OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Robert Award for Best English Language Film

The Robert Award for Best English Language Film (previously named the Robert Award for Best American Film from 1999 to 2018) is an award presented by the Danish Film Academy at the annual Robert Awards ceremony.

## History

The award has been handed out since 1999. Between 1984 and 1996, a Robert Award for Best Foreign Film was awarded. Then was split into two awards: Robert Award for Best Non-American Film (from 1997) and the Robert Award for Best American Film (from 1999). The names of these categories were changed in 2019 to the Robert Award for Best English Language Film and Robert Award for Best Non-English Language Film.

## Honorees
### 1990s

* 1999: The Truman Show – Peter Weir

### 2000s

* 2000: The Straight Story – David Lynch
* 2001: American Beauty – Sam Mendes
* 2002: The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring – Peter Jackson
* 2003: Gosford Park – Robert Altman
* 2004: The Hours – Stephen Daldry
* 2005: Lost in Translation – Sofia Coppola
* 2006: Sideways – Alexander Payne
* 2007: Babel – Alejandro González Iñárritu
* 2008: Not awarded
* 2009: No Country for Old Men – Joel Coen and Ethan Coen

### 2010s

* 2010: Up – Pete Docter
* 2011: Inception – Christopher Nolan
* 2012: Drive – Nicolas Winding Refn
* 2013: Argo – Ben Affleck
* 2014: Gravity – Alfonso Cuarón
* 2015: Boyhood – Richard Linklater
* 2016: Birdman – Alejandro G. Iñárritu
* 2017: The Revenant – Alejandro G. Iñárritu
* 2018: Manchester by the Sea – Kenneth Lonergan
* 2019: Three Billboards – Martin McDonagh

### 2020s

* 2020: Joker – Todd Phillips
* 2021: Nomadland - Chloe Zhao

## Directors with multiple wins

* Alejandro G. Iñárritu - 3
# Robert Mickle

Robert W. "Bob" Mickle (12 February 1925 – 1 March 2009) was an American city planner, community leader, and activist from Des Moines, Iowa. He was active in his planning career for nearly 40 years. His lifelong commitment to community activism and volunteerism, is recognized to have had a lasting impact on the city of Des Moines. Among his accomplishments are the founding of the Des Moines Area Metropolitan Planning Organization, construction oversight of Des Moines' "Skywalks" footbridge system, and the Mickle Center.
Mickle was the founding director of the Central Iowa Regional Planning Commission. He served as head of the commission from its creation in the mid-60s until 1972, when its rapid growth necessitated a redistribution of responsibility. Mickle continued to serve as director of planning, while the executive director position was given to Joel Gunnells.

## The Mickle Center

Robert Mickle Business and Neighborhood Resource Center, locally known as "the Mickle Center," is both the name of an organization and the building it operates in. The center was named after Robert Mickle for his contributions to Des Moines. Originally a senior center, the building was trusted to Mickle for $1 by the City of Des Moines on the condition that the organization would operate as a nonprofit. The building was subsequently renovated under Mickle's direction. Its newly renovated facility included office spaces, meeting rooms, and a community room. The center, officially registered as "Neighborhood Investment Corporation", has served the Sherman Hill neighborhood and the greater Des Moines community as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization for several years. It functions as a shelter for many charitable organizations and a venue for various social activities. As of December 2019, the president of the center is Jack Porter.
# Robert J. Vlasic

Robert Joseph Vlasic (March 9, 1926 – May 8, 2022) was an American business executive. He helped build Vlasic Pickles into one of the most popular pickle brands in the United States, controlling about a quarter of the market as of 1978.

## Early life and education

Vlasic was born and raised in Detroit, Michigan. His grandfather Franjo "Frank" Vlašić and his father Joseph Vlašić were Croatian Catholic immigrants who ran a dairy distribution business. Robert Vlasic served in the Navy during World War II, then attended the University of Michigan, earning a degree in industrial and mechanical engineering in 1949. In 1988, the university established the deanship of the college of engineering as an endowed position, the Robert J. Vlasic Dean of Engineering. It was the first endowed deanship in any college or school at the university.

## Career

He joined the family business after graduation, and took over its management in 1963. During the 1940s the company had expanded into fruits and vegetables, including pickles in glass jars. Vlasic got the company to move beyond distribution into production, making and selling sauerkraut and a wide variety of pickles.
He attracted public attention with light-hearted, whimsical commercials, saying that "pickles should be a fun food." Early print ads capitalized on the popular belief that pregnant women crave pickles, with a husband telling his wife "Sweetie, it’s time for your 4 o’clock pickle." The company's television ads since 1974 have featured a cartoon stork with a Groucho Marx accent, who chomps on a pickle instead of a cigar and plays up the pickle's crunch. In 1974 Vlasic published a book, Bob Vlasic's 101 Pickle Jokes.
In 1978, he sold the business to the Campbell Soup Company and took a seat on Campbell's board of directors, serving as its chairman from 1989 to 1993. He also served on multiple nonprofit and charity boards, including the chairmanship of the board of Henry Ford Hospital. A devout Catholic, he served as a financial advisor to the Archdiocese of Detroit.

## Personal life

In 1950, he married Nancy Reuter; they lived in Grosse Pointe Shores and later in Bloomfield Hills, where Vlasic died in 2022. The couple had five sons. Nancy died in 2016.
# Fit showing jump bid

Fit showing jump bid is a contract bridge convention usually played only in competitive bidding situations (i.e. where both sides are bidding).
After a player has opened in a suit (or overcalled) and the opponents are also bidding, his partner's jump in a new suit shows length in the suit bid and support for the opening (or overcalled) suit, normally 5-4 or 4-5 or better in the two suits. The bid is both pre-emptive and competitive in nature and shows a playing-strength for which one would otherwise have jumped to the next higher level in partner's suit. The dual purpose of the convention is to describe one's hand in more detail in order to enable partner to judge better how high to compete in the bidding while at the same time making it more difficult for the opponents to continue to bid.
Fit-jump bids were widely popularized by Andrew Robson and Oliver Segal in the book Partnership Bidding in Bridge.

## Examples

| North | East | South | West |
| 1♥ | 1♠ | 3♣ | |
The 3♣ bid shows possession of a club suit and support for partner's heart suit with playing strength comparable to a 3♥ pre-emptive bid. If, for example, West then bids 3♠, it is easier for North to judge whether to compete with 4♥ or not.
| North | East | South | West |
| 1♠ | Double | 4♦ | |
The 4♦ shows possession of a diamond suit and support for partner's spade suit with playing strength comparable to a 4♠ pre-emptive bid.
| North | East | South | West |
| 1♥ | 1♠ | 2♥ or Double or Pass | 4♣ |
4♣ shows possession of a club suit and support for partner's spade suit with playing strength comparable to a 4♠ preemptive bid.

## Variations

The situations where this convention applies vary according to partnership agreement. One variation is to agree that it only applies to non-game jump bids; so, for example, in the auction, 1♠ - (2♣) - 4♥, the 4♥ bid is natural showing a heart suit and is not fit-seeking and does not show support for partner's spade suit.
vteContract bridge :
Overview :
Bidding :
Card play :
People and organizations :
Championships :
Publications and resources :
# Fit model

A fit model (sometimes fitting model) is a person who is used by a fashion designer or clothing manufacturer to check the fit, drape and visual appearance of a design on a 'real' human being, effectively acting as a live mannequin. A person is selected to work as a fitting model primarily on criteria matching the desired measurement specifications of the designer or manufacturer. These specifications generally consist of height, bust-waist-hip circumference, arm and leg length, shoulder width, and a myriad other measurements as indicated by the garment type. This is the case whether the garments are for women or men of any size; the grading of construction patterns is often tested on a variety of fitting models to be sure that increases in size are translated accurately and evenly across the range.
Beyond merely wearing the garment for inspection, a fit model can become an integral role in the design process; commenting on garments and materials with regards to fit, movement and feel on flesh, and objective feedback on the 'fit' and design of the garment in the stead of the consumer. Ultimately, a fitting model aids in confirming that the sizing, design and cut of the garment to be produced meets the designer's specifications and intentions.
For female fit models there are five basic types of fit: junior, missy, contemporary, plus-size, and petite. The measurements and proportions vary based on size as well as age. Depending on the brand and demographic of their customer sometimes the brand has more than one fit, which may also vary according to region. Many major brands make clothes in juniors and missy sizes. For example: a female (Australian) size 10 is:
    Height: 170 cm (67 inch)
    Waist: 72 cm (27 inch)
    Hip: 98 cm (39 inch)
    Bust: 89 cm (35 inch)
    Female models in America are usually a size 4 and:
    Height: 5'4 - 5'9
    Waist: 26 inch
    Hips 37 inch
    Bust: 34 inch
# Robert Laing

Robert Laing may refer to:
* Robert W. Laing, British production designer, art director and set decorator
* Robert Laing (badminton) (born 1999), Scottish para badminton player
# Robert King, 1st Baron Kingsborough

Robert King, 1st Baron Kingsborough (18 February 1724 – 22 May 1755), known as Sir Robert King, Bt, between 1740 and 1748, was an Irish landowner and politician.
King was the elder son of Sir Henry King, 3rd Baronet, by Isabella Wingfield, daughter of Edward Wingfield and sister of Richard Wingfield, 1st Viscount Powerscourt. He succeeded his father in the baronetcy in 1740. In 1744 he was returned to the Irish Parliament for Boyle, a seat he held until 1748, when, aged only 24, he was raised to the Irish peerage as Baron Kingsborough. He was also Custos Rotulorum of Roscommon.
Lord Kingsborough died in May 1755, aged 31. He never married and the barony died with him. He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his younger brother, Edward, who was created Earl of Kingston in 1768.
# Robert S. Galen

Robert S. Galen (born May 29, 1946) is a physician, Professor Emeritus Epidemiology and former Senior Associate Dean in the College of Public Health at The University of Georgia. Galen is also the former Chair of the Division of Public Health at UGA's Biomedical Health Science Institute and founder of the Global Health Program there.
Galen matriculated in the 6-year medical program at Boston University School of Medicine, graduating in 1970. While in medical school Galen held an externship at Manned Spacecraft in Houston, Texas during the July 1969 Apollo 11 Moon landing. He is best known as co-author of the medical text Beyond Normality: The Predictive Value and Efficiency of Medical Diagnosis (1975).
Galen holds many patents, including US 5695949: The Combined Assay for Current Glucose Level and Intermediate or Long-Term Glycemic Control.
# Robert Duff (Newfoundland politician)

Robert Duff (July 21, 1868 – October 11, 1928) was a merchant and politician in Newfoundland. He represented Carbonear in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1924 to 1928.

## Biography

Born in Carbonear on July 21, 1868, Duff became a prominent business owner in the area. Duff was president of William Duff & Sons Ltd., the Public Service Electric Co., the Harbour Grace Marine Railway Dock Co. and the Conception Bay Mutual Marine Co. He was also a director of the Newfoundland Savings Bank.
Duff was elected to the Newfoundland assembly in 1924 as a Liberal-Progressive. In 1926, he transferred his support to the government of Walter Stanley Monroe and was made a minister without portfolio in the cabinet.
He married Louisa C. Penney in 1896 and they had four children.
He died in Montreal on October 11, 1928.
# Floriculture in Taiwan

Floriculture is a significant industry in Taiwan. Taiwan is one of the largest flower exporters in the world and the top producer of orchids.

## Overview

In 2011 Taiwan was one of the largest flower exporters in the world and the top producer of orchids.
In 2013, Taiwan harvested flowers with a total value of NT$16.52 billion, in which US$189.7 million of it was exported. Flower plantation land spreads over an area of 138 km2. Chrysanthemum floriculture takes the most land share among other types of flowers. Taiwan is the world's largest exporter of orchids, which represented 87% of the flower export value in 2013. The main export markets for Taiwanese flowers are the United States, Japan and the Netherlands.
Small scale growers receive extensive government and private support, many of these small flower growers are multi-generation family farms.
Tianwei is a traditional center of the industry and is known as the “land of flowers."

## History

The high-end orchid industry began in the 1970s with amateurs and hobbyists collecting and cultivating specimens. Due to the economic expansion of Taiwan’s economy during this period these hobbyists where able to devote significant resources to developing and crossbreeding orchids. This created a dedicated local market for very expensive innovative flowers. In the 1980s major Taiwanese corporations noticed the market and began mass production with the help of Dutch companies and cultivation techniques.
In the early 1990s Taiwanese flower producers played an important part in starting the modern floriculture industry in China, particularly around Kunming.
In 2005 Taiwan overtook Thailand as the world’s top orchid producer.
The export oriented flower market suffered during the COVID-19 pandemic with an increase in domestic consumption and government support necessary to keep the industry profitable.
In 2022 Taiwan was by far the largest exporter of orchids to the United States.

## Markets

The Taipei Flower Market is the largest plant and flower market in Taiwan.

## Organizations

The Taiwan Floriculture Development Association is the primary industry association. Associations also exist for high value sub-groups such as orchid producers.
# Florică Murariu

Florică Murariu (28 March 1955 – 24 December 1989) was a Romanian professional rugby union flanker.

## Career

Murariu spent his entire career playing for Steaua Bucharest, where he won 10 league titles.
He won 69 caps for Romania, from 1976 to 1989, and scored 8 tries, 32 points on aggregate. He made his international debut against France on 14 November 1976. He captained his country for the first time on 12 April 1986 against France. He was called for the 1987 Rugby World Cup, playing in two games and scoring 2 tries, 8 points on aggregate. His final international appearance came against England on 13 May 1989.
Murariu was an officer in the Romanian Army and was shot dead at a roadblock during the 1989 Revolution.

## Honours
### Club
#### Steaua Bucharest

* Romanian League:
** Champion (10): 1977, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989
* Cupa României:
** Winner (2): 1977, 1978

### International
#### Romania

* FIRA Nations Cup:
** Winner (3): 1977, 1981, 1983
# Thyou Department

Thyrou is a department or commune of Boulkiemdé Province in central Burkina Faso. As of 2005 it has a population of 24,487. Its capital lies at the town of Thyrou.

## Towns and villages

· Thyou · Boutoko · Goumogo · Kamsé · Moukouan · Sogpelcé · Soula · Tatyou · Vella · Bangré
# S-1226

S-1226, or S1226, is a mixture of carbon dioxide-enriched air and nebulized perflubron being developed as a novel bronchodilator for use in respiratory diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, and COVID-19 by SolAeroMed.
Unlike typical bronchodilators such as β$_2$-adrenergic agonists and antimuscarinics, S-1226 does not act on receptors in the airways. Instead, it combines the bronchodilator activity of gaseous carbon dioxide with the mucolytic properties of the synthetic surfactant perflubron to relax the smooth musculature of the airways, clear excess mucus, and reduce inflammation. Thus, S-1226 represents a novel class of bronchodilators that could alleviate certain problems of existing therapeutics, such as the buildup of tolerance to their effects and their inefficient penetration of airway mucus.

## Clinical studies
### Asthma

S-1226 has completed phase I and II clinical trials for the treatment of acute asthma exacerbations caused by exposure to allergens.

#### Phase I

The phase I randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial designed to assess the safety of S-1226 compared 3 different formulations of S-1226 containing varying concentrations of carbon dioxide (4%, 8%, and 12%) to a placebo. No serious adverse events were reported, though S-1226 caused a greater number of related adverse events than did the placebo. These events were attributed by the investigators to the carbon dioxide constituent of S-1226.

#### Phase II

The phase II randomized double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over trial was designed to further assess the safety and to provide preliminary evidence of efficacy of S-1226 in treating acute asthma exacerbations caused by exposure to allergens. The 8% carbon dioxide formulation of S-1226 was used in this study due to its favourable efficacy in animal studies and favourable safety in the phase I trial. The trial enrolled 12 patients with mild allergic asthma who were randomised to either receive S-1226 (8% carbon dioxide) or placebo. After the first treatment period and a washout period of 14 days, the group initially randomised to S-1226 received placebo, and vice versa in the second treatment period.
No serious adverse events were reported. The placebo group experienced a gradual lowering of peripheral blood oxygenation levels, while the S-1226 intervention group did not. The S-1226 intervention group regained their initial FEV$_1$ (the volume of air a person can forcibly exhale in 1 second) more rapidly than the placebo group following allergen exposure.

### Cystic fibrosis

As of December 2023, SolAeroMed were recruiting patients with cystic fibrosis for a phase II trial of S-1226.
# List of amphibians of Taiwan

At least 37 species of amphibians are native to Taiwan. Of these, 17 species are endemic to Taiwan. Salamander Echinotriton andersoni is considered extinct in Taiwan (but survives on the Ryukyu Islands of Japan). In addition, there are three introduced species: cane toad Rhinella marina, bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus, and Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus. Thus, in total 40 amphibians have been recorded in Taiwan.

## Anura (frogs and toads)

Family Bufonidae — true toads
* Bufo bankorensis Barbour, 1908 — endemic
* Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799)
* Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758) — introduced
Family Dicroglossidae — fork-tongued frogs
* Fejervarya cancrivora (Gravenhorst, 1829)
* Fejervarya kawamurai Djong, Matsui, Kuramoto, Nishioka, and Sumida, 2011 — provisional
* Fejervarya multistriata (Hallowell, 1861)
* Fejervarya sakishimensis Matsui, Toda, and Ota, 2008
* Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (Wiegmann, 1834)
* Limnonectes fujianensis (Ye and Fei, 1994)
Family Hylidae — (Ameroaustralian) treefrogs
* Hyla chinensis Günther, 1858
Family Microhylidae — narrow-mouthed frogs/toads
* Kaloula pulchra Gray, 1831
* Microhyla butleri Boulenger, 1900
* Microhyla fissipes Boulenger, 1884
* Microhyla heymonsi Vogt, 1911
* Micryletta steinegeri (Boulenger, 1909) — endemic
Family Ranidae — true frogs
* Babina adenopleura (Boulenger, 1909)
* Babina okinavana (Boettger, 1895)
* Hylarana latouchii (Boulenger, 1899)
* Hylarana taipehensis (Van Denburgh, 1909)
* Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802) — introduced
* Odorrana swinhoana (Boulenger, 1903) — endemic
* Pelophylax fukienensis (Pope, 1929)
* Rana longicrus Stejneger, 1898
* Rana sauteri Boulenger, 1909 — endemic
* Sylvirana guentheri (Boulenger, 1882)
Family Rhacophoridae — flying frogs or Afro-Asian treefrogs Subfamily Buergeriinae
* Buergeria japonica (Hallowell, 1861)
* Buergeria otai Wang, Hsiao, Lee, Tseng, Lin, Komaki, and Lin, 2017 — endemic
* Buergeria robusta (Boulenger, 1909) — endemic
Subfamily Rhacophorinae
* Kurixalus berylliniris (Wu, Huang, Tsai, Li, Jhang, and Wu, 2016) — endemic
* Kurixalus eiffingeri (Boettger, 1895)
* Kurixalus idiootocus (Kuramoto and Wang, 1987) — endemic
* Kurixalus wangi (Wu, Huang, Tsai, Li, Jhang, and Wu, 2016) — endemic
* Polypedates braueri (Vogt, 1911)
* Polypedates megacephalus (Hallowell, 1861) — introduced
* Rhacophorus arvalis Lue, Lai, and Chen, 1995 — endemic
* Rhacophorus aurantiventris Lue, Lai, and Chen, 1994 — endemic
* Rhacophorus moltrechti Boulenger, 1908 — endemic
* Rhacophorus prasinatus Mou, Risch, and Lue, 1983 — endemic
* Rhacophorus taipeianus Liang and Wang, 1978 — endemic

## Caudata (salamanders)

Family Cryptobranchidae — giant salamanders
* Andrias davidianus (Blanchard, 1871) — introduced (likely)
Family Hynobiidae — Asian salamanders
* Hynobius arisanensis Maki, 1922 — endemic
* Hynobius formosanus Maki, 1922 — endemic
* Hynobius fucus Lai and Lue, 2008 — endemic
* Hynobius glacialis Lai and Lue, 2008 — endemic
* Hynobius sonani (Maki, 1922) — endemic
Family Salamandridae — newts
* Echinotriton andersoni (Boulenger, 1892) — extinct in Taiwan
# Uuemõisa, Saare County

Uuemõisa is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western Estonia.
Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Pöide Parish.