OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ernst Albert Gäumann

Ernst Albert Gäumann (6 October 1893 – 5 December 1963) was a Swiss botanist and mycologist. Born in Lyss, Canton of Bern, he obtained his early education in Biel, where he experienced both German and French languages and cultures. Studying with Eduard Fischer at the University of Bern, Gäumann received his PhD in 1917 for his research on Peronospora, a genus of water molds. After travels and study in Sweden, the United States, and the East Indies, Gäumann worked as a plant pathologist in Buitenzorg, Java, from 1919 to 1922, and then as a botanist in Zurich for several years. He held a position at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology from 1927 until his death.
Gäumann had diverse research interests, including plant pathology, soil algae, rust fungi, and fungal evolution. When he was 33, he published his work Vergleichende Morphologie der Pilze, the English translation of which became a standard textbook for mycology. In 1946 Gaumann published PJlanzliche In Jektionslehre, the first modern book on plant pathology. Other works that were well-received included his 1952 The Fungi–A Description of their Morphological Features and Evolutionary Development and his 1959 monograph Die Rostpilze Mitteleuropas (Rust Fungi of Middle Europe). Gäumann published over 200 scientific papers, and described at least 25 new species. He worked as an editor for the scientific journals Plant and Soil, Sydowia, and Phytopathologische Zeitschrift.
# Lizandro River

The Lizandro (Portuguese pronunciation:) also known as Ribeira do Mourão, Ribeira de Anços, Ribeira dos Tostões, Ribeira de Cheleiros, is a river in the district of Lisbon, Portugal. The exact location of its source is unknown, due to a lack of studies. Its mouth is located in Carvoeira, Mafra, Portugal, on a beach named Foz do Lizandro, which has a Blue Flag beach certification. The river's basin has three protected areas: two limestone pavements (Campo de lapiás da Granja de Serrões and Campo de lapiás de Negrais) and the boulder of Lexim. The Cheleiros' valley, through which Lizandro passes through, has been immortalized in Memorial do Convento by José Saramago (the Convent mentioned in the title is the Convento de Mafra).

## River modifications

The Fort of Zambujal (of the Lines of Torres Vedras) was constructed during the Napoleonic Wars near the Lizandro's mouth, to provide support to the British fleet.
The following bridges cross over the Lizandro river:
* The Nossa Senhora do Ó bridge, of Roman construction.
* The old bridge of Cheleiras, of Roman or medieval construction.
* A bridge that is part of the National route EN247.
About 1.5 km from the coast, a sewage treatment facility was inaugurated in 2015. The facility was built with four tanks, but, as of 2017, it only uses a maximum of two (during Summer). The number was determined based on an expectation of significant population growth in Mafra and Ericeira. Practically all (99%) of the material removed from the water is turned into fertilizer and the remaining is combusted.
In 2018, an Ecological Park was built in Venda do Pinheiro, including a playground, a transport hub, a library, and an interpretation centre dedicated to the Lizandro River.

## Natural history

The following species of fish have been documented on the Lizandro river:
* Chondrostoma lusitanicum
* Leuciscus pyrenaicus
* Luciobarbus bocagei
* Cobitis marrocana
* Liza ramada
* Carassius auratus
* Cyprinus carpio
* Lepomis gibbosus
In 1993, fish (namely, hundreds of mullets) were found dead on the shore. An industrial origin seemed unlikely as the river has no nearby factories, but domestic sewage is discharged into the river.
In 2018, the beach Foz do Lizandro was temporarily interdicted due to elevated concentration of escherichia coli.

## Economy and recreation

The river's beach has been the stage (along with Ericeira) of "Surf Summits", a Web Summit pre-conference.
There is an annual raft competition (there have been four as of 2019) in the river, where people go down the river in their own rafts.

## Gallery

* Penedo de Lexim
* Cascata de Anços
* Beach at the Mouth of Lizandro
* Surf Summit participants doing standup paddleboarding.
* Cheleiros' old bridge
# List of people executed in Texas, 1860–1869

The following is a list of people executed by the U.S. state of Texas between 1860 and 1869. During this period a total of 20 people were executed: 16 by hanging and 4 by firing squad.

## Executions 1860–1869

1860 – 2 executions :
| # | Executed person | Race | Age | Sex | Date of execution | Crime(s) | Governor |
| 28 | William Hinton | White | – | M | 25-Mar-1860 | Murder | Sam Houston |
| 29 | Pitman | unknown | – | M | 1860 | Unknown | Sam Houston |
| Sam Houston ||||||||
| 30 | (Lount) | Black | – | M | 25-Jul-1862 | Robbery and Murder | Francis Lubbock |
| 31 | John Conn | White | – | M | 1862 | Treason | Francis Lubbock |
| 32 | Ira Burdick | White | – | M | 1862 | Treason | Francis Lubbock |
| 33 | Jim McKinn | White | – | M | 1862 | Treason | Francis Lubbock |
| 34 | Parson Maples | White | – | M | 1862 | Treason | Francis Lubbock |
| 35 | Ward | White | – | M | 1862 | Treason | Francis Lubbock |
| Francis Lubbock ||||||||
| 36 | Nicaragua Smith (by firing squad) | White | – | M | January 1863 | Desertion | Francis Lubbock |
| 37 | Chipita Rodriguez (by hanging) | Hispanic | – | F | 13-Nov-1863 | Robbery and Murder | Pendleton Murrah |
| 38 | Pess White (by firing squad) | Black | 30 | M | 1863 | Attempted Rape | Pendleton Murrah |
| Pendleton Murrah ||||||||
| 39 | E. Hempel (by hanging) | White | – | M | 30-Apr-1864 | Murder | Pendleton Murrah |
| 40 | E. P. Allen (by firing squad) | White | – | M | August 1864 | Desertion | Pendleton Murrah |
| 41 | (Name not known) (by firing squad) | White | – | M | 1864 | Desertion | Pendleton Murrah |
| Pendleton Murrah ||||||||
| 42 | Johnson | Black | – | M | 1867 | Murder | Elisha M. Pease |
| Elisha M. Pease ||||||||
| 43 | Joe Williams | Black | – | M | 18-Dec-1868 | Robbery and Murder | Elisha M. Pease |
| Elisha M. Pease ||||||||
| 44 | William Blackmore | White | – | M | 02-Apr-1869 | Robbery and Murder | Elisha M. Pease |
| 45 | John Thompson | White | – | M | 02-Apr-1869 | Robbery and Murder | Elisha M. Pease |
| 46 | Clark Jones | unknown | – | M | 13-Aug-1869 | Murder | Elisha M. Pease |
| 47 | Dennis Nelson | unknown | – | M | 13-Aug-1869 | Murder | Elisha M. Pease |
| Source: The Espy File: 1608–2002. ||||||||
| Preceded by List of people executed in Texas, 1850–1859 | Lists of people executed in Texas | Succeeded by List of people executed in Texas, 1870–1879 |
# The Scarlet Frontier

The Scarlet Frontier is a 1953 Australian novel by E. V. Timms. It was the sixth in his Great South Land Saga of novels.
It was set in Southern Queensland and concerns three sisters.

## Reception

The Argus said "The romance (some of It seamy), mystery, drama, suspense, is there. There are three sisters behaving in a most unsisteriy way and having a good-and honest tooth-and-nail fight over a couple of rugged early Australians. It is entertaining reading."
The Newcastle Herald said "The measure of one's liking for this book must'be how much one can come to care for the Leighton sisters and their associates. This reviewer, for instance, nourished a forlorn hope against all acluarial probability that success might crown the efforts of the aborigines who attempt to liquidate the homestead and all its occupants in the closing stage of the book."
The Canberra Times said "The story is a promising one, and its.telling"shows a pleasant prose coupled with a firm grasp of Australian society in the period covered."

## Radio Version

The novel was adapted for Australian radio in 1953. Episodes were read out by Lyndall Barbour.
# John Russell Scott

John Russell Scott (12 July 1879 – 5 April 1949) was a British publisher. He was the owner of the Manchester Guardian and the Manchester Evening News.

## Early life

Scott was born in Manchester, the third child of C. P. Scott and his wife Rachel Susan Cook.
Scott attended Rugby School and studied engineering at Trinity College, Cambridge and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

## Career

At the request of his father, Scott took over the post of managing director of the Guardian in 1905. After the death of his brother Edward Taylor Scott in 1932, he became the sole majority owner of the publishing company The Manchester Guardian and Evening News Ltd as chairman and Governing Director.

### Scott Trust

In 1936 he transferred control of the publisher and its periodicals to a newly created trust, the Scott Trust, so as to ensure the independence of the newspapers and their reporting. Scott was the first and only chairman of this first Scott Trust, which was dissolved in 1948, after a tax law was changed so that this type of trust was also subject to inheritance tax, and a new statute was created. In 2008 the trust was dissolved again and replaced with The Scott Trust Limited, which is the owner of the Guardian to the present.

## Personal life

In 1908 Scott married Olga Briggs, with whom he had two sons and two daughters. He lived in Wilmslow.
# Enterprise Lake

Enterprise Lake is a lake in Wisconsin, United States. It has a maximum depth of 27 feet (8.2 m). Part of its shoreline, and only island, belongs to Camp Mach-Kin-O-Siew. Enterprise Lake is a 509-acre lake located in Langlade County.
# Heliodora, Minas Gerais

Heliodora is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais in the Southeast region of Brazil. As of 2020, the estimated population was 6,591.
# Soundwave

Soundwave or Sound Wave may refer to:
* Sound, a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave
* Acoustic wave, the wave which carries sound

## Festivals

* Soundwave (Australian music festival), an annual music festival 2007–2016
* Soundwave Festival (San Francisco), a biennial sound, art and music festival in the US

## Music

* Sound Wave (album), by Stanley Huang, 2003
* Sound Wave, a 2013 album by Makua Rothman
* "Sound Wave", a song by Yusef Lateef from the 1966 album A Flat, G Flat and C

## Other

* Soundwave (Transformers), a fictional character
* Soundwave (mobile application)
* The Wave 96.4 FM, formerly 96.4 Sound Wave, a Welsh radio station
* Sound Wave, a marching band formed by Seattle Sounders FC supporters
# Scali bread

Scali Bread is an Italian-American style of bread made predominantly in the Boston, Massachusetts area. It is a braided loaf that is covered in sesame seeds. It was originally made by the Scali family of Boston, and is now a regional specialty.
Available at many bakeries in the Boston area, a Scali can be purchased intact or quickly sliced on an industrial bread slicer. One bakery that has been making the traditional form for decades is the Winter Hill Bakery, a popular Somerville source of this loaf for decades.
# Ernst Østrup

Ernst Vilhelm Østrup (21 September 1845, in Roskilde – 16 April 1917, in Frederiksberg) was a Danish botanist and phycologist, mainly working on diatoms.
In 1873 he received his cand. polyt. degree, and later worked as a schoolteacher in Copenhagen. His diatom research largely dealt with species found in Denmark, Greenland, Iceland, Faeroe Islands and Jan Mayen.
The diatom genus Oestrupia (Heiden) and the species Diploneis oestrupii (Hust.), Surirella oestrupii (Gran) and Navicula oestrupii (Cleve) are all named in his honour.

## Selected scientific works

* Ferskvands-Diatoméer fra Øst-Grønland. Meddelelser om Grønland 15: 251–290. 1898.
* Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Diatomeenflora des Kossogolbeckens in der nordwestlichen Mongolei. Hedwigia 48 (1-2): 74–100. 1909.
* Danske Diatoméer. C.A. Reitzel, København. 323 pp. (1910)
* Diatoms from North-east Greenland (N of 76 N.Lat.) collected by the Denmark Expedition. Meddelelser om Grønland 43 (10): 193–256. 1910.
* Diatomaceæ ex insulis Danicis Indiæ Occidentalis imprimis a F. Børgesen lectæ. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv vol. 1 (1): 1-29. (1913)
* Marine diatoms from the coasts of Iceland Archived 2008-03-07 at the Wayback Machine. The Botany of Iceland, edited by L. Kolderup Rosenvinge & E. Warming, J. Frimodt, Copenhagen, and John Wheldon and Co., London; Vol. 1, Part 2, pp. 345–394. 1916.
* Fresh-water diatoms from Iceland. The Botany of Iceland, edited by L. Kolderup Rosenvinge & E. Warming, J. Frimodt, Copenhagen, and John Wheldon and Co., London; Vol. 2, Part 1, pp. 1–100. 1918.
# Peritornenta minans

Peritornenta minans is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1921. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.
The wingspan is about 21 mm. The forewings are pale pinkish ochreous, with a violet gloss and three series of small dark fuscous dots on the veins posteriorly. The hindwings are pale ochreous, faintly pinkish tinged.
# List of number-one urban albums of 2021 (Australia)

This is a list of albums that reached number-one on the ARIA Urban Albums Chart in 2021. The ARIA Urban Albums Chart is a weekly chart that ranks the best-performing urban albums in Australia. It is published by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), an organisation that collects music data for the weekly ARIA Charts. To be eligible to appear on the chart, the recording must be an album of a predominantly urban nature.

## Chart history

| Issue date | Album | Artist(s) |
| 4 January | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 11 January | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 18 January | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 25 January | The Space Between | Illy |
| 1 February | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 8 February | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 15 February | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 22 February | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 1 March | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 8 March | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 15 March | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 22 March | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 29 March | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 5 April | Clouds (The Mixtape) | NF |
| 12 April | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 19 April | Roadrunner: New Light, New Machine | Brockhampton |
| 26 April | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 3 May | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 10 May | Khaled Khaled | DJ Khaled |
| 17 May | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 24 May | The Off-Season | J. Cole |
| 31 May | The Off-Season | J. Cole |
| 7 June | The Off-Season | J. Cole |
| 14 June | F*ck Love | The Kid Laroi |
| 21 June | Hall of Fame | Polo G |
| 28 June | Hall of Fame | Polo G |
| 5 July | Call Me If You Get Lost | Tyler, the Creator |
| 12 July | Planet Her | Doja Cat |
| 19 July | Planet Her | Doja Cat |
| 26 July | Faith | Pop Smoke |
| 2 August | F*ck Love (Over You) | The Kid Laroi |
| 9 August | F*ck Love (Over You) | The Kid Laroi |
| 16 August | Planet Her | Doja Cat |
| 23 August | Planet Her | Doja Cat |
| 30 August | Planet Her | Doja Cat |
| 6 September | Donda | Kanye West |
| 13 September | Certified Lover Boy | Drake |
| 20 September | Certified Lover Boy | Drake |
| 27 September | Montero | Lil Nas X |
| 4 October | Certified Lover Boy | Drake |
| 11 October | Certified Lover Boy | Drake |
| 18 October | Certified Lover Boy | Drake |
| 25 October | Gela | Baker Boy |
| 1 November | Planet Her | Doja Cat |
| 8 November | Planet Her | Doja Cat |
| 15 November | Planet Her | Doja Cat |
| 22 November | An Evening with Silk Sonic | Silk Sonic |
| 29 November | Planet Her | Doja Cat |
| 6 December | Family Ties | Chillinit |
| 13 December | Planet Her | Doja Cat |
| 20 December | Fighting Demons | Juice Wrld |
| 27 December | Planet Her | Doja Cat |
# The Stones (band)

The Stones were a New Zealand band from Dunedin named after the Rolling Stones. One of the earliest bands to record on the Flying Nun label, they helped form the style of music known as the Dunedin sound, along with label mates such as the Chills, the Verlaines and Sneaky Feelings, all of whom appeared alongside the Stones on the seminal Flying Nun release the Dunedin Double EP.
The band was a three-piece with Jeff Batts (bass, vocals), Wayne Elsey (vocals, guitar), Graeme Anderson (drums).
Whereas the other three bands to appear on this record went on to increased fame both in New Zealand and overseas, the Stones split up not long after its release, although all members of the band went on to success in other local bands. Most important of these was Wayne Elsey's time in the DoubleHappys, a band which itself led to the formation of Straitjacket Fits.

## Discography

| Date of Release | Title | Label | Charted | Certification | Catalog Number |
| EPs ||||||
| 1982 | Dunedin Double | Flying Nun Records | - | - | DUN 1 |
| 1983 | Another Disc, Another Dollar | Flying Nun Records | 33 | - | BUCK 001 |
# Kruszewiec

Kruszewiec may refer to the following places:
* Kruszewiec, Opoczno County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Kruszewiec, Tomaszów Mazowiecki County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Kruszewiec, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
# Enterprise Library

Enterprise Library can be one of the following:
* Microsoft Enterprise Library, a collection of .NET API's for enterprise programming.
* Enterprise Library (Las Vegas) a library that is a part of the Las Vegas-Clark County Library District.
* Enterprise Public Library (Mississippi), Enterprise, Mississippi.
* Enterprise Public Library (Oregon), Enterprise, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Wallowa County, Oregon
# Stefano Madia

Stefano Madia (31 December 1954 – 16 December 2004) was an Italian film actor. He appeared in twelve films between 1978 and 1993. At the 1979 Cannes Film Festival he won the award for Best Supporting Actor, for Vittorio Gassman's film Dear Father.
He is the father of Italian minister Marianna Madia.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1979 | Ernesto | Ernesto's friend Andrea | |
| 1979 | Dear Father | Marco Millozza | |
| 1979 | Life Is Beautiful | Pako | |
| 1980 | Savage Breed | Umberto Saraceni | |
| 1982 | Vigili e vigilesse | Nieddu Gavino | |
| 1986 | The Devil's Honey | Johnny | |
| 1986 | Camping del Terrore | Tony | |
| 1990 | The Palermo Connection | | |
| 1991 | Reflections in a Dark Sky | Friend of Chim | |
| 1993 | Oltre la notte | | Uncredited, (final film role) |
# Scalibregmatidae

Scalibregmatidae is a family of polychaetes belonging to the order Opheliida, and was first described by Anders Johan Malmgren in 1867.

## Genera

Accepted genera:
* Asclerocheilus Ashworth, 1901
* Axiokebuita Pocklington & Fournier, 1987
* Hyboscolex Schmarda, 1861
* Lipobranchius Cunningham & Ramage, 1888
* Mucibregma Fauchald & Hancock, 1981
* Oligobregma Kudenov & Blake, 1978
* Parasclerocheilus Fauvel, 1928
* Polyphysia Quatrefages, 1866
* Proscalibregma Hartman, 1967
* Pseudoscalibregma Ashworth, 1901
* Scalibregma Rathke, 1843
* Scalibregmella Hartman & Fauchald, 1971
* Scalibregmides Hartmann-Schröder, 1965
* Sclerobregma Rathke, 1843
* Sclerocheilus Grube, 1863
* Speleobregma Bertelsen, 1986
# Directorio

Directorio is Spanish for Directorate and could refer to:
* Cuban Democratic Directorate, a nongovernmental organization that supports the human rights movement in Cuba.
* Directorio, early 19th century government of Argentina.
# Jack Riley

Jack Riley may refer to:
* Jack Riley (actor) (1935–2016), American comedic character actor
* Jack Riley (American football) (1909–1993), American football offensive tackle
* Jack Riley (ice hockey, born 1910) (1910–1993), former National Hockey League player
* Jack Riley (ice hockey, born 1919) (1919–2016), former National Hockey League executive
* John P. Riley Jr. (1920–2016), known as Jack Riley, U.S. Military Academy ice hockey coach
* Jack Riley (cricketer) (1927–2008), English cricketer
* Jack Riley (rugby league), English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1900s
* Jack Riley (baseball), American baseball player
# Kuhal

Kuhal is a village in the north eastern region of Rampur Bushahr, Shimla district, Himachal Pradesh, India.
About 50 Km from Rampur Bushahar. Shraikoti Temple is situated on top of it . It is a gram Panchayat (GP) and the people of the village are very hardworking. Apple is main cash crop here. The village is well connected to roads.T here is a old temple of MAA Durga situated in the middle of village. Wild life Dharanghati is situated near the village where you can see black bears, snow leopard, monal and some other species.
* This Himachal Pradesh location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Quatarrius Wilson

Quatarrius Deaundrey Wilson (born June 26, 1996) is an American basketball player who plays for Köping Stars in the Swedish Basketball League. Standing at 204 cm (6 ft 8+1⁄2 in), he plays as power forward.

## College career

Wilson played collegiate with Moberly, McNeese State and Southeast Missouri State.

## Professional career

On June 26, 2021, Wilson signed in the Netherlands with BAL of the Dutch Basketball League (DBL). He helped the team qualify for the playoffs for the first time while leading the league in rebounding. On 2 May 2021, BAL surprisingly won the DBL Cup with BAL after defeating Yoast United in the final. Wilson recorded 14 points, 15 rebounds and 5 assists in the won championship game.
In the following season, the 2021–22 season, Wilson played for Panthers Schwenningen of the German ProA.
On June 16, 2022, Wilson signed with the Swedish club Köping Stars of the Swedish Basketball League for the upcoming season.
# Helmut Gneuss

Helmut Gneuss (29 October 1927 – 26 February 2023) was a German scholar of Anglo-Saxon and Latin manuscripts and literature.

## Academic career

Gneuss was emeritus professor at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, where he occupied the chair for English language from 1965 to 1997. He served as Visiting Professor of Anglo-Saxon at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 1974-75. He lived in Eichenau. He was a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities, the Academia Europaea, the British Academy, the Austrian Academy of Sciences, and the Medieval Academy of America.

## Publications

Gneuss's 1976 article on the Anglo-Saxon poem The Battle of Maldon is regarded as "a turning point" in the history of Maldon scholarship. Specifically, his extensive lexicographical study of the important word ofermod "proved beyond doubt" that it means "pride", settling an important question in the interpretation of the poem; in the words of Fred C. Robinson, "the poet's use of ofermod signals a criticism of Byrhtnoth's generalship."
His 1981 publication A preliminary list of manuscripts written or owned in England up to 1100 was described as the next milestone in Anglo-Saxon manuscript studies after Neil Ripley Ker's 1957 book Catalogue of manuscripts containing Anglo-Saxon. The "preliminary" list ("an indispensable tool and essential starting point for anyone interested in Anglo-Saxon literary culture") was followed in 2001 by an expanded and redefined book, Handlist of Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts: A List of Manuscripts and Manuscript Fragments Written or Owned in England up to 1100. The "impact and significance" of his Handlist was the subject of a 2008 Festschrift edited by Thomas N. Hall and Donald Scragg.
# Scali

Scali may refer to:
* Scali bread, an Italian style of bread made predominantly in the area of Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
* Scali family, one of the three leading Florentine banking families in the Middle Ages
# Ermenegildo Zegna

Ermenegildo Zegna may refer to:
* Ermenegildo Zegna (businessman), Italian entrepreneur and manager
* Ermenegildo Zegna Group, Italian luxury fashion house