OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# United States Olympic trials (swimming)

The United States Olympic team swim trials are held before every Summer Olympic Games to select the US Olympic swimming team participants. The event is overseen by the United States Olympic Committee and run by USA Swimming.
The first Olympic trials were held in 1920 in Alameda, California, to select swimmers for the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium. The men's and women's trials have been held separately six times.

## Venues

| Year | Location | Venue(s) | Dates | Notes |
| 1920 | Alameda, California (Western) Manhattan Beach, New York (women's final) Chicago, Illinois (men's final) | | western: June 26–27 final (women): July 10 final (men): July 10–11 | |
| 1924 | Indianapolis, Indiana (men's) Briarcliff Manor, New York (women's) | Broad Ripple Park Pool (men's) Briarcliff Lodge (women's) | men: June 5–7 women: June 7–8 | |
| 1928 | Iowa City, Iowa (Midwestern tryouts) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (NCAA tryouts) Detroit, Michigan (men's Final tryouts) Rockaway Playland Pool (women's Final tryouts) | | Midwest: February 10–11 NCAA: March 30–31 | |
| 1932 | Cincinnati, Ohio (men's) Long Island, New York (women's) | | men: July 13–16 women: July 15–16 | |
| 1936 | Providence, Rhode Island (men's) Astoria, New York (women's) | | men: July 10–12 women: July 11–12 | |
| 1948 | Detroit, Michigan | | July 8–11 | |
| 1952 | Astoria Park, Astoria, New York (men's) Indianapolis, Indiana (women's) | Flushing Meadow Amphitheatre (men's) Broad Ripple Park Pool (women's) | July 4–6 | |
| 1956 | Detroit, Michigan | | August 7–10 | |
| 1960 | Detroit, Michigan | | August 2–5 | |
| 1964 | Astoria, New York | | August 29–September 3 | |
| 1968 | Long Beach, California (men's) Los Angeles, California (women's) | | men: August 30–September 3 women: August 24–28 | |
| 1972 | Chicago, Illinois | Portage Park | August 2–6 | |
| 1976 | Long Beach, California | | June 16–21 | |
| 1980 | Irvine, California | | July 29–August 2 | Olympic trials canceled due to the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott Event rescheduled for after the actual Olympic competition |
| 1984 | Indianapolis, Indiana | Indiana University Natatorium | June 25–30 | |
| 1988 | Austin, Texas | | August 8–13 | |
| 1992 | Indianapolis, Indiana | Indiana University Natatorium | March 1–7 | US Spring Nationals |
| 1996 | Indianapolis, Indiana | Indiana University Natatorium | March 6–12 | |
| 2000 | Indianapolis, Indiana | Indiana University Natatorium | August 9–16 | |
| 2004 | Long Beach, California | | July 7–14 | |
| 2008 | Omaha, Nebraska | Qwest Center Omaha | June 29–July 6 | winners considered national champions |
| 2012 | Omaha, Nebraska | CenturyLink Center Omaha | June 25–July 2 | |
| 2016 | Omaha, Nebraska | CenturyLink Center Omaha | June 26–July 3 | |
| 2020 | Omaha, Nebraska | CHI Health Center Omaha | June 13–20, 2021 | Rescheduled from June 21–28, 2020 Postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic |
| 2024 | Indianapolis, Indiana | Lucas Oil Stadium | June 15–23 | |
# Ranjit Vilas Palace (Ratlam)

The Ranjit Vilas Palace is a palace in Ratlam, Madhya Pradesh that was the residence of the royal family of Ratlam. Built in 1880 and named for the then ruler, the palace is noted for its Italian architecture and décor and is a key part of the city’s heritage. Owned by the Government of Madhya Pradesh since the death of the last ruler, the palace has suffered from encroachments and several proposals have been made to renovate and repurpose the building.

## History

The palace was constructed in 1880 by the then ruler of the princely state of Ratlam, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Rathore and has been named after him. Popularly known as the Old Palace, it is an important part of the architectural heritage of Ratlam. The palace was the official residence of Lokendra Singh, the last ruler of Ratlam. Following his death in 1991 and his wife Prabharaje in 1993, the palace was taken over by the Government of Madhya Pradesh as the ruler had no lineal descendants.

## Architecture

The palace is noted for its Italian architecture and craftsmanship reflected in the carvings done on the palace floor. Wallpaper imported from Europe and Belgian glass figure in its décor. It also featured an elevator which the first such utility in Ratlam and a rarity in buildings of the time.

## Present status

The palace has been the subject of much litigation and has been declared as property of the government of Madhya Pradesh. The building itself has been used to house various government offices. In 2011 the Palace was the venue of rival coronations by claimants to the titular kingship of Ratlam. Over the years the property has been encroachmed upon extensively with houses and shops being built on the encroached land. This forced the district administration to ban all commercial transactions on the property in 2017. Proposals to get the state government to declare the building as a protected monument, to develop it as heritage hotel under the Ministry of Tourism or convert it into a museum have all seen little progress.
# Princeton Club, Kolkata

Princeton Club, is a club promoted by Merlin Recreation Pvt. Ltd. a Merlin Group company, located on at, 26, Prince Anwar Shah Road, near Rabindra Sarobar Metro Station.

## Design

One of the leading architects of Kolkata Dulal Mukherjee & Associates have designed the building complex. The club layout plans have been carried out by Edifice, a leading architect firm of Mumbai and the interior designing and decoration has been planned by architect Kamal Periwal and architect Amrita Mukherjee of Maheshwari & Associates.

## Facilities

The club is mainly popular for organizing Corporate workshops, Business conferences, Training sessions, Annual General Meetings, Press conferences, Dealers' meets, Product launches, Exhibitions. The club has a bar, swimming pool, conference room, gym etc.

## Membership

One needs to apply for the membership by filling up a form. Deposit Rs. 20,000/- and the person will be called for interview within 7 days. The membership fee is 1,90,000. Members don't have voting right. Memberships are transferable. Rupees The club offers different types of memberships-
* Family membership
* Individual membership
* Corporate membership
* Temporary membership
* Sports membership
* Honorary membership
# Megapedion

Megapedion is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:
* Megapedion lefebvrei (Gounelle, 1909)
* Megapedion sylphis (Bates, 1870)
# Graswiesenbach

Graswiesenbach is a small river of Hesse, Germany. It flows into the Nidda in Rudingshain. It originates in the Vogelsberg mountain at an altitude of about 713 m above sea level just north of the Rudingshainer Flösser.
It flows in a west-southwestern direction, first through forest and then through grassland before finally flowing into the Nidda. At this stage the river is at an altitude of about 423 m above sea level.
Graswiesenbach is approx. 4.0 km long and ends about 290 altitude meters below its origin, thus it has an average bottom slope of about 73 ‰.
# Greg Wood

Greg Wood may refer to:
* Greg Wood (actor), British actor
* Greg Wood (cricketer) (born 1988), English cricketer
* Greg Wood (footballer) (born 1953), Australian footballer for Melbourne
* Greg Wood (guitarist), former guitarist for the band Punchline
* Greg Wood (magician), Canadian magician
* Greg Wood (racing driver), racing driver who competed in the 2009 Pickup Truck Racing season
# Crvenka (disambiguation)

Crvenka is a town in Kula municipality, Serbia.
Crvenka may also refer to:
* Crvenka, Belgrade, a suburban settlement of Belgrade, Serbia
* Nova Crvenka, a village in the Kula municipality, Serbia
# Nanophyllium australianum

Nanophyllium australianum, also known as the Queensland leaf insect, is a species of leaf insect found in the Iron Range in Northern Queensland.
The type specimen for this species was discovered in 1906. It was suggested that it was a variety of Nanophyllium pygmaeum, a species native to Papua New Guinea; however, it is now recognised as Nanophyllium australianum. Phyllium monteithei is the second species of Australian native leaf insect, other than Nanophyllium australianum. As with many species of Nanophyllium, only males were discovered, which explains the enigmatic and elusive nature of these species.
There is a limited amount of information available regarding this species. In 2023, Minibeast wildlife received a donation of a female Nanophyllium australianum from the Iron Range. The female laid eggs, and they have successfully hatched. Additionally, in 1986, a male nymph was collected near Mount Tozer, and taken to Canberra. It was kept alive by feeding on pyracantha.
Males appear black in colour, mimicking certain wasp species. Females appear a greenish colour, however this can change depending on the colour of their surroundings.

## Diet

This species is known to feed on Cape ironwood and Pyracantha.
# Idham

Idham is an Indonesian and Malaysian name. Notable people with the name include:

## Given name

* Idham Azis (born 1963), Indonesian police general
* Idham Chalid (1921–2010), Indonesian politician and minister

## Middle name

* Very Idham Henyansyah (born 1978), Indonesian convicted serial killer, also known as Ryan
* Khairul Idham Pawi (born 1998), Malaysian motorcycle racer
# Lodge School

Lodge School may refer to
* The Lodge School, Barbados, a public secondary school
* Lodge School (Malaysia), a private school
* Lodge School (United Kingdom), the association between Commonweal Lodge, Silverdene Lodge and Downside Lodge
# Megapede

Megapede is a Centipede clone for the ZX Spectrum programmed by Andrew Beale and published by Softek in 1983. Beale also wrote a Berzerk clone, Robon, for the Spectrum.

## Reception

CRASH magazine: "Softek’s version of the noble creepy-crawlie game is just about as good as any. Here the scorpion lends to drop fleas rather as though they were bombs, which makes an interesting variation. Machine Code, nice graphics, nine skill levels. Good".
# North Chelmsford, Massachusetts

North Chelmsford is an unincorporated village in the town of Chelmsford, Massachusetts, United States. Although North Chelmsford has its own zip code (01863), library, post office, fire station, water district, and local calling area, it is otherwise run by the same local town government and shares a school district with Chelmsford.
North Chelmsford is smaller and more densely populated than neighboring Chelmsford. North Chelmsford's separate identity, though not a seriously debated issue, is still a topic of discussion - the Lowell Sun ran an article on August 7, 2005, titled "Chelmsford's civil war still raging on."

## Education

Chelmsford High School is located in North Chelmsford. Most students who live in North Chelmsford go to Harrington Elementary School and later, Parker Middle School.

## Government and infrastructure

The Fay A. Rotenberg School, a juvenile correctional facility for girls operated by the Robert F. Kennedy Children's Action Corps, Inc. on behalf of the Massachusetts Department of Youth Services, first opened in North Chelmsford in 1982; this facility, which had 16 beds, was on Princeton Street, near the border with Lowell. In 2006 the school moved to its current location in Westborough.

## Geography

North Chelmsford is along the Merrimack River and Stony Brook. Freeman Lake, originally on maps as Newfield Pond (or as it used to be known, Crystal Lake, due to an ice company with the same name once located where the dam is today) sits alongside Route 40 a short distance from Vinal Square. It is also the site of Varney Park, the Chelmsford Senior Center, and the North Chelmsford Water District. In 1986 the lake was given its new name in honor of Bruce Freeman, who paid to have the dam reconstructed following its collapse in 1970 (which drained the lake).
North Chelmsford is centered on the intersection of 3A, 40, and a few local roads. This intersection is known as Vinal Square, after local World War I Private Alberton W. Vinal, who was killed in France. A stone monument is dedicated to him and Chelmsford's other World War I fatalities on the Square's common.

## Transportation

U.S. Route 3 has two signed North Chelmsford exits - one for Route 40 (Exit 86), the other for Drum Hill (Exit 84).
A Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority commuter rail station is proposed to be located in North Chelmsford should a proposed extension of the Lowell Line to Nashua, New Hampshire, be completed.

## Notable person

* Jack Eichel (born 1996), NHL player
# Longuevillette

Longuevillette (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

Longuevillette is situated 16 miles (26 km) north of Amiens, on the D31e road. To the north, the soil is mostly clayey, to the south, the soil is mostly silico-limestone. The town is placed on a plateau that separates the courses of the Somme and the Authie. Well water comes from a water table 50 meters deep.

## Environmental Policy

The community rewards the three flowers award to local efforts in favor of the environment.
# Crvenka, Belgrade

Crvenka (Serbian Cyrillic: Црвенка) is a suburban settlement of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in the Belgrade's municipality of Palilula and statistically is part of Borča.

## Location

Crvenka is located in Banat section of the municipality, half kilometer away from the left bank of the Danube, on the Batin kanal stream. It is built in the thickly forested area and surrounded by marshes of Pančevački Rit so, even being close, it can't be seen from the opposite, Zemun bank and it is not near to any other settlements of Belgrade.

## History

During the 18th century an Austrian sentry post was erected here and was named Crvenka (Serbian for red land or red place).
The settlement was built after the World War II. It developed as an experimental agricultural farm of the University of Belgrade’s Faculty of Agriculture, which is seated across the Danube, in the neighborhood of Zemun. The settlers came to Crvenka as they were needed for the work, instead of being colonized like in the other settlements in Pančevački Rit. Part of the original settlers were Germans who left for Germany in the 1960s.

## Characteristics

Part of Crvenka is a weekend-settlement which means it has no permanent population. It consists of some 100 houses, mostly owned by the residents of Zemun, even though it is located across the river, in different municipality. Public transportation bus line 104 connects Crvenka to Belgrade’s neighborhood of Bogoslovija.
The canal that flows through the settlement, Batin canal used to be broader and navigable, with colonies of wild ducks and white herons and it was used by the Belgrade's kayaking clubs for trainings. Since the canal was illegally dammed to create a path to Borča with tree trunks, the water flow was stopped, the canal began flooding the surrounding area and wild birds moved out.
Crvenka gained some public notoriety when on 2 April 2016 a murder occurred on the settlement's embankment. Little known folk singer Jelena Marjanović was murdered and the viciousness of the crime, botched investigation by the police and a fact that the crime has not been solved, turned the murder into the cause célèbre in Serbia.

## Future

In the mid 2000s, city government announced plans to urbanize the area which would be centered at Crvenka, as the core of the future „Third Belgrade“ (after „old“ Belgrade and New Belgrade). Some of the requirements for the plan to develop was the construction of the northern part of the Belgrade bypass and the Pupin Bridge, which opened in 2014. However, due to the push of the Belgrade Waterfront project, plans are halted.
# Nanophotonic scintillators

Nanophotonic scintillators are scintillating materials or structures which possess improved properties due to the manipulation of the scintillated visible light using nanophotonics.
The most common approach for using nanophotonics to improve the scintillated signal is to coat the thick bulk scintillator by a thin film (usually a 2D photonic crystal) that reduce the total internal reflected light and thus improve the amount of signal that is transmitted towards the photodetector. Thus, the coating improve the quantum yield of the scintillator, that is, the amount of visible photons that get extracted from the scintillator as a result of a single quanta of high-energy excitation. This approach can be beneficial for all scintillation applications (for example, medical imaging devices as PET-CT, airport security machines, and free-electron cameras). The best performance of this approach recently showed a 10-fold enhancement in the quantum yield in a micro-CT experiment.
Another, more recent approach, attempts to utilize the control over the intrinsic scintillation process of spontaneous emission to improve scintillation. This approach is based on the Purcell effect to enhance the spontaneous emission by manipulating the local photonic density of states. That is, instead of having an isotropic emission of light due to a high-energy radiation that reaches the scintillator, the emission itself is directional towards the location of the detector through a reduction of the emission into directions which experience total internal reflection between the scintillator and its surrounding materials (usually air). Experimental signatures of such enhancements have been reported in a cathodoluminescence experiment. The fabrication of nanophotonic scintillators also can be easier and low-cost in solution-processable perovskite (structure) scintillators as they can be patterned through nanoimprinting lithography while some perovskite materials with high refractive index already demonstrated strong Purcell effect and spontaneous emission inhibition.
# Haldimand—Norfolk—Brant (provincial electoral district)

Haldimand—Norfolk—Brant was a provincial electoral district in central Ontario, Canada that elected one Member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. It was created in 1999 from Norfolk and Brant—Haldimand. It was abolished in 2004. It was split into Haldimand—Norfolk and Brant.
The riding included all of Norfolk County, plus the town of Haldimand, the townships of Burford, Oakland and Onondaga plus the Indian reserves of New Credit and Six Nations.

## Members of Provincial Parliament

* Toby Barrett, Ontario Progressive Conservative Party (1999–2007)

## Election results

2003 Ontario general election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| Progressive Conservative | Toby Barrett | 20,109 | 46.1 | -5.09 |
| Liberal | Rob Esselment | 17,151 | 39.32 | -1.20 |
| New Democratic | Prue Steiner | 4,720 | 10.82 | +5.06 |
| Green | Graeme Dunn | 1,088 | 2.49 | +1.58 |
| Family Coalition | Barra L. Gots | 548 | 1.26 | -0.03 |
1999 Ontario general election :
| Candidate | Votes | % |
| Progressive Conservative | Toby Barrett | 23,124 | 51.19 | - |
| Liberal | Doug Miller | 18,304 | 40.52 |
| New Democratic | Prue Steiner | 2,600 | 5.76 | - |
| Family Coalition | Barra L. Gots | 584 | 1.29 | - |
| Green | John Jaques | 413 | 0.91 |
| Natural Law | Stefan Larrass | 148 | 0.33 | |
# Lodge School (Malaysia)

Lodge School is a private school located in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia, established in 1953.
Lodge Group of Schools now operates under four different entities, namely:
* Lodge Kindergarten (Tadika Lodge T.1006)
* Lodge International School (Sekolah Antarabangsa Lodge SAS.1013)
* Lodge Primary School (Sekolah Rendah Lodge SRS.1008)
* Lodge Secondary School (Sekolah Menengah Lodge SMS.1020)
# Raphael Thoene

Raphael Dominique Thoene (born 17 March 1980) is a German composer and musicologist.

## Biography

Raphael D. Thoene obtained a degree in Composition (Robert Schumann Hochschule in Düsseldorf, Germany) and Music Theory (Folkwang Hochschule in Essen, Germany). A scholarship recipient, he studied Film Scoring and Composition at the Berklee College of Music, Boston (USA). He also received a PhD in Musicology at the University of Music and Performing Arts and the University of Vienna, Austria, writing his PhD thesis on Malcolm Arnold’s symphonic music. As a composer, orchestrator and pianist, Thoene received commissions for the Orchesterakademie NRW, the International Contemporary Music Festival Ensemblia in 2005 and the Niederrheinischer Musikherbst in 2006. He orchestrates film and theatre music, and is the author of the musical "Culture", and co-author of the chamber-opera "Der Herr Gevatter" (staged in Saarbrücken, Düsseldorf and Munich).
He is currently on faculty as a Lecturer in Music Theory at the Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien Hannover (Germany).

## Works (a selection)

* Brass Symphony No. I for Brass Band, opus 49
* Poèmes dramatique for chamber ensemble, opus 99, based upon the chamber-opera "Der Herr Gevatter"
* Concerto for Violin and Orchestra, opus 108
* Concertino for Trumpet and Orchestra, opus 109
* Sinfonia Concertante for String Orchestra, opus 121

## Publications

* Thoene, Raphael D. (2008-08-01). Malcolm Arnold: Symphonisches Schaffen, Stil und Ästhetik (in German). DE: Entercom Saurus Records/Edition Wissenschaft. ISBN 978-3-937748-08-5.
* Thoene, Raphael D. (2007-08-20). Malcolm Arnold - A Composer of Real Music: Symphonic Writing, Style and Aesthetics. US/DE/UK: Entercom Saurus Records/Edition Wissenschaft. ISBN 978-3-937748-06-1.
* Thoene, Raphael D. (2006-01-01). Das Instrumental-Rezitativ in den Clavierwerken Carl Ph. E. Bachs und Wilhelm F. Bach (in German). DE: GRIN. ISBN 3-638-47867-X.
* Thoene, Raphael (2005-01-01). Verwirklichung der Ideen Pestalozzis im Zeitalter von Pisa? (in German). DE: GRIN. ISBN 3-638-47868-8.
# Prisika

Prisika is a village in the municipality of Dobretići, Central Bosnia Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 19, all Croats.
# Megachile rufiscopa

Megachile rufiscopa is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Saussure in 1890.
# Norwood Park Historic District

Norwood Park Historic District may refer to
* Norwood Park Historical District, Chicago, Illinois
* Norwood Park Historic District (Asheville, North Carolina), among the National Register of Historic Places listings in Buncombe County, North Carolina
# Great Circus Parade

The Great Circus Parade is a parade of marching bands, circus wagons, clowns, performers, and animals. Between 1963 and 2009, it has been held 30 times in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and a few times in Chicago and Baraboo, Wisconsin. A fundraiser for the Circus World Museum, the parade typically draws hundreds of thousands of attendees. The parade recreates how people in the late 19th century and early 20th century gathered along stops on a circus's route to see whether a circus was worth viewing.

## Exhibits

The parade features circus wagons and animals from the Circus World Museum in Baraboo, Wisconsin and marching bands from Wisconsin. The animals and wagons travel from Baraboo to the parade locale on special circus trains. Baraboo is the original 1884 home of the Ringling Brothers Circus.
The 2009 parade exhibited 50 circus wagons, between 250 and 400 horses, and 30 bands on a two-hour long route. The chief parade clown, Ernest Borgnine, commented that he saw "nothing but miles and miles of smiles."

## History

The Great Circus Parade was founded by Chappie Fox and Ben Barkin and first held in Milwaukee in 1963. It continued annually in Milwaukee until 1973. Between 1980 and 2005, it was held in Milwaukee, Chicago or Baraboo, Wisconsin. No parade was held between 2006 and 2008.
The parade resumed in 2009, returning to Milwaukee on July 12, after a six-year hiatus, after organizers raised $1.5 million. The 2009 parade celebrated the 50th anniversary of the Circus World Museum. The animals and wagons were on display at Veteran’s Park in Milwaukee for several days before the parade. The parade followed a 3.4-mile (5.5 km) course from Milwaukee’s lakefront on Lake Michigan through Milwaukee’s downtown. The founder's nephew, Bill Fox, helped raise funds for the 2009 event, and he expects the event to be held every two to three years to allow time for fund raising.