OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Proctosedyl

Proctosedyl is the brand name for a family of two products with identical active ingredients designed to treat a variety of proctological disorders. One is a topical ointment, the other a rectal suppository. In the United Kingdom both products are contract manufactured by Patheon Limited on behalf of the Sanofi-Aventis group. Manufacture and distribution is provided by Sanofi Aventis subsidiaries Hoechst and Hoechst Marion Roussel in other territories worldwide.

## Application

Both the yellowish-white, translucent, greasy ointment and the smooth, off-white suppositories are formulated for the relief of chronic pruritus ani (otherwise known anal itching or anusitis) and the treatment of pain, irritation, discharge and itching associated with haemorrhoids (otherwise known as piles). However both products are also used to provide pain relief in the treatment of anal fissure, for patients undergoing haemorrhoidectomy, (pre and post-operative), in the relief of post-partum (otherwise known as post-natal) haemorrhoidal conditions, and in the treatment of non-infective proctitis.

## Active ingredients

Both preparations contain:
* Cinchocaine hydrochloride at a concentration of 5 mg/g to provide anaesthesia, analgesia and to act as a spasmolytic.
* Hydrocortisone at a concentration of 5 mg/g. to provide antipruritic and anti-inflammatory relief
Preparations in some territories may also contain:
* Framycetin sulfate at a concentration of 10 mg/g as an antibacterial agent.
* Aesculin at a concentration of 10 mg/g for its retardant effect on Escherichia coli (otherwise known as E. Coli).
# Samuel Martin (politician)

Sir Samuel Martin QC (1801 – 9 January 1883) was an Anglo-Irish politician and judge.

## Early life and education

Martin was born in 1801, the son of Samuel Martin of Calmore, County Londonderry. He was educated at Trinity College Dublin, receiving a BA in 1821 and an MA in 1832. He became a student at Gray's Inn in 1821 and practiced as a special pleader. He transferred to the Middle Temple in 1826, and was called to the bar in 1830.
In 1838, he married Frances Homera, the daughter of Sir Frederick Pollock, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. She died on 19 April 1874, aged 56.

## Career

Martin was active as a barrister on the Northern Circuit, and gained a reputation for skill. He took silk in 1845. He entered the House of Commons for Pontefract in 1847 as a Liberal, after a closely fought contest. However, he only held the seat until 1850, when he was knighted and appointed a Baron of the Exchequer. He received an LL.D. from Trinity in 1857.

## Later life

Martin left the Exchequer bench in 1873, due to deafness, and was appointed a Privy Counsellor on 2 February 1874. He returned to the Middle Temple in 1878. He divided his time between his estate at Myroe, County Londonderry (where he was a justice of the peace and a deputy lieutenant) and his London residence in Piccadilly. He died at the latter in 1883 and is buried in Brompton Cemetery, London.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Samuel Martin :
* CrestAn estoile of six points Argent.
* EscutcheonArgent on a chief indented Azure three martlets Or.
# Phenomenon

A phenomenon (pl.: phenomena), sometimes spelled phaenomenon, is an observable event. The term came into its modern philosophical usage through Immanuel Kant, who contrasted it with the noumenon, which cannot be directly observed. Kant was heavily influenced by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in this part of his philosophy, in which phenomenon and noumenon serve as interrelated technical terms. Far predating this, the ancient Greek Pyrrhonist philosopher Sextus Empiricus also used phenomenon and noumenon as interrelated technical terms.

## Common usage

In popular usage, a phenomenon often refers to an extraordinary, unusual or notable event. According to the Dictionary of Visual Discourse:
   In ordinary language 'phenomenon/phenomena' refer to any occurrence worthy of note and investigation, typically an untoward or unusual event, person or fact that is of special significance or otherwise notable.

## Philosophy

In modern philosophical use, the term phenomena means things as they are experienced through the senses and processed by the mind as distinct from things in and of themselves (noumena). In his inaugural dissertation, titled On the Form and Principles of the Sensible and Intelligible World, Immanuel Kant (1770) theorizes that the human mind is restricted to the logical world and thus can only interpret and understand occurrences according to their physical appearances. He wrote that humans could infer only as much as their senses allowed, but not experience the actual object itself. Thus, the term phenomenon refers to any incident deserving of inquiry and investigation, especially processes and events which are particularly unusual or of distinctive importance.

## Science

In scientific usage, a phenomenon is any event that is observable, including the use of instrumentation to observe, record, or compile data. Especially in physics, the study of a phenomenon may be described as measurements related to matter, energy, or time, such as Isaac Newton's observations of the Moon's orbit and of gravity; or Galileo Galilei's observations of the motion of a pendulum.
In natural sciences, a phenomenon is an observable happening or event. Often, this term is used without considering the causes of a particular event. Example of a physical phenomenon is an observable phenomenon of the lunar orbit or the phenomenon of oscillations of a pendulum.
A mechanical phenomenon is a physical phenomenon associated with the equilibrium or motion of objects. Some examples are Newton's cradle, engines, and double pendulums.

## Sociology

Group phenomena concern the behavior of a particular group of individual entities, usually organisms and most especially people. The behavior of individuals often changes in a group setting in various ways, and a group may have its own behaviors not possible for an individual because of the herd mentality.
Social phenomena apply especially to organisms and people in that subjective states are implicit in the term. Attitudes and events particular to a group may have effects beyond the group, and either be adapted by the larger society, or seen as aberrant, being punished or shunned.
# Sisters Islands

Sister or Sisters Island or Islands may refer to several individual islands or island groups:

## Antarctic

* The Sisters (Victoria Land), a pair of Antarctic islands consisting of Gertrude Rock and Rose Rock (Victoria Land)

## Australia

* Sisters Islands (Queensland)
* Sisters Island (Tasmania), north-west Tasmania
* Sisters Island Group, Tasmania, Furneaux Group
** Inner Sister Island
** Outer Sister Island
** Shag Reef

## Canada

* Sisters Islands (Nunavut), Canada
* East Sister Island, Lake Erie, Ontario

## Cayman Islands

* Little Cayman
* Cayman Brac

## India

* The Sisters (Andaman), two islands in the Duncan Passage, Andaman Islands, India
** East Sister Island (Andaman)
** West Sister Island (Andaman)

## New Zealand

* The Sisters/Rangitatahi, Chatham Islands

## Singapore

* Sisters' Islands

## United States

* Sister Islands (Wisconsin)
* The Sisters (California)
* Middle Sister Island, Lake Erie, Ohio
* West Sister Island, Lake Erie, Ohio
* Sisters Island, Michigan, in Monroe County
* Sister Islands, in Lake Bonaparte (New York)
* A small group of islands just northwest of Grand Isle in Lake Champlain, Vermont
# Nikolay Andryushchenko

Nikolay Andryushchenko (born 24 February 1931) is a Soviet athlete. He competed in the men's long jump at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Nagasaki (disambiguation)

Nagasaki is the capital city of Nagasaki Prefecture in Japan.
Nagasaki may also refer to:
* Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan
* Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II
* Nagasaki (surname), a Japanese surname
* "Nagasaki" (song), a 1928 jazz song by Harry Warren and Mort Dixon
* Nagasaki (Schnittke), an oratorio composed by Alfred Schnittke
* Nagasaki: Memories of My Son, a 2015 Japanese film
* 5790 Nagasaki, a main-belt asteroid
# PSR J0738−4042

PSR J0738−4042 is the first pulsar observed to have been affected by asteroids.
It was originally discovered in 1968. In 2013 scientists at the University of Oxford, Hartebeesthoek Observatory and CSIRO announced that they had observed changes in the pulsar's spin rate and the shape of its radio pulse indicating that asteroids were encountering it, including one with a mass of about a billion tons.
   We think the pulsar's radio beam zaps the asteroid, vaporising it. But the vaporised particles are electrically charged and they slightly alter the process that creates the pulsar's beam.
The scientists suggested that the material blown out from the explosion which formed the pulsar could have fallen back towards it, developing a disk of debris including asteroids.
# Manulea

Manulea is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae erected by Hans Daniel Johan Wallengren in 1863. The type species is Lithosia gilveola Ochsenheimer, 1810 (=palliatella Scopoli, 1763).

## Species

Subgenus Manulea Wallengren, 1863 complana species group
* Manulea complana (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Manulea costalis (Zeller, 1847) (=morosina Herrich-Schäffer, [1847])
* Manulea palliatella (Scopoli, 1763) (=unita [Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
* Manulea pseudocomplana (Daniel, 1939)
lutarella species group
* Manulea lutarella (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Manulea flavociliata (Lederer, 1853)
minor species group
* Manulea minor (Okano, 1955)
* Manulea pseudofumidisca Dubatolov & Zolotuhin, 2011
pygmaeola species group
* Manulea affineola (Bremer, 1864)
* Manulea fuscodorsalis (Matsumura, 1930)
* Manulea japonica (Leech, [1889])
* Manulea kansuensis (Hering, 1936)
* Manulea minima (Daniel, 1954)
* Manulea nankingica (Daniel, 1954)
* Manulea omelkoi Dubatolov & Zolotuhin, 2011
* Manulea predotae (Schawerda, 1927)
* Manulea pygmaeola (Doubleday, 1847)
* Manulea ussurica (Daniel, 1954)
* Manulea uniformeola (Daniel, 1954)
* Manulea wiltshirei (Tams, 1939)
Subgenus Setema de Freina & Witt, 1980
* Manulea atratula (Eversmann, 1847)
* Manulea bicolor (Grote, 1864)
* Manulea cereola (Hübner, [1803])
* Manulea debilis (Staudinger, 1887)
* Manulea hyalinofuscatum (Tshistjakov, 1990)
* Manulea nigrocollare (Tshistjakov, 1990)
* Manulea vakulenkoi (Tshistjakov, 1990)
Subgenus Agenjoa Dubatolov & Zolotuhin, 2011
* Manulea hunanica (Daniel, 1954)
* Manulea lurideola (Zincken, 1817)

### Incorrectly placed

* Manulea replana (Lewin, 1805) (now Brunia replana)
# Prolymphocytic leukemia

Prolymphocytic leukemia is divided into two types according to the kind of cell involved: B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia and T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. It is usually classified as a kind of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
# Tarafiyah

Tarafiyah (Arabic: الطرفية) is a city in Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. It was the site of the Battle of Tarafiyah (1907). As of 2010, It has 3040 inhabitants.
# Pheleley Priory

Pheleley Priory was a small 12th-century Benedictine monastic community located in a detached part of Bloxham, near Charlbury, in the English county of Oxfordshire. It was a cell of Eynsham Abbey that developed from a hermitage. It never had a priory church and only ever housed a few monks. It merged with Eynsham in 1145.
# Sing My Heart Out

Sing My Heart Out is the second studio album by English singer Sam Bailey. It was released on 16 September 2016 by Tiger Drum. The album's lead single, "Sing My Heart Out", was released on 9 September 2016.

## Charts

| Chart (2016) | Peak position |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 53 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 33 |
# Kandra (disambiguation)

Kandra may refer to:
* Kandra, a census town in Saraikela Kharsawan district, Jharkhand, considered as an integral part of the Jamshedpur Metropolitan Region
* Kandra, Bardhaman, a village in Ketugram I CD Block in Katwa subdivision, Bardhaman district, West Bengal
# Nai River

Nai River (Chinese: 奈河; pinyin: Nài Hé) or River Null is a river in Tai'an, Shandong Province, China. It merges into Dawen River, then empties into Dongping Lake. The river flows through the city of Taian.
# Manjit Singh (runner)

Manjit Singh (born 1 September 1989; also known as Manjit Singh Chahal) is an Indian middle-distance runner who specialises in the 800 metres and 1500 metres events. He represented India at the 2018 Asian Games where he won the gold in the 800 metres event at Jakarta.

## Personal life

Manjit was born in Ujhana village, Jind district, Haryana, to Randhir Chahal and Bimala Devi. He grew his passion for athletics from his father only, Randhir who himself was a field athlete, in discus throw and shot put. Manjit is married, have a son, names Abhir with wife Kiran. In his spare time he used to help his father in dairy, cattle and agriculture farming. He had a two-year contract job with ONGC from 2013 to 2016.

## Career
### 2013−2017

In 2013 Manjit took part in his first international event, in the 2013 Asian Athletics Championships, at Pune, where he finished 4th place in the Men's 800 metres final clocking 1:49.70 mins. In 2014, he bagged a silver in the 800 metres in Federation Cup, but failed to qualify for the Commonwealth Games and Asian Games. After a long injury for one and half year, he took part in the National Inter-state Championship at Hyderabad winning silver then at Guntur and bettered his 800 m time, clocking 1:48.04 mins and winning silver on July 16, 2017. In the same event, on 18 July, he competed in the 1500m and finished with a timing 3:49.30 which was his personal best at that time.

### 2018

On March 7, 2018, in the Patiala Federation Cup, he competed in both 800 m and 1500 m and bettered his timings of 1500 m to 3:42.24 and qualified for 1500 m in the 2018 Asian Games. On 27 August 2018, Manjit Singh, stunned everyone and compatriot Jinson Johnson to win gold in the Men's 800 metres at the Asian Games after 36 years for India where he clocked 1:46.15 as his personal best.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing India ||||||
| 2013 | Asian Athletics Championships (Heat 1) | Pune, India | H-2nd | 800 m | 1:49.12 min |
| 2013 | Asian Athletics Championships (Final) | Pune, India | 4th | 800 m | 1:49.70 min |
| 2018 | Asian Games | Jakarta, Indonesia | | 800 m | 1:46.15 min |
# Pseudogoodyera

Pseudogoodyera is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It contains one known species, Pseudogoodyera wrightii, native to San Luis Potosí, Cuba, Guatemala and Belize.
# Vivian Lee Bowden

D. Vivian Lee Bowden (February 23, 1943 – January 9, 2017) was a science journalist who discovered the unpublished drawings of early French botanist Antoine Nicolas Duchesne and authored an influential history of the garden strawberry. Her extensive research conducted in both Europe and America has been widely cited.

## Life and education

D. Vivian Lee was born in Washington DC, on February 23, 1943. She received her BS from Stanford University and her MS from Columbia School of Journalism. Before marriage, she worked as a science journalist for Life magazine. She married Douglas M. Bowden in New York, NY in 1966. Lee Bowden resumed her education after raising a family, and earned a Master of Divinity from the Pacific School of Religion in Berkeley, California.

## Research

Lee conducted extensive research in her work on the historical background of the strawberry. At the behest of Henry A. Wallace, Lee visited France, Germany and the Netherlands in summer 1962 to research the history of the garden strawberry. On July 10, 1962, she discovered in the Paris Jardin des Plantes a collection of 73 original drawings of Fragaria by Antoine Nicolas Duchesne. Duchesne prepared these for use in his monumental book describing strawberry history, taxonomy, and cultivation. Due to budgetary constraints, the drawings were not published, and were overlooked for almost 200 years. The drawings provide significant historical context for the pioneering work of Duchesne. Lee made her discovery at age 19, the same age that Duchesne published his book.
Lee presented her findings in an invited talk at a national meeting, and wrote four chapters on the history of strawberry for the positively reviewed and widely cited book The Strawberry: History, Breeding and Physiology. Her contribution is clearly acknowledged in the preface, but not on the title page, and most subsequent authors have misattributed the chapters to George M. Darrow, a USDA strawberry geneticist. In his discussion of the nomenclature of the garden strawberry, taxonomist M. Guédès alludes to the thoroughness of her scholarship, and properly cites her contribution.
# Philip Gould (disambiguation)

Philip Gould, Baron Gould of Brookwood (1950–2011) was a British political consultant and former advertising executive
Philip or Phil Gould may also refer to:
* Phil Gould (rugby league) (born 1958), Australian rugby league broadcaster, journalist, administrator and former player and coach
* Phil Gould (musician) (born 1957), British drummer, songwriter and singer
# Skaget

Skaget is a mountain in Øystre Slidre Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,686-metre (5,531 ft) tall mountain is located in the Langsua National Park, about 17 kilometres (11 mi) east of the village of Beitostølen.
# Kandra Radha Kanta Kundu Mahavidyalaya

Kandra Radha Kanta Kundu Mahavidyalaya, established in 2001 by social worker Amar Chand Kundu by the name of his father Radhakanta Kundu. It is a general degree college in Kandra, Purba Bardhaman district. It offers undergraduate courses in arts. It is affiliated to University of Burdwan.
# The World as It Is

The World as It Is may refer to:
* "The World as It Is" (song) by Daryl Braithwaite
* The World as It Is (book) by Ben Rhodes
* The World As It Is: Dispatches on the Myth of Human Progress, book by Chris Hedges
# Nikolay Cherkasov (disambiguation)

Nikolay Cherkasov (1903–1966) was a Soviet actor and a People's Artist of the USSR.
Nikolai Cherkasov or Nikolay Cherkasov may also refer to:
* Nikolai Ivanovich Cherkasov, a Hero of the Soviet Union
* Nikolay Cherkasov (cyclist) (born 1996), Russian Gazprom–RusVelo cyclist
# CS Nicolae Simatoc Stadium

Nicolae Simatoc Stadium, also known as Stadionul comunei Lozova, is a football stadium in Lozova, Moldova. The stadium has been home of FC Codru Lozova until 2021, when the club merged with CS Atletic Strășeni. Since then it has been hosting home games of the latter. It has a capacity of 1060 seats.
The stadium is named after Nicolae Simatoc a Romanian football manager and player born in Grimăncăuți, currently Moldova.

## Gallery

* The walking alley
* The pitch
* View from top
* The main building
* The main building
* The pitch
* The scoreboard
# Pagnoz

Pagnoz (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.
# Manokia

Manokia is a genus of box jellyfish in the Alatinidae family.

## Species

The World Register of Marine Species lists the following species:
* Manokia stiasnyi (Bigelow, 1938)
# Pseudogomphus

Pseudogomphus is a genus of fungi in the family Gomphaceae. A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Pseudogomphus fragilissimus, found in Gabon.
# Tapinoma baculum

Tapinoma baculum is an extinct species of ant in the genus Tapinoma. Described by Zhang in 1989, fossils of the species were found in China.
# Philip Davies (priest)

The Ven. Philip Bertram Davies (13 July 1933 – 1 February 2005) was the Archdeacon of St Albans in the Church of England from 1987 until 1998.
Davies was born into an ecclesiastical family and was educated at Lancing College. After an earlier career as a tea planter, he entered Ripon College Cuddesdon to study for the priesthood. He was ordained in 1964 and began his career with a curacy at St John the Baptist, Atherton. He was Vicar at St Mary Magdalene, Eccles from 1966 to 1971; and Rector of St Philip with St Stephen, Salford from then until 1976. After this, he was vicar of Christchurch, Radlett and Rural Dean of Aldenham before his years as an Archdeacon.
# Skaggs & Rice

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Skaggs & Rice is an album by American guitarist Tony Rice and multi-instrumentalist Ricky Skaggs, released in 1980. The album was reissued in April 2012.

## Track listing

* "Bury Me Beneath the Willow" (Traditional) – 2:43
* "Mansions For Me" (Bill Monroe) – 3:39
* "There's More Pretty Girls Than One" (Traditional) – 2:58
* "Memories Of Mother And Dad" (Albert Price) – 2:28
* "Where The Soul Of Man Never Dies" (Traditional) – 2:27
* "Talk About Suffering" (Traditional) – 2:10
* "Will The Roses Bloom (Where She Lies Sleeping)" (Bevins Brothers) – 2:47
* "Tennessee Blues" (Bill Monroe) – 2:49
* "The Old Crossroads" (Charlie Monroe) – 2:42
* "Have You Someone (In Heaven Awaiting)" (Carter Stanley, Ralph Stanley) – 2:52

## Personnel

* Tony Rice – guitar, vocals
* Ricky Skaggs – mandolin, vocals
Production notes
* Richard Adler – engineer
* Donivan Cowart – engineer
* Connie Potter – assistant engineer
* Jon Sievert – photography
* Raymond Simone – artwork, design, illustrations
* Jim Lloyd – artwork
# Kangan Institute

Kangan Institute is a TAFE (technical and further education) provider in Melbourne, Australia.

## History

Kangan Institute was established as the Broadmeadows College of TAFE on 28 February 1986, when it was formally opened by Prime Minister Bob Hawke. It was originally built to cater for 3000 students at a cost of $13.5 million. It subsequently acquired a series of other campuses in its first decade, including at Avondale Heights, Essendon and Moreland.
In August 1995, the institution was renamed the Kangan Institute of TAFE in honour of Myer Kangan, the founder of the TAFE system in Australia. On 1 July 1997, it merged with the John Batman College of TAFE to form Kangan Batman TAFE. The merger resulted in the closure of the former John Batman TAFE's campus in Gaffney Street, Coburg, but the amalgamated body expanded again in 1998 when it absorbed the Richmond Automotive Campus of Barton TAFE after a major state government review.
The Avondale Heights campus closed in 2005. The "Automotive Centre of Excellence" campus at Docklands initially opened in September 2006; the completion of the three-stage Docklands development in 2011 resulted in the closure of the remaining Coburg campus (Dawson Street). The organisation reverted to the "Kangan Institute" name in 2010, dropping the reference to "Batman" from the 1997 merger.
In 2014, it formally merged with Bendigo TAFE to form the Bendigo Kangan Institute. The two organisations retained their separate operational branding, but formed a shared administration based in Bendigo. The then state opposition Labor Party and the Australian Education Union criticised the merger over process and funding concerns.

## Campuses

Kangan Institute operates five campuses: Broadmeadows, Essendon, a health campus at Moonee Ponds, a creative industries campus in Richmond and the Automotive Centre of Excellence in Docklands.
# The World as It Is (song)

"The World as It Is" is a song by Australian singer-song writer, Daryl Braithwaite, released in October 1993, as the lead single from his fourth studio album, Taste the Salt.
Simon Hussey won an ARIA award for Engineer of the Year for his work on this track, and "Barren Ground" at the ARIA Music Awards of 1994.

## Track listing
### CD single

* "The World as It Is" – 3:52
* "In the Distance (Getting Closer)" – 5:21

## Charts

"The World as It Is" debuted at number 41, and peaked at 35 three weeks later.
| Chart (1993) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 35 |
# Nimmo

Nimmo may refer to:
* Nimmo, Somalia, town
* Nimmo (film), a 1984 Indian Punjabi-language film
* Nimmo (surname), people with the surname Nimmo
* The Nimmo Twins, English comedy duo (Owen Evans and Carl Minns)
* Nimmo (band), British electronic music duo