OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lathyrus pauciflorus

Lathyrus pauciflorus, known by the common name of few flowered peavine, is a perennial plant species in the Fabaceae family.

## Description

The flowers are blue to purple, blooming early in spring, usually growing to at least 18 millimeters. The leaves are mostly greater than 3 centimeters. The keel is 2–4 mm shorter than the wing petals.

## Distribution

This plant grows at lower elevations from sagebrush desert to Ponderosa pine forests east of the Cascade crest in Washington, Washington to California and east to Idaho and Arizona.
# Pathikonda

Pathikonda is a village in Gangavaram mandal in Chittoor district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India.

## Forests

Pathikonda is surrounded by valleys, hills, rocky land, and forests.
The forest around the town is the only place in Andhra Pradesh with wild elephants. The forest of Pathikonda has been declared as a part of Palamaner's elephant sanctuary.

## Education

Primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools, under the School Education Department of the state. The medium of instruction followed by different schools are English and Telugu.

## Local Festival

Gangajathara is very famous Irrespective of caste, color, creed everyone in the village celebrate this festival in the summer 18 days after Sri Ramanavami. The goddess is called as Pedhapuli Gangamma.
# Laurelvale

Laurelvale is a village in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. It is beside the smaller village of Mullavilly and the two are sometimes referred to as Laurelvale-Mullavilly or Mullavilly-Laurelvale. The village is three miles south of Portadown and 1.5 miles northwest of Tandragee. It had a population of 1,288 people in the 2011 census.

## Name

Laurelvale is within the townland of Tamnaghvelton (formerly Tawnavaltiny, from Irish Tamhnaigh Bhealtaine, meaning 'Bealtaine field'). Laurelvale was taken from the name of a mansion that was built in the 19th century. Mullavilly was named after the townland in which it lies. The name comes from Irish Mullach a' Bhile, meaning 'hilltop of the sacred tree'.

## History

Laurelvale was founded in the 1850s by Thomas Sinton JP (1826–1887) to house the workers in his linen mill of Thomas Sinton & Co. Ltd, which was in the village. At its height, Sintons' Mill had over 1000 workers. The mill has since been demolished. The company remained in family ownership until 1945 when it was taken over by the Ministry of Defence and operated by Hoffmans (who made ball bearings for gun turrets). The Sinton family also ran mills and bleach-works in Tandragee, Killyleagh, Tullylish and at Ravarnet outside Hillsborough, County Down.
Thomas Sinton also built a large house in the village, Laurelvale House, which, following the Second World War, was the home of Michael Torrens-Spence, Lord Lieutenant of County Armagh. Laurelvale House has since been demolished to make way for housing development.

## Schools

* Mullavilly Primary School

## Churches

* Mullavilly Parish Church
* Kilmore Parish Church

## Sport

Laurelvale F.C. has a ground in the Laurel Park area of the village. The football club currently play in the Mid-Ulster Football League Intermediate B Division.
Laurelvale Cricket Club has a clubhouse on Mullavilly Road and are currently competing in the NCU League Section 2, having just missed out on promotion in the 2015 season by way of Net Run Rate. Lee Edgar had a club record breaking season with 63 wickets winning the club's and league's Player of the Year.

## Demography
### 2011 census

In the 2011 census Laurelvale-Mulavilly had a population of 1,288 people. Of these:
* 99.46% were from the white (including Irish Traveller) ethnic group;
* 7.53% belong to or were brought up in the Catholic religion and 86.96% belong to or were brought up in a 'Protestant and Other Christian (including Christian related)' religion; and
* 78.49% indicated that they had a British national identity, 5.75% had an Irish national identity and 23.68% had a Northern Irish national identity*.

### 2001 census

Mullavilly-Laurelvale is classified as a village by the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA). On census day (29 April 2001) there were 1,258 people living in Mullavilly-Laurelvale.
# Laura Naginskaitė

Laura Naginskaitė (born 10 August 1993) is a Lithuanian judoka. She represented Lithuania at 2010 Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore, where she won bronze medal. In bronze medal final she defeated Reotem Shor from Israel 000-100.
# Patrizia Ragno

Patrizia Ragno (born 15 June 1972) is a former Italian female long-distance runner who competed at one edition of the IAAF World Cross Country Championships at senior level (1996), and two of the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships (1996, 1997).
# Patricia Kempthorne

Patricia Kempthorne (born November 1, 1953) was the First Lady of Idaho from 1999 to 2006 as the wife of Governor Dirk Kempthorne. As first lady she was active in issues affecting children and families in Idaho and took the lead in assisting state government with children's policy. She is a former First Lady of Boise, Idaho (1986–1993).
In March 2006, President George W. Bush nominated Governor Kempthorne to be the United States Secretary of the Interior. After his confirmation by the U.S. Senate on May 26, 2006, she ceased to be the state's first lady. She was scheduled to give up the role in January 2007, as her husband was not seeking reelection to a third term. She was replaced by Vicki Risch, the wife of Governor Jim Risch, who succeeded Kempthorne.
# Patsy Bradley

Patsy Bradley is a Gaelic footballer who plays for the Robert Emmet's Slaughtneil club and the Derry county team. He has won a National League title with his county and the Derry Senior Football Championship with his club. For both club and county Bradley usually plays in midfield.

## Playing career
### Inter-county

Bradley was part of the Derry Minor side that won the 2002 Ulster Minor and All-Ireland Minor Championships. He was a member of the Derry Under 21 team that finished runners-up in the 2004 Ulster Under 21 Championship.
He was part of the Derry Senior panel that won the 2008 National League where Derry beat Kerry in the final.

### Club

In 2004 Bradley was part of the first Slaughtneil side to win the Derry Senior Football Championship, defeating Bellaghy in the final. Slaughtneil reached the final again in 2008, but were beaten by Ballinderry Shamrocks. In 2014 Bradley was part of the Slaughtneil side who won both the Derry Senior Football Championship and the Ulster Senior Club Football Championship. He helped Slaughtneil repeat this achievement again in 2016 in a tight contest against Kilcoo from Down.

## Honours
### Derry

* National Football League (1): 2008
* All-Ireland Minor Football Championship (1): 2002
* Ulster Minor Football Championship (1): 2002

### Slaughtneil

* Ulster Senior Club Football Championship (2): 2014, 2016
* Derry Senior Football Championship (3): 2004, 2014, 2016
# Patricia Paquin

Patricia Paquin (born October 25, 1968, in Montreal, Quebec) is a television personality from Quebec. She also is an activist against muscular dystrophy.
Born October 25, 1968, in Montreal, she is the daughter of Marcel Paquin (born 1935) and Gisèle Matteau-Paquin (born 1935). She has two sisters, Caroline (born 1961) and Dominique (born 1963), and one twin brother Patrice Paquin (born 1968). She studied at Collège Français de Montréal. She has a son with Mathieu Gratton. Thanks to her television series Chambres en ville, televised between 1989 and 1996, she became a star in her native Quebec. She is the recipient of two MetroStar Awards and one Gémeaux Award.
# Patricia Payne (mezzo-soprano)

Patricia Katherine Payne ONZM (born 8 March 1942) is an operatic mezzo-soprano and contralto from New Zealand. A member of London's Royal Opera House, she made an international career, performing leading roles of both Wagner and Italian repertory at major opera houses of the world. After decades of singing, she became a visual artist.

## Career

Born in Dunedin, Payne was educated at Otago Girls' High School. After winning the National Operatic Aria Competition in 1966, she continued her studies in London. She was a student at the London Opera Centre from 1967 to 1968, and also studied with Roy Henderson, Hans Hotter and Vera Rózsa. After mainly working in oratorios from 1969, she made her stage debut at the Royal Opera House in 1974 as Schwertleite in Wagner's Die Walküre, and became a member of the ensemble. She appeared there as Erda in his Das Rheingold and Siegfried, and the First Norn in his Götterdämmerung, among others. She was Geneviève in Debussy's Pelléas et Mélisande, Ulrica in Verdi's Un ballo in maschera, and Mrs Sedley in Britten's Peter Grimes. In 1976 she was a "huge success" as Filpyevna in the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, production of Tchaikovsky’s Eugene Onegin.
She appeared at the Bayreuth Festival in 1977, as Schwertleite and First Norn in the Jahrhundertring, the centenary production of Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen, conducted by Pierre Boulez and staged by Patrice Chéreau. She made her debut at the Metropolitan Opera in 1980, as Cieca in Ponchielli's La Gioconda. In 1978, she appeared at La Scala in Milan as Ulrica, a role that has been called her signature role. She performed at the Opera North in Leeds in 1987 in the English premiere of Daphne by Richard Strauss, singing the role of Gaea. In 1995, she appeared at the Tel Aviv Opera as Clarissa in Prokofiev's L'Amour des trois oranges, and as Auntie in the first performance of Britten's Peter Grimes in New Zealand.
After her singing career, she became a visual artist, creating icons, paintings of fish and other creatures from the natural world, and medieval scenes.

## Honours

In the 2001 New Year Honours, Payne was appointed an Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to opera and the community. In 2007, she was conferred with an honorary Doctor of Music degree by the University of Otago.
# Pattaya Airpark

Pattaya Airpark is an airport in Thailand. It is a general aviation airport used by aerobatic pilots.
# Lavezzi

Lavezzi may refer to:

## People

* Agustín Lavezzi, an Argentine footballer
* Ezequiel Lavezzi, an Argentine footballer
* Mario Lavezzi, an Italian musician

## Places

* The Lavezzi Islands, a small archipelago of granite islands and reefs in the Mediterranean Sea
# Laugh in a Half

Laugh in a Half was a Canadian comedy anthology show broadcast on CBC Radio One in 2003. Hosted by Walter Rinaldi, it was a summer replacement show for Madly Off in All Directions that ran for 13-weeks from June to late August of that year.
Each show focused on a particular topic, such as "pioneers of comedy", "British comedy" or "comedy duos", and then played well-known comedy skits from various performers on that theme. Over the course of the series the show played pieces by famous British, American and Canadian comedians, including Abbott and Costello, Monty Python and The Frantics.
# Patrick Mulligan (bishop)

Patrick Mulligan (born 9 June 1912 – 21 January 1990) was the Roman Catholic Bishop of Clogher in Ireland from 18 January 1970 until 7 July 1979, when he was succeeded by Joseph Duffy.

## Early life and education

He was born at Lisbellaw, County Fermanagh and educated at St Macartan's College, Monaghan and St Patrick's College, Maynooth.
He studied for the priesthood at St Patrick's College, Maynooth, and was ordained a priest of the Diocese of Clogher in 1937, a classmate of Cardinal William Conway. Later, Mulligan served as Diocesan Secretary for a period and also a teacher in St Macartan's College, Monaghan, and St Tiarnach's School, Clones, County Monaghan. He became the first President of St Michael's College, Enniskillen in 1957, retiring from that position in the summer of 1966.
In that year, he was appointed Archdeacon of Clogher and Parish Priest of Carrickmacross.

## Bishop of Clogher

Mulligan's appointment as Bishop of Clogher was made on 28 November 1969 and he received episcopal ordination two months later on 18 January 1970. The Archbishop of Dublin John Charles McQuaid was invited to concelebrate the ordination Mass but refused to participate in this then novel way.
As bishop he oversaw the implementation within the diocese of many of the changes brought about by the Second Vatican Council and during his term three new churches and several schools were built in the diocese. He was a knowledgeable and published author of local history and Irish language expert.
He was succeeded by Joseph Duffy and while in retirement wrote a short History of the Diocese of Clogher as well as several articles for local historical journals, serving several terms as President of the Clogher Historical Society.
Mulligan died on 21 January 1990, aged 77 years and is buried in the grounds of his Cathedral, alongside his predecessor.
# Law Reports of the Commonwealth

The Law Reports of the Commonwealth, abbreviated LRC, are a series of law reports of landmark cases decided in the high and appellate courts of members of the Commonwealth of Nations. The LRC were first published in 1985 and, as of 2022, are published in five volumes each year, in both digital and hard copy formats.

## History

The LRC were first published in 1985 by Professional Books of Oxford, with the 'active encouragement' and editorial advice of the Commonwealth Secretariat. Early volumes covering 1980–1984 included cases on commercial law only, with volumes covering 1985 and later years further encompassing cases on constitutional and criminal law. In 1993, the LRC 's three sub-series, each covering commercial, constitutional, and criminal law, respectively, were discontinued in favour of a single consolidated series. By 1994, the Secretariat described the LRC as 'an authoritative and frequently cited source of precedents and judgments from around the Commonwealth.' The series celebrated the publication of their one-hundredth volume in 2009.

## Contents

The LRC 'report key cases of international significance from all Commonwealth countries,' including 'judgments not reported elsewhere.' The series now encompass, in addition to commercial, constitutional, and criminal law, a broader remit of case law, including that regarding 'arbitration, conflict of laws, environment, human rights, immigration, property and tort.' Moreover, the series publish an annual index of cases, an annual 'analysis of legal trends in the Commonwealth,' and an occasional cumulative index of cases.

## Citation

Citations to the LRC are the fourth-ranked preference for proceedings before the Caribbean Court of Justice. Cases reported in the LRC are cited as in the accompanying table. For instance, the first record of said table indicates that the decision of the Trinidad and Tobago Supreme Court, entitled Juman v Attorney General of Trinidad and Tobago, was reported in 2017 in volume 2 of the Law Reports of the Commonwealth, with its text starting on page 610.
| Style of cause | [year of report] | volume | report | (series) | page |
| Juman v Attorney General of Trinidad and Tobago | [2017] | 2 | LRC | | 610 |
| He Kaw Teh v R | [1986] | | LRC | (Crim) | 553 |
| Clarke v Karika | [1985] | | LRC | (Const) | 732 |
# Paul Hoecker

Paul Hoecker (11 August 1854, Oberlangenau – 13 January 1910, Munich) was a German painter of the Munich School and founding member of the Munich Secession

## Biography

His passion for art developed gradually, beginning at the Gymnasium in Neustadt, where he was known for his humorous drawings and caricatures of his instructors. In 1874, he became a student at the Academy of Fine Arts Munich, which he attended until the spring of 1879. His most influential instructor was Wilhelm von Diez, who led him away from genre painting to a more impressionistic style
In 1882, he took a long journey, which included visits to Paris, the Netherlands, Holstein, the German seaports and then back to Munich, where he became friends with Fritz von Uhde, Bruno Piglhein and Max Liebermann. The next year, he had a display at the Munich International Art Exhibition, then travelled again to Paris and the Netherlands. From 1884 to 1888, he lived in Berlin, but returned to Munich and began painting in naturalistic colors with strong lighting effects.

### The Munich Academy

In 1891, at the young age of 36, he was appointed to the Munich Academy, where he replaced Friedrich August von Kaulbach, who had resigned suddenly. He was the first teacher at the academy to take his students on field trips, which often lasted two weeks. He was also one of the first "modern" teachers there, exposing his students to impressionism and the latest developments from the Barbizon School. His studio was often referred to as the "Geniekasten" (Genius Box).
Due to the pervasive influence of Franz von Lenbach, very little exhibition space was available for any art that was considered modern. In 1892, shortly after being appointed a professor, this problem motivated Hoecker to become one of the founding members of the Munich Secession, acting as its secretary. The Secession ultimately inspired similar movements in Berlin and other cities.

### Scandal

In 1897, a scandal broke out when it was rumored that Hoecker had used a male prostitute as a model for a painting of the Madonna. Eventually, the scandal became more personal in nature, and he chose to resign from the academy. He then travelled to Capri, where he stayed at the Villa Lysis, home of industrialist and poet Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen, who had left Paris in the wake of his own scandal. While there, Hoecker painted several portraits of Fersen's lover, Nino Cesarini, a professional model. Though the Jugend magazine published one of his Nino portraits in 1904 – a fully clothed version. By 1901 he returned to Oberlangenau. In 1910, he died of what was diagnosed as "Roman Malaria".

## Posthumous recognition

Despite his important role for the Munich art scene of the late 19th century, Paul Hoecker is hardly known today. This is probably due to the fact that he left the professorship in connection with his homosexuality. In October 2019 a research group was formed at the Forum Queeres Archiv München to investigate the life and work of the painter. Part of the family owned estate of Paul Hoecker has found its way into the archive of the Forum Queeres Archiv München and was digitalized.
# Lawsone

Lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone), also known as hennotannic acid, is a red-orange dye present in the leaves of the henna plant (Lawsonia inermis), for which it is named, as well as in the common walnut (Juglans regia) and water hyacinth (Pontederia crassipes). Humans have used henna extracts containing lawsone as hair and skin dyes for more than 5,000 years. Lawsone reacts chemically with the protein keratin in skin and hair via a Michael addition reaction, resulting in a strong permanent stain that lasts until the skin or hair is shed. Darker colored staining is due to more lawsone–keratin interactions occurring, which evidently break down as the concentration of lawsone decreases and the tattoo fades. Lawsone strongly absorbs UV light, and aqueous extracts can be effective sunless tanning agents and sunscreens. Lawsone is a 1,4-naphthoquinone derivative, an analog of hydroxyquinone containing one additional ring.
Lawsone isolation from Lawsonia inermis can be difficult due to its easily biodegradable nature. Isolation involves four steps:
* extraction with an extraction solution, usually NaOH
* column filtration using a macroporous adsorption resin
* a rinse with ethanol to remove impurities, and finally
* freeze the product to isolate the lawsone powder, usually a yellow colored dust.
During the rinse, the lawsone will be the bottom as it has such a high density and the chlorophyll molecules will all be on the top of the mixture.
Lawsone is hypothesized to undergo a reaction similar to Strecker synthesis in reactions with amino acids. Recent research has been conducted on lawsone's potential applications in the forensic science field. Since lawsone shows many similarities with ninhydrin, the current reagent for latent fingerprint development, studies have been conducted to see if lawsone can be used in this field. As of now the research is inconclusive, but optimistic. Lawsone non-specifically targets primary amino acids, and displays photoluminescence with forensic light sources. It has a characteristic purple/brown coloration as opposed to the purple/blue associated with ninhydrin. Lawsone shows promise as a reagent for fingerprint detection because of its photoluminescence maximized at 640 nm, which is high enough that it avoids background interference common for ninhydrin.

## Related compounds

The naphthoquinones lawsone methyl ether and methylene-3,3'-bilawsone are some of the active compounds in Impatiens balsamina leaves. Juglone is a structural isomer used as a brown dye.
# Laveraniina

Laveraniina is a suborder of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. The taxon was erected in 1988 by Jacques Euzéby.
# Patruns

Patruns is an album composed, performed and recorded by Ron Geesin. Released in 1975, Patruns features Geesin's piano only. The LP is not available on CD, with the exception of the frenetic "Smoked Hips (The Time Dance)", which was included in a collection of his work, Hystery.

## Tracks

All Tracks Composed by Ron Geesin
* "B♭ Wink" (2:00)
* "Octave Creep" (2:00)
* "Double Octave Ripple" (1:00)
* "A♭, D♭ and G♭ Black Major Throb" (5:00)
* "White Note of Calm" (3:00)
* "Dripped Chromatic Essence" (1:00)
* "Smoked Hips (The Time Dance)" (5:00)
* "Grand E♭ Minor Opening" (2:00)
* "E♭ Minor Paint Splash Slap Lash" (5:00)
* "E♭ Minor, Lie Down Still!" (2:00)
* "Patrun Spread" (1:00)
* "Platform Twitch" (1:00)
* "Romanian Ragtome Shut" (2:00)
* "Chromatic Thrashers" (6:00)
* "Grand B♭ Major Ending Wink" (1.00)
# Paul II

Paul II may refer to:
* Paul the Black of Alexandria, Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch from 550 to 575
* Patriarch Paul II of Constantinople, Patriarch of Constantinople from 641 to 653
* Pope Paul II, Pope from 1464 to 1471
* Paul II Anton, Prince Esterházy in 1721–1762
* Paul II Cheikho, patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church in 1958–1989
* Paul II, Serbian Patriarch, Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch from 1990 to 2009
# Le Troncq

Le Troncq (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Eure department in Normandy in northern France.
# Lawn sweeper

A lawn sweeper, also known as a leaf sweeper or lawn brush, is a garden tool for the mechanical removal of debris, such as fallen leaves, pine needles, twigs, grass clippings or litter, from a lawn or paved area. Lawn sweepers operate via a rotating brush mechanism that sweeps up the debris and deposits it in a collection hopper for disposal.

## Types

Push lawn sweepers, which resemble a simple wheeled manual lawn mower, are maneuvered and powered by hand. A forward pushing action transfers power from the wheels to the brush mechanism via a gearing system, causing it to rotate, and the debris is picked up and transferred to a bag or hopper mounted on the machine. Powered lawn sweepers resemble push lawn sweepers, but the brush mechanism is powered by a gasoline or electric motor. Tow lawn sweepers are towed behind a vehicle, such as a garden tractor or ATV and are designed for use in larger areas. They are generally wider and have greater hopper capacities than push and powered lawn sweepers.

## Alternatives

Lawn sweepers are an alternative to raking or the use of leaf blowers and garden vacuums. They are also an alternative to lawn mower baggers or grass baggers which are generally more expensive and have a smaller capacity.
# Paul Volpe

Paul Volpe may refer to:
* Paul Volpe (mobster), Italian-Canadian mobster
* Paul Volpe (poker player), American poker player