OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Richard Horwood

Richard Horwood (1757/8 – 3 October 1803) was a surveyor and cartographer. He is mainly remembered for his large-scale plan of London and its suburbs published in 32 sheets between 1792 and 1799. He also published a plan of Liverpool in six sheets in 1803.

## Map of London

Between 1792 and 1799 Horwood published a Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster the Borough of Southwark and Parts adjoining Shewing every House. At the time this was the largest map ever printed in Britain. After he decided to chart the entire city of London, down to each individual building, Horwood set about soliciting subscriptions to finance the project in 1790. His intention was to publish the complete map within two years, at a scale of 26 inches to the mile. However, the scope of the project was so extensive, and his cost to complete it so high, that rather than taking the estimated two years, the project took almost ten to complete. Despite acquiring royal patronage from King George III, the project suffered financial hardship, making it even more difficult to produce. However, Horwood eventually published the entire map, consisting of 32 sheets (four rows of eight columns). The last sheet was made available in 1799.
In 1800 he wrote of the map, in a letter to the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufacture and Commerce:
   The execution of it has cost me nine years severe labour and indefatigable perseverance; and these years formed the most valuable part of my life. I took every angle; measured almost every line; and after that, plotted and compared the whole work. The engraving, considering the immense mass of work, is, I flatter myself, well done.

## Map of Liverpool

Horwood also published a similar large-scale plan of Liverpool, in six sheets, in July 1803.
He died on 3 October 1803 in Liverpool, and was buried in Toxteth Unitarian Chapel.

## Legacy

After Horwood's death, the 32 plates of his London map passed to the cartographer and a publisher William Faden. Faden published three further revised and updated editions of the map, under Horwood's name and still fundamentally his work, in 1807, 1813 and 1819.
In 1985 a reduced facsimile edition of the 1813 map was published in volume format by Harry Margary in association with the Guildhall Library, with a superimposed grid, full place-name index, and introductory notes by Paul Laxton, under the title The A to Z of Regency London.
Sections of the 1813 edition are reproduced in Charles Palliser's novel The Quincunx (1989). The story is set a few years after the publication of the map, which is used by one of the characters.
A selection of the Horwood maps were used in the publication of Timbuctoo, a novel based on the adventures of Robert Adams, which includes five large fold-out maps of London.
# John D. Rood

John D. Rood (born February 11, 1955) is an American businessman and diplomat who served as the United States Ambassador to the Bahamas from 2004 to 2007.
Rood is Chairman and Founder of The Vestcor Companies, Inc. He is a graduate of University of Montana with a bachelor's degree in business administration.
# NBA Live 95

NBA Live 95 is the follow-up to NBA Showdown and the first NBA Live title in the NBA Live video games series from EA Sports. It was published by EA Sports and released in October 1994. The cover features an action shot from the 1994 NBA Finals.
It introduced what would become standard elements in the series, including the isometric on-court perspective, the "T-meter" for shooting free throws, and the turbo button used to give players a temporary burst of speed. The game's engine is a modified version of EA Sports' FIFA International Soccer engine, using the same perspective. The game was re-released with NBA Live 06 as part of the EA Retro Series. Game Players gave the Super NES version its "best sports game award" in their Super NES division on the January 1995 issue of their magazine.
This was the first official NBA simulation video game to introduce customized fictional teams. It is also notable for being the first NBA video game to not feature Charles Barkley, as he began refraining from signing licensing agreements due to the lack of pay to retired players from the NBAPA.
NBA Live 95 was followed by NBA Live 96.

## Version differences

The SNES version of the game featured the 1993-94 NBA rosters, while the Genesis version of the game featured the up-to-date 1994-95 rosters (minus most of the year's rookie class). Both versions featured limited roster management functions, however in the Genesis version, only players in the starting lineup could be traded. Additionally, there was no Create-a-Player function or a Free Agent pool to draw from.
The PC release featured updated rosters accurate as of the 1994–95 season's trade deadline, and included the entire rookie class of 1994.
The Sega Genesis version was included in the PlayStation 2 version of NBA Live 06.

## Reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| AllGame | (SNES) |
| Famitsu | 8/10 (SNES) |
| Next Generation | (SNES) |
| CD Player | 8/10 (PC) |
GamePro wrote of the SNES version that it "improves on last year's NBA Showdown with better graphics, more in-depth strategy, and more realistic game play." They particularly praised the game's 30-degree-overhead court view, saying it allows players a better view of the action while allowing the game to run more smoothly. In February 1995, Famitsu magazine's Reader Cross Review gave the Super Famicom version of the game an 8 out of 10.
GamePro rated the Genesis version positively, though they commented that the cooperative multiplayer tends to be confusing. They noted that players take command of basketball players, coaches, and general managers, saying that this adds variety and depth to the gameplay.
Next Generation review of the SNES version rated it five stars out of five, stating, "Live '95 emerges as the best basketball sim' available."
In 1996, Computer Gaming World declared the original NBA Live the 57th-best computer game ever released.
The game's notable success helped launch EA's other sports games. Both Madden NFL '95 and Triple Play Baseball outsold their competitors, NFL '95 and World Series Baseball, respectively, for the first time following NBA Live's release.
# William Merchant

William Merchant may refer to:
* William Alfred Merchant, English dwarf clown
* William Merchant (MP) for Wycombe (UK Parliament constituency)
* William Moelwyn Merchant, academic, novelist, sculptor, poet and Anglican priest
# Old Jack (album)

Old Jack is the first album from Brazilian blues/rock band O Bando do Velho Jack, and was recorded in 1998. This album was not officially released.

## Track listing

* "Rock and Roll, Hoochie Koo"
* "Listen to the Music"
* "Lucille"
* "Cão de guarda"
* "While My Guitar Gently Weeps"
* "Not Fade Away"
* "Hoochie Koochie Man"
* "Born on the Bayou"
* "Layla"
* "Ohio"
* "Whiskey Man"
* "Walk Away"
# Faciens misericordiam

Faciens misericordiam (Granting forgiveness) was a papal bull issued by Pope Clement V on August 12, 1308, as part of the trial against the Knights Templar. It called for a new Ecumenical council to be held in 1310, and set out some structure for the collection of depositions from the arrested Templars.

## Date

The bull was written on August 8, and then read aloud on the 12th at the College of Cardinals.

## Content

The document created papal commissions which were charged with investigating the actions of the Templars. It also called for an ecumenical council to convene in 1310 to discuss urgent problems facing Christianity, such as the organization of a new Crusade. Regarding the Templars, the bull ordered the collection of depositions from Templars across Christendom, which would be gathered and brought to the Pope for determination on the fate of the Order, which fate would be decided and announced by the Pope at the 1310 council. The document made an important distinction that the fate of the Templars rested with the papacy, and no one else.

## Parisian Commission

The Papal Commission in Paris consisted of:
* Gilles Aycelin (Archbishop of Narbonne)
* Guillaume Durand (Bishop of Mende)
* William Bonnet (Bishop of Bayeux)
* Raynaud La Porte (Bishop of Limoges)
* John Montlaur (Bishop Maguelone)
* Matthew Napoli (notary Apostolic)
* John of Mantua (Archdeacon of Trent)
* William Argan (provost of the church of Aix)

## Council

A few days after Faciens misericordiam, the Pope issued the bull Regnans in coelis, which indicated more details about the upcoming ecumenical council. Though directed to convene in 1310, the council was delayed due to the length of the trial against the Templars, but was eventually convened as the Council of Vienne from 1311 to 1312 in Vienne, Isère, southeastern France.
# Marcel Kalla

Marcel Kalla is a Congolese politician who has served as a Deputy in the National Assembly of Congo-Brazzaville since 2012.

## Political career

In the June–August 2007 parliamentary election, Kalla stood as an independent candidate in Mabombo constituency, located in Bouenza Region. In the first round of voting, Kalla placed first with 31.25% of the vote, ahead of Christophe Moukouéké, the candidate of the main opposition party, the Pan-African Union for Social Democracy (UPADS), who received 27.42%. Initial results for the second round showed that Kalla won the seat, defeating Moukouéké. However, UPADS contested the result in Mabombo and four other constituencies. On 13 August 2007, Francois Ibovi, the Minister of Territorial Administration, announced a correction in the results for Mabombo, stating that Moukouéké had actually won the seat with 59.01% of the vote; the previously announced result was attributed to a clerical error.
In the July–August 2012 parliamentary election, Kalla stood as the candidate of the Congolese Labour Party (PCT) in Mabombo and won the seat with 57.14% of the vote, defeating Moukouéké.
Standing as a PCT candidate, Kalla was elected as a local councillor in Mabombo in the September 2014 local elections.
In the July 2017 parliamentary election, he was re-elected to the National Assembly as the PCT candidate in Mabombo, winning the seat in the first round with 57% of the vote.
# E B Meyer Inc.

E B Meyer Inc., also called E B Meyer Inc. dba Meyer Industries, is a U.S. private manufacturing firm located in a small town in Emmett, Idaho that produces Pest Control device called the Rodenator.

## History

Meyer Industries established in 2001, the firm has adapted to growth in the global market and today helps businesses export and import. The company exports 55 percent of its products outside United States even though the company started export its products in 2004.

## Current Product

The Rodenator is an applicable device that injects a precise mixture of oxygen and propane into the dens of burrowing rodents, and kills them with a concussive force that collapses the rodents' tunnel system as well. The company produces three Rodenator models: Rodenator R1, Rodenator R2, and Rodenator R3.

## Awards

2006: U.S. Small Business Administration’s (SBA) 2006 Small Business Exporter of the Year.
2007: Stoel Rives Innovation Award for Agriculture/Environmental.
2008: Idaho Business Review (IBR) Accomplished Under 40 Honoree.
2009: United States Commercial Service (CS) Exporter of the Year Award for 2009 in the Agricultural Category.
# Odiong

Odiong may refer to:
* Edidiong Odiong, an athlete from Bahrain
* Odiong, a barangay in Jagna, Bohol
# Richard Blair

Richard Blair or similar, may refer to:
* Richard Blair (cricketer), English cricketer
* Richard Blair (musician), founder of ChocQuibTown
* Richard Blair (patron) (born 1944), son of George Orwell
* Richard Blair-Oliphant, American composer of music for film and television
* Rick Blair, former CEO of Examiner.com
# Koka

Koka or Kōka may refer to:
* Ahmed Hassan Mahgoub, an Egyptian football player known as Koka.
* Kōka, a Japanese era name
* Kōka, Shiga, Japan, a city created in 2004
** Kōka, Shiga (town), Japan (dissolved and replaced by the city)
** Kōka District, Shiga, Japan (dissolved and replaced by the city)
* Kōka (効果), a type of award point in the judo rules
* Kóka, a village in Hungary
* Koka, Eritrea, a community in Eritrea
* USS Koka, U.S. Navy ships
* Koka (brand), a brand of instant noodles
* Koka Reservoir, a man-made lake in Ethiopia
* Rock-cut tombs
* Koka Subba Rao, Chief Justice of Supreme Court of India
* KOKA, a radio station serving the Shreveport-Bossier City metropolitan area
* Klava Koka, a Russian singer born 1996
# NGC 5752

NGC 5752 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes. It is a member of the Arp 297 interacting galaxies group which comprises four galaxies: NGC 5752, NGC 5753, NGC 5754, NGC 5755.
# William Perkins House

The William Perkins House, now known as the Freemount, is a historic Greek Revival style house in Eutaw, Alabama, United States. The house is a two-story wood-framed building on a raised brick foundation. Four monumental Ionic columns span the front portico. It was built in 1850 by William Perkins on the Eutaw Town Square. According to the 1850 U. S. Federal Census Slave Schedule, William Perkins' household in Greene County included eleven enslaved people, four women and seven men. Their ages ranged from 2–45 years old, and Mr. Perkins is listed as the slave owner. The house was recorded by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1934. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places as a part of the Antebellum Homes in Eutaw Thematic Resource on April 2, 1982, due to its architectural significance. It is also listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage.
# Cychrus haesitans

Cychrus haesitans is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily of Carabinae. It was described by Cavazzuti in 2007.
# Marcus Collins (historian)

Marcus Collins (born 1971) is a historian of contemporary Britain. He was educated at the University of Cambridge, Harvard University and Columbia University and currently teaches at Loughborough University. He is the author of The Beatles and Sixties Britain (Cambridge University Press, 2020), Modern Love (Atlantic, 2003), co-author with Peter Stearns of Why Study History? (LPP, 2020) and editor of The Permissive Society and Its Enemies (Rivers Oram, 2007). He was appointed as the AHRC BBC 100 Fellow in 2022 to stage events commemorating the BBC's centenary. He served as co-convenor of History UK from 2014 to 2017 and as elected member of Council of the Royal Historical Society from 2017 to 2020.
# E Bappa

E Bappa is a 2011 Maldivian family drama directed by Yoosuf Shafeeu. Produced by Koyya Hassan Manik under Lantern Production, the film stars Yoosuf Shafeeu, Sheela Najeeb, Amira Ismail, Fathimath Fareela, Koyya Hassan Manik and Mohamed Manik in pivotal roles. The film was released on 31 May 2011. Upon release, the film received mixed to negative reviews from critics and was considered a box office failure.

## Premise

Hassan (Koyya Hassan Manik) successfully lands a job as a sailor and considering his financial insecurities, leaves his three children and wife, Atheefa (Mariyam Shakeela) to return after few years when he is financially stable. After his departure, Atheefa prostituted herself and abandons her children. Realizing his grave mistake, Hassan divorces Atheefa and is forced to separate the children where he looked after his only daughter, Sheeza (Amira Ismail) and his friend, Adamfulhu took care of his two sons, Liyaz (Yoosuf Shafeeu) and Iyaz (Lufshan Shakeeb). Years later, Atheefa returns to the family and starts brainwashing her children and in-laws while bad-mouthing about their father. Atheefa and Liyaz's wife (Sheela Najeeb) conspire to throw Hassan out of the house when an accident resulted in him being handicapped.

## Cast

* Yoosuf Shafeeu as Liyaz
* Sheela Najeeb as Sabeeaa
* Amira Ismail as Sheeza
* Fathimath Fareela as Mazeena
* Koyya Hassan Manik as Hassan
* Mohamed Manik as Yooshau
* Mariyam Shakeela as Atheefa
* Lufshan Shakeeb as Iyaz
* Roanu Hassan Manik as Mazeena's father
* Maajidha as Nadheema
* Ali Shameel as Sheeza's step-father (Special appearance)
* Mariyam Haleem as Mariyam (Special appearance)
* Reeko Moosa Manik as Moosa (Special appearance)
* Mohamed Rasheed as Adhurey (Special appearance)
* Abdulla Naseer as Alibe (Special appearance)
# German Studies Association

The German Studies Association (GSA) is an international organization of scholars in history, literature, economics, cultural studies, and political science who study Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. The organization began in 1976 as the Western Association for German Studies, and was renamed as the GSA in 1983 after transforming itself into first a North American organization, and then an international one. The association awards the annual Sybil Halpern Milton Memorial Book Prize.

## History

The founder and long-time executive director of the GSA was Professor Gerald R. Kleinfeld of Arizona State University. He also served as the first editor of the association's scholarly journal, the German Studies Review, which was first published in 1978. The executive director's position is currently held by Professor Margaret Menninger of Texas State, while the German Studies Review is edited by Professor Sabine Hake of the University of Texas, Austin. The association is governed by a Board elected by the members in accordance with the GSA by-laws. The GSA holds an annual conference each autumn in a North American location.

## Presidents

The presidents of the association included:
* Ronald Smelser (1989–90)
* Gerhard Weinberg (1997–98)
* Henry Friedlander (2001–2002)
* Patricia Herminghouse, University of Rochester (2003-2004)
* Katherine Roper, St. Mary's College of California (2005-2006)
* Sara Lennox, University of Massachusetts Amherst (2007-2008)
* Celia Applegate, University of Rochester (2009-2010)
* Stephen Brockmann, Carnegie Mellon University (2011-2012)
* Suzanne L. Marchand (2013–2014)
* David E. Barclay
# Obot-Akara

Obot-Akara is in the south of Nigeria and is a Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State whose headquarters is located at Nto Edino.
It is inhabited by the Anaangs ethnic group. It shares borders with Ikwuano.
# Natural and Historical Monuments Act, 1923

The Natural and Historical Monuments Act, 1923 was a South African Act creating a Historical Monuments Commission whose members would identity and seek to take ownership of natural and historical monuments so as to preserve them and prevent further impairment. A monument could be defined as land or scenery of distinctive beauty, fauna, flora or objects, have scientific or historical value and also included waterfalls, caves, bushman paintings, trees and buildings.

## Content of the Act

The following is a brief description of the sections of the Natural and Historical Monuments Act, 1923:

### Definitions and interpretation
#### Section 1

Defines that the Governor-General establish a commission called the Commission for the Preservation of Natural and Historical Monuments of the Union; of no more than seven members; unpaid duties; a chairman and a deputy chosen by the members with the chairman having a casting vote and the names of the members of the commission would be published in the Government Gazette.

#### Section 2

Defines the commission as a body corporate and subject to laws that govern such a body.

#### Section 3

Defines that the funds of the commission can include donations, fees and annual subscriptions. Donations need publishing annually in the Government Gazette.

#### Section 4

Defines the duties of the commission as establish a register of monuments it believes should be preserved; establish who owns the monument; purchase a monument to preserve or prevent its impairment if funds are available and become a trustee of any monument if requested by a person or gifted or bequeath to the state.

#### Section 5

Defines the restrictions to the power of what a commission can do as a trustee of a monument.

#### Section 6

Defines the powers of the Governor-General to make regulations to set procedures for the commission's meetings, the members qualifications, the period they hold office for and other matters required to carry out the commission.

#### Section 7

Defines the commissions powers to make by-laws, subject to the approval of the Governor-General, such as regulating to access monuments, fix entrance fees and safeguard monuments from damage.

#### Section 8

Defines what the word monument means in relation to the Act.

#### Section 9

Defines the short title of the Act.
# NATO Commander

NATO Commander is a strategy video game designed by Sid Meier for Atari 8-bit computers and published in 1983 by MicroProse. Ports to the Apple II, and Commodore 64 were released the following year.
The player takes the role of the Supreme Allied Commander of NATO forces in Europe as they respond to a massive Warsaw Pact attack. The goal is to slow their advance and inflict casualties, hoping to force a diplomatic end to the war before West Germany is overrun.
The same game engine was also used as the basis for Conflict in Vietnam, Crusade in Europe and Decision in the Desert.

## Gameplay

The scenario involves a Cold War Soviet invasion of West Germany. The player is given operational control of NATO land armies, while the computer controls the Soviets, and must repel the invasion by deploying his forces geographically and choosing their offensive or defensive roles. As the battle progresses, both operational and political factors influence the outcome. NATO may lose or win back cities and territory; according to the scenario chosen the player had the option to decide to stave off the Warsaw Pact onslaught by countercharging head-on, buying time for space awaiting a diplomatic solution, or mounting a counteroffensive.
The game's interface has strong similarities to the seminal Eastern Front in the way the map is displayed and various orders are given to the units, but NATO Commander takes place in real-time, with one second of time representing 5 minutes passing in the game. It also has various unit types including armor, infantry, armored infantry (mostly for reconnaissance), airborne troops, air force and helicopters. The latter are useful for attacking Soviet units that are isolated or surrounded, which protects them from surface-to-air missiles from the Soviet side of the map. Another major change is the hidden movement system, which only displays Soviet units that are visible to the allied units. Air forces can be used for air superiority, ground attack or as a reconnaissance force to help reveal the hidden Soviet forces.
The game has a variety of scenarios, each one larger than the last. The first is simply a limited encounter on the front, while the next include a counterattack around the Hannover-Hamburg axis, awaiting the French Army's mobilization or the Italian Army's decision to enter the fray or not. Tactical nuclear weapons and chemical weapons are available to both sides but their use often carried heavy image penalties and could initiate an escalation. In the end, either the player or the Soviets surrender, based on how much land and combat-ready forces remain.

## Reception

Computer Gaming World in 1984 criticized NATO Commander for being imbalanced in favor of the Warsaw Pact, but concluded that the game was one of the first combat games to take advantage of computer power, resulting in a "superb strategic simulation". A 1992 survey in the magazine of wargames with modern settings gave the game three stars out of five, and a 1994 survey gave it two-plus stars.