OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Silas Niyibizi

Silas Niyibizi (April 1, 1942 – February 21, 2011) was a Rwandan demographer, public servant and academic.

## Early life

Silas Niyibizi was born on April 1, 1942, in Muganza - Kayenzi (Gitarama, Southern Rwanda) in a modest family of rural farmers. After attending primary school in his home village, he went to Nyanza (Southern Rwanda) for secondary studies at the Collège Christ Roi Latin-Greek section (1957–1964). From 1964 to 1967 he studied at the National University of Rwanda in the department of Social and Economic Sciences (Département des Sciences Économiques et Sociales). There he obtained a Degree in Economic and Social Sciences.
From 1967 to 1969 he specialized in Demography at the Université de Montréal (Canada) with a M.Sc. in Demographic Sciences, thus becoming the first ever Rwandan demographer.

## Career

During his career (1969–1999), Niyibizi did extensive demographic research, primarily focusing on the social issues generated by the rapid growth of the Rwandan population.
He returned to Rwanda after obtaining his demographic degree in 1969, where the Rwandan Ministry of Planning employed him to found the Statistics department (1969–1971). Niyibizi then transferred to the National University of Rwanda (NUR, Butare - Southern Province) as a full-time lecturer in Demographic and Statistics Studies (1971–1976), making him the first graduate of the NUR to be a lecturer there.
From 1976 to 1977 Niyibizi served as Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Sports, before being tasked to prepare and manage the First Rwandan Census of Population and Housing (1978) and coordinate its after-results analysis (1978 to 1987). In 1980 he co-founded the Office National de la Population – ONAPO (National Office of the Population), where he served as Senior Demographer from 1987 to 1994, with a short stint as Senior Advisor in the country’s second National Census of Population and Housing (1991).
Contrary to many of his peers among the first Rwandan academics, he seems to have not taken part in the tumultuous political period preceding the 1994 genocide (nor had he ever occupied a political position). This aberrant political anonymity could be explained by his socialist ideals, peaceful dialogue and opposition to military involvement in politics, a mixture that could not please the Military Regime that ruled Rwanda at the prime of his career.
After the 1994 genocide, Niyibizi worked to rebuild the country's decimated academia. He remained a lecturer at NUR until he retired at the age of 57 in 1999. In his retirement he also contributed to the success of the third (and first post-genocide) National Census of Population and Housing (2002), as National Consultant. He also, during his retirement, taught Statistics and Social Planning at the Université Catholique de Kabgayi (2001–2006).
# Pittsburgh and Butler Street Railway

vtePittsburgh, Mars and Butler :
Legend :
The Pittsburgh and Butler Street Railway, commonly called the Butler Short Line, was a broad gauge interurban streetcar line connecting Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States to Butler via Mars.

## History

The Pittsburgh and Butler Street Railway was opened in 1907 between Pittsburgh and Butler traveling via Etna, Glenshaw, Allison Park, and Mars. It initially used a 6,600 volt single phase alternating current electrical system. In 1914 the railway converted from AC to 1,200 volt DC which reduced power consumption by 15% and reduced the weight of each car by 6 tons.
In 1917 the railway amalgamated with the Pittsburgh, Harmony, Butler and New Castle Railway, who operated the Harmony Line between Pittsburgh and New Castle, the new company being named the Pittsburgh, Mars and Butler Railway.
In April 1931 the company went into receivership. The Butler Short Line was closed on April 22, 1931 as it was in poor condition, services being absorbed into the existing PA 8 bus service. The stub of the Butler Short Line continued to be used by Pittsburgh Railways as the 2 Etna service until closure in 1952.

## Route

Leaving Butler going south along South Chestnut Street the railway crossed the rails of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) and the Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad (B&LE), before turning west down the valley of the Connoquenessing Creek through Bredinville. Running parallel to the B&LE through Odell and then east into Thorn Creek past Renfrew Station, the line then headed south, climbing out of Thorn Creek valley alongside Three Degree Road, where the Butler Country Club had a stop of their own. When Butler County Airport was constructed Three Degree Road was diverted to use the old track bed, now forming the eastern perimeter road of the airport.
The line continued south, descending into the valley of Breakneck Creek and passing through Mars. It continued south along the valley, through Downieville and Valencia to Etna, where it joined the local Pittsburgh Railways route to downtown.

## Incidents

Two cars collided on March 27, 1909 after one was delayed by a derailment on the grade crossing of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad near Mars. The crash occurred near Bryant Station and three people died at the scene, all employees of the railway.
# Sophie Abelson

Sophie Abelson is an English actress. She is known for portraying the role of Cherry Clay in the BBC soap opera Doctors from 2009 to 2012. For her role as Cherry, she received a nomination for the British Soap Award for Best Newcomer.

## Life and career

Born in Ainsdale, Merseyside, to Laurence and Dorothy, she has a brother, Dan. Abelson studied at Kingswood Junior School and Greenbank High School before completing a degree in BA (Hons) Media and Drama at the University of Salford. After touring nationally with her theatre schools, Abelson began her professional career in theatre, including appearances in Death of a Salesman for York Theatre Royal, the David Freeman production of As You Like It, the Braham Murray production of She Stoops to Conquer for Royal Exchange Manchester, and the Carole Rodd tour of Girls Night Out.
In 2006, she starred as actress Barbara Windsor in the Paul Hunter production of 2006 revival of the Olivier Award-winning comedy Cleo, Camping, Emmanuelle and Dick at the Octagon Bolton, for which she received many positive reviews. Abelson appeared in the second episode of HBO's 2013 mockumentary-style television comedy Family Tree, playing policewoman WPC Sharon Bullivant in the 1970s show-within-the-show Move Along, Please!. In a July 2007 episode of BBC's daytime soap opera Doctors, she played the role of Tilly Ruffell. She was brought back to the series in 2009 in the regular role of Cherry Malone. For her role as Cherry, Abelson was nominated for Best Newcomer and Sexiest Female at 2010 British Soap Awards. Abelson left Doctors on 19 October 2012.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2007 | Doctors | Tilly Ruffell | Episode: "First Impressions" |
| 2009–2012 | Doctors | Cherry Malone | Series regular |
| 2013 | Family Tree | W.P.C. Sharon Bullivant | 2 episodes |
| 2014 | 3 Sides of the Coin | Tanya | Short film |
| 2017 | Emmerdale | Amanda | 1 episode |
| 2017 | Random Acts: Geist | Soothing Woman | Short film |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Ceremony | Category | Nominated work | Result | Ref. |
| 2010 | British Soap Awards | Best Newcomer | Doctors | Nominated | |
| 2012 | British Soap Awards | Sexiest Female | Doctors | Nominated | |
# Dry Sheep Equivalent

Dry Sheep Equivalent (DSE) is a standard unit frequently used in Australia to compare the feed requirements of different classes of stock or to assess the carrying capacity and potential productivity of a given farm or area of grazing land.
The unit represents the amount of feed required by a two-year-old, 45 kg (some sources state 50 kg) Merino sheep (wether or non-lactating, non-pregnant ewe) to maintain its weight. One DSE is equivalent to 7.60 megajoule (MJ) per day.
The carrying capacity of a farm is commonly determined in Australia by expressing the number of stock carried during a period of feed shortage in terms of their DSEs.
Benchmarking standards used by Grazing for Profit programmes quote that one labour unit (40 hours per week) is required for 6,000 DSE (other benchmarking standards set the figure at 7,000 DSE).
# The Cook's Decameron

The Cook's Decameron: A Study In Taste, Containing Over Two Hundred Recipes For Italian Dishes is a cookbook by Emily Waters (as Mrs. W. G. Waters) first published in 1901.
Introduced in the form of a story inspired by Giovanni Boccaccio's Decameron (for which it is named), the book introduces the fictional Marchesa di Sant Andrea who learns that nine aristocratic friends have all been forced to postpone much anticipated dinner parties as their cooks have all resigned. That evening, the Marchesa and her friends meet and make plans to establish a cooking school under the Marchesa's direction. Following the introductory fiction, the form reverts to a more conventional cookbook, and Waters presents more than 200 recipes for Italian dishes.
The book was initially published in 1901 in London (William Heineman) and New York (Brentano). It was successful enough to be reprinted and in 1920 Waters published a sequel, Just a Cookery Book, published by the Medici Society and containing 400 recipes.
Waters, who died in 1928, was also a skilled classicist and collaborated with her husband, William George Waters, in translating Italian Renaissance literature.
# King Neptune

King Neptune may refer to:
* Neptune (mythology), the Roman god of the sea, referred to as "King" by some
* King Neptune (pig), a pig that was used to raise $19 million in war bonds during World War II
* King Neptune, an officiator in a naval line-crossing ceremony
* King Neptune (SpongeBob SquarePants), a recurring character in SpongeBob SquarePants
* King Neptune (album), a 1979 album by Dexter Gordon
* King Neptune (film), a 1932 animated short film in the Silly Symphonies series
* King Neptune (statue), a large bronze statue in Virginia Beach
* King Neptune, a large limestone sculpture at Two Rocks, Australia
* King Neptune's Adventure, an adventure video game for the Nintendo Entertainment System
# East London (disambiguation)

East London is an informal major subdivision of London, England.
East London may also refer to:
In areas of London, UK:
* The East End of London, a traditional designation of the area east of the medieval walled City of London
* East (London sub region), a sub region of London defined in the London Plan
* E postcode area, the part of the London post town covering parts of east London and Essex
In transport in London, UK:
* East London (bus company)
* East London line, a former London Underground line now incorporated into the London Overground
In other places:
In former electoral districts or constituencies:
* London East, federal electorate in Canada from 1968 to 1997
* London East (European Parliament constituency), British regional constituency from 1979 to 1999
In organisations:
# Gregg Butler

Gregg Butler (born December 26, 1952) is a former gridiron football player who played for the Philadelphia Bell, Edmonton Eskimos, Montreal Alouettes, Winnipeg Blue Bombers and Washington Federals. He played college football at Howard University and was inducted into The Howard University Athletic Hall of Fame in 2014. In 1979, Butler led the West in punt return yards with 623.
# Dropmire

Dropmire is a surveillance program by the United States' National Security Agency (NSA) aimed at surveillance of foreign embassies and diplomatic staff, including those of NATO allies. The program's existence was revealed in June 2013 by whistleblower Edward Snowden in The Guardian. The report alleged that at least 38 foreign embassies were under surveillance, some of them as far back as 2007.
Earlier in June 2013, The Guardian had reported that the NSA spied on diplomats during the 2009 G-20 London Summit, but no precise program name was revealed at the time.
Diplomatic spying by the United States had been revealed as far back as 2010, when it was revealed that US agencies had spied on the Secretary-General of the United Nations, Ban Ki-moon – at the time, it was not known that this had been done as part of a systematic program.
# Son of Mustang Ford

Son of Mustang Ford is the debut EP by English alternative rock band, Swervedriver. Self-produced by the band, it was released on 16 July 1990 through Creation and A&M Records. The title track of the EP was included in the band's debut album, Raise (1991).

## Background and music

Two of the songs, "Son of Mustang Ford" and "Volcano Trash", were composed by Adam Franklin, after his band Shake Appeal disbanded. The band signed to Creation Records, after their demo tape was handed to Alan McGee by Mark Gardener of Ride. The band decided to release a series of four-track EPs over the span of a year, Son of Mustang Ford being the first one. The band recorded and produced the EP at Greenhouse Studios in London.
Franklin stated in NME that the EP "was based on the Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas idea – driving around, out of your box, over America's landscapes." The song "Kill the Superheroes" was composed in an alternate tuning. A music video for "Son of Mustang Ford" was also released. According to music journalist Simon Williams, the band's sound on the EP is "dirtier" than those of the other Creation Records acts, "taking contemporary American guitar rock and instilling it with a liberal dose of languid British dream pop."

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Andy Kellman of Allmusic wrote: "This EP announced Swervedriver's presence on the shoegaze scene with authority, but with a heavier side that appealed to fans of Loop and the Stooges. Though just as textured and flanged out as any other shoegaze band, with this EP, Swervedriver came across as a band as likely to listen to Black Sabbath as to My Bloody Valentine." He also described the EP as "merely the launching pad" for the band's career. Simon Price of Melody Maker described the release as "a chromium-plated piece of automobile romanticism."

## Track listing

* "Son of Mustang Ford" – 4:19
* "Volcano Trash" – 3:34
* "Kill the Superheroes" – 6:05
* "Juggernaut Rides" – 3:15

## Personnel
### Swervedriver

* Adam Franklin – vocals, guitar
* Jimmy Hartridge – guitar
* Adi Vines – bass guitar
* Graham Bonnar – drums
# DeBerry

DeBerry or Deberry is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Allie DeBerry (born 1994), American actress and model
* Clifton DeBerry (1924–2006), American communist
* Coreontae DeBerry (born 1994), American basketball player
* Edmund Deberry (1787–1859), American politician
* Fisher DeBerry (born 1938), American football player and coach
* Hank DeBerry (1894–1951), American baseball player
* Jim DeBerry (born 1977), American businessman and comedian
* Joe DeBerry (1896–1944), American baseball player
* John DeBerry (born 1951), American politician
* Josh DeBerry (born 2001), American football player
* Lois DeBerry (1945–2013), American politician
* Virginia DeBerry, American writer
# Dugo Polje (Sokobanja)

Dugo Polje is a village in the municipality of Sokobanja, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 690 people.
# Incisa

Incisa may refer to:

## Places of Italy

* Incisa Scapaccino (originally Incisa Belbo), a municipality in the province of Asti.
* Incisa in Val d'Arno, a municipality in the province of Florence.
* Marquisate of Incisa (1161-1548), a lordship aleramica of Piedmont

## People

* Oddone d'Incisa (1450/60-1514), Italian aleramic marquess
* Stefano Giuseppe Incisa (1742-1819), Italian canon and historian
# Joe Elliott (footballer)

Joseph Elliott was a footballer active in England in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
A half-back, Elliott made 80 appearances in The Football League for Preston North End between 1989 and 1902, scoring four goals. He then moved to New Brompton of the Southern League, making his debut against Luton Town on 13 September 1902. Over the next four seasons he missed only three league games. During the 1906–07 season he played only occasionally, however, and he left the club in 1907, finishing with a total of 134 Southern League appearances and two goals.
# Fuerte Olimpo Airport

Tte. 1ro Inocencio Herebia Airport (IATA: OLK, ICAO: SGOL), or simply known as Fuerte Olimpo Airport, is an airport serving the Paraguay River port of Fuerte Olimpo in Alto Paraguay Department of Paraguay.
The runway was paved in 2016 and an apron added. There are large hills just southeast of the runway.
# Sigurd Kloumann

Sigurd Kloumann (1 July 1879 – 18 January 1953) was a Norwegian engineer, hydropower developer and industrial leader.
Kloumann was born in Vadsø to Fredrik Julius Kloumann and Karen Johanne Anker Løwold. He was manager of Notodden salpeterfabrikk from 1904 to 1912, for Saudefaldene from 1913, and for Norsk Aluminium Company (NACO) from 1916 to 1945. He was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1911, and was a Commander of the Swedish Order of Vasa.
In 1940 NACO was the largest producer of aluminium in Norway.$^{:17}$ During the German occupation of Norway, NACO collaborated with the occupants, and the company and its leaders were subject to investigation in the subsequent legal purge.$^{:359–378}$
Kloumann was a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 1925 as well as a fellow of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
# Soup dumpling

Soup dumpling may refer to:
* A dumpling served in soup or with liquid filling, such as:
** any type of jiaozi, a Chinese dumpling, when served in soup
** Wonton, a Chinese dumpling usually served in soup
** Khinkali, a Georgian dumpling with a filling, traditionally of minced meat and broth
* Other pastries served in soup or with liquid filling, such as:
** Xiaolongbao, a small Chinese-styled steamed bun filled with soup
** Tang bao, a large Chinese-style steamed bun filled with soup
# Kleist

Kleist, or von Kleist, is a surname.
von Kleist:
* August von Kleist (1818–1890), Prussian Major General
* Christian von Kleist (1901–after 1933), German writer (pseudonym "Kyrill")
* Conrad von Kleist (1839-1900), German politician (German Conservative Party), member of Reichstag
* Ewald Georg von Kleist (ca. 1700–1748), also known as Ewald Jürgen von Kleist, co-inventor of the Leyden jar
* Frederick William von Kleist (1724–1767), Prussian major general, commander of the Green Hussars. One of 58 officers of the Kleist family to serve in the Seven Years' War
* Ewald Christian von Kleist (1715–1759), German poet and soldier
* Henning Alexander von Kleist (1677–1747) Prussian general
* Henning Alexander von Kleist (1707–1784). Prussian Lt. General. Nephew of Henning Alexander von Kleist (above)
* Franz Kasimir von Kleist (1738–1808) Prussian General
* Franz Alexander von Kleist (1769–1799) Poet
* Friedrich Graf Kleist von Nollendorf (1762–1823), Prussian field marshal
* Heinrich von Kleist (1777–1811), German writer
** Kleist Prize, German literary prize named after Heinrich
* Makka Kleist (born 1951), Greenlandic actress
* Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist (1881–1954), German field marshal
** Panzer Group Kleist and Army Group von Kleist, parts of the German First Panzer Army
* Ewald von Kleist-Schmenzin (1890–1945), conspirator to assassinate Adolf Hitler
* Ewald-Heinrich von Kleist-Schmenzin (1922–2013), conspirator to assassinate Adolf Hitler
Kleist:
* Kleist Sykes, former Tanzanian mayor
* Henry Kleist, farmer and Socialist state senator from Rantoul, Wisconsin
* Kuupik Kleist, First Minister elect of Greenland
* Karl Kleist, German psychiatrist
# Kwirarire

Kwirarire is a village in the Commune of Rugazi in Bubanza Province in western Burundi.
# Dugo Polje (Modriča)

Dugo Polje is a village in the municipality of Modriča, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# In the Summer of His Years

In the Summer of His Years may refer to:
* In the Summer of His Years (album), a 1963 album by Connie Francis
* "In the Summer of His Years" (song), a 1963 song written by Herb Kretzmer and David Lee
* "In the Summer of His Years" (Bee Gees song), 1968
# Nathaniel Booth

Nathaniel Booth may refer to:
* Nathaniel Booth, 4th Baron Delamer (1709–1770), English peer
* Nathaniel Booth (slave) (1826–1901), escaped African-American slave
# Earl R. Kooi

Earl R. Kooi (1917–2003) was an American biochemist best known for being the first to make high fructose corn syrup in 1957 with his partner Richard O. Marshall at the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station. They first discovered how to use the glucose isomerase enzyme to convert glucose to fructose while working at the Corn Products Company. They patented the process in 1960.
# Sierra Madre ground squirrel

The Sierra Madre ground squirrel (Callospermophilus madrensis) is a species of rodent in the squirrel family. It is endemic to the Sierra Madre Occidental, in northern Mexico. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland.
# Pirangoclytus latecinctus

Pirangoclytus latecinctus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1870.
# Hadala Bhal railway station

Hadala Bhal railway station is a small railway station in Surendranagar district, Gujarat. Its code is HLB. It serves Hadala village.
Hadala Bhal railway station is part of Ahmedabad–Botad line. Currently this line is undergoing gauge conversion, from metre to broad gauge. In March 2019 the section between Botad Junction and Hadala Bhal stations was commissioned (67 km), remaining under gauge conversion Hadala Bhal – Ahmedabad Junction (98 km).
# Pass Creek, British Columbia

Pass Creek is an unincorporated community on the east side of Norns (formerly Pass) Creek in the West Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia. The rural neighbourhood on Pass Creek Rd is about 11 kilometres (7 mi) north of Castlegar.

## Creek

The settlement name derives from the original name of the creek. A low pass northeast of the creek leads to Goose Creek and access to the Slocan and Kootenay rivers. First Nations used this route for thousands of years. In 1997, residents and regional district representatives overwhelmingly rejected the suggestion to reinstate the historic name of the creek.

## Doukhobors

During 1909–1910 the Doukhobors bought 1,322 acres. Named Dolina Lugovaya (meadow valley in Russian), this later shortened to Lugovoye (meadow). During 1912–1913 they bought 440 acres, which was named Kartoshnoye (from potato). The colony established three communal villages. Established in 1909, the cemetery is mostly Doukhobor interments, but is now available to the general public. In 1922, the Pass Creek school was built. Following a declining population from 1938 onward, the land was sold and the villages disbanded in the early 1960s.

## Present community

Pass Creek has a fire department, cemetery, community hall, neighbourhood association, bed and breakfast, driftwood workshop, bakery, and convenience store with storage facilities and U-Haul services. The latter occupies the site of the former elementary school, which closed around 1986.
# Duque Bacelar

Duque Bacelar is a municipality in the state of Maranhão in the Northeast region of Brazil.