OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Scaly-naped pigeon

The scaly-naped pigeon (Patagioenas squamosa, syn. Columba squamosa), also known as the red-necked pigeon, is a bird belonging to the family Columbidae. The species occurs throughout the Caribbean.

## Description

The scaly-naped pigeon is a large slate grey pigeon (14–16 in), with maroon coloured plumage around the neck. The plumage on the species' nape appears scaly, explaining both the common and scientific names of the species. There is a bare patch of skin which surrounds the birds red eyes; this patch tends to be reddish in males and more yellow in females. The legs and the base of the bill of the species are red, while the remainder of the bill is light coloured.

## Distribution and habitat

The range of the scaly-naped pigeon includes both the Greater Antilles (except for Jamaica and the Bahamas) and the Lesser Antilles. The species tends to occur in rainforests, however they may also be found in drier lowland woodlands; the species is locally common near human settlements. The biodiversity of the species is threatened due to hunting in regions of the Caribbean, especially considering their high abundance in Puerto Rico. This species has also declined due to hurricanes, affecting the vegetation and environment of their surroundings, leading to a decline in population.

## Behaviour

Scaly-naped pigeons are usually found alone or in small groups. They feed in trees and on the ground and often mix with the Rock dove, Eared dove and the Zenaida dove. Like most doves they are wary and will flee if they feel in danger.

### Reproduction

The scaly-naped pigeon lays one to two eggs in a nest constructed mostly in trees.

### Diet

The species feeds primarily on the fruits and seeds of trees.
# List of members of the Senate of Canada (O)
## List of members of the Senate of Canada

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
| Senator | Lifespan | Party | Prov. | Entered | Left | Appointed by | Left due to | For life? |
| James O'Brien | 1836–1903 | LC | QC | 2 January 1896 | 28 May 1903 | Bowell | Death | Y |
| Michael John O'Brien | 1851–1940 | C | ON | 1 September 1918 | 1 September 1925 | Borden | Resignation | Y |
| Frank Patrick O'Connor | 1885–1939 | C | ON | 6 December 1935 | 21 August 1939 | King | Death | Y |
| William Hunter Odell | 1811–1891 | C | NB | 23 October 1867 | 25 July 1891 | Royal proclamation | Death | Y |
| John O'Donohoe | 1824–1902 | LC | ON | 21 May 1882 | 7 December 1902 | Macdonald | Death | Y |
| Kelvin Ogilvie | 1942–present | C | NS | 27 August 2009 | 6 November 2017 | Harper | Retirement | |
| Victor Oh | 1949–present | C | ON | 25 January 2013 | 9 June 2024 | Harper | Retirement | |
| Clement O'Leary | 1916–1969 | PC | NS | 25 September 1962 | 12 June 1969 | Diefenbaker | Death | Y |
| Grattan O'Leary | 1888–1976 | PC | ON | 24 September 1962 | 7 April 1976 | Diefenbaker | Death | Y |
| Alexander Walker Ogilvie | 1829–1902 | C | QC | 24 December 1881 | 18 January 1901 | Macdonald | Resignation | Y |
| Donald Oliver | 1938–present | C | NS | 7 September 1990 | 16 November 2013 | Mulroney | Retirement | |
| Louis Auguste Olivier | 1816–1881 | C | QC | 23 October 1867 | 8 September 1873 | Royal proclamation | Resignation | Y |
| Bud Olson | 1925–2002 | C | AB | 5 April 1977 | 7 March 1996 | Trudeau, P. | Resignation | |
| Ratna Omidvar | 1949–present | NA | ON | 1 April 2016 | — | Trudeau, J. | — | |
| Gigi Osler | 1968–present | | MB | 26 September 2022 | — | Trudeau, J. | — | |
| Gerry Ottenheimer | 1934–1998 | PC | NL | 30 December 1987 | 18 January 1998 | Mulroney | Death | |
| Manuelle Oudar | 1963–present | | QC | 13 February 2024 | — | Trudeau, J. | — | |
| William Owens | 1840–1917 | C | QC | 2 January 1896 | 8 June 1917 | Bowell | Death | Y |
* ↑ C=Conservative, L=Liberal, LC=Liberal-Conservative, PC=Progressive Conservative.
# Leptuca batuenta

Leptuca batuenta, commonly known as the beating fiddler crab, is a species of fiddler crab native to the tropical eastern Pacific, from El Salvador to northern Peru.

## Taxonomy

Previously a member of the genus Uca, the species was transferred in 2016 to the genus Leptuca when Leptuca was promoted from subgenus to genus level.

## Description

This crab is very small; carapace width is approximately 7 millimetres (0.28 in) in adult males and 5 millimetres (0.20 in) in adult females. Both sexes have a pale brown to yellow carapace with some white marbling. Individuals may have green eyestalks.

## Habitat

The species can be found on open mudflats and among unshaded mangrove roots. It prefers mud substrate.
# Journal of Soft Computing in Civil Engineering

The Journal of Soft Computing in Civil Engineering is a quarterly peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal covering soft computing applications in civil engineering. It was established in 2017 and is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics. The editor-in-chief is Hosein Naderpour. The journal is indexed and abstracted in Scopus.
# Dharmaram

Dharmaram may refer to:
* Pragathi Dharmaram also earlier called as D. Dharmaram is a village in Ramayampet mandal of Medak District of Telangana
* Dharmaram College, seminary in Bangalore, commonly known only as 'Dharamaran'
* Dharmaram, Peddapalli district in Peddapalli district, Andhra Pradesh
# Henry Feffer

Henry Leon Feffer (January 15, 1918 – May 9, 2011) of Bethesda, Maryland, was an American neurosurgeon. In the mid-1950s, he was one of the first medical doctors to systematically test whether low-back pain could be relieved with epidural injections of hydrocortisone. Today, physicians routinely give such injections before resorting to more invasive surgery. He was a Washington, D.C. spinal surgeon for more than four decades whose patients included Saddam Hussein.

## Early life and childhood

Feffer was born on January 15, 1918, in New York City.

## Education

Feffer graduated from Indiana University, and from the Indiana University School of Medicine. His orthopedic surgery internship was in The Gallinger Municipal Hospital in Washington, D.C. which later became, the now defunct, District of Columbia General Hospital.

## Career

Feffer was an emeritus professor at George Washington University Medical School.

## Death

Feffer died on May 9, 2011, of congestive heart failure at the age of 93.
# Ribeaucourt

Ribeaucourt may refer to the following places in France:
* Ribeaucourt, Meuse, a commune in the Meuse department
* Ribeaucourt, Somme, a commune in the Somme department
# Collette Chilton

Collette Chilton is an American businesswoman and the current Chief Investment Officer of the Williams College Investment Office. Previously, she was the Chief Investment Officer and President of Lucent Asset Management Corporation.

## Early life

Chilton grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area. Chilton attended the University of California, Berkeley, and graduated with a degree in political economy of natural resources in 1981. She graduated from Dartmouth’s Amos Tuck School of Business Administration in 1986.

## Career

Before working at the Williams College Investment Office, Chilton was Chief Investment Officer and President of Lucent Asset Management Corporation. At Lucent, Chilton managed over $40 billion in funds. Before Lucent, Chilton served as Chief Investment Officer of both the Massachusetts State Teachers’ and Employees’ Retirement Systems Trust and the Pension Reserves Investment Management Board. Before this, Chilton worked for both Citicorp Investment Bank and First National Bank of Boston.
As Chief Investment Officer, Chilton oversees the process of selecting managers for each asset class in the Williams endowment portfolio. The endowment has grown substantially in the last 10 years under Chilton, except for the years of the financial crisis and recovery: the fund returned, for example, -18.4% in 2009. Last year, the portfolio returned 9.9% with an objective of 5%. In the last 3 years, the portfolio has returned 14.1% with an objective of 6.3%.
Pam Peedin, Dartmouth's Chief Investment Officer, called Chilton "one of the real leaders in our field" in an interview with the Tuck School of Business.

## Personal life

Chilton is currently chair of the board of The Investment Fund for Foundations Advisory Services and on the board of the Center for Private Equity and Entrepreneurship at Tuck. She is also on the investment committees of the Edna McConnell Clark Foundation and Dartmouth College. Previously, Chilton served on the board of governors of NASDAQ OMX BX.
Chilton lives in Boston with her husband, Court Chilton, who is a senior lecturer at MIT's Sloan School of Management.
# Saint-Pierre-du-Fresne

Saint-Pierre-du-Fresne (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.
# Schmalenseeia

Schmalenseeia is genus of trilobites of uncertain affinity, that lived during the middle Middle to earliest Upper Cambrian (Tomagnostus fissus/Ptychagnostus atavus- to Agnostus pisiformis-zone). Species assigned to Schmalenseeia have been found in Norway, Sweden, Northern Siberia, Eastern China, Australia (Tasmania), India (Himalayas) and the United Kingdom.

## Etymology

Schmalenseeia was named in honor of C.G. von Schmalensee, who collected the first specimen.
* The species epithet arthrotryphe is derived from the Ancient Greek 'athroos' meaning "crowded" and 'tryphos', "part", referring to the large number of segments.

## Taxonomy

The first species of Schmalenseeia to occur in the fossil record, S. acutangula, must have developed from an early species of Burlingia. It is intermediate between the two genera. The affinities of the family Burlingiidae to which Schmalenseeia has been assigned remain uncertain. Schmalenseeia shares many features with Kleptothule, such as a glabella tapering forward and a prominent preglabellar ridge, but a close relationship seems unlikely due to the apparent lack of facial sutures and the much earlier appearance in the fossil record of Kleptothule.

### Species previously assigned to Schmalenseeia

* S. jagoi = Burlingia jagoi

## Description

Like all burlingiids, Schmalenseeia is small (less than 1 cm long), has an overall ovate shape, proparian facial sutures, and raised anterior borders of the pleura. Schmalenseeia has between 7 and 9 thorax segments, while Burlingia has between 10 and 15. In Burlingia it is however difficult to determine where the thorax meets the pygidium, particularly because uniquely, the pleurae of the pygidium are not fused. All Schmalenseeia-species with the exception of S. acutangula have a glabella that tapers forward, and is connected with the anterior border by a ridge (the so-called plectrum).

## Distribution

* S. acutangula is known from the Middle Cambrian of (''Tomagnostus fissus/Ptychagnostus atavus-zone, )
* S. amphionura has been found in the Upper Cambrian (lower Agnostus pisiformis-zone) of India (the Hymalayas), Sweden (Jämtland, Scania and Gotland), the United Kingdom (Nuneaton District).
* S. arthrotryphe occurs in the Upper Cambrian of (Agnostus pisiformis-zone, Alum shale Formation, near Bråstad on Lake Mjøsa, Ringsaker District, Norway).
* S. gostiensis is known from the Middle Cambrian of Australia (Lejopyge laevigata-zone, Tasmania).
* S. longa was excavated from the Middle Cambrian of Eastern China (Lejopyge laevigata-zone).
* S. sinensis is present in the Middle Cambrian of Eastern China (Lejopyge laevigata-zone, Paibi section, Huaqiao Formation, Hunan, 28.4° N, 109.5° E).
* S. spinulosa occurs in the Upper Cambrian of Northern Siberia (Agnostus pisiformis-zone).
* S. transversa is present in the Middle Cambrian of Eastern China (Lejopyge laevigata-zone).
# Książka i Wiedza

Książka i Wiedza ("Book and Knowledge") is a Polish publishing house founded in 1948, soon after World War II. As of the mid-2010s it has published over 13,000 titles.
In communist Poland it was the leading state publisher of books about politics and history. Książka i Wiedza now publishes non-fiction popular science books for the general reader, encyclopedias, dictionaries, history, philosophy, economy and self-help books on physical and psychological wellness. Its popular authors include Max Weber, Karl Raimund Popper, Bertrand Russell, Ludwik Bazylow [pl], Andrzej Zahorski, Henryk Samsonowicz, Nina Andrycz, and Jacek Pałkiewicz.
Its current editor-in-chief and president is Włodzimierz Gałąska.
# Leptozestis toreutica

Leptozestis toreutica is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1897. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from New South Wales.
# Journal of Sound and Vibration

The Journal of Sound and Vibration is a scientific journal in the field of acoustics. It is published by Elsevier. The journal is devoted to the prompt publication of original papers, both theoretical and experimental, that provide new information on any aspect of sound or vibration.
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 4.7.
# Kémoko Camara

Kémoko Camara (born 4 May 1975) is a Guinean former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He played for the Guinea national team between 1998 and 2013.

## Club career

Camara was born in Conakry, Guinea.
In early March 2008, Camara signed a short-term deal with Dundee United of the Scottish Premier League, but despite being listed as a substitute on several occasions did not make a first team appearance and was released at the end of the season.
In December 2008, he played a competitive trial match for East Stirlingshire, after manager Jim McInally had previously had him on trial at Greenock Morton.
After leaving Ochilview Park, Camara moved to France to play with SO Cholet who won the sixth division (Division d'Honneur Atlantique) in France in the 2008–09 season.

## International career

Camara was part of the Guinea team at the 2004 African Nations Cup, who finished second in their group in the first round of competition, before losing in the quarter finals to Mali. He was also selected in the Guinean 2008 African Nations Cup team, starting the first game against hosts Ghana.
# Stigmodera macularia

Stigmodera macularia, is a species of beetle in the family Buprestidae restricted to Southeastern Australia.

## Description

Stigmodera macularia have yellow elytra with a deeply pitted surface. The puncturations are colored in black and the pronotum is dark.

## Gallery

* Stigmodera macularia

## Distribution

This species can be found mainly in Victoria and New South Wales.
# Ferdynand

Ferdynand is a Polish variant of the Germanic name Ferdinand. Ferdynand means "bold protector".

## People named Ferdynand

Ferdynand is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Ferdynand Antoni Ossendowski (1876–1945), Polish writer, journalist, traveller, explorer and university professor
* Ferdynand Arczyński (1900–1979), founding member of Żegota in German-occupied Poland (1942–1945)
* Ferdynand Radziwiłł (1834–1926), Polish nobleman and Polish-German politician
* Ferdynand Ruszczyc (1870–1936), Polish painter, printmaker, and stage designer
* Ferdynand Zarzycki (1888–1958), Polish general and politician
* Karol Ferdynand Vasa (1613–1655), Prince-Bishop of Breslau/Wrocław, bishop of Płock and Duke of Oppeln Opole
* Stanisław Ferdynand Rzewuski (1737–1786), Polish noble (szlachcic)
# Collette

Collette is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

## Surname

* Anthony Colette [fr] (born 1995), French dancer and artist
* Bruce Baden Collette (born 1934), American ichthyologist
* Buddy Collette (1921–2010), American jazz musician
* Toni Collette (born 1972), Australian actress, producer, singer, and songwriter
* Yann Collette (born 1956), French actor

## Given name

* Collette Cassidy, former primetime newsbreak anchor for MSNBC
* Collette Coullard, American mathematician
* Collette McCallum (born 1986), Australia women's football player
* Collette Roberts, Australian singer, who performed under the stage name Collette
* Collette Stevenson, Scottish politician
# Sally R. Osberg

Sally R. Osberg an American business executive who formerly served as president and CEO of the Skoll Foundation, where she partnered with founder and chairman, Jeffrey Skoll. She was the founding executive director of the Children's Discovery Museum of San Jose.
Osberg joined the Skoll Foundation in February 2001. Since that time, the Foundation has invested in more than 100 ventures led by social entrepreneurs worldwide. Osberg also established the Skoll Centre for Social Entrepreneurship at the Saïd Business School of the University of Oxford; and created the annual Skoll Foundation.
Osberg received her B.A. in English from Scripps College and her M.A. in English and American Literature from the Claremont Graduate University. She now lives in Wayne, Pennsylvania.

## Publications and speeches

Osberg is the co-author of the book, Getting Beyond Better: How Social Entrepreneurship Works, with Roger L. Martin.
Osberg and Martin's 2007 article in Stanford Social Innovation Review, “Social Entrepreneurship: The Case for Definition”, advocated for “social entrepreneurship” as a legitimate and growing field of research.
Osberg has also written about social entrepreneurship for Harvard Business Review, Rotman magazine, Financial Times CNN, and others. She has been interviewed in Forbes, The Huffington Post, Bloomberg Television, and more. She has given keynote addresses and lectures at Santa Clara University, Stanford University, the Global Social Benefit Incubator, and the USC Price School of Public Policy.

## Organizations

* Skoll Foundation board of directors
* Skoll Global Threats Fund, board of directors
* Oracle Education Foundation, board of directors
* The Elders, Advisor
* Social Progress Imperative, Founding Board Member
* Partners for Sustainable Development, board of directors

## Awards

* 2015 NonProfit Times Top 50 Power and Influence awardees
* John W. Gardner Leadership Award from the American Leadership Forum
* Magis Global Changemaker Award from Santa Clara University
# D. Kern Holoman

Dallas Kern Holoman (born September 8, 1947) is an American musicologist and conductor, particularly known for his scholarship on the life and works of Hector Berlioz.

## Life and career

Holoman was born in Raleigh, North Carolina on September 8, 1947, to W. Kern and Katherine Highsmith Holoman. He attended Duke University as an undergraduate, receiving his Bachelor of Arts in music in 1969. After receiving a Master of Fine Arts from Princeton University in 1971, he received a Fulbright Fellowship and embarked on his doctoral dissertation, Autograph Musical Documents of Hector Berlioz, c. 1818–1840. He joined the faculty of University of California, Davis as Acting Assistant Professor of Music in 1973 and the following year received his Ph.D. from Princeton. He remained at UC Davis for the rest of his academic career, becoming Professor of Music in 1981 and serving as the Chairman of the Music Department from 1980 to 1988. In 2000, he became the Barbara K. Jackson Professor of Orchestral Conducting. In July 2013, Holoman retired from full professorship, but continued to teach as of 2016.
In December 2017, Holoman relinquished the titles of professor emeritus and distinguished professor after being accused of sexually assaulting a student in 1987 at UC Davis. The university also revealed that Holoman was suspended for a month in 1997 over a different allegation of "unprofessional conduct" and told he could be fired if he violated the campus sexual harassment policy again. Action was also taken by the American Musicological Society's Board of Directors who condemned his misconduct and rescinded his honorary membership of the Society.

## Musicology

Holoman was one of the founding editors of the journal 19th-Century Music in 1977 (with Joseph Kerman and Robert Winter) and later served as its managing editor. His 1974 doctoral dissertation on Berlioz was the beginning of a what would be the focus of his musical scholarship for many years. The dissertation, with revisions and corrections, was published in 1980 as The Creative Process in the Autograph Musical Documents of Hector Berlioz, c. 1818–1840. In 1987, he published the first complete catalogue of the works of Hector Berlioz, and in 1989 he published Berlioz, his 687-page biography of the composer. He also edited the critical edition of the Roméo et Juliette score for the new edition of the complete works of Berlioz, published by Bärenreiter in 1990.
Holoman's interest in Berlioz and 19th century French orchestral music led to two further books—a comprehensive history of the Société des Concerts du Conservatoire (2004) and a biography of the conductor and champion of Berlioz's music, Charles Munch (2011).
# George Robert White Memorial

The George Robert White Memorial, also known as The Spirit of Giving, is an outdoor memorial commemorating George Robert White by sculptor Daniel Chester French and architect Henry Bacon, installed in Boston's Public Garden, in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The 1924 bronze sculpture depicts an allegorical winged female on a Rockport granite base, above an elliptical-shaped granite and pebble fountain. It was surveyed as part of the Smithsonian Institution's "Save Outdoor Sculpture!" program in 1993. The fountain was disabled in the 1980s and remained so until 2016 when it was repaired and restored by the Friends of the Public Garden at a cost of $700,000.
# Kunigami Seiya

Kunigami Aji Seiya (国頭 按司 正弥, 1591–1635), also known by his Chinese style name Ba Zuisai (馬 瑞彩), was a bureaucrat of Ryukyu Kingdom.
He was the sixth head of the aristocrat family called Kunigami Udun (国頭御殿). He was sent to Kagoshima as a hostage in 1614. Heard about the Siege of Osaka broke out, he requested to join the army, and received permission of Shimazu Iehisa. He wore wafuku and changed his name to Kunigami Samanokami (国頭左馬頭), and received weapons from Iehisa. Before he arrived the battlefield, the war ended. He sailed back to Ryukyu in 1616.