OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nievern

Nievern is a municipality in the district of Rhein-Lahn, in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany. It belongs to the association community of Bad Ems-Nassau.

## Geography

The municipality is located on the south shore of the river Lahn, at Kilometre 128, rising up to the hills of the Taunus mountains. The residential and commercial district of Maaracker, about 1 km to the east, joins directly with the neighbouring town and district capital of Bad Ems. It is then clockwise surrounded by the neighbouring municipalities of Frücht, Miellen and Fachbach on the opposite shore of the Lahn river. Bigger towns nearby include Lahnstein, where the Lahn meets the river Rhine, the catholic Bishopric of Limburg an der Lahn, the old seat of the House of Nassau, Nassau an der Lahn, Montabaur on the ICE high-speed railway between Cologne and Frankfurt am Main and the A3 Autobahn, and the city of Koblenz as the closest regional centre.

## Traffic and infrastructure

Nievern is connected to the State Road B260 running up the Lahn valley from Lahnstein to Wiesbaden via a bridge crossing the river. Other roads connect to Bad Ems, Frücht and Miellen. The Lahn Valley cycle way runs through Fachbach on the opposite shore of the river. The Lahn Valley Railway passes through the village and operates a stop in the centre of the municipality.

## History

The area of the modern municipality was incorporated into the Roman Empire by the first century AD and protected by the fortified frontier of the limes, which ran across the Westerwald and Taunus mountains and crossed the Lahn river, the boundary between those, just 5 km to the east in the modern town centre of Bad Ems.
Nievern was first mentioned 1275 AD, although settlement has been suggested from around 900. It was owned by the family of the Von der Leyen since 1629 and then by the Duchy of Nassau since 1806.
During the Second World War, the nearby ironwork Nieverner Hütte, located on an island in the river, served as a production facility for munitions. Bombing raids on the factory and the nearby strategically important cities of Koblenz, Lahnstein and Nassau caused minor destruction and casualties due to accidental collateral damages in the village. Shortly before the municipality was liberated by the U.S. Army on 25 March 1945, the Wehrmacht destroyed both the rail bridge connecting the Lahntalbahn to the ironwork and the first road bridge connecting Nievern with Fachbach dating from 1928. The latter was rebuilt shortly after the war.

## Sons and Daughters of the Town

* Marcellus de Niveriis, O.F.M. (died between 1460 and 1462). He was a Franciscan friar and priest, became a swindler and adventurer and then became the 26th Bishop of Skálholt in Iceland. He never went to Iceland. He stayed in Denmark and became the Chancellor as well as the Royal Councilor under King Christian I of Denmark and Norway. He tried to get himself promoted to the Archbishop of Nidaros in Norway but lost to Heinrich Kalteisen, O.P., a Dominican who happened to be from nearby Koblenz.
# Pasar Rebo

Pasar Rebo (literally Wednesday Market in Betawi) is a district (kecamatan) of East Jakarta, Indonesia. The boundaries of Pasar Rebo District are the Ciliwung to the west and north; and Bogor Raya Road and Cipinang River to the east. The city of Depok is located to the south of Pasar Rebo District.
Geographically Pasar Rebo consists of dry lands and rice fields. It is the district with the third highest percentage of greenery in Jakarta (54.8%, highest percentage of greenery is in Cakung (68.1%) and Cilincing Districts (64.2%)).

## Kelurahan (administrative village)

The District of Pasar Rebo is divided into five administrative villages (kelurahan):
* Pekayon - area code 13710
* Kampung Gedong - area code 13760
* Cijantung - area code 13770
* Kampung Baru - area code 13780
* Kalisari - area code 13790
# Rautanen

Rautanen (from Finnish rauta ("iron") + the surname-forming suffix -nen) is a Finnish family name. Notable people with the surname include:
* Joni Rautanen [fr] (born 1986), Finnish sprinter
* Juho Rautanen (born 1997), Finnish ice hockey player
* Martti Rautanen (1845–1926), Finnish Lutheran missionary
* Tuula Rautanen (born 1942), Finnish sprinter
# Pramana (journal)

Pramana – Journal of Physics, was launched in July 1973. Pramana (which in Sanskrit means "source of valid knowledge, a standard") is the outcome of a nationwide effort by Indian physicists to disseminate their best efforts in physics. The journal is published by the Indian Academy of Sciences in collaboration with the Indian National Science Academy and the Indian Physics Association.
The journal presents refereed papers covering current research in physics, both original contributions---research papers, brief reports or rapid communications---and invited reviews. Pramana also publishes special issues devoted to advances in specific areas of Physics.
Pramana – Journal of Physics is now distributed in print outside India and online worldwide by Springer, co-publisher of the journal together with the Indian Academy of Sciences. On Springer, Pramana – Journal of Physics is part of SpringerLink, one of the world's leading interactive databases of high quality STM journals, book series, books, reference works and online archives collection.
Pramana is published in e-only mode from Jan 2020 onwards. All content is freely available/downloadable without charge from the journal web page on the IASc website .
# Stanhopea jenischiana

Stanhopea jenischiana is a species of orchid endemic to Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, and Venezuela. The flowers are 5 cm in diameter, and have an orange-yellow to gold color, with dark chestnut-red spots on the lip and often have a dark color at the base of the petals.
# Trachycladidae

Trachycladidae is a family of sea sponges in the subclass Heteroscleromorpha. It is the only family in the monotypic order Trachycladida.

## Genera

* Rhaphidhistia Carter, 1879
* Trachycladus Carter, 1879
# Kita Narikatsu

Kita Narikatsu (北就勝, ? – 30 August 1557) was a brother of the famous Mōri Motonari and son of Mōri Hiromoto.
# Partners of the Americas

Partners of the Americas was inspired by President of the United States John F. Kennedy, who in 1963 launched the Alliance for Progress, a program of government-to-government economic cooperation across the Western Hemisphere. It is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C.

## How it works

At the heart of Partners is a “people-to-people” philosophy, which grew out of a 1962 call by President Kennedy for citizens of the Western Hemisphere to work together. Inspired by the challenge, Jim Boren, one of Partners founders, envisioned a two-way network of volunteer partnerships that would enable everyday people to contribute to the Americas.
Today, Partners has evolved into 120 volunteer chapters linked in 60 partnerships. Chapters in U.S. states form partnerships with chapters in countries or states in Latin America and the Caribbean. Each volunteer chapter is organized as a private, nonprofit institution with by-laws and regularly elected officers.

## What Partners Does

Partners programs work in many fields and across a broad spectrum of society and the day-to-day lives of people throughout the Americas. Areas include: Child Protection, Education & Global Citizenship, and Economic Development & Health. Partners works as a grassroots organization that uses partnerships between U.S. states and Latin American countries or regions to foster cultural exchange and education. These partnerships are also used to address issues in the aforementioned areas through volunteer service and technical expertise.
# Ommeren

Ommeren is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Buren, and lies about 9 km (5.6 mi) northeast of Tiel.

## History

It was first mentioned in the 9th century as Homeru. The etymology is unclear. In 1840, it was home to 413 people.
In January 2023, Ommeren made the news as would-be treasure-hunters descended on the village searching for riches potentially worth millions, allegedly hidden by Nazi soldiers during World War II. It was triggered by an old map, believed to reveal where German soldiers may have buried ammunition boxes full of looted diamonds, rubies, gold and silver. The hand-drawn map complete with a red X to mark the burial spot was part of a case file made public by the Dutch National Archive after a 75-year confidentiality period. It had been sketched by a German paratrooper interviewed by a Dutch institute after the war. The village was near the Allied front line during Operation Market Garden in 1944, an airborne attempt to create a land route into northern Germany. A subsequent officially sanctioned dig on 1 May 2023 found no treasure, rather a World War II-era bullet, some twisted scrap metal, a crumpled car wheel and muddy boots.

## Gallery

* Farm "Den Aschheuvel"
* Farm in Ommeren
# Nicki Gonzales

Nicki Gonzales is an educator and historian. She is an associate professor of history at Regis University, and was the Colorado State Historian in 2021-2022. She was the first Latino person in this role.

## Biography

Nicki Gonzales was born and raised in Denver, and her family comes from southern Colorado and northern New Mexico. Her family was part of the coal mining and agricultural communities in southern Colorado, until her grandparents moved to Denver for economic opportunity during World War II. Her grandfather was an active union member in the meat packing industry. She identifies as Mexican-American and Chicana.
Gonzales graduated from Yale University with a BA in English literature in 1992. She earned her PhD in American History from University of Colorado Boulder in 1997. While at CU Boulder, she was one of the researchers who built the case for the Sangre de Cristo Land Grant lawsuits. Additionally, she developed a research interest into Mexican-American and Chicano Vietnam war veterans, partly because her father was a Marine during the war.
Gonzales is a professor of history and vice provost for diversity and inclusion at Regis University.
She is a member of the State Historian's Council. She served as an advisor for several History Colorado exhibits, including El Movimiento: The Chicano Movement in Colorado and Zoom In: The Centennial State in 100 Objects. She was appointed in 2020 by Governor Jared Polis as vice chair of the Colorado Geographic Naming Advisory Board. She also served on Mayor Michael Hancock's advisory panel for renaming public landmarks.
In 2021, she was named Colorado State Historian by the State Historian's Council. One of her goals was to create "a more inclusive, broader history of our state."
Gonzales was a major contributor to Denver's first Latino/Chicano Historic Context study. Her research expertise is in Chicano history and Southwest social and political movements, including the experiences of Chicano/Latino Vietnam veterans.

### Personal life

Gonzales has two sons, Danny and Teddy.

## Published works

* Gonzales, Nicki. “‘Yo Soy Loco Por Esa Sierra’: The History of Land Rights Activism in San Luis Colorado, 1863-2002.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2007.

## Recognition

* 2021, Trailblazer Award from Latinas First Foundation
# Patristica Sorbonensia

Patristica Sorbonensia was a collection of academic works on patristically related themes, edited by Henri-Irénée Marrou and published by Le Seuil.
The volumes include:
1 Michel Spanneut; Le Stoicisme des Pères de l'Eglise, de Clément de Rome à Clément d'Alexandrie, 1957.
2 Marguerite Harl:Origène d'Alexandrie et la fonction révélatrice du Verbe Incarné, 1958.
3 Jean Meyendorf: Introduction à l'étude de Grégoire Palamas, 1959.
4 Pierre Riché: Education et culture dans l'Occident barbare VI$^e$-VIII$^e$ siècles, 1962.
5 Antoine Guillaumont: Les 'kephalaia gnostica' d'Evagre le Pontique et l'histoire de l'origénisme chez les Grecs et chez les Syriens, 1962.
6 Annie Jaubert: La notion d' Alliance dans le judaïsme aux abords de l'ère chrétienne, 1963.
7 André Méhat: Etude sur les "Stromates" de Clément d'Alexandrie.
8 Michel Meslin: Les Ariens d'Occident 335–430, 1967.
9 Henri-Irénée Marrou:Patristique et humanisme, Melanges, 1976.
# Raynushkovtsi

Raynushkovtsi is a village in Tryavna Municipality, in Gabrovo Province, in northern central Bulgaria.
# Postage stamps and postal history of German East Africa

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of German East Africa.
German East Africa was a German colony in East Africa, including what is now Burundi, Rwanda and Tanganyika (the mainland part of present Tanzania). It came into existence during the 1880s and ended during World War I, when the area was taken over by the British and Belgians, and later as League of Nations mandate territories.

## German postal agency

A German postal agency was established on 27 February 1885 in Lamu using German stamps for mail. Following the Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty in 1890 Germany created the colony of German East Africa. Initially German stamps were used. The first postage stamps for German East Africa were German stamps surcharged in pesa values in 1893, followed by stamps overprinted "Deutsch-Ostafrika" in 1896. In 1900, Germany issued the "Yachts," a common design used for all of Germany's colonies, featuring the Kaiser's yacht Hohenzollern. In German East Africa they were denominated in pesas and rupees (64 pesas to a rupee), and inscribed "DEUTSCH-OSTAFRIKA". In 1905 new stamps were denominated in "hellers," 100 hellers to a rupee. Germany continued to print stamps during the war, issuing a 1-rupee watermarked Yacht in 1916 (genuine uses of this stamp are extremely rare, worth US$20,000 or more).

## Occupation

After the colony was occupied by Belgian and British troops, each issued its own provisional stamps. In 1916, the Belgians overprinted stamps of Belgian Congo in several ways, first with "RUANDA" and "URUNDI," although these were never actually used. A second series was overprinted with the dual-language "EST AFRICAIN ALLEMAND / OCCUPATION BELGE / DUITSCH OOST AFRIKA / BELGISCHE BEZETTING." In 1922 these stamps received surcharges ranging from 5c to 50c.
In 1916, at the request of Brigadier General Edward Northey, to the Governor of Nyasaland, Nyasaland stamps were overprinted "N.F.". The overprint was intended to be "N.F.F.", for "Nyasaland Field Force", but the telegraph operator omitted one “F.” when sending the request to the Governor. The stamps could only be used by troops of the Nyasaland Rhodesian Field Force. Although they were primarily intended for use in German East Africa, they were also used from field post offices in Nyasaland and Mozambique. They were not issued to any civilian post office nor could they be used by any civilians.
The civilian population were able to send mail through the Indian Army postal service field post offices using Indian Expeditionary Forces stamps (Indian stamps overprinted "I.E.F."). When civilian post offices were opened in 1917, stamps of East Africa and Uganda Protectorates were issued overprinted with "G.E.A.". The same overprint on stamps of East Africa and Uganda Protectorates issued in 1921 after the establishment of Tanganyika are considered part of Tanganyika's postal history.

### Mafia Island

On January 12, 1915, Mafia was taken by British troops as a base for the air and sea assault on the light cruiser Königsberg. Stamps were issued by the British occupation forces on the island of Mafia in 1915 and 1916.
# Santo Domingo Canton

Santo Domingo Canton may refer to:
* Santo Domingo (canton), Costa Rica
* Santo Domingo Canton (Ecuador)
# Stanhopea haseloffiana

Stanhopea haseloffiana is a species of orchid endemic to northeastern Peru.
# Trachygonidae

Trachygonidae is a family of millipedes belonging to the order Chordeumatida. Adult millipedes in this family have 28 or 30 segments (counting the collum as the first segment and the telson as the last).
Genera:
* Acrochordum Attems, 1899
* Gottscheeosoma Verhoeff, 1927
* Halleinosoma Verhoeff, 1913
* Heteracrochordum Loksa, 1960
* Trachygona Cook, 1895
* Trachysoma
# Koidu Secondary School

Koidu Secondary School is a government-sponsored secondary school located in Koidu City, Kono District, Sierra Leone. The school is the largest and most prominent secondary school in Kono District and one of the largest in the country. The current principal is Mr KAI E. JIMMY.

## Notable alumni

Some of Sierra Leone's most gifted students have come from the Koidu Secondary School. The school has a history of producing some of Sierra Leone's most prominent people, including current Sierra Leone's vice president Samuel Sam-Sumana, principal Ansarul Islamic Boys Secondary School Mohamed Wura Jalloh, retired colonel Komba Mondeh Sierra Leone Army, retired captain Samuel Komba Kambo Sierra Leone Army, and footballers Komba Yomba Damaand Solomon Yambasu. Others include Dennis Kaiyomba Turner, Sahr Max Lebbie, Aiah Bindi, Osman Turay, Bintu Jabbie, District Manager iEARN Kono Paul Komba Pessima and several prominent Sierra Leoneans.
# Pastaur

Pastaur is a village in Bachhrawan block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, its population is 2,197, in 382 households. It is located 13 km from Bachhrawan, the block headquarters, and the main staple foods are wheat and rice.
The 1961 census recorded Pastaur as comprising 5 hamlets, with a total population of 1,043 people (528 male and 515 female), in 213 households and 205 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 1,470 acres.
The 1981 census recorded Pastaur as having a population of 1,517 people, in 287 households, and having an area of 615.93 hectares.
# Omoglymmius vicinus

Omoglymmius vicinus is a species of beetle in the subfamily Rhysodidae. It was described by Grouvelle in 1895.
# Patrick Smith (skateboarder)

Patrick Smith or Pat Smith is an American fabricator, carpenter, skateboard ramp builder, skate community contributor, professional skateboarder and skate company owner who lives and works in New York City.

## Early life and education

Smith was born in Germany, growing up in a military family. Smith grew up getting re-stationed around the world every 3 years, spending most of his youth outside of Baltimore. Smith grew up skating at Lansdowne Skatepark. Smith studied programming at University of Maryland, Baltimore County.

## Skateboarding career

Smith skated for Real Skateboards. After Real, Smith skated for Black Label, appearing in the Label Kills video.
According to Steve Rodriguez, Pat Smith was the first to ollie the doubleset at LES Skatepark. Smith makes an appearance in a Jenkem Magazine's article DISCOVERING EVEN MORE SKATE SPOTS VIA GOOGLE EARTH in 2020.
Patrick Smith emphasizes the need to support your local skate shop. Smith rode for the Pitcrew skate shop in Frederick, Maryland until it closed in 2017.

### Skate videos appearances

| Skate video Parts & Appearances | Year |
| Real – Kicked Out Of Everywhere | 1999 |
| Black Out | 2002 |
| 411VM – Issue 61 | 2003 |
| 5boro – Word of Mouth | 2004 |
| CODA – Self Titled | 2008 |
| CODA – Slappy Hour | 2011 |

### Ramp building practice

Growing up in rural Maryland, Smith built his own ramps in his early teens out of necessity. Smith has been building ramps his whole life. In 2020, Smith was acknowledged by The New York Times for his contributions to a Long Island DIY skate spot.

#### CODA CURB PROJECT

Smith and friends poured and donated long concrete curbs to select New York City skate spots and parks including Blue Park.

### Coda Skateboards

Smith founded Coda Skateboards.
# Rayo (name)

Rayo is a name. This article lists people with this name.

## People
### Surname

* Agustín Rayo (born 1973), Mexican philosopher of logic, metaphysics and language
* Antonio Rayo (born 1982), better known as Rayito, Spanish musician
* Faustino Rayo (died 1875), assassin of President of Ecuador Gabriel García Moreno
* Gibran Rayo (born 2001), American professional footballer
* Leonardo Rayo (born 1992), Chilean former professional footballer
* Omar Rayo (1928–2010), Columbian painter, sculptor, caricaturist and plastic artist
* Ulises Rayo (born 1994), Nicaraguan professional footballer

### Stage name

* Rayo de Jalisco Jr. (born 1960), Mexican luchador
* Rayo de Jalisco Sr. (1932–2018), Mexican luchador
# Portraits of Anarchists

Portraits of Anarchists is a limited edition 6-song EP attached to the front of the book i-Portraits of Anarchists by Casey Orr. It features exclusive songs not available elsewhere.
"Nothing Knocks Me Over" is a remake of the song "Love Can Knock You Over" from Swingin' with Raymond.

## Track listing

* "Don't Tip-Toe" (3:26)
* "Nothing Knocks Me Over" (3:05)
* "I Can Only Take/Give So Much" (2:31)
* "I Am Tradition & Tomorrow" (1:40)
* "Time After Time" (3:11)
* "You Grow Old" (3:24)
# Starlite (disambiguation)

Starlite is a thermal insulate material.
Starlite or Star Lite may also refer to:

## Military

* Operation Starlite or Battle of Van Tuong, a 1966 battle in the U.S.–Vietnam War
* STARLite Radar, a U.S. Army radar system

## Music

* Starlite Festival, an international music festival in Marbella, Spain
* Starlite Music Theatre a former theater in Latham, New York, U.S.
* Starlite Orchestra, Mandacy Entertainment's inhouse musicians
* Starlite Records, a UK record label
* "Starlite", a 2006 song by Panacea from Ink Is My Drink

## Transport

* Nu-Klea Starlite, an electric car by Nu-Klea
* Starlite Ferries, a ferry company in the Philippines
* Star-Lite Aircraft, a U.S. aircraft manufacturer
* StarLite Engineering, a U.S. company producing the StarLite Warp

## Other uses

* Starlite (video game), 2009 multiplayer online game
* Star Lite Motel, a historic motel in Dilworth, Minnesota, U.S.
* STAR-LITE, an astrophysics experiment aboard U.S. Space Shuttle flight STS-95
* Samsung Galaxy A9 Star Lite, a smartphone in the Samsung Galaxy A series

## People with the name

* Francis Farewell Starlite (born 1981) U.S. musician
* Starlite Lotulelei Jr. (born 1989) U.S. American football player
# Tragia betonicifolia

Tragia betonicifolia, commonly called betonyleaf noseburn, is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae). It is native to North America, where it is primarily found in the South-Central region of the United States extending north into Kansas and Missouri, with disjunct populations east in Tennessee. Its typical natural habitat is dry areas with sandy or rocky soil, in glades, prairies, bluffs, and dry woodlands.
Tragia betonicifolia is a perennial herb or subshrub. Its leaves are triangular-lanceolate, truncate to cordate at the base, with an acute tip. Its petioles are around 10–40 mm. It produces small yellow flowers from late spring through summer. Tragia betonicifolia can be distinguished from the similar looking Tragia urticifolia by its shorter pedicels on staminate flowers (with the persistent base only reaching 0.6 mm), and its more distally clustered flowers in the raceme. In addition, Tragia betonicifolia typically has more branches from the base of the stem.
Tragia betonicifolia has stinging hairs that are painful when touched.