OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ali ibn Abi Bakr al-Harawi

Ali ibn Abi Bakr al-Harawi (d. 1215) — also known as Abu al-Hasan and Ali of Herat — was a 12th and 13th century Persian traveller originally from Herat, Afghanistan.

## Biography

Abū al-Ḥasan ʻAlī ibn Abū (or Abī) Bakr al-Harawī was born in Mosul. Al-Harawi travelled the Islamic world and died in Aleppo, Syria in a fort built for him.
The celebrated traveller came from a family from Herat. Ibn Khallikan noted: "There was neither sea nor land, plain nor mountain, to which access could be obtained, which he had not seen; and in every place to which he went, he wrote his name upon the walls, as I myself have observed in all the cities which I visited, and their number is certainly very great. To this he was indebted for his reputation and his name as a traveller became proverbial."

## Graffiti

The scholar al-Mundhri noted: "He used to write 'his name' on walls (graffiti) and there was hardly a well known place of a city or otherwise save that it will have his hand writing on it." He is the first known graffiti artist (wrote many inscriptions) in the Muslim world.

## Epitaph

He asked that the following epitaph be written on his tombstone: "Lived as a stranger, died a loner, no friend to eulogize him, no beloved to weep over him, no family to visit him, no brothers to visit his grave, no offspring to call on him, no wife to mourn over him, I have trod where no one has, walked into towns, travelled the high seas, seen many ruins, travelled to many cities, lived among people, I did not meet a true friend, or found agreement from a comrade, so whoever reads this inscription let him not be bedazzled by anyone."

## Magic

Ibn al-Wardi mentioned that he dabbled in natural magic (legerdemain and phantasmagoria), talisman and sleight of hand.

## Influence

Saladin's son was fond of him and had great regard for him and built a fort for him in Aleppo.

## Works

He authored:
* Kitab al-ishara ila ma`rifat al-ziyara (Book of indications to make known the places of visitations),
* Kitab al-khutab al-Harawia (Book of sermons by al-Harawi),
* al-Tadhkira al-Harawiya fi al-hiyal al-harabiya (al-Harawi's admonition regarding war stratagems).
# Chris Greene

Chris Greene may refer to:
* Chris Greene (broadcaster) (born 1988), Irish broadcaster and comedian
* Chris H. Greene, American physicist
# Afroartelida teunisseni

Afroartelida teunisseni is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Vives and Adlbauer in 2005.
# Alexander Pankov

Alexander Sergeevich Pankov (born November 17, 1991, Ufa) is a Russian professional ice hockey player, forward who currently plays for Toros Neftekamsk of the Supreme Hockey League (VHL).

## Playing career

Alexander Pankov is the pupil of the Ufa hockey. He began his professional career in 2009 in the club Tolpar Ufa of the Minor Hockey League. In his first season, he played 64 games, scored 41 (19+22) points and won the bronze medal of the tournament. In the next season he scored 33 (14+19) points in 49 games and won bronze medal of the Minor Hockey League again. He made his debut in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) on 22 December 2010 against Neftekhimik team from Nizhnekamsk. In his first season in the KHL he played 20 games and scored 6 (5+1) points, won the Gagarin Cup with the Salavat Yulaev.
He began the 2011/12 season in the club Toros from Neftekamsk (VHL) but in November he was called to the Salavat Yulaev. He returned to the Toros on December 22, 2011 and won the Bratina Cup. The management of Salavat Yulaev" has decided to extend the bilateral agreement with Pankov on May 3, 2012. In 2015 Pankov moved to the club Avtomobilist (Yekaterinburg)

## Awards and honours

* 2010, 2011 Bronze medal: Minor Hockey League
* 2011 Gagarin Cup Champion: Salavat Yulaev Ufa (KHL)
* 2012 Bratina Cup: Toros Neftekamsk (VHL)
# Brehna

Brehna is a town and a former municipality in the district of Anhalt-Bitterfeld, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 July 2009, it is part of the town Sandersdorf-Brehna.
It is situated southwest of Bitterfeld. Important in this city is the church where Katharina von Bora, the wife of Martin Luther lived.
* old town hall
* new town hall
* church
# Theta1 Crucis

Theta$^1$ Crucis (θ$^1$ Cru, Theta$^1$ Crucis) is a spectroscopic binary star system in the southern constellation of Crux. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.30$^m$. The distance to this star, as determined using parallax measurements, is around 235 light years.
The pair orbit each other closely with a period of 24.5 days and an eccentricity of 0.61. The primary component is an Am star, which is a chemically peculiar A-type star that shows anomalous variations in absorption lines of certain elements. It has a stellar classification of A3(m)A8-A8. With a mass 157% times that of the Sun, it radiates 81 times the Sun's luminosity from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 7341 K. Unusually for a fully radiative A-type star, X-ray emissions have been detected, which may instead be coming from the orbiting companion.
# Thierry Chopin

Thierry B.R. Chopin (died 18 July 2024) was a Canadian phycologist and professor of aquaculture at the University of New Brunswick, Saint John. He died on 18 July 2024.

## Awards and honours

* Chevalier of the Ordre du Mérite Maritime
* Chevalier of the Ordre des Palmes académiques
* Honorary Consul of France
# Thianthrene

Thianthrene is a sulfur-containing heterocyclic chemical compound. It is a derivative of the parent heterocycle called dithiin. It is notable for its ease of oxidation.

## Structure and synthesis

Like other 1,4-dithiins but unlike its oxygen analog dibenzodioxin, the shape of thianthrene is not planar. It is bent, with a fold angle of 128° between the two benzo groups.
Thianthrene can be prepared by treating benzene with disulfur dichloride in the presence of aluminium chloride.

## History

Thianthrene was first synthesized by John Stenhouse by dry distillation of sodium benzenesulfonate. Thianthrene is oxidized by sulfuric acid forming a red radical cation. Thianthrene$^{•+}$ has been characterized by Electron paramagnetic resonance. Four different publications describe the crystal structure of salts of thianthrene$^{•+}$.
# Thiele modulus

The Thiele modulus was developed by Ernest Thiele in his paper 'Relation between catalytic activity and size of particle' in 1939. Thiele reasoned that a large enough particle has a reaction rate so rapid that diffusion forces can only carry the product away from the surface of the catalyst particle. Therefore, only the surface of the catalyst would experience any reaction.
The Thiele Modulus was developed to describe the relationship between diffusion and reaction rates in porous catalyst pellets with no mass transfer limitations. This value is generally used to measure the effectiveness factor of pellets.
The Thiele modulus is represented by different symbols in different texts, but is defined in Hill as h$_T$.
    $h_{T}^{2}={\dfrac {\mbox{reaction rate}}{\mbox{diffusion rate}}}$

## Overview

The derivation of the Thiele Modulus (from Hill) begins with a material balance on the catalyst pore. For a first-order irreversible reaction in a straight cylindrical pore at steady state:
${\pi }r^{2}\left(-D_{c}{\frac {dC}{dx}}\right)_{x}={\pi }r^{2}\left(-D_{c}{\frac {dC}{dx}}\right)_{x+{\Delta }x}+\left(2{\pi }r{\Delta }x\right)\left(k_{1}C\right)$
where $D_{c}$ is a diffusivity constant, and $k_{1}$ is the rate constant.
Then, turning the equation into a differential by dividing by ${\Delta }x$ and taking the limit as ${\Delta }x$ approaches 0,
$D_{c}\left({\frac {d^{2}C}{dx^{2}}}\right)={\frac {2k_{1}C}{r}}$
This differential equation with the following boundary conditions:
$C=C_{o}{\text{ at }}x=0$
and
${\frac {dC}{dx}}=0{\text{ at }}x=L$
where the first boundary condition indicates a constant external concentration on one end of the pore and the second boundary condition indicates that there is no flow out of the other end of the pore.
Plugging in these boundary conditions, we have
${\frac {d^{2}C}{d(x/L)^{2}}}=\left({\frac {2k_{1}L^{2}}{rD_{c}}}\right)C$
The term on the right side multiplied by C represents the square of the Thiele Modulus, which we now see rises naturally out of the material balance. Then the Thiele modulus for a first order reaction is:
$h_{T}^{2}={\frac {2k_{1}L^{2}}{rD_{c}}}$
From this relation it is evident that with large values of $h_{T}$, the rate term dominates and the reaction is fast, while slow diffusion limits the overall rate. Smaller values of the Thiele modulus represent slow reactions with fast diffusion.

## Other forms

Other order reactions may be solved in a similar manner as above. The results are listed below for irreversible reactions in straight cylindrical pores.

### Second order Reaction

$h_{2}^{2}={\frac {2L^{2}k_{2}C_{o}}{rD_{c}}}$

### Zero order reaction

$h_{o}^{2}={\frac {2L^{2}k_{o}}{rD_{c}C_{o}}}$

### Effectiveness Factor

The effectiveness factor η relates the diffusive reaction rate with the rate of reaction in the bulk stream.
For a first order reaction in a slab geometry, this is:
${\eta }={\frac {\tanh h_{T}}{h_{T}}}$
# Mikulići

Mikulići is a village in Croatia, in Konavle municipality.

## Demographics

According to the 2021 census, its population was 66.
# This Is Not a New Album

This Is Not a New Album is the 2001 re-issue of San Diegan punk band Dogwood's 1998 self-released eponymous album. The only difference is the omission of the original track 2, "Never Die," which was re-recorded in 1999's More Than Conquerors.

## Track listing

* "Firehead"
* "Belligerent Love"
* "Steinslinger"
* "Old Friends"
* "Preschool Days"
* "Suffer"
* "The Rise & Fall of Belinda & Ivan"
* "We Have No Talent"
* "What I Should Have Said"
* "Abandoned"
* "Redefine Defiance"
* "Progression"
* This 2000s Christian rock album-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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* This article about a punk rock album from the 2000s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# All About Boy'z

All About Boy'z is a Hong Kong television series released in the year of 2003.

## Characters
### Main characters

* Kenny - A kind-hearted, generous young man. His dream is to become a musician through his own ability. Played by Kenny Kwan.
* Steven - A childish yet carefree and wealthy young man. He gave up his wealthy life to pursue his dream of becoming an international basketball player. Played by Steven Cheung.
* Monique - A wealthy and kind-hearted young woman. She falls in love with Kenny the first time they meet. Played by Mandy Chiang.
* Ho-Lam - A boyish and strong-willed young woman. She initially despised Steven for his wealth and ignorance the outside life, but changed her mind after she was moved by his attempts to win her heart. Played by Koey Wong.

### Recurring characters

* Master Ying - The owner of a sushi restaurant. He went to Japan at a young age to become a sushi chef, and now carries the nickname The Hand of the Sun. Played by Cheung Tat-Ming.
* Tina - A wealthy girl from Steven's past. She fell in love with Master Ying after tasting his food. Played by Gillian Chung.
* Stephanie - A beautiful girl from Steven and Kenny's past. She was a cheerleading leader when she was in high school. Both boys tried to win over, but she stayed with her boyfriend "O.K." and moved to America after graduation, but came back after O.K. broke her heart. Played by Yumiko Cheng.
* Ricky - Kenny and Steven's co-worker.
* Martin - Kenny and Steven's co-worker. Played by Deep Ng.
* Mui Tao - Steven's butler.
* Money, Kenny's sister
* Kenny's brother
* Steven's father - Played by Dennis Chan.
* Monique's Aunt - Played by Josie Ho.

### Guest characters

* Lau Cheung Fat - A 30-year-old man whom Kenny and Steven met when they fell into the ocean and woke up in his island. Played by Eason Chan.
* Kimmy - Played by Kristy Yeung.
* Kammy
* Big Brother Chong, Steven's brother
* Ah Ho - Played by David Lee.
* Ah Fan - Played by Maggie Lau.
* OK - Played by Zack Koo.
* Princess Long-Long - Played by Charlene Choi.
* This Hong Kong television article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# But Beautiful: A Book About Jazz

But Beautiful is a book about jazz and jazz musicians by Geoff Dyer. First published in 1991, it is the first of Dyer's so-called "genre-defying" works.

## Summary

Like Michael Ondaatje's Coming Through Slaughter, But Beautiful takes a fictionalised look at jazz. Divided into seven sections each covering a different legendary jazz figure, it uses historical details, photographs and music to paint the self-destruction and inspiration behind genius. Short vignettes of Duke Ellington and Harry Carney's famous between-gig road trips are interspersed throughout. It concludes with a seven-part analysis of jazz styles and influences that reads more like conventional music criticism.

## Reception

The book is one of Dyer's most acclaimed works. Pianist Keith Jarrett said it was:
    "The only book about jazz that I have recommended to my friends. It is a little gem with the distinction of being 'about' jazz rather than 'on' jazz. If closeness to the material determines a great solo, Mr. Dyer's book is one."
In The New York Times Book Review, critic Ralph Blumenthal wrote, "Like the music he evokes so lyrically, Geoff Dyer's But Beautiful, a quasi-biographical critique of nine jazz legends, relies heavily on improvisation. You don't have to be a jazz buff to savor this book—but you may be one when you're done." In The New York Times, critic Richard Bernstein discussed the book's "electrifying, typically gemlike passages of criticism," and called the work, "marvelously lyrical."

## Awards

The book was one of the winners of a 1992 Somerset Maugham Award.

## Cultural references

"But Beautiful" is also the name of a jazz composition by Johnny Burke and Jimmy Van Heusen and was recorded by two of the book's subjects (Ben Webster and Art Pepper), as well as such notables as Nancy Wilson, Bill Evans, Frank Sinatra and Freddie Hubbard.

## Jazz musicians covered

* Duke Ellington and Harry Carney
* Lester Young
* Thelonious Monk
* Bud Powell
* Ben Webster
* Chet Baker
* Art Pepper
* Charles Mingus
# Copelatus indicus

Copelatus indicus is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Copelatus in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by Sharp in 1882.
# AVV (disambiguation)

AVV is the IATA code for Avalon Airport.
AVV may also refer to:
* avv, the ISO 639-code for Avá-Canoeiro language
* Augsburger Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund, the transit authority of the city of Augsburg
* Annemiek van Vleuten, a Dutch professional road racing cyclist
# Agabus melanarius

Agabus melanarius is a species of beetle endemic to Europe, where it is only found in Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Great Britain, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, mainland Denmark, Estonia, Finland, mainland France, Germany, Hungary, mainland Italy, Kaliningrad, Lithuania, Luxembourg, mainland Norway, Poland, Russia except in the East, Sardinia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Ukraine and Yugoslavia.
# Christian Warobay

Marthen Christian Warobay (born 12 July 1984) is an Indonesian former footballer who plays as a defender.

## International career

In 2007, he played to represent the Indonesia U-23, in 2007 SEA Games.

## Honours
### Club honors
#### Persipura Jayapura

* Liga Indonesia Premier Division (1): 2005

#### Sriwijaya

* Liga Indonesia Premier Division (1): 2007–08
* Copa Indonesia/Piala Indonesia (3): 2007–08, 2008–09, 2010

### Individual honors

* Liga Indonesia Premier Division Best Player (1): 2005
# Derek Hill

Derek Hill may refer to:
* Derek Ingram Hill (1912–2003), English Anglican priest
* Derek Hill (painter) (1916–2000), English portrait and landscape painter
* Derek Hill (racing driver) (born 1975), American racing driver
* Derek R. Hill (active 1993 and after), American production designer
* Derek Hill (American football) (born 1967), American football player
* Derek Hill (baseball) (born 1995), American baseball player
# Alexander Palmer (Australian politician)

Alexander Stenson Palmer (c.1825 – 8 December 1901) was a banker and politician in colonial Australia, a member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly.
Palmer was born in London, England, the son of Frederick Palmer (of the East India Company) and Mary Eliza, nee Wood.
Palmer arrived in Tasmania (then called Van Diemen's Land) as a boy in 1838, and joining the Bank of Australasia was promoted to the branch in Adelaide. In 1848, gold having been found in the Sierra Nevada, Palmer headed there and mined with varied success. Gold having been discovered in Australia in 1850 Palmer started to return. The vessel in which he sailed was wrecked on an uninhabited island, where he was compelled to remain for some months, until rescued by a chance passing vessel. In 1854 he started business in Castlemaine, Victoria, and was returned member for Castlemaine Boroughs in the inaugural Victorian Legislative Assembly. Palmer resigned his seat in July 1857; he unsuccessfully stood for Castlemaine Boroughs again in 1858, and Maryborough 1861.
In 1860 Palmer re-entered the service of the Bank of Australasia and became manager at Sale, Victoria. Palmer married Susan Georgina Marianne Fereday in George Town, Tasmania in 1861. He was a brother-in-law of Judge William Henry Gaunt (1830 - 1905), father of Guy Gaunt. Palmer died in St Kilda, Victoria, Australia on 8 December 1901.
# Brian Chikwava

Brian Chikwava is a Zimbabwean writer and musician. His short story "Seventh Street Alchemy" was awarded the 2004 Caine Prize for African writing in English; Chikwava became the first Zimbabwean to do so. He has been a Charles Pick fellow at the University of East Anglia, and lives in London. He continues to write in England and put out an album titled Jacaranda Skits.

## Background

Brian Chikwava was born in Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, in 1971. He went to boarding-school in Bulawayo, going on to study civil engineering at Bristol University. He settled in London in 2004.

## Writing

Chikwava won the fifth Caine Prize for African Writing in 2004 with his short story "Seventh Street Alchemy" (which was published in Writing Still, Weaver Press, Harare, 2003), the first Zimbabwean to win the prize. Making the award, the chair of the judges, Alvaro Ribeiro, described the story as: "A very strong narrative in which Brian Chikwava of Zimbabwe claims the English language as his own, and English with African characteristics.... A triumph for the long tradition of Zimbabwe writing in the face of Zimbabwe’s uncertain future!"
His first novel Harare North was published in 2009 through Jonathan Cape. Reviews were generally positive, with Mary Fitzgerald of the New Statesman writing that "in bringing to life the plight of those often marginalised by mainstream society, [Chikwava] has opened up a bleak, yet urgently important, social landscape". She also praises his "wit and suggestiveness", something that Tod Wodicka, author of All Shall Be Well, agrees with, writing that "page by page, line by line, [Chikwava] has created a perfectly original and true narrative voice...full of surprises, delicious little tics, and real fire-in-the-belly creativity...but importantly, the voice comes off as effortless, and therefore true… it’s a major accomplishment".
Trevor Lewis of The Sunday Times wrote that "Chikwava has created a compelling protagonist, whose back-to-front English and spiky argot throw up sly, acidly comic observations", while Margaret Busby wrote in The Independent: "Chikwava has the talent to find lightness and comedy in the darkest desperation, drawing humour even out of wretchedness...occasionally among novelists one comes across a voice so distinctive...that it grips in an unforgettable way. For me, Chikwava looks set to be in that category. From first page to last, the vernacular narrative of Harare North is arresting, haunting, exciting, funny."
Speaking about Zimbabwe and the reception he believed his book would receive, Chikwava said: "the Zimbabwe I knew no longer exists. The book will be published there but no one will buy it. No one buys books now. They are no longer a priority".
He also took part in the Bush Theatre's 2011 project Sixty Six Books for which he wrote a piece based upon a book of the King James Bible
# Breta Luther Griem

Breta Luther Griem (May 19, 1897 – April 5, 1980) was an American dietitian and cookbook author, based in Wisconsin. From 1949 to 1962, Griem hosted What's New in the Kitchen, a local television program broadcast in Milwaukee. She was president of the Wisconsin Dietetics Association, and the Wisconsin Women's Press Club.

## Early life and education

Breta Luther was born in Kalkaska, Michigan, the daughter of Ernest Leonard Luther and Mary Eddy Luther. Her father was a professor of agriculture at the University of Wisconsin's extension program. She graduated from Rhinelander High School in 1915, and from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1918.

## Career

Griem worked as a hospital dietitian in Boston and Chicago early in her career. She was active in the leadership of the American Dietetics Association in the 1920s. In 1924, she was named chair of the home economics department of the Wisconsin Federation of Women's Clubs. She was director of home service for the Gridley Dairy Company of Milwaukee for several years. She was president of the Wisconsin Dietetic Association and of the Milwaukee Dietetic Association. She was also superintendent of food concessions at the Wisconsin State Fair, and an honorary member of the Wisconsin Restaurant Association.
Griem wrote about food topics for the Milwaukee Journal, and had a column in the Wisconsin Restaurateur trade magazine. She was editor of Wisconsin Dietitian from 1946 to 1958. From 1949 to 1962, she hosted a local cooking show, What's New in the Kitchen, "one of the station's most popular programs", seen in WTMJ-TV. She was Delta Zeta Woman of the Year in 1952. In 1953 she traveled to Italy to study Italian cuisine. In 1954, she was elected president of the Wisconsin Women's Press Club. In 1955, she was honored by the Milwaukee Dairy Council.
Griem was a member of the Wisconsin Home Economics Council and the American Red Cross chapter in Milwaukee County.

## Publications

* The Best from Midwest Kitchens (1946, with Ada B. Lothe and Ethel M. Keating)
* 365 High Profit Luncheon Menus

## Personal life and legacy

Luther married Milton E. Griem in 1923. They had two children, Melvin and Margaret. Her husband, a research chemist, died in 1964, and she died in 1980, at the age of 82, in Milwaukee. There is a large collection of her recipes in the archives of the Milwaukee Public Library.
# Erskine, South Australia

Erskine is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia located about 250 kilometres (160 mi) north of the state capital of Adelaide and about 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-east of the municipal seat in Orroroo.
Its boundaries were created on 16 December 1999 for the “long established name” and includes the site of the now-ceased Government Town of Dawlish. Its name is derived from the cadastral unit of the Hundred of Erskine which it shares with the locality of Orroroo and which was named after William West-Erskine, a former member of the South Australian Parliament.
Land use within the locality is ’primary production’ and is concerned with “agricultural production and the grazing of stock on relatively large holdings.” Some land in its south has been gazetted as a protected area known as the Black Rock Conservation Park.
Erskine is located within the federal division of Grey, the state electoral district of Stuart and the local government area of the District Council of Orroroo Carrieton.