OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paul Schützenberger

Paul Schützenberger (23 December 1829 – 26 June 1897) was a French chemist. He was born in Strasbourg, where his father Georges Frédéric Schützenberger (1779–1859) was professor of law, and his uncle Charles Schützenberger (1809–1881) professor of chemical medicine.
He was intended for a medical career and graduated MD from the University of Strasbourg in 1855, but his interests laid in physical and chemical sciences. In 1853 he went to Paris as preparateur to JF Persoz (1805–1868), professor of chemistry at the Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers. A year later he was entrusted with a course of chemical instruction at Mulhouse, and he remained in that town until 1865 as professor at the École Supérieure des Sciences.
He then returned to Paris as assistant to AJ Balard at the College de France, in 1876 he succeeded him in the chair of chemistry, and in 1882 he became directing professor at the municipal École de Physique et de Chimie. The two latter chairs he held together until his death, which happened at Mézy, Seine et Oise.
During the period he spent at Mulhouse, Schützenberger paid special attention to industrial chemistry, particularly in connection with colouring matters, but he also worked at general and biological chemistry which subsequently occupied the greater part of his time. He is known for a long series of researches on the constitution of alkaloids and of the albuminoid bodies, and for the preparation of several new series of platinum compounds and of hyposulphurous acid, H$_2$S$_2$O$_4$.
Towards the end of his life he adopted the view that the elements have been formed by some process of condensation from one primordial substance of extremely small atomic weight, and he expressed the conviction that atomic weights within narrow limits are variable and modified according to the physical conditions in which a compound is formed.
His publications include:
* Chimie appliquée à la physiologie et à la pathologie animale (1863);
* Traité des matières colorantes (1867);
* Les Fermentations (1875), which was translated into German, Italian and English;
* Traité de chimie générale in seven volumes (1880–1894).
# XHSG-FM

XHSG-FM is a radio station on 99.9 FM in Piedras Negras, Coahuila. It is owned by Grupo Audiorama Comunicaciones and is known as Vida.

## History

XHSG received its concession on October 27, 1980. It was owned by Humberto Ricardo Medina Ainslie, the father of Rodrigo Medina, the governor of Nuevo León from 2009 to 2015. XHSG was sold in 2006 to its current concessionaire.
# XHSI-FM

XHSI-FM is a radio station on 94.5 FM in Santiago Ixcuintla, Nayarit, Mexico. The station is known as La Patrona.

## History

XHSI began as XESI-AM 1240, awarded to Julio Mondragón González on April 14, 1954. The station did not take to air until May 5, 1957.
In 2011, XESI migrated to FM as XHSI-FM. Despite being on 94.5 until January 2014, the station was given the 92.1 frequency at the start of migration.
The station moved to 94.5 MHz on November 14, 2022. The Federal Telecommunications Institute approved the frequency change to reduce interference to XHUX-FM in Tepic.
# Xantholobus muticus

Xantholobus muticus is a species of treehopper belonging to the subfamily Smiliinae.

## Description

Xantholobus muticus varies in color from black to pale yellowish brown. The pronotum is low and rounded, and swells over the middle. Adults vary in length from 7 to 8 millimetres.

## Range

Xantholobus muticus can be found across the eastern and central parts of United States and Canada, stretching from Manitoba to Quebec in the north and from Texas to Florida in the south.

## Habitat

Xantholobus muticus is commonly found in mixed hardwood forests, primarily where oak (Quercus) trees are present. It can be found from the late spring months to the early summer months.

## Diet

Like all treehoppers, Xantholobus muticus feeds on the sap from under leaves. However, X. muticus feeds exclusively on the trees of the genus Quercus, or oaks, including:
* Quercus alba
* Q. laevis
* Q. prinus
* Q. stellata

## Taxonomy

Xantholobus muticus was first described by Johan C. Fabricius as Membracis mutica. The species has been under several taxonomic changes. Xantholobus muticus is also called Xantholobus mutica.
# Paul Wexler

Paul Wexler may refer to:
* Paul Wexler (actor) (1929–1979), American character actor
* Paul Wexler (linguist) (born 1938), American-born Israeli linguist
# XBB

XBB may refer to:
* SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant § XBB, a subvariant of the virus that causes COVID-19
* The aboriginal Lower Burdekin languages of Australia
* The European Monetary Unit used in bond markets
* Blubber Bay Seaplane Base, British Columbia, Canada – see List of airports by IATA airport code: X
# Paula Björkqvist

Paula Björkqvist (3 January 1975 – 17 July 2006) was a Finnish politician of the Centre Party in Jämsä. She was stabbed 69 times by her husband, Jarmo Björkvist, in 2006. He received a life sentence but was later released on parole in 2020.
# Xavier María de Munibe e Idiáquez

Xavier María de Munibe e Idiáquez, Count of Peñaflorida (23 October 1729 — 13 January 1785) was a Spanish writer and intellectual, known for his leading work in Enlightenment Spain and Basque literature. He founded the Royal Basque Society of Friends of the Country in Bergara in 1748, which would become the first Sociedad Económica de los Amigos del País, a society inextricably linked to the Real Compañía Guipuzcoana de Caracas.

## Early life

Peñaflorida studied in Toulouse, where he established contacts with the Society of Jesus. He returned to Gipuzkoa—a semi-autonomous Basque territory—in 1746, settled in Azkoitia and became a senior official in the Regional Government (Diputación) in 1750.

## Enlightenment figure

Peñaflorida closely associated with two other men, the Marqués de Narros (José María de Eguía) and Manuel Ignacio Altuna. The three men came to be known as the "Gentlemen of Azkoitia" (los Caballeritos de Azcoitia) and the "Triumvirate of Azkoitia" (el Triunvirato de Azcoitia) and were responsible for promoting Enlightenment thought in Spain. In Peñaflorida's home, they founded an Enlightenment-style "academy" to discuss intellectual issues. For years the group maintained a regular program of discussing on mathematics on Mondays, physics on Tuesdays, history and literature on Wednesdays, geography on Fridays, and current events on Saturdays. It devoted Thursdays and Sundays to concerts, including works written by members of the "Gentlemen of Azkoitia" such as Fray José de Larrañaga. Out of these meetings evolved a more formal association, the Real Sociedad Bascongada de Amigos del País. Its incorporation charter and bylaws were presented to the government in 1763 and approved two years later. Peñaflorida, as its main proponent, was selected as its director for life. The three men also created in 1767 the Seminario de Vergara (Bergara). These two institutions proved to be key centers of Spanish Enlightenment thought and science.

## Works

Peñaflorida was the author of many works in his lifetime. They include Los aldeanos críticos (1758), Ensayo de la Sociedad Bascongada de amigos del país (1766), and Gabon-Sariac (1762) a religious epic dealing with the life of Louise de La Vallière (although some attribute this one to Manuel Larramendi). He also wrote the music and librettos of two bilingual (Spanish-Basque) comic operas, El borracho burlado (1764) and Comedia famosa.

### Literature

* Los aldeanos críticos (1758)
* Ensayo de la Sociedad Bascongada de amigos del país (1766)
* Gabon-Sariac (1762)

### Operas

* El borracho burlado (1764)
* Comedia famosa

## Sources

* Gran Enciclopedia Larousse. Barcelona, Planeta, 1988. ISBN 84-320-7370-9 (in Spanish)
* Historia de la REal Sociedad Bascongada de los Amigos del País at Real Sociedad Bascongada de los Amigos del País (in Spanish)
* Xavier María de Munibe e Idiaquez, Conde de Peñaflorida at Real Sociedad Bascongada de los Amigos del País (in Spanish)
* Libretto of El borracho burlado (in Spanish)
# XHITD-FM

XHITD-FM is a radio station in Durango, Durango. Branded as Estéreo Tecnológico, XHITD-FM broadcasts on 92.1 FM and is owned by the Instituto Tecnológico de Durango.

## History

XHITD signed on April 4, 1990 as the first FM station in the entire state of Durango.
The Instituto Tecnológico de Durango received a permit for an FM radio station in 1992. Originally badged XHDGO-FM and broadcasting on 97.3 MHz, within several months the callsign and frequency were changed. (The 97.3 frequency in Durango remains vacant, but the XHDGO-FM calls were reissued in 1994.)
XHITD does not appear in the most recent IFT table release, dated March 31, 2016, likely because it failed to apply to transition to a public or social use concession.
# Peace Valley Park

Peace Valley Park is a 1,500 acre (6 km²) park located near Doylestown, Pennsylvania. It is part of the Bucks County Park System. The park surrounds Lake Galena, a 365-acre (1.5 km$^2$) lake created by the damming of the north branch of the Neshaminy Creek.

## Activities

The park provides numerous recreational opportunities including playgrounds for children, facilities for hiking, biking and fishing, and sail- and paddle-boat rentals. Barbecue and picnic areas are also available throughout the park. The park has over 14 miles of maintained biking and hiking trails, many of which (including those around the lake) are paved.
Although most of the park is open to the public, access to some areas is restricted in the interest of wildlife preservation.
Lake Galena freezes over most winters; ice-skating and ice-fishing are also popular during the winter months.

## Nature Center

Located at the northeast end of the park (immediately on the lake) is the Peace Valley Nature Center, a facility maintained by the Bucks County Department of Parks and Recreation. The Nature Center has educational, bird-watching, and recreation facilities. The Center has a staff of 5-10 people and is partially powered by a photovoltaic system.
Parking is available immediately adjacent to the Nature Center, which also includes a small gift shop.
Carolyn "Corey" Jarin was the founder of Peace Valley Nature Center.

## Wildlife

Park facilities are dedicated to both the preservation and observation of wildlife. The Nature Center has a bird blind open to the public year-round. The park is designated an Important Bird Area by the National Audubon Society.
Access to some areas of the park is restricted in the interest of wildlife protection.
The park is filled with hundreds of species of flora and fauna. Over 250 bird species have been sighted at the park, ranging from common sparrows to bald eagles and other birds of prey. Canada Geese commonly migrate to the park. Other common and oft-sighted fauna include white-tailed deer, groundhogs, various species of fish, rabbits, and turtles.
# Xie Xuejin

Xie Xuejin (simplified Chinese: 谢学锦; traditional Chinese: 謝學錦; 21 May 1923 – 24 February 2017) was a Chinese geochemist who won the AAG Gold Medal in 2007. Xie was considered as the Father of Geochemical Mapping in China.

## Biography

Xie was born 21 May 1923 in Beijing, with his ancestral home in Shanghai. He was the son of the geologist Xie Jiarong. From 1941 to 1945, Xie studied physics and chemistry at the College of Sciences of Zhejiang University. Xie also studied chemistry at Chongqing University.
After graduation, Xie mainly worked for the Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). He was elected as an academician of CAS in 1980. Xie also taught as a professor at Changchun Geological College (later merged into Jilin University), Jilin Province, China.

## Research activities

During the 1970s and 1980s, Xie proposed and led the National geochemical mapping project and the China-Regional Geochemistry-National Reconnaissance (RGNR) Project. He also technically sponsored these programs, and initially emphasized and demonstrated by mapping the gold mines in China's territory (see also Gold mining in China).
This RGNR project lasted for at least 24 years and scanned more than six million km$^2$ of China's mainland surface. The useful information offered from this mega program also contributed to about 80% new mineral discoveries within recent two decades in China.
In the 1990s, Xie also contributed to the international standardization for methodology of world geochemical mapping.
Xie also further developed some new approaches of searching for buried giant ore deposits. Xie also proposed several deep-penetrating geochemical techniques and methods.

## Academic assignments

Xie has served many academic positions including:
* Leader, the Geochemical Exploration Research Division of the Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAS.
* Deputy director, the Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAS.
* Honorary director, the Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAS.
* Member of the executive committee of the IGCP Board, UNESCO.
* Associate editor and the member of the editorial board of the Journal of Geochemical Exploration
* Member of the editorial board of the Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis
* Member of the central executive committee and the chairman of the Analytical Technology Committee of the Global Geochemical Mapping Working Group, IUGS.

## Honors and awards

Xie received many honors and awards both from China and international organizations, especially the prestigious AAG Gold Medal from the Association of Applied Geochemists in June, 2007 at the 23rd International Geochemical Exploration Symposium banquet in Oviedo, Spain, for "his outstanding scientific achievements in exploration geochemistry".

## Monograph

* Geochemistry: Proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress, by Xie Xuejing (Editor); Page: 288; Publisher: Brill Academic Publishers (1 October 1997); Language: English; ISBN 90-6764-267-3, ISBN 978-90-6764-267-5.
# Pauline Goldsmith

Pauline Goldsmith is an actress, theatre maker and comedic writer from Belfast in the north of Ireland. She has lived in Glasgow and Belfast. Her plays include "Bright Colours Only" which has been created several times for the Edinburgh Fringe Festival.

## Career

Goldsmith is known in theatre for her Irish wake play Bright Colours Only. It was first performed in November 2001 at Tramway Theatre as part of the Dark Lights Festival. Since then the show has been performed over 20 years It was part of the programme at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival for two consecutive years, and in 2002 productions in England and in 2003 in Brazil. In 2017 it again returned to the Fringe when it was "highly recommended".
Goldsmith won the 2004 Best Actress Award at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe for her performance in Samuel Beckett's 1972 play Not I. She also performed her second play, Should've Had the Fish, at the Assembly Rooms at the Fringe Festival during August 2006.
In 2012 she wrote and performed in a six part sketch show with Vivienne Grahame and Jo Sutherland for Radio Scotland. The premis for the show was people meeting at the school gates as they collected their children. The show was called "The Gates".
In 2016 she appeared as the capitalist antagonist in "The Destroyed Room" which was apoclyptic play about modern conversations. It was performed in Glasgow, Edinburgh and London by the group, "Vanishing Point" In 2022 she was in the small cast of Debbie Tucker Green's "hang" at the Tron Theatre in Glasgow with Saskia Ashdown and Renee Williams.

## Film credits

Goldsmith has appeared in the following films:
* How High the Castle Walls (1997; short film)
* The Magdalene Sisters (2002)
* 16 Years of Alcohol (2003)
* Hikkimori (2007)
* Peacefire (2008)

### Awards

* Best Actress, Edinburgh Festival Fringe (2004)
* Creative Scotland (2006)
# Xavier Huillard

Xavier Huillard (born 27 June 1954) is a French business executive, and the chairman and CEO of Vinci SA. He has been CEO since 2006, and chairman since 2010.

## Early life and education

Huillard graduated from École Polytechnique and École des ponts ParisTech.

## Career

Prior to joining Vinci, Huillard was chairman and CEO of Sogea [fr]. He has worked for Vinci since March 1998, as deputy general manager, chairman of Vinci Construction, and chairman of Vinci Energies.
He has been the chairman of the Institut de l’Entreprise since 2011.

## Other activities

* Air Liquide, Independent Member of the Board of Directors (since 2021)
# Peleg (name)

Peleg is a masculine given name, and occasional surname. Historically, Peleg was one of the two sons of Eber, the ancestor of the Hebrews. The Hebrew meaning of Peleg is a small water stream.
Others with the name include:

## Given name
### Canada

* Peleg Wiswall, lawyer, judge, and politician, Nova Scotia

### United States

* Peleg Arnold, lawyer, tavern-keeper, jurist, and statesman from Smithfield, Rhode Island
* Peleg Chandler, lawyer, journalist, and politician
* Peleg Coffin, Jr., financier, insurer, and politician
* Peleg Sprague, politician from Maine
* Peleg Sprague, politician from New Hampshire
* Peleg Tallman, Representative from Massachusetts
* Peleg Wadsworth, officer during the Revolutionary War, and a Congressman

## Surname
### Israel

* David Peleg, historian and diplomat
* David Peleg (scientist), computer scientist
* Israel Peleg (born 1949), politician
* Anat Peleg (born 1957), author
* Shtain Peleg (born 1996), composer
# Peach County Courthouse

The Peach County Courthouse is located in Fort Valley, Georgia. It was built in 1936. It is of the Colonial Revival (or more specifically Williamsburg Revival style), and is one of only a few Colonial Revival-style courthouses in Georgia. It is the first courthouse built in Peach County, which is the newest county formed in the state, in 1924.
It has a two-story gable-roofed central section with a pedimented bay. It has a T-shaped addition added in 1972, making the interior into an H-pattern.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
# Pelexia

Pelexia is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It has about 60-70 accepted species, native to Latin America, the West Indies and Florida.
# Pelahustán

Pelahustán is a municipality located in the province of Toledo, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2014 census, the municipality has a population of 349 inhabitants. It yearly organises a bike concentration, revientamuelles, since 2005.
# Y Tri Brawd a'u Teuluoedd

Y Tri Brawd a'u Teuluoedd is a Welsh novel written in 1866 by the Calvinist Roger Edwards.

## Background

Y Tri Brawd a'u Teuluoedd was published as the first in a serial form of novels by Roger Edwards. Edwards was an ordained minister with the Calvinist Methodists; he was also a devoted editor and writer. As editor of Y Drysorfa Edwards’s aim was to allay Methodist suspicion of fictional literature and he became a large influence on Daniel Owen.
# Xon district

Xon is a district of Houaphanh province, Laos.
# Xong

Xong can refer to:
* Xong language
* Limbu people
# Yaka, Düzce

Yaka (also: Yakaköy) is a village in the Düzce District of Düzce Province in Turkey. Its population is 583 (2022).
# Penina Taylor

Penina Taylor is an American-born international Jewish inspirational and motivational speaker, life coach, and author. She became well known for the story of her spiritual journey, but now speaks on topics related to personal growth and marriage, as well as spirituality. Penina is the Executive Director of the Shomrei Emet Institute for Counter-Missionary Studies, and the founder of Torah Life Strategies. Shomrei Emet was briefly affiliated with the counter-missionary organization, Jews for Judaism, Jerusalem, during 2008.
Since November 2018, Taylor has hosted a weekly podcast called "Leap of Faith" on IsraelTalkNewsRadio.com, a Fox News Radio affiliate.

## Early life
### Conversion to Christianity

Penina was born into a secular Jewish home in Lakewood Township, New Jersey. After a traumatic childhood, Penina embraced Christianity in high school, and then went on to Miami Christian College (Now Trinity University) where she obtained a Bible Certificate. In college, Penina became certified in the Evangelism Explosion (EE) program, was trained and served as a counselor with the Billy Graham Crusade several times, and was certified as a "crisis pregnancy counselor".
Shortly after leaving Miami Christian College, Penina married Paul Taylor, who had attended Moody Bible Institute, and the two of them continued to serve in lay leadership positions in a variety of churches.

### Messianic Judaism

In 1991, Paul and Penina became involved in the Messianic movement, and in 1994, along with Penina's parents, started the Messianic congregation, Knesset Hashuvim, in Bowie, Maryland. During this time, Penina began reading books about Orthodox Judaism, and the four leaders adopted the concept of "Torah-Observant Messianic Judaism". Penina's father, Yeshayahu Heiliczer, established the "Association of Torah-Observant Messianics", or ATOM.

### From "Messianic Judaism" to Orthodox Judaism

After moving to Baltimore, Maryland, in 2000, while still "Messianic Jews", Paul and Penina began to attend an Orthodox synagogue where they were introduced by the rabbi to the (then) director of Jews for Judaism, Mark Powers. As a result of their discussion with Mark, Penina rejected Jesus as the Jewish messiah, and adopted Orthodox Judaism.

## Later career

In 2009, Penina published her first book, Coming Full Circle: A Jewish Woman's Journey through Christianity and Back, which narrates her spiritual journey through Evangelical Christianity, "Messianic Judaism", and, finally, Orthodox Judaism.
In 2011, Penina published her second book, Scripture Twisting, which examines Christian claims for the messiahship of Jesus, and the Jewish response to these claims.
In addition to publishing her books, Penina lectures and teaches around the world at Jewish centers, seminaries, and yeshivas, discussing her religious journey at synagogues and with youth groups, engaging in Jewish polemics against Messianic-Christian interpretations of the Hebrew Bible, and opines on the nature of the relationship between Israel and Evangelical Christianity.
More recently, Penina has been teaching on personal growth, marriage, and relationships.
# Yakovlev Yak-60

Yakovlev Yak-60 (known as Yak-32 in some sources) is the possible designation for an experimental Yakovlev tandem-rotor heavy-lift helicopter design of the late 1960s. This design never progressed beyond the model stage.

## Development

This helicopter was designed in the late 1960s, and may have been a competing design to the Mil Mi-12 heavy lift helicopter. It featured two Mil Mi-6 rotors in tandem, each driven by a pair of 6,500 hp (4,800 kW) Soloviev D-25VF engines, potentially giving it four times the payload capacity of the Boeing CH-47 Chinook. The cockpit would have been similar to that of the Yakovlev Yak-24. Compared to the radical Mi-12, the Yak-60 design was far more conventional, though two Mi-12s were produced and no Yak-60s.
It has been suggested that the designation Yak-60 was based on an extant study model which had the number "60" painted prominently on its side.

## Specifications (Yak-60 estimated)

Data from
General characteristics
* Crew: three
* Capacity: 42 t (93,000 lb) of cargo
* Length: 46 m (150 ft 11 in)
* Empty weight: 55,000 kg (121,254 lb)
* Max takeoff weight: 100,000 kg (220,462 lb)
* Powerplant: 4 × Soloviev D-25VF turboshaft engines in pairs for each rotor, 4,800 kW (6,500 shp) each
* Main rotor diameter: 2 × 35 m (114 ft 10 in)
Performance
# Pedro Soto

Pedro Soto is the name of:
* Pedro Soto (footballer), Mexican footballer
* Pedro Soto (politician), Spanish politician