OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Château de Bourdeilles

The Château de Bourdeilles is a castle located in the commune of Bourdeilles in the Dordogne département in southwestern France. A castle may have existed at Bourdeilles in the 9th century, but the oldest parts of the current castle date from the early 14th century. The castle consists of an octagonal keep, connected to a two-story building of which only the outer walls remain. Next to the old castle, a Renaissance palace was built at the end of the 16th century. Much of the interior decoration has been preserved. The castle and the palace are surrounded by a wall. The entrance gate is protected by two round towers. Since 1919, the château has been listed as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

## Gallery

* View of the keep.
* The Renaissance palace.
* The bridge of Bourdeilles.
# Arthur Sutton Valpy

Arthur Sutton Valpy (28 March 1849 – 15 June 1909) was a canon of Winchester Cathedral.

## Early life and education

Valpy was a descendant of Richard Valpy and his wife Emily Anne Sutton. He was educated at Eton College (which he left in 1864) and at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, where he was awarded a Master of Arts degree in 1876 and was made a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries.
He was ordained deacon at York in 1873, and priest the following year, serving curacies at Middlesbrough, 1873 to 1875, and at Kensington, 1875 to 1878.

## Appointments

Valpy was Rector of Farnborough from 1878 to 1882.
He served as warden to the Church of England Soldiers' Institute and acting chaplain to the forces as Aldershot and as Rector of Holy Trinity, Guildford.
He was appointed Canon Residentiary of Winchester in 1895.
In December 1901, Valpy and his wife left London for South Africa, where he acted as Archdeacon of Kimberley and Rector of St Cyprian's Church during 1902.

## Valpy as artist and his influence on English style

Canon Valpy has been credited with having injected "new life and a lightness of touch" in English style, as documented in interiors he painted in water-colours now preserved in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London. "This inspired churchman", comments Carolyn McDowell, "put together a collection of 18c furniture, decorated his plain walls with clusters of low hung watercolors and prints, used a pretty chintz loose cover on the chairs, replaced indiscriminate clutter with a few well chosen ornaments and placed piles of books lying around for reading, rather than for show". Over the mantel in his Drawing Room is a pre-raphaelite portrait by Rossetti, revealing that he was "a very astute purchaser".
Valpy's name appears in an address book belonging to James McNeill Whistler in the 1870s.
Valpy inherited Champneys a country house estate at Wigginton. He rebuilt the house in 1874 later selling it to Lady Rothschild between 1900 and 1902.

## In memoriam

The beautifully carved wooden altar from St Edward's Church, Kenilworth, in Kimberley, South Africa, now at St Cyprian's Cathedral, Kimberley, bears an inscription in memory of "Arthur Sutton Valpy, Canon of Winchester, England, who fell asleep 15 June 1909. While in charge of S. Cyprian’s Kimberley, he assisted S. Edward’s in every way. R.I.P".
# Arthur Coode

Arthur Trevenen Coode (5 February 1876 – 28 December 1940) was an English first-class cricketer active from 1898 to 1901 who played for Middlesex. Coode was born in St Helier, Jersey and died in Hazlemere.
# 1945 Palestine Premier League

The 1945 Palestine Premier League was the first edition of the first tier in the Arab Palestinian football league system (organised by the APSF). The league champions and winners of the trophy, named Arab Bank Shield, was Islamic Sport Club Jaffa.

## Competition format

Clubs affiliated to the APSF split into six regional leagues. The champion of each of the six regions advanced to the Palestine championship.

## Results
### Semi-finals

| Home Team | Score | Away Team |
| Orthodox Club Jerusalem | 1–0 | Dajani Sports Club |
| Islamic Sport Club Jaffa | 3–2 | Shabab al-Arab Haifa |
Source:
# Cicindela depressula

Cicindela depressula, the dispirited tiger beetle, is a species of flashy tiger beetle in the family Cicindelidae. It is found in North America.

## Subspecies

Two subspecies have been described:
* Cicindela depressula depressula Casey, 1897, the Dispirited Tiger Beetle, is found in mountain ranges from southern Alaska south to the Sierra Nevada in east-central California and western Nevada; it is also found in the Rocky Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, northern Idaho, and western Montana.
* Cicindela depressula eureka Fall, 1901, the Eureka Tiger Beetle, is found in a narrow area in proximity of the Pacific Coast from northern Washington State to northern California.
# Cicindela decemnotata

Cicindela decemnotata, the badlands tiger beetle, is a species of flashy tiger beetle in the family Cicindelidae. It is found in North America.

## Subspecies

These five subspecies belong to the species Cicindela decemnotata:
* Cicindela decemnotata albertina Casey
* Cicindela decemnotata bonnevillensis Knisley & Kippenhan, 2012
* Cicindela decemnotata decemnotata Say, 1817 (badlands tiger beetle)
* Cicindela decemnotata meriwetheri Knisley & Kippenhan, 2012
* Cicindela decemnotata montevolans Knisley & Kippenhan, 2012
# Arvind Kumar Chaudhary

Arvind Maihar Kumar Chaudhary is an Indian politician, belonging to Samajwadi Party. In the 2009 election he was elected to the Lok Sabha from Basti in Uttar Pradesh.

## Political career

Arvind Kumar Chaudhary has been a Member of Parliament in 15th Lok Sabha. In General Election 2009, he has represented the Basti constituency and is a member of the Bahujan Samaj Party. He defeated Samajwadi Party candidate Raj Kishor Singh by record margin of 1,05,210 votes.

## Posts held

| # | From | To | Position | Comments |
| 01 | 2009 | 2014 | Member, 15th Lok Sabha | |
# Arvind Krishnamurthy

Arvind Krishnamurthy is the Short-Dooley Professor at the Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington. He is currently serving as the Vice President of USENIX (since 2020), and was named an ACM Fellow in 2020. His primary areas of research are computer networks and distributed systems.
Arvind Krishnamurthy received his bachelor's degree from IIT Madras (1991) and his masters (1994) and doctoral degrees (1999) from University of California, Berkeley.
# Cikcilli, Alanya

Cikcilli is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Alanya, Antalya Province, Turkey. Its population is 21,449 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde).
It is located on the eastern-northeastern side of Alanya city.
# Arzachel (disambiguation)

Arzachel was an Arabic astronomer and mathematician.
Arzachel may also refer to:
* Arzachel (crater), a lunar crater
* Arzachel (band), a pyseudonym of the 1960s band Uriel and name of their sole album
# Arthur Hoare (cricketer, born 1840)

Arthur Hoare (16 September 1840 – 26 December 1896) was an English amateur cricketer. Hoare was a right-handed batsman, who played in first-class cricket matches for both Sussex County Cricket Club and Kent County Cricket Club. He played in a number of non-first-class matches for teams such as MCC between 1863 and 1883.
Hoare was born at Withyham in Sussex in 1840. He made his first-class debut for Sussex against Kent in 1869 at Tunbridge Wells before going on to play for Kent in 1871 against WG Grace's XI at Maidstone. He made his final first-class appearance cricket for Sussex against Yorkshire in 1873 at Sheffield.
He died at Edenbridge in Kent in December 1896, aged 56.
# Arthur Langhammer

Arthur Langhammer (July 6, 1854 – July 4, 1901) was a German Impressionist painter and illustrator best known for rural genre paintings.

## Biography

Arthur Langhammer was born in Lützen, Germany. He studied art first at the Leipzig Art Academy and then at the Munich Art Academy, graduating in 1882. He initially earned his living as an illustrator.
In 1888 his friend Adolf Hölzel moved to the village of Dachau, Germany, and Langhammer began spending time there as well. In 1897, Hölzel, Langhammer and Ludwig Dill founded the "New Dachau" art school, which became the keystone of the burgeoning Dachau art colony. In 1898, the new colony achieved national recognition when Hölzel, Dill, and Langhammer mounted a joint exhibition in Berlin under the title "The Dachauer". Langhammer moved to Dachau permanently in 1900.
Langhammer specialized in idealized rural genre paintings of people working in the fields or at home. He painted in an Impressionist style with vigorous brushwork and a rich color palette. He showed with the Munich Secession, and his work is now held by museums and galleries in Dachau, Lützen and elsewhere.
He died in Dachau.
# 1954 European Athletics Championships – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay

The men's 4 x 400 metres relay at the 1954 European Athletics Championships was held in Bern, Switzerland, at Stadion Neufeld on 28 and 29 August 1954.

## Medalists

| Gold | Pierre Haarhoff Jacques Degats Jean-Paul Martin-du-Gard Jean-Pierre Goudeau France |
| Silver | Hans Geister Helmut Dreher Heinz Ulzheimer Karl-Friedrich Haas West Germany |
| Bronze | Ragnar Graeffe Sven-Oswald Mildh Rolf Back Voitto Hellsten Finland |

## Results
### Final

29 August
| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| | France | Pierre Haarhoff Jacques Degats Jean-Paul Martin-du-Gard Jean-Pierre Goudeau | 3:08.7 | CR NR |
| | West Germany | Hans Geister Helmut Dreher Heinz Ulzheimer Karl-Friedrich Haas | 3:08.8 | |
| | Finland | Ragnar Graeffe Sven-Oswald Mildh Rolf Back Voitto Hellsten | 3:11.5 | |
| 4 | Sweden | Gösta Brännström Uno Elofsson Tage Ekfeldt Lars-Erik Wolfbrandt | 3:12.5 | |
| 5 | Hungary | Péter Karádi Lajos Szentgáli Egon Solymossy Zoltán Adamik | 3:26.1 | |
| | Great Britain | Peter Higgins Alan Dick Peter Fryer Derek Johnson | DQ | |

### Heats

28 August

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Hungary | Péter Karádi Lajos Szentgáli Egon Solymossy Zoltán Adamik | 3:12.0 | Q |
| 2 | Sweden | Gösta Brännström Uno Elofsson Tage Ekfeldt Lars-Erik Wolfbrandt | 3:12.8 | Q |
| 3 | Soviet Union | Oleg Ageyev Edmunds Pīlāgs Timofey Shevchenko Yuriy Bitter | 3:14.1 | |
| 4 | Austria | Gerald Wicher Rudolf Haidegger Hans Muchitsch Ernst Suppan | 3:25.7 | |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| 1 | West Germany | Hans Geister Helmut Dreher Heinz Ulzheimer Karl-Friedrich Haas | 3:09.7 | CR Q |
| 2 | France | Pierre Haarhoff Jacques Degats Jean-Paul Martin-du-Gard Jean-Pierre Goudeau | 3:11.2 | Q |
| 3 | Switzerland | René Weber Josef Steger Ernst Vogel Jean-Jacques Hegg | 3:13.4 | |

#### Heat 3

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Great Britain | Peter Higgins Alan Dick Peter Fryer Derek Johnson | 3:10.8 | Q |
| 2 | Finland | Ragnar Graeffe Sven-Oswald Mildh Rolf Back Voitto Hellsten | 3:11.3 | NR Q |
| 3 | Poland | Stanisław Swatowski Zbigniew Makomaski Lech Sierek Gerard Mach | 3:13.1 | NR |
| 4 | Belgium | Charles Cuvelier Roger Moens Lucien De Muynck Dirk Stoclet | 3:15.9 | |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 44 athletes from 11 countries participated in the event.
* Austria (4)
* Belgium (4)
* Finland (4)
* France (4)
* Hungary (4)
* Poland (4)
* Soviet Union (4)
* Sweden (4)
* Switzerland (4)
* Great Britain (4)
* West Germany (4)
# Cinchophen

Cinchophen (trade names Atophan, Quinophan, and Phenaquin) is an analgesic drug that was first produced by Doebner & Gieskel in 1887, it was commercially introduced in 1908 as a treatment for gout. This drug is still used, in combination with Prednisolone, by veterinarians to treat arthritis in animals. It can be prepared starting from anilin, benzaldehyde and pyruvic acid in absolute ethanol. Use of this drug in humans ceased in the 1930s due to the discovery that cinchophen can cause serious liver damage. There is some evidence that it stimulates C-Fos.

## History

Cinchophen was first introduced in 1908 as 'Atophan' and used for the treatment of gout and arthritis. It was efficacious at reducing the buildup of uric acid and became a popular medicine. Further studies in 1911 and 1912 were successful in isolating metabolites of cinchophen from human urine. During the 1920s, cases of severe adverse effects such as liver damage and cirrhosis had been clinically observed; the first case of jaundice was recorded in 1923 and the first fatality occurred in 1925. Approximately half of all patients experienced toxic effects and by 1932 there were 32 drugs available that contained cinchophen or its derivatives as their active ingredients, experiments were conducted to determine the drugs pharmacology but the mechanism of drug induced liver injury remained unclear. Cinchophen was considered to be too dangerous for human use in most countries but has applications in veterinary medicine as a treatment for osteoarthritis in dogs.

## Available forms

Cinchophen can be administered orally in tablet form or intravenously in liquid form.

## Toxicity and side-effects

Cinchophen toxicity may present 6 to 12 hours after administration. Symptoms can include hyperventilation, hyperthermia (fever), gastrointestinal discomfort, diarrhoea, hives, vomiting, delirium, hepatitis, jaundice, anorexia, convulsions, coma and death. Fatty degeneration of the heart and kidneys, necrosis of hepatic cells in addition to yellow atrophy of the liver have been recorded in autopsy findings.

## Treatment

Cinchophen administration should be immediately ceased if symptoms occur. There is no cure for acute cinchophen poisoning but early diagnosis and symptomatic treatments may be effective. Calcium lactate may be used to treat hives and oral or intravenous glucose can relieve gastrointestinal symptoms. If glucose is given, insulin may be needed to protect the liver from further damage. Oral alkali treatments can combat acidosis and anti-emetics may be required to manage nausea and vomiting.

## Veterinary medicine

Cinchophen is the main active ingredient in prednoleucotropin (PLT), a medication used in the treatment of osteoarthritis in dogs. PLT may produce analgesic and anti-pyretic effects at higher doses. Osteoarthritic dogs treated with PLT have shown significant improvement of joint mobility, stiffness, lameness and weight bearing capacity. When administered correctly, PLT has shown similar clinical efficacy to phenylbutazone. The effects of PLT toxicity in dogs are similar to cinchophen toxicity in humans and include hepatotoxicity and gastric ulceration.
# 1954 Valdostan regional election

The Valdostan regional election of 1954 took place on 6 November 1954.
The Christian Democracy broke up with the Valdostan Union and it won this its centrist allies.

## Results

Electoral system: limited voting (jackpot for winners: 25 seats)
seats :
| Christian Democracy – Italian Liberal Party – Italian Democratic Socialist Party | 22,663 | 40.7 | 25 |
| Italian Communist Party – Italian Socialist Party | 16,794 | 30.1 | 9 |
| Valdostan Union | 16,278 | 29.2 | 1 |
| Total | 55,735 | 100.0 | 35 |
Sources: Regional Council of Aosta Valley and Istituto Cattaneo
# Arun Kumar V.R.

Arun Kumar V.R. is an Indian film producer, distributor, cinema exhibitor who works in Malayalam film industry. He began his career as executive producer in 2011 with Amal Neerad productions and started career as producer in Malayalam films in 2021. He established the film production house Film roll, which exclusively produces Malayalam films. He is an active member of Malayalam film producers Association.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2022 | Kuttavum Shikshayum (2021 film) | (producer) |
| 2022 | Thuramukham (2022 film), The Harbour | (executive producer) |
| 2018 | Varathan | (executive producer) |
| 2017 | CIA: Comrade in America | (executive producer) |
| 2014 | Iyobinte Pusthakam | (executive producer) |
# 1949 Ottawa Rough Riders season

The 1949 Ottawa Rough Riders finished in first place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union with an 11–1 record, but lost the IRFU Finals to the eventual Grey Cup champion Montreal Alouettes. This season was the best in franchise history, in terms of winning percentage, since the undefeated team from the 1905 season. This season also set the franchise record for most wins in a season, which would be matched, but not surpassed, four more times.

## Preseason

| Game | Date | Opponent | Results | Results | Venue | Attendance |
| Game | Date | Opponent | Score | Record | Venue | Attendance |
| A | Sat, Aug 13 | vs. Hamilton Tigers | W 25–1 | 1–0 | Lansdowne Park | 9,000 |

## Regular season
### Standings

Interprovincial Rugby Football Union :
| Team | GP | W | L | T | PF | PA | Pts |
| Ottawa Rough Riders | 12 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 261 | 170 | 22 |
| Montreal Alouettes | 12 | 8 | 4 | 0 | 295 | 204 | 16 |
| Toronto Argonauts | 12 | 5 | 7 | 0 | 209 | 254 | 10 |
| Hamilton Wildcats | 12 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 147 | 284 | 0 |

### Schedule

| Week | Game | Date | Opponent | Results | Results | Venue | Attendance |
| Week | Game | Date | Opponent | Score | Record | Venue | Attendance |
| 1 | 1 | Sat, Aug 27 | at Montreal Alouettes | W 7–6 | 1–0 | Delorimier Stadium | 14,958 |
| 2 | 2 | Mon, Sept 3 | vs. Montreal Alouettes | W 22–21 | 2–0 | Lansdowne Park | 14,958 |
| 3 | 3 | Mon, Sept 10 | at Toronto Argonauts | W 33–8 | 3–0 | Varsity Stadium | 19,000 |
| 4 | 4 | Mon, Sept 17 | vs. Hamilton Wildcats | W 11–6 | 4–0 | Lansdowne Park | 8,000 |
| 5 | 5 | Mon, Sept 24 | at Hamilton Wildcats | W 17–10 | 5–0 | Civic Stadium | 7,000 |
| 6 | 6 | Sat, Oct 1 | vs. Toronto Argonauts | W 20–18 | 6–0 | Lansdowne Park | 16,424 |
| 7 | 7 | Sat, Oct 8 | vs. Montreal Alouettes | L 13–25 | 6–1 | Lansdowne Park | 14,000 |
| 7 | 8 | Sun, Oct 9 | at Montreal Alouettes | W 12–9 | 7–1 | Delorimier Stadium | 20,000 |
| 8 | 9 | Sat, Oct 15 | at Hamilton Wildcats | W 28–19 | 8–1 | Civic Stadium | 5,000 |
| 9 | 10 | Sat, Oct 22 | at Toronto Argonauts | W 32–16 | 9–1 | Varsity Stadium | 19,000 |
| 10 | 11 | Sat, Oct 29 | vs. Toronto Argonauts | W 13–9 | 10–1 | Lansdowne Park | 15,000 |
| 11 | 12 | Sat, Nov 5 | vs. Hamilton Wildcats | W 23–18 | 11–1 | Lansdowne Park | 9,000 |

## Postseason
### Playoffs

| Round | Date | Opponent | Results | Results | Venue | Attendance |
| Round | Date | Opponent | Score | Record | Venue | Attendance |
| IRFU Final #1 | Wed, Nov 9 | at Montreal Alouettes | L 7–22 | 0–1 | Delorimier Stadium | 15,272 |
| IRFU Final #2 | Sat, Nov 12 | vs. Montreal Alouettes | L 13–14 | 0–2 | Lansdowne Park | 17,000 |
# 1949 Ostzonenmeisterschaft final

The 1949 Ostzonenmeisterschaft Final decided the winner of the 1949 Ostzonenmeisterschaft, the 2nd edition of the Ostzonenmeisterschaft, a knockout football cup competition to decide the champions of the Soviet occupation zone.
The match was played on 26 June 1949 at the Stadion im Ostragehege in Dresden. Union Halle won the match 4–1 against Fortuna Erfurt for their 1st title.

## Route to the final

The Ostzonenmeisterschaft was a ten team single-elimination knockout cup competition. There were a total of three rounds leading up to the final. Four teams entered the qualifying round, with the two winners advancing to the quarter-finals, where they were joined by six additional clubs who were given a bye. For all matches, the winner after 90 minutes advances. If still tied, extra time was used to determine the winner.
| Union Halle | Union Halle | Round | Fortuna Erfurt | Fortuna Erfurt |
| Opponent | Result | 1949 Ostzonenmeisterschaft | Opponent | Result |
| SG Dresden-Friedrichstadt | 2–1 | Quarter-finals | SG Wismar-Süd | 10–0 |
| Eintracht Stendal | 3–0 | Semi-finals | SG Meerane | 4–3 (a.e.t.) |

## Match
### Details

| Union Halle | Fortuna Erfurt |
| GK | Horst Schmidt |
| RB | Fritz Belger |
| LB | Erich Lehmann |
| RH | Kurt Fritzsche |
| CH | Otto Knefler |
| LH | Erich Blanke |
| OR | Rolf Theile |
| IR | Otto Werkmeister |
| CF | Herbert Rappsilber |
| IL | Horst Blüher |
| OL | Karl Gola |
| GK | Heinz Grünbeck |
| RB | Horst Müller |
| LB | Siegfried Vollrath |
| RH | Werner Brock |
| CH | Helmut Nordhaus |
| LH | Jochen Müller |
| OR | Herbert Löbe |
| IR | Willy Dittmar |
| CF | Fritz Schmidt |
| IL | Winfried Herz |
| OL | Kurt Thein |
# Actias kongjiaria

Actias kongjiaria is a moth in the family Saturniidae. It is found in China.

## Subspecies

* Actias kongjiaria kongjiaria
* Actias kongjiaria shaangxiana Brechlin, 2007 (China: Shaanxi)
# APRL

APRL may refer to:
* American Philatelic Research Library, a public philatelic library in the United States
* Animal Protection and Rescue League, a grassroots animal rights organization based in the United States
# Alberga, Sweden

Alberga is a locality situated in Eskilstuna Municipality, Södermanland County, Sweden with 395 inhabitants in 2010.
Alberga is connected to Eskilstuna, Ärla and Västermo with buses operated by Länstrafiken Sörmland.
# Ashford Hill Woods and Meadows

Ashford Hill Woods and Meadows is a 141.5-hectare (350-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest near Ashford Hill in Hampshire. An area of 23.45 hectares (57.9 acres) is Ashford Hill NNR, which is a National Nature Reserve.
This biologically rich site is a valley on London Clay and Lower Bagshot Beds. It has varied woodlands and agriculturally unimproved meadows. The diverse invertebrate fauna includes 31 species of butterflies and more than 400 species of moth, including the uncommon orange moth and pale oak eggar.
# Aidan Caves

Aidan Caves (born 3 January 1995) is a Canadian professional track cyclist. He won the silver medal at the 2015 Pan American Track Cycling Championships in the scratch and at the 2016 Pan American Track Cycling Championships in the team pursuit also setting the Canadian Record with his teammates. Later he went on to win the gold medal and champions jersey in the Omnium at 2016 Pan American Track Cycling Championships. Back in 2014, he participated at the 2014 Commonwealth Games. In 2018, he won Silver at the 2018 Commonwealth Games He has 11 National Championship wins throughout his career, along with multiple medals at World Cups and three Pan American Titles.
# Asclepius (treatise)

The Asclepius, also known as the Perfect Discourse (from the Greek Logos teleios), is a religio-philosophical Hermetic treatise. The original Greek text, which was likely written in Alexandria between 100 CE and 300 CE, is largely lost and only a few fragments remain. However, the full text is extant in an early Latin translation, and fragments from a Coptic translation have also been found among the documents discovered in Nag Hammadi.

## Contents

The text takes the form of a dialogue, set in the sanctuary of an Egyptian temple, between Hermes Trismegistus and three of his students: Asclepius (a grandson of the Greek god and physician Asclepius), Tat, and Hammon.

## Legacy

Medieval Latin readers had access to many Hermetic treatises of a 'technical' nature (astrological, alchemical, or magical, often translated from the Arabic). However, the Asclepius was the only Hermetic treatise belonging to the 'religio-philosophical' category that was available in Latin before Marsilio Ficino's (1433–1499) and Lodovico Lazzarelli's (1447–1500) translation of the 17 Greek treatises that constitute the Corpus Hermeticum. During the Middle Ages, the Asclepius was falsely attributed to the Middle Platonist philosopher Apuleius (c. 124 – after 170).
The text of the Asclepius was used by the philosopher Peter Abelard (1079–1142) and his student Robert of Melun (c. 1100–1167) as a means to prove that knowledge of the Trinity was naturally available to pagans. Albertus Magnus (c. 1200–1280) praised the idea developed in the Asclepius that the human being forms a link between God and the world, uniting in themselves both the spiritual nature of divine beings and the corporeal nature of the material world.