OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fred Wood (cyclist)

Fred Wood (1 March 1861 – 28 January 1935) was an English cyclist, one of the leading professional riders of the 1880s who became world penny farthing champion.

## Career

Born in Rushden, Northamptonshire, Wood was a keen cyclist as a teenager, and moved to Leicester around 1878 and joined Leicester Cycling Club to take advantage of better facilities and stronger competition. He won a string of championships in the 1880s over distances ranging from one mile to fifty miles and set several record times.
His success inspired N. Corah & Sons of Leicester to produce the 'Fred Wood Champion Suit' for cyclists in 1883.
In 1886 Wood competed in the United States, winning a one mile professional race and a five mile handicap at Roseville, New Jersey.
By 1887 Wood was the World Penny Farthing Champion, and visited Australia and New Zealand during 1887 and 1888; At Ballarat in November Wood won the professional championship, and in New Zealand he set a world mile record of 2 minutes 50.6 seconds.
Wood moved to South Shields in 1888 where he went into business, becoming a licensed victualler. He became a local councillor for St. Hilda Ward in 1914. He set up the catering company Messrs. Johnson and Wood with Thomas Henry Johnson.
In 1891 Wood toured Britain competing in events at various tracks.
On 26 January 1935, Wood suffered head injuries in a fall down cellar steps at the pub that he ran, The Mariner's Arms, and died two days later in the Ingham Infirmary aged 73; A coroner's inquest determined that the death was accidental.
# Fredrik Gustafsson (academic)

Fredrik Gustafsson (born 1964, in Krylbo) is a Swedish professor of sensor informatics at Linköping University.

## Background

Fredrik Gustafsson was born in Aneby, Sweden. In 1988 he obtained a Master of Science in Electrical Engineering and in 1992 a doctorate degree in automatic control, both at Linköping University. He was appointed professor of communication systems in 1999 and of sensor informatics in 2005 at Linköping University.
Gustafsson’s research interests are in stochastic signal processing, adaptive filtering and change detection, with applications to communication, vehicular, airborne and audio systems.
In 2004, he was awarded the Arnberg prize by the Royal Swedish Academy of Science (KVA), in 2007 he was elected member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences (IVA) and in 2011 he received an award from SAAB in the name of former CEO, Åke Svensson.
He is an associate editor for EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing and IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.
# Free Airlines

Free Airlines is an air operator out of N'Dolo Airport, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
The airline is on the list of air carriers banned in the European Union.

## Incidents

* June 21, 2007 Free Airlines Let-410 crash (Reg 9Q-CEU) with one fatality
* September 24, 2007 Karibu Airways Let-410 loss (Reg 9Q-CVL), departed from Lubumbashi Luano, crashed on landing at Malemba Nkulu with one fatality. Aircraft was operated by Free Airlines.
# French destroyer Bordelais

The French destroyer Bordelais was one of 14 L'Adroit-class destroyers built for the French Navy during the 1920s.

## Design and description

The L'Adroit class was a slightly enlarged and improved version of the preceding Bourrasque class. The ships had an overall length of 107.2 meters (351 ft 8 in), a beam of 9.9 meters (32 ft 6 in), and a draft of 3.5 meters (11 ft 6 in). The ships displaced 1,380 metric tons (1,360 long tons) at standard load and 2,000 metric tons (2,000 long tons) at deep load. They were powered by two geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by three du Temple boilers. The turbines were designed to produce 31,000 metric horsepower (22,800 kW; 30,576 shp), which would propel the ships at 33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph). The ships carried 386 metric tons (380 long tons) of fuel oil which gave them a range of 3,000 nautical miles (5,600 km; 3,500 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph).
The main armament of the L'Adroit-class ships consisted of four Canon de 130 mm Modèle 1924 guns in single mounts, one superfiring pair each fore and aft of the superstructure. Their anti-aircraft armament consisted of a pair of Canon de 37 mm Modèle 1925 guns. The ships carried two above-water triple sets of 550-millimeter (21.7 in) torpedo tubes. A pair of depth charge chutes were built into their stern; these housed a total of sixteen 200-kilogram (440 lb) depth charges. In addition two depth charge throwers were fitted for which six 100-kilogram (220 lb) depth charges were carried.

## Construction and career

Bordelais was laid down on 19 November 1926, launched on 23 May 1928 and completed on 8 April 1930.
After France surrendered to Germany in June 1940 during World War II, Bordelais served with the navy of Vichy France. She was among the ships of the French fleet scuttled at Toulon, France, on 27 November 1942.
# French destroyer Bourrasque

Bourrasque was a Bourrasque-class destroyer (torpilleur d'escadre) built for the French Navy during the 1920s.

## Design and description

The Bourrasque class had an overall length of 105.6 meters (346 ft 5 in), a beam of 9.7 meters (31 ft 10 in), and a draft of 3.5 meters (11 ft 6 in). The ships displaced 1,320 metric tons (1,300 long tons) at (standard) load and 1,825 metric tons (1,796 long tons) at deep load. They were powered by two geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by three du Temple boilers. The turbines were designed to produce 31,000 metric horsepower (22,800 kW; 30,576 shp), which would propel the ship at 33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph). The ships carried enough fuel oil to give them a range of 3,000 nautical miles (5,600 km; 3,500 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph).
The main armament of the Bourrasque-class ships consisted of four Canon de 130 mm (5.1 in) Modèle 1919 guns in shielded single mounts, one superfiring pair each fore and aft of the superstructure. Their anti-aircraft (AA) armament consisted of a single Canon de 75 mm (3 in) Modèle 1924 gun. The ships carried two triple mounts of 550-millimeter (21.7 in) torpedo tubes amidships. A pair of depth charge chutes were built into their stern that housed a total of sixteen 200-kilogram (440 lb) depth charges.

## Construction and career

Bourrasque was laid down on 12 November 1923, launched on 5 August 1925 and completed on 23 September 1926.
Bourrasque was sunk on 30 May 1940 during Operation Dynamo, with the loss of some 500 of the 1,100–1,200 troops and crew aboard.
# Cerophytum convexicolle

Cerophytum convexicolle is a species of rare click beetle in the family Cerophytidae. It is found in North America.
# Centre Chakhesang

A group of people residing in the centre part of Chakhesang are called Centre Chakhesang. It comprises seven villages, namely Porba, Sakraba, Gidemi, Pholami and Upper Khomi, Middle Khomi, Lower Khomi
| Information | |
| route | via pfutsero |
| districts | Phek |
| State | Nagaland |
| Country | India |
25°37′32.29″N 94°11′57.46″E﻿ / ﻿25.6256361°N 94.1992944°E﻿ / 25.6256361; 94.1992944
* This article about an Indian ethnicity or social group is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Cetichthys

Cetichthys is a genus of flabby whalefishes, which was first described in 1989 by John R. Paxton.

## Species

There are currently two recognized species in this genus:
* Cetichthys indagator (Rofen, 1959)
* Cetichthys parini Paxton, 1989
# Free Soul

Free Soul is the debut studio album by Canadian country music artist Madeline Merlo. It was released on April 29, 2016 via Open Road Recordings. The album includes the singles "Sinking Like a Stone", "Alive", "Honey Jack", "Whatcha Wanna Do About It", "War Paint", and "Over and Over". Upon release, the album debuted at number 88 on the Billboard Canadian Albums Chart. The album's fourth single, "Whatcha Wanna Do About It" earned Merlo her first top ten single on the Canadian country singles chart.

## Background

In early 2014, Merlo signed a record deal with Open Road Recordings and spent approximately eight months developing her sound. She released her debut single, "Sinking Like a Stone", on February 18, 2014. The song stayed on the Canada Country chart for 20 weeks and reached a peak position of 32, which helped to establish Merlo's presence on Canadian country radio. That summer (July 22, 2014), she released an eponymous debut extended play, along with a new single, "Alive".
Merlo experienced a commercial breakthrough in 2015 with the release of her third single, "Honey Jack." The track reached the top 25 on the Canada Country chart and the song's success contributed to her being chosen as the opening act on Dean Brody and Paul Brandt's The Road Tour that year. At the 2015 Canadian Country Music Association (CCMA) Awards, Merlo won the prestigious Rising Star award. The fourth single, "Whatcha Wanna Do About It" became Merlo's first top-10 at country radio. Free Soul was made available for pre-order on April 19, 2016.

### Content

Merlo previously recorded a version of "Ready to Say Goodnight" with duet partner Tim Hicks on the latter's 2014 album, 5:01.

## Critical reception

Nanci Dagg of Canadian Beats wrote that Free Soul is "extremely well written and well produced – from the first song to the last," and found the full-length album format "refreshing."
Tom Harrison of The Vancouver Sun was ambivalent toward the record's duelling country and pop influences but criticized Merlo's lack of personality. "Through it all," he writes, "Merlo sings well (and even writes a few songs) without having a personal style."

## Chart performance
### Album

| Chart (2016) | Peak position |
| Canadian Albums (Billboard) | 88 |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Peak positions |
| Year | Single | CAN Country |
| 2014 | "Sinking Like a Stone" | 32 |
| 2014 | "Alive" | 42 |
| 2015 | "Honey Jack" | 25 |
| 2016 | "Whatcha Wanna Do About It" | 10 |
| 2016 | "War Paint" | 13 |
| 2017 | "Over and Over" | 13 |
# Centro, Puerto Vallarta

Centro, or Downtown, is the historic center of Puerto Vallarta, in the Mexican state of Jalisco.
The district is north of Zona Romántica and the Cuale River, and south of 5 de Diciembre.

## Features

Centro features Mercado Municipal Río Cuale and Rosita Beach. The district has many landmarks, including the Church of Our Lady of Guadalupe, Los Arcos, the Malecón and its many sculptures, Plaza de Armas, and Presidencia Municipal de Puerto Vallarta.

### Public art

Sculptures along the Malecón include:
* The Boy on the Seahorse by Rafael Zamarripa
* Erizados (2006) by Maritza Vazquez
* Friendship Fountain (1987) by James "Bud" Bottoms and Octavio González
* The Good Fortune Unicorn by Anibal Riebeling
* In Search of Reason (2000) by Sergio Bustamante
* Millennium (2001) by Mathis Lidice (also known as Félix Fernando Baños López)
* Nature as Mother by Adrian Reynoso
* Nostalgia (1984) by Ramiz Barquet
* Origin and Destination (2011) by Pedro Tello
* Rain by Jovian
* The Rotunda by the Sea (1996) by Alejandro Colunga
* statue of Francis of Assisi by Augusto Bozzano
* statue of Paschal Baylón by Ramiz Barquet
* The Subtle Stone Eater (2006) by Jonás Gutiérrez
* Tritón y Sirena (1990) by Carlos Espino
* Vallarta Dancers by Jim Demetro
Previously, the statue of Lorena Ochoa (2012) was also installed along the Malecón. Plaza de Armas has a statue of Ignacio Vallarta, and Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton is installed at Casa Kimberly. The Minstrel's Corner is installed at the intersection of Galeana and Hidalgo streets.
# Chakradhar Gogoi

Chakradhar Gogoi is a Bharatiya Janata Party politician from Assam. He has been elected in Assam Legislative Assembly election in 2016 , 2021 from Khowang (Moran) constituency.
# Chain (KAT-TUN album)

Chain is the Sixth studio album by Japanese boy band KAT-TUN and was released in Japan on February 22, 2012 by J-One Records. On January 13, KAT-TUN endorsed the mobile game site "entag!" which used KAT-TUN's album track "Smile for You" as a CM song and the first-ever KAT-TUN animation, "Ai wa KAT-TUN", voiced by KAT-TUN themselves, was launched on entag! site for a limited period. Ai wa KAT-TUN hit 1,000,000 views in just 2 weeks.

## Album information

Sixth album release from KAT-TUN including five single tracks, seven new songs, and five new songs featuring member's solo part (total of 17 songs). Regular Edition contains a bonus hidden track, "CHAIN OF LOVE". The jacket design used for the limited edition is different from the one used for the regular edition. This edition includes a lyrics card. The jacket design used for the limited edition is different from the one used for the regular edition. This edition includes a bonus DVD with music video(s) and bonus video footage. Comes with a booklet.

## Chart performance

In its first week of its release, the album topped the Oricon album chart, reportedly selling 110,055 copies. This feat will mark their sixth consecutive album to top the Oricon Album Charts since their first album, “Best of KAT-TUN” (released in March 2006). This record has surpassed rock band The Checker’s record of topping five consecutive albums and with this, KAT-TUN broke the record for the first time in 24 years and 10 months. KAT-TUN placed at No.8 in the second weeks, reportedly selling 10,761 copies and in the third weeks of its release the single placed at No.25, reportedly selling 4,235 copies.
By the end of the year, Chain was reported to selling 133,262 copies and was later certified Gold by RIAJ denoting over 100,000 shipments.

## Charts

| Chart | Peak | Sales |
| Japan Oricon Weekly Chart | 1 | 110,055 |
| Japan Oricon Monthly Chart | 3 | 120,816 |
| Japan Oricon Yearly Chart | 47 | 133,262 |
# Chala, Gujarat

Chala is a census town in Valsad district in the state of Gujarat, India.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Chala had a population of 16,244. Males constitute 58% of the population and females 42%. Chala has an average literacy rate of 78%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 83% and female literacy of 72%. 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.
# Frenchtown

Frenchtown may refer to:
In the United States:
* Frenchtown, California (disambiguation)
** Frenchtown, El Dorado County, California
** Frenchtown, Yuba County, California
* Frenchtown (Tallahassee), a section of the city of Tallahassee, Florida
* Frenchtown, Indiana
* Frenchtown, Maryland (disambiguation)
** Frenchtown, Cecil County, Maryland
** Frenchtown (Perryville, Maryland)
** Frenchtown-Rumbly, Maryland
* Frenchtown Charter Township, Michigan
** Battle of Frenchtown, 1813
* French Town, Missouri
* Frenchtown, Montana
* Frenchtown Township, Antelope County, Nebraska
* Frenchtown, New Jersey
* Frenchtown, Darke County, Ohio
* Frenchtown, Seneca County, Ohio
* Frenchtown, Pennsylvania
* Frenchtown, a section of the Fifth Ward in Houston, Texas
* Frenchtown, United States Virgin Islands
* A distinct neighborhood in Tomahawk, Wisconsin
* Frenchtown, Washington
# French submarine Inflexible (S615)

L'Inflexible (S 615) was the sixth and final of the Redoutable-class SNLE ("Sous-marin Nucléaire Lanceur d'Engins", "Nuclear Missile-Launching Submarine") of the Force océanique stratégique (FOST), the submarine nuclear deterrent component of the French Navy.
Construction began on 27 March 1980. The boat was launched on 23 June 1982, commissioned on 1 April 1985 and decommissioned on 14 January 2008.

## Design and construction

L'Inflexible uses basically the same design as the other Redoutable-class vessels, but has benefited from technological advances over its predecessors. The submarine uses the M4 missile, which carries 6 independent 150 kilotonnes of TNT equivalent nuclear warheads. Their range is reported to be over 4,500 kilometres (2,800 mi). The boat also has the capability of launching the SM39 Exocet anti-ship missile.
L'Inflexible received TIT (Traitement de l'Information Tactique, "Tactical Information Processor"), a cluster of French-designed computers and serial digital bus links for intersystem communication and DMUX21 sonar. The submarine has an improved inertial navigation system over other vessels of the class. The boat also has the improved internal communication system—SNTI, Système Numérisé de Transmissions Intérieures (Digital Internal Communication System).
Other miscellaneous improvements were made in electrical systems, nuclear systems, improving safety and stealth and rudder and engines, improving reliability and stealth. Inflexible has an improved hull profile.
The other Redoutable-class submarines have been modified to meet the standards of L'Inflexible ("Refonte M4"). L'Inflexible was officially decommissioned on 14 January 2008.

## In popular culture

L'Inflexible has inspired Le Soleil ne se lève pas pour nous ("No sunrise for us") by Robert Merle, a 1987 semi-fictitious book in form of a romanced documentary.
# Cerius otagensis

Cerius otagensis is a species of flightless fungus weevil that is endemic to New Zealand. It has been found in only two locations in the Central Otago region.

## Discovery

Only four female specimens have ever been collected and the male of the species remains unknown. The species was discovered by J. S. Dugdale on 25 November 1974 at Gentle Annie Creek, Kawarau Gorge. Three specimens were collected by him while beating a Carmichaelia shrub. On 27 October 1981 a fourth specimen was collected by J. C. Watt 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north of Lindis Crossing as a result of beating Carmichaelia petriei. These collections indicate that C. otagensis is likely to be associated with Camichaelia.

## Description

This species was first described in 1982 by B. A. Holloway and the holotype specimen is held in the New Zealand Arthropod Collection at Landcare Research. C. otagensis is a small beetle measuring between 2.4–2.7mm in length and has a width of 1.3–1.4mm. Its head is covered with silver and yellow scales and its body also has mainly yellow and silver scales but with dark brown scales scattered amongst them. One specimen was dissected and evidence of fungi, possibly of the genus Stigmella, was found in its gut indicating that C. otagensis feeds upon that genus of fungi.
# Cerium phosphide

Cerium phosphide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CeP. It is one of the phosphides of cerium. It can be obtained by reacting cerium dioxide and phosphine at 1300 °C in the presence of hydrogen, or by reacting sodium phosphide and cerium chloride at 700~800 °C. It will be oxidized to monoclinic CePO$_4$ in air above 900 °C. It reacts with iodine in a quartz ampoule to obtain CeSiP$_3$.
# Cerro de las Campanas

The Cerro de las Campanas ("Hill of the Bells") is a hill and national park located in Querétaro City, Mexico. It is most noteworthy as the place where Emperor Maximilian I and Generals Miguel Miramón and Tomás Mejía were executed, definitively ending the Second Mexican Empire and French intervention in Mexico. The mountain gets its name from rocks that make bell sounds when struck.

## History

The hill on what was formerly the outskirts of Querétaro was the site of the end of the Second Mexican Empire. After being intercepted by the republican generals on May 15, 1867, Maximilian, who had been besieged in the central city of Querétaro since March, surrendered on the mountain to General Mariano Escobedo. He was jailed on the mountain along with his two generals: Miramón, who had been the president of Mexico for most of 1859 and 1860, and Mejía, a Querétaro-born cavalry general. After a court-martial in Querétaro in which all three were sentenced to death, the sentence was carried out atop the hill on June 19, 1867, when Maximilian, Miramón and Mejía were executed.
The site was initially marked with piles of stone topped by crosses made of sticks; later, wooden crosses were placed on the site, which are now housed in the Cerro de las Campanas Museum. In 1886, the first monument was constructed on the site: three stone columns engraved with the names of the deceased, surrounded by iron bars supported by wooden columns, commissioned by Governor Rafael Olvera [es].

### Emperor Maximilian Memorial Chapel

In 1900, after relations between Mexico and Austria resumed, the Emperor Maximilian Memorial Chapel was constructed on the site. Commissioned by Emperor Franz Joseph I in memory of his late brother the chapel was dedicated on April 10, 1901.

### 20th-century uses and declaration of a national park

In the 1950s, on the west slope of the hill, the Querétaro State Fairgrounds were constructed; the fair would later move to a new site in the early 1970s. On May 15, 1967, the centennial of the arrest of Maximilian, a portion of the mountain, including the east side and the summit, was designated a national park, the same day as the inauguration of a statue of Benito Juárez and a new esplanade by President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz and Governor Manuel González Cosío y Rivera; the statue was designed and sculpted by Juan F Olaguibel. The base of the statue features an engraving of a quote by Juárez, Entre los individuos como entre las naciones, el respeto al derecho ajeno es la paz [es], or "Among individuals as among nations, respect for the right of others is peace".
The southern and western slopes of the hill were transferred in the early 1970s from the fair to the Autonomous University of Queretaro, whose main university campus on the site was dedicated in December 1973.

### Museum

The municipal government of Querétaro operates a museum on the mountain, constructed in 2003 and featuring five permanent exhibit rooms. The museum receives some 10,000 visitors each month.
# Friedrich Robert von Beringe

Friedrich Robert von Beringe (21 September 1865 – 5 July 1940) was a Imperial German Army officer, born in Aschersleben. He was the son of Mathilde Luise and Captain Karl Robert von Beringe. In the small town in what is now Saxony-Anhalt, which then belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia, his father was a cavalry officer commanding a squadron of the 10th (Magdeburg) Hussars. Friedrich Robert followed his father's footsteps, becoming an officer in the Hussars Regiment No. 1. He was honored with the regimental ring, and became a close friend of August von Mackensen, later becoming a Field Marshal, who commanded the regiment from 17 June 1893 to 27 January 1898.
In 1894 von Beringe volunteered for the recently created Schutztruppe, the protective force of German East Africa, and he was promoted to Captain in 1899.
Captain von Beringe, together with a physician, Dr. Engeland, a Corporal Ehrhardt, and twenty local troops with equipment and native porters left Usumbura (modern Bujumbura) in German East Africa on 19 August 1902. Their destination was the King Yuhi V Musinga of Rwanda. They then headed north to the volcanic Virunga Mountains. On 17 October 1902 he shot two large apes that were unknown to science at the time. He sent them to the Natural History Museum in Berlin, where they were examined and documented by Paul Matschie. The species was named Gorilla beringei in his honor, a gorilla species distinct from the previously discovered western gorilla ("Gorilla gorilla"). This new species, commonly called "eastern gorilla", was later determined to consist of two subspecies: the mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) and the eastern lowland gorilla (Gorilla beringei graueri).
In 1906, Captain von Beringe moved back to Germany. Until the beginning of World War II, he lived with his family in Dresden. On 5 July 1940, he died in Stettin after years of suffering from diabetes. A memorial plaque is dedicated to von Beringe at the entrance to the 400 square kilometer Virunga National Park.
# Chapin House

Chapin House may refer to:
* Philip Chapin House, New Hartford, Connecticut
* Horatio Chapin House, South Bend, Indiana
* A. Chapin House, Uxbridge, Massachusetts
* Henry A. Chapin House, Niles, Michigan
* Thaddeus Chapin House, Canandaigua, New York