OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# MJ Lee

Min Jung "MJ" Lee (born March 5, 1987) is a South Korean-born American political correspondent for CNN and is currently a White House correspondent for the network.
She has previously worked for Politico.

## Early life and education

Lee was born in Seoul, South Korea and raised in Hong Kong, where she and her brother attended Hong Kong International School (an American-system style school). In her junior year of high school, she moved to the United States to attend a boarding school and has never returned to South Korea since. In 2009, she graduated from Georgetown University with a degree in government and Chinese. During college, she interned for The Washington Post and South China Morning Post. Lee was offered an entry-level journalism position, but was then rejected due to being on a visa.

## Career

Months after graduation, Lee began working at Politico as a web producer. By 2012, she was a finance reporter after a year on the breaking news desk. In 2014, she started working at CNN. Since working at CNN, she has covered the 2016 United States presidential election (both Trump and Clinton campaigns); as well as how the Me Too movement has affected Capitol Hill, covering the allegations against ousted U.S. Senator Al Franken (D-MN), former White House aide and Staff Secretary Rob Porter, and former U.S. Representative Blake Farenthold (R-TX) (all of whom resigned from their positions as a result of abuse or sexual misconduct allegations). She has also covered the Republicans' contemporary attempts to repeal the Affordable Care Act. Lee covered the 2020 Democratic presidential primary with a focus on the Elizabeth Warren campaign, and the 2020 United States presidential election with a focus on the Joe Biden campaign.
In January 2021, Lee was promoted to White House correspondent under the Biden administration.
At APEC United States 2023, she asked US president Biden if he considered Chinese president Xi a dictator. Biden replied yes.

## Personal life

Lee became an American citizen on September 17, 2016, on Ellis Island, coinciding with her coverage of the 2016 US presidential election campaign. She is married to fellow journalist Alex Burns. They have two children.
In 2022, Lee was named by Carnegie Corporation of New York as an honoree of the Great Immigrants Awards.
# Dichomeris purpureofusca

Dichomeris purpureofusca is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Thomas de Grey, 6th Baron Walsingham, in 1882. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Nova Scotia to New Jersey, the Northwest Territories, Alberta and South Dakota.
The wingspan is about 18 mm (0.71 in). The forewings are deep purplish fuscous. The hindwings are brownish fuscous. Adults are on wing from June to August.
# Space Based Space Surveillance

The Space Based Space Surveillance (SBSS) system is a planned United States Space Force constellation of satellites and supporting ground infrastructure that will improve the ability of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) to detect and track space objects in orbit around the Earth.
The SBSS development work is being conducted in coordination with the Space Situational Awareness Group in the Space Superiority Systems Wing of the Space and Missile Systems Center.

## Pathfinder satellite

The first "pathfinder" satellite of the SBSS system (SBSS 1, aka USA 216, COSPAR 2010-048A, SATCAT 37168) was successfully placed into orbit on board a Minotaur IV rocket on 26 September 2010 (UTC). Originally, the launch was scheduled for December 2008 but was rescheduled for Spring of 2009, and again delayed until 22 October 2009. The launch delays were caused by problems with the booster, and not the satellite itself. A launch expected for 8 July 2010 was also postponed. The program cost US$823 million, including satellite, payload, launch, and ground support. The satellite and payload contracts to Ball Aerospace & Technologies are approximately 40% of the total. It is designed to examine every spacecraft in geosynchronous orbit at least once a day.
The SBSS pathfinder satellite has a 30 cm telescope on a two axis gimbal with a 2.4 megapixel image sensor and has a projected mission duration of five and a half years.
# Eagle Creek State Park (Illinois)

Eagle Creek State Park is an Illinois state park on 11,100 acres (4,492 ha) on Lake Shelbyville in Shelby County, Illinois, United States.
# Nataliya Kobina

Nataliya Kobina (born 30 August 1979) is an Uzbekistani sprinter. She competed in the women's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research

The Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR) is a scientific institute that is part of the University of Colorado Boulder. Its research mission is to "[develop] scientific knowledge of physical and biogeochemical environmental processes at local, regional and global scales, and appl[y] this knowledge to improve society's awareness and understanding of natural and anthropogenic environmental change."
INSTAAR is affiliated with multiple departments and programs at CU-Boulder, including Anthropology, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Certificate in Oceanography, Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Geography, Geological Sciences, and Hydrologic Sciences. Most INSTAAR scientists and all graduate students performing research at INSTAAR are also rostered in a CU department or program.

## Activities

INSTAAR's traditional research focus has been on polar and alpine regions, where effects of global change are especially pronounced. In recent decades, research has broadened to include environmental challenges that span local, regional, and global scales and environments around the globe. Topics include Quaternary and modern environments, human and ecosystem ecology, biogeochemistry, landscape evolution, hydrology, oceanography, and climate. Field sites are located across all seven continents and the world's oceans.
Several research programs are conducted through INSTAAR, including the Niwot Ridge and McMurdo Dry Valleys sites of the Long Term Ecological Research Network and the Boulder Creek site of the Critical Zone Observatory. INSTAAR operates the Mountain Research Station, a field research facility near Niwot, Colorado.
The institute publishes Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, a peer-reviewed journal. It hosts the International Arctic Workshop in alternate years.

## History

Inaugurated in 1951, INSTAAR is the oldest research institute at the University of Colorado. Its origins extend back further, to CU's mountain camps and labs of the early 20th century. In 2019 Merritt Turetsky was the first woman to be appointed Director of INSTAAR.
# Single whip

Single Whip (Chinese: 單鞭; pinyin: dān biān) is a common posture found in most forms of tai chi. Typically at the end of the posture the left hand is in a palm outward push and the right hand held most commonly in the form of a hook or closed fist. Notable exceptions are the Single Whip forms found in Sun-style and Wu (Hao)-style, which finish with both hands open and palms outward.
Single Whip is one of the movements/postures most repeated in the solo training forms, such as tai chi. Its first appearance in most forms follows the Grasp Sparrow's Tail sequence (peng, lu, ji, an) and is seen later in Snake Creeps Down. There is also a posture in the Wu style sword form called Single Whip Fusing Throat.
The martial applications of Single Whip are many. There are various strikes, throws, changeups (using one hand to create an opening so that the other can strike) and kicks derived from this posture trained by different schools.
# MICAL1

NEDD9-interacting protein with calponin homology and LIM domains is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MICAL1 gene.

## Interactions

MICAL1 has been shown to interact with NEDD9 and RAB1A.
# Dichomeris pseudomorpha

Dichomeris pseudomorpha is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Anthonie Johannes Theodorus Janse in 1954. It is found in South Africa.
# Spectacular

Spectacular may refer to:
* "Spectacular" (Graham Coxon song), a 2004 song by Graham Coxon
* "Spectacular" (Kiely Williams song), the 2010 debut single by Kiely Williams
* Spectacular (album), a 2012 album by ZE:A
* Spectacular!, a 2009 television movie produced by Nickelodeon
* The Spectacular, a 2021 Dutch-Irish crime television series
* Spectacular (singer) (born 1976), Jamaican reggae artist
* Restoration spectacular, an elaborately staged "machine play" popular in Restoration-era London
* "Spectacular" Blue Smith, a member of Pretty Ricky
* Spectacular mark, a term for a type of mark in Australian rules football
# Earl Gartman

Earl Lloyd Gartman (June 23, 1920 – March 8, 1995) was an American football, basketball, and baseball coach and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Howard College—now known as Samford University—in Homewood, Alabama from 1949 to 1953, at Austin Peay State University from 1958 to 1959, and at Trinity University in San Antonio, Texas from 1967 to 1969, compiling a career college football record of 30–61–1. Gartman was also the head basketball coach at Howard from 1950 to 1955, tallying a mark of 71–73. He was the head baseball coach at Howard from 1952 to 1955 and at the University of Texas–Pan American from 1962 to 1963, amassing a career college baseball record of 60–49.

## Education

Gartman graduated from Howard College and earned a master's degree at George Peabody College, now known as Peabody College, a part of Vanderbilt University.

## Head coaching record
### College football

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| Howard Bulldogs (Dixie Conference) (1949–1953) ||||||
| 1949 | Howard | 4–5 | 2–0 | 2nd |
| 1950 | Howard | 2–8 | | |
| 1951 | Howard | 2–3–1 | | |
| 1952 | Howard | 5–4 | | |
| 1953 | Howard | 1–8 | | |
| Howard: | Howard: | 14–28–1 | | |
| Austin Peay Governors (Volunteer State Athletic Conference) (1958–1959) ||||||
| 1958 | Austin Peay | 3–7 | | |
| 1959 | Austin Peay | 1–9 | | |
| Austin Peay: | Austin Peay: | 4–16 | | |
| Trinity Tigers (Southland Conference) (1967–1969) ||||||
| 1967 | Trinity | 3–7 | 1–3 | 4th |
| 1968 | Trinity | 5–4 | 2–2 | 3rd |
| 1969 | Trinity | 4–6 | 2–2 | T–2nd |
| Trinity: | Trinity: | 12–17 | 5–7 | |
| Total: | Total: | 30–61–1 | | |

### Baseball

Statistics overview :
| Season | Team | Overall |
| Howard Bulldogs (1952–1955) ||||||
| 1952 | Howard | 11–9 |
| 1953 | Howard | 9–6 |
| 1954 | Howard | 9–12 |
| 1955 | Howard | 11–6 |
| Howard: | Howard: | 40–33 |
| Pan American Broncs (Independent) (1962–1963) ||||||
| 1962 | Pan American | 7–9 |
| 1963 | Pan American | 13–7 |
| Pan American: | Pan American: | 20–16 |
| Total: | Total: | 60–49 |
# Deadwyler

Deadwyler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Danielle Deadwyler, American actress (born 1982)
* Leonard Deadwyler, who was a victim of a police shooting in Los Angeles
# Johann Samuel Schwerdtfeger

Johann Samuel Schwerdtfeger (1734–1803) was a clergyman who served German Lutheran congregations in Colonial Pennsylvania, Maryland, and New York, and became Upper Canada's first Lutheran Minister.

## Early life and career

Schwerdtfeger was born in Burgbernheim, Bavaria in 1734 to Gunther Johann and Juliana Maria (Koch) Schwerdtfeger. The elder Schwerdtfeger was a pharmacist who catered to travelers visiting the popular Wildbad spa. Schwerdtfeger attended the Latin School at Neustadt an der Aisch before entering the Erlangen University to study theology. Around 1752, he traveled to London and then to Baltimore, Maryland as a redemptioner where his bond was paid by the Lutheran Church of York, Pennsylvania in exchange for his service as pastor.
At York, he was informally ordained by local clergy but faced controversy when he criticized pietist factions within the congregation. In 1758, he accepted a position as pastor at the Evangelical Lutheran Church of New Holland where he supervised construction of a new church and parsonage. In 1762, Schwerdtfeger joined the Pennsylvania Ministerium, where he was formally ordained by Rev. Henry Muhlenberg. It was during his time in Pennsylvania that Schwerdtfeger met his future wife Anna Dorothea Schwab with whom he would have five children.
From 1763 to 1768, Schwerdtfeger served the Lutheran congregation of Frederick, Maryland after which time he served as an itinerant pastor for congregations in southeastern Pennsylvania and central New York before settling in Brunswick in about 1770.
Schwerdtfeger remained in New York for the duration of the American Revolution but his loyalist sympathies led him to accept a position in 1791 with the community of United Empire Loyalists in Williamsburg, Ontario where he would spend the remainder of his life. As the first Lutheran minister in Upper Canada, Schwerdtfeger served two churches: the German Evangelical Church in Williamsburg, Ontario, and a church in nearby Matilda.
The site of Williamsburg's German Church was inundated by the St. Lawrence Seaway but Schwerdtfeger is commemorated by a nearby historical plaque in the Township of South Dundas.
# Saint-Tropez (disambiguation)

Saint-Tropez is a place in the French Riviera.
Saint-Tropez, San Tropez and St. Tropez may also refer to:

## Music

* "San Tropez" (song), by Pink Floyd from the 1971 album Meddle
* "St. Tropez" by Diva Gray & Oyster from the 1979 album Hotel Paradise
* "St. Tropez" by The Rippingtons on the 1992 album Weekend in Monaco
* "Saint Tropez" by Ricky Martin on the 2000 album Sound Loaded
* "St. Tropez", a song by Dusty Trails from their 2000 album Dusty Trails
* "Сен Тропе" (Saint Tropez, 2011) by Azis
* "Saint Tropez" (2013) by Florin Salam
* "St. Tropez", a song by J. Cole on his album 2014 Forest Hills Drive
* "Saint-Tropez" (song), a song by Post Malone on the 2019 album Hollywood's Bleeding
* "St Tropez" by Skepta, Chip and Young Adz on the 2020 album Insomnia
* "Saint-Tropez", a song by Gims on the 2022 album Les dernières volontés de Mozart

## Other

* St. Tropez (self-tan brand), a self-tanning brand
* Saint Tropez (brand), a Danish fashion brand
* Torpes of Pisa, a saint and martyr
* San Torpete, a church of Torpes of Pisa
* St. Tropez, the first condominium building in Manhattan
# The End of the Innocence

The End of the Innocence may refer to:
* The End of the Innocence (album), an album by Don Henley
* "The End of the Innocence" (song), a song by Don Henley
* "The End of the Innocence", an episode of Dharma & Greg
* "The End of the Innocence", an episode of American Dreams
# Prakash Fadte

Prakash Jaganath Fadte is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Goa Legislative Assembly from Maem in the 1999 Goa Legislative Assembly election as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was Minister of Education, Science and Technology and Printing and Stationery in Francisco Sardinha cabinet from November 1999 to October 2000.
# Single transverse palmar crease

In humans, a single transverse palmar crease is a single crease that extends across the palm of the hand, formed by the fusion of the two palmar creases. Although it is found more frequently in persons with several abnormal medical conditions, it is not predictive of any of these conditions since it is also found in persons with no abnormal medical conditions. It is found on at least one hand in 1.5% of the world's population.

## Former name

Because it resembles the usual condition of non-human simians, it was, in the past, called the simian crease or simian line. These terms have widely fallen out of favor due to their pejorative connotation.

## Medical significance

The presence of a single transverse palmar crease has no medical significance. It is found in 1.5% of all people, and though it is found at a higher frequency in people with abnormal medical conditions, in every one of these conditions, many people do not have a single transverse palmar crease. Thus, it has a low predictive value.
Males are twice as likely as females to have this characteristic, which tends to run in families. In its non-symptomatic form, it is more common among Asians and Native Americans than among other populations, and in some families, there is a tendency to inherit the condition unilaterally; that is, on one hand, only.
While it is often found in people with Down Syndrome, many who have this syndrome do not have this crease, and thus is not a diagnostic indicator of Down Syndrome.
The presence of a single transverse palmar has been associated with several abnormal medical conditions—that is, it is found at a higher than 1.5% frequency, but in all of these conditions, many do not have this crease. Examples of conditions with such an association are fetal alcohol syndrome and the genetic chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome (chromosome 21), cri du chat syndrome (chromosome 5), Klinefelter syndrome, Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome, Noonan syndrome (chromosome 12), Patau syndrome (chromosome 13), IDIC 15/Dup15q (chromosome 15), Edward's syndrome (chromosome 18), and Aarskog–Scott syndrome (X-linked recessive), or autosomal recessive disorder, such as leukocyte adhesion deficiency-2 (LAD2). A unilateral single palmar crease was also reported in a case of chromosome 9 mutation causing nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome and Robinow syndrome. It is also sometimes found on the hands of the affected side of patients with Poland syndrome and craniosynostosis.
A 1971 study refutes the hypothesis that the phenomenon is caused by fetal hand movement: the appearance of the crease occurs around the second month of gestation before the digital movement phase in the womb begins.
* Single transverse palmar crease in an adult
* More common palmar creases in adults
* Bilateral single transverse palmar crease. The single transverse palmar crease is present on both hands of the individual.
# Plestiodon dugesii

Plestiodon dugesii, also known commonly as Dugès' skink, Duges's skink, and eslabon in Mexican Spanish, is a species of lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to Mexico.

## Etymology

The specific name, dugesii, is in honor of French-born Mexican naturalist Alfredo Dugès, who is considered to be the "father" of Mexican herpetology.

## Geographic range

P. dugesii is found in central Mexico, in the Mexican States of Guanajato and Michoacán.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of P. dugesii is forest, at altitudes above 2,000 m (6,600 ft).

## Reproduction

P. dugesii is ovoviviparous.
# Patenaude

Patenaude is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bert Patenaude (1909–1974), American soccer player
* Dave Patenaude (born 1968), American football coach
* Ed Patenaude (1949–2021), Canadian professional ice hockey player
* Esioff-Léon Patenaude (1875–1963), Canadian politician
* Martine Patenaude (born 1974), Canadian ice dancer
* Pam Patenaude (born 1961), American government official
# Speckled bush-cricket

The speckled bush-cricket (Leptophyes punctatissima) is a flightless species of bush-cricket belonging to the family Tettigoniidae. The species was originally described as Locusta punctatissima in 1792.

## Distribution

The speckled bush-cricket is common across much of Europe. It ranges from the British Isles, France, Poland and Belgium in the west to the European parts of Russia in the east, and from southern Scandinavia in the north to southern Italy, Bulgaria and Greece. It has been recorded as far south as Israel. It is also present in the Nearctic realm.

## Habitat

This species mainly occurs in dry shrubby environments, in open woodland, in scrub, hedgerows and in gardens, with birch, bramble and gorse.

## Description

Leptophyes punctatissima can reach a body length of about 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). These bush-crickets are mainly grass-green with minute black speckles (more evident in the nymphs), as reflected in the common and Latin name of the species. Its colouring and secretive lifestyle, hidden away in the undergrowth, mean that it often passes unnoticed. The dorsal surface of the abdomen features an orangey-brown stripe; this is more pronounced in the male than the female. A yellow-white stripe extends backwards from the eyes. The lower legs and feet are brownish. The antennae are twice as long as the body. The species is brachypterous: the male's forewings are reduced to small flaps, and those of the female are even more reduced. The hindwings are completely absent, and both males and females are flightless. The female's ovipositor is laterally compressed and curves sharply upwards.

## Biology

These bush-crickets can be found from April to November. Nymphs emerge in May and develop into their adults during late summer. Females lay their eggs in late summer in the bark of a tree or a plant stem. Then they overwinter until next spring.
The song of the male, produced by rubbing the right wing against a tooth-like projection at the base of the left, is short (1 to 10 ms) and feeble, barely audible to human ears; at a frequency of 40 kHz, it can best be heard with the aid of a bat detector. Unlike other cricket species, the female is able to respond to the male's calls with a weaker call of her own, which attracts the male to her.
# Earl Lawson

Earl Lawson may refer to:
* Earl Lawson (politician) (1891–1950), Canadian politician
* Earl Lawson (sportswriter) (1923–2003), American sportswriter
# Pacific Organized Track System

The Pacific Organised Track System (PACOTS) comprises airways used primarily for travel between Asia and the west coast of North America. Similar to the North Atlantic Tracks, PACOTS routes are flexible due to jet streams. Eastbound tracks are numbered while westbound ones are lettered.
# John C. Hunton

Colonel John C. Hunton (January 18, 1839 - September 4, 1928) was an American Confederate veteran, pioneer and rancher. He was the founding president of the Wyoming Pioneer Association.

## Early life

John C. Hunton was born on January 18, 1839, in Madison County, Virginia. During the American Civil War of 1861–1865, he served in the 7th Virginia Infantry of the Confederate States Army. He was also in Pickett's Charge during the Battle of Gettysburg. Later in life, he became known as "Colonel" Hunton.

## Career

After the war, Hunton worked in freighting in Missouri and Nebraska until 1867, when he moved to the Wyoming Territory and became a clerk to the post-trader at Fort Laramie. From 1888 to 1890, he took over as the post-trader.
Hunton established a ranch along the Chugwater Creek in Bordeaux, Wyoming, where he raised cattle. He was the first president of the Wyoming Pioneer Association. He was also "an authority on Indian warfare," and a diarist.

## Personal life, death and legacy

Hunton married Blanche Taylor.
Hunton died on September 4, 1928, in Torrington, Wyoming. He was buried in the Lakeview Cemetery in Cheyenne, Wyoming. In 2010, the United Daughters of the Confederacy added a Confederate marker to his grave.