OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Southern Air Command SAAF

Southern Air Command was a formation of the South African Air Force, active from the early 1980s to the early 1990s. Throughout its existence, it had its headquarters at Silvermine, in the Cape Province.

## Coastal Command

During the Second World War, a predecessor formation had been Coastal Command. 27 Squadron was formed from 33 Flight at St Albans in Port Elizabeth on 1 July 1942 and was deployed as a torpedo bomber / coastal reconnaissance squadron patrolling the South African coast flying aged Avro Ansons as part of Coastal Command. The command consisted of 27 Squadron SAAF at Walvis Bay and Rooikop and a detachment at Aus; 6 Squadron SAAF at Eerste River; 23 Squadron SAAF at Darling; 25 Squadron SAAF at Port Elizabeth and East London; 22 Squadron SAAF at Lombazi and Matubatuba; 29 Squadron SAAF also at Lombazi and 10 Squadron SAAF at Durban and Isipingo.
By the end of World War II, SAAF aircraft in conjunction with British and Dutch aircraft stationed in South Africa, had intercepted seventeen enemy ships, assisted in the rescue of 437 survivors of sunken ships and attacked 26 of the 36 enemy submarines that operated around the South African coast and had flown 15,000 coastal patrol sorties by August 1945.

## Maritime Command and Southern Command

After a reorganisation in the early 1980s that ended the existence of Maritime Air Command SAAF, the command was created. It included nine squadrons (three reserve), based at AFS Port Elizabeth, Cape Town Airport, and AFB Ysterplaat. These squadrons included two of Aermacchi MB.326s, 35 Squadron SAAF (Avro Shackleton), 27 Squadron SAAF (Piaggio P.166), 22 Squadron SAAF of Wasps and Alouettes, 30 Squadron SAAF of Super Frelons and Pumas, 16 Squadron SAAF (Alouettes), 25 Squadron SAAF flying Dakotas from Ysterplaat, and 88 Maritime Training School (Ysterplaat).
By the early 1990s the command had shrunk to four squadrons - two of Dakotas (25 and 35 Squadrons), 27 Squadron with Piaggio P.166As, and a squadron of Aérospatiale Alouette IIIs.
# Trypoxylon scutatum

Trypoxylon scutatum is a predatory wasp in the family Crabronidae.

## Distribution

This species is present in Europe.

## Description

Trypoxylon scutatum can reach a length of about 10 millimetres (0.39 in), with a head reaching a width of about 15 millimetres (0.59 in). These quite large wasps have a shiny black body, with large eyes. The hull that borders the frontal shield passes between the posterior ocelli and the anterior ocellum. It shows a strongly obtuse ventral angle, and a small enclosed space. The first gastral segment is rather short, especially in males.
# Tucker Creek

Tucker Creek may refer to:
* Tucker Creek (Castor River), a stream in Missouri
* Tucker Creek (Oregon County, Missouri), a stream in Missouri
# Tucutol River

The Tucutol River is a river of Roraima state in northern Brazil.
# Turbonilla alarconi

Turbonilla alarconi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.
# Tuhua orogeny

The Tuhua orogeny was a regional orogeny between 370 and 330 million years ago, now preserved in the Fiordland region of New Zealand. Early Paleozoic rocks such as Ordovician greywacke, slate and paragneiss in the Buller terrane, weakly metamorphosed greenschist and sub-greenschist rocks, Cambrian mafic volcanics, Ordovician limestone and Silurian clastic rocks were all deformed and metamorphosed. In addition, between 380 and 250 million years ago, metasediments reached amphibolite grade in the sequence of metamorphic facies.
In 1978, G.W. Grindley proposed that the Tuhua orogeny emplaced the Central Belt as a stack of nappe formations, with recumbent folding, thrusting and axial plane schistosity. The first rocks to be affected, like the Silurian Baton Formation and the Constant Gneiss were later intruded by the Tuhua Intrusive Group granitoids in the second phase of the orogeny during the Devonian.
# Turbonilla gonzaloi

Turbonilla gonzaloi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Description

The shell grows to a length of 2.5 mm

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Pacific Ocean off the Solomons.
# Turbonilla goudi

Turbonilla goudi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off the Côte d'Ivoire
# Turan Özdemir

Turan Özdemir (born 11 October 1952, Muğla - 15 January 2018, Istanbul) was a Turkish actor and voice actor. In 2006, he received the Best Actor Award at the 13th Golden Boll Film Festival for his role in the movie Donut Gaymak.

## Selected filmography

| Year | Title |
| 2001 | Tatlı Hayat |
| 2003 | Ekmek Teknesi |
| 2003 | Valley of the Wolves (TV series) |
| 2004 | Cennet Mahallesi |
| 2004 | Kadın İsterse |
| 2005 | Ice Cream, I Scream |
| 2007 | Mavi Gözlü Dev |
| 2007 | Adam and the Devil |
| 2010 | Geniş Aile |
| 2011 | Pis Yedili (dizi) |
| 2017 | Kiraz Mevsimi |
# Turlough Abbey

Turlough Abbey is a former monastery and National Monument located in County Mayo, Ireland.

## Location

Turlough Abbey is located about 600 m (650 yd) northeast of Turlough village.

## History

Turlough is an early monastic site, possibly founded in AD 441 by Saint Patrick.
In the ninth century an unusual low and squat round tower was constructed at the site.
In 1302 the Abbey was valued for the ecclesiastical taxation of Ireland. The Abbey survived the Dissolution of the Monasteries and a crucifixion plaque dated 1625 is an example of Counter-Reformation iconography.
The Abbey was finally dissolved and granted to Walter Burke or John Fitzgerald by King Charles I in 1635.
The site passed to the Fitzgeralds in 1653 and they were presumably responsible for the 18th century cruciform church with three round-headed windows in the chancel. Three crucifixion plaques have been built into the church. There is also the tomb of George Robert FitzGerald dated 1786.

## Buildings

The round tower is relatively low at 23 m (75 ft) tall, and wide with a rounded-headed doorway and four square-headed windows. It has a round-headed doorway 4 m (13 ft) above ground level.
# Turkwel River

The Turkwel River (sometimes spelled Turkwell River) is a river flowing from Mount Elgon on the border of Kenya and Uganda to Lake Turkana. The river is called the Suam River from its source to the border at Turkana County of Kenya. The name Turkwel is derived from the Turkana name for the river, Tir-kol, which means a river that "withstands the wilderness". The Turkwel begins on the lush green slopes of Mount Elgon and the Cherangani Hills, then traverses the Southern Turkana Plains, crosses the Loturerei Desert near Lodwar and empties into the world's largest desert lake, Lake Turkana. The river's flow is seasonally varied, and flash floods in the rainy season also occur at times.
The controversial Turkwel Dam was built by the Kenyan government from 1986 to 1991 with the help of France. The plan was to harness the waters of the Turkwel. The project was initially supposed to cost KSh. 4 billion, but ended up costing more than KSh. 20 billion. The dam partially filled the Turkwel Gorge and created the Turkwel Gorge Reservoir.

## Anthropology

In 1999, fossils reported from south of the river were assigned to Australopithecus sp. based on similarities with A. afarensis, although they were not the same. They were discovered by a multinational team in 1990 and brought to the National Museums of Kenya. These fossils include a metacarpal, capitate, hamate, lunate, pedal phalanx, mandibular fragment, and dental remains. They lacked the suspension and climbing capabilities in the hand and wrist of contemporaries, but had heavily muscled forearms that were adept at certain apelike types of precision gripping based on the suggested rotary capacity. These were assigned KNM-WT 22944 G through J, and they are 3.5 mya old from the Nachukui Formation.
# Turn On the Night

"Turn On the Night" is a song by the American rock band Kiss from their 1987 studio album Crazy Nights. It was the album's third and final single.

## Background and writing

The song was written by Paul Stanley and Diane Warren. As she says, she hadn't written many hits at that time, but Paul Stanley believed in her. Stanley in his turn says that it was Warren who came up with the title for the song and that she played the key role in its writing.

## Music video

The music video was directed by Marty Callner. It was shot in Worcester, Massachusetts on January 27, 1988.

## Commercial performance

"Turn On the Night" charted only in the UK, where it reached #41.

## Charts

| Chart (1988) | Peak position |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 41 |
# Tumba (Kongo)

The Kongo place stone figures called tumba (a Ki-Kongo word, pl. bitumba) on the graves of powerful people. Bitumba were created in Zaire and Angola during the nineteenth century and the first part of the twentieth. The term tumba comes from the Kikongo word "tumbama" which means "to be placed or set before". In the Punu language of the neighbouring Republic of Congo, the word itumbe means "image, engraving, statue", showing a relation.

## Materials and Dimensions

Bitumba were executed in soft stone. Their average height it close to 50 centimeters; the smallest bitumba measure between 15 and 20 centimeters and the largest are approximately a meter in height.

## Historiography

Artist Robert Verly gathered a large number of statues in the north of Angola near the Zaire border and, in the May 1955 issue of Zaire, he classified the objects by type and proposed an explanation for their use. In July 1978, the Institut des Musees Nationaux du Zaire at the Center for International Commerce of Zaire in Kinshasa mounted an exhibition of 72 bitumba called "Sculptures Stones from Lower Zaire."

## Styles and Themes

Bitumba sculptures are unique in their variety of styles. Robert Farris Thompson has identified about twenty workshops that explain stylistic individuality. The wide dispersal of the works, however, has made it impossible to localize their centers of production.
Bitumba are express a variety of themes. The most widely found - about twenty percent of statues belong to this type - is a figure who raises his hands in front of his face in a gesture often interpreted as praying. The second most prevalent theme is that of mother and child. The art of Lower Zaire, and especially the art of Mayombe, is known for privileging maternity subjects. The third theme is that of the "thinker," who holds on hand on the hip and the other pressed to check in an attitude of meditation.
# Tunica albuginea of testis

The tunica albuginea is a dense, blue-white layer of fibrous tissue surrounding the testis. It is the middle of three envelopes forming the capsule of the testis; it is deep to the visceral layer of tunica vaginalis, and superficial to the tunica vasculosa testis (vascular layer of testis).
The connective tissue of the tunica albuginea testis extends into the substance of the testis to form fibrous partitions - the septa testis. At the posterior aspect of the testis (where the serosa of testis is deficient to allow for the attachment of the epididymis), the tunica albuginea extends into the testis to form the mediastinum testis.

## Anatomy

It is thicker than the tunica albuginea of the ovary.

### Histology

It is composed of bundles of white fibrous connective tissue (from which it derives its name albuginea) which interlace in every direction.

## Additional images

* Transverse section through the left side of the scrotum and the left testis.
* Section of a genital cord of the testis of a human embryo 3.5 cm. long.
* Vertical section of the testis, to show the arrangement of the ducts.
# Tunisia at the 2022 World Athletics Championships

Tunisia competed at the 2022 World Athletics Championships in Eugene, United States, from 15 to 24 July 2022.

## Results

Tunisia entered 4 athletes.

### Key

* Q = Qualified for the next round
* q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
* NR = National record
* PB = Personal best
* SB = Season best
* N/A = Round not applicable for the event

### Men
#### Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semi-final | Semi-final | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Abdessalem Ayouni | 800 m | 1:46.59 | 23 Q | 1:46.08 | 12 | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Mohamed Amin Jhinaoui | 3000 m steeplechase | 8:22.00 | 18 | — | — | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Ahmed Jaziri | 3000 m steeplechase | 8:28.28 | 26 | Did not advance | Did not advance |

### Women
#### Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semi-final | Semi-final | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Marwa Bouzayani | 3000 m steeplechase | 9:12.14 PB | 3 Q | — | 9:20.92 | 9 |
# Turney

Turney may refer to:

## People

* Turney (surname)

## Other

* Turney, Missouri, village in Clinton County, Missouri, United States
* Turney Ranch Formation, a Mesozoic geologic formation, Dinosaur
# Turnerville

Turnerville may refer to:
* Turnerville, Georgia, an unincorporated community
* Turnerville, Kansas, an unincorporated community
* Turnerville, Wyoming, an unincorporated community
# Twins Party

Twins Party is the eleventh studio album by Hong Kong duo Twins. It was released on 28 September 2007. There are three versions released from the album: Standard Version, Gillian Version and Charlene Version.

## Background

The album was recorded in early 2007. The recording was finished in the summer of 2007.

## Track listing
### CD

* "Love Attack"
* "Sad Love Song"
* "絕對遷就"
* "士氣"
* "金句"
* "世界變"
* "Love of Prague"
* "Wrong to Be Smart"
* "Play for Six Years" (Medley)

### DVD

* "Love Attack"
* "Sad Love Song"
* "Making Of - Footage"

### Charlene Version

* "Love of Prague"
* "Opposite Words"
* "Love Assault"
* "Absolutely Accommodate"
* "Sad Love Song"
* "Golden Words"
* "Changed World"
* "Morale"
* "Black Horse" (Theme song of 'Super Fans')

### Gillian Version

* "Love Assault"
* "Sad Love Song"
* "Double the Impact"
* "Absolutely Accommodate"
* "Morale"
* "Golden Words"
* "Changed World"
* "Wrong to Be Smart"
* "Love of Prague"
Source: YesAsia
# Twixt

'Twixt, a contraction of betwixt, an archaic term for between, could refer to:
* TwixT, a 1960s board game
* Twixt animation system, a 1984 3D computer animation system
* Twixt (film), a 2011 horror thriller film
* Twixt Love and Fire, a 1914 short comedy film featuring Fatty Arbuckle
* Twixt Stakes, an American thoroughbred horse race
* "'Twixt Twelve and Twenty", a song by Pat Boone, 1959
* 'Twixt Twelve and Twenty (book), a book by Pat Boone which offered advice to teenagers

## Other uses

* There's many a slip 'twixt the cup and the lip, a proverb
# Ty-mawr Farmhouse, Cwmyoy

Ty-mawr Farmhouse, Ffwthog, Cwmyoy, Monmouthshire, is a farmhouse dating from the early 16th century, which was extended in the 17th century and then reduced in size in the 18th century. The farmhouse is a Grade II* listed building, with its range of barns and its bee shelter having separate Grade II listed building designations.

## History

The original farmhouse dates from the early 16th century. In the 17th century, the house was extended and a new range constructed to a traditional H-plan. In the 18th century, the building was reduced in size, particularly impacting on the original 16th century building, of which little remains but the two-storey porch, which formed the dairy to the 18th century house. The farmhouse remains a private residence and the architectural historian John Newman remarks on a "careful restoration" dating from 1995 to 1996.

## Architecture and description

Cadw records that the farmhouse is of two storeys with attics. The building is of stone, which has been rendered, under a stone tile roof. The interior shows evidence that the farmhouse may have housed two separate households in the 17th century. The farmhouse is listed Grade II*. Adjacent to the house is the "impressive" seven-bay barn dating from the 17th century, which has its own Grade II listing. There is also a Grade II listed bee-shelter, which may date from the 19th century or may be earlier. In 2013 the bee-shelter was on the Brecon Beacons National Park Buildings at risk register.
# Tångaberg

Tångaberg is a locality situated in Varberg Municipality, Halland County, Sweden, with 468 inhabitants in 2010.
# Tylopilus zambianus

Tylopilus zambianus is a bolete fungus of the genus Tylopilus. Described as new to science in 1994 by Scottish mycologist Roy Watling, it is found in Zambia, where it grows on the ground in relic miombo woodland.
# U.P.O.

U.P.O. was an American rock band from Los Angeles, formed in 1997. The band's line-up originally included Shawn Albro (lead vocals), Chris Weber (guitar), Ben Shirley (bass) and Tommy Holt (drums). Shirley and Holt left and were replaced by Zoltan Bathory (now in Five Finger Death Punch) and Philippe Mathys shortly before the band's breakup in 2004.
U.P.O. released two studio albums – No Pleasantries (2000) and The Heavy (2004).

## History

Both frontman Shawn Albro and guitarist Chris Weber began their careers as a part of the mid-1980s glam metal scene. Weber was actually a founding member of the band Hollywood Rose, which served as the precursor to the legendary band Guns N' Roses, while Albro sang lead for the band Wicked Teaze.

### Formation and No Pleasantries (1997–2001)

After meeting in the mid '90s, at the Reading Festival in England, Weber and singer Shawn Albro began working on material that eventually gained some major label interest. They recruited bassist Ben Shirley and drummer Tommy Holt, forming U.P.O., and going on to sign a record deal with Epic Records. They released their debut album, titled No Pleasantries, in 2000, produced by Rick Parashar, with the album peaking at number 19 on the Billboard Heatseekers Chart while the singles "Godless" and "Feel Alive" peaked at number 6 and 25 on the Mainstream Rock Chart respectively. "Feel Alive" appeared on the soundtrack to the film Book of Shadows: Blair Witch 2 while the group toured with the likes of Slipknot, Slayer, Mudvayne and Sepultura as part of the Tattoo The Earth tour with the song "Dust" being included on the live album Tattoo The Earth: The First Crusade. After further touring in support of the album, the group went on hiatus with Albro auditioning for "The Project" (later known as Velvet Revolver) during this time.

### The Heavy and Hiatus (2004–present)

The group returned in 2004, recording and releasing The Heavy, working again with producer Rick Parashar, the same year through DRT Entertainment/Nitrus Records. Following this, a second guitarist, Logan, joined the band, and Shirley and Holt left due to creative differences and were replaced by Zoltan Bathory and Philippe Mathys respectively. The group toured in support of the album, however, after an October concert later that year, Weber suffered a seizure before being rushed to a hospital. It was soon revealed that he had a meningioma brain tumor for which Weber underwent successful surgery on November 17, 2004. The group disbanded soon afterwards with Bathory going on to form Five Finger Death Punch and Mathys joining Hydrovibe.

## Discography
### Studio albums

* No Pleasantries (2000)
* The Heavy (2004)

## Members

Final line-up
* Shawn Albro – vocals (1997–2004)
* Chris Weber – guitar (1997–2004)
* Logan – guitars, backing vocals (2004)
* Zoltan Bathory – bass (2004)
* Philippe Mathys – drums (2004)
Former members
* Ben Shirley – bass (1997–2004)
* Tommy Holt – drums (1997–2004)
# Twig borer

Twig borer refers to a number of species of beetles and moths that chew holes into small branches of trees and shrubs. Many of these insects are agricultural pests. Animals that are called twig borers include:

## Beetles
### Family Bostrichidae

* Amphicerus bicaudatus (apple twig borer or grape cane borer)
* Amphicerus bimaculatus (grape cane borer beetle)
* Melalgus confertus (branch and twig borer)

### Family Curculionidae

* Xylosandrus compactus (black twig borer or coffee twig borer)

### Family Cerambycidae

* Chlorophorus varius (grape wood borer)
* Bacchisa fortunei (blue pear twig borer)
* Oberea tripunctata (dogwood twig borer)
* Oberea delongi (poplar twig borer)
* Xylotrechus pyrrhoderus (grape twig borer)

## Moths
### Family Gelechiidae

* Coleotechnites bacchariella (coyote brush twig borer moth)
* Anarsia lineatella (peach twig borer)

### Family Crambidae

* Terastia meticulosalis (erythrina twigborer)

### Family Tortricidae

* Gypsonoma haimbachiana (cottonwood twig borer)
* Hystrichophora taleana (indigobush twig borer)
* Ecdytolopha insiticiana (locust twig borer)

#### Genus Proteoteras

* Proteoteras willingana (eastern boxelder twig borer moth)
* Proteoteras aesculana (maple twig borer)
* Proteoteras crescentana (northern boxelder twig borer moth)
* Proteoteras arizonae (western boxelder twig borer moth)
# Southern Air Command

Southern Air Command may refer to:
* Southern Air Command (India)
* Southern Air Command SAAF, South Africa
* Southern Air Command (Sweden)
* United States Air Forces Southern Command
# Manichaean schisms

Although Manichaeism has historically been a fairly unified religion, it has had some schisms over its history. These schisms occurred from the sixth century AD until at least the 10th century AD.
In the sixth century, there was a schism among Manichaeans between the Denawars and the see of Babylon, in response to persecution in Mesopotamia. The see of Babylon was the predominant sect of Babylonia and the Middle East, while the Denawars were prevalent in Sogdiana and founded by Shad Ohrmazd; however, they viewed Mar Ammo as their founder since he established Manichaeism in the region. The rift between the eastern and western Manichaeans was not caused by any doctrinal matters. The seat of the Archegos remained in Seleucia-Ctesiphon, but the influence on Manichaeism mostly came from Transoxiana.
After the Arab victory at the Battle of al-Qadisiyyah, the Manichaeans had a brief respite from persecution. As a result some returned to Mesopotamia from Khorasan.
The capital of the Denawars by the eighth century was centered in Qocho on the northern Silk Road. At the time it was active from at least Samarkand to Chang'an. The schism between the eastern and western churches was worked out and ended by the beginning of the eighth century.
At the end of the seventh century, Mihr was Archegos and the schism was reconciled. Mihr had relaxed many rules of Manichaeism regarding social relationship (Arabic wisallat). Mihr was succeeded by Zad Hurmuz, who in turn was succeeded by Miqlās. Miqlās attempted to restrict these rules once again, and this resulted in the development of a new schism between the Miqlāsiyya, who wanted the rules to be strict, and the Mihriyya, who wanted them to be loose.
The rise of the Abbasid Caliphate brought increased persecution in 750. Due to this persecution, the center of Manichaeism permanently shifted to Khorasan. Letters from Khorasan show the Miqlāsiyya-Mihriyya schism was still strong in 880.
Manichaeism, following its introduction into Sogdiana, would be spread in part by Sogdians eastward into the Tarim Basin and China. Manichaeism continues to be practiced despite a long history of persecution in China, though it became increasingly syncretic, and confined to southeastern China after the 14th century.
# Lapazina fuscipennis

Lapazina fuscipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1881. It is known from Bolivia and Peru.