OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Halina Chrostowska

Halina Chrostowska (25 July 1929 – 22 April 1990), also known as Halina Chrostowska-Piotrowicz, was a Polish visual artist, graphic artist, printmaker, activist, educator, and illustrator.

## Biography

Halina Chrostowska was born on 25 July 1929 in Warsaw, Second Polish Republic (now Poland). She was the daughter of noted artist, Stanisław Ostoja-Chrostowski. Chrostowska studied painting and printmaking at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw (1946 to 1950) under Tadeusz Kulisiewicz [pl].
After graduation she taught at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw's faculty of graphic arts from 1950 to 1989. She found a printmaking studio in Warsaw in 1962, which remained open until 1989. Her early work was within the social realism movement, followed by a move towards more formal and technical work. She would combined various printing techniques, such as etchings combined with linocuts and woodcuts. Starting in 1968, she created colored prints, gradually blurring the boundaries between printmaking and painting.
She was a member of the Association of Polish Artists and Designers. Her artwork can be found in the museum collections at the Museum of Modern Art.

## Exhibitions

* 1955, International competition and exhibition organized during the 5th World Festival of Youth and Students (2nd prize and silver medal)
* 1959, 1st Biennale of Young Artists, Paris, France
* 1960, 2nd International Graphic Design Biennale, Tokyo (Ohara Museum Prize)
* 1961, 6th São Paulo Art Biennial, São Paulo, Brazil
* 1970, 2nd International Graphic Design Biennale, Florence Biennale, Florence (gold medal)
# Hallett (surname)

Hallett is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Andy Hallett (1975–2009), American actor
* Benjamin F. Hallett (1797–1862), was a Massachusetts lawyer, first chairman of the Democratic National Committee
* Cecil Hallett (1899–1994), British trade unionist
* Christine Hallett (born 1949), British social scientist and academic
* Erick Hallett (born 2000), American football player
* George Hallett (disambiguation), several people
* Harold Foster Hallett (1886–1966), British philosopher
* Heather Hallett (born 1949), retired English judge of the Court of Appeal
* Howard Hallett (1890–1970), Australian rugby league footballer
* Job H. Hallett (1855–1940) founded J. Hallett and Son, South Australian brickmakers
* John Hallett (1772–1794) sailor on HMS Bounty, accompanied Bligh after mutiny
* John Hallett (Australian politician) (1917–1999) Western Australian politician
* John Hallett (South Australian politician), (1804–1868) businessman pastoralist and landowner
* Judith P. Hallett, professor of Classics in the University of Maryland
* Kevin Hallett (1929–2021), Australian swimmer
* Macauley Hallett, English rugby league footballer
* Mark Hallett (artist) (born 1947), illustrator specializing in dinosaurs
* Mark Hallett (historian) (born 1965), art historian specializing in British art
* Moses Hallett (1834–1913), US federal judge
* Samuel Hallett (1827–1864), railroad developer
* Stanley Hallett (1930–1998), American urban planner
* Thomas Hallett, son of Job H. Hallett
# Hamengkubuwono VIII

Hamengkubuwono VIII (3 March 1880 – 22 October 1939), also spelled as Hamengkubuwana VIII, was the 8th sultan of Yogyakarta, reigning from 1921 until he died in 1939. During his reign, he carried out the rehabilitation of the Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat building, as well as several other structures. He was also one of the first to support Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan in the formation of the Muhammadiyah organization.

## Early life and education
### Early life

Hamengkubuwono VIII, born as Gusti Raden Mas Sujadi, was born on 3 March 1880. His father was the Sultan of Yogyakarta, Hamengkubuwono VII, while his mother was the first queen consort styled as Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Hemas or Her Highness Queen Hemas in English.

## Reign
### Infrastructure

During the leadership of Hamengkubuwono VIII, Yogyakarta experienced rapid progress in the fields of education and health. In the field of architecture, the sultan overhauled the current physical form of the palace.

### Culture

In the field of culture, several dances were created during his leadership, including the Srimpi dance. It was also at this time that the standardization of classical Yogyakarta-style dance standards began.

### Appointment of heir

In 1939, he recalled his son, Raden Mas Dorodjatun (later known as Hamengkubuwono IX), who was studying in the Netherlands. In Batavia, the Sultan handed over the kris of Kyai Ageng Joko Piturun to Gusti Raden Mas Dorojatun as a sign of royal succession, as well as a sign that it was Gusti Raden Mas Dorojatun who would later succeed as Sultan.

### Death and grave

He died on 22 October 1939, at Panti Rapih Hospital, Yogyakarta. He is buried in Astana Saptarengga, Pajimatan Imogiri.
# Hallieford, Virginia

Hallieford is an unincorporated community in Mathews County, Virginia, United States. Hallieford is 4 miles (6.4 km) north-northwest of Mathews. Hallieford has a post office with ZIP code 23068.
# Hallier

Hallier is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ernst Hallier (1831–1904), German botanist and mycologist
* Jean-Edern Hallier (1936–1997), French writer, critic and editor
* Johannes Gottfried Hallier (1868–1932), German botanist
* Lori Hallier (born 1959), Canadian film, stage and television actress
# Hamletsburg, Illinois

Hamletsburg, Illinois is an unincorporated community in Pope County, Illinois, United States.

## History

Hamletsburg was named for Hamlet Ferguson, an early settler (1814) and the first Pope county sheriff.
# Hamilton—Wentworth (provincial electoral district)

Hamilton—Wentworth was an electoral riding in Ontario, Canada. It was represented in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1934 to 1971.

## Members of Provincial Parliament

Hamilton—Wentworth :
| Assembly | Years | Member | Party |
| 19th | 1934–1937 | Thomas McQuesten | Liberal |
| 20th | 1937–1943 | Thomas McQuesten | Liberal |
| 21st | 1943–1945 | Frederick Wilson Warren | Co-operative Commonwealth |
| 22nd | 1945–1948 | Russell Kelly | Liberal |
| 23rd | 1948–1951 | Russell Kelly | Liberal |
| 24th | 1951–1955 | Ray Connell | Progressive Conservative |
| 25th | 1955–1959 | Ray Connell | Progressive Conservative |
| 26th | 1959–1963 | Ray Connell | Progressive Conservative |
| 27th | 1963–1967 | Ray Connell | Progressive Conservative |
| 28th | 1967–1971 | Ray Connell | Progressive Conservative |
| Sourced from the Ontario Legislative Assembly |||||
# Hand County Courthouse and Jail

The Hand County Courthouse and Jail, located at 415 W. First Ave. in Miller, South Dakota, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. The Art Deco courthouse was built in 1927.
The courthouse is 70 by 100 feet (21 m × 30 m) in plan and is 51 feet (16 m) tall (from first floor to roof).
The jail and residence is also built in Art Deco style, and was built in 1931 of Bedford stone. It is 71 by 49 feet (22 m × 15 m) in plan.
# Handa Cup Senior Masters

The Handa Cup Senior Masters was a men's senior (over 50) professional golf tournament named after Haruhisa Handa, held at the Ohmurasaki Golf Club, Namegawa, Saitama, Japan. It was held just once, in November 2010, and was won by Masahiro Kuramoto who finished 4 strokes ahead of the field. The total prize fund was ¥120,000,000 (€1,050,000) with the winner receiving ¥21,600,000 (€188,960). The event was co-sanctioned by the European Senior Tour and the PGA of Japan. Although played in 2010, it was part of the 2011 European Senior Tour season. Kuramoto was not a member of the European Senior Tour at the time and, although he later joined, the prize money was not included in his official earnings for the 2011 season.

## Winners

| Year | Tours | Winner | Score | To par | Margin of victory | Runners-up |
| 2010 | EST, JPNSEN | Masahiro Kuramoto | 271 | −17 | 4 strokes | Satoshi Higashi Frankie Miñoza Kiyoshi Murota |
# Hand of Fate (film)

Hand of Fate is a 2013 Gambian film which focuses on human rights issues. It provides insights into the situation of teenage girls who are given out to marriage by their parent without their consent or knowledge and how their education and future carriers are being affected along the way. The Children and Community Initiative for Development in partnership with the Mandingmorry Foundation for Performing Arts (MANFOPA) made this film possible.
The film was based on a 2009 book written by the Gambian playwright and theater director Janet Badjan Young. Ibrahim Ceesay produced and directed the film.

## Plot

The film is about a young girl who had her future taken away from her when she was forced to marry a man she did not love.

## Cast

* Mariama Colley
* John Charles Njie
* Cornelius Gomez
* Oley Saidykhan
* Suzy Joh
* Babette Mendy Jalllow

## Awards

Hand of Faith won the best indigenous film in Nolloywood and African Film Critics Awards (African Oscars) held in Washington, D.C., on the 14th of September 2013.
# Hanne Sandstad

Hanne Sandstad (born 1970) is a Norwegian orienteering competitor and World Champion.

## Career

At the 1991 World Orienteering Championships she won a silver medal in the relay, together with Heidi Arnesen, Ragnhild Bratberg and Ragnhild Bente Andersen. At the 1997 World Orienteering Championships she won silver medals in the short distance and the relay, and a bronze medal in the classic distance. She became World Champion in the relay in 1999, together with Birgitte Husebye, Elisabeth Ingvaldsen and Hanne Staff.
She was awarded the Kongepokal (King's Cup) trophy at the national championships twice, in 1995 and 1997.
She represented the sports club NTHI.
# Hanne Sigbjørnsen

Hanne Monge Sigbjørnsen (born 8 December 1989) is a Norwegian cartoonist, blogger and nurse under the pseudonym "Tegnehanne". Her Tegnehanne blog has received acclaim by media outlets and awards.

## Works

Sigbjørnsen started her blog in 2010. She created her blog following her move from Bryne to Oslo. Her blog features comic strips about the character Tegnehanne in events mainly inspired by real-life. One example originated from a moment in 2009 when Sigbjørnsen was working in a part-time job at a Peppes Pizza in Bryne and was scolded by a customer unhappy with her coffee. She chose to study nursing instead of animation, her other considered option. Her character was also given a nursing career following Sigbjørnsen's completed nursing study. Her blog's genre was described by the website Sykepleien as a cross between a comic and a blog. The majority of readers are females ages 20–30. She also created the comic H&M that was published online and on the publications Sandnesposten, Dagbladet, and Inside.
The Tegnehanne comic strips were first printed for the Spirit magazine and have been included in Aftenposten online since 2013. In 2015, a book consisting of old and new strips was published by Egmont.
She illustrated the Verdens kuleste gjeng (The World's Coolest Kids) books by Maja Lunde.

## Awards and honours

Sigbjørnsen's blog was named as blog of the year in the Vixen Blog Awards 2011. In 2012, she was honoured by Nettavisen's Side2 publication to have "Norway's most beloved blog." Siri Narverud Moen, a comic reviewer for NRK, noted the blog's coverage of "life's trivialities" and that they "constantly touch on important issues of life and death" while reviewing the original book. Moen also praised the humour of the blog and its reflection to the truth. Sigbjørnsen was given the Pondus award in 2015, the first woman to do so.
# Hans Christian Ondrup

Hans Christian Ondrup (1751-1814), usually referred to as H.C. Ondrup, was a Danish master builder, stucco artist and porcelain painter. He constructed a number of buildings in Copenhagen in the 1780s and 1800s, most of which have now been listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places.

## Biography

Ondrup was born in Copenhagen. He worked as a porcelain painter at the Royal Porcelain Manufactury in 1667 and completed an apprenticeship as a stucco artist in 1779. He became a member of the Masons' Guild in 1783 and became a master mason in 1789.

## Selected buildings

Ondrup has constructed the following buildings in Copenhagen:
* Dronningens Tværgade 5, Copenhagen (1793-1794, with A. Gjedde)
* Dronningens Tværgade 7 (1794, with A. Gjedde)
* Dronningens Tværgade 9 (1794, with A. Gjedde)
* Gammel Strand 52/Naboløs 5 (1797–98)
* Knabrostræde 15 (1797–98)
* Naboløs 1 (1798–99)
* Naboløs 3 (1798)
* Rosengården 9 (1811-1812)
# Hans Hahne

Hans Hahne is the name of:
* Hans Hahne (archaeologist) (1875–1935), German medical doctor and archaeologist
* Hans Hahne (general) (1894–1944), German general
# Hans Springinklee

Hans Springinklee (c.1490/c.1495 – c.1540) was a German artist from Nuremberg, best known for his woodcuts. He was a pupil of Albrecht Dürer.

## Life

Little written evidence remains of Springinklee's life, and neither his exact dates of birth or death are known. He was born in Nuremberg between 1490 and 1495, was alive in 1524, and died no later than 1540. In 1547, Johann Neudörffer the Elder wrote that Springinklee had lived with, and learned his craft from, Albrecht Dürer. His first woodcuts date from 1512–1513, but there is no evidence of his presence in Nuremberg after 1524, and it is presumed that he had left Nuremberg by that date. The first documentary evidence dates to 1520, when the council of Nuremberg commissioned him to decorate rooms in Nuremberg Castle before a visit of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. On 10 September 1527, his two daughters mentioned that he had left them in Nuremberg three years before, and his father, Jörg Springinklee, had been paying for their maintenance. His name is absent from church records, but the astronomer Johann Gabriel Doppelmayr said in 1730 that Springinklee had lived in Nuremberg until 1540.

## Works

As a pupil of Dürer, Springinklee was involved in creating a number of works commissioned by Emperor Maximilian I, including the monumental 192-panel woodcut the Triumphal Arch. The first prints with his monogram, HSK, date to 1513: Das Wunder der Heilige Wilgeffortis (The Miracle of Saint Wilgefortis), and a sheet from Maximilian's Weißkunig entitled Kaiser Maximilian ehret das Andenken der Vorväter (Emperor Maxamilian honouring the memory of his ancestors).
From 1516, Springinklee mainly produced illustrations for the bibles published by Anton Koberger, mostly of Old Testament scenes. He also created over 100 woodcuts for several editions of the prayerbook Hortulus animae.
Springinklee's paintings are less well known. Some church paintings and altarpieces in the vicinity of Nuremberg have been attributed to Springinklee. The Kunstmuseum Basel holds a chiaroscuro drawing of a standing Man of Sorrows from 1514, in white on a dark brown ground. Nuremberg Castle contains some frescoes by Springinklee.

## Footnotes

* ↑ British Museum bio, see refs below.
# Happiest Faces on Earth

The Happiest Faces on Earth was a series of photo collages around the Disneyland Resort to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Disneyland Park. In summer and fall 2004, Disney encouraged guests to send in their family pictures from Disney vacations. They could be turned in online, through the mail, and in special mailboxes located around the Disneyland Resort. The pictures were then taken and used to create mosaics of Disney characters, attractions, and art. The mosaics are located in Disneyland Park and Disney California Adventure Park. There are kiosks on Main Street, U.S.A. where guests can find the location of their photos.
Although Disney did not release the exact number of photos collected, it is believed to have been over 200,000. The series of mosaics—created by Californian artist Roy Feinson—included the first example of a tri-level mosaic in which a giant black and white mosaic of Steamboat Willie Archived 2011-07-15 at the Wayback Machine was created using 600 Disney cast member portraits. In turn, each of the portraits was made up of hundreds of guest submitted pictures. With a total of over half a million pictures it holds the record for the most complex photo collage ever created.
In mid September 2006, as the Happiest Homecoming on Earth was winding down, most of the mosaics were removed.
# Harare Central

Harare Central is a constituency represented in the National Assembly of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. It is located in the central area of Harare, the capital of Zimbabwe. Like all Zimbabwean constituencies, Harare Central elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first-past-the-post electoral system. The seat has been represented by MP Lovemore Jimu since the 2023 general election.

## History

On 23 June 2020, Murisi Zwizwai was recalled as MP for Harare Central amid factional disputes within the Movement for Democratic Change Alliance. He was reelected to his seat in a 26 March 2022 by-election, this time representing the newly-formed Citizens Coalition for Change. Murisi Zwizwai died in Harare in June 2024, leaving his position vacant.

## Members

| Election | Member | Election |
| 1995 | Florence Chitauro | ZANU–PF |
| 2000 | Mike Auret | MDC |
| 2003 by-election | Murisi Zwizwai | MDC |
| 2005 | Murisi Zwizwai | MDC |
| 2008 | Murisi Zwizwai | MDC–T |
| 2013 | Murisi Zwizwai | MDC–T |
| 2018 | Murisi Zwizwai | MDC Alliance |
| 2022 by-election | Murisi Zwizwai | CCC |
| 2023 | Lovemore Jimu | CCC |

## Election results

2022 by-election: Harare Central :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | +/– |
| | Murisi Zwizwai | CCC | 3,332 | 69.49 | New |
| | Loice Magweba | ZANU–PF | 1,375 | 28.68 | -0.18 |
| | Marara Norest Chiureki | MDC Alliance | 65 | 1.36 | -54.37 |
| | Linda Masarira | Labour, Economists and African Democrats | 20 | 0.42 | New |
| | Rukanda Henry Gwinyai | MA'AT Zimbabwe | 3 | 0.06 | New |
| Total | Total | Total | 4,795 | 100.00 | – |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,957 | 40.81 | +13.94 |
| | CCC gain from MDC Alliance | CCC gain from MDC Alliance | CCC gain from MDC Alliance | CCC gain from MDC Alliance | CCC gain from MDC Alliance |
# Hans Senn

Hans Senn (1918–2007) was a general officer of the Swiss Army.
Senn was born in Zofingen and, as a young officer, studied at the Ecole Supérieure de Guerre in Paris. As Army head of operations he unsuccessfully advocated a policy of nuclear armament as a deterrent against the Warsaw Pact in the 1960s. Switzerland eventually ratified the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
As Chief of the General Staff, holding the rank of Korpskommandant (NATO: OF-8), Senn was Switzerland's most senior military officer from 1977 to 1980. After his retirement, he authored two standard works about Swiss defence efforts during World War II.
# Hans Coray

Hans Coray (1906–1991) was a Swiss artist and furniture designer, best known for his 1938 Landi chair. He was born on 9 June 1906 in Wald, Zurich, and died on 22 November 1991 in Zurich.
He studied Romance languages at the University of Zurich and obtained his doctorate in 1929.
In 1930, he set up as a furniture designer. With Anton Stankowski, Richard P. Lohse, Heiri Steiner, Hans Neuburg, Hans Fischli, Verena Loewensberg, Max Bill and others, he formed a cultural group in connection with the Zurich School of Concrete.
His most significant project is the Landi chair, which was a winning entry for the Swiss National Exhibition of 1939 [de]. Coray is known for the functionality and simplicity of his designs, and is considered a pioneer of industrial design.
Since 2004, his Landi chair has featured on a series of Swiss postage stamps that has Swiss "design classic" as its theme.
# Harold F. Dvorak

Harold Fisher Dvorak is an American pathologist and vascular researcher. He is the founding Director of the Center for Vascular Biology Research at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and the Mallinckrodt Distinguished Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School. Dvorak is best known for his discovery of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), for which he received the Canada Gairdner International Award of 2014.
He graduated from Princeton University and Harvard Medical School.

## Awards

| Year | Award |
| 2005 | Grand Prix scientifique de la Fondation Lefoulon-Delalande (shared with Napoleone Ferrara and Moses Judah Folkman) |
| 2014 | Canada Gairdner International Award |
# Hansen, Schrader & Co. v De Gasperi

Hansen, Schrader & Co. v De Gasperi is an important case in South African contract law. It was heard by Solomon J in the Witwatersrand High Court from April 15 to 16, 1903.

## Contractual interpretation

The case is important primarily for its influence on the interpretation of contracts in South Africa. "The primary purpose of the interpretation of a contract," writes Catherine Maxwell, "is to give effect to the intentions of the parties." The primary rule, therefore, is that effect must be given to the parties' common intention: that is, to what both of them intended on entering into the contract. As Innes J put it in Joubert v Enslin, "The golden rule applicable to the interpretation of all contracts is to ascertain and to follow the intention of the parties."
There is a paradox, however, in that the subjective intentions of the parties must be established with reference to certain objective factors, the most obvious being the words printed on the contract. As Solomon puts it in his judgment,
   It is not for this Court to speculate as to what the intentions of the parties were when they entered into the contract. That must be gathered from their language, and it is the duty of the Court as far as possible to give to the language used by the parties its ordinary grammatical meaning.
In determining the common intention of the parties, then, the courts must consider first the literal and ordinary meaning of the words in the contract. Hence Innes J continues, in Joubert v Enslin, "If the contract itself, or any evidence admissible under the circumstances, affords a definite indication of the meaning of the contracting parties, then it seems to me that a court should always give effect to that meaning."
The Court in Hansen was not concerned, per se, with determining exactly the intention of the parties; its goal was to determine whether or not that intention was clearly reflected in the contractual document, from the literal and ordinary meaning of the language.
# Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography

The Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography (ISBN 978-0-06270-015-5) was written by Trevor N. Dupuy, Curt Johnson and David Bongard, and was issued in 1992 by HarperCollins Publishers. It contains more than three thousand short biographies of military figures from ancient times to 1990. Dennis E. Showalter, reviewing the work for the Library Journal said "the overall accuracy and perception of the biographical sketches earn this work a place in all collections on military history."
# Ho Man Tin (constituency)

Ho Man Tin (Chinese: 何文田) is one of the 25 constituencies in the Kowloon City District of Hong Kong which was created in 1991.
The constituency has an estimated population of 19,625.

## Councillors represented
### 1991–94

| Election | First Member | First Member | First Party | Second Member | Second Member | Second Party |
| 1991 | | Wong Siu-yee | Independent | | Chan King-wong | Independent |

### 1994 to present

| Election | Member | Party |
| 1994 | Ng Ching-man | KCO |
| 199? | Ng Ching-man | Independent |
| 2006 | Ng Ching-man | Civic |
| 2011 | Cheng Lee-ming | Independent |
| 2019 | Joshua Fung Man-tao→Vacant | Democratic |

## Election results
### 2010s

Kowloon City District Council Election, 2019: Ho Man Tin :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Joshua Fung Man-tao | 3,722 | 51.41 |
| | Nonpartisan | Cheng Lee-ming | 3,422 | 47.27 |
| | Nonpartisan | Wasabi Chong Hiu-ying | 96 | 1.33 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 300 | 4.14 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,279 | 72.83 |
| | Democratic gain from Nonpartisan | Democratic gain from Nonpartisan | Swing | |
# Semniotes

Semniotes is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Olethreutinae of the family Tortricidae.

## Species

* Semniotes abrupta Diakonoff, 1973
* Semniotes bellana Kuznetzov, 1988
* Semniotes confinana Kuznetzov, 2003
* Semniotes halantha (Meyrick, 1909)