OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nephromyces

Nephromyces is a genus of apicomplexans that are symbionts of the ascidian genus Molgula (sea grapes).

## Systematics

Nephromyces was first described in 1888 by Alfred Mathieu Giard as a chytrid fungus, because of its filamentous cells. He formally named three species, each corresponding to a different species of the host animal. Molecular phylogenetics later showed that Nephromyces are not actually fungi, but instead constitute a group within the Apicomplexa that is related to the Piroplasmida.

### Species of Nephromyces

* Nephromyces molgularum Giard, 1888
* Nephromyces rosocovitanus Giard, 1888
* Nephromyces sorokini Giard, 1888

## Description

Nephromyces is found in the lumen of the renal sac of its host animals. The renal sac is a closed, fluid-filled structure that is derived from the epicardium during development. There are different cell types (at least seven in Nephromyces from Molgula manhattensis) which appear to be different life cycle stages, as the different types appear in a consistent sequence after initial infection of the host animal. However, in a mature infection, different stages simultaneously co-occur in the same host individual. They include filaments (trophic stages), spores, motile but non-flagellated cells, and biflagellated swarmer cells. The non-flagellated motile cells resemble the sporozoites of other apicomplexans, while the spores contain structures that resemble the rhoptries of the apical complex, another typical apicomplexan feature.

## Symbiosis

Nephromyces is specific to the family Molgulidae, and has been found in species of Molgula and at least one other molgulid genus, Bostrichobranchus (B. pilularis). Every wild-collected adult Molgula animal examined has been found to contain Nephromyces, suggesting that it is a beneficial symbiont rather than a parasite; this makes Nephromyces an exception among apicomplexans, which are usually parasitic on their animal hosts. However, animals without Nephromyces can be obtained by spawning and raising them in filtered seawater. These symbiont-free animals have been used to study the Nephromyces life cycle. Nephromyces is released into surrounding seawater when its host dies, and cells of Nephromyces can remain alive and infective for at least 29 days outside of a host.
The renal sac organ where Nephromyces lives contains high concentrations of urate, a nitrogenous waste product. Activity of urate oxidase, an enzyme that breaks down urate, has been found in Nephromyces cells, hence they may be using the waste products from their host animal as a nitrogen source for themselves.
Intracellular bacteria have been found within cells of Nephromyces from Molgula manhattensis and M. occidentalis, making this a symbiosis within a symbiosis.
# The Double Jinx Mystery

The Double Jinx Mystery is the fiftieth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1973 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.

## Plot summary

This volume details the story of a family zoo and aviary, believed to have been jinxed by people out to take their land for high rise development. Nancy Drew and her friends must get to the bottom of the mystery, before they are jinxed themselves.
# The Dashing Archduke

The Dashing Archduke (German:Der fesche Erzherzog) is a 1927 Austrian-German silent film directed by Robert Land. The film's art direction was by Carl Ludwig Kirmse.

## Cast

* Liane Haid
* Ellen Kürti
* Oskar Marion
* Albert Paulig
* Hans Mierendorff
* Fritz Spira
* Ernst Winar
# The Edge of Forever

The Edge of Forever may refer to:
* "The Edge of Forever" (The Dream Academy song), a song by The Dream Academy
* "The Edge of Forever", a song by the band Symphony X from their album The Damnation Game
* "The Edge of Forever", a song by Richard Marx in the album Days in Avalon
* Live on the Edge of Forever, the first live album by the band Symphony X
* "The City on the Edge of Forever", a Star Trek episode written by Harlan Ellison
* "The Edge of Forever", an episode of Cosmos: A Personal Voyage
# The Edge of Christmas

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
The Edge of Christmas is a compilation album released in 1995 by Oglio Records. It features Christmas songs with a general new wave/rock theme.

## Track listing

* "Thank God It's Christmas" - Queen
* "Please Come Home for Christmas" - Pat Benatar
* "2000 Miles" - The Pretenders
* "December Will Be Magic Again" - Kate Bush
* "Peace on Earth/Little Drummer Boy" - David Bowie and Bing Crosby
* "Winter Wonderland" - Cocteau Twins
* "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" - The Smithereens
* "Run Run Rudolph" - Dave Edmunds
* "Christmas is Coming" - The Payolas
* "Fairytale of New York" - The Pogues
* "Merry Christmas (I Don't Want to Fight)" - The Ramones
* "Christmas Wrapping" - The Waitresses
# Neurothemis terminata

Neurothemis terminata is a species of dragonfly in family Libellulidae. Neurothemis terminata is a widespread and often common species which can occur in man-made habitats, from Peninsular Malaysia, the Philippines and Japan to the Lesser Sundas in Indonesia.
Male N. terminata have red colour on its body and wings, while the female have yellowish colour. The adult has 8-11 cm body length.
# Jana ampla

Jana ampla is a moth in the family Eupterotidae. It was described by Lucien A. Berger in 1980. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
# Pennsylvania Film Production Tax Credit

The Pennsylvania Film Production Tax Credit is a tax credit program supporting the production of feature films and television programs in Pennsylvania. The tax credit was signed into law by Gov. Ed Rendell in July 2004.
The tax credit for qualifying productions equals a 25% reduction in Personal Income Tax, Corporate Net Income, Capital Stock/Foreign Franchise Tax. However, because most productions filming in Pennsylvania do not incur a tax liability in the state, the credits are fully transferable, which means they can be sold to a company or individual in the state who does have a tax liability. In order to qualify for the tax credit, the production must incur 60% of its total production expenses within Pennsylvania. The credit also applies to individual television shows that are 15 minutes or longer and intended for a national audience.
Watchdogs, including the Pennsylvania Common Cause criticized lobbyist Leslie McCombs for failing to properly register as a lobbyist for Lions Gate Entertainment while lobbying on behalf of the tax credit.
A 2009 report from the Legislative Budget and Finance Committee in the Pennsylvania General Assembly found that the tax credit supported 4,000 jobs and produced $4.5 million between 2007 and 2008.
During the 2009 Pennsylvania budget impasse, the tax credit was in danger of being repealed. Instead, its total amount was reduced from $75 million to $42 million, with that number increasing to $60 million the next year. The tax credit was expanded again during the state budget negotiations in summer 2016. $65 million will be available for fiscal year 2017-18.
The tax credit brought the production of Zack and Miri Make a Porno, The Road, Shelter, Shannon's Rainbow, Sorority Row, and She's Out of My League to the Pittsburgh region in 2008 and 2009. The majority of filming for I Am Number Four also took place in the greater Pittsburgh area in 2010 due to the tax credit.
# Yorkella

Yorkella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.
# Pedro Villagrán

Pedro Villagrán (23 June 1946 – 11 February 2022) was a Spanish politician who served as a PSOE Senator for Málaga province between 2004 and 2013. Born in Jerez de la Frontera Spain, he died on 11 February 2022, at the age of 75.
# Vempadu

Vempadu is a village in Nakkapalle mandal in Anakapalli district of Andhra Pradesh state in the southern part of India. Vempadu is located 5 miles south of Nakkapalle on the trunk road.
# Marc Carbonneau

Marc Carbonneau (born 29 May 1933) was a member of the Liberation Cell of the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ).
Carbonneau, a taxi driver by profession, was active in left-wing groups in the 1950s and joined the FLQ 15 years later. On 7 October 1969, he participated in protests organized by the Movement de libération du Québec against the Murray-Hill monopoly, which would later be known as the Murray-Hill riot. During the October Crisis of 1970, he was part of the Liberation Cell of the Front de libération du Québec that kidnapped British Trade Commissioner James Cross. For this, he appeared on Canada's most wanted list on 11 November 1970. In exchange for Cross' release, Carbonneau and the other members of the group were flown into voluntary exile in Cuba. After more than 10 years living in Cuba and later France, he returned to Quebec on 25 May 1981.
Carbonneau was charged with four counts related to kidnapping. He first pleaded not guilty, then changed his plea to guilty a few months later. He was sentenced to 20 months in prison and 150 hours of community service, a lighter penalty than that of three other FLQ kidnappers who returned before he did. The sentencing judge outlined mitigating factors: Carbonneau's guilty plea, his renunciation of past actions, his progress in social reintegration, his lack of commitment to the FLQ's ideology, and his age.
In February 1956 at the age of 18, he married Huguette Carbonneau. They have four children.
# Vladeta

Vladeta (Serbian Cyrillic: Владета) is a Serbian masculine given name, derived from the Slavic element vlad meaning "to rule, ruler" and the suffix -eta. It is attested in Serbian society since the Middle Ages. The patronymic surname Vladetić (Владетић) is derived from the name. It may refer to:
* Vladeta Janković (born 1940), Serbian philologist and politician
* Vladeta Jerotić (born 1924), Serbian psychiatrist and Jungian psychologist
* Vladeta Kandić [sr] "Bata Kanda" (born 1938), Serbian musician
* Vladeta Đurić [sr] (1905–1976), Yugoslav footballer, SK Jugoslavija
* Vladeta Milićević [sr] (1898–1969), Yugoslav intelligence agent, Interpol representative, and diplomat
* Vladeta Popović Pinecki [sr] (1911–1941), Yugoslav Spanish fighter
* Vladeta Vlahović [sr] (born 1940), Serbian folklorist
* Vladeta Vuković [sr] (1928–2003), Serbian poet
# Virginio Vairo

Virginio Vairo is an Italian automobile designer who has collaborated with Carrozzeria Vignale.

## Designs

* 1964 Fiat 1300 and 1500 Sportiva fastback.
* 1964 Fiat 850 Coupé, Spider, Berlina (derived from Giovanni Michelotti designs).
* 1965 Fiat 1500 Coupé (derived from Giovanni Michelotti designs).
* 1965 Maserati Mexico prototype, based on a Maserati 5000 GT chassis.
* 1966 Maserati Mexico
* 1967 Fiat 125 Coupé Samantha
* 1967 Fiat 124 Coupé Eveline
* 1967 Jensen Nova concept car
* 1968 Matra M530 Sport Vignale prototype
* 1968 Maserati Indy
* Maserati Mexico
* Fiat Vignale Samantha
* Matra M530 Sport Vignale
* Maserati Indy
# Viserion

Viserion may refer to:
* Viserion (Game of Thrones), one of the three dragons hatched by Daenerys Targaryen in the Game of Thrones franchise
* Viserion, one of the three dragons hatched by Daenerys Targaryen in the A Song of Ice and Fire books by George R. R. Martin
* Pseudocalotes viserion, Viserion’s false garden lizard, a species of agamid lizard, found in Malaysia
* Cryodrakon viserion, a name originally considered by Michael Habib for Cryodrakon boreas
# Visellia gens

The gens Visellia was a family at ancient Rome during the late Republic and early Empire. Two members of this gens achieved the consulship during the first century.

## Praenomina

The only praenomina associated with the Visellii appearing in history are Gaius and Lucius. Marcus, Publius, Quintus, and Titus appear in inscriptions.

## Branches and cognomina

The surnames associated with the Visellii are Varro and Aculeo. The former was a hereditary cognomen of the family, while the latter appears to have been a personal surname. Varro originally designated a fool, or one given to foolishness, while Aculeo seems to be derived from the adjective aculeus, meaning "sharp, pointy, prickly," or "thorny," presumably a commentary on the acuteness of its bearer's mind, bestowed in contradiction to the family's hereditary surname.

## Members

* Gaius Visellius Varro Aculeo, an eques, distinguished for the sharpness of his mind, and his knowledge of the law. He married Cicero's aunt, Helvia.
* Gaius Visellius C. f. Varro, Cicero's cousin, was a military tribune in Asia circa 79 BC. When Cicero was exiled, Varro sought the assistance of one of the tribunes of the plebs to have his cousin recalled. Varro was curule aedile, but died before he could achieve higher office.
* Gaius Visellius C. f. C. n. Varro, consul suffectus from the Kalends of July in AD 12. He is probably the same Visellius Varro who served as legate in Germania Inferior in AD 21.
* Lucius Visellius C. f. C. n. Varro, consul in AD 24, at the request of Sejanus, accused Gaius Silius; but he pretended that he was motivated by the spirit of retribution against his father's rival.
# Vladimir Grozdanović

Vladimir Grozdanović (born 17 October 1937) is a Yugoslav former sports shooter. He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Vista, Minnesota

Vista is an unincorporated community in Otisco Township, Waseca County, Minnesota, United States.
# Vista-United Telecommunications

Vista-United Telecommunications was the telecommunications company created to service all Disney resorts in Florida and Disney-planned communities such as Celebration, Florida and the Disney Vacation Clubs in Hilton Head Island, South Carolina and Vero Beach, Florida.
The company was created to manage the new telephone and data communications for Walt Disney World. Vista-United was the first company to use underground cabling, the first to use fiber optic cable to provide service to customers, and the first company in Florida to activate 9-1-1 emergency dialing.
Vista-United was, in fact, an independent telephone company for Walt Disney World, however the company was created through a partnership between Vista Communications, Inc., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company and United Telephone Company of Florida, which later became a part of Sprint.
In 2001, telephone company Smart City Telecom purchased Vista-United, and created an agreement with Disney to ensure telecommunications service for the resort over a long period of time.
# Vittoria, New South Wales

Vittoria is a locality in the Bathurst Region of New South Wales, Australia, between Bathurst and Orange and north of Blayney. It had a population of 62 people as of the 2016 census. During a decentralisation drive in the early-mid 1970s, the New South Wales government proposed constructing a new city here, planned for 110,000 people, and moving several state government departments to Vittoria from Sydney. Only the Central Mapping Authority ever made the move, in 1976, before the programme was scrapped.
# Volcanic flight cancellation

Volcanic flight cancellation or volcano airline crisis may refer to:
* 2011 Puyehue eruption#Transport disruption, in Chile, Argentina, New Zealand, Australia
* Air travel disruption after the 2011 Grímsvötn eruption, in Iceland, Europe
* Air travel disruption after the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption, in Iceland, Europe
* 2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi#Air travel disruption, in Indonesia
# Vojislava

Vojislava (Serbian Cyrillic: Војислава) is a South Slavic given name, a feminine form of Vojislav; it consists of two parts: "Voj" - which means "war, warrior", and "slav" - which means "glory, fame".

## People

* Vojislava Vojinović (fl. 1359), Serbian noblewoman, daughter of Vojvoda Vojin, married Brajko Branivojević
* Vojislava Lukić (born 1987), Serbian former professional tennis player
* Vojislava Popović, Serbian former figure skater, now coach

## Other

* 5397 Vojislava, an asteroid
# Volutomitra erebus

Volutomitra erebus, common name the Erebus mitre volute, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutomitridae.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 30 mm and 50 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Colombia and in the Caribbean Sea off Trinidad & Tobago and the Grenadines.
# Vocal weight

Vocal weight refers to the perceived "lightness" or "heaviness" of a singing voice. This quality of the voice is one of the major determining factors in voice classification within classical music. Lighter voices are often associated with the term "lyric" and are usually brighter and more agile; heavier voices are often associated with the term "dramatic" and are usually powerful, rich, and darker. Other voice types like the spinto have a more medium vocal weight. Vocal weight can also affect overall vocal agility; heavier voices often have more difficulty maneuvering through florid coloratura passages than their lighter counterparts, as their weight and power compromises agility. Likewise, dramatic roles are often written with larger orchestras in mind as dramatic voices can carry more easily over larger ensembles.
# Voices of Theory (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Voices of Theory is the only studio album by American contemporary R&B group Voices of Theory; released in 1997 via H.O.L.A. Recordings (which was distributed via PolyGram). The album did not chart on the Billboard 200, but it peaked at #56 on the Billboard R&B chart and #32 on the Billboard Heatseekers chart in 1998.
Three singles were released from Voices of Theory: "Somehow", "Say It" and "Wherever You Go". The latter two singles peaked at #10 and #36 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1998, respectively.

## Chart positions

| Chart (1998) | Peak position |
| US Heatseekers Albums (Billboard) | 32 |
| US R&B Albums (Billboard) | 56 |
# Vortex stretching

In fluid dynamics, vortex stretching is the lengthening of vortices in three-dimensional fluid flow, associated with a corresponding increase of the component of vorticity in the stretching direction—due to the conservation of angular momentum.
Vortex stretching is associated with a particular term in the vorticity equation. For example, vorticity transport in an incompressible inviscid flow is governed by
    ${D{\vec {\omega }} \over Dt}=\left({\vec {\omega }}\cdot {\vec {\nabla }}\right){\vec {v}},$
where D/Dt is the material derivative. The source term on the right hand side is the vortex stretching term. It amplifies the vorticity ${\vec {\omega }}$ when the velocity is diverging in the direction parallel to ${\vec {\omega }}$.
A simple example of vortex stretching in a viscous flow is provided by the Burgers vortex.
Vortex stretching is at the core of the description of the turbulence energy cascade from the large scales to the small scales in turbulence. In general, in turbulence fluid elements are more lengthened than squeezed, on average. In the end, this results in more vortex stretching than vortex squeezing. For incompressible flow—due to volume conservation of fluid elements—the lengthening implies thinning of the fluid elements in the directions perpendicular to the stretching direction. This reduces the radial length scale of the associated vorticity. Finally, at the small scales of the order of the Kolmogorov microscales, the turbulence kinetic energy is dissipated into heat through the action of molecular viscosity.
# WAP gateway

A WAP gateway sits between mobile devices using the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) and the World Wide Web, passing pages from one to the other much like a proxy. This translates pages into a form suitable for the mobiles, for instance using the Wireless Markup Language (WML). This process is hidden from the phone, so it may access the page in the same way as a browser accesses HTML, using a URL (for example, ), provided the mobile phone operator has not specifically prevented this. WAP gateway software encodes and decodes requests and responses between the smartphones, microbrowser and internet. It decodes the encoded WAP requests from the microbrowser and send the HTTP requests to the internet or to a local application server. It also encodes the WML and HDML data returning from the web for transmission to the microbrowser in the handset.
# WIAM

WIAM may refer to:
* WIAM (AM), a radio station (900 AM) licensed to Williamston, North Carolina, United States
* WIAM-LP, a low-power radio station (101.1 FM) licensed to Knoxville, Tennessee, United States
# WCT Arctic Cup

The WCT Arctic Cup (previously known as the Taimyr Cup, the CCT Arctic Cup and the Nornickel Curling Cup) is an annual bonspiel, or curling tournament, that takes place in late May at the Taimyr Ice Arena in Dudinka, Russia. The tournament is held in a Round Robin format. The tournament is part of the World Curling Tour. In 2016, the inaugural event was held between Russian men's teams. In 2017 and 2019 it was a women's event, and in 2018 and 2021 it was a mixed doubles event. In 2022, it was held in an open entry format where men's and women's teams competed against each other.

## Men's champions

| Year | Winning team | Runner up team | Third place | Fourth place | Purse (USD) |
| 2016 | Alexey Stukalskiy, Andrey Drozdov, Artur Razhabov, Anton Kalalb, Petr Dron | Alexander Eremin (Fourth), Mikhail Vaskov (Skip), Alexey Tuzov, Alexey Kulikov | Alexey Tselousov, Evgeny Klimov, Alexey Timofeev, Artem Shmakov, Alexey Bystrov | Roman Kutuzov, Sergey Glukhov, Aleksandr Kozyrev, Dmitry Mironov | |

## Women's champions

| Year | Winning team | Runner up team | Third place | Fourth place | Purse (USD) |
| 2017 | Anna Sidorova, Margarita Fomina, Alexandra Raeva, Nkeirouka Ezekh, Alina Kovaleva | Jennifer Jones, Kaitlyn Lawes, Jill Officer, Dawn McEwen, Elaine Jackson | Victoria Moiseeva, Uliana Vasilyeva, Galina Arsenkina, Julia Guzieva, Yulia Portunova | Alina Pätz, Nadine Lehmann, Marisa Winkelhausen, Nicole Schwägli | $100,000 |
| 2019 | Eve Muirhead, Lauren Gray, Vicky Wright, Vicki Chalmers | Alina Kovaleva, Anastasia Bryzgalova, Galina Arsenkina, Ekaterina Kuzmina, Uliana Vasilyeva | Kerri Einarson, Val Sweeting, Shannon Birchard, Briane Meilleur | Anna Sidorova, Margarita Fomina, Yulia Portunova, Julia Guzieva, Nkeirouka Ezekh | $50,000 |

## Mixed doubles champions

| Year | Winning pair | Runner up pair | Third place | Fourth place | Purse (USD) |
| 2018 | Rachel Homan / Niklas Edin | Gina Aitken / Duncan Menzies | Maria Komarova / Daniil Goriachev | Zuzana Hájková / Tomáš Paul | $20,000 |
| 2020 | Cancelled | Cancelled | Cancelled | Cancelled | Cancelled |
| 2021 | Briar Hürlimann / Yannick Schwaller | Anna Samoylik / Mikhail Vaskov | Alina Kovaleva / Sergey Glukhov | Diana Gaspari / Joël Retornaz | € 20,000 |

## Open event champions

| Year | Winning team | Runner up team | Third place | Fourth place | Purse (USD) |
| 2022 | Sergey Glukhov, Evgeny Klimov, Dmitry Mironov, Anton Kalalb | Alexey Stukalskiy, Artur Ali, Petr Dron, Daniil Goriachev, Alexander Eremin | Alina Kovaleva, Yulia Portunova, Galina Arsenkina, Ekaterina Kuzmina, Maria Komarova | Anna Sidorova, Margarita Fomina, Nkeirouka Ezekh, Ekaterina Galkina | |