OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fergus Fortamail

Fergus Fortamail ("strong, prevailing"), son of Bresal Brecc, son of Óengus Ollom, son of Ailill Bracan, son of Labraid Loingsech, was, according to medieval Irish legend and historical tradition, a High King of Ireland. He took power after killing the previous incumbent, Eochaid Ailtlethan, in battle, and ruled for either eleven, twelve or twelve and a half years, until he was killed by Eochaid's son Óengus Tuirmech Temrach in battle at Tara. The Lebor Gabála Érenn synchronises his reign with that of Ptolemy VI Philometor in Egypt (180–145 BC). The chronology of Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn dates his reign to 274–262 BC, that of the Annals of the Four Masters to 396–385 BC.
| Preceded byEochaid Ailtlethan | High King of Ireland LGE 2nd century BC FFE 274–262 BC AFM 396–385 BC | Succeeded byÓengus Tuirmech Temrach |
# Rhachomyces

Rhachomyces is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contains 71 species.
# Feltia

Feltia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

## Species

* Feltia austrina (Lafontaine, 1986)
* Feltia beringiana (Lafontaine & Kononenko, 1986)
* Feltia boreana (Lafontaine, 1986)
* Feltia evanidalis (Grote, 1878) (syn: Feltia californiae McDunnough, 1939)
* Feltia floridensis Lafontaine, 2004
* Feltia geniculata Grote & Robinson, 1868
* Feltia herilis (Grote, 1873)
* Feltia inyoca Lafontaine, 2004
* Feltia jaculifera (Guenée, 1852)
* Feltia manifesta (Morrison, 1875)
* Feltia mollis (Walker, [1857])
* Feltia nigrita (Graeser, 1892) (formerly in Trichosilia)
* Feltia repleta (Walker, 1857)
* Feltia subgothica (Haworth, 1809)
* Feltia subterranea (Fabricius, 1794)
* Feltia tricosa (Lintner, 1874)
* Feltia troubridgei Lafontaine, 2004
* Feltia woodiana (Lafontaine, 1986)
# Ferdydurke

Ferdydurke is a novel by the Polish writer Witold Gombrowicz, published in 1937. It was his first and most controversial novel.
The book has been described as a "cult novel".

## Author's comment

Gombrowicz himself wrote of his novel that it is not "... a satire on some social class, nor a nihilistic attack on culture... We live in an era of violent changes, of accelerated development, in which settled forms are breaking under life's pressure... The need to find a form for what is yet immature, uncrystalized and underdeveloped, as well as the groan at the impossibility of such a postulate – this is the chief excitement of my book."

## Translations

The first translation of the novel, to Spanish, published in Buenos Aires in 1947, was done by Gombrowicz himself. A translation committee presided over by the Cuban writer Virgilio Piñera helped him in this endeavor, since Gombrowicz felt that he did not know the language well enough at the time to do it on his own. Gombrowicz again collaborated on a French translation of the book, with Ronald Martin in 1958. A direct German translation by Walter Tiel was published in 1960. In 2006, the first Brazilian Portuguese translation by Tomasz Barciński, direct from the Polish original text, was delivered.
The first English translation of Ferdydurke, by Eric Mosbacher, was published in 1961. It was a combined indirect translation of the French, German and possibly Spanish translations. In 2000, Yale University Press published the first direct translation from the original Polish. The 2000 edition, translated by Danuta Borchardt, has an introduction by Susan Sontag.
Direct and indirect translations now exist in over twenty languages.

## Adaptations

Jerzy Skolimowski directed the 1991 film adaptation of Ferdydurke (alternate English title: 30 Door Key) with an international cast including Iain Glen, Crispin Glover, Beata Poźniak, Robert Stephens, Judith Godrèche, Zbigniew Zamachowski, and Fabienne Babe.
In 1999, Ferdydurke was adapted into a stage play by Provisorium & Kompania Theater from Lublin.

## Analysis

The novel has been described as a "meditation on stupidity and immaturity", with its other main themes being the tragedy of passing from immature, utopian youth to adulthood, and the degree to which culture can infantilize various subjects.

## Reception

The book was Gombrowicz's first and most controversial novel. It has been described since as a cult novel. Writing in 1995, Warren F. Motte commented that the book "exemplifies that rare bird of literary avant-garde: a text that retains, decades after its initial publication, the power to shock.".

## Influences

Among works influenced by the book is Jacek Dukaj's novel Other Songs.
# Richard McFadden

Richard McFadden (1889 in Cambuslang, Lanarkshire – 23 October 1916 in Flanders, France) was a Scottish footballer who was Clapton Orient's top scorer for four consecutive seasons between 1911 and 1915.
Having moved from Scotland to Blyth as a boy, McFadden started his career in the Northern League with Blyth in November 1910, before moving to Wallsend Park Villa for a fee of £2. In May 1911, he joined Clapton Orient, scoring on his debut against Derby County on 2 September.
McFadden broke Orient's goalscoring record in his first season with the club, scoring 19 goals, only to break the record again in what was to be his final season, 1914–1915, with 21 goals. In the intervening two seasons, he was still Orient's top scorer. He also represented a Southern XI in a match against England in November 1914, scoring the only goal of the game, after which a Daily Express reporter declared that McFadden was the "outstanding player on the field".
McFadden attracted press attention off the pitch in 1912 when he rescued an 11-year-old boy from the River Lea, for which he received a medal from the Mayor of Hackney. Prior to joining Clapton Orient McFadden had also risked his own life when rescuing a man from a burning building.
At the outbreak of World War I professional football was suspended, and McFadden joined the 17th Battalion Middlesex Regiment, the "Footballers' Battalion", along with 40 other Orient players and staff. He rose to the rank of Company Sergeant Major. During the Battle of the Somme, he witnessed the death of his childhood friend and Orient teammate William Jonas in July 1916, and was injured himself a few weeks later. On his recovery he returned to the front and earned the Military Medal, but on 22 October 1916, McFadden was fatally wounded by a shell blast whilst leading his men near Serre-lès-Puisieux. He died of wounds the next day in a field hospital. His death was acknowledged by other football clubs, including Arsenal in their official programme, and the Manchester Football Chronicle stated, "In civil life he was a hero, and he proved himself a hero on the battlefield." McFadden is buried at Couin British Cemetery.
# Rich in Love

Rich in Love may refer to:
* Rich in Love (1992 film), a drama film
* Rich in Love (2020 film), a Brazilian romantic comedy film
* Rich in Love, an album by Colin Linden
* Rich in Love (novel), a novel by Josephine Humphreys, the basis of the 1992 film
# Rich focus

A Rich focus is a tuberculous granuloma occurring within the cortex or meninges of the brain that ruptures into the subarachnoid space, causing tuberculous meningitis. The Rich focus is named for Arnold Rice Rich, a pathologist at Johns Hopkins Hospital, who along with his colleague Howard McCordock first described the post-mortem finding of caseous foci within the cerebral cortex or meninges which appeared to predate the development of meningitis. Prior to their research the prevailing view had been that meningitis occurred as a result of the dissemination of tuberculous bacilli associated with miliary tuberculosis and that these processes occurred at the same time.

## Developments

More recently a more comprehensive classification of the pathogenesis of tuberculous meningitis has been proposed by Donald et al.:
* A Rich focus develops as a result of haematogenous dissemination from the primary complex, including miliary tuberculousis, subsequently rupturing into the sub-arachnoid space.
* A Rich focus develops within the choroid plexus or ventricular walls as a result of haematogenous dissemination.
* The mechanism described by Rich and McCordock in which haematogenous dissemination at the time of infection, or later, results in development of a Rich focus which is initially controlled but later ruptures into the subarachnoid space.
* Direct extension from an adjacent structure such as the vertebrae results in development of meningitis.
# Ferris Mountains

The Ferris Mountains are a small mountain range in Carbon County, Wyoming. A high white cliff undulates along the entire length of the south side of the range, making it uniquely noticeable. The cliff is predominantly visible from U.S. Route 287. The highest peak in the range is Ferris Peak, which rises to an elevation of 10,037 feet (3,059 m). Ferris peak stands 3,000 feet (910 m) above the surrounding valley, and is the highest peak in the Great Divide Basin.
Most of the range is covered by a BLM Wilderness Study Area.
# Richard Horton

Richard Horton may refer to:
* Richard Horton (editor) (born 1961), chief editor of The Lancet
* Richard Horton (blogger) (born 1964), police blogger
* Dick Horton (Richard J. Horton, born 1949), American golf administrator
# Richard Blake

Richard Blake may refer to:
* Richard W. Blake, or Richard Blake (born 1983), American television and film actor, writer, director, as well as producer
* Richard Blake (16th century), mayor of Galway, 1533–1534
* Richard Blake (17th century), mayor of Galway, fl. 1647
* Richard Blake Brown (1902–1968), British priest and author
* Richard H. Blake (born 1975), American musical actor
* Richard Blake, namesake of the Blake Transit Center in Ann Arbor, Michigan
# Richard Paltauf

Richard Paltauf (9 February 1858 – 21 April 1924) was an Austrian pathologist and bacteriologist.

## Biography

Paltauf was born on 9 February 1858, in Judenburg, Styria.
In 1880 he received his medical doctorate at the University of Graz, and from 1881 to 1883 was an assistant to pathologist Hans Kundrat (1845-1893) in Graz. Afterwards, he remained as Kundrat's assistant at the University of Vienna, where in 1888 he obtained his habilitation in pathological anatomy. In 1892 he became an associate professor of general pathology and pathological histology, and during the following year became head of the institute for pathological histology and bacteriology. From 1900 until his death in 1924 he was a full professor of general and experimental pathology.
With Anton Weichselbaum (1845-1920), he was responsible for introducing bacteriology and serology at Vienna. Also he founded a serotherapeutical institute as well as an institution for vaccination against rabies. With Carl Sternberg (1872-1935), he conducted important research of lymphogranulomatosis.
Paltauf died on 21 April 1924.

## Written works

* Lymphosarkom (Lymphosarkomatose, Pseuloleukämie, Myelom, Chlorom). Ergebnisse der allgemeinen Pathologie und pathologischen Anatomie der Menschen und der Tiere, 1897, 3, 1 Heft: 652-691. -- On lymphosarcoma.
* Ein Fall von Mycosis fungoides mit Erkrankung von Nerven und mit Lokalisation in den inneren Organe, (with Gustav Scherber) in Virchows Archiv (1916). -- On mycosis fungoides.
* Paltauf was the author of a highly regarded chapter on agglutination in the Handbuch der pathogenen Mikroorganismen by Wilhelm Kolle (1868-1935) and August von Wassermann (1866-1925). He also wrote a treatise on the pathology of blood, published in the Krehl-Marchand Handbuch der allgemeinen Pathologie, and contributed information on the formation of new skin to the Handbuch der Hautkrankheiten by Franz Mracek (1848-1908).
# Richard T. De George

Richard Thomas De George (born 1933) is an American philosopher and University Distinguished Professor of Philosophy, of Russian and East European Studies, and of Business Administration, and Co-Director of the International Center for Ethics in Business at the University of Kansas. He is a former president of the Metaphysical Society of America (1983).
# Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award

The Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award is an annual award (since 1979) given by the American Automatic Control Council (AACC) for achievements in control theory, named after the applied mathematician Richard E. Bellman. The award is given for "distinguished career contributions to the theory or applications of automatic control", and it is the "highest recognition of professional achievement for U.S. control systems engineers and scientists".
The original name was Control Heritage Award, and it was initially only given for the engineering side of control.

## Recipients

The following individuals have received the AACC Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award:
* 1979: Hendrik Wade Bode
* 1980: Nathaniel B. Nichols
* 1981: Charles Stark Draper
* 1982: Irving Lefkowitz
* 1983: John V. Breakwell
* 1984: Richard E. Bellman
* 1985: Harold Chestnut
* 1986: John Zaborszky
* 1987: John C. Lozier
* 1988: Walter R. Evans
* 1989: Roger W. Brockett
* 1990: Arthur E. Bryson, Jr.
* 1991: John G. Truxal
* 1992: Rutherford Aris
* 1993: Eliahu I. Jury
* 1994: Jose B. Cruz, Jr.
* 1995: Michael Athans
* 1996: Elmer G. Gilbert
* 1997: Rudolf E. Kálmán
* 1998: Lotfi Asker Zadeh
* 1999: Yu-Chi Ho
* 2000: W. Harmon Ray
* 2001: A.V. Balakrishnan
* 2002: Petar V. Kokotovic
* 2003: Kumpati S. Narendra
* 2004: Harold J. Kushner
* 2005: Gene F. Franklin
* 2006: Tamer Başar
* 2007: Sanjoy K. Mitter
* 2008: Pravin Varaiya
* 2009: George Leitmann
* 2010: Dragoslav D. Šiljak
* 2011: Manfred Morari
* 2012: Arthur J. Krener
* 2013: A. Stephen Morse
* 2014: Dimitri Bertsekas
* 2015: Thomas F. Edgar
* 2016: Jason L. Speyer
* 2017: John Baras
* 2018: Masayoshi Tomizuka
* 2019: Irena Lasiecka
* 2020: Galip Ulsoy
* 2021: Miroslav Krstić
* 2022: Eduardo Sontag
* 2023: Stephen P. Boyd
* 2024: Naomi Leonard
# Richard J. Goodwin

Richard Goodwin (born 1953 in Sydney) is an Australian artist, architect and professor of Fine Arts and Design at the University of New South Wales School of Art and Design.

## Work

Goodwin is the director of Richard Goodwin Pty Ltd, a Sydney-based practice that has evolved from performance art to sculpture, installations, parasitic architecture and freeway infrastructure. Goodwin's artwork is held in major collections including the Art Gallery of NSW, Sydney and regional galleries across Australia. He regularly consults on major infrastructure projects such as bridges and freeway walls.
Goodwin's core agenda is creating what he calls "porosity". He argues, "Security seeks to close a city down. Porosity seeks to open it up. Somewhere between the two a solution must be found within our capitalist system. If we can't find the balance, they'll close the cities and cities will die". In practicing this agenda, he tests the functional and aesthetic boundaries of public space through both art and architecture. He has opened up new dimensions in the planning of urban spaces and the way architecture interacts with its physical and cultural context.
In 1996, Goodwin established the Porosity Studio at COFA . The studio enquires into the way patterns of inhabiting and moving through the cities weaves a level of political richness into the fabric of architecture. Since 2004 the studios have been supported by a number of cooperations, such as the British Council. They have been run as intensive workshops internationally in cities such as Glasgow, Cardiff, Milan, Beijing and Rotterdam.
The Australian Research Council (ARC)'s prestigious Discovery Grant was awarded to Goodwin in 2002. The research project argued for 'Porosity' as a way of describing an urban experience which turns the building inside out and de-emphasises the obsession with facades. The outcome of the research opened up an entire new chapter in the way the fabric of the city is viewed by civic authorities. The ARC awarded Richard Goodwin again in 2009 with a Linkage Grant to develop the research further through sensors and gaming engine technologies in collaboration with Russell Lowe and the Emergency Information Coordination Unit (EICU) run under the NSW Department of Lands.
Goodwin is the author of Porosity: the Architecture of Invagination and has published many articles on issues of public space, and chapters in collected works. Moreover, a number of articles and books have been published on his work.

## Major prizes

* National Sculpture Award (1985)
* Street Story Award for Glebe Island Arterial (2001)
* Sculpture by the Sea Prize (2003)
* Helen Lempriere Award (2004)
* Blackett Award for Shellharbour Workers Club (2004)
* Commendation Urban Design award for RTA Prototype Toilets (2008)
* AIA Tasmania Chapter, Colorbond Award for Wing House (2009)
* Wynne Prize from the Art Gallery of NSW (2011)
# Ferdinando Piretti

Ferdinando Piretti (17th century – 18th century) was an Italian mathematician. He lived at the San Vitale monastery in Ravenna and later at the San Benedetto monastery in Ferrara.

## Works

* Piretti, Ferdinando (1725). Lumi aritmetici. Ferrara: Bernardino Pomatelli.
# Retailers Association of India

Retailers Association of India (RAI) is an Indian retail trade association. A not-for-profit organization, it represents the rights of Indian retailers. Its members include chain store retailers, independent retailers, e-commerce retailers and retail service providers across India. RAI is involved with retail advocacy, organizing conferences, knowledge-sharing initiatives and training programs.
As of 2021, the association represents 500,000 stores across the nation. It has requested the Government of Maharashtra to allow malls and shopping centres in Maharashtra to operate with the necessary precautions to save employment and improve the economy.

## Affiliations

RAI is a member of the Federation of International Retail Associations (FIRA), National Retail Federation, US, which enables knowledge sharing and transfer of international standards and best practice into the Indian retail sector.
RAI works with Trust for Retailers and Retail Associates of India (TRRAIN) to engage the industry and to celebrate Retail Employees Day on 12 December.
# Richard Gordon (broadcaster)

Richard Gordon (born 1960) is a Scottish radio and television presenter.
Gordon was born in Aberdeen and educated at Skene Square Primary, Aberdeen Grammar School and Aberdeen College of Commerce. He originally worked as a banker before beginning his first job in radio at Northsound Radio in 1987.
He was the host of BBC Radio Scotland's football programme Sportsound from 1992 until 2022, and hosted the Scottish Premier League highlights on Sportscene from 2008 to 2010. Gordon also occasionally presented MacAulay and Co on Radio Scotland when usual presenter Fred MacAulay was unavailable.
He is a supporter of Aberdeen F.C. and has regularly contributed to their matchday programme. He also writes for The Press and Journal.
In June 2022, Gordon was announced as the new head of communications for Cove Rangers.
# Fernhill School

Fernhill School may refer to:
* Fernhill School, Oakville, a secondary private school in Oakville, Ontario, Canada
* Fernhill School, Burlington, a secondary private school in Burlington, Ontario, Canada
* Fernhill School, Farnborough, a secondary school in Hampshire, England
* Fernhill School, Rutherglen, an independent school in South Lanarkshire, Scotland
# Richard J. Aldrich

Richard James Aldrich FRHistS (born 7 December 1961) is a British political scientist and a historian of espionage who has written intensively about intelligence and security communities.

## Life

Since September 2007, he has been a professor of International Security at the Department of Politics and International Studies, University of Warwick. He was a professor at the School of Politics and International Relations, University of Nottingham and was co-editor of the journal Intelligence and National Security for eight years. In 1990 Aldrich gained his PhD from Corpus Christi College, University of Cambridge.

## Works
### Monographs

* The Black Door Lib/E: Spies, Secret Intelligence, and British Prime Ministers (William the 4th, 2020)
* GCHQ: The Uncensored Story of Britain's Most Secret Intelligence Agency (HarperPress, 2010)
* Intelligence and the War against Japan: Britain, America and the Politics of Secret Service (Cambridge University Press, 2008)
* The Faraway War: Personal Diaries of the Second World War in Asia and the Pacific (Transworld Publishers Limited, 2006)
* Witness To War: Diaries Of The Second World War In Europe And The Middle East (Doubleday, 2004)
* The Hidden Hand: Britain, America, and Cold War Secret Intelligence (John Murray Press, 2001)
* Intelligence and the War Against Japan: Britain, America and the Politics of Secret Service (Cambridge University Press, 2000)
* Espionage, Security and Intelligence in Britain, 1945-1970 (Manchester University Press, 1998)
* The Key to the South: Britain, the United States, and Thailand During the Approach of the Pacific War, 1929-1942 (Oxford University Press, 1993)
* British Intelligence, Strategy and the Cold War, 1945-51(Taylor & Francis, 1992)

### Co-authored books

* The Secret Royals: Spying and the Crown, from Victoria to Diana (Atlantic Books, 2021) with Rory Cormac
* Secret Intelligence: A Reader (Routledge, 2019) with Christopher Andrew and Wesley K. Wark
* Spying on the World: The Declassified Documents of the Joint Intelligence Committee, 1936-2013 (Edinburgh University Press, 2014) with Rory Cormac and Michael S. Goodman
* The Clandestine Cold War in Asia, 1945-65: Western Intelligence, Propaganda and Special Operations (Taylor & Francis, 2000) with Ming-Yeh Rawnsley and Gary D. Rawnsley
* Intelligence, Defence and Diplomacy: British Policy in the Post-War World (Taylor & Francis, 1994) with Michael F. Hopkins
# Richard Ivey

Richard Ivey may refer to:
* Richard G. Ivey, businessman and philanthropist, namesake of the Ivey Business School
* Richard M. Ivey (1925–2019), his son, Canadian lawyer and philanthropist
# Ferrovie della Sardegna

The Ferrovie della Sardegna (Railways of Sardinia), known also as ARST Gestione FdS between 2008 and 2010 and with the abbreviation FdS, was an Italian public company that managed the regional railway network in the island of Sardinia, Italy. In 2010 it was totally integrated with the main regional public transport company, ARST (Azienda Regionale Sarda Trasporti).
It was the second railway operator in Sardinia, after Ferrovie dello Stato, having 203 kilometers of railways used for public transport, plus another four tourist lines, known as Trenino Verde, which run through the wildest parts of the island.
The company was founded in 1989. It is a narrow gauge railway system, using diesel locomotives and multiple units, electrified tram-trains in the metropolitan areas of Sassari and Cagliari and vintage diesel and steam locomotives on the tourist lines.
Today works are in progress to modernise several lines with the electrification of routes around the metropolitan areas of Sassari and Cagliari.

## Lines
### Public Transport Lines

* Line Macomer-Tirso-Nuoro
* Line Sassari-Sorso (work is in progress converting the line to a light rail transit)
* Line Sassari-Alghero (planned conversion to light rail transit)
* Line Monserrato-Isili
* Metro-tramway of Sassari
* Metro-tramway of Cagliari

### Tourist Lines (Trenino Verde)

* Line Macomer-Bosa
* Line Sassari-Nulvi-Tempio Pausania-Luras-Palau
* Line Mandas-Gairo-Arbatax
* Line Mandas-Isili-Sorgono

### Dismantled Lines

* Line Siliqua-San Giovanni Suergiu-Calasetta (Ferrovie Meridionali Sarde)
* Line Iglesias-Monteponi-San Giovanni Suergiu (Ferrovie Meridionali Sarde)
* Line Gairo-Jerzu
* Line Isili-Villamar-Villacidro
* Line Villamar-Ales
* Line Tirso-Ozieri
* Line Luras-Monti

## Gallery

* Tram AnsaldoBreda Sirio in Sassari
* Tram Škoda 06 T in Cagliari
* Multiple Unit ADe 91-98 (1990s)
* Railway station in Seui
* Locomotive LDe 603
* Isili-Sorgono railway in the last years of the 19th century
* Work in progress for the Meana Sardo tunnel (about 1888)
* Crossing train in Tempio station in 1984
* abandoned littorina train (1930s) along the dismantled line Ozieri-Tirso