OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Metropolitan routes in Pietermaritzburg

Pietermaritzburg, like most South African cities, uses Metropolitan or "M" routes for important intra-city routes, a layer below National (N) roads and Regional (R) roads. Each city's M roads are independently numbered.
In South Africa, Metropolitan or "M" routes are mostly used in metropolitan municipalities and Pietermaritzburg is the only exception whereby it is not part of a metropolitan municipality yet still uses these road designations.

## Table of M roads

| No. | Direction | Description of Route | Suburbs | Street Names |
| M10 | North/South | R33 (Mountain Rise) – R33 (Bombay Heights) | Mountain Rise, Allandale, Raisethorpe, Bombay Heights | Chota Motala Rd |
| M20 | East/West then North/South | M80 (Pietermaritzburg CBD) – M70 – M30 - N3 – M30 - R33 (Mountain Rise) | Pietermaritzburg CBD, Willowton, Mountain Rise | Masukwana St, Ohrtmann Rd |
| M30 | North/South | M20 (Pietermaritzburg CBD) - M20 - M20 - R33 (Copesville) | Pietermaritzburg CBD, Willowton, Mountain Rise, Eastwood, Panorama. Whispers, Copesville | Larch Rd, Manning Ave, Chief Mhlabunzima Rd, Copesville Dr |
| M40 | North/South | R56 (Scottsville) – M70 – M80 – N3 (Northern Park) | Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg CBD, Northern Park | Boshoff St, Chatterton Rd |
| M50 | East/West | M70 (Masons Hill) – R56 – R103 (Mkondeni) | Masons Hill, Ridge Park, Westgate, Hazelmere, Oribi Heights, Bisley Heights, Murrayfield Park, Mkondeni | Archie Gumede Rd, Gladys Manzi Rd |
| M70 | East/West | R617 (near Boston Park) – M50 – R103 – M40 – M20 – N3/R33 (Willowton) | Elandskop, Taylor's Halt, Zibomvini, Draaihoek, Dambuza, Dlaba, Edendale Town, Mason's Mill, Camp's Drift, Pietermaritzburg CBD, Willowton | Selby Msimang Rd, Church St |
| M80 | East/West then North/South | M20 (Pietermaritzburg CBD) – M40 – R103 (cosigned) – R103 – N3 – ends near Hilton College | Pietermaritzburg CBD, Prestbury, Lester Park, Boughton, Sweet Waters, Winterskloof, Mount Michael, Mountain Home, Hilton CBD, Hilton Gardens | Hoosen Haffajee St / Pietermaritz St, Mayors Wk, Zwartkop Rd, Mbubu Rd, Sweetwaters Rd, Dennis Shepstone Dr, Hilton Ave |
# Ravnje, Sežana

Ravnje (pronounced) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Sežana in the Littoral region of Slovenia.
# Rowsell

Rowsell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Erick Rowsell (born 1990), British road racing cyclist
* Edmund Penning-Rowsell (1913–2002), British journalist
* Harry Rowsell (1921-2006), Canadian veterinarian, pathologist, animal welfare advocate and humanist
* Joanna Rowsell Shand (born 1988), British cyclist
* Leslie Rowsell Moore (1912-2003), Professor of Geology, described as "one of the founders of modern Carboniferous palynology"
* Norman Rowsell (1855-1919), Tea planter and first Ceylon Labour Commissioner
* Spud Rowsell (21st century), English sailboat racer
* Thomas James Rowsell (1816–1894), Canon of Westminster
* Francis William Rowsell CB CMG (1838–1885), British Commissioner of Egyptian State Domains
* Ellie Rowsell (born 1992), British singer and guitarist of the band Wolf Alice.
# Ko Taku Reo: Deaf Education New Zealand

Ko Taku Reo: Deaf Education New Zealand is located in Archibald Road, New Lynn, Auckland, New Zealand. It is a residential special school for deaf children, as well as a resource centre providing services and support for mainstream students, students in provisions, and teachers in New Zealand.
The Kelston School for the Deaf was established in 1958, as the Kelston School for Deaf Children. It replaced the schools for the deaf at Mount Wellington and Lopdell House in Titirangi. It changed its name to Kelston Deaf Education Centre in 1991 to better reflect the wide range of services it provided. At the start of the third term of 2020 the school merged with the Van Asch Deaf Education Centre to form Ko Taku Reo, a national school for Deaf Education.
# Ofilius Calavius

Ofilius Calavius Ovi f. was a Campanian nobleman during the Second Samnite War. Following the disaster of the Caudine Forks, where both Roman consuls were obliged to surrender their army and pass under the yoke, opinions in Campania were divided as to whether the defeat would forever halt the progress of Roman arms down the Italian peninsula.
The Samnites were of the opinion that their victory would ensure a permanent peace with the Romans; and indeed, peace did hold from the time of the surrender in 321 until 316 BC. Calavius, one of the most distinguished men of Capua, the greatest city of Campania, witnessed the grim procession of the defeated Romans, who were escorted to the borders of the country and allowed to return home with their lives. Calavius' attitude was less sanguine; he realized that the humiliation of their defeat foreshadowed the eventual return of Roman arms, and grim days ahead for the people of Campania.
Calavius' suspicions proved to be correct; hostilities resumed in 316 BC, and despite some early setbacks, and the intervention of the Etruscans in 311, the Romans persevered, and the Samnites sued for peace in 304, bringing the war to an end. The city of Capua retained its independence, but became a Roman ally.

## Family

The Calavii were a leading family in Campania for generations. Calavius (whom some manuscripts call by the Latin praenomen Aulus, instead of the Oscan praenomen Ofilius), was the son of Ovius Calavius, and apparently father of the brothers Ovius and Novius Calavius, who in 314 BC headed a conspiracy to mount an insurgency against the Romans.
A century later, during the Second Punic War, Pacuvius Calavius held the chief magistracy at Capua, and by a clever stratagem, prevented the Capuan senate from surrendering the city to Hannibal. Although the city eventually capitulated to the Carthaginian general, Calavius became his honored guest. When his son disclosed a plan to assassinate Hannibal, Calavius was able to dissuade him from this rash deed.
Some of the Calavii were subsequently held responsible for a series of fires set at Rome in 211 BC, supposedly set in revenge for the treatment of Campania by the Romans.
# Hans Svaning

Hans Svaning (1503 – 20 September 1584) was a Danish historian.

## Biography

Svaning was born at the village of Svaninge on Funen. He attended Vor Frue skole in Copenhagen and the University of Wittenberg graduating in 1529 and in 1533 receiving his master's degree.
Between 1541–52, he was the tutor of Prince Frederick, later King Frederick II of Denmark and became a royal historiographer in 1553. In 1539 he became professor of rhetoric at the University of Copenhagen. In 1547, he received the deanery at Ribe. His main work was a complete Danish history in Latin, Danmarkshistorie, which was completed in manuscript in 1579 and stored in the University of Copenhagen Library but lost in the Copenhagen Fire of 1728. Svaning died in Ribe in 1584, aged 81 years.
# Saint-Alban-de-Roche

Saint-Alban-de-Roche (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 601 | — |
| 1821 | 844 | +1.22% |
| 1846 | 1,103 | +1.08% |
| 1872 | 1,100 | −0.01% |
| 1901 | 1,149 | +0.15% |
| 1926 | 929 | −0.85% |
| 1946 | 821 | −0.62% |
| 1962 | 941 | +0.86% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1968 | 944 | +0.05% |
| 1975 | 1,070 | +1.81% |
| 1982 | 1,289 | +2.70% |
| 1990 | 1,545 | +2.29% |
| 1999 | 1,760 | +1.46% |
| 2007 | 1,856 | +0.67% |
| 2012 | 1,840 | −0.17% |
| 2017 | 1,982 | +1.50% |
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :
# PS Guide (1869)

PS Guide was a passenger vessel built for the Dartmouth Steam Packet Company in 1869.

## History

She was built by Harvey and Company of Hayle and launched on 7 September 1869 by Miss Alice Vincent. Her owners, the Dartmouth Steam Packet Company intended her as a powerful steam tug boat, and a passenger vessel for the summer trade in trips to the Channel Islands and France.
She was sold to the West Cornwall Steam Ship Company in 1872 when they lost both of their vessels and kept in service until 1875.
She was sold to Jackson and Ford of London and Milford in 1877, then Joseph Lawson of South Shields in 1883. In 1888 she was resold to John & David Morris, Pelaw Main and was reconstructed and converted to screw by Abbot & Co of Gateshead and renamed Jubilant. On 27 November 1897 it sailed from Maldon for the Tyne and its fate is unknown. In February 1898 it was assumed that the vessel was lost in the gale of 29 November 1897.
# Cerconota fusigera

Cerconota fusigera is a moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found in the Guianas and Brazil.
The wingspan is 24–27 mm. The forewings are brassy-ochreous-greyish, the costal area and a cloudy somewhat curved subterminal fascia paler greyish-ochreous and with the extreme costal edge ochreous-whitish towards the middle. There is a small dark purple-fuscous spot on the middle of the costa and a fusiform fuscous mark extending along the costa from two-thirds to near the apex. The hindwings are dark grey.
# John Devries

John Devries may refer to:
* John Devries (Yukon politician) (born 1945), a politician in the Yukon, Canada
* John DeVries (1915–1992), American lyricist
* John de Vries (born 1966), Australian racing driver
# Ravnište (Brus)

Ravnište (Serbian Cyrillic: Равниште) is a village located in the municipality of Brus, Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 83 inhabitants.
# Ronald Phillips

Ronald Phillips may refer to:
* Ron Phillips (politician) (born 1949), Australian politician
* Ron Phillips (Australian footballer) (1921–2007), Australian rules footballer
* Ronald L. Phillips (born 1940), American scientist and professor
* Ronnie Phillips (1947–2002), British footballer
* Ronald C. Phillips (1932–2005), American marine botanist and educator
* Ronald Phillips (murderer) (1973–2017), American murderer executed in 2017
* Ron Phillips (runner), winner of the 1972 4 × 880 yard relay at the NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships
# Junior Forest Rangers

The USDA Forest Service has created two national junior ranger programs: Junior Forest Ranger Adventure Guide and Junior Snow Ranger. The Junior Forest Rangers is a program allows children to, after completing a booklet of activities related to outdoor skills, conservation, and forest fire prevention, receive a Junior Forest Rangers or Snow Ranger patch and certificate. The Junior Forest Ranger program is also available in Spanish. The forest service also maintains a webpage with kid friendly activities.
The Junior Forest Rangers program began in 1953, when a Smokey Bear plush toy produced by Ideal Toys and sold by Macy's department store came with a card that allowed children to contact Smokey and become a Junior Forest Ranger. In 1955 there were 500,000 Junior Forest Rangers, and Smokey Bear was receiving so much mail that in 1965 he was given his own zip code. The Forest Service re-launched the Junior Forest Rangers program in 2006 with a redesigned booklet, now called an "Adventure Guide."
# Palaeovaranus

Palaeovaranus is an extinct genus of varanoid lizards from the Late Eocene of France and Germany. It contains two species, Palaeovaranus cayluxensis and Palaeovaranus giganteus (formerly assigned to a separate genus Melanosauroides). The genus was first named by Henri Filhol in 1877, but he had named the species Palaeovaranus cayluxi earlier as Palaeosaurus cayluxi in 1873, and as Necrosaurus cuxleyi in 1876 after it was discovered that Palaeosaurus was preoccupied. However, he failed to provide any kind of valid description, which renders Karl Alfred Ritter von Zittel's 1887 description of the taxon as the valid authority on its validity. Despite this, the name Necrosaurus was the widely used name in the literature afterwards until 2017, when the name Palaeovaranus was revived. It is placed in the family Palaeovaranidae.
# Sri Lankan cricket team in England in 1981

The Sri Lanka national cricket team toured England in the 1981 season and played thirteen first-class matches, mostly against county teams. The Sri Lankans also played two one-day matches and finished their tour with a visit to the Netherlands where they played two minor games. During the tour Sri Lanka was awarded Test cricket status by the International Cricket Council (ICC) and played their inaugural Test match the following year.
# Saho

Saho may refer to:
* Saho people, an ethnic group living largely in the Horn of Africa
** Saho language, the language of the Saho people
* Saaho, a 2019 film
* Akari Saho (born 1995), Japanese musician
* Saho Sasazawa, Japanese author
* Saho Harada, Japanese synchronized swimmer
* Lamin Saho, African singer
* Saho (film), a 2023 Sri Lankan film
# Kirk MacDonald (politician)

Kirk Douglas MacDonald is a former politician in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. Born in Stanley, New Brunswick, he earned a Bachelor of Business Administration degree from the University of New Brunswick in 1997. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick in 1999 and re-elected in 2003, 2006 and 2010 and 2014.
He represented the electoral district of Fredericton-York and was a member of the cabinet as Minister of Business New Brunswick in 2006. He lost re-election in the 2018 election.
# Cercoux

Cercoux (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in southwestern France.
# Incilius epioticus

Incilius epioticus (common name: Cerro Utyum toad) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found on the Atlantic versant of the Cordillera de Talamanca in south-eastern Costa Rica and north-eastern Panama. Its natural habitats are primary and mature secondary forests, cloud forests, and highland oak forests. It is diurnal and found over dead leaves on the forest floor.
# Reconciliation education

Reconciliation education is a teaching-learning framework for improving participants' attitudes toward other groups of people, developed in Australia by Adam Heaton.

## Background

The term reconciliation relates to race relations in this context, as used in various countries around the world, including Australia.
Reconciliation education was developed by Adam Paul Heaton based on findings from his 2014 PhD study. The study found that as Australian Grade 8 students engaged in a positive discourse about Aboriginal Australians, they developed more positive attitudes toward the other group.

## Description

The educational framework is aimed at improving attitudes and relationships among different groups of people. The other group may possess characteristics diverse from participants' own, such as a different ethnicity, religion or political affiliation. Participants engage in awareness-raising, truth-telling, perspective-taking, imagination and empathy as they consider a positive discourse designed to counter negative and prejudiced attitudes toward the group (see Figure 1).
Points of commonality exist with allophilia and reconciliation.
# Rosalie Gabler

Rosalie Adolfine Johanna Gabler (c.1870–1949) was a German-British psychotherapist. A "good friend and former pupil" of the pioneer psychoanalyst Wilhelm Stekel, she translated several books by Stekel into English.

## Life

Around 1901 Gabler had a child, Katharina. She subsequently divorced her husband and moved with her daughter to England. In the early 1920s she befriended Harold Samuel Coxeter, father of the future geometer Harold Coxeter. In 1922 her daughter Katie married Harold Samuel Coxeter.
Gabler was a member of the British Psychological Society and the Society for the Study of Orthopsychics. She also corresponded with the British Sexological Society.
In June 1934 she became naturalized as a British citizen. In the 1940s she was living in Peaslake near Guildford.

## Works

* (tr.) The Beloved Ego: foundations of the new study of the psyche by Wilkelm Stekel. Kegan Paul & Co.: London, 1921.
* (tr.) Disguises of love: psychoanalytic sketches by Wilhelm Stekel. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1922.
* (tr.) Conditions of nervous anxiety and their treatment by Wilhelm Stekel. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1923.
# Justice Fraser

Justice Fraser or Justice Frazer may refer to:
* Franklin D. Fraser (1819–1879), associate justice of the Florida Supreme Court
* Thomas B. Fraser (1860–1925), associate justice of the South Carolina Supreme Court
* Robert S. Frazer (1849–1936), associate justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
* William C. Frazer (1776–1838), associate justice of the Wisconsin Territorial Supreme Court
# Fujiwara no Michitaka

Fujiwara no Michitaka (藤原 道隆, 953 – May 16, 995), the first son of Kaneie, was a Kugyō (Japanese noble) of the Heian period. He served as regent (Sesshō) for the Emperor Ichijō, and later as Kampaku. Ichijō married Michitaka's daughter Teishi (Sadako), thus continuing the close ties between the Imperial family and the Fujiwara.
Michitaka is sometimes referred to as Nijō Kampaku (二条関白) or Naka-no-Kampaku (中関白).

## Career

* Kanna 2 (986): Chūnagon (中納言)
* Kanna 2 (986): Gon-no-Dainagon (権大納言)
* Eien 3, on the 23rd day of the 2nd month (989): Naidaijin (内大臣)
* Shōryaku 1, on the 8th day of the 5th month (990): Kampaku (関白) for Emperor Ichijō
* Shōryaku 1, on the 26th day of the 5th month (990): Sesshō (摂政) for Emperor Ichijō
* Shōryaku 2, on the 23rd day of the 7th month (991): retire from Naidaijin
* Shōryaku 4, on the 22nd day of the 4th month (993): Kampaku for the Emperor Ichijō
* Chōtoku 1, on the 3rd day of the 4th month (995): retire from Kampaku
* Chōtoku 1, in the 10th day of the 4th month (May 16, 995): Michitaka died at the age of 43.

## Family

* Father: Fujiwara no Kaneie (藤原兼家, 929–990)
* Mother: Fujiwara no Tokihime (藤原時姫, ?–980), daughter of Fujiwara no Nakamasa (藤原中正)
** Wife: Takashina no Takako (高階貴子, ?–996), daughter of Takashina no Naritada (高階成忠), called Kō-no-Naishi (高内侍) or Gidō-sanshi no Haha (儀同三司母).
*** 3rd son: Fujiwara no Korechika (藤原伊周, 974–1010)
*** 1st daughter: Fujiwara no Teishi (藤原定子, 977–1001), empress consort of Emperor Ichijō.
*** 4th son: Fujiwara no Takaie (藤原隆家, 979–1044)
*** 2nd daughter: Fujiwara no Genshi (Motoko) (藤原原子, 980?–1002), consort of Emperor Sanjō.
*** Son: Ryūen (隆円, 980-1015), Komatsu Sōzu, priest.
*** 3rd daughter: Fujiwara no Yoriko? (藤原頼子, ?-?), married to Prince Atsumichi (son of Emperor Reizei).
*** 4th daughter: name unknown, Mikushige-dono-no-bettō (御匣殿別当, 985?-1002), concubine of Emperor Ichijō.
** Wife: daughter of Fujiwara no Morihito (藤原守仁の娘, ?-988)
*** 1st son: Fujiwara no Michiyori (藤原道頼, 971-995), adopted by his grandfather, Fujiwara no Kaneie.
** Wife: daughter of Iyo-no-kami Tomotaka (伊予守奉孝の娘)
*** Son: Fujiwara no Chikaie (藤原周家, ?-1038)
*** Son: Fujiwara no Chikayori (藤原周頼, ?-1019)
** Wife: daughter of Fujiwara no Kuninori (藤原国章の娘)
*** 5th daughter: lady-in-waiting for Fujiwara no Kenshi, wife of Emperor Sanjō
** Wife: Tachibana no Kiyoko (橘清子, ?-?)
*** Son: Fujiwara no Yoshichika (藤原好親, ?-?)
** Wife: unknown
*** 2nd son: Fujiwara no Yorichika (藤原頼親, 972-1010)
*** Daughter: wife of Taira no Shigeyoshi (平重義室)
# Dawn Doyle

Dawn Doyle is an Irish Sinn Féin activist.
Born in Wexford, Doyle worked in Sinn Féin's Press Office in Dublin for four years before becoming Sinn Féin's Director of Publicity, in 1998. She served in this post for almost ten years, before becoming 26 County Director of Political Operations in 2008. She served as General Secretary of the party from 2009 until 2020.
# Ceratoporthe

Ceratoporthe is a genus of fungi within the Melanconidaceae family.
# Imvani

Imvani is a settlement some 30 km north of Cathcart and 30 km west of St Marks. It takes its name from the river nearby which in turn was named after a type of wild asparagus, A. stipulacens, the roots of which are eaten either raw or cooked. The form iMvani has been approved.
# Rcos

RCOS, Rcos or rCOS may refer to:
* Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
* Royal College of Surgeons of England
* Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh
* RC Optical Systems
* Rcos (trigonometric function), an archaic trigonometric function
* rCOS (computer sciences), a model in computer sciences
# Roy Laing

William Roy Laing (4 April 1893 – 11 April 1972) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL) before and after the First World War.
Laing, originally from Western Australia, was recruited to Essendon from the Beverley Juniors in Richmond. A half back flanker, he was a member of Essendon's back to back premiership teams in 1923 and 1924. He represented the Victorian interstate side five times, one of them as captain against South Australia in 1921. Laing was considered to be likely to move to the Hawthorn Football Club when they entered the league in 1925, but this did not occur. In 1937 and 1938, Laing was non playing coach of Camberwell.
# Last Set: Live at the 1369 Jazz Club

Last Set: Live at the 1369 Jazz Club is an album by American jazz trumpeter Raphe Malik recorded in 1984 but not issued until 2004 by the Boxholder label. The live set adds tenor saxophonist Frank Wright as special guest to the regular trio of Malik, bassist William Parker and drummer Syd Smart.

## Background

In the 70s Malik was a member of the Jimmy Lyons' quartet and the Cecil Taylor Unit. In 1984 he was leading a trio who played regularly in Boston. The drummer was Sydney Smart, who played with Malik in Taylor's ensemble at Antioch from 1971 to 1973, and in the Jimmy Lyons Quartet that debuted in New York in 1972. The bassist was William Parker, a member of the Cecil Taylor Unit since 1980. Malik has first met saxophonist Frank Wright in Paris in 1970.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
In his review for AllMusic, Eugene Chadbourne says "Even if Malik had been releasing lots of new material circa 1984 this would still be a valuable recording, one that ought to make even the seasoned free jazz listener stomp his foot in approval."
The Penguin Guide to Jazz describes the album as "a storming quartet date which benefits inmeasurably from the presence of both Wright and Parker" and notes that "while the soud is ragged in places, it's an exciting reminder of what died with Malik in early 2006."
The All About Jazz review by Trevor MacLaren says "Last Set: Live at the 1369 Jazz Club is a great 'lost' recording from some of the genre's premier musicians. And like much of the music from this style, it still sounds fresh."
In his review for JazzTimes David R. Adler notes "Malik stretches on three original pieces (nearly an hour of music), sounding brash and inventive. The recording is rough but full-bodied and clear."

## Track listing

    All compositions by Raphe Malik
* "Sad C" – 15:02
* "Companions #2" – 29:56
* "Chaser" – 10:16

## Personnel

* Raphe Malik – trumpet
* Frank Wright – tenor sax, voice
* William Parker – bass
* Syd Smart – drums
# Karl Hoffmann

Karl Hoffmann may refer to:
* Karl Hoffmann (architect) (1883–1951), German architect
* Karl Hoffmann (politician) (1820–1895), declined election to the Swiss Federal Council in 1881
* Karl Hoffmann (naturalist) (1823–1859), German physician and naturalist
* Karl Hoffmann (linguist) (1915–1996), German linguist
* Karl Hoffmann (rower) (born 1906), German Olympic rower
* Karl Hoffmann (footballer) (1935–2020), German footballer
* Karl W. Hofmann (born 1961), former United States Ambassador to Togo
# Sri Lankan cricket team in England in 1990

The Sri Lanka national cricket team toured England in the 1990 season to play six first-class matches and two limited overs matches against county teams.
The first-class fixtures were against:
* Glamorgan at Eugene Cross Park, Ebbw Vale
* Nottinghamshire at Cleethorpes
* Warwickshire at Edgbaston
* Sussex at Hove
* Lancashire at Old Trafford
* Hampshire at Southampton

## External sources

CricketArchive – tour itineraries

## Annual reviews

* Playfair Cricket Annual 1991
* Wisden Cricketers' Almanack 1991
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