OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Philip Davis

Philip Davis or Phil Davis may refer to:
* Phil Davis (fighter) (born 1984), American mixed martial artist and former collegiate wrestler
* Phil Davis (actor) (born 1953), English actor
* Phil Davis (cartoonist) (1906–1964), American illustrator
* Phil Davis (Australian footballer) (born 1990), Australian rules footballer for the Greater Western Sydney Giants
* Philip Davis (Bahamian politician) (born 1951), Bahamian politician
* Philip Davis (Australian politician) (born 1952)
* Philip J. Davis (1923–2018), American mathematician
* Phil Davis (footballer, born 1944), retired English professional footballer
* Philip Davis, Library of America editor for Bernard Malamud volumes
* Percy Davis (Kent cricketer) (1922–2018), who was known as Philip Davis in later life
* Philip A. Davis, astronomer and planetary geologist with the U.S. Geological Survey. Minor planet 4448 Phildavis named after him.
* Phil Davis, fictional musical showman played by actor Danny Kaye in the 1954 film White Christmas
# Phenylarsonic acid

Phenylarsonic acid is the chemical compound with the formula C$_6$H$_5$AsO(OH)$_2$, commonly abbreviated PhAsO$_3$H$_2$. This colourless solid is an organic derivative of arsenic acid, AsO(OH)$_3$, where one OH group has been replaced by a phenyl group. The compound is a buffering agent and a precursor to other organoarsenic compounds, some of which are used in animal nutrition, e.g. 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzenearsonic acid.

## Preparation and structure

PhAsO$_3$H$_2$ can be prepared in several routes, but a common one entails treatment of phenyl diazonium salts with sodium arsenite (prepared from arsenious acid and base) in the presence of a copper(II) catalyst.
    C $_6$H $_5$N$^+$ $_2$ + NaAsO$_3$H$_2$ → C$_6$H$_5$AsO$_3$H$_2$ + Na$^+$ + N$_2$
Related derivatives are prepared similarly. It was first prepared by Michaelis and Loenser. X-ray crystallography indicates that the molecules are connected by hydrogen-bonds consistent with short distance of 2.5 Å separating the oxygen atoms. The arsenic center is tetrahedral.

## Related phenylarsonic acids

Several derivatives of phenylarsonic acid have been used as additives for animal feeds. These include 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzenearsonic acid (3-NHPAA, or Roxarsone), p-arsanilic acid (p-ASA), 4-nitrophenylarsonic acid (4-NPAA), and p-ureidophenylarsonic acid (p-UPAA).
# Saint Mark (disambiguation)

Saint Mark, or Mark the Evangelist, is the traditional author of the Gospel of Mark.
Saint Mark may also refer to:

## People

* Pope Mark (died 336), Pope from January 18 to October 7, 336
* Sts. Mark and Marcellian (died c. 286), martyrs venerated as saints
* St. Mark of Aeca [it] (died c. 328), a Catholic bishop commemorated on November 5
* St. Mark of Ephesus, an Eastern Orthodox bishop commemorated on 19 January
* St. Mark the Ascetic, a Christian hermit commemorated on 20 May
* St. Mark Ji Tianxiang (died 1900), one of the Martyr Saints of China

## Places

* St. Mark Coptic Orthodox Church (Jersey City, New Jersey), U.S.
* St. Mark Coptic Orthodox Church (Los Angeles), California, U.S.
* Saint Mark Parish, Dominica
* Saint Mark Parish, Grenada

## Artworks

* Saint Mark (Donatello)
* Saint Mark (Mantegna)
* Saint Mark (Tzanes)
# Phenylalanine racemase (ATP-hydrolysing)

The enzyme phenylalanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.11, phenylalanine racemase, phenylalanine racemase (adenosine triphosphate-hydrolysing), gramicidin S synthetase I) is the enzyme that acts on amino acids and derivatives. It activates both the L & D stereo isomers of phenylalanine to form L-phenylalanyl adenylate and D-phenylalanyl adenylate, which are bound to the enzyme. These bound compounds are then transferred to the thiol group of the enzyme followed by conversion of its configuration, the D-isomer being the more favorable configuration of the two, with a 7 to 3 ratio between the two isomers. The racemisation reaction of phenylalanine is coupled with the highly favorable hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and pyrophosphate (PP), thermodynamically allowing it to proceed. This reaction is then drawn forward by further hydrolyzing PP to inorganic phosphate (P$_i$), via Le Chatelier's principle.

## Other names

* phenylalanine racemase
* phenylalanine racemase (adenosine triphosphate-hydrolysing)
* gramicidin S synthetase I

## Pathway

* Phenylalanine Metabolism

## Substrate

* L – Phenylalanine

## Product

* D - Phenylalanine

## Cofactor

* Pyridoxal-phosphate (active form of vitamin B$_6$)

## Links to disease

Problems in the digestion of phenylalanine (phe) to tyrosine (tyr) lead to the buildup of both phe and phenylpyruvate, in a disease called Phenylketonuria (PKU). These two compounds build up in the blood stream and cerebral spinal fluid, which can lead to mental retardation if left untreated. Treatment consists of a restricted diet of foods that contain phe or compounds that can breakdown into phe. Children in the US are routinely tested for this at birth. For more information see the Phenylketonuria page or the link below.

## Quick facts

* pH Range = 7.2 – 8.6
* Equilibrium Ratio: L-Phe:D-Phe = 3:7
* Specific Activity: 0.019

## The reaction

| L-Phenylalanine | Phenylalanine Racemase | Phenylalanine Racemase | D-Phenylalanine |
| | ATP | AMP+PP | |
Compound C00079 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C00002 at KEGG Pathway Database. Enzyme 5.1.1.11 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C00020 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C00013 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C00001 at KEGG Pathway Database. Reaction R00686 at KEGG Pathway Database. Pathway MAP00360 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C00018 at KEGG Pathway Database. |}
# Sainte-Lheurine

Sainte-Lheurine (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.

## Location and economy

The village centre with its church from the 12th century is situated on a small hill that overlooks the vineyards, patches of forest, and the wheat, maize and sunflower fields that characterize the local landscape. A number of scattered small hamlets and single farmsteads in the plains below belong to the commune.
Sainte-Lheurine lies in the "Petite Champagne", and the cultivation of grapes for the production of Cognac and Pineau is the predominant local economic activity, with much of the production sold to the large cognac producers in nearby Cognac.
# Phillips Chapel CME Church

Phillips Chapel CME Church (also known as Lincoln High School) is a historic Christian Methodist Episcopal church building at 638 N. Tornillo Street in Las Cruces, New Mexico. It was built in 1912 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.
It is a one-story adobe building, about 29 by 38 feet (8.8 m × 11.6 m) in plan, with buttresses against its front. It was described in its National Register nomination as "representative of vernacular church architecture showing a modest influence of local Spanish/Hispano architectural traditions."
It underwent an extensive restoration project starting around 2010 and ending in 2016.
# Pey family

The Pey family was distinguished family with Spanish origins. Family members were judges, mayors, and a president, the first Creole to exercise executive power in New Granada. During the nineteenth century many family clans gain influence through relationship with the state and administrative positions. New Granada's Independence was led mostly by elite creoles or criollos and various high-ranking colonial bureaucrats and their upper-status families, one of this families were the Peys.
They exercied wide influence on the clergy of New Granada, fostering in them the pro-independence patriotic sentiment.
Surname
Old surname, infrequent and registered mainly in the province of Barcelona, its presence being notable in those of Girona and Madrid.

## Notable members

* Juan Francisco Pey was an oidor of the Audiencia of Santa Fe de Bogotá, one of the most important positions at the time.
* President José Miguel Pey de Andrade was President of Colombia, Vice president of the Supreme Governing Junta in 1810 and a member of the Executive Presidium of the Republic of Colombia.
* Juan Bautista Pey Archdeacon of the Primate Cathedral of Colombia
# Phloeosinus aubei

Phloeosinus aubei is a species of bark beetle in the family Curculionidae. It is commonly known as the cedar bark beetle, eastern juniper bark beetle, or small cypress bark beetle.

## Description

Adult members of Phloeosinus aubei are 2-2.7 millimeters (mm) long. Its dorsum has many small points and small hairs. The thorax is a darker color than the elytra, and it has clearly visible stripes that run front to back. Larvae of the species are a whitish color with a brown head.

## Distribution and habitat

Phloeosinus aubei is native to the Caucasus, Anatolia, and around the Mediterranean from Israel to France. Over the past century, the species' distribution has expanded northward into Central Europe due to climate change and more susceptible host populations, and it is now considered an invasive species in several Central European nations. For example, it has been present in the Czech Republic since at least the 1950s, and is now widely distributed across the country.

## Ecology

Phloeosinus aubei is an invasive pest species which damages or possibly kills its host trees, which are typically cypresses, junipers, and thujas. The beetle is capable of flying up to 24 km (15 mi), and has strong dispersal capabilities and ability to locate its host trees. In the Czech Republic, it is typically found in the common juniper, Juniperus communis, and it is considered to be a threat to that species, which is near-threatened.
P. aubei has several natural parasites. Dendrosoter protuberans and Theocolax phloeosini parasitize the species at all stages of its life, while Eurytoma morio parasitizes the larvae and pupae.
P. aubei is a vector for pathogens, including the cypress canker, Seiridium cardinale.
# Philiodoron cinereum

Philiodoron cinereum is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Chile.
The length of the forewings is 14–17.5 mm.
# Phycologia Australica

Phycologia Australica, written by William Henry Harvey, is one of the most important 19th-century works on phycology, the study of algae.
The work, published in five volumes between 1858 and 1863, is the result of Harvey's extensive collecting along the Australian shores during a three-year sabbatical. By the time Harvey set foot in Western Australia, he had already established himself as a leading phycologist, having published several large works on algae from the British Isles, northern America as well as the Southern Ocean (Nereis Australica). The fact that Harvey travelled the globe on several occasions and collected the seaweeds which he described himself in his later publications, set him apart from most of his contemporaries who relied for the most part on specimens collected by others. In addition, Harvey's zest for work meant he pressed sometimes over 700 specimens in a single day, which were distributed to his colleagues a set of Australian algae. Upon his return to Trinity College in Dublin, Harvey embarked on a mission: the illustration and description of over 300 species of Australian algae, for which he earned the title "father of Australian Phycology".
The dedications and specific epithets of the species commemorate his friend George Clifton, of Fremantle, who assisted Harvey as a collector.
# Phystis

Phystis is a monotypic genus of butterflies from southern United States in the family Nymphalidae. It contains the species Phystis simois.

## Subspecies

* P. s. chinchipensis (Hayward, 1964) (Peru)
* P. s. pratti (Hall, 1935) (Peru)
* P. s. simois (Hewitson, 1864) (Brazil)
* P. s. variegata (Röber, 1913) (Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru)
# Physulodes

Physulodes is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae described by Warren in 1889. Its only species, Physulodes eupithecialis, was first described by Achille Guenée in 1854.
# Phosphorus pentabromide

Phosphorus pentabromide is a reactive, yellow solid of formula PBr$_5$, which has the structure [PBr$_4$]$^+$Br$^−$ (tetrabromophosphonium bromide) in the solid state but in the vapor phase is completely dissociated to PBr$_3$ and Br$_2$. Rapid cooling of this phase to 15 K leads to formation of the ionic species phosphorus heptabromide (tetrabromophosphonium tribromide [PBr$_4$]$^+$[Br$_3$]$^−$).
It can be used in organic chemistry to convert carboxylic acids to acyl bromides. It is highly corrosive. It strongly irritates skin and eyes. It decomposes above 100 °C to give phosphorus tribromide and bromine:
    PBr$_5$ → PBr$_3$ + Br$_2$
Reversing this equilibrium to generate PBr$_5$ by addition of Br$_2$ to PBr$_3$ is difficult in practice because the product is susceptible to further addition to yield phosphorus heptabromide [PBr$_4$]$^+$[Br$_3$]$^−$.
# Phrynobatrachus nanus

Phrynobatrachus nanus is a species of frog in the family Phrynobatrachidae. It is endemic to the Central African Republic and is only known from its type locality, Bouala (originally spelled "Buala"), at 998 m (3,274 ft) above sea level on the Ouham River. Common name Buala river frog has been coined for this species.

## Taxonomy

Phrynobatrachus nanus was described by German zoologist Ernst Ahl in 1925 as Pararthroleptis nanus based a single specimen, the holotype. Phrynobatrachus nanus is the type species of the genus Pararthroleptis Ahl, 1925 "1923". However, the genus is currently considered a synonym of Phrynobatrachus.

## Description

Phrynobatrachus nanus has an indistinct tympanum. There are two metatarsal tubercles. The dorsum is olive-brownish and has six to eight greyish flecks, about as large as the eye. The thighs have three or four bands.

## Ecology

There are no observations of this species after its discovery, and its ecology is essentially unknown.
# Phytophthora hibernalis

Phytophthora hibernalis is a plant pathogen infecting citruses.
# Pianico

Pianico (Bergamasque: Piènech or Piànech) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Milan and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Bergamo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,403 and an area of 2.6 square kilometres (1.0 sq mi).
Pianico borders the following municipalities: Castro, Lovere, Solto Collina, Sovere.
# Pianism

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Pianism is a jazz album by Michel Petrucciani.
The album was recorded at RCA Studio "C", and was produced by Mike Berniker, engineer Mike Moran. The Blue Note catalogue number is CDP 7 46295 2.
This was Petrucciani's first album recorded under contract for Blue Note, the previous recordings having originally been released by Concord and others (though some were subsequently reissued by Blue Note).

## Personnel

* Michel Petrucciani - Piano
* Palle Danielsson - Bass
* Eliot Zigmund - Drums

## Track listing

* "The Prayer" (Michel Petrucciani) – 11:05
* "Our Tune" (Michel Petrucciani)– 6:51
* "Face's Face" (Michel Petrucciani) – 4:37
* "Night And Day" (Cole Porter) – 9:20
* "Here's That Rainy Day" (Van Heusen / Burke) - 9:51
* "Regina" (Michel Petrucciani) - 9:20
# Phyllocoma convoluta

Phyllocoma convoluta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
# Phyllocoptruta oleivora

Phyllocoptruta oleivora, the citrus rust mite, is a serious pest of citrus in most humid regions of the world based on incurred damage and annual cost of control. It infests twigs, leaves, and fruit of all citrus species and varieties, but its order of preferences is lemons, grapefruit, oranges, and tangerines.
# Pianopoli

Pianopoli (Calabrian: Chijanopuli) is a small town in the Catanzaro province of Calabria in southern Italy. The population is 2,373 (2000 figure).
# Phylus

Phylus is a genus of true bugs belonging to the family Miridae.
The species of this genus are found in Europe and Japan.

## Species

BioLib includes:

### subgenus Phylus Hahn, 1831

* Phylus coryli (Linnaeus, 1758) - type species (syn. P. pallipes Hahn, 1758)
* Phylus limbatellus Poppius, 1912
* Phylus melanocephalus (Linnaeus, 1767)
* Phylus nigriscapus Kerzhner, 1988

### subgenus Teratoscopus Fieber, 1861

* Phylus breviceps Reuter, 1899
* Phylus coryloides Josifov & Kerzhner, 1972
* Phylus miyamotoi Yasunaga, 1999
* Phylus plagiatus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1835)
# Pier 35 (Port Melbourne)

Pier 35 is a pier along Lorimer Street on the Yarra River in Port Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It contains the Pier 35 Bar and Grill restaurant, formerly the Steakhouse, and d'Albora Marinas, a major supplier of marina berths. In 2004, Australia's leading marina owner, Macquarie Leisure, purchased Pier 35 for almost $A15 million.
# Piccioni

Piccioni is an Italian surname meaning "pigeon". Notable people with the surname include:
* Attilio Piccioni (1892–1976), Italian politician
* Enrico Piccioni (born 1961), Italian footballer
* Gianmarco Piccioni (born 1991), Italian footballer
* Giuseppe Piccioni (born 1953), Italian film director and screenwriter
* Marco Piccioni (born 1976), Italian footballer
* Oreste Piccioni (1915–2002), Italian-American physicist
* Piero Piccioni (1921–2004), Italian lawyer and film composer
# Phytoecia gianassoi

Phytoecia gianassoi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Sama in 2007 and later reclassified to the subgenus Coptosia within the genus Phytoecia.
# Phytoene

Phytoene (/ˈfaɪtoʊiːn/) is a 40-carbon intermediate in the biosynthesis of carotenoids. The synthesis of phytoene is the first committed step in the synthesis of carotenoids in plants. Phytoene is produced from two molecules of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) by the action of the enzyme phytoene synthase. The two GGPP molecules are condensed together followed by removal of diphosphate and proton shift leading to the formation of phytoene.
Dietary phytoene and phytofluene are found in a number of human tissues including the liver, lung, breast, prostate, colon, and skin. Accumulation of these carotenoids in the skin may protect the skin by several mechanisms: acting as UV absorbers, as antioxidants, and as anti-inflammatory agents.

## Structure

Phytoene is a symmetric molecule containing three conjugated double bonds. Phytoene has a UV-Vis absorption spectrum typical for a triply conjugated system with its main absorption maximum in the UVB range at 286 nm and with ε1% of 915.

## Sources

Analysis of several fruits and vegetables showed that phytoene and phytofluene are found in majority of fruits and vegetables. In contrast to all other carotenoids, phytoene and phytofluene, the first carotenoid precursors in the biosynthetic pathway of other carotenoids, absorb light in the UV range.

## History

The structure of phytoene was established and proven by total synthesis, by the Basil Weedon group in 1966.
# Phytoecia varentzovi

Phytoecia varentzovi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Semenov in 1896.
# Pile cap

A pile cap is a thick concrete mat that rests on concrete or timber piles that have been driven into soft or unstable ground to provide a suitable stable foundation. It usually forms part of the deep foundation of a building, typically a multi-story building, structure or support base for heavy equipment, or of a bridge. The cast concrete pile cap distributes the load of the building into the piles. A similar structure to a pile cap is a "raft", which is a concrete foundation floor resting directly onto soft soil which may be liable to subsidence.

## Construction

The mat is made of concrete which is an aggregate of small rocks and cement. This mixture has to be supported by a framework to avoid sagging and fracture while setting. This process is known as shuttering and reinforcing. The materials used are long steel bars with longitudinal protrusions between the piles held in shape by thinner tie wires. Once this steel mat is laid, timber is attached around the perimeter to contain the wet concrete mixture. Once poured, (usually as a series of small loads), the concrete is stirred to remove any air pockets that might weaken the structure when set. The concrete undergoes a chemical change as it hardens and this produces a lot of heat. Sometimes, if the mass of concrete is very large, pipes carrying refrigerant coolant are used in the mass to assist the setting process to prevent the concrete from cracking.
# Pietrek

Pietrek is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Anja-Nadin Pietrek (born 1979), German volleyball player
* Matt Pietrek (born 1966), American computer scientist and writer
# Pierre Jean François Turpin

Pierre Jean François Turpin (11 March 1775, Vire – 1 May 1840) was a French botanist and illustrator. He is considered one of the greatest floral and botanical illustrators during the Napoleonic Era and afterwards. As an artist, Turpin was largely self-taught.
In 1794 he was stationed in Haiti as a member of the French Army. Here he met botanist Pierre Antoine Poiteau (1766-1854), through whom, Turpin learned botany, and in the meantime, created numerous botanical field drawings that were to become a basis of further study when the two men returned to France. In regard to their work in Haiti, they were able to describe approximately 800 species of plants. Turpin would have a working relationship with Poiteau throughout his career.
Through his collaboration with Poiteau and other naturalists, Turpin created some of the finest watercolors and illustrations of plants that are known to exist. The following are some of the works making use of Turpin's illustrations:
* Augustin Saint-Hilaire's Flora Brasiliae Meridionalis in three volumes (1825–1832)
* Jules Paul Benjamin Delessert's (1773-1847) Icones selectae plantarum.
* With Pierre Poiteau, he produced an updated version of Henri Louis Duhamel du Monceau's (1700-1782) Traité des arbres fruitiers (treatise on fruit trees).
* Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) and Aimé Bonpland's (1773-1858) Plantes Equinoxales (1808).
* Jean Louis Marie Poiret's (1755-1834) Leçons de flore: Cours complet de botanique (1819-1820).
* François-Pierre Chaumeton's (1775-1819) Flore médicale (1828-1832).
In 1833 he was elected as a member to the Académie des sciences. The plant genus Turpinia is named in his honour.
# Pietro Lucatelli

Pietro Lucatelli (c. 1630-after 1690) was an Italian painter active during the Baroque period in Rome. He was born near Rome. He was a pupil of Ciro Ferri and Pietro da Cortona, and his pictures in the church of Sant' Agostino and the Palazzo Colonna show boldness and freedom of coloring. At Siena he painted a Beato Galgano for the church of San Francesco, and an Assumption for the hospital of Santa Maria della Scala. He was living in 1690, and died destitute and poor in Rome.
Pietro Locatelli, an alternative name, is also the name of a famous violinist.
# Pieter Tanjé

Pieter Tanjé (1706–1761) was an 18th-century engraver from the Dutch Republic.

## Biography

Tanjé was born in Bolsward. According to the RKD he was a shipmate for the shipping service between Bolsward and Amsterdam who engraved designs for snuff boxes in his free time. He was so successful with his snuff boxes that Jacob Folkema encouraged him to enroll at the Amsterdam Stadsacademie, which he did at the age of 24 and became the pupil of Bernard Picart, Jacob Houbraken, Cornelis Troost, and Jacob de Wit. He engraved over 100 plates for Johan van Gool's book of artist biographies called Nieuw Schouburg in 1750, working mostly from portrait sketches by Aart Schouman. He died in Amsterdam.
# Pigeonberry ash

Pigeonberry ash is a common name for several flowering plants, in different families and orders from each other and from true ash trees, and may refer to:
* Cryptocarya erythroxylon
* Elaeocarpus kirtonii