OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Newspaper Proprietors' Association of Nigeria

The Newspaper Proprietors' Association of Nigeria or NPAN is a professional body concerned with the regulation of journalism in Nigeria. The President of the Association is Nduka Obaigbena, a Nigerian journalist, columnist and founder of Thisday, one of Nigeria's national Newspaper. The patron of the Association is Chief Sam Amuka-Pemu, a Nigerian journalist, columnist and founder of the Vanguard , Nigeria's leading newspaper, and co-founder of The Punch, most widely read newspaper in Nigeria. The general secretary is Mohammed Idris Malagi, the chairman, CEO and founder of Blueprint Newspaper.

## Roles

One of its major functions, is to investigate complaints against the press from the public and also to investigate complaints from the press about the conduct of people or organizations towards the press. NPAN acts as a buffer between the press and the public.

## History

Attempts to establish this self regulatory body for the Nigerian Press started as far back as two decades ago with the establishment of the Ekineh Commission. The Commission, which was set up by a distinguished Nigerian attorney and sponsored by the General Yakubu Gowon government, was intended to study the future of the Nigerian media.
However, this Commission never made its findings public, which defeated the purpose. Another attempt was made through the establishment of the Nigerian Media Council Decree No 59 of 1988. However, this attempt failed, largely because journalists were apprehensive concerning the seemingly undemocratic powers conferred upon the council.
# L'Oie de Cravan

L’Oie de Cravan (translated The Goose of Cravan) is a Canadian publishing house based in Montreal, Quebec that specializes in poetry. It was founded in January 1992 by poet and writer Benoît Chaput [fr]. The name is seen as a tribute to the poet-boxer Arthur Cravan.
The poets published by L’Oie de Cravan are often influenced by the surrealist movement. L’Oie de Cravan also publishes the work of cartoonists and illustrators, such as Simon Bossé [fr], Geneviève Castrée, Julie Doucet and Diane Obomsawin. It has also published the writings of people associated with the music world, such as critic Byron Coley, folk singer Michael Hurley and punk rock icon Mike Watt.
# L'Oiseau de Feu, Petrouchka

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
L'Oiseau de Feu, Petrouchka is a solo album by American guitarist Larry Coryell that was released by Philips Records in 1983.

## Reception

Allmusic awarded the album with 2 stars.

## Track listing

* "L'Oiseau de Feu" (Igor Stravinsky, Larry Coryell) – 16:46
** Introduction
** L'Oiseau de feu et sa Danse
** Variation de l'Oiseau de feu
** Ronde des princesses
** Dance infernale du roi Kashchei
** Berceuse
** Finale
* "Petrouchka" (Igor Stravinsky, Larry Coryell) – 21:56
** First Scene
** Second Scene
** Third Scene
** Fourth Scene

## Personnel

* Larry Coryell – guitar
# Kyoto Aquarium

Kyoto Aquarium(京都水族館) is an aquarium located in Umekoji Park in Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture's Shimogyo Ward, Japan.

## History

Opened on March 14, 2012 (Heisei 24), it is an inland aquarium and the first aquarium in Japan to completely use artificial seawater.
It is the first aquarium in Japan to use 100% artificial seawater and is also one of the largest inland aquariums in Japan. It is one of the core facilities of Umekoji Park near Kyoto Station, and is managed by ORIX Real Estate Corporation, which leases part of the park and adjacent land from the city of Kyoto.
ORIX Facilities Corporation, a building management company within the DAIKYO Group, will provide general management services, while ORIX Aquarium Corporation will operate the aquarium. The amount of seawater required, which accounts for approximately 90% of the total water volume, will be provided entirely by artificial seawater produced by Taisei Corporation's high-performance filtration system, which designed and constructed the aquarium. The building will have three stories above ground and one story in the tower, with a total building area of 5,948.25 m2, a total floor area of 10,974.29 m2, and a maximum capacity of 5,000 people. The construction cost is approximately 6 billion yen (total investment not disclosed). The goal is to attract 2 million visitors in the first year.
# Jolsobi

Jolsobi (End of Spring) is an Assamese language film directed and written by debutant independent filmmaker Jaicheng Jai Dohutia and produced by Mayamara Productions in association with Arman Productions, FunDeMental Studios and Mogador Film. The film is based on gender equality a massive issue and a worldwide injustice.

## Plot

Tapashi (Darathie Bharadwaj), a young college grad, the protagonist of the film tries to hold a job; she even tries to salvage her relationship with a man who doesn't feel the same way about her while attempting to make it big in a small village that restricts her and barely allows her freedom of choice but none of it is ever sufficient.

## Cast

* Darathie Bharadwaj
* Numal Chandra Gogoi
* Durlabha Moran
* Dulukanta Moran
* Akhil Bihiya Gogoi
* Biponjit Gogoi
* Karabi Dowarah
* Bishal Anurag
* Geetashree Dohutia
* Rashmi Rekha Dohutia

## Production

Jolsobi is an Indo-German production. It has been made by Mayamara Art & Culture in association with Mogador Film Berlin, Fundamental Studios Frankfurt and Arman Productions India. Dohutia wrote the script in 2020.

## Awards

| Year | Award | Category | Result | Ref |
| 2021 | São Paulo International Film Festival | New Director's Competition | Nominated | |
| 2022 | Prag Cine Award | Best Screenplay Best Director Best Cinematography | Won | |
# Next-Generation Overhead Persistent Infrared

Next-Generation Overhead Persistent Infrared (Next-Gen OPIR) is being developed in USA as the replacement for the current missile warning constellation, the Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS).
The Next-Gen OPIR satellites are engineered to detect and track ballistic missile launches, delivering early warnings of potential attacks. Equipped with advanced infrared sensors, these satellites identify the heat signatures of incoming missiles and securely transmit this vital data to ground stations.
# Next-fit-decreasing bin packing

Next-fit-decreasing (NFD) is an algorithm for bin packing. Its input is a list of items of different sizes. Its output is a packing - a partition of the items into bins of fixed capacity, such that the sum of sizes of items in each bin is at most the capacity. Ideally, we would like to use as few bins as possible, but minimizing the number of bins is an NP-hard problem. The NFD algorithm uses the following heuristic:
* Order the items from largest to smallest.
* Initialize an empty bin and call it the "open bin".
* For each item in order, check if it can fit into the open bin:
** If it fits, then place the new item into it.
** Otherwise, close the current bin, open a new bin, and put the current item inside it.
In short: NFD orders the items by descending size, and then calls next-fit bin packing.

## Performance upper bound

Baker and Coffman proved that, for every integer r, when the size of all items is at most 1/r, the asymptotic approximation ratio of RFD satisfies
   $R_{NFD}^{\infty }({\text{size}}\leq 1/r)=h_{\infty }(r)$,
where $h_{\infty }(r)$ is a sequence whose first elements are approximately 1.69103, 1.42312, 1.30238. In particular, taking r=1 implies that
   $R_{NFD}^{\infty }=h_{\infty }(1)\approx 1.69103$.
Later, NFD has also been analyzed probabilistically.

## Variants

Next-Fit packs a list and its inverse into the same number of bins. Therefore, Next-Fit-Increasing has the same performance as Next-Fit-Decreasing.
However, Next-Fit-Increasing performs better when there are general cost structures.
# Jones & Furbringer

Jones & Furbringer was an architectural firm founded in 1904 by the partnership of Walk Claridge Jones, Sr. and Max H. Furbringer. It designed a number of buildings that are listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. The firm eventually was absorbed into brg3s.
Works by either architect individually or by the firm include:
* Boyce-Gregg House, 317 S. Highland St. Memphis, TN (Jones & Furbringer), NRHP-listed
* Cordova School, 1017 Sanga Rd. Memphis, TN (Furbringer, Max H.), NRHP-listed
* Greenwood, 1560 Central Ave. Memphis, TN (Jones & Furbringer), NRHP-listed
* Hotel Claridge, 109 N. Main St. Memphis, TN (Jones & Furbringer), NRHP-listed
* Peabody Elementary School, 2086 Young Ave. Memphis, TN (Jones & Furbringer), NRHP-listed
* Rozelle Elementary School, 993 Roland St. Memphis, TN (Jones & Furbringer), NRHP-listed
* Shrine Building, (1923), 66 Monroe Ave. Memphis, TN (Jones & Furbringer), NRHP-listed
Elvis Presley's Graceland, 3764 Elvis Presley Blvd. Memphis, TN has association of architects Furbringer & Ehrman, and is also NRHP-listed
# Ngoya language

Ngoya, also known as Pala (Kibala, Ipala), is a newly recognized language of Angola that since ca. 2010 has been used for national radio broadcasts. It had previously been considered a dialect of Kimbundu without any linguistic evidence, and appears to be transitional between Kimbundu and Umbundu.
Nyoya is spoken in Cuanza Sul between Songo to the north and Umbundu to the south.
The name "Ngoya" is an Umbundu word meaning "savage". The endonym is Pala, which with the noun-class-7 prefix is Íipàlà. It is frequently rendered as Kibala, which is the Kimbundu form.
# Niall FitzGerald

Niall FitzGerald (born 13 September 1945) is an Irish businessman.

## Early life and education

FitzGerald was born 13 September 1945 in County Sligo. FitzGerald grew up in Limerick, Ireland, and was educated at St Munchin's College in Limerick. He obtained a Commerce degree from University College, Dublin (UCD).

## Career

His executive career was with Unilever for 37 years. He was an executive board member for 18 years and served respectively as Finance Director, Foods Director and Detergents Director until his appointment as Chairman and CEO in 1996; a position he held until 2004. During his Unilever career he worked and lived in Ireland, the Netherlands, South Africa, the US and the UK.
FitzGerald has chaired a broad range of companies and public bodies. These include Reuters, Hakluyt, the Nelson Mandela Legacy Trust, International Business Council, Conference Board, Investment Climate Facility for Africa, British Museum, the Transatlantic Business Dialogue (TAB) and Advertising Association.
He has also served on the Boards of Bank of Ireland, Ericsson, Merck, Prudential Corporation and chaired Audit, Remuneration and Governance Committees. Other Board mandates have included the World Economic Forum, Council on Foreign Relations, International Policy Council for Agriculture and Trade, President of South Africa's International Advisory Council, Kok Commission on the Lisbon Agenda, Spencer Stuart Advisory Board.
Current engagements include Chairman, Brand Learning; Chairman, NiJaCo; Chairman, Hakluyt International Advisory Board; Chairman, Munster Rugby Commercial Board; Chairman, UCD Graduate Business School; Chairman, Leverhulme Trust; Senior Advisor, Allen & Co.; Member of Mitsubishi International Advisory Committee and Chairman of Governors at Cumnor House Sussex prep school.

## Awards and honours

FitzGerald was made an Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 2002, and holds a number of Honorary Doctorates from American, British and Irish universities. He has also been the recipient of numerous other awards for his work on global business issues, including
* Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement (2002), received at the International Achievement Summit in Dublin, Ireland
* Society of Chemical Industry Centenary Medal (2004)
* Royal Dublin Society Gold Medal for Industry (2006)
* Woodrow Wilson Award for Corporate Citizenship (2008)
* Business & Finance Award for Outstanding Business Achievement (2008)
* Perlmutter Award for Excellence in Global Business Leadership (2011)
On 13 November 2014 FitzGerald was presented with an honorary degree in Economic Science from University of Limerick.

## Personal life

FitzGerald is married to Ingrid and they have a daughter, Gabriella. He has 3 children from a previous marriage.
# Josef Kranner

Josef Ondřej Kranner, or Joseph Andreas Kranner (13 June 1801, Prague - 20 October 1871, Vienna) was a Czech architect. He became the first Master Builder at St. Vitus Cathedral when construction resumed there in 1861.

## Life and work

He was the tenth child born to Jan Ludvík Kranner (1764–1828), an Imperial Master Builder and stonemason. He completed his apprenticeship as a stonemason while attending Prague Polytechnic. This was followed by studies at the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna. In 1822, he made study trips to Venice and Rome. Two years later he travelled to Paris, via Marseilles.
His first project as a Master Builder involved designing a family crypt for the Austrian State Chancellor, Prince Klemens von Metternich at his castle in Plasy. When this was completed in 1828, he took over his recently deceased father's studio; introducing modern methods he had observed in France. In 1830, he received his certificate as a Master Builder for Prague, followed in 1835 by that city's recognition of his status as a Master Stonemason.
He was deeply interested in the Medieval buildings of his homeland. Together with the historian František Palacký, the painter Josef Vojtěch Hellich, and the architect Hermann Bergmann [de], he created a book on ancient Bohemia. It was edited by Hellich and the cultural revivalist, Jan Erazim Vocel, and published in 1845 under the title "Grundzüge der böhmischen Alterthumskunde" (Basics of Bohemian Antiquity).
Later, he became interested in a proposal by Václav Michal Pešina [cs], the Canon of St. Vitus Cathedral, to resume construction, which had been paused since the 1770s, and expand the building. In 1844, they presented a program for renovation. While these plans were being considrered, he entered a competition for designing a church dedicated to Saints Cyril and Methodius, but his design was rejected for being "Too German". Beginning around 1855, he was involved in managing construction of the Votivkirche in Vienna.
The first meeting of the Cathedral Building Association would not take place until 1859. At the second meeting, in 1860, it was proposed that he be given the official position of Master Builder for the project. Kranner would head the work from 1861 to 1866; consisting mostly of repairs. In 1867, he presented complete plans for a three-aisle expansion of the cathedral. He died before that phase of the project was completed, and Josef Mocker was appointed to replace him as manager.
In the 1850s, Kranner designed the Lanna Palace in New Town of Prague for the south-bohemian industrialist Adalbert Lanna the Elder.
# Josef Kramolín

Josef Kramolín (11 April 1730 – 27 April 1802) was a Czech Jesuit brother and painter. He primarily painted religious-themed frescoes.

## Early life

The registry records in Nymburk parish show a record of the baptism of 12 April 1730. He was baptized as Josef Karel. His parents were already permanently settled in Nymburk, named Joseph George Kramolín (1706 - 1733) and Barbara, née White (1701-1751). Kramolín had two siblings, a brother Wenceslas (1733-1799), who was also a painter by vocation, and a sister, Barbara, Dorothy (1732 -?).
Kramolín was guided by his parents to sing, and in 1743 he worked briefly in a chorus in the St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague. He also lived in a Benedictine monastery in the church. After Prague began besieging Prussians he briefly returned to Nymburk, then soon went to Kutná Hora, in seminars at the church to complete his education. In Kutna Hora he received the rudiments of the art of painting from the artist Vit Hrdlicka. In 1751 Kramolín 's mother died, so he returned to Nymburk, and become a painter. He later moved to Prague, where he became an apprentice to Franz Xaver Palko, who was working on the frescoes in the Jesuit church of St. Nicholas in Prague. From that experience he got the basics, and learned to mix colors and perfected his drawing style. At this time, he got his first individual contract.

## Career

In 1757 he went to Vienna, where on 5 October 1757 he studied at Hofakademie der Maler, Bildhauer und Baukunst (Imperial and Royal Court Academy of painters, sculptors and architecture). At the Vienna Academy he remained only a few months, and in April of the following year was admitted as a novice in the Jesuit order in Prague. As a lay brother he worked until the Order's suppression in 1773. The archives can be found records of his stay on the Order track - in 1758 was listed as a novice in Brno, and in 1759 as a novice in college at St. Nicholas in Prague's Lesser Town. Between 1760 - 1770 he was listed as a lay brother in college at St. Clement in the Old Town of Prague (Clementinum), in 1771 again at St. Nicholas, and in 1772 in Chomutov. During this period he painted mainly altar architecture in monastic churches.
After the abolition of the Jesuit order he became a freelance artist. during his studies he met Catherine Weczerschic, with whom he went to her home town of Karlovy Vary, and married on 2 May 1775. In Karlovy Vary they bought a house in the Spanish Cross, later still house the Blue Star. In 1802 he became a painter to the city council. In Prague's Strahov library is a record of his visit: "Di 10 Decembris A 1799. Josephus Kramolin Frater Senior exjesuita Pictor Historiarum Carolo Thermensis." He died in Karlovy Vary of pneumonia in April 1802.

## Style

He belonged to a generation of Czech late Baroque artists. Some of his surviving works can be found at Mariánská Týnice and the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
# LH (complexity)

In computational complexity, the logarithmic time hierarchy (LH) is the complexity class of all computational problems solvable in a logarithmic amount of computation time on an alternating Turing machine with a bounded number of alternations. It is a particular case of a bounded alternating Turing machine hierarchy. It is equal to FO and to FO-uniform AC$^0$.
The $i$th level of the logarithmic time hierarchy is the set of languages recognised by alternating Turing machines in logarithmic time with random access and $i-1$ alternations, beginning with an existential state. LH is the union of all levels.
# Ngoumbiri

Ngoumbiri is a village in the Bamingui-Bangoran prefecture in the northern Central African Republic.
# Ngourkosso

Ngourkosso is one of four departments in Logone Occidental, a region of Chad. Its capital is Bénoye.
# LTSP

LTSP may refer to:
* Linux Terminal Server Project
* Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia
# Nguyễn Văn Thịnh

Nguyễn Văn Thịnh is a Vietnamese former football manager.

## Early life

He played for Vietnamese side SLNA, helping the club achieve promotion.

## Career

He managed the Vietnam national under-20 football team.

## Personal life

He has been nicknamed "Thịnh đen".
# Küre, Kastamonu

Küre is a town in the Kastamonu Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is the seat of Küre District. Its population is 2,522 (2021). The town lies at an elevation of 1,020 m (3,346 ft).
# Nibbiaia

Nibbiaia is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Rosignano Marittimo, province of Livorno. At the time of the 2011 census its population was 690.
The village is about 20 km from Livorno and 10 km from Rosignano Marittimo.
# Jordans

Jordans may refer to:

## Communities

* Jordans, Buckinghamshire, a village in England
* Friendship, Wake County, North Carolina, an unincorporated community formerly known as Jordans
* Pipestem, West Virginia, an unincorporated community in Summers County also known as Jordans Chapel

## Other uses

* Air Jordan, a brand of Nike shoes sponsored by American basketball player Michael Jordan
* Jordans' anomaly, a familial abnormality of white blood cell morphology
* Jordans Mine, on the Isle of Portland in Dorset, England
* Jordanshöhe, a mountain in central Germany
# Jordanoleiopus villiersi

Jordanoleiopus villiersi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Lepesme and Breuning in 1953.
# L'Assomption Lake

L'Assomption Lake (in French: Lac de l'Assomption) is a lake located in the Mont-Tremblant National Park (sector of L'Assomption), in the Municipality of Saint-Guillaume-Nord, in Matawinie Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Lanaudière, in Quebec, in Canada.

## Leisure

The lake is surrounded by a cycle path made of rock dust over a distance of seven kilometers.

## Toponymy

The toponym "Lac de L'Assomption" was formalized on December 5, 1968, at the Place name bank of the Commission de toponymie du Québec.
# Nick Cook

Nick Cook may refer to:
* Nick Cook (cricketer), English cricketer and umpire
* Nick Cook (writer), British defence consultant on issues of climate change, author and former aviation journalist
* Nicky Cook, British boxer
* Nicholas Cook, British musicologist and writer
# Nico Lange

Nico Lange (born 23 March 1975) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who has been serving as Federal Minister of Defence Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer’s chief of staff since 2019.

## Early life and education

Lange was born 1975 in Berlin and studied political science at the University of Greifswald. As part of his military service, he served in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in Kosovo.

## Career

On a scholarship of Robert Bosch Foundation, Lange taught international relations at Saint Petersburg State University from 2004 until 2006.
From 2006 to 2012 Lange headed the CDU-affiliated Konrad Adenauer Foundation office in Kyiv.
From 2012 until 2017, Lange led the foundation's domestic policy team in Berlin. In this capacity, he was appointed by CDU Secretary General Peter Tauber to a commission tasked with drafting proposals for reforming the party between 2013 and 2017. In 2014, he chaired a task force on the future of political parties in Germany. He was also member of a CDU working group committee on domestic policy reforms. After the CDU lost elections in Baden-Württemberg in 2016, Lange accompanied the party's deputy chairman Thomas Strobl when he toured the state visiting local chapters and discussing with members.
From 2017 until 2018, Lange headed the foundation's Washington office.
In April 2018 Lange became deputy general manager of the CDU, under the leadership of newly elected chairwoman Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer. Since 2019, he has been serving as Kramp-Karrenbauer's chief of staff at the Federal Ministry of Defence.

## Controversy

In June 2010 Lange was arrested for supposed espionage by the Ukrainian counterespionage agency, the Security Service of Ukraine. After a harsh diplomatic intervention by the German government, Lange was released after some hours, citing Ukrainian officials, that a ´misapprehension´ had taken place.