OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of English copulae

This is a non-exhaustive list of copulae in the English language, i.e. words used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate (a subject complement).
Because many of these copulative verbs may be used non-copulatively, examples are provided. Also, there can be other copulative verbs depending on the context and the meaning of the specific verb used. Therefore, this list is not an exhaustive one.
* act "Tom acted suspicious."
* appear "Tom appears satisfied, but really is not."
* be "Tom is a coward."
* become (inchoative) "Tom became wealthy."
* call in "Tom called in sick."
* come "The prediction came true;" "the belt came loose;" "the characters in the story come alive"
* come out "It came out burnt."
* constitute "Verbs constitute one of the main word classes in the English language"
* die "He died poor."
* eat "Tom eats healthy."
* emerge "Tom emerged unharmed after the incident."
* end up "I ended up broke;" "the room ended up a mess."
* equal "Two plus two equals four."
* get (inchoative) "Tom got angry."
* go "The man went crazy;" "Tom went bald;" "the food went bad;" "the mistake went unnoticed"
* grow (inchoative) "Tom grew insistent."
* fall "Tom fell ill with the flu."
* feel "Tom felt nauseated."
* freeze "The lake froze solid."
* keep "Tom kept quiet."
* lean "This area leans conservative."
* look "Tom looks upset."
* play "The possum played dead."
* prove "Tom's behavior proves difficult to understand."
* remain "Tom remained unsatisfied."
* run "Protectionist impulses run far too strong on Capitol Hill" (New York Times)
* seem "Tom seems happy."
* shine "Her smile shines bright."
* smell "Tom smelled sweet"
* sound "Tom sounded obnoxious."
* stay "Tom stayed happy."
* take "Tom took ill."
* taste "The food tastes fresh."
* turn (inchoative) "Tom turned angry."
* turn up "Tom turned up missing."
* wax (inchoative) "Tom waxed lyrical."
# Once in a Lifetime (Keith Urban song)

"Once in a Lifetime" is a song co-written and recorded by Australian country music artist Keith Urban. It was released in August 2006 as the first single from his 2006 album Love, Pain & the Whole Crazy Thing. Urban wrote this song with John Shanks.
On the US Billboard Hot Country Songs chart dated for the week of 2 September 2006, the song entered at No. 17, setting what was then a new record for the highest-debuting song in the history of the modern country music charts. The previous record was held by Eddie Rabbitt's "Every Which Way But Loose" and Garth Brooks' "Good Ride Cowboy", both of which debuted at #18 (in 1979 and 2005, respectively).

## Track listing

Australian CD single
* "Once in a Lifetime" – 4:17
* ""Days Go By" (live) – 3:48
* "You'll Think of Me" (Jeremy Wheatley Mix) – 3:53
* "You're My Better Half" (live) – 4:05

## Personnel

As listed in liner notes.
* Keith Urban – lead and backing vocals, lead guitar, acoustic guitar, ganjo, EBow, piano
* Tom Bukovac – rhythm guitar
* Larry Corbett – cello
* Eric Darken – percussion
* Rami Jaffee – Hammond B-3 organ
* Tim Lauer – synthesizer
* Chris McHugh – drums, drum machine programming
* Jimmie Lee Sloas – bass guitar
* David Stone – upright bass
* Russell Terrell – background vocals

## Charts
### Weekly charts

Weekly chart performance for "Once in a Lifetime" :
| Chart (2006) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 18 |
| Canada Country (Billboard) | 1 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 92 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 31 |
| US Adult Contemporary (Billboard) | 26 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 6 |

### Year-end charts

Year-end chart performance for "Once in a Lifetime" :
| Chart (2006) | Position |
| US Country Songs (Billboard) | 40 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Clan MacAlister of Antrim

Clan MacAlister of Antrim is an Irish clan and a branch of Clan MacAlister of Scotland. The clan was established as an Irish sept in Antrim in north-east Ulster, as gallóglaigh (galloglasses), in the service of the Lord of the Isles and Clan MacDonald of Dunnyveg.

## History

Serving as galloglass warriors fighting on behalf of the Lord of the Isles and Clan MacDonald of Dunnyveg, the clansmen were granted lands in Antrim. Kinbane Castle was given to Owen MacEoin Dubh MacAlister by Sorley Boy MacDonnell.
# Henk Oosterhuis

Hendrik (Henk) Oosterhuis was a Dutch trade unionist and politician who represented the Labour Party and its predecessor the Social Democratic Workers' Party. Originally from Groningen, Oosterhuis served in the Senate from 1946 until 1960 and held numerous positions within the labour movement, including Chair of the Dutch Confederation of Trade Unions (NVV) and President of the Trade Union Advisory Committee to the OECD (TUAC).
# Structural Adjustment Participatory Review International Network

The Structural Adjustment Participatory Review International Network (SAPRIN), based in Washington, D.C., United States and launched by the World Bank and its former president, James Wolfensohn in 1997, is a coalition of civil society organizations, their governments and the World Bank researching about structural adjustment programs and exploring new policies implemented by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank in developing countries.
The last SAPRI report was published in 2004.
# William J. Clench

William James Clench (24 October 1897 – 22 February 1984) was an American malacologist, professor at Harvard University and curator of the mollusk collection in the malacology department of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard.

## Early life

Clench was born in Brooklyn, but was largely raised in Massachusetts.
In 1913 he entered the Huntington School in Boston. While there, he often engaged in bug collecting, and would show his collections to Charles Willison Johnson at the Boston Society of Natural History.
Johnson introduced Clench to such men as William F. Clapp, who was the curator of mollusks at the Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ).

## Education

Clench received his undergraduate education at Michigan State College (now Michigan State University), graduating in 1921. He spent the summer studying mollusks on Sanibel Island and then began study at Harvard under William Morton Wheeler.
He received his master's degree in entomology in 1923.
He then went on to pursue his PhD at the University of Michigan, in Ann Arbor, in mollusk study, with a Hinsdale Fellowship. He finished his PhD work in 1953.

## Personal life

In 1924 Clench married Julia Helmich, a resident of East Lansing, Michigan whom he met while attending Michigan Agricultural College.
Their eldest son, Harry Kendon Clench (1925–1979), would become a well-known lepidopterist at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh.

## Career

Clench left Ann Arbor in 1925, to take a position at the Kent Scientific Museum. In 1926 he joined the Museum of Comparative Zoology, where he remained until 1966.
Much of Clench's work was done with Ruth D. Turner. Jointly they introduced about 70 new taxa, and the two of them (together and independently) introduced a total of approximately 500 new taxa.

## Species named in honor of Clench

A species of lizard, Sphaerodactylus clenchi, is named in honor of William J. Clench.
# Moon Jin-ju

Moon Jin-ju is a South Korean wrestler who participated at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore. She won the silver medal in the girls' freestyle 70 kg event, losing to Dorothy Yeats of Canada in the final.
# White book

White book may refer to:
* The German White Book claiming the causes of the 1914 war
* White paper, a type of official government publication
* The C Programming Language, by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie
* White Book of Rhydderch, manuscript of Welsh folklore
* White Book of Sarnen, a Swiss collection of medieval manuscripts
* White Book – German Occupation of Poland, an Extract of Note Addressed to The Allied and Neutral Powers
* White Book (CD standard), a standard for video compact discs.
* The Little White Book a short collection of creeds by Ben Klassen, founder of the Creativity sect
* White Booklet, alternative spelling list of the Dutch language
* The White Book, a 2016 Korean novel
# Cirrhilabrus wakanda

Cirrhilabrus wakanda, the vibranium fairy wrasse, is a species of fairy wrasse from mesophotic reefs at depths of 50–100 m (160–330 ft) in the western Indian Ocean off Tanzania and Mozambique. It was first collected off the coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania by scientists from the California Academy of Sciences. Its separation from the very similar C. rubrisquamis of the Chagos Islands needs confirmation.

## Etymology

The species is named after the fictional sovereign state Wakanda from Marvel Comics and the Marvel Cinematic Universe.

## Description

Based on a small number of measured specimens, C. wakanda is up to about 7 cm (2.8 in) in standard length. The body is moderately elongated and compressed. Males have yellow heads, with purple and blue bodies. Females and juveniles are very similar. Both sexes have a pair of prominent facial stripes above and below the orbit; and both sexes have notable purple scales and elements that persist and stain purple. A purple chain-link scale pattern is present, resembling the suit worn by the fictional superhero, Black Panther.

## Species comparison

In comparison with other closely related species in the genus, the mitochondrial DNA of Cirrhilabrus wakanda differs from C. rubrisquamis by 0.6%, from C. blatteus by 1.9%, and from C. sanguineus by 1.5%. Small genetic differences between closely related fairy wrasses are not unusual. A later review found that the "C. rubrisquamis" used for comparison were from the population found to be a separate species, C. finifenmaa, in 2022. Consequently, a detailed, direct comparison with true C. rubrisquamis is lacking, but their appearance is very similar and it is possible that C. wakanda is a junior synonym of C. rubrisquamis.
# Gezhouba Group

China Gezhouba Group Company Limited (Chinese: 中国葛洲坝集团股份有限公司) is a Chinese construction and engineering company based in Wuhan, Hubei. As of 2014, the company is the 33rd largest contractor by revenue in the world. The major shareholder of the company (40.8%) is state-owned China Gezhouba Group Corporation (CGGC, Chinese: 中国葛洲坝集团公司), which is in turn a subsidiary of the China Energy Engineering Corporation (Energy China).
Primarily engaged in contract construction of projects, Gezhouba operates in the areas of power plants, dams, roads, bridges and civil engineering in China and abroad. In other categories of business, Gezhouba has invested and constructed highways; developed real estate; generated hydropower; and manufactured cement and civil explosives.
The company has been very keen to expand overseas business with a stated goal of increasing international contracts to half of company revenue. Underlying the confident growth projections is a track record of picking up overseas contracts in hydroelectric engineering, the kind of work that accounts for most of Gezhouba's international portfolio. Overseas projects include a 4.97 billion yuan ($727.78 million) contract signed in 2010 with Kazakhstan Natural Gas Technology to establish a hydroelectric plan on the banks of the Chilik River in Kazakhstan. In November 2014, the firm was also chosen to a construct a 40 km portion of the Hazara Motorway in Pakistan.
# Structural Engineering Research Centre

CSIR-Structural Engineering Research Centre (CSIR-SERC), Chennai is one of the 38 constituent laboratories of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research in India. The institute is a certified ISO:9001 quality institute.

## Charter

CSIR-SERC is involved in research and development in the field of designing, construction and rehabilitation of structures. The institute provides services including design consultancy and proof checking to various public and private sector organizations.
Specialized courses for practicing engineers are also provided by the institute.

## Facilities

The institute has various laboratories, which are listed as follows.
* Advance Concrete Testing and Evaluation Lab
* Advance Materials Lab
* Advanced Seismic Testing and Research Lab
* Fatigue and Fracture Lab
* Special and Multifunctional Structures Lab
* Steel Structures Lab
* Structural Health Monitoring Lab
* Theoretical & Computational Mechanics Lab
* Tower Testing & Research Station
* Wind Engineering Lab
# William Henry Lambton

William Henry Lambton (1764–1797) was a British member of Parliament (MP) who represented the City of Durham in the House of Commons.

## Biography

He was the son of Major-General John Lambton, who preceded him as the MP for Durham, and the brother of Ralph John Lambton, who was also an MP for Durham. Lambton was educated at Wandsworth (1773–78), Eton College (1778-82) and Trinity College, Cambridge in 1782.
Lambton was a Freemason, and in 1788 was installed as the first Provincial Grand Master of Durham. The Durham cathedral organist, Thomas Ebdon, composed a march for the occasion.
He inherited the estates of his father in 1794 and engaged the Italian architect Joseph Bonomi the Elder (1739-1808) to build a new house in neo-classical style on the site of Harraton Hall, north of the River Wear. The new house would be called Lambton Hall and the original Lambton Hall on the south side of the river demolished. However, illness would prevent him from seeing the scheme finished.
He died of consumption on 30 November 1797, and was buried in the Old English cemetery in Livorno, Italy. In 1791, Lambton had married Anne Barbara Frances Villiers, the daughter of George Villiers, 4th Earl of Jersey. Their eldest son, John Lambton inherited aged 5 and was later made Earl of Durham . He would finalise the building of Lambton Hall, now expanded in scope and renamed Lambton Castle.
# Montgomery Bell Tunnel

The Montgomery Bell Tunnel, also known as the Pattison Forge Tunnel, which Bell called "Pattison Forge" (often spelled, incorrectly, "Patterson") after his mother's maiden name, is a historic water diversion tunnel in Harpeth River State Park in Cheatham County, Tennessee. Built in 1819, the 290-foot (88 m) long tunnel is believed to be the first full-size tunnel built in the United States, and is the first used to divert water for industrial purposes. It was designated a Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1981, and a National Historic Landmark in 1994.

## Description and history

The Montgomery Bell Tunnel is located in a unit of Harpeth River State Park, north of the town of Kingston Springs, Tennessee. In this area, the Harpeth River undergoes a series of meanders. In one of these, two parts of the river are quite close after a lengthy oxbow, known as the Narrows of the Harpeth. The tunnel runs roughly north-south across this isthmus. It is 290 feet (88 m) in length, and is dug entirely through limestone rock. Neither the tunnel nor its portals are lined in any way. The tunnel's profile shape is that of a rectangle topped by a segmented arch, and it is generally 8 feet (2.4 m) high and 15 feet (4.6 m) wide. The entrance portal is 12 feet (3.7 m) high and 35 feet (11 m) wide and the exit portal is 9.5 feet (2.9 m) high and 16 feet (4.9 m) wide. The tunnel has suffered some damage over the years due to erosive forces.
Montgomery Bell, an entrepreneur from Pennsylvania who was involved in iron foundries in central Tennessee, purchased the land in this area in 1818. Recognizing the potential to apply water power to the process of producing wrought iron, he directed the construction of this tunnel, which facilitates use of a 16-foot (4.9 m) drop in river height for power generation.
The tunnel is the first known example in the United States of a "full-scale" water diversion tunnel. It is also apparently the first "full-scale" tunnel of any type in the United States, its completion predating that of the Auburn Tunnel (1821) in Pennsylvania, whose construction was begun first. The tunnel is the only feature of Bell's iron works to survive; not surviving are a dam, head race, and the iron foundry itself, as well as Bell's house, which was built nearby.
During the 1930s, the land in this area was leased to the Boy Scouts of America for use as a summer camp. It was deeded to the state in 1978.
In the late evening, on September 2, 2011, a fire was lit in the tunnel. The amount of driftwood from 2010's flood in the tunnel enlarged the fire. The fire was eventually extinguished in the early hours of the morning. The tunnel, and the road passing over it, were damaged. It and the road were stabilized, however, and Montgomery Bell Tunnel is again safe.
# Wie

Wie or WIE may refer to:

## People

* Michelle Wie West (born 1989), American professional golfer
* Ole Petter Wie (born 1966), Norwegian businessman
* Virginia Van Wie (1909–1997), American amateur golfer

## Other uses

* Windows Internet Explorer, a web browser
* Wiesenhof–Felt, a cycling team
* Wik-Epa language, a Paman language spoken in Australia
# Clapstick (disambiguation)

A clapstick is an Australian Aboriginal musical instrument.
Clapstick may also refer to:
* Clapperboard, a device used in filmmaking and video production
* Clapper stick, a Native Californian musical instrument
# Lung Kwu Tan

Lung Kwu Tan (Chinese: 龍鼓灘) is an area located in the western part of the Tuen Mun District in Hong Kong.

## Geography

The area is located to the southwest of Castle Peak and consists of Lung Kwu Tan and Lung Kwu Sheung Tan. Lung Kwu Tan is a beach with black sand.

## Administration

Lung Kwu Tan Village is a recognized village under the New Territories Small House Policy. It is one of the 36 villages represented within the Tuen Mun Rural Committee. Lung Kwu Tan Village Representative Lau Wong-fat was the chairman of the Heung Yee Kuk in 1980–2015 and an influential figure in rural Hong Kong politics.

## History

Lung Kwu Tan Village has a history of a few hundred years.
In 2021, police in the area seized 10 speedboats and a record 57 engines, both used for illegal smuggling, in a 100,000 sqft warehouse belonging to a company owned by Kenneth Lau and his family.

## Features

Visitors attractions in Lung Kwu Tan include the local Tin Hau Temple at Pak Long (北朗) and Bogy's Rock. While Lung Kwu Tan is a place of primitive simplicity, the opening of privately run barbecue sites have always drawn crowds of holidaymakers. Rare, endangered Chinese white dolphins can be observed from shores.
The Lau Ancestral Hall in Tuk Mei Chung (篤尾涌) village, part of Lung Kwu Tan, is a Grade III historic building.

### The Emperor's Cave

It is said that Emperor Bing of Song (1271–1279) of the Southern Song dynasty went south as far as Lung Kwu Tan as he fled from the invading Mongols in the north. There is a cave at Lung Kwu Tan, which became known as the Emperor's Cave and is believed to be where Emperor Bing took refuge during his stay. During the period of Japanese occupation, the Dong Jiang guerrilla force made the cave one of its military bases to put up resistance against the Japanese.

## Transportation

The village is connected to the LRT via route Nos 610, 614, 615 and 507 which in turn connect to the Tuen Mun Ferry Pier stop via MTR Bus route No. K52.

## Education

Lung Kwu Tan is in Primary One Admission (POA) School Net 70. Within the school net are multiple aided schools (operated independently but funded with government money) and the following government schools: Tuen Mun Government Primary School (屯門官立小學).
# Suffield University

    The subject of this article should not be confused with Sheffield University (formally the University of Sheffield) or Suffolk University
Suffield University (sometimes referred to as Suffield College and University) is an unaccredited internet school specializing in what it calls Life Experience Degrees, issued upon payment, with life experience assessment based on the word of the applicant. Suffield is not accredited by any accreditation body recognized by its country. According to the US Department of Education, unaccredited degrees and credits might not be acceptable to employers or other institutions, and use of degree titles may be restricted or illegal in some jurisdictions.
Offering degrees for a fixed fee based on life experience is generally considered to be indicative of the institution being a diploma mill, and Suffield has been identified as such. In 2003, an article in The New Republic noted that in 2002 a fire department training commander had been "caught" with a degree in fire science from Suffield. The magazine described the university as a diploma mill "accredited" by "the bogus National Distance Learning Accreditation Council". In 2004 an Indiana state board denied a firefighter's request to use a Suffield degree as a job qualification, stating that the institution "apparently ... is not a college" but rather a body that provides a transcript in exchange for a fee. In 2004, one candidate's Suffield degree became an issue in the election campaign for mayor of South Milwaukee, Wisconsin, when the incumbent told voters that his opponent's master's degree came from an unaccredited school offering life experience degrees for $500.
In 2004 the Hartford Courant reported that state authorities in Connecticut had ordered Suffield to cease operations. The states of Oregon, Texas, and Maine have listed Suffield University as "operating illegally in Connecticut". As of January 2014, an institution calling itself Suffield University is using the website domain suffield-university.com, which does not identify a geographic location.
The person behind Suffield is also responsible for other unaccredited universities such as Redding University, Glendale University, Greenwood University and Bryson University.
# William Hastie (disambiguation)

William Hastie (1842–1903) was a Scottish clergyman and theologian.
William Hastie may also refer to:
* William Hastie (architect) (1763–1832), Russian architect of Scottish descent
* William H. Hastie (1904–1976), American politician and civil rights activist
* Will Hastie, musician featured in British jazz band Midnite Follies Orchestra
# Oliver Roome

Major-General Oliver McCrea Roome CBE (9 March 1921 – 8 November 2009) was a British Army officer.
He was the son of Maj. Gen. Sir Horace Roome.
# Townsendia rothrockii

Townsendia rothrockii is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Rothrock's Townsend daisy. It is endemic to Colorado in the United States, where there are 35 occurrences across thirteen counties. Reports of the plant from New Mexico are false.
This plant is a small perennial herb forming a dense rosette of thick leaves up to 3.5 centimeters long. It grows from a taproot and caudex. The flower heads are cup-shaped and up to 2.8 centimeters wide. The ray florets are blue to lilac in color and measure up to 1.6 centimeters in length. The center of the head contains yellow disc florets.
This plant grows in high-elevation habitat in the mountains of southwestern Colorado. It can be found in a number of habitat types in montane, subalpine and alpine climates, including fellfields, talus, meadows, ridges, passes, rock outcrops, and disturbed areas. Species associated with the plant include Abies lasiocarpa, Agrostis thurberiana, Anemone multifida, Draba nivalis var. exigua, Eritrichium aretioides, Festuca thurberi, Oreoxis alpina, Pinus ponderosa, Polemonium viscosum, Rydbergia grandiflora, Trifolium dasyphyllum, Trifolium nanum, and Valeriana capitata.