OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# David Davies (test pilot)

David Pettit Davies OBE DSC (11 April 1920 – 30 November 2003) was a British test pilot who was chief test pilot for the United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority for 33 years. He was known as "the test pilots' test pilot".

## Career

Davies was born in Neath, South Wales. He joined the Royal Navy in 1940, and first served as a torpedo man. He survived the sinking of HMS Patia in April 1941. He joined the Fleet Air Arm, flying his first solo on a Tiger Moth in 1941, and served in 818 Naval Air Squadron on the carrier HMS Unicorn off Norway, Biscay and in the Salerno landings, flying the Fairey Swordfish. He was posted to 854 Naval Air Squadron in support of the D-Day landings. He saw service in the Far East on aircraft carrier HMS Illustrious, flying the Grumman TBF Avenger off Sumatra and Japan. He was awarded the DSC in 1945.
After the war he attended the Naval Maintenance Test Pilots' Course and the Empire Test Pilots' School in 1946, then was a military test pilot for three years in the Handling Squadron of the Empire Central Flying School at RAF Hullavington. In August 1949 he joined the Air Registration Board as chief test pilot. He drafted new rules about aircraft stability. Aircraft he tested included the de Havilland Comet, Bristol Britannia, Vickers VC10, Hawker Siddeley Trident, BAC One-Eleven, Boeing 747, Boeing 737, McDonnell Douglas DC-10, Lockheed L-1011 TriStar, and Concorde. He insisted Boeing modify the Boeing 707 to increase the fin size for improved directional control. He insisted the Trident, One-Eleven and Boeing 727 be fitted with stick pushers, to avoid deep stalls. At the time, stick pushers were controversial. During his work on the Comet, he worked with R. E. Bishop.
His book, Handling the Big Jets (1967), is a classic of aviation and is still recommended in the 21st century.
Davies was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1957. He was a Fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society. He was given the Dorothy Spicer Award in 1966 by the Society of Licensed Aircraft Engineers. He married Jean, who died in 1996. They had two sons. He retired in 1982.

## Books

* Davies, David P. (1971). Handling the Big Jets: An Explanation of the Significant Differences in Flying Qualities Between Jet Transport Aeroplanes and Piston Engined Transport Aeroplanes, Together with Some Other Aspects of Jet Transport Handling (3rd ed.). Air Registration Board. ISBN 0903083019.
# Myer Fredman

Myer Fredman (29 January 1932 – 4 July 2014) was a British-Australian conductor.
He studied at Dartington Hall and in London with Peter Gellhorn, Vilém Tauský, Sir Adrian Boult, and was assistant conductor to Otto Klemperer, Vittorio Gui, Sir John Pritchard and Sir Charles Mackerras.
Fredman was conductor at the Glyndebourne Festival 1963–74. He was involved in the creation of Glyndebourne Touring Opera, of which he was musical director for seven years, 1968–74. After moving to Australia, Fredman became musical director of the State Opera of South Australia 1974–80, and conductor and artistic associate with Opera Australia 1983–98. In 1988, he directed the International Summer Vocal School in Salt Lake City.
Myer Fredman conducted the Australian premieres of Sir Michael Tippett's opera The Midsummer Marriage (in the presence of the composer), and Benjamin Britten's opera Death in Venice, at consecutive Adelaide Festivals. His world-premiere recordings include Arnold Bax's 1st and 2nd symphonies and Havergal Brian's 6th symphony, all with the London Philharmonic Orchestra, and Brian's 16th symphony with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra; and Peter Sculthorpe's piano concerto and a television opera, Quiros. His other recordings included the music of Britten, Delius, Vaughan Williams, Respighi, Rubbra, Sir Eugene Goossens, Arthur Benjamin, Richard Meale, Robert Still, and Ross Edwards.
Fredman also conducted the premieres of other Havergal Brian symphonies, and he was a vice-president of the Havergal Brian Society.
Myer Fredman orchestrated and arranged instrumental and operatic music by J. S. Bach, John Dowland, Mozart, Donizetti, Tchaikovsky, Puccini and Elgar, and he was the first person to write extensively of the role of the conductor in the operas of Mozart, in From Idomeneo to Die Zauberflote; A conductor's commentary.
The Italian Government awarded Myer Fredman the medal Per Servizio della Musica e Cultura Italiana.
Fredman was a teacher to many musicians, including Kim Sutherland and Derek Williams. He moved to Hobart, Tasmania, where he conducted and taught as adjunct professor at the University of Tasmania's Conservatorium of Music. He was also involved in creating The Tasmanian Discovery Orchestra. He died in Hobart on 4 July 2014, aged 82.
# Jabotinsky Medal

The Jabotinsky Medal may refer to one of several awards named in honor of Vladimir Ze’ev Jabotinsky:

## Jabotinsky Foundation awards

The Jabotinsky Centennial Medal was awarded in 1980, the centenary of Jabotinsky's birth, by the Jabotinsky Foundation of New York to 100 Americans who had performed distinguished service to the state of Israel and the Jewish people. The award was handed out to recipients by Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin at an awards dinner held in November in New York City.
Recipients included: Rev. Billy Graham, Henry M. Jackson, Jacob Javits, Daniel Moynihan, Philip M. Klutznick, Edward Teller, Leon Uris, Eli Wiesel, Danny Kaye, Jerry Falwell, Elmo R. Zumwalt, Claude Pepper, Hart N. Hasten, Avraham Soltes, Nathan George Horwitt, Esther Antin Untermeyer, Moshe Brodetzky, Herzel Kranz, William Perl, Paul S. Riebenfeld and David Horowitz. Senator Frank Church declined the award due in protest of it also being awarded to Falwell.
In 1983, industrialist Eryk Spektor, chairman of the New York-based Jabotinsky Foundation, created and funded a $100,000 award named the Jabotinsky Prize - Shield of Jerusalem (also known as the Defender of Jerusalem Prize) to honour individuals, Jewish or non-Jewish, who are judged to have done the most in the previous two years "for the defense of the rights of the Jewish people." The $100,000 prize was shared by US Senator Henry M. Jackson (posthumously), Soviet Jewish activist Iosif Begun, and former French Cabinet Minister Simone Veil in 1983 and US Ambassador Jeane Kirkpatrick and Operation Moses in 1985. In 1986 former President of Costa Rica Luis Alberto Monge, former Swedish deputy prime minister Per Ahlmark, and Soviet dissident Eliyahu Essas shared the award. Israeli philosopher and former Lehi activist Israel Eldad was awarded the prize for 1987/1988. Other recipients have included former Soviet dissident Ida Nudel, industrialist Reuben Hecht, the LIBI Fund charity assisting Israeli soldiers, Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Shamir, New York Times editor A.M. Rosenthal, conductor Zubin Mehta, US secretary of state George Shultz, and civil rights activist Bayard Rustin.

## Jabotinsky Order of Israel awards

The Jabotinsky Prize for Literature and Research is an award given by the Jabotinsky Order of Israel for outstanding achievements in the sphere of literature and research every two years.
Among the winners of the award are: Benjamin Netanyahu, Iddo Netanyahu, Chaim Lazar-Lithuanian, Yehoshua Yavin, Abba Ahimair, David Niv, Yigal Yadin, Menachem Sarid, Yaakov Orland, Uzi Narkis, Naomi Shemer, Moshe Yegar, Herzl Rosenblum, Ephraim Kishon, Yitzhak Oren, Yosef Nadava, Yaakov Ha'alyon, Uri Milstein, Esther Vitkon, Dosh, Avigdor Shahan, Yehuda Blum, Isaac Ramba, Jeremiah Halpern, Jacob Winshel and Yehiam Weitz.
The Jabotinsky Order Life Achievement Award, is awarded annually by the Jabotinsky Order of Israel to an outstanding personality in public, academic or professional life.
# Terminal 2 of Jiangbei Airport station

Terminal 2 of Jiangbei Airport, previously known simply as Jiangbei Airport, is an interchange station of Line 3 (straddle beam monorail) and Line 10 (heavy rail subway) of Chongqing Rail Transit in Yubei District of Chongqing Municipality, China. The station opened in 2011 with Line 3 and was expanded in 2017 with Line 10, alongside changing to its current name to differentiate itself from the station at Terminal 3A of the airport.
It serves the airport terminals in which the station's name derived from (Terminals 2A & 2B of Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport) and its surrounding area, including Terminal 1 before its temporary closure since 2017.

## Station structure
### Line 3

There are 2 side platforms for Line 3 trains. Only 1 platform is in use as the station is the terminal station for North-bound trains. These trains switch beam (monorail tracks) from right to left before entering the station and stopping at the platform for South-bound trains, where they would terminate. Trains then let south-bound passengers board and would head for that direction (towards Yudong).
| B1 Concourse | Exits 1-4, Customer service, Vending machines, Transfer passage to Line 10 |
| B2 Platforms | Side platform |
| B2 Platforms | Line 3 to Yudong (Bijin) |
| B2 Platforms | Track not in use |
| Side platform (not in use) ||

### Line 10

An island platform is used for Line 10 trains travelling in both directions.
| B1 Concourse | Exits 5-7, Customer service, Vending machines, Transfer passage to Line 3 |
| B2 Platforms | Line 10 to Wangjiazhuang (Yubei Square) |
| Island platform ||
| B2 Platforms | Line 10 to Houbao (Terminal 3 of Jiangbei Airport) |

## Exits

There are a total of 8 entrances/exits for the station.
| Exit | Exit | To |
| 1 | 1 | Car park |
| 2 | 2 | Terminal 1 (temporarily closed), VIP Service Area C |
| 3 | 3 | Domestic Arrivals A, Domestic Arrivals B, Long distance buses |
| 4 | 4 | Domestic Departures, Airport buses, Taxis, the Airport Cargo Terminal, VIP Service Areas A & B |
| 5 | 5 | Car park |
| 6A | 6A | Long distance buses, Domestic Arrivals A, Domestic Departures, Airport buses, Taxis |
| 6B | 6B | Long distance buses, Domestic Arrivals B, Domestic Departures, Airport buses, Taxis |
| 7 | 7 | Jinhang Road, Binggang Road, Yixue Road, The People's Government of Chongqing Yubei District |

## Surroundings

* Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport
* Terminal 3 of Jiangbei Airport station (a Line 10 Station)
# Gimpohangang-ro

The Gimpo Hangang Highway (Korean: 김포한강로; RR: Gimpo Hangang-ro) is a 6-lanes highway in South Korea, connecting Gangseo District, Seoul to Gimpo, Gyeonggi Province.

## Main stopovers
### Seoul

* Gaehwa-dong

### Gyeonggi Province

* Gimpo (Gochon-eup - Sau-dong - Geolpo-dong - Unyang-dong)

## Composition

* Notes
** IC : Interchange
** IS : Intersection
** TN : Tunnel
** BR : Bridge
| Type | Name | Korean name | Connection | Location | Location | Notes |
| Connected with Local Route 356 (Yanggok-ro) |||||||
| IC | Unyang · Yonghwasa | 운양 · 용화사 | Gimpohangang 6-ro Local Route 78 (Geumpo-ro) Local Route 356 (Yanggok-ro) | Gimpo | Unyang-dong | |
| TN | Narae Underpass | 나래지하차도 | | Gimpo | Unyang-dong | |
| IC | Gimpo Hangang New Town | 김포한강신도시 | Gimpohangang 1-ro Local Route 78 (Geumpo-ro) | Gimpo | Unyang-dong | Gimpo-bound Only |
| IS | No name | (이름 없음) | Local Route 78 (Geumpo-ro) Hongdopyeong-ro | Gimpo | Gimpobon-dong | Gimpo-bound Only |
| IC | Hangang Cinepolis | 한강시네폴리스 | Saujung-ro | Gimpo | Gochon-eup | |
| IC | Singok | 신곡 | Eunhaengyeongsajeong-ro | Gimpo | Gochon-eup | |
| IC | Yeongsajeong | 영사정 | Seoul Ring Expressway | Gimpo | Gochon-eup | Under construction |
| IC | Jeonho | 전호 | Local Route 78 (Geumpo-ro) Arayuk-ro | Gimpo | Gochon-eup | Seoul-bound Only |
| BR | Jeonho Bridge | 전호대교 | | Gimpo | Gochon-eup | |
| BR | Jeonho Bridge | 전호대교 | | Seoul | Gangseo District | |
| IC | Gaehwa | 개화 | National Route 39 (Beolmal-ro · Gaehwadong-ro) National Route 48 (Gaehwadong-ro) Local Route 78 (Geumpo-ro) Arayuk-ro | Seoul | Gangseo District | |
| Connected with Olympic-daero |||||||
# César de Oliveira

César de Oliveira (born 17 May 1977 in Porto) is a Portuguese composer.
# David A. Whelan

David A. Whelan is an American scientist and engineer. He currently serves as the Senior Vice President and Chief Scientist of Cubic Corporation. He is also a member of Virgin Galactic's Space Advisory Board. He is a Professor of the Practice, Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of California, San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering.

## Education

Whelan received his Bachelors of Arts in Physics from UC San Diego in 1978. He went on to complete his Masters of Science in 1977 and Ph.D in 1983 from UCLA.

## Career

Whelan started his career at Northrop where he was one of the key designers of the B-2 Stealth Bomber and contributed to the YF-23 Advanced Tactical Fighter. Since his time at Northrop, he has moved on to positions at other organizations such as the Hughes Aircraft Company, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL),and DARPA. At Hughes, he assumed the role of Program Manager and Chief Scientist working on the B-2's air-to-air radar imaging. At the LLNL, he worked on X-ray lasers and the Advanced Nuclear Weapons program. While at DARPA, he took on the role of the director for the Tactical Technology Office (TTO) and also the acting director for the Sensor Technology Office (STO). He went on to serve as the vice president of engineering and chief technologist for Boeing. He left Boeing in January 2017. At this time became the Chairman Of The Board at AOSense, a position which he still holds. In October 2020, it was announced that Whelan would be joining Cubic as the Senior Vice President and Chief Scientist.

## Memberships

Whelan was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2007. He was elected for his "contributions to and leadership of the field of radar imaging and its application to stealth aircraft." He is a fellow of the American Physical Society, fellow of the AIAA and fellow of the IEEE.
# Myopic (Drug Church song)

"Myopic" is a single by American hardcore band, Drug Church. The standalone single was released on March 1, 2023, through Pure Noise Records.

## Background and recording

Lead singer, Patrick Kindlon, described the song as a song about anger and channeling anger. Kindlon said "in varying degrees, you can just let things go. You don’t gotta stay angry forever. Being bitter isn’t a virtue and people selling it as one aren’t very happy."
The song was released in anticipation of their U.S. headlining tour in Spring 2023.

## Critical reception

"Myopic" has been well received by contemporary music critics, praising it as a continuing success to their album Hygiene. Tom Breihan, writing for Stereogum called "Myopic" and "absolute beast of a song" calling it an excellent promotional single ahead of their 2023 tour. Breihan further praised the lyricism of "Myopic" saying it's well-blended with the band's "fired-up, hooky guitar rock". In a staff review of the song by Idioteq, the review described "Myopic" as a song "which features their signature sound of hardcore aggression, melodic guitar leads, and sardonic lyrics delivered by vocalist Patrick Kindlon." They further said that "the track showcases the band’s ability to create music that is both outsider and inviting, cementing their status as one of the best modern guitar bands."
Andrew Sacher, writing for BrooklynVegan described "Myopic" as "classic Drug Church", further saying the song is "a mix of hardcore energy and alt-rock catchiness with wall-of-sound guitars and all the sharp lyrical wit you’d expect from Patrick Kindlon".
# The Republic of Gupta

The Republic of Gupta: A Story of State Capture is a 2017 book by South African investigative journalist Pieter-Louis Myburgh.

## Background and synopsis

The Republic of Gupta investigates the business activities of the Gupta family and how they came to hold a position of such power and influence over the President of South Africa, Jacob Zuma. It is an exposé of the many controversial business activities of the Gupta family from cricket to computers to newspapers and television. The book explores their conflict with Public Protector Thuli Madonsela and with the Finance Minister Pravin Gordhan which led to his dismissal by Zuma. The book also investigates the other close links between the Gupta family and others within South African politics and society.

## Reception

In The Sunday Times Graeme Hosken praises the book as "fascinating". Hosken writes that Myburgh "discloses their thirst for control and wealth through outrageous manipulation".
# Testament (2004 film)

Ten'ja (Arabic: تينجا, English title Testament) is a 2004 Arabic-language French-Moroccan film directed by Hassan Legzouli, written by the director and Emmanuelle Sardou. The film stars Roschdy Zem, Aure Atika, and Abdou El Mesnaoui.
# Visa policy of Sudan

Visitors to Sudan must obtain a visa from one of the Sudanese diplomatic missions, unless they come from one of the visa exempt countries. All visitors must hold passports valid for a minimum of 6 months from the arrival date.

## Visa exemption

Citizens of the following 5 countries can visit Sudan without a visa, for a stay up to the period listed:
* Indefinite period
* Egypt (except 18-49 year old males)
* Kuwait
* United Arab Emirates
$_{1—MustarrivedirectlyfromYemen}$
Nationals of Saudi Arabia do not require a visa for business visits, provided they present a letter issued by the Ministry of Investment of Sudan confirming their business visit.
* Sudan and Saint Kitts and Nevis signed visa-waiver agreement.

## Visa on arrival

Citizens of the following 4 countries can obtain a Sudanese visa on arrival:
* Eritrea (valid for 60 days and must arrive directly from Eritrea)
* Kenya (valid for an indefinite period of stay)
* Malaysia (valid for 30 days)
* Turkey (valid for 1 month and must arrive directly from Turkey)
In addition, persons who present proof of a Sudanese father can obtain a visa on arrival, regardless of their current nationality. Persons married to a Sudanese national (both male and female) can also obtain a visa on arrival if they present a valid marriage certificate.

## Non-ordinary passports

Holders of diplomatic or official/service/special passports issued to nationals of following countries do not require a visa:
| Algeria  China  Brazil  Congo | Ethiopia  Iran  Libya  Namibia  Russia (diplomatic only) | Turkey  Vietnam |
Only holders of diplomatic or special passports of the following countries may obtain a visa on arrival which is valid for maximum of 2 months:
| Benin  Burkina Faso  Central African Republic  Comoros  Cote d'Ivoire  Djibouti  Eritrea  Gambia | Ghana  Guinea  Guinea-Bissau  Liberia  Mali  Mauritania  Morocco | Niger  Nigeria  São Tomé and Príncipe  Senegal  Sierra Leone  Somalia  Togo  Tunisia |

## Police Registration

Mandatory Police Registration for all nationalities is required within 24 hours of arrival.

## Admission Refused

Previously, entry and transit was refused to Israeli citizens, even if not leaving the aircraft and proceeding by the same flight. Admission was also refused to holders of passports or travel documents containing a visa or entry stamp issued by Israel. However, this information is likely to change as Sudan now has established normal diplomatic relations with Israel.
Entry and transit is also refused to holders of normal passports issued to nationals of Bangladesh unless they are arriving for commercial delegations or as students studying at a Sudanese institute of higher education or university and holding a residence permit.
# DH4

DH4 may refer to:
* Airco DH.4, British World War I two-seat biplane
* de Lackner HZ-1 Aerocycle, also known as the YHO-2 and DH-4 Heli-Vector (1950s)
* Bombardier Dash 8 Q400, turboprop passenger airliner (since 1996, called DH4 by various airlines)
# Charles Bécart de Granville et de Fonville

Charles Bécart de Granville et de Fonville (bapt. May 31, 1675 – January 2, 1703) was a king's attorney, draughtsman, and cartographer at Quebec City.
Charles, who was often called Sieur de Granville and was the brother of Paul Bécart de Granville et de Fonville, was considered by some to be a genius. He had begun a naval career when the death of the incumbent king's attorney in the provost court of Quebec caused a vacancy. Although he had not reached the age of majority, Louis-Hector de Callière, the governor general of New France and Jean Bochart de Champigny, the intendant of New France obtained a commission for him from the king and he became king's attorney in 1700. He died in a smallpox epidemic.
Bécart was important to the history of New France because of his maps and for his Vue de Québec which identified him as a potentially remarkable artist.
# Hiroshi Takeshima

Hiroshi Takeshima (竹島 宏, Takeshima Hiroshi, born August 28, 1978) is a Japanese enka singer. He has one major hit with "Sapporo Elegy" in 2001. On December 30, 2021, Takeshima won the Japan Composer's Association Award at the 63rd Japan Record Awards.

## Albums

* First
* Best Selection
# The Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre

The Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre is a comedy act that began in the United Kingdom in 2005 and has performed nationally and internationally since. They first appeared as part of The Sitcom Trials in London. They appeared in the Gilded Balloon at Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2019 and 2022 attracting highly positive reviews. The act has toured nationally and internationally every year since 2008 including Australia, Holland, Denmark and the Channel Isles. Prestigious appearances have included the Cheltenham Literary Festival and the Edinburgh International Magic Festival. They have appeared on BBC TV's The One Show, Comedy Shuffle, The Culture Show, Points West and Upstaged, GMTV, MTV, Current TV and Channel 4's Big Brother's Little Brother.
They were winners of the Bath Comedy Festival Best Joke Award 2018. Their show was nominated Best Show at the Leicester Comedy Festival Awards in 2009, and was the Winner of the Edinburgh Festival Insider Comedy Award 2009.
They have appeared in DVD extras on the DVD releases of three classic Doctor Who serials: The War Games in 2009, The Horns of Nimon and The Dominators in 2010.
Their show is written and performed by comedian and comic book creator Kev F. Sutherland, author of Bash Street Kids Adventures and creator of The Sitcom Trials.
| Year | Show name | Notes |
| 2007 | The Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre | Debut show at Gilded Balloon, followed by 18 date tour. |
| 2008 | Return of The Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre | Gilded Balloon, followed by 36 date tour |
| 2009 | Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre Goes To Hollywood | Gilded Balloon, followed by 28 date tour |
| 2010 | Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre On The Telly | Gilded Balloon, followed by 32 date tour |
| 2012 | Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre: Boo Lingerie! - A Socky Horror Show | Gilded Balloon, followed by tour |
| 2012 | Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre: Chunky Woollen Nits | Gilded Balloon |
| 2013 | Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre In Space | Gilded Balloon and tour |
| 2014 | Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre: ...And So Am I | Gilded Balloon and tour |
| 2015 | Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre: Minging Detectives | Gilded Balloon and tour |
| 2016 | Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre Do Shakespeare | Gilded Balloon and tour |
| 2018 | Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre: Superheroes | Gilded Balloon and tour |
| 2019 | Scottish Falsetto Sock Puppet Theatre: Roll Up! | Gilded Balloon |
| 2020 | Edinburgh Fringe Zoom Shows | Online |
| 2022 | Scottish Falsetto Socks: Eurovision Sock Contest | Gilded Balloon |
Adelaide Fringe 2012