# List of post-classical physicians

The following is a list of post-classical physicians who were known to have practised, contributed, or theorised about medicine in some form between the 5th and 15th century CE.
| Name | Gender | Related periods | Century | Ethnicity | Known for |
| Theophilus Protospatharius | Man | Middle Ages | 7th century CE | Greek | |
| Palladius | Man | Middle Ages | 6th century CE | Greek | |
| Marcellus Empiricus | Man | Late antiquity | 4th–5th century CE | Roman | Author of pharmacological compendium De medicamentis |
| Caelius Aurelianus | Man | Late antiquity | 5th century CE | Greco-Roman | Medical translator. |
| Adamantius Judaeus | Man | Late antiquity | 5th century CE | Greco-Roman Jew | |
| Benedict of Nursia | Man | Middle Ages | 6th century CE | Italian | Founder of "monastic medicine" |
| Alexander of Tralles | Man | Middle Ages | 6th-7th century CE | Byzantine | |
| Aetius of Amida | Man | Middle Ages | 6th century CE | Byzantine Greek | |
| Stephanus of Athens | Man | Middle Ages | 6th-7th century CE | Byzantine Greek | |
| Raban Gamaliel VI | Man | Late antiquity | 4th-5th century CE | Roman Jew | |
| Isidore of Seville | Man | Middle Ages | 6th-7th century CE | Byzantine | |
| Paul of Aegina | Man | Middle Ages | 7th century CE | Byzantine | Wrote Medical Compendium in Seven Books |
| Leo Itrosophist | Man | Middle Ages | 8th-9th century CE | Byzantine | Wrote "Epitome of Medicine". |
| Al-Kindi | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 9th century CE | Arab | Author of De Gradibus |
| Yuhanna ibn Masawaih | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 8th-9th century CE | Persian | Personal physician to four Abbasid caliphs. |
| Hunayn ibn Ishaq | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 9th century CE | Arab Christian | |
| al-Tabari | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 9th century CE | Persian | Produced one of the first encyclopedia of medicine titled Firdous al-Hikmah ("Paradise of wisdom"). |
| Theodosius Romanus | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 9th century CE | Syriac Christian | |
| Ishaq ibn Hunayn | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 10th century CE | Arab Christian | |
| Yahya ibn Sarafyun | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 9th century CE | Syriac Christian | |
| al-Razi | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 9th-10th century CE | Persian | Produce work in pediatrics and makes the first clear distinction between smallpox and measles in his al-Hawi. |
| Isaac Israeli ben Solomon | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 9th-10th century CE | Egyptian Jew | |
| Shabbethai Donnolo | Man | Middle Ages | 10th century CE | Graeco-Italian Jew | |
| al-Tamimi | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 10th century CE | Arab | |
| al-Majusi | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 10th century CE | Persian | Famous for the Kitab al-Maliki or Complete Book of the Medical Art, his textbook on medicine and psychology. |
| al-Zahrawi | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 10th-11th century CE | Arab Andalusian | Founder of early surgical and medical instruments, writing Kitab al-Tasrif. |
| Ibn Butlan | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 11th century CE | Arab Christian | Writer of Taqwīm as‑Siḥḥa [romanization: Tacuinum Sanitatis] or maintenance of health. |
| Michael Psellos | Man | Middle Ages | 11th century CE | Byzantine Greek | |
| Ibn al-Haytham | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 10th-11th century CE | Arab | |
| Ibn Sina | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 10th-11th century CE | Persian | Writer of Qanun-e dâr Tâb or The Canon of Medicine. |
| Simeon Seth | Man | Middle Ages | 11th-12 century CE | Byzantine Jew | |
| Constantine the African | Man | Middle Ages | 11th century CE | Unclear | |
| Anna Komnene | Woman | Middle Ages | 11th-12 century CE | Byzantine | |
| Trota of Salerno | Woman | Middle Ages | 12th century CE | Unclear | |
| Rahere | Man | Middle Ages | 12th century CE | Anglo-Norman | Founded the Priory of the Hospital of St Bartholomew in 1123. |
| Stephen of Pisa | Man | Middle Ages | 12th century CE | Italian | Translated works of Hali Abbas (the al-Kitab al-Maliki, by Ali Abbas al-Majusi), translated around 1127 into Latin as Liber regalis dispositionis. |
| Ibn Zuhr | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 11th-12 century CE | Arab Andalusian | |
| Ibn Rushd | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 12th century CE | Arab Andalusian | |
| Matthaeus Platearius | Man | Middle Ages | 12th century CE | Unclear | |
| Pope Innocent III | Man | Middle Ages | 12th-13th century CE | Italian | Organized the hospital of Santo Spirito at Rome inspiring others all over Europe |
| Ibn an-Nafis | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 13th century CE | Arab | Suggests that the right and left ventricles of the heart are separate and discovers the pulmonary circulation and coronary circulation. |
| Ibn al-Baytar | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 12th-13th century CE | Arab Andalusian | Wrote on botany and pharmacy, studied animal anatomy and medicine veterinary medicine. |
| Roger Bacon | Man | Middle Ages | 13th century CE | English | Ideas on experimental science and convex lens spectacles for treating long-sightedness. |
| Pietro d'Abano | Man | Middle Ages | 13th-14th century CE | Italian | Professor of medicine at the University of Padua. |
| Joannes Actuarius | Man | Middle Ages | 13th-14th century CE | Byzantine | Wrote the last great compendium of Byzantine medicine |
| Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya | Man | Islamic Golden Age | 13th-14th century CE | Unclear | |
| William of Saliceto | Man | Middle Ages | 13th century CE | Italian | |
| Henri de Mondeville | Man | Middle Ages | 13th-14th century CE | French | |
| Mondino de Luzzi | Man | Middle Ages | 13th-14th century CE | Italian | carried out the first systematic human dissections since Herophilus of Chalcedon and Erasistratus of Ceos 1500 years earlier. |
| Guy de Chauliac | Man | Middle Ages | 14th century CE | French | |
| John Arderne | Man | Middle Ages | 14th century CE | English | |
| Heinrich von Pfolspeundt | Man | Middle Ages | 15th century CE | German | |