OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Polynomial texture mapping

Polynomial texture mapping (PTM), also known as Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI), is a technique of imaging and interactively displaying objects under varying lighting conditions to reveal surface phenomena. The data acquisition method is Single Camera Multi Light (SCML).

## Origins

The method was originally developed by Tom Malzbender of HP Labs in order to generate enhanced 3D computer graphics and it has since been adopted for cultural heritage applications.

## Methodology

A series of images is captured in a darkened environment with the camera in a fixed position and the object lit from different angles (Single Camera Multi Light). Interactive software processes and combines the set of images to enable the user inspecting the object to control a virtual light source. The virtual light source may be manipulated to simulate light from different angles and of different intensity or wavelengths to illuminate the surface of artefacts and reveal details. Open-source tools for processing the captured images and publishing the resulting relightable images on the web are freely available.

## Applications

Polynomial texture mapping may be used for detailed recording and documentation, 3D modeling, edge detection, and to aid the study of inscriptions, rock art and other artefacts. It has been applied to hundreds of the Vindolanda tablets by the Centre for the Study of Ancient Documents at the University of Oxford in conjunction with the British Museum. It has also been deployed, by Ben Altshuler of the Institute for Digital Archaeology, to scan the Philae obelisk at Kingston Lacy and the Parian Chronicle at the Ashmolean Museum; in both cases scans revealed significant, previously illegible text. Method was also used for identifying microscopic worked antler from Star Carr and recording ancient rock art in Armenia.
A 'dome' supporting twenty-four lights has been used to image paintings in the National Gallery and produce polynomial texture maps, providing information on condition phenomena for conservation purposes. Studies of the technique at the National Gallery and Tate concluded that it is an effective tool for documenting changes in the condition of paintings, more easily repeatable than raking light photography, and therefore could be used to assess paintings during structural treatment and before and after loan. Twelve dome-based systems built by the University of Southampton have been used to capture thousands of cuneiform tablets at various museums.
The technique is now also finding uses in the field of forensic science, for example in imaging footprints, tyre marks, and indented writing.
# Nelson (provincial electoral district)

Nelson was the name of a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It first appeared on the hustings in the general election of 1916 in place of the former riding of Nelson City. Its last appearance was in the 1928 election. Following redistribution, the Nelson area was combined with the Creston riding to create Nelson-Creston, which first appeared in the 1933 election.
For other current and historical electoral districts in the Kootenay region, please see Kootenay (electoral districts).

## Demographics

* Population, 1916
* Population change, 1916–1931
* Area (km²)
* Population density (people per km²)

## Electoral history

Note: Winners in each election are in bold.
14th British Columbia election, 1916 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | Expenditures |
| | Independent Liberal $^1$ | George Bell | 125 | 10.09% | unknown |
| | Liberal | Archie Mainwaring Johnson | 507 | 40.92% | unknown |
| | Conservative | William Oliver Rose | 607 | 48.99% | unknown |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 1,239 | 100.00% |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | % | |
| $^1$ When identified as a "Socialist" in the election results printed in a Vancouver daily, Bloomer wrote a letter to object and called himself an Independent |||||||
15th British Columbia election, 1920 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | Expenditures |
| | Liberal | James O'Shea | 763 | 38.25% | unknown |
| | Conservative | William Oliver Rose | 1,232 | 61.75% | unknown |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 1,995 | 100.00% |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | % | |
16th British Columbia election, 1924 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | Expenditures |
| | Liberal | Kenneth Campbell | 902 | 43.14% | unknown |
| | Conservative | Charles Forbes McHardy | 711 | 34.00% | unknown |
| | Farmer–Labour | George Turner ² | 478 | 22.86% | unknown |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 2,091 | 100.00% |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | % | |
| ² Endorsed by Provincial Party. |||||||
17th British Columbia election, 1928 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | Expenditures |
| | Conservative | Lorris E. Borden | 1,338 | 53.07% | unknown |
| | Liberal | Duncan Daniel McLean | 1,183 | 46.93% | unknown |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 2,521 | 100.00% |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | 48 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | % | |
The Nelson riding was redistributed after the 1928 election. In the 1933 election the Nelson-Kootenay Lake area was represented by the new riding of Nelson-Creston.

## Sources

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia :
| Preceded byVictoria City | Constituency represented by the Premier of British Columbia 1924–1927 | Succeeded byYale |
Elections BC Historical Returns
# Wadi Mathendous

Wadi Mathendous is a prehistoric archaeological site in the Mesak Settafet escarpment, located in the southwestern Fezzan region in Libya. It contains many petroglyphs of figures and objects, as well as other rock art. The chiseled animals include elephants, giraffes, aurochs, wildcats, and crocodiles. These rock engravings and cave paintings have been dated to the Neolithic period, around 8,000 years ago.

## On postage stamps

The General Posts and Telecommunications Company of the Libyan government at the time, dedicated an issue of postage stamps to the rock engravings of Wadi Mathendous. The issue is made of five stamps and was released in 1978, January 1st (ref. Scott catalogue n.711-715 - Michel catalogue n.624-628).
# Amalie Winter

Amalie Winter was the pen name used by Amalie Karoline Charlotte Wilhelmine Henriette von Seebach (1802–1879), a German poet and novelist.

## Biography

Amalie Karoline Charlotte Wilhelmine Henriette von Seebach was born in Weimar, Germany, 1802. Her father was Prussian major general Friedrich Johann Christian Heinrich von Seebach (1767–1847); her mother was Henriette Sophie Wilhelmine von Seebach, née von Stein-Nordheim (1773–1817).
In early life, she became acquainted with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, and her taste and mind were formed under his influence. In 1821, the day she turned 19, she married Ludwig Albrecht Joseph Gabriel Freiherr von Groß (1793–1857), who later became privy financial advisor of Saxony.
At the age of 27, her writing appeared as contributions to a popular Weimar journal Chaos (1829–1832). In 1838, she published "Pictures of German Life,” and afterwards novelettes: Pictures of Women; Recollections of a Leaden Soldier, for children from ages 8 to 10 (1840); Recollections of a Berlin Doll, for children from ages 5 to 10 and their mothers (1844); Fairytales of Nature; and The Diadem and the Scepter. She wrote a great many works for children and poems. She also translated English works of Lady Blessington (1841), Charles Dickens (1841) and Thomas De Quincey (1840) into German.
# Splinter bid

In the card game "contract bridge", a splinter bid is a convention whereby a double jump response in a side-suit indicates excellent support (at least four cards), a singleton or void in that side-suit (but preferably not the ace or king), and at least game-going strength. Some partnerships agree that the maximum strength can be only that necessary to reach a game contract; stronger holdings with major suit support instead might temporize with a Jacoby 2NT bid.
The idea was developed independently in 1963 by David Cliff, the first to write about it, and Dorothy Hayden Truscott; it grew out of two earlier bidding tools, the Fragment bid and the Void-Showing bid.

## Examples

For example, a four clubs (4♣) response to a one heart (1♥) opening establishes hearts as trump suit and indicates a singleton or void in clubs. Different bidding systems may specify different strengths for responder's hand, e.g. 10-12 high card points (HCP), 10-14 or 11-15, for a splinter. With a strong hand, a responder and opener may be able to make slam on sheer strength, so splinters by responder are best restricted to hands containing a fairly narrow HCP range and a void or a small singleton in the splintered suit. A singleton honor is frowned upon. Although they consume bidding space, splinter bids are very descriptive as they help partner to reevaluate his/her hand: soft honors (a king, queen or jack) in the splinter suit lose value, while honors in the other three suits gain value.
In some positions if a simple bid of the suit would be forcing then a single jump can be a splinter. For example, in a system where 1♥–2♣; 2♦ is a forcing sequence, 1♥–2♣; 3♦ may be used as a splinter. (However, this approach would require a specific agreement in advance—many players use this sequence to denote a strong two-suiter.) Some partnerships use certain single jumps as "mini-splinters" that promise less strength, allowing partner to choose between part-score and game rather than between game and slam.
The short suit in a splinter hand is preferably a small singleton, though it can occasionally be a singleton honor or a void. The idea is that partner can easily tell if he has wasted values in the splinter suit; for example, Axxx is ideal whereas KJ9x is almost worthless.
Opener can also make a splinter bid to agree responder's suit if he is strong enough to be able to force to game if responder was minimum for his bid; see example 2 below. Typically, opener would have 15-18 points for this sequence.
The four diamond bids in the following bidding sequences (with East-West passing throughout) are generally agreed to be splinter bids establishing spades as the trump suit:
| North | South |
| 1♠ | 4♦ |
| North | South |
| 1♣ | 1♠ |
| 4♦ | |
| North | South |
| 1♣ | 1♥ |
| 1♠ | 4♦ |
A splinter may occur at the three level. In the following auction, South is showing acceptance of hearts and a singleton in spades.
| North | South |
| 1♥ | 3♠ |
# Scandia (cnidarian)

Scandia is a genus of hydrozoans in the family Hebellidae.
Species include:
* Scandia corrugata Fraser, 1938
* Scandia gigas (Pieper, 1884)
* Scandia michaelsarsi (Leloup, 1935)
* Scandia minor (Fraser, 1938)
* Scandia mutabilis (Ritchie, 1907)
* Scandia neglecta (Stechow, 1913)
# Vatsvatnet

Vatsvatnet is a lake in the municipality of Vindafjord in Rogaland county, Norway. The 2.16-square-kilometre (0.83 sq mi) lake lies south of the European route E134 highway and north of the village of Vats. The long, narrow lake is 5.8 kilometres (3.6 mi) long, and has a maximum width of 900 metres (3,000 ft). The primary outflow of the lake is the river Åmselva which flows south into the Vatsfjorden.
# Pomaderris rotundifolia

Pomaderris rotundifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Rhamnaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is an upright, spreading shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.1–1.5 m (3.9 in – 4 ft 11.1 in), its branchlets covered with star-shaped hairs. The leaves are more or less round leaves and the flowers are white to pink. In most respects it is similar to other species of Pomaderris occurring in Western Australia but has more prominent bracts, shorter pedicels and well-developed petals. Flowering occurs from June to October.
The species was first formally described in 1863 by Ferdinand von Mueller, who gave it the nme Spyridium rotundifolium in his Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae, from specimens collected by George Maxwell near "Point Maxwell". In 1996, Barbara Lynette Rye changed the name to Pomaderris rotundifolia in the journal Nuytsia. The specific epithet (rotundifolia) means "round-leaved".
Pomaderris rotundifolia is found in the south of Western Australia in the Esperance Plains and Mallee biogeographic regions of the state. It is listed as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
# Neopol

Neopol is a Turkish house music duo founded by Ozan Ülke and Nilüfer Ülke in 2010. Neopol, won the remix contest by American indie pop band Super Mirage hold for their track Dance Hall within the same year. Canadian band The Easton Ellises came up with their new single Dance It, Dance All in 2012, in which they also included the tracks' Neopol remix. The single Koza, released by the duo in November 2012, also happens to be the first Turkish electro/progressive house track. The second single Sanki Sen published in February 2013, also included a remix by accomplished musician Salih Korkut Peker of Istanbul Arabesque Project. After publishing its second track Sanki Sen, the duo is also pleasing its fans abroad with the succeeding English singles I Love It Big and It's Voodoo. Neopol has won recognition for its unique dj+vocal performances.

## Singles

2012
* "Koza"
2013
* "Sanki Sen"
* "I Love It Big"
2014
* "It's Voodoo"
2015
* "Asortik"
* "Zero Hundred"

## Remixes

2010
* "Super Mirage – Dance Hall (Neopol Remix)"
2012
* "The Easton Ellises – Dance It, Dance All (Neopol Remix)"
2013
* "Lazy Rich & Hirshee feat Amba Shepherd – Damage Control (Neopol Bootleg Remix)"
* "How To Destroy Angels – Strings & Attractors (Neopol Bootleg Remix)
* "Fedde Le Grand – Rockin' N' Rollin' (Neopol Bootleg Remix)
* "Dev – Dans Et (Neopol Remix)"
* "Linkin Park & Steve Aoki – A Light That Never Comes (Neopol Bootleg Remix)
2015
* "Azealia Banks – Chasing Time (Neopol Bootleg Remix)"
* "R3hab & Nervo & Ummet Ozcan - Revolution (Neopol Remix)"
# Pattison State Park

Pattison State Park is a 1,436-acre (581 ha) Wisconsin state park south of Superior, Wisconsin. Situated on the Black River, the park contains both Big Manitou Falls, the highest waterfall in Wisconsin at 165 feet (50 m), and Little Manitou Falls, which is 30 feet (9.1 m). Pattison State Park was established in 1920.

## History

Pattison State Park is named after Martin Pattison, an early lumber man and miner. In 1879, the company he was working with moved to Superior. After becoming wealthy in the iron mining business, he purchased an entire city block on the harbor, where he built the 42-room Martin Pattison House, which is now the Fairlawn Mansion and Museum. In 1917, there was a plan to build a "power dam" on the Black River. The dam would have destroyed what is known as the Big Manitou Falls. Pattison took the initiative to save the falls by secretly buying land, 660 acres (270 ha) in total from different land owners along the river. In 1918, he donated the land to the state which led to Wisconsin dedicating its sixth state park to Martin Pattison on January 20, 1920. Until 1935, Pattison State Park consisted of a small picnic area, some wooden overlooks, pit toilets, and a ranger cabin. On July 25, 1935, the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) began renewing the park. The Corps quarried rock and chiseled it into blocks to create the park shelter building, nature center, bathhouse, and former office building. It also drained Interfalls Lake, rerouted the river channel, hauled sand from Lake Superior's shore to make the beach, installed sewer and water systems, removed old roadbeds, planted trees, and landscaped and built three miles of foot trails.

## Activities and amenities

* Nature center: The Gitche Gumee Nature Center features exhibits about the park's cultural and natural history, including its wildlife and geology. Guided nature walks are offered, and children's nature exploration backpacks are also available.
* Swimming: The park has a 300-foot (91 m) sand beach on Interfalls Lake.
* Trails: The park's 9 miles (14 km) of hiking trails include trails that are used for cross-country skiing and snowshoeing. Beaver Slide Nature Trail is 2 miles long and circles Interfalls Lake. Logging Camp Trail is 4.7 miles long from which some of the remains of Pattison's old logging camp by the Black River, can be seen.
* Camping: The park has 59 family campsites, 18 of them with electric hookups, and 3 backpack sites.
# Vilabertran

Vilabertran (Catalan pronunciation:) is a municipality in the comarca of Alt Empordà, Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
# Schwarz, Germany

Schwarz is a municipality in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.
# Reloaded (DJ BoBo album)

Reloaded is a 2013 compilation album by Swiss singer, songwriter, dancer, and music producer DJ BoBo containing reworked materials of some of his greatest hits.
Six of the 14 tracks on the album are remixed by King & White Mix, another by Swiss DJ and producer David May and one by DJ / producer German duo Bodybangers (Andreas Hinz und Michael Müller).
The album also has collaborations as well with many established artists including Remady, Manu-L, The Baseballs, Mike Candys, Kim Wilde, Inna and Jessica Folcker, and a final track comprising a megamix of many of his other hits.

## Track listing

| Track # | Title | Credits | Length |
| 1. | "Somebody Dance With Me (Remady 2013 Mix)" | DJ Bobo feat. Manu-L | 3:01 |
| 2. | "Pray" | King & White Mix | 3:51 |
| 3. | "Take Control" | DJ Bobo & Mike Candys | 3:20 |
| 4. | "Everybody" | DJ Bobo & Inna | 3:20 |
| 5. | "Love Is All Around" | David May Mix | 3:22 |
| 6. | "I Believe" | DJ Bobo & Kim Wilde | 3:33 |
| 7. | "There Is A Party" | King & White Mix | 2:59 |
| 8. | "Chihuahua" | DJ Bobo & The Baseballs | 3:12 |
| 9. | "Freedom" | King & White Mix | 3:32 |
| 10. | "Shadows of The Night" | King & White Mix | 3:12 |
| 11. | "What A Feeling" | Bodybangers Mix | 3:39 |
| 12. | "Respect Yourself" | DJ Bobo & Jessica Folcker | 2:59 |
| 13. | "Let The Dream Come True" | King & White Mix | 3:24 |
| 14. | "Reloaded Megamix" | | 6:10 |

## Charts

| Chart (2010) | Peak position |
| Swiss Albums Chart | 6 |
| German Albums Chart | 53 |
# Cardinal Gibbons High School

Cardinal Gibbons High School may refer to:
* Cardinal Gibbons High School (Fort Lauderdale, Florida)
* Cardinal Gibbons High School (Raleigh, North Carolina)
* Cardinal Gibbons School (Baltimore, Maryland)
# Antonionian (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Gutter Magazine | favorable |
| Pitchfork | 6.8/10 |
| Spectrum Culture | 4.0/5 |
Antonionian is the debut studio album by American multi-instrumentalist Jordan Dalrymple under the Antonionian moniker. It was released on Anticon in 2011. Music videos were created for "Into the Night" and "The Ride".

## Critical reception

Nick Neyland of Pitchfork gave the album a 6.8 out of 10, saying: "This is an album that's all about feeling, of conjuring up a particular mood, where the words are an additional splash of color for the listener to decipher." Glenn Jackson of XLR8R called it "electro-funk-leaning avant-pop".
Nick Hanover of Spectrum Culture gave the album a 4.0 out of 5, saying: "Over the course of nine tracks, Antonionian's debut plays out like an Anticon sampler, with references to almost every path the label has explored in the past decade or so." He added: "With Antonionian, Dalrymple may not have exactly come out of Doseone or Yoni Wolf's shadows but he's easily proven himself to be a force to be reckoned with in his own right." Daniel Levin Becker of SF Weekly said, "the album boasts the closest thing to honest-to-goodness songs we've heard from the Anticon camp in a long time."

## Personnel

Credits adapted from liner notes.
* Jordan Dalrymple – production
* Carrie Clough – vocals (3)
* Hervé Salters – piano (6)
* Mike Cresswell – mixing, mastering
* Adam Drucker – artwork
# Paul Kennedy (psychologist)

Paul Kennedy (1959–2016) was a clinical psychologist with expertise in spinal cord damage rehabilitation.

## Biography

Kennedy was born in Belfast where he attended St. Mary's Christian Brothers' Grammar School, Belfast. He proceeded to Ulster University where he obtained a BSc in Psychology. He then undertook training in clinical psychology at Queens University, Belfast. In 1995, he was awarded a DPhil by Ulster University for a thesis on psychological aspects of spinal injury.
He developed psychological services for the National Spinal Injuries Centre at Stoke Mandeville Hospital. He also worked to develop the clinical psychology training programme at the University of Oxford where he was appointed Professor of Clinical Psychology.

## Publications

* Llewellyn, C., & Kennedy, P. (eds.) (2003). Handbook of Clinical Health Psychology. Chichester: Wiley.
* Kennedy, P. (ed.) (2007). Psychological management of physical disabilities: a practitioner's guide. London: Routledge.
* Beinert, H., Kennedy, P., & Llewellyn, S. (eds.) (2009). Clinical psychology in practice. Chichester: BPS/Blackwell.
* Kennedy, P. (ed.) (2012). The Oxford handbook of rehabilitation psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

## Awards

* 2014: Outstanding Psychologist, Spinal Injuries Association
* 2013: Lifetime Achievement Award, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust
* 2011: Ludwig-Guttmann Prize, Deutschprachige Medizinsche Gelleschaft Paraplegiologie, Germany
* 2002: Distinguished Service Award, American Association of Psychologists and Social Workers in Spinal Cord injury
* 1999: Lars Sullivan Award
* 1995: Golden Helix Award, Hewlett Packard European Healthcare
# Raghuvarya Tirtha

Raghuvarya Tirtha (c.1462 - c.1557) was a Hindu philosopher, scholar, theologian and saint. He served as the pontiff of Shri Uttaradi Math from 1502-1557. He was the thirteenth in succession from Madhvacharya. According to tradition Sri Raghuvarya Tirtha taught the famous Nyayasudha of Jayatirtha seven times to his disciples.

## Career
### Works

Raghuvarya Tirtha composed many works but some of his extant works are Laghupariksa (or Raghupariksa) on nyaya, a commentary on Narayanapanditacarya's Prameyaratnamalika, Kṛṣṇastuti a devotional lyric in Kannada.
# Wagtmans

Wagtmans is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Rini Wagtmans (born 1946), Dutch cyclist
* Wout Wagtmans (1929–1994), Dutch cyclist, uncle of Rini
# Myelobia nabalalis

Myelobia nabalalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Schaus in 1934. It is found in Brazil (Rio de Janeiro).