OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# French destroyer Massue

Massue was one of 13 Claymore-class destroyers built for the French Navy in the first decade of the 20th century.

## Construction and career

When the First World War began in August 1914, Massue was assigned to the 4th Destroyer Flotilla (4$^e$ escadrille de torpilleurs) of the 1st Naval Army (1$^{ère}$ Armée Navale). During the preliminary stages of the Battle of Antivari on 16 August, the 1st, 4th and 5th Destroyer Flotillas were tasked to escort the core of the 1st Naval Army while the 2nd, 3rd and 6th Flotillas escorted the armored cruisers of the 2nd Light Squadron (2$^e$ escadre légère) and two British cruisers. After reuniting both groups and spotting the Austro-Hungarian protected cruiser SMS Zenta and the destroyer SMS Ulan, the French destroyers played no role in sinking the cruiser, although the 4th Flotilla was sent on an unsuccessful pursuit of Ulan. Having broken the Austro-Hungarian blockade of Antivari (now known as Bar), Vice-Admiral (Vice-amiral) Augustin Boué de Lapeyrère, commander of the 1st Naval Army, decided to ferry troops and supplies to the port, escorted by the 2nd Light Squadron and the 1st and 6th Destroyer Flotillas while the rest of the 1st Naval Army bombarded the Austro-Hungarian naval base at Cattaro, Montenegro, on 1 September. Four days later, the fleet covered the evacuation of Danilo, Crown Prince of Montenegro to the Greek island of Corfu. The flotilla escorted multiple small convoys loaded with supplies and equipment to Antivari, beginning in October and lasting for the rest of the year, always covered by the larger ships of the Naval Army in futile attempts to lure the Austro-Hungarian fleet into battle.
# Friedrich Engel-Janosi

Friedrich Engel-Jánosi (18 February 1893 – 7 March 1978) was an Austrian historian. Born Friedrich Engel von Jánosi, he wrote under the name Engel-Janosi. A leading expert on the relationship between the Holy See and the Habsburg monarchy, he also wrote on Italian history, on the history of historiography, and on more general topics.

## Biography

Born to an ennobled Austrian Jewish family of industrialists, von Jánosi fought in the Austro-Hungarian Army during the First World War, winning the Silver Medal for Bravery. After completing doctorates in jurisprudence and in philosophy, he took up a position with the Lombard and Escompte Bank, working there until the bank collapsed in 1924. During this period, he published his first historical works, which were received favourably. He completed his habilitation and received his venia docendi from the University of Vienna in 1929, where he was given the title of "Außerordentlicher Professor" in 1935. During the 1920s, he was a member of The Geistkreis.
After an academic exchange in Rome in 1937 and 1938, during which he became a Roman Catholic, His venia docendi was rescinded in 1938 for racial reasons, and he fled to Switzerland in 1939 in the aftermath of the Anschluss. After stays in France and the United Kingdom, where he was briefly a lecturer at the University of Cambridge, he went to the United States, working at Johns Hopkins University, then the Catholic University of America, becoming a full professor at the latter.
Returning to Austria in 1949, he declined the offer of the chair for contemporary history at the University of Vienna. Owing to his age, he was made an honorary professor, but accorded all the rights of a full professor. In 1965, he served as the president of the International Committee of Historical Sciences.
Engel-Jánosi was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1955 and was elected a corresponding fellow of the British Academy. He was a recipient of the Austrian Decoration for Science and Art, First Class and of the Medal of Honor of the Federal Capital Vienna in gold.

## Works

* “Reflections of Lord Action on Historical Principles.” The Catholic Historical Review 27, no. 2 (1941): 166–85. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25014017.
* “Politics and History in the Age of the Enlightenment.” The Journal of Politics 5, no. 4 (1943): 363–90. https://doi.org/10.2307/2125294.
* “Two Austrian Ambassadors Discuss the Successor of Pius IX.” The Catholic Historical Review 30, no. 1 (1944): 1–27. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25014369.
* “The Return of Pius IX in 1850.” The Catholic Historical Review 36, no. 2 (1950): 129–62. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25015155.
* “French and Austrian Political Advice to Pius IX, 1846-1848.” The Catholic Historical Review 38, no. 1 (1952): 1–20. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25015382.
* “Austria and the Conclave of 1878.” The Catholic Historical Review 39, no. 2 (1953): 142–66. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25015571.
* “The Roman Question in the First Years of Benedict XV.” The Catholic Historical Review 40, no. 3 (1954): 269–85. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25015747.
# Friedrich Engel (SS officer)

Friedrich Wilhelm Konrad Siegfried Engel (January 3, 1909 – February 4, 2006) was a German SS officer who was convicted in absentia of 246 murder charges by an Italian military court in 1999 for his role in the 1944 execution of Italian captives in retaliation for a partisan attack against German soldiers, which as a result earned him the nickname "Butcher of Genoa".
Subsequently brought before a German court in Hamburg in 2002, Engel was tried and likewise convicted on 59 counts of murder, being sentenced to seven years in prison, although because of his advanced age, he was given a stay of that ruling and was able to leave the court effectively a free man.
In 2004, Germany's highest court, the Bundesgerichtshof, overturned the previous ruling on the grounds that, despite acknowledging that Engel ordered the executions, the case of criminal murder had not been proven. The court would not permit a new trial to establish murder charges given the age and health state of the then 95-year-old Engel.
Prior to this, he had been investigated by German authorities in 1969, but no charges were laid and the case ended in 1970.

## Literature

* Münch I.: Geschichte vor Gericht. Der Fall Engel. Ellert & Richter Verlag, Hamburg 2004, ISBN 3-8319-0144-9. 175 S.
** Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, 20.08.2004.
* Il processo Engel : un percorso lungo i confini tra ricostruzione giudiziale e memoria storica / Associazione Memoria della Benedicta. Pier Paolo Rivello. Recco (Ge) : Mani, 2005. 191 p. ISBN 978-88-8012-327-9.
* Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich. Wer war was vor und nach 1945. 2. Auflage. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, S. 136. ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8.
* Case Nr.920: Eng., Friedrich Wilhelm Konrad Siegfried // Justiz und NS-Verbrechen, Vol. XLIX.
# Chalinga River

31°46′41″S 70°59′11″W﻿ / ﻿31.7781°S 70.9864°W﻿ / -31.7781; -70.9864
The Chalinga River is a river of Chile.
# Chalinochromis

Chalinochromis is a small cichlid genus from the subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae. These ray-finned fishes are endemic to Lake Tanganyika in the East African Rift. The scientific name refers to the bridle-like markings across the heads of members of this genus. They have specialized jaws enabling them to feed on sponges.
This genus has a puzzling relationship with the extremely similar species placed in Julidochromis. In their mtDNA NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 sequence, Chalinochromis are closer to J. dickfeldi, J. ornatus and J. transcriptus – in particular the latter two – than to any other living fish, while J. marlieri and J. regani are closer to Telmatochromis. Julidochromis thus might need to be split in two, with Chalinochromis included in one lineage. Alternatively, there has twice been successful intergeneric hybridization between particular lineages of Julidochromis males and Chalinochromis females (males generally do not pass on mtDNA to their offspring). Yet another possibility is that Julidochromis is monophyletic and includes Chalinochromis; in this scenario males of the common ancestor of J. marlieri and J. regani would have hybridized with females of the common ancestor of Telmatochromis.
Chalinochromis are popular aquarium fishes, and require similar care to Julidochromis. Like most lamprologine species, Chalinochromis are secretive during spawning, often choosing a small cave or crevice to spawn inside. In the aquarium the species often spawns under flat pieces of slate.

## Species

The three formally described species in this genus are as follows:
* Chalinochromis brichardi Poll, 1974
* Chalinochromis cyanophleps S. O. Kullander, Mi. Karlsson, Ma. Karlsson & Norén, 2014
* Chalinochromis popelini Brichard, 1989
The two undescribed species in this genus are as follows:
* Chalinochromis sp. "bifrenatus"
* Chalinochromis sp. "ndobhoi"
# Chain (The Family Stand album)

Chain is an album by the American band the Family Stand, released in the United States in 1990. The first single, "Ghetto Heaven", was a hit in dance clubs; "Chain" was also released as a single. The band supported the album with a North American tour. Chain peaked at No. 52 on the UK Albums Chart.

## Production

The Family Stand hoped to craft a nonmainstream album that would still be played on Black radio; according to the band, Atlantic Records delayed Chain due to doubts about radio success. Their chief influence was Sly and the Family Stone. Sandra St. Victor sang lead on "In Summer I Fall". "Little White, Little Black Lies" examines racism in Christianity. The rap in "Twisted" implores the Jackson family to avoid additional plastic surgery; the track includes a snippet of a Malcolm X speech. The title track urges listeners to avert the bad habits of their parents. "Ovasaxed" is a saxophone-led instrumental.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Kansas City Star | |
| The Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
The Toronto Star called the album "a virtually seamless blend of vintage soul, hip-hop, modern rhythm 'n' blues and rock, decorated around the edges with jazzy frills." USA Today deemed it "in-depth music that moves the mind as well as the butt." The Los Angeles Times opined that St. Victor "displays a dynamic and impressive range." The Star Tribune concluded that "the quirky 'Twisted' is the gem here... It's a 1990 answer to Prince's socially conscious 'Sign o' the Times'." The Chicago Tribune considered Chain to be "one of the great lost albums of 1990."
AllMusic determined that "the title track ... is melodic in a muddy way, the muffled sound gives the shuffling rhythm an eerie effect."
# Frellstedt

Frellstedt is a municipality in the district of Helmstedt, in Lower Saxony, Germany.
# Friedrich Ludwig Meissner

Friedrich Ludwig Meissner (25 August 1796, in Leipzig – 4 December 1860) was a German obstetrician, gynecologist and pediatrician.
He studied medicine in Leipzig, earning his PhD in 1819. From 1821, he taught classes at the University of Leipzig, becoming a professor of obstetrics and gynecology in 1831. In 1838, he founded an obstetrics clinic.
In 1856, he provided possibly the first account of long QT syndrome (LQTS), of which he described a case where a deaf girl collapsed and died while being publicly scolded at school.

## Selected writings

* Die Dislocationen der Gebärmutter und der Mutterscheide 1821-22 – Displacements of the uterus and the vagina.
* Forschungen des neunzehnten jahrhunderts im gebiete der Geburtshülfe, Frauenzimmer- und Kinderkrankheiten, 1826-33 – Research of the 19th century in the areas of obstetrics, women's and children's diseases.
* Die Kinderkrankheiten nach den neuesten Ansichten und Erfahrungen zum Untersicht für practische Arzte, 1832.
* Die Frauenzimmerkrankheiten nach den neuesten Ansichten und Erfahrungen zum Unterricht für praktische Aerzte, 1842-46 – Women's diseases according to the latest views and experiences on education for practicing physicians.
* Grundlage der Literatur der Pädiatrik, 1850.
Meissner was an active member of the Freemasons; in 1842 he started the German Masonic magazine Latomia.
# Frenchtown, Darke County, Ohio

Frenchtown is an unincorporated community in Wayne Township, Darke County, Ohio, United States. The community lies at the intersection of State Route 185 with Burns and Mangen Roads, approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) northwest of the village of Versailles.

## History

The community was settled in the early nineteenth century primarily by people of French descent, including many Alsatians and Lorrainers. These settlers long retained their French roots: into the late nineteenth century, the community was heavily Roman Catholic, and their public inscriptions were made in the French language. Although stores and a school were founded in Frenchtown soon after settlement, no post office was ever established there; residents' mail went to the Versailles post office. Since the nineteenth century, the community has shrunk considerably; little now remains of Frenchtown except houses and a church complex. This church, Holy Family Catholic Church, is a community landmark: built in the 1860s, it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
# Frenchtown, El Dorado County, California

38°38′29″N 120°54′41″W﻿ / ﻿38.64139°N 120.91139°W﻿ / 38.64139; -120.91139
Frenchtown (formerly, French Creek) is an unincorporated community in El Dorado County, California. It is located on French Creek 2 miles (3.2 km) south-southeast of Shingle Springs, at an elevation of 1165 feet (355 m).
The place was originally a mining camp set up by French Canadian and French miners.
# Chanas, Isère

Chanas (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 597 | — |
| 1800 | 798 | +4.23% |
| 1806 | 807 | +0.19% |
| 1821 | 974 | +1.26% |
| 1831 | 1,099 | +1.21% |
| 1836 | 1,095 | −0.07% |
| 1841 | 1,172 | +1.37% |
| 1846 | 1,250 | +1.30% |
| 1851 | 1,340 | +1.40% |
| 1856 | 1,347 | +0.10% |
| 1861 | 1,233 | −1.75% |
| 1866 | 1,150 | −1.38% |
| 1872 | 1,113 | −0.54% |
| 1876 | 1,186 | +1.60% |
| 1881 | 1,150 | −0.61% |
| 1886 | 1,216 | +1.12% |
| 1891 | 1,240 | +0.39% |
| 1896 | 1,182 | −0.95% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1901 | 1,187 | +0.08% |
| 1906 | 1,210 | +0.38% |
| 1911 | 1,104 | −1.82% |
| 1921 | 1,074 | −0.28% |
| 1926 | 1,108 | +0.63% |
| 1931 | 1,155 | +0.83% |
| 1936 | 1,174 | +0.33% |
| 1946 | 1,274 | +0.82% |
| 1954 | 1,351 | +0.74% |
| 1962 | 1,289 | −0.59% |
| 1968 | 1,373 | +1.06% |
| 1975 | 1,449 | +0.77% |
| 1982 | 1,482 | +0.32% |
| 1990 | 1,725 | +1.92% |
| 1999 | 1,929 | +1.25% |
| 2007 | 2,302 | +2.23% |
| 2012 | 2,377 | +0.64% |
| 2017 | 2,589 | +1.72% |
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :
# Cham Qalʽeh

Cham Qalʽeh is a village in Baghlan Province in north eastern Afghanistan.
# Freshwater (film)

Freshwater is a 2016 American thriller film written and directed by Brandeis Berry, starring Zoë Bell, Joe Lando, Amy Paffrath, and Alison Haislip. Dread Central likened the film's premise to the 2011 horror film Shark Night.

## Plot

Set in Louisiana, the film centers around a group of young adults that are faced with a scary reality as they realize they are being hunted around their lake house by a giant alligator while a local reptile consultant teams up with the local law enforcement to find out what might be happening.

## Cast

* Zoë Bell as Brenda Gray
* Joe Lando as Sheriff Jones
* Amy Paffrath as Kim Whitley
* Alison Haislip as Claudia Mosley
* Tom O'Connell as Agent Sam Colton
* John Bobek as Matt Hanton
* Christopher Biewer as Deputy Clyde
* Derrick Redford as Jason Hightower
* Donnabella Mortel as Jamie Castell
* Michael St. Michaels as Bob
* Faisal Al-Saja as Travis Beecher
* Marti Hale as Mary
* John V. Ward as John Castleberry
* Kevin Wayne as Trooper Ford
* Brian Waters as Agent Ray

## Release

The film was released on DVD in the US on February 14, 2017. It was released in the UK on DVD on June 6, 2016.

## Novelization

A novelization of the film was released in July 2021 by novelist Julian Michael Carver. In 2022, the novelization was nominated for the Scribe Award by the International Association of Media Tie-In Writers for "Best Adapted Novel", alongside the novelizations of Alien 3 and Halloween Kills.
# Friedrich Preller the Elder

Friedrich Preller the Elder (25 April 1804 in Eisenach – 23 April 1878 in Weimar) was a German landscape painter and etcher. From 1832 he was a professor at the Fürstlichen freien Zeichenschule in Weimar. He was the father of the artist Friedrich Preller the Younger.

## Life

He was born at Eisenach. After studying drawing at Weimar, he went in 1821, on Goethe's advice, to Dresden, where in 1824 he was invited to accompany the grand duke of Weimar to Belgium. He became a pupil in the academy at Antwerp. From 1827 to 1831 he studied in Italy, and in 1831 received an appointment in the Weimar school of art.
In 1834–1836 he executed in tempera six pictures on subjects taken from the Odyssey in the Roman House at Leipzig, in 1836–1837 the landscapes with scenes from Oberon in the Wieland room in the grand-ducal Schloss at Weimar, and in 1836–1848 six frescoes on Thuringian subjects commissioned by the grand duchess.
In 1840 he visited Norway and produced a number of easel works, some of which are preserved at Weimar. In 1859 he revisited Italy, and on his return in 1861 he completed for the grand-ducal museum the frescoes illustrative of the Odyssey, which are held to constitute his chief claim to fame. He returned to Weimar, where he died.
The "Preller family of painters" includes his son Friedrich Preller the Younger (1838-1901), his nephew Julius Preller (1834-1901) and Louis Preller (1822-1901), a distant relative of Friedrich Preller the Elder.
# Friedrich Pützer

Friedrich Pützer (25 July 1871 – 31 January 1922) was a German architect and urban planner.
Pützer was born in Aachen. He was known mainly as a Protestant church architect, making numerous constructions or renovations of churches in the Rhine-Main area, particularly in Darmstadt. In 1910 he designed Lutherkirche in Wiesbaden. In 1912 he designed Darmstadt Hauptbahnhof. He died in Frankfurt.

## Life

The son of Joseph Pützer (1831–1913), prinical in Aachen and Elisabeth Zander studied at the University of Technology in Aachen. In 1897 he move to Darmstadt and assisted Karl Hofmann, Erwin Marx and Georg Wickop at the Technical University of Darmstadt.
# Cerium uranium blue

Cerium uranium blue is the name given to solid solutions of cerium(IV) oxide, CeO$_2$, and uranium(IV) oxide, UO$_2$, of variable composition from 0 to 100% uranium.

## Synthesis and properties

Cerium uranium blue was first obtained by heating together cerium sulfate and uranyl sulfate with an excess of magnesium chloride at high temperature. The composition of the product was somewhat variable, approximating to 2CeO$_2$.UO$_2$. A similar product was obtained when ammonia was added to a solution containing uranyl nitrate and cerium(III) nitrate; the precipitate, initially yellow in colour, turned blue after a while. It is more conveniently made by heating together cerium(IV) oxide, CeO$_2$, and uranium(IV)oxide, UO$_2$, at 1000 °C for several days.
Both CeO$_2$ and UO$_2$ crystallize with the fluorite crystal structure. The lattice constants are very similar, 5.41 Å and 5.47 Å, respectively. Solid solutions can be made with uranium content from 0 to 100%. The lattice constant changes smoothly between the values for the two components as the composition changes. A similar series of solid solutions are formed between cerium(IV) oxide and thorium oxide.
The blue colour is due to an intense charge transfer transition when an electron is transferred from an orbital localized on uranium(IV), a mild reducing agent, to an orbital localized on cerium(IV), a strong oxidizing agent. Complete transfer would result in the production of uranium(VI) and cerium(III), the reverse of the reaction observed with the precipitate from aqueous solution.
# Chang Pei-wei

Chang Pei-Wei (born March 10, 1979) is a Taiwanese pool and card player. Chang was the runner up at the 2004 WPA World Nine-ball Championship and won the gold medal at the World Games 2005.

## Career

In 2004, Chang reached the 13th place in the BCA Open 9-Ball Championship. Later, in the 2004 WPA World Nine-ball Championship, Chang won 7 games, but lost in the final against the Canadian Alex Pagulayan 13–17.
In 2005, he lost in the 2005 WPA World Nine-ball Championship in the round of the last 64, but won by a final victory against the German Thorsten Hohmann the gold medal at the 2005 World Games. In the World Pool League 2006, he finished fifth. At the 9-Ball World Championships in 2006 and 2007 he retired in the preliminary round. At the Japan Open in 2007 he reached the fifth place.
In the 10-Ball World Championships 2008 and 2009, he lost both each with a win in the preliminary round. At the China Open 2009, he finished 17th. At the 2008 WPA World Eight-ball Championship, he lost in the semifinals against the Frenchman Stephan Cohen. At the China Open 2013, he reached the 9th place.
# Chapel Brampton

Chapel Brampton is a village and former civil parish now in the parish of Church with Chapel Brampton, in the West Northamptonshire district, in the ceremonial county of Northamptonshire, England. Together with nearby Church Brampton, it is known as The Bramptons. At the time of the 2001 census, Chapel Brampton parish's population was 470 people. On 1 April 2009 the parish was abolished and merged with Church Brampton to form "Church with Chapel Brampton".

## Village

The villages name means 'Broom farm/settlement'.
The village is notable for its distinctive Spencer Estate cottages. These Victorian sandstone cottages are of a similar design to cottages found in the nearby villages of Church Brampton, Harlestone and The Bringtons.
Chapel Brampton has three pubs — the Spencer Arms is a former coaching inn whilst the Brampton Halt was part of the railway station. A new build on the site of the former Boughton cold store is named The Windhover after an old name for the kestrel. This site is actually within the parish of Boughton. The village has two conference centres: Sedgebrook Hall and Brampton Grange. Sedgebrook Grange was designed by architect John Brown and built in 1930 as a wedding gift for a member of the Houison Craufurd family from Craufurdland Castle in Ayrshire.
The (Red) Earl Spencer broke the neck of his favourite horse, Merry Tom, whilst out fox hunting and trying to jump the narrow River Nene. The Earl paid for a monument to be erected at the Brixworth end of what is now known as Merry Tom Lane, engraved 'Here Lies the body of Merry Tom'. A local wag scratched on it: "ridden to death by careless John". Merry Tom Lane was also the site of a level crossing. When the railway is rebuilt a small halt will be built there.

### Preserved railway

The nearby railway line is now part of the preserved Northampton & Lamport Railway which has its headquarters at Pitsford and Brampton railway station.
# Friday Night Live

Friday Night Live may refer to:
* Friday Night Live (Big Brother Australia), a television series aired on Network Ten as a part of Big Brother Australia
* Friday Night Live (UK TV show), successor to Saturday Live
* Friday Live, originally titled Friday Night Live, a news commentary program which aired on Sky News Australia