OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paddock Valley Dam

* This Washington County, Idaho state location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
Paddock Valley Dam is a dam in Washington County, Idaho.
This earthen dam was constructed in 1949 by the local Little Willow Irrigation District, with a height of 43 feet (13 m) and a length of 300 feet (91 m) long at its crest. It impounds Little Willow Creek for flood control and irrigation water storage, owned and operated by the local district.
The reservoir it creates, Paddock Valley Reservoir, has a normal surface area of 1,300 acres (530 ha) and maximum capacity of 36,400 acre-feet (44,900,000 m$^3$). Recreation includes fishing for Yellow Bullhead, Crappie, Largemouth Bass, Smallmouth Bass, Bluegill, and Punkinseed Sunfish. In 2008 the site was the tentative location of a nuclear power plant planned by MidAmerican Nuclear Energy, which was deemed not cost-effective.
# Fu Quanxiang

Fu Quanxiang (3 August 1923 – 24 October 2017) was a well-known Chinese actress of Yue opera. In the Chinese press she was named as one of the ten leading female actors in Yue opera. In the view of others she was one of only two truly famous artists, the other being Yuan Xuefen.
Her repertoire included Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, The Tale of Li Wa, Du Shiniang, and others.
# Ephraim Lifschitz

Ephraim Lifschitz is an Israeli painter, born 1909, Stolin, Poland and died 2004.

## Biography

Ephraim Lifshitz was born in Stolin, Poland, in 1909 to a religious family of 12 children. Lifshitz studied at Hadar and the Tarbut school. After graduating, Lifshitz was active in Zionist settings in the town and worked as a self-taught painter. Between 1935 and 1933 he lived in Paris, France, then in 1935 immigrated to the Land of Israel and settled in Tel Aviv where he helped in building the "Ohel" theater. In 1937 he joined the Haganah organization, and during the War of Independence was drafted into the IDF on behalf of the Haganah. In 1944 he studied painting with Aharon Avni, and between 1948 and 1945 studied painting in the studio of Yehezkel Streichman and Avigdor Stematsky in Tel Aviv.
In 1951, Lifshitz was one of the founders of the "Enrichment Group" exhibiting at all its exhibitions. Between 1974-1952 he worked at Bank Hapoalim. In 1953 he was one of the founders of the artists 'village in Ein Hod and in 1970 he joined the artists' campus in Safed and even served as chairman of the campus. In 1964 he presented together with the "Observation" group.
Lifshitz's early works, before immigrating to Eretz Israel, had not been preserved, consisting of decorative works, backdrops, figurative watercolor paintings and more. Gaining popularity, Lifshitz changed the style of his painting, which became expressive with influence from the works of the "Paris School". During the 1950s, his works show the influence of the New Horizon group. His works contained depictions of landscapes and interiors made with free brushstrokes, the use of contour lines and the use of decorative forms. The series of paintings "Ein Gedi", from the 1960s, is made as an abstraction of nature made with the help of a network of colored lines. In the late 1990s, following a car accident, he switched to painting in pastel chalks.

## Awards and recognition

* 1958 Dizengoff Prize
* 1968 The Histadrut Prize
* 1988 The Nahum Gutman Prize for Painting and Sculpture, The Histadrut Labor Federation

## Education

* 1938-41 Graduated Lvov Government Institute of Plastic Art, U.S.S.R.
* 1945-48 With Avigdor Stematsky, Aharon Avni, "The Studio", Tel Aviv, Israel
# Catathelasma

Catathelasma is a genus of fungi in the family Biannulariaceae. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agaricoid, with a conspicuous veil (leaving a double ring on the stem), adnate to decurrent lamellae, and amyloid basidiospores. The genus is separated on DNA characteristics as well as morphology. Species are known from North America, Europe, and Asia and are ectomycorrhizal, forming an association with the living roots of trees.

## Taxonomy

The genus Catathelasma was originally described in 1910 by American botanist and mycologist Ruth Ellen Harrison Lovejoy with C. evanescens as the type species.
in 1922 the Austrian botanist Günther Beck von Mannagetta und Lerchenau referred the European species Armillaria imperialis to his new genus Biannularia. For a time Catathelasma and Biannularia were regarded as separate (though closely related) genera, as for instance in a 1936 paper by Rolf Singer. Later Singer united the genera using Lovejoy's earlier name. Recent DNA research confirms this synonymy.

## Etymology

Lovejoy's original description states that:
   "The ring and volva, together with the very decided decurrent gills (upon which character the generic name is based), are telling characteristics of this genus."
According to Genaust's etymological dictionary of botanical names, "Catathelasma" comes from Ancient Greek words "kata" (κατά - downwards) and "thelasma" (θήλασμα - meaning "the act of suckling"). He says that the reason for this construction is unclear, but suggests that the author is comparing the shape made by the gills running down the stem with a teat stretched out during suckling. "Decurrent" means "running down the stem" and another possible connection with Lovejoy's description is that "katatheo" (καταθέω) means "I run down". However it is difficult to see how that could logically give rise to the noun "Catathelasma".

## Description

Catathelasma species are stocky, Tricholoma-like fungi, with adnate to decurrent lamellae (gills), a double veil (giving the stipe two rings), a stipe that is tapered to the base and rooting (often buried), and a mealy smell. At the microscopic level they have oblong to cylindrical, amyloid spores, a bilateral gill trama, and hyphae with clamp connections.

## Habitat and distribution

Species are ectomycorrhizal, growing on the ground under conifers. They are known from continental Europe, North and Central America, and Asia.

## Edibility

Some species of Catathelasma are edible and are collected for food in China, Guatemala, and Russia.
# Valcivières

Valcivières (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France.
# Johann Heinrich Ehrhardt

Johann Heinrich Ehrhardt, also spelled Erhardt (29 April 1805 – 29 April 1883), was a German locomotive manufacturer and inventor.

## Early life

Ehrhardt was born on 29 April 1805 in Zella St. Blasius, Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. He was the son of a poor gunsmith who worked in Jäger'schen wire drawing plants. When a master gunsmith visited Ehrhardt's parents, he saw Ehrhardt's technical skills and allowed him to become an apprentice gunsmith. Ehrhardt's first job as a journeyman was at the mint in Gotha.

## Work in Belgium

Ehrhardt moved to Belgium in 1831. He worked for an optician in Brussels for half a year before moving with the John Cockerill company to Seraing, where he worked in steam engineering. While working with dewatering machines, he invented a rear cargo compartment.
To acquire theoretical knowledge for future work, Ehrhardt went to the Polytechnic Institute in Düsseldorf for three months, starting in November 1833. That same year, preparations began for the construction of Le Belge, the first steam locomotive manufactured in Belgium. The locomotive was completed in 1835 by Robert Stephenson and Company, for use on a planned railway from Brussels to Mechelen.
In 1836, Ehrhardt attended the Arts and Crafts School in Düsseldorf for further theoretical studies and to improve his skills in technical drawing. Afterward, he returned to his home in Zella-Mehlis.

## Saxon engineering company

While at a trade fair in Leipzig in October 1838, Ehrhardt met one of the directors of the Saxon engineering company in Chemnitz, who hired him to build steam engines and locomotives.
From 1839–1840, Ehrhardt helped to develop the Teutonia and Pegasus locomotives. The Teutonia was provided for the Magdeburg–Leipzig railway, but could not be put into operation because it was too heavy for the railway's infrastructure. It was instead sold to the Magdeburg-Steamship Company. The Pegasus was acquired, after one year of probation, by the Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company, which used it until 1861.
From 1843 to 1868, Ehrhardt worked in Dresden as the chief machinist for the Saxon-Silesian railway company, renamed Saxon State Railways after its nationalization in 1851. He invented the two-sided brake with oscillatory waves in 1847, and the portable Ehrhardtsche scale to control axle loads in 1879. He also helped to improve the preheating of condensation devices.

## Later years

Ehrhardt's students included 18 machine masters at other railway companies, professors in Chemnitz and Freiberg, factory owners, and directors of major German and Austrian machine and textile factories.
His nephew, Heinrich Ehrhardt (1840–1928), was a successful inventor, industrialist and entrepreneur.
In 1869, Ehrhardt went to live in Radebeul, Germany. He died there in 1883, at the age of 78.
# Wiley, Pleasants County, West Virginia

Wiley is an unincorporated community in Pleasants County, West Virginia, United States.
# Hauben

Hauben is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Daniel Hauben (born 1956), American painter
* Lawrence Hauben (1931–1985), American actor and screenwriter
* Léopold Hauben (1912-?), Belgian fencer
* Michael Hauben (1973–2001), American internet theorist and author
# Gamasellus tasmanicus

Gamasellus tasmanicus is a species of mite in the family Ologamasidae.
# True Grit (Bret Michaels album)

True Grit is a compilation album released by American rock and country singer Bret Michaels of the band Poison. The album was released digitally on May 5, 2015 and on limited edition cd via his website. The album was officially announced through Michael's social media sites in early April 2015 along with the release of the new single "Girls On Bars" which boasted the highest number of views of any debut single ever on CMT.

## Production and recording

The album features three new original tracks and eighteen previously released country rock tracks from his last four studio albums: "Songs of Life", "Freedom of Sound", "Custom Built" and the most recent alternate versions album "Jammin' with Friends" which features guest musicians.
The new tracks include: "A Beautiful Soul" which was first released as a single in April 2014 featuring a music video and the new single "Girls On Bars" which was co written with Grammy award winning songwriter of the year, Luke Laird featuring a music video released May 12. Also included is the new song "Get Undone".
Many of the songs on the album are new renditions of older songs, some of the recordings go as far back as 2002. "True Grit is really a record of just taking songs like "Nothin' but a Good Time" and re-making them from the catalog of my past, and then my present, and then my future," said Michaels.
# Fu River

The name Fu River may refer to several rivers in China:
* Fu River (Sichuan), or Fujiang (涪江), in Sichuan and Chongqing, a tributary of the Jialing River (Yangtze Basin)
* Fu River (Jiangxi), or Fuhe (抚河), in Jiangxi, a tributary of the Poyang Lake (Yangtze Basin)
* Fushui River (富水), in Hubei, a tributary of the Yangtze River
# Episódio Especial

Episódio Especial is a Portuguese TV show Saturday afternoons issued by the SIC. It is presented by Sofia Cerveira and Ricardo Pereira. Brought all the news and the latest developments that took place during the week and on about the famous telenovelas. The program was released on February 23, 2008, registering 6.9% average audience share and 29%.
# Cañon City Post Office and Federal Building

The Cañon City Post Office and Federal Building in Cañon City, Colorado, was built in 1931. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986 as U.S. Post Office and Federal Building–Cañon City Main. It has also been known as the Cañon City Main Post Office.
Architecturally, it is a rigidly symmetrical building that is "an extremely late example of Italian Renaissance Revival" style. Its front facade features seven arches, one over the front entrance and the others over windows.
# VAM (Morgan and Peace dollar die varieties)

A VAM is a study of the differences in dies which were used to strike United States Morgan dollar and Peace dollar coins. The acronym "VAM" is taken from the last name of the two people who studied and cataloged the die differences: Leroy Van Allen and A. George Mallis. As a result of VAM studies, a wide assortment of varieties for the two series of coins have been discovered and catalogued.

## Background

Coin collectors were aware of Morgan dollar varieties and differences which were caused by dies. The VAM coins are different than Mint-made errors which are mistakes or defective coins. A VAM occurs as a result of a die variety which creates the same variation on a number of coins. The discovery and cataloging of VAM dollars is concerned with small differences in coins. Leroy Van Allen (VA) and A. George Mallis (M) documented the small variations and VAM comes from the initials of their last names.

## History

There are in more than 3,000 different VAMs however the coin certification company Professional Coin Grading Service (PCGS) does not recognize all of them. They recognize 52 VAM Peace dollars and 317 Morgan dollar VAMs A VAM can be a small change in dies like a different sized mint mark, or something more dramatic like a repunched date.
# Russ Westover

Russell Channing Westover (March 8, 1886 – May 3, 1966) was a cartoonist best known for his long-run comic strip Tillie the Toiler.

## Early life

Westover was born in Los Angeles, California. He recalled, "When the time came... to make a living, father put me in one of the stores he owned. I used to wrap parcels, and I'd draw pictures on them. The customers liked it, but my father didn't. We talked it over and came to an agreement. I went into the railroad business."
After a job as a clerk with the Southern Pacific Railroad, Westover headed for San Francisco, where he studied at the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art (now the San Francisco Art Institute). After four months, he dropped out after an instructor said, "Young man, the drawing of Caesar is good, but that caricature you made of me on the border is terrible".

## Career

Westover was 18 years old when he landed a job as a sports cartoonist with the San Francisco Bulletin. He also contributed to the San Francisco Chronicle, the San Francisco Post and the Oakland Herald. His first comic strip, Daffy Dan, about a baseball player, was published in the Post.
Relocating to New York, he was at the New York Herald when he drew his first nationally syndicated strip, Snapshot Bill (1914), followed by Ginger Pop, Fat Chance, Looie and His Tin Lizzie and The Demon Demonstrator. He also worked as an illustrator for Life and Judge (1918–21).

### Tillie the Toiler

Westover worked on his concept of a flapper character in a strip he titled Rose of the Office. With a title change to Tillie the Toiler, it sold to King Features Syndicate. Leaving the Herald, he began Tillie the Toiler for King Features in 1921, and the working-girl strip quickly established a wide readership, leading to a 1927 film adaptation by Hearst's Cosmopolitan Pictures with Marion Davies as Tillie.
During the late 1920s, more than 600 papers were carrying Tillie The Toiler. In 1926, he added another strip, The Van Swaggers, to his Sunday page as a topper. Cupples & Leon published a series of at least eight Tillie the Toiler reprint collections beginning in the 1920s and continuing into the 1930s. Westover profited from another movie when Kay Harris appeared in the title role of Columbia Pictures' Tillie the Toiler in 1941.
When Westover retired in the early 1950s, Bob Gustafson continued Tillie the Toiler until 1959.

## Death

Westover was 80 when he died in 1966 in San Rafael, California.
# Who Is Harry Nilsson (And Why Is Everybody Talkin' About Him)?

Who is Harry Nilsson (And Why Is Everybody Talkin' About Him?) is a documentary about the American musician Harry Nilsson that premiered at the Santa Barbara International Film Festival in 2006. It was released to theatres in September 2010 and on DVD in October that year.

## Production

The film's release had been long-awaited, such that friends of Nilsson began referring to it as "The Long and Winding Road". The film's producers eschewed the device of including present-day commentary from music critics or historians as a means of establishing Nilsson's legacy. Instead, David Leaf and John Scheinfeld interviewed close to three dozen of Nilsson's friends, colleagues and extended family, who all shared their memories of Harry Nilsson, his music, and how it affected them. This footage was put together in a documentary that follows Nilsson from childhood to his death in 1994, at the age of 52, recording the highs and lows of his life, from Grammy wins through divorce and substance abuse.
Among the interviewees are Perry Botkin, Jr., Micky Dolenz, Terry Gilliam, Mark Hudson, Eric Idle, Ray Cooper, Al Kooper, Randy Newman, Yoko Ono, May Pang, Van Dyke Parks, Richard Perry, Jimmy Webb, Paul Williams, Robin Williams, Brian Wilson and The Smothers Brothers. Also included are interviews with Nilsson's wives and children. Discussing the film in 2011, Scheinfeld agreed that one of the most notable absences was any input from Ringo Starr. Explaining the latter's non-appearance, Scheinfeld said that Nilsson was among the three people that Starr finds it difficult to talk about, along with John Lennon and George Harrison. Another notable absence in the film is arranger-composer George Tipton, who worked closely with Nilsson on nearly all of his early RCA recordings; they reportedly had an unexplained and permanent falling-out, and Tipton refused to be interviewed for the film.

## Reception

Writing in Entertainment Weekly, Stephen King said of the film: "Who Is Harry Nilsson is some piece of work, an exploration of the dark side of success that’s hard to watch, and even harder to forget." The film was nominated for Best Documentary Screenplay from the Writers Guild of America.
# Hart, Macon County, Missouri

Hart is an extinct village on the Santa Fe Railroad in Russell Township, Macon County, Missouri. The GNIS classifies it as a populated place. A variant name was Evelyn, the name of the local post office. A post office called Evelyn was established in 1888, and remained in operation until 1916. Besides the post office, Hart had a railroad depot.
# Gaddo

Gaddo is a Florentine variation of the Italian given name Gerardo (Gerard).

## Famous persons with the given name Gaddo

* Gaddo Gaddi Florentine painter and mosaicist (c. 1250–1327/30?)
* Gaddo della Gherardesca Tuscan aristocrat, formerly associated romantically with Sarah, Duchess of York
* Gaddo, son of Ugolino della Gherardesca (c. 1220–1289), and who features in Dante's Inferno
# Padraig O'Connor

Padraig O'Connor was an Irish soccer player in the League of Ireland during the 1970s and 1980s.
He played for Bohemians from 1973 to 1978 winning 2 league titles and making 147 league appearances (8 as sub), scoring 11 goals. He also made 14 appearances in European competition for the club scoring 1 goal in the European Cup. He is the brother of Bohemian legend Turlough O'Connor and Michael O'Connor. O'Connor won the PFAI Players' Player of the Year award in the 1980–81 season, the first time it was awarded.
He had a spell as player/manager of Bohemians for the 1989–90 League of Ireland Premier Division season after the departure of Billy Young. He also managed Athlone Town previous to his spell in charge at Bohs.
O'Connor shared a testimonial with Tom Conway in May 1985.
In 2009, he was a Gaelic football coach, co-managing the Na Fianna under 15 team.
# Fruit and walnut salad

A fruit and walnut salad is any salad made with fruit and walnuts. Unlike traditional salads, lettuce is generally not a major ingredient, and is sometimes not included at all. It can specifically refer to:
* Waldorf salad, a salad originally created in 1896 at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City.
* McDonald's Fruit and Walnut Salad, a salad added to the menu of fast-food restaurant chain McDonald's in 2005 and removed in 2013.
* This food-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Enumerate (project)

ENUMERATE is a collaborative project, led by Collections Trust in the United Kingdom and funded by the European Commission, to create "a reliable baseline of statistical data about digitization, digital preservation and online access to cultural heritage in Europe".
Cultural institutions increasingly use digital media to disseminate their heritage material. To obtain a useful overview of the current state, a precursor NUMERIC project to gather statistics was carried out between 2007 and 2009.
Three reports have been published under the auspices of ENUMERATE. The first ENUMERATE Core survey report was published in May 2012. In 2013 a report on the ENUMERATE Thematic Surveys on Digital Collections in European Cultural Heritage Institutions was published. The second ENUMERATE Core survey report was published in January 2014.

## Formal partners

The partners of the ENUMERATE EC-funded project, collectively known as the ENUMERATE network, are:
* Collections Trust, UK (project coordinator);
* Digitaal Erfgoed Nederland (DEN), Netherlands;
* Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany;
* Digibís, Spain;
* FARO Vlaams Steunpunt voor Cultureel Erfgoed, Belgium;
* Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication, France;
* Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Austria;
* Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica (National and University Library), Slovenia;
* Országos Széchényi Könyvtár (OSZK; National Széchényi Library), Hungary;
* The European Library (hosted by the Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Netherlands).

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Enumerate - About ENUMERATE".
* ↑ Roswitha Poll. "Digitisation in European Libraries: Results of the NUMERIC Project". Archived from the original on 2014-05-14.
* ↑ Natasha Stroeker; René Vogels. "Survey Report on Digitisation in European Cultural Heritage Institutions 2012" (PDF).
* ↑ Natasha Stroeker and René Vogels, Panteia (NL) ; Gerhard Jan Nauta and Marco de Niet (DEN). "Report on the ENUMERATE Thematic Surveys on Digital Collections in European Cultural Heritage Institutions 2013" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* ↑ Natasha Stroeker and René Vogels, Panteia (NL). "Survey Report on Digitisation in European Cultural Heritage Institutions 2014" (PDF).
# Catherine Jones (journalist)

Catherine Jones is an English television news journalist, currently working as Health Correspondent for 5 News.
Brought up in Essex, Jones started her professional career in the newsroom of Buckinghamshire-based local radio station Mix 96 in 1994. She then worked for News Direct 97.3FM in London, and presented on the day of the death of Diana, Princess of Wales in 1997. She later worked for Independent Radio News.
Jones joined 5 News in 1999 as a reporter, and became a relief presenter from 2005, mainly on Sundays. She was later promoted to Health Correspondent.
In May 2014, Jones began the role of Health Editor at ITV News, taking over from Lawrence McGinty, who retired as Science and Medical Editor. As well as working on the main news bulletins on ITV, Jones also worked on current affairs programme Tonight and On Assignment.
Jones left the role on ITV News after only four months, returning to her previous position of Health Correspondent on 5 News.