OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Henry George Stebbins Noble

Henry George Stebbins Noble (March 9, 1859 – February 6, 1946) was president of the New York Stock Exchange from 1914 to 1919.

## Early life

Henry George Stebbins Noble was born in New York City, New York on March 9, 1859, and named after his maternal grandfather. He was a son of Timothy Fitzgerald Noble (b. 1827) and Fanny Juliet Stebbins (1834–1907).
His maternal grandfather was Henry George Stebbins, a U.S. Representative from New York who also served as president of the New York Stock Exchange from 1851 to 1852, 1858–1859 and 1863–1864. His cousin, Rowland Stebbins, was a stockbroker and stage producer who won a Pulitzer Prize for The Green Pastures.
Noble graduated from City College in 1880, where he was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon.

## Career

In 1880 after his graduation from college, he joined Henry G. Stebbins & Son, which was founded by his grandfather in 1847. From 1885 to 1888, he was member of Noble, Mestre & Doubleday. He later became a partner in Noble, Mestre & Doremus and Noble & Mestre. In 1902, he joined De Coppet & Doremus and remained a full partner until 1927 when he became a special partner.
Beginning in 1882 when he bought his seat from his grandfather, he was a member of the New York Stock Exchange for fifty-six years until 1938. He served five consecutive terms as president of the New York Stock Exchange from May 1914 to May 1919. Upon his retirement in 1938, his seat went to his grandson, Henry Stebbins Noble, a partner in De Coppet & Doremus.

## Personal life

On October 10, 1882, Noble was married to Clemencia Mestre (1864–1947), who was born in Havana, Cuba. Clemencia was a daughter of Jose Manuel Mestre and Paulina (née Alfonza) Mestre. Together, they were listed on the Social Register and were the parents of:
* Floyd Clark Noble (1884–1980), who married Dorothy Thayer (1889–1946), a daughter of Harry Bates Thayer, president and chairman of AT&T. After her death, he married his wife's younger sister, Ruth Thayer, a widow of Webb William Weeks.
* Gwendolyn Noble (1889–1986), who married John Burke Shethar, a son of Edwin Hall Shethar.
He died on February 6, 1946, at 521 Park Avenue, his home in Manhattan.
# Gilbert Gardner

Gilbert Ravelle Gardner, II (born May 9, 1982) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Indianapolis Colts in the third round of the 2004 NFL draft. He played college football at Purdue.
Gardner earned a Super Bowl ring with the Colts in Super Bowl XLI over the Chicago Bears. He also played for the Tennessee Titans, the Detroit Lions and the Bears.

## Early life

Gardner attended Angleton High School in Angleton, Texas and was a letterman in football, baseball, and track. In football, he was a three-time All-District selection and a three-time All-County selection. Gilbert Gardner graduated from Angleton High School in 2000. He and his wife, Emily, have a son named Gilbert Ravelle Gardner III. Gilbert has returned to his roots and is a coach at his hometown Angleton High School.

## College career

At Purdue University, he started 31 of 46 games, recording 215 tackles with 3.5 sacks, 23 stops for losses, seven fumble recoveries, three forced fumbles, 11 pass deflections and three interceptions.

## Professional career
### Indianapolis Colts

Gardner was selected by the Colts in the 3rd round (69th overall) of the 2004 NFL draft. He played for the Indianapolis Colts as a backup during the 2004 and 2005 seasons, eventually rising to starting LB by 2006. His 2006 season is remembered negatively by fans, as he was a key cog of the worst run defense in the league, until he was benched late in the season in favor of veteran LB Rob Morris. Gardner was released from the Indianapolis Colts on May 8, 2007.

### Tennessee Titans

He was claimed off waivers by the Titans on May 9, 2007, and played one season with the team before becoming a free agent in 2008.

### Detroit Lions

Gardner was signed by the Detroit Lions on March 25, 2008. During the first seven weeks of the season, Gardner appeared in two games for the Lions in a reserve role and recorded no tackles. He was placed on injured reserve on October 25 after the team signed linebacker Anthony Cannon. Gardner was released on November 5.

### Chicago Bears

Gardner was signed by the Chicago Bears on December 12, 2008, after running back Garrett Wolfe was placed on injured reserve. He was released the following offseason on February 13, 2009.
# Gilbert Gee

Gilbert C. Gee is a professor in the Department of Community Health Sciences in the Fielding School of Public Health at the University of California, Los Angeles. He is known for researching the effects of racial discrimination on mental and physical health. He was appointed editor-in-chief of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior in 2013. Gee and his colleague Chandra Ford were awarded the 2019 Paul Cornely Award for their work on how health is affected by racism.
# Gilboa, West Virginia

Gilboa is an unincorporated community in Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. Gilboa is located on West Virginia Route 39, 5 miles (8.0 km) west-northwest of Summersville. Gilboa has a post office with ZIP code 26671.
The community derives its name, directly or indirectly, from Mount Gilboa in Israel.
# Gimel (disambiguation)

Gimel may refer to:
* Gimel, Switzerland, a municipality in the canton of Vaud
* Gimel-les-Cascades, France
* Gimel, the third letter of the Semitic abjads
* Yom Gimel, or simply Gimel, a day of sick leave in the Israel Defense Forces
* Plan Gimel (Plan C), a general military plan worked out by the Zionist paramilitary organization Haganah in 1946, before Plan Dalet
* Gymel, the technique of temporarily dividing up one voice part, usually an upper one, into two parts of equal range, but singing different music
* Gimel, The High Priestess who is one of the 22 trump cards (Major Arcana) in tarot
* Gimel function, a function in set theory
* Gimell Records, Tallis Scholars' recording label
# Giles W. Farris

Giles W. Farris was an American politician who was the only elected Oklahoma State Printer from January 1911 until his impeachment from office in February 1913. After his tenure, the office of State Printer was abolished by the Oklahoma Legislature, with the office officially ceasing to exist June 15, 1913.

## Early life

Giles W. Farris was born in Greene County, Missouri in 1874. At 11, he entered the newspaper industry. Around 1902, he moved to Oklahoma Territory and worked for the Magnum Star, which he took over in 1904.

## State Printer

He was elected Oklahoma State Printer in 1910. On December 27, 1912, Farris was arrest on the order of Attorney General Charles West and Oklahoma Examiner and Inspector Fred Parkinson for forging a name to receive $500 in state funds. The charge was dismissed later the next month, and West forward the indictment to the Oklahoma House of Representatives recommending impeachment. On January 27, 1913, the Oklahoma House voted to impeach Farris 89:1 and State Auditor Leo Meyer 84:6. The Oklahoma Senate voted to remove him from office on February 26, in the state's first impeachment trial. The Oklahoma Legislature subsequently passed a bill to abolish the state printer's office, but not until June 15; W. M. Erwin was appointed to serve in the position until its abolition.

## Later life and death

State Auditor A. S. J. Shaw appointed Farris to the Oklahoma State Board of Equalization January 15, 1947. He died on April 9, 1947, in Oklahoma City.

## Electoral history

1910 Oklahoma State Printer Democratic primary (August 2, 1910) :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Giles W. Farris | 39,324 | 41.6% |
| | Democratic | D. C. Lester | 33,704 | 35.7% |
| | Democratic | J. T. Highley | 21,316 | 22.5% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 94,344 | |
1910 Oklahoma State Printer election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| Democratic | Giles W. Farris | 117,239 | 50.0% |
| Republican | Samuel L. Bartholomew | 93,215 | 39.8% |
| Socialist | Jacob J. Truinett | 23,717 | 10.1% |
| Democratic gain from | Democratic gain from | Democratic gain from | Democratic gain from |
# Ghul, Oman

Ghul or Wadi Ghul is an abandoned village, located to the northwest of Al Hamra in Oman. The area is referred to as the "Omani Grand Canyon" or "The Grand Canyon of Arabia". It is near Jebel Shams, the highest mountain peak in Oman.
# Ginsiella

Ginsiella is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.
# Giovanni Azzone

Giovanni Azzone (born in Milan, on 24 November 1962) is an Italian engineer and academic, rector of the Polytechnic University of Milan between 2010 and 2016.
In 1986 Azzone graduated in industrial engineering from the Polytechnic University of Milan.
On 25 May 2016 he became a member of the board of directors of Poste italiane, the Italian postal service provider.

## Principal publications

* Azzone, G., 1994, Innovare il sistema di controllo di gestione, Etaslibri, Milano.
* Azzone, G., Bertelè, U., Noci, G., 1997, L'ambiente come vantaggio competitivo: un'opportunità per le imprese, Etaslibri, Milano.
* Azzone, G., Bertelè, U., 1998, Valutare l'innovazione, Etaslibri, Milano.
* Azzone, G., 2000, La gestione ambientale degli aeroporti, IPA, Milano.
* Azzone, G., Bertelè, U., 2002, L'impresa – sistemi di governo, valutazione e controllo, Etaslibri, Milano
* Azzone, G., 2006, Sistemi di controllo di gestione, Etaslibri, Milano.
* Azzone, G., 2007, Il controllo di gestione nelle amministrazioni pubbliche, Etaslibri, Milano.
* Azzone, G., Campedelli, B., Varasio, E., 2011, Il sistema di programmazione e controllo negli atenei, Il Mulino, Bologna.
# Gigasjapyx

Gigasjapyx is a genus of diplurans in the family Japygidae.

## Species

* Gigasjapyx termitophilous Chou, 1984
# Gingival disease

Gingival disease is a term used to group the diseases that affect the gingiva(gums). The most common gingival disease is gingivitis, the earliest stage of gingival-related diseases. Gingival disease encompasses all the conditions that surround the gums, this includes plaque-induced gingivitis, non-dental biofilm plaque-induced gingivitis, and periodontal diseases.

## Types

Gingival health that is not well cared for is usually connected with inflammation of the gums. This leads to gingivitis which is linked to two categories:
* Dental plaque biofilm-induced gingivitis
* Non-dental-plaque-induced gingival disease
Dental plaque biofilm-induced gingivitis is often referred to as "localized inflammation initiated by microbial biofilm accumulation on teeth,".$^{[2]}$Non-dental-plaque-induced gingival diseases are the most uncommon bacterial infection of the gingiva. Here is each category classification based on the Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions in 2017:
Gingival Classifications
* Dental plaque biofilm-induced
** Associated with dental biofilm alone
** Mediated by systemic or local risk factors
** Drug-influenced gingival enlargement
* Non-dental-plaque-induced
** Genetic/ developmental disorders
** Specific infections
** Inflammatory and immune conditions
** Reactive processes
** Neoplasms
** Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases
** Traumatic lesions
** Gingival pigmentation
As gingivitis progresses further and is not treated, it may progress into periodontitis. Periodontal disease is when the gums surrounding the teeth become swollen causing surrounding plaque to build up. If left untreated can cause the teeth to become loose due to weak gums. Periodontal disease can compromise factors such as:
* Gingiva
* Periodontal ligament
* Dental cement
* Alveolar bone

## Causes

Dental plaque accumulates at the surfaces when proper cleaning and maintaining is not done. There is inflammation due to the bacteria released from the toxins. calculus forms and if not removed, causes this disease. In most cases, the cause of gingival diseases such as gingivitis are due to poor oral hygiene. This is the most common of causes for gingival diseases. though other factors included are:
* Smoking
* Diabetes
* Female hormonal change
* Cancer treatment
* Epilepsy drugs

## Treatment/Preventatives

When left untreated too long, treatment must come from professional dental care. Though gingival diseases can be easily prevented with good daily oral maintenance. The ADA recommends five preventatives that are essential to supporting healthy oral health:
* Brush teeth twice daily with an ADA-recommended fluoride toothpaste for 2 minutes
* Replace toothbrush every 3–4 months
* Floss at least once every day
* Maintain a healthy diet; less sugar intake
* Pursue dental care twice annually
Speaking to a pharmacist helps remind or mention problems seen in oral care. ADA encourages those who seek help should reach out to local pharmacies as they can prompt patients to detect signs of gingival diseases, and provide oral care products/oral health routines
# Girtanner

Girtanner is a surname of Swiss origin. Notable people with the surname include:
* Christopher Girtanner (1760–1800), Swiss scientist
* Georg Albert Girtanner (1839–1907), Swiss physician and naturalist
# Ginnel

A ginnel is a word in various Scottish and northern English dialects describing a fenced or walled alley between residential buildings that provides a pedestrian shortcut to nearby streets. Ginnels are typically found in suburban areas, and do not contain any business premises, unlike some other types of alley. Other related terms include snicket, tenfoot and snickelway.
Suburban streets in Sydney, Australia similarly feature "cut-throughs", which are fenced or walled passages found between residential lots that grant pedestrians easy access to nearby facilities situated on other roads. They may feature a nature strip and are generally secured by bollards to prevent vehicle access.

## Origins

The earliest recorded use of the word was in 1613.
In 1744, pharmacist Arthur Jessop wrote a subpoena that mentioned Joseph Eastwood's wife in the "Ginnil" in the Low at Holmfirth in the West Riding of Yorkshire. A subdivision of the Taylor family was said to be of Ginnel in Meltham in 1774. In most works, there is no broad distinction drawn between ginnel and snicket, and the two have been used interchangeably.
Both are described as north-country words for a narrow entrance between houses. However, in the Holme Valley, it has been said that a ginnel goes uphill and has setts whereas a snicket does not, and is surrounded by vegetation. "Ginnel" is a dialect word from Yorkshire, UK, which appeared in dialect dictionaries in the 19th century.

### Etymology

The Oxford English Dictionary states that its etymology is vague, though it compares the word to 'channel' (including being a corruption of it), and says it is 'a long, narrow passage between houses, either roofed or unroofed'. In The English Dialect Dictionary it is differentiated with 'entry', and is said to feature a roof, unlike a ginnel. Furthermore, editors of some Yorkshire glossaries asserted a connection between ginnel and a Scandinavian word for 'mouth', on the analogy of an opening.
According to Collins English Dictionary, a snicket is 'a passageway between walls or fences', and a ginnel is 'a narrow passageway between or through buildings'.

## Gallery

* A "cut-through" in Western Sydney, Australia.
* A narrow, bricked ginnel in Leeds
* A ginnel surrounded by English Ivy
* In Brotton
# Heptapleurum alpinum

Heptapleurum alpinum is a flowering plant in the family Araliaceae. It a shrub or tree endemic to Vietnam.
# Girua River

The Girua River is a river located in the Oro Province of Papua New Guinea.
Alluvial gold was discovered in the river late in the 19th century. By 1898, about 150 miners were working on the Gira and Mambare rivers.
# Herb Eschbach

Harold Heins "Herb" Eschbach (April 26, 1907 – February 2, 1970) was an American football player.
Eschbach was born in 1907 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. He attended the Franklin & Marshall Academy in Lancaster and later enrolled at Pennsylvania State University. He played college football as a center for Penn State from 1926 to 1929. He also studied electrical engineering and threw the discus for the track team at Penn State.
He played professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as a center for the Providence Steam Roller during the 1930 and 1931 seasons. He appeared in 11 NFL games. He worked as an engineer in New York while playing for the Steam Roller.
Eschbach moved in 1940 to Williamsport, Pennsylvania. He worked for the Bethlehem Steel. He was married to Helen J. Fisher. He died in 1970 at age 62 at Divine Providence Hospital in Williamsport.
# Giovanni Visconti

Giovanni Visconti may refer to:
* John of Gallura (died 1275), or Giovanni Visconti, Judge of Gallura, Sardinian ruler
* Giovanni Visconti (bishop), Roman Catholic prelate and alleged cardinal-bishop of Sabina
* Giovanni Visconti (Archbishop of Milan) (1290–1354), Milanese archbishop
* Giovanni Visconti (cyclist) (born 1983), Italian professional road racing cyclist
* Giovanni Battista Visconti (1722–1784), Italian archaeologist and museum curator
# Hermano Pedro's Way

The Hermano Pedro's Way (also known as the Ruta del Hermano Pedro or the Ruta del Camino del Hermano Pedro) is an ancient pilgrimage route, linked to the figure of Saint Peter of Saint Joseph de Betancur (better known as Santo Hermano Pedro), who is the first Saint of the Canary Islands. It runs approximately 19 kilometers between the municipalities of Vilaflor, San Miguel de Abona and Granadilla de Abona, in the southeast of the island of Tenerife (Spain).

## History

The Hermano Pedro's Way is, in its origin, a transhumance route used by the Guanche aborigines to direct their livestock from coast to summit, depending on the season of the year. After the conquest of the island in the 15th century, it continued to be framed by a set of traditional paths, appearing on historical maps of the 18th and 19th centuries. This route was also used in the 17th century by Saint Peter of Betancur during his childhood and adolescence, when he worked as a goat shepherd, before carrying out his missionary and apostolic work in Guatemala.

## The route

In 2005, following the canonization of the saint three years earlier, a study began with the purpose of recovering, revaluing and institutionalizing the path of Hermano Pedro and its adjacent paths. In addition to highlighting it as a symbol of union of the municipalities of the Abona or Chasna region (Fasnia, Arico, Granadilla de Abona, San Miguel de Abona and Vilaflor).
The official pilgrimage takes place annually on the Saturday closest to April 24 (the saint's holiday).
First, a Eucharist takes place at 6:00 in the morning in the main parish of Saint Peter the Apostle in the town of Vilaflor, the saint's hometown. At 7:00 the downhill or descent route begins, crossing part of the municipality of San Miguel de Abona until reaching the popularly known as cave of Santo Hermano Pedro in the municipality of Granadilla de Abona. This place was used by Hermano Pedro as a shelter or refuge with his flock in winter, as a place of prayer and even as a hiding place to protect himself from pirate raids.
The trail route lasts approximately five hours. The route is dotted with important samples of natural and cultural heritage; fauna of great interest that can be observed along the route; and other elements. In addition to important architectural elements and Bien de Interés Cultural (BIC).
Arrival at the cave is estimated at 1:00 p.m., where another Eucharist and the veneration of a relic of the saint takes place.
In addition to the promoters and organizers of the route: the municipalities of Vilaflor and Granadilla, other entities and volunteers from the religious space of the cave of Santo Hermano Pedro collaborate. In 2012 this route was promoted in the Network of Religious Routes in Europe with the aim of joining it.
# Giulietti (surname)

Giulietti is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ana Maria Giulietti (born 1945), Brazilian biochemist, botanist, and educator
* Giuseppe Giulietti (trade unionist) (1879–1953), Italian sailor who became a leading trade union activist
* Giuseppe Giulietti (politician) (born 1953), Italian journalist, trade unionist and politician
* Giuseppe Maria Giulietti (1847–1881), Italian soldier, geographer and explorer
* Logan Giulietti-Schmitt (born 1985), American former competitive ice dancer
# Giulietta e Romeo (Vaccai)

Giulietta e Romeo (Juliet and Romeo) is an opera in two acts by the Italian composer Nicola Vaccai. The libretto, by Felice Romani, is based on the tragedy of the same name by Luigi Scevola and, ultimately, on the 1530 novella of the same name by Luigi Da Porto. It was first performed at the Teatro alla Canobbiana, Milan, on 31 October 1825. It was Vaccai's last major success, although he wrote another nine operas, and is rarely performed in its full version today.
The opera was also first performed in Barcelona on 26 May 1827, Paris on 11 September 1827, Lisbon in the autumn of 1828, London on 10 April 1832, and Mexico in July 1841. It was first performed in Graz (in a German translation by I. C. Kollmann) on 12 October 1833 and Budapest (also in Kollmann's translation) on 31 July 1845.
On 27 October 1832, during a performance of Bellini's I Capuleti e i Montecchi in Bologna, the next to last scene of Vaccai's opera was substituted for the last act of the Bellini opera. This was done at the request of the Romeo, Maria Malibran, and became frequent practice during the remainder of the 19th century. It was almost always done this way in Italy, and in this guise this portion of Vaccai's opera continued to be performed up to as late as 8 September 1897, when it was presented in this manner in Hamburg.

## Roles

Roles, voice types, premiere cast :
| Role | Voice type | Premiere cast, 31 October 1825 |
| Giulietta | soprano | Joséphine de Méric |
| Romeo | contralto (en travesti) | Isabella Fabbrica |
| Capellio | tenor | Giovanni Battista Verger |
| Adele | soprano | Adele Cesari |
| Tebaldo | bass | Raffaele Benedetti |
| Frate Lorenzo | bass | Luigi Biondini |
# Giovanni Battista Fiammeri

Giovanni Battista Fiammeri (c. 1530 – 1606) was an Italian painter and Jesuit priest, active in Florence.
He oversaw part of the decoration of the Church of the Gesù in Rome.
# HeroQuest: Kellar's Keep

Kellar's Keep is an anthology of sequentially linked scenarios jointly published by Milton Bradley and Games Workshop in 1991 for the fantasy adventure board game HeroQuest .

## Description

In HeroQuest: Kellar's Keep, the players undergo a series of ten scenarios in which they enter a secret passage into Kellar's Keep in an attempt to rescue the Emperor and his army.
The game box includes 17 miniatures of monsters, and cardboard tiles representing traps, furniture and other landmarks.

## Publication history

Game designer Steve Baker developed an adventure board game after moving from Games Workshop to Milton Bradley. The result was HeroQuest, jointly published by both companies in 1989. The companies published a series of continuing adventures designed by Baker, including 1991's Kellar's Keep.
On Dec 21, 2021, the first "online quest" was released called "Forsaken Tunnels of Xor-Xel". This is designed to story the journey between the original quest book and Kellar's Keep.

## Reception

In Issue 168 of Dragon (April 1991), Ken Rolston thought this was a good buy for younger players, saying, "If the young folks exhaust the scenarios in the original game, get these to keep them playing."
The Dutch review site Boardspel Mania gave the game an above average strategy rating of 8 out of 10, but also noted that it relied heavily on luck due to dice rolls.

## Reviews

* Dragão Brasil #3 (1994) (Portuguese)

## Other recognition

A copy of HeroQuest: Kellar's Keep is held in the collection of the Strong National Museum of Play (object 112.6148).
# Hermann Vogel

Hermann Vogel refers to:
* Hermann Wilhelm Vogel (1834–1898), photochemist
* Hermann Carl Vogel (1841–1907), astronomer
* Hermann Vogel (German illustrator) (1854–1921)
* Hermann Vogel (French illustrator) (1856–1918)