OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of rivers of West Sumatra

List of rivers flowing in the province of West Sumatra, Indonesia:

## In alphabetical order

* Batang Hari
* Kampar
** Kampar Kanan
* Ombilin/Indragiri
** Sinamar
# Myrmecia harderi

Myrmecia harderi is an Australian bull ant species which is part of the genus Myrmecia. They are native to Australia. They are mainly distributed in New South Wales, and some parts of Victoria, South Australia, and Queensland.
The average length of Myrmecia harderi is 14.5 millimetres. The head, thorax and gaster are black, mandibles are yellow, antennae and tarsi are a reddish-yellow, and legs are brown.
# Clinkard

Clinkard is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Archibald Clinkard (died 1696), member of the Parliament of England
* Cecil Clinkard (1862–1941), member of the Parliament of New Zealand
* George William Clinkard (1893–1970), New Zealand public servant and trade commissioner
# Mary Lokko

Mary Lokko was a Ghanaian activist.
Lokko was active in the affairs of the West African Youth League in the 1930s, first becoming involved in discussions surrounding the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, which was then raging. Her beliefs drew attention from local journalists, and in January 1936 I. T. A. Wallace-Johnson suggested that she become his assistant; as a result, she was perhaps the first woman in West Africa to hold an official position in a political organization. She used her platform to support women's involvement in the Youth League. Little is known about her background or her later life.
# Arun Kumar Saxena

Arun Kumar is an Indian physician, politician and a member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly. He represents the Bareilly constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party political party.

## Early life and education

Arun Kumar was born in Bareilly district to Girish Chandra, a physician. He attended the King George's Medical University and attained M.B.B.S. degree. He is physician by profession.

## Political career

Kumar has been a MLA for two terms. He represented the Bareilly constituency and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party political party.

## Positions held

| # | From | To | Position |
| 01 | 2012 | 2017 | Member, 16th Legislative Assembly |
| 02 | 2017 | 2022 | Member, 17th Legislative Assembly |
| 03 | 2022 | - | Member, 18th Legislative Assembly |
# Nalin Bhatt

Nalin Bhatt was a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party from Gujarat. He was a member of Gujarat Legislative Assembly and served as minister in Keshubhai Patel ministry.
# C.o.s.m.o.s

"c.o.s.m.o.s" is Japanese voice actress and singer Maaya Uchida's 6th single, released on October 25, 2017.

## Charts

| Chart (2017) | Peak position |
| Oricon Weekly Singles Chart | 6 |
| Billboard JAPAN Hot 100 | 15 |
| Billboard JAPAN Hot Animation | 5 |
| Billboard JAPAN Top Singles Sales | 7 |

## Album

| Song | Album | Release date | Note |
| c.o.s.m.o.s | 『Magic Hour』 | April 25, 2018 | 2nd Album |
| Symbolic View | 『Magic Hour』 | April 25, 2018 | 2nd Album |
# NEEC

NEEC may refer to:
* National Express East Coast
* North of England Education Conference
# Fessenden (surname)

Fessenden is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Anna Parker Fessenden (1896–1972), American botanist, math educator
* Beverly Fessenden (1926-2008), known as the actress Beverly Garland
* Francis Fessenden (1839–1907), American Civil War major general, lawyer and politician, son of William P. Fessenden
* James Deering Fessenden (1833–1882), American Civil War brigadier general, son of William P. Fessenden
* John Milton Fessenden (1804–1883), West Point graduate (Class of 1824), topography engineer and railroad engineer.
* Larry Fessenden (born 1963), American film director
* Laura Dayton Fessenden (1852-1924), American author
* Nicholas Fessenden (1847–1927), Secretary of State for Maine (father of Stirling Fessenden)
* Reginald Fessenden (1866–1932), Canadian radio pioneer
* Samuel Fessenden (1784–1869), American abolitionist; father of Samuel Clement Fessenden, T. A. D. Fessenden, and William P. Fessenden
* Samuel Fessenden (lawyer) (1847–1908), lawyer and politician
* Samuel C. Fessenden (1815–1882), judge and U.S. Representative from Maine (1861–63)
* Stirling Fessenden (1875–1944), American lawyer, chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Council (1923–29)
* Susan Fessenden (1840–1932), American activist, reformer
* T. A. D. Fessenden (1826–1868), attorney, and briefly U.S. Representative from Maine
* Thomas Green Fessenden (1771–1837), American author and editor
* William P. Fessenden (1806–1869), U.S. senator and Lincoln's Treasury Secretary
# UOU

UOU may refer to:
* Underwater Operations Unit, Naval Special Operations Command
* University of Ulsan, South Korea
* University of Utah, U.S.
* Uttarakhand Open University, India
# Coblentz Peak

Coblentz Peak is a peak rising at the north side of the head of Holtedahl Bay, in Chiren Heights, Velingrad Peninsula, on the west coast of Graham Land in Antarctica. It was photographed by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd in 1956–57 and was mapped from these photos by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959 for William W. Coblentz of the U.S. National Bureau of Standards, whose work on the transmissive properties of tinted glass has contributed to the design of satisfactory snow goggles.
# Martingale central limit theorem

In probability theory, the central limit theorem says that, under certain conditions, the sum of many independent identically-distributed random variables, when scaled appropriately, converges in distribution to a standard normal distribution. The martingale central limit theorem generalizes this result for random variables to martingales, which are stochastic processes where the change in the value of the process from time t to time t + 1 has expectation zero, even conditioned on previous outcomes.

## Statement

Here is a simple version of the martingale central limit theorem: Let $X_{1},X_{2},\dots \,$ be a martingale with bounded increments; that is, suppose
    $\operatorname {E} [X_{t+1}-X_{t}\vert X_{1},\dots ,X_{t}]=0\,,$
and
    $|X_{t+1}-X_{t}|\leq k$
almost surely for some fixed bound k and all t. Also assume that $|X_{1}|\leq k$ almost surely.
Define
    $\sigma _{t}^{2}=\operatorname {E} [(X_{t+1}-X_{t})^{2}|X_{1},\ldots ,X_{t}],$
and let
    $\tau _{\nu }=\min \left\{t:\sum _{i=1}^{t}\sigma _{i}^{2}\geq \nu \right\}.$
Then
    ${\frac {X_{\tau _{\nu }}}{\sqrt {\nu }}}$
converges in distribution to the normal distribution with mean 0 and variance 1 as $\nu \to +\infty \!$. More explicitly,
    $\lim _{\nu \to +\infty }\operatorname {P} \left({\frac {X_{\tau _{\nu }}}{\sqrt {\nu }}}<x\right)=\Phi (x)={\frac {1}{\sqrt {2\pi }}}\int _{-\infty }^{x}\exp \left(-{\frac {u^{2}}{2}}\right)\,du,\quad x\in \mathbb {R} .$

## The sum of variances must diverge to infinity

The statement of the above result implicitly assumes the variances sum to infinity, so the following holds with probability 1:
    $\sum _{t=1}^{\infty }\sigma _{t}^{2}=\infty$
This ensures that with probability 1:
    $\tau _{v}<\infty ,\forall v\geq 0$
This condition is violated, for example, by a martingale that is defined to be zero almost surely for all time.

## Intuition on the result

The result can be intuitively understood by writing the ratio as a summation:
    ${\frac {X_{\tau _{v}}}{\sqrt {v}}}={\frac {X_{1}}{\sqrt {v}}}+{\frac {1}{\sqrt {v}}}\sum _{i=1}^{\tau _{v}-1}(X_{i+1}-X_{i}),\forall \tau _{v}\geq 1$
The first term on the right-hand-side asymptotically converges to zero, while the second term is qualitatively similar to the summation formula for the central limit theorem in the simpler case of i.i.d. random variables. While the terms in the above expression are not necessarily i.i.d., they are uncorrelated and have zero mean. Indeed:
    $E[(X_{i+1}-X_{i})]=0,\forall i\in \{1,2,3,...\}$
    $E[(X_{i+1}-X_{i})(X_{j+1}-X_{j})]=0,\forall i\neq j,i,j\in \{1,2,3,...\}$
# Arun Kumar Kar

Arun Kumar Kar (c. 1939 – 16 February 2020) was an Indian academic and politician from Tripura belonging to Indian National Congress. He was a legislator of the Tripura Legislative Assembly. He also served as a minister of the Government of Tripura.

## Biography

Kar joined Shri Nath Bidyaniketan in 1962. He was appointed the headmaster of the institution in 1981. He retired from there in 1998.
Kar contested from Khowai in 1977 but did not win. He was elected as a member of the Tripura Legislative Assembly from that constituency in 1988. Later, he was appointed a minister of the Government of Tripura. He also contested from Khowai in 1998, 2003 and 2008 but did not win.
Kar died of cardiac arrest on 16 February 2020 at a private hospital in Kolkata at the age of 81.
# Uncial 0168

Uncial 0168 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. It was dated paleographically to the 8th-century. The codex contained the four Gospels, with some lacunae. It was a palimpsest. The codex is now lost, and further details are unavailable.
Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 8th century. The codex was housed at the Melissa Brothers in Veria.
The text-type of this codex is unknown. Kurt Aland did not place it in any Category.
# Falcidia gens

The gens Falcidia was a plebeian family at Rome. It is known chiefly from two individuals, Gaius Falcidius and Publius Falcidius, both of whom were influential in the development of Roman law during the first century BC.

## Members

* Gaius Falcidius, tribune of the plebs and legate in uncertain years. He was mentioned by Cicero in his speech in favour of the Lex Manilia, 66 BC.
* Publius Falcidius, tribune of the plebs in BC 40, was the author of the Lex Falcidia de Legatis, which remained in force in the sixth century AD, when it was incorporated by Justinian in the Institutiones. It enacted that at least a fourth of the estate or property of a testator should be secured to the heres scriptus. Cassius Dio mentions the law, but apparently misunderstood its purpose.
# Udhayveer Sidhu

Udhayveer Sidhu is an Indian sport shooter who competes in the 25 meter rapid fire pistol, 25 meter pistol, 25 meter standard pistol and 10 meter air pistol. He won a twenty plus international medals representing India. He is in the Indian Shooting Team since 2018. In 2018 ISSF Junior World Cup he won the 25m pistol bronze at the Junior World Cup in Suhl, Germany, and he and his twin brother Vijayveer Sidhu, along with Raj Kanwar Singh, claimed the Indian team's historic gold medal in the event with a world record score of 1747. He won two golds in 2018 ISSF World Shooting Championships. In 2019 he won two golds and a bronze in 2019 ISSF Junior World Cup and later at 2019 Asian Shooting Championships in 25 meter standard pistol he won a gold and a silver. In 2021 at 2021 ISSF Junior World Championships he won an individual gold. In 2022 at ISSF Junior World Cup held at Suhl, Germany he won the silver in 25 meter standard pistol open junior mixed team and later at 2022 ISSF World Shooting Championships he won two golds and a bronze.
# Fessenden oscillator

A Fessenden oscillator is an electro-acoustic transducer invented by Reginald Fessenden, with development starting in 1912 at the Submarine Signal Company of Boston. It was the first successful acoustical echo ranging device. Similar in operating principle to a dynamic voice coil loudspeaker, it was an early kind of transducer, capable of creating underwater sounds and of picking up their echoes.
The creation of this device was motivated by the RMS Titanic disaster of 1912, which highlighted the need to protect ships from collisions with icebergs, obstacles, and other ships. Because of its relatively low operating frequency, it has been replaced in modern transducers by piezoelectric devices.

## Oscillator

The oscillator in the name referred to the fact that the device vibrated and moved water in response to a driving AC current. It was not an electronic oscillator but a mechanical one in that it generated repetitive mechanical vibrations. Electronic oscillators did not yet exist when this device was created. Because the design of the device does not depend on a resonant response, it should not be considered a harmonic oscillator.

## Operation

The Fessenden oscillator somewhat resembled a modern dynamic microphone or dynamic loudspeaker in overall construction. A circular metal plate, clamped at its edge, in contact with the water on one side, was attached on the other side to a copper tube, which was free to move in the circular gap of a magnet system. The magnet system had a direct-current winding to provide a polarizing magnetic field in the gap, and an alternating current winding that induced currents in the copper tube. These induced currents produced a magnetic field that reacted against the polarizing field. The resulting force was communicated to the membrane and in turn provided acoustic vibrations into the water.
Unlike previous underwater sound sources such as underwater bells, the Fessenden oscillator was reversible; the AC winding could be connected to a head set and underwater sounds and echoes could be heard. Using this device Fessenden was able to detect icebergs at a distance of about 2 miles, and occasionally detected echoes from the sea floor.
The device could also be used as an underwater telegraph, sending Morse code through the water. The Fessenden underwater signalling apparatus, or more usually just "The Fessenden", was fitted to Royal Navy submarines in World War I. British K-series submarines were equipped with Fessenden oscillators starting in 1915. However, a submarine signalling the surface could be heard by any nearby (enemy) hydrophone, so the system had restricted utility during wartime patrols.

## Application

During the First World War the Fessenden oscillator was applied to detection of submarines, but its rather low operating frequency of around 1 kilohertz gave it a very broad beam, unsuitable for detecting and localising small targets. In peacetime, the oscillator was used for depth finding, where the lack of directionality was not a concern, and Fessenden designed a commercial fathometer using a carbon microphone as receiver, for the Submarine Signal Company.
# 1993 Eurocard Open

The 1993 Eurocard Open was a men's ATP tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Hanns-Martin-Schleyer-Halle in Stuttgart, Germany that was part of the Championship Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from 15 February until 21 February 1993. Sixth-seeded Michael Stich won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Michael Stich defeated Richard Krajicek, 4–6, 7–5, 7–6$^{(7–4)}$, 3–6, 7–5
* It was Stich's 1st singles title of the year and 8th of his career.

### Doubles

Mark Kratzmann / Wally Masur defeated Steve DeVries / David Macpherson, 6–3, 7–6
# Arciellia

Arciellia is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae, endemic to Hawaii. It is part of the Eurynogaster complex of genera. The genus is named in honor of Robert Cyril Layton Perkins, and incorporates the phonetic sounds of his initials "R.C.L.".

## Species

* Arciellia dolichostoma (Hardy & Kohn, 1964)
* Arciellia flaviventer (Hardy & Kohn, 1964)
* Arciellia xanthopleura (Hardy & Kohn, 1964)
# UCPH

UCPH may refer to:
* UCP2
* University of Copenhagen
# Cobordism hypothesis

In mathematics, the cobordism hypothesis, due to John C. Baez and James Dolan, concerns the classification of extended topological quantum field theories (TQFTs). In 2008, Jacob Lurie outlined a proof of the cobordism hypothesis, though the details of his approach have yet to appear in the literature as of 2022. In 2021, Daniel Grady and Dmitri Pavlov claimed a complete proof of the cobordism hypothesis, as well as a generalization to bordisms with arbitrary geometric structures.

## Formulation

For a symmetric monoidal $(\infty ,n)$-category ${\mathcal {C}}$ which is fully dualizable and every $k$-morphism of which is adjointable, for $1\leq k\leq n-1$, there is a bijection between the ${\mathcal {C}}$-valued symmetric monoidal functors of the cobordism category and the objects of ${\mathcal {C}}$.

## Motivation

Symmetric monoidal functors from the cobordism category correspond to topological quantum field theories. The cobordism hypothesis for topological quantum field theories is the analogue of the Eilenberg–Steenrod axioms for homology theories. The Eilenberg–Steenrod axioms state that a homology theory is uniquely determined by its value for the point, so analogously what the cobordism hypothesis states is that a topological quantum field theory is uniquely determined by its value for the point. In other words, the bijection between ${\mathcal {C}}$-valued symmetric monoidal functors and the objects of ${\mathcal {C}}$ is uniquely defined by its value for the point.
# Marty Herrmann

Martin John Herrmann (January 10, 1893 in Oldenburg, Indiana – September 11, 1956 in Cincinnati) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball. He pitched in one game for the Brooklyn Robins during the 1918 baseball season, working one scoreless inning on July 10.
His grandson, catcher Ed Herrmann, had a much longer professional career in the late 1960s and 1970s.
# Skeikampen

Skeikampen is a mountain located in Gausdal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,124-metre (3,688 ft) tall mountain is located about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) to the northwest of the village of Svingvoll. The area is heavily dependent on recreation which is dominated by the Skeikampen Alpine Centre plus hundreds of holiday cottages.

## Attractions

The Skeikampen Alpine Centre is located on the mountain and it offers both ski lifts and pistes. The first cross-country tourists arrived in 1895 and the first ski lift was built in 1959. The centre is now one of Norway's largest skiing facilities. The area also has an 18-hole golf course. Tourists travel to Lillehammer, the regional transportation hub, before taking local transportation to Skeikampen. Local buses offer several daily bus departures to Skeikampen.

## Etymology

The first element of the name is the Old Norse word skeið meaning "race course" suggesting that there may have been such a race track here in medieval times. The last element is the finite form of kamp which means "mountain".
# Uncial 0170

Uncial 0170 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 026 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 5th century (or 6th).

## Description

The codex contains a small parts of the Gospel of Matthew 6:5-6,8-10,13-15,17, on one parchment leaf (25 cm by 20 cm). The text is written in two columns per page, 27 lines per page, in uncial letters. The letters are upright and carefully finished.
The Greek text of this codex is mixed. Aland placed it in Category III.
In the Lord's Prayer it does not contain doxology: οτι σου εστιν η βασιλεια και η δυναμις και η δοξα εις τους αιωνας (Matthew 6:13) as in codices א B D Z f$^1$.
Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 5th or 6th century.
The text was edited by Grenfell and Hunt.
The codex currently is housed at the Princeton Theological Seminary (Speer Library, Pap. 11) in Princeton, New Jersey.
# C17H23NO2

The molecular formula C$_{17}$H$_{23}$NO$_2$ (molar mass: 273.37 g/mol) may refer to:
* Allylnorpethidine (WIN-7681)
* 5-DBFPV
* RTI-32
* Tilidine
* Tropanserin
# Nafiz

Nafiz is a male Turkish given name. People named Nafiz include:
* Faruk Nafiz Çamlıbel (1898–1973), Turkish poet, author and later politician
* Faruk Nafız Özak (born 1946), Public Works and Housing Minister of Turkey
# Fighting Fear

Fighting Fear is a 2011 Australian documentary film about professional surfing. In 2013, the film was honored by the Australian Film Institute with two Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts Awards, specifically for Best Cinematography in a Documentary and Best Direction in a Documentary. The film stars Richie Vaculik and Mark Matthews. It was filmed in and around Sydney, Australia, primarily in the South-Eastern Sydney suburbs.
# Arciferal

Arciferal denotes a morphology of the pectoral girdle of frogs. In arciferal girdles, the epicoracoid cartilages are fused anteriorly, but are separate and overlapping posteriorly. This is in contrast to the other predominant morphology, a firmisternal girdle. Arciferal morphology is generally considered primitive for anurans.
# UCLA Journal of Environmental Law and Policy

The UCLA Journal of Environmental Law and Policy is a student-run law review published at the University of California, Los Angeles, School of Law. The journal primarily publishes articles and comments discussing environmental law and policy and related subjects.

## Overview

The journal was established in 1980 with the goal of confronting "those environmental problems which are currently before the public, and to provide a variety of opinions and suggested solutions to the problems." Between 1980 and 1982, each issue of the journal would include a collection of articles focused on a single topic or theme. Beginning with the third volume in the fall of 1982, the journal began including articles on a range of different topics in each individual issue. The journal also collaborates with the Emmett Institute on Climate Change and the Environment to host environmental law symposia.

## Impact

In 2016, Washington and Lee University's Law Journal Rankings placed the journal among the top ten environmental, natural resources, and land use law journals with the highest impact factor. Articles in the journal have been cited by several state supreme courts as well as the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Articles also appear in treatises written by American Law Reports and American Jurisprudence.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted or indexed in EBSCO databases, HeinOnline, LexisNexis, Westlaw, and the University of Washington's Current Index to Legal Periodicals. Tables of contents are also available through Infotrieve and Ingenta, and the journal posts past issues on its website.
# Coboldia fuscipes

Coboldia fuscipes is a species of fly in the family Scatopsidae. It is found in the Palearctic .
# Temminck's striped mouse

Temminck's striped mouse or West African hybomys (Hybomys trivirgatus) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Ivory Coast, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Uncial 0164

Uncial 0164 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 022 (Soden), is a Greek-Coptic bilingual uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 6th century (or the 7th century).
The codex currently is housed at the Berlin State Museums (P. 9108) in Berlin.

## Description

The codex contains a small part of the Gospel of Matthew 13:20-21, on one small parchment leaf (8 cm by 13 cm). It is written in one column per page, 8 lines per page, in uncial letters. The leaf survived in a fragmentary condition.
Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 6th or 7th century.
It was described by J. Leopoldt in 1903 along with lectionary 143.

## Greek text

    [τα πετρωδη σπα]
    ρει [ουτος εστιν]
    ο τον λ[ο]γον ακ[ου]
    ων και ευθυς
    [με]τα χαρας λαμ
    [βαν]ων ουκ εχει
    [δε ρι]ζαν εν εαυ
    [τω αλλα] προς
The Greek text of this codex lacks word αυτον in 13:20. The text is to brief for classifying. Aland placed it in Category III (with hesitation).
# C17H24N2O

The molecular formula C$_{17}$H$_{24}$N$_2$O (molar mass: 272.38 g/mol) may refer to:
* Bucinnazine
* Pilsicainide
* Quinisocaine, also called dimethisoquin