OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cleckheaton Spen railway station

Cleckheaton Spen railway station served the town of Cleckheaton, West Yorkshire, England, from 1900 to 1953 on the Leeds New Line. It is one of two disused stations in Cleckheaton, the other being Cleckheaton Central.

## History

The station was opened as Cleckheaton on 1 October 1900 by the London and North Western Railway. It had a large goods yard with a cattle dock and a warehouse. Access was controlled by two signal boxes. The station's name was changed to Cleckheaton Spen on 2 June 1924. It closed on 5 January 1953, except for occasional excursions.
# Clematis patens

Clematis patens is a species of perennial plant in the genus Clematis in the Ranunculaceae family. It is native to Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, and northern Kyushu) and Northeast Asia. It usually grows on the edge of forests. It is also planted for ornamental purposes.

## Etymology

The name of the genus Clematis is a derivation of the Ancient Greek word "clématis", which means "climbing". This is a description of the tendency that species show to be climbers. And patens means "opening". In Japan, C. patens is called "kazaguruma", which means pinwheel.

## Description
### Stem

The stems are brown and they become woody.

### Flower

White or pale purple single flowers grow at the tips of short shoots in May or June. The calyx that looks like a petal is usually 8 pieces and length of 7–8 cm, but the variation is large depending on the type. Achene is broad-ovate, yellow-brown feather-like.

### Leaf

The leaves are pinnate compound leaves consisting of 3–5 leaflets and length of 3–10 cm.
* The flower composed of eight sepals
* Close-up of numerous stamens and pistils
* Young achenes

## Conservation

C. patens has been designated as Near Threatened (NT) on the Red List by the Ministry of the Environment in Japan, and some prefectures in Japan have been designated as Red List.

## Cultural significance

"The native fabric of Clematis patens" in Uda, Nara was designated as a Japanese national natural monument on 14 January 1948. C. patens has been designated as a city flower in Funabashi, Chiba.
# Aminoacetaldehyde

Aminoacetaldehyde is the organic compound with the formula OHCCH$_2$NH$_2$. Under the usual laboratory conditions, it is unstable, tending instead to undergo self-condensation. Aminoacetaldehyde diethylacetal is a stable surrogate.
In nature, aminoacetaldehyde is produced by oxygenation of taurine catalyzed by taurine dioxygenase, which produces the sulfite H$_2$NCH$_2$CH(OH)SO$_3$$^−$.
# Clonophycus

Clonophycus is a genus of fossil microalgae. The type species, C. elegans, was found in the Barney Creek Formation (McArthur Group), of the Middle Proterozoic of Northern Australia. The authors are uncertain if the microalgae are prokaryotic cyanobacteria or eukaryotic green or red algae.

## Species

* †Clonophycus belium Late Sinian to Early Cambrian
* †Clonophycus bellus Late Sinian to Early Cambrian
* †Clonophycus biattina Middle Proterozoic to Late Proterozoic - Australia (N.Territory) China(Hupei)
* †Clonophycus dissides Late Precambrian
* †Clonophycus elegans (type) Middle Proterozoic - Australia
* †Clonophycus guizhouensis Late Sinian to Early Cambrian
* †Clonophycus inaequimagnus Late Precambrian
* †Clonophycus laceyi Proterozoic
* †Clonophycus maximus Early Cambrian
* †Clonophycus ostiolum Middle Proterozoic
* †Clonophycus refringens Middle Proterozoic
* †Clonophycus vacus Sinian
* †Clonophycus vulgaris Middle Proterozoic
# Clin-Alert

Clin-Alert is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers twice a month in the field of Pharmacology. The journal's editor is Joyce Generali. It has been in publication since 1962 and is currently published by SAGE Publications.
In 1962, Clin-Alert's founders--Francis T. Roberts and Robert Plunkett cultivated global subscribers in 55 countries with the aim of disseminating drug safety data. Founded with the overarching goal of reporting on adverse drug events such as drug-induced deaths, permanent disability, and threats to life, the majority of the subscribers were physicians, universities, or medical malpractice attorneys. Roberts and Plunkett created a robust editorial board of 15 clinicians and scientists—including Carl A. Dragstedt, PhD, MD, who discovered the role of histamine in anaphylaxis and was a professor of Northwestern University for 38 years. During the founders' tenure, Clin-Alert was published in Louisville, Ky.
Hubert Humphrey--former Vice President under President Johnson--used data from Clin-Alert in his role as chairman for the U.S. Senate investigation on prescription drugs. Clin-Alert published warnings about the dangers of Orabilex, which was eventually taken off the market by the FDA.
Steadfast in their mission to report on adverse drug reactions with veracity, Roberts and Plunkett refused to accept advertisements from pharmaceutical companies due to personal ethical standards in line with their objective to provide non-biased and reliable information. The first edition of Textbook of Adverse Drug Reactions, published by Oxford University Press, was dedicated in memory to Roberts after his death for his commitment to providing veracious information about pharmacologic safety to clinicians (Davies, 1977).
Plunkett sold Clin-Alert in the 1980s and it remains a vibrant and respected journal under SAGE Publications.

## Scope

Clin-Alert publishes articles covering areas such as drug-drug interactions, food-drug interactions, medication errors and dietary supplements. The journal aims to provide physicians, and other health care professionals with comprehensive summaries of adverse drug reactions, drug interactions, and market withdrawals.

## Abstracting and Indexing

Clin-Alert is abstracted and indexed in the following databases:
   * Academic Onefile
   * General Onefile
   * InfoTrac
   * Scopus
   * Zetoc
# Clinton Township, LaPorte County, Indiana

Clinton Township is one of twenty-one townships in LaPorte County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,551 (up from 1,507 at 2010) and it contained 607 housing units.
Clinton Township was established in 1836.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 34.45 square miles (89.2 km$^2$), of which 34.42 square miles (89.1 km$^2$) (or 99.91%) is land and 0.03 square miles (0.078 km$^2$) (or 0.09%) is water.
# Clinton Township, Henry County, Missouri

Clinton Township is a township in Henry County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.
Clinton Township takes its name from the community of Clinton, Missouri.
# Clive White

Clive Bradley White (born 2 May 1940) is a retired English football referee from Harrow, Middlesex.

## Career

White made the Football League referees list at the age of thirty three in 1973, after four years as a linesman. He made rapid progress, was senior linesman at the 1977 FA Cup Final and was appointed to the FIFA Panel in Summer 1977. He achieved the honour of refereeing the 1982 FA Cup Final, featuring two London clubs, Tottenham Hotspur and QPR. He also handled the subsequent replay, eventually awarding Tottenham the penalty with which they won the Cup.
He then went on to referee in the 1982 World Cup Finals in Spain. He featured in three matches - refereeing the first round Group C match between Belgium and Hungary, which ended 1–1, and acting as a linesman for the first round Group F game when the Soviet Union beat New Zealand 3–0 and for the goalless draw between Poland and the Soviet Union in the second round.
At this stage White seemed to have marked himself out as the leading English referee with potentially another six years before retirement. However, soon after, he was convicted of deception and resigned from the League list on 30 July 1982.
# Clymers, Indiana

Clymers is an unincorporated community in Clinton Township, Cass County, Indiana.

## History

Clymers was laid out in 1869. It was named for its founder, George Clymer. A post office was established at Clymers in 1890, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1919.

## Geography

Indiana State Road 25 and the Norfolk Southern Railway both pass northeast through the town.
# Clivinarchus

Clivinarchus is a genus in the ground beetle family Carabidae. This genus has a single species, Clivinarchus perlongus. It is found in Australia.
# Clivina vosahloi

Clivina vosahloi is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Kult in 1959.
# Amritpur, Nepal

Amritpur is a village and former Village Development Committee (Nepal) that is now part of Tulsipur Sub-Metropolitan City in Dang Deokhuri District in Lumbini Province of south-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 9,680 persons living in 1725 individual households.
# Jimi Tunnell

Jimi Tunnell is an American guitarist and vocalist from Denton, Texas. Although he is known as a guitarist, his career began as a jazz trumpeter.
Tunnell has worked with Yukihiro Takahashi, Laurie Anderson, Steps Ahead, and Member's Only. His band Trilateral Commission includes percussionist José Rossy of Weather Report. He is a member of the Rodney Holmes Trio, which includes bassist Alphonso Johnson, also from Weather Report. He is a featured artist on the Origin Records releases Time Within Itself and Origin Suite.
He sang the chorus on the two first hits by singer Shannon, Let the Music Play and Give Me Tonight, although he was uncredited.
# Winifrida Mpembyemungu

Winifrida Mpembyemungu (born 1972) is a Rwandan politician, currently a member of the Chamber of Deputies in the Parliament of Rwanda.
Mpembyemungu is the former mayor of Musanze. In 2013 her house was attacked with explosives, resulting in a baby being killed and two others injured. In 2015 six people received lifetime jail sentences, for this and other FDLR-sponsored terrorist attacks.
In April 2016 assailants attacked her home at night, resulting in a man being shot and killed by security forces.
In June 2018 Mpembyemungu narrowly beat former MP Marie Therese Murekatete to gain the Rwanda Patriotic Front women's ticket for Musanze District.

## Brief Profile

Winifrida Mpembyemungu is a prominent female politician from Rwanda. She was born on February 29, 1948, in Karongi, Western Province, Rwanda. Mpembyemungu is known for her active involvement in politics and championing women's rights in the country.
She started her political career as a member of the Democratic Republicans Party (Parti Démocratique Républicain, PADER). Later, she joined the Social Democratic Party (Parti Social-Démocrate, PSD) and served as a Member of Parliament representing her district for several terms.
Mpembyemungu has vast experience in leadership positions. She has held various important roles, including Minister of Lands, Resettlement, and Environmental Protection and Minister of State in charge of Social Welfare. Additionally, she served as the Minister of State for Economic Planning in the government of Rwanda.
Known as a staunch advocate for women's empowerment, she has played a crucial role in promoting gender equality and expanding opportunities for women in Rwanda. She has been instrumental in the development and implementation of policies and programs that aim to uplift women's status and increase their participation in decision-making processes.
As a female politician, Mpembyemungu has actively worked to combat gender-based violence and discrimination. She has also championed women's representation in politics and has been influential in increasing female participation both in Parliament and in local government structures.
Throughout her political career, Mpembyemungu has worked towards socio-economic development, poverty reduction, and sustainable environmental policies. She has been a strong advocate for social welfare programs and played a vital role in the development and implementation of poverty reduction strategies in Rwanda.
Winifrida Mpembyemungu has made significant contributions to the political landscape of Rwanda, particularly in advancing women's rights and gender equality. Her dedication and commitment have helped shape policies that have positively impacted Rwandan society.
reference
# List of rare species in the British National Vegetation Classification

The following is a list of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens which were regarded as rare species by the authors of British Plant Communities, together with the communities in which they occur.

## Bryophytes
### Mosses

* Side-fruited crisp-moss Pleurochaete squarrosa CG7
* Curving feather-moss Scorpiurium circinatum CG1
* Golden bog-moss Sphagnum pulchrum M1, M2
* Neat crisp-moss Tortella nitida CG1

### Liverworts

* Greater pawwort Barbilophozia lycopodioides U6

## Lichens

* Bacidia muscorum CG7
* Buellia epigaea CG7
* Diploschistes scruposus var. bryophilus CG7
* Fulgensia fulgens CG7
* Lecidea decipiens CG7
* Squamaria lentigera CG7
* Toximia caerulea var. nigricans CG7
* Toximia lobulata CG7
# 2022 Open Città della Disfida – Doubles

Marco Bortolotti and Cristian Rodríguez were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.
Evgeny Karlovskiy and Evgenii Tiurnev won the title after defeating Ben McLachlan and Szymon Walków 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

## Seeds

* Ben McLachlan / Szymon Walków (final)
* Sadio Doumbia / Fabien Reboul (semifinals)
* Roman Jebavý / Zdeněk Kolář (semifinals)
* Ruben Gonzales / Christopher Rungkat (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | B McLachlan S Walków | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | G Blancaneaux C Lestienne | 2 | 2 | | 1 | B McLachlan S Walków | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | |
| | F Forti G Zeppieri | 2 | 7 | [8] | WC | S Napolitano L Nardi | 3 | 6 | [4] | | | | | | | | |
| WC | S Napolitano L Nardi | 6 | 5 | [10] | | | | | | 1 | B McLachlan S Walków | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| 3 | R Jebavý Z Kolář | 6 | 1 | [11] | | | | | | 3 | R Jebavý Z Kolář | 2 | 4 | | | | |
| WC | F Agamenone A Pellegrino | 2 | 6 | [9] | 3 | R Jebavý Z Kolář | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | |
| | M Arnaldi F Passaro | 4 | 6 | [10] | | M Arnaldi F Passaro | 4 | 6 | [5] | | | | | | | | |
| | M Kalovelonis P Matuszewski | 6 | 2 | [6] | | | | | | | | | | 1 | B McLachlan S Walków | 3 | 4 |
| Alt | B Bobrov A Shevchenko | 2 | 6 | [6] | | | | | | | | | | | E Karlovskiy E Tiurnev | 6 | 6 |
| | E Karlovskiy E Tiurnev | 6 | 4 | [10] | | E Karlovskiy E Tiurnev | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | K Drzewiecki K Żuk | 7$^7$ | 2 | [10] | | K Drzewiecki K Żuk | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | R Gonzales C Rungkat | 6$^5$ | 6 | [8] | | | | | | | E Karlovskiy E Tiurnev | 7$^7$ | 7$^7$ | | | | |
| | L Margaroli J Rodionov | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 2 | S Doumbia F Reboul | 6$^5$ | 6$^4$ | | | | |
| | H Jebens Niklas Schell | 3 | 1 | | | L Margaroli J Rodionov | 3 | 7$^7$ | [8] | | | | | | | | |
| | E Couacaud G Simon | 5 | 3 | | 2 | S Doumbia F Reboul | 6 | 6$^4$ | [10] | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | S Doumbia F Reboul | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Kisha e Shën Mitrit

Kisha e Shën Mitrit is the name of several monuments in Albania:
* Kisha e Shën Mitrit (Debranik), Berat County
* Kisha e Shën Mitrit (Poliçan), Berat County
* Kisha e Shën Mitrit (Boboshticë), Korçë County
* Kisha e Shën Mitrit (Bezmisht), Korçë County
# Battle of Nicaea

The Battle of Nicaea was fought in 193 between the forces of Septimius Severus and his eastern rival, Pescennius Niger. It took place at Nicaea in Asia Minor. Severus defeated his rival, and ended his bid for the Roman Empire the next year at Issus.

## Background

The battle took place in the context of the Year of the Five Emperors, a tumultuous period in the Roman Empire when Emperor Pertinax was assassinated by the Praetorian Guards. The Praetorian Guards then held an auction for the throne, which was won by Didius Julianus, who became emperor. The auction was unpopular, and Septimius Severus, commander of the Pannonian legions, and Pescennius Niger, the governor of Syria (as well as Clodius Albinus, the governor of Britain) all claimed the Roman imperial throne after the auction.
Severus marched to Rome and had Didius decapitated, then marched to meet Pescennius in battle. Severus had previously defeated Pescennius at the Battle of Cyzicus (193) in Asia Minor.
# Donji Srb

Donji Srb (Serbian Cyrillic: Доњи Срб) is a village and former settlement in Croatia.

## Population

Till 2011 census, Donji Srb was independent settlement. It was unified with settlement of Gornji Srb in new settlement of Srb. As independent settlement it included hamlets of Ajderovac, Donji Srb, Kruškovača and Podastrana.
Population :
| 1857 | 1869 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1921 | 1931 | 1948 | 1953 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 |
| 861 | 1,043 | 1,058 | 662 | 694 | 1,257 | 1,302 | 1,395 | 587 | 516 | 590 | 810 | 909 | 1,098 | 255 |
Note: Settlements of Donji Srb and Gornji Srb are administratively recognized as independent settlements in 1890 and 1900, and then from 1948-2001. From 1857-1880, and 1910-1931 it was part of that time independent settlement of Srb, for which it include data. In 2011 it finished its existence as independent settlement and became part of newformed settlement of Srb.

### 1991 census

According to the 1991 census, settlement of Donji Srb had 1,098 inhabitants, which were ethnically declared as this:
* Donji Srb
* 1991
* total: 1,098
* Serbs 1,059 (96.44%)  Croats 9 (0.81%)  Hungarians 6 (0.54%)  Montenegrins 6 (0.54%)  Muslims 6 (0.54%)  Yugoslavs 6 (0.54%)  Ukrainians 1 (0.09%)  unknown 5 (0.45%)

### Austro-hungarian 1910 census

According to the 1910 census, settlement of Donji Srb had 1,257 inhabitants in 3 hamlets, which were linguistically and religiously declared as this:
| Population by language | Croatian or Serbian |
| Ajderovac | 152 |
| Srb | 1,085 |
| Urljaj | 20 |
| Total | 1,257 (100%) |
| Population by religion | Eastern Orthodox | Roman Catholics |
| Ajderovac | 152 | - |
| Srb | 1,063 | 22 |
| Urljaj | 20 | - |
| Total | 1,235 (98.24%) | 22 (1.75%) |
Note: In 1910 census include data for former settlement of Gornji Srb.

## Literature

* Savezni zavod za statistiku i evidenciju FNRJ i SFRJ, popis stanovništva 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981. i 1991. godine.
* Book: "Narodnosni i vjerski sastav stanovništva Hrvatske, 1880-1991: po naseljima, author: Jakov Gelo, izdavač: Državni zavod za statistiku Republike Hrvatske, 1998., ISBN 953-6667-07-X, ISBN 978-953-6667-07-9;
# Creation (John Coltrane album)

Creation is a 1965 album by jazz musician John Coltrane. The 1965 tracks - "Impressions" and "Creation" - were recorded at the Half Note Cafe, New York. "Alabama" was recorded in San Francisco a year before. "Creation" may be incorrectly titled - the title was drawn from a bootleg album. This is the only known recording of the tune. An abbreviated version of the same performance has appeared on several compilation albums (e.g. "Kind Of Coltrane").

## Track listing

Original LP release Creation (Blue Parrot).
* "Alabama” – 6:10
* "Impressions” – 14:11
* "Creation” – 23:05

## Personnel

Recorded February 23, 1964 and April 2, 1965.
* John Coltrane — tenor saxophone/soprano saxophone
* McCoy Tyner — piano
* Jimmy Garrison — double bass
* Elvin Jones — drums
* This 1960s album–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Cover-over subsidies

Cover-over subsidies are annual payments from the U.S. government to the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico out of federal excise taxes. For example, when a bottle of rum is produced in either the Virgin Islands or Puerto Rico, and then sold in the United States, the federal excise tax on that bottle is returned to its place of production. Cover-over subsidies for U.S. island territories began in 1917. In 2008, the taxes generated about $371 million for Puerto Rico and $100 million for the Virgin Islands.
In April 2009, Puerto Rico's congressional representative, Pedro Pierluisi, introduced a bill prohibiting territories from using more than 10 percent of their cover-over receipts for industry specific subsidies. This was as a result of increased competition to source distillery production between Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
# Crasnoarmeiscoe

Crasnoarmeiscoe is a commune in Hînceşti District, Moldova. It is composed of two villages, Crasnoarmeiscoe and Tălăiești.
# Coward v MIB

Coward v MIB was a 1963 Court of Appeal decision on intention to create legal relations, and on the liability of the Motor Insurers Bureau when a passenger in a vehicle is killed or injured through the driver's negligence.
The decision was disapproved and not followed in two subsequent "lift-to-work" cases, Connell v Motor Insurers Bureau (1969 CA) and Albert v Motor Insurers Bureau (1971 HL).

## Facts

Coward was a pillion passenger who was killed in a motorcycle accident for which the rider was responsible. The negligent rider was both a colleague and a friend. The accident occurred on the way to work. As the rider's insurance policy excluded pillion passengers, Coward's widow was obliged to claim damages from the MIB. The MIB would have liability only where insurance for the pillion was compulsory; and at the time insurance was compulsory only if pillions were carried "for hire or reward". Coward had paid the friend a small weekly contribution for the daily trip, and the widow argued that this amounted to a contract for hire or reward. The MIB countered that carriage for hire or reward required to create legal relations, and that on these facts (an agreement between friends), there was no such intention.

## Decision

The Court of Appeal held there was no contract of hire or reward as it was a social and domestic agreement without intention to create legal relations, and that the widow was not entitled to compensation.

## Subsequent decisions

In Connell v Motor Insurers Bureau Lord Denning, MR, sitting in the Court of Appeal declared that he was "not happy with the decision in Coward", adding that "when a man gives another a lift in return for money there is a contract, albeit informal". Denning refused to follow Coward and declared that a car driver who gave friends a lift in return for cash or other valuable consideration was indeed acting "for hire or reward".
Strictly speaking, Denning was in breach of the rule that the Court of Appeal is bound by its own earlier decisions; but in Albert v Motor Insurers Bureau the House of Lords in 1971 approved the Connell judgment in preference to that in Coward.
# Craugastor bransfordii

Craugastor bransfordii is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. Its conservation status in terms of IUCN (Red List) Status is Least Concern (LC).