OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Balmullo

Balmullo (Gaelic: Baile Mhullaich) is a village in Fife, Scotland. It is 7 miles (11 km) from the town of St Andrews and near to the villages of Lucklawhill, Guardbridge, Dairsie and Leuchars. Army base Leuchars Station is also nearby.

## History

The name Balmullo derives from Celtic bāile "village" with mullaich "top". The village name was recorded as Beilmullhoh in 1282.
Now largely a dormitory settlement, it was once a weaving village. Balmullo was the home of the picture postcard cartoonist Martin Anderson ('Cynicus') whose red sandstone Cynicus Castle was demolished in 1939, seven years after his death.

## Balmullo today

Balmullo has a Spar grocery store which doubles as a Post Office and a pub, The Balmullo Inn.
The Balmullo Primary School is located in the heart the village. A village newsletter is published online.
In 2002, the village appeared in news articles after a big cat was allegedly spotted nearby.

## Industry

The quarry at Balmullo extracts orange-pink felsite (red pathway chippings), and lies to the west of the village. Minerals found here include azurite, baryte, malachite, metatorbernite, and pseudomalachite.

## Transport

Nearby travel links are:
* Leuchars railway station, 1.6 miles (2.6 km)
* Cupar railway station, 5.8 miles (9.3 km)
* Dundee Airport, 10 miles (16 km)
# Escuela Normal Superior Moíses Sáenz Garza

The Escuela Normal "Moisés Sáenz Garza" is a normal school in Monterrey. Eduardo Livas Villarreal, then governor of Nuevo León and Profr. Ciro R. Cantú (First Dean) founded the school in 1961.
In 1988, on the hundredth anniversary of the school’s founding, the name was changed to Escuela Normal "Moisés Sáenz Garza" in honor of Moisés Sáenz Garza, former Public Education Minister. He founded the system of secondary education in México in 1921, through a law proclaimed by President Plutarco Elías Calles.
The school offers a bachelor's degree in secondary education with specializations in Spanish Language, Mathematics, History, Geography, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Civics and Ethics and Foreign Language-English. Since 1978, the Graduate School has offered postgraduate degrees in Educational Philosophy, with specializiations in Elementary Education, Secondary education Vocational guidance, Adolescent Psychology, Human Sciences (History, Geography, Civics and Ethics), Natural and Exact Sciences, Spanish Literature and Mathematics Education at both Master’s and Doctorate levels.
The school also offers various diploma courses in Arts and Painting, Printmaking, Theatre, Music, Dance (including versions of Huapango, Danzon and Northern dance styles), as well as additional courses in Marching War Band and National Flag Escort, all of significant curricular value.
It is located on Venustiano Carranza avenue at the corner of Ruperto Martínez street in the Centro neighborhood of the city. It is an integral part of the Educational center "Venustiano Carranza" which includes an elementary school, a secondary school or Junior High School, a teacher research center (IIIEPE, Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Estudios de Posgrado para la Educación) a principal square where the Marching War band of the Militarized Pentathlon rehearses, a gym for practicing racquetball and Pelota, and the regional offices of the Ministry of Education
In 2011, the Escuela Normal Superior celebrated its 50th anniversary, and in 2013 the of Building of Arts and sciences was inaugurated to promote professionalism and teaching practice by Rodrigo Medina de la Cruz, governor of Nuevo León and Profr. Humberto Leal Martínez, the School Dean.
# Arthur Le Fevre

Arthur Le Fevre (1887 – 27 June 1957) was an Australian professional golfer and golf club maker. He won the 1921 Australian Open.

## Early life

Le Fevre was born in Rye, Sussex, England in 1887 as Arthur Feaver, the son of Henry Feaver and Caroline (née Wiffin). He was at Rye Golf Club and later at Henley. He emigrated to Australia in 1912. He served in the Australian Imperial Force during World War I, returning to Australia in 1919. His younger brother, Ernest (1893–1968), was also a professional golfer in Australia.

## Professional career

Le Fevre was initially an assistant to Dan Soutar at Manly Golf Club in Sydney. After World War I he moved to Royal Melbourne Golf Club as an assistant, becoming the acting professional there in 1921 during Victor East's absence in America with Joe Kirkwood Sr., and soon afterwards the full professional on East's resignation.
Le Fevre's biggest success as a player was winning the 1921 Australian Open at Royal Melbourne. He finished 10 strokes clear of Tom Rutledge, a local amateur. Le Fevre's first round of 71 and third round of 69 were the best of the tournament. He used just six clubs during the event. The following year he was runner-up to Charlie Campbell at Royal Sydney, 3 strokes behind. In 1923 he won the Victorian Professional Championship by 14 strokes from Rowley Banks and Campbell. He was runner-up in the event 3 times, in 1926, 1927 and 1930. Le Fevre qualified for the final stage of all three editions of the Sun-Herald Tournament. He lost in the first round in 1924 and 1925 but reached the final in 1926, losing 6&5 to Frank Eyre, taking the second prize of £100.

## Later life

Le Fevre retired from his position as the professional at Royal Melbourne Golf Club at the end of 1948, being replaced by Ossie Pickworth, although he continued to work as a club maker. He died at his home in Sandringham, Melbourne, Victoria on 27 June 1957.

## Professional wins

* 1921 Australian Open
* 1923 Age and Leader purse, Victorian Professional Championship
* 1925 Age and Leader purse
* 1926 Australian Professional tournament
* 1928 Age and Leader purse

## Team appearances

* Vicars Shield (representing Victoria): 1930
# Ash, Derbyshire

Ash is a small civil parish in the South Derbyshire district of Derbyshire, with a population of 98 (2001 census). The parish includes scattered hamlets and Ashe Hall, the Tara Buddhist Centre.

## History

Ash was listed in the Domesday book as Ashe in the hundred of Appletree, belonging to Henry de Ferrers and being worth thirty shillings. The village was still known as Ashe in 1646, then after 1770 was written as Ash.
# Burma Bazaar

Burma Bazaar is a market run by Burmese refugees in Chennai, India. It is located at Parrys Corner and is one of the several unorganized or grey market shopping hubs of Chennai. The bazaar was set up in 1969 by the Government of Tamil Nadu. It is located just outside the Chennai Beach railway station, in the old financial district of the city at George Town. It is a row of about 200 shops that line either side of the road for about a kilometre.

## History

Burma Bazaar was established by Burmese immigrants, who were Tamil refugees who fled Myanmar during the early 1960s. The government set aside land for the Tamil refugees returning from Burma during the 1960s. The bazaar is run by the Burma Tamizhar Marumalarchi Sangam, an association that has been set up to look after the interests of the traders since 1966.

## The bazaar

The bazaar extends to about a kilometre along the Chennai Beach railway station. There are an estimated 200 shops in the bazaar. With several passengers coming out of the station every few minutes, the market appears busy all the time. It is estimated that over 100,000 people pass through this corridor every week.
Per 2017 estimates, there are over 600 shops in the bazaar employing over 5,000 people.
It had been listed as a notorious market between 2009 and 2017 by the USTR for selling various counterfeit goods and pirated media and software.

## In media

Ayan, a 2009 Indian film, shows the operations of selling CDs, software, electronics, perfumes, and other goods in great detail. Other Indian films which make references to the market include Vattaram (2006) and Kacheri Arambam (2010).
# Buford, North Dakota

Buford is an unincorporated community in Williams County, North Dakota, United States. It is the nearest community to the Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site. It is named for the nearby historic Fort Buford at the confluence of the Missouri and Yellowstone Rivers.

## Transportation

Amtrak’s Empire Builder, which operates between Seattle/Portland and Chicago, passes through the town on BNSF tracks, but makes no stop. The nearest station is located in Williston, 23 miles (37 km) to the northeast.
# Butyryl phosphate

Butyryl phosphate is an intermediate in the fermentation of butyric acid. The glutamate oxidation of butyryl phosphate may provide the main source of energy for Clostridium tetanomorphum.
# 2006 Shelbourne Irish Open – Doubles

This was the first edition of the tournament.
Dutch pair Jasper Smit and Martijn van Haasteren won the title, defeating British pair Colin Fleming and Jamie Murray in the final, 6–2, 2–6, [10–8].

## Seeds

* Jean-François Bachelot / Nicolas Tourte (semifinals)
* Jasper Smit / Martijn van Haasteren (champions)
* Colin Fleming / Jamie Murray (final)
* Jacob Adaktusson / Jonathan Marray (semifinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | J-F Bachelot N Tourte | 7$^7$ | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | T Hahn K Thomas | 6$^2$ | 6 | [5] | 1 | J-F Bachelot N Tourte | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | J Cluskey J McGee | 3 | 4 | | | A Chadaj O-h Kwon | 4 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Chadaj O-h Kwon | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 1 | J-F Bachelot N Tourte | 2 | 6 | [8] | | | | | |
| 3 | C Fleming J Murray | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 3 | C Fleming J Murray | 6 | 4 | [10] | | | | | |
| WC | C Niland K Sorensen | 2 | 1 | | 3 | C Fleming J Murray | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | F Nielsen R Norby | 6 | 6 | | | F Nielsen R Norby | 5 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | M Pedrini O Tereshchuk | 3 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | 3 | C Fleming J Murray | 3 | 6 | [8] |
| | X Audouy G Lugassy | 4 | 7$^9$ | [7] | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | J Smit M van Haasteren | 6 | 2 | [10] |
| | J Cerretani B Wilson | 6 | 6$^7$ | [10] | | J Cerretani B Wilson | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | L Childs A Parmar | 3 | 7$^8$ | [10] | 4 | J Adaktusson J Marray | w/o | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | J Adaktusson J Marray | 6 | 6$^6$ | [12] | | | | | | 4 | J Adaktusson J Marray | 2 | 5 | | | | | | |
| WC | P Clarke S Nugent | 4 | 2 | | | | | | | 2 | J Smit M van Haasteren | 6 | 7 | | | | | | |
| | E Gulbis A Juška | 6 | 6 | | | E Gulbis A Juška | 6$^2$ | 7 | [6] | | | | | | | | | | |
| | K Economidis U Vico | 4 | 7$^9$ | [6] | 2 | J Smit M van Haasteren | 7$^7$ | 5 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | J Smit M van Haasteren | 6 | 6$^7$ | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Ernie Lindemann

Ernest Theodore Lindemann (June 10, 1883 – December 27, 1951) was an American professional baseball player who played in 1907.
Lindemann had a long, successful semi-professional baseball career in the New York metropolitan area and was described in The Brooklyn Daily Eagle as "[o]ne of the greatest semi-pro pitchers of the 1900's." He was believed to have recorded more than 600 pitching wins, including victories against Dummy Taylor, Andy Coakley and Hall of Famer Rube Waddell.
He was the subject of contract disputes between independent baseball executive Nat Strong, Brooklyn Dodgers owner Charles Ebbets and New York Yankees owner Frank J. Farrell. The big league owners tried to pressure Strong into cancelling games in which Lindemann was scheduled to pitch.
# Arkadiusz Sowa

Arkadiusz Rafał Sowa (born March 2, 1979) is a Polish marathon runner. He set a personal best time of 2:12:00, by finishing seventh at the 2007 Berlin Marathon.
Sowa represented Poland at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where he competed for the men's marathon, along with his compatriot Henryk Szost. He successfully finished the race in fifty-fourth place by fifteen seconds ahead of Tanzania's Samson Ramadhani, with a time of 2:24:48.
# Batulovce

Batulovce (Serbian Cyrillic: Батуловце) is a village in the municipality of Vlasotince, Serbia. According to the 2022 census, the village has a population of 696 people.
# Anopina revolcaderos

Anopina revolcaderos is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Durango, Mexico.
# Explosive-driven ferromagnetic generator

An explosive-driven ferromagnetic generator (EDFMG, explosively pumped ferromagnetic generator, EPFMG, or FMG) is a compact pulsed power generator, a device used for generation of short high-voltage high-current pulse by releasing energy stored in a permanent magnet. It is suited for delivering high-current pulses (kiloamperes) to low-impedance loads.
The FMGs consist of a permanent magnet (usually a neodymium magnet), a high explosive charge, and a pickup coil. They are a kind of phase transition generators, utilizing pressure-induced magnetic phase transition effect. By adjusting the number of turns of the coil, which can be as low as a single turn, the generator can be designed for delivery of high-current low-voltage pulses or, with more turns, low-current high-voltage pulses.
The shock wave generated by explosion destroys the magnetic domains in the magnet, cause loss of the magnetic field, and the very sudden change induces a high-peak electric current in the surrounding coil. Both the shock wave directions parallel to the vector of magnetization (longitudinal) and perpendicular (transverse) are possible to be used. One of the possible configurations is a ring magnet with the explosive charge in its center.
EDFMGs are especially well suited as seed power sources for explosively pumped flux compression generators and can be used for charging capacitor banks.
A generator coupling an EDFMG containing an 8.75 cm$^3$ of magnetic material with a spiral vector inversion generator yielded a pulse of amplitude over 40 kilovolts with a rise time of 6.2 nanoseconds. Generators delivering pulses over 50 kV and 5 kA were demonstrated.
Ultra-compact generators with diameter less than 50 mm were developed.
# Concord Township, Ohio

Concord Township may refer to the following township in the U.S. state of Ohio:
* Concord Township, Champaign County, Ohio
* Concord Township, Delaware County, Ohio
* Concord Township, Fayette County, Ohio
* Concord Township, Highland County, Ohio
* Concord Township, Lake County, Ohio
* Concord Township, Miami County, Ohio
* Concord Township, Ross County, Ohio
# Buck Ridgley

Randolph H. Ridgley (June 24, 1895 – death unknown), nicknamed "Buck", was an American Negro league second baseman in the 1920s.
A native of Warrenton, Virginia, Ridgley made his Negro leagues debut in 1920 with the Brooklyn Royal Giants and Baltimore Black Sox. He went on to play for Baltimore for two more seasons, then played for the Harrisburg Giants and Washington Potomacs in 1923.
# FMD

FMD may refer to:

## Biology and medicine

* Fibromuscular dysplasia, a medical condition
* Fig mosaic disease, a viral disease of fig plants
* Foot-and-mouth disease, a viral disease of ungulates
* Flow-mediated dilation, a physiological response, and medically diagnostic tool
* Fasting mimicking diet is a diet that aims to achieve the benefits of fasting

## Other

* Falsified Medicines Directive, a European legal framework
* Fashion Model Directory, an online database
* Fluorescent Multilayer Disc, a disc format
* Fort Madison station (disambiguation), Iowa, United States
* Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky, a Russian writer (1821–1881)
# Ballindalloch Castle

Ballindalloch Castle, known as the "pearl of the north", is a Scottish castle located in Ballindalloch, Banffshire, Scotland. It has been the family home of Macpherson-Grants since 1546.

## History

The first tower of the Z plan castle was built in 1546.
In 1590 the widow of the Grant of Ballindalloch married John Gordon, son Thomas Gordon of Cluny. John Grant, former Tutor of Ballindaloch, the administrator of the estate, killed one of John Grant's servants. This started a feud between the Earl of Huntly and the Earl of Moray. The Earl of Huntly went to Ballindalloch in November 1590 to arrest the Tutor. The Chief of Grant, John Grant of Freuchie promised to deliver the Tutor and his accomplices, accused of murder and other crimes, to Huntly Castle. However, Freuchie joined with the Tutor's men and the Earl of Moray, and came to Darnaway Castle, and there shot pistols at Huntly's officers and cannon from the castle, and killed John Gordon, brother of the Laird of Cluny.
After it was plundered and burned by James Graham, the first Marquess of Montrose, it was restored in 1645.
Extensions were added in 1770 by General James Grant of the American Wars of Independence (whose ghost is said to haunt the castle) and in 1850 by the architect Thomas MacKenzie. Further extensions carried out in 1878 were mostly demolished during modernisation enacted in 1965. It has been continuously occupied by Russell and Macpherson-Grant families throughout its existence.
The castle houses an important collection of 17th century Spanish paintings.
The castle grounds contain a 20th-century rock garden and a 17th-century dovecote. The rivers Spey and Avon flow through the grounds, offering excellent fishing. The famous Aberdeen Angus cattle herd resides in the castle estate.
Today, the castle is still occupied by the Macpherson-Grant family. It is open to tourists during the summer months and a number of workshops on its grounds are in active use.

## Traditions

It is said that the original intention was to build at a better site defensively, but when building commenced whatever was built in the day was thrown down at night. Eventually the laird, annoyed by the problem, heard a mysterious voice saying "Build in the cow haughs, and you will meet with no interruptions." He did so, and there was no further problem with the building.

## Whisky

With the assistance of a £1.2 million grant from the Scottish Government, the owners of the castle set up the Ballindalloch distillery on the estate farm. The distillery commenced production in September 2014.

## Ghostlore

The dining room of Ballindalloch has associated ghostlore and is said to be haunted by a ghost known as The Green Lady. The green lady is a reoccurring character in Scottish ghostlore stories about castles.
# Arriscope (medicine)

Arriscope is a fully digital operating microscope delivering high-definition output streams in 3D and is developed and manufactured by Arri. The Arriscope has been presented to the public in a prototype version in May 2013 on the 84th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. A release date was not published yet.

## Technology

The microscope is based on the famous Arri Alexa camera system and its stereoscopic optics and the led illumination are specially designed to match the camera sensor specifications. The camera system is carried by a balanced 6-axis stand with pneumatic-driven breaks. The camera itself produces two full-HD streams that can be displayed on electronic binoculars and also on a 3D monitor with polarization glasses. Further specifications have not been released yet as they might change in the final product.

## Potential advantages over an optical system

In contrast to conventional optical microscopes it enables patients, students and staff to see precisely the same view as the surgeon. Moreover, the same quality images can be recorded for documentation and educative purposes.
# Arthur Legge (footballer)

Arthur George Leslie Legge (5 October 1881 – 15 January 1941) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Williamstown in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) and for Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## Family

The son of John Vickery Legge (1860–1926), and Elizabeth Legge, Arthur George Leslie Legge was born on 5 October 1881.
He married Ada Dixon on 17 July 1915.

## Football

He played as a rover, either resting in the back-pocket or the forward-pocket.

### Williamstown (VFA)

He came to Williamstown as a "local junior", and went on to play 25 games and score 9 goals for Williamstown in the VFA in two seasons (1902 and 1903).

### Essendon (VFL)

Cleared from Williamstown to Essendon on 13 May 1904, he went on to play 69 games and score 30 goals for Essendon in the VFL over six seasons (1904 to 1909).
Playing at forward-pocket in Essendon's 1908 VFL Grand Final team, Legge kicked the second of Essendon's three goals in its 3.8 (26) to 5.5 (35) loss to Carlton. His last game for Essendon was in the side that lost 8.11 (59) to 9.14 (68) to University on 22 May 1909.

## Death

He died at his home in Glen Huntly, Victoria on 15 January 1941.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Holmesby & Main (2014).
* ↑ It is important to note that, without providing any justification or supportive evidence for his extraordinary choice, Maplestone (1996), consistently lists "Arthur Legge" as "V.F. "Arthur" Legge" (i.e., at pp.404, 447-452). No other source ever mentions anything about any individual named "V.F. Legge".
* ↑ Deaths: Legge, (Monday, 11 January 1926), p.1.
* ↑ Marriages: Legge—Dixon, The Age, (Saturday, 14 August 1915), p.5.
* ↑ The Association Clubs, The Argus, (Monday, 5 May 1902), p.9.
* ↑ Football Premiership, 1908, The Argus, (Saturday, 26 September 1908), p.21.
* ↑ Deaths: Legge, The Argus, (Thursday, 16 January 1941), p.4.
# Dominion-Provincial Student Loan Program

The Dominion-Provincial Student Loan Program was the first federally funded student loan program accessible to university students in Canada.
Originally, only five provinces joined the initiative, but by 1944 all nine provinces were participating. Newfoundland joined the scheme in 1950, soon after joining confederation in 1949.
It is also known as the Dominion-Provincial Student Aid Program.

## History

The Dominion-Provincial Student Loan Program started in 1939 and developed out of the 1937 Dominion-Provincial Youth Program which was designed to provide vocational training to youth who had been denied access to training during the depression years. In 1964, the Canada Student Loans Program (CSLP) replaced the Dominion-Provincial Student Loan Program. The province of Quebec left the arrangement in 1954 because of concerns surrounding jurisdiction and autonomy.

## Purpose

It was based on a matching grants system. If students required financial assistance and were of high academic standing, the Government of Canada in partnership with a provincial government would provide a matching grant to the student. The effectiveness of the program was questionable because it helped on average less than 3000 students per year, while university enrollment increased from just approximately 35,000 in 1939 to over 100,000 in 1960 (Fisher et al., 2005). Additionally, it is estimated the federal government only spent $5 million total on the program (Canadian Encyclopedia, 2007).

## Impact

The main impact of the program was that it firmly established the role of the federal government in the funding of higher education. The controversy surrounding this is that in both the Canadian Constitution and its predecessor, the British North America Acts, education is the jurisdiction of the provinces. A matching grants system left the provincial governments vulnerable to interference from the federal government.
The implementation of the program affected student funding in three ways:
* It stimulated provincial growth in funding student loan programs.
* The financial need of the student became the primary reason for funding, rather than academic prowess.
* It cemented the importance of the federal government in funding and coordinating student aid. (Canadian Encyclopedia, 2007)