OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gaspar Graziani

Gaspar (or Gașpar, Gasparo) Graziani (also credited as Grazziani, Gratiani and Grațiani; 1575/1580 – 29 September 1620) was Voivode (Prince) of Moldavia between February 4OS/February 14 NS 1619 and September 19 OS/September 29 NS 1620 (see Adoption of the Gregorian calendar).

## Early life

Gaspar Graziani de Candia is of Venetian Italian or Croatian origin and is assumed that he originate from Bihać area. The byname "Croatian" used along with his Christian name and surname, Croat Gašpar Graziani Kandija, appears in European and Ottoman sources.
A polyglot born in Dalmatia, Graziani had been in the service of several European powers: he was an interpreter for the English diplomatic mission in the Ottoman Empire, and then an envoy of both the Grand Duke of Tuscany Cosimo II and the Spanish Viceroy of Naples to the Porte, negotiating the release of Christian sailors captured by Barbary pirates.
The sultan awarded Graziani the title of Duke of Paros and Naxos in 1616; he became a close ally of the Doges and, like his predecessor and rival Radu Mihnea, a self-declared admirer of the Serenissime system of government; Graziani also married into a family of Venetian patricians.

## In Moldavia

Appointed Dragoman, he was charged by the Turks with missions in the Holy Roman Empire, and nevertheless acted as a spy in favour of the Habsburgs. These activities, along with bribery and promises of absolute loyalty to the Porte, gathered Graziani the support he needed in his bid for the Moldavian throne. In order to qualify for the customary requirements, he quickly converted from Roman Catholicism to Eastern Orthodoxy and accepted the sacraments. On his way to Moldavia, he was received in Adrianople by a delegation of 20 boyars, and is said to have been acclaimed by thousands upon his arrival on the shores of the Danube.
He organized an armed guard of 500 for his personal defence, and defied the Ottomans by starting negotiations for an alliance with Poland's King Sigismund III Vasa. The Sultan ordered him removed and a kapucu was sent for this purpose; Graziani had the envoy and his 300-strong retinue massacred. He managed to contribute with a minuscule number of his troops to hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski's effort and was present at the Battle of Cecora, but, as he was making his way to refuge in Poland, he was murdered in the village of Braniște (nowadays in Rîșcani, Republic of Moldova) by two of his boyars, Șeptilici and Goia, who were fearful of Ottoman reprisals.
His life was the subject of Ioan Slavici's 1888 tragedy, Gaspar Gratiani.
# The Millennium Breach

The Millennium Breach: The American Dilemma, Richer and Poorer was sponsored by the Eisenhower Foundation to mark the thirtieth anniversary of the Kerner Report on March 1, 1998. The Kerner Report was released by the Kerner Commission, a committee established by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1968 to investigate the causes of the 1967 race riots in the United States and to provide recommendations for the future. The infamous passage of the Kerner Report found, "Our nation is moving toward two societies, one black, one white—-separate and unequal."

## Findings

The Millennium Breach was written by Fred R. Harris, Lynn A. Curtis, and other Eisenhower trustees. The Breach presents the Foundation’s position on practical policy and how to replicate the grassroots non-profit, inner-city programs that have been effective since the release of the original Kerner Report in 1968. It targets private and public policymakers and inner-city community practitioners.
The breach documents the following trends since the release of the Kerner Report in 1968:
* From 1977 to 1988, the incomes of the richest 1 percent in America increased by 120 percent and the incomes of the poorest fifth in America decreased by 10 percent
* In urban public schools in poor neighborhoods, more than two-thirds of children fail to reach even the "basic" level of national tests.
* During the 1980s, child poverty increased by over 20 percent, with racial minorities suffering disproportionately. In 1998, the child poverty rate in the United States was 4 times the average of Western European countries
* Over the 1980s and early 1990s, the U.S. tripled the number of prison cells and simultaneously reduced housing appropriations for the poor by over 80 percent.
* In the early 1990s, 1 of 4 young African-American men was in prison, on probation, or on parole. By the late 1990s, 1 of 3 young African-American men was in prison, on probation, or on parole.

## Recommendations

The report recommended the adoption of national policies based on what the Eisenhower Foundation believed to have been effective policies in education, employment, economic, development, race and criminal justice since the Kerner Commission. The following policies were recommended:
* Fully fund the Head Start Program for all eligible children in pre-school
* Replicate effective school and housing desegregation and renewing affirmative action
* Create a national nonprofit "Corporation for Youth Investment" that will provide boys-and-girls-club-type safe havens after school for kids 6 to 16
* Reform public schools by restructuring academic programs; providing focused intervention for children with mental health problems; creating safe environments during the day and supportive nonprofit safe havens after school; increasing involvement of and assistance to inner city parents; reducing class size
* Reorder the budget in the "War on Drugs" from 70 percent enforcement and 30 percent prevention and treatment to 50/50.
# Puerto Tejada, Cauca

Puerto Tejada (Spanish pronunciation:) is a town and municipality in the Cauca Department, Colombia.

## History

Puerto Tejada was officially made a town on September 17, 1897, in Monte Oscuro (Dark Mountain), named after General Manuel Tejada Sanchez. During the 18th and 19th centuries there had been uprisings of both black slaves and free blacks in the general area, and maroons had established settlements in Monte Oscuro, which provided great cover because of its dense tropical vegetation. After the abolition of slavery in 1852 the former slaves and the maroons' descendants established themselves as organized communities forming family farms that produced coffee, corn, plantain, cassava and cacao. They were joined by settlers and colonists from Antioquia, Valle and the rest of Cauca. There was a thriving agricultural economy at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.
Its first inhabitants settled at the banks of the Palo and Paila rivers. With the creation of the town, other towns surged around the area.

## Climate

Climate data for Puerto Tejada (Ing Bengala), elevation 1,000 m (3,300 ft), (1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.0 (86.0) | 30.3 (86.5) | 30.2 (86.4) | 29.6 (85.3) | 29.6 (85.3) | 29.7 (85.5) | 30.2 (86.4) | 30.6 (87.1) | 30.3 (86.5) | 29.5 (85.1) | 29.2 (84.6) | 29.5 (85.1) | 29.9 (85.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 24.1 (75.4) | 24.2 (75.6) | 24.1 (75.4) | 23.9 (75.0) | 24.0 (75.2) | 24.0 (75.2) | 24.2 (75.6) | 24.3 (75.7) | 24.1 (75.4) | 23.9 (75.0) | 23.8 (74.8) | 23.9 (75.0) | 24.0 (75.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 18.0 (64.4) | 18.0 (64.4) | 18.1 (64.6) | 18.1 (64.6) | 18.3 (64.9) | 17.9 (64.2) | 17.5 (63.5) | 17.5 (63.5) | 17.7 (63.9) | 17.9 (64.2) | 18.0 (64.4) | 18.1 (64.6) | 17.9 (64.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 96.8 (3.81) | 94.6 (3.72) | 144.7 (5.70) | 203.6 (8.02) | 147.7 (5.81) | 87.3 (3.44) | 47.0 (1.85) | 43.0 (1.69) | 97.4 (3.83) | 147.5 (5.81) | 166.7 (6.56) | 113.5 (4.47) | 1,389.7 (54.71) |
| Average precipitation days | 10 | 9 | 14 | 16 | 16 | 10 | 8 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 16 | 12 | 144 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 80 | 80 | 80 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 79 | 78 | 78 | 80 | 81 | 81 | 80 |
| Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales ||||||||||||||
# E89

E89 may refer to:
* BMW Z4 (E89)
* European route E89
* King's Indian Defense, Encyclopedia of Chess Openings code
* Second Keihan Highway, route E89 in Japan
# Ellas (TV series)

Ellas is a Mexican telenovela produced by Televisa for Telesistema Mexicano in 1967.

## Cast

* Hilda Aguirre
* Lourdes Baledón
* Carmen Salas
* Luis Aragón
# Pedal boat

Pedal boat may refer to:
* Amphibious cycle, a pedal-powered vehicle capable of operation on both land and water
* Hydrocycle, a bicycle-like watercraft with pontoons or a hydrofoil for buoyancy, and pedals for propulsion
* Human-powered hydrofoil, a hydrofoil that can use pedals and various other means for propulsion
* Pedalo, or paddle boat, a human-powered watercraft that uses pedals to turn a paddle wheel
# Stanhope (name)

Stanhope is an English surname of medieval origins, meaning 'a dweller on a stony ridge'. It has also been used as a given name.

## List

Notable people with the name include:

### Surname

* Alexander Stanhope (1638–1707), English envoy in Madrid
* Arthur Stanhope (1627–1694), English politician who sat in the House of Commons
* Arthur Stanhope, 6th Earl Stanhope (1838–1905), British Conservative Party politician
* Charles Stanhope (disambiguation), multiple people
* Doug Stanhope (born 1967), American stand-up comedian
* Edward Stanhope (1840–1893), British Conservative Party politician
* Elizabeth Stanhope (disambiguation), multiple people
* Ferdinando Stanhope (died 1643), English politician who sat in the House of Commons
* George Stanhope (1660–1728), clergyman of the Church of England
* George Stanhope (disambiguation), multiple people
* Henry Stanhope (disambiguation), multiple people
* Lady Hester Stanhope (1776–1839), British socialite, adventurer and traveler
* James Stanhope (disambiguation), multiple people
* John Stanhope (disambiguation), multiple people
* Jon Stanhope (born 1951), Australian politician
* Leicester Stanhope, 5th Earl of Harrington (1784–1862), English peer and soldier
* Louisa Stanhope (fl. 1806–1827), English novelist
* Katherine Stanhope, Countess of Chesterfield (1609–1667), English governess and Postmaster General
* Mark Stanhope (born 1952), British Royal Navy officer
* Michael Stanhope (disambiguation), multiple people
* Philip Stanhope (disambiguation), multiple people
* Richard Stanhope (born 1957), British Olympic rower
* Rosamund Stanhope (1919–2005), British poet and teacher
* Sydney Stanhope, 6th Earl of Harrington (1845–1866), English peer
* Thomas Stanhope (1540–1596), English Member of Parliament for Nottinghamshire
* William Stanhope (disambiguation), multiple people
* Stanhope (Middlesex cricketer), cricketer from 1787 to 1798

### Given name

* Stanhope Aspinwall (1713–1771), British diplomat
* Stanhope Forbes (1857–1947), Irish-British artist and founder of a school of painters
* Stanhope Wood Nixon (1894–1958), vice president of Nixon Nitration Works during the company's 1924 disaster
# HVTN 702

HVTN 702 was a clinical trial which the HIV Vaccine Trials Network organized to develop an HIV vaccine. In February 2020 the organizers halted the trial after finding no evidence of efficacy.
Around December 2019 various media outlets reported that HVTN 702 could be an effective vaccine in preventing HIV.
In 2016 various media outlets announced the start of the research.
HVTN 702 was based on outcomes of the RV 144 trial.
# Nejc Gazvoda

Nejc Gazvoda (born 5 June 1985) is a Slovene writer, screenwriter and director. He has published a number of novels and collections of short stories and also has written the scripts for two successful TV dramas and has recently written and directed his first feature film Izlet (A Trip) (2011).
Gazvoda was born in Novo Mesto in southeastern Slovenia in 1985. He studied at the Academy for Theatre, Radio, Film and Television in Ljubljana. Whilst still in secondary school he published his book of short stories Vevericam nič ne uide (Nothing Escapes the Squirrels) for which he won the Fabula Award in 2006 for best collection of short prose in Slovene published within the previous two years.
His 2011 film A Trip was selected as the Slovenian entry for the Best Foreign Language Oscar at the 85th Academy Awards, but it did not make the final shortlist.

## Published works

* Vevericam nič ne uide (Nothing Escapes the Squirrels), short stories, (2004)
* Camera obscura, novel, (2004)
* Sanjajo tisti, ki preveč spijo, novel, (2007)
* Fasunga, short stories, (2007)
* V petek so sporočili, da bo v nedeljo konec sveta (On Friday We Were Told the World Would End on Sunday), short stories, (2009), short stories, (2009)

## Filmography

* Kot ptič, short documentary (2006) – writer and director
* Bordo rdeča, short film (2007) – writer and director
* Skrbnik, short film (2008) – writer and director
* Osebna prtljaga, feature film (2009) – co-writer
* Smehljaji, short film (2010) – writer
* Izlet (A Trip), feature film (2011) – writer and director
* Dvojina (Dual), feature film (2013) - writer and director
* Class Enemy (2013) – writer
# Denise Ramsden

Denise Ramsden may refer to:
* Denise Ramsden (cyclist) (born 1990), Canadian road bicycle racer
* Denise Ramsden (athlete) (1952–2003), English sprint athlete
# Gaspar Gálvez

Gaspar Gálvez Burgos (born 7 July 1979) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defender.
He started his career with Atlético Madrid, and went on amass La Liga totals of 156 games and one goal during eight seasons, also representing in the competition Oviedo, Valladolid, Albacete and Alavés. He added 208 matches and three goals in Segunda División, mainly at the service of Córdoba.

## Club career

Gaspar was born in Córdoba, Andalusia. A product of Atlético Madrid's youth system, he made his first-team – and La Liga – debut on 3 January 1999 in a 3–2 away win against Racing de Santander where he came on as a late substitute, and alternated between the A and the B-sides for several years; at the end of his second professional season, the former were relegated.
After a six-month spell at Real Oviedo, with another top flight relegation, Gaspar signed with Real Valladolid for two seasons, after which he was re-bought by Atlético. He was released after one year, and was subsequently successively relegated from the top division with Albacete Balompié (where he scored his first goal as a professional, in a 1–1 draw at Levante UD on 18 December 2004) and Deportivo Alavés.
Gaspar then played two more years in the second level with the Basques, returning to hometown's Córdoba CF in 2008 also in that tier and alternating between the starting XI and the bench until his release in June 2013.
# Public notice

A public notice is a form of notice given to the public regarding certain types of legal proceedings.

## By government

Public notices are issued by a government agency or legislative body in certain rulemaking or lawmaking proceeding.
It is a requirement in most jurisdictions, in order to allow members of the public to make their opinions on proposals known before a rule or law is made.
For local government, public notice is often given by those seeking a liquor license, a rezoning or variance, or other minor approval which must be granted by a city council, county commission, or board of supervisors.

## By private individuals or companies

Parties to some legal proceedings, such as foreclosures, probate, and estate actions are sometimes required to publish public notices.

## In communications

Public notices are sometimes required to seek a new broadcast license from a national broadcasting authority, or a change to modification to an existing license.
U.S. broadcast stations are required to give public notice on the air that they are seeking a license renewal from the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) or to notify viewers of the station's purchase by another party. Records of the public notices must often be kept in a station's public file.

## Method of notice

One method of notice is publication of a public notice ad in a local newspaper of record. Public notice can also be given in other ways, including radio, television, and on the Internet. Some governments required publication in a local/nationwide newspaper or the government gazette, though there have been attempts among some politicians to eliminate the expense of publication by switching to electronic forms of notification.
# Eagle Island (Queensland)

Eagle Island is an island in the locality of Lizard in the Shire of Cook, Queensland, Australia. It is in the Lizard Island National Park, approximately 2,000 km north-west of Brisbane. The island is south-west of Lizard Island situated 270 km north of Cairns, Queensland.

## Geography

It is surrounded by the Eyrie Reef.

## Protected area

The Lizard Island National Park is administered by the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service. Eagle Island is situated in the waters of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, administered jointly by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority and the Environmental Protection Agency.
# Pedal Pusher (disambiguation)

Pedal Pusher is a play written by the English director and playwright, Roland Smith.
Pedal Pusher(s), Pedal pusher(s) or Pedalpusher(s) may also refer to:
* Pedal pushers, a calf-length trouser
* "Pedalpusher", song by Stereophonics on 2005 album Language. Sex. Violence. Other?
# John Holmes (essayist)

John Holmes (1815–1894) was a radical campaigner in the city of Leeds in the mid 19th Century. A prosperous draper by profession, he was nevertheless very active in campaigning for workers' rights and was instrumental in founding the Leeds Co-operative Society (President 1862–64) and its precursor, the People's Flour Mill. His writing on the value of cooperatives attracted attention from major figures such as Edwin Chadwick, who cited his work, and John Stuart Mill, with whom he corresponded.
Holmes's essays argue that the costs and quality of the co-op bread compared favourably with the private sector due to economies of scale and saving marketing costs and it provided a way to avoid adulteration of flour. On reading a paper sent to him Mill wrote:
       "Your success & that of the Rochdale Association proves that there are at least two bodies of workpeople to be found who are sufficiently free from shortsighted selfishness—for that is really all that is required—to be capable of succeeding in such an enterprise, and the results, economically considered, as exhibited in your paper, are so advantageous that they can hardly fail to call forth imitators"
Other correspondents included John Ruskin and Holmes' name is also recorded as a correspondent of Marx's International Workingmen's Association, the First International.
He wrote on the history of Leeds and was a contributor to "Old Yorkshire".
He was also a serious antiquarian and collected antiquities on an expedition to the Near East. This trip followed the death in 1881 of his first wife. His collection was later acquired by the Leeds City Museum and is now in Abbey House. He also sponsored archeological digs by his friend Thomas Bachouse Sandwith, Vice Consul in Cyprus.
There were no surviving children from his first wife Sarah Ann (née Dale, d. 1881) who he had married in 1839, but he subsequently married Ada Higgins with whom he had two sons: Samuel (b. 1883) and Alfred (b. 1887).
# Pedal clavichord

The clavichord is a keyboard instrument. From the 16th century through the 18th century, this instrument was excellently suited to serve as a practice, training and living-room instrument. Some clavichords had a pedal keyboard allowing them to be played with the feet. It served to replace the church organ.
While clavichords were typically single manual instruments, they could be stacked to provide multiple keyboards. With the addition of a pedal clavichord, which included a pedal keyboard for the lower notes, a clavichord could be used to practice organist repertoire. In the era of pipe organs which used hand-pumped blowers, and of churches which were only heated during church services, organists used pedal harpsichords and pedal clavichords as practice instruments (see also: pedal piano).

## Repertoire

There is speculation that some works written for organ may have been intended for pedal clavichord. An interesting case is made by Harald Vogel that Bach's "Eight Little Preludes and Fugues", now thought to be spurious, may actually be authentic. The keyboard writing seems unsuited to organ, but Vogel argues that they are idiomatic on the pedal clavichord. As Williams (2003) also notes, the compass of the keyboard parts of Bach's six Organ Sonatas, BWV 525–530 rarely go below the tenor C, so could have been played on a single manual pedal clavichord, by moving the left hand down an octave, a customary practice in the 18th century.

## Modern history

Various modern copies have been made of surviving pedal clavichords, such as the one in the Instrumenten-Museum in the University of Leipzig built in the 1760s by the organ-builder Johann David Gerstenberg from Geringswalde in Saxony.
The Pedalclavichord Foundation contributed to the knowledge of the 17th century music practice. Clavichormaker Dick Verwolf made a replica of the pedalclavichord by Gerstenberg in 1991. This replica is now used at the Conservatorium van Amsterdam for study purposes. Dick Verwolf also made a reconstruction of a pedalclavichord from the 16th century.
# Ellauda

Ellauda is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# Elizabeth Bailey (disambiguation)

Elizabeth Bailey (1938–2022) was an American economist.
Elizabeth Bailey may also refer to:
# Pawahri

Pawahri is a village in Phillaur in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 20 kilometres (12 mi) from sub district headquarter and 62 kilometres (39 mi) from district headquarter. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

## Demography

As of 2011, The village has a total number of 116 houses and the population of 590 of which 302 are males while 288 are females. According to the report published by Census India in 2011, out of the total population of the village 509 people are from Schedule Caste and the village does not have any Schedule Tribe population so far.
# HVTR

HVTR may refer to:
* Hotham Valley Railway
* High Voltage Arc Tracking Rate is the rate, as defined by UL 746A, that a high voltage can travel across a plastic material.
# Irish Formula Ford Championship

The Irish Formula Ford Championship, which is affiliated to Motorsport Ireland is run on various Irish circuits including Mondello Park, Kirkistown, Phoenix Park Motor Racing Circuit and Nutts Corner.

## Championship Winners

* 1978 - Michael Roe
* 1979 - Colin Lees
* 1980 - Maurice Dunne
* 1981 - Arnie Black
* This article related to sport in Ireland is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This motorsport-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Public opinion (disambiguation)

Public opinion is the aggregate of individual attitudes or beliefs held by the adult population.
Public opinion may also refer to:

## Film and television

* Public Opinion (1916 film), an American silent film
* Public Opinion (1935 film), an American film directed by Frank R. Strayer
* Public Opinion (1954 film), a French-Italian drama film
* Public Opinion (TV series), a 2004 British panel game

## Periodicals

* Public Opinion (Chambersburg), a morning newspaper covering the Greater Chambersburg area, Pennsylvania, US
* Public Opinion (magazine), an 1861–1951 British weekly
* Public Opinion Quarterly, an academic journal of the American Association for Public Opinion Research
* Watertown Public Opinion, a daily newspaper in Watertown, South Dakota, US

## Other uses

* Public Opinion (book), a 1922 book by Walter Lippmann
* Public Opinion, a character in Jacques Offenbach's operetta Orpheus in the Underworld
# Kosrae flying fox

The Kosrae flying fox (Pteropus ualanus) is a species of megabat in the genus Pteropus found on the island of Kosrae, Micronesia.