OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eric Hopkins

Eric Hopkins (born 1951) is an American painter known for his aerial paintings of Penobscot Bay, Maine and glasswork.

## Life and career

Hopkins was born in Bangor, Maine in 1951. He is a descendant of Dr. Theophilus Hopkins; a Revolutionary War soldier in the Massachusetts regiment of George Washington's army. Hopkins grew up on North Haven, Maine where he sold pop art figures he created out of lobster shells starting at age 9. When Hopkins was 16 years old, he and his brother David opened an art gallery on the family's Hopkins Wharf. A graduate of Rockland District High School in 1969, Hopkins studied at Gorham State Teachers College (now the University of Southern Maine), Haystack Mountain School of Crafts, Montserrat College of Art before graduating in 1976 from the Rhode Island School of Design where he studied with glass sculptor Dale Chihuly.
In 1981, Hopkins moved back to North Haven where he opened a gallery and married. In 1983 he learned to fly an airplane; from the air he filmed the ocean, coastline and mountains of mid-coast Maine with a VCR camcorder that he later developed into paintings. He received his recreational pilot's license in 2004.
Hopkins moved to Rockland in 2006 and opened a second art gallery. Hopkins' mother owned and operated the Hopkins Wharf Gallery and North Haven Gift Shop (formerly W.S. Hopkins General Store) on North Haven for 60 years. Hopkins' brother and a partner run the gallery. Hopkins supplied the artwork and projection photography in 2021 for the musical Islands by John Wulp and Cidny Bullens.
In the book Eric Hopkins: Above and Beyond, Carl Little associates Hopkins style with early 20th century modern painters such as John Marin to "reduce phenomena to their most essential components." Hopkins is the subject of the Maine Public film series documentary Eric Hopkins: Atmospheres by filmmaker Dale Schierholt. The Bangor Republican newspaper called him "The Official State Artist of Maine".
Hopkins' work is included in the public collection of the Corning Museum of Glass. Wustum Museum of Fine Arts and the Farnsworth Museum. His work has been displayed by the U.S. Department of State's Art in Embassies program.
# Tryptone

Tryptone is the assortment of peptides formed by the digestion of casein by the protease trypsin.
Tryptone is commonly used in microbiology to produce lysogeny broth (LB) for the growth of E. coli and other microorganisms. It provides a source of amino acids for the growing bacteria. Tryptone is similar to casamino acids, both being digests of casein, but casamino acids can be produced by acid hydrolysis and typically only have free amino acids and few peptide chains; tryptone by contrast is the product of an incomplete enzymatic hydrolysis with some oligopeptides present.
Tryptone is also a component of some germination media used in plant propagation.
# Interagency GPS Executive Board

The Interagency GPS Executive Board (IGEB) was an agency of the United States federal government that sought to integrate the needs and desires of various governmental agencies into formal Global Positioning System Planning. GPS was administered by the Department of Defense, but had grown to service a wide variety of constituents. The majority of GPS uses are now non-military, so this board was fundamental in ensuring the needs of non-military users.
In 2004, the IGEB was superseded by the National Executive Committee for Space-Based Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT), established by presidential order.
# Beynon Sports Surfaces

Beynon Sports Surfaces is a manufacturer and installer of synthetic all-weather running tracks. They are part of Tarkett Sports and are based in Hunt Valley, Maryland. Beynon Sports Surfaces manufactures three types of outdoor synthetic athletic tracks; spray coat, sandwich (multi layer) and full pour polyurethane. They also offer surfaces for fieldhouses (indoor track) and gymnasiums.

## History

In 2001, after three decades with Martin Surfacing, John T. Beynon founded Beynon Sports Surfaces. In the spring of 2008, Beynon Sports Surfaces joined the Tarkett Sports family, which included FieldTurf.
In 2009 Atlas Track and Tennis was purchased by Tarkett Sports and merged with Beynon. In 2012 the merge was completed with both companies now going by the name Beynon Sports.

## Track and Field

Beynon Sports Surfaces has installed many track and field venues in North America and across the world. One such installation is Hayward Field at the University of Oregon, site of the U.S. Olympic trials.

## International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF)

Beynon Sports Surfaces offers many different surfaces for various levels of competition. The BSS 100, 200, 300 embedded, 300 encapsulated, 1000ML 1000, 2000 and 3000 are all IAAF certified.
Beynon Sports has installed 2 of the 4 IAAF Class 1 Facility certified surfaces in North America and has 8 IAAF certified surfaces on the market.

## Fieldhouses

Beynon also has various surfaces that can be used for indoor needs.
# Landgericht Bremen

53°4′27″N 8°48′37″E﻿ / ﻿53.07417°N 8.81028°E﻿ / 53.07417; 8.81028
The Landgericht Bremen is the courthouse of the State of Bremen on the Domsheide in the old town of Bremen, Germany. It was built in the late 19th century in the French Renaissance style and completed in 1906. It has been a listed building since 1992. In addition to the judicial services of the regional court, the building houses sections of the Public Prosecutor's department (Staatsanwaltschaft) and of the district court (Amtsgericht).

## History and architecture

The courthouse and remand prison were built from 1891 to 1895 and from 1902 to 1906 by the Oldenburg architects Ludwig Klingenberg (1840–1924) and his partner Hugo Weber. Together with the two wings of the remand prison, the sprawling complex extends over an entire block. The design is based on the functional requirements of its judicial services although its staircase and courtroom fully reflect the sophistications of the period. The outer walls are inspired by French Renaissance architecture, especially features from the Château de Blois, and are richly decorated. The statue of Justice on Ostertorstraße is the work of Rudolph Lauer (1852–1900).
Largely spared by the effects of the war, the building has been restored on several occasions. A plaque on the Ostertorstraße reads: Dies Haus ist gewidmet dem Rechte zum Schutz – dem Boesen zum Trutz (This building is dedicated to upholding the law and to defying evil). The impressive sandstone and bronze decorations of the cornice include lions, the heads of Megaera and Medusa, and dragons spouting rainwater. The massive round towers, the diamond-shaped decorations on the facade, the granite window frames together with the bas-reliefs, the round-arched windows and the combination of styles are all typical of the Wilhelmistic chapter of Historicist architecture. Stained-glass windows depict the Ten Commandments above the entrance and the cardinal virtues in the first floor windows overlooking Violenstraße. The figures of animals and birds decorating the corbels symbolize vice in the struggle for virtue. The Hanseatic Arms are presented in the form of a maiolica crest representing shipping and trade.

## Gallery

* Kaiser Wilhelm statue
* Cornice
* Entrance to courtyard
* Corbel
* Side view
* Facade with dedication plaque
* Round tower
# Sikorsky S-7

The Sikorsky S-7 was a Russian single engine experimental prototype aircraft built by the Russian Baltic Railroad Car Works shortly after Igor Sikorsky became chief engineer of the aircraft manufacturing division.

## Design and development

The S-7 was two-seater wire-braced monoplane powered by a 70 hp (52 kW) Gnome air-cooled rotary engine. Construction began in early summer of 1912 and completed in July. The pilot sat in the rear cockpit with a passenger seated in a forward compartment in a tandem arrangement. The fuselage was enclosed in plywood and the aircraft used components taken from the S-6A including the main wing, tail and landing gear.

## Operational history

The S-7 was entered in the international military competition at Saint Petersburg in August 1912. During a take-off attempt from a furrowed field the landing gear was severely damaged and the S-7 was unable to finish the completion. In 1913 the aircraft was repaired and served as a trainer. In 1914 Bulgaria purchased the S-7 and used it in operations during World War I.

## Specifications

Data from Russian Aviation Museum
General characteristics
* Crew: One
* Capacity: One passenger
* Length: 26 ft 11 in (8.2 m)
* Upper wingspan: 32 ft 10 in (10 m)
* Wing area: 220 sq ft (20 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 990 lb (449 kg)
* Gross weight: 1,711 lb (776 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Gnome Lambda 7-cylinder air-cooled rotary piston engine, 70 hp (52 kW)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 67 mph (108 km/h, 58 kn)
# English Civil War Society

The English Civil War Society was founded in 1980 and is the umbrella organisation for the King's Army and the Roundhead Association. The purpose of the Society is to raise awareness of the conflict between King Charles I of England and his supporters and their opponents in Parliament and Scotland. The society does this by staging re-enactments of civil war battles and other types of living history and educational displays across the UK. The re-enactment societies are concerned with technical details about regiments, their weapons and their clothing and way of life as well as mock battles using authentic pikes, muskets and cannon.

## Regiments

The English Civil War Society consists of many smaller subdivisions, each run semi-autonomously, and which are known to their members as "regiments". Each of these regiments falls under one or other of the two armies of the English Civil War Society, the Roundhead Association and the King's Army. The Roundhead Association army represents the army of Parliament – the "roundheads" – and also the Covenanters of Scotland, whilst the Kings Army represents that of the King – the "cavaliers" or "royalists". The King's Army currently has seven regiments under its control and the Roundhead Association has thirteen. There are regiments of "foote", which are common foot soldiers and are armed with pike or musket; regiments of "horse", which are groups on horseback and armed with swords and carbines; and regiments of artillery armed with cannon of various sizes.
# Thresher

Thresher may refer to:
       Pedal powered thresher, a low-tech threshing machine that is operated using pedals.
* Thresher shark, a type of shark with a distinctly scythe-shaped tail
* USS Thresher refers to two United States Navy submarines, named after the Thresher shark:
       USS Thresher (SS-200), a Tambor-class submarine that served in World War II
       USS Thresher (SSN-593), the lead ship of her class of nuclear-powered attack submarines and was lost by accident on 10 April 1963
* Threshers (First Quench Retailing), a UK off licence chain
* Rice Thresher, the undergraduate student newspaper of Rice University
* Clearwater Threshers, a minor league baseball team in the Florida State League
* Threshers (secret society), an Irish secret society in the first half of the nineteenth century
# Ernsta cordata

Ernsta cordata is a species of sea sponge in the family Clathrinidae found in South Africa. The name means "heart-shaped" in Latin.
# Truant (disambiguation)

Truant may refer to:
* HMS Truant (N68), a T-class submarine
* Truant (steamboat), which operated in Oregon, United States, in the 1910s
* truANT, Alien Ant Farm's second album
* Johnny Truant, a character in Mark Z. Danielewski's House of Leaves
# Ingenuity

Ingenuity may refer to:
* Ingenuity (helicopter), part of NASA's Mars 2020 mission
* Ingenuity (Crespi), a painting
* Ingenuity (album), a 1994 Ultravox album
* QIAGEN Silicon Valley, formerly Ingenuity Systems, a biotechnology software company
* THG Ingenuity, an e-commerce service of THG plc
# Bhilawadi railway station

Bhilawadi railway station is a railway station serving Bhilawadi town in Sangli district of Maharashtra State of India. It is under Pune railway division of Central Railway Zone of Indian Railways. Its code is BVQ. The station consists of a single platform. The station is near a large plant of Hindustan Petroleum and India's largest private dairy of Chitale group.

## Trains

* Koyna Express
* Maharashtra Express
* Sahyadri Express
* CSMT Kolhapur–Satara Passenger
* CSMT Kolhapur–Pune Passenger
# Languages of Botswana

The official language of Botswana is English, while Setswana is considered to be a national language. English, which was inherited from colonial rule, is the language of official business and most written communication. Most of the population speak Setswana, but over 20 smaller languages are also spoken. Some of the country's languages are in danger of becoming extinct.

## Official and national languages

The official written language of Botswana is English. Most written communication and official business texts are written in English. The language of the Tswana people—Setswana—is the country's national language, and is spoken by most of the population.

## Other languages

Aside from English and Setswana, other languages are spoken in the country. Over 90% of the population speak a Bantu language as their first language. According to the CIA's World Factbook, the most common Bantu languages spoken are Setswana (73.3% of the population), Kalanga (17.2%), Kgalagadi (2.4%), Shona (1%) Mbukushu (1.6%) and Ndebele (1%). 1.7% speak Tshwa (a Khoe language) and 0.1% speak !Xóõ, a Tuu language (both non-Bantu). English is spoken by 2.8% as their first language, and a small number speak Afrikaans.
The number of individual languages listed for Botswana is 31. All are living languages. Of these, 26 are indigenous and 5 are non-indigenous. Furthermore, 4 are institutional, 9 are developing, 8 are vigorous, 9 are in trouble, and 1 is dying.

### Languages spoken

Languages of Botswana :
| Languages | Languages | Per cent | Per cent |
| Setswana | Setswana | 77.3% | 77.3% |
| Sekalanga | Sekalanga | 7.4% | 7.4% |
| Shekgalagadi | Shekgalagadi | 3.4% | 3.4% |
| English | English | 2.8% | 2.8% |
| Sesarwa | Sesarwa | 1.7% | 1.7% |
| Sembukushu | Sembukushu | 1.6% | 1.6% |
| Ndebele | Ndebele | 1.0% | 1.0% |
| Seherero | Seherero | 1.0% | 1.0% |
| Afrikaans | Afrikaans | 0.4% | 0.4% |
| Sesubiya | Sesubiya | 0.3% | 0.3% |
| Seyeyi | Seyeyi | 0.2% | 0.2% |
| Other Asian | Other Asian | 0.4% | 0.4% |
| Other European | Other European | 0.4% | 0.4% |
| Other African | Other African | 0.1% | 0.1% |
| Other | Other | 0.1% | 0.1% |
* Afrikaans
* Ani
* Birwa
* Chichewa
* English
* Gana
* Gciriku
* Gwi
* Hai||om
* Herero
* ‡Hua
* Ju|’hoansi
* Kalanga
* Kgalagadi
* Khoekhoe
* Khwedam
* Kua
* Kuhane
* Kung-Ekoka
* Lozi
* Mbukushu
* Nambya
* Naro
* Ndebele
* Setswana
* Shua
* Tshuwau
* Tswapong
* !Xóõ
* Yeyi
* Zezuru
* isiXhosa
# Deep Space: Operation Copernicus

Deep Space: Operation Copernicus is a video game published in 1988 by Sir-Tech.

## Gameplay

Deep Space: Operation Copernicus is a game in which the player must use a Katani class ship to eliminate Andromedan warships that have invaded United Planets territory.

## Reception

David M. Wilson reviewed the game for Computer Gaming World, and stated that "If the game's slow pacing doesn't put the player off initially, the game will give players a competitive run for their money and much potential 'bang for the buck' as the game progresses".

## Reviews

* Info
# Enrico Luigi Micheli

Enrico Luigi Micheli (16 May 1938 – 21 January 2011) was an Italian politician and writer.

## Biography

After graduating in law in the University of Siena, Enrico Luigi Micheli worked as a manager for Alitalia and subsequently for the Intersind and the IRI (Institute for Industrial Reconstruction).
Micheli was elected Deputy in 1996 and 2001. As a close associate of Romano Prodi, Micheli was one of the founders of the Olive Tree. He served as Secretary of the Council of Ministers in the Prodi I Cabinet, D'Alema II Cabinet and Amato II Cabinet, while from 1998 to 1999 he served as Minister of Public Works in the D'Alema I Cabinet.
He died on 21 January 2011 at the age of 72, after a long illness.
# Thin Sumbwegam

Thin Sumbwegam (born 12 March 1930) is a Burmese long-distance runner. He competed in the marathon at the 1964 Summer Olympics and the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Jazz at the Pawnshop

Jazz at the Pawnshop is a multi-session recording made by Gert Palmcrantz on December 6–7, 1976, at Jazzpuben Stampen (Pawnshop) in Stockholm, Sweden. A pawnshop had operated on the site prior to the jazz club. Proprius Records founder Jacob Boethius produced the album, and it has been issued at least five times under multiple labels and formats. The album is regarded by many audiophiles as one of the best sounding jazz recordings of the 20th Century.

## Artists

The recording features Arne Domnérus, alto sax, clarinet; Bengt Hallberg, piano; Lars Erstrand, vibes; Georg Riedel, bass; and Egil Johansen, drums.

## Original release

Proprius Records originally released a 180-gram, 2-LP vinyl recording (Prop 7778-79) in 1977. This version of the album featured the following tracks:

### Disc 1

| Track | Title | Time |
| 1 | Introduction/Limehouse Blues | 10:14 |
| 2 | I'm Confessin' | 8:03 |
| 3 | High Life | 7:11 |
| 4 | Struttin' With Some Barbeque | 6:37 |
| 5 | Jeep's Blues | 6:59 |
| 6 | Stuffy | 7:05 |

### Disc 2

| Track | Title | Time |
| 1 | Lady be Good | 9:32 |
| 2 | Here's That Rainy Day | 5:29 |
| 3 | Barbados | 8:28 |
| 4 | How High the Moon | 6:14 |
| 5 | Take Five | 6:58 |
| 6 | Everything Happens to Me | 5:16 |
# Eric McLellan

Eric Macpherson Thompson McLellan (1916-2010) was Archdeacon of Northern France from 1979 to 1980.
McLellan was educated at St John's College, Durham. After curacies in Byker and Fazakerley he was Vicar of Everton, Liverpool then Rector of Sevenoaks. He was Chaplain at the Embassy of the United Kingdom, Paris from 1970 to 1980.
# Tumen Township, Hebei

Tumen Township, Zanhuang County (Chinese: 土门乡) is a township-level division of Zanhuang County, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
# Bhottada

The Bhottada (also known as Dhotada, Bhotra, Bhatra, Bhattara, Bhotora, Bhatara) is an ethnic group found mainly in many districts of Odisha and Chhattisgarh. The 2011 census showed their population to be around 450,771. They are classified as a Scheduled Tribe by the Indian government.

## Etymology and origins

The name Bhottada is derived from the words Bhu meaning earth and Tara, meaning chase. It is said that they migrated from Bastar.

## Subdivisions

They have a number of exogamous totemistic clans or gotras named after different animals such as tortoise, tiger, cobra, monkey, dog, lizard, goat, etc. The clan members who are of a particular animal totem respect the same animals.
The clans has agnatic lineages formed as local descent groups who live close to each other in villages.
The tribe is divided into two divisions called Bada and Sana. Badas are higher in social hierarchy, They claim to be of purer descent. The divisions are endogamous however nowadays intermarriage takes place between them.

## Culture

Marriage by negotiation is called Bibha. It is considered ideal and prestigious. It involves elaborate process and is expensive. Other ways of acquiring mates such as by elopement, by capture, by service are practised. Cross-cousin marriage, junior levirate and sororate, divorce and remarriage are permitted on reasonable grounds.
They bury their dead. They worship Hindu deities and their own pantheon includes Budhi Thakurani, Bhairabi Budhi, Pardesi, Basumata, Banadurga, etc. Their chief festivals are Chait Parab, Akhiturti, Nua Khiaand Dussera. The traditional chief of the village is the Naik. Assisted by Chalan, Pujari and Gonda, he handles the community affairs. At the regional level a group of villages constitute a Desh headed by Bhat Naik and supported by Panigrahi and Desia Gonda who mitigate inter-village disputes.
# Las Cabras, Herrera

Las Cabras is a corregimiento in Pesé District, Herrera Province, Panama with a population of 1,914 as of 2010. Its population as of 1990 was 1,686; its population as of 2000 was 1,834.
# Gretchen Faust

Gretchen Faust (born 1961 in Stoneham, Massachusetts, USA) is an American contemporary artist, performer, art historian, and yoga instructor who lives and works in Totnes, Devon, United Kingdom. She is known for her visual art and performance work at galleries in New York, Pittsburgh and Zürich.

## Education

Faust earned a BA at Smith College ( 1983)and an MFA (1986) at Hunter College.

## Work

In the early 1990s she became known for using the tip of an ice pick to write text fragments from lectures on art history into gallery walls. In her more recent works, she produced mandala-like paper cutouts, engraved plinths made of Portland stone, photographs of paired handguns, or pairs of large, rug-like circles made of rabbit skins, and camouflage material laid out on the floor. In 2013, Martin Herbert wrote in Frieze magazine: "there are consistently continuities: symmetry and asymmetry, sophistication and violence and a variable and explicit focus on cutting, punching, firing - penetrating the surface of things". Faust has described her artwork as similar to yoga: "I’d say the personal process is the same. Cultivating presence and intimacy. And the outcome can result in different forms, depending on the circumstances of intention".

## Exhibition history

Her work has been shown in group exhibitions at the Kunsthalle Schirn, Frankfurt, the New Museum, New York (with Kevin Warren), wellwellwell, Vienna, MAGASIN - Centre National d’art Contemporain, Grenoble; Galerie Samuel Lallouz, Montreal; Pat Hearn Gallery, New York, (with Kevin Warren), the CAPC Museum of Contemporary Art, Bordeaux, among others.
In 1988, Faust had a solo installation at the Mattress Factory, Pittsburgh. In 1991, she had a solo show at Pat Hearn gallery in New York. 1992, Faust had a one-person show at Marc Jancou Gallery, Zurich. In 2003, Faust had a solo show at greengrassi, London. During the 1990s, she had several two person collaborative shows with Kevin Warren. In 2010, Faust created a floor installation, Shroud 1 (Start) and Shroud 1 (Stop), consisting of two 13-foot diameter circles; one fabricated from sewn together rabbit pelts, and the second constructed from commercially printed camouflage fabric. The work referenced the notion of hunter and prey.
Faust has created performances that have been presented at Pat Hearn Gallery and the Mattress Factory, Faust has been represented by greengrassi gallery in London since 2003.