OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Repton (1983 video game)

Repton is a Defender-inspired scrolling shooter written by Dan Thompson and Andy Kaluzniacki for the Apple II and published by Sirius Software in 1983. It was ported to the Atari 8-bit computers, and Commodore 64.

## Gameplay

The player controls a fighter ship sent to stop a fleet of invading aliens from building an attack base on the planet Repton. The ship is equipped with lasers and a limited number of nukes that can destroy all enemies on the screen. The player can use an invulnerable shield for defense, but cannot steer or fire while it is up. If the player puts the shield up while moving, the ship will coast to a stop. In addition, a radar screen indicates the location of enemies on the planet surface.
Each level of the game is played in two parts. During the surface attack, the player fights enemies in order to delay the construction of the base. "Warning" messages indicate that a fresh wave of enemies is arriving, while an "Alert" tells of an attempt to siphon energy from the planet. If the player can fly through the enemy's energy beam in time, then pass through a charging station, the energy will be returned to the planet; otherwise, it will go into building the base.
Once the base is completed, the planet's defenses trigger a bomb that destroys the entire surface and the action shifts to the caverns, where the radar does not function. Here, the player must dodge enemy attacks and eventually destroy the base's power core, after which the next level begins with increased difficulty.

## Reception

Softline in 1983 called Repton "the latest in ultra-fast action arcade games", praising its "faultless animation". Video reviewed the Apple II version of the game in its "Arcade Alley" column where it was described as "pure excitement from start to finish", noting that extra features enhance gaming experience. Reviewers praised the game's "finely detailed graphics" and noted that "action is [its] hallmark".$^{:29}$ Ahoy! in 1984 gave Repton grades of B for graphics and C+ for gameplay. The magazine stated that the game "offered nothing new", and to only buy it if looking for "a definitive Defender-like shoot-em-up". Jerry Pournelle wrote in BYTE that despite disliking the Apple version of Repton, "I find myself wasting more time than I should on the Atari version". The Commodore 64 Home Companion stated that the game had "excellent visuals". Repton received a Certificate of Merit in the "1984 Computer Game of the Year" category at the 5th annual Arkie Awards.$^{:28}$

## Legacy

In 2011, Kaluzniacki released a version of Repton for the iPhone. It uses high-resolution visuals instead of pixel art, which Jeff Minter criticized for losing the flavor of the original.
# Regular Division of the Plane

Regular Division of the Plane is a series of drawings by the Dutch artist M. C. Escher which began in 1936. These images are based on the principle of tessellation, irregular shapes or combinations of shapes that interlock completely to cover a surface or plane.
The inspiration for these works began in 1936 with a visit to the Alhambra, a fourteenth-century Moorish castle near Granada, Spain. Escher had visited the Alhambra once before in 1922 but in this visit he had spent several days studying and sketching the ornate tile designs there.
In 1958 Escher published his book The Regular Division of the Plane. This book included several woodcut prints to demonstrate the concept, but the series of drawings continued until the late 1960s, ending at drawing #137. While not Escher's most artistically important works, some of these patterns are among Escher's most famous, having been used for a number of commercial products, including neckties.

## Sources

* 1 2 Locher, J.L. (2000). The Magic of M. C. Escher. Harry N. Abrams, Inc. ISBN 0-8109-6720-0.
* ↑ Schattschneider, Doris (2004). M. C. Escher: Visions of Symmetry. Harry N. Abrams, Inc. ISBN 0-8109-4308-5.
vteTessellation :
By vertex type :
# Return to Action

Return to Action is a 1990 Hong Kong action film produced and directed by Chen Kuan-tai and starring Alex Man, Rosamund Kwan, Mark Cheng, Shing Fui-On and Chen himself in a supporting role.

## Plot

Chan Wan-sing (Chen Kuan-tai) has retired from the underworld for many years and often inculcates his son Wah (Mark Cheng), hoping that his son will not step into his footsteps. However, Wah had secretly colluded with Mad Man (Shing Fui-On) in dealing with illegal business. While on the other hand, Chan greatly cares for his adopted daughter Joey (Rosamund Kwan) as if she was his biological child and is also very proud of Joey's husband, police inspector Man Yung-keung (Alex Man) of the Regional Unit of Hong Kong.
Man's superiors assign him to assist Interpol officer Ms. Hon (Lee Siu-man), who has come to Hong Kong to investigate smuggling case, and ensure her safety. However, Ms. Hon disapproves of the Hong Kong Police and starts the operation by herself, where she was captured and murdered by Wah.
When Joey brings her students to visit her brother's shipyard, she notices a female corpse in photo that was taken during the visit. When she questions Wah about the corpse, he denies it and destroys the photo. To repay Chan's favor of raising her, Joey did not bring this matter up with Man. However, this decision has led her to a fatal disaster when Wah brings Mad Man to ask her for the negative of the photo. When she refused, Wah accidentally kills her. After Joey died, the negative had unexpectedly fallen into the hands of Man. In order to avenge Joey, Man teams up with Chan to find Wah and Mad Man. During an intense battle, Chan punishes his own relations in the cause of justice, and shoots his son dead in order to save Man.

## Cast

* Alex Man as Man Yung-keung
* Rosamund Kwan as Joey Chan
* Mark Cheng as Wah
* Shing Fui-On as Mad Man
* Chen Kuan-tai as Chan Wan-sing
* Lee Yiu-man as Ms. Hon
* Eliza Yue
* Kenneth Tsang as Officer Ng
* Cheng Kang-yeh as Suspect in police station
* Yue Tau-wan as Cross-eyed cop
* Dion Lam as On
* Tai Po as Man's informer (cameo)
* Lo Lieh as Prisoner (cameo)
* Wilson Tong as Prisoner (cameo)
* Wong Chi-wai as Mad Man's bodyguard
* Yat Poon-chai as Rocky
* Chan Chik-wai as Yip
* Thomas Sin as Prisoner
* Mai Kei as Suspect in police station
* Chow Mei-fung
* Sin Kwai-chi
* Gabriel Wong as Joey's student
* Yu Mo-lin as Mother scolding her kid
* Leung Wing-yim
* Chang Sing-kwong as Bodyguard
* Chung Wing as Prisoner
* Chow Chi-hung as Bodyguard
* Lee Yiu-king as Guard
* Lau Shung-fung
* Lung Ying
* Fei Pak
* Ling Chi-hung

## Reception
### Critical

So Good Reviews gave the film a mixed review and writes "Standard and rather cheaply made, Chen Kuan-tai nonetheless delivers the beats of the narrative fairly well."

### Box office

The film grossed HK$2,340,415 at the Hong Kong box office during its theatrical run from 29 March to 4 April 1990 in Hong Kong.
# Remse

Remse is a municipality in the district of Zwickau in Saxony in Germany. Remse is located 2 miles north of Glauchau. Two federal highway cross the municipality. Besides that the federal Autobahn A4 is accessible from south of town.

## Neighborhood Communities

Neighborhood municipalities are Oberwiera and Schönberg as well as Meerane, Glauchau and Waldenburg.
They municipality constists of five villages, the eponymous Remse and Weidensdorf, Kleinchursdorf, Kertzsch und Oertelshain.
The potato processing plant near Weidensdorf is the largest company in Remsa.
# Remsen

Remsen may refer to:

## Places in the United States

* Remsen, Iowa, a community in Plymouth County
* Remsen, New York, a town in Oneida County
* Remsen (village), New York, a village located within the town of Remsen
* Remsen, New Jersey, a town located in Woodbridge township

## People with the surname

* Bert Remsen (1925–1999), American actor
* Ira Remsen, the discoverer of saccharin
* James Van Remsen Jr. (1949–), American ornithologist
# Resident Commissioner, Trincomalee Dockyard

The Resident Commissioner at Trincomalee, also known as the Resident Commissioner of the Navy at Trincomalee, was chief representative of the Navy Board based at Trincomalee Dockyard. He was senior official of the yard responsible for the supervision of the principal officers of the yard from 1810 to 1832.

## Duties

The resident commissioner was responsible for superintending all the officers, artificers and labourers employed at the yard. He controlled all payments to staff and examined their accounts. In addition he contracted and drew down bills on behalf of the Navy Office to supply shortfalls in naval stores levels.

## Office Holders

* 1810–1816, Captain Peter Puget.
* 1818–1822, Captain Clotworthy Upton.
# Fahud Airport

Fahud (IATA: FAU, ICAO: OOFD) is an airport serving the town and petroleum facility of Fahud in Oman. The airport is in the desert 3 kilometres (2 mi) northwest of the town.
The Fahud VOR-DME (Ident: FHD) and non-directional beacon (Ident: FHN) are located on the field.
# Farida Haddouche

Farida Haddouche (born 1959 in Algiers) is a female politician in Algeria; she is Secretary General of the Front Party of National Liberation.
# Reichenbach (Zahme Gera)

Reichenbach is a river of Thuringia, Germany. It flows into the Zahme Gera near Plaue.
# Resto (disambiguation)

A resto is a rest area.
Resto may also refer to:
* Luis Resto (disambiguation)
* Resto Cal lookers, modified Volkswagen Beetles
# Rhabdoena

Rhabdoena is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Enidae.
The species of this genus are found in Aegean Sea.
Species:
* Rhabdoena armenica (Nägele, 1903)
* Rhabdoena cosensis (Reeve, 1849)
* Rhabdoena gosteliae Gümüş & Neubert, 2012
* Rhabdoena gostelii Gümüs & Neubert, 2012
* Rhabdoena mirifica (Bank & Menkhorst, 1992)
* Rhabdoena stokesi (Boettger, 1885)
* Rhabdoena zasiensis (Bank & Menkhorst, 1992)
# Restriction endonuclease BsobI/AvaI

In molecular biology, the restriction endonuclease BsobI/AvaI family of enzymes includes the AvaI and BsoBI restriction endonucleases from Anabaena variabilis and Bacillus stearothermophilus, both of which recognise the double-stranded sequence CYCGRG (where Y = T/C, and R = A/G) and cleave after C-1.
# Rhipiliopsis

Rhipiliopsis is a genus of green algae in the family Rhipiliaceae. Johnson-sea-linkia is a synonym.

## Morphology

According to Algaebase as described by Kraft (1986), the thallus height ranges from less than 5 mm to above 7 cm, non-calcified and the prostrate rhizome or digitate processes within the substratum gives rise to the blade and stalk system. The fronds are monostromatic or polystromatic having irregularly lanceolate or regularly to excentrically peltate, with siphons dichotomously branched and generally equally constricted above dichotomy. A somewhat differentiated cortex was observed on upper and lower surfaces of fronds and scattered spines occur on blade siphons for the two species with thickest blade. The stalks can be monosiphonous or multisiphonous where monosiphonous stalks are smooth, or variously covered with spinous processes. The constituent siphons cohere at scattered and isolated points by circular rings of wall thickening at tips of lateral papillae or foreshortened blade-siphon dichotomies. Heteroplastic, except possibly for Johnson-Sea-Linkia, with ovoid chloroplasts and larger reniform amyloplasts.
Additional description was provided by Lagourgue and Payri in which Rhipiliopsis described as much smaller in size and more delicate than Rhipilia species and the papillae are less developed than the tenacula of Rhipilia but give a cohesive and net-like appearance to the blade. Rhipiliopsis species are characterized of a mono- or multisiphonous stipe and a mono- or pluristromatic blade (flabellate, peltate, or cyathiform).

## Distribution

Rhipiliopsis distribution based on Algaebase is predominantly tropical, with most species known only from type and limited ranges. This coincides with the study of Lagourgue and Payri (2021) on Rhipileae and Rhipiliopsideae where, Rhipiliopsis have a pantropical distribution and none of the species they studied appeared to be cosmopolitan; instead, they have restricted distributions.
Recorded collections of the genus were observed in the western and southwestern Pacific Ocean and Australia and in the Philippines. Two species are endemic to temperate coasts of southern Australia (R. peltata and R. robusta).

## Ecology

The genus were observed to grow commonly in low, intertidal to shallow subtidal rocky habitats on wave-exposed temperate area. The vertical growth ranges from the low intertidal to 153m. Littler and Littler (1994) reported that the deepest occurring fleshy upright alga (that can be found attached to bedrock at a depth of 210m is Rhipiliopsis profunda.

## Life history

Reproduction is unreported in all but type species which has been illustrated with single ovoid to pyriform, stalked zooidangia borne singly and laterally on medullary siphons.
Exploitation/harvesting/cultivation: No recorded data of cultivation
Chemical composition/natural products chemistry. Unlike other green seaweeds (Ulva and Caulerpa), the biological activities of the genus Rhipiliopsis are still unexplored.
Utilization and management: Currently, no identified utilization.
# Retable

A retable is a structure or element placed either on or immediately behind and above the altar or communion table of a church. At the minimum, it may be a simple shelf for candles behind an altar, but it can also be a large and elaborate structure. A retable which incorporates sculptures or paintings is often referred to as an altarpiece.
According to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus Online, "A 'retable' is distinct from a 'reredos'; while the reredos typically rises from ground level behind the altar, the retable is smaller, standing either on the back of the altar itself or on a pedestal behind it. Many altars have both a reredos and a retable." This distinction is not always upheld in common use, and the terms are often confused or used as synonyms. In several foreign languages, such as French (also using 'retable'), the usage is different, usually equating the word with the English 'reredos' or 'altarpiece', and this often leads to confusion and incorrect usage in translated texts. The Medieval Latin retrotabulum (modernized retabulum) was applied to an architectural feature set up at the back of an altar, and generally taking the form of a screen framing a picture, carved or sculptured work in wood or stone, or mosaic, or of a movable feature such as the Pala d'Oro in St Mark's Basilica, Venice, of gold, jewels and enamels. The non-English word "retable" therefore often refers to what should in English be called a reredos. The situation is further complicated by the frequent modern addition of free-standing altars in front of the old integrated altar, to allow the celebrant to face the congregation, or be closer to it.
Dossal is another term that may overlap with both retable and reredos; today it usually means an altarpiece painting rising at the back of the altar to which it is attached, or a cloth usually hanging on the wall directly behind the altar.
The cognate Spanish term, retablo, refers also to a reredos or retrotabulum, although in the specific context of Mexican folk art, it may refer to any two-dimensional depiction (usually a framed painting) of a saint or other Christian religious figure, as contrasted with a bulto, a three-dimensional statue of same.
The retable may hold the altar cross, mostly in Protestant churches, as well as candles, flowers and other things.
# Restrepia lansbergii

    Restrepia lansbergii Hook. is a synonym of Restrepia muscifera.
Restrepia lansbergii is a species of orchid found from northwestern Venezuela to north-central Peru.
* Media related to Restrepia lansbergii at Wikimedia Commons
* Data related to Restrepia lansbergii at Wikispecies
* This Epidendreae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Research and Development Efficiency Act

The Research and Development Efficiency Act (H.R. 5056) is a bill that would instruct the Office of Science and Technology Policy to establish a working group under the authority of the National Science and Technology Council to review federal regulations affecting research and research universities and make recommendations on how to streamline them and reduce the regulatory burden on such researchers.
The bill was introduced and passed in the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

## Background

The National Science Board conducted a survey that found that an average of 42 percent of a federal research grant recipient's time is spent on administrative tasks.

## Provisions of the bill

According to a description from Rep. Ed Royce (R-CA), the bill "establishes a working group to review federal regulations affecting research universities in order to eliminate redundant and duplicative federal regulation."

## Procedural history

The Research and Development Efficiency Act was introduced into the United States House of Representatives on July 10, 2014 by Rep. Larry Bucshon (R, IN-8). It was referred to the United States House Committee on Science, Space and Technology. On July 14, 2014, the House voted to pass the bill in a voice vote.

## Debate and discussion

The Association of American Universities (AAU) supported the bill, arguing that the legislation "can lead to a long-needed reduction in the regulatory burden currently imposed on universities and their faculty members who conduct research on behalf of the federal government." According to the AAU, "too often federal requirements" for accounting for federal grant money "are ill-conceived, ineffective, and/or duplicative." This wastes the researchers' times and "reduces the time they can devote to discovery and innovation and increases institutional compliance costs."
Rep. Lamar Smith supported the bill, saying that it was "an important step to ensure federal research dollars are being spent on research and not on regulatory requirements."
Rep. Bucshon, who introduced the bill, said that his goal is "to alleviate some of the burden placed on our research universities so they can get back to their main goal of conducting basic science research."
# Retroviral ribonuclease H

The retroviral ribonuclease H (retroviral RNase H) is a catalytic domain of the retroviral reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme. The RT enzyme is used to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) from the retroviral RNA genome. This process is called reverse transcription. To complete this complex process, the retroviral RT enzymes need to adopt a multifunctional nature. They therefore possess 3 of the following biochemical activities: RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, ribonuclease H, and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities. Like all RNase H enzymes, the retroviral RNase H domain cleaves DNA/RNA duplexes and will not degrade DNA or unhybridized RNA.

## Structure

Although the RT structures from human, murine and avian retroviruses display different subunits, the relative sizes, orientation and connection of the DNA polymerase and RNase H domains are strikingly similar. The RNase H domain occupies ~25% of the RT protein C-terminal. The DNA polymerase domain occupies ~55% of the RT protein N-terminal. The RNase H domains of MMLV and HIV-1 RT enzymes are structural very similar to the Escherichia coli and Bacillus halodurans RNases H as well as to human RNaseH1. In general, the folded structures of retroviral RNase H domains take the form of 5-stranded mixed beta sheets flanked by four alpha helices in an asymmetric distribution. A notable difference between the various RNase H proteins is the presence or absence of the C-helix (present in E. coli, MLV and human RNases H, absent in HIV-1, B. halodurans and ASLV RNases H), a positively charged alpha helix also referred to as the basic loop or protrusion. It is believed to have a role in substrate binding.

## Function

During reverse transcription of the viral genomic RNA into cDNA, an RNA/DNA hybrid is created. The RNA strand is then hydrolyzed by the RNase H domain to enable synthesis of the second DNA strand by the DNA polymerase function of the RT enzyme. In addition, retroviral virions package a single tRNA molecule that they use as a primer during reverse transcription of the viral genomic RNA. The retroviral RNase H is needed to digest the tRNA molecule when it is no longer needed. These processes happen in a Mg2+ dependent fashion.
Retroviral RNases H cleave their substrates through 3 different modes:
* sequence-specific internal cleavage of RNA [1-4]. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and Moloney murine leukemia virus enzymes prefer to cleave the RNA strand one nucleotide away from the RNA-DNA junction.
* RNA 5'-end directed cleavage 13-19 nucleotides from the RNA end.
* DNA 3'-end directed cleavage 15-20 nucleotides away from the primer terminus.
The two end-directed modes are unique to the retroviral RNases H because of a number of effects of the associated polymerase domain of retroviral RT. In the more universal internal cleavage mode, the RNases H behave as typical endonucleases and cleave the RNA along the length of a DNA / RNA hybrid substrate in the absence of any ‘end’ effects.
# Retrovirus direct repeat 1 (dr1)

The direct repeat 1 (dr1) element is an RNA element commonly found in the 3' UTR of Avian sarcoma, Rous sarcoma and Avian leukosis viruses (Alpharetroviruses and Avian type C retroviruses). dr1 is required for efficient viral replication and is thought to be involved in genomic RNA packaging although this may not be its only role.
# Faust in der Tasche

"Faust in der Tasche" (Fist in the pocket) is a song by Die Toten Hosen, performed under the alias Ricky Curl and the Standing Ovations. It's the only single and the first track from the EP The Battle of the Bands.
The song is narrated by a man, whose girlfriend has left him to date another guy. The narrator is pissed, because he sees them together all the time and it makes him sick.

## Track listing

* "Faust in der Tasche" (Frege, von Holst/Frege) – 3:55 (as Ricky Curl and the Standing Ovations)
* "La historia del pescador Pepe" (The story of Pepe the fisherman [in Spanish]) (Breitkopf, Frege, von Holst, Meurer, Trimpop/Frege) – 3:17 (as Die Flinger Domspatzen)
# Callambulyx kitchingi

Callambulyx kitchingi is a species of moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from China.
# Edgar Tristram Thompson

Edgar Tristram Thompson (September 13, 1900 – April 22, 1989) was born in Dillon, South Carolina in 1900. He was raised on his father's small plantation right at the border of North and South Carolina. He would eventually become an authority on the historical sociology of the plantation and its role in shaping European colonization of the New World. He studied sociology at the University of Chicago under Robert Park.
His doctoral dissertation, entitled The Plantation, helped to redirect research on the plantation away from climatic and racial theories.
Thompson later taught sociology at Duke University in North Carolina from 1937 until 1970.
# Shiv Sangram

Shiv Sangram is a Maratha organization led by Vinayak Mete. It is a part of the Bharatiya Janata Party-led National Democratic Alliance, and fielded its candidates on four seats in the 2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election; the candidates fought on the BJP symbol.
# Stephen S. Norton

Stephen Seymour Norton ((1877-10-13)October 13, 1877 in Palmyra, New York – (1951-03-14)March 14, 1951 in Los Angeles, California) was an American cinematographer.

## Filmography

* The Silent Command (1915)
* Where Are My Children? (1916)
* Shoes (1916)
* The Double Room Mystery (1917)
* '49–'17 (1917)
* A Wife on Trial (1917)
* The Double Standard (1917)
* Wild Life (1918)
* The Grey Parasol (1918)
* Love's Prisoner (1919)
* The Follies Girl (1919)
* The Peddler of Lies (1920)
* Bubbles (1920)
* The Wolverine (1921)
* The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923)
* Love's Whirlpool (1924)
* Another Man's Wife (1924)
* The Broken Gate (1927)
* Black Butterflies (1928))