OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tighvi municipality

Tighvi Municipality, officially LEPL Tighvi Municipality (s/n 240892986) is a temporary administrative-territorial unit in Georgia occupied by Russia, for which the municipal authorities function in Tbilisi. The municipality was formed in 2006, comprising 1 town and 24 villages and divided into 6 administrative units (Akhalshen, Tighva, Okona, Lopan, Avnevi, Nuli). The center of the municipality is the village of Avnevi.

## Local self-government

* Administrative unit Akhalshen - Akhalshen, Borsiaani, Tereghvani, Nedlati, Khundisubani.
* Administrative unit Tighva - village, Alibari, Znauri, Tighva, Nabakevi, Shindara.
* Administrative unit Okona - Zemo Okona, Mughrisi, Sunisi, Tkyisubani, Kvemo Okona.
* Administrative unit Lopan - Balta, Giorgitsminda, Lopan, Patkineti, Kaleti, Tsnelisi.
* Administrative unit Avnevi - Avnevi, Dzvileti.
* Administrative unit Nuli - Arkneti, Nuli.
# Raisting

Raisting is a municipality in the Weilheim-Schongau district, in Bavaria, Germany.

## Sport

The towns association football club SV Raisting, formed in 1924, experienced its greatest success in 2013 when it won promotion to the southern division of the Bayernliga for the first time.

## Science

The town is home to Germany's first satellite ground station, Raisting Earth Station.

## Transport

The town has a railway station, Raisting, on the Mering–Weilheim line.
# Stephen Keeling

Stephen Keeling is a British composer and musician who works predominantly in musical theatre.

## Biographical details

Born in 1966 in Staffordshire, England, he trained at Goldsmiths College, University of London, gaining an honours degree in music. In 1990 he was chosen by Sir Cameron Mackintosh to be one of 12 writers to study with Stephen Sondheim during the latter's year-long tenure at Oxford University as the Visiting Professor of Contemporary Theatre.

## Notable works

During his time with Stephen Sondheim at Oxford, he composed the music for Maddie (book and lyrics by Shaun McKenna and Steven Dexter), which was subsequently workshopped at the Royal National Theatre Studio before receiving its first full production at the Salisbury Playhouse. The production then transferred to the Lyric Theatre, Shaftesbury Avenue in London's West End in 1997, produced by Kenny Wax Productions. In 2023, Maddie was performed in New York, winning Best Score at the New York Theater Festival awards.
He was the co-composer, along with Laurence O'Keefe, for La Cava (book by Dana Broccoli, lyrics by John Claflin), which transferred from the Churchill Theatre, Bromley to the Victoria Palace Theatre, London in 2000 and then later transferred to the Piccadilly Theatre in the West End of London.
He composed the music for a musical adaptation of Heidi (book and lyrics by Shaun McKenna), which combines the story of Johanna Spyri’s first Heidi novel with the life of the author. Heidi opened in Switzerland in 2005.
In 2007 a sequel, Heidi and Johanna (intertwining the second Heidi novel with the final years of Johanna Spyri’s life and ending with her death), was nominated for a Prix Walo award.
Stephen Keeling has also composed the music for My Father’s Son, a musical set in nineteenth century Sheffield and based loosely on Shakespeare's Hamlet (book and lyrics by Stephen Clark, directed by Steven Dexter at the Crucible Theatre, Sheffield and the Lilian Baylis Theatre, Sadler’s Wells). For children he has composed The Last Wave, a musical about the Children's Crusade (book and lyrics by Peter Spafford) and written the music for a musical adaptation of The Amazing Mr. Blunden (book and lyrics by Edward Hardy).
He wrote the music for a sequel to Peter Pan, called The Return of Peter Pan (book and lyrics by Shaun McKenna), which premiered at the Theater Regensburg, Germany, in November 2023.

## Other

Keeling was a founding member of the Mercury Workshop, which merged with the New Musicals Alliance to become MMD, a UK-based organisation developing new musical theatre.
In 1997, he appeared, together with Shaun McKenna, on BBC Radio 2's In Company With Sondheim in an edition devoted to Maddie.
# King Mu

King Mu may refer to these monarchs:
* King Mu of Zhou (died 922 BC)
* King Mu of Chu (died 614 BC)
* Mu of Baekje (580–641), king of Baekje
# Hiram Wakefield

Hiram Wakefield (7 May 1837 – 25 June 1905) was a member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.

## Biography

Wakefield was born in Bristol, England, the son of James Wakefield and his wife Hannah (née Sanigar). He was educated in Bristol and after arriving in Australia in 1855 was running a successful iron importing and plumbing business in Brisbane by 1857. In 1877 he invested 2,000 pounds into the Townsville ice works.
On 29 March 1861 Wakefield married Margaret Birch (died 1898) and together had three sons and four daughters. He died in June 1905 and his funeral proceeded from the New Farm residence of his daughter to the Toowong Cemetery.

## Public career

Wakefield began his political life as an alderman on the Sandgate Town Council in 1881 becoming the town's mayor in 1887, a role in which he served for two years.
In 1885, the member for Moreton in the Queensland Legislative Assembly, Thomas Macdonald-Paterson resigned after being appointed to the Queensland Legislative Council. At the ensuing by-election, Wakefield easily defeated George Raff to become the new member. He did not stand for re-election at the 1888 Queensland colonial election.
# Silanus

Silanus may refer to:
* Silanus, Sardinia, a town in Sardinia
* Silanus of Ambracia (fl. 5th century BC), Greek soothsayer
* Gaius Julius Silanus, Roman senator
* Junius Silanus (disambiguation), Romans
# List of quadrangles on the Moon

The Moon has been divided into 30 quadrangles by the United States Geological Survey at the 1:2,500,000 map scale. At the 1:1,000,000 scale it's divided into 144 quadrangles.
The quadrangles are numbered in bands from north to south. Each band is then divided into a latitude-dependent number of quadrangles. At the poles, the bands consist of a single quadrangle, so LQ01 is a circle around the north pole.
Quadrangles at the 1:2,500,000 scale :
| Name | Number | Latitude | Longitude |
| | LQ01 | 65° to 90° | −180° to 180° |
| | LQ02 | 30° to 65° | −180° to −120° |
| | LQ03 | 30° to 65° | −120° to −60° |
| | LQ04 | 30° to 65° | −60° to 0° |
| | LQ05 | 30° to 65° | 0° to 60° |
| | LQ06 | 30° to 65° | 60° to 120° |
| | LQ07 | 30° to 65° | 120° to 180° |
| | LQ08 | 0° to 30° | −180° to −135° |
| | LQ09 | 0° to 30° | −135° to −90° |
| Marius | LQ10 | 0° to 30° | −90° to −45° |
| Copernicus | LQ11 | 0° to 30° | −45° to 0° |
| | LQ12 | 0° to 30° | 0° to 45° |
| | LQ13 | 0° to 30° | 45° to 90° |
| | LQ14 | 0° to 30° | 90° to 135° |
| | LQ15 | 0° to 30° | 135° to 180° |
| | LQ16 | −30° to 0° | −180° to −135° |
| | LQ17 | −30° to 0° | −135° to −90° |
| Grimaldi | LQ18 | −30° to 0° | −90° to −45° |
| Mare Nubium | LQ19 | −30° to 0° | −45° to 0° |
| | LQ20 | −30° to 0° | 0° to 45° |
| | LQ21 | −30° to 0° | 45° to 90° |
| | LQ22 | −30° to 0° | 90° to 135° |
| | LQ23 | −30° to 0° | 135° to 180° |
| | LQ24 | −65° to −30° | −180° to −120° |
| | LQ25 | −65° to −30° | −120° to −60° |
| | LQ26 | −65° to −30° | −60° to 0° |
| | LQ27 | −65° to −30° | 0° to 60° |
| | LQ28 | −65° to −30° | 60° to 120° |
| Planck | LQ29 | −65° to −30° | 120° to 180° |
| Lunar South Pole | LQ30 | −90° to −65° | −180° to 180° |
| Farside | Farside | Farside | Nearside | Nearside | Nearside | Nearside | Nearside | Nearside | Farside | Farside | Farside |
| LQ01 ||||||||||||
| LQ02 | LQ02 | LQ03 | LQ03 | LQ04 | LQ04 | LQ05 | LQ05 | LQ06 | LQ06 | LQ07 | LQ07 |
| LQ08 | LQ09 | LQ09 | LQ10 | LQ10 | LQ11 | LQ12 | LQ13 | LQ13 | LQ14 | LQ14 | LQ15 |
| LQ16 | LQ17 | LQ17 | LQ18 | LQ18 | LQ19 | LQ20 | LQ21 | LQ21 | LQ22 | LQ22 | LQ23 |
| LQ24 | LQ24 | LQ25 | LQ25 | LQ26 | LQ26 | LQ27 | LQ27 | LQ28 | LQ28 | LQ29 | LQ29 |
| LQ30 ||||||||||||
At the 1:1,000,000 scale, there are 12 latitude bands, 6 in each hemisphere. The bands nearest the equator are 16° high, and the first and last bands are 10° radius circles around the poles. The bands are then divided into quadrangles, but unlike the 1:2,500,000 system, the seam is placed at +10° longitude (so 0° longitude is in the middle of a quadrangle), and the numbering within a band starts between −80° and −90°:
* (±90° to ±80°) 1 quadrangle of 360°, beginning at −80°
* (±80° to ±64°) 8 quadrangles of 45°, beginning at −80°
* (±64° to ±48°) 12 quadrangles of 30°, beginning at −80°
* (±48° to ±32°) 15 quadrangles of 24°, beginning at −86°
* (±32° to ±16°) 18 quadrangles of 20°, beginning at −90°
* (±16° to 0°) 18 quadrangles of 20°, beginning at −90°
# Megachile albocincta

Megachile albocincta is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Radoszkowski in 1874.
# The Inevitable (book)

The Inevitable is a 2016 nonfiction book by Kevin Kelly that forecasts the twelve technological forces that will shape the next thirty years.

## Summary

According to Kelly, much of what will happen in the next thirty years is inevitable. The future will bring with it even more screens, tracking, and lack of privacy. In the book he outlines twelve trends that will forever change the ways in which we work, learn and communicate: The chapters are organized by these forces.
* Becoming: Moving from fixed products to always upgrading services and subscriptions
* Cognifying: Making everything much smarter using cheap powerful AI that we get from the cloud
* Flowing: Depending on unstoppable streams in real time for everything
* Screening: Turning all surfaces into screens
* Accessing: Shifting society from one where we own assets to one where instead we will have access to services at all times
* Sharing: Collaboration at mass scale. Kelly writes, "On my imaginary Sharing Meter Index we are still at 2 out of 10."
* Filtering: Harnessing intense personalization in order to anticipate our desires
* Remixing: Unbundling existing products into their most primitive parts and then recombining in all possible ways
* Interacting: Immersing ourselves inside our computers to maximize their engagement
* Tracking: Employing total surveillance for the benefit of citizens and consumers
* Questioning: Promoting good questions is far more valuable than good answers
* Beginning: Constructing a planetary system connecting all humans and machines into a global matrix

## Critical response

Kirkus Reviews notes that "Kelly’s arguments ring true, and his enthusiasm [about the future] is contagious". Publishers Weekly also highlights that this book reflect Kelly's "optimistic and arguably idealistic view" and that he "chooses to elide discussions of the specific downsides that likely will accompany the changes he describes. Kelly's stated goal is 'to uncover the roots of digital change so that we can embrace them.' The book effectively identifies these roots, but in omitting critical discussion of them, it leaves the reader inadequately equipped to thoughtfully embrace or engage with them."
# Through the Valley of the Kwai

Through the Valley of the Kwai (also published under the titles Miracle on the River Kwai and To End All Wars) is the autobiography of the Scottish captain Ernest Gordon, and recounts the experiences of faith and hope of the men held in a Japanese prisoner of war labour camp, building the Burma Railway during World War II.

## Dusty Miller

Dusty Miller was a British prisoner of war (POW) in Thailand conscripted to work on the Burma Railway during the last three and a half years of World War II. His life and death is attested to in Gordon's book. Miller was a gardener from Newcastle and a Methodist. Like Gordon, he was in the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, but was drafted into the Military Police or "Red Caps". He became known to Ernest Gordon during a period early on in their three-and-a-half-year incarceration under the Japanese. Gordon was seriously ill, and was attended to by Miller and "Dinty" Moore, a Roman Catholic POW. In their care, Gordon unexpectedly recovered. Through the examples of Miller and Moore, the recovery of Gordon, and the self-sacrificing examples of numerous others, both faith and hope were restored to many soldiers in the death camps.

### Death

At the war's end, Gordon was the sole survivor of the three. Upon liberation, he sought news of his friends. He found that Miller had been martyred two weeks before the war's end, crucified by a Japanese guard because of his faith.
Near the end of the war, Dinty Moore was being transferred on a Japanese vessel that should have had Red Cross markings because it was a POW ship, not a warship. An Allied submarine sank it, not knowing that it was a POW ship.

## In popular culture

The book was also adapted into a film in 2001 under the title To End All Wars.
# Rosa 'Wife of Bath'

Rosa 'Wife of Bath' (aka AUSbath), is a pink shrub rose cultivar developed by David C.H. Austin in England in 1969. It was one of his early cultivars and is named after a character from Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales. 'Rosarium Glücksburg' is a rose garden in the park of Schloss Glücksburg in Glücksburg, Germany.

## History
### David Austin roses

David C. H. Austin (1926 – 2018) was an award-winning rose breeder, nursery owner and writer from Shropshire, England. He began breeding roses in the 1950s with the goal of creating new shrub rose varieties that would possess the best qualities of old-fashioned roses while incorporating the long flowering characteristics of hybrid tea roses and floribundas. His first commercially successful rose cultivar was 'Constance Spry', which he introduced in 1961. He created a new, informal class of roses in the 1960s, which he named "English Roses". Austin's roses are generally known today as "David Austin Roses". Austin attained international commercial success with his new rose varieties. Some of his most popular roses include 'Wife of Bath' (1969), 'Canterbury' (1969), and 'Abraham Darby' (1985)

### 'Wife of Bath'

'Wife of Bath' and 'Canterbury', the second cultivar Austin named in honour of the English author Geoffrey Chaucer in 1969, were the first repeat flowering varieties in his English Rose Collection. The rose cultivar was created from Joseph Pernet-Ducher's pink hybrid tea 'Madame Caroline Testout' (introduced in 1890) and a cross between the floribunda 'Ma Perkins' (Boerner, 1952) and Austin's first English rose 'Constance Spry' (introduced in 1961). David Austin used the cultivar in the development of several new English roses, including 'Gertrude Jekyll' (1986), 'Pretty Jessica' (1983) and 'Scepter'd Isle' (1989).

## Description

'Wife of Bath' has old-fashioned medium-sized flowers with an average diameter of 7 centimetres (2.8 in), and up to 55 petals. They develop from red round buds, and have a strong, sweet fragrance of myrrh. The slightly cupped bloom form is double to very full with many small, informally arranged petals in the middle of the flower. The center is deep pink, and contrasts with the paler reverse and the outer petals, that fade to very pale pink. They grow in clusters of 3–9, and appear continuously from early June throughout the summer.
The robust shrub grows densely and remains rather small, reaching only about 80 to 120 centimeters (2.5 to 4 ft) height at a width of 60 to 90 centimeters (2 to 3 ft).The arching shoots bear small, matte, medium green leaves. 'Wife of Bath' is disease resistant and winter hardy down to −23 °C (USDA zone 6 and warmer), and half shade tolerant. The variety is grown on its own roots and can be planted solitary, in groups, or as hedges, but is also suitable as container plant and as cut flower. Due to its size and floriferousness, the cultivar is well suited for small gardens.
# Kistamási

Kistamási is a village in Baranya county, Hungary.
* This Baranya County–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Himantoglossum hircinum

Himantoglossum hircinum, the lizard orchid, is a species of orchid in the genus Himantoglossum found in Europe and North Africa.

## Description

Himantoglossum hircinum is a perennial herbaceous plant, reaching a height of 115 centimetres (45 in). It persists in the soil as a pair of ovoid/subglobose tubers, with short roots. Its leaves are 5–20 cm long, with basal leaves larger than aerial leaves and the plant is glabrous. Flowers are green-white with a long twisting/coiled labellum which may be tinged with a variety of colours; white, green, purple or brown. Flowers strongly smell of male goats.
A similar looking species called Himantoglossum adriaticum is found in Eastern Europe.

## Habitat and distribution

This orchid grows in dry meadows, rocky areas, and open woods. It tends to grow on south-facing grassy slopes, among Bromus and Brachypodium grasses. In France it is often found on roadsides. In the United Kingdom it grows to a maximum altitude of 850m.
This species is found across Europe, from Spain eastwards to the Balkans and in western North Africa. It is usually rare but can sometimes be found in great numbers in suitable habitats. Examples of sites for this species include among sand dunes at Sandwich Bay in the United Kingdom, Massif Central in France and the Mugello Valley in Italy.

## Ecology

Himantoglossum hircinum is a food-deceptive orchid species, meaning the flowers generally provide no nectar to their pollinators. The Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland states however that some plants have been found to provide nectar to pollinators, and that it remains unclear which species are the principal pollinators of the lizard orchid, although they suggest Andrena bees.
It has been suggested that H. hircinum is a mycorrhizal generalist, though some have questioned this, due to the species' limited distribution, and the issue remains unresolved.

## Chemistry

Orchinol, loroglossol and hircinol are phenanthrenoids that can be isolated from infected Loroglossum hircinum.

## Conservation

This is a rare species with protected status in the United Kingdom and Germany and possibly other countries.

## Etymology

The 'lizard' in the plant's English common-name refers to the shape and colour of the flowers. The Latin genus Himantoglossum means 'strap-tongue', after the shape of the flower labellum and the species epithet 'hircinum' means 'of goats', after the smell the flowers produce. In German the plant is known as 'Bocks Riemenzunge', which translates as 'buck's (i.e. goat's) strap-tongue'. The French name 'l'orchis bouc' means 'buck (i.e. goat) orchid'.
# Silano

Silano is a surname of Italian origin. Notable persons with that surname include:
* Lena Silano (born 2000), American professional soccer player
* Rocco Silano (born 1960), American magician, author, and lecturer
# List of ship commissionings in 1987

The list of ship commissionings in 1987 includes a chronological list of all ships commissioned in 1987.
| | Operator | Ship | Class and type | Pennant | Other notes |
| 20 February | Royal Netherlands Navy | Hellevoetsluis | Alkmaar-class minehunter | M859 | |
| April | People's Liberation Army Navy | Guilin | Type 051 destroyer | 164 | date of initial operational capability |
| 7 May | Royal Netherlands Navy | Zierikzee | Alkmaar-class minehunter | M862 | |
| 12 August | Chilean Navy | Blanco Encalada | County-class destroyer | D15 | Purchase date from the Royal Navy for former HMS Fife |
# Megachile bituberculata

Megachile bituberculata is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Smith in 1879, and renamed by Ritsema in 1880; it occurs in Sub-Saharan Africa.
# The Ladies in the Green Hats

The Ladies in the Green Hats may refer to:
* The Ladies in the Green Hats (1929 film), a French silent comedy film
* The Ladies in the Green Hats (1937 film), a French comedy drama film
* The Ladies in the Green Hats (1949 film), a French comedy film
# Three Saints

The Three Saints are the Three Holy Hierarchs of Eastern Christianity.
Three Saints may also refer to:
* Three Saints (peaks), mountain group in California
* Three Saints Bay, Alaska, an inlet in Kodiak Island, Alaska
* Three Saints Church (Shaki), a church building in Shaki, Azerbaijan
* Llantrisant ("Parish of the Three Saints"), a town in Wales
* Sam Sing Kung Temple, also known as the Three Saints Temple, a Chinese temple in Sabah, Malaysia
# Rajgir–Danapur MEMU

Rajgir–Danapur MEMU (formerly 53229/53230 Rajgir–Danapur Passenger, ) is a Mainline Electric Multiple Unit (MEMU) train of the Indian Railways connecting Rajgir in Bihar and Danapur in Bihar. It is currently being operated with 63339/63340 train numbers on daily basis.

## Service

It averages 24 km/h as 53229 Rajgir–Danapur Passenger and covers 109 km in 4 hrs 35 mins and 24 km/h as 53230 Danapur–Rajgir Passenger and covers 109 km in 4 hrs 30 mins.

## Route and halts

* Rajgir
* Nalanda
* Pawapuri Road Halt
* Bihar Sharif Junction
* Wena
* Harnaut
* Bakhtiyarpur Junction
* Karauta
* Khusropur
* Fatuha Junction
* Banka Ghat
* Patna Sahib
* Gulzarbagh
* Rajendra Nagar Terminal
* Patna Junction
* Sachiwalay Halt
* Phulwari Sharif
* Danapur

## Traction

Both trains are hauled by a Diesel Loco Shed, Mughalsarai-based WDM-3A diesel locomotive.
# Madeline H. Caviness

Madeline Harrison Caviness, FMAoA, FSA (born 1938) is a British-American scholar of European medieval art, and an expert on glass painting and medieval women as viewers of art. She is a Professor Emeritus at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts.

## Education

Caviness attended Cambridge University, earning a bachelor's degree in 1959 and a master's degree in 1963. She earned her Ph.D. in fine arts from Harvard University in 1970.

## Career

Caviness is a Professor Emeritus at Tufts University. She is considered an expert on European medieval stained glass. She has participated in efforts to find and catalog stained glass works that were collected by Americans. Some of the earliest pieces she has discovered in the United States date back to the 12th century.
Caviness was president of Corpus Vitrearum, an international scholarly organization dedicated to the study of medieval stained glass, from 1987 to 1995. She served as president of the Medieval Academy of America from 1993 to 1994.
Caviness's contributions to the study of medieval art were celebrated in the collection The Four Modes of Seeing: Approaches to Medieval Imagery in Honor of Madeline Harrison Caviness, edited by Evelyn Staudinger Lane, Elizabeth Carson Pastan, and Ellen Shortell, and published by Ashgate in 2009.
Caviness's 1980s academic inference that 4 stained glass panels in Canterbury Cathedral predated others and a destructive fire was confirmed by technology in 2021.

## Selected works
### Books

* The Early Stained Glass of Canterbury Cathedral, ca. 1175-1220 (1997), Princeton University Press. (Brown Prize)
* The Windows of Christ Church Cathedral, Canterbury (Corpus Vitrearum Medii Aevii, Great Britain II) (1981), Oxford University Press.
* Sumptuous Arts at the Royal Abbeys in Reims and Braine, Ornatus elegantiae, varietate stupendes (1990), Princeton University Press.
* Visualizing Women in the Middle Ages: Sight, Spectacle, and the Scopic Economy (2001), University of Pennsylvania Press.

### Articles

* (As Madeleine Harrison) "A Life of St. Edward the Confessor in early fourteenth-century stained glass at Fécamp in Normandy," Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, XXVI (1963) 22-37
* "A Lost Cycle of Canterbury Paintings of 1220," The Antiquaries Journal, LIV (1974). 60-74.
* "Gender Symbolism and Text Image Relationships: Hildegard of Bingen's Scivias" in Jeanette Beer, ed., Translation Theory and Practice in the Middle Ages, Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, 1997, pp. 71–111.

### Photography and Digital scholarship

Caviness has contributed over 1400 images of stained glass to the Artstor Digital Library.
Caviness has contributed photographs to the Conway Library at the Courtauld Institute of Art.

## Awards and honors

Caviness was appointed Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She is an elected member of the Society of Antiquaries in London (1980) and a Fellow of the Medieval Academy of America. Caviness has been the recipient of the John Nicholas Brown Prize and the Haskins Medal of the Medieval Academy of America.