# German submarine U-132 (1941)

German submarine U-132 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II. She was laid down on 10 August 1940 by Vegesacker Werft, Bremen-Vegesack as yard number 11, launched on 10 April 1941 and commissioned on 29 May that year under Kapitänleutnant Ernst Vogelsang.
In four patrols, U-132 sank ten ships for a total of 37,280 gross register tons (GRT) and 2,216 tons. She was a member of three wolfpacks. The submarine was lost after an attack on Convoy SC-107 in November 1942.

## Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-132 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN 6-cylinder 4-stroke M 6 V 40/46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two Brown, Boveri & Cie GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-132 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and a 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.

## Service history
### First patrol

U-132 departed on her first patrol when she left Trondheim in Norway on 7 September 1941. Rounding the North Cape, she criss-crossed that part of the Barents Sea northwest of Murmansk before heading further east. She sank two Soviet ships, Argun and SKR-11 Ural on 18 October.
The boat docked in Kirkenes, also in Norway, on 21 October.

### Second patrol

Having moved from Kirkenes back to Trondheim in late October 1941, U-132 commenced her second foray on 15 January 1942. Her route took her due west through the gap between Iceland and the Faroe Islands to a point 10 nmi (19 km; 12 mi) west of Reykjavík. Here she sank USCGC Alexander Hamilton on the 29th.
She then moved to the port of La Pallice in occupied France, arriving on 8 February.

### Third patrol

The boat's most successful patrol began when she left La Pallice on 10 June 1942. Having crossed the Atlantic Ocean, she attacked shipping in the Gulf of St Lawrence.
On 6 July the U-132 sank 3 ships in short order, Anastasios Pateras, Hainaut and Dinaric, all southeast of Cap Chat, Quebec from convoy QS-15. The convoy escort the Canadian minesweeper HMCS Drummondville retaliated with a depth charge attack. The warship's depth charges damaged the U-boat's ballast pumps and resulted in the loss of 4 m³ of fuel.
Fourteen days later on 20 July, the submarine attacked Frederika Lensen in convoy QS-19 near Anticosti Island. The ship was towed to Grand Valée Bay and beached, but with her back broken, she was declared a total loss.
On 29 July the U-132 sights convoy ON-113 and the next day sinks one ship from it.
The boat returned to La Pallice on 16 August.

### Fourth patrol and loss

U-132 left La Pallice for the last time on 6 October 1942. Operating southeast of Cape Farewell (Greenland), she was triumphant after sinking Hobbema and Empire Lynx, but was sunk, probably by falling debris from the ammunition ship Hatimura when that vessel exploded, following an attack by U-132 and U-442 on 4 November. All 47 crew members died.

### Wolfpacks

U-132 took part in three wolfpacks, namely:
* Endrass (12 – 17 June 1942)
* Panther (13 – 19 October 1942)
* Veilchen (20 October - 3 November 1942)

### Previously recorded fate

Had originally been recorded as sunk the next day, 5 November 1942, by British aircraft of No. 120 Squadron RAF. The 120 Squadron attack, in the same area southeast of Cape Farewell where U-132 inadvertently sunk herself, had actually been on U-89 operating nearby, causing severe damage but not sinking her.

## Summary of raiding history

| Date | Ship Name | Nationality | Tonnage | Fate | Position | Deaths |
| 18 October 1941 | Argun | Soviet Union | 3,487 | Sunk | 67°41′N 41°03′E﻿ / ﻿67.683°N 41.050°E﻿ / 67.683; 41.050 | Unknown |
| 18 October 1941 | SKR-11 Ural | Soviet Navy | 557 | Sunk | 67°33′N 41°08′E﻿ / ﻿67.550°N 41.133°E﻿ / 67.550; 41.133 | 40 |
| 29 January 1942 | USCGC Alexander Hamilton | United States Coast Guard | 2,216 | Sunk | 64°10′N 22°56′W﻿ / ﻿64.167°N 22.933°W﻿ / 64.167; -22.933 | 32 |
| 6 July 1942 | Anastassios Pateras | Greece | 3,382 | Sunk | 49°30′N 66°30′W﻿ / ﻿49.500°N 66.500°W﻿ / 49.500; -66.500 | 3 |
| 6 July 1942 | Dinaric | United Kingdom | 2,555 | Sunk | 49°30′N 66°30′W﻿ / ﻿49.500°N 66.500°W﻿ / 49.500; -66.500 | 4 |
| 6 July 1942 | Hainaut | Belgium | 4,312 | Sunk | 49°13′N 66°49′W﻿ / ﻿49.217°N 66.817°W﻿ / 49.217; -66.817 | 1 |
| 20 July 1942 | Frederika Lensen | United Kingdom | 4,367 | Total loss | 49°22′N 65°12′W﻿ / ﻿49.367°N 65.200°W﻿ / 49.367; -65.200 | 4 |
| 30 July 1942 | Pacific Pioneer | United Kingdom | 6,734 | Sunk | 43°30′N 60°35′W﻿ / ﻿43.500°N 60.583°W﻿ / 43.500; -60.583 | 0 |
| 4 November 1942 | Empire Lynx | United Kingdom | 6,379 | Sunk | 55°20′N 40°01′W﻿ / ﻿55.333°N 40.017°W﻿ / 55.333; -40.017 | 0 |
| 4 November 1942 | Hatimura* | United Kingdom | 6,690 | Damaged | 55°30′N 40°00′W﻿ / ﻿55.500°N 40.000°W﻿ / 55.500; -40.000 | 28 |
| 4 November 1942 | Hobbema | Netherlands | 5,507 | Sunk | 55°28′N 39°52′W﻿ / ﻿55.467°N 39.867°W﻿ / 55.467; -39.867 | 4 |
*Credit for sinking this vessel belongs to U-442