OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nougat of Montélimar

Nougat de Montélimar is a confection speciality produced in Montélimar in the department of Drôme in France.

## History

Legend has it that Olivier de Serres had almond trees planted in the region near Montélimar to make nougat, but almond trees had been cultivated in Provence since at least the 14th and 15th centuries and between 1474 and the middle of the 16th century, the Lyon fairs already marketed almonds from Drôme and Ardèche.
The word nogat (from nux, walnuts, which became nuca in popular Latin, then noga in old Provençal), which became nougat at the beginning of the 19th century, was certified in 1607 in the Thresor de santé, a book on dietetics, to designate a confectionery from Provence and Languedoc.
The Montélimar nougat is composed of almonds, honey, and a light mousse of egg whites. The latter lightens the dough and gives it its traditional whitish color. Traditionally, nougat was baked at home, not by skilled nougat makers (in French nougatiers).
In 1701, when they were coming back from Spain on horseback, Louis, Duke of Bourgogne, and Charles, Duke of Berry stopped in Montélimar. The inhabitants offered them one quintal of Nougat (equivalent to 95 pounds (43 kg)). The sweet's reputation spread from this point.
The success of Montélimar nougat is mainly due to Montélimar's mayor, Émile Loubet, who was later elected President of France (1899–1906). During this period, he undertook a huge campaign promoting the nougat. He offered it to all crowned royalty in France, as well as to foreign Presidents coming to the Élysée Palace. Through these efforts, the reputation of nougat became international.
In 1968 the A7 autoroute was built and the Nougatiers took advantage of this opportunity. They set up shop in the Montélimar rest area, which is the largest in Europe, and sold their nougat to travellers passing by.
In 1993 the Nougatiers Federation applied for Nougat de Montélimar to be designated a Protected Geographical Indication (PGI). The application was granted in February 2003.
In Montélimar, there are still dozens of Nougatiers. The annual production is around 4,500 tons, and the Nougat industry employs about 300 workers.

## Trivia

The "Montélimar" is famously cited among a variety of candy flavours in the Beatles' song "Savoy Truffle", written by George Harrison and recorded on their 1968 album The Beatles (also known as "the White Album").

## Sources

* Everett, Walter (1999). The Beatles as Musicians: Revolver Through the Anthology. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-512941-5.
# Vrinda Singh

Vrinda Singh (वृंदा सिंह) is an Indian author. Both her books — Murky Girl and 5 Minutes — are based on themes focusing on women. Singh published Murky girl as her first book. She later published 5 minutes, a romantic thriller as her second work.

## Reception

Times of India critiqued her book:
   Perhaps the ideas presented in the book are quite different; a part of their jolt is lost due to weak demonstration. The reader is made to straightaway deal with elements of pain without much warning. The book is presented without a foundation on what one has to follow and what should one expect."
T Rajkumari Sharma Tankha at New Indian Express said, "This book of over 16 chapters is a collection of real-life incidents. Its lucid and fast-paced style of writing keeps the reader hooked till the end" Vineet Sharan at Jagran wrote about Murky Girl, "(translated) The way Singh has written the book, it compels the reader to question the realities of this world. However, at many places, the characters don't come very strong. It is felt that the emotions of the characters had the potential to come out more vividly at some spots." Joshua Mark from Dajji World remarked "While Vrinda's ideas are powerful, the lack of appropriate pace in writing has hampered effective delivery. Sometimes, one may be compelled to reread the episode to check for its repetition.
Shraddha Kamdar from Femina reviewed, "Beginning with a bang, the book shows some promise as we follow Pooja from home to college, hostel and work life. While the author has tried hard to hold the reader’s interest, unfortunately a large part of the novel comes across as purposeless and without direction. The superficial way in which incidents are narrated and human reactions are portrayed does not arouse any empathy in the mind of the reader."
# Naivaadhoo (Haa Dhaalu Atoll)

Naivaadhoo(Dhivehi: ނައިވާދޫ) is one of the inhabited islands of Haa Dhaalu Atoll administrative division and geographically part of Thiladhummathi Atoll in the north of the Maldives.

## Geography

The island is 291.48 km (181 mi; 157 nmi) north of the country's capital, Malé.

## Other government buildings in Naivaadhoo

* Naivaadhoo council idhaaraa
* Naivaadhoo Magistrate Court
* Mosque
* Naivaadhoo Health Center
* Naivaadhoo School

## Clubs and NGOs in Naivaadhoo

There are four clubs and two NGOs operating in Naivaadhoo. They are:
* Trainers Sports Club
* Naivaadhoo Zuvaanunge jamiyya
* Naivaadhoo Isdharivaruoge jamiyya

## Holhuashi in Naivaadhoo

Holhuashi are social meeting places.
* Umarumaizaan
* Ban'dharu hiyaa
* Mdp holhu ashi
# Summer Rappaport

Summer Rappaport (née Cook) is an American professional triathlete. At the 2020 Summer Olympics she competed in the women's triathlon race, placing 14th. During the 2019 ITU World Triathlon Series Rappaport took fifth in the final rankings.

## Early life

Rappaport graduated from Mountain Range High School in Westminster, Colorado in 2009. She attended Villanova University, where she was on the NCAA swim, cross country, and track and field teams. Rappaport graduated in 2013 with a degree in political science. Due to her high performance in both swimming and running, she was recruited by USA Triathlon's collegiate recruitment program, which began her triathlon career.

## Career

In 2014, Rappaport finished 5th at the Mixed Relay Pan American Championships. In the following season, she finished 2nd at the ITU Triathlon World Cup event in Alanya.
For the 2016 racing season, Rappaport won the 2016 ITU World Triathlon Series event in Edmonton. This was alongside World Cup victories in Chengdu, Tongyeong, and second place finishes in Salinas and Alanya, with the latter bettering her placing from the previous year. She finished the year ranked 19th in the World Triathlon Series. The next racing year, in 2017, Rappaport took gold at Miyazaki, Tongyeong (for the second year running) and Yucatan in the ITU Triathlon World Cup. She finished 2017 ranked 10th in the ITU World Triathlon Series.
In 2018, Rappaport took gold at Miyazaki and Antwerp in the ITU Triathlon World Cup. Later on, in the run-up to the Leeds ITU World Triathlon Series race, Rarraport's bike was broken in transit and was ultimately registered a DNF in the race, having struggled with her mindset. She would finish the year ranked 25th in the World Triathlon Series, a drop of 15 places over the previous year. The following year Rapport rebounded by finishing on the podium in three races in the World Triathlon Series level, with second places at Edmonton and Yokohama, and third at the Hamburg race. She also took gold in the Huatulco World Cup event. She finished 2019 ranking 5th in the Series, which was her best season placing to date.

## Personal life

In 2018, she married Ian Rappaport.
# Ministry of Information, Communications, Transport and Tourism Development

The Ministry of Information, Communications, Transport and Tourism Development (MICTTD) is a government ministry of Kiribati, headquartered in Betio, South Tarawa.

## Ministers

* Babera Kirata (1979–1982) for Works and Communications
* Temate Ereateiti (2007–2011)
* Taberannang Timeon (2011–2013)
* Rimeta Beniamina (2013–2016)
* Willie Tokataake (2016–2020)
* Tekeeua Tarati (2020–)
# Puccinellia pumila

Puccinellia pumila is a species of grass known by the common names dwarf akaligrass and smooth alkali grass. It is native to North America where it grows along the coastline in the northern latitudes, from Alaska across Arctic northern Canada to Greenland. It occurs on the coast of the Pacific Northwest in the United States and it is known from the Kamchatka Peninsula. The grass is only found on the coast, in wetland habitat, beaches, and areas inundated by the highest tides, in saline sand and mud. This perennial grass grows decumbent or erect to a maximum height near 40 centimeters, often remaining much smaller, especially in harsh habitat. It may root at stem nodes which become buried in wet substrate. The inflorescence is a dense or open array of branches bearing spikelets.

## Conservation status in the United States

It is listed as special concern and believed extirpated in Connecticut. and as historical in Rhode Island.
# Myelobia biumbrata

Myelobia biumbrata is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Schaus in 1922. It is found in Guatemala.
# Margaret Carver Leighton

Margaret Carver Leighton (December 20, 1896 – June 19, 1987) was an American children's author.

## Education

Leighton was born in Oberlin, Ohio. She attended schools in Cambridge, Massachusetts; France; and Switzerland while her father was on sabbatical in those countries. She obtained her B.A. degree from Radcliffe College in 1918.
On May 5, 1921, Margaret married James Herbert Leighton. They had four children: James Herbert, Mary, Thomas Carver, and Sylvia. Leighton's husband died in 1935. The family soon moved to California, where she began to write children's books, inspired by her own children's antics.
Her most famous work is Shelley's Mary: A Life of Mary Godwin Shelley, published in 1973.
She was a member of the Westfield, New Jersey, Board of Education from 1930 to 1934, a member of the Santa Monica Public Library Board of Trustees, the Authors League of America, and P.E.N., serving as president at the Los Angeles center from 1957 to 1959.
Margaret Carver Leighton died on June 19, 1987, in Santa Monica, California.

## Works

* Junior High School Plays: Ten Short Plays on the American Epic (1938)
* The Secret of the Old House (1941)
* Twelve Bright Trumpets (1942, published in England as The Conqueror, and Other Tales from the Middle Ages )
* The Secret of the Closed Gate (1944)
* The Singing Cave (1945)
* Judith of France (1948)
* The Sword and the Compass: The Far-Flung Adventures of Captain John Smith (1951)
* The Secret of Bucky Moran (1952)
* The Story of Florence Nightingale (1952)
* The Story of General Custer (1954)
* Who Rides By? (1955)
* Comanche of the Seventh (1957)
* The Secret of Smuggler's Cove (1959)
* Journey for a Princess (1960)
* Bride of Glory: The Story of Elizabeth Bacon Custer (1962)
* Voyage to Coromandel (1965)
* The Canyon Castaways (1966)
* A Hole in the Hedge (1968)
* Cleopatra, Sister of the Moon (1969)
* The Other Island (1971)
* Shelley's Mary: A Life of Mary Godwin Shelley (1973)
# Vittoria Farnese

Vittoria Farnese (29 April 1618 – 10 August 1649) was an Italian noblewoman. She was born in Parma, the daughter of Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma and Margherita Aldobrandini, niece of Pope Clement VIII. On 12 February 1648 she married Francesco I d'Este, widower of her sister Maria Farnese. Vittoria died in Modena in 1649, dying while giving birth to the couple's only child, also called Vittoria (1649–1656). Francesco then married a third time, to Lucrezia Barberini, in Loreto in October 1654.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Vittoria Farnese :
# Mansukh Bhuva

Mansukh Bhuva is a Member of Legislative assembly from Dhari constituency in Gujarat for its 12th legislative assembly.
# Where's Your Cup?

Where's Your Cup? is an album by Henry Threadgill released on the Columbia label in 1997. The album features seven of Threadgill's compositions performed by Threadgill's Make a Move band: Brandon Ross, Tony Cedras, Stomu Takeishi, and J.T. Lewis.

## Reception

The Allmusic review by John Uhl awarded the album 4 stars, stating, "Even though Henry Threadgill is often considered "difficult to listen to," most blindfolded listeners would probably find themselves identifying any randomly selected 20-second segment of Where's Your Cup as something a little more mainstream... Such is the elusiveness of Threadgill's a-bit-of-everything approach to modern jazz, a style-collage sound he achieves here with a lot of help from his band, Make a Move... But give the credit of assembling these varied and sundry elements into a consistent product to Threadgill. Where's My Cup has its highly organized moments as well, which possess the same spaced-out mysteriousness as all the clamoring jam-out uproar".
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |

## Track listing

All compositions by Henry Threadgill
* "100 Year Old Game" - 10:54
* "Laughing Club" - 5:00
* "Where's Your Cup?" - 11:14
* "And This" - 13:40
* "Feels Like It" - 6:39
* "The Flew" - 9:50
* "Go to Far" - 8:56
Recorded at East Side Sound, New York City in August 1996

## Personnel

* Henry Threadgill - alto saxophone, flute
* Brandon Ross - electric guitar, classical guitar
* Tony Cedras - accordion, harmonium
* Stomu Takeishi - 5-string fretless bass
* J.T. Lewis - drums
# List of mines in Chile

This is a list of mines in Chile organized by product.

## Copper

* Candelaria mine
* Mantos Blancos mine
* Mantoverde mine
* Escondida
* Chanarcillo
* Los Pelambres mine
* Chuquicamata
* El Salvador mine

## Gold

* Candelaria mine
* El Indio Gold Belt
* El Toqui mine
* Madre de Dios Mine
* Maricunga Gold Mine
* Pascua Lama
* San José Mine

## Silver

* Candelaria mine

## Titanium

* Cerro Blanco mine
# Myelobia incanella

Myelobia incanella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in Brazil (Parana).
# Valentine Holmes (barrister)

Sir Valentine Holmes, QC (24 July 1888 – 19 November 1956) was a British barrister who served as Junior Counsel to the Treasury (Common Law), commonly known as Treasury Devil, from 1935 to 1945. Almost uniquely among treasury devils, he was not elevated to the High Court bench, but instead remained at the bar after his service.
The third son of Sir Hugh Holmes, an Irish Unionist politician and judge, Valentine Holmes was educated at Charterhouse and Trinity College, Dublin, before being called to the English bar at the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple in 1913. During the First World War, he served in the Royal Artillery. After the war, he joined the chambers of Sir Leslie Scott and although the development of his practice was initially slow, he soon acquired a large practice, as well as a reputation as a libel specialist.
# Stuff (band)

Stuff was an American jazz fusion band during the late 1970s and early 1980s. The members were Gordon Edwards (bass guitar), Richard Tee (keyboards), Eric Gale (guitar), Cornell Dupree (guitar), Chris Parker (drums), and later Steve Gadd (drums).

## History

Edwards describes how the band was founded:
   "I was contracting and playing studio sessions, and hired Cornell for many of the dates – so we started recruiting for the band. One day at Rudy Van Gelder's – I remember it was a hell of a job; it was for Queen Esther Marrow, great singer. George Benson was on the job, Bernard Purdie, and Richard Tee on keyboards. Esther asked me if she could use the band for a club date she had lined up – a club called Mikell's in New York City. We did play there, and Richard Tee stopped by one time and he started coming every night. We only worked Monday through Thursday, and Mikell's was packed, wall to wall, round the block."
After parting ways with Esther the band returned to play there every week:
   "Steve Gadd came by one night to sit in with us, as did Eric Gale, and they both became a part of the band. We were rolling heavy, and one night I was approached by Michael Lang, the gentleman who put on Woodstock, who said he was sure he could get us a record deal – were we interested. Sure enough Warner Bros. flew in from California to hear us live. They liked us, but we couldn't use the name The Encyclopaedia of Soul – it was too long. I remember we were in a diner that was on the corner by Atlantic Records one day; there was me, Michael Lang, Cornell Dupree and Erma Dupree and we were trying to decide what we would call the band. It was Erma who said, "You know Gordon, you always call everybody stuff, I don't care who it is. You should call the band Stuff."
They joined Van McCoy's big disco hit "Hustle" in 1975. Members of Stuff were among the most sought after session musicians of that era, playing with Aretha Franklin, John Lennon and Paul Simon; they supported Joe Cocker during his world tour to promote his Stingray album and performed with Saturday Night Live in its second season. The band released five albums between 1975 and 1980. Their second full-length studio album: More Stuff earned a Grammy nomination. Stuff's first album was recorded at Long View Farm in North Brookfield, Massachusetts and produced by Herb Lovelle in 1976. In Japan it was certified platinum.
Stuff was associated with Mikell's, the New York jazz club where session musicians would meet for jam sessions with visiting soul, jazz, and funk musicians.

## Discography

* 1976 Stuff (Warner Bros.)
* 1977 More Stuff (Warner Bros.)
* 1978 Live Stuff (Warner Bros.)
* 1979 Stuff It (Warner Bros.)
* 1980 Live in New York (Warner Bros.)
* 1996 The Right Stuff (Warner Bros.)
* 2008 DVD: Live at Montreux 1976 (Eagle Rock)
# Voja Mirić

Vojislav "Voja" Mirić (Serbian Cyrillic: Воја Мирић; 7 April 1933 – 23 April 2019) was a Serbian television and film actor most noted for his role as Ahmed Nurudin in the 1974 Yugoslav movie Dervis i smrt (popularly known as Death and the Dervish).

## Life

Vojislav "Voja" Mirić was born on 7 April 1933 in Trstenik, central Serbia. His film career spanned over 30 years. His first appearance on television was in the series Veliki poduhvat in 1960. In 1964 he won the "Silver Arena" award as Best Actor in the Pula Film Festival of Yugoslavian Films for the Fadil Hadžić movie Službeni položaj. His most notable performance came as the medieval Bosnian Dervish in the 1974 movie Derviš i smrt (The Dervish and Death). His last appearance was in Amnezija in 1994.
# Vukmanovac

Vukmanovac is a village in the municipality of Rekovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 477 people.
# Zama Lake Airport

Zama Lake Airport formerly TC LID: CFT9 was a registered aerodrome located near to both Zama Lake and Zama City, Alberta, Canada.
# Rustle

Rustle, rustler, rustlers or rustling may refer to:

## Livestock theft

* Cattle rustling, the theft of cattle
* Horse rustling, the theft of horses
* Bee rustling, the theft of bees

## Arts, entertainment and media

* Rustlers (1919 film), an American short Western
* Rustlers (1949 film), an American Western
* King City Rustler, and American local weekly newspaper

## Businesses and organisations

* Rustlers (convenience food), a range of burgers and hot sandwiches made by Kepak
* Rustler Steak House, an American steakhouse chain
* Rustler Yachts, a British yachtbuilder

## Other uses

* Rustle noise, a noise consisting of aperiodic pulses
* Rustler Formation, a geologic formation in Texas
* Rustler Peak, a summit in the U.S. state of Oregon
* Mazda Rustler, a version of the Ford Bantam pickup truck
# Wharton's jelly

Wharton's jelly (substantia gelatinea funiculi umbilicalis) is a gelatinous substance within the umbilical cord, largely made up of mucopolysaccharides (hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate). It acts as a mucous connective tissue containing some fibroblasts and macrophages, and is derived from extra-embryonic mesoderm of the connecting stalk.

## Umbilical cord occlusion

As a mucous connective tissue, it is rich in proteoglycans, and protects and insulates umbilical blood vessels. Wharton's jelly, when exposed to temperature changes, collapses structures within the umbilical cord and thus provides a physiological clamping of the cord, typically three minutes after birth.

## Stem cells

Cells in Wharton's jelly express several stem cell genes, including telomerase. They can be extracted, cultured, and induced to differentiate into mature cell types such as neurons. Wharton's jelly is therefore a potential source of adult stem cells, often collected from cord blood.

## Etymology

It is named for the English physician and anatomist Thomas Wharton (1614–1673) who first described it in his publication Adenographia, or "The Description of the Glands of the Entire Body", first published in 1656.

## Isolation of stem cells protocol

After obtaining the umbilical cord from the donor, it is transported to the laboratory in a cold and sterile environment using a transfer buffer that contains phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Subsequently, the vessels should be eliminated from the umbilical cord tissue on a sterile plate with the aid of autoclaved scissors. The sections of the umbilical cord tissue that are devoid of arteries should then be fragmented into smaller fragments. These tissue fragments are subsequently placed in a sterile cell culture plate or cell culture flask, and the cell culture medium (enriched with fetal bovine serum and antibiotics) is added. Lastly, the flask containing the tissue fragments is placed in a CO2 incubator for a duration of 1-2 weeks. This process ultimately leads to the proliferation and migration of stem cells from the Wharton's jelly into the plate or flask.

## Marketing

A 2024 editorial described a direct-to-consumer marketing email from a company in Arizona advertising a "3 for 1" sale on Exosomes or Whartons Jelly. The email stated that the products are "manufactured in an FDA-registered, cGMP compliant, ISO certified lab", but did not mention that such birth products can be used only in a registered clinical trial, according to a directive from the United States Food and Drug Administration on May 31, 2021.
# List of mines in Estonia

This is the list of mines located in Estonia. The list is incomplete.
| Name | Extracting mineral or natural resource | Location (county, parish) | Further info |
| Aidu quarry | | | |
| Estonia quarry | oil shale | | |
| Käina seamud deposit | seamud | Hiiu County | Of national importance |
| Kohtla mine | oil shale | Ida-Viru County | Opened in 1937 |
| Marinova dolostone quarry | | | |
| Narva quarry | oil shale | | |
| Piusa sand mine | sand | Võru County, Võru Parish | |
| Rummu quarry | | | |
| Sillamäe | uranium | Ida-Viru County | Closed |
| Sirgala quarry | oil shale | | |
| Viivikonna quarry | oil shale | | |
| Viru quarry | oil shale | | |
# Ambisontes

The Ambisontes (Gaulish: 'those around the Isontia') were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the upper Salzach valley during the Roman period.

## Name

They are mentioned as Ambisontes by Pliny (1st c. AD), and as Ambēsóntioi (Ἀμβησόντιοι) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD).
The Gaulish ethnonym Ambisontes means 'the people from around the Isontia', stemming from the root *amb(i)- ('around, on both sides') attached to the name of the river Isontia (modern Salzach). The hydronym itself, while not necessarily Celtic, is most likely of Indo-European origin, and can be derived from the stem *[h₁]ish₁-ont- ('she who moves quickly').

## Geography

The Ambisontes lived in the upper valley of the Salzach river. Their territory was situated north of the Saevates and Laianci, south of the Alauni, and east of the Breuni and Cosuanetes.

## History

They are mentioned by Pliny the Elder as one of the Alpine tribes conquered by Rome in 16–15 BC, and whose name was engraved on the Tropaeum Alpium.