# List of participants in the Evolving Genes and Proteins symposium

This is a list of scientists who participated in the 1964 Evolving Genes and Proteins symposium, a landmark event in the history of molecular evolution. The symposium, supported by the National Science Foundation, took place on September 17 and September 18, 1964 at the Institute of Microbiology of Rutgers University. A summary of the proceedings was published in Science, and the full proceedings were edited by Vernon Bryson and Henry J. Vogel and published in 1965.
| Name | Institution | Contributions to proceedings |
| Philip H. Abelson | Carnegie Institution of Washington | Part V, Evolution of Proteins III: Chairman |
| Samuel Ajl | Albert Einstein Medical Center | (none) |
| Alberta M. Albrecht | Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research | (none) |
| R. E. Alston | University of Texas at Austin | (none) |
| Thomas F. Anderson | Institute for Cancer Research | (none) |
| Christian B. Anfinsen | National Institutes of Health | Part III, Evolution of Proteins I: Chairman |
| Peter M. Arnow | Squibb Institute for Medical Research | (none) |
| Robert Austrian | University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine | (none) |
| Charlotte J. Avers | Douglass College (Rutgers University) | (none) |
| Donald F. Bacon | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Raymond C. Bard | University of Kentucky Medical Center | (none) |
| S. S. Barkulis | Ciba Pharmaceutical Products | (none) |
| Raymond W. Barratt | Dartmouth College | (none) |
| Robert H. Bassin | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Simon Baumberg | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Ekkehard Bautz | Rutgers University | Part VII, Evolution of Genes I: "Evolutionary Aspects of the Distribution of Nucleotides in DNA and in RNA" |
| Friedlinde A. Bautz | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Benjamin Becker | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Aaron Bendich | Cornell University, Sloan-Kettering Institute | (none) |
| John Bennett | University of Pennsylvania | (none) |
| Konrad Bloch | Harvard University | Part II, Evolution of Pathways II: "Lipid Patterns in the Evolution of Organisms" |
| Harold F. Blum | Princeton University | (none) |
| Werner Bode | Kansas State University | (none) |
| F. J. Bollum | Oak Ridge National Laboratory | (none) |
| Ellis T. Bolton | Carnegie Institution of Washington | Part IX, Evolution of Genes III: "The Evolution of Polynucleotides" |
| Ellen Borenfreund | Cornell University, Sloan-Kettering Institute | (none) |
| Alan A. Boyden | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Werner Braun | Rutgers University | Part VIII, Evolution of Genes II: Chairman |
| G. Braunitzer | Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry | Part III, Evolution of Proteins I: "Constancy and Variability of Protein Structure in Respiratory and Viral Proteins" |
| Bernard Briody | New Jersey College of Medicine and Dentistry | (none) |
| Roy J. Britten | Carnegie Institution of Washington | (none) |
| William E. Brown | E. R. Squibb and Sons | (none) |
| Carl W. Bruch | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | (none) |
| Vernon Bryson | Rutgers University | Editor |
| John Buettner-Janusch | Yale University | Part III, Evolution of Proteins I: "Evolution of Hemoglobin in Primates" |
| Vina Buettner-Janusch | Yale University | (none) |
| J. Paul Burnett | Lilly Research Laboratories | (none) |
| Melvin Calvin | University of California, Berkeley | Part IX, Evolution of Genes III: "Molecular Regulation and Its Possible Evolutionary Significance" |
| Guy R. Carta | Rutgers University | (none) |
| William Charney | Schering Corporation | (none) |
| F. Chytil | Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences | (none) |
| Vincent P. Cirillo | State University of New York | (none) |
| John Clegg | Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine | (none) |
| Edward P. Cohen | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Seymour S. Cohen | University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine | (none) |
| James C. Copeland | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Maria E. Cora-Figueroa | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Eileen Corey | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Arthur Cronquist | New York Botanical Garden | (none) |
| Patricia Danielson | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Prasanta Datta | Washington University in St. Louis | (none) |
| Frank F. Davis | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Rowland H. Davis | University of Michigan | (none) |
| A. Gib DeBusk | Florida State University | (none) |
| M. DeLuca | Johns Hopkins University | Part V, Evolution of Proteins III: "Enzyme Catalysis and Color of Light in Bioluminescent Reactions" |
| Arnold L. Demain | Merck, Sharp and Dohme | (none) |
| M. Demerec | Brookhaven National Laboratory | Part IX, Evolution of Genes III: "Homology and Divergence in Genetic Material of Salmonella typhimurium" |
| J. A. DeMoss | University of California, San Diego | Part V, Evolution of Proteins III: "The Evolution of an Enzyme" |
| Theodor Dishon | Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School | (none) |
| Richard Donovick | Squibb Institute for Medical Research | (none) |
| Paul Doty | Harvard University | Part VII, Evolution of Genes I: Chairman |
| C. O. Doudney | Texas Medical Center | (none) |
| H. W. Dougherty | Duke University Medical Center | Part IV, Evolution of Proteins II: "Comparative Aspects of the Structure and Function of Phosphoglucomutase" |
| David Durant | University of Miami | (none) |
| James D. Dutcher | Squibb Institute for Medical Research | (none) |
| Harry Eagle | Albert Einstein College of Medicine | (none) |
| Lillian Ellis | Douglass College (Rutgers University) | (none) |
| Micheline Federman | Douglass College (Rutgers University) | (none) |
| Michael Filosa | Rutgers University | (none) |
| William Firshein | Wesleyan University | (none) |
| Martin Flavin | National Institutes of Health | (none) |
| A. Fowler | Albert Einstein College of Medicine | (none) |
| Sidney W. Fox | University of Miami | Part V, Evolution of Proteins III: "Experiments Suggesting Evolution to Protein" |
| Ernst Freese | National Institutes of Health | Part V, Evolution of Proteins III: "The Role of Mutations in Evolution" |
| Jaques Fresco | Princeton University | (none) |
| George Fukui | Wallace Laboratories | (none) |
| Ethel A. Garcia | Rutgers University | (none) |
| M. Georgiadas | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Nancy Gerber | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Howard Gest | Washington University in St. Louis | (none) |
| Norman H. Giles | Yale University | (none) |
| Hazel B. Gillespie | Douglass College (Rutgers University) | (none) |
| Robert E. Gillis | New Jersey College of Medicine and Dentistry | (none) |
| Charles Gilvarg | Princeton University | (none) |
| C. D. Goldthwaite | Albert Einstein College of Medicine | Part VII, Evolution of Genes I: "Nature of Bacteriophages Induced in Bacillus subtilis" |
| S. Granick | Rockefeller Institute | Part II, Evolution of Pathways II: "Evolution of Heme and Chlorophyll" |
| Sarah F. Grappel | Rutgers University | (none) |
| James W. Green | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Irwin C. Gunsalus | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | (none) |
| Helene N. Guttman | New York University | (none) |
| K. Hanabusa | Duke University Medical Center | Part IV, Evolution of Proteins II: "Comparative Aspects of the Structure and Function of Phosphoglucomutase" |
| Philip Handler | Duke University School of Medicine | Part IV, Evolution of Proteins II: "Comparative Aspects of the Structure and Function of Phosphoglucomutase" |
| P. Edgar Hare | Carnegie Institution of Washington | (none) |
| Henry Harris | University of Oxford | Part VIII, Evolution of Genes II: "The Short-Lived RNA in the Cell Nucleus and its Possible Role in Evolution" |
| Hyman Hartman | University of California, San Diego | (none) |
| Philip E. Hartman | Johns Hopkins University | (none) |
| T. Hashimoto | Duke University Medical Center | Part IV, Evolution of Proteins II: "Comparative Aspects of the Structure and Function of Phosphoglucomutase" |
| Maureen A. Hechtel | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Michael Heidelberger | New York University Medical School | (none) |
| Donald R. Helinski | Princeton University | (none) |
| David Hendlin | Merch, Sharp and Dohme | (none) |
| David Henley | Princeton University | (none) |
| Dorothy Henneman | Squibb Institute for Medical Research | (none) |
| Robert L. Hill | Duke University School of Medicine | Part III, Evolution of Proteins I: "Evolution of Hemoglobin in Primates" |
| Norman H. Horowitz | California Institute of Technology | Part I, Evolution of Pathways I: "The Evolution of Biochemical Syntheses—Retrospect and Prospect" |
| Rollin D. Hotchkiss | Rockefeller Institute | Part IX, Evolution of Genes III: Chairman |
| Riley D. Housewright | U.S. Army Biological Laboratories | (none) |
| Bill H. Hoyer | National Institutes of Health | Part IX, Evolution of Genes III: "The Evolution of Polynucleotides" |
| Dorris J. Hutchison | Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research | (none) |
| John Inman | Johns Hopkins School of Medicine | (none) |
| Robert K. Jennings | Office of Naval Research | (none) |
| James A. Johnston | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Evan E. Jones | Rutgers University | (none) |
| J. G. Joshi | Duke University Medical Center | Part IV, Evolution of Proteins II: "Comparative Aspects of the Structure and Function of Phosphoglucomutase" |
| Thomas H. Jukes | University of California, Berkeley | (none) |
| Elvin Kabat | Columbia University | (none) |
| George Kalf | New Jersey College of Medicine and Dentistry | (none) |
| Nathan O. Kaplan | Brandeis University | Part IV, Evolution of Proteins II: "Evolution of Dehydrogenases" |
| Walter Kauzmann | Princeton University | (none) |
| R. W. I. Kessel | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Klaus Kieslich | Schering AG | (none) |
| G. Barrie Kitto | Brandeis University | (none) |
| Deana T. Klein | Albert Einstein College of Medicine | (none) |
| Bernard W. Koft | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Arthur Kornberg | Stanford University | Part VII, Evolution of Genes I: "Synthesis of DNA-Like Polymers de novo or by Reiterative Replication" |
| Kenneth Kraemer | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Lester O. Krampitz | Western Reserve University | (none) |
| Aleksandra Kuchayeva | Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the U. S. S. R. | (none) |
| Carl Lamanna | Army Research Office | (none) |
| J. Oliver Lampen | Rutgers University | Introductory Remarks |
| Otto Landman | Georgetown University | (none) |
| Asger F. Langlykke | Squibb Institute for Medical Research | (none) |
| Allen I. Laskin | Squibb Institute for Medical Research | (none) |
| James H. Leathem | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Hubert A. Lechevalier | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Mary P. Lechevalier | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Peter Lengyel | New York University School of Medicine | (none) |
| R. Levere | Rockefeller Institute | (none) |
| Herman W. Lewis | National Science Foundation | (none) |
| A. Lindenmayer | Queens College | (none) |
| Laura R. Livingston | Yale University | (none) |
| S. E. Luria | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Part V, Evolution of Proteins III: "On the Evolution of the Lactose Utilization Gene System in Enteric Bacteria" |
| Emanuel Margoliash | Abbott Laboratories | Part IV, Evolution of Proteins II: "Structural and Functional Aspects of Cytochrome c in Relation to Evolution" |
| Paul Margolin | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory | (none) |
| Julius Marmur | Albert Einstein College of Medicine | Part VII, Evolution of Genes I: "Nature of Bacteriophages Induced in Bacillus subtilis" |
| William J. Marsheck, Jr. | Rutgers University | (none) |
| R. E. Maxwell | Parke-Davis Research Laboratories | (none) |
| Ernst Mayr | Harvard University | (none) |
| Brian McAuslan | Princeton University | (none) |
| Brian J. McCarthy | University of Washington | Part IX, Evolution of Genes III: "The Evolution of Polynucleotides" |
| Lloyd E. McDaniel | Rutgers University | (none) |
| William D. McElroy | Johns Hopkins University | Part V, Evolution of Proteins III: "Enzyme Catalysis and Color of Light in Bioluminescent Reactions" |
| William L. McLellan, Jr. | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Mira Menon | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Stanley E. Mills | University of California, San Diego | Part V, Evolution of Proteins III: "The Evolution of an Enzyme" |
| Vivian Moses | University of California, Berkeley | Part IX, Evolution of Genes III: "Molecular Regulation and Its Possible Evolutionary Significance" |
| Steven Nagy | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Masayasu Nakano | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Alvin Nason | Johns Hopkins University | (none) |
| Daniel Nathans | Johns Hopkins School of Medicine | (none) |
| Aubrey W. Naylor | Duke University | (none) |
| Martin Nemer | Institute for Cancer Research | (none) |
| Norbert P. Neumann | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Walter J. Nickerson | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Jorge Ortigoza-Ferado | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Nozomu Otsuji | Yale University | (none) |
| Nicholas C. Palczuk | Rutgers University | (none) |
| A. M. Pappenheimer, Jr. | Harvard University | (none) |
| Linus Pauling | California Institute of Technology | Part III, Evolution of Proteins I: "Evolutionary Divergence and Convergence in Proteins" |
| Jacques J. Pène | Albert Einstein College of Medicine | (none) |
| D. Perlman | Squibb Institute for Medical Research | (none) |
| Robert Perry | Institute for Cancer Research | (none) |
| Roman J. Pienta | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Otto J. Plescia | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Cyril Ponnamperuma | NASA Ames Research Center | (none) |
| Van Rensselaer Potter | University of Wisconsin Medical School | (none) |
| David Pramer | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Carl A. Price | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Martha W. Rancourt | Douglass College (Rutgers University) | (none) |
| C. V. N. Rao | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Eugene E. Reilly | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Alexander Rich | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Part VIII, Evolution of Genes II: "Evolutionary Problems in the Synthesis of Proteins" |
| L. Rinaldini | University of Cordoba | (none) |
| Richard B. Roberts | Carnegie Institution of Washington | Part IX, Evolution of Genes III: "The Evolution of Polynucleotides" |
| Palmer Rogers | University of Minnesota | (none) |
| Harriet Rouse | Rutgers Medical School | (none) |
| George Rudkin | Institute for Cancer Research | (none) |
| William J. Rutter | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | Part IV, Evolution of Proteins II: "Enzymatic Homology and Analogy in Phylogeny" |
| Ruth Sager | Columbia University | Part IX, Evolution of Genes III: "On the Evolution of Genetic Systems" |
| Stanley Salthe | Brandeis University | (none) |
| K. E. Sanderson | Brookhaven National Laboratory | (none) |
| Melvin Santer | Haverford College | (none) |
| Ursula Santer | Haverford College | (none) |
| Grady F. Saunders | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | (none) |
| Priscilla Saunders | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | (none) |
| Barbara Scher | Albert Einstein College of Medicine | (none) |
| William I. Scher, Jr. | Rockefeller Institute | (none) |
| R. Walter Schlesinger | Rutgers Medical School | (none) |
| Jack Schultz | Institute for Cancer Research | (none) |
| Stanley A. Schwartz | Rutgers University | (none) |
| H. H. Seliger | Johns Hopkins University | Part V, Evolution of Proteins III: "Enzyme Catalysis and Color of Light in Bioluminescent Reactions" |
| M. Shilo | Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School | (none) |
| Yoshiro Shimura | Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine | (none) |
| Gerald D. Shockman | Temple University School of Medicine | (none) |
| Gilbert Shull | E. R. Squibb and Sons | (none) |
| Eli C. Siegel | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Philip Siekevitz | Rockefeller Institute | (none) |
| Melvin V. Simpson | Dartmouth Medical School | (none) |
| Emil L. Smith | UCLA School of Medicine | Part IV, Evolution of Proteins II: Chairman; "Structural and Functional Aspects of Cytochrome c in Relation to Evolution" |
| Lucile Smith | Dartmouth Medical School | (none) |
| J. F. Snell | Ohio State University | (none) |
| Tracy M. Sonneborn | Indiana University | Part VI, Evening Lecture: "Degeneracy of the Genetic Code: Extent, Nature, and Genetic Implications" |
| Lee M. Spetner | Johns Hopkins University | (none) |
| Joseph F. Speyer | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory | (none) |
| Sol Spiegelman | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | Part IX, Evolution of Genes III: "The Relation of Ribosomal RNA to the Genome" |
| David B. Sprinson | Columbia University | (none) |
| DeWitt Stetten, Jr. | Rutgers Medical School | (none) |
| Marjorie R. Stetten | Rutgers Medical School | (none) |
| Thomas M. Stevens | Rutgers Medical School | (none) |
| Elliott H. Stonehill | Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research | (none) |
| T. Stoudt | Merck, Sharp and Dohme | (none) |
| Alice Strampp | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Murray Strassman | Albert Einstein Medical Center | (none) |
| David B. Straus | Princeton University | (none) |
| William A. Strohl | Rutgers Medical School | (none) |
| David H. Strumeyer | Rutgers University | (none) |
| T. V. Subbaiah | Albert Einstein College of Medicine | Part VII, Evolution of Genes I: "Nature of Bacteriophages Induced in Bacillus subtilis" |
| Noboru Sueoka | Princeton University | Part VIII, Evolution of Genes II: "On the Evolution of Informational Macromolecules" |
| Sigmund R. Suskind | Johns Hopkins University | (none) |
| H. E. Swartz | Rutgers University | (none) |
| E. Bland Symington | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Sara Szuchet | Princeton University | (none) |
| Katsuhiko Tago | Rutgers University | (none) |
| David W. Talmage | University of Colorado School of Medicine | (none) |
| E. L. Tatum | Rockefeller Institute | Opening Address: "Evolution and Molecular Biology" |
| S. R. Taub | Princeton University | (none) |
| M. Wright Taylor | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Kenneth V. Thimann | Harvard University | Part I, Evolution of Pathways I: Chairman |
| Charles A. Thomas | Johns Hopkins University | (none) |
| Wayne W. Umbreit | Rutgers University | (none) |
| Leon Unger | Rutgers University | (none) |
| C. B. van Niel | Hopkins Marine Station, Hadassah Medical School | Part II, Evolution of Pathways II: Chairman |
| Henry J. Vogel | Rutgers University | Editor; Part I, Evolution of Pathways I: "Lysine Biosynthesis and Evolution" |
| Ruth H. Vogel | Rutgers University | (none) |
| John M. Ward | National Science Foundation | (none) |
| Jonathan R. Warner | Albert Einstein College of Medicine | (none) |
| Eva L. Weinreb | New York University | (none) |
| Charles Weissmann | New York University School of Medicine | (none) |
| David White | NASA Ames Research Center | (none) |
| Curtis A. Williams | Rockefeller Institute | (none) |
| Oskar Wintersteiner | Squibb Institute for Medical Research | (none) |
| H. Boyd Woodruff | Merck, Sharp and Dohme | (none) |
| Barbara Kalckar Wright | Massachusetts General Hospital | (none) |
| Tetsuo Yamane | Princeton University | (none) |
| Saul A. Yankofsky | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | Part IX, Evolution of Genes III: "The Relation of Ribosomal RNA to the Genome" |
| Charles Yanofsky | Stanford University | (none) |
| Martynas Yčas | State University of New York | (none) |
| Akira Yoshida | National Institutes of Health | Part V, Evolution of Proteins III: "The Role of Mutations in Evolution" |
| Emile Zuckerkandl | Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Colloidale | Part III, Evolution of Proteins I: "Evolutionary Divergence and Convergence in Proteins" |