OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Athletics at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Women's 200 metres T35

| Athletics at the 2012 Summer Paralympics | Athletics at the 2012 Summer Paralympics | Athletics at the 2012 Summer Paralympics | Athletics at the 2012 Summer Paralympics | Athletics at the 2012 Summer Paralympics | |
| Classification |||||||
| T/F11–13: Blind and visually impaired |||||||
| T/F20: Intellectual disability |||||||
| T/F31–38: Cerebral palsy |||||||
| F40: Les Autres |||||||
| T/F42–46: Amputees |||||||
| T/F51–58: Spinal cord disability |||||||
| Men T/F31–38 |||||||
| Track |||||||
| 100 m | T34 | | T35 | | T36 |
| | T37 | | T38 | | |
| 200 m | T34 | | T35 | | T36 |
| | T37 | | T38 | | |
| 400 m | T36 | | T38 | | |
| 800 m | T36 | | T37 | | |
| 1500 m | T37 | | | | |
| Field |||||||
| Long jump | F36 | | | F37-38 | F37-38 |
| Shot put | F32-33 | F32-33 | F32-33 | | F34 |
| | F37-38 | F37-38 | F37-38 |
| Club throw | F31-32/51 | F31-32/51 | F31-32/51 |
| Discus throw | F32-34 | F32-34 | F32-34 | F35-36 | F35-36 |
| | F37-38 | F37-38 | F37-38 |
| Javelin throw | F33-34 | F33-34 | F33-34 |
| Women T/F31–38 |||||||
| Track |||||||
| 100 m | T34 | | T35 | | T36 |
| | T37 | | T38 | | |
| 200 m | T34 | | T35 | | T36 |
| | T37 | | T38 | | |
| 400 m | T37 |
| 4×100 m relay | T35-38 | T35-38 | T35-38 |
| Field |||||||
| Long jump | F37-38 | F37-38 |
| Shot put | F32-34 | F32-34 | F32-34 | F35-36 | F35-36 |
| | F37 |
| Club throw | F31-32/51 | F31-32/51 | F31-32/51 |
| Discus throw | F35-36 | F35-36 | F35-36 | | F37 |
| Javelin throw | F33-34/52-53 | F33-34/52-53 | F33-34/52-53 | | F37-38 |
The Women's 200 metres T35 event at the 2012 Summer Paralympics took place at the London Olympic Stadium on 31 August. The event consisted of a single race.
The T35 category is for ambulant athletes with cerebral palsy. The typical T35 athlete may need assistive devices for walking. The athlete may have sufficient function to run but demonstrates poor balance.

## Records

Prior to the competition, the existing World and Paralympic records were as follows:
| World record | Zanela Jaksyte (LTU) | 36.57 | 26 August 2005 | Espoo, Finland |
| Paralympic record | Not previously competed | Not previously competed | Not previously competed | Not previously competed |

## Results

Competed 31 August 2012 at 20:15.
| Rank | Athlete | Country | Time | Notes |
| | Liu Ping | China | 32.72 | |
| | Oxana Corso | Italy | 33.68 | RR |
| | Virginia McLachlan | Canada | 34.31 | RR |
| 4 | Sophia Warner | Great Britain | 35.25 | PB |
| 5 | Anna Luxova | Czech Republic | 35.43 | PB |
| 6 | Erinn Walters | Australia | 36.31 | |
| 7 | Rachael Dodds | Australia | 36.75 | |
| 8 | Fatima Del Rocio Perez Garcia | Mexico | 37.60 | |
| | | | Wind: Nil | Wind: Nil |
Q = qualified by place. q = qualified by time. RR = Regional Record. PB = Personal Best. SB = Seasonal Best.
# Columbus (company)

Columbus Tubi is a manufacturer of steel tubing used in bicycle frames, located in Settala, in the Province of Milan. The company was founded in 1919 by A.L. Colombo and was taken over by Colombo's youngest son, Antonio, in 1977. It is now a division of Gruppo SPA, which also owns the bicycle manufacturer Cinelli.
Columbus tubing was the main competitor to TI Reynolds 531 in the bicycle tube set market with many of the big name Italian manufacturers of bicycles and framesets utilising their products. Famous name builders such as Bianchi, Centurion Bicycles (after 1981), De Rosa, Ciocc, Pinarello, and Colnago all specified the Columbus tubesets as part of their range.
Today the company produces a wide variety of butted tubes, and also produces pre-formed carbon fiber components.
# 1-Decyne

1-Decyne is the organic compound with the formula C$_8$H$_{17}$C≡CH. It is a terminal alkyne. A colorless liquid, 1-decyne is used as a model substrate when evaluating methodology in organic synthesis. It participates in a number of classical reactions including Suzuki-Miyaura couplings, Sonogashira couplings, Huisgen cycloadditions, and borylations.
Under the catalysis of platinum, it reacts with hydrogen to produce decane.
# Daughters of Dolma

Daughters of Dolma is a feature-length documentary about spirituality, modernity and gender issues as embodied by Tibetan Buddhist Nuns. It is directed by Adam Miklos and produced by Alex Co.
# 1993 PBA All-Star Game

The 1993 PBA All-Star Game is the annual all-star weekend of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). The events were held on June 6, 1993, at the Cuneta Astrodome in Pasay.

## Skills challenge winners

* Slam Dunk Competition: Vergel Meneses
* Three-point shootout: Elmer Cabahug (11-10 over Allan Caidic in the sudden death shootout after the first two rounds)

## Special Feature

Showbiz stars entertain the fans with a basketball game as they await the main PBA All-Star event. Four Da Boys, led by Willie Revillame with 22 points and playing-coach Phillip Salvador won over D'Kool Doods of Edu Manzano, 85–71. Among those who also played were Cesar Montano, Jinggoy Estrada, Anjo Yllana and former PBA player turned comedian Jimmy Santos, who provide the comic relief.

## All-Star Game
### Game

* Vintage
* June 6
North All-Stars 149, South All-Stars 129 :
* Pts: Allan Caidic 40
* Allan Caidic was named the game's most valuable player, topscored for the North All-Stars with 40 points atop his record setting 9 three-point shots. ||
* Cuneta Astrodome, Pasay

## Recognitions

Three of the league Pioneers; Fortunato "Atoy" Co, Philip Cezar and Bernie Fabiosa were presented Plaque of Recognitions by the PBA during the All-Star Event.
# Cristina Roccati

Cristina Roccati (24 October 1732 in Rovigo – 16 March 1797 in Rovigo) was an Italian physicist and poet who earned a degree at the University of Bologna (1751). This was the third academic qualification ever bestowed on a woman by an Italian university.

## Biography

Roccati was born to Giovan Battista and Antonia Campo, who belonged to a well-off family in Rovigo, Italy.
Roccati studied classical languages under Peter Bertaglia Arquà, rector of the seminary at Rovigo, and at the age of 15 she won accolades from the Accademia dei Concordi Ordna for her poems. In 1747, she was given permission by her parents to study natural philosophy at the University of Bologna under the guardianship of Bertaglia. There, she was admitted to the university the same year as the first non-Bolognese student. She studied literature, logic, metaphysics, morality, meteorology and astronomy, but she concentrated much of her effort on physics and natural science.
She was decorated for her poems and sonnets in Bologna, just as she had been in Rovigo. She became a member of the Academy of Concordia (1749), the Accademia degli Apatisti in Florence (1750) and the Accademia nell'Arcadia (under the name Aganice Aretusiana) (1753), as well as the Accademia degli Ardenti in Bologna and the Ricoverati in Padua.
On 5 May 1751, during a time when opportunities for higher education were often denied to women, Roccati, who was considered a prodigy, was awarded a degree in philosophy becoming, according to Wertheim, "only the third woman ever to gain academic qualifications." She went on to study at the University of Padua with concentrations in Newtonian physics, Greek and Hebrew, while continuing to cultivate her literary interests and compose new verses. Beginning in 1751, she was active as a teacher in physics at the Accademia dei Concordi di Rovigo (and taught there until at least 1777). In 1752, however, her family fell into financial ruin forcing her to interrupt her studies at Padua and return home to Rovigo where she taught physics.
At the Accademia dei Concordi in Rovigo, Roccati held evening courses in Newtonian physics for other members. Of her lesson plans for those lectures, only 51 have been found. In 1754, she was elected president of the Accademia dei Concordi of Rovigo.
Cristina Roccati died in Rovigo on 16 March 1797.
# Charles H. Ham

Charles H. Ham (January 22, 1831 – October 16, 1902) was a Member and President of the Board of General Appraisers.

## Education and career

Born on January 22, 1831, in New Hampshire, Ham read law and entered private practice in Chicago, Illinois from 1858 to 1866. He served as appraiser of the Port of Chicago from 1871 to 1885. He was an editorial writer for the Chicago Tribune from 1885 to 1890. He served as assistant treasurer of Cook County, Illinois from 1885 to 1890.

## Federal judicial service

Ham was nominated by President Benjamin Harrison on July 2, 1890, to the Board of General Appraisers, to a new seat created by 26 Stat. 131. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 16, 1890, and received his commission the same day. He served as President from 1897 to 1902. His service terminated on August 1, 1902, due to his resignation. He was succeeded by Byron Sylvester Waite.

## Death

Ham died on October 16, 1902, in Montclair, New Jersey.
# Athletics at the 2019 Pan American Games – Men's discus throw

The men's discus throw competition of the athletics events at the 2019 Pan American Games took place on the 6th of August at the 2019 Pan American Games Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Fedrick Dacres from Jamaica.

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
| World record | Jürgen Schult (GDR) | 74.08 m | Neubrandenburg, East Germany | June 6, 1986 |
| Pan American Games record | Luis Delis (CUB) | 67.32 m | Caracas, Venezuela | August 25, 1983 |

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| August 6, 2019 | 15:30 | Final |

## Results

All times shown are in meters.
| KEY: | q | Fastest non-qualifiers | Q | Qualified | NR | National record | PB | Personal best | SB | Seasonal best | DQ | Disqualified |

### Final

The results were as follows:
| Rank | Name | Nationality | #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | #6 | Mark | Notes |
| | Fedrick Dacres | Jamaica | 66.14 | 67.68 | x | 65.02 | 65.07 | x | 67.68 | PR |
| | Traves Smikle | Jamaica | 62.96 | x | 64.23 | 63.92 | 65.02 | 63.48 | 65.02 | |
| | Reginald Jagers III | United States | x | 64.48 | x | x | x | x | 64.48 | |
| 4 | Jorge Fernández | Cuba | 63.21 | 64.24 | 63.73 | 63.58 | 62.42 | 62.33 | 64.24 | |
| 5 | Mauricio Ortega | Colombia | 58.69 | 61.15 | 59.91 | x | x | x | 61.15 | |
| 6 | Juan Caicedo | Ecuador | 56.92 | 57.81 | x | x | x | x | 57.81 | |
| 7 | Josh Boateng | Grenada | 56.92 | x | 55.31 | 55.88 | 55.20 | 56.61 | 56.92 | |
| 8 | Abel Vest | Haiti | x | 47.26 | x | x | 48.76 | 48.39 | 48.76 | |
| | Brian Williams II | United States | x | x | x | | | | NM | |
| | Claudio Romero | Chile | x | x | x | | | | NM | |
# College Cup Most Outstanding Player

The College Cup Most Outstanding Player may refer to:
* NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Tournament Most Outstanding Player
* NCAA Division I Women's Soccer Tournament Most Outstanding Player
# Bicyclus smithi

Bicyclus smithi, or Smith's bush brown, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania. The habitat consists of lowland forests.
Adults are attracted to fermenting bananas.

## Subspecies

* Bicyclus smithi smithi (Nigeria, Cameroon, Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, western Kenya, western Tanzania)
* Bicyclus smithi eurypterus Condamin, 1965 (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
* Bicyclus smithi fernandina (Schultze, 1914) (Bioko)
# Constance Abernathy

Constance Abernathy (née Davies; June 20, 1931 – June 18, 1994) was an American architect, jeweler, and associate of Buckminster Fuller.

## Architecture

Abernathy worked on a special project studying with Buckminster Fuller to create the geodesic dome egg carton form of architecture and functioned as Fuller's secretary maintaining sections of his files and archives. Between 1966 and 1971, she directed Fuller's New York office.

## Jewelry

Beginning in 1977, Abernathy became a jeweler. In New York City she befriended and worked with many famous artists. Among her contemporaries were many well-known painters and sculptors such as Larry Rivers, Peter Reginato, Peter Young, Ching Ho Cheng, Ronnie Landfield, and Dan Christensen. Ching Ho Cheng painted her portrait in 1977. In the 1980s, her works started to include precious gems and cast parts she created. Her big bead necklaces were collected by Clarice Cosby and many others. Her works are in the collections of the Cooper Hewitt and Museum of Art and Design.

## Other collaborations

Abernathy appears on recordings by John Giorno from the late 1960s and on the live album The Sound Pool by Musica Elettronica Viva, recorded in May 1969.

## Personal life

Born in Detroit, Michigan, she attended Cass Technical High School and University of Michigan Architecture school (class of 1953).
She married J. T. Abernathy, a potter and art professor at the University of Michigan, in the 1950s, but their union did not last long. She left Ann Arbor, Michigan for Paris shortly after, arriving in the swinging scene of the Paris 1960s. She worked as an architect in Europe and married a filmmaker.
In the early 1990s, she was diagnosed with cancer and died as a result in 1994. Before she died, she had a farewell party for her closest friends; and she distributed her worldly possessions among them as her way of saying goodbye. She died two days before her 63rd birthday at home in her Chelsea apartment in New York City.

## Archive

* Abernathy's papers are available at the Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan
# 2004–05 Polish Basketball League

The 2004–05 Polish Basketball League was the 77th edition of the top basketball league of Poland.

## Teams

The first 10 teams will play in Era Basket Liga in the next season:
* Idea Śląsk Wrocław
* Prokom Trefl Sopot
* Anwil Włocławek
* Polonia Warbud Warszawa
* Gipsar Stal Ostrów Wlkp.
* Unia Wisła Paged Tarnów
* Arcus Detal-Met Notec Inowrocław
* Czarni Słupsk
* Ostromecko Astoria Bydgoszcz
* AZS Gaz Ziemny Koszalin
Last 2 teams are dropped from EBL
* Start Lublin
* Spojnia Stargard Szczeciński
Teams promoted to EBL
* Turów Zgorzelec
* SKS Starogard Gdański

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| 1 | Prokom Trefl Sopot | 22 | 19 | 3 | 1903 | 1605 | +298 | 41 |
| 2 | Anwil Włocławek | 22 | 17 | 5 | 1727 | 1562 | +165 | 39 |
| 3 | Polonia Warszawa | 22 | 14 | 8 | 1930 | 1725 | +205 | 36 |
| 4 | Turów Zgorzelec | 22 | 13 | 9 | 1798 | 1719 | +79 | 35 |
| 5 | Astoria Bydgoszcz | 22 | 12 | 10 | 1777 | 1841 | −64 | 34 |
| 6 | Platinum Wisła Kraków | 22 | 12 | 10 | 1740 | 1823 | −83 | 34 |
| 7 | Deichmann Śląsk Wrocław | 22 | 10 | 12 | 1744 | 1731 | +13 | 32 |
| 8 | Polpharma Starogard Gdański | 22 | 9 | 13 | 1705 | 1730 | −25 | 31 |
| 9 | Czarni Słupsk | 22 | 8 | 14 | 1649 | 1729 | −80 | 30 |
| 10 | Noteć Inowrocław | 22 | 7 | 15 | 1705 | 1891 | −186 | 29 |
| 11 | AZS Koszalin | 22 | 6 | 16 | 1915 | 2034 | −119 | 28 |
| 12 | Gipsar Stal Ostrów Wielkopolski | 22 | 5 | 17 | 1692 | 1895 | −203 | 27 |

## Ineligible for playoffs

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| 9 | Czarni Słupsk | 28 | 11 | 17 | 2134 | 2209 | −75 | 39 |
| 10 | AZS Koszalin | 28 | 10 | 18 | 2449 | 2526 | −77 | 38 |
| 11 | Noteć Inowrocław | 28 | 9 | 19 | 2185 | 2405 | −220 | 37 |
| 12 | Gipsar Stal Ostrów Wielkopolski | 28 | 8 | 20 | 2188 | 2404 | −216 | 36 |

## Playoffs

| QUARTERFINALS | SEMIFINALS | FINAL |
| Prokom 3 94:83 88:71 97:77 Polpharma 0 Turów Zgorzelec 3 102:64 94:75 93:85 Astoria 0 Anwil Włocławek 3 76:74 86:84 72:90 101:84 Deichmann Śląsk 1 Polonia 3 92:83 77:62 96:88 Unia Tarnów 0 | Prokom 4 84:67 88:78 83:75 80:88 80:67 Turów Zgorzelec 1 Anwil Włocławek 4 90:75 85:83 73:96 79:73 74:68 Polonia 1 | o mistrzostwo Prokom 4 75:72 75:85 74:41 57:77 77:63 72:67 Anwil Włocławek 2 o 3 miejsce Polonia 2 83:75 80:88 91:72 Turów Zgorzelec 1 |
# Charles M. Murphy (priest)

Charles M. Murphy is an American Roman Catholic priest of the Diocese of Portland, Maine. Monsignor Murphy formerly served as the academic dean and rector of the Pontifical North American College in Rome from 1979 to 1984.
Murphy earned a doctorate in sacred theology from the Pontifical Gregorian University and a master's degree in education from Harvard University. He graduated with a bachelor's degree in classics from the College of the Holy Cross in 1957.

## Publications

* Belonging to God: A Personal Training
# 1978 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship

The 1978 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 88th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.
Kilruane MacDonaghs entered the championship as the defending champions.
On 15 October 1978, Kilruane MacDonaghs won the championship after a 2–14 to 2–13 defeat of Roscrea in the final at Semple Stadium. It was their second championship title overall and their second title in succession.

## Championship statistics
### Top scorers
#### Overall

| Rank | Player | Club | Tally | Total | Matches | Average |
| 1 | Francis Loughnane | Roscrea | 1-26 | 29 | 3 | 9.66 |
| 2 | Séamus Hennessy | Kilruane MacDonaghs | 0-19 | 19 | 3 | 6.33 |
| 3 | Séamus Mackey | Holycross-Ballycahill | 2-09 | 15 | 2 | 7.50 |
| 4 | Tommy Butler | Drom-Inch | 2-05 | 11 | 2 | 5.50 |
| 4 | Jim Williams | Kilruane MacDonaghs | 2-05 | 11 | 3 | 3.66 |
| 6 | Seán O'Meara | Kilruane MacDonaghs | 3-01 | 10 | 3 | 3.33 |
| 7 | John Harkin | Drom-Inch | 1-06 | 9 | 2 | 4.50 |
| 8 | John Stone | Roscrea | 2-02 | 8 | 3 | 2.66 |
| 8 | Joe Tynan | Roscrea | 2-02 | 8 | 3 | 2.66 |
| 8 | Ger Doherty | Drom-Inch | 1-05 | 8 | 2 | 4.00 |

#### In a single game

| Rank | Player | Club | Tally | Total | Opposition |
| 1 | Francis Loughnane | Roscrea | 1-11 | 14 | Kilruane MacDonaghs |
| 2 | Séamus Hennessy | Kilruane MacDonaghs | 0-12 | 12 | Roscrea |
| 3 | Séamus Mackey | Holycross-Ballycahill | 2-05 | 11 | Fionn MacCumhaill |
| 4 | Francis Loughnane | Roscrea | 0-10 | 10 | Seán Treacys |
| 5 | Tommy Butler | Drom-Inch | 2-01 | 7 | Roscrea |
| 6 | Dinny Ryan | Seán Treacys | 2-00 | 6 | Roscrea |
| 6 | Pat O'Neill | Cappawhite | 1-03 | 6 | Kilruane MacDonaghs |
| 6 | Jim Kehoe | Carrick Swans | 1-03 | 6 | Drom-Inch |
| 6 | Tony Stakelum | Holycross-Ballycahill | 1-03 | 6 | Fionn MacCumhaill |
| 6 | Jim Williams | Kilruane MacDonaghs | 1-03 | 6 | Holycross-Ballycahill |
| 6 | Pat Quigley | Seán Treacys | 0-06 | 6 | Roscrea |
# 1984 Linfield Wildcats football team

The 1984 Linfield Wildcats football team was an American football team that represented Linfield University and won the national championship during the 1984 NAIA Division II football season. In their 17th season under head coach Ad Rutschman, the Wildcats compiled a perfect 12–0 record and won the Northwest Conference (NWC) championship. They participated in the NAIA Division II playoffs, defeating Saint Ambrose (26–0) in the quarterfinals, Hanover (55–14) in the semifinals, and Northwestern (IA) (33–22) in the NAIA Division II Championship Game.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| September 15 | at Puget Sound* | Tacoma, WA | W 30–24 |
| September 22 | Southern Oregon* | Maxwell FieldMcMinnville, OR | W 14–12 |
| September 29 | Western Oregon* | Maxwell FieldMcMinnville, OR | W 21–6 |
| October 6 | at Oregon Tech* | Klamath Falls, OR | W 10–7 |
| October 13 | at Whitworth* | Spokane, WA | W 25–12 |
| October 20 | Pacific Lutheran | Maxwell FieldMcMinnville, OR | W 24–10 |
| October 27 | Pacific (OR) | Maxwell FieldMcMinnville, OR | W 2–0 |
| November 3 | at Lewis & Clark | Portland, OR | W 28–14 |
| November 10 | Willamette | Maxwell FieldMcMinnville, OR | W 55–0 |
| November 17 | Saint Ambrose | Maxwell FieldMcMinnville, OR | W 26–0 |
| December 1 | Hanover | Maxwell FieldMcMinnville, OR | W 55–14 |
| December 8 | Northwestern (IA) | Wortman StadiumMcMinnville, OR | W 33–22 |
| *Non-conference game ||||||
# Big Belt Mountains

The Big Belt Mountains are a section of the Rocky Mountains in the U.S. state of Montana. Situated mainly in the Helena National Forest, the mountains are used for logging and recreation for the surrounding residents. Nearby are the cities of Helena, Townsend, and White Sulphur Springs, as well as Canyon Ferry Lake and the Missouri River. The highest point in the Big Belt Range is Mount Edith at 9,504 feet (2,897 m), while the center of the range is 7,385 feet (2,251 m).
The Big Belts lie primarily between the Missouri River drainage to the west and the Smith River drainage to the east. They are traversed by U.S. Highway 12 between Townsend in the Missouri drainage, and White Sulphur Springs in the upper Smith River drainage.
The gulches on the western slopes of the Big Belts were noted historically for rich gold placer strikes. The richest were the 1864 and 1865 placer gold strikes in Confederate Gulch, including Montana Bar, which was one of the most concentrated gold placer strikes ever made.
The range takes its name from the fact it is situated in a long belt-like arc. It stretches 75 miles (121 km), making it a mid-length subrange of the Rocky Mountains. To the east are the Little Belts and to the south, somewhat continuing this arc, is the Bridger Range.
The Belt Supergroup series of rocks, which are primarily Precambrian mudstones, were named after this mountain range and the adjacent Little Belt Mountains. A particularly well-known example of exposed Belt Group mudstones in alternating purplish-red or pale bluish-green layers in the Big Belt Mountains is in Wolf Creek Canyon along Interstate 15 between Helena and Great Falls. While these rocks were named after these ranges of western-central Montana, and are found in them, they are more exposed and better known in northwestern Montana, northern Idaho, and southeastern British Columbia, namely around Flathead Lake and Glacier National Park.
* The "Sleeping Giant" mountain formation, on the western edge of the Big Belts, part of the Sleeping Giant Wilderness Study Area
* The Big Belts in late fall as viewed northeast of Helena
* Wall Mountain, southeast face of Big Belt Mountains
* Sixmile Mountain from 16 Mile Creek
* South face of Big Belt Mountains, from Dry Creek Road south of Maudlow
# Apache Tika

Apache Tika is a content detection and analysis framework, written in Java, stewarded at the Apache Software Foundation. It detects and extracts metadata and text from over a thousand different file types, and as well as providing a Java library, has server and command-line editions suitable for use from other programming languages.

## History

The project originated as part of the Apache Nutch codebase, to provide content identification and extraction when crawling. In 2007, it was separated out, to make it more extensible and usable by content management systems, other Web crawlers, and information retrieval systems. The standalone Tika was founded by Jérôme Charron, Chris Mattmann and Jukka Zitting. In 2011 Chris Mattmann and Jukka Zitting released the Manning book "Tika in Action", and the project released version 1.0.

## Features

Tika provides capabilities for identification of more than 1400 file types from the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority taxonomy of MIME types. For most of the more common and popular formats, Tika then provides content extraction, metadata extraction and language identification capabilities.
It can also get text from images by using the OCR software Tesseract.
While Tika is written in Java, it is widely used from other languages. The RESTful server and CLI Tool permit non-Java programs to access the Tika functionality.

## Notable uses

Tika is used by financial institutions including the Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO), Goldman Sachs, NASA and academic researchers and by major content management systems including Drupal, and Alfresco (software) to analyze large amounts of content, and to make it available in common formats using information retrieval techniques.
On April 4, 2016 Forbes published an article identifying Tika as one of the key technologies used by more than 400 journalists to analyze 11.5 million leaked documents that expose an international scandal involving world leaders storing money in offshore shell corporations. The leaked documents and the project to analyze them is referred to as the Panama Papers.