OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ray Nettles

Ray Nettles (August 1, 1949 – September 29, 2009) was a football linebacker at the University of Tennessee who played professional Canadian football from 1972 to 1980. He was a five-time Canadian Football League (FL) All-Star and Hall of Famer.

## Early years

Nettles was born in Jacksonville, Florida and graduated from Englewood High School in 1968. In his senior year, he was Duval County defensive player of the year and third team All-State.
Nettles accepted a scholarship to the University of Tennessee but spent his first two years as backup to two-time Pro Bowler Jack Reynolds. In the two seasons that Nettles started as linebacker, Tennessee's record was 21–3 and he was named to the All-SEC team in 1971.

## Professional career

The Miami Dolphins drafted him in 1972, but he chose the CFL because they offered twice as much money and the opportunity to play immediately. At Miami, he would have competed for a starting job against All-Pro linebacker Nick Buoniconti. Nettles was quoted in a 1999 Florida Times-Union article, "It's not like I was afraid to play in the NFL. I could have had success there, but I already waited my turn behind Jack Reynolds at Tennessee, and I didn't want to do that again. I wanted to prove myself right away."
Nettles started his pro career for the BC Lions in 1972 and was named to the All-Star team his first year. In his second year, he won the 1973 CFL's Most Outstanding Lineman Award and was again named to the All-Star team. He remained with the Lions through the 1976 season, then played for the Toronto Argonauts in 1977, the Hamilton Tiger-Cats in 1978, the Ottawa Rough Riders in 1979, and the Calgary Stampeders in 1980. He was inducted into the Canadian Football Hall of Fame in 2005.

## Personal life

While playing football, Nettles was known as a tough guy with long hair who partied hard and drove fast motorcycles. His profile on the Canadian Football Hall of Fame website states: "He became known as much for his colourful off field personality as for his on field feistiness." Nettles struggled throughout much of his adult life with alcohol and cocaine additions, which contributed to three divorces and multiple attempts at rehabilitation. He was finally successful in November 2008 after a six-week stay at Willingway Hospital. He explained his attitude in a July 2009 interview:
   In my mind, I wasn't suppose [sic] to live past 50, so I didn't take rehabilitation seriously the first few times I tried it. I was always standing on the edge, looking over a cliff, but stepping backwards. A few times, I slipped and saw a couple of the rocks fall and God spared me many times. I just never could figure out why until this past year.
As part of his sobriety, Nettles became a Christian and regained self-respect and dignity, which allowed him to live his final months at peace.

## Death

Nettles died at a hospice in Jacksonville, Florida on September 29, 2009, after a long battle with liver and lung cancer.
# Mechi Bridge

The Mechi Bridge (Nepali: मेची पुल) is a bridge that connects Nepal from the Jhapa District to the Darjeeling district in West Bengal, India. Built over Mechi River, this bridge is considered an Eastern Trade point between Nepal and India. It was inaugurated in January 2019.

## Location

Connecting Kakarbhitta Town and Panitanki Bazaar, this bridge is located at Jhapa District of Koshi Province, Nepal and Darjeeling district of West Bengal, India. It is around 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of the trade city Birtamod and around 110 kilometres (68 mi) kilometers from the capital of Province No. 1, Biratnagar. It is around 26 kilometres (16 mi) from Siliguri Town of West Bengal.

## Construction

The Mechi Bridge was constructed by India's National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (NHIDCL) and the EPC contractor was Dineshchandra R. Agrawal Infracon Private Limited (DRA Infracon).

## Connection with highways

The Mechi Bridge connects National Highway 327B and Mahendra Highway, which are also part of Asian Highway (AH2).
# Werawala

Werawala is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# Polydrusus mollis

Polydrusus mollis is a species of weevil native to Europe.
# Haydarköy, Alaca

Haydarköy is a village in the Alaca District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 56 (2022). The village is populated by Kurds.
# Hajderovići

Hajderovići is a village in the municipality of Zavidovići, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 1,784.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 1,768 | 99.7% |
| other/undeclared | 16 | 0.3% |
| Total | 1,784 | 100% |
# Plankstadt

Plankstadt (German: ) is a municipality in the district of Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
# McNeil Island Corrections Center

The McNeil Island Corrections Center (MICC) was a prison in the northwest United States, operated by the Washington State Department of Corrections. It was on McNeil Island in Puget Sound in unincorporated Pierce County, near Steilacoom, Washington.
Opened in 1875, it had previously served as a territorial correctional facility and then a federal penitentiary. Americans sentenced to terms of imprisonment by the United States courts that operated in China in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries served their terms at McNeil Island. In the 1910s, inmates included Robert Stroud, the "Birdman of Alcatraz", who fatally stabbed a prison guard in March 1916.
During World War II, eighty-five Japanese Americans who had resisted the draft to protest their wartime confinement, including civil rights activist Gordon Hirabayashi, were sentenced to prison terms at McNeil; all were pardoned by President Harry S. Truman in 1947. Career criminal and novelist James Fogle was sent to McNeil at the age of 17 in the 1950s.
The State of Washington began to lease the facility from the federal government in 1981, and later that year the state department of corrections began moving prisoners into the facility, renamed "McNeil Island Corrections Center." The island was deeded to the state government in 1984.
In November 2010, the department announced its plans to close the penitentiary by 2011, saving $14 million in the process.

## Notable inmates

* Alvin Karpis, Depression-era gangster
* Tomoya Kawakita, war criminal and collaborator with Imperial Japan
* Gordon Hirabayashi, resister against Japanese American internment during World War II
* Mickey Cohen, 1930s Los Angeles gang leader
* Robert Franklin Stroud, "The Birdman of Alcatraz" convicted murderer and cause célèbre
* Alton Wayne Roberts, convicted by United States v. Price of the murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner
* Vincent Hallinan, 1952 presidential candidate
* Charles Manson of the Manson Family
* John David Norman, pedophile, sex offender and sex trafficker
* Anselmo L. Figueroa, Mexican anarchist
# José Antonio Conde

José Antonio Conde y García (28 October 1766–12 June 1820) was a Spanish Orientalist and historian of Al-Andalus period. His Anacreon (1791) obtained him a post in the royal library in 1795. He also published several paraphrases of Greek classics. These were followed in 1799 by an edition of the Arabic text of Muhammad al-Idrisi's Description of Spain, with notes and a translation. As an afrancesado, he fled Spain in 1813, but returned a year later and was eventually reinstated to his honors. His magnum opus, the three-volume Historia de la Dominación de los Árabes en España, was published after his death.

## Career

Conde was educated at the University of Alcalá. He published a translation of the works of the Greek poet Anacreon in 1795. In 1796–1797, he published paraphrases from Theocritus, Bion, Moschus, Sappho and Meleager. In 1799, these were followed by an edition of the Arabic text of Muhammad al-Idrisi's Description of Spain, with notes and a translation, making him among the first modern western historians to translate an important Arabic text. Conde became a member of the Spanish Academy in 1802. He succeeded Tomás Antonio Sánchez de Uribe to the so-called G seat. Conde was a member also of Academy of Sciences and Letters of Berlin.
In 1804, Conde was accepted to membership of the Royal Academy of History, but his appointment as interpreter to Joseph Bonaparte and his being an afrancesado (French sympathizer) led to his expulsion from both the Academy of History and the Spanish Academy in 1814. He escaped to France in 1813, but returned a year later. He was not permitted to reside at Madrid until 1816. Two years later he was re-elected to his former seats by both academies.
Conde died in poverty on the 12 June 1820. George Ticknor, American Hispanist at Harvard University and several Spanish friends Leandro Fernández de Moratín, Francisco Martínez de la Rosa and Agustín Argüelles paid his funeral expenses.

## Personal information

Conde born at La Peraleja, Cuenca, in present-day Spain on 28 October 1766. He married a 20-year-old cousin of Leandro Fernández de Moratin, who died in childbirth in September 1817.

## Legacy

His major work, Historia de la Dominación de los Árabes en España, was published in 1820–1821. He completed only the first volume before his death. Juan Tineo compiled volumes two and three from Conde's manuscript. This work was translated into German (1824–1825), French (1825) and English (1854). Although it has since been superseded by other works, Conde's work stimulated others in the same field and in the context of time it was considered a valuable work.
Another of Conde's works was his translation and annotation of Thekr al Andalus taleef Sherif Aledris / Descripción de España de Xerif Aledris, conocido por El Nubiense, first published in Madrid by the Imprenta Real in 1799.
# Ray L. Brock Jr.

Ray Leonard Brock Jr. (September 21, 1922 – September 26, 2002) was a justice of the Tennessee Supreme Court from 1974 to 1987, serving for a time as chief justice.

## Education and career

Born in McDonald, Tennessee, Brock attended the Citadel, the University of Tennessee in Knoxville and the University of Colorado, and then served in the U.S. Army during World War II, from 1942 to 1944. He received an LL.B. from Duke University in 1948 and entered the practice of law in Chattanooga, Tennessee the same year.
In 1963, Governor Frank G. Clement appointed Brock to a seat on the Hamilton County, Tennessee County Chancery Court, to which Brock was elected in 1964 and reelected in 1966, remaining in that position until his election to the Tennessee Supreme Court in 1974. On July 1, 1979, he was elected chief justice. He was reelected to the Supreme Court in 1982, remaining until his retirement on June 15, 1987.

## Personal life

Brock married Juanita Barker of Hixson, Tennessee, with whom he had two daughters. He died in a hospital in Chattanooga from diabetes, at the age of 80.
# Mbongolwane

Mbongolwane is a town in Uthungulu District Municipality in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa.
Mbongolwane district hospital is located in this town.
# Werauhia williamsii

Werauhia williamsii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Werauhia. It is a terrestrial bromeliad, native the montane forests of Costa Rica and western Panama.
It inhabits the Talamancan montane forests ecoregion, where it grows in the shrub understory of upper montane forests, from approximately 2,300 to 3,200 meters elevation.
# Polydrusus pterygomalis

Polydrusus pterygomalis is a species of weevil native to Europe.
# George Schaeffer

George Harrison Schaeffer was an American football player, coach of football, basketball, and baseball, and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Tempe Normal School, now Arizona State University, from 1914 to 1916, compiling a record of 7–8. Schaeffer was also the head basketball coach at Tempe Normal for the 1914–15 and 1916–17 seasons and the school's baseball coach from 1915 to 1917. He played football at Gettysburg College, graduating in 1914, and also attended Pennsylvania State College.

## Head coaching record
### Football

| Year | Team | Overall |
| Tempe Normal Owls (Independent) (1914–1916) ||||||
| 1914 | Tempe Normal | 4–3 |
| 1915 | Tempe Normal | 3–2 |
| 1916 | Tempe Normal | 0–3 |
| Tempe Normal: | Tempe Normal: | 7–8 |
| Total: | Total: | 7–8 |
# Futagozuka Kofun (Fukuyama)

Futagozuka Kofun (二子塚古墳) is a Kofun period keyhole-shaped burial mound, located in the Nakashima Ekiyacho neighborhood of the city of Fukuyama, Hiroshima in the San'yō region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2009. It is noted for the large quantity of grave goods discovered.

## Overview

The Futagozuka Kofun is a zenpō-kōen-fun (前方後円墳), which is shaped like a keyhole, having one square end and one circular end, when viewed from above. It is located on a low hill about 50 meters above sea level orientated west-southwest.The ancient San'yōdō highway passes through the southern foot of the tumulus, and it is located at a strategic point for east–west traffic The tumulus is 68 meters long, with a posterior circular diameter of 41 meters, anterior width of 30 meters, and six meters in height. It is surrounded by a moat ranging from 1.6 to four meters in width and 1.8 meters deep. No haniwa or fukiishi were present at the site. The tumulus contains burial chambers in both its anterior and posterior portions. The passage to the anterior burial chamber is 12.5 meters long, making it one of the largest in the prefecture. The sarcophagus is made of tuff stone quarried in Harima Province. From 2002 to 2005, the Fukuyama City Board of Education conducted an archaeological excavation, finding that the sarcophagus had been damaged by grave robbers in antiquity and that the burial chamber had been considerably disturbed. Iron nails were found in the back of the burial chamber, suggesting that a wooden coffin was placed separately from the sarcophagus. Despite the robbery and lack of relic in situ, a considerable quantity of grave goods were still found.
These include weapons such as a gilt-bronze double dragon ring pommel from an iron sword, iron spears, and iron arrowheads, horse gear such as saddle fittings, iron nails, and knives. The gilt-bronze twin dragon ring pommel has a design in which two dragons face each other and each holds a ball in its mouth, which is unique in Japan. As for earthenware, both Haji ware and Sue ware were excavated from various places in the chamber.The sue ware was identified as coming from kilns in Izumi Province, and date the first burial in the burial chamber to the end of the 6th century to the beginning of the 7th century. In addition, it is highly likely that additional burials were carried out in the early to mid 7th century, making this one of the final Kofun to be used in western Japan.
In the Bizen and Bitchū Provinces, huge keyhole-shaped burial mounds were built in the early and middle Kofun period, but in Bingo Province, this burial mound suddenly appeared at a later date. The fact that the sarcophagus was made of Tatsuyama stone from Harima, which was used for keyhole-shaped burial mounds in the Kinai region, instead of the locally mined wave-shaped stone indicates a strong connection with the Yamato regime in the former Kingdom of Kibi around the 7th century.
The site is open to the public at all times, but is privately owned. It is located about eight minutes on foot from Chikata Station on the JR West Fukuen Line.
# Dudley North

Dudley North may refer to:
* Dudley North, 3rd Baron North (1581–1666), English nobleman and politician
* Dudley North, 4th Baron North (1602–1677), English nobleman and politician, son of the above
* Sir Dudley North (economist) (1641–1691), English economist, son of the above
* Dudley North (politician, born 1684) (1684–1730), English landowner and politician, son of the above
* Dudley Long North (1748–1829), English Whig politician, great-grandson of the economist
* Sir Dudley North (Royal Navy officer) (1881–1961), Royal Navy admiral
* Dudley North (UK Parliament constituency)
# José Antonio Chang

José Antonio Chang Escobedo (born 19 May 1958) is a Peruvian politician of Chinese descent who was the Prime Minister of Peru from 2010 to 2011, appointed by President Alan García. He was also Minister of Education until he resigned both cabinet positions on March 18, 2011. Chang replaced Javier Velásquez as part of a cabinet reshuffle. Chang was the second Chinese-Peruvian Prime Minister, the first being Víctor Joy Way in 1999 during the administration of President Alberto Fujimori. He currently serves as a Rector of the University of San Martín de Porres.

## Education

Chang Escobedo studied in Lima, at the Great Melitón Carvajal School Unit. He entered and graduated from the Federico Villarreal National University with a degree in industrial engineering, and obtained a Master of Education degree in the specialty of Educational Computing and Technology from the University of Hartford, Connecticut, in the United States of America. He has also studied Administration and Organization at ESAN.

## University of San Martín de Porres

José Antonio Chang Escobedo was the first dean of the Faculty of Computer Engineering and Systems of the University of San Martín de Porres, considering him the manager of the transformation of said faculty and later of the university of which he was rector from 1996, until he requested leave in 2006 to occupy the position of Minister of Education. During his tenure, the USMP began an infrastructure renovation program that has allowed it to have modern campuses equipped with state-of-the-art technology in all its specialties. In 2001, an investigative sub-commission of the Congress of the Republic that analyzed the complaints of irregularities in said university, recommended that they be renewed to the authorities. Since then, 14 years have passed and José Antonio Chang continues to lead the San Martín University, which in 2012 reported total income of S / .372 million. On the other hand, under his leadership, international accreditation processes were initiated in all the university's faculties and schools, which has allowed 16 professional careers, 31 master's degrees and 6 doctorates offered by the university to have international accreditations at the beginning of 2012. He was re-elected for the third time as rector of said house of studies in 2011. Previously: 1996, 2001, 2006, and lately, 2011.
# Infrahumanisation

Infrahumanisation (or infrahumanization) is the tacitly held belief that one's ingroup is more human than an outgroup, which is less human. The term was coined by Jacques-Philippe Leyens and colleagues in the early 2000s to distinguish what they argue to be an everyday phenomenon from dehumanisation (denial of humanness) associated with extreme intergroup violence such as genocide. According to Leyens and colleagues, infrahumanisation arises when people view their ingroup and outgroup as essentially different (different in essence) and accordingly reserve the "human essence" for the ingroup and deny it to the outgroup. Whether a "subhuman" classification means "human but inferior" or "not human at all" may be academic, as in practice it corresponds to prejudice regardless (for example, compare the Nazi idea of the Untermensch).
The belief that the outgroup is less human than the ingroup is seldom consciously endorsed by individuals and instead is reflected in the way people tacitly think about the outgroup. Researchers have typically investigated infrahumanisation by looking at the types of emotions people believe ingroup and outgroup members possess. Some emotions are considered unique to humans (e.g., love, regret, nostalgia), whereas others are viewed as common to both humans and animals (e.g., joy, anger, sadness). In a series of studies, Leyens and colleagues have widely replicated the finding that people attribute uniquely human emotions to the ingroup, but not the outgroup. According to infrahumanisation theory, the denial of uniquely human emotions to the outgroup is reflective of the belief that they are less human than the ingroup.
Recent research has investigated how infrahumanisation influences behaviour. In a series of studies, Jeroen Vaes and his colleagues investigated people's reactions to outgroup members who attempt to "humanise" themselves through the use of uniquely human emotions. They found that ingroup members reacted negatively to outgroup members' attempts to humanise, offering less help and withdrawing faster than when the same uniquely human emotion was expressed by an ingroup member or when the outgroup member expressed a non-uniquely human emotion. In an American context, Cuddy and colleagues have investigated the influence of infrahumanisation on intergroup helping behaviour. Examining helping in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, Cuddy et al. found that people believed outgroup members experienced less negative uniquely human emotions than ingroup members. The more participants infrahumanised the outgroup member, the less likely they were to help.
# Rathfranpark Wedge Tomb

Rathfranpark Wedge Tomb is a wedge-shaped gallery grave and National Monument located in County Mayo, Ireland.

## Location

Rathfranpark Wedge Tomb is located 4 km (2.5 mi) northwest of Killala village, overlooking the Palmerstown River and Killala Bay.

## History

This wedge tomb was built c. 2500–2000 BC, in the Copper or Bronze Age.
A stone circle once stood close to the tomb until the 1950s, when the stones were uprooted and dumped onto the wedge tomb.

## Description

The tomb has a gallery over 3 m (9.8 ft) long and 2 m (6 ft 7 in) wide, with side walls composed of boulders up to 1.8 m (5 ft 11 in) high. The gallery axis is ENE-WSW, so the ENE end points towards the rising sun at the summer solstice.
# IF/A-18E Carrier Strike Fighter

iF/A-18E Carrier Strike Fighter is a combat flight simulation game developed and published by Interactive Magic for Microsoft Windows in 1998.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| GameRankings | 62% |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Computer Games Strategy Plus | |
| Computer Gaming World | |
| GamePro | |
| GameRevolution | C+ |
| GameSpot | 6/10 |
| Hyper | 72% |
| IGN | 6.8/10 |
| PC Gamer (UK) | 73% |
| PC Gamer (US) | 58% |
| PC PowerPlay | 68% |
| PC Zone | 70% |
The game received mixed reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings.
# Welch-Averiett House

The Welch-Averiett House, in Talladega County, Alabama near Sylacauga, Alabama, dates from 1830. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. The listing included four contributing buildings on 44 acres (18 ha), on a land parcel of about 1,000 acres (4.0 km$^2$).
The house was built around 1920. It is a "a rambling twelve room clapboard bungalow little changed since c.1920. It has a hipped roof with broad eaves and a shed dormer decorated with angular brackets. The exterior is clapboard irregularly fenestrated with 6/6 wooden sash windows. There are four exterior brick chimneys. Two board and batten 'cabins' adjoin the rear with gabled and shed additions to the west end."
It is also known as the L.L. Dean House and was known in the 1800s as Welch Spring.
Other parts of the estate are older. The listing includes a rammed earth smokehouse.
The original settler, Daniel Welch was living on this property by 1831. The Averiett estate as a whole once had more than 10,000 acres (16 sq mi).
This was listed along with three other properties as part of a study of the estate.
It is located about 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Sylacauga on the north side of Alabama State Route 8, in the Fayetteville, Alabama community.