OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paul Rinaldi

Paul Rinaldi is a visual artist whose work has been included in numerous exhibitions in the United States, the Middle East, and Europe. From 1991 through 1998 he lived in Egypt and taught art at the American University in Cairo. In 1986, Rinaldi was awarded the Silvermine Guild Prize for Painting in the Art of the Northeast USA exhibition juried by Linda Shearer, Curator of Contemporary Art at New York's Museum of Modern Art.

## Early life and education

Rinaldi attended the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. He received his Master of Fine Arts degree in 1988 from the Brooklyn College of the City University of New York.
# Pedra de Itapuca

Pedra de Itapuca is a rock formation that is located between Praia de Icaraí, in the neighborhood of Icaraí and Praia das Flechas, in the neighborhood of Ingá, in the municipality of Niterói, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is one of the symbols of the city of Niterói. The waters around it are a traditional surfing spot in the city.

## Etymology

"Itapuca" is a term of Tupi origin, meaning "cleft stone", through the junction of the terms itá (stone) and puca (cleft). The name is a reference to the old shape of Pedra de Itapuca, before it was imploded, in 1840, for the street of the region.
The stone formed a natural arc with the mainland, hence its Tupi name meaning "split stone". With the implosion, the arch was undone, leaving it, currently, only a rocky pillar in the sea, a few meters from the mainland.
# Inavale, Nebraska

Inavale is a census-designated place in western Webster County, Nebraska, United States.

## Description

The community lies along U.S. Route 136, west of the city of Red Cloud, the county seat of Webster County. Its elevation is 1,736 feet (529 m).
A post office was established at Invale in 1873, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1994. Inavale retains the ZIP code of 68952. The town's name is descriptive, from its setting in a vale.
# Lutheran antigen system

The Lutheran antigen systems is a classification of human blood based on the presence of substances called Lutheran antigens on the surfaces of red blood cells. There are 19 known Lutheran antigens. The name Lutheran stems from a blood donor's misspelled last name, reportedly named Lutteran or Lutheran. All of these antigens arise from variations in a gene called BCAM (basal cell adhesion molecule). The system is based on the expression of two codominant alleles, designated Lua and Lub. The antigens Aua and Aub, known as the Auberger antigens, were once thought to make up a separate blood group but were later shown to be Lutheran antigens arising from variations in the BCAM gene.
The phenotypes Lu(a+b−) and Lu(a+b+) are found at various frequencies within populations. The Lu(a−b+) phenotype is the most common in all populations, whereas the Lu(a−b−) phenotype is uncommon. Though present in the fetus, it is seldom the cause of erythroblastosis fetalis or of transfusion reactions.
# SCHS

SCHS may refer to:

## Schools

* South Central High School (disambiguation)

### Australia

* San Clemente High School (Mayfield, New South Wales), Australia
* Suzanne Cory High School, Werribee, Victoria, Australia

### Canada

* South Carleton High School, Richmond, Ontario
* Springbank Community High School, Springbank, Alberta, Canada
* Steinbach Christian School, Steinbach, Manitoba, Canada
* Sturgeon Composite High School, Sturgeon County, Alberta, Canada

### England

* School of Health Sciences, City University London, City University, London
* South Charnwood High School, Leicester, England
* Standish Community High School, Standish, England
* Streatham and Clapham High School, South London

### Malaysia

* Sabah Chinese High School, Sabah, Malaysia

### United States

* Santa Clara High School (Oxnard, California)
* Santa Clara High School (Santa Clara, California)
* San Clemente High School
* Santa Cruz High School, Santa Cruz, California
* Steele Canyon High School, Spring Valley, California
* Sussex Central High School (Delaware), Georgetown, Delaware
* Summer Creek High School, Houston, Texas
* South Cobb High School, Austell, Georgia
* Scott County High School, Kentucky
* Sheldon Clark High School, near Inez, Kentucky
* South Carroll High School, Sykesville, Maryland
* South Christian High School, near Grand Rapids, Michigan
* Stoney Creek High School, Rochester, Michigan
* St. Charles High School (Minnesota), St. Charles, Minnesota
* South Caldwell High School, Hudson, North Carolina
* Shadow Creek High School, Pearland, Texas
* Stewarts Creek High School, Smyrna, Tennessee
* Snow Canyon High School (Utah), St. George, Utah
* South County High School (Fairfax County, Virginia), Lorton, Virginia
* Shorecrest High School, Shoreline, Washington
* St. Clair High School (Missouri), St. Clair, Missouri
* St. Cloud High School, Saint Cloud, Florida

## Other uses

* Sandwich Class Housing Scheme, a Hong Kong program offering apartments to middle-income families
* St. Charles Health System, Bend, Oregon
* South Carolina Historical Society, Charleston, South Carolina
# Tyssestrengene

Tyssestrengene are waterfalls east of the village of Tyssedal in Ullensvang Municipality, in Vestland county, Norway. The waterfalls are fed by the Tysso River before flowing down into the lake Ringedalsvatnet. The Trolltunga cliff is located near the waterfalls.
The total drop is 646 metres (2,119 ft), while the tallest single drop is 312 metres (1,024 ft). Following their incorporation in the Norwegian Hydroelectric Power Authority, their water flow is diminished to such a point that only after heavy snow melts is there any flow of substance. Most of the year there is no water flowing. However, they are amongst the highest waterfalls in the world and, according to Statistics Norway, the tallest single drop in Norway.
# Tystberga

Tystberga (local pronunciation Tystbärja) is a locality situated in Nyköping Municipality, Södermanland County, Sweden with 828 inhabitants as of 2010.

## Elections

Tystberga is the seat of the namesake electoral ward.

### Riksdag

| Year | % | Votes | V | S | MP | C | L | KD | M | SD | ND | Other |
| 1973 | 92.9 | 1,117 | 2.6 | 40.6 | | 38.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 10.8 | | | 0.3 |
| 1976 | 91.8 | 1,315 | 1.2 | 39.8 | | 38.8 | 5.9 | 1.6 | 12.4 | | | 0.3 |
| 1979 | 91.5 | 1,331 | 3.7 | 40.7 | | 33.1 | 5.4 | 1.7 | 15.0 | | | 0.5 |
| 1982 | 91.8 | 1,291 | 3.2 | 40.8 | 1.2 | 30.1 | 3.8 | 2.3 | 18.6 | | | 0.1 |
| 1985 | 90.1 | 1,231 | 2.5 | 41.3 | 1.8 | 27.3 | 9.7 | | 17.2 | | | 0.1 |
| 1988 | 87.3 | 1,201 | 4.7 | 38.8 | 7.3 | 23.8 | 8.4 | 3.7 | 13.1 | | | 0.2 |
| 1991 | 87.6 | 1,358 | 3.2 | 33.6 | 3.4 | 18.6 | 6.7 | 8.2 | 16.1 | | 9.7 | 0.6 |
| 1994 | 88.2 | 1,406 | 5.0 | 41.0 | 5.3 | 16.6 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 17.6 | | 0.9 | 1.7 |
| 1998 | 82.3 | 1,325 | 11.7 | 33.4 | 5.8 | 11.2 | 3.0 | 16.1 | 17.7 | | | 1.1 |
| 2002 | 80.1 | 1,332 | 8.0 | 38.1 | 5.5 | 13.2 | 10.6 | 10.1 | 13.4 | 0.5 | | 0.6 |
| 2006 | 82.1 | 1,440 | 5.6 | 29.6 | 6.2 | 13.1 | 6.0 | 8.0 | 24.9 | 3.5 | | 3.2 |
| 2010 | 84.0 | 1,516 | 6.5 | 26.7 | 8.0 | 10.1 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 29.5 | 6.5 | | 1.7 |
| 2014 | 84.7 | 1,507 | 6.4 | 27.1 | 5.8 | 10.6 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 22.0 | 16.2 | | 4.7 |
| 2018 | 85.6 | 1,529 | 8.3 | 22.8 | 4.1 | 13.5 | 3.0 | 6.8 | 16.4 | 22.9 | | 2.2 |
# Typhoon Della (1968)

Typhoon Della, known in Japan as the 3rd Miyakojima Typhoon (第3宮古島台風, 3rd Miyakojima Taifū) and in the Philippines as Typhoon Maring, was a typhoon that struck Miyakojima of Ryukyu Islands and Kyūshū Island in September 1968.

## Meteorological history

Della passed near Miyakojima on September 22. After that, it proceeded along the Nansei Islands and landed near Kushikino City, Kagoshima Prefecture on the 24th.

## Impact

Significant typhoons with special names (from the Japan Meteorological Agency) :
| Name | Number | Japanese name |
| Ida | T4518 | Makurazaki Typhoon (枕崎台風) |
| Louise | T4523 | Akune Typhoon (阿久根台風) |
| Marie | T5415 | Tōya Maru Typhoon (洞爺丸台風) |
| Ida | T5822 | Kanogawa Typhoon (狩野川台風) |
| Sarah | T5914 | Miyakojima Typhoon (宮古島台風) |
| Vera | T5915 | Isewan Typhoon (伊勢湾台風) |
| Nancy | T6118 | 2nd Muroto Typhoon (第2室戸台風) |
| Cora | T6618 | 2nd Miyakojima Typhoon (第2宮古島台風) |
| Della | T6816 | 3rd Miyakojima Typhoon (第3宮古島台風) |
| Babe | T7709 | Okinoerabu Typhoon (沖永良部台風) |
| Faxai | T1915 | Reiwa 1 Bōsō Peninsula Typhoon (令和元年房総半島台風) |
| Hagibis | T1919 | Reiwa 1 East Japan Typhoon (令和元年東日本台風) |
Due to the typhoon, storms in Miyakojima caused major damage to homes and crops. In Kagoshima prefecture, the damage caused by salt wind and storm surge was great. On the Pacific side of western Japan, heavy rainfall caused flood damage.
The typhoon killed 11 people and injured 80 in Japan. In addition, more than 20,000 houses were damaged.
Della caused a great deal of damage to Miyakojima, so the Japan Meteorological Agency named Della the "3rd Miyakojima Typhoon".
In the past, Typhoon Sarah in 1959 and Typhoon Cora in 1966 struck Miyako Island as well, so they are named "Miyakojima Typhoon" and "2nd Miyakojima Typhoon", respectively.
# Pappataci fever

Pappataci fever (also known as phlebotomus fever and, somewhat confusingly, sandfly fever and three-day fever) is a vector-borne febrile arboviral infection caused by three serotypes of Phlebovirus. It occurs in subtropical regions of the Eastern Hemisphere. The name, pappataci fever, comes from the Italian word for sandfly; it is the union of the words pappa (usually this is used as a generic name for food, but in this case it is a verb meaning "eating") and taci (silent), distinguishing these insects from blood-feeding mosquitoes, which produce a typical noise while flying.

## Signs and symptoms

A few days after the infective bite, a feeling of lassitude, abdominal distress and chills develop followed by fever of 39 to 40 °C (102 to 104 °F), severe frontal headaches, muscle and joint aches, flushing of the face and a fast heart rate. After two days the fever begins to subside and the temperature returns to normal. Fatigue, a slow heart rate and low blood pressure may persist from a few days to several weeks but complete recovery is the rule.

## Cause

Three serotypes of Phlebovirus are known as the causative agents: Naples virus, Sicilian virus and Toscana virus.

## Diagnosis

Although commercial tests are not readily available, diagnosis can be confirmed by serology-based assays or quantitative PCR by laboratories that have developed assays to perform such identification.

## Prevention

Prevention of sandfly bites, and control of sandflies and their breeding grounds with insecticides are the principal methods for prevention. Mosquito nets may not be sufficient to prevent sandfly bites.

## Treatment

There is no specific treatment for the disease. Pain killers and fluid replacement may be useful.

## Epidemiology

Pappataci fever is prevalent in the subtropical zone of the Eastern Hemisphere between 20°N and 45°N, particularly in Southern Europe, North Africa, the Balkans, Eastern Mediterranean, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan and India.
The disease is transmitted by the bites of phlebotomine sandflies of the Genus Phlebotomus, in particular, Phlebotomus papatasi, Phlebotomus perniciosus and Phlebotomus perfiliewi. The sandfly becomes infected when biting an infected human in the period between 48 hours before the onset of fever and 24 hours after the end of the fever, and remains infected for its lifetime. Besides this horizontal virus transmission from man to sandfly, the virus can be transmitted in insects transovarially, from an infected female sandfly to its offspring.
Pappataci fever is seldom recognised in endemic populations because it is mixed with other febrile illnesses of childhood, but it is more well known among immigrants and military personnel from non-endemic regions.
# Pappenheim

Pappenheim is a town in the Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated on the river Altmühl, 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) south of Weißenburg in Bayern.

## History

Historically, Pappenheim was a statelet within the Holy Roman Empire. It was mediatised to Bavaria in 1806.
Counts of Pappenheim settled at the territory, particularly Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim.

## Sites

* Galluskirche
* Neues Schloss (built by Leo von Klenze after the mediatisation of the Pappenheim state; not open to the public)
* Altes Schloss

## Notable people

The architect and professor Eduard Mezger (1807–1894) was born in Pappenheim.
Else Pappenheim (1911–2009) and her father Martin Pappenheim (1881–1943), both were famous psychoanalysts.
# UPAY

UPAY (उपाय) or Under Privileged Advancement by Youth is a non-governmental organization which works towards the provision of quality education to the underprivileged children in India. It was founded by Varun Shrivastava, an IIT Kharagpur-graduate and NTPC Ltd Engineer, with the help of his colleagues on 12 May 2010 to make quality education available at the remote villages of India. It was registered as an NGO on 19 September 2011.

## History

UPAY (Underprivileged Advancement by Youth), was founded on 20 May 2010 by a group of young engineers from IITs and NITs working at NTPC Ltd in a small village called Kumbhari in the outskirts of Nagpur. It has been registered as an NGO under the Society Registration Act, 1860 and Mumbai Public Trust Act, 1950 (Reg No. Maharashtra/268/2011/Bhandara). Its main aim is to provide opportunities to underprivileged children. Since its inception, a large number of educated youth has joined this movement and has been spreading it across the country. Its members include teachers, doctors, engineers, lawyers, students, housewives, retired persons and other working professionals.

## Projects
### Reach & Teach

UPAY was established to provide a SOLUTION to the everlasting problem of rural education. It is working on developing a sustainable process of imparting knowledge to these underprivileged children. Right now, it has 17 centers having 1300 children.

### Footpath Shala

In cities like Nagpur, Pune, Gurgaon and Mumbai people living on the footpath are doing some unskilled labor or literally begging for their bread & butter are some of them. There are people in the society who don’t have any planning for their future, who are struggling against poverty, malnutrition, unhealthiness, family planning. UPAY has taken initiative to replace begging bowls with books for street children in 9 centers with 350 street children enrolled at footpathshala. 20% street children are enrolled in schools. It is an open pathshala, similar to Rabindranath Tagore`s concept of open schools. Classes are being taken by UPAY volunteers at Footpath only.

### Sabkasaamaan.com

Apart from educating the children, UPAY is also working on how to make these underprivileged areas economically independent. UPAY is targeting to tap the local skills and plans to develop small scale industries. Besides seasonal agricultural income, villagers should have perineal source of income and development. For this, a small development is introduction of an online portal,"sabkasaamaan.com". On this the local products developed by the villagers are available for sale. So that apart from the weekly village markets and limited customer base now their produce are getting exposure to a wide network.

### Granth on Rath

GRANTH ON RATH is a mobile library for recycling the old books to the Under-privileged students from affluent students and bridge the rural urban divide.
Books are provided to the under privileged students at a very nominal rent.

## Awards and recognition

LOKMATA SAMAJIK SANSTHA PURASKAR by LOKMATA SUMATITAI SMRUTI PRATISHTHAN, November 2017
# UBE3C

Ubiquitin-protein ligase E3C is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the UBE3C gene.
# Paraskevas

Paraskevas is a Greek name, see:
* Paraskevas (given name)
* Paraskevas (surname)
# Pardot

Pardot is a marketing automation company founded by David Cummings and Adam Blitzer in 2007. Acquired by ExactTarget in 2012 for $100 million dollars and then by Salesforce in 2013.
# Pardoși

Pardoși is a commune in Buzău County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Chiperu, Costomiru, Pardoși, Valea lui Lalu and Valea Șchiopului.
# UFC on ABC: Ortega vs. Rodríguez

UFC on ABC: Ortega vs. Rodríguez (also known as UFC on ABC 3) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on July 16, 2022, at UBS Arena in Elmont, New York in the United States.

## Background

A featherweight bout between former UFC Featherweight Championship challenger Brian Ortega and The Ultimate Fighter: Latin America featherweight winner Yair Rodríguez headlined the event.
A flyweight bout between former UFC Flyweight Championship challenger Alex Perez and Askar Askarov was expected to take place at the event. The pair was previously scheduled to meet at UFC on ESPN: Hall vs. Strickland in July 2021, but Askarov pulled out citing injury. Askarov pulled out once again in early June due to undisclosed reasons and Perez was rescheduled against Alexandre Pantoja at UFC 277.
A women’s strawweight bout between former UFC Women's Strawweight Championship challenger and inaugural Invicta FC Atomweight Champion Jessica Penne and former Invicta FC Strawweight Champion Brianna Fortino was expected to take place at the event. However, Fortino withdrew in early June for unknown reasons and was replaced by another former Invicta FC Strawweight Champion in Emily Ducote.
A women's flyweight bout between former Strikeforce and UFC Women's Bantamweight Champion Miesha Tate and former Invicta FC Bantamweight Champion (also former UFC Women's Flyweight Championship challenger) Lauren Murphy was originally expected for UFC on ESPN: Błachowicz vs. Rakić but was then shifted to UFC 276 for unknown reasons. In turn, a week before that event, Murphy pulled out after she tested positive for COVID-19. They were then rescheduled for this event.
A couple of featherweight bouts featuring Bill Algeo vs. Billy Quarantillo and Herbert Burns vs. Khusein Askhabov were scheduled for this event. However, after both Quarantillo and Askhabov pulled out due to injury, Burns and Algeo were booked against each other.
Philip Rowe and Abubakar Nurmagomedov were expected to meet in a welterweight contest. However, the pairing was cancelled due to complications on both sides. Rowe has been forced to withdraw due to an injury, while Nurmagomedov pulled out due to alleged visa issues which restricted his travel.

## Bonus awards

The following fighters received $50,000 bonuses.
* Fight of the Night: Matt Schnell vs. Su Mudaerji
* Performance of the Night: Amanda Lemos, Li Jingliang, Punahele Soriano, Ricky Simón, Bill Algeo, and Dustin Jacoby
# USCGC Dexter (1925)

USCGC Dexter, was a steel-hulled patrol boat of the United States Coast Guard in commission from 1925 to 1936. She was the third ship of the United States Revenue Cutter Service and United States Coast Guard to bear the name.
Dexter was built by the Defoe Boat and Motor Works at Bay City, Michigan. She was commissioned into the Coast Guard in 1925.
Dexter was stationed at Boston, Massachusetts, from 1925 until 1927. She was then transferred to Pascagoula, Mississippi late in 1927. By 1935 she had been transferred to Buffalo, New York.
Dexter was decommissioned in 1936. She was then transferred to the United States Navy.
On June 19, 2010 Dexter (known as Buccaneer) was sunk in Lake Michigan as an artificial reef.
Dexter is also a ship of some historical significance. During her tenure as a revenue cutter she sank the Canadian rum running sloop I'm Alone in the Gulf of Mexico, in 1929. While I'm Alone had allegedly been sighted within U.S. territorial waters, the actual sinking occurred in international waters, 200 miles out in the Gulf of Mexico. One crew member from the sloop was killed during the sinking, he was a French national. This created quite an international incident involving Canada, Britain and France. The resulting lawsuit was settled in 1936.
After being stricken from the U.S. Coast Guard rolls in 1936, the Dexter was turned over to the U.S. Navy, in Buffalo New York, and renamed YP-63. She saw action during World War II patrolling in the Caribbean, based out of Trinidad, on the Atlantic Sea Frontier. She is officially cited in the "Chronology of the U.S. Navy in World War II". On June 16, 1942, YP-63 (ex-USCGC Dexter) and the coastal yacht Opal rescued 91 survivors from three successive merchant ships sunk by the German U boats: U-126, U-161 and U-502.
After the war she was acquired by various private interests. She saw service as a recreational fishing vessel off Boston, an oil drilling services vessel off Louisiana and finally ended up in Chicago, as a pirate themed party boat. It is ironic that this vessel, originally created to enforce prohibition, became the MV Buccaneer, dedicated to providing quantities of booze to her willing customers.
For three years Buccaneer was at a marina on the Little Calumet River being prepared for sinking in Lake Michigan as a dive attraction. She was finally sunk in Lake Michigan on June 18, 2010. She now rests as an artificial reef in 74 ft. of water about eight miles off the coast of Chicago.
# UMAP

UMAP may refer to:
* Military Units to Aid Production
* University Mobility in Asia and the Pacific
* Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection
# UMAA

UMAA may refer to:
* University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, a public university in Ann Arbor, Michigan
* Universal Muslim Association of America, a 501(c)(3) organization incorporated in Lutherville, Maryland
# USC de Bananier

Union Sportive et Culturelle de Bananier, (English: Sports and Cultural Union of Bananier or other wise known as U.S.C. de Bananier is a Guadeloupean football club based in Capesterre-Belle-Eau. The club plays in the Guadeloupe Division of Honor, the top tier of football in Guadeloupe.
# USS Minneapolis–Saint Paul (SSN-708)

USS Minneapolis–Saint Paul (SSN-708), a Los Angeles-class submarine, was the first vessel of the United States Navy to be named for the metropolitan area of Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota, although each city had been honored twice before. The contract to build her was awarded to the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics Corporation in Groton, Connecticut on 31 October 1973 and her keel was laid down on 20 January 1981. She was launched on 19 March 1983 sponsored by Mrs. Penny Durenberger (wife of Senator David Durenberger), and commissioned on 10 March 1984, with Commander Ralph Schlichter in command.
While Minneapolis–Saint Paul was the first vessel named for the Twin Cities as a whole, she is the third ship to be named for Minneapolis as well as the third to be named for Saint Paul. The previous Saint Paul, was the last big-gun heavy cruiser in the United States Navy, and held the distinction of having fired World War II's final (naval) shots.

## History

Minneapolis–Saint Paul took part in Operation Desert Shield and the Gulf War and was the first submarine to carry Tomahawk missiles specifically designated for use in strikes against Iraq during the Gulf War.
Four crew members were washed overboard by heavy waves on 29 December 2006 in Plymouth Sound, England, as the ship was exiting HMNB Devonport on the surface following a port call. This resulted in the deaths of Senior Chief Petty Officer Thomas Higgins (Chief of the Boat) and Sonar Technician (Submarines) 2nd Class Michael Holtz. After the preliminary investigation, Commander Edwin Ruff, the commanding officer, received a punitive letter of reprimand and was relieved of command.
Minneapolis–Saint Paul conducted inter-fleet transfer from Norfolk, Virginia, to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Washington, in July 2007 for decommissioning. Custody of Minneapolis-Saint Paul was transferred to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in August 2008. In 2022, the submarine's sail and rudder were shipped to Minnesota and are undergoing restoration at the Minnesota Military Museum for display at their new facility in 2025.