OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hunner's ulcer

Hunner's ulcers or Hunner's lesions occur in 5 to 10 percent of people who have the bladder disease interstitial cystitis. They form on the wall of the bladder and, like any ulcer, they can bleed, ooze, and may vary in size. They were first described by Guy LeRoy Hunner, a Johns Hopkins gynecologist, in a paper delivered to the Boston Medical Society in 1915.

## Diagnosis

Hunner's ulcers can only be accurately diagnosed via a cystoscopy, and at the same time can be treated with hydrodistention. The procedure is performed by a urologist either as an in office procedure or while the patient is under general anaesthesia as a day surgery.

## Prevention

The drug Elmiron helps, for some patients, to prevent the formation of Hunner's ulcers by coating the bladder wall, thus making it harder for the acid in urine to irritate the bladder wall lining, which can lead to ulceration. Elmiron is a controversial medication within the interstitial cystitis community, with its efficacy questioned by many. Elmiron has also led to long term eye damage from use.

## Treatment

The ulcers can be removed through fulguration (burned off with the use of electricity or a laser) or resection (cutting around the ulcer, removing both the ulcer and the surrounding inflamed tissue). Some ulcers may recur in the same location.
Many patients choose to live with the ulcers and treat the symptoms associated with them through bladder instillations and/or pain medication/therapy.
Patients with interstitial cystitis may find relief by modifying their diet to remove foods and beverages that trigger symptoms: caffeinated beverages, particularly coffee (regular and decaf), tea, green tea, soda, artificial sugars and fruit juices. Cranberry juice may also trigger intense pain and discomfort. However, studies about the impact of specific foods and drinks on Hunner's ulcer symptoms are limited.
# Jens Hansen

Jens Hansen may refer to:
* Jens Hoyer Hansen (1940–1999), Danish-born New Zealand jeweller
* Jens Jørgen Hansen (born 1939), Danish former football player and manager
* Jens Kristian Hansen (born 1971), Faroese football player
* Jens Marni Hansen (born 1974), Faroese singer, songwriter, composer and musician
* Jens Peter Hansen (1927–1996), Danish amateur footballer
* Jens Christian Hansen (1932–2014), Norwegian geographer
* Jens Smedegaard Hansen (born 1957), Danish Olympic sprinter
# Jeremiah S. Jeremiah

Jeremiah S. Jeremiah, Jr. (1935 – July 19, 2015) was an American jurist who served as the Chief Judge of the Rhode Island Family Court from March 1987 until June 2010.

## Early life and career

The son of Jeremiah S. Jeremiah and his wife, Lorna, Jeremiah Jr. was of Greek and Canadian descent. A lifelong resident of Cranston, Rhode Island, he had one sister, who also pursued a career in law and became a judge, Constance Messore.
He grew up with future U.S. Senator Jack Reed. Jeremiah attended Boston University, earning a bachelor's degree and then a law degree in 1961. He served in the U.S. Army Reserve from 1957 to 1967, as an artillery officer and battalion adjutant. For his service, he was awarded the Commander's Award for Public Service by the Department of the Army.
In 1963, Jeremiah was appointed as assistant city solicitor for the city of Cranston. In 1978 Jeremiah was promoted to city solicitor, serving in that position until 1984. When Cranston Mayor Edward DiPrete won the gubernatorial election in 1984, Jeremiah was appointed Executive Counsel to the Governor of the State of Rhode Island and served in that capacity from January 1985 until his appointment to the Family Court bench as an associate judge in March 1986.

## Judicial career

In March 1987, Governor DiPrete appointed Judge Jeremiah to be the chief judge of the Rhode Island Family Court.
As Chief Judge, Jeremiah oversaw the creation of the Juvenile Drug Court, the Family Treatment Court and the Mental Health Court Clinic. He also served on the board of trustees of the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges and the Rhode Island Governor's Justice Commission.
Judge Jeremiah was named the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges Judge of the Year in 2005. He was also awarded the “Distinguished Service to Literacy Award” by the American Bar Association and the Scripps Howard Foundation.
Jeremiah retired from the bench in June 2010. Associate Family Court Judge Haiganush R. Bedrosian succeeded him as Chief Judge.

## Controversies

In April 2012, community activist Anne Grant argued in an op-ed in The Providence Journal against a bill that would have created a special chief judge emeritus license plate for Judge Jeremiah's use. Among other things, Grant argued that Jeremiah's record and that of DiPrete, the Governor who appointed him to the bench and was later imprisoned for corruption, warranted a closer look at Jeremiah's actions as Chief Judge.

## Death

Judge Jeremiah died after a long illness on July 19, 2015.
# Human rights in the Falkland Islands

The legal protection of human rights in the Falkland Islands is guaranteed by Chapter I of the Constitution of the Falkland Islands. The wording is broadly taken from documents such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the European Convention on Human Rights, although there is a greater emphasis on the right of self-determination.
* This human rights-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Matthew Frye Jacobson

Matthew Frye Jacobson is an American historian whose research concerns politics and race in all eras of American history. He is the Sterling Professor of American Studies and History and Professor of African American Studies at Yale University. From 2012 to 2013 he was president of the American Studies Association.

## Education

Jacobson earned a BA from Evergreen State College and an MA from Boston College. He received his doctorate in American Civilization in 1992 from Brown University.

## Works

* Special Sorrows: The Diasporic Imagination of Irish, Polish, and Jewish Immigrants in the United States (1995)
* Whiteness of a Different Color: European Immigrants and the Alchemy of Race (1998)
* Barbarian Virtues: The United States Encounters Foreign Peoples at Home and Abroad, 1876-1917 (2000)
* Roots Too: White Ethnic Revival in Post-Civil Rights America (2005)
* What Have They Built You to Do?: The Manchurian Candidate and Cold War America (with Gaspar González, 2006)
* The Historian’s Eye: Photography, History, and the American Present (2018)
* Dancing Down the Barricades: Sammy Davis Jr. and the Long Civil Rights Era (2023)

## Film

Jacobsen served as the creator, writing, and lead researcher on the documentary film, A Long Way from Home: The Untold Story of Baseball’s Desegregation (Hammer & Nail Productions, 2019). The film won a Golden Telly Award for General Television Documentary.
# Matthew Wyatt

Matthew Wyatt may refer to:
* Matthew Digby Wyatt (1820–1877), British architect and art historian
* Matthew Cotes Wyatt (1777–1862), painter and sculptor
* Matt Wyatt (born 1978), American rugby union player
# Hung Lan-yu

Hung Lan-yu (Chinese: 洪蘭友; 1900–1958) was a Chinese politician.

## Life and career

Hung, a Jiangsu native born in 1900, studied law at Aurora University in Shanghai. He was a member of the Kuomintang affiliated with the CC Clique who served as an executive in several party committees. Hung was appointed the first secretary general of the National Assembly in November 1947. In addition, he served as Minister of the Interior from December 1948 to April 1949. Hung retained the position of secretary-general of the National Assembly after retreating to Taiwan with other officials of the government of the Republic of China, and remained in office until his death in Taipei on 28 September 1958.
# Hunhukwe

Hunhukwe is a village in Kgalagadi District of Botswana. It is located in the northern part of the district, and it has a primary school and a clinic. The population was 753 in 2011 census.
# Maurice Devenney

Alderman Maurice Devenney (born 1 January 1959) is a Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) politician who was a Derry and Strabane Councillor for the Sperrin DEA from 2019 to 2023.
Devenney also briefly served as a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for Foyle from 2014 to 2015.

## Career

Devenney was first elected to Derry City Council in 2005 as a member for the Rural DEA, having unsuccessfully contested that District in 1997. Between 2011 and 2012, he served as Mayor of the city. He was elected to the successor council of Derry and Strabane, representing the Faughan DEA, in 2014.
In October 2014, he was co-opted to the Northern Ireland Assembly to replace retiring Speaker and MLA for Foyle, Willie Hay, but resigned from the Assembly five months later to continue as a councillor.
In February 2016, Devenney resigned from the DUP. A few weeks beforehand, he had been suspended from the party. The suspension was linked to an allegation that Devenney had encouraged DUP voters to instead vote for the SDLP candidate Mark Durkan outside a polling station. Devenney later denied these allegations and claimed they were part of an underlying scheme by the Democratic Unionist Party to withdraw him from the organisation for having opposing political views.
He would go on to contest Foyle as an Independent in the Assembly election that same year, but was unsuccessful, polling 1,173 first preference votes (2.95% of votes cast.)
In 2019, Devenney rejoined the DUP, and was subsequently elected onto Derry and Strabane Council in the that year's local elections, this time representing the Sperrin DEA. He lost his seat in the 2023 local elections.
# Maurice Devereaux

Maurice Devereaux is a Canadian film director, screenwriter and film producer through his production company, Maurice Devereaux Productions.

## Biography

Maurice Devereaux (pronounced Morris Devro) was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and showed an interest in movies at an early age. He writes, produces, directs and edits his own films ever since he studied cinema at Ahuntsic College. Devereaux's self-description was featured on the Slashers DVD:
   "Mine is a typical film-geek heritage; tons of Spielberg, Lucas and comic book superheroes as a kid. Superman the Movie, Star Wars, Close Encounters, Empire and Raiders are the movies that made me want to become a movie maker. In my teens, Carpenter, Kubrick, Raimi, Coppola, Romero and Argento were a huge influence. I also learned a lot reading Starlog and Fangoria magazines. In my twenties Lynch, Von Trier, the Coens, Jodorowsky, Rohmer, Allen and Scorsese had become a big part of my cinephile diet. Gigs directing and editing commercials and music videos, co-writing, editing and assistant-directing various shorts and features for filmmaker friends kept me alive during the long years trying to complete my own features."
After his self-financed first effort, Blood Symbol (1994), his second feature, Lady of the Lake (1998) and his follow-up, Slashers (2001), were distributed in the United States under the "Fangoria presents" label, and in the U.K., Canada, France, and Germany. He then wrote and directed PMS: Survival Tips (2003), a short film shot over a week-end, winner of the most popular film at the SPASM film festival, and a YouTube hit (December 2006) with well over 2 million viewers in just a month.

## End of the Line

Devereaux's latest film, End of the Line (2007) was an official selection of the Toronto International Film Festival and won the Audience Award for Best Feature at the Dead by Dawn film festival in Scotland (2007) and the Silver Audience Award at Fantasia Film Festival in Montreal (2007). It has also appeared at many other prestigious film festivals (San Sebastien Horror and Fantasy Film Festival in Spain, Boston Underground Film Festival, Philadelphia Film Festival, Palm Springs International Film Festival, Kingston Canadian Film Festival, Nashville Film Festival, Brussels International Festival of Fantastic Film).

## Filmography
### Writer, Producer, Director, Editor

* Blood Symbol (1994)
* Lady of the Lake (1998)
* Slashers (2001)
* PMS: Survival Tips (short film, winner most popular film, SPASM film festival) (2003)
* End of the Line (official selection, Toronto International Film Festival) (2007)
# Jeppo

Jeppo may refer to:
* Jeppo (village), a settlement in Finland
* a soubriquet for people with the name Jepson
* Carly Rae Jepsen (b. 1985), Canadian singer
# Maude

Maude may refer to:

## Places

* Cape Maude, a high ice-covered cape forming the east end of Vaughan promontory in Antarctica
* Mount Maude, a peak in Washington state, US

### Australia

* Maude, New South Wales, a village on the lower Murrumbidgee River
* Maude, South Australia, a locality
* Maude, Victoria, a rural township

## Other uses

* Maude (name), a female given name (including a list of people with the name)
* Maude (TV series), a 1972–1978 CBS television situation comedy
* Maude (restaurant), a Michelin-starred restaurant by Curtis Stone in Beverly Hills, California
* Maude system, implementing reflective logic and rewriting logic
# Maude, South Australia

Maude is a locality on the Goyder Highway in the Mid North region of South Australia.
The locality of Maude occupies the entire Hundred of Maude from which it derives its name. The Hundred of Maude was renamed in 1918 after General Maude as part of the programme of alteration of "names of enemy origin". The Hundred of Maude had previously been the Hundred of Schomburgk, named in 1880 for Dr Richard Von Schomburgk, the second director of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens.
Maude includes the former town of Florieton. Florieton was named in 1882 for Florence Annie Price, the daughter-in-law of the Governor of South Australia, William Jervois. A school opened in 1890, but along with the rest of the town has long disappeared.
Maude is predominantly saltbush grasslands used for pastoral farming, grazing of sheep or cattle. In 2018, a proposal to build a 200MW solar photovoltaic power station was submitted to the state government for development approval.
# Maude, Victoria

Maude is a locality near Geelong, Victoria, Australia 92 kilometres (57 mi) southwest of Melbourne in the Golden Plains Shire. At the 2016 census, Maude had a population of 223.
Maude Post Office opened on 1 August 1862 and closed in 1951.
Bunjil's Lookout in Maude, opened in 2015, provides views over the Moorabool River valley to the west of the township.
# Hussein Cabinet

Hussein Cabinet is either the name of two cabinets of Malaysia or two cabinets of Syria.

## Malaysia

* Cabinet Hussein I (1976–1978)
* Cabinet Hussein II (1978–1981)

## Syria

* First Hussein Arnous cabinet (2020–2021)
* Second Hussein Arnous cabinet (2021–present)
# Hungerbach

Hungerbach may refer to:
* Hungerbach (Altmühl), a river of Bavaria, Germany, tributary of the Altmühl
* Hungerbach (Gennach), a river of Bavaria, Germany, tributary of the Gennach
# Hyalaethea alberti

Hyalaethea alberti is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Rothschild in 1910. It is found on the Solomon Islands.
# Maxwell Bay (Antarctica)

Maxwell Bay, also called Fildes Bay (in Chile) and Guardia Nacional Bay (in Argentina) is a bay 19 km (12 mi) long, lying between King George Island and Nelson Island, in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica. The main entrance to the bay is at the south-east side and is wide open; Fildes Strait on the north-west side is encumbered by rocks and is only navigable by boats. The name "Maxwells Straits" was given to this bay and to Fildes Strait by British sealing captain James Weddell in 1822–24, for Lieutenant Francis Maxwell who had served with Weddell in 1813–14. The name was altered and limited to the feature here described by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1960.

## Historic site

A brass plaque bearing the Polish Eagle, the dates 1975 and 1976, and an inscription in Polish, English and Russian, is mounted on a cliff on King George Island facing the bay. The text of the inscription reads:
   In memory of the landing of members of the first Polish Antarctic marine research expedition on the vessels Profesor Siedlecki and Tazar in February 1976.
It has been designated a Historic Site or Monument (HSM 50), following a proposal by Poland to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting.
# Maurice Kelly (hurler)

Maurice Kelly (1863-?) was an Irish hurler who played for the Kerry senior team.
Kelly was a regular member of the starting twenty-one during Kerry's most successful hurling period shortly after the foundation of the Gaelic Athletic Association and the start of the inter-county championship. During his career he won one All-Ireland medal and one Munster medal.
At club level Kelly played with Lixnaw.
# Maurice Keating (1690–1769)

Maurice Keating (February 1690 – 17 November 1769) was an Irish politician.
Keating first stood for Kildare Borough in 1715, but was declared "not duly elected" and the seat was taken by Richard Warren.
He represented Kildare Borough in the Irish House of Commons between 1725 and 1727. He was then elected to sit for County Kildare from 1727 to 1760. From 1761 to 1768 he represented Naas, before again sitting in the Commons for Kildare Borough from 1768 until his death a year later.
# Hydroporus rufilabris

Hydroporus rufilabris is a species of predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae. It is found in North America.
# Jeroen Veldmate

Jeroen Veldmate (born 8 November 1988) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a centre-back.

## Career

He came through the youth ranks of FC Groningen, making his debut in the 2007–08 season in a 5–1 lost away match against NEC, coming in as a second-half substitute for Koen van de Laak. After playing only seven league matches in two seasons, he signed a loan deal with Helmond Sport, where his brother Mark had just signed. Veldmate made his debut for Helmond Sport in a league win (4–0) against Fortuna Sittard on 7 August 2009. He returned to Groningen after the loan deal, playing only seven matches that season.
On 31 May 2011, he signed with Sparta Rotterdam together with his brother, Mark, for two years.
After one season in Rotterdam, Veldmate signed with Heracles Almelo. Between 2015 and January 2017, Veldmate played in Denmark for Viborg FF, but his contract was terminated after a series of injuries. In the summer of 2017, Veldmate signed for one year with FC Emmen.
On 2 June 2018, Veldmate signed a two-year contract with Go Ahead Eagles.
On 16 June 2021, he returned to Emmen on a one-year deal.

## Honours

Individual
* Eredivisie Team of the Month: October 2022,
# Jeroen Van Herzeele

Jeroen Van Herzeele (born 13 September 1965) is a Belgian jazz saxophonist. He was born in Zottegem. He has played in various bands, including among others Greetings From Mercury, Maak's Spirit, and Octurn. In 1999, he won the Belgian Golden Django for best Flemish artist.
# Hypercompe campinasa

Hypercompe campinasa is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by William Schaus in 1938. It is found in Brazil.
The larvae have been recorded feeding on Gossypium herbaceum.
# Hypercompe cotyora

Hypercompe cotyora is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1884. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama.
# Mauritania–Spain relations

Mauritania–Spain relations are the foreign relations between Mauritania and Spain. The two nations have had official diplomatic relations since the 1960s. Spain has an embassy in Nouakchott and a consulate-general in Nouadhibou. Mauritania has an embassy in Madrid and a consulate-general in Las Palmas.

## History

Spain officially recognised Mauritanian independence in November 1960, and the first Spanish ambassador presented his credential letter in 1961. The Mauritanian claim over the Western Sahara territory formulated at the United Nations in 1963 mainly obeyed to the logic of blocking Morocco's own claim over the territory, that, if successful, may also propel the Moroccan irredentist claim over Mauritania itself, with the Mauritanian diplomacy fearing over the possibility of a Spanish-Moroccan understanding. The position of Mauritania in regards of the Sahara hardened in the 1970s, demanding a referendum of self-determination and, by 1972, the country had already reconciled with Morocco. In the 1975 Madrid Accords, Spain ceded the administration over the territory to Morocco and Mauritania.
During the 1978 OAU summit, Mauritania denied the labeling of the Canary Islands as a territory to be decolonised as well as it denied the recognition of the MPAIAC as a "movement of national liberation".
More recently, Spain has privileged the strengthening of bilateral relations on the basis of the importance of the African country, that features a sea border with the Canary Islands, in regards of the managing of irregular immigration.
In March 2022, Mauritanian president Mohamed Ould Ghazouani visited Spain—the first visit by a Mauritanian head of State since 2008—meeting with king Felipe VI and prime minister Pedro Sánchez. Both countries signed a memorandum of understanding aiming to boost cultural cooperation. Following the 2022 visit, the Spanish Council of Ministers submitted the text of a Treaty of Friendship, Good Neighborliness and Cooperation with Mauritania to the Cortes Generales for parliamentary ratification. It was an update of an unratified 2008 treaty put on hold because of the 2008 Mauritanian coup d'état.

## Economic relations

Spain is a major trading partner, taking up 4.1% of Mauritanian exports, and providing about 5.1% of imports.
# Hypena ophiusoides

Hypena ophiusoides is a moth in the family Erebidae first described by Frederic Moore in 1882. It is found in Taiwan.
# Hypena palparia

Hypena palparia, the variegated snout-moth or mottled bomolocha, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Francis Walker in 1861. It is found in North America from Nova Scotia west across southern Canada to British Columbia, and south to Alabama and Texas.
The wingspan is 27–33 mm. The moth flies from June to July depending on the location. There are at least two generations over much of east.
The larvae feed on the leaves of Ostrya virginiana and Corylus species.
# Jeffrey Sullivan

Jeffrey Sullivan may refer to:
* Jeffrey Sullivan (racehorse owner), see American Horse of the Year
* Jeffrey C. Sullivan, see Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy timeline
* Jeffrey Sullivan (ice hockey), played in 1997–98 Ottawa Senators season
# Hélène Solomon-Langevin

Hélène Solomon-Langevin (25 May 1909 – 16 January 1995) was a French politician. She was elected to the National Assembly in 1945 as one of the first group of French women in parliament.

## Biography

Solomon-Langevin was born in Fontenay-aux-Roses in 1909, the daughter of physicist Paul Langevin. She married Jacques Solomon, who began working with his new father-in-law. Both men were involved in the French Communist Party (PCF) and Solomon-Langevin became a member of the World Committee of Women against War and Fascism. Having become members of the French Resistance, the couple were both arrested during 1942; Jacques was killed by firing squad in May, while Hélène was imprisoned in the Fort de Romainville. She was transferred to Auschwitz concentration camp in January 1943 in Convoi des 31000, and was later moved to the Raisko satellite camp and then Ravensbrück and Sachsenhausen, from which she was liberated in 1945.
She was a PCF candidate in Seine's first district in the October 1945 elections to the National Assembly. Placed third on the PCF list, she was one of 33 women elected, and became a member of the National Education Commission. She was re-elected in the June 1946 elections, but did not run for re-election in the November 1946 elections due to poor health.
Solomon-Langevin began working part-time as a librarian at the French National Centre for Scientific Research in 1948, becoming a full-time employee in 1952. In 1958 she married André Parreaux, an academic and the couple adopted a daughter, Michèle Norel. She died in Sens in 1995.