OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# UST Inc.

UST Inc. was a holding company, the biggest producer of snuff and chewing tobacco, whose subsidiaries included U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company and International Wine & Spirits Ltd., which in turn is a holding company of Chateau Ste. Michelle Wine Estates, a vintner of premium wines. On January 6, 2009, UST Inc. was purchased by Altria.

## History

United States Tobacco Co. existed before the American Tobacco Co. acquisition. UST was founded as the United States Tobacco Co. in 1911, Richmond, Va., after the US Supreme Court dissolved the American Tobacco Company trust as a monopoly and in violation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890. Weyman-Bruton Company incorporates in 1911, acquires the United States Tobacco Company in 1921 and becomes the United States Tobacco Company in 1922, relocates from New York City to Greenwich, Connecticut in 1970, later creating the holding company in 1986. The company is incorporated in Delaware, and in the fall of 2006 announced it would move its headquarters from Greenwich, Connecticut to Stamford, Connecticut.
It operated a video company Cabin Fever Entertainment, which was in existence for ten years from 1988 to 1998, as well as a video branch Razzmatazz Entertainment, which was in operation from 1996 to 1998 mostly to release kids videos, and feature film distributor Cabin Fever Films, which was mainly used to distribute feature films for the theatrical market. In 1998, both video subsidiaries were folded into Hallmark Home Entertainment.
In 2005, UST was among 53 entities that contributed the maximum of $250,000 to the second inauguration of President George W. Bush.
UST reported having an average of 5,111 employees in 2005. That year, UST had a $534 million profit on sales of $1.85 billion.
On November 2, 2006, UST promoted president and chief operating officer Murray S. Kessler to chief executive officer effective January 1, 2007. Vincent Gierer Jr., who had been CEO since 1993, remained chairman of the board of directors.
UST manufactures smokeless tobacco in Nashville, Tennessee; Hopkinsville, Kentucky; and Franklin Park, Illinois. It also owns vineyards in Washington state and California.
UST held 62.4 percent of the smokeless tobacco market as of the third quarter of 2006, according to an Oct. 26, 2006 report by Morningstar. UST's primary competitors include the American Snuff Company subsidiary of Reynolds American, and Swedish Match.
Effective January 6, 2009, Altria acquired all outstanding shares of UST Inc. (UST), shareholders of UST are entitled to receive $69.50 in cash without interest and less any applicable withholding tax, for each share of common stock held at the effective time of the merger.
# Trunzo

Trunzo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Amanda Trunzo (born 1989), American women's ice hockey player
* Caesar Trunzo (1926–2013), American politician
# Pallasite main group

Almost all pallasite meteorites are part of the pallasite main group.
# Sarah Bates

Sarah or Sara Bates may refer to:
* Sarah Bates (Mormon) (1817–1888), American Mormon pioneer
* Sarah Bates (Shaker) (1792–1881), American Shaker artist
* Sarah Bates (singer) (1758–1811), English singer
* Sara Bates (born 1944), American Cherokee artist
# Stochastic probe

In process calculus a stochastic probe is a measurement device that measures the time between arbitrary start and end events over a stochastic process algebra model.
# Scaptius asteroides

Scaptius asteroides is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by William Schaus in 1905. It is found in French Guiana, Venezuela, Peru and Bolivia.
# Rating (clinical trials)

Within the field of clinical trials, rating is the process by which a human evaluator subjectively judges the response of a patient to a medical treatment. The rating can include more than one treatment response. The assessor is normally an independent observer other than the patient, but the assessor can also be the patient (a patient-reported outcome). Furthermore, some clinical outcomes can only be assessed by the patient (a "private phenomenon").
Because the evaluation is subjective, this can result in both inter-rater or intra-rater reliability. When conducting clinical trials, ensuring rating consistency is important, but can prove to be quite difficult to obtain. Studies dealing with such indications as pain, mental disease or mood are not able to easily track progress with physical or physiological testing, rather, verbal subjective human testing is used. This can allow for an array of differences in rating.
Blinded assessors who are not told which treatment group a patient belongs to have a significantly lower observer bias compared to non-blinded assessors.
Rater training is sometimes used in an attempt to lower rater variability.
# Ubiquitin A-52 residue ribosomal protein fusion product 1

60S ribosomal protein L40 (RPL40) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UBA52 gene.

## Function

Ubiquitin is a highly conserved nuclear and cytoplasmic protein that has a major role in targeting cellular proteins for degradation by the 26S proteosome. It is also involved in the maintenance of chromatin structure, the regulation of gene expression, and the stress response. Ubiquitin is synthesized as a precursor protein consisting of either polyubiquitin chains or a single ubiquitin moiety fused to an unrelated protein. This gene encodes a fusion protein consisting of ubiquitin at the N-terminus and ribosomal protein L40 at the C-terminus, a C-terminal extension protein (CEP). Multiple processed pseudogenes derived from this gene are present in the genome.
# Tung Wan Beach

Tung Wan Beach (Chinese: 東灣泳灘) may refer to the following beaches in Hong Kong:
* Cheung Chau Tung Wan Beach, a gazetted beach in Cheung Chau
* Ma Wan Tung Wan Beach, a gazetted beach in Ma Wan
# Bill Edwards (Australian footballer)

Bill Edwards (3 July 1933 – 22 August 2018) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Wüstnei

Wüstnei is a German surname. Notable persons with the surname include:
* Carl Wüstnei (1843–1902), German engineer, artist and ornithologist
* Karl Georg Gustav Wüstnei (1810–1858), German teacher and naturalist
# Scaptia

Scaptia is a genus of horse-fly in the tribe Scionini.

## Species

* Scaptia abdominalis (Ricardo, 1917)
* Scaptia alpina Mackerras, 1960
* Scaptia arnhemensis Lessard, 2012
* Scaptia auranticula Mackerras, 1960
* Scaptia aurata (Macquart, 1838)
* Scaptia aureovestita (Ferguson & Henry, 1920)
* Scaptia auriflua (Donovan, 1805)
* Scaptia aurifulga Lessard, 2011
* Scaptia aurinigra Lessard, 2013
* Scaptia aurinotum Mackerras, 1960
* Scaptia barbara Mackerras, 1960
* Scaptia berylensis (Ricardo, 1915)
* Scaptia beyonceae Lessard, 2011
* Scaptia bifasciata (Enderlein, 1922)
* Scaptia binotata Latreille, 1811
* Scaptia brevirostris (Macquart, 1850)
* Scaptia divisa (Walker, 1850)
* Scaptia fulgida (Ferguson & Henry, 1920)
* Scaptia hardyi Mackerras, 1960
* Scaptia jacksonii (Macquart, 1838)
* Scaptia jaksoniensis (Guerin, 1831)
* Scaptia minuscula Mackerras, 1960
* Scaptia monticola Mackerras, 1960
* Scaptia norrisi Mackerras, 1960
* Scaptia orba Mackerras, 1960
* Scaptia patula (Walker, 1848)
* Scaptia plana (Walker, 1848)
* Scaptia pulchra (Ricardo, 1915)
* Scaptia similis Mackerras, 1960
* Scaptia testacea (Macquart, 1838)
* Scaptia tricolor (Walker, 1848)
# 1980 Milan Indoor

The 1980 Milan Indoor, also known by its sponsored name Ramazzotti Cup, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Palazzo dello Sport in Milan, Italy. The event was part WCT Tour which was incorporated into the 1980 Volvo Grand Prix circuit. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held from 24 March through 30 March 1980. First-seeded John McEnroe won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

John McEnroe defeated Vijay Amitraj 6–1, 6–4
* It was McEnroe's 3rd singles title of the year and the 18th of his career.

### Doubles

Peter Fleming / John McEnroe defeated Andrew Pattison / Butch Walts 6–4, 6–3
# Ratković, Serbia

Ratković is a village in the municipality of Rekovac, Serbia. According to the 2023 census, the village has a population of 463 people.
# Orhaniye, Mudanya

Orhaniye is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Mudanya, Bursa Province in Turkey. Its population is 201 (2022).
# Ubiquitin-fold modifier conjugating enzyme 1

Ubiquitin-fold modifier conjugating enzyme 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UFC1 gene.

## Function

UFC1 is an E2-like conjugating enzyme for ubiquitin-fold modifier-1 (UFM1; MIM 610553) (Komatsu et al., 2004 [PubMed 15071506]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008].
# Tunavirus

Tunavirus (synonyms T1-like phages, T1-like viruses, Tunalikevirus) is a genus of viruses in the order Caudovirales, in the family Drexlerviridae. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There are currently 14 species in this genus, including the type species Escherichia virus T1.

## Taxonomy

The following species are recognized:
* Escherichia virus ADB2
* Escherichia virus BIFF
* Escherichia virus IME18
* Escherichia virus JMPW1
* Escherichia virus JMPW2
* Escherichia virus SH2
* Escherichia virus T1
* Shigella virus 008
* Shigella virus ISF001
* Shigella virus PSf2
* Shigella virus Sfin1
* Shigella virus SH6
* Shigella virus Shfl1
* Shigella virus ISF002

## Structure

Tunaviruses are nonenveloped, with a head and tail. The head is about 60 nm in diameter. The tail is about 151 nm long, 8 nm wide. It's non-contractile, flexible, and has four short, kinked terminal fibers.
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
| Tunavirus | Head-Tail | T=7 | Non-enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |

## Genome

Genomes are circular, around 50kb in length. The type species, Escherichia virus T1, and five other species have been fully sequenced. They range between 45-51k nucleotides, with 45-87 proteins. The complete genomes, as well as two other similar, unclassified genomes are available here.

## Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. The virus attaches to the host cell's adhesion receptor FhuA using its terminal fibers, and ejects the viral DNA into the host cytoplasm via long flexible tail ejection system. Replication follows the replicative transposition model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Once the viral genes have been replicated, the procapsid is assembled and packed. The tail is then assembled and the mature virions are released via lysis, and holin/endolysin/spanin proteins. Bacteria serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are passive diffusion.
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
| Tunavirus | Bacteria | None | Injection | Lysis | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Passive diffusion |

## History

According to ICTV's 1996 report, the genus Tunalikevirus was first accepted under the name T1-like phages, assigned only to family Siphoviridae. The whole family was moved to order Caudovirales in 1998, and the genus was renamed to T1-like viruses in ICTV's 7th Report in 1999. In 2012, it was renamed again to Tunalikevirus. The genus was later renamed to Tunavirus and placed in the newly established family Drexlerviridae.
# Wān Kongmakpin

Wān Kongmakpin is a village in Langhko Township, Langkho District, in the Shan State of eastern Burma. It is on a riverside location east of Wān Long.
# Strife (song)

"Strife" is a song by American heavy metal band Trivium. It was released as the second single from the band's sixth studio album Vengeance Falls.

## Background

"Strife" made its debut during the band's performance at Wacken Open Air on August 3, 2013. A studio recording of the song was released a few weeks later as a single on August 20.

## Reception

Several reviews of Vengeance Falls highlighted "Strife" as the album's top track.
Dan Slessor of Alternative Press called "Strife" a "state-of-the-art metallic anthem." Ridge Briel of New Noise Magazine described the song as "an anthemic Shogun-esque track, with soaring riffs and a thick bass tone that captures Trivium at one of the high points of the album."

### Commercial

"Strife" was a minor hit on American rock radio following its release. The single peaked at no. 24 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart on March 15, 2014, the band's highest-charting single at the time; this would be surpassed with "Until the World Goes Cold" from the band's following album Silence in the Snow.

## Charts

| Chart (2013–14) | Peak position |
| US Billboard Mainstream Rock | 24 |
| UK Rock (Official Charts Company) | 35 |

## Personnel

* Matt Heafy – lead vocals, guitars
* Corey Beaulieu – guitars, backing vocals
* Paolo Gregoletto – bass, backing vocals
* Nick Augusto – drums
# Schistura papulifera

Schistura papulifera is a critically endangered species of ray-finned fish, a troblobitic stone loach, in the genus Schistura endemic to the state of Meghalaya in India. It is currently known to be restricted to the Krem Synrang Pamiang cave system near the Jaintia Hills, where it is threatened by limestone extraction. This species lives in pools of standing water within the cave system preferring these to the streams of flowing water, being most numerous in the largest and deepest pools. This may be because the larger pools offer a more stable environment for the fish. The specific name is a compound of the Latin papula meaning "a small tumour" and fera meaning "to bear", referring to the growths around the lower half this species head.
# 1980 Minnesota Senate election

The 1980 Minnesota Senate election was held in the U.S. state of Minnesota on November 4, 1980, to elect members to the Senate of the 72nd Minnesota Legislature. A primary election was held on September 9, 1980.
The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) won a majority of seats, remaining the majority party, followed by the Independent-Republicans of Minnesota. The new Legislature convened on January 6, 1981.

## Results

Summary of the November 4, 1980 Minnesota Senate election results :
| Party | Party | Candidates | Votes | Seats | Seats | Seats |
| Party | Party | Candidates | Votes | No. | ∆No. | % |
| | Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party | 67 | 1,024,624 | 45 | | 67.16 |
| | Independent-Republicans of Minnesota | 60 | 823,711 | 22 | | 32.84 |
| | Independent | 2 | 8,876 | 0 | | 0.00 |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | 67 | ±0 | 100.00 |
| Turnout (out of 2,882,406 eligible voters) | Turnout (out of 2,882,406 eligible voters) | 2,079,411 | 72.14% | 72.14% | 0.87 pp | 0.87 pp |
| Source: Minnesota Secretary of State, Minnesota Legislative Reference Library |||||||
# Yukarıkurudere, Emirdağ

Yukarıkurudere is a village in the Emirdağ District, Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. Its population is 487 (2021). Yukarıkurudere is located south of Mount Emirdağ, about 1276 meters above sea level. It is located at the Foothills of Dedeli mountain. The village includes 3 neighbourhoods: Palıtlı, Mazı and Mahrumlu.
The name Yukarıkurudere means Upper Dry Creek. A dry creek runs through the village.

## History

In the past the village was united with Aşağıkurudere (Lower Dry Creek) but they split because of the distance between them. The name of the village before the split was Kurudere. Both Yukarıkurudere and Aşağıkurudere were established after 3 Yörük (Turkish nomadic) brothers migrated from Yozgat in 1796.

### Emigration

The majority of the people emigrated to Europe from 1965 to 1990. Most moved to Belgium, while others landed in The Netherlands, Germany and France. The first to migrate to Europe was Hasan Palıt, followed by Gazi Palıt, also known as Gazi Hoca.

### 2010 Derbent-Kurudere water crisis

When a water source was found between Yukarıkurudere and Derbent in 2010, both villages claimed the water source, launching a conflict. The court awarded the water source to Derbent. After this decision the Yukarikurudere village held a referendum in 2012 to join the Kemerkaya village so they could have access to water. The citizens voted "No" by four votes.

## Demographics

The village is an Oghuz village. The majority of the people are from the Morcalı tribe, which is a subtribe of the Avşar Tribe. They belong to the Bozulus tribal confederation.
The village hosts around 8 family clans (Palıt, Söyüt, Kavak, Karakoç, Karakaya, Aktaş, Cıvık and Akın).

## Cave treasures

A "palace" in local caves has many treasures from Byzantine and Ottoman barons who lived there. The caves are guarded by the gendarmerie and many cameras.

## Economy

The economy of Yukarıkurudere is mostly agriculture and animal husbandry. Grain crops include barley, wheat, rye, chickpeas, lentil, vetch and sunflower.
# Raphitoma alleryana

Raphitoma alleryana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Raphitomidae.

## Description

The length of the shell reaches a length of 10 mm.
A shell with a minute, elegant fusiform shape, very distinct from its congeners through its sleek appearance produced by the rapidly growing in volume of its 6½ slightly convex whorls, for the subtle reticulation and the low elevation of the ribs which gives it a pearly appearance, and finally for the softness of the shell and its golden-yellow to horny color.. The suture is impressed. The aperture is subovate with a simple outer lip with inconspicuous denticles. The short siphonal canal is slightly inflected. The body whorl shows a conspicuous white submedian band. The smooth apex has a bright, horny color. The columella is almost straight.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Western Mediterranean Sea and off Italy and Portugal.
# Ubiquitin-interacting motif

In molecular biology, the Ubiquitin-Interacting Motif (UIM), or 'LALAL-motif', is a sequence motif of about 20 amino acid residues, which was first described in the 26S proteasome subunit PSD4/RPN-10 that is known to recognise ubiquitin. In addition, the UIM is found, often in tandem or triplet arrays, in a variety of proteins either involved in ubiquitination and ubiquitin metabolism, or known to interact with ubiquitin-like modifiers. Among the UIM proteins are two different subgroups of the UBP (ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase) family of deubiquitinating enzymes, one F-box protein, one family of HECT-containing ubiquitin-ligases (E3s) from plants, and several proteins containing ubiquitin-associated UBA and/or UBX domains. In most of these proteins, the UIM occurs in multiple copies and in association with other domains such as UBA (INTERPRO), UBX (INTERPRO), ENTH domain, EH (INTERPRO), VHS (INTERPRO), SH3 domain, HECT, VWFA (INTERPRO), EF-hand calcium-binding, WD-40, F-box (INTERPRO), LIM, protein kinase, ankyrin, PX, phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinase (INTERPRO), C2 domain, OTU (INTERPRO), DnaJ domain (INTERPRO), RING-finger (INTERPRO) or FYVE-finger (INTERPRO). UIMs have been shown to bind ubiquitin and to serve as a specific targeting signal important for monoubiquitination. Thus, UIMs may have several functions in ubiquitin metabolism each of which may require different numbers of UIMs.
The UIM is unlikely to form an independent protein domain. Instead, based on the spacing of the conserved residues, the motif probably forms a short alpha-helix that can be embedded into different protein folds. Some proteins known to contain an UIM are listed below:
* Eukaryotic PSD4/RPN-10/S5, a multi-ubiquitin binding subunit of the 26S proteasome.
* Vertebrate Machado-Joseph disease protein 1 (Ataxin-3), which acts as a histone-binding protein that regulates transcription; defects in Ataxin-3 cause the neurodegenerative disorder Machado-Joseph disease (MJD).
* Vertebrate epsin and epsin2.
* Vertebrate hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HRS).
* Mammalian epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 (EPS15), which is involved in cell growth regulation.
* Mammalian epidermal growth factor receptor substrate EPS15R.
* Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) liquid facets (lqf), an epsin.
* Yeast VPS27 vacuolar sorting protein, which is required for membrane traffic to the vacuole.
# Turbonilla kerstinae

Turbonilla kerstinae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Description

The shell grows to a length of 3.5 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the following locations:
* Angola
* Cape Verde
* Mauritania
# Palmer River (disambiguation)

Palmer River may refer to:
* Palmer River (Massachusetts – Rhode Island), in the United States
* Palmer River (Northern Territory), Australia, a tributary of the Finke River
* Palmer River (Queensland), in Australia
* Palmer River (Bécancour River tributary), a tributary of Bécancour River, in Chaudières-Appalaches, Quebec, Canada
* Palmer River (Labrador), a river flowing through the Torngat Mountains into Nachvak fjord
# Xanthoconalia patrizii

Xanthoconalia patrizii is a beetle in the genus Xanthoconalia of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1942 by Franciscolo.
# Studio Sessions 1957 & 1962

Studio Sessions 1957 & 1962 is the seventh volume of The Private Collection a series documenting recordings made by American pianist, composer and bandleader Duke Ellington for his personal collection which was first released on the LMR label in 1987 and later on the Saja label.

## Reception

The Allmusic review by Scott Yanow awarded the album 4½ stars and stated "these sets allow one to hear Duke experimenting with his ensemble. Some selections were essentially works-in-progress that would develop within the next few years; others were quickly discarded originals or rearrangements of older tunes".
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |

## Track listing

:All compositions by Duke Ellington
* Things Ain't What They Used to Be (Mercer Ellington) - 3:19
* "Something Sexual" - 2:16
* "The Riff" - 2:25
* "Bluer" - 2:14
* "Wailing 'Bout" - 2:48
* "I Cover the Waterfront" (Johnny Green, Edward Heyman) - 3:27
* "Blues a la Willie Cook" - 4:03
* "Slow Blues Ensemble" - 3:13
* "Circle of Fourths" (Ellington, Billy Strayhorn) - 2:12
* "Perdido" (Juan Tizol) - 3:12
* "Three Trumps" - 2:46
* "Deep Blues" (Ellington, McAlpin, Rose) - 3:30
* "Things Ain't What They Used to Be" (Mercer Ellington) - 6:51
* "Paris Blues" - 2:49
* "I Got It Bad (And That Ain't Good)" (Ellington, Paul Francis Webster) - 3:15
* "Circle Blues" - 5:46
* "Perdido" (Tizol) - 3:15
* "The Sky Fell Down" - 4:30
* "Cotton Tail" - 3:04
* "Passion Flower" (Strayhorn) - 4:22
   * Recorded at Universal Studios, Chicago on January 17, 1957 (tracks 3-6), January 29, 1957 (tracks 7-12), February 1957 (tracks 1 & 2), at A&R Studio, New York on March 29, 1962 (tracks 13-16), and at Bell Sound Studios, New York on May 28, 1962 (tracks 17, 18 & 20), and June 6, 1962 (track 19).

## Personnel

* Duke Ellington – piano (tracks 1-12, 14 & 17-20)
* Billy Strayhorn - piano (tracks 13, 15 & 16)
* Ray Nance -cornet (tracks 13-20), trumpet ( (tracks 1, 3, 4, 7, 8 & 11)
* Cat Anderson (track 1 & 17-20), Bill Berry (track 14 & 17-20), Roy Burrowes (track 14 & 17-20), Willie Cook (tracks 1, 3, 4, 7, 8 & 11), Eddie Mullens (track 14), Clark Terry (tracks 1, 3, 4 & 8-11) - trumpet
* Lawrence Brown (track 13-20), Leon Cox (track 14 & 17-20), Quentin Jackson (track 1), Britt Woodman (track 1) - trombone
* John Sanders - valve trombone (track 1)
* Chuck Connors - bass trombone (track 14 & 17-20)
* Jimmy Hamilton - clarinet, tenor saxophone (track 1, 14 & 17-20)
* Russell Procope - alto saxophone, clarinet (track 1, 14 & 17-20)
* Johnny Hodges - alto saxophone (tracks 1, 2, 13-20)
* Paul Gonsalves - tenor saxophone
* Harry Carney - baritone saxophone (track 1 & 13-20)
* Aaron Bell (track 13-20), Jimmy Woode (tracks 1-12)- bass
* Sonny Greer (track 14), Sam Woodyard (tracks 1-13, 15-20) - drums
* Unidentified choir (track 2)