OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Els Omells de na Gaia

Els Omells de na Gaia (Catalan pronunciation:) is a municipality in the comarca of the Urgell in Catalonia, Spain. It is located north of the Serra del Tallat, Catalan Pre-Coastal Range, at the southern end of the comarca.
The town centre has medieval stone houses. The Església parroquial de Santa Maria is an 18th-century church that houses some ancient carved wood images. Els Omells de na Gaia is in an economically depressed area, the main income is derived from cereal, vineyard and almond cultivation, as well as some cattle.

## Demography

| 1900 | 1930 | 1950 | 1970 | 1986 | 2006 |
| 641 | 624 | 481 | 276 | n/a | 159 |
# Bertignolles

Bertignolles (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
# Gruenther

Gruenther is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alfred Gruenther (1899–1983), United States Army General
* Richard Gruenther (1924–2015), American pentathlete
# Japanese escort ship Etorofu

Etorofu was the lead ship of her class of fourteen ships built for the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.

## Background and description

The Etorofu class was an improved version of the preceding Shimushu class with a greater emphasis on anti-submarine warfare. The ships measured 77.72 meters (255 ft 0 in) overall, with a beam of 9.1 meters (29 ft 10 in) and a draft of 3.05 meters (10 ft 0 in). They displaced 880 metric tons (870 long tons) at standard load and 1,040 metric tons (1,020 long tons) at deep load. The ships had two diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft, which were rated at a total of 4,200 brake horsepower (3,100 kW) for a speed of 19.7 knots (36.5 km/h; 22.7 mph). The ships had a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 km; 9,200 mi) at a speed of 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph).
The main armament of the Etorofu class consisted of three Type 3 120-millimeter (4.7 in) guns in single mounts, one superfiring pair aft and one mount forward of the superstructure. They were built with four Type 96 25-millimeter (1.0 in) anti-aircraft guns in two twin-gun mounts, but the total was increased to 15 guns by August 1943. 36 depth charges were stowed aboard initially, but this later increased by August 1943 to 60 depth charges with a Type 97 81-millimeter (3.2 in) trench mortar and six depth charge throwers. They received Type 22 and Type 13 radars and Type 93 sonar in 1943–44.

## Construction and career

Etorofu was launched by Hitachi, Sakurajima, on 29 January 1943 and completed on 25 March. She served on repatriation duties until 1947 when she was turned over to the United States Navy on 5 August and broken up at Kure beginning on 13 October.
# Staręga

Staręga is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Maciej Staręga (born 1990), Polish cross-country skier
* Monika Hojnisz-Staręga (born 1991), Polish biathlete
# Calypso class

Calypso class may refer to:
* Calypso-class corvette, a British Royal Navy steam corvette class
* Calypso-class spéronare, a French Navy sail transport class
# Melaka virus

Melaka virus (MELV) is a bat-borne virus. It was first isolated in a human in Melaka, Malaysia in 2006. A bat reservoir was suspected because traceback analysis revealed that the patient had been exposed to a bat prior to the onset of infection. Melaka virus causes a non-fatal respiratory tract illness in humans.

## Virology

Melaka virus is a nonenveloped, segmented, double-stranded RNA virus. Having a segmented genome facilitates reassortment. Melaka is a fusogenic virus which enhances virulence in its ability to carry out cell-cell fusion.

## Transmission

Transmission is believed to be human to human through droplet respiration. The patient was the sole member of his family to be exposed to the bat, yet three members of his family became ill with the virus.
# Cassette Recordings '87

Cassette Recordings '87, also issued with the title From the Board, is the third live album by the free jazz group Last Exit. It was released in March 1987 by Enemy Records.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Allmusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
In a review for AllMusic, John Dougan wrote: "Still live, still pumping big-time improvised noise wail... This is mighty powerful stuff, and those a tad squeamish when it comes to full-bore noisemaking and improvised energy should explore this record only with proper supervision. There's no telling what will happen if you're left alone with these guys for any length of time."
Steve Huey, in a second AllMusic review, stated: "more fine work from free jazz's answer to heavy metal... if you like their sound, most of what's out there is pretty high-quality, and From the Board is no exception."

## Track listing

All music is composed by Peter Brötzmann, Ronald Shannon Jackson, Bill Laswell, Sonny Sharrock

## Personnel
### Last Exit

* Peter Brötzmann – alto saxophone, bass saxophone, tenor saxophone, tárogató
* Ronald Shannon Jackson – drums, voice
* Bill Laswell – Fender 6-string bass
* Sonny Sharrock – guitar

### Technical personnel

* Robert Musso – producer
* Howie Weinberg – mastering

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| Germany | 1987 | Enemy | LP | EMY 105 |
| Japan | 1988 | Enemy | CD | 32JC-299 |
| Japan | 1988 | Enemy | LP | 28JAL-3156 |
| United States | 1988 | Celluloid | CD, LP | CEL 6140 |
| United States | 1995 | Enemy | CD | EMY 105-2 |
# Richard Tarrant

Richard Tarrant may refer to:
* R. J. Tarrant, American classicist
* Richard Tarrant (politician) (born 1942), American politician and businessman
* Richard "Dick" Tarrant (born 1930), American basketball coach
# Elvira Barney

Elvira Enid Barney (née Mullens; 22 January 1904 – 25 December 1936) was an English socialite and actress known professionally as Dolores Ashley. She was tried for the murder of her lover, Michael Scott Stephen, in 1932. The trial was widely reported by the British press. She was later found not guilty, but died four years later in a Paris hotel room.
Barney was part of the Bright Young Things group of socialites and aristocrats in the 1920s.

## Early life

Elvira Mullens was born on 22 January 1904, the daughter of Evelyne Maude Adamson (1874-1962) and stockbroker Sir John Ashley Mullens (1869–1937). Her younger sister Avril Joy Mullens married three times, including a short marriage to Ernest Aldrich Simpson, ex-husband of Wallis Simpson.
In 1924, Elvira attended Lady Benson's Drama Academy, studying under Constance Benson. During this time, she was engaged to Charles Patrick Graves. During the 1924–25 theatre season she appeared in The Blue Kitten at the Gaiety Theatre.
She met American singer John Sterling Barney at a party in 1927. They were married on 2 August 1928, but John Barney returned to America the following year.
In 1931, Elvira moved to 21 William Mews, Knightsbridge, London, sharing the home with Henry Mervyn Pearce. She later met Michael Scott Stephen while in Paris. He moved into the William Mews sometime before May 1932.

## Trial and aftermath

On 30 May 1932, Barney and Stephen hosted a dinner party at their home. Among the guests were Arthur Jeffress, Hugh Armigel Wade, Sylvia Coke, Denys Skeffington Smyth, Brian Howard, Anton Altmann, Irene MacBrayne, Arthur Streek, and Olivia Wyndham and her then-girlfriend Ruth Baldwin, a longtime companion of Joe Carstairs, and Edward Gathorne-Hardy. Barney, Stephen, and some of their guests then went to The Blue Angel, a private club on Dean Street. The following morning, Stephen died of bullet wounds and Barney was arrested and charged with murder.
Barney was defended at her trial by Sir Patrick Hastings, who portrayed her as the innocent party and a victim of little value. Wade and Jeffress gave testimony. Altmann, Howard, MacBrayne, Coke, Streek, Fester, and Skeffington-Smyth also gave statements, some of which were read in court.
The judge described Hastings' closing remarks as "certainly one of the finest speeches I have ever heard". Barney was found not guilty of murder and manslaughter, but she was convicted of possession of a firearm. The press reported on Barney boasting of killing Stephen at a celebration party following the verdict.
Barney's family disowned her and she moved to France. She was found dead in a Paris hotel room on 25 December 1936 after returning drunk the night before.

## Portrayals

Barney believed the profligate socialite Agatha Runcible in Evelyn Waugh's Vile Bodies was based on her. However, Runcible was a caricature of Elizabeth Ponsonby.
Barney was portrayed by the actress Nicola Duffett in Laugh Baby Laugh, a 1993 segment of the true crime TV series In Suspicious Circumstances.
# Beukeboom

Beukeboom is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Brett Beukeboom (born 1990), Canadian rugby union player
* Dion Beukeboom (born 1989), Dutch cyclist
* Jeff Beukeboom (born 1965), Canadian ice hockey player and coach
* Leo Beukeboom (1943–2017), Dutch signpainter and lettering artist
* Matt Beukeboom (born 1997), Canadian rugby union player
* Tyson Beukeboom (born 1991), Canadian rugby union player
# Gruenke

Gruenke may refer to:
* R v Gruenke, a leading Supreme Court of Canada case on privileged communications
* Bernard Gruenke, American stained glass artist
* B. Gunar Gruenke, American stained glass artist and grandson of the above
# Japanese escort ship CD-75

CD-75 was a C Type class escort ship (Kaibōkan) of the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Second World War.

## History

She was laid down by Nipponkai Zosensho K.K. at their Toyama shipyard on 5 April 1944, launched on 5 August 1944, and completed and commissioned on 21 April 1945. During the war CD-75 was mostly busy on escort duties.
On 18 June 1945, in Toyama Bay, the submarine USS Bonefish (SS-223) was sunk by the combined efforts of the escort ships CD-75, Okinawa, CD-63, CD-158 and CD-207.
On 10 August 1945, she departed from Wakkanai, Hokkaido, and soon after ran aground. She was scuttled by her crew off Nō, Niigata. Some sources indicate she may have struck a mine. On 30 November 1945, she was struck from the Navy List.
# Sundet (Hordaland)

Sundet is a very small bay along the Radfjorden in Alver Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is just north of the city of Bergen. The bay is located between the islands of Holsnøy and Radøy, along the small island of Bongno.
# Hazar

Hazar may refer to:

## People

* Hazar (name), including a list of people with the name

## Places

* Hazar, Turkmenistan
* Hazaran, or Hazar, a mountain in Iran
* Hesaruiyeh, or Hazar, Iran
* Lake Hazar, Turkey
* Hazar, Norway
# Cat's eye

Cat's eye and other variations may refer to:

## Nature

* Cat's Eye Nebula, a planetary nebula

### Biology

* Cat's eye, the visual organ of a cat; see cat senses
* Cat eye snail (Turbo castanea), or other species from the genus Turbo
* Cat's eye snail (Lunella smaragdus), a sea snail endemic to New Zealand
* Cat eye syndrome, a symptom of 'trisomy 22'

### Mineralogy and gemology

* Cymophane, sometimes called "cat's eye"; a variety of the mineral chrysoberyl
* Cat's eye effect, or chatoyancy, the reflective property of certain gems

## Arts and entertainment
### Literature

* Cat's Eye (novel), a 1988 novel by Margaret Atwood
* Catseye (novel), a 1961 science fiction novel by Andre Norton
* Catseye (comics), Sharon Smith, a character from Marvel Comics
* Cat's Eye (manga), a 1981 Japanese manga about three cat burglar sisters

### Film and TV

* Cat's Eye (1985 film), a film based on works by Stephen King
* Cat's Eye (1997 film), a live-action feature film based on the manga and anime
* C.A.T.S. Eyes, a UK television series
* "Cat's Eyes", a Series C episode of the television series QI (2005)

### Music

* Katseye, a Los Angeles-based girl group
* Cat's Eyes (band), a UK alternative pop duo
* "Cat's Eye", a 2016 song by South Korean boy group Astro
* "Cat's Eye" (song), a 1983 song by Anri, later covered by MAX

## Products

* Cat eye glasses, a style of horn-rimmed glasses designed for women
* Cat's eye (toy), a kind of toy marble
* Cat's Eye (cocktail), a gin-based cocktail
* Cat's eye (road), a type of road marker using retroreflectors
* Cat eye tube, an electron tube used as a visual indicator

## Other uses

* CatEye Inc., a Japanese company, manufacturer of bicycle lights and reflectors
# Richard Iton

Richard Iton (September 14, 1961 – April 21, 2013) was a professor of African American studies at Northwestern University, known for his work on the ways black popular culture forged community and affected politics.
Born in Montreal, Quebec, Iton attended Selwyn House School, Marianopolis College and McGill University (BA and MA). He obtained his PhD at Johns Hopkins University in 1994 and taught at the University of Toronto before joining the political science department at Northwestern.
Iton's first book, Solidarity Blues: Race, Culture and the American Left, won the Gustavus Meyer Outstanding Book Award in 2000. He is best known for his book In Search of the Black Fantastic: Politics and Popular Culture in the Post-Civil Rights Era (Oxford University Press, 2008), which won the Ralph Bunche Award of the American Political Science Association. He was working on a third book at the time of his death of leukemia.
# Emden Company

The Emden Company was a Prussian trading company which was established on 24 May 1751 to trade primarily with the city of Canton in China. Its full name was the Royal Prussian Asiatic Company in Emden to Canton and China (Königlich Preußische Asiatische Compagnie in Emden nach Canton und China), but it was generally known by the shorter name.
The company was made possible by the Prussian annexation of the port of Emden in 1744. This gave the Prussians a North Sea port. Frederick the Great established the company hoping to give Prussia a share of the valuable Asian trade similar to the British East India Company or the Dutch East India Company. There was great interest in the shares and 482 shares of 500 thaler (241,000 thaler in total) were subscribed on the day of foundation. One of the major shareholders was the banking and trading house Splitgerber & Daumin Berlin. The company had a capital of 861,000 thalers in 1752, distributed over 1,722 shares.
Although the small company was very successful, never losing any of its four ships, the business was destroyed by the outbreak of the Seven Years' War and the occupation of Emden by French troops in 1757 during the Invasion of Hanover. After the end of the war, Frederick dissolved the company in 1765.
# Beukers

Beukers is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Frits Beukers (born 1953), Dutch mathematician
* Nicole Beukers (born 1990), Dutch rower
* Petrus Beukers (1899–1981), Dutch sailor
# Simpang Empat, Kedah

Simpang Empat or Simpang Ampat is a small town in Kota Setar District, Kedah, Malaysia.
# Jankowicz

Jankowicz is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jan Jankowicz (1932–2019), Polish gymnast
* Nina Jankowicz (born 1988/1989), American researcher, author, and commentator specializing in disinformation
# Hissop, Alabama

Hissop is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Coosa County, Alabama, United States. Its population was 209 as of the 2020 census.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Hissop racial composition :
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 46 | 22.01% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 156 | 74.64% |
| Other/Mixed | 3 | 1.44% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 4 | 1.91% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 209 people, 203 households, and 80 families residing in the CDP.

## History

A post office was established as Hissop in 1880, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1990. The community was named after the biblical plant Ezov, usually translated as hyssop.
# Heinemann Vogelstein

Heinemann Vogelstein (February 13, 1841 - August 4, 1911) was a German rabbi and leader of Reform Judaism in Germany.

## Biography

Heinemann Vogelstein was born in Lippe on February 13, 1841, the son of Julie (née Adler) and Israel Vogelstein. In 1859, he began his studies at University of Wroclaw and then at the Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau where he received his PhD in 1865 (his thesis was entitled 'Die Alexandersage bei den Orientalen). In 1861, he became a member of the Hochschule für die Wissenschaft des Judentums.
He was rabbi in Pilsen (1868-1880) and Stettin (from 1880 until his death), founder and chairman (until his death) of the Vereinigung der liberalen Rabbiner (Union of Liberal Rabbis) and Deputy Chairman of the Vereinigung für das Liberale Judentum in Deutschland (Union for Liberal Judaism in Germany). From 1894 to 1896 he published a book of prayers in two volumes in which all references to Jewish nationalism had been eliminated.
As an opponent of Zionism he joined the protest movement in 1897 and published a pamphlet in 1906 entitled Der Zionismus, eine Gefahr für die gedeihliche Entwickelung des Judentums (Zionism, a Danger to the Prosperous Development of Judaism). In 1889, he wrote Kampf zwischen Priestern und Leviten seit den Tagen Ezechiels (Struggle between priests and the Levites since the days of Ezekiel).
In 1928, a street was named after him in Szczecin.

## Personal life

Vogelstein was the father of Hermann Vogelstein, Ludwig Vogelstein, Theodor Vogelstein, and Julie Braun-Vogelstein. He died on August 4, 1911, in St. Moritz.
# Cameron Rigby

Cameron Rigby (born 1 May 1978) is an Australian former professional basketball player.

## Early life

Rigby was born in Melbourne, Victoria, and played junior basketball at Diamond Valley Basketball Association.

## College career

Rigby played four seasons of college basketball in the United States, first for the Bradley Braves in 1996–97 before sitting out a season and then playing three years for the San Diego Toreros between 1998 and 2001.

## Professional career
### NBL

Rigby played seven seasons in the Australian National Basketball League (NBL) between 2001 and 2008. His first stint was with the Canberra Cannons (2001–03), then Hunter Pirates (2003–04), Wollongong Hawks (2004–05), West Sydney Razorbacks (2005–07), and then a final season back at Wollongong in 2007–08. He helped the Hawks reach the 2005 NBL Grand Final series and won the Hawks Most Improved team award that year.

### SEABL and Big V

Rigby played in the South East Australian Basketball League (SEABL) between 1999 and 2011. He also played in the Big V in 2002 for the Diamond Valley Eagles.
In 2004, Rigby helped the Dandenong Rangers win the SEABL Eastern Conference championship, averaging 18.8 points per game and claiming the Grand Final MVP. He claimed SEABL East Grand Final MVP again in 2005 despite his Mildura Mavericks losing to the Geelong Supercats. He was named to the All-SEABL East Conference team in 2008 with the Bendigo Braves.
# Melese quadripunctata

Melese quadripunctata is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Walter Rothschild in 1909. It is found in Peru.
# Catriona Kennedy

Catriona Kennedy is a senior lecturer at the University of York and director of the Center for Eighteenth Century Studies. Kennedy specialises in British and Irish history with research interests in the cultural history of war, politics, gender and national identity.
Kennedy was part of the expert panel for the discussion of the Gordon Riots on BBC Radio 4's In Our Time in May 2019.

## Selected publications

* Soldiering in Britain and Ireland, 1750-1850 : men of arms. Palgrave Macmillan. 2013. ISBN 9781137270870.
* Kennedy, C. (2013). Narratives of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars : military and civilian experience in Britain and Ireland. Palgrave Macmillan UK. ISBN 9780230275430.
# Richard Holder

Richard Holder (born March 17, 1974) is a Belizean visual artist and commercial photographer.

## About Richard Holder

Richard Holder is the grandson of award-winning local Kriol calypsonian Cleveland Berry and the son of Dr. Marla Berry-Holder, Ph.D., who was an active philanthropist and pioneer leader in Belize's citrus industry. Holder spent his early childhood in Trinidad and Tobago while his mother studied at the University of West Indies. He later grew up in the idyllic agricultural communities of Central Farm and Esperanza in the Cayo District of Western Belize.
At the age of seventeen, Holder undertook intensive study in the United States before returning to his homeland in 1999. During his early photography rendezvous, Holder soon realized that the camera was a way to create art faster than with a pen or a paintbrush, and an exciting means to explore light and color. Holder learned his craft at the University of North Texas (UNT) on the outskirts of Dallas. He graduated in 1997 with a BA in Photography and minor in English and Illustration. With a unique foundation as a fine art painter and a cartoonist that budded as a child, Holder immediately created a name for himself among his photography counterparts in Belize "alternately shocking and entertaining" his audience.
In 1999, upon his return to Belize, Holder's artistic nude photography of women was published in the Spanish edition of Penthouse. The following year, those images were featured in Holder's first solo exhibition titled, "Nude". His signature uninhibited style kept developing and ventured beyond the aesthetics of the female form. In subsequent solo exhibitions such as the controversial “WE” ( 1993 ), Holder produced large format light box images of homeless people taken in his studio. In 2009, The Image Factory Art Foundation and Gallery celebrated ten years of his fine art photography in Belize with a retrospective titled, "Decadence 1999–2009".
Commercially, Holder has established himself as a people photographer with subjects ranging from the happy couple enjoying a honeymoon in the tropics to the Prime Minister of Belize at his executive desk. Holder has become the premier photographer for the annual Belikin Beer Calendar produced by the country's only local and largest beer distributor. In 2010, he served as the Director of Photography for the national beauty pageant, The Next Miss Belize.

### R H Photo Limited

Richard Holder is the owner of R H Photo Ltd. – a modern photography company founded in 2004. The company started in 2000 as www.richardholder.com, which now showcases Holder's artistic creations and snippets of his local and international exhibitions. R H Photo Ltd. opened its first professional studio in the heart of downtown Belize City, a place that has served as inspiration for some of Holder's greatest street projects. In 2010, the company relocated to the outskirts of Belize City on the Northern Highway.
# Emden (crater)

Emden is a lunar impact crater that is located in the northern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. It is named after Jacob Robert Emden (1862-1940).
The crater lies to the northwest of the larger crater Rowland, and to the east-northeast of Tikhov. It has been heavily damaged by subsequent impacts, leaving the rim worn and irregular and the interior partly covered by craters. The western half of the rim in particular is heavily damaged, with almost the entire edge and inner wall covered by overlapping craters. The most prominent of these is a crater along the southern wall. There is a merged crater pair on the western part of the interior floor and a joined crater pair on the northeast floor. The most intact area of floor is in the southeast, although even here the surface is pitted by multiple tiny craterlets.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Emden.
| Emden | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| D | 64.4° N | 171.1° W | 47 km |
| F | 63.5° N | 171.1° W | 20 km |
| M | 61.3° N | 177.0° W | 25 km |
| U | 64.7° N | 177.9° E | 38 km |
| V | 65.8° N | 177.5° E | 35 km |
| W | 66.4° N | 178.3° E | 25 km |