OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# De Longchamps point

In geometry, the de Longchamps point of a triangle is a triangle center named after French mathematician Gaston Albert Gohierre de Longchamps. It is the reflection of the orthocenter of the triangle about the circumcenter.

## Definition

Let the given triangle have vertices $A$, $B$, and $C$, opposite the respective sides $a$, $b$, and $c$, as is the standard notation in triangle geometry. In the 1886 paper in which he introduced this point, de Longchamps initially defined it as the center of a circle $\Delta$ orthogonal to the three circles $\Delta _{a}$, $\Delta _{b}$, and $\Delta _{c}$, where $\Delta _{a}$ is centered at $A$ with radius $a$ and the other two circles are defined symmetrically. De Longchamps then also showed that the same point, now known as the de Longchamps point, may be equivalently defined as the orthocenter of the anticomplementary triangle of $ABC$, and that it is the reflection of the orthocenter of $ABC$ around the circumcenter.
The Steiner circle of a triangle is concentric with the nine-point circle and has radius 3/2 the circumradius of the triangle; the de Longchamps point is the homothetic center of the Steiner circle and the circumcircle.

## Additional properties

As the reflection of the orthocenter around the circumcenter, the de Longchamps point belongs to the line through both of these points, which is the Euler line of the given triangle. Thus, it is collinear with all the other triangle centers on the Euler line, which along with the orthocenter and circumcenter include the centroid and the center of the nine-point circle.
The de Longchamp point is also collinear, along a different line, with the incenter and the Gergonne point of its triangle. The three circles centered at $A$, $B$, and $C$, with radii $s-a$, $s-b$, and $s-c$ respectively (where $s$ is the semiperimeter) are mutually tangent, and there are two more circles tangent to all three of them, the inner and outer Soddy circles; the centers of these two circles also lie on the same line with the de Longchamp point and the incenter. The de Longchamp point is the point of concurrence of this line with the Euler line, and with three other lines defined in a similar way as the line through the incenter but using instead the three excenters of the triangle.
The Darboux cubic may be defined from the de Longchamps point, as the locus of points $X$ such that $X$, the isogonal conjugate of $X$, and the de Longchamps point are collinear. It is the only cubic curve invariant of a triangle that is both isogonally self-conjugate and centrally symmetric; its center of symmetry is the circumcenter of the triangle. The de Longchamps point itself lies on this curve, as does its reflection the orthocenter.
# De Los Santos

De Los Santos, also spelled delos Santos in the Philippines, is a Spanish surname meaning "of the saints". Notable people with the surname include:
* Abel De Los Santos (born 1992), American baseball player
* Alejandro de los Santos (1902–1982), Argentinian football player
* Enyel De Los Santos (born 1995), Dominican Republic baseball player
* Epifanio de los Santos (1871–1928), Filipino historian
* Fautino de los Santos (born 1986), Dominican Republic baseball player
* Gonzalo de los Santos (born 1976), Uruguayan football player
* Jaime de los Santos (born 1946), Filipino general
* Ramón de los Santos (1949—2015), Dominican Republic baseball player
* Valerio de los Santos (born 1972), Dominican Republic baseball player
* William de los Santos, (born 1964), actor
* Homer Delos Santos (born 1993), Project Evaluation Assistant in DENR - Environmental Management Bureau Solid Waste Management Division
* Yerry De Los Santos (born 1997), Dominican Republic baseball player
* Arvin De Los Santos (born 2000), artist from the Philippines
# Avicennia bicolor

Avicennia bicolor is a species of tropical mangrove in the family Acanthaceae. It grows in coastal and estuarine locations in the Tropical Eastern Pacific, from southern Mexico (Chiapas) along the Pacific coast of Central America to western Colombia.
# Wine cask

Wine cask may refer to:
* a wine barrel
* a Bag-In-Box storage for wine, used for box wine (especially in Australian English).
# Deborah Cook

Deborah Cook is the name of:
* Deborah Cook (soprano) (1938–2019), American opera singer
* Deborah Cook (philosopher) (born 1954), Canadian philosopher
* Debbie Cook (born 1954), American politician
* Deborah J. Cook, Canadian medical scientist
* Deborah L. Cook (born 1952), American judge
# Wini

Wini or WINI can refer to:
* Wini, Indonesia, a village in Indonesia with a border crossing to East Timor
* Wine (bishop), a medieval Bishop of London
* WINI, an American radio station
* Wini Wini, a mountain in Peru
# De Nooijer

De Nooijer is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bradley de Nooijer (born 1997), Dutch footballer
* Dennis de Nooijer (born 1969), Dutch footballer
* Gérard de Nooijer (born 1969), Dutch footballer
* Jeremy de Nooijer (born 1992), Dutch-born Curaçaoan footballer
* Teun de Nooijer (born 1976), Dutch field hockey player
# Death Threatz

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| RapReviews | 7.5/10 |
| The Source | |
Death Threatz is the second studio album by American rapper MC Eiht. It was released on April 9, 1996, through Epic Street. The recording sessions took place at Echo Sound and X-Factor Studios in Los Angeles. The album was produced by Compton's Most Wanted members DJ Slip and MC Eiht, along with Prodeje of South Central Cartel, Gentry "Black Jack" Reed, Robert "Fonksta" Bacon, and Tomie Mundy. It features guest performances from Young Prodeje and N.O.T.R.
The album peaked at number 16 on the Billboard 200 and at number 3 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States. It spawned two uncharted singles: a lead single "Thuggin It Up" and a promotional single "You Can't See Me" which both featured music videos.

## Personnel

* Aaron Tyler – main artist, vocals, keyboards (tracks: 2, 3, 6, 12, 14), producer (tracks: 2, 3, 6, 10, 12, 14), executive producer
* Terry Keith Allen – main artist, producer (tracks: 9, 13, 15), co-producer (tracks: 2, 3, 10, 12, 14)
* Michael Bryant – scratches (track 15)
* Gene Heisser – featured artist, vocals (tracks: 3, 10)
* Vernon Johnson – featured artist, vocals (tracks: 3, 13)
* Patrick Earl Pitts – featured artist, vocals (track 11)
* Cary Calvin – vocals (track 8)
* Da Foe – featured artist (track 7)
* William Fredric Zimmerman – keyboards (tracks: 2, 3, 6, 9, 12–14)
* Austin Patterson – producer (tracks: 1, 4, 7, 11)
* Gentry Reed – producer (tracks: 5, 8)
* Robert Bacon, Jr. – co-producer (tracks: 1, 4, 7, 11)
* Tomie Mundy – co-producer (tracks: 1, 4, 7, 11)
* Alan Yoshida – mastering
* Ted Lowe – A&R
* Dante Ariola – art direction
* Jay Papke – art direction
* Christopher McCann – photography
* Stephen Stickler – photography
* Ken Smith – management

## Charts

| Chart (1996) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 16 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 3 |
# Avogbana

Avogbana is an arrondissement in the Zou department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Bohicon. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 5,172.
# 1911 German football championship

The 1911 German football championship, the 9th edition of the competition, was won by Viktoria 89 Berlin, defeating VfB Leipzig 3–1 in the final.
For Viktoria it was the second national championship, having previously won the 1908 edition. Together with two losing finals in 1907 and 1909 it marked the end of the club's most successful era and also equaled VfB Leipzigs record of two championships won. Leipzig, champions in 1903 and 1906 would twice more appear in the final, winning in 1913 and losing in 1914.
Viktoria's Willy Worpitzky was the top scorer of the 1911 championship with four goals.
Eight clubs qualified for the competition played in knock-out format, the champions of each of the eight regional football championships. It was the last season where two rival football associations from Berlin send their champions to the German championship, with the two merging at the end of the season.

## Qualified teams

The teams qualified through the regional championships:
| Club | Qualified as |
| Lituania Tilsit | Baltic champions |
| Askania Forst | South Eastern German champions |
| Viktoria 89 Berlin | Berlin champions (Verband Berliner Ballspielvereine) |
| Tasmania Rixdorf | March football champions (Märkischer Fußball-Bund) |
| VfB Leipzig | Central German champions |
| Holstein Kiel | Northern German champions |
| Duisburger SpV | Western German champions |
| Karlsruher FV | Southern German champions |

## Competition
### Quarter-finals

The quarter-finals, played on 7 May 1911:
| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| Holstein Kiel | 3–1 | Duisburger SpV |
| Karlsruher FV | 4–0 | Tasmania Rixdorf |
| VfB Leipzig | 3–2 | Askania Forst |
| Viktoria 89 Berlin | $^‡$ | Lituania Tilsit |
* $^‡$ Game not played, awarded to Viktoria 89 Berlin.

### Semi-finals

The semi-finals, played on 21 May 1911:
| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| VfB Leipzig | 2–0 | Karlsruher FV |
| Viktoria 89 Berlin | 4–0 | Holstein Kiel |

### Final

VIKTORIA BERLIN :
| | Reinhold Welkisch |
| | Helmut Röpnack |
| | Paul Fischer |
| | Willi Knesebeck |
| | Paul Hunder |
| | Albert Graßmann |
| | Otto Dumke |
| | Willy Worpitzky |
| | Paul Kugler |
| | Robert Krüger |
| | Hermann Gasse |
| Manager: ||||
VFB LEIPZIG :
| | Johannes Schneider |
| | Heinrich Riso |
| | Lothar Rubin |
| | Curt Hesse |
| | Curt Fischer |
| | Hans Dolge |
| | Willy Völker |
| | Karl Uhle |
| | Camillo Ugi |
| | Adalbert Friedrich |
| | Emil Feiler |
| Manager: ||||
# Swamps and tall-herb fens in the British National Vegetation Classification system

This article gives an overview of the swamp and tall-herb fen communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system.

## Introduction

The swamp and tall-herb fen communities of the NVC were described in Volume 4 of British Plant Communities, first published in 1995, along with the aquatic communities.
In total, 28 swamp and tall-herb fen communities have been identified.
The swamp and tall-herb fen communities consist of three separate subgroups:
* twenty-one swamp communities, characterised by being species-poor, each dominated by an often tall or bulky monocotyledon species, with little or nothing in the way of an understorey: S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16, S17, S18, S19, S20 and S29
* two communities termed "water-margin vegetation": S22 and S23
* five tall-herb fen communities, which have a more species-rich understorey than the swamps: S24, S25, S26, S27 and S28

## List of swamp and tall-herb fen communities

The following is a list of the communities that make up this category:
* S1 Carex elata sedge-swamp Caricetum elatae Koch 1926
* S2 Cladium mariscus swamp and sedge-beds Cladietum marisci Zobrist 1933 emend. Pfeiffer 1961
* S3 Carex paniculata swamp Caricetum paniculatae Wangerin 1916
* S4 Phragmites australis swamp and reed-beds Phragmitetum australis (Gams 1927) Schmale 1939
* S5 Glyceria maxima swamp Glycerietum maximae (Nowinski 1928) Hueck 1931 emend. Krausch 1965
* S6 Carex riparia swamp Caricetum ripariae Soó 1928
* S7 Carex acutiformis swamp Caricetum acutiformis Sauer 1937
* S8 Scirpus lacustris ssp. lacustris swamp Scirpetum lacustris (Allorge 1922) Chouard 1924
* S9 Carex rostrata swamp Caricetum rostratae Rübel 1912
* S10 Equisetum fluviatile swamp Equisetetum fluviatile Steffen 1931 emend. Wilczek 1935
* S11 Carex vesicaria swamp Caricetum vesicariae Br.-Bl. & Denis 1926
* S12 Typha latifolia swamp Typhetum latifoliae Soó 1927
* S13 Typha angustifolia swamp Typhetum angustifoliae Soó 1927
* S14 Sparganium erectum swamp Sparganietum erecti Roll 1938
* S15 Acorus calamus swamp Acoretum calami Schulz 1941
* S16 Sagittaria sagittifolia swamp
* S17 Carex pseudocyperus swamp
* S18 Carex otrubae swamp Caricetum otrubae Mirza 1978
* S19 Eleocharis palustris swamp Eleocharitetum palustris Schennikow 1919
* S20 Scirpus lacustris ssp. tabernaemontani swamp Scirpetum tabernaemontani Passarge 1964
* S21 Scirpus maritimus swamp Scirpetum maritimi (Br.-Bl. 1931) R.Tx. 1937
* S22 Glyceria fluitans water-margin vegetation Glycerietum fluitantis Wilczek 1935
* S23 Other water-margin vegetation Glycerio-Sparganion Br.-Bl. & Sissingh apud Boer 1942 emend. Segal
* S24 Phragmites australis - Peucedanum palustre tall-herb fen Peucedano-Phragmitetum australis Wheeler 1978 emend.
* S25 Phragmites australis - Eupatorium cannabinum tall-herb fen
* S26 Phragmites australis - Urtica dioica tall-herb fen
* S27 Carex rostrata - Potentilla palustris tall-herb fen Potentillo-Caricetum rostratae Wheeler 1980a
* S28 Phalaris arundinacea tall-herb fen Phalaridetum arundinaceae Libbert 1931
# Station to Station (disambiguation)

Station to Station is a 1976 album by David Bowie.
Station to Station may also refer to:

## Arts

* "Station to Station" (song), title song of the 1976 David Bowie album
* Station to Station (2015 film), 2015 experimental film
* Station to Station (2021 film), 2021 psychological drama
* "Station to Station" (Russian Doll)
* "Station to Station" (Star Wars Resistance)

## Telecommunications

* Station-to-station, a method of operator-assisted telephone calls
* Station-to-Station protocol, a cryptographic protocol
# Stethojulis strigiventer

Stethojulis strigiventer, also known as the three-ribbon wrasse, silverstreak wrasse, silverbelly wrasse, lined rainbowfish or silver-streaked rainbowfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a wrasse from the family Labridae. This species occurs in beds of seagrass and areas of inner reefs and shallow lagoons where there is a substrate consisting of mixed sand, rubble, and algae. It is found in small groups which swim over large areas down as deep as 20 metres (66 ft). The range of this species extends from the Red Sea southwards along the eastern coast of Africa to Algoa Bay in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and eastwards to the Marshall and Tuamotu islands, it also extends north to Honshu and south to New South Wales. This species was first formally described as Julis strigiventer in 1833 by the English zoologist Edward Turner Bennett (1797-1836) with the type locality given as Mauritius. When Albert Günther created the genus Stethojulis he designated Julis strigiventer as the type species.
# Borea

Borea may refer to:

## People

* Alberto Borea (b. ? ), Peruvian lawyer and politician
* Evelina Borea (b. 1931), Italian art historian and curator

## Air and water craft

* Caproni Ca.308 Borea, a small Italian airliner
* Italian destroyer Borea, various Italian naval ships
* SS Borea, a hotel and museum ship now known as the MS Bore
* Teichfuss Borea or LT.35 Borea, an Italian high-performance glider

## Other meanings

* Borea, an invalid synonym for the moth genus Eudonia
* Borea, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community in the United States
* SC Borea Dresden, a German football club
* Vera Borea, French fashion house
# Paraonidae

Paraonidae is a family of polychaetes belonging to the order Cirratulida.

## Genera

Genera:
* Aedicira Hartman, 1957
* Aparaonis Hartman, 1965
* Aricidea Webster, 1879
# 1,4-Pentadiyne

1,4-Pentadiyne (penta-1,4-diyne) is a chemical compound belonging to the alkynes. The compound is the structural isomer to 1,3-pentadiyne.

## Preparation

Until the late 1960s, no successful synthesis of this seemingly simply preparable molecule was described. Although long-chain and more complex 1,4-diynes had been synthesized successfully before, synthesis approaches starting from sodium acetylide or the acetylene Grignard reagent and propargyl bromide or methylene chloride failed, even with the inclusion of copper(I) chloride. Mostly 1,3-pentadiyne was obtained as rearrangement product.
The first successful isolation reacted propargyl bromide and ethynylmagnesium bromide, with a copper(I) chloride catalyst in THF. This gave a 70% yield in solution, but the product was difficult to separate from the solvent. Compared to previous attempts, the successful approach included an additional round of flash distillation and gas-liquid chromatography of the distillate.
An improved synthesis method was published by Verkruijsse and Hasselaar in 1979. Copper chloride was substituted by copper(I) bromide as well as propargyl bromide by propargyl tosylate. At lower reaction temperatures and fewer by-products, the alkiyne was obtained after multistep extraction. According to the publication’s authors, this circumvented the problem that the solvent THF and the main compound share similar boiling points.
Moreover, a flash vacuum pyrolysis starting from 3-ethynylcycloprop-1-ene at 550 °C yields the compound and penta-1,2-dien-4-yne as sideproduct.
Alternatively, a photolytic decomposition of cyclopentadienylidene via UV radiation is possible.
The compounds forms also during the exothermic reaction of allene and the ethynyl radical. This reaction is mainly of interest for astrochemistry.

## Properties

At room temperature the substance discolors from a colorless to a yellowish liquid, however, storage in diluted solutions at 0 °C is possible for multiple weeks.
While for 1,4-pentadiene the sp$^2$-hybridization leads to a bond angle of 120° between the single and double bond, in 1,4-pentadiyne it is a 180° angle due to the sp-hybrid orbital. Both triple bonds in 1,4-position destabilize each other according to another study by 3.9 kcal · mol$^{−1}$, a repulsion between the p orbital lobes close to the sp$^3$-hybridized carbon has been postulated. According to a QCSID(T) calculation, the alkiyne is destabilized relative to 1,3-pentadiyne by 25 kcal · mol$^{−1}$.
Although microwave spectroscopy revealed besides a dipole moment of 0.516 D no significant distortions compared to an ideal tetrahedron, three different ionization energies are reported for the π-system.

## Usage

1,4-pentadiyne is a common starting material for the synthesis of heterobenzenes such as stiba-, arsa- and phosphabenzene and their substituted derivates.
# Barbudos

Barbudos are bearded revolutionaries. The term was coined to describe the rebel forces of the Cuban Revolution. "Bearded men went in and out of Cienfuegos's office, rifles tossed backwards and forwards. Guevara in La Cabaña, a formidable presence, allowed Cienfuegos the headlines and maintained a discreet silence while ordering a prescription. Cienfuegos symbolized the rebel warrior who, Havana found to its surprise, behaved impeccably. The barbudos, as they became known, did not drink, did not loot, conducted themselves as if they were saints. No army had ever behaved like this in Havana."
# Stathmopoda pedella

Stathmopoda pedella is a species of moth of the family Stathmopodidae. It is found in Europe.
The wingspan is 10–14 mm. The moth flies in July depending on the location.
The larvae feed on the seeds of ripening fruits of the alder.
# Steeplejack (Marvel Comics)

Steeplejack is the name of three fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

## Publication history

The first Steeplejack, Jake Mallard, appeared in Luke Cage, Power Man #18 (April 1974), and was created by Len Wein and George Tuska.
Maxwell Plumm first appeared in Luke Cage, Power Man #18 (April 1974), and was created by Len Wein and George Tuska. He first appeared as the second Steeplejack in Ms. Marvel #14 (February 1978), by Chris Claremont and Carmine Infantino. The character subsequently appears in Captain America #319 (July 1986), in which he was killed by the Scourge of the Underworld.

## Fictional character biography
### Jake Mallard

Jack Mallard was the first criminal to go by the name Steeplejack. He was a construction worker, and he and his two brothers were employed by contractor Maxwell Plumm. As Plumm unethically cut corners and safety and materials, Mallard's two brothers fell to their deaths when a girder slipped its cable in a sudden wind. He blamed Plumm and vowed vengeance, becoming the first Steeplejack. He attacked Plumm and was about to hurl him to his death from a construction site, when Power Man intervened. Steeplejack fought Cage, and then hurled Plumm from the building, and fled. Cage saved Plumm, who swiftly agreed to hire Cage for protection.
That night, Steeplejack returned to the construction site to sabotage it, and Power Man emerged from hiding to battle Steeplejack. During the fight, Steeplejack fell on one of the girders he had weakened, and it gave with the impact. Mallard plunged several stories towards the street, and the impact caused his fuel tanks to explode, apparently killing him.

### Maxwell Plumm

Maxwell Plumm took the designs and outfit of the first Steeplejack. He fought Ms. Marvel and lost. He attended the final bash at the "Bar With No Name," and was shot to death by the Scourge of the Underworld.

### Unnamed criminal

Roderick Kingsley later sold the Steeplejack gear to an unknown criminal. Steeplejack, Ringer, and Tumbler are shown to be in the services of Roderick Kinglsley. They were later ambushed by the Goblin King's servants Menace and Monster (the "Goblin" form of Carlie Cooper). Steeplejack is killed by Goblin Knight.

## Equipment

Steeplejack's body suit offers protection from physical attacks. His multipurpose acetylene gun could fire force blasts, energy blasts, a wire slipknot, and heat and light.
# Steeplechase roller coaster

A Steeplechase roller coaster is a type of roller coaster that has several side-by-side tracks in a dueling "racing" arrangement. Riders straddle horse-shaped single cars and launch simultaneously, as from a horse-race starting line.

## Examples

The Steeplechase at Blackpool Pleasure Beach is the last remaining example of a steeplechase roller coaster still in operation.
Motorcycle Chase was a modernized steeplechase roller coaster built at Knott's Berry Farm in 1976 featuring single motorbike-themed vehicles racing side by side, each on one of four parallel tracks, launched together. One or two riders straddled each "Indian motorcycle" attraction vehicle. The tubular steel monorail track closely followed dips and bumps in the “road" and tilted to lean riders about the curves. Gasoline Alley, an electric steel-guide rail car ride below, was built together and intimately intertwined, which enhanced ride-to-ride interaction thrill value. Rider safety concerns of the high center of gravity coupled with the method of rider restraints caused it to be re-themed to Wacky Soap Box Racers with vehicles now attached in four-car trains, each car seating two riders, strapped in low (nearly straddling the track), surrounded by the close fitting car sides, and the dips and bumps of the track were straightened flat in 1980. Motorcycle Chase/Wacky Soap Box Racers was removed in 1996 for a dueling loop coaster Windjammer Surf Racers and now a launched coaster named Xcelerator takes its place.
The former Steeplechase Park at Coney Island, New York City, was named for its thrilling Steeplechase attraction, and is perhaps the most famous of this type of coaster.
In 2017, S&S - Sansei Technologies announced that they would be reviving the Steeplechase coasters with redesigned trains and restraints.
# Barrier Island (Antarctica)

Barrier Island (68°26′S 78°23′E﻿ / ﻿68.433°S 78.383°E﻿ / -68.433; 78.383) is an island, 0.5 nautical miles (0.9 km) long, at the north end of the Vestfold Hills, lying just north of the entrance to Tryne Fjord in Tryne Sound. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37. Visited in 1957 by an ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) party and so named because the island appeared to form a barrier to the passage of icebergs up Tryne Fjord.