OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Embassy of Norway, London

The Embassy of Norway in London at 25 Belgrave Square is the diplomatic mission of Norway in the United Kingdom. The embassy is located on Belgrave Square in a building it has occupied since 1949.
The embassy is situated in a c.1825 stucco terrace designed by George Basevi on Belgrave Square in Belgravia, Westminster, London. The building is part of a single group of Grade I listed buildings at 25—36 Belgrave Square.
# Enchocrates

Enchocrates is a genus of moths of the family Oecophoridae.

## Species

* Enchocrates glaucopis Meyrick, 1883
* Enchocrates habroschema (Turner, 1946)
* Enchocrates phaedryntis Meyrick, 1888
* Enchocrates picrophylla Meyrick, 1886
* Enchocrates vesperascens Meyrick, 1921
# Enchocrates habroschema

Enchocrates habroschema is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1946. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from South Australia.
# Englancourt

Englancourt (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
# EndoStim Electrical Stimulation Therapy

EndoStim Electrical Stimulation Therapy is a form of anti-reflux surgery, intended to assist in correcting a problem with the muscles at the bottom of the esophagus (the tube from the mouth to the stomach). Problems with these muscles allow gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) to happen. The procedure was developed by Endostim, based in St. Louis, Missouri, and Amsterdam, Netherlands.

## Technique

EndoStim therapy directly targets the weak lower esophageal sphincter (LES) muscle, without altering anatomy or using mechanical constraints. EndoStim's proprietary technology uses functional electrical stimulation (a type of neuromodulation) to restore esophageal function, thereby reducing GERD symptoms. Tiny pulses of electric current are delivered to the LES without causing any sensation.
The implantable pulse generator (IPG) and bipolar lead deliver therapy to the lower esophageal sphincter. The IPG is a small device similar to a pacemaker and is implanted under the skin of the abdomen. The lead connects two electrodes from the IPG to the esophagus. Both the IPG and lead are placed laparoscopically through a short, minimally-invasive procedure under general anesthesia.
The implantation procedure lasts approximately 40 minutes, and involves attaching two small electrodes from the lead to the lower esophagus. The lead is brought out into a small pocket located under the abdominal skin and connected to the stimulation device (IPG). Minimally-invasive procedures have been shown to dramatically reduce healing time as well as reduce procedure risk.
The first clinical study using EndoStim technology was published in 2010, showing that in patients with GERD, electrical stimulation therapy significantly and consistently increased LES pressure.
An open-label trial conducted in Chile showed the procedure showed “significant and sustained improvement in GERD symptoms, esophageal pH, and reduction in proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) usage without any side effects” in patients.

## Usage

Endostim therapy is currently not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
The procedure, however, received the CE mark allowing implants in Europe. Endostim is carried out in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Brazil, Hong Kong, India, Denmark, Germany, Netherlands and Switzerland.
# Energit (band)

Energit is a Czech jazz fusion band from Prague founded in 1973 by guitarist Luboš Andršt, singer Ivan Khunt, drummer Jaroslav Erno Šedivý, and bassist Vladimír Padrůněk. The band's first lineup was short-lived, as that year, Šedivý and Khunt emigrated. In the mid 1970s, their sound was strongly influenced by fusion bands such as the Mahavishnu Orchestra, while also incorporating a horn section. Over the following years, the band featured a number of other musicians, including well-known Czech fusion and rock musicians such as singer Vladimír Mišík, drummer Anatoli Kohout, and pianist Emil Viklický, before disbanding in 1980. In the 2000s, Energit regrouped for live performances under the name Energit Luboše Andršta, with Andršt on electric guitar (until his death in 2021), drummer Jiří Zelenka, bassist Vladimír Guma Kulhánek, and keyboardist/singer Jan Holeček.

## Discography

Studio albums
* Energit (1975)
* Piknik (1978)
* Time's Arrow (2017)
EPs
* Mini Jazz Klub 6 (1976)
* Jazzrockova Dílna 2 (1977)
# Enhanced coal bed methane recovery

Enhanced coal bed methane recovery is a method of producing additional coalbed methane from a source rock, similar to enhanced oil recovery applied to oil fields. Carbon dioxide (CO$_2$) injected into a bituminous coal bed would occupy pore space and also adsorb onto the carbon in the coal at approximately twice the rate of methane (CH$_4$), allowing for potential enhanced gas recovery. This technique may be used in conjunction with carbon capture and storage in mitigation of global warming where the carbon dioxide that is sequestered is captured from the output of fossil fuel power plants.
A research project at ETH Zurich is studying the process of pumping carbon dioxide into unminable coal seams and recovering the methane that is subsequently displaced.
An extensive experimental investigation about the process of desorbing methane by adsorbing carbon dioxide in real coal samples was performed. The proof of principle and the technical feasibility of the method could be verified with these measurements. These research results indicate that CBM can become an alternative to conventional natural gas. ECBM provides additional to CBM the advantage of long-term CO$_2$ storage in the underground coal seams.
However, without other incentives, enhanced coal bed methane recovery is not economical as the commercial value of the released methane does not completely offset the cost of pumping.
Penetration of CO$_2$ into coal is simulated using a stress-enhanced diffusion model.
# Energy World

Energy World was a demonstration project of 51 low-energy houses constructed in the Shenley Lodge area of Milton Keynes, United Kingdom. The project was promoted by the Milton Keynes Development Corporation and culminated in a public exhibition in August and October 1986 that attracted international interest. It was a significant landmark in the design and construction of low-energy housing, and in the development of energy efficiency evaluation tools. It has had a long-term impact on Government policy and within the national house-building industry, insofar as the progressive 'tightening up' of the energy section of the Building Regulations has largely been founded on this pioneering work.
The houses were designed to be at least 30% more efficient than the Building Regulations then in force. The architecture and technologies used was very varied, and included designs from Canada (the first R-2000 house in the UK), Denmark, Finland, Germany, and Sweden. Although it was later removed, the exhibition also featured a wind turbine, then an uncommon sight.
The United Kingdom House of Commons commissioned an environmental study of housing sustainability in the 2004–2005 session. One expert witness testified that Milton Keynes housing was continuing to sell for 3% above the price of other housing in the area, while responding to a committee member's question whether environmentally-friendly houses were marketable.
Energy World was one of several low-energy projects built in the Milton Keynes area. These included trials on a number of individual houses and the construction of 177 houses in the 1970s Pennyland project. Following the success of Energy World, 1,200 dwellings were built to the same (or better) energy standard in the rest of Shenley Lodge (known as 'the Energy Park'), and the same standard was subsequently applied Citywide. The concept of the Energy Park was extended into non-residential buildings built across Watling Street in Knowlhill where a number of low energy office buildings have been constructed including the two phases of the headquarters buildings of the National Energy Foundation.

## Home energy efficiency rating schemes

Another area where Energy World continues to have an impact derives from the Milton Keynes Energy Cost Index (MKECI) , which was used to calculate the energy efficiency of the Energy World houses. Based on the results and feedback from Energy World, this was to evolve into the UK's first national energy efficiency rating scheme for buildings, with the launch in 1990 of the National Home Energy Rating scheme (NHER) . This, in turn, gave rise to the introduction in 1995 of the Standard Assessment Procedure (SAP) rating system used in the national Building Regulations and in home Energy Performance Certificates (originally introduced in 2007 as part of the Home Information Pack).
# Englishtown, Nova Scotia

Englishtown is an unincorporated area in the Municipality of the County of Victoria, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is the site of the Englishtown Ferry cable ferry that carries Nova Scotia Route 312 across St. Anns Harbour.
The area was known as Mohagadecek by the Miꞌkmaq. It is one of the oldest settlements in North America, having been established as a French fishing port in 1597. In 1629, Charles Daniel constructed Fort Sainte Anne, the first French fortification in Île-Royale. It was the site of the first Jesuit mission in North America. Along with St. Peter's, Nova Scotia, it was the only settlement on Ile Royale prior to Louisbourg. The French also knew it as Grand Cibou, and Port Dauphin. It was called Baile nan Gall (Town of the English) in Scottish Gaelic. After 1669 there were no (European) inhabitants in the area for the next 50 years.
Settlers arrive in the late 1700s. Little is known about them since their immediate descendants emigrated in search of better conditions.
A well-known resident from the 1800s was giant Angus McAskill.
# Enrico Lorenzetti

Enrico Lorenzetti (4 January 1911 – 8 August 1989) was an Italian professional Grand Prix motorcycle road racer who competed in the 1940s and 1950s.
He competed in the 1949 season riding a 500 cc Moto Guzzi and finished eighth overall with 7 points behind Johnny Lockett. On 30 April 1950, Lorenzetti won the prestigious, pre-season Mettet Grand Prix invitational race. In 1952, he won the 250 cc World Championship for Moto Guzzi.

## Motorcycle Grand Prix results

1949 point system:
| Position | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Fastest lap |
| Points | 10 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 1 |
Points system from 1950 to 1968:
| Position | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Points | 8 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
(Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
| Year | Class | Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | Points | Rank | Wins |
| 1949 | 500cc | Moto Guzzi | IOM - | SUI - | NED - | BEL 3 | ULS - | NAT - | | | | 7 | 8th | 0 |
| 1951 | 250cc | Moto Guzzi | | SUI - | IOM 3 | | | FRA - | ULS - | NAT 1 | | 12 | 4th | 1 |
| 1951 | 500cc | Moto Guzzi | ESP - | SUI 3 | IOM - | BEL 3 | NED - | FRA - | ULS - | NAT - | | 8 | 8th | 0 |
| 1952 | 250cc | Moto Guzzi | SUI 2 | IOM 2 | NED 1 | GER - | ULS 2 | NAT 1 | ESP - | | | 28 | 1st | 2 |
| 1953 | 250cc | Moto Guzzi | IOM - | NED 4 | | GER - | | ULS 4 | SUI 4 | NAT 1 | ESP 1 | 22 | 4th | 2 |
| 1953 | 350cc | Moto Guzzi | IOM - | NED 1 | BEL 2 | | FRA 3 | ULS - | SUI - | NAT 1 | ESP - | 26 | 2nd | 2 |
| 1954 | 350cc | Moto Guzzi | FRA - | IOM - | ULS - | BEL 4 | NED 2 | GER - | SUI - | NAT 2 | ESP 8 | 15 | 5th | 0 |
| 1955 | 250cc | Moto Guzzi | | IOM - | GER - | | NED 4 | ULS - | NAT - | | | 3 | 12th | 0 |
| 1955 | 350cc | Moto Guzzi | FRA - | IOM - | GER - | BEL - | NED - | ULS - | NAT 4 | | | 3 | 12th | 0 |
| 1956 | 250cc | Moto Guzzi | IOM - | NED 3 | BEL - | GER - | ULS - | NAT 2 | | | | 10 | 3rd | 0 |
| 1957 | 250cc | Moto Guzzi | GER 4 | IOM - | NED - | BEL - | ULS - | NAT 3 | | | | 7 | 9th | 0 |
# Energy gap

In solid-state physics, an energy gap or band gap is an energy range in a solid where no electron states exist, i.e. an energy range where the density of states vanishes.
Especially in condensed matter physics, an energy gap is often known more abstractly as a spectral gap, a term which need not be specific to electrons or solids.

## Band gap

If an energy gap exists in the band structure of a material, it is called band gap. The physical properties of semiconductors are to a large extent determined by their band gaps, but also for insulators and metals the band structure—and thus any possible band gaps—govern their electronic properties.

## Superconductors

For superconductors the energy gap is a region of suppressed density of states around the Fermi energy, with the size of the energy gap much smaller than the energy scale of the band structure. The superconducting energy gap is a key aspect in the theoretical description of superconductivity and thus features prominently in BCS theory. Here, the size of the energy gap indicates the energy gain for two electrons upon formation of a Cooper pair. If a conventional superconducting material is cooled from its metallic state (at higher temperatures) into the superconducting state, then the superconducting energy gap is absent above the critical temperature $T_{\rm {c}}$, it starts to open upon entering the superconducting state at $T_{\rm {c}}$, and it grows upon further cooling. BCS theory predicts that the size $\Delta$ of the superconducting energy gap for conventional superconductors at zero temperature scales with their critical temperature $T_{\rm {c}}$: $\Delta (T=0)=1.764\,k_{\rm {B}}T_{\rm {c}}$ (with Boltzmann constant $k_{\rm {B}}$).

## Pseudogap

If the density of states is suppressed near the Fermi energy but does not fully vanish, then this suppression is called pseudogap. Pseudogaps are experimentally observed in a variety of material classes; a prominent example are the cuprate high-temperature superconductors.

## Hard gap vs. soft gap

If the density of states vanishes over an extended energy range, then this is called a hard gap. If instead the density of states exactly vanishes only for a single energy value (while being suppressed, but not vanishing for nearby energy values), then this is called a soft gap. A prototypical example of a soft gap is the Coulomb gap that exists in localized electron states with Coulomb interaction.
# Enghien-les-Bains station

Enghien-les-Bains is a railway station in the commune of Enghien-les-Bains (Val-d'Oise department), France. The station is served by trains of the Transilien Paris Nord line H, from Paris to Pontoise and Persan-Beaumont. The daily number of passengers was between 7,500 and 15,000 in 2002.

## History

The station was opened on July 11, 1846, by the Compagnie du Nord. Trains from Paris to Lille and the Belgian border stopped at the station twice every hour. After the construction of a more direct line between Saint-Denis and Creil in 1859, the station is mainly used for local traffic. Between 1866 and 1954 the station was also the terminus of a branch line to Montmorency, known as the Refoulons. Until 1935, it was the terminus for tramway lines to Montmorency and to la Trinité in Paris, 9th arr.
Between April and May 1969, the line Paris-Pontoise was electrified and automatic signals were installed.

## Service

The station is served by 4 trains an hour (8 trains during peak hours) in both directions: Paris-Nord and Ermont-Eaubonne. It takes 9 to 15 minutes to reach Paris.
At the station, connection exists to the following bus services:
* RATP: 154 and 256
* R'Bus: 514
* Valmy: 11, 13, 14, 15A, 15M, Blue (Bleue), Red (Rouge), Green (Verte)
* Noctilien: N51

## Gallery

* The front of the station
* View of the station from pl. Foch
* Gare d'Enghien-les-Bains in the early 20th century
* Gare d'Enghien-les-Bains, with a tram to la Trinité
* The former departure hall of the Refoulons line to Montmorency, now a bus station.
* The bus station
# Endongo

The endongo is a musical instrument, considered the national instrument of the Baganda people of Uganda. It is a member of a family of lyres which can be found, with variations, in many areas throughout East Africa. The endongo is specifically a Kiganda bowl lyre, with the face of the bowl covered with the skin of either a monitor lizard or ant lizard.
The endongo is found within the interlacustrine area of Uganda, which are “the kingdom-states around the northern, western, and southern shores of Lake Victoria and the area between Lake Victoria and the chain of lakes: Lake Albert, Lake Edward, Lake Kivu and Lake Tanganyika”. The bowl lyre present in Uganda is played by two particular tribes, the Basoga, who name the instrument entongoli, and the Baganda, who call it the endongo.
The bowl lyre can be heard at school festivals, and at weddings when playing music to lead a wedding dance. It is mainly played by men such as griots (or praise-singers), and is played either solo or to accompany songs of praise. Today, few endongos are manufactured as it is considered one of the most difficult instruments to make.

## History

How or when the lyre was introduced to the area that is now Uganda is unknown. Wachsmann (1971) speculates that the instrument emerged with the Luo migrations from Sudan in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. It was then adopted by the Basoga, and afterwards, finally reached the court of the Baganda King Mutesa I.

## Construction and Design

Similar to other instruments from the lyre family, the endongo has a yoke supported by two arms which rise from each side of the sound box, with strings passing from the base of the sound box to the yoke. The endongo's sound box is in the shape of a bowl, hence the term bowl lyre. It has an almost hemispherical shape, and is generally carved from the hardwood makembya tree (also known as olusambya). In the past, the skin of the monitor lizard (locally known as enswaswa) was used to cover the bowl to act as a sound board. Due to the status of the monitor lizard as a protected species and the extremely high price of its skin, ant lizard skin has become more commonly used to construct the instrument. Still, the drier ant lizard skin is considered inferior due to its lesser pliability.

## Audio Examples (External Links)

Songs with endongo bowl lyre and a humorous song with drums from the Ganda of Buganda district (Central Province), Uganda By Various Artists recorded in 1950, From Smithsonian Folkways
Joel Sebunjo: "Heart of a Griot" Royal Endongo Music of Uganda
Endongo (bowl lyre) scale, sung by Albert Ssempeke Part of Peter Cooke Uganda Recordings
"Nnakatanza" performed by Evaristo Muyinda Historical song, sung to the bowl lyre endongo
# Eodictyonella

Eodictyonella is a genus of rhynchonelliform brachiopods belonging to the extinct class Chileata. It is characterised by a non-strophic shell covered by a net-like ornament (Greek dictyon, a net). Like in most chileates, the perforation in the umbonal region of the ventral valve is covered by a colleplax. Eodictyonella is known from the Ordovician to the Lower Devonian.
It had initially been described as Dictyonella Hall, 1868; however, this name proved to be a younger homonym of Dictyonella Schmidt, 1868, a sponge, so has been replaced by Eodictyonella Wright, 1994.
Eodictyonella belongs to the family Eichwaldiidae Schuchert, 1893 and to the order Dictyonellida Cooper, 1956. The latter is based on Eodictyonella under its former name. However, Dictyonellidae is a family of sponges.
Isogramma belongs to the same order, but its external aspect is rather different from Eodictyonella; Isogramma has a strophic shell.
# Enrico Insabato

Enrico Insabato (born 1878 in Bologna and died in 1963) was an Italian orientalist and scholar of Islam. Some of his works are related with the history of research on Ibadism.

## Works related to Ibadism

* Insabato, E.: (1918) Gli Abaditi del Gebel Nefusa a la politica islamica in Tripolitania. Rome 1918. Istituto Coloniale Italiano. Sezione Studi e Propaganda. Memorie e Monografie Coloniali. Serie Islamica-1.
* Insabato, Enrico: (1920) L'Islam et la politique des alliés. L'Islam mystique et schismatique. Le problème du Khalifat. Adapté de l'Italien par Magali-Boisnard. Nancey/Paris/Strasbourg: Berger- Levrault, 1920.
# Eois isabella

Eois isabella is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Mexico.
# Eois internexa

Eois internexa is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Colombia.
# Entertain Magazine

Entertain Magazine was a British newsstand magazine devoted to film, DVD, video games and Themed Entertainment. It was published every two months, with the first issue going on sale in January 2007. The publication was notable as the first UK news trade, entertainment magazine to be published on DVD format. During its run, Entertain featured exclusive video features on Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, Star Trek, The Simpsons Ride at Universal Studios Hollywood, The Wizarding World of Harry Potter at Universal Orlando and Thunderbirds "Stand By for Action".
The magazine ceased publication after 22 issues.
# Entertainer's Basketball Classic

Entertainer's Basketball Classic is a basketball tournament held at Rucker Park in New York City. It was founded by Greg Marius in 1982. In 1986, the original Rucker Park Tournament became the Entertainers Basketball Classic. Participants of the tournament include NBA professionals such as Allen Iverson, Stephon Marbury, Wilt Chamberlain, Kobe Bryant, Julius Erving, Kyrie Irving, as well NCAA elite players from schools like Syracuse University.
Additionally, entertainers who have attended the event include musician Cam'ron, Jay-Z, Fat Joe Denzel Washington, Bill Clinton, Snoop Dogg, Bill Cosby, and David Stern. The event is often sponsored by companies like Reebok, MTV, and And1. The MSG, ESPN, and NBA often broadcast games from their channels.
# Eremosybra flavolineatoides

Eremosybra flavolineatoides is a species of beetles in the family Cerambycidae.
# Erline Nolte

Erline Nolte (born 19 May 1989) is a German former bobsledder. She competed in the two-woman event at the 2018 Winter Olympics. Her personal coach is Heiner Preute.
# Ernst Akert

Ernst Akert (20 April 1871 – after 1942) was a Swiss freethinker.

## Biography

Akert is one of the founders of the defeated Swiss Freethinkers Association [Freidenkerbund] during the First World War. Among the things he wrote for the Freidenkerbund and published writings about the Walser. In 1942 he published a monograph titled Gottfried Keller's Weltanschauung, in which he discussed the position of the Swiss writer on God, immortality, religion and the Church; this is Akert's most common writing style.
In 1942, Akert moved to Lugano after living in Bern for many years.