OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cycling at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's road race

The men's road race cycling events at the 2024 Summer Paralympics took place from September 5 to 7 in Clichy-sous-Bois, Paris. Eight events took place, spanning over twelve classifications.

## Classification

Cyclists are given a classification depending on the type and extent of their disability. The classification system allows cyclists to compete against others with a similar level of function. The class number indicates the severity of impairment with "1" being most impaired.
Cycling classes are:
* B: Blind and visually impaired cyclists use a Tandem bicycle with a sighted pilot on the front
* H 1–4: Cyclists with an impairment that affects their legs use a handcycle
* T 1–2: Cyclists with an impairment that affects their balance use a tricycle
* C 1-5: Cyclists with an impairment that affects their legs, arms, and/or trunk but are capable of using a standard bicycle

## Schedule

| F | Finals |

## Medal table

* Host nation (France)
| Rank | NPC | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Netherlands | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| 2 | France* | 2 | 4 | 2 | 8 |
| 3 | Ukraine | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | China | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Great Britain | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | Austria | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | Spain | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | United States | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 9 | Italy | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 10 | Colombia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 10 | Poland | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (11 entries) | Totals (11 entries) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 24 |

## Medal summary

| Classification | Gold | Gold | Silver | Silver | Bronze | Bronze |
| Road races |||||||
| B details | Tristan Bangma Pilot: Patrick Bos Netherlands | 2:55:10 | Vincent ter Schure Pilot: Timo Fransen Netherlands | 2:55:12 | Alexandre Lloveras Pilot: Yoann Paillot France | 2:55:18 |
| H1-2 details | Florian Jouanny France | 1:20:18 | Sergio Garrote Munoz Spain | 1:20:40 | Luca Mazzone Italy | 1:27:58 |
| H3 details | Mathieu Bosredon France | 1:34:36 | Johan Quaile France | 1:35:57 | Mirko Testa Italy | 1:39:38 |
| H4 details | Jetze Plat Netherlands | 1:29:15 | Thomas Fruehwirth Austria | 1:29:46 | Rafal Wilk Poland | 1:34:50 |
| H5 details | Mitch Valize Netherlands | 1:33:12 | Loïc Vergnaud France | 1:34:27 | Pavlo Bal Ukraine | 1:37:03 |
| C1-3 details | Finlay Graham Great Britain | 1:43:19 | Thomas Peyroton-Dartet France | 1:43:19 | Alexandre Leaute France | 1:43:43 |
| C4-5 details | Yehor Dementyev Ukraine | 2:18:59 | Kévin Le Cunff France | 2:18:59 | Martin van de Pol Netherlands | 2:18:59 |
| T1-2 details | Chen Jianxin China | 1:15:08 | Dennis Connors United States | 1:17:09 | Juan José Betancourt Quiroga Colombia | 1:17:09 |
# Leonard A. Payne

Captain Leonard Allan Payne MC (15 July 1894 – 18 February 1919) was a British First World War flying ace born in Swaziland. He was credited with 11 confirmed aerial victories while piloting a Bristol F.2 Fighter.

## World War I

On 1 February 1917, Payne enlisted in the Royal Flying Corps while living in his native Swaziland. Payne was commissioned from cadet to temporary second lieutenant (on probation) on 21 June 1917, and confirmed in his rank and appointed a flying officer on 24 August.
Payne was posted No. 69 Squadron in England, flying a Bristol F.2 Fighter. He scored his first aerial victory on 29 October 1917, but would not win another triumph until 3 January 1918. His third win followed on 26 February 1918, when he set a German LVG aflame in midair. He drove down two Albatros D.V fighters out of control over Mont-d'Origny on 8 March, and was an ace. Four days later, he sent down a Fokker Triplane.
Payne was appointed a flight commander, with the temporary rank of captain, on 25 April 1918. He scored three victories in May, though it is unknown if he was leading the flight for any or all of them. However, on 30 May 1918, he destroyed a Fokker D.V to become a double ace.
However, when he won the Military Cross for his valour, the emphasis was not on his air-to-air victories. When the award citation was gazetted on 26 July 1918, it read:
    Temporary Second Lieutenant Leonard Allan Payne, General List and R.A.F.
       "For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty. Volunteering to proceed on a special reconnaissance under adverse weather conditions, he penetrated for a distance of nine miles behind the enemy's lines, flying at an altitude of 200 feet, despite the most intense machine-gun and rifle fire. He returned later, his machine riddled with bullets, with the required information. Previous to this, he had bombed and engaged with machine gun fire bodies of hostile infantry with the most effective results. He has destroyed one hostile plane and driven down two others out of control. He has at all times displayed the greatest fearlessness and dash."
On 4 November 1918, Payne scored his 11th victory; it was one of his squadron's final three wins of the war. Payne's personal tally came to three solo destructions of enemy aircraft, one shared destruction, and seven German aircraft sent down out of control.

## Post World War I

Leonard Allan Payne was killed in a flying accident on 18 February 1919 while serving with the Army of Occupation in Germany. He was buried in Cologne Southern Cemetery, Cologne, Germany.
# Carlton, Saskatchewan

Carlton is an unincorporated place in Rosthern Rural Municipality No. 403, Saskatchewan, Canada. The place is located on Highway 683, approximately 20 km north-west of Rosthern.

## Attractions
### Fort Carlton Provincial Historic Park

The original site of Fort Carlton is located approximately 5 km north-west of Carlton along the banks of the North Saskatchewan River. The fort was originally established as a Hudson's Bay Company fur trading post that operated between 1810 until 1885. The fort has been rebuilt by the Government of Saskatchewan and is now known as a Provincial Park of Saskatchewan and is a popular attraction located along the original Carlton Trail.

### Carlton Trail

The Carlton Trail was the primary land transportation route connecting the various parts of the Canadian Northwest for most of the 19th century. It stretched from the Red River Colony up to what is today Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan via Fort Ellice. From here the trail ran north and crossed the South Saskatchewan River near Batoche, Saskatchewan until it reached Fort Carlton on the North Saskatchewan River. After this point the trail ran due west along the river to Fort Edmonton at what is now Edmonton, Alberta. The distance in total the trail traveled between Fort Garry (Winnipeg) to Upper Fort des Prairies (Edmonton) was approximately 900 miles (1,500 kilometers). Many smaller trails jutted off from the main trail, such as the Fort à la Corne Trail in the Saskatchewan Valley. Today the Trail has been designated as a National Historic Site of Canada and portions of the original Trail can still be seen.
# 2014 Clare Senior Football Championship

The 2014 Clare Senior Football Championship was the 119th staging of the Clare Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Clare County Board in 1887.
The defending champions and holders of the Jack Daly Cup were Cratloe who won their maiden title in 2013.

## Senior Championship Fixtures/Results
### First round

* Eight winners advance to Round 2A (winners)
* Eight losers move to Round 2B (Losers)

### Second round
#### A. Winners

* Played by eight winners of Round 1
** Four winners advance to Quarter-finals
** Four losers move to Round 3

#### B. Losers

* Played by eight losers of Round 1
** Four winners move to Round 3
** Four losers divert to Relegation Play-offs

### Third round

* Played by four losers of Round 2A & four winners of Round 2B
** Four winners advance to Quarter-finals
** Four losers divert to Senior B Championship

### Quarter-finals

* Played by four winners of Round 2A and four winners of Round 3

### Semi-finals
## County final

| Cratloe | Éire Óg, Ennis |
# Șcheiu

The Șcheiu or Cheu is a small river in the city of Brașov, Romania. It is intercepted by the Canalul Timiș (Timiș Canal). The upper reach of the river, upstream of Brașov, is also known as the Oabăn. The lower reach of the river was channelized so as to flow along the walls of the medieval city, contributing to the defenses of the city; this reach is also known as the Graft. It flows through the historic city district Șcheii Brașovului. Its length is 9 km (5.6 mi) and its basin size is 17 km$^2$ (6.6 sq mi).
# ERF Medien

ERF Medien e. V. is a German evangelical media corporation, based in Wetzlar, Hesse. The Corporation is producing Radio- and TV as well as online content with Christian-evangelical messages. The organization was founded in 1959 as Evangeliums-Rundfunk (ERF) (gospel broadcast). Theologically, ERF Medien is close to the Evangelical Alliance in Germany. ERF is partner of Trans World Radio.
The funding is almost exclusively through donations from listeners, viewers, online users and friends with annual revenues of 17.3 million euros (as of 2018). In addition, there is an ERF Foundation since 2001, whose statutory purpose is to provide financial support to the broadcaster.
The TV program ERF1 is distributed via Satellite (DVB-S at Astra 1M), Live-stream and since 1 April 2009 also in some digital cable networks in Germany (DVB-C).
# Edward Stephens

Edward Stephens may refer to:
* Edward Stephens (MP for Dover) (c. 1552–?), English politician
* Edward Stephens (MP for Tewkesbury and Gloucestershire) (1597–c. 1670), English lawyer and politician
* Edward Stephens (Royal Navy Lieutenant), see List of ships captured in the 19th century
* Edward Bowring Stephens (1815–1882), English sculptor
* Edward Stephen (1822-1895), also known as Stephens, Welsh minister and composer
* Edward S. Stephens (1849–1909), American educator
* Edward Stephens (Australian settler) (1811–1861), early Australian settler
* Eddie Stevens, musician, member of Moloko & collaborator with Róisín Murphy
# Karie (disambiguation)

Karie may refer to the following:
* Karie, Indian film
* Karie (name)
# Aird baronets

The Aird Baronetcy, of Hyde Park Terrace in Paddington in the County of London, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 5 March 1901 for the civil engineering contractor and Conservative politician John Aird.
The present Baronet is a co-heir to the barony of Willoughby de Eresby

## Aird baronets, of Hyde Park Terrace (1901)

* Sir John Aird, 1st Baronet (1833–1911)
* Sir John Aird, 2nd Baronet (1861–1934)
* Sir John Renton Aird, 3rd Baronet (1898–1973)
* Sir (George) John Aird, 4th Baronet (1940–2023)
* Sir James John Aird, 5th Baronet (born 1978)
The heir apparent is the present baronet's elder son Roman Jack Aird (born 2011)
# Achillea impatiens

Achillea impatiens is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Asteraceae. It is native to Central Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Northwestern China, and Romania.
# Cyanothamnus acanthocladus

Cyanothamnus acanthocladus is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low, prickly shrub with small leaves and white, four-petalled flowers.

## Description

Cyanothamnus acanthocladus is a shrub that grows to a height of about 0.3 m (1 ft) with spreading branches and spiny branchlets. Its leaves are narrow egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, 3–6 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long and often clustered on the older wood. The flowers are white and are borne on the ends of short shoots on a pedicel 2–3 mm (0.08–0.1 in) long. The four sepals are narrow triangular, fleshy, glabrous and about 2 mm (0.08 in) long. The four petals are elliptic and about 4 mm (0.2 in) long and the eight stamens are hairy. Flowering occurs in September.

## Taxonomy and naming

This species was first formally described in 1998 by Paul G. Wilson and given the name Boronia acanthoclada in Nuytsia from a specimen collected in the Frank Hann National Park. In a 2013 paper in the journal Taxon Marco Duretto and others changed the name to Cyanothamnus acanthocladus on the basis of cladistic analysis. The specific epithet (acanthocladus) is derived from latinized Greek, acantho- meaning 'spiny' and cladus 'a branch'.

## Distribution and habitat

Cyanothamnus acanthocladus grows in sand over gravel and is only known from the type collection.

## Conservation

Cyanothamnus acanthocladus (as Boronia acanthoclada) is classified as "Priority Two" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife meaning that it is poorly known and from only one or a few locations.
# Leptomonas moramango

Leptomonas moramango is a species of monoxenous trypanosomatid. It is known to parasitise Brachycera flies, and was first found in Madagascar.
# Dr. Madison Monroe Holland House

The Dr. Madison Monroe Holland House in Statesboro, Georgia is a Queen Anne-style house which was built in 1888 and expanded in 1908. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. The listing included three contributing buildings and one contributing structure.
Queen Anne features include asymmetric massing, a turret on the front facade, a wrap-around porch and a central second-floor balcony. It has dormers with paired double-hung windows, a pressed metal mansard roof, and weatherboard siding.
It was built in 1888 as a one-story four-bedroom residence. It was expanded to add a second floor with six rooms and a balcony in 1908, allowing Dr. Holland to use the second floor as his medical office and a small hospital, and to close his separate medical office downtown. The county had no hospital at the time. He used the second floor's northeast bedroom, which includes the Queen Anne turret, as his office.
A historic barn is gone, but the property still had, in 1989, a cane boiler, a smokehouse, and a later-built but still historic automobile garage.
Statesboro was the subject of a wider survey of historic resources completed at the same time as the NRHP nomination for the district.
# ERF

Erf or ERF may refer to:

## Industry

* Enerplus, a North American energy producer whose stock is listed as ERF under the TSX and NYSE
* ERF (truck manufacturer), a former British truck manufacturer

## Mathematics

* Error function, erf
* Exponential response formula

## Science and technology

* Effective radiative forcing, a concept to compare radiative forcing in climate models
* ERF (gene), coding for ETS domain-containing transcription factor
* Electrorheological fluid
* Eukaryotic release factors
* Event-related field

## People

* Keith Erf, American politician

## Other uses

* Erf (law), in real estate law
* Erf (river), in Germany
* Estuarine Research Federation, an American environmental organization
* Erfurt-Weimar Airport, in Germany (IATA code)
* European Racquetball Federation
* European Refugee Fund
* Extreme Reaction Force, in United States military prisons
* Reformed Church of France (French: Église réformée de France), a Christian denomination in France
# Edwin Grech

Edwin Grech (27 September 1928 – 15 March 2023) was a Maltese doctor and politician from the Labour Party.

## Career

Grech was elected to the Parliament of Malta from District 2 in 1992 and 1996. He was Minister of Social Security from 1996 to 1998.

## Death

He died in 2023. His funeral was attended by Prime Minister Robert Abela, other ministers and former prime minister Joseph Muscat.

## Family

His daughter Karin Grech was murdered in 1977 by a letter bomb. His nephew Bernard Grech has been the Leader of the Nationalist Party since 2020.
# Chapda

Chapda is a town in the Dewas district Tehsil-Bagli of Madhya Pradesh state in India. Chapda is around 52.8 km (32.8 mi) from Indore.

## Demographics

The Chapada village has a population of 6624. In 2011, the literacy rate of Chapada village was 73.20% compared to 69.32% in Madhya Pradesh. In Chapada, Male literacy stands at 83.04% while the female literacy rate was 62.79%.
# Carolina Maneuvers

The Carolina Maneuvers were a series of United States Army exercises held around Southern North Carolina and Northern South Carolina in 1941. The exercises, which involved some 350,000 troops, were designed to evaluate United States training, logistics, doctrine, and commanders.
# Cyme quadrilineata

Cyme quadrilineata is a species of butterfly in the moth family Erebidae, found in Australian, near northeastern and northern coast.
# Dragoon National Forest

Dragoon National Forest was established in Arizona on May 25, 1907, covering 69,120 acres (280 km$^2$). On July 1, 1908, it was combined with Santa Catalina National Forest and Santa Rita National Forest to create Coronado National Forest. The name was discontinued.
The forest included the Dragoon and Little Dragoon Mountains, two of the Madrean Sky Islands. The area is included in the Douglas Ranger District of Coronado National Forest.
# Bill Hartack Memorial Handicap

The Bill Hartack Memorial Handicap is an American Thoroughbred horse race run at Hawthorne Race Course in Stickney/Cicero, Illinois in the early spring of the year. The ungraded stakes race is for horses three-year-olds and older, and is set at a distance of one and one-eighth of a mile. The race offers a purse of $200,000.
In 2009, the race was downgraded from a Grade III event to ungraded status, but as of 2015 had once again been awarded Grade III status.
Formerly known as the National Jockey Club Handicap, the race was inaugurated as the Bill Hartack Memorial Handicap in 2008 to honor the Hall of Fame jockey Bill Hartack who died in November 2007. Hartack won the Kentucky Derby fives times: 1957 on Iron Liege, 1960 on Venetian Way, 1962 on Decidedly, 1964 on Northern Dancer, and 1969 on Majestic Prince.
(In 2000, 2001 and 2002, the race was held at Sportsman's Park Racetrack in Cicero, Illinois.)

## Past winners

* 2008 - Ryan's for Real (Erick Rodriguez)

## Winners as the National Jockey Club Handicap (partial list)

* 2007 - Master Command (John R. Velazquez)
* 2006 - Three Hour Nap (Francisco Torres)
* 2005 - Pollard's Vision (John Velazquez)
* 2004 - Ten Most Wanted (David Flores)
* 2003 - Fight for Ally
* 2002 - Hail the Chief (Jorge Chavez)
* 2001 - Chicago Six
* 2000 - Take Note of Me
* 1999 - Baytown
* 1947 - Take Wing
# Eduard Arning

Eduard Christian Arning (9 June 1855 – 20 August 1936) was an English-German dermatologist and microbiologist from Manchester.

## Biography

Arning received his early education from private tutors and at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums in Hamburg. In 1879 he obtained his medical doctorate from Strassburg, and afterwards was a medical assistant in Strassburg under Adolf Kussmaul (1822–1902) and Oswald Kohts (1844–1912), and later in Berlin under Oskar Lassar (1849–1907). From 1884 to 1886, he researched leprosy in the Hawaiian Islands. In 1887 he became a specialist of dermatology and venereal disease in Hamburg, where from 1906 he served as physician-in-chief in the department of skin and venereal diseases at the "Allgemeines Krankenhaus St. Georg". In 1919 he became an associate professor of dermatology at the University of Hamburg.
Arning is known today for his medical studies done at the leper colony on Molokai. In 1884 he arrived in Hawaii under the sponsorship of King Kalakaua. He is remembered for his experiments involving contagiousness of leprosy. In Hawaii, he purposely infected a convicted murderer named Keanu with leprosy, by suturing a leproma the size of a hen's egg into an incision in the man's arm.
Today at the Hawaiian Historical Society Library in Honolulu are reproductions of 237 rare glass-plate photographs that Arning created during his stay in Hawaii. The originals were discovered in 1994 at the Museum für Völkerkunde Hamburg.
He was made a companion of the Royal Order of Kapiolani in 1886.
His name is associated with an anti-fungal solution known as Arningsche tinktur (Arning's tincture).

## Publications

* Weiterer Beitrag zur Klinik und Anatomie der Neuritis leprosa. 1893. (with Max Nonne 1861–1959).
* Etnographische Notizen Hawaii. Hamburg, 1931.
* "1995 Eduard Arning's Hawaiian Collections". The Hawaiian Journal of History, Vol No. pp. 177–181. Smithsonian Institution, Department of Anthropology.
# Karl Claus

Karl or Carl Klaus or Claus may refer to:
* Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Claus (1835–1899), Austrian zoologist
* Karl Ernst Claus (1796–1864), Russian chemist and discoverer of ruthenium
* Carl Friedrich Claus (1827–1900), German chemist and inventor
* Carl Klaus (born 1994), German footballer
# Charland River

The Charland River is a tributary of the northwest shore of the St. Lawrence River, flowing in the municipality of Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures, in the Agglomération de Québec, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in the province from Quebec, to Canada.
The Charland river valley is mainly served by route 138 (north), chemin du Roy (south) and rue du Brome (along the upper part of the river), especially for the needs of agriculture and residents of the urban area of Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures, are the two main economic activities in this area.
The surface of the Charland River (except the rapids areas) is generally frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March; safe circulation on the ice is generally done from the end of December to the beginning of March. The water level of the river varies with the seasons and the precipitation; the spring flood occurs in March or April.

## Geography

The Charland River has its source on the south side of route 138, at the western limit of the urban part of Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures. This source is located 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) southeast of the Canadian Pacific Railway, 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi) west of the village center from Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures, 1.6 kilometres (0.99 mi) north-west of the St. Lawrence River, 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) northwest of its mouth.
From its source, the Charland River flows over a distance of 3.0 kilometres (1.9 mi), with a drop of 51 metres (167 ft), according to the following segments:
* 1.6 kilometres (0.99 mi) south-east passing from the west side of the urban area of Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures, to a bend in the river;
* 0.7 kilometres (0.43 mi) towards the northeast by forking towards the southeast, up to Chemin du Roy;
* 0.7 kilometres (0.43 mi) south-east in an agricultural zone, to its mouth.
The Charland River flows on the northwest bank of the St. Lawrence River. This confluence is located 12.9 kilometres (8.0 mi) southwest of the Pierre Laporte Bridge and 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) southwest of the center of Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures.

## Toponymy

The term "Charland" turns out to be a family name of French origin.
The toponym "Charland river" was formalized on June 29, 1983 at the Commission de toponymie du Québec.
# Ache Yi language

Ache (Chinese: 阿车) is a Loloish language spoken by the Yi people of south-central Yunnan, China. Ethnologue lists Azhe as an alternate name.

## Demographics

Ache is spoken in Shuangbai County (pop. 23,000), Yimen County (pop. 11,100), Eshan County, and Lufeng County. Yunnan (1955) reports that their autonym in Xinping County is nei33 su33 pʰɯ21.

## Classification

Ethnologue classifies Ache as a Southeastern Loloish language, and lists 35,000 speakers as of 2003. Ache has not been analyzed in classifications of Southeastern Loloish by Pelkey (2011) and Lama (2012), and hence remains unclassified within the Loloish branch.
# Les Dents

Les Dents (68°57′S 70°58′W﻿ / ﻿68.950°S 70.967°W﻿ / -68.950; -70.967) is a conspicuous landmark consisting of four toothlike peaks, uniform in height and rising to about 1,500 metres (5,000 ft) between Mount Bayonne and Mount Paris, situated within the Rouen Mountains in the northern part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. The feature was first roughly mapped and named "Les Dents" (the teeth) by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot. It was further mapped, from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960.