OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Noordenveld, Norg

Noordenveld is a smock mill in Norg, Drenthe, the Netherlands. It was built in 1878 and is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 30785.

## History

Noordenveld was built in 1878 for Willem Stevens. The millwright was J Rietsma of Zeijerveld. In 1899, the mill came into the possession of Geert Stevens, brother of Willem. It passed to his nephew Jannes Stevens in 1930. He hired the mill out, firstly to Roelof Bosman, then Jente Venema, the Enting brothers and finally to a Co-operative Society. In 1946, four new sails were fitted by millwright Dijk of Leek. The mill had been reduced to working on two sails by this date. Photographs show that the mill was equipped with Patent sails at one time.
In 1962, the Nijhof family of Haren, Groningen bought the mill and restored it. The base was used a living accommodation until 1973 when a new house was built adjoining the mill. During this time the condition of the mill deteriorated and it was no longer in working order. The mill was restored in 1990 but by then nearby trees were robbing the mill of wind. They were cut down in 1998. In that year, the mill was sold to Jan Doorenbos. A new entrance was made to the mill so that visitors did not have to enter though the house. In 2002 the mill was equipped with two pairs of millstones, restoring it to its pre-1962 condition.

## Description

Noordenveld is what the Dutch describe as an "achtkante stellingmolen". It is a two-storey smock mill on a three-storey brick base. The stage is at second-floor level, 7.00 metres (23 ft 0 in) above ground level. The smock and cap are thatched. The mill is winded by a tailpole and winch. The four Common sails have a span of 19.20 metres (63 ft 0 in) are carried in a cast-iron windshaft, which was cast by Fabrikaat Muinck-Keizer of Martenshoek, Groningen in 1904. The windshaft was originally cast solid and had to be bored through to take Patent sails at a later date, this was probably the work of a millwright called Rolde. The windshaft also carries the brake wheel, which has 55 cogs. The brake wheel drives the wallower (30 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft the great spur wheel, which has 86 cogs, drives the 1.40 metres (4 ft 7 in) diameter Cullen millstones and the French Burr millstones via lantern pinion stone nuts which have 27 staves each.

## Millers

* Willem Stevens 1878-99
* Geert Stevens 1899-1930
* Roelof Bosman 1930-
* Jente Veenma
* Enting brothers
* Co-operative Society
Reference for above:-

## Public access

Noordenveld is open on Saturdays from 11:00 to 16:00, alternating with De Hoop, the other windmill in Norg.
# Nohsngithiang Falls

Nohsngithiang Falls (also known as the Seven Sisters Waterfalls or Mawsmai Falls) is a seven-segmented waterfall located 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) south of Mawsmai village in East Khasi Hills district in the Indian state of Meghalaya. The water falls from a height of 315 metres (1,033 ft) and has an average width of 70 metres (230 ft). making it one of the tallest waterfalls in India.
The falls plunges over the top of limestone cliffs of the Khasi Hills only during the rainy season. In full spate, the segments stretch most of the way along the cliff. The waterfalls get illuminated by the sun and the vibrant colors of the setting sun on the waterfalls makes it beautiful.
In the Sohra area, there are several waterfalls because of the heavy rainfall including Nohkalikai Falls and Dain Thlen Falls. The Jaintia Hills and the Garo Hills also have many waterfalls, notably the Tyrchi Falls en route to Jowai and the Pelga Falls near Tura.

## Gallery

* Mawsmai Cave
* Bangladesh Plains as seen from Seven Sisters Falls view point
* Seven Sisters Falls
* Bark like formation in Mawsmai Caves
* Stalactites in Mawsmai Caves
* Limestone formation in Mawsmai Caves
# Viburnum dentatum

Viburnum dentatum, southern arrowwood or arrowwood viburnum or roughish arrowwood, is a small shrub, native to the eastern United States and Canada from Maine south to northern Florida and eastern Texas.
Like most Viburnum, it has opposite, simple leaves and fruit in berry-like drupes. Foliage turns yellow to red in late fall. Localized variations of the species are common over its entire geographic range. Common differences include leaf size and shape and placement of pubescence on leaf undersides and petioles.
Some moth larvae feed on V. dentatum. Known such species include the unsated sallow (or arrowwood sallow; Metaxaglaea inulta) and Phyllonorycter viburnella. It is also consumed by the viburnum leaf beetle (Pyrrhalta viburni), an invasive species from Eurasia. The fruits are a food source for songbirds. Berries contain 41.3% fat.
The fruits appear blue. The major pigments are cyanidin 3-glucoside, cyanidin 3-sambubioside, and cyanidin 3-vicianoside, but the total mixture is very complex.
Native Americans used the young stems to make arrow shafts.

## Varieties

* Viburnum dentatum var. deamii (Rehder) Fernald
* Viburnum dentatum var. dentatum
* Viburnum dentatum var. lucidum Fernald – currently considered a separate species; Viburnum recognitum, the northern arrowwood, or smooth arrowwood
* Viburnum dentatum var. venosum (Britton) Gleason
# Victoria Orvañanos

Victoria Orvañanos (born October 31, 1981, Mexico City) is a Mexican screenwriter known for her work in Mexican television shows such as Dogma, En Tierras Salvajes, Las Amazonas, and Esperanza Del Corazón.

## Early life and education

Orvañanos was born on October 31, 1981, in Mexico City, Mexico, to Julio Orvañanos Alatorre, a publicist, and a British-Mexican mother, Victoria Archer Cuillery. Her father introduced her to film and TV production at an early age.
She studied at Colegio Regina, a Catholic school of nuns in Mexico City, and St. Mary's School in England. She then went to study screenwriting and film scoring at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). She then attended Columbia University.
Then, during her professional career as a screenwriter, she studied online Modern Masterpieces of World Literature at Harvard University.

## Career

Orvañanos began her career with Televisa, a leading Mexican television broadcasting company, where she worked from 2008 to 2018. During this time, she wrote several telenovelas that aired globally and collaborated with various producers including Luis De Llano and Salvador Mejía, to write Las Amazonas, Nueva Vida, Esperanza Del Corazón, and En Tierras Salvajes in collaboration with the Spanish television production company Bambú Productions (Velvet, Cable Girls).
During this time, Orvañanos also worked at Alazraki Entertainment with Gaz Alazraki and Moisés Chiver, where she met Leonardo Zimbrón (producer of Netflix's Club de Cuervos). The two worked alongside Mónica Vargas for Traziende Films to write Dogma, Mexico's first supernatural mystery TV series, which aired in November 2017 in Latin America for Televisa.
Currently, as of 2022, Orvañanos collaborates for Amazon Studios and is also developing three projects of her authorship with producers Alex Balassa and Marisol Mijares at Balassa Films that include a romantic period drama, a World War II thriller, and an epic Biblical drama. Before the pandemic, Orvañanos was producing the Broadway play The Elephant Man by Bernard Pomerance to stage in Mexico City, but production had to be shut down due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Orvañanos also runs a non-profit organization, Levantemos a México, which teaches art skills to children in street situations. The organization launched a photography exposition titled Black & White at the National Museum of Art in Mexico City (MUNAL).

## Personal life

Orvañanos is a trained soprano and plays the violin, guitar, bass, and piano. She currently lives in Mexico City, Los Angeles, and New York City. She is related to Julio Orvañanos Zuñiga (grandfather), a renowned Mexican publicist, and Raul Orvañanos (uncle), a former football player and currently a football commentator for Fox Studios.
# Nomo

Nomo may refer to:

## Places

* Nomo Peninsula, Japan

## People

* Hideo Nomo (born 1968), Japanese baseball pitcher
* Edouard Nomo-Ongolo, Cameroonian politician
* Bernard N'Nomo (born 1980), Cameroonian rugby union player
* Ulrich N'Nomo (born 1996), French footballer

## Other

* Nomo (band)
* NOMO1, protein in humans
* NoMo ("No-modern") as used in the postmodern culture jamming lexicon (See: Postinternet; Adbusters)
# Norman Howard Cliff

Norman Howard Cliff (1925–2007) was a British Protestant author who wrote about Christianity and the history of Protestant missions in China.

## Biography

Cliff was born in 1925 in Yantai (formerly, Chefoo) to Howard and Mary Cliff, both pharmacists who were working as missionaries with the China Inland Mission (CIM). As part of the Chefoo School, a boarding school of the CIM, Cliff was interned by the Japanese at the Weixian Internment Camp from 1943 until 1945, when the camp was freed by American paratroopers.
Cliff later went on to pursue a B.A. from the University of South Africa and a B.Com. from Rhodes University. He worked as a minister and an accountant for the United Reformed Church in South Africa, before returning to Britain due to poor health. Back in the UK, Cliff earned an MPhil at the Open University in 1983, writing a thesis on the theology of Watchman Nee, and a PhD at Buckingham University in 1995, writing a thesis on the history of Protestant missions in Shandong Province.

## Works authored

* Prisoners of the Samurai: Japanese Civilian Camps, 1941-1945
* Fierce the Conflict (2001)
* White Cliffs of Hangzhou
* Life and Theology of Watchman Nee : Including a Study of the Little Flock
* A Heart for China: The Gripping Story of Benjamin Broomhall
* A Flame of Sacred Love
* Courtyard of the Happy Way
# Nordstraße station

Nordstraße station is an underground station on the Düsseldorf Stadtbahn lines U78 and U79 in Düsseldorf. The station lies on Nordstraße in the district of Pempelfort.
The station was opened on October 3, 1981, and consists of one island platform with two rail tracks. Tram lines 701 and 705 stop on the surface near the station.
In 2003, a 50-year-old man drove his car into the entrance of the station on street level (without going all the way in) when he thought it was entrance to a car park. Likewise, in 2007, a 52-year-old woman drove her car into the entrance staircase, also thinking it would lead to a car park.
# Vietnam at the 2009 SEA Games

Vietnam participated in the 2009 Southeast Asian Games in the city of Vientiane, Laos from 9 December 2009 to 18 December 2009. They won 83 gold, 75 silver, and 57 bronze medals. They came second overall in Nation Ranking.
# Norman Rydge

Sir Norman Bede Rydge CBE (18 October 1900 – 14 May 1980) was an Australian businessman.

## Biography

Rydge was born in Sydney to blacksmith William Henry Rydge and Margaret, née McSweeney. He attended Woollahra Superior Public School and Fort Street Boys' High School before becoming a clerk in the Master of Lunacy's Office in February 1916. In 1918 he left the public service and became an accountant, publishing a book in 1921 on federal income tax and another on the Sydney stock exchange. He had become associate of the Commonwealth Institute of Accountants by 1924.
He married Alys Noad, a musician, on 3 July 1926 at Ashfield; that year he also served as mayor of Canterbury. He also became involved in the hotel business, running the Carlton Hotel on Castlereagh Street from 1925 and becoming chairman of Usher's Metropolitan Hotel Ltd, the Pacific Hotel and Mockbell's Ltd. In 1936 he became managing director of Menzies Hotel in Melbourne and also directed Waldas Shoes Ltd.
In 1928 he established Rydge's Business Journal. He became a significant stock market figure through his company Carlton Investments Ltd. After 1936 he entered the cinema business, becoming managing director of Greater J. D. Williams Amusement Co. Ltd. and Greater Union Theatres Ltd., returning them to profit and establishing Greater Union as an international brand. He began to sell his hotel interests in the mid-1940s to focus on cinema; he was later commissioner of the Rural Bank of New South Wales (1961–75).
He divorced his wife in October 1939 and married Vincent Lillian Colefax, a nurse, on 28 December 1939 at Paddington. In September 1949 she and her five-year-old son died, and the following month the coroner found that she had killed her son and committed suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning. Rydge married Phoebe Caroline McEwing, a secretary, on 13 November 1950 at Marrickville.
A United Australia Party member, Rydge ran for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Parramatta against sitting UAP member Sir Frederick Stewart in 1940, without success. He later joined the Liberal Party, but he maintained contacts on the Labor side of politics. He received government appointments from both Robert Askin's Liberal administration and Neville Wran's Labor one.
He was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1955 and knighted in 1966. From 1969 he was president of the Museum of Applied Arts and Sciences' trustees, and served as a life governor for the Australian Institute of Management, the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, and the Alfred and Royal Children's hospitals in Melbourne.
Sir Norman Rydge died in 1980, aged 79, and was cremated.
# Vijay Padmanabhan

Vijay Padmanabhan is a law Professor at Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law at Yeshiva University, who was formerly a senior lawyer for the United States Department of State.
Padmanabhan's duties at the State Department included negotiating for other countries to seek homes for former Guantanamo captives. After leaving government service Padmanabhan called the Guantanamo military commissions "an abject failure".
# Vijay Patel (businessman)

Vijay Patel OBE (born around 1950) is an Indian-English businessman. In the 2019 New Year Honours, Patel was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire. The award drew criticism due to his company Atnahs increasing the prices of certain generic medications, resulting in considerable extra costs, totalling more than 16 million pounds, being incurred by the NHS in 2017.
He was born in Kenya and as of 2016 lives in Essex, England. He and his brother Bhikhu Patel started the pharmaceutical company Waymade Plc. The company Atnahs was started in 2013. Together with his brother in 2016 he was estimated to be worth 675 million pounds.
The Competition and Markets Authority found that Waymade and Auden Mckenzie had entered into anti competitive agreements in relation to the supply of hydrocortisone to the NHS. Auden Mckenzie paid Waymade to stay out of the market between 2011 and 2015 while it increased the price from around £46 to £90 for a pack of 30 20 mg tablets.
# North Branch, Newfoundland and Labrador

North Branch is a small farming community located on the West coast of the island of Newfoundland in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The name takes its name from its close proximity of the Codroy River near the banks of the north branch of that river.
# Viken, Sweden

Viken is situated in Höganäs Municipality in Skåne County, Sweden with 4,227 inhabitants in 2010. It has a surface area of 224 hectares. 223 of these are in the Höganäs municipality.
Well known for its harbour, the village has a long history of seafaring and fishing. It is also known for the distinctive, mostly yellow, seaside cabins lining its vast public beach.
Viken is known to have been the home of billionaire Carl-Eric Björkegren, who disappeared without a trace in 1994. Theories vary in terms of what happened. In 2005, he was declared dead by the Stockholm District Court.
Rune Andréasson, the creator of the Swedish comic character Bamse, lived and died in Viken.

## Etymology

Viken is the definite form (the noun + the definite suffix -en) of the Old Norse word vík meaning an inlet or creek (UK).

## Notable people from Viken

* Rune Andréasson - Comic Artist
* Tove Lo - Singer
# Vidrine

Vidrine is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arthur Vidrine (1896–1955), American physician
* Clyde Vidrine (1938–1986), American bodyguard
# Vincenzo Galasso

Vincenzo Galasso is Professor of economics at Bocconi University focusing on political economics, political economy,

## Early life, education, and professional experience

Born in Naples, Galasso read for a Bachelors in economics from Bocconi. He then proceeded to earn a PhD in Economics from UCLA.
Galasso has taught economics at Universidad Carlos III in 1996; at Bocconi since 2002 where he was an associate professor of economics. He briefly assumed professorship at Università della Svizzera Italiana from September 2011 to 2013.
He is the Director of the Analysis in Pension Economics (APE) research unit of Baffi-CAREFIN. He is a co-Editor of the European Journal of Political Economy and an Editor of the Journal of Pension Economics and Finance.

## Academic contributions

Galasso has studied the political economy of structural reforms, the political economy of the US Social Security reform.
# Vincenzo Gamba

Vincenzo or Vincenzio Gamba (1606–1649), later Vincenzo Galilei (1619), was the illegitimate son of Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) and his mistress Marina Gamba (1570–1612). Vincenzo was legitimated to his father in 1619. Like his grandfather Vincenzo Galilei, the younger Vincenzo became a lutenist.

## Life

Vincenzio was born in Padua like his two sisters: Virginia (1600–1634) (later Sister Maria Celeste) and Livia (1601–1659) (later Sister Arcangela).
He was named after his grandfather. In 1619, after his mother's death in 1612, his birth was legitimized by the Grand Duke of Tuscany. As a consequence, the names of the older and younger Vincenzo Galilei became identical, sometimes leading to confusion in biographies.
Vincenzo was particularly gifted in poetry, music, and mechanics. His father encouraged him to study law in Pisa, entrusting him to Benedetto Castelli (1577/1578–1643).
In 1629, he married Sestilia Bocchineri (c. 1610–1669). After his marriage, he quarreled with his father over money. Their relationship later improved and Vincenzo lovingly assisted his father in the last, difficult years of Galileo's life, and helped Galileo build his newly invented escapement.
Galileo's student and biographer, Vincenzo Viviani (1622–1703) mentions Vincenzo Galilei's skill as inventor of musical instruments and in particular his construction of a "lute made with such art that, playing it so excellently, he extracted continuous and goliardic voices from the cords as if they were issuing from an organ's pipes...".
# Villaverla

Villaverla is a town in the province of Vicenza, Veneto, Italy. It is west of SP349 and south of A31.

## Origins

From Roman times, the original name of the nearby village that eventually became Villaverla was "Roveredum." The center of that first village was likely located in the area where April 25 Road and Roare Road intersect, suggested by archaeological finds at an old brickyard nearby (Roman coins and traces of arched brick walls of Roman origin.)
Around 1004 AD, Giovanni Verla (Giovanni of Werla) and perhaps other of his family members, came from the area of Werlaburgdorf Germany with Holy Roman Emperor Henry II in a military campaign to put down a revolt by Arduin, Marquis of Ivrea. Giovanni and his relatives (originally referred to as the Werlas, later as Verlas or Verlatti, and today Verlato) were subsequently granted land by the Emperor in the towns of Thiene, Zane and what was then Roveredum.
The name "Villaverla" literally means "Village of the Verla." This was a reflection of both the influence that the Verlato family had at the time and the manner in which the family was referred to (i.e. Verla or Verlatti) during the time the modern town's name was being adopted. The name Villaverla began to be adopted around the end of the 13th century and was well established by around 1663 when Pagliarino wrote his history of the area.
A villa/palazzo for the Verlato family (Today known as the "Villa Verlato") was completed in Villaverla around 1574, and was designed by renowned architect Vicenzo Scamozzi This most likely influenced both the future physical development of the town as well as the adoption of the name Villaverla in the place of Roveredum. The Villa Verlato has survived the centuries and is located today in the center of the town at 9 Piazza del Popolo.

## Twin towns

Villaverla is twinned with:
* Tuglie, Italy, since 2006

## People

* Elia Dalla Costa, cardinal

## Website

http://www.comune.villaverla.vi.it/web/villaverla/

## Sources

* ↑ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
* ↑ All demographics and other statistics from the Italian statistical institute (Istat)
* ↑ B.Pagliarino, “Chronicles of Vicenza”, Vicenza 1663
* ↑ "Vicenzo Scamozzi, villa Verlato (1574)".
* (Google Maps)
* This article on a location in Veneto is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Smicripidae

Smicripidae is a family of beetles, in the superfamily Cucujoidea. The common name for this family is palmetto beetles. The family only has one extant genus, Smicrips, with six extant species native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas and extinct species from the Eocene of Europe and one extinct genus, Mesosmicrips, known from the mid Cretaceous (earliest Cenomanian) aged Burmese amber. Smicrips larvae are usually found amongst decaying vegetation, while adults are typically found on inflorescences (flower clusters), especially those of Arecaceae (palms), although associations with flowers of Fabaceae (legumes), Passifloraceae, Bombacaceae and Cactaceae (cactus) have also been recorded. Their diet is unknown.
# U of T

U of T may refer to:

## United States

* University of Tampa
* University of Tennessee
* University of Texas
* University of Toledo
* University of Tulsa
# Rhodanassa

Rhodanassa io is a moth of the family Depressariidae and the only species in the genus Rhodanassa. It is found in French Guiana.
The wingspan is about 37 mm (1.5 in). The forewings are glossy lilac-purple, the apical area beyond an undefined line from two-thirds of the costa to the tornus purplish-brown, the costa suffused with darker brown throughout. There is a grey-whitish quadrangular spot in the disc before the middle, a small oval black spot centred with brown-whitish and ringed with grey-whitish on the fold somewhat beyond this, and a rather large quadrangular black spot edged with grey-whitish and including a fine whitish line parallel to its posterior edge in the disc beyond the middle. There is a hardly perceptible faintly darker sinuate line from four-fifths of the costa to the tornus. The hindwings are bright deep rose. The forewings beneath have an elongate discal patch of light brassy-ochreous modified scales, extending over the upper part of the cell and above its margin from before the middle to the end, occupying about one-fourth of the width of the wing.