OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yehuda Modern

Yehuda Modern (December 26, 1819 – October 14, 1893) was among the most distinguished and respected Hungarian rabbis of the nineteenth century despite the fact that he never held any rabbinic position.

## Biography

Modern was born in Pressburg, Kingdom of Hungary (today Bratislava, Slovakia) on December 26, 1819 (8 Tevet 5580) and was circumcised by that city's rabbi, the famed Chatam Sofer. Modern was a child prodigy, and by the age of eight was attending the Chatam Sofer's lectures - sitting on the great master's lap as his beloved student. As a teenager, his knowledge of the Gemora was so thorough that he could state how many times the name of the sage Rava appeared on each page of Tractate Bava Batra (the longest Talmudic tractate).
At the age of 18, Modern decided to travel to a yeshiva where he was not known, and he set out for Ungvár (today Uzhgorod, Ukraine) to study in the yeshiva of Rabbi Meir Asch. Arriving there, and finding that Rabbi Asch was not at home, Modern decided to visit the great chassidic rebbe, Rabbi Moshe Teitelbaum (the "Yismach Moshe") in nearby Sátoraljaújhely (Ujhel). Rabbi Teitelbaum was impressed with the young Modern and proposed him as a husband for Chaya Rachel Kahana, the daughter of Rabbi Shmuel Kahana, one of the leading citizens of the town of Máramarossziget (today Sighetu Marmației, Romania). Modern and Chaya Rachel Kahana were married that year in 1837.
Modern lived the rest of his life in Máramarossziget devoted entirely to Torah study and the performance of acts of kindness (chessed). In particular, he was known for visiting the sick, often spending entire nights by their bedsides. At the same time, he declined all offers of rabbinic positions and all other honors.
Modern is buried in the Kahana family ohel in the Sighet Jewish Cemetery - built into the cemetery wall with a window to the outside so that kohanim can pray at the graves of those buried inside. Modern's great grandson was Rabbi David L. Genuth.

## Books

Modern published several works, including a Torah commentary, Pri Ha'etz, and a commentary on divorce entitled Zichron Shmuel in memory of his father-in-law.
# Yeomsaek

Yeomsaek (Korean: 염색) is a traditional Korean process for dyeing cloth.
Yeomsaek primarily uses natural colourings such as tea, saffron and gardenia. The most important of these from a cultural perspective is indigo (jjock), which was used for the Korean Royal Family and for weddings.
The indigo dyeing process is centred in the Naju area, where regular flooding of the Yeongsan River provides an ideal wetland environment for the indigo plant. The plants are harvested in July, before they flower, and the leaves are stored in earthenware jars of water for several days to extract the pigment. The leaves are then removed and the water is mixed with lime from powdered oyster or clam shells to create a base. The leaves are dried and burned, and the ash is used as a source of lye which is mixed with the base. Finally, the mixture is stirred and fermented for several days to produce the eventual dye. Fabric to be dyed is soaked in the resulting liquid (which stains it yellow) and then dried in sunlight, which activates the pigments and turns the cloth a deep blue.
   I think the color indigo is a color in which lives the spirit and soul of the Korean people.
Jung Gwan-chae
The current master of this process, designated a Living National Treasure, is Jung Gwan-chae, who has cultivated indigo plants and prepared dye for over three decades. He became interested in the process at university, when one of his teachers gave him an indigo seed as a gift. Experimentation led to his rediscovery of traditional jjock-yeomsaek processes, and he has since become the major exponent of the art in Korea.
# Parkasaurus

Parkasaurus is a dinosaur zoo construction and management simulation video game developed by Washbear Studio. It entered Steam Early Access on September 25, 2018, and officially released on August 13, 2020. The player is tasked to create a dinosaur zoo by building and designing dinosaur exhibits. The game was also released on the Nintendo Switch on April 28, 2022.

## Gameplay

The standard game mode revolves around hiring employees, hatching dinosaur eggs, and catching dinosaurs if they escape. The player can use various components such as fences and plants to create exhibits for dinosaurs. All zoo buildings can be chosen from a build menu and placed within the zoo to generate income with its perks. Guests who stay longer at the location will also pay more. Among the employees, scientists can search around to find fossils, create new dinosaur eggs, and janitors clean up by taking the trash out. Single player mode is supported. Each dinosaur has certain diet and habitat needs, as well as privacy requirements. There are some basic biomes can be created immediately, but for others, some terrain needs be tweaked (water supplies, making it more rugged, adding trees). The game has two skill trees that will unlock new buildings, dinosaurs, and items.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | PC: 70/100 NS: 82/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| GameStar | 75/100 |
| Nintendo World Report | 8.5/10 |
| PC Games (DE) | 7/10 |
Parkasaurus received "mixed or average" reviews for Windows according to review aggregator Metacritic; the Nintendo Switch version received "generally favorable" reviews.

### Awards

Parkasaurus has won some awards during the development including Ubisoft Indie Series National Bank Special Prize Winner 2019, Pax Online 2020 Indie Showcase Selection and The MIX Pax West Showcase Selection 2019.
# Yeray

Yeray is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Yeray Álvarez, a Spanish footballer
* Yeray Cabanzón, a Spanish footballer
* Yeray González Luis, a Spanish footballer
* Yeray Gómez, a Spanish footballer
* Yeray Luxem, a Belgian athlete
* Yeray Patiño, a Spanish footballer
* Yeray Ruiz, a Spanish motorcycle racer
* Yeray Sabariego, a Spanish footballer
# Parish of Pinaroo

Pinaroo is a remote civil parish of Poole County in far north west New South Wales, located at 29°08′04″S 141°06′55″E.

## Features

The parish is notable for being in the top north west corner of New South Wales and contains Cameron's Corner.
The geography of Pinaroo is mostly the flat, arid landscape of the Channel Country but includes Lake Pinaroo. The parish lies entirely within the Sturt National Park.
The Queensland-New South Wales border forms the northern boundary of the parish, which is marked by The Dingo Fence, and the western boundary is the border with South Australia.
The parish has a Köppen climate classification of BWh (Hot desert). The county is barely inhabited with a population density of less than 1 person per 150 km² and the landscape is a flat arid scrubland.

## History

The parish is the traditional lands of the Wadigali, Wandruwandha and Malyangaba Aboriginal peoples.
Charles Sturt passed through the parish during 1845.
In 1861 the Burke and Wills expedition passed to the east, through what is now the Pindera Aboriginal Area, on the far side of Sturt National Park.
Gold was discovered nearby in the 1870s, and the miners were soon followed by pastoralists.
In 1880 Cameron Corner Survey Marker was established.
The Dingo Fence was completed in 1885.
Sturt National Park was established in 1972.
# Parish of Paradise (Evelyn County)

Parish of Paradise, New South Wales is a remote civil parish of Evelyn County, New South Wales in far northwest New South Wales. located at 29°51′00″S 141°50′39″E﻿ / ﻿29.850000°S 141.844167°E﻿ / -29.850000; 141.844167 on the border with South Australia.

## Geography

The geography of the Parish is mostly the flat, arid landscape of the Channel Country. The parish has a Köppen climate classification of BWh (Hot desert). The nearest town is Tibooburra to the north, which is on the Silver City Highway and lies south of the Sturt National Park.

## History

The Parish is on the traditional lands of the Wadigali and to a lesser extent Karenggapa, Aboriginal peoples.
When James Cook claimed New South Wales for Great Britain from Possession Island." he claimed the territory up to the 141st meridian east making the Parish on the border of that claim.
Charles Sturt passed to the west of the parish and camped for six months at nearby Preservation Creek, during 1845.
In 1861 the Burke and Wills expedition passed to the east. Gold was discovered nearby in the 1870s.
# Yasuo Maekawa

Yasuo Maekawa (前川 康男, Maekawa Yasuo, 1921–2003) was a Japanese children's book author. He was born in Tokyo Prefecture, and attended Waseda University.
# Parravicini

Parravicini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Benjamín Solari Parravicini (1898–1974), Argentine artist
* Florencio Parravicini (1876–1941), Argentine actor
* Francesco Parravicini (born 1982), Italian retired footballer
* Giacomo Parravicini or Paravicini, also referred to as il Gianolo (1660–1729), Italian painter
# Parametric animation

Parametric animation is an animation technique used in video game graphics that combines two or more separate animations together to form a new composite animation. This new animation is constructed in real-time by the game engine rather than being stored in a separate file. Parametric animations can reduce artist workload during game development and provide a smoother appearance.
This technique was first used in an early version of the game Team Fortress 2.

## Motivation

In game development, animators are required to create unique animations to reflect actions performed by the player, e.g. shooting, reloading, and jumping. If the player were to jump while shooting, the artist would have two choices:
* Allow the game to display the animation with higher priority — in this case, shooting
* Create a separate animation depicting simultaneous jumping and shooting
To handle all such cases, the animator would need to create composite animations for every combination of actions; running while shooting, strafing while shooting, jumping while reloading, etc. With parametric animation, an animator only needs to create a few base animations from which the composite animations can be automatically constructed.

## Mechanism

Animations have layer and priority data that can be combined and overridden. For example, a shooting animation might override the character's torso to point the gun forward but defer lower body movement to the active run, jump, or strafe animation.
# Parryella

Parryella filifolia, the common dunebroom, is a species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae. It is the only member of the genus Parryella. It is native to Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico.
Its ashes were sometimes used by members of the Hopi tribe in the maize nixtamalization process and helped to retain the blue color of cornmeal used to make piki bread. The beans were also used as a remedy for toothaches.
The genus name of Parryella is in honour of Charles Christopher Parry (1823–1890), who was a British-American botanist and mountaineer.
The genus and the species were circumscribed by John Torrey and Asa Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts vol.7 on page 397 in 1868.
# Paratorna

Paratorna is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae. The genus was erected by Edward Meyrick in 1907.

## Species

* Paratorna catenulella (Christoph, 1882)
* Paratorna cuprescens Falkovitsh, 1965
* Paratorna dorcas Meyrick, 1907
* Paratorna fenestralis Razowski, 1964
* Paratorna pterofulva Liu & Bai, 1988
* Paratorna pteropolia Liu & Bai, 1988
* Paratorna schintlmeisteri Razowski, 1991
* Paratorna seriepuncta (Christoph, 1882)

## Former species

* Paratorna oenina Diakonoff, 1976
# Paratorna cuprescens

Paratorna cuprescens is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the Russian Far East, Korea and Japan.
The wingspan is 15–17 mm.
# Yewon Arts University

Yewon Arts University is a private university located in Imsil County, North Jeolla province, South Korea. Undergraduate courses of study include painting, jewelry design, cultural product design, visual imaging, animation, music, dance, comedy, and cultural property preservation, as well as e-business and leisure studies. Campus facilities include a library and broadcasting facility. The dormitory is located in neighboring Jeonju City.

## Notable people

* Kim Shin-young, comedienne
# Yimkhiungrü language

Yimkhiungrü is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in northeast India by the Yimkhiung Naga people. It is spoken between Namchik and Patkoi in Shamator District, Nagaland, India. Yimkhiungrü language has more than 100,000 speakers and is used in over 100 villages and towns.

## Dialects

Ethnologue lists the following dialects of Yimchungrü:
* Tikhir
* Wai
* Chirr
* Minir
* Phanungru
* Langa

## Phonology

Consonants :
| | Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
| Plosive | p b | t d | c ɟ | k | |
| Aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | cʰ | kʰ | |
| Fricative | | s | ʃ | | h |
| Nasal | m | n | | ŋ | |
| Approximant | w | l r | j | | |
Vowels :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| High | i | | u |
| Mid | e | ə | o |
| Low | | a | |
Additionally, the following diphthongs have been observed: /ie/, /ou/.
# Parsora

Parsora is a town in Kendujhar District, Odisha, India.

## Geography

It is located at 21°57′0″N 85°36′0″E﻿ / ﻿21.95000°N 85.60000°E﻿ / 21.95000; 85.60000 at an elevation of 386 m above MSL.

## Location

National Highway 215 passes through Parsora. Nearest airport is Biju Patnaik Airport at Bhubaneswar.
# Partha Chatterjee

Partha Chatterjee may refer to:
* Partha Chatterjee (scholar) (born 1947), Indian scholar of political science, anthropology and history.
* Partha Chatterjee (politician), Indian politician from West Bengal.
# Passiflora trifasciata

Passiflora trifasciata is an endangered species of South American passionflower, native to the area spanning Ecuador to western Bolivia. Classified in subgenus Decaloba and supersection Decaloba, it is a liana with variegated leaves and small, fragrant white flowers.
# Parklands Campus

Parklands Campus was an independent non-maintained residential special school for boys and girls aged 11 to 19, near Abingdon, Oxfordshire, England. It closed in 2016, and has since this date been vacant. In 2018, Millgate Homes proposed a new development for the land, which is now completed.
It was run by the children's charity Action for Children.
Formerly Bessels Leigh School, it was taken over by children's charity Action for Children and relaunched as Spires School during the summer of 2009. In 2011, it was rebranded as Parklands Campus. It specialised in educating children with autism and related emotional and behavioural difficulties.
# Partizan Press

Partizan Press is a publisher of military history, especially about the English Civil War. They are the publishing division of Caliver Books — which is based in Leigh-on-Sea and Newthorpe. They also published Valkyrie Quarterly magazine and distribute miniature figurines for wargaming and role-playing.
# Parveen Mahmud

Parveen Mahmud is a Bangladeshi businesswoman and social worker. She is the chairperson of the Underprivileged Children Education Program. She is a member of the governing body of the Palli Karma Sahayak Foundation. She is a trustee of Transparency International Bangladesh. She is an independent director of Marico Bangladesh.

## Career

Mahmud was the managing director of Palli Karma Sahayak Foundation from 2004 to 2006.
Mahmud was awarded the Begum Rokeya award in 2006. In December 2007, she was re-elected to the board of directors of MIDAS Financing Limited. She was the acting chairperson of the Acid Survivors Foundation in May 2009. She was the vice-chairperson of the Underprivileged Children Education Program in 2010. She was the chairman of the Acid Survivors Foundation in 2010.
Mahmud was the first woman to be elected president of The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Bangladesh in 2011. Mahmud was the founding managing director of Grameen Telecom Trust. She is a director of Centre for Policy Dialogue and Manusher Jonnyo Foundation. She is a director of Linde Bangladesh.
In December 2018, Mahmud was elected chairman of the Underprivileged Children Education Program. She is the chairperson of Shasha Denims Limited. In February 2018, she announced plans to buy a 40 per cent stake in EOS Textile Limited. Mahmud, then chairperson of MIDAS Financing Limited, was made a trustee of Transparency International Bangladesh in June. Mahmud was awarded the Anannya Top Ten Awards in 2018.
In May 2019, Mahmud was appointed an independent director of Berger Paints Bangladesh. On 15 April 2019, she left the post of the managing director of Grameen Telecom Trust. Mahmud, managing director of Shasha Garments, announced plans to invest five million USD in the Dhaka Export Processing Zone. In March 2023, she was elected chairman of the board of trustees of RDRS Bangladesh. Mahmud joined the board of directors of MIDAS Financing Limited in April 2023. She is an executive member of Friendship (NGO).
# Yemeni jihadist rehabilitation program

In January 2009, the President of Yemen, Ali Abdullah Saleh announced plans to start a new Yemeni jihadist rehabilitation program similar to the Saudi jihadist rehabilitation program. According to Michelle Shephard, reporting for the Toronto Star in September 2009, Yemen had been an innovator in jihadist rehabilitation, with an effort led by the judge Hamoud al-Hitar, called the "Committee for Religious Dialogue". Shephard wrote in September 2009 that she found no sign of the new program during a recent visit.
Shephard wrote that the earlier jihadist rehabilitation program had been shut down in 2005 due to a lack of funds and lack of interest. She interviewed al-Hitar and Nasser al-Bahri, one of the program's more well-known graduates. Al-Bahri and his brother-in-law, Salim Ahmed Hamdan, long held as detainees in the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, were featured in the film documentary The Oath (2010) by the American filmmaker Laura Poitras.
Al-Bahri said that his meetings with al-Hitar were "tainted" because they took place in prison, and were under police surveillance. Shephard wrote that, using the term used by those who study rehabilitation of jihadists, al-Bahri was not "deradicalized" but rather "disengaged".
The Economist magazine reported that Socotra, a distant off-shore Yemeni island, was being considered as a possible site for the rehabilitation program.
# Yemeni mouse-tailed bat

The Yemeni mouse-tailed bat (Rhinopoma hadramauticum) is an endangered species of bat found in Yemen. It is only known from one roost, and its population is estimated at 150 individuals.

## Taxonomy and etymology

Before 2001, it was believed that only one mouse-tailed bat species was found in Yemen—the lesser mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma hardwickii. In 2001, a paper was published that cited the presence of the small mouse-tailed bat, R. muscatellum, in the Hadramaut Province of Yemen. However, an analysis of mitochondrial DNA in 2007 found a "deep genetic gap" between R. muscatellum in Iran and the individuals identified as R. muscatellum in Yemen. The genetic distance for the two populations was 8–9%. The lineages of the two populations are estimated to have diverged 10 million years ago. The 2007 study concluded that the population discovered in Yemen in 2001 was a distinct clade within R. muscatellum, but the authors stopped short of describing it as a new species. The Yemeni population of R. muscatellum was described as a new species in 2009 based on the genetic difference described in the 2007 paper. Its species name hadramauticum is a Neo-Latin derivation of "Hadramaut", which is the place where the holotype was collected.

## Description

It is considered a medium-sized bat for its genus. It has a nose-leaf that is trapezoidal in shape. Its tragus is broad and blunt, with two points. The outside edge of each tragus has several emarginations. Fur on the dorsal and ventral surfaces is grayish to grayish-brown in color. Fur around the neck is yellowish-brown, creating the appearance of a collar. The skin of its face, ears, belly, and extremities is pale gray in color. Its wing membranes, fingers, tail, and the tips of its ears are gray. Its forearm is 52–55.7 mm (2.05–2.19 in) long; its tail is 54–62 mm (2.1–2.4 in) long;

## Range and habitat

The only known colony of this species, as of 2007, was in a newly-constructed and uninhabited house in the village of Ash Shahar. The elevation of this roost is 65 m (213 ft) above sea level. The habitat around the roost, where the bat presumably forages, consists of arid and semi-desert climate.

## Conservation

It is currently evaluated as endangered by the IUCN. It meets the criteria for this designation because it is known from only one site, and its total population is estimated at 150 individuals. Main threats to this species are disturbances to its only known roost site. In the same paper where the species was initially described, the authors stated that it "may rank among the most threatened bat species in the Middle East or even in the World."
# Yemeni patrol boat Sana'a

Sana'a was a patrol boat built at Bollinger Shipyards for the Coast Guard of Yemen. She has one sister ship, Aden. The vessels use the same design as the United States Coast Guard's Marine Protector-class patrol boats. US vessels are, in turn, based on the Damen Stan 2600, designed by Damen Group.
Sana'a sank on 9 March 2017 after possibly striking a naval mine.
# Parsi Colony

Parsi Colony is a residential area located in Quetta, Pakistan. It is part of Parsi community in Pakistan.
The area was once part of thriving Parsi community in Quetta. It was allocated to Parsis during British Raj. Today, only three or four families are left.

## Notable residents

* Roshan Khursheed Bharucha
# Yomju County

Yŏmju County is a kun, or county, in northwestern North P'yŏngan province, North Korea, on the coast of the Yellow Sea. It is bordered by Ryongch'ŏn and P'ihyŏn to the north, Tongrim to the east, and Ch'ŏlsan to the south; to the west lies the ocean. The county was created in 1952 from portions of Ch'ŏlsan and Ryongch'ŏn.

## Geography

The terrain of Yŏmju is mostly level or rolling, sloping upward from the southwest to the northeast. In the north and east are small mountains like Mangilsan (613 m). The islands of the Pansŏng archipelago lie offshore and are a noted regional attraction. Other islands include Taedasado and Changdo.

## Administrative divisions

Yŏmju county is divided into 1 ŭp (town), 1 rodongjagu (workers' district) and 22 ri (villages):
| Yŏmju-ŭp (염주읍/鹽州邑) Tasa-rodongjagu (다사로동자구/多獅勞動者區) Chungho-ri (중호리/中虎里) Chuŭi-ri (주의리/做儀里) Hakso-ri (학소리/鶴巢里) Hasŏng-ri (하석리/下石里) Hyangbong-ri (향봉리/香峰里) In'gwang-ri (인광리/仁光里) Naejung-ri (내중리/內中里) Namap-ri (남압리/南鴨里) Pan'gong-ri (반곡리/盤谷里) Pan'gung-ri (반궁리/盤弓里) | Ryongbung-ri (룡북리/龍北里) Ryŏn'gong-ri (련곡리/蓮谷里) Ryongsal-li (룡산리/龍山里) Ryŏnsal-li (련산리/蓮山里) Samgae-ri (삼개리/三介里) Sinjŏng-ri (신정리/新亭里) Sŏg'am-ri (석암리/石岩里) Sŏrim-ri (서림리/西林里) Tobong-ri (도봉리/道峰里) Tongbal-li (동발리/東鉢里) Tongsŏng-ri (동성리/東城里) Wiha-ri (외하리/外下里) |

## Climate

Although warmed somewhat by the sea, the local climate remains basically continental, with an average annual temperature of 8.4 °C reflecting the fluctuation between January's -8.7 °C and August's 24 °C. Annual rainfall is relatively low, 800–1000 mm.

## Economy

Due to the level terrain, 54.4% of the land in Yŏmju is cultivated, with only 15% remaining as forestland (mostly pine). The county is North P'yŏngan's second-largest producer of rice; other local crops include soybeans, maize, tobacco, and fruit. Fishing and livestock raising are also important local industries, as is salt harvesting. Yŏmju produces enough salt to satisfy 10% of national demand. A large aquaculture installation also operates in the county, dating from the early 1980s; it is reported to cover more than 1 km², with more than 80 separate ponds.

## Transportation

Yŏmju county is served by the P'yŏngŭi, Tasado and Paengma lines of the Korean State Railway.

## Places of interest

A large rock in Namap-ri has been designated North Korean natural monument No. 64.