OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# HMAS Adroit (P 82)

HMAS Adroit (P 82) was an Attack-class patrol boat of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN).

## Design and construction

The Attack class was ordered in 1964 to operate in Australian waters as patrol boats, based on lessons learned through using the Ton-class minesweepers on patrols around Borneo during the Indonesia-Malaysia Confrontation, and to replace a variety of old patrol, search-and-rescue, and general-purpose craft. Initially, nine were ordered for the RAN, with another five for Papua New Guinea's Australian-run coastal security force, although another six ships were ordered to bring the class to twenty vessels. The patrol boats had a displacement of 100 tons at standard load and 146 tons at full load, were 107.6 feet (32.8 m) in length overall, had a beam of 20 feet (6.1 m), and draughts of 6.4 feet (2.0 m) at standard load, and 7.3 feet (2.2 m) at full load. Their propulsion machinery consisted of two 16-cylinder Paxman YJCM diesel engines, which supplied 3,460 shaft horsepower (2,580 kW) to the two propellers. The vessels could achieve a top speed of 24 knots (44 km/h; 28 mph), and had a range of 1,200 nautical miles (2,200 km; 1,400 mi) at 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph). The ship's company consisted of three officers and sixteen sailors. The main armament was a bow-mounted Bofors 40 mm gun, which was supplemented by two .50-calibre M2 Browning machine guns and various small arms. The ships were designed with as many commercial components as possible: the Attacks were to operate in remote regions of Australia and New Guinea, and a town's hardware store would be more accessible than home base in a mechanical emergency.
Adroit was laid down by Evans Deakin and Company at Brisbane, Queensland, in August 1967, launched on 3 February 1968 and commissioned on 17 August 1968.

## Operational history

The patrol boat was transferred to the Fremantle Port Division of the Royal Australian Navy Reserve in March 1983.

## Fate

Adroit paid off on 28 March 1992. The patrol boat was sunk as a target by A-4 Skyhawk aircraft of No. 2 Squadron RNZAF on 8 August 1994. The wreck is located in the Rottnest ship graveyard, west of Rottnest Island.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Gillett, Australian and New Zealand Ships Since 1946, p. 86
* 1 2 3 4 5 Blackman (ed.), Jane's Fighting Ships, 1968–69, p. 18
* ↑ The Patrol Boat, Australian National Maritime Museum
* 1 2 3 Gillett, Australian and New Zealand Ships Since 1946, p. 87
* 1 2 Garratt, Dena; Green, Jeremy (2006) [1999]. Précis of the wrecks in the ship's graveyard, Rottnest (PDF). Report—Department of Maritime Archaeology (Report). Western Australian Museum. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
# Vegetal rotation

Vegetal rotation is a morphogenetic movement that drives mesoderm internalization during gastrulation in amphibian embryos. The internalization of vegetal cells prior to gastrulation was first observed in the 1930s by Abraham Mandel Schechtman through the use of vital dye labeling experiments in Triturus torosus embryos. More recently, Winklbauer and Schürfeld (1999) described the internal movements in more detail using pregastrular explants of Xenopus laevis.
Gastrulation in amphibians is initiated by formation of bottle cells at the dorsal marginal zone, followed by involution of prospective mesodermal cells. The mesoderm and endoderm then migrate animally along the blastocoel roof, driven in part by movement of the vegetal endoderm cells. In Xenopus embryos in which the blastocoel roof is removed prior to gastrulation, the movement of vegetal cells toward the blastocoel and their intercalation into the blastocoel floor causes the floor to spread, pushing the dorsal edge downward. In the context of the embryo, active vegetal rotation, together with epiboly of the animal cap ectodermal cells, appears to bring the vegetal mesendoderm into contact with the blastocoel roof. This movement results in formation of Brachet's cleft. As gastrulation continues, further spreading of the blastocoel floor by upward movement of vegetal cells contributes to the advancement of the mesendoderm along the blastocoel roof. This process is aided by crawling mesodermal cells at the leading edge of the mesendoderm. Much like bottle cell formation at the blastopore lip, vegetal rotation begins at the dorsal side of the embryo, and spreads laterally to the ventral side. These processes, however, occur independently. While vegetal rotation appears to be important prior to and in the early stages of gastrulation, by stages 10.5–11, vegetal rotation ceases and further involution appears to be driven primarily by cell rearrangements.
# Ferdinand Willeit

Ferdinand Willeit (14 September 1938 – 2 August 2018) was an Italian politician and lawyer.
Born on 14 September 1938 in Franzensfeste, Willeit was trained as a lawyer. He took a leadership role in the administration of several businesses. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies as a representative of South Tyrolean People's Party in 1987, serving until 1992. He died in Verona on 2 August 2018.
# Thegabakha Ward

Thegabakha Ward also known as Officers' Hill is a ward located under Nagaland's capital city, Kohima. The ward falls under the designated Ward No. 10 of the Kohima Municipal Council.

## Education

Educational Institutions in Thegabakha Ward:

### Schools

* Thegabakha Government Primary School
# Om Parkash Barwa

Om Parkash Barwa was a member of the Haryana Legislative Assembly from the INLD representing the Loharu Vidhan sabha Constituency in Haryana. He served during 2014-2019 term.
# Dredge turning gland

Dredge turning gland is a trailing suction hopper dredger component.

## Features

The dredge turning gland has a special particularity. Attached to the lower suction pipe the dredge turning gland allows a radial rotation in both directions of 15°. Due to this particularity the dredge turning gland enable the dredge drag head to follow the sea bottom without losing vacuum The dredge turning gland’s flanges are cast together with the body of the pipes and a rubber lip seal is used for the sealing of the dredge turning glands

## Materials used

Carbon steel and Carbon Manganese Steel are the Materials used for the production of pipe and flanges of the dredge turning glands. Cast iron is used for the production of the sliding pieces of the dredge turning glands.
# FabricLive.66

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Resident Advisor | |
FabricLive.66 is a 2012 DJ mix album by Daniel Avery. The album was released as part of the FabricLive Mix Series.
# Buckman Co. v. Plaintiffs' Legal Committee

Buckman Co. v. Plaintiffs Legal Comm., 531 U.S. 341 (2001), was a United States Supreme Court case decided in 2001. The case concerned whether the FDCA (Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act), a federal statute, pre-empted a state-law fraud-on-the-FDA claim. Although finding it on different grounds, the Court decided to reject the lawsuit attempt.

## Background

The Plaintiffs' Legal Committee represented plaintiffs who claimed injuries resulting from the use of bone screws on their spines. They sued Buckman Company, alleging they made fraudulent representations to the FDA. They further argued that "but for" the false representations, the injuries would not have occurred.
The District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania heard these claims and decided to dismiss the "fraud-on-the-FDA" sections of the complaint on the ground that it was pre-empted by federal law. A divided panel of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit reversed, arguing that there was no express pre-emption.
Buckman Company appealed to the Supreme Court which heard the case in December 2000.

## Opinion of the Court

Chief Justice William Rehnquist wrote the decision of the Supreme Court, reversing the Third Circuit. He concluded that there was express pre-emption because holding these claims under state law would "inevitably conflict" with the FDA's duty to police fraud. Additionally, to allow such suits could potentially chill information provided to the FDA, a concern the Court thought would hamper the FDA's evaluation of applications.
Justice John Paul Stevens wrote a concurring opinion in the judgement of the Court, which Justice Clarence Thomas joined. Thus, they agreed with reversing the Third Circuit, but on different grounds. Stevens said the lawsuit could not proceed because the plaintiffs could not rebut the fact that the FDA did not remove the allegedly defective products from the market. Therefore, there was no "but for" causation in the first instance.
# Word art

Word art or text art is a form of art that includes text, forming words or phrases, as its main component; it is a combination of language and visual imagery.

## Overview

There are two main types of word art:
* One uses words or phrases because of their ideological meaning, their status as an icon, or their use in well-known advertising slogans; in this type, the content is of paramount importance, and is seen in some of the work of Barbara Kruger, On Kawara and Jenny Holzer's projection artwork called "For the City" (2005) in Manhattan.
* In the other kind of word art, as exemplified by the word paintings of Christopher Wool, text forms the actual artistic component of the work.
The style has been used since the 1950s by artists classified as postmodern, partly as a reaction to abstract art of the time. Word art has been used in painting, sculpture, lithography, screen-printing and projection mapping, and applied to T-shirts and other practical items. Artists often use words from sources such as advertising, political slogans and graphic design, and use them for various effects from serious to comical.

## Artists

Other artists whose work is known for using text include Jasper Johns, Robert Indiana, Shepard Fairey, Mel Bochner, Kay Rosen, Paul Kuniholm, Lawrence Weiner, Ed Ruscha and the collective Guerrilla Girls, whose work conveys political messages in the tradition of protest art. Australian artists include Abdul Abdullah, Kate Just, Anastasia Klose, Sue Kneebone, and Vernon Ah Kee.

## Exhibitions

A 2018 exhibition held simultaneously at Subliminal Projects (which was co-founded by Fairey) in Los Angeles and Faction Art Projects in New York featured the word art of Holzer, Ruscha, Guerrilla Girls and Betty Tompkins as well as younger artists like Ramsey Dau and Scott Albrecht.
Also in 2018, an exhibition called Word in the Hugo Mitchell Gallery in Adelaide, South Australia, featured the work of Just, Abdullah, Klose, Kneebone, Alice Lang, Richard Lewer, Sera Waters, and many others.
# Feng Qinzai

Feng Qinzai (simplified Chinese: 冯钦哉; traditional Chinese: 馮欽哉; pinyin: Féng Qīnzāi; also Feng Chin-Tsai; 1887 – 1963) was a Lieutenant-General in the Chinese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Feng Qinzai commanded the 42nd Division during the Battle of the Great Wall. In 1937, he became commander of the 14th Army, leading it in the Battle of Taiyuan. In 1941, he was made the Deputy Commander in Chief of the Hebei-Chahar War Area, in charge of guerilla forces behind Japanese lines. He held this command until the end of the war. He was also at the same time appointed the Chairman of the Government of Chahar Province, which he held until 1946.
# James Creedon

James Creedon may refer to:
* James Creedon (politician)
* James Creedon (journalist)
# Title III (disambiguation)

Title III may mean:
* Elementary and Secondary Education Act, Title III Part A, a United States federal grant program to improve education (U.S. Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965)
* Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, the 2015 equity crowdfunding rules
* USA PATRIOT Act, Title III, the 2001 money laundering law
* Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, the 1968 wiretap law
# Dredging (cooking)

Dredging is a cooking technique used to coat wet or moist foods with a dry ingredient prior to cooking. Put most simply, dredging involves little more than pulling or rolling the wet food through the dry material to provide an even coating. The technique is particularly common with breaded foods, such as fried fish or chicken cutlets.

## Advantages of dredging

There are several reasons to dredge food prior to sautéing or frying:
* The flour and other dry ingredients seal in moisture to prevent the food from becoming tough.
* The coating applied to the food acts as a barrier that keeps the food from sticking to the pan as it cooks.
* The coating helps to brown the food and provide a crunchy surface.
* The coating enables the exterior of the food to become crisp and darken evenly without burning.
* The seasoning in the coating adds flavor to the food.
# Riddles (surname)

Riddles is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Libby Riddles (born 1956), American dog musher
* Nat Riddles (1952–1991), blues harmonica player
* Robert Riddles (1892–1983), British locomotive engineer
# Eynar

Eynar may refer to:
* Eynar, Iran, a village in Markazi Province, Iran
* Eynar Veyksha, Soviet luger
# Travelin' Light (Zora Young album)

Travelin' Light is an album by the American musician Zora Young. Young supported the album by playing shows with her band, the Blues Posse.

## Production

The album was produced by Randy Labbe. Young wrote the majority of its songs, many of which address the concerns of her female listeners. Pinetop Perkins played piano. Colin Linden played guitar. The album contains covers of "Key to the Highway" and "Queen Bee". "Stumbling Blocks and Stepping Stones" is a new version of a song Young had previously recorded.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Buffalo News | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| The Penguin Guide to Blues Recordings | |
The Edmonton Journal wrote that Young "infuses Chicago style blues with conviction, gospel influences and dead on timing," and called the songs "really pungent poetic gems not without her own sense of wit." The Washington Post determined that "in addition to her commanding and heartfelt vocals, Young contributes a series of songs to the album that have a decidedly personal and sometimes defiant edge."
AllMusic wrote: "With the focus on Young's brassy original material, this is one modern blues album that's a winner all the way."
# Veronica Findlay

Veronica Findlay (born 6 January 1964) is a Jamaican sprinter. She competed in the women's 4 × 100 metres relay at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Feminist Mormon Housewives

Feminist Mormon Housewives (fMh) is a group blog, podcast, and Facebook group featuring commentary and discussion on contemporary Mormon culture and women's issues. According to The New York Times, "Unlike the more mainstream Mormon blogs – known collectively as the Bloggernacle – that by and large promote the faith, this online diary focuses on the universal challenges of mothering young children and on frustration with the limited roles women have in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints."

## History

Feminist Mormon Housewives was founded by Lisa Butterworth, a wife, mother of three, active member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), Sunday School teacher, and Democrat living in Boise, Idaho, along with four of Butterworth's friends. During the 2004 American presidential election, Butterworth felt she couldn't discuss her liberal, feminist politics in her local LDS social circle. She found online discussions by critics of the LDS Church, but disliked their angry tone. When she stumbled up on an article on liberal Mormons at the Times & Seasons blog, she found that civility and openness could be maintained. This inspired Butterworth to contribute to the growing Mormon blogging community, called the Bloggernacle, by creating Feminist Mormon Housewives, with the tagline "Angry Activists with diapers to change" (this was later changed to "A safe place to be feminist and faithful"). fMh provided a place to focus on women's issues, such as abortion, education, polygamy, parenting, and Mother in Heaven.
The blog's atypical premise drew attention from others in the Bloggernacle, then throughout the mainstream media. The role it served in the online Mormon community was the subject of a 2006 session at a Sunstone Symposium.
The site was originally operated at Blogspot by Butterworth and her liberal niece-in-law Beth. The number of regular contributors eventually grew to a widespread group of women from England, New York City, Australia, Massachusetts, Missouri, Idaho, and Utah. Some notable figures in Mormon studies have participated with fMh, including Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, Todd Compton, Margaret Toscano, and influential players in the Bloggernacle.

## Prominence

fMh is recognized as one of the top Mormon blogs and often featured at Mormon Archipelago and Mormon Blogs, both LDS blog aggregators, and in Bloggernacle coverage at the Mormon Times. Discussion of the blog has been featured in The New York Times, Newsweek magazine, National Public Radio, Bust (the feminist magazine), and the Salt Lake Tribune.
# Jamaican Heroes

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
Jamaican Heroes is a 1980 reggae album by Prince Far I. The musicians included Roots Radics and The Flying Lizards. The album was mixed by Anthony "Crucial Bunny" Graham at Studio One, Jamaica. The cover was designed by Jill Mumfield.
Prince Far I uses the "Satta" riddim for "Deck of Life", which is a version of the song "Deck of Cards" that he recorded for Joe Gibbs. He uses Winston Riley’s "Stalag" riddim for "The Vision". "Golden Throne" is underpinned by Burning Spear’s ominous "He Prayed" riddim. The song "Musical History" is filled with criticism of the lyrics of the then deejays, such as Yellowman and General Echo. Their lyrics were just ‘gimmicks’, in contrast to his lyrics that tackled sensitive themes on the social, political and human spheres.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by Michael Williams; except where indicated
* "Deck of Life" (Michael Williams, T. Tyler)
* "The Vision"
* "Natty Champion"
* "Read Chapter"
* "Golden Throne"
* "Jamaican Heroes"
* "Prison Discipline"
* "Musical History"
* "Jah Will Provide"

## Personnel

* Lincoln "Style" Scott, Sly Dunbar - drums
* Errol "Flabba" Holt, Robbie Shakespeare - bass guitar
* Bingy Bunny - rhythm guitar
* Noel "Sowell" Bailey - lead guitar
* Gladstone Anderson - piano
* Winston Wright - organ
* Prince Far I - percussion
* Basheba, Vivien Goldman, Ari Up, Errol "Flabba" Holt - backing vocals
* Kalimba, David Toop - flute
* Steve Beresford - toy piano, toy synthesizer, whistles, melodica, various noises

### Technical

* Anthony "Crucial Bunny" Graham - engineer
* Dave Hunt, Prince Far I - mixing
* Jill Mumford - cover
"Special Thanks To : Roots Radics and Flying Lizards"
# Omega Fornacis

Omega Fornacis, which is Latinized from ω Fornacis, is a wide binary star system in the southern constellation of Fornax. It has a blue-white hue and is faintly visible to the naked eye as a fifth-magnitude star. The system lies at a distance of approximately 470 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +10 km/s.
The dual nature of this system was discovered in 1836 by John Herschel. As of 2013, the two components had an angular separation of 11.0″ along a position angle of 246°. This corresponds to a projected separation of 1,520 AU.
The magnitude 4.95 primary, designated component A, is a chemically peculiar B-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of B9V It has 3.4 times the Sun's mass and is radiating around 268 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 10,910 K. Component B, the magnitude 7.71 secondary, is an A-type main-sequence star with a class of A3V. It is smaller than the primary, but has a higher projected rotational velocity.
# Doğukapı railway station

Doğukapı station is a freight station near the Turkey/Armenia border, on the former Kars–Gyumri railway line. The station name, "Doğukapı" means "the Eastern Gate" in Turkish, referring to the station's being the Turkey's entry point from the USSR.
The station building is abandoned and the tracks are rarely used. Since the closing of the border in 1993, no trains have operated east of the station.
# Rita C. Davidson

Rita C. Davidson (September 1, 1928 – November 11, 1984) was a lawyer and public servant who was the first woman to serve on the Maryland Court of Appeals.
Davidson was born in Brooklyn, New York City, the daughter of Lithuanian and Latvian Jewish immigrants by way of Russia. She graduated from Goucher College in 1948 and Yale Law School in 1951.
She worked in private practice in Washington, D.C., and was active in politics in Montgomery County, Maryland. In 1970, Governor Marvin Mandel appointed her as the secretary of Employment and Social Services, the first woman named to a Maryland governor's cabinet.
In 1972, Davidson was appointed to the Maryland Court of Special Appeals. In 1978, acting governor Blair Lee III appointed her to a seat on the Maryland Court of Appeals vacated by the death of Justice Irving A. Levine. Davidson was the first woman appointed to the state's highest court.
Davidson died of cancer on November 11, 1984, at her home in Chevy Chase, Maryland.
# John Eyre (evangelical minister)

John Eyre (January 1754 – 28/29 March 1803) was an English evangelical clergyman. He helped in establishing some of the major national evangelical institutions.

## Early life

The son of John Eyre of Bodmin, he was born there in January 1754, and baptised on 25 February. He was educated in classics by the Rev. John Fisher, master of Bodmin grammar school, and in mathematics by the Rev. Joseph Thorpe, rector of Forrabury and Trevalga, Cornwall, in his private school at Forrabury. When fifteen years old he was apprenticed to Mr. Oliver, a clothier of Tavistock; and soon afterwards began preaching in the town. At the end of his apprenticeship he returned to his father's business at Bodmin, and preached in the town hall.
Eyre's father expelled him from home. Through a friend Eyre was able to enter Trevecca College, and with the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion he ministered at Tregony, Cornwall, Lincoln, and Mulberry Gardens Chapel, London. Working among the dissenters, he also desired to take orders in the Church of England, and he matriculated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, in 1778. On 30 May 1779 he was ordained deacon by Robert Lowth, and on 19 December 1779 he was advanced to the priesthood by Thomas Thurlow. He was curate at Weston in 1779, to Cecil at Lewes until 1781, then at Reading, and at Chelsea, serving in both places under Cadogan until 1785.

## In Hackney

About the end of 1785 year Eyre was appointed minister of Homerton, often then called Ram's Chapel after its founder and he opened a school at Well Street, Hackney. Robert Aspland was one of his pupils, and Daniel Wilson another.
The Evangelical Magazine was planned by Eyre, and he edited and contributed to its volumes until 1802. It was a joint venture of Church of England and dissenting ministers, with the first number appearing in July 1793. He was one of the founders of the London Missionary Society (1794–5), and he encouraged Edward Hanson in establishing a dissenting academy at Idle, about 1800. A scheme originated in 1796 by Eyre and others to sending out evangelical preachers into the counties south of London, and from this arose Hackney Theological College, opened in 1803. William Jay noted how Eyre, a Calvinist in theology, was asked to preach at John Wesley's chapel in Moorfields, and gave no offence.

## Death

After a long illness Eyre died on 28 or 29 March 1803, and was buried in a vault on the south side of the communion-table in Homerton Chapel, 5 April. His funeral sermon was preached by Rowland Hill. In November 1785 he had married Mary Keene, from near Reading, who died at Well Street, Hackney, 20 June 1827, aged 69, and was buried by her husband's side on 29 June.
Eyre's sermon at the opening of Cheshunt College was published, with related documents, in 1792. A memoir of Eyre by George Collison appeared in the Evangelical Magazine for June and July 1803.