OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Naturalization Act of 1795

The United States Naturalization Act of 1795 (1 Stat. 414, enacted January 29, 1795) repealed and replaced the Naturalization Act of 1790. The main change made by the 1795 Act from the 1790 Act was the increase in the period of required residence in the United States before an alien can be naturalized from two to five years.
The Act also omitted the term "natural born" in the characterisation of children born outside the US to US citizen parents. The Act repeated the limitation in the 1790 Act that naturalization was reserved only for "free white person[s]." It also changed the requirement in the 1790 Act of "good character" to read "good moral character."

## Pre-1795

Before 1795, naturalization law was governed primarily by the Naturalization Act of 1790.

## Provisions

The 1795 Act continued the 1790 Act limitation of naturalization being available only to "free white person[s]." The main change was the increase in the period of required residence in the United States before an alien can be naturalized from two to five years, and the introduction of the Declaration of Intention requirement, or "first papers", which required to be filed at least three years before the formal application, creating a two-step naturalization process.
Aliens intending to naturalize had to go to their local court and declare their intention to do so at least three years before their formal application. In the declaration, the applicant would also indicate his understanding that upon naturalization he would take an oath not only of allegiance to the United States but also of renunciation of his former sovereign. In addition to the declaration of intention and oath of renunciation, the 1795 Act required all naturalized persons to be "attached to the principles of the Constitution of the United States" and be "well disposed to the good order and happiness of the same."
The Act removed the characterization of children born outside the US to US citizen parents as "natural born citizens", providing instead that such children "shall be considered as citizens of the United States".

## Post-1795

The 1795 Act was superseded by the Naturalization Act of 1798, which extended the residency requirement to 14 years and notice period to five years. The 1798 Act was repealed by the Naturalization Law of 1802, which restored the residency and notice requirements of the 1795 Act.
# Milo River

The Milo River is a river in Guinea in West Africa. It rises in the Simandou Mountains near Beyla, flows about 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the south of Siguiri and flows 300 kilometres (190 mi) north at which point it becomes one of the main tributaries of the River Niger.
The pre-colonial Baté Empire was founded in the seventeenth century and was situated in the Milo River valley. In the colonial period, the river was a valuable transportation route, as it was navigable to shallow-draft vessels from Kankan to the Niger River.
# Panchobh

Panchobh is a village in Darbhanga District, Bihar, India. It is one of the largest villages in the Mithila Region by area and population. The town of Laheriasarai, the administrative headquarters of Darbhanga district, is eight kilometers to the east. The name of the village comes from the ancestor Sri Panchu Baba, who established the village.

## Geography

Floods occur in the area in July and August, and cause damage. The main commerce of the village is agriculture.

## Demographics

Maithili is the spoken language of Panchobh. Brahmin dominate the village population, and several other castes live in nearby villages. Other castes present in the village are: Rajput, Yadav, Dhanuk, Badhay (carpenter), Khatvay, Muslim, Nai, Dhobi, Kumhar and others. In Mahnauli, Rajputs are in the majority.

## Transport

Panchobh is located beside State Highway 50 (SH 50), to Samastipur. Panchobh is also located alongside the National Highway 57 (NH 57) near Simri, which goes to Porbandar (Gujarat) and Guwahati, Assam. Panchobh is 8.5 km from Laheriasarai station, and 14 km from Darbhanga station.

## Education

Panchobh has a high school, a middle school, a primary school, and a Saraswati Sishu Mandir.
Dev Narayan High School (DN High School) was established in the village in 1957, near the Rajwan of Dihrampur Village. The school is named after D.N. Jha (Birla), a local businessman.

## Political representation

Panchobh is in the Darbhanga constituency. Gopalji Thakur of the BJP is the MP. Panchobh comes under Bahadurpur MLA constituency. Madan Sahni of the JDU is the MLA since 2020.

## Temples

Temples in Panchobh include:
* Bhola baba mandir - known as "Sivala"
* Brahm baba mandir - Known as "Baba Dihbar"
* Ram-janki mandir - known as "Shthal"
* Mata Durga sthan - Panchobh celebrates Durga Puja here every year.
Panchobh also has its own Shmashana behind Maa Durga Sthan.
# Jarrod O'Doherty

Jarrod O'Doherty (born 16 September 1977) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. He played for the Newcastle Knights from 1997 to 1998 and 2001 to 2002 and finally the Huddersfield Giants in 2003.
# MPL 16

The MPL16 is an automated rubber-tyred metro train designed by Alstom for the Lyon Metro.
# Jack Stansfield

Jack Stansfield (born 1896) was an English professional footballer who played as an outside left.

## Career

Born in Bradford, Stansfield spent his early career with Bradford (Park Avenue) and Castleford Town. He signed for Bradford City in August 1919, making 2 league appearances for the club, before signing for Hull City in January 1922. At Hull he made 11 league appearances before returning to Castleford Town.
His great-grandson James Stansfield was also a footballer; both played for Bradford (Park Avenue).

## Sources

* Frost, Terry (1988). Bradford City A Complete Record 1903–1988. Breedon Books Sport. ISBN 0-907969-38-0.
# John Hodson (bishop)

John Hodson, D.D. was an Anglican bishop.
He held livings at Louth, Drogheda, Beaulieu, Donagh and Errigal-Trough. He was Dean of Clogher from 1661 to 1667; and Bishop of Elphin from then until his death on 18 February 1686.
# Lusa (village)

Lusa is a village in Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
# Jaroslav Gabro

Jaroslav Gabro (July 31, 1919 - March 28, 1980) was an American Catholic prelate who served as the first Eparch of Chicago from 1961 to 1980.

## Biography

Born in Chicago, Illinois Gabro was ordained a priest for the Apostolic Exarchate of United States of America on September 27, 1945. Pope John XXIII named him as the bishop of St. Nicholas of Chicago on July 14, 1961. He was ordained a bishop by Archbishop Ambrozij Andrew Senyshyn, O.S.B.M. of Philadelphia on October 26, 1961. The principal co-consecrators were Bishop Isidore Borecky of Toronto and Bishop Joseph M. Schmondiuk of Stamford. He attended all four sessions of the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965). Gabro served the eparchy as its bishop until his death on March 28, 1980, at the age of 60.
# Jaroslav Moučka

Jaroslav Moučka (9 November 1923 in Studená – 26 December 2009 in Prague) was a Czech actor. He performed in more than eighty films between 1954 and 2000.

## Selected filmography

Film :
| Year | Title | Role |
| 1961 | The Night Guest | Driver Mikeš |
| 1967 | Marketa Lazarová | Jan |
| 1967 | The Nun's Night | Farmer Vitásek |
| 1970 | The Ear | Vagera |
| 1971 | Four Murders Are Enough, Darling | Tom |
| 1978 | Krabat – The Sorcerer's Apprentice | Master (voice) |
TV :
| Year | Title | Role |
| 1981 | Okres na severu | |
| 1979 | Plechová kavalérie | |
| 1979 | Hospital at the End of the City | Kovanda |
| 1975 | Chalupáři | |
# Java APIs for Bluetooth

Java APIs for Bluetooth Wireless Technology (JABWT) is a J2ME specification for APIs that allows Java MIDlets running on embedded devices such as mobile phones to use Bluetooth for short-range wireless communication. JABWT was developed as JSR-82 under the Java Community Process.
JSR 82 implementations for Java 2 Platform Standard Edition (J2SE) are also available.

## Background

The original Java Specification Request (JSR-82) was submitted by Motorola and Sun Microsystems, and approved by the Executive Committee for J2ME in September 2000. JSR-82 provided the first standardized Java API for Bluetooth protocols, allowing developers to write applications using Bluetooth that work on all devices conforming to the specification. The first version of JSR-82 was released in March 2002. The most recent update to JSR-82, Maintenance Draft Review 4, was released in March 2010. The specification, reference implementation, and Technology Compatibility Kit (TCK) are maintained at Motorola Open Source.

## Technologies and Usage
### Discovery

JABWT provides support for discovery of nearby Bluetooth devices. Java applications can use the API to scan for discoverable devices, identify services provided by discovered devices, and search for devices that the device frequently contacts.

### Object Exchange APIs

JABWT provides an object exchange API for transfer of data objects between devices. For example, two devices conforming to the OBEX protocol could exchange virtual business cards or calendar appointments.

### Device Management

JABWT allows management of the local device’s state. JABWT applications are able to access information about the host device (such as Bluetooth address), mark their host device as discoverable to other Bluetooth devices, and register to provide services.

### Security

JABWT supports connections with different levels of security. Applications using the APIs can pass parameters to the Connector.open method indicating the level of security required to establish a connection to another device.

### Compatible Devices

Hundreds of mobile devices from different manufacturers comply with the JSR-82 specification. Google maintains a list of devices that conform to the JSR-82 specification.

## Implementations

Several open-source implementations of the JSR-82 specification are available:
* AvetanaBluetooth Implementation
* BlueCove: Java Library for Bluetooth
# Jarosławiec

Jarosławiec may refer to the following places:
* Jarosławiec, Poznań County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Jarosławiec, Hrubieszów County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Jarosławiec, Zamość County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Jarosławiec, Środa Wielkopolska County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Jarosławiec, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland)
# Jayant Meghani

Jayant Jhaverchand Meghani (10 August 1938 – 4 December 2020) was an Indian editor, translator and bookman from Gujarat, India. He was the fifth son of Gujarati writer Jhaverchand Meghani whose several works he edited.

## Biography

Meghani was born on 10 August 1938 in Botad, Gujarat as the fifth son of Jhaverchand Meghani, a Gujarati writer. After schooling in Botad, he completed his Bachelor of Commerce from Gujarat University, Ahmedabad in 1960, and obtained a Diploma in Library Science from Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in 1962.
He worked as a librarian at Gandhi Smriti Library, Bhavnagar for six years, and then as a manager at Lokmilap Trust, Bhavnagar for eight years. In 1972, he founded Prasar, a book shop in Bhavnagar.
He died on 4 December 2020 in Bhavnagar.

## Works

Meghani edited several books including Sona-Navadi : Samagra Kavita, Saurashtra Ni Rasadhar : Sankalit Avritti, Sorathi Baharvatia : Sankalit Avritti, Radhiali Raat : Brihad Avritti, Loksahitya ane Charani Sahitya' : Vyakhyano ane Lekho', Meghani Na Natako (1997), Meghani Ni Samagra Navalika (1998), and Paribhraman: Navsankaran (2009, with Ashok Meghani). These edited volumes were later included in the Complete works of Jhaverchand Meghani, published by Gujarat Sahitya Academy, which were also edited by Meghani himself. He had completed editing of 12 volumes of the 19-volume series.
He has also written Saptaparni, Anukruti, Ravindra-Putravadhu as well as The Story of Gandhi.
He translated four books for the Oxford Illustrated Stories for Adult series: Aladin Ane Alibaba (1984), Columbus (1984), Apaharan (1986), and Hercules (1986). He translated Hiuan-Tsang No Bharat-Pravas (1995) for National Book Trust's Nehru Children Library Series. He translated Rabindranath Tagore's several poems under the title Tanakhala which is also notable for its design. He translated Mittal Patel's book Sarnama Vina Na Manvio (People Without Address) from Gujarati to English.

## Reception

Sanjay Shripad Bhave has called his editing "exemplary" and attributed it to his expertise in literature, bookkeeping and library science.
# Jayant Parmer

Jayant Parmar (born 11 October 1954) is an Indian Urdu language poet known for raising Dalit issues in his poetry. Parmar was born in a poor family. At a young age, he began to paint miniature paintings for a frame maker. Parmar realized that the frame maker had a separate pot for him because he was Dalit. This saddened Parmar and he quit.
Parmar taught himself Urdu from a language learning guide at age 30 after he developed an appreciation for Urdu poetry while living in a Muslim-dominated area in the walled city area of Ahmedabad. He has published a number of poetry collections: Aur in 1998, Pencil Aur Doosri Nazmein in 2006, Manind in 2008, Antaral in 2010 and Giacometti ke sapne in 2016. Parmar won the 2008 Sahitya Akademi Award in Urdu for Pencil Aur Doosri Nazmein. His work has been translated into Kashmiri, Punjabi, Hindi, Marathi, Bangla, Kannada, Gujarati, Oriya and Slovenian.
# Jean-Charles Roman d'Amat

Jean-Charles Roman d'Amat (Crots, 12 May 1887 – Versailles, 29 March 1976) was a French librarian and historian. He was one of the editors of Dictionnaire de biographie française.
# Jay Boy

Jay Boy was a record label established as part of President Records in the United Kingdom, primarily to release records in Britain from American sources. It was formed in 1968 and released records until 1976.
The first release on the label was "You Can't Do That" by Doris Willingham, later known as Doris Duke. In all, the label released 116 singles. Its most successful releases in the UK were originally issued in the US on the TK label, including "Rock Your Baby" by George McCrae, a British no. 1 hit in 1974, and several other hits by both McCrae and KC and the Sunshine Band.
# Jean-Georges Kastner

Jean-Georges Kastner, born 9 March 1810 in Strasbourg, died 19 December 1867 in Paris, was a composer and musicologist.

## Biography

Kastner's parents were Johann Georg Kastner, from Dettwiller, and Marie Salome Pfeiffer, from Woerth. Despite his interest in music, Kastner studied theology at the University of Strasbourg at the request of his father from 1827 to 1832. After the premiere of his opera The Queen of the Sarmatian in 1835 in Strasbourg, the city council granted him a scholarship to the Paris Conservatoire where he studied with Anton Reicha and Henri Montan Berton.
Kastner's strongest interest was in wind music, and he was especially interested in the instrumental inventions of Adolphe Sax. His compositions for saxhorn and alto saxophone were among the earliest works written for these instruments. Included in his Manuel général de musique militaire (1848) are some of the earliest illustrations of Sax's instruments.
On 16 May 1837 he married his student in Paris, Léonie Kastner-Boursault. Since Léonie was wealthy, her husband could practice his profession without any financial worries. Kastner was the father of physician and musician Frédéric Kastner, inventor of the pyrophone.

## Works

* Livres-partitions
* La danse macabre, 1852
* Les Chants de la vie, 1854
* Le chant de l'armée française, 1855
* Les cris de Paris, 1857
* La rève d'Oswald on les sirènes, 1856

## Literature

* Manuel général de musique militaire à l'usage des armées françaises, Firmin Didot Frères, 1848
* Les Chants de l'armée française, Brandus, Dufour & Cie, 1855
# Jean I. de Pardailhan

Jean de Pardaillan was a fourteenth century Catholic Bishop of Oloron in France.
He was Bishop of Oloron from 1 May 1491 until his resignation in 1500. After his resignation the diocese was Administered for 25 years by Cardinals Juan López, Amanieu d'Albret and Giovanni Salviati.
# Jean Julien Michel Savary

Jean-Julien Savary (18 November 1753 – 27 December 1839) was a French soldier and politician. His first names were given as Jean-Julien-Marie on the covers of his historical works.

## Life

Although he was born in Vitré, Jean-Julien-Marie. Savary was thought of as an adopted native of Cholet. He became a lawyer in 1780 and adopted the principles of the French Revolution, taking a very active part in the War in the Vendée. He was president of the tribunal of Cholet from 1790 to 1793.
When the War in the Vendée broke out, the rebels captured Savary. In March 1793, during the First Battle of Cholet, he narrowly escaped death thanks to a petition from the inhabitants of Cholet, then managed to escape. He then became civil commissar to the staff of Canclaux and Kléber. Next he was adjutant-general to the armée de l'Ouest and fought in the Battle of Savenay. After the virée de Galerne he was put in command of Châteaubriant in 1794 and fought against the Chouans.
He opposed the massacres planned by Turreau's infernal columns. At Nantes, he tried to convince Carrier to save the captured Vendéen children, notably at the prison de l'Entrepôt des cafés in the city. His historical works was said by many historians "to be located at the hinge between witness and analysis, succeeding in combining his experience with general Kléber with citations from the archives".
He then began a political career, sitting on the Council of Five Hundred then the Council of the Ancients. He was sub-inspector to the reviews during the Consulate and First French Empire. He was made a knight of the Légion d'honneur on 17 January 1805. He died in Paris on 27 December 1839.

## Works

* Jean Julien Michel Savary, Guerres des Vendéens et des Chouans contre la République française, Hachette Bnf, 1824-1827 (ISBN 9782012665361)
* Jean Julien Michel Savary, Mon examen de conscience sur le 18 brumaire an 8 (9 novembre 1799), Hachette Bnf, 2016, 112 p. (ISBN 978-2011306487)
# Jehan (singer)

Jean Marie Cayrecastel better known as Jehan (stylized as JeHaN) (born in Montluçon, Allier in 1957) is a French songwriter and singer. He is one of the last itinerant songwriter from the Midi with uninterrupted Trouvère (i.e. French-Speaking Troubadour) tradition.

## Discography

* 2007 : Le cul de ma sœur
* 2006 : Compilation Paysâme
* 2006 : Compilation Toulouse en chanson
* 2004 : L'envers de l'ange
* 2001 : Live for Dimey – Made in Toulouse (with Lionel Suarez)
* 1999 : Les ailes de Jehan
* 1998 : Dimey Divin
* 1996 : Paroles de Dimey
# Jeffrey Owen Kephart

Jeffrey Owen Kephart is an electrical engineer at the IBM T. J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York. Kephart was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2013 for his contributions to autonomic computing. He received his PhD in electrical engineering from Stanford University in 1987, under Richard H. Pantell.
# Jean Seitlinger

Jean Seitlinger (French pronunciation:; 16 November 1924 – 1 September 2018) was a French politician who was a member of the National Assembly of France. He represented the Moselle's 5th constituency from 1958 to 1997, with interruptions. From 1979 - 1984 he was a member of the European Parliament.
The Conseil Général of Moselle renamed the Collège de Rohrbach in Rohrbach-lès-Bitche to Collège Jean Seitlinger in his honor in 2013.
He published his autobiography in 2006 titled Un Lorrain au coeur de l'Europe.
# Jean Lave

Jean Lave is a social anthropologist who theorizes learning as changing participation in on-going changing practice. Her lifework challenges conventional theories of learning and education.

## Education and career

Lave received a Bachelor's from Stanford University, and completed her doctorate in social anthropology at Harvard University in 1968. She taught at the University of California, Irvine and is currently a professor emerita of geography at the University of California, Berkeley.
In 1988, Lave published her first book, Cognition in Practice: Mind, Mathematics and Culture in Everyday Life. In it, she explores how arithmetic is used outside of school contexts, with implications for sociological understanding of the relationship between cognition, practice, culture, and society. For instance, she shows that grocery shoppers in Orange County, California who could successfully do the mathematics needed for comparison shopping were less able to do the same mathematics when they were presented with the same problems in a formal test. The work is considered a critique of learning transfer theory and challenges the drawing of sharp boundaries between theories of rationality and theories of everyday thought.
In 1991, Lave pioneered the theories of situated learning and communities of practice with the publication of her seminal text, Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation (in collaboration with her student Étienne Wenger). The theory of situated learning posits that, in the words of anthropologist Nigel Rapport, learning is a "social process" and that individuals "learn best, it is suggested, in a situation in which participants share a common identity and goals... in the middle of our lives, while doing other everyday things, alongside people with whom we identify." Furthermore, Lave's studies of apprenticeship in this and subsequent works are recognized as a significant critique of educational psychology. As of September 2024, Situated Learning has been cited over 103,000 times.

## Honors and awards

In 1989, Lave was named a Spencer Senior Scholar of the Spencer Foundation. In 1994, Lave received the Sylvia Scribner Research Award from the American Educational Research Association. In 2013, Lave was jointly awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Society for Psychological Anthropology with Anthony F. C. Wallace.
She holds honorary degrees from both Aarhus University, awarded in 2008, and the University of St Andrews, awarded in 2015.

## Selected publications

Lave's published books include:
* Learning and Everyday Life: Access, Participation, and Changing Practice (2019)
* Apprenticeship in Critical Ethnographic Practice (2011)
* History in Person: Enduring Struggles, Contentious Practice, Intimate Identities (edited with Dorothy Holland, 2000)
* Understanding Practice (co-authored with Seth Chaiklin, 1993)
* Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation (co-authored with Etienne Wenger, 1991)
* Cognition in Practice (1988)
# Jerangle

Jerangle is a locality in New South Wales, Australia. The locality is in the Snowy Monaro Regional Council local government area, 366 kilometres (227 mi) south of the state capital, Sydney and 112 kilometres (70 mi) south-east of the national capital, Canberra. At the 2016 census, Jerangle had a population of 96.
Jerangle has a cemetery, two churches, a school, a Country Women's Association hall and phone box. The main location is the school; Jerangle Public School. This school has had small numbers of students that range from 6 to 20. The school was established as a "house to house" school in 1884, but has operated at a permanent location since 1892, although generally as a "half-time" school until 1923.
# Jeff Glickman

Jeff Glickman is an American computer scientist and entrepreneur. He specializes in artificial intelligence, image processing and stochastic computation. He designed and built an AI driven investment advisor for the company J4 Capital which he founded in 2017. The AI is reportedly performing better than any other known AI-advised technology with a success rate of 60% i.e. for every trade it is correct 60% of the time.
In 2010, Glickman spotted an Amelia Earhart-related anomaly in a tiny 75 year-old black-and-white photo giving a possible clue to her fate. A 2019 search of the island suggests that the object in the photo resembles local rocks.