OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dhulikoppa

Dhulikoppa is a village in Dharwad district of Karnataka, India.

## Demographics

As of the 2011 Census of India there were 164 households in Dhulikoppa and a total population of 787 consisting of 425 males and 362 females. There were 96 children ages 0-6.
# Dick Himes

Richard Dean Himes (born May 25, 1946), a.k.a. "Ox" Himes, is an American former professional football offensive lineman who played his entire career for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). Himes was born in Canton, Ohio, where he attended Canton South High School. At Canton South, Himes was named Associated Press lineman of the year during his senior year. Before that, he was named an all-state selection twice at the offensive end position. After high school, he attended Ohio State University, where he started for three years along the offensive and defensive lines. He was named All-Big Ten twice, at two different positions.
Himes was selected in the third round of the 1968 NFL draft by the Green Bay Packers and ended up playing for the team from 1968 to 1977. He played a total of 135 games during his 10 seasons, starting 104 of those games. He became a starter in 1970 and was a mainstay at the right tackle position until he was replaced by Greg Koch in 1977. The Packers tried to trade Himes but with no other teams expressing interest, he was ultimately released. Packers' historian Cliff Christl noted that Himes lacked proper recognition for his accomplishments because he played for bad Packers team under poor leadership. Himes, according to Christl, had "good feet" and was a "good athlete" that "had the versatility to be comparably efficient as a drive blocker and a pass protector".
# Dick Wesson (announcer)

Richard Wesson (February 20, 1919 – January 27, 1979) was an American movie and television announcer. He is best known as the announcer for The Wonderful World of Disney from 1954–1979, and many Quinn Martin series.

## Personal life

Wesson was born in Boise, Idaho on February 20, 1919. He had three marriages, with three children by two of his wives. He committed suicide on January 27, 1979, aged 59.

## Career

Wesson started in radio and worked as an announcer on early television shows, among them Space Patrol. On the live television special covering the opening of Disneyland, Wesson appeared as the captain of the Rocket to the Moon ride and was interviewed by Art Linkletter and Danny Thomas. He occasionally did some acting, including appearances in the Golden Horseshoe Revue show at Disneyland.
Wesson did the narration for many movie trailers, Disney and non-Disney as well as the opening announcements for such television series as Hawaiian Eye, The Fugitive, and The Invaders.
# Dhrubajyoti Ghosh

Dhrubajyoti Ghosh (1947 – 16 February 2018) was a UN Global 500 laureate, special advisor on agricultural ecosystems, part of the Commission on Ecosystem Management, and regional chair for South Asia of the IUCN. He is most credited for devoting his life for the survival of the East Kolkata Wetlands, naming it, and creating the world's only fully functioning organic sewage management system.

## Early life

He attended the University of Calcutta in West Bengal, India, and was the first engineer of the university to graduate with a PhD in ecology. He went on to become a sanitation engineer for the West Bengal government, which brought the issues of the Kolkata Wetlands to his sites.

## Work

Advocating nature-based solutions, Ghosh's work in the East Kolkata Wetlands showed it could be used for free-of-charge sewage work, fertile aquatic gardens and fisheries, and flood defences with minimal harm to the environment.
Using his position in Ramsar, he secured the protection of the wetlands under the Ramsar Convention. This land soon became the world's only fully functional organic sewage management system, treating 750 million litres/day, using solar UV radiation to purify canals leading into the wetlands. The wetlands are now under threat by developers, which Ghosh constantly resisted during his life. His main complaint on the upkeep of this project is that there is no large scale management or municipal ownership of the system to keep quality control, and there is currently no plans to change that.
His work included being chief of the Department of Environment of the Government of West Bengal, member of the board of trustees of the India World Wide Fund for Nature, fellow of the National Institute of Sciences within the Government of India, member of the management board of the Ramsar Convention, and a member of the National Wetland Committee.
He died in Kolkata on February 16, 2018.

## Other accomplishments

* 2005 - Published the book Ecology and Traditional Wetland Practice: Lessons from Wastewater Utilisation in the East Calcutta Wetlands. In it he coined the term "cognitive apartheid", meaning the systematic exclusion of the knowledge of the poor by the elite. ISBN 9788190128155
* August 2016 - First Indian to earn the Luc Hoffmann Award, credited for his work on East Kolkata Wetland.
* 2017 - Published the book The Trash Diggers, exploring the lives of individuals living in a dump site on the fringes of eastern Kolkata. ISBN 9780199474141
* Recognized as an Ashoka Fellow.
# Diadenosine hexaphosphate hydrolase (ATP-forming)

Diadenosine hexaphosphate hydrolase (ATP-forming) (EC 3.6.1.61, Ndx1) is an enzyme with systematic name P1,P6-bis(5'-adenosyl)hexaphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (ATP-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
    (1) P1,P6-bis(5'-adenosyl)hexaphosphate + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ 2 ATP
    (2) P1,P5-bis(5'-adenosyl)pentaphosphate + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ ATP + ADP
    (3) P1,P4-bis(5'-adenosyl)tetraphosphate + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ ATP + AMP
The enzyme requires the presence of the divalent cations (Mn$^{2+}$, Mg$^{2+}$, Zn$^{2+}$, and Co$^{2+}$).
# Diane Paul

Diane B. Paul (born February 4, 1946) is an American historian of science who is Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the College of Liberal Arts at the University of Massachusetts Boston. She taught in the University of Massachusetts Boston's Department of Political Science for 33 years prior to her retirement in 2003. Among the positions she held at this university was Director of the Program in Science, Technology, and Society. Since then, she has taught at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and the University of California, Los Angeles. She also served as a visiting scholar at the University of Texas Medical Branch's Health Institute for the Medical Humanities from January to March 2018. An expert in the history of evolutionary biology and genetics, she is the former editor of the American Philosophical Society's Mendel Newsletter.
# Diesel (donkey)

Diesel (born c. 2016) is a donkey who went missing in the Cache Creek Wilderness in 2019. Born in the wild in Nevada, he was captured during a Bureau of Land Management roundup. He was then adopted by Terrie and Dave Drewry and lived on their ranch in California. During a hiking trip in 2019, he became spooked and ran off, disappearing into the wilderness. A weeks-long search for the donkey involving drones was unsuccessful.
Diesel was rediscovered living with a herd of wild elk in 2023. He was captured on video with the herd twice and a local warden suspected that the donkey was responsible for killing a mountain lion that showed evidence of being killed by a hoofed animal.

## Life

Diesel was born in the wild around 2016. He was captured in a remote region of Nevada during a roundup by the Bureau of Land Management. Terrie and Dave Drewry adopted Diesel from the agency in 2018 and took him to their ranch near Auburn, California. He lived on the ranch alongside chickens, sheep, llamas, and a miniature donkey named Jack. Diesel would respond to his name and enjoyed treats, including carrots, apples, unsalted peanuts, and horse cookies. Terrie Drewry indicated that Diesel was not aggressive, saying "he's a lover".
On April 20, 2019, Diesel accompanied Dave Drewry and a black llama on a weekend trail packing excursion in the Cache Creek Wilderness near the Judge Davis Trail by Wilson Flat. During their hike, something spooked Diesel and he bolted, dragging Drewry through the brush. Diesel's blue saddlebags were still attached when he ran off. Terrie speculated that a mountain lion spooked him. A weeks-long search for the donkey was conducted by the Drewrys and volunteers with SWARM Search and Rescue. Aerial drones and horses were deployed in the search, but they were unable to locate the donkey. On May 9, Diesel was seen in an image from a trail camera near the Judge Davis Trailhead. Hoofprints were also discovered that were believed to have belonged to Diesel.
Following Diesel's disappearance, there were no sightings of him for four years. He resurfaced in 2023 when Mikki Rhodes took a video of a donkey traveling with an elk herd. Another video, taken by triathlete Max Fennell in March or April of 2024, depicted the donkey as a member of an elk herd that included at least a dozen individuals. The video, taken a few miles from where Diesel had disappeared, circulated on social media sites and received widespread media coverage. A dead mountain lion that appeared to have been killed by a hoofed animal led a warden in the area to suspect that it had been killed by Diesel. Additionally, Fennell said that the donkey "might be the leader because as Diesel would move, the other [sic] elk would move". After seeing the video, Terrie Drewry positively identified the donkey as Diesel. She said "Finally, we know he's good. He's living his best life. He's happy. He's healthy, and it was just a relief." There are no plans to recapture Diesel who Drewry said has "earned his freedom".
Donkeys, which are considered an invasive species in California, may live up to 25 years in the wild.
# Dig Out the Switch

Dig Out the Switch is the debut album of Dazzling Killmen, released in 1992 through Intellectual Convulsion.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Dazzling Killmen

## Personnel
### Dazzling Killmen

* Blake Fleming – drums
* Darin Gray – bass guitar
* Nick Sakes – guitar, vocals

### Production and additional personnel

* Steve Albini – recording
* Jeff Tweedy – production
* Miles Rutlin – painting
# Dikili, Hınıs

Dikili is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Hınıs, Erzurum Province in Turkey. Its population is 79 (2022).
# Digital back-propagation

Digital back-propagation (DBP) is a technique for compensating all fiber impairments in optical transmission systems. DBP is a sort of non-linearity compensation (NLC). DBP uses the back-propagation algorithm in the digital domain by solving the inverse nonlinear Schrödinger equation of the fiber link using the split-step Fourier method (SSFM) to calculate the transmitted signal from the received signal.
In principle, digital back-propagation is capable of fully reversing the effects of nonlinear propagation in optical fibers, yet in practice it is limited by the stochastic nature of some impairments, like amplified spontaneous emission and polarization mode dispersion.
# Diebé

Diebé is a small town and commune in the Cercle of Dioila in the Koulikoro Region of southern Mali. As of 1998 the commune had a population of 5958.
# Dikoleps cutleriana

Dikoleps cutleriana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Skeneidae.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 0.4 mm and 1.2 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in European waters in the North Sea and off Northern Spain and Portugal; and in the Mediterranean Sea.
# Dikson

Dikson may refer to
* Dikson Island, a Russian island in the Kara Sea
* Dikson (urban-type settlement), a port urban-type settlement in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia
* Dikson Airport, airport in the urban-type settlement of Dikson
* Dikson (icebreaker), a Russian icebreaker
# Diksmuide (Chamber of Representatives constituency)

Diksmuide was a constituency used to elect a single member of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives between 1831 and 1900.

## Representatives

| Election | Representative (Party) | Representative (Party) |
| 1831 | | Pierre Morel-Danheel (Catholic) |
| 1833 | | Pierre Morel-Danheel (Catholic) |
| 1837 | | Pierre Morel-Danheel (Catholic) |
| 1841 | | Pierre Morel-Danheel (Catholic) |
| 1845 | | Pierre De Breyne (Liberal) |
| 1848 | | Pierre De Breyne (Liberal) |
| 1852 | | Pierre De Breyne (Liberal) |
| 1856 | | Pierre De Breyne (Liberal) |
| 1857 | | Pierre De Breyne (Liberal) |
| 1861 | | Charles de Coninck de Merckem (Catholic) |
| 1864 | | Charles de Coninck de Merckem (Catholic) |
| 1868 | | Gustave De Breyne (Liberal) |
| 1870 | | Théophile de Lantsheere (Catholic) |
| 1874 | | Théophile de Lantsheere (Catholic) |
| 1878 | | Théophile de Lantsheere (Catholic) |
| 1882 | | Théophile de Lantsheere (Catholic) |
| 1886 | | Théophile de Lantsheere (Catholic) |
| 1890 | | Théophile de Lantsheere (Catholic) |
| 1892 | | Théophile de Lantsheere (Catholic) |
| 1894 | | Théophile de Lantsheere (Catholic) |
| 1898 | | Théophile de Lantsheere (Catholic) |
| 1900 | Merged into Veurne-Diksmuide-Ostend | Merged into Veurne-Diksmuide-Ostend |
# Diksoochi

Diksoochi (transl. Guide) is a 2019 Indian Telugu-language mythological mystery thriller film directed by Dilip Kumar Salvadi starring himself, Chatrapathi Sekhar, Chandni Bhagwanani, and Sameti Gandhi.
The film is about two mistakes: Ravana kidnapping Sita in Treta Yuga and Draupadi during the Dvapara Yuga. The film was released to mixed reviews.

## Cast

* Dilip Kumar Salvadi as Dileep
* Chatrapathi Sekhar
* Chandini Bhagwanani
* Sameti Gandhi
* Bithiri Sathi

## Soundtrack

The audio release function was held with Bithiri Sathi as the host.

## Reception

A critic from The Hans India rated the film 2+3⁄4 out of 5 and wrote that "Dileep Kumar played multiple roles for the film, as an actor, as a director, and as an editor. He played his part very well in the movie. As a story-teller, he is brilliant and at the same time, as an actor, he is good. He scored good marks in the debut".
# Dirty Money (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Dirty Money is the fourth studio album by American hip hop duo UGK. It was released on November 13, 2001, by Jive Records. The album came after a five-year hiatus, however, the duo had been planning on releasing this album since 1998, and ads for it appeared in some of the late 1998's Jive albums.

## Track listing

* Credits adapted from liner notes.

### Sample credits

* "Let Me See It" contains a sample from "Here We Go (Live at the Funhouse)" performed by Run-DMC.
* "Choppin' Blades" contains samples from "P.S.K. - What Does It Mean?" performed by Schoolly D, and "Captain Save a Hoe" performed by E-40.
* "Ain't That a Bitch (Ask Yourself)" contains a sample from "Chains and Things" performed by B.B. King.
* "Like a Pimp" contains a sample from "Don't Look Any Further" performed by Dennis Edwards.
* "Take It Off" contains a sample from "Love Serenade" performed by Barry White.
* "Wood Wheel" contain a sample from "Love Comes in All Colors" performed by The Staple Singers.
* "Money, Hoes & Power" contains a sample from "Midnight and You" performed by Love Unlimited Orchestra.
# Diomede Carafa (died 1487)

Diomede Carafa (c. 1407 – 17 May 1487) was a Neapolitan nobleman, soldier, diplomat and political theorist of the Carafa family.

## Life

Carafa was born in either 1406 or 1408, the youngest son of Antonio Malizia Carafa and Caterina Farafalla. Like his father, he was a staunch supporter of the House of Aragon. When Queen Joan II broke with her named heir, King Alfonso V of Aragon, Carafa followed Alfonso back to Spain. Nothing is known of what he did there, but he returned with Alfonso in 1442, when the latter conquered the kingdom. In February 1465, he was given a fief at Maddaloni with the title of count. The manuscript Reg. lat. 812 in the Vatican Library, containing Frontinus' Stratagems, was copied for Carafa by Pietro Ippolito da Luni.
Carafa died on 17 May 1487 and was buried in the Chapel of the Crucifix in San Domenico Maggiore. His tomb was the work of renowned sculptors Jacopo della Pila [it], Tommaso Malvito and Domenico Gagini.

## Works

Carafa wrote thirteen Memoriali in vernacular Neapolitan, some of which are lost and only one of which was published in his lifetime. They offer advice on finances, military matters and etiquette directed at members of the royal family and court. The surviving memoriali are:
* Memoriale ad Alfonso d'Aragona duca di Calabria (1467), military advice to Alfonso, Duke of Calabria.
* Memoriale in nome di Ferdinando primo re di Napoli ad Arrigo di Siviglia e di Toledo (1470), written in the name of Ferdinand I of Naples to Henry IV of Castile
* Memoriale alla serenissima regina de Ungheria (1476), practical advice for Ferdinand's daughter Beatrice on the occasion of her marriage to King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary
* Memoriale a Francesco d'Aragona (1476), written for Beatrice's brother, Francesco [it]
* Memoriale (1478), written for Beatrice's other brother, Cardinal Giovanni d'Aragona, on the occasion of his Hungarian legation
* Memoriale per il capitano prudente (1479), more advice for the duke of Calabria following the Pazzi conspiracy
* Memoriale a Federico d'Aragona (1479), written for Alfonso's brother Frederick on the occasion of his move to France to marry Anne of Savoy
* Memoriale et recordo de quello have da fare la mulglyere per stare ad bene con suo marito et in che modo se have ab onestare, written at an unknown date for an unknown woman on the proper habits of a new wife for a happy marriage
The military Memoriali to Alfonso and Francesco were published by F. Campanile at Naples in 1608 under the title Gli ammaestramenti militari del signor Diomede Carafa. The Memoriale to Beatrice was translated into Latin by Colantonio Lentulo. A deluxe manuscript of the Latin version was copied by Giovan Marco Cinico [it] and illustrated by Cola Rapicano.
Between 1472 and 1476, Carafa wrote a I doveri del principe, a treatise dedicated to Eleanor, Duchess of Ferrara. His last work, Libro delli precepti o vero instructione delli cortesani, was written in 1479 for his son, Giovanni Tommaso Carafa.
# Dimitrije Posniković

Dimitrije Posniković (Serbian Cyrillic: Димитрије Посниковић; 1814–1891) was a Serbian iconographer and painter from the 19th century. A student of Dimitrije Avramović, with whom he sometimes collaborated on commissions, Posniković mainly painted icons and frescoes for churches in Serbia.

## Biography

Dimitrije Posniković was born in 1814 in Vojvodina, at the time part of the Austrian Empire. At an early age he moved to Belgrade, Principality of Serbia, where he spent most of his artistic career;. There is no record of when and where he was educated. Therefore, his education has not yet been precisely determined. It is known that Posniković was not academically-trained and that he studied painting with Živko Petrović. After moving to Serbia, he collaborated with Dimitrije Avramović, of whom he was considered a disciple, on the creation of wall paintings in the Cathedral Church in Belgrade, which was of great importance for upgrading his visual opus and repeatedly gaining commissions from the Patriarchate in Belgrade. Independently and in collaboration with other acknowledged and leading painters of the 19th-century he painted numerous churches throughout the Principality of Serbia.
Posniković frequently visited the Atelier of Dimitrije Avramović with whom he shared much in common. Milivoje Milija Marković became his assistant on numerous painting assignments commissioned by the Serbian Orthodox Church.

## Works

* 1849: iconostasis in the church Saint-Michel de Beljina (listed monument);
* 1851: iconostasis of the wooden church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos of Donja Jablanica in Jablanica (monument of great importance);
* 1851: iconostasis (attributed) of the church of St. Mark in Užice (monument of special importance);
* 1854: frescoes for the Rača monastery church with assistant Milija Marković.
* 1856: frescoes for the church of St. Gabriel in Veliko Gradiste (architectural monument);
* 1870: iconostasis of the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in Sibnica (architectural monument);
* 1870: iconostasis of the Church of the Nativity of the Mother of God of the Kamenica Monastery (architectural monument);
* 1876: iconostasis and frescoes in the church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul of Kolari (architectural monument);
* 1877: 14 icons for the church of St. Jeremiah in Braničevo (architectural monument);
* 1880s: iconostasis and fresco for the Church of the Ascension in Žabari (architectural monument);
* 1886-1887: frescoes for the church of Saint-Nicolas in Irig (monument of great importance);
* The iconostasis of the church of St. Nicholas in Svilajnac (architectural monument);
* Frescoes of the church of Saint-Michael and Saint-Gabriel of the Klisura monastery (architectural monument)
* Murals for the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin in Velika Moštanica (architectural monument).
# Dipeptidyl peptidase

Dipeptidyl peptidase is a type of enzyme classified under EC 3.4.14.
Types include:
* Cathepsin C, dipeptidyl peptidase-1
* Dipeptidyl-peptidase II
* DPP3, dipeptidyl peptidase-3
* DPP4, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4
* DPP6, dipeptidyl peptidase-6
* DPP7, dipeptidyl peptidase-7
* DPP8, dipeptidyl peptidase-8
* DPP9, dipeptidyl peptidase-9
* DPP10, dipeptidyl peptidase-10
# Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp

Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp, also known as dissecting folliculitis, perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens of Hoffman, perifolliculitis abscedens et suffodiens, or folliculitis abscedens et suffodiens, is an inflammatory condition of the scalp that can lead to scarring alopecia, which begins with deep inflammatory nodules, primarily over occiput, that progresses to coalescing regions of boggy scalp. Boggy tissue has a high fluid level that results in a spongy feeling. Isotretinoin proves to be the medicine of choice for the treatment of the disease.$^{:649}$$^{:761}$
# Dispersion-shifted fiber

Dispersion-shifted fiber (DSF) is a type of optical fiber made to optimize both low dispersion and low attenuation.
Dispersion Shifted Fiber is a type of single-mode optical fiber with a core-clad index profile tailored to shift the zero-dispersion wavelength from the natural 1300 nm in silica-glass fibers to the minimum-loss window at 1550 nm. The group velocity or intramodal dispersion which dominates in single-mode fibers includes both material and waveguide dispersion. Waveguide dispersion can be made more negative by changing the index profile and thus be used to offset the fixed material dispersion, shifting or flattening the overall intramodal dispersion. This is advantageous because it allows a communication system to possess both low dispersion and low attenuation. However, when used in wavelength division multiplexing systems, dispersion-shifted fibers can suffer from four-wave mixing which causes intermodulation of the independent signals. As a result, nonzero dispersion shifted fiber is often used.
Dispersion-shifted fiber is specified in ITU-T G.653.
# Dispersion (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Dispersion is the second album by High Rise, released on December 25, 1992 through P.S.F. Records.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Asahito Nanjo; all music is composed by High Rise

## Personnel
### High Rise

* Asahito Nanjo – vocals, bass guitar
* Munehiro Narita – guitar, cover art
* Yuro Ujiie – drums

### Production and additional personnel

* High Rise – production
* Yuichi Jibiki – photography
* Kenji Nakazawa – engineering, mixing
* Takewo Yamamoto – engineering