OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Leonard Richmond Wheeler

Leonard Richmond Wheeler (23 July 1888 – 25 September 1948) was a British educationalist and philosopher of biology who worked in British Malaya and the West Indies.

## Biography

Wheeler was born on 23 July 1888 in Highgate. He was educated at the University of London and obtained a post teaching mathematics and science at a grammar school in Antigua in 1912. During this time he collected and studied flora. He sent specimens to the British Museum and authored a paper "The Flora of Antigua" in the Journal of Botany in 1916.
He joined the Colonial Service in 1914 and returned to England to serve in World War I. In 1919, Wheeler authored Desert Musings, a collection of poems which has been cited as a rare example of a British West Indies Regiment Officer's poetic take on life at the Front. He was later a member of the Royal Flying Corps stationed in the Balkans. After the war he worked in Trinidad as a science teacher at Queen's Royal College until he was transferred to British Malaya in 1921. He worked as a school inspector and upon his retirement in 1938 was Inspector of Schools, Penang. He became a Fellow of the Linnean Society in 1939.
During his later life he lived in Seaford. Wheeler was married to Doris Milligan and had two sons. He died on 25 September 1948 in Seaford.

## Vitalism

In 1939, Wheeler authored the book Vitalism: Its History and Validity which was submitted for his PhD thesis at the University of London. He defined vitalism as "all the various doctrines which, from the time of Aristotle, have described things as actuated by some power or principle additional to mechanics and chemistry." The book is a scholarly history of vitalistic theories from the time of Aristotle to the twentieth century, and a defence of vitalism. A 1945 review in The Quarterly Review of Biology noted that "a great amount of painstaking scholarly research has gone into the making of his book, and the result will astonish those who have given only casual thought to the subject".

## Selected publications

* Desert Musings (1919)
* Scouting in the Tropics (1926)
* The Modern Malay (1928)
* Vitalism: Its History and Validity (1939)
* Harmony of Nature: A Study in Co-Operation for Existence (1947)
# Scandal (Yōko Oginome album)

Scandal (スキャンダル, Skyandaru) is the 15th studio album by Japanese singer/songwriter Yōko Oginome. Released through Victor Entertainment on December 16, 1994, the album was produced by Rod Antoon and features songs composed by Yūko Ishikawa, with Oginome co-writing three of them. While no singles were generated from this album, "Sha-La-La" was included as the B-side of the single "Koi no Hallelujah". The album was reissued on May 26, 2010, with six bonus tracks as part of Oginome's 25th anniversary celebration.
The album peaked at No. 97 on Oricon's albums chart and sold over 5,000 copies.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Yūko Ishikawa, except where indicated; all music is composed by Yūko Ishikawa, except where indicated; all tracks are arranged by Rod Antoon, except where indicated.

## Charts

| Chart (1994) | Peak position |
| Japanese Albums (Oricon) | 97 |
# Rth

Rth or RTH may refer to:

## Business

* Regular trading hours
* ICAO symbol for Artis (airline)
* Exchange symbol for VanEck Vectors Retail, an exchange-traded fund

## Media

* Radio y Televisión de Hidalgo, Mexico

## Other uses

* Equivalent resistance (R$_{th}$) in Thévenin's theorem
* Resistance to Thyroid Hormone
* Book of Ruth
* Rotterdam The Hague Airport
* Rhyncattleanthe (Rth.), an orchid nothogenus
# Plagiobothrys canescens

Plagiobothrys canescens is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name valley popcornflower. It is endemic to California, where it is a common wildflower in valley, foothill, desert, coastline, and canyon habitat in the central and southern regions of the state.
Plagiobothrys canescens is an annual herb with a spreading or erect stem 10 to 60 centimeters in length. The leaves are located in a basal rosette about the base of the stem, with smaller ones located along the stem's length. The plant is coated in long, rough hairs and sometimes bristles. It is purple-edged and -veined and leaks purple juice when crushed. The inflorescence is a series of tiny flowers and hairy bracts. Each five-lobed white corolla measures 2 to 3 millimeters wide. The fruit is a rounded, arched nutlet no more than 2 millimeters long textured with cross-ribs.
# Mushroom festival

A mushroom festival is a food festival in which mushrooms are featured.
There are numerous mushroom festivals held annually in:
* Kennett Square, Pennsylvania
* Telluride Mushroom Festival in Telluride, Colorado
* Mushroom Festival at Mount Pisgah Arboretum in Eugene, Oregon
* Morel Mushroom Festival held in Harrison, Michigan, Mesick, Michigan, and Boyne City, Michigan
* Fantastic Forage Mushroom Festival held in Laconia, New Hampshire
* Mushroom Mardi Gras Festival held in Morgan Hill, California
* Pacific Northwest Mushroom Festival in Lacey, Washington
# Raymond Allen Hare

Raymond Allen Hare PSM (born 6 October 1946) is an Australian wheat scientist mainly working to develop Durum (pasta) wheat varieties. He is "an award-winning scientist and is regarded as one of the best durum breeders in the world".

## Early life and education

Hare was born in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, on 6 October 1946. He attended Normanhurst Public School and Normanhurst Boys' High School and subsequently joined CSR as a trainee chemist at Pyrmont. After completing a chemistry certificate course at the Sydney Technical College (now known as TAFE New South Wales Sydney Institute) and a Bachelor of Agricultural Science from University of Sydney, he began his PhD, "Genetic Analysis of Persistent Adult-Plant Resistences to Wheat Rust", with support from the Farrer Memorial Research Scholarship.

## Career

In 1976 he began as a wheat breeder with the New South Wales Department of Agriculture (now NSW Department of Primary Industries), helping grow durum wheat exports from around 8000 tonnes in the mid-1970s to more than 800,000 tonnes, approximately aud$100 million. In addition to developing Australia's durum industry, Hare made significant contributes to durum wheat research, including developing Kamilaroi, Yallaroi, Wollaroi and EGA Bellaroi varieties.
Hare was recognised in the 2000 Birthday Honours list, receiving the Public Service Medal "[f]or outstanding public service in the Department of Agriculture, particularly to the Durum (Pasta) wheat programme". A year later, Hare was awarded the Farrer Memorial Medal, delivering his Farrer Oration, entitled "Durum Wheat in Australia – Past, Present and Future".
In 2003, Hare's hearing was found to have deteriorated to the profound range in both ears. Over a period of nine months, he received bilateral cochlear implants and his hearing stabilised. He retired in 2008, after 32 years of services as the Australian National Durum Wheat Improvement principle research scientist.
A 2018 media profile of Hare suggests he has contributed to an estimated 70 billion meals around the world. He is currently a plant breeding consultant and an advisory board member at University of Sydney Plant Breeding Institute.

## Honours

* Public Service Medal
* Rotary International Achievement Award
* Farrer Memorial Trust Medal, 2001 Farrer Memorial Trust
* SHHH 2007 Libby Harrick's Award
* Honorary Professor – University of Southern Queensland
* Triticum Award for Excellence in Wheat Improvement – Wheat Breeding Society of Australia Awards
* Champion of the Royal Agricultural Society, 2018.
# Paul Russell (novelist)

Paul Russell is an American novelist, poet and short story writer. He is a two-time winner of the Ferro-Grumley Award for LGBT fiction, in 2000 for The Coming Storm and in 2012 for The Unreal Life of Sergey Nabokov, a fictionalized portrayal of Sergey Nabokov, the gay younger brother of Russian novelist Vladimir Nabokov, about whom very little concrete biographical information is known.
Russell grew up in Memphis, Tennessee, where his father Jack was a mathematics professor at Southwestern at Memphis. He studied at Oberlin College and Cornell University. He is a professor of English literature at Vassar College.

## Works
### Novels

* The Salt Point (1990)
* Boys of Life (1991)
* Sea of Tranquillity (1994)
* The Coming Storm (1999)
* War Against the Animals (2003)
* The Unreal Life of Sergey Nabokov (2012)
* Immaculate Blue (2015)

### Non-fiction

* The Gay 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Gay Men and Lesbians, Past and Present (1995)
# Longley, Huddersfield

53°37′52″N 1°46′08″W﻿ / ﻿53.631°N 1.769°W﻿ / 53.631; -1.769 Longley is a small district in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, England between Newsome and Lowerhouses.
The area is mainly made up of woodland and a 9-hole golf course (Longley Park).
Longley Old Hall, a listed building, is also in the area.
# Perry Township, Shelby County, Ohio

Perry Township is one of the fourteen townships of Shelby County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 982 people in the township.

## Geography

Located in the eastern part of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Salem Township – north
* Miami Township, Logan County – northeast
* Adams Township, Champaign County – southeast
* Green Township – south
* Orange Township – southwest
* Clinton Township – west
A small portion of the city of Sidney, the county seat of Shelby County, is located in far western Perry Township, and the unincorporated communities of Pasco and Pemberton lie in the eastern part of the township.

## Name and history

Perry Township was established around 1824. It is one of twenty-six Perry Townships statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# Ying Quartet

The Ying Quartet is an American string quartet. The Ying siblings, from Winnetka, Illinois, formed the quartet in 1988 while studying at the University of Rochester's Eastman School of Music. The quartet began performing in the small town of Jesup, Iowa, as the first artists involved in the National Endowment for the Arts Chamber Music Rural Residencies Program. The original members of the quartet were Timothy and Janet Ying (violins), Phillip Ying (viola), and David Ying (cello). In April 2009, Timothy Ying announced his departure from the ensemble. In 2009, Frank Huang became the first violinist of the Ying Quartet. When Huang left the quartet in 2010 to assume the position of concertmaster of the Houston Symphony, Ayano Ninomiya was appointed first violinist of the Ying Quartet. Ayano Ninomiya was, in turn, replaced by violinist Robin Scott in 2015.
While the Ying Quartet was in Jesup, it won the 1993 Naumburg Chamber Music Award. In the years since, the Yings have performed in many major American cities; at numerous festivals, including Tanglewood, Aspen, and San Miguel; and in Europe, Canada, Mexico, Australia, Japan, and Taiwan. The Yings have played in diverse settings, including Carnegie Hall, the White House, hospitals, and juvenile prisons. The EMI Classics recording of works by Osvaldo Golijov on which the Ying Quartet appeared with the St. Lawrence Quartet was nominated for a 2003 Grammy Award. The Quartet was nominated once again for a Grammy in 2007 in the "Best Chamber Music Performance" category for a recording of the three Tchaikovsky Quartets and the Sextet on Telarc. The Quartet won a 2005 Grammy for its collaborative recording with the Turtle Island String Quartet, entitled 4+Four, and has recorded for the Telarc, Quartz, Elektra, and Albany record labels.
In 1999 the Quartet introduced a commissioning project supported by the Institute for American Music designed to produce a distinctively American string quartet repertoire. The project has introduced new quartets by Tod Machover, Michael Torke, Kevin Puts, Carter Pann, Roberto Carnevale, Paquito D’Rivera, Chen Yi, Daniel Kellogg, Augusta Read Thomas, Marina Leonardi, Ned Rorem, Jennifer Higdon, and Bernard Rands. With Musical Dim Sum, the Yings have extended their repertoire while celebrating their own cultural heritage by including a selection of short works by Chinese American composers in the framework of a traditional concert.
The Ying Quartet teaches actively. It is the quartet-in-residence at the Eastman School of Music of the University of Rochester and frequently teaches at the Bowdoin International Music Festival in Brunswick, Maine, and at the Aspen Music Festival.
# Plagiobothrys acanthocarpus

Plagiobothrys acanthocarpus is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name adobe popcornflower. It is native to California and northwestern sections of Mexico, where it can be found in moist areas on clay soil, such as vernal pools. It is an annual herb with a spreading or erect stem 10 to 40 centimeters in length. The leaves are linear or lance-shaped to oblong and several centimeters in length. The plant is coated in rough hairs. The inflorescence is a series of tiny flowers, each with a yellow-throated, five-lobed white corolla less than 3 millimeters wide. The nutlets are covered in long prickles with some bristles between.
# The Tavern Knight

The Tavern Knight may refer to:
* The Tavern Knight (novel), a 1904 historical adventure novel
* The Tavern Knight (film), a 1920 British silent historical film, based on the novel
# Mushroom gravy

Mushroom gravy is a simple sauce that can be composed from stock (beef is typical, but chicken may be used), roux (a mixture of equal parts butter and flour to thicken), and mushroom base.
It can also be enhanced with mace, to add a delicate nutmeg flavor.
# Raynsford

Raynsford is a surname. Notable people include:
* Helene Raynsford (born 1979), British rower
* James Raynsford (1891–1956), American footballer
* John Raynsford (1482–1559), English politician
* Richard Raynsford (1605–1680), English judge
* Nick Raynsford (born 1945), British politician
# Millston, Wisconsin

Millston is a town in Jackson County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 136 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated community of Speck Oaks is located in the town. The census-designated place of Millston is also located in the town.

## History

Millston was created out of the town of Manchester in 1874.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 72.4 square miles (187.5 km$^2$), of which, 70.9 square miles (183.7 km$^2$) of it is land and 1.5 square miles (3.8 km$^2$) of it (2.02%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 136 people, 69 households, and 36 families residing in the town. The population density was 1.9 people per square mile (0.7/km$^2$). There were 98 housing units at an average density of 1.4 per square mile (0.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 94.12% White and 5.88% Native American.
There were 69 households, out of which 14.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.5% were married couples living together, 2.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.4% were non-families. 40.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.97 and the average family size was 2.62.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 16.9% under the age of 18, 3.7% from 18 to 24, 22.1% from 25 to 44, 33.1% from 45 to 64, and 24.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 117.3 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $27,500, and the median income for a family was $41,250. Males had a median income of $35,417 versus $23,125 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,914. None of the population and none of the families were below the poverty line.
# Looj

The Looj was a rain gutter (eavestrough) cleaning domestic robot made and sold by iRobot.
The Looj was not an autonomous robot, but rather a remote-controlled robot patterned after a toy tank with a power drill mounted on the front.

## Description

The Looj was a 2.25 inches (5.7 cm) tall and 3.25 inches (8.3 cm) wide robot that fit inside most gutters to clean out debris stuck inside them, such as leaves and pine needles. It had long treads on its side which allowed it to move inside the gutter, and an auger attached to its front. The auger, spinning flexible flaps at 500 RPM, dislodged and removed debris inside the gutter by flinging it sideways into the air. The device also had a detachable handle/remote, that was used to carry and operate the robot.
The first Looj models were powered by an internal 7.2 V NiCad rechargeable battery, which must be removed for charging. Later models use a Li-ion rechargeable battery instead.
The Looj was discontinued in 2017.

## Critical reception

The Looj was received favourably by reviewers prior to release. Crunch Gear said "If you place your ladder at a corner of the house – and your gutters are wide enough – you can easily clean out two sides of a house in a few minutes."
Looj won the Best of CES Innovations Award: Home Appliances in 2008.
# Leroy Searle

Leroy Searle is a distinguished professor of English and comparative literature at University of Washington, author, musician, and poet. His lifelong areas of study are American literature, history and theory of criticism, modernism, European and comparative romanticism, music arrangement and performance, photography, intellectual history and philosophy, and computer science. Specifically, Searle explores, and has published works on, philosophers such as Aristotle, Plato, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Kant, and Charles Sanders Peirce. He also specializes in notable American authors such as Henry James, William Carlos Williams, William Faulkner, and Walt Whitman.
In 2007, Searle was named the first Hanauer Honors professor. In this University of Washington Honors Program founded by Northwest Businessman Joff Hanauer, Searle teaches an annual class on topics related to Western Intellectual History. In addition, he is actively involved in the Honors Program, which includes serving on the Honors Faculty Council.
Searle was the founding director of the UW Humanities and Arts Computer Center, the former director of the Walter Chapin Simpson Humanities Center, and the director of the College Studies Program. He is one of the founding faculty members of the Program in Criticism and Theory, Comparative History of Ideas Program, and the Textual Studies Program. He has extensively served as the Graduate Program Coordinator in Comparative Literature. He served for three decades on the UW Intellectual Property Management Advisory Committee, and as chair in the year before the committee's function was integrated into UW Co-Motion. Searle's current project is the establishment of the "Tautegory Institute," for the development of cross disciplinary conversations, critical reading, and research.
Searle received his bachelor's degree in English at Utah State University in 1965. Five years later, he acquired a master's (1968) and Ph.D. degree (1970) in English at the University of Iowa.

## Current works in progress

* "Plato, Aristotle, and the Poets"
* "Visible Intelligence: Essays on Photography, Theory and Criticism"
* "Imaginative Reason: Essays in Philosophical Criticism"

## Partial bibliography

* Radical, Rational, Space, Time: Idea Networks in Photography (1983)
* Critical Theory since 1965 (1985)
* Conceptual Structures: Fulfilling Peirce's Dream; Fifth International Conference on Conceptual Structures (1997)
* Concerning the Power of the Preposition: The Photographs of Nathan Lyons (2004)
* Technology and the Perils of Poetry; or Why Criticism Never Catches Up (2004)
* Voice, Text, Hypertext: Emerging Practices in Textual Studies (2004)
* Critical Theory Since Plato (coedited with Hazard Adams) (2005)
* Textual Authority, Textual Integrity: The Cultural Importance of Editorial Ethics (2006)
* Literature Departments and the Practice of Theory (2006)
* From Inference to Insight: a Peircean Model of Literary Reasoning (2008)
* Prospects for Theorizing, vol. 25 (2007), 37-79 (published 2009)
# Schizaphis

Schizaphis is a genus of aphid in the family Aphididae superfamily Aphidoidea, order Hemiptera. Its original distribution is the Palaearctic, but some species have been introduced to other parts of the world. There more than 40 recognized Schizaphis species worldwide.

## Species

These 46 species belong to the genus Schizaphis:
* Schizaphis acori (Shinji, 1922)
* Schizaphis agrostis Hille Ris Lambers, 1947
* Schizaphis aurea Miyazaki, 1988
* Schizaphis borealis Tambs-Lyche, 1959
* Schizaphis brachytarsus (Takahashi, 1961)
* Schizaphis caricicola Pashtshenko, 1988
* Schizaphis caricis (Schouteden, 1906)
* Schizaphis chaenometicola Zhang, 1998
* Schizaphis cuprea Miyazaki, 1988
* Schizaphis dubia Huculak, 1968
* Schizaphis eastopi van Harten & Ilharco, 1971
* Schizaphis eriophori (F.P.Muller, 1974)
* Schizaphis glabra (Ilharco, 2002)
* Schizaphis gracilis Richards, 1963
* Schizaphis graminum (Rondani, 1852)
* Schizaphis hierochlophaga Zhang & Chen, 1998
* Schizaphis holci Hille Ris Lambers, 1947
* Schizaphis hypersiphonata Basu, 1970
* Schizaphis jaroslavi (Mordvilko, 1921)
* Schizaphis longicaudata Hille Ris Lambers, 1939
* Schizaphis longicornis (Richards, 1961)
* Schizaphis longisetosa (Higuchi, 1970)
* Schizaphis longituberclata Zhang & Qiao, 1998
* Schizaphis mali
* Schizaphis mehijiwae (Uye, 1924)
* Schizaphis minuta (van der Goot, 1917)
* Schizaphis muhlenbergiae (Phillips & Davis, 1912)
* Schizaphis nigerrima (Hille Ris Lambers, 1931)
* Schizaphis nigra (Baker, 1918)
* Schizaphis palustris (Theobald, 1929)
* Schizaphis pashtshenkoae (Ilharco, 2002)
* Schizaphis phlei Orlob, 1961
* Schizaphis pilipes (Ossiannilsson, 1959)
* Schizaphis piricola (Matsumura, 1917)
* Schizaphis priori Stroyan, 1960
* Schizaphis pyri Shaposhnikov, 1952
* Schizaphis rosazevedoi (Ilharco, 1961)
* Schizaphis rotundiventris (Signoret, 1860)
* Schizaphis rufula (Walker, 1849)
* Schizaphis scirpi (Passerini, 1874)
* Schizaphis scirpicola (Hille Ris Lambers, 1960)
* Schizaphis thunebergi Heie, 1986
* Schizaphis variegata Ossiannilsson, 1959
* Schizaphis wahlgreni (Ossiannilsson, 1959)
* Schizaphis weingaertneriae Hille Ris Lambers, 1947
* Schizaphis werderi Börner, 1950
# Rudolph Delson

Rudolph Delson (born March 26, 1975) is an American author best known for his 2007 debut novel, Maynard and Jennica, published by Houghton Mifflin. Maynard and Jennica is a modern love story set in New York City.
Rudolph Delson was born and raised in San Jose, California, and his mother was a sculptor and his father an engineer. While growing up, he made a living as a litigation associate at the law firm of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP, a paralegal at the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice, and as a law clerk for James R. Browning of the United States Court of Appeals. He now lives in Brooklyn, New York. He graduated from Stanford University (BA & BS, 1997) and NYU Law School (JD, 2002).
While at NYU Delson was a member of the NYU Law Review, as a Notes Editor. His mother is now a real estate agent, and his father is retired.
# San Stefano (village)

San Stefano is a village in Karnobat Municipality, in Burgas Province, in southeastern Bulgaria.
Its name was originally Ismailfak (Исмаилфак).