendish (1766–1849), MP for St Johnstown and Cavan Borough, who served as Secretary to the Lords of the Treasury of Ireland. He married Letitia Catherine Caulfeild, daughter of James Caulfeild. After her death in 1805, he married Catherine Smyth, daughter of Ralph Smyth.
* Augustus Cavendish (1768–1832), MP for Carlow, Honiton, and Castle Rising, who took the surname Bradshaw in order to inherit a legacy from his maternal grandfather. He was the defendant in a celebrated criminal conversation action brought by George Nugent, 7th Earl of Westmeath, in 1796, and was required to pay £10000 damages. The Westmeaths later divorced and Augustus married Maryanne, the former Countess of Westmeath (mother of George Nugent, 1st Marquess of Westmeath).
* Anne Cavendish (1774–1863), who married James Browne, 2nd Baron Kilmaine.
* Hon. Frederick Cavendish (1777–1856), who married Lady Eleanor Gore, a daughter of Arthur Gore, 2nd Earl of Arran. Lady Eleanor's sister, Lady Cecilia, was the second wife of Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex (the sixth son of King George III). After her death in 1812, he married Agnes Catherine Macdonnell, a daughter of Alexander Macdonnell, in 1817.
The Baroness Waterpark died on 4 August 1807 and was succeeded in her title by her eldest son, Richard.
# Santeri Heiskanen

Santeri Heiskanen (born April 13, 1977) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey defenceman.
Santeri Heiskanen began as an assistant coach for Jokerit U18 in the 2011/12 season. In the 2012/13 season, he joined KHL team Avantgard Omsk. Heiskanen returned to Finland five years ago, first as co-head coach of Peliitat before taking over as head coach of the 2017/18 runner-up.
The following year, Heiskanen joined Vienna Capitals Silver, who were promoted to the Erste Liga. In December of the 2019/20 season, he signed with the South Tyrolean team SV Kaltern Rothoblaas, but the season was cut short due to Covid.
# Santiago Mederos (baseball)

Santiago Mederos Iglesias (September 8, 1944 – December 15, 1979) was a baseball player in the Cuban National League during the 1960s and 1970s. He played for Industriales, La Habana, Occidentales, Agricultores and Selección.

## Career

He spent 15 years in the league, going 123–67 with a 1.97 ERA. He set and tied numerous league records during his career, including shutouts in a season (eight in 1967–1968, tied with Carlos Gálvez). In 1968–1969, he led the league with 208 strikeouts, setting a new record. He also set the single-game record for strikeouts with 20. Following the 1968–1969 season, he was named the Serie Nacional Most Valuable Pitcher. His two strikeout records have been broken, his shutout record has been tied, but not broken.
He also pitched for Cuba's national team in multiple tournaments. He worked for the team in the 1970 Central American and Caribbean Games, in which Cuba won gold; the 1970 Amateur World Series, in which Cuba took gold; the 1971 Amateur World Series, in which Cuba took gold; the 1972 Amateur World Series, in which Cuba took gold; the 1975 Pan American Games, in which Cuba took gold; the 1976 Amateur World Series, in which Cuba took gold and the 1978 Central American and Caribbean Games, in which Cuba took gold.

## Death

He died in a car accident in 1979.
# Saratoga National Fish Hatchery

Saratoga National Fish Hatchery is part of the National Fish Hatchery System operated by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. It is located northeast of Saratoga, Wyoming and, along with the Jackson National Fish Hatchery, is one of two National fish hatcheries operating in Wyoming. Saratoga NHF is primarily a broodstock hatchery; it maintains several healthy adults to produce sperm and eggs and distributes fertilized eggs to production hatcheries throughout the country to be hatched and grown to stockable sizes. It is also one of several organizations to establish a program for breeding Wyoming toads.

## History

The Saratoga NFH was established in 1911 and construction of its facilities began in March 1915. It was originally established to meet stock demands in Wyoming and to be expanded as the state grew. While it had maintained a wide variety of broodstock from its opening in 1915, Saratoga NFH was not officially designated a broodstock hatchery until 1966. The facilities of the Saratoga NFH were renovated and expanded in 1995 and 1996.

## Activities

Saratoga NFH has broodstock for egg production of various subspecies of lake trout, brown trout, and rainbow trout. Saratoga NFH also rears Yellowstone cutthroat trout for stock in various federal and state parks and for tribal lands in Wyoming. Saratoga NFH produces Lewis lake trout eggs for the Great Lakes Restoration Project, Plymouth Rock brown trout for various hatcheries nationwide and holds backup broodstock for McConaughy rainbow trout.
Tagging studies show that 75 percent of trout caught from Lake Huron were produced by the Saratoga NFH.
Saratoga NFH was one of several hatcheries that had made efforts towards the reintroduction of greenback cutthroat trout in various lakes and rivers by 2002.
In 1997, Saratoga NFH began breeding Wyoming toads as refugia and for future reintroduction efforts. It was the first in the NFHS to use its resources to raise endangered amphibians. It has since supplied hundreds of adult toads to Mortenson Lake National Wildlife Refuge and other locations for reintroduction, including more than 900 adult toads in a single release in June 2016.
# Sarbia

Sarbia may refer to:

## Places

* Sarbia, Czarnków-Trzcianka County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Sarbia, Szamotuły County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Sarbia, Wągrowiec County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Sarbia, Lubusz Voivodeship (west Poland)
* Sarbia, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland)