OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Akai tori

Akai tori (赤い鳥, Red Bird) was a Japanese children's literary magazine published between 1918 and 1936 in Tokyo, Japan. The magazine has a significant role in establishing dowa and doyo, which refer to new versions of children's fiction, poetry, and songs. In addition, it was pioneer of literary movements, doshinshugi and jidō bungaku (juvenile literature).

## History and profile

Akai tori was founded in 1918, and the first issue was published on 1 July of that year. The founder was Miekichi Suzuki, who also published and edited it until 1936. Later Nakayama Taichi acquired the publishing company of the magazine. Akai tori was headquartered in Tokyo. Its sister publication was Josei, a women's magazine published between 1922 and 1928.
Akai tori published stories by Ryunosuke Akutagawa, including Spider's Thread and Tu Tze-Chun. Stories written by Niimi Nankichi were also published in the magazine. Miekichi Suzuki published his stories in Akai tori, too. Suzuki's stories were in sharp in contrast to the dominant stories of the day in that his stories featured innocent and introspective children unlike heroic young children commonly covered in popular stories targeting children. In addition, Suzuki translated Mark Twain's The Prince and the Pauper into Japanese and published it in Akai tori in 1925. The magazine also included children's songs such as those written by poet Hakushu Kitahara. School children sent their work to the magazine, and Miekichi Suzuki reviewed them and attempted to instruct children how to write essays.
From 1929 to 1931 Akai tori temporarily ceased publication and permanently folded in 1936.

## Legacy

The Japan Nursery Rhyme Association named the date of magazine's first issue (1 July) as the Nursery Rhyme Day in Japan. The magazine was studied by different scholars, including Britta Woldering and Elizabeth M. Keith.
# Canton of Pas-en-Artois

The Canton of Pas-en-Artois is a former canton situated in the department of the Pas-de-Calais and in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of northern France. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 25 communes, which joined the canton of Avesnes-le-Comte in 2015. It had a total of 7,678 inhabitants (2012).

## Geography

The canton is organised around Pas-en-Artois in the arrondissement of Arras. The altitude varies from 61m (Amplier) to 172m (Humbercamps) for an average altitude of 128m.
The canton comprised 25 communes:
* Amplier
* Bienvillers-au-Bois
* Couin
* Famechon
* Foncquevillers
* Gaudiempré
* Gommecourt
* Grincourt-lès-Pas
* Halloy
* Hannescamps
* Hébuterne
* Hénu
* Humbercamps
* Mondicourt
* Orville
* Pas-en-Artois
* Pommera
* Pommier
* Puisieux
* Sailly-au-Bois
* Saint-Amand
* Sarton
* Souastre
* Thièvres
* Warlincourt-lès-Pas

## Population

Population Evolution :
| 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 |
| 7531 | 8034 | 7646 | 7330 | 7267 | 7321 |
| Census count starting from 1962 : Population without double counting ||||||
# Miroslav Kultyshev

Miroslav Kultyshev (born August 21, 1985) is a Russian classical pianist and was awarded second prize at the 2007 International Tchaikovsky Competition (no first prize was awarded).

## Biography
### Early life and education

Kultyshev was born in Saint Petersburg, Russia (then Leningrad, Soviet Union), on August 21, 1985. He gave his first concert at age six, and at age ten, he appeared in the Grand Hall of the St. Petersburg Philharmonic, performing Mozart's D minor Concerto No. 20, K466 under the direction of Yuri Temirkanov.
In 2004, Kultyshev graduated from the Secondary Specialized Musical School of the St. Petersburg State Conservatory, where he studied under Zora Zucker.
He is currently a student at the St. Petersburg Conservatory, where he studies with Alexander Sandler.

### Career

In 1996, he made his debut with the Saint Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra.
Since 2006, he has been a scholar and active participant of the St. Petersburg House of Music. He tours in Austria, Germany, France, Italy, Great Britain, the United States, the Netherlands, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Lithuania, United Arab Emirates, and Ukraine.
From 2006 until 2007, he took part in an internship at the International Holland Music Sessions.
In 2007, he won the 13th International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow, Russia, being awarded second prize - no first prize was awarded that year.
He has released an album which includes his performance of all twelve of Franz Liszt's Études d'exécution transcendante. He holds scholarships from the Yuri Bashmet Foundation and the St. Petersburg Philharmonic Society. He regularly tours with the conductor Valery Gergiev. He has also worked with conductors Vladimir Ashkenazy, Constantine Orbelian, Yuri Bashmet, and Vassily Sinaisky.

## Awards

* 1998: G. Neuhaus International Festival
* 1999: International Music Festival “Virtuosos of 2000”
* 2001: grant-holder of the National Youth Prize “Triumph”.
* 2005: First prize and Golden Medal of the International Youth Delphic Games (Ukraine, Kiev)
* 2007: silver medal, 13th International Tchaikovsky Competition
* 2010: Distinction in XVI International Chopin Piano Competition
* 2012: Monte Carlo Piano Masters
# Alto Sangro

The Alto Sangro ski area is the largest ski area of Central Italy-Southern Italy, located in the lower Abruzzo, in province of L'Aquila, and made up of five localities in the province of L'Aquila (Barrea, Pescasseroli, Pescocostanzo, Rivisondoli and Roccaraso); a small part of the territory is included in the Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise National Park, the remainder falls within the external protection zone and a small part in the south-western part of the Maiella National Park; the best known slopes are those of Rivisondoli-Roccaraso: Aremogna, Monte Pratello and Pizzalto.
In 2010 the area celebrated its 100th anniversary; in fact, the first international race held in these mountains dates back to 1910, precisely in Roccaraso. International level competitions are held annually in the Alto Sangro: in 2005 the men's and women's finals of the European Alpine Ski Cup 2005 were held and in 2012 the area hosted the Italian Alpine Ski Championships 2012 and the 2012 Alpine Skiing World Junior Championships. In 2017, the area was equipped with a powerful artificial snow system (the largest in Italy and the third in the world) and new gondola lifts.
The area consists of 5 ski areas:
* Barrea
* Pescasseroli
* Pescocostanzo
* Rivisondoli
* Roccaraso
# Citrinophila tenera

Citrinophila tenera, the medium yellow, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in southern Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Mongala, Uele, Equateur and Sankuru), and Uganda (from the western part of the country to the Bwamba Valley). Their habitat consists of forests.
# Thomas Hamilton House

Thomas Hamilton House may refer to:
* Thomas Hamilton House (San Diego, California), a San Diego historic landmark
* Thomas Hamilton House (Calais, Maine), listed on the NRHP in Washington County, Maine
# M. Belle Brown

Mary Belle Brown, M.D. (March 1, 1846 – July 13, 1924) was an American physician and surgeon, one of the few women in medicine of her time to perform surgery. She was professor and dean of the New York Medical College and Hospital for Women.

## Early life and family

M. Belle Brown was born in Staunton Township, Miami County, Ohio, on March 1, 1848. Her father, Daniel Brown (1809–1877), was born in Rhode Island and moved west in 1828. M. Belle Brown was the granddaughter of Arnold Brown and the great-granddaughter of Reverend Chad Brown, a co-founder of Providence Plantations who emigrated to the United States from England in 1638,
M. Belle Brown's mother's name was Telford, and her ancestors were of the Jennings family from England. Brown's maternal grandfather was Andrew Telford, a pioneer of Miami County. Brown's maternal grandmother, Eliza Telford (1816–1899), was the neighborhood doctor in emergencies and kept salves and liniments for everybody who desired them. Brown had 5 siblings: Cyrus Telford (1844–1914), Cornelia J. (1844–1907), Rebecca, Arnold O. (1852–1928) and Harry W. (1860–1917).
Brown was educated in the public schools in Troy, Ohio, and later attended Oxford Female College in Oxford, Ohio.

## Career

Brown began studying medicine in 1874. In 1876, she entered the New York Medical College and Hospital for Women in Valhalla, New York. She graduated in 1879 and opened a general practice in West 34th street, New York. She later moved the practice to 30 West 51st street, where she practiced from 1890 until her retirement. During the earlier years her practice took her frequently to the poorer quarters of the city.
Brown was one of the few women of her time who performed surgery. She attended clinics in New York and Chicago, studying under noted surgeons. She specialized in the diseases of women and was professor of diseases of women in the New York Medical College and Hospital for Women. Brown also served as secretary of the faculty of that institution. She was later made the dean, succeeding Dr. Clemence Sophia Harned Lozier, noted feminist activist and founder of the college.
Brown also discovered a remedy for motion sickness called "Ship-shape". She was a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, of the New York County Medical Society, a member of the consulting staff of the Memorial Hospital in Brooklyn, and of the New York Homeopathic Sanitarium Association.

## Personal life

After a 40 year career, M. Belle Brown retired to Troy, Ohio in 1917.
During World War I, Brown was active in raising funds for the American Hospital of Paris, as well as for the Red Cross.
Brown died on July 13, 1924, in Troy and is buried at Riverside Cemetery, Troy, Section 3, Lot 118, with her family.
# Ehretia aspera

Ehretia aspera is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Boraginaceae. It is a small tree native to the Indian subcontinent (India, Pakistan, the Himalayas, and Sri Lanka), Indochina (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam), Peninsular Malaysia, and Hainan. It grows in dry deciduous forests. It flowers and fruits in January and February.
# Akatsievo

Akatsievo is a village in Vidin Municipality, Vidin Province, Bulgaria.
# Flag of Szczecin

The flag is the symbol of the city of Szczecin in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland.

## Design

This flag has a shape of a rectangle with 1:2 proportions, divided horizontally into 6 equal stripes of red and blue. Located on the left side of the flag is the coat of arms of Szczecin, a blue shield with golden (yellow) border, with the red head of a griffin with a golden (yellow) crown and beak.

## History

During the Middle Ages, the city used a Hanseatic flag as a member of Hanseatic League. It was equally divided into 2 stripes, red on top and white in bottom, with the squares of the opposing colours located within each of the stripes. There were various versions of the flag, presenting it both in the shape of a vertical and horizontal rectangle, with inner squares or rectangles being either positioned in the center, or on the left side of the flag. It was based on the flag of Lübeck. According to most sources, its oldest known appearance was in 1695.
In 1720, the city was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia, which in 1918, was replaced by the Free State of Prussia. Under Prussian administration, the city begun using the rectangular flag with 6 alternating red and blue stripes. This design had been used until 1945. Following the end of World War II in 1945, there were various versions of the flag used by the city, having from 4 to 10 stripes, sometimes, with their order reverted, starting with the blue stripe on top.
In the 19th century, the city also used to have two maritime flags, used by the ships based in the city. Until 1869, it used a white rectangular flag. On the left side of the flag was located the coat of arms of the city, with the red head of griffin with golden (yellow) beak and crown, located in the silver (white) escutcheon with golden (yellow) coronet crown. On the right side was located black number 31. The second maritime flag used by Szczecin was a white rectangle with the black number 200 on the right side, and the coat of arms of the city located in the canton on the left side. The coat of arms was the red head of griffin with golden (yellow) beak and crown, located in the blue escutcheon with the crown on its top.
The current flag was established by the City Council of Szczecin on 2 December 1996 and later confirmed by the city by-law on 14 December 2004. The current flag has six alternating red and blue stripes, and the coat of arms of the city located on the left side of the flag.
# Alvimia

Alvimia is a Brazilian genus of bamboo in the grass family. It is native to the eastern coastal regions of the State of Bahia in eastern Brazil.

## Species

* Alvimia auriculata Soderstr. & Londoño
* Alvimia gracilis Soderstr. & Londoño
* Alvimia lancifolia Soderstr. & Londoño
# Emma Lake, Saskatchewan

Emma Lake is an unincorporated place in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan.

## Geography

Emma Lake is in north-central Saskatchewan within the District of Lakeland No. 521. It shares the southern shore of Emma Lake with the communities of Sunnyside Beach to the west and Neis Beach to the east.

## Attractions

Emma Lake is a recreational community with access to beaches, campgrounds, and resorts. It is also near Great Blue Heron Provincial Park. Emma Lake Golf Course is an 18-hole, par-71 course with a total of 5,787 yards, a pro shop, and a licensed restaurant.

## Transportation

Access to the community is from Highway 263.
# Cleveland, Virginia

Cleveland is a town in central Russell County, Virginia, United States. The population was 128 at the 2010 census.

## History

Jessees Mill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

## Geography

Cleveland is located at 36°56′37″N 82°9′8″W﻿ / ﻿36.94361°N 82.15222°W﻿ / 36.94361; -82.15222 (36.943674, -82.152334).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.1 square mile (0.4 km$^2$), of which 0.1 square mile (0.3 km$^2$) is land and 0.04 square mile (0.1 km$^2$) (14.29%) is water.

## Demographics

At the 2000 census there were 148 people, 81 households, and 43 families living in the town. The population density was 1,251.7 people per square mile (476.2/km$^2$). There were 113 housing units at an average density of 955.7 per square mile (363.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 97.97% White, and 2.03% from two or more races. Of the 81 households 11.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.2% were married couples living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.7% were non-families. 42.0% of households were one person and 19.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 1.83 and the average family size was 2.45.
The age distribution was 8.8% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 23.0% from 25 to 44, 28.4% from 45 to 64, and 33.1% 65 or older. The median age was 55 years. For every 100 females there were 102.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.5 males.
The median household income was $11,346 and the median family income was $14,688. Males had a median income of $35,833 versus $25,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $11,263. There were 36.6% of families and 41.8% of the population living below the poverty line, including 61.5% of under eighteens and 33.3% of those over 64.
# Minden, New Zealand

Minden is a rural community in the Western Bay of Plenty District and Bay of Plenty Region of New Zealand's North Island. The peak that the area is named after was named after the 1759 Battle of Minden in Prussia by a soldier stationed in Tauranga in 1866 after the Tauranga campaign.
The Minden lookout on the corner of Minden and Junction roads provides views over Tauranga. In March 2023 the Minden Lookout was temporarily closed due to failure to meet health and safety standards.
The Minden Scenic Reserve has a 15-minute loop walk from Ainsworth Road.
Minden Peak is at 288 metres above sea level, and can be accessed via the Minden Stairs, with over 320 steps.

## Demographics

Minden statistical area covers 85.95 km$^2$ (33.19 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 2,650 as of June 2023, with a population density of 31 people per km$^2$.
Minden had a population of 2,133 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 402 people (23.2%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 525 people (32.6%) since the 2006 census. There were 717 households, comprising 1,056 males and 1,077 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.98 males per female. The median age was 44.3 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 450 people (21.1%) aged under 15 years, 312 (14.6%) aged 15 to 29, 1,047 (49.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 324 (15.2%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 92.4% European/Pākehā, 12.5% Māori, 1.7% Pacific peoples, 2.8% Asian, and 1.5% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 21.0, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 51.3% had no religion, 37.4% were Christian, 1.0% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.4% were Hindu, 0.6% were Buddhist and 0.6% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 396 (23.5%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 207 (12.3%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $38,800, compared with $31,800 nationally. 357 people (21.2%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 825 (49.0%) people were employed full-time, 360 (21.4%) were part-time, and 39 (2.3%) were unemployed.
# Tibout Regters

Tibout Regters (24 December 1710 – 26 January 1768) was an 18th-century portrait painter from the Dutch Republic.

## Biography

Regters was born in Dordrecht. According to his biographer Jan van Gool, his parents moved when he was two years old to Arnhem, where he grew up. He was first sent to learn painting from Ten Haeg, and then moved to Rotterdam at age 20 to study for two years with Meyer. He then moved to Amsterdam and first went to work for Wannenberg before becoming the pupil of Jan Maurits Quinkhard for 5 years. At the end of this period he was an able portrait painter, and Van Gool visited his studio in 1751 in Amsterdam where he saw a good full-length portrait of the painter Ludolf Bakhuizen and a large group portrait that he was working on of the regents of the Amsterdam Almoezeniers orphanage.
According to the RKD, he was a pupil of Jan Maurits Quinkhard, and he worked in Dordrecht, Amsterdam, Arnhem and Rotterdam. He died in Amsterdam.
# M. Bernard Aidinoff

Merton Bernard Aidinoff (February 2, 1929 – 8 August 2016) was an American tax lawyer, and partner at the firm of Sullivan & Cromwell. Prior to joining Sullivan & Cromwell, he served as law clerk to Judge Learned Hand of the United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit. Aidinoff was a graduate of the University of Michigan and the Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the Harvard Law Review.

## Early life

Merton Bernard Aidinoff, who was known as Bernie, was born on February 2, 1929, in Newport, Rhode Island. He was the son of Simon Aidinoff (1899–1950) and Ester (née Miller) Aidinoff (1902–1992) and the brother of Judith Aidinoff and Ruth Elkind.
He received his undergraduate degree from the University of Michigan, followed by a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1953 where he was an editor of the Harvard Law Review.

## Career

Following his law education, Aidinoff became a first lieutenant in the Army Judge Advocate General Corps. After this, he served as a law clerk for judge Learned Hand on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. In 1956, Aidinoff joined the law firm of Sullivan & Cromwell, where his expertise was in the area of tax law. He would remain at Sullivan & Cromwell until his retirement in 1996.
Within the law profession, Aidinoff had several additional roles including chairman of the Section of Taxation of the American Bar Association, chairman of the Tax Program Committee of the American Law Institute, editor-in-chief of The Tax Layer, chairman of the Executive Committee of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York, and a member of the Commissioner's Advisory Committee of the Internal Revenue Service.

### Volunteer and board involvement

Outside of the law profession, Aidinoff held various roles including a member of the board of directors of Goldman Sachs Philanthropy Fund, Human Rights First, and the Orchestra of St. Luke's. Additionally, Aidinoff was chairman of the board of the Foundation for a Civil Society
He was a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, The Century Association, India House and the Metropolitan Club in Washington. He also served as a member of the board of AIG.

## Personal life

In 1956, he married Celia "Cissie" Spiro (d. 1984), who eventually became the vice president of the Legal Aid Society in New York and the deputy chairwoman of the Democratic National Committee in 1981 and 1982. They were the parents of Seth George Aidinoff, who married Lucie Livingston, and Gail Aidinoff Scovell.
In 1996, Aidinoff married Elsie (née Vanderbilt) Newburg, the daughter of former Rhode Island Governor William Henry Vanderbilt III from his second marriage to Anne Gordon Colby.
He died on August 8, 2016, in Manhattan, New York City.
# Akeel Al Saffar

Akeel Al Saffar (عقيل الصفار) is an Iraqi politician. Al Saffar lived in exile for decades, opposing the regime of Saddam Hussein. He held the position of Deputy Minister for National Security Affairs from 2004 to 2018.
Al Saffar's first name is sometimes rendered as Aqeel.

## Political career

Al Saffar was in exile from the early years of the regime of Saddam Hussein. This meant he, nor many other Iraqi politicians could take part in Iraqi politics.
He served as Deputy Minister for National Security Affairs under successive governments and Prime Ministers.
# Canton of Saint-Just-en-Chevalet

The canton of Saint-Just-en-Chevalet is a French former administrative division located in the department of Loire and the Rhône-Alpes region. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 10 communes, which joined the canton of Renaison in 2015. It had 4,655 inhabitants (2012).
The canton comprised the following communes:
* Champoly
* Chausseterre
* Cherier
* Cremeaux
* Juré
* Saint-Just-en-Chevalet
* Saint-Marcel-d'Urfé
* Saint-Priest-la-Prugne
* Saint-Romain-d'Urfé
* La Tuilière
# Tibesti Est

Tibesti Est is a department of Tibesti Region in Chad. It was created by Ordinance No. 002 / PR / 08 of 19 February 2008. Its chief town is Bardai.

## Subdivisions

The department of Tibesti Est is divided into four sub-prefectures:
* Bardaï
* Zoumri
* Aozou
* Yebbibou

## Administration

Administrators:
    Prefect of Tibesti Est (since 2008)
* October 9, 2008: Taher Barkai