OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Napoleonic medal

Napoleonic medals are medals including those struck by the Paris Medal Mint celebrating the accomplishments of Napoleon I of France. The exact number of these medals is not precisely known since the official records of Napoleon's reign, including the list of medals struck by the mint, were erased by King Louis XVIII. Counting medals struck in England and Italy, the total number of different medals exceeds 2,000.
The sizes of these medals vary, although most are approximately 40mm in diameter. Many were struck in copper, although silver and gold were also used. The copper medals have a patina applied, which protects the copper from eroding and makes the medal look like bronze. A single copy of most of the medals was struck in gold for Napoleon's personal collection. Many of these gold medals were sold at auction from the personal collection of Victor Bonaparte.
The most definitive catalog of Napoleonic medals was created by a collector named Bramsen in three volumes published between 1904 and 1913. This catalog identifies more than 2300 medals, including medals struck by the Paris Mint and as well as medals from other countries related to Napoleon or his reign. The most common type, known as the St. Helena Medal, was issued to French grognards who rallied to Napoleon's cause during the Hundred Days.
There are at least 26 known volumes of The Napoleon Medals by Edward Edwards. Most copies are in Museums but some are held in private hands. It is a complete series of the medals struck in France, Italy, Great Britain and Germany, from the commencement of the French Republic in 1804 to the restoration in 1815. The books were printed in (M.DCCC.XXXV11) (1837) by Henry Hering, London.
Many of the medals struck during Napoleon's reign were restruck later from the same dies. Determining when a given medal was struck is sometimes difficult. Restrikes can often be identified by a punch mark applied to the edge of the medal, which is usually denoted by the word 'BRONZE'.
# Heinrich Carl Breidenstein

Heinrich Carl Breidenstein (28 February 1796 – 12 July 1876) was a German musicologist. In Bonn he was university professor of musicology, and active in the musical life of the city.

## Life

Breidenstein was born in 1796 in Steinau an der Straße, Hesse, son of Friedrich Ernst Breidenstein, schoolteacher and organist, and his wife Juliane. He was educated at a Gymnasium in Hanau, then studied law in Berlin and later in Heidelberg, where he turned to studying philology. He became a senior teacher at the Gymnasium in Heidelberg, also joining the choral society of Anton Friedrich Justus Thibaut, a jurist and amateur musician.
Becoming interested in music through Thibaut, he gave lectures in Cologne from 1821 to 1823 on his system of harmony, described in an article in the Allgemeine Leipziger Musikzeitung: "Breidenstein pursued, in a clever presentation, a path not trodden before. He explains his system through the basic doctrines of philosophy and through the appearance of life and nature, and makes one understandable and clear by means of the other...." In 1821 he graduated at Giessen with a dissertation "On the beautiful in music".
In 1822 Breidenstein was appointed university music director at Bonn, where he was a lecturer, and from 1826 professor of musicology; it was the first time in the modern history of German universities that a chair of musicology was created. His lectures covered the history, theory, aesthetics and psychology of music.
He was active, as organizer and conductor, in the musical life of Bonn, founding an orchestra and choral society. The Beethoven Monument in Bonn, unveiled in 1845, was his suggestion.
Breidenstein died in Bonn in 1876.
# Paul Shelley (politician)

Paul J. Shelley (born July 11, 1959) is a former political figure in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. He represented Baie Verte-Springdale in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1993 to 2007 as a Progressive Conservative.
He was born in Baie Verte, the son of William Shelley, and was educated at Memorial University. Shelley worked in construction from 1977 to 1981, was technical director of the Newfoundland and Labrador Basketball Association from 1986 to 1987 and taught school in Baie Verte from 1987 to 1989. Shelley married Beverly Whitten. He served in the provincial cabinet as Minister Tourism, Culture and Recreation and Minister of Human Resources, Labour and Employment. Shelley resigned his seat in July 2007, citing family reasons.
# Grajseljići Lake

Grajseljići Lake is a lake of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located in the municipality of Ulog.
# Eurystomus

Eurystomus is a genus of roller, one of the two genera in that family of birds. The name means ‘broad mouth’, from the Greek eurus (εὐρύς, ‘broad, wide’) and stoma (στόμα, ‘mouth’).
Eurystomus contains four broad-billed species, which breed in Africa, Asia and Australasia. Two species are restricted to Africa, one of which, the broad-billed roller, is migratory. The oriental dollarbird has a large distribution ranging from India to Japan and Australia and it too, is migratory over the northern and southern extremes of its range. The final species, the azure dollarbird, is endemic to the Moluccas in Indonesia. In general they are open country foragers, occurring in woodland, savanna and farmland. The azure dollarbird and the broad-billed roller are both associated with rainforests but nevertheless require open areas in which to forage.
The species of the genus Eurystomus vary from the other genus of rollers, Coracias, in having proportionally longer wings and shorter legs. These morphological differences are reflected in differences of foraging techniques. Coracias rollers forage from a fixed perch and take prey by swooping down onto it on the ground, while the faster and more agile Eurystomus rollers catch their prey on the wing. Unlike the species of the genus Coracias, they do not perform the "rolling" display which gives the family its common name.

## Taxonomy

The genus Eurystomus was introduced in 1816 by the French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot to accommodate the Oriental dollarbird. The name is from Classical Greek eurustomos meaning "wide-mouthed".
A molecular phylogenetic study by Ulf Johansson and collaborators published in 2018 found that the azure dollarbird (Eurystomus azureus) was nested in a clade containing subspecies of the Oriental dollarbird (Eurystomus orientalis).

## Species

| Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
| Eurystomus gularis | Blue-throated roller | western sub-Saharan Africa from Guinea to Cameroon, south to northern Angola, and west to south-eastern Uganda |
| Eurystomus glaucurus | Broad-billed roller | tropical Africa and Madagascar |
| Eurystomus orientalis | Oriental dollarbird | Australia to Japan and India. |
| Eurystomus azureus | Azure dollarbird | Maluku Islands in Indonesia |
# Modoc, Illinois

Modoc is an unincorporated community in Randolph County, Illinois, United States, located four miles southeast of Prairie du Rocher under the bluffs of the Mississippi River.
The Modoc Rock Shelter, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, is located near Modoc and the Ste. Genevieve-Modoc Ferry across the Mississippi River connects Modoc and the surrounding communities with Ste. Genevieve, Missouri.
The area's population was 221 at the 2000 census.

## Geography

Modoc is located at 38°3′9″N 90°2′14″W﻿ / ﻿38.05250°N 90.03722°W﻿ / 38.05250; -90.03722 (38.0525522 -90.0373334).

## Demographics

As of the 2000 census, there were 221 people, 96 households, and 61 families residing in Modoc's ZIP Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA). The racial makeup was 98.6% White and 1.4% from two or more races.
There were 96 households, out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.2% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.5% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals living alone, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.97.
In the ZCTA the population was spread out, with 25.7% under the age of 18, 61.9% from 19 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.3 years. The population is 49.8% male and 50.2% female.
The median income for a household in the ZCTA was $34,286, and the median income for a family was $43,558. The per capita income for the ZCTA was $15,081.
# Philip Hobbs

Philip Hobbs (born 26 July 1955) is a British racehorse trainer specializing mainly in National Hunt racing. He is based at stables near Minehead, Somerset.
His biggest wins have come with Flagship Uberalles in the 2002 Queen Mother Champion Chase, Rooster Booster in the 2003 Champion Hurdle, Detroit City in the 2006 Triumph Hurdle and Massini's Maguire in the 2007 Ballymore Properties Novices' Hurdle. He has also trained flat race winners, notably winning the 2006 Cesarewitch Handicap with Detroit City. Dream Alliance Welsh cup winner.
He was played by Nicholas Farrell in the 2020 film Dream Horse about Dream Alliance.
He had his 3,000th winner at Newbury on 11 February 2023 with Zanza.

## Cheltenham winners (19)

* Champion Hurdle - (1) Rooster Booster (2003)
* Queen Mother Champion Chase - (1) Flagship Uberalles (2002)
* Supreme Novices' Hurdle - (1) Menorah (2010)
* Arkle Challenge Trophy - (1) Captain Chris (2011)
* Baring Bingham Novices' Hurdle - (1) Massini's Maguire (2007)
* Triumph Hurdle - (3) Made in Japan (2004), Detroit City (2006), Defi du Seuil (2017)
* RSA Insurance Novices' Chase - (1) One Knight (2003)
* Champion Bumper - (1) Cheltenian (2011)
* Golden Miller Novices' Chase - (1) Defi du Seuil (2019)
* Coral Cup - (2) What's Up Boys (2000), Monkerhostin (2004)
* Glenfarclas Cross Country Chase - (2) Balthazar King (2012, 2014)
* County Handicap Hurdle - (1) Rooster Booster (2002)
* Centenary Novices' Handicap Chase - (1) Copper Bleu (2010)
* Pertemps Final - (1) Fingal Bay (2014)
* Johnny Henderson Grand Annual Chase - (1) Kibreet (1996)

## Major wins

Great Britain
* Tingle Creek Chase - (2) Flagship Uberalles (2001), Defi Du Seuil (2019)
* Henry VIII Novices' Chase - (1) Fair Along (2006)
* Finale Juvenile Hurdle - (1) Defi Du Seuil (2016)
* Challow Novices' Hurdle - (3) Bonanza Boy (1987). Fingal Bay (2012), Thyme Hill (2020)
* Kauto Star Novices' Chase - (1) Thyme Hill (2022)
* Clarence House Chase - (1) Defi Du Seuil (2020)
* Scilly Isles Novices' Chase - (2) Defi Du Seuil (2019), Sporting John (2021)
* Ascot Chase - (1) Captain Chris (2014)
* Manifesto Novices' Chase - (2) Wishfull Thinking (2011), Menorah (2012)
* Anniversary 4-Y-O Novices' Hurdle - (2) Detroit City (2006), Defi Du Seuil (2017)
* Top Novices' Hurdle - (3) Phardante Flyer (2000), Ilico II (2001), In Contrast (2002)
* Mildmay Novices' Chase - (1) What's Up Boys (2001)
* Liverpool Hurdle - (1) Thyme Hill (2021)
Welsh Grand National - Dream Alliance (2009)
Ireland
* Punchestown Gold Cup - (1) Planet of Sound (2010)
* Punchestown Champion Chase - (1) Flagship Uberalles (2003)
* Ryanair Novice Chase - (1) Captain Chris (2011)
# Makeléer

The Makeléers are Swedish House of Nobility family 513. The earliest member was Hans Makeléer, 1st Baronet (1604-1666) who migrated to Sweden from Scotland.
Makeléer may refer to:
* David Makeléer, 1st Friherre (1646-1708), first governor of Älvsborg County, Sweden
* Hans Makeléer, 1st Baronet (1604-1666), Lord of Gåsevadholm, Hageby, and Hammersöö
* Johan Makeléer, 2nd Baronet (c1625–c1696), member of the Gothenburg Court of Justice
* Jacob Makeléer (died 1663), Oratio de invidia & mutabilitate fortunæ
# Nathaniel Dett Chorale

The Nathaniel Dett Chorale is a Canadian choral group that specializes in Afrocentric music of all styles including classical, spirituals, gospel, jazz, folk and blues. It is named after the Canadian-born Black composer and musician R. Nathaniel Dett (1882–1943), who had a long teaching career in the United States. The group has performed in the Maritimes, Quebec, Manitoba, Western Canada, the United States and in France. The Chorale has been supported by the Canada Council for the Arts.

## Nathaniel Dett

Canadian-born Black musician and composer Nathaniel Dett studied piano as a child. He worked as a church organist in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada from 1898 to 1903. He graduated from Oberlin College with a Bachelor of Music in 1908, and later studied composition with the French composer Nadia Boulanger. Dett taught at Lane College in Jackson, Mississippi; Hampton Institute in Virginia; Samuel Houston College in Austin, Texas; and Bennett College in Greensboro, North Carolina. At the Eastman School of Music he earned a Master of Music degree in 1932. He won prizes from Harvard University for his article entitled The Emancipation of Negro Music and for a motet, "Don't Be Weary, Traveller". Dett edited several published collections of folk songs and spirituals, and served as president of the National Association of Negro Musicians from 1924 to 1926.

## History

The Chorale was founded in 1998 by Brainerd Blyden-Taylor, who continues to be the director of the group.
As well as touring throughout Canada, the Chorale also performed at the Pollyfolia choral festival in France in 2004 and at the U.S. Library of Congress in 2007.
In 2009, the group performed at the inauguration of Barack Obama.
# Hemipachnobia

Hemipachnobia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

## Species

* Hemipachnobia monochromatea (Morrison, 1874)
* Hemipachnobia subporphyrea (Walker, 1858)
# Heinsius (crater)

Heinsius is an eroded lunar impact crater that lies in the southwestern part of the Moon. It is named after German astronomer Gottfried Heinsius. It is located to the northwest of the prominent crater Tycho, and rays from that formation pass to the north and south of Heinsius as well as marking the rim and interior with material. To the south-southwest of Heinsius is the larger walled plain Wilhelm.
The southern part of this crater has been heavily damaged by subsequent impacts. Both Heinsius B and Heinsius C lie across the southern and southwestern rim, while Heinsius A is located in the southern interior floor. Together these three satellite craters form a triangular arrangement with the rims only separated by a few kilometers from each other. If Heinsius possessed a central peak, it is now covered by the outer rampart of Heinsius A.
The northern half of the rim is in better shape, although still worn and rounded due to impact erosion. There is a wide shelf along the northeastern inner wall. A small craterlet lies exactly on the northwestern rim. The northern interior floor is relatively level and featureless.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Heinsius.
| Heinsius | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| A | 39.7° S | 17.6° W | 20 km |
| B | 40.0° S | 18.6° W | 23 km |
| C | 40.6° S | 17.9° W | 23 km |
| D | 38.8° S | 20.7° W | 7 km |
| E | 37.8° S | 19.5° W | 17 km |
| F | 40.5° S | 19.7° W | 7 km |
| G | 38.3° S | 14.5° W | 11 km |
| H | 37.4° S | 18.5° W | 8 km |
| J | 39.3° S | 20.4° W | 8 km |
| K | 38.5° S | 18.5° W | 5 km |
| L | 41.2° S | 18.4° W | 8 km |
| M | 40.9° S | 15.3° W | 14 km |
| N | 37.3° S | 14.7° W | 7 km |
| O | 38.8° S | 14.8° W | 5 km |
| P | 39.4° S | 13.8° W | 40 km |
| Q | 39.9° S | 14.5° W | 35 km |
| R | 40.2° S | 20.7° W | 5 km |
| S | 39.6° S | 16.9° W | 7 km |
| T | 39.7° S | 16.5° W | 7 km |
# Paul Singer

Paul Singer may refer to:
* Paul Singer (public servant), Australian public servant, Official Secretary to the Governor-General of Australia
* Paul Singer (politician) (1844–1911), German politician, co-leader of the SPD
* Paul Singer (economist) (1932–2018), Austrian-born Brazilian economist and scholar
* Paul Singer (businessman) (born 1944), American founder of hedge fund Elliott Management Corporation
* Paul Singer (American football) (born 1966), American football player
# Grand Hyatt Shanghai

The Grand Hyatt Shanghai (simplified Chinese: 金茂君悦大酒店; traditional Chinese: 金茂君悅大酒店; pinyin: Jīnmào Jūnyuè dàjiǔdiàn) is a hotel located in the Pudong area of Shanghai. It is operated by the Hyatt Hotels Corporation, based in Chicago.
The 548-room hotel occupies the 53rd to 87th floors of the 88-storey Jin Mao Tower. The hotel was the highest hotel in the world with the hotel lobby located on the 54th floor until the Park Hyatt opened in the neighbouring Shanghai World Financial Center. The hotel features a 33-storey atrium.

## Features

The hotel offers views of The Bund, a stretch of restored historical buildings, along the Huangpu River. Eighteen different room styles are offered.
The Hyatt's barrel-vaulted atrium starts at the 56th floor and extends upwards to the 87th. Lined with 28 annular corridors and staircases arrayed in a spiral, it is 27 m (89 ft) in diameter with a clear height of approximately 115 m (377 ft).
# Eurysticta kununurra

Eurysticta kununurra is a species of damselfly in the family Isostictidae, commonly known as a Kimberley pin. It has been recorded in the Kimberley region in Western Australia, where it inhabits rivers.
Eurysticta kununurra is a small to medium-sized damselfly, pale brown in colour with a pair of bronze-green bands on its back behind its head.

## Gallery

* Female wings
* Male wings
# Phantasie (series)

Phantasie is a fantasy role-playing video game series designed by Winston Douglas Wood and published by Strategic Simulations in 1985. It was released for the Apple II, Atari 8-bit computers, Atari ST, Amiga, Commodore 64, MS-DOS, and MSX.

## Phantasie

Based on the Isle of Gelnor, Phantasie allows a group of six characters to adventure the countryside and try to defeat the evil Black Knights and their sorcerer leader, Nikademus. Players could choose to be one of six character classes (Thief, Fighter, Ranger, Monk, Priest and Wizard) and could also choose between the races of Human, Dwarf, Halfling, Elf or Gnome. By selecting "Random" one could also choose from ogre, troll, pixie, gnoll, orc, lizard man, minotaur, and other races.

## Phantasie II

In 1986, SSI published the next part of the series, Phantasie II. Again, the Dark Lord Nikademus was the nemesis. This time Nikademus had fashioned an evil orb, and with it he cast a curse on a beautiful island named Ferronrah and enslaved its people. The player's mission was to find and destroy the orb.

## Phantasie III: The Wrath of Nikademus

The "final" installment of the trilogy was based around fighting the evil Nikademus and finishing him for good. Released in 1987, this time Nikademus was attempting to take over the entire world and it was up to the party to stop him.

## Phantasie IV: Birth of Heroes

This entry was a Japan-exclusive for the PC-9801 and MSX, with no English translation.

## Reception

With more than 50,000 copies sold in North America, Phantasie was very successful for SSI. It was the company's best-selling Commodore game as of late 1987. Phantasie II sold 30,100 copies, while Phantasie III sold 46,113 copies.
Phantasie I, Phantasie III, and Questron II were later re-released together, and reviewed in 1994 in Dragon #203 by Sandy Petersen in the "Eye of the Monitor" column. Petersen gave the compilation 2 out of 5 stars.
# Symmimetis kolopis

Symmimetis kolopis is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found on Borneo. The habitat consists of upper montane forests.
The length of the forewings is 10–11 mm. Adults are rufous brown with a paler, yellowish ground colour.
# Hemiopinae

Hemiopinae is a subfamily of click beetles in the family Elateridae. There are at least four genera in Hemiopinae.

## Genera

These four genera belong to the subfamily Hemiopinae:
* Exoeolus Broun, 1893
* Hemiops Laporte, 1838
* Legna Walker, 1858
* Parhemiops Candèze, 1878
# Helge Uuetoa

Helge Uuetoa (16 April 1936 – 16 August 2008) was an Estonian painter, illustrator, and stage and film set designer.

## Career

Helge Uuetoa graduated from the Estonian State Art Institute (now, the Estonian Academy of Arts) in 1960. Afterward, she worked as a stage designer at the Estonian Drama Theatre in Tallinn from 1971 until 1977, and at the Rakvere Theatre and Eesti Televisioon from 1973 until 1988.

## Death

On 16 August 2008, police were called to Uuetoa's apartment in Tallinn where they found her beaten to death. She was 72. Police subsequently arrested her son Mart (her only child), and he was charged with her murder. She was buried at the Metsakalmistu cemetery in Tallinn.
# Paul Sindelar

Paul Sindelar is an American professor. He is professor emeritus of the department of special education at the University of Florida.
Sindelar attended Dartmouth College, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1969. He then attended the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, where he earned a Master of Science degree in 1974, and the University of Minnesota, where he earned his Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1977. He was distinguished professor in the department of special education of University of Florida. He retired in 2022.
# Grand Hyatt Singapore

Grand Hyatt Singapore, formerly known as Hyatt Regency Singapore and the Singapore Hyatt Hotel, is a hotel on Scotts Road in the Central Area of Singapore.

## History

The hotel was constructed in 1970. At the time of its completion, it was the largest hotel in Southeast Asia. 200 of the hotel's rooms, as well as the reception area, a bar and the Garden Terrace coffeehouse opened in March 1971, with the rest of the hotel being fully completed by May. The hotel was officially opened by then Minister of Social Affairs Othman Wok on 2 October, with Aw Cheng Hu, the wife of Lee Chee San, the managing director of Chung Khiaw Bank, performing the dedication ceremony. By 1979, the hotel had become the Hyatt Regency Singapore.
In January 1980, plans for a $30 million, which would increase the number of rooms by 451, were approved. The hotel's lifts were computerised in March 1983. Its rooms were refurbished in May. In December 1987, a training centre was established in the hotel in order to train staff. From 1990 to 1998, the hotel underwent major renovations, after which it became the Grand Hyatt Singapore. The hotel's lobby was remodelled in 2003.
The hotel began renovations in October 2021. The hotel temporarily closed on 19 September 2022 due to the renovations.
# Ewen MacAskill

Ewen MacAskill (born 1951) is a Scottish journalist. He worked for 22 years on The Guardian, ending his career in September 2018 as the newspaper's defence and intelligence correspondent. MacAskill was involved in preparing the publication disclosures from Edward Snowden of the activities of the American National Security Agency (NSA).

## Career

MacAskill was a political editor for The Scotsman for six years (1990–96) before becoming chief political correspondent for The Guardian. In 2007, he was named Washington DC bureau chief.
While based in the United States, he was involved in preparing the Edward Snowden revelations concerning the NSA for publication liaising with Snowden and his contact, Glenn Greenwald, who had brought the story to the attention of then GuardianUS editor Janine Gibson. As a result of his reporting on Global surveillance disclosures, he was named co-recipient of the 2013 George Polk Award. The same reporting also contributed to the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service awarded jointly to The Guardian and The Washington Post in April 2014. MacAskill's retirement from The Guardian was announced on 22 September 2018.
MacAskill is portrayed by British actor Tom Wilkinson in the Edward Snowden biopic Snowden, directed by Oliver Stone and starring Joseph Gordon-Levitt as Snowden.
# Monaco at the 2000 Summer Olympics

Monaco competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia.

## Results by event
### Swimming

Men's 100 m breaststroke
* Sylvain Faure
   * Preliminary Heat – 1:05.51 (→ did not advance)
# Philip Pedlar

Philip Pedlar (born 30 April 1899, date of death unknown) was a Welsh professional footballer who played as a full back.