OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chalmer Ault

Chalmer Augustus Ault (July 10, 1900 – May 18, 1979) was an American professional football player who was a tackle and guard in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cleveland Bulldogs. Prior to his professional career, Ault played college football for the West Virginia Wesleyan Bobcats.
# Mhlengi Gwala

Mhlengi Gwala (born 12 April 1991) is an international elite triathlete from South Africa’s KwaZulu-Natal province. He was born in Durban, but considers his home town to be Chesterville.

## Career

Gwala has competed at international events since 2015:
* 2015 Chicago International Triathlon Union (ITU) Aquthlon World Championship (finished 24)
* 2015 ITU World Triathlon Grand Final Chicago (finished 57)
* 2017 ITU World Triathlon Grand Final Rotterdam (finished 47)

## Attack and injury

On 6 March 2018, Gwala was attacked on his pushbike by three men during a training ride before sunrise around Durban. The men pulled him from the bike and cut the calf of his right leg with a saw, damaging his muscles, nerves, and bone, then attacked his left leg. The attack continued even though he offered the attackers his wallet, mobile phone, and bike. The men departed and Gwala crawled to the road where he flagged down a car and was taken to a local hospital. Gwala said that the men spoke in a language he did not understand. Doctors were confident that his legs could be saved.
Within days, a crowdfunding effort had begun, with a goal of Rand 100,000 (about US$8,400) to “Get Mhlengi back on his bike”, by supporting his medical expenses‚ transportation‚ bike replacement and rehabilitation costs.
# Rotation (aeronautics)

In aviation, rotation refers to the action of applying back pressure to a control device, such as a yoke, side-stick or centre stick, to lift the nose wheel off the ground during takeoff. An aircraft moves at any given moment in one or more of three axes: roll (the axis that runs the length of the fuselage), pitch (the axis running laterally through the wings), and yaw (the vertical axis around which the front of the aircraft turns to the left or right whilst its rear turns toward the opposite direction). Displacement along any of these axes is a form of rotation, but the term "rotation" in relation to takeoff is limited to the moment during which the aircraft's nose rises from the ground: the aircraft rotates around its lateral axis.
The first critical speed during takeoff (at which a pilot must decide whether to continue with takeoff or abort it) is called the "decision speed", or V$_1$, beyond which it would be unsafe to abort the takeoff. Rotation is begun at the speed known as V$_R$. Rotation at the correct speed and to the correct angle is important for safety reasons and to minimise takeoff distance. After rotation, the aircraft continues to accelerate until it reaches its liftoff speed V$_{LO}$, at which point it leaves the runway. After liftoff, a speed V$_2$ will be called out, being the speed at which the aircraft is able to climb at a sufficient rate to reach its cruising altitude, and therefore at which the gear will be retracted. Early or over-rotation can cause a tailstrike, which can damage the underside of the tail unless prevented by a protection device such as a tailskid or tail bumper. A certification test is required to show that a new aircraft design will still take off safely with the tail dragging on the runway. Using a higher V$_R$ will increase tail clearance and reduce the probability of tailstrike. Over-rotation can also result in loss of lift, causing a stall.

## Description

Rotation applies to tricycle gear aircraft rather than those with conventional gear (tailwheel aircraft). The on-ground angle of attack of the wing has to be established during the design phase. The main and nose-gear leg lengths are chosen to give a negative angle of attack relative to the ground. This ensures the wing will have negative lift until the pilot rotates the aircraft to a positive angle of attack. During landing, the reverse happens when the nose-wheel touches the runway and the wing assumes a negative angle of attack with no lift.
For aircraft with a tailwheel, the pilot initially pushes forward on the yoke during the takeoff run, lifting the tailwheel off the runway, and the aircraft lifts off the runway once sufficient speed is achieved.
# Regions Trust

Regions Trust, formerly Regions Morgan Keegan Trust is the trust division of Regions Financial Corporation and its subsidiary Regions Wealth Management. The company, headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama and was created in 2002 when Regions Trust was combined with Morgan Keegan Trust to create Regions Morgan Keegan Trust. The division is made up of Regions Trust, Morgan Asset Management, and RMK Timberland Group.
# Laval-des-Rapides (disambiguation)

Laval-des-Rapides may refer to:
* Laval-des-Rapides
* Laval-des-Rapides (provincial electoral district), a provincial district in Montreal
* Laval Centre, an abolished federal district, was known as Laval-des-Rapides between 1976 and 1990
# Karl von Bock und Polach

Carl Friedrich Wilhelm von Bock und Polach or Karl von Bock und Polach (28 October 1840 - 29 January 1902) was a local German politician.
He was born in Mainz, Germany. He was elected as the Mayor of the city of Mülheim an der Ruhr in 1878 to 1895, where he died.
# St. Peter's Episcopal Church, Peterhead

St. Peter's Church is a Category B listed building located on Merchant Street in Peterhead, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It was founded in 1814 and incorporates a late-18th century house, which is believed to be the original rectory. Today's structure was built on the site of a 1798 church; it opened for worship on 24 December 1814; it was consecrated on 2 August 1857 by Bishop Suther. The church's architect was Robert Mitchell.
The church is part of the Diocese of Aberdeen and Orkney.

## History

The church is the seventh home for Peterhead's Episcopalian parish since their ejection from the parish kirk in 1699. The then-incumbent of the town was Alexander Barclay, who formed a meeting house in his own Port Henry Road house. During the ministry of Alexander Hepburn, his successor, a chapel was built near the head of the Broad Street in 1731. This chapel was destroyed on the orders of Lord Ancrum in May 1746. Services again reverted to being held in private residences thereafter.
Subsequent locations of the church:
* Chapel Street (from 1767)
* Geary's Close (on Broad Street)
* Merchant Street (original building) (from 1798)
* Merchant Street (today's building) (from 1814)
During the ministry of Gilbert Rorison (1845–1869), the church's apse was added, as well as the Torry Memorial Window. Its organ was built in 1867.
# Fukuyama Hachimangū

Fukuyama Hachimangū (福山八幡宮, Fukuyama Hachimangū) is a Shinto shrine located in Fukuyama, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. It is a Hachiman shrine, dedicated to the kami Hachiman. The kami it enshrines include Emperor Ōjin, Empress Jingū, and Himegami (比売神).
# Chandarlapadu

Chandarlapadu is a village in NTR district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Chandarlapadu mandal of Nandigama revenue division. It is one of the villages in the mandal to be a part of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region.
# John George Johnson

John George Johnson (1829–1896) was an English Conservative Party politician.
He was elected Conservative MP for Exeter in 1874 but was defeated at the following election in 1880.
During 1872, he was also High Sheriff of Devon. He married Frances Grace Brinckman, daughter of Sir Theodore Brinckman, 1st Baronet.
# Frank K. Mott

Frank Kanning Mott (January 21, 1866 – 1958) was the 35th mayor of Oakland, California.
Mott was born in San Francisco on January 21, 1866, but his family moved to nearby Oakland when he was two years old. His father, who worked for the Central Pacific Railroad (later Southern Pacific Railroad), died when he was 11. To support the family, Mott quit school and worked as a messenger boy for Western Union and then as a telephone operator, the first ever in Oakland, according to his obituary in the Tribune. He entered the hardware business as a clerk at the age of 16, eventually becoming the sole proprietor of Frank K. Mott Co. He entered politics in 1894 when then-Mayor George Pardee appointed him to the city council to fill H.P. Dalton's vacant seat. He went on to serve two more terms before being elected mayor in 1905.
Mott, known as "The Mayor Who Built Oakland", presided over the greatest disaster relief operation in Oakland when an estimated 150,000 people sought refuge in the city after the 1906 earthquake in San Francisco. He was re-elected in 1907 by a six-to-one margin, defeating Socialist O.H. Phillbrick, 7,317 to 1,226, and re-elected to the third term in 1909, defeating Citizens' Party candidate F.F. Jackson 8,352 to 6,045. Following the adoption of a new city charter establishing a city commission government in 1910, Mott won the 1911 election by defeating Socialist opponent Thomas Booth, 11,722 to 9,837. In a fascinating but little-known chapter of Oakland history, Mott survived the city's first recall election, initiated by the radical Industrial Workers of the World, on August 5, 1912, with 17,139 voting in favor of keeping Mott in office, and 10,846 against.
He achieved, in 1909, final resolution of the waterfront issue which had preoccupied the leaders of Oakland since the city's founding, with a negotiated agreement with Southern Pacific. The railroad gave up its rights to the waterfront in exchange for a fifty-year franchise on the property it then held. In 1909, Mayor Mott welcomed President William H. Taft to Oakland. The Mayor laid the cornerstone for the present City Hall. The massive harbor improvements which immediately followed were part of an unprecedented era of public works projects, including the dredging of Lake Merritt, the building of the current City Hall and the Civic Auditorium (now known as the Kaiser Convention Center), establishment of the pioneering Oakland Public Museum in the Josiah Stanford (now Camron-Stanford) House, and vast expansion and improvements to sewers, streets, lighting, electricity, fire and police protection. Mayor Mott retired in 1915.
On January 10, 1911, Mott married Mrs. Gertrude Bennett in San Francisco. His family lived at three different addresses while he was mayor—1066 Jackson (1905–08), 1509 Webster (1909–1911), and 276 Lee Street in Adams Point (1912–1939)—all since demolished. He served as the city's right-of-way agent from 1927 until his death on December 16, 1958, at the age of 92, at the Athens Athletic Club. An Episcopalian, Mott was cremated following his funeral at the Chapel of the Oaks under the auspices of Masonic Lodge 61.
# Red Alert (Agent 51 album)

Red Alert is the debut album by the Poway, California punk rock band Agent 51, released by Alphabet Records in 1998. It established the band's presence in the local punk rock scene. Some of the songs and the album artwork detail the band's fascination with UFOs, extraterrestrials and the possible coverup of their existence by the United States government. An independent music video was filmed for the title track.
After the song "San Diego's Burning" the album has 31 blank tracks, then at 0:51 into track 51 there is a "hidden" semi-instrumental version of "Red Alert," with vocals only on the chorus. After the song, on the same track, there is a clip from the "Area 51" radio program.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Chris Armes and Jered Herndon
* Tracks 20–50 each consist of 4–6 seconds of silence.

## Personnel

* Chris "Broken" Armes - guitar, vocals
* Eric "Airwick" Davis - guitar, vocals
* Greg Schneider - bass, vocals
* Rob Hunter - drums

### Production

* Record label: Alphabet Records
* Recorded at DML Studios November 24–26, 1997 by Scott Exum
* Mastered at DML Studios
* Produced by Agent 51
* All songs copyright 1996-1997 Agent 51, except "Swingin' Doors" by Merle Haggard
* Cover design by Agent 51
* Layout by David Klinker
# Oenopota declivis

Oenopota declivis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.

## Subspecies

    Oenopota declivis angustior (J.G. Jeffreys, 1877)

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 9 mm and 20 mm.
The characters of this shell are close to Oenopota cinerea (Møller, 1842), but the shell is longer in the spire and narrower, with slightly stronger shoulder, fewer ribs and revolving striae. The sculpture is cancellated. The aperture is broadly truncate below.

## Distribution

This species occurs in European waters, in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean and in the arctic waters of Canada and off Nova Zembla, Russia
# Kjeldstadli

Kjeldstadli is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Knut Kjeldstadli (born 1948), Norwegian historian, son of Sverre
* Sverre Kjeldstadli (1916–1961), Norwegian historian, father of Knut
# List of discontinued scorewriters

This is a list of discontinued music notation programs. For non-discontinued products, see List of scorewriters.

## Free software

* Manuscript Writer

## Proprietary
### Microsoft Windows

* Winscore, development discontinued since 2013
* Finale, development discontinued in 2024

### Mac OS

* ConcertWare
* Finale, development discontinued in 2024

### Other

* Bank Street Music Writer (Atari 8-bit, Apple II, Commodore 64, MS-DOS)
* Calliope by William Clocksin, which was the subject of an academic usability study
* Cubase Score V1-2 (Atari ST)
* Deluxe Music Construction Set (Amiga)
* SCORE (MS-DOS)
# Springton

Springton may refer to:
* Springton, Prince Edward Island, Canada (specifically Queens County)
* Springton, South Australia
* Springton Lake, Pennsylvania, a lake in the United States
# Chalta Musafir

Chalta Musafir is an Urdu novel by Pakistani novelist and short story writer Altaf Fatima. First published in 1981, the novel explains the events of 1940s to 1970s, from the partition of the Indian subcontinent to the independence of Bangladesh.
# Rudolf K. Allemann

Professor Rudolf Konrad Allemann is a Distinguished Research Professor and Pro Vice-Chancellor International and Student Recruitment and Head of the College of Physical Sciences and Engineering at Cardiff University. Allemann joined Cardiff University in 2005, after working at the University of Birmingham, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zurich and the UK MRC National Institute for Medical Research at Mill Hill. He was previously Head of the School of Chemistry at Cardiff University until April 2017.

## Education and academic career

Allemann earned his Dipl. Chem. ETH (B.S./M.S.) from ETH Zurich in 1985. His PhD was carried out at Harvard University and ETH Zurich with Steven A. Benner and culminated in the award of a Dr. sc. nat ETH for his thesis 'Evolutionary Guidance as a Tool in Organic Chemistry'. He then moved to the UK to as a Royal Society and Swiss National Science Foundation postdoctoral fellow at the National Institute for Medical Research, before returning to the ETH Zurich in 1992 as a research group leader in Biological Chemistry. He completed his habilitation in 1998 ('DNA Recognition by Eukaryotic Transcriptional Regulators') and then joined the University of Birmingham, first as a Senior Lecturer and then Professor of Chemical Biology. Since 2005 he has been a Distinguished Research Professor at Cardiff University and in 2017 was appointed Pro Vice-Chancellor and Head of College of Physical Sciences and Engineering. In 2013 he was elected a Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales.

## Research

A leading protagonist of modern biological chemistry, Allemann's research bridges the gap between enzymology and organic chemistry. By exploiting chemical, biophysical, enzymological and molecular biology techniques, he has made contributions towards understanding enzymatic mechanisms. He has pioneered detailed mechanistic investigations of terpene synthases such as aristolochene synthase, germacrene-A synthase and delta-cadinene synthase, leading to insights into how the diversity of the terpenome (terpene and terpenoid natural products) is generated from a single precursor. Allemann's work on hydrogen transfer catalysing enzymes including dihydrofolate reductase has led to deep new insights into the contributions from quantum mechanical tunnelling and protein dynamics to the enormous rate accelerations typical of Nature’s catalysts. Allemann’s laboratory has been among the pioneers in synthetic biology and has developed innovative applications such as the first generation of designer enzymes, intracellular biophotonic nanoswitches (photoactivated peptides) and optogenetic tools for the control of biological processes in cell culture and in live organisms, as well as pioneering new methodology in synthetic biology for generating novel unnatural terpene-like non-natural natural products with applications in agriculture and healthcare.
# Red Alert (Red Garland album)

Red Alert is an album by pianist Red Garland which was recorded in 1977 and released on the Galaxy label in the following year.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
The AllMusic review by Scott Yanow stated "This is an interesting set, featuring pianist Red Garland with a sextet ... With one of the largest recording groups he ever led, Garland sounds fine, but the material could certainly have been more inspired".

## Track listing

* "Red Alert" (Nat Adderley) – 10:34
* "Theme for a Tarzan Movie" (Adderley) – 3:57
* "The Whiffenpoof Song" (Guy H. Scull, Meade Minnigerode, George S. Pomeroy) – 8:20
* "Sweet Georgia Brown" (Ben Bernie, Maceo Pinkard, Kenneth Casey) – 11:13
* "Stella by Starlight" (Victor Young, Ned Washington) – 5:45
* "It's Impossible" (Armando Manzanero, Sid Wayne) – 5:37

## Personnel

* Red Garland – piano
* Nat Adderley – cornet (tracks 1, 2 & 4)
* Harold Land (tracks 1, 4 & 5), Ira Sullivan (tracks 1, 3 & 4) – tenor saxophone
* Ron Carter – bass
* Frank Butler – drums
# Lawson Aiguilles

The Lawson Aiguilles (67°50′S 66°15′E﻿ / ﻿67.833°S 66.250°E﻿ / -67.833; 66.250) are a line of sharp peaks in the south part of Mount Rivett, in the Gustav Bull Mountains of Mac. Robertson Land, Antarctica. Peaks in this group were included in Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition surveys of 1962 and 1967. The aiguilles were named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for E. J. Lawson, a diesel mechanic at Mawson Station who assisted with the survey work in 1967.
# Leopold Nitsch

Leopold Nitsch (14 August 1897 – January 1977) was an Austrian football player and coach.
# Kjeldgaard

Kjeldgaard is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Brock Kjeldgaard (born 1986), Canadian baseballer
* Claus Kjeldgaard (born 1986), Danish handballer
* Jacob Kjeldgaard (1884–1964), Danish photographer and journalist
# Korte's third law of apparent motion

In psychophysics, Korte's third law of apparent motion is an observation relating the phenomenon of apparent motion to the distance and duration between two successively presented stimuli.

## Formulation

Korte's four laws were first proposed in 1915 by Adolf Korte. The third law, particularly, describes how the increase in distance between two stimuli narrows the range of interstimulus intervals (ISI), which produce the apparent motion. It holds that there is a requirement for the proportional decrease in the frequency in which two stimulators are activated in alternation with the increase in ISI to ensure the quality of apparent motion. One identified violation of the Korte's law occurs if the shortest path between seen arm positions is not possible anatomically. This was demonstrated by Maggie Shiffrar and Jennifer Freyd using a picture that showed a woman demonstrating two positions. This highlighted the problem in taking the shortest path to perform the alternating postures.
The laws were composed of general statements (laws) describing beta movement in the sense of "optimal motion". These outlined several constraints for obtaining the percept of apparent motion between flashes: "(1) larger separations require higher intensities, (2) slower presentation rates require higher intensities, (3) larger separations require slower presentation rates, (4) longer flash durations require shorter intervals .
A modern formulation of the law is that the greater the length of a path between two successively presented stimuli, the greater the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) must be for an observer to perceive the two stimuli as a single mobile object. Typically, the relationship between distance and minimal SOA is linear.
Arguably, Korte's third law is counterintuitive. One might expect that successive stimuli are less likely to be perceived as a single object as both distance and interval increase, and therefore, a negative relationship should be observed instead. In fact, such a negative relationship can be observed as well as Korte's law. Which relationship holds depends on speed. Korte's law also involves a constancy of velocity through apparent motion and it is said that data do not support it.
# Squadron code

A squadron code is a marking used on a military aircraft to visually identify the squadron that it is assigned to.
Squadron codes of the World War II era, notably for Royal Air Force (RAF) and United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) aircraft operating in Europe, typically consisted of two characters (commonly two letters; sometimes a letter and a number) to denote the squadron, plus a third character to identify a specific aircraft and serve as its call sign. In general, when an aircraft was lost or withdrawn from use, its call sign was applied to its replacement or another aircraft.
# Saliha Sultan

Saliha Sultan may refer to:
* Saliha Dilaşub Sultan (died 1690), second Haseki of Sultan Ibrahim and mother and Valide Sultan of Sultan Suleiman II
* Saliha Sultan (mother of Mahmud I) (1680–1739), consort of Sultan Mustafa II and mother and Valide Sultan of Sultan Mahmud I
* Saliha Sultan (daughter of Ahmed III) (1715–1778), Ottoman princess
* Saliha Sultan (daughter of Mahmud II) (1811–1843), Ottoman princess
* Saliha Verdicenan Kadın (1825 - 1889), consort of the Ottoman Sultan Abdulmecid I
* Saliha Sultan (daughter of Abdülaziz) (1862–1941), Ottoman princess
* Saliha Naciye Kadın (1887 - 1923), consort of the Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II
# Chaluka

Chaluka may refer to:
* Chaluka Site, a prehistoric archaeological site in Alaska
* An alternative spelling of halukka, a process of collection and distribution of charity funds for early Zionism
* An older name of Chalukya (disambiguation), multiple Indian rulers
* Chaluka (chuluka), a small water pot in India