OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Exmouth Town Hall

Exmouth Town Hall is a municipal building in St Andrews Road in Exmouth, a town in Devon, England. The building currently serves as the meeting place of Exmouth Town Council and also accommodates some staff from East Devon District Council.

## History

Following significant population growth, largely associated with its status as a seaside resort, the town appointed a local board in 1850. In the early 1870s, courtyards and tenements were cleared in preparation for the construction of terrace buildings in Rolle Street, and the board later established its offices in a three-storey terrace building there. After the local board was succeeded by an urban district council in 1894, the council looked for more substantial offices. An application was submitted for funding for the new offices in 1925 and it moved to a large Victorian house known as St Bernards in St Andrews Road in around 1930.
In the late 1950s, the council redeveloped the site, replacing the old house with a modern structure, to be known as the Town Hall, which retained elements of the old design, e.g. the bi-partite Italianate windows, and which was completed in around 1960.
The design involved an asymmetrical main frontage of eight bays facing onto St Andrews Road. The left-hand section of two bays was projected forward in relation to the right-hand section of six bays. The first bay, which was further projected forward, featured a prominent bay window with pilasters and keystones and on the ground floor, while the second bay was fenestrated with a bi-partite square-headed window in a similar style, and the first floor had bi-partite round-headed windows in both bays. The right-hand section featured a doorway with an architrave flanked by casement windows and protected by a semi-circular canopy supported by columns. The other bays in the right-hand section were fenestrated by casement windows. At roof level, there was a Châteauesque-style roof with attic windows. The building was later extended with an extra bay to the left. Internally, the principal room was the council chamber.
The building ceased to be the local seat of government when the enlarged East Devon District Council was formed at Sidmouth in 1974. Instead the building became the offices and meeting place of Exmouth Town Council, which rented some space in the building from its owners, East Devon District Council. A plaque commemorating the life of Sub-lieutenant Reginald Warneford, who was awarded the Victoria Cross for air-bombing a Zeppelin during the First World War, was fixed to the wall of the town hall in 1999.
In 2009, local residents proposed that the town hall be added to the National Heritage List for England, but the bid have the building listed was unsuccessful. An extensive programme of refurbishment works, undertaken by Interserve to a design by LHC Design, was completed in October 2017, enabling East Devon District Council to relocate some of its staff from Sidmouth into the town hall.
# Drepatelodes trilineata

Drepatelodes trilineata is a moth in the Apatelodidae family. It was described by Paul Dognin in 1912.
# Judge's Shield

Judge's Shield is a gamemaster's screen created by Judges Guild in 1977 for the fantasy role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons, the first such screen to be published.

## Contents

Judge's Shield is a gamemaster's screen that was designed for use with TSR's new role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons. It was designed to be placed between the gamemaster and the players in order to preserve the secrecy of the gamemaster's information as well as hiding any dice rolls made by the gamemaster. Judge's Shield was the first gamemaster's screen to be sold commercially.

## Publication history

Judge's Shield was published by Judges Guild in 1977 as three cardstock sheets. The three pieces of 8.5" x 11" cardstock were designed to be taped together to form a three-panel screen, the two outer pieces in a vertical (portrait) orientation, and the middle piece in a horizontal (landscape) orientation. This design allowed the gamemaster to peer over the lower middle section more easily. The Judge's Shield had tables on both sides of the screen, with information relevant to the players on their side, and information for the gamemaster on the other side. Information included "Attack matrices with minus armor classes, saving throws, weapons' strikes & damages, weapon priority, phantasmal forces, encounters, experience points & levels, monster compendium of statistics." The Judge's Shield proved to be a popular item, and less than a year after it was introduced, it had become the second best-selling product for Judges Guild.$^{:191}$
Judges Guild began its publication of original materials with a subscription format, and the Judges Shield (1977) was the first original item that they produced outside of their subscription system — following their reprints of the City State and Ready Ref.
In 1979, Judges Guild also produced a gamemaster screen for Game Designers' Workshop's science fiction role-playing game Traveller, and followed this with a version for RuneQuest in 1980.

## Reception

Don Turnbull reviewed The Judge's Shield for White Dwarf #3. Turnbull commented: "These panels contain virtually all the information needed for DM and players during a game, and moreover are much more durable than the Ready Ref Sheets. Unless you have made up your own, an essential for any serious DM."

## Reviews

* The Playboy Winner's Guide to Board Games
# Tim Lees-Spalding

Rear Admiral Ian Jaffery "Tim" Lees-Spalding, CB (16 June 1920 – 1 July 2001) was a senior marine engineer in the Royal Navy before becoming Administrator of the London International Film School and co-founder of the Macmillan and Silk Cut Nautical Almanac.

## Early life

Lees-Spalding, always known as Tim, was born in Ealing, London, on 16 June 1920, and educated at Blundell's School in Tiverton and the Royal Naval Engineering College.

## Naval career

Lees-Spalding had joined the Royal Navy in 1938 and in 1941, while still under training, was awarded a King's Commendation for Brave Conduct for digging out with his bare hands a woman trapped beneath a pile of rubble after a German night air raid on Plymouth. A year later, he was awarded a Royal Lifesaving Institution Medal for rescuing a drowning man from the sea off Teignmouth.
In 1943 Lees-Spalding went to sea in the anti-aircraft cruiser HMS Sirius, which saw action in the Mediterranean, and he was present at Operation Husky, the invasion of Sicily in July.
Following the Italian Armistice in September 1943, the 12th Cruiser Squadron, of which Sirius was part, landed troops of the British 1st Airborne Division at Taranto. The ship suffered bomb damage off the Greek island of Leros in October and Lees-Spalding was still serving when Sirius took part in the Normandy Landings in June 1944 before returning to the Mediterranean for the invasion of southern France in August. In January 1945, Sirius helped to host the Anglo-American talks prior to the Yalta Conference, providing accommodation for the Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden and the US Secretary of State Edward Stettinius.
Lees-Spalding later served in submarines, before being promoted to commander in 1952; this was followed by service in HMS Cleopatra (a sister-ship to Sirius) and the new destroyer HMAS Duchess.
As the Commander (Executive Officer) of the Royal Naval Engineering College, by now located at Manadon near Plymouth, Lees-Spalding was the first non-Gunnery Officer to preside over the Queen's Birthday Parade on Plymouth Hoe in 1959. He subsequently returned to sea as the Commander (E) of the new cruiser HMS Tiger in the Far East.
Promoted to captain in 1962, Lees-Spalding undertook a variety of engineering staff jobs ashore. Towards the end of his naval career he was promoted to rear admiral in June 1969 he was appointed Chief of Staff, Naval Home Command, a post he held until June 1971. He was next appointed as Chief Staff Officer (Technical) to the Commander-in-Chief Fleet. He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1973.

## Later career

After leaving the Royal Navy in 1974, Lees-Spalding was appointed Administrator of the London International Film School. Despite no previous experience in the field, he quickly sorted out the school's financial problems.
In 1981 Lees-Spalding co-founded the Macmillan and Silk Cut Nautical Almanac, which became a handbook for Britain's yachtsmen, and Lees-Spalding remained editor until 1992.

## Sources

* ↑ England and Wales, Death Index, 1989–2018
* Obituary of Rear-Adml Tim Lees-Spalding, The Daily Telegraph, 28 August 2001.
# Divaricella dentata

Divaricella dentata, or the dentate lucine, is a species of bivalve mollusc in the family Lucinidae. It can be found along the coast of the West Indies.
# Forcadell

Forcadell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carme Forcadell (born 1956), Catalan linguist and politician
* Laia Forcadell (born 1982), Catalan sprinter and hurdler
# Foundation for Interreligious and Intercultural Research and Dialogue

The Foundation for Interreligious and Intercultural Research and Dialogue (FIIRD) is a registered charitable organization in Alberta, Canada.
The main program of the FIIRD is to enhance knowledge and the critical examination of the wellsprings of each religious tradition and then to acquire the linguistic and strategic tools needed to study the normative scriptures of these religions without syncretism or proselytism. It was founded in 1999, and sponsored by the Levant Foundation with the University of Geneva in Switzerland. FIIRD later became known as FIIDI.

## Projects and Goals

In 2006 the FIIRD has published a boxed set of three holy books: the Hebrew Bible, the New Testament, and the Holy Qur'an.
Another goal of the FIIRD, supported by the Levant Foundation, was to create a post-doctoral program at the University of Geneva in the field of interreligious and intercultural dialogue whereby several Fellows, each possessing a Ph.D. in multiple subjects, and those who are dedicated to further their knowledge and understanding of the monotheistic religions, participate in approved research and publish their results all done with the goal of searching for peace between the Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

## Activities and Partnerships

In 2019, FIIDI partnered with Girls Not Brides.
In 2022, FIIDI partnered with the Hague Peace Project in Sierra Leone.

## Board of trustees

The Board of Trustees has included notable religious and political men, such as:
* Jamal Daniel, also FIIRD co-founder, current Vice President, and Trustee.
* Prince El Hassan bin Talal, of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
* Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger (the future Pope Benedict XVI)
* Archbishop Michael L. Fitzgerald, Apostolic Nuncio in Egypt (who replaced Foundation co-founder and Trustee Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger, later Pope Benedict XVI)
* Chief Rabbi Rene-Samuel Sirat, former Chief Rabbi of France
* Sayyed Jawad Al-Khoei, Imam Al-Khoei Benevolent Foundation
* Emmanuel Adamakis, Metropolitan of France, Liaison Office of the Orthodox Church to the European Union
* Maitre Michel Halperin, Lawyer, Member of the Grand Conseil de la Republique et Canton de Geneve and its President in 2006
* Neil Bush, son of former President George H. W. Bush
* Professor Damaskinos Papandreou, former Metropolitan of Switzerland and Director of the Orthodox Center of the Ecumenical Patriarchate (Chambes/Geneva)

### List of FIIRD Fellows

* Leila El Bachiri
* Stefano Bigliardi
* Vito Evola
* Omar Fassatoui
* Naël Georges
* Guila-Clara Kessous
* Daniel Moulin-Stozek
* Ionut Untea
# Franc Abulnar

Franc Abulnar (11 July 1909 – 18 November 1995) was a Yugoslav cyclist. He rode for Hermes Ljubljana. as the first Slovenian he competed at 1936 Tour de France and was second on Yugoslav National Road Race Championships in 1938.
# Fortifications of Mycenae

Mycenae is a city in the Argolid, in the Peloponnese peninsula of Greece. It was first excavated by Heinrich and Sophia Schliemann in the 1870s and is believed to have flourished in the Mid- to Late Bronze Age. The fortifications of Mycenae were built with the use of Cyclopean masonry. With the citadel built on a cliff, the architects created protection not only for the upper class that lived within the walls, but the lower-class farmers in the surrounding areas, who could find refuge there in times of war. Due to high competition in the Mid to Late Bronze Age, the citadel wall expanded significantly with the inclusion of Grave Circle A and the addition of the Lion Gate.

## Citadel Walls (expansion and inclusion of Grave Circle A)

Mycenae had a wall of large, irregular stones that were laid together without mortar. The walls of the citadel were expanded over the Late Helladic III (LH III) period, the reason believed to be regional competition. In the LH IIIB period, competition between regions led to the "enlargement" of the cities. This expansion not only included the creation of the Lion Gate and Postern Gate, but also the inclusion of Grave Circle A within the walls of the citadel. The Postern Gate in the back of the citadel was believed to be a back entrance for citizens from the surrounding area to enter in times of attack.

### Lion Gate

The structure of the "main entrance" had a military attack advantage built into it. In order to enter, an invading army would have to turn right around a high bastion protruding out of the right side of the gate. Warriors of the period, traditionally, held their shields on their left arm and their weapons in their right hand, which is displayed in pieces from the time, including a gold ring with a battle scene. With the warriors' right sides facing the bastion, it allowed for Mycenaean people to open fire on the exposed side of the warriors. Another significant fact about the gate is that above the door, there were two figures of giant felines. Due to this fact, the entrance was appropriately named the "Lion Gate" Lions likely inhabited modern Greece during the Bronze Age, but were driven back to Thrace by the time of the Classical Age. The overall symbolism of the lions above the gate is not totally clear, but, it is believed that this was also inspired by the main entrance of Hattusa.

### Cyclopean masonry

The masonry used to build the citadel wall surrounding Mycenae was constructed with limestone. Archaeologists believe the walls were inspired by the fortifications of the Hittite capital of Hattusa. When Greeks later discovered these fortifications, they believed them to be the work of the Cyclopes, due to the size and weight of these stones, too heavy to be lifted by an average human. Therefore, the stone walls' design was named Cyclopean masonry, due to the belief that these "giants" built the walls. The first "Cyclopean" wall was built in the Late Helladic IIIA period then expanded to include Grave Circle A in the LH IIIB period.
# Forest Industries Telecommunications

Forest Industries Telecommunications (FIT) is a Federal Communications Commission (FCC) certified frequency coordinator and a non-profit association. Established in 1947, its members include those companies or individuals who employ or are eligible to use Land Mobile Radio Service (LMRS) two-way radios.
They help manage radio frequency spectrum, perform engineering services, and prepare and certify applications for submission to the FCC. In 1997, FIT was certified to coordinate and file applications on behalf of all business and special emergency entities.

## History

FIT was organized early in 1947 to represent the needs of the forest products industry to the Federal Communications Commission. The forest industry operates in remote regions where commercial wireless systems are not available; according to the FCC, this lack of coverage is one of the most commonly cited reasons for having a Private Land Mobile Radio (PLMR) system. Among the forestry industries, private radio service is chiefly used by the lumber and paper industries.
In 1982, the United States Congress amended the Communications Act of 1934, permitting the FCC to certify private companies as frequency coordinators in order to develop and manage the Land Mobile Radio Service spectrum. FIT was among the pioneers using computer databases to manage LMRS frequencies.
Until February 1997, private land mobile radio frequencies below 512 MHz were divided among ten separate radio services: the Industrial Radio Services (Power, Petroleum, Forest Products, Film & Video Production, Relay Press, Special Industrial, Business, Manufacturers, Telephone Maintenance) and the Land Transportation Radio Services (Motor Carrier, Railroad, Taxicab, Automobile Emergency). As part of a "refarming" initiative to use these frequencies more efficiently, the FCC consolidated these services into one Industrial/Business Radio Pool. As a former coordinator for the Forest Products pool, FIT could then coordinate frequencies throughout the Industrial/Business Radio Pool, along with the other former coordinators.
In November 2001, Nextel Communications proposed that the FCC relocate certain users of the 800 MHz radio band to address interference problems between commercial users and public-safety radio services. Along with the National Association of Manufacturers, MRFAC (another frequency coordinator), the American Petroleum Institute, and others, FIT protested Nextel's proposal. FIT endorsed a "consensus plan" alternative.
In 2004, the FCC extended FIT's frequency-coordination authority to the 929–930 MHz paging frequencies and the PLMR Special Emergency frequencies below 512 MHz.
FIT was the only group to protest a proposal removing the FCC's rule against high-powered mobile repeaters in the Industrial/Business Pool frequencies below 450 MHz in 2010, citing concerns that without the rule, licensees might engage in a "power war", creating interference. The FCC understood, but did not share, FIT's concern.
# Foundation for Subsidiarity

Foundation for Subsidiarity (Fondazione per la Sussidiarietà) is an Italian think tank founded in Milan, Italy, in 2002 with the goal to enrich cultural-scientific discourse and promote a vision of society based on the centrality of the person and the principle of subsidiarity. Through its projects, the Foundation has created a network of multidisciplinary collaborations both nationally and internationally.
# Fortune Chasi

Fortune Chasi (born 5 February 1965) is a Zimbabwean politician, member of parliament, and formerly served as the country's Minister of Energy and Power Development. Fortune became member of parliament in Zimbabwe for Mazowe South in the 2013 Zimbabwean Parliamentary Elections. Fortune was appointed the Deputy Minister of Justice and Legal Affairs by President Robert Mugabe on 10 September 2013.

## Early years

Fortune was born and raised in Mazowe. He attended Kanyemba Primary School. He went to Founders High School, followed by studying to become a lawyer at the University of Zimbabwe.

## Professional career

Fortune is a lawyer and Senior Partner at Chasi & Maguwudze Law Firm, which is based in Harare. He is also a musician.

## Political career

Fortune became an elected Member of the Parliament of Zimbabwe, representing Mazowe South Constituency in Mashonaland Central Province on the 3rd. of August 2013. Hon. Fortune Chasi was sworn in on 11 September 2013, as the Deputy Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs of Zimbabwe, under Hon. Emmerson Mnangagwa. Chasi was elevated to Minister of Energy and Power Development on 14 May 2019, in Mnangagwa’s Cabinet reshuffle, wherein his predecessor Joram Gumbo was moved to the President’s Office. On 14 August 2020, Chasi was, with immediate effect, relieved off this cabinet post.
# Fossarina picta

Fossarina picta is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusk in the family Trochidae, known as the top snails.

## Description

The shell grows to a length of 4 mm. The shell is depressed and turbinate, bearing a strong resemblance to Fossarina patula, though its spiral lirae are uniform and straightforward. The shell comprises four convex whorls, with a particularly sizable body whorl sporting a rounded margin. The lips are sharp and arcuate, while the aperture takes on a near-circular shape. The overall shell outline leans toward being more orbicular. Irregular purple-black radiating blotches are present on the shell, and the umbilical region typically displays a pale yellow hue.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the coat of South Korea and Japan.
# Fossarina patula

Fossarina patula is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

## Description

The shell grows to a length of 6 mm. The shell is widely umbilicated, with alternate larger and smaller tuberculated spiral ribs. The ribs are simple on the base. The umbilicus is acutely carinate-margined. The shell is whitish, sparsely maculated with dark brown. The three whorls are convex. The outer lip is ascending posteriorly.

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off New South Wales, Tasmania and Victoria
# Fossarina petterdi

Fossarina petterdi is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

## Description

The shell grows to a length of 4 mm. The shell is narrowly umbilicated, faintly spirally striate, with hardly visible longitudinal striae. It is dark purplish black, with a few irregular white markings. The three whorls are convex. The body whorl is large and rounded. The umbilical region is white. The interior is greenish black, showing the external white markings. The thin, horny operculum is multispiral.

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off South Australia, Tasmania and Victoria
# Four Brothers (mountain range)

The Four Brothers are a series of four mountain peaks in Del Norte County, California. All peaks are about a mile high the highest at 5310 ft. The southernmost peak contains an active fire lookout staffed by the USFS which can be accessed by Forest route 16N02A in the summer months. The peaks are known as Ship Mountain to locals and can be seen clearly from nearby Crescent City. During the winter season the area receives significant snowfall.
# Fourth Crossing, California

38°07′53″N 120°38′05″W﻿ / ﻿38.13139°N 120.63472°W﻿ / 38.13139; -120.63472
Fourth Crossing (formerly, Foremans) is an unincorporated community in Calaveras County, California. It lies at an elevation of 922 feet (281 m) and is located on State Route 49 at 38°07′53″N 120°38′05″W﻿ / ﻿38.13139°N 120.63472°W﻿ / 38.13139; -120.63472. The community is in ZIP code 95248 and area code 209.
Located on San Antonio Creek, the town was originally named Foremans, after its founder David Foreman, but became known as Fourth Crossing, as it was located at the fourth river crossing on the Stockton–Murphys Road. Foreman had established a ferry to cross the river, which they replaced with a toll bridge. The bridge is still standing to the west of the bridge that Hwy. 49 runs on.
The town was famous in the 1850s for its rich placer ores, which were replaced by lode mining. After the gold ran out, the town continued to operate as an important stagecoach and freighting depot, serving the southern mines until after the turn of the 20th century. The county's first Justice Court was established here, complete with a Justice of the Peace.
Today the town is little more than a few buildings and it is registered as California Historical Landmark #258.
A post office was opened in 1855 and discontinued in 1888; re-established in 1892 and closed for good in 1925.

## Politics

In the state legislature, Fourth Crossing is in the 8th Senate District, represented by Democrat Angelique Ashby, and the 5th Assembly District, represented by Republican Joe Patterson. Federally, Fourth Crossing is in California's 4th congressional district, represented by Democrat Mike Thompson.