OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ann Rosener

Ann Rosener (November 25, 1914 – May 19, 2012) was an American photojournalist who is remembered for her photographs of home front activities for the Farm Security Administration and the United States Office of War Information in 1942–43.

## Biography

The daughter of well-to-do parents in the San Francisco area, Rosener graduated from Smith College in 1935. From about June 1941 until June 1943, she photographed for the Farm Security Administration in Washington, D.C., Maryland, Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois and California. Her images cover women handling men's jobs and girls producing gas masks or working as mechanics. She also illustrated stories showing how Americans were working together to build tanks and planes, irrespective of creed or colour. Many photographs show the efforts of handicapped workers. Her obituary in the San Francisco Chronicle refers to her
   striking photos highlighting the sudden breakthrough of women in industry, performing work that had long been a male preserve.
In the 1950s, Rosener worked as a fashion photographer in Hollywood but returned to the San Francisco area in the 1960s. From 1964, she worked for Stanford University designing exhibition catalogues. From 1977, she published works by little-known writers. She died in Menlo Park in May 2012.

## Gallery

* These women harvest hands in Rochelle, Illinois, are helping the national welfare by picking the summer asparagus crop
* Butchers will pay householdersfor the fat and sell it to rendering plants where it will be processed into ammunition.
* A soldier of the home front saves all waste fats and greases so that they can be processed into ammunition.
* Conservation of waste paper will save millions annually for Uncle Sam.
* Vital tin and alloy metals are conserved by this procedure
* African American worker Richmond Shipyards
* If the points are cut, so must the price be. Slashed points without slashed prices are one of the surest clues to...
# Cerodrillia yucatecana

Cerodrillia yucatecana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Drilliidae.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 9 mm and 14.5 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Quintana Roo, Yucatán, Mexico.
# Annia Galeria Aurelia Faustina

Annia Galeria Aurelia Faustina (c. 151/153 - after 165) was a daughter of Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius and his wife, Faustina the Younger. Her sister was empress Lucilla and her younger brother was Commodus. Her maternal grandparents were Antoninus Pius and Faustina the Elder, while her paternal grandparents were Domitia Lucilla and the praetor Marcus Annius Verus. She was born and raised in Rome.
The parents of Faustina betrothed her to Gnaeus Claudius Severus, whom she later married after 159. Gnaeus Claudius Severus was a Roman Senator of Pontian Greek descent who came from Pompeiopolis, a city in the Roman province of Galatia. After Faustina married Claudius Severus, they settled in Pompeiopolis. Faustina bore Claudius Severus a son, Tiberius Claudius Severus Proculus, who served as consul in 200.
# Cestayrols

Cestayrols is a commune in the Tarn department in southern France.

## Geography

The Vère flows southwestward through the northern part of the commune.
# Chachacomani

Chachacomani (possibly from Quechua chachakuma a medical plant) is a mountain in the Cordillera Real of the Andes Mountains, east of Lake Titicaca in Bolivia.
It is situated in the La Paz Department, Larecaja Province, Guanay Municipality, southeast of Chearoco. Some of the nearest mountains are Wari Umaña in the southwest and Qillwani in the northwest.
Said to be one of the least climbed peaks in the Cordillera Real, the mountain has an elevation of 6,074 metres (19,928 ft) above sea level. The measured height has never been accurately measured, and may differ by up to 20 metres (66 ft), but the peak is ascertained to be over 6,000 metres (19,685 ft) in height. Notably, the deep and sheltered valleys around the mountain produce many distinct microclimates, which form lakes and other formations that support many species of birds.
* The Cordillera Real as seen from Lake Titicaca with Chearoco and Chachacomani in the center.
* Chachacomani seen from Lake Titicaca.

## Elevation

It has an official height of 6074 meters. Other data from available digital elevation models: SRTM yields 6038 metres, ASTER 6043 metres and TanDEM-X 6084 metres. The height of the nearest key col is 5479 meters, leading to a topographic prominence of 595 meters. Chachacomani is considered a Mountain according to the Dominance System and its dominance is 9.8%. Its parent peak is Chearoko and the Topographic isolation is 4.3 kilometers.

## First Ascent

Chachacomani was first climbed by F. Fritz, F. Buchholtz (Germany) G. Moller, D. Doore, I. Paz and G. Sanjinez (Bolivia) 8 January 1947.
# Chah, Zanskar

Chah (also Cha) is a small village in the Lungnak valley in Zanskar tehsil, Kargil district, Ladakh, India. The village is situated at the base of a mountain range on the right bank of the Tsarap River. It is located on the Padum-Darcha road, 47 km (29 mi) south from Padum.

## Description

Chah (elevation 3,920 m (12,860 ft)) is a small village in the Lungnak valley on the right bank of the Tsarap River. It is located at a distance of 47 km (29 mi) from Padum on the Padum-Darcha road. The distance from Darcha in Lahaul is 82 km (51 mi), the road climbing over the 5,091 m (16,703 ft) Shinko La pass. Chah village has an area of 83.80 hectares (207.1 acres).$^{:80}$

## Demographics

The population as of the 2011 Census was 465 with 61 households. Females comprised 40.2% of the population. The literacy rate was 56%. All but 2 of the 465 persons belonged to scheduled tribes.$^{:80-81}$

## Governance

The Cha Gram Panchayat is a government office and local self-government body. The villages of Chah and Shunshday (Shan Shaday) come under its jurisdiction. In 2011, the population of these two villages was 709.$^{:80}$

## Amenities

Chah has a pre-primary and primary school. Household power supply and mobile phone coverage are available. The village has a primary health sub-centre (PHS).$^{:147–149,151}$ There is an India Post branch post office with PIN code 194302.

## Economy

The economy is largely agrarian with tourism also providing jobs and income. As the annual precipitation is low, fields are irrigated through channels from streams fed by snow-melt. About 46% of the agricultural land is irrigated.$^{:152}$

### Tourism

From Chah there is a 6 km (3.7 mi) trail to Phugtal Monastery. The trail is difficult in some places. The distance can be covered in 2-3 hours.

## Transport

In June 2024, the Himachal Road Transport Corporation (HRTC) announced that it would soon commence a bus service from Keylong in Lahaul to Padum. This would run on the Nimmu-Padum-Darcha road and would serve Chah. Taxis are available.$^{:149}$
# Chad (chess variant)

Chad is a chess variant for two players created by Christian Freeling in 1979. It is played on an uncheckered 12×12 gameboard with one king and eight rooks per side, where rooks are able to promote to queens.
The inventor's aim was "to create a game of tactical and strategical depth that was both simple and elegant to express the concept of mate—the 'pure' chess game". The game was played for many years at the Fanaat games club in the Netherlands and was featured in the periodical The Gamer in May–June 1982.

## Game rules

Each player owns a castle consisting of 3×3 squares surrounded by a wall of 12 squares. A king may not leave its 3×3 castle, but the other pieces are free to move unimpeded by castles or walls.
* The king can move and capture like a chess king or a chess knight. It can only capture pieces inside the 3×3 castle and cannot capture pieces on the wall.
* A rook moves like a rook in chess, and is unimpeded by castles or walls. If its move ends on a square in the enemy castle, it automatically promotes to a queen.
* A queen moves like a queen in chess and is unimpeded by castles or walls.
* Captures are limited: a capture can happen between a rook or queen and an enemy rook or queen only when one of the pieces is on the opponent's wall and the other piece is in its castle.
** In other situations, rooks and queens cannot capture and simply block one another's movement. Only a king can capture an enemy piece inside its castle.
* A king is in check whenever it is in the path of an enemy rook or queen. Castle walls do not block checks.
As regular in chess, White moves first, a capturing piece replaces the piece captured, and checkmate wins the game.
# Anniaca

Anniaca was a town of ancient Pontus, inhabited during Byzantine times.
Its site is located near Eski Kale, Koyulhisar in Asiatic Turkey.
# Chahar Kent

Chahar Kent is a village in Balkh Province in northern Afghanistan.
# Annica Edstam

Annica Edstam (born 22 March 1969) in Stockholm, is a Swedish actress and singer.

## Key theatre credits

| Year | Role | Production | Director | Theater |
| 1996 | Eponine | Les Misérables | Vernon Mound | Wermland Opera |
| 1997 | Anne | A Little Night Music | Benny Fredriksson | National Swedish Touring Theatre |
| 1998 | Witch | Into The Woods | Erik Fägerborn | Södra Teatern |
| 1999 | Good Deeds | Everyman 99 | Lars Wassrin | Immanuel Church, Stockholm |
| 1999 | Hedvig | Horseraddish Country | Johan Huldt | Teater Västernorrland National Swedish Touring Theatre |
| 2000 | Eponine | Les Misérables | Vernon Mound | The Göteborg Opera |
| 2001 | Eponine | Les Misérables | Vernon Mound | Malmö Opera |
| 2001 | Eliza Doolittle | My Fair Lady | Jan Hertz | Kristianstads Theater |
| 2002 | Stephanie Nechrophorus | Nine | Vernon Mound | Malmö Opera |
| 2016 | cover Greta Garbo | Garbo The Musical | Scott Faris | Oscarsteatern |
| 2003 | Joani | The Full Monty | Marianne Mörck | Stockholm City Theatre |
| 2005 | Belle | Beauty and the Beast | Hans Berndtsson | The Göteborg Opera |
| 2005 | Rebecka | Rebecka | Catarina Gnospelius | Stora Teatern |
| 2006 | Lola Blau | Tonight: Lola Blau | Hans Berndtsson | The Göteborg Opera |
| 2007 | Sofia | The Brothers Lionheart | Elisabet Ljungar | The Göteborg Opera |
| 2008 | cover Mrs Pearce | My Fair Lady | Tomas Alfredson | Oscarsteatern |
| 2009 | Desirée | Benny and the shrimp | Åsa Melldahl | Radioteatern |
| 2010 | Charlotte Malcolm | A Little Night Music | Tobias Theorell | Stockholm City Theatre |
| 2011 | Fantine | Les Misérables | Ronny Danielsson | Malmö Opera |
| 2012 | Mistress | Evita | Linus Thunström | Malmö Opera |
| 2013 | The Judges Wife | Carmencita Rockefeller | Rikard Bergqvist | Malmö Opera |
| 2014 | Beatrice de Winter | Rebecca | Åsa Melldahl | Malmö Opera |
| 2015 | Gulybova och Kubarikha | Doktor Zhivago | Ronny Danielsson | Malmö Opera |
| 2016 | Eliza Doolittle | My Fair Lady | Anna Novovic | Malmö Opera |
| 2016-2017 | Fosca | Passion | Victoria Brattström | Spira Culture Center/Norrlandsoperan |
| 2018-2022 | Florence | Så som i himmelen | Markus Virta | Oscarsteatern |
| 2021-2022 | Sister Margaretta and Baroness Elsa Schraeder | The Sound of Music | Ronny Danielsson | Kulturhuset Stadsteatern |
| 2020-2023 | Renaldi | Funny Girl | Ronny Danielsson | Malmö Opera |

## Discography

* 1996 Les Misérables
# Annica Dahlström

Annica Dahlström (born 1941) is a Swedish physician and Professor Emerita of Histology and Neuroscience at the Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology at Gothenburg University.
Dahlström's research focuses on how nerve cells store and transport signals, but she has also published research on many other areas of histology and neuroscience. She earned her doctorate at 25 as the youngest Swedish physician to earn a doctorate. She was Professor of Histology and Neuroscience at Gothenburg University from 1983 until her 2008 retirement.
Dahlström has taken part in the debate on the relationship between gender and brain function. In 2007, she published the book Könet sitter i hjärnan (The gender is in the brain), which she described as a concentrate of the last 15 years of international research on the brain and how the brain affects human behavior. This book, mostly referencing studies performed before 1990, has been publicly criticized for inaccuracies.
Her most cited scientific paper, "Evidence for the existence of monoamine-containing neurons in the central nervous system," was cited over 5,500 times as of 2013. Dahlström has published over 340 scientific papers.
# Anne Stanback

Anne Stanback (born 15 December 1958) is an American activist for LGBT rights and same-sex marriage.

## Early life

Stanback was born in Salisbury, North Carolina on December 15, 1958. Her father was a businessman, and her mother was a teacher and also a journalist. Both of Anne's parents were active in the Civil Rights Movement, which instilled Anne with the importance of activism even at a very early age. She attended Davidson College (where her nickname was “Moose,” for her flickerball prowess) and graduated from there in 1981. She then went on to attend the Yale Divinity School.

## Career and activism

Stanback's activism is strongly informed by her faith, which she melded with feminist theologies and social justice issues. In Connecticut, Stanback co-chaired the Connecticut Coalition for Lesbian and Gay Civil Rights, and helped pass the Connecticut Gay Rights Statute in 1991. That statute prohibited discrimination towards LGBT people in housing, employment, credit, and public accommodations. In 1991, she became Executive Director of the National Abortion Rights Action League's Connecticut chapter. In 1993, she became the Executive Director of the Connecticut Women's Education and Legal Fund, wherein she also advocated for Title IX and focused on the disparate support given to men and women's teams. In 1999, Stanback was the founding Executive Director of Love Makes A Family, an organization based in Connecticut. The organization was formed in response to a court ruling that denied adoption rights to a lesbian couple, and the organization successfully advocated for adoption laws to protect the rights of same-sex couples in Connecticut. Because of their advocacy, Connecticut became the first state in the United States to pass a law that recognized second-parent adoption without the action of a previous court. After their victory, Love Makes A Family shifted their focus to that of same-sex marriage. In 2008 the Connecticut Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional to deny LGBT couples the right to marry, and in 2009 the Connecticut General Assembly made that ruling into state law. After that historic win, Love Makes A Family shut down. Stanback is now the Director of Strategic Partnerships for the Equality Federation, wherein she works to pass state-level laws to protect LGBT people from employment and housing discrimination. Since 2008, she also is on the boards of Gay & Lesbian Advocates & Defenders (GLAD) and Freedom for All Americans.

## Honors

Stanback has received numerous honors for her work. In 2006, she was inducted into the Connecticut Women's Hall of Fame. She also received the Harriet Tubman Award for Achievement in the Pursuit of Social Justice from the Connecticut Chapter of the National Organization for Women. Additionally, she received the Maria Miller Stewart Award from the Connecticut Women's Education and Legal Fund, and the Polaris Award from Leadership Greater Hartford. She was honored with the William Sloane Coffin Peace and Justice Alumni Award from Yale Divinity School in 2015.
# Anobrium fraterculum

Anobrium fraterculum is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Galileo and Martins in 2002. It is known from Brazil.
# Antaeotricha leucillana

Antaeotricha leucillana, the pale gray bird-dropping moth, is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1854. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from New Hampshire, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, District of Columbia, Virginia, North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Arkansas, Missouri, Kansas, Illinois, Iowa, Texas, Oregon, Louisiana, Manitoba and Nova Scotia.
The wingspan is 15–23 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from April to August in Ohio.
The larvae feed on the leaves of Pyracantha crenulata, Malus, Vaccinium corymbosum and Acer.
# Chait (disambiguation)

Chait is a Hebrew surname.
Chait may also refer to:
# Anochetus brevidentatus

Anochetus brevidentatus is an extinct species of ant in the subfamily Ponerinae known from two possibly Miocene fossils found on Hispaniola. A. ambiguus is one of eight species in the ant genus Anochetus to have been described from fossils found in Dominican amber and is one of a number of Anochetus species found in the Greater Antillies.

## History and classification

Anochetus brevidentatus is known from two solitary fossil insects which are inclusions in transparent chunks of Dominican amber. The amber was produced by the extinct Hymenaea protera, which formerly grew on Hispaniola, across northern South America, and up to southern Mexico. The type specimen was collected from the La Toca Mine near las Aguitas, while the second specimen is from an undetermined amber mine. Both are from fossil bearing rocks of the Cordillera Septentrional mountains in the northern Dominican Republic. The amber dates from at least the Burdigalian stage of the Miocene, based on studying the associated fossil foraminifera and may be as old as the Middle Eocene, based on the associated fossil coccoliths. This age range is due to the host rock being secondary deposits for the amber, and the Miocene age range is only the youngest that it might be.
At the time of description, the holotype specimen was preserved in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. The holotype fossil was first studied by entomologist William MacKay with his 1991 type description of the new species being published in the Journal of the New York Entomological Society. The specific epithet brevidentatus is derived Latin as a reference to the short length of the spines on the petiole. The second known specimen was identified by entomologist Maria L. De Andrade of the University of Basle from a specimen in the State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart amber collections and briefly described in 1994.
A. brevidentatus is one of eight Anochetus species which have been described from Dominican amber. One species, A. corayi, was published earlier than A. brevidentatus, being described in 1980. The remaining six species; A. ambiguus, A. conisquamis, A. dubius, A. exstinctus, A. intermedius, and A. lucidus were all described by De Andrade in the same 1994 paper. A number of modern species live in the Greater Antilles, with at least three modern species found on Hispaniola.

## Description

The Anochetus ambiguus type specimen is well preserved, though it shows some distortion from the amber moving after entombment and is missing some body structures. The second specimen has an estimated body length of 6.0 millimetres (0.24 in). The mesosoma has distinct fine striae covering most of its surface and the gaster is smooth and shiny. The upper side of the head, mandibles, pronotum, and gaster sport sparse erect hairs. The mandibles have a flare in width near the center of their length and sport between 9 and 10 teeth with the apical three teeth on each mandible blade elongated and slender for grasping prey. The propodium sports short spines on the rear edge, while the petiole two spines which angle vertically up from the petiole face.
# Anthony Galsworthy

Sir Anthony Charles Galsworthy KCMG (born 20 December 1944) is a retired British diplomat (former ambassador to China) and amateur naturalist.

## Education

Galsworthy was educated at St Paul's School, an independent school for boys in London, followed by the University of Cambridge, where he obtained an MA.

## Life and career

Galsworthy held a variety of posts in the Diplomatic Service, serving as Ambassador to the People's Republic of China from 1997 to 2002. He is the son of Arthur Galsworthy, and was appointed CMG in 1985 and KCMG in 1999.
# Anthodiscus

Anthodiscus is a genus of plant in family Caryocaraceae described as a genus in 1818.
The entire genus is endemic to South America.

## Species

* Anthodiscus amazonicus Gleason & A.C.Sm. - Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador
* Anthodiscus chocoensis Prance - Colombia
* Anthodiscus fragrans Sleumer - Ecuador
* Anthodiscus klugii Standl. ex Prance - Ecuador, N Peru
* Anthodiscus mazarunensis Gilly - Suriname, Guyana, Venezuela
* Anthodiscus montanus Gleason - Colombia
* Anthodiscus obovatus Benth. ex Wittm. - Colombia, Venezuela, N Brazil
* Anthodiscus peruanus Baill. - Ecuador, N Peru
* Anthodiscus pilosus Ducke - Colombia, N Peru
* Anthodiscus trifoliatus G.Mey. - Guyana
# Anthodite

Anthodites (Greek ἄνθος ánthos, "flower", -ode, adjectival combining form, -ite adjectival suffix) are speleothems (cave formations) composed of long needle-like crystals situated in clusters which radiate outward from a common base. The "needles" may be quill-like or feathery. Most anthodites are made of the mineral aragonite (a variety of calcium carbonate, CaCO$_3$), although some are composed of gypsum (CaSO$_4$·2H$_2$O).
The term anthodite is first cited in the scientific literature in 1965 by Japanese researcher N. Kashima, who described "flower-like dripstone" composed of "an alternation of calcite and aragonite".

## Structure, composition and appearance

The individual crystals of anthodites develop in a form described as "acicular" (needle-like) and often branch out as they grow. They usually grow downward from a cave's ceiling. Aragonite crystals are contrasted with those made of calcite (another variety of calcium carbonate) in that the latter tend to be stubby or dog-tooth-like ("rhombohedral", rather than acicular). Anthodites often have a solid core of aragonite and may have huntite or hydromagnesite deposited near the ends of the branches.
Anthodite crystals vary in size from less than a millimeter to about a meter, but are commonly between 1 and 20 millimeters in length.

## Occurrence

Anthodites may occur sporadically throughout some limestone caves, but may be spectacularly abundant in others, with clean white crystals growing all over the calcite or other rock surfaces. Examples of sites with abundant anthodite displays include Carlsbad Caverns, Craighead Caverns, Skyline Caverns in the United States and the Grotte de Moulis in France. Anthodites can also be found in the National Monument of Timpanogos Cave, American Fork, Utah.

## Types

Among the "quill-like" varieties of anthodite is sometimes included the "sea urchin-like" formation known as flos ferri, although others have considered them a slender variety of helictite.
Among the "feathery" varieties of anthodite is "frostwork", a type of speleothem consisting of "bushes" of fine acicular aragonite crystals in radiating clusters. Their appearance is often compared to that of a cactus or thistle plant. In its composite stalagmite form, frostwork may possess spiny limbs like a miniature fir tree. The term was first used by cave guides at Wind Cave in South Dakota, USA, during the 1890s to describe speleothems which looked like ice "frostwork".

## Anthodite-like formations

* Helictites are curved or angular twig-like lateral projections of calcium carbonate, which appear to defy gravity. Rather than radial clusters, helictites often occur in tangled masses. The "twigs" have a tiny central canal.
* Cave flowers (also known as "gypsum flowers" or "oulopholites") consist of gypsum or epsomite. In contrast to anthodites, the needles or "petals" of cave flowers grow from the attached end.
* Cave cotton (also called "gypsum cotton") is very thin, flexible filaments of gypsum or epsomite projecting from a cave wall.
# Antero Leitzinger

Antero Leitzinger (born 1962) is political historian and researcher for the Finnish Directorate of Immigration. He is the author of “Caucasus—An Unholy Alliance.” He is a history researcher on topics from Russia to Islam.
Leitzinger was born in Helsinki, Finland. The majority of his works are in Finnish.