OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# South Coast Air Basin

The South Coast Air Basin—SCAB (or SoCAB) is one of several regional air basin areas designated by the state of California, for the purpose of air quality management and air pollution control in Southern California. The SCAB district was created in 1969. and includes all of Orange County and the non-desert regions of Los Angeles County, Riverside County, and San Bernardino County. The region covers approximately 17100 km$^2$ and includes much of the Greater Los Angeles Area, which is home to approximately 18 million people.

## South Coast Air Quality Management District—AQMD

Initially, the SCAB had four air-quality management agencies, one for each of the four counties. In 1977, the legislature merged these four agencies into the South Coast Air Quality Management District—South Coast AQMD.
The SCAB is the smoggiest region of the U.S., and the South Coast AQMD provides hourly reports throughout the district. The South Coast AQMD has jurisdiction over stationary sources of pollution, while the California Air Resources Board has jurisdiction for mobile sources of pollution, including automobiles and trucks.
Since 2011 the South Coast AQMD also manages portions of two other desert air basins: the Salton Sea Air Basin in Riverside County, and the Mojave Desert Air Basin in Los Angeles, Kern, and San Bernardino Counties.

### South Coast AQMD governing board

The governing board has thirteen members selected by a combination of city, county, and state agencies.
"The South Coast Air Quality Management District is the regional government agency responsible for air pollution control. AQMD regulations must be approved by the state Air Resources Board and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency."
# Princess Marie of Liechtenstein

Princess Marie of Liechtenstein may refer to:
* Marie, Princess of Liechtenstein (1940–2021), wife of Prince Hans Adam II of Liechtenstein
* Marie Fox, Princess Marie Henriette Adelaide of Liechtenstein (1851–1878), wife of Prince Louis of Liechtenstein
* Princess Marie of Liechtenstein (b. 1959), wife of Prince Gundakar of Liechtenstein
* Princess Marie Gabriele Franciska Kálnoky de Köröspatak of Liechtenstein (born 1975), wife of Prince Constantin of Liechtenstein
# Murchad mac Áedo

Murchad mac Áedo was a King of Connacht from the Uí Briúin branch of the Connachta. He reigned from 839-840.
He was of the Síl Cathail sept and great grandson of the founder of this sept Cathal mac Muiredaig (died 735). His grandfather Fogartach mac Cathail (died 789) had been a claimant to the Connacht throne. He was the first member of the Síl Cathail sept to hold the throne since 782 to be definitely recognized as king in both king lists and Irish annals. The Síl Muiredaig sept had dominated the kingship from 796-839 though his uncle, Máel Cothaid mac Fogartaig (flourished 818), may have been a co-ruler at one point.
Nothing is known of his short reign other than his death notice in the annals.
# Suta punctata

Suta punctata, also known as the spotted snake or little spotted snake, is a species of venomous snake that is endemic to Australia. The specific epithet punctata ("spotted") refers to the body markings.

## Description

Colouration is reddish-brown on the upper body, with a pale belly and black markings on head and neck. It grows to an average of about 40 cm in length.

## Behaviour

The species is viviparous, with an average litter size of four.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in the Pilbara and Kimberley regions of Western Australia, in the Northern Territory from the Top End to as far south as Alice Springs, and in north-western Queensland. The type locality is Port Walcott in the Pilbara.
# Mitnaw

Mitnaw is a village in Hsawlaw Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Burma.
# Punjab Remote Sensing Centre

Punjab Remote Sensing Centre (PRSC) is an autonomous organization under the Department of Agriculture, Government of Punjab state in India. PRSC has MoUs with Panjab University, Chandigarh, Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana and Lovely Professional University.

## Projects

* e-Pehal, an android Mobile app for monitoring tree plantation.
* i-Khet Machine, e-PeHaL and e-Prevent apps for informers to make the government aware regarding stubble burning incidents around them.
* Online property information by geospatial technology in revenue and property mapping.
# Post-tech

Post-tech, (or post-technology, post-digital-technology) is type of technology that is more concerned about being human than about technology. It advocates a design that is not merely focused on efficiency and exploiting users by increasing their time spent with digital devices and technology itself but to support the user's focus and intent, well-being, and independence (from technology). With this interstitial spaces could also be created, similar to what Michel Foucault describes as Heterotopia (space).
# PEN/Saul Bellow Award for Achievement in American Fiction

The PEN/Saul Bellow Award for Achievement in American Fiction is awarded by PEN America (formerly PEN American Center) "to a distinguished living American author of fiction whose body of work in English possesses qualities of excellence, ambition, and scale of achievement over a sustained career which place him or her in the highest rank of American literature." Initially carrying a stipend of US$40,000, the award was created with the cooperation of the Saul Bellow estate and through a grant from Evelyn Stefansson Nef. Announcing the first recipient of the award (Bellow's close friend Philip Roth), PEN president Ron Chernow said the award honors "one of America’s greatest writers...whose work over a forty-year career exemplified the capacity of fiction to encompass the totality of human experience. We are confident that this Award will help to recognize and perpetuate the qualities so evident in Saul Bellow’s writings."
The award was first given in 2007.
The award is one of many PEN awards sponsored by International PEN affiliates in over 145 PEN centers around the world. The PEN American Center awards have been characterized as being among the "major" American literary prizes.

## Award winners

PEN/Saul Bellow Award for Achievement in American Fiction winners :
| Year | Author |
| 2007 | Philip Roth |
| 2009 | Cormac McCarthy |
| 2010 | Don DeLillo |
| 2012 | E. L. Doctorow |
| 2014 | Louise Erdrich |
| 2016 | Toni Morrison |
| 2018 | Edmund White |
# Raminho

Raminho is a parish in the municipality of Angra do Heroísmo on the island of Terceira in the Azores. The population in 2011 was 565, in an area of 11.07 km². It consists of the localities Cabo do Raminho and Raminho.
# Sign of the Cross (disambiguation)

The sign of the cross is a ritual hand motion used by some Christians.
Sign of the Cross may also refer to:
* The Sign of the Cross (play), an 1895 play by Wilson Barrett
* The Sign of the Cross (1914 film), an American film directed by Frederick A. Thomson, based on Barrett's play
* The Sign of the Cross (1932 film), an American film directed by Cecil B. DeMille, based on Barrett's play
* The Sign of the Cross (book), 1994 book by Colm Tóibín
* Sign of the Cross (novel), 2006 novel by Chris Kuzneski
* Sign of the Cross, an album by Terveet Kädet
* "Sign of the Cross", a song by Iron Maiden on their album The X Factor
* "Sign of the Cross", a song by Avantasia on their album The Metal Opera
* "Sign on the Cross", a song by Bob Dylan on the album The Bootleg Series Vol. 11: The Basement Tapes Complete
# Sign of the Cross (novel)

Sign of the Cross is the second novel by New York Times bestselling author Chris Kuzneski. First published in October 2006 by Penguin Group (USA), the religious thriller followed the exploits of Jonathon Payne and David Jones, who have been featured in all of Kuzneski's thrillers. It also introduced the character of Nick Dial, who has appeared in every Kuzneski novel since.
The book was endorsed by several notable authors, including Clive Cussler, Nelson DeMille, Steve Berry, James Rollins, and Tess Gerritsen.
Penguin UK released the British version in April 2007, and the book climbed to #11 on the British bestseller list. The foreign rights to Sign of the Cross have sold in more than fifteen languages.

## Plot summary

Jonathon Payne and David "D.J." Jones are recruited to find Dr. Charles Boyd, an archeologist who recently found the Catacombs of Orvieto, the safe haven for the popes of the Middle Ages. While Boyd avoids pursuit, a series of victims turn up dead, people who were tortured and crucified like Jesus Christ on his final day. All the incidents are interconnected, but it’s up to Payne and Jones to figure out the common thread and why they were selected to solve the puzzle.

## Book reviews

From Publishers Weekly — "Kuzneski knows what fans of the genre want: compelling and well-researched history, high-tech 21st-century sleuthing, and a lot of action."
From Crime Squad (United Kingdom) — "In Sign of the Cross, Chris Kuzneski has created an entirely original world-view and tells us an extraordinary tale with one hell of a sting to it. He writes like a dream and his thriller style is nigh on flawless. Indeed, the author has created a page-turning style that older thriller pros would give up serious appendages to perfect."
From Clive Cussler — "Harrowing, but always suspenseful, Sign of the Cross makes you wish it would never end."
From Nelson DeMille — "Chris Kuzneski is a remarkable new writer, who completely understands what makes for a good story: action, sex, suspense, humor, and great characters."
# Sieve estimator

In statistics, sieve estimators are a class of non-parametric estimators which use progressively more complex models to estimate an unknown high-dimensional function as more data becomes available, with the aim of asymptotically reducing error towards zero as the amount of data increases. This method is generally attributed to Ulf Grenander.

## Method of sieves in positron emission tomography

Sieve estimators have been used extensively for estimating density functions in high-dimensional spaces such as in Positron emission tomography (PET). The first exploitation of Sieves in PET for solving the maximum-likelihood image reconstruction problem was by Donald Snyder and Michael Miller, where they stabilized the time-of-flight PET problem originally solved by Shepp and Vardi. Shepp and Vardi's introduction of Maximum-likelihood estimators in emission tomography exploited the use of the Expectation-Maximization algorithm, which as it ascended towards the maximum-likelihood estimator developed a series of artifacts associated to the fact that the underlying emission density was of too high a dimension for any fixed sample size of Poisson measured counts. Grenander's method of sieves was used to stabilize the estimator, so that for any fixed sample size a resolution could be set which was consistent for the number of counts. As the observe PET imaging time would go to infinity, the dimension of the sieve would increase as well in such a manner that the density was appropriate for each sample size.
# Siglingasamband Íslands

Siglingasamband Íslands is the governing body for watersports in Iceland. It encompasses the following Federations.
* Icelandic Sailing Association
* Icelandic Rowing Association
* Icelandic Canoeing Association
# Signepupina

Signepupina is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Pupillinae of the family Pupinidae.

## Species

* Signepupina attenuata Stanisic, 2010
* Signepupina babinda Stanisic, 2010
* Signepupina bilinguis (L. Pfeiffer, 1851)
* Signepupina coxeni (Brazier, 1875)
* Signepupina crossei (Brazier, 1876)
* Signepupina davidsoni Stanisic, 2010
* Signepupina dunkensis Stanisic, 2010
* Signepupina glenugie Stanisic, 2010
* Signepupina masoni Stanisic, 2010
* Signepupina meridionalis (L. Pfeiffer, 1864)
* Signepupina pfeifferi (Dohrn, 1862)
* Signepupina pineticola (Cox, 1866)
* Signepupina robusta (Cox, 1868)
* Signepupina rubiflava Stanisic, 2010
* Signepupina strangei (L. Pfeiffer, 1854)
* Signepupina tenuis (Hedley, 1912)
* Signepupina thomsoni (Forbes, 1852)
* Signepupina ventrosa (Dohrn, 1862)
* Signepupina wilcoxi (Cox, 1864)
* Signepupina worsfoldi Stanisic, 2010
* Signepupina yaamba Stanisic, 2010
# Sijiao

Sijiao may refer to:
* Dead End (1969 film) (死角; Sǐjiǎo), Hong Kong film
* Sijiao Island, in Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
# Sijeruk

Sijeruk is a village in Banjarmangu, Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java, Indonesia on the island of Java. On 4 January 2006 (2006-01-04), the village was buried under tons of mud and rocks from a landslide. Initial reports indicated between 100 and 190 deaths or missing people. Cijeruk is located approximately 210 miles (340 km) east of Jakarta.
# Rajjo

Rajjo is a 2013 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy film written and directed by Vishwas Patil. It stars Kangana Ranaut and Paras Arora in lead roles along with a supporting cast of Prakash Raj, Mahesh Manjrekar and Jaya Prada. The film was released in on 15 November 2013. Upon release, the film received highly negative reviews and was declared a flop.

## Synopsis

Rajjo tells the story of a nautch girl in the most extraordinary circumstances. Rajjo and Chandu fall in love against the backdrop of dying Kothas in Mumbai, which nurtured the traditional art of singing and dancing for years.

## Cast

* Kangana Ranaut as Rajjo
* Paras Arora as Chandu
* Prakash Raj as Govind Hande
* Mahesh Manjrekar as Begum
* Jaya Prada as Janidevi
* Deepika Amin as Kamladevi
* Avtar Gill as Acharya Deshbhushan
* Kishor Kadam as Daadi Patil
* Upendra Limaye as Inspector Salunkhe
* Shivani Rawat as Sakina, Salunkhe's wife
* Vipin Sharma as Chandu's father
* Shashank Shende as Gannewala
* Dalip Tahil as Lala Pathan
* Shruti Bisht as Young Rajjo

## Production

Kangana Ranaut did extensive research in order to prepare for her role. She visited Kothas and met with many women to understand their body language and mindset.
A large set was created in the neighbourhood of Kamathipura in Mumbai under the supervision of production designer Muneesh Sappel.
The music for the film was composed by Uttam Singh at Abbey Road Studios in London.

## Soundtrack

Uttam Singh composed the film's music, with the lyrics being written by Sameer and Dev Kohli.
# Ramarama

Ramarama may refer to:
* Ramarama, New Zealand, a community in the Auckland region of New Zealand
* Lophomyrtus bullata, also known as ramarama, a plant native to New Zealand
* Ramarama language, a language of Brazil
# Ramarao V. Naik

Ramarao V. Naik (1909–1998) was an Indian classical singer of the Agra Gharana.

## Early life

Naik was born in 1909 in Bangalore. His father was a renowned violinist. He was one of the most renowned singers of the Agra Gharana in South India.

## Career

Naik learned music under the renowned singer Faiyaz Khan. He also learned from Swami Vallabhdas and Ata Hussain Khan. Naik also played the harmonium, which he has taught himself. He was known for popularising the Agra Gharana in the Carnatic Bastion of Bangalore. At this time Bombay and Bangalore where two cities where many Agra Gharana singers lived.

## Disciples

Some of his most prominent disciples are M.R. Gautam, Lalitha Ubhyankar, Meera Savoor, Sudhindra Bhaumik and Lalith Rao.

## Death

He died soon after a concert at the age of 88.
# Simchah Roth

Simchah Roth (died 2012) was an Israeli rabbi and a scholar who edited the first prayer book of the Masorti movement. He advocated veganism.

## Career

Roth moved to Israel in 1969, serving as the rabbi and resident lecturer of the WUJS Institute in Arad and later taught in the town of Yeroham. In 1989, Roth moved to Herzliyya, where he served as the rabbi of Torat Hayyim Masorti Congregation from 1989 until his retirement from that position in July 2007.
Roth served as a member of the Herzliyya Mo'etzah Datit, the Municipal Religious Council. He also held several posts in the Rabbinical Assembly in Israel such as the Va'ad Halakhah (Law Committee), the vice-president and a past member of the Executive Committee. He has been the chairperson of the Religious Services Bureau of the Masorti Movement.
Roth was the editor of the first Masorti prayer book, Siddur Va'ani Tefillati. He is known for his attempts to reconcile four characteristics in this prayer book namely - Masorti (Conservative), Israeli-Zionist, pluralistic, and innovative. According to the analysis of David Ellenson, Roth's prayer book claims that "the demands of the past are not absolute, nor is Jewish liturgical tradition frozen. The claims and sensibilities of the present are vital as well."

## Notable Rulings

Over the course of his career, Roth issued a number of notable rabbinic rulings.
* 2003 - He ruled that homosexuality was not forbidden by biblical law and that rabbinical schools should be open to gay and lesbian Jews.
* 2005 - He ruled that, at Passover time, chametz should be donated to needy non-Jews.
* 2007 - He ruled that kissing mezuzahs should be avoided, in order to avoid the risk of contracting an infectious disease.
* 2009 - Roth ruled that a Torah scroll written by a woman is permissible for use in a communal synagogue. He argued that since contemporary rabbis today obligate women in the learning of Torah, they should certainly be eligible to write a scroll.

## Veganism

In 2010, Roth argued that Jews should adopt a vegan diet, based on four arguments:
* Modern mass-slaughter of animals constitutes cruelty to animals (tza'ar ba'alei hayyim) which is forbidden by the Torah
* Consumption of animal products as we moderns do contravenes the command of the Torah to maintain ourselves in good health
* Religious Jews should stop eating animal products (meat, eggs, milk etc.) in order to lessen greatly the damage we are doing to the planet
* If religious Jews adopt a vegan diet, they will be greatly contributing to promoting righteousness and justice in the world and to a hastening of the messianic age.
# Simon Jacques Rochard

Simon Jacques Rochard (28 December 1788 – 10 June 1872) was a painter of portrait miniatures in France, England and Brussels in the first half of the nineteenth century.
He was born in Paris to René Rochard and Marie Madeleine Talon. He showed early talent and, after his father died, helped support his mother and eleven siblings by drawing portraits. Rochard studied under Étienne Aubry and at the École des Beaux-Arts. He also studied miniature-painting from Emilie Bounieu (daughter of Michel Honoré Bounieu). At only twenty he painted a portrait of the Empress Joséphine for Napoleon and later other portraits of the imperial family.
After Napoleon's return from Elba in 1815, he was drafted into the army but deserted and went to Brussels. There he received commissions to paint miniatures including at least one of the Duke of Wellington leader of the forces opposing Napoleon. Shortly after he moved to London and became very popular, painting numerous miniatures of members of the upper class such as Princess Charlotte. He exhibited mostly at the Royal Academy of Arts from 1816 to 1845.
In 1846, he moved to Brussels where he exhibited at the Salon there until 1869. He also exhibited at the Paris Salon in 1852 and the International Exposition of 1867 in Paris. He died in 1872.

## Marriage and family

His first marriage to Henriette Petitjean ended in a separation but left Rochard with a daughter, Eugenie, born in 1814, who married an English officer. At the age of 80 (circa 1868) he married Henriette Pilton, by whom he had one son. (However his son, Jean Simon Rochard, was apparently born before 1856.)
His younger brother, François Theodore Rochard (1798–1857), joined him in London around 1820. He was also a popular portrait painter specializing in miniatures and in water colors and won two silver medals from the new Society of British Artists in 1823. He retired after his marriage in 1850 and died on 31 October 1857 in London.

## Gallery of Rochard Paintings

Most of these are miniatures.
* Augustus Frederick d'Este
* Thomas Brisbane (painted 1819)
* Lady Smith and her children (painted ?1824)
* Léonor Mérimée (painted 1828)
* Harriet Ann Rooke, wife of John Kingston (painted circa 1830)
* Frederick Stewart, 4th Marquess of Londonderry (painted 1833)
* George Eden (painted 1835)
* Emily Eden (George Eden's sister) with her spaniel, Chance (painted 1835)
* Unknown man (painted 1836)
* Prosper Mérimée (painted 1852)
* Gertrude Ann Barnardiston Yates (painted 1853)
# Simon Antoine Jean L'Huilier

Simon Antoine Jean L'Huilier (or L'Huillier) (24 April 1750 in Geneva – 28 March 1840 in Geneva) was a Swiss mathematician of French Huguenot descent. He is known for his work in mathematical analysis and topology, and in particular the generalization of Euler's formula for planar graphs.
He won the mathematics section prize of the Berlin Academy of Sciences for 1784 in response to a question on the foundations of the calculus. The work was published in his 1787 book Exposition elementaire des principes des calculs superieurs. (A Latin version was published in 1795.) Although L'Huilier won the prize, Joseph Lagrange, who had suggested the question and was the lead judge of the submissions, was disappointed in the work, considering it "the best of a bad lot." Lagrange would go on to publish his own work on foundations.

## L'Huilier and Cauchy

L'Huilier introduced the abbreviation "lim" for limit that reappeared in 1821 in Cours d'Analyse by Augustin Louis Cauchy, who would later create his approach based on infinitesimals defined in terms of variable quantities.

## Royal Society fellow

He was elected in May, 1791 a Fellow of the Royal Society
Note that this surname is sometimes rendered as Lhuilier or Lhuillier.
# Ramasimhadeva

Ramasimhadeva was the fourth King of the Karnat dynasty of Mithila. He came into power around 1227 CE and succeeded his father, Narasimhadeva.

## Rule

Ramasimhadeva has been described as a "pious devotee and was a firm patron of sacred literature" and his reign was generally quite peaceful, in contrast to his father's. He compiled several commentaries on the Vedas. He also created various rules that were meant to guide Hindus and officers were sent to each village to ensure these were followed. Several other administrative reforms have also been attributed to him including the use of village accountants.
During his reign, the Tibetan monk Dharmasvamin arrived in the main Karnat capital of Simraungadh and described Ramasimhadeva as treating him with courtesy and even offering him the post of palace priest despite being a Buddhist. Ramasimhadeva also maintained Darbhanga as his second capital and today, many places are found in Darbhanga that reference his name.
# Rangers of the North: The Kingdom of Arthedain

Rangers of the North: The Kingdom of Arthedain is a 1985 fantasy role-playing game supplement published by Iron Crown Enterprises for Middle-earth Role Playing.

## Contents

Rangers of the North is a supplement that details the Arthedain Kingdom, a region spanning from the Northlands tundra to the Shire of the hobbits.

## Reception

Andy Blakeman reviewed Rangers of the North for Imagine magazine, and stated that "All in all [...] a worthwhile addition to the Middle Earth range."
Rick Swan reviewed Rangers of the North in The Space Gamer No. 75. Swan commented that "considering how badly this could've been bungled, I.C.E. is to be commended for doing a bang-up job. And I'm betting we've yet to see the best. Until then, Rangers of the North ought to keep all would-be hobbits plenty happy."

## Reviews

* Jeux & Stratégie #54
# Simacauda virescens

Simacauda virescens is a moth of the family Incurvariidae. It was described by Nielsen and Davis in 1981. It is found in Argentina.
# Ramiro II

Ramiro II may refer to:
* Ramiro II of León (died 951)
* Ramiro II of Aragon (died 1157)
# Simon Kistemaker (football manager)

Simon Kistemaker (29 August 1940 – 23 November 2021) was a Dutch football manager.