OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# W. C. Leng

Sir William Christopher Leng, known as W. C. Leng (25 January 1825 – 20 February 1902) was a newspaper publisher in Sheffield.

## Life

Leng was born in Hull on 25 January 1825. He was oldest son of Adam Leng of Hull, and Mary, daughter of Christopher Luccock, of Malton, architect. Sir John Leng was a younger brother.
He was educated in Hull, before being apprenticed as a pharmacist and setting up his own business. During this period, he contributed anonymously to the Hull Free Press, calling for reforms such as slum clearance and ship safety. He is believed to have inspired Samuel Plimsoll to take up this second cause.
Leng's family was Methodist and aligned with the Liberal Party cause. His brother John Leng retained these beliefs, but William joined the Church of England and became a supporter of the Conservative Party. Despite this, after John became the proprietor of the Dundee Advertiser, William was a regular contributor, and in 1859, he moved to the city. He was a prominent supporter of the north in the American Civil War, when most Scottish journalists supported the South.
In 1864, Leng became managing editor and joint proprietor of the Sheffield Daily Telegraph with Frederick Clifford. He moved to the city and relocated the firm to new premises on Aldine Court. Under him, the newspaper became one of the first to adopt linotype printing.
Shortly after Leng arrived in Sheffield, the city was struck by the Great Sheffield Flood. Following this disaster, he campaigned for the municipalisation of the city's water supply. His reputation established by this activity, he was able to publicise and investigate the Sheffield Outrages in 1867.
Leng never took political office, but became the leading figure in Sheffield Conservatism. During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, the Conservatives became the dominant group on Sheffield Town Council, while the Daily Telegraph was supplemented by the Weekly Telegraph, the Sunday Telegraph and the Evening Telegraph and Star.
Politically, he was a supporter of imperial preference and established Conservative Clubs and electoral organisations on a constituency basis throughout Sheffield.
He was the Vice-Chairman and later the Chairman of the Sheffield Conservative and Constitutional Association, the Vice President of the Sheffield Association for Promoting Sanitary Reform and the Better Housing of the Poor, and the President of the Sheffield Chamber of Commerce in 1895–96.
He generally supported municipalisation, while Liberals in the city opposed, until the positions were reversed over the question of the tramways in 1895.
Leng was knighted in 1887, on the recommendation of Lord Salisbury.
He continued writing for the Telegraph until his last days.
He died at Sheffield, on 20 February 1902. He was buried in Ecclesall churchyard.

## Family

He married in 1860, Anne (died 1893), daughter of David Stark of Ruthven, Forfarshire, and widow of Harry Cook of Sandhurst, Australia. His two sons, C. D. Leng and W. St. Quentin Leng, were partners in the Sheffield Telegraph.

## Artistic recognition

A portrait by Hugh Ford Crighton was commissioned by public subscription in 1868.
# Noginsky

Noginsky (masculine), Noginskaya (feminine), or Noginskoye (neuter) may refer to:
* Noginsky District, a district of Moscow Oblast, Russia
* Noginsky (rural locality) (Noginskaya, Noginskoye), name of several rural localities in Russia
# W. floribunda

W. floribunda may refer to:
* Waterhousea floribunda, an eastern Australian tree
* Wisteria floribunda, a pea native to Japan
* Woodfordia floribunda, a plant endemic to India
# W. grandis

W. grandis may refer to:
* Walckenaeria grandis, a spider species in the genus Walckenaeria found in the Azores
* Wellnhoferia grandis, an early prehistoric bird species found in Germany that lived during the Late Jurassic
# Northmen (disambiguation)

Northmen or Norsemen are the group of people as a whole who speak one of the North Germanic languages as their native language.
Northmen may also refer to:
* Northmen (Middle-earth), a fictional people from J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth
* Northmen (Dungeons & Dragons), a fictional people from Dungeons & Dragons
* Northmen: A Viking Saga, a 2014 film
* Quebec Nordiques, the English translation of Nordiques is Northmen
# WNVE

WNVE may refer to:
* WNVE (FM), a radio station (98.7 FM) licensed to serve Culebra, Puerto Rico
* WQML (FM), a radio station (101.5 FM) licensed to serve Ceiba, Puerto Rico, which held the call sign WNVE from 2014 to 2018
* WAIO, a radio station (95.1 FM) licensed to serve Honeoye Falls, New York, United States, which held the call sign WNVE from 1995 to 2004
# WNVU

WNVU may refer to:
* WNVU (FM), a radio station (93.5 FM) licensed to serve New Rochelle, New York, United States
* WRIQ, a radio station (89.7 FM) licensed to serve Charles City, Virginia, United States, which held the call sign WNVU from 2017 to 2020
* WPGR (AM), a radio station (1510 AM) licensed to serve Monroeville, Pennsylvania, United States, which held the call sign WNVU from 1986 to 1988
# WPLP-LP

WPLP-LP ("Bulldog 93.3") is a radio station licensed to Athens, Georgia, United States that airs an alternative rock format. The station's slogan is The Sound of Athens. The station was started by Paul Francis and began as a not-for-profit, grassroots station. The station operates from the Fred Building on College Avenue in downtown Athens. The station plays limited commercials. The station is known for encouraging local music and musicians by asking for submissions of local music and playing the song of the winner of the Athens Area High School Battle of the Bands.
Bulldog 93.3 was criticized by Athens community members in February 2018 for owner Paul Francis' response to an advertising request from the United Campus Workers of Georgia.
In January 2021, the station was fined $10,000, after admitting to airing commercials with prohibited promotional language.
# WTON

WTON may refer to:
* WTON (AM), a radio station (1240 AM) licensed to Staunton, Virginia, United States
* WTON-FM, a radio station (94.3 FM) licensed to Staunton, Virginia, United States
# WTOS

WTOS may refer to:
* WTOS (AM), a radio station (910 AM) licensed to Bangor, Maine, United States
* WTOS-FM, a radio station (105.1 FM) licensed to Skowhegan, Maine, United States
# Norris v Attorney General

Norris v The Attorney General is a 1983 judgement from the Supreme Court of Ireland that held that the law which criminalised homosexuality was not against the Constitution of Ireland. David Norris was subsequently successful in the European Court of Human Rights, where in Norris v. Ireland (1988) they found that the law was in breach of Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights.

## Background

Sections 61 and 62 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861 criminalised "buggery", which made sexual activity between two men illegal, and section 11 of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885 criminalised "gross indecency" between men. The law remained on the books when Ireland achieved independence from the UK. In the UK the law was repealed, and homosexual acts decriminalised, in 1967 in England and Wales with the Sexual Offences Act 1967, in Scotland by the Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1980 and in Northern Ireland by the Homosexual Offences (Northern Ireland) Order 1982.
The Constitution of Ireland came into force in 1937, and all laws that were on the books before then were carried over, unless they were "repugnant to the constitution".

## Case

David Norris took, and lost, a case to the High Court in 1977 seeking a declaration that the laws of 1861 and 1885 which criminalised homosexual conduct were not in force since the enactment of the Constitution of Ireland. Article 50 of the Constitution provides that laws enacted before the Constitution that are inconsistent with it would no longer be in force.
Norris's Senior Counsel were Garrett Cooney and fellow member of the Campaign for Homosexual Law Reform, Mary Robinson, who in 1990 would become the first female President of Ireland.

### Judgment

The Supreme Court rejected the appeal, citing the "Christian nature of the state".
   On the ground of the Christian nature of our State and on the grounds that the deliberate practice of homosexuality is morally wrong, that it is damaging to the health both of individuals and the public and, finally, that it is potentially harmful to the institution of marriage, I can find no inconsistency with the Constitution in the laws which make such conduct criminal. It follows, in my view, that no right of privacy, as claimed by the plaintiff, can prevail against the operation of such criminal sanctions.

## Reaction

After the judgement was delivered, Norris immediately declared that he would take a case to the European Court of Human Rights.

## European Court of Human Rights Decision

Norris subsequently took a case to the European Court of Human Rights. In Norris v. Ireland (1988), the ECHR ruled, as it had done in Dudgeon v United Kingdom (1981) that the laws criminalising homosexuality were a breach of the Article 8 protection of privacy. In 1993, the Irish government decriminalised gay male sexual activity with the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences) Act 1993.
# North Palm Springs, California

North Palm Springs is an unincorporated community in Riverside County, California, United States. North Palm Springs is located at the intersection of Dillon Road and North Indian Canyon Drive near the northern border of Palm Springs, south of Interstate 10.
# North Shore Philharmonic Orchestra

The North Shore Philharmonic Orchestra was originally formed in 1946 as the Lynn Symphony Orchestra by a group of 15 North Shore musicians. The Orchestra assumed the name North Shore Philharmonic Orchestra in the fall of 1947, and commenced a musical legacy which celebrated its Sixtieth Anniversary in 2007.
The Orchestra played its first concert in 1947 under founding conductor Rolland Tapley. The Orchestra has performed continuously since then under just three Music Directors: Mr. Tapley, a Boston Symphony Orchestra violinist, led the Orchestra from 1947 to 1972. He handed the baton to his Boston Symphony Orchestra colleague Max Hobart in 1973, who led the Orchestra until 1996. Following two seasons of guest conductors, current Music Director Robert Lehmann assumed the Orchestra's leadership.
Over the years the NSPO has been the stage for soloists such as violinists Joseph Silverstein, Dana and Yuri Mazurkevich, Ronan and Gabe Lefkowitz and Charles Dimmick. The North Shore Philharmonic Orchestra has participated in local notable events, having played concerts for the 350th Commemoration of the Salem Witch Trials, the Bicentennial Celebration of the birth of George Peabody, and the 100th Anniversary of Revere Beach.
The North Shore Philharmonic Orchestra, administered by an all-volunteer Board of Directors, comprises freelance musicians from throughout Greater Boston and the north shore and welcomes interested musicians and volunteers.
# North of the Yukon

North of the Yukon may refer to:
* North of Hudson Bay, a 1923 film starring Tom Mix that was released in Great Britain as North of the Yukon
* North of the Yukon (1939 film), a 1939 film
* The Legend of Amaluk, a 1972 film later retitled North of the Yukon
* North of the Yukon (Disney comics), a 1965 Scrooge McDuck comic
# North Victorian Wetlands

The North Victorian Wetlands, also known as the Kerang Wetlands, comprise an extensive series of over 100 freshwater, brackish and saline lakes and swamps on the floodplain of the Loddon River where it enters the Murray valley, in the vicinity of the town of Kerang, in northern Victoria, south-eastern Australia. They are important for a variety, and sometimes large numbers, of waterbirds.

## Description

The wetlands lie about 300 km north-west of Melbourne. Many of them are regulated and linked to the regional irrigation system. Many are also affected by salinity caused by land clearance, agriculture and irrigation practices, resulting in raised levels of groundwater and highly saline watertables. Many of the lakes are used recreationally for sightseeing, hunting, fishing, boating, waterskiing and swimming; some are used for storing irrigation water, or for the disposal of saline water and sewage.

## Important Bird Area

A subset of 12 wetlands with a collective area of 60 km$^2$, defined as those which have recently supported significant numbers of birds, have been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA). They support populations of endangered Australasian bitterns and near threatened blue-billed ducks. They sometimes support over 1% of the world populations of freckled ducks, straw-necked ibises, black-fronted dotterels, banded stilts and red-necked avocets.
Other birds recorded as sometimes occurring on the wetlands in relatively substantial numbers include black swans, Pacific black ducks, grey teals, Australian shelducks, Australasian shovellers, pink-eared ducks, hardheads, black-backed bitterns, Australian white ibises, hoary-headed grebes, Eurasian coots, sharp-tailed sandpipers, red-necked stints, marsh sandpipers, white-headed stilts, double-banded plovers, red-kneed dotterels, red-capped plovers and whiskered terns. Australian painted snipes have been recorded from Hird Swamp in the IBA.

## Ramsar site

A larger and overlapping subset of 22 wetlands, with a collective area of 94 km$^2$, were recognised on 15 December 1982 as being of international importance when they were listed under the Ramsar Convention as Ramsar Site 265. The wetlands were so recognised because of their great importance to waterbirds, supporting large numbers of endemic and migratory species, and serving as a drought refuge, as well as supporting rare or vulnerable plant species.
# Wael Saqqa

Wael Saqqa (born 1956) is a Jordanian architect, and Chairman of the Jordan Engineering Association. He is the secretary general of Jordanian Islamic Action Front (IAF).

## Career

The Jordan Engineers Association (JEA) established an "international commission" to help rebuild Gaza. A JEA delegation assessed the situation in Gaza.
He is on the Industry advisory board, of the German-Jordanian University. He commented on Royal Dutch Shell planned extraction of oil from oil shale, and water supplies in Jordan.
He is Chairman of the Board of Almehanya Real Estate Investments.

## Gaza flotilla

He was one of fifteen Jordanians who were passengers in the Gaza flotilla raid.
# Nothing Inside

Nothing Inside may refer to:
* "Nothing Inside", song by Sander van Doorn featuring Mayaeni 2012
* "Nothing Inside", song by Singapore Sling (band) 2012
* "Nothing Inside", song by Machine Gun Kelly from Tickets to My Downfall 2020
# Nothing Is Forgotten

Nothing Is Forgotten (Swedish: Man glömmer ingenting) is a 1942 Swedish drama film directed by Åke Ohberg and starring Edvin Adolphson, Gerd Hagman and Marianne Löfgren. It was shot at the Centrumateljéerna Studios in Stockholm. The film's sets were designed by the art director Bertil Duroj.

## Synopsis

When Nora's father dies she goes to live her uncle Berthold, encounter the jealousy of his wife Alice. She studies to become a painter.

## Cast

* Edvin Adolphson as Berthold Segervind
* Gerd Hagman as Nora
* Marianne Löfgren as Alice
* Peter Höglund as Johan
* Viran Rydkvist as Sofi
* Åke Grönberg as Blommen
* Hugo Björne as Nora's Father
* Julia Cæsar as Miss Kattentitt
* Olga Andersson as Mrs. Beerg
* Åke Claesson as Professor Torin
* Anders Frithiof as Wick
* Olav Riégo as Dr. Beerg
* Signe Wirff as Mina
* Sif Ruud as Anna
* Wiktor Andersson as Newspaper Vendor
* Ann-Margret Bergendahl as Maid
* Märta Dorff as Dinner guest
* Georg Fernqvist as Dinner guest
* Bengt Ekerot as Student at art school
* Elsie Albiin as Student at art school
# Northern 25

The Northern 25 is a Canadian sailboat that was originally designed by Philip Rhodes and adapted by Dennis Fernice as a cruiser and first built in 1970.

## Production

The design was built by Northern Yachts in Ajax, Ontario, Canada between 1970 and 1989, with about 250 examples completed.

## Development

The Northern 25 is a development of the O'Day Outlaw 26. Northern Yachts bought the molds from O'Day Corp. and Dennis Fernice made changes to the design, including adding a fin keel and a taller cabin, to give 74 in (188 cm) of headroom below decks, but at the expense of cockpit forward visibility.

## Design

The Northern 25 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fibreglass, with wood trim and anodized spars. It has a masthead sloop rig, a spooned raked stem, a reverse transom, a skeg-mounted rudder controlled by a tiller and a fixed fin keel. It displaces 5,100 lb (2,313 kg) and carries 2,300 lb (1,043 kg) of ballast.
The boat has a draft of 4.00 ft (1.22 m) with the standard keel fitted. Originally designed for an outboard motor, early trials indicated that the lazarette would flood when under way, due to the engine location. Only two boats were delivered without inboard engines and production models were generally fitted with Vire 7.5 hp (6 kW) inboard gasoline engine.
The design originally incorporated boom roller reefing, but many were later modified to eliminate this feature, due to sail wear.
The design has a PHRF racing average handicap of 222 with a high of 216 and low of 234. It has a hull speed of 5.88 kn (10.89 km/h).

## Operational history

In a 1999 review in Canadian Yachting, Pat Sturgeon praises the interior layout and space, writing, "From the dock it appeared to be a typical classic looking boat with a high coach house and long cockpit, but when l went below, the volume and clever layout of the interior astounded me. Most boats in this size range offering large interior space tend to look like a barn rather than a boat, but the Northern 25 was different. All the space a family of cruisers could hope for was tucked into just 25 feet and wrapped in an eye pleasing exterior."
In a review Michael McGoldrick wrote, "It's not a bad looking boat, but its appearance is dated by it[s] spoon bow. One minor annoyance with this boat is that people seated in the cockpit will have difficulty seeing over the cabin top because it arches up over the centerline to give an impressive 6' 2" of headroom down below."
# Northern 1/4 Ton

The Northern 1/4 Ton is a Canadian sailboat, that was designed by Cuthbertson & Cassian as an International Offshore Rule Quarter Ton class racer and first built in 1972.
The Northern 1/4 Ton design was developed into the Mirage 24 by Cuthbertson & Cassian in 1972.

## Production

The boat was built by Northern Yachts in Ajax, Ontario, Canada, starting in 1972, but is now out of production.

## Design

The Northern 1/4 Ton is a small recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fibreglass. It has a masthead sloop rig, a transom-hung rudder and a fixed fin keel. It displaces 3,400 lb (1,542 kg) and carries 1,450 lb (658 kg) of ballast.
The boat has a draft of 4.00 ft (1.22 m) with the standard keel fitted.
The boat has a hull speed of 5.89 kn (10.91 km/h).
# Northwest Fork Hundred

Northwest Fork Hundred is a hundred in Sussex County, Delaware, United States. Northwest Fork Hundred was formed in 1775 from Dorchester County, Maryland. Its primary community is Bridgeville.
# Sidi M'Bark

Sidi M'Bark is a small town and rural commune in Sidi Ifni Province of the Guelmim-Oued Noun region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 6932 people living in 1166 households.
# Charles Rousseau

Charles Rousseau may refer to:
* Charles Rousseau (born 1923), winemaker at Domaine Armand Rousseau
* Charles Rousseau (1862–1916) [nl], Belgian painter
* Charles F. Rousseau (1908–1976), Luxembourg philatelist
* Charles M. Rousseau (1848–1918), Belgian-born American architect
# Dawn Batterbee Miller

Dawn Batterbee Miller is an author. She authored God's Family Tree, published in 1994 by Church Growth Institute and numerous articles published worldwide in various Christian periodicals. For several years she served as editor and publisher of Women in Ministry, a denominational women's paper. She is also a retired public school teacher and holds master's degrees in education and communication arts, with the Master of Arts in communication from Michigan State University.
Her work has appeared in several publications including, Guidepost, World Vision, Focus on the Family, Christian Communicator, Cook Communications Ministries, Standard Publishing Archived October 10, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, and others.

## Selected works

* God's Family Tree published by Church Growth Inst.
* Pioneer Potpourri published by DocUmeant Publishing
Deep Wood Series—
* Footprints Under the Pines by WinePress
* 2nd Edition by DocUmeant Publishing
* Lost in the Deep Woods by WinePress
* 2nd Edition by DocUmeant Publishing
# EasyUp Parapropter

The EasyUp Parapropter is an American paramotor that was designed by Tom Tate and produced by EasyUp of Medford, Oregon. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied in the form of blueprint-style plans and an instruction manual for amateur construction. A kit was also available at one time.

## Design and development

The Parapropter was designed as an inexpensive way for beginners to start flying and complies with the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules. It features a paraglider-style wing, single-place accommodation and a single engine in pusher configuration. As is the case with all paramotors, takeoff and landing is accomplished by foot.
The aircraft plans allow the builder to create the backpack portion of the aircraft, including the propeller cage, built from bolted and welded aluminium plate and tubing. The plans recommend purchasing a used paraglider canopy to save money and a variety of engines can be fitted. The recommended propeller is a wooden fixed-pitch unit. Inflight steering is accomplished via handles that actuate the canopy brakes, creating roll and yaw.
The standard day, sea level, no wind takeoff with a typical engine and canopy is 30 ft (9.1 m) and the landing distance is 1 ft (0.3 m).
The designer estimated the construction time from the supplied plans to be 40 hours.

## Operational history

By 1998 the company reported that 750 sets of plans had been sold.

## Specifications (Parapropter, typical engine and canopy)

Data from Purdy
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Length: 4 ft (1.2 m)
* Empty weight: 55 lb (25 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 5 U.S. gallons (19 L; 4.2 imp gal)
* Powerplant: 1 × single cylinder, two-stroke, air-cooled aircraft engine
* Propellers: 2-bladed wooden, fixed pitch
Performance
* Maximum speed: 25 mph (40 km/h, 22 kn)
* Cruise speed: 25 mph (40 km/h, 22 kn)
* Range: 100 mi (160 km, 87 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 10,000 ft (3,000 m)
* Rate of climb: 500 ft/min (2.5 m/s)