OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mutualism Parasitism Continuum

The hypothesis or paradigm of Mutualism Parasitism Continuum postulates that compatible host-symbiont associations can occupy a broad continuum of interactions with different fitness outcomes for each member.
At one end of the continuum lies obligate mutualism where both host and symbiont benefit from the interaction and are dependent on it for survival. At the other end of the continuum highly parasitic interactions can occur, where one member gains a fitness benefit at the expense of the others survival. Between these extremes many different types of interaction are possible.
The degree of change between mutualism or parasitism varies depending on the availability of resources, where there is environmental stress generated by few resources, symbiotic relationships are formed while in environments where there is an excess of resources, biological interactions turn to competition and parasitism.
Classically the transmission mode of the symbiont can also be important in predicting where on the mutualism-parasitism-continuum an interaction will sit. Symbionts that are vertically transmitted (inherited symbionts) frequently occupy mutualism space on the continuum, this is due to the aligned reproductive interests between host and symbiont that are generated under vertical transmission. In some systems increases in the relative contribution of horizontal transmission can drive selection for parasitism.
Studies of this hypothesis have focused on host-symbiont models of plants and fungi, and also of animals and microbes.
# Mutuality

Mutuality can refer to:
* Mutualism (disambiguation)
* Reciprocity (disambiguation)
# Jenny Apolant

Jenny Apolant (1874–1925) was a German Jewish feminist and women's suffrage activist. Apolant played a key role in the early movement for women's rights in Germany.
In 1907, Apolant established the Information Center for Women's Community Services, a project of the General German Women's Association (Allgemeinen Deutschen Frauenverein). During her time in the organization, she authored numerous writings on the role of women in German society. She was a member of the Central Association of German Citizens of Jewish Faith.
From 1919 to 1924, Apolant served as a DDP municipal councillor in Frankfurt, making her one of the first women to hold such position. In 1922, she founded the Political Workers Association (Politische Arbeitsgemeinschaft) which provided women with political education and prepared them to hold public office.

## Biography

Jenny Rathenau was born on 5 November 1874 in Berlin, Germany, to Mathilde Rathenau (née Nachman) and industrialist Emil Rathenau. She attended Humboldt Academy (Humboldtakademie) from 1891 to 1895, where she received lectures on art history and music. In 1899, Apolant married doctor and experimental cancer researcher, Hugo Apolant (1866–1915); their daughter Sophie Ella was born in January 1900. The family moved to Frankfurt in 1905 for Hugo's job. While in Frankfurt, she founded temperance restaurants and worked in connection with hospitals.
Her husband Hugo Apolant died in 1915. Jenny Apolant suffered from financial and health problems in her later years. She was forced to stay in sanatoriums after several breakdowns, yet kept a positive spirit. Apolant died on 5 June 1925 of a heart condition. After Jenny's death, in the face of adversity from the Nazis, the Jewish Women's League recalled her as one person who was "inseparable from the story of the German women's movement." She was remembered fondly by Rabbi Georg Salzberger in his memoir.
# Mycterocera

Mycterocera is a genus of flies in the family Stratiomyidae.

## Distribution

Argentina.

## Species

* Mycterocera contigua James, 1967
# Ken Schram

Kenneth George Schram (December 17, 1947 – May 29, 2014) was an American news and radio broadcaster. He was based in Seattle, Washington and was the former host of local-affairs show Town Meeting and KOMO 4’s evening news segments called "Schram on the Street." For several years he hosted a radio show, The Commentators, on KOMO Newsradio with conservative John Carlson.
That show was discontinued in September 2010. Starting September 20, 2010, Schram and Carlson each began hosting new, separate shows on the same station, with Carlson on from 9:00AM to Noon and Schram from Noon to 3:00PM. Schram is also known for his personal award, the "Schrammie", which he gave out on the air to "underscore what I think are among the worst of bone-headed decision, and/or the most appalling of asinine behavior", usually to local or regional newsmakers.
After a 35-year career, Ken Schram was laid off from KOMO 4 and Radio on December 7, 2012, citing cutbacks to full-time employees.
On May 28, 2014, Schram's long-time colleague John Carlson announced on the radio that Schram was gravely ill with kidney failure. He died at a hospice in Kirkland, Washington the next day of an infection, aged 66.
# Kebagh dance

Kebagh dance, formerly known as the Semban Bidodari, is a traditional Palembang dance originating in Pagaralam, South Sumatra, Indonesia. This dance is characterized by the movement of opening both hands, such as spreading wings, and is usually performed to welcome distinguished guests in traditional ceremonies.
Kebaghl is the oldest traditional dance that is very popular in the Besemah area since ancient times. Although it was banned until the 1940s by the Dutch colonial government, this dance is still preserved and taught from generation to generation.

## Etymology

The word kebagh comes from the Besemah language, which means to spread wings, while semban bidodari refers to the large scarf worn by dancers.

## Performance

Kebagh dance is the oldest traditional Basemah art in Pagar Alam. The dancer is a girl. Kebagh dance is held at the time of welcoming the great guest/guest of honor at an official event or a wedding reception ceremony. Kebagh dance in ancient times was categorized as a sacred dance.
This dance has existed since the Dutch colonial era which has entered Pagar Alam. The Kebagh dance was created by the residents of Basemah village who at that time wanted to show an entertainment in order to welcome the grand guest/guest of honor at the wedding reception in their village. This dance is accompanied by kenong and rebab and is usually held in an open courtyard.
This dance is danced in pairs in the courtyard at night. The kebagh dance movement is inspired by the movement of the Dinang bird, this bird has a habit of living in groups and has beautiful movements and colors. Some of the people of Basemah believe that the Kebah dance was originally danced by an angel who became Puyang Serunting Sakti's wife.
# Kebab Connection

Kebab Connection is a 2004 German-Turkish comedy film with some slapstick that is set in Hamburg and directed by Anno Saul.

## Plot

Ibo (Denis Moschitto) is a young Turkish-German man who is an aspiring filmmaker. A clash of cultures and pre-parental anxiety ensues after Ibo's German girlfriend, Titzi (Nora Tschirner), announces that she's pregnant. Ibo's father (Güven Kıraç) is upset at his son for wanting to start a family with a non-Turkish German woman while Titzi is upset at Ibo over his hesitance in taking on fatherly responsibilities. Other themes are the competition of a Turkish kebab restaurant and a Greek taverna, a gang trying to extort the owner of the kebab restaurant, Ibo's quest to make the first German Kung-Fu movie and the pursuit of both Titzi and her roommate at a prestigious drama academy.

## Cast

* Denis Moschitto - Ibo
* Nora Tschirner - Titzi
* Güven Kıraç - Ibo's father
* Hasan Ali Mete - Onkel Ahmet
* Adnan Maral - Kirianis
* Fahri Yardım - Lefty
* Adam Bousdoukos - Valid
* Cem Akın - Altan
* Nursel Köse - Hatice
* Tatjana Velimirov - Stella
* Romina Fütterer - Ayla
* Kida Khodr Ramadan - Özgür
# Ken Yates

Ken Yates is a Canadian folk singer-songwriter, who won the Canadian Folk Music Awards for English Songwriter of the Year and New/Emerging Artist of the Year at the 13th Canadian Folk Music Awards in 2017.
Originally from London, Ontario, Yates studied at the Berklee College of Music. He released The Backseat EP in 2011, and followed up with his full-length debut twenty-three in 2013. He won the Colleen Peterson Songwriting Award in 2014 for his song "The One That Got Away".
His second album, Huntsville, was released in 2016 and was produced by Jim Bryson.
Yates released the singles, "Two Wrongs", "Quiet Talkers", and "When We Came Home", in advance of his full-length album, Quiet Talkers, released in 2020. He released his next album, Cerulean, on June 3, 2022.

## Discography

* Twenty-Three (2013, Mishara Music)
* Huntsville (2016, Self-Released)
* Quiet Talkers (2020, Self-Released)
* Cerulean (2022, Self-Released)
# Jean Léonard Barrié

Jean Léonard Barrié, (French pronunciation:; 28 February 1762 in Saint-Béat, Haute-Garonne − 15 February 1848 in Toulouse) was a French general of the Napoleonic era.

## Biography
### From volunteer to Chief of Brigade

He entered the army as a volunteer on 21 September 1792 in the 1st Saint-Gaudens Battalion and became a captain on 28 October following.
* This biographical article related to the French military is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# My Angel (2011 film)

My Angel is a 2011 British Christmas film written, directed and produced by Stephen Cookson. Starring Timothy Spall, Brenda Blethyn, Celia Imrie, Mel Smith and introducing Joseph Phillips, it tells the story of a boy, played by the last, looking for an angel to save his mother after an accident. Shot in Northwood for less than £2 million, My Angel scooped best film, newcomer, director, producer, screenplay, plus best actor and actress for Blethyn and Spall at the Monaco International Film Festival. Re-titled as Christmas Angel and released on DVD in the UK on 4 November 2013. Released in the US by BBC Home Entertainment on 19 November 2013.

## Plot

Fifteen-year-old Eddie (Joseph Phillips) is on a shopping trip with his mother when she is tragically struck by a car and left in critical condition. With their father absent from their lives, Eddie and his brother Stewart (Angus Harrison) face the daunting prospect of potentially losing their mother just as Christmas approaches. One night, Eddie's mother visits him in a dream urging him to find a halo so that she may be saved. Stewart scoffs at Eddie's "childish" dream and the only person Eddie can turn to is the grumpy Mr Lambert (Spall), from his school. Will Eddie be able to find an angel and save his mother before Christmas?

## Cast

* Joseph Phillips — Eddie
* Brenda Blethyn — Headmistress
* Timothy Spall — Mr Lambert
* Mel Smith — Uncle Richard
* Celia Imrie — The Librarian
* Angus Harrison — Stewart

## Reception
### Accolades

List of awards and nominations :
| Award | Category | Recipients and nominees | Result |
| Angel Film Awards | Best Feature Film | Stephen Cookson | Won |
| Angel Film Awards | Best Actor | Timothy Spall | Won |
| Angel Film Awards | Best Actress | Brenda Blethyn | Won |
| Angel Film Awards | Best Director | Stephen Cookson | Won |
| Angel Film Awards | Best Newcomer | Joseph Phillips | Won |
| Angel Film Awards | Best Producer, Feature Film | Peter Keegan | Won |
| Angel Film Awards | Best Script | Stephen Cookson | Won |
# My American Wife (1936 film)

My American Wife is a 1936 American comedy film directed by Harold Young and written by Elmer Davis, Edith Fitzgerald and Virginia Van Upp. The film stars Francis Lederer, Ann Sothern, Fred Stone, Billie Burke, Ernest Cossart and Grant Mitchell. The film was released on August 7, 1936, by Paramount Pictures.

## Cast

* Francis Lederer as Count Ferdinand von und zu Reidenach
* Ann Sothern as Mary Cantillon
* Fred Stone as Lafe Cantillon
* Billie Burke as Mrs. Robert Cantillon
* Ernest Cossart as Adolphe
* Grant Mitchell as Robert Cantillon
* Hal K. Dawson as Stephen Cantillon
* Helene Millard as Mrs. Vincent Cantillon
* Adrian Morris as Vincent Cantillon
* Dora Clement as Agnes, Mrs. Stephen Cantillon
* C. Montague Shaw as Butler
# RTV Živinice

RTV Živinice or Televizija Živinice is a local Bosnian public television channel based in the Živinice municipality. It was established on 4 May 1992 as one of the first TV stations in independent Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 1996, Television Živinice was registered as a public company, and in 2000, it was preregistered as a public institution founded by the Municipality of Živinice.
RTV Živinice broadcasts a variety of programs such as local news, sports, and documentaries. Programs are primarily produced in Bosnian.
# Fry's Gap, Texas

Fry's Gap is an unincorporated community in Cherokee County, located in the U.S. state of Texas.
# Kingston, Prince Edward Island

Kingston is a rural municipality in Prince Edward Island, Canada. It is located within Queens County to the west of Charlottetown. The community is mainly farms with a small residential area.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Kingston had a population of 1,111 living in 395 of its 412 total private dwellings, a change of 6.1% from its 2016 population of 1,047. With a land area of 48.38 km$^2$ (18.68 sq mi), it had a population density of 23.0/km$^2$ (59.5/sq mi) in 2021.

## Government

Local government in Kingston is in the form of a seven-member community council with a chair. The council sits at Cornwall Post Office in Cornwall, Prince Edward Island.
Provincially, the area is covered by the following three districts with a MLA representing each:
* West Royalty-Springvale;
* Cornwall-Meadowbank; and
* Kellys Cross-Cumberland.
At the federal level, it is located within the riding of Charlottetown.

## Attractions

Kingston United Church c. 1863

## Royalty

King of Kingston, Noah Woodworth c. 1999

## Transportation

The main roads in Kingston is Kingston Road (Route 235 (Prince Edward Island)) and Bannockburn Road (Route 247 (Prince Edward Island)) are secondary provincial highways. The closest airport is Charlottetown Airport and there are no railway lines as they are not found in the province.
# Rimulanax

Rimulanax is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets and slit limpets.
This genus is a taxon inquerendum and is possibly a synonym of Puncturella. Cunha et al. 2019 sequenced material of Puncturella aff. corolla and this clustered within Puncturella suggesting that Rimulanax is not distinct from Puncturella and that it is referable to the Zeidorinae.

## Species

Species within the genus Rimulanax include:
* Rimulanax aethiopica (E. von Martens, 1902)
* Rimulanax corolla (Verco, 1908)
# Iidva Nature Reserve

Iidva Nature Reserve is a nature reserve which is located in Järva County, Estonia.
The area of the nature reserve is 810 hectares (2,000 acres).
The protected area was founded in 2006 to protect valuable habitat types and threatened species in Änari village (Türi Parish) and Piiumetsa and Roovere village (both in former Väätsa Parish).
# Hawaiian cuisine (disambiguation)

Hawaiian cuisine may refer to:
* Cuisine of Hawaii, the broader food culture of the islands including the fusion of native, immigrant, ethnic, local, and restaurant cuisines within the diverse state of Hawaii.
* Native Hawaiian cuisine, pre-contact Polynesian cuisine and food eaten by ethnic Hawaiians
* Hawaii regional cuisine, a distinct fusion style popularized by professional chefs in Hawaii
# Igor Vereshchagin

Igor Evgenievich Vereshchagin (29 May 1952, in Kamensk-Uralskiy) is a Russian music and street photographer.

## Biography

Igor Vereshchagin was born on the 29 May 1952 in the town of Kamensk-Uralskiy of Sverdlovsk region. He graduated from the faculty of radiotechnics of Tomsk Institute of Radioelectronics and Electronic Technology (nowadays Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radio-electronics).
After finishing his studies at the institute, Igor Vereshchagin worked for several years at the electronic computing machines center of the Bratsk Aluminum Plant and later became the chief of its photo service. At the same time, he started photographing for some newspapers and magazines, but his dream to photograph musicians and street scenes came true only after he had left for Moscow.

### Career

Igor Vereshchagin took his first photographs in 1957 when he was 5. At the age of 42 he moved to Moscow where he met Artur Pilavin, a leader of the group “The Kvartal”. The musicians of the group were the first that Vereshchagin began to take pictures of in the capital.
The photographer soon got acquainted with Garik Sukachov, and took some photos of him by his own personal request at the MHAT (Moscow Art Theatre) concert on the 25th of October in 1996. Soon after the concert he started working as an exclusive photographer for all of Sukachev's films: “The Crises of Middle Age” (1997), “The Holiday” (2001), “The House of the Sun” (2010). This period becomes the start of Vereshchagin's work with artists and musicians.
The works of Vereshchagin were published in many Russian and western magazines. For several years he worked as a member of a part-time staff in such magazines as: “Ogoniok”, “Sobesednick”, “Stas”, “Medved”, “Ptyuch”, “Expert”, “Photo/Video”, “Theater”, “Sputnick telezritelya”, “Zhivoy Zvook”, “Elements”, “ Week” (newspaper), ”Moskovskij Komsomolets” (newspaper).
Vereshchagin's photographs were also used for the designs of posters and covers of musical albums.
The personal exhibition of Igor Vereshchagin, Given and Stolen, was held at MAAM (Multimedia Art Museum) from March to April. It was held within the framework of the Moscow Bienalle "Fashion and Style in Photography." In 2017, he published the book Given and Stolen.

## Family

His wife is Vereshchagina Vera Vasilievna, an entrepreneur, and their daughter is Irina, born in 1974. They have grandchildren, Alina, born 1997, and Maxim, born 2003.
# Illegal character

In computer science, an illegal character is a character that is not allowed by a certain programming language, protocol, or program. To avoid illegal characters, some languages may use an escape character which is a backslash followed by another character.

## Examples
### Windows

In the Windows operating system, illegal characters in file and folder names include colons, brackets, question marks, and null characters.
Illegal characters in Windows file names :
| Character | Name |
| < | less than |
| > | greater than |
| : | colon |
| " | speech marks |
| / | forward slash |
| \ | backslash |
| | | pipe |
| ? | question mark |
| * | asterisk |
# Hans-Jürgen Bombach

Hans-Jürgen Bombach (born 11 August 1945, in Wehrsdorf) is a former sprinter who specialized in the 100 and 200 metres. He represented East Germany and competed for the club SC Dynamo Berlin.
On 20 July 1973 he established a new European record in 100 metres with 10.0 seconds in Dresden. The next day he ran the 200 m on the same track and set a new East German record of 20.2 seconds.

## Achievements

| Year | Tournament | Venue | Result | Extra |
| 1969 | European Championships | Athens, Greece | 4th | 200 m |
| 1969 | European Championships | Athens, Greece | 5th | 4 × 100 m relay |
| 1972 | Olympic Games | Munich, West Germany | 5th | 4 × 100 m relay |
| 1974 | European Championships | Rome, Italy | 3rd | 200 m |
| 1974 | European Championships | Rome, Italy | 3rd | 4 × 100 m relay |
# Hans-Jürgen Bode

Hans-Jürgen Bode (27 June 1941 – 6 October 2022) was a West German handball player who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics.
In 1972 he was part of the West German team which finished sixth in the Olympic tournament. He played three matches as goalkeeper.
Bode died on 6 October 2022 following a short illness.
# Illinois Central Railroad Depot

Illinois Central Railroad Depot, and variations, may refer to:

## Illinois

* Amboy Illinois Central Depot, Amboy, Illinois, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)
* Illinois Central Railroad Passenger Depot (Carbondale, Illinois), listed on the NRHP in Jackson County, Illinois
* Illinois Central Railroad and Toledo, Peoria, and Western Railroad Freight House, El Paso, Illinois, listed on the NRHP in Illinois
* Illinois Central Railroad Depot (Kankakee, Illinois), NRHP-listed
* Illinois Central Railroad Water Tower and Pump House, Kinmundy, Illinois, NRHP-listed
* Illinois Central Railroad Depot (Mattoon, Illinois), NRHP-listed
* Illinois Central Railroad Depot (Ullin, Illinois), NRHP-listed

## Indiana

* Illinois Central Railroad Freight Depot (Bloomington, Indiana), listed on the NRHP in Monroe County, Indiana

## Iowa

* Ackley Combination Depot, listed on the NRHP in Hardin County, Iowa
* Alta Depot
* Aurelia Depot
* Cherokee Depot and Yard, listed on the NRHP in Iowa
* Cleghorn Depot
* Denison Depot
* Gaza Depot
* George Depot
* Independence Depot
* Iowa Falls Depot
* Manchester Depot
* Meriden Depot
* Osage Depot
* Parkersburg Depot
* Pomeroy Depot
* Primghar Depot
* Rock Rapids Depot
* St. Ansgar Depot
* Sioux City Depot
* Storm Lake Passenger Depot, listed on the NRHP in Iowa
* Ticonic Depot
* Waverly Depot
* Webster City Depot
* Woodbine Depot

## Kentucky

* Illinois Central Railroad Station and Freight Depot (Bardwell, Kentucky), listed on the NRHP in Kentucky

## Minnesota

* Steen Depot

## Mississippi

* Illinois Central Railroad Depot (Brookhaven, Mississippi) Brookhaven, Mississippi
* Delta Blues Museum, former station in Clarksdale, Mississippi, listed on the NRHP in Mississippi, alternatively known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot
* Illinois Central Depot (Grenada, Mississippi), listed on the NRHP in Grenada County, Mississippi
* Illinois Central Railroad Passenger Depot (Hazlehurst, Mississippi), listed on the NRHP in Copiah County, Mississippi
* Illinois Central Railroad Freight Depot (Natchez, Mississippi), a Mississippi Landmark
* Illinois Central Railroad Depot (Raymond, Mississippi), listed on the NRHP in Hinds County, Mississippi
* Illinois Central Railroad Depot (Terry, Mississippi), listed on the NRHP in Hinds County, Mississippi

## South Dakota

* Illinois Central Passenger Depot (Sioux Falls, South Dakota), listed on the NRHP in Minnehaha County, South Dakota

## Tennessee

* Illinois Central Railroad Division Office, Jackson, Tennessee, listed on the NRHP in Madison County, Tennessee
* Newbern Illinois Central Depot, Newbern, Tennessee, NRHP-listed

## Wisconsin

* Argyle Depot
* Basco Depot
* Belleville Depot
* Dodgeville Depot
* Madison Freighthouse
* Martintown Depot
* Monroe Freighthouse
# Imamieh

Imamieh is a suburb of Tabriz, Iran found in the southern part of the city. It is famous for its Imamieh cemetery (or Emamiyyeh cemetery; Farsi:قبرستان امامیه) where author Samad Behrangi has been buried.
# Imgu Pung clan

The Imgu Pung clan (Korean: 임구 풍씨; Hanja: 臨朐 馮氏) is a Korean clan (Bon-gwan). The clan was located in Linqu County, Weifang, Shandong, China.
According to research carried out in 2015, the Imgu Pung clan had 592 members. The clan was founded by Pung Sam sa who belonged to the Linqu people of the Ming dynasty. When the Ming dynasty was replaced by the Qing dynasty, Pung Sam sa was captured and detained in Shenyang. He was captured following his rebellion against the Qing dynasty, hoping to reinstate the Ming dynasty. Following his incarceration, he moved and was naturalized in Joseon with Hyojong of Joseon, who became a hostage during Qing invasion of Joseon.
# Imhausen

Imhausen may refer to:

## Places

* Meinerzhagen, a German town in North Rhine-Westphalia with a division named Imhausen
* Windeck, a German town in North Rhine-Westphalia with a division named Imhausen

## People

* Annette Imhausen, German historian of ancient Egyptian mathematics

## Other

* Imhausen-Chemie, a West German chemical company implicated by Michael R. Gordon in Libyan chemical weapons production
* The Imhausen high-pressure process for coal liquefaction