OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hinksey Stream

Hinksey Stream is a branch of the River Thames to the west of the city of Oxford, England. It starts as Seacourt Stream (also known as Wytham Stream), which leaves the Thames at a bifurcation north of the village of Wytham, and rejoins the river south of the city near Kennington.

## Course
### Seacourt Stream

From the bifurcation Seacourt Stream flows south past Wytham and under the A34 Oxford Ring Road. Near the site of the lost village of Seacourt Botley Stream branches off Seacourt Stream on its left bank, and flows 0.8 km to enter Bulstake Stream. Seacourt Stream then flows under Botley Road and enters Bulstake Stream near North Hinksey.
Seacourt Stream is 12.7 km long.

### Hinksey Stream

Hinksey Stream branches off Seacourt Stream on its right bank just before the confluence with Bulstake Stream. It flows between the village of South Hinksey to the west and the suburb of New Hinksey to the east. It flows under the Oxford Ring Road near its junction with the Abingdon Road (A4144). Shortly afterwards it is joined on its left bank by Weirs Mill Stream, another branch of the Thames, 2.1 km long, which leaves the river just north of Donnington Bridge. Hinksey Stream joins the Thames just above Kennington Railway Bridge. The Thames Path crosses Hinksey Stream on a footbridge at this point.
A ferry used to operate between Ferry Hinksey Road, off the Botley Road in west Oxford, and North Hinksey, former known as Ferry Hinksey. This ceased operation in 1928 and the two are now linked by bridges.
Hinksey Stream is 4.2 km long.

## Boundary

In Anglo-Saxon times Seacourt Stream formed part of the border between Mercia and Wessex, and until 1974 it was part of the boundary between Berkshire and Oxfordshire. In the 16th century the stream was known as Shire Lake.
Downstream of North Hinksey the boundary between Berkshire and Oxfordshire was Hogacre Stream (or Hogacre Ditch), a branch of Bulstake Stream which runs parallel to Hinksey Stream and joins it after 1.9 km. Between 1889 (when Grandpont and New Hinksey were absorbed into Oxfordshire) and 1974, Hinksey Stream was the boundary south of its confluence with Hogacre Stream.
# Hiti (surname)

Hiti is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Gorazd Hiti (born 1948), Slovene ice hockey player
* Rudi Hiti (born 1946), Slovene ice hockey player
# Hitiaʻa O Te Ra

Hitiaʻa O Te Ra is a commune of French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. The commune of Hitiaʻa O Te Ra is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2022 census it had a population of 10,196.
Hitiaʻa O Te Ra consists of the following associated communes:
* Hitiaa
* Mahaena
* Papenoo
* Tiarei
The administrative center of the commune is the settlement of Tiarei.
# Marijana Mićić

Marijana Mićić (Serbian Cyrillic: Маријана Мићић; born 20 March 1983) is a Serbian TV host, and occasional actress, best known as the host of Veliki Brat, the Serbian version of Big Brother. She has hosted a number of shows, most of them for the Serbian production company Emotion. She also took part in the Serbian remake of The Simple Life, alongside Ana Mihajlovski.
Sometimes other TV hosts address her by her nickname Mara. During 2008, while hosting Najgori od sve dece, she and her co-host, Maca, came up with a sentence which later became their catchphrase: "Najav'la!".

## Appearances

As an actress:
* 2004 Te quiero, Radiša (I love you, Radiša), TV movie
* 2007 Ljubav i mržnja (Love and hate), TV series
As a contestant:
* 2004–2006 Jednostavan život (The Simple Life), reality TV series
As a host:
* 2003 Bunga Banga Re, children's interactive television
* 2004 Superheroj sa Ostrva Snova (Superhero from Dream Island), children interactive television
* 2005 Hoćeš, nećeš?!, TV show, similar to MTV's I Bet You Will
* 2006 Leteći start, TV show
* since 2006 Veliki Brat (Big Brother)
* 2008 Najgori od sve dece (The Worst of All the Children), variety show; an Operacija trijumf spin off
* 2012 Dnevni Magazin, TV show
* 2014 Pinkove zvezdice, Talent show
# James Rolland

James Rolland (24 November 1802 – 20 November 1889) was a Scot who became a member of the New Zealand Legislative Council from 8 July 1865 to 24 January 1866, when he resigned.

## Life

He was born in Fife, Scotland in 1802, the son of Adam Rolland of Gask, FRSE Principal Clerk of Session, and Anne Elizabeth Newbigging. In Edinburgh he was a practicing Writer to the Signet.
In 1859 he emigrated to Otago in New Zealand on the ship Alpine with his wife and family. He lived at Gask Lodge on the Clutha River near Kaitangata, and also bought Blackstone Hill station in Central Otago, later selling it to his sons. His wife died in 1861 and is buried in Kaitangata cemetery.
In 1866 he returned to Edinburgh, where he lived, at 43 Melville Street, until his death. He is buried with his parents and grandparents in St Cuthbert's Churchyard in the city centre. The grave lies on a wall to the north-west of the church.

## Family

In 1840 he married Maria Rebecca Stothert.
His niece, Susan Rolland, married Rev Robert Rainy.
He had a fairly large family and his grandchildren included Sir Frank Rolland.
# James Keelaghan

James Keelaghan (born October 28, 1959) is a Canadian folk singer-songwriter. Born in Calgary, Alberta, Keelaghan is now based in Perth, Ontario. Many of the lyrics in his songs display a concern about social problems and justice in society. Examples of such themes include "Kiri's Piano", about the internment of Japanese Canadians, and "October 70", about the FLQ crisis, inspired by events and figures in Canadian history. Some of his songs concern tragic historical events, such as "Fires of Calais," about the 1940 Dunkirk evacuation of Allied troops during World War II, and "Cold Missouri Waters," about the Mann Gulch fire of 1949. Keelaghan's lilting baritone voice, driving rhythm guitar, and a sense of scene and narrative result in his ability to bridge traditional folk music with roots revival and Celtic music.

## Biography and career

Keelaghan studied history at the University of Calgary and two of his influences there were Drs. Margaret J. Osler and Sheldon Silverman. With an international following in Australia and England, Keelaghan plays a wide variety of venues from large festivals and concert halls to intimate folk clubs venues and often invites the audience for a beer after his performance.
At the 1990 Northern Lights Festival Boréal, Keelaghan and guitarist Oscar Lopez participated in a collaborative workshop exploring the fusion of Celtic and Latin music. The duo would later collaborate on two albums, Compadres and ¿Buddy Where You Been?, further exploring that theme.
In 1994, he won the Juno Award for Roots & Traditional Album of the Year for My Skies.
In 2003, Keelaghan won first prize (Folk Category) of the 8th Annual USA Songwriting Competition.
His song "Cold Missouri Waters" was covered by the band Cry Cry Cry in 1998. His songs have also included some by famed folk musicians. They include Roy Bailey and Garnet Rogers.
Frequent guest musicians on his albums include Stephen Fearing and Hugh McMillan of Spirit of the West. His latest CD, House of Cards (2009), produced by Keelaghan, is a collection of ten new original songs, some co-written with Karine Polwart, David Francey and others. The cd has been receiving critical praise both in Canada and abroad.
Keelaghan is the Artistic Director of the Summerfolk Music and Crafts Festival in Owen Sound since 2011.

## Discography

* Timelines (1987)
* Small Rebellions (1990)
* My Skies (1993)
* A Recent Future (1995)
* Compadres (1997) (James Keelaghan, Oscar Lopez) Nominated for a Juno Award for Best Roots & Traditional Album – Group
* Road (1999)
* Home (2001)
* Then Again (2004)
* A Few Simple Verses (2006)
* ¿Buddy Where You Been? (2007) (Compadres – James Keelaghan, Oscar Lopez) Nominated for a Juno Award for Roots & Traditional Album of the Year: Group
* House of Cards (2009)
* History: The First 25 Years (CD and DVD) (2013)
* Second-Hand (2022)
# James Keene (writer)

James Keene was the pseudonym used by William Everett Cook to write western novels. After his death other authors including Ida Cook used the name.
# James Smith (archdeacon of Barnstaple)

James Smith (baptized 1605, died 1667) was a clergyman who became Archdeacon of Barnstaple in 1660. He was also much admired for his wit, and collections of his satirical verse were published in the 1650s.
Smith was the son of Thomas, the rector of Marston Moretaine, Bedfordshire, who owned land in three counties. He matriculated at Oxford in 1622–23. He was awarded the degree of DD in 1661.

## Career

Smith was navy chaplain to Admiral Henry, earl of Holland and domestic chaplain to Thomas, earl of Cleveland. He was also rector of Wainfleet All Saints, Lincolnshire in 1634 and of Kings Nympton, Devon from 1639 to 1662. He was collated archdeacon of Barnstaple in 1660 (until 1662), resigning to become precentor of Exeter cathedral and a canon of Exeter in 1662. He had been granted the title Doctor of Divinity in 1661. He was rector of Alphington, Devon in 1662 and of Exminster, Devon in 1664.
Smith died on 22 June 1667 and was buried in the chancel of Kings Nympton church.

## Poetry

Smith was much admired by the "poetical wits" of the day. Philip Massinger is said to have referred to him as his son. He was also friendly with William Davenant. He wrote satirical poetry, which was published in a collection entitled Musarum Deliciæ or the Muses' Recreation, in 1656. Smith's verses appear to have been written for amusement in correspondence with Sir John Mennes, whose replies were also included. Both were light and satirical in tone. The publisher, Henry Herringman, stated that the poems had been collected by him from "Sir John Mennis and Dr. Smith's drolish intercourses." Another anthology called Wit Restored was published in 1658. This contains verse letters from Smith to Mennis, "then commanding a troop of horse against the Scots." Another piece was written to Mennis "on the Surrender of Conway Castle."
Smith also wrote sacred anthems which were sung at Exeter in his day.
# James W. Ivy

James W. Ivy (1901 – 1974) was an African American educator and journalist. He edited the NAACP's magazine The Crisis from 1950 until retirement in 1966.

## Life

Ivy was born in Danville, Virginia on May 16, 1901, the son of William and Nannie Ivy. He was educated at public schools in Danville before gaining a B.Sc. from Virginia Union University in 1925. He later did graduate study at New York University.
In 1926 Ivy began teaching English and French at the all-black Union High School in Hampton, Virginia. He continued teaching at high schools in North Carolina and Virginia, and from 1934 to 1939 taught English at the Hampton Institute. Meanwhile, in 1930 he joined The Crisis as book review editor under W. E. B. Du Bois's' editorship. He continued working at the publication under Roy Wilkins as editor until 1942.
In 1944 he married Helen Marshall from Pittsburgh. They had no children. From 1945 to 1946 he was managing editor of the New York progressive monthly Common Sense. In 1946 he returned to The Crisis as assistant editor, and succeeded Wilkins as editor in 1950.
Ivy spoke several languages, and as Crisis editor was committed to coverage of the global black community. He later summarised his internationalist creed: "I believe American Negroes should recognise similarities between their problems and those of blacks in other parts of the world". Together with Horace Mann Bond, Mercer Cook, John A. Davis and William T. Fontaine, Ivy was amongst the African American delegates to the First Congress of Black Writers and Artists in Paris in 1956. The group, together with Thurgood Marshall and Duke Ellington, formed the American Society of African Culture in December 1956.
Ivy retired in May 1966. He died of cancer on April 11, 1974 at his home on La Salle Street, Morningside Heights, New York City.

## Writing

* 'Fifty years of progress in literature'. Pittsburgh Courier, 1950.
* 'The Wisdom of the Haitian Peasant: or some Haitian proverbs considered', Negro History Bulletin, Vol. 4, No. 9 (1951), pp. 197, 209-10.
* Present-day Brazilian Race Relations : a brief bibliography with an introduction. New York, 1958.
# James Starr (philatelist)

Major James Starr (April 5, 1870 – March 13, 1948), of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was one of the earliest philatelists who collected, studied, and wrote on, stamps of China.

## Collecting interests

Starr was particularly interested in studying the large Dragons of 1878-1883 as well as China's air post issues. His collections on exhibit were famous and award-winning. Co-authored with Samuel J. Mills, Starr wrote The Chinese Air-Post, 1920–1935, which was based on his own collection of Chinese postal history. It was published around 1937.

## Philatelic activity

Starr was a founding member of the China Stamp Society, the oldest affiliate of the American Philatelic Society and the largest English speaking Chinese philatelic organization worldwide. He was serving as its president at the time of his death.

## Honors and awards

He won numerous awards for his exhibits at national and international philatelic exhibitions. He signed the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1947 and was named to the American Philatelic Society Hall of Fame in 1949.

## Legacy

Starr's intact China collection was sold at Sotheby's auction in 1991.
# James Staunton

James Staunton (b Ballyoskill 20 February 1889; d Enniscorthy 27 June 1963) was an Irish Roman Catholic Bishop.
Staunton was ordained priest on 22 June 1913. He served in the Diocese of Ossory. A Jesuit, he was Bishop of Ferns from 1938 until his death. Dr Staunton was a council father at the Second Vatican Council.
# James Wilkes (disambiguation)

James Wilkes (born 1958) is an American former basketball player.
James Wilkes may also refer to
* Jimmy Wilkes (1925–2008), American baseball player
* Jim Wilkes (born 1950), American lawyer
# Marion County High School

Marion County High School may refer to the following American schools:
* Marion County High School (Alabama), Guin, Alabama
* Marion County High School (Kentucky), Lebanon, Kentucky
* Marion County High School (Missouri), Philadelphia, Missouri
* Marion County High School (Tennessee), Jasper, Tennessee
# Jan-Theodoor Janssen

Theodorus Johannes Bernardus Maria Janssen FREng FInstP FIET (born 1965), also known as Jan-Theodoor Janssen or JT Janssen, is the Chief Scientist of the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom), Henry Royce Institute's Strategic Advisory Board (SAB) Chair since 2024, and President of the Consultative Committee for Ionizing Radiation (CCRI) since 2023. In 2023, he was awarded the Institute of Physics's James Joule Medal and Prize for "outstanding contributions to fundamental and practical quantum electrical metrology". He was elected a Fellow of the National Physical Laboratory in Quantum Electrical Metrology, Fellow of the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), Fellow of the Institute of Physics (IOP), and Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in 2021.
Born in the Netherlands, Janssen obtained a doctor of philosophy from the University of Nijmegen in 1993, before joining the University of Bristol as a research fellow and then moving to NPL in 1998. He is a visiting professor at the Lancaster University.
# Mark Costello (author)

Mark Costello (Oct. 25, 1936—July 3, 2023), a native of Decatur, Illinois, is the author of the story collections The Murphy Stories (University of Illinois Press, 1973), which won the St. Lawrence Award for Short Fiction, and Middle Murphy (University of Illinois Press, 1991). The Murphy Stories has received critical praise, and one of its stories, Murphy's Xmas, was anthologized in several collections.
Costello taught for many years at the University of Illinois at Urbana as a creative writing instructor and was a visiting writer at many universities and colleges. He held the Endowed Chair in Creative Writing at the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa and was writer-in-residence at the University of Iowa Writers Workshop for one year.
His story Room 601 has received praise. Costello is known for his brevity and the introspective nature of his characters. The stories are set in central Illinois and feature a hard-drinking, hard-living character, Michael Murphy.
Costello's work has appeared in literary magazines and anthologies, including The Norton Anthology of Short Fiction, The Norton Anthology of Contemporary Fiction, and Best American Short Stories.
He is not related to the Mark Costello who wrote Signifying Rappers: Rap and Race in the Urban Present (1990), with David Foster Wallace.
He died in Lakewood, Colorado, on Monday, July 3, 2023.
# Jan Jacob Spöhler

Jan Jacob Spöhler (November 7, 1811 in Nederhorst den Berg –June 5, 1866 in Amsterdam), was a 19th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands.

## Biography

According to the RKD he was a pupil of Jan Willem Pieneman and became a member of the Koninklijke Academie in Amsterdam in 1845. He is known for winter landscapes and became the father of the painters Jacob Jan Coenraad Spohler and Johannes Franciscus Spohler. He worked in Amsterdam from 1830 to 1839 (where he later returned and lived from 1861 onwards), Haarlem 1840–1843, Brussels 1844-1847 (and briefly again in 1853), The Hague 1848–1849, Leiden 1850–1860, and Rotterdam 1854–1855. In addition to his sons he taught the painter Willem Vester.
# Jan Smits

Jan M. Smits (born 1967) is a Dutch law professor. He is the Dean of the Faculty of Law at Maastricht University, where he is also professor of private law.

## Early life and education

Smits was born in Leiden in 1967. Between 1986 and 1991 he studied law at Leiden University and at the University of Poitiers. In 1995, he obtained his PhD degree from Leiden University on a thesis about the foundations of contractual liability.

## Career

Smits then taught at Stellenbosch University and in Tilburg and Maastricht. In 1999, he was appointed to the chair of European private law at Maastricht University, a position he temporarily left between 2008 and 2010 to become professor of European private law and comparative law at Tilburg University. In October 2010 he returned to Maastricht and founded there the Maastricht European Private Law Institute (M-EPLI).
Smits is known for his critical view of the European harmonisation process; he is also a fierce believer in legal science as both a national and international discipline. He held visiting positions at a number of foreign institutions, including Tulane University Law School, the University of Leuven, the University of Liège, Louisiana State University and the Penn State Dickinson School of Law.
Jan Smits is a member of the Ius Commune Research School. He is a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences since 2010. It was announced in July 2017 that Smits would become the new Dean of Maastricht University's Faculty of Law.
# Mark Fisher (musician)

Mark Fisher (3 December 1959 – 12 December 2016) was a British session keyboardist. He was the first keyboard player for Wham! and performed on their 1985-1986 world tour. He also worked with Sister Sledge, and was one-half of Matt Bianco. His father is Tony Fisher, a trumpeter who worked with Frank Sinatra, Sarah Vaughan, and Oscar Peterson, and recorded with The Beatles during the Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band sessions, appearing on "Strawberry Fields Forever".
# Jan Batory

Jan Batory (23 August 1921 - 1 August 1981) was a Polish film director and screenwriter.

## Selected filmography

Film :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1966 | A Cure for Love | | |
| 1962 | The Two Who Stole the Moon | | |
# Jan Wieczorek

Jan Wieczorek (8 February 1935 – 13 September 2023) was a Polish Roman Catholic prelate. He was auxiliary bishop of Opole from 1981 to 1992 and bishop of Gliwice from 1992 to 2011.
# Markov–Kakutani fixed-point theorem

In mathematics, the Markov–Kakutani fixed-point theorem, named after Andrey Markov and Shizuo Kakutani, states that a commuting family of continuous affine self-mappings of a compact convex subset in a locally convex topological vector space has a common fixed point. This theorem is a key tool in one of the quickest proofs of amenability of abelian groups.

## Statement

Let $X$ be a locally convex topological vector space, with a compact convex subset $K$. Let $S$ be a family of continuous mappings of $K$ to itself which commute and are affine, meaning that $T(\lambda x+(1-\lambda )y)=\lambda T(x)+(1-\lambda )T(y)$ for all $\lambda$ in $(0,1)$ and $T$ in $S$. Then the mappings in $S$ share a fixed point.

## Proof for a single affine self-mapping

Let $T$ be a continuous affine self-mapping of $K$.
For $x$ in $K$ define a net $\{x(N)\}_{N\in \mathbb {N} }$ in $K$ by
    $x(N)={1 \over N+1}\sum _{n=0}^{N}T^{n}(x).$
Since $K$ is compact, there is a convergent subnet in $K$:
    $x(N_{i})\rightarrow y.\,$
To prove that $y$ is a fixed point, it suffices to show that $f(Ty)=f(y)$ for every $f$ in the dual of $X$. (The dual separates points by the Hahn-Banach theorem; this is where the assumption of local convexity is used.)
Since $K$ is compact, $|f|$ is bounded on $K$ by a positive constant $M$. On the other hand
    $|f(Tx(N))-f(x(N))|={1 \over N+1}|f(T^{N+1}x)-f(x)|\leq {2M \over N+1}.$
Taking $N=N_{i}$ and passing to the limit as $i$ goes to infinity, it follows that
    $f(Ty)=f(y).\,$
Hence
    $Ty=y.\,$

## Proof of theorem

The set of fixed points of a single affine mapping $T$ is a non-empty compact convex set $K^{T}$ by the result for a single mapping. The other mappings in the family $S$ commute with $T$ so leave $K^{T}$ invariant. Applying the result for a single mapping successively, it follows that any finite subset of $S$ has a non-empty fixed point set given as the intersection of the compact convex sets $K^{T}$ as $T$ ranges over the subset. From the compactness of $K$ it follows that the set
    $K^{S}=\{y\in K\mid Ty=y,\,T\in S\}=\bigcap _{T\in S}K^{T}\,$
is non-empty (and compact and convex).

## Citations

* ↑ Conway 1990, pp. 151–152.
# Jan Boldingh

Jan Boldingh (3 January 1915, Buitenzorg – 4 August 2003, Schiedam) was a noted Dutch chemist.
Boldingh studied chemistry at Utrecht University. He received a PhD in 1942 for his thesis 'Synthetische onderzoekingen over het chromofore systeem van lumi-auxonstudies' on auxines in the group of Fritz Kögl. He worked for a short period at the Philips Natuurkundig Laboratorium in Eindhoven, but moved to Unilever in 1944 (1944: research department of Van den Bergh & Jurgens in Rotterdam; 1946: research department in Zwijndrecht; 1955: Unilever Research Laboratory in Vlaardingen). Between 1952 and 1967, Boldingh and H.A. Boekenoogen lead the laboratory together, but after 1967 Boldingh lead the laboratory by himself until his retirement in 1980. From 1964 on, Boldingh served simultaneously as a professor Organic Chemistry at Utrecht University.
Boldingh introduced a number of new analytic techniques (such as (gas-)chromatography, the coupling of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, NMR and other forms of spectroscopy) in order to study complex problems in an industrial context. Boldingh was very interested in nutrition research, and especially the role of fats in nutrition. He stimulated the studies by David A. van Dorp concerning the role of unsaturated fatty acids that served as a precursor to prostaglandins (especially arachidonic acid and prostaglandin E2), in which the Unilever Laboratory collaborated intensively with Sune K. Bergström, who would receive a Nobel prize in 1982 for his studies in this field.
In 1964 Boldingh became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

## Awards

* 1968: Wilhelm-Normann Medal of Deutsche Gesellschaft für Fettwissenschaft (DGF)