OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Glacial Lake Columbia

Glacial Lake Columbia was the lake formed on the ice-dammed Columbia River behind the Okanogan lobe of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet when the lobe covered 500 square miles (1,300 km$^2$) of the Waterville Plateau west of Grand Coulee in central Washington state during the Wisconsin glaciation. Lake Columbia was a substantially larger version of the modern-day lake behind the Grand Coulee Dam. Lake Columbia's overflow – the diverted Columbia River – drained first through Foster Coulee, and as the ice dam grew, then through Moses Coulee, and finally, the Grand Coulee.

## Glacial Lake Missoula

The Cordilleran ice sheet also blocked the Clark Fork River and created Glacial Lake Missoula, rising behind a 2,000 feet (610 m) high ice dam in flooded valleys of western Montana. Over 2000 years the ice dam periodically failed, releasing approximately 40 high-volume Missoula Floods of water down the Columbia River drainage, passing through glacial Lake Columbia. The largest flood is estimated to be the initial flood at 2,500 km$^3$ (600 cu mi), with subsequent floods occurring at roughly 20 to 80 year intervals. Since Lake Columbia was impounded behind the Okanogan lobe, which rose to 1,300 meters (4,300 ft), this lobe effectively blocked the normal course of the Columbia River, blocking the Missoula Floods and diverting water to flow across much of eastern Washington state. The erosion from the floods created the Grand Coulee as well as the Dry Falls, Palouse Falls, and the Channeled Scablands features of eastern Washington state.

## Flood deposits

Flood beds on the Sanpoil arm of glacial Lake Columbia show episodic flood deposits as well as deposit grading and rhythmical repetition. Since Glacial Lake Columbia remained filled between Missoula floods, annual deposits (varves) can be observed between the Missoula flood deposits, they help to establish the periodicity of these major floods. The flood deposits can be distinguished from annually-deposited varves by both their thickness and the presence of materials foreign to the immediate drainage. Atwater reports from 35 to 55 annual varves between flood deposits in Lake Columbia, supporting a period of 35 to 55 years between ice dam failures.
# Giuseppe Pontiggia

Giuseppe Pontiggia (Italian pronunciation:; 25 September 1934 – 27 June 2003) was an Italian writer and literary critic.

## Biography

He was born in Como, and moved to Milan with his family in 1948. In 1959 he graduated from the Università Cattolica in Milan with a thesis on Italo Svevo. After a first unnoticed short story anthology published in 1959, Pontiggia, encouraged by Elio Vittorini, decided to devote himself entirely to writing starting in 1961.
His first novel was L'arte della fuga in 1968. Pontiggia won the Premio Strega in 1989 with La grande sera and the Premio Campiello in 2001 with Nati due volte. He also wrote numerous articles and essays.
He died in Milan in 2003 of a circulatory stroke. He was an atheist.
# Farrer Road MRT station

Farrer Road MRT station is an underground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the Circle line, located along the boundary of Farrer Court (Bukit Timah) and Tyersall (Tanglin) planning areas, Singapore. It is built underneath Farrer Road, the thoroughfare which gives the station its name, and is located near the Farrer Gardens Estate.
Farrer Road was named after Roland John Farrer, who was President of the Municipal Commissioners from 1919 to 1931. To avoid confusion with Farrer Park MRT station, the station was renamed to Farrer Road on 11 January 2007. The station serves the nearby Farrer Gardens housing estate, many condominiums and private homes, schools, and places of worship.
Farrer Road station is built underneath its namesake road, between the junctions of Empress Road and Woollerton Park.

## History

The junction of Farrer Road and Empress Road had been realigned from 1 December 2004, this marks the start of construction of Farrer Road MRT station. The station was renamed from Farrer to Farrer Road on 11 January 2007.
On 24 May 2008, a section of Cornwall Gardens above a section between Holland Village and Farrer Road stations along the Circle line collapsed, creating a 3 metre deep hole. No one was injured, but some of the households lost their access to cable TV and Internet, as well as the water supply. This is the third road that caved in during the construction of the Circle line.
It is often mistaken for Farrer Park MRT station; as such, station masters have put up a sign informing both locals and tourists that Farrer Road MRT is not the one located near the famous Mustafa Centre that they likely wanted to visit.

## Art in Transit

The artwork featured in this station under the Art in Transit programme is Art Lineage by Erzan Adam. In this community project, using lines as a key element to emphasise unity in art and in the community, members of the public were invited to paint coloured lines in any way they liked over three canvasses. The artist then digitised and overlayered the images to create a single piece, which is now displayed on the lift shaft in the station.
# Gladys Fries Harriman

Gladys Fries Harriman (1896–1983) was an American philanthropist, equestrian and big game hunter. She was an executive at the American Red Cross. She became one of the first female equestrian drivers and big game hunters.

## Early life

Harriman was born in 1896 in New York City. She was the daughter of Dr. Harold Fries and Catherine Cahill. Her father was a chemist with business concerns in the South.

## Career

She was a competitive driver and trotter of standardbred horses, winning many medals for it. In 1929, she became the first female two-minute driver when she drove Highland Scott over a mile in two minutes in Goshen, New York.
She was one of the earliest female big game hunter. She often hunted deer near her estate in Arden, New York state. In the 1930s, she went goat hunting near the Salmon River in Idaho and in the Rocky Mountains of Wyoming with her husband. She went grouse-hunting in Scotland in 1934. She also went chamois-hunting in the Austrian Alps. In 1937, she went bighorn sheep-hunting near Crystal Creek in Wyoming. She then went caribou-hunting in British Columbia, Canada in 1938. She later published non-fiction books about her big game hunting experiences.

### Philanthropy

She began supporting the American Red Cross in the 1920s. During World War II, she became an executive for the Red Cross, serving as Chairman of Volunteer Services of its New York branch.

## Personal life

On April 12, 1917, she married the banker Edward Roland Harriman (1895–1978), the younger brother of New York Governor W. Averell Harriman (1891–1986). The Harriman brothers were the sons of railroad baron Edward Henry Harriman and his wife, Mary Williamson Averell. Together, Gladys and Harriman had two daughters:
* Elizabeth Harriman, who was married to Alexander C. Northrop, then Maximillian Bliss, Jr.
* Phyllis Harriman, a landscape painter, who was married for several years to fellow artist Frank Herbert Mason (1921–2009)
They resided in Arden, New York. They were listed in the Social Register.
Her husband predeceased her on February 16, 1978. She died in 1983, both in Arden, New York.
# Gladys Foster

Gladys Foster may refer to:
* Gladys Johnston née Foster (1906–1983), Canadian artist
* Gladys Foster, character in Legion
# Giuseppe Porsile

Giuseppe Porsile (also Persile, Porcile, Porsille; Naples, 5 May 1680 – Vienna, 29 May 1750) was a Neapolitan composer and singing teacher.
Giuseppe was son of one Carlo Porsile, composer of an opera Nerone (Naples, 1686). As a young man Giuseppe was well received for his sacred music at the Spanish Chapel in Naples and in 1707/1708 invited to the principal capilla real in Barcelona. At this time he was one of many Neapolitan Musicians invited to serve the court of Charles III.
On July 3, 1707, on the oath of allegiance to the new Austrian Viceroy Georg Adam von Martinitz at Aversa Cathedral, Francesco Mancini and Porsile performed a Te Deum of the previous maestro de capella Gaetano Veneziano (1665–1716) who had fled Naples with the Spanish Viceroy Juan Manuel Fernández Pacheco, 8th Marquis of Villena. Mancini was awarded Veneziano's job, Porsile was awarded that of the former assistant Domenico Sarro.
When Charles III removed to Vienna to become Emperor Charles VI Porsile was not among those immediately accompanying him. He remained a further two years in Barcelona and then in 1714 transferred to the service of the Emperor at Vienna. He remained in Vienna until 1735, where he composed several operas and oratorios.

## Works

* opera Il Ritorno di Ulisse alla patria (1707)
* La Giuditta
* Cantata sopra l'arcicalascione. - the song of a lovelorn fisherman playing a calascione with three extra strings, hence an arci-calascione.
* Cantata E già tre volte
# Farm truck

A farm truck also called agriculture truck is a vehicle designated for agricultural use and may include anything from small pick-up trucks or full size trucks.
Agro Trucks are considered to be a future replacement for traditional farm tractors because of the versatile platform of a tractor truck, which can work in fields with comfort and haul heavy loads on roads with higher speeds compared to the farm tractor. Agro trucks traditional industrial trucks equipped with agriculture tires, bigger suspensions, drawbar coupling, tow hitch, three point hitch and fifth wheel coupling.
With growing farm land size, operators and owners focus on reducing the cost of equipment and fuel consumption. Having an agro truck reduces the equipment count to half because the same equipment is used to farm and transport goods as a tractor can only be used to farm, but transportation by a tractor is difficult and agro trucks are welcomed by the laws and other road users.

## Manufacturers

* MAN Truck & Bus
* Daimler Truck
* Tatra
* Paul Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
# Glamour (album)

Glamour is the sixth album of the Japanese hard rock band Show-Ya. The album was released on 24 August 1988. All musical arrangements are by Makoto Matsushita and Show-Ya. The single "Aisazu Ni Irarenai - Still Be Hangin' on" is Show-Ya's version of an unused demo from the recording sessions of Cheap Trick's Lap of Luxury album. The song is sung both in English and Japanese, with the lyrics translated by Keiko Terada. This album was mixed by Andy Johns in Los Angeles. It reached position No. 16 in the Japanese Oricon chart.

## Track listing

* "I Gotta Your Love" (Keiko Terada) – 3:46
* "The Wind" (Miki Igarashi, Terada) – 3:30
* "Aisazu ni Irarenai - Still Be Hangin' On" (愛さずにいられない – Still Be Hangin' On) (Jonathan Cain & Rick Nielsen, trans. Terada) – 3:39
* "Come On!" (Show-Ya, Terada) – 4:11
* "Dakareta Mama" (抱かれたまま) (Miki Nakamura, Terada) – 4:25
* "Keep Me in Your Heart" (Tom Keifer) – 2:50
* "Rock Train" (Satomi Senba & Miki Tsunoda) – 4:43
* "Fixer" (フィクサー) (Terada) – 4:24
* "Yoru no Sei Ja Nai" (夜のせいじゃない) (Terada) – 4:48
* "Kagirinaku Haruka na Jiyuu E (Go Again)" (限りなくはるかな自由へ～Go Again～) (Igarashi, Terada) – 4:59
* "We'll Still Be Hangin' On" (Jonathan Cain & Rick Nielsen) – 4:58

## Personnel
### Band Members

* Keiko Terada – vocals
* Miki Igarashi – guitars
* Miki Nakamura – keyboards
* Satomi Senba – bass
* Miki Tsunoda – drums

### Production

* Nobuo Maeda, Yoshikazu Nakabayashi – engineers
* Paul Wertheimer – engineer, mixing at Ameraycan Studio, Hollywood, California
* Ken Nakai, Micajah Ryan, Sachio Yotsumoto, Toshimi Nanseki – assistant engineers
* Andy Johns – mixing
* Yoichi Aikawa – mastering
# Giulio Cesare Riccardi

Giulio Cesare Riccardi (died 13 Feb 1602) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Bari-Canosa (1592–1602) and Apostolic Nuncio to Savoy (1595–1601).

## Biography

On 30 Oct 1592, Giulio Cesare Riccardi was appointed during the papacy of Pope Clement VIII as Archbishop of Bari-Canosa. On 15 Nov 1592, he was consecrated bishop by Enrico Caetani, Cardinal-Priest of Santa Pudenziana, with Guillaume de St-Marcel d'Avançon, Archbishop of Embrun, and Leonard Abel, Titular Bishop of Sidon, serving as co-consecrators. On 1 Apr 1595, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Clement VIII as Apostolic Nuncio to Savoy where he served until 2 Aug 1601. He served as Archbishop of Bari-Canosa until his death on 13 Feb 1602.
# Gladys Skillett

Gladys Skillett (2 May 1918 – 11 February 2010), born Gladys Eileen Dillingham, was a British Guernsey nurse. In September 1942, during World War II and the German occupation of the Channel Islands, Skillett was one of 834 people from the Bailiwick of Guernsey to be deported to Germany. Nearly 2,000 Channel Islanders were to be deported during World War II.
Skillett was five months pregnant when she, and her London-born husband, Sydney Skillett, were sent to the Lindele internment camp near the town of Biberach an der Riß, Germany. Skillett gave birth to a son, David Skillett, in a small hospital in Biberach, becoming the first Channel Islander, as well as the first woman from Guernsey, to give birth in German wartime captivity. While in the hospital's maternity ward, Skillett befriended a German woman named Maria Koch, who had also just given birth to a son, Heiner. Koch's husband, Julius Koch, was in the Wehrmacht. The two women continued their unlikely friendship through the fences surrounding Skillett's camp during the war.
Skillett's Lindele internment camp was liberated on 23 April 1945 by General Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque. Skillett delivered supplies to Maria Koch and her family before being repatriated to Guernsey. However, their friendship has endured in series of exchanges between the people of Guernsey and the people of Biberach, which continue up until her death. In 2005, 60-year-old David Skillett and Heiner Koch marched together in Biberach's Schützenfest, along with another of Gladys's daughters, Gloria, who was also born during the German internment.
Skillett died on 11 February 2010 aged 91.
# Gladys Smithwick

Laura Gladys Smithwick (May 28, 1898 – December 28, 1964) was an American physician. She served as a Presbyterian medical missionary in China and the Belgian Congo.

## Early life

Smithwick was born in Warren County, North Carolina, one of the eight children of James Walter Smithwick and Laura S. Fort Smithwick. She completed a bachelor's degree at Oxford College in North Carolina in 1919. She earned a medical degree the Medical College of Virginia in 1925, where she was a member of the Alpha Epsilon Iota professional society. She later earned a master's degree in public health at Tulane University, and studied anesthesiology at Massachusetts Memorial Hospital in Boston.

## Career

After medical school, Smithwick worked at the Catawba Sanatorium in Virginia, and the Rhode Island State Sanatorium. She spent much of her career as a medical missionary with the American Southern Presbyterian Mission. She was posted in China from 1929 to 1935, where she was co-director of a women's hospital at Suzhou. She was an anesthesiologist and an active clubwoman in Lexington, Kentucky, in the 1930s and 1940s.
Smithwick hoped to return to China after World War II; instead, she studied French in Belgium, and worked at a leprosarium in the Kasai Province of the Belgian Congo, from 1949 to 1963.
On furloughs in the United States, she spoke about her work at Presbyterian churches.

## Personal life

Smithwick died in 1964, aged 66 years, at a hospital in Charlotte, North Carolina. There is a file of her letters in the Presbyterian Historical Society archives.
# Glencove, Washington

Glencove is an unincorporated community in Pierce County, in the U.S. state of Washington.

## History

A post office called Glencove was established in 1896, and remained in operation until 1924. The origin of the name Glencove is obscure.
The Glencove Hotel is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
# Glaphyromorphus nigricaudis

The black-tailed bar-lipped skink (Glaphyromorphus nigricaudis) is a species of skink found in Northern Territory and Queensland in Australia, Papua New Guinea and Indonesia.
# Glaurocarini

Glaurocarini is a tribe of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Genera

* Glaurocara Thomson, 1869
* Semisuturia Malloch, 1927
# Glomar

Glomar may refer to:
* Global Marine, a drilling contractor which merged with Santa Fe International Corporation to form GlobalSantaFe Corporation. Now part of Transocean.
* Glomar Challenger, the drillship used for the Deep Sea Drilling Project
* Glomar Explorer, a large salvage vessel built by the CIA
* Glomar response, a "neither confirm nor deny" response by agents of US national security
# Farai Morobane

Farai Morobane is a South African public policy manager for human rights at Meta Platforms and an LGBT activist for the African continent, heading the organization LGBT+Forum. She has written extensively on LGBT issues, women’s rights, and income inequality across Africa.
# Glinki

Glinki may refer to the following places:
* Glinki, Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Glinki, Bydgoszcz County in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Glinki, Inowrocław County in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Glinki, Nakło County in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Glinki, Garwolin County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Glinki, Otwock County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Glinki, Sochaczew County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Glinki, Grajewo County in Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland)
* Glinki, Kolno County in Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland)
* Glinki, Puck County in Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland)
* Glinki, Działdowo County in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
* Glinki, Ełk County in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
* Glinki, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland)
* Glinki, Szczecin
# Glauser

Glauser is a surname. People with this surname or its variants include:
* Calvin Henry Glauser (1923–2007), Canadian bank employee and political figure in Saskatchewan
* Elisabeth Glauser (born 1943), Swiss operatic mezzo-soprano and academic voice teacher
* Friedrich Glauser (1896–1938), Swiss writer
* Hansruedi Glauser (1945–2014), Swiss chess master
* Laura Glauser (born 1993), French handballer in the French national team
* Nelly Glauser (born 1966), Swiss long-distance runner
* Tamy Glauser (born 1985), Swiss model
# Farben

Farben (German: "color") may refer to:
* IG Farben - former German chemical industry conglomerate
** IG Farben Building - former corporate headquarters of IG Farben in Frankfurt, Germany
** IG Farben Trial - the war crimes trial of 24 IG Farben executives following World War II
* Alle Farben (born 1985), German DJ and record producer
* Jan Jelinek - German electronic musician, who has performed under the name "Farben"
* Farben Lehre - Polish punk rock band
* Third movement of Arnold Schoenberg's Five Pieces for Orchestra
# Glen D. Palmer Dam

The Glen D. Palmer Dam is a 6-foot-high (1.8 m) dam across the Fox River in Yorkville, Illinois, about 35.9 miles (58.2 km) upstream from the confluence with the Illinois River, and 940 feet (366 m) upstream from the Route-47 bridge. The dam is named after the original manager of the State Game Farm, formerly located in Yorkville.
There has been a dam at this site since the early 19th century. Kendall County was established on February 19, 1841 and the government township (37 North, Range, 7 East) plat was signed on August 25, 1842. Labeled on this plat are: "Howe's Mill Dam" and a sawmill on the south side of the river. Surveys taken in 1837 and 1838, show there was a dam across the Fox River at Yorkville as part of a mill, near the present dam location. Records indicate that the Yorkville mill buildings were destroyed by fire. In 1915 an old "wood crib" dam existed across the Fox River, with a head-race on the south side of the river. It collapsed subsequent to a Spring flood. Its ruins remained submerged and decomposing, until such time as the current dam was built in 1962, as a part of the Stratton project dam system which was designed to keep the river navigable from the Wisconsin border to the confluence with the Illinois River. The original dam had a modified ogee crest and a spillway length of 530 ft (160 m), which created turbulence at the base of the dam. As a result, there were a number of fatal accidents caused when kayakers or canoers sailed over the dam, and at least 26 people have drowned at the dam.
In 2006, the Illinois Department of Natural Resources started to renovate the dam changing the shape of the spillway and adding a fish ladder and an 1,100-foot-long (340 m) fish/ canoe bypass channel. The project was completed in 2010. This project was the first Denil style ladder in the State of Illinois.
# Federal City Express

The Federal City Express was an Australian passenger train operated by the New South Wales Government Railways between Sydney and Canberra from September 1936 until May 1955.
Initially hauled by steam locomotives, the Monday to Thursday was taken over by Silver City Comet stock from October 1939 for a few years when increasing demand necessitated it be steam hauled again.
It was replaced in May 1955 by the Canberra Monaro Express.