OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tobacco Products Control Act, 1993

The Tobacco Products Control Act was introduced in South Africa in 1993, where smoking has been rated the second highest health concern, after HIV/AIDS.
This act has been amended several times during the past decade and today South Africa has some of the strictest tobacco control measures ever adopted by the government of a developing country. It is estimated that cigarette consumption has fallen dramatically since the early 1990s while the percentage of adult smokers in the country has dropped from 32 to 26.5 percent.

## The Tobacco Products Control Act of 1993

The South African Government passed the first Tobacco Products Control Act in 1993 and started implementing the act in 1995. The act regulated smoking in public areas and prohibited tobacco sales to people under the age of 16. Some aspects of tobacco advertising were also regulated for example labelling.

## The Tobacco Products Control Amendment Act - 1999

The 1993 act was not considered to be comprehensive enough and the Tobacco Products Control Amendment Act was passed in 1999. This act bans all advertising and promotion of tobacco products, including sponsorship and free distribution of tobacco products. The act also restricts smoking in public places which includes the workplace, restaurants and bars and public transport. The act also stipulates penalties for transgressors of the law, and specifies the maximum permissible levels of tar and nicotine. The regulations were implemented in 2001.

## The Tobacco Products Control Amendment Act - 2007

The government proposed further amendments to the bill in 2007 which will seek to deal with new practices designed to circumvent the provisions of the Act. These amendments will also aim to bring the current law into compliance with the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). This framework has been ratified by the South African government.
The former minister Madlala-Routledge was quoted:
   The Bill further proposes a number of amendments to the Act, which are designed to promote health and prevent diseases. The main provisions of the Bill are to:
   * amend the current Act so as to strengthen the sections which prohibit advertising, promotion and sponsorship
   * remove misleading package descriptors like "light" and "mild"
   * control the ingredients in and emissions from tobacco products
   * increase penalties for breaking the law.

## The Tobacco Products Control Amendment Act, 2008

The act was amended by Act 36 of 2008 with these changes:
* Changes the definitions of advertising
* specifically includes regulation of importers
* Specifically bans promotions and product placement
* Raises the minimum age to buy / obtain cigarettes to 18 years
* Prohibits the sale of candy cigarettes
* Prohibits the sale of cigarettes at educational premises for people under 18 or on health-related premises
* Prohibits online or postal sales of tobacco products
* Prohibits giving away cigarettes or offer rewards or prizes for their purchase
* Additional regulation of cigarette vending machines
# SS Teutonia

A number of steamships were named Teutonia, including -
* SS Teutonia (1856) - in service with Hamburg Brazilianische Packetschiffahrt Gesellschaft (1856-58), Hamburg Amerika Line 1858-77, Dominion Steamship Co 1877-78 and Mississippi and Dominion Steamship Co 1878-82, 1884.
* SS Teutonia (1878) - in service with the Hamburg Amerika Line 1878-1901
* SS Teutonia (1881) - in service with the African Steamship Company 1881-90
* SS Teutonia (1889) - in service with the Hamburg Amerila Line 1899-1905
* SS Teutonia (1892) - in service with the Batavia Line 1892-1917
* SS Teutonia (1906) - in service with HAPAG 1922-33
* FV Teutonia - A steam fishing trawler in service 1937–39, served as an auxiliay minesweeper and vorpostenboot during the Second World War
# Ernst Marcus

Ernst Marcus may refer to:
* Ernst Marcus (zoologist) (1893–1968), German zoologist
* Ernst Marcus (philosopher) (1856–1928), German lawyer and philosopher
# Play That Song

Play That Song may refer to:
* "Play That Song" (Tony Touch song), 2005
* "Play That Song" (Train song), 2016
* "Hey DJ! (Play That Song)", a song by N-Tyce from their 1998 album All Day Every Day
# Lasionycta mono

Lasionycta mono is a moth of the family Noctuidae. This species is known only from the type locality in the Sierra Nevada.
The habitat is most likely rocky tundra.
The wingspan is about 26 mm.
# Thorunna perplexa

Thorunna perplexa is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Chromodorididae.

## Distribution

This species is reported from south-eastern Australia and Tasmania.
# Mangyongdae Children's Palace

The Mangyongdae Children's Palace (or Mangyongdae School Children's Palace) in Pyongyang is a public facility managed by Korean Youth Corps in North Korea where pioneer members can engage in extra-curricular activities, such as learning music, foreign languages, computing skills and sports. It was established on 2 May 1989 and it is situated in Kwangbok (Liberation) Street [de], in the north of Mangyongdae-guyok. It is the largest of the palaces in North Korea dedicated to children's after-school activities. In front of the Children's Palace there are a grand sculpture group and two enormous fountains, rising 90 and 100 metres.
The Mangyongdae Children's Palace has 120 rooms, a swimming pool, a gymnasium and a 2,000-seat theatre. The Mangyongdae Children's Palace is not to be confused with the Pyongyang Children's Palace [ko] situated in the north of the Kim Il-sung Square and founded in 1963.
# Torre Bormida

Torre Bormida is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Turin and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Cuneo.
Torre Bormida borders the following municipalities: Bergolo, Bosia, Cortemilia, Cravanzana, Feisoglio, and Levice.
# On the Way Home

On the Way Home is the diary of an American farm wife, Laura Ingalls Wilder, during her 1894 migration with her husband Almanzo Wilder and their seven-year-old daughter, Rose, from De Smet, South Dakota, to Mansfield, Missouri, where they settled permanently.
It provides a detailed, daily description of the family's migration and includes commentary by Rose ("a setting by Rose Wilder Lane"). It was published in 1962, after Laura's death, by Harper & Bros., who had published her Little House series of novels. It is sometimes considered part of the series, which is narrowly a series of eight autobiographical children's novels based on Wilder's life from about 1870 to 1894 in South Dakota, ages about three to 27.
# SV Bad Aussee

SV Bad Aussee was an Austrian association football club, from Bad Aussee. The club was dissolved in 2011.

## Staff and board members

* Manager: Ivo Gölz
* Assistant Manager: Thomas Heissl
# Sarah Hennesy

Sarah E. Hennesy (born 1969 or 1970) is an American lawyer who serves as an associate justice of the Minnesota Supreme Court.

## Education

Hennesy earned a Bachelor of Arts from Central College in 1991 and a Juris Doctor from Drake Law School in 1994.

## Career

From 1994 to 1996, Hennesy was an assistant appellate defender in the State Appellate Defender's Office. From 1998 to 1999, she was an associate attorney with Kohn & Einstein in Washington, D.C. From 1999 to 2003, she worked at the Alexandria Public Defender's Office in Alexandria, Virginia. From 2003 to 2005, she was an associate attorney with Damiani & Damiani, P.C., in Alexandria, Virginia. From 2006 to 2012, she was a staff attorney with the St. Cloud Area Legal Services of St. Cloud, Minnesota.
On March 12, 2012, Governor Mark Dayton appointed Hennesy to serve as a judge of Minnesota's Seventh Judicial District. She replaced Judge Steven P. Ruble, who retired in 2011. In December 2023, Hennesy was one of three candidates named to fill a vacancy on the Minnesota Court of Appeals. The vacancy came after the resignation of Judge Jeffrey Bryan, who was appointed by President Joe Biden to the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota.

### Appointment to Minnesota Supreme Court

In April 2024, Hennesy was one of six candidates named for possible appointment to the Minnesota Supreme Court. On April 22, 2024, Governor Tim Walz announced Hennesy's appointment. She was appointed to the seat vacated by the retirement of Justice G. Barry Anderson. Hennesy took office on May 13, 2024. Walz also announced the appointment of Judge Theodora Gaïtas to fill the upcoming vacancy created by the retirement of Justice Margaret Chutich. With their appointments, the court will have a majority of women for the first time since Justice Rosalie E. Wahl retired in 1994.
# Erie Blizzard

The Erie Blizzard was a proposed independent junior ice hockey team in both the Continental Junior Hockey League (CJHL) and Midwest Junior Hockey League (MWJHL). It was announced to play out of Ice Center of Erie in Erie, Pennsylvania, but never played a game.

## History

The franchise was formed in 2010 as a charter member of the Continental Junior Hockey League for the 2010–11 season. The Blizzard's first head coach was announced as Curtis Prue. Prue had coached at Fairview High School where he won a league championship in 2008. He had also coached at Gannon University. However, prior to the 2010–11 season, the Blizzard had been unable to sign enough players to field a team and merged with the Niagara Fury for the season. In 2011, the Blizzard and Fury were announced to as fielding their own teams for the 2011–12 season. By October 2011, the CJHL was down to just two teams, the Blizzard and Fury. In November, the Blizzard announced they had withdrawn from the league. During the 2011-12 season, franchise Captain Matthew Shumate II led the Blizzard, as well as the CJHL in points until dismembering in 2011. Nicholas Wylucki is credited as the first ever goal scorer in franchise history, assisted by Captain Matthew Shumate II and Assistant Captain Jon Skorka.
The Blizzard briefly returned for the 2012–13 season when the team was announced as one of the founding members of the Midwest Junior Hockey League in the National Conference, Eastern Division. Only a few months into preparations for the season, the Erie Blizzard and a number of other teams went dark.
# Play TV

Play TV or PlayTV may refer to:
* PlayTV, a DVB-T tuner peripheral for the PlayStation 3
* Play TV (game show), a 2009–2010 Irish phone-in quiz show, with versions in other countries
* PlayTV (Brazilian TV channel), a Brazilian channel focused on games, anime and music
* Play TV (Pakistani TV channel), a music channel based in Pakistan
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Šiauliai

Diocese of Šiauliai (Latin: Dioecesis Siauliensis) is a Roman Catholic Diocese of Lithuania. The current bishop is Eugenijus Bartulis (since 1997). The diocese in present structure and territory was established on May 27, 1997.
The diocese covers an area of 7,696 km$^2$ (2,971 sq mi), and is a suffragate of the Archdiocese of Kaunas. In 2004 the diocese of Šiauliai had about 269,861 believers (79.7% of the population), 65 priests and 67 parishes.
The Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in Šiauliai has been assigned as the Cathedral of the diocese. The main pilgrimage place is Hill of Crosses.
# Langford

Langford may refer to:

## Places
### Australia

* Langford, Western Australia

### Canada

* Langford, British Columbia, on Vancouver Island
* Rural Municipality of Langford, Manitoba

### England

* Langford, Bedfordshire
* Langford, Essex
* Langford, Norfolk
* Langford, Nottinghamshire
* Langford, Oxfordshire
* Langford Budville, Somerset
* Lower Langford, Somerset
* Langford House, Durham

### United States

* Langford, Maryland
* Langford, Mississippi
* Langford, New York
* Langford, South Dakota
* Mount Langford, a mountain in Yellowstone National Park

## Other uses

* Langford (surname)
* Viscount Langford
* Baron Langford
* Langford (Part One), 2007 EP by the Payolas
* Langford cultural tradition of the Oneota cultural complex
* Langford pairing
# Thorunna kahuna

Thorunna kahuna is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Chromodorididae.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Hawaii.

## Description

This species is translucent pinkish-white with a magenta submarginal line on the mantle. On the back foot it has two dark purple lines. The rhinophores have translucent pink stalks and orange-red clubs while the gills are orange-red with translucent pink bases. There are prominent, opaque-white mantle glands around the posterior margin of the mantle and, occasionally, in front of the rhinophores which help distinguish it from the very similar Thorunna daniellae. Adult specimens are about 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in) long.

## Ecology

This species feeds on sponges of the genus Dysidea.
# Tortricosia blanda

Tortricosia blanda is a species of moth in the subfamily Arctiinae first described by van Eecke in 1926. It is found on Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo.
# On the Waters

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Rolling Stone Record Guide | |
On the Waters is the second album by Bread, released in July 1970. After the commercial failure of their first album, Gates, Griffin and Royer, along with studio drummer Mike Botts, returned to the studio in a second attempt to make a hit record. Thanks largely to the success of the coinciding single "Make It With You / Why Do You Keep Me Waiting", the album was a success, peaking at 12 on Billboard 200.

## Track listing

Side One
* "Why Do You Keep Me Waiting" – 2:32 (Griffin, Royer)
* "Make It with You" – 3:18 (Gates)
* "Blue Satin Pillow" – 2:29 (Gates)
* "Look What You've Done" – 3:14 (Griffin, Royer)
* "I Am That I Am" – 3:20 (Griffin, Royer)
* "Been Too Long on the Road" – 4:53 (Gates)
Side Two
* "I Want You with Me" – 2:52 (Gates, Griffin)
* "Coming Apart" – 3:30 (Griffin, Royer)
* "Easy Love" – 2:28 (Griffin, Royer)
* "In the Afterglow" – 2:38 (Gates)
* "Call on Me" – 4:03 (Griffin, Royer)
* "The Other Side of Life" – 2:02 (Gates)

## Personnel

* David Gates - vocals, guitar, bass, keyboards
* James Griffin - vocals, guitar, keyboards, bass
* Robb Royer - guitar, bass, keyboards, flute
* Mike Botts - drums, percussion
# SS Samfinn

SS Samfinn was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was transferred to the British Ministry of War Transportation (MoWT) upon completion.

## Construction

Samfinn was laid down on 14 February 1944, under a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MC hull 2352, by J.A. Jones Construction, Brunswick, Georgia; sponsored by Miss Betty Dean, and launched on 31 March 1944.

## History

She was allocated to Donaldson Bros. & Black, on 13 April 1944. On 16 September 1947, she was laid up in the National Defense Reserve Fleet, in Mobile, Alabama. She was sold to Union Minerals and Alloys Corporation, 18 April 1961, for $62,339.89, for scrapping. She was removed from the fleet on 12 June 1961.
# Nia Pearl

Peleka Lwana (born 25 December 1990), known professionally as Nia Pearl, is a South African singer and songwriter. She gained popularity for her collaborations with South African Amapiano producers such as DJ Maphorisa and Kabza De Small.

## Early life and education

Nia Pearl was born and raised in Mthatha, Eastern Cape where she grew up in a family of six sisters and was raised by a father in a close-knit family. She got inspired by her sisters to start writing her own songs. She graduated in 2013 after completing her degree in music. After completing her studies, she began carving her path into music industry.

## Career

In 2014, she performed at The Standard Bank Joy of Jazz festival in Johannesburg. She also participated in the Castle Milk Stout music competition organized by Metro FM. In 2015, she performed at The Nescafe Red Mugg sessions. In April 2017, she released her debut single Liberty which featured SAMA award winning musician Kabomo. Later that same year she released her single, Yiza which was produced by renowned soul and jazz producer Luyanda Madope. The release of the single was accompanied by a video which featured guest artist, Mapele. She was also featured in the Sho Madjozi single titled, User Busy.
In 2020, she collaborated with Kabza De Small on the album, I Am the King of Amapiano, in which she featured on five songs from the project.

## Discography
### Singles and EPs

| Title | Type | Album details |
| Dreamers & Believers | EP | Release date: 2021Label: NEW MONEY GANG (with exclusive license from Sony Music Africa)Formats: Digital download |

### Collaborative projects

| Title | Type | Album details |
| TRINITY (with Nicole Elocin & Bontle Smith) | EP | Release date: 2022Label: NEW MONEY GANG (exclusively distributed under Sony Music Africa)Formats: Digital download |
# Platythyrea clypeata

Platythyrea clypeata, is a species of ant of the subfamily Ponerinae. It is found in Sri Lanka, and China.
# Roji

Roji (露地), lit. 'dewy ground', is the Japanese term used for the garden through which one passes to the chashitsu for the tea ceremony. The roji acts as a transitional space leading from the entry gate to the teahouse, and generally cultivates an air of simplicity and purification.

## Development

The roji developed during the Momoyama era (1573–1603) as the tea ceremony established itself in Japan. Sen no Rikyū was important in the development of the roji. At his tea house Tai-an, the 'sleeve-brushing pine' gained its name from the garden's diminutive size. For his tea house at Sakai, he planted hedges to obscure the view over the Inland Sea, and only when a guest bent over the tsukubai would they see the view. Rikyū explained his design by quoting a verse by Sōgi: "A glimpse of the sea through the trees, and the flash of the stream at my feet." Kobori Enshū was also a leading practitioner.

## Features

The roji is usually divided into an outer and inner garden, with a machiai (waiting arbour). Use of stone as both a decorative and a functional feature is characteristic of the roji. Typical features include the tsukubai (ablution basin), tōrō (lantern), tobi ishi (stepping stones), and wicket gate. Ostentatious plantings are generally avoided in preference for moss, ferns, and evergreens, although ume and Japanese maple can be used.

## Role in Tea Ceremony

The garden acts as a transitional space between the outside world and the ritual seclusion of the ceremony. Guests leave behind the outside world and prepare themselves for the aesthetic and spiritual dimension of the ceremony as they pass through the garden. The roji also provides an opportunity for participants to purify themselves before entering the tea house by washing their hands and mouths with water at the tsukubai.
The host carefully cleans the garden before the ceremony begins. The host's preparations for the ceremony are thus an extension of the ritual of the ceremony. Preparing the garden is meant to clean and order the host's mind. During the tea gathering, the roji is sprinkled with water three times as a form of repeated purification: once before the guests arrive, once during the nakadachi (a break in the ceremony), and once before the guests leave the teahouse.

## Influence

Sadler argues that the roji, with its small size, harmonious proportions, and 'simple suggestiveness' served as a model for domestic Japanese courtyard gardens. Tobi ishi, originally placed to protect the garden's moss, eventually took on an aesthetic nature. The stones were placed to slow down the visitors on their way to the tea house and encourage contemplation of the everyday, an enduring feature of Japanese gardens. Additionally, tōrō, originally used to light the path for ceremonies held at night, were soon adopted as decorations for other types of gardens, a practice that continues.

## Burakumin

In the works of Japanese writer Nakagami Kenji, roji, in the sense of "alley", can also be understood as a euphemism for the buraku ghettos, where burakumin people used to live.
# Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase

Lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51A1) is the animal version of a cytochrome P450 enzyme that is involved in the conversion of lanosterol to 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3β-ol. The cytochrome P450 isoenzymes are a conserved group of proteins that serve as key players in the metabolism of organic substances and the biosynthesis of important steroids, lipids, and vitamins in eukaryotes. As a member of this family, lanosterol 14α-demethylase is responsible for an essential step in the biosynthesis of sterols. In particular, this protein catalyzes the removal of the C-14α-methyl group from lanosterol. This demethylation step is regarded as the initial checkpoint in the transformation of lanosterol to other sterols that are widely used within the cell.

## Evolution

The structural and functional properties of the cytochrome P450 superfamily have been subject to extensive diversification over the course of evolution. Recent estimates indicate that there are currently 10 classes and 267 families of CYP proteins. It is believed that 14α-demethylase or CYP51 diverged early in the cytochrome's evolutionary history and has preserved its function ever since; namely, the removal of the 14α-methyl group from sterol substrates.
Although CYP51's mode of action has been well conserved, the protein's sequence varies considerably between biological kingdoms. CYP51 sequence comparisons between kingdoms reveal only a 22-30% similarity in amino acid composition.

## Structure

Although the structure of 14α-demethylase may vary substantially from one organism to the next, sequence alignment analysis reveals that there are six regions in the protein that are highly conserved in eukaryotes. These include residues in the B' helix, B'/C loop, C helix, I helix, K/β1-4 loop, and β-strand 1-4 that are responsible for forming the surface of the substrate binding cavity. Homology modeling reveals that substrates migrate from the surface of the protein to the enzyme's buried active site through a channel that is formed in part by the A' alpha helix and the β4 loop. Finally, the active site contains a heme prosthetic group in which the iron is tethered to the sulfur atom on a conserved cysteine residue. This group also binds diatomic oxygen at the sixth coordination site, which is eventually incorporated onto the substrate.

## Mechanism

The enzyme-catalyzed demethylation of lanosterol is believed to occur in three steps, each of which requires one molecule of diatomic oxygen and one molecule of NADPH (or some other reducing equivalent). During the first two steps, the 14α-methyl group undergoes typical cytochrome monooxygenation in which one oxygen atom is incorporated by the substrate and the other is reduced to water, resulting in the sterol's conversion to a carboxyalcohol and then a carboxyaldehyde. The aldehyde then departs as formic acid and a double bond is simultaneously introduced to yield the demethylated product.
# Não tem solução

"Não tem solução" is a 1952 Portuguese-language song, a samba-canção, by Dorival Caymmi and Carlos Guinle [pt]. The song was released by Caymmi as a single on Odeon in 1952. Afterwards Dick Farney taught the song to Frankie Laine, who recorded it for his album Foreign Affair in 1958.
# Siccia chogoriae

Siccia chogoriae is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Lars Kühne in 2007. It is found in Kenya.
# Toot Sahib

Gurudwara Shri Toot Sahib is gurdwara, a historical Sikh temple, situated in the Amritsar city of Punjab.
# Olympique Dcheira

Olympic Dcheira is a Moroccan football club based in Dcheira El Jihadia currently playing in the Botola 2. The club was founded in 1940.