OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Piri (Sikhism)

The Piri system (also known or spelt as Peerah or Peehri) was part of the Sikh missionary administrative organization founded by the third Sikh guru, Guru Amar Das, for the purpose of propagating Sikhism amongst women (especially women from Muslim backgrounds). The system was significantly expanded by the seventh Sikh Guru, Guru Har Rai. Each Piri was a Sikh missionary seat and administrative unit. The Piris were sub-centres under the Manji system.

## Etymology

A Piri is a very small wooden cot (taken as the seat of authority in this context) from which the Sikh Piris (female Sikh preachers, holders of seat of religious authority) would teach Sikhism specifically to other women. The word Manji also means a wooden cot, similarly used to denote a seat of Sikh religious authority for preaching Sikhism to the general public.

## History
### Founding

Guru Amar Das trained and appointed 52 women alongside 94 men as missionaries for the spread of Sikhism. For the Piri system, it involved an appointed preaching official and missionary for Sikh assemblies and congregations whom were all women and instructed to spread Sikhism amongst women (especially women belonging to Muslim backgrounds). According to W. Owen Cole, establishment of the manji and piri systems may have been motivated by the large amounts of new converts coming into the Sikh faith, especially in the Punjab. However, many of these converts brought in beliefs and practices of their original faith, so the preachers were appointed to instruct them on proper Sikh orthodoxy and orthopraxy, essentially motivating them to choose the Sikh faith and all that comes with it, even if it involves discarding their old ways of spirituality in the process. The head leaders of the Piri system were Mata Bhani, Bibi Dani, and Bibi Pal, all of whom had been appointed by Guru Amar Das himself and were intellectual types. Besides the dissemination of Sikhism, the piris also taught women about social and religious norms. According to Harish Jain, rather than being a separate system from the Manji system, the Piri system was rather a sub-centre of each Manji. The number of Piri centres was 52, which were under the purview of 22 Manjis.

### Expansion

Guru Har Rai faced some serious difficulties during the period of his guruship. The corrupt masand Dhir Mal and heretical Mina sect always tried to preclude the advancement of the Sikh religion.
Earlier, the Piri system was founded by Guru Amar Das. To reform the corrupted Masand system, Guru Har Rai expanded the Piri system by establishing additional female Sikh missionary seats called Piris after the small cot (manji) used by the Guru's representatives. He also tried to improve the old corrupt Masand system and appointed pious and committed personalities, such as Suthre Shah, Sahiba, Sangtia, Mian Sahib, Bhagat Bhagwan, Bhagat Mal and Jeet Mal Bhagat (also known as Bairagi), as the heads of Manjis.
# CYP26B1

Cytochrome P450 26B1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYP26B1 gene.
This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases that catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and the synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. The enzyme encoded by this gene is involved in the specific inactivation of all-trans-retinoic acid to hydroxylated forms, such as 4-oxo-, 4-OH-, and 18-OH-all-trans-retinoic acid.
In a developing mouse embryo, CYP26B1 is expressed in the distal tip of the forming limb bud with an abundance in the apical ectodermal ridge. In a knockout mouse model, mice manifest with severe limb malformations and die after birth due to respiratory distress. However, if the expression of CYP26B1 is conditionally deleted only prior to E9.5, the limbs are not as severely truncated and more digits are visible. Research suggests that this difference is attributable to the timing of chondroblast differentiation.
CYP26B1 has been shown to be over-expressed in colorectal cancer cells compared to normal colonic epithelium. CYP26B1 expression was also independently prognostic in patients with colorectal cancer and strong expression was associated with a poorer outcome.
In the mouse, it has been shown that retinoid-degrading enzyme coded for by the gene, CYP26B1, also plays a major role in male gonad development and spermatogenesis. The actions of retinoic acid(RA) are suppressed by CYP26B1 which halts male germ cell differentiation. RA is responsible for the activation of Stra8 which signals XX germ cells to progress to meiotic prophase I. The actions of Stra8 are inhibited by CYP26B1 until a male is of pubertal age. The mechanism by which CYP26B1 is downregulated in the testis has yet to be discovered.
In a genome-wide study, CCHCR1, TCN2, TNXB, LTA, FASN, and CYP26B1 were identified as loci associated with a risk for developing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Of these loci, CYP26B1 exhibited the highest effect size. Moreover, the CYP26B1 locus was found to have two alleles with differing capacities to catabolize all-trans retinoic acid, a chemotherapeutic agent. When the allele with the higher catabolic capacity, rs138478634-GA, was overexpressed, cell proliferation was significantly enhanced in comparison to the other allele, rs138478634-GG. Additionally, research is suggestive of a lifestyle interaction where individuals with the risk allele who partake in smoking or drinking present with an odd-ratio over 2-fold higher than smokers or drinkers without the variant or individuals who refrain.
# Piripiri

Piripiri may refer to:

## Places

* Piripiri, Piauí, Brazil
* Piripiri, Manawatū-Whanganui, New Zealand
* Piripiri Caves and Piri Piri School, in Waitomo District, New Zealand

## Plants

* Acaena (Māori: piripiri), a plant genus of the Southern Hemisphere
* Cyperus giganteus, a plant of Latin America
* Piripiri pepper, or peri-peri, a Capiscum cultivar
# Pittsburgh Business Times

The Pittsburgh Business Times is a diversified business media company serving Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It publishes daily stories on its website and social networks, and a weekly edition available in print and online. It is published by the American City Business Journals.

## History

Published since August 31, 1981, the newspaper was founded by the Business Journal Publications Company which merged the paper with the rival Pittsburgh Business Journal, owned by Scripps-Howard, on March 21, 1985. They combined operations by April 1 of that year. In 1986, Business Journal Publications was acquired by American City Business Journals. The paper was sold in 1988. American City Business Journals reacquired the Business Times in 1996 with purchase of CityMedia Inc.
* Journalism portal
# Pirkko Hämäläinen (diplomat)

Pirkko Mirjami Hämäläinen (born September 26, 1961) is a diplomat. In 2023 she became the Finnish ambassador to Turkey.

## Life

Hämäläinen was born in Juankoski in 1961. She completed her master's degree in 1988 and the following year she joined the Finnish diplomatic service. She was in New York at the United Nations in 1989. She then served in Reykjavik, Vienna, Tallinn (Estonia 2005–2009). In 2012 she was in Riga as she became her country's Ambassador to Latvia. She was there until 2014 when she became an under secretary of state. She was involved in 2014 when parliament was asked to amend the legislation that dealt with Finnish embassies. At the time a Finnish embassy with an ambassador had to deliver a range of services. It was proposed that it be changed so that an embassy could consist of just one person. She served in that role looking after "internal and external services" until the end of 2018.
On the first day of 2019 she became the Finnish Ambassador to Austria and the Permanent Representative of Finland to the International Organizations in Vienna including the United Nations. She replaced Hannu Kyröläinen. Pirkko Hämäläinen was appointed by the Finnish President Sauli Niinistö as Ambassador to the Finnish Embassy in Ankara as of 1 September 2023.
# Pishmana

Pishmana is a neighborhood of Veliko Tarnovo, the old capital of Bulgaria. It is located in the southeastern part of the city. It consists of 3 zones - A, B and C. Pishmana or 'Buzluja(the official name)' is the biggest neighborhood in Veliko Tarnovo. It was built in 1973, during the migration from the country to the city in the 60s and 70s. The housing project's buildings are home to more than 33,000 inhabitants of Veliko Tarnovo. It is a home of mostly middle-low-class families however in recent years infrastructure improved. It has two schools and a kindergarten. There is a retirement house and all the popular supermarkets have outlets there. Population as of 2010 is 33,000. The word 'pishamana' comes from the Turkish word 'pishman' something you regret doing. According to a legend, one Ottoman commander-in-chief said "I became pishman for coming to this hill'. To 'become pishman' means you really regret something.
42°13′N 25°47′E﻿ / ﻿42.217°N 25.783°E﻿ / 42.217; 25.783
# C20H29NO

The molecular formula C$_{20}$H$_{29}$NO (molar mass: 299.45 g/mol, exact mass: 299.2249 u) may refer to:
* Gemazocine (R-15,497)
* Ibazocine
* 2-Propanoyl-3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-tropane
# CSMD2

CUB and sushi domain-containing protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CSMD2 gene.
# Piz Cavardiras

Piz Cavardiras (or Brichlig) is a 2,964 metres high mountain in the Glarus Alps, located on the border between the cantons of Uri and Graubünden. The Cavardiras hut, owned by the Swiss Alpine Club, lies near the pass of Cavardiras on the north side.
# Piz Canfinal

Piz Canfinal is a mountain of the Bernina Range (Alps), located on the border between Italy and Switzerland. It lies between the Val Malenco and the Val Poschiavo, north of the Corno Campascio.
# CYSJ

CYSJ may refer to:
* Canadian Young Scientist Journal
* Saint John Airport, ICAO code
# C8H16N2O4

The molecular formula C$_8$H$_{16}$N$_2$O$_4$ (molar mass: 204.224 g/mol) may refer to:
* N(6)-Carboxymethyllysine
* Pentabamate
# Orland Township

Orland Township may refer to:
* Orland Township, Cook County, Illinois
* Orland Township, Lake County, South Dakota, in Lake County, South Dakota
# Mycenae, New York

Mycenae is a hamlet in the Town of Manlius, New York, within Onondaga County, United States. It lies at the meeting point of New York Route 5 and Route 290. Mycenae is located at 43° 02' 56" North, 75° 55' 50" West. Presumably the hamlet was named after the ancient Greek city of Mycenae.

## History

Historically the hamlet was sometimes known as Hartsville; it is however not to be confused with the Hartsville in Steuben County.

## Community

The area is the site of some small farms, as well as the Aspinall Tree Nursery. Some local homes are large, while others are more modest. The Greek Revival style Mycenae Schoolhouse, built 1850, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
Local mail is handled at ZIP code 13066 in the nearby Village of Fayetteville.
New York State Route 5 passes through the hamlet.
# Shannon Brown (disambiguation)

Shannon Brown may refer to:
* Shannon Brown (born 1985), American former basketball player
* Shannon Brown (singer) (born 1973), American country music artist
* Shannon Brown (New Zealand musician), bass player and vocalist for the New Zealand band 48May
# Patricia Hooker

Patricia Hooker (17 February 1933 – 2001) was an Australian writer who worked extensively in England. She wrote for TV, radio and the stage.
She wrote The Golden Road, the first play on British television that was both written by a woman and about a lesbian relationship. Hooker also wrote A Season in Hell the first Australian television drama to focus on a queer relationship.

## Biography

She grew up in the town of Port Lincoln in South Australia and trained as a stenographer. She began writing in her spare time and her work began appearing in amateur theatres. She worked as a secretary at the Stevedoring Commission in Sydney and also as a court reporter.
Hooker was working as a shorthand typist in a city office in 1959 when she wrote the story for The Little Woman at home in the evenings. She wrote it as a stage play and it was included in a night of one-act plays at the Genesian Theatre. To help it reach a wider audience, Patricia studied a book on TV technique and decided to revise the script as a TV play. The ABC produced it in 1961 by which time she was at the ABC as a script assistant.
She moved to London in 1964 and worked as a court reporter as well as writing for TV and radio.

## Select credits

* A Bird in a Gilded Cage (1957) – TV play
* The Little Woman (1961) – TV play
* Twilight of a Hero (1962) – radio play about King David's love for Absalom
* Poet's Corner (1962) - radio writer
* Concord of Sweet Sounds (1963) – TV play and adapted for radio
* George (1964) - lunch hour play from short story by Anthony West
* A Season in Hell (1964) – TV play – later adapted for radio
* Man of Blood (1964) - play
* The Winged Chariot (1967) - radio play about Socrates
* The Lotus Eaters (1968) – play
* Counterstrike (1969) – TV series
* A Fit and Proper Person (1970) - TV play
* Kate (1971–73) - TV series
* Last Seen Wearing (1972) - radio play
* Harriets Back in Town (1972–73) - TV series
* Harriet's Back in Town (1973) – TV series
* Armchair Theatre - "The Golden Road" (1973) - TV play
* Crown Court (1973) - TV series
* The Beauty of the World (1973) - radio play
* Simon Fenton's Story (1973) - TV play
* "Going to St Ives" (1973) - TV play
* Six Days of Justice (1973–75) – TV series
* The Carnforth Practice (1974) – TV series
* Rooms (1975) – TV series
* Angels (1976) – TV series - episode "Off Duty"
* The Gentle Touch (1980) – "Chance", "Rogue"
* Plays for Pleasure – "The Concubine" (1981) – Tv episode
* Survival (1989) - radio play
* Right Ho Jeeves (1989) - radio play
* Seven Against Reeves (1989) - radio play
# Varley, Western Australia

Varley is a small town located between Hyden and Lake King in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia.
The area surrounding the town was opened for agricultural purposes in the 1930s and by 1938 the local progress association began campaigning to have the townsite gazetted. The move was approved in 1938 and the townsite was gazetted on 22 November 1939. The town is named after the nearby Lake Varley and Varley Rock which were both named by the explorer Frank Hann in 1901. It is thought that Hann was honouring a public servant in the mines department, Gustavus Varley.
The main industry in town is wheat, barley and grain farming with the town being a Cooperative Bulk Handling receival site.
The town has a population of approximately 200 living in the town and district. The facilities in Varley include a comprehensive museum, recreation centre and golf course. Nearby attractions include the Rabbit Proof Fence and the abandoned gold mining town of Hatters Hill.

## Notable people

* Iain Eairdsidh MacAsgaill, (1898—1934), alias the Bàrd Bheàrnaraigh ("the Bard of Bernera"), Scottish-Australian immigrant from the Great Bernera, who lived and farmed near Lake Varley from 1925 to 1933. Best known for his locally composed poems and songs of homesickness, which are an important part of modern Scottish Gaelic literature.
# Sidebar (publishing)

In publishing, sidebar is a term for information placed adjacent to an article in a printed or Web publication, graphically separate but with contextual connection.
The term has long been used in newspaper and magazine page layout. It is often used as the title of legal groups' publications in the US as a pun on "the bar", a term for the legal profession: The Federal Bar Association, Montgomery Bar Association of Norristown Pennsylvania, and the Westmoreland Bar Association are 3 examples.
It is now common in Web design, where sidebars originated as advertising space and have evolved to contain information such as quick links to other parts of the site, or links to related materials on other sites. Online sidebars often include small bits of information such as quotes, polls, lists, pictures, site tools, etc.
# 2006–07 Rugby Pro D2 season

The 2006–07 Rugby Pro D2 is a French rugby union club competition. The season runs alongside the 2006-07 Top 14 competition, which is the highest club competition. At the end of the season, Auch were champions and thus automatically promoted to Top 14. They were eventually followed by Dax who beat La Rochelle in the final providing the second promotion place. Colomiers were relegated to Fédérale 1; Limoges finished in a relegation spot, but were reprieved when Gaillac were denied a professional license for the 2007–08 season due to serious financial problems. The 2006–07 season was also noted for Toulon's signing of top players such as Tana Umaga who played for them for a period during the season.

## Final table

    Key to colors   Champions automatically promoted to 2007-08 Top 14   Winner of playoffs between second- through fifth-place teams for the second promotion place   Remaining participants in promotion playoffs   Relegated to Fédérale 1: Gaillac due to financial issues, Colomiers as bottom finisher.
2006-07 Rugby Pro D2 Table :
| | Club | Total points | Bonus points | Match points | Games | Won | Drawn | Lost | Points for | Points against | Diff |
| 1 | Auch | 110 | 8 | 102 | 30 | 25 | 1 | 4 | 727 | 418 | +311 |
| 2 | Dax | 98 | 18 | 80 | 30 | 20 | 0 | 10 | 788 | 499 | +289 |
| 3 | La Rochelle | 93 | 9 | 84 | 30 | 20 | 2 | 8 | 633 | 477 | +150 |
| 4 | Toulon | 88 | 12 | 76 | 30 | 19 | 0 | 11 | 662 | 570 | +92 |
| 5 | Béziers | 83 | 9 | 74 | 30 | 18 | 1 | 11 | 692 | 549 | +143 |
| 6 | Lyon OU | 79 | 13 | 66 | 30 | 16 | 1 | 13 | 595 | 489 | +106 |
| 7 | Oyonnax | 70 | 6 | 64 | 30 | 15 | 2 | 13 | 499 | 580 | -81 |
| 8 | Pau | 68 | 16 | 52 | 30 | 13 | 0 | 17 | 617 | 625 | -8 |
| 9 | Mont-de-Marsan | 61 | 11 | 50 | 30 | 12 | 1 | 17 | 555 | 662 | -107 |
| 10 | Gaillac | 60 | 10 | 50 | 30 | 12 | 1 | 17 | 548 | 657 | -109 |
| 11 | Racing Métro | 58 | 14 | 44 | 30 | 11 | 0 | 19 | 594 | 656 | -62 |
| 12 | Bordeaux-Bègles | 58 | 10 | 48 | 30 | 12 | 0 | 18 | 480 | 583 | -103 |
| 13 | Tarbes | 56 | 8 | 48 | 30 | 12 | 0 | 18 | 510 | 675 | -165 |
| 14 | Grenoble | 55 | 11 | 44 | 30 | 10 | 2 | 18 | 506 | 600 | -94 |
| 15 | Limoges | 54 | 10 | 44 | 30 | 11 | 0 | 19 | 614 | 776 | -162 |
| 16 | Colomiers | 40 | 6 | 34 | 30 | 8 | 1 | 21 | 491 | 697 | -206 |

## Promotion playoffs
### Semifinals

* 19 May Dax 18–6 Béziers
* 19 May La Rochelle 21–17 Toulon

### Final

* 27 May Dax 22–16 La Rochelle at Stade Chaban-Delmas, Bordeaux
# Tipene

Tipene is a Māori masculine given name and surname. It is the Māori form of Stephen. It may refer to:

## Given name

* Tipene Friday (born 1990), New Zealand cricketer and basketball player
* Tipene O'Regan (born 1939), New Zealand academic and company director
* Logan Tipene Rogerson, New Zealand footballer
* Puti Tipene Watene (1910–1967), New Zealand rugby league player and politician
# Monopis ethelella

Monopis ethelella is a moth of the family Tineidae first described by Edward Newman in 1856. It is found in Australia and New Zealand.
# Placochilus

Placochilus is a genus of insects in the family Miridae, the plant bugs.

## Species

Species within this genus include:
* Placochilus paraseladonicus Qi and Nonnaizab, 1995
* Placochilus seladonicus (Fallén, 1807)
# Ornamental Dingbats

Ornamental Dingbats is a Unicode block containing ornamental leaves, punctuation, and ampersands, quilt squares, and checkerboard patterns. It is a subset of dingbat fonts Webdings, Wingdings, and Wingdings 2.
Ornamental Dingbats Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) :
| | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| U+1F65x | 🙐 | 🙑 | 🙒 | 🙓 | 🙔 | 🙕 | 🙖 | 🙗 | 🙘 | 🙙 | 🙚 | 🙛 | 🙜 | 🙝 | 🙞 | 🙟 |
| U+1F66x | 🙠 | 🙡 | 🙢 | 🙣 | 🙤 | 🙥 | 🙦 | 🙧 | 🙨 | 🙩 | 🙪 | 🙫 | 🙬 | 🙭 | 🙮 | 🙯 |
| U+1F67x | 🙰 | 🙱 | 🙲 | 🙳 | 🙴 | 🙵 | 🙶 | 🙷 | 🙸 | 🙹 | 🙺 | 🙻 | 🙼 | 🙽 | 🙾 | 🙿 |
| Notes 1.^ As of Unicode version 16.0 |||||||||||||||||

## History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Ornamental Dingbats block:
| Version | Final code points | Count | L2 ID | WG2 ID | Document |
| 7.0 | U+1F650..1F67F | 48 | L2/11-052R | | Suignard, Michel (2011-02-15), Wingdings and Webdings symbols - Preliminary study |
| 7.0 | U+1F650..1F67F | 48 | L2/11-149 | | Suignard, Michel (2011-05-09), Proposal to add Wingdings and Webdings symbols |
| 7.0 | U+1F650..1F67F | 48 | L2/11-196 | N4022 | Suignard, Michel (2011-05-21), Revised Wingdings proposal |
| 7.0 | U+1F650..1F67F | 48 | L2/11-247 | N4115 | Suignard, Michel (2011-06-08), Proposal to add Wingdings and Webdings Symbols |
| 7.0 | U+1F650..1F67F | 48 | L2/11-344 | N4143 | Suignard, Michel (2011-09-28), Updated proposal to add Wingdings and Webdings Symbols |
| 7.0 | U+1F650..1F67F | 48 | L2/11-417 | N4155 | Proposal to encode an additional sans-serif heavy double quote symbol in the UCS, 2011-10-17 |
| 7.0 | U+1F650..1F67F | 48 | | N4103 | "10.2.1 Wingdings/Webdings additions", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 58, 2012-01-03 |
| 7.0 | U+1F650..1F67F | 48 | L2/12-130 | N4239 | Suignard, Michel (2012-05-08), Disposition of comments on SC2 N 4201 (PDAM text for Amendment 1.2 to ISO/IEC 10646 3rd edition) |
| 7.0 | U+1F650..1F67F | 48 | | N4253 (pdf, doc) | "M59.01f", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 59, 2012-09-12 |
| 7.0 | U+1F650..1F67F | 48 | | N4363 | Suignard, Michel (2012-10-13), Status of encoding of Wingdings and Webdings Symbols |
| 7.0 | U+1F650..1F67F | 48 | L2/12-368 | N4384 | Suignard, Michel (2012-11-06), Status of encoding of Wingdings and Webdings Symbols |
| 7.0 | U+1F650..1F67F | 48 | L2/12-086 | N4223 | Requests regarding the Wingdings/Webdings characters in ISO/IEC 10646 PDAM 1.2, 2012-12-27 |
| ↑ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names ||||||
# Yuan Hua

Yuan Hua may refer to:
* Yuan Hua (judoka), Chinese judoka and Olympic champion
* Yuen Wah (Mandarin: Yuan Hua), Hong Kong actor
# Purification Through Violence

Purification through Violence is the debut studio album by American death metal band Dying Fetus, following Infatuation with Malevolence, a collection of early demos. It was released in 1996.
The band left Pulverizer Records shortly after the album's release.

## Release history

Purification Through Violence was reissued in January 2011 by Relapse. It included the bonus tracks "Beaten into Submission" (1997 rehearsal demo) and "Raped on the Altar" (live in Herbolzheim, Germany, 1998).

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Jason Netherton; all music is composed by John Gallagher except for track 8

## Personnel

* John Gallagher – guitars/vocals
* Jason Netherton – bass guitar/vocals
* Brian Latta – guitars
* Rob Belton – drums
# Shannon Brook

The Shannon Brook, a perennial stream of the Richmond River catchment, is located in Northern Rivers region in the state of New South Wales, Australia.

## Location and features

Formed by the confluence of the Theresa Creek and Deep Creek, Shannon Brook rises on the Richmond Range about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southwest of Mummulgum. The river flows generally northeast, east southeast and east, joined by two minor tributaries before reaching its confluence with the Richmond River near Tatham, about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) southeast of Casino. The river descends 91 metres (299 ft) over its 58 kilometres (36 mi) course.

## Etymology

The river is believed to be named in honour of J. C. Shannon who came from the Clarence Valley and took up Stratheden for Dr. John Dobie in 1842. He camped by the creek, hence the name Shannon Brook. J. C. Shannon was known locally as Doc Shannon.