OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cucumis (website)

Cucumis is a website where translators share their linguistic knowledge and exchange services online. One unusual feature of Cucumis is that all translations are peer reviewed and may be edited by other Cucumis translators. This provides for high-quality translations, and often achieves a target text that is both faithful in meaning to the source text and fully idiomatic in the target language.

## History

Founded in 2005, by July 2007 Cucumis had over 50,000 members and was receiving 100 requests per day for translations between dozens of languages. The first user interface was in English, but in an ongoing process of localization others were added. By the end of 2007, there were user interfaces in 31 languages, in 8 writing systems. Most of the work involved was volunteered by members.

## Members

Cucumis members are located in dozens of countries, with the two largest contingents in Turkey and Brazil; together, these two countries account for 1/3 of all members. Why these two countries are over-represented is unknown. Although English is the single most popular target language, only a small minority of members (about 2%) are in primarily English-speaking countries.

## How it works

To submit a text for translation, users become members by choosing a username and giving a valid e-mail address. All new members are given enough points to "pay" for translation of a short paragraph. Returning members who lack points are given more points. Members earn points by translating texts submitted by others. All members may translate texts and edit translations by others. For quality control, all translations are rated by administrators and experts. All members are eligible for promotion to "Expert" for a given language after completing many translations into that language rated with an average quality of over 7/10.
# Aryankuzhi

Aryankuzhi is a residential area in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. It is just 3 kilometres away from the heart of Trivandrum city.

## Places near by Aryankuzhi

Kamaleswaram (1 km), Manacaud (1 km), Kallattumukku (1 km), Chenthitta (1 km) are the nearby localities to Aryankuzhi.

## Location

Aryankuzhi is 3 km from the city centre. Privately owned and Kerala State Road Transport Corporation buses plying in the Kovalam route from East Fort pass through Kamaleswaram. A bypass of National Highway 47 passes 1 km to the west of Aryankuzhi. The nearest railway station is Thiruvananthapuram Central, 3 km away. The nearest airport is Thiruvananthapuram International Airport, 4 km away. It is also near Kamaleswaram, which is a bustling residential region situated on the way from East Fort to Thiruvallam, in Thiruvananthapuram. The 2000-year-old Thiruvallam Sree Parasurama Temple at Thiruvallam is about 5 km from Aryankuzhi.

## Religion

The population of Aryankuzhi mainly practices Hinduism and Islam. The place is famous for the presence of Aryankuzhi Devi Temple.

### Religious Places

* Aryankuzhi Devi Temple
* Aryankuzhi Ganapathy Temple
* Aryankuzhi Hanuman Temple

## Government offices near Aryankuzhi

* Govt. Kamaleshwaram Higher Secondary School
* Harbour Engineering Department
* Department of Fisheries
* Muttathara Village Office
# Athletics at the 2019 Pan American Games – Men's javelin throw

The men's javelin throw competition of the athletics events at the 2019 Pan American Games took place on the 10 of August at the 2019 Pan American Games Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Keshorn Walcott from Trinidad and Tobago.
Anderson Peters won Grenada's first ever Pan American Games gold medal.

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:
| World record | Jan Železný (CZE) | 98.48 | Jena, Germany | May 25, 1996 |
| Pan American Games record | Guillermo Martínez (CUB) | 87.20 | Guadalajara, Mexico | October 28, 2011 |

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| August 10, 2019 | 15:45 | Final |

## Results

All times shown are in meters.
| KEY: | q | Fastest non-qualifiers | Q | Qualified | NR | National record | PB | Personal best | SB | Seasonal best | DQ | Disqualified |

### Final

The results were as follows:
| Rank | Name | Nationality | #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | #6 | Mark | Notes |
| | Anderson Peters | Grenada | 87.31 | 81.78 | 78.92 | 85.90 | 81.21 | x | 87.31 | GR, NR |
| | Keshorn Walcott | Trinidad and Tobago | 83.55 | 82.92 | 82.92 | x | x | 75.54 | 83.55 | |
| | Albert Reynolds | Saint Lucia | 76.91 | 75.93 | 77.51 | 73.64 | 77.56 | 82.19 | 82.19 | NR |
| 4 | Michael Shuey | United States | x | 73.21 | 78.02 | 80.35 | x | 80.72 | 80.72 | |
| 5 | Markim Felix | Grenada | 77.18 | 72.47 | 74.77 | 69.26 | 71.18 | 72.30 | 77.18 | |
| 6 | Shakeil Waithe | Trinidad and Tobago | 71.80 | x | 76.15 | x | x | – | 76.15 | |
| 7 | Arley Ibargüen | Colombia | 72.51 | 74.85 | 74.46 | 70.69 | x | 67.97 | 74.85 | |
| 8 | Dayron Márquez | Colombia | 73.15 | 73.99 | 71.88 | 73.17 | 71.58 | 72.71 | 73.99 | |
| 9 | Francisco Muse | Chile | 69.33 | 72.84 | 72.84 | | | | 72.84 | |
| 10 | Curtis Thompson | United States | 64.28 | x | 65.39 | | | | 65.39 | |
# Capparis sprucei

Capparis sprucei is a species of plant in the Capparaceae family. It is endemic to Peru.
# Cumberland, North Carolina

Cumberland is an unincorporated community in Cumberland County, North Carolina, United States. The community is located between Fayetteville to the north and Hope Mills on North Carolina Highway 59; parts of the community have been annexed by the two cities. Cumberland has a post office with ZIP code 28331.
# 1993 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's doubles

The 1993 World Table Tennis Championships men's doubles was the 42nd edition of the men's doubles championship.
Wang Tao and Lü Lin won the title after defeating Ma Wenge and Zhang Lei in the final by three sets to one. The matches were best of five sets from the quarter-final stage.

## Results

| Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| Wang Tao Lü Lin | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Allan Bentsen Kim Høgsberg | 8 | 15 | Wang Tao Lü Lin | 14 | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Wenguan Johnny Huang Carl Prean | 14 | 19 | Persson Lindh | 21 | 13 | 15 | 10 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Jörgen Persson Erik Lindh | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | Wang Tao Lü Lin | 22 | 26 | 21 | 22 | | | | | |
| Jan-Ove Waldner Mikael Appelgren | 22 | 21 | | | | | | | Yoo Nam-kyu Kim Taek-soo | 20 | 28 | 16 | 20 | | | | | |
| Kim Song Hui Li Sung-il | 20 | 19 | Waldner Appelgren | 16 | 21 | 13 | 21 | 15 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Chiang Peng-lung Feng Sheng-Chin | 13 | 12 | Yoo Nam-kyu Kim Taek-soo | 21 | 17 | 21 | 15 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Yoo Nam-kyu Kim Taek-soo | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | | | Wang Tao Lü Lin | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Zoltan Harczi Zoltan Bátorfi | 18 | 14 | | | | | | | | | | | | Ma Wenge Zhang Lei | 21 | 12 | 13 | 15 |
| Liu Guoliang Lin Zhigang | 21 | 21 | Liu Guoliang Lin Zhigang | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Kim Myong Jun Choi Gyong Sop | 21 | 21 | Kim Myong Jun Choi Gyong Sop | 12 | 8 | 15 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Jean-Philippe Gatien Damien Éloi | 19 | 9 | | | | | | | Liu Guoliang Lin Zhigang | 11 | 12 | 18 | | | | | | |
| Kang Hee-chan Lee Chul-seung | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | Ma Wenge Zhang Lei | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | |
| Andrzej Grubba Zoran Kalinić | 16 | 14 | Kang Hee-chan Lee Chul-seung | 15 | 9 | 21 | 19 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Ma Wenge Zhang Lei | 21 | 21 | Ma Wenge Zhang Lei | 21 | 21 | 15 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Trinko Keen Danny Heister | 8 | 15 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Carapeços

Carapeços is a Portuguese freguesia ("civil parish"), located in the municipality of Barcelos. The population in 2011 was 2,277, in an area of 8.12 km$^2$.
# Belo Polje, Gornji Milanovac

Belo Polje is a village in the municipality of Gornji Milanovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 256 people.
# Armstedt

Armstedt is a municipality in the district of Segeberg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
# 2007 Saga gubernatorial election

A gubernatorial election was held on 8 April 2007 to elect the Governor of Saga Prefecture. Incumbent Yasushi Furukawa was re-elected.

## Candidates

* Yasushi Furukawa – incumbent Governor of Saga Prefecture, age 48
* Masakatsu Hirabayashi (平林正勝, Hirabayashi Masakatsu) – Communist Party Committee Chairman, age 59

## Results

2007 Saga gubernational election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Independent | Yasushi Furukawa (incumbent) | 332,785 | | |
| | Communist | Masakatsu Hirabayashi | 87,158 | | |
# DTYMK

Thymidylate kinase also known as deoxythymidylate kinase or dTMP kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DTYMK gene. and belongs to thymidylate kinase family of proteins.
# Coenosia verralli

Coenosia verralli is a species of fly in the family Muscidae. It is found in the Palearctic . The name honours George Henry Verrall
# Carl Eduard Hellmayr

Carl Eduard Hellmayr (29 January 1878 – 24 February 1944) was an Austrian ornithologist.

## Biography

Hellmayr was born in Vienna and studied at the University of Vienna, although he did not complete his degree. After his studies he worked in Vienna, Munich, Berlin, Paris, Tring (England), and Chicago.
He spent the years 1905–1908 studying Baron Rothschild's private collection of natural history specimens at Tring, near London. There he received guidance from the German ornithologist Ernst Hartert.
In 1908, Hellmayr was appointed Curator of the Bird Department at the Bavarian State Museum, which he had helped organize in 1903 and where he became a specialist in Neotropical birds, studying Johann Baptist von Spix's collection of Brazilian birds.
In 1922, he was made Curator in Zoology at the Field Museum in Chicago. He stayed there until 1931. His books included 13 of the 15 volumes of the Catalogue of Birds of the Americas (1918–1949), a work initiated by Hellmayr's predecessor, Charles B. Cory. With Henry Boardman Conover he published The Birds of Chile.
In 1931, Hellmayr went back to Vienna. After the Nazi takeover of Austria in 1938, he was arrested and briefly jailed for reasons that are not fully known but probably related to his unsympathetic views toward the Nazi Party (Hellmayr did not make political statements in public, but his interest – as an amateur historian – in the French Revolution shows that he was more than casually interested in such topics). After his release he emigrated with his wife to Switzerland. Following a long period of declining health, he died in 1944 in Orselina, near Locarno.
Historian François Vuilleumier writes that "Hellmayr's pivotal role was first and foremost to bring order to [the] nomenclatural chaos" of his day that had resulted in erroneous citations and hindered analysis of species and genera.
# 1991 African Cup Winners' Cup

The 1991 season of the African Cup Winners' Cup football club tournament was won by Power Dynamos in two-legged final victory against BCC Lions. This was the seventeenth season that the tournament took place for the winners of each African country's domestic cup. Thirty-six sides entered the competition, Ground Fource withdrawing before the 1st leg of the first round, Ports Authority disqualified by CAF after 1st leg of the first round and Arsenal withdrawing at the same stage of the competition.

## Preliminary round

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Olympic FC | 8–2 | Forces Armées CA | 5–1 | 3–1 |
| Plaisance FC | 1–6 | Rivatex FC | 1–3 | 0–3 |
| Primeiro de Agosto | 9–1 | Black Africa | 7–0 | 2–1 |
| Small Simba SC | 2–3 | Mbabane Highlanders | 1–0 | 1–3 |

## First round

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| AS Marsa | dq | Ports Authority | 5–0 | w/o |
| ASFA Yennenga | 1–1 (3–2 p) | Asante Kotoko | 1–0 | 0–1 |
| Arsenal FC | w/o | AS Inter Star | 2–0 | — |
| FC BFV | 2–3 | Kampala City Council | 1–0 | 1–3 |
| Dragons de l'Ouémé | 2–3 | BCC Lions | 2–0 | 0–3 |
| Dynamos FC | 7–1 | CD Maxaquene | 5–1 | 2–0 |
| SC Gagnoa | 2–2 (5–4 p) | Stade Malien | 2–0 | 0–2 |
| Ground Force SC | w/o | Al-Madina | — | — |
| Mbabane Highlanders | 1–1 (a) | Al-Ittihad SC | 1–1 | 0–0 |
| ASC Linguère | 2–7 | ES Sétif | 1–0 | 1–7 |
| Olympic FC | 3–3 (a) | Prévoyance Yaoundé | 2–0 | 1–3 |
| Primeiro de Agosto | 1–2 | Diables Noirs | 0–0 | 1–2 |
| Renaissance FC | 0–4 | El Mokawloon | 0–1 | 0–3 |
| Rivatex FC | 3–4 | Power Dynamos | 1–0 | 2–4 |
| Semassi FC | 1–2 | DC Motema Pembe | 0–0 | 1–2 |
| Shellsport FC | 3–1 | Stationery Stores | 2–0 | 1–1 |

## Second round

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| El Mokawloon | 2–1 | Kampala City Council | 2–0 | 0–1 |
| ASFA Yennenga | 3–2 | AS Marsa | 3–1 | 0–1 |
| BCC Lions | 2–0 | Al-Madina | 2–0 | 0–0 |
| DC Motema Pembe | 3–3 (4–3 p) | Olympic FC | 2–1 | 1–2 |
| Diables Noirs | 1–3 | Dynamos FC | 0–2 | 1–1 |
| ES Sétif | 5–2 | SC Gagnoa | 4–0 | 1–2 |
| Power Dynamos | 4–1 | Al-Ittihad SC | 2–1 | 2–0 |
| Shellsport FC | 2–3 | AS Inter Star | 1–0 | 1–3 |

## Quarter-finals

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| ASFA Yennenga | 1–1 (a) | Power Dynamos | 1–1 | 0–0 |
| DC Motema Pembe | 2–3 | ES Sétif | 2–1 | 0–2 |
| Dynamos FC | 1–4 | BCC Lions | 1–1 | 0–3 |
| AS Inter Star | 0–0 (5–4 p) | El Mokawloon | 0–0 | 0–0 |

## Semi-finals

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| BCC Lions | 2–1 | ES Sétif | 1–0 | 1–1 |
| Power Dynamos | 4–3 | AS Inter Star | 2–1 | 2–2 |

## Final

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| BCC Lions | 4–5 | Power Dynamos | 3–2 | 1–3 |
# Caraphia lingafelteri

Caraphia lingafelteri is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Ohbayashi and Yamasako in 2016. It is found in Matagalpa Department in Nicaragua.
# Christiana Light

The Christiana Light was a historic lighthouse located on the Christina River in Delaware. It was deactivated when new range lights came into service and was demolished in 1939.

## History

The Christina River was the historic entrance to Wilmington's harbor (the present Port of Wilmington sits at the river's mouth on the Delaware River) and therefore an early candidate for a light. This was established in 1835 in the form of a two-story house with a short tower on its roof. The original beacon was a set of ten lamps and reflectors, reduced to eight by 1841. In 1844 the oil lamps were replaced with an experimental system producing "rosin gas" on-site through a chemical reaction. The Christiana beacon was the first light to use this system, but, although it supposedly was considerably cheaper than oil, the system was not adopted, and the light switched back to conventional fuel the following year. A fourth-order Fresnel lens eventually replaced the reflector system.
In 1869 a depot was constructed for buoy maintenance; caissons for some lighthouses were also assembled there. This location proved inferior and the facility was moved further up the Delaware in 1881. In 1884 the Christiana North Jetty Light was erected; its fog bell was operated remotely from electrical equipment located in the Christiana Light's building.
In 1909 Bellevue range lights were activated to mark the route up the Delaware. The rear light was placed next to the jetty, and as it rendered the older light obsolete, the Christiana Light was discontinued that year. It remained standing for years but was finally pulled down in 1939.
As far as is known, the oldest keeper in the United States was stationed at Christiana Light. Anthony Christy was ninety-six when he was appointed in 1853, and occupied the post until his death in 1862 at the age of a hundred and five.
# 1950–51 Luxembourg National Division

The 1950–51 Luxembourg National Division was the 37th season of top level association football in Luxembourg.

## Overview

It was performed in 12 teams, and Jeunesse Esch won the championship.

## League standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Jeunesse Esch | 22 | 14 | 4 | 4 | 52 | 24 | +28 | 32 |
| 2 | National Schifflange | 22 | 12 | 6 | 4 | 58 | 31 | +27 | 30 |
| 3 | FA Red Boys Differdange | 22 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 38 | 27 | +11 | 26 |
| 4 | Stade Dudelange | 22 | 10 | 4 | 8 | 46 | 36 | +10 | 24 |
| 5 | CA Spora Luxembourg | 22 | 9 | 5 | 8 | 54 | 38 | +16 | 23 |
| 6 | SC Tétange | 22 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 43 | 40 | +3 | 23 |
| 7 | Union Luxembourg | 22 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 47 | 47 | 0 | 23 |
| 8 | FC Progrès Niedercorn | 22 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 47 | 40 | +7 | 22 |
| 9 | Racing Rodange | 22 | 9 | 4 | 9 | 45 | 53 | −8 | 22 |
| 10 | Chiers Rodange | 22 | 6 | 9 | 7 | 37 | 46 | −9 | 21 |
| 11 | US Dudelange | 22 | 4 | 4 | 14 | 35 | 68 | −33 | 12 |
| 12 | FCM Young Boys Diekirch | 22 | 2 | 2 | 18 | 30 | 82 | −52 | 6 |

## Results

| Home \ Away | CHI | USD | JEU | NAT | PRO | RAC | RBD | SPO | STD | TÉT | UNI | YBD |
| Chiers Rodange | | 3–1 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 4–3 | 3–4 | 1–1 | 0–0 | 4–3 | 2–3 | 3–3 | 4–1 |
| US Dudelange | 2–2 | | 1–3 | 3–1 | 1–0 | 1–4 | 0–1 | 3–2 | 3–3 | 2–2 | 1–5 | 3–2 |
| Jeunesse Esch | 5–0 | 4–2 | | 2–1 | 2–3 | 3–1 | 2–1 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 2–1 | 6–0 | 4–1 |
| National Schifflange | 2–1 | 6–2 | 4–1 | | 5–1 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 4–4 | 2–3 | 3–2 | 3–1 | 3–0 |
| Progrès Niederkorn | 1–1 | 4–2 | 0–0 | 1–3 | | 1–2 | 1–1 | 1–3 | 3–0 | 4–0 | 0–2 | 7–0 |
| Racing Rodange | 0–0 | 7–2 | 0–5 | 0–9 | 0–1 | | 3–2 | 1–4 | 1–4 | 3–0 | 3–1 | 4–1 |
| Red Boys Differdange | 1–1 | 2–0 | 0–3 | 0–1 | 3–3 | 2–1 | | 1–0 | 3–1 | 3–3 | 6–1 | 2–0 |
| Spora Luxembourg | 0–1 | 7–2 | 0–0 | 2–1 | 2–4 | 2–3 | 1–0 | | 5–1 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 4–4 |
| Stade Dudelange | 4–0 | 2–0 | 1–0 | 0–1 | 0–1 | 1–1 | 0–1 | 3–2 | | 1–1 | 1–1 | 10–1 |
| Tétange | 3–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 2–2 | 6–3 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 0–2 | | 4–1 | 3–0 |
| Union Luxembourg | 5–1 | 2–2 | 5–2 | 0–0 | 4–3 | 0–0 | 0–2 | 2–2 | 2–3 | 1–1 | | 2–1 |
| Young Boys Diekirch | 1–2 | 4–2 | 0–2 | 2–3 | 3–3 | 3–2 | 1–4 | 1–7 | 2–3 | 0–2 | 2–6 | |
# DT Quokka (1801)

DT (edit ‘MT’ Qoukka!)Quokka (1801) was a medium harbour tug operated by the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) until 1998. She was constructed by Shoreline Engineers, Portland, Victoria in 1982 and completed in December 1983. Quokka spent most of her RAN career at HMAS Stirling in Western Australia, except for a brief stint in Darwin, and was sold in 1998.
Powered by twin 8V92 (360hp) series Detroit Diesel main engines coupled to Twin Disc gearboxes and non steerable kort nozzles gave her an 11 metric ton bollard pull. Electrical power was provided by two 3-53 series Detroit Diesel engines coupled to 25kW Stamford single phase alternators. A docking was undertaken in 1995 at HMAS Stirling (Garden Island W.A) for a Lloyds hull survey and blast/paint during which time the stern tube seals were upgraded from a packed gland arrangement utilising Neox lubricant to a Chesterton mechanical seal arrangement.
She offered berthing for four and had a rudimentary galley/mess plus shower and toilet facilities and was fully air conditioned.
Normally crewed by 4 including an engineer.
Quokka is now operated by Defence Maritime Services.
# Coat of arms of Rhode Island

The coat of arms of Rhode Island is an official emblem of the state, alongside the seal and state flag. The blazon (description) was officially adopted by the General Assembly in 1881, to be effective 1 February 1882.
The arms are described legally thus: "The arms of the state are a golden anchor on a blue field, and the motto thereof is the word 'Hope'".

## Use

Besides being used by itself, the coat of arms of Rhode Island is used on the standard (flag) of the governor of Rhode Island, and many governmental seals of the state.
* Flag of the governor of Rhode Island
* Seal of the governor
* Seal of the lieutenant governor
# Carex multifolia

Carex multifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Cyperaceae. It was first formally named in 1931 by Jisaburo Ohwi. It is found in Korea and Japan.
# Begonia obliqua

Begonia obliqua is the type species of the genus Begonia and the species to which Plumier first gave the name Begonia. It is native to Martinique, Dominica, and Guadeloupe.
The name has been misapplied to Begonia grandis by Thunberg, to Begonia minor by L'Héritier, and to Begonia fischeri by Vellozo.
# 1993 in Korea

1993 in Korea may refer to:
* 1993 in North Korea
* 1993 in South Korea
# Amodal perception

Amodal perception is the perception of the whole of a physical structure when only parts of it affect the sensory receptors. For example, a table will be perceived as a complete volumetric structure even if only part of it—the facing surface—projects to the retina; it is perceived as possessing internal volume and hidden rear surfaces despite the fact that only the near surfaces are exposed to view. Similarly, the world around us is perceived as a surrounding plenum, even though only part of it is in view at any time. Another much quoted example is that of the "dog behind a picket fence" in which a long narrow object (the dog) is partially occluded by fence-posts in front of it, but is nevertheless perceived as a single continuous object. Albert Bregman noted an auditory analogue of this phenomenon: when a melody is interrupted by bursts of white noise, it is nonetheless heard as a single melody continuing "behind" the bursts of noise.
Formulation of the theory is credited to the Belgian psychologist Albert Michotte and Fabio Metelli, an Italian psychologist, with their work developed in recent years by E.S. Reed and the Gestaltists.
Modal completion is a similar phenomenon in which a shape is perceived to be occluding other shapes even when the shape itself is not drawn. Examples include the triangle that appears to be occluding three disks and an outlined triangle in the Kanizsa triangle and the circles and squares that appear in different versions of the Koffka cross.
# Beach Stars

Beach Stars (Japanese: ビーチスターズ, Hepburn: Bīchi Sutāzu) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Masahiro Morio. It was serialized in Shogakukan's seinen manga magazine Weekly Young Sunday from March 2007 to July 2008, when the magazine ceased its publication; it continued in YS Special from September to December 2008. Its chapters were collected in seven tankōbon volumes. A direct sequel, titled The!! Beach Stars, was serialized in Shogakukan's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Sunday from May 2009 to April 2010, with its chapters collected in two tankōbon volumes.

## Publication

Written and illustrated by Masahiro Morio [ja], Beach Stars was serialized in Shogakukan's seinen manga magazine Weekly Young Sunday from March 8, 2007, to July 31, 2008, when the magazine ceased its publication. The series later ran in YS Special from September 25 to December 25, 2008. Shogakukan collected its chapters in seven tankōbon volumes, released from July 5, 2007, to March 30, 2009.
A direct continuation, titled The!! Beach Stars (ザ!!ビーチスターズ, Za!! Bīchi Sutāzu), was serialized in Shogakukan's then-brand-new shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Sunday from May 12, 2009, to April 12, 2010. Shogakukan collected its chapters in two tankōbon volumes, released on February 12 and June 11, 2010.
The manga was licensed in France by Kurokawa.
# DTY

DTY or dty can refer to:
* the ISO 639-3 code for the Doteli language
* a kind of Polyester#Polyester_processing