OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gaohu, Hunan

Gaohu (Chinese: 高湖; pinyin: Gāohú; lit. 'high lake') is a town in Hengdong County in southeastern Hunan province, China, located 26 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of the county seat and served by G72 Quanzhou–Nanning Expressway. As of 2018, it has one residential community (社区) and 10 villages under its administration.
# Gayang-daero

Gayang-daero (Korean: 가양대로) is a road located in Gyeonggi Province and Seoul, South Korea. With a total length of 2.2 km (1.4 mi), this road starts from the Gayang Bridge Interchange in Mapo District, Seoul to Susaek Bridge Intersection in Eunpyeong District.

## Stopovers
### Seoul

* Mapo District

### Gyeonggi Province

* Goyang

### Seoul

* Mapo District - Eunpyeong District

## List of Facilities

* Note
** IC : Interchange (나들목)
** IS : Intersection (평면 교차로)
** BUS : Bus Stop (버스 정류장)
** BR : Bridge (교량)
* The route marker only available in Seoul area.
| Type | Name | Hangul name | Connection | Location | Location | Location | Note |
| Connected with Hwagok-ro ||||||||
| IC | Gayang Bridge (North side) | 가양대교북단 | Hwagok-ro National Route 77 (Jayu-ro, Gangbyeonbuk-ro) Local Route 23 (Gangbyeonbuk-ro) Seoul City Route 70 (Gangbyeonbuk-ro) | Seoul | Mapo District | Sangam-dong | |
| IS | Guryong IS | 구룡사거리 | World Cup-ro Local Route 357 (2nd Jayu-ro) | Gyeonggi | Goyang Deogyang District | Daedeok-dong | |
| BUS | Sangam Garage | 상암차고지 | | Seoul | Mapo District | Sangam-dong | All directions (14-820) (14-821) |
| BUS | World Cup Park 7 Complex | 월드컵파크7단지 | | Seoul | Mapo District | Sangam-dong | All directions (14-271), (14-817) (14-272), (14-818) |
| IS | World Cup Park 7 Complex IS | 월드컵파크7단지사거리 | World Cup buk-ro | Seoul | Mapo District | Sangam-dong | |
| BUS | Sangam DMC Entrance | 상암DMC입구 | | Seoul | Mapo District | Sangam-dong | Susaek Bridge direction (14-290) |
| IS | DMC Cheongdam Industry Center IS | DMC첨단산업센터삼거리 | Seongam-ro | Seoul | Mapo District | Sangam-dong | |
| BUS | DMC Cheongdam Industry Center | DMC첨단산업센터 | | Seoul | Mapo District | Sangam-dong | All directions (14-111) (14-112) |
| IS | Guryong-gil | 구룡길 | | Seoul | Mapo District | Sangam-dong | |
| BR | Susaek Bridge | 수색교 | | Seoul | Mapo District | Sangam-dong | |
| BR | Susaek Bridge | | | Seoul | Eunpyeong District | Susaek-dong | |
| IS | Susaek Bridge IS | 수색교삼거리 | Seoul City Route 50 (Susaek-ro) | Seoul | Eunpyeong District | Susaek-dong | |
# Gaynier

Gaynier may refer to:
* Oswald J. Gaynier (1915-1942), a United States Navy officer and Navy Cross recipient
* USS Gaynier (DE-751), a United States Navy destroyer escort cancelled in 1944
# Geastrum britannicum

Geastrum britannicum is a fungal species in the family Geastraceae. Its recommended English name is vaulted earthstar. Like other earthstars, the basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are initially globose. Their thick outer skin splits open at maturity to expose the puffball-like spore sac surrounded by the split rays of the outer skin. In the vaulted earthstar, the rays split apart and form an arch, raising the spore sac upwards.

## Taxonomy

Geastrum britannicum was described in 2015 from England by Spanish mycologist Juan Carlos Zamora, based on a holotype found on a roadside verge in Cockley Cley under pine trees in 2000 by Jonathan Revett, with paratypes from New Milton and Surlingham. The species was already the subject of research at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, where more than a dozen additional collections had been studied from England and Wales, the earliest dating back to 1994. The new species had previously been confused with G. quadrifidum and G. fornicatum, both of which have a similar vaulted or arched appearance. Geastrum britannicum was distinguished on the basis of morphology and DNA sequence analysis.

## Distribution

The fungus has proved to be very widespread in England and Wales. It was more recently found in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Since the species is not known to have occurred in Europe before 1994, it may be a recent arrival.
# Gas focusing

Gas focusing, also known as ionic focusing.
Rather than being dispersed, a beam of charged particles travelling in an inert gas environment sometimes becomes narrower. This is ascribed to the generation of gas ions which diffuse outwards, neutralizing the particle beam globally, and producing an intense radial electric field which applies a radially inward force to the particles in the beam.
# Gastrotheca piperata

Gastrotheca piperata is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae.

## Distribution and habitat

It is endemic to Bolivia. Gastrotheca piperata can be found in the areas of higher montane forests. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and intermittent freshwater marshes. It has the ability to adapt to habitat degradation. It can also be found along the eastern Andean slopes of Cochabamba and Santa Cruz Departments, Bolivia.

## Biology

Gastrotheca piperata is dispersed over a large area that includes two protected areas which allows the species to not be in any concern to become an endangered species. It is threatened by habitat loss. can be found on high vegetation. When males are calling females, it is recorded that the males call from the location of canopies of small trees. Females release their tadpoles into small puddles and ditches.
# Gastrotheca ossilaginis

Gastrotheca ossilaginis is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and pastureland.
# Gelernter

Gelernter is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* David Gelernter (born 1955), American artist, writer and academic
* Herbert Gelernter (1929–2015), American computer scientist
* Joel Gelernter, American psychiatrist
* Mark Gelernter, American academic, historian, and writer
# General Confederation of Mauritanian Workers

The General Confederation of Mauritanian Workers (CGTM) is a national trade union center in Mauritania that was founded in 1993. It has a membership of 25,000 and is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation.
# General O'Hara

General O'Hara may refer to:
* Charles O'Hara (1740–1802) was a British Army general
* James O'Hara (quartermaster) (c. 1752–1819), Continental Army quartermaster general
* James O'Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley (1682–1774), British Army general
# Mordella banahaosa

Mordella banahaosa is a species of beetle in the genus Mordella of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1926.
# Joel Geddis

Joel Geddis is an American (former) musician, songwriter, record producer, and film composer, best known for his musical contributions to Nicki Minaj's debut album Pink Friday, which was certified triple-platinum and nominated for Best Rap Album at the 54th Annual Grammy Awards. In film music, his work includes soundtracks for Sparkle featuring Jordin Sparks and The Wicker Man starring Nicolas Cage. He was last reported working with Christina Milian in 2012.
# Double Tollgate, Virginia

Double Tollgate is an unincorporated community in Clarke County, Virginia. Double Tollgate is located at the intersection of Fairfax Pike (State Route 277), Front Royal Pike (U.S. Route 522), Lord Fairfax Highway (U.S. Route 340), and Stonewall Jackson Highway (U.S. Routes 340 and 522).
* This Clarke County, Virginia state location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Madhyasvatva

Madhyasvatva (literally meaning "Subinfeudation") was a term used to denote the intermediate rights (lesser nobles, or tributaries to higher-ranking lords) that developed in Bengal following the Permanent Settlement Act of 1793 by Lord Cornwallis.
The "zamindars" (or feudal lords) created new offices and rights in between themselves and the peasants or the "Ryots". This practice of land ownership has been described by the nineteenth century revenue surveyors as having similarities with European feudalism of pre-modern times.
The "taluqdars" rose during this stage in Bengal and in a few generations transformed into petty aristocrats.

## Sources

* ↑ Islam, Sirajul (2012). "Madhyasvatva". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
# Samane

Samane may refer to:
* Samane Viyaket (1927–2016), Laotian politician
* Guhu-Samane language, Trans–New Guinea language
# Dennis James (disambiguation)

Dennis James may refer to:
* Dennis James (1917–1997), American actor and game show host
* Dennis James (bodybuilder) (born 1969), African-American bodybuilder
* Dennis James (musician), American musician prominent in the revival of silent films
# Siegfried Kapper

Siegfried Kapper was the literary pseudonym of Isaac Salomon Kapper (21 March 1821, Smíchov – 7 June 1879, Prague), a Bohemian-born Austrian writer of Jewish origin. Born in Smichow, Kapper studied medicine at Prague University, later completing a Ph.D. at the University of Vienna. Kapper wrote excellent fairy tales and poems, and was one of the leading figures of Czech-Jewish assimilation. Kapper wrote in both German and Czech. He translated Mácha's Máj into German for the first time (1844). Austrian composer Nina Stollewerk used Kapper's text for her composition "Zwei Gedichte," opus 5.
After his death, the Kapper-Society was founded; its aim was Czech-Jewish assimilation and opposition to Zionism and German-Jewish assimilation.

## Selected works

* "Das Böhmerland" (1865)
* "Die Handschriften Altböhmischer Poesien" (1859)
* "Die Böhmischen Bäder" (1857)
* "Fürst Lazar" (1853)
* "Falk" (1853)
* "Südslavische Wanderungen" (1853)
* "Die Gesänge der Serben" (1852 – in two parts)
* "Lazar der Serbenzar" (1851). Kapper had a Serbian predecessor in the person of Joksim Nović-Otočanin who published his book on the same theme at Novi Sad (Neusatz) in 1847.
* "Befreite Lieder dem Jungen Oesterreich" (1848)
* "České Listy" (1846)
* "Slavische Melodien" (1844)

## English edition

* Tales of the Prague Ghetto. Prague: Karolinum Press (2022). ISBN 9788024649450. The stories Kapper wrote about the Jews of Prague (collected posthumously as Prager Ghettosagen, 1896).
# Wremen

Wremen (German pronunciation:) is a village and a former municipality in the district of Cuxhaven, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Since 1 January 2015 it is part of the municipality Wurster Nordseeküste.
The Land of Wursten, a rather autonomous farmers' republic including Wremen, had long been claimed by the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, until in 1524 it could be definitely be subjected. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region.
* Aerial view of Wremen from the east
* Wremen beach, harbour and lighthouse
# Donald A. S. Fraser

Donald Alexander Stuart Fraser OC FRSC (April 29, 1925–December 21, 2020) was a Canadian statistician, and Professor Emeritus at the University of Toronto. In 2012 he was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada for his influence in the advancement of the statistical sciences in Canada. In 1961 he was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association. In 1985, he was awarded the first Gold Medal of the Statistical Society of Canada. In 2014 he was chosen as a fellow of the American Mathematical Society "for contributions to the theory and foundations of statistics, as well as for leadership and influence on the advancement of the statistical sciences."

## Early life

Donald Fraser was born in Toronto, and raised in Stratford, Ontario. He attended St. Andrew's College in Aurora from 1939 to 1942, and the University of Toronto from 1942 to 1947, completing a bachelor's degree in mathematics, physics and chemistry. While at the University of Toronto he distinguished himself in the sciences, and especially in mathematics. He was a member of the first place team and a Putnam fellow in the William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition in 1946.
# Domiporta hebes

Domiporta hebes is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Mitridae, the miters or miter snails.

## Description

The shell size varies between 10 mm and 70 mm

## Distribution

This species is distributed in the Atlantic Ocean along West Africa, Cape Verde and Gabon.
# Doncaster (disambiguation)

Doncaster is a large city in South Yorkshire, United Kingdom.
Doncaster may also refer to:

## Places

* Doncaster, Victoria, a suburb of Melbourne
* Electoral district of Doncaster, a former electoral district in Victoria, Australia
* Doncaster, Quebec, an Indian reserve in Canada
* Doncaster, Maryland (disambiguation), multiple places in the U.S. state of Maryland

## People

* Stuart Doncaster (1890–1955), English footballer

## Other

* Doncaster (horse), an influential Thoroughbred racehorse
# Dongluo

Dongluo (simplified Chinese: 东罗镇; traditional Chinese: 東罗鎮; pinyin: Dōngluó Zhèn; zhuang: Dunghloz Cin) is a town under the administration of Fusui County in southern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. As of 2011, it had an area of 215.5 square kilometres (83.2 sq mi) populated by 41,000 people residing in 9 villages. 94% of the people belong to the Zhuang ethnic group.

## Administrative divisions

There are 9 villages:
Villages:
* Dongluo (东罗村), Kelan (客兰村), Douchong (都充村), Nalian (那练村), Cenfan (岑凡村), Qukan (渠坎村), Bayang (岜羊村), Dongdou (东斗村), Houzhai (厚寨村)
# Donglü

Donglü (simplified Chinese: 东闾; traditional Chinese: 東閭; pinyin: Dōnglǘ), also written as Donglu, is a village in Donglü Town (东闾镇), in Qingyuan District, Baoding, Hebei province, China. It has become known for the apparition of the Blessed Virgin Mary, known as Our Lady of China, witnessed there in 1900, and the Marian shrine and pilgrimage site which have since developed.

## Geography

Donglü is located about 140 kilometres south-west of the Chinese capital Beijing and about 20 kilometers to the southeast of Baoding, to which Qingyuan County administratively belongs.

## Religion

In 2004 it was reported that as many as 7000 of Donglü's approximately 9000 residents are Catholic, giving the town probably a larger concentration of Catholics than any other place in China. The city is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Baoding.
Donglü is home to a Gothic-style church originally constructed in the late 1880s and rebuilt in 1992 after being reduced to ruins in 1941 during the Second World War when it caught fire due to Japanese artillery bombardment. The structure is said to be large enough to hold several thousand people; local officials reportedly maintain that the church building is the largest in north China.

## Our Lady of China

Donglü was the site of a Marian apparition in 1900 during the Boxer Rebellion. This apparition became known in Catholic devotion as Our Lady of China or Our Lady of Donglü. In the Catholic Church, Donglü was consecrated as the shrine for Our Lady of China in 1932 by Pope Pius XI. On May 23, 1995, an apparition of Mary took place, reportedly witnessed by over 30,000 pilgrims, and certified by the bishop of Baoding. Witnesses spoke of the sun spinning from left-to-right in the sky and giving off various colors. The phenomenon lasted approximately twenty minutes.

### Recent events

Since the 1990s, multiple sources have reported that there have been several years in which pilgrimages to Donglü have been declared illegal by the government. Public security forces have been employed to attempt to prevent pilgrims from reaching the village or the shrine or to force those present to leave. In various incidents, multiple individuals have been arrested.
Various leaders of the Baoding diocese in which Donglü falls have also been arrested and/or incarcerated. In April and May 1996, up to 5,000 troops were mobilized along with about 30 armored cars as well as helicopters in order to isolate the village. The statue of Mary at the shrine was reportedly confiscated.
The original and largest shrine in Donglü has reportedly been destroyed by persecutors, though the original image of Our Lady of China is reportedly under the protection of disguised Catholic priests in the region.
# Dopamine (Purple Disco Machine song)

"Dopamine" is a song by German disco and house music producer and DJ Purple Disco Machine featuring Dutch singer-songwriter Eyelar, released on 27 August 2021 as a single from Purple Disco Machine's second studio album Exotica. The song has received over 100 million streams on Spotify.

## Composition

"Dopamine" is a track with an "80s-disco style". It is written in the key of B minor, with a tempo of 118 beats per minute.

## Music video

The music video was released on 10 September 2021 and directed by James Fitzgerald. It showcases Purple Disco Machine as an eccentric scientist who "calls on his sleekly moustached 80s Californian sidekick to rescue Eyelar from 2021 with his time travelling Chevy Camaro". Video was filmed in Montenegro.

## Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from AllMusic.
* Edvard Førre Erfjord – composer
* Eyelar – primary artist, vocals, composer
* Matt Johnson – keyboards, synthesizer
* Monte – computer music preparation, computer vocals, mixing, voices
* Alexander Pavelich – composer, vocals (background)
* Purple Disco Machine – primary artist, producer, recording arranger, bass, keyboards, synthesizer, composer
* John Summit – remix engineer
* Chi Thanh – guitar
* Jenson Vaughan – composer
* Drew Michael – drums

## Certifications

Certifications for "Dopamine" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Austria (IFPI Austria) | Platinum | 30,000$^‡$ |
| France (SNEP) | Gold | 100,000$^‡$ |
| Germany (BVMI) | Gold | 300,000$^‡$ |
| Hungary (MAHASZ) | Platinum | 4,000$^‡$ |
| Italy (FIMI) | Gold | 50,000$^‡$ |
| Poland (ZPAV) | Gold | 25,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Doorway, Kentucky

Doorway is an unincorporated community located in Perry County, Kentucky, United States. Their post office closed in 1959.
The origin of the name "Doorway" is obscure.
# Dorin

Dorin may refer to:

## Romanian masculine given name

* Dorin Chirtoacă
* Dorin Dănilă
* Dorin Drăguțanu
* Dorin Goian
* Dorin Recean
* Dorin Rotariu
* Dorin Tudoran

## Surname

* Françoise Dorin (1928–2018), French actor, comedian, novelist, playwright and songwriter; daughter of René
* René Dorin (1891-1969), French chansonnier, screenwriter and playwright
# Double Dynamite (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Double Dynamite is a compilation album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley. The album was released in December 1975, and compiles various tracks that had previously been released on nine budget-priced albums on the RCA Camden label. This was also among the first albums issued by Pickwick after gaining reissue rights to the RCA Camden catalog earlier that year. It was certified Gold and Platinum on 1/6/2004 by the RIAA.

## Reissues and Foreign releases

The album was also issued by Pickwick in Great Britain and by RCA itself in Australia, under the title "The Elvis Explosion". Both the Great Britain and Australian issues add two songs not on the US release: "Tender Feeling" and "Charro".
In 1982, in conjunction with Pair Records, RCA Special Products reissued this album with two fewer songs ("You'll Never Walk Alone" and "If You Think I Don't Need You"), plus new cover artwork. Five years later, this 16-song version was issued on CD.
# Dorytomus imbecillus

Dorytomus imbecillus is a species of true weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America.
# Dorytomus frostii

Dorytomus frostii is a species of true weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America.
# Doubling

Doubling may refer to:

## Mathematics

* Arithmetical doubling of a count or a measure, expressed as:
** Multiplication by 2
** Increase by 100%, i.e. one-hundred percent
** Doubling the cube (i. e., hypothetical geometric construction of a cube with twice the volume of a given cube)
* Doubling time, the length of time required for a quantity to double in size or value
* Doubling map, a particular infinite two-dimensional geometrical construction
* see also: Period-doubling bifurcation

## Music

* The composition or performance of a melody with itself or itself transposed at a constant interval such as the octave, third, or sixth, Voicing (music)#Doubling
* The assignment of a melody to two instruments in an arrangement
* The playing of two (or more) instruments alternately by a single player, e.g. Flute, doubling piccolo
** Musicians who play more than one woodwind instrument are called woodwind doublers or reed players
* Double tracking, a recording technique in which a musical part (or vocal) is recorded twice and mixed together, to strengthen or "fatten" the tone.

## Other

* Doubling (psychodrama) is a technique of provoking a protagonist by a participant, for effect.
* Doubling in the theatre is where one actor plays more than one part in the same performance.
* Doubling (textiles) is the process where six slivers of cotton are fed into a draw frame, stretched and drawn together to improve the uniformity of the roving before it is spun
* Doubling (naval tactic) was a means of focusing gunfire in formations of sailing warships maneuvering as a line of battle.
* Double knitting is the process of combining two or more lengths of yarn into a single thread.
* Doubling in two-way radio, where two or more transmitters transmit at once on the same frequency, interfering with one another and garbling all messages.
* Syntactic doubling is a phenomenon consisting in the lengthening (gemination) of the initial consonant of certain words
* When more than one round is fired in a semiautomatic gas powered rifle with only one pull of the trigger, also known as a slam fire.
* Doubling trains tracks has two tracks for two direction traffic.
# Doubleview, Western Australia

Doubleview is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia in the local government area of the City of Stirling. It was named Doubleview due to its views of both the Indian Ocean to the west and the Darling Range to the east.

## Location

Doubleview lies between Scarborough to the west and Innaloo to the east on the heavily trafficked Scarborough Beach Road. It is bordered by Newborough Street to the North, Grand Promenade to the West, Williamstown Road to the South, and Huntriss Road to the East. Its main roads are Sackville Terrace and Scarborough Beach Road.

## History

In 1895, the land was occupied by John Daniel Manning (1814-1895), an English-born dairy farmer, shortly before his death. In 1910, a real estate investor called Charles Edgar Stoneman purchased the land and started selling it in subdivisions. He used the same street names used in the centre of Perth, leading buyers to believe they were purchasing land there. In 1916, a real estate developer called M. L. Connor purchased the Southern portion of Doubleview and started selling it in subdivisions. After he failed to sell many, it was purchased by a team of real estate developers, Dudley and Dwyer, in 1926. They were the ones who coined the name 'Doubleview.' However, the land subdivisions failed to sell again.
Shortly after the Second World War, the Western Australian government built houses for returning soldiers in the Northern section of Doubleview. Those first houses were built in timber-frame. More recently, houses have been built using brick and tile. It has remained a predominantly residential area.

## School

Doubleview contains one state primary school, Doubleview Primary School, located at 203 St Brigid's Terrace.

## Churches

* The Perth Chinese Christian Church is located at 146 Flamborough Street.
* A meeting house of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is located at 71 Princess Road.
* Doubleview Parish of the Catholic Archdiocese of Perth is located in the neighbouring suburb of Woodlands

## Public parks

Doubleview contains several public parks:
* Bradley Reserve.
* Munro Reserve.
* Bennett Park.