OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lonely Are the Brave (Maverick Sabre album)

Lonely Are the Brave is the debut studio album by English-Irish singer and rapper Maverick Sabre. The album was first released on 27 January 2012 in Ireland, which was succeeded by a release in the United Kingdom on 6 February 2012. Three singles preceded its release, "Let Me Go" (July 2011), "I Need" (November 2011) and "No One" (February 2012). Lonely Are the Brave debuted at number-two on the UK Albums Chart with first-week sales of 44,292 copies, also peaking at number two on the Scottish Albums Chart and number three on the Irish Albums Chart.

## Background

Speaking in December 2011, Sabre explained his reasons for titling the album 'Lonely Are The Brave': "'Lonely Are The Brave' was actually the title of an old movie that I first heard about when I was really young - around 12 or 13 - and I actually thought the feeling captured in that one phrase was amazing, because I feel everybody at some point in their lives needs to be brave to get through loneliness. And, because I thought it also summed up a lotta the emotion behind this album - particularly in terms of where I was at when I was writing a lotta the songs - I just felt as a title it fitted the project really well."

## Critical reception

Digital Spy gave the album 4 stars out of 5 stars - "But while his voice may sound part-Amy Winehouse, part-Daniel Merriweather, few could accuse him of leaning on others [...] his first collection of self-penned tracks is both brutally opinionated and unnervingly honest."

## Singles

"Let Me Go" was first released in the United Kingdom on 22 July 2011 as the lead single from Lonely Are the Brave. It debuted at number sixteen on the UK chart, marking Sabre's second top forty single after "Jungle"; which peaked at number thirty-one. The song also peaked at number thirty-eight on the Irish chart and number twenty-seven on the Scottish chart. The track was succeeded by "I Need", first released as the second single from Lonely Are the Brave on 4 November 2011. "I Need" debuted at number eighteen on the UK chart, Sabre's second consecutive release to achieve this feat, also peaking at number thirty-two on the Irish chart and number twenty-four on the Scottish chart - higher than the peak of the previous release. A third single, "No One", was released in the UK on 5 February 2012 to coincide with the album release. The single failed to chart in Ireland and Scotland, despite debuting at number fifty on the UK chart. A fourth single, "I Used To Have It All", was released in the UK on 30 April 2012. The fifth single "These Days" was released on 2 July 2012.

## Release history

Release history and formats for Lonely Are the Brave :
| Country | Release date | Format(s) |
| Ireland | 27 January 2012 | Digital download |
| United Kingdom | 6 February 2012 | Digital download |
| United Kingdom | 6 February 2012 | CD |
# Dohak

Dohak may refer to:
* Deyhuk, village also spelled Dohak, capital of Deyhuk District, Iran
* Dohak-dong, dong (neighbourhood) of Daegu, South Korea
* Mubarak Dohak, Malay royal in Negeri Sembilan
# Long-tailed pocket mouse

The long-tailed pocket mouse (Chaetodipus formosus) is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in Arizona, California, Nevada and Utah in the United States and Baja California in Mexico.
# Persian units of measurement

An official system of weights and measures was established in the ancient Persian Empire under the Achaemenid dynasty (550-350 BCE). The shekel and mina ("profane" or "sacred") were units of both weight and volume. A shekel or mina weight was equal to the weight of that volume of water. The talent was a measure of weight used for large amounts of coinage. Some related units were used in Persia in the 19th century, and are still used in contemporary Iran.

## Ancient Persian units
### Length

| Persian unit | Persian name | Relation to previous unit | Metric Value | Imperial Value |
| digit finger | انگشت (angosht) | | ≈ 20 mm | ≈ 0.8 in |
| hand | dva | 5 aiwas | ≈ 100 mm | ≈ 4 in |
| foot | trayas | 3 dva | ≈ 300 mm | ≈ 1 foot |
| four-hands | remen | 4 dva | ≈ 400 mm | ≈ 16 in |
| cubit (five-hands) | pank'a dva | 5 dva | ≈ 500 mm | ≈ 20 in |
| great cubit (six-hands) | (k)swacsh dva | 6 dva | ≈ 600 mm | ≈ 2 ft |
| pace | pank'a | 5 trayas | ≈ 1.5 m | ≈ 5 ft |
| ten-foot | daca trayas | 2 pank'a | ≈ 3 m | ≈ 10 ft |
| hundred-foot | chebel | 8 daca trayas | ≈ 24 m | ≈ 80 ft |
| league, the distance a horse could walk in one hour. | parasang | 250 chebel | ≈ 6 km | ≈ 3.75 miles |
| mansion, one day's march on the Royal Road. | (Greek stathmos) | 4 or 5 parasang | ≈ 24–30 km | ≈ 14–18 miles |
| Asparsa | Asparsa | | ≈ 187–195 m and = 360 cubits | |

### Volume

The shekel and mina ("profane" or "sacred") were units of both weight and volume. A shekel or mina weight was equal to the weight of that volume of water. Note that the values given for the mina do not match the definitions.
    1 shekel = 8.3 ml (approximately 1 cubic aiwas).
    1 profane mina = 50 shekel = 500 ml (approximately 27 cubic aiwas).
    1 sacred mina = 60 shekel = 600 ml (approximately 1 cubic dva).
    1 talent (volume) = 60 profane mina = 25 liters (approximately 1 cubic trayas).

### Weight

The talent was a measure of weight used for large amounts of coinage (bullion, bulk coin), rather than an individual coin. Seven Babylonian talents equalled ten Attic talents, according to a list of the revenues of Cyrus the Great (Cyrus II of Persia) recorded in Herodotus.
𐎣𐎼𐏁 (karša) or 𐎣𐎼𐏁𐎹𐎠 (karšayā) is a unit of weight equal to 10 Babylonian shekels or 1⁄6 Babylonian mina weighing approximately 83 g (2.9 oz).

## Units used in modern Persia (Iran)

Some related units were used in Persia in the 19th century, and are still used in contemporary Iran.

### Length

    1 arsani or ulna = 52-64 cm.
    1 arish = 38.27 inches (97.21 cm)
    1 chebel = 40 arsani = 21-25 meters or 23-30 yards.
    1 farsang (parasang) = 6.23 km in 19th century Persia.
    1 farsang = 10 kilometers in modern Iran and Turkey.

### Volume

    1 chenica = 1.32 liters.
# Longepierre

Longepierre is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.
# Longeing cavesson

A longeing cavesson (UK English: lungeing) is a piece of equipment used when longeing a horse.$^{:193–94}$$^{:66-7}$ A longeing cavesson consists of a heavy, padded noseband, metal rings to attach the longe line, a throatlatch, and sometimes additional straps such as a jowl strap or a browband for added stability. It is placed on the horse's head in a manner somewhat akin to a halter, but provides significantly more control than a halter, without placing pressure on the horse's mouth as a bridle would. The noseband should be just below the cheekbone, several inches above the nostrils sitting on the nasal bone, and fitted snugly. The jowl strap should be very snug to prevent the cavesson from slipping into the horse's eye.
The key feature of a longeing cavesson is the strategic placement of rings for varying places to attach the longe line: one at the top of the nasal bone and one each side of the noseband. Many other types of headgear may be used for longeing, but the longeing cavesson is most commonly associated with dressage and related training methods and is designed to allow more subtle communication between handler and horse.
A longeing cavesson may be used with a snaffle bridle. The cavesson is put on under the bridle, with the noseband of the cavesson under the bridle cheekpieces. On some horses, the bridle cheekpieces may need to be lengthened to allow this. If the bridle also has its own cavesson, it may need to be removed to reduce bulk and avoid interference with other components.
# Longenecker

Longenecker is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bob Longenecker (1909–2002), American talent agent and television producer
* Herbert E. Longenecker (1912-2010), eleventh president of Tulane University
* Joel Minnick Longenecker (1847–1906), American statesman
* John Longenecker (born 1947), American film producer
* Richard Longenecker, New Testament scholar
* G. William (Bill) Longenecker, (1899-1969), American landscape architect and academic
* George W Longenecker, Founder of the West Virginia Botanic Garden
* Martha Longenecker
# Loh Wai Kong v Malaysia

Loh Wai Kong v Government of Malaysia (1979) 2 MLJ 33 was a case heard in the Federal Court of Malaysia. Loh Wai Kong sought a ruling from the courts that Malaysian citizens were entitled to travel overseas as a fundamental right under Article 5 of the Constitution. The Federal Court ruled that no such right existed.

## Background

Loh was a permanent resident of Australia. He returned to Malaysia in April 1975, and was charged with a criminal offense in the High Court at Ipoh on 2 August 1976. Loh obtained bail on condition that he surrender his passport. On 2 March 1977, his passport expired, and Loh had it returned. He later applied for a new passport, citing the need to return to Australia by 1978, or his resident visa there would expire. The authorities rejected the application, saying that he was involved in a criminal case and that the issuance of a passport was at the discretion of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King). Loh then filed suit in the High Court at Penang, asking the court to compel the government to issue him a passport, on the grounds that the right to travel abroad is a fundamental liberty protected by the Constitution.
The High Court rejected Loh's application, but made a number of statements in its ruling which the government disagreed with. In particular, the trial judge held that the phrase "personal liberty" in Article 5 of the Constitution included the right to leave the country, and that the refusal to issue a passport constituted an infringement of the right to personal liberty. The government thus appealed to the Federal Court for clarification.
In the Federal Court, Loh's lawyer said that although Loh did not have an absolute right to a passport, he did have a qualified right on condition of good character. The government responded that no such right, absolute or qualified, existed.

## Judgment

The judgment penned by Lord President Tun Mohamed Suffian Mohamed Hashim held that the Constitution is silent as to the right to travel overseas, although it refers to the right to travel and reside within the country. Suffian noted the Indian case of Satwant Singh Sawhney v D Ramarathnam, where the Indian courts held that Article 21 of the Constitution of India — roughly corresponding with the Malaysian Article 5 — does include the right to travel abroad. However, he cited with approval the minority judgment in the case, and stated that the issuance of passports was a prerogative of the Malaysian government, concluding:
   To sum up, "personal liberty" in article 5 means liberty relating to or concerning the person or body of the individual; that article does not confer on the citizen a fundamental right to leave the country. On the contrary, the Government may stop a person from leaving the country if, for instance, there are criminal charges pending against him.
# Long line

Long line or longline may refer to:
* Long Line, an album by Peter Wolf
* Long line (topology), or Alexandroff line, a topological space
* Long line (telecommunications), a transmission line in a long-distance communications network
* Longline fishing, a commercial fishing technique
* AT&T Long Lines, a telecommunications network
* AT&T Long Lines Building, now known as 33 Thomas Street, a building in New York City
* Aerial crane or longline, a transport method
* Peripherally inserted central catheter, a medical device
# Long Hill, North Carolina

Long Hill is a small unincorporated community in the Long Hill Township of Surry County, North Carolina. The community is centered on the intersection of Longhill Road, Ararat Road and Old U.S. Highway 52.
# Lohawat

Lohawat is a Block and village of phalodi district in Rajasthan, India. It became Lohawat (Rajasthan Assembly constituency) seat in 2008.
# Longchaeus maculosus

Longchaeus maculosus, common name the sulcate pyram, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 20 mm and 50 mm.
The grayish white shell is elongated, turreted, brilliant and pointed at its summit. It is slightly widened at its base nebulously longitudinally strigate with pale orange-chestnut, frequently breaking up into revolving series of dots. Its color is sometimes inclining to red, spotted with numerous brown spots arranged in transverse series, three in number upon each whorl, and five upon the body whorl. Upon its surface are seen large, brown, dull, and irregular spots.;Sometimes the points which adorn the shell are united, and form undulating, longitudinal lines. The spire is formed of fifteen or sixteen slightly convex, distinct whorls. The shallow suture is linear. The body whorl is short, and not perforated at the base. The small aperture is subovate, and at its depth are seen indistinct grooves. It is terminated at its base by a small, narrow, and shallow groove. The columella is somewhat arcuated, and presents three unequal folds towards the base.:The first is most projecting, and runs almost horizontally. The two others are small, oblique, and parallel. The outer lip is arcuated, thin, sharp and slightly convex.
Young specimens of this species are very slightly striated, and of a reddish color. Undulating lines and brown spots, distributed here and there, cover the shell. Some specimens are of a still redder color, and the points upon the shell are then more numerous, and of a deeper tint. The length of the shell varies between 18 mm and 50 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Red Sea, off New Zealand and in the following locations of the Indian Ocean :
* Aldabra
* Madagascar
* Mascarene Basin
* Tanzania
# Loop entropy

Loop entropy is the entropy lost upon bringing together two residues of a polymer within a prescribed distance. For a single loop, the entropy varies logarithmically with the number of residues $N$ in the loop
    $\Delta S=\alpha k_{B}\ln N\,$
where $k_{B}$ is the Boltzmann constant and $\alpha$ is a coefficient that depends on the properties of the polymer. This entropy formula corresponds to a power-law distribution $P\sim N^{-\alpha }$ for the probability of the residues contacting.
The loop entropy may also vary with the position of the contacting residues. Residues near the ends of the polymer are more likely to contact (quantitatively, have a lower $\alpha$) than those in the middle (i.e., far from the ends), primarily due to excluded volume effects.

## Wang-Uhlenbeck entropy

The loop entropy formula becomes more complicated with multiples loops, but may be determined for a Gaussian polymer using a matrix method developed by Wang and Uhlenbeck. Let there be $M$ contacts among the residues, which define $M$ loops of the polymers. The Wang-Uhlenbeck matrix $\mathbf {W}$ is an $M\times M$ symmetric, real matrix whose elements $W_{ij}$ equal the number of common residues between loops $i$ and $j$. The entropy of making the specified contacts equals
    $\Delta S=\alpha k_{B}\ln \det \mathbf {W}$
As an example, consider the entropy lost upon making the contacts between residues 26 and 84 and residues 58 and 110 in a polymer (cf. ribonuclease A). The first and second loops have lengths 58 (=84-26) and 52 (=110-58), respectively, and they have 26 (=84-58) residues in common. The corresponding Wang-Uhlenbeck matrix is
    $\mathbf {W} \ {\overset {\underset {\mathrm {def} }}{=}}{\begin{bmatrix}58&&26\\26&&52\end{bmatrix}}$
whose determinant is 2340. Taking the logarithm and multiplying by the constants $\alpha k_{B}$ gives the entropy.
# Pernay

Pernay (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.
# Lois Lane (artist)

Lois Lane (born 6 January 1948) is an American painter born in Philadelphia. Her work is included in the collections of the Whitney Museum of American Art the Pérez Art Museum Miami, and the Museum of Modern Art, New York. Lane resides in New York City.
Lane's work is characterised by complex imagery influenced by minimalism, and rendered akin to collage.
# Loramie Township, Shelby County, Ohio

Loramie Township is one of the fourteen townships of Shelby County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 2,650 people in the township.

## Geography

Located in the southwestern corner of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Cynthian Township – north
* Washington Township – east
* Washington Township, Miami County – southeast
* Newberry Township, Miami County – south
* Wayne Township, Darke County – west
* Patterson Township, Darke County – northwest corner
The village of Russia is located in western Loramie Township, and the unincorporated communities of Houston and Mount Jefferson lie in the northern and northeastern parts of the township.

## Name and history

Loramie Township was established in 1825, and named after a pioneer merchant. It is the only Loramie Township statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# Doctor Akakia

Doctor Akakia (French: Histoire du Docteur Akakia et du Natif de St Malo, 1752–1753) is a satirical book of a very biting nature by Voltaire, directed against pretentious pedants of science in the person of Maupertuis, the President of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Berlin. It so excited the anger of Frederick the Great, the patron of the Academy, that "[t]he Akakia was officially condemned in Prussia and burned by the public executioner on Christmas Eve of 1752".
# Doctor Almasaro

Doctor Almasaro, or The Jews of Palermo (Yiddish: Doctor Almasaro, oder Die Yiden in Palermo) is a historical, dramatic play in rhymed couplets by Abraham Goldfaden, written some time between 1880 and 1883. The title character's name is also variously rendered as Doctor Almasado, Doctor Almaraso, and Doctor Almasada.
Jacob Adler describes it as being written in "pure, simple Yiddish", avoiding the tendency of many Yiddish historical plays of its time to "Germanize" the Yiddish, especially for Gentile characters, a practice comparable to using many words of Latin origin in one's English. Adler criticizes it for its lack of "strong monologues", "powerful situations", and "dramatic conflict", but describes it as coming, like Shulamith and Bar Kokhba from "Goldfaden's best period", and writes that "under the calm of [the title character's] demeanor lay a grand power, a power he has sworn never to use unless all else failed," and characterizes this role as a model for "what I call the 'Grand Jew', that has given my life in the theater its greatest meaning."
# Doctor Antonio (1937 film)

Doctor Antonio (Italian: Il dottor Antonio) is a 1937 Italian historical drama film directed by Enrico Guazzoni and starring Ennio Cerlesi, Maria Gambarelli, and Lamberto Picasso. The film is an adaptation of the 1855 novel of the same title by Giovanni Ruffini set during the Risorgimento. It was shot at the Cinecittà Studios in Rome with location shooting on the island of Ischia off Naples. The film's sets were designed by the art director Gherardo Gherardi.
The story takes place during the reign of Ferdinand II. A revolutionary leader falls in love with the daughter of an Englishman.

## Cast

* Ennio Cerlesi as Il dottor Antonio
* Maria Gambarelli as Miss Lucy
* Lamberto Picasso as Sir John Davenne
* Tina Zucchi as Speranza
* Vinicio Sofia as Turi
* Mino Doro as Prospero
* Margherita Bagni as Miss Elizabeth
* Claudio Ermelli as Tom
* Luigi Pavese as Aubrey
* Giannina Chiantoni as Rosa
* Romolo Costa as Hasting
* Augusto Di Giovanni as Ferdinando II di Napoli
* Guido Celano as Domenico Morelli
* Enzo Biliotti as Carlo Poerio
* Alfredo Menichelli as Luigi Settembrini
* Massimo Pianforini as Lord Cleverton
* Rocco D'Assunta as Michele Pironti
* Vittorio Bianchi as Il dottore Stage
* Alfredo Robert as Il generale Nunziante
* Enzo De Felice as Romeo
* Olinto Cristina as Ambasciatore inglese
* Giuseppe Duse as Ufficiale borbonico
* Achille Majeroni as L'avvocato dell'accusa
* Giovanni Onorato as Un oratore in piazza
* Aristide Garbini as Conspiratore
* Pietro Tordi as L'altro conspiratore
* Luigi Esposito
* Cesare Fantoni
* Giovanni Ferraguti
* Giovanni Ferrari
* Alessio Gobbi
* Gilberto Macellari
* Michele Malaspina
* Ermena Malusardi
* Ornella Da Vasto
* Alessandra Varna
# London Cemetery and Extension

The London Cemetery and Extension is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery at High Wood near Longueval, France. It is the third largest of the Somme battlefield cemeteries, containing 3,872 World War I burials.
The cemetery stands directly opposite High Wood as it exists today. This area was the centre of fierce fighting in 1916 and the first interments at what would become the London Cemetery were 47 soldiers of the 47th (London) Division killed in the Battle of Flers-Courcelette on 15 September. These soldiers, barely a handful of those who had lost their lives in the attack, were buried in a large shell hole in the days following the battle. By the time of the Armistice, further burials had taken place, bringing the number of graves to 101.
The Extension of the cemetery came in the years following the war when graves from the surrounding battlefields were transferred to the land around the London Cemetery, greatly increasing its size. Like a number of other cemeteries and memorials in the area, the London Cemetery and Extension was designed by architect Sir Herbert Baker. The original battlefield cemetery was left intact within The London Cemetery and Extension following its redesign.
Although the cemetery primarily contains World War I graves, 165 soldiers were reburied there after World War II. These graves are together in one section at the far end of the cemetery.
# Longview, British Columbia

Longview was a cannery town on the South Coast of British Columbia, Canada, located near Langdale and Port Mellon on the west, mainland side of Thornbrough Channel, a side-channel of Howe Sound separating Gambier Island from the mainland Sunshine Coast. Another cannery town on the same bit of coast was just south, at Seaside Park.
49°32′N 123°29′W﻿ / ﻿49.533°N 123.483°W﻿ / 49.533; -123.483
# Peter Sykes

Peter Sykes may refer to:
* Peter Sykes (director) (1939–2006), Australian/British film director
* Peter Sykes (chemist) (1923–2003), British chemist
# Frigorífico Anglo del Uruguay

The Frigorífico Anglo del Uruguay was a meatpacking plant located at Fray Bentos, Uruguay, on the Uruguay River bank.
In 1924, the Vestey group purchased the old facilities of Liebig Extract of Meat Company and the production went under a new name. Products were sold in Europe under the brand name Fray Bentos.
During its peak period, El Anglo had 5,000 workers whose ranks included English, Belgians, Russians, Spanish and Italians. It finally closed in 1979 after Europe and the United States had cut back their purchases from Latin America. Small brick houses with thick walls running along the river's edge in Fray Bentos form the "Barrio Anglo," a city-within-a-city where meatpacking workers lived that featured a hospital, a school, a social club and a football squad.