OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Welham Green

Welham Green is a village in the parish of North Mymms, Hertfordshire, England. It is situated a mile to the west of the Great North Road coaching route that used to run through the neighbouring hamlet of Bell Bar from London to York and the north. The Great North Road has since been replaced as the main artery by the A1(M). Even so, Welham Green has developed into a small village over the last 100 years, helped by the 1986 opening of its own railway station between Brookmans Park and Hatfield on the East Coast Main Line. Recent housing development has portended the joining of the village with the neighbouring town of Hatfield. Some residents, including the North Mymms Green Belt Society, wishing to maintain Welham Green's character, have resisted such development.

## First balloon landing in England

In the village, on the corner of Huggins Lane and Parsonage Lane, is a stone plinth marking the brief landing at 3.30pm on 15 September 1784, of the Italian balloonist Vincenzo Lunardi. The actual spot where the first hydrogen filled balloon flight over England touched down is almost three miles away opposite Queenswood School north of Shepherds Way (B157) to the south-east of Brookmans Park. The plinth states that on landing Lunardi handed to a local resident a cat and a dog that had accompanied him from London, before re-ascending and continuing north east. According to witness statements at the time, the cat, which had become ill, was cared for by a local girl who had been working in the cornfield where the balloon touched down.
The plinth reads:
Near this spot at 3.30 in the afternoon of September 15, 1784 Vincenzo Lunardi the Italian Balloonist made his first landing whilst on his pioneer flight in the English atmosphere. Having handed out a cat and dog the partners of his flight from London he re-ascended and continued North Eastward.

## Public transport

The village is served by Welham Green railway station and local bus services provided by Uno, Centrebus and Sullivan Buses.
# Nathan Hale (journalist)

Nathan Hale (16 August 1784 – 9 February 1863) was an American journalist and newspaper publisher who introduced regular editorial comment as a newspaper feature.

## Life and career

Born in Westhampton, Massachusetts, Hale graduated from Williams College in 1804, and then was a tutor for two years at Phillips Exeter Academy. He moved to Boston, where he was admitted to the bar in 1810, and practiced law for four years. He began to co-edit The Weekly Messenger in 1813 and founded the Boston Daily Advertiser that same year, serving as editor and publisher until his death in 1863. Hale was one of the founders of the North American Review in 1815 and the Christian Examiner in 1823. In 1842, he was asked by the firm of Bradbury, Soden and Company to suggest an editor for a new monthly magazine they were planning to publish, The Boston Miscellany; Hale named his 21-year-old son, Nathan Hale, Jr., as its founding editor. Hale was active in promoting industrial improvement, especially the Boston and Albany Railroad and diverting the Lake Cochituate for potable water in the Back Bay, the Neck and the South Cove.
His alliance to the Federalist Party continued until its dissolution, after which Hale sided with the Whig Party and eventually the Republican Party. He opposed the Missouri Compromise, the Kansas-Nebraska Bill, and Scott v. Sanford. Hale served in the Massachusetts State Legislature.
In 1819, Hale was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was also an active member of the Massachusetts Historical Society.

## Publications

He published a map of New England in 1825, and a series of stereotype maps on a plan of his own invention in 1830, being the first maps with names printed in page with type made by the founders. He also published Journal of Debates and Proceedings in the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention (Boston, 1821), and numerous pamphlets on the practicability of railroads, on canals, and other topics.

## Family

He married Sarah Preston Everett (sister of Edward Everett) in 1816. Their children included Sarah Everett Hale, Nathan Hale, Jr. (12 November 1818 in Boston - 9 January 1871), Lucretia Peabody Hale, Edward Everett Hale, Charles Hale, Alexander Hale, and Susan Hale. Nathan Sr. was also the nephew of Revolutionary War hero Nathan Hale.
Hale was the maternal uncle of Otis Clapp, who started his career working for Hale at the Boston Daily Advertiser.
# SOCRATES (pain assessment)

SOCRATES is a mnemonic acronym used by emergency medical services, physicians, nurses, and other health professionals to evaluate the nature of pain that a patient is experiencing.

## Uses

SOCRATES is used to gain an insight into the patient's condition, and to allow the health care provider to develop a plan for dealing with it. It can be useful for differentiating between nociceptive pain and neuropathic pain.

## Adverse effects

SOCRATES only focuses on the physical effects of pain, and ignores the social and emotional effects of pain.

## Procedure

SOCRATES :
| Letter | Aspect | Example Questions |
| S | Site | Where is the pain? Or the maximal site of the pain. |
| O | Onset | When did the pain start, and was it sudden or gradual? Include also whether it is progressive or regressive. |
| C | Character | What is the pain like? An ache? Stabbing? |
| R | Radiation | Does the pain radiate anywhere? |
| A | Associations | Any other signs or symptoms associated with the pain? |
| T | Time course | Does the pain follow any pattern? |
| E | Exacerbating / relieving factors | Does anything change the pain? |
| S | Severity | How bad is the pain? |

## History

SOCRATES is often poorly used by health care providers. Although pain assessments usually cover many or most of the aspects, they rarely included all 8 aspects.
# Maridi Airport

Maridi Airport is an airport serving Maridi in Western Equatoria, South Sudan.

## Location

Maridi Airport (IATA: n/a, ICAO: HSMD) is located in Maridi East County in Western Equatoria, in the town of Maridi, near the International border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This location lies approximately 236 kilometres (147 mi), by air, west of Juba International Airport, South Sudan's largest airport. The geographic coordinates of this airport are: 4° 54' 0.00" N, 29° 26' 24.00"E (Latitude: 4.9000; Longitude: 29.4400). Maridi Airport is situated 700 metres (2,300 ft) above sea level.

## Overview

Maridi Airport is a small civilian airport that serves the town of Maridi and surrounding communities. A flood in 1993 destroyed the easternmost portion of the runway. A packed dirt strip was hastily built; however, a permanent fix has not been created yet.
# Siddapur

Siddapur, Sidapur, Siddapura, or Sidapura are names of a number of towns, villages and administrative divisions in India. They include;
* Siddapura, Uttara Kannada
** Siddapur taluk, an administrative region of Uttara Kannada
* Siddapur, Savanur taluk, Haveri
* Siddapura, Bangalore
* Siddapur, Belgaum, Karnataka
* Siddapur, Bagalkot, Bilagi Taluka, Bagalkot district, Karnataka
* Siddapura, Kodagu, Karnataka
* Siddapur, Koppala, Karnataka
* Siddapura, Udupi, Karnataka
* Siddapur, Vijayapur
# William Chadwick (painter)

William Chadwick (1879–August 3, 1962) was an American Impressionist painter known for his landscape paintings. In 1884 his family emigrated from England to Holyoke, Massachusetts as his father, Day Chadwick, relocated his woolen goods business to avoid tariffs, opening the Chadwick Plush Company with his uncle John, and 70 imported workers, later renaming the business the Holyoke Plush Company. It was in Holyoke where the young Chadwick would complete his schooling and developed an interest in art. Subsequently, studying under Joseph DeCamp and John Henry Twachtman at the Art Students League of New York, he became a member of the Old Lyme art colony. Although his artwork was not a contemporary commercial success, following his death it found renewed interest nationally in retrospective gallery installations. Today his works may be found in the Mattatuck Museum in Waterbury, Connecticut, as well as the George Walter Vincent Smith Art Museum in Springfield, Massachusetts, and the Smithsonian American Art Museum in Washington, D.C. In addition to their collection holdings, Chadwick's studio remains extant at the Florence Griswold Museum in Old Lyme, Connecticut, open to visitors from April to October.
# Mercedes Department

Mercedes Department is a department of Corrientes Province in Argentina.
The provincial subdivision has a population of about 39,206 inhabitants in an area of 9,588 square kilometres (3,702 sq mi), and its capital city is Mercedes, which is located around 700 kilometres (435 mi) from Buenos Aires.
It is the site of the Battle of Caaguazú during the Argentine Civil War in 1841.

## Settlements

* Felipe Yofré
* Mariano I. Loza
* Mercedes
# Wataze

Wataze may refer to:
* Nishitetsu Wataze Station, train station in Ōmuta, Fukuoka
* Wataze Station, railway station on the Kagoshima Main Line in Miyama, Fukuoka Prefecture
# Tömük Creek

Tömük Creek (also called Karakız) is an irregular-flow creek in Turkey.
It is in Erdemli ilçe (district) of Mersin Province. The upper reaches are in Toros Mountains at 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) altitude. However, after the construction of Karakız Lake now it is fed by the lake Its main course is toward south east. After flowing through Karahıdırlı and Tömük it flows to Mediterranean Sea at 36°38′34″N 34°22′38″E﻿ / ﻿36.64278°N 34.37722°E﻿ / 36.64278; 34.37722. The creek supplies the water to the agricultural area around Tömük
# Sagittaria macrocarpa

Sagittaria macrocarpa, commonly called the large-fruited arrowhead, is an aquatic plant species known only from the US states of North Carolina and South Carolina.
# Mares Province

The Mares Province is a province of the Colombian Department of Santander.
# SS Nathan B. Forrest

SS Nathan B. Forrest was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Nathan B. Forrest, a Confederate Army general during the American Civil War.

## Construction

Nathan B. Forrest was laid down on 2 October 1943, under a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MC hull 1539, by J.A. Jones Construction, Panama City, Florida; she was launched on 13 November 1943.

## History

She was allocated to American Export Lines Inc., on 29 December 1943. She was one of eight special ships, a Z-EC2-S-C2, a Tank carrier. She was built with larger cargo hold hatches and stronger crane lifts. J.A.Jones Construction built the eight Z-EC2-S-C2 Tank carrier in 1943.
On 30 October 1945, she was laid up in the National Defense Reserve Fleet, in the James River Group, Lee Hall, Virginia. On 31 July 1972, she was sold for $75,600 to N.V. Intershitra, Rotterdam, for scrapping. She was removed from the fleet on 21 August 1972.
# Mixed Emotions (band)

Mixed Emotions was a German pop music group formed in 1986 by vocalists Drafi Deutscher (9 May 1946 – 9 June 2006) and Oliver Simon (14 May 1957 – 31 July 2013). Deutscher sang, wrote/co-wrote and produced/co-produced all Mixed Emotions' songs, many of which were co-written with regular producer and musical contributor Christopher Evans Ironside.
Their best known hit is probably that from their first year, the song "You Want Love (Maria, Maria)". Other well-known songs are "Bring Back (Sha Na Na)", "Sweetheart - Darlin' My Dear", "Just for You" and "I Never Give Up". After five best selling singles and two successful albums, the group split in 1989.
In 1991, Drafi Deutscher decided to continue with a new member, Andreas Martin, under a slightly changed name – New Mixed Emotions. The new line-up released an album called Side By Side and two singles.
In 1999, the original line-up of Drafi Deutscher and Oliver Simon reunited under the original name the Mixed Emotions for a new album called We Belong Together consisting of two new songs and 11 remakes (new music, new vocals) of their old hits. They had a number of successful TV appearances. Following this album the group disbanded again.
Drafi Deutscher died of heart failure in Frankfurt am Main on 9 June 2006. He was 60.
Oliver Simon was born in Wolfratshausen. He died of a brain tumor on 31 July 2013. He was 56.

## Discography
### Albums

* Deep from the Heart 1987
* Just for You 1988
* Side by Side (as 'New Mixed Emotions') 1991
* We Belong Together 1999

### Compilations

* Mixed Emotions (Best Of) 1990
* The Essential Drafi Deutscher / Mixed Emotions 2004
* My Star 2020

### Singles

* "You Want Love (Maria, Maria)" 1986
* "Bring Back (Sha Na Na)" 1987
* "Sweetheart – Darlin' – My Dear (Lisa My Love)" 1987
* "Just for You" 1988
* "I Never Give Up" 1989
* "Sensuality (When I Touch You)" (as 'New Mixed Emotions') 1991
* "Lonely Lover" (as 'New Mixed Emotions') 1991
* "You Want Love '99" 1999
* "Bring Back '99" 1999

## Other

"You Want Love (Maria, Maria)" was also re-recorded with Norwegian lyrics by Norwegian artist Rune Rudberg in 1988, when he released "Ut Mot Havet", his definite breakthrough song.
# Östhamra

Östhamra is a locality in Norrtälje Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden. It is situated just to the south of the town of Norrtälje. It had 255 inhabitants in 2010.
# Mark Patrick

Mark Patrick Storen (born c. 1959), better known by his professional name Mark Patrick, is an American radio personality based in Indianapolis. Starting out on satellite radio, he was part of MLB Network Radio as the co-host of Baseball This Morning along with Buck Martinez and Larry Bowa . Patrick also hosted the Hoosier Lottery television game show Hoosier Millionaire for 14 years. Patrick also had a nationally syndicated morning show on Fox Sports Radio for a few years. Patrick was primary sports anchor for WISH-TV from 1990 to 1998.
Patrick also provided a number of voice characterizations on The Bob and Tom Show for many years beginning in the late '80s. His characters included a fictional traffic reporter named "T.C." and impressions of Howard Cosell, Harry Caray, and Marge Schott. The Harry Caray character had a recurring skit called "After Hours Sports with Harry Caray" where "Harry" would interview various celebrities. After the real Harry Caray died in 1998, the skit was renamed "After Life Sports with Harry Caray" so that Patrick could continue his comic impression as the ghost of Harry Caray.
Patrick graduated from Brownsburg High School in 1977, and then attended Ball State University. Patrick married Pam Nelson and they have two children; son Drew Storen is a former Major League Baseball pitcher.
# Mares of Thrace (band)

Mares of Thrace is a Canadian doom metal band from Calgary, Alberta. They are most noted for their album The Pilgrimage, which was a longlisted nominee for the 2012 Polaris Music Prize.
Originally consisting of vocalist Therese Lanz and drummer Stef MacKichan, the band released their debut album The Moulting in 2010, and followed up with The Pilgrimage in 2012.
After The Pilgrimage, however, the band went on hiatus for a number of years as Lanz was under increasing time pressures in her primary job as a video game developer; they reunited in 2017 to begin recording new material, but MacKichan was forced to drop out due to a family matter, and the band went back on hiatus until Casey Rogers, a bandmate of Lanz's in a different project prior to Mares of Thrace, offered to fill in on drums. Lanz and Rogers completed recording on the band's third album, The Exile, which was released in 2022 on Sonic Unyon. They supported the album with a tour of Canada and the United States in 2023.
# Radio in France

French radio stations are licensed and regulated by the CSA, and public radio services are provided by Radio France.

## History

The history of radio in France began in 1897 when Eugène Adrien Ducretet successfully transmitted radio messages between two Paris landmarks. However, radio only became fully developed during the interwar period, when the Daladier government brought broadcasting under their centralized control in 1938.
During the First World War, General Gustave-Auguste Ferrié began using the Eiffel Tower for radio transmissions. Radiotechnique, founded in 1919 as a holding company for Émile Girardeau's Société française radio-électrique, began manufacturing radio sets in 1921. Radio Normandie (originally Radio Fécamp), created by Fernand Le Grand, was licensed by the French government in 1926. In 1931, Leonard Plugge, a British politician, founded the "International Broadcasting Company" and persuaded Le Grand to start broadcasting programs in English.

### Post-War

After World War II, radio in France became a public monopoly.
"Peripheral radio" were radio stations transmitting from outside France and therefore operating outside of the public monopoly. These included Europe 1, Sud Radio, Radio Monte Carlo and Radio Luxembourg.
Radio Luxembourg was broadcasting on Long Wave from Luxembourg before WW2. In 1956, from Germany Sarre another "peripheral" station named Europe 1 came on the air on Long Wave, on 183 kHz. Germany's Sarre mainly was aimed at the northern half of France. In 1970 and onwards, "peripherals" would benefit from almost-national coverage due to 2000 kW transmitters. At that time, Radio Monte Carlo (RMC) started to broadcast on Long Wave at 216 kHz. From 1976, the transmitter was allowed to broadcast from France (Roumoules north of Marseille), with 1400 kW being heard in the southern half of France. Meanwhile, Sud Radio on 819 kHz was broadcasting from Andorra for the southwest with 900 kW.
In 1981, as promised by newly elected François Mitterrand, independent stations were allowed, at first with very little power and on FM only. Since 1981, the number of stations in France (public and private) has reached more than 1700. The AM band is not used in France (though it was viral before WW2).
Longwave has been abandoned by Radio France in 2018, Europe 1 in 2019, and RMC in 2020.. Radio Luxembourg abandoned the LW on 1 January 2023. Sud Radio has left AM for FM, where all stations now are. DAB+ is currently being developed to accommodate more programs.
# The Tar-Aiym Krang

The Tar-Aiym Krang (1972) is a science fiction novel by American writer Alan Dean Foster. It is Foster's first published novel and started both his Humanx Commonwealth universe and his two most popular recurring characters, Pip and Philip Lynx ("Flinx"). The book is second chronologically in the Pip and Flinx series.
The story follows Flinx, an orphan and a thief, as he loots a starmap from a dead body, that leads to a strange alien artifact on an abandoned world. This simple, chance adventure is the beginning of Flinx's quest to discover the identities of his parents and the source of his strange mental abilities.

## In popular culture

The members of Pink and Brown and Brian Gibson of Lightning Bolt formed a side project called Tar-Aiym Krang.
# Melanocera

Melanocera is a genus of moths in the family Saturniidae first described by Léon Sonthonnax in 1901.

## Species

* Melanocera dargei Terral, 1991
* Melanocera menippe (Westwood, 1849)
* Melanocera nereis (Rothschild, 1898)
* Melanocera parva Rothschild, 1907
* Melanocera pinheyi Lemaire & Rougeot, 1974
* Melanocera pujoli Lemaire & Rougeot, 1974
* Melanocera sufferti (Weymer, 1896)
* Melanocera widenti Terral & Darge, 1991
# Operational display system

Operational Display Systems are systems used for tracking the status of multiple objects in avionics. Operational Display Systems are usually being developed by large countries' civil aviation authorities (such as the Federal Aviation Administration in the United States, or the main Service Providers in Europe, such as DFS, NATS, DSNA, ENAIRE, MUAC, etc., coordinated by Eurocontrol in Europe), with inputs from technology companies and air traffic controllers associations.
Air traffic control systems gradually evolved from the old sweeping radar to modern computer-driven systems showing maps, weather information, aircraft routes and digitized radar tracks on an ergonomically-designed console.
Whereas in the past the information came only from a radar, current systems use inputs from a variety of sources. Radar is still used (multiple sources instead of just one), but is now complemented by transponder data (the aircraft sending out information regarding altitude and identifications) and soon satellite data (for more accurate positioning and overseas navigation).
As most data is now digital, this opens the way for extra functionalities to be embedded in the modern Operational Display System, such as trajectory prediction, conflict warnings, traffic flow management, arrival optimisation, etc. Two separate competing systems are currently operating within the US, Common ARTS (Automated Radar Terminal System (Lockheed Martin)) and STARS (Raytheon), with Common ARTS operating at the busiest facilities (New York, Dallas, Atlanta, Southern California, Chicago, Washington D.C. area, Denver, St. Louis, Minneapolis and San Francisco area) within the US.
On the display side, the round radar is being replaced by computer-driven cathode-ray tubes, which now are being replaced by modern LCD flat screens in en route systems. However a great many US Air Traffic TRACON facilities and Towers still use the older cathode-ray tube technology. Most of the larger TRACONs employ a 20" x 20" Sony color tube display; Common ARTS uses the ARTS Color Display (ACD) and the Remote ARTS Color Display (R-ACD), while STARS uses the Terminal Control Workstation (TCW) and Tower Display Workstation (TDW). Towers are slowly replacing old DBrite (cathode ray type remote displays) with an LCD type manufactured by Barco. However these display replacements are currently installed only at the busiest facilities with lower density traffic facilities slated for retrofit later.
* This aviation-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Épieds, Maine-et-Loire

Épieds (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.
# Mark Little

Mark Little may refer to:
* Mark Little (Australian actor) (born 1959), Australian actor, television presenter and comedian
* Mark Little (journalist) (born 1968), Irish journalist, television presenter and author
* Mark Little (baseball) (born 1972), former baseball player
* Mark Little (footballer) (born 1988), English footballer
* Mark Little (Gaelic footballer), see Ryan McMenamin
* Mark Little (Canadian comedian), member of the sketch-comedy group Picnicface, based in Halifax, Nova Scotia
* Mark Little, former DJ on Atlantic 252, British Isles
# Rémy Martin (disambiguation)

Rémy Martin is a French company that produces cognac.
Rémy Martin may also refer to:
* Remy Martin (basketball) (born 1998), American basketball player
* Remy Martin (rapper) or Remy Ma (born 1980), American rapper
* Rémy Martin (rugby union) (born 1979), French rugby union footballer
# Orleans Correctional Facility

The Orleans Correctional Facility is a state prison in New York, United States. OCF is a medium security prison for males and is located in the Town of Albion, Orleans County in Western New York.
It is located near the Albion Correctional Facility.
# Van Diemen's Land (disambiguation)

Van Diemen's Land is the former name for Tasmania.
Van Diemen's Land may also refer to:
* Darwin and Kimberley in northwestern Australia, an area known as Van Diemen's Land during the initial Dutch exploration of Australia
* Van Diemen's Land (album), a 2014 album by Russell Morris
* Van Diemen's Land (film), a film documenting Alexander Pearce's first escape
* Van Diemen's Land (folk song), a transportation ballad
* Van Diemen's Land (U2 song), a song by U2 from Rattle and Hum
* Van Diemen's Land Company, a farming corporation
* Van Diemen's Land Ensign, an unofficial merchant flag