OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hans Dammann

Hans Dammann (1867 - 1942) was a German sculptor; known primarily for his war memorials.

## Life and work

Dammann was born 16 June 1867 at Proskau in the Kingdom of Prussia.
His father, Karl Dammann [de], was a Professor of veterinary medicine. In 1877, his family relocated to Hanover. From 1885 to 1888, he attended the Technical University there. After 1888, he continued his training at the Berlin University of the Arts. His primary instructors were Albert Wolff, Ernst Herter, Peter Breuer and Gerhard Janensch. After completing his studies, in 1895, he went to Rome.
Shortly after, he sent some works to the Große Berliner Kunstausstellung. He would participate in their exhibitions regularly until 1913. Upon returning to Berlin, he worked as a freelance sculptor. Most of his commissions were small. His first large scale work was a fountain with a statue of a night watchman at the Lindener Marktplatz [de] (1896). That same year, he married Frida Martha Hirschwald (1878–1952).
More large commissions failed to materialize, so he joined a workshop for cemetery art in Plauen. Over the coming years, he created more than 130 funerary monuments, including full-scale tombs at the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Cemetery in Charlottenburg and at the Friedhof Wilmersdorf.
He continued to do a few non-cemetery works, including another fountain in Bad Salzuflen, for the Hoffmannstift, a hospital operated by Hoffmann's Starch Factories (for which he waived his fee), and a figure of a blacksmith for the second parapet of the town hall in Bielefeld. In 1906, he created the "Morning" and "Evening" figures for the large clock at the New Town Hall in Hanover. A group of figures for the fountain at the "Kaiserjubiläumspark" in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe earned him the title of Professor, from Kaiser Wilhelm II, in 1914.
As a reserve officer, he was drafted not long after the start of World War I. In only a few weeks, he returned home wounded. This prompted him to undertake the creation of what are now his best known works; a series of war memorials for soldier's graves. As with his civil designs, many were used over with slight modifications. After the war, many of his models were reused by the Weimar Republic as war memorials. His last civil work was the Elisabethenbrunnen [de], in the spa park at Bad Homburg, unveiled in 1918.
From 1922, he created war memorials, exclusively. Over seventy are still in existence. As his health began to decline, assistants were responsible for most of the work. From 1933, all of his memorials were created in collaboration with Heinrich Rochlitz (b.1882), about whom little is known.
He died on 15 June 1942 in Berlin.

## Selected works

* War memorial in Enger
* War memorial in Friedland
* War memorial in Fürstenberg
* Salome
* Mothers' Monument in Gleiwitz
# Hancock Thomas Haughton

Hancock Thomas Haughton (27 January 1851 – 9 July 1897), was a prominent civil servant in Singapore, Malacca and Penang.

## Biography

Haughton was born on 27 January 1851 in Dublin. He was appointed a cadet in November 1881 by the Secretary of State of the Straits Settlements, and arrived in January 1882. In March 1883, after passing an examination in Malay, he became an acting Magistrate of Malacca. He was also made a Justice of the Peace. In June, he was appointed Acting officer in charge of the Colonial Treasury of Malacca. He was appointed Acting Third Magistrate of Singapore in October. He became a Second Magistrate of Singapore in 1884. He became the acting Collector of Land Revenue of Malacca in November 1885. He was temporarily appointed a superintendent of the police in Malacca, a licensing officer, deputy registrar, and a coroner in March 1886. He was appointed a Visiting Justice of Singapore in January 1887. He was appointed Collector of Land Revenue of Singapore in either 1886 or 1887. In November 1889, he was appointed Second Magistrate and Commissioner of the Court of Requests of Singapore.
He became a Second Assistant Colonial Secretary on 2 August 1893. At the end of August, he was appointed Acting Assistant Colonial Secretary. In 1894, he was appointed the Acting First Magistrate of Penang. In June 1896, he was appointed Collector of Land Revenue and Officer in Charge of the Treasury in Malacca. He was appointed Acting Assistant Colonial Secretary on 3 May 1897. Soon after this, his health began to deteriorate, to the point where he could not attend a council meeting, and his place was taken by someone else.

## Personal life

Haughton underwent surgery on 6 July 1897 after the sudden deterioration of his health. The surgery appeared to be successful, but worse symptoms manifested on 8 July. He died on 9 July 1897 in the Singapore General Hospital due to liver abscess worsened by Influenza. His funeral was held the next day in Bukit Timah Cemetery.
# Space Communications Protocol Specifications

The Space Communications Protocol Specifications (SCPS) are a set of extensions to existing protocols and new protocols developed by the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) to improve performance of Internet protocols in space environments. The SCPS protocol stack consists of:
* SCPS-FP—A set of extensions to FTP to make it more bit efficient and to add advanced features such as record update within a file and integrity checking on file transfers.
* SCPS-TP—A set of TCP options and sender-side modifications to improve TCP performance in stressed environments including long delays, high bit error rates, and significant asymmetries. The SCPS-TP options are TCP options registered with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) and hence SCPS-TP is compatible with other well-behaved TCP implementations.
* SCPS-SP—A security protocol comparable to IPsec
* SCPS-NP—A bit-efficient network protocol analogous to but not interoperable with IP
The SCPS protocol that has seen the most use commercially is SCPS-TP, usually deployed as a Performance Enhancing Proxy (PEP) to improve TCP performance over satellite links.
# Hans Jonsson

Hans Jonsson may refer to:
* Hans Jonsson (ice hockey)
* Hans Jonsson (footballer), Swedish footballer
# Hans Jonsson (footballer)

Hans Jonsson is a Swedish retired footballer. Jonsson made 41 Allsvenskan appearances for Djurgården and scored 7 goals.
# Spargania bellipicta

Spargania bellipicta is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Spargania bellipicta is 7311.
# Spargania

Spargania is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Achille Guenée in 1857.

## Species

* Spargania aurata (Grote, 1882)
* Spargania bellipicta Warren, 1901
* Spargania luctuata (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) – white-banded carpet
* Spargania magnoliata Guenée, 1857
* Spargania viridescens (Grossbeck, 1910)
# Soğuksu

Soğuksu, meaning "cold water" in English, is a Turkish word, and may refer to:
* Soğuksu Creek, a stream in Mersin Province, Turkey
* Soğuksu National Park, a protected area in Kızılcahamam district of Ankara Province, Turkey
* Soğuksu Nature Park, a protected area in Sarıkamış district of Kars Province, Turkey
* Soğuksu railway station, a railway station on the suburban railway in the European part of Istanbul, Turkey.
* Soğuksu, Manyas, a village
* Soğuksu, Kestel
* Soğuksu, Çorum
* Soğuksu, Gümüşova
* Soğuksu, İspir
* Soğuksu, Köprüköy
# Soğukpınar, İnebolu

Soğukpınar is a village in the İnebolu District of Kastamonu Province in Turkey. Its population is 170 (2021).
# Hansard (play)

Hansard is a play by Simon Woods. The play focuses on fictional Tory politician Robin Hesketh and his wife, Diana. The title comes from the word Hansard, the traditional name of the transcripts of Parliamentary debates in Britain and many Commonwealth countries.

## Productions

Hansard had its opening night at the National Theatre on 3 September 2019, following previews from 22 August. It played a limited run to 25 November 2019. The two-hander featured Alex Jennings as Robin Hesketh and Lindsay Duncan as Diana Hesketh. The production was directed by Simon Godwin. Hansard was broadcast as part of National Theatre Live on 7 November 2019.

## Critical reception

The play received mixed reviews. In a 3 star review for The Guardian, Michael Billington likened the piece to a Cotswold Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? In a 3 star review for the Financial Times, Sarah Hemming states "It’s obliquely timely, then, often waspishly funny, ultimately very moving and beautifully delivered by the superb Alex Jennings and Lindsay Duncan. Yet there’s also something oddly unsatisfying about it"
# Spagna (Rome Metro)

Spagna is an underground station on Line A of the Rome Metro, in the rione Campo Marzio, which was inaugurated in 1980.
The station is named after the nearby Piazza di Spagna: its main exit is on Vicolo del Bottino, a short stretch of road that leads to the square. Another exit, connected by a series of moving walkways, is located near Porta Pinciana and the homonymous entrance to Villa Borghese.

## History

The Spagna station was built as part of the first section (from Anagnina to Ottaviano) of the Line A of the Rome Metro, which came into service in 1980.
The project of an interchange with the future Line D was abandoned in the autumn of 2012.
On 23 March 2019, after that Barberini was impounded for a problem with the escalators, Spagna was also closed. The closure lasted about a month and a half: in fact, the station reopened to the public at 6 pm on 7 May 2019.

## Services

This station has:
* Parking at Villa Borghese
* Escalators
* Elevators
* Ticket office
* Ticket machine

## Interchanges

* ATAC bus stop

## Located nearby

* Piazza di Spagna/Spanish Steps
* Via del Babuino
* Via dei Condotti
* Spanish Embassy to the Holy See
* De La Ville Hotel Intercontinental
* Trinità dei Monti
* Sallustiano Obelisk
* Colonna dell'Immacolata
* Palazzo di Propaganda Fide
* Keats–Shelley Memorial House
* Villa Medici
* Villa Borghese
* Pincio
* Piazza Colonna
* Palazzo Montecitorio
* Palazzo Chigi
* Column of Marcus Aurelius
* Galleria Alberto Sordi
* Via del Corso
* Santa Maria in Via
* Palazzo Borghese
* Ara Pacis
* Mausoleum of Augustus
# Spayd Island

Spayd Island (70°33′S 72°7′E﻿ / ﻿70.550°S 72.117°E﻿ / -70.550; 72.117) is an ice-covered island with prominent rock exposures 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) long, lying at the southeast side of Gillock Island on the east margin of Amery Ice Shelf Delineated in 1952 by John H. Roscoe from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and named by him for A.W. Spayd, air crewman on Operation Highjump photographic flights in this and other coastal areas between 14 and 164 East longitude.
# Spice Money

Spice Money (SML) is an Indian rural financial services company headquartered in Noida. It was founded in 2000 by Dilip Modi, who serves as the chairman and group CEO of DiGiSPICE Technologies. SML is a subsidiary of DiGiSPICE Technologies. It provides financial services, such as money transfer, cash deposit, account opening, bill payments, mini ATMs and more services. It engages with local individuals (Adhikari's) to assist its customers with banking requirements. In 2024, the company reported having 1.4 million Adhikari's on its platform.

## History

Spice Money began its operations as a digital wallet under the name Spice Digital Limited. Later, the company expanded into ticketing, bill payment, banking, and micro ATM services. It operates as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Digispice Technologies. In 2015, Spice Money received license to operate as a PPI from RBI and in 2017, the company launched its micro ATM and bill pay services. This was followed by the mPOS service launch in 2018, which earned Spice Money the NPCI National Payments Excellence Award. In January 2018, Spice Money received its final license from the Reserve Bank of India to operate as a Bharat Bill Payment Operating Unit (BBPOU) within the Bharat Bill Payment System (BBPS).
In 2020, the company launched a proposition to assist nanopreneurs with onboarding. This initiative helped entrepreneurs in rural and semi-urban areas by launching products like, AEPS, IRCTC ticketing, Cash Management services (CMS), Lending etc. In August 2021, the company announced the establishment of an ATM network with 1 lakh micro-ATMs operating across rural India.
In September 2023, a strategic partnership was formed with Grameen Foundation for Social Impact (GFSI) India, a non-profit organization supporting underserved communities. Spice Money also partnered with NSDL Payments Bank and Axis Bank, enabling the opening of zero-balance savings or current accounts for rural citizens through its Adhikari platform.

## Media appearances

In February 2021, the company launched its brand campaign titled 'Spice Money Toh Life Bani,' featuring Sonu Sood as brand ambassador.
In September 2022, Spice Money was featured in the first episode of The Great Indian Disruptors on Disney+ Hotstar, presented by Digital Refresh Networks. Spice Money was featured in ET Now's Leaders of Tomorrow and Zee TV's Naya Bharat Sunehra Amrit Kaal.

## Awards

* 2023: Awarded the SKOCH Award for the Best Fintech Growth Story

## Controversy

In December 2021, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a monetary penalty on Spice Money, for non-compliance with norms, as stated in a central bank announcement. Spice Money incurred fines of ₹1 crore.
# Spencer Hays

Spencer Hays (July 14, 1936 – March 1, 2017) was an American businessman and art collector. He was the majority owner and chairman of the executive committee of Southwestern family of companies. With his wife, he made the largest foreign donation to the Musée d'Orsay since its opening in 1986.

## Early life

Spencer Hays was born in Ardmore, Oklahoma. He grew up in Gainesville, Texas.
Hays played basketball in high school. He attended Texas Christian University on a basketball scholarship.

## Career

As a student at TCU, Hays started his career with Southwestern Advantage in 1956. He became vice president of sales in 1966, executive vice president in 1971, and president in 1973. As Southwestern Advantage expanded into Southwestern Family of Companies, Hays became the chairman of its executive committee starting in 1983. He was the majority owner of Southwestern Family of Companies until the time of his death.
Additionally, Hays founded Tom James Co., a fine clothing firm, in 1966. He purchased Oxxford Clothes, high-end men's suit and sport coat manufacturer, in 1994. He was the owner of Athlon Sports Communications, a publisher of sports manuals.
Hays was inducted into the hall of fame of the Direct Selling Association in 1983.

## Art collection and philanthropy

With his wife, Hays began collecting American art in the 1970s. By the 1980s, they began collecting French art, especially Les Nabis.
Hays and his wife co-founded the American Friends of the Musée d'Orsay in 2013. Hays served on its board of directors. In 2016, the couple donated 187 paintings worth £155 million to the museum. After their death, their donation will come up to 600 paintings worth £315 million. The donation includes paintings by Pierre Bonnard, Édouard Vuillard, Maurice Denis, Odilon Redon, Edgar Degas, Gustave Caillebotte, Camille Corot, Aristide Maillol, Amedeo Modigliani and Albert Marquet. It was the largest foreign bequest to the museum since its opening in 1986. As a result, French president François Hollande thanked them for it and made them Commanders of the Legion of Honour.
On July 10, 2019, a second donation of 106 pièces of art (40 paintings, 47 drawings and 19 sculptures) of Bonnard, Vuillard, Maurice Denis, Félix Vallotton, Georges Lacombe, Édouard Manet, Émile Bernard, Camille Claudel, Odilon Redon, Robert Delaunay, Henri Matisse or Modigliani was given by Marlene Spencer to the Musée d'Orsay.
Hays donated $2 million to his alma mater, Texas Christian University. He previously served on its board of trustees.

## Personal life and death

Hays met his wife, Marlene, at 14; they married when he was 19. They resided in a mansion modeled after the Hôtel de Noirmoutier in Nashville, Tennessee. They also owned an apartment in Manhattan, New York City.
Hays died on March 1, 2017, at age 80.
# Hannes Manninen

Hannes Manninen (born 20 December 1946) is a Finnish politician of the Centre Party, born in Kuusamo. He has been a member of the Parliament of Finland since 1995 and Minister of Regional and Municipal Affairs of Finland 2003–2007.
| Preceded byMartti Korhonen | Minister of Regional and Municipal Affairs (Finland) 2003–2007 | Succeeded byMari Kiviniemi |
# Sparganothoides lentiginosana

Sparganothoides lentiginosana, the lentiginos moth, is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the United States from Maryland to Florida, west to Arkansas, Texas and Oklahoma, ranging south to Mexico in Tamaulipas and Veracruz.
The length of the forewings is 6–6.5 mm for males and 6.3–7.4 mm for females. Adults have been recorded year round, except November and December. There are several generations per year.
# Spilosoma erythrozona

Spilosoma erythrozona is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Vincenz Kollar in 1844. It is found in China (south-western Xinjiang, Tibet), eastern Afghanistan and Himalayas.

## Description

Head and thorax white; abdomen crimson above with black bands; white below, with two series of black spots. Wings white, some specimens with traces of a spot at end of cell and sub-marginal spots to both wings. Hab. JM. VV. Himalayas; Kashmir. Wingspan of the male 40 mm, female 46 mm.
# Spencer Records

Spencer Records (December 11, 1762 – February 17, 1850) was born in Sussex County, Delaware. He was an early pioneer of the American Midwest, who moved with his large family as a boy, in 1766, from the East Coast over the Appalachians into the area of Fort Pitt in Western Pennsylvania (now Pittsburgh). After staying there a few years, the family moved down the Ohio River into Kentucky, Indiana, and Illinois. His narrative of these travels, which he wrote in 1842 at the age of 80, is a first-hand account of the early settlement of the Midwest. He served in the Pennsylvania militia during the American Revolutionary War. He died in Mount Auburn, Indiana at the age of 87.
# Spellbrook

Spellbrook is a hamlet in Hertfordshire, situated between Bishop's Stortford and Sawbridgeworth.

## Location

Spellbrook is one mile south of Bishop's Stortford, thirteen miles east of Hertford and ten miles north of Epping. It lies on the A1184 The river Stort flows through the east of the town, past the Three Horseshoes public house. It has a school, Spellbrook Primary
Nearby towns and cities: Bishop's Stortford, Sawbridgeworth
Nearby villages: Trimms Green, Allen's Green, Little Hallingbury

## Politics and local government

Spellbrook is administered by East Hertfordshire district council.
Sawbridgeworth Town Council also covers Spellbrook.
# Spellcasting (series)

Spellcasting is a series of three interactive fiction games designed by Steve Meretzky during his time with Legend Entertainment. The games feature the character Ernie Eaglebeak, a student at the prestigious Sorcerer University. Spellcasting 101 is the first game created by Legend Entertainment, a hybrid graphical and text adventure format.

## Plot

Ernie Eaglebeak, a young boy, resides with his oppressive stepfather Joey Rottenwood, who confines him to the attic. Ernie holds affection for his neighbor Lola Tigerbelly, a young woman who is clearly beyond his reach. However, Ernie's fortunes change when he is admitted as a freshman to the esteemed Sorcerer University, a renowned magical institution. Initially enthralled by college life and encountering a few attractive women, Ernie's journey takes a different course when the invaluable Sorcerer's Appliance is stolen. Consequently, Ernie is entrusted with a perilous quest to reclaim this potent artifact. Armed with his spellbook and a magical surfboard, Ernie embarks on a venture across the vast Fizzbuttle Ocean, visiting diverse islands in search of vital clues.

## Games

* Spellcasting 101: Sorcerers Get All The Girls (1990)
* Spellcasting 201: The Sorcerer's Appliance (1991)
* Spellcasting 301: Spring Break (1992)
* Spellcasting 401: The Graduation Ball. This part of the cycle was never created.
# Hans Breuer (tenor)

Hans Breuer (27 April 1868, after other sources 1870 – 11 October 1929) was a German operatic tenor and opera director.

## Life

Born in Cologne, the son of the Cologne cathedral sculptor Peter Breuer first began a commercial apprenticeship. He studied singing with Benno Stolzenberg in Cologne on the advice of the conductor Franz Wüllner then completed his studies at the Bayreuth school with Julius Kniese [de] and Cosima Wagner.
Breuer made his debut in 1894 in small roles at the Bayreuth Festival. His breakthrough came in 1896 as the mime in Siegfried. Until 1914, he appeared regularly in this role at Bayreuth, and in 1899 also as David in Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg.
From 1896 to 1897, he sang at the Wrocław Opera, and in 1897 he undertook a guest performance tour of North America. From 1899 to 1900, he was a member of the ensemble at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City. His debut role here was that of the Steersman in The Flying Dutchman. In 1898 and 1900, he made guest appearances at the Royal Opera House in London, in 1901 as Mime at the Staatsoper Unter den Linden and in the same role in 1906 at the Bavarian State Opera.
From 1900 to 1929, he was a member of the Vienna State Opera (since 1918 State Opera). Here he was seen and heard as Melot in the New production [de] of Tristan und Isolde conducted by Gustav Mahler in 1903. In 1909, he gave a guest performance as Mime at the Zurich Opera House, in 1910 at the Salzburg Mozart Festival as Monostatos in the magic flute. In 1922 and 1925 he appeared as Basilio in the marriage of Figaro at the Salzburg Festival.
On 10 October 1919, he staged the world premiere of the opera Die Frau ohne Schatten by Richard Strauss at the Vienna State Opera. He also took on directing duties at the Salzburg Festival on several occasions. Thus, in 1922, he directed all four operas performed at the Festival (it was the first year in which any operas were performed there). Later, Breuer was active as a pedagogue.
Breuer died in Perchtoldsdorf, where he was also buried at Perchtoldsdorfer Friedhof [de].
His son Siegfried Breuer (1906-1954) became a well-known actor.
# Sphenomorphus granulatus

Sphenomorphus granulatus is a species of skink found in Papua New Guinea.
# Spotfin goby cichlid

The spotfin goby cichlid (Tanganicodus irsacae) is an African species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it is only known from the northern end of the lake. They live amongst pebbles in the surf-zone. This species can reach a length of 7 centimetres (2.8 in) TL. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade. Although presently considered the only species in the genus, another undescribed species is known from the Lukuga River (Lake Tanganyika's outflow river).

## Parasites

The monogenean Cichlidogyrus evikae, a gill parasite, has been described from the spotfin goby cichlid.
# Sphaerodinus

Sphaerodinus is a genus in the ground beetle family Carabidae. There are at least two described species in Sphaerodinus, found in Madagascar.

## Species

These two species belong to the genus Sphaerodinus:
* Sphaerodinus goudoti Jeannel, 1949
* Sphaerodinus pauliani Basilewsky, 1977
# Sphaerodothella

Sphaerodothella is a genus of fungi in the family Phyllachoraceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Sphaerodothella danthoniae.
# Spoy

Spoy may refer to the following places in France:
* Spoy, Aube, a commune in the department of Aube
* Spoy, Côte-d'Or, a commune in the department of Côte-d'Or