OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Patched conic approximation

In astrodynamics, the patched conic approximation or patched two-body approximation is a method to simplify trajectory calculations for spacecraft in a multiple-body environment.

## Method

The simplification is achieved by dividing space into various parts by assigning each of the n bodies (e.g. the Sun, planets, moons) its own sphere of influence. When the spacecraft is within the sphere of influence of a smaller body, only the gravitational force between the spacecraft and that smaller body is considered, otherwise the gravitational force between the spacecraft and the larger body is used. This reduces a complicated n-body problem to multiple two-body problems, for which the solutions are the well-known conic sections of the Kepler orbits.
Although this method gives a good approximation of trajectories for interplanetary spacecraft missions, there are missions for which this approximation does not provide sufficiently accurate results. Notably, it does not model Lagrangian points.

## Example

On an Earth-to-Mars transfer, a hyperbolic trajectory is required to escape from Earth's gravity well, then an elliptic or hyperbolic trajectory in the Sun's sphere of influence is required to transfer from Earth's sphere of influence to that of Mars, etc. By patching these conic sections together—matching the position and velocity vectors between segments—the appropriate mission trajectory can be found.
# Pat O'Donahue

James Patrick Michael O'Donahue (October 7, 1930 – July 18, 2017) was an American football defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the San Francisco 49ers (1952) and the Green Bay Packers (1955). He played at the collegiate level with the University of Wisconsin.

## Biography

O'Donahue was born James Patrick Michael O'Donahue on October 7, 1930, in Eau Claire, Wisconsin. He died in a nursing home near Madison, Wisconsin on July 18, 2017.
# Pat O'Hara (rugby union)

Pat O'Hara is a retired Irish rugby union wing-forward. Born in Hornchurch, Essex, on 4 August 1961, he played for Sundays Well, Cork Constitution Munster and Ireland, winning 15 caps between 1988 and 1994.
O'Hara won his first international rugby cap coming on late in the game against Western Samoa as a substitute for Ulster flanker Philip Mathews. His last was played against the US Eagles in 1994. He was known for his hard tackling and rugged style of play and was one of very few internationals of his time that came from a non-rugby playing school. He went to Bishop Ward secondary school in Dagenham where he excelled as a cross-country runner.
O'Hara moved to Ireland in 1973 and finished his schooling at Ashton Comprehensive School in Blackrock. His early years were spent with the Sundays Well rugby club where he joined the youth section as a 12-year-old. He started his rugby career as a tight head prop before moving to the open side of the scrum the following year. He was playing senior rugby with the club as a 17-year-old and won his first senior cap for Munster against Connacht in 1983 at 22. He played on many winning Munster sides but never managed to win an interprovincial medal. Some notable wins during his time with Munster included both Gloucester and Middlesex while they were current county champions and he also played against such touring sides as the All Blacks, Australia and Fiji. He played with such players as Donal Lenihan, Michael Bradley, Moss Keane, Ralph Keyes and Tony Ward, and was in the 1991 Irish world cup squad.
O'Hara had the distinction of winning the Irish rugby writers' "player of the year" award for the season 1989/1990 and won the Texaco rugby sportsperson of the year award for the same year.
He is now sales director of Architectural and Metal Systems based in Cork, a company that he helped establish in 1990.
# Bodil Malmsten

Bodil Malmsten (19 August 1944 – 5 February 2016) was a Swedish poet and novelist.
Malmsten was born in Bjärme, Östersund Municipality. Due to her parents' early separation, she grew up at her maternal grandparents and at foster care in Vällingby, Stockholm. Her paternal grandfather was designer and architect Carl Malmsten. She debuted as author in 1970 together with Peter Csihas (1945–2011) with their children's book Ludvig åker. Csihas and Malmsten had a relationship during the 1960s and 70s and have a daughter, Stefania, born 1967, who is designer and actor.
The English translation of her novel, Priset på vatten i Finistère (The Price of Water in Finistère, translated by Frank Perry), was selected as a Book of the Week on BBC Radio 4. In the novel, having decided to pack up and leave her country of birth, she recounts the story her settling into her new home in the Finistère département, in Brittany. It is told in a series of vignettes about gardening, learning the language, dealing with French bureaucracy, and struggling with writer's block.
She was awarded a doctorate honoris causa ad gradum (honorary degree) by the Faculty of Human Sciences at the Mid-Sweden University in Östersund in 2006.
Malmsten died of cancer at her home in Stockholm on 5 February 2016, aged 71.

## Published works

* Dvärgen Gustaf (1977) ISBN 91-0-041910-9
* Damen, det brinner! (1984) ISBN 91-0-046074-5
* Paddan & branden (1987) ISBN 91-0-047171-2
* B-ställningar (1987) ISBN 91-0-047423-1
* Svartvita bilder (1988) ISBN 91-7448-975-5
* Nåd & onåd Idioternas bok (1989) ISBN 91-0-047741-9
* Nefertiti i Berlin (1990) ISBN 91-0-047980-2
* Landet utan lov (1991) ISBN 91-0-055283-6
* Det är ingen ordning på mina papper (1991) ISBN 90-364-8761-7
* Inte med den eld jag har nu : dikt för annan dam (1993) ISBN 91-0-055573-8
* Den dagen kastanjerna slår ut är jag långt härifrån (1994) ISBN 91-0-055900-8
* Nästa som rör mig (1996) ISBN 91-0-056230-0 — The next one who touches me
* Undergångarens sånger (1998) ISBN 91-0-056660-8
* Priset på vatten i Finistère (2001) ISBN 91-0-057718-9 (published in English as The Price of Water in Finistère ISBN 1-84343-164-5)
* Det är fortfarande ingen ordning på mina papper (2003) ISBN 91-0-010147-8
* Kom och hälsa på mig om tusen år (2007) ISBN 978-91-86067-40-3
* Det här är hjärtat (2015) ISBN 9789174333336
* Loggböckerna 2005–2013 (2016) ISBN 9789177011552
# Boiga drapiezii

Boiga drapiezii, commonly known as Drapiez's cat snake and the white-spotted cat snake, is a species of long and slender rear-fanged snake in the family Colubridae. The species is native to Maritime Southeast Asia and is common throughout its range.

## Etymology

The epithet, drapiezii, is in honor of Belgian naturalist Auguste Drapiez.

## Description

There are two known phases of B. drapiezii. The green phase has a marbled green body with a more robust head and width. The brown phase is much more slender with orange brown triangle-like bands across the body. This species is in need of urgent review, with possibly subspecies awaiting discovery and subsequent description.

## Geographic range

B. drapiezii is found in Borneo, Indonesia, Peninsular Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, Vietnam.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of B. drapiezii is forest, at altitudes of 80–900 m (260–2,950 ft).

## Behavior

The white-spotted cat snake is nocturnal and arboreal. It can often be found moving about on the forest floor in search of prey and travel. It is found in tropical rainforest, sometimes on branches near streams.

## Diet

In the wild, the white-spotted cat snake preys upon frogs, geckos, and other small lizards, as well as insects, birds, and bird eggs.

## Reproduction

B. drapiezii is oviparous.
# Patkul

Patkul may refer to:
* Johann Patkul, Livonian politician and agitator of Baltic German extraction
* German exonym for Patkule, a village in Latvia
# Pat Bailey

Patrick Bailey (born January 18, 1956) is an American former college baseball coach. He served as the head coach of the NCAA Division III George Fox Bruins (1996–2007). He was then the interim coach of the Oregon State Beavers (2019), and its assistant coach the following year. In 2020 it was announced that Bailey would not be returning to the Beavers' coaching staff in 2021.

## Playing career

He played outfielder in college baseball at North Idaho College, a community college, from 1975 to 1976, before transferring to Idaho where he played baseball from 1977 to 1978.

## Coaching career

On September 6, 2018, Pat Casey announced his retirement from Oregon State, and Bailey was named the interim head coach. Bailey was replaced by Mitch Canham after going 36–20–1 in his interim season, but Bailey remained with the team as an assistant coach for the 2020 season. On July 31, 2020, it was announced that Bailey would not be returning to the Beavers' coaching staff in 2021.

## Head coaching record

Statistics overview :
| Season | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Postseason |
| George Fox Bruins (Northwest Conference) (1996–2007) ||||||
| 1996 | George Fox | 25–16 | | | |
| 1997 | George Fox | 29–14 | | 1st | NAIA Regional |
| 1998 | George Fox | 25–13 | | | NAIA Regional |
| 1999 | George Fox | 38–8 | | 1st | |
| 2000 | George Fox | 31–8 | 18–6 | 1st | |
| 2001 | George Fox | 31–10 | 15–9 | T-3rd | |
| 2002 | George Fox | 27–15 | 16–7 | 1st | |
| 2003 | George Fox | 31–13 | 18–5 | 1st | |
| 2004 | George Fox | 40–10 | 20–4 | T-1st | National Champion |
| 2005 | George Fox | 32–12 | 20–4 | T-1st | |
| 2006 | George Fox | 29–15 | | | |
| 2007 | George Fox | 30–11 | 19–5 | 2nd | |
| George Fox: | George Fox: | 362–145 (.714) | | | |
| Oregon State Beavers (Pac-12 Conference) (2019) ||||||
| 2019 | Oregon State | 36–20–1 | 21–8 | 3rd | NCAA Regional |
| Oregon State: | Oregon State: | 36–20–1 (.640) | 21–8 (.724) | | |
| Total: | Total: | 398–165–1 (.707) | | | |
| National champion   Postseason invitational champion   Conference regular season champion   Conference regular season and conference tournament champion  Division regular season champion  Division regular season and conference tournament champion  Conference tournament champion ||||||
# Patam

Patam is a village in Hsawlaw Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Burma.
# Patamacca

Patamacca is a resort in Suriname, located in the Marowijne District. Its population at the 2012 census was 427. Patamacca is a tribal area inhabited by Maroons
In 1773, attempts were made to conquer the Patamacca territory by the Society of Suriname, but did not yield results, and the area was left in the hands of the Maroons.
The main economic activity in the Patamacca area was the palm oil industry, During the 1960s Bruynzeel [nl] started a large-scale wood plantation in the resort. There is a large granite mine in the resort which is operated by Grassalco. Even though Patamacca did not bear much destruction during the Surinamese Interior War, the civil war did result in refugees, and stopped much of the industry. As of 2019, attempts have been made to restart the palm oil industry with Chinese aid.
The village of Ovia Olo is located in the resort.
# Bold Heath

Bold Heath is a hamlet and rural area in the civil parish of Bold in St Helens, Merseyside.
Historically part of Lancashire, Bold Heath lies on the A57 road at its junction with the A569.
Bold Heath is the former site of Bold Hall (no longer standing). The original pillars of the gate for the main entrance can still be seen on the grounds of Mersey Valley Golf Club.
# Patrick Hall (politician)

Patrick Hall (born 20 October 1951) is a British Labour Party politician who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Bedford from 1997 to 2010. He was re-selected by the Labour Party as their candidate in Bedford for the 2015 general election, but failed to be re-elected to Parliament.

## Early life

Patrick Hall was educated at the independent Bedford Modern School, the University of Birmingham and Oxford Polytechnic. He joined Bedford Borough Council in 1975 as a local government planning officer, becoming the borough's Town Centre Coordinator. Hall remained employed by the council until his election to Parliament.
He was elected as a councillor to the Bedfordshire County Council 1989–97 and was a member of the North Bedfordshire Community Health Council. He contested Bedfordshire North at the 1992 General Election, but was defeated by the veteran Conservative MP Trevor Skeet by 11,618 votes.

## Parliamentary career

Patrick Hall was elected to the House of Commons at the 1997 General Election for the new seat of Bedford with a majority of 8,300. He was re-elected at the 2001 and 2005 election. Hall was Bedford's third Labour MP and the first to hold the seat for more than one term.
He made his maiden speech on 30 July 1997, where he celebrated the history of Bedford and paid tribute to the town's diverse population. He also raised issues about the lack adequate and affordable housing supply, a cause which he would champion throughout his parliamentary career.
Hall made his reputation as being an attentive constituency-based MP. His work in Parliament reflected his experience in town planning, becoming the chair of the all-parliamentary group on town centre management. He was also a vocal campaigner on better transport links for Bedford, pushing for the Bedford by-pass and rail investment for the town's many commuters.
In 2003, Hall was one of 139 Labour MPs to rebel against the Government whip by voting in favour of an amendment which stated that there was no moral case for war in Iraq. In the end, Hall did not vote for the declaration of war, choosing not to vote on the motion.
In his final term in Parliament, Hall voiced his opposition to the Trident nuclear weapons programme, voting against its continuance.
During the expenses scandal, Hall remained one of the few MPs to be applauded for his integrity on claims. His expenses claims were among the lowest total claims of all MPs. He was described as one of the 'saints' by the Daily Telegraph, the newspaper which broke the expenses scandal story in 2009.
Hall lost his seat in the 2010 General Election to Conservative candidate Richard Fuller, who had also challenged him unsuccessfully in 2005. Fuller's slim majority of 1,353 made Bedford the Conservatives' twenty-fifth most marginal seat in Britain and a major target for Labour at the next general election.
On 30 June 2012, he was selected as Labour candidate for Bedford for the 2015 general election, but was defeated in the 2015 General Election.

## Personal life

Patrick is married to Claudia and has two step sons, Giovanni and Gabriele. He enjoys squash and gardening.
# Boletus hiratsukae

Boletus hiratsukae is a basidiomycete fungus of the genus Boletus found in Japan. Described by Japanese mycologist Eiji Nagasawa in 1994, it is named after Naohide Hiratsuka. It is characterized by a grey-purple then brown pileipellis and a reticulated stem near the hymenium. It is close to Boletus edulis.

## Description

B. hiratsukae is identified by a dark brown to sooty color of both the pileus and stipe, a "dry, pruinose-subvelutinous pileus without any rugosity throughout its development," and a "palisade trichodermium structure of pileipellis" where hyphae often form a bead-like structure with short, inflated terminal and sub-terminal cells.
The pileus is 5 to 13 cm in length and is occasionally depressed when old. The stem is purplish gray but turns distinctly dark gray to brown with age. The flesh is white, also when cut, with no distinct smell. The stipe is dark brown, reticulated with white veins towards the top of the stipe.

### Related species

Populations of Boletus variipes found east of the Rocky Mountains are sister species to B. hiratsukae, with B. variipes from Central America and southeastern North America sister to the combined lineage. Within the genus Boletus, B. hiratsukae resembles B. aereus and B. variipes Pk. var. fagicola.

## Habitat and distribution

B. hiratsukae is rarely solitary and has been known to reside near conifers.

## Ecology
### Mycorrhizal associations

B. hiratsukae may form mycorrhizal relationships with members of Pinaceae, particularly P. abies and P. pinus.

### Radioactive cesium activity

A study investigating the spatial distribution of radiocaesium in wild mushrooms and soil contaminated by the Fukushima accident concluded that the concentration of radiocaesium in B. hiratsukae did not rely on the distance between the mushrooms.
# Bolesław Mościcki

Bolesław Euzebiusz Mościcki (14 December 1877 – 18 February 1918) was a Colonel of both the Imperial Russian Army and Polish Army. Born in Wysokie Mazowieckie in the Łomża Governorate of Congress Poland, Moscicki served during World War I in the 1st Uhlan Regiment of the Pulawy Legion. He died on 18 February 1918 near Luninets.
In 1902, after graduation from Officer School of the Russian Army, Moscicki was sent to Manchuria, to serve in the Amur Cavalry. He fought in the Russo-Japanese War, and, while still a soldier of the Amur Cavalry, fought in World War I. In 1917 Moscicki was promoted to polkovnik, and on 19 July that year, at the village of Porohy near Nadworna, he was named commandant of 1st Uhlan Regiment, part of the so-called Pulawy Legion. Five days later, Moscicki fought in the Battle of Krechowce, in which his unit defeated Bavarians of the Imperial German Army. To commemorate this victory, 1st Uhlan Regiment came to be known as 1st Krechowce Uhlan Regiment.
In February 1918 Moscicki, dressed in mufti, tried to cross Russian - German frontline in the region of Polesie. He wanted to get in touch with the Regency Council, but the mission failed when he was captured and killed by Bolsheviks and armed peasantry near Luninets. Moscicki was buried in Minsk, and in 1921 his body was transported to Warsaw, where a second funeral took place at Holy Cross Church. He was posthumously awarded the Virtuti Militari by Naczelnik Jozef Pilsudski.
# Bohemond I (archbishop of Trier)

Bohemond of Warnesberg (died 9 December 1299) was the Archbishop of Trier (as Bohemond I) and a Prince Elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 1286 to his death.
He achieved high religious postings in both Trier and Metz before being selected to replace Henry of Finstingen as archbishop in the former. Chosen by Pope Nicholas IV, he did not receive his confirmation in Rome until 6 March 1289, after three years during which two of his competitors had died and the third, Gerard II of Eppstein had been received the mitre in Mainz.
He was a man of letters and a knight, concerned for both the spiritual and saecular health of his underlings. He had a high reputation with his fellow princes, but was unable to impose his will on those of his cathedral chapter who opposed him. When the pope appointed Peter von Aspelt and Johannes Gylet cathedral canons, Bohemond opposed them because they were not locals. Even a papal interdict did not cause him to relent.
When King Rudolf I of Germany desired to make his son Albert crowned in his lifetime to ensure his succession, Bohemond readily crowned him. On Rudolf's death in 1291, however, Siegfried of Cologne and the aforementioned Gerard of Mainz forced him to change his vote and elect Adolf of Nassau as king. After Adolf's coronation, Bohemond remained faithful to him and negotiated for him in Flanders between the English and the French. He prepared an army to fight against Albert, but on hearing the news of Adolf's death at the Battle of Göllheim, he transferred his allegiance to Albert. He received gifts of property from Philip IV of France, Edward I of England, and, most importantly, Albert himself, who gave him the castle of Cochem, originally pawned by Adolf to be a hereditary possession of the church of Trier. Bohemond died in Trier and was buried in the monastery of Himmerode, which he particularly loved.

## Sources

* Gesta Trevirorum
Bohemond of WarnesbergBorn: unknown Died: 9 December 1299 in Trier :
| Catholic Church titles |||
| Regnal titles |||
| Preceded byHenry of Finst(r)ingen (Fénétrange) | Archbishop- Elector of Trier as Bohemond I 1286–1299 | Succeeded byDiether of Nassau |
# Bobsleigh at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics – Girls' monobob

The girls' monobob competition at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics took place on 19 January at the St. Moritz-Celerina Olympic Bobrun.

## Results

The first run was held at 12:00 and the second run at 13:15.
| Rank | Start No. | Sled No. | Athlete | Country | Run 1 | Rank 1 | Run 2 | Rank 2 | Total | Behind |
| | 5 | 4 | Georgeta Popescu | Romania | 1:13.44 | 1 | 1:13.40 | 1 | 2:26.84 | |
| | 1 | 5 | Viktória Čerňanská | Slovakia | 1:13.83 | 3 | 1:13.52 | 2 | 2:27.35 | +0.51 |
| | 7 | 2 | Celine Harms | Germany | 1:13.68 | 2 | 1:13.68 | 3 | 2:27.36 | +0.52 |
| 4 | 8 | 1 | Maja Wagner | Germany | 1:13.87 | 4 | 1:13.80 | 4 | 2:27.67 | +0.83 |
| 5 | 2 | 11 | Camila Copain | France | 1:14.23 | 5 | 1:13.87 | 5 | 2:28.10 | +1.26 |
| 6 | 11 | 9 | Emily Kilburn | Switzerland | 1:14.66 | 6 | 1:14.14 | 6 | 2:28.80 | +1.96 |
| 7 | 17 | 16 | Loreta Beķerniece | Latvia | 1:14.95 | 8 | 1:14.65 | 8 | 2:29.60 | +2.76 |
| 8 | 16 | 17 | Simone Zanghellini | Liechtenstein | 1:15.00 | 9 | 1:14.64 | 7 | 2:29.64 | +2.80 |
| 9 | 6 | 13 | Joo Hyeong-won | South Korea | 1:15.25 | 12 | 1:14.73 | 9 | 2:29.98 | +3.14 |
| 10 | 12 | 8 | Emma Sofie Brumoen | Norway | 1:14.83 | 7 | 1:15.24 | 12 | 2:30.07 | +3.23 |
| 11 | 13 | 15 | Sara Snyder | Switzerland | 1:15.14 | 10 | 1:14.94 | 11 | 2:30.08 | +3.24 |
| 12 | 15 | 6 | Charlotte Longden | Great Britain | 1:15.45 | 13 | 1:14.75 | 10 | 2:30.20 | +3.36 |
| 13 | 14 | 3 | Antonia Sârbu | Romania | 1:15.20 | 11 | 1:15.51 | 13 | 2:30.71 | +3.87 |
| 14 | 3 | 12 | Maddy Cohen | United States | 1:16.06 | 15 | 1:15.91 | 15 | 2:31.97 | +5.13 |
| 15 | 10 | 7 | Maude Crossland | Colombia | 1:15.89 | 14 | 1:16.26 | 16 | 2:32.15 | +5.31 |
| 16 | 18 | 18 | Elvira Moiseenko | Russia | 1:16.23 | 16 | 1:16.38 | 17 | 2:32.61 | +5.77 |
| 17 | 9 | 14 | Emma Johnsen | Canada | 1:16.88 | 17 | 1:15.75 | 14 | 2:32.63 | +5.79 |
| 18 | 4 | 10 | Lin Yu-hsin | Chinese Taipei | 1:16.98 | 18 | 1:16.49 | 18 | 2:33.47 | +6.63 |
# Moray Way

The Moray Way is a long-distance path in the Scottish Highlands. First conceived in 2009, the Way is an amalgam of three of Scotland's Great Trails. It combines the whole of The Dava Way, two-thirds of The Moray Coast Trail and approximately half of The Speyside Way to create a loop of a 160 kilometres (99 mi). These sections embody vivid contrasts between the wildness of Dava Moor, the grandeur of the southern Moray Firth Coast, and the serenity of the beautiful Spey Valley.
Each year, various ultramarathons are run on the Way, including The Moray Way 100 that circles the entire route.
# Stillings

Stillings is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Edward Stillings (1823–1890), American lawyer, politician, judge, and businessman
* John Stillings (born 1955), American rower
# The Riding Kid

The Riding Kid is a 1931 American Western film directed by Jack Irwin and starring Buddy Roosevelt, Jean Kay and Fred Church. The title is sometimes spelled The Ridin' Kid.
It was an independent production by the Poverty Row-based Syndicate Pictures.

## Plot

A cattle baron hires The Riding Kid and Pedro to drive out farmers so that he can buy their land. However, the Kid and Pedro side with the farmers, and the Kid falls in love with Miss Barton.

## Cast

* Buddy Roosevelt as John Denton aka The Ridin' Kid
* Jean Kay as Miss Barton
* Fred Church as Sam Eldridge
* William Bertram as Mark Perdue
* Sam Tittley as Tom Barton
* LaVerne Haag as Mrs. Barton
* Nick Dunray as Pedro
* Mary Martin as The Cook
# Ælfwold I (bishop of Sherborne)

Ælfwold (or Ælfwold I) was a medieval Bishop of Sherborne.
Ælfwold was consecrated after 958 to around 963. He died in 978.

## Citations

* ↑ Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 222
# Pudding bowl

Pudding bowl may refer to
* Pudding basin
* Bowl cut
# Otura

Otura may refer to the following places:
* Villa de Otura, Granada, Spain
* Stará Turá (Hungarian: Ótura), Trenčín Region, Slovakia