OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# China's Wartime Finance and Inflation

China's Wartime Finance and Inflation, 1937-45 is a 1965 non-fiction book by Arthur N. Young, published by Harvard University Press. It discusses the hyperinflation that hit the Republic of China during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Chang Kia-ngau of Stanford University wrote that the "over-all discussion of fiscal and monetary policy for the most part accords with" Chang's own book, The Inflationary Spiral. According to reviewer Joan Robinson, China's Wartime Finance and Inflation "relies a good deal" on The Inflationary Spiral and on The Chinese Inflation 1937-49 by Chou Shin-hsin, who had worked for the Central Bank of China.
# Argyrhoda

Argyrhoda is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae erected by George Hampson in 1908. Its only species, Argyrhoda laronia, was first described by Herbert Druce in 1890. It is found in Mexico.
# Chorus (Eberhard Weber album)

Chorus is an album by German double bassist and composer Eberhard Weber recorded in September 1984 and released on ECM the following year. The quintet features saxophonist Jan Garbarek and drummer Ralf-R. Hübner, backed by woodwind players Manfred Hoffbauer and Martin Künstner.
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |

## Track listing

All compositions by Eberhard Weber.
* "Part I" – 7:32
* "Part II" – 5:31
* "Part III/IV" – 8:03
* "Part V" – 3:23
* "Part VI" – 7:52
* "Part VII" – 8:05

## Personnel

* Eberhard Weber – bass, synthesizer
* Jan Garbarek – soprano saxophone, tenor saxophone
* Ralf-R. Hübner – drums
* Manfred Hoffbauer – clarinet, flute
* Martin Künstner – oboe, English horn
# Ariste, Saaremaa Parish

Ariste is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western Estonia.
Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Orissaare Parish.
# Boehmantis

Boehmantis is a genus of frogs in the mantellid subfamily Mantellinae. It is monotypic, being represented by a single species, Boehmantis microtympanum. The genus is endemic to Madagascar.

## Taxonomy

Boehmantis microtympanum was originally described in the genus Mantidactylus by Fernand Angel. The species was transferred to its own genus, Boehmantis, by Frank Glaw and Miguel Vences. This was justified using molecular data as well as by the lack of femoral glands, which are present in all other species in the subfamily Mantellinae.

## Etymology

The generic name honours Wolfgang Böhme [de], German herpetologist.

## Description

Boehmantis microtympanum are relatively large frogs, with adults measuring 40–60 mm (1.6–2.4 in) in snout–vent length. The tympanum is rather indistinct and small. The finger and toe tips bear well-developed discs; the fingers have no webbing whereas the toes are fully webbed. Dorsal skin is smooth. The dorsal colouration varies from olive greenish to—especially in subadults—brown, with lighter or darker indistinct markings. The ventral parts are white, often with dark spots or marblings on the throat and chest.
This species is not known to be able to call.

## Distribution and habitat

This species is endemic to southeastern Madagascar and is known from Midongy du sud National Park south to Andohahela National Park. It occurs in pristine and degraded forests, usually in mature ones, with one record from an open area next to a relict forest. It lives in fast-flowing, rocky streams at elevations of 50–1,000 m (160–3,280 ft) above sea level.

## Conservation status

Boehmantis microtympanum is currently considered Vulnerable by the IUCN due to its limited range and ongoing habitat destruction. Nevertheless, it is locally common and occurs in two national parks (Midongy du sud and Andohahela) as well as in Tsitongambarika Classified Forest.
# Adolphe Brezet

Adolphe Brezet was a French military officer who proclaimed himself as the President of the Free State of Counani in South America from 1904 to 1912.
Brezet was a mysterious figure who fought against the British in the Boer Wars of South Africa in the late 19th century before arriving in South America, and the Boer Republics had diplomatic relations with Brezet as a result.
According to contemporary sources, Counani consisted of a group of European adventurers that settled in a remote part of what is now the Brazilian state of Amapá. In order to boost speculation for investments, the men of Counani built fifty miles of railway tracks that led nowhere and had no trains running on them.
The ultimate fate of Brezet is entirely unknown, and Counani ceased to exist around the year 1912. It was ultimately a failed business venture, and never achieved recognized independence, or even much attention from Brazil.
# Changchun Normal University

Changchun Normal University (Chinese: 长春师范大学; pinyin: Chángchūn Shīfàn Dàxué; originally Changhun Teacher's College) is a university in Changchun, Jilin province, People's Republic of China.
The school currently has 61 undergraduate majors, covering the five disciplines of humanities, social sciences, science, engineering, and management.
# Alphabeat (disambiguation)

Alphabeat may refer to:
* Alphabeat, Danish band
** Alphabeat (album), self-titled album by Alphabeat
* "The Alphabeat" (song), song by David Guetta
# 1929 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's doubles

The 1929 World Table Tennis Championships men's doubles was the third edition of the men's doubles championship. Miklós Szabados and Viktor Barna defeated Sándor Glancz and Laszlo Bellak in the final by three sets to nil.

## Results

| Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| Miklós Szabados Viktor Barna | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Antonin Malecek Bohumil Hájek | 0 | Szabados Barna | 21 | 20 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Imre Magyar-Muller László Meszoli | 0 | Haydon Burls | 17 | 22 | 18 | 17 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Adrian Haydon Frank Burls | 3 | | | | | | Szabados Barna | 21 | 20 | 21 | 22 | | | | | |
| Mordecai Finberg I Rosenthal | 1 | | | | | | Szegedi Reti | 18 | 22 | 14 | 20 | | | | | |
| Lajos Dávid Valter Kolmodin | 3 | Dávid Kolmodin | 15 | 12 | 17 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Alfred Liebster Robert Thum | 2 | Szegedi Reti | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| György Szegedi Istvan Reti | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | Szabados Barna | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Charles Bull Fred Perry | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | Bellak Glancz | 15 | 14 | 13 |
| Arnold Oschin A. Stauer | 0 | Bull Perry | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Erwin Kohn Munio Pillinger | 0 | Mechlovits Kelen | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Zoltán Mechlovits István Kelen | 3 | | | | | | Bull Perry | 18 | 21 | 21 | 19 | 20 | | | | |
| Paul Flussmann Manfred Feher | 3 | | | | | | Bellak Glancz | 21 | 9 | 11 | 21 | 22 | | | | |
| Béla Nyitrai Ernő Földi | 1 | Flussmann Feher | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Laszlo Bellak Sándor Glancz | 3 | Bellak Glancz | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mikuláš Fried Josef Bergmann | 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Charlesbourg

Charlesbourg may refer to:
* Charlesbourg, Quebec City
* Charlesbourg-Haute-Saint-Charles, current federal electoral district
* Charlesbourg-Jacques-Cartier, former federal electoral district
* Charlesbourg (provincial electoral district), in Quebec
# Charles Campbell (footballer)

Charles Campbell (20 January 1854 – April 1927) was a Scottish footballer of the 1870s and 1880s who played for, and captained, Queen's Park and the Scotland national team.
A former pupil of the Edinburgh Academy, Campbell joined Queen's Park, Scotland's oldest football club, in 1870. He won eight Scottish Cup winner's medals with the club and was runner-up in the 1884 and 1885 FA Cup finals. He sometimes played under the pseudonym "C. Elliott", including in major finals. He was also a member of the famous English amateur side Corinthians.
Campbell earned 13 caps for Scotland between 1874 and 1886, captaining them on nine occasions. He scored his only Scotland goal in a 2–0 win over Wales in March 1877 and lost only one match while playing for his country.
A keen orator, Campbell was also an important football bureaucrat, serving on the Queen's Park committee between 1874 and 1890 and holding the position of club president in 1879–80. He was elected president of the Scottish Football Association for the 1889–90 season. Campbell also served as match official for the 1889 Scottish Cup Final.
Campbell later moved to Ireland, where he had strong family connections and had spent much of his childhood, and died there in 1927. He was posthumously inducted into the Scottish Football Hall of Fame in 2005.

## Career statistics
### International

Scotland :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 1874 | 1 | 0 |
| 1875 | — | — |
| 1876 | 1 | 0 |
| 1877 | 2 | 1 |
| 1878 | 1 | 0 |
| 1879 | 1 | 0 |
| 1880 | 1 | 0 |
| 1881 | 1 | 0 |
| 1882 | 2 | 0 |
| 1883 | — | — |
| 1884 | 1 | 0 |
| 1885 | 1 | 0 |
| 1886 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 13 | 1 |

#### International goals

    Scores and results list Scotland's goal tally first.
| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 5 March 1877 | Acton Park, Wrexham | Wales | 1–0 | 2–0 | Friendly |
# Charles Campbell (MP for Argyllshire)

Charles Campbell (c.1695–1741), of Auchnacreive, was a British Army officer and Scottish Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1736 to 1741.
Campbell was the second son of Hon. John Campbell of Mamore and brother of General John Campbell and William Campbell. He joined the army and was an ensign in the 12th Foot in 1726. He was in the 3rd Foot Guards in 1728 and became captain in the 15th Foot in. 1733.
Campbell was returned at a by-election on 27 April 1736 as Member of Parliament for Argyllshire on the interest of his first cousin, John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll. Following his cousin’s lead, he went into opposition and voted against the Spanish convention in 1739. He was returned again at the 1741 British general election.
In 1741, Campbell became a major in Robinson’s Marines and a lieutenant-colonel in the 61st Foot. He died unmarried in Jamaica on service on.8 October 1741.
# Charles Campbell (Queensland politician)

Charles Campbell (1843–1919) was a Queensland politician and a Member of the Queensland Legislative Council. He was regarded as the "father of local government in Queensland".

## Early life

Charles Campbell was born about 1843 at Cook's River near Petersham, Sydney, the son of Hugh Campbell and his wife Helen White (née Fraser). He arrived on the Darling Downs, Queensland with his brother in 1864 and pursued pastoral pursuits. He married Margaret Corr on 4 November 1873 in Queensland.

## Political life

Charles Campbell was a member of the Jondaryan Divisional Board since its inception in 1879 and was its chairman for 25 years, which was regarded as one of the best managed in the state.
He was also a member of the Toowoomba City Council and was at one time its mayor.
On 3 July 1914 Charles Campbell was appointed to the Queensland Legislative Council for life, terminating with his death on 18 March 1919.

## Later life

Charles Campbell died on 18 March 1919 at his residence in Campbell Street, Toowoomba. He was buried in the Presbyterian section of Drayton and Toowoomba Cemetery on 19 March 1919.
# Charles Coles (disambiguation)

Charles Coles was an American actor and tap dancer.
Charles Coles may also refer to:
* Charles Coles (footballer) (1879–1942), Australian rules footballer for Geelong Football Club
* Chuck Coles (born 1981), musician
* Chuck Coles (baseball) (1931–1996), Major League Baseball left fielder
* Charlie Coles (1942–2013), basketball coach
# Charles-Alexandre de Maurville de Langle

Charles-Alexandre de Maurville de Langle was a French Navy officer. He fought in the Indian Ocean under Suffren during the War of American Independence, captaining the 64-gun Sévère at the Battle of Trincomalee from 25 August to 3 September 1782, and at the Battle of Cuddalore on 20 June 1783.

## Biography

Charles-Alexandre de Maurville de Langle was born the third son of Marie Anne de Brach and Hippolyte Bernard Bidé de Maurville, an admiral in the French Navy. He was thus the brother of François-Joseph-Hippolyte Bidé de Maurville.
Maurville de Langle joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine on 12 November 1764. He was promoted to Lieutenant on 1 April 1778.
After Suffren relieved Cillart from command of Sévère in July 1782, in the wake of the Battle of Negapatam, he appointed Maurville de Langle to replace him.
Maurville de Langle captained Sévère at the Battle of Trincomalee from 25 August to 3 September 1782, and at the Battle of Cuddalore on 20 June 1783. Suffren was not impressed by his performance.
On 26 January 1784, Sévère was wrecked at the Cape of Good Hope. Consequently, he was retired from the Navy on 25 July.

## Sources and references

Notes
References
* ↑ Lacour-Gayet (1910), p. 656.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Lacour-Gayet (1910), p. 657.
* 1 2 Cunat (1852), p. 217.
* 1 2 Cunat (1852), p. 301-302.
* ↑ "Hippolyte Bernard BIDÉ de MAURVILLE". Officiers et anciens élèves. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
Bibliography
* Cunat, Charles (1852). Histoire du Bailli de Suffren. Rennes: A. Marteville et Lefas.
* Lacour-Gayet, G. (1910). La marine militaire de la France sous le règne de Louis XV. Paris: Honoré Champion.
# Charaxinae

The Charaxinae, the leafwings, are a nymphalid subfamily of butterflies that includes about 400 species, inhabiting mainly the tropics, although some species extend into temperate regions in North America, Europe, China, and southern Australia. Significant variations exist between the species. For example, some are medium sized and bright orange above, but mottled gray or brown below. This underwing coloration helps them resemble a dead leaf when they are at rest, as they keep their wings closed. With relatively few exceptions, the hindwings of the members of this subfamily have jagged edges.
Adults are very robust and fast flyers, and many are strongly attracted to drink liquids from carrion, dung, and rotten fruits, rather than nectar from flowers.
Males establish territories and perch on tree trunks, branches, and even the ground. The eggs are smooth and round and generally with a somewhat concave apex.
Some genera in this subfamily (notably Charaxes, Agrias, and Prepona) are very popular among butterfly collectors.

## Genera

Tribe Charaxini Guenée, 1865
* Polyura – nawabs
* Charaxes – rajahs and pashas, emperors
Tribe Euxanthini Rydon, 1971
* Euxanthe
Tribe Pallini Rydon, 1971
* Palla
Tribe Prothoini Roepke, 1938
* Prothoe
* Agatasa – glorious begum
Tribe Preponini Rydon, 1971
* Agrias
* Prepona
* Archaeoprepona
* Anaeomorpha (sometimes in Anaeini)
Tribe Anaeini (also see tribe article)
* Anaea
* Coenophlebia
* Consul
* Fountainea
* Hypna
* Memphis (formerly included in Anaea)
* Polygrapha
* Siderone
* Zaretis
# Chariesthes formosa

Chariesthes formosa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Karl Jordan in 1894. It is known from Gabon.
# Almanac X Alcron Prague

The Almanac X Alcron Prague is a historic hotel opened in 1932 as the Hotel Alcron, located in the Czech capital of Prague on Štěpánská, just off Wenceslas Square.

## History

The Hotel Alcron was constructed by its owner/architect Alois Krofta, a local businessman, and opened in 1932. Krofta named the hotel after himself, taking the first two letters of his first and last names and adding an "n" to match the Alcron, a boat from Greek mythology. Pre-WWII guests included Charlie Chaplin and Winston Churchill, while Joachim von Ribbentrop and Karl Hermann Frank stayed at the hotel during the German occupation of Czechoslovakia. In 1948, the Alcron was nationalized by the new communist government.
Following the fall of communism, the hotel closed in 1990, and the Krofta family filed claims for restitution in 1992. A legal battle ensued between two of Krofta's ex-wives and one of their daughters. The three women were eventually each given 1/3 ownership, which they each sold in 1995 to an Austrian-based firm, Crown WSF Ltd. In 1996, the new owners contracted Radisson SAS Hotels to manage the property upon its reopening. It was completely rebuilt and modernized at great expense, with the historic public rooms restored to their original Art Deco style.
The hotel reopened on 1 August 1998 as the Radisson SAS Hotel Prague. Crown secured the right to use the Alcron name two years later, and the property was renamed Radisson SAS Alcron Hotel. It was again renovated in 2008. The hotel was renamed Radisson Blu Alcron Hotel in 2009, when the Radisson SAS partnership ended. After twenty years of management by Radisson, the Alcron Hotel became independent and was renamed Alcron Hotel Prague on 1 January 2019.
The hotel closed in January 2022 for a €20 million renovation and reopened in March 2023 as Almanac X Prague, part of the Barcelona-based Almanac Hotels chain. It regained its historic name as Almanac X Alcron Prague a few months later.
# Charles Hoffman

Charles Hoffman may refer to:
* Charles Hoffman (screenwriter) (1911–1972), film and TV writer
* Charles Hoffman (politician) (born 1960), Republican member of the South Dakota House of Representatives
* Charles E. Hoffman (born 1949), chief executive
* Charles F. Hoffman (1878–1930), the pseudonym used by Ernest A. Janson, double Medal of Honor recipient during WWI
* Charles F. Hoffmann (1838–1913), German-American topographer with the Whitney Survey Party in California.
* Charles S. Hoffman, geneticist and co-developer of the Smash and Grab (biology) technique with Fred Winston
* Charles W. Hoffman (1829 - 1896), founding dean of Georgetown University Law Center and Law Librarian of Congress
* Charles Fenno Hoffman (1806–1884), American poet
* Charley Hoffman (born 1976), American golfer
* Charlie Hoffman (born 1956), Democratic member of the Kentucky House of Representatives
# Charles Ellis (cricketer, born 1830)

Charles Howard Ellis (9 August 1830 – 17 January 1880) was an English cricketer active from 1856 to 1868 who played for Sussex. He was born in Ditchling and died in Brighton. He appeared in 80 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled underarm. He scored 1,812 runs with a highest score of 83 and took 100 wickets with a best performance of eight for 96.
# Charles Ellis

Charles Ellis may refer to:
* Charles Alton Ellis (1876–1949), senior engineer for the design of the Golden Gate Bridge
* Charles Ellis (soccer) (1890–1954), American soccer midfielder
* Charles Ellis, 1st Baron Seaford (1771–1845), British politician
* Charles Ellis, 6th Baron Howard de Walden (1799–1868), his son, British peer and politician
* Charles Drummond Ellis (1895–1980), British physicist and scientific administrator
* Dick Ellis (Charles Howard Ellis, 1895–1975), Australian soldier and intelligence officer
* Charlie Ellis (1875–?), Australian rugby union player
* Charles H. Ellis III (born 1958), American preacher
* Charles D. Ellis (born 1937), American investment consultant
* Charles Ellis (cricketer, born 1830) (1830–1880), English cricketer
* Charles Ellis (cricketer, born 1815), English cricketer
* Charles Ellis Johnson (1857–1926), American photographer
* Charley Ellis (1944–2018), American boxer
# Charles Gray-Stack

Charles Maurice Gray-Stack (1912-1985) was Dean of Ardfert and Chancellor of St Mary's Cathedral, Limerick from 1966 until his death.
Gray-Stack was born in Armagh, educated at Trinity College, Dublin and ordained in 1939. He began his ecclesiastical career with curacies at Eglish, Clonevan, Killarney and Rathkeale. He held incumbencies at Adare from 1953 to 1961; and at Kenmare from 1961.
# Charles Townshend (historian)

Charles Jeremy Nigel Townshend FBA (born 27 July 1945) is a British historian. His most prominent field of research is the history of British rule in Ireland, but is also a historian of British influence and rule in the Middle East during and after World War I, the era of Mandatory Palestine, Mandatory Iraq, and the Emirate of Transjordan.

## Career

He worked for most of his career as a Professor of International History at Keele University. He retired and took Emeritus status in 2014.

## Awards and Distinctions

* 2008 – Fellow of the British Academy
# Antron Dillon

Antron Dwayne Dillon (born June 7, 1985) is a former American football defensive lineman. He played college football at the University of North Alabama and attended Independence High School in Independence, Louisiana. He has also been a member of the Arizona Rattlers, Portland Thunder, Los Angeles KISS, Jacksonville Sharks and Tampa Bay Storm.

## Early life

Dillon attended Independence High School.
US college sports recruiting information for high school athletes :
| Name | Hometown | High school / college | Height | Weight | Commit date |
| Antron Dillon LB | Independence, Louisiana | Independence High School | 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) | 210 lb (95 kg) | Jan 3, 2003 |
| Recruiting star ratings: Scout: Rivals: 247Sports: ||||||
| Overall recruiting rankings: Scout: 89 (LB) Rivals: -- (LB), -- (LA) ||||||
| Note: In many cases, Scout, Rivals, 247Sports, and ESPN may conflict in their listings of height and weight. In these cases, the average was taken. ESPN grades are on a 100-point scale. Sources: "Vanderbilt Football Commitment List". Rivals.com. Retrieved April 19, 2017. "Vanderbilt College Football Recruiting Commits". Scout.com. Retrieved April 19, 2017. "Scout.com Team Recruiting Rankings". Scout.com. Retrieved April 19, 2017. "2003 Team Ranking". Rivals.com. Retrieved April 19, 2017. ||||||

## College career

In January 2003, Dillon committed to play football for the Vanderbilt Commodores. Dillon transferred to Southwest Mississippi Community College for two seasons, before transferring to North Alabama. Dillon played with the Lions in 2007, then after a two-year gap, played again for the Lions in 2010.

## Professional career
### Arizona Rattlers

In October 2012, Dillon was assigned to the Arizona Rattlers on a two-year deal. Dillon helped the Rattlers to two ArenaBowl championships in 2013 and 2014.

### Portland Thunder

Dillon was assigned to the Portland Thunder during the 2013 Expansion Draft.

### Los Angeles KISS

In February 2015, Dillon was assigned to the Los Angeles KISS.

### Jacksonville Sharks

In March 2016, Dillon was assigned to the Jacksonville Sharks.

### Tampa Bay Storm

On January 12, 2017, Dillon was assigned to the Tampa Bay Storm. The Storm folded in December 2017.

### Florida Tarpons

Dillon signed with the Florida Tarpons of the American Arena League on January 22, 2018.

### Atlantic City Blackjacks

On March 18, 2019, Dillon was assigned to the Atlantic City Blackjacks.
# Charles Mayo (Anglo-Saxon scholar)

Charles Mayo (1767–1858) was an English clergyman and professor of Anglo-Saxon.

## Life

Born in London 24 March 1767, he was second son of Herbert Mayo, D.D. (1720–1802), by his wife Mary, daughter of George Coldham, surgeon extraordinary to the Prince of Wales. Charles was admitted to Merchant Taylors' School, 1776, and elected to St John's College, Oxford, 1785, where he became Fellow in 1788. He graduated M.A. 1793, and B.D. 1796.
In 1795 he was elected the first Rawlinsonian Professor of Anglo-Saxon, being the first to hold the Oxford position, which had a tenure of five years. Samuel Parr states that his lectures were applauded. Mayo took holy orders and was Whitehall preacher 1799–1800, and morning lecturer at the old chapel of St Michael, Highgate for thirty years. He was elected Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries in 1820, Fellow of the Royal Society in 1827, and a governor of Cholmeley School in Highgate 1842.
He resided during most of his life at Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, where he inherited in 1824 the manor of Andrewes and Le Motte from his grandmother Rebecca, daughter of Sir John Shaw, bart. He married Louisa, daughter of James Landon, but died without issue 10 December 1858, aged 91 years. He was buried at Cheshunt.