OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Homage (sculpture)

Homage was a sculpture by Haydn Davies, commissioned by Lambton College to stand outside the school's main entrance in Sarnia, Ontario, Canada. It was constructed in 1975 and destroyed by the college in 2005.

## History

In 1974, the college commissioned Davies to construct Homage, a wooden structure, outside the main entrance of the college. James Adams of The Globe and Mail called Homage, "one of Canada's most famous public sculptures".

### Destruction

In June 2005, the college tore it down with a backhoe, citing safety concerns due to an ant infestation and other animals degrading the structure. Davies' son Bryan evaluated the damage as only superficial and contended the sculpture could have been repaired. In negotiations about compensation to Davies for the destruction, the Davies family proposal included an apology and commissioning of a new $60,000 sculpture by Davies. Lambton College was unwilling to fund a new piece and unlikely to apologize stating, "we believe Lambton was well within its moral and legal rights". The college president Tony Hanlon in an email to Bryan sought assurances that there would be no further public criticism of the college. Bryan Davies stated, "My father cannot, in good conscience, agree not to speak out". In 2006, Davies sued the college for $1.2 million, contending the college failed to maintain the structure. Davies died in 2008 and the lawsuit was settled in 2010, with the details not made public.
Bryan Davies made a video homage2Homage which called it an arbitrary decision to destroy the structure.
The story of the sculpture's destruction inspired a play, called Homage, by Anthony Black. The play was first produced in 2009 by 2b theatre company of Halifax, Nova Scotia.
# Martin measure

In descriptive set theory, the Martin measure is a filter on the set of Turing degrees of sets of natural numbers, named after Donald A. Martin. Under the axiom of determinacy it can be shown to be an ultrafilter.

## Definition

Let $D$ be the set of Turing degrees of sets of natural numbers. Given some equivalence class $[X]\in D$, we may define the cone (or upward cone) of $[X]$ as the set of all Turing degrees $[Y]$ such that $X\leq _{T}Y$; that is, the set of Turing degrees that are "at least as complex" as $X$ under Turing reduction. In order-theoretic terms, the cone of $[X]$ is the upper set of $[X]$.
Assuming the axiom of determinacy, the cone lemma states that if A is a set of Turing degrees, either A includes a cone or the complement of A contains a cone. It is similar to Wadge's lemma for Wadge degrees, and is important for the following result.
We say that a set $A$ of Turing degrees has measure 1 under the Martin measure exactly when $A$ contains some cone. Since it is possible, for any $A$, to construct a game in which player I has a winning strategy exactly when $A$ contains a cone and in which player II has a winning strategy exactly when the complement of $A$ contains a cone, the axiom of determinacy implies that the measure-1 sets of Turing degrees form an ultrafilter.

## Consequences

It is easy to show that a countable intersection of cones is itself a cone; the Martin measure is therefore a countably complete filter. This fact, combined with the fact that the Martin measure may be transferred to $\omega _{1}$ by a simple mapping, tells us that $\omega _{1}$ is measurable under the axiom of determinacy. This result shows part of the important connection between determinacy and large cardinals.
# Longford Slashers

Longford Slashers is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in Longford, County Longford, Ireland. The club is based at Michael Fay Park in Longford Town.
The club has won the Longford Senior Football Championship 16 times, and during the 2010s was the only club in the county to field teams at football, hurling, ladies football and Camogie.

## History

The Longford Slashers club was formed in 1954 when Longford Wanderers and Whiterock Slashers clubs merged to form a new club.They decided to take Longford from Wanderers and Slashers from Whiterock hence Longford Slashers came into existence.
The club has won the Longford Senior Football Championship 16 times, with victories in 1954, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1961, 1971, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1994, 2010, 2011, and 2013.
The club has won the Longford Senior Hurling Championship 12 times, with victories in 1982, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1997, 2000, 2001, and 2021. The hurling club was called the Slashers Gaels until the mid-2000s, when it was changed to the Longford Slashers.
At the formation of the club in 1954, Longford Slashers depended on Longford County Board to play many of their games in Pearse Park. While the club also rented some fields locally over the years.
The Club grounds, Clubhouse, and other facilities were officially opened by the then President of Cumann Luthchleas Gael, Padraic McFlynn, on 12 October 1980.
In 1978, the club purchased an initial 12 acres (4.9 ha) at Farneyhoogan on the outskirts of Longford town. Following extensive development work, the first two pitches were opened on 8 June 1980. The first competitive game was a Leader Cup match against Ardagh.
On 25 April 2005, a new floodlit all-weather playing pitch was opened on an additional 6 acres (2.4 ha) of land that the club had purchased.
On 6 October 2013, Slashers won their 16th county Senior Football Championship title, defeating Dromard by a score of 1–11 to 1–9.

## Notable players

* Gareth Ghee

## Achievements

* Longford Senior Football Championship: 16
** 1954, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1961, 1971, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1994, 2010, 2011, 2013
** (Runner-up in 1960, 1963, 1964, 1968, 1977, 1978, 1981, 1997, 2006, 2008, 2012 & 2019)
* Longford Senior Hurling Championship: 12
** 1982, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1997, 2000, 2001, 2021.
* Longford Ladies' Senior Football Championship: 7
** 1983, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024
* Longford LGFA Intermediate Football Championship: 1
** 2018
* Longford LGFA Junior Football Championship: 1
** 2017 (Runner-up in 2013, 2014, 2015)
* Leinster LGFA Intermediate Football Championship: 1
** 2022 (Runner-up in 2021)
* All-Ireland LGFA Intermediate Football Championship: 1
** 2022

## Under-age

Their club has underage football teams at U-8s, U-10s, U-12s, two U-14s, two U16s & Minor grades. Longford Slashers have had success at the U-21 level in the county, including in 2004. In hurling, the club fields under-age teams from U-8 through to Minor level and has won titles at every grade, including National John West Féile na nGael cup champions in 2018 and 2019.
# Hyposmocoma tripartita

Hyposmocoma tripartita is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It was first described by Lord Walsingham in 1907. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Molokai.
# Nightmare Weekend

Nightmare Weekend is a 1986 horror B-movie directed by Henry Sala and distributed by Troma Entertainment. It features the first film role of NYPD Blue actress Andrea Thompson.

## Plot

A brilliant professor invents a complex computer program meant to better society by altering the bad behavior of its test subjects. However, this sometimes causes the personal belongings of these subjects to transform into deadly metal pinballs that attack people, as one unfortunate burglar discovers. His shut-in daughter also uses the machine like a video game, unaware or uncaring of its real world effects on nearby machinery turning against their users. She also owns a strange puppet named George which may be alive, helping her make decisions about her life.
In league with a mysterious man, the professor's psychotic assistant gets hold of the program and manipulates it to warp people's minds and turn them into murderous weapons. She selects three young college girls as her victims and invites them to the professor's house for a weekend of torture and diabolical experiments. Accompanying the young women are a pair of local sleazy barflies who are looking to score with the college girls.
Over the course of the weekend, freakish and sexy hijinks ensue while the college girls are subjected to the machine's weird effects. Meanwhile, the shut-in daughter contemplates the meaning of falling in love after turning to George for advice.

## Home media

The film was restored in 2K from its 35mm internegative and released on Blu-ray by Vinegar Syndrome in 2016.
# Ilmen

Ilmen may refer to:
* Lake Ilmen, a lake in Novgorod Oblast, Russia
* Ilmensky Mountains, in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, which gives the name to ilmenite
* Il’mena, a Russian ship
* Middle-earth cosmology#Ilmen, an atmospheric region of J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth stories
# Greenbush, Illinois

Greenbush is an unincorporated community in Warren County, Illinois, United States. Greenbush is 7 miles (11 km) east-southeast of Roseville.
# HMS Calpe

Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Calpe, named after an ancient name for the Rock of Gibraltar or Mons Calpe.
* HMS Calpe (1800), 14-gun sloop, formerly the Spanish San Josef, captured in 1800 and sold in 1802
* HMS Calpe (L71), Type II Hunt-class destroyer launched in 1941, transferred to the Royal Danish Navy in 1952 as the Rolfe Krake, and sold for scrapping in 1966
* HMS Calpe (1965 shore establishment), Headquarters of the Royal Naval Reserve at Gibraltar until 1993
# Pregnanediol

Pregnanediol, or 5β-pregnane-3α,20α-diol, is an inactive metabolic product of progesterone. A test can be done to measure the amount of pregnanediol in urine, which offers an indirect way to measure progesterone levels in the body.
From the urine of pregnant women from London clinics, Guy Frederic Marrian isolated a substance that contained two hydroxyl groups and could be converted into a diacetate with acetic anhydride. However, the formula had not been clearly clarified. Almost at the same time, Adolf Butenandt at the Chemical University Laboratory in Göttingen investigated the constituents of pregnant urine and clarified the structure of the diol. The name pregnandiol, coined by Butenandt, is derived from the Latin verb praegnans (pregnant) or the English pregnant and pregnancy. This gave rise to the name pregnane for the underlying parent hydrocarbon.
In 1936, Venning and Browne demonstrated the presence of pregnanediol, specifically the glucuronide of pregnanediol in pregnancy urine. Their study extracted pregnanediol from pregnancy urine and revealed that pregnanediol concentration in urine indicates the amount of progesterone excreted. Since progesterone levels indicate the functionality of a corpus luteum, and pregnanediol concentration represents 40-45% of the progesterone excreted, estimations of pregnanediol reveal the functionality of a corpus luteum. However, pregnanediol concentrations vary with menstrual cycle phases, so it is essential to consider the menstrual cycle phase when examining them. Furthermore, current research has demonstrated that pregnanediol concentration in urine is also a measure of ovarian activity.
# Åsmund Apeland

Åsmund Apeland (24 March 1930 – 17 October 2010) was a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party.
He served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Rogaland during the term 1969–1973. In total he met during 10 days of parliamentary session.
# Horia (name)

Horia is a Romanian-language male name that may refer to:
* Horia Agarici
* Horia Bernea
* Horia Bonciu
* Horia Brenciu
* Horia Creangă
* Horia Colibășanu
* Horia Damian
* Horia Demian
* Horia Furtună
* Horia Gârbea
* Horia Hulubei
* Horia Macellariu
* Horia Moculescu
* Horia-Roman Patapievici
* Horia Sima
* Horia Tecău
# Homage (arts)

Homage (/ˈhɒmɪdʒ/ or /ˈɒmɪdʒ/) is a show or demonstration of respect or dedication to someone or something, sometimes by simple declaration but often by some more oblique reference, artistic or poetic. The term is often used in the arts, where one author or artist shows respect to another by allusion or imitation; this is often spelled like and pronounced similar to the original French hommage (/oʊˈmɑːʒ/).

## Description

It was originally a declaration of fealty in the feudal system – swearing that one was the man (French: homme), or subordinate, of the feudal lord. The concept then became used figuratively for an acknowledgement of quality or superiority. For example, a man might give homage to a lady, so honouring her beauty and other graces. In German scholarship, followers of a great scholar developed the custom of honouring their mentor by producing papers for a festschrift dedicated to him.
In music, homage can take the form of a composition (Homage to Paderewski), a tribute album (Homage to Charles Parker) or a sample. Digital techniques used to generate many forms of media make it easy to borrow from other works, and this remediation may be used in homage to them.
# Doina annulata

Doina annulata is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by John Frederick Gates Clarke in 1978. It is found in Chile.
The wingspan is about 24 mm. The forewings are light clay color. There is a short black, transverse dash from the extreme base of the costa to the fold and from the fold to the costa, the basal two-thirds of the wing are marked with fuscous and black scales, especially along the fold and between the end of the cell and the costa. In the middle of the cell is a black dash followed at the end of the cell by a similarly colored L-shaped mark and before the termen are three ill-defined fuscous blotches. Around the apex, along the termen to the tornus, is a series of fuscous dashes forming almost a continuous narrow line. The hindwings are olive buff with a narrow grayish-fuscous terminal line.
# Hyposmocoma triptila

Hyposmocoma triptila is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1915. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Oahu. The type locality is the Koʻolau Range.
# Nikolovo, Haskovo Province

Nikolovo is a village in the municipality of Haskovo, in Haskovo Province, in southern Bulgaria.
# John C. Ainsworth

John Commingers Ainsworth (June 6, 1822 – December 30, 1893) was an American pioneer businessman and steamboat owner in Oregon. A native of Ohio, he moved west to mine gold in California before immigrating to Oregon where he piloted steamships and became a founder of the Oregon Steam Navigation Company and several banks.

## Early life

Ainsworth was born in Springboro, Ohio, on June 6, 1822. His parents died while he was 13 years old, so he went to work for his uncle in Farmington, Iowa. They became partners in a business selling goods from boats along the Ohio River, but soon he split from his uncle and bought a store with a partner, which was sold at a good profit after only one year. He married a young woman, Josephine Augusta Kendall, who died fifteen months later.

## American West

Ainsworth was not done partnering with his uncle. In 1844 they bought a steamboat and started a successful packet delivery service along the upper Mississippi River. Then the Gold Rush hit in 1849, and he sold his share of the business to go to California. The Gold Rush did not live up to his expectations, so he found a job piloting a steamer on the Willamette River in Oregon.
In 1851, he married the daughter of Judge S.S. White, and built a house in Oregon City. In late 1860, Ainsworth and several investors started the Oregon Steam Navigation Company (OSNC). The OSNC controlled the shipping routes of steamers, railroads, and freight lines in Washington and Oregon.
In 1868, Ainsworth had an annual income of $14,651, one of the highest in the state of Oregon.
By 1869, the OSNC monopolized the Columbia River transportation market. In April 1879, Henry Villard purchased the OSNC for its full value of $5 million. Ainsworth retired to Oakland, California, after the sale.

## Later years and family

Ainsworth served on the Portland Public Schools board from 1873 to 1879.
After selling out, he entered the banking business in 1883 with the Ainsworth National Bank in Portland. In 1892, he started the Central Bank of Oakland. Ainsworth had seven children: George (with his second wife Nancy White) and John, Harry, Daisy, Laura, Maud, and Belle (with his third wife Sarah Frances "Fanny" Babbitt). Ainsworth was a Freemason, and eventually the third Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Oregon. In 1870, Ainsworth founded the Orient of Oregon and the Valley of Portland of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, S.J. and served as the first Sovereign Grand Inspector General of the Orient of Oregon. After retiring to California he wrote his autobiography. He died near Oakland, California, on December 30, 1893.
He is the namesake of Ainsworth, Washington, as well as Ainsworth Elementary School in SW Portland. His son, John Churchill Ainsworth, (1870-1943) was a prominent Oregon businessman, Portland banker and served as chairman of the State Highway Commission from 1931 to 1932. John Churchill also donated the land in 1933 that became Ainsworth State Park.
# Gregory Michael

Gregory Michael (born May 30, 1981) is an American actor.

## Biography

Michael was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He is the only son of Gregory Hosmer and Rosaria DiStefano, and has one older sister, Christina. He attended the Christian Brothers' La Salle College High School, in Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania. Michael went on to college to pursue his studies in theatre and acting at Pennsylvania State University. Michael currently resides in Los Angeles, California. Although he has portrayed gay characters on multiple television shows, he is straight in his own life, and was reported to have previously dated Stephanie Pratt.

## Acting career

At a young age, Michael was active in community theater, portraying lead characters in the musicals Blood Brothers, The Music Man, and Damn Yankees, which were performed at the Walnut Street Theatre in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In high school, he captured national championship awards in his Dramatic and Humorous Interpretation of literature, in competing with the National Forensics League, under the coaching of the late Brother Rene Sterner FSC.
Michael's first professional work was for Walt Disney Entertainment, at Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida as a character performer. The Walt Disney World Christmas Day Parade was one of Michael's first appearances on television. Michael's notable television roles include; "Clark Watson" on the CBS soap opera As the World Turns, "Kevin Archer", in the supernatural gothic soap opera Dante's Cove, and "Grant Ellis" on ABC Family's Greek.

## Filmography
### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2003–2004 | As the World Turns | Clark Watson | 32 episodes |
| 2005–2006 | Just Legal | Ryan Cern | Episodes: "The Rainmaker", "The Limit" |
| 2005–2007 | Dante's Cove | Kevin Archer | 13 episodes |
| 2008–2011 | Greek | Grant Ellis | 20 episodes |
| 2012 | How I Met Your Mother | Trey | Episode: "Trilogy Time" |
| 2016 | Fall Into Me | Will | Episode: "Delicious" |
| 2018 | Famous in Love | Sebastian Graham | Episode: "The Kids Aren't All Right" |

### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2005 | Running Out of Time In Hollywood | Michael | |
| 2008 | The Lovers | Chris | |

### Music videos

| Year | Song | Artist | Notes |
| 2011 | "Outta Control" | J786 | Lead |
| 2011 | "Girl Next Door" | Marisa Laurén | Lead |
| 2012 | "Never Gonna Happen" | Colette Carr | Lead |
| 2014 | "Caster of Shame" | Death Angel | Lead |
| 2015 | "Calipopicana" | Kylie Hughes | Lead |
# Frąca

Frąca refers to the following villages in Poland
* Frąca, Gmina Osiek
* Frąca, Gmina Smętowo Graniczne
# Premier's Cup (ATC)

The Premier's Cup is an Australian Turf Club Group 3 Thoroughbred quality handicap horse race, for horses aged three years old and older, over a distance of 1,900 metres, held annually at Rosehill Racecourse, Sydney, Australia in August. Total prize money for the race is A$160,000.

## History
### Name

* 1947–1988 - Rosehill Cup
* 1989–1998 - Premier's Cup
* 1999–2004 - Premier's Quality Cup
* 2005 onwards - Premier's Cup

### Distance

* 1947–1951 - 11⁄2 miles (~2400 metres)
* 1952–1955 - 11⁄4 miles (~2000 metres)
* 1956 - 11⁄8 miles (~1800 metres)
* 1957–1971 - 11⁄4 miles (~2000 metres)
* 1972–1986 – 2,000 metres
* 1987 - 1,900 metres
* 1988 - 2,000 metres
* 1989–2002 – 1,900 metres
* 2003–2015 – 1,800 metres
* 2016 onwards - 1,900 metres

### Grade

* 1947–1978 - Principal Race
* 1979–2017 - Listed Race
* 2018 onwards - Group III

## Winners

* 2021 - Harpo Marx
* 2020 - Mugatoo
* 2019 - Wu Gok
* 2018 - Avilius
* 2017 - Dee I Cee
* 2016 - Sense Of Occasion
* 2015 - Magic Hurricane
* 2014 - Greatwood
* 2013 - Less Is More
* 2012 - Glencadam Gold
* 2011 - Break Card
* 2010 - Snow Alert
* 2009 - Emperor Bonaparte
* 2008 - Red Lord
* 2007 - †race not held
* 2006 - Activation
* 2005 - Railings
* 2004 - Bush Honey
* 2003 - Domine
* 2002 - Gamesman
* 2001 - Mulan Princess
* 2000 - Super Revenir
* 1999 - Catapult
* 1998 - Joss Sticks
* 1997 - Ask The Waiter
* 1996 - ‡Meeting abandoned
* 1995 - Ardeed
* 1994 - Century Reign
* 1993 - O'Hara
* 1992 - Donegal Mist
* 1991 - Hammond
* 1990 - Kessem
* 1989 - Port Kingdom
* 1988 - Natural Habit
* 1987 - Northern Plain
* 1986 - Fix The Date
* 1985 - Colour Page
* 1984 - Just For Tristram
* 1983 - Tulsa Knight
* 1982 - Bourbon Boy
* 1981 - Coe
* 1980 - Diamond Park
* 1979 - In Luck
* 1978 - Leonotis
* 1977 - Such Fun
* 1976 - Northbridge Lad
* 1975 - Americano
* 1974 - Broadway Hit
* 1973 - Drum Roll
* 1972 - Red God
* 1971 - Oncidon
* 1970 - Tails
* 1969 - Tails
* 1968 - By Gee
* 1967 - Tupaki
* 1966 - Victory Roll
* 1965 - Duo
* 1964 - Striking Force
* 1963 - Alpensea
* 1962 - Tamure
* 1961 - Gemstone
* 1960 - Boorala
* 1959 - Bardshah
* 1958 - Caranna
* 1957 - Turkestan
* 1956 - Regal Forest
* 1955 - Talisman
* 1954 - El Ziet
* 1953 - Maynard
* 1952 - Hydrogen
* 1951 - Amused
* 1950 - Hurry Up
* 1949 - Dark Marne
* 1948 - Paktong
* 1947 - Courier
† Not held because of outbreak of equine influenza
‡ Meeting was abandoned due to weather