OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Suicide Race

The Suicide Race, also promoted as the World Famous Suicide Race, is a horse race in the northwest United States in Omak, Washington. It is part of the Omak Stampede, an annual rodeo in early to mid-August.
First held in 1935, the race is known for the portion of the race where horses and riders run down Suicide Hill, a 62-percent slope that runs for 225 feet (70 m) to the Okanogan River, opposite Eastside Park. Though the race was inspired by Indian endurance races, the actual Omak race was the 1935 brainchild of a local Omak business owner. The race has provoked serious concerns among animal welfare and animals rights groups.

## Description

In east Omak and west of the U.S. 97 bridge, the course starts at the top of Suicide Hill on the north bank of the river. The riders have 50 feet (15 m) to get their horses up to full speed before charging down the steep hill and into the river; they cross to the south shore, then sprint a last 500 yards (460 m) to the rodeo arena where the crowd waits. In August, the river is often low enough for the horses to run across. Most riders wear helmets, and all are required to wear life jackets.
Horses and riders have to pass three tests to demonstrate their ability to run in the race and navigate the river: there is an initial veterinarian exam to make sure the horse is physically healthy, a swim test to ensure horses can cross the river, and the hill test where riders ride their horses off the hill at a controlled speed to prove that the animals won't give way to fear at the brink, which can cause a dangerous pile-up.
The riders consist of both cowboys and Indians. In particular, members of the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, whose reservation includes East Omak and the rodeo grounds, view the race as reminiscent of their traditions as horse warriors.
Many Tribal participants view the race as spiritual, and a cultural-preservation administrator for the tribes has stated that it is the "ultimate demonstration of the rider's ability to become one with the horse." Riders who embrace the spiritual elements of the race pray in sweat lodges and place sacred eagle feathers on their horses.

## History

The suicide race was created in 1935 by Claire Pentz, the publicity director of the Omak rodeo, in an effort to promote the rodeo. The race is rooted in nineteenth century Native American endurance races, which were held in on the Colville Indian Reservation in a valley near Keller, which was flooded after construction of the Grand Coulee Dam in the 1930s.

## Animal abuse controversy

The event is opposed by several animal rights groups, including the Progressive Animal Welfare Society (PAWS), In Defense of Animals, and The Humane Society, who are against the high level of danger posed to the horses. In the previous 25 years, for example, at least 23 horses have died, including three in 2004 and one in 2012.
# Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience

Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of neurosciences. The editors-in-chief are Mathias Bähr (University of Göttingen), Alain Chédotal (Sorbonne University), Henrik Zetterberg (University of Gothenburg), and Noam E. Ziv (Technion). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 4.626.
# Blythe River (Tasmania)

The Blythe River is a perennial river located in north-western region of Tasmania, Australia.

## Location and features

The river rises near Rabbit Plain on the slopes of Mount Tor and flows generally north into Emu Bay in Bass Strait, at Heybridge, near Burnie. The river descends 685 metres (2,247 ft) over its 61-kilometre (38 mi) course.
The local economy relies on mining and recreational fishing.
# Carl Andreas August Goos

Carl Andreas August Goos (6 August 1797, Schleswig – 12 July 1855, Schleswig) was a German-Danish painter working in history painting, genre painting and portrait painting.
# College Baseball Foundation

The College Baseball Foundation was formed in 2004 in Lubbock, Texas as a non-profit organization, with the dual aims of awarding the Brooks Wallace Award, and creating the National College Baseball Hall of Fame. The organization also annually presents several other college baseball awards including: the John Olerud Award, National Collegiate Umpire Award, Pitcher of the Year Award, and Skip Bertman Award.

## National College Baseball Hall of Fame

The National College Baseball Hall of Fame was created in 2004 by the College Baseball Foundation, and inducted its first class in 2006. The yet-to-be built facility will be named after President George H. W. Bush who captained the Yale Bulldogs baseball team, and as a left-handed first baseman, played in the first two College World Series. As of January 2013, the Foundation had raised approximately $7 million of the $13 million goal, after receiving a $5 million grant from the Moody Foundation.

## Awards
### Brooks Wallace Award

Named after former Texas Tech Red Raiders shortstop and assistant coach Brooks Wallace, since 2009, this award is given annually to the best collegiate shortstop. From 2004 to 2008, the award was given to the most outstanding player.

### John Olerud Award

Named after former Washington State Cougars pitcher and first baseman John Olerud, since 2010, this award is given annually to the best collegiate two-way player.

### Pitcher of the Year Award

Since 2009, this award is given annually to the best collegiate pitcher. From 2004 to 2008, the Roger Clemens Award, was given to the best collegiate pitcher by the Greater Houston Baseball Association.

### Stopper of the Year Award

This award is presented to the best collegiate relief pitcher, by the NCBWA.

### Skip Bertman Award

Named after former LSU Tigers head coach Skip Bertman, since 2013, this award is given annually to the best collegiate head coach. The inaugural award was given to head coach Mike Dickson at Gloucester County College, a Division III member of the National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA).

### National Collegiate Umpire Award

This award is presented to a collegiate umpire. 2012—Rich Fetchiet 2013—Dale Williams (Pac-8/Pac-10) 2014—Hank Rountree 2015—John Magnusson (SEC) 2019—Jon Bible

### George H.W. Bush Distinguished Alumnus Award

This award is presented to a college-athlete alumnus.
# Tirunelveli West

Tirunelveli West is a small town in Sri Lanka. It is located within Northern Province.
# Miya, Gifu

Miya (宮村, Miya-mura) was a village located in Ōno District, Gifu, Japan.
As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 2,661 and a population density of 51.28 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 51.89 km$^2$.
On February 1, 2005, Miya, along with the town of Kuguno, and the villages of Asahi, Kiyomi, Nyūkawa, Shōkawa and Takane (all from Ōno District), the town of Kokufu, and the village of Kamitakara (both from Yoshiki District), was merged into the expanded city of Takayama and no longer exists as an independent municipality.
# Sueño contigo

Sueño contigo is a Venezuelan telenovela written by Pilar Romero and produced by Venevisión in 1988. Elluz Peraza and José Luis Rodríguez star as the protagonists . with José Luis Rodríguez singing the theme song for the telenovela.

## Cast

* Elluz Peraza as Silvia Patricia Hermida
* José Luis Rodríguez as Jorge Leonardo Riera
* Rafael Briceño as Alejandro Hermida
* América Alonso as Margarita de Riera
* Chelo Rodríguez as Fabiana
* Luis Gerardo Núñez as Agustín Riera
* Elba Escobar as Livia Noriega
* María Cristina Lozada as Aurora
* Esperanza Magaz as Aurora de Hermida
* Francisco Ferrari as Héctor Riera
* Chela D'Gar as Felicidad
* Jose Cristancho as Piolin
# Elisa Morgera

Elisa Morgera (born 4 March 1977) is an Italian professor, working in Scotland (in 2023), who became the United Nations special rapporteur on human rights and climate change in 2024.

## Life

Morgera was born in Trieste and she graduated from her local university in law. She was unsure of her future career until she discovered environmental law while studying in Belgium as part of her first degree. This was a revelation as she thought she had chosen to ignore the environment to study law. She decided to move to environmental law and she obtained her master's degree in that subject at University College London before working for the United Nations. Her doctorate in International Law was gained at the European University Institute in Italy and she again worked for the UN.
In 2009 she joined Edinburgh University where she became the Professor of Global Environmental Law. From 2013 to 2016, she led an £800K research programme (BENELEX) to see how international law could be used to ensure that the benefits of moving to a green economy could be shared fairly. In 2015 she joined the University of Eastern Finland as an adjunct Professor of International and European Environmental Law.
Morgera has used a Transformative research model at the One Ocean Hub which was one of twelve research units funded by UK Research and Innovation. She led this group from 2019 and it involved about 100 researchers in different countries. It initially had a ten-year model from its creation in c.2018 but it was drawn to a close after its first five years. Morgera has argued that human rights can be the key to her work. In March 2024 she was chosen from 50 applicants to succeed Ian Fry as the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights in the context of climate change. She was chosen on the same day as several other rapporteurs including Astrid Puentes Riaño who looks at human rights and the environment and the Colombian Gina Romero who is an expert on the human rights of free association.
Morgera became a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 2023.

## Publications include

* Environmental Integration in the EU's External Relations: Beyond Multilateral Dimensions, 2012 (with Gracia Marin Durán)
* Benefit-sharing for an equitable transition to the green economy - the role of Law (BENELEX), c. 2016, (Morgera et al)
* Corporate Environmental Accountability in International Law , 2020
* Fair and Equitable Benefit-sharing in International Law, 2024
# Tim Hesterberg

Tim Hesterberg is an American statistician. He is a Fellow of the American Statistical Association and currently works as a staff data scientist at Instacart.

## Education and career

Tim Hesterberg graduated with a B.A in mathematics from St. Olaf College and received his Ph.D. in statistics from Stanford University. He is a member of the National Institute of Statistical Sciences(NISS) and was previously on the NISS Board of Trustees. He is currently on the board of the Canadian Statistical Sciences Institute. Hesterberg previously worked as a senior statistician at Google as well as at Franklin and Marshall College, Pacific Gas & Electric Co, and Insightful/MathSoft. He is currently a senior statistician at Instacart.

## Research

Hesterberg has contributed to statistical research by writing a textbook, articles, and a software package:
* A 2011 undergraduate student textbook titled Mathematical Statistics with Resampling and R.
* A 2015 article titled "What Teachers Should Know About the Bootstrap: Resampling in the Undergraduate Statistics Curriculum".
* A 2015 R (programming language) software package titled 'resample: Resampling Functions'. It performs bootstraps, permutation tests, and other sampling refunctions, and is intended to be easy to use.
* Scientific articles including "Bootstrap", "Least-Angle Regression and LASSO for Large Datasets", and "Least Angle and L1 Penalized Regression: A Review".
# Carlo Pellion di Persano

Count Carlo Pellion di Persano (11 March 1806 – 28 July 1883) was an Italian naval officer and politician, who was commander of the Regia Marina fleet at the 1866 Battle of Lissa.
Persano was born at Vercelli in the Kingdom of Sardinia on 11 March 1806. As a young man Persano joined the Royal Sardinian Navy and advanced rapidly through the ranks. He commanded the fleet from 1860 to 1861, and saw action in the struggle for Italian unification. After unification he was elected to the legislature; he became Minister of Marine in 1862 and in 1865 he was nominated a Senator.
Persano was appointed to command the Italian fleet during the Third Italian War of Independence, and, despite his warnings about the poor state of his ships and his men, he set sail and suffered a defeat at the Battle of Lissa. To quell the public outcry in Italy after the defeats of Lissa and Custoza, Persano was judged by the Italian Senate (which alone had the authority to judge a sitting Senator), condemned for incompetence on 15 April 1867 and cashiered from duty.
He died at Turin on 28 July 1883.
# Erik Frandsen

Erik Frandsen is an American actor, guitarist, and singer-songwriter who is associated with the Greenwich Village folk scene.

## Career
### Music

Erik Frandsen started his career in the mid-sixties as a songwriter and session player in and around the Greenwich Village folk scene.
In the seventies, he collaborated with the National Geographic label on the philological rendition of a collection of songs from the Civil War era, resulting in the albums "Songs Of The Civil Wars" (1976) and "Songs Of Rebels And Redcoats" (1976) and took part into the recording sessions of Bob Dylan's album Desire. In 1991, Frandsen co-composed the score for the 1991 off-Broadway musical Song of Singapore.
Because of his extensive knowledge of Village folk scene and the many years he spent touring with various folksingers, Pat Sky and Dave Van Ronk especially, he was involved in the making of the film Inside Llewyn Davis by the Coen Brothers, which is loosely based on the figure of Van Ronk, and helped actor Oscar Isaac to learn Van Ronk's fingerpicking style.

### TV

Later in life, Frandsen picked up acting and played in Law & Order episodes, and also played a recurring character at The Colbert Report, the fictional German ambassador to the UN Hans Beinholtz. In 2013, Frandsen voiced Andy Moon in Grand Theft Auto V. He also played the Political Expert in The Onion's "Tea party quiet... Too quiet".

## Awards

On May 31, 2015, Frandsen was inducted into the New York Blues Hall of Fame.
# Tjintu Desert Band

Tjintu Desert Band is a Central Australian Indigenous band from Ikuntji, a small community 230 kilometres west of Alice Springs. Previously known as Sunshine Reggae or Sunshine Reggae Band they changed their name to include the Luritja word for "sunshine". They sing in a mixture of Luritja and English.
As the Sunshine Reggae Band, they toured with Regional Arts WA Stand Tracks program in 2011 with Nabarlek, and again in 2015 with Rayella as Tjintu Band.

## Discography

Sunshine Reggae
* Watjilarrinya Homesick - CAAMA
Tjintu Desert Band
* Tjamuku Ngurra (2014) - CAAMA
# Machimia rogifera

Machimia rogifera is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1914. It is found in Guyana.
The wingspan is about 8 mm (0.31 in). The forewings are light yellow ochreous, suffused with ferruginous along the median portion of the costa. There is a slender black supramedian streak from the base to one-third, the space between this and the dorsum suffused with fuscous. There is also a large dark fuscous trapezoidal blotch extending on the dorsum from the middle to near the tornus, rather narrowed upwards and reaching across wing for four-fifths, edged with black and then with whitish. The hindwings are blackish grey.
# Elisedal

Elisedal is a neighbourhood of Malmö, situated in the Borough of Husie, Malmö Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden.
# Mirror of My Mind

Mirror of My Mind is an album by Japanese guitarist Ryo Kawasaki that was released in 1979. It was recorded at Power Station Studios in New York City.

## Track listing

* Trinkets & Things (Kawasaki/Shottam) (Ryka/BMI) 6:48
* I've Found the Way of Love (Kawasaki) (Ryka/BMI) 6:58
* Dreams for Radha Part I,II & III (Kawasaki) (Ryka/BMI) 7:49
* Brasiliana (Baden Powell) Gema 4:06
* Winter's Here (Kawasaki/Shottam) (Ryka/BMI) 4:05
* In & Out of Love (Kawasaki) (Ryka/BMI) 6:41
* Little One (Kawasaki) (Ryka/BMI) 4:51

## Personnel

* Ryo Kawasaki – electric guitar, acoustic guitar
* Leon Pendarvis – electric piano, arrangement
* Anthony Jackson – bass guitar
* Harvey Mason – drums
* Rubens Bassini – percussion
* Michael Brecker – tenor saxophone
* Radha Shottom (Radha Thomas) – vocals
# Carl Graffunder

Carl Graffunder (March 23, 1919 – August 27, 2013) was a mid-century modernist architect whose influence from European modernism, Frank Lloyd Wright and Antonin Raymond manifested in many residential and commercial structures mostly in Minnesota. He was born in Rock Island, Illinois and raised in Hibbing, Minnesota. He received his Bachelor of Architecture at the University of Minnesota in 1942 and Master of Architecture from Harvard University in 1948. Graffunder was the chief draftsman for Antonin Raymond in New York City from 1946 to 1947. Graffunder taught for the University of Minnesota School of Architecture from 1948 until his retirement in the 1980s.
His commercial building projects include:
* Normandale Lutheran Church, Minneapolis, MN
* Bethany Lutheran Church, Minneapolis, MN
* Stevens Square Nursing Home, Minneapolis, MN
# Molenberg

Molenberg (literally Millhill) is a former mining colony in the south-western part of Heerlen, southeastern Netherlands.
When work started in 1913 it was called Molenbergpark (Millhillpark).
The mining colony was created to house mining executives (alongside the slope of the hill, towards the centre of Heerlen), engineers (alongside the mean road), and miners.
Although much of the plan logical work was done by architect Jan Stuyt, there are/were also buildings designed by Frits Peutz (Land house attorney Wijnands, 1919, the Broederschool (school building) 1921, Kapel Broederhuis, 1932), Theo Boosten (church Pius X (now demolished), 1961), and C. Franssen & J. Franssen (church Verschijning van de Onbevlekte Maagd, 1926).
The first house were completed in 1916, in 1918 a second project was started, and between 1928-1938 the centre of Molenberg was filled.
In 1951 the construction of another part was started, called the "Witte Wijk", designed by Jos Klijnen.
# Epyaxa rosearia

Epyaxa rosearia, the New Zealand looper or plantain moth, is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

E. rosearia was first described by Edward Doubleday in 1843 and named Cidaria rosearia.

## Description

The eggs of this species are pale yellow and oval with a smooth shell.
Alex Purdie describes the caterpillar of this species as:
   Length, at rest, about three- quarters of an inch. Colour light-green, with indistinct whitish longitudinal lines, and a narrow median dorsal stripe of the ground colour, edged on each side by one of these whitish lines; a subdorsal whitish line on each side of the median stripe; the ground colour shows again as a lateral line, edged below with whitish. Under-side with delicate whitish or yellowish longitudinal tracings, as on the upper side. The junctions of the segments show yellowish or whitish rings when the larva contracts. Head, greenish-yellow. Body tapering somewhat to the head.
The caterpillars form a chrysalis that is glossy and very dark brownish black. They can be found amongst the leaves of the forest floor. E. rosearia adults are varied in appearance. They can have a pinkish tinge or can be brownish in hue although olive green is also common.

## Distribution

E. rosearia are very common throughout New Zealand.

## Host species

While it is endemic to New Zealand, the larvae have so far only been recorded feeding on exotic plant species: Nasturtium officinale, Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium ambiguum, Trifolium repens and Tropaeolum majus. The larvae also seem to feed on the leaves of Trifolium caucasicum.

## Interaction with humans

A recent study suggests this moth may be assisting with the pollination of avocado trees.
# College of the Environment (Western Washington University)

The College of the Environment at Western Washington University is one of the oldest environmental colleges in the US.

## Departments and programs

The college has two departments, Environmental Science and Environmental Studies, and offers a variety of undergraduate and graduate degrees.

### Undergraduate degrees

* B.S. in Environmental Science
* B.A. in Environmental Studies, Environmental Policy, Geography, Environmental Education, and Urban Planning and Sustainable Development
* B.A. and B.S. in Energy Studies (with the College of Business and Economics and the College of Science and Engineering)
* B.A. in Business and Sustainability (with the College of Business and Economics)
* Combined degrees in Environmental Studies-Elementary Education (B.A.E.), Geography-Elementary Education (B.A.E.), Geography-Social Studies (B.A.), and Economics-Environmental Studies (B.A.)

### Graduate degrees

* M.S. Environmental Science
* M.A. in EnvironmentaL Studies
* M.S. in Marine and Estuarine Science (MESP)
* M.Ed. in Environmental Education

## Alumni

Over 7,500 students have graduated from the College of the Environment, many going on to work in various environmental-related industries including: habitat biology, renewable energy, environmental education, and more. Alumni are represented in the senior levels of various local, state, and federal institutions.
# Togo at the 2007 All-Africa Games

Togo competed in the 2007 All-Africa Games held at the Stade du 5 Juillet in the city of Algiers, Algeria. The country received a single silver medal in the women's hammer throw with Florence Ezeh achieving a throw of 59.55 metres (195 ft 4 in). This was originally a bronze medal but was upgraded when second place Funke Adeoye failed a dope test.

## Medal summary

Togo won a silver at the games, achieved in the Women's hammer throw. The event was held on 27 July. Florence Ezeh came third to Marwa Ahmed Hussein Arafat of Egypt and Funke Adeoye of Nigeria with a medal winning distance of 59.55 metres (195 ft 4 in). Subsequently, Adeoye failed a dope test and was disqualified so Ezeh was awarded the silver medal.

## List of Medalists
### Medal table

| Sport | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| Athletics | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |

### Silver Medal

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date | Ref |
| Silver | Florence Ezeh | Athletics | Women's hammer throw | 21 July 2007 | |
# Machimia trunca

Machimia trunca is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1930. It is found in Pará, Brazil.
# Timothy M. Shaw

Timothy M. Shaw (born January 1945) is an England-born Canadian political scientist whose research interests include International Political Economy, Global South, development studies and regionalism in Africa and the Caribbean. He is Associate Research Fellow at United Nations University, and Adjunct Research Professor at Carleton University, University of Ottawa and University of Massachusetts Boston. Shaw was Director of the Institute of Commonwealth Studies at the University of London where he remains Professor Emeritus.
He is editorial board member of academic journals such as African Review, African Security, African Security Review, Canadian Journal of Development Studies, Globalizations, Governance in Africa, International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, Journal of Global Ethics, Journal of Intervention & Statebuilding, and The Round Table, Third World Quarterly. He also is editor of Routledge Book Series on International Relations in East Asia and Palgrave Macmillan’s International Political Economy Series.
After completing his MA at the University of East Africa (1969) and PhD at the Princeton University (1975), Shaw taught at the Dalhousie University for three decades (1971–2000), and directed the Pearson Institute, the International Development Studies department, and the Centre for Foreign Policy Studies. In 2014, he received an honorary PhD from the University of St Andrews in Scotland.