OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# To Hold Up the Sky

To Hold Up the Sky (Hold Up the Sky in other editions) is a collection of eleven science-fiction short stories by Chinese writer Liu Cixin. Two short stories won the Galaxy Award.

## Contents

* "The Village Teacher", 乡村教师/xiāngcūn jiàoshī (2000)
* "Time Migration", 时间移民/shíjiān yímín (2014)
* "2018-04-01", 2018年4月1日/2018 nián 4 yuè 1 rì (2009)
* "Fire in the Earth", 地火/de huǒ (2000)
* "Contraction", 坍缩/tānsuō (1985)
* "Mirror", 镜子/jìngzi (2004)
* "Ode to Joy", 欢乐颂/huānlè sòng (2005)
* "Full Spectrum Barrage Ramming", 全频带阻塞干扰/quán píndài zǔsè gānrǎo (2001)
* "Sea of Dreams", 梦之海/mèng zhī hǎi (2002)
* "Cloud of Poems", 诗云/shīyún (2003)
* "The Thinker", 思想者/sīxiǎng zhě (2003)

## Adaptation

"The Village Teacher" inspired the movie Crazy Alien (Chinese: 疯狂的外星人 / 瘋狂的外星人, Pinyin: fēngkuáng de wài xīng rén) by director Ning Hao, shot from 26 July 2017 to 9 December 2017 in Qingdao in Shandong Province and released in Mainland China on 5 February 2019.

## Reception
### Reviews

Paul Di Filippo, writing in the Locus Magazine, thinks that the collection "continues to provide the same pleasures found in his [Liu Cixin's] award-winning novels: the simultaneous honoring and detournement of classic SF tropes, as filtered through a distinctly non-Western worldview and a quirky set of personal sensibilities." Liu Cixin is "at once a radical and a conservative, an optimist and a pessimist, a member of the Old Guard and of the New Wave simultaneously", making the collection "a bracing mélange." Since the translation is "handled by many different expert translators who are not named Ken Liu" (who is known for translating Liu Cixin's Hugo Award winning novel The Three-Body Problem and its sequel Death's End), the review gives "kudos to them for some excellent renderings, every one of which seems miraculously to converge [....] Liu’s actual voice."
Rachel Cordasco, writing for World Literature Today, says that "Liu is interested in how large swathes of time can help humans think about the future of our species and planet." She claims that "time is as much a character in Liu’s work as any human, and indeed Liu often is more interested in exploring time’s curious properties than describing human relationships, psychology, and interactions."
Nicole Beck, writing in Strange Horizons, states the collection explored "that a human can have an effect on things larger than her comprehension—yet they never cease to remind the reader of how small we really are." She continues that "this writing is not for the faint of heart" since "Liu will test the limits of the reader's imagination" and that "he plays fair in the sense that his special effects are earned. Practical and scientific detail abounds", concluding that "there is a masterful range here."

### Awards

"Full Spectrum Barrage Ramming" won the Galaxy Award in 2001 and "Mirror" won the Galaxy Award in 2004.
# Zisca the Avenger

Zisca the Avenger, or The Slave's Revenge, is an 1851 Australian play by Francis Belfield. It was a rare Australian play to be staged at the time.
The play was performed in Sydney, Melbourne, Geelong, Hobart and Bathurst.

## Reception

The People's Advocate, reviewing a copy of the script before production said "plot is excellent... the incidents follow in such rapid succession, that it is impossible for it to flaul upon the stage, it certainly is the most creditable Dramatic production that has yet been written in Australia. We have read two other pieces by this gentleman, but this is so infinitely superior in language, plot and action that we could not have believed it to have been written by the author of Retribution or The Rebel Chief."
Bell's Life said "The versification is correct; generally smooth and pleasing; frequently striking and vigorous. The plot is not the least commendable, being fraught with interest from the rising of the curtain until the denouement; and the skill with which the author has preserved that interest throughout, will in our opinion stamp 'success' upon his labors."
Another review said "The language in many portions of it is highly poetical and betrays an extent of reading and refinement of thought highly creditable to its author."
# Salar de Talar

Salar de Talar is a 46 square kilometres salt flat located in the high puna of northern Chilean Andes, at an altitude of 3,950 m. It is part of a series of salt lakes and salt flats located at the foothills of a chain of volcanoes stretching along the eastern side of the much greater Salar de Atacama.
The closed drainage basin of Salar de Talar encompasses about 476 km$^2$ and is adjacent to other endorheic basins, including Laguna Miscanti, Laguna Tuyajto and Salar de Capur basins. It was once filled by a 31 square kilometres (12 sq mi) large lake connected to Salar Purisunchi.
The salty flat is bordered on the west by Caichinque and on the east by Cerro Medano. This latter is a mountain with striking shades of grey and brown, which contrast nicely with the sparkling white of the salt flat's surface. On top of that, colorful ponds fringe its shores. An important lava flow from the Caichinque volcanic complex formed two lobes which advanced into Salar de Talar. Salt deposits in the salt flat have polygonal shapes.
The climate of the area is arid, with an average annual precipitation of about 150 mm. Salar de Talar is a part of the Central Andean dry puna ecoregion, which in this zone is characterized by tussock grass vegetation.
# Rajab (disambiguation)

Rajab is the seventh month of the Islamic calendar, Rajab may also refer to:

## Places

* Naqsh-e Rajab, archaeological site in Iran
* Rajab, Jalandhar, village in India
* Rajab, village in Jordan

## People

* Rajab (name), an Arabic given name
# Red Hands Cave

Red Hands Cave is an Australian Aboriginal rock art site in the Blue Labyrinth area of Blue Mountains National Park. It is a rock shelter located within walking distance from the town of Glenbrook, New South Wales.

## History

The ochre handprints and stencils at Red Hands Cave were painted around 500–1,600 years B.P.
The cave was first discovered by white Australians on 10 August 1913, when James (Jim) Colquhoun Dunn (1892-1978) went searching for Ruby Gladys Hunter (1892–1973), who became lost in the bush near Glenbrook while collecting wild flowers with her two dogs. Both were Glenbrook residents who were about 21 years old at the time. Ruby Hunter was later found and was able to return home.$^{:81}$
In the early 1930s, the Blue Mountains Shire Council installed a wire screen fence at the cave to protect it from vandalism.
# Red Hands (song)

"Red Hands" is a song by Canadian indie rock group Walk off the Earth. It was released on November 2, 2012 as the second single from their third studio album, R.E.V.O. (2013). The song was written by group members Ryan Marshall, Gianni "Luminati" Nicassio, and Sarah Blackwood, with additional writing from its co-producer Tawgs Salter.
Following its release, the song became a commercial success in North America. It reached number 9 on the Canadian Hot 100, surpassing the chart peak of its predecessor, and also topped the Billboard Adult Alternative Songs chart in the US.

## Background and writing

According to band member Gianni Luminati: "'Red Hands' is pretty open to interpretation and will mean different things to different people. When we originally wrote the song, we were thinking about taking responsibility for your actions and standing up on your own when things go wrong ... rather than blaming other people around you. Sometimes you just have to accept the circumstances that are thrown your way without pointing the finger."

## Music video

The music video for "Red Hands", directed by Ellis Bahl, is shot as a one take sequence of the song in a different order with parts filmed at a higher speed and others at a lower speed so the final result would present the song in its normal order with reshuffled images of the single take. To make the sequence possible, the band members had to learn the song in the rearranged order (with parts sung backwards). Bahl states in the 'Behind the scenes' video that it took nine full takes to complete the video and only the very last take is used for the actual video. The video premiered on NPR's All Songs Considered on November 1, 2012 and was uploaded on YouTube the next day. On November 8, the unedited version of the video was also uploaded on YouTube.
On March 5, 2013, the band uploaded an alternative version of the song on YouTube, appropriately named 'Big Guitar Version', with all five band members playing an oversized guitar - found in a pawn shop like stated in the video comments - thus echoing their rendition of Gotye's "Somebody That I Used to Know" uploaded one year and two months before.
The song was performed live to close out "Blast from the Past", an episode of The Listener.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | 2× Platinum | 160,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. |||
# Live in Middelheim 1999

Live in Middelheim 1999 is a live album by John Zorn's Masada recorded in Antwerp, Belgium.

## Reception

The Allmusic review by Steve Loewy awarded the album 4½ stars stating "Every album by John Zorn's Masada seems better than the last, and this one is no exception. By the time of this recording the group was a tightly cohesive unit, performing at an extremely high and satisfying level... With a recording time nearing 80 minutes, and substantial contributions from the entire quartet, the recording marks not so much a milestone in the life of the group as a symbol of its ability to constantly expand upon itself and draw on its not inconsequential roots".
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |

## Track listing

    All compositions by John Zorn
* "Nevuah" – 9:48
* "Sippur" – 3:20
* "Hath-Arob" – 5:20
* "Kedushah" – 6:53
* "Ne’eman" – 13:05
* "Karet" – 2:03
* "Kochot" – 4:57
* "Piram" – 12:13
* "Paran" – 6:00
* "Ashnah" – 7:19
* "Tahah" – 7:26

## Personnel
### Masada

* John Zorn – saxophone
* Dave Douglas – trumpet
* Greg Cohen – bass
* Joey Baron – drums
# Reed's Store

Reed's Store is a historic building located at 679 Main St. in Copperopolis, California. William K. Reed, a miner and one of the first discoverers of copper in Copperopolis, built the store in 1861 to serve the growing mining town. The two-story brick store was designed in the Neoclassical style, a common design for commercial establishments at the time. Reed's Store was the most successful store in Copperopolis until 1867, when a fire and the declining copper industry greatly diminished the town's population. Various lessees rented the store until mine owner Charles Ames bought it in 1890; Ames sold the store to merchant Charles Fontana by 1900. In 1906, the store became the property of the Union Copper Mining Company, which made the building its headquarters. The company, later renamed the Calaveras Copper Mining Company, occupied the building throughout the town's 1909–1929 copper boom. The store is now one of four buildings remaining from the 1860s in Calaveras; it is adjacent to two others, the Copperopolis Armory and the Honigsberger Store.
Reed's Store was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 2, 1992.
# Regular Joe

Regular Joe may refer to:
* Regular Joe (album), an album by Joe Diffie
* Regular Joe (TV series), an American sitcom
# Little Cacapon Mountain

Little Cacapon Mountain (locally /kəˈkeɪpən/ kə-KAY-pən or locally /ˈkeɪpən/ KAY-pən) is a mountain ridge of the Ridge-and-valley Appalachians in Hampshire County, West Virginia, United States. The mountain takes its name from the Little Cacapon River, a Potomac River tributary that lies on its western flanks. Little Cacapon Mountain reaches its highest point of 1,575 feet (480 m) in the vicinity of Barnes Mill. It spans from the Frenchburg area, where it is joined by Chestnut Oak Ridge, to the Slanesville Pike where Crooked Run forms a gap between Little Cacapon Mountain and Queens Ridge near Higginsville.

## Gallery

* Little Cacapon Mountain viewed from Ginevan Cemetery near Little Cacapon
* Little Cacapon Mountain viewed from Ginevan Cemetery near Little Cacapon
* Little Cacapon Mountain viewed from Ginevan Cemetery near Little Cacapon
# Reflex Lightning Bug

The Reflex Lightning Bug, also called the Jones Lightning Bug, is an American homebuilt aircraft that was designed by Nick Jones and produced by Reflex Fiberglass Works of Walterboro, South Carolina, introduced in the mid-1990s. When it was available the aircraft was supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

## Design and development

The Lightning Bug features a cantilever low-wing, a single-seat enclosed cockpit under a bubble canopy, fixed tricycle landing gear with wheel pants, a retractable nose wheel and a single engine in tractor configuration.
The aircraft is made from a combination of stainless steel and fiberglass. Its 17.83 ft (5.4 m) span wing has a wing area of 40.00 sq ft (3.716 m$^2$). The cabin width is 25 in (64 cm). The standard engine used is the 100 hp (75 kW) AMW 808 in-line three cylinder, liquid-cooled, two-stroke, dual ignition, aircraft engine. With that engine the aircraft can cruise at 225 mph (362 km/h).
The Lightning Bug has a typical empty weight of 475 lb (215 kg) and a gross weight of 800 lb (360 kg), giving a useful load of 325 lb (147 kg). With full fuel of 23 U.S. gallons (87 L; 19 imp gal) the payload for the pilot and baggage is 187 lb (85 kg). The aircraft meets American FAR 23 aerobatic category requirements at a gross weight of 750 lb (340 kg).
The standard day, sea level, no wind, take off with a 100 hp (75 kW) engine is 800 ft (244 m) and the landing roll is 1,000 ft (305 m), due to its 62 mph (100 km/h) stall speed.
The manufacturer estimated the construction time from the supplied kit as 300 hours.

## Operational history

In February 2014 two examples were registered in the United States with the Federal Aviation Administration, although a total of nine had been registered at one time.

## Specifications (Lightning Bug)

Data from AeroCrafter
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Length: 17 ft 5.5 in (5.321 m)
* Wingspan: 17 ft 10 in (5.44 m)
* Wing area: 40.00 sq ft (3.716 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 475 lb (215 kg)
* Gross weight: 800 lb (363 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 23 U.S. gallons (87 L; 19 imp gal)
* Powerplant: 1 × AMW 808 in-line three cylinder, liquid-cooled, two-stroke, dual ignition, aircraft engine, 100 hp (75 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed wooden, fixed pitch
Performance
* Maximum speed: 250 mph (400 km/h, 220 kn)
* Cruise speed: 225 mph (362 km/h, 196 kn)
* Stall speed: 62 mph (100 km/h, 54 kn)
* Range: 880 mi (1,420 km, 760 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 20,000 ft (6,100 m)
* Rate of climb: 1,200 ft/min (6.1 m/s)
* Wing loading: 20.0 lb/sq ft (98 kg/m$^2$)
# Lkáň

Lkáň is a municipality and village in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
Lkáň lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south-west of Litoměřice, 25 km (16 mi) south of Ústí nad Labem, and 51 km (32 mi) north-west of Prague.
# Slbaian Kabul F.C.

Pamir Kabul F.C. is a football team in Afghanistan. They play in the Afghan Premier League.
* This article related to an Afghan football club is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Small subgroup confinement attack

In cryptography, a subgroup confinement attack, or small subgroup confinement attack, on a cryptographic method that operates in a large finite group is where an attacker attempts to compromise the method by forcing a key to be confined to an unexpectedly small subgroup of the desired group.
Several methods have been found to be vulnerable to subgroup confinement attack, including some forms or applications of Diffie–Hellman key exchange and DH-EKE.
# Small stationary reformer

A small stationary reformer is an on-site device used for the production of hydrogen from hydrocarbons on a small scale.

## Types
### Membrane reactor

A membrane reactor is a device where oxygen separation, steam reforming and POX is combined in a single step. In 1997 Argonne National Laboratory and Amoco published a paper "Ceramic membrane reactor for converting methane to syngas" which resulted in different small scale systems that combined an ATR based oxygen membrane with a water-gas shift reactor and a hydrogen membrane.

### POX reactor

Partial oxidation (POX) is a type of chemical reaction. It occurs when a substoichiometric fuel-air mixture is partially combusted in a reformer, creating a hydrogen-rich syngas which can then be put to further use, for example in a fuel cell. A distinction is made between thermal partial oxidation (TPOX) and catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX).

### Steam methane reformers with catalyst beds
## Research

* Microchannel Reformer
* Ion transport membrane reforming.

## Centralized hydrogen production

The capital cost of methane reformer plants is prohibitive for small to medium size applications because the technology does not scale down well. Conventional steam reforming plants operate at pressures between 200 and 600 psi with outlet temperatures in the range of 815 to 925 °C. However, analyses have shown that even though it is more costly to construct, a well-designed SMR can produce hydrogen more cost-effectively than an ATR. To lower the costs both pressure and used temperature are lowered which allows for the use of cheaper materials.
# Lithgow Mercury

The Lithgow Mercury, is a tri-weekly English language newspaper first published in 1878 in Lithgow, New South Wales, Australia.

## History

The Lithgow Mercury was established in 1878. Initially a weekly publication, the paper was published daily from 1949 to 1986, then tri-weekly. In 1879, the paper was purchased by Walter Scott Targett, who had started work as a compositor on the paper, and who was later elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Member for Hartley. J.P.T. Caulfield acquired the paper in 1886. He worked as editor for eighteen months, until late 1887 when he sold the paper to the proprietors of the Lithgow Enterprise and Australian Land Nationaliser. In January 1889, the Lithgow Mercury Newspaper Co., headed by James Ryan, purchased the business and property of the Lithgow Enterprise. Ryan became managing editor of the paper, a position he held for over 37 years. In July 1926, Western Newspapers Ltd, led by L.T. Watson, Hubert Browett Whitham and F.V. Sparrow, purchased the plant and book debts of the paper. The Lithgow Mercury is currently owned by Fairfax Regional Media.

## Digitisation

The paper has been partially digitised as part of the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program of the National Library of Australia.
# Skrīveri Station

Skrīveri Station is a railway station on the Riga – Daugavpils Railway, Latvia.
# Little Smoky Valley

Little Smoky Valley is one of the Central Nevada Desert Basins and an eponym for the larger Little Smoky-Newark Watershed. The valley spans three counties in Nevada, namely Eureka, Nye, and White Pine.
The valley's numerous springs include Cool Tank, Mahogany, Moody, Little Nevada, Pogue Wells, and Soda Springs. Places in the valley include the Warm Springs, Nevada, community and the Little Smoky Valley Use Area for grazing.
Little Smoky Valley was so named on account of frequently foggy conditions.
# Reid baronets of Ellon (1897)

The Reid baronetcy, of Ellon in the County of Aberdeen, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 28 August 1897 for James Reid. He was physician to Queen Victoria, Edward VII and George V.

## Reid baronets, of Ellon (1897)

* Sir James Reid, 1st Baronet (1849–1923)
* Sir Edward Reid, 2nd Baronet (1901–1972)
* Sir Alexander Reid, 3rd Baronet (1932–2019)
* Sir Charles Edward James Reid, 4th Baronet (born 1956)
The heir apparent is the present holder's only son Marcus James Reid (born 1994).
# Lloyd Barker (footballer)

Lloyd Barker (born 12 December 1970) is a former professional soccer player who represented the Jamaica national team.

## Playing career

After beginning his pro career in 1988 with the Ottawa Intrepid of the Canadian Soccer League. He then joined the Montreal Impact in 1993 and was part of the team's starting eleven when the Impact beat the Colorado Foxes 1–0 in the playoff final and won the 1994 league championship. He also helped Montreal win the regular-season titles in 1995, 1996, and 1997.
Barker played internationally for Jamaica, including in a 0–3 friendly loss to the United States in Kingston on 22 November 1994.
In 1995 Barker won the Giuseppe Saputo Trophy and was picked on the league's first all-star team in 1995. In 1999 Barker was transferred to Impact rivals the Toronto Lynx where he gave new impetus to his career when he moved from the forward position to that of defender.
He left the Lynx in 2001 to join the Impact again where he helped the team win their second League Championship in 2004 against the Seattle Sounders.
Barker also played in the National Professional Soccer League for the Edmonton Drillers, Montreal Impact and Detroit Rockers.

## Managerial career

He retired as a player following the 2004 season, and was third in Impact history for games played (190), as well as second for goals scored (34).
He was an assistant coach with the Impact in 2005, helping the team win the regular-season title.
On 24 July 2007 he was appointed the head coach of the men's Concordia University soccer team.
# Smithdale

Smithdale may refer to:
* Smithdale, Mississippi, a community in Amite County
* Smithdale, Pennsylvania, a community in Allegheny County
# Littrow expansion

Littrow expansion and its counterpart Littrow compression are optical effects associated with slitless imaging spectrographs. These effects are named after Austrian physicist Otto von Littrow.
In a slitless imaging spectrograph, light is focused with a conventional optical system, which includes a transmission or reflection grating as in a conventional spectrograph. This disperses the light, according to wavelength, in one direction; but no slit is interposed into the beam. For pointlike objects (such as distant stars) this results in a spectrum on the focal plane of the instrument for each imaged object. For distributed objects with emission-line spectra (such as the Sun in extreme ultraviolet), it results in an image of the object at each wavelength of interest, overlapping on the focal plane, as in a spectroheliograph.

## Description

The Littrow expansion/compression effect is an anamorphic distortion of single-wavelength image on the focal plane of the instrument, due to a geometric effect surrounding reflection or transmission at the grating. In particular, the angle of incidence $\theta _{i}$ and reflection $\theta _{r}$ from a flat mirror, measured from the direction normal to the mirror, have the relation
    $\theta _{r}=-\theta _{i},$
which implies
    ${\frac {d\theta _{r}}{d\theta _{i}}}=-1,$
so that an image encoded in the angle of collimated light is reversed but not distorted by the reflection.
In a spectrograph, the angle of reflection in the dispersed direction depends in a more complicated way on the angle of incidence:
    $\theta _{r}=-\arcsin {\big\sin(\theta _{i})+n\lambda /D{\big )},$
where $n$ is an integer and represents spectral order, $\lambda$ is the wavelength of interest, and $D$ is the line spacing of the grating. Because the sine function (and its inverse) are nonlinear, this in general means that
    ${\frac {d\theta _{r}}{d\theta _{i}}}\neq -1$
for most values of $n$ and $\lambda /D$, yielding anamorphic distortion of the spectral image at each wavelength. When the magnitude is larger, images are expanded in the spectral direction; when the magnitude is smaller, they are compressed.
For the special case where
    $n\lambda /D=-2\sin(\theta _{i}),$
the reflected ray exits the grating exactly back along the incident ray, and $d\theta _{r}/d\theta _{i}=1$; this is the Littrow configuration, and the specific angle for which this configuration holds is the Littrow angle. This configuration preserves the image aspect ratio in the reflected beam. All other incidence angles yield either Littrow expansion or Littrow compression of the collimated image.