OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fourier operator

The Fourier operator is the kernel of the Fredholm integral of the first kind that defines the continuous Fourier transform, and is a two-dimensional function when it corresponds to the Fourier transform of one-dimensional functions. It is complex-valued and has a constant (typically unity) magnitude everywhere. When depicted, e.g. for teaching purposes, it may be visualized by its separate real and imaginary parts, or as a colour image using a colour wheel to denote phase.
It is usually denoted by a capital letter "F" in script font (${\mathcal {F}}$), e.g. the Fourier transform of a function $g(t)$ would be written using the operator as ${\mathcal {F}}g(t)$.
It may be thought of as a limiting case for when the size of the discrete Fourier transform increases without bound while its spatial resolution also increases without bound, so as to become both continuous and not necessarily periodic.

## Visualization

The Fourier operator defines a continuous two-dimensional function that extends along time and frequency axes, outwards to infinity in all four directions. This is analogous to the DFT matrix but, in this case, is continuous and infinite in extent. The value of the function at any point is such that it has the same magnitude everywhere. Along any fixed value of time, the value of the function varies as a complex exponential in frequency. Likewise along any fixed value of frequency the value of the function varies as a complex exponential in time. A portion of the infinite Fourier operator is shown in the illustration below.
Any slice parallel to either of the axes, through the Fourier operator, is a complex exponential, i.e. the real part is a cosine wave and the imaginary part is a sine wave of the same frequency as the real part.
Diagonal slices through the Fourier operator give rise to chirps. Thus rotation of the Fourier operator gives rise to the fractional Fourier transform, which is related to the chirplet transform.
# Francesco Burani

Francesco Burani was an Italian designer and engraver of the Baroque period. He was born at Reggio Emilia. He made an etching of Bacchus sitting with three Satyrs executed in the style of Jusepe Ribera.
# Francesco Ratti

Francesco Ratti (19 September 1819, Milan – 17 December 1895, Bologna) was an Italian engraver.

## Biography

He studied painting, then engraving under Luigi Sacchi. In the studio of Sacchi he completed illustrations for a publication of I Promessi Sposi of Alessandro Manzoni. Later with his colleagues in Milan, he founded a school of engraving attended by Giuseppe Balbiani, G. Gallieni, and Giuseppe Centenari. In 1845, he won a silver medal for work displayed at the Brera Academy. In 1847 he moved to Turin to work under the Pomba publishing house. In 1848, due to political tumult, il Mondo illustrato ceased printing; Ratti moved to Genoa, then Milan, then again to Turin, where il Mondo illustrato, was reissued. Mamiani, minister of public education, named Ratti to the position of directing a newly founded school of wood-engraving at the Academy of Fine Arts of Bologna.
He was prolific as an engraver for journals and books, for example, depicting illustrations of the tragedies of Schiller, translated by Andrea Maffei and published by Pirola. He published the anatomical plates for a publication by Sappey. He also engraved chemistry texts including All'assiduità degli studi chimici.
# Francesco Maria De Regi

Francesco Maria De Regi (Milan, 1720 – 1794) was an Italian mathematician.
He was a Barnabite priest. He worked particularly on hydraulic engineering. At twenty-four he took the chair of mathematics, specially created for him, in the school of the Collegio of Sant'Alessandro in Milan.

## Works

* Theoremata (in Latin). Milan: Società Palatina. 1757.
* Uso della tavola parabolica nella misura delle acque correnti destinate all'innaffiamento delle terre (in Italian). Milan: Giuseppe Richino Malatesta. 1764.
# Francesco Sozzi

Francesco Sozzi (26 October 1732 – 1795) was an Italian painter, active in style characteristic of the Rococo period in Palermo. He is distinguished from other fellow painters for his graceful, delicate, and elegant style.
He was the son of Olivio Sozzi and the brother-in-law of Vito D'Anna.
His main works are The Four Seasons, a cycle of four frescoes at Palazzo Isnello, and the Allegory of Wisdom, a fresco in the Library of the Palazzo Alliata of Pietratagliata. Other works are at various churches and houses in Palermo, Catania and Agrigento. Some of his drawings are preserved by the Gallery of Palazzo Abatellis.
# Francis Mostyn (archbishop of Cardiff)

Francis Edward Mostyn (6 August 1860 – 25 October 1939) was a Welsh Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Cardiff from 1921 until his death in 1939.

## Biography

Francis Edward Joseph Mostyn was born in Talacre, Flintshire, Wales, the fourth son of Sir Pyers Mostyn, 8th Baronet (1811–1882; see Mostyn Baronets) and Frances Georgina (née Fraser; died 1899), a daughter of the 12th Lord Lovat. He was ordained to the priesthood on 14 September 1884. On 4 July 1895, he was appointed the first Vicar Apostolic of Wales and Titular Bishop of Ascalon by Pope Leo XIII.
Mostyn received his episcopal consecration on the following 14 September 1895 (the ninth anniversary of his priestly ordination) from Cardinal Herbert Vaughan, with Bishops John Carroll and John Hedley, OSB, serving as co-consecrators. He was later named Bishop of Menevia upon his vicariate's elevation to a diocese on 14 May 1898. On 7 March 1921, Mostyn was appointed Archbishop of Cardiff by Pope Benedict XV, leading the only archdiocese in Wales.

## Death

Archbishop Mostyn died in office in October 1939, aged 79, having served as archbishop for eighteen years.
# Francesco Spiera

Francesco Spiera (1502 – December 27, 1548) was a Protestant Italian jurist. The manner of his death has been the subject of numerous religious tracts.

## Life

He was born at Cittadella, 20 km (12 mi) north of Padua, then part of the Republic of Venice. Protestants of the early modern period used his case as an example of the dreadful consequences of the sin against the Holy Ghost: he discerned evangelical truth, but denied and abjured it for external reasons.
Spiera had a respected position in his native town and a fine house, in which ten children grew up. Besides the Scriptures, there fell into his hands various evangelical writings, such as The Benefit of Christ's Death, Doctrine Old and New, and Summary of Sacred Scripture, which instilled in him doubts about Roman Catholic teachings, such as those on purgatory and veneration of the saints.
With others he was arraigned before the Inquisition at Venice; his trial was held between May 24 and June 20, 1548. On the latter day, in St. Mark's Basilica, Spiera made solemn abjuration of his "errors", and subscribed the abjuration, which he then repeated on the following Sunday in Cittadella, after mass in the cathedral. On returning home, so he related it himself, "the Spirit", or the voice of his conscience, began to reproach him for having denied the truth. Over time, he felt more and more hopeless, which feeling so affected him physically that he was taken to Padua to be treated by physicians. The treatment was in vain, and the conflict, which Pier Paolo Vergerio and others witnessed, ended in his death, shortly after his return to his home.
That Spiera intentionally injured himself is later invention.
# Francis Knight

Francis Knight is the name of:
* the author of A Relation of Seven Yeares Slaverie Under the Turkes of Argeire, suffered by an English Captive Merchant, published in 1640 - see 1640s in piracy
* a High Sheriff of Bristol in 1579
* Francis Knight (surgeon) (died 1832), British surgeon and Army medical administrator
# Frances O'Brien

Frances "Attie" O'Brien (24 June 1840 – 5 April 1883) was an Irish poet and novelist.

## Life

Frances Marcella O'Brien was born at Peafield near Ennis, County Clare, on 24 June 1840. Her parents were William O'Brien, a farmer, and his wife Marcella (née Burke-Browne) of Newgrove, County Clare. She was the second youngest child of three sons and two daughters. Marcella O'Brien died at age 30, when her children were still young, and William married again to a Miss Taylor of Mulpit, County Galway. Due to financial hardship, the O'Brien family emigrated to New York City in 1849. Due to O'Brien's asthma she was unable to join them, and remained in Ireland with her mother's family at Newgrove. As she was in poor health, she didn't receive a formal education. She was widely read and got direction from her aunt and the parish priest. She became friends with Timothy Daniel Sullivan and the editor of the Irish Monthly, Fr Matthew Russell. It was in the Irish Monthly that O'Brien published poetry and fiction, firstly under "A. O'B." and then under her nickname "Attie O'Brien". One of the first poems of note by O'Brien was published in 1877, Probatica. In 1878 she published 6 more poems.
O'Brien's journals reveal she was self-deprecating about her writing, and that she mainly wrote to stave off boredom and to earn money. She had four novels serialised in the Irish Monthly and the Weekly Freeman, which went on to be published as books, three of them after her death. Two are romantic comedies drawing on Catholic Victorian society in Ireland: The monk's prophecy (1882) and The Carradassan family (1897). The second two are about her growing nationalist sympathies and her anger at British colonial cultural and political oppression through themes of agrarian violence: Won by worth (1891) and Through the dark night (1897). O'Brien was also published in Tinsleys' Magazine, The Nation, and Young Ireland. She herself thought her lack of success in the British market was due to a reluctance of editors to publish content for a Catholic audience, and that Irish publishers did not like her addressing of contemporary issues that were relevant to younger readers.
Owing to her poor health, O'Brien was discouraged from marrying, although she was engaged at one point. She was a devoted Catholic, and spent a lot of her time engaged in charitable works particularly with those housed in the local workhouse. During a month-long visit to Dublin she suffered a severe bout of asthma, dying there on 5 April 1883. She was buried at the Old church in Kildysart, County Clare, a village she had lived most of her adult life. Her grave is marked by a celtic cross in white marble. Mrs M. J. O'Connell wrote a sentimental and selective account of her life: Glimpses of a hidden life: memories of Attie O'Brien (1887). She was a distant relatives of another writer Charlotte Grace O'Brien.
# Francis Thomas-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Earl of Kerry

Francis Thomas-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Earl of Kerry (9 September 1740 – 4 July 1818) was an Irish peer. He was the heir to a great inheritance, but his extravagance led to the loss of all his Irish estates.
He was the only son of William Fitzmaurice, 2nd Earl of Kerry, and Lady Gertrude Lambart, daughter of Richard Lambart, 4th Earl of Cavan and Margaret Trant. His father died when he was only seven and he became a Ward in Chancery. He was educated at Trinity College Dublin where he took his degree of Bachelor in Arts in 1758 and Master in Arts in 1759.
In 1768 he married Anastasia Daly, younger daughter and co-heiress of Peter Daly of Queensbury, County Galway. She obtained a divorce by Act of Parliament from her first husband (who was also her cousin), Charles Daly of Loughrea, in order to marry Lord Kerry. The Kerry marriage caused much comment, most of it adverse: apart from the decision to divorce her previous husband, a step which was still felt by many in polite society to be scandalous, Anastasia was much older than her husband, socially she was not his equal, and she was a Roman Catholic. Like her husband she was extravagant, and she was blamed by his family for her husband's disastrous financial losses. Nonetheless, the inscription which he had placed on her tomb in Westminster Abbey makes it clear that he never regretted marrying her: it states that for 31 years she made him the happiest of mankind, due to her "charity, benevolence, truth, sincerity, meekness and simplicity".
Others who knew the couple took a more jaundiced view: Horace Walpole called Lord Kerry "a simple young Irish peer that has married an elderly Irishwoman, who was divorced on his account, and wasted a vast estate on the idlest ostentation". The Earl's cousin, whose son was his heir, William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne wrote uncharitably that "he fell in love with a married lady twenty years older than himself, the daughter of an eminent Roman Catholic lawyer, and she having obtained a divorce, married her; [she was] an extraordinarily vain person. Having their way to fight up into good society, and having no children, they sold every acre of land that had been in our family since Henry II's time".
Lady Kerry died on 9 April 1799. Her husband died in 1818 and was buried in the same tomb in Westminster Abbey. He had no children and the title became an additional title of the Marquess of Lansdowne, descendants of his uncle John Petty, 1st Earl of Shelburne.
# Frank Nicholson (cricketer)

Frank "Nipper" Nicholson (17 September 1909 – 30 July 1982) was a South African cricketer who played in four Test matches in 1935–36.
Nicholson was a right-hand batsman and wicket-keeper who was a mainstay of the often-weak Griqualand West cricket team for 20 years from 1927, sometimes acting as captain and often opening the batting. It was as an opener that he scored his first century, an innings of 131 against Western Province in the 1929–30 season; with a double century from Ken Viljoen and 101 from Xen Balaskas, Griqualand West totalled 603, which remains the team's highest first-class total. He improved on that innings with a score of 148 in 1933–34 against Orange Free State. Then a year later against the same opposition, he was opening batsman, wicketkeeper and captain and he scored 185, which remained his highest first-class score. He was not, however, selected for any representative sides and was not picked for the 1935 tour of England.
In the South African season of 1935–36, though, Nicholson was drafted into the South African Test team for the series against Australia after the shock death of Jock Cameron, who had been such a success on the tour to England and the decision by Robert Williams, Cameron's deputy on the England tour, to remain in the UK. In a one-sided series which Australia won 4–0, with one match drawn, Nicholson took only three catches in the first four matches, and, after making 0 in both innings of the fourth Test, was dropped for the fifth match in favour of Edward van der Merwe. He batted low in the order and made just 76 runs in eight innings, one of them not out.
Nicholson returned to Griqualand West and played regularly for a further two seasons, and then irregularly through to 1946–47.
# Frank Jardine

Frank Jardine may refer to:
* Frank Jardine (ice hockey) (1924–1999), British ice hockey player
* Francis Lascelles Jardine (1841–1919), Australian pioneer
# Francisco Javier Cornejo

Don Francisco Javier Cornejo López-Cotilla (March 4, 1669 in Ruesga, Cantabria – March 27, 1750 in Madrid), also known as Don Francisco Javier Cornejo Vallejo, was a Spanish military commander of the Spanish navy. He participated in the successful Spanish expedition to Oran (1732).
# Frank Wearne

Frank Bardwell Wearne (May 27, 1913 – February 21, 1985) was an American racing driver.

## Biography

Wearne grew up in Altadena, California and began his racing career in roadsters on the Jeffries Ranch track in Burbank. He moved on to race at the Culver City Legion Speedway dirt track and Legion Ascot Speedway. After Ascot closed, Wearne raced successfully in the Pacific Northwest, then headed to the Midwest. An Indianapolis 500 specialist, he participated in the race 7 times, with a best finish of 7th in 1940. He only made two Championship Car starts in races other than the Indianapolis 500. After retiring from racing, he worked at a brewery for 20 years

## Motorsports career results
### Indianapolis 500 results

| Year | Car | Start | Qual | Rank | Finish | Laps | Led | Retired |
| 1937 | 44 | 33 | 118.220 | 22 | 24 | 99 | 0 | Carburetor |
| 1938 | 29 | 17 | 121.405 | 11 | 10 | 181 | 0 | Flagged |
| 1939 | 14 | 17 | 125.074 | 11 | 9 | 200 | 0 | Running |
| 1940 | 9 | 7 | 123.216 | 12 | 7 | 195 | 0 | Flagged |
| 1941 | 7 | 6 | 123.890 | 12 | 8 | 200 | 0 | Running |
| 1946 | 7 | 29 | 121.233 | 19 | 8 | 197 | 0 | Flagged |
| 1947 | 31 | 15 | 117.716 | 26 | 14 | 128 | 0 | Spun T3 |
| Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | 1200 | 0 | |
| Starts | 7 |
| Poles | 0 |
| Front Row | 0 |
| Wins | 0 |
| Top 5 | 0 |
| Top 10 | 5 |
| Retired | 2 |
# Frank Webster (politician)

Francis Raymond Webster is a retired Australian politician who represented the South Australian House of Assembly seat of Norwood from 1979 to 1980 for the Liberal Party.
His win at the 1979 state election was overturned by the Court of Disputed Returns, which found that a Liberal Party advertisement in an Italian language newspaper, describing Webster as "your representative" ("il vostro deputato"), gave the false impression that Webster was the sitting member. Webster lost the subsequent by-election.
# Francisco Lucas Pires

Francisco António Lucas Pires (19 October 1944 – 22 May 1998) was a Portuguese professor, lawyer, and politician.

## Biography

Pires was married to Maria Teresa Bahia de Almeida Garrett, and was the father of four children.
He graduated from law school at the University of Coimbra in 1966 and then began complementary course on political science and economics, which he completed in 1968. He completed his PhD in legal and political science in 1989 before starting an academic career as a professor at the Faculty of Law of Coimbra.

## Politics

Pires joined the CDS in 1974 and became a deputy to the Assembly of the Republic. He served as the Minister of Culture and Scientific Coordination in the VIII Constitutional Government. He was a member of the Council of State from 1983 to 1985.
Between February 1983 and October 1985 Pires led Partido Popular, having left the presidency due to the poor results in the parliamentary elections in October 1985. Pires was elected to the European Parliament in 1987. In the following elections to the European Parliament, Pires joined the ranks of the CDS. He was the first Portuguese Vice-President of the European Parliament from 1987 to 1988 (and again in 1998), and was the first vice president of the European Christian Democratic Foundation for Cooperation. Pires formally joined the PSD in 1997.

## Selected works

| Title | Date |
| The Problem of the Constitution | 1970 |
| Sovereignty and Autonomy | 1974 |
| A Constitution for Portugal | 1975 |
| In the European Time | 1986 |
| Constitution Theory 1976: the Dualistic Transition | 1988 |
| Treaties establishing the Community and the European Union | 1994 |
| The New Rights of Portuguese | 1994 |
| What is Europe | 1994 |
| Portugal and the Future of the European Union | 1995 |
| Regionalisation and Europe | 1996 |
| Schengen and the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries | 1997 |
| Introduction to the European Constitutional Law | 1997 |

## Death

Pires died of a heart attack on 22 May 1998 while traveling from Lisbon to Coimbra.
# František Chvalkovský

František Chvalkovský (30 July 1885, Jílové u Prahy – 25 February 1945) was a Czech diplomat and the fourth foreign minister of Czechoslovakia.

## Activities during the First Republic

In the newly-independent Czechoslovakia, Chvalkovský first became a secretary of Interior Minister Antonín Švehla. In 1920, he joined the diplomatic service and participated in the negotiations of the Treaty of Trianon. He later served as ambassador to Japan, the United States, Germany and Italy.

## After Munich Agreement

The Munich Agreement ended the First Republic of Czechoslovakia. Its previous pro-democratic and anti-totalitarian policies gave way to calls for authoritarian government and closer cooperation with Nazi Germany (more information:Second Czechoslovak Republic). The political elite, connected with former Czechoslovak President Edvard Beneš, had to leave office and Chvalkovský became foreign minister. He tried to maintain the independence of the rump state by making concessions to neighbours in the hope of gaining time for a more favorable outcome in the future. He grossly underestimated Hitler's desire to occupy Central Europe and the hunger for revenge from Poland and Hungary, who had been forced to make painful territorial concessions to Czechoslovakia after World War I. He represented Czechoslovakia during the Vienna Arbitration. Insufficient preparation forced Czechoslovakia to concede significant parts of Slovakia to Hungary. When Slovakia declared independence on 14 March 1939, Chvalkovský travelled with Czechoslovak President Emil Hácha to Berlin in the hope that further concessions would preserve the independence of Czech lands.

## Under Nazi rule

With the establishment of the Protectorate, there was no official place for the Czech diplomatic service. In its last ruling, under German pressure, the Foreign Ministry ordered all Czechoslovak ambassadors to close their embassies and to transfer them to the Germans. Patriotic clerks hoped that the ambassadors, free from direct Nazi pressure, would disobey the order and keep the embassies for the future benefit of the government-in-exile. As a last resort, if the host government was hostile to them, they should transfer their embassy to the it, rather than Germany.
However, many ambassadors did not read between the lines and obeyed the order literally, as they were used to doing, which caused significant damage to Czechoslovak interests. Given the sequence of events shaped by Chvalkovský, many countries, such as France, a signatory of the Munich Agreement, initially considered the fall of Czechoslovakia to be a result of internal forces, rather than German aggression. Chvalkovský thus caused considerable damage to Czechoslovakia during that critical period.
After the Foreign Ministry was closed in 1939, Chvalkovský became an envoy of the Protectorate in Germany. He was killed on a highway outside Berlin during an Allied Air raid, strafed by a low-flying aircraft. The German High Command reported British strafing attacks near Berlin that day.
# Frank Olmstead

Frank Olmstead (March 3, 1923 – January 28, 2004) was an American politician and accountant who served as the 18th Auditor of New Mexico from 1971 to 1974.

## Early life and education

Olmstead was born in Cimarron, New Mexico, and attended Maxwell High School in Maxwell, New Mexico. Olmstead served in the United States Army Air Corps and United States Army during World War II, where he was stationed in England and Germany and fought in the Battle of the Bulge.

## Career

After his discharge from the Army, Olmstead graduated from New Mexico Highlands University. He later became a Certified Public Accountant in Las Vegas, New Mexico, before serving as the town's mayor from 1962 to 1966. Olmstead then relocated to Albuquerque, New Mexico, with his family, where he continued to work as a CPA. Olmstead served as the 18th Auditor of New Mexico from 1971 to 1974. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

## Personal life

Olmstead and his wife, Audrey Kern, had four children. After suffering from thyroid cancer, Olmstead died on January 28, 2004, in Walsenburg, Colorado.
# USLP

USLP may refer to:
* U.S. Labor Party (founded 1972)
* Labor Party (United States, 1996) (founded 1996)
* United States Libertarian Party
* Liberty Party (1840s)
* Liberty Party (1930s)
# Kenneth Woodward

Kenneth or Ken Woodward may refer to:
* Kenneth Woodward (cricketer), English cricketer
* Kenneth L. Woodward, American Roman Catholic writer
* Ken Woodward (health and safety), awarded an OBE for work in health and safety
* Ken Woodward (footballer), English footballer