OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering all aspects of cardiology and vascular medicine with an emphasis on studies that offer new treatments and practices or facilitate the translation of scientific advances into clinical practice. It was established in 2014 and is published by Frontiers Media. The editors-in-chief are Hendrik Tevaearai Stahel (Berne University Hospital) and Masanori Aikawa (Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School).
The journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in Current Contents/Clinical Medicine, Directory of Open Access Journals, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded, and Scopus. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal had a 2022 impact factor of 3.6.

## Controversy

On 7 May 2015, Frontiers removed 31 editors across Frontiers in Medicine and Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, after a dispute with the editorial board. The editors complained that the company was interfering in editing decisions and acting in a way that violated core principles for medical publishing in general.
In a document sent to management, editors (including three editors-in-chief) cited multiple unethical issues with how Frontiers handled manuscripts, including that editors-in-chief are only notified of acceptances after an associate editor or guest editor has accepted a paper for publication. On the other hand, rejection of papers requires editor-in-chief approval. This, the editors allege, is a violation of the World Association of Medical Editors' guidelines. The editors also argued numerous other issues, such as the use of special issues (known as research topics) with no notice given to the editor-in-chief, violating editorial independence, and that the editors are often revoked from editing with no notice. This system, according the former editor-in-chief at these journals (Matthias Barton) maximizes profit over ethical publishing quality. In its 7 May 2015 announcement, Frontiers responded publicly to all points of concern and reported the matter to the boards of the three institutions (at that time) publishing ethical guidelines: ICMJE, WAME and COPE. As of 2024 Frontiers remains in compliance with those groups’ guidelines and is a member of COPE. The current field chief editors (Aikawa and Stahel) have secured an experienced editorial board to help ensure the journal’s editorial processes to protect quality.
In the same year, Frontiers Media was classified as a possible predatory publisher by Jeffrey Beall. However, Beall's list was taken offline two years later in a decision that remains controversial.
# Tripper

Tripper may refer to:

## Film and television

* Jack Tripper, a main character in the American sitcoms Three's Company and Three's a Crowd
* Tripper Harrison, the character portrayed by Bill Murray in the film Meatballs
* The Tripper, a 2006 film

## Music

* Tripper (Efterklang album), 2004
* Tripper (Fruit Bats album), 2011
* Tripper (Hella album), 2011

## Other uses

* A train stop safety device in railway signaling
* Tripper (chess), a fairy chess piece
# Elizabethtown, Guernsey County, Ohio

Elizabethtown is an unincorporated community in Guernsey County, in the U.S. state of Ohio.

## History

Elizabethtown was platted in 1832.
# Fraxinus caroliniana

Fraxinus caroliniana, the pop ash, Florida ash, swamp ash, Carolina ash, or water ash, is a species of ash tree native from Cuba through the subtropical Southeastern United States from southern Virginia to Texas. It was originally described by the botanist Philip Miller. It is a small tree about 40 ft. Leaves are compound, opposite, 7–12 in long, leaflets 5–7 in, ovate to oblong, coarsely serrate or entire, 3–6 in long, 2–3 in wide. Fruit is frequently 3-winged (samara) with flat seed portion; seed sometimes a bright violet color. It is the smallest of eastern North American ash species, wood light, soft, weak, 22 lbs./cu.ft. Typical to coastal swamps and subtropical lowlands. Like other species in the section Melioides, Fraxinus caroliniana is dioecious, with male and female flowers produced on separate individuals.
The tree is threatened by the emerald ash borer, an invasive species of beetle.

## Climate change and swamp ash
### Flooding

Along the lower Mississippi River, flooding occurs during winter and spring. The trees are able to withstand the seasonal flooding. However, flooding has intensified due to climate change. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration found the 2019 spring floods along the Mississippi River were among some of the costliest in history. Lee Jones of J. M. Jones Lumber Company says "The river has been up for so long, and for so much, that it's killed a lot of the trees".

### Future concerns

The emerald ash borer is an invasive species from Asia. The beetles damage the trees by boring holes into the wood, damaging the trees' water and nutrient transport system. These beetles have spread to 35 U.S. states and five Canadian provinces. The emerald ash borer has not yet reached the lower Mississippi, but Jennifer Koch, a Forest Service biologist, says "it's only a matter of time" before it affects the swamp ash.

## Use as a tonewood

Ash, particularly swamp ash because of its figure, is a choice of material for electric guitar bodies and, less commonly, for acoustic guitar bodies, known for its bright, cutting edge and sustaining quality. Some Fender Stratocasters and Telecasters are made of ash, (such as Bruce Springsteen's Telecaster on the Born to Run album cover), as an alternative to alder.
Ash is a Tonewood commonly used in the manufacture of electric guitars. It exhibits a pronounced bright tone with a scooped midrange. It's lightweight, easy to work and sand, accepts glue, stain, paint and finish very well and is inexpensive. All this has made it a favourite of large factories mass-producing instruments. The Fender musical instrument company has been continuously and uninterruptedly using Ash to make electric guitars since 1956. Swamp ash is used a lot in guitar building because of its figure. It is a choice of material for electric guitar bodies and, less commonly, for acoustic guitar bodies, known for its bright, cutting edge and sustaining quality. Some Fender Stratocasters and Telecasters are made of ash, (such as Bruce Springsteen's Telecaster on the Born to Run album cover), as an alternative to alder.
# United States Amateur Championships

United States Amateur Championship[s] or U.S. Amateur Championship[s] can refer to:
* United States Amateur Championships (tennis)
* United States Amateur Championship (golf)
* United States Amateur Championship (snooker)
# Harry McCarthy

Harry McCarthy (1834–1888), also known as Harry Macarthy, was a songwriter from Ireland, where he became a variety entertainer and comedian in the mid 19th century.

## Career

In 1861 he wrote the song "The Bonnie Blue Flag," about the unofficial first Confederate flag, using the tune from "The Irish Jaunting Car." The song was extremely popular, rivaling "Dixie" as a Confederate anthem. The song lost some of its popularity when, late in the war, McCarthy left the South for Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

## In popular culture

* McCarthy is portrayed in a cameo role in the 2003 film God and Generals where he is played by actor Damon Kirsche. He stands on an impromptu outdoor stage and sings "The Bonnie Blue Flag" to a gathering of the Army of Northern Virginia high command. The musicians playing with Macarthy are David Kincaid and the 2nd South Carolina String Band.
# Jhon Sichel

Jhon Sichel (born 30 March 1967) is an Ecuadorian weightlifter. He competed in the men's light heavyweight event at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Frontiers in Biology

Frontiers in Biology was a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of biology. It was established in 2006 and was published by Higher Education Press and Springer Science+Business Media, supervised by the Ministry of Education of China. The editor-in-chief is Hongjun Song (Johns Hopkins University). The journal ceased publication at the end of 2018.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in Chemical Abstracts Service, ProQuest databases, Chinese Science Citation Database, and EMBiology.
# Outoul

Outoul (also written Ouloul) is a village in the commune of Tamanrasset, in Tamanrasset District, Tamanrasset Province, Algeria. It lies on the east bank of Oued Outoul 21 kilometres (13 mi) west of Tamanrasset city.
# Elsthorpe, New Zealand

Elsthorpe is a village in the Central Hawke's Bay District and Hawke's Bay Region of New Zealand's North Island. It is located east of Ōtāne, Waipawa and State Highway 2 and west of the east coast.
It began as a sheep station, named after Elsthorpe, a hamlet in the English county of Lincolnshire. It is now a small settlement, supporting neighbouring sheep farms.
The local St Stephen's Chapel holds five services during the year under the oversight of St Luke's Anglican Church in Havelock North. The village also features a memorial to Royal New Zealand Air Force helicopter pilot Flight Lieutenant William Waterhouse, who died in a Vietnam War training accident in Canberra in January 1969.
The Elsthorpe and neighbouring Omakere rugby union teams were featured in a New Zealand television advertisement for coverage of the 2019 Rugby World Cup.

## Education

Elsthorpe School is a Year 1-8 co-educational state primary school. It is a decile 9 school with a roll of 50 as of August 2024.
# Fred Kingston

Frederick William Kingston (24 December 1855 – 30 January 1933) was an English clergyman, schoolmaster and cricketer who played a few first-class cricket matches for Cambridge University and amateur sides in 1878 and 1886. He was born in Oundle, Northamptonshire and died at Willington, Bedfordshire.
Fred Kingston was the eldest of seven brothers who played first-class cricket or other cricket just below first-class level – several of them, including Fred, played for Northamptonshire in years before and, in Hubert's case, just after the side's accession to first-class status in 1905. A right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper, Fred Kingston's first match while he was a student at Pembroke College, Cambridge, came for an England XI against the university side, and a few weeks later he played for a team calling itself "The Gentlemen of England" in a 12-a-side first-class match against Oxford University at Oxford in which he scored 61 in the middle order. He then appeared in three matches for the Cambridge University side, the final one of which was the 1878 University Match against Oxford, though he did not keep wicket in this game and batted low in the Cambridge line-up. That was the end of his first-class cricket apart from a single appearance for a "Cambridge Past and Present" side which played the Australians in 1886, when he batted at No 10 and kept wicket. He continued, however, to play lower grade cricket, mainly for Northamptonshire but also for Devon. In 1882, he captained the Northamptonshire side in their non-first-class match against the Australians.

## Career outside cricket

Kingston was ordained as a Church of England clergyman after he graduated from Cambridge University and served from 1883 to 1886 as curate in a parish at Callington in Cornwall. In 1886, he moved back to Northamptonshire to become headmaster of Guilsborough Grammar School where he remained until 1910, at times combining his scholastic duties with curacies in local parishes. After 1910, he returned full-time to church work, and was vicar of Willington in Bedfordshire from 1913 until his death.
# List of films and television shows shot in Pittsburgh

List of films and television shows shot in Pittsburgh may refer to:
* List of television shows shot in Pittsburgh
* List of films shot in Pittsburgh
# Wee Han Wen

Dato' Wee Han Wen is a Malaysian architect. He did his architectural studies in Australia. In 1998 he was appointed as chairman of the Miri Municipal Council.
On 20 May 2005, when Miri attained city status, Wee was appointed the first chairman of the Miri City Commission.
In 2003, Wee was awarded the Pingat Panglima Setia Bintang Sarawak (PSBS) in 2003, which carries the title of "Dato'".
# Harry Kalaba

Harry Kalaba (born 12 June 1976 in Mansa District, Luapula Province) is a Zambian politician and the current president for the Citizens First Party. He had served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Zambia from March 2014 to January 2018. He is a former member of Patriotic Front. He served as the Member of Parliament for Bahati from August 2011 to February 2019.
After leaving the Patriotic Front party in 2019, he was chosen to stand as the presidential candidate at the 2021 Zambian general election for the Democratic Party. In July 2022, he left the Democratic Party after several issues and in October 2022, he became the president of the Citizens First Party.
# Frontiers in Energy

Frontiers in Energy is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal on energy. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Higher Education Press. The editors-in-chief are Shilie Weng (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Weidou Ni (Tsinghua University), and Suping Peng (China University of Mining and Technology). The journal was established in 2007 as Frontiers of Energy and Power Engineering in China, before obtaining its current title.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch)
* EBSCO databases
* ProQuest databases
* Scopus
* Inspec
* Academic OneFile
* Chinese Science Citation Database
* Expanded Academic ASAP
# Outo

Outo is an arrondissement in the Zou department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Djidja. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 4,243.
# Ellison's Cave

Ellison's Cave is a pit cave located in Walker County, on Pigeon Mountain in the Appalachian Plateaus of Northwest Georgia. It is the 12th deepest cave in the United States and features the deepest unobstructed pit in the continental US, named Fantastic Pit. The cave is over 12 miles (19.31 km) long and extends 1063 feet (324 m) vertically.

## Pits

Ellison's features a number of underground vertical pitches including the two deepest pits in the contiguous United States: Fantastic (586 feet) and Incredible (440 feet). These two pits lie on opposite sides of the cave. Nearby and parallel to Fantastic are Smokey I (500 feet), Smokey II (262 feet), and other deep pitches.

## Geology

Ellison's is a solution cave in the Ridge and Valley geologic region of northwest Georgia and lies within a bedrock fault in Pigeon Mountain. During the Ordovician Period, tectonic subduction responsible for forming the Appalachians left a number of seismically active fault lines stretching from northern Alabama to eastern Tennessee. Continued orogeny created a large fault zone in the bedrock throughout the southern Appalachians and northern Georgia. This fracturing along with the proliferation of gypsum and limestone contributes to the exceptional depth of Ellison's.

## Incidents

* March 10, 1999 - A caver climbing the Incredible pit became tangled in multiple ropes and was stranded 140 feet off the cave floor underneath water falling into the pit. The incident resulted in fatality due to hypothermia.
* February 12, 2011 - Two University of Florida students died of hypothermia after becoming stuck on rope near a waterfall close to the bottom of 125 ft Warm-up pit. It was reported that the students were underexperienced and underprepared for the cave.
* May 26, 2013 - A caver was rescued and hospitalized after falling 40 feet in the cave. It took 21 hours to evacuate the caver, including hauling up Fantastic Pit.
* March 26, 2016 - A 22-year-old man suffering from exhaustion and cold was rescued from the bottom of Fantastic Pit after emerging from the lower part of the cave. After being hauled up both Fantastic and the Warm Up Pit, he was able to walk down the mountain on his own.

## Visiting

The cave and surrounding area are managed by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources and are open year-round.
# Franklin Serrano

Franklin Leon Peres Serrano is a Brazilian economist and professor at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.

## Biography

He is currently an associate professor at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and an associate editor of the Review of Keynesian Economics magazine (ROKE).
He has experience in topics related to economics and political economy, acting mainly on the following themes: growth, external restriction, effective demand, Sraffian economy.
He holds a bachelor's degree in economics at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (1983), a master's degree in economics at federal University of Rio de Janeiro (1988) and a PhD in economics at University of Cambridge (1996).

## Selected works

* SERRANO, Franklin. (1995) "The Sraffian Supermultiplier." University of Cambridge. United Kingdom. (PhD Thesis)
* SERRANO, Franklin. (1995) "Long period effective demand and the Sraffian supermultiplier." Contributions to Political Economy, 14(1), 67-90.
* SERRANO, Franklin & MAZAT, Numa. (2015). "An analysis of the Soviet economic growth from the 1950’s to the collapse of USSR."
* SERRANO, Franklin & FREITAS, Fábio. (2015). Growth rate and level effects, the stability of the adjustment of capacity to demand and the Sraffian supermultiplier. Review of Political Economy, 27(3), 258-281.
* SERRANO, Franklin & FREITAS, Fábio. (2017). The Sraffian supermultiplier as an alternative closure for heterodox growth theory. European Journal of Economics and Economic Policies: Intervention, 14(1), 70-91.
* SERRANO, Franklin & FREITAS, Fábio & BHERING, Gustavo. (2019). Thirlwall's law, external debt sustainability, and the balance-of-payments-constrained level and growth rates of output. Review of Keynesian Economics, 7(4), 486-497.
* SERRANO, Franklin & SUMMA, Ricardo & MOREIRA, Vivian. (2020). Stagnation and unnaturally low interest rates: a simple critique of the amended New Consensus and the Sraffian supermultiplier alternative. Review of Keynesian Economics, 8(3), 365-384.
* SERRANO, Franklin & MEDEIROS, Carlos. (2020). O desenvolvimento econômico e a retomada da abordagem clássica do excedente. Brazilian Journal of Political Economy, 24, 244-263.
# Carlyle station

The Carlyle station is a former railway station in Carlyle, Saskatchewan. It was built by the Canadian National Railway in 1909 and later served Via Rail. It now houses the Rusty Relics Museum.

## Rusty Relics Museum

The Rusty Relics Museum was founded as a non-profit organisation in 1973 thanks to a Youth for Employment Grant from the government. Seven women went around Carlyle gathering artefacts and interviewing older residents to start the founding of the museum. Gladys Nicholl was elected its first president that same year. In 1976, the museum bought the old train station and had it moved to its present location. The museum officially opened on 8 July 1980.
The museum houses a working telegraph station, 10,000 catalogued artefacts, a Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) caboose and jigger car on a railway track. As a separate building there is a country schoolhouse. There was Anglican Church that was built in 1905 as part of the museum, but it was demolished in 2019.

## Gallery

* Carlyle Station (July 1980)
* Museum entrance c. 2000s
* Museum c. 2000s
* Museum and schoolhouse c. 2000s
* Schoolhouse c. 2000s
* The old country schoolhouse. In this photo, the flag is half-mast because of the unmarked graves found at Indian residential schools
* Anglican Church c. 2000s, built 1905, demolished 2019
# Universal Links on Human Rights

Universal Links on Human Rights is a memorial sculpture located in Dublin, Ireland, on the traffic island at the junction of Amiens Street, Beresford Place, and Memorial Road, close to Busáras and The Customs House. It is a sphere of welded interlinked chains and bars, 260 cm in diameter, housing an eternal flame in its center, powered by natural gas. It was commissioned by Amnesty International in 1995 and designed by Tony O'Malley (b. 1962). It represents the jails holding prisoners of conscience.
# Wee Jasper Nature Reserve

The Wee Jasper Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve that is located in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 630-hectare (1,600-acre) reserve is situated to the west of the Goodradigbee River arm of Burrinjuck Dam near the rural locality of Wee Jasper.

## Features

The reserve was created in 1979 with 426.2 ha (1,053 acres) of land. 204.8 ha (506 acres) were added in 1986 and 1.7 ha (4.2 acres) were added in July 2001.

### Flora

Four distinct forest ecosystems exist in the reserve:
* Apple box - Norton's box moist grass forest – This ecosystem exists on south east facing slopes in the southern part of the reserve.
* Brittle gum - broad-leaved peppermint - Poa grass forest – This ecosystem exists on moderately exposed, east-facing slopes.
* Norton's box - Poa grass forest – This ecosystem exists on west-facing slopes in the south of the reserve.
* River she-oak forest – This ecosystem exists along Wee Jasper Creek in the south of the reserve.

#### Threatened species

The Australian anchor plant (Discharia pubescens) and limestone brittle-moss (Orthotrichum cupulatum) are rare. The Yass daisy (Ammobium craspedioides) is listed as vulnerable under the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (NSW) (TSCA 1995). The Wee Jasper grevillea (Grevillea iaspicula) and the formbe pepper-cress (Lepidium pseudopapillosum) are listed as endangered under the TSCA 1995.

### Fauna

60 species of animal have been identified in the reserve.
# Harry Kaiser

Harry Kaiser is an economist and the Gellert Family Professor of Applied Economics and Management at Cornell University. He is the father of three children, and currently teaches at Cornell University.

## Areas of research

Kaiser has expertise in price analysis, marketing, industrial organization, policy, agricultural policy analysis and quantitative methods. Kaiser was one of the first economists to investigate the economic impacts of climate change on agriculture. He is the director of the Cornell Commodity Promotion Research Program. Additionally, Kaiser conducts the economic analysis required by the U.S. Congress for the national dairy and fluid milk processor advertising programs. He has served as the editor of Agriculture and Resource Economics Review, and as the president of the Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association. Kaiser has also served on the executive board of directors of the American Agricultural Economics Association.

## Awards and honors

* University of Minnesota Outstanding Achievement Award, 2009
* Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota Outstanding Alumni Award, 2009
* Co-recipient of the Outstanding Journal Article, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society, 2009
* University of Wisconsin Alumni Distinguished Achievement Award, 2006
* Distinguished Member Award, Northeastern Association of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 2009
* Distinguished Member Award, Northeastern Association of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 2003
* Annual Jerome Johnson Lecture, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, 2000
* Co-recipient of the Outstanding Journal Article, Northeastern Association of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 1991
* Co-recipient of the American Association of Agricultural Economics Group Extension Award, 1986

## Education

* Ph.D., University of Minnesota, 1985
* M.S., University of Minnesota, 1981
* B.A., University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, 1979