OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Scheggia Pass

The Scheggia Pass is a pass in Italy that marks the division between the Central and Northern Apennines. It is in northern Umbria and lies between Gubbio and Cagli at 632 meters. It opens up as a natural plateau near the border with the territory of the municipality of Cantiano, in the province of Pesaro and Urbino.
Although it is on the border between Umbria and Marche, it does not represent a watershed between the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian sides: in fact, it connects the Burano valley (Metauro basin) to the Sentino valley (Esino basin). The watershed is located further south, between Scheggia and Costacciaro, dividing the Sentino valley from the Chiascio valley.
Coming from the direction of Rome, after Scheggia there is a gentle climb up to the pass proper, beyond which the road descends rapidly towards the border with Marche with a few bends until it reaches a barrel bridge built entirely of stone during the 19th century.
An Umbrian and then Roman temple dedicated to Jupiter Apenninus once stood there, as is also suggested by some Roman baths found nearby.
# VDR

VDR may refer to:
* V$^{dr}$, an archaic abbreviation for "van der"
* vdR, abbreviation for "van der Roest", a family name of Dutch origin
* Vandalur railway station, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (station code)
* Verein Deutscher Rosenfreunde, the Union of German Friends of Roses
* Vertical dimension at rest, a mandibular position used in dentistry to estimate vertical dimension of occlusion
* Virginia Declaration of Rights
* Virtual data room
* Vitamin D receptor
* Video Disk Recorder, also known as Linux VDR, a software to record and store digital video on a Linux computer
* Voltage-dependent resistor
* Volunteer Disaster Responder
* Voyage Data Recorder, an electronic device on ships that records navigational status for later accident investigation (a type of black box)
* Vehicle data recorder, an electronic device in automotive units that records OBDII CAN BUS data
* Voltage Divider Rule, or Voltage Division Rule, a fundamental of electronics, that a point between multiple resistors will be at a voltage based on the ratio of resistor values. Vout=Vin∗ R2/(R1+R2) {\textstyle Vout=Vin*{\frac {R2}{R1+R2}}}
# St Stephen's Church, Prenton

St Stephen's Church is in Prenton Lane, Prenton, Birkenhead, Wirral, Merseyside, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Birkenhead, the archdeaconry of Chester, and the diocese of Chester. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

## History

The church was built in two phases. The first phase was in 1896–97, it was designed by C. E. Deacon, and comprised the four western bays of the nave and the porches. The second phase came in 1908–09, by Deacon and Horsburgh, when another bay was added to the nave, and the chancel and vestries were built. A tower and spire were planned above the west bay of the chancel, but these were never built.

## Architecture
### Exterior

St Stephen's is constructed in sandstone, and is in Gothic Revival style. The internal walls are in brick, and the roofs are tiled. Its plan consists of a nave with north and south aisles under lean-to roofs, projecting chapels at the east of the aisles, a chancel, and vestries. The west window has five lights. Along the walls of the aisles are groups of stepped lancet windows, two in the west and east bays, and four in the intermediate bays, and doorways towards the western ends. At the east end are buttresses with pyramidal roofs, and the east window consists of five stepped lancets.

### Interior

Inside the church the four-bay arcades are carried on square chamfered piers with capitals carved with foliage. The arches are plain and chamfered. The chancel arch is sharply pointed, and its capitals are carved with angels. In the chancel is a brick sedilia with putti in terracotta. The southeast chapel has a painted ceiling and fittings dating from 1970 designed by Dykes Bower. The reredos, altar, stalls, and pulpit were designed by Deacon and carved by Harry Hems. The chapel screen of 1949 was designed by Bernard Miller and painted by Martin Bell. The stained glass in the east window is in the form of a war memorial; it dates from 1926 and is by Powells. There is also a window of 1927 by Powells in the chapel. In the south aisle are windows by Trena Cox, one of 1970 by A. V. Holloway, and a Millennium window by J. Lawson. The glass in the west window dates from 1973. The pipe organ was made in 1899 by P. Conacher, and restored in 1909 by Gray and Davison. This has been superseded by a Makin electronic organ.

## Appraisal

The church was designated as a Grade II listed building on 28 March 1974 Grade II is the lowest of the three grades of listing and is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". Hartwell et al. in the Buildings of England series comment that it is a "grand church, noble in size, original in design and excellent in its fitting-out".
# Vidar Ulriksen

Vidar Ulriksen (born 11 December 1953) is a Norwegian fisher and politician for the Labour Party.
He was a member of the national board of Norges Fiskarlag from 1986 to 1996, the last eight years as deputy leader. He chaired this organization on a regional level from 1984 to 1994.
When Stoltenberg's Second Cabinet assumed office following the 2005 election, he was appointed State Secretary in the Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs. He left in January 2011. On the local level he has been a member of Flora city council, and a board member of the regional party chapter.
# Schoonschip

Schoonschip was one of the first computer algebra systems, developed in 1963 by Martinus J. G. Veltman, for use in particle physics.
"Schoonschip" refers to the Dutch expression "schoon schip maken": to make a clean sweep, to clean/clear things up (literally: to make the ship clean). The name was chosen "among others to annoy everybody, who could not speak Dutch".
Veltman initially developed the program to compute the quadrupole moment of the W boson, the computation of which involved "a monstrous expression involving in the order of 50,000 terms in intermediate stages"
The initial version, dating to December 1963, ran on an IBM 7094 mainframe. In 1966 it was ported to the CDC 6600 mainframe, and later to most of the rest of Control Data's CDC line. In 1983 it was ported to the Motorola 68000 microprocessor, allowing its use on a number of 68000-based systems running variants of Unix.
FORM can be regarded, in a sense, as the successor to Schoonschip.
Contacts with Veltman about Schoonschip have been important for Stephen Wolfram in building Mathematica.
# Ghana Optometric Association

The Ghana Optometric Association (GOA) is the professional body responsible for the development of the optometry profession in Ghana.

## History

The association was formed in 1997 to unite the optometry professionals as well as provide a united front to promote the activities of member.

## Executives

Five executives lead the GOA. It is headed by the late Dr. Julius Darko as president of GOA, then subsequently Dr. Samuel O. Asiedu. Supt.Dr. Remi Ninkpe is the immediate past president.Prof Samuel Bert Boadi Kusi is the current president

## Activities

The association in 2009 passed a resolution mandating all optometrists wanting to be members to write a professional exam. Upon successfully passing the exam, the certification required to practice optometry in Ghana is awarded. The group has about 200 members. In 2010, the Ghana Optometric Association along with the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology's Faculty of Distance Learning rolled out a two-year program to offer all members of GOA who did not have the Doctor of Optometry degree to enroll for it.
# V. Govindan

V. Govindan (1940/1941 – 23 October 2021) was an Indian politician who served as Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly from Pernambut constituency as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate in the 1989 and 1996 elections. The constituency was reserved for candidates from the Scheduled Castes.
# Tyson Pencer

Tyson Pencer (born February 10, 1989) is a Canadian football offensive lineman who is currently a free agent. He was ranked as the ninth best player in the Canadian Football League’s Amateur Scouting Bureau September rankings for players eligible in the 2012 CFL Draft. After redshirting for the 2008 season, Pencer played his freshman and sophomore seasons for the Washington State Cougars in 2009 and 2010. He left the program for personal reasons and played for the Okanagan Sun of the Canadian Junior Football League in 2011.

## Professional career
### Winnipeg Blue Bombers

Pencer was selected 3rd overall in the 2012 CFL Draft by the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of Canadian Football League. He signed with the team on May 30, 2012. He was released on June 12, 2014

### Edmonton Eskimos

Pencer signed with the Edmonton Eskimos on May 14, 2015.
# Rycroft

Rycroft may refer to:

## People

* Al Rycroft (born 1950), Canadian ice hockey player
* Andrew Rycroft (born 1955), British microbiologist
* Carter Rycroft (born 1977), Canadian curler
* Charles Rycroft (businessman) (1901–1998), British businessman and philanthropist
* Charles Rycroft (1914–1998), British psychologist and writer
* Leanne Rycroft (born 1969), Australian gymnast
* Mark Rycroft (born 1978), Canadian ice hockey player
* Martin Rycroft (born 1983), Welsh pop singer
* Matthew Rycroft (born 1968), British diplomat
* Melissa Rycroft (born 1983), American reality television star
* Michael Rycroft (born 1938), British ionospheric physicist
* Philip Rycroft (born 1961), British civil servant
* Richard Rycroft (born 1960), English actor and comedian
* William Rycroft (1861–1925), British army general and colonial governor
* Rycroft baronets in the Baronetcy of Great Britain

## Places

* Rycroft, Alberta, a village in northern Alberta, Canada
# Stamnoctenis pearsalli

Stamnoctenis pearsalli is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Stamnoctenis pearsalli is 7357. They tend to keep their wings up when landed, where they can be recognized by the line visible on the lower part of their wing.
# Hyperwords

Hyperwords or liquid information refers to text that can be sent to programs or services (such as emails, dictionaries, online translators) through a simple set of commands. It is a selection-based interface which can be used for references, searches, blogging, emailing, copying, conversions and language translation.
The project grew out of a research project at University College London. It was taken on by The Hyperwords Company, renamed to The Liquid Information Company in 2012, where it was then developed and maintained from its London, UK offices until its dissolution in 2014. Frode Hegland was the head of the company. The original development of Liquid (OS X) was by Daoxin Z. in China, followed by Konstantin R. (TIANI Studio) in Poland and Zuzex in Russia.
The company's advisory board included Douglas Engelbart, Ted Nelson, Vint Cerf, Dave Farber, Bruce Horn and Douglas Rushkoff.

## Browser extensions

The concept has been implemented as a server plug-in and as a plug-in for the Firefox, Flock, Chrome and Safari web browsers.

### Liquid Browser

The Liquid Browser add-ons for Firefox, Chrome, and Safari were developed by Mikhail S. and Alex V. in Russia, and Tobias H. in Germany, until it was discontinued.
# Shahjahanpur (disambiguation)

Shahjahanpur may refer to:

## Bangladesh

* Shajahanpur Upazila
* Shahjahanpur Thana
* Shahjahanpur, neighbourhood in Shahjahanpur Thana, Dhaka Division

## India

* Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh
** Shahjahanpur (Assembly constituency)
** Shahjahanpur (Lok Sabha constituency)
** Shahjahanpur railway station
* Shahjahanpur district, Uttar Pradesh
* Shahjahanpur, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
* Shahjahanpur Village, Neemrana, Ragasthan
* Shahjahanpur, Sultanpur Lodhi, Punjab
# Robert Tobin (disambiguation)

Robert Tobin may refer to:
* Robert Deam Tobin (1961–2022), American academic
* Robert Tobin (born 1983), British athlete
# Vidar Sundstøl

Vidar Sundstøl (born 30 June 1963) is a Norwegian writer. He received the crime fiction award, the Riverton Prize, for 2008.

## Biography

Born in Drangedal on 30 June 1963, Sundstøl made his literary debut in 2005, with the novel Kommandolinjer. Further novels are I Alexandria from 2006 and Tingene hennes from 2007. He was awarded the Riverton Prize for the novel Drømmenes land from 2008.
# Ghosting

Ghosting may refer to:

## Common uses

* Ghosting (identity theft), a form of identity theft, whereby a person takes on the identity of a deceased person
* Ghosting (incarceration), repeatedly moving a prisoner through different institutions to avoid scrutiny, or because the prisoner has become unmanageable
* Ghosting (behavior), ending all communication and contact with another person without any apparent warning or justification
* Ghosting (television), a double image when receiving a distorted or multipath input signal in analog television broadcasting
* Ghosting (medical imaging), a visual artifact that occurs in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans
* Ghosting, an offset printing defect produced in one of two ways, in which faint replicas of printed images appear in undesirable places
* Comment ghosting, a form of stealth banning on internet forums
* Key ghosting, a phenomenon where multiple simultaneous key presses on a computer keyboard can result in incorrectly registered keystrokes
* Lens flare, an optical effect caused by internal reflections
* Multiple appearances of the same object in high dynamic range imaging, where multiple images are merged into one.

## Arts, entertainment, and media
### Music

* "Ghosting" (song), a song by Joe Bermudez
* "Ghostin", a song by Ariana Grande
* "Ghosting", a song by Mother Mother from the 2008 album O My Heart

### Video games

* Ghosting (strategy), a way of playing a video game that emphasizes stealthiness
* Ghosting, a form of cheating in online games
# Vadhane

Vadhane is a village in the Palghar district of Maharashtra, India. It is located in the Dahanu taluka.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Vadhane has 255 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 44.06%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 1357 | 672 | 685 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 229 | 124 | 105 |
| Scheduled caste | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Scheduled tribe | 1251 | 620 | 631 |
| Literates | 497 | 315 | 182 |
| Workers (all) | 740 | 366 | 374 |
| Main workers (total) | 708 | 351 | 357 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 353 | 199 | 154 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 217 | 121 | 96 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Main workers: Other | 138 | 31 | 107 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 32 | 15 | 17 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 25 | 12 | 13 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 5 | 1 | 4 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Non-workers | 617 | 306 | 311 |
# Tysta Mari

Tysta Mari was a famous coffee shop and restaurant in Stockholm, Sweden, known to be popular with artists, intellectuals and journalists. It was established in 1834 by Maria Christina Lindström (1806–1895) on the intersection of Jakobsgatan and Drottninggatan. The original Tysta Mari was closed in 1954, but a new coffee shop and restaurant with the same names was opened in 1974 on Östermalm.

## Overview

It got its name Tysta Mari (literary: "Silent Mary") as a description the founder Maria Christina Lindström's unobtrusive and discreet way of doing business and serving, and after this name became common, she made the nickname the cafe's official name.
In 1934, Tysta Mari moved to a location on Tegelbacken. Maria Christina Lindström retired in 1857 and the business was continued by first her cousin Elise Granberg and in 1879 by the sisters Amalia and Mina Damberg. The Tysta Mari finally closed its doors in 1954, when the locale Tegelbacken was demolished for renovations and building of a more modern edifice.
Tysta Mari was famous in 19th-century Stockholm and came to be the common used name for a certain category of coffee shops, often managed by women, where no alcohol was served, no gaming and betting was allowed, and which therefore became socially acceptable for a clientele of upperclass women. This was noted in the a book about Stockholm, Nya Stockholm ('New Stockholm') by Claës Lundin in 1890, who described the name in this capacity in his description of the contemporary restaurant-life in Stockholm:
    "Tysta Mari-coffee shops: common name for a coffee shop with a good range, solid service and quiet and decent customers. In those, one commonly sees many ladies among the clientele."

## In popular culture
### Tysta Marigången

* The café gave its name to Tysta Marigången, the walkway and shopping arcade between Tegelbacken (the café's famous location) and Klara Västra Church. Around the middle of the tunnel is a staircase that leads up to Herkulesgatan and in the north a staircase leading up to Vattugatan. It was named Tysta Marigången in 1970.

### Others

* Writer Claës Lundin dedicated a chapter in his 1890 book Nya Stockholm to the coffee shop.
* The name Tysta Mari was adopted by a restaurant establishment that opened with independent management in 1974 in Östermalmshallen. It is part of the retail and restaurant group "Melanders fisk".
* Its name was used by a Swedish musical group Tysta Mari.
# List of number-one hits of 1979 (Germany)

This is a list of the German Media Control Top100 Singles Chart number-ones of 1979.
| Issue date | Song | Artist |
| 1 January | "Y.M.C.A." | Village People |
| 8 January | "Mary's Boy Child" | Boney M. |
| 15 January | "Y.M.C.A." | Village People |
| 22 January | "Y.M.C.A." | Village People |
| 29 January | "Y.M.C.A." | Village People |
| 5 February | "Y.M.C.A." | Village People |
| 12 February | "Y.M.C.A." | Village People |
| 19 February | "Y.M.C.A." | Village People |
| 26 February | "Y.M.C.A." | Village People |
| 5 March | "Heart of Glass" | Blondie |
| 12 March | "Heart of Glass" | Blondie |
| 19 March | "Heart of Glass" | Blondie |
| 26 March | "Heart of Glass" | Blondie |
| 2 April | "Heart of Glass" | Blondie |
| 9 April | "Heart of Glass" | Blondie |
| 16 April | "Dschinghis Khan" | Dschinghis Khan |
| 23 April | "Dschinghis Khan" | Dschinghis Khan |
| 30 April | "Dschinghis Khan" | Dschinghis Khan |
| 7 May | "Dschinghis Khan" | Dschinghis Khan |
| 14 May | "Born to Be Alive" | Patrick Hernandez |
| 21 May | "Born to Be Alive" | Patrick Hernandez |
| 28 May | "Born to Be Alive" | Patrick Hernandez |
| 4 June | "Born to Be Alive" | Patrick Hernandez |
| 11 June | "Born to Be Alive" | Patrick Hernandez |
| 18 June | "Pop Muzik" | M |
| 25 June | "Pop Muzik" | M |
| 2 July | "Pop Muzik" | M |
| 9 July | "Pop Muzik" | M |
| 16 July | "Pop Muzik" | M |
| 23 July | "Pop Muzik" | M |
| 30 July | "So Bist Du" | Peter Maffay |
| 6 August | "So Bist Du" | Peter Maffay |
| 13 August | "So Bist Du" | Peter Maffay |
| 20 August | "El Lute" | Boney M. |
| 27 August | "El Lute" | Boney M. |
| 3 September | "El Lute" | Boney M. |
| 10 September | "El Lute" | Boney M. |
| 17 September | "El Lute" | Boney M. |
| 24 September | "El Lute" | Boney M. |
| 1 October | "El Lute" | Boney M. |
| 8 October | "El Lute" | Boney M. |
| 15 October | "We Don't Talk Anymore" | Cliff Richard |
| 22 October | "We Don't Talk Anymore" | Cliff Richard |
| 29 October | "We Don't Talk Anymore" | Cliff Richard |
| 5 November | "We Don't Talk Anymore" | Cliff Richard |
| 12 November | "We Don't Talk Anymore" | Cliff Richard |
| 19 November | "Maybe" | Thom Pace |
| 26 November | "Maybe" | Thom Pace |
| 3 December | "Maybe" | Thom Pace |
| 10 December | "Maybe" | Thom Pace |
| 17 December | "Maybe" | Thom Pace |
| 24 December | "Maybe" | Thom Pace |
| 31 December | "Maybe" | Thom Pace |
# Merindad de Cuesta Urria

Merindad de Cuesta-Urria is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 500 inhabitants. Its seat is in Nofuentes.
# Hypervolemia

Hypervolemia, also known as fluid overload, is the medical condition where there is too much fluid in the blood. The opposite condition is hypovolemia, which is too little fluid volume in the blood. Fluid volume excess in the intravascular compartment occurs due to an increase in total body sodium content and a consequent increase in extracellular body water. The mechanism usually stems from compromised regulatory mechanisms for sodium handling as seen in congestive heart failure (CHF), kidney failure, and liver failure. It may also be caused by excessive intake of sodium from foods, intravenous (IV) solutions and blood transfusions, medications, or diagnostic contrast dyes. Treatment typically includes administration of diuretics and limit the intake of water, fluids, sodium, and salt.

## Signs and symptoms

The excess fluid, primarily salt and water, builds up in various locations in the body and leads to an increase in weight, swelling in the legs and arms (peripheral edema), and/or fluid in the abdomen (ascites). Eventually, the fluid enters the air spaces in the lungs (pulmonary edema) reduces the amount of oxygen that can enter the blood, leading to anemia and causes shortness of breath (dyspnea) or enters pleural space by transudation (pleural effusion which also causes dyspnea), which is the best indicator of estimating central venous pressure is increased. It can also cause swelling of the face. Fluid can also collect in the lungs when lying down at night, possibly making nighttime breathing and sleeping difficult (paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea).

### Complications

Congestive heart failure is the most common result of fluid overload. Also, it may be associated with hyponatremia (hypervolemic hyponatremia).

## Causes

Excessive sodium and/or fluid intake:
* IV therapy containing sodium
* As a transfusion reaction to a rapid blood transfusion.
* High intake of sodium
Sodium and water retention:
* Heart failure
* Liver cirrhosis
* Nephrotic syndrome
* Corticosteroid therapy
* Hyperaldosteronism
* Low protein intake
Fluid shift into the intravascular space:
* Fluid remobilization after burn treatment
* Administration of hypertonic fluids, e.g. mannitol or hypertonic saline solution
* Administration of plasma proteins, such as albumin

## Treatment

Treatment includes diuretics, particularly loop diuretics.
# Robert Wylie (artist)

Robert Wylie (c. 1839 - February 4, 1877), American artist, was born in the Isle of Man and relocated with his parents to the United States as a child.
Wylie studied in the schools of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia, later serving as a curator. In 1860, he helped found the Philadelphia Sketch Club, now one of the nation's oldest artists' clubs. His early work as a sculptor in Philadelphia is little known, with only a few works positively attributed to him.
In 1863, the directors of the Pennsylvania Academy sent Wylie to France to study. He went to Pont-Aven, Brittany, where he remained until his death there in 1877. He painted Breton peasants and scenes in the history of Brittany; among his important works was a large canvas, "The Death of a Vendean Chief," now at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. He won a medal of the second class at the Paris Salon of 1872.
# Villa del Rosario, Paraguay

Villa del Rosario is a district in the department of San Pedro, Paraguay.
# Schutz Lake

Schutz Lake is a lake in Carver County, Minnesota, in the United States.
Schutz Lake was named for Matthias Schutz, a pioneer who settled near this lake.
# Gheorghe Florescu (sport shooter)

Gheorghe Florescu (born 18 February 1928) is a Romanian former sports shooter. He competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics.