OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alexander Lindsay of Glenesk

Sir Alexander Lindsay of Glenesk (died 1381) was a Scottish knight banneret. Active in jousting and as a crusader he was in favour with the Scottish kings David II and Robert II.

## Biography

Lindsay was the second surviving son to Sir David de Lindsay of Crawford and the Byres, and Mary Abernethy, widow of Andre de Leschelyn (Leslie), and a daughter and co-heiress of Alexander de Abernethy. Lindsay's father had been Constable of Edinburgh Castle and Berwick and active during the Wars of Independence.
Lindsay was esquire to his cousin Thomas Stewart, 2nd Earl of Angus. Lindsay inherited his mother's lands in Angus, and also acquired some of the baronies allotted to his aunt Marget Aberhethy, Countess of Angus. Upon his marriage to Catherine Stirling around 1358, he consolidated his already large maternal inheritance, with that of his wife, which would add to the extensive landholdings of the Earldom of Crawford in north-east Scotland and elsewhere.
Lindsay was knighted before 1368, He was party to a truce with England as "Chevalier et Baron" in 1369. He sealed with his nephew the settlements of the Crown (1371–1373) and was Justiciary in the North possibly as early of 1371 but definitely by 1373.
He had many safe-conducts from the English kings Edward III and Richard II, and on December 1381, he obtained a passport to travel through England on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. He died on Crete some time before March 1382.

## Family

Lindsay married Catherine Stirling (died by 1378), widow of Andrew Leslie of that Ilk and daughter to John Stirling of Glenesk. They had children:
* David Lindsay, 1st Earl of Crawford.
* Sir Alexander Lindsay of Baltrody. He fought in a tournament with Ralph de Nevill 1391, a warrant to this effect being granted by King Richard II 20 June 1391. He had a pension from Crail, the entries in the Exchequer Rolls proving that he died between 1397 and 1398. He probably died childless.
* Euphemia Lindsay, who married David Stewart, Earl of Strathearn
Lindsay married secondly to Marjorie, daughter to Sir John Stewart of Ralston, and niece to Robert II of Scotland. They had children:
* Sir William Lindsay of Rossie, known as one of those responsible for the death of David, Duke of Rothesay. He was tutor to David, younger son of the Earl of Crawford in 1407, executor to the Earl, had charter of lands in Ballenbreich from Earl Alexander in 1423. He married Matilda Stewart (died 1485). He died between 1435 and 1437.
* Sir Walter Lindsay of Kinneff who was killed at the battle of Verneuil (1424). Katherine his widow married Walter Dempster. Sir Walter had a son also Walter
* Euphemia Lindsay who was engaged to David Duke of Rothesay, but the marriage did not take place.
Lindsay also had an illegitimate son Jon who was living in 1378. He also had a son James, Rector of St. Brioc, Canon and Treasurer of Aberdeen. He had dispensation for illegitimacy on taking Holy Orders, but as Sir Alexander Lindsay and his second wife must have been cousins James may have been their son.
# Alexander Nelson (British Army officer)

Lieutenant-General Sir Alexander Abercromby Nelson KCB JP (30 June 1814 – 28 September 1893) was a British Army officer who became Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey.

## Military career

Educated at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, Nelson was commissioned into the 40th Regiment of Foot as an ensign in 1835. He served in Kandahar and in Afghanistan in 1841 and 1842 and took part in the Battle of Hyderabad in 1843 during the Conquest of Sindh. He was appointed Deputy Assistant Adjutant-General at Portsmouth in 1854 and subsequently became brigade major there before being made Deputy Adjutant-General in Jamaica in 1864. He was responsible for putting down the Morant Bay rebellion there, ordering the trial of George Gordon who was subsequently hanged in 1865. He went on to be Assistant Adjutant-General for Cork district in 1867 and Adjutant-General in Gibraltar in 1873. He became Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey in 1879.

## Family

In 1846 he married Emma Georgiana Hibbert.
# Alexander Nelke

Sergei Alexander Nelke (December 14, 1894 — August 14, 1974) was an Estonian-American artist in the mid to late 20th century. He is primarily known as marine and landscape artist specializing in square rigged sailing vessels.

## Early life

Nelke was the middle of three sons to Karl and Anna Nelke. His father was a carriage maker and worked on the ceremonial carriage that was built for Queen Victoria when she visited Russia in 1894. After completing his secondary education in 1910, Nelke began his career as a seaman working as a ships carpenter, eventually rising to the rank of 2nd Mate. Nelke became an expert ships carpenter and rigger and acquired a thorough knowledge of the sea and sailing vessels from all over the world. Nelke would spend over fifteen years at sea before finally settling in Brooklyn, NY, near his brother Waldemar. He became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1945.

## Career as an artist

Nelke was primarily self taught as an artist and began painting by using cut up sails as canvas while out at sea. After settling in America, Nelke continued working as a carpenter and painted out of his studio on Baltic Street in Brooklyn. He studied for a time under fellow marine painter William C. Ehrig.
His background as a seaman and ship builder allowed him to produce highly detailed and accurate paintings of seascapes and nautical vessels. He was considered an authority in the field of maritime art and also in the detail of sailing ships (especially rigging) and their construction. He was often consulted on high-end ship models. This attracted interest in the commercial market and Nelke was commissioned to paint several pieces which would be reproduced on items such as prints, playing cards and jigsaw puzzles to be sold to the public.
Nelke sat on the committee for the Washington Square Outdoor Art Exhibit, which was started by Vernon Carroll Porter in 1931 and was also a former director of the Brooklyn Outdoor Art Show. He was a member of the Salons of America, and exhibited his work with them in 1934 and 1936. He also exhibited with The Society of Independent Artists in 1934, 1936, 1938, 1940 and 1944.
At the age of 79, Nelke died in his Brooklyn, NY apartment on August 14, 1974. He is buried near his brother Waldemar in Wappingers Falls, NY.
# Alexander Nelson Hansell

Alexander Nelson Hansell (6 October 1857$^{:103–104}$ – 1940) was a British architect known primarily for his activities in Kobe, Japan. In 1891 he became a fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects He had an apprentice named Yokoyama Eikichi.$^{:178}$

## Life

Hansell was born on 6 October 1857 in Caen in Normandy, France.$^{:103–104}$His father Peter Hansell was a British$^{:173}$ pastor,$^{:103–104}$ who had been rector of Kingsdon, Somerset before being appointed as Consular Chaplain of Caen on 11 October 1853. Father and son later returned together to Somerset, England.$^{:173}$
At some point Alexander moved from Somerset to Winchester, where he studied architecture,$^{:173}$ and in 1888 he moved to Japan. He worked teaching English at a seminary on Lot 18 of the Kawaguchi foreign settlement in Osaka$^{:105}$ before beginning his activities as an architect. His first job was the planning of the Harris Science Hall at Doshisha University.$^{:105}$ He continued on to design the clubhouse of the newly renamed Kobe Club at the Kobe foreign settlement, and was thereafter involved in the planning of many more structures both inside the foreign settlement and in the surrounding mixed residential zone.$^{:105–106}$
During the First World War, Alexander's only son Kenneth was killed in battle. Alexander mourned his loss greatly, and in 1920 he moved to Hankou in China, and then later to Monaco, where he died.$^{:178–179}$
Hansell's personal residence, known as the Choueke House, is now run as a tourist attraction, located on Yamamoto-dōri in Chūō-ku, Kobe.

## Important works
### In and around the foreign concession

* Original Kobe Club [ja] clubhouse: 1890 (in Higashi Yuenchi Park [ja], destroyed by the war in 1945)$^{:105–106}$$^{:114–115}$
* Delacamp & Co. [ja] office at Lot 122 in the concession:$^{:115–116}$ 1893$^{:177}$
* Choueke House [ja]: 1896, Hansell's own residence$^{:105}$
* Club Concordia clubhouse at Lot 126 in the concession:$^{:115–116}$ 1896$^{:177}$
* German consulate at Lot 115 in the concession:$^{:115–116}$ 1901$^{:177}$
* HSBC at Lot 2 in the concession:$^{:115–116}$ 1902$^{:177}$
* Jardine Matheson at Lot 67 in the concession:$^{:115–116}$ 1905$^{:177}$
* Guggenheim House [ja]: 1912, currently owned by the stained glass artist Michiyo Durt-Morimoto
* Standard Chartered bank at Lot 67 in the concession$^{:115–116}$
* Sharp House [ja] (assumed): 1903,$^{:177}$ Important Cultural Property
* Former Hassam House [ja] (assumed$^{:178}$): 1902,$^{:177}$ Important Cultural Property

### Elsewhere

* Harris Science Hall at Doshisha University: 1890, Important Cultural Property$^{:105}$
* Meiji Hall at St. Agnes' School [ja]: 1895, registered Tangible Cultural Property
* Dethlefsen House, 1895, former home of A. P. Dethlefsen
* The first clubhouse of the Kobe Club
* The Guggenheim house
# Alfonso de la Cerda (bishop)

Alfonso de la Cerda, O.P. (died June 25, 1592) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of La Plata o Charcas (1587–1592) and Bishop of Comayagua (1578–1587).

## Biography

Alfonso de la Cerda was born in Caceres, Spain and moved to the United States to make a living but - discouraged by the morality of his fellow migrants - he left and entered the convent of San Rosario in Lima where he was ordained a priest in the Order of Preachers in 1545. He was elected prior of the convents of Porto Bello, Arequipa, and Lima, and then preacher-general of Peru, and finally provincial of Peru where he established a requirement that all missionaries have some knowledge of Indian languages. In 1573, he was sent to Rome to represent the interests of the Dominicans of Peru. On January 13, 1578, he was appointed by the King of Spain and confirmed by Pope Gregory XIII as Bishop of Comayagua. On November 6, 1587, he was appointed by the King of Spain and confirmed by Pope Sixtus V as Bishop of La Plata o Charcas. In 1588, he founded a convent of his order in Chuquisaca. He served as Bishop La Plata o Charcas until his death on June 25, 1592, in Chuquisaca.
# Alexey Vasilyev

Aleksei Vasiliev or Alexey Vasilyev may refer to:
* Alexei Vasiliev (ice hockey, born 1977), Russian professional ice hockey defenceman
* Aleksei Vasiliev (ice hockey, born 1984), Russian professional ice hockey forward
* Aleksei Vasilyev (footballer) (born 1987), Russian footballer
* Aleksey Vasilyev (racing driver) (born 1972), Russian auto racing driver
* Alexei Mikhailovich Vasiliev (born 1939), Russian Africanist, director of Institute of African Studies
# Alfred Crane

Sir Alfred Victor Crane (8 February 1892 – 20 February 1955) was a British colonial judge. He was Chief Justice of British Honduras from 1950 to 1955.
Born in Georgetown, British Guiana, Crane was admitted as a solicitor of the Supreme Court of British Guiana in 1919, and took a London LLB in 1923. From 1923 to 1933, he was Mayor of Georgetown, concurrently serving as a member of the colony's legislature from 1926 to 1933, and as senior magistrate of British Guiana from 1933 to 1946. He was called to the English bar at the Inner Temple in 1935. He was acting Solicitor-General for Guiana for a time in 1946.
Crane was appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Windward and Leeward Islands from 1946 to 1950, acting as Chief Justice in 1950. From 1950 until his retirement in 1955, he was Chief Justice of British Honduras. He was knighted in 1954.
# Chiliile

Chiliile is a commune in Buzău County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Budești, Chiliile, Crevelești, Ghiocari, Glodu-Petcari, Poiana Pletari and Trestioara.
# Chimes: Upon Reading V. M. Shukshin

Chimes: Upon Reading V. M. Shukshin (Russian: Перезвоны — По прочтении В. М. Шукшина, romanized: Perezvony — Po prochtenii V. M. Shukshina) is a choral symphony by Valery Gavrilin. It was composed between 1978 and 1982, and premiered in 1984. The texts, inspired after a reading of Vasily Shukshin, are compiled from folk poetry, Albina Shulgina, and Gavrilin himself. The premiere in 1984 was seen as a turning away from European themes to Russian themes in Gavrilin's output. The work was recorded by Melodiya in 1988, with the soloists Natalia Gerasimova, Svetlana Beloklokova, Ludmila Slepneva, Anatoly Lyubimov, and the Moscow Chamber Choir, conducted by Vladimir Minin [ru].

## Instrumentation

The instrumentation for Chimes is as follows:

## Movements

* Cheerful in Spirit (Russian: Весело на душе, romanized: Veselo na dushe)
* Death of a Bandit (Russian: Смерть разбойника, romanized: Smert' razboynika)
* Little Reed Pipe (Russian: Дудочка, romanized: Dudochka)
* Nonsense (Russian: Ерунда, romanized: Yerunda)
* Little Reed Pipe
* Hangout (Russian: Посиделки, romanized: Posidelki)
* Little Reed Pipe
* Ti-ri-ri (Russian: Ти-ри-ри, romanized: Ti-ri-ri)
* Little Reed Pipe
* Evening Music (Russian: Вечерняя музыка, romanized: Verchernyaya muzyka)
* Little Reed Pipe
* Sunday (Russian: Воскресенье, romanized: Voskresen'ye)
* Little Reed Pipe
* Tell Me, Tell Me, Darling (Russian: Скажи, скажи, голубчик, romanized: Skazhi, skazhi, golubnik)
* Ugly Lady (Russian: Страшенная баба, romanized: Strashennaya baba)
* White-White Snow (Russian: Белы-белы снеги, romanized: Bely-bely snegi)
* Prayer (Russian: Молитва, romanized: Molitva)
* Mother River (Russian: Матка-река, romanized: Matka-reka)
* Little Reed Pipe
* The Road (Russian: Дорога, romanized: Doroga)
# Chinese pygmy dormouse

The Chinese pygmy dormouse, (Typhlomys cinereus) is a species of rodent of the family Platacanthomyidae found in China and Vietnam.

## Subspecies

Musser and Carleton (2005) recognized five subspecies. While the northwest Vietnamese form Typhlomys cinereus chapensis is often treated as a distinct species, it falls within the normal variance of Chinese T. cinereus.
* Pygmy dormouse or soft-furred tree mouse Typhlomys cinereus Milne-Edwards, 1877
** T. c. cinereus Milne-Edwards, 1877
** T. c. chapensis Osgood, 1932
** T. c. daloushanensis Wang & Li, 1996
** T. c. guangxiensis Wang & Chen, 1996
** T. c. jingdongensis Wu & Wang, 1984

## Description

The Chinese pygmy dormouse grows to a head-and-body length of about 67 to 90 mm (2.6 to 3.5 in) with a tail of one and half times its body-length. It has prominent, nearly hairless ears and white whiskers. The dorsal fur is dark greyish-brown and the underparts are grey with white-tipped hairs. The tail has whorls of scales near its base while the hindermost two-thirds are bushy with a tufted white tail-tip.

## Distribution

The Chinese pygmy dormouse is native to Vietnam and the Chinese provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Zhejiang.

## Behaviour

The Chinese pygmy dormouse lives in mountain forests, including bamboo forests, where it climbs in trees. It can also burrow, but is not blind (a fact that might have been deduced from the genus name Typhlomys). It feeds on parts of plants including leaves, stems, fruit, and seeds. Little is known about the reproduction of this species, but the females have four nipples and pregnant females containing two to four embryos have been found. It may use echolocation for its nocturnal activities.

## Status

The Chinese pygmy dormouse is retiring and seldom seen, so may be more abundant than is apparent. It is present in primary forest and the edge of degraded forest, but does not seem to inhabit secondary forest. A number of national parks and other protected areas are within its range, and no particular threats have been identified, so the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed it as being of "least concern".
# Chlamydastis morbida

Chlamydastis morbida is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1877.
# Chloe Honum

Chloe Honum (born 1981) is a New Zealand-American poet and professor. She was born in Santa Monica, California, and was raised in Auckland, New Zealand, and holds dual-citizenship. She earned her B.A. from Sarah Lawrence College in 2003, her M.F.A in Poetry from University of Arkansas in 2010, and her Ph.D. in Poetry from Texas Tech University in 2016.
She is currently an Associate Professor of Poetry at Baylor University in Texas. Her interests are listed as creative writing poetry and postmodern American poetry.
She has won a Pushcart Prize, and received a Ruth Lilly Fellowship alongside fellowships from the MacDowell Colony, the Kerouac House of Orlando, and the Djerassi Resident Artists Program. In 2019, Honum was the recipient of the Grimshaw Sargeson Fellowship and focused her work on forced adoptions in New Zealand during the 1950s through the 1970s. The collection was tentatively named The Girl Alone. She also earned a Texas Institute of Letters Award.
Her work has been published in Poetry Magazine, The Adroit Journal, Blackbird, Tupelo Quarterly, and Shenandoah.
Honum cites her background as a ballerina in her youth as an influence, stating, "As in ballet, in poetry I’m drawn to precision, strength, and music." She has stated that grief was "what first drew her to poetry", and her poetry often deals heavily with the loss of her mother, who committed suicide when Honum was 17.

## Works

Her first book, The Tulip-Flame, was published in 2014 which was selected by Tracy K. Smith for the Cleveland State University Poetry Center First Book Prize. Catherine Pond from the Los Angeles Review of Books described the collection as, "In fact, what the collection lacks is in many ways its greatest strength. Patience is Honum’s virtuosity. She is taking her time. This is how poetry is meant to be written – and read."
Her next book, Then Winter, was published in 2017 by Bull City Press.
Her most recent collection, The Lantern Room, was published in 2022 by Tupelo Press.
# Chisel Jersey

The 'Chisel Jersey' is a cultivar of cider apple originating in Somerset.

## Etymology

The term "Jersey" or "Jaysey" is applied to bittersweet type cider apples in Somerset; the equivalent varietal terms in Herefordshire and Gloucestershire are "Norman" and "French" respectively.
"Chisel" may be derived from the old dialect word chesil, meaning a pebble, and refer to the apple's small, russetted appearance and hardness.

## History

'Chisel Jersey' is thought to have originated in the 19th century in Martock and for around a century was planted little outside the immediate area. During the mid 20th century it was more widely planted in commercial orchards in Somerset and Dorset, and can still be found despite the subsequent destruction of many older orchards.
In the Martock district 'Chisel Jersey' was believed to be one of the parents of the commercially important cultivar 'Dabinett', a belief supported by subsequent research by the Long Ashton Research Station.

## Characteristics

'Chisel Jersey' is a full "bittersweet" apple, high in tannins and sugars and relatively low in malic acid. The fruit are small, green with a striped red flush, and ripen late in the year: they usually have a distinctive offset stem (hence its alternative name 'Sidestalk Jersey'). In some seasons virus infection can tend to produce small, cracked, heavily russetted fruit. The fruit somewhat resembles that of the cultivar's supposed offspring 'Dabinett', albeit the latter is less tannic. The cultivar 'Sandford Jersey' was commercially planted in Herefordshire under the name 'Chisel Jersey', but can be distinguished from the true cultivar by the lack of an offset stem.
The tree is diploid and though self-sterile is an excellent pollinator.
# Alfred Holder

Alfred Theophil Holder (4 April 1840 – 12 January 1916) was an Austrian philologist, historian, and librarian. A specialist of Latin literature and Roman history, he is best known for his editions of Horace, Caesar, Tacitus, and Avianus, as well as for his three-volume lexicon of ancient Celtic languages entitled Alt-celtischer Sprachschatz (1891–1913).

## Biography

Alfred Theophil Holder was born on 4 April 1840 in Vienna, the son of Gottlieb Holder (1806–1845), a painter, and Natalie Rheinboldt. He studied classical and German philology at the universities of Bonn and Heidelberg, then continued his education in Paris. From 1863, he worked as a schoolteacher in Rastatt, the Netherlands, and in Ladenburg. In 1867, he joined the Grand Ducal Baden Court and State Library in Karlsruhe, where he became a librarian in 1870. In 1904, he became head of the manuscript department, and in 1911, was appointed director.
From 1895 to 1918, he authored volumes 3, 5–7 of the Die Handschriften der Grossherzoglich Badischen Hof- und Landesbibliothek in Karlsruhe (The manuscripts of the Grand Ducal Baden Court and State Library in Karlsruhe). He died on 12 January 1916 in Karlsruhe.

## Selected works

* Opera recensvervnt O. Keller et A. Holder, 2 volumes, 1864-70 (with Otto Keller).
* Altdeutsche Grammatik, umfassend die gotische, altnordische, altsächsische Sprache, 1870 (original author: Adolf Holtzmann) – Old Germanic grammar; Gothic, Old Norse, Old Saxon languages.
* Waltharius: lateinisches Gedicht des zehnten Jahrhunderts (edition of "Waltharius", original author: Ekkehard I, Dean of St. Gall, with Joseph Victor von Scheffel), 1874.
* De origine et situ Germanorum liber (edition of Tacitus) 1878.
* Q. Horati Flacci opera, 4 parts (edition of Horace) 1878, with Otto Keller.
* Einhardi Vita Karoli imperatoris, (edition of Einhard) 1881.
* Beowulf, 2 parts (edition of "Beowulf") 1882-84.
* Baedae Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorvm (edition of Bede, the Venerable), 1882.
* Saxonis Grammatici Gesta Danorvm, (edition of Saxo Grammaticus) 1886.
* Herodoti Historiae, 2 volumes (edition of Herodotus) 1886-88.
* Rufi Festi Avieni Carmina (edition of Avienius), 1887.
* Historiarum liber quintus, 5 volumes 1887-90.
* Commentum in Horatium Flaccum, (edition of Pomponius Porphyrion) 1894.
* Alt-celtischer Sprachschatz, 3 volumes. 1896-1919.
* C. Iuli Caesaris belli civilis libri III, (edition of Julius Caesar) 1898.
* Favonii Eulogii Disputatio de Somnio Scipionis, (edition of Favonius Eulogius) 1901.
# Elan Gale

Elan Gale (born October 27, 1983) is an American author, television writer, and television producer. He worked on the reality series The Bachelor and created FBOY Island. Gale also produced The Bachelorette, Bachelor Pad, Bachelor in Paradise and High School Reunion.
In April 2023, he entered into an overall deal with ITV America.

## Early life

Gale was born in Los Angeles County, California.
# Al-Burhan

Tafsīr al Burhān is an exegesis on the Quran written by the Zaydi Imam Abu'l-Fath an-Nasir ad-Dailami in the 11th century. The book is still in existence in manuscript.
# Bolitoglossa daryorum

Bolitoglossa daryorum is a lungless salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to Guatemala.
# Encore at Monroe, New Jersey

Encore at Monroe is a gated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Monroe Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 625.

## Geography

It is in southern Middlesex County, in the western part of Monroe Township, and is bordered to the south by Clearbrook. It is 3 miles (5 km) southwest of Jamesburg, 15 miles (24 km) south of New Brunswick, 6 miles (10 km) northeast of Hightstown, and 18 miles (29 km) northeast of Trenton.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the community has an area of 0.193 square miles (0.500 km$^2$), of which 0.001 square miles (0.003 km$^2$), or 0.52%, are water. The community drains westward toward Cranbury Brook, a west-flowing tributary of the Millstone River and part of the Raritan River watershed.

## Demographics

As of the 2020 United States census, the population of the area was 625.