OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Blood fractionation

Blood fractionation is the process of fractionating whole blood, or separating it into its component parts. This is typically done by centrifuging the blood.
The resulting components are:
* a clear solution of blood plasma in the upper phase (which can be separated into its own fractions, see Blood plasma fractionation),
* the buffy coat, which is a thin layer of leukocytes (white blood cells) mixed with platelets in the middle, and
* erythrocytes (red blood cells) at the bottom of the centrifuge tube.
Serum separation tubes (SSTs) are tubes used in phlebotomy containing a silicone gel; when centrifuged the silicone gel forms a layer on top of the buffy coat, allowing the blood serum to be removed more effectively for testing and related purposes.
As an alternative to energy-consuming centrifugation, more energy-efficient technologies have been studied, such as ultrasonic fractionation.

## Plasma protein fractionation

Plasma proteins are separated by using the inherent differences of each protein. Fractionation involves changing the conditions of the pooled plasma (e.g., the temperature or the acidity) so that proteins that are normally dissolved in the plasma fluid become insoluble, forming large clumps, called precipitate. The insoluble protein can be collected by centrifugation. One of the very effective ways for carrying out this process is the addition of alcohol to the plasma membrane pool while simultaneously cooling the pool. This process is sometimes called cold alcohol fractionation or ethanol fractionation. It was described by and bears the eponym of Dr Edwin J. Cohn. This procedure is carried out in a series of steps so that a single pool of plasma yields several different protein products, such as albumin and immune globulin. Human serum albumin prepared by this process is used in some vaccines, for treating burn victims, and other medical applications.
# Bob Coles

Robert John Coles (born 12 February 1944) is a former international motorcycle speedway rider from England. He earned one international cap for the England national speedway team.

## Biography

Coles first rode in the British speedway leagues for Plymouth Devils during the 1968 British League Division Two season. However, he was not a regular starter for the south west team until the following season in 1969.
In 1970, Plymouth dropped out of the league, so Coles switched to rival club Exeter Falcons in the British League (the highest division of the United Kingdom at the time). While at Exeter in 1971, he doubled up with Romford Bombers in division 2 and recorded an average of 8.06. However, his season was curtailed by an accident that saw him break his leg. The 1972 season was a turbulent one, in terms of his team place, he had a solid season for Exeter but in division 2 he followed the Romford relocation of the team to West Ham Hammers. Then in mid-season West Ham folded and were replaced by Barrow Happy Faces (the name was courtesy of their sponsor at the time was Duckhams Oil - its happy face logo was prominently displayed on the team's race jackets). During the turmoil Coles recorded his best average to date, which was 8.61.
After four seasons with Exeter he joined the Newport for the 1974 British League season and would double up for Mildenhall Fen Tigers in the National League. He stayed with Mildenhall from 1975 to 1978, where he topped the Mildenhall team averages during three of his four seasons with the club and became the club captain. Coles joined Weymouth Wildcats in 1980 but poor form as team captain in 1981 led to his transfer back to his old club Exeter. His form returned and he finally won a team honour during the 1983 National League season, when he helped Exeter win the Knockout Cup.

## Personal life

His son Michael Coles and grandson Connor Coles both became professional speedway riders.
# Bob Mills

Bob Mills may refer to:
* Bob Mills (comedian) (born 1957), British comedian and radio presenter
* Bob Mills (politician) (born 1941), Canadian politician
# Blue Sky (airline)

Blue Sky was the flag carrier of Armenia and a charter airline based in Yerevan. The airline was operating for Mahan Air.

## Fleet

* 3 Boeing 747-400 (operated for Mahan Air, all stored at Tehran)
* 1 Airbus A310-300
# BodyRock Sport

BodyRock Sport is a manufacturer sports bras and women's activewear. The bras are described as "blinged-out", with Swarovski crystals or studs, and conveniences such as zippered compartments and built-in pockets for digital audio players.

## Charities

BodyRock Sport supports the following charities:
* New York Road Runners' Team for Kids
* Girls' LEAP (Lifetime Empowerment & Awareness Program)
* American Cancer Society
* The Dougy Center
* LA's BEST: After School Enrichment
* International Princess Project
# Bluebell Arboretum

Bluebell Arboretum is an arboretum and associated plant nursery near the village of Smisby in South Derbyshire, England. It is a Royal Horticultural Society recommended garden, comprising a large selection of rare trees, shrubs and climbers growing in a woodland garden. Planting was started by the owners, Suzette and Robert Vernon (a Royal Horticultural Society committee member and Chelsea Flower Show judge) in 1992 on what was then a six acre (2.2 hectare) meadow, just under 500 feet (150 metres) above sea level. The arboretum was officially opened by Roy Lancaster, OBE VMH in 1997, and has since been expanded and is now open to the public throughout the year, excluding Sundays during the winter months.
In the garden emphasis is placed on its educational potential; its collection is extensive and well-labelled and there are many posters describing points of botanical/ecological interest, designed to stimulate further interest in trees, especially amongst younger visitors. The collection includes numerous species and cultivars from Northern Asia, North America and other temperate regions around the world; it includes cultivars of Cornus kousa (Chinese dogwood), Liquidambar styraciflua (American sweetgum), Liriodendron (tulip tree) and various Betula (birch) species, as well as other woody plants from many different genera.
The arboretum includes a 2007 planting of 75 Sequoiadendron giganteum, the well-known giant redwood from the mountains of Southern California, and this area of the arboretum is intended to become a redwood grove in the future. Britain's first "Singing Sequoia" was commissioned in BlueBell Arboretum in spring, 2013; this automated musical and educational feature is amongst a group planting of Coastal Redwoods, which fully-grown in California are the tallest trees in the world. The aim of this planting is to create a small-scale representation of a Californian redwood forest, complete with sword ferns, 'Polystichum munitum', growing beneath the redwoods and skunk cabbages, 'Lysichiton americanus', in a nearby damp area.
In May 2004, the arboretum was given the 'Greenwatch Award' by Derbyshire County Council for Environmental Sustainability, and was featured for its autumn colour in October 2007 in the BBC's Gardeners' World. The arboretum also regularly holds open days for the National Gardens Scheme charity.
# Blund

Blund is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* John Blund (1175–1248), Archbishop of Canterbury-elect and philosopher
* Robert Blund, Norman Sheriff of Norfolk
* Stephen Blund, MP for Lichfield
# Bogislaw (coin)

Bogislaw was a silver coin minted in the Duchy of Pomerania, during the reign of Bogislaw X. It was worth ½ mark, 8 shillings or 1/6 guilder. It was first minted in 1500 in Szczecin.

## Description

Originally it weighed 4.57 g (0.16 oz), 4.32 g (0.15 oz) of which was pure silver. Later, its mass was increased to 4.86 g (0.17 oz), while the mass of silver itself was decreased to 4.29 g (0.15 oz). Its diameter was 32 mm (1.3 inch).
On the obverse, the coin had an image of Mary of Nazareth with the inscription "CONSERVANOS•DOMINA", while on the reverse it had the coat of arms with long cross and inscription that read: "BOGVSLAVS•DUX•STETIN [or STETIEN]•MVC".
# Bogusław

Bogusław may refer to:
* Bogusław (given name)
* Bogusław, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
* Bogusław, Lublin Voivodeship
# Adirondack lean-to

An Adirondack lean-to or Adirondack shelter is a three-sided log structure popularized in the Adirondack Mountains of Upstate New York which provides shelter for campers. Since their development in the Adirondacks, this type of shelter has seen use in a number of parks throughout the United States, such as Isle Royale National Park in Michigan and Indian Cave State Park in Nebraska, as well as in parts of Canada. It is similar to the Nordic laavu.

## History

The Adirondack lean-to was developed by guides of the region as convenient camps to house hunting and fishing parties. The earliest of these shelters were quickly and crudely built but they still offered shelter from the elements.
As the Adirondacks developed, so did the lean-to structures. The previous temporary structures were replaced by sturdy log structures. Made from what was available, balsam or spruce logs were commonly used. Cedar has replaced these species as the primary log, due to its natural rot resistance and easy workability. Some High Peaks lean-tos do not have fire rings in front of them.
"The official New York State Conservation Department model [was] constructed in the 1930s by the Civilian Conservation Corps."

## Public Adirondack lean-tos

The state of New York owns or controls more than half of the 6 million acres (24,000 km$^2$) in the Adirondacks. Most of this is protected by Section One of Article 14 of the state's constitution, known as the Forever Wild Clause: “The lands of the state, now owned or hereafter acquired, constituting the forest preserve as now fixed by law, shall be forever kept as wild forest lands”.
Adirondack lean-tos have been the unique exception to this clause. There are several hundred public lean-tos in the Adirondacks and along the Appalachian Trail. These refuges are generally open to the public on a first-come-first-served basis.
# Bogdănești, Vaslui

Bogdănești is a commune in Vaslui County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of nine villages: Bogdănești, Buda, Horoiata, Hupca, Orgoiești, Ulea, Unțești, Vișinari and Vlădești.
# Adam and Joe Go Tokyo

Adam and Joe Go Tokyo was a series of eight episodes created for BBC Three (also airing in full on BBC One at a later timeslot as promotion for the new channel). It starred Adam Buxton and Joe Cornish of The Adam and Joe Show and aired from 30 May 2003 to 25 July 2003. The aim of the show was to offer an alternative insight into the lives of Tokyo's citizens, with the obligatory look at a number of gadgets and toys along the way. The show took the format of a mature Blue Peter outlining many pastimes of the average (or less so) Japanese person, everything from competitive speed eating to manga cosplay. Each episode would end with a Japanese band joining the show to perform.

## Gaijin Invasion

In each episode, Adam and Joe documented their attempts to become "Big in Japan". In one episode, they resorted to busking in a local park. They performed an unnamed tribute to Tokyo wearing sneakers and black diving suits. As luck would have it, they were spotted by somebody working for a Japanese music television show and were asked to participate in it.

## Guests

Each week there were around two guests on the show ranging from professional cosplayers to the Japanese expert on fish.

## Episode details

| # | Title | Director(s) | Writer(s) | Original Airdate(s) |
| 1 | TBA | TBA | TBA | 30 May 2003 (2003-05-30) |
| In their first attempt to get big in Japan, the pair posed as celebrities at Shibuya Crossing. Guests included inventor Dr Nakamatsu and comedy duo Tetsu and Tomo. Adam and Joe also explored the cosplay scene at a convention. Music from Polysics |||||
| 2 | TBA | TBA | TBA | 6 June 2003 (2003-06-06) |
| Trying to further their attempts in getting famous in Japan, Adam and Joe attended a book signing with glamour duo The Kano Sisters. Fish expert Sakana Kun [ja] was in the studio, as were Michael Arias and Shinichiro Watanabe, who were discussing the Animatrix. Music from Loop Junktion. |||||
| 3 | TBA | TBA | TBA | 13 June 2003 (2003-06-13) |
| This time in their attempts to get big in Japan, Adam and Joe went to the premier of The Matrix Reloaded in eyecatching outfits. Keiji Oguni, Shinya Takahashi (speed eaters [ja]) had a competition, Daisuke Inoue (the inventor of karaoke) was interviewed and judged Adam and Joe's karaoke skills, and music from Dogggy Style (band). |||||
| 4 | TBA | TBA | TBA | 20 June 2003 (2003-06-20) |
| Nobumichi Tosa (Meiwa Denki [ja]), HALCALI (band). |||||
| 5 | TBA | TBA | TBA | 4 July 2003 (2003-07-04) |
| Susumu Kurobe (original Ultraman), Tokyo Shock Boys (performing artists), Guitar Wolf (band). |||||
| 6 | TBA | TBA | TBA | 11 July 2003 (2003-07-11) |
| Kenta Fukasaku (Battle Royale II: Requiem director), Tatsuya Fujiwara (actor), Gaijin Invasion, Hoover's Ooover (miscredited as Hoover Over) (band). |||||
| 7 | TBA | TBA | TBA | 18 July 2003 (2003-07-18) |
| Dandy Sakano (comedian), Mc Simoneta (band), DJ Takeshit (band). |||||
| 8 | TBA | TBA | TBA | 25 July 2003 (2003-07-25) |
| Papaya Suzuki & Oyaji Dancers (performing artists), Plus-Tech Squeeze Box (band). |||||
# Bogie (surname)

Bogie is the surname of:
* Cam Bogie (1915-2006), Australian rules footballer
* David Bogie (born 1987), British rally driver
* Ian Bogie (born 1967), British former football player and manager
* Les Bogie (1911–1983), Australian rules footballer
* Malcolm Bogie (born 1939), Scottish former footballer
* Stuart Bogie, American musician
# Bolonia, Spain

Bolonia is a coastal village and beach in the municipality of Tarifa in the Province of Cadiz in southern Spain. It is located on the Atlantic shore, 22.9 kilometres (14.2 mi) by road west of Tarifa, but is much closer in terms of coastal distance. The beach and bay is also known as Playa de Bolonia ("Bolonia Beach"), Ensenada de Bolonia ("Bolonia Cove"), or Bolonia Bay. The ruins of the Roman town of Baelo Claudia are located near the beach, considered to be the most complete Roman town ruins yet uncovered in Spain. The beach is about 3.8 kilometres (2.4 mi) in length, with an average width of about 70 metres (230 ft). In 2011 it had a population of 117 people.
# AdmitAll

Admitall (stylized as AdmitAll), is a web service for education services based in Quezon City, Philippines. It is a digital platform owned and operated by BTGWorld Corporation. It has partnership with colleges and universities in Australia, Austria, United Arab Emirates, and the Philippines. The technology spawned from a team thesis by masteral students at Bentley University and Harvard University and applied as a social enterprise for education. The website onboard students in the system and links them with its partner colleges and best universities around the world. It owns the SmartID, a school identification card linked to its system. The SmartID is an automated teller machine linked with EON electronic banking of Union Bank of the Philippines. To access the platform, its partner colleges and universities are provided with dashboard to connect to the system.

## History

In November 2017, the AdmitAll website was launched and went live, facilitating the onboarding of students and partner colleges and universities. This launch coincided with the introduction of its SmartID for students.
In December 2017, Balara High School was the first secondary school to get onboard on AdmitAll.
On February 21, 2018, AdmitAll participated in the 2nd EduTech Philippines trade exhibit as its first public engagement in education conference.
In March 2018, it signed its first partner college, the Manila and Quezon City campuses of La Consolacion College. The following month, it signed up the first international university partner Modul University of Vienna, Austria.
In August 2018, it signed up the first government institution in the Philippines, the National Youth Commission.
Its first major international civic club partner is the Junior Chamber International which signed up in August 2018.

## Partnerships

At present, AdmitAll has established a partnership with schools, colleges and universities in the Philippines and a university in Austria. It has also established a partnership with civic organizations such as Junior Chamber International and Boy Scouts of the Philippines for its SmartID.
Admitall has an ongoing negotiation with municipal and city governments on educational collaboration to develop a scholarship program.

## Headquarters

AdmitAll's main headquarters is in Quezon City - where the web server is located, while its call center operation is located in Taytay, Rizal. The Philippines also serves as the regional headquarters for the ASEAN region. There are contact centers in China and Austria.
# Admetula emarginata

Admetula emarginata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cancellariidae, the nutmeg snails.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs on the Chesterfield Plateau, New Caledonia and off the Solomon Islands.
# 2022 Classic Brugge–De Panne

The 2022 Classic Brugge–De Panne (known as Minerva Classic Brugge–De Panne for sponsorship reasons) was a road cycling one-day race that took place on 23 March 2022 in Belgium. It was the 46th edition of the Three Days of Bruges–De Panne, and the 8th event of the 2022 UCI World Tour.

## Teams

Twenty-four teams were invited to the race, including sixteen UCI WorldTeams and eight UCI ProTeams. All but four teams entered the maximum allowed seven riders. Of the 164 riders who were entered into the race, there were 154 finishers and five non-starters.
UCI WorldTeams
* Astana Qazaqstan Team
* Bora–Hansgrohe
* Cofidis
* Quick-Step Alpha Vinyl Team
* EF Education–EasyPost
* Groupama–FDJ
* Intermarché–Wanty–Gobert Matériaux
* Israel–Premier Tech
* Lotto–Soudal
* Movistar Team
* Team Bahrain Victorious
* Team BikeExchange–Jayco
* Team DSM
* Team Jumbo–Visma
* Trek–Segafredo
* UAE Team Emirates
UCI ProTeams
* Alpecin–Fenix
* Arkéa–Samsic
* B&B Hotels–KTM
* Bardiani–CSF–Faizanè
* Bingoal Pauwels Sauces WB
* Sport Vlaanderen–Baloise
* Team TotalEnergies
* Uno-X Pro Cycling Team

## Result

Result :
| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
| 1 | Tim Merlier (BEL) | Alpecin–Fenix | 4h 45' 41" |
| 2 | Dylan Groenewegen (NED) | Team BikeExchange–Jayco | + 0" |
| 3 | Nacer Bouhanni (FRA) | Arkéa–Samsic | + 0" |
| 4 | Max Walscheid (GER) | Cofidis | + 0" |
| 5 | Olav Kooij (NED) | Team Jumbo–Visma | + 0" |
| 6 | Arnaud Démare (FRA) | Groupama–FDJ | + 0" |
| 7 | Simone Consonni (ITA) | Cofidis | + 0" |
| 8 | Arnaud De Lie (BEL) | Lotto–Soudal | + 0" |
| 9 | Jasper Stuyven (BEL) | Trek–Segafredo | + 0" |
| 10 | Heinrich Haussler (AUS) | Team Bahrain Victorious | + 0" |
# Bracciola nera

Bracciola nera is a red Italian wine grape variety that is primarily found in the Liguria and Toscana wine regions of western Italy. The only Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) that Bracciola nera plays a significant role is in the Colli di Luni DOC of Ligura where the grape is permitted to be blended with Sangiovese, Canaiolo, Pollera nera, Ciliegiolo, Vermentino nero and other varieties. A late-ripening variety, Bracciola nera usually contributes acidity to blends.

## History

In his posthumously published work Trattato della coltivazione delle viti, e del frutto che se ne puô cavare (1600), the Italian viticulturist Giovan Vettorio Soderini described a white grape variety, Bracciola, as one of the best white wine varieties being grown in Italy at the time. While ampelographers can't confirm if this is a white berry color mutation of Bracciola or a completely different variety, it can be confirmed that Bracciola nera was growing in the Cinque Terre region by at least the early 19th century when the Italian naturalist Giuseppe Acerbi described the grape, known locally as Braciola, growing in the region in 1825.

## Viticulture

Bracciola nera is a late-ripening grape variety that often has very high acid levels at harvest. The vine can be very productive and high yielding if not kept in check by winter pruning and green harvesting.

## Wine regions and DOC regulations

In 2000, there 110 hectares (270 acres) of Bracciola nera planted in Italy, nearly all of it in the province of Massa-Carrara in Tuscany and the province of La Spezia in Liguria where it is a permitted blending varietal in the DOC wine of Colli di Luna. Bracciola nera destined for DOC wine production is limited to a harvest yield of no more than 12 tonnes/hectare. The wine is predominantly Sangiovese (60-70%) with Pollera nera, Canaiolo and Ciliegiolo collectively needing to make up at least 15% of the blend. Bracciola nera, Colombana nera, Vermentino nero and other local red grape varieties are permitted to be used up to a maximum of 25% the wine.

## Synonyms

Over the years Bracciola nera has been known under a variety of synonyms including: Barciuola, Bracciola, Bracciula, Bracciuola, Braciola, Brassola, Brassora, Brazolata and Rappalunga.
# Airman Apprenticeship Training School

Naval Air Technical Training Center (NATTC) is the parent command of the Airman Apprenticeship Training School, and provides technical training schools for nearly all enlisted aircraft maintenance and enlisted aircrew specialties in the U.S. Navy, U.S. Marine Corps and U.S. Coast Guard.

## Aviation Training Department

After completion of recruit training, enlistees in the Airman Apprenticeship Training program (ATD) attend a three-week course on basic theory in aviation fundamental skills at Naval Air Technical Training Center (NATTC) located aboard NAS Pensacola in Pensacola, FL. After successful completion of this training, airman apprentices are usually assigned to squadrons or other aviation commands where the Navy needs them the most.
The duties performed by airman apprentices include:
* repairing, maintaining and stowing aircraft and associated equipment in preparation for flight operations;
* working with qualified personnel to gain job training and experience;
* performing ground and deck duties involved in the take-off and landing of aircraft;
* standing security watches on flight lines or decks;
* doing temporary duty for 90–120 days with food services divisions;
* serving as members of crash crews and security alert teams;
* participating in naval ceremonies.

## Airman Rating and Paygrade

In the U.S. Navy, Airman is the enlisted rank that corresponds to the pay grade of E-3 in the Navy's aviation field. Airman is just above Airman Recruit (E-1) and Airman Apprentice (E-2), and below the rank of petty officer third class, pay grade E-4.

## Pay

According to the 2013 Basic Enlisted Military Pay Chart, an Airman Recruit (E-1) with less than 4 months of service receives a base pay of $1403. An Airman Apprentice (E-2) with less than 2 years of service receives $1700, and an Airman (E-3) receives $1787.