OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Embedded value

The Embedded Value (EV) of a life insurance company is the present value of future profits plus adjusted net asset value. It is a construct from the field of actuarial science which allows insurance companies to be valued.

## Background

Life insurance policies are long-term contracts, where the policyholder pays a premium to be covered against a possible future event (such as the death of the policyholder).
Future income for the insurer consists of premiums paid by policyholders whilst future outgoings comprise claims paid to policyholders as well as various expenses. The difference, combined with income on and release of statutory reserves, represents future profit.
Net asset value is the difference between the total assets and liabilities of an insurance company.
For companies, the net asset value is usually calculated at book value. This needs to be adjusted to market values for EV purposes. Furthermore, this value may be discounted to reflect the "lock in" of some of the assets by their nature. (An example of such a lock-in would be assets held within the with-profits fund)

## Value of the insurer

EV measures the value of the insurer by adding today's value of the existing business (i.e. future profits) to the market value of net assets (i.e. accumulated past profits).
It is a conservative measure of the insurer's value in the sense that it only considers future profits from existing policies and so ignores the possibility that the insurer may sell new policies in future. It also excludes goodwill. As a result, the insurer is worth more than its EV.

## Formula

Embedded Value is calculated as follows:
    EV = PVFP + ANAV
where
    EV = Embedded Value
    PVFP = present value of future profits
    ANAV = adjusted net asset value

## Improvements

European embedded value (EEV) is a variation of EV which was set up by the CFO Forum which allows for a more formalised method of choosing the parameters and doing the calculations, to enable greater transparency and comparability.
Market Consistent Embedded Value is a more generalised methodology, of which EEV is one example.
# Rhipicephalus hoogstraali

Rhipicephalus hoogstraali is a tick found in Djibouti and Somalia. First recognized by Harry Hoogstraal as Rhipicephalus longicoxatus based on an incomplete published description, after discovery of the holotype of R. longicoxatus, it was described and named to honor Hoogstraal in 2009.
The specific epithet is not universally accepted as valid, because the species was not described according to the accepted rules of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

## Hosts

Rhipicephalus hoogstraali parasitizes sheep, goats, camels, and cattle.
# Hillieae

Hillieae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 29 species in 3 genera. Its representatives are found in tropical America. The tribe is sometimes included in its sister tribe Hamelieae.

## Genera

Currently accepted names
* Balmea Martinez (1 sp)
* Cosmibuena Ruiz & Pav. (4 sp)
* Hillia Jacq. (24 sp)
Synonyms
* Buena Pohl = Cosmibuena
* Fereiria Vell. ex Vand. = Hillia
* Ravnia Oerst. = Hillia
* Saldanha Vell. = Hillia
# Xanthocephalum

Xanthocephalum is a genus of North American plants in the tribe Astereae within the family Asteraceae.
The name "Xanthocephalum" means "yellow head," from the Greek "xanthos," yellow and "kephale," head. The genus was once much larger than it is today, with many of its former members transferred to Gutierrezia in the 1980s.

## Species

* Xanthocephalum amoenum Shinners - Texas
* Xanthocephalum benthamianum Hemsl. - Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, Chihuahua, Durango, Michoacán, Jalisco
* Xanthocephalum centauroides Willd. - Michoacán, Durango, D.F., Guanajuato, México State
* Xanthocephalum durangense M.A.Lane - Durango
* Xanthocephalum eradiatum (M.A.Lane) G.L.Nesom - Chihuahua
* Xanthocephalum gymnospermoides (A.Gray) Benth. & Hook.f. - United States (Arizona, Texas), Chihuahua, Sonora
* Xanthocephalum humile (Kunth) Benth. & Hook.f. - Hidalgo, D.F., Puebla, Tlaxcala, México State, San Luis Potosí
* Xanthocephalum megalocephalum Fernald - Chihuahua

## formerly included

see Amphiachyris Gutierrezia Gymnosperma Pilosella Stephanodoria
# Hermann Zabel

Hermann Zabel (22 September 1832, Neu-Katzow – 26 April 1912, Gotha) was a German botanist who specialized in the field of dendrology.
From 1854 to 1860 he was employed as an assistant at the botanical garden and museum in Greifswald. From 1869 to 1895 he was director of the forestry botanical garden in Hannoversch Münden. In retirement he took up residence in the city of Gotha.
The genus Zabelia (Rehder) Makino is named in his honor, as are taxa with the specific epithets of zabeliana and zabelii.

## Published works

* Übersicht der Flora von Neuvorpommern und Rügen, 1859 – Survey on the flora of Neuvorpommern and Rügen
* "Catalogue of the Botanic Garden of the Forest Academy of Munden, Germany", (published in English).
* Die Gattung Symphoricarpus, 1887 – The genus Symphoricarpos.
* Die strauchigen Spiräen der deutschen Gärten, 1893 – The shrubby Spiraea of German gardens.
* Handbuch der Laubholz-Benenung, 1903 (with Ludwig Beissner, Ernst Schelle) – Handbook of deciduous tree designation.
# International cricket in 1927

The 1927 International cricket season was from April 1927 to August 1927.

## Season overview

International tours :
| Start date | Home team | Away team | Results [Matches] | Results [Matches] | Results [Matches] | Results [Matches] |
| Start date | Home team | Away team | Test | ODI | FC | LA |
| 11 May 1927 | England | New Zealand | — | — | 0–0 [2] | — |
| 1 June 1927 | England | Wales | — | — | 1–0 [1] | — |
| 25 June 1927 | England | England Rest | — | — | 0–0 [3] | — |
| 9 July 1927 | Ireland | Scotland | — | — | 0–0 [1] | — |
| 1 August 1927 | Netherlands | Foresters | — | — | 0–2 [3] | — |
| 3 September 1927 | Wales | New Zealand | — | — | 0–0 [1] | — |

## May
### New Zealand in England

Three-day match series :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match | 11–13 May | Johnny Douglas | Tom Lowry | Lord's, London | Match drawn |
| Match | 10–13 September | Johnny Douglas | Tom Lowry | North Marine Road Ground, Scarborough | Match drawn |

## June
### Wales in England

Two-day Match :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match | 1–3 June | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Lord's, London | Marylebone by 7 wickets |

### Test trial in England

Three-day match series :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match 1 | 25–28 June | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Bramall Lane, Sheffield | Match drawn |
| Match 2 | 23–26 July | Douglas Jardine | Not mentioned | The Royal & Sun Alliance County Ground, Bristol | Match drawn |
| Match 3 | 10–13 August | Douglas Jardine | Not mentioned | Lord's, London | Match drawn |

## July
### Scotland in Ireland

Three-day Match :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match | 9–12 July | Bob Lambert | CS Paterson | College Park, Dublin | Match drawn |

## August
### Foresters in Netherlands

Two-day match series :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match 1 | 1–2 August | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | The Hague | Free Foresters by 6 wickets |
| Match 2 | 3–4 August | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Hilversum | Free Foresters by an innings and 1 run |
| Match 3 | 6–7 August | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Haarlem | Match drawn |

## September
### New Zealand in Wales

Three-day Match :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match | 9–12 July | Norman Riches | Tom Lowry | Llandudno Cricket Club Ground | Match drawn |
# Katarzyna Skarpetowska

Katarzyna Skarpetowska (born ca. 1977) is a dancer and choreographer of Polish descent. She danced with the Lar Lubovitch Dance Company from 2007 - 2014, and Parsons Dance Company. from 1999-2006. Her choreography, often set on the Parsons company, is noted for providing a more emotionally complicated contrast to Parson's work.
She performed in the Broadway musical METRO at age 15 directed by Janusz Józefowicz. Following the show's run, she attended NYC High School for the Performing Arts and then received a BFA in Dance from The Juilliard School in 1999 under artistic director Benjamin Harkarvy. After graduation, she joined Parsons Dance, performing leading roles in the company’s repertory including the iconic CAUGHT. With the Lar Lubovitch Dance Company, Katarzyna performed at many reputable venues such as New York’s City Center, The Kennedy Center and The Bolshoi Theater, and was a guest artist with The Battleworks Dance Company and Buglisi Dance Theater. Her choreography has been performed by Richmond Ballet, Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater II, Lar Lubovitch Dance Company, Parsons Dance, Buglisi Dance Theater, Houston Metropolitan Dance Company, Hubbard Street 2, among others.
She was named one of Dance Magazine's "25 to Watch" in 2016.
She lives in New York City.
# Minimum design metal temperature

MDMT is one of the design conditions for pressure vessels engineering calculations, design and manufacturing according to the ASME Boilers and Pressure Vessels Code. Each pressure vessel that conforms to the ASME code has its own MDMT, and this temperature is stamped on the vessel nameplate. The precise definition can sometimes be a little elaborate, but in simple terms the MDMT is a temperature arbitrarily selected by the user of type of fluid and the temperature range the vessel is going to handle. The so-called arbitrary MDMT must be lower than or equal to the CET (which is an environmental or "process" property, see below) and must be higher than or equal to the (MDMT)$_M$ (which is a material property).
Critical exposure temperature (CET) is the lowest anticipated temperature to which the vessel will be subjected, taking into consideration lowest operating temperature, operational upsets, autorefrigeration, atmospheric temperature, and any other sources of cooling. In some cases it may be the lowest temperature at which significant stresses will occur and not the lowest possible temperature.
(MDMT)$_M$ is the lowest temperature permitted according to the metallurgy of the vessel fabrication materials and the thickness of the vessel component, that is, according to the low temperature embrittlement range and the charpy impact test requirements per temperature and thickness, for each one of the vessel's components.
# Gem, Ohio

Gem is an unincorporated community in Noble County, in the U.S. state of Ohio.

## History

Gem was founded in 1892 by Thomas R. Harper, who built a store there and became the community's first postmaster. A post office was established at Gem in 1895, and remained in operation until 1904.
# Holon (Nik Bärtsch album)

Holon is an album by Swiss pianist and composer Nik Bärtsch's band Ronin recorded in France in July 2007 and released on ECM the following year.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
The AllMusic review by Thom Jurek states "The most beautiful thing about Holon is how "live" it all feels. You can see in the mind's eye and fully hear this music in a setting where an audience is urging the band on, not just listening, but moving. How much better does it get than that? The more things stay the same in Ronin, the more they change."

## Personnel

* Nik Bärtsch – piano, electric piano
* Sha – alto saxophone, bass clarinet, contrabass clarinet
* Björn Meyer – 6-string bass
* Kaspar Rast – drums
* Andi Pupato – percussion
# Purulia–Villupuram Superfast Express

The Purulia–Viluppuram Superfast Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Southern Railway zone that runs between Purulia Junction and Viluppuram Junction in India. It is currently being operating with 22605/22606 train numbers on a weekly basis. Extended up to Tirunelveli Junction soon by southern railway press release

## Service

The 22605/Purulia–Viluppuram Weekly Superfast Express has an average speed of 57 km/h and covers 1992 km in 34h 15m. The 22606/Viluppuram–Purulia Weekly Superfast Express has an average speed of 56 km/h and covers 1992 km in 35h 30m .

## Route and halts

The important halts of the train are:
* Purulia Junction
* Adra Junction
* Cuttack Junction
* Bhubaneswar
* Khurda Road Junction
* Brahmapur
* Vizianagaram Junction
* Visakhapatnam Junction
* Eluru
* Vijayawada Junction
* Katpadi Junction
* Tiruvannamalai
* Viluppuram Junction

## Coach composition

The train has standard ICF rakes with a maximum speed of 110 km/h. The train consists of 18 coaches:
* 1 AC II Tier
* 2 AC III Tier
* 7 Sleeper coaches
* 6 General Unreserved
* 2 Seating cum Luggage Rake

## Traction

Both trains are hauled by an Erode Loco Shed-based WAP-4 electric locomotive from Purulia to Viluppuram and vice versa.

## Rake sharing

The train shares its rake with 22603/22604 Kharagpur–Villupuram Superfast Express.

## Direction reversal

The train reverses its direction 1 times:
* Visakhapatnam Junction

## Demands

There are demands to extend this train till Puducherry from Villupuram Junction.
# Jagathgiri Gutta

Jagathgiri Gutta is a Colony and a Municipal Division (Division 125)in Quthbullapur assembly Constituency in Hyderabad in Telangana state of India.
* This article about a location in Ranga Reddy district, Telangana is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Xenopholis undulatus

Xenopholis undulatus, Jensen's ground snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae.

## Geographic range

Xenopholis undulatus is found in Brazil and Paraguay.
# International cricket in 1927–28

The 1927–28 international cricket season was from September 1927 to April 1928.

## Season overview

International tours :
| Start date | Home team | Away team | Results [Matches] | Results [Matches] | Results [Matches] | Results [Matches] |
| Start date | Home team | Away team | Test | ODI | FC | LA |
| 28 October 1927 | Australia | New Zealand | — | — | 1–0 [1] | — |
| 24 December 1927 | South Africa | England | 2–2 [5] | — | — | — |
| 9 February 1928 | Jamaica | England | — | — | 2–0 [3] | — |
| 24 March 1928 | New Zealand | Australia | — | — | 0–1 [2] | — |

## October
### New Zealand in Australia

First-class match :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match | 29–31 October | Alan Kippax | Tom Lowry | Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney | New South Wales by 10 wickets |

## December
### England in South Africa

Test series :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Test 168 | 24–27 December | Nummy Deane | Rony Stanyforth | Old Wanderers, Johannesburg | England by 10 wickets |
| Test 169 | 31 Dec–4 January | Nummy Deane | Rony Stanyforth | Newlands, Cape Town | England by 87 runs |
| Test 170 | 21–25 January | Nummy Deane | Rony Stanyforth | Kingsmead, Durban | Match drawn |
| Test 171 | 28 Jan–1 February | Nummy Deane | Rony Stanyforth | Old Wanderers, Johannesburg | South Africa by 4 wickets |
| Test 172 | 4–8 February | Nummy Deane | Rony Stanyforth | Kingsmead, Durban | South Africa by 8 wickets |

## February
### England in Jamaica

First-class series :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match 1 | 9–13 February | Karl Nunes | Lionel Tennyson | Sabina Park, Kingston | Jamaica by 218 runs |
| Match 2 | 18–22 February | Karl Nunes | Lionel Tennyson | Melbourne Park, Kingston | Jamaica by an innings and 98 runs |
| Match 3 | 28 Feb–3 March | Karl Nunes | Lionel Tennyson | Sabina Park, Kingston | Match drawn |

## March
### Australia in New Zealand

First-class Series :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match 1 | 24–27 March | Tom Lowry | Vic Richardson | Eden Park, Auckland | Match drawn |
| Match 2 | 10–13 January | Tom Lowry | Vic Richardson | Carisbrook, Dunedin | Australia by 7 wickets |
# Katarzyna Selwant

Katarzyna "Kasia" Selwant is the former Polish national curling team lead. In 2005, she posed for a calendar to promote women's curling. She played in both the 2004 and 2005 European Curling Championships for skip Krystyna Beniger. Poland finished 17th and 21st respectively.
# Minuscule 303

Minuscule 303 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), Θ$^{ε32}$ (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on cotton paper. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1255.

## Description

The codex contains the text of the four Gospels on 321 paper leaves (29.2 cm by 23.2 cm) with some lacunae. The text is written in one column per page, in 33 lines per page. John 1:1-3:29 is written on vellum.
It contains Synaxarion (added by later hand) and numbers of Verses at the end of each Gospel. It contains Homilies of Chrysostomos to Matthew 13-14, and some iambic verses. The biblical text is surrounded by a catena. The commentary is of Theophylact's authorship.

## Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Aland placed it in Category V. It was not examined by the Claremont Profile Method.

## History

The manuscript was written by Nicander, a monk. It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scholz (1794–1852). The manuscript was examined by Wettstein and Scholz (1794–1852). It was examined and described by Paulin Martin. C. R. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1885.
The manuscript is currently housed at the Bibliothèque nationale de France (Gr. 194A) at Paris.
# Gem-associated protein 7

Gem-associated protein 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GEMIN7 gene. The gem-associated proteins are those found in the gems of Cajal bodies.

## Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a component of the core SMN complex, which is required for pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus. The encoded protein is found in the nucleoplasm, in nuclear "gems" (Gemini of Cajal bodies), and in the cytoplasm. Three transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.

## Interactions

Gem-associated protein 7 has been shown to interact with SMN1 and Gem-associated protein 6.
# Live in Japan (Simian Mobile Disco album)

Live in Japan is a live album by English electronic music duo Simian Mobile Disco. It was released on 7 July 2008 on Wichita Recordings and Hostess Records in Japan.
Although the album is made one only track, the track listing given inside the CD case shows only Simian Mobile Disco tracks, except for Ladyflash which was originally composed by the Go! Team and remixed by Simian Mobile Disco for the single release of the track and live purposes.

## Track listing

* "Sleep Deprivation"
* "Animal House"
* "Ladyflash" (Simian Mobile Disco's remix of the Go! Team song)
* "It's the Beat"
* "System"
* "Hustler"
* "Tits and Acid"
* "Scott"
# Pullman loaf

The Pullman loaf, sometimes called the "sandwich loaf" or "pan bread", is a rectangular loaf of white bread baked in a long, narrow, lidded pan. The French term for this style of loaf is pain de mie, or, less commonly, pain anglais.
European breadmakers began using square lidded pans in the early 19th century to minimize crust. Railway service pioneer George Pullman chose the loaf for use on his Pullman railcars for efficiency reasons. Three Pullman loaves occupied the same space as two standard round-topped loaves, thus maximizing the use of space in the small Pullman kitchen.
# Rhus sandwicensis

Rhus sandwicensis, commonly known as neneleau, neleau or Hawaiian sumac, is a species of flowering plant in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae, that is endemic to Hawaii. It is small tree, reaching a height of 4.5–7.5 m (15–25 ft) and a trunk diameter of 10–30 cm (3.9–11.8 in). Neneleau inhabits dry, coastal mesic, mixed mesic and wet forests at elevations of 180–610 m (590–2,000 ft) on all main islands.
The Latin specific epithet of sandwicensis refers to the "Sandwich Islands," as the Hawaiian Islands were once called, and named by James Cook on one of his voyages in the 1770s. James Cook named the islands after John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich for supporting Cook's voyages.

## Uses

Neneleau wood was used by Native Hawaiians to make laʻau lomi lomi (massage sticks) and ʻumeke (calabashes).

## Cultural significance

Neneleau is mentioned in the Kumulipo, the Hawaiian creation chant.
# Xenopholis scalaris

Xenopholis scalaris, Wucherer's ground snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to South America.

## Geographic range

Xenopholis scalaris is found in Amazonian Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru. Other locality records include Colombia, French Guiana, and Venezuela.
# International cricket in 1926

The 1926 International cricket season was from April 1926 to August 1926.

## Season overview

International tours :
| Start date | Home team | Away team | Results [Matches] | Results [Matches] | Results [Matches] | Results [Matches] |
| Start date | Home team | Away team | Test | ODI | FC | LA |
| 5 June 1926 | England | England Rest | — | — | 0–0 [1] | — |
| 12 June 1926 | England | Australia | 1–0 [5] | — | — | — |
| 26 June 1926 | Ireland | Wales | — | — | 0–0 [1] | — |
| 10 July 1926 | Scotland | Ireland | — | — | 1–0 [1] | — |
| 31 July 1926 | Netherlands | Foresters | — | — | 1–2 [4] | — |
| 28 August 1926 | Belgium | Netherlands | — | — | 0–1 [1] | — |

## June
### Test trial in England

Three-day match :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match | 5–8 June | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Lord's, London | Match drawn |

### Australia in England

The Ashes Test series :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Test 163 | 12–15 June | Arthur Carr | Herbie Collins | Trent Bridge, Nottingham | Match drawn |
| Test 164 | 26–29 June | Arthur Carr | Herbie Collins | Lord's, London | Match drawn |
| Test 165 | 10–13 July | Arthur Carr | Warren Bardsley | Headingley Cricket Ground, Leeds | Match drawn |
| Test 166 | 24–27 July | Arthur Carr | Warren Bardsley | Old Trafford Cricket Ground, Manchester | Match drawn |
| Test 167 | 14–18 August | Percy Chapman | Herbie Collins | Kennington Oval, London | England by 289 runs |

### Wales in Ireland

Two-day Match :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match | 26–29 June | Jim Ganly | Norman Riches | Ormeau, Belfast | Match drawn |

## July
### Ireland in Scotland

Three-day Match :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match | 10–13 July | Gilbert Hole | Jim Ganly | Glenpark Cricket Ground, Greenock | Scotland an innings and 147 runs |

### Foresters in Netherlands

Two-day Match Series :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match 1 | 31 Jul–1 August | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Antwerp | Match drawn |
| Match 2 | 2–3 August | Anthony de Beus | Not mentioned | De Diepput, The Hague | HCC by 7 wickets |
| Match 3 | 4–5 August | Dé Kessler | Not mentioned | Zomerland, Bilthoven | Free Foresters by 6 wickets |
| Match 4 | 6–7 August | Anthony de Beus | Not mentioned | Haarlem | Free Foresters by 113 runs |

## August
### Netherlands in Belgium

Two-day Match :
| No. | Date | Home captain | Away captain | Venue | Result |
| Match | 28–29 August | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Brussels | Rood en Wit by an innings and 11 runs |
# Kashi Ka Assi

Kashi Ka Assi is a 2004 Hindi novel written by Kashi Nath Singh. A movie, Mohalla Assi was made on this novel. Kashi Ka Assi can signify to the Assi that belongs to Kashi – the city or the author. He has added real people and real conversations in this novel. The story goes through the events in 1990 and 1998 including Ram Janmabhoomi movement and Mandal Commission implementation.
The book brings alive Assi in Kashi through various characters, their curiosity and more importantly their association with each other. It reminds of the times when people used to matter more than the materialistic things and interacted with each other.