OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Susan Lee Johnson

Susan Lee Johnson is an American historian.

## Life

In 1978 Johnson received a B.A. in history from Carthage College in Kenosha, Wisconsin, and in 1984 an M.A. at Arizona State University, and in 1993 a Ph.D. from Yale University. Johnson currently holds the Harry Reid Endowed Chair for the History of the Intermountain West at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, and is an emeritus professor at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, Wisconsin.

## Awards

* 2001 Bancroft Prize

## Works

* Writing Kit Carson: Fallen Heroes in a Changing West. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2020. ISBN 978-1-4696-5883-4
* Roaring Camp: The Social World of the California Gold Rush. New York: W. W. Norton. 2000. ISBN 978-0-393-32099-2.
* The Lesbian Issue: Essays from Signs (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985), co-edited with Estelle Freedman, Barbara Gelpi, and Kath Weston. ISBN 978-0-226-26151-5
* “Writing Kit Carson in the Cold War: ‘The Family,’ ‘The West,’ and Their Chroniclers,” in On the Borders of Love and Power: Families and Kinship in the Intercultural American Southwest, ed. David Wallace Adams and Crista DeLuzio (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2012), pp. 278-318.
* “Nail This to Your Door: A Disputation on the Power, Efficacy, and Indulgent Delusion of Western Scholarship that Neglects the Challenge of Gender and Women’s History,” Pacific Historical Review 79, no. 4 (Fall 2010): 605–17.
* “The Last Fandango: Women, Work, and the End of the California Gold Rush,” in Riches for All: The California Gold Rush and the World, ed. Kenneth N. Owens (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2002), pp. 230–63.
* Kevin Starr; Richard Orsi, eds. (2000). "'My own private life': Toward a History of Desire in Gold Rush California". Rooted in Barbarous Soil: People, Culture, and Community in Gold Rush California. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22496-4.
* “‘A memory sweet to soldiers’: The Significance of Gender in the History of the ‘American West,’” Western Historical Quarterly 24, no. 4 (1993). Reprinted in:
** Clyde Milner ed. (1996) A New Significance: Re-envisioning the History of the American West, New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-510048-8
** Mary Ann Irwin; James Brooks, eds. (2004). Women and Gender in the American West: Jensen-Miller Prize Essays from the Coalition for Western Women's History. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 978-0-8263-3599-9.
* "The United States of Jessie Benton Fremont: Corresponding with the Nation", Reviews in American History, Volume 23, Number 2, June 1995
* Vicki Ruíz; Ellen Carol DuBois, eds. (2000). ""Domestic" Live in the Diggings: The Southern Mines in the California Gold Rush". Unequal sisters: a multicultural reader in U.S. women's history. Routledge. p. 105. ISBN 978-0-415-92516-7. Susan Lee Johnson.
# Surf Coast Highway

Surfcoast Highway (and its northern section within Geelong as Torquay Road, and its southern section as Surf Coast Highway) is a semi-rural highway in Victoria, Australia, connecting the city of Geelong with the coastal town of Torquay. The highway runs through the Armstrong Creek Growth Area, which is the subject of extensive residential development; closer to Torquay, tourist attractions the Narana Creations indigenous centre, Surf Coast Plaza retail centre, and the Surfworld museum are located along the highway.

## Route

Torquay Road starts at the intersection with Settlement Road in Belmont and runs south as a four-lane, dual-carriageway road through the southern Geelong suburb of Grovedale and crossing the Warrnambool railway line, continuing south until it reaches the intersection of Lower Duneed Road in Mount Duneed. It changes name to Surf Coast Highway and continues south, eventually running through central Torquay, before ending at the bridge over Spring Creek, where the road continues west as the Great Ocean Road.

## History

Construction to duplicate the Surfcoast Highway, 13.2km total between Grovedale and Torquay, commenced in November 1990, to aid higher traffic levels due to tourism and holidays and the growth of Torquay and neighbouring Jan Juc. Work was completed and opened in June 1993, for a total cost of $13.3 million. A link between Surfcoast Highway and the Geelong Ring Road, named Baanip Boulevard, was completed in June 2015.
Surfcoast Highway was signed as State Route 100 between Grovedale and Torquay in 1986; with Victoria's conversion to the newer alphanumeric system in the late 1990s, this was updated to route B100 in 1996.
The passing of the Road Management Act 2004 granted the responsibility of overall management and development of Victoria's major arterial roads to VicRoads: in 2004, VicRoads re-declared the road as Surfcoast Highway (Arterial #6190), beginning at Corio-Waurn Ponds Road (today Settlement Road) at Belmont and ending at Great Ocean Road in Torquay; this declaration formally includes today's Torquay Road, but signposts along this section have kept its original name.

## Major intersections

| LGA | km |
| | Torquay Road – Belmont |
| | Settlement Road (A10 west, A10/Tourist Drive 21 east) – Colac, Geelong |
| | Pioneer Road (C133) – Highton |
| | Baanip Boulevard (B130) – Colac, Melbourne via Geelong Ring Road (M1) |
| | Lower Duneed Road (C122 east) – Barwon Heads, Ocean Grove Mount Duneed Road (west) – Mount Duneed |
| | Great Ocean Road (B100/Tourist Drive 21) |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Route transition ||||||
# Sushil Chandra

Sushil Chandra (born 15 May 1957) is a 1980 batch IRS (IT) officer. He was the 24th Chief Election Commissioner of India. He previously served as the Chairperson of the Central Board of Direct Taxes.

## Personal life

Sushil Chandra was born on 15 May 1957 in Chandausi UP. He completed B-Tech from Roorkee University and LLB from DAV College, Dehradun. He has also attended various trainings at the IMF, Indian Institute of Management Bangalore and the Wharton School on management.

## Career

He started his career in the Indian Engineering Service. Later joined the 1980 Batch of the Indian Revenue Service.   Under his chairmanship of the Central Board of Direct Taxes he contributed greatly to the Operation Clean Money.
He has been Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) International Taxation, Delhi. He was also the Director of Investigation, Mumbai and Director General Investigation, Gujarat.   On 15 February 2019, he was appointed as the Election Commissioner of India and took office as the Chief Election Commissioner of India on 13 April 2021.
He has been involved in 16 elections including five as chief election commissioner. He retired on 14 May 2022, Rajiv Kumar succeeded him. In, February 2024 he was appointed as a non-judicial member of Lokpal where he served till 14 May 2027.
# Swallow (1820 ship)

Swallow was launched in Shelburne, Nova Scotia, possibly in 1820, and was registered at Saint John, New Brunswick, in 1825, and then in Plymouth, Great Britain. She was wrecked in the Azores in 1829.
In 1825 Swallow sailed to Great Britain and assumed British Registry. She first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1826 with L.John, master, Broderick, owner, and trade Cork–Gibraltar.
The Register of Shipping (RS) for 1829 showed Swallow with Johns, master, Broderick, owner, and trade London–Fayal.
Swallow was wrecked off Pico on 11 July 1829 with the loss of a crew member, her mate. She was on a voyage from Fayal to Plymouth, Devon.
At the time one of her passengers was James Weddell, whose ship Jane had become leaky on a voyage from Buenos Aires to Gibraltar and been condemned at Fayal. Her cargo had been transferred to Swallow and was completely lost.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 LR Supple. pages "S", Se.№99.
* 1 2 3 "The Register of shipping". Lloyd's Register: Shipowners: 35 v. 1963.
* 1 2 3 Library and Archives Canada Item: 65675: SWALLOW.
* ↑ "(untitled)". The Standard. No. 706. 20 August 1829.
* ↑ "Gale - Institution Finder".
# Survival Challenge

Survival Challenge is a computer-moderated, science fiction play-by-mail (PBM) game. It was published by Mindgate in 1987. Players role-played customizable characters attempting to escape an alien planet with 19 other players. Game turns encompassed a 24-hour period and players had to survive 15 days to escape the planet. The most important part of the game was determining at the outset what equipment to carry and approach to take during play. It received multiple reviews in gaming magazines in 1988, praising its premise and noting its simplicity. One reviewer thought it too simple for serious gamers.

## History and development

Survival Challenge was a computer moderated, science fiction PBM game of survival published by Mindgate of Sacramento, CA. David Peterson was Mindgate's owner and gamemaster, which also published the PBM game Stars of the Dark Well. The company announced the game's launch in the March–April 1987 issue of Paper Mayhem. It announced in the July–August 1989 issue that it was ending play to focus on Stars of the Dark Well.

## Gameplay

Players role-played a customizable character trying to survive on an alien planet. There were up to 15 players per game. Each turn equaled one day. Gameplay occurred on a hex map. The purpose was to make it through 15 days and escape the planet. Players could also compete among each other through the game's point system.
Players determined at the outset what items to carry from a list of 33 (twenty kilograms max). These included food, water, weapons, and various types of survival gear. These initial choices were the most important part of the game.
Three general approaches were available to players: "total defensive, allied offensive, or lone offensive". Players had ten possible actions. These included do "First Aid", "Get" items, "Hunt", "Move", "Scan", "Sleep", "Track", and others. Combat among players was possible.
In the March–April 1988 issue of Paper Mayhem, Mindgate announced the conclusion of game No. 1 where only five of 20 players "made it onto the lander and escaped the clutches of the planet".

## Reception

Michael Horn reviewed the game in the March–April 1988 issue of Paper Mayhem. He thought it simple and fun, stating "All in all, "Survival Challenge" is one of the better games of this type that I've seen and worth the turn fee." Tim Sullivan thought the game's premise interesting but stated, "Unfortunately, after the initial setup and first few turns, serious gamers will be disappointed by Survival Challenge". He thought the simplicity and value might appeal to some players.
# Susanne (given name)

Susanne is a feminine given name. It is a German and Scandinavian form of Susanna, with Susann and Suzanne as variants.
Notable persons with the given name Susanne include:
* Susanne Antonetta (born 1956), American poet and author
* Susanne Bier (born 1960), Danish film producer, director and writer
* Susanne Blakeslee (born 1956), American voice actress
* Susanne Ditlevsen, Danish mathematician and statistician
* Susanne Eilersen (born 1964), Danish politician
* Marie-Suzanne Giroust (1734–1772), French painter
* Susanne Glesnes (born 1974), Norwegian beach volleyball player
* Susanne Hierl (born 1973), German politician
* Susanne Klatten (born 1962), German heiress
* Susanne Langer (1895–1985), American philosopher
* Susanne Lyons (born 1957), chair of the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC)
* Susanne Manning (born 1982), British singer and radio personality
* Susanne Osthoff (born 1962), German archaeologist
* Susanne Page, American photographer
* Susanne Riesch (born 1987), German alpine skier
* Susanne Schaper (born 1978), German politician
* Susan Ann Sulley (born 1963), formerly known as Susanne Sulley, British singer
* Susanne Sundfør (born 1986), Norwegian singer/songwriter
* Susanne Sunesen (born 1977), Danish para-equestrian
* Susanne Uhlen (born 1955), German actress
* Susanne Zenor (born 1947), American actress
# Suzanne Blum (lawyer)

Suzanne Blumel, known as Suzanne Blum (24 November 1898 in Niort, France – 23 January 1994) was a French lawyer and writer under the pseudonym L.-S. Karen with three crime novels.

## Early life

Suzanne Marguerite Blumel was born at Niort in western France, daughter of merchant Joseph Blumel and Amélie, née Cahen. The family were from Alsace.

## Career

As a lawyer, she joined the bar in 1922 and worked on several famous cases, notably representing Warner Brothers against Igor Stravinsky in a copyright case, and Rita Hayworth during her divorce from Prince Aly Khan. Upon the death of the Duke of Windsor, she looked after the assets of Wallis, Duchess of Windsor, and gradually became her single representative, until her death in 1986; Blum's presence and actions during these years are a subject of controversy. The biographer Hugo Vickers recounted that the Duchess's affairs had been the responsibility of Sir Godfrey Morley of Allen & Overy, but the "sinister" Blum had "sacked" him and taken control, the Duchess's "increasingly dismal health" meaning "Blum was able to do whatever she pleased"; much of her fortune was directed to the Louis Pasteur Institute in Paris, with which the Duchess had no known connection, she having had little interest in charity during her life.

## Personal life

In 1934, she married Paul Weill, the Duke of Windsor's attorney in Paris. He died in 1965, and she subsequently remarried, to General Georges Spillmann (died 1980).
# Morlincourt

Morlincourt (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.
# Mutawakkil Kazi

Mutawakkil Kazi was a Pakistani civil servant who served in BPS-22 grade as the Planning and Development Secretary of Pakistan and Chief Secretary Sindh. He also served as Cabinet Secretary of Pakistan for a very brief period as his tenure was cut short after the 1999 coup and he was transferred by General Pervez Musharraf.

## Education

He gained his master's degree in economics from the Williams College, US, in 1974, and his doctorate in economics from the Boston University in 1985.

## Career

He remained in the Prime Minister’s Secretariat during the tenures of prime ministers Moeen Qureshi and Benazir Bhutto. Subsequently he was appointed as Member Planning Commission and Chairman Planning and Development Board Punjab. He was appointed Cabinet Secretary by Prime Minister Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif just a few days before he was ousted from power in 1999. He remained Secretary Ministry of Planning and Development from 2000 till 2003. Subsequently he was Chief Secretary of Sindh in 2003-2004 before reverting to the Federal government as Secretary Industries and Production. After retirement from regular government service he worked as Member of the Federal Public Service Commission till January 2008.

## Death

After the end of his constitutional term in the Federal Public Service Commission, Kazi helped several social sector ministries in an advisory capacity through his expertise. He died suddenly on 1 June 2008 due to cardiac arrest.
# Patha Bhavana, Santiniketan

Patha Bhavana is an institution of primary and secondary education in Santiniketan, West Bengal, India. Founded by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore in 1901, starting with only five students, the school is characterized by its philosophy of learning with the heart in closeness to nature without any superficial barriers between teachers and students, as opposed to the strict, repetitive and the rote learning system that was mainstream during Tagore's childhood. Often referred to as an ashram system, initially what started out as this school, later grew into what is now Visva-Bharati University. It is one of the two primary and secondary school affiliated with the Visva-Bharati University; the other being Siksha Satra.

## Extracurricular activities

Sahitya Sabhas are literary and musical evenings, usually taking place each Tuesday, in which students share their own literary works, dance, music and short skits among themselves and with the community. The school also presents plays during the annual Rabindra Saptaho, along with all other bodies of the Visva-Bharati University.
Sports are an important part of campus life. There are annual competitions in the areas of music, dance and recitation. Often, professionals in the field of sciences are invited to evenings of discussions of contemporary scientific and social issues, along with the students. There is also a yearly picnic (Barshik Bonobhojon), as well as excursions to parts of West Bengal, including Bardhaman, Malda, Purulia, Chittaranjan etc.
The school has a number of committees such as the Environment Committee ("Paribesh Bibhag"), Health Committee ("Swastho Bibhag"), Justice Committee ("Bichar bibhag"), Food Committee ("Ahar Bibhag"), Literary Committee ("Sahitya Bibhag") etc. that govern and make decisions on matters related to student body. Apart from all this the school has a number of publications. One such publication is the quarterly news-paper "Resonance", which is entirely planned and executed by the senior students of the school.

## Notable alumni

* Amartya Sen, Nobel Prize-winning economist
* Arnab, Bangladeshi musician
* Benode Behari Mukherjee, painter and muralist
* Gayatri Devi, Maharani of Jaipur
* Indira Gandhi, Late Prime Minister of India
* Kanika Bandyopadhyay, Rabindrasangeet musician
* Ramkinkar Baij, Sculptor, Fine Arts
* Shantideb Ghosh, Rabindrasangeet singer
* Sudhi Ranjan Das, ex-Chief Justice of India - one of the first 5 students of Rabindranath Tagore at Patha-Bhavana (Brhmacharyashram).
* Rathindranath Tagore, Founder-Vice Chancellor, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan
* Pramathanath Bishi, author, educationist, and parliamentarian.
* Shivani, well known Hindi writer and Padma Shri award winner.
* Sujit Barman Roy, former Chief Justice of Orissa High Court
# Richard Honig

Richard Martin Honig (German:; 3 January 1890 – 25 February 1981) was a German penologist.

## Life

Richard Honig obtained his habilitation in 1919 and was appointed professor in 1925 in Göttingen. In 1933, he was forced from the university due to his Jewish heritage and his opposition to the Nazi policies. The same year, he was invited to join the newly founded University of Istanbul and emigrated to Turkey. There, he wrote a Turkish Introduction into jurisprudence and to philosophy of law (both 1934 f.). In 1939, he emigrated to the USA. Beginning in 1954 and after his retirement in the USA in 1963, he came regularly to teach American law and comparative law and conduct research stints to Germany, in particular in Göttingen. In 1974, the widowed Honig moved permanently to Göttingen, where he resided until his death on 25 February 1981 at the age of ninety-one.

## Works

* Die Einwilligung des Verletzten, 1919
* Studien zur juristischen und natürlichen Handlungseinheit, 1925
* Die straflose Vortat und Nachtat, 1927
* Römisches Recht, 1936
* Kirchenrecht, 1954
* Wiederaufnahme im amerikanischen Strafverfahren, 1969
* Schwurgericht, 1974
# Stephens Island

Stephens Island or Stephen Island may refer to:
* Stephen Island, Antarctica
* Stephen Island (Torres Strait), Queensland, Australia, also known as Ugar
* Stephens Island (Great Barrier Reef), Queensland, Australia
* Stephens Island (British Columbia), Canada
* Stephens Island (Nunavut), Canada
* Stephens Island (New Zealand), also known as Takapourewa
# Steve Duggan

Steve Duggan (born 10 April 1958) is an English former professional snooker player, who competed on the professional snooker circuit from 1983 to 1996. He reached the quarter-finals of the 1985 Matchroom Trophy.

## Biography

Steve Duggan was born on 10 April 1958, in Thurnscoe, England. In 1982 he won the Pontins Autumn Open tournament. He was accepted as a professional snooker player by the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association in 1983, and finished his first season ranked 54, falling to 70th after a further year.
In the 1985 Matchroom Trophy, Duggan defeated veteran Fred Davis, Ray Reardon, Ian Black and Willie Thorne 5–4 before losing in the quarter-finals, 2–5 to Cliff Thorburn. This marked the best run of Duggan's career up to, and after, that point, and helped improve his world ranking for the 1986–87 season to 35th.
Duggan played Rex Williams in the last 32 of the 1986 International Open, losing 4–5, and Jimmy White in the last 16 at the 1987 Classic, where White defeated him 2–5. At the British Open that year, he lost 2–5 to Thorne in the last 32, and he was eliminated 3–10 by Tony Chappel in the qualifying competition for the 1987 World Snooker Championship.
The following year, Duggan progressed further in the World Championship, but was defeated 5–10 by John Virgo in the last 48. In April 1988 Duggan made a 148 in a practice frame against Mark Rowing in Doncaster.
The 1988–89 snooker season saw Duggan reach the last 32 of the 1988 International Open, Grand Prix, Canadian Masters, and UK Championship. In 1989 he made his first appearance at the Crucible Theatre, in the last 32 of the World Championship. He had defeated Fred Davis, John Spencer and Mark Rowing in the qualifying rounds. Duggan defeated Cliff Wilson 10–1, but was eliminated 3–13 by Steve Davis in the last 16.
Having finished the 1995–96 season ranked 228th, Duggan lost his professional status.
# Steffen Basho-Junghans

Steffen Basho-Junghans (born Steffen Junghans; 27 November 1953 – 1 December 2022) was a German guitarist and composer.

## Biography

Basho-Junghans was born in North Thuringia in the former German Democratic Republic on 27 November 1953. At the age of 17 he taught himself to play acoustic guitar and in 1978 formed the folk band Wacholder. In 1979, influenced by the American guitarist Leo Kottke, he began performing solo instrumental music on 6- and 12-string guitar. Throughout the 1980s he became influenced by artists on John Fahey's Takoma Records label. During this period he discovered the music of Robbie Basho, and consequently became interested in Japanese haiku poet Matsuo Bashō, who had influenced Robbie Basho. Steffen Junghans incorporated the name 'Basho' into his own, as a mark of respect. Throughout the 1980s he lectured on acoustic guitar history and performed numerous concerts.
Basho-Junghans has released recordings on the German label Blue Moment Arts; the American labels Sublingual, Strange Attractors and Locust; the Italian label Sillyboy; the Australian label Preservation; and Kning Disk in Sweden, appears on several compilations. His music, unorthodox explorations between traditions and experimentation, is influenced by North American Indian, Asian, New music and European classical music.
Basho-Junghans died from cancer on 1 December 2022, at the age of 69.

## Discography

* 12-String Solo MC (Blue Moment Arts|Blue Moment Arts, 1989)
* In Search of the Eagle's Voice CD (BMA, 1995)
* Fleur De Lis 1 & 2 2x CD (BMA, 1996)
* Song of the Earth CD (Sublingual Records, 2000)
* Inside CD (Strange Attractors, 2001)
* Landscapes in Exile CD (Blue Moment Arts, 2001)
* Waters in Azure CD (Strange Attractors, 2002)
* Rivers and Bridges CD (Strange Attractors, 2003)
* 7 Books dbl CD (Strange Attractors, 2004)
* Unknown Music I: Alien Letter CD (Sillyboy, 2005)
* Unknown Music II: Transwarp Meditation CD (Preservation, 2005)
* In the Morning Twilight CD (Kning Disk, 2006)
* Last Days of the Dragons CD (Locust, 2006)
* Late Summer Morning CD (Strange Attractors, 2006)
* "IS" LP (Architects of Harmonic Rooms & Records, 2009)
* Unknown Music III: O Som Naha MC (Beartown Records, 2010)
# Rossellino

Rossellino is an Italian surname, or nickname referring to red hair. Notable people with the surname, or in the case of the Gamberelli brothers, nickname, include:
* Bernardo Rossellino or Bernardo di Matteo del Borra Gamberelli (1409–1464), Italian sculptor and architect
* Antonio Rossellino or Antonio Gamberelli (1427–1479, younger brother of the last), Italian sculptor