OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tensilon test

A tensilon test, also called an edrophonium test, is a pharmacological test used for the diagnosis of certain neural diseases, especially myasthenia gravis. It is also used to distinguish a myasthenic crisis from a cholinergic crisis in individuals undergoing treatment for myasthenia gravis. The test has fallen out of use due to suboptimal sensitivity and specificity as well as associated adverse risks. Edrophonium is no longer available in the United States and many other countries as of 2018.

## Procedure

A 10 mg edrophonium chloride syringe and a 2 mg atropine syringe are prepared. Atropine is prepared for immediate use in case cholinergic crisis occurs. After a neurologic examination and recording of vital signs, 2 mg edrophonium is injected intravenously. After waiting 30 seconds and ensuring that no adverse reactions have occurred, the remaining 8 mg of edrophonium is also injected. The patient is then asked to perform repetitive tasks, such as lifting an object or opening and closing the eyelids. Under the influence of edrophonium, patients with myasthenia gravis are able to complete these tasks more easily and with more strength than before the injection was administered. The effects of edrophonium last around ten minutes. The edrophonium allows accumulation of acetylcholine (ACh) in the neuromuscular junctions and makes more ACh available to the muscle receptors, thereby increasing muscle strength in myasthenia gravis. In newborns, a 0.15 mg/kg dose of neostigmine administered subcutaneously produces a response within ten minutes. In infants, the drug is administered intravenously at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg. Improvement of diplopia is often used as an evaluation item because in this case, placebo effect can be excluded.

## Precautions

The tensilon test is administered by a trained clinician, usually a neurologist. A thorough history taking and physical assessment is done before the administration of test, to rule out hypersensitivity, pregnancy, lactation, and intestinal obstruction. Care is taken while performing the test in individuals over 50, and those under corticosteroids or pro-cholinergic drugs. Vital signs are monitored before, during, and after the test. The test should only be performed in a medical center equipped to manage cholinergic crisis. Following the test, the patient is observed for cholinergic responses such as increased salivation, lacrimation, nausea, and vomiting.
# Teorema (disambiguation)

Teorema is a 1968 film by Pier Paolo Pasolini.
Teorema may also refer to:
* Teorema (journal), an academic journal of philosophy
* "Teorema", a 1976 song by Brian Bennett from the soundtrack to The Opening of Misty Beethoven
* "Teorema", a 1981 song by Marco Ferradini
* "Teorema", a 1985 song by Legião Urbana from the album Legião Urbana
* "Teorema", a 1992 song by Tony Tammaro from the album Da Granto Farò il Cantanto
* "Teorema", a 1993 song by Mina from the album Lochness
* "Teorema", a 2007 song by Miguel Bosé from the album Papitour
# Martingale difference sequence

In probability theory, a martingale difference sequence (MDS) is related to the concept of the martingale. A stochastic series X is an MDS if its expectation with respect to the past is zero. Formally, consider an adapted sequence $\{X_{t},{\mathcal {F}}_{t}\}_{-\infty }^{\infty }$ on a probability space $(\Omega ,{\mathcal {F}},\mathbb {P} )$. $X_{t}$ is an MDS if it satisfies the following two conditions:
    $\mathbb {E} \left|X_{t}\right|<\infty$, and
    $\mathbb {E} \left[X_{t}|{\mathcal {F}}_{t-1}\right]=0,a.s.$,
for all $t$. By construction, this implies that if $Y_{t}$ is a martingale, then $X_{t}=Y_{t}-Y_{t-1}$ will be an MDS—hence the name.
The MDS is an extremely useful construct in modern probability theory because it implies much milder restrictions on the memory of the sequence than independence, yet most limit theorems that hold for an independent sequence will also hold for an MDS.
A special case of MDS, denoted as {X$_t$,${\mathcal {F}}$$_t$}$_0$$^{∞{\displaystyle{\infty}}}$ is known as innovative sequence of S$_n$; where S$_n$ and ${\mathcal {F}}_{t}$ are corresponding to random walk and filtration of the random processes $\{X_{t}\}_{0}^{\infty }$.
In probability theory innovation series is used to emphasize the generality of Doob representation. In signal processing the innovation series is used to introduce Kalman filter. The main differences of innovation terminologies are in the applications. The later application aims to introduce the nuance of samples to the model by random sampling.
# Terek-Suu

Terek-Suu is a village in Kara-Kulja District of Osh Region of Kyrgyzstan. Its population was 477 in 2021. It is situated on the river Tar.
# Maryon Kantaroff

Maryon Kantaroff (November 22, 1933 – June 9, 2019) was a Canadian sculptor known for her large-scale outdoor sculptures in bronze and other materials.

## Early life and education

Kantaroff was born in Toronto, the child of Bulgarian parents. She studied piano at the Royal Conservatory of Music, Toronto and earned a degree in art and archaeology from the University of Toronto in 1957. In 1957–1958 she worked as an assistant curator at the Art Gallery of Ontario. She traveled to London for postgraduate studies in American Ethnology at the British Museum and remained in England for several years, studying with Eric Stanford at Reading College. Her further studies took place at the Sir John Cass College of Art, the Society of Portrait Sculptors and the Chelsea College of Arts.

## Career and impact

Kantaroff worked in a variety of materials including bronze, stone, metal and fiberglass. In 1962 she had her first solo exhibition at the Temple Gallery, London. She returned to Toronto for an exhibition at Toronto City Hall in 1968 and soon thereafter began an association with Galerie Dresdnere, which represented her through the early 1970s. In 1974, frustrated at the lack of a local foundry with capacity for casting her larger works, Kantaroff purchased the Toronto Arts Foundry in partnership with Al Green (Greenwin Investments). She exhibited extensively in Canada and abroad in England, Europe, and the United States. A major retrospective of her work was held at the Wade Gallery, Los Angeles (1988).
Her outdoor commissioned sculptures can be seen at J.D.S. Investments, Sheridan Mall, Mississauga (Bird of Paradise, 1970) the Baycrest, Toronto (Song of Deborah, 1979) and the Windsor Sculpture Garden (Cordella, The Garden). She was a member of the Sculptors Society of Canada from 2004 on. Kantaroff was represented by the Kinsman Robinson Galleries, Toronto.
Maryon Kantaroff died in Toronto on June 9, 2019, of complications from pneumonia. She was 85.

## Selected works

* Cordella, Odette Sculpture Park, Windsor, Ontario
* The Garden, Odette Sculpture Park, Windsor
* Counterpoint (1971), Don Mills Road, Toronto
* Greenwin (1973), Al Green Sculpture Park, Toronto
* Song of Deborah (1979), Baycrest Hospital, Toronto
* Frederic C. Gans Memorial (1980), University Avenue, Toronto
* Anodyomene (1995), University of Toronto, Toronto
* The Secret Life of Plants (2009)

## Awards and honours

In 1992 the artist received the prestigious President's Award of the Sculptors Society of Canada.
# Mary Armstrong

Mary Armstrong may refer to:
* Mary Carew (Mary Louise Carew Armstrong, 1913–2002), American athlete
* Mary Ann Armstrong (1838–1910), British botanical fern artist
# Tenshitachi no Gogo

Tenshitachi no Gogo (天使たちの午後, "Angels' Afternoon") is an adult-themed adventure game released by JAST, for the Japanese NEC PC-8801 and MSX computers in May 1985.
Set in a Japanese high school, the goal of the game is to seduce Yumiko Shiraishi (白石 由美子), the star of the tennis club. To seduce her, the protagonist will have to become acquainted and intimate with her friends by talking to them.
The gameplay is simple; the player interacts with the environment by typing in commands in Japanese or choosing commands from the list using the arrow keys.
The game had moderate success, leading to standalone sequels. One of the sequels, Tenshitachi no Gogo III Bangaihen (天使たちの午後III 番外編) has a cult following in South Korea.
# Tenniseum

The Tenniseum, also known as the Musée du Tennis or the Musée de Roland-Garros, is a tennis museum located in the Stade Roland Garros in the 16th arrondissement at 2, avenue Gordon-Bennett, Paris, France. It is open daily except Mondays; an admission fee is charged.
The museum was created in 2003 by the Fédération Française de Tennis (French Federation of Tennis), and in 2023 contains about 1000 m$^2$ of exhibition space. Its permanent collection is primarily multimedia (video displays) and photographs; it also contains roughly a hundred tennis racquets dating from 1920 to the present.
# Maryland v. Garrison

Maryland v. Garrison, 480 U.S. 79 (1987), is a United States Supreme Court case dealing with the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution and the extent of discretion given to police officers acting in good faith. The Court held that where police reasonably believe their warrant was valid during a search, execution of the warrant does not violate respondent's Fourth Amendment rights.

## Facts

The Baltimore Police Department were executing a warrant that said the ‘3rd floor apartment’ intending to search McWebbs apartment, when the police went upstairs they searched the 3rd floor and found drugs and cash. The police, then discovered that the 3rd floor was actually divided into 2 apartments. Up to that point none of the police had realized there were 2 distinct apartments. Garrison brought a 4th Amendment claim because they did not have a warrant to search his apartment, but rather they had a warrant to search McWebbs apartment, and Garrison wanted to use the 4th Amendment to suppress the drug evidence.

## Opinion

The Court finds that because the warrant allowed for investigation of the 3rd floor, the officers reasonably relied on the warrant to carry out the search. Therefore the evidence is allowed, and Garrison is not allowed to invoke the 4th Amendment protection.
# María Miliauro

María Miliauro (born September 16, 1968) is an Argentine sprint canoer who competed in the late 1980s. At the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, she was eliminated in the semifinals of the K-1 500 m event.
# Mary Margaret Conway

Mary Margaret Conway, often published as M. Margaret Conway or Margaret Conway, is an American political scientist. She is a Distinguished Professor Emerita at the University of Florida. Conway is a scholar of political behavior, and particularly on how gender and race affect political participation.

## Career

Conway has published extensively on the topic of political behavior and its interactions with gender and race.
In 1985, Conway published the book Political Participation in the United States. Conway structured the book around paradoxes in the study of participation in the United States, which allowed her to both challenge and elaborate the major theories of political participation. Political Participation in the United States was reprinted several times, and by its third edition in 2000 it had become a central book in the study of political participation.
Conway's study of the general problem of political participation in America has included several works that examine the participation of different demographic groups in American politics. She was a co-author, with Pei-te Lien and Janelle Wong, of the 2004 book The Politics of Asian Americans. In The Politics of Asian Americans, Lien, Conway, and Wong use a national survey to study Asian Americans' progress and the social barriers that remain, and to measure the extent of their political participation and social integration.
Conway has also published books and articles on political participation by women, including as a co-author of the 2004 book Women & Public Policy: A Revolution in Progress. She was also a coauthor, with David W. Ahern and Gertrude A. Steuernagel, of the 1997 book Women and Political Participation: Cultural Change in the Political Arena, which had multiple printings. Conway has also studied the question of why so few women held public office in the United States through the end of the 20th century.
Conway received the 2004 Frank J. Goodnow Award from The American Political Science Association, which is awarded to recognize "outstanding service to the political science community and to the Association".

## Selected works

* Political Participation in the United States (1985)
* Women and political participation: Cultural change in the political arena (1997)
* The Politics of Asian Americans, with Pei-te Lien and Janelle Wong (2004)
# Masayuki Koga

Masayuki Koga (born in Omuta City, Japan) is a shakuhachi player and former member of the Ensemble Nipponia. He studied Kinko shakuhachi with Kiichi Koga, his father, and Tozan Ryu shakuhachi with Kazan Saka, and teaches both schools. His students include Richard Marriott.
He is the general director of the Japanese Music Institute of America, located in San Francisco and Berkeley, which he founded in 1981. Since 1995, the Institute has taught shakuhachi, koto, and taiko.
# Masayuki Matsunaga

Masayuki Matsunaga (松永政行, Matsunaga Masayuki, born 23 March 1970) is a Japanese former gymnast who competed in the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Mary Martha Reid

Mary Martha Reid (September 19, 1812 – June 24, 1894) is Florida's "most famous nurse and Confederate heroine." She is best known for serving as the matron of the Florida Hospital, founded in Richmond, Virginia in 1862 to treat convalescing Confederate soldiers from Florida. Her husband, Robert Raymond Reid, served as the territorial governor of Florida from 1839 to 1841.
Mary Reid was born in St. Mary's, Georgia, to James and Mary Thorpe Smith. She married Robert Reid, who was a federal judge, on November 29, 1836, after meeting him during a visit to St. Augustine, Florida earlier that year. They had two sons, William and Raymond. Her husband died in 1841, and their son William died the following year. Following her husband's death, Reid worked as a schoolteacher in Jacksonville and Fernandina.
Her surviving son, Raymond, enlisted in the 2nd Florida Infantry, on May 23, 1861, and Mary Martha Reid's wish to be near him made her a nurse. Together with Dr. Thomas M. Palmer, Mary Martha Reid opened a 150-bed hospital in Richmond in September 1862 to treat Confederate soldiers from Florida. With Reid serving as its matron, the hospital treated over a thousand men in its first year of operation. Her requests for donations and supplies as well as letters of thanks to organizations that contributed aid to the hospital were printed in Florida newspapers, and her nursing work earned her the nickname, "Mother of the Florida Boys." Lt. Raymond Reid died of wounds received in the Battle of the Wilderness on May 7, 1864. He was buried by his mother in Richmond.
The first Florida chapter of United Daughters of the Confederacy was named in Mary Reid's honor.
# Terry Sawchuk Trophy

The Terry Sawchuk Trophy was an annual award presented by the Central Hockey League to recognize the top goaltenders on the league's best defensive team. The trophy was given to the goaltender(s) of the team allowing the fewest goals during the regular season.
Established for the 1976–77 season, the award was named to honor the late Terry Sawchuk.

## Winners

| Year | Player | Team |
| 1976–77 |
| 1976–77 | Yves Belanger | Kansas City Blues |
| 1976–77 | Gord McRae | Dallas Black Hawks |
| 1977–78 | Doug Grant Ed Staniowski | Salt Lake Golden Eagles |
| 1978–79 | Doug Grant Terry Richardson | Salt Lake Golden Eagles |
| 1979–80 | Jim Park Richard Brodeur | Indianapolis Checkers |
| 1980–81 | Paul Harrison Ken Ellacott | Dallas Black Hawks |
| 1981–82 | Kelly Hrudey Robert Holland | Indianapolis Checkers |
| 1982–83 | Kelly Hrudey Robert Holland | Indianapolis Checkers |
| 1983–84 | | |
# Tennō Station

Tenno Station is the name of two train stations in Japan:
* Tennō Station (Akita) (天王駅)
* Tennō Station (Hiroshima) (天応駅)
# Mary Snell Rundle

Mary Snell Rundle RRC (1874 – 13 March 1937) was a British nursing reformer. She was the first ever Secretary of the Royal College of Nursing (founded in 1916) and co-ordinated the College's work for over 17 years.

## Early life and career

Mary Snell Rundle was born in Saltash, Cornwall, in 1874. After her fiancé, a naval officer, died, Rundle decided to become a nurse. She moved to London to undertake her nursing training at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, where she was the first recipient of the Isla Stewart Scholarship. This funded a year of training in New York, which she took at Teacher's College, Columbia, in hospital economics and teaching in American nursing schools. She gained a certificate in massage therapy.
After returning to the UK, Rundle was appointed Assistant Matron under Rachael Cox-Davies at the Royal Free Hospital. In 1912, she became Matron of the Royal Hospital for Diseases of the Chest. During the First World War, from 1915–16, Rundle was Matron of the 1st London General Hospital Territorial Army Nursing Service. She received the Royal Red Cross for her war work in 1916.

## The Royal College of Nursing

In 1916, Rundle was employed as the first secretary of the College of Nursing (later Royal College of Nursing). She managed the formative years of the College for almost two decades, before retiring in 1933 due to ill-health. She co-ordinated some of the College's early work in nursing education, employment rights and pastoral care for members. Before working at the College, she had organised some of the first postgraduate courses for nurses on tuberculosis care and health visiting. She also set up her own library. During her years at the College, Rundle was on the advisory board for the London University Diploma in Nursing.
Some of her most notable work was in nursing pensions, and she helped to bring in the Federated Superannuation Scheme for Nurses and Hospital Officers, launched in 1928.
In 1925 she was awarded the Diploma in Nursing from Leeds University. She was Vice-President of the League of Nurses at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, and was also a member of the first council of the Nation's Nurses and Professional Women's Club (later Cowdray Club), founded in 1922 as a members' club for professional women.
Mary Rundle died in London, at her home in St John's Wood, on 13 March 1937. Her funeral was held on 17 March.
# Terschuur

Terschuur is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is located in the municipality of Barneveld.

## History

It was first mentioned around 1400 as "den teende ther schuren", and means "at the barn". Terschuur used to part of Zwartebroek. The village developed on the road from Amsterdam to Amersfoort. There used to be a toll house at the village. In 1421, the toll house was burnt down by angry citizens. The estate Terschuur which was built around 1830. The windmill Den Olden Florus [nl] is from 1881, but a predecessor used to be at the location before 1635.
From 1888 until 1931 there was a railway stop at Terschuur. In 1930, it became a separate village.

## Notable people

* Johan Jansen (born 1989), professional footballer

## Gallery

* Windmill "Den Olden Florus"
* Egg house
* Farm in Terschuur
* The former toll house
# Mass ratio

In aerospace engineering, mass ratio is a measure of the efficiency of a rocket. It describes how much more massive the vehicle is with propellant than without; that is, the ratio of the rocket's wet mass (vehicle plus contents plus propellant) to its dry mass (vehicle plus contents). A more efficient rocket design requires less propellant to achieve a given goal, and would therefore have a lower mass ratio; however, for any given efficiency a higher mass ratio typically permits the vehicle to achieve higher delta-v.
The mass ratio is a useful quantity for back-of-the-envelope rocketry calculations: it is an easy number to derive from either $\Delta {v}$ or from rocket and propellant mass, and therefore serves as a handy bridge between the two. It is also a useful for getting an impression of the size of a rocket: while two rockets with mass fractions of, say, 92% and 95% may appear similar, the corresponding mass ratios of 12.5 and 20 clearly indicate that the latter system requires much more propellant.
Typical multistage rockets have mass ratios in the range from 8 to 20. The Space Shuttle, for example, has a mass ratio around 16.

## Derivation

The definition arises naturally from Tsiolkovsky's rocket equation: $\Delta v=v_{e}\ln {\frac {m_{0}}{m_{1}}}$ where
* Δv is the desired change in the rocket's velocity
* v$_e$ is the effective exhaust velocity (see specific impulse)
* m$_0$ is the initial mass (rocket plus contents plus propellant)
* m$_1$ is the final mass (rocket plus contents)
This equation can be rewritten in the following equivalent form: ${\frac {m_{0}}{m_{1}}}=e^{\Delta v/v_{e}}$
The fraction on the left-hand side of this equation is the rocket's mass ratio by definition.
This equation indicates that a Δv of $n$ times the exhaust velocity requires a mass ratio of $e^{n}$. For instance, for a vehicle to achieve a $\Delta v$ of 2.5 times its exhaust velocity would require a mass ratio of $e^{2.5}$ (approximately 12.2). One could say that a "velocity ratio" of $n$ requires a mass ratio of $e^{n}$.

## Alternative definition

Sutton defines the mass ratio inversely as: $M_{R}={\frac {m_{1}}{m_{0}}}$
In this case, the values for mass fraction are always less than 1.
# Raja of Chettinad

The Raja of Chettinad was an honorary title bestowed on the head of the S. Rm. M. family of Kanadukathan in the Chettinad region by the government of the Madras Presidency during the British Raj era in India. The title was first bestowed upon Sir Annamalai Chettiar in 1929 in recognition of his public service and has been described by Hartmut Scharfe as a "fictitious hereditary title" of the type that it was possible to confer in accordance with the traditions of the ancient Indian epic text, the Mahabharata.

## List of Rajahs

* Sir Annamalai Chettiar (1929–48)
* M. A. Muthiah Chettiar (1948–84)
* M. A. M. Ramaswamy (1984-2015)

## List of Kumarrajahs

The heir-apparent was known as "Kumarrajah".
* M. A. Muthiah Chettiar (1929–48)
* M. A. M. Muthiah (1948–70)
* M. A. M. Ramaswamy (1970–84)
# Canoeing at the 2015 SEA Games – Women's K-1 200 metres

The Women's K-1 200 metres event at the 2015 SEA Games took place on 9 June 2015 at Marina Channel.
Six competitors representing six countries took part in this event.

## Schedule

All times are Singapore Standard Time (UTC+08:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Tuesday, 9 June 2015 | 09:20 | Final |

## Start list

| Lane | Athlete |
| 2 | OLLEH Norfatinah (MAS) |
| 3 | DO Thi Thanh Thao (VIE) |
| 4 | TUN Myo Thandar (MYA) |
| 5 | CHEN Sarah Jiemei (SIN) |
| 6 | SOKOY Erni (INA) |
| 7 | CHOCNGAMWONG Varipan (THA) |
# Matthew Parry (cricketer)

Matthew Croose Parry (11 December 1885 in Birley – 5 February 1931 in Carrigrohane, Ireland), was an Irish cricketer who played for Warwickshire. He was educated at Hereford Cathedral School.
# Eulithis serrataria

Eulithis serrataria, commonly known as the serrated eulithis, is a species of moth in the family Geometridae. It was first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1917 and it is found in North America.
# Little Matterhorn (Heard Island)

Little Matterhorn (53°4′S 73°30′E﻿ / ﻿53.067°S 73.500°E﻿ / -53.067; 73.500) is a rocky peak, 1,480 metres (4,860ft) high, formed by a small volcanic cone 1.1 nautical miles (2km) north-northwest of Fremantle Peak, on the north flank of Big Ben, the dominating mountain on Heard Island. It was surveyed and named in 1948 by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition.