# Adelaide di Borgogna

Adelaide di Borgogna, ossia Ottone, re d’Italia (Adelaide of Burgundy, or Otto, King of Italy) is a two-act opera composed by Gioachino Rossini (with contributions by Michele Carafa) to a libretto by Giovanni Schmidt. It was premièred at the Teatro Argentina in Rome on 27 December 1817.
The libretto of the opera is based on an episode in medieval Italian history. Lotario II, King of Italy from 945 to 950, was poisoned by Berengario, who usurped the Italian crown. Lotario’s widow, Adelaide of Burgundy, took refuge in the fortress of Canossa (Canosso in the opera), to escape Berengario, who wanted to force her to marry his son Adelberto. In Canossa, Adelaide was protected by Attone (Iroldo in the opera) but, unable to resist the siege by Berengario, she asked for the intervention of Otto the Great (Ottone in Italian), the “Holy Roman Emperor” of Germany, offering to be his wife if he granted her the royal rights due to her. Otto crossed the Alps with his army, went down to Lombardy, freed Adelaide, married her, and took her with him to Germany.
However, Giovanni Schmidt’s libretto contains some historical inaccuracies: the action is dated in 947, when in reality Lotario died in 950; moreover, the fortress of Canossa is said to be located near Lake Garda, but in reality it is on the Apennines of Reggio Emilia.
The scene takes place partly in the fortress of Canossa, partly in Otto’s camp.

## Performance history

20th century and beyond
Performances have included concert versions with Della Jones as Ottone and Eiddwen Harrhy as Adelaide given at London's Queen Elizabeth Hall in November 1978, and another at Usher Hall in Edinburgh on 19 August 2005 with the Scottish Chamber Orchestra and Chorus with Jennifer Larmore as Ottone and Majella Cullagh as Adelaide.
The Festival della Valle d'Itria in Martina Franca in Italy presented staged performances in August 1984, with Ottone sung by Martine Dupuy and Adelaide by Mariella Devia. In addition, the Rossini Opera Festival staged it in Pesaro in August 2006, with Daniela Barcellona and Patrizia Ciofi singing the roles of Ottone and Adelaide respectively and it was presented again in a new production in 2011, also with Barcellona as well as Jessica Pratt in the title role.

## Roles

Roles, voice types, premiere cast :
| Role | Voice type | Premiere cast, 27 December 1817 |
| Adelaide | soprano | Elisabetta Manfredini-Guarmani |
| Ottone | contralto | Elisabetta Pinotti |
| Adelberto | tenor | Savino Monelli |
| Berengario | bass | Gioacchino Sciarpelletti |
| Eurice | mezzo-soprano | Anna Maria Muratori |
| Ernesto | tenor | Giovanni Puglieschi |
| Iroldo | mezzo-soprano or tenor | Luisa Bottesi |

## Recordings

| Year | Cast (Ottone, Adelaide, Berengario, Adalberto) | Conductor, Opera house and orchestra | Label |
| 1984 | Martine Dupuy, Mariella Devia, Armando Caforio, Aldo Bertolo | Alberto Zedda, Martina Franca Festival Orchestra and New Cambridge Chorus (Recording of a performance at the Festival della Valle d'Itria in Martina Franca, southern Italy, 4 August) | CD: Fonit Cetra Cat: 3984 27591 |
| 2005 | Jennifer Larmore, Majella Cullagh, Mirco Palazzi, Bruce Ford | Giuliano Carella, Scottish Chamber Orchestra and Chorus (Recording of a concert performance in the Usher Hall, Edinburgh, 19 August) | CD: Opera Rara Cat: ORC 32 |
| 2011 | Daniela Barcellona, Jessica Pratt, Bogdan Mihai, Nicola Uliviero | Dmitri Jurowski, Orchestra and Chorus of Teatro Comunale di Bologna. (Recording of a performance at the Rossini Opera Festival in Pesaro) | Blu-ray DVD: Arthaus Musik, Cat: 108060 |
| 2018 | Margarita Gritskova, Ekaterina Sadovnikova, Baurzhan Anderzhanov, Gheorghe Vlad | Luciano Acocella, Virtuosi Brunensis,Camerata Bach Choir, Poznań, Recorded live at the Rossini in Wildbad Festival | CD:Naxos Records Cat:8.660419-21 |