OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Judge Bradford

Judge Bradford may refer to:
* Allen Alexander Bradford (1815–1888), judge of the supreme court of the Colorado Territory
* Cale J. Bradford (fl. 1980s–2020s), chief judge of the Indiana Court of Appeals
* Edward Green Bradford (1819–1884), judge of the United States District Court for the District of Delaware
* Edward Green Bradford II (1848–1928), judge of the United States District Court for the District of Delaware
# Makarapa

A makarapa is a hand-cut and hand-painted hard hat worn by sports fans. They belong to the typical South African football fan's supporters gear, and are increasingly popular with fans of other sports. Sport fans spend hours on sculpting and painting their makarapa in the colours and emblem of their clubs or country. Besides the makarapa, fans also wear giant glasses or have shields with team slogans and logos. With the 2010 FIFA World Cup, the international profile and availability of the makarapa has increased greatly.

## History

The origin of the term "makarapa" goes back to the start of mining in South Africa. The word makarapa literally meant "scrapers", referring to men who would leave the rural areas to go to the cities and "scrape" a living in mining and construction work. Upon returning they would be carrying or wearing the hard hats normally used by miners (the majority being migrant workers by Apartheid laws) and construction workers; eventually the term came to refer to the protective hats themselves.
Makarapa were present in Zürich at the selection of South Africa to host the 2010 FIFA World Cup. In September 2009 Sepp Blatter received a makarapa as a gift during a FIFA inspection.
Makarapa is registered to Grant Nicholls and Trade Marked 2006/20971, expiring 4 September 2026.

## Design

Makarapa are decorated to serve purposes such as being used as fan articles, an individual artwork as well as a means of promoting one's team brand in the stadiums as they attract a lot of media attention. They still also afford the wearer protection from missiles thrown at sporting matches, their original reason for being worn.
# Peter Reidy

Peter Reidy (c. 1874 – 17 January 1932) was an Australian politician who represented the South Australian House of Assembly multi-member seat of Victoria from 1915 to 1932. He was elected for the United Labor Party, joined the National Party in 1917 and the Liberal Federation from 1923.
# Helen Gregory (medical missionary)

Helen (Ella) Gregory (11 April 1898 – 17 April 1946) was a Scottish medical missionary who worked in India for more than 17 years. She was portrayed as a first-rate solicitous medic.

## Early life

Helen Gregory was born on 11 April 1898 in Edinburgh, Scotland, and a daughter of Thomas Gregory, a dental surgeon, and Helen Williamson. She attended Brunstane School for Girls and later the University of Edinburgh Medical School, where she qualified in 1921 with a MBChB. She also obtained a diploma from the London School of Tropical Medicine in 1922.

## Family

In the extensive Gregory family the medical profession was a tradition, counting around 36 doctors and dentists, all descendants of their grandfather John Gregory, silversmith, and their grandmother, Hannah Steer. Her elder sister, Andrina Gregory (1896–1966) was a qualified nurse from the Edinburgh College of Domestic Science and cared privately for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Her younger sister, Margaret (Margot) Gregory (1904–1952) was a graduate of Edinburgh College of Art (ECA) who shared a flat with artists Edward Gage, Valerie Gage and Archie Watt. She was promoted Captain of the 19th Company Edinburgh Division, Girl Guides, then District Commissioner, Crewe Toll, cooperated with the Guide International Service Team as a driver of large army trucks in the effort of post-war reconstruction of Germany.

## Career

Participating with the Baptist Missionary Society, she was based at its hospital in Berhampore for longer than 17 years, lately as assistant-superintendent. She was presented with the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal.

## Death and legacy

After visiting Edinburgh in 1941, her illness prevented her from returning to India. In her death notice she was remembered as a medic of excellent finesse and notable deeds, with 'a radiant charm of personality that drew the hearts of Indian and European alike with a magnetic power’. Berhampore hospital dedicated to her a memorial Prayer Hall.
# Najac station

Najac is a railway station in Najac, Occitanie, France, on the Brive–Toulouse (via Capdenac) line. It is served by TER (local) services operated by SNCF.

## Train services

These services currently call at Najac:
* Local service (TER Occitanie) Toulouse–Figeac–Aurillac
| Preceding station | TER Occitanie | TER Occitanie | TER Occitanie | Following station |
| Laguépietowards Toulouse | | 3 | | Villefranche-de-Rouerguetowards Aurillac |
# Patrícia Esparteiro

Patrícia Esparteiro (born 24 May 1994) is a Portuguese karateka. She is a two-time bronze medalist in the women's team kata event at the European Karate Championships. She also won bronze in the individual kata event at this competition in 2011.
Esparteiro also represented Portugal at the 2019 European Games in Minsk, Belarus and she won one of the bronze medals in the women's individual kata event.

## Career

Esparteiro competed in the women's individual kata event at the 2018 World Karate Championships held in Madrid, Spain.
In 2019, Esparteiro represented Portugal at the European Games in Minsk, Belarus and she won one of the bronze medals in the women's individual kata event. In 2019, she also competed in the women's individual kata event at the World Beach Games held in Doha, Qatar without winning a medal.
In May 2021, Esparteiro won one of the bronze medals in the women's team kata event at the European Karate Championships held in Poreč, Croatia. In June 2021, she competed at the World Olympic Qualification Tournament held in Paris, France hoping to qualify for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. In November 2021, she competed in the women's individual kata event at the World Karate Championships held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Rank | Event |
| 2011 | European Championships | Zürich, Switzerland | 3rd | Individual kata |
| 2019 | European Championships | Guadalajara, Spain | 3rd | Team kata |
| 2019 | European Games | Minsk, Belarus | 3rd | Individual kata |
| 2021 | European Championships | Poreč, Croatia | 3rd | Team kata |
# Eurodif

Eurodif, which means European Gaseous Diffusion Uranium Enrichment Consortium, is a subsidiary of the French company Orano, which operates a uranium enrichment plant, called the Georges-Besse plant, established at the Tricastin Nuclear Power Center in Pierrelatte in Drôme. The nuclear site of Pierrelatte includes many nuclear installations, of which the largest are the Eurodif fuel factory and the Tricastin nuclear power station.
Enriched uranium is the preferred fuel for light water reactors, a common nuclear power technology.

## History

In 1973 France, Belgium, Italy, Spain and Sweden formed the joint stock company EURODIF. Sweden withdrew from the project in 1974. In 1975 Sweden's 10 per cent share in EURODIF was transferred to Iran as a result of an arrangement between France and Iran. The French government subsidiary company Cogema and the Iranian Government established the Sofidif (Société franco–iranienne pour l'enrichissement de l'uranium par diffusion gazeuse) enterprise with 60 per cent and 40 per cent shares, respectively. In turn, Sofidif acquired a 25 per cent share in EURODIF, through which Iran attained its 10 per cent share of EURODIF.
In 1974, the Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, lent $1 billion (and another $180 million in 1977) for the construction of the factory, in order to have the right to buy 10% of the production. Iran remains a shareholder of Eurodif via Sofidif. The Franco-Iranian consortium shareholder still owns 25% of Eurodif.
The Georges-Besse plant, named after Georges Besse, its founder, provides uranium to forty producers of nuclear electricity, including EDF, France's largest electric power company.
Naturally occurring uranium contains 0.7% of uranium 235. It can be enriched up to 5% by a gas diffusion process using uranium hexafluoride (UF$_6$). France decided to abandon the gas diffusion process used by the Eurodif Georges Besse I factory for a modern centrifuge process. The project announced by Areva NC to make the change was the subject of a public discussion in the Rhône-Alpes region from September 1 to October 22, 2004. The advantage of the new process is that it is more energy efficient: Georges Besse I used the power generated by all three (2,700 MW) of Tricastin's nuclear reactors for uranium enrichment, whereas the new centrifuge-based Georges Besse II plant can make similar amounts of uranium with only 50 MW.
Dismantling the original Eurodif facility is planned to be completed by the end of 2020.
# Honours of the Principality of Wales

The Honours of the Principality of Wales are the regalia used at the investiture of the Prince of Wales, as heir apparent to the British throne, made up of a coronet, a ring, a rod, a sword, a girdle and a mantle. All but the coronet date from the investiture of Prince Edward (later Edward VIII then Duke of Windsor) in 1911 when most of the Honours of Wales were redesigned.
The present coronet takes the form laid down in a royal warrant issued by Charles II in 1677, which states, "The son and heir apparent of the Crown shall use and bear his coronet of crosses and fleurs-de-lis with one arch and a ball and cross". Within the frame, which is made of gold, is a velvet cap lined with ermine. The present coronet was made for the investiture of Charles, Prince of Wales (later Charles III) in 1969 as the Coronet of George was still in the possession of the Duke of Windsor who was living in exile in France. The defunct coronet and its predecessor the Coronet of Frederick are now a part of the Crown Jewels in the Jewel House at the Tower of London. The original coronets as worn by the Welsh rulers of the Kingdom of Gwynedd and other Welsh principalities have been lost. Llywelyn's coronet was seized by the king of England in 1284 and is known only to history. The fates of the coronets of the rulers of the other princely states, if they ever had them, are not known.
The regalia were on display at the National Museum of Wales from 1974 until 2011 when they were put into storage at St James's Palace, London. The coronet and rod were both put on permanent display in the Jewel House at the Tower of London in 2020.
# Juan López Moctezuma

Juan López Moctezuma (1929 – August 2, 1995) was a Mexican film director and actor. He was born in Mexico City in 1929. During his career he directed five films, all in the genres of supernatural horror and suspense: The Mansion of Madness (1973), Mary, Mary, Bloody Mary (1975), To Kill a Stranger (1984), El Alimento del Miedo (1994), and his most recognized and controversial work, Alucarda (1977), which tells the story of a satanic possession in a Catholic convent.
In 1993 he was admitted to a psychiatric hospital in Mexico City because of Alzheimer's disease. He died on August 2, 1995.

## Filmography

* The Mansion of Madness (La Mansión de la Locura) (1973)
* Mary, Mary, Bloody Mary (1975)
* Alucarda (Alucarda, la Hija de las Tinieblas) (1977)
* To Kill a Stranger (Matar a un Extraño) (1984)
* El Alimento del Miedo (1994)
# Maja Maraš

Maja Maraš (born 1991 in Cetinje, Yugoslavia) is a Montenegrin model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Montenegro 2011. She represented her country in Miss World 2011 in London.
# Peruvian skate

The Peruvian skate (Bathyraja peruana) is a large skate found in the southeast Pacific Ocean, off the coasts of Peru, Ecuador, and Chile. It can grow to an estimated 1.1 metres (3 ft 7 in) total length, and 1.25 m (4 ft 1 in) across. It is known to be a deepwater species; the holotype was caught at a depth of 908 m (2,979 ft), and is generally found at depths of 600–1,100 m (2,000–3,600 ft). Very little is known about its biology.

## Description

It has a lozenge-shaped disc and a maximum length of 1.1 m (3 ft 7 in). The margin of the disc is almost straight from the tip of the snout to the tip of the disc, with a slight convexity from the level of the nostrils to the level of the gills. The straight disc margin can be used to distinguish B. peruana from B. aguja which has undulating margins. Coloration on most of the surface is brownish-grey, but ranges from brown to yellow on the margins of the nostrils, mouth, pelvic fins, and base of the tail. The disc has dermal denticles but generally lacks thorns (some specimens have small thorns just anterior to the axil of the pectoral fins). The tail has 25 small, oval-based midrow thorns.
# Helio Aircraft Company

The Helio Aircraft Company was an American aircraft manufacturer founded in 1948.

## History

The Koppen-Bollinger Aircraft Corporation was founded by Otto Koppen and Lynn Bollinger in Massachusetts in 1948 to develop a light STOL utility aircraft. Initially located at Boston Metropolitan Airport in Canton, Massachusetts, it was renamed the Helio Aircraft Corporation by the time manufacture of the Helio Courier commenced in the early 1950s at a plant in Pittsburg, Kansas. The plant, located at the Atkinson Municipal Airport was acquired by Helio from Mid-States Manufacturing Company in July 1956 and was almost destroyed by a wildfire in March 1966. In 1959, the company announced it was moving its factory to Tucson, Arizona.
The business was bought by the General Aircraft Corporation in 1969, was renamed Helio Aircraft Company and continued production until 1974, when General Aircraft commenced legal proceedings against the CIA, alleging that the agency had planned to ruin the business through organizing unlicensed production of the Courier.
The production rights were sold by General Aircraft to Helio Aircraft Ltd in 1977. Despite an abortive attempt to restart production, the company remained essentially inactive until 1980. The Courier was returned to production, but only 18 aircraft were built. In 1984, the company was forced to lay off 100 workers and the following February it was evicted from its factory.
The rights to the Courier and Stallion were bought and sold a number of times more before being purchased by Helio Aircraft LLC of Prescott, Arizona, which announced plans in 2004 to return both types to production.

## Aircraft

| Model name | First flight | Number built | Type |
| Helio Courier | | ~500 | Single engine utility airplane |
| Helio H-500 Twin Courier | 1960 | 7 | Twin engine utility airplane |
| Helio HST-550 Stallion | 1964 | 20 | Single engine utility airplane |
| Helio Rat'ler | | 1 | Single engine agricultural airplane |
# Nana Bolashvili

Nana Bolashvili (Georgian: ნანა ბოლაშვილი; November 25, 1967) is a Georgian geographer born in Borjomi Georgia. From 2006 to 2007 she served as a deputy director of the Vakhushti Bagrationi Institute of Geography of the Tbilisi State University. Since 2007 she has served as a director of the Institute. Since 2016 she is the president of the Alexander Javakhishvili Geographical Society of Georgia

## Education

From 1984 to 1989 she studied at the Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University at the Faculty of Geography and Geology, specializing in surface-water hydrology. From 1985 to 1987 she studied at the Ilia Chavchavadze Tbilisi Institute of Foreign Languages the English language.
From 1992 to 1996 she was a PhD student at the Georgian Academy of Sciences, specializing in Surface-water hydrology, water resources and hydrochemistry.In 1998 she participated in an International Training Course on "Weather modeling" in Beit Dagan, Israel; in 2000 she participated in a course on "Satellite Meteorology" in Nanjing, China.

## Career

From 1989 to 1992 she worked as a laboratory assistant in the Department of Hydrology of the Vakhushti Bagrationi Institute of Geography, Georgian National Academy of Sciences. From 1992 to 2000 Bolashvili was a scientist at the Department of Hydrology and Geoinformation Technologies of the Institute of Geography. From 2002 to 2008 she worked as a geography teacher at the private school “British Connection – Academic”. In 2005-2006 she was a scientific secretary of the Institute of geography. From 2000 to 2018 she was a senior scientist at the department of hydrology and climatology. Since 2018 up to now she is a principle researcher at this department. From 2006 to-2023 she was an expert in geography at the National Examination Center, Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia.
Since 2010 she became a scientific technical correspondent (STC) of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). In 2023 she was appointed as a member of the 2nd IWG of UNCCD. She was a participant of all meetings (e.g. in March 2024 in Chile. In December 2024 there will be the next UNCCD COP (Conference of the Parties) in Riyadh.

## Research

Her research fields cover freshet prognosis, water resource assessment and management, karst and karstic water formation. She has participated in local and international grant projects, and published articles in Georgian and international journals.
Nana Bolashvili promoted and lead the ``National Atlas project`` during several years. This first ``National Atlas of Georgia`` in English was presented at the Frankfurt Book Fair in 2018, where Georgia was the guest of honor. The National Atlas of Georgia was awarded the National Vakhushti Bagrationi prize (Laureate Diploma) in November 2023 for its comprehensive texts and new large-sized colour maps.
# Eumorpha megaeacus

Eumorpha megaeacus is a moth of the family Sphingidae.

## Distribution

It is found throughout most of Central America and South America, from Suriname, Venezuela, French Guiana, Ecuador, southern Brazil and Bolivia to Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Mexico. Occasionally strays can be found as far north as Texas.

## Description

The wingspan is 105–121 mm. The upperside is dark and can be distinguished from other Eumorpha species by the presence of a conspicuous, but ill-defined, longitudinal brown band running parallel to the hind margin from the wing base on the forewing upperside.
* Eumorpha megaeacus Female dorsal
* Eumorpha megaeacus Female ventral

## Biology

Adults are on wing from February to March, May to July and again from September to October in Costa Rica.
The larvae feed on Jussiaea and other Onagraceae species.
# Mississippi Army Ammunition Plant

The Mississippi Army Ammunition Plant was a 13,480-acre (54.6 km$^2$) government-owned, contractor-operated facility in Hancock County, Mississippi that was dedicated on March 31, 1983. Construction in the northern part of the John C. Stennis Space Center facility began on January 8, 1978. The plant was deactivated on March 4, 2009, as part of the Base Realignment and Closure, 2005. The plant was last operated by Mason Technologies, Inc., a subsidiary of Mason and Hanger-Silas Co., Inc.
# Lola Ray

Lola Ray is an indie rock band from Brooklyn, New York. It was formed when singer/guitarist John Balicanta re-assembled his high school band from Anaheim, California in order to record a demo for Peter Robinson of RCA Records.

## First band

Balicanta and high school friends Brian Spina and James McIvor had started a band called Lola Corin (Tagalog for "Grandma Corin") during their high school years in Southern California . They had been friends since the seventh grade, but when John left to attend college in New York City, the band dissolved.

## Reformation

Balicanta secured an internship at Dumbo Studios after meeting RCA's Peter Robinson. Impressed with his solo songwriting, Robinson agreed to sponsor a demo if Balicanta could assemble a band. After finding Alex Smolinski in New York, John called on Spina and McIvor who moved to Brooklyn immediately . They called their band Lola Ray.

## First release

Lola Ray was signed to Good Charlotte's record label DC Flag and opened for the band on a nationwide tour. Their music video for their first single, "Automatic Girl" found airplay on the Fuse and MTV2 rotations. It was also used on the EA Sports' NHL 2005 video game..
In 2006 Lola Ray released their second album, Liars, through Red Int/Red Ink. Smolinski and McIvor have since left the band and have been replaced as the band continues to tour. Post-Lola Ray, James McIvor pursued a PhD in mathematics at UC Berkeley.

## Discography
### Albums

* I Don't Know You - 2004
* Liars - 2006
# George Majeroni

George Majeroni, also known as Giorgio Majeroni, (1877–1924) was a stage and screen actor. His starring roles in silent films included My Lady Incog opposite Hazel Dawn.
Majeroni was born in Melbourne, Australia and was part of a family of actors. His older brother Mario Majeroni was born in Sardinia and also came to the U.S.
His first performance in the U.S. was in 1905. He had a wife and two children. Majeroni died at Saranac Lake in New York's Adirondacks.

## Theater

* For the Term of His Natural Life, adaptation
* Laugh, Clown, Laugh
* An adaptation of The Kreutzer Sonata
* Top o' th' World
* The Claw (play)
* The Pink Lady
* Diplomacy (1914)

## Filmography

* The Sign of the Cross (1914)
* Bella Donna (1915)
* The Eternal City (1915)
* Diplomacy (1916)
* My Lady Incog (1916)
* The Feud Girl (1916)
* As in a Looking Glass (1916)
* Patria (serial) (1917)
* Who's Your Neighbor? (1917)
* Stranded in Arcady (1917)
* Tangled Lives (1918)
* The Caillaux Case (1918)
* The Green God (1918)
* Hoarded Assets (1918)
* The Woman the Germans Shot (1918)
* The Invisible Bond (1919)
* Marriage For Convenience (1919)
* In Honor's Web (1919)
* What Women Will Do (1921)
* How Women Love (1922)
# Helena Malheim

Helena Malheim (1716–1795) was a Swedish midwife. She became a midwife in around 1751 and worked in Vänersborg.

## Life and career

Malheim was born in 1716 in Uppland. Her father, Justus Andreas (1689-1731), was a field surgeon, and her mother, Helena Tolstadia, was the daughter of a clergyman. She lived with her mother and maternal grandparents while her father was on active service for King Karl XII until he returned in 1718. He then retired from the army and the family moved to S:t Johannesgatan 5, Uppsala, near the location of present day Uplands nation. Her mother died when she was 14 years old and her father died 10 months later. In 1739, she married Anders Ekström, an iron merchant, and they moved close to Uppsala Castle, near Trädgårdsgatan 5A. They had at least 9 children, the first of which was born in 1741.
She trained to be a midwife around 1751 and became a municipal midwife in Vänersborg. She had an annual salary of 100 daler silver coins along with her rent. In 1756, she made a complaint to the town council about the untrained women who assisted childbirth as all midwives had to pass an exam. In the same year, she wrote a manuscript on childbirth and midwifery and sent it to the medical college but it was turned down.
She also asked permission from the college to train women so that each parish of the Älvsborg and Dalsland had a midwife.
She attended a gathering at the Stockholm medical college on 12 July 1758. She also attended a meeting on 24 July where the college granted permission to teach women about midwifery however they could not take the midwives oath as women were only allowed to become midwives at the Stockholm medical college. They also declined to publish her writing as they viewed it as unfinished.
She wrote several letters to the Vänersborg council requesting an increase in pay and threatened to move to Uddevalla where she would receive higher wages. Despite Malheim having the backing of the mayor and town doctor, the council refused to increase her salary and instead gave her husband, who was an unwaged councilor, an annual salary instead. She petitioned the council again in 1759 to wage increase and promised that she would treat the poor free of charge and the council agreed.
Her husband died in 1773. When a fire broke out in the town in 1777 she was living with her daughter, Ulrika. Their home, along with two-thirds of the town, was destroyed. She lived with her daughter until 1784. In 1795, she died in Vänersborg poorhouse.