OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Salton

Salton or Saltoun may refer to:

## Places

* East Saltoun and West Saltoun, Scotland
* Salton, North Yorkshire, England
* Salton City, California
* Salton Sea
* Salton Sink
* Salton Trough

## Other uses

* Salton (surname), a surname
* Salton Inc., a manufacturer of home appliances
# Patricia Lascelles, Countess of Harewood

Patricia Elizabeth Lascelles, Countess of Harewood (née Tuckwell, formerly Shmith; 24 November 1926 – 4 May 2018) was an Australian-British violinist and fashion model. She was the second wife of George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood, eldest paternal first cousin of Queen Elizabeth II.

## Early life and career

Lascelles was born in Melbourne, the daughter of Charles Tuckwell, an organist, and his wife Elizabeth, and an older sister of Barry Tuckwell.
After being educated privately, she pursued a career in music as a violinist for the Sydney Symphony Orchestra.
She was also a fashion model and a favourite model of Athol Shmith, who became her first husband. While they were married, Patricia often modeled for him, under the name Bambi Smith. In 1951, she was one of the founders of the Mannequins' Association of Victoria. She ran the Bambi Smith Modelling College in Melbourne. Her alumnae include such notables as Roma Egan. After the opening of Melbourne's first television station, HSV-7, on 4 November 1956, she appeared on a number of early programs, including Beauty is My Business, in which her co-host was Mary Parker.

## Personal life

On 7 July 1948, Patricia married Athol Shmith in Melbourne, and they had one son, Michael (b. 1949), formerly a senior journalist for The Age 1981–2017. The couple divorced in 1957.
She later married George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood, on 31 July 1967 at Waveny Park, New Canaan, Connecticut (USA), having been forced to marry outside the UK by the Royal Marriages Act 1772, then still in force. The couple had met in Italy in 1959. They had one son, Mark, who was born on 5 July 1964, while the Earl was still married to his first wife, Marion Stein. This event was a society scandal, and resulted in the earl and his second wife being ostracised by the royal family for some years, although the Queen had given her consent to the marriage.

## Countess of Harewood

As Countess of Harewood, Lascelles helped manage the family seat Harewood House in Yorkshire, developing it as a centre for bird conservation and expanding it as a visitor attraction.
She was patroness of the Huntington's Disease Association. She was club patron of Leeds United from 2011 until 2017 when she was named honorary president of the club; her late husband had been president of Leeds United from 1961 until his death.
The Countess died at Harewood House on 4 May 2018.
# Reed's Candy

Reed's Candy was a range of candies manufactured by the Reed Candy Company in Chicago.

## History

Reed's candy was produced in the United States for over 100 years by Reed Candy Company. The Reed Candy Company is an American producer of confectionery, which was started by William and Eugene Reed of Chicago. Together with their father, they founded the company in 1893 for the production and sale of butterscotch candies.
They expanded the candy line with their top selling product, the hard candy roll. The cooking process consisted of using copper kettles to boil butter, corn syrup and other ingredients to create an individually hard finished candy. Machinery was custom made to allow the product to go from the cooking phase directly into packaging. The pieces were packaged eight to a roll, with a cellophane button-wrapper to protect freshness.
By 1921, the firm had become the largest manufacturer of butterscotch candy in the United States. Other flavors included peppermint, root beer, licorice, cinnamon, spearmint, butter rum, and teaberry.
By 1941, the firm made safety suckers: Paloops, which had a twisted paper rope loop, safer than a stick. By 1941, the firm made The Reed Poll.
On November 21, 1955, the Federal Trade Commission issued a complaint charging the Reed Candy Company with violation of Section 2(d) of the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914.
In 1962, Lorillard Tobacco Company purchased the Reed Candy Company, and operated it as a subsidiary. When Lorillard was bought by Loews Cineplex Entertainment several years later, the Reed Candy Company became a subsidiary of Loews. In February 1972, Loews Corporation decided to concentrate only in the entertainment industry, and sold the Reed Candy Company to HP Hood. The Reed Candy Company acquired D. L. Clark Company in 1973.
HP Hood divested the Reed Candy Company in 1981, which filed for bankruptcy the next year and shut down. Production resumed in 1983, when the company was purchased by its former president and chairman. In the 1980s, the Reed Candy Company had gum production outsourced in a co-packing arrangement with Amurol Products, a subsidiary of Wrigley Gum. Amurol bought Reed's (but not Clark) in 1989, and they discontinued production in 2006.

## Current

Iconic Candy Company of New York, a successor in interest of Reed Candy Company of Chicago, IL, is currently producing four original Reed's candy rolls in butterscotch, root beer, cinnamon, and peppermint flavors. It also produces 4 oz bags of individually wrapped hard candies in cinnamon, butterscotch, and root beer flavors.
# My Food Bag

My Food Bag is a New Zealand meal-kit home-delivery service providing customers with ingredients and recipes to cook meals. The company is publicly traded and was floated on the NZX and ASX on 5 March 2021.

## History

My Food Bag is New Zealand's longest-standing meal-kit provider. The business was co-founded by Cecilia Robinson and her husband James Robinson, together with celebrity chef and nutritionist Nadia Lim and her husband Carlos Bagrie, and Theresa Gattung.
My Food Bag was launched in Auckland, with first deliveries made in March 2013. My Food Bag expanded into the Wellington region in September 2013 and then into the South Island in November 2014.
In 2016, New Zealand private equity firm Waterman Capital invested in My Food Bag. In June 2018, co CEOs Cecilia and James Robinson moved to non-executive director roles and Kevin Bowler was appointed as CEO.

## Business

My Food Bag delivers its customers weekly boxes that contain recipes and the food ingredients needed to make their dinners for a week. Recipes are designed by My Food Bag's Development Kitchen team, and ingredients are predominantly sourced from local suppliers, with all meats and eggs being free range or free farmed.
My Food Bag has a broad range of products under the My Food Bag brand including My Family Bag, My Gourmet Bag and My Plant Based Bag to cater for different tastes and preferences.
In mid-2016, My Food Bag expanded its offering with the launch of Bargain Box and in 2017 launched a new product range designed specifically for people wanting to manage their weight. In 2019 My Food Bag entered the ready-made meal market.
The company now delivers more than one million meals each month.

## Awards

* Westpac Supreme Business Excellence Award (2017)
* TVNZ Marketing awards – Emerging Brand (2014)
* Deloitte Fast 50 – National Rising Star (2014)
* Westpac Excellence in Innovation Business Awards (2014)
# Maranon antshrike

The Maranon antshrike (Thamnophilus shumbae) is a passerine bird in the family Thamnophilidae according to some taxonomists. This non-migratory bird is native to Peru.

## Etymology

The specific name "shumbae" derives from the locality of Shumba, Cajamarca, Peru.

## Taxonomy

This species was previously classified by BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World as a subspecies of the collared antshrike (T. bernardi). The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society, the International Ornithological Committee, and the Clements taxonomy have not accepted the split and retain the taxon's subspecies status.

## Description

Thamnophilus shumbae are usually between 15 and 16 cm. They display significant sexual dimorphism. Males are observed to have a black throat, upper breast, and head with their bills being speckled in white. The crown on females is said to be entirely rufous.

## Distribution and habitat

The species is said to inhabit in lowland tropical and subtropical deciduous forest. They are also thought to occur in riparian zones and shrubland. They are found in the basin of Marañón River in Peru. The maximum in which the Maranon antshrike occurs is 1,000 m.
# Rosborough

Rosborough is the surname of the following people
* Henry Rosborough Swanzy (1843–1913), Irish ophthalmic surgeon
* Jim Rosborough (born 1944), American basketball coach
* Patty Rosborough, American stand-up comedian
* Samuel Rosborough Balcom (1888–1981), Canadian politician
# Yakov Rekhter

Yakov Rekhter is a well-known network protocol designer and software programmer. He was heavily involved in internet protocol development, and its predecessors, from their early stages.
Dr. Rekhter was one of the leading architects and a major software developer of the NSFNET Backbone Phase II. He co-designed the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), the core routing protocol of the Internet. He was also one of the lead designers of Tag Switching (of which MPLS is one form), BGP/MPLS based VPNs, and MPLS Traffic Engineering. Among his most recent activities is the work on MPLS Multicast, Multicast in VPLS, and Multicast in BGP/MPLS VPNs (aka 2547 VPNs). His other contributions to contemporary Internet technology include: GMPLS, Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) and IP address allocation for private Internets.
He is the author or co-author of more than 80 IETF RFCs, and numerous papers and articles on TCP/IP and the Internet. His recent books include: MPLS: Technology and Applications (Morgan Kaufmann, 2000) and Switching in IP Networks: IP Switching, Tag Switching and Related Technologies (Morgan Kaufmann, 1998).
Rekhter joined Juniper Networks in December 2000, where he was a Juniper Fellow. Prior to joining Juniper, Yakov worked at Cisco Systems, where he was a Cisco Fellow. Prior to joining Cisco in 1995, he worked at IBM T.J. Watson Research Center.
He retired from Juniper Networks and the industry in January 2015.

## Napkin Story

In January 1989 at the 12th IETF meeting in Austin, Texas, Yakov Rekhter and Kirk Lougheed sat down at a table to design what ultimately became the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). The initial BGP design was recorded on a napkin rumored to have been heavily spattered with ketchup. The design on the napkin was expanded to three hand-written sheets of paper from which the first interoperable BGP implementation was quickly developed. A photocopy of these 3 sheets of paper now hangs on the wall of a routing protocol development area at Cisco Systems in Milpitas, California.
# Vipin Handa

Vipin Handa is an Indian film director producer, industrialist and television personality from New Delhi, India. He has been anchoring shows on Indian television and runs his men's fashion label, Villa Appearances.

## Biography

Handa was born and bred in Delhi. He did his schooling at the Delhi Public School and obtained his B. Com. (Hons) from the Shri Ram College of Commerce. Handa made his directorial debut with Uff Yeh Mohabbat starring debutants Abhishek Kapoor and Twinkle Khanna. Handa has also written lyrics for numerous movies with lyricist Rani Malik. Handa has been absent from the media for a long time, and was last seen on Dastak, a television show where he presented the problems of the unfortunate such as rape victims, child sex workers and those suffering from medical negligence and old age. Dastak offered a telephone number with counselors to provide support to callers. After Dastak went off air, Handa launched Koshish Foundation, which provided education to unemployed adolescent girls all over India.
Handa is currently writing a book for Wisdom Tree, with 14 short stories in English and Hindi. He is also the advisory member of the Wisdom Tree panel. He writes for a weekly newspaper section called "Vipin Handa Speaks" and also runs his men's fashion brand called Villa Appearances, which are branched all over India. Handa is currently planning to open a branch of boutique hotels with his son, Jehan Handa.

## Filmography

* 1996 Uff Yeh Mohabbat as Director

## Television appearances

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1981 | "Aapke Liye" | Host |
| 1981 | "Inse Miliye" | Host |
| 1982 | Aamne Saamne | Host |
| 1987 | Baaton Baaton Mein | Host |
| 1990 | Saptahiki | Host |
| 1992 | Fursat Mein | Host |
| 1997 | Box Office Speaks | Host |
| 1998 | Koshish | Host |
| 1999 | Black and White | Host |
| 2000 | Dastak | Host |
| 2001 | Subah Savere | Host |
| 2006 | Vipin Handa Speaks | Host |
| 2007 | Director's Special | Host |

## Awards

| Year | Title | Other notes |
| 1996 | Uff Yeh Mohabbat | Nominated for Best Directorial Debut |
| 2001 | Dastak | RAPA Award |
| 1994 | Baaton Baaton Mein | Best Talk Show |
| 2007 | AAFT Film Academy | Lifetime Achievement Award |
# Paty do Alferes

22°25′44″S 43°25′08″W﻿ / ﻿22.42889°S 43.41889°W﻿ / -22.42889; -43.41889
Paty do Alferes (Portuguese pronunciation:) is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro.

## Climate

Climate data for Avelar (Paty do Alferes), Rio Grande do Sul, elevation 507 m (1,663 ft), (1991–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.5 (86.9) | 31.1 (88.0) | 29.9 (85.8) | 28.4 (83.1) | 25.8 (78.4) | 25.2 (77.4) | 25.0 (77.0) | 26.1 (79.0) | 26.9 (80.4) | 28.1 (82.6) | 28.4 (83.1) | 29.9 (85.8) | 27.9 (82.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 23.9 (75.0) | 23.9 (75.0) | 23.1 (73.6) | 21.4 (70.5) | 18.5 (65.3) | 17.0 (62.6) | 16.6 (61.9) | 17.5 (63.5) | 19.5 (67.1) | 21.3 (70.3) | 22.2 (72.0) | 23.5 (74.3) | 20.7 (69.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 19.4 (66.9) | 19.0 (66.2) | 18.6 (65.5) | 16.5 (61.7) | 13.1 (55.6) | 11.2 (52.2) | 10.5 (50.9) | 11.2 (52.2) | 13.9 (57.0) | 16.4 (61.5) | 17.7 (63.9) | 19.0 (66.2) | 15.5 (59.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 213.5 (8.41) | 135.1 (5.32) | 133.2 (5.24) | 56.1 (2.21) | 40.6 (1.60) | 21.3 (0.84) | 14.1 (0.56) | 16.2 (0.64) | 53.2 (2.09) | 86.5 (3.41) | 173.4 (6.83) | 215.3 (8.48) | 1,158.5 (45.61) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 14 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 13 | 87 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 79.2 | 77.9 | 80.5 | 80.9 | 82.0 | 82.1 | 80.0 | 75.8 | 73.8 | 74.7 | 77.7 | 78.0 | 78.6 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 191.7 | 197.9 | 195.8 | 198.3 | 189.6 | 198.5 | 197.0 | 208.8 | 155.3 | 167.0 | 169.7 | 181.1 | 2,250.7 |
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (sun 1981–2010) ||||||||||||||
# Skip zone

A skip zone, also called a silent zone or zone of silence, is a region where a radio transmission can not be received. The zone is located between regions both closer and farther from the transmitter where reception is possible.

## Cause

When using medium to high-frequency radio telecommunication, there are radio waves which travel both parallel to the ground, and towards the ionosphere, referred to as a ground wave and sky wave, respectively. A skip zone is an annular region between the farthest points at which the ground wave can be received and the nearest point at which the refracted sky waves can be received. Within this region, no signal can be received because, due to the conditions of the local ionosphere, the relevant sky waves are not reflected but penetrate the ionosphere.
The skip zone is a natural phenomenon that cannot be influenced by technical means. Its width depends on the height and shape of the ionosphere and, particularly, on the local ionospheric maximum electron density characterized by critical frequency f$_o$F$_2$. It varies mainly with this parameter, being larger for low f$_o$F$_2$. With a fixed working frequency it is large by night and may even disappear by day. Transmitting at night is most effective for long-distance communication but the skip zone becomes significantly larger. Very high frequency waves and higher normally travel through the ionosphere wherefore communication via skywave is exceptional. A highly ionized Es-Layer that occasionally may appear in summer may produce such Sporadic E propagation.

## Avoidance

A method of decreasing the skip zone is by decreasing the frequency of the radio waves. Decreasing the frequency is akin to increasing the ionospheric width. A point is eventually reached when decreasing the frequency results in a zero distance skip zone. In other words, a frequency exists for which vertically incident radio waves will always be refracted back to the Earth. This frequency is equivalent to the ionospheric plasma frequency and is also known as the ionospheric critical frequency, or f$_o$F$_2$.

## Other

Skip zone is the subject of a film 'SKIPZONE' made in 1992 by UK artist, Peter Lee-Jones. It refers to areas in Scottish Highlands where it is difficult to obtain radio and TV reception.
In the episode "Short Wave" of Father Knows Best, the family hears a distress call from a small boat at sea. Jim explains that the reason they, and not the Coast Guard, can hear the transmission is because of a "skip".
# Skin cream

Skin cream may refer to:
* Cream (pharmacy), a preparation usually for application to the skin
* Moisturizer, a cosmetic preparation used for protecting, moisturizing, and lubricating the skin
# Westpark (Munich)

The Westpark is a large urban public park in Munich, Germany. It was designed by landscape architect Peter Kluska and completed in 1983. It hosted the International Garden Expo 83 that same year. The park covers an area of 720,000 m$^2$ (7,750,016 sq ft) (178 acres) extending 2.6 km from east to west. The Garmischer Straße divides the park into an eastern and western section.

## Sights and attractions
### Rose garden

The rose garden is made up of more than 20,000 roses and 500 different rose species. There also are two popular beer gardens.

### Lake stage

The western lake features a stage area (Seebühne) hosting open air movie screenings, live music and theater shows during the summer season.

### Asian gardens

Four of the originally 23 national gardens of the exhibit are preserved. The very first authentic Chinese garden in Europe is a walled garden that might have been constructed for an historic scholar. Around a pond the walkways leads along the four seasons and four parts of a lifetime. The Japanese garden was a gift from Munich's sister City Sapporo and combines elements from the Heian period. A Nepali pagoda was carved by 200 master carvers and transported to Munich. A free standing Thai-Sala hosts the first consecrated Gautama Buddha statue in Germany.

### Mollsee

The Mollsee is an artificial lake situated in the eastern section of the park. It frequently attracts model boat enthusiasts.
48°07′21″N 11°31′21″E﻿ / ﻿48.12250°N 11.52250°E﻿ / 48.12250; 11.52250
* This article about a Bavarian building or structure is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# René Huguenin

René Huguenin (born 9 August 1944) is a retired Swiss professional ice hockey player who played for HC La Chaux-de-Fonds in the National League A. He also represented the Swiss national team at the 1972 Winter Olympics.
# Tonna oentoengi

Tonna oentoengi is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Tonnidae, the tun shells.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 110 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Arafura Sea.
# Maranon pigeon

The Maranon pigeon, Peruvian pigeon or Salvin's pigeon (Patagioenas oenops) is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The International Ornithological Committee (IOC) calls this species Maranon pigeon. The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (AOS), the Clements taxonomy, and Handbook of the Birds of the World all call it Peruvian pigeon.
The Maranon pigeon is monotypic. It is closely related to the red-billed pigeon (P. flavirostrus) and the plain pigeon (P. inornata); the three may form a superspecies.

## Description

The male Maranon pigeon is 34 cm (13 in) long and females 31 to 34 cm (12 to 13 in). They weigh about 276 g (9.7 oz). Adult males' head, neck, and breast are dull reddish or reddish purple. The upperparts are blue-gray to dark gray with a purplish chestnut cast on the mid-back and wings. The underparts are light gray and the tail dark gray. The eye is black with orange and blue rings surrounded by bare blue-gray skin. Adult females are duller and browner as are juveniles.

## Distribution and habitat

The Maranon pigeon is found from extreme southeastern Ecuador southeast into Peru as far as the Department of La Libertad. It seasonally moves between riparian forest and dryer upslope forest. In elevation it ranges from 850 to 2,400 m (2,790 to 7,870 ft).

## Behavior
### Feeding

The Maranon pigeon forages in small groups. Its diet is not well known, but it has been observed eating ripe coca seeds and fruits of Cordia lutea.

### Breeding

Essentially nothing is known about the Maranon pigeon's breeding phenology.

### Vocalization

* Songs and calls
* Listen to Maranon pigeon on xeno-canto
The Maranon pigeon's song is "a rhythmic series of coos, typically starting with a single note followed by triple notes repeated: 'rwhoOoh...pUh-hu-whoOOo...pUh-hu-whoOOo...pUh-hu-whoOOo...'."

## Status

The IUCN has assessed the Maranon pigeon as near threatened. "Habitat loss and degradation are presumably causing declines in both range and its small population."
# Roshan Abeysundara

Roshan Abeysundara is a Sri Lankan airman and swimmer, who also currently holds the Asian record for swimming across the Palk Strait as of April 2021.

## Swimming career

Roshan pursued his career in competitive swimming as a schoolboy at the Matara Central College where he also completed his primary and secondary education. He has also obtained level II standard from Sri Lanka Life Saving, the national body for life saving and water safety related activities in Sri Lanka. He underwent training from the veteran Sri Lankan swimmer Julian Bolling. He is currently affiliated as a Level III swimming instructor with the American Swimming Coaches Association.

### Palk Strait expedition

On 10 April 2021, Roshan intended to swim across Palk Strait starting from the point of Talaimannar at around Sri Lankan local time 2 am. He reached Danushkodi and in vice versa he swam from Danushkodi to Talaimannar covering distance of about 59.3 km with a record timing of 28 hours and 19 minutes. He also broke the 50 year old Asian record for completing Palk Strait expedition within a short time surpassing the record of 51 hours set in 1971 by fellow Sri Lankan swimmer V. S. Kumar Anandan.

## Air force career

He joined the Sri Lanka Air Force in 2008 as an Airman. He was of the rank of Leading aircraftman in 2021 at the time of his swim across Palk Strait. His expedition received adequate support and guidance from the Commander of the Air Force Sudarshana Pathirana and following his accomplishment he was promoted to the rank of Corporal.
# Tmesisternus lansbergei

Tmesisternus lansbergei is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae.
# Sam Wells

Sam Wells may refer to:
* Sam Wells (cricketer) (born 1984), New Zealand cricketer
* Sam Wells (filmmaker) (1950–2011), American experimental filmmaker and photographer
* Sam Wells (priest) (born 1965), English priest of the Church of England
* Samuel Garnet Wells (1885–1972), Australian artist, cartoonist, and caricaturist