OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Cottet

Charles Cottet (French pronunciation:; 12 July 1863 – 20 September 1925) was a French painter, born at Le Puy-en-Velay and died in Paris. A famed Post-Impressionist, Cottet is known for his dark, evocative painting of rural Brittany and seascapes. He led a school of painters known as the Bande noire or "Nubians" group (for the sombre palette they used, in contrast to the brighter Impressionist and Postimpressionist paintings), and was friends with such artists as Auguste Rodin.

## Biography

Cottet studied at the École des Beaux-Arts, and under Puvis de Chavannes and Roll, while also attending the Académie Julian (where fellow students formed Les Nabis school of painting, with which he was later associated). He travelled and painted in Egypt, Italy, and on Lake Geneva, but he made his name with his sombre and gloomy, firmly designed, severe and impressive scenes of life on the Brittany coast.
Cottet exhibited at the Salon of 1889, but on a trip to Brittany in 1886 he had found his true calling. For the next twenty years he painted scenes of rural and harbor life, portraying a culture Parisians still found exotic. He is especially noted for his dark seascapes of Breton harbors at dawn, and evocative scenes from the lives of Breton fishermen.
He was close friends with Charles Maurin, and his group included the painter Félix-Émile-Jean Vallotton. Cottet has often been associated with the picturesque seaside symbolism of the Pont-Aven School, though Vallotton famously painted Cottet as a leader of Les Nabis, beside Pierre Bonnard, Édouard Vuillard, and Ker-Xavier Roussel, in his Five Painters (1902–3; Kunstmuseum Winterthur). Cottet was more explicitly the leader of his own small movement, the Bande noire of the 1890s, which included Lucien Simon and André Dauchez, all influenced by the realism and dark colours of Courbet.

## Selected works

Cottet's paintings can be found in many museums worldwide, including the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow, the British Museum, the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C., the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, the Hermitage, the University of Michigan Museum of Art, the Ohara Museum of Art, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the National Museum of Western Art, the Zimmerli Art Museum, the Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Musée Rodin.
* 1908–09 Au pays de la mer. Douleur also called Les victimes de la mer, the Musée d'Orsay.
* 1905, Petit village au pied de la falaise, Musée Malraux, Le Havre
* 1900–10, Montagne, Musée Malraux, Le Havre
* 1896 View of Venice from the Sea, the Hermitage, St. Petersburg.
* 1896 Seascape with Distant View of Venice, the Hermitage, St. Petersburg.
* 1896 Portrait de Cottet, the Musée d'Orsay.
# Charles Cotterell (Royal Navy officer)

Rear Admiral Charles Cotterell (died 1754) was a Royal Navy officer who served as Commander-in-Chief, The Nore from 1744 to 1745.

## Naval career

Cotterell became commanding officer of the sloop HMS Happy in 1722. Promoted to captain in June 1726, he commanded, successively, the fifth-rate HMS Diamond, the fourth-rate HMS Nottingham, the fifth-rate HMS Princess Louisa, the sixth-rate HMS Rose, the fifth-rate HMS Lowestoffe, the fourth-rate HMS Salisbury, the fourth-rate HMS Rippon, the fourth-rate HMS Canterbury and the fourth-rate HMS Lion. He saw action at the battle of Cartagena de Indias in May 1741. After that he commanded the first-rate HMS Royal Charles and served as Commander-in-Chief, The Nore from 1744 to 1745. He died in 1754.
# Charles Chao

Charles Chao or Guowei Chao (Chinese: 曹国伟; pinyin: Cáo Guówěi) has served as the chairman of the board of directors since the inception of Weibo Corporation. He has served as the chairman of the board of directors of Weibo's parent company, Sina, since August 2012, and has been Sina's Chief Executive Officer since May 2006. He served as Sina's president from September 2005 to February 2013, Chief Financial Officer from February 2001 to May 2006, and Co-Chief Operating Officer from July 2004 to September 2005. He also served as Sina's Executive Vice President from April 2002 to June 2003 and Vice President, Finance from September 1999 to January 2001.

## Education

Chao holds a B.A. in journalism from Fudan University in Shanghai, an M.A. in journalism from the University of Oklahoma, and a Master's in Professional Accounting from the McCombs School of Business at The University of Texas at Austin.

## Career

Chao joined Sina in 1999 when the company was facing difficulties in its attempts to get a listing on the NASDAQ. He overcame this challenge by establishing Sina as a VIE (Variable Interest Entity) company, which cleared the way for a successful listing in the US.
Since then, he has served as Sina's Chief Financial Officer (CFO), Chief Operating Officer (COO) and President in September 2005, and finally chairman of the board and CEO in 2011. He is the first chairman and CEO in company's history. In 2009, he helped launch Sina Weibo, which has gone on to achieve great success.
Chao has also made use of the company's platform to support public welfare undertakings in China. Currently, Sina is one of the largest venues for making donations and emergency fundraising and is one of the first internet companies to set up a charity and public welfare platform. Now, Sina has established Yang Fan Public Welfare Fund, which will enable the company to participate more effectively in charity and public welfare causes.

## Work history and other roles

Prior to joining Sina, Chao served as an audit manager at PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP, an accounting firm. Prior to that, Chao was a news correspondent at Shanghai Media Group. Chao is currently the Chairman of Weibo Corporation, a leading media company, Co-chairman of E-House, a real estate services company, and a director of NetDragon Websoft Inc., a company providing technology for online gaming and a director of Leju Holdings Ltd., an online-to-offline (O2O) real estate services provider in China.
# Charles Tarrant

Charles Tarrant (1723–1791) was an Anglican priest.
Tarrant was educated at Balliol College, Oxford. He held incumbencies at North Tidworth, the City of Westminster, Staines, Bloomsbury, Lamberhurst and Wrotham. He was Dean of Carlisle during 1764; and then Dean of Peterborough until his death on 22 February 1791.
# Charles Franklin Robertson

Charles Franklin Robertson (March 2, 1835 – May 1, 1886) was the second Bishop of Missouri in The Episcopal Church. He was one of six children born to James Robertson and Mary Ann Canfield Robertson.

## Biography

Charles Franklin Robertson graduated with honors from Yale in 1859, and through his studies, became strongly attracted to religious life. He entered the general theological seminary of the Protestant Episcopal Church, where he completed his work and was ordained deacon on June 29, 1862. Later that same year, on October 23, he was advanced to priesthood by Bishop Potter and was assigned to St. Mark's Parish in Malone, New York.
On September 1, 1868, he was called to the rectorship of St. James Parish in Batavia, New York, and two days later was elected Bishop of the Diocese of Missouri. He visited every parish and mission in the state of Missouri during the first year of his episcopate, and established new missions wherever he found a knot of church people unoccupied.
At the end of his eighteen years' episcopate, the number of churches and diocese had greatly increased, and the revenue of the church had tripled. Robertson rapidly became an influential member of the House of Bishops, and was honored with a full share of the labors connected with the administration of the general institutions of the church. He was responsible for the establishment of the Parochial Trust Fund (now the Corporation of the Episcopal Diocese of Missouri) to hold the title to church property. Charles Franklin Robertson established a school for girls that lasted more than 40 years and provided young women with a classical education, and also founded the first Diocesan newspaper in 1870, which was published until the 1930s.
Charles soon married Rebecca Duane Robertson, and gave birth to Albert Robertson. Albert did not live long, dying during the family's relocation to St. Louis, Missouri. Charles and Rebecca had two more children, James and Frances.
Robertson was vice president of the St. Louis Social Science Association and the National Conference of Charities and Correction. He was an active member of the Missouri Historical Society and the historical societies of Virginia, Wisconsin, Maryland, Kansas, and Georgia. In recognition of his learning and contributions to knowledge, he was honored by several universities, receiving the degree of Doctorate of Sacred Theology from Columbia College in New York in 1868, Doctor of Divinity from the University of the South in Sewanee, Tennessee in 1883, and Doctor of Laws in English (L.L.D.) from the university of the state of Missouri in 1883.
His funeral was held at Christ Church Cathedral in St. Louis on May 4, 1886, and he was buried in Bellefontaine Cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri.
# Charlotte Ashton

Charlotte Ashton is a British television presenter. She presented Revealed... on BBC Switch alongside Anthony Baxter.

## Career

Ashton started her career at BBC Radio 4 and has written for The Guardian newspaper.

### Radio 1's Surgery with Kelly Osbourne

On Sunday 30 November 2008, Ashton hosted Radio 1's first surgery debate show with presenter Aled Haydn-Jones. The second debate show was on Sunday 18 January 2009, which Ashton hosted with Haydn-Jones and fellow Revealed... presenter Anthony Baxter.

## Personal life

Ashton was born in Birmingham and now lives in London.
# Commissioners for Oaths (Ireland) Act 1872

The Commissioners for Oaths (Ireland) Act 1872 (35 & 36 Vict. c. 75) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
The short title for this act was assigned by section 1 of, and the first schedule to the Short Titles Act 1896 (59 & 60 Vict. c. 14).
The act was repealed for the United Kingdom by section 122 of, and the seventh schedule to the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978 (1978 c. 23).
The act was retained for the Republic of Ireland by section 2 of, and the first schedule to the Statute Law Revision Act 2007 (Number 28 of 2007).
# Ryan Dobson

Ryan Adam Dobson (born 24 September 1978) is an English footballer, who played as a full back in the Football League for Chester City.
# Cheer Up, Mother

"Cheer Up, Mother" is a World War I era song released in 1918. Mary Earl composed the music and wrote the lyrics. Shapiro, Bernstein & Co. of New York, New York published the song. Artist Albert Wilfred Barbelle designed the sheet music cover. It features a mother saying good-bye to her soldier son. It was written for both voice and piano.
In the song, a son is comforting his mother before he heads off to war. The chorus is as follows:
    "Cheer up, mother, smile and don't be sighing
    Dry the teardrop in your eye;
    We'll come back with colors flying
    After the war clouds roll by,
    Homeward bound then
    We'll come sailing, mother.
    We will win out, never fear;
    Dad came home from fields of glory,
    Maybe I'll repeat his story,
    So cheer up, mother dear."
The sheet music can be found at Pritzker Military Museum & Library.
# EDM4S

The EDM4S or EDM4S SkyWiper (Electronic Drone Mitigation 4 - System), is a portable electronic warfare anti-drone device produced and developed by the Lithuanian company NT Service It is designed to disrupt small and medium sized UAVs by jamming their communication and satellite navigation systems with an electromagnetic pulse.

## History

The device was first shown by the company NT Service (based in Kaunas, Lithuania) in the 2019 Security and Counter Terror Exhibition in London. In partnership with Israeli company Skylock, NT Service also produces the system under the name "Skybeam".

## Description

The device can be carried by one person. The operator points the device at the UAV and activates it to disrupt the UAV's communications out to a range of 3–5 km (2–3 mi), as well as its satellite navigation capabilities. Depending on the UAV's level of autonomy, it may then fall out of the sky, make a controlled landing, return to an earlier waypoint, or continue operating normally.
The device can have 4 or 6 antennas. By default there are two antennas for the 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequency bands, with a power of 10 W each, one antenna for the GPS 1.5 GHz band with a power of 10 W, and one antenna for the GLONASS 1.5 GHz band with a power of 10 W.
The device is made of aluminium, with the "gun" portion being modelled after the Heckler & Koch G36 rifle – including a trigger to activate the device and optics for sighting. It weighs 5.5 kg and measures 1050 × 220 × 360 mm with the stock extended (830 × 220 × 360 mm without the stock extended). It is powered by a 24 V battery, which can last for up to 60 minutes.

## Operational history

The EDM4S-UA version of the device – at a unit cost of US$15,000 – was first used by the Ukrainian Armed Forces against the Russian separatist drones in Donbas in 2021 as part of the Russo-Ukrainian War. It has since seen further use in the Russian invasion of Ukraine, neutralizing the Russian drones such as the Eleron-3. In June 2022, Lithuania donated 110 units to Ukraine at a cost of €1.5 million (US$1.56 million).

## Operators
### Lithuania

* Lithuanian Armed Forces

### Ukraine

* Ukrainian Armed Forces: EDM4S-UA

### Romania

* Romanian Armed Forces: Skylock Skybeam
# List of science fiction television programs, U

This is an inclusive list of science fiction television programs whose names begin with the letter U.

## U

Live-action
* UFO (1970–1971, UK)
* Ultra Series (franchise):
** Ultra Q (1966, Japan)
** Ultraman (1966–1967, Japan)
** Ultra Seven (1967–1968, Japan)
** Ultra Fight (1970–1971, Japan)
** Return of Ultraman, The (1971–1972, Japan)
** Ultraman Ace (1972–1973, Japan)
** Ultraman Taro (1973–1974, Japan)
** Ultraman Leo (1974–1975, Japan)
** Ultraman 80 (1980–1981, Japan)
** Ultraman: Towards the Future (1992, Australia/Japan)
** Ultraman vs. Kamen Rider (1993, Japan, special)
** Heisei Ultra Seven (1994, Japan)
** Ultraman: The Ultimate Hero (1995, US/Japan)
** Ultraman Tiga (1996–1997, Japan)
** Ultraman Dyna (1997–1998, Japan)
** Ultraman Gaia (1998–1999, Japan)
** Ultraman Nice (1999–2000, Japan)
** Ultraman Cosmos (2001–2002, Japan)
** Ultra Q: Dark Fantasy (2004, Japan)
** Ultraman Nexus (2004–2005, Japan)
** Ultraman Max (2005–2006, Japan)
** Ultraman Mebius (2006–2007, Japan)
** Ultraseven X (2007, Japan)
** Ultra Galaxy Mega Monster Battle (2007–2008, Japan)
** Ultra Galaxy Mega Monster Battle: Never Ending Odyssey (2008–2009, Japan)
** Neo Ultra Q (2013, Japan)
** Ultraman Ginga (2013, Japan)
** Ultraman Ginga S (2014, Japan)
** Ultraman X (2015, Japan)
** Ultraman Orb (2016, Japan)
* Ultraviolet (1998, UK) (elements of science fiction)
* Undermind (1965)
* Under the Dome (2013–2015)
* Under the Mountain (1981–1982, New Zealand, miniseries)
* Unforeseen, The (1960, UK, anthology) IMDb
* Uninvited, The (1997, UK)
* Unnatural History (2010, US/Canada, anthology) (elements of science fiction in some episodes)
* Urban Gothic (2000) (elements of science fiction in some episodes)
* UpGrade: The Web Series
* Utopia Falls (2020)
Animated
* UFO Warrior Dai Apolon (1976–1977, Japan, animated)
* Ultraman, The (1979–1980, Japan, animated)
* Ultraforce (1995, animated)
* Ulysses 31 aka Space Legend Ulysses 31 (Japan) (1981–1982, France/Japan, animated)
* Underdog (1964–1973, animated)
* URBO: The Adventures of Pax Afrika (2006, South Africa, animated)
# SGAA

The acronym SGAA could refer to:
* the Sudan Government Administration Area, another name for the Halaib triangle, on the border of Egypt and Sudan
* the Sandy Gall Afghanistan Appeal
# S. Manickaraj

S. Manickaraj was an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as an All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate from Nanguneri constituency in 2001 election.
# S. Wesley Clark

Samuel Wesley Clark (December 28, 1872 – January 7, 1949) was an American attorney, Attorney General of South Dakota, and U.S. Attorney for the District of South Dakota.

## Early life and education

Clark was born Samuel Wesley Clark to Samuel Pliny and Elizabeth Dennison Clark on December 28, 1872, in Platteville, Wisconsin. In his formative youth, he read law books while tending to his family's cattle herd on the prairie. He attended Redfield College then read law under Thomas Sterling.

## Career

Clark was the state's attorney of Spink County, South Dakota, from 1900 to 1904. He served as Attorney General of South Dakota from 1907 to 1911 before being appointed United States Attorney for the District of South Dakota at the recommendation of Thomas Sterling and serving from 1921 to 1926.

## Personal life

In 1900, he married Daisy Labrie, who died in 1915. Later he married Essie Eggler in 1919. He was a Congregationalist.
# SB Ironsides

Ironsides is an iron-hulled Thames barge which was built in 1900 for APCM. She was registered in London. A 60 hp auxiliary engine was fitted in 1939.

## Description

Ironsides is 84 feet (25.60 m) long, with a beam of 20.3 feet (6.19 m) and a draught of 6.4 feet (1.95 m)

## History

Ironsides was built by Clarke & Stanfield, Grays, Essex in 1900 for the Associated Portland Cement and carried stone from Portland to London under sail alone. In 1928 she was sold to the London and Rochester Trading Company, who with 120 barges were the second largest barge owner in the country.
Currently (2018) Ironsides is based in Faversham off the Swale estuary. She does passenger charters along the Thames Estuary and the London River from Aldeburgh in Suffolk to Whitstable on the North Kent Coast. She sails from Maldon, Pin Mill, Chatham and London.
# List of public transport routes numbered 12

In public transport, Route 12 may refer to:
* Route 12 (MTA Maryland), a bus route in Baltimore, Maryland and its suburbs
* Citybus Route 12, a bus route in Hong Kong
* London Buses route 12
* Melbourne tram route 12
* Nockebybanan, a tramway in Stockholm
# SIVA1

Apoptosis regulatory protein Siva is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIVA1 gene. This gene encodes a protein with an important role in the apoptotic (programmed cell death) pathway induced by the CD27 antigen, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TFNR) superfamily. The CD27 antigen cytoplasmic tail binds to the N-terminus of this protein. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct proteins have been described.

## Interactions

SIVA1 has been shown to interact with CD27.

## Siva (protein)

Siva protein is a zinc-containing intracellular ligand of the CD4 receptor that promotes HIV-1 envelope-induced apoptosis in T-lymphoid cells. Recent research has demonstrated that Siva is a direct transcriptional target for the tumor-suppressors p53 and E2F1.
# List of rivers of Benin

This is a list of rivers in Benin. This list is arranged west to east by drainage basin, with respective tributaries indented under each larger stream's name.
* Volta River (Ghana)
** Oti River
*** Kara River
*** Pendjari River
* Mono River
** Couffo River (Kouffo River)
* Ouémé River
** Zou River
*** Agbado River
** Okpara River
** Alpouro River
* Niger River
** Oli River
** Sota River
*** Bouli River
*** Tassiné River
** Alibori River
*** Pako River
** Mékrou River
# S. uliginosa

S. uliginosa may refer to:
* Salvia uliginosa, the bog sage, a herbaceous perennial plant species native to southern Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina
* Shorea uliginosa, a plant species found in Indonesia and Malaysia
# SAS: Secure Tomorrow

SAS: Secure Tomorrow is a tactical first-person shooter video game for Microsoft Windows, developed and published by Polish company City Interactive in 2008. The game utilizes Jupiter EX engine.

## Storyline

The player is in command of two SAS units, the main goal of which is to secure the British government from terrorist threat. Meanwhile, a notorious criminal and leader of a terrorist group, escapes with his rescuers from a high security prison. The SAS team is on their toes, and in hot pursuit, to bring him and other terrorists to justice. The SAS team is chasing the fugitives in London, Iceland, and finally in an underground nuclear reactor, and rescuing hostages on the way.

## Reception

The game received middling reviews from such gaming sites as: IGN, who gave the game a score of 6.0 and quoted that the game is too easy, because it lacks variety of levels (12 in total).
# SC Komet Berlin

SC Komet Berlin was a German sports club from the city of Berlin.
Komet was active from the late 1890s through to the late 1930s with its athletics department and association football club figuring on the German sports scene.
In 1900 the club was a founding member of the German Football Association (Deutscher Fussball Bund or German Football Association) at Leipzig, but beyond this never played a prominent role in the sport. Komet also helped form the VBAV (Verband Berliner Athletik-Vereine or Berlin Federation of Athletic Teams) on 15 November 1904 with club member Otto Gronert serving as first chairperson. The club became the first in Germany to organize a women's athletic department that same year.
The sport of javelin throwing was introduced to Germany through a 1906 demonstration to the club by then world record holder Swedish athlete Eric Lemming, the developer of the modern technique of the sport.
A number of athletes from the sports club participated in the 1908 Olympic Games held in London, England with runner Arthur Hoffmann coming away with a silver medal as part of Germany's men's medley relay team, the country's best result in athletics at these games. Hoffmann was Germany's 100m champion at the time.
Komet was one of ten clubs that formed Berlin's first ice hockey league in 1910.

## Sources

* DFB (ed.): Deutsches Fußball-Jahrbuch. Band 1904. Grethlein und Co., Leipzig
* Steinmetz, Fritz, 1973: 75 Jahre Deutsche Leichtathletik-Meisterschaften (1898–1972). Bartels und Wernitz: Berlin ISBN 3-87039-956-2
# Hamaoka, Shizuoka

Hamaoka (浜岡町, Hamaoka-chō) was a town located in Ogasa District, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan.
As of March 1, 2004, the town had an estimated population of 24,774 and a density of 462.5 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 53.57 km$^2$.
Hamaoka was founded as a town in 1955 through the merger of Ikeshinden Town with Sakura, Kitaki, Asahina and Niino Villages.
On April 1, 2004, Hamaoka, along with the former town of Omaezaki (from Haibara District), was merged to create the city of Omaezaki.
Hamaoka is noted as the site of the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Plant operated by Chubu Electric Power.