OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Frontiers in Medicine

Frontiers in Medicine is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal covering all aspects of medicine in 18 sections. It was established in 2014 and is published by Frontiers Media. The editor-in-chief is Michel Goldman (Institute for Interdisciplinary Innovation in healthcare).

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in PubMed and Scopus. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 5.091.
# Energy flow

Energy flow may refer to:
* Energy transfer, the transfer of physical energy from one body or place to another
* Energy flow (ecology), the flow of energy through a biological food chain
* Energy (esotericism) flow, the movement of spiritual energy
* Fluid dynamics, energy of a flowing fluid related to pressure
* "Energy Flow", a 1999 song by Ryuichi Sakamoto
# Cat's claw

Cat's claw or cat's claws (also uña de gato or unha de gato in Spanish or Portuguese) is a common name for several plants:
* Acacia greggii, a tree species native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico
* Acacia plumosa, a plant species native to Brazil
* Carpobrotus edulis, or uña de gato (Spanish: "cat's claw"), a plant species in the family Aizoaceae
* Dolichandra unguis-cati, or cat's claw creeper, a Central American climbing vine of the family Bignoniaceae
* Grevillea alpina, a shrub species native to Australia
* Martynia annua, a plant species endemic to Brazil
* Mimosa nuttallii (formerly Schrankia nuttalli), a plant native to the Midwestern United States
* Uncaria guianensis, a plant species found in Guyana and used in traditional medicine
* Uncaria rhynchophylla, a plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine
* Uncaria tomentosa, a plant species found in the tropical jungles of South and Central America and used in traditional medicine
# Urophora xanthippe

Urophora xanthippe is a species of fruit fly in the family Tephritidae.

## Distribution

Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Afghanistan
# Tom Swiney

Thomas James Swiney (1 January 1875 – 15 October 1945) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for one term from 1920 until 1922. He was a member of the Labor Party (ALP) .
Swiney was born in Balranald, New South Wales and worked as a farmer. At the 1920 election, he was the first candidate on the ALP list and won the third and last position in the multi-member seat of Byron. Swiney was defeated at the 1922 election by 223 votes. He later held positions with the Aboriginal Protection Board. He did not hold ministerial or party office.
# Stan Zadel

Stanley Zadel (April 8, 1916 – October 21, 1982) was a professional basketball player. He played in the National Basketball League for the Sheboygan Red Skins for ten games in one season, then played for the Chicago Bruins in 18 games the following season. In 28 career games, he averaged 5.0 points per game.
# Gabar dams

Gabar dams are a series of walls and dams found in Sindh and Balochistan provinces of Pakistan, constructed to store rainwater and divert the flow of rivers. Some of them date to the 4th and 3rd millennia BCE. There are around 15 such dams present in the Kirthar Mountains in the Sindh and Balochistan plateau.
# Tropidothorax sinensis

Tropidothorax sinensis is a species of seed bug in the family Lygaeidae, found in eastern Asia.
# Fuel polishing

Fuel polishing is the technical cleaning process used to remove or filter microbial contamination from oil and hydrocarbon fuel in storage. It is essentially the removal of water, sediment and microbial contamination from such fuels as diesel, red diesel and biodiesel. This fuel contamination, also known as 'fuel bugs', or 'diesel bugs', or 'so-called algae' build up over time in stored fuels if they aren't tested and treated on a regular basis. Fuel analysis should be undertaken before fuel polishing is commenced so that the exact contamination problem can be rectified with a targeted solution. A second fuel test should be performed after the fuel polishing has been completed to confirm the problem has been fixed.

## Sources of contamination

* Water
** Dissolved Water
** Emulsified Water
** Free Water
* Microbial Growth (AKA Diesel Bug)
** Bacteria
** Yeast
** Mold
** Bio-films
* Solid Particle Contamination
** Rust
** Dirt
** Gums
** Wax
** Soot
** Organic Compounds
Any and all of these contaminants will eventually lead to break downs or engine failure.
These types of contamination can be introduced from many different sources throughout the supply chain of the diesel fuel as well as within the storage tank itself. Any one of these contaminants can cause complete engine failure.
In April 2010, Cathay Pacific Flight 780, an aircraft carrying over 300 passengers, had a close call when fuel contaminated with spherical particles damaged the aircraft's engines, resulting in 57 passenger injuries as the pilots had to land the aircraft at twice the normal landing speed.

## Symptoms of 'diesel bugs'

The symptoms of diesel bugs are easy to find. Important things to check over and look out for are:
* Blocked Filters
* Fuel System Failure
* Worn Fuel Injectors
* Corroded Tanks
* Engine Failure
Microbial contamination is significantly accelerated when higher biodiesel content occurs along with lower sulphur content.

## Water in oil

Almost everything on Earth contains elements of water; oil and fuel are no exceptions. While very small amounts exist in fuels to start with, stored fuel will become a breeding ground for the microbial bacteria and over time, the levels of damage change from dissolved to emulsified and finally free.
* Dissolved - Dissolved water in oil is the presence of water but, unnoticeable to the eye. The water continues to develop until saturation point where water visibility begins.
* Emulsified - At the point of saturation, a cloudy appearance will be the tell-tale sign that the water/oil mixture has become emulsified.
* Free - The most developed stage of fuel contamination is when free-flowing puddles of water appear within stored oil. At this point, bacterial contamination and growth is boosted.

## Microbial contamination

The contaminants found in fuel can be made up of a number of organisms, predominantly Hormoconis resinae, which is typically the main contaminant when microbial contamination is present, along with bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and fungi such as yeasts and moulds like Yarrowia tropicalis.
# English and Australian Copper Company

The English and Australian Copper Company was a South Australian based company, established in 1851 from the transfer of assets of the Patent Copper Company (formerly based in Swansea, South Wales). Formed as a joint stock company, with smelting works at Spitty (South Wales) and Kooringa (Burra, South Australia), it also maintained wharves at Port Adelaide and Port Wakefield, where copper ore was largely supplied by the South Australian Mining Association (SAMA).
The Spitty copper works were disposed of in 1855, and most of the company’s operations were transferred to South Australia. In 1861, a copper smelting works was opened in Port Adelaide. However, due to the reduced production of copper ore in the colony, the company’s Kooringa works suspended operations in 1869, and in 1872, a portion of the smelting plant and machinery was transferred to Newcastle, New South Wales, where the Lambton Works opened.
In 1918, the English and Australian Copper Company dissolved and ceased operations as a business.
# Catephia corticea

Catephia corticea is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Kenya.
# Urophora volkovae

Urophora volkovae is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Urophora of the family Tephritidae.

## Distribution

Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan.
# List of members of the European Parliament for Slovakia, 2004–2009

This is a list of the 14 members of the European Parliament for Slovakia in the 2004 to 2009 session.

## List

| Name | National party | EP group | Votes |
| Peter Baco | People's Party–Movement for a Democratic Slovakia | NI | 7,813 |
| Edit Bauer | Party of the Hungarian Coalition | EPP–ED | 35,892 |
| Irena Belohorská | People's Party–Movement for a Democratic Slovakia | NI | 9,738 |
| Monika Beňová | Direction–Social Democracy | PES | 64,250 |
| Árpád Duka-Zólyomi | Party of the Hungarian Coalition | EPP–ED | 12,743 |
| Milan Gaľa | Democratic and Christian Union–Democratic Party | EPP–ED | 2,466 |
| Ján Hudacký | Christian Democratic Movement | EPP–ED | 10,363 |
| Miloš Koterec | Direction–Social Democracy | PES | 879 |
| Sergej Kozlík | People's Party–Movement for a Democratic Slovakia | NI | 74,938 |
| Vladimír Maňka | Direction–Social Democracy | PES | 8,376 |
| Miroslav Mikolášik | Christian Democratic Movement | EPP–ED | 21,052 |
| Zita Pleštinská | Democratic and Christian Union–Democratic Party | EPP–ED | 1,521 |
| Peter Šťastný | Democratic and Christian Union–Democratic Party | EPP–ED | 74,447 |
| Anna Záborská | Christian Democratic Movement | EPP–ED | 25,936 |

### Party representation

| National party | EP Group | Seats |
| Democratic and Christian Union–Democratic Party | EPP–ED | 3 / 14 |
| People's Party–Movement for a Democratic Slovakia | NI | 3 / 14 |
| Direction–Social Democracy | PES | 3 / 14 |
| Christian Democratic Movement | EPP–ED | 3 / 14 |
| Party of the Hungarian Coalition | EPP–ED | 2 / 14 |
# Whitney Laiho

Whitney Laiho-Biles (born May 8, 1980) is an American former tennis player.

## Biography

A right-handed player from Rhode Island, Laiho attended Middletown High School and was a top 50 ranked ITF junior. She made the girls' singles quarter-finals of the 1997 US Open.
Her first professional title came at the Baltimore USTA satellite in 1999, which she secured by beating Vilmarie Castellvi in the final.
Laiho was a five-time All-American tennis player for the University of Florida and most notably partnered with Jessica Lehnhoff to win the 2001 NCAA Division I women's doubles championship.
As the reigning NCAA doubles champions, Laiho and Lehnhoff earned a wildcard into the women's doubles main draw of the 2001 US Open. They became the first college pairing since 1983 to make the third round, where they were beaten by Martina Navratilova and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario.
# St Mary's Church, Hartwell

St Mary's Church is a redundant Anglican church in the village of Hartwell, Buckinghamshire, England. It is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust. The church is now ruined, and stands in the grounds of Hartwell House, to the north of the A418 road.

## History

The church was built between 1753 and 1755 to a design by Henry Keene for Sir William Lee. It is an early example of Gothic Revival architecture and was planned to be a feature in the grounds of Hartwell House. The church is now a ruin. On 21 December 1967 it was designated as a Grade II* listed building. Grade II* listing means that it is considered to be a particularly important building of more than special interest. The church was declared redundant on 23 March 1973, and was vested in the Churches Conservation Trust on 27 July 1975. When the Trust took over the church it was in poor condition and without a roof. In 2000 repairs were carried out, which included rebuilding the roof in its original design using Westmorland slate, repairing the roof of the east tower, and repairing some of the stonework on the exterior of the church. The interior of the church is not accessible to visitors.

## Architecture

Built in ashlar stone, the building has an octagonal plan with two towers, one at the east end, the other at the west. Its main windows have three lights and contain Y-tracery. Around the summit of the church is a battlemented parapet with crocketted pinnacles and a moulded cornice. Below this is a string course. Between the string course and the parapet are quatrefoil windows. On the north and south sides, and on the outer sides of the towers are rose windows. At the summit of the towers are openwork parapets and more crocketted pinnacles.
# Gabar

Gabar may refer to:

## Places

* Fitzroy Island (Queensland)
* Gabar, Iran
* Gabar, Burgas Province
* Gabar, Kriva Palanka, North Macedonia
* Mount Gabar, (Şırnak Province, Türkiye)

## People

* Gabar Singh Negi (1895–1915), Indian Victoria Cross recipient

## Other

* Gabar goshawk, an African and Arabian bird of prey of the family Accipitridae
# Tryno Maldonado

Tryno Maldonado (born 1977) is a Mexican writer. He was born in Zacatecas, México. In 2006, he was named by the Colombian magazine Gatopardo as one of the best young writers in Latin America. His published work includes the novel Temporada de caza para el león negro which was nominated for the Premio Herralde. He has also edited an anthology of new Mexican writing. Recenetly has spent time with Zapatista movement and Marichuy indigenous politician and the Ayotzinapa family victims.
# Frustration (card game)

Frustration is an early 20th century Eastern European patience or card solitaire resembling the banking game of Treize which has its roots in the 1700s. Frustration is similar to but opposite of Hit or Miss.

## History

Frustration appears to have been played by the Romani people of Eastern Europe before the Second World War, but came to light in American in the 1990s where it became the subject of mathematical investigation. The game relies purely on luck rather than on skill, and has been both mathematically analyzed and discussed in popular media. It is an example of a derangement problem in combinatorial mathematics, which can be understood using a combinatorial tool called a rook polynomial. The probability of winning the game has been determined exactly, and is approximately 1.6233%. The same technique can be applied to variations of the game that use different numbers of suits, and different numbers of cards per suit.
This instantiation of Frustration does not appear in any games compendium; the patience described in the 1993 work, The Complete Book of Card Games, is a double pack game that is played quite differently.

## Rules

As in the Hit or Miss, the player deals the cards from a 52-card deck, and says "ace" when drawing the first card, "two" for the second, then "three, four... nine, ten, jack, queen, king", then starts again with "ace".
The game is lost if the rank of a dealt card matches the rank uttered by the player while dealing it. The game is won if the sequence is successfully repeated four times (and the entire deck is thus dealt out) without any word/card match causing a loss.
# Catephia discophora

Catephia discophora is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in South Africa.
# Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Darimi

Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Darimi (Arabic:عثمان بن سعيد الدارمي), full name Abu Sa'eed Uthman ibn Sa'id ibn Khalid ibn Sa'id al-Darimi, was a 9th-century Islamic scholar and Athari theologian. A narrator of hadith, he was known for being extremely strict against the Jahmi and Karami schools of thought which prevailed during his time. His best known work is the Naqd 'Uthman ibn Sa'id 'alal-Marisi al-Jahmi al-Anid, a detailed refutation against one of his contemporaries, Bishr al-Marisi.

## Biography

Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Darimi was born in the year 815. He adhered to the Shafi'i school of thought. Darimi learned hadith and other prophetic traditions from the leading scholars of his time, Ali ibn al-Madini, Yahya ibn Ma'in and the founder of the Hanbali school, Ahmad ibn Hanbal. He became a narrator of hadith, and later scholars like Ibn Hibban and Hakim al-Nishapuri would narrate hadith from him.
Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Darimi died in the year 894.

## Controversy

Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Darimi was known for his aggression against the Jahmi school. He was severe against Bishr al-Marisi, even going as far as to excommunicate him and write a book of refutations against him. His writings were quoted by later traditionist Athari scholars like Ibn Taymiyyah.
Aside from the Jahmis, Darimi was also against the Karami school. He stood against them, denouncing them repeatedly for their anthropomorphistic beliefs regarding God's nature. His persistent efforts to defame the Karamiyyah resulted in their founder, Ibn Karram, being expelled from Nishapur.
The historian Al-Dhahabi said that Darimi was a “stinger in the eyes of the heretics.”

## Works

* Naqd 'Uthman ibn Sa'id 'alal-Marisi al-Jahmi al-Anid
* Al-Radd 'ala al-Jahmiyyah
# Johan Meyer (rugby union)

Johan Gert Meyer (born 26 February 1993 in Port Elizabeth, South Africa) is a retired South African born rugby union player, who played with Italian side Zebre in the Pro14 and European Rugby Challenge Cup, and for the Italian national team after qualifying through residency. His regular position was flanker or number eight.

## Youth

Meyer represented Eastern Cape side the Border Bulldogs at several youth tournaments. In 2006, he played for their Under-13 side at the Craven Week competition. He played for them at two Under-18 Craven Week competitions – in 2010 and again in 2011, when he scored three tries for the Border U18 side, including two in their match against Griquas Country Districts.
After school, Meyer moved to Durban where he joined the Sharks Academy. He was a member of the Sharks U19 squad that played in the 2012 Under-19 Provincial Championship (although he never played for them) and the Sharks U21 squads in 2013 and 2014.

## Sharks

Meyer made his first class debut during the 2013 Vodacom Cup competition, making his first of 5 appearances off the bench in the Sharks XV's 72–6 victory over his former side the Border Bulldogs in Durban.
He was once again involved in the Sharks XV 2014 Vodacom Cup campaign, this time appearing in all eight of their matches; four times in the run-on side and four times off the bench. His first start came in their Round Three match against the Free State XV in Bloemfontein and two weeks later he scored his first senior try in their match against the Boland Cavaliers in Ceres to help the Sharks XV to a 43–27 win. He scored another try in their match against Kenyan invitational side Simba XV in a 40–3 victory in Cape Town and another in the quarter-final, which wasn't enough to see the Sharks XV lose 27–20 to eventual losing finalists the Golden Lions to be eliminated from the competition.
Meyer was then named in the Sharks squad for the 2014 Currie Cup Premier Division competition and named on the bench for their Round Two match against the Pumas.

## Zebre

Meyer joined Italian Pro12 side Zebre for the 2015–16 Pro12 season. He played 17 games, starting 16, playing 1269 minutes, scoring 3 tries contributing 15-point in the Pro 12 series. He played 5 games in the European Rugby Challenge Cup contributing 5 points. On the 23rd of March 2023 Mayer announced that he will retire from professional rugby at the end of the 2022-2023 season for the consequences of a critical injury.

## International

He has represented Italy on 14 occasions, with 2 tries, from 2018 to 2021, qualifying on residency grounds.
# Rufus N. Rhodes

Rufus Napoleon Rhodes (June 5, 1856– January 12, 1910) was the founder, publisher, and managing editor of the Birmingham News in Alabama from 1888 until his death.

## Early life and education

Rhodes was born in Mississippi. He was a lawyer by profession.

## Career

Rhodes practiced law in Clarksville, Tennessee, for four years. For a time, he was a private secretary to United States Senator James E. Bailey of Tennessee, and served for one term in the Tennessee House of Representatives. He later practiced law for four years in Chicago, Illinois.
He then moved to Birmingham, Alabama. Rhodes launched The Evening News, later renamed the Birmingham News, on March 14, 1888. He also served as a director of the Associated Press.
Rhodes was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions of 1892 and 1904, and served as a brigadier general in the Alabama National Guard in 1898. He was the first editor to endorse Grover Cleveland as president.

## Death

He died in Birmingham, Alabama, and is buried in Birmingham's Elmwood Cemetery.
# Whitney Lakes Provincial Park

Whitney Lakes Provincial Park is a provincial park located in Alberta, Canada. It is located in the southeastern part of the County of St. Paul No. 19.
It was established on June 23, 1982.
# Harry Van Mulligen

Harry Van Mulligen (born April 2, 1947) is a Canadian retired provincial politician. He was a Saskatchewan New Democratic Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1986 to 2009, when he resigned from the legislature to permit newly elected leader Dwain Lingenfelter to run in a by-election.
# Gabrielle Upton (screenwriter)

Gabrielle Upton (July 6, 1921 – September 13, 2022) was a Canadian-born American screenwriter and actress, best known for her writing work on the 1959 film Gidget, as well television shows such as The Loretta Young Show, Ben Casey, and The Virginian.

## Life and career

Upton was born in Vancouver, British Columbia on July 6, 1921. By 1953, Upton had turned from acting to screenwriting, a move that spawned more offers of work for her in television, film and radio. During the 1950s, Upton worked in the United Kingdom, writing scripts for the anthology series Douglas Fairbanks Presents. Her husband was actor turned sound man Julian Upton, who was also born in Vancouver. He predeceased her in 2016, aged 94. She died in Santa Rosa, California on September 13, 2022, at the age of 101.
# Trivellona conjonctiva

Trivellona conjonctiva is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Triviidae, the false cowries or trivias.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 8.2 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off New Caledonia.
# Caulastraea

Caulastraea is a genus of stony corals in the family Merulinidae. Species of Caulastraea are commonly found in the aquarium trade under the names candy cane coral or trumpet coral.

## Species

The following species are currently recognized:
* Caulastraea connata (Ortmann, 1892)
* Caulastraea curvata Wijsman-Best, 1972
* Caulastraea echinulata (M. Edwards & Haime, 1849)
* Caulastraea furcata Dana, 1846
* Caulastraea tumida Matthai, 1928

## Gallery

* At Birdworld, England
* A colony in captivity
* Feeder tentacles extended
# Uuesalu

Uuesalu is a village in Rae Parish, Harju County in Estonia, being one of the newest villages in Estonia. IBE Estonia OÜ started with real estate development in the area around 2008, and has since built around 400 homes. Over the years, other developers have also built new homes, making it one of the fastest-growing villages in Estonia. The official village was registered in 2013. Active village members have also created an NGO for community projects. Thea area is one of the biggest residential areas part of Estonian Neighborhood Watch. There is a nursery and a private daycare in the village, number of public playgrounds, recreational area for outdoor sports (volleyball, basketball) as well as a sledging hill and a little lake for swimming both in the summer and winter (ice swimming) - making it a preferential place to live for families with kids and pets. In 2017 also an office building was completed, increasing local job opportunities after-hours activities. Nearest schools and shops are within 5 km radius, there is also public transport connection to Tallinn.