OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Volvo Brage

The Volvo Brage/Starke/Raske was a series of medium size trucks produced by Swedish automaker Volvo between 1954 and 1972.

## Volvo Brage

In 1954 Volvo introduced the medium-sized truck L370 Brage, named after the Norse god Bragi. The truck had a payload of 4.5 tonnes. Brage had an overhead valve petrol engine. In 1955 a budget model called L360 was added. It had a reduced payload of 3.5 tonnes and a side-valve engine. The L360, which was never called Brage, was discontinued in 1957. Early trucks had a non-synchronized four-speed gear box, but this was soon replaced by a synchronized five-speed transmission. Demand for trucks with petrol engines declined with rising fuel prices and the Brage model was discontinued in 1963.

## Volvo Starke

Parallel with the Brage model Volvo offered a diesel version called L375 Starke ("Strong"), with a payload of 4.5 tonnes. In 1955 the budget model L365 was added, with a payload of 3.5 tonnes but it was discontinued the following year. Also Starke soon got its unsynchronized gear box replaced with a more modern five-speed gear box.
In 1961 the truck's name was changed to L465 Starke.

## Volvo Raske

In 1961 the sturdier L475 Raske ("Swift") was introduced, with a payload of 5 tonnes. Besides Starke's diesel engine Raske was offered with a turbo-diesel.
In 1962 Volvo added the forward control L4751 Raske Tiptop with a tilting cab to the program.

## Volvo N84

Volvo introduced its "System 8" in 1965. The Starke model carried on with the new name N84. The major change for the truck was a more powerful engine.

## Other

In Norway, this series of trucks were nicknamed "Bamse"(a diminutive for "bear", also meaning "teddy bear")The original names are mostly unknown. The bigger "Viking" retained its original name.

## Engines

| Model | Year | Engine | Displacement | Power | Type |
| L360 | 1955–57 | Volvo ED: I6 sv | 3,670 cc (224 cu in) | 90 bhp (67 kW) | Petrol engine |
| L370 | 1954–63 | Volvo A6: I6 ohv | 4,703 cc (287.0 cu in) | 115 bhp (86 kW) | Petrol engine |
| L365-475 | 1955–65 | Volvo D47: I6 ohv | 4,703 cc (287.0 cu in) | 95 bhp (71 kW) | Diesel engine |
| L475 | 1961–65 | Volvo TD47: I6 ohv | 4,703 cc (287.0 cu in) | 120 bhp (89 kW) | Turbo-diesel |
| N84 | 1965–72 | Volvo D50: I6 ohv | 5,130 cc (313 cu in) | 107 bhp (80 kW) | Diesel engine |
# Campbell County Courthouse

Campbell County Courthouse may refer to:
* Campbell County Courthouse (Georgia), Fairburn, Georgia
* Campbell County Courthouse (Newport, Kentucky), listed on the National Register of Historic Places
* Campbell County Courthouse (Virginia), Rustburg, Virginia
* Campbell County Courthouse (Wyoming), Sheridan, Wyoming
# Veterans' and Active Force

The Veterans' and Active Force was a one-man political party that was represented in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, Canada, from 1944 to 1948. It was led by William J. Williams.
Williams, a World War II veteran, ran and managed his own campaign on a platform of promoting veterans' benefits for soldiers who were coming home from the war. He was elected on the 16th and final vote count in the 1944 election in the Edmonton district. His slim election victory resulted from the vote transfer of servicemen, who had voted Social Credit as their first preference.
The service vote was able to be tracked, because veterans and soldiers' were given special ballots.
Mr. Williams did not seek re-election in 1948, and the Veterans' and Active Force party disappeared with his retirement.
Source: Calgary Herald, August 10, 1944.
# Mugavade

Mugavade is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district. Nearest railway stations around the village are Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station.
# Samuel Hynes

Samuel Lynn Hynes (August 29, 1924 – October 9, 2019) was an American author. He won a Robert F. Kennedy Book Award for The Soldiers' Tale in 1998.

## Biography

Hynes was born in Chicago, Illinois. He attended the University of Minnesota and Columbia University.
Hynes served as a Marine Corps pilot from 1943 until 1946 and in 1952 and 1953. In a memoir, "Flights of Passage," Hynes explored in detail his pilot training and subsequent service in the Pacific during World War II. He received the Distinguished Flying Cross. He also discussed his experiences as a pilot in the documentary series The War by Ken Burns (2007). Burns interviewed Hynes again for The Vietnam War (2017), where Hynes discussed his experiences at Northwestern University during its anti-Vietnam War protests.
Hynes was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature and Woodrow Wilson Professor of Literature emeritus at Princeton University. His other books include On War and Writing (University of Chicago Press, 2018), A War Imagined, The Growing Seasons and The Unsubstantial Air: American Fliers in the First World War published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux in October 2014.

## Family

Alex Preston (born 1979), British author and journalist, and his brother Samuel Preston (1982) lead singer of English band The Ordinary Boys, are among his grandsons.

## Death

Hynes died of congestive heart failure at the age of 95 in his home in Princeton, New Jersey, on October 9, 2019.
# Vain, Erudite and Stupid: Selected Works 1987–2005

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Pitchfork Media | 7.9/10 |
Vain, Erudite and Stupid: Selected Works 1987–2005 is a compilation album by New Zealand noise rock band The Dead C, released on 1 August 2006 through Ba Da Bing Records.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by The Dead C

## Personnel

* Rob Carmichael – design
* The Dead C – production, recording
* Michael Morley – instruments
* Bruce Russell – instruments
* Robbie Yeats – instruments
# QSR

QSR may refer to:
* QSR International, a qualitative research software developer based in Melbourne, Australia
* QSR, a standardized Q code initially developed for commercial radiotelegraph communication
* Quick service restaurant (also fast food restaurant), a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service
* Restaurant Brands International (stock symbol: QSR), a Canadian multinational fast food holding company
* Salerno Costa d'Amalfi Airport (IATA code: QSR), an airport in southern Italy, near to Salerno
# Scolopia crassipes

Scolopia crassipes is a species of plant in the family Salicaceae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.

## Culture

Known as ක‍ටු කෙන්ද (katu kenda) in Sinhala.

## External sources

Media related to Scolopia crassipes at Wikimedia Commons
* https://www.gbif.org/species/3879399/
* https://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11608/NBGB_NBGB_BELGIUM_BR0000005056194.html
* http://arctos.database.museum/name/Scolopia%20crassipes
* http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do?find_genus=Scolopia&find_isAPNIRecord=on&find_isGCIRecord=on&find_isIKRecord=on&output_format=normal
* This Salicaceae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Pascula ochrostoma

Pascula ochrostoma is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

## Description

The shell size varies between 11 and 35 mm (0.43 and 1.38 in)

## Distribution

This species is distributed in the Red Sea and in the Indian Ocean along Aldabra, Chagos, Madagascar, the Mascarene Basin, the Seychelles and Tanzania. It is also known from the Western Pacific Ocean, the Philippines and North and Western Australia.
# Vidmantas Žiemelis

Vidmantas Žiemelis (born 4 December 1950) is a Lithuanian politician. In 1990 he was among those who signed the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania.
He also served at one point as Lithuania's Minister of Internal Affairs.
# Podocalyx

Podocalyx is a plant genus under the family Picrodendraceae described in 1841. It is the sole genus in the subtribe Podocalycinae. There is only one known species, Podocalyx loranthoides, a tree native to Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, and northwestern Brazil.
# Venezuelan crisis (disambiguation)

Venezuelan crisis or Venezuela crisis may refer to:
* Venezuelan crisis of 1895, between Venezuela and the United Kingdom
* Venezuelan crisis of 1902–03, between Venezuela and Britain, Germany and Italy
* Dutch–Venezuelan crisis of 1908, between Venezuela and the Netherlands
* Venezuelan banking crisis of 1994
* Venezuelan refugee crisis (1999–present)
** Venezuela–Colombia migrant crisis (2015)
* 2005 Mexico–Venezuela diplomatic crisis
* Venezuelan banking crisis of 2009–10
* 2010 Colombia–Venezuela diplomatic crisis
* Crisis in Venezuela (2010–present)
** 2013–present economic crisis in Venezuela
** Energy crisis in Venezuela
** 2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis
* 2023 Guyana-Venezuela crisis
* 2024 Venezuelan political crisis
# Allsvenskan (speedway)

Allsvenskan (literally, "The National League") is the second tier in the league system of Speedway in Sweden and currently comprises six motorcycle speedway teams.
Until the introduction of the Elitserien in 1982 the Allsvenskan was the highest level of Swedish Speedway.

## 2024 Clubs

| Team | City | County or län | Founded | Stadium | Nickname |
| Gislaved | Gislaved | Jönköping County | 1936 | OnePartnerGroup Arena | The Lions |
| Griparna | Nyköping | Södermanland County | 1949 | Nyköpings Motorstadion | Grippers |
| Masarna | Avesta | Dalarna County | 1937 | Avesta Motorstadion | Masarna |
| Njudungarna | Vetlanda | Jönköping County | 1946 | Vetlanda Motorstadion | |
| Örnarna | Mariestad | Västra Götaland County | 1949 | Grevby Motorstadion | Eagles |
| Solkatterna | Karlstad | Värmland County | 1967 | Kalvholmen Motorbana | Sun Cats |
| Valsarna | Hagfors | Värmland County | 1967 | Tallhult Motorstadion | Rollers |

## History

From the start of Swedish league speedway in 1948 until 1981 the Allsvenskan was the top speedway league in Sweden. But in 1982 the Elitserien was formed and the Allsvenskan became the second level of Swedish speedway. Speedway meetings in Sweden are normally held between May and September. The teams are generally known by nicknames rather than club or city names. These nicknames usually have some sort of local connection.

## Rules

As with the Elitserien and the Speedway Elite League in the UK, the top four teams at the end of each season compete in the playoffs in semi-finals and a final. The winner of the final are crowned the champions and are often promoted to the Elitserien, although teams sometimes decline that opportunity.

## Team Selection

Unlike in British speedway the Swedish leagues have a squad from which the choose 7 riders for each meeting. The two riders with the lowest consecutive match average must be placed as reserves in jackets number 6 and 7.
# San Miguel Acatán

San Miguel Acatán is a municipality in the Guatemalan department of Huehuetenango. The Mayan language of Akateko is spoken here. The population in 2018 was 34,006.
# San Pedro Mixtepec

San Pedro Mixtepec may refer to
* San Pedro Mixtepec, Juquila, a municipality in Juquila District of Oaxaca
* San Pedro Mixtepec, Miahuatlán, a municipality in the Miahuatlán District of Oaxaca
# San Pedro Manrique

San Pedro Manrique is a municipality in the province of Soria, Castile and León, Spain. As of 2009, it had 626 inhabitants. Since the mid-nineteenth century this municipality has aggregated smaller villages.
There is a deposit of lead in the municipality.

## Villages

* Acrijos
* Armejún
* Buimanco
* Fuentebella
* Vea
* Peñazcurna
* Valdemoro de San Pedro Manrique
* Villarijo
* Matasejún
* Valdelavilla
* Santiago
* Valdenegrillos
* El Vallejo
* Taniñe
* Las Fuentes de San Pedro
* Ventosa de San Pedro
* Palacios

## Gallery

* San Pedro Manrique
* Ruins of the Romanesque church of San Miguel (13th century)
* The Romanesque church of San Martín de Tours (12th century)
* Ermita de la Virgen de la Peña (13th century)
* Rural architecture of the area
* The town center
* A door in the old town wall
* A house in the town

## History

Until the French Revolution the town was a constitutional municipality in the region of Castilla la Vieja, Soria. In the census of 1842, the town had were 138 homes and 550 residents.
In the 19th century, the municipality expanded to include the localities of Acrijos, Armejún, Buimanco, Fuentebella, Peñazcurna, Valdemoro de San Pedro Manrique, and Villarijo.
In the late 20th century, the municipality expanded to incorporate the localities of Matasejún, Valdelavilla, Sarnago, Valdenegrillos, El Vallejo, Taniñe, Las Fuentes de San Pedro, Ventosa de San Pedro, and Palacios.
As of 1 January 2010 the population was 639 inhabitants, 359 men and 280 women.

## Economy

The town is known for the spicy sausage produced there. The area is mainly reliant on livestock, agriculture, food industry (chacinera), hospitality, forestry and local services.

## Folk culture

It is known for its unique celebration of the Día de San Juan. During this festival, some women called "móndidas" dress in traditional costume wearing huge "cestaños" (a kind of basket filling stones for stability, and containing a roulade and several rolls), decorated with flowers and three "arbujuelos" (tree branches covered with unleavened bread colored with saffron). On the night of San Juan, known as the Paso del Fuego, a bonfire next to the shrine of the Virgen de la Peña is lit and when it has burnt to embers, the locals remove their shoes and walk barefoot on the lighted embers. It is very possible that these festivals are residue of a pagan pre-Christian holiday, and that the name of móndida comes from Maenad. The event is classified as being of ethnological interest by the Castile and Leon government.
In 2011, a scientific study of firewalking sparked global interest. In this study, the scientists showed evidence of synchronization between the heartbeats of practitioners and spectators at the firewalking ritual.

## Landmarks

* Shrine of the Virgin de la Peña
* Romanesque church of San Miguel, with statues of the Apostles
# Sanguinograptis

Sanguinograptis is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae. All species in this genus are found in Africa.

## Species

* Sanguinograptis albardana (Snellen, 1872)
* Sanguinograptis obtrecator Razowski, 1981
* Sanguinograptis ochrolegnia Razowski, 1986
* Sanguinograptis prosphora Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2012
# National liberation (Marxism)

National liberation has been a theme within Marxism, and especially after the influence of anti-imperialism and self-determination of all peoples became prevalent in communist movements, especially in advocating freedom from colonial rule in the Third World. National liberation has been promoted by Marxists out of an international-socialist perspective rather than a bourgeois nationalist perspective.
After the Russian Revolution, revolutionaries declared that all peoples had the right to self-determination. While communism is critical of nationalism, communists claimed that the cause of national liberation was not a matter of chauvinism, but a matter of radical democracy.
# Red wattle

Red wattle may refer to:

## Animals

* Red Wattle hog, domestic pig breed

## Plants

* Acacia crassicarpa, a tree native to Australia (Queensland), West Papua (Indonesia) and Papua New Guinea
* Acacia flavescens, a tree in the genus Acacia native to eastern Australia
* Acacia monticola, a species of plant in the legume family that is native to Australia
* Acacia silvestris, a tree in the genus Acacia native to southeastern Australia
# QSR J1819+3845

QSR J1819+3845 is a quasar notable for being the most variable known extragalactic radio source. This quasar shows variations of factors of four or more on a timescale of hours.
The variations have been shown to be due to scattering in the interstellar medium (ISM). This quasar furnished the elegant proof of the role of scattering due to the ISM, or interstellar scintillation, by showing a time delay in arrival between the signal at widely spaced telescopes (in the US and Netherlands).
Interstellar scintillation is the observed effect of interference and refractive phenomena due to the ISM. It can be thought of as the ISM focusing and defocusing the radio waves from the source, producing a pattern of dark and bright patches, rather like light and dark patches at the bottom of a fish pond. As the Earth moves through these patches we observe a temporal variation in the radio intensity (like a fish swimming through light and dark patches).
If the standard theory of diffractive scintillation is assumed to apply, ground-based radio traces would seem to require that J1819+3845 contains a component that must be less than about 5 microarcseconds across; this would require its temperature to be in excess of 10$^{15}$ K. However, the scintillation may perhaps be interpreted as being due to an unusual piece of intervening interstellar medium.
Nonetheless, its importance lies in having proved the importance of interstellar scintillation in creating the observed variations in brightness in at least some quasars, which had been the subject of some discussion.
# Scopula desita

Scopula desita is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found from Australia to the Sunda Islands, Tenimbar Islands and the Philippines.

## Subspecies

* Scopula desita desita (Australia)
* Scopula desita luzonica Prout, 1931 (Philippines: Luzon)
# Vienne-le-Château

Vienne-le-Château (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

## History

The village dates back to the 6th century when it was the possession of the Bishop of Verdun. A castle stood on a hill in the west of the town. It was destroyed in 959 by Count Grandpre. Rebuilt several times, only ruins remain. In the 12th century, the area was purchased by Count of Bar. The village was destroyed during the Great War.

## Culture and heritage
### Religious heritage

L'église Saint-Pierre-Saint-Paul is a church built during the 16th century. Built in the style of a Latin cross, the choir and the crossing were repaired between 1680 and 1690. Further work was undertaken from 1740 to 1744 and 1785 to 1788 when the facade, pillars in the nave, vaults and steeple were renovated. During the Great War, the church served as a first-aid station and was badly damaged, with the northern transept gutted and the steeple had collapsed. The church was repaired from 1925 and reopened for worship in 1930. It became a protected monument in 1922.

### Civil heritage

A castle was recorded here in the middle of the 11th century, belonging to the Count of Grandpré, and in the 13th century to the Count of Bar. In the 14th century, it became the property of the king of France. It was destroyed in 1810 and all that remains is the site with a moat and a motte and the courtyard.

### Places of remembrance of the Great War

Le Camp de la Vallée Moreau Around 3 km north of the town, is the site of a German Camp called the "West Moreau Valley", where troops held in reserve during World War One stayed. It was occupied from February 1915 until September 1918. In 1997, work started to reconstruct the camp.
La Nécropole Nationale de La Harazée This military cemetery was created in 1915 during the Battle of Argonne and has bodies exhumed from two other cemeteries. It has been enlarged over the years, first in 1924 then again in 1935 and 1936. It contains the graves of 1,672 French soldiers from Great War and one from World War Two. The last renovation of the site occurred in 1963.
L'ossuaire de La Gruerie The ossuary was created in 1923 and houses the remains of around 10,000 unnamed soldiers. The site was inaugurated on 7 July 1929. A stone wall, with the inscription Aux Morts de la Gruerie 1914-1918 stands over the ossuary with a niche containing a female statue with folded wings representing Victoria. With the face of Marianne and wearing a Phrygian cap, she holds the flame of remembrance in her right hand while her raised left arm and hand symbolise the collection of the dead. A basement lies below with a gallery with plaques to the dead. The statue is by Raoul Lamourdedieu.

## Gallery

* Church of Saint-Pierre-Saint-Paul
* German camp
# Poliopastea splendida

Poliopastea splendida is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1876.
# Vesicle-associated membrane protein

Vesicle associated membrane proteins (VAMPs) are a family of SNARE proteins with similar structure, and are mostly involved in vesicle fusion.
* VAMP1 and VAMP2 proteins known as synaptobrevins are expressed in brain and are constituents of the synaptic vesicles, where they participate in neurotransmitter release.
* VAMP3 (known as cellubrevin) is ubiquitously expressed and participates in regulated and constitutive exocytosis as a constituent of secretory granules and secretory vesicles.
* VAMP5 and VAMP7 participate in constitutive exocytosis.
** VAMP5 is a constituent of secretory vesicles, myotubes and tubulovesicular structures.
** VAMP7 is found both in secretory granules and endosomes.
* VAMP8 (known as endobrevin) participates in endocytosis and is found in early endosomes. VAMP8 also participates the regulated exocytosis in pancreatic acinar cells.
* VAMP4 is involved in transport from the Golgi.
# Allavaram mandal

Allavaram mandal is one of the 22 mandals in Konaseema district of Andhra Pradesh. As per census 2011, there are 14 villages in this mandal.

## Demographics

Allavaram mandal has total population of 68,242 (as of 2011 census) out of which 34,034 are males while 34,208 are females. The average sex ratio is 965. The total literacy rate of is 78%. As of 2024, the total population is 91,444.

## Villages
### Villages

* Allavaram
* Bendamurulanka
* Bodasakurru
* Devaguptam
* Godi
* Godilanka
* Gudala
* Komaragiripatnam
* Mogallamuru
* Odalarevu
* Rellugadda
* Samanthakuru
* Tadikona
* Thurupulanka
* Yentrikona
# Scopula dentilinea

Scopula dentilinea is a moth of the family Geometridae. It was described by William Warren in 1897. It is found in Madagascar, Sierra Leone, São Tomé and Zambia.
# Scofflaw

Scofflaw is a noun coined during the Prohibition era which originally denoted a person who drinks illegally, or otherwise ignored anti-drinking laws. It is a compound of the words scoff and law. Its use has been extended to mean one who flouts any law, especially those difficult to enforce, and particularly traffic laws.

## Etymology

"Scofflaw" was the winning entry of a nationwide competition to create a new word for "the lawless drinker," with a prize of $200 in gold, sponsored by Delcevare King, a banker and enthusiastic supporter of Prohibition, in 1923. Two separate entrants, Henry Irving Dale and Kate L. Butler, submitted the word, and split the $200 prize equally. Scofflaw was deemed the best and most suitable out of over 25,000 entries. The word was from the outset frequently used until the eventual repeal of Prohibition in 1933. It experienced a revival in the 1950s, as a term for anyone who displays disdain for laws difficult to enforce. The word itself remains a symbol of the Prohibition era.
# Dendrobium chameleon

Dendrobium chameleon (chameleleon dendrobium) is a species of orchid of the genus Dendrobium. It is native to the Philippines and Taiwan. The size of the flowers varies from 2.5 to 3.75 cm.
# ARM Netzahualcóyotl (D-102)

ARM Netzahualcóyotl (D-102), a Quetzalcóatl-class destroyer, was a destroyers operated by the Mexican Navy. Netzahualcóyotl was originally USS Steinaker, a Gearing-class destroyer.
Mexico purchased Steinaker from the United States Navy in 1982, and renamed it after the Acolhua polymath Nezahualcoyotl. The destroyer was modified by the Mexican Navy and included a helicopter landing pad and an ASROC anti-submarine missile system. Netzahualcóyotl was used in drug interdiction and training missions for cadets from the Mexican Naval Academy, sailing annually up to San Francisco, California, in the United States.
Netzahualcóyotl was retired in 2014 and is slated to be sunk as an artificial reef.