OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gas protection

Gas protection is the prevention or control of the penetration of hazardous gases into buildings or other types of real property. It usually involves either blocking entry pathways or removing the source of the gas.

## Hazardous gases

Methane (which is flammable at 5-15% by volume in air) and carbon dioxide (which is toxic) are the most relevant gases, especially following two gas explosions in the 1980s in Loscoe and Abbeystead, England.
UK regulatory bodies such as Building Research Establishment, British Standards, the Department of Environment, and others in the construction industry have developed and published guidance for preventing such gasses from entering buildings. Their production in the environment is associated with coal seams, deposited river silt, sewage, landfill waste, and peat.
In the case of landfill gas migration, gas is produced by organic materials in the waste degrading over time. Typically 40% carbon dioxide (CO$_2$) and 60% methane (CH $_4$) by volume, this gas can be heavier than air or lighter depending on the concentration (which varies from time to time), but will move from an area of high pressure to one at a lower pressure irrespective of its relative density.

## Usage

Systems to prevent gas ingress include a passive barrier or, less commonly, an active system. Passive systems utilize a barrier with low permeability, such as a membrane. Active systems are mostly employed on commercial properties because of the associated costs. There are two main practical types of active systems to prevent the ingress of gases into buildings: positive pressurization, and forced ventilation.

## Integrity testing

Both passive and active systems require "gas integrity testing", most often using the NHBC traffic light system. This is because the conditions under which gas membranes are installed are often difficult and can adversely compromise the integrity required by the manufacturer or client. The purpose of the test is to ensure integrity and allow the installation to be certified if the method of protection performs correctly.

### Membrane testing

The membrane is tested immediately after installation and prior to being covered up by any following construction processes. The area below the membrane is temporarily pressurized with a mixture of clean air and a non-toxic and inert tracer gas that is sensitive to detection. Special equipment is then used to trace all leaks within the installation, with particular attention being paid to critical points and junctions formed between the membrane material and other structural elements prior to conducting a sweep of the complete area. Any leaks are identified and sealed, and the membrane is re-tested before it passes and the certificate is issued.

### Active system testing

Active systems require a test of the alarm in case of failure of the system or power supply and possible buildup of gas.
# Claude Parisot

Claude Parisot (c. 1704 in Étain – 3 March 1784 in Étain) was a French organ builder. He came from a family of organ builders: his nephew Henri in turn built and repaired many instruments in Lower Normandy and Maine. He learned his art with Moucherel of Lorraine, then in 1727 with Louis-Alexandre and Jean-Baptiste Clicquot in Paris.
Beginning in 1735, Parisot built numerous organs in northern and western France:
* 1736 Church of St Rémy, Dieppe, restored and currently used by the École Nationale de Musique. Numerous recordings available.
* 1741 Premonstratensian abbey of Mondaye (near Bayeux)
* 1747 Notre-Dame de Guibray, Falaise
* Premonstratensian abbey of Séry-aux-Prés (Seine-Maritime)
* Church of St George and Church of the Holy Sepulchre at Abbeville
* Sées Cathedral
* Ardenne Abbey (near Caen)
* Jacobin convent, Caen
* Abbey of St André en Gouffern (near Falaise)
# Thomas Leighton Williams

Thomas Cuthbert Leighton Williams (20 March 1877 – 1 April 1946) was an English clergyman who served in the Roman Catholic Church as the Archbishop of Birmingham from 1929 to 1946.
He was born in Handsworth, Birmingham on 20 March 1877 to James Anthony and Emma Mary (née Leighton) Williams. He was educated at St Wilfrid's College, Cotton and St Mary's College, Oscott. He was ordained to the priesthood on 24 August 1900. He obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1903 and a Master of Arts degree in 1909.

## Pastoral career

Between 1905 and 1909, he was Assistant Master at St Wilfrid's College, Cotton and Assistant Master at St Edmund's College, Ware.
He was appointed the Master of St Edmund's House, Cambridge from 1909 to 1918. During the First World War, he also served in the Royal Army Chaplains' Department (RACD) and was mentioned in despatches. After the war, he was the Principal of St Charles's House, Oxford (1920–22) and Rector of St Wilfrid's College, Cotton (1922–1929).
He was appointed the archbishop of the Metropolitan See of Birmingham by Pope Pius XI on 23 June 1929. His consecration to the Episcopate took place on 25 July 1929, the principal consecrator was Cardinal Francis Alphonsus Bourne, Archbishop of Westminster, and the principal co-consecrators were Bishop Dudley Charles Cary-Elwes of Northampton, and Bishop John Patrick Barrett of Plymouth. In 1937, Williams also became President of the Catholic Social Guild.

## Death

He died in the Old Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham on 1 April 1946, aged 69, and was buried in the crypt of St Chad's Cathedral, Birmingham on 5 April 1946.
# Timoconia peron

Timoconia peron, the large dingy skipper or dingy grass-skipper, is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found in the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria.
The wingspan is about 30 mm.
The larvae feed on Stenotaphrum secundatum, Gahnia sieberiana, Lomandra species, Dianella caerulea and other Dianella species.
# Beaupré Bell

Beaupré Bell Esq. (1704–1741) was an English antiquary, of Beaupré Hall, Norfolk.
Beaupré Bell was the first son of Beaupré Bell Esq., and Margaret, the daughter of Sir Anthony Oldfield, and was a fifth generation descendant of Sir Robert Bell and his wife Dorthie, of the old family of Beaupré or De Bello Prato.
His father Beaupré Bell was eccentric and "hardly allowed his son the common necessaries of life", but owned an estate worth £1500 per annum and also was reported to have had over 500 horses, all unbroken and allowed to roam wild. He possessed a good library, though neglected with the rest of the mansion.
Beaupré Bell attended Westminster College and moved on to Trinity College, Cambridge, where he finished his education.
He had an eye for all things ancient, with a particular interest in Roman coins. Bell authored several works on this subject, one on the coins minted by Roman Emperors.
He became Vice-President of the Spalding Gentlemen's Society in 1726, and gave assistance to Francis Blomefield.
Beaupré Bell died from consumption on his way to Bath. By his will he bequeathed his collection of coins and medals to Trinity College, Cambridge, together with 12 volumes of manuscripts that were catalogued, together with the medieval manuscripts, by Montague Rhodes James.
# Eladio Vergara y Vergara

Eladio Vergara y Vergara (1821–1888) was a Colombian lawyer, folletin writer known for the epic poem "Guerra de Neo-Granada" First introduced in the political magazine "La Matricaria" created by prestigious writer Jose Maria Vergara y Vergara, his brother. Eladio was also related by blood to General Tomas Cipriano de Mosquera. Served Colombia as Secretary of Finance of the State of Cauca

## Work

* Participated in the political newspaper "El Semanario" of general Mosquera.
* Guerra de Neo-Granada
* El Mudo
* El Misionero. Drama tradicional en tres actos [and in verse]. 1851
* Capilla del Sagrario de Bogotá
* El Oidor de Santa Fe, Roland o Bandido de San Lotario y Misionero
* Comic ¿Cuál Gobierno?
# Al-Ghad International Health Sciences Colleges

26°27′1.85″N 50°4′59.59″E﻿ / ﻿26.4505139°N 50.0832194°E﻿ / 26.4505139; 50.0832194
Al-Ghad International Health Sciences Colleges (AIHSC, Arabic: كليات الغد الدولية للعلوم الصحية) are private Colleges headquartered in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, founded in 2009 by his excellency Sheikh Ibrahim bin Musa Al-zwaid, Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the colleges, Al-Ghad Colleges are one of the first colleges in the kingdom providing education in Applied Health professions. The Colleges were created to meet the shortage of skilled health sciences workers in Saudi Arabia.
The student body of AIHSC today consists of about 7,000 students of both sexes. The colleges entails eight campuses spread around Saudi Arabia, with 770 faculty members.

## Al-Ghad Current undergraduate programs

* Preparatory Year Program
* Emergency Medical Specialists
* Medical Imaging Technology
* Health Services Administration
* Nursing
* Clinical Laboratory Science

## Al-Ghad Near future undergraduate programs

* Dentistry

## Accreditation

Programs at AIHSC are credited locally by:
* The Ministry of Higher Education in Saudi Arabia
* Under preparation to get accreditation from the Saudi National Commission for Academic Accreditation & Assessment (NCAAA)
* The Saudi Commission for Health Specializations
* King Abdullah Institute for Consultation Studies at King Saud University
The college is seeking accreditation from International accrediting agencies.
# Cape Disappointment

Cape Disappointment can refer to:
* Cape Disappointment (Washington), at the mouth of the Columbia River in western Washington State
** Cape Disappointment State Park, a state park occupying most of Cape Disappointment commemorating its historical significance
* Cape Disappointment (South Georgia)
* Cape Disappointment (South Orkney Islands)
* Cape Disappointment (Antarctica)
# Minu Haque

Minu Haque (née Billah) is a Bangladeshi dancer and choreographer. She specialises in Odissi dance.

## Early life and career

Haque was born to her parents Meter Billah and Mina Billah. Haque started dancing at the age of 5. She was a trained by Dulal Talukder. Later she joined Bulbul Academy of Fine Arts (BAFA) in 1967. She completed her matriculation in 1968 from Motijheel Girl's High School.
During the Liberation War of Bangladesh in 1971, Haque served as a nurse in Bishramganj, Agartala (Field Sector 2), India. In 1977, she completed her master's in Psychology at the University of Dhaka. She is associated with the Bangladesh Dance Artist Association. She founded an Odissi dance school called Pallavi Dance Center in 1997.
She is serving as the President of the Bangladesh Nrittya Shilpi Shongstha.

## Personal life

Haque is married to Shahudul Haque. Together they have two sons. Actress Shimul Yousuf is Haque's sister. Her another sister, Sarah Mahmud, was married to music composer Altaf Mahmud.

## Awards

* Ekushey Padak (2018)
# Ambient Compendium

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Ambient Compendium is a compilation album by American composer Bill Laswell, released on August 27, 1996, by M.I.L. Multimedia.

## Personnel

* Bill Laswell – bass guitar, producer

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| United States | 1996 | M.I.L. Multimedia | CD | ESP 8508 |
# Gavin Mitchell

Gavin Mitchell may refer to:
* Gavin Mitchell (actor) (born 1966), Scottish actor
* Gavin Mitchell (footballer) (born 1972), former Australian rules footballer
* Gavin Mitchell (Friends), a character from NBC sitcom Friends
# Clarence Mitchell

Clarence Mitchell may refer to:
* Clarence Mitchell (baseball) (1891–1963), American Major League Baseball pitcher
* Clarence Mitchell (bishop), Canadian Suffragan Bishop of the Diocese of Niagara
* Clarence Mitchell Jr. (1911–1984), American civil rights activist
* Clarence Mitchell III (1939–2012), American politician from Baltimore, Maryland
* Clarence Mitchell IV (born 1962), American radio host and former politician
* Clarence C. Mitchell (1897-1986), American lawyer and politician
* Brick Mitchell (Clarence Leon Mitchell, c. 1894–1963), American football player and coach
# Thomas Fletcher Oakes

Thomas Fletcher Oakes (July 15, 1843 – March 14, 1919) was president of Northern Pacific Railway from 1888 to 1893.

## Biography

Thomas Fletcher Oakes was born in Boston on July 15, 1843. He entered railway service June 1, 1863; to April, 1879, on Kansas Pacific Railroad; two years secretary to contractors, two years purchasing agent; three years purchasing agent and assistant treasurer; six years general freight agent; one year vice-president; one year five months general superintendent; April 1879, to May 1880, general superintendent Kansas City, Fort Scott and Gulf and Kansas City, Lawrence and Southern; May 1880, to May 1881, vice-president and general manager Oregon Railway and Navigation Company; May 1881, to November 1883, vice-president Northern Pacific Railway, and November 1883, to 1888, vice-president and general manager.
Oakes was placed in charge of the Columbia & Puget Sound Railroad after Charles Barstow Wright formed the Oregon Improvement Company. Harris retained Oakes as executive vice president, after Harris became president of Northern Pacific.
His son, Walter Oakes, of Seattle, a founder of the Alaska Steamship Company, was father of the ethnologist Maud Oakes.
Thomas Fletcher Oakes died at his residence at the Sorrento Hotel in Seattle on March 14, 1919.
# Miss Perú 1984

The Miss Perú 1984 pageant was held on May 19, 1984. That year, 24 candidates were competing for the national crowns. The chosen winners represented Peru at the Miss Universe 1984 and Miss World 1984. The rest of the finalists would enter in different pageants.

## Placements

| Final Results | Contestant |
| Miss Peru Universe 1984 | Region Lima - Fiorella Ferrari Iglesias |
| Miss World Perú 1984 |
| 1st Runner-UpLa Libertad - Florencia Flores | San Borja - Karina Torres Saric |
| 2nd Runner-Up | Miraflores - Janny Navarro |
| Top 8 | Surco - Patricia Kuipers Mala - Ana Sofía Novella Distrito Capital – Alicia Tillit |

## Special Awards

* Best Regional Costume - Ucayali - Marlit Bartra
* Miss Congeniality - Lima - Patricia Cecchi

## Judges

* Carlos Gino Vásquez - Peruvian Basketball Player
* Rafael Puga - Peruvian Bullfighter
* Silvia Higueras - Miss Maja International 1983
* Victor Hugo Vieira - Soap Opera Actor
* Pedro García Miró - Peruvian shooter & Captain of the national Olympic Team
* Cesar Calvo De Araujo - Peruvian Writer, Poet & journalist
* Inés de Ronalds - Manager of Las Dunas Hotel
* Eduardo Bonilla - Manager of Creaciones Sheila
* Baruch Ivcher - Manager of Paraiso
* Fernando Gomberoff - Manager of Beauty Form
* Francesca Zaza - Miss Peru 1982
* Mario Cavagnaro - Creative Director of Panamericana Televisión
# Blowtorch Entertainment

Blowtorch Entertainment is a new media company that was co-founded by Kelly Rodriques and Paul Schiff (producer of My Cousin Vinny, Rushmore, and Date Movie). In November 2007, multiple Hollywood trades reported that Blowtorch Entertainment had raised significant funding to produce and distribute movies and to build a series of social media tools.
Blowtorch describes itself as "a media and entertainment company that creates, enables and distributes fun, authentic and provocative content. We go where our audience goes: online, theaters, live events and mobile."
According to The Economist, Blowtorch is "making video content for 18- to 24-year-old" and "it will allow audiences to influence movies via the web." In the December 27, 2007 issue of Fortune, Blowtorch was featured as one of "Six Leaps of Innovation." According to Fortune, "Schiff is in charge of producing and acquiring a stable of low-budget (under $5 million) feature-length films. Rodriques's job is to build social networks around the movies, inviting 18- to 24-year-old audiences to gather online before, after, and during the film."
Blowtorch Entertainment owns the rights to the film Spin, (previously titled You Are Here) starring Bijou Phillips, and is in post-production on the feature film Tenure. Tenure is a 2008 American comedy film, written and directed by Mike Million and starring Luke Wilson, Gretchen Mol, and David Koechner. The film was produced by Paul Schiff and is being released by Blowtorch as their first original production. Blowtorch will also be handling the U.S. theatrical release of the film Young People F***ing, which was initially released in Canada on June 13, 2008 and has received favorable critical reviews. Blowtorch is setting up its own theatrical distribution network in the U.S., and the company's home-video distribution is handled by Vivendi Visual Entertainment.
As of July 30, 2009, Blowtorch Entertainment was all but shut down, after several of the hedge funds that invested a total of $50 million into the venture went out of business. Blowtorch Chief Executive Kelly Rodriques notes that the company's board of directors has mostly disbanded and that its search for movie deals has ceased. Most of the venture's financing came in the form of debt from undisclosed hedge funds and 90% of this money has been returned to the investors. Moving forward, Rodriques expects to pay back the remainder of the funding with proceeds from the two properties currently in development. Blowtorch does not currently have a functioning website. However, Blowtorch is currently being revived by two young film pioneers Alec Rodriques and Chris Madera. Alec Rodriques, the son of Kelly Rodriques, has taken on the company name, and in teaming up with fellow film fanatic Chris, they hope to take visual film media to the next level.
# Flag Officer, Plymouth

The Flag Officer Plymouth was a senior Royal Navy appointment first established in July 1969. The office holder was responsible for the administration of the facilities of the two major Royal Navy at Plymouth and Portsmouth. The appointment continued until 1996 when it was abolished.
From July 1970 all new appointees holding this title jointly held the title of Port Admiral, Devonport.

## History

The appointment was established in July 1969 when the two major home commanders-in-chief, Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth and Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth were amalgamated into the new centralised Naval Home Command. As a result of these organisational changes Flag Officer Plymouth became one of the new area commanders subordinate to the Commander-in-Chief, Naval Home Command.
On 30 December 1970, Vice-Admiral J R McKaig CBE was appointed as Port Admiral, Devonport of HM Naval Base, Devonport, and Flag Officer, Plymouth. On 5 September 1971, all Royal Navy Flag Officers holding positions of Admiral Superintendents at Royal Naval Dockyards were restyled as Port Admirals.

## Office Holders

Included:
* Jul 1969 – Sept 1969 Vice-Admiral John Roxburgh
* 1969 – 1970 Vice-Admiral Sir Anthony Griffin
* 1970 – 1973 Vice-Admiral Sir Rae McKaig
* 1973 – 1975 Vice-Admiral Sir Arthur Power
* 1975 – 1977 Vice-Admiral Sir Gordon Tait
* 1977 – 1979 Vice-Admiral Sir John Forbes
* 1979 – 1981 Vice-Admiral Sir Peter Berger
* 1981 – 1982 Vice-Admiral Sir Simon Cassels
* 1982 – 1985 Vice-Admiral Sir David Brown
* 1985 – 1987 Vice-Admiral Sir Robert Gerken
* 1987 – 1990 Vice-Admiral Sir John Webster
* 1990 – 1992 Vice-Admiral Sir Alan Grose
* 1992 – 1996 Vice-Admiral Sir Roy Newman.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Eberle, Sir James (2007). Wider horizons: naval policy & international affairs. London: Roundtuit Publishing. p. 50. ISBN 9781904499176.
* ↑ Mackie, Colin (April 2019). "Royal Navy Senior Appointments from 1865" (PDF). gulabin.com. Scotland: C. Mackie. pp. 71–72. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
* ↑ "Area Flag Officer, Plymouth - Hansard, Volume 770". hansard.parliament.uk. Hansard. 14 October 1968. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
* ↑ "Dockyard Timeline: 1971 – Admiral Superintendents become Port Admirals". Portsmouth Royal Dockyard Historical Trust. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
* ↑ Mackie. pp. 71-72.
* ↑ "Navy cook's walking aid". Daily Echo Newspaper. Southampton, England. 16 July 1999. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
# Thriller Comics

Thriller Comics, later titled Thriller Comics Library and even later Thriller Picture Library, was a British comic book magazine, published in series of digest sized issues by the Amalgamated Press, later Fleetway Publications, from November 1951 to May 1963: 450 issues in all, originally two per month, later four.
Its stories were mainly historical adventure, featuring classic characters such as Robin Hood, Dick Turpin and the Three Musketeers, western characters such as Buffalo Bill and Wild Bill Hickok, adaptations of classic adventure novels and films, and original characters such as Captain Flame, Max Bravo and Battler Britton, either originated for the title or reprinted from other AP titles including Knockout, Sun and Comet. Artists featured included D. C. Eyles, Mike Hubbard, Eric Parker and Septimus E. Scott. Its original editor was Edward Holmes, succeeded in 1952 by Leonard Matthews.
# Gaskins-Malany House

Gaskins-Malany House is a historic house in Withamsville, Ohio, United States. It was entered in the National Register of Historic Places by the National Park Service in 1975.
The house is located at 726 Bradbury Road, Locust Corner vicinity. The house, along with a summer kitchen, barn, smoke house and corn crib are nineteenth century rural buildings, representative of early agricultural practices in southwest Ohio.
The farmstead was originally part of the John Knox Survey, #4795. James Knox's grant #5056 was on “the waters of muddy creek” (Nine Mile), later part of Pierce Township. In 1827, John Gaskins purchased 57 acres including the Gaskins-Malany Farmstead property. He first built a one-room home with loft, adding in 1847 a front addition with two rooms down, and two rooms up. A small general store and saw mill existed on the site as well.
On August 8th 1885, five years after a narrow gauge railroad connector between New Richmond and Newtown was built by the Cincinnati and Eastern Railway, a trestle collapse occurred in front of the Gaskin-Malany Farmstead (Three Forks). The trestle crossed the creeks connecting the hill to the northwest, where a station for Locust Corner passengers existed, to the hill to the south. The injured and dying were placed on the stone porch. The Cincinnati and Eastern Connector ceased operation after this.
In 1947, remodeling occurred inside the farmhouse, and in 1948 an additional wing was added. In 1955, the Malany family made it their home, placing it on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.
# Climate Nexus

Climate Nexus is a non-profit journalism and climate communication organization. The organization is primarily focused on the role of the United States in Climate Change. Material from their reporting has been used by a number of national and international publications, through their network Nexus Media News. Climate Nexus was formed in 2011. Initial support to the group was from the Skoll Foundation.
# Thraustochytrium pachydermum

Thraustochytrium pachydermum is a species of heterokont.
# Cape Nome Roadhouse

The Cape Nome Roadhouse is the last remaining historical roadhouse on the Iditarod Trail. Built in 1900 to accommodate travelers to the Nome area during the Nome Gold Rush, it was soon expanded. It has a profile resembling that of a typical New England saltbox house, although its main entrance is on what would normally be considered the side of such a building. Its oldest portion is a log structure, which was expanded with lumber wood framing, and the whole building is now covered with clapboard siding. It is the only structure surviving from the route of a 650-mile (1,050 km) delivery of diphtheria serum in 1925 achieved by a relay of dogsled teams. The roadhouse declined with the advent of aviation to the area, and was used as an orphanage, a military communications facility during World War II, and saw used in the later 20th century as a retail establishment.
The roadhouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.