OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tendonectomy

Tendonectomy is the surgical cutting of tendons, and is generally only practiced in veterinary medicine.

## In cats

Performing a tendonectomy on a cat is an alternative to onychectomy ("declawing"), which amputates the end of each digit. Tendonectomy may be considered less painful for the cat than onychectomy; however, it is not recommended by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) and is illegal in many countries.
In a tendonectomy, a small portion of the tendon in each of a cat's toes is surgically removed to prevent the cat from extending the claws. Thus, the cat is no longer capable of scratching.
Claws will continue to grow following tendonectomy, and because the cat can no longer extend the claws to scratch, the cat will not wear down the claws as before. Therefore, among other considerations, the cat owner should evaluate the ongoing maintenance required in the form of regular claw trimming thereafter when considering this procedure.
In terms of studies on the impact of onychectomy versus tendonectomy, the American Veterinary Medical Association compared the outcomes of the two operations in its August 1, 1998 issue. Their report considered owner satisfaction and drawbacks such as pain and future complications. Cats who underwent tendonectomy displayed significantly lower pain immediately following the procedure versus those who underwent onychectomy. However, both procedures showed an equal frequency of other complications, such as bleeding, lameness, and infection. Cats took the same number of days to recover from both operations (as measured by normalcy in walking), and owners were equally satisfied with both options.
One complication to watch out for later on in the cat's life with a tendonectomy is the nails getting brittle. Nails that are more brittle are prone to splitting and shattering when trimmed by the owner, which is quite painful for the cat.
# Seme (martial arts)

Seme (攻め, せめ, "attack", "offense") is a Japanese martial arts term for a kind of psychological pressure. The seme is the one inflicting something on to the uke. It is also an attitude meant to disrupt the opponent's sense of confidence and resolution, prior to an attack.
The term is mostly used in kendo and in karatedo doshinkan.
# William L. Roper

William L. Roper (born 1948) is an American physician who was the director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from 1990 to 1993, when he was asked to step down over controversy about his response to the AIDS crisis.
After leaving the CDC, he joined the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and then was CEO of UNC Health Care. He was the dean of the UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health and the UNC School of Medicine before being appointed interim president of the University of North Carolina in January 2019. In June 2020, it was announced that he would be succeeded by Peter Hans in August.
Roper received his medical and master of public health degrees from the University of Alabama School of Medicine.
A former White House Fellow and head of the Health Care Financing Administration, he was moved from his position as head of the Office of Policy Development in the White House to the CDC at the beginning of March 1990. He is on the global Advisory Council for CFK Africa, an NGO working in Kenyan informal settlements.
# Selenium oxide

Selenium oxide may refer to either of the following compounds:
* Selenium dioxide, SeO$_2$
* Selenium trioxide, SeO$_3$
* Diselenium pentoxide, Se$_2$O$_5$
# Observer effect (information technology)

In information technology, the observer effect is the impact on the behaviour of a computer process caused by the act of observing the process while it is running.
For example: if a process uses a log file to record its progress, the process could slow down. Furthermore, the act of viewing the file while the process is running could cause an I/O error in the process, which could, in turn, cause it to stop. Another example would be observing the performance of a CPU by running both the observed and observing programs on the same CPU, which will lead to inaccurate results because the observer program itself affects the CPU performance (modern, heavily cached and pipelined CPUs are particularly affected by this kind of observation).
The observer effect could either have a positive or negative impact on the computer process behaviour. A positive impact can be software bugs, also known as Heisenbugs, which diminish or change their negative behavior when observation mechanisms, such as debugging, are enabled. Such bugs usually create extra difficulties in being isolated.
# Upper South Carolina State Fair

The Upper SC State Fair is a country fair that has been held annually from 1964 to 2019, paused into 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and resuming in 2021 at the Greenville-Pickens Speedway between Greenville, South Carolina and Easley, South Carolina. It features many different types of rides, food, games, and entertainment.
The first spring fair was held in 2023.
The Upper SC State Fair has been known to bring top national acts to the fair over the years and recently has opened their stages to local acts. Some acts featured at the Upper SC State Fair have been: Lynyrd Skynyrd, 38 Special, Silvertide, Charlie Daniels and Grand Funk Railroad.
# Pump That Body (Stevie B song)

"Pump That Body" is the first single from the album Healing, released by freestyle music singer Stevie B in 1992. The song achieved limited success, managing to break into the best-selling dance singles chart, peaking at No. 15. In Canada, the song spent only two weeks on the dance music chart, reaching No. 6.

## Charts

| Chart (1992) | Peak position |
| Canada RPM Dance/Urban | 6 |
| US Billboard Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales | 15 |
# Wizards of Waverly Place (disambiguation)

Wizards of Waverly Place is a television series.
Wizards of Waverly Place may also refer to:
* Wizards of Waverly Place (soundtrack)
* Wizards of Waverly Place (video game)
* Wizards of Waverly Place: Spellbound
* Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie
* List of Wizards of Waverly Place episodes
   * Wizards of Waverly Place (season 1)
   * Wizards of Waverly Place (season 2)
   * Wizards of Waverly Place (season 3)
   * Wizards of Waverly Place (season 4)
# Los Cancajos

Los Cancajos is a small tourist resort in the Canarian island of La Palma. Its resident population is 713 (2013). It is located in the municipality of Breña Baja on the east coast of La Palma, between the island capital, Santa Cruz de La Palma, and La Palma Airport.

## History

The area used to be dominated by salt pans, which fell into disuse, leaving a large, flat area, and was designated for a tourist resort in the 1980s.

## Tourism

Los Cancajos has several small beaches of black sand, protected by artificial breakwaters, with some rocky coves and headlands, and a palm-tree lined promenade along the shore. As of 2013, there were 3,724 beds in hotels and tourist apartments in the municipality of Breña Baja (most of which are situated in Los Cancajos), making up about one third of all accommodation on the island.

## Climate

Los Cancajos has a hot semi-arid climate which is heavily influenced by the Atlantic Ocean. The following climate chart is from the La Palma Airport, located 2 km south of Los Cancajos:
Climate data for La Palma Airport 33m (1981-2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 27.0 (80.6) | 31.0 (87.8) | 32.8 (91.0) | 36.6 (97.9) | 32.4 (90.3) | 29.4 (84.9) | 38.4 (101.1) | 38.0 (100.4) | 36.8 (98.2) | 34.4 (93.9) | 31.6 (88.9) | 28.1 (82.6) | 38.4 (101.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 20.6 (69.1) | 20.7 (69.3) | 21.2 (70.2) | 21.6 (70.9) | 22.6 (72.7) | 24.1 (75.4) | 25.5 (77.9) | 26.3 (79.3) | 26.6 (79.9) | 25.5 (77.9) | 23.5 (74.3) | 21.8 (71.2) | 23.3 (74.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 18.1 (64.6) | 18.0 (64.4) | 18.5 (65.3) | 18.9 (66.0) | 20.0 (68.0) | 21.7 (71.1) | 23.1 (73.6) | 23.9 (75.0) | 24.0 (75.2) | 22.8 (73.0) | 20.9 (69.6) | 19.3 (66.7) | 20.8 (69.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 15.5 (59.9) | 15.3 (59.5) | 15.7 (60.3) | 16.2 (61.2) | 17.4 (63.3) | 19.2 (66.6) | 20.7 (69.3) | 21.4 (70.5) | 21.3 (70.3) | 20.2 (68.4) | 18.3 (64.9) | 16.7 (62.1) | 18.2 (64.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 9.4 (48.9) | 10.9 (51.6) | 10.2 (50.4) | 10.0 (50.0) | 11.0 (51.8) | 15.2 (59.4) | 14.9 (58.8) | 16.7 (62.1) | 16.4 (61.5) | 15.3 (59.5) | 10.0 (50.0) | 10.0 (50.0) | 9.4 (48.9) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 49 (1.9) | 57 (2.2) | 33 (1.3) | 19 (0.7) | 7 (0.3) | 2 (0.1) | 1 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | 12 (0.5) | 41 (1.6) | 70 (2.8) | 80 (3.1) | 372 (14.5) |
| Average rainy days | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 40 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 141 | 146 | 177 | 174 | 192 | 188 | 222 | 209 | 187 | 175 | 140 | 138 | 2,106 |
| Source: Agencia Estatal de Meteorología ||||||||||||||
# WYC

WYC may refer to:
* Wawasee Yacht Club
* Wei-Yin Chen
* West Yorkshire Constabulary
* Wherry Yacht Charter Charitable Trust
* Windsor Yacht Club
* Württembergischer Yacht Club
* Wycliffe's Bible
# Pseudodaphnella punctifera

Pseudodaphnella punctifera is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 5 mm.
The ribs are small, narrower than their interstices and number ten to eleven on the body whorl. They are crossed by smaller transverse ridges. The granules of the intersection are light brown, the rest of the shell is cinereous. The sinus is rather large and semicircular. The outer lip is six-toothed within.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs from the Gulf of Carpentaria to Queensland, Australia; widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific.
# Shooting Star Tommy Gun

The Shooting Star Tommy Gun is a pneumatic machine gun manufactured by Shooting Star Inc. It was invented by Charles A. Feltman, the grandson of Charles Feltman, often credited as the inventor of the hot dog in Coney Island, New York with Feltman previously inventing a hot dog roll toaster.
The first version of the game was called "Mow 'Em Down" and featured a pneumatic machine gun resembling a water cooled heavy machine gun and was invented in 1939. Later Feltman modified the design to resemble a Thompson submachine gun with a patent granted in 1941 The weapon fires 100 .150 BBs, made of #2 lead shot. Later, a "Combat" variant was introduced, which crudely resembles a Colt AR-15.
Feltman industries operated in Coney Island for many years until it then moved to New Jersey and became Shooting Star Inc, as the object of the game was to shoot out all traces of a red star on a white paper card.

## Gallery

* The "Tommy Gun" variant.
* The "Combat" variant.
# Pseudoclanis occidentalis

Pseudoclanis occidentalis is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Cameroon, Gabon, the Central African Republic and Kenya.
The larvae feed on Ficus natalensis, Ficus asperifolia, Ficus leprieurii, Ficus platyphylla, Ficus macrosperma, Ficus mucoso, Ficus umbellata, Urera camerunensis, Sterculia tragacantha, Loranthus and Celtis species.
# Upper Squabble, Kentucky

Upper Squabble is a ghost town located in Perry County, Kentucky, United States.
# Theresa Marteau

Dame Theresa Mary Marteau, DBE, FMedSci, FAcSS (born 7 March 1953) is a British health psychologist, professor, and director of the Behaviour and Health Research Unit at the University of Cambridge, Fellow and director of studies for Psychological and Behavioural Sciences at Christ's College, Cambridge.

## Education

Marteau was educated at St Michael's Convent Grammar School, the London School of Economics and Political Science and Wolfson College, Oxford. She graduated with a bachelor's degree in social psychology, a master's in abnormal (clinical) psychology and a PhD in health psychology.

## Career and research

Her first academic post was as a lecturer in health psychology at the Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine in 1986, followed by a senior lectureship in 1993 then professorship at King's College, London She left in 2010 to take up her current post at the University of Cambridge.
Marteau's research focused initially on the behavioural impact of communicating personalised risk information about preventable diseases for risks that could be reduced were recipients to change their behaviour. The null findings led her to switch her research focus to developing and evaluating interventions that target non-conscious as opposed to the conscious processes targeted by risk information.

## Awards and honours

Marteau was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences, and a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences, both in 2001.
She was appointed Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 2017 Queen's Birthday Honours List. Her citation reads:
   Professor Theresa Marteau, Director of the Behaviour and Health Research Unit at Cambridge University, is a distinguished health psychologist who has established a world-class behaviour change unit. She has demonstrated that Government policies should look at population-level interventions as well as those that focus on individuals, putting the concept of “nudge” into practice. She has been the Principal Investigator for the Wellcome Trust Centre for the Study of Incentives in Health and pioneered research into how the environment affects people’s behaviour.

## Personal life

Marteau was in a partnership with Dr William Jonathan Boyce from 1983 until 1998. They have two children.
# Riceville, Fulton County, Kentucky

Riceville is an unincorporated community in Fulton County, Kentucky, United States.
# Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly, 1882–1886

This is a list of members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly between the 1882 elections and the 1886 election.
| Name | Affiliation | District | Years in office |
| William Henry Archer | Ministerial | Norfolk Plains | 1882–1886 |
| William Belbin | Ministerial | South Hobart | 1871–1891 |
| Stafford Bird | Ministerial | Franklin | 1882–1903; 1904–1909 |
| Edward Braddon | Opposition | West Devon | 1879–1888; 1893–1901 |
| William Brock | Ministerial | Richmond | 1882–1885 |
| Nicholas John Brown | Ministerial | Cumberland | 1875–1903 |
| William Brown | Opposition | Campbell Town | 1882–1889; 1893–1903 |
| William Burgess | Ministerial | West Hobart | 1881–1891; 1916–1917 |
| Henry Butler | Independent | Brighton | 1856–1862; 1866–1885 |
| Audley Coote | Opposition | George Town | 1879–1886 |
| Edward Crowther | Opposition | Queenborough | 1878–1912 |
| John Davies | | Fingal | 1884–1913 |
| Alfred Dobson | Ministerial | Glenorchy | 1877–1887 |
| John Dodds | Ministerial | East Hobart | 1878–1887 |
| James Dooley | Opposition | East Devon | 1872–1891 |
| Sir Adye Douglas | Ministerial | Fingal | 1856–1857; 1862–1884 |
| John Falkiner | Ministerial | Morven | 1882–1891 |
| William Gellibrand | Ministerial | Ringwood | 1871–1872; 1874–1886 |
| William Giblin | Ministerial | Wellington | 1869–1885 |
| James Gray | Opposition | Sorell | 1872–1877; 1882–1889 |
| Charles Grubb | Ministerial | Selby | 1882–1885 |
| William Guesdon | Ministerial | Central Hobart | 1882–1886 |
| William Hart | Ministerial | Central Launceston | 1877–1885 |
| William Hartnoll | Ministerial | South Launceston | 1884–1902 |
| George Keach | Ministerial | Campbell Town | 1870–1882 |
| Henry Lamb | Ministerial | Clarence | 1877–1886 |
| Henry Lette | Opposition | North Launceston | 1862–1875; 1877–1892 |
| Alfred Lord | | Brighton | 1885–1886 |
| Richard Lucas | | Kingborough | 1883–1887 |
| John Lyne | Ministerial | Glamorgan | 1880–1893 |
| Christopher O'Reilly | Ministerial | Kingborough | 1871–1882; 1906–1909 |
| Alfred Pillinger | Opposition | Oatlands | 1876–1899 |
| Thomas Reibey | Opposition | Westbury | 1874–1903 |
| Henry Rooke | Ministerial | Deloraine | 1882–1886 |
| George Salier | Ministerial | North Hobart | 1866–1869; 1870–1886 |
| James Scott | Opposition | South Launceston | 1869–1877; 1878–1884 |
| Ebenezer Shoobridge | Ministerial | New Norfolk | 1882–1886 |
| William Sidebottom | | Selby | 1885–1893 |
| James Norton Smith | | Wellington | 1885–1886 |
| George Stokell | Ministerial | Richmond | 1885–1886 |
# List of magazines in Austria

There were at least 19 Jewish magazines in Austria which were all banned after 1938. As of 2012 the magazine sector in Austria was under the dominance of Germany. This influence decreased at the end of the 1990s, but it continued on the women's magazines and fashion magazines. However, business magazines have not been subject to the dominance of Germany. The major fields of Austrian magazines are news, popular science and special interest topics. On the other hand, since the Austrian press market is divided between magazines and newspapers, magazines have a significant function in the press market.
As of 2005 Austrian media company NEWS was dominating the magazine sector in the country.
The following is an incomplete list of current and defunct magazines published in Austria. They may be published in German or in other languages.
* 0–9
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* See also

## A

* Aljadidah
* Allgemeine Bauzeitung
* An.Schlaege
* Arbeit und Wirtschaf
* Die Aula
* Auto Revue
* Auto Touring

## B

* Biber
* Boarder's Buddy

## C

* CD Austria

## D

* Datum
* Dérive

## E

* Echo
* Egység

## F

* Die Fackel
* Falter
* Female Sequences
* Format
* FORVM
* Die Frau
* Freie Fahrt

## G

* GamingXP
* Gangway
* Die Ganze Woche
* Gewinn
* Global Player
* Gusto

## H

* Der Humorist

## K

* Der Kampf
* Kikeriki
* Der Kuckuck

## L

* Literatur und Kritik
* L'Officiel Austria
* Lürzer's Archive

## M

* Menorah
* Metropole – Vienna in English

## N

* Neues Frauenleben
* NEWS

## O

* ORF nachlese
* Ostara
* Der Österreichische Volkswirt
* Österreichische Musikzeitschrift

## P

* Patent Information News
* Poetry Salzburg Review
* Profil

## R

* The Red Bulletin
* Resident

## S

* Schreibkraft
* Südwind magazine
* Skug – Journal für Musik

## T

* Top One
* Trend
* TV Woche

## U

* Universum
* Die Unzufriedene

## V

* Ver Sacrum
* Vienna Würstelstand

## W

* Weg und Ziel
* Wespennest
* Wiener
* Wiener Tagebuch
* Wiener Theaterzeitung
* Wochenpresse
# Shotton Lagoons and Reedbeds

Shotton Lagoons and Reedbeds is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in the preserved county of Clwyd, north Wales.
# Sekirka

Sekirka is a village in Kirkovo Municipality, Kardzhali Province, southern Bulgaria.
# Ocean Dream

Ocean Dream may refer to:
* Ocean Dream (1972 ship), a former cruise ship, launched in 1972 and originally known as the Spirit of London
* Ocean Dream (1982 ship), currently an Australian cruise ship, launched in 1982
* Ocean Dream Diamond, 5.51ct blue-green diamond
* One Piece: Ocean's Dream, a One Piece video game
# Mankon Museum

The Mankon Museum is an art and cultural museum located in Mankon-Bamenda, Cameroon.
The museum was inaugurated in 2006, and is situated at the entrance to the Mankon Palace.
Many of the historical objects in the collection came directly from the palace. These include some items that traditionally were not supposed to be seen by the general public, a situation that upset some members of the local community.
# Seydi Ali

Seydi Ali may refer to:
* Seydi Ali Reis (1498–1563), Ottoman admiral
* Trabluslu Ali Pasha (died 1804), Ottoman governor of Egypt, also known as Seydi Ali Pasha
* Seydi Ali Pasha (died 1821), Ottoman Kapudan Pasha (grand admiral)
# Ricetta di Malta

The Ricetta di Malta, also known as the Ricetta dei Cavalieri di Malta, is a ruined historic building in Augusta, Sicily. It was built in the 17th century by the Knights Hospitaller as a supply base.

## History

In 1648, Viceroy of Sicily John Joseph of Austria granted permission to the Hospitaller Grand Master Giovanni Paolo Lascaris to establish a supply base in Augusta. This supplied provisions to the Hospitaller fleet and drinking water to the island of Malta, which was ruled by the Hospitallers. This supply base was initially established in rented warehouses and other buildings, but after the 1693 Sicily earthquake a permanent base was constructed over an area of approximately 5,000 m$^2$ (54,000 sq ft), incorporating barracks, granaries, warehouses, stables, workshops, a windmill, a bakery and a pantry. The complex also included an oratory and a garden.
A Hospitaller knight with the title of Ricevitore Capo was in charge of the complex, which was known as a ricetta. The base was also used to supply food and medicine to the residents of Augusta during disease epidemics, and it facilitated trade between Augusta and Malta. The complex remained in use until the end of the 18th century, when the Hospitallers were expelled from Malta by the French. In 1806, the ricetta was briefly taken over by the British (who by then had acquired Malta), but the complex closed down soon afterwards during the early 19th century.
Most of the complex no longer exists, but a small part of it still survives in Via Epicarmo and Via Cordai, although it is in a ruinous and neglected state. The site was owned by the Palumbo-Fossati family until it was donated to the Comune of Augusta in 1999. Two escutcheons depicting Hospitaller coats of arms which were originally installed on the now-demolished windmill are preserved at the Museo della Piazzaforte di Augusta.
# Psychedelia (light synthesizer)

Psychedelia is an early light synthesizer developed by Jeff Minter and published by Llamasoft in 1984. It was converted to the MSX and ZX Spectrum by Simon Freeman.

## Usage

Psychedelia allowed a user to generate a light show on the screen grid, using the joystick to send pulses or bursts of coloured squares. There are various preset settings, or the user can manually set the variables controlling the pulses. Patterns can be recorded to memory or tape for later playback.
Unlike Minter's later synthesizers such as Neon, Psychedelia does not use audio as a factor, only using a joystick's input. It is, however, intended to be played in accompaniment to music.

## History

Minter had been considering "dynamic interactive pattern generators" but hadn't coded any previously. An idea for an algorithm came to him, in which patterns would be seeded along a path, which would then expand and change shape and colour over time. He coded it in 6502 assembler language, fitting into about 1 kilobyte. Running the code for the first time had a profound effect on Minter: "It just felt wonderfully new, and somehow primal... it was like the patterns and mandalas that have fascinated humans for millennia, but come to life, under your control..."
Originally, Minter intended the algorithm to be public domain and contributed an early version in listing form to a computer magazine. After encouragement from his parents, Minter eventually released an expanded version commercially as Pyschedelia. He continued to develop the light synthesizer concept, designing Colourspace (1985), Trip-a-Tron (1987), Virtual Light Machine (1990, 1994, 2000 and an unreleased version in 2003) and Neon (2004).
Psychedelia, along with other older Llamasoft programs, has since become public domain software. Later the author released a variant for Pebble devices.

## Critical reception

On its release Psychedelia received mixed reviews. Your Spectrum criticized the concept of a light synthesizer, describing Psychedelia as boring and awarding an average of 2/5. Sinclair User also only awarded 2 out of 5, finding the concept interesting but concluding that the games-buying public was the wrong demographic for this kind of software. In contrast, CRASH found the package great fun to play around with, describing the effects as fantastic, but criticizing the retail price and narrow appeal. The magazine featured Psychedelia on their October 1991 covertape.