OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Richard Gilmour

Richard Gilmour (September 28, 1824 – April 13, 1891) was a Scottish-born Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Cleveland from 1872 until his death in 1891.

## Biography
### Early life

Gilmour was born in Dumbarton, Scotland to John and Marian (née Callander) Gilmour, both Reformed Presbyterians. In 1829, the family immigrated to Nova Scotia in Canada, but later settled near Latrobe, Pennsylvania. He received his classical education in Philadelphia, where he became acquainted with Rev. Patrick Rafferty, pastor of St. Francis Xavier Parish.
Gilmour's friendship with Rafferty led Gilmour to convert to Catholicism in 1844, and he soon decided to enter the priesthood. In 1846, he entered Mount St. Mary's Seminary in Emmitsburg, Maryland. In addition to his studies, Gilmour was named prefect of collegians and professor of mathematics in 1847. He received his Master of Arts degree in 1848.

### Priesthood

Gilmour was ordained a priest for the Diocese of Cincinnati by Archbishop John Purcell on August 30, 1852. After his ordination, Gilmour was appointed pastor of Church of Nativity of our Lord Jesus Christ Parish in Portsmouth, Ohio. He organized and built the English speaking Catholic church, Holy Redeemer in Portsmouth in 1853. Gilmour also conducted missionary work in Ironton, Gallipolis, Vinton, and Wilkesville, all in Ohio. He helped organize St. Lawrence Parish in Ironton and construct its church.
In 1857, Gilmour was appointed pastor of St. Patrick's Parish in Cincinnati, where he erected a parochial school. He served as a professor at Mount St. Mary's Seminary of the West in Cincinnati from 1868 to 1869 before being named pastor of St. Joseph's Parish in Dayton, Ohio.

### Bishop of Cleveland

On February 15, 1872, Gilmour was appointed as the second bishop of the Diocese of Cleveland by Pope Pius IX. He received his episcopal consecration on April 14, 1872, from Archbishop Purcell, with Bishops Augustus Toebbe and Caspar Borgess serving as co-consecrators, at St. Peter's Cathedral in Cincinnati.
As bishop, Gilmour founded The Catholic Universe newspaper in 1874. In 1877, the Cuyahoga County auditor announced plans to tax Catholic churches and schools. Gilmour fought the auditor in court, winning his case six years later. He was also wary of the public school system. He established St. Ann's Asylum and Maternity Home, St. Michael Hospital, and St. John Hospital.
In 1882, Gilmour condemned the Ladies Land League chapter in Cleveland.. Founded in Ireland, the League was a women's organization that assisted tenants being evicted from their homes.

### Death and legacy

Due to his declining health, Gilmour went to St. Augustine, Florida in March 1891 to recuperate. Richard Gilmour died there at age 66 on April 13, 1891.Gilmour Academy in Gates Mills, Ohio, is named in honor of Gilmour.
# Richard Gilman

Richard Martin Gilman (April 30, 1923 – October 28, 2006) was an American drama and literary critic.

## Early life

On April 30, 1923, Gilman was born as Richard Martin Gilman in Brooklyn, New York, U.S. Gilman's family is Jewish.

## Education

In 1947, Gilman graduated with a B.A. from the University of Wisconsin.

## Career

Gilman enlisted into the U.S. Marine Corps in 1941 and was stationed in the Pacific during World War II. After his service, he attended the New School for Social Research in New York.
Gilman was a freelance writer. After converting to Catholicism, he wrote for the left-leaning Catholic journal Commonweal and from 1964 to 1967, he was the drama critic for Newsweek.
In 1967, the dean of the Yale School of Drama, Robert Brustein, invited him to teach. Gilman was a professor at Yale School of Drama for 31 years. He also taught at Columbia, Princeton, Stanford, Barnard and the City University of New York.
Gilman was the author of five books of criticism, and a memoir.

## Personal life

In 1949, Gilman married painter Esther Morgenstern. In 1966, Gilman married Lynn Nesbit, a literary agent, (who would go on to co-found the literary agency Janklow & Nesbit Associates with Morton L. Janklow), In 1992, Gilman married Japanese scholar, Yasuko Shiojiri, who would translate his books into Japanese. Gilman has three children from his first two marriages: Nicholas, Priscilla, and Claire.
Gilman died of lung cancer on October 28, 2006, at the age of 83 at his home in Kusatsu, Shiga Prefecture, Japan.
He was born Jewish, converted to Catholicism as an adult, and lapsed from that faith eight years later. His memoir Faith, Sex, Mystery is primarily devoted to explaining his conversion and deconversion.
# Richard Lumley, 9th Earl of Scarbrough

Lieutenant-Colonel Richard George Lumley, 9th Earl of Scarbrough (7 May 1813 – 5 December 1884) was an Anglo-Irish peer and soldier.

## Biography

He was born at Tickhill Castle, the son and heir of Frederick Lumley-Saville (1788–1837), the only son of the fifth son of the fourth Earl of Scarbrough. His mother, Charlotte Mary (née de la Poer Beresford), was the daughter of Rev. George Beresford, grandson of Marcus Beresford, 1st Earl of Tyrone.
Educated at Eton College, he entered the army as a Cornet in the Hussars, and retired in 1837 as a Lieutenant-Colonel in the West Yorkshire Yeoman Cavalry. After retirement he entered politics as and sat in the House of Lords until he inherited the family titles in October 1856.
Lumley's predecessor, John Lumley-Savile, 8th Earl of Scarbrough, died without legitimate children. Lumley inherited the earldom of Scarbrough and barony of Lumley although he was only the first cousin once removed from the eighth earl. He also inherited the Viscountcy of Waterford in the Peerage of Ireland.
Scarbrough added considerably to the family seat of Sandbeck Park in Yorkshire, which dated to the 17th century. In 1857, he hired William Burn to remodel and improve the house. In 1869, Benjamin Ferrey built a private chapel for the earl.
In 1878 the Earl engaged the architect James Whitton to design and layout a holiday resort on his estate at Skegness.

## Family

In October 1846, he married Frederica Mary Adeliza Drummond, granddaughter of the fifth Duke of Rutland; she outlived Lumley, dying in 1907.
They had three sons and four daughters. All four of his daughters married peers:
* Lady Algitha Frederica Mary (23 November 1847 – 22 June 1919), married William Orde-Powlett, 4th Baron Bolton
* Lady Ida Frances Annabella (born 28 November 1848 – 22 August 1936), married George Bridgeman, 4th Earl of Bradford
* Lyulph Richard Grandby William, Viscount Lumley (7 June 1850 – 23 August 1868)
* Lady Lilian Selina Elizabeth (20 October 1851 – 24 December 1943) married Lawrence Dundas, 1st Marquess of Zetland
* Lady Sibell Mary (25 March 1855 – 4 February 1929); married: firstly, Victor Grosvenor, Earl Grosvenor (28 April 1853 – 22 January 1884), with whom she had Hugh Grosvenor, 2nd Duke of Westminster; secondly George Wyndham MP, Chief Secretary for Ireland
* Aldred Frederick George Beresford; later Viscount Lumley (16 November 1857 – 4 March 1945); married Cecilia Gardner
* Col. Osbert Victor George Atheling (16 November 1857 – 14 December 1923), married Constance Ellinor Wilson-Patten (1864-1933), granddaughter of John Wilson-Patten, 1st Baron Winmarleigh; father of the 11th Earl
Scarbrough died at Sandbeck Park at age 71 and was succeeded in the earldom by his eldest surviving son.
# Richard Lumley-Saunderson, 6th Earl of Scarbrough

Richard Lumley-Saunderson, 6th Earl of Scarbrough (16 April 1757 – 17 June 1832), styled The Honourable Richard Lumley-Saunderson until 1807, was a British peer and politician.

## Background

Scarbrough was a younger son of Richard Lumley-Saunderson, 4th Earl of Scarbrough, and Barbara, daughter of Sir George Savile, 7th Baronet and sister and heiress of Sir George Savile, 8th Baronet. He inherited substantial estates (Rufford Abbey and Thornhill Hall) on the death of his maternal uncle in 1784, assuming the additional surname of Savile. When he later inherited his brother's title and estates in 1807 (and gave up his previous inheritance) he replaced the Savile name with Saunderson.

## Career

He served in the British Army as a Cornet in the 10th Dragoons ( 1775), was promoted to lieutenant in 1778 and captain in the 86th Foot (1780). He retired in 1784.
He was returned as Member of Parliament for Lincoln in 1784, a seat he held until 1790. In 1807 he succeeded his elder brother in the earldom and entered the House of Lords. He was appointed High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire for 1793–94.

## Family

Lord Scarbrough died in June 1832, aged 75. He had married the Hon. Henrietta Willoughby, daughter of Henry Willoughby, 5th Baron Middleton but had no children. He was succeeded by his younger brother, Reverend John Lumley-Savile.
# Richard Luscombe

Richard Charles Luscombe was an Australian politician.
He was a master builder and insurance agent, and co-founded the Protection and Political Reform League with Ninian Melville in 1881. He was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Northumberland in 1884, but was defeated in 1885.
# Richard Clarke

Richard Clarke may refer to:

## Government and politics

* Richard Clarke (MP), Member of Parliament for Lynn in 1584
* Richard A. Clarke (born 1950), retired U.S. government official, expert in counter-terrorism, and author
* Richard Henry Clarke (1843–1906), U.S. Representative from Alabama
* Richard W. B. Clarke (1910–1975), UK civil servant

## Sports

* Richard Clarke (boxer) (born 1963), Jamaican boxer
* Richard Clarke (footballer, born 1979), Northern Irish football manager
* Richard Clarke (footballer born 1985), Northern Irish footballer with Newry City & Glentoran, see 2008–09 Irish League Cup
* Richard Clarke (rugby league) (born 1962), rugby league footballer of the 1980s and 1990s
* Richard Clarke (sailor) (born 1968), Canadian Olympic yacht racer

## Religion

* Richard Clarke (priest) (died 1634), English Anglican vicar, on the committee translating the King James version of the Bible
* J. Richard Clarke (1927-2022), leader in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
* Richard Clarke (bishop) (born 1949), Church of Ireland bishop

## Others

* Richard Clarke (actor), in films such as Notorious (1946)
* Richard Clarke (frontiersman) (1845–1930), English frontiersman and scout in the United States; inspiration for character Deadwood Dick
* Richard Clarke (merchant) (1711–1795), Boston merchant and Loyalist, father-in-law of John Singleton Copley
* Richard Clarke (radio personality) (born 1978), radio presenter on 95.8 Capital FM and The Big Top 40 Show
* Richard D. Clarke (born 1962), United States Army general
# Richard Clarke (bishop)

Richard Lionel Clarke (born 25 June 1949) is a retired Irish Anglican bishop and author. From 2012 to 2020, he served as the Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland: as such, he was the senior cleric of the Church of Ireland.

## Early life and education

Clarke was born on 25 June 1949 in Dublin, Ireland. He was educated at Drumcondra National School and at Wesley College, a fee-paying independent school in Dublin. He attended Trinity College, Dublin (M.A., Ph.D.) and King's College London (B.D.) where he studied history and theology.

## Ordained ministry

Clarke was ordained a deacon in 1975 and priest in 1976, serving as a curate in Holywood, County Down for two years from 1975–77 and again as a curate at St Bartholomew's with Christ Church, Leeson Park, Dublin from 1977–79, before serving as Dean of Residence at Trinity College, Dublin for five years. Clarke travelled thence to Bandon, County Cork, where he served as rector until 1993 when he was appointed Dean of Cork.

### Episcopal ministry

Clarke was elected and consecrated to the bishopric of Meath and Kildare in 1996.
In 2012, he was elected, in succession to Alan Harper, to be the Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland. His translation to Armagh took effect on 15 December 2012, on which date he also was enthroned at St Patrick's Cathedral.
On 2 November 2019, during his presidential address to Armagh Diocesan Synod, Clarke announced that he would retire on 2 February 2020. The Archbishop of Dublin, the Most Reverend Dr Michael Jackson, paid tribute to Clarke after the announcement, saying, "Archbishop Clarke has dedicated his life to the service of God and the church."

## Personal life

Clarke married Linda Margaret Thompson in 1975: she died in 2009. He has two children and three grandchildren, as of 2017.

## Selected works

Clarke is the author of And Is It True? (2000), The Unharmonious Blacksmith (2002), A Whisper of God (2006), and Shouldering the Lamb: Reflections on an Icon (2017).
# Riders of the Purple Sage (band)

Riders of the Purple Sage was a name used by three separate western bands in the United States. These bands also inspired the naming of a fourth band playing in a more psychedelic country style, the New Riders of the Purple Sage. The name originally came from the title of Zane Grey's very popular 1912 novel Riders of the Purple Sage.
The first "Riders of the Purple Sage" band was formed by Jack Dalton in 1932. It existed for approximately two years in the Los Angeles area.
Another "Riders of the Purple Sage" was formed in 1936 by singer and guitarist Buck Page. With Page on the East Coast and Dalton on the West Coast, and because Page was a child when the Dalton "Riders" were playing, it is uncertain if either knew of each other's band. Page's group spent three years as the staff band for radio station KDKA in Pittsburgh, performing five hour-long shows each week. In 1938 the band went to New York City and performed on radio station WOR and at various venues such as the famous nightclub called the Village Barn. They brought the name and Western three part harmony to the Country on Coast to Coast radio. Military service then interrupted their careers during World War II.
A third band known as "Riders of the Purple Sage" was organized in California, by Foy Willing, a radio DJ and singer from Texas, while Buck Page and his "Riders" were in the military. Willing's band performed in several movies during the 1940s and had a string of hit recordings. In June of 1946, the "All-Star Western Theatre" made its debut over the CBS Pacific Network starring Cottonseed Clark and Foy Willing and the Riders of the Purple Sage. Originating at KNX, the CBS flagship station based at Columbia Square in the heart of Hollywood, the series enjoyed two years of popularity - first on CBS and then, in 1948, moving to KHJ and the Mutual Radio Network. It disbanded in 1952. Page's earlier Riders of the Purple Sage is often incorrectly credited with the film appearances and recordings by Willing's band, according to Page's manager Gary Bright.
In the early 1960s, Page, who relocated to California after World War II, once again organized his "Riders of the Purple Sage" band. This band released three CDs and toured the cowboy festival circuit until c. 2003 when Page disbanded it again.
The latest incarnation of the group was first called "Foy Willing's Riders of the Purple Sage." It was formed in 2003 (with the encouragement of Willing's widow Sharon Willing) by former members of Buck Page's "Riders", and currently plays mostly in Southern California. The band is fronted by Cody Bryant (Vocals, Guitar, Banjo, Mandolin). He is joined by another past employee of Page, Mike Ley (Vocals, Guitar, Mandolin, Harmonicas), Evan Marshall (Vocals, Mandolin, Fiddle), Jimmy Harris (Vocals, Bass), and Landon McCoy (Drums)—although the personnel often change for live concerts.
# Rigsrevisionen

Rigsrevisionen is the national audit agency of the Kingdom of Denmark and an independent institution of the Folketing.
It is responsible for auditing the expenditure of Danish central government, and also public-sector bodies in which the government has an economic interest, such as hospitals and the Danish Security and Intelligence Service.
In July 2011, Rigsrevision made serious criticisms of the Royal Danish Navy's finances.
Auditing is not limited to narrow financial terms, such as investigating the stability of the banking system; it also checks that public services provide value for taxpayers' money in a more general sense. For instance, in 2011, Rigsrevisionen launched an investigation into the ability of water suppliers and the environment ministry to protect consumers from traces of herbicides in drinking water.
Rigsrevisionen was part of the Economy ministry from 1971 to 1991.
# Richeria

Richeria is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae first described as a genus in 1797. It is native to Central America, South America, and the West Indies. Richeria is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants.

## Species

* Richeria australis - São Paulo, Mato Grosso
* Richeria dressleri - Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama, Ecuador
* Richeria grandis - Panama, N South America, E West Indies
* Richeria obovata - Costa Rica to Bolivia
* Richeria tomentosa - Colombia, Ecuador

## Formerly included

moved to Podocalyx
# Rim Blow

Rim Blow was a type of steering wheel with no suspended horn ring or horn pad on the spokes that was featured on some automobiles built in the U.S. from 1969 to 1974. The inside of the rim could be depressed anywhere on its circumference to sound the horn.

## Design

The rim blow wheel was available in place of the traditional button-type or suspended ring used to activate the vehicle's horn. Some models such as the AMC AMX featured the new design as standard equipment, or it was optional such as on the compact AMC Hornet for an additional $37. A rubber pad encasing wires was mounted around the entire inner surface of the steering wheel rim. Rather than pressing a suspended horn ring, a center horn pad, or switches on the spokes, to make the electrical contact, the inside of the rim could be pressed anywhere on its circumference. Applying pressure to soft rubber inner rim of the steering wheel, a driver could activate the car's horn without moving their hands from the wheel rims.
Technical issues, such as hardening (difficult to activate) and shrinking (causing the horn to sound without activation) of the rubber, and a lack of customer acceptance led to the discontinuation of the rim blow steering wheels after only a few years.
It is possible to rebuild a vintage rim blow steering wheel.

## Dates of rim blow installation

* American Motors
    AMC - 1970–1971
* Chrysler
    Chrysler - 1970–1973
    Dodge - 1970–1974
    Plymouth - 1970–1973
* Ford
    Ford - 1969–1974
    Mercury - 1969–1974
    Lincoln - 1970–1974
* General Motors
    Cadillac - 1969
    Buick - 1969–1971
    Oldsmobile - 1969–1971
# Rim 1994

Rim 1994, also known as Rim only, is the ninth studio album from Serbian and former Yugoslav rock band YU Grupa.
The album was entitled Rim 1994 (Rim being Serbian for Rome), as it was recorded in Rome at the end of 1994. Rim 1994 is the first album recorded with the guitarist Petar Jelić, who replaced Bata Kostić. There would be a 10-year gap between Rim 1994 and YU Grupa's next studio album, 2005's Dugo znamo se.

## Track listing

* "Odlazim" (D. Jelić, B. Telatović) – 4:20
* "Oluja" (D. Jelić, I. Ristić) – 4:24
* "Dunave" (D. Jelić, Z. Stanković, V. Andrevski) – 4:18
* "Gledaj samo pravo" (D. Jelić, Z. Stanković) – 4:25
* "Ruža vetrova" (D. Jelić, Z. Stanković) - 4:14
* "Duša peva" (P. Jelić, Z. Stanković, I. Ristić) – 4:58
* "Blok" (D. Jelić, I Ristić, P. Jelić) – 3:26
* "Hoće, neće" (D. Jelić, I Ristić) – 3:54
* "Rock 'n' Roll" (D. Jelić, I Ristić, P. Jelić) – 4:08
* "Reka" (D. Jelić, Z. Stanković, P. Jelić) – 4:28
* "Buđenje" (P. Jelić) – 4:42

## Personnel

* Dragi Jelić - guitar, vocals
* Žika Jelić - bass guitar
* Petar Jelić - guitar
* Ratislav Đelmaš - drums

### Guest musicians

* Mario Zannini Quirini - keyboards
# Rio das Mortes (film)

Rio das Mortes is a 1971 color film written and directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder. One of the early Fassbinder films, it stars Hanna Schygulla as Hanna, Michael König [de] as Michael/Mike and Günther Kaufmann as Gunther.

## Plot summary

Mike and Gunther lead a boring life in Munich. Hanna, Mike's girl friend, wants to get married but he is not interested. The two friends get hold of a treasure map of the Rio das Mortes area and decide to set out to find it in Peru. They are looking for freedom and adventure. Against Hanna's opposition, the car is sold, and the two men try to raise money. Their ignorance and clumsiness seems to lead to failure, but eventually, by luck, they find a sponsor. In the final scene, at the Munich airport, a rejected Hanna is about to shoot them as they walk to the airplane.

## Comments

This is Fassbinder's 8th film, one that as a TV film did not receive much attention. It is listed as a comedy and gives a biting commentary about the lives of common people in urban West Germany at that time. Fassbinder gives credit to Volker Schlöndorff for the idea of the plot. The film has been criticized for sloppiness and poor character development while the acting is commended. In a memorable scene Schygylla dances with Fassbinder who plays an unidentified stranger.
The ignorance of the two adventurers is underlined by the fact that there are two Rio Das Mortes', both in Brazil, not in Peru: there is a Rio das Mortes in Mato Grosso and a Rio das Mortes in Minas Gerais. Further, they try to find Mayan treasure in South America.
The film was filmed for TV on 16 mm and later released on DVD.
# Rineloricaria jubata

Rineloricaria jubata is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Mira River and the Esmeraldas River in Ecuador. The species reaches 21 cm (8.3 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
# Rineloricaria konopickyi

Rineloricaria konopickyi is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America and occurs in the Amazon River basin in Brazil. The species reaches 9.6 cm (3.8 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
# Rineloricaria platyura

Rineloricaria platyura is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in coastal rivers from the mouth of the Amazon River to the Essequibo River in French Guiana, Guyana, and Brazil. The species reaches 14 cm (5.5 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Rineloricaria platyura sometimes appears in the aquarium trade, where it is frequently referred to as the pearlscale whiptail or the Amazonia whiptail.
# Rineloricaria phoxocephala

Rineloricaria phoxocephala is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Amazon River basin in Brazil. The species reaches 15 cm (5.9 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
# Rineloricaria reisi

Rineloricaria reisi is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Uruguay River basin, specifically the Piratini River and the Conceição River in Brazil, as well as Misiones Province in Argentina. The species reaches 19.8 cm (7.8 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
# Rineloricaria sneiderni

Rineloricaria sneiderni is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in high-altitude brooks in the Jurubidá River basin in Colombia, with its type locality being listed as near Nuquí. The species reaches 18 cm (7.1 inches) in length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
# Rissopsetia hummelincki

Rissopsetia hummelincki is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the following locations:
* Aruba
* Bonaire
* Caribbean Sea
* Cayman Islands
* Cuba
* Curaçao
* Gulf of Mexico
* Venezuela