OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Royal Gold Tournament

The Royal Gold Tournament was a golf tournament on the British PGA circuit contested in 1962. It was played in a 12-man round-robin format at the Murcar Links Golf Club, Bridge of Don, Aberdeen, Scotland. Ralph Moffitt won the event with 18 points, 3 ahead of the rest of the field. It was the second round-robin event of the season, following the Esso Golden Tournament.
The competitors played each of the other 11 in an 18-hole stroke play contest. Matches were played as either four-balls or three-balls, so that 5 rounds of golf were contested, one in which they played three opponents and four in which they played two opponents.
Ralph Moffitt won 9 of the 11 matches, giving him 18 points, 3 ahead of the rest. He had scored 16 points before the final afternoon round, 5 ahead of anyone else, giving him a guaranteed victory at that point since only 4 points were available in the final round. Bernard Hunt had the best aggregate score over the 5 rounds with a total of 351, one better than Ralph Moffitt, winning him an extra £25.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Country | Score | Margin of victory | Runners-up | Winner's share (£) | Ref |
| 1962 | Ralph Moffitt | England | 18 | 3 points | Bob Charles Bernard Hunt Kel Nagle | 750 | |
# RpYN06

Bat coronavirus RpYN06 is a SARS-like betacoronavirus that infects the horseshoe bat Rhinolophus pusillus. It is a close relative of SARS-CoV-2 with a 94.48% sequence identity.

## Phylogenetics

A phylogenetic tree based on whole-genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 and related coronaviruses is:
# Rožanj, Sapna

Rožanj is a village in the municipality of Sapna, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 22.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 16 | 72.7% |
| Serbs | 6 | 27.3% |
| Total | 22 | 100% |
# Rožanstvo

Rožanstvo is a village in the municipality of Čajetina, western Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 387 people.
# Rudki, Kielce County

Rudki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowa Słupia, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north of Nowa Słupia and 34 km (21 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.
# Rudolf Wendelmuth

Leutnant Rudolf Wendelmuth was a World War I German flying ace credited with 14 aerial victories.

## Early life

Rudolf Wendelmuth was born on 28 July 1890 in Gotha, Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, the German Empire.

## World War I service
### In the Levant

At break of war, Wendelmuth was posted to the 233rd Reserve Infantry Regiment. He transferred to aviation on 1 March 1915, reporting to FEA 3 in his home town of Gotha for training. His first assignment was to Bulgaria in September. In July 1916, he returned to Cologne to Fokker Commando. He was then posted to FA 8 in Sevdi Koy, Turkey as an acting oberleutnant. While with this unit, he scored his first victory, downing a Royal Naval Air Service Farman off the Turkish coast on 5 November 1916.

### On the Western Front

During Bloody April 1917, Wendelmuth returned to the Western Front. He was assigned to Jagdstaffel 8. Between 29 July and 14 October 1917, he accumulated another ten victories; during this span, on 25 September, his plane was shot down but he escaped unharmed.

### In command

On 19 October, he was appointed to command Royal Prussian Jagdstaffel 20. He scored three more wins in October and November 1917. On 30 November, Wendelmuth died in a midair collision that also killed Wilhelm Schulz of Jagdstaffel 4.

## Sources of information

* 1 2 3 4 Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps 1914 – 1918. p. 228.
* 1 2 The Aerodrome website http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/germany/wendelmuth.php Retrieved on 12 April 2010.
# Rudolphe Cabanel

Rudolphe Cabanel (also Rudolph) (1763–1839) was a German architect, engineer and machinist, known for his work on British theatres.

## Life

Cabanel was born at Aachen in 1762. He came to England early in life, and settled in London. He died in Mount Gardens, Lambeth, on 5 February 1839.

## Works

Cabanel was employed in construction of several theatres. He designed the stage arrangements of the old Drury Lane Theatre for the reconstruction of the 1790s; in 1811, after the theatre was destroyed in a fire, the designs of Benjamin Dean Wyatt were preferred. He worked on the Royal Circus (later named the Surrey Theatre), 1805 (burnt down 30–1 January 1868), and the Royal Cobourg Theatre, 1818. At Sadler's Wells Theatre he reconstructed the auditorium, from 1802, following a model by Richard Hughes.
He was the inventor of the "Cabanel roof", and a number of theatrical machines.

## Family

Harriot Cabanel, a dancer at the Royal Circus and Rudolphe's sister, married the actor Jack Helme.
# Rudolph von Langen

Rudolph von Langen (1438 or 1439 – December 1519) was a German Catholic divine, who helped introduce Humanistic ideas to the town of Munster, Westphalia. He was born in the village of Everswinkel, near Munster, to an aristocratic family.
There is dispute as to his education. According to Hermann Hamelmann, he received his schooling at Deventer, in the school of Thomas a Kempis, together with Rodolphus Agricola, Alexander Hegius, Anton Liber of Soest, Count Maurice von Spielenberg, and Ludwig Dringenberg. However, the Catholic Encyclopedia disputes this. In 1456 he entered the University of Erfurt, and received the degree of B.A. in 1459, and M.A. in 1460. But before this he was made Canon of the cathedral of Munster, and provost of the old cathedral in 1462. He went to Rome in 1466 in connection with the election of a bishop. At Munster he was the centre of literary life, as well as of humanistic efforts. He was surrounded by a group of men of similar tastes. He possessed a good classical library, which he placed at the disposal of others. Hermann von dem Busche, later to become a prominent humanist, was one of his pupils, to whom he imparted a love of classical literature. In 1500, he reformed the cathedral school of Munster into a humanistic institution, patterned after the one at Deventer. The course of instruction was changed, and other masters were called. The school was also indebted to the subrector, Johannes Murmellius, a leading Dutch humanist, and its flourishing condition and widespread influence, which reached to Schleswig and Pomerania, drew numerous scholars. He died in Munster. The inscription on Langen's tomb there lauds him as the patron of scholars and the friend of the poor.

## Published works

Langen wrote a poem about the destruction of Jerusalem, which has not been preserved; also a prose work, which was published in Deventer about 1485. In 1486 the first printing office at Munster, belonging to Johann Limberg, printed his poems. In 1493 he published the Rosarium beatissimae virginis gloriosissimaeque dei matris Mariae; about 1494 an epitaph on Albertus Magnus; and the Horae de sancta cruce in 1496. His poetry was not particularly successful.
# Royal Commission on London Squares

The Royal Commission on London Squares, also known as the Londonderry Commission, was a royal commission created in 1927 regarding the urban open spaces of London, England. Its report in 1928 led to the enactment of the London Squares Preservation Act 1931 (21 & 22 Geo. 5. c. xciii).
The terms of reference of the commission were:
   "To inquire and report on the squares and similar open spaces existing in the area of the administrative county of London with special reference to the conditions on which they are held and used and the desirability of their preservation as open spaces and to recommend whether any or all of them should be permanently safeguarded against any use detrimental to their character as open spaces, and, if so, by what means and on what terms and conditions."
The commission was chaired by Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, the Marquess of Londonderry.
# Rugby union in Syria

Rugby union in Syria is a minor but growing sport. Rugby was first introduced to the country by French and British forces, as well as by Syrian expatriates returning from the diaspora.

## History

Rugby was played in Syria under a French mandate when it was brought to the country by Allied troops after the 1941 invasion.
Touch rugby was played in Damascus since 1982.
Rugby union was introduced to Syria by the French and the British in 2004, started to grow by inviting the Syrians to play and join the team to participate in region tournaments in the Middle East.
The Syrian High Rugby Committee was formed by the Syrian Sports Council in March 2012 and as the President of the Syrian Committee was appointed Ahmad Madani, although rugby has been played in the country for a longer period of time. Syrian Rugby became a member of Asia Rugby in May 2015. The SHRC was accepted as associated member of World Rugby in November 2022.

## Competitions

The Syrian Rugby League Championship has been run by the General Sports Federation since 2012.
As of 2021, the league comprised five teams: Zenobians (formed in 2004), IUST Palmerians (2015), AIU Alphas (2015), Victory (2012), and Titans.
# Rubrobacter marinus

Rubrobacter marinus is a Gram-positive bacterium from the genus of Rubrobacter which has been isolated from deep-sea sediments from the South China Sea.
# Rulan Yeh

Rulan Yeh (born September 4, 1984) is an American badminton player who competes in international level events. She is a two-time bronze medalist at the Pan Am Badminton Championships. She is the twin sister of Rulien Yeh who is her doubles partner.
# Runyan v. State

Runyan v. State, 57 Ind. 80 (1877), was an Indiana court case that argued natural law and a distinct American Mind to reject a duty to retreat when claiming self-defense in a homicide case.

## Background

On election night for the 1876 presidential race, John Runyan was harassed for being a Democrat by Charles Presnall when they were both in New Castle, Indiana. Runyan shot and killed him with his revolver even though he could have retreated.

## Decision

The court implied it was un-American,$^{:551–2}$ writing of a referring to the distinct American mind, "the tendency of the American mind seems to be very strongly against" a duty to retreat. The court went further in saying that no statutory law could require a duty to retreat, because the right to stand one's ground is "founded on the law of nature; and is not, nor can it be, superseded by any law of society."
# Ruth Fielding

The Ruth Fielding books were an early Stratemeyer Syndicate series, published between 1913 and 1934 under the pseudonym Alice B. Emerson. Ruth Fielding begins the series as an orphan who comes to live with her miserly uncle and, in later titles, goes from boarding school to college and on into adulthood. Unusually for a main character in a Stratemeyer Syndicate series, Ruth Fielding marries.

## Ghostwriters

Edward Stratemeyer created the series and wrote plot outlines, but the books themselves were written by a number of ghostwriters. Three authors wrote the series under the pseudonym of Alice B. Emerson: W. Bert Foster wrote titles 1 through 19; Elizabeth M. Duffield Ward wrote titles 20 through 22; and Mildred A. Wirt Benson wrote titles 23 through 30.

## Titles

* Ruth Fielding of the Red Mill; Or, Jasper Parloe's Secret, 1913
* Ruth Fielding at Briarwood Hall; Or, Solving the Campus Mystery, 1913
* Ruth Fielding at Snow Camp; Or, Lost in the Backwoods, 1913
* Ruth Fielding at Lighthouse Point; Or, Nita, the Girl Castaway, 1913
* Ruth Fielding at Silver Ranch; Or, Schoolgirls Among the Cowboys, 1913
* Ruth Fielding on Cliff Island; Or, The Old Hunter's Treasure Box, 1915
* Ruth Fielding at Sunrise Farm; Or, What Became of the Baby Orphans, 1915
* Ruth Fielding and the Gypsies; Or, The Missing Pearl Necklace, 1915
* Ruth Fielding in Moving Pictures; Or, Helping the Dormitory Fund, 1916
* Ruth Fielding Down in Dixie; Or, Great Times in the Land of Cotton, 1916
* Ruth Fielding at College; Or, The Missing Examination Papers, 1917
* Ruth Fielding in the Saddle; Or, College Girls in the Land of Gold, 1917
* Ruth Fielding in the Red Cross; Or, Doing Her Best for, Uncle Sam, 1918
* Ruth Fielding at the War Front; Or, The Hunt for, The Lost Soldier, 1918
* Ruth Fielding Homeward Bound; Or, A Red Cross Worker's Ocean Perils, 1919
* Ruth Fielding Down East; Or, The Hermit of Beach Plum Point, 1920
* Ruth Fielding in the Great Northwest; Or, The Indian Girl Star of the Movies, 1921
* Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence; Or, The Queer Old Man of the Thousand Islands, 1922
* Ruth Fielding Treasure Hunting; Or, A Moving Picture That Became Real, 1923
* Ruth Fielding in the Far North; Or, The Lost Motion Picture Company, 1924
* Ruth Fielding at Golden Pass; Or, The Perils of an Artificial Avalanche, 1925
* Ruth Fielding in Alaska; Or, The Girl Miners of Snow Mountain, 1926
* Ruth Fielding and Her Great Scenario; Or, Striving for, the Motion Picture Prize, 1927
* Ruth Fielding at Cameron Hall; Or, A Mysterious Disappearance, 1928
* Ruth Fielding Clearing Her Name; Or, The Rivals of Hollywood, 1929
* Ruth Fielding in Talking Pictures; Or, The Prisoners of the Tower, 1930
* Ruth Fielding and Baby June 1931
* Ruth Fielding and Her Double, 1932
* Ruth Fielding and Her Greatest Triumph; Or, Saving Her Company from Disaster, 1933
* Ruth Fielding and Her Crowning Victory; Or, Winning Honors Abroad, 1934
# Ruta del Centro

Ruta del Centro is a professional staged cycling race held annually in Mexico. It has been part of the UCI America Tour in category 2.2 since 2013.

## Winners

| Year | Country | Rider |
| 2011 | Mexico | Luis Pulido |
| 2012 | Spain | Víctor García Estévez |
| 2013 | Spain | Víctor García Estévez |
| 2014 | Mexico | Bernardo Colex |
# Ruth Weyher

Ruth Weyher (28 May 1901 – 27 January 1983) was a German film actress of the silent era. She appeared in 60 films between 1920 and 1930. She starred in the 1926 film Secrets of a Soul, which was directed by Georg Wilhelm Pabst.

## Selected filmography

* A Dying Nation (1922)
* Warning Shadows (1923)
* Adam and Eve (1923)
* The Ancient Law (1923)
* The Fake Emir (1924)
* A Dangerous Game (1924)
* Comedy of the Heart (1924)
* Darling of the King (1924)
* Wood Love (1925)
* The Fire Dancer (1925)
* Reveille: The Great Awakening (1925)
* Chaste Susanne (1926)
* Secrets of a Soul (1926)
* The Flames Lie (1926)
* The Trumpets are Blowing (1926)
* Lives in Danger (1926)
* Marriage Announcement (1926)
* The Woman in the Cupboard (1927)
* The Impostor (1927)
* Klettermaxe (1927)
* Parisiennes (1928)
* Milak, the Greenland Hunter (1928)
* Father and Son (1929)
* What's Wrong with Nanette? (1929)
* Bobby, the Petrol Boy (1929)
# Rural Municipality of Spiritwood No. 496

The Rural Municipality of Spiritwood No. 496 (2016 population: 1,347) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 16 and SARM Division No. 6. Located in the north-central portion of the province, it is west of the City of Prince Albert.

## History

The RM of Spiritwood No. 496 incorporated as a rural municipality on December 9, 1929. It absorbed the RM of Shell Lake No. 495. The RM of Shell Lake No. 495 was originally named the RM of Shell River No. 495 prior to November 30, 1935.

## Geography

The RM of Spiritwood No. 496 is adjacent to the RMs of Big River No. 555 to the north, Medstead No. 497 to the west, Meeting Lake No. 466 to the south, and Canwood No. 494 (formerly Thompson No. 494) to the south.

### Communities and localities

The following urban municipalities are surrounded by the RM.

#### Towns

* Spiritwood

#### Villages

* Shell Lake

#### Resort villages

* Echo Bay
* Big Shell
The following unincorporated communities are within the RM.

#### Organized hamlets

* Spruce Bay

#### Localities

* Bapaume
* Capasin
* Leoville
* Mildred
* Norbury
* Penn
* Ranger
The RM also surrounds the Witchekan Lake First Nation Reserves and Pelican Lake First Nation Reserves (191, 191A, 191B, 191C).

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the RM of Spiritwood No. 496 had a population of 1,245 living in 528 of its 810 total private dwellings, a change of 1.8% from its 2016 population of 1,223. With a land area of 2,371.04 km$^2$ (915.46 sq mi), it had a population density of 0.5/km$^2$ (1.4/sq mi) in 2021.
In the 2016 Census of Population, the RM of Spiritwood No. 496 recorded a population of 1,347 living in 516 of its 786 total private dwellings, a -0.1% change from its 2011 population of 1,349. With a land area of 2,392.86 km$^2$ (923.89 sq mi), it had a population density of 0.6/km$^2$ (1.5/sq mi) in 2016.

## Government

The RM of Spiritwood No. 496 is governed by an elected municipal council and an appointed administrator that meets on the second Tuesday of every month. The reeve of the RM is Shirley Dauvin while its administrator is Colette Bussiere. The RM's office is located in Spiritwood.

## Transportation
### Rail

* Big River Branch C.N.R—serves Prince Albert, Shellbrook, Clonfert, Canwood, Polwarth, Mattes, Debden, Eldred, Dumble, Bodmin, Big River.

### Roads

* Highway 24—serves Spiritwood and Leoville
* Highway 3—intersects Highway 24 and serves Belbutte, Spiritwood and Shell Lake
* Highway 793—intersects Highway 24 and serves Big River
* Highway 696—intersects Highway 24 and serves Pelican Lake First Nation Indian Reserve 191B
* Highway 3—runs east west and intersects Highway 24 and serves Spiritwood and Mildred
* Highway 378—runs north south and intersects Highway 3 south of Spiritwood
# Ruđinci mine

The Ruđinci mine is one of the largest cobalt mines in Serbia. The mine is located in Ruđinci in Raška District. The mine has reserves amounting to 14 million tonnes of ore graded 0.05% cobalt.
# Rzepin train disaster

The Rzepin train disaster was an alleged railway disaster reported to have occurred near Rzepin, Poland, on 9 July 1952. According to some reports, about 160 Soviet soldiers died in the accident.
The incident was not confirmed by official Polish or Soviet sources, but was reported by Western press agencies. The day after the crash the West German Deutsche Presse-Agentur cited "unanimous reports" from "independent eye-witnesses". The following week the Associated Press in Berlin cited "well-authenticated reports reaching Allied officials" there, and the United Press Associations named the West Berlin Railway Workers Union as a source, along with "allied authorities".
The incident is said to have happened on the east side of the Oder river, between Boczow and Rzepin.

## Events

The train was a "Blue Express" travelling through Poland on the Frankfurt Oder to Brest-Litovsk leg of the Berlin to Moscow route. It was carrying Red Army troops on leave to Russia. It left the tracks and crashed into a lake.

## Cause

According to Allied sources as reported by the Associated Press, the accident was caused by an unnamed high-ranking officer (a general) loading his automobile on a flatcar in the middle of the train, against the advice of railway staff. The train consequently derailed on a curved section of track, and fell into a lake.
Robert A.D. Ford, a diplomat at the Canadian embassy in Moscow, travelled the line the following week and saw a heavy military and police presence at stations en route. He attributed this to the disaster being blamed on Polish guerrillas. This cause was also cited by the United Press agency, which stated "Allied officials" had received reports that anti-communist Polish Partisans had sabotaged the tracks.
The Blue Express train, which was used by Soviet officials, had previously featured in accusations by the Soviets of attempted anti-communist sabotage. From 20 July 1952, the CIA noted that the Blue Express was rerouted through Czechoslovakia, possibly due to sabotage activity in Poland.

## Memorial

In 2009, an initiative to erect a monument in honor of the victims was made, but due to the lack of confirmation of the authenticity of the accident, the initiative was not implemented.
# Ryan King

Ryan King may refer to:
* Ryan King (Canadian football)
* Ryan King (cricketer)
* Ryan King (rugby league)
# Rímur (disambiguation)

Rímur (singular Ríma) may refer to:
* Rímur, Icelandic epic poetry
* Rímur (album), the album by Sigur Rós and Steindór Andersen
* Rima, the DC comic book hero
* Rille, an extraterrestrial geological feature
* Rimur Elias, a village in Fars Province, Iran
* Rimur Sharif, a village in Fars Province, Iran
# SAFARI-1

SAFARI-1 is a 20 MW light water-cooled, beryllium reflected, pool-type research reactor, initially used for high level nuclear physics research programmes and was commissioned in 1965.
The reactor is owned and operated by South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (NECSA) at their facility in Pelindaba, South Africa.
The reactor is a tank in pool type reactor and is designed to run on enriched uranium. Currently the fuel in use is the remains of the decommissioned South African nuclear weapons.

## History

The reactor was built in cooperation with the Atoms for Peace program run by the US Dept Of Energy in the 1950s and '60s.
Planning started in 1960 and construction occurred between 1961 and 1965. In March 1965 the reactor was commissioned and initially operated at 6.75 MW, a limitation imposed by the capacity of the secondary cooling circuit. Output was increased to 20 MW in 1968 after the secondary cooling circuit was upgraded.
Initially the reactor was fueled with High Enriched uranium (HEU) supplied by the United States, but in 1975 exports of HEU from the USA to South Africa was suspended in protest of South Africa's nuclear weapons program and the construction of the Valindaba Y-plant. In order to conserve the available fuel supply, reactor output was reduced to 5 MW and operating hours were dramatically reduced
In 1979 the Valindaba Y-plant started producing 45% HEU and in 1981 the first fuel assemblies from Valindaba were made available to fuel SAFARI-1. Operating hours were increased, but power was kept at 5 MW until 1993 when it was increased to 10 MW and eventually 20 MW due to the commercialisation of NECSA operations.
The reactor was shut down for repairs in 1988 after a water leak was detected in the pool.
In 2005 it was announced that the reactor is to be converted from using High Enriched uranium to Low Enriched uranium as fuel.

## Use

One of Safari-1s primary uses is the production of radio isotopes for radiopharmacology use in nuclear medicine, specifically the production of molybdenum-99.
Radio isotopes are distributed through NTP Radioisotopes, a subsidiary company of NECSA
# SESN1

Sestrin 1, also known as p53-regulated protein PA26, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SESN1 gene. This gene encodes a member of the sestrin family. Sestrins are induced by the p53 tumor suppressor protein and play a role in the cellular response to DNA damage and oxidative stress. The encoded protein mediates p53 inhibition of cell growth by activating AMP-activated protein kinase, which results in the inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin protein. The encoded protein also plays a critical role in antioxidant defense by regenerating overoxidized peroxiredoxins, and the expression of this gene is a potential marker for exposure to radiation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene.
# SH6

SH6 may refer to:
* State Highway 6 (New Zealand)
* Texas State Highway 6
* Minnesota State Highway 6
# SH60

SH60 may stand for:
* Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk, an American-built ship-based helicopter
* Mitsubishi H-60, a Japanese version of the SH-60 helicopter
* List of highways numbered 60, for State Route 60 or State Road 60