OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Professional Disc

Professional Disc (PFD) is a digital recording optical disc format introduced by Sony in 2003 primarily for XDCAM, its tapeless camcorder system. It was one of the first optical formats to utilize a blue laser, which allowed for a higher density of data to be stored on optical media compared to infrared laser technology used in the CD and red laser technology used in the DVD format.

## Technology

PFD uses a 405 nm wavelength and a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.85 for the laser, allowing 23 GB of data to be stored on one 12 cm disc – the equivalent to nearly five single-layer DVDs, and a 1x speed data transfer rate of 88 Mbit/s for reading and 72 Mbit/s for writing. After the 23 GB disc was released, a dual-layer 50 GB was developed and released.
This format is sometimes confused with the Blu-ray Disc format, another optical disc format using blue-violet lasers and supported by Sony. Even the PFD's caddy and Blu-ray's original caddy (later dropped) looked very similar. Capabilities differ; single-layer PFD discs have a capacity of 23 GB whereas Blu-ray discs can store 25 GB. However, Blu-ray discs currently allow a 2x data transfer rate of 72 Mbit/s – lower than PFD. This is because PFD discs use much higher quality media and drives use higher quality components, making them prohibitively expensive for the consumer segment to which Blu-ray is aimed. PFD discs can have a capacity of up to 100 GB for rewritable discs, and 128 GB for write-once discs.

## Disc Sizes

| Disc Size (GB) | Disc Color | Layers of Disc | Storage Time (minutes record using HD422 50 Mbit/s) | Properties |
| 23 | Black | Single | 45 | Rewritable |
| 50 | Red | Dual | 90 | Rewritable |
| 100 | Yellow | Triple | 180 | Rewritable |
| 128 | White | Quad | 240 | Write once |

## Applications/products
### XDCAM video system

The PFD format is used as the recording medium in Sony's XDCAM professional video devices, both for standard definition and high definition applications.

### Professional Disc for Data (PDD)

Professional Disc for DATA (PDD or ProDATA) was a general-use recording media variant of PFD, aimed primarily at small and medium-sized enterprise for data archival and backup. PDD drives and media became available in mid-2004. The BW-RS101 external SCSI-3 drive originally retailed in the UK at £2,344 (excl. VAT) directly from Sony, and 23 GB write-once and re-writeable media retailed for £30 each. Two other drives – the BW-F101/A internal SCSI drive and the BW-RU101 external USB 2.0 drive also became available around the same time.
On March 31, 2007, Professional Disc for DATA reached their "end of life". PFD are still being manufactured and used in Sony XDCAM devices. Sony states that PDD and PFD media are not compatible, but does not specify the exact differences between products.
Sony's PDW-U1 Professional Disc drive is an external drive that connects via USB 2.0 to Windows or Mac OS X computers using the included free software from Sony. In a firmware and software upgrade in late July 2009, Sony added the ability for computer users to store any computer files on the Professional Disc into the dedicated "User Data" folder.
# Westringia senifolia

Westringia senifolia, commonly known as alpine westringia, is a shrub that is endemic to Victoria, Australia.

## Taxonomy

The species was first formally described in 1855 by Victorian Government Botanist Ferdinand von Mueller, based on plant material collected from Mount Buffalo.
In Western Australia, plants previously known as W. senifolia var. canescens are currently identified as Westringia baxteri.

## Description

It grows to 2 metres high and has narrow leaves. These are green and glossy above and pale and hairy underneath. White flowers with red spots appear between December and February in the species' native range.

## Range

It occurs on high, rocky mountains including Mount Buffalo, Mount Buller, Mount Wellington and Mount Donna Buang.
# Tihovići

Tihovići is a village in Vogošća municipality, near Sarajevo, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 337.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 329 | 97.6% |
| other/undeclared | 8 | 2.4% |
| Total | 337 | 100% |
# Wudingmen station

Wudingmen station (Chinese: 武定门站), is a station on Line 3 of the Nanjing Metro. It started operations on 1 April 2015.
# Virgin Books

Virgin Books is a British book publisher 90% owned by the publishing group Random House, and 10% owned by Virgin Group, the company originally set up by Richard Branson as a record company.

## History

Virgin established its book publishing arm in the late 1970s; in the latter part of the 1980s Virgin purchased several existing companies, including WH Allen, well known among Doctor Who fans for their Target Books imprint; Virgin Books was incorporated into WH Allen in 1989, but in 1991 WH Allen was renamed Virgin Publishing Ltd.
Virgin Publishing's early success came with the Doctor Who New Adventures novels, officially licensed full-length novels carrying on the story of the popular science-fiction television series following its cancellation in 1989. Virgin published this series from 1991 to 1997, as well as a range of Doctor Who reference books from 1992 to 1998 under the Doctor Who Books imprint.
In recent times the company is best known for its commercial non-fiction list, which includes business, health and lifestyle, music, film, and celebrity biographies. Richard Branson's autobiography Losing My Virginity, released in 1998, was an international best-seller at the time, and continues to sell well. His follow-up title Business Stripped Bare was published in September 2008. Virgin Business Guides included titles by Robert Craven, Paul Barrow and Rachelle Thackray. More recently the company has enjoyed success with Robert H Frank's The Economic Naturalist, where the author had his economics students pose interesting questions from everyday life and explain them through economics.
Random House, through its United Kingdom division, acquired a 90% stake in the company in March 2007. In November 2009, Virgin became an independent imprint within Ebury Publishing, a division of the Random House Group.

## Imprints

Other popular ranges have included various erotic fiction lines:
* Black Lace specializes in erotica and erotic romance written by female authors specifically for heterosexual female readers. The imprint does not publish novels written by men partly as a marketing scheme, partly to better appeal to their target demographic. The books explore women's sexuality as well as such themes as BDSM, group sex and bisexuality. The imprint began publishing in 1993, has published over 250 titles and sold over three million books. In 2006, Black Lace developed three specific lines within the imprint: contemporary, historical and paranormal. Black Lace also publishes short story anthologies, novella collections and in 2007 launched its first trilogy, a series of werewolf erotica by Mathilde Madden. The imprint marked its fifteen-year anniversary in 2008 with re-issues of several of its original novels. In 2009, Virgin announced that Black Lace would add no new titles in 2010. The line was relaunched in 2012.
* Nexus Books, sado-masochistic pornography written mostly for men who have sex with women, and women who have sex with men or women. In 2009, Virgin announced that Nexus would add no new titles in 2010.
* Idol for gay men (defunct).
* Sapphire for lesbians (defunct).
# Vladislav Leontyev

Vladislav Vladimirovich Leontyev (born July 5, 1971 in Gorky) is a Russian gangster linked to drug trafficking, embezzlement, fraud, extortion and car theft. In 2012 the Obama administration of the United States imposed sanctions on Leontyev as a central figure in a transnational crime gang called Brothers' Circle, along with six other men linked to various syndicates tied into the Circle, and Japanese yakuza leaders Kenichi Shinoda and Kiyoshi Takayama.
# Nothing to Wish For (Nothing to Lose)

Nothing to Wish For (Nothing to Lose) is the fourth album by the English shoegazing band Air Formation. It was released on the label Club AC30 on March 1, 2010.

## Track listing

* "Three Years Pass" – 5:53
* "Stars and Knives" – 4:01
* "Low December Sun" – 3:09
* "Alone at Last" – 5:54
* "Don't Wait 'Til Dawn" – 5:23
* "Meltdown" – 3:14
* "Until Today" – 5:10
* "Like I Hold You" – 4:36
* "Cut Through the Night" – 4:40
* "Outro" – 4:38
* "Distant Silhouettes" - 5:35

## Personnel

* Matt Bartram – guitar, six string bass, vocals
* Ben Pierce – bass
* Richard Parks – keyboards
* James Harrison – drums
* Ian Sheridan – guitar, feedback
# Second Church of Christ, Scientist (San Francisco)

The former Second Church of Christ, Scientist is an historic Christian Science church building located at the corner of Dolores Street and Cumberland Street, across from Dolores Park in the Mission District of San Francisco, California, United States. Built in 1916, it was designed by San Francisco architect William H. Crim in the Beaux Arts style. The building was sold in 2012, and conversion into four condominiums was completed in 2016.

## Building

Designed in a classical-derived Beaux Arts style, the building has a symmetrical facade with three doors, and large, arched windows. It had oak paneling and pews, marble steps and marble flooring in the lobby, and an organ that was brought from the 1915 Panama Pacific Exposition. The wood-framed truss system dome is one of two in San Francisco.

## Conversion

By 2008, the congregation had dwindled to fewer than 100 people, who could not afford to pay for mandatory seismic retrofitting of the 1000-seat church and proposed demolishing it to build a smaller church and condominium buildings on the site. After the city planning department recommended retaining the building for its historic value, it was put up for sale. In 2012 it was sold to commercial property developer Siamak Akhavan, who had previously bought and converted another church at 601 Dolores Street, now a school. The congregation moved to 2287 Mission Street.
In 2016, conversion of the building into four condominiums under the name The Light House was completed. Three units of approximately 5000 square feet are within the main body of the building. A slightly smaller penthouse was created under the dome, which was cut free and raised approximately ten feet to increase ceiling height and reveal the windows that circle the dome, with the oculus remaining in position suspended above the apartment. Akhavan himself moved into the penthouse. The four units share a private park.
# Nottingham North West (UK Parliament constituency)

Nottingham North West was a borough constituency in the city of Nottingham. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

## History

The constituency was created for the 1950 general election, although in reality this was merely a renaming of the previous Nottingham West seat. It disappeared at the 1955 general election, when its territory was split between the redrawn Nottingham West constituency (Broxtowe and Wollaton wards) and the new Nottingham North constituency (St Albans ward).

## Boundaries

The County Borough of Nottingham wards of Broxtowe, St Albans, and Wollaton.

## Members of Parliament

| Election | Election | Member | Party |
| | 1950 | Tom O'Brien | Labour |
| 1955 | 1955 | constituency abolished | constituency abolished |

## Election result

General election 1950: Nottingham North West :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Tom O'Brien | 30,223 | 61.19 | |
| | Conservative | Thomas Gardner | 13,016 | 26.35 | |
| | Liberal | TH Whalley | 5,432 | 11.00 | |
| | Communist | Arthur West | 719 | 1.46 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 17,207 | 34.84 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 49,390 | 86.10 | |
| | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) |
General election 1951: Nottingham North West :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Labour | Tom O'Brien | 32,694 | 64.94 |
| | Conservative | Thomas Gardner | 17,650 | 35.06 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 15,044 | 29.88 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 60,392 | 83.36 |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | −2.48 |
# Nottingham Parksmart

52°57′07″N 1°08′56″W﻿ / ﻿52.952°N 1.149°W﻿ / 52.952; -1.149
Nottingham Parksmart is a parking scheme which divides Nottingham city centre into five distinctive zones to aid parking in the city, and to help tourists find attractions.

## Plans

The plan first appeared in early 2004, and integration began in 2008.
In August 2009, pedestrian signs were set up in the city centre for tourists. The signs have the logo of their respective zone, a map of the whole city, and the attractions near to the sign. Road signs indicating the zones have been erected, Electronic signs have also gone up in the city, and were integrated with the city's car parks in October 2009.

## Zones
### Broadmarsh

    The Broadmarsh zone is in the south of the city, and contains the site of the former intu Broadmarsh shopping centre, the Magistrates' and Crown Courts, and Nottingham station.

### Castle

    Nottingham Castle is the namesake of this zone. Castle is the largest zone, and covers the western side of the city centre. Standard Hill, where King Charles I declared the English Civil War is also in this zone, as is the site of the old General Hospital. The Albert Hall can be found in the north of the zone, next to Nottingham Playhouse.

### Lace Market

    The Lace Market zone was once the centre of Nottingham’s lace industry. It now contains stylish apartments and restaurants, and contains the area of Hockley. The National Ice Centre (which incorporates the Motorpoint Arena Nottingham) are located in the east of the Lace Market zone.

### Royal

    The Royal Zone is just north of the Old Market Square, and derives its name from the Theatre Royal and the Royal Concert Hall, both of which are in the zone. The zone also includes The Cornerhouse, Trinity Square and Nottingham Trent University’s city campus.

### Victoria

    The Victoria Zone's central feature is the intu Victoria Centre, formerly Nottingham Victoria railway station. Victoria bus station is situated within the Victoria Centre.
# Paramallosia

Paramallosia is a monotypic beetle genus in the family Cerambycidae described by Ernst Fuchs in 1955. Its only species, Paramallosia afghanica, was described by the same author in the same year.
# William Halligan (actor)

William Kerry Halligan (March 29, 1883 – January 28, 1957) was an American stage and film actor, and writer.
Halligan was born on March 29, 1883, in Chicago, Illinois. He was active on the stage from 1904 to 1919. That year he made his film debut in The Wonder Man. He appeared as a supporting actor in numerous films; his last appearance was in If I'm Lucky in 1946. He also worked as a writer and "gagman" (joke writer) from 1928 to 1943. He died at the Motion Picture County House in Woodland Hills, California on January 28, 1957.

## Filmography

Partial list of films featuring William Halligan:
* The Wonder Man (1920) - Bubbles
* Waltzing Around (short) (1929)
* Somewhere in Jersey (Vitaphone Varieties) (1929)
* Follow the Leader (1930) - Bob Sterling
* At Your Service (Vitaphone Varieties) (1930)
* The Darling Brute (Vitaphone Varieties) (1930)
* Accidents will Happen (short) (1930)
* Lady and Gent (1932) - Doc Hayes
* Story Conference (Broadway Brevities) (1934)
* Earl of Puddlestone (1940) - Henry Potter-Potter
* You Can't Fool Your Wife (1940) - J.R. Gillespie Sr.
* Emergency Landing (1941) - George B. Lambert
* Murder Among Friends (1941) - James Gerald
* Double Cross (1941) - Mayor
* Paper Bullets (1941) - Police Chief Flynn
* Blonde Comet (1941) - Cannonball Blake
* Foreign Agent (1942) - Bob Davis
* Broadway Big Shot (1942) - Warden Collins
* A Gentleman at Heart (1942) - Higgins
* Henry Aldrich, Editor (1942) - Norman Kenly
* Riders of the Deadline (1943) - banker Simon Crandall
* Jive Junction (1943) - Mr. Maglodian
* He's My Guy (1943) - Elwood
* The Black Hills Express (1943) - Marshal Harvey Dorman
* The Seventh Victim (1943) - Paul Radeaux (uncredited)
* The Great Mike (1944) - Doc Scott
* Dick Tracy (1945) - Mayor
* Within These Walls (1945) - Collins
* Till the Clouds Roll By (1946) - Cap'n Andy

## Anecdotes

Halligan enjoyed gambling, but unfortunately was noted for his inability to pick horses. One day at Santa Anita his friend, Nick the Greek, challenged him: "Bill, you're such a bad handicapper I'll bet you 100 to 1 that you can't pick a horse that will finish last." Halligan took the bet at $1000 to $10, and picked Paper Boy, an extreme longshot. Paper Boy won, and paid $64.
On another occasion Nick told Halligan: "In gambling with a Southerner, never be afraid [if] he pulls a pistol on you. It's when he pulls his fountain pen that you'd better duck."
# Wuding River

The Wuding River (Chinese: 无定河) begins in the Ordos Desert in Shaanxi Province, Inner Mongolia and flows south into loess canyons and farmland. After around 160 kilometres (100 mi) it flows into the great Yellow River. The Wuding has its own tributaries, such as the Dali River, Hailiutu River, Hanjiang River, and the Danjiang River. The course of the river roughly parallels the northern route of the ancient Silk Road, now the National Highway 210.

## History

The river's name means "winding" or "unstable" or "capricious" or "without a fixed course". This relates to its shifting course during classical times. The river area was much contested in classical times, and many battles were fought along and around it. On its early northern reaches stood the 'White City' of Tongwancheng, the main Hun capital on the non-Chinese side of the Great Wall of China. The river served as a military boundary into the warlord period of Chinese history, when opium replaced cotton as the crop on the river's fertile loess farmland, and into the modern communist period.
The river currently carries very high levels of silt due to the arid climate in its loess canyons and gulleys, and over the last 30 years extensive effort has been put into preventing erosion on the upper reaches of the river, so as to prevent coarse sediment from entering the Yellow River. Terraces, re-forestation, planting and control dams have all been tried, with considerable success.

## Cultural references

An ancient 9th century battle poem is set on the banks of the river - Chen Tao's Journey to Longxi describes a warrior dying on the riverbank, whereafter his lover only sees him in her dreams...
    "Have pity on the white skeletons of the Wuding River, for they are men now only in the dreams of young women."
The river and its culture gave rise to the bardic folk song tradition of daoqing. By the late 19th and 20th centuries, this had taken the form of large troupes of blind storytellers and musicians. For more on this tradition see: "Blind Bards of The Wuding", in China Pictorial Nov 2006.
# Mr F. is Mr F.

"Mr F. is Mr F." is a short story by British author J. G. Ballard. It first appeared in the August 1961 edition of Science Fantasy (Volume 16, Number 48). It was later reprinted in The Disaster Area (1967), and then in the larger The Complete Short Stories of J. G. Ballard: Volume 1 anthology (2006).

## Plot summary

"Mr F. is Mr F." is a bizarre tale concerning Charles Freeman, who, after discovering the fact while checking his health, is undergoing a strange metamorphosis, rapidly de-aging into the body of an increasingly younger child. As he gets younger he starts feeling more and more confident about himself. Although he first believes the condition is some psychosomatic illness, and initially hides his transforming body from his wife, he soon discovers she knows full well about his predicament, denying him escape from the house. It is strongly implied his wife understands it or is responsible for it (after the realisation that his wife's expected baby is in fact him), however it is never truly revealed what the origin of the condition is, so Freeman continues to get younger, becoming more childlike and tired in the process. After a while Freeman reaches the point where he looks like a toddler and eventually disappears into his wife's womb and his life ends at his conception.
# Mr Faint-Heart

Mr Faint-Heart is a 1931 comedy play by the British writer Ian Hay. It was staged at the Shaftesbury Theatre in London's West End between 20 April and 20 June 1931.
In 1935 it was adapted into a film All at Sea directed by Anthony Kimmins and starring Tyrell Davis, Googie Withers and Rex Harrison.
A mild-mannered man inherits some money and goes on a cruise around the Mediterranean. To impress a lady on board, he pretends to be a famous writer, but this soon gets him into complications.
# Mount Sudan (Tunisia)

Jebel Sudan Mountain is part of the Wurga mountain range, located northwest of the Republic of Tunisia in the state of Kef. The Mountain is located at Coordinates 36°16'N 8°23'E in the northwest of the Republic of Tunisia, north of the town of Saqiet Sidi Youssef. It is only 1,500 meters away from the border with Algeria. The height of the summit is 980m.
# Slaughter Trail

Slaughter Trail is a 1951 Cinecolor Western film produced and directed by Irving Allen, filmed in Corriganville and released by RKO Pictures.

## Plot

A trio of masked bandits rob a stagecoach secretly assisted by one of the passengers. The fleeing bandits come across some unarmed Navajo who they shoot and steal their horses. One of the Navajo survives and informs the tribe who sets his tribe on the warpath against all whites. The commander of the US Cavalry fort who is friendly with the Navajo chief is caught in the middle.

## Cast

* Brian Donlevy as Capt. Dempster
* Gig Young as Ike Vaughn
* Virginia Grey as Lorabelle Larkin
* Andy Devine as Sgt. Macintosh
* Robert Hutton as Lt. Morgan
* Terry Gilkyson as Singalong

## Production

The film was made in 1950 and was originally to have been released through Eagle-Lion but was picked up for release by RKO.
Originally the film was shot with Howard Da Silva in the lead. After he was accused of Communist leanings, RKO ordered DaSilva's scenes reshot with Brian Donlevy.
Allen reshot the film in three days and sold it to RKO for $200,000.
Like High Noon, Slaughter Trail has continuing ballads throughout the film that ask and answer questions as well as narrate the story. It may be debated whether the film was made "straight," or was satiric, due to the even then well known Western set pieces such as a stagecoach holdup, Indian attacks, and the army standing between hostile Indians and townspeople being commented on by songs that often break the fourth wall. The writer of the film Sid Kuller was a well known comedy writer and also wrote some of the film's songs. One of the film's songs I Wish I Was became a hit song of the year.
# Slaughter of the Innocents

Slaughter of the Innocents may refer to:
* Slaughter of the Innocents (film), a 1993 thriller film
* Massacre of the Innocents, a biblical account of infanticide by Herod the Great
* Pavonia Massacre and Massacre at Corlears Hook, New Netherlands killings on February 25, 1643
# Skiving (leathercraft)

Skiving is the process used in leather crafting to reduce the thickness of leather, especially in areas that are to be bent or folded and which must be pliable without becoming weakened. It is usually performed on the "flesh" side of a piece of leather rather than the "finished" (hair) side. Skiving is also used when two edges of leather are to be joined, so as to keep the overlapping area from becoming unnecessarily bulky. The technique is useful for joining long strips of leather together to form belts or watchbands.
# XHRG-FM

XHRG-FM is a radio station in Ciudad Acuña, Coahuila, Mexico, broadcasting on 95.5 FM and carrying a regional Mexican format known as La Ley. It is owned by the Ciudad Acuña branch of Saltillo-based Grupo RCG Media.

## History

The concession for the station was obtained in 1980.