OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Octophonic sound

* 8 speakers spaced on a circle by 45°, first speaker 0°.
* 8 speakers spaced on a circle by 45°, first speaker 22.5°.
* 8 speakers spaced on the vertices of a cube.
Octophonic sound is a form of audio reproduction that presents eight discrete audio channels using eight speakers. For playback, the speakers may be positioned in a circle around the listeners or in any other configuration.
Typical speaker configurations are eight spaced on a circle by 45° (oriented with first speaker 0° or at 22.5°), or the vertices of a cube to create a double quadraphonic set-up with elevation. In reference to his own work, Karlheinz Stockhausen made a distinction between these two forms, reserving the term "octophonic" for a cube configuration, as found in his Oktophonie and the electronic music for scene 2 and the Farewell of Mittwoch aus Licht, and using the expression "eight-channel sound" for the circular arrangement, as used in Sirius, Unsichtbare Chöre, or Hours 13 to 21 of the Klang cycle. While quadraphonic sound uses four speakers positioned in a square at the four corners of the listening space (either on the ground or raised above the listeners), this cubical kind of octophonic spatialization offers both horizontal and vertical sound spatialization, meaning listeners get a sense of height. In order for such movement in space to be heard, it is necessary that rhythms be slow, and pitches change mainly in small steps or in glissandos.
Some notable composers who have worked with octophonic spatialisation include Karlheinz Stockhausen, Jonathan Harvey, Gérard Pape, and Larry Austin. The first known octophonic (that is, eight-channel) electronic music was John Cage's Williams Mix (1951–53) for eight separate simultaneously played back quarter-inch magnetic tapes. Austin later made a surround-sound octophonic mix of Williams Mix, Williams (re)Mix[ed] (1997–2000), using the score and different sound sources. This version is intended to be played back on eight speakers surrounding the audience in a 360° circle, using (unlike Cage's original version) stereo source recordings heard in adjacent speaker pairs. Octophonic sound (in the general sense of eight-channel playback) was stimulated primarily by "the equal coverage it provides to all listening angles" and also by the precedence of eight-channel (initially tape) sound and subsequent ease of playback.
# Nothofagus stylosa

Nothofagus stylosa is a species of plant in the family Nothofagaceae. It is endemic to West Papua (Indonesia). It is a Critically Endangered species threatened by habitat loss.
Nothofagus stylosa is known from a single population on the northern slope of the Central Range of Western New Guinea at approximately 1,200 meters elevation. It has an estimated area of occupancy (AOO) of 4 km$^2$. It grows in lower montane forest among other, more widespread, species of Nothofagus, including Nothofagus carrii and Nothofagus flaviramea.
Nothofagus forests in the area are exploited for timber, and the species is threatened by logging, fire, and conversion of forest to agriculture and other uses. It is assessed as critically endangered.
It was proposed to be renamed Trisyngyne stylosa in 2013.
# Thomas Fletcher (footballer)

Thomas Wilberforce Fletcher (1878 – after 1902) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Small Heath.
Born in Wednesfield, Staffordshire, Fletcher joined Second Division club Small Heath from Willenhall in 1900. He made his debut – as the third of five players used at inside left in the 1900–01 season – on 29 December 1900 in a 2–1 home win against Burslem Port Vale. Fletcher kept his place for the next game, but failed to impress, and returned to non-league football in the Black Country. He died in Wolverhampton.
# Adipiodone

Adipiodone (INN, or iodipamide; trade names Cholografin and Biligrafin) is a pharmaceutical drug used as a radiocontrast agent in X-ray imaging. It was introduced in the 1950s.
# Wan Lijun

Wan Lijun (Chinese: 万立骏, born July 1957) is a Chinese chemist, specializing in electrochemistry and surface science. He is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a former president of the University of Science and Technology of China.

## Career

Wan graduated with a B.S. in engineering from Dalian University of Technology in 1982 and received his PhD degree at Tohoku University in 1996. He has been a professor at Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) since 1999, and was the director of ICCAS from 2004 to 2013. Afterwards, he directed the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS. From 2015 to 2017, Wan was the president of the University of Science and Technology of China.
Wan improved the stability and resolution of electrochemical scanning tunneling microscope (ECTSM) devices, and resolved a number of related problems, such as the STM imaging mechanisms of various types of chiral molecules. He also designed a series of high-performance electrode materials based on micro/nano composite structures.
Wan was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2009. He is the president of the All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese since 2017.
During the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party, Wan was elected as a member of the 20th Central Committee.

## Awards

* HLHL Science and Technology Achievement Award (2014)
* Chemistry Award of TWAS (2009)
* 2nd-Class Natural Science Award of China (2007)
# Chandani

Chandani is a village development committee in Kanchanpur District in Sudurpashchim Province of south-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 12,385 people living in 2240 individual households. Mainly Brahmins, ksheris mostly western community. The main language is Doteli.
# St Mark's Church of England Primary School

St Mark's Church of England Primary School is a coeducational Church of England primary school in Talbot Village, Bournemouth, Dorset, England.

## History

The school was built in 1862, and designed by Christopher Crabb Creeke. In 1962, the schools centenary, the school saw a large expansion. The expanded building was officially opened by local Member of Parliament John Eden in March 1967.
The school became a Grade II listed building in 1972.

## Connections

The school is joined with the nearby St Mark's Church, and close to Bournemouth University.
# Gawa

Gawa may refer to:
* Gawa, Elcho Island, Australia
* Green Actors of West Africa, a network of environmental organisations
* Green and White Army, supporters of the Northern Ireland football team
* Guardians and Wards Act, an Act of the Parliament of India
* -gawa, a suffix meaning "river" in place names in Japan
# Baron Hamilton

Baron Hamilton may refer to several peerage titles.
* Baron Hamilton of Strabane in the County of Tyrone (1617)
* Baron Hamilton of Glenawly (1660)
* Baron Hamilton of Stackallen in the County of Meath (1715)
* Baron Hamilton of Hameldon in the County of Leicester (1776)
* Baron Hamilton of Wishaw in the County of Lanark (1831)
* Baron Hamilton of Dalzell in the county of Lanark (1886)
* Baron Hamilton of Epsom in the County of Devon (2005)
* Baron Hamilton of Hageby in Sweden
# Octophialucium

Octophialucium is a genus of Hydrozoan in the family Malagazziidae. The genus contains bioluminescent species.

## Species

The following species are recognized:
* Octophialucium aphrodite (Bigelow, 1928)
* Octophialucium bigelowi Kramp, 1955
* Octophialucium funerarium (Quoy & Gaimard, 1827)
* Octophialucium haeckeli (Vannucci & Soares Moreira, 1966)
* Octophialucium huangweiae Xu, Huang & Guo, 2007
* Octophialucium indicum Kramp, 1958
* Octophialucium krampi Bouillon, 1984
* Octophialucium medium Kramp, 1955
* Octophialucium mollis Bouillon, 1984
* Octophialucium neustona Xu, Huang & Guo, 2007
* Octophialucium sinensis Huang, Xu, Guo & Qiu, 2010
* Octophialucium solidum (Menon, 1932)
# Nothofidonia

Nothofidonia is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.
# Mimosa disperma

Mimosa disperma is a species of plant in the family Fabaceae. It is found only in Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.
# Adriana Barenstein

Adriana Barenstein is an Argentine choreographer, educator, and radio personality. Her works are focused on human-physical environment interactions. She also served as head of the Centro Cultural Ricardo Rojas Department of Dance Theater from 1984 until 1994.

## Biography

Adriana Barenstein was educated at the University of Buenos Aires (UBA), where she studied philosophy. After working at the National School of Dance as a teacher (1979-1985), she returned to UBA, where she formed the Centro Cultural Ricardo Rojas Department of Dance Theater and was head of the former from 1984 until 1994, an era she recalled "was very important for her [and] a dizzying moment". At the Centro Cultural Borgesa, she conceived their Living Arts Area, and she has also directed their workshops and dance school.
Many of her works – particularly the Edward Hopper-inspired Disculpen este prolongado silencio con música (1992), El Amor (2005), and Cuerpo y Ciudad (2010) – focused on human-physical environment interactions. Inspired by the 1997 Festival en el Subte, she began organizing monthly dances inside subway cars and stations as Curator of Dance, Theater, and Music at the Buenos Aires Underground. Some of her works use music from Edgardo Rudnitzky [es]. In a 2000 interview with Diario Río Negro, she said of her projects' aesthetics: "If I say that my creation corresponds to a certain canon, I can't belong to another, I have to stay locked in there, and I don't like that type of choice. I prefer methodologically to define pedagogically."
She was appointed a Guggenheim Fellow in 2011. As part of the fellowship, she worked on the projects Esferas and Cuerpo y entorno.
She has also worked as a radio personality, hosting FM Radio Cultura's La Voz del Laberinto.
# 2002 Tanzanian census

The 2002 Tanzanian census was conducted in August 2002 by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) of the Government of Tanzania. This included a census of agriculture in the country providing important data about the economy.
# Nuno Alves

Nuno Alves (born 8 February 1973) is a Portuguese male weightlifter, competing in the 62 kg category and representing Portugal at international competitions. He participated at the 1996 Summer Olympics in the 59 kg event. He competed at world championships, most recently at the 1998 World Weightlifting Championships.

## Major results

| Year | Venue | Weight | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Total | Rank |
| Year | Venue | Weight | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | Total | Rank |
| Summer Olympics |||||||||||||
| 1996 | Atlanta, United States | 59 kg | | | | — | | | | — | | 14 |
| World Championships |||||||||||||
| 1998 | Lahti, Finland | 62 kg | 102.5 | 107.5 | 110 | 20 | 130 | 135 | 135 | 20 | 237.5 | 19 |
# Chandani Padva

Chandani Padva or Chandi Padvo is an occasion when Surtis (Gujarati people from Surat) enjoy a popular local variety of sweet Ghari, Bhushu (namkin). The festival falls on a day after Sharad Poornima, the last full moon day in the Hindu calendar. People generally gather on the terrace with friends and family and enjoy delicious Gari and Bhushu.
# Baraeus itzingeri

Baraeus itzingeri is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1935. It is known from Tanzania and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
# GawLab Organisation

GawLab (which means "fast" in Wolof) is a cultural non profit NGO based in Dakar. Its mission is to trickle and customize the use of IT in Africa and it focuses in African cultural policies and productions, digital art, art history and cultural heritage.

## History

GAW is based on the experience of the informal group WAG Women Action Group and the name GAW comes from the inverted acronym WAG-GAW. The history of the organisation is deeply linked with the history of the Phone Centres and the Internet in Senegal and specifically in Dakar. GAW is created as a platform to encourage on-line collaborative work and to provide artists and intellectuals based in Dakar with digital tools.
GawLab was founded by Sylviane Dio, N'Goné Fall.
# Stefan Stoykov

Stefan Stoykov can refer to:
* Stefan Stoykov (basketball) (1938–2013), Bulgarian basketball player
* Stefan Stoykov (javelin thrower), born 1951, Bulgarian athlete
* Stefan Stoykov (rowing), born 1953, Bulgarian rowing coxswain
# Nusantara

Nusantara most commonly refers to:
* Nusantara (term), an Old Javanese term which initially referred to the conquered territories of the Majapahit empire, corresponding to present-day Indonesia
* Nusantara (city), the under construction future capital city of Indonesia
Nusantara may also refer to:

## Organisation and building

* Bina Nusantara University (abbreviated as BINUS University), a private university in Jakarta, Indonesia
* Merpati Nusantara Airlines, an Indonesian airline based in Central Jakarta
* Multimedia Nusantara University, a private university in Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
* Nusantara Air Charter, an Indonesian airline which operates charter flights
* Nusantara Society, a Russian non-profit society for intellectuals
* Nusantara TV, an Indonesian private-commercial digital terrestrial television network
* PT Pasifik Satelit Nusantara, an Indonesian satellite communication company formed in 1991
* PT Perkebunan Nusantara IX, a state-owned Indonesian agricultural company
* Taruna Nusantara, a boarding senior high school in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia
* Wisma Nusantara, an office building located in Jakarta, Indonesia

## Other uses

* Islam Nusantara, a distinctive branch of Islam developed in the Indonesian archipelago
* Katibah Nusantara, a Southeast Asian military unit within the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
* Nusantara Satu, an Indonesian satellite
* Wawasan Nusantara, the national vision of Indonesia towards their people, nation, and territory
# Wagner-Werk-Verzeichnis

The Wagner-Werk-Verzeichnis (Catalogue of Wagner's Works), abbreviated WWV, is an index and musicological guide to the 113 musical compositions and works for the stage by Richard Wagner. It includes guidance on editions of the published works and explanations of historical performance practices. John Deathridge, Martin Geck, and Egon Voss compiled the catalogue.
In compiling the catalogue, the authors studied Wagner's writings and examined drafts, sketches, and scores of the compositions. For the full list, see List of compositions by Richard Wagner.
# Ministry of Labor, Family, and Social Protection

Ministry of Labor, Family, and Social Protection may refer to:
* Ministry of Labor, Family, and Social Protection (Romania)
* Ministry of Labor, Family, and Social Protection (Moldova)
# Adrianna Biedrzyńska

Adrianna Biedrzyńska (born 30 March 1962, in Toruń, Poland) is a Polish actress. She performed in more than thirty films since 1983. She is best known for her performance as Anka in Decalogue IV.
She works well in both dramatic and comedy roles, although the actress herself admits that she feels better in comic roles. In 2008, she made a guest appearance in Katowice at the Rialto Kinoteater in the title role in the musical comedy for children Flea Szachrajka, in which she was partnered with, among others, Rafał Sawicki.
In her theater work, she had the opportunity to collaborate, among others with directors such as Janusz Bukowski, Adam Hanuszkiewicz, Barbara Sass. Critics positively assessed her role as Marina in Pericles, the ruler of Tire (1984), although the performance itself was not successful.

## Selected filmography

Film :
| Year | Title | Role |
| 1988 | Decalogue IV | Anka |
| 1988 | Hanussen | Wally |
| 1989 | 300 Miles to Heaven | Journalist |
| 1992 | Un'altra vita | Alia |
# 2004 Gerry Weber Open – Doubles

Jonas Björkman and Todd Woodbridge were the defending champions, but lost in the first round this year.
Leander Paes and David Rikl won in the final 6–2, 7–5, against Tomáš Cibulec and Petr Pála.

## Seeds

* Jonas Björkman / Todd Woodbridge (first round)
* Martin Damm / Cyril Suk (quarterfinals)
* Leander Paes / David Rikl (champions)
* Jonathan Erlich / Andy Ram (semifinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | J Björkman T Woodbridge | 5 | 6$^7$ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | M Fish A Pavel | 7 | 7$^9$ | | | M Fish A Pavel | 7$^8$ | 6$^1$ | 2 | | | | | | | | |
| | F López S Sargsian | 6 | 6 | | | F López S Sargsian | 6$^6$ | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | | | |
| | T Perry M Verkerk | 4 | 4 | | | | | | | | F López S Sargsian | 2 | 6$^8$ | | | | |
| 3 | L Paes D Rikl | 6$^5$ | 6 | 7 | | | | | | 3 | L Paes D Rikl | 6 | 7$^{10}$ | | | | |
| | Y Allegro R Federer | 7$^7$ | 3 | 5 | 3 | L Paes D Rikl | 7$^8$ | 6$^6$ | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | | |
| | J Novák P Vízner | 6 | 5 | 6 | | J Novák P Vízner | 6$^6$ | 7$^8$ | 6$^4$ | | | | | | | | |
| | M Fyrstenberg M Matkowski | 2 | 7 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | 3 | L Paes D Rikl | 6 | 7 |
| WC | L Burgsmüller A Popp | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | | | | | | T Cibulec P Pála | 2 | 5 |
| | A Clément M Youzhny | 0 | 6$^3$ | | WC | L Burgsmüller A Popp | 4 | 7$^7$ | 4 | | | | | | | | |
| | N Kiefer R Schüttler | 6 | 6$^5$ | 2 | 4 | J Erlich A Ram | 6 | 6$^5$ | 6 | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | J Erlich A Ram | 4 | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | 4 | J Erlich A Ram | 4 | 3 | | | | |
| WC | T Haas A Waske | 6$^3$ | 6$^4$ | | | | | | | | T Cibulec P Pála | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | T Cibulec P Pála | 7$^7$ | 7$^7$ | | | T Cibulec P Pála | 4 | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | |
| | J Knowle M Kohlmann | 4 | 6$^2$ | | 2 | M Damm C Suk | 6 | 2 | 3 | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | M Damm C Suk | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Walking Home Alone

"Walking Home Alone" may refer to:
* "Walkin' Home Alone", by Stan Ridgway from The Big Heat (album) 1986
* "Walking Home Alone", song by The Nadas from New Start (The Nadas album) and Show to Go
* "Walking Home Alone Again", 1978 single by The Radiators from Space from Ghostown (The Radiators album)
# Lord Lieutenant of Flintshire

This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Flintshire. Since 1802, all Lord Lieutenants have also been Custos Rotulorum of Flintshire. The office was abolished on 31 March 1974, and was replaced by the Lord Lieutenant of Clwyd.

## Lord Lieutenants of Flintshire to 1974

    See Lord Lieutenant of Wales before 1694
* Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury 31 May 1694 – 10 March 1696
* Charles Gerard, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield 10 March 1696 – 5 November 1701
* William Stanley, 9th Earl of Derby 18 June 1702 – 5 November 1702
* Hugh Cholmondeley, 1st Earl of Cholmondeley 2 December 1702 – 4 September 1713
* Other Windsor, 2nd Earl of Plymouth 4 September 1713 – 21 October 1714
* Hugh Cholmondeley, 1st Earl of Cholmondeley 21 October 1714 – 18 January 1725
* George Cholmondeley, 2nd Earl of Cholmondeley 7 April 1725 – 7 May 1733
* George Cholmondeley, 3rd Earl of Cholmondeley 14 June 1733 – 25 October 1760
* Sir Roger Mostyn, 5th Baronet 10 July 1761 – 26 July 1796
* Lloyd Kenyon, 1st Baron Kenyon 9 September 1796 – 1 June 1798
* Robert Grosvenor, 1st Marquess of Westminster 1 June 1798 – 17 February 1845
* Sir Stephen Glynne, 9th Baronet 25 April 1845 – 17 June 1874
* Hugh Robert Hughes 4 August 1874 – 29 April 1911
* William Glynne Charles Gladstone 6 July 1911 – 15 April 1915
* Henry Neville Gladstone, 1st Baron Gladstone of Hawarden 23 June 1915 – 28 April 1935
* Rear-Admiral Rafe Grenville Rowley-Conwy, 3 June 1935 – 4 April 1951
* Brigadier Hugh Salusbury Kynaston Mainwaring, 6 July 1951 – 31 March 1974 †
† Became Lord Lieutenant of Clwyd 1 April 1974.

## Deputy lieutenants

A deputy lieutenant of Flintshire is commissioned by the Lord Lieutenant of Flintshire. Deputy lieutenants support the work of the lord-lieutenant. There can be several deputy lieutenants at any time, depending on the population of the county. Their appointment does not terminate with the changing of the lord-lieutenant, but they usually retire at age 75.

### 19th Century

* 20 March 1846: Richard Price Puleston
# Geology of Cambridgeshire

    This article describes the geology of the ceremonial county of Cambridgeshire. It thus includes the present City of Peterborough and the historic county of Huntingdonshire which was brought into the county in 1974.
The geology of Cambridgeshire in eastern England largely consists of unconsolidated Quaternary sediments such as marine and estuarine alluvium and peat overlying deeply buried Jurassic and Cretaceous age sedimentary rocks.

## Jurassic

Limestones, mudstones and sandstones of the Inferior Oolite Group and Great Oolite Group dating from the early to mid Jurassic Period are present at depth beneath western Cambridgeshire. The later Kellaways and Oxford Clay formations and Ampthill Clay formations all assigned to the Ancholme Group of middle to late Jurassic times underlie much of central Cambridgeshire.

## Cretaceous

Cretaceous rocks come to the surface in the east of the county and beneath Cambridge itself including the lower and upper Greensand, the Gault Formation and lastly the Chalk Group, youngest element of the local bedrock.

## Quaternary

Extensive areas of older glacial till are mapped across parts of the southwest of the county, notably between Peterborough and Royston, south of Newmarket and in isolated patches around March and Ely.
# Basil Bade Stanley Carboo

Basil Bade Stanley Carboo is a Ghanaian politician and also a printer. He was a member of parliament for the Ningo-Prampram constituency in Greater Accra Region of Ghana.

## Early life and education

Carboo was born on 3 December 1937 in Greater Accra Region of Ghana. He schooled in London at the London School of Printing (Currently London College of Communication), there he obtained a Diploma.

## Career

Carboo was a printer before entering the parliament in 1993 as a member of the first parliament of the fourth republic of Ghana.

## Politics

Carboo was a member of the first parliament of the fourth republic of Ghana. He took seat during the 1992 Ghanaian parliamentary election on the ticket of the National Democratic Congress. He was on seat from 7 January 1993 to 7 January 1997.
He did only one term for the Ningo-prampram constituency under Jerry John Rawlings Government. He was succeeded by Enoch Teye Mensah of the National Democratic Congress who won the seat during the 1996 Ghanaian general election with 15,677 votes representing 56.10% of the share defeating his opponents; Desmond Nene Quaynor who polled 1,569 which represent 5.60% of the total votes cast and Gwendolyn Sara Addo an Independent candidate who also polled 1,537 representing 5.50% under the membership of the National Democratic Congress. He hold the seat from January 1996 to January 2017.

## Personal life

Carboo is a Christian.