OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1955 Basque Pelota World Championships

The 1955 Basque Pelota World Championships were the 2nd edition of the Basque Pelota World Championships, organized by the FIPV.

## Participating nations

* Argentina
* Chile
* Cuba
* France
* Mexico
* Spain
* Uruguay

## Events

A total of 12 events were disputed, in 4 playing areas.
Trinquete, 4 events disputed
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Hand-pelota (individual) | A. Iraizos | M. Etchemendy | - |
| Hand-pelota (pairs) | M. Etchemendy, M. Vigneau | F. Bengoechea, J. Unanue | - |
| Paleta goma (men's) | R. Novoa, Dellecassagrande | G. Pereira, A. Pardo | - |
| Paleta cuero | J. Labat, W. Arrinda | E. Arce, J. Clairacq | - |
Fronton (30 m), 2 events disputed
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Paleta goma (men's) | J. Labat, W. Arrinda | J. Becerril, J. Beltran | - |
| Frontenis (men's) | J. Becerril, J. Garibay | J. Berdinas, A. Carocella | - |
Fronton (36 m), 4 events disputed
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Hand-pelota (individual) | M. Moreno "Del Val" | P. Laxague | - |
| Hand-pelota (pairs) | J. Ezcurra, F. Echave | M. Etchemendy, D. Olhasso | - |
| Paleta cuero | V. Sola, S. Aristi | E. Arte, J. Clairacq | - |
| Pala corta | J. C.Artola, S. Aristi | F. Pardo, J. Ramos | - |
Fronton (54 m), 2 events disputed
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Jai alai | R. Montes, A. Lopez | J. Hernandez, A. de la Rosa | - |
| Pala larga | V. Sola, F. Huarte | F. Pardo, J. Ramos | - |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Spain | 5 | 2 | - | 7 |
| 2 | Argentina | 3 | 1 | - | 4 |
| 3 | Mexico | 2 | 3 | - | 5 |
| 4 | France | 1 | 5 | - | 6 |
| 5 | Uruguay (host nation) | 1 | 1 | - | 2 |
# Zoltán Trepák

Zoltán Trepák (born 20 February 1977) is a Hungarian former professional basketball player.

## Career

He started to play basketball in Csepel, but after one year the team disappeared from the sport field, he went to Szombathely to Falco KC. He spent there three years, then he played four years in Szolnok. After these years, he contracted to Kaposvár for three years. Still during the Szolnok years played first in the national team, in 2001. After six years he played again there, now he is a 15 times national player. After Kaposvár he played in Nyíregyháza, between 2006 and 2008, in 2008 he went to Zalaegerszeg.
10 January 2008 he played his best in the cup match against the Slovakian Spišská Nová Ves, he got 28 points. In 2014, Trepak played for Sopron KC where he gained 120 points in 35 games and 386 played minutes for his team.
# Skogsvåg

Skogsvågen or Skogsvåg is a village in Øygarden municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the eastern coast of the island of Sotra in the northern part of the municipality, just northeast of the village of Hammarsland. The village is the site of Sund senter (a shopping center), Skogsvåg kindergarten, Skogsvåg stadium for football and athletics, Sotra Upper Secondary School, and the Sund og Sundheimen nursing home.
The village was the administrative centre of Sund municipality until 2020.
The 0.49-square-kilometre (120-acre) village has a population (2019) of 555 and a population density of 1,133 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,930/sq mi).
# Orasturmia

Orasturmia is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Orasturmia vallicola Reinhard, 1947

## Distribution

United States.
# Back end

Back end, back-end or backend may refer to:

## Electronics
### Computing

* Back end (computing), the data access layer in software architecture
* Back-end CASE
* Back-end database, a database accessed indirectly through an external application
* Back-end processor, hardware that stores and retrieves data from a database

### Integrated circuits

* Back-end design, in electronic circuit design flow
* Back end of line, in integrated circuit fabrication

## Other uses

* Archaic northern English dialect word for autumn
* Back end load, a mutual fund fee
* "Back End" (song), by Finesse2tymes
* "Backend" (song), a song on DaBaby's album Baby on Baby
* Slang for buttocks, an anatomical feature
# Académie internationale d'Héraldique

L'Académie internationale d'Héraldique (known in English as the International Academy of Heraldry) was founded in Paris in 1949 to bring together experts in heraldry representing the various areas of the world. Admission is by election, and the number of active academicians is limited to 75. There is no limit to the number of associate members.
The general assembly usually meets once a year, and the headquarters of L'Académie are in Switzerland. The Académie's aim is to centralize the heraldic studies on the basis of the largest possible international cooperation. Applications for admission are addressed to L'Académie in writing and must have the sponsorship of to members of the Council. On a bi-yearly basis, the Académie holds the International Heraldic Colloquium. Recent colloquia have been held in Antwerp (2019) and Copenhagen (2017).
Current president (since 2022) is Elizabeth Roads (UK) with Peter Kurrild-Klitgaard as secretary general.

## Prominent members of L'Académie

* Luigi Borgia (born in Rome in 1941 and died in Arezzo in 2023, former director of the State Archive of Arezzo and professor of heraldry at the School of Archival and Paleography of the State Archive of Florence)
* Claire Boudreau
* D'Arcy Boulton
* Cecil Humphery-Smith
* Michel Pastoureau
* Hervé Pinoteau (former vice president of the Académie Internationale d'Héraldique and historian).
* Elizabeth Roads
* Gerard Slevin
* Hallvard Trætteberg
* Auguste Vachon
* Robert Watt
# Valentina de Angelis

Valentina de Angelis (born June 12, 1989) is an American actress. She is perhaps best known for her role as Young Bo in the 2003 film Off the Map, her first major acting role. In 2009, she had a recurring role as Carmen Fortier in the series Gossip Girl. The following year, she appeared in the soap opera As the World Turns as Faith Snyder.

## Life and career

Born in Manhattan, de Angelis began her professional career as a child model. She is an alum of Professional Children's School.
In 2003, de Angelis had her first major acting role as Young Bo in the Campbell Scott-directed film Off the Map co-starring with Sam Elliott and Joan Allen.
She has had number of acting roles in television series filmed in New York City area. Those series include Love Monkey, Law & Order, CSI: NY, Blue Bloods and Person of Interest. Along with having recurring roles in Gossip Girl and As the World Turns in 2009 and 2010, respectively. In 2009, she made a guest appearance in CSI: Crime Scene Investigation.
Her other film credits include Bereavement, Camp Hope (also known as Camp Hell) and It's Kind of a Funny Story. All of which were released in 2010.
She also appeared in the role of Jenna in the film The Midnight Game which was released on August 12, 2014, by Anchor Bay Entertainment.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2003 | Off the Map | Young Bo | |
| 2005 | Liminality | Jenni | Short film |
| 2006 | Love Monkey | Girl #1 | Episode: "Coming Out" |
| 2005–2008 | Law & Order | Katie Conlan / Rebecca Rossi | Episodes: "Criminal Law", "Darkness" |
| 2008 | CSI: NY (video game) | Libby Drake | Legacy Interactive video game |
| 2009 | CSI: Crime Scene Investigation | Rio | Episode: "Disarmed and Dangerous" |
| 2009 | Gossip Girl | Carmen Fortier | Recurring role, 5 episodes |
| 2010 | Bereavement | Melissa | |
| 2010 | Camp Hope | Melissa | |
| 2010 | As the World Turns | Faith Snyder | Recurring role, 40 episodes |
| 2010 | It's Kind of a Funny Story | Jenna (uncredited) | |
| 2011 | Blue Bloods | Nikolina | Episode: "Mercy" |
| 2011 | Person of Interest | Theresa Whitaker | Episode: "Ghosts" |
| 2011 | CSI: NY | Libby Drake | Episode: "Crushed" |
| 2013 | The Midnight Game | Jenna | |
| 2013 | Deep Dark Canyon (film) | Jamie | |
| 2016 | Everlasting | Jessie | |
# Morgentaler v R

Morgentaler v R (also known as Morgentaler v The Queen) is a decision of the Supreme Court of Canada where physician Henry Morgentaler unsuccessfully challenged the prohibition of abortion in Canada under the federal Criminal Code. The Court found the abortion law was appropriately passed by Parliament under the laws of federalism. This was the first of three Supreme Court decisions on abortion that were brought by Morgentaler.

## Background

Morgentaler was prosecuted, for openly providing abortions, by the provincial government of Quebec three times, but they failed to secure a conviction at a jury trial:
* The first Quebec case was in 1973. Morgentaler used the defence of necessity, that abortions were necessary for his patients' life or health. The jury acquitted him. However, Quebec's provincial appeal court reversed the acquittal and replaced it with a conviction and a prison term.
* In 1975, a jury in Quebec again found Morgentaler not guilty. However, Morgentaler was already in prison. In 1975, under Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, the law of Canada was changed so that courts could not replace a jury acquittal by a conviction (however, appeal courts can still overturn an acquittal and order a new trial). This is called the Morgentaler Amendment.
* After Morgentaler was released from prison, Quebec again brought a case against him. A jury acquitted him for the third time. In 1976, the Parti Québécois was elected and announced that it would not prosecute Morgentaler, so the repeated prosecutions came to an end.
Morgentaler challenged the law on two grounds. First, on the grounds that modern abortion techniques were no longer a threat to the woman's health so the dangers that the law was intending to protect no longer applied and consequently the law no longer had a valid criminal purpose required under the federal government's criminal law-making power under section 91(27) of the Constitution Act, 1867. Second, on the grounds that the provisions violated the Canadian Bill of Rights.

## Reasons of the court

The Court, split 6 to 3, held that the abortion provisions were still valid as there was still a criminal law purpose in prohibiting abortion even without there being a danger to the woman. The general purpose of the law was to "protect the state interest and the foetus", which was sufficient to invoke the criminal law power under the Constitution.
The Court also rejected the challenge on the basis that it violated the Bill of Rights.

## Aftermath

It would not be until 13 years later, after the introduction of the Charter, that Morgentaler successfully challenged the provisions in the decision of R. v. Morgentaler (1988).
In 1993, Morgentaler also successfully challenged a provincial attempt to regulate abortion in the decision of R. v. Morgentaler (1993).
# Bademli, Nurdağı

Bademli is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Nurdağı, Gaziantep Province, Turkey. Its population is 494 (2022).
# Pierre Granger

Pierre Granger is a former Canadian television journalist, who was an anchor and reporter for Radio-Canada and TFO.
Originally from Montreal, Granger first moved to Ontario to study political science at the University of Windsor. He subsequently became a reporter and anchor for Radio-Canada's stations in Ontario, eventually becoming the primary anchor of Le Téléjournal Ontario. He joined TFO in 1996 as anchor of the network's nightly newsmagazine Panorama, until his retirement from the series in 2009. After retiring from the series he planned to become a freelance writer.
# Skogsön

Skogsön is an island in the Stockholm archipelago in Sweden. Rindö island lies to its north, Tynningö island to its south-west, Ramsö island to its north-west, and the Oxdjupet strait [sv] to its east. Administratively, it is in Vaxholm Municipality and Stockholm County.
Skogsön has no road connection to the mainland or other islands. It is served throughout the year by passenger ships of the Waxholmsbolaget, which call at piers at Skogsö Södra and Skogsö Udde, providing a connection to Vaxholm town and Stockholm city.

## Gallery

* The east of the island, with Skogsö Södra pier in foreground
* Cruise ship in the Oxdjupet strait, with Skogsön to left
# Waves (Luke Bryan song)

"Waves" is a song recorded by American country music artist Luke Bryan, it was released as the fifth single on April 12, 2021, from the deluxe version of his seventh studio album Born Here Live Here Die Here. The song was written by Chase McGill, Ryan Hurd and Zach Crowell, and produced by Jeff Stevens and Jody Stevens. “Waves” was certified “Gold” July 2022, crossing 500,000 units sold.

## Content

In a press release, Bryan explained: "'Waves' is a song about kids falling in love during the summer and just all the images and everything about how beautiful that summer love is and how the emotions just keep coming in waves, 'Waves' is kind of a play on words, and I fell in love with the song the second I heard it."

## Critical reception

Billy Dukes of Taste of Country called "Waves" a serious romance song with a more creative melody than Bryan's previous single "Sunrise, Sunburn, Sunset", which was also written by McGill, Hurd and Crowell.

## Music video

The music video was released on April 9, 2021, directed by Dano Cerny. It was filmed on the beach in Malibu, California.

## Live performance

On May 16, 2021, Bryan performed the song on American Idol, on which he serves as a judge.

## Certifications

Certifications for Waves :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Back construction

Back-construction may refer to the (somewhat related) terms:
* Back-formation
* Backronym
# Académie des sciences, des arts, des cultures d'Afrique et des diasporas africaines

The Académie des sciences, des arts, des cultures d'Afrique et des diasporas africaines (ASCAD), created on 1 September 2003 in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, is an African cultural institution whose objective is to contribute to the development and influence of science, arts, African culture and that of the African diaspora. It is also aimed at economic growth and social progress. Its members include scientists, philosophers, writers, artists and inventors.
The ASCAD has assumed the membership of the Fédération des Associations Scientfiiques de Côte d'Ivoire, a predecessor body Associate of International Council for Science (ICSU) since 1992.

## Organisation

The ASCAD is divided into several fields, each with a secretary: exact sciences, natural science, social science, legal science and art. It is, administratively, attached to the Ivorian Presidency.

## Research Prize and scholarships

Since 2011, ASCAD has been running a contest each year, with the winner receiving the "ASCAD Award of Excellence for Research" with a cash prize.
In 2013, the first edition of the ASCAD Research Scholarships was launched. These scholarships are intended for those of scientific, cultural or artistic activities on national strategic interest.

## Successive presidents

* Harris Memel-Fotê, from August 19, 2004 to May 11, 2008;
* Barthélémy Kotchy, former Vice President, President from December 11, 2008 to June 2015;
* Aïdara Daouda, from June 2015 to June 2018;
* Antoine Hauhouot Asseypo, since June 2018.
# Refuting ISIS

Refuting ISIS: A Rebuttal Of Its Religious And Ideological Foundations is a 2015 book by Muhammad al-Yaqoubi, a Syrian Islamic scholar and regarded among the 500 most influential Muslims, presents a response to ISIS' ideology and crimes.

## Content

Al-Yaqoubi argues that members of ISIS have left Sunni Islam and draws parallels with the ISIS movement and the Khawarij. He also argued that Muslims are obligated to fight ISIS, since the group had both "unlawfully" spilled blood and had ignored advice pointing out their theological errors.

### Slavery

Al-Yaquobi argues that the ISIS' enslavement of non-Muslims is impermissible. This is because slavery is banned under international agreements which resemble the Prophet's own Hilf al-Fudul or "League of the Virtuous." According to Al-Yaqoubi, Muslim rulers are entitled to enter reciprocal agreements of this kind that ban slavery, and Muslims are bound by their terms. Since groups such as the Yazidis have not violated these agreements by enslaving Muslims, their enslavement is not supported by the principles of Sharia.

### Destruction of sites

Al-Yaqoubi argues that ISIS's destruction of Mosques and tombs are in direct contravention of the Quranic proclamation in 2:114 "And who are more unjust than those who prevent the name of Allah from being mentioned in His Mosques and strive toward their destruction?". He refutes ISIS claims that these sites are idolatrous since erecting mausoleums for Prophets and saints is not the same as apportioning divinity to them. He also argues that the destruction of synagogues and churches falls foul of Quranic commandments.

### Torture

Al-Yaqoubi condemns ISIS's treatment of prisoners as unlawful according to the Sharia. He claims that the mutilation of prisoners' bodies was ruled impermissible in a prophetic Hadith. Similarly, he argues that the torture and the killing of prisoners, the killing of innocents, and the killing of foreigners who had entered Muslim lands under the security of Muslims, are all expressly forbidden under Islamic Law.
# Morgenzeitung

Can mean one of the following German morning newspapers:
* Berliner Morgenzeitung published in Berlin, Germany
* Braunschweiger Morgenzeitung published in Braunschweig, Germany
* Wiener Morgenzeitung published in Vienna, Austria
* Ostrauer Morgenzeitung in Ostrava, Czech Republic
# 2011 Clásica de Almería

The 2011 Clásica de Almería was the 26th edition of the Clásica de Almería cycle race and was held on 27 February 2011. The race started and finished in Almería. The race was won by Matteo Pelucchi.

## General classification

| Rank | Rider | Time |
| 1 | Matteo Pelucchi (ITA) | 4h 22' 56" |
| 2 | José Joaquín Rojas (ESP) | + 0" |
| 3 | Pim Ligthart (NED) | + 0" |
| 4 | Christophe Laborie (FRA) | + 0" |
| 5 | Bartłomiej Matysiak (POL) | + 0" |
| 6 | Aitor Galdós (ESP) | + 0" |
| 7 | Diego Milán (DOM) | + 0" |
| 8 | Robert Förster (GER) | + 0" |
| 9 | Michał Gołaś (POL) | + 0" |
| 10 | Juan José Lobato (ESP) | + 0" |
# Quiana

Quiana and Quianna is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Quianna Chaney (born 1986), American basketball player
* Quiana Grant (born 1982), American model
* Quiana Lynell (born 1981), American blues and jazz singer, arranger, and songwriter
* Quiana Smith, American stage actress
# Odelsrett

The Odelsrett is an ancient Scandinavian allodial title which has survived in Norway as odelsrett and existed until recent times in Sweden as bördsrätt.
The Norwegian law stipulates the right, when a farm is to be sold, of any member of the family, by the principle of primogeniture, to buy it, consistent with Åsetesrett.
If the property is sold to a stranger, family members have the right within a specified period of time (which varies over history, but ten years can be considered typical of recent usage) to redeem it at the price paid, with the additional cost of the improvements.
If there is controversy, appraisers are appointed.
Later law modified this, so that an owner selling his farm may determine whether he renounces for himself and heirs this right.
It has been argued that this law served as a mainstay to the long-lasting agrarian culture in Norway.

## History

Arnfinn Kjelland provides a historical perspective:
       “(For a) farm (to) become allodium by gain, it must have been owned by the same family for a specific period of time, without objection by or claim from an earlier owner with allodium. According to the oldest regional law, Gulatingsloven, a farm became allodium property after 6 generations' ownership. A farm could also be redeemed by a member of the previous owner's family (if they had gained allodium) during the same period of time, after it had been sold. In the first national law of Norway (1274) the period (both to gain allodium and redemption) is reduced to 60 years; in 1604 to 30 years; in 1687 to 20 years to gain, and 10 years to redeem; in 1811 an attempt to remove the allodium was tried, but the Constitution of 1814 stated that allodium is everlasting.
       "It is necessary to distinguish between regular ownership to a farm, and allodium. You may buy a farm, but you should be prepared to give it up if a member of the seller's family, who has allodium, claims his or her right to redeem it. This still happens in Norway, maybe once every 5–10 years in any community.”
Allodial title did not exclusively serve to ensure that land merely stayed in a particular family. It also offered daughters some protection when their inheritance rights were threatened by male relatives. If the father sold the land to his male relatives in an effort to avoid the transfer of land from his family to the daughters who were closer in succession, the daughters had a right to buy it back from the male relatives.
# Pierre Granier-Deferre

Pierre Granier-Deferre (27 July 1927 – 16 November 2007) was a French film director and screenwriter
His 1971 film Le Chat (The Cat) won the Best Actor and Best Actress awards at the 21st Berlin International Film Festival. His 1964 film The Adventures of Salavin won the Silver Shell for Best Actor at the 12th San Sebastian International Film Festival.

## Family

Granier-Deferre married Annie Fratellini, who starred in his film La Métamorphose des cloportes. They had one daughter, Valerie.
He had two children with his second wife, Susan Hampshire, an English actress: a son, Christopher, a producer/director, and a daughter, Victoria, who died shortly after birth. Granier-Deferre is also the father of Denys Granier-Deferre, a director/actor, whose mother is Denise Leve.
He is also the father to three other daughters.

## Filmography

[D] = Director; [W] = Writer
* 1962: Le Petit garçon de l'ascenseur [D], [W]
* 1964: The Adventures of Salavin
* 1965: La Métamorphose des cloportes [D], [W], with Lino Ventura, Charles Aznavour
* 1965: Paris au mois d'août [D], [W], with Charles Aznavour
* 1967: Le Grand Dadais [fr] [D], [W]
* 1970: La Horse [D], [W], with Jean Gabin
* 1971: Le Chat [D], [W], with Jean Gabin, Simone Signoret
* 1971: La Veuve Couderc [D], [W], with Simone Signoret, Alain Delon
* 1973: Le Fils [fr] [D], [W], with Yves Montand
* 1973: Le Train [D], [W], with Jean-Louis Trintignant, Romy Schneider
* 1974: La Race des seigneurs [D], [W], with Alain Delon
* 1975: La Cage [fr] [D], [W], with Lino Ventura, Ingrid Thulin
* 1975: Adieu poulet [D], with Lino Ventura, Patrick Dewaere
* 1976: Une femme à sa fenêtre [D], [W], with Romy Schneider
* 1976: Le Toubib [D], [W], with Alain Delon, Véronique Jannot
* 1981: Une étrange affaire [D], [W], with Gérard Lanvin, Michel Piccoli
* 1982: L'Étoile du Nord [D], [W], with Simone Signoret, Philippe Noiret
* 1983: L'Ami de Vincent [fr] [D], [W], with Philippe Noiret, Jean Rochefort, Françoise Fabian
* 1985: L'Homme aux yeux d'argent [D], [W], with Alain Souchon
* 1986: Cours privé [D], [W], with Michel Aumont, Élizabeth Bourgine
* 1987: Noyade interdite [fr] [D], [W], with Philippe Noiret
* 1988: La Couleur du vent [D]
* 1990: L'Autrichienne [D], with Ute Lemper
* 1995: Le Petit Garçon [D]
* 1992: la Voix [D], [W]
* 1992: Archipel [D], [W]
* 1995: Maigret et la vente à la bougie (TV) [D], [W], with Bruno Cremer
* 1996: La Dernière Fête (TV) [D], [W], with Bruno Cremer
* 1997: Maigret et l'enfant de chœur (TV) [D], [W], with Bruno Cremer
* 2001: Maigret et la fenêtre ouverte (TV) [D], with Bruno Cremer