OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1250 Galanthus

1250 Galanthus, provisional designation 1933 BD, is a dark background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 25 January 1933, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory. The asteroid was named for the herbaceous plant Galanthus, also known as "snowdrop".

## Orbit and classification

Galanthus is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 1.9–3.2 AU once every 4 years and 1 month (1,488 days; semi-major axis of 2.55 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.27 and an inclination of 15° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg the night after its official discovery observation.

## Physical characteristics

Galanthus is an assumed carbonaceous C-type asteroid.

### Rotation period

In the early 1980s, a rotational lightcurve of Galanthus was obtained during a survey conducted by Richard P. Binzel at the McDonald Observatory, Texas. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 3.92 hours with a brightness variation of 0.28 magnitude (U=3). The period was confirmed from photometric observations by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory in October 2015, which gave a similar period of 3.918 hours and an amplitude of 0.22 magnitude (U=2).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Galanthus measures between 17.18 and 21.00 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.04 and 0.06.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0500 and a diameter of 21.0 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.26.

## Naming

This minor planet was named after the herbaceous plant Galanthus, also known as "snowdrop". The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 115).

### Reinmuth's flowers

Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).
# Petraliidae

Petraliidae is a family of bryozoans belonging to the order Cheilostomatida.

## Genera

Genera:
* Mobunula Gordon, 1989
* Mucropetraliella Stach, 1936
* Orbiculipora Guha & Gopikrishna, 2005
* Peripetraliella Stach, 1936
* Petralia MacGillivray, 1869
* Riscodopa Gordon, 1989
* Sinupetraliella Stach, 1936
* Utinga Marcus, 1949
# Backbench (disambiguation)

Backbench may refer to:
* Backbencher, an elected politician in a parliamentary system who is not a cabinet member
* Backbench (comics), a Canadian political comic strip
* Backbencher (magazine), Indian youth magazine
# Via Laurentina

The Via Laurentina is the name borne by an ancient and a modern road of Italy, both leading southwards from Rome.

## The ancient road

The question of the nomenclature of the group of roads between the Via Ardeatina and the Via Ostiensis is somewhat difficult, and much depends on the view taken as to the site of Laurentum. It seems probable, however, that the Via Laurentina proper is that which led out of the Porta Ardeatina of the Aurelian Wall and went direct to Tor Paterno, while the road branching from the Via Ostiensis at the third mile, and leading past Decimo to Lavinium (Pratica), which crosses the other road at right angles not far from its destination (the Laurentina there running SW and that to Lavinium SE) may for convenience be called Lavinatis, though this name does not occur in ancient times. On this latter road, beyond Decimo, two milestones, one of Tiberius, the other of Maxentius, each bearing the number II, have been found; and farther on, at Capocotta, traces of ancient buildings, and an important sepulchral inscription of a Jewish ruler of a synagogue have come to light. That the Via Laurentina was near the Via Ardeatina is clear from the fact that the same contractor was responsible for both roads. Laurentum was also accessible by a branch from the Via Ostiensis at the eighth mile (at Malafede) leading past Castel Porziano, the President of Republic estate, which is identical with the ancient Ager Solonius (in which, Festus tells us, was situated the Pomonal or sacred grove of Pomona) and which later belonged to Gaius Marius.

## The modern road

The modern road begins in Rome, in the Ostiense district, separating itself from the consular road Via Ostiense precisely under a railway bridge of the Rome–Lido railway and the Rome Metro B underground: this place, at a short distance from the Basilica di San Paolo fuori le mura, was known since the 16th century as the Ponticello di San Paolo, because of a short bridge now covered by the current road that allowed the crossing of the Via Ostiense on the marrana of Grotta Perfetta, which at a short distance from there discharges into the Tiber.
The Via Laurentina, leading towards south, first delimits the border between the districts of Eur (to the west) and Ardeatino and Giuliano-Dalmata (to the east), then between the Fonte Ostiense area and the Giuliano-Dalmata district: it then divides the Vallerano and Castel di Decima areas from the Castel di Leva area. Leaving Rome, at the intersection with the road to Albano, it crosses Santa Procula, a hamlet of Pomezia, then crosses the SS148 state road (via Pontina), which leads to Latina, and finally arrives to Ardea.
After Ardea the road ends at the seaside resort of Tor San Lorenzo where it flows into the SS601 state road Ostia-Anzio (via Litoranea).
Along the road, at km 14, it lies the Laurentino Cemetery. It contains a portion called the Garden of Angels, dedicated to deceased children and unborn babies. Pope Francis said the annual Papal Mass for All Souls Day in the Garden in 2018.
# Magnesium lactate

Magnesium lactate, the magnesium salt of lactic acid.

## Mineral supplement

Magnesium lactate can be used as a mineral supplement to prevent and treat low amounts of magnesium in the blood.
Magnesium lactate may help treat leg muscle cramps in pregnancy.

## Food additive

As a food additive, it has the E number E329 and is used in food and beverages as an acidity regulator.
# Mazkeret Batya Silverbacks

The Mazkeret Batya Silverbacks are a semiprofessional American football team based in Mazkeret Batya, Israel. The Silverbacks compete in the Israel Football League (IFL).

## History

The Silverbacks first played during the 2012–2013 season as the Rehovot Silverbacks. They did not win a single game during their first two seasons and in 2014 they moved to Mazkeret Batya, which is located just five kilometers southeast of Rehovot. They achieved their first ever win in December 2014, when they defeated the Jerusalem Kings.
The Silverbacks reached the playoffs for the first time in 2018 despite only finishing 2-8.
| Season | W | L | T | Result |
| 2012–2013 | 0 | 10 | 0 | Missed playoffs |
| 2013–2014 | 0 | 9 | 0 | Missed playoffs |
| 2014–2015 | 3 | 7 | 0 | Missed playoffs |
| 2015–2016 | 2 | 8 | 0 | Missed playoffs |
| 2016–2017 | 0 | 10 | 0 | Missed playoffs |
| 2017–2018 | 2 | 8 | 0 | Lost Quarterfinals |

## Sponsor

The Silverbacks were once sponsored by Rose Valley CrossFit in Ness Ziona, Israel.
# Wortwell railway station

Wortwell was a station in the small hamlet of Wortwell, Norfolk. It was opened in 1855, as part of the Waveney Valley Line between Tivetshall and Beccles, and closed in 1878.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Redenhall | Great Eastern Railway Waveney Valley Line | Homersfield |
# Powerlifting at the 2009 World Games – Men's super heavyweight

The men's super heavyweight competition in powerlifting at the 2009 World Games took place on 26 July 2009 at the National Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-San Hall in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

## Competition format

A total of 10 athletes entered the competition. Each athlete had 3 attempts in each of 3 events: squat, bench press and deadlift. Athlete, who came with the biggest score in Wilks points is the winner.

## Results

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Weight | Squat | Bench press | Deadlift | Total weight | Total points |
| | Mike Tuchscherer | United States | 121.15 | 410.0 | 272.5 | 375.0 | 1057.5 | 606.63 |
| | Oleksandr Shepel | Ukraine | 125.20 | 420.0 | 260.0 | 367.5 | 1047.5 | 596.76 |
| | Valeriy Karpov | Ukraine | 109.90 | 390.0 | 265.0 | 337.5 | 992.5 | 584.28 |
| 4 | Brad Gillingham | United States | 147.75 | 382.5 | 265.0 | 387.5 | 1035.0 | 573.86 |
| 5 | Tor Herman Omland | Norway | 110.00 | 370.0 | 280.0 | 320.0 | 970.0 | 570.85 |
| 6 | Milan Špingl | Czech Republic | 144.05 | 422.5 | 285.0 | 315.0 | 1022.5 | 568.97 |
| 7 | Jari Martikainen | Finland | 152.00 | 400.0 | 265.0 | 350.0 | 1015.0 | 560.58 |
| 8 | Andy Dörner | Germany | 133.00 | 410.0 | 240.0 | 305.0 | 955.0 | 538.05 |
| 9 | Brian Green | South Africa | 119.90 | 340.0 | 250.0 | 320.0 | 910.0 | 523.25 |
| | Daisuke Midote | Japan | 134.25 | 390.0 | NM | - | DSQ | DSQ |
# Peyton

Peyton may refer to:

## People and fictional characters

* Peyton (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name or surname
* Peyton (musician), American singer-songwriter Peyton Nicole Booker (born 1997)

## Places in the United States

* Peyton, Colorado, an unincorporated town and census-designated place
* Peyton, Claiborne County, Mississippi, an unincorporated community
* Peyton, Tunica County, Mississippi, a ghost town
* Peyton, Texas, an unincorporated community
* Peyton, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
* Fort Peyton, constructed in 1837 to protect the St. Augustine, Florida, area during the Second Seminole War
* Peyton Field at Baker Stadium, Tacoma, Washington, a multi-purpose stadium

## Other uses

* Peyton baronets, five titles, all extinct
* USS Peyton (PF-91), a United States Navy patrol frigate which served in the Royal Navy as the frigate HMS Tortola (K595) from 1944 to 1945
* Peyton Company, a defunct wooden shipbuilding and dry dock company in Newport Beach, California, United States
# Arthur Fehring

Arthur Fehring (4 May 1900 – 19 April 1983) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Richmond Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
In the fourth round of the 1919 season, he played beside his brother Charlie, the only occasion that they would appear together in the same VFL game.
The following year he started at Hawthorn in the VFA before accepting good money to play at Colbinabbin, Victoria.
His brother Charlie Fehring played for Richmond and Essendon.
# Baiyoke Tower I

Baiyoke Tower I is a skyscraper in Bangkok, Thailand. It was completed in 1987 and was the tallest building in Thailand until 1993, when it was surpassed by Sinn Sathorn Tower. Baiyoke Tower is located in on Ratchaprarop Road in the Pratu Nam area of Ratchathewi District, and houses the Baiyoke Suite Hotel. The building is 151 metres (495 ft) high, with 43 floors. Its balconies are distinctively painted in rainbow colors and locked for Hotel guests. The rooftop buffet also features some of the best view over bangkok.
Coordinates 13°45′11″N 100°32′22″E﻿ / ﻿13.753074°N 100.539489°E﻿ / 13.753074; 100.539489
G M 2-9 retail zone G L 7 9-43 guestrooms zone
# Bulgaria at the 2019 World Athletics Championships

Bulgaria competed at the 2019 World Athletics Championships in Doha, Qatar, 27 September–6 October 2019.

## Results
### Men
#### Field events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | Qualification | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Tihomir Ivanov | High jump | 2.26 | 16 | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Georgi Tsonov | Triple jump | 16.61 | 21 | Did not advance | Did not advance |

### Women
#### Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Inna Eftimova | 100 metres | 11.79 | 41 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Ivet Lalova-Collio | 200 metres | 22.79 | 12 Q | 22.58 | 7 Q | 22.77 | 7 |

#### Field events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | Qualification | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Mirela Demireva | High jump | 1.94 | 6 Q | 1.89 | 10 |
| Gabriela Petrova | Triple jump | 13.98 | 16 | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Aleksandra Nacheva | Triple jump | 13.05 | 26 | Did not advance | Did not advance |
# Vertientes Municipal Museum

Vertientes Municipal Museum is a museum located in Vertientes, Cuba. It was established on 16 December 1982.
The museum holds collections on history and weaponry.
# Aguapeí River

Aguapeí River or Aguapey River may refer to:
* Aguapeí River (Mato Grosso), Brazil
* Aguapeí River (São Paulo), Brazil
* Aguapey River, Argentina
# 3dm

3dm or 3DM may refer to:
* 3dm, a tool for performing three-way merging and file comparison of XML files
* 3DM, a Chinese video game piracy group
* 3-dimensional matching, in graph theory
* .3dm, the file format of Rhinoceros 3D graphics software
# Bu Su

Bu Su (ブス, Busu) is a 1987 Japanese film directed by Jun Ichikawa. It is Ichikawa's first feature film.

## Awards

9th Yokohama Film Festival
* Won: Best Actress - Yasuko Tomita
* 2nd Best Film
# Arthur Feltham

Arthur Feltham was a professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s and 1930s. He played at club level for Castleford, during his time at Castleford he scored three 2-point drop goals.
# Bulgaria at the 2019 World Beach Games

Bulgaria competed at the inaugural World Beach Games in Doha, Qatar from 12 to 16 October 2019. In total, athletes representing Bulgaria won one silver medal and the country finished in 23rd place in the medal table.

## Medal summary

Medals by sport :
| Sport | | | | Total |
| Beach wrestling | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |

### Medalists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event |
| Silver | Miglena Selishka | Beach wrestling | Women's 50 kg |
# Via Toronto Maintenance Centre

Via Rail's Toronto Maintenance Centre is a railway yard in the western end of Toronto, which stores and services Via trains. It lies within the south side of the former Canadian National Mimico Yard directly opposite of the Willowbrook Rail Maintenance Facility on the north side; GO Transit's Lakeshore West line separates the two facilities. The yard is bisected by the Islington Avenue flyover bridge. Its main entrance is located at 50 Drummond Street on the eastern side with a secondary entrance on its southern side along New Toronto Street at Eighth Street.
The west end of the yard has an operational railway turntable. A large turnaround wye has been constructed out of an industrial spur on the eastern side that formerly served the Campbell Soup Company plant.
In 1976, Via Rail took over the passenger services of both Canadian National and Canadian Pacific. Originally, Via performed maintenance in Toronto at the CNR Spadina Roundhouse and CPR John Street Roundhouse, both just west of Union Station. In 1985, Via moved to its current maintenance facility in the southern half of the Mimico Yard.
In 2022, Via demonstrated for Trains magazine the locomotive simulator in the centre's training complex.

## Mimico Yard

Both the Via Toronto Maintenance Centre and GO Transit's Willowbrook Rail Maintenance Facility lie in south and north halves respectively of the Mimico Yard. The northern part of the yard is also called the Willowbrook Yard after the nearby Willowbrook Road.
In 1906, the Grand Trunk Railway built the 200-acre (81 ha) Mimico Yard. In 1913, the GTR built a 34-stall roundhouse, a coaling tower and water towers on the south side of the yard. The yard exclusively serviced freight trains, and had facilities to maintain and repair freight cars. Freight trains were assembled and dispatched from the yard. Unlike today, the mainline ran along the north edge of the Mimico Yard.
In 1923, the Canadian National (CN) took over the yard along with the Grand Trunk Railway. In 1965, CN moved most of the yard's functions to the then-new MacMillan Yard in Maple, Ontario.
The Mimico Roundhouse survived to the diesel area, but part of it was rented out to tenants. In March 1965, a fire partly destroyed the roundhouse with the remainder being demolished by 1969. Today, a turntable sits at the site of the former roundhouse, but it was built years after the roundhouse's demolition.
GO Transit started using the Mimico Yard in 1967, and in 1978 opened its Willowbrook Rail Maintenance Facility in the Willowbrook Yard, the name given to the northern half of the Mimico Yard. In 1985, Via Rail opened its Toronto Maintenance Centre in the southern half of the yard. By this time, the mainline was running through the middle of the Mimico Yard, separating the GO Transit and Via Rail facilities.
# Mitchell Galin

Mitchell Galin is an American film and television producer. He is best known for his work on Stephen King's The Stand for ABC and Frank Herbert's Dune for Syfy.
He currently runs Epiphany Pictures.

## Selected filmography

* Tales from the Darkside (1985)
* Creepshow 2 (1987)
* Pet Sematary (1989)
* Tales from the Darkside: The Movie (1990)
* Golden Years (1991)
* Stephen King's The Stand (1994)
* The Langoliers (1995)
* Thinner (1996)
* Frank Herbert's Dune (2000)
* Apostles of Comedy (2008)
* Journey to Everest (2010)
* Honoring a Father's Dream: Sons of Lwala (2011)
* The Shunning (2011)
* Apostles of Comedy: Onwards and Upwards (2013)
* Norman Rockwell's Shuffleton Barbershop (2013)
* Living Hope (2014)
# 3dmiX

3dmiX is a computer program for BeOS that displays each track of an audio as an object on the virtual 3D sound stage and allows the users to modify its panning and volume by dragging the object around. The program was previously named 3dsound and also Benoit's Mix after its creator, Benoit Schillings, now CTO at Google X. The program is often cited as an example of a cool application for BeOS.
# Magner

Magner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aron Magner, American musician with Disco Biscuits
* Colm Magner, Canadian actor, writer, and director
* Francis Joseph Magner (1887–1947), American Roman Catholic bishop
* John Magner, baseball player
* Michael Magner (1840–1897), Irish soldier, recipient of the Victoria Cross
* Stubby Magner, baseball player
* Ted Magner (1891–1948), English football manager
* Thomas F. Magner, U.S. Representative from New York state
* William Magner, Irish cider manufacturer, connected with Magners
# Sanjay Gandhi Memorial College

Sanjay Gandhi Memorial College, established in 1980, is a general degree college in Ranchi, Jharkhand state of India. This college is managed by Jharkhand Social And Educational Development Association. It provides undergraduate education in arts, commerce and sciences, and affiliated to Ranchi University.

## Departments
### Science

* Chemistry
* Physics
* Mathematics
* Botany
* Zoology

### Arts and Commerce

* Hindi
* English
* Sanskrit
* History
* Political Science
* Philosophy
* Anthropology
* Geography
* Economics
* Psychology
* Home Science
* Commerce
# Powertrain Ltd

Powertrain Ltd was a British company based in Birmingham which made some cars, manufactured and marketed car engines and transmissions. The company was owned by MG Rover Group and Phoenix Venture Holdings and was based in the South Works at Rover's Longbridge plant. The companies main products were the K-Series four-cylinder petrol engine, KV6 six-cylinder petrol engine and the L-Series four-cylinder diesel engine. The company mainly produced engines for MG Rover between 2000 and 2005 but also supplied Land Rover with the L-Series and K-Series engines for the Land Rover Freelander which was developed by Rover Group in the 1990s during the ownership by BMW and British Aerospace. As well as Land Rover, K-Series engines were also supplied to many small mass production car companies like MG Rover such as FSO and SAPIA.

## History

The company was formed as part of MG Rover Group after the sale of the Rover and MG assets from BMW to Phoenix Venture Holdings for £10.00 in 2000 when BMW broke up the Rover Group. The MG Rover Group had to purchase the Powertrain business from BMW after 2000 for a separate sum of money to the £10.00 for the MG Rover business. Before the administration of Powertrain Limited, the MG Rover Group and its parent company, PVH sold the assets of the K-Series four and six cylinder engine to SAIC for £67 Million when the 25 and 75 platforms and technology were also sold to SAIC.
The company was placed into administration on the 8 April 2005. On 22 July 2005 the joint administrators PricewaterhouseCoopers announced the sale of the assets of Powertrain and the MG Rover Group to Nanjing Automobile (Group) Corporation.
Prior to the company going into administration, the Health and Safety Executive reported 101 cases of a respiratory disease outbreak at its Longbridge factory.
Powertrain produced engines for the MG Rover Group, Land Rover and several other companies around the world due to the success of the K-Series engine

## Products

Their main products were:
* K-series four-cylinder unleaded engines
* KV6 V6 unleaded engine
* L-series turbo diesel engine
* PG1 gearbox
* Land Rover Freelander L-series turbo diesel
* Land Rover Freelander K-series unleaded engines
In addition to supplying engines and transmissions to MG and Rover cars, Powertrain Ltd also supplied engines to other vehicle manufacturers including Land Rover, Lotus Cars, Poland FSO (K-series), and Caterham Cars.