OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Succinylglutamate desuccinylase

In enzymology, a succinylglutamate desuccinylase (EC 3.5.1.96) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    N-succinyl-L-glutamate + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ succinate + L-glutamate
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are N-succinyl-L-glutamate and H$_2$O, whereas its two products are succinate and L-glutamate.
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is N-succinyl-L-glutamate amidohydrolase. Other names in common use include N2-succinylglutamate desuccinylase, SGDS, and AstE. This enzyme participates in arginine and proline metabolism.
# Psectraglaea

Psectraglaea is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae described by George Hampson in 1906. Its only species, Psectraglaea carnosa, the pink sallow, described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1877, is native to North America. It is listed as threatened in Connecticut, and as a species of special concern in Massachusetts.
The larval host plant has not been conclusively documented, but it is likely Vaccinium angustifolium.
# Alfred Pizzey Newton

Alfred Pizzey or Pizzi Newton, RWS (1830 – 1883) was an English watercolour painter.

## Life

Alfred Pizzey Newton, born in 1830, was a native of Rayleigh, Essex, but, through his mother, of Italian descent. Newton became interested in art when he moved to London at the age of fifteen and was apprenticed to Messrs Dickenson, a firm of print-sellers and publishers in Bond Street. He subsequently studied watercolour and opened a studio in Maddox Street for pupils during the London season.
Newton's earliest works were painted in the western Highlands of Scotland, and, as he happened to be painting the scenery near Inverlochy Castle, which was then occupied by Queen Victoria, he obtained her patronage. She selected him to paint a picture as a wedding gift to the Princess Royal in January 1858, and he also contributed some sketches in the area around Inverlochy Castle in Inverness-shire for the royal album of drawings.
He exhibited a few pictures at the Royal Academy in 1855 and the following years, and on 1 March 1858 he was elected an associate of the "Old" Society of Painters in Water-colours. From this time he was a constant and prolific contributor to their exhibitions, though he did not attain full membership until 24 March 1879; in all, he exhibited 249 drawings with the society and five with the Royal Academy.
Most of Newton's works were atmospheric highland scenes showing effects of light and weather. A winter scene, Mountain Gloom, painted in the Pass of Glencoe under trying circumstances, attracted notice in 1860: it was said that in the severe winter he continued with his drawing despite a frost so intense that he was forced to mix his colours with pure whisky instead of water. This picture was afterwards sent to the Philadelphia exhibition, where Newton was awarded a diploma of merit.
In 1862 Newton visited the Riviera and Italy, finding there many subjects for his later pictures. In 1880 his picture of The Mountain Pass was much commended. In 1882, though in failing health, Newton visited Athens, painting there, among other pictures, one called Shattered Desolation.
Newton married Jessie, the second daughter of Edward Wylie of Rock Ferry, Birkenhead, on 28 April 1864, and by her had five children. He died at his father-in-law's house at 14 Rock Park, Rock Ferry, Birkenhead, on 9 September 1883, aged fifty-three. A portrait of him appeared in the Illustrated London News on 27 October 1883.
# Rush (Aly & AJ song)

"Rush" is a pop rock song recorded by American pop rock duo Aly & AJ for their debut album Into the Rush. The track was released as their first official single nationwide by their label Hollywood Records, and as the album’s fifth single overall. It was first released to Radio Disney on October 14, 2005 to promote the Disney Channel Original Movie Twitches, but later grew to become extremely popular, which led to a mainstream release on February 28, 2006. It was later released for digital download on July 11, 2006 and on November 25, 2006 in Australia.

## Song information

"Rush" is a moderate pop rock song in a key of D minor. The song is also featured on the soundtrack to the Bratz: Rock Angelz video game (as "Into the Rush") and in the Disney Channel Original Movie Twitches.

## Music video

There are two different versions of the video. The first version, released by Disney only, featured Aly & AJ performing the song live in concert and scenes from Twitches.
The second version was directed by Marc Webb and shot in Hawaii, premiering on February 15, 2006. It portrays the sisters traveling to five different locations: a beach, a campsite, a jungle, a bazaar and a music store. One of the locations that was filmed is known as Jackass Gingers which is a popular local swimming spot on the island of Oahu.

## Chart and certifications

"Rush" is Aly & AJ's first single that was a commercial success in the United States. When it was initially released, it was able to chart on Billboard's Pop 100 and Hot Digital Songs. The following February, when it was re-released, it managed to make it on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 59 and staying on the chart for a total of 11 weeks. To date the single has reached over 900,000 digital downloads. The music video for the song debuted at number two on MTV's Total Request Live, remaining on it for eight non-consecutive weeks.

### Charts

| Chart (2006) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Hot 100 | 59 |
| U.S. Billboard Pop 100 | 44 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Date | Country | Format | Label |
| October 14, 2005 | United States | Digital download + Radio Disney | Hollywood |
| February 28, 2006 | United States | Mainstream radio | Hollywood |
| July 11, 2006 | United States | Digital download$^1$ | Hollywood |
| November 25, 2006 | Australia | Digital single + EP | Hollywood |
* $^1$: Digital release with "Radio Disney Exclusive Interview" as second track.
# Norbert Möslang

Norbert Möslang (October 6, 1952 in St. Gallen) is a Swiss musician in the field of free improvisation (soprano saxophone, double bass, Live electronic music) and luthier.

## Life and works

The first instrument, which Möslang learned to play was piano. Then, he learned soprano saxophone and contrabass clarinet by self study. From 1972, he worked with Andy Guhl in a duet for 30 years. Since 1984, they have been both in the duet Voice Crack. With Eric M and Günter Müller, the duet expanded to the ensemble prior-z.
He has performed also with Barbetomagus, Jim O’Rourke, Otomo Yoshihide, Keith Rowe, Carlos Zingaro, Irène Schweizer, Kurt Liedwart and Jason Kahn. He composes also film music. He won the Swiss Film Award in 2010 for the music he composed for Peter Liechti's documentary film the Hummings of Insects.
# Vermes (disambiguation)

Vermes is an obsolete taxon for non-arthropod invertebrates.
Vermes may also refer to:

## People

* Albán Vermes (born 1957), Hungarian swimmer
* Géza Vermes (1924-2013), British religious scholar
* Krisztián Vermes (born 1985), Hungarian footballer
* Peter Vermes (born 1966), American soccer player and coach
* Timur Vermes (born 1967), German writer.

## Places

* Vermeș, commune in Caraș-Severin County, Romania
* Vermes, Switzerland, municipality in Delémont
* Vermeș, village in Lechința commune, Bistrița-Năsăud County, Romania
# Yoshitaka Hoshino

Yoshitaka Hoshino (星野 良生, Hoshino Yoshitaka, born August 10, 1988) is a Japanese professional shogi player ranked 5-dan. He also holds an Esports professional shogi player license from the Japan eSports Union [ja] (JeSU).

## Early life and apprenticeship

Hoshino was born in Ageo, Saitama on August 10, 1988. He became interested in shogi when he was about five years old with his first opponent being his mother, and entered the Japan Shogi Association's apprentice school at the rank of 6-kyū under the guidance of shogi professional Kazuyoshi Nishimura [ja] in 2001. He was promoted to the rank of apprentice professional 3-dan in 2007, and finally obtained full professional status and the rank of 4-dan in 2014 after tying Hiroshi Miyamoto for first place in the 54th 3-dan League (October 2013 – March 2014) with a record of 13 wins and 5 losses. Hoshino later stated in an October 2021 interview that his primary motivation for becoming a shogi professional was not money or to have a career, but rather because he felt that "his life would end" and the mental strain would be great if he quit.

## Shogi professional

In September 2008, Hoshino became just the second apprentice professional 3-dan to advance to the finals of Shinjin-Ō [ja] tournament. His bid to become the first apprentice professional to win the tournament, however, was unsuccessful as he lost the 39th Shinjin-Ō title match 2 games to none to regular professional Amahiko Satō 4-dan.

### Promotion history

The promotion history for Hoshino is as follows:
* 6-kyū: September 2001
* 3-dan: April 2007
* 4-dan: April 1, 2014
* 5-dan: August 13, 2020

### Awards and honors

Hoshino received the Japan Shogi Association's Masuda Award for his "Accelerated Silver 37" variation for the Cheerful Central Rook opening; becoming the second apprentice professional to ever win the award.

### Esports

In January 2020, Hoshino tweeted that he was looking for ways to supplement career as a professional shogi player. He received an offer from the Japanese software company SilverStar Japan [ja] and joined the company in April 2020 to take charge of the planning, developing and promoting of its board game products. His duties also made him responsible for the planning, promotion and execution of the company's Esports shogi tournament Real Time Shogi Battle [ja] sanctioned by the Japan eSports Union [ja] (JeSU) held in 2021. Hoshino also participated in the tournament with the goal of becoming a Esports shogi professional. Hoshino advanced to the final four tournament held at a shopping mall in Nagoya on October 3, 2021, but ended up in fourth place. He was, however, granted an Esports professional shogi player license by the JeSU for his result.
# Tapinoma danitschi

Tapinoma danitschi is a species of ant in the genus Tapinoma. Described by Forel in 1915, the species is endemic to South Africa.
# Succinylmonocholine

Succinylmonocholine is an ester of succinic acid and choline created by the metabolism of suxamethonium chloride.
# The Last Western

The Last Western is an American novel by Thomas S. Klise, published by Argus Communications in 1974. The book was also published June 28, 1974 by Tabor Publishing. Oddly, the Tabor Publishing resembles a mimeograph of the original printing.
The story follows multiracial teen protagonist Willie, a budding baseball prodigy, from his obscure beginnings in the American Southwest to religious leader and international humanitarian. After gaining local fame as a baseball pitcher on the field, Willie enjoys a meteoric rise to celebrity status.
The Journal of Sports and Social Issues featured the book in its March 1979 issue, in an article entitled "A Step Over the Edge: the Image of Sport in Thomas Klise's the Last Western." The Los Angeles Times reviewed the novel in 1980 under the title "A quality book discovered."
# Selene Gifford

Selene Gifford (May 30, 1901 – July 21, 1979) was an American social worker, and an international and federal government official. She won the Federal Woman's Award in 1964, for her work and leadership at the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

## Early life

Selene Gifford was born in Rochester, Massachusetts, the daughter of George G. Gifford and Elizabeth Anna Sherman Gifford.

## Career

During the Great Depression, Gifford was a social worker in various states. In 1936, she was assistant regional social worker with the Works Progress Administration (WPA) in West Virginia. In 1938 she was a speaker at a Florida state conference on social work. By 1940 she was chief regional supervisor of the WPA in the deep South, and spoke to the Mississippi Conference of Social Workers.
In 1943 Gifford was a public welfare consultant at the War Relocation Authority, tasked with visiting Japanese internment camps. She argued for the employment of White conscientious objectors at the camps, and spoke about the camps on a panel with Mike Masaoka and Annie Clo Watson at a social work convention.
After World War II, she was based overseas: she served as deputy chief of mission at the United States Embassy in Cairo, was Director of Displaced Persons at the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) in London, and worked in Geneva with the International Refugee Organization on relief, resettlement and rehabilitation programs.
Gifford, who was white, spent most of her career at the Bureau of Indian Affairs. She became head of the bureau's Division of Community Services in 1949, and assistant commissioner of the bureau in 1952. In 1958, she testified before a House committee on funding for the education of American Indian children. In 1961, she testified before a Senate committee on the constitutional rights of the American Indian. She also established job placement programs, studied issues of law enforcement funding, and supported the repeal of discriminatory laws regarding the sale of alcohol to Native Americans, saying "I do not deny that drinking is a problem among the Indians. But isn't it with any group of people?" In 1962, Gifford received the bureau's Citation for Distinguished Service. In 1964, she received the Federal Woman's Award. She retired from the bureau in 1965.

## Personal life

Selene Gifford died from colon cancer in Leesburg, Virginia in 1979, aged 78 years. Her grave is with those of her siblings, in Rochester, Massachusetts.
# Alfred Pizella

Alfred Pizella (March 29, 1897 – August 9, 1937) was an Italian-born French singer and film actor. A star of the music halls he was often billed simply as Pizella leading to some confusion with the journalist and occasional actor Stéphane Pizella. He died in August 1937 in a car accident returning from Deauville.

## Selected filmography

* Gagne ta vie (1931)
* Paris-Soleil (1933)
* The Path to Happiness (1934)
* Les Époux célibataires (1935)
* Les Deux Favoris (1936)
* The Blue Mouse (1936)
* La Peau d'un autre (1937)
# Mankoli

Mankoli is a village in the Thane district of Maharashtra, India. It is located in the Bhiwandi taluka.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Mankoli has 860 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 82.47%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 3421 | 2013 | 1408 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 546 | 305 | 241 |
| Scheduled caste | 231 | 124 | 107 |
| Scheduled tribe | 47 | 21 | 26 |
| Literates | 2371 | 1494 | 877 |
| Workers (all) | 1712 | 1306 | 406 |
| Main workers (total) | 1397 | 1194 | 203 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 51 | 36 | 15 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 44 | 39 | 5 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 59 | 36 | 23 |
| Main workers: Other | 1243 | 1083 | 160 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 315 | 112 | 203 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 32 | 14 | 18 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 7 | 1 | 6 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 31 | 7 | 24 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 245 | 90 | 155 |
| Non-workers | 1709 | 707 | 1002 |
# Norman C. Melvin III

Norman C. Melvin III (born July 11, 1950) is a botanist and plant ecologist.

## Education and career

In South Carolina, Melvin graduated in 1973 from Presbyterian College with B.S. in biology and in 1976 from Clemson University with M.S. in botany. In 1980 he received his Ph.D. in botany from Ohio's Miami University. From 1980 to 1990 he was an associate professor of biology and chair of the biology department at St. Andrews Presbyterian College in North Carolina. From 1990 to 1995 he was employed in Laurel, Maryland as a State Plant Ecologist by the USDA's Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS). From 1995 to 2004 he was a botanist/plant ecologist at the NCRS Wetland Science Institute (which the NRCS created in 1994). While he worked at the Wetland Science Institute, he was also an adjunct professor at both the University of Maryland, College Park and Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. In 2004 the NCRS underwent reorganization and replaced the Wetland Science Institute by the Wetland Technology Development Team (located in Fort Worth, Texas). In 2004 Melvin was appointed the Leader of the Wetland Technology Development Team and held the appointment until he retired in March 2018. As Team Leader, he served as the national representative of the NCRS on issues related to the botany and ecology of wetlands.
   He is a member of the Society of Wetland Scientists, Association of Southeastern Biologists, and the Southern Appalachian Botanical Society and has presented papers at society meetings and symposia, authored publications in professional journals, and written technical articles for the NRCS.

## Selected publications

* Melvin Iii, Norman C. (1977). "The New Combination Leucothoë walteri (Willd.) Melvin". Castanea. 42 (4): 304–308. JSTOR 4032611.
* Lichvar, Robert W.; Melvin, Norman C.; Butterwick, Mary L.; Kirchner, William N. (2012). National wetland plant list indicator rating definitions (PDF). No. ERDC/CRREL-TN-12-1. Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Hanover NH.
* Judd, Walter S.; Melvin, Norman C.; Waselkov, Katherine; Kron, Kathleen A. (2012). "Taxonomic revision of Eubotrys (Ericaceae, Gaultherieae)". Brittonia. 64 (2): 165–178. Bibcode:2012Britt..64..165J. doi:10.1007/s12228-011-9226-9. S2CID 27754970.
* Judd, Walter S.; Melvin, Norman C.; Waselkov, Katherine; Kron, Kathleen A. (2013). "A taxonomic revision of Leucothoë (Ericaceae; Tribe Gaultherieae)". Brittonia. 65 (4): 417–438. Bibcode:2013Britt..65..417J. doi:10.1007/s12228-012-9295-4. S2CID 39427810.
* Lichvar, R. W.; Banks, D. L.; Kirchner, W. N.; Melvin, N. C. (2016). "The national wetland plant list: 2016 wetland ratings" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 30: 1–17.
# Torokina River

The Torokina River is a river on Bougainville Island, within the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, in northeastern Papua New Guinea.
It empties to Empress Augusta Bay at 6°16′00″S 155°06′00″E﻿ / ﻿6.2666667°S 155.1°E﻿ / -6.2666667; 155.1.
# Tapinoma chiaromontei

Tapinoma chiaromontei is a species of ant in the genus Tapinoma. Described by Menozzi in 1930, the species is endemic to Somalia.
# Succinylglutamate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase

In enzymology, a succinylglutamate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.71) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    N-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + NAD$^+$ + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ N-succinyl-L-glutamate + NADH + 2 H$^+$
The 3 substrates of this enzyme are N-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde, NAD$^+$, and H$_2$O, whereas its 3 products are N-succinyl-L-glutamate, NADH, and H$^+$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is N-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include succinylglutamic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, N-succinylglutamate 5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, SGSD, AruD, and AstD. This enzyme participates in arginine and proline metabolism.
# Wessobrunner School

The Wessobrunner School is the name for a group of Baroque stucco-workers that, beginning at the end of the 17th century, developed in the Benedictine Wessobrunn Abbey in Bavaria, Germany.
The names of more than 600 stucco-workers who emerged from this school are known. The Wessobrunner stucco-workers exerted a decisive influence on, and at times even dominated, the art of stucco in south Germany in the 18th century.
The concept of the Wessobrunner School goes back to the art historians Gustav von Bezold and Georg Hacker, who in 1888 first used the name to designate this group of artists and craftsmen.

## Members

The most important members were the brothers Johann Baptist Zimmermann and Dominikus Zimmermann, and the Schmuzer and Feichtmayer/Feuchtmayer families, both of whom were active over multiple generations. Certain members also worked as architects, including Johann and Joseph Schmuzer and Dominikus Zimmermann. Other important family names include Finsterwalder, Gigl, Merck, Rauch, Schaidauf, Übelher, and Zöpf.

## Development of stucco-work

The technique of stucco-work was already in use around 7,000 BCE, and flourished during the Italian Renaissance. In Germany it appeared for the first time around 1545 CE in the Landshut Residence. A passage in the Historico-Topographica Descriptio of Michael Wenig (1701) suggests that the residents of the villages Gaispoint and Haid, which belonged to Wessobrunn Abbey, worked predominantly as stucco-workers and bricklayers, which would imply a tradition of long standing.
In Bavaria, an alliance between native bricklayers and stonemasons and Italian stucco-workers developed at the end of the 16th century. In the 17th century Wessobrunn developed into the most important center for stucco-work in Europe, and its craftsmen received commissions, not only in south Germany, but also in France, Poland, Hungary, and Russia. Their Italian competitors were unable to keep up.
Around 1750, a general decrease in building activity set in, as most of the great Rococo and pilgrimage churches had been completed. In addition, a new wave of neo-classical architecture between 1775 and 1790 lessened the prestige of the stucco-artist. The "Society of Stucco-workers", founded in 1783, still had 68 members; in 1798 there were 27, and by 1864 only 9.
The masterpiece of the Wessobrunner School is the Wies Church (from 1744), built and stuccoed by Dominikus Zimmermann and frescoed by his brother, Johann Baptist. In this building, even architectural elements become, as it were, ornament. The arches of the choir arcade are in fact monumental bisected rocaille-cartouches. To be sure, only Dominikus Zimmermann made the leap to this uncompromising architectural application of the rocaille.
As Bavarian artists began to stray from sculptural stucco and the taste of the time demanded more sobriety and functionality, the Wessobrunner School gradually lost its reason for being.
The reach of the Wessobrunner stucco-workers may today be observed in numerous European countries, and above all in western Austria.