OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Volgograd Oblast Football Championship

The Volgograd Oblast Football Championship (Чемпионат Волгоградской области по футболу) is an independent soccer league for teams in the Volgograd Oblast region of southern Russia. The league is nominally at the fifth level of the Russian football system, but there is no automatic promotion and relegation between it and the fourth-level Amateur Football League. Teams from the Amateur Football League can apply to join the Volgograd Oblast Championship and vice versa.
The league is currently home to former professional teams FC Tekstilshchik Kamyshin and FC Olimpia Volgograd, and a reserve team from the area's biggest club Rotor Volgograd. Past winners include FC Zvezda Gorodishche, FC Avangard Kamyshin and FC Tsement Mikhaylovka.
Matches are played between April and October.

## 2015 final table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | Pts |
| 1 | BIO Svetly Yar | 22 | 18 | 1 | 3 | 55 |
| 2 | Urozhai Yelan | 22 | 18 | 1 | 3 | 55 |
| 3 | FC Olimpia Volgograd | 22 | 15 | 2 | 5 | 47 |
| 4 | Alpha Volgograd | 22 | 15 | 0 | 7 | 45 |
| 5 | Dinamo Nikolayevsk | 22 | 14 | 2 | 6 | 44 |
| 6 | Volgograd | 22 | 11 | 3 | 8 | 36 |
| 7 | FC Tekstilshchik Kamyshin | 22 | 10 | 4 | 8 | 34 |
| 8 | CSP Volgograd | 22 | 7 | 3 | 12 | 24 |
| 9 | Rotor-2 Volgograd | 22 | 4 | 3 | 15 | 15 |
| 10 | Pyeresvyet Mikhaylovka | 21 | 3 | 2 | 16 | 11 |
| 11 | VKOR Volgograd | 21 | 1 | 4 | 16 | 7 |
| 12 | SDYuSShOR-4 Volzhskiy | 22 | 2 | 1 | 19 | 7 |
# Vysokaya

Vysokaya may refer to the following places in Russia:
* Vysokaya, Babushkinsky District, Vologda Oblast
* Vysokaya, Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky District, Vologda Oblast
* Vysokaya, Republic of Bashkortostan
* Vysokaya, Sokolsky District, Vologda Oblast
* Vysokaya, Velikoustyugsky District, Vologda Oblast
* Vysokaya, Vozhegodsky District, Vologda Oblast
* Mount Vysokaya, a mountain in Sverdlovsk Oblast
# Voluntary commitment

Voluntary commitment is the act or practice of choosing to admit oneself to a psychiatric hospital, or other mental health facility. Unlike in involuntary commitment, the person is free to leave the hospital against medical advice, though there may be a requirement of a period of notice or that the leaving take place during daylight hours. In some jurisdictions, a distinction is drawn between formal and informal voluntary commitment, and this may have an effect on how much notice the individual must give before leaving the hospital. This period may be used for the hospital to use involuntary commitment procedures against the patient. People with mental illness can write psychiatric advance directives in which they can, in advance, consent to voluntary admission to a hospital and thus avoid involuntary commitment.
In the UK, people who are admitted to hospital voluntarily are referred to either as voluntary patients or informal patients. These people are free to discharge against medical advice, unless it is felt that they are at immediate risk, then a doctor can use mental health law to hold people in the hospital for up to 72 hours. People who are detained by mental health law are referred to as formal patients.
In Europe, the treatment of mental illness became a health policy priority under the impetus of the World Health Organization Mental Health Plan for Europe elaborated in 2005. This plan promoted a more effective balance between inpatient hospital care and outpatient care through the development of community mental healthcare services. Since the 1970s, the majority of European countries have shifted away from institutionalised care in large mental hospitals to the integration of patients in their living environment through the provision of home and community care services. Germany, England, France and Italy deinstitutionalized psychiatric care in the second half of the 20th century, but the speed and methods by which it was implemented varied, notably due to differences in social and political contexts. In Italy, the reform movement took place a little later. Until the 1968 Mariotti Law introducing voluntary internment, admission into a psychiatric hospital was only by compulsory commitment and was entered in an individual's criminal records.

## Coercion

In some countries, voluntary patients are able to choose to decline treatment,$^{:327}$ but service users may feel the need to comply with treatment to avoid formal commitment and remain in inpatient treatment and can experience informal coercion and some research suggests some voluntary patients are involuntarily forced to undergo treatment.$^{:330}$ Voluntary patients are often not familiar with their legal rights or aware of their status.$^{:331}$
# Víctor Balaguer i Cirera

Víctor Balaguer i Cirera (Catalan pronunciation:; 11 December 1824 – 14 January 1901) was a Spanish politician and author, was born in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) on 11 December 1824, and was educated at the university of his native city.

## Biography

His first dramatic essay, Pepín el jorobado, was placed on the Barcelona stage when he was fourteen years of age, and at nineteen he was publicly "crowned" after the production of his second play, Don Enrique el Dadivoso. From 1843 to 1868 he was the chief of the Liberal party in Barcelona, and as proprietor and editor of El Conseller did much to promote the growth of Catalan patriotism. But it was not till 1857 that he wrote his first poem in Catalan--a copy of verses to the Virgin of Montserrat. He was the author of Historia de Cataluña y de la Corona de Aragón in 5 volumes (Barcelona: Salvador Manero, 1860–63).
Henceforward he frequently adopted the pseudonym of "Lo Trovador de Montserrat"; in 1859 he helped to restore the "Jocs Florals", and in 1861 was proclaimed mestre en gay saber. He was removed to Madrid, took a prominent part in political life, and in 1867 emigrated to Provence.
On the expulsion of Queen Isabella II of Spain, he returned to Spain, represented Manresa in the Cortes, and in 1871—1872 was successively Overseas and Finance minister. He resigned office at the restoration, but finally followed his party in rallying to the dynasty; he was appointed vice-president of Congress, and was subsequently a senator. He died at Madrid on 14 January 1901.
# Caiño tinto

Caíño tinto (also known as Borraçal in Portuguese) is a red Galician wine grape variety that is also grown in Portugal's Vinho Verde wine region where it is known as Borraçal. In Spain, it is a permitted variety in the Denominación de Origens (DOs) of Rías Baixas and Ribeiro where it produces highly perfumed wines with noticeable tartness and high acidity.

## Synonyms

Among the synonyms that have been used to describe Caiño tinto and its wines are Azedo, Bagalhal, Bogalhal, Borraco, Borrasao, Bougalhal, Bovvaco, Cainho Gordo, Cainho Grande, Cainho Grosso, Caiño Gordo, Caiño Grosso, Esfarrapa, Esfarrapas, Espadeiro Redondo, Morraça, Oeil de crapaud and Olho de Sapo.
# Saisonbeginn

The short story "Saisonbeginn" by Elisabeth Langgässer was published in 1947 as a part of the collection Der Torso. It deals with the antisemitism of the inhabitants of a small town that is revealed through the installation of a sign at the entrance to the town. The story is classified as Trümmerliteratur, or literature that was written shortly after the Second World War.
The main plot of the story deals with finding the best location for the sign. The story begins by describing a small mountain town preparing for the onset of the tourist season. Because the sign should serve as the first sight for all those entering the town, the workmen decide it should be placed next to the wooden crucifix. While the workmen are installing the sign, they are helped by schoolchildren, who happen to pass by. When the sign is finally in place, nuns, men and women come by to admire it. For most of them it makes no difference what the sign says; for others, it is a source of amusement.
At the end of the story the sign is standing firmly in the ground. The three workmen look at the sign and they are pleased, for on the sign they read, "In this town Jews are not wanted."

## Interpretations

The story describes not only the placement of the sign, but also the reactions of the residents who are not opposed to the placement of such sign.
Elisabeth Langgässer describes the town in an idyllic way, so that the contrast with the hate implied by the sign is especially emphasized. Another conflict that unfolds through this literary technique is that the town should be open to "everyone", whereas "Jews" are now unwanted.
The message of the sign is even more problematic because the workers want to place it right next to a crucifix. Jesus is bound to the crucifix and above him is an inscription "I.N.R.I." that in English means, "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews." It is notable that Christianity and its teaching of neighbourly love and charity no longer have a place in the town.

## The Motive of Antisemitism

The focus of this story lies in the reactions of the people to the sign and in their antisemitism. The sign should be a symbol of pride for the people, since it has been placed at the entrance of the town. On the sign is an antisemitic sentence; instead of saying something against it, the townspeople ignore it, and are unconcerned by it or are amused by it.
One can draw parallels from the life of Elisabeth Langgässer to this story; she was classified as half Jewish and her daughter was Jewish.
In "Saisonbeginn," Langgässer criticizes the double standard of the town residents, who by outward appearances are good Christians but at the same time discriminate against Jews.

## Literature

* P. Dormagen: Moderne Erzähler 2. Paderborn 1958.
* Axel Vieregg, in: Klassische deutsche Kurzgeschichten. Interpretationen. Hrsg. von Werner Bellmann. Reclam, Stuttgart 2004. S. 28-38.
# Elaine O'Neal (photographer)

Elaine O'Neil (born 1946) is an American fine art photographer. She studied at the Illinois Institute of Technology and earned her MS at the Rochester Institute of Technology in 1970. Her photographic works about the mother daughter relationship have received many awards including a National Endowment for the Arts Photography Fellowship, a New York Foundation for the Arts Fellowship, and a Massachusetts Council for the Arts Fellowship.
Her photographs have been exhibited at the Smithsonian American Art Museum; Howard Greenberg Gallery in New York; The George Eastman House, Rochester, NY; The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA; The Museum of Contemporary Photography, Chicago, IL; The Houston Center for Photography; The Metropolitan Museum of Photography in Tokyo; The Princeton University Art Museum, Princeton, NJ; and The Telfair Museum in Savannah,GA.
Her work is included in the collections of the Smithsonian American Art Museum; Museum of Fine Arts, Houston; Philadelphia Museum of Art; Eastman Museum; the Library of Congress; Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, DC; The New Orleans Museum of Art and the Museum of Contemporary Photography, Chicago, IL
In 2009, O'Neil published her monograph Mother Daughter Posing As Ourselves with RIT Press. She is also a respected educator, who has lectured and taught in Brazil, England, Israel, Australia, and throughout the United States. She was a faculty member at the School of the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, MA and later at the Rochester Institute of Technology in Rochester, NY.
# Searsport Terminal

Searsport Terminal is a port in Searsport, Maine. Searsport provides tanker offloading and temporary storage services for crude oil transportation. The terminal is also home to the beginning for the Searsport-Loring Pipeline.
# Urawa Nishi High School

Saitama Prefectural Urawa Nishi High School (埼玉県立浦和西高等学校, Saitama Kenritsu Urawanishi Kōtō Gakkō), often shortened to Nishikō (西高) is a public high school in Saitama City, Saitama Prefecture, Japan. It is one of the few public schools in the prefecture that does not have a school uniform.
Until the 1970s, the school enjoyed prestigious position after Urawa High School and Urawa Ichijo High School. During the 80s and 90s, it was known as one of the best public schools and sent its alumni to the best universities in Japan, such as Tokyo University. Many applicants to the school are attracted by the no-school-uniform policy and by the liberal atmosphere that encourages students' independence.

## Location

The school is located in Urawa-ku, Saitama City and situated in a quiet residential area behind the idyllic scene of Minuma. The closest train station, JR Yono Station, is within 20 minutes walking distance, 1.7 kilometers.

## History

In 1934, Urawanishi High School was founded as a female school called Urawa Daini Kōtō Jogakkō (浦和第二高等女学校). The school changed its name to Urawa Daini Joshi Kōtō Gakkō (浦和第二女子高等学校) in 1948. In 1950, Educational Reform abolished the prior policy and restarted the school as a coed institution with the current school name, Urawanishi High School. During this period, the institution was located at the western part of Urawa-ku (former Urawa City). In 1956, the school moved to its current site, but did not change its name (which literally means Urawa Western High School), although it no longer reflected its location.

## Extracurricular activities

Urawanishi's 22 varsity athletic teams and 23 other clubs offer a wide range of opportunities for extracurricular activities. In the past, the school was known for its Soccer Team, which won the national title twice in 1956 and 1965. In recent years, Japanese Archery Team and Basketball Team have won many titles at the prefectural and regional levels.

## Notable alumni

* Asa Higuchi, manga artist
* Akira Nishino, soccer player
* Ryozo Suzuki, soccer player
* Sakura Tsukuba, manga artist
* Sumika Yamamoto, manga artist
* Toshiaki Imai, soccer player
# Gaetano Cossa

Archbishop Gaetano Cossa, C.R. (died 1657) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Otranto (1635–1657).

## Biography

Gaetano Cossa was ordained a priest in the Congregation of Clerics Regular of the Divine Providence. On 28 February 1633, he was selected as Archbishop of Otranto and confirmed on 7 May 1635 by Pope Urban VIII. On 13 May 1635, he was consecrated bishop by Francesco Maria Brancaccio, Cardinal-Priest of Santi XII Apostoli, with Giacomo Theodoli, Bishop of Forlì and Alessandro Suardi, Bishop of Lucera, serving as co-consecrators. He served as Archbishop of Otranto until his death in 1655 or 1657.
# San José de las Lajas

San José de las Lajas is a municipality and the capital city of the newly formed Mayabeque Province of Cuba, after the segmentation of La Habana Province in 2011. It is located in the center north of the province, and is bisected by the Carretera Central.
It was founded in 1778.

## Geography

The municipality includes the villages of Jamaica, Liberación, Tapaste, Pedro Pi, El Perú, Valle del Perú, Morales, Ganuza, Zaragoza, Nazareno, Comunidad Nazareno, El Volcán, La Ruda, Managuaco and San Antonio de las Vegas.
In the municipality there are 7 consejos populares ("popular councils") which include the main town of San José de las Lajas split into Sur ("south") and Norte ("north") and San Antonio de las Vegas, Nazareno, Jamaica, Tapaste, and Zaragoza.

## Demographics

In 2022, the municipality of San José de las Lajas had a population of 81,261. The city proper has 37,000 inhabitants. With a total area of 591 km$^2$ (228 sq mi), it has a population density of 117.4/km$^2$ (304/sq mi).

## Economy

San José is the most important economical hub of Mayabeque Province with important industries (metallurgic, mechanical, electrical, building materials, chemical, rum) and a well-developed farming sector.

## Science and Education

This municipality hosts the Agrarian University of Havana as well as important country level scientific institutions of the agricultural sciences: CENSA (National Center of Animal Healthcare), ICA (Institute of Animal Science) and INCA (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences), forming together the core of the so named "Havana East Scientific Pole"

## Transport

San José counts a railway station, on the Havana-Güines line, served by a line of the Havana Suburban Railway. It is crossed in the middle by the Carretera Central (CC) highway and is served by 2 exits of the A1 motorway. The southwestern area of the municipality, nearby San Antonio de las Vegas, is served by the A3 motorway.

## Sports

The baseball stadium "Nelson Fernández" was the venue of the La Habana baseball team Vaqueros (Cowboys) which was the national champion in the 2008-2009 campaign. From 2011, it became the home of the new team Huracanes de Mayabeque.
# Gallaudet Hydroplane

The Gallaudet Hydroplane (a.k.a. Gallaudet Wing-Warping Kite or Hydro-Bike) is an early aircraft employing the use of wing-warping for roll control.

## Development

The Gallaudet Hydroplane was built in Norwich, Connecticut, by Edson Fessenden Gallaudet. The principle of wing-warping was independently applied to this kite/aircraft/glider several years before the Wright Brothers applied it to their Wright Flyer. (along with Jean-Marie LeBris, John J. Montgomery, Clement Ader, D.D. Wells, and Hugo Mattullath). The Wrights later applied for a patent on wing-warping, which led to the widespread use of the aileron control method to avoid the Wright's airplane patents. Gallaudet generically employed the name hydroplane to many of his future seaplane designs. In 1908, Gallaudet would form the Gallaudet Engineering Company, (later the Gallaudet Aircraft Corporation). Later hydroplane models were built for the United States Navy.

## Design

The 1897 Gallaudet Hydroplane glider featured twin floats, a central pyramidal support frame, and flexible wooden wing ribs (employing wing warping) with fabric-covering.
In 1913, Gallaudet filed U.S. Patent# 1,214,536 for the Hydroplane. The single-place open cockpit aircraft featured most of the engine enclosed in the fuselage. The fuselage tapered upwards to the rear with a small attached rudder. A single landing wheel protruded partially from the center of the fuselage for ground landings.

## Operational history

The Gallaudet Hydroplane was on display at the East Hall of the Arts and Industries Building of the Smithsonian Museum.
Test flights for later hydroplanes built for U.S. Navy acceptance were performed at Gales Ferry, Connecticut in 1916.

## Specifications (Hydroplane)

Data from Smithsonian
General characteristics
* Length: 7 ft (2.1 m)
* Wingspan: 11 ft 6 in (3.51 m)
* Height: 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m)
* Gross weight: 25 lb (11 kg)
Performance
# Samuel Zierler

Samuel Zierler (1895–1964) was an American film producer of the silent and early sound era. As well as working for various studios, in the late 1920s he controlled his own production company, Excellent Pictures. His final film work was for RKO Pictures in 1933.

## Filmography

* Cordelia the Magnificent (1923)
* The Woman of Bronze (1923)
* A Wife's Romance (1923)
* A Man of Quality (1926)
* Striving for Fortune (1926)
* The Broadway Drifter (1927)
* The Winning Oar (1927)
* Your Wife and Mine (1927)
* His Rise to Fame (1927)
* Broadway Madness (1927)
* A Bowery Cinderella (1927)
* Back to Liberty (1927)
* The Nest (1927)
* Satan and the Woman (1928)
* The Stronger Will (1928)
* Women Who Dare (1928)
* Inspiration (1928)
* A Bit of Heaven (1928)
* Making the Varsity (1928)
* Manhattan Knights (1928)
* The Speed Classic (1928)
* Into No Man's Land (1928)
* Passion Song (1928)
* Life's Crossroads (1928)
* Broken Barriers (1928)
* Confessions of a Wife (1928)
* The Clean Up (1929)
* The Dream Melody (1929)
* One Splendid Hour (1929)
* Montmartre Rose (1929)
* Daughters of Desire (1929)
* The Talk of Hollywood (1929)
* The Costello Case (1930)
* She Got What She Wanted (1930)
* Hell Bound (1931)
* Women Go on Forever (1931)
* Command Performance (1931)
* Salvation Nell (1931)
* Men Are Such Fools (1932)
* Tomorrow at Seven (1933)
* Racetrack (1933)
* Goodbye Love (1933)
* Sailor Be Good (1933)
# San Frediano, Pisa

San Frediano is a Romanesque-style Roman Catholic church in Pisa, Tuscany, Italy. It now functions as the official church of the University of Pisa.

## History

Its existence is documented as early as 1061. Founded by the family Buzzaccherini-Sismondi and originally dedicated to Saint Martin, it once had a hospital annexed to it.
The Romanesque façade, dating to the early 12th-century shows some of the typical features of the Pisan Romanesque style, such as the blind arcades, the lozenges and the use of bichrome stones (present also in the city's cathedral). The upper section is crowned by a large mullioned window.
The interior, despite being damaged by fire in 1675, has maintained the original basilica plan with a central nave and two aisles. The marble columns have capitals decorated with Romanesque-style sculpted figures. It houses a rare wooden cross painted on a gilded panel and titled the Crucifix and Histories of the Passion (12th century), several Baroque altars and a few 17th-century paintings by Ventura Salimbeni (Annunciation and Nativity), Aurelio Lomi (Adoration of the Magi), as well as frescoes by Domenico Passignano. The frescoes of the dome were completed by Rutilio Manetti.
The sturdy bell tower is in brickwork.
# Samantha Murphy

Samantha Murphy may refer to:
* Samantha Leshnak Murphy (born 1997), American soccer player
* Disappearance of Samantha Murphy
# San Pedro del Gallo

San Pedro del Gallo is a city and seat of the municipality of San Pedro del Gallo, in the state of Durango, north-western Mexico. As of 2010, the town had a population of 634.
The site was founded as a Spanish presidio in 1685, in response to the Pueblo Revolt of 1680.
# San Diego Fighter Wing

The San Diego Fighter Wing is a disbanded United States Air Force unit. The wing provided air defense of southern California and trained fighter units and pilots. It was stationed at San Diego, California, where it was disbanded on 7 June 1944.

## History

Along the Pacific coast, Western Defense Command established a "vital air defense zone", extending from the coast approximately 150 miles (240 km) inland and 200 miles (320 km) to sea. To carry out this mission, Fourth Air Force organized regional air defense wings in August 1942. Only one squadron of Army Air Forces fighters were attached to the wing, with most tactical elements drawn from the Navy.

## Lineage

* Constituted as the San Diego Air Defense Wing on 6 August 1942
    Activated on 11 August 1942
    Redesignated San Diego Fighter Wing in July 1943
    Disbanded on 7 June 1944

### Assignments

* IV Fighter Command, 11 August 1942
* Fourth Air Force, 31 March 1944 – 7 June 1944

### Stations

* San Diego, California, 20 August 1942 – 7 June 1944
# Garač

Garač (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Гарач) is a mountain in central Montenegro, overlooking the city of Danilovgrad from the southwest. Its highest peak, Milunova bobija, is 1,436 meters high. Despite its relatively small height, its shape and prominence of circa 1400 meters, rising above the Zeta River Valley and Bjelopavlići, earned it the nickname "Montenegrin Kilimanjaro".
It is built of marble, limestone and dolomite, and its steep slopes are subject to erosion. The southern slopes are covered with forest, while the northern slopes are mostly barren.

## Peaks

Five highest peaks of Garač are:
* Milunova bobija 1,436 m (4,711 ft)
* Kaluđerova bobija 1,423 m (4,669 ft)
* Šćepanova bobija 1,375 m (4,511 ft)
* Viti krš 1,361 m (4,465 ft)
* Uljanik 1,234 m (4,049 ft)
# Garb

Garb may refer to:
* Clothing
* Garb, a wheat sheaf (agriculture) in heraldry