OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# V. Sundaram

Captain V. Sundaram (April 22, 1916 – May 31, 1997) was an Indian pilot and animal welfare activist. He founded the Blue Cross of India, the largest animal welfare organization of Asia.

## Career as a pilot

Captain V. Sundaram became a pilot in 1935 at the age of 19. He trained in England and returned to India to become an instructor at the Madras Flying Club. He flew extensively over the country, and was probably the first person to take a picture of the Taj Mahal from air. During World War II, he trained British and American pilots. In 1945 he joined Tata Airlines, and from 1945 to 1951, served as the pilot of the Maharaja of Mysore. During this time he flew Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel throughout India, especially the latter when he was negotiating the merger of princely states with India. His wife, Usha Sundaram, served as co-pilot in many of these flights. They set a world record for flying a de Havilland Dove from London to Madras in 27 hours. This record for a piston-engined aircraft is still unbroken. Captain Sundaram had an accident-free flying record during the 35 years he served as pilot. He wrote of his experiences as a pilot in a book titled An Airman's Saga.
Sundaram was the first pilot to get the commercial pilot licence in the country. On 26 October 1936, he flew a De Havilland Dove aircraft from Karachi to Madras.

## Animal welfare

Captain V. Sundaram was always known for his compassion for animals. It was known among pilots that he would keep circling around until the runway was cleared of stray animals. He was instrumental in stopping animal sacrifices at several places. He also organized several seminars speaking against cruel methods of killing animals. He was a member of the executive committee of the Animal Welfare Board of India until 1987.

## Blue Cross of India

On a rainy day in 1959, Captain Sundaram saw two pups struggling to stay afloat in the flooded roads of T. Nagar, Chennai. He took them home and founded the Blue Cross of India, a shelter for animals. In his own words, "God had given me so much that I thought I ought to do something in return. There are so many charitable institutions for human beings, but so few for animals." Blue Cross, started with a kennel in his own home, grew under his leadership to become the largest animal welfare organization of Asia.

## Awards and recognition

* Queen Victoria Medal from the Royal Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, 1964
* Watamull Foundation Award, 1987
* Silver medal from Madras SPCA
* Silver medal from the Mylapore Academy
* Distinguished Service Award from the Rotary club of South Madras
* Prani Mitra Award, posthumously
# Vadiče

Vadiče (pronounced) is a settlement in the Municipality of Tržič in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.
# Vadlapudi

Vadlapudi is a neighbourhood in the city of Visakhapatnam, state of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is a suburban area of the city.

## About

It is on the south side of the city.

## Transport

Vadlapudi is well connected with Madhurawada, Maddilapalem, Gajuwaka and Scindia, Visakhapatnam.
# Valco

Valco was a US manufacturer of guitar amplifiers from the 1940s through 1968.
Apart from its original products, Valco also commercialised electric and acoustic guitars and basses through its subsidiary companies.

## History

Valco was formed in 1940 by three business partners and former owners of the National Dobro Company; Victor Smith, Al Frost, and Louis Dopyera. The company name was a combination of the three partner's first initials (V.A.L.) plus the common abbreviation for company (Co.)
Valco manufactured and sold electric (since the 1950s), resonator, lap steel and classical guitars and vacuum tube amplifiers under a variety of brand names including Supro, Airline, National and Oahu. They also made amplifiers under contract for several other companies such as Gretsch, Harmony, and Kay.
Valco merged with Kay Musical Instrument Company in 1967; however financial difficulties forced the merged company to fold the following year.

## Replicas and revivals

Since Valco's demise a number of manufacturers have issued copies or derivatives of Valco instrument and amplifier models. Eastwood Guitars produces a variety of reissue Airline guitars, as well as at least one Supro model, though all of the former semihollow Res-O-Glas models are now wood solidbodies.
Several of Valco's earlier amplifier models are recreated by Vintage47 Amps of Mesquite, Nevada, using octal preamp tubes, rather than the later miniature noval preamp tubes.
In late 2013, Absara Audio of Port Jefferson Station, New York announced that it had purchased the rights to the Supro trademark from Bruce Zinky. Zinky used the Supro name for a series of amps beginning in 2005 from his company, Zinky Electronics. Absara debuted a series of new Supro amps at the 2014 NAMM Show in Anaheim, California. The new Supro amps are cosmetically reminiscent of their progenitors from the 1960s.
# VAMP4

Vesicle-associated membrane protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VAMP4 gene.

## Function

Synaptobrevins/VAMPs, syntaxins, and the 25-kD synaptosomal-associated protein SNAP25 are the main components of a protein complex involved in the docking and/or fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP)/synaptobrevin family. This protein may play a role in trans-Golgi network-to-endosome transport.

## Interactions

VAMP4 has been shown to interact with AP1M1, STX6 and STX16.
# Valentin Rose

Valentin Rose may refer to:
* Valentin Rose the Elder (1736–1771), pharmacist
* Valentin Rose (pharmacologist) (1762–1807), his son, German pharmacologist
* Valentin Rose (classicist) (1829–1916), German classicist and textual critic
# VII Army Corps (Wehrmacht)

VII Army Corps (VII. Armeekorps) was a corps in the German Army during World War II. It was destroyed in August 1944 during the Jassy–Kishinev Offensive (August 1944).

## Commanders

* Infantry General (General der Infanterie) Wilhelm Adam, October 1934 – 1 October 1935
* Artillery General (General der Artillerie) Walther von Reichenau, 1 October 1935 – 4 February 1938
* Infantry General (General der Infanterie) Eugen Ritter von Schobert, 4 February 1938 – 31 January 1940
* Lieutenant-General (Generalleutnant) Gotthard Heinrici, 1 February 1940 – April 1940
* Colonel General (Generaloberst) Eugen Ritter von Schobert, 9 April 1940 – 25 October 1940
* Artillery General (General der Artillerie) Wilhelm Fahrmbacher, 25 October 1940 – 8 January 1942
* Artillery General (General der Artillerie) Ernst-Eberhard Hell, 8 January 1942 – 5 October 1943
* Infantry General (General der Infanterie) Anton Dostler, 5 October 1943 – 30 November 1943
* Artillery General (General der Artillerie) Ernst-Eberhard Hell, 30 November 1943 – August 1944

## Area of operations

* Poland - September 1939 - May 1940
* France - May 1940 - June 1941
* Eastern Front, central sector - June 1941 - August 1944
# Valentine Dannevig

Valentine Dannevig (1872–1962) was a Norwegian teacher and principal who was a member of the Permanent Mandates Commission, a body of the League of Nations that oversaw the League's mandate system. She joined the Permanent Mandates Commission, replacing Anna Bugge-Wicksell in 1928. During her time on the commission, she was the sole female member. A feminist and progressive, she co-founded the Norwegian chapter of Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. She was an abolitionist. She was a proponent of a civilizing mission of empire.
# Uschi Nerke

Ursula Nerke-Petersen (born 14 January 1944 in Komotau, Sudetenland, Germany) is a German actress and television presenter. She became well known as host of the monthly music television show Beat-Club that ran from 1965 to 1972 and as host of its successor Musikladen until 1978.

## Biography

Uschi Nerke was born in Komotau, which is now known as Chomutov, Czech Republic. She was raised in Hamburg and Bremen. She studied architecture from 1962 to 1968 before running an architects office until 1978.
In 1988, she married textile salesman Günther Petersen.

## Filmography

| Title | Year | Role | Notes |
| Beat-Club | 1965–1972 | Host | Television series |
| Die Montagsmaler | 1975 | Herself | Television series |
| Musikladen | 1972–1978 | Co-host | Television series |
| Stayin' Alive – 50 Jahre Bee Gees | 2013 | Herself | Documentary |
# Valle Antigorio

The Antigorio Valley is one of the Alpine valleys radiating from the Ossola Valley (Province of Verbano Cusio Ossola), in the region of Piedmont, northern Italy.
The valley is made up of the cities of: Formazza, Baceno (inside which the hamlet of Croveo is located), Premia, Crodo, Montecrestese, Varzo, Trasquera and Crevoladossola.

## Geography

The River Toce flows across the Antigorio Valley. The valley begins to the south, near Domodossola. It rises to the north, includes the towns of Crevoladossola, Crodo, Baceno and Premia, and it ends in the hamlet of Premia Chioso. As the valley continues to the north it is called Val Formazza. From the town of Baceno it opens to the north-west of the Valley Devero, from which Alpe Devero is reachable.
46°15′00″N 8°19′30″E﻿ / ﻿46.2500°N 8.3250°E﻿ / 46.2500; 8.3250
* This Piedmont location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Valeriu Tiron

Valeriu Tiron (born 8 April 1993) is a Moldovan football player who plays as a midfielder for FC Codru Lozova. He was a member of Moldova-21.
# Van Etten Lake

Van Etten Lake is a 1,320-acre (530 ha) lake in Iosco County, Michigan. The lake is largely developed with houses surrounded by dense forest. The bottom is mainly clay and it has a maximum depth of 33 feet (10 m). The lake flows through the Pine River into the Au Sable River and then into Lake Huron.
The Van Etten Lake State Forest Campground and Oscoda–Wurtsmith Airport make up large parts of the lakes western shoreline. The area historically had several cabin resort rentals for vacationers as well as fisherman to enjoy. Now the Lake has one remaining resort that is called Sunny Daze Resort ( Formerly Davis Dockside) which is owned by a family that relocated from S.E Michigan
# Van Es

Van Es is a Dutch toponymic surname, literally translating to "from the ash tree". Alternatively, a family may have originated from Esch in North Brabant. Variants are Van Esch, Van Ess People with this name include:

## Van Es

* Adri van Es (1913–1994), Dutch vice-admiral and state secretary of defence
* Andrée van Es (born 1953), Dutch GreenLeft politician
* Bart van Es (born 1972), British scholar and literary academic
* Ed van Es (born 1959) Dutch water-polo player
* Hubert van Es (1941–2009) Dutch photographer
* Jacob Foppens van Es (1596–1666), Flemish still-life painter
* Joost van Es [fr; nl] (born 1968), Dutch violinist and singer
* Kika van Es (born 1991), Dutch football defender
* Ronny van Es (born 1978), Dutch footballer
* Wim van Es (born 1934), Dutch archaeologist

## Van Ess

* Johann Heinrich van Ess (1772–1847), German Catholic theologian
* John van Ess (1879–1949), American missionary in Iraq
# Valea Vinului (Vișeu)

The Valea Vinului is a right tributary of the river Vișeu in Romania. It discharges into the Vișeu in Vișeu de Mijloc. Its length is 7 km (4.3 mi) and its basin size is 20 km$^2$ (7.7 sq mi).
# Vanity (1951 song)

"Vanity" is a popular song.
The music was written by Guy Wood, the lyrics by Jack Manus and Bernard Bierman. The song was published in 1951. It had some success on the charts, reaching the top 20, in 1951 and was recorded by Don Cherry, who had recorded the hit version, for his 1968 album, There Goes My Everything.
The original 1951 recording by Don Cherry was released by Decca Records as catalog number 27618. It first reached the Billboard Best Seller chart on July 20, 1951, and lasted 11 weeks on the chart, peaking at number 17.
Jazz tenor saxophonist Jimmy Heath recorded an instrumental version for his 1964 album On the Trail.
# Vatica elliptica

Vatica elliptica is a rare species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae, native to Mindanao island in the Philippines.

## Distribution

The tropical rain forest tree is endemic to Mount Kaladis in Zamboanga del Sur province, on the Zamboanga Peninsula of Mindanao island, in the southern Philippines. It is part of the Mindanao montane rain forests ecoregion flora.
It is an IUCN Red List Critically endangered species. Threatened by habitat loss, it is considered to be very close to extinction.
# Valeriano Bécquer

Valeriano Domínguez Bécquer (15 December 1833 – 23 September 1870) was a Spanish painter and graphic artist, who often worked in the costumbrismo style.

## Biography

He was born in Seville. His father, José Domínguez Bécquer, was also a painter and his younger brother was the poet Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer. His first art lessons came from his father, who died when Valeriano was only eight. Afterwards, he was raised by his mother's family and took lessons from his uncle Joaquín Domínguez Bécquer, assisting in his workshop until 1853. Later, he also studied with Antonio Cabral Bejarano.
His brief marriage to the daughter of an Irish seaman failed in 1862, after producing two children, and he followed his brother to Madrid. In 1865, he received a government commission to paint scenes of festivals, costumes and customs from the various Spanish regions, which resulted in several years of travelling. The project was left unfinished, however, when the Glorious Revolution resulted in the grant for his commission being withdrawn. To supplement his income, he worked as a cartoonist and illustrator for several publications, including La Ilustración Española y Americana and El Museo Universal, often in conjunction with Gustavo.
A series of pornographic satirical drawings, Los Borbones en Pelota (playing in private), by "SEM" have been attributed to him and his brother, but some researchers believe they are actually the work of Francisco Ortego Vereda, a radical opponent of the Royalists. They were privately distributed at first, and not published until 1991.
He died of liver disease in Madrid, aged 36, just three months before his brother. In fact, Gustavo's death may have been hastened by this event, as he fell into a deep depression afterward and his health had always been fragile. Valeriano's portrait of Gustavo was used on the 100 Peseta Spanish banknote from 1965 to 1970 and was the model for a memorial bust in Maria Luisa Park.
# Vasilije Popović

Vasilije Popović may refer to:
* Vasilije Popović (cleric) (1860–1938), Serbian Orthodox Metropolitan
* Vasilije Popović (revolutionary) (1775–1832), Serbian revolutionary
* Vasilije Popović, real name of Pavle Ugrinov (1926–2007), Serbian writer, playwright, director and academic
* Vasilije Popović–Cico [mk], author of the National emblem of North Macedonia
* Vasilije Popović (production designer), winner of a Golden Arena for Best Production Design
# Vasilije Pavićević

Vasilije Pavićević (Serbian Cyrillic: Василије Павићевић; born 11 May 1946) is a politician in Serbia. He served in the National Assembly of Serbia from 2001 to 2004 as a member of the Democratic Party of Serbia (Demokratska stranka Srbije, DSS).

## Private career

Pavićević is from Bajina Bašta and is a graduated electrical engineer. For a number of years, he was the director of Drinske Hidroelektrane.

## Politician

Pavićević appeared in the ninth position on the DSS's electoral list for the Užice district in the 1993 Serbian parliamentary election. He was not elected; the list won only one mandate in the division, which went to lead candidate Vladan Batić.

### Parliamentarian

In 2000, the DSS joined the Democratic Opposition of Serbia (Demokratska opozicija Srbije, DOS), a broad and ideologically diverse coalition of parties opposed to Slobodan Milošević's administration. Pavićević was given the seventy-seventh position on the DOS's list in the 2000 Serbian parliamentary election and was awarded a mandate after the coalition won a landslide majority with 176 out of 250 seats. (For this election, the entire country was counted as a single electoral division and all mandates were distributed to candidates at the discretion of sponsoring parties or coalitions, irrespective of numerical order. Pavićević was not automatically elected by virtue of his list position, but he was included in his party's delegation all the same when the assembly convened in January 2001.)
The DSS left the DOS and moved to the opposition in 2002. The parliamentary mandates of several DSS members, including Pavićević, were nullified at the discretion of the DOS on 12 June 2002, although this decision was subsequently revoked and the mandates restored. During this period, the rival Democratic Party (Demokratska stranka, DS) specifically accused Pavićević and a number of other DSS delegates of holding up the work of parliament by refusing to attend its meetings.
Pavićević appeared in the ninety-eighth position on the DSS's list in the 2003 Serbian parliamentary election. The list won fifty-three mandates, and he was not given a new mandate; his term in parliament ended in early 2004. For the 2007 and 2008 Serbian parliamentary elections, the DSS ran a combined list with New Serbia (Nova Srbija, NS); Pavićević appeared on both lists but was not chosen for a mandate on either occasion.

### Local politics

Pavićević has served a number of terms in the Bajina Bašta municipal assembly. He was elected to the assembly in the 2012 Serbian local elections, in which the DSS won six out of forty-five seats.
In 2014, Pavićević was one of a number of prominent DSS figures to leave the party. In the 2016 local elections, he led the electoral list of the "Democratic Party of Serbia Bajina Bašta," which may not have been endorsed by the main DSS organization, and was re-elected when the list won four seats.
Pavićević received the fourth position on the list of the Serbian People's Party (Srpska narodna partija, SNP) in the 2020 Serbian local elections. The list won only two seats, and he was not re-elected.
# Van de Wiele

Van de Wiele is a Dutch-language toponymic surname in Belgium meaning "from the wiel". A wiel is a pool or small lake formed by a dyke breach. Some of the variants (with # of people in 2007 in the Netherlands and in 2008 in Belgium) are Van de Wiel (3615, 195), Van der Wiel (2082, 42), Van de Wiele (40, 1522), Vandewiele (0, 1132), Van der Wiele (211, 7), and Van der Wielen (2323, 159). Notable people with the surname include:
* Aimée Van de Wiele (1907-1991) Belgian composer and keyboardist
* Daniel Van de Wiele (born 1956), Belgian boxing referee
* Eric Van De Wiele (born 1952), Belgian racing cyclist
* Iris Vandewiele (born 1994), Belgian volleyball player
* Isidoor Van De Wiele (1924–2010), Belgian sprinter
* Jan Van De Wiele (born 1948), Belgian racing cyclist
* Jef van de Wiele (1903–1979), Belgian Nazi politician
* Mieke Van De Wiele (born 1952), Belgian businesswoman
# Van de Wetering

Van de Wetering is a Dutch toponymic surname, meaning "from/of the (drainage) channel". Among spelling variants are Watering, Weetering and Weteringh. Many waters in the Netherlands have the name as well a number of towns, themselves named after a wetering, e.g. Wetering, Nieuwe-Wetering, Nieuwe-Wetering, and Oude Wetering. Forms without the article (Van Wetering etc.) likely refer to such a settlement. People with these names name include:

## Van de Wetering

* Ernst van de Wetering (1938–2021), Dutch Rembrandt expert
* Henricus van de Wetering (1850–1929), Dutch archbishop
* Janwillem van de Wetering (1931–2008), Dutch–American author of detective novels
* Peter Van de Wetering (1931–2014), Dutch–American horticulturist

## Van Wetering

* Bo van Wetering (born 1999), Dutch handball player
* Ineke van Wetering (1934–2011), Dutch anthropologist and Surinamist

## Van de Weetering

* Conrad van de Weetering [nl] (1929–2017), Dutch ballet dancer and choreographer
* Myrthe van de Weetering (born 1988), Dutch violinist and composer
# Velachery twin flyovers

Velachery twin flyovers is a set of two L-shaped flyovers at the Vijayanagar Junction in the neighbourhood of Velachery in Chennai, India. It was constructed at a cost of ₹ 1080 million.

## History and design

The plan for the flyovers was first proposed in 2010. The first-level flyover connects the Velachery Bypass Road with the Velachery–Tambaram Road near the Velachery MRTS station. This flyover has 15 spans and lands around 190 meters ahead of the MRTS bridge. The second-level flyover connects the Taramani Link Road and the Velachery Bypass Road. It is 1,200 meters long and has 32 spans. The central span of this flyover is the longest of all, at 40 meters length, right above the Vijayanagar junction. The height of the second flyover is 15 meters.

## Traffic

As of 2010, the junction had a traffic density of 13,000 vehicles daily during peak hours. About 522 bus services are operated from the Vijayanagar terminus at the junction every day by the Chennai Metropolitan Transport Corporation.
# Veladero

Veladero is a corregimiento in Tolé District, Chiriquí Province, Panama. It has a land area of 51.1 square kilometres (19.7 sq mi) and had a population of 1,727 as of 2010, giving it a population density of 33.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (88/sq mi). It was created by Law 10 of March 7, 1997; this measure was complemented by Law 5 of January 19, 1998 and Law 69 of October 28, 1998. Its population as of 2000 was 1,575.
The mountain peak Baboso is nearby.
# Vandrimare

Vandrimare (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Eure department in Normandy in northern France.
# Velika Kladuša Castle

Velika Kladuša Castle is a castle in Velika Kladuša, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was built during the Middle Ages. Its main tower has burned down due to an electrical fire.

## Location

The castle is situated on the right side of the river Grabarska, which is a tributary of the river Kladušnica.

## History

The Velika Kladuša Castle is first mentioned in historical sources in 1280 under King Ladislaus IV of Hungary. The castle was the property of the Babonići/Blagajski, and later it was the property of the Dukes of Kladuša. It fell into the hands of Frankopans of Cetin in 1465. The Ottoman Empire conquered this territory and castle in 1633. Afterwards, they additionally emboldened it with the construction of a wall. After the Ottoman conquest of the castle in 1633, the Ottomans appointed a Dizdar to defend the castle. They also installed a number of Janissaries to defend the castle.
The castle boasted great strategic importance for the Ottoman conquests towards Croatia.
In the early 18th century, the Ottoman government at Istanbul decided to oust the local dizdar of the castle and appoint direct rule of the castle. They sent out a declaration form or royal firman (mandate or decree) to the dizdar of the castle. After the Dizdar refused, they sent out a force of Janissary troops from Istanbul to capture the castle which they did and they garrisoned the Janissaries in the castle.
The castle saw notable repairs in 1800.
Until 1790. the garrison consisted of 120 men. After Cetina fell, additional 72 soldiers joined the garrison.
The last Dizdar (castle captain) of Velika Kladuša was Husein Alagić, whose family served in the same position for the prior 150 years.
According to reports of Krsto Frankopan of Tržac, dating back to 20. November 1641, Harambasha Mujo Hrnjica lived here along with his brothers and Mustafa Kozličić.
In 1833, There were 4 battle ready and 1 broken down cannon in the castle. The troops of the general of Karlovac defeated the army of the captain Murad Beširević.
The battle raged in the city of Velika Kladuša for ten days between one battalion of the attacking Austro-Hungarian army. In the night between 19. and 20. October 1878, the last eight defenders left the stronghold because of the lack of ammunition. The Bosnian armed resistance against occupation ended here.
The castle was refurbished and repurposed into a tourist establishment.
Today, Velika Kladuša Castle and the surrounding historical objects are in the state of disrepair and squalor because of the lack of interest in protection of the cultural heritage of Velika Kladuša.