OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Haunted London

Haunted London (1973) was the fourth published book by Peter Underwood, 'an indefatigable ghost-hunter', who had first published a survey of Britain's haunted sites - Gazetteer of British Ghosts (1971). As had been the case with the broader territory covered in the Gazetteer, '[t]here had previously been no comprehensive survey of London's ghost population'; 'the publicity it received - including posters on London's underground and buses - resulted in good sales'.
Peter's son Christopher was responsible for all the photographs that illustrate the book, and as was the case with those he took for the Gazetteer, they were taken especially, and form a visual journey of their own. Underwood felt that 'he really captured something of the atmosphere and variety of London's haunted houses'. Furthermore, as far as Underwood was concerned, Haunted London was 'the cause not only of several other books but also guided tours of London, illustrated lectures, personal investigations and even a film'.
James Clark repeatedly cites Underwood's book in his own Haunted London (2007). Underwood's Haunted London is also referred to in David Brandon's Haunted London Underground (2009), Richard Estep's In Search of the Paranormal (2015), whilst Richard Jones' Walking Haunted London (2009) and Haunted London (2009) both follow a similar pattern established by Underwood, individual dividing the coverage of stories and reporting of supposed paranormal activity into the same areas of London as Underwood (which Jones also does similarly in his Haunted Britain and Ireland (2001) in relation to Underwood's 1971 Gazetteer of British Ghosts and Gazetteer of Scottish & Irish Ghosts); although Jones does not make any acknowledgement or sign of debt to Underwood as the basis for the form and structure of his books, he does cite other work by Underwood in his bibliography. Simpson and Westwood make references to Underwood's Haunted London in The Penguin Book of Ghosts (2008) and The Lore of the Land (2006).
Underwood would subsequently lament one entry in the book; one that concerned 'the appearance of the Vicar of Radcliffe Wharf' (included in the section covering the 'Isle of Dogs'). Underwood's source material was a ghost story that had been written by Frank Smyth and published in Man, Myth & Magic, (part 105). Smyth's story gave the reader 'every impression of having happened', citing people who also claimed to have seen the ghost. However, in a confession published in The Sunday Times, Smyth admitted to having made up the story.
What particularly vexed Underwood was that, in their publication of the confession, The Sunday Times also cited the following line from Underwood's book: 'the appearance of the Vicar of Ratcliff Wharf is convincing and puzzling', whilst omitting the following words that precede it: 'If we accept the evidence of the four men'. Underwood's efforts to contact the paper regarding being quoted out of context failed.
Haunted London was reprinted in paperback form by Fontana books in 1975, and in a revised form in 2010, by Amberley Publishing.
# Arauchemus

Arauchemus is a genus of South American ground spiders that was first described by R. Ott & Antônio Brescovit in 2012. As of May 2019 it contains only two species, both found in Brazil: A. graudo and A. miudo.
# Débardeur du port d'Anvers

Débardeur du port d'Anvers, also known as Der Hafenarbeiter is a bronze sculpture created by Belgian artist Constantin Meunier in 1890.

## Description

The figure is slightly larger than life-size, reaching about 2 metres in height, and represents a stevedore in work clothes, in contraposto position. To protect his neck from coal dust and rubbing while carrying jute bags, he wears a kind of hood as neck protection.

## History

Débardeur du port d'Anvers is based on a small wax sculpture 48 centimeters high made in 1885 in Brussels in the Salon des XX. In 1889 the plaster statue was presented in Paris at the Salon of the National Society of Fine Arts.
The bronze copy of the first statuette was acquired by the French State in 1890. Other copies in different sizes of the sculpture have been made since 1893, and can be found in Antwerp (where it is considered a symbol of the port city), Stockholm, Dresden, Copenhagen and Lima.

### Der Hafenarbeiter

The original sculpture stands at the southern head of the Friedensbrücke bridge in Frankfurt am Main and is a reminder that immediately downstream of the bridge on its northern side is the former Frankfurt Westhafen, which was in operation from 1885 to 1999. The sculpture is a base of the entrepreneur and then head of the Cassella works, Leo Gans. For a bronze copy in Frankfurt of another Meunier sculpture, Der Sower, located in the Günthersburgpark, provided in 1899 some 150,000 German gold marks.
Since 1910, the sculpture has been in its current location. From 1950 to 1955 it was temporarily placed in front of the Städel Art Institute for construction work on the bridge.

### El estibador

In 1921, during the second presidency of Augusto B. Leguía, the Centennial of the Independence of Peru was celebrated and many colonies of foreign residents decided to grant gifts in the form of monuments to the Peruvian State. In the case of the Belgians, a copy of this sculpture called El estibador, or El estibador belga, was made on a granite pedestal two metres high, which was located on the first block of Leguía Avenue, in the Plaza Bélgica, and inaugurated in 1926.

## Gallery

* Dokwerker, Antwerp
* Lastenträger, Dresden
* Hamnarbetare, Stockholm
* Havnearbejder, Copenhagen
* El estibador, Lima
# Bo Yi (legendary leader)

Yi (Chinese: 益, Yì; fl. 2nd millennium BCE) was a tribal leader of Longshan culture and a culture hero in Chinese mythology who helped Shun and Yu the Great control the Great Flood; he served afterwards as a government minister and a successor as ruler of the empire. Yi is also credited with the invention of digging wells (although Shennong is also credited with this). He was the ancestor of the ruling houses of the Zhao, Qin, Xu and Liang states.

## Names

Yi was also known as Boyi or Bo Yi, written variously as 伯益, 伯夷, 伯翳, and 柏翳. He was also known as Fei the Great (大費, Dafei).

## History

In the Records of the Grand Historian, Sima Qian's account of the origins of the House of Ying states that Fei the Great was the son of Ye the Great and Lady Hua. His father is given as Gao Yao, but this seems to have been a mistake of various scholars in reading the original sources.
He was eventually titled Boyi or Count Yi. Yi was appointed by Shun to assist in controlling the great flood through the controlled burn use of fire to clear the land forests, overgrowth, and marshes; and, also, to provide meat to feed the workers involved in the disaster management effort: he thus became a close companion of Yu, with whom he worked closely for thirteen years in this effort.
Then, after the successful struggle against the flood, and the subsequent reorganization of government, Yi was appointed Minister of Animal Husbandry. According to the more mythical accounts, Yi could domesticate animals and birds due to knowing their languages.
Alternately, Yi is credited by creation of the canon of laws, while his relationship to the flood quelling is not underlined. This presentation is provided in the "Lü xing" 呂刑 chapter of the Book of Documents, where he is listed together with Yu the Great and Houji as "three princes" 三后.
After the succession of Yu as sole emperor, Yu initially designated Yi as his successor, in preference to his son Qi. Versions vary as to whether Yu later changed his mind or if instead Yi was killed in the course of a struggle for the throne, as well as to whether Yi ever served as emperor. According to Sima Qian, Boyi's children by a 'jade lady of the Yao' included Lian the Great and Ruomu. According to the Bamboo Annals, a temple(祠) was made for him after he died during the 6th year of Qi.

## Descendants

His son Ruomu was appointed lord of Xu in approximately 2061 BC by King Qi of Xia. Yi was believed to be the ancestor of Zhao clan and Qin clan as well. The state of Zhao and Qin were ruled by the two clans respectively. Descendants of Zhao clan were known as Zhao clan of Tianshui. Qin Shi Huang was one of his descendant from Qin clan. Other Ying clansmen, descended from Ruomu, formed Pei clan of Hedong.
# Blaenborthyn

Blaenborthyn is a small village in the community of Llandysul, Ceredigion, Wales, which is 60.4 miles (97.2 km) from Cardiff and 179.9 miles (289.5 km) from London. Blaenborthyn is represented in the Senedd by Elin Jones (Plaid Cymru) and is part of the Ceredigion constituency in the House of Commons.

## Etymology

The name Blaenborthyn is a Welsh name which means "The head of the portal (or way in)". "Borthyn" is also found in the town of Ruthin.
# Demand destruction

Demand destruction is a permanent downward shift on the demand curve in the direction of lower demand of a commodity, such as energy products, induced by a prolonged period of high prices or constrained supply. In the context of the oil industry, "demand" generally refers to the quantity consumed (see for example the output of any major industry organization such as the International Energy Agency), rather than any measure of a demand curve as used in mainstream economics. In economics, demand destruction refers to a permanent or sustained decline in the demand for a certain good in response to persistent high prices or limited supply. Because of persistent high prices, consumers may decide that it is not worth purchasing as much of that good, or seek out alternatives as substitutes.

## Usage

The term came to some prominence in tandem with the peak oil theory, where demand destruction is the reduction of demand for oil and oil-derived products. The term is used by Matthew Simmons, Mike Ruppert and other prominent proponents of the theory. It is also used in other resource industries, such as mining.

## Examples

A familiar illustration of demand destruction is the effect of high gasoline prices on automobile sales. It has been widely observed that when gasoline prices are high enough, consumers tend to begin buying smaller and more efficient cars, gradually reducing per-capita demand for gasoline. If the price rise were caused by a temporary lack of supply, and the price then subsequently goes back down as supply returns to normal, the quantity of gas consumed in this case does not immediately go back to its previous level, since the smaller cars that had been sold remain in the fleet for some time. Demand thereby has been "destroyed", shifting the demand curve.
The expectation of future prices and their long-term maintenance at non-economic levels for a certain quantity of consumption also affects vehicle decisions. If the price of fuel is so high that marginal consumers cannot afford the same mileage without switching to a more efficient car, then they are forced to sell the less efficient one. An increase of the quantity of such vehicles causes the used market value to fall, which then increases the depreciation expected of a new vehicle, which increases the total cost of ownership of such vehicles, making them less popular.
The coal reserves in some regions are regarded as a stranded asset that may be permanently left in the ground. Competition from low priced natural gas, reduced demand for coal due to emission restrictions and uneconomic export situations each play a part. Environmental legislation that prevents fracking strands potential natural gas reserves.
During the 1000% price increase of natural gas in Europe in 2021-2022, up to 70% of Europe's nitrogen fertilizer production was shut down on various occasions, as gas is the main part of the production cost.
# Bow Brickhill War Memorial

The Bow Brickhill War Memorial is located on the Village Green, at Church Road, Bow Brickhill, Buckinghamshire, England. It is a grade II listed building with Historic England.

## History

The Bow Brickhill War Memorial was erected in March 1921, during the period following the First World War, which cost the United Kingdom more than one million military deaths. Since the UK government did not repatriate the bodies of all soldiers who died in overseas combat, tens of thousands of war memorials were erected in the UK so that communities could memorialize those who served and returned and those who died.
The memorial was officially unveiled by the dedicated on 26 March 1921 by the 12th Duke of Bedford. In 1947, names of locals who died in the Second World War were added. In 1968, the memorial was damaged; donations were collected for repairs.
The memorial was re-dedicated on Remembrance Day 1988 and in 2016, two new names were added, both casualties of the First World War.

## Description

The Bow Brickhill War Memorial is a freestanding monument made of Portland stone and features 66 names inscribed and infilled with black. The monument takes the form of an octagonal shaft surmounted by a stone critself mountedunted on a two-stepped square base surmounted by a square-sectioned pinth, with shaped angles.
The front face is inscribed with eight names, dedicated to the men from the civil parish of Bow Brickhill who died in the First World War (1914–1918). The other faces are inscribed with the names of men who served in the First World War and the upper step of the base has five names, men who died in the Second World War (1939–1945).

## Notable people

Gerald Featherstone Knight, grandson of the rector of Bow Brickhill, was a captain in the Royal Flying Corps who died of cancer on 30 October 1919, aged 25. Knight was posthumously awarded the Military Cross for his gallantry in escaping from captivity. He authored a memoir, Brother Bosch: An Airman's Escape from Germany, published in 1919.
# Cochylimorpha hapala

Cochylimorpha hapala is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in China (Hong Kong) and on Borneo.
# If Memory Serves

If Memory Serves may refer to:
* "If Memory Serves", season 2 episode 8 of Star Trek: Discovery
* "If Memory Serves (Dexter's Laboratory)", season 3 episode 5a of Dexter's Laboratory
# Ignazio Lomellini

Ignazio Lomellini (born c. 1560 in Genoa, died 20 May 1645 in Rome) was a Genoese Jesuit priest. He was a member of the illustrious Lomellini noble family in Genoa.
Lomellini is known as the author of the little-known Animadversiones, Notae ac Disputationes in Pestilentem Alcoranum (MS A-IV-4), a 1622 manuscript that is the oldest surviving example of a European translation of the Quran which also includes the complete original Arabic text. The manuscript, written in Latin, was previously owned by Antoine Isaac Silvestre de Sacy and has been held at the University of Genoa library since 1846. Its rediscovery was noted by Giorgio Levi Della Vida in a 1947 article.
The manuscript's marginalia contain detailed verse-by-verse commentaries of the original Arabic text. At the time, the Latin translation, though not without problems, was the most accurate translation ever written in a European language. The manuscript was dedicated to Cardinal Alessandro Orsini.
Lomellini died on 20 May 1645 in Rome.
# Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act 1893

The Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act 1893 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 43) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed by William Ewart Gladstone's Liberal government.
The Act transferred from local authorities to the Board of Agriculture the responsibility for wiping out swine fever. This was estimated to relieve local rates of up to £50,000.
# Ida Martha Metcalf

Ida Martha Metcalf (August 26, 1857 – October 24, 1952) was the second American woman to receive a PhD in mathematics.

## Early life

Ida Metcalf was born in Texas to Charles A. and Martha C. (Williams) Metcalf. During her youth, her family moved about the south. After her father’s death, she moved to New England with her mother and siblings. By 1870, she was living in Massachusetts, where she taught school for many years.

## Education

In 1883, Ida began studying at Boston University where she received a Bachelor’s in Philosophy (Ph.B.) in 1886. From 1888 to 1889, she was a graduate student at Cornell University, earning a master's degree in mathematics. After teaching at Bryn Mawr School in Baltimore, she returned to Cornell and receive her Ph.D. in 1893.

## Professional career

For many years after receiving her Ph.D., Ida taught high school and worked in several financial firms and as a Civil Service Examiner. In 1912, she became a statistician in the Department of Finance for New York City, where she remained until her retirement in 1921.

## Later years

After retirement, Ida continued to work intermittently as a Civil Service Examiner until 1939. Beginning with the onset of a serious illness in 1948, she lived in nursing homes until her death at the age of ninety-six.

## Theses

* 1886: The Origin and Development of Styles of Architecture PhB, Boston University.
* 1889: The Theory of Illumination by Reflected and Refracted Light Master's thesis, Cornell University.
* 1893: Geometric Duality in Space PhD dissertation, Cornell University (directed by James Edward Oliver).
# If You Should Sail

"If You Should Sail" is a song by American duo Nielsen Pearson. It was released as a single in 1980 from their self-titled album.
The song peaked at No. 38 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 35 on the Adult Contemporary chart, becoming the duo's only top 40 hit.

## Chart performance

| Chart (1980) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Hot 100 | 38 |
| U.S. Billboard Adult Contemporary | 35 |
# Constantin Dimitrescu

Constantin Dimitrescu (Romanian pronunciation:; 19 March 1847 in Blejoi, Romania – 9 May 1928) was a Romanian classic composer and music teacher, one of the most prominent representatives of the late Romantic period.

## Background

Born in Blejoi, Prahova County, he was taken to Bucharest at an early age, once his musical talent was recognized. There he studied cello and composition with some of Romania's best-known music teachers. Funds were subsequently made available for him to continue his education in Vienna and then later in Paris where he studied with, among others, the famous cello virtuoso Auguste Franchomme.

## Musical work

Upon his return to Bucharest, he became principal cellist of the Bucharest Philharmonic and also of the National Theater Orchestra. In later years, he served as conductor for both. He was also engaged as a professor at the Bucharest Conservatory, where one of his students was George Georgescu, later to become an important conductor after a hand injury forced him to abandon a successful career as a cellist.
Despite his many occupations and duties, Dimitrescu found time to compose orchestral and operatic works as well as chamber music. In fact, it was his great love of chamber music which led him to found Bucharest's first permanent string quartet. He served as its cellist for many years. Thus it comes as no surprise to find that throughout his long musical life, Dimitrescu composed string quartets, seven in all.
* Serenada română (Romanian Serenade) for cello and piano, Op. 9
* Dans țărănesc (Peasants Dance; also known as "Rustic Dance") for cello and piano, Op. 15
* String Quartet No. 1 in G major, Op. 21
* String Quartet No. 2 in D minor, Op. 26
* String Quartet No. 3 in B♭ major, Op. 33
* String Quartet No. 4 in G minor, Op. 38
* String Quartet No. 5 in F major, Op. 42 (published 1890)
* Concerto No. 1 for cello and orchestra
* Concerto No. 2 for cello and orchestra
* Sergentul Cartuș, Opera (1883)
* Renegatu, Opera (1886)
* Sanda, Opera (1886)
* Nini, Comic Opera in 3 acts (1897); premiered 1898 in Bucarest; libretto by Dimitrie Ionescu-Zane
* Sănziana şi Pepelea, Musical Fairytale in 5 Acts (1899); premiered 1899 in Bucarest; libretto by Vasile Alecsandri
# Ileal vessels

In anatomy, the ileal vessels are the arteries and veins which supply or drain the ileum, the final section of the small intestine.
These are:
* Unnamed branches of the superior mesenteric artery (see also intestinal arteries)
* Unnamed tributaries of the superior mesenteric vein
# Ilex neblinensis

Ilex neblinensis is a species of plant in the family Aquifoliaceae. It is found in Brazil and Venezuela.
# Corner Shot

Corner Shot may refer to:
# Corner River

The Corner River is a tributary of the Harricana River, flowing in the Cochrane District in Ontario, in Canada.
The surface of the river is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, but safe circulation on the ice generally occurs from mid-November to the end of April.

## Geography

The major watersheds adjacent to the Corner River are:
* North side: Harricana River;
* East side: Harricana River, Again River, Mannerelle River, Malouin River;
* South side: Corner Lakes, Detour River;
* West side: Kattawagami River, Lawagamau River, Seal River, Atik River.
The Corner River originates at the mouth of an unidentified lake (length: 2.3 metres (7 ft 7 in); altitude: 269 metres (883 ft)) belonging to a group of lakes identified as "Corner Lakes" in the eastern part of the Cochrane District.
The mouth of this lake of head is located at:
* 8.4 kilometres (5.2 mi) east of the boundary between Ontario and Quebec;
* 72.5 kilometres (45.0 mi) south of the mouth of the Corner River;
* 40.8 kilometres (25.4 mi) east of Kesagami Lake (Ontario);
* 99.4 kilometres (61.8 mi) southwest of the mouth of the Harricana River, in Ontario.
From its source, the Corner River runs more or less parallel to the Ontario and Quebec boundary, on 65.2 kilometres (40.5 mi) in the following segments:
* 19.9 kilometres (12.4 mi) to the north through marsh areas, up to a stream (from the south);
* 22.1 kilometres (13.7 mi) to the North in marsh areas, up to the boundary between Quebec and Ontario;
* 15.8 kilometres (9.8 mi) to the north in Quebec in a marsh area, to a stream (coming from the southwest);
* 21.8 kilometres (13.5 mi) to the north in a marsh area, to a stream (coming from the south-east);
* 7.4 kilometres (4.6 mi) to the north-west, forming a large curve to the southwest, up to the mouth.
Corner River empties on the southwestern shore of the Harricana River in front of Low Shoal Island. This confluence is located at:
* 32.1 kilometres (19.9 mi) southeast of the mouth of the Harricana River;
* 4.3 kilometres (2.7 mi) west of the boundary between Quebec and Ontario;
* 83.1 kilometres (51.6 mi) south of the center of the village of Moosonee in Ontario.

## Toponymy

The hydronyme "River Corner" (English origin) is similar to the fact that the mouth of the river flows into a bend of river facing Low Shoal Island. Mariners navigating through the Harricana River through the southern part of the island to James Bay were passing by the river bend. The head lakes of this river are known as "Corner Lakes".
# Illinois Giants

Illinois Giants were a barnstorming Negro league baseball team in the 1920s.
The Illinois Giants are noted as having played in 1910 and 1919 to 1929.
Ted "Double Duty" Radcliffe joined the team in 1920.
# Ilios Yannakakis

Ilios Yannakakis (13 September 1931 in Cairo, Egypt – 16 January 2017 in Paris) was a French historian and political scientist of Greek descent, professor emeritus of the University of Lille III.
He joined the Communist Party of Greece and after the Greek Civil War of 1946-1949 he fled to Paris and eventually to communist Czechoslovakia. There he fell victim of purge of the communist party. After the death of Joseph Stalin he continued lecturing. He was engaged in struggle for human rights and after the defeat of the Prague Spring he fled to France.
In 2003 he became the editorial board of the Le Meilleur des mondes, a magazine of the French political think tank Cercle de l'Oratoire.
A fictionalized account of his life was presented in the book Matin Rouge ("Red Sunrise") by Chantal Delsol.

## Books

* Premier retour de Bagdad (with Pierre Rigoulot), 1998, ISBN 2-226-11432-7
* Un Pavé dans l'histoire. Le débat français sur "Le Livre noir du communisme" (with Pierre Rigoulot), 1998, ISBN 2-221-08882-4
* Alexandrie 1860-1960. Un modèle éphémère de convivialité : Communautés et identité cosmopolite (with Robert Ilbert), 1998, ISBN 2-86260-392-9
* Histoire du monde (with André Berelowitch, a textbook), 1986, ISBN 2-218-07516-4