OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hugh Duncan Baillie

Hugh Duncan Baillie (31 May 1777 – 21 June 1866) was a British Army officer and politician who served as the Lord Lieutenant of Ross-shire from 1843 to 1866.

## Early life

He was the second son of Evan Baillie of Dochfour, a prosperous Scottish merchant based in Bristol, and his wife Mary, daughter of Peter Gurley of St Vincent. His brothers were Peter Baillie and James Evan Baillie. Hugh succeeded his father in 1835.

## Personal life

He had married twice: firstly, at the Cape of Good Hope, Elizabeth, the daughter of Rev. Henry Reynett of Goodmans Fields, London (whose grandfather was a Huguenot who had moved from France to Ireland), with whom he had a son and 3 daughters and secondly Mary, the daughter of Thomas Smith of Castleton Hall, Lancashire, with whom he had 3 sons and a daughter. He bought the Ross-shire estate of Redcastle from the Trustees of Sir William Fettes after the latter's death in 1836.

## Career

He joined the Army as an ensign in the 37th Foot in 1793. He was promoted to lieutenant in the 93rd Foot the same year, to captain in the 97th Foot and then major in the 86th Foot in 1794 and to lieutenant-colonel in 1800. He took part in the British occupation of the Dutch Cape Colony between 1796 and 1802 during the Napoleonic Wars. He went on to half pay with the Surrey Rangers from 1802 to 1825 and was finally made a colonel of the army in 1810. He retired from the army in 1825.
In 1812 he and his brother James became partners in the Bristol Old Bank. Hugh had become senior partner by his death. He entered Parliament as the MP for Rye in 1830 and was then returned for Honiton in 1835, sitting until 1847. He served as Lord lieutenant of Ross-shire from 1843 until his death. During the Parliament of 1835 he received a share of a compensation award totalling over £60,000 for the freed slaves on some 17 estates in British Guiana, Grenada, St Kitts, St Vincent and Trinidad which he either owned or in which he had an interest in.

## Death

He died in 1866. His personal estate after his death was valued at under £50,000. He is buried in a family vault on the inner ring of the Lebanon Circle at Highgate Cemetery (West). His son Duncan Baillie was also a British Army officer and rose to the rank of lieutenant-general.
# Gučevo (Rogatica)

Gučevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Гучево) is a village in the Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the 1991 census, the village is located in the municipality of Rogatica.
# Limnaecia anisodesma

Limnaecia anisodesma is a moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It is known from Australia.
# Valle de las Navas

Valle de las Navas is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 620 inhabitants.
# Return of the Big Money Sound

Return of the Big Money Sound is London grime collective Roll Deep's third album, released by Roll Deep Recordings in 2008. The singles from it are Do Me Wrong featuring Janée and Movin' In Circles featuring Kivanc. The album has sold over 6,000 copies in the UK.

## Track listing

| # | Title | Performer(s) | Featured guest(s) | Producer(s) |
| 1 | Roll Deep Is Back | Wiley, Riko & Scratchy | | Wiley |
| 2 | Do Me Wrong | Manga, J2K & Flow Dan | Janée | Target |
| 3 | Dargz Dem | Brazen, J2K & Flow Dan | | Target |
| 4 | Give Up | Wiley, J2K, Skepta & Little Dee | | Wiley |
| 5 | Movin' In Circles | Scratchy & Breeze | Kivanc | Danny Weed, Bass Played By G Vibes |
| 6 | U Know Us | Scratchy, J2K & Flow Dan | | Danny Weed |
| 7 | Drinks | J2K & Wiley | | Bless Beats |
| 8 | Club 7 | J2K, Flow Dan, Brazen & Killa P | | Wiley |
| 9 | Thunder & Lightning | Killa P, Scratchy, Brazen & J2K | | Danny Weed |
| 10 | Night Life | Flow Dan | Bless Beats | Target |
| 11 | Fat Mac 90 | Flow Dan, Breeze & Skepta | | Danny Weed |
| 12 | We Can See It (Acoustic) | Wiley, J2K & Breeze | | Danny Weed |
# Pwllheli and Llanbedrog Tramway

The Pwllheli and Llanbedrog Tramway was a 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge horse tramway on the coast of the Llŷn Peninsula in North West Wales, UK. It was originally constructed to convey building stone from Carreg-y-Defaid to Pwllheli's West End, with a second element to run between Pwllheli town centre and the West End resort on the seafront. The two were later connected, and extended to Llanbedrog in July 1897. The tramway was one of many developed by Solomon Andrews.

## History

The tramway was constructed shortly after Solomon Andrews purchased his land holdings in Pwllheli in 1893. It comprised a 2.5-mile stretch from the Carreg-y-defaid Quarry, southwest of Pwllheli, to West End, for the purposes of carrying stone for the construction of the seawall and The Parade. Construction began in May 1894, and the tramway opened to the quarry in the summer of 1894.
The tramway timetable of 1 August 1896 shows the service from West End starting at 9:00 am, running at 40-minute intervals until 8:20 pm. The fare was 2d (equivalent to £1.22 in 2023) and toast-rack and covered single-deck cars were in service. A horse bus provided a connection between West End and the town.
In the 12 months ending June 1895, 1332 wagon loads of stone were transported from the quarry. Unfortunately a storm in 1896 destroyed much of the line which had been laid along the beach. It was reconstructed further inland and opened shortly afterwards.
In September 1896, Andrews purchased an estate at Llanbedrog, including the large house of Glyn-y-weddw. The tramway was extended to Llanbedrog from July 1897. Glyn-y-weddw was opened as an art gallery and this attracted holiday makers from the West End resort to use the tramway.
By 1909 the service had been reduced considerably, with further reductions in 1911. During the National Eisteddfod held in Pwllheli in 1925, the tramway was packed to capacity.
On 28 October 1927 a storm over the north Wales area drove the sea inland over half a mile along the Embankment Road, and a long section of the tramway between Carreg-y-Defaid and Tyddyn-Caled was swept away. The Andrews' Estate announced that the main section of the tramway would not reopen, although the Cardiff Road section within Pwllheli (between the West End and Ala Road) did run in summer 1928 . The tramway was offered to the local Corporation, but they declined the offer; as funds were not forthcoming for its reconstruction, it never reopened.
Although Kidner gave the gauge as 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) all other sources agree that it was 3 ft (914 mm). One car is preserved on a piece of track at Plas Glyn-y-weddw, Llanbedrog, although its gauge is 2 ft 7 in (787 mm).
# Metamesia retrocitra

Metamesia retrocitra is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found on Madagascar.
# Octophone

The octophone (or octofone) is a stringed musical instrument related to the mandola family resembling an octave mandolin. It was marketed by Regal Musical Instrument Company, who introduced it 21 January 1928, as an "eight-purpose instrument".
The name "Octophone" came from the idea that the instrument could take on the "tone combinations" of eight instruments, the tenor guitar, tenor banjo, ukulele, taro patch, tiple, mandolin, mandola and mandocello. Changing from one instrument to another was a matter of changing the tuning. The instrument came with an instruction book that told owners "how to use, how to tune and how to play" the instrument

## Construction

The instrument measures 33.5 inches long, 10 5/8 inches wide at lower end, 3 1/8 deep at the end block. It has a scale of 21 3/8 inches.
Owners of octophones have said that the instrument is made with birch neck, neck block, sides and back and a top made of spruce. The neck is attached to the body with a 3/4 inch wooden dowel stuck into a hole in the neck block, rather than a strong joint such as the dovetail used on some guitars and mandolins. The instruments were lightly built and fragile, or have grown fragile with age.

## Tuning

The tuning is done with the machine heads located on the headstock, much like other stringed instruments, and the strings are arranged in courses. All pitches shown here are estimates; the book the company provided (to show customers how to tune their instrument) is rare. Tunings are based on the instruments advertised. These tunings using the stringed instrument tunings notation include:
* C3 C3•G3 G3•D4 D4•A4 A4 tuned in fifths as tenor guitar, mandola, tenor banjo
* D2 D2•G2 G2•B2 B2•E3 E3 tuned a fourth, a third, a fourth as a tiple
* C2 C2•E2 E2•A2 A2•D3 D3 tuned a fourth, a third, a fourth as a tiple
* G2 G2•D3 D3•A3 A3•E4 E4 tuned in fifths as octave mandolin
* C2 C2•G2 G2•D3 D3•A3 A3 tuned in fifths as mandocello
* D2 D2•G2 G2•B2 B2•E3 E3 tuned a fourth, a third, a fourth (as a guitar's 4 highest pitched strings, down 1 octave)
Although it can be tuned to the same notes as a mandolin G D A E, it will be in tune an octave lower, like an octave mandolin.

## Use in recorded music

* Nathan "Prince" Nazaroff album, recorded in 1945 Jewish Freilach Songs, he sings "with octofone and accordion."
* Chris Cagle album, Cris Cagle, Jonathan Yudkin is listed with the mandolin, mandocello, fiddle, cello, and octophone.
* Joey Bochenek album "Musical Wizard", the artist Joey plays nine instruments including the octophone.
* Gurf Morlix plays an octophone on the title song of the Mary Gauthier album "Mercy Now", although the liner notes spell the instrument as octofone.

## Perfume organ

An unrelated instrument, also called "octophone" was an instrument invented by a French chemist, in which the keys of a keyboard activated one of 46 perfume fragrances.
# Lost ball

The Laws of cricket determine how a lost ball is dealt with.

## Lost ball per 2017 Law changes

The 2017 Code of the Laws of cricket state that if the ball can not be found or recovered, the umpire will call and signal Dead ball (Law 20.4.2.10). The ball then ceases to be in play. Any penalties and runs completed plus the run in progress if the batsmen had crossed before the call of Dead ball will be added to the score (Law 18.9). If the batsmen had not crossed they would be returned to the ends that they occupied prior to the incomplete run. For instance if batsman A at the north end crosses batsman B before the call that run will count. If batsman A had not crossed batsman B he would be returned to the north end and that run would not count.
The wear on a ball determines how it behaves in the air and when it pitches. As a result of this, when Dead ball is called, Law 4.5 requires the umpires to replace the ball with one in a similar condition.

## Lost ball prior to 2017 Law changes

Before the Laws of cricket were rewritten and reordered in 2017, a different procedure applied which was governed by the old Law 20. Any fielder would be able to call "lost ball" upon which the ball would automatically become dead. The batting team would keeps any penalty that would have been declared if the delivery was not fair (see no-ball and wide) plus the greater of 6 runs, or runs completed plus the run in progress if the batsmen had crossed before the call of 'lost ball' was made.
# Limnaecia arsitricha

Limnaecia arsitricha is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae, which lives in Samoa.
# Vaqueros F.C.

Vaqueros Fútbol Club is a football club that plays in the Tercera División de México. The club is based in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. In Guadalajara, Jalisco.
# Lorenzo Díaz de Encinas

Lorenzo Díaz de Encinas, O. Carm. (1599–1660) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Ugento (1659–1660).

## Biography

Lorenzo Díaz de Encinas was born in Toledo, Spain in 1599 and ordained a priest in the Order of the Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel. On 18 November 1657, he was selected as Bishop of Ugento and confirmed by Pope Alexander VII on 28 July 1659. On 17 August 1659, he was consecrated bishop by Marcantonio Franciotti, Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria della Pace, with Stefano Quaranta, Archbishop of Amalfi, and Francisco Suárez de Villegas, Titular Bishop of Memphis, serving as co-consecrators. He served as Bishop of Ugento until his death on 23 November 1660.
# Infratentorial region

In anatomy, the infratentorial region of the brain is the area located below the tentorium cerebelli. The area of the brain above the tentorium cerebelli is the supratentorial region. The infratentorial region contains the cerebellum, while the supratentorial region contains the cerebrum. The infratentorial dura is innervated by nerves from C1-C3.
* This neuroanatomy article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Edgar Pettman

Edgar Pettman (1866–1943) was an English organist, choral conductor and music editor. Born in Dunkirk, Kent, in 1881 he entered the Royal Academy of Music where he studied under George Alexander Macfarren. He was organist at a number of London churches, including St Mary's, Kilburn and St James's Church, Piccadilly until his retirement in 1924. Although the composer of a number of anthems and other church music, he is best known for his 1892 book Modern Christmas Carols. Pettman harmonized the now popular carols I Saw a Maiden and Gabriel's Message, both based on Basque carol melodies, publishing the latter in a pamphlet, The University Carol book, in 1922 with an English rendering by Sabine Baring-Gould. He was also an early editor of the works of Thomas Tallis, publishing an edition in 1900.
# Pygmy shark

The pygmy shark (Euprotomicrus bispinatus), the second-smallest of all the shark species after the dwarf lanternshark, is a squaliform shark of the family Dalatiidae, the only member of the genus Euprotomicrus. Their lengths are up to about 25 cm (10 in) for females and about 22 cm (8.7 in) for males.
Pygmy sharks are ovoviviparous and produce about eight young in each litter.

## Conservation status

In June 2018 the New Zealand Department of Conservation classified the pygmy shark as "Not Threatened" with the qualifier "Secure Overseas" under the New Zealand Threat Classification System.
# Metamesia nolens

Metamesia nolens is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found on Madagascar.
# Warren Township, Indiana

Warren Township, Indiana may refer to one of the following places:
* Warren Township, Clinton County, Indiana
* Warren Township, Huntington County, Indiana
* Warren Township, Marion County, Indiana
* Warren Township, Putnam County, Indiana
* Warren Township, St. Joseph County, Indiana
* Warren Township, Warren County, Indiana
# Louis Massebieau

Jean Adolphe Massebieau (12 June 1840 – 22 September 1904), known as Louis, was a French Protestant historian and theologian.
In 1877 he became maître de conférences at the Faculté de théologie protestante de Paris. In 1880 he was named maître de conférences at the École pratique des hautes études (section of religious sciences). His daughter, Louise Compain, was a feminist author and co-founder of the feminist movement in France in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

## Principal works

* 1888: Le Traité de la vie contemplative et la question des thérapeutes – Treatise on the contemplative life and the question of therapists.
* 1895: L'Épître de Jacques est-elle l'œuvre d'un chrétien ? – The Epistle of James, is it the work of a Christian?.
* 1878: Les Colloques scolaires du seizième siècle et leurs auteurs : 1480–1570 (reprint 1973) – School conferences of the sixteenth century and their authors (1480–1570).
* 1906: Essai sur la chronologie de la vie et des œuvres de Philon (with Émile Bréhier) – Essay on the chronology of the life and works of Philo.
# Liling East railway station

Liling East railway station is a railway station of Hangchangkun Passenger Railway located in Hunan, People's Republic of China.
# Varela (Buenos Aires Underground)

Varela is a station on Line E of the Buenos Aires Underground. The station was opened on 27 November 1985 as the western terminus of the one-line extension from Medalla Milagrosa. On 8 May 1986, the line was extended to Plaza de los Virreyes.
# Lotus compactus

Lotus compactus is a plant in the genus Lotus endemic to Pakistan.

## Conservation status

This species classified as threatened by Kew.
# Harold Varner (architect)

Harold Richard Varner, FAIA, (1935–2013) was an American architect, active in Detroit. Varner was a leader within the Black architectural firm Sims–Varner (now known as SDG Associates).

## Early life and education

Harold Richard Varner was born on August 22, 1935 in Detroit, Michigan. He graduated from Cass Technical High School in Detroit. Varner attended Lawrence Institute of Technology (now Lawrence Technological University) and graduated with a B.S. degree in architectural engineering (1965).
He was married to Nancy Elizabeth Hunter, and they had two daughters.

## Career

In 1967, Varner became a licensed architect in the state of Michigan.
He joined the architectural firm Howard Sims & Associates in 1973; the firm was founded in 1964 by Black architect Howard Sims in Detroit. By 1976, the firm name was changed to Sims–Varner to reflect a new Varner partnership, and Varner was named as the executive vice president. He designed (with Sims–Varner) many notable buildings and structures including the Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History (1985); University of Michigan School of Social Work (1997); and the Millender Center station (1987), a Detroit People Mover station and sky bridge.
Varner was part of the AIA National Housing Committee, from 1970 until 1973. In the 1970s, Varner was interested in modifying the government run apartment subsidy plans (like HUD's section 236). Varner served on the Michigan State Licensing Board for Architects, from 1978 until 1991. When he stepped down from the state licensing board role, he warned of potential issues with unlicensed builders in Michigan.
He was honored as a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects in 1981. He served as an honorary Consul General to the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa.
Varner died after a long illness on December 14, 2013 at Harper University Hospital in Detroit.

## Awards and honors

Varner won the following awards
* Lambda lota Tau Award, Academic Excellence, 1963
* Alumni Achievement Award, Lawrence Technological University, 1971
* Black Alumni Excellence Award, Lawrence Technological University, 1980
# Pygmy scaly-tailed flying squirrel

The pygmy scaly-tailed flying squirrel (Idiurus zenkeri) is a species of rodent in the family Anomaluridae. It is found in Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Uganda. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

## Diseases

The metanalysis of Peterson et al., 2004 shows Idiurus zenkeri is a probable source of some zoonotic outbreaks.
# Metamesia metacroca

Metamesia metacroca is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found on Madagascar.
# Odetta (disambiguation)

Odetta Holmes (1930–2008) was an American singer, actress, guitarist, songwriter, and human rights activist.
Odetta may also refer to:
* Three albums by the singer:
** Odetta (1963 album), a compilation album
** Odetta (1967 album), a studio album
** Odetta (Silverwolf album) or To Ella, a 1998 live album
* Odetta (gastropod), a genus of sea snails
* Susannah Dean (also referred to as Odetta Holmes and Detta Walker), a fictional character from Stephen King's The Dark Tower series
# Ground start

In telephony, ground start is a method of signaling from a terminal of a subscriber local loop to a telephone exchange, where one side of a cable pair is temporarily grounded to request dial tone. Most middle 20th-century American payphones used coin-first ground start lines, with the starting ground connection provided by the coin itself, bridging a set of contacts as it passed through the coin chute.

## Ground start trunk

Telephone companies typically provide two types of dial-tone switched circuits – ground start and loop start. Private branch exchanges (PBX) work best on ground start trunks because those trunks can give them an on-hook signal allowing for timely clearing.
Normal single-line telephones and key systems typically work on loop-start lines. On loop-start lines the PBX and central office may inadvertently seize the line simultaneously, a condition called glare, resulting in call collision since neither gets the expected response and no call can be initiated.
In an idle circuit, the central office supplies –48V (nominally) on the ring conductor with respect to the tip side. A ground-start PBX initiates an outgoing trunk seizure on an idle circuit by connecting of the ring lead to ground (maximum local resistance of 550 ohms). The central office senses this condition and grounds the tip lead. When the PBX senses this, it goes off-hook, then removes the ground on ring. The central office sends dial tone and the rest of the call proceeds normally.
In ground-start signaling, the central office initiates a call by grounding tip and putting the ringing signal on the line. To avoid glare, before the PBX originates an outgoing call, it must first verify that the CO has not already applied ground to tip. The PBX has 100ms to sense this condition.
At the end of either an incoming or outgoing call, the PBX initiates disconnect by going on-hook, or the central office initiates disconnect by opening tip. When the other end detects the loss of loop current, it also goes on-hook and the call clears normally.
A PBX user must be careful to order the correct type of trunk line from the local phone company and correctly install the telephone system at the PBX end – so that they match. Line equipment in most 20th-century central-office switches had to be specially rewired to create a ground-start line. Crossbar switches did it with a paper sleeve on the vertical off-normal contact, 5ESS switches by translation, and DMS-100s by a slide switch on the line card, all according to what the customer ordered.
# Gustaf Fjæstad

Gustaf Fjaestad (22 December 1868 – 17 July 1948) was a Swedish painter.

## Biography

Gustaf Adolf Christensen Fjæstad was born in Jakobs parish in the Diocese of Stockholm, Sweden. He was the son of Peder Christensen Fjæstad and Kristina Andersson. He studied at the Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts in 1891–1892 and then during 1893 at the Academy of the Arts (Konstnärsförbundets skola) operated by Richard Bergh in Stockholm.
Fjæstad belonged to the Artists' Association (Konstnärsförbundet). He assisted Bruno Liljefors during his decorative work for the Biological museum in Stockholm and collaborated with Carl Larsson on the murals now at the Stockholm National Museum. In 1897, he moved to Taserud near Arvika in Värmland. He held his first solo exhibition in Stockholm in 1908. In 1910 he again exhibited in Stockholm, in 1914 at Berlin and in 1927 at London. In 1932, a large exhibition of his works from later periods was shown at Värmlands Museum. After the first decade of the 20th century, he devoted himself principally to woodcraft. His work is found in many national and international collections. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

## Personal life

Apart from painting, Fjæstad was also an accomplished cyclist. He won the inaugural Mälaren Runt around Lake Mälaren in 1892.
In 1898, he was married to artist Maja Fjæstad (1873–1961). They were the parents of four children including author Agneta Fjaestad (1901–1997). Both he and his wife were members of the Rackstad colony of artists at Arvika in Värmland, Sweden. He was buried at Arvika Cemetery.

## Gallery

* Frosty Morning (1919)
* Cold winter evening (1897)
* Snow Covered Road with Fence (1930)