OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# San Millán de la Cogolla

San Millán de la Cogolla (Spanish pronunciation:) is a sparsely populated municipality in La Rioja, (Spain). The village is famous for its twin monasteries, Yuso and Suso (Monasterio de San Millán de Yuso and Monasterio de San Millán de Suso), which were declared a World Heritage Site in 1997. There were 293 inhabitants registered in 2009, the population having fallen significantly during the twentieth century.

## Etymology and local languages

In a papal bull from 1199 where Privileges were granted to the monasteries of San Millán de la Cogolla it appears with the name Coculla, which comes from the Latin word cuculla, small hill, hilltop; this word is typically used for high sites and those of defensive nature, coming from the times of the Reconquista. The other part of the name is taken from a 6th-century saint (Saint Emilianus or San Millán) who lived here.
San Millán has a claim to being the birthplace of the Spanish language. This claim is based on its monasteries being the home of a medieval manuscript which contains the Glosas Emilianenses, and is reinforced by the proximity of the village to Berceo which is associated with Gonzalo de Berceo, the first Spanish poet known by name.
The area is now Spanish-speaking, but some of the local place-names are of Basque origin, and the Glosas Emilianenses, provides evidence that in medieval times Basque was spoken alongside an early form of Spanish.

## History

In medieval times the monastery had a large estate. and benefited from being on one of the variants of the Camino de Santiago.
The monastery and the surrounding area suffered in the civil war between Peter of Castile and Henry II of Castile which involved a major confrontation nearby, the Battle of Nájera (April 1371). Those affected included the small Jewish community (aljama) of San Millán. In 1369 Henry II of Castile made an order in their favour, "the Christian men and women and the Moorish men and women" should immediately discharge all their debts to the Jews, "that the last-named might be able to pay their taxes the more promptly." On September 10, 1371, however, the king released the abbot and all the monks of San Millán from whatever debts they had contracted with the Jews since the Battle of Nájera.

## Politics

List of mayors since the democratic elections of 1979 :
| Term | Mayor | Political Party |
| 1979–1983 | Santiago Lerena Alesanco | UCD |
| 1983–1987 | Santiago Lerena Alesanco | AP |
| 1987–1991 | Millán Ángel Baltanás Lorenzo | PSOE |
| 1991–1995 | Millán Ángel Baltanás Lorenzo | PSOE |
| 1995–1999 | Eladio Cañas Ureta | PR |
| 1999–2003 | Eladio Cañas Ureta | PP |
| 2003–2007 | Eladio Cañas Ureta | PP |
| 2007–2011 | María Pilar Mendoza Martínez | PSOE |
| 2011–2015 | María Pilar Mendoza Martínez | PSOE |
| 2015–2019 | Raquel Fernández Tejerina | PP |
| 2019–2023 | n/d | n/d |
| 2023– | n/d | n/d |

## Notable people

* Juan de San Millán
* Antonio Segura
* María de la O Lejárraga
* Leandro Nieto Bolandier
* Joaquín Peña
* Tarsicio Lejárraga
# Weffer

Weffer is a Venezuelan surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Victor Cruz Weffer, commander-in-chief of the Venezuelan army
* Jaramit Weffer (born 1985), Venezuelan freestyle wrestler
# The Heavy (album)

The Heavy is the second album by American post-grunge band U.P.O. Released on March 9, 2004, it marks the band's return from a two-year hiatus and departure from Epic Records. As common among sophomore independent albums, The Heavy could not repeat the success of U.P.O.'s major label debut, No Pleasantries. It was made available on iTunes on September 22, 2004.
The album's cover art features a man sporting ragged clothing and straw engorging much of his head. This image is reminiscent of the artwork featured on No Pleasantries and may be intended as a direct reference. The cover's Parental Advisory label also has the word "mental" roughly etched in place of "parental."

## Promotion and touring

The song "Free" became the album's single and started gaining national radio support by February 2004. The following month, a music video, U.P.O.'s first, was produced by A Band Apart director Tom Gatsoulis.
U.P.O. embarked on The Heavy Tour beginning April 20 with an East Coast schedule. The tour carried on across the country into late 2004. After an October concert that same year, guitarist Chris Weber suffered a seizure before being rushed to a hospital. It was soon revealed that he had a meningioma brain tumor; Weber successfully underwent surgery on November 17. The rest of the band briefly performed without him into November before taking a break.

## Song appearances

The tracks "Now You Want Me" and "It's Alright" were featured in ESPN's "a race for the cup" for the Stanley Cup Finals. The latter was also included on UFC: Ultimate Beat Downs, Vol. 1. "The Underground" was featured on the Ozzfest Doggy Bag sampler.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Shawn Albro; all music is composed by Shawn Albro and Chris Weber

## Singles

* "Free" (2004)

## Personnel
### U.P.O.

* Shawn Albro - vocals
* Chris Weber - guitar
* Benjamin Shirley - bass guitar
* Tommy Holt - drums and percussion

### Additional personnel

* Rick Parashar - producer
* Joey Moi - Engineer
* Tim Palmer - Mixer
# Morgan Phillips (priest)

Morgan Phillips (also Philipps or Philippes) (died 1570) was a Welsh Roman Catholic priest and a benefactor of Douai College.

## Life

Born in Monmouthshire, Phillips entered the University of Oxford in 1533, graduating B.A. on 18 February 1538; he was elected a fellow of Oriel College on 17 April 1538. He commenced M.A. on 27 March 1542, was afterwards ordained priest, and later proceeded B.D.
In 1543 Phillips was presented to the rectory of Kiddington, Oxfordshire, and on 5 February 1546 was appointed principal of St Mary Hall, Oxford. He was one of the three prominent Catholics who, in 1549, took part in a public disputation against Pietro Martire Vermigli in the divinity hall of the university, with William Tresham and William Chedsey. In the same year he obtained the vicarage of St Winnoc, Pembrokeshire.
In 1550 Phillips resigned the post of principal of St Mary Hall, and soon after the accession of Queen Mary, in 1553, he became precentor of St David's Cathedral. After his absence from Oriel College for a longer time than was allowed, his fellowship was declared vacant on 20 December 1554.
Declining to accept the religious changes of the reign of Elizabeth I, Phillips left for the continent and settled at Leuven. Soon afterwards he visited Rome with William Allen and Jean Vendeville. On his return to Flanders he worked with Allen to establish an English seminary college at Douai; and he advanced the first sum of money for it. Owen Lewis, then at the University of Douai, joined them in a close group of friends.
Phillips died at Douai College on 18 August 1570. By his will he left to Allen all his property, which was used to enlarge the college. Under his name as author was republished in 1571 the Treatise of John Lesley on Mary, Queen of Scots.
# Pelobates fuscus

Pelobates fuscus is a species of toad in the family Pelobatidae, native to an area extending from Central Europe to Western Asia. It is commonly known as the common spadefoot, garlic toad, the common spadefoot toad and the European common spadefoot.
The common spadefoot grows to a length of approximately 6.5 centimetres (2.6 in) for males and 8 centimetres (3.1 in) for females. The skin colouration varies depending upon habitat, gender and region, but is usually light-grey to beige-brown on the dorsal surface. The skin is mottled by darker marks that differ between individuals. The belly is white, sometimes with grey mottling. Albino specimens have been observed.
Two subspecies are traditionally recognised: Pelobates fuscus fuscus (from central Europe) and Pelobates fuscus insubricus (from Northern Italy). In reality there is no physical or behavioural character allowing to distinguish these supposed subspecies. A recent study showed that there is no haplotype segregation for the populations of Northern Italy, that, therefore, are not to be ascribed to a different subspecies. Haplotypes from some Northern Italian valleys are very characteristic and support a different conception in terms of conservation: not for a different taxonomic position but, instead, for a peculiar differentiation. Populations from eastern Europe appear sufficiently different that they may warrant a separate species status (Pelobates vespertinus).
When alarmed, it emits a very loud call (alarm call) and it can exude a noxious secretion which smells like garlic, hence its common name.

## Locations

Pelobates fuscus are seen in the Posavina region. The first findings of tadpoles and the reproductive site of the common spadefoot toad in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In Croatia, this species is found along the Mura, Drava and Sava rivers. In Lombardy this species is widespread in the Ticino river in Parco naturale lombardo della Valle del Ticino.
# Parkkinen

Parkkinen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Keijo Parkkinen (born 1965), Finnish orienteering competitor
* Lassi Parkkinen (1917–1994), Finnish speed skater
* Sulo Parkkinen (1930–2013), Finnish footballer
# Quebec Route 219

Route 219 is a provincial highway located in the Montérégie region of Quebec south of Montreal. It starts at the Mooers-Hemmingford Border Crossing south of Hemmingford and ends in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu.
The highway starts at the border continuing from the former north terminus of NY 22 south of Hemmingford and north of Mooers, New York, from there it goes North through the Village and Township of Hemmingford toward Saint-Patrice-de-Sherrington. There it turns east for a 9 km concurrency with Route 221 until Napierville, where again it goes north alongside the L'Acadie River until reaching the former municipality of L'Acadie, where it turns eastward toward its terminus at a junction with Autoroute 35 in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu.

## Municipalities along Route 219

* Hemmingford Township
* Hemmingford Village
* Saint-Patrice-de-Sherrington
* Saint-Cyprien-de-Napierville
* Napierville
* Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu
* Mooers border station, southern terminus of Route 219.
* Route 219 begins at Hemmingford border crossing.

## Major intersections

| RCM | Location | km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| Les Jardins-de-Napierville | Hemmingford | 0 | 0.0 | CR 34 to NY 22 – Moores | Southern terminus |
| Les Jardins-de-Napierville | Hemmingford | | | R-202 – Huntingdon, Lacolle | |
| Les Jardins-de-Napierville | Hemmingford | | | R-205 north – Sainte-Clotilde | Southern terminus of Route 205 |
| Les Jardins-de-Napierville | Saint-Patrice-de-Sherrington | | | R-221 north – Saint-Rémi | Begin/end concurrency with Route 221 |
| Les Jardins-de-Napierville | Saint-Cyprien-de-Napierville | | | A-15 – Montreal | Exit 21 (A-15) |
| Les Jardins-de-Napierville | Saint-Cyprien-de-Napierville | | | R-217 (Rang Saint-André) – Saint-Jacques-le-Mineur | |
| Les Jardins-de-Napierville | Napierville | | | R-221 south (Rue Saint-Jacques) – Saint-Rémi | Begin/end concurrency with Route 221 |
| Le Haut-Richelieu | Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu | 55 | 34 | A-35 / R-104 – Chambly, Montreal, | Exit 45 (A-35 / QC 104); northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi ||||||
# San Pedro Island

San Pedro Island is applied to several islands throughout the world, usually by Spanish explorers in honor of Saint Peter.
* Isla San Pedro, a private island off the southeastern shore of Chiloé Island, Chile
* San Pedro Nolasco Island, in the Gulf of California
* South Georgia Island, called San Pedro Island by the Argentine government
* Hinunangan, Southern Leyte, Philippines
# The Gap Scenic Reserve

The Gap Scenic Reserve is situated in the state of Victoria in south eastern Australia. It is a small reserve in isolated forest country beside the Bonang Highway. The reserve features tall eucalyptus trees and ferny gullies. Significant tree species include mountain grey gum, messmate and the shining gum. Threatened fauna includes powerful owls, tiger quolls and long-footed potoroos.
# List of ship commissionings in 1982

The list of ship commissionings in 1982 includes a chronological list of all ships commissioned in 1982.
| | Operator | Ship | Class and type | Pennant | Other notes |
| 16 January | United States Navy | USS Fahrion | Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate | FFG-22 | |
| 30 January | United States Navy | USS Boston | Los Angeles-class submarine | SSN-703 | |
| 6 March | Royal Australian Navy | HMAS Launceston | Fremantle-class patrol boat | FCPB 207 | |
| 13 March | United States Navy | USS Carl Vinson | Nimitz-class aircraft carrier | CVN-70 | |
| 24 March | Pakistan Navy | PNS Babur | County-class destroyer | | Purchase date from the Royal Navy of ex-HMS London |
| 6 April | Chilean Navy | Capitán Prat | County-class destroyer | | Purchase date from the Royal Navy of ex-HMS Norfolk |
| 17 April | United States Navy | USS Lewis B. Puller | Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate | FFG-23 | |
| 17 April | United States Navy | USS Stephen W. Groves | Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate | FFG-29 | |
| 15 May | United States Navy | USS Boone | Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate | FFG-28 | |
| 20 June | Royal Navy | HMS Illustrious | Invincible-class aircraft carrier | R06 | |
| 26 June | United States Navy | USS John L. Hall | Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate | FFG-32 | |
| 1 July | Royal Navy | HMS Liverpool | Type 42 destroyer | D92 | |
| 1 July | United States Navy | USS Baltimore | Los Angeles-class submarine | SSN-704 | |
| 7 August | United States Navy | USS Copeland | Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate | FFG-25 | |
| 11 September | United States Navy | USS Michigan | Ohio-class submarine | SSBN-727 | |
| 18 September | Hellenic Navy | Limnos | Elli-class frigate | F451 | |
| 9 October | United States Navy | USS Aubrey Fitch | Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate | FFG-34 | |
| 23 October | United States Navy | USS Stark | Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate | FFG-31 | |
| 13 November | Royal Australian Navy | HMAS Ipswich | Fremantle-class patrol boat | FCPB 209 | |
| 15 November | Royal Netherlands Navy | HNLMS Bloys van Treslong | Kortenaer-class frigate | F824 | |
| 27 November | United States Navy | USS Mahlon S. Tisdale | Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate | FFG-27 | |
| 16 December | Royal Navy | HMS Manchester | Type 42 destroyer | D95 | |
# The Heavy

The Heavy may refer to:
* The Heavy (album), the second album by American post-grungeband U.P.O.
* The Heavy (band), an indie rock band from Bath, England
* The Heavy (film), a 2010 thriller film
* The Heavy, a playable class from the video game mod Team Fortress
* The Heavy, a playable class from the video game Team Fortress 2
# Morgan Pearson

Morgan Cadwell Pearson (born September 22, 1993) is an American professional triathlete who won silver medals in the mixed relay at the 2020 and 2024 Summer Olympics.

## Early life

Raised in the New Vernon section of Harding Township, New Jersey, Pearson began running competitively as a student at Delbarton School. He is the son of former Valeant Pharmaceuticals CEO J. Michael Pearson.
Pearson competed in cross-country and track and field, and ran collegiately for the University of Colorado, where he was a seven-time All-American. He currently resides and trains in Boulder, Colorado.

## Career

He won a bronze medal at the 2021 World Triathlon Championship Series Yokohama and a silver at Leeds, which allowed him to qualify for the 2020 Summer Olympics.
At the Olympic Games Men's Triathlon, with the start moved to 6:30 a.m. because of heat, Morgan had to wait 15 seconds in the Penalty area for an infraction incurred at Transition 1. Morgan finished 42nd overall, 7 minutes 1 second behind the winner.
At the 2024 Olympic Games Men's Triathlon, Morgan finished 31st. At the mixed relay, he won a silver medal.
# Pietro Marchetti

Pietro Marchetti or Marchettis KOSM (1589 – 16 April 1673) was an Italian physician, anatomist and surgeon. According to the British historian of medicine Edward Withington, Marchetti was one the most important Italian surgeons of the seventeenth century.

## Biography

Pietro Marchetti was professor of anatomy at Padua, where he was born, and where he continued to teach from 1652 until 1669, when he was allowed to resign his chair to his son Antonio. In 1661, he also obtained the appointment to the first professorship of surgery, which he held along with that of anatomy.
Marchetti had an excellent knowledge of anatomy, and made important contributions to liver surgery, orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery and the treatment of gunshot wounds. For his merits, he was made knight of the Order of Saint Mark. Marchetti became famous both in Italy and abroad. Francis Willughby and John Ray attended his lectures during their stay in Padua in 1663-64.
At the age of 80, he retired altogether from the university. He died in April 1673. His two sons, Domenico and Antonio, were likewise both professors in their native university of Padua. A famed anatomist, Domenico Marchetti was a fervent supporter of Harvey's theory of blood circulation, and a fierce opponent of Riolan. In 1652 he demonstrated, in the presence of Thomas Bartholin, that liquid injected into the arteries emerged by the veins. Domenico Marchetti was the author of a good compendium of anatomy, according to the judgment of Haller, which went through several editions, under the title of "Anatomia, cui Responsiones ad Riolanum, Anatomicum Parisiensem, in ipsius animadversionibus contra Veslingium, additae sunt", Padua, 1652.

## Works

* "Anatomia", Venice, 1654.
* "Tendinis flexoris pollicis ab equo evulsi observatio", Padua 1658.
* "Sylloge Observationum Medico-chirurgicarum rariorum", Padua, 1664, several times reprinted, and translated into French and German. It contained fifty-three cases of some interest, and three tracts on ulcers, on fistulas of the urethra, and on spina ventosa.
# Pelobacteraceae

The "Pelobacteraceae" are a bacterial family in the order Desulfuromonadales. The species are anaerobic and have a fermentative metabolism.
# Lakshmanrao Inamdar

Lakshman Rao Madhav Rao Inamdar, (19 September 1917 – 1985) popularly known as Vakil Saheb, is the founder of Sahkar Bharti. He was one of the founding fathers of the RSS in Gujarat. He is credited with inducting Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi as an RSS balswayamsevak (junior cadet) and becoming Modi's political mentor.

## Inamdar and Narendra Modi

Inamdar is credited with shaping Narendra Modi's career in the RSS. When Modi became an RSS Pracharak, Inamdar was the Prant Pracharak of Gujarat. Modi and Inamdar are believed to have shared a special bond. According to Narendra Modi, Inamdar was the only person he has ever confided in on personal matters. Inamdar is also credited with persuading Modi to join a BA program in political science for which Inamdar procured the necessary study material.
Commenting on Modi's respect for Inamdar, Nilanjan Mukhopadhyay — author of a 2013 biography of Modi — says, "I haven't seen this kind of reverence in Modi for anyone, living or dead." Narendra Modi has co-written a 2001 published book, Setubandh, which is a biography of Inamdar. Modi's 2008 book Jyotipunj, on sixteen prominent RSS figures, also has a chapter on Inamdar. In Jyotipunj, Modi credited Inamdar with opening 150 RSS shakhas in 3–4 years—following the lifting of a 4-year ban on the RSS in 1952. Inamdar is also reportedly responsible for shaping Modi's views of relations between Hindus and Muslims.
# Roderick MacKenzie (British Army officer)

Roderick MacKenzie served as a British army officer in the First Highland Battalion of Foot. He appears to have been first remarked in the London Gazette on 18 January 1757, under Commandant Lieutenant Colonel Archibald Montgomery. It is unclear whether he "was badly wounded" in the capture of St. John's during the 1762 Battle of Signal Hill, as there were in the Gazette of 1757 three Captains and three Lieutenants with the same last name.

## Acadians removed from Nepisiguit

MacKenzie was commanding officer in charge of Fort Cumberland in 1761. As the Acadians in the Gulf of St. Lawrence had not ceased their attacks on British shipping, he was charged by Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia Jonathan Belcher with their removal. MacKenzie arrived at Nepisiguit with approximately 50 Highlanders on 29 October 1761, and did as he was ordered. The pregnant and the ill he did not remove, and he left a few able-bodied Acadians to help them.
# Quebec Route 226

Route 226 is a two-lane east/west highway in Quebec, Canada. Its western terminus is at the junction of Route 132 in Pierreville and its eastern terminus is in Sainte-Croix at the junction of Route 271.
Route 226 is an exclusively rural highway going through very small villages in the Chaudière-Appalaches and mostly in the Centre-du-Québec regions. The biggest village along the way is Saint-Édouard-de-Lotbinière, with 1,200 people.

## Municipalities along Route 226

* Pierreville
* Saint-Elphège
* La-Visitation-de-Yamaska
* Sainte-Monique
* Grand-Saint-Esprit
* Saint-Célestin (municipality)
* Saint-Célestin (village)
* Bécancour
* Sainte-Marie-de-Blandford
* Sainte-Sophie-de-Lévrard
* Fortierville
* Parisville
* Leclercville
* Saint-Édouard-de-Lotbinière
* Sainte-Croix
* Route 226 in Sainte-Gertrude.
* Bridge over Nicolet River in Sainte-Monique.
* Route 226 through Sainte-Marie-de-Blandford.
* Route 226 follows Principale street in Fortierville.
* Intersection with Route 265 in Parisville.
# Watan (film)

Watan (transl. Homeland) is a 1938 Indian costume drama film directed by Mehboob Khan. Produced by Sagar Films (Sagar Movietone), the film had story by Mehboob Khan and Wajahat Mirza. The cast of the film included Kumar (Syed Ali Hasan Zaidi), Bibbo (Ishrat Sultana), Maya Banerjee, Yakub Lala, Sitara Devi and Kayam Ali. The story set in Central Asia, based on the De-Cossackization policy, involving the Bolsheviks and Cossacks with the Cossacks fight for independence which was a symbolic reference to the independence from British rule in India at that time. It also incorporated a romantic triangle involving Kumar, Bibbo and Sitara Devi.
The cinematographer, as for most Sagar films, was Faredoon Irani. Following the successful music of Manmohan (1936), Sagar Movietone retained Anil Biswas as the in-house music director, scoring music for Watan along with other releases of the time from the studio.
Sitara Devi, who started her career as a child actress with Sagar Movietone working with Mehboob, got her first role as a leading lady with Watan. She was adjudged, and received the best actress award, from the Gohar Gold Medal Committee, an award committee instituted by actress Gohar.

## Plot

In a fictionalised setting somewhere in Central Asia, the tyrannical Russian Tsar is committing atrocities against the Cossacks. General Murad is sympathetic towards the Cossacks and is arrested for his treachery. He manages to escape and meets Gulnar. Together with the help of princess Nigar who falls in love with Murad, they plan a coup and are successful in routing the Tsar and his men.

## Cast

* Kumar as General Murad
* Bibbo as Princess Nigar
* Sitara Devi as Gulnar
* Maya Banerjee
* Yakub Lala
* Kayam Ali as Jabir
* Sankatha Prasad
* H. Siddiqui as the Russian Tsar
* Pande
* Mirza
* Ramchandra
* Agashe

## Songs

| # | Title | Singer |
| 1 | "Ham Dil Mein Soz-E-Ishq Ko Pinha Kiye Hue" | Sitara Devi |
| 2 | "Kyon Ham Ne Diya Dil" | Sitara Devi |
| 3 | "Jahan Tu Hai Wahin Mera Watan Hai" | Maya Banerjee |
| 4 | "Kis Liye Duniya Se Nafrat Ho Gayi" | Bibbo |
| 5 | "Main Taaron Ki Shahzadi Hun" | Maya Banerjee |
| 6 | "Phool Rahe Baki Na Chaman Mein" | |
| 7 | "Pyar Karne De Zara Aaj To Ji Bhar Ke Mujhe" | |
| 8 | "Ragge Jaan Se Khoon Uchhal Pade" | Bibbo, Anil Biswas |
| 9 | "Sab Jaaye Ko Saar Par Barsi" | Bibbo |
| 10 | "Saqiya, Saqiya Rang-e-Mehfil Kya Hua" | |