OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Formally real field

In mathematics, in particular in field theory and real algebra, a formally real field is a field that can be equipped with a (not necessarily unique) ordering that makes it an ordered field.

## Alternative definitions

The definition given above is not a first-order definition, as it requires quantifiers over sets. However, the following criteria can be coded as (infinitely many) first-order sentences in the language of fields and are equivalent to the above definition.
A formally real field F is a field that also satisfies one of the following equivalent properties:
* −1 is not a sum of squares in F. In other words, the Stufe of F is infinite. (In particular, such a field must have characteristic 0, since in a field of characteristic p the element −1 is a sum of 1s.) This can be expressed in first-order logic by $\forall x_{1}(-1\neq x_{1}^{2})$, $\forall x_{1}x_{2}(-1\neq x_{1}^{2}+x_{2}^{2})$, etc., with one sentence for each number of variables.
* There exists an element of F that is not a sum of squares in F, and the characteristic of F is not 2.
* If any sum of squares of elements of F equals zero, then each of those elements must be zero.
It is easy to see that these three properties are equivalent. It is also easy to see that a field that admits an ordering must satisfy these three properties.
A proof that if F satisfies these three properties, then F admits an ordering uses the notion of prepositive cones and positive cones. Suppose −1 is not a sum of squares; then a Zorn's Lemma argument shows that the prepositive cone of sums of squares can be extended to a positive cone P ⊆ F. One uses this positive cone to define an ordering: a ≤ b if and only if b − a belongs to P.

## Real closed fields

A formally real field with no formally real proper algebraic extension is a real closed field. If K is formally real and Ω is an algebraically closed field containing K, then there is a real closed subfield of Ω containing K. A real closed field can be ordered in a unique way, and the non-negative elements are exactly the squares.
# Fortuna, Maranhão

Fortuna is a municipality in the state of Maranhão in the Northeast region of Brazil.
# Roger Townshend

Roger Townshend may refer to:
* Sir Roger Townshend (judge) (c. 1430–1493), English landowner, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, MP for Bramber
* Sir Roger Townshend (Norfolk MP, born 1477) (1477–1552), English landowner, MP for Norfolk, son of the above
* Sir Roger Townshend (courtier, died 1590) (c. 1544–1590), English landowner, courtier and soldier, great-grandson of the above
* Sir Roger Townshend, 1st Baronet (c. 1596–1637), English landowner, MP for Orford and Norfolk, grandson of the above
* Sir Roger Townshend, 2nd Baronet (1628–1648), English landowner, eldest son of the above
* Roger Townshend (Norfolk MP, died 1709), English soldier, MP for Norfolk and Great Yarmouth, nephew of the above
* Roger Townshend (British Army officer, born 1708) (1708–1760), English soldier, MP for Great Yarmouth and Eye, nephew of the above
# Roger Woddis

Roger Woddis (17 May 1917 – 16 July 1993) was a British writer and humorous poet. One of his most famous poems, Ethics for Everyman, deals with double-morality of ethical principles.
His early writing career included some involvement with Unity Theatre, London, where he contributed material to a number of revues.
His poetry featured regularly in Radio Times and other periodicals in the 1970s. During much of the 1980s and early '90s, he had his own weekly poem in the humour magazine Punch: titled "Subverse". This consisted each week of a humorously subversive political poem, often dealing with recent events. He was also New Statesman's weekly poet from 1970 until months before his death, following in the footsteps of 'Macflecknoe'; 'Sagittarius' (Olga Katzin); and Reginald Reynolds; and succeeded by Bill Greenwell.
His poems featured topics such as the Vietnam war, miners strikes, and apartheid.
He also wrote for television, including an episode of The Prisoner ("Hammer into Anvil", 1967) which is generally considered the most literate episode of that highly literate series: several pieces of classical music figure in the plot; one character quotes Goethe in the original German, and another character quotes from Don Quixote in the original Spanish.
Much of Woddis's writing was openly sympathetic to leftist political causes, including communism. Woddis's obituary in The Times confirmed that he had been a member of the Communist Party of Great Britain.
His poems include Ethics for Everyman and Down with Fanatics. His collections include 'Lot 71' (1971), 'Sex Guyed' (with Arthur Horner, 1973), 'The Woddis Collection' (1978), 'God's Worried' (1983), 'Funny Old World' (with Steve Bell, 1991), and the posthumous 'One Over The Eighties' (1994)
# Roche-et-Raucourt

Roche-et-Raucourt (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Haute-Saône department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

## Population

| Year | Total |
| 2006 | 153 |
| 1999 | 175 |
| 1990 | 190 |

## Sights

* Church of the 18th century, by the architect Claude Nicolas Ledoux.
* Washing places in Roche and in Raucourt
* Fountain St Didier
* Fort in Raucourt
* Chapels St Roch and St Claude
# Formica propinqua

Formica propinqua is a species of ant in the family Formicidae.
# Roger Noel Cook

Roger Noel Cook (18 June 1946 – 10 March 2024) was a British comics writer, musician, and magazine editor.

## Biography

As a teenager, Cook began working at Polystyle Publications in 1962, becoming a staff writer on TV Comic in 1964. He wrote for various series in TV Comic, including Doctor Who, Tom and Jerry and Popeye. His extensive work on the Doctor Who comic has led to him being described as the most prolific Doctor Who writer in any medium.
While at Polystyle, Cook, on lead vocals, formed the band Stud Leather with Alan Kirkham on guitar. The rest of the band were Haydn Gridley on bass, Johnny Aldrich on drums and Dickie Graves on backing vocals. The band was signed to DART (Dart Records) but disbanded after one single, "Cut Loose," which also featured Raphael Ravenscroft on saxophone (who later played the famous sax solo on Gerry Rafferty's "Baker Street"). Cook then released a single with Alan Kirkham, "Slick Go-Getter", on DART, released October 1973.
In c. 1974, Cook became the UK CEO of Williams Publishing, the publishing division of Warner Communications, where among other duties he edited the men's magazine Parade.
In c. 1979, as Williams was shutting down, Cook joined lifelong friend Tony Power at the pornographic magazine publisher Paul Raymond Publications. While there, Cook invented the first video men's magazine, Electric Blue, for which he also wrote and recorded most of the music, forming the band Broadsword for this purpose. Cook later worked for Richard Desmond, taking over Penthouse magazine.
In 2004, Desmond commissioned Cook to write the first tabloid 3D picture strip, called Big Shot, a soccer star soap.
Cook died on 10 March 2024, at the age of 77.
# Formula 27

Formula 27 is the ninth E.P. by Screeching Weasel. It was released as a companion to Bark Like a Dog, the band's first album after their second breakup. All four songs were recorded during the sessions for the album with the same lineup. This E.P. would be the last new material that the "classic" Screeching Weasel lineup of Weasel/Jughead/Vapid/Panic would release. All the songs deal with issues involving personal relationships and all but the first relate to relationship problems. The E.P. was released shortly after Bark Like A Dog on Vermiform Records (later reissue on Lookout! Records and Weasel's own imprint, Panic Button). It is now out of print, but the songs are available as bonus tracks on the album Beat Is on the Brat.

## Track listing

* "(Nothing's Gonna) Turn Me Off (Of You)" – 1:39
* "Pretty Girls Don't Talk To Me" – 3:02
* "I Don't Care Anymore" – 2:42
* "Why'd You Have to Leave?" – 1:23
All songs written by Ben Weasel.

## Personnel

Ben Weasel - vocals, guitar Jughead - guitar Danny Vapid - bass, backing vocals Dan Panic - drums
# Romit

Romit (Russian: Ромит; Tajik: Ромит/رامیت) is a village and jamoat in Tajikistan. It is part of the city of Vahdat in Districts of Republican Subordination. The jamoat has a total population of 15,440 (2015).
# Romito

Romito may refer to:
* Romito Cave, a natural limestone cave in the Lao Valley of Pollino National Park, Calabria, Italy
* Il Romito, a village of the comune of Pontedera, Province of Pisa, Tuscany, Italy
* Felipe Romito (1893-1962), Argentine singer
* Tommaso Romito (born 1982), Italian footballer
# Romeo and Juliet (Blue System song)

"Romeo and Juliet" is a song by Blue System. It is the first track on their 1992 seventh studio album, Hello America, and was released as its lead single.
The single debuted at number 97 in Germany for the week of March 9, 1992, peaking at number 25 two weeks later.

## Composition

The song is written and produced by Dieter Bohlen.

## Charts

| Chart (1992) | Peak position |
| Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40) | 22 |
| Germany (Official German Charts) | 25 |
# Rolltop

Rolltop may refer to
* Rolltop desk
* A type of equestrian horse jump
# Roller sports at the 2023 Pan American Games – Women's 200 metres time-trial

The women's speed skating 200 metres time trial in roller sports at the 2023 Pan American Games was held on November 4 at the Patinódromo in Santiago.

## Schedule

All times are Chilean Summer Time (UTC-3).
| Date | Time | Round |
| November 4, 2023 | 9:00 | Final |

## Results

12 athletes from 11 countries competed.
| Rank | Name | Nation | Time |
| | Geiny Pájaro | Colombia | 18.624 |
| | Ivonne Nóchez | El Salvador | 18.873 |
| | Erin Jackson | United States | 18.909 |
| 4 | María Arias | Ecuador | 18.957 |
| 5 | Dalia Marenco | Independent Athletes Team | 19.105 |
| 6 | Valeria Rodríguez | Colombia | 19.298 |
| 7 | Mariela Zubieta | Mexico | 19.527 |
| 8 | Romina Morales | Chile | 19.534 |
| 9 | Aylen Tuya | Argentina | 19.572 |
| 10 | Wilmary Davila | Venezuela | 19.675 |
| 11 | Adriana Tundidor | Cuba | 20.927 |
| 12 | Sofia Scheibler | Brazil | 20.927 |
# Roller sports at the 2023 Pan American Games – Men's 10,000 metres elimination

The men's speed skating 10,000 metres elimination race in roller sports at the 2023 Pan American Games was held on November 5 at the Patinódromo in Santiago.

## Schedule

All times are Chilean Summer Time (UTC-3).
| Date | Time | Round |
| November 5, 2023 | 10:40 | Final |

## Results

11 athletes from 10 countries competed.
| Rank | Name | Nation | Points |
| | Andrés Gómez | Colombia | 15:14.489 |
| | Juan Mantilla | Colombia | 15:14.515 |
| | Hugo Ramírez | Chile | 15:22.287 |
| 4 | Jorge Bolaños | Ecuador | EL |
| 5 | Julio Mirena | Paraguay | EL |
| 6 | Dayan Núñez | Cuba | EL |
| 7 | Matthew Fortner | United States | EL |
| 8 | Ken Kuwada | Argentina | EL |
| 9 | Gustavo Rodríguez | Venezuela | EL |
| 10 | Sebastián Castillo | Costa Rica | EL |
| 11 | Carlos Monsivais | Mexico | EL |
# Fort of Nossa Senhora da Guia (Cascais)

The Fort of Nossa Senhora da Guia is located in Cascais, Lisbon District in Portugal. It was built during the Portuguese Restoration War (1640-1668), becoming operational in 1646. The site, which preserves some parts of the fort, is now occupied by a maritime laboratory under control of the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon.

## History

Located at the landing place on July 28, 1580 of Spanish troops under the command of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba, the fort of Nossa Senhora da Guia was one of the series aimed at defending Lisbon that stretched from the Tower of Belem close to Lisbon to Cabo da Roca on the Atlantic coast. It was built between 1640 and 1646 in the reign of John IV of Portugal, under the supervision of António Luís de Meneses, 1st Marquis of Marialva (1640-1656). In 1646 it was armed with artillery and the garrison consisted of a corporal, three gunners and twelve soldiers.
The fort followed the same rectangular plan used for most of the other forts built along the Cascais coast in the same period. It was able to crossfire with the Fort of São Jorge at Oitavos to the WNW. Its space was divided into two distinct areas, the battery and the accommodation area. By the mid-1700s the structure was already beginning to show signs of degradation, and the 1755 Lisbon earthquake caused further damage. Some restoration was carried out in the 1760s but the main repairs were carried out between 1793 and 1796. At this time the fort was modernized, merlons were built and six openings in the walls were made so that cannons could be used. Work also included remodeling of the internal organization of the fort. Four bartizans were also added, one each in the northwestern and northeastern corners, and another two facing the sea. In 1796 the garrison consisted of just one corporal and two soldiers. By September 1805 it was garrisoned mainly by military invalids and from the end of 1813 it was garrisoned mostly by veterans.
Further improvements were carried out in 1829 in the context of the Portuguese Civil War (1828-1834). Additional restoration work was necessary in 1831 and 1832, when the artillery pieces were also restored. In 1832 the garrison consisted of one officer, one corporal, 4 infantrymen and 8 gunners. However the fort was abandoned in 1833 when the army of Miguel I withdrew.
# Ron Routledge

Ronald Wright Routledge (born 14 October 1937) was an English professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Sunderland.
# Providence Friars ice hockey

Providence Friars ice hockey may refer to either of the ice hockey teams that represent Providence College:
* Providence Friars men's ice hockey
* Providence Friars women's ice hockey
# Hoshi kara Kita Futari

Hoshi kara Kita Futari (星から来た二人, lit. Two People from the Stars) is the second studio album Japanese idol duo Pink Lady, released through Victor Entertainment on November 5, 1978. The title track and "Friends" are Pink Lady's versions of the opening and ending themes of the anime Pink Lady Monogatari: Eikō no Tenshi-tachi (ピンク・レディー物語 栄光の天使たち, The Story of Pink Lady: Angels of Splendid Fame), which were originally recorded by Young Fresh. The album also includes a medley of commercial jingles of products endorsed by the duo.
The album peaked at No. 10 on Oricon's weekly albums chart and sold over 46,000 copies.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Yū Aku; all music is composed and arranged by Shunichi Tokura.

## Charts

| Chart (1978) | Peak position |
| Japanese Oricon Albums Chart | 10 |

## Footnotes

* ↑ Theme song for the NTV variety show NTV's The Hit! Pink Hyappatsu Hyakuchū (NTVザ・ヒット! ピンク百発百中!, NTV's The Hit! Pink Bullseye))
* ↑ Theme song for the Tokyo 12 Channel variety show Hello! Pink Lady (ハロー! ピンクレディー, Harō! Pinku Redī)
* ↑ Theme song for the TV Asahi variety show Hashire! Pink Lady (走れ!ピンクレディー, Hashire! Pinku Redī, Run! Pink Lady)
* ↑ Theme song for the NTV series Ai wa Chikyū wo Sukū (愛は地球を救う, Love Saves the Earth)
* ↑ Theme song for the TBS puppet series Tobe! Son Gokū (飛べ!孫悟空, Fly! Son Goku)
# Glycoside hydrolase family 65

In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 65 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.
This family of glycosyl hydrolases (CAZY GH_65) includes vacuolar acid trehalase and maltose phosphorylases. Maltose phosphorylase (MP) is a dimeric enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of maltose and inorganic phosphate into beta-D-glucose-1-phosphate and glucose.
It consists of three structural domains. The C-terminal domain forms a two layered jelly roll motif. This domain is situated at the base of the catalytic domain, however its function remains unknown. The central domain is the catalytic domain, which binds a phosphate ion that is proximal the highly conserved Glu. The arrangement of the phosphate and the glutamate is thought to cause nucleophilic attack on the anomeric carbon atom. The catalytic domain also forms the majority of the dimerisation interface. The N-terminal domain is believed to be essential for catalytic activity although its precise function remains unknown.
# Glycoside hydrolase family 7

In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 7 is a family of glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1., which are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.
Glycoside hydrolase family 7 CAZY GH_7 comprises enzymes with several known activities including endoglucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) and cellobiohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.91). These enzymes were formerly known as cellulase family C.
Exoglucanases and cellobiohydrolases play a role in the conversion of cellulose to glucose by cutting the disaccharide cellobiose from the non-reducing end of the cellulose polymer chain. Structurally, cellulases and xylanases frequently consist of a catalytic domain joined to a cellulose-binding domain (CBD) via a linker region that is rich in proline and/or hydroxy-amino acids. In type I exoglucanases, the CBD domain is found at the C-terminal extremity of these enzyme (this short domain forms a hairpin loop structure stabilised by 2 disulphide bridges).
# Glycoside hydrolase family 70

In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 70 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.
This family includes glucosyltransferases or sucrose 6-glycosyl transferases (GTF-S) (EC 2.4.1.5CAZY GH_70) which catalyse the transfer of D-glucopyramnosyl units from sucrose onto acceptor molecules. Some members of this family contain a cell wall-binding repeat.
# Glavatičevo Hydroelectric Power Station

The Glavaticevo Hydro Power Plant was proposed but eventually canceled project in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the Neretva river. It was intended to be one of the largest hydro power plant in the country, with projected installed electric capacity of 172 MW. However, the project was under harsh scrutiny of local and national communities and various NGO's from Bosnia and Herzegovina and abroad, due which was postponed and probably canceled altogether. Nonetheless, although probably canceled it is still closely monitored by concerned parties, namely local and regional environmental and other NGO's.
# Gmina Orońsko

Gmina Orońsko is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Szydłowiec County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Orońsko, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-east of Szydłowiec and 100 km (62 mi) south of Warsaw.
The gmina covers an area of 81.91 square kilometres (31.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,706.

## Villages

Gmina Orońsko contains the villages and settlements of Bąków, Chałupki Łaziskie, Chronów, Chronów-Kolonia Dolna, Chronów-Kolonia Górna, Chronówek, Ciepła, Dobrut, Gozdków, Guzów, Guzów-Kolonia, Helenów, Krogulcza Mokra, Krogulcza Sucha, Łaziska, Orońsko, Śniadków, Tomaszów, Wałsnów and Zaborowie.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Orońsko is bordered by the gminas of Jastrząb, Kowala, Szydłowiec, Wieniawa, Wierzbica and Wolanów.
# Gmina Poraj

Gmina Poraj is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Myszków County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Poraj, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-west of Myszków and 50 km (31 mi) north of the regional capital Katowice.
The gmina covers an area of 58.53 square kilometres (22.6 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 10,902.

## Villages

Gmina Poraj contains the villages and settlements of Choroń, Choroń-Baranowizna, Choroń-Rajczykowizna, Dębowiec, Gęzyn, Jastrząb, Kuźnica Stara, Kuźnica-Folwark, Masłońskie, Poraj, Pustkowie Gęzyńskie and Żarki-Letnisko.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Poraj is bordered by the town of Myszków and by the gminas of Kamienica Polska, Koziegłowy, Olsztyn and Żarki.

## Twin towns – sister cities

Gmina Poraj is twinned with:
* Belá-Dulice, Slovakia
* Pohořelice, Czech Republic
* Vilnius District Municipality, Lithuania
# Gmina Powidz

Gmina Powidz is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Powidz, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Słupca and 69 km (43 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.
The gmina covers an area of 80.15 square kilometres (30.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 2,077.

## Villages

Gmina Powidz contains the villages and settlements of Anastazewo, Charbin, Ługi, Ostrowo, Polanowo, Powidz, Powidz-Osiedle, Przybrodzin, Smolniki Powidzkie and Wylatkowo.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Powidz is bordered by the gminas of Kleczew, Orchowo, Ostrowite, Słupca, Strzałkowo and Witkowo.
# Glyphidomarptis

Glyphidomarptis is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, Glyphidomarptis cyphoplaca, which is found in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
# Glyphidocera zothecuale

Glyphidocera zothecuale is a moth in the family Autostichidae. It was described by Adamski in 2005. It is found in Costa Rica.
# Gogo Dam

Gogo Dam (Japanese: 五郷ダム) is a gravity dam located in Kagawa Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for flood control. The catchment area of the dam is 12.4 km$^2$. The dam impounds about 16 ha of land when full and can store 2500 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was started on 1960 and completed in 1964.
# Glòria Bordons

Glòria Bordons de Porrata-Doria (born 22 September 1953 in Barcelona) is a Spanish art historian, pedagogue, and philologist. She is considered an expert on the works of Joan Brossa, having published three books on his works.
# God Is the Bigger Elvis

God Is the Bigger Elvis is a 2011 documentary film about actress Dolores Hart, who abandoned her successful career at the age of 24 to become a Benedictine nun. The film was nominated for the 2012 Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject).
In 1957, Dolores Hart co-starred with Elvis Presley in the Paramount motion picture Loving You. It was in this film that she kissed Elvis. This was Elvis' very first on-screen kiss in a movie. Dolores and Elvis would reunite the following year in Michael Curtiz's King Creole.

## Awards

| Award | Category | Recipient | Result |
| 84th Academy Awards | Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject) | Julie Anderson, Rebecca Cammisa | Nominated |
# God Knows

God Knows is a phrase used to express one's own lack of knowledge or understanding of a subject (akin to the phrase "I don't know") or to express the underlying truth of a statement (akin to "it is certainly true").
God Knows may also refer to:
* "God knows...", a song from anime The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya
* God Knows (novel), a novel by Joseph Heller
* "God Knows" (song), a song by Mando Diao
* "God Knows", a song by Bob Dylan from the album Under The Red Sky
* "God Knows (You Gotta Give to Get)", a song by El Perro del Mar from the album El Perro del Mar
* God Knows, Zimbabwean-Irish rapper with Rusangano Family