OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alessandro Papetti

Alessandro Papetti (born 1958 in Milan) is an Italian painter.

## Career and works

Since being featured in the 2003 Venice Biennale, Papetti emerged as one of the most important Italian painters today. Since 1995 he has been dividing his time between Milan and Paris.
Papetti is a self-taught artist. His most noticeable influences include Francis Bacon and Alberto Giacometti, and his most recognizable body of work is focused on industrial archaeology, portraits and studies of nudes, frequently painted from a high-angle perspective.
He has been exhibiting since 1980. Recent museum exhibitions include the Galleria Comunale d’Arte in Cesena, Italy, and the Musei Civici di Villa Manzoni in Lecco, Italy. An exhibition of Papetti's work entitled “Moscow. Factories of Utopia” was held in Shchusev State Museum of Architecture in Moscow in 2012. The exhibition was inspired by images of the Soviet industrial era.
In 2014 Papetti participated in the exhibition Doppio sogno, curated by Luca Beatrice and Arnaldo Colasanti, held in Palazzo Chiablese in Turin. The same year he also opened a show at the Palazzo della Penna of Perugia, entitled La pelle attraveso and curated by Luca Beatrice.

## Commentary

In 1995 Papetti met the writer and biographer James Lord who wrote a significant critical essay on his work. James Lord wrote the following about Papetti: “The first, and perhaps the most illuminating thing to be said about the art of Alessandro Papetti is that it is profoundly Italian. No artist of course ever successfully conceals his national, traditional and psychological origins, though some are more prone to do so than others. One thinks of Van Gogh. But not Papetti. It is not his subject matter that evokes the homeland. In this he is truly international, and entirely his own era despite seeming reminiscences of styles of the past. These are resemblances only. What is Italian about Papetti is his masterly self-effacement in confrontation with the subject matter. As a person he never gets in the way of what the artist is doing. The art is there, and he is the innocent perpetrator of what his hand instructs him to do, he sees, to be sure, what he is doing, but when he is working none of what he sees is visible to the spectator. We see the art. He sees the creation. In this symbiosis dwells the joy – that is, the truth – of aesthetic gratification."
# Alex Blanc

Alex Blanc was the stage name for Alex de Rafols while a member of The Nobodys, an American musical group based in Los Angeles in the 1980s. Having created the group with his brother, singer/songwriter Safeway Goya, the group independently wrote, produced and released a single, "Sex is a Bottomless Pit" on their self-founded label Whatever Records, and were subsequently signed to Capitol Records and EMI International, leading to a worldwide release of the album No Guarantees on August 8, 1984.
The first single release, "No Guarantees", was accompanied by a video, shot in Amsterdam, Berlin, and Los Angeles. It was used in Michael Apted's 1984 movie Firstborn, starring Peter Weller and Teri Garr, and in episode 27, "Buddies", of the television series Miami Vice.
# Alex Trlica

Alex Trlica (born August 11, 1984) is a former American football placekicker for the Texas Tech Red Raiders football team.
As of January 9, 2007, Trlica held the NCAA record for successful point after tries. During his college career, he made 233 consecutive PATs without a miss. This, along with his field goals, put him among the nation's top all-time leading scorers for kickers and number two on Tech's all-time scoring list.

## Bowl wins

A Trlica 52-yard field goal tied the 2006 Insight Bowl sending it into overtime and resulting in an eventual record-setting victory for the Red Raiders. The following season, it was Trlica's 41-yard field goal that capped-off a come-from-behind win in the 2008 Gator Bowl.
# Aleksandr Sharapov

Aleksandr Sharapov (born 31 May 1971) is a Belarusian cyclist. He competed in the men's individual road race at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Alexander Chumakov

Alexander or Aleksandr Chumakov may refer to:
* Aleksandr Chumakov (footballer) (1948–2012), Soviet footballer
* Alexander N. Chumakov (born 1950), Russian philosopher, theoretician of science and scientific community organizer
* Aleksandr Chumakov (sailor) (1927–2019), Russian sailor
* Aleksandr Petrovich Chumakov (born 1941), Belarusian Army general and former Minister of Defence of Belarus
# Alepidocline

Alepidocline is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae described as a genus in 1934.
Alepidocline is native to southern Mexico, Guatemala, and western Venezuela.

## Species

* Alepidocline annua S.F. Blake - Chiapas, Guatemala, Táchira
* Alepidocline breedlovei (B.L.Turner) B.L. Turner - Chiapas
* Alepidocline macdonaldana B.L.Turner - Oaxaca
* Alepidocline macrocephala (H. Rob.) B.L. Turner - Mérida
* Alepidocline pochutlana B.L. Turner - Oaxaca
* Alepidocline trifida (J.J. Fay) B.L. Turner - Oaxaca
# Alexander Palmer

Alexander Palmer may refer to:
* A. Mitchell Palmer (1872–1936), Attorney General of the United States
* Alexander Palmer (Australian politician) (1825–1901), banker and member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly (Australia)
# Alexander Panagopoulos

Alexander Panagopoulos is a Greek environmentalist and shipping entrepreneur. He is the chairman and chief executive officer of Arista Maritime Inc. He was previously elected as chairman of High Level Ferry Group of ECSA.
He is founder of Forward Ships, an environmental initiative to convert the maritime industry from bunker fuel to liquified natural gas.
In 2018, Panagopoulos received the "Most Sustainable Project" award for Forward Ships in Copenhagen at Maritime2020, and the GREEN4SEA Clean Shipping Award in Athens.
In 1993 he co-founded Superfast Ferries in Greece, along with his father Pericles Panagopoulos, and was the secretary-general of Greek Passenger Shipowners Association from 1997 to 2003.
Panagopoulos was president of Interferry, the worldwide association of ferry ship operators. During his tenure as president, Interferry, was recognized with advisor status to the International Maritime Organization.
# Alexandra Croitoru

Alexandra Croitoru (born 1975) is a Romanian photographer who is seeking to challenge accepted ideas of power sharing and gender in Romania through photography.

## Biography

Born in Bucharest, Croitoru studied from 1993 to 1998 in the Graphic Department at the National Academy of Arts. Since 1999, she has taught at the university's Photo-Video Department. In 2012, she participated in the artists' residency program at the 18th Street Arts Center in Los Angeles. In 2014, Croitoru got her PhD degree from National Academy of Arts in Bucharest. Her thesis focused on the "nationalization" of Brâncuși in Romania and was the base for her book published in 2015 in Romanian and translated in English in 2017, Brâncuși. O Viață Veșnică (Brâncuși. An Afterlife).

## Photography

Croitoru's work explores Romania's social and gender structures and examines the relationship between fact and fiction in documenting history. She is currently extending her work to cover transnational environments. Her approach began during her studies in the 1990s when she started to challenge power structures and gender as (in her own words) "the Academy was at the time an extremely patriarchal environment."

## Recent exhibitions

In addition to many group exhibitions, Croitoru has presented her work at a number of solo exhibitions:
* 2005: Documenting their Dream, Galeria Noua, Bucharest,
* 2006 : Another Black Site (cu Ștefan Tiron), Galeria Plan B, Cluj
* 2007: O lucrare despre muncă și un duel cu moartea, Centrul viitor de artă contemporană, Prague
* 2007: O expoziție de fotografie, Galeria Andreiana Mihail, Bucharest
* 2007: No Photo, Siemens_artLab, Vienna
* 2009: A Fresco for Romania (cu Stefan Tiron), Plan B, Berlin
* 2009: „RE-", Galleri Tom Christoffersen, Copenhagen
* 2012: The Cabbage Process, Galeria Plan B, Cluj
* 2015: The Sons and Daughters of Brancusi. A Family Saga (Act I), Timisoara Art Encounters, Galeria Helios, Timișoara; (Act II), Galeria Plan B, Cluj
* 2019: The Photographic Archive and history with a small h, Salonul de proiecte, Bucharest

## Published books

* 2017 Brancusi: An Afterlife, ACBooks, ISBN 978-3943620405
# Alexander Dempsey

Sir Alexander Dempsey, M.D. FRSM, JP (born 1852, Ballymoney, County Antrim — died 1920) was an Irish physician, hospital administrator and magistrate.
Educated at St Malachy's College, the Catholic University Medical School, Dublin and Queen's College, Galway, he earned the degree of Doctor of Medicine of the Royal University and the Diploma of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in 1874.
In 1874 he set up his own medical practice on Donegall Street, Belfast. He was a founder member, secretary and later president of the North of Ireland Branch of the British Medical Association. He was president of the Ulster Medical Association from 1880 to 1891. In 1880 he was named as a magistrate for the City of Belfast.

## Awards/affiliations

In 1911, he was knighted. He became a Justice of the peace and was a fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine (London) and the Royal Academy of Medicine (Ireland).
# Alfonso Unda

Alfonso Unda was a Mexican tennis player.
A five-time gold medalist for Mexico at the Central American and Caribbean Games, Unda's tally includes a singles gold at the 1926 Mexico City games, beating Mariano Lozano in the final.
Unda competed for the Mexico Davis Cup team from 1926 to 1937, for a total of 11 ties. He won two rubbers during his career, both in doubles against Cuba. Many of his ties were against the United States and it was rare in this era for Mexico to even win a set against the Americans, which Unda managed to do in two 1928 rubbers, against Bill Tilden/Arthur Jones in doubles and Wilmer Allison in singles.
# Lionel Robert Ashburner

Lionel Robert Ashburner CSI (1827 in Tasmania – 26 January 1907 in Marylebone, London) was the Acting governor of Bombay during the British Raj from 13 March 1880 to 28 April 1880.

## Biography

Lionel, son of William Page Ashburner and his wife Hester Maria, was a civil servant in India, where he became a director of the Great Indian Peninsular Railway. In the 1871 Birthday Honours, he was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Star of India.
On 14 July 1873 he married Emily Caroline Haggard at Kirkee, Bombay.
# Alfred Krammer

Alfred Krammer was an Austrian sprint canoer who competed in the early 1950s. He won a bronze medal in the K-4 10000 m event at the 1950 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Copenhagen.
# Alexander Stuart (writer)

Alexander Stuart is a British-born, Los Angeles–based novelist and screenwriter. Stuart's books include The War Zone, Tribes, Life On Mars (which inspired the British television documentary, The End of America), Five And A Half Times Three (written with Ann Totterdell, about the death from cancer of their five-and-a-half-year-old son, Joe Buffalo Stuart), and the children's books, Joe, Jo-Jo And The Monkey Masks and Henry And The Sea (written with Joe Buffalo Stuart). Stuart's books have been translated into eight languages and published in the United States, Britain, Europe, and Israel.
His most controversial novel, The War Zone, about a family torn apart by sexual abuse, was turned into a film by Oscar-nominated actor/director Tim Roth in 1999. At the time of the book's initial publication in 1989, it was stripped of the Whitbread Best Novel Award amid controversy over its depiction of incest, with one judge describing it as "repellent" and threatening to resign from the panel if Stuart received the award.
A major influence on Stuart's life and work, particularly The War Zone, was the loss of his first son in 1989.
In addition to scripting Roth's film of The War Zone, Stuart also served as executive producer of Nicolas Roeg's Insignificance, based on Terry Johnson's play, which brought together a fictionalized Marilyn Monroe, Albert Einstein, Joe DiMaggio and Senator Joe McCarthy, on a single night in New York.
Before moving to the United States, Stuart lived in London and Brighton, England. During the 1990s, he moved to Miami Beach, where he taught screenwriting at the University of Miami. In 1997, he was commissioned by the Miami Art Museum to create an artwork, Filmloop/Fragments, to accompany a sculpture installation by the Polish artist, Magdalena Abakanowicz. He currently lives in Los Angeles, with his wife and their two children. On September 22, 2006, Stuart was sworn in as an American citizen.
# Lisinska planina

Lisinska planina (Serbian Cyrillic: Лисинска планина) is a mountain in southern Serbia, near the town of Bosilegrad. Its highest peak Valozi has an elevation of 1829 meters above sea level.
# Alfredo Domínguez Batista

Alfredo Domínguez Batista (born November 15, 1961) is a Cuban dissident. Amnesty International has declared him as a prisoner of conscience.
He is a member of the Christian Liberation Movement and was involved in the Varela project. He was arrested during the Black Spring in 2003 and sentenced to 14 years in jail.
# Algerian franc

The franc was the currency of Algeria between 1848 and 1964. It was subdivided into 100 centimes.

## History

The franc replaced the budju when France occupied the country. It was equivalent to the French franc and was revalued in 1960 at a rate of 100 old francs = 1 new franc to maintain the equivalence. Thus, 1 old franc = 1 new centime, and prices popularly quoted in centimes are equivalent to old francs. The new franc was replaced at par by the dinar in 1964 following Algerian independence in 1962.

## Coins

Except for 20, 50 and 100 franc coins issued between 1949 and 1956, Algeria used the same coins as metropolitan France.

## Banknotes

The Banque de l'Algérie introduced its first notes in 1861. Denominations of 5, 10, 50, 100, 500 and 1,000 francs were introduced by 1873 although the 10-franc note was issued only in 1871. In 1944, notes were issued in the name of the Région économique d'Algérie in denominations of 50 centimes and 1 and 2 francs. The Bank of Algeria introduced notes worth 10,000 francs and 5,000 francs in 1945 and 1946, respectively.
In 1949, the Banque de l'Algérie et de la Tunisie commenced banknote issue, with denominations of 500, 1,000, 5,000 and 10,000 francs. The notes were overprinted with denominations of 5, 10, 50 and 100 new francs in 1960. The Bank of Algeria resumed note production with the introduction of the new franc and produced a final series of notes for 5, 10, 50 and 100 new francs until 1961.
# Liotta

Liotta is an Italian surname that is most prevalent in the region of Sicily. It is also found among the American, Argentine, and French Italian diaspora.
Notable people with the surname include:
* Dennis C. Liotta, American chemist
* Domingo Liotta (1924–2022), Argentine surgeon
* Jay Alan Liotta, United States Department of Defense official
* Jeanne Liotta (born 1960), American visual artist
* Lance Liotta (born 1947), American biologist
* Ray Liotta (1954–2022), American actor, voice actor, and film producer
* Shawn Liotta (born 1980), American indoor football coach
* Silvio Liotta (1935–2018), Italian politician
# Liotyphlops anops

Liotyphlops anops is a species of snake in the family Anomalepididae. It is endemic to Colombia.
# Liotyphlops albirostris

Liotyphlops albirostris (common name Whitenose blind snake) is a species of snake in the family Anomalepididae. It is endemic to Central America. The snake has been reported from Colombia, Curaçao, Panama and Venezuela.
# Alima Ouattara

Sinali Alima Outtara (born 1 February 1988) is an Ivorian pole vaulter, who is the national record holder in indoor and outdoor pole vault events. She won a bronze medal at the 2010 African Championships in Athletics, a silver medal at the 2011 All-Africa Games, and a bronze medal at the 2015 African Games.

## Personal life

As of 2011, Ouattara lived in Paris, France.

## Career

In 2008, Ouattra came joint sixth in the junior pole vault event at the French national championships. In 2010, she came third in the pole vault event at the 2010 African Championships in Athletics, after clearing a height of 3.40 metres. She came second in the pole vault event at the 2011 All-Africa Games. Ouattra cleared a height of 3.20 metres, and was one of only two people with a successful attempt in the event. She was the country's first medallist at the Games. In the same year, Ouattara set an Ivorian national record for indoor pole vault, by clearing a height of 3.65 metres at an event in Aulnay-sous-Bois, France.
In 2014, Ouattra set an outdoor national record of 3.80 metres at an event in Aulnay-sous-Bois, France. She came third at the 2015 African Games, clearing a height of 3.40 metres. In 2016, Ouattra came fourth in the pole vault event at the 2016 African Championships in Athletics. Ouattra competed at the 2017 Jeux de la Francophonie; she was one of eight Ivorian women at the Games.
# Alisea Airlines

Alisea Airlines was a charter airline based in Italy, which was established in 1999 as Italfly. Flight operations only took place during a brief period between 2002 and 2003.

## Fleet

Over the years, Alisea Airlines operated the following aircraft types:
# Alexandrina Dawson-Damer, Countess of Portarlington

Alexandrina Octavia Maria Dawson-Damer, Countess of Portarlington (née Lady Alexandrina Octavia Maria Vane; 29 July 1823 – 15 January 1874) was an Irish aristocrat who was the wife of Henry Dawson-Damer, 3rd Earl of Portarlington and the daughter of Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry.

## Early life

Lady Alexandrina, who went by "Aline", was born on 29 July 1823 and was a godchild of Alexander I of Russia. She was the second daughter of Anglo-Irish nobleman Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry, and, his second wife, Frances Anne Emily Vane-Tempest. Among her siblings were George Vane-Tempest, 5th Marquess of Londonderry, Lady Frances Anne Emily Vane (wife of John Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough, grandparents of Winston Churchill), and the politician Lord Adolphus Vane-Tempest.
Her paternal grandparents were Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry and the former Lady Frances Pratt (a daughter of Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden). Her mother was the only daughter and heiress of Sir Henry Vane-Tempest, 2nd Baronet, and Anne MacDonnell, suo jure 2nd Countess of Antrim.

## Personal life

On 2 September 1847, Lady Alexandrina was married to Henry Dawson-Damer, 3rd Earl of Portarlington (1822–1889), the son of Capt. Hon. Henry Dawson-Damer, of Milton Abbey, and the former Eliza Moriarty (a daughter of Capt. Edmund Joshua Moriarty and granddaughter of Simon Luttrell, 1st Earl of Carhampton). Lord Portarlington succeeded his unmarried uncle as the 3rd Earl of Portarlington in 1845, therefore, upon their marriage, she became known as the Countess of Portarlington. Lord Portarlington was a Representative peer for Ireland between 1855 and his death in 1889. They did not have any children.
Lady Portarlington converted to Catholicism in 1867 and died on 15 January 1874 at Emo Park, where she was also buried.
# Liphistius batuensis

Liphistius batuensis is a species of trapdoor spider from Malaysia. It is thought to be restricted to the Batu Caves and a cave in Templer Park, near Kuala Lumpur. It was first collected by H. C. Abraham in 1923, and has been described as a living fossil.
Adults build a nest about 40–50 mm (1.6–2.0 in) long with an opening some 22 mm (0.9 in) wide, from which six to 10 strands of silk radiate out 12.5–15 cm (5–6 in) in a semicircle. The movement of an insect against these threads is detected by the spider, which then rushes out and captures the insect. Spiderlings build smaller nests, only 10 mm (0.39 in) across, and seem to abandon these during development to build a bigger nest; intermediate sizes of nests are not seen.
Spiders of all ages may fall prey to cave-dwelling centipedes.
# Liphyra grandis

Liphyra grandis is a butterfly found in Papua New Guinea.
This species has a body length of 28 mm with a diameter of 7 mm. The length of the forewings is 45 mm. The body is dark brown, underside of same is brownish grey. The antennae have a length of 16 mm. The main coloration of the forewings is dark brown with a large reddish-yellow transversal line.
# List of Byzantine treaties

This is a list of the treaties and agreements signed during the history of the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire. The definition of a treaty is any agreement between the Byzantine Empire and any foreign power, including peace agreements, trade agreements, and understandings between the two powers. For external conflicts see Byzantine wars.

## Valentinian–Theodosian dynasty (364–457)

* Peace of Acilisene (c.387) – Peace treaty between Sassanid Empire and Eastern Roman Empire, dividing Greater Armenia in half.

## Justinian dynasty (518–602)

* Eternal Peace (532), between the Byzantines and Sassanid Persia
* Fifty-Year Peace Treaty (562) – between Byzantines and Sassanid Persia

## Non-dynastic (711–717)

* Byzantine–Bulgarian Treaty of 716 – Officially ends the Battle of Anchialus and establishes the borders between Byzantium and the Bulgarian Empire.

## Nikephoros' dynasty (802–813)

* Pax Nicephori (803) peace treaty between Charlemagne and Nicephorus I

## Non-dynastic (813–820)

* Byzantine–Bulgarian Treaty of 815 with the Bulgarian Empire.

## Macedonian dynasty (867–1056)

* Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (907)
* Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (911)
* Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (945)
* Treaty of Safar (970)
* Byzantine–Georgian treaty of 1022
* Byzantine–Georgian treaty of 1031

## Komnenid dynasty (1081–1185)

* Byzantine–Venetian Treaty of 1082
* Treaty of Devol (1108) with Bohemond I of Antioch

## Laskarid dynasty (Empire of Nicaea, 1204–1261)

* Treaty of Nymphaeum (1214)
* Nicaean–Venetian Treaty of 1219
* Nicaean–Latin Armistice of 1260
* Treaty of Nymphaeum (1261)

## Palaiologan dynasty (1261–1453)

* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1268
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277
* Byzantine–Trapezuntine treaty of 1282
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1285
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1302
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1310
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1324
* Treaty of Chernomen (1327)
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1332
* Byzantine–Aydinid alliance (1335)
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1342
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1357
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1363
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1370
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1376
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1390
* Treaty of Gallipoli (1403) – agreement that released the Byzantine Empire of vassalage to the Ottoman Empire and extensive territorial additions.
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1406
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1412
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1418
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1423
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1431
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1436
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1442
* Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1448