# List of citrus diseases

The following is a list of diseases in citrus plants.

## Bacterial diseases

Bacterial diseases :
| Bacterial spot | Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. citrumelo |
| Black pit (fruit) | Pseudomonas syringae |
| Blast | Pseudomonas syringae |
| Citrus canker | Xanthomonas citri pv. citri |
| Citrus variegated chlorosis | Xylella fastidiosa |
| Huanglongbing = citrus greening | Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus Candidatus L. africanus |

## Fungal diseases

Fungal diseases :
| Albinism | Alternaria alternata = Alternaria tenuis Aspergillus flavus |
| Alternaria brown spot | Alternaria alternata |
| Alternaria leaf spot of rough lemon | Alternaria citri |
| Alternaria stem-end rot | Alternaria citri |
| Anthracnose = wither-tip | Glomerella cingulata Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [anamorph] |
| Areolate leaf spot | Thanatephorus cucumeris = Pellicularia filamentosa Rhizoctonia solani [anamorph] |
| Black mold rot | Aspergillus niger |
| Black root rot | Thielaviopsis basicola Chalara elegans [synanamorph] |
| Black rot | Alternaria citri |
| Black spot | Guignardia citricarpa Phyllosticta citricarpa [synanamorph] |
| Blue mold | Penicillium italicum |
| Botrytis blossom and twig blight, gummosis | Botrytis cinerea Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph] |
| Branch knot | Sphaeropsis tumefaciens |
| Brown rot (fruit) | Phytophthora citricola Phytophthora citrophthora Phytophthora hibernalis Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica = Phytophthora parasitica Phytophthora palmivora Phytophthora syringae |
| Charcoal root rot | Macrophomina phaseolina |
| Citrus black spot | Guignardia citricarpa |
| Damping-off | Pythium sp. Pythium aphanidermatum Pythium debaryanum Pythium rostratum Pythium ultimum Pythium vexans Rhizoctonia solani |
| Diplodia gummosis and stem-end rot | Lasiodiplodia theobromae = Botryodiplodia theobromae = Diplodia natalensis Botryosphaeria rhodina [teleomorph] |
| Dothiorella gummosis and rot | Botryosphaeria ribis Dothiorella gregaria [anamorph] |
| Dry root rot complex | Nectria haematococca Fusarium solani [anamorph] together with other wound-invading agents |
| Dry rot (fruit) | Ashbya gossypii Nematospora coryli |
| Fly speck | Schizothyrium pomi Zygophiala jamaicensis [anamorph] |
| Fusarium rot (fruit) | Fusarium spp. |
| Fusarium wilt | Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. citri |
| Gray mold (fruit) | Botrytis cinerea |
| Greasy spot and greasy spot rind blotch | Mycosphaerella citri Stenella citri-grisea [anamorph] |
| Green mold | Penicillium digitatum |
| Heart rot | Ganoderma applanatum Ganoderma brownii Ganoderma lucidum and other basidiomycetes |
| Hendersonula branch wilt | Hendersonula toruloidea |
| Leaf spot | Mycosphaerella horii Mycosphaerella lageniformis |
| Mal secco | Phoma tracheiphila = Deuterophoma tracheiphila |
| Mancha foliar de los citricos | Alternaria limicola |
| Melanose | Diaporthe citri Phomopsis citri [anamorph] |
| Mucor fruit rot | Mucor paronychia Mucor racemosus |
| Mushroom root rot = shoestring root rot or oak root fungus | Armillaria mellea = Clitocybe tabescens Rhizomorpha subcorticalis [anamorph] |
| Phaeoramularia leaf and fruit spot | Phaeoramularia angolensis |
| Phymatotrichum root rot | Phymatotrichopsis omnivora |
| Phomopsis stem-end rot | Phomopsis citri Diaporthe citri [teleomorph] |
| Phytophthora foot rot, gummosis and root rot | Phytophthora citrophthora Phytophthora hibernalis Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica = Phytophthora parasitica Phytophthora palmivora Phytophthora syringae |
| Pink disease | Erythricium salmonicolor = Corticium salmonicolor Necator decretus [anamorph] |
| Pink mold | Gliocladium roseum |
| Pleospora rot | Pleospora herbarum Stemphylium herbarum [anamorph] |
| Poria root rot | Oxyporus latemarginatus = Poria latemarginata |
| Post bloom fruit drop | Colletotrichum acutatum |
| Powdery mildew | Oidium tingitaninum = Acrosporium tingitaninum |
| Rhizopus rot | Rhizopus stolonifer |
| Rio Grande gummosis | Possibly Lasiodiplodia theobromae Hendersonula toruloidea and other unknown agents |
| Rootlet rot | Pythium rostratum Pythium ultimum |
| Rosellinia root rot | Rosellinia sp. |
| Scab | Elsinoë fawcettii Sphaceloma fawcettii [anamorph] |
| Sclerotinia twig blight, fruit rot and root rot | Sclerotinia sclerotiorum |
| Septoria spot | Septoria citri |
| Sooty blotch | Gloeodes pomigena |
| Sour rot | Geotrichum citri-aurantii Galactomyces citri-aurantii [teleomorph] Galactomyces candidum Galactomyces geotrichum [teleomorph] |
| Sweet orange scab | Elsinoë australis |
| Thread blight | Corticium stevensii Pellicularia koleroga |
| Trichoderma rot | Trichoderma viride Hypocrea sp. [teleomorph] |
| Twig blight | Rhytidhysteron rufulum |
| Ustulina root rot | Ustulina deusta Nodulisporium sp. [anamorph] |
| Whisker mold | Penicillium ulaiense |
| White root rot | Rosellinia sp. Rosellinia necatrix Dematophora necatrix [anamorph] Rosellinia subiculata |

## Nematodes, parasitic

Nematodes, parasitic :
| Citrus slump nematode | Pratylenchus coffeae |
| Dagger nematode | Xiphinema spp. |
| Lesion nematode | Pratylenchus spp. Pratylenchus brachyurus Pratylenchus coffeae Pratylenchus vulnus |
| Needle nematode | Longidorus spp. |
| Root-knot nematode | Meloidogyne spp. |
| Sheath nematode | Hemicycliophora spp. Hemicycliophora arenaria |
| Slow decline (citrus nematode) | Tylenchulus semipenetrans |
| Spreading decline (burrowing nematode) | Radopholus similis |
| Sting nematode | Belonolaimus longicaudatus |
| Stubby-root nematode | Paratrichodorus spp. |
| Stunt nematode | Tylenchorhynchus spp. |

## Viral diseases

Viral diseases :
| Citrus mosaic | Satsuma dwarf-related virus |
| Bud union crease | Virus for some combinations, otherwise genetic or unknown |
| Citrus leaf rugose | genus Ilarvirus, Citrus leaf rugose virus (CLRV) |
| Citrus yellow mosaic | genus Badnavirus |
| Crinkly leaf | Crinkly leaf virus (strain of Citrus variegation virus) |
| Infectious variegation | genus Ilarvirus, Citrus variegation virus (CVV) |
| Navel infectious mottling | Satsuma dwarf-related virus |
| Psorosis | Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV) |
| Satsuma dwarf | Satsuma dwarf virus (SDV) |
| Tatter leaf = citrange stunt | genus Capillovirus, Citrus tatter leaf virus (probably a closely related strain of Apple stem grooving virus rather than a distinct virus |
| Tristeza = decline and stem pitting, seedling yellows | genus Closterovirus, Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) |
| Citrus Leprosis Virus type I & II |

## Viroids and graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]

Viroids and graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP] :
| Algerian navel orange virus | GTP |
| Blight = young tree decline, rough lemon decline | GTP |
| Blind pocket | GTP |
| Cachexia | Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid) |
| Chlorotic dwarf | White-fly transmitted GTP |
| Citrus dwarfing | Various viroids |
| Citrus vein enation (CVEV) = woody gall | GTP (possible luteovirus) |
| Citrus yellow mottle | GTP |
| Citrus yellow ringspot | GTP |
| Concave gum | GTP |
| Cristacortis | GTP |
| Exocortis | Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) Pospiviroidae |
| Fatal yellows | GTP |
| Gummy bark | GTP, possible viroid |
| Gum pocket and gummy pittings | GTP, possible viroid |
| Impietratura | GTP |
| Indian citrus ringspot | GTP |
| Leaf curl | GTP |
| Leathery leaf | GTP |
| Leprosis | GTP associated with Brevipalpus spp. mites |
| Measles | GTP |
| Milam stem-pitting | GTP |
| Multiple sprouting disease | GTP |
| Nagami kumquat disease | GTP |
| Ringspot diseases | Various GTPs |
| Xyloporosis = cachexia | Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid) |
| Yellow vein | GTP |
| Yellow vein clearing of lemon | GTP |

## Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases

Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases :
| Australian citrus dieback | Unknown procaryote? |
| Stubborn | Spiroplasma citri (spread by leafhoppers) |
| Witches’ broom of lime | Phytoplasma |

## Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders :
| Algal disease (algal spot) | Cephaleuros virescens |
| Amachamiento | Unknown |
| Blossom-end clearing | Physiological |
| Chilling injury | Cold temperatures |
| Citrus blight | Unknown - pathogen suspected |
| Creasing | Nutritional (?) |
| Crinkle scurf | Genetic |
| Granulation | Physiological |
| Lemon sieve-tube necrosis | Unknown, but hereditary |
| Lime blotch = wood pocket | Inherited chimeral agent |
| Membranous stain | Cold temperatures |
| Mesophyll collapse | Unknown |
| Oleocellosis | Physiological |
| Postharvest pitting | Physiological |
| Puffing | Physiological |
| Rind breakdown | Physiological |
| Rind staining | Physiological |
| Rind stipple of grapefruit | Environmental |
| Rumple of lemon fruit | Unknown |
| Shell bark complex | Unknown - (viroid?) |
| Sooty mold (superficial, not pathogenic) | Capnodium C. citricola Capnodium sp. |
| Stem-end rind breakdown | Physiological |
| Stylar-end breakdown of Tahiti lime | Physiological |
| Stylar-end rind breakdown | Physiological |
| Stylar-end rot | Physiological |
| Sunburn | Excessive heat and light |
| Tangerine dieback | Unknown |
| Water spot | Physiological |
| Woody galls on stems | Bruchophagus fellis (Citrus Gall Wasp) |
| Zebra skin | Physiological |