OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Murray Lender

Murray Isaac Lender (October 29, 1930 – March 21, 2012) was an American businessman and entrepreneur who helped expand his father's small, Connecticut bagel bakery, Lender's Bagels, into a nationwide brand. Murray Lender served as the chief executive officer of Lender's, while his brother, Marvin, served as the company's president. Under Murray Lender, Lender's Bagels began selling frozen bagels to supermarkets in 1960, introducing many American consumers to the bagel for the first time. The Washington Post called Lender "the most important man in the modern history of bagels." Murray Lender also became known to the public for appearing in a series of television commercials for Lender's Bagels.
Murray Lender's father, Harry Lender, immigrated from Lublin, Poland, to the United States in 1927. That same year, Harry opened a small bagel bakery in New Haven, Connecticut, which catered to the city's Eastern European Jewish community. His wife, Rose Braiter Lender, and their two oldest children, Hyman and Sam, followed Harry Lender to the United States in 1929.
Murray Lender was born in New Haven, Connecticut, on October 29, 1930. He graduated from Junior College of Commerce, which is now known as Quinnipiac University. Later, as chairman of Quinnipiac's Board of Trustees, he heard Quinnipiac President John L. Lahey give talks on the history of the Great Hunger in Ireland, and as a result donated funds to create the Ireland’s Great Hunger Museum at Quinnipiac. "A lot of Irish and Irish American artists and supporters helped to make this day possible, but without the support of a son of a Jewish immigrant from Poland who saw parallels in our experience we wouldn't be ...(able to).. dedicate this new facility. That's a proof of how important this story is to all immigrants," Lahey said.
All four brothers - Hyman, Sam, Harry and Marvin - entered the family's bagel business, called H. Lender's and Sons. Harry Lender died in 1958 and the brothers began freezing bagels for sale in 1960. Murray also came up with the idea of pre-slicing bagels. Murray Lender and his family sold Lender's Bagels to Kraft Foods in 1984. The brand was acquired by the Pinnacle Foods Group in 2003.
Murray Lender died at a hospital in Miami, Florida, on March 21, 2012, at the age of 81. He had suffered injuries in a fall ten weeks earlier at his home in Aventura, Florida. He was survived by his children Carl Lender, Haris Lender and Jay Lender and 6 grandchildren.
# Musa Shehu

Colonel Musa Sheikh Shehu was Administrator of Rivers State, Nigeria from August 1996 to August 1998 during the military regime of General Sani Abacha, and then of Plateau State until the return to democracy in May 1999.
At the time of the coup of 27 August 1985, when General Ibrahim Babangida came to power, Captain Musa Shehu played a supporting role as second in command of the Recce Battalion in Jos.
While governor of Plateau state in 1999, Shehu received N200 million to clean up pollution from tin mining. The money was allegedly misappropriated.
Shehu remained politically active after retirement in 1999. In 2001, he was among former military administrators who formed the United Nigeria Development Forum, a political pressure group. In December 2009 he was among Northern leaders who opposed the transfer of power to vice-president Goodluck Jonathan during the illness of president Umaru Yar'Adua. In 2010 Shehu was Secretary General of the Arewa Consultative Forum, an influential group of Northern Nigerian leaders.
# Gautam Shome Sr.

Gautam Kumar Shome (28 May 1958 – 10 February 2023), known as Gautam Shome Senior during his career, was an Indian cricketer. He played seven first-class matches for Bengal between 1984 and 1986.
Shome died on 10 February 2023, at the age of 64.
# Jonathan Cristol

Jonathan Cristol is an American academic, professor, and U.S. foreign policy commentator. He is a frequent contributor to CNN and is the author of The United States and the Taliban before and after 9/11 published in 2018. Cristol is affiliated with the Center for Civic Engagement at Bard College, the Levermore Global Scholars Program at Adelphi University, and the Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs.
Cristol is an expert on issues pertaining to international security, Middle East politics, the Korean Peninsula, and U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East and East Asia. He is also a scholar of political realism and has specific expertise in the works of Hans Morgenthau. Regarding Cristol's recent analysis of the Taliban, the academic press Palgrave Macmillan has asserted that his 2018 book "present[s] a different picture of the Taliban from what most people have in mind."

## Early life

He earned his Ph.D. in International Relations at the University of Bristol in the United Kingdom and his M.A. in International Relations at Yale University, after receiving his B.A. from Bard College. He credits the late American foreign policy historian James Chace with inspiring his deep interest in diplomatic history and international relations theory.
# Hermann Knoblauch

Karl Hermann Knoblauch (German pronunciation:; 11 April 1820 – 30 June 1895) was a German physicist. He is most notable for his studies of radiant heat. He was one of the six founding members of the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft at Berlin on 14 January 1845.
Knoblauch's father was a well-to-do silk fabrics manufacturer in Berlin. Despite pressure from his father to enter the family business, Knoblauch in his early 20s opted to study mathematics and science at the University of Berlin. There he became one of the star students in the laboratory of Gustav Magnus. Knoblauch's doctorate, completed in Berlin in 1847, described valuable experiments that established some of the optical properties of radiant heat (a.k.a. infrared radiation). In an article describing these experiments Knoblauch wrote that experimental facts are "the only permanent things in science", while abstract models are "transitory" and should be treated with caution and kept separate from the facts, a view that Magnus maintained also.
As a researcher and teacher at the University of Marburg, 1849–53, he produced valuable experimental demonstrations about the nature of diamagnetism. Knoblauch's student and collaborator on the diamagnetism work was John Tyndall. Tyndall and Knoblauch maintained a correspondence on and off over the next 25 years.
Knoblauch moved to the University of Halle in 1853, and remained there for the rest of his career. During his first few years at Halle he did not publish anything. Later his publications were still not as frequent as they had been before moving to Halle. In his Halle years, apart from science teaching and research, he also gave his time to various administrative functions in German science including being president for 17 years of the German Academy of Sciences. He was also the rector (chief administrative officer) of the University of Halle for a while.
His wife Elisabeth (1827–1855) died on September 12 due to complications from childbirth of their son Johannes, who was born on August 27.
# George Thorn (disambiguation)

George Thorn (1838–1905), son of George Thorn (senior), was Premier of Queensland, Australia.
George Thorn may also refer to:
* George Thorn (senior) (1806-1876), politician in Queensland, Australia; father of George Thorn
* George W. Thorn (1906–2004), American physician
* George Thorn (songwriter), see Spanish Harlem (album)
# Gemylus

Gemylus is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:
* Gemylus albipictus Pascoe, 1865
* Gemylus albosticticus Breuning, 1939
* Gemylus albovittatus Breuning, 1960
* Gemylus angustifrons Breuning, 1939
* Gemylus uniformis Breuning, 1939
* Gemylus upsilon Dillon & Dillon, 1952
* Gemylus wainiloka Dillon & Dillon, 1952
# London History Day

London History Day is an annual celebration in London that takes place on 31 May, the day that Big Ben first started keeping time.

## History

In May 2016 Historic England launched an online poll through YouGov asking the public to choose the most relevant date to celebrate London's history. 24% of people chose the day that Big Ben first kept time in 1859. The first London History Day took place on 31 May 2017. Over 40 historic and cultural institutions hosted special events or highlighted rare objects in their collection.

### 2020

The fourth London History Day took place during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Historic England and the Museum of London created a booklet to help families celebrate the day without leaving their homes. London residents were encouraged to celebrate from home by dressing up as a well-known person in London history using items they could find in their homes.
# Ctenosaura nolascensis

Ctenosaura nolascensis, the Nolasco spiny-tailed iguana or San Pedro Nolasco spinytail iguana, is a species of iguana native to Mexico. It is endemic to one island, the Isla San Pedro Nolasco.
# Jake Stevens

Jake Stevens is a fictional Irish television personality and musician portrayed by the comedian PJ Gallagher. He first featured in the popular RTÉ Two hidden camera television series, Naked Camera. Stevens later achieved his own spin-off show Makin' Jake which documented his efforts to conquer the United States. He has released one single "Merry Christmas Jakey Boy", which reached number nine in the Irish Singles Chart in December 2006. Stevens performed the single on The Cafe and Tubridy Tonight.

## Style

Stevens is known for his "shiny-suited persona" and characteristic trait of whistling whilst waving a wet newspaper around with his hand and yelling such explicit catchphrases as "I need a fuckin' job" or threatening to "bend you over and rip down your jocks and shove a spoon up yer hole." He wears white socks and chunky catalogue jewellery and is said to be "bound up in manic egotism and dangerous idiocy".

## Career
### Early career

Stevens began his television career in 2005 on the popular RTÉ Two hidden camera/comedy style television series, Naked Camera where he featured alongside other characters such as Jumperman and the Dirty Auld Wan. For the show he ambushed ordinary members of the general public as they went about their everyday business, making them feel uncomfortable and embarrassed for comedic results.

### Christmas single

In 2006 Stevens released the single "Merry Christmas Jakey Boy" exclusively for the Irish Christmas market. It peaked at #9 and was performed by Stevens on a number of television shows, including the youth programme The Cafe and the primetime chat show Tubridy Tonight. The Cafe performance came on 14 December 2006, following a guest appearance by Gallagher alongside his Naked Camera colleague Maeve Higgins and the corporate magician Jack Wise. UK band The Charlatans also performed their single "Blackened Blue Eyes" on the same show. The Tubridy Tonight performance saw Stevens engage with the audience as the credits rolled.

### U.S. conquest

Stevens travelled across the United States in 2008 for the filming of his television series Makin' Jake. His attempts to conquer the country were somewhat unsuccessful, being shunned in the cities of Los Angeles, California, Nashville, Tennessee, San Francisco, California and New York City. Stevens had received acting tips from A-list performers including Erik Estrada (CHiPs) and Lou Ferrigno (the original Incredible Hulk) before his attempts to conquer the country.

## Discography

| Year | Title | Peak chart position |
| 2006 | "Merry Christmas Jakey Boy" | 9 |
# Margaret Eaton

Margaret Eaton may refer to:
* Margaret Eaton, Baroness Eaton (born 1942), British politician
* Margaret O'Neill Eaton, American woman (wife of a United States Senator) involved in the "Petticoat affair"
* Margaret Fernie Eaton (1871–1953), English artist
# Mara Mareș

Mara Mareș (born 5 June 1992) is a Romanian politician of the National Liberal Party. She has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2023, having previously served from 2016 to 2020. Since 2017, she has served as president of the National Liberal Youth.
# Marcus Coker

Marcus Coker (born May 11, 1992) is a former American football running back for the Stony Brook Seawolves.

## Early years

Coker attended DeMatha Catholic High School in Hyattsville, Maryland. As a senior, he rushed 165 times for 1,698 yards with 23 touchdowns.

## College career

Coker attended the University of Iowa. As a true freshman in 2010 he rushed for 622 yards on 114 carries and had three touchdowns. He was the Offensive MVP of the 2010 Insight Bowl after rushing for 219 yards on 33 carries and two touchdowns.
During the 2011 regular season, Coker ranked second in the Big Ten Conference and 10th among all players in the NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision with 1,384 yards.
Coker was suspended from the 2011 Insight Bowl for unexplained “disciplinary reasons” according to a press release from the University of Iowa.
Coker transferred to Stony Brook University in spring 2012. The following season, he rushed 1,018 yards and scored nine touchdowns for the Seawolves. In 2013, he rushed for 193 yards and scored one touchdown before being sidelined by an abdominal injury. He was suspended for the first game of the 2014 season and then broke his leg in a motorcycle accident. His college career totals were 3,731 yards and 34 touchdowns.
# Jakob Löwenstein

Jakob Koppel Löwenstein (also Moshe Yaakov Kopel HaLevi Lewenstein; August 17, 1799, in Bruchsal – July 27, 1869, in Tauberbischofsheim) was a German rabbi and writer in Baden.

## Biography

Jakob Löwenstein was the son of Joseph Löwenstein. He studied first at the Yeshiva in Bruchsal, then from 1813 in Karlsruhe under Ascher Löw and Aron Ettlinger (father of Jacob Ettlinger, friend of Jakob Löwenstein from his youth), from 1816 in Mainz under Abraham Naftali Hertz Scheuer, from 1820 in Hanau under Moses (Moshe Tuvia) Sontheim, and from 1825 in Würzburg under Abraham Bing. In 1825 and 1826 he studied secular studies at the University of Würzburg.
In 1829 Löwenstein married Regina (Rechel) Ettlinger (born 1806 in Karlsruhe; died 1880). Together they had thirteen children, of which the following eleven were born in Gailingen am Hochrhein: Adelheid (born 26 May 1830), Hannchen (born 24 May 1831), Minette (born 20 August 1832; died 10 April 1835), Isaac (born 5 October 1834), Rebekka (born 16 April 1836), Samuel (born 17 January 1838), Babette (born 29 December 1839), Mirjam (born 31 December 1841), Leopold (1843–1923), Judith (born 16 September 1845) and Joseph (born 29 December 1847).
From 1829 to 1851 he was district rabbi in Gailingen. He was a representative of the so-called neo-orthodoxy. In July 1852 he took over the district rabbinate in Tauberbischofsheim, a position he held until his death.

## Works

Löwenstein authored Menorah Tehorah (in German) in opposition of the reformists. The book was printed in Schaffhausen in 1835.
# Marcus Minucius Rufus

Marcus Minucius Rufus (died August 2, 216 BC) was a Roman consul in 221 BC. He was also Magister Equitum during the dictatorship of Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus known as Cunctator.
He was a political enemy of Fabius Maximus. He was against his delaying defensive strategy during the Second Punic War. While the Carthaginians had been busy at Geronium, Fabius had left Minucius in charge of the Roman army with instructions to follow the "Fabian strategy" and journeyed to Rome to observe some religious duties. Minucius, who had always advocated a more forward strategy against Hannibal, moved down from the hills after a few days and set up a new camp in the plain of Larinum to the north of Geronium. The Romans then began harassing the Carthaginian foragers from their new camp as Minucius sought to provoke Hannibal into battle. Hannibal in response moved near the Roman camp from Geronium with two thirds of his army, built a temporary camp and occupied a hill overlooking the Roman camp with 2,000 Numidian spearmen. The mobility of the Carthaginians was restricted at this time as their cavalry horses were being rested. This had also deprived Hannibal of his best weapon against the Romans, a fact which would come into play soon.
Minucius promptly attacked and drove back the spearmen posted on the hill, and then moved his camp to the top of the captured hill. The stage was set for a confrontation, with the initiative resting with Minucius. The Roman commander, for all his rashness, handled the situation with skill and shrewdness to manipulate the events to his advantage. After that he was named co-commander to Fabius. However Minucius finally accepted his commands after Fabius saved his life during Hannibal's attack at Geronium.
Marcus Minucius Rufus was killed in the Battle of Cannae.
# Margrethe Marie Thomasine Numsen

Margrethe Marie Thomasine Numsen (née Ingenhaef(f); 8 March 1705 - 8 October 1776), was a politically active Danish courtier.
She was the daughter of general major noble Johan Peter Ingenhaeff. She served as lady-in-waiting to queen Anne Sophie Reventlow prior to her marriage. In 1725, she married general noble Michael Numsen. She was given the Ordre de l'Union Parfaite 1753.
After the death of her spouse in 1757, she became a central figure in court life, attributed political influence and often criticized. In 1772, she was appointed the head of the court of the crown prince, the future Frederick VI of Denmark. The crown prince who reportedly liked her very much and called her Mutter.
She belonged to a party at court in opposition to J. H. E Bernstorff alongside Schimmelmann and Prince Charles of Hesse, and supported the candidate of Schack Rathlou as his replacement.
In 1773, several members of the royal court was ousted after the dismissal of Osten and Andreas Schumacher, who were accused of sympathy with the burghers, and in September, Numsen lost the favor of queen Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel after having planned a coup d'etat to replaced the regency of Juliana Maria composed by one headed by A. P. Bernstorff, Schack Rathlou, Schimmelmann, Prince Charles and Princess Louise, and was exiled from court with the maids-of-honour Råben and Krogh and number of lower officials - Numsen was, however, officially given an honorable discharge and a pension.
# Margaret Lowrie

Margaret Lowrie Robertson was an International Correspondent at CNN from 1989 to 2002. She joined the network in September 1989 and contributed extensively to coverage of the Gulf War from Baghdad, one of the first female TV news reporters to broadcast live from Iraq during the conflict. She was made an international correspondent in 1993 and was based in London for nearly a decade. From 1985 to 1988, she worked for CBS News in Cairo. Before that, she worked as a freelance radio correspondent for CBS in Beirut and National Public Radio in Poland during the Solidarity era. She began her career as a copy-person at the New York Times in 1978 and was a news assistant in the Times' United Nations Bureau from 1979 to 1982. Raised in Charlottesville, VA, Lowrie is a graduate of Boston University. She is married to CNN Senior International correspondent Nic Robertson They have two daughters and live in London. Her novel, Season of Betrayal, set in Beirut 1983, was first published in hardback by Tatra Press in October 2006 and was released by Harcourt as a Harvest trade paperback in October 2007.
# March Constitution

March Constitution may refer to:
* March Constitution (Austria)
* March Constitution (Poland)
# Hillier's Cave

Hillier's Cave (grid reference ST65734753) is a cave in Fairy Cave Quarry, near Stoke St Michael in the limestone of the Mendip Hills, in Somerset, England.
It falls within the St. Dunstan's Well Catchment Site of Special Scientific Interest.
The cave was discovered on 13 February 1954, when blasting at one of the working faces opened up a cave passage, and is now choked with sludge waste from the quarry. It was first explored by John Anthony Quinn and boys from Midsomer Norton Grammar School (now Norton Hill School) who named it in honour of Gordon Hillier who was headmaster of the school from 1926 to 1958.
The Fairy Caves Management Committee administers the access to this cave on behalf of the quarry owners.
# Marcolin (surname)

Marcolin is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:
* Dario Marcolin (b. 1971), Italian football coach and former football player
* Bror Jan Alfredo Marcolin, also known as Messiah Marcolin (b. 1967), vocalist of the doom metal band Candlemass
# Maria Francesca Nascinbeni

Maria Francesca Nascinbeni (1658–1680) was an Italian composer. She studied in Ancona, Italy, with the Augustinian friar Scipio Lazzarini. He included her motet Sitientes venite and works by two of his other students in his Motetti a due e tre voce. At age sixteen (December 1674) Nascinbeni published one volume of music including songs, canzonas, madrigals and motets for organ and one, two and three voices. All that is known of her life is from the prefaces to her music volumes.
# Maria Kurnatowska

Maria Elżbiera Kurnatowska (2 July 1945 – 27 March 2009) was a Polish politician who served as a Member of Sejm from 1993 to 1997 and as a Member of Kuyavian-Pomeranian Regional Assembly from 1999 to 2009.

## Early life and education

Maria Elżbiera Kurnatowska was born on 2 July 1945 in Strzelno, Poland. In 1970, she studied history at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. After graduation, she was a professor of history for many years. History and education remained themes around which focused during her political career.

## Political career

Between 1990 and 1998 Kurnatowska was a delegate and Vice-Marschal of Bydgoszcz Regional Assembly. In 1993 parliamentary election she was elected to Sejm of Poland (lower house of Polish parliament) as member of Sejm III term to 1997. In 1998 local elections she was elected to Kuyavian-Pomeranian Regional Assembly I term and served her seat by three terms to her death in 2009. She was a member of Voivodeship executive board (zarząd województwa) between 1999 and 2006.

## Awards and honors

She received:
Golden Cross of Merit in 1999.
# James B. Colt House

The James B. Colt House is a historic house at 154 Wethersfield Avenue in Hartford, Connecticut. Built in 1855, it is a high-quality example of Italianate architecture. It was built for James B. Colt, the brother of industrialist Samuel Colt, whose Armsmear estate is just to the north. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

## Description and history

The James B. Colt House is located in the Sheridan-Charter Oak neighborhood of southern Hartford, on the east side of Wethersfield Avenue near its junction with Alden Street. It is situated facing Colt Park, a public city park that was originally part of the Colt family estate, and is south of the larger Armsmear estate of Samuel Colt. It is a three-story masonry structure, built out of brick covered in stucco. It has classic Italian villa features, including a low-pitch hip roof with deep bracketed eaves, and round-arch windows with decorative bracketed caps. The street-facing west facade is restrained, with a single-story porch across its left half that wraps around to the north. The western facade provides vistas of the park through tall windows on all three levels.
The house was built in 1855–57. James B. Colt was then serving as treasurer for the Colt's Manufacturing Company, and lived in the house until 1859. It afterward had a number of high-profile occupants, including General William B. Franklin, Colt's general manager until 1888, and George H. Day, one of Hartford's leading businessmen at the turn of the 20th century. In the 20th century the building was subdivided into apartments, and suffered an inside fire in 1973.