OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fuse (hydraulic)

In hydraulic systems, a fuse (or velocity fuse) is a component which prevents the sudden loss of hydraulic fluid pressure. It is a safety feature, designed to allow systems to continue operating, or at least to not fail catastrophically, in the event of a system breach. It does this by stopping or greatly restricting the flow of hydraulic fluid through the fuse if the flow exceeds a threshold.
The term "fuse" is used here in analogy with electrical fuses which perform a similar function.
Hydraulic systems rely on high pressures (usually over 7000 kPa) to work properly. If a hydraulic system loses fluid pressure, such as due to a burst hydraulic hose, it will become inoperative and components such as actuators may collapse. This is an undesirable condition in life-critical systems such as aircraft or heavy machinery, such as forklifts. Hydraulic fuses help guard against catastrophic failure of a hydraulic system by automatically isolating the defective branch.
When a hydraulic system is damaged, there is generally a rapid flow of hydraulic fluid towards the breach. Most hydraulic fuses detect this flow and seal themselves (or restrict flow) if the flow exceeds a predetermined limit. There are many different fuse designs but most involve a passive spring-controlled mechanism which closes when the pressure differential across the fuse becomes excessive.
Many gas station pumps are equipped with a velocity fuse to limit gasoline flow. The fuse can be heard to engage with a "click" on some pumps if the nozzle trigger is depressed fully. A slight reduction in fuel flow can be observed. The fuse resets instantly upon releasing the trigger.

## Types

There are two types of hydraulic fuses. The first one acts like a pressure relief valve, venting in case of a pressure surge. The second is more or less like a check valve. The only difference is a check valve is in place to prevent upstream fluid from coming back and venting out. A fuse is in place before the venting area and stops fluid from venting forward of it.
Hydraulic fuses are not a perfect solution to fluid loss. They will probably be ineffective against slow, seeping loss of hydraulic fluid, and they may be unable to prevent fluid loss in the event of a catastrophic system failure involving multiple breaches to hydraulic lines. Also, when a fuse activates it is likely that the system will no longer function as designed, as hydraulically-actuated devices may be present in the section isolated by the fuse.
Depending on the system, hydraulic fuses may reset automatically after a delay, or may require manual re-opening. Forklift main hoist cylinders are usually equipped with a fuse built into the hose adapter at the base of the cylinder that resets immediately upon stopping the flow.

## In dam spillways

In the design of a spillway for a dam, a fuse plug is a water retaining structure designed to wash out in a controlled fashion if the main dam is in danger of overtopping due to flood, and if the normal spillway channel is insufficient to control the overtopping.
# Fort Reading

Fort Reading is a historical site in Anderson, California in Shasta County. Fort Reading site is a California Historical Landmark No. 379 listed on March 31, 1933. Founded on January 3, 1944, on west side of Cow Creek, Fort Reading was built to protect the settlers, California Gold Rush miners and travelers in the area. Fort Reading was founded by United States Army by Second Lieutenant E. N. Davis, Co. E, 2nd Infantry. Davis was sent to build the fort by Lieutenant Colonel George M. Wright. At the time the large fort was the first fort in Northern California. The fort was built in 10 acres of land that had been cleared for good visibility. Fort Reading was named after Pierson Barton Reading. Most of the larger base of troops was removed on April 1, 1856. The second draw down of troops was on June 13, 1867. The Fort Reading was completely abandoned on April 6, 1870. The Cow Creek would flood some years, flooding the fort sometimes. No trace of Fort Reading remains.
The marker at the site of the Fort Reading was placed there in 1934 by the U.S. Army and the Shasta Historical Society.
# Fort Recovery (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Pitchfork Media | (8.1/10) |
| PopMatters | |
Fort Recovery is an album by Centro-Matic, released in 2006.

## Track listing

* "Covered Up in Mines" – 4:12
* "Calling Thermatico" – 3:53
* "Patience for the Ride" – 5:24
* "I See Through You" – 3:31
* "In Such Crooked Time" – 4:16
* "For New Starts" – 4:40
* "The Fugitives Have Won" – 2:42
* "Monument Sails" – 3:47
* "Triggers & Trash Heaps" – 3:15
* "Nothin' I Ever Seen" – 3:08
* "Take the Maps & Run" – 2:37
* "Take a Rake" – 5:47
# Francis L. Garrett

Francis Leonard Garrett (1919-1992) was a Rear Admiral and Chief of Chaplains of the United States Navy.

## Biography

Garrett was born on April 7, 1919. He attended Wofford College, Emory University and Union Theological Seminary. Garrett died on May 13, 1992, and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery.

## Career

Garrett was commissioned a lieutenant (junior grade) in the United States Navy during World War II and was assigned to Naval Air Station Alameda. Afterwards, he served aboard the USS Rudyerd Bay (CVE-81), the USS Howard W. Gilmore (AS-16) and the USS Hornet (CV-12) and at Naval Air Station Dallas and Naval Station Great Lakes.
From 1965 to 1966, Garrett served in the Vietnam War as Force Chaplain of the III Marine Amphibious Force. During this time, he was awarded the Legion of Merit. In 1969, he became Fleet Chaplain of the United States Atlantic Fleet. The following year, he was named Chief of Chaplains and remained in the position until his retirement in 1975.
Following his retirement from the Navy, Garrett served as Senior Minister at Epworth United Methodist Church in Norfolk, Virginia. He was married to an Associate Reformed Presbyterian (White Oak Patrick).
# Frances Lennon

Frances Lennon, MBE (12 September 1912 – 24 January 2015) was a British artist from Greater Manchester, probably best known for being the Official Artist of the 2002 Commonwealth Games. Many comparisons have been made between Lennon's work and that of fellow Stretfordian L. S. Lowry; her paintings have been described as "Lowry-esque, but with more humour". Well-known collectors of her work include former Member of Parliament Winston Churchill.

## Early life

Lennon was born on Haddon Street, in the Gorse Hill district of Stretford. She was the second child of Edward and Margaret Mooney, and grew up with her elder sister Margaret and her younger brother Wilfrid. Frances was baptised into the Roman Catholic Church at St Ann's, Stretford and educated at the parish school between 1915 and 1923. She then went on to study at the Adelphi House Convent School in Salford, where the sisters of the Faithful Companions of Jesus discovered her talent for art. She also began drawing cartoons for Punch Magazine.
In 1928 Mooney began work as a draughtsman's assistant at the Metropolitan-Vickers factory in Trafford Park. She married fireman William Lennon on 19 February 1938 at St Ann’s, Stretford and the couple moved to the Bradford Fire Station, in east Manchester. They moved back to Stretford in 1943, after her husband's injuries during the Manchester Blitz forced her to return to work to support the family. She took a job with the Ministry of Defence as a draughtsman, drawing plans for new war planes. They remained in Stretford until the late 1970s, when they retired to Flixton, Greater Manchester.

## Years as an artist

Lennon began painting full-time after the death of her husband in 1982. She released several books, including best-selling collections entitled A Trafford Childhood (1986) and A Manchester Childhood (2001). In 2002 she was commissioned as the official artist for the Commonwealth Games and produced a special book of paintings relating to games and sports.

## Honours

In 2003 Lennon was awarded an MBE by Prince Charles for her contribution to arts and charity, which included extensive work for the St Francis House Hospice in Didsbury. She was presented with two honorary degrees in 2004, the first from Salford University on 14 July and the second from Manchester Metropolitan University on 16 July. She died in Longsight, Manchester at the Little Sisters of the Poor nursing home on 24 January 2015, aged 102.
# Greenhouse site

The Greenhouse site (16 AV 2) is an archaeological site of the Troyville-Coles Creek culture (400 to 1000 CE) in Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana.
Greenhouse is the most extensively excavated Troyville-Coles Creek site in Louisiana. The site consists of seven platform mounds surrounding a central plaza that measures 200 feet (61 m) by 350 feet (110 m). Archaeologists have not found an associated village for the site, which supports the theory that the site was ceremonial in nature and that its builders lived elsewhere. Mound A (12 feet (3.7 m) in height, with a base 120 feet (37 m) square and a summit 80 feet (24 m) square), Mound E (10 feet (3.0 m) in height, with a base 120 feet (37 m) square and a summit 80 feet (24 m) square) and Mound G are the 3 largest mounds at the site and form a triangle.
# Frances Currey

Frances Currey (1925–2012; also known as Grandma Fran and Frances Currey Brown) was an American folk art painter.

## Early life and education

Frances Currey was born in Indianapolis, Indiana in 1925. She was raised on a farm in Jennings County, Indiana.
In the mid-1960s, Currey was a school teacher, teaching third grade in Liberty, Indiana. She had earned her master's degree at Ball State University in Elementary Education. She also studied for her doctorate, studying Alzheimer's disease at Earlham College. She married and had three children.

## Mid-life and career

Currey would remarry, marrying George Brown. In the 1970s, Currey's son, James Clarkson, moved to Mississippi. Currey mailed her 2-year-old granddaughter postcards with drawings on them. Another artist recognized Currey's talent and encouraged her to start painting larger scale works and selling them. Thus, Currey and her husband opened an art studio in Berryville, Arkansas. They both sold their art in the studio.
In 1978, "Moving Day," was acquired by the Smithsonian American Art Museum. Around the same time, she submitted her work to a call for artists by Jimmy Carter. Her work was accepted and was displayed at Carter's cabin.
In 1981, Luci Baines Johnson commissioned her first painting from Currey. Johnson visited Currey's gallery while visiting the Ozark Mountains. The work, titled "T.J. Taylor -- Dealer in Everything," "depicts a normal day in the life" of T.J. Turpin, Johnson's husband's grandfather.
Currey was commissioned, in 1992, by the Shiloh Museum of Ozark History to create "Decoration Day," which depicts Memorial Day and the decorating of tombstones.

## Later life and legacy

Currey was diagnosed as suffering from Alzheimer's disease in 2006. She was placed in a nursing home in 2009, in Eureka Springs, Arkansas. She died in December 2012 and was buried in Sylvan Abbey Memorial Park in Clearwater, Florida.

## Work

Currey was a folk artist who painted depictions of her childhood in Indiana and everyday life of living on a farm and small town. She had no formal training. Her work is story based. Currey would tell stories to visitors to the studio to accompany her paintings.

## Notable collections

* "Moving Day" - 1978, watercolor and pencil on paper, Smithsonian American Art Museum
# Greenleaf Clark

Greenleaf Clark (August 23, 1835 – December 7, 1904) was an American jurist.
Born in Plaistow, New Hampshire, Clark received his bachelor's degree from Dartmouth College in 1866 and his law degree from Harvard Law School in 1857. He then moved to Saint Paul, Minnesota to practice law and was an attorney for the Great Northern Railroad. Clark served briefly on the Minnesota Supreme Court in 1881 and 1882. Clark died suddenly at his winter home in Lamanda Park, Pasadena, California.
# Francesco Bruni (politician)

Francesco Bruni (29 January 1929 – 4 June 2024) was an Italian politician who served as a Deputy. Bruni died on 4 June 2024, at the age of 95.
# Francesco Marroccu

Francesco Marroccu, born in Cagliari, is an Italian Sporting Director of Verona Fc who works as Sporting Director at Serie B side Ascoli, after previously holding the role of Sporting Director at then Serie A side Cagliari Calcio and working with their youth teams.

## Career

Marroccu started his career at Sardinia based Italian side Nuorese Calcio as Sporting Director, before on 1 July 2015 being appointed by Massimo Cellino at Cagliari Calcio as Secretary General, then being promoted to Executive General in 2009, before becoming the club's Sporting Director in 2014.
On 12 September 2015, Marroccu ended his stay at Cagliari and joined Serie B Side Ascoli as Sporting Director.
# Francesco Martelli (bishop)

Francesco Martelli (died 9 March 1578) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Reggio Emilia (1575–1578).

## Biography

On 15 April 1569, Francesco Martelli was appointed during the papacy of Pope Pius V as Bishop of Reggio Emilia. He served as Bishop of Reggio Emilia until his death on 9 March 1578.
# Francesco Martino (politician)

Francesco Martino (24 March 1937 – 3 October 2017) was an Italian politician, and the President of Sicily from 1993 to 1995.

## Biography

University professor in Messina, he was the nephew of the former foreign minister Gaetano Martino. Exponent of the Italian Liberal Party, he was elected provincial councilor in Messina.
In 1976 he was elected deputy to the Sicilian Regional Assembly on the PLI list and was re-elected for four legislatures, until 1996. He was regional assessor for the Territory from 1981 to 1982 and for Industry from 1984 to 1985 and from 1986 to 1987.
He was president of the Sicilian Region in a centrist government (48th), from 21 December 1993 to 16 May 1995, after the season of the mafia massacres, in a moment of transition of the First Republic.
Later he made an experience in the Committee of the Regions of the European Union and then retired from politics.
# Green Mansion (Newark, Delaware)

Green Mansion is a historic home and later commercial building located at Newark in New Castle County, Delaware. It was built about 1882 and is an oblong, three-story, brick building with a flat roofline. It features a green serpentine facade with a two-story bay window at each end, joined in the center by an ornate two-tiered porch featuring paneled columns. It was originally built as a two-story residence and expanded in the early 20th century when it began being used for commercial purposes.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
In 2019, the Newark City Council approved a controversial plan to build a seven-story Hyatt Place hotel on the site of the Green Mansion. The rear of the mansion was demolished, while the front is planned to be incorporated into the new hotel. The project was delayed and scaled back due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but construction began around the beginning of 2022.
# Fracking hose

Fracking hoses are used in hydraulic fracturing (fracking). Hydraulic fracturing uses between 1.2 and 3.5 million US gallons (4.5 and 13.2 Ml) of water per well, with large projects using up to 5 million US gallons (19 Ml). Additional water is used when wells are refractured; this may be done several times.

## Hose materials

The traditional solution is to use metal pipes to transfer water but these are costly to deliver and assemble. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) covered hoses and Nitrile rubber (NBR) covered hoses have a lot of advantages compared to metal pipes. It is easy to deliver, assemble and disassemble hoses and long sections of NBR- and TPU-covered hoses reduce the possibility of leakage in connecting parts. These large-diameter NBR- and TPU-covered hoses are called fracking hoses.

## Hose selection

Fracking hoses are high-pressure, high-strength lay-flat hoses designed for pumping aggressive water around mine sites. Safety and efficiency are important factors when choosing products for these applications.

## History

Fracking hoses are solutions derived from the fire hose industries. The fire hose manufacturers manufacture NBR or TPU covered hoses for fire fighting, water discharge, irrigation etc. The fracking industries borrowed the idea from the fire hose industries and use these hoses in fracking.
# Gregory Berger

Gregory Berger is an American documentarian working in Mexico. He is a professor of film at the autonomous University of Morelos and teaches the only queer cinema course offered in Mexico. He produces segments for the Venezuelan government's television propaganda network Telesur. His works often focus on the social struggle of Mexico, indigenous peoples, and the tension between Mexico and the US. Although he calls himself a revolutionary tourist, he is a permanent resident of Mexico, though originally from New York City.
His documentaries include Amor en tiempos de influenza (Love in the times of influenza) and La rebeldia bajo sitio (Rebellion under siege), as well as features for Democracy Now!.

## Themes

Berger often uses the persona "Gringoyo", a "tragicomic character to talk about social issues" that concern him, and utilizes street-theater and humor, drawing comparisons to Michael Moore. His film Love in the times of influenza focusses on the H1N1 crisis, and the role Smithfield Foods allegedly played in its outbreak. His piece Rebellion under siege focusses on Zapatista communities throughout southern Mexico.
# Francesco Matraire

Francesco Matraire was a printer in Turin, notable as the designer and producer of the earliest postage stamps of Sardinia and later Italy.
Little is known of his life; his family is believed to have been from Nice originally, and his correspondence is mostly written in French.
In 1850, when Piedmont decided to adopt the use of stamps to prepay for postal service, their first thought was to inquire in Paris about how stamps were designed and manufactured. But the report included a mention of an ongoing dispute over appropriate fees for engravers, so with only a couple months left before the stamps were to go on sale, the authorities turned to a local resource in the form of Matraire, whose prior experience was in labels for patent medicines and the general printing needs of Turin.
Matraire did not have facilities for recess printing, so his first stamps were produced by lithography, later (1855) switching to letterpress. The authorities being concerned about forgery, he proposed the embossing that was used in the stamps of 1853 and thereafter.
The last stamp produced by Matraire was the 15c blue issued in February 1863. Thereafter he mostly disappears from history, although he was known to be alive in 1884.
# Gretel

Gretel is a German shortening of the given name Margarete.
Notable people with this given name include:
* Gretel, a fictional character in the Brothers Grimm fairy tale Hansel and Gretel
* Gretel Beer (1921–2010), Austrian-born English author of cooking books and travel reports and newspaper cookery writer
* Gretel Bergmann (1914–2017), German Jewish high jumper who was prevented from competing in the 1936 Berlin Olympics
* Gretel Ehrlich (born 1946), American travel writer, poet, and essayist
* Gretel Grant-Gomez, a fictional character from the Disney Channel animated series Hamster & Gretel
* Gretel Killeen (born 1963), Australian presenter
* Gretel Oberhollenzer-Rogger (born 1958), Italian ski mountaineer
* Gretel Scarlett (born 1987), Australian actress
* Gretel Tippett (born 1993), Australian netball player and former WNBL basketball player
# Francis Davison

Francis Davison may refer to:
* Francis Davison (artist) (1919–1984), British visual artist and painter
* Francis Davison (poet) (c. 1575–1616), English lawyer, poet and anthologist
# Francis Harold

Francis Harold (died 18 March 1685), was an Irish Franciscan in the Order of Friars Minor and a historical writer.

## Life

He was for some time professor of theology in the Irish College in Prague; and afterwards went to Rome, where he spent the remaining years of his life in the Irish Franciscan College of St. Isidore, fulfilling the duties of librarian.
In 1662, while in Rome, Harold published an epitome of the "Annals" of his uncle, Friar Luke Wadding, in two folio volumes, extending from 1208 to 1540, to which he prefixed a life of Wadding, dedicating it to Cardinal Francesco Barberini. This life was again published in Rome in 1731. He also wrote Beati Thuribii Alphonsi Mogroveii archiepiscopi Limensis vita exemplaris, published in Rome in 1683. A copy of this work with the author's manuscript corrections is still preserved in the library of the Royal Irish Academy. His Lima Limata conciliis, constitutionibus synodalibus et aliis monumentis . . . notis et scholiis illustrata, published in Rome in 1673, contains a collection of documents connected with the synods and other affairs of importance to the Catholic Church in Peru.
Harold died in Rome on 18 March 1685.
# Grotella melanocrypta

Grotella melanocrypta is a moth in the genus Grotella, of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1912. This moth species is found in North America, including Puebla, Mexico, its type location.
# Franciszek Dobrowolski

Franciszek Dobrowolski (Polish pronunciation:; 1830–1896) was a Polish theatre director, editor of Dziennik Poznański (Poznań Daily) and a social and political activist who participated in the Polish National Government during the January Uprising.
Briefly interned in 1864, Dobrowolski left Poland for Germany eventually settling in Poznań where he worked as an editor for Dziennik Poznański and as director of the Polish Theatre in Poznań.
# Francis Leighton (priest)

Francis Knyvett Leighton (1806 – 13 October 1881) was an English academic and priest, who was Warden of All Souls College, Oxford, from 1858 until his death.

## Life

Leighton was educated at the University of Oxford, matriculating as a member of Trinity College on 24 June 1823 at the age of 16. He was a demy (scholar) at Magdalen College from 1823 to 1829, obtaining a second-class BA degree in 1828, and winning a prize for Latin verse in 1826. He was elected to a Fellowship at All Souls College in 1829, which he held until 1843. He was ordained as a priest in the Church of England and served as Rector of Cardeston, Shropshire, and then as vicar of St Chad's, Shrewsbury, and rector of Harpsden, Oxfordshire. He was elected Warden of All Souls in 1858, holding the position until his death on 13 October 1881; as Warden, he was also rector of Lockinge in Oxfordshire. He was Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford from 1866 to 1870 (a post in which he was "distinguished by his courtesy and hospitality", according to his obituary in The Times), and a residentiary canon of Westminster Abbey from 1868 onwards. He died in the Warden's Lodgings at the college, aged 75, after a "long and lingering illness". He was described as being "distinguished by an amiable and refined, but genial courtesy".