OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Prasophyllum validum

Prasophyllum validum, commonly known as the Mount Remarkable leek orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to South Australia. It has a single tubular leaf and up to forty five green to yellowish-green flowers with a white labellum. A similar leek orchid occurring in Victoria, previously included in this species, is known recognised as the undescribed Prasophyllum sp. aff. validum.

## Description

Prasophyllum validum is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single tube-shaped leaf 300–600 mm (10–20 in) long and 4–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. Between twenty and forty five flowers are arranged along a flowering spike 100–300 mm (4–10 in) long reaching to a height of 200–400 mm (8–20 in). The flowers are green to yellowish-green, about 15 mm (0.6 in) wide and fragrant. As with others in the genus, the flowers are inverted so that the labellum is above the column rather than below it. The dorsal sepal is lance-shaped, 10–13 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long and about 4 mm (0.2 in) wide. The lateral sepals are 12–15 mm (0.5–0.6 in) long, about 2 mm (0.08 in) wide and joined to each other except near the tips. The petals are 9–11 mm (0.35–0.43 in) long and about 2 mm (0.08 in) wide. The labellum is white, 8–9.5 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long, about 5 mm (0.2 in) wide and turns sharply upwards near its middle, the upturned part sharply pointed with wavy edges. There is a fleshy, shiny green callus in the centre of the labellum and extending almost to its tip. Flowering occurs in November and December.
A similar orchid found in Victoria, formerly included in this species, is now recognised as an undescribed species with the temporary name Prasophyllum sp. aff. validum.

## Taxonomy and naming

Prasophyllum validum was first formally described in 1927 by Richard Sanders Rogers and the description was published in Transactions, proceedings and report, Royal Society of South Australia. The specific epithet (validum) is a Latin word meaning "strong" or "sound".

## Distribution and habitat

The Mount Remarkable leek orchid grows in woodland on slopes and gullies in the Mount Remarkable National Park although it had a wider distribution in the past.

## Conservation

Prasophyllum validum (including Prasophyllum sp. aff. validum) is listed as "Vulnerable" under the Commonwealth Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC) Act and under the South Australian National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972. In 2008 the total population in South Australia was estimated to be about 1500 plants. The species was formerly known from other populations but the last of these was seen in 1994. The main threats to the population are competition from weeds, grazing by kangaroos, rabbits and livestock and by vehicles and machine use near roadsides.
# Poyntonophrynus lughensis

Poyntonophrynus lughensis, also known as the lugh toad or the lugh pygmy toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found in Somalia, northern and eastern Kenya, eastern, central and southern Ethiopia, and extreme southeastern South Sudan. Its natural habitat is very dry savanna. It breeds after the beginning of the rains in temporarily flooded hollows, including roadside ditches. The main threat to this species environmental degradation caused by human expansion and settlement, with increased populations of livestock as a consequence.
# Prayer for relief

A prayer for relief, in the law of civil procedure, is a portion of a complaint in which the plaintiff describes the remedies that the plaintiff seeks from the court. For example, the plaintiff may ask for an award of compensatory damages, punitive damages, attorney's fees, an injunction to make the defendant stop a certain activity, or all of these. The request for a specific amount of money may be referred to as an ad damnum clause.
# Ed Chlebek

Edward S. Chlebek (born February 9, 1940) is an American former gridiron football player and coach. He served as the head coach at Eastern Michigan University (1976–1977), Boston College (1978–1980), and Kent State University (1981–1982), compiling a career college football record of 26–51.

## Playing career

Chlebek played college football as a quarterback at Western Michigan University from 1959 to 1961. He passed for 2,290 yards in his career with the Western Michigan Broncos, including 1,109 as a senior in 1961. In 1963, Chlebek played for the New York Jets of the American Football League (AFL). He was inducted into Western Michigan University Athletic Hall of Fame.

## Coaching career

Chlebek came to Eastern Michigan from the University of Notre Dame, where he was an assistant under Dan Devine and coached future Pro Football Hall of Fame quarterback Joe Montana. At Eastern Michigan, he compiled a 10–12 record from 1976 to 1977. At Boston College, he tallied a 12–21 mark and coached the only winless season in the program's history, a 0–11 campaign in 1978. From 1981 to 1982, he coached Kent State to a 4–18 record. He ended his college career on a 12-game losing streak. From Kent State he went to the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League as the offensive coordinator in 1983. The Argonauts won the Grey Cup in 1983.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| Eastern Michigan Hurons (Mid-American Conference) (1976–1977) ||||||
| 1976 | Eastern Michigan | 2–9 | 1–5 | 9th |
| 1977 | Eastern Michigan | 8–3 | 4–3 | T–4th |
| Eastern Michigan: | Eastern Michigan: | 10–12 | 5–8 | |
| Boston College Eagles (NCAA Division I-A independent) (1978–1980) ||||||
| 1978 | Boston College | 0–11 | | |
| 1979 | Boston College | 5–6 | | |
| 1980 | Boston College | 7–4 | | |
| Boston College: | Boston College: | 12–21 | | |
| Kent State Golden Flashes (Mid-American Conference) (1981–1982) ||||||
| 1981 | Kent State | 4–7 | 3–6 | 7th |
| 1982 | Kent State | 0–11 | 0–9 | 10th |
| Kent State: | Kent State: | 4–18 | 3–15 | |
| Total: | Total: | 26–51 | | |
# Prado, Tolima

Prado (Spanish pronunciation:) is a municipality in the Tolima department of Colombia. The population of the municipality was 9,291 as of the 1993 census.

## Climate

Climate data for Prado (Pst de Monta), elevation 349 m (1,145 ft), (1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 33.1 (91.6) | 33.4 (92.1) | 32.7 (90.9) | 32.4 (90.3) | 32.6 (90.7) | 33.2 (91.8) | 34.2 (93.6) | 35.0 (95.0) | 34.5 (94.1) | 33.2 (91.8) | 32.0 (89.6) | 32.2 (90.0) | 33.2 (91.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 28.0 (82.4) | 28.0 (82.4) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.5 (81.5) | 27.6 (81.7) | 27.8 (82.0) | 28.2 (82.8) | 29.0 (84.2) | 28.8 (83.8) | 28.0 (82.4) | 27.5 (81.5) | 27.6 (81.7) | 28.0 (82.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.2 (72.0) | 22.4 (72.3) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.5 (72.5) | 21.9 (71.4) | 21.3 (70.3) | 21.6 (70.9) | 22.0 (71.6) | 22.2 (72.0) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.4 (72.3) | 22.2 (72.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 98.5 (3.88) | 137.1 (5.40) | 209.3 (8.24) | 193.5 (7.62) | 139.5 (5.49) | 61.4 (2.42) | 39.4 (1.55) | 38.6 (1.52) | 116.8 (4.60) | 240.5 (9.47) | 251.6 (9.91) | 207.3 (8.16) | 1,714.1 (67.48) |
| Average precipitation days | 8 | 10 | 13 | 14 | 11 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 9 | 14 | 15 | 12 | 122 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 77 | 76 | 77 | 79 | 79 | 76 | 72 | 66 | 69 | 75 | 79 | 79 | 75 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 201.5 | 163.7 | 148.8 | 138.0 | 148.8 | 162.0 | 179.8 | 182.9 | 162.0 | 176.7 | 171.0 | 186.0 | 2,021.2 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 6.5 | 5.8 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 5.5 |
| Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales ||||||||||||||
# Edmonton Boosters

Edmonton Boosters was a Canadian football team in the Alberta Rugby Football Union. The team played three seasons between 1930 and 1932 seasons.

## ARFU season-by-season

| Season | G | W | L | T | PF | PA | Finish |
| 1930 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 42 | 61 | 3rd |
| 1931 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 20 | 24 | 2nd |
| 1932 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 17 | 7 | 2nd |
# Eduardo Contreras Mella

Eduardo Francisco Contreras Mella (7 February 1940 – 26 May 2024) was a Chilean lawyer, journalist, and politician. A member of the Communist Party, he served in the Chamber of Deputies from 1973 to 1977.
Contreras died in Santiago on 26 May 2024, at the age of 84.
# Editor's Note

Editor's Note (April 26, 1993 - December 12, 2022) was an American thoroughbred racehorse. He was sired by 1992 U.S. Champion 2 YO Colt Forty Niner, who in turn was a son of Champion sire Mr. Prospector and out of the mare Beware Of The Cat.
Trained by D. Wayne Lukas and ridden by René Douglas, who was given the assignment after Gary Stevens was injured, Editor's Note is best known for his classic stretch duel with Skip Away in the 1996 Belmont Stakes, beating Preakness Stakes winner Louis Quatorze, who was unplaced. This was the same race in which the Santa Anita Derby winner, Cavonnier, bowed a tendon and was unable to finish.
With the death of A.P. Indy on February 21, 2020, Editor's Note became the oldest living winner of the Belmont Stakes. Upon the death of Grindstone on March 22, 2022, Editor's Note became the oldest living winner of any of the Triple Crown races of thoroughbred racing.

## Retirement

Editor's Note was originally retired in 1997 to Overbrook Farm in Lexington, Kentucky, but was exported in 2004 to Argentina.
# Editions Librisme

The Editions Librisme is a publishing association founded in 2005 by Swiss publisher and business lawyer Louise Bonadio.

## About

The association specializes in promoting young talented authors.
Supported by the Loterie Romande, it organizes contests whose winners are then published. This way, the association has discovered authors such as Floriane Olivier who was later awarded the prestigious “Prix du jeune écrivain francophone”.
# Edmund Dease

Edmund Gerald Dease (6 September 1829 – 17 July 1904) was an Irish Home Rule League and Liberal politician.
He was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Queen's County at a by-election in 1870 as a Liberal candidate, and won the seat again in 1874 as a Home Rule candidate. He then held the seat until he stood down in 1880.
Dease was educated at Queen's University of Ireland where he achieved a Master of Arts. Throughout his life, he was also a Deputy Lieutenant, Justice of the Peace, Commissioner of National Education, and member of the senate at Royal University of Ireland. His daughter was the Irish language prayer collector Charlotte Dease.
# Preservation Act 2

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Christgau's Record Guide | B− |
| Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| The Great Rock Discography | 3/10 |
| Pitchfork | 9.5/10 |
Preservation Act 2 is a 1974 concept album by the English rock band the Kinks, and their thirteenth studio album. It sold poorly (peaking on the Billboard Top LPs & Tape chart at No. 114), and received a mixed response among critics. Ken Emerson, in Rolling Stone, held up the album as an "underrated" one in the Kinks' repertoire.
Other critics were less charitable: The A.V. Club described it as "sprawling... with its radio announcements and melodramatic, sub-Andrew Lloyd Webber musical numbers, is a wash, the sound of a once-great band losing the plot." AllMusic referred to it as "a mess, an impenetrable jumble of story, theater, instrumentals, 'announcements,' unfinished ideas, guest singers, and, on occasion, a song or two."
The live performances of the material were much better received, with one critic going so far as to say that the Preservation shows were the first successful fusion of rock and roll with theater: "Ray Davies has finally pulled it off— the Kinks-based theatrical production of Preservation is a great rock concert and a perfectly coordinated musical."
The 1991 CD reissue on Rhino was a two-CD set combining Preservation Act 2 with its 1973 predecessor Preservation Act 1, but with no bonus tracks. The 1998 CD reissue of Act 2 on Velvel featured the outtake "Slum Kids", a popular live piece for the Kinks.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Ray Davies

## Personnel

The Kinks
* Ray Davies – vocals, guitar
* Dave Davies – guitar, vocals
* John Dalton – bass
* Mick Avory – drums
* John Gosling – keyboards
Additional personnel
* Maryann Price, Angi Girton, Pamela Travis, Sue Brown – vocals
* Christopher Timothy – "announcer" voice (chosen to mimic his adverts for The Sun)
* Chris Musk – "reporter at meeting" voice
* Alan Holmes – baritone saxophone, clarinet
* Laurie Brown – trumpet, flute, tenor saxophone
* John Beecham – trombone, flute
Technical
* Roger Beale – engineer
* Pat Doyle – art direction
* Bob Searles – design
* Jerry Preston – illustration
# Edmond Proulx

Edmond Proulx (May 21, 1875 – December 26, 1956) was an Ontario lawyer and political figure. He represented Prescott in the House of Commons of Canada as a Liberal member from 1904 to 1921 and in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as an Independent Liberal from 1923 to 1929.
He was born in Saint-Hermas, Quebec in 1875, the son of Isidore Proulx and Philomène Lalande, and grew up in Plantagenet, Ontario. Proulx studied at the Collège Bourget in Rigaud, Quebec, the University of Ottawa, St. Michael's College, Toronto and Osgoode Hall. He articled in Ottawa and Toronto, was called to the bar and set up practice in L'Orignal in 1904. He was elected to the House of Commons in the general election later that year after the death of his father. In 1907, he married Renée Audette. Proulx ran unsuccessfully for the Prescott seat as an Independent Liberal in 1921 but was elected to the provincial assembly two years later, defeating Gustave Évanturel, the official Liberal candidate. In 1929, he was named a judge for Sudbury district.
Proulx retired from the bench in 1950. He died in Sudbury at the age of 81.

## Electoral record

vte1904 Canadian federal election: Prescott :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal | Edmond Proulx | 2,388 |
| | Conservative | L. Charbonneau | 1,323 |
vte1908 Canadian federal election: Prescott :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal | Edmond Proulx | 2,527 |
| | Independent | Eugène-Grégoire Quesnel | 1,070 |
vte1911 Canadian federal election: Prescott :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal | Edmond Proulx | 2,532 |
| | Nationalist Conservative | Eugène-Grégoire Quesnel | 1,220 |
vte1917 Canadian federal election: Prescott :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Opposition (Laurier Liberals) | Edmond Proulx | 3,743 |
| | Government (Unionist) | Andrew Richard Metcalfe | 1,439 |
vte1921 Canadian federal election: Prescott :
| Candidate | Votes |
| Progressive | Joseph Binette | 3,661 |
| Independent Liberal | Edmond Proulx | 2,764 |
| Liberal | Amédée Sabourin | 2,359 |
# Edvard Hauff

Edvard Hauff (born 1948) is a Norwegian psychiatrist and Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry at the University of Oslo. He is known for his research on psychological trauma, forced migration, immigrants' mental health and global mental health. He spent years in Cambodia and is credited with building a psychiatric health service in the country.
Hauff was Director of the Psychosocial Team for Refugees in the Directorate of Health from 1986 to 1990 and later Director of its successor institution, the Psychosocial Centre for Refugees at the University of Oslo, from 2002 to 2004, when the institution was merged with three other institutions to become the Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies. He was Director of the Institute of Psychiatry at the University of Oslo from 2004 to 2009.
In 2008 he received the Fangenes Testamente peace prize.
# Precedence diagram method

The precedence diagram method (PDM) is a tool for scheduling activities in a project plan. It is a method of constructing a project schedule network diagram that uses boxes, referred to as nodes, to represent activities and connects them with arrows that show the dependencies. It is also called the activity-on-node (AON) method.
* Critical tasks, noncritical tasks, and slack time
* Shows the relationship of the tasks to each other
* Allows for what-if, worst-case, best-case and most likely scenario
Key elements include determining predecessors and defining attributes such as
* early start date
* late start date
* early finish date
* late finish date
* duration
* activity name
* WBS reference
Slack/Float: Determines the duration of activity delay that the project can tolerate before the project comes in late. The difference between the earliest and the latest start time.$^{:502}$$^{:183}$ i.e. Slack = latest start date - earliest start day or Slack = latest finish time - earliest finish time.
Any activities which have a slack of 0, they are on the critical path.
Different Precedence diagram Methods
* Arrow diagramming method
* Project network
* Critical-path method
* Gantt chart
* Program evaluation and review technique
# Edward L. Palmer

Dr. Edward L. Palmer (1933–1999) was a media educator, researcher, author, and advocate, with extensive international experience in media planning and applications. He was a native of Oregon, held a Ph.D. degree in Educational Measurement and Research Design from Michigan State University, and held university appointments at Florida State University, Harvard University, and the Annenberg School for Communications at the University of Pennsylvania.
Palmer shared in founding the Children's Television Workshop (CTW) and Sesame Street, beginning as a general researcher. He was vice president of research at CTW for 19 years.
While at CTW, Palmer played a role in the creation of three adult TV series – the Feeling Good health series, an adult drama series on U.S. history called The Best of Families, and the 50-episode Latin American Health Minutes – in addition to The Electric Company, a children's TV series on reading; 3-2-1 Contact, a children's TV series on science; and numerous overseas adaptations of Sesame Street.
More recently, Palmer participated as a producer of Al Manaahil ("The Sources"), a TV series created by CTW in Jordan to teach reading of Arabic to Arab children and adults, and was a consultant to the Johns Hopkins University Center for Communication Programs on the creation of The Equatorial Trilogy, three 75-minute made-for-TV feature films produced in Indonesia on the subject of health and the environment.
# Edmund Grey

Edmund Grey or Gray is the name of:
* Edmund Grey (MP for Lynn) (died 1547), MP for Lynn
* Edmund Grey (All My Children), fictional television character in U.S. soap opera, All My Children
* Edmund Grey, 1st Earl of Kent (1416–1490), English nobleman
* Edmund Dwyer Gray (1845–1888), Home Rule League MP in the Parliament of the United Kingdom and newspaper proprietor
** Edmund Dwyer-Gray (1870–1945), his son, also a politician and newspaper proprietor, who became Premier of Tasmania
* Edmund Gray (1878–1964), Australian politician
# Preble Township, Adams County, Indiana

Preble Township is one of twelve townships in Adams County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,037, down from 1,069 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 23.94 square miles (62.0 km$^2$), of which 23.85 square miles (61.8 km$^2$) (or 99.62%) is land and 0.08 square miles (0.21 km$^2$) (or 0.33%) is water.

### Unincorporated towns

* Magley
* Preble

### Adjacent townships

* Washington Township (southeast)
* Kirkland Township

### Cemeteries

The township contains the following cemeteries: Fuhrman (abandoned), Magley (also known as Salem or UCC), Mann, St. John Lutheran (Bingen), St. Paul Lutheran, and Zion Lutheran (Friedheim).

### Major highways

* US 27
* US 33
* US 224

### Rivers

* Saint Mary's River

## School districts

* North Adams Community Schools

## Political districts

* Indiana's 6th congressional district
* State House District 79
* State Senate District 19
# Prebreza

Prebreza (Serbian Cyrillic: Пребреза) is a village in the municipality of Blace, Serbia.
The Prebreza paleontological site is regarded an important European mammalian site of the Middle Miocene.
# Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongChongShin)

The Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongChongShin) was an offspring of the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongJinRi). It was founded in 1985. The church had 100 congregations and 12,000 members in 2004. It affirms the Apostles Creed and Westminster Confession.
# Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongJinRi)

The Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongJinRi) was founded in 1980, but the origin goes back to Pastor Hur Kwang-Jae, who founded the Gospel Seminary in 1976. This Seminary become the nucleus of the Presbyterian Church in Korea (BokUm). In 1979 a break occurred in the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDong), and they contacted the non-mainline part. But they soon separated, to maintain their own character. Finally in 1980 the HapDongJinRi was founded. It subscribes the Apostles Creed and the Westminster Confession. In 2004, the denomination had 44,747 in 397 congregations. Later Jan Jong-Hyun a pastor with his church separated and joined the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongJeongTong).
# Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongHwanWon)

The Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongHwanWon) is a result of the unification of 3 groups in 1983. HwanWon church united with the independent JungAng Presbytery and the JeongTong church. It subscribes the Apostles Creed and the Westminster Confession. In 2004 it had almost 10,000 members in 46 congregations served by 46 pastors.
# Edvard Peperko

Edvard Peperko (2 June 1966 – 27 June 1991) was a Slovene soldier.

## Life and death

Edvard Peperko was born in Kamnik and also lived in Domžale. He was one of the first to fall in Slovenia's Ten-Day War of independence. He was struck in the chest on 27 June 1991 by special forces in Trzin and severely wounded. An ambulance was called from Domžale to transport Peperko, but he died during transport near the Ljubljana suburb of Šentjakob ob Savi. He left behind a wife and two children.

## Distinctions and awards

In 1992, he was posthumously awarded the Order of Freedom of the Republic of Slovenia for “exceptional merit in the defense of freedom and establishing the sovereignty of the Republic of Slovenia.”

## Legacy

The Edvard Peperko Barracks in Ljubljana were named after Peperko in June 2012.
# Edvard Nielsen-Stevns

Edvard Nielsen-Stevns (21 May 1880 – 25 February 1949) was a Danish writer. His work was part of the literature event in the art competition at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
# Edoardo Vitale

Edoardo Vitale (29 November 1872 – 12 December 1937) was an Italian orchestral conductor. He was director of La Scala in substitution of Toscanini from 1908 to 1910, though he conducted most of his career at the Teatro Costanzi, now Teatro dell'Opera di Roma. His orchestration and conducting has been described as passionate.

## Biography

Vitale was born in Naples, Italy, in 1872. As a boy he went to Rome, and by the time he was 14 he was already directing some operettas at the Teatro Metastasio, garnering acclaim for his conducting. He studied at the Conservatorio Santa Cecilia in Rome. Starting from 1893, he was a professor at the Santa Cecilia.
From 1908 to 1910 he was a substitute of Toscanini at La Scala. He was the first to direct Richard Strauss' Elektra in Italy, which he directed at La Scala in 1909. He directed Cherubini's Médée in 1909, also at La Scala.
He conducted mostly at the Teatro Costanzi. He also conducted in foreign countries.
He was conductor of the orchestra of the lyrica company of Walter Moachi's company, which performed in Buenos Aires and Rio de Janeiro in 1925.
His son was Riccardo Vitale , who became Director of Rome Opera House from the 1940s to early 1970s.
# Edoardo Winspeare

Edoardo Carlo Winspeare Guicciardi (born 14 September 1965) is an Italian actor, screenwriter and film director. He has directed seven films since 1996.

## Selected filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2013 | Quiet Bliss | | director |
| 2010 | Noi credevamo | Nisco | actor |
| 2008 | Galantuomini | | director |