OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mutual Fund Directors Forum

The Mutual Fund Directors Forum (MFDF) is a non-profit organization serving independent mutual fund directors in the United States.

## Overview

The MFDF was formed in 2002, growing out of the Mutual Fund Directors Education Council, a partnership between the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the mutual fund industry. The council was convened in 1999, in response to SEC chairman Arthur Levitt's call for improved fund governance and better education of mutual fund directors.
Although all persons in the mutual fund industry are able to participate in the Forum's events, actual membership in the Forum is restricted to independent directors or trustees of mutual funds. Today, the Forum's primary activities are the creation and production of educational programs, the publication of reports on best practice guidance, and advocacy on behalf of its members. For example, in 2003, the Forum was asked by the then SEC Chairman William H. Donaldson to prepare best practice guidance in key areas of director decision-making, such as monitoring fees and conflicts, overseeing compliance, and important issues such as valuation and pricing of fund portfolio securities and fund shares. In response to this request, the Forum published its "Report of the Mutual Fund Directors Forum on Best Practices and Practical Guidance for Mutual Fund Directors" in July 2004. The report was well received by the SEC. Frequently, members of the Forum's staff are consulted and quoted by the financial press in news stories concerning mutual fund directors and the mutual fund industry as a whole. In addition, op-ed letters by Forum staff on topics important to the mutual fund industry have appeared in the Wall Street Journal and mutual fund industry publications.
Significantly, in 2002, the Mutual Fund Directors Forum applied for and received an exemptive order from the SEC allowing the payment by mutual funds, pursuant to the authorization of their boards of directors, of the dues of their independent directors for membership in the Forum, as well as Forum-related expenses; and finding that these payments do not violate Section 17(d) and Rule 17d-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, which prohibit funds from participating in joint transactions with affiliated persons on a basis different from or less advantageous than that of any other participant.
# Luolong

Luolong may refer to:
* Luolong County, in Tibet
* Luolong District, in Luoyang, Henan, China
# Zambezi West

Zambezi West is a constituency of the National Assembly of Zambia. It covers the western part of Zambezi and the town of Kangano in Zambezi District of North-Western Province.

## List of MPs

| Election year | MP | Party |
| Balovale West |||
| 1968 | Samuel Mbilishi | United National Independence Party |
| Zambezi West |||
| 1973 | Rodger Sakuhuka | United National Independence Party |
| 1978 | Rodger Sakuhuka | United National Independence Party |
| 1983 | Rodger Sakuhuka | United National Independence Party |
| 1988 | Rodger Sakuhuka | United National Independence Party |
| 1991 | Roy Saviye | United National Independence Party |
| 1996 | David Saviye | Movement for Multi-Party Democracy |
| 2001 | Charles Kakoma | United Party for National Development |
| 2006 | Charles Kakoma | United Democratic Alliance |
| 2011 | Charles Kakoma | United Party for National Development |
| 2014 (by-election) | Christabel Ngimbu | Patriotic Front |
| 2016 | Prisca Kucheka | United Party for National Development |
| 2021 | Vumango Pascal Musumali | United Party for National Development |
# Ziamet

Ziamet was a form of land tenure in the Ottoman Empire, consisting in grant of lands or revenues by the Ottoman Sultan to an individual in compensation for their services, especially military services. The ziamet system was introduced by Osman I, who granted land tenure to his troops. Later, this system was expanded by Murad I for his Sipahi.

## Background

The Seljuq state, prior to the rise of the Ottoman State in the 14th century, utilized ziamets in an effort to implement provincial governors, who were also made subordinate chiefs in the military regime. In this pre-Ottoman period, timars were used with other tactics, such as building caravansaries, in an effort to sedentarize nomadic groups. The Ottoman state later took on this "timar system" after conquering Anatolia, and it represented just one of several institutions apparent in the Ottoman Empire derived from the Seljuq state.

## History

The Ottoman Empire came into disarray due to problems asserting "central government control" during the 16th and 17th centuries. They needed a way to reassert their military might. Ziamets of Ottoman cavalry were enlarged and turned over to a smaller number of owners, with a longer tenure. Thus, authority in provincial areas turned to police authority as local administrations dissolved, and ziamets were converted into tax-farms or iqta. This conversion of ziamets into tax-farms proved to be the first step to growing provincial control in the Ottoman Empire, as economic decline in the empire gave these stronger provincial governors the chance to assert power.
The ziamet holder acted as an agent of the central Ottoman government in supervising the possession, transfer, and rental of lands within his territory, and collecting tax revenue, in return for military service. A timar was not necessarily made up of contiguous property but could consist of property scattered among different villages.
A timar holder is a zaim.

## Zeamet

A Zeamet was the appellative given to a land in the timar system during the Ottoman Empire between the 14th and 16th centuries, that had a tax revenue with an annual value between 20,000 and 100,000 akçes. The revenues produced from the land acted as compensation for military services.
# John Hawkins (grammarian)

John Hawkins M.D. (c.1587–c.1641) was an English physician, known as a grammarian and translator.

## Life

He was a son of Sir Thomas Hawkins (died 1617) of Nash Court, Boughton under Blean, Kent, and his wife, Ann Pettyt; the family was recusant, with Sir Thomas Hawkins and Henry Hawkins the Jesuit being elder brothers. He took his degree of M.D. at the University of Padua.
Hawkins appeared in John Gee's list of Popish Physicians in and about the City of London in 1624 as residing in Charterhouse Court. He was not elected to the College of Physicians of London.

## Works

Hawkins published:
* A brief Introduction to Syntax, collected out of Nebrissa. … With the Concordance supplyed by J. H., London, 1631, translated from Antonio de Nebrija.
* Discursus de Melancholia Hypochondriaca, Heidelberg, 1633.
* The Ransome of Time being captive. Wherein is declared how precious a thing is Time, London, 1634, translation from the Spanish of Andreas de Soto.
* Dictionary of Latin verbs (1634)
* Particulæ Latinæ Orationis, collectæ, dispositæ, et confabulationibus digestæ, London, 1635, on Latin grammatical particles.
* Paraphrase upon the seaven Penitential Psalms, London, 1635, translated from Italian.

## Family

Hawkins married Frances, daughter of Francis Power of Bletchingdon, Oxfordshire. Francis Hawkins the Jesuit was their son.
# Soul Legacy

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Soul Legacy is a box set of Curtis Mayfield hits. Five years after Mayfield's box set People Get Ready: The Curtis Mayfield Story was released in the United States, the UK came up with this more comprehensive collection. Unlike its predecessor, track list for this set is not in chronological order, instead opting for thematic divisions.

## Track listing

Disc: 1 (Inspirational Themes)
* “Move on Up”
* "Keep on Pushing" - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “We're a Winner”
* “People Get Ready”
* “I Plan to Stay a Believer”
* “We the People Who Are Darker Than Blue”
* “Everybody Needs a Friend”
* “It's All Right”
* “Need Someone to Love”
* “Something to Believe In”
* “So in Love”
* “People Never Give Up”
* “This Year”
* “Wild and Free”
* “We Got to Have Peace”
* “Make Me Believe in You”
* “Beautiful Brother of Mine”
* “Miss Black America”
* “Keep on Keeping On”
Disc: 2 (Love Songs)
* “Gypsy Woman” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “You're Really Something Sadie” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “I've Been Trying” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “Fool for You” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “Wherever She Leadeth Me” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “Gone Away” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “Seven Years” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* "I'm So Proud" - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “So Unusual” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “Just Want to Be With You”
* “Show Me Love”
* “You Mean Everything to Me”
* “Hey Baby (Give It All to Me) ”
* “You're So Good to Me”
* “Between You Baby and Me” - Linda Clifford, Curtis Mayfield
* “Only You Babe”
* “I'm Gonna Win Your Love”
* “Ain't No Love Lost” - Linda Clifford, Curtis Mayfield
* “Baby It's You”
* “So You Don't Love Me”
* “Still Within Your Heart”
Disc: 3 (Cautionary Tales)
* “(Don't Worry) If There's a Hell Below, We're All Going to Go” [Edit]
* “Mighty Mighty (Spade and Whitey) ” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “Check Out Your Mind” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “Underground”
* “Future Shock”
* “If I Were Only a Child Again”
* “To Be Invisible”
* “Mother's Son”
* “They Don't Know” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “Choice of Colors” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “This Is My Country” - The Impressions, Curtis Mayfield
* “Back to the World”
* “Homeless”
* “Cannot Find a Way”
* “Dirty Laundry”
* “I Mo Git U Sucka”
* “Kung Fu”
* “Hard Times”
* “When Seasons Change”
Disc: 4 (Film & Dance)
* “Superfly”
* “Billy Jack”
* “Eddie You Should Know Better”
* “Do Do Wap is Strong in Here”
* “Short Eyes/Freak, Free, Free, Free”
* “Pusherman”
* “Freddie's Dead”
* “Tripping Out”
* “Get Down”
* “Party Night”
* “Do It All Night”
* “You Are, You Are”
* “Toot An' Toot An' Toot”
* “Soul Music”
* “Do Be Down”
* “She Don't Let Nobody (But Me)”
* “Can't Say Nothin'”
* “Ain't Got Time”
# William Landles

William Landles (25 November 1923 – 17 August 2016) was a Scottish artist and sculptor from the Scottish Borders town of Hawick.
Born in Hawick he left school at the age of fourteen to start an apprenticeship as a grocer. A self-taught sculptor, he was noticed and mentored by the renowned Scottish artist Anne Redpath, whom he remained friends with for the rest of her life. She and others encouraged Landles and he won a scholarship to study at the Edinburgh College of Art in the early 1950s. He went on to qualify in teaching and became a school master in Art at Hawick High School until his retirement in 1980.
Two of his public sculptures are situated in his home town of Hawick, including the iconic portrait of poet James Thomson on the Thompson Bridge. Landles was responsible for the bronzes used in the Roberton and Bourke cairns of Scottish Border poet and Australian bush balladeer Will H. Ogilvie (1869–1963). His work has been exhibited repeatedly at the Scottish Royal Academy, in exhibitions across Scotland and is in private collections around the world.
William Landles died on 17 August 2016, aged 92, and is buried in Hawick.
# Sheila Bhatia

Sheila Bhatia (1916-2008) was an Indian poet, playwright, theatre personality and the founder of the Delhi Art Theatre, a forum based in Delhi for the promotion of Indian art forms. She is credited with originating Punjabi opera, an Indian form of dance drama incorporating operatic movements. She was honoured by the Government of India in 1971 with Padma Shri, the fourth highest Indian civilian award. A decade later, she received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for theatre direction in 1982 followed by Kalidas Samman in 1997.

## Biography

Sheila Bhatia was born on 1 March 1916 in Sialkot in British India, in present-day Pakistan. After securing a BA degree, she graduated in education (BT) and started working as a teacher of mathematics in Lahore, involving herself with the Indian freedom struggle. Later she moved to Delhi where she founded the Delhi Art Theatre. She also worked with the National School of Drama as the head of the acting department.
Bhatia's debut production was Call of the Valley, a musical. That was followed by over 60 productions, such as Heer Ranjha (1957), Dard Aayega Dabe Paon (1979), Sulgada Darya (1982), Omar Khayyam (1990), Naseeb (1997), Chann Badla Da, Loha Kutt, Ghalib Kaun tha and Nadir Shah in Punabi and Qissa yeh aurat ka (1972), Hawa se hippy tak (1972), and Yeh ishq nahin asan (1980) in Urdu. A follower of Faiz Ahmed Faiz, Bhatia also has 10 publications to her credit including the poetry anthology, Parlo Da Jhakkarh (1950).

## Awards

The Government of India awarded her the civilian honour of Padma Shri in 1971. She received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for best direction in 1982. The next year, she was awarded the Ghalib Award (1983) followed by Punjabi Arts Council award. She received the best director award from the Delhi Administration in 1986 and the Kalidas Samman in 1997. She was also a recipient of Urdu Academy Award and the Param Sahit Sarkar Sanman by the Punjabi Academy (2000).

## Death

Sheila Bhatia died on 17 February 2008 at the age of 91.
# Sitka, Kentucky

Sitka is an unincorporated community with U.S. Post Office centered on KY Route 201, in Johnson County, Kentucky, United States. It is located at an elevation of 712 feet (217 m). Sitka's ZIP code is 41255.
# Myra Marx Ferree

Myra Marx Ferree (born October 10, 1949) is a former professor of sociology and director of the Center for German and European Studies at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where she was also a member of the Women's Studies Program. In 2005 she was a Berlin Prize Fellow at the American Academy in Berlin and in 2004 the Maria-Jahoda Visiting professor at the Ruhr University Bochum. Ferree retired in 2018.

## Life

Ferree attended Harvard University where she obtained a PhD in social psychology and social relations in 1976.
She has written numerous articles about feminist organizations and politics in the US, Germany and internationally, as well as about gender inequality in families, the inclusion of gender in sociological theory and practice, and the intersections of gender with race and class. Her current work focuses on comparisons between US and German feminist movements and gender policy developments since the 1960s as well as the development of feminist identities in transnational women's organizations.
She has been the recipient of the Jessie Bernard Award (sociology's highest honor for work in gender), vice-president of the American Sociological Association and deputy editor of its leading journal, American Sociological Review, president of Sociologists for Women in Society and recipient of its mentoring and feminist scholarship awards.

## Works (selection)

* Global Feminism: Transnational Women's Activism, Organizing, and Human Rights, New York : New York University Press, 2006 (eds. with Aili Mari Tripp)
* Shaping Abortion Discourse: Democracy and the Public Sphere in Germany and the United States, Cambridge University Press, 2001 (eds. with William Anthony Gamson, Jürgen Gerhards, and Dieter Rucht)
* Controversy and Coalition: The New Feminist Movement Across Four Decades of Change, Routledge Press, 1995 (with Beth Hess)
* Revisioning Gender, Alta Mira Press, 1998 (eds. with Judith Lorber and Beth Hess)
* Feminist Organizations: Harvest of the New Women's Movement, Temple University Press, 1995 (eds. with Patricia Yancey Martin)
# Lužná (Rakovník District)

Lužná is a municipality and village in Rakovník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,000 inhabitants.

## Etymology

The name is derived from the Czech word luh, which denotes a meadow on a wet soil.

## Geography

Lužná is located about 3 kilometres (2 mi) northeast of Rakovník and 40 km (25 mi) west of Prague. The built-up area lies in the Rakovník Uplands, but the eastern part of the municipal territory lies in the Křivoklát Highlands. The highest point is at 500 m (1,600 ft) above sea level. Part of the municipality is situated in the Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area.

## History

The first written mention of Lužná is from 1325, when it obtained a privilege from King John of Bohemia.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 1,403 | — |
| 1880 | 1,239 | −11.7% |
| 1890 | 1,276 | +3.0% |
| 1900 | 1,448 | +13.5% |
| 1910 | 1,713 | +18.3% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 1,801 | +5.1% |
| 1930 | 2,101 | +16.7% |
| 1950 | 1,764 | −16.0% |
| 1961 | 2,110 | +19.6% |
| 1970 | 1,988 | −5.8% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 1,827 | −8.1% |
| 1991 | 1,793 | −1.9% |
| 2001 | 1,804 | +0.6% |
| 2011 | 1,787 | −0.9% |
| 2021 | 1,928 | +7.9% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

Lužná is located on the railway line Prague–Rakovník via Kladno.

## Sights

The Church of Saint Barbara is the landmark of the centre of Lužná. It is a valuable late Baroque church, built in 1750–1758. it replaced an old Gothic church from the first half of the 14th century.
The České dráhy Museum opened in 1999. It is located near the Lužná railway station and it is the largest railway museum in the Czech Republic.
JK Classics is a museum of American vintage cars. It was founded in 2015 and features 80 exhibits.
# Workspace virtualization

Workspace virtualization is a way of distributing applications to client computers using application virtualization; however, it also bundles several applications together into one complete workspace.

## Overview

Workspace virtualization is an approach that encapsulates and isolates an entire computing workspace. At a minimum, the workspace consists of everything above the operating system kernel – applications, data, settings, and any non-privileged operating system subsystems required to provide a functional desktop computing environment. By doing this, applications within the workspace can interact with each other, enabling them to do some of the things users are accustomed to and which are missing in application virtualization such as embedding a Microsoft Excel worksheet into a Microsoft Word document. Further, the workspace contains applications settings and user data enabling the user to move to a different operating system or to a different computer and still preserve applications, settings and data in one complete working unit. For deeper workspace virtualization, the virtualization engine implementation virtualizes privileged code modules and full operating system subsystems through a kernel-mode Workspace Virtualization Engine (WVE).

## Advantages and disadvantages
### Workspace Virtualization vs Application Virtualization

Workspace virtualization enables individual applications to interact with each other and also enables user settings/configuration and user data to stay within the workspace. Application virtualization does not. Application Virtualization shields independent applications from each other better should one of them prove to be hostile (i.e. contains a virus of some sort).

### Workspace Virtualization vs Desktop Virtualization

Workspace Virtualization runs directly on the client computer hardware whereas Desktop Virtualization in many cases runs on a remote computer somewhere over a corporate LAN/WAN or over the Internet (called Hosted Desktop Virtualization).
In other cases Desktop Virtualization can be run on the client directly through a virtual machine environment such as VMware Workstation, VirtualBox or Thincast Workstation. Because the applications in a Desktop Virtualization environment run at a different location, on a remote machine or in a local virtual machine, and technology simply offers a way to present the graphics interface locally using technologies such as Remote Desktop. As a result, the graphics system is much slower and access to local data services such as USB or FireWire-connected cameras, scanners, & hard drives is much slower. Workspace virtualization, on the other hand, offers the advantage that the amount of time required to move from one client computer to another is small because applications, settings and data are stored locally on the client. When it comes to system resources, Workspace Virtualization requires fewer resources than Desktop Virtualization because it doesn't contain a complete copy of the operating system running in a virtualization environment.
# Wuta

Wuta may refer to
* Wuta Dombaxe (born 1986), Angolan handball player
* Wuta Mayi, recording artist, composer and vocalist from the Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Wuta Station, a railway station on the Taiwan Railway Administration
* WUTA, original designation of WMLU, a non-commercial, educational radio station licensed to Farmville, Virginia
# Krittibas (magazine)

Krittibas is a Bengali poetry magazine that first appeared in Kolkata in 1953. It played a highly influential role in the Kolkata literary scene in the decades after Indian independence and provided a platform for young, experimental poets, many of whom went on to become luminaries of modern Bengali poetry.

## History

The editors of the inaugural issue in July 1953 were Sunil Gangopadhyay, Ananda Bagchi and Dipak Mazumdar. Gangopadhyay later became sole editor, and indeed it is his name that is most closely associated with the magazine. Others who also edited the magazine at one point or another included Shakti Chattopadhyay, Sarat Kumar Mukhopadhyay and Samarendra Sengupta. The Phanishwarnath Renu issue of the magazine was edited by Samir Roychoudhury. During 1961-65 several poets left the magazine and joined the Hungryalist Movement.
Originally published as a quarterly, Krittibas became a monthly magazine in 1974. Besides promoting Bengali poetry, always its main focus, it also featured articles on various aspects of contemporary arts and culture.
In its early decades, Krittibas had a strong anti-establishment flavour to it. (In 1963, the Hungryalists were hauled into court on charges of obscenity; the Editor of the magazine, as defense witness for Malay Roy Choudhury responded by reading out the controversial poem Stark Electric Jesus in the courtroom!) But with the accretion of time and prestige, this trend waned and Krittibas itself became part of the cultural establishment.
Publication ceased altogether in 1982, and the magazine disappeared from the scene for many years. Then in 1999, Krittibas was reborn, this time as an annual magazine. Soon it became a bi-annual journal, and then turned into a quarterly again. Those Kolkatans who have been instrumental in the revival of the magazine are Bhaskar Dutta, Pradip Chandra Basu and Ashik Kumar Dasgupta.
In 2003, Krittibas celebrated its 50th anniversary with great fanfare. In 2013, another function was held at the Indian National Museum to celebrate its 60th anniversary.