OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# R80XL

The Bussink Design R80XL is a type of giant Ferris wheel. It was designed by Bussink Design founder and CEO Ronald Bussink, and is manufactured under licence from Bussink Design GmbH of Switzerland by Maurer German Wheels and Chance American Wheels.
Described by Bussink Design as an observation wheel, it is offered in transportable (SP) and fixed (SV) versions, both with a height of approximately 78 metres (256 ft). The R80XL SP is currently the world's tallest-ever transportable giant observation wheel.
The first commercial R80XL installation was La Estrella de Puebla, or Star of Puebla, which opened in Mexico on 22 July 2013.

## Versions

The R80XL SP is fully transportable and intended for operation at multiple locations. Transportation requires approximately 60 specially adapted standard ISO containers.
The R80XL SV is intended for permanent (fixed) or long-term installations, and is described as the "stationary semi-transportable" version.

## Specifications

According to the Technical Details pages of the r80xl.com website, both the transportable and fixed versions of the R80XL have an overall height of "± 78 m", a diameter of "± 74 m", and a main axle height of "± 40 m".
Other sources have reported the height of the R80XL as being "250 ft (78 m)"[sic], "over 250 ft (78 m)"[sic], "approximately 80 m", and "80 m".
The 27-spoke wheel can rotate at speeds from 2 revolutions per hour up to 4 revolutions per hour.
The R80XL can be specified either with 27 passenger capsules, each able to carry up to 16 persons, or with 54 capsules, each able to carry up to 8 passengers. The smaller capsules are available in back-to-back, face-to-face, cocktail, or dinner layouts. A six-seat VIP capsule is also offered. All capsule variants are designed and manufactured by CWA Constructions of Switzerland.

## Manufacturers

Maurer German Wheels, a subsidiary of Maurer Söhne, holds an exclusive license to manufacture the R80XL in Europe. Maurer produced the first example of the R80XL at its factory in Munich, and erected it there late in 2012 prior to its delivery to a customer in Mexico. On Friday January 11, 2013, members of the press and media were invited by Maurer German Wheels and Bussink Design to experience the R80XL first hand. Various team members, including Ronald Bussink, were present.
Chance American Wheels, a subsidiary of Chance Rides of Wichita, Kansas, holds an exclusive license to manufacture and sell the R80XL SV in North America. The first wheel is expected to be ready for delivery by the beginning of 2014.
Breman Mega Wheels, a subsidiary of Breman Machinery is based in Genemuiden in the center of the Netherlands and is an Official Licensed Manufacturer of R80XL.
# Querschnitt

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Querschnitt ("Cross section") is a compilation album by German industrial metal band Megaherz. It was released in 2001.

## Track listing
### CD 1

* "Miststück" - 3:29
* "Gott sein" - 4:13
* "Kopf durch die Wand" - 4:29
* "Wer bist du?" - 3:05
* "Kopfschuss" - 4:19
* "Herz aus Stein" - 4:04
* "Jordan" - 3:38
* "Burn" - 1:37
* "Rappunzel" - 3:57
* "Himmelfahrt" - 6:01
* "Tanz auf dem Vulkan" - 5:41
* "Das Licht am Ende der Welt" - 4:23
* "Hurra – Wir leben noch" - 4:43
* "Schlag' zurück" - 3:59
* "Teufel" - 5:00
* "Hänschenklein '97" - 2:50

### CD 2

* "Freiflug" (radio edit) - 3:48
* "Freiflug" - 4.58
* "Liebestöter (Club Mix)" - 4.35
* "Liebestöter (Atomic Mix)" - 5:33
* "Rock Me, Amadeus" (radio edit) - 3:26
* "Rock Me, Amadeus (Fieberwahn Mix)" - 6:02
* "Gott sein (Blemish's Buss & Bet Mix)" - 7:39
* "Gott sein (Kerosin Take Off Mix)" - 4:30
* "Himmelfahrt" (radio edit) - 4:29

### Multimedia bonus track

* "Freiflug" (music video) - 3:46
# RICE chart

An ICE table or RICE box or RICE chart is a tabular system of keeping track of changing concentrations in an equilibrium reaction. ICE stands for initial, change, equilibrium. It is used in chemistry to keep track of the changes in amount of substance of the reactants and also organize a set of conditions that one wants to solve with. Some sources refer to a RICE table (or box or chart) where the added R stands for the reaction to which the table refers. Others simply call it a concentration table (for the acid–base equilibrium).

## Example

To illustrate the processes, consider the case of dissolving a weak acid, HA, in water. The pH can be calculated using an ICE table. Note that in this example, we are assuming that the acid is not very weak, and that the concentration is not very dilute, so that the concentration of [OH$^−$] ions can be neglected. This is equivalent to the assumption that the final pH will be below about 6 or so. See pH calculations for more details.
First write down the equilibrium expression. ${\ce {HA<=>{A^{-}}+{H+}}}$ The columns of the table correspond to the three species in equilibrium.
| (R) | [HA] | [A$^−$] | [H$^+$] |
| I | C$_a$ | 0 | 0 |
| C | −x | +x | +x |
| E | C$_a$ − x | x | x |
The first row shows the reaction, which some authors label R and some leave blank.
The second row, labeled I, has the initial conditions: the nominal concentration of acid is C$_a$ and it is initially undissociated, so the concentrations of A$^−$ and H$^+$ are zero.
The third row, labeled C, specifies the change that occurs during the reaction. When the acid dissociates, its concentration changes by an amount ⁠$-x$⁠, and the concentrations of A$^−$ and H$^+$ both change by an amount ⁠$+x$⁠. This follows from consideration of mass balance (the total number of each atom/molecule must remain the same) and charge balance (the sum of the electric charges before and after the reaction must be zero).
Note that the coefficients in front of the "x" correlate to the mole ratios of the reactants to the product. For example, if the reaction equation had 2 H$^+$ ions in the product, then the "change" for that cell would be "2x"
The fourth row, labeled E, is the sum of the first two rows and shows the final concentrations of each species at equilibrium.
It can be seen from the table that, at equilibrium, [H$^+$] = x.
To find x, the acid dissociation constant (that is, the equilibrium constant for acid-base dissociation) must be specified.
$K_{\text{a}}={\frac {{\ce {[H^+][A^-]}}}{{\ce {[HA]}}}}$
Substitute the concentrations with the values found in the last row of the ICE table.
$K_{\text{a}}={\frac {x^{2}}{C_{a}-x}}$
$x^{2}+K_{\text{a}}x-K_{\text{a}}C_{a}=0$
With specific values for C$_a$ and K$_a$ this quadratic equation can be solved for x. Assuming that pH = −log$_{10}$[H$^+$] the pH can be calculated as pH = −log$_{10}$x.
If the degree of dissociation is quite small, C$_a$ ≫ x and the expression simplifies to $K_{\text{a}}={\frac {x^{2}}{C_{a}}}$ and pH = ⁠1/2⁠ (pK$_a$ − log C$_a$). This approximate expression is good for pK$_a$ values larger than about 2 and concentrations high enough.
# RICO Taxi Aéreo

RICO Táxi Aéreo LTDA is a Brazilian air taxi company headquartered in Manaus, Amazonas, which offers non-scheduled and charter passenger and cargo flights.

## History

In 1952, the Turkish immigrant Munur Yurtsever, known as Commander Mickey, who worked as an airplane mechanic in Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, bought an aircraft and started to fly in the region. The operations consisted of transportation of cargo to gold-mining locations of the region using small aircraft.
During the 1960s, Mickey started a small charter and air taxi company called Taxi Aéreo Rondônia, specialized in flying to gold-mining centers of Rondônia and headquartered in Porto Velho. During the construction of the Trans-Amazonian highway in the 1970s, the company changed its headquarters to Manaus, and provided air services to the big construction companies that were building the highway.
Later, Yurtsever also created RICO – Rondônia Indústria e Comércio, a company that in 1980 would be merged with Taxi Aéreo Rondônia to create RICO Taxi Aéreo.
From 1974 to 1982 RICO Taxi Aéreo maintained a contract with Petrobras to provide air-transportation while it was searching for oil and natural gas in the Amazonian region. At that time, RICO operated 23 Douglas DC-3s being the largest private operator of this type of aircraft in the world.
On 1 November 1996, while maintaining its independent air taxi operations, the owners of Rico Táxi Aéreo created Rico Linhas Aéreas, a regional scheduled airline. This airline ceased operations in 2010. However, air taxi continued.

## Fleet

Rico Linhas Aéreas included the following aircraft configured in all-economy class as of September 2024:

## Accidents and incidents

* 7 October 1978: Douglas C-47A PT-KVU of RICO Taxi Aéreo overran the runway on landing at Carlos Prates Airport, Belo Horizonte. All 19 people on board survived, but the aircraft was damaged beyond economic repair.
# RTT

RTT may refer to:

## Computing and communications

* Real-time text, text transmitted as it is generated
* Régie des Télegraphes et Téléphones, a Belgian telecom company (now Proximus Group)
* Render to Texture, in computer graphics
* Round-trip time, in telecommunications

## Entertainment

* Radio and Television of Montenegro (formerly Radio-Televizija Titograd), a public broadcaster
* Real-time tactics, a genre of strategy game
* Télévision Tunisienne 1, a TV channel (formerly RTT 1966–1983)

## Government and military

* Race to the Top, a US federal education grant (2010–2013)
* Recapture Tactics Team, a US Marine Corps specialist unit (formed 1987)

## Transport

* Realtime Trains, a British rail service tracker (launched 2012)
* River Trade Terminal, an inland port in Hong Kong (founded 1996)

## Other uses

* Rett syndrome, a neurological disorder
* Rooftop tent
# RTIC Outdoors

RTIC Outdoors, previously known as RTIC Coolers, is an American manufacturer and online retailer which sells outdoor equipment. It is based in Houston, Texas.

## History

RTIC Outdoors was founded in 2015 by twin brothers Jim and John Jacobsen, as RTIC Coolers. Initially, it was a manufacturer of coolers but later expanded to include bottles, chairs, bags, tumblers, and related accessories.
In July 2018, RTIC changed its name from RTIC Coolers to RTIC Outdoors.
In November 2018, RTIC opened a 10,000-square-foot retail store in Katy, Texas.
In September 2020, RTIC was acquired by Wind Point Partners, a Chicago-based private equity firm.
In 2023, RTIC became the official cooler and drinkware sponsor of the NASCAR Cup Series.

## Locations

RTIC has a 10,000-square-foot retail store in Katy, Texas. RTIC also operates two warehouses in the Houston area.
# R (Privacy International) v Investigatory Powers Tribunal

R (Privacy International) v Investigatory Powers Tribunal [2019] UKSC 22, is a judgment of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. It caused controversy due to the majority's suggestion that courts will not give effect to ouster clauses even when Parliament's intent is clear, thus undermining the concept of parliamentary sovereignty.

## Facts

Section 67(8) of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 purported to exclude from challenge or appeal any decision of the Investigatory Powers Tribunal (IPT). The Tribunal ruled against an application by Privacy International relating to the proper construction of a section of the Intelligence Services Act 1994.
Privacy International sought judicial review of the IPT's decision. It lost in both the High Court (Sir Brian Leveson P and Leggatt J) and in the Court of Appeal (Sales, Flaux, and Floyd LJJ).

## Judgment

Lord Sumption (with whom Lord Reed agreed) and Lord Wilson dissented.

## Commentary

Richard Ekins said the ruling "undermines the rule of law and violates the sovereignty of Parliament". According to Ekins, any judge who deliberately ignored an ouster clause "would warrant removal from office in accordance with the terms of the Senior Courts Act 1981".
# RNA modification database

This RNA modification databases are a compilation of databases and web portals and servers used for RNA modification. RNA modification occurs in all living organisms, and is one of the most evolutionarily conserved properties of RNAs. More than 100 different types of RNA modifications have been characterized across all living organisms. It can affect the activity, localization as well as stability of RNAs, and has been linked with human cancer and diseases.

## RNA Modification Databases

| Name | Description | type | Link |
| RMBase | RMBase is designed for decoding the landscape of RNA modifications identified from high-throughput sequencing data (Pseudo-seq, Ψ-seq, CeU-seq, Aza-IP, MeRIP-seq, m6A-seq, miCLIP, m6A-CLIP, RiboMeth-seq). It demonstrated thousands of RNA modifications located within mRNAs, regulatory ncRNAs (e.g. lncRNAs, miRNAs), miRNA target sites, RNA-Binding Proteins (RBPs) Binding sites and disease-related SNPs. | database | website |
| MODOMICS | MODOMICS is a database of RNA modifications that provides comprehensive information concerning the chemical structures of modified ribonucleosides, their biosynthetic pathways, RNA-modifying enzymes and location of modified residues in RNA sequences. | database | website |
| RNAmods | RNAmods serves as a focal point for information pertaining to naturally occurring RNA modifications | database | website |
# Quintus Fabius Maximus

Quintus Fabius Maximus may refer to:
* Quintus Fabius Maximus (consul 213 BC), Roman senator
* Quintus Fabius Maximus (consul 45 BC), Roman senator
* Quintus Fabius Maximus Aemilianus, Roman senator
* Quintus Fabius Maximus Allobrogicus, Roman senator
* Quintus Fabius Maximus Eburnus, Roman senator
* Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges (consul 292 BC), Roman senator
* Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges (consul 265 BC), Roman senator
* Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus, Roman general
* Quintus Fabius Maximus Servilianus (consul 142 BC), Roman senator and priest; adoptive son of QFM Aemilianus
* Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus ("Cunctator") (d. 203 BC), Roman general, two-time dictator
# Radanovići

Radanovići may refer to:
* Radanovići, Kiseljak, village in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Radanovići, Kotor, village in Montenegro
# Rab Forman

Robert Forman CBE WS (born 1948), known as Rab Forman, is a Scottish solicitor and politician. He was the Chairman of the Scottish Conservative and Unionist Party between June 2015 and May 2022, succeeding Richard Keen, and prior to that appointment served as Honorary Secretary of the party for ten years.
Rab Forman was born in Edinburgh and graduated from Royal High School and the University of Edinburgh. He was elected as a Councillor for the former Lothian Regional Council in 1990. He served the Merchiston and Morningside ward for four years. He was a senior partner at Blackadders LLP, where he practised as a private client solicitor.
Forman is a Writer to The Signet and was appointed a Member of The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire in the 2015 Queen's Birthday honours list. He was further awarded a CBE in the King’s Birthday honours list in 2024. He is the honorary president of his former school, Royal High School. He is a former Moderator of the Society of High Constables of Edinburgh. He is also the former captain of Mortonhall Golf Club.
# Rab Kilgour

Robert 'Rab' Kilgour (born 20 October 1956 in Edinburgh) is a Scottish former footballer, who played for Meadowbank Thistle, Whitehill Welfare, Hibernian and St Johnstone.
# Rachel Zuntz

Rachel Zuntz (1787–1874), was a German businessperson. She founded the famous coffee company A. Zuntz sel. Wwe. in Bonn in 1837, which expanded all over Germany and Belgium and provided coffee for the Imperial German court.
# RAF Kuala Lumpur

Royal Air Force Kuala Lumpur or more simply RAF Kuala Lumpur is a former Royal Air Force (RAF) station in the Federation of Malaya and saw extensive use during the Malayan Emergency.
It was built and opened by the RAF in 1931.

## Military

The airfield was home to: No. 52 Squadron operating Vickers Valettas, used for supply dropping to Army troops in the jungle. In 1959-1961 it was the only operational squadron in the RAF.
* No. 155 Squadron operating Westland Whirlwind HC.4 helicopters.
* No. 194 Squadron operating Westland Dragonfly helicopters/re-equipped with Bristol Sycamore HC.14 helicopters.
* No. 110 Squadron above two squadrons merged on 3 June 1959.
* No. 267 Squadron operating Douglas Dakota, Vickers Valetta, Scottish Aviation Single and Twin Pioneers (Dakota and Auster using broadcasting loudspeakers.)
* 848 Naval Air Squadron (Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm) using Whirlwind helicopters.
* No 656 Squadron Army Mobile Servicing Squadron servicing Auster AOP.6, Auster T.7 and Auster AOP.9.
* The Royal New Zealand Air Force 41 Squadron (RNZAF) used Bristol Freighters.
The station was handed over to Royal Malaysian Air Force in 1961. During the height of the Emergency, the single runway had the highest number of aircraft movements in the world.
The station was situated about 3 miles from the town with its own swimming pool and cinema. It is commonly known to the locals as Sungai Besi Air Force Base.

## Civilian

The airfield was also the site of the first civil airport, Sungai Besi Airport, which had a route to London with British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) using Britannia aircraft. The airport opened in about 1957. Malayan Airways operated Dakota aircraft on domestic flights. The Duke of Gloucester was greeted at the airport by the British High Commissioner in Malaya, Sir Donald Charles MacGillivray, when Malaya was granted independence ("Merdeka").
Sungai Besi Airport was in use as a civilian airport long before 1957, with Malayan Airways Airspeed Consuls and DC3's flying in and out of the airport from the late 1940s. BOAC Argonauts used the airport in the early 1950s, after the Marsden Matting runway and taxiways were replaced by asphalt. A new terminal building was built in 1957 and this may be the source of confusion as to the date the airport was opened. This building was demolished around 2004.
Qantas started Super Constellation services into the airport in 1958 and BOAC Comets replaced the Britannias in 1959.
The civilian airport was later replaced by Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport in 1965.
# Rabbit à la Berlin

Rabbit à la Berlin (Polish: Królik po berlińsku, Deutsch: Mauerhase) is a 2009 documentary film, directed by Bartosz Konopka. The script was written by Konopka and Mateusz Romaszkan, and the movie was a joint German-Polish production with the producers Heino Deckert and Anna Wydra. It was nominated for an Oscar in 2010 for Best Documentary, Short Subject. It has also won awards at the Kraków Film Festival and the Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival.
The film tells the story of the Berlin Wall but from point of view of a group of wild rabbits that inhabited the zone between the two walls separating West Berlin from East Germany during the Cold War.
# Rabbit vesivirus

Rabbit vesivirus (RaV) is a Caliciviridae virus that was first isolated in the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at Oregon State University, from the feces of rabbits suffering from gastrointestinal disease. The virus is a non-enveloped, isometric virus with diameter of around 30 nanometer.
Its viral genome is 8,295 nucleotides in size, consisting of positive single-stranded RNA with a small protein (VPg) covalently linked to its 5′ terminus and a 3′ poly-A tail with an average length of 85 nucleotides. The genome comprises three open reading frames, the most 5′ of which encodes a 1,880 amino acid proteolysis that yields the non-structural polypeptides upon self-cleavage. The vesivirus is the only genus of which all members are cultivable.
# Rabbitbrush

Rabbitbrush is a common name for shrubs, principally of the western United States, in three related genera of the family Asteraceae:
* Chrysothamnus — about seven species in the United States, including Greene's rabbitbrush
* Ericameria — about six species in the United States, including gray (or rubber) and Parry's rabbitbrush
* Lorandersonia — about four species in the United States, including Bailey's rabbitbrush and spearleaf rabbitbrush
Taxonomy for these genera has changed recently; previously, the rabbitbrushes in Ericameria and Lorandersonia were included in Chrysothamnus. In each of these genera, not all species are called "rabbitbrush"; most Ericameria, for instance, are called "goldenbush", and only a minority are called "rabbitbrush".
# Bady Minck

Bady Minck (born in Ettelbruck, Luxembourg) is a Luxembourgish filmmaker, film producer and artist.

## Life

She studied sculpture at the Academy of Fine Arts and experimental film at the University of Applied Arts in Vienna. Her work has been screened at international film festivals (e.g. Cannes, Berlin, Toronto, Rotterdam, Locarno, Sundance) and exhibited at museums like the Centre Pompidou in Paris. She is a founding member of the film production companies AMOUR FOU Vienna and AMOUR FOU Luxembourg (Luxembourg). She lives and works in Vienna and Luxembourg.
In 2009, she was a member of the Venice Film Festival Orizzonti Jury.

## Filmography

* 2017 MappaMundi, 45 min, Premiere: Sundance 2017
* 2008 Schein Sein (Seems To Be), 8 min, Premiere: Berlinale 2008
* 2007 Free Radicals, 90 min, with Bernhard Zachhuber, Premiere: Biennale di Venezia 2007
* 2007 Das Sein und das Nichts (Being and Nothingness), 10 min, Premiere: Biennale di Venezia 2007
* 2006 Roll over Mozart, 1 min, Premiere: Rotterdam IFF 2006
* 2005 La Belle est la Bête, 3 min, Premiere: Rotterdam IFF 2005
* 2003 Im Anfang war der Blick (In the Beginning was the Eye), 45 min, Premiere: Festival de Cannes 2003
* 1996 Mécanomagie, 16 min, Premiere: Rotterdam IFF 1997
* 1995 Attwengers Luft (The Air by Attwenger), 3 min, Premiere: Locarno IFF 1996
* 1988 Der Mensch mit den modernen Nerven (The Man with modern Nerves), 8 min, with Stefan Stratil, Premiere: Festival de Cannes 1989
# Radesca S.A.

Radesca S.A. (also known as JUAN J. RADESCA S.A.) is an electronics manufacturing company in Uruguay, in the neighborhood of Peñarol in Montevideo. The company is the only producer of lead-acid batteries in the country. The factory was founded in 1935 and has been operated as a family business since. As of 2013, they employed 43 people and were protected by the national government as part of maintenance of national industries, especially for national automotive parts. They gained significant prominence during the Import substitution industrialization policy period during the 1960s.
Their main manufacturing and smelting plant for lead in Montevideo is one of the main sources of lead contamination in the country. During the 1960s, the plant employed a number of processes for lead-acid battery recycling that exposed both employees and the local communities to large levels of industrial contamination. Workers would later describe active collusion between doctors, state agencies and the managers to hide the impact of lead on worker health.
# Rahmat Saleh Baloch

Rahmat Saleh Baloch is a Pakistani politician who was a Member of the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan, from May 2013 to May 2018.

## Early life and education

He was born on 1 January 1975 in Panjgur District.
He has received a degree in Bachelor of Science from Degree College Panjgur in 1997.

## Political career

He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan in 2002 Pakistani general election.
He was re-elected to the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan as a candidate of National Party from Constituency PB-42 Panjgoor-I in 2013 Pakistani general election.
# Raimundus Li Quanzhen

Raimundus Li Quanzhen was layman and a devout Christian in the Apostolic Vicariate of Southeastern Zhili in Qing China, now the Roman Catholic Diocese of Xianxian. He was one of the first Christian martyrs during the Boxer Rebellion. He is one of the Martyr Saints of China.

## Life

Li was born in 1841 at Chentuncun, Jiaohe, Hebei, China.

## Martyrdom

On 30 June 1900, Li was beaten to death in Chentuncun, Jiaohe, Hebei, China.

## Canonization

Li was venerated on 22 February 1955 by Pope Pius XII as a martyr and beatified on 17 April 1955 by Pope Pius XII. He was canonized by Pope John Paul II on 1 October 2000 along with Mark Ji Tianxiang.