OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jacob Ulfeldt (born 1567)

Jacob Ulfeldt (25 June 1567 – 25 June 1630) was a Danish diplomat, explorer, and chancellor of King Christian IV of Denmark.

## Early life and family

Jakob Ulfeldt was born at Bavelse, the son of privy councillor Jacob Ulfeldt (1535–1593) and Anne Jakobsdatter Flemming.
Ulfeldt married Birgitte Brockenhuus (9 August 1580–24 December 1656) on 10 June 1599 in Nyborg. She was the daughter of lensmand Laurids Brockenhuus (1552–1604), owner of Egeskov and Bramstrup, and Karen née Skram (1544–1625). Together, Jakob and Anne had 17 children, including:
* Corfitz Ulfeldt (1606–1664)
* Elsebet Jacobsdatter (died 1676)
* Knud Ulfeldt (1600–1646)
* Eiler Ulfeldt (1613–1644)
* Frands Ulfeldt (1601–1636)
* Laurids Ulfeldt (1605–1659)
* Ebbe Ulfeldt (1610–1654)
* Flemming Ulfeldt (1607–1657).

## Career

From 1581 he travelled widely, reaching many places which were rarely visited by Danish travellers at the time, and did not return to Denmark until 1597. Among the destinations he visited were Greece, Turkey, Rhodes, Cyprus, Egypt and Syria. After returning to Denmark in 1597, he managed his estates, included Ulfeldtsholm which he had inherited from his father in 1693. In 1616, he sold Ulfeldtsholm to Ellen Marsvin and instead acquired Egeskov Castle.
In 1607, Ulfeldt became a member of the Privy Council. In 1609, he was appointed Chancellor of the Realm. He was a driving force behind the alliance with the Netherlands in 1621 and the extended union with the duchies of Schleswig-Holstein in 1623. Unlike the Privy Council, from 1621 he worked for the creation of a Protestant union under the leadership of Christian IV in the Thirty Years' War, an effort which was successful in 1625.

## Writings

Ulfeldt has left a vivid account of his travels in the Holy Land and Egypt, which is still kept at the Danish Royal Library, describing Constantinople, the Colossus of Rhodes, Islands in the Adriatic Sea, Cyprus, Tripoli, Beirut, Sidon, Tyre (Lebanon), Jaffa, Jerusalem, and Cairo together with the Giza pyramids and Pyramid of Djoser.
# Vadim Bejenari

Vadim Bejenari is a Moldovan professional footballer who plays as a midfielder.

## Football career

Bejenari made his professional debut for Zimbru on 9 April 2016 against Dinamo-Auto, coming on as an 88th-minute substitute in a 2–1 win at the Zimbru Stadium.
# McAllister House (Colorado Springs, Colorado)

The McAllister House is a historic house located on 423 N. Cascade Ave. in Colorado Springs, Colorado. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 14, 1973. It was owned by Henry McAllister and was opened as a public museum in 1961.
# Suillia pilimana

Suillia pilimana, is a European species of Heleomyzidae.
# Saint-Léonard Aerodrome

Saint-Léonard Aerodrome (IATA: YSL, ICAO: CYSL) is located 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) southeast of Saint-Léonard, New Brunswick, Canada.

## Recent history

The city of Edmundston purchased the airport for $1 and subsequently transferred the ownership to Madawaska Airport Authority. In July 2015, Madawaska Airport Authority announced it would shut down some of the airport operations. J.D. Irving and local community groups intervened to halted the closure of the airport. In October 2017, J.D. Irving purchased the airport for $100,000.

## Service

The airport had regularly scheduled flights to Montreal (Dorval) on Air Nova for part of the 1980s and 1990s.
# Nashinari-ike Dam

Nashinari-ike Dam (Japanese: 梨成池) is an earthfill dam located in Hiroshima Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for irrigation. The catchment area of the dam is 1 km$^2$. The dam impounds about 2 ha of land when full and can store 111 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was started on 1994 and completed in 1997.
# M.Kallapur

M.Kallapur is a village in Belgaum district in Karnataka, India.
# Lineman's handset

A lineman's handset is a special type of telephone used by technicians for installing and testing local loop telephone lines. It is also called a test set, butt set, or buttinski.

## Components

A typical lineman's handset integrates an earpiece, a mouthpiece, a dialing interface, and a set of test leads for connecting to the telephone circuit. Originally, lineman's handsets featured a rotary dial, but modern sets use some variant of the standard 12-button DTMF keypad and also employ an amplifier for speaker use. Most handsets are designed to be used with analog "POTS" lines, and have limited or no function with digital circuits. Older telephone linemen also referred to the handset as a "Goat".
In addition to the basic features listed above, handsets often include one or more of:
* Speakerphone
* Redial
* A talk/monitor toggle switch
* Mute
* Hook flash button
* Tone/pulse dialing selection switch
* Low-pass filtering to prevent disruption of data communications (such as DSL)
* A mechanical hook for hanging the set from a tool belt. On some sets, it may be moved to the receiver side, mouthpiece side, or removed altogether.

## Typical use

A lineman's handset typically connects via a pair of test leads, not the modular connector found on most consumer telephone equipment. The test leads will feature some combination of alligator clips (to connect to bare wires), a piercing spike or "bed-of-nails" (for insulated wires), and something designed to fit a punch block. Adapters designed to fit other punch block types, heat coil sockets, or modular jacks may also be used.
A butt set can be connected wherever there is a line appearance—anywhere the wires are accessible. Inside the central office, this would be at a main or intermediate distribution frame. For outside plant work, this would include any serving area interface, such as a cross-connect box or aerial splice enclosure. At subscriber sites (e.g., residence), this could be inside or behind the housing of a modular connector or at the network interface.
When connected to a line, a lineman's handset is essentially indistinguishable from regular subscriber equipment. The technician can monitor an active call, answer incoming calls, and make outgoing calls. Common tests include checking for dial tone, using ANAC to identify the line, and using a ringback number.
# Mauesia cornuta

Mauesia cornuta is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Lane in 1956. It is known from French Guiana and Brazil.
# Supervisory and Judicial Affairs Committee

The Supervisory and Judicial Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress (Chinese: 全国人民代表大会监察和司法委员会; pinyin: Quánguó Rénmín Dàibiǎo Dàhuì Jiānchá Hé Sĩfǎ Wěiyuánhuì) is one of ten special committees of the National People's Congress, the national legislature of the People's Republic of China. The special committee was created during the first session of the 7th National People's Congress in March 1988, and has existed for every National People's Congress since.
The committee is formerly known as the Internal and Judicial Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress. It has had its current name since 2018.

## Chairpersons

| Congress | Chairperson | Vice-chairpersons |
| 7th National People's Congress | Xi Zhongxun | |
| 8th National People's Congress | Meng Liankun (孟连崑) | |
| 9th National People's Congress | Hou Zongbin (侯宗宾) | |
| 10th National People's Congress | He Chunlin (何椿霖) | |
| 11th National People's Congress | Huang Zhendong | |
| 12th National People's Congress | Ma Wen | Bai Jingfu, Wang Yifu (汪毅夫), Deng Changyou, Qin Guangrong, Li Shenming (李慎明), Chen Xiurong (陈秀榕), Wang Shengming (王胜明), Su Hui (苏辉), He Yehui (何晔晖) |
| 13th National People's Congress | Wu Yuliang | Wang Jiaocheng, Zhang Sujun (张苏军), Wang Shengming (王胜明), Xu Xianming, Han Xiaowu (韩晓武), Li Yuefeng (李钺锋), Li Wei (李伟), Liu Haixing (刘海星), Gao Youdong (高友东) |
# McKee Mk.10

The McKee Mk.10, also designated as the McKee Mk.X, is a special purpose-built American sports prototype race car, designed, developed, and built to Group 7 specifications, and competed in the Can-Am series, between 1968 and 1970. It was powered by both an Oldsmobile V8, and a Chevrolet small-block engine.
# Suillia plumata

Suillia plumata is a North American species of fly in the family Heleomyzidae.
# Saint-Léonard, Vosges

Saint-Léonard (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Vosges department in Grand Est in northeastern France.

## Geography

The village lies in the eastern part of the commune, some 7.5 km (4.7 mi) south of Saint-Dié-des-Vosges, on the left bank of the river Meurthe.
The river Mortagne has its source in the western part of the commune.
# Nashipur Rail Bridge

Nashipur Rail Bridge or Nashipur – Azimganj Rail Bridge (officially Bridge No.8) connects Murshidabad Junction railway station and Azimganj Junction across the river Bhagirathi of district Murshidabad in the Indian state of West Bengal. This 313 metres (1,027 ft) long rail bridge is operational from March 2024.

## History

The bridge used to exist during British regime and was later disbanded during World War II. Azimganj - Nalhati Railway line started in the year 1872. The bridge used to act as a NG branch line from Azimganj to Behrampore connecting Lalgola-Krishnnagar BG line with Azimganj Nalhati BG line.
This rail bridge on the Bhagirathi river reduces travel time between South Bengal and North Bengal. As per railway officials the bridge shortens the distance between Sealdah and New Jalpaiguri by about 21 km. The new bridge is 313 metres (1,027 ft) long. Due to difficulties of land acquisition, this project was halted for 13 years since 2010. After 13 years, the dispute of the land of 476 metre has been escalated. The construction began again on November 30, 2022. Railway board promised to complete the leftover work by August, 2023. On July 29, the GM of Eastern Railway affirmed that this line would be commissioned by the end of 2023. This new line was electrified on 19 February 2024. Officials of Commissioner of Railway Safety visited the site on 29 February 2024 and trial runs were conducted. CRS gave satisfactory remarks afterwards. Azimganj Murshidabad new line was inaugurated on 2 March 2024 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

## Land acquisition problem

More the 90% of the work has been completed but due to land acquisition problem the work is stopped.
Due to the ongoing land acquisition problem for this track the Rs. 70 crore for this project of Indian Railways stands abandoned. The plots that need to be acquired are located between Azimganj railway junction and the right bank of the Bhagirathi in Mahinagar area of Murshidabad - Jiaganj block.
Rail Roko agitations has been organised since 1994 by Murshidabad District Railway Passengers Association over this long standing demand.
As per "Anandabazar patrika" dated 9 October 2015, land Acquisition problem has been resolved & land has been submitted to the railway division to start work for approach line
As per 24 Ghanta news dated 16 March 2017 the work is going on with schedule speed & lying of track & electrification will be completed by year end.
Eastern railway is planning to introduce some trains in this route and proposal has been sent to railway board for "Darjeeling mail" also to divert through this route. As per railway board they are analysing the proposal but not yet decided.
According to "Ei Samay" and "Anandabazar Patrika", work has begun on the west approach to the bridge on 30 November 2022.
# MOS-controlled thyristor

An MOS-controlled thyristor (MCT) is a voltage-controlled fully controllable thyristor, controlled by MOSFETs (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors). It was invented by V.A.K. Temple in 1984, and was principally similar to the earlier insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). MCTs are similar in operation to GTO thyristors, but have voltage controlled insulated gates. They have two MOSFETs of opposite conductivity types in their equivalent circuits. One is responsible for turn-on and the other for turn-off. A thyristor with only one MOSFET in its equivalent circuit, which can only be turned on (like normal SCRs), is called an MOS-gated thyristor.
Positive voltage on the gate terminal with respect to the cathode turns the thyristor to the on state.
Negative voltage on the gate terminal with respect to the anode, which is close to cathode voltage during the on state, turns the thyristor to the off state.
MCTs were commercialized only briefly.
# Micrulia rufula

Micrulia rufula is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in New Guinea.
# Matidia (spider)

Matidia is a genus of southeast Asian sac spiders first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1878.

## Species

As of November 2021 it contains seventeen species:
* Matidia bipartita Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 – Indonesia (Moluccas)
* Matidia calcarata Thorell, 1878 – Indonesia (Ambon)
* Matidia chlora Chrysanthus, 1967 – New Guinea
* Matidia flagellifera Simon, 1897 – Sri Lanka
* Matidia incurvata Reimoser, 1934 – India
* Matidia mas Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 – Thailand
* Matidia missai Versteirt, Baert & Jocqué, 2010 – New Guinea
* Matidia muju Chrysanthus, 1967 – New Guinea
* Matidia paranga (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) – Philippines
* Matidia simia Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 – Indonesia (Sulawesi)
* Matidia simplex Simon, 1897 – Sri Lanka
* Matidia spatulata Chen & Huang, 2006 – China, Taiwan
* Matidia strobbei Versteirt, 2010 – New Guinea
* Matidia trinotata Thorell, 1890 – Malaysia
* Matidia virens Thorell, 1878 (type) – Indonesia (Moluccas, Sulawesi)
* Matidia viridissima Strand, 1911 – Indonesia (Aru Is.)
* Matidia xieqian Yu & Li, 2021 – China
# Jaishree Odin

Jaishree Odin is a literary scholar who is the director and a professor of the Program of Interdisciplinary Studies at the University of Hawaiʻi. Her research relates to cultural studies of science and technology, literary and political ecology, ecology and ethics, system's ecology, and eco-literacy. Her work ranges from German philosophy and the feminist angle to mysticism. She has also considered the current relevance of Shaivite theories of higher consciousness.
Jaishree is sister of computer scientists Avinash Kak and Subhash Kak.

## Education and career

Odin obtained a Master of Science degree in chemistry from India, following which she went on to earn a doctorate in comparative literature from the State University of New York at Stony Brook.
Odin teaches in the Liberal Studies program at the University of Hawaii. Besides, she is the director of a Sloan foundation-funded online distance learning project at the university, which is intended to increase access to higher education in the state of Hawaii.

## Works
### Translations

She is one of the translators of Lalleshvari, the famed 14th century Kashmiri mystic and poet. She has also translated Kashmir's early Sufi poetry, especially that of Nunda Reshi. Odin's essays have been published in Commonwealth Studies and in the collection Postcolonialism and American Ethnicity.

### Electronic literature

Odin wrote To the Other Shore: Lalla's Life and Poetry (Vitasta Pub, 1999).
Odin's work includes Through the Looking Glass: Technology, Nomadology and Postmodern Narrative which the Electronic Literature State of the Arts Symposium describes as a critical exploration of shattered visual metaphors in contemporary literature which includes electronic literary forms.
Odin has written extensively on technology-mediated narrative forms as well as the role of technology in re-visioning higher education. Some of her published articles on electronic literature have dealt with the potential of the electronic media in depicting contemporary experience in multiple ways. Ponzanesi and Koen claim: "As Jaishree Odin has so aptly written, both the hypertext and the postcolonial are discourses are characterized by multivocality, multilinearity, open-endedness, active encounter and traversal. Both disrupt chronological sequences and spatial ordering (1997), allowing for a contestation of master narratives and the creation of subaltern positioning."
Odin's work includes critical exploration of shattered visual metaphors in contemporary literature

## Awards

For her work, she has been awarded various awards and grants, including a Fulbright Research Fellowship, the Alfred Sloan Foundation award and University of Hawaiʻi Relations Research Award.
# Susan Meier

Susan Meier (born April 22, 1956) is an American novelist, known for her popular romance novels.

## Biography

Susan Meier was born on April 22, 1956, in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, United States. The third of 11 children, she was raised in a big family. During high school, she wrote and directed plays complete with commercial breaks and wrote poetry.
She has worked as a major defense contractor, a columnist for a small newspaper, and a division manager for a charitable organization, as well as a legal secretary, office manager, receptionist, waitress, bingo worker, and ice cream salesperson. She decided to pursue fiction in earnest one month before her 30th birthday and published her first romance novel in 1990. She ended her tenure after 25 years when she resigned her position in the human resources department for a major defense contractor to write full-time.
She has been an active member of the Pennsylvania writers organization, Pennwriters, previously serving as President, Vice-President, Treasurer, Area Representative, Bylaws Committee Chair, and Elections Chair. She is Pennwriters' 1999 Meritorious Service Award winner. She is also a member of RWA and is a moderator on the cataromance.com Kiss and Tell bulletin board. She is a frequent workshop speaker.
Susan continues to live in Pennsylvania with her husband Michael, their three children, Michael Jr., Sarah and Allen, and two cats.
# McKee Street Bridge

The McKee Street Bridge carries McKee Street across Buffalo Bayou in Houston, Texas. Built in 1932, the three-span reinforced concrete girder bridge connects the Second and Fifth Ward areas, northeast of downtown Houston. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 3, 2002.

## Description

The 290-foot-long (88 m) continuous girder bridge is divided into two 85-foot (26 m) spans and a center 120-foot (37 m) span. The center span crosses the entire central channel of Buffalo Bayou. The bridge provides 42 feet (13 m) of vertical clearance. As it is located between two bends in the bayou and crosses it at an angle, the design also allows for 100 feet (30 m) of horizontal clearance to accommodate the small craft traveling the bayou at the time it was built. The road surface atop the concrete deck is 2.5-inch (64 mm) brick on a 1-inch (25 mm) sand cushion. The concrete girders are curved in a way that is aesthetically pleasing and reveals the distribution of the bridge's load on the girders. The bridge was painted aquamarine, purple, and lavender by a local artist in 1985.

## History

Buffalo Bayou was an import trade route between Houston and Galveston Bay as early as 1836. Steamboat service was established in 1837. The area around the future McKee Street had become a major industrial and commercial center by the start of the twentieth century. The new automobile as well as continued growth in train and bayou transportation required more, and better, bridges. The first bridge built at McKee street was a steel truss swing bridge, using a motor to move the bridge out of the way of water traffic.
The 1932 bridge was built to replace the 1908 bridge that had been demolished in 1928. A requirement by the War Department for both a minimum vertical and horizontal clearance, coupled with McKee Street meeting the bayou at a 77-degree angle required a new bridge that was unique for its time. The concrete girders, usually designed as any other type of wood or steel beam, were instead shaped to match the calculated bending moment curve, resulting in reduced cost and a longer span. Indeed, the central span was the longest of any concrete girder bridge at the time, and the undulating wave-like shape had also never been used before. The bridge was built between 1931 and 1932 for a contracted price, including removal of the previous bridge, of $122,000.
# Sulustvere

Sulustvere is a village in Põltsamaa Parish, Jõgeva County in eastern Estonia.
# Saint-Sauveur-Villages

Saint-Sauveur-Villages (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France. It was established on 1 January 2019 by merger of the former communes of Saint-Sauveur-Lendelin (the seat), Ancteville, Le Mesnilbus, La Ronde-Haye, Saint-Aubin-du-Perron, Saint-Michel-de-la-Pierre and Vaudrimesnil.
# Nannasaddie

Nannasaddie (fl. 1872–1875) was an Apache Indian scout in the U.S. Army who served under Lieutenant Colonel George Crook during the Apache Wars. He guided cavalry troopers against renegade Apaches in the Arizona Territory during Crook's winter campaign of 1872–73 and was one of ten scouts who later received the Medal of Honor for gallantry.

## Biography

Born in the Arizona Territory, Nannasaddie was among the ten Apaches hired by the U.S. Army as an Indian scout for Lieutenant Colonel George Crook's expedition against renegades active in Arizona following the surrender of Cochise in late 1872. He guided cavalry troopers in the Tonto Basin, where the Western Apache and Yavapais raiding parties had eluded the U.S. Army for several years, fighting the Apache in the mountains during Crook's winter campaign of 1872–73. A total of 23 men received the Medal of Honor. All of the Indian scouts, including Nannasaddie, received the award on April 12, 1875, for "gallant conduct during campaigns and engagements with Apaches". The other scouts included William Alchesay, Blanquet, Chiquito, Elsatsoosu, Jim, Kelsay, Kosoha, Machol and Nantaje.

## Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: Indian Scouts. Place and date: 1872–73. Entered service at:------. Birth: Arizona. Date of issue: 12 April 1875.
Citation:
   Gallant conduct during campaigns and engagements with Apaches.
# MacDraw

MacDraw is a discontinued vector graphics drawing application released along with the first Apple Macintosh systems in 1984. MacDraw was one of the first WYSIWYG drawing programs that could be used in collaboration with MacWrite. It was eventually adapted by Claris and, in the early 1990s, MacDraw Pro was released with color support. MacDraw was the vector-based cousin of MacPaint.
In the preface of the third edition of Introduction to Algorithms, the authors make an emphatic plea for the creation of an OS X-compatible version of MacDraw Pro.

## Early versions

MacDraw was based on Apple's earlier program, LisaDraw, which was developed for the Apple Lisa computer which was released in 1983. LisaDraw and MacDraw were developed by the same person, Mark Cutter.
The first version of MacDraw was similar to that of MacPaint, featuring the same tools and patterns. However, MacDraw is vector-based, meaning that an object's properties and placement can be changed at any time. MacDraw includes features for printing and also integrates with MacWrite via cut-and-paste. MacDraw is more advanced than MacPaint, featuring a grid and the ability to change the drawing dimensions. However, MacDraw lacks support for using more than one document at a time and also lacks zooming capabilities. MacDraw is especially useful in drawing flowcharts, diagrams and technical drawings.

## Later incarnations

MacDraw II (1988) was a complete rewrite of the original MacDraw. It was developed at Apple by project leader Gerard Schutten and team members Amy Goldsmith and Marjory Kaptanoglu, and was released by Claris. MacDraw II introduced color and many other missing features and was also enhanced for the Macintosh II. MacDraw eventually evolved into MacDraw Pro (1991) and ultimately ClarisDraw (1993). The final version of ClarisDraw was 1.0v4 (1994). It runs without difficulties on PowerPC-based Macs under Classic Mac OS and the Mac OS X Classic Environment (which is included in Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger and earlier).
Dekorra Optics have a version of their EazyDraw software, EazyDraw Retro, that can open documents produced by the various incarnations of MacDraw, including ClarisDraw. Later versions of LibreOffice support MacDraw files as well, but only if the file type 'Legacy Mac Drawing' is manually selected.