OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nairobi Dam

1°19′3″S 36°48′22″E﻿ / ﻿1.31750°S 36.80611°E﻿ / -1.31750; 36.80611
The Nairobi Dam is an embankment dam on the Nairobi River in Nairobi, Kenya.

## Background

The Dam constructed in 1953 holds back a reservoir with storage capacity of 98,000 m$^3$ (79 acre⋅ft) and surface area of 350,000 m$^2$ (86 acres). It is a shallow lake with an average depth on only 2.76 m (9.1 ft)
Inflow is from the Motoine River, from rainfall, and waste water from the unsewered Kibera settlement. Outflow is through evaporation and over the spillway into the Ngong River.
The Dam is heavily silted and areas have been reclaimed for agriculture by dumping solid waste.
The water hyacinth plant is very common and has clogged the water preventing sailing and fishing.

## Geology

The sediment beneath the Dam consists of Middle and Upper Kerichwa Valley Tuffs.

## Regeneration projects

Prime Minister Raila Odinga announced plans to regenerate the Dam and when he met with the Nairobi Dam Trust Initiative on 14 September 2011.
He asked that it be made part of the Nairobi River Basin Project funded by the United Nations Environment Program with the tasks of removing the water hyacinth and solid waste to restore the aquatic ecosystem. Also associated encroachment would need the settlements to be pulled down (Kibera is the second biggest slum in Africa, with 700,000 inhabitants) with an estimated cost of KSh.700 million/= (US$7.3 million)
# Poschiavino

Poschiavino is an 30-kilometre (19 mi) long river that rises in the Swiss canton of Graubünden and flows into the Italian province of Sondrio. The majority of the river is in Switzerland, with just 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) in Italy.
The source of the river lies at 2,260 metres (7,410 ft) above sea level in the Rhaetian Alps, close to the Livigno Pass. From here the river flows south through the upper Val Poschiavo, past the settlements of La Rösa, Poschiavo and Le Prese, before entering the 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) long Lago di Poschiavo. Below the lake, the river passes the settlements of Brusio and Campocologno before crossing the border into Italy. It flows into the Adda in Tirano, at 441 metres (1,447 ft) above sea level.
The water of the river and its tributaries is used to power several hydro-electric plants owned by Repower AG.
# Giorgio Calcaterra

Giorgio Calcaterra (born 11 February 1972 in Rome) is an Italian ultramarathoner, three times world champion of the 100 km. He is the most successful athlete at the IAU 100 km European Championships, being a three-time winner and also a silver and bronze medallist from 2008 to 2015.
In 2000 he ran 20 marathons under 2 hours and 20 minutes. He was the world leader of the 100 km top lists from 2008 to 2012. In 2003 he won the Helsinki City Marathon and in 2005 he won the Utrecht Marathon.
He is a three-time Italy winner of the Wings for Life World Run. In 2016 he was world winner of this race. He ran 88.44 km, the world record.
Calcaterra has been a vegetarian since the age of 15 and in 2019 became a vegan for ethical reasons.

## Personal best

* 100 km: 6:23:20" (Seregno, 24 April 2012)
* Wings for Life World Run: 88.44 km
Also Connemara International Ultra Marathon course record holder 63 km 3:56

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Performance |
| 2008 | 100 km World Championships | Tarquinia | 1st | 100 km | 6h37'41" |
| 2009 | 100 km World Championships | Torhout | 2nd | 100 km | 6h42'05" |
| 2011 | 100 km World Championships | Winschoten | 1st | 100 km | 6h27'32" |
| 2012 | 100 km World Championships | Seregno | 1st | 100 km | 6h23'20" |
| 2015 | 100 km World Championships | Winschoten | 3rd | 100 km | 6h36'49" |
# Nesiosphaerion insulare

Nesiosphaerion insulare is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by White in 1853.
# Yekaterinburgsky Uyezd

Yekaterinburgsky Uyezd (Екатеринбургский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Perm Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southeastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Yekaterinburg.

## Demographics

At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Yekaterinburgsky Uyezd had a population of 412,296. Of these, 96.6% spoke Russian, 2.1% Bashkir, 1.0% Tatar, 0.1% German, 0.1% Polish and 0.1% Yiddish as their native language.
# Marie Niedermann

Marie Niedermann (27 September 1880 – 23 May 1967) was a Danish film actress. She appeared in 23 films between 1910 and 1954. She was born and died in Denmark.

## Filmography

* Karen, Maren og Mette (1954)
* Vesterhavsdrenge (1950)
* Når katten er ude (1947)
* Elly Petersen (1944)
* Drama på slottet (1943)
* Moster fra Mols (1943)
* Alt for karrieren (1943)
* Forellen (1942)
* Søren Søndervold (1942)
* Tordenskjold går i land (1942)
* Thummelumsen (1941)
* Peter Andersen (1941)
* Alle går rundt og forelsker sig (1941)
* Niels Pind og hans dreng (1941)
* Sommerglæder (1940)
* En lille tilfældighed (1939)
* Den gamle præst (1939)
* Giftes - nej tak! (1936)
* Fra fyrste til knejpevært (1913)
* Ansigttyven II (1910)
* Ansigttyven I (1910)
* Valdemar Sejr (1910)
* Elverhøj (1910)
# Lilingyan

Lilingyan (Chinese: 戾陵堰; pinyin: lìlíngyàn) was an ancient irrigation system built in 250 AD during the Three Kingdoms period to irrigate the Beijing Plain around Jicheng (modern-day Beijing). The irrigation system consisted of Lilingyan, a dam across the Shishui (Yongding River) at the foot of Liangshan (Shijingshan), and the Chexiangqu, a diversion channel that carried the water west into the Beijing Plain. The diversion channel fed water to the fields north, east and southeast of Jicheng and emptied into the Gaoliang River, which flowed back into the Yongding River. The irrigation system was an important development in Beijing's early history and helped increase food production and population in and around the city. Lilingyan was named after Liling, the tomb of Liu Dan, Prince of Yan, who was buried in Liangshan after his death in 80 BC.

## History

Lilingyan was built in 250 AD by Liu Jing, a military commander of Youzhou, a prefecture in north China based in Jicheng. Liu Jing was the son of Liu Fu, who had built irrigation systems along the Huai River. As the commander of the local garrison, Liu Jing had to purchase grain from afar due to limited food production locally. To improve local agricultural output, Liu Jing diverted the waters of the Yongding River, which flowed south of Jicheng to irrigate the plains to the north of the Yongding River. He deployed soldiers to dam the Yongding in the hills west of Ji and channeled the water eastward along the Chexiangqu into the Beijing Plain. The dam was 2.4 meters high and piled from woven baskets of stone. To withstand the flash flood of theYongding as the river flows out of the Western Hills, the dam was 72 meters thick and gently sloped so that flood water can flow over the dam. The Chexiangqu made use of the old river bed of the Yongding, which used to flow north of Jicheng before it changed course and flowed south of the city.
In 262, a sluice gate was added to control the flow of water into the diversion channel. The irrigation system greatly improved agricultural output of the region and helped increase the population of Ji. In 295, Liu Jing's son, Liu Hong, repaired and expanded the irrigation system by extending the aqueduct further east to modern-day Tongzhou.
During the Northern Qi dynasty, the irrigation system was repaired in 519 and further expanded in 565 by connecting channels to the Sha River further north. The system was again repaired in 650-655 during the Tang dynasty, and later became part of subsequent irrigation systems of Beijing. Much of the land irrigated by the Lilingyan is now under urban Beijing, after the city shifted northward from Jicheng to Dadu in the 13th century.
# Nairobi Community Media House

Nairobi Community Media House is an organization that rooted in the Nairobi slum, Kenya, that recruits and trains young people in filmmaking and editing. In 2010, the Voices of Africa Media Foundation launched the Nairobi Community Media House to train talented young people (20–25 years old) from the Nairobi many slums to become professional media filmmakers. The trainees also learn how to make money, allowing them to become financially independent reporters. The mission of Nairobi Community Media House is: Give the slums a voice

## Current Programs

One of the programs is the video reports African Slum Journal. Another program is called Bunge Mtaani. The title is Kiswahili for “Parliament of the streets” and is meant to strengthen the citizens’ participation.
# Glandora oleifolia

Glandora oleifolia (Lapeyr.) D.C.Thomas, the olive-leaved gromwell (syn. Lithodora oleifolia, Lithospermum oleifolium), is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae. The plant is native to a small rocky area near Figueras in the eastern Pyrenees, and is endemic to Spain.

## Description

Glandora oleifolia is a lax and low evergreen sub-shrub growing to 20 cm (8 in) tall by 30 cm (12 in) or more wide. It has silky dark green leaves, similar to olive (Olea europea) leaves in shape. The plant produces sky-blue 5-lobed flowers.

## Cultivation

Glandora oleifolia is cultivated as an ornamental plant. In gardens it prefers an alkaline soil. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit

## Taxonomy

Its former name in Latin, lithodora, literally means "stone gift", referring to its preference for rocky places. The term oleifolia means "olive leaved", though it is not closely related to the true olives.
# Oflag IV-A

Oflag IV-A was a World War II German POW camp for officers located in the 15th-century Burg Hohnstein, in Hohnstein, Saxony.

## Camp history

The castle was first used as a camp in 1933–34, named KZ Hohnstein. As a Schutzhaftlager ("protective custody camp"), it held political prisoners, mostly members of the Communist Party, who were forced to work in a nearby quarry.
The camp was reopened on 1 October 1939 to house Polish generals and their staffs captured during the German September 1939 offensive. On 15 May 1940 most of them were transferred to Oflag IV-B Koenigstein.
By September 1940 the prisoners at the camp were mainly French, with 100 officers up the rank of colonel, and 28 generals. There were also seven Dutch and 27 Polish generals, with orderlies. By the end of October 1940 all these prisoners had been transferred to other camps, and the castle was then used to accommodate evacuee children from Hamburg and Berlin.
German records indicate the camp was in existence until April 1945.
Post-war it housed refugees and displaced persons until 1948.

## Prominent inmates

* General Juliusz Rómmel
* General Tadeusz Kutrzeba
* General Walerian Czuma
* General Edmund Knoll-Kownacki
* General Franciszek Kleeberg
* General Emil Krukowicz-Przedrzymirski (7 July - 29 October 1940)
# 1935 Tour of Flanders

The 19th edition of the Tour of Flanders cycling classic race was held on Sunday, 14 April 1935. Belgian Louis Duerloo won the Monument. Of the 140 starting cyclists, 28 reached the finish.

## Route

The race started in Ghent and covered 260 km on the way to the finish in Wetteren.
The course featured 3 categorized climbs:
* Kwaremont
* Kruisberg
* Edelareberg

## Race report

Louis Duerloo won in the sprint ahead of his breakaway companions in Wetteren. Compatriots Éloi Meulenberg and Cornelius Leemans completed the podium. Duerloo finished the race with an average of 34.899 km/h.

## General classification
### Final general classification

| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
| 1 | Louis Duerloo (BEL) | Genial Lucifer | 7h 27' 00" |
| 2 | Éloi Meulenberg (BEL) | Alcyon–Dunlop | s.t. |
| 3 | Cornelius Leemans (BEL) | Genial Lucifer | s.t. |
| 4 | Joseph Moerenhout (BEL) | Dilecta–Wolber | s.t. |
| 5 | Gerrit Van De Ruit (NED) | Dossche Sport | s.t. |
| 6 | Léopold Roosemont (BEL) | Colin–Wolber | s.t.| |
| 7 | Jules Lowie (BEL) | Genial Lucifer | s.t. |
| 8 | Edgard De Caluwé (BEL) | Dilecta–Wolber | + 2'00" |
| 9 | Frans van Hassel (BEL) | Genial Lucifer | s.t. |
| 10 | Gaston Rebry (BEL) | Alcyon–Dunlop | + 2'15" |
# Marie Nicolas Sylvestre Guillon

Marie Nicolas Sylvestre Guillon (January 1, 1760, Paris – October 16, 1847, Montfermeil), was a French ecclesiastic, and librarian.
He was a librarian and almoner in the household of the princesse de Lamballe. After she was killed in 1792, he fled to the provinces, where, under the name of Pastel, he practiced medicine.
A man of facile conscience, he afterward served in turn under Napoleon, the House of Bourbon and the House of Orléans and became canon of St Denis, bishop of Morocco and dean of the Sorbonne.
In May 1831, he administered Extreme Unction to the republican Abbé Grégoire despite the opposition of Hyacinthe-Louis de Quélen, Archbishop of Paris.

## Selected bibliography

Among his many literary works were a Collection, des brefs du pape Pie VI (1798), Bibliothèque choisie des Pères de l'Église grecque et latine (1822–28, 26 vols. ; reprint 1828–29, 36 vols.) and a French translation of Cyprian with notes (1837, 2 vol.).
* Epître catholique sur le nouveau serment (1791)
* Collection ecclésiastique, ou Recueil complet des ouvrages faits depuis l'ouverture des États généraux, relativement au clergé, à sa constitution civile, dirigée par M. l'abbé Barruel, avec le concours de l'abbé M.-N.-S. Guillon (14 volumes, 1791–1793)
* Parallèle des révolutions (1792)
* Entretiens sur le suicide, ou Courage philosophique opposé au courage religieux, et réfutation des principes de Jean-Jacques Rousseau, de Montesquieu, de Madame de Staël, etc., en faveur du suicide (1802)
* Éloge de M. d'Orléans de Lamotte, évêque d'Amiens, suivi de notes historiques (1809)
* Promenade des Tuileries, ou Notice historique et critique des monuments du jardin des Tuileries, dans laquelle sont relevées les erreurs commises dans les précédentes descriptions, suivie d'une notice sur le Louvre et autres monuments. Nouvelle édition, avec estampes et spécimen des écritures de Henri IV et de S. A. R. monseigneur le duc de Berry (2nd edition, 1821)
* Bibliothèque choisie des Pères de l'Église grecque et latine, ou Cours d'éloquence sacrée (36 volumes, 1822–1829)
* Histoire générale de la philosophie ancienne et moderne jusqu'à nos jours, ou Supplément à la Bibliothèque choisie des pères grecs et latins (2 volumes, 1835)
* Histoire de la nouvelle hérésie du XIXe siècle, ou Réfutation complète des ouvrages de l'abbé de La Mennais (3 volumes, 1835)
* Modèles de l'éloquence chrétienne en France, après Louis XIV, ou Année apostolique, précédée d'un discours préliminaire, contenant l'histoire abrégée de la prédication en France, depuis saint-Bernard jusqu'à nos jours (2 volumes, 1837)
* Manuel chrétien des enfants (1839)
* Examen critique des doctrines de Gibbon, du Dr Strauss et de M. Salvador, sur Jésus-Christ, son Évangile et son Église (2 volumes, 1841)
* Pèlerinage de Dreux (1846)
# JoJo Polk

Joseph Polk (born August 31, 1978) is a former American football defensive back.
In his rookie season in af2 with the Tulsa Talons, Polk tripped over a fallen receiver and slammed headfirst into the padded wall that lines the field. The impact broke his C-6 vertebra, leaving him paralyzed, and unable to move his legs and temporarily without feeling in his hands. He was told that he would not be able to walk again, but he was able to get himself into a healthy enough condition to be able to play football again.
Polk went on to spend 8 years as a player in the Arena Football League. He won the 2001 Most Inspirational Player of the Year after playing his rookie season. He has also won 2 American Indoor Football Association championships playing for both the Canton Legends and the Reading Express.
# Senator Edmonds

Senator Edmonds may refer to:
* Beth Edmonds (born 1950), Maine State Senate
* John W. Edmonds (1799–1874), New York State Senate
# Rierguscha viridipennis

Rierguscha viridipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bruch in 1925.
# John I, Count of Sponheim-Kreuznach

John I, Count of Sponheim-Kreuznach (born 1245-1250; 28 January 1290) was a German nobleman. As eldest son he succeeded his father Simon I and was himself succeeded by his eldest son Simon II.
* This article about a member of the German nobility is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Renouveau municipal

The Renouveau municipal (RM) was a political party in Montréal-Nord, a suburban community of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
The RM was led by longtime Montréal-Nord mayor Yves Ryan and was the city's governing party for many years. Its dominance of the municipal political scene was significant: it won every seat on council in every municipal election from at least 1978 until Montréal-Nord was amalgamated into the new city of Montreal in 2001. Party candidates seldom faced significant challenges from opposition parties or independent candidates.
Yves Ryan was an opponent of Montréal-Nord's amalgamation with Montreal, and he did not seek a position on city council in the 2001 municipal elections. The RM ceased to exist after this time.
# Mariapolis

Mariapolis may refer to:
* Mariápolis, a municipality in São Paulo, Brazil
* Mariapolis, Manitoba, an unincorporated community
# Cuzick–Edwards test

In statistics, the Cuzick–Edwards test is a significance test whose aim is to detect the possible clustering of sub-populations within a clustered or non-uniformly-spread overall population. Possible applications of the test include examining the spatial clustering of childhood leukemia and lymphoma within the general population, given that the general population is spatially clustered.
The test is based on:
   * using control locations within the general population as the basis of a second or "control" sub-population in addition to the original "case" sub-population;
   * using "nearest-neighbour" analyses to form statistics based on either:
   ** the number of other "cases" among the neighbours of each case;
   ** the number "cases" which are nearer to each given case than the k-th nearest "control" for that case.
An example application of this test was to spatial clustering of leukaemias and lymphomas among young people in New Zealand.
# Kiloniellaceae

The Kiloniellaceae are a family of bacteria from the order Rhodospirillales.
# Senator Early

Senator Early may refer to:
* Edward Early (born 1935), Pennsylvania State Senate
* John Early (politician) (1828–1877), Illinois State Senate
* Nathaniel B. Early (1866–1947), Virginia State Senate
* Peter Early (1773–1817), Georgia State Senate
# Filotex

Filotex was an Italian professional cycling team that existed from 1963 to 1980. The team's main sponsor from 1976 to 1980 was Italian food producer Sanson.

## History

Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, Filotex riders such as Italo Zilioli, Ugo Colombo, and Franco Bitossi consistently placed in the top 10 at the Giro d'Italia. At the 1969 Giro, Zilioli, Colombo, and Bitossi placed in the top 10 of the general classification, with Bitossi winning the points classification.
# Oenopota elegans

Oenopota elegans is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 10 mm and 18 mm, its diameter 6 mm.
The shell is white, under a yellowish periostracum. It contains six or more obtusely shouldered whorls. The apex is decorticated. The suture is appressed. The axial sculpture consists on the earlier whorls of about 18 protractively oblique rounded ribs, slightly angulate at the shoulder, feeble on the fasciole and crossing the whorls except on the body whorl where they gradually become obsolete. The whole surface is spirally sculptured with fine close-set threads, here and there one a little more prominent than the rest, others near the siphonal canal coarser. The anal sulcus is wide and shallow. The outer lip is arcuate. The inner lip is erased. The siphonal canal is moderately long and slightly recurved.

## Distribution

This marine species is circumarctic and also occurs in European waters, the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, and the Gulf of Maine.
# John I, Count of Sponheim-Starkenburg

John I, Count of Sponheim (born before 1206; died 1266) was a German count. He was son of Gottfried III, and ruled from 1218 to his death. He married a daughter of Frederick of Isenberg, among their children are Henry I, who inherited Sponheim-Starkenburg, and Gottfried I, who inherited Sayn.
| Preceded byGottfried III | Count of Sponheim 1218-1266 | Succeeded byHenry I |
| Preceded byAdelheid | Count of Sayn 1263-1266 | Succeeded byGottfried I |
* This article about a member of the German nobility is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Resident Aliens

Resident Aliens: Life in the Christian Colony is a 1989 book authored by the theologians Stanley Hauerwas and William Willimon. The book discusses the nature of the church and its relationship to surrounding culture. It argues that churches should focus on developing Christian life and community rather than attempting to reform secular culture. Hauerwas and Willimon reject the idea that America or any other country is a Christian nation, instead believing that Christians should see themselves as "resident aliens" in a foreign land, using the metaphor of a colony to describe the church. Instead of conforming the world to the gospel or the gospel to the world, they believe that Christians should focus on conforming to the gospel themselves.
Hauerwas and Willimon proceed to discuss ethics and the relationship between Christianity and politics, critiquing the notion that Christians, or the church as a whole, should attempt to transform secular governments or get overly involved in politics in an attempt to change society. Instead, the role of Christians is to live lives which model the love of Christ. Rather than trying to convince others to change their ethics or redefine their ethics, Christians should model a new set of ethics which are grounded in the life, death, and resurrection of Christ. Churches, therefore, should be places which help cultivate and grow disciples.
In 1996 a sequel was published entitled Where Resident Aliens Live: Exercises for Christian Practice (ISBN 0-687-01605-3).
# 1975 Tour of Flanders

The 59th running of the Tour of Flanders cycling race in Belgium was held on Sunday 6 April 1975. Belgian Eddy Merckx won the classic a second time. The race started in Ghent and finished in Meerbeke (Ninove).

## Course

World champion Eddy Merckx concluded his second win after another memorable raid to the finish. Merckx broke clear from the peloton on the Oude Kwaremont together with fellow Belgian Frans Verbeeck with 104 km to ride. Merckx and Verbeeck continued working for the remainder of the course, until Merckx distanced his worn-out companion in Denderwindeke, 6 km before the finish in Meerbeke. The best of the other riders came in at more than five minutes.

## Climbs

There were eight categorized climbs:
| Oude Kwaremont Nieuwe Kruisberg Taaienberg Eikenberg | Volkegemberg Varent Muur Bosberg |

## Results

| | Cyclist | Team | Time |
| 1 | Eddy Merckx (BEL) | Molteni | 6h 16' 00" |
| 2 | Frans Verbeeck (BEL) | Maes–Watneys | + 13" |
| 3 | Marc Demeyer (BEL) | Flandria–Carpenter | + 5'02" |
| 4 | Walter Planckaert (BEL) | Maes–Watneys | + 5'08" |
| 5 | Rik Van Linden (BEL) | Bianchi–Campagnolo | s.t. |
| 6 | Gerben Karstens (NED) | Gitane | s.t. |
| 7 | Staf Van Roosbroeck (BEL) | Alsaver-Jeunet | s.t. |
| 8 | Freddy Maertens (BEL) | Flandria–Carpenter | s.t. |
| 9 | Roger Rosiers (BEL) | Super Ser | s.t. |
| 10 | Willem Peeters (BEL) | Maes–Watneys | s.t. |
# Mariapolis, Manitoba

Mariapolis AKA the Gateway to Nature, is an unincorporated community recognized as a local urban district located within the Municipality of Lorne in south central Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 67 kilometers (42 miles) northwest of Morden.
# Kazachevo

Kazachevo is a village in Lovech Municipality, Lovech Province, northern Bulgaria.