OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Guild of St Magnus

The Guild of St Magnus is a bell ringing guild formed in 2009, following the new installation of the bells at St Magnus-the-Martyr, with the main aim of ringing for Sunday services at St Magnus the Martyr. Guild members are often also members of other guilds and societies in London and support other bands of ringers including: Southwark Cathedral; St Martin-in-the-Fields; St Michael, Cornhill and St Olave Hart Street.

## Home Tower

The Guild of St Magnus is based at St Magnus-the-Martyr, the Wren tower built in 1704 which houses a 26cwt ring of 12 bells. The bells were cast during 2008/9 by the Whitechapel Bell Foundry and were consecrated by the Bishop of London on 3 March 2009 in the presence of the Lord Mayor and the ringing dedicated on 26 October 2009 by the Archdeacon of London.

## Bells

Prior to the Great Fire of 1666 the old tower had a ring of five bells. The new tower was completed in 1704 and in 1714 a ring of 8 bells was installed. These were increased to 10 in 1714 with the addition of 2 trebles given by two lost ringing Societies, the Eastern Youths and the British Scholars. The 10 bells were removed for safe keeping in 1940. After the War, the bells were cleaned whereupon four of them were found to be cracked. A lack of funds and enthusiasm for the bells led to them being scrapped in 1976.
A fund was set up on 19 September 2005, led by the Ancient Society of College Youths, with a view to installing a new ring of 12 bells in the tower in a new frame. The money was raised and the bells were cast during 2008/9 by the Whitechapel Bell Foundry. They were consecrated by the Bishop of London on 3 March 2009 in the presence of the Lord Mayor and the ringing dedicated on 26 October 2009 by the Archdeacon of London. The bells project is recorded by an inscription in the vestibule of the church.
Notable recent peals have included one of Stedman Cinques on 16 April 2011 to mark the 400th anniversary of the granting of a Royal Charter to the Plumbers' Company, a peal of Cambridge Surprise Royal on 28 June 2011 when the Fishmongers' Company gave a dinner for Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh at their Hall on the occasion of his 90th birthday and a peal of Avon Delight Maximus on 24 July 2011 in solidarity with the people of Norway following the tragic massacre on Utoeya Island and in Oslo. On the latter occasion the flag of the Orkney Islands was flown at half mast.
The BBC television programme Still Ringing After All These Years: A Short History of Bells, broadcast on 14 December 2011, included an interview at St Magnus with the Tower Keeper, Dickon Love.

## Ringing times

The bells at St Magnus-the-Martyr are currently rung by the guild every Sunday, following the service, around 12.10pm.
# Guild of St Matthew

The Guild of St Matthew was an English high-church Christian socialist association led by Stewart Headlam from its establishment in Bethnal Green on 29 June 1877 when Headlam was Curate at St Matthew's to its dissolution in 1909. While the guild never had a membership of more than about 400 people, it was "the pioneer Christian socialist society of the revival period in Britain", breaking the ground for other Christian socialist organisations yet to come, such as the Christian Social Union. Kenneth Leech described it as "the first explicitly socialist group in Britain". For many years, it published the periodical The Church Reformer.
# Guberevci

Guberevci is a village in the municipality of Lučani, Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 610 people.
# Gubernaculum (nematode anatomy)

In nematodes, the gubernaculum is a hardened or sclerotized structure in the wall that guides the protrusion of the spicule during copulation. For example, in Caenorhabditis elegans, spicules serve to open and dilate the vagina of the hermaphrodite and the gubernaculum is a grooved plate in which the spicules move; the gubernaculum is controlled by two erector and two protractor muscles.
The shape and size of the gubernaculum are often important characters for the systematics of nematodes.
# Gubernaculum

The paired gubernacula (from Ancient Greek κυβερνάω = pilot, steer), also called the caudal genital ligament, are embryonic structures which begin as undifferentiated mesenchyme attaching to the caudal end of the gonads (testicles in males and ovaries in females).

## Structure

The gubernaculum is present only during the development of the reproductive system. It is later replaced by distinct vestiges in males and females. The gubernaculum arises in the upper abdomen from the lower end of the gonadal ridge and helps guide the testis in its descent to the inguinal region.

### Males

* The upper part of the gubernaculum degenerates.
* The lower part persists as the gubernaculum testis ("scrotal ligament"). This ligament secures the testis to the most inferior portion of the scrotum, tethering it in place and limiting the degree to which the testis can move within the scrotum.
* Cryptorchidism (undescended testes) are observed in INSL3-null male mice. This implicates INSL3 as a key hormone in the growth and differentiation of the gubernaculum to allow transabdominal migration. Higher testicular temperatures associated with cryptorchidism is associated with reduced fertility.

### Females

* The gubernaculum has two vestigial remnants in females, the ovarian ligament and the round ligament of the uterus (ligamentum teres uteri) which respectively serve to support the ovaries and uterus in the pelvis.
* Development of the gubernaculum in female mice overexpressing INSL3 causes descended ovaries and reduced fertility. This ovarian descent is more pronounced by the additional administration of dihydrotestosterone, which suppresses development of the cranial suspensory ligament. Therefore, maintenance of the cranial suspensory ligament prevents abdominal translocation of the ovaries.

### Development

As the scrotum and labia majora form in males and females respectively, the gubernaculum aids in the descent of the gonads (both testes and ovaries).
The testes descend to a greater degree than the ovaries and ultimately pass through the inguinal canal into the scrotum. The mechanism of this movement is still debated.

## History

The gubernaculum was first described by John Hunter in 1762. The term comes from Ancient Greek meaning to steer, pilot or the rudder or helm.
# Guggernell

The Guggernell is a mountain of the Plessur Alps, located south of Arosa in the canton of Graubünden. It lies west of the Guggernellgrat.
# Guerreros de Hermosillo F.C.

Guerreros de Hermosillo Fútbol Club were a Mexican football team who played in Hermosillo in the state of Sonora.

## History

The Guerreros de Hermosillo purchased the rights of Real Colima to play in the Liga de Ascenso, becoming the fourth team from Sonora to play in the second-tier league. The club was presented on 28 July 2009 and debuted four days later in a 2–0 defeat to the Dorados de Sinaloa. Salvador Vázquez scored the first goal in club history in their fifth match. Their first manager, Gastón Obledo, was sacked after eight matches and replaced by Santiago Ostolaza.
In the 2010 Apertura season, manager José Treviño led the Guerreros to their best season, a ninth-place finish, missing out on the Liguilla playoffs by goal difference. This was in spite of the fact that they were forced to play their home fixtures in alternating cities due to improvements to the Estadio Héroe de Nacozari. The Guerreros defeated the
On 23 December 2010, the secretary-general of the Liga de Ascenso announced that the Guerreros de Hermosillo were being disaffiliated due to financial issues and non-compliance with league requirements. Thus, the club lasted one and a half seasons in the Liga de Ascenso before disappearing between the Apertura and the Clausura of the 2010–2011 season. No team took their place, and the 2011 Clausura season was played with 17 teams.

## Managers

* Gastón Obledo (2009)
* Santiago Ostolaza (2009)
* Marcelino Bernal (2010)
* José Treviño (2010–2011)

## Year-by-year

| Season | Division | League | Position |
| Apertura 2009 | 2 | Liga de Ascenso | 17th |
| Bicentenario 2010 | 2 | Liga de Ascenso | 17th |
# Gunder

Gunder is both a given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include:
Given name:
* Andre Gunder Frank (1929–2005), German-American economic historian and sociologist
* Gunder Anton Johannesen Jahren (1858–1933), the Norwegian Minister of Agriculture 1920–1921
* Gunder Bengtsson (1946–2019), former Swedish association football coach
* Gunder Gundersen (1930–2005), Norwegian Nordic combined skier and sports official
* Gunder Hägg (1918–2004), Swedish runner and multiple world record breaker of the 1940s
* Gunder Olson (1852–1948), North Dakota public servant and politician with the Republican Party
Surname:
* Jeane Daniel Gunder (1888–1948), American entomologist who specialised in butterflies
* Michael Gunder, Senior planning lecturer in the School of Architecture and Planning at the University of Auckland
# Guglielmo Inglese

Guglielmo Inglese (24 November 1892 – 14 January 1972) was an Italian actor, radio personality and playwright.

## Life and career

Born in Naples into a family of Apulian origins, Inglese debuted on stage as a child actor at 2 years old, and then he was part of some of the most important stage companies of the time, including the one led by Raffaele Viviani in 1920. He abandoned the theater to devote himself to radio, with which he got a large popularity thanks to his comic monologues caricaturing typical Southern stock characters, notably the "peasant from Apulia". He made his cinema debut when he already was mature aged, in 1948, and was mostly cast in character roles in which he reprised his radio repertoire. He was often a sidekick of Totò, both in cinema and on stage. He was also author of several riviste.

## Selected filmography

* Totò Tarzan (1950) - Capostazione barese
* Arrivano i nostri (1951) - Brig. Vitali
* Accidents to the Taxes!! (1951) - Il capitano del Panfilo
* Toto the Third Man (1951) - Renato - il cancelliere
* Auguri e figli maschi! (1951) - Vincenzo Frunzo
* The Steamship Owner (1951) - Lo scenografo
* Era lui... sì! sì! (1951) - Vannozzi
* My Heart Sings (1951) - Brigadiere Bichetti
* Free Escape (1951)
* Viva il cinema! (1952)
* Sardinian Vendetta (1952) - Cavalier Rossetti
* Abracadabra (1952) - Nicola Caiazzo
* Torment of the Past (1952) - Giacomo
* Toto in Color (1952) - Il giardiniere
* Il romanzo della mia vita (1952) - Pasquale Curcio
* Poppy (1952) - Bidello Elia
* Non è vero... ma ci credo (1952) - The Man with a Hunchback
* I morti non pagano tasse (1952)
* Beauties on Motor Scooters (1952) - Pelacardi
* Saluti e baci (1953) - L'usciere Pellegrino (uncredited)
* Fermi tutti... arrivo io! (1953) - Proprietario 'Hotel Santiago'
* Neapolitan Turk (1953) - Carpenter of the prison (uncredited)
* Easy Years (1953) - Capo divisione
* It Happened in the Park (1953) - Il zio di Beniamino (segment: Il paraninfo)
* Naples Sings (1953) - Cavalier Fiammante
* Finalmente libero! (1953) - Judge
* Delírio (1954)
* Vacanze a Villa Igea (1954)
* Madonna delle rose (1954)
* Due soldi di felicità (1954) - don Girolamo
* Toto in Hell (1955) - Il cavalier Scartaccio
* Carovana di canzoni (1955) - Hotel manager
* Cantate con noi (1955) - Nicola
* Giuramento d'amore (1955)
* Scapricciatiello (1955) - The Customer at the barber's
* The Bigamist (1956) - Don Vincenzino
* Presentimento (1956) - Il contadino con il somaro
* Cantando sotto le stelle (1956) - Guglielmo Traversa
* Arriva la zia d'America (1956) - Guglielmo Camaramo
* Dreams in a Drawer (1957) - The Neurology Professor
* Marisa (1957) - Emilio
* Vacanze a Ischia (1957) - Cancelliere
* La zia d'America va a sciare (1957)
* Ladro lui, ladra lei (1958) - Cavalier Lauricella
* Seksdagesløbet (1958) - Peppo
* Three Strangers in Rome (1958) - Michele, Magda's wooer
* Serenatella sciuè sciuè (1958)
* Gli avventurieri dell'Uranio (1958) - Venanzio
* Arriva la banda (1959)
* Lui, lei e il nonno (1959)
* Le confident de ces dames (1959)
* Spavaldi e innamorati (1959)
* Avventura in città (1959)
# Gundlabavi

Gundlabavi is a village in Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district in Telangana, India. It falls under Choutuppal mandal.
# Gunārs

Gunārs is a Latvian masculine given name. It is a cognate of the name Gunnar. Notable people with the given name include:
* Gunārs Astra (1931–1988), Latvian human rights activist and anti-Soviet dissident
* Gunārs Birkerts (1925–2017), Latvian-born American architect
* Gunārs Cilinskis (1931–1992), Latvian actor, film director and screenwriter
* Gunārs Ķirsons (born 1951), Latvian entrepreneur and businessman
* Gunārs Lūsis (born 1950), Latvian artist and graphic designer
* Gunārs Piesis (1931–1996), Latvian film director
* Gunārs Priede (1928–2000), Latvian playwright, engineer and architect
* Gunārs Saliņš (1924–2010), Latvian modernist poet
* Gunārs Skvorcovs (born 1990), Latvian ice hockey right winger
* Gunārs Ulmanis (1938–2010), Latvian football right wing midfielder
# Gundeep Kumar

Gundeep Kumar (born 15 May 1965) is an Indian field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Gunnebo

Gunnebo is a locality situated in Västervik Municipality, Kalmar County, Sweden. In 2010 Gunnebo had 938 inhabitants.
# Gunne

Gunne is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carl Gunne (1893–1979), Swedish painter
* John Gunne (English politician) (fl. 1397), English politician
* John Gunne (Manitoba politician) (1872–1935), Canadian physician and politician
# Gunnar Finne

Johan Gunnar Finne (4 April 1886 – 17 September 1952) was a Finnish sculptor. The architect Elna Kiljander became a single mother after a brief marriage with Finne from 1918 to 1926.
Finne's best-known work is the memorial for the author Zachris Topelius in Helsinki. Finne entered the memorial competition arranged in 1928 with an entry titled "Fact and Fable" and won the competition. The finished bronze sculpture was unveiled in 1932 in the Esplanadi Park in central Helsinki.
His other works include war heroes statues in Hollola (1941), Karkkila (1948) and Jyväskylä (1922).
Finne was awarded the Pro Finlandia medal in 1951.
# Laurentian

Laurentian (French: Laurentides or Laurentien) may refer to:

## Geography

North America
* Laurentide Ice Sheet, the continental glacier covering much of North America during the Pleistocene Epoch
* Relating to the Saint Lawrence River
Canada
* Laurentia, the craton at the heart of the North American continent
* Canadian Shield, also known as the Laurentian Shield or the Laurentian Plateau.
* Laurentian Divide, also known as the "Northern Divide", a continental divide in North America
* Laurentian Mountains in Quebec
* Laurentian Upland
* Laurentian Abyss or Abyssal – a trench off the eastern coast of Canada
* Laurentides, administrative region in Quebec
* Laurentides Wildlife Reserve, in Quebec
* Saint-Lin–Laurentides, a municipality in Quebec
* Laurentien (Quebec City) (in French: quartier "Notre-Dame-des-Laurentides"), a borough in Quebec City, Quebec
* Laurentian, Ontario, a neighbourhood within Valley East, Ontario

## Other

* Laurentian University in Sudbury, Ontario
* Laurentian Bank of Canada
* Laurentian language, a language in the Iroquoian family of languages
* Laurentian French, the variety of the French language spoken in Canada
* Laurentian Codex, a Russian manuscript
* Laurentian library or Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana of Florence, Italy
* Laurentian (train), operated by the Delaware & Hudson
* Pontiac Laurentian, a Canadian automobile
* Princess Laurentien of the Netherlands, member of the Dutch royal family
* Laurentien (art supplies), a Canadian brand of art supplies
* Laurentian Society, a student society of Trinity College, Dublin University
* Laurentian Consensus, a Canadian political theory
# Robert Bushell

Robert Hitchens Bushell (c. 1836 – 13 July 1883) was an English first-class cricketer active 1857–58 who played for Surrey. He was born in England and died in Kew. He played in two first-class matches.
# Trigona branneri

Trigona branneri is a species of eusocial stingless bee in the family Apidae and tribe Meliponini.
# Prosperine, Missouri

Prosperine is an unincorporated community in northwest Laclede County, in the Ozarks of south central Missouri. The community is located on Route AA, approximately 2.5 miles southwest of Eldridge.

## History

A post office called Prosperine was established in 1900, and remained in operation until 1952. The community's founder expected the settlement to prosper, hence the name.
# Qibray District

Qibray is a district of Tashkent Region in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at the town Qibray. It has an area of 560 km$^2$ (220 sq mi) and it had 202,200 inhabitants in 2021. The district consists of 16 urban-type settlements (Qibray, Salar, Argin, Taraqqiyot, Alisherobod, Geofizika, Doʻrmon, Yoshlik, Koʻprik boshi, Madaniyat, Mustaqillik, Nurafshon, Uymaut, Unqoʻrgʻon-1, Oʻtkir, X.Amirov) and 10 rural communities.

## History

The district was formed in the 1930s under the name Ordzhonikidze district. In 1956, the Kazakh SSR transferred part of the lands of the Golodnaya Steppe to the Uzbek SSR. The Bostandyk district of the South Kazakhstan region (now the Bostanliq district of the Tashkent region), part of the Ordzhonikidze district (now the Qibray district of the Tashkent region) was also transferred. It was abolished in 1963 and restored in 1964. In 1992, it was renamed Qibray district.
# Hello English (government program)

Hello English is an Indian government program initiated by the Government of Kerala. The program is launched under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA). Hello English was officially inaugurated by C. Raveendranath, Minister for Education of the Government of Kerala. The program was launched with an aim of improving the English language skills of students of government and aided schools. The initiative aims at enabling the teachers and students to handle English language with improved proficiency. The initiative was launched in 2016.
# Shoulder examination

A shoulder examination (or shoulder exam) is a portion of a physical examination used to identify potential pathology involving the shoulder. It should be conducted with both shoulders exposed to assess for asymmetry and muscle wasting.

## Elements of the shoulder exam

* Inspection
* Palpation of sternoclavicular joint, clavicle, acromioclavicular joint, subacromial bursa, bicipital tendon.
* Evaluation of passive and active range of motion: Neck range of motion should be assessed that may reveal a neck source of shoulder pain. The Apley scratch test specifically tests range of motion and in a normal exam, an individual should be able to reach C7 on external rotation, and T7 on internal rotation.
* Evaluation of distal pulses
* Strength testing: wrist extension tests the radial nerve, finger abduction tests the ulnar nerve, and thumb apposition tests the median nerve.
* Sensation testing
* Reflex testing: Triceps reflex tests C6-C8, biceps reflex tests C5 and C6, and brachioradialis reflex tests C5-C7.
* Provocative maneuvers

## Provocative maneuvers specific to the shoulder examination
### Tests for rotator cuff pathology

* Neer Impingement Test: a positive test indicates shoulder impingement syndrome
* Hawkins–Kennedy test: a positive test indicates shoulder impingement syndrome
* Empty beer can test: a positive test indicates rotator cuff tear, specifically, supraspinatus muscle tear
* Drop arm test: a positive test indicates a supraspinatus tear
* External Rotation test: a positive test indicates an infraspinatus or teres minor tear
* Lift-off test: a positive test indicates subscapularis pathology

### Tests for bicipital tenosynovitis and labral pathology

* Yergason's test
* Speed's test
* Biceps load test
* O'Brien's test: positive test indicates a SLAP (or superior labral tear from anterior to posterior) tear

### Tests for shoulder instability

* Apprehension test or Jobe's test: positive test indicates anterior glenohumeral instability
* Relocation test

### Other tests

* Cross-arm test: positive test indicates acromioclavicular joint degeneration/arthritis
* Adson's sign tests for thoracic outlet syndrome
* Lhermitte's sign may indicate cervical radiculopathy or spinal cord disease
* Spurling's test tests for cervical spine disease
A meta-analysis in 2008 concluded that the diagnostic accuracy of individual tests in the shoulder examination was limited, specifically that the Hawkins–Kennedy test and the Speed test have no discriminatory ability to diagnose specific shoulder pathology, and that results of studies evaluating other tests were too statistically heterogeneous to make meaningful conclusions about their diagnostic accuracy.
Examination of the shoulder can be complex because the shoulder can present with more than one pathology at a time.
# Shredding the Balloon

"Shredding the Balloon" is a song by the Australian hip hop group, Hilltop Hoods. It was released on 20 July 2012 as the third single from their sixth studio album, Drinking From the Sun.

## Music video

The music video premiered on the V Music website on 10 July 2012 and was released on YouTube the following day.
The video was filmed in The Masonic Lodge, located in Adelaide, Australia, and was produced and directed by Unity Sound & Visual (Selina Miles and Australian hip hop producer, ADFU).

### Narrative

It features the group sitting around a large banquet of grapes and wine, and switches between this and what appears to be a couple on a night out. No story has been released stating the exact meaning of the video however it appears that the male, in reality, is a drunken mess and the female represents him throughout the video. In the third verse of the song, Suffa talks about his sobriety so the video interlinks with this.
At the end of the clip, the female falls from a large height and lands on the table at which Suffa, Pressure and DJ Debris are seated. Her death is a metaphor for the male leaving his drug ridden lifestyle and starting over. He can be seen smiling when she dies and he then walks away.

## Certifications

Certifications for "Shredding the Balloon" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Platinum | 70,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Çiftlikköy, Kalecik

Çiftlikköy is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kalecik, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 165 (2022).
# Éros vainqueur

Éros vainqueur is an opera or conte lyrique in 3 acts and 4 scenes by composer Pierre de Bréville. The work uses a French language libretto by the poet and novelist Jean Lorrain and was dedicated by Bréville to composer Vincent d'Indy.

## Performance history

The opera premiered on 7 March 1910 at the Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie in Brussels with Sylvain Dupuis conducting. The original production was staged by Merle Forest and choreographed by François Ambroisiny. The original cast included mezzo-soprano Claire Croiza as Éros, soprano Mary Beral as Argyne, baritone Étienne Billot as the King, and bass Henri Artus as Cardinal-Évêque. In 1918, Jane Bathori gave a concert performance of the opera at the Théâtre du Vieux Colombier in Paris. In 1932, the first staged performance in France was produced at the Opéra-Comique (Salle Favart) under the direction of Louis Masson.

## Roles

* Argyne (soprano)
* Tharsyle (soprano)
* Éros (mezzo-soprano)
* Floriane (mezzo-soprano)
* Lisbeth (mezzo-soprano)
* Le roi (baritone)
* Sénéchal (baritone)
* Cardinal-évêque (bass)
* Terkau (bass)
* Capitaine des lansquenets (bass)
# Üçpınar, Keban

Üçpınar (formerly Kiliruşağı) (Kurdish: Giliran) is a village in the Keban District of Elazığ Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Zeyve tribe and had a population of 69 in 2021.
# Üçpınar, Musabeyli

Üçpınar is a village in the Musabeyli District, Kilis Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 158 in 2022.
In late 19th century, German orientalist Martin Hartmann listed the village as a settlement of 7 houses inhabited by Turks.