OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grafham Water

Grafham Water is an 806.3-hectare (1,992-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) north of Perry, Huntingdonshire. It was designated an SSSI in 1986. It is a reservoir with a circumference of about 16 km (10 mi), is 21 m (69 ft) deep at maximum, and is the eighth largest reservoir in England by volume and the third largest by area at 6.27 km$^2$ (1,550 acres). An area of 114 ha (280 acres) at the western end is a nature reserve managed by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire.
The lake was created by building an earth and concrete dam, constructed by W. & C. French in 1965, and water is extracted and processed at an adjacent Anglian Water treatment plant before being piped away as drinking water. It was shown from the air, before it opened, in 'Look at Life (film series)' ' 1965 episode, 'Will Taps Run Dry ?', narrated by Tim Turner.
The reservoir was immediately colonised by wildlife and a nature reserve was created at the western side of the reservoir. The nature reserve contains semi-natural ancient (at least 400 years old) woodlands and more recent plantation woodlands, grasslands and wetland habitats such as reedbeds, willow and open water. The reservoir has nationally important numbers of wintering great crested grebes, tufted ducks and coots, and of moulting mute swans in late summer. A pond has a population of the nationally uncommon warty newt.
Water is obtained by pumping water from the River Great Ouse nearby. There are two pumping stations associated with the reservoir. One is located just behind the dam, the other at Offord Cluny alongside the River Great Ouse. At times of high potential flood risk, Grafham Water treatment works can increase the amount of water it takes up to maximum capacity to help reduce the risk of flooding along the river.
As of January 2011, it was the only site in England, and the first in the UK, to harbour the invasive killer shrimp (Dikerogammarus villosus).
Grafham Water is popular for a range of leisure activities including sailing, fly fishing and cycling. In 2019, a live-action gaming centre, Rumble Live Action Gaming, was opened in the woodland arenas on the edge of the reservoir.
# Harrow Lawn Tennis Club Tournament

The Harrow Lawn Tennis Club Tournament was a late Victorian era men's grass court tennis tournament organised by the Harrow Lawn Tennis Club, and played at the grounds of the Harrow School, Harrow on the Hill, Middlesex, England from 1881 to 1887.

## History

The Harrow Lawn Tennis Club Tournament was a late 19th century tennis event first staged around June 1881, at Norham Gardens, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England. It was a closed tournament for current or former students of Oxford University. The first recorded winner of the men's singles was Englands's Frederick Gordon Templer. Templer competed at the 1880 Wimbledon Championships where he was beaten in the first round by Ernest Renshaw. The final known edition was in 1888 that was won by England's Harry Stanley Scrivener.

## Finals
### Men's Singles

(Incomplete roll)
* 1881— Frederick Gordon Templer def. J. Ruault, 2 sets to 1 .

## Venue

The Harrow Lawn Tennis Club was founded in 1880, three years after the first championships at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in 1877. The Harrow School leases its 12 courts and a small pavilion within its beautiful grounds to our club. The courts are named The Beckwith Courts after two Old Harrovians, Peter and Sir John Beckwith, brothers.
# Integer complexity

In number theory, the complexity of an integer is the smallest number of ones that can be used to represent it using ones and any number of additions, multiplications, and parentheses. It is always within a constant factor of the logarithm of the given integer.

## Example

For instance, the number 11 may be represented using eight ones:
    11 = (1 + 1 + 1) × (1 + 1 + 1) + 1 + 1.
However, it has no representation using seven or fewer ones. Therefore, its complexity is 8.
The complexities of the numbers 1, 2, 3, ... are
    1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 7, 8, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 8, ... (sequence A005245 in the OEIS)
The smallest numbers with complexity 1, 2, 3, ... are
    1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11, 17, 22, 23, 41, 47, ... (sequence A005520 in the OEIS)

## Upper and lower bounds

The question of expressing integers in this way was originally considered by Mahler & Popken (1953). They asked for the largest number with a given complexity k; later, Selfridge showed that this number is
    $2^{x}3^{(k-2x)/3}{\text{ where }}x=-k{\bmod {3}}.$
For example, when k = 10, x = 2 and the largest integer that can be expressed using ten ones is 2$^2$ 3$^2$ = 36. Its expression is
    (1 + 1) × (1 + 1) × (1 + 1 + 1) × (1 + 1 + 1).
Thus, the complexity of an integer n is at least 3 log$_3$ n. The complexity of n is at most 3 log$_2$ n (approximately 4.755 log$_3$ n): an expression of this length for n can be found by applying Horner's method to the binary representation of n. Almost all integers have a representation whose length is bounded by a logarithm with a smaller constant factor, 3.529 log$_3$ n.

## Algorithms and counterexamples

The complexities of all integers up to some threshold N can be calculated in total time O(N $^{1.222911236}$).
Algorithms for computing the integer complexity have been used to disprove several conjectures about the complexity. In particular, it is not necessarily the case that the optimal expression for a number n is obtained either by subtracting one from n or by expressing n as the product of two smaller factors. The smallest example of a number whose optimal expression is not of this form is 353942783. It is a prime number, and therefore also disproves a conjecture of Richard K. Guy that the complexity of every prime number p is one plus the complexity of p − 1. In fact, one can show that $\|p\|=\|p-1\|=63$. Moreover, Venecia Wang gave some interesting examples, i.e. $\|743\times 2\|=\|743\|=22$, $\|166571\times 3\|=\|166571\|=39$, $\|97103\times 5\|=\|97103\|=38$, $\|23^{2}\|=20$ but $2\|23\|=22$.
# Deadz

"Deadz" is a song by American hip hop group Migos from their second studio album Culture (2017). It features American rapper 2 Chainz and was produced by Cardo.

## Composition

The song uses a horn-blaring instrumental and centers on the rappers counting their money.

## Critical reception

The song was met with generally positive reviews from critics. Rolling Stone's Christopher R. Weingarten commented that the song "puts 'ah ooh!' exultations into a Game of Thrones gladiator march". Clayton Purdom of The A.V. Club wrote "Even when the trio goes big, as on the ominous 'Deadz,' they still find room for dynamics, climaxing in a syncopated Takeoff verse backed by warped '80s horror synths." Paul A. Thompson of Pitchfork deemed it as one of the "fascinating reconciliations" from Culture, writing that it "seems to find a middle ground between the sparse Atlanta sounds and Chicago's maximalism that were warring around the time of Y.R.N." Karas Lamb of Consequence commented that the use of Auto-Tune "works for" the song. Chris Gibbons of XXL praised Quavo's line boasting that his money is "long like anacondas" and considered 2 Chainz's feature the best guest appearance on Culture, writing, "Even though his feature is also very short, he makes the most of it and showcases fantastic chemistry with Migos" and "2 Chainz has so much charisma that he barely needs to say anything else to make a lasting impression."

## Music video

The music video was released on February 23, 2017. Directed by Daps and Migos, it opens with an orchestra performing the instrumental of the song in front of a mansion. Quavo then appears rapping in a chandelier-filled hallway and behind a piano. A group of pallbearers wearing diamond-studded masks appear in the clip. Wearing diamond jewelry, the Migos members count stacks of money near the coffins of George Washington, Abraham Lincoln and Benjamin Franklin in a mortuary, throwing some on them, and are also seen with 2 Chainz rapping from a balcony overlooking the orchestra. Migos resurrects the historical figures by tossing money into their caskets.

## Charts

| Chart (2017) | Peak position |
| US Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles (Billboard) | 5 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 45 |
# Klement

Klement is a given name and surname. People with that name include:

## Given name

* Klement Gottwald (1896–1953), Czechoslovak politician
* Klement Slavický (1910–1999), Czech composer
* Klement Steinmetz (1915–2001), Austrian football player

## Surname

* Lidia Klement (1937–1964), Soviet singer
* Philipp Klement (born 1992), German footballer
* Uta Klement (born 1962), German materials scientist and academic
* Václav Klement (1868–1938), Czech automotive pioneer
* Vera Klement (born 1929), American artist
# Paddy Collins (referee)

Patrick Collins (born 1942) is an Irish former Gaelic football referee and Gaelic games administrator. Born in Athboy, County Meath, Collins refereed the All-Ireland SFC finals of 1976, 1981, 1984 and 1989. A 2014 article in Hoganstand.com noted that he is regarded as "one of the top football referees of all time".
Páidí Ó Sé appointed him as a selector when he was made manager of the Westmeath senior football team in 2003, by which time Collins had long served as secretary of the Westmeath County Board.
Collins remained involved with the Westmeath senior team under Ó Sé's successor as manager Tomás Ó Flatharta, appointed in 2005.
Collins was also county secretary in 2000 when manager Brendan Lowry received a controversial six-month ban which was later lifted.
In 2022, Martin Breheny named him among "five of the best football referees".
# Day 1 (song)

"Day 1" ("Dia 1") is a song recorded by American singer Leslie Grace. This is her second single from her album Leslie Grace 2013, which was released by Top Stop Music on November 19, 2012. The music video was released early February 2013. In a studio, Leslie is singing into the camera modeling. The video ends with Leslie close up to the camera saying "You've had me from day one." It was recognized as among the most successful tropical songs by ASCAP in 2014. To version of this song. A mostly Spanish version and another version with more English in to the lyrics.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
| US Hot Latin Songs (Billboard) | 21 |
| US Latin Airplay (Billboard) | 22 |
| US Tropical Airplay (Billboard) | 1 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2013) | Position |
| US Hot Latin Songs (Billboard) | 89 |
# Kokologo

Kokologo or Kokologho is a village in the Kokologo Department of Boulkiemdé Province in central western Burkina Faso. It is the capital of Kokologo Department and has a population of 9,704.
# Kokomemedada

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Kokomemedada is the fourth full-length studio album from Swedish band Komeda, and their third album sung in English. Kokomemedada was first released in 2003 on Sonet Records and in 2004 in the United States on the Minty Fresh label. The album is the first Komeda release after the departure of guitarist Mattias Norlander, leaving the band to continue as a trio.
The album was more experimental in tone, reflecting years of writing music for theatre, and with a darker tone due to the band's recent bereavements. Most of the songs were assembled in the studio and not performed live.
The album contains ten songs (plus a hidden bonus track on the Minty Fresh release). One song, "Blossom (Got to Get it Out)" is a re-recording of Komeda's song "B.L.O.S.S.O.M." from the soundtrack to the animated series The Powerpuff Girls. "Out from the Rain" might be best known as the song playing in the US advertisement for the Nintendo DS game Kirby: Canvas Curse.
The title of the album is the band name written using the swedish children's cant known as rövarspråket.

## Track listing

All songs written by Komeda
* "Nonsense"
* "Blossom (Got to Get It Out)"
* "Victory Lane"
* "Fade in Fade Out"
* "Catcher"
* "Elvira Madigan"
* "Out from the Rain"
* "Dead"
* "Reproduce"
* "Brother"
* "Check it Out" (Minty Fresh release only)
# Knee buckling

Knee buckling is a symptom of knee instability that frequently affects older individuals, especially when putting weight on the knees.
# Padai Soozha

Padai Soozha (transl. Surrounded by force) is a 2011 Indian Tamil language masala film directed by A. S. Prabhu. The film stars newcomer Ganesh Prasad and Varshini, with newcomer Abhinay, newcomer Sangeetha, Prasad Raj, Siddique, R. Sundarrajan, Mahanadi Shankar, Sakthivel, Manikandan and Chinrasu playing supporting roles. The film had musical score by N. Sasikumar and was released on 25 March 2011.

## Plot

The film begins with Shiva (Ganesh Prasad) being attacked by rowdies and getting admitted to the hospital in a serious condition.
In the past, the college students Shiva and Ashok (Abhinay) are archenemies, but after the college election, they made peace and became good friends. Shiva and Saranya (Varshini) were in love, while Ashok and Swetha (Sangeetha) fell in love with each other. Ashok and Swetha secretly married at the registrar office with the help of Shiva and Saranya. Ashok and Swetha then stayed in a house owned by a kindhearted man (R. Sundarrajan). The local don Adhikesavan (Prasad Raj) wanted to grab their land and killed the innocent Ashok. Shiva and his friends complained to the police inspector and the local politician, but they did nothing because they worked for Adhikesavan. Shiva and his friends then protested against Adhikesavan in the street, and the police arrested them. The district collector Siddique (Siddique) decided to help them and asked them to provide evidence of Adhikesavan's criminal activities. Shiva then sabotaged all his business. Adhikesavan suspected his archenemy Kasi (Mahanadi Shankar) of doing so, and he brutally killed him in broad daylight. Meanwhile, Swetha gave birth to a baby boy. Adhikesavan found out about Shiva's plans, so he killed his friends, and Adhikesavan's henchmen attacked Shiva.
Back to the present, Shiva takes revenge on Adhikesavan by beating his son Mahesh (Manikandan) in front of him until he becomes mentally ill.

## Cast

* Ganesh Prasad as Shiva
* Varshini as Saranya
* Abhinay as Ashok
* Sangeetha as Swetha
* Prasad Raj as Adhikesavan
* Siddique as Siddique
* R. Sundarrajan as House owner
* Mahanadi Shankar as Kasi
* Sakthivel as Police Inspector
* Manikandan as Mahesh
* Chinrasu as Chandru
* Kumar
* Anju Mohan
* Ramesh
* R. John Peter
* Nagina in a special appearance

## Production

A. S. Prabhu made his directorial debut with Padai Soozha under the banner of AGR Right Films. Newcomer Ganesh Prasad (Vijjith), who hailed from Coimbatore, was cast to play the hero while Varshini was chosen to play the heroine. Prasad Raj, the brother of actor Prakash Raj, was selected to play the villain.

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by N. Sasikumar.

## Reception

A reviewer said, "Padai Soozha is a tragedy of a movie, the type that would send the audience racing for the nearest exit. Meaningless script, poor dialogues, artificial backdrops, and the absence of any form of entertainment makes Padai Sooza a can't watch".
# Pagsanjan Falls stamp

The Pagsanjan Falls stamp is a postage stamp, issued on May 3, 1932, which is notable for having an error. It is part of a set of seven stamps showing places of interest and landmarks in the Philippines, at that time a United States territory. It is a postage stamp design error printed in the United States and intended to display an image of Pagsanjan Falls, a tourist attraction in Laguna province in the Philippines. However, the image on the stamp is actually of Vernal Fall in Yosemite National Park, California. The stamp was withdrawn on November 17, 1932.
The error has made the stamp the most sought after in the set: the 2008 Scott catalog value for a very fine mint never-hinged copy of the stamp (Scott #357) is US$25.00, while no other stamp in the set exceeds US$1.00. The rest of the set comprises 2¢ – Mount Mayon, 4¢ – the Manila Central Post Office, 12¢ – Pier No. 7, Manila, 20¢ – planting rice, 24¢ – rice terraces and 32¢ – Baguio zigzag.

## Description

The postage stamp design is of an upright rectangular form, a shape chosen so that the waterfall could be displayed in its entirety, and is printed in yellow and orange inks. The textural elements are at the top and bottom of the stamp; the base panel reads "United States of America" with 18 centavos denomination corner box on either side. Above this is a small banner that reads "Pagsanjan Falls" while a panel at the top of the stamp are the words "Philippine Islands" in an arc. The picture illustrates a large waterfall with trees growing at the top and a few boats nearby. The colors are bright so as to render the picture highly visible. Additional design elements frame the image on both sides.

## Error

Although the inscription reads Pagsanjan Falls, the waterfall on the stamp is Vernal Fall, a waterfall in Yosemite National Park in California. The error came about because the engraver, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, used a photograph of Vernal Fall as the basis for the image on the stamp because the wrong image had been supplied by the post office in Manila. At the time, July 1941, it was estimated that one and a half million copies had been printed even though a recall was considered. No stamp was issued with a corrected image.
# PS-45 Sanghar-V

PS-45 Sanghar-V (پی ایس-45، سانگھڑ-5) is a constituency of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh. It was abolished after 2023 Delimitations as Sanghar lost 1 seat.

## General elections 2013

| Contesting candidates | Party affiliation | Votes polled |

## General elections 2008

| Contesting candidates | Party affiliation | Votes polled |
# Decalepis hamiltonii

Decalepis hamiltonii is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is endemic to Peninsular India and known by its names of maredu kommulu, nannari kommulu or madina kommulu in Telugu, makali beru or vagani beru in Kannada and magali kizhangu in Tamil is a plant whose root is used in Ayurvedic medicines and for use in pickles and to make sharbat.
The English name of swallowroot is sometimes used for the plant and studies have shown that it has insecticidal activity and a potential use in control of stored grain pests. The active ingredient in the root was synthesized and encapsulated with beta-cyclodextrins. The roots were also subjected to supercritical carbon-dioxide based extraction at the Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India. The plant is often confused with Hemidesmus indicus, Indian sarsaparilla The root contains antioxidants and extraction methods for it have been patented.
The popularity of Decalepis in the international market has recently made its price soar and sends worrying signals about it getting being endangered due to over-exploitation.
# Decalegrón

Decalegrón was a Uruguayan television comedy programme which aired on Saeta TV Channel 10 from 1977 till 2002.
Notable for its refined sense of humour, the programme won several awards.

## Cast

* Ricardo Espalter
* Enrique Almada
* Eduardo D'Angelo
* Raimundo Soto
* Julio Frade
# Decalepis salicifolia

Decalesis salicifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae, native to the Laccadive Islands and south-west India.
# Pac-Man Games

Pac-Man Games was an iOS application by Namco Bandai Games that contained timed "S" (Score Attack) versions of six different Namco games. It was delisted from the App Store on March 30, 2014.

## Gameplay

Pac-Man S, Dig Dug S, Galaga S and Rally-X S were ports of titles previously released on Facebook, while Gator Panic S, and Pac-Chain S were exclusive to this compilation but were based on preexisting iOS games by Namco.
Points earned from the games could be used to purchase items in the "My Room" mode, where the player could dress up their avatar and decorate their avatar's room.
# List of ambassadors of Great Britain to Sweden

The ambassador of Great Britain to Sweden was the foremost diplomatic representative in Sweden of the Kingdom of Great Britain, created by the Treaty of Union in 1707, in charge of the British diplomatic mission in Stockholm. The title was more often Envoy extraordinary than ambassador.
For ambassadors to Sweden after 1800, see List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Sweden. For envoys before 1707, see List of ambassadors of the Kingdom of England to Sweden.

## List of heads of mission
### Ambassadors to Sweden

* 1707–1717: Robert Jackson Commissary in charge, representing England in 1696 and 1703–1707, Great Britain 1707-1710; with title of Minister Resident 1710–1717 and 1717–1729
** 1707: John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough Plenipontiary
** 1711–1715: Captain James Jeffreys Minister or Resident in attendance on Charles XII of Sweden
* 1717–1719 No diplomatic relations
* 1719–1720: John Carteret, 2nd Baron Carteret Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
** 1720: Admiral Sir John Norris Plenipontiary
* 1720–1724: William Finch Envoy extraordinary
* 1724–1727: Stephen Poyntz Envoy extraordinary; Ambassador from 1727
** 1726: Vice-Admiral Sir Charles Wager Plenipontiary
** 1727: Isaac Leheup MP (in Stockholm only 19 days)
* 1727–1728: Baron von Diescau (Hanoverian envoy) Chargé d'Affaires
* 1728–1739: Edward Finch MP Envoy extraordinary
* 1739–1741: John Burnaby Legation secretary
* 1742–1748: Col. Melchior Guy-Dickens Minister
* 1748–1763 no mission
* 1758–1773: Sir John Goodricke, 5th Baronet Nominally Minister, but resident at Copenhagen 1758-1764; then Envoy extraordinary (at Stockholm)
* 1774–1776: Lewis De Visme Esq Envoy extraordinary
* 1776–1778: Horace St Paul
* 1778–1787: Thomas Wroughton
** 1787–1788: Charles Keene, Chargé d'Affaires
* 1788–1793: Robert Liston (diplomat) Envoy extraordinary https://web.archive.org/web/20091010220555/http://www.nationalgalleries.org/index.php/collection/online_az/4:322/results/0/3012
* 1793–1795: Lord Henry John Spencer
* 1795–1802: Daniel Hailes
# Death Shall Rise

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Death Shall Rise is the second album by British death metal band Cancer. It was released on 24 May 1991 through Vinyl Solution.

## Track listing

All tracks by Cancer

## Personnel
### Cancer

* James Murphy - Lead Guitar
* Carl Stokes - Drums
* John Walker - Vocals, Guitar
* Ian Buchanan - Bass

### Guest musician

* Glen Benton - Backing Vocals on "Hung, Drawn and Quartered"

### Production

* John 'The Don' Dent - Mastering
* Tim Hubbard - Photography
* Junior Tomlin - Cover art
* Scott Burns - Producer
* Mike Marsh - Mastering
# Koh Sock May

Koh Sock May (1938 − 1 October 2023), also known by her stage name Si Di, was a Singaporean radio presenter with news station Capital 95.8FM. Koh began her career in 1964 at Rediffusion Singapore. She was a member of the Amoy Hokkien drama play team, formed in 1957 by her husband Zhang Weiming. Also proficient in Mandarin, Koh worked for Rediffusion for near to 50 years.
Koh died from cancer on 1 October 2023, at the age of 85. Her wake was held at the Singapore Casket from 1 October to 5 October 2023. She was cremated at the Mandai Crematorium and Columbarium on 5 October 2023, 10.45am local time. She had a daughter and a son.