OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Porta San Giovanni (Rome)

Porta San Giovanni is a gate in the Aurelian Wall of Rome, Italy, named after the nearby Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran.

## History

It consists of a single grand arch built for Pope Gregory XIII in opera forse by Giacomo della Porta or, it is argued, Giacomo del Duca, who had collaborated with Michelangelo on the Porta Pia. The confusion is because the chronology of the era merely speaks of a famous architect called Giacomo. Popular tradition insists the architect was Della Porta, for he died in crowds at the gate, "which he had built" of violent indigestion brought on by melons and watermelons, returning from a trip to the Castelli Romani.
Inaugurated in 1574, it had been necessitated by the reorganization of the whole Lateran area to facilitate traffic to and from southern Italy. Its opening led to the definitive closure of the neighboring and more imposing Porta Asinaria, of Aurelian date, which was by the 1570s proving unable to sustain such a high level of traffic and almost unusable due to the progressive raising of the road level neighboring.
The commemorative inscription above the arch reads:
Its design is conceived as more like the entrance to a villa than as a defensive work, lacking side towers, ramparts, and battlements, and marked instead by pronounced rustication work and by a simple decorative scheme composed of a large bearded head atop the arch on the external side.
The road in fact gives access to the via Campana (now the Via Appia Nuova), which for its first 3 miles follows the route of the ancient Via Asinaria, then that of the Via Labicana. The name via Campana, it is presumed, derives both from the road's ultimate destination of Campania and from the Roman Campagna through which it runs.
Besides the historical and military events on its reliefs, the Porta San Giovanni is linked to popular Roman traditions, now almost entirely disappeared, especially that relating to the Notte di San Giovanni, on 23 June, the notte delle streghe, with a major festival. According to legend, on that night the ghost of Herodias, who had convinced her husband Herod Antipas to decapitate John the Baptist, organizes a witches' sabbath on the Lateran meadows – to chase them away, the Romans organised a big party with rattles and fireworks. The notti di S. Giovanni was always characterised by the custom of eating slugs, whose horns symbolised discord (the meaning of the tradition is much more recent) – the eaten slugs, thus, buried in the stomach all arguments and resentments that had accumulated over the previous year, giving the custom the meaning of reconciliation.
The modern Appio-Latino quarter, now outside the gate, was set up in 1926 by demolishing and building over houses, cottages, vineyards, inns, and meadows. To keep the gate viable, also in 1926 fornici were opened at its sides, which can still be seen today.
# Porta San Zeno, Verona

Porta San Zeno was a gate or portal of the former outer medieval walls of the city of Verona, Italy. It was designed and built during 1542 by the architect Michele Sanmicheli.
The structure resembles the gate Sanmicheli designed for another city ruled by Venice, Zara in Dalmatia. The building around the gate has served as the offices of the Carnival of Verona.
# Porta San Marco, Siena

43°18′43″N 11°19′31″E﻿ / ﻿43.311939°N 11.32525°E﻿ / 43.311939; 11.32525
Porta San Marco is the remnant of one of the gates found the medieval walls of Siena, region of Tuscany, Italy. It is found at the start of Via San Marco.

## History

Formerly known as the Porta delle Maremme, this two story gate was first built around 1325-1326, about the time the Porta Tufi was built. It was refurbished in the 16th century by Baldassarre Peruzzi. The gatehouses and antiporti were demolished in the 19th century. The former Oratory of San Marco found near the gate is also no longer present. Above the external archway is a round christogram of St Bernardino of Siena.
# Pomo, California

Pomo (Pomo for "Those who live at red earth hole") is an archaic place name in Mendocino County, California. It was located 1.25 miles (2 km) southeast of Potter Valley, at an elevation of 942 feet (287 m).

## History

It is named after a village of the Pomo people. The village was first described by George Gibbs in 1851 in his Journal of the Expedition of Colonel Redick M'Kee, United States Indian Agent, through Northwestern California. The indigenous people of Potter Valley were labeled the Pomo Pomos, distinguishing them from Castel Pomos, Ki Pomos, Cahto Pomos, Choam Chadela Pomos, Matomey Ki Pomos, Usal Pomos, Shebalue Pomos, et al. This village, spelled pō'mō in a 1908 ethnographic report, stood on the east bank of the Russian River just south of the post office. At the time of the report, the Potter Valley gristmill stood on the site.
A post office operated at Pomo from 1870 to 1871, from 1872 to 1881, and from 1882 to 1911. A store opened at Pomo in 1874. Circa 1875, there was a school with 34 enrolled students, as well as a Pomo Grange with 75 members and a Templars lodge that met weekly at "the Hall". There was a monthly church meeting at Pomo in the 1880s.
In 1881 a pack of timber wolves had been killing domestic sheep near Pomo. There still was a school at Pomo in 1892, but by 1904 it had notably low enrollment. In the 1950s, the Pomo Athletic Club supported a league basketball team.
# Porto of My Childhood

Porto of My Childhood (Portuguese: Porto da Minha Infância) is a 2001 Portuguese/French film directed by Manoel de Oliveira. Manoel de Oliveira narrates a documentary which features staged dramatic scenes of memories and stories told to him during his childhood in Porto.

## Cast

* Jorge Trêpa - Manoel 1
* Ricardo Trêpa - Manoel 2
* Maria de Medeiros - Miss Diabo
* Manoel de Oliveira - Himself / narrator / The Thief
* José Wallenstein - Joel
* Rogério Samora - Chico
* Nelson Freitas - Diogo
* Jorge Loureiro - Casais Monteiro
* António Costa - Rodrigues de Freitas
* José Maria Vaz da Silva - António Silva
* David Cardoso - Augusto Nobre
* Leonor Baldaque - Ela
* Leonor Silveira - Vamp
* António Fonseca - Rufia
* Nuno Sousa - Reis' assistant
* Agustina Bessa-Luís - Dama texto
* João Bénard da Costa - A man (as Duarte de Almeida)
* Estela Cunha - Mãe
# Portobello (novel)

Portobello is a novel by British writer Ruth Rendell, published in 2008. It is set in and around the Portobello Road in Notting Hill, London. Written in the third-person narrative mode, it follows the lives of a number of Londoners—rich and poor alike—living near the Portobello Road Market whose paths cross by accident rather than design. In other words, Portobello is about "the destinies of an oddly assorted group of people, whose only common characteristic is their postcode."
Throughout the novel, something menacing seems to lurk behind every street corner, and the suspicion that something awful or sinister is going to happen any minute "(this is after all a novel by Ruth Rendell) is what hooks the reader" As "one of the leading chroniclers of contemporary London", Rendell has known the area and its inhabitants for so long that her "take on Notting Hill restores some of the rawness taken away by gentrification and the saccharine stammer of the film of the same name."

## Plot summary

The central character of the novel is Eugene Wren, a wealthy, middle-aged art dealer whose secretive personality jeopardizes both his sanity and his relationship with, and eventual engagement to, Ella Cotswold, an attractive general practitioner ten years his junior. Having in the past overcome various slight addictions to alcohol, nicotine, and food, Wren gets hooked on a special brand of sugar-free sweet, which he wants to conceal from his fiancée. When the couple decide that Ella should sell her flat and she moves in with him, he starts inventing excuses and lies so as to be alone just for the time it takes to suck a sweet and to get rid of the sweet smell on his breath afterwards. Extremely ashamed of his habit, he buys, hoards, and consumes the sweets secretly, and he establishes several caches in his antique-studded home. When Ella happens to find one of them, out of curiosity goes on to search the rest of the house, and finally confronts Wren with her find, he is so ashamed of himself that he sees no other way than to break off their engagement and move into a hotel.
# Positive Reaction

Positive Reaction may refer to:
* Positive Reaction (album), a 1990 album by Caveman
* Positive Reaction (song), a 1988 song by Mandy
# Port Glaud

Port Glaud (French pronunciation:) is an administrative district of Seychelles located on the northwestern coast of the island of Mahé. It is 25 km$^2$ and has a population of 2174 (2002 census). The main village is Port Glaud. The district contains two marine parks; Bay Ternay & Port Launay. The offshore islands of Thérèse Island and Conception Island are part of Port Glaud District.
# Post-harvest losses

Post-harvest losses may refer to:
* Post-harvest losses (vegetables)
* Post-harvest losses (grains)
# Portrait of Lorenzo di Credi

The Portrait of Lorenzo di Credi is a painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Perugino, dating to around 1504 and housed in the National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC, United States.

## Description

Before the painting was transferred to canvas, the wooden support had the inscription "Lorenzo di Credi, pittore più eccellente, 1488, età 32 anni, 8 mesi", perhaps added in the 16th century. For centuries, this was thought to be a self-portrait signature: however, starting from the 20th centuries the work was attributed, due to styilistical considerations, to Pietro Perugino (in particular, for the similitarities to the Portrait of Francesco delle Opere at the Uffizi), who had studied with Lorenzo in Verrocchio's workshop.
The painter is portrayed from three-quarters, with a rocky and hilly landscape in the background. He wears a black berret and a blouse of the same color, the collar of a white shirt barely visible at the neck. The melancholic expression, as well as the black clothes, are perhaps connected to the death of the common master Verrocchio, which occurred in 1488.
# Power It Up Records

Power It Up Records is a German record label mainly focused on grindcore. The label puts out both vinyl and CD. It has released records with Birdflesh, Rotten Sound, Regurgitate, Bathtub Shitter and Yacøpsæ among others.
# Pradosia montana

Pradosia montana is a species of plant in the family Sapotaceae. It is a tree and grows well in wet, tropical biomes. It is endemic to Ecuador. The Latin specific epithet montana refers to mountains or coming from mountains.
# Poundmaker (disambiguation)

Poundmaker may refer to:
* poundmaker, one who makes buffalo pounds
* Chief Poundmaker aka Pitikwahanapiwiyin (1842-1886) Canadian Plains Cree leader
* Poundmaker Cree Nation, Canadian Indian reserve and Treaty 6 First Nation located near Cut Knife, Saskatchewan
* HMCS Poundmaker, Canadian River class frigate of WWII
* Poundmaker Trail, Canadian highway from Edmonton, Alberta to North Battleford, Saskatchewan
* Camp Poundmaker, a camp near Toronto, Ontario, Canada, run by the League for Socialist Action (Canada)
# Precursor (religion)

In religion, a precursor, also known as forerunner, predecessor, harbinger or herald, is a holy person who announced the approaching appearance of a central figure of the religion or who identified a central figure of the religion during the latter's childhood.

## List of precursors

* Asita in Buddhism
* John the Baptist in Christianity
* Bahira or Sergius in Islam
* Shaykh Ahmad, forerunner of Bábism (in the Bábí-Bahá'í view)
* Sayyid Kazim Rashti, forerunner of Bábism (in the Bábí-Bahá'í view)
* Báb, forerunner and herald of the Bahá'í Faith (in the Bahá'í view)
# Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia

Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia is a form of lymphoid leukemia in which too many B-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the blood and bone marrow. It is the most common type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is sometimes additionally classified as a lymphoma, as designated leukemia/lymphoma. ALL is the most prevalent childhood malignancy, with precursor B-cell ALL (B-ALL) accounting for approximately 75–80% of newly diagnosed pediatric ALL cases.

## Subtypes

It consists of the following subtypes:
* t(9;22)-BCR/ ABL
* t(v;11q23)-MLL rearrangement
* t(1;19)-E2A/PBX1
* t(12;21)-ETV/ CBFα
* t(17;19)-E2A-HLF

## Molecular mechanisms

One interesting model of precursor B ALL shows aberrant function of a single gene, namely Pax5, as capable to change phenotype of B cells toward precursor cells. In approximately two-thirds of pediatric B-ALL patients, specific chromosomal translocations and their fusion genes are detectable, and these fusion genes play crucial roles as risk factors for strategic treatment. More than 200 fusion genes or mutated genes have been identified in ALL patients to date.

## Diagnosis

t(12;21)-ETV/ CBFα has a better prognosis as compared to other subtypes.
# Prayut cabinet

Prayut cabinet may refer to:
* First Prayut cabinet, the Thai government led by Prayut Chan-o-cha from 30 August 2014 to 16 July 2019
* Second Prayut cabinet, the Thai government led by Prayut Chan-o-cha from 16 July 2019 to 1 September 2023
# Pregnane X receptor

In the field of molecular biology, the pregnane X receptor (PXR), also known as the steroid and xenobiotic sensing nuclear receptor (SXR) or nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2 (NR1I2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR1I2 (nuclear Receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2) gene.

## Function

PXR is a nuclear receptor whose primary function is to sense the presence of foreign toxic substances and in response up regulate the expression of proteins involved in the detoxification and clearance of these substances from the body. PXR belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily, members of which are transcription factors characterized by a ligand-binding domain and a DNA-binding domain. PXR is a transcriptional regulator of the cytochrome P450 gene CYP3A4, binding to the response element of the CYP3A4 promoter as a heterodimer with the 9-cis retinoic acid receptor RXR. It is activated by a range of compounds that induce CYP3A4, including dexamethasone and rifampicin.

## Ligands
### Agonists

PXR is activated by a large number of endogenous and exogenous chemicals including steroids (e.g., progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, 5α-dihydroprogesterone, 5β-dihydroprogesterone, allopregnanolone, corticosterone, cyproterone acetate, spironolactone, dexamethasone, mifepristone), antibiotics (e.g., rifampicin, rifaximin), antimycotics, bile acids, hyperforin (a constituent of St. John's Wort), and other compounds such as meclizine, paclitaxel, cafestol, and forskolin.

### Antagonists

Ketoconazole is an example of one of the relatively few-known antagonists of the PXR. SPA70 (also known as LC-1) was recently identified and characterized as a potent and selective PXR antagonist.

## Mechanism

Like other type II nuclear receptors, when activated, it forms a heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor, and binds to hormone response elements on DNA which elicits expression of gene products.
One of the primary targets of PXR activation is the induction of CYP3A4, an important phase I oxidative enzyme that is responsible for the metabolism of many drugs. In addition, PXR up regulates the expression of phase II conjugating enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase and phase III transport uptake and efflux proteins such as OATP2 and MDR1.
# Pregnane

Pregnane, also known as 17β-ethylandrostane or as 10β,13β-dimethyl-17β-ethylgonane, is a C21 steroid and, indirectly, a parent of progesterone. It is a parent hydrocarbon for two series of steroids stemming from 5α-pregnane (originally allopregnane) and 5β-pregnane (17β-ethyletiocholane). It has a gonane core.
5β-Pregnane is the parent of pregnanediones, pregnanolones, and pregnanediols, and is found largely in urine as a metabolic product of 5β-pregnane compounds.

## Pregnanes

Pregnanes are steroid derivatives with carbons present at positions 1 through 21.
Most biologically significant pregnane derivatives fall into one of two groups: pregnenes and pregnadienes. Another class is pregnatrienes.

## Pregnenes

Pregnenes have a double bond. Examples include:
* Cortisone
* Hydrocortisone
* Progesterone

## Pregnadienes

Pregnadienes have two double bonds. Examples include:
* Cyproterone acetate
* Danazol
* Fluocinonide
# Praproče

Praproče may refer to several places in Slovenia:
* Praproče, Dobrova–Polhov Gradec, a settlement in the Municipality of Dobrova–Polhov Gradec
* Praproče, Koper, a settlement in the Municipality of Koper
* Praproče, Ribnica, a settlement in the Municipality of Ribnica
* Praproče, Semič, a settlement in the Municipality of Semič
* Praproče pri Grosupljem, a settlement in the Municipality of Grosuplje
* Praproče pri Temenici, a settlement in the Municipality of Ivančna Gorica
* Praproče v Tuhinju, a settlement in the Municipality of Kamnik
* Praproše, a settlement in the Municipality of Radovljica, sometimes known as Praproče
# Prescott High School

Prescott High School may refer to:
* Prescott High School (Arizona) in Prescott, Arizona
* Prescott High School (Arkansas) in Prescott, Arkansas
* Prescott High School (Wisconsin) in Prescott, Wisconsin
# Prescott Holden Thorp

Prescott Holden Thorp (April 28, 1887 – June 1981), of New Jersey, was a stamp dealer who was a recognized world-famous expert on stamped envelopes of the United States.

## Philatelic literature

Thorp continued the work of Julius (John) Murray Bartels, editing the fifth edition of Bartels Catalogue of the Stamped Envelopes and Wrappers of the United States and Possessions. In 1954 he completed a sixth edition and named it Thorp-Bartels Catalogue of the Stamped Envelopes and Wrappers of the United States.
Thorp wrote several other books on philately: Catalogue of the 20th Century Stamped Envelopes and Wrappers of the United States, in 1968, and Complete Guide to Stamp Collecting, in 1953. He also edited and published from 1949 to 1970 The U.S. Envelope World.

## Honors and awards

For his writings on stamped envelopes, Thorp received the Crawford Medal in 1945. He was named to the American Philatelic Society Hall of Fame in 1989.
# Prejudicial interest

In Welsh local authority politics, the term prejudicial interest is used to describe a particular type of conflict of interest involving councillors. When a councillor has an interest in a topic under debate which may prejudice their ability to fairly and objectively consider the subject, he or she is said to have a prejudicial interest. An example would be a councillor discussing a planning application for a company in which he or she has an interest. The councillor has an interest in the plans being considered and is therefore considered to have a "prejudicial interest". Under a statutory Model Code of Conduct, it is the responsibility of Welsh councillors to declare certain interests prior to discussions, and if prejudicial interests are declared, they must leave the room until the matter in which they have an interest has been decided. The regulatory authority is the Standards Board for Wales and the Public Services Ombudsman for Wales carries out investigations. Anyone can make an allegation of an undeclared prejudicial interest, but this can only be investigated after the event.
Until abolished in 2012, there was a similar system in England, where the Standards Board for England was the body responsible for investigating allegations of breaches of the statutory Model Code of Conduct. This was abolished in England by the Localism Act 2011. With effect from 2012, this system was replaced by a new criminal offence of failing to declare Disclosable Pecuniary Interests.
In Scotland, the Standards Commission for Scotland carries out a similar function but also regulates members of devolved bodies.
# Prek Kdam Bridge

The Prek Kdam Bridge is a 981-meter bridge that crosses the Tonlé Sap River at Ponhea Lueu in Kandal Province, Cambodia.
# Pratappur, Uttar Pradesh Assembly constituency

Pratappur is a constituency of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly covering the city of Pratappur in the Prayagraj district of Uttar Pradesh, India.
Pratappur is one of five assembly constituencies in the Bhadohi Lok Sabha constituency. Since 2008, this assembly constituency is numbered 257 amongst 403 constituencies.

## Election results
### 2022

2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: Pratappur :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | SP | Vijma Yadav | 91,142 | 40.09 |
| | AD(S) | Rakeshdhar Tripathi | 80,186 | 35.27 |
| | BSP | Ghanshyam Pandey | 34,912 | 15.36 |
| | Jan Adhikar Party | Manju Maurya | 3,106 | 1.37 |
| | INC | Sanjay Tiwari | 2,971 | 1.31 |
| | | NOTA (None of the Above) + Rest of the candidates | ~15,000 | 6.50 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 10,956 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | | |
| | SP gain from BSP | SP gain from BSP | Swing | |

## 2022

Vijma Yadav of Samajwadi Party won the elections with a margin of more than 10,956 votes.
# Pretty Boy Floyd (disambiguation)

Pretty Boy Floyd (1904–1934) was an American bank robber.
Pretty Boy Floyd may also refer to:
* Pretty Boy Floyd (American band), a glam metal band formed in 1987
* Pretty Boy Floyd (Canadian band), a hard rock band 1987–1990
* Pretty Boy Floyd (film), a 1960 biographical film about the bank robber
* "Pretty Boy Floyd", a song by Woody Guthrie from Dust Bowl Ballads, 1964 RCA reissue

## People with the nickname

* Jimmy Mataya, American pool player
* Floyd Mayweather Jr. (born 1977), American boxer
# Prestoea acuminata var. montana

Prestoea acuminata var. montana (vernacular English: Sierran palm; vernacular Spanish: palma de sierra) is a perennial palm in the family Arecaceae.

## Description

A palm with a thin and tall stipe and a uniform diameter, reaching heights of 45 feet.

## Distribution

It is found throughout the Greater Antilles as well as the Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean.

## Habitat

Generally found in mountains of up to 1,300 feet (400 m) high. It grows in the forest of creeks in the mountains, and on the steep slopes of the highest peaks in Puerto Rico. It is also found in Toro Negro State Forest, in the Puerto Rico Cordillera Central. According to studies in the Luquillo Mountains, this palm also is associated with landslides.

## Uses

The fruit is the favorite food of the Puerto Rican parrot.

## Taxonomy

The plant was first described as Euterpe montana and was later transferred to the genus Prestoea.

### Etymology

Prestoea: generic name in honor of Henry Prestoe (1842–1923), English botanist and traveler, who collected the plant in Trinidad. montana: from the Latin, meaning "from the mountain".

## Gallery

* Prestoea acuminata var. montana forest in Toro Negro
* Prestoea acuminata var. montana among trees, El Yunque
* Prestoea acuminata var. montana on the banks of a creek, El Yunque
* Roots of Prestoea acuminata var. montana in El Yunque
# Prior of the Caporioni

The Prior of the Caporioni (Italian - Priore dei Caporioni; Latin - cap. reg. urbis priore) was the caporione or capo rione of rione I of late medieval Rome.
Each of Rome's rioni was led by a caporione, who was supported in his public-order duties by other local citizens on oath known as constables (constabili or capotori). However, the caporione of Rione I was also ex officio a subordinate magistrate under the Conservatori of Rome. Unlike the other caporioni, he also usually came from the Roman urban nobility (patriziato romano). All the other caporioni were abolished in the mid 18th century, but the post of Prior of the Caporioni was only abolished during the reforms of pope Pius IX via a special motu proprio law entitled Structure and municipal organisation and administrative organisation of the city (Struttura e organizzazione municipale e dell'amministrazione degli uffici) dated 1 October 1847.