OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Profenusa thomsoni

Profenusa thomsoni, the amber-marked birch leaf miner, is a species of sawfly in the family Tenthredinidae. It is native to the Palearctic realm but has spread to North America. The larvae feed on the foliage of birch trees.

## Description

The adult Profenusa thomsoni is black and about 3 mm (0.12 in) in length and fly-like in appearance. The whitish larva has short legs, dark markings on the first segment of the thorax, and two black spots on each of the second and third segments. It develops inside a leaf blade, the egg usually being laid close to the midrib and the larva hollowing out a "blotch"-shaped cavity. There are six instars, the last stage taking place on the ground as the larva searches out a place to pupate. A very similar sawfly, Fenusa pumila, also mines birch leaves, but tends to infest young, expanding leaves, and causes crinkling of the leaf blade, whereas P. thomsoni infests mature leaves which remain undistorted.

## Distribution and habitat

Profenusa thomsoni has a widespread distribution in the Palearctic realm in Europe and Asia. It was introduced into North America in the early twentieth century where it became invasive. By 1970 it had spread to Alberta, and by 1996, to Alaska. The larvae feed on a number of species of birch (Betula) and other members of the family Betulaceae.

## Life cycle

All individuals of Profenusa thomsoni are female and reproduction is by parthenogenesis. The eggs are laid inside mature leaves of the host tree, usually near the midrib. The larvae feed on the mesophyll tissue inside the leaf, creating a pale brownish "blotch"-shaped mine. Some leaves may have multiple larvae developing inside them. When fully mature, the larvae emerge through the underside of the leaf and fall to the ground, where they make chambers in which to pupate. They overwinter in these, emerging as adults in July and August the following year. There is a single generation per year.

## Ecology

P. thomsoni and F. pumila often occur on the same tree, and heavy infestations may cause extensive defoliation. P. thomsoni is uncommon in Europe, but after its introduction into North America, populations built up rapidly. In Alberta, populations of P. thomsoni plummeted in the early 1990s, and have remained low ever since. This was found to be associated with the larvae being attacked by the parasitic wasp Lathrolestes luteolator; hitherto the wasp had parasitised other species of sawfly larva, and this was the first occasion that this particular host/parasite relationship had been observed. The wasps lay eggs in late-stage larvae of the leaf miner, and the wasps' larvae mainly develop in the overwintering prepupae of their hosts.
# Norbert Ágh

Norbert Ágh (born 5 February 1970) is a Hungarian swimmer. He competed in two events at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Materdomini, Caposele

Materdomini is an Italian hamlet (frazione) situated in the municipality of Caposele, Province of Avellino, Campania. As of 2009 its population was of 735.

## History

Materdomini's name, a Latin word meaning Mother of God, derives from an ancient chapel dedicated to Santa Maria Materdomini, first mentioned in 1500. On October 16, 1755, Gerard Majella (originally of Muro Lucano) died in this chapel and was buried there. He was canonized in 1904. Mainly for this reason, during the first half of the 20th century, it grew into a village in the neighborhood of the Basilica of San Gerardo Maiella, one of the most important and respected Catholic sanctuaries of Campania and the surrounding areas.

## Geography

The town is located in the valley where the spring of the Sele river (in Caposele) is located and close to the Picentini mountain range. It is two km from Caposele, five from Teora, seven from Lioni, nine from Laviano (in the Province of Salerno). The exit "Caposele" of the rapid road Lioni-Contursi serves Materdomini directly.

## Personalities

* Gerard Majella (1726-1755), Roman Catholic saint
# Lunden (surname)

Lunden or Lundén is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Britt Strandberg (later Lundén, born 1934), Swedish cross-country skier
* Camilla Lundén (born 1967), Swedish actress
* Eldrid Lunden (born 1940), Norwegian poet and Norway's first professor in creative writing
* Humbert Lundén (1882–1961), Swedish sailor
* Joan Lunden (born 1950), American journalist, author and television host
* Jonas Lundén (born 1980), Swedish football player
* Josh Lunden (born 1986), Canadian ice hockey player
* Kåre Lunden (1930–2013), Norwegian historian
* Léon de Lunden, Belgian sports shooter
* Martin Lundén (1925–2011), Swedish swimmer
* Mikko Lundén, Finnish politician
* Mimi Sverdrup Lunden (1894–1955), Norwegian educator
* Peter London, born Peter Lundén, Swedish musician
* Ragnhild Lundén (born 1945), Swedish artist
* René Lunden (1902–1942), Belgian bobsledder
* Sara Lunden (born 1970), Swedish singer, musician and performance artist
* Siri Sverdrup Lunden (1920–2003), Norwegian linguist
* Tom Lundén (born 1950), Danish composer and music producer
# Grümpen

Grümpen may refer to:
* Grümpen, Frankenblick, a district of the municipality Frankenblick, Thuringia, Germany
* Grümpen (river), a river of Thuringia, Germany
# Hal Pegg

Harold Clark Pegg (September 10, 1915 – November 28, 1991), who preferred to be called "Hal" or "Mike", was an American football center who played for the Buffalo Indians of the American Football League (AFL) in 1940. He played college football at Bucknell and was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL) in the seventh round of the 1940 NFL draft. He played in seven games in 1940 for the Indians, starting five.
# Materewadi

Materewadi is a village in India in Maharashtra state, Nashik district and in Dindori taluka.
# Đồng Văn

Đồng Văn may refer to several places in Vietnam:
* Đồng Văn, Hà Nam [vi], a ward of Duy Tiên town
* Đồng Văn, Quế Phong [vi], a rural commune of Quế Phong District, Nghệ An Province
* Đồng Văn, Tân Kỳ [vi], a rural commune of Tân Kỳ District, Nghệ An Province
* Đồng Văn, Thanh Chương [vi], a rural commune of Thanh Chương District, Nghệ An Province
* Đồng Văn, Quảng Ninh [vi], a rural commune of Bình Liêu District
* Đồng Văn, Vĩnh Phúc [vi], a rural commune of Yên Lạc District
# Phat Planet

"Phat Planet" is a song by the English electronic group Leftfield, taken from their album Rhythm and Stealth, released in 1999. It is built on an insistent, two-note bassline, and the heavily distorted vocal of "Phat Planet", spoken by Neil Barnes. It was not released as a single, but was used on the "Surfer" advert for Guinness.

## Appearances and other releases

* An early version of "Phat Planet" soundtracks the "Surfer" advert for Guinness. The bassline used in the advert later evolved into "Phat Planet".
* It featured in the soundtrack of EA Sports' F1 2000.
* The song was also used as the theme tune to the Transformers series Beast Machines.
* In addition to its release on Rhythm and Stealth, the song is also included on the 2010 Sony Music Entertainment UK compilation Epic and the Guinness 250th Anniversary: the TV Ads album, where an edited version is found on the said album.
* German dance act Bass Bumpers had a UK hit single in 2006 with a mash-up of "Phat Planet" and the Baywatch theme tune. This new version was entitled "Phat Beach (I'll Be Ready)" (with the group being credited as Naughty Boy on this Ministry of Sound release) and reached number 36 on the UK Singles Chart.
* The song was featured on the soundtrack of the 2008 Arcade Racer MotorStorm: Pacific Rift
* It appeared in Coronation Street in April 2023 when Stephen Reid killed Rufus Donahue at his home.
# Prosolvable group

In mathematics, more precisely in algebra, a prosolvable group (less common: prosoluble group) is a group that is isomorphic to the inverse limit of an inverse system of solvable groups. Equivalently, a group is called prosolvable, if, viewed as a topological group, every open neighborhood of the identity contains a normal subgroup whose corresponding quotient group is a solvable group.

## Examples

* Let p be a prime, and denote the field of p-adic numbers, as usual, by $\mathbf {Q} _{p}$. Then the Galois group ${\text{Gal}}({\overline {\mathbf {Q} }}_{p}/\mathbf {Q} _{p})$, where ${\overline {\mathbf {Q} }}_{p}$ denotes the algebraic closure of $\mathbf {Q} _{p}$, is prosolvable. This follows from the fact that, for any finite Galois extension $L$ of $\mathbf {Q} _{p}$, the Galois group ${\text{Gal}}(L/\mathbf {Q} _{p})$ can be written as semidirect product ${\text{Gal}}(L/\mathbf {Q} _{p})=(R\rtimes Q)\rtimes P$, with $P$ cyclic of order $f$ for some $f\in \mathbf {N}$, $Q$ cyclic of order dividing $p^{f}-1$, and $R$ of $p$-power order. Therefore, ${\text{Gal}}(L/\mathbf {Q} _{p})$ is solvable.
# Niš Symphony Orchestra

The Niš Symphony Orchestra (Serbian: Нишки симфонијски оркестар / Niški simfonijski orkestar) is an orchestra based in the city of Niš, Serbia. It was the first orchestra to be based outside of the capital Belgrade and is therefore highly valued.
# Meyerhoff Scholars Program

The Meyerhoff Scholars Program is a program at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC) designed to prepare minority students for academic careers in the science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) disciplines. The program has served as a model for developing and supporting minority students pursuing academic careers.

## History

The program was founded at the UMBC in 1988 with a $500,000 grant from the Robert and Jane Meyerhoff Foundation, under the guidance of future UMBC President Freeman A. Hrabowski III. In the program's first year, it admitted only male African American students; female African American students were admitted in the program's second year. In 1997, the program opened to students of all races who were interested in supporting the advancement of minorities in academia, following the 1995 U.S. Supreme Court decision ruling the Benjamin Banneker Scholarship Program, another UMBC scholarship which had been only open to African American students, unconstitutional.

## Education Research

The Meyerhoff Scholars Program is noted for its success in increasing the representation of minority students in STEM. In an attempt to determine whether this model can be replicated at large universities, two scholarships were founded at other universities in 2013: the Chancellor's Science Scholarship at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and the Millennium Scholars Program at Pennsylvania State University.

## Notable alumni

* Jerome Adams: anesthesiologist and the 20th surgeon general of the United States
* Kizzmekia Corbett: viral immunologist at the NIAID (NIH) who helped develop one of the COVID-19 vaccines
* Kafui Dzirasa: psychiatrist and professor at Duke University
* Lola Eniola-Adefeso: Chemical Engineer and the University Diversity and Social Transformation Professor at the University of Michigan College of Engineering
* Anna Gifty Opoku-Agyeman: activist, writer, economist, and co-founder and former CEO of the Sadie Collective
* Crystal C. Watkins Johansson: neuroscientist, psychiatrist, and professor at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
# Matayen

Matayen is a village in Drass tehsil in Kargil district of the Indian union territory of Ladakh. The village is located around 21 kilometer's from drass and around 81 kilometres from the district headquarters Kargil.Its only village in ladakh where Kashmiri is spoken and Kashmiri peoples are being lived.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Matayen had 239 households. The literacy rate of Matayen village is 62.86%. In Matayen, Male literacy stands at 62.86% while the female literacy rate was 49.36%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 1909 | 967 | 942 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 257 | - | - |
| Scheduled caste | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Scheduled tribe | 1869 | - | - |
| Literacy | 78.92% | 88.46% | 69.68% |

## Transport
### Road

Matayen is connected by road to other places in Ladakh and India by the NH1.

### Rail

The nearest major railway stations to Matayen is Jammu Tawi railway station located at a distance of 386 kilometres.

### Air

The nearest airport is located in Kargil at a distance of 89 kilometres but it is currently non-operational. The next nearest major airport is Srinagar International Airport located at a distance of 133 kilometres.
# Gé Hurkmans

Gé Hurkmans (20 May 1911 – 11 August 1984) was a Dutch painter. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Gross Mary

Gross Mary is a village in the Cavaellon commune of the Aquin Arrondissement, in the Sud department of Haiti.
# Halfway, Illinois

Halfway, Illinois was an unincorporated community in northeastern Williamson County, Illinois located about halfway between the county seat of Marion and Corinth. A post office operated from 1895 to 1911 in a country store. The ZIP Code was 62974.
It is not to be confused with the later Halfway in Williamson County on Illinois Route 37 between Marion and Johnston City.

## Geography

The store was located almost on the township line in Section 25, Township 8 South, Range 3 East of the Third Principal Meridian in what's known today as Lake Creek Precinct. Today the area is the intersection of Edwards Road (the old road to Corinth) and Dwina Road that runs along the township line.

## History

Joseph H. Williams opened the post office February 5, 1895. Henry W. Rogers became postmaster two years later on August 3, 1897, but Williams took over the job again on December 1, 1897. He sold out to James Chadwell who updated the country store with a new stock of goods. Chadwell's daughter then became postmaster May 20, 1899. The elder Chadwell and his business partner John Leander Roberts, a Corinth store keeper, sold the store to the Albert and Nicholas G. Riggs. Albert became post master June 14, 1905. When nearby Pittsburg, Illinois opened up, Albert moved there and became that town's postmaster. Nicholas took over for Albert at Halfway and became postmaster December 8, 1905. Operations discontinued on 15 December 1911. The area is now served by the Pittsburg Post Office.
# Matayos Constituency

Matayos constituency is a sub-county of Busia County in the western province of Kenya. It is one of seven constituencies in Busia County. The constituency is along the Kisumu-Busia Highway and is mainly occupied by the Bakhayo, a sub-clan of the Luhya people. Being part of the lucrative investment grounds, the settlers in the region depend mainly on livestock and grains as their primary source of income. Additional contributions to the local economy include fishing and other agricultural activities. Matayos is the home of Amos Wako, the longest serving Attorney General in Kenya. The area MP is Geoffrey Makokha Odanga of the ODM party.
# Đồng Tâm

Đồng Tâm may refer to several places in Vietnam, including:
* Đồng Tâm, Hai Bà Trưng District, a ward of Hai Bà Trưng District, Hanoi
* Đồng Tâm, Vĩnh Phúc, a ward of Vĩnh Yên
* Đồng Tâm, Yên Bái, a ward of Yên Bái
* Đồng Tâm, Bắc Kạn, a township and capital of Chợ Mới District, Bắc Kạn
* Đồng Tâm, Mỹ Đức, a rural commune of Mỹ Đức District, Hanoi
* Đồng Tâm, Bắc Giang, a rural commune of Yên Thế District
* Đồng Tâm, Bình Phước, a rural commune of Đồng Phú District
* Đồng Tâm, Hà Giang, a rural commune of Bắc Quang District
* Đồng Tâm, Hải Dương, a rural commune of Ninh Giang District
* Đồng Tâm, Hòa Bình, a rural commune of Lạc Thủy District
* Đồng Tâm, Quảng Ninh, a rural commune of Bình Liêu District
# Lotfollah Dezhkam

Lotfollah Dezhkam (Persian: لطف ‌الله دژکام) is the Representative of the Supreme Leader in Fars province, Imam of Friday Prayer of Shiraz and the Representative of Fars in Assembly of Experts.
In a speech he has stated, “The global arrogance led by America with complicity of Israel seeks to delay the realization of an important issue, which is the destruction of the Zionist regime,” calling for the destruction of the nationhood of Israel.
# Professional Misconduct (album)

Professional Misconduct is the tenth studio album by Australian rock group the Screaming Jets, released on 6 October 2023. The album was announced on 21 July 2023, alongside the release of lead single "Nothing to Lose" and announcement of forthcoming tour dates. Explaining the title, David Gleeson said; "Misconduct" is frowned upon by polite society. We embrace it and have made it our profession."
The album was released less than a month after bassist and songwriter Paul Woseen died on 15 September; the album is dedicated to him.

## Reception

Jeff Jenkins writing for Stack Magazine said "This is classic Jets, with a couple of curveballs." Jenkins also wrote that "these are songs for the end of the working week, when 'getting through the day is all you're thinking of', and all you wanna do is put on a record and turn it up loud. The album climaxes with 'Speed Quack', a blazing ball of energy."
Brian Giffen from Hot Metal Mag said "Part swaggering rock, part thoughtful ballads, ending with a blaze of riffs, this is an album that is quintessentially the Jets. The songs are workaday tales of love, loss and everyday pleasures and frustrations, easily relatable yarns that have long formed the core of The Screaming Jets material."

## Charts

Chart performance for Professional Misconduct :
| Chart (2023) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 3 |
# Meyerhofer

Meyerhofer or Meyerhöfer is a German language habitational surname. Notable people with the name include:
* Lee Meyerhofer (born 1964), American democratic politician
* Marco Meyerhöfer (born 1995), German footballer
* Michael Meyerhofer (born 1977), American writer
# Houston Direct Navigation Company

Houston Direct Navigation Company operated ships on Buffalo Bayou between 1866 and 1927. It had had two antecedent companies with similar subscriber lists and management: the Houston and Galveston Navigation Company, and the Houston Navigation Company.

## Houston and Galveston Navigation Company

In 1851, William Marsh Rice founded the Houston and Galveston Navigation Company with his own capital of $5,000 and the capital of twenty-five other investors. These included Paul Bremond, Cornelius Ennis, William J. Hutchins, and John H. Sterrett.

## Houston Navigation Company

One of the company's antecedents was the Houston Navigation Company, formed in 1854 by many of the same principals as the Houston and Galveston Navigation Company.

## After the Civil War

The Houston Direct Navigation Company transported freight and passengers from Houston to railheads along Buffalo Bayou. Houston Direct Navigation Company was founded on October 9, 1866, by William Marsh Rice, Thomas M. Bagby, John H. Sterrett, and several others. Businesses receiving and shipping goods from Houston were paying high fees for moving freight through Galveston, Texas. The company offered cheaper transportation, which bypassed Galveston and its Galveston Wharf Company.
At first, the company's main business in the late-1860s consisted of lightering around Galveston and interlining freight through the Buffalo Bayou, Brazos and Colorado Railroad; however, it expanded service, running five passenger steamers by 1870. The company continued to expand its fleet, even as passenger demand diminished. Three steamers operated for freight-only in 1873, along with 22 barges with three tugs, the only two steamers transported passengers.
# I Dare You

I Dare You may refer to:
* "I Dare You" (Kelly Clarkson song), 2020
* "I Dare You" (Shinedown song), 2006
* "I Dare You", a song by Bea Miller from her 2015 album Not an Apology
* "I Dare You" (The xx song), a song by The xx from their 2017 album I See You
* I Dare You (Canadian TV program), a 2006–2007 Canadian children's television program
* I Dare You (Philippine TV series), a 2011–2013 Philippine reality variety television series
* I Dare You: The Ultimate Challenge, a 2000 American television game show
* "Mission to the Big Hot Thingy / I Dare You", an episode of The Angry Beavers
* I Dare You!, a book by William H. Danforth
# Frank Clark

Frank Clark may refer to:
* Frank Clark (actor) (1857–1945), American actor of the silent era
* Frank Clark (footballer) (born 1943), English football player, manager and chairman (Newcastle United, Nottingham Forest)
* Frank Clark (politician) (1860–1936), U.S. representative from Florida, 1905–1925
* Frank Hamilton Clark (1844–1882), Philadelphia banker
* Frank Howard Clark (1888–1962), American screenwriter
* Frank M. Clark (1915–2003), U.S. representative from Pennsylvania, 1955–1974
* Frank Clark (racewalker) (born 1943), Australian former race-walker
* Frank Chamberlain Clark (1872–1957), American architect active in Southern Oregon
* Frank Clark (American football) (born 1993), American football player for the Seattle Seahawks
* Frank Clark Jr., American politician from Florida
# Jarki, Badin

Jarki is a village and deh in Matli taluka of Badin District, Sindh. As of 2017, it has a population of 2,706, in 516 households. It is part of the tapedar circle of Additional Maban.
# Penobscot Island Air

Penobscot Island Air is a small regional airline based at Knox County Regional Airport, Maine, United States (RKD) operating from a private terminal. The airline operates scheduled service to the islands in Maine's Penobscot Bay and offers private charter land and seaplane flights throughout the region.

## Fleet

Penobscot Island Air operates a fleet of Cessna aircraft equipped with both wheels and floats. The Penobscot Island Air fleet includes the following aircraft types (as of 21 May 2014).
* Cessna 206
* Cessna 207
* Cessna 208 Caravan

## Destinations

Penobscot Island Air operates scheduled cargo and passenger flights to the following destinations within the state of Maine (as of 20 March 2016).
* Rockland
* Matinicus Isle
* Vinalhaven
* North Haven
* Isleboro
Charter flights are routinely flown to a number of airports including:
* Bangor
* Bar Harbor
* Belfast
* Biddeford
* Big Green
* Brunswick Executive
* Criehaven
* Portland
* Stonington
* Wiscasset

## Accidents

* On October 5, 2011, a Cessna 207A crashed while attempting to land at Matinicus. The pilot and sole occupant of the cargo flight were killed.
* On July 17, 2011, a Cessna 206G made a water landing shortly after takeoff from Matinicus. The four occupants of the aircraft were rescued from the ocean.
* On June 26, 2017, a Cessna 206 crashed shortly after takeoff from Vinalhaven. The pilot and sole occupant were taken to the Knox County Hospital with non-life-threatening injuries.
* On September 1, 2017, a Cessna 206 crash near Harpswell, Maine
# Lotfollah Yarmohammadi

Lotfollah Yarmohammadi (1933–2021) was an Iranian linguist who was emeritus professor of linguistics at Shiraz University. He is known for his expertise on discourse analysis. Yarmohammadi was a permanent member of the Academy of Sciences of Iran. Yarmohammadi died in 2021, at the age of 88.

## Books

* Introduction to Phonetics, Tehran: Iran University Press
* Basic Persian for speakers of other languages, Shiraz: Navid Shiraz