OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Libération-Nord

Libération-Nord ("Liberation-North") was one of the principal resistance movements in the northern occupied zone of France during the Second World War.
It was one of the eight great networks making up the National Council of the Resistance.

## History

Initially an underground newspaper, from December 1940 to November 1941 Libération-Nord was transformed into a resistance movement. Aiming to express the secret movements of the non-communist unions among the Confédération générale du travail the Confédération Française des Travailleurs Chrétiens and the Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière (SFIO), Libération-Nord was formed around Christian Pineau and the team of the Manifeste des douze. The movement was not entirely socialist but the leadership was socialist.
In 1942, two resistance networks were created from within Libération-Nord under the command of the Bureau central de renseignements et d'action:
* Phalanx in the zone Sud, created by Christian Pineau
* Cohors-Asturies in the zone Nord.
In early 1943 Libération-Nord began to organise armed groups under the impetus of Jean Cavaillès and Colonel Zarapoff. Represented at the National Council of the Resistance, where he exerted the influence of the underground SFIO, the movement withheld its participation from the Mouvements unis de la Résistance in December 1943.
With the instar of the Organisation civile et militaire, Libération-Nord failed to create a great workers' party with its origins in the resistance.

## Principal members

* Pierre Boursicot
* Jean Aimé Caillau
* Jean Cavaillès
* Michel Collinet
* Jean-Baptiste Daviais
* Paul Rassinier
* Jean Gosset
* René Iché
* Marcel Mérigonde
* Christian Pineau
* Yves Rocard
* Louis Saillant
* François Tanguy-Prigent
* Colonel Zarapoff
# Tiririt

Tiririt, also known as taririt or papet, is a type of small dinghy of the Sama-Bajau and Tausug people of the Philippines. It is commonly motorized. It is usually carried aboard larger motherships and assists in transporting passenger and cargo to the shore, as well as in towing the boat to port. However, it can also be used as a small inter-island transport. It is roughly leaf-shaped in outline with a distinctive hump-backed side-profile. The prow and stern can sometimes rise up into arcs. It normally has no outriggers.
Larger independent versions of the tiririt reaching up to around 7 m (23 ft) long, are known as buti or buti-buti. They have upturned prows and sterns and can carry around a dozen people. Buti-buti are the subject of a Sama-Bajau folk dance also known as "buti-buti", which depicts everyday activities of fishing villages accompanied by a song (leleng).
# Gundega

Gundega is a Latvian given name and may refer to:
* Gundega Cenne (1933–2009), Canadian artist
* Gundega Repše (born 1960), Latvian writer
* Gundega Sproģe (born 1972), Latvian triple jumper
# Travis Ivey

Travis Ivey (born December 22, 1986) is a former American football nose tackle. He was signed by the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League (NFL) as an undrafted free agent in 2010. He played college football at Maryland.

## College career
### Maryland (2006-2009)

Ivey redshirted his freshman year and played a reserve role as a sophomore and the beginning of his junior year. Ivey started the final four games of his junior year and all 12 games of his senior year.

## Professional career
### Miami Dolphins

After going undrafted in the 2010 NFL draft, Ivey signed with the Miami Dolphins. He was waived on August 23.

### Cleveland Browns

Ivey signed with the Cleveland Browns on August 25, 2010.

### Oakland Raiders

He signed with the Oakland Raiders during the 2011 season and was placed on their practice squad. He was cut several days into the team's 2012 training camp after failing to finish a conditioning run.
# Families Civil Liberties Union

The Families Civil Liberties Union (FCLU) is an American non-profit professional activist organization. The FCLU fights for fairness in the family court system, and seeks to expose corruption and misconduct by family court judges, attorneys, and psychologists.

## History

The Families Civil Liberties Union was founded in 2012 by Gregory Roberts, in direct response to the US Family Court's lack of protection and support for the fathers and mothers of divorcing families and the children who become harmed by protracted, expensive and emotionally damaging custody battles.
In 2019, the FCLU produced a widely viewed short film, Portrait of a Family Court Calamity, which exposed misconduct by judges and attorneys in New York City.

## Mission

Since inception, the FCLU's mission has been to protect families from predatory, out of control family court system until the family court system serves to protect families.
# PWN-9 Kangaroo

The XPWN-9A Kangaroo was a project to develop a sounding rocket intended for use by the United States Navy. Using an unconventional design, flight tests were unsuccessful, and it was not put into production.

## History

The Kangaroo was designed as a "boosted dart" type rocket, the unpropelled "dart" containing the payload being housed within the solid booster rocket's propellant, where, upon burnout, it would be ejected from the rocket by a pyrotechnic device. Rail launched, Kangaroo was intended to be used to measure radiation levels and the density of micrometeorites prior to the launch of crewed space flights.
The initial design of what was then called Kangaroo-Dart was developed by the Aeromachnics Branch of the U.S. Navy's Pacific Missile Range. Detailed design was performed by Aerojet; however when bids for developing the prototype, given the designation XPWN-9A, were requested, United Technologies Corporation submitted the winning bid and was given a contract for construction of prototypes in November 1969.
Flight trials of the Kangaroo booster were undertaken at the Pacific Missile Range at Point Mugu; they proved unsuccessful, and production of the rocket was not undertaken.
# Siu Lam

Siu Lam (Chinese: 小欖) is an area and a village in Tuen Mun District, Hong Kong.

## Administration

Siu Lam is one of the 36 villages represented within the Tuen Mun Rural Committee. For electoral purposes, Siu Lam is part of the So Kwun Wat constituency.
# Tizheruk

In Inuit religion, the Tizheruk is a mythical large serpent-like creature that is said to inhabit the waters near Key Island, Alaska. It is said to have a two-metre (6.6 ft) head and a tail with a flipper. The local Inuit claim that it has snatched people off piers without their noticing its presence. It is also called Pal-Rai-Yûk. It is said to be similar to Naitaka of the Okanakanes (Ogopogo) and the Haietlik of the Nuu-chah-nulth.
# Li family

Li family or Lee family may refer to:

## Modern Asia

* Lee family (Singapore), family of Singaporean politicians
* Li Shek-pang family, Hong Kong banking family
* Li Ka-shing family, Hong Kong business family
* Eight Li brothers from 20th-century China
* Cantonese family that runs the company Lee Kum Kee

## Martial arts

* Li family kung fu, a style of kung fu
* Lee-style tai chi, a style of tai chi

## Chinese history

* Ruling family of Cheng Han (304–347)
* House of Li, ruling family of the Western Liang (400–421) and Tang (618–690, 705–907) dynasties
* Ruling family of Jin (Later Tang precursor) (896–923) and Later Tang (923–937)
* Ruling family of Southern Tang (937–976)
* Ruling family of Dingnan Jiedushi from 881 to 1038 and Western Xia (1038–1227)

## Vietnamese history

Lý (李) can also be romanized as Lí
* Two of the three rulers of Former Lý (544–602)
* Ruling family of the Lý dynasty (1009–1225)

## Korean history

Yi (李, 이) can also be romanized as Li (리)
* House of Yi, ruling family of Joseon and Korean Empire from 1392 to 1910
# Gunnebo (disambiguation)

Gunnebo may refer to:
* Gunnebo, a Swedish town
* Gunnebo House, a château in Sweden
* Gunnebo Security Group, a multinational corporation
# Orville Siegfried

Orville Maynard Siegfried (February 19, 1903 – May 1965) was a professional American football player for the St. Louis All-Stars. He attended high school in Lee's Summit, Missouri. He attended Washington & Jefferson College.
# Llonín

Llonín is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Peñamellera Alta, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.
The population is 83 (INE 2007).
43°20′00″N 4°39′00″W﻿ / ﻿43.333333°N 4.65°W﻿ / 43.333333; -4.65
* This article about a location in the Principality of Asturias, Spain, is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Families Against Mandatory Minimums

Families Against Mandatory Minimums (FAMM) is an American nonprofit advocacy organization founded in 1991 to challenge mandatory sentencing laws and advocate for criminal justice reform. FAMM promotes sentencing policies that give judges the discretion to distinguish between defendants and sentence them according to their role in the offense, the seriousness of the offense, and their potential for rehabilitation. FAMM's members include prisoners and their families, attorneys, judges, criminal justice experts, and concerned citizens. In 2018, The Washington Post described FAMM as "one of the leading organizations that have pushed for criminal justice changes."
The organization's founder, Julie Stewart, started FAMM shortly after her brother was convicted of growing marijuana plants near his home and given a mandatory five year federal prison sentence.
FAMM organized lobbying efforts in support of the First Step Act, a law which reforms the U.S. federal prison system and seeks to reduce recidivism and decrease the federal inmate population. The organizers succeeded in their efforts and the Act was passed by the 115th Congress and signed into law in December 2018. It changed U.S. federal criminal sentencing laws, among other reforms.
# Tropidoturris anaglypta

Tropidoturris anaglypta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Borsoniidae.

## Description

The size of the shell attains 10 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off KwaZulu-Natal and Zululand, South Africa
# Li coronemenz Looïs

Li coronemenz Looïs (also spelled Le coronement Looïs) is an anonymous twelfth-century Old French chanson de geste. It is sometimes attributed to Bertrand de Bar-sur-Aube and dated 1137. The first modern critical edition of the text was published in 1888 by Ernest Langlois under the title Le Couronnement de Louis.
The chanson is, as its title indicates, about the coronation of Louis the Pious, son of Charlemagne. The story begins with the aging emperor preparing to abdicate the throne to his fifteen-year-old son. Louis is hesitant in the face of the enormous responsibilities that attend the wearing of the crown. When the emperor dies, to the spontaneous ringing of bells, Arnéïs d'Orléans assumes the reins of government until the young prince has come of age; Louis meanwhile abides at the court of Guillaume d'Orange.
Guillaume soon embarks on a pilgrimage to Rome with the young Louis and there they find the city besieged by Saracens. Guillaume challenges a Saracen champion to single combat and decisively defeats him, becoming a champion of the Pope and the saviour of Rome in the process. He has lost, however, the tip of his nose, from the Saracen's sword, and is thenceforth known by the sobriquet Guillaume au court nez: Guillaume of the short nose.
This early chanson is highly historical in character. Its description of Charlemagne is gleaned largely from the entry for the year 813 in the Vita Hludowici. As it was composed during the reign of Louis VII of France, who was for most of his life without a male heir, the politics behind the story's strong emphasis on the hereditary nature of kingship is partial to the Capetian.
# Gunilla Wahlén

Gunilla Wahlén (born 1951) is a Swedish Left Party politician. She was a member of the Riksdag from 1998 to 2010.
# Treaty of Cession of Tutuila

The Treaty of Cession of Tutuila, also known as the Deed of Cession of Tutuila, was a treaty between several chiefs of the island of Tutuila and the United States signed on April 17, 1900, whereby the chiefs swore allegiance to, and ceded the island of Tutuila to, the United States, which now forms part of American Samoa. In the late 19th century there was increased competition among the United States, Germany and the United Kingdom for influence and control in the Pacific region, which was a strategic location for naval bases. The Second Samoan Civil War occurred between 1898 and 1899 because of conflicts among high-ranking Samoan chiefs and the influence of Germany, the United States and the United Kingdom for control over the Samoan islands. The Tripartite Convention of 1899 ended the Second Samoan Civil War and was signed between the United States, the United Kingdom, and the German Empire partitioning the Samoan islands under German and U.S. control. The Samoan Islands had also experienced political instability and conflict among rival chiefs. U.S. representatives in the region engaged with local chiefs to persuade them of the benefits of ceding the territory to the U.S. The chiefs agreed and the treaty was formally signed on April 17, 1900, in the Gagamoe area in Pago Pago. The first American flag was raised later that same day on Sogelau Hill in Fagatogo. It was ratified by the United States Congress by the Ratification Act of 1929 officially incorporating Tutuila into what is now American Samoa. This treaty marked the beginning of American Samoa as a U.S. territory. Initially, the U.S. Navy governed the island for over fifty years before the territory became self-governing. American Samoa remains an unincorporated territory of the United States.
Samoa’s earliest inhabitants arrived as early as 1500 BC, and its history includes notable events such as the arrival of missionary John Williams in the 1830s and significant interactions with European and American traders. The involvement of foreign powers often led to conflicts and political changes, culminating in the treaties that shaped modern American Samoa.
The matai (local chiefs) of Tutuila ceded the island to the United States, followed by Manu’a in 1904 and Swain Island in 1925 (which was not included in the original treaties cession of Tutuila and Manu’a but was privately owned for decades and annexed by the United States and incorporated into American Samoa ratified by the Swains Island Act of 1925). Initially, the U.S. Navy governed the American Samoa territory until 1951, when authority was transferred to the Department of the Interior. American Samoa adopted its own constitution in 1967, which was approved by the Secretary of the Interior, and held its first constitutional elections in 1977. Unlike citizens of other U.S. territories, American Samoans are U.S. nationals but do not vote in federal elections or pay federal taxes.
# Samuel Alfred Varley

Samuel Alfred Varley (1832–1921) was an English electrical engineer. He was one of ten children born to Cornelius Varley and Elizabeth Livermore Straker.

## Career

In 1852, Samuel started work for the Electric Telegraph Company in Manchester. His brother, C. F. Varley, had been employed by the same company since 1849. During the 1850s, Samuel was involved in supervising field telegraphs in the Crimean War. He also published papers on cable signalling. In 1861, Samuel took over the running of a telegraph factory in London, owned by his father.

## Inventions

In 1866, he was among the first to make a self-excited dynamo. Other contenders were Charles Wheatstone and Werner von Siemens. He also invented compound winding for dynamos.
In 1873, he read a paper at the Society of Engineers. The subject was "Railway Train Intercommunication" and he described a system fitted to the London and North Western Railway Royal Train.

## Family

In 1860, Samuel married Emily Andrews and the couple had seven children.

## Death

Samuel died at Abbottsacre Lodge, Abbott's Road, Winchester on 4 August 1921. His estate passed to his son Telford Varley (1866–1938).
# Protein Wisdom (blog)

Protein Wisdom is a libertarian weblog created by former academic and sometime fiction writer Jeff Goldstein—a self-described classical liberal.

## Background

Goldstein's respect for the legacy of Hunter S. Thompson is an enduring theme, as is his sardonic allusions to such popular cult figures as Martha Stewart and the fictional Billy Jack. The blog is known for its bawdy overtones, surrealistic sense of humor, and biting wit. Ronald Reagan and Barry Goldwater are also held in high esteem.

## Controversies

Goldstein vocally opposed the abrupt change of financial arrangements by Pajamas Media in 2009, which deprived him — and other bloggers such as The Anchoress and Ace of Spades HQ — of income from PJM-mediated advertising. He also publicly chastised those he refers to as GOP pragmatists or realists for their criticism of Rush Limbaugh's answer to a question about the coming Obama presidency, once again relying on linguistics and hermeneutics to make the point that "losing more slowly" is still losing, and that there is nothing more pragmatic, as a political strategy, than standing on principle

## Deborah Frisch incident

On July 4, 2006, University of Arizona adjunct professor Deborah Frisch started writing comments at Protein Wisdom. Two days later, she wrote "You live in Colorado, I see. Hope no one JonBenets your baby." She then added: "I reiterate: If some nutcase kidnapped your child tomorrow and did to him what was done to your fellow Coloradan, JonBenet Ramsey, I wouldn't give a damn." She later resigned and apologized, saying "I don’t think professors should do that. I crossed the line." Her behavior gained nationwide news coverage. Following further incidents, Goldstein obtained a restraining order and preliminary injunction against her. Goldstein has said he took temporary breaks from blogging to deal with continued harassment from Frisch, who has faced continued legal problems since her relocation to the Pacific Northwest. Conservative bloggers have alleged cyberstalking and other strange behavior by Frisch since then. In 2015, Frisch was arrested four times on charges including stalking, menacing, criminal trespass, and initiating a false police report. During the controversy, Protein Wisdom underwent repeated denial-of-service attacks.
# Tropidoturris planilirata

Tropidoturris planilirata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Borsoniidae.

## Description

The size of the biconic shell attains 16.8 mm. Characteristical for this species is the fact that the shell has no axial ribs. The broad spiral lirae are close and flattened. The shoulder cord is very weak.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
# Mark McDonald

Mark McDonald may refer to:
* Mark McDonald (politician) (born 1980), Scottish politician
* Mark McDonald (hurler) (1888–1952), Irish hurler
* Marc McDonald, American who was Microsoft's first salaried employee
# Title II

Title II may refer to:
* Patriot Act, Title II
* Title II of the Communications Act of 1934
* Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
* Title II of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act
# Gunilla Wallengren

Gunilla Wallengren (born 2 May 1979) is a Swedish Paralympic athlete who competes in middle-distance events in international level events.
At the age of six, she joined Drivringen, a newly started club in her home town of Trollhättan.
She has won the Great North Run four times.
At the 5000m race held at the 2008 Beijing Paralympics, Wallengren was involved in a mass crash involving six participants, losing consciousness for several minutes. She recovered and set her sights on the 2012 Paralympics in London. Her results there was a 8th place at 400m and 9th place at 1500m.
# Trephina Gorge

Trephina Gorge is a gorge in the Northern Territory of Australia located in the locality of Hart in the East MacDonnell Ranges about 85 kilometres (53 mi) east of Alice Springs.
The gorge is named after the Trephina Creek which is believed to be named after Tryphina Benstead (née Rains) who was the wife of William (Bill) Benstead, the manager of Undoolya Station from 1877 onwards and the first licensee of the Stuart Arms Hotel in Alice Springs.
Prior to August 1965, all of the gorge was located within The Garden pastoral lease. On 12 August 1965, land associated with part of the gorge was excised from the pastoral lease and gazetted as the "Trephina Gorge Scenic Reserve". This land was renamed in 1978 as the "Trephina Gorge Nature Park". On 17 September 2008, the title of this land was transferred to the Atnerrperrke Aboriginal Land Trust to be held on trust for its traditional owners. The land was subsequently leased to the Northern Territory government for 99 years to continue its use as the Trephina Gorge Nature Park. $^{:1}$
* Images showing from Trephina Gorge
* Ghost gum
* Grey-headed honeyeater at the gorge
* Painted finch at the gorge
# Samuel Alexander Stewart

Samuel Alexander Stewart (1826, Philadelphia – 1910) was an American Irish botanist and geologist.

## Life

Stewart was born to an Irish family in Philadelphia in 1826. He was by profession a trunk maker but his interest was in plants. His mother died in America and his father returned to Ireland in 1837.
Stewart left school at eleven initially worked with his fathers at a distillers. Eventually both of them worked in his family's trunk-making business. Whilst we worked Stewart had a very thin education from the local Sunday school.
He attended Ralph Tate's science classes from 1860 and he was a founder member of the Belfast Naturalists' Field Club. He became an assistant curator of the Belfast Natural History Society Museum Eleven years later in 1891 he was appointed Curator. He died after falling whilst crossing the road.
Samuel Alexander Stewart is best known for editing Stewart, S.A. & Corry, Thomas, Hughes. 1888 The flora of the north-east of Ireland. Corry (1860 - 1883) drowned in Lough Gill, Co. Sligo and Stewart completed the Flora alone.
# Prudnik (disambiguation)

Prudnik is a city in south-west Poland.
Prudnik may also refer to:
* Prudnik County, county in Opole, Poland
* Prudnik (river), river of the Czech Republic and Poland
* Gmina Prudnik, gmina in Opole, Poland
* Pogoń Prudnik, Polish basketball team
* Pogoń Prudnik (football), Polish football club
* Prudnik Silesian dialect, Silesian dialect
# Fate: The Best of Death

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Fate: The Best of Death is a compilation album by Death. It contains songs collected from their first four albums, Scream Bloody Gore (1987), Leprosy (1988), Spiritual Healing (1990) and Human (1991).
Fate was a collection of songs from the first four Death albums controlled by Relativity Records, subsequently purchased by Sony Music Entertainment, and licensed by them to Century Media in Germany. The label used the impending lapse in the contract to release the album; other bands on the label also had compilation albums issued, including Exodus, Forbidden, Dark Angel and Possessed.
The album was set to be re-released by Relapse Records in October 2023.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Chuck Schuldiner, except where noted

## Personnel

* Chuck Schuldiner : guitars and vocals (all tracks), bass (tracks 1, 3, 5, 8, 9 and 10)
* Paul Masvidal : guitars (tracks 2 and 6)
* Rick Rozz : guitars (tracks 3, 9 and 10)
* James Murphy : guitars (tracks 4 and 7)
* Steve DiGiorgio : bass (tracks 2 and 6)
* Terry Butler : bass (tracks 4 and 7)
* Chris Reifert : drums (tracks 1, 5 and 8)
* Sean Reinert : drums (tracks 2 and 6)
* Bill Andrews : drums (tracks 3, 4, 7, 9 and 10)